summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/39076-h
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
authorRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 20:11:51 -0700
committerRoger Frank <rfrank@pglaf.org>2025-10-14 20:11:51 -0700
commit2aa48c5b501cd9cf47794a01790559b6bd529653 (patch)
tree8234ae0839e6a4bbf7943e6985de5f5516737ad2 /39076-h
initial commit of ebook 39076HEADmain
Diffstat (limited to '39076-h')
-rw-r--r--39076-h/39076-h.htm4865
-rw-r--r--39076-h/images/cover.jpgbin0 -> 69331 bytes
-rw-r--r--39076-h/images/image01.jpgbin0 -> 70913 bytes
3 files changed, 4865 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/39076-h/39076-h.htm b/39076-h/39076-h.htm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46294d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/39076-h/39076-h.htm
@@ -0,0 +1,4865 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN"
+ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en">
+<head>
+<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
+<title>The Project Gutenberg eBook of Notes and Queries Vol. IV., No. 105, Saturday, November 1. 1851.</title>
+<link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" />
+
+<style type="text/css">
+body { font-size:1em;text-align:justify;margin-left:10%;margin-right:10%; }
+h1 span { display:block;text-align:center;margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:5%; }
+h2 span { display:block;text-align:center;margin-top:7.5%;margin-bottom:1%; }
+h3 span { display:block;text-align:center;margin-top:7.5%;margin-bottom:2%;font-size:107%;font-weight:normal; }
+h4 span { font-weight:normal;font-size:1em;margin-left:1em; }
+#idno { font-size:30%;margin-top:12%;margin-bottom:.5%; }
+#id1 { font-size:45%;margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:.5%; }
+#id2 { font-size:15%;margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:.5%; }
+#id3 { font-size:55%;margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:15%; }
+p { text-indent:1em;margin-top:.75%;margin-bottom:.75%; }
+a:focus, a:active { outline:yellow solid thin;background-color:yellow; }
+a:focus img, a:active img { outline:yellow solid thin; }
+.author { font-size:smaller;text-align:right;margin-left:10%;margin-right:57%;margin-top:.5em;margin-bottom:1em; }
+.bla { font-style:italic; }
+.blockquot { text-indent:0em;margin-left:5%;margin-right:5%;margin-top:1.5%;margin-bottom:2%; }
+.botnum { font-size:x-small;vertical-align:text-bottom; }
+.box { margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:5%;margin-right:5%;text-indent:0em;padding:.5em; }
+.boxad { margin-top:2%;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:25%;margin-right:25%;border-top:thin dotted;border-bottom:thin solid;font-size:smaller; }
+.center { text-align:center; }
+.center1 { text-align:center;font-size:112%;margin-top:5%;margin-bottom:2.5%; }
+.center2 { text-align:center;font-size:150%; }
+.fnanchor { font-size: x-small;vertical-align:text-top; }
+.footnote .label { font-size: x-small;vertical-align:text-top; }
+.footnote { text-indent:0em;margin-left: 5%;margin-right: 25%; }
+hr.small { width: 15%; }
+.i1 { padding-left:1em; }
+.i3 { padding-left:3em; }
+.i4 { padding-left:4em; }
+.i5 { padding-left:5em; }
+.i7 { padding-left:7em; }
+.i9 { padding-left:9em; }
+.i11 { padding-left:11em; }
+.indh { text-indent:-2em;padding-left:2em;text-align:left; }
+.indh6 {margin-left:3em;text-indent:-6em;padding-left:6em;text-align:left; }
+ ins { text-decoration:none;border-bottom:thin dotted }
+.larger { font-size:larger;font-weight:bold; }
+.left { text-align:left;font-size:smaller;margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:14%;margin-right:5%;text-indent:-3em; }
+.lowercase { text-transform: lowercase; }
+.noindent { text-indent: 0em; }
+.pagenum { font-size:x-small;color:silver;background-color:inherit;position:absolute;left:2%;text-align:left;text-indent:0em;
+ font-variant:normal;text-decoration:none; }
+p.cap:first-letter { float:left; clear: left; margin:0 0.1em 0 0;padding:0;font-weight:bold;font-size: x-large; }
+.poem { margin-left:8%;margin-right:8%;margin-top:1%;margin-bottom:1%;padding-left:5%; }
+.poem .stanza { margin:1.5em 0em 1.5em 0em; }
+.right { text-align:right;font-size:smaller;margin-top:0em;margin-bottom:2%;margin-left:5%;margin-right:15%; }
+.right1 { text-align:right;margin-top:1.5em;margin-bottom:.5em;margin-left:5%;margin-right:7.5%; }
+.smaller { font-size:smaller; }
+.smcap { font-variant:small-caps; }
+strong { font-weight: normal; letter-spacing: 0.2em; margin-right: -0.2em; }
+table table { margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;width:45em;border-collapse:collapse; }
+.table1 { width:28em;border-collapse:collapse; }
+td { vertical-align:bottom;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em; }
+td.tdleft { text-align:left;margin-left:0;text-indent:0; }
+td.tdright { text-align:right; }
+td.tdcenter { text-align:center; }
+td.tdhang { text-align:left;margin-left:2em;padding-left:4em;text-indent:-2em;padding-right:1em;vertical-align:top; }
+.tnbox { margin-left:5%;margin-right:5%;margin-top:5%;margin-bottom:.5%;text-indent:0em;padding:.5em;border-top:thin dashed; }
+.tnbox1 { font-size:smaller;border:thin dotted;margin-left:25%;margin-right:27%;margin-top:5%;margin-bottom:2.5%;text-indent:0em;padding:.5em; }
+.tnbox2 { margin-left:5%;margin-right:5%;text-indent:0em;padding:.5em; }
+.toc { margin-left: 5%;margin-right: 15%;margin-top: 1.5%;margin-bottom: 3%;text-align: left; }
+.topnum { font-size:x-small;vertical-align:text-top; }
+
+</style>
+</head>
+<body>
+
+
+<pre>
+
+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 105,
+November 1, 1851, by Various
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+
+Title: Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number 105, November 1, 1851
+ A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists,
+ Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc.
+
+Author: Various
+
+Editor: George Bell
+
+Release Date: March 7, 2012 [EBook #39076]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 1, 1851 ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+</pre>
+
+
+
+
+<h1>
+<span id="idno">Vol. IV.&mdash;No. 105.</span>
+
+<span>NOTES <small>AND</small> QUERIES:</span>
+
+<span id="id1"> A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION</span>
+
+<span id="id2"> FOR</span>
+<span id="id3"> LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, GENEALOGISTS, ETC.</span>
+
+</h1>
+
+<div class="center1">
+<p class="noindent"><b>"When found, make a note of."</b>&mdash;C<span class="smcap lowercase">APTAIN</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">UTTLE.</span></p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller">V<span class="smcap lowercase">OL</span>. IV.&mdash;No. 105.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller">S<span class="smcap lowercase">ATURDAY</span>, N<span class="smcap lowercase">OVEMBER</span> 1. 1851.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent center smaller"> Price Threepence. Stamped Edition, 4<i>d.</i></p>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox1">
+<p class="noindent"> Some <a title="Go to Latin text" href="#original">Latin scribal abbreviations</a>
+in this text can be tentatively <i>expanded</i>: dimid' seems to be short for <i>dimidio</i>, ann' for <i>anno</i>, Dñs for <i>Dominus</i>, Dñi for <i>Domini</i>, Dño for <i>Domino</i>,
+ p' for <i>pro</i>, p'misit for <i>promisit</i>, 'p for <i>pre</i>, and q' for <i>que</i>.
+Greek letters have been retained as printed. The spelling of <span title="[Greek: nomesthai]">&#957;&#8057;&#956;&#949;&#963;&#952;&#945;&#953;</span>, as taken over from
+ <a href="#Stolbergius">Stolbergius</a>, seems to be a typographical error for
+<span title="[Greek: nemesthai]">&#957;&#8051;&#956;&#949;&#963;&#952;&#945;&#953;</span>.</p>
+</div>
+
+
+<h2><span>CONTENTS.</span></h2>
+
+
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5"> The Claims of Literature <a title="Go to page 337" href="#notes337">337</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger"> N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES</span>:&mdash; </p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Daniel Defoe and the "Mercator," by James Crossley <a title="Go to page 338" href="#Page_338">338</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Punishment of Edward Prince of Wales, by King
+ Edward I., for Disrespect to a Judge, by William
+ Sidney Gibson <a title="Go to page 338" href="#Page_338">338</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Notes
+on the Word: "<span title="[Greek: Adelphos]">&#913;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;</span>," by
+ T. R. Brown <a title="Go to page 339" href="#Page_339">339</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Lambert, the "Arch-Rebell," by Richard John King <a title="Go to page 339" href="#Page_339">339</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> The Caxton Coffer, by Bolton Corney <a title="Go to page 340" href="#Page_340">340</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Minor Notes:&mdash;A Hint to Catalogue Makers&mdash;Virgil
+ and Goldsmith&mdash;Mental Almanac&mdash;Merlin and the
+ Electric Telegraph <a title="Go to page 340" href="#Page_340">340</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger">Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5">Bishop Bramhall and Milton <a title="Go to page 341" href="#Page_341">341</a></p>
+
+ <p class="indh i5">The Sempills of Beltrus: Robert Sempill <a title="Go to page 343" href="#Page_343">343</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Descendants of John of Gaunt <a title="Go to page 343" href="#Page_343">343</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Minor Queries:&mdash;Rocky Chasm near Gaëta: Earthquake
+ at the Crucifixion&mdash;Cavalcade&mdash;A Sept of
+ Hibernians&mdash;Yankee Doodle&mdash;Seventeenth of November:
+ Custom&mdash;Chatter-box&mdash;Printing in 1449,
+ and Shakspeare&mdash;Texts before Sermons&mdash;Paradyse,
+ Hell, Purgatory&mdash;Dead Letter&mdash;Dominus Bathurst,
+ &amp;c.&mdash;Grammar Schools&mdash;Fermilodum&mdash;Lord
+ Hungerford&mdash;Consecration
+ of Bishops in Sweden <a title="Go to page 343" href="#Page_343">343</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">M<span class="smcap lowercase">INOR</span>
+ Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>
+ A<span class="smcap lowercase">NSWERED</span>:&mdash;Effigy of a Pilgrim&mdash;"Modern
+ Universal History"&mdash;Origin of Evil&mdash;Nolo
+ Episcopari&mdash;Authors of the Homilies&mdash;Family of
+ Hotham of Yorkshire&mdash;Vogelweide&mdash;Meaning of
+ Skeatta <a title="Go to page 345" href="#Page_345">345</a></p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="larger"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Marriage of Ecclesiastics, by Henry Walter, &amp;c. <a title="Go to page 346" href="#Page_346">346</a></p>
+
+ <p class="indh i5">Lord Strafford and Archbishop Ussher <a title="Go to page 349" href="#Page_349">349</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> Sculptured Stones in the North of Scotland <a title="Go to page 350" href="#Page_350">350</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Anagrams <a title="Go to page 350" href="#Page_350">350</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">The Locusts of the New Testament <a title="Go to page 351" href="#Page_351">351</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">The Soul's Errand, by Dr. Edward F. Rimbault <a title="Go to page 353" href="#Page_353">353</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">The Two Drs. Abercrombie <a title="Go to page 353" href="#Page_353">353</a></p>
+
+ <p class="indh i5">Replies to Minor Queries:&mdash;Dacre Monument at
+ Hurstmonceux&mdash;Book-plates&mdash;Sermon of Bishop Jeremy
+ Taylor&mdash;Moonlight&mdash;Flatman and Pope&mdash;Berlin
+ Time&mdash;Ruined Churches&mdash;Italian Writer on Political
+ Economy&mdash;Death of Carli, &amp;c. <a title="Go to page 354" href="#Page_354">354</a></p>
+</div>
+
+ <p class="larger">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ISCELLANEOUS</span>:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="toc">
+
+ <p class="indh i5">Notes on Books, Sales, Catalogues, &amp;c. <a title="Go to page 357" href="#Page_357">357</a></p>
+
+<p class="indh i5">Books and Odd Volumes wanted <a title="Go to page 357" href="#Page_357">357</a></p>
+
+ <p class="indh i5"> Notices to Correspondents <a title="Go to page 358" href="#Page_358">358</a></p>
+
+ <p class="indh i5"> Advertisements <a title="Go to page 358" href="#Page_358">358</a>
+<span class="pagenum">[337]</span><a id="notes337"></a> </p>
+
+<p class="indh i5"> <a id="was_added1"></a><a title="Go to list of vol. numbers and pages" href="#pageslist1" class="fnanchor">List
+ of Notes and Queries volumes and pages</a></p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE CLAIMS OF LITERATURE.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>This day two years, on presenting to the public, and to the Literary Men
+of England the first number of N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>, as "a medium by which
+much valuable information might become a sort of common property among
+those who can appreciate and use it," we ventured to say, "We do not
+anticipate any holding back by those whose 'Notes' are most worth
+having, or any want of 'Queries' from those best able to answer them.
+Whatever may be the case in other things, it is certain that those who
+are best informed are generally the most ready to communicate knowledge
+and to confess ignorance, to feel the value of such a work as we are
+attempting, and to understand that, if it is to be well done, they might
+help to do it. Some cheap and frequent means for the interchange of
+thought is certainly wanted by those who are engaged in Literature, Art,
+and Science; and we only hope to persuade the best men in all, that we
+offer them the best medium of communication with each other."</p>
+
+<p>How fully these anticipations have been realised, how all the "best men"
+<i>have</i> come forward, we acknowledge with feelings of gratitude and
+pride. May we now hope that, in thus forming one fresh bond of union
+among the lovers and professors of Literature in this country, we have
+contributed towards a recognition of Literature as an honorable
+profession, and hastened the time when the claims of Literature,
+Science, and Art to some of those honorary distinctions hitherto
+exclusively conferred upon the Naval, Military, or Civil Servants of the
+Crown, will be admitted and acted upon. For as we hold with Chaucer:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"That he is gentil who doth gentil dedes;"</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">so we would have those men especially honoured, whose "gentil dedes" in
+Literature, Science, and Art tend to elevate the minds, and thereby
+promote the happiness of their fellow-men.</p>
+
+<p>That gallant gentleman, Captain Sword, whose good services we readily
+acknowledge, has hitherto monopolized all the honours which the
+sovereign has thought proper to distribute. We would fain see good
+Master Pen now take his fair share of them;<a id="them1"></a><a title="Go to footnote 1." href="#fn1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> and the present moment,
+when Peace has just celebrated her Jubilee in the presence of admiring
+millions, is surely the fittest moment that could be selected for the
+establishment of some Order (call it of Victoria, or Civil Merit, or
+what you will) to honour those followers of the Arts of Peace to whose
+genius, learning, and skill the great<a id="Page_338"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[338]</span> event of the year 1851 owes
+its brilliant conception, its happy execution, its triumphant success.</p>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn1"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#them1" class="label">[1]</a>We
+ are glad to find that the views we have here advocated,
+have the support of the leading journal of Europe. Vide <i>The Times</i> of
+Wednesday last.</p>
+
+<p>The reign of the Illustrious Lady who now fills with so much dignity the
+Throne of these Realms, has happily been pre-eminently distinguished
+(and long may it be so!) by all unexampled progress made in all the Arts
+of Peace. Her Majesty has been pre-eminently a Patron of all such Arts.
+How graceful then, on the part of Her Majesty, would be the immediate
+institution of an Order of Civil Merit! How gratifying to those
+accomplished and worthy men on whom Her Majesty might be pleased to
+confer it!</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Notes.</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>DANIEL DEFOE AND THE "MERCATOR."</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>Wilson, in his <i>Life of Defoe</i>, vol. iii. p. 334., gives an account from
+Tindal, Oldmixon, Boyer, and Chalmers, of the <i>Mercator</i> and its
+antagonist, the <i>British Merchant</i>. He commences by observing that Defoe
+"had but little to do with this work" (the <i>Mercator</i>), and quotes
+Chalmers, who seems totally to mistake the passage in Defoe's <i>Appeal to
+Honour and Justice</i>, pp. 47-50., in which the <i>Mercator</i> is mentioned,
+and to consider it as a denial on his part of having had any share in
+the work. Defoe's words are&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"What part I had in the <i>Mercator</i> is well known, and would men
+ answer with argument and not with personal abuse, I would at any
+ time defend any part of the <i>Mercator</i> which was of my writing.
+ But to say the <i>Mercator</i> is mine is false. I never was the
+ author of it, nor had the property, printing, or profit of it. I
+ had never any payment or reward for writing any part of it, nor
+ had I the power of putting what I would into it, yet the whole
+ clamour fell upon me."</p>
+
+<p class="noindent">Defoe evidently means only to deny that he was the originator and
+proprietor of the <i>Mercator</i>, not that he was not the principal writer
+in it. The <i>Mercator</i> was a government paper set on foot by Harley to
+support the proposed measure of the Treaty of Commerce with France; and
+the <i>Review</i>, which Defoe had so long and so ably conducted, being
+brought to a close in the beginning of May, 1713, he was retained to
+follow up the opinions he had maintained in the <i>Review</i> as to the
+treaty in this new periodical. He had not the control of the work
+undoubtedly, otherwise, cautiously abstaining as he does himself from
+all personal attacks upon his opponents, the remarks on Henry Martin
+would not have appeared, which led to a severe and very unjust
+retaliation in the <i>British Merchant</i>, in which Defoe's misfortunes are
+unfeelingly introduced. There cannot, however, be the slightest doubt to
+any one at all acquainted with Defoe's style, or who compares the
+<i>Mercator</i> with the commercial articles in the Review, that the whole of
+the <i>Mercator</i>, except such portion as appears in the shape of letters,
+and which constitutes only a small part of the work, was written by
+Defoe. The principal of these letters were probably written by William
+Brown.</p>
+
+<p>The excessive rarity of the <i>Mercator</i>, which Wilson could never obtain,
+and of which probably very few copies exist, has rendered it the least
+known of Defoe's publications. Even Mr. M'Culloch, from the mode in
+which he speaks of it (<i>Literature of Political Economy</i>, p. 142.),
+would appear not to have seen it. And therefore, whilst the <i>British
+Merchant</i>, "the shallow sophisms and misstatements" of which we now
+treat with contempt, is one of the most common of commercial books,
+having gone through at least three editions, besides the original folio,
+the <i>Mercator</i>, replete as it is with the vigour, the life and
+animation, the various and felicitous power of illustration, which this
+great and truly English author could impart to any subject, still exists
+only in probably four or five copies of the original folio numbers. How
+many of the advocates for free trade are acquainted with a production in
+which one of the most gifted minds that the country ever produced,
+exerts his delightful powers and most effectual "unadorned eloquence" in
+the support of their favourite doctrine?</p>
+
+<p>I do not see any copy of the <i>Mercator</i> noticed in the printed catalogue
+of the British Museum. I owe my own to the kindness of
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">R</span>. B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY</span>, who allowed me to possess it, having purchased it, I believe, at
+Mr. Heber's sale.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> J<span class="smcap lowercase">AS.</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ROSSLEY</span>.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>PUNISHMENT OF EDWARD PRINCE OF WALES, BY
+KING EDWARD I., FOR DISRESPECT TO A JUDGE.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">OSS</span> has lately shown, in his valuable lives of <i>The Judges of
+England</i>, that historical accuracy has been sacrificed in representing
+Henry V., on his accession, to have re-invested Sir William Gascoigne
+with "the balance and the sword." Lord Campbell, warned that
+chroniclers, historians, moralists, and poets had, without historical
+warrant, taken for true the story which Shakspeare has made so familiar
+to us, has, in his <i>Lives of the Chief Justices</i>, examined the evidence
+for attributing to the young king the act of magnanimity, and has
+affirmed (vol. i. p. 131.) not only that Sir William committed the
+prince, but that he actually filled the office of Chief Justice under
+him when he became Henry V. The noble and learned lord has been at some
+pains to authenticate the story of the commital of the prince, and has
+shown that there is no sufficient reason for disbelieving that the
+dauntless judge did make "princely power submit" to justice; and he has
+brought forward also the probable sources of Shakspeare's information.
+But these are silent as to the reinstatement of the illustrious judge;
+and <a id="Page_339"></a> <span class="pagenum">[339]</span>
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> F<span class="smcap lowercase">OSS</span> has established that the young king lost no time in
+dispensing with the "well-practised wise directions" of Sir William
+Gascoigne. One is really sorry to be obliged to relinquish belief in the
+historical foundation of the scene to which Shakspeare has given such
+fine dramatic effect in his noble lines. My object, however, in now
+writing is to point out a circumstance in some respects parallel, which
+occurred in the reign of Edward I. In looking thorough the <i>Abbreviatio
+Placitorum</i> to-day, I find the record of a judgment in Michaelmas Term,
+33 Edw. I. (1305), in which a curious illustration is given of the
+character of that sovereign; for it appears that Edward Prince of Wales
+having spoken words insulting to one of the king's ministers (when and
+to whom I wish I could ascertain), the monarch himself firmly vindicated
+the respect due to the royal dignity in the person of its servants, by
+banishing the prince from his house and presence for a considerable
+time. This anecdote occurs in the record of a complaint made to the king
+in council, by Roger de Hecham (in Madox the name occurs as Hegham or
+Heigham), a Baron of the Exchequer, of gross and upbraiding language
+having been contemptuously addressed to him by William de Brewes,
+because of his judgment in favour of the delinquent's adversary. The
+record recites that such contempt and disrespect towards as well the
+king's ministers as himself or his courts are very odious to the king,
+and proceeds&mdash;&mdash; but I will give the original:</p>
+
+
+<p class="center">
+<img src="images/image01.jpg" width="400" height="242" alt="Que quidem (videlicet)" />
+ <a id="original"></a></p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Que quidem (videlicet) contemptus et inobediencia tam ministris
+ ipsius Domini Regi quam sibi ipsi aut cur' suæ facta ipsi Regi
+ valde sunt odiosa, et hoc expresse nuper apparuit idem Dñs Rex
+ filium suum primogenitum et carissimum Edwardum Principem Walliæ
+ p' eo quod quedam verba grossa et acerba cuidam ministro suo
+ dixerat ab hospicio suo fere p' dimid' ann' amovit, nec ipsum
+ filium suum in conspectu suo venire p'misit quousq' dicto
+ ministro de 'pdicta transgress' satisfecerat. Et quia sicut
+ honor et reverencia qui ministris ipsius Dñi Regi ratione officii
+ sui fiunt ipsi Regi attribuuntur sic dedecus et contemptus
+ ministris suis facta eidem Dño Regi inferuntur."</p>
+
+
+<p>And accordingly the said Edward was adjudged to go in full court in
+Westminster Hall, and ask pardon of the judge whom he had insulted; and
+for the contempt done to the king and his court was then to stand
+committed to the Tower, there to remain during the king's pleasure.
+(<i>Abb. Plac.</i> lib. impres. p. 257.)</p>
+
+<p>Roger de Hegham occurs as a Baron of the Exchequer in 26 Edw. I., and
+died 2 Edw. II. (Madox, ii. 58.)</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILLIAM</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">IDNEY</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">IBSON.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">Newcastle-upon-Tyne.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span title="[Greek: Adelphos]">NOTE ON THE
+WORD "&#913;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;."</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>I have attempted to ascertain the <i>primary</i> signification of the word
+"<span title="[Greek: adelphos]">&#945;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;</span>," for the purpose of laying down a rule for its right
+interpretation in the sacred scriptures. If I have succeeded, we may be
+enabled to understand rightly one or two disputed passages in the New
+Testament, of which I hope to treat in a subsequent number.</p>
+
+<p>Thus says Scapula on the word:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "<span title="[Greek: Adelphos]">&#913;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;</span>,
+frater propriè, frater uterinus; fit enim a
+ dictione <span title="[Greek: delphys]">&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#965;&#962;</span>, uterus;
+ et <span title="[Greek: a]">&#945;</span> significante
+ <span title="[Greek: homou]">&#959;&#956;&#959;&#965;</span>,
+pro <span title="[Greek: homodelphos]">&#959;&#956;&#959;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;</span>."</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">His etymology, as far as it goes, is quite correct: but still, we must
+trace its different parts up to the fountain-head, in order to
+understand the word aright. Let us then first take away its prefix
+<span title="[Greek: a]">&#945;</span>, and its constructive affix
+<span title="[Greek: os]">&#959;&#962;</span>, and the remaining
+<span title="[Greek: delph]">&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;</span> will be found to be a compound word, derived from the
+Sanscrit language, proving its identity therewith by means of the
+intermediate Semitic dialects.</p>
+
+<p>Chaldee <i>dul</i>, situla, urna, <i>a vessel</i> for holding liquor. Arabic
+<i>dal</i>, a fat <i>woman</i>. These primary steps lead us to a passage in Isaiah
+li. 1., "the <i>hole</i> of the <i>pit</i>:" where the <i>idea</i> (not the word) is
+contained, and forms a connecting link between the Chaldee and Sanscrit;
+where, by taking <i>t</i> for <i>d</i> (a letter of the same organ), we have
+Sanscrit <i>tal</i>, a <i>hole</i>, <i>pit</i>, cause, origin, &amp;c.; <i>talla</i>, a young
+woman, <i>reservoir</i>, <i>pit</i>, &amp;c.; Greek (from the Syriac)
+<span title="[Greek: talitha]">&#964;&#945;&#955;&#953;&#952;&#945;</span>, a damsel, Mark v. 41.; and by
+ affixing the Sanscrit <i>pha</i>, or
+<i>pa</i>, <i>fruitfulness</i>, nourishment, drink, &amp;c., we get <i>talpa</i>, a wife,
+bed, &amp;c. Hebrew <i>dalaph</i>, stillavit. Syriac <i>dalpha</i>, conjunctio
+venerea. Delilah, a proper name, Judges xvi. 4. We thus ascertain that
+<span title="[Greek: del-ph]">&#948;&#949;&#955;-&#966;</span> relates to the fruit or fruitfulness, &amp;c. of the womb:
+and by putting the constructive affix
+<span title="[Greek: ys]">&#965;&#962;</span> = the Sanscrit <i>as</i> or
+<i>us</i>, we have
+<span title="[Greek: delphys]">&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#965;&#962;</span>, uterus, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>We now come to the most important part of the compound
+<span title="[Greek: adelphos]">&#945;&#948;&#949;&#955;&#966;&#959;&#962;</span>, viz.
+ the Sanscrit <span title="[Sanscrit [=a]]">&#257;</span> =
+<span title="[Greek: homou]">&#959;&#956;&#959;&#965;</span>, simul, at the same
+time; and we find that this <span title="[Sanscrit [=a]]">&#257;</span> refers us to "a limit conclusive" (to
+<i>that</i> place, to that time), and also to a "limit inceptive" (<i>from</i>
+<span class="smcap lowercase">THAT</span> <i>place</i>, from that time); consequently, the <i>primary</i> meaning of
+<span title="[Greek: a-del-ph-os]">&#945;-&#948;&#949;&#955;-&#966;-&#959;&#962;</span>, is what Scapula has defined it to be, "frater
+uterinus," a brother <i>to</i>, or <i>from the</i> <span class="smcap lowercase">SAME</span> <i>womb</i>.</p>
+
+<p>My deduction from hence is, that where the context, or history, does
+<i>not</i> point us to a more general sense of the word, <i>i.e.</i> to relatives
+such as cousins, or to the whole <i>human</i> race adopting the same term;
+<i>correct</i> criticism seems to demand the signification of the word in its
+<i>primary</i> meaning.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> T. R. B<span class="smcap lowercase">ROWN.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Vicarage, Southwick, near Oundle.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>LAMBERT, THE "ARCH-REBELL."</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>Mr. Hallam (<i>Const. Hist.</i>, vol. ii. p. 26. ed. 1850), after some
+remarks on the execution of Vane, who was brought to trial together with
+Lambert in 1661, asserts that the latter, "whose submissive<a id="Page_340"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[340]</span> behaviour had furnished a contrast with that of Vane, was sent to
+Guernsey, and remained a prisoner for thirty years." Mr. Hallam does not
+quote his authority for this statement, which I also find in the older
+biographical dictionaries. There exists, however, in the library of the
+Plymouth Athenæum, a MS. record which apparently contradicts it. This is
+a volume called <i>Plimmouth Memoirs, collected by James Yonge</i>, 1684. It
+contains "a Catalogue of all the Mayors, together with the memorable
+occurrences in their respective years," beginning in 1440. Yonge himself
+lived in Plymouth, and the later entries are therefore made from his own
+knowledge. There are two concerning Lambert:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"1667. <i>Lambert, the arch-rebell, brought prisoner to this
+ Iland."</i></p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">[The Island of St. Nicholas at the entrance of the harbour, fortified
+from a very early period.]</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "1683, Easter day. My Lord Dartmouth arrived in Plimm<span class="topnum">o</span>. from
+ Tangier. In March, Sir G. Jeffry, the famously [Query,
+ <i>infamously</i>] loyal Lord Chief Justice, came hither from
+ Launceston assize: lay at the Mayor's: viewed y<span class="topnum">e</span> citadells,
+ M<span class="topnum">t</span>. Edgecumbe, &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "The winter of this yeare proved very seveare. East wind, frost,
+ and snow, continued three moneths: so that ships were starved in
+ the mouth of the channell, and almost all the cattel famisht.
+ Y<span class="topnum">e</span> fish left y<span class="topnum">e</span> coast almost 5 moneths. All provisions
+ excessive deare; and had we not had a frequent supply from y<span class="topnum">e</span>
+ East, corne would have been at 30<span class="topnum">s</span>. per bushell,&mdash;above
+ 130,000 bushells being imported hither, besides what went to
+ Dartm<span class="topnum">o</span>., Fowy, &amp;c.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot"> "The Thames was frozen up some moneths, so that it became a small
+ citty, with boothes, coffee houses, taverns, glasse houses,
+ printing, bull-baiting, shops of all sorts, and whole streetes
+ made on it. The birdes of the aire died numerously. <i>Lambert,
+ that olde rebell, dyed this winter on Plimm<span class="topnum">o</span>. Island, where he
+ had been prisoner 15 years and mo.</i>"</p>
+
+
+<p>The trial of Lambert took place in 1661. He may have been sent at first
+to Guernsey, but could only have remained there until removed in 1667 to
+Plymouth. His imprisonment altogether lasted twenty-one years.</p>
+
+<p>Lambert's removal to Plymouth has, I believe, been hitherto unnoticed.
+Probably it was thought a safer (and certainly, if he were confined in
+the little island of St. Nicholas, it was a severer) prison than
+Guernsey.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ICHARD</span> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> K<span class="smcap lowercase">ING.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE CAXTON COFFER.</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>An opinion prevails that biographers who lived nearest the times of the
+individuals whom they commemorate are most entitled to belief, as having
+at command the best sources of information. To this rule, however, there
+are numerous exceptions; for time, which casts some facts into oblivion,
+also produces fresh materials for historians and biographers.</p>
+
+<p>It is certainly advisable to <i>consult</i> the earliest memoir of an
+individual in whose fate we take an interest, and even each successive
+memoir, in order that we may trace the more important historical
+particulars, and such critical opinions as seem to require discussion,
+to their true source. The result of some comparisons of this
+description, on former occasions, has almost led me to consider
+biographers as mere copyists&mdash;or, at the best, artists in patch-work. I
+shall now compare, on one point, the earlier biographers of Caxton:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Gvilhelmus Caxton, Anglus&mdash;habitavit interim in Flandria 30
+ annis cum domina Margareta Burgundiæ ducissa regis Edwardi
+ sorore."&mdash;Joannes B<span class="smcap lowercase">ALE</span>, 1559.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Gvilhelmvs Caxtonus, natione Anglus. Vir pius, doctus, etc. In
+ Flandria quidem triginta annis vixit cum Margareta Burgundiæ
+ duce, regis Edwardi quarti sorore."&mdash;Joannes P<span class="smcap lowercase">ITSEUS</span>, 1619.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "William Caxton, born in that town [sc. Caxton!]. He had most of
+ his <i>education</i> beyond the seas, living 30 years in the court of
+ Margaret dutchesse of Burgundy, sister to king Edward the Fourth,
+ whence I conclude him an Anti-Lancastrian in his
+ affection."&mdash;Thomas F<span class="smcap lowercase">ULLER</span>, 1662.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"William Caxton&mdash;was a menial servant, for thirty years together,
+ to Margaret dutchess of Burgundy, sister to our king Edward IV.,
+ in Flanders."&mdash;William N<span class="smcap lowercase">ICOLSON</span>, 1714.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Gulielmus Caxton natus in sylvestri regione Cantiae; in
+ Flandria, Brabantia, Hollandia, Zelandia xxx annis cum domina
+ Margareta, Burgundiae ducissa, regis Edwardi IV. sorore
+ vixit."&mdash;Thomas T<span class="smcap lowercase">ANNERUS</span>, 1748.</p>
+
+
+<p>Now, according to Fabian, Stow, and others, Margaret of York was married
+to Charles duke of Burgundy in 1468; and if Caxton did not return to
+England about the year 1471, as Stow asserts, he was certainly
+established at Westminster in 1477. The <i>thirty</i> years of the learned
+writers must therefore be reduced to less than <i>ten</i> years!</p>
+
+<p>The discrepancy between these writers, on another important point, is
+not less remarkable than their agreement in error, as above-described.
+Pits says Caxton flourished in 1483; Fuller, that he died in 1486; and
+Tanner, that he <i>flourished</i> about 1483, and <i>died</i> in 1491. Shakspere
+died in 1616: in what year did he flourish?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">B<span class="smcap lowercase">OLTON</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORNEY.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Minor Notes.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>A Hint to Catalogue Makers.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Among the many excellent schemes proposed
+for the arrangement and diffusion of common means of information, one
+simple one appears to have been passed over by your many and excellent
+correspondents. I will briefly illustrate an existing deficiency by an
+example.<a id="Page_341"></a> <span class="pagenum">[341]</span></p>
+
+<p>While collecting materials for a projected critical commentary on the
+<i>Timæus</i> of Plato, I was surprised to find the commentary of
+<i>Chalcidius</i> wholly wanting in our library at Christ Church.
+Subsequently (when I did not want it, having secured a better edition at
+the end of Fabricius' <i>Hippolytus</i>) I discovered a fine copy of Badius
+Ascensius' editio princeps, bound up with Aulus Gellius and Macrobius,
+but utterly ignored in the Christ Church catalogue.</p>
+
+<p>This instance shows the necessity of carefully examining the <i>insides</i>
+of books, as well as the backs and title-pages, during the operation of
+cataloguing. Our public libraries are rich in instances of a similar
+oversight, and many an important and <i>recherché</i> work is unknown, or
+acquires a conventional rarity, through its concealment at the end of a
+less valuable, but more bulky, treatise.</p>
+
+<p>I have been aroused to the propriety of publishing this suggestion, by
+purchasing, "dog cheap", a volume labelled <i>Petrus Crinitus</i>, but
+containing <i>Hegesippus</i> (<i>i.e.</i> the pseudo-Ambrosian translation from
+Josephus) and the Latin grammarians at the end, all by the
+afore-mentioned printer.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> T<span class="smcap lowercase">HEODORE</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">LOIS</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">UCKLEY.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Virgil and Goldsmith.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The same beautiful thought is traceable in both
+Virgil and Goldsmith. In book iii. of the <i>Æneid</i>, lines 495-6. we read:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Vobis parta quies; nullum maris æquor arandum;</p>
+ <p>Arva neque Ausoniæ, <i>semper cedentia retro</i>,</p>
+ <p><i>Quærenda</i>."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">In the <i>Traveller</i> these lines occur:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"But me, not destined such delights to share,</p>
+ <p>My prime of life in wandering spent and care;</p>
+ <p>Impell'd, with steps unceasing, to pursue</p>
+ <p>Some fleeting good, that mocks me with the view;</p>
+ <p>That, like the circle bounding earth and skies,</p>
+ <p>Allures from far, yet, as I follow, flies &mdash;&mdash;"</p>
+
+</div>
+
+ <p class="right"> A<span class="smcap lowercase">LFRED</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">ATTY.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Mental Almanac</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., p. 203.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;<span class="smcap lowercase">MEM.</span> The additive number for this
+present November is 1. Hence next Wednesday is 4 + 1, that is, the 5th.
+The Sunday following, is 1 + 1 + 7, that is, the 9th. And similarly for
+any other day or week in this month.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> A. E. B</p>
+
+ <p class="left">Leeds, Nov. 1. 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Merlin and the Electric Telegraph.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;The following extract from the
+prophecy of Merlin in Geoffrey of Monmouth's <i>British History</i>, book
+vii. ch. 4., reads rather curiously in these days of railways and of
+electric telegraph communication between France and England:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Eric shall hide his apples within it, and <i>shall make
+ subterraneous passages</i>. At that time <i>shall the stones speak</i>,
+ and the sea towards the Gallic Coast be contracted into a narrow
+ space. <i>On each bank shall one man hear another</i>, and the soil of
+ the isle shall be enlarged. The secrets of the deep shall be
+ revealed, and Gaul shall tremble for fear."</p>
+
+
+<p>I should like to be informed if there have ever been any detailed and
+systematic attempts made at interpreting the whole of this curious
+prophecy of Merlin's.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">W. F<span class="smcap lowercase">RASER.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Queries.</span>
+</h2>
+
+<h3><span>BISHOP BRAMHALL AND MILTON.</span></h3>
+
+<p>Perhaps I am convicting myself of the most benighted ignorance by asking
+some of your learned correspondents to elucidate for me a letter of
+Bramhall's, which I extract from his works. It was written to his son
+from Antwerp, and relates to the early years of our great Milton at
+Cambridge, dated:</p>
+
+
+
+ <p class="right1"> "Antwerpe, May. 9/19, 1654.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot"> "That lying abusive book [viz., the <i>Def. Pop. Ang.</i>] was written
+ by Milton himself, one who was sometime Bishopp Chappell's pupil
+ in Christ Church in Cambridge, but turned away by him, as he well
+ deserved to have been, out of the University, and out of the
+ society of men. If Salmasius his friends knew as much of him as
+ I, they would make him go near to hang himself. But I desire not
+ to wound the nation through his sides, yet I have written to him
+ long since about it roundly. It seems he desires not to touch
+ upon this subject."&mdash;<i>Works</i>, vol. i. p. 94, Oxford, 1842.</p>
+
+<p>That Milton was <i>rusticated</i> from Cambridge, and besides flogged by Dr.
+Chappell, there seems little reason to doubt, but it is equally clear
+that the punishment was only a temporary one, as he again went into
+residence, and took the degrees of bachelor and master of arts in due
+course. Whence, then, this sweeping accusation of the great and good
+Bramhall's, whose character is a sufficient safeguard that he at all
+events <i>believed</i> what he said? Aubrey relates the story of Milton's
+being whipped by Dr. Chappell, and afterwards being "transferred to the
+tuition of one Dr. Tovell, who dyed parson of Lutterworth."<a id="worth2"></a><a title="Go to footnote 2." href="#fn2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> Milton
+himself (<i>Elegiarum Liber, Eleg. I. ad Carolum Deodatum</i>) speaks of his
+residence in London, and alludes, rather gratefully, to his "exilium"
+from Cambridge, which he heartily disliked. He also alludes to his being
+flogged, as there seems a whole world of meaning in <i>Cæteraque</i>:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Nec duri libet usque minas perferre magistri,</p>
+ <p><i>Cæteraque ingenio non subeunda meo</i>.</p>
+ <p>Si sit hoc <i>exilium</i> patrios adiisse penates,</p>
+ <p>Et vacuum curis otia grata sequi,</p>
+ <p>Non ego vel <i>profugi</i> nomen, sortemve recuso,</p>
+ <p>Lætus et <i>exilii</i> conditione fruor."&mdash;Ver. 15. &amp;c.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn2"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#worth2" class="label">[2]</a> Dr. Warton
+ has given a long note on the word <i>Cæteraque</i> in
+his edition of Milton's <i>Poems</i>, 1791, p. 421. He suggests that probably
+"Dr. Tovell" should read "Dr. <i>Tovey</i>, parson of <i>Kegworth</i>, in
+Leicestershire."</p>
+
+<p class="noindent">We then get a short sketch of his employments and amusements in London;
+and his return to<a id="Page_342"></a> <span class="pagenum">[342]</span> Cambridge
+ is mentioned in the palinode to the
+last of his elegies:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Donec Socraticos umbrosa academia rivos</p>
+ <p>Præbuit, admissum dedocuitque jugum.</p>
+ <p>Protinus extinctis ex illo tempore flammis,</p>
+ <p>Cincta rigent multo pectora nostra gelu."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">Having now cleared my way in as brief a manner as possible, I must
+profess my utter disbelief in the enormities of Milton's life at
+Cambridge. He was certainly flogged, but then he was only eighteen years
+old at the time, and we know that flogging was permitted by the statutes
+of many colleges, and was a favorite recreation amongst the deans,
+tutors, and censors of the day. Bramhall's letter has indeed been a
+marvellous stumbling-block in my way, ever since the appearance of the
+last edition of his works; but I do hope that some of your learned
+correspondents will dispel the clouds and shadows that surround me, and
+prove that, at all events, Milton was not worse than his neighbours.</p>
+
+<p>Dr. South and Cowley were never flogged at college, but certainly they
+were often flogged at school, or they could not speak so feelingly on
+the subject:</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">"Those 'plagosi Orbilii' (writes South), those executioners,
+ rather than instructors of youth; persons fitted to lay about
+ them in a coach or cart, or to discipline boys before a Spartan
+ altar, or rather upon it, than to have anything to do in a
+ Christian school. I would give these pedagogical <i>Jehus</i>, those
+ furious school-drivers, the same advice which the poet says
+ Ph&oelig;bus gave his son Phaëton (just such another driver as
+ themselves), that he should <i>parcere stimulis</i> (the stimulus in
+ driving being of the same use formerly that the lash is now).
+ Stripes and blows are the last and basest remedy, and scarce ever
+ fit to be used but upon such as carry their brains in their
+ backs, and have souls so dull and stupid as to serve for little
+ else but to keep their bodies from putrefaction."&mdash;<i>Sermon upon
+ Proverbs, xxii. 6.</i></p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">And Cowley, in describing the <i>Betula</i> (Angl. birch-tree), how he does
+paint from nature!</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Mollis et alba cutim, formosam vertice fundens</p>
+ <p>Cæsariem, sed mens tetrica est, sed nulla nec arbor</p>
+ <p>Nec fera sylvarum crudelior incolit umbras:</p>
+ <p>Nam simul atque urbes concessum intrare domosque</p>
+ <p>Plagosum <i>Orbilium</i> sævumque imitata <i>Draconem</i></p>
+ <p>Illa furit, non ulla viris delicta, nec ullum</p>
+ <p>Indulgens ludum pueris; inscribere membra</p>
+ <p>Discentum, teneroque rubescere sanguine gaudet."</p>
+
+ <p class="author"> <i>Plantarum</i>, lib. vi. pag. 323. Londini, 1668.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>That Milton's character was notorious or infamous at Cambridge has
+never, to my knowledge, been proved; and there is in his favour this
+most overwhelming testimony, that he never forfeited the esteem and
+friendship of the great and good. Was Sir Henry Wotton writing to a man
+of blighted and blasted reputation when he sent the kind and
+complimentary letter prefixed to <i>Comus</i>? In that he not merely
+eulogises the "Dorique delicacy" of Milton's songs and odes, but gives
+him much kind and considerate advice upon the course he was to pursue in
+his travels, as well as some introductions to his own friends, and
+promises to keep up a regular correspondence with him during his
+absence. Milton was very proud of this letter, and speaks of it in his
+<i>Defensio Secunda</i>. Again, Milton's associates at Cambridge must have
+known all about the misdemeanour (whatever it was) that caused his
+rustication, and yet they permitted him to take a part in, and perhaps
+to write the preface of, the ever memorable volume which contained the
+first edition of <i>Lycidas</i>.</p>
+
+<p>The person commemorated was Edward King, a Fellow of Christ's College,
+Cambridge (Milton's own college); and I need not adduce Milton's
+affecting allusions to their close and intimate friendship. It was for
+another of the <i>Fellows</i> of Christ's College that Milton at the age of
+nineteen (the very year after his rustication) wrote the academic
+exercise <i>Naturam non pati Senium</i>, found amongst his Latin poems. But I
+will omit a great many arguments of a similar kind, and ask this
+question, Why has Milton's college career escaped the lash of three of
+the most sarcastic of writers, Cleveland, Butler, and South, who were
+his contemporaries? Cleveland must have known him well, as he, as well
+as Milton, had contributed some memorial verses to King, and party
+feeling would perhaps have overcome collegiate associations. Nor could
+their mutual connexion with <i>Golden Grove</i> have saved him from the
+aspersions of Butler. After the Restoration, Richard Lord Vaughan, Earl
+of Carbery, appointed the author of <i>Hudibras</i> to the stewardship of
+Ludlow Castle; and his second wife was the Lady Alice Egerton, who, at
+the age of thirteen, had acted the Lady in Milton's <i>Comus</i>. It was to
+her likewise that Bishop Jeremy Taylor dedicated the third edition of
+the third part of the <i>Life of Christ</i>, as he had dedicated the first
+edition to Lord Carbery's former wife, whose funeral sermon he preached.
+I do not remember that Cleveland or Butler have on any occasion
+satirised Milton; but I do remember that Dr. South has done so, and I
+cannot understand his silence on the matter if Milton's private
+character had been notorious. Of course I do not believe the anonymous
+invective ascribed to a son of Bishop Hall's. Dr. South was not the man
+to "mince matters," and yet Milton's college life has escaped his
+sarcasms. What his opinion of Milton was we may learn from his sermon
+preached before King Charles II. upon Judges xix. 30.</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"The Latin advocate (Mr. Milton) who, like a blind adder, has
+ spit so much poison upon the king's person and cause," &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "In præfat. ad defensionem pro populo Anglicano (as his Latin
+ is)."&mdash;Vol. ii. pp. 201-2. Dublin, 1720. fol.<a id="Page_343"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[343]</span></p>
+
+<p>Any one who can help me out of my difficulty will much oblige me, as
+Bramhall's letter is a painful mystery, and truth of any kind is always
+less distressing than vague and shadowy surmises.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">R<span class="smcap lowercase">T.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">Warmington, Oct. 16, 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE SEMPILLS OF BELTRUS: ROBERT SEMPILL.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>Some few months ago there was published in Edinburgh the first collected
+and only complete edition of the <i>Poems</i> by the three brothers "Sir
+James, Robert, and Francis Sempill of Beltrus," better known as the
+authors of "The Pack-Man's Paternoster; or, a Picktooth for the Pope,"
+"The Life and Death of Habbie Simson, Piper of Kilbarchum," "The
+Blythsome Wedding," "Maggie Lauder," &amp;c., with biographical notices of
+their lives. I am now anxious to know if any of your numerous
+correspondents can inform me if copies of the original editions of the
+<i>Poems</i> by "Robert Sempill" can be procured, or if they are in any of
+the public or private libraries in England? The following are what I am
+in quest of, viz.:</p>
+
+<p>1. <i>The Regentis Tragedie</i>, 1570.</p>
+
+<p>2. <i>The Bischoppis Lyfe and Testament</i>, 1571.</p>
+
+<p>3. <i>My Lorde Methwenis Tragedie</i>, 1572.</p>
+
+<p>4. <i>The Sege of the Castel of Edinburgh</i>, 1573.</p>
+
+<p>Also where any notice as to his family, life, and character can be
+found.</p>
+
+<p>A collection of Sempill's <i>Poems</i>, with some authentic account of the
+author, is certainly a desideratum in Scottish literature.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> T. G. S.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Edinburgh, Oct. 18. 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>DESCENDANTS OF JOHN OF GAUNT.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>John of Gaunt, by his third wife Katharine Swynford, left four children,
+born before his marriage with her, but legitimated by act of parliament.
+Of these the eldest is thus mentioned in Burke's "Introduction" to the
+<i>Peerage</i>, p. xxi.:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "John de Beaufort, <i>Marquess</i> of Somerset and Dorset, who married
+ Margaret, daughter of Thomas Holland, Earl of Kent, and had a son
+ John, <i>Duke</i> of Somerset, whose <i>only daughter and heir</i>,
+ Margaret, married Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, and was mother
+ of Henry VII."</p>
+
+
+<p>Query, Was Margaret "only child," as well as only daughter of John Duke
+of Somerset? or was she not sister to Henry, Edmund, and John,
+successively Dukes of Somerset? (See Burke's <i>Peerage</i>, "Duke of
+Beaufort.")</p>
+
+<p>In that case, after the death of this last-named Duke John issueless,
+she would become "sole heir," as she had always been "sole daughter," of
+Duke John the First.</p>
+
+<p>Or was she in fact <i>the daughter of this second and last Duke John</i>? At
+his death the male line of Lancaster became extinct; the royal branch
+having already failed at the death of Henry VI.</p>
+
+<p>There appears some little confusion in Burke's excellent work, as may be
+seen by comparing p. xxi. of the Introduction, &amp;c., with the genealogy
+of the Beaufort family.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">A. B.</p>
+
+ <p class="left">Clifton.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h3><span class="bla">Minor Queries.</span></h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>246. <i>Rocky Chasm near Gaëta: Earthquake at the Crucifixion.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Dr.
+Basire (who was archdeacon of Northumberland, prebendary of Durham, and
+chaplain to King Charles the Martyr and King Charles II.), in his
+account of a tour made by himself and companions in 1649, says:</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Wee landed to see Gaëta, a pleasant, strong, and very antient
+ citty. In it we saw some wonders, especially the thorow rupture
+ of a rocky mountain by an earthquake, which tradition sayes, and
+ Cardinal Baronius publishes to have happened at our Savior's
+ passion: a stupendous sight it is however, and well worth our
+ digression."&mdash;<i>Correspondence, &amp;c., of Basire</i>, edited by the
+ Rev. W. N. Darnell, p. 90.</p>
+
+<p>I cannot here consult Baronius, to see whether he gives any references,
+and should be very glad to be referred to any ancient historian who has
+noticed the event to which this remarkable chasm is attributed, and to
+know whether the tradition is preserved by any classical writer. I do
+not find the chasm in question described by any naturalist, or other
+traveller, whose writings I have been able to refer to. It is in a
+locality which abounds with indications of volcanic action. It is said
+that the Monte Somma was probably not distinct from the present cone of
+Vesuvius prior to the great eruption in <span class="smcap lowercase">A.D.</span> 79. In Dr. Daubeny's
+<i>Description of Active and Extinct Volcanos</i>, mention is made of an
+ancient town beneath the town of Sessa, where a chamber with antique
+frescoes and the remains of an amphitheatre were disinterred, of the
+overwhelming of which there is no record, nor is there even a tradition
+of any eruption having occurred near it in the memory of man.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> W. S. G.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Newcastle-upon-Tyne.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>247. <i>Cavalcade.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Your correspondent MR. W. H. H<span class="smcap lowercase">ESLEDEN</span>, in his
+description of "A Funeral in Hamburgh" (Vol. iv., p. 269.), has twice
+made use of the word <i>cavalcade</i> in reference to that which would
+otherwise appear to be a walking procession. He will oblige me (and I
+dare say others of your readers) by explaining whether the procession
+was really equestrian, or whether he has any authority for the
+application of the term to pedestrians. The use of the word cannot have
+been a mere oversight, since it is repeated. The relation in which it
+stands makes it very doubtful whether it can, by any possibility, be
+intended to describe a riding party. If, by any latitude, the word may
+be otherwise applied, an authority would<a id="Page_344"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[344]</span> be interesting. If it is
+an error, it certainly should not go uncorrected in
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>."</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> N<span class="smcap lowercase">OCAB.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Harley Street.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>248. <i>A Sept of Hibernians.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Is <i>sept</i> a word of Erse etymology; and,
+if not, of what other? Has it a specific sense; or is it a general
+equivalent to <i>clann</i> or <i>treubh</i>?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> A. N.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>249. <i>Yankee Doodle.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents explain the origin
+of this song, or state in what book a correct version of it can be
+found? Likewise, whether the tune is of older date than the song. To
+some these may appear trite questions; but I can assure you that I have
+been unable to obtain the information I require elsewhere, and my
+applications for the song at several music shops, when I was last in
+London, were unsuccessful.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> S<span class="smcap lowercase">AMPSON</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALKER.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Cambridge.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>250. <i>Seventeenth of November: Custom.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;When at school at Christ's
+Hospital, many years ago, a curious custom prevailed on the 17th
+November respecting which I had not then sufficient curiosity to
+inquire.</p>
+
+<p>Two or more boys would take one against whom they had any spite or
+grudge, and having lifted him by the arms and legs would bump him on the
+hard stones of the cloisters.</p>
+
+<p>I have often, since I left the school, wondered what could be the origin
+of this practice, and more especially as the day was recognised as
+having some connexion with Queen Elizabeth.</p>
+
+<p>In reading, "Sir Roger de Coverley" with notes by Willis, published in
+the <i>Traveller's Library</i>, I find at p. 134. what I consider a fair
+explanation. A full account is there given of the manner in which the
+citizens of London intended to celebrate, in 1711, the anniversary of
+Queen Elizabeth's accession on 17th November; some parts of which would
+almost seem to have been copied during the excitement against the papal
+bull in November 1850.</p>
+
+<p>I have little doubt that originally the unfortunate boy who had to
+endure the rude bumping by his schoolfellows was intended to represent
+the pope or one of his emissaries, and that those who inflicted the
+punishment were looked upon as good Protestants.</p>
+
+<p>Is there any other school where this day is celebrated; and if so, what
+particular custom prevails there?</p>
+
+<p>The boys always attended morning service at Christ Church on this day.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> F. B. R<span class="smcap lowercase">ELTON.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>251. <i>Chatter-box.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;The derivation of this word would seem very plain,
+and yet I have some doubts about it. I used to think that we called a
+person a "chatter-box" because he or she was, metaphorically speaking, a
+box full of chatter, as we should call another person a <i>bag-of-bones</i>.
+And this seemed confirmed by the German <i>plaudertasche</i>, or a
+<i>chatter-bag</i>, till I learnt from Wackernagel, <i>Glossar</i>, that in the
+Middle High German <i>Tasche</i> = <i>a woman</i>. (See under "Flattertasche.") I
+believe we meet with the word again in the epithet <i>Maultasche</i> applied
+to the celebrated Margaret Maultasche, the wife of Louis the Elder;
+<i>i.e.</i> Margaret, the woman with the large mouth. The word also occurs in
+the Danish <i>Taske</i> = <i>a girl</i>, <i>a wench</i>. Hence, I conclude that there
+is no doubt but that the German <i>plaudertasche</i> means a chattering
+woman. Has our <i>chatter-box</i> the same meaning&mdash;<i>i.e.</i> is there a word
+for <i>woman</i> or <i>female</i> in any of our ancient languages from which <i>box</i>
+might arise? The only word which occurs to me just now as confirming
+such a supposition is <i>buxom</i> ("to be bonere and buxom, in bedde and at
+borde." Ancient Matrimony Service), which is thus = <i>womanly</i>.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">J. M. (4)</p>
+
+ <p class="left">St. Mary Tavy, Tavistock.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>252. <i>Printing in 1449, and Shakspeare.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;As the <i>Esil</i> controversy
+seems now, if not settled, to be at least lulled, at the risk of
+stirring up another Shakspearean discussion, I venture to set down a
+passage in the <i>Second Part of Henry VI.</i>, which I have never yet seen
+satisfactorily explained. It is&mdash;</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Act IV. Scene 7.&mdash;<i>Cade.</i> ... Thou has most traitorously
+ corrupted the youth of the realm, in erecting a grammar-school;
+ and whereas, before, our forefathers had no other books but the
+ score and the tally, <i>thou hast caused printing to be used</i>; and
+ contrary to the king, his crown and dignity, <i>thou hast built a
+ paper-mill</i>."</p>
+
+<p>Is this a mere wilful anachronism on Shakspeare's part; or had "that
+misunderstood politician" Mr. John Cade any ground for this particular
+accusation against the Lord Treasurer Say? Perhaps some of your
+correspondents who have contributed the very interesting Notes on Caxton
+and Printing will elucidate the matter.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">W. F<span class="smcap lowercase">RASER.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>253. <i>Texts before Sermons.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;What is the origin of, and the authority
+for our present use of texts of Holy Scripture before sermons? In the
+Roman Catholic church the custom, I believe, is not the same. The
+homilies used in the Church of England have no texts. In the ancient
+Postils, was the gospel for the day again read from the pulpit, or were
+the hearers supposed to carry it in their minds? It is quite clear that
+texts are now in most cases merely the pegs whereon the sermon is hung,
+so to speak, and are not read as passages of Holy Scripture to be
+expounded to an audience ignorant of the meaning of the sacred volume.
+Perhaps this Query may draw forth some remarks on the subject.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> G. R. M.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>254. <i>Paradyse, Hell, Purgatory.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;Can any of your correspondents favour
+me with the history and uses of three Chambers or Houses in
+Westminster<a id="Page_345"></a> <span class="pagenum">[345]</span>
+Hall, which in the reigns of Henry VII. and VIII.
+bore these portentous names? The custody of them was evidently a source
+of profit; as there are several grants of it to "squires of the king's
+body" and others. (See <i>Rymer</i>, xii. 275., xiii. 34.; <i>Rot. Parl.</i> vi.
+372.)</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> <span title="[Greek: Ph.]">&#934;.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>255. <i>Dead Letter.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;"If the editor of
+'N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>' will accept
+an indirect suggestion, we should be glad if he, or some of his learned
+correspondents, would inform the public of the origin or antiquity of
+the popular saying by which a thing, under certain circumstances, is
+designated as a 'dead letter.'"</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [Being unwilling that the foregoing Query, which we have taken
+ from an admirable article on the Dead Letters of the Post Office,
+ which appeared in <i>The Times</i> of Tuesday last, should itself
+ become a <i>dead letter</i>, we have transferred it to our columns in
+ hopes that some of our learned correspondents will explain the
+ origin, and show the antiquity of the phrase by instances of its
+ earliest use. We do not believe that it is a Post Office
+ technicality transferred to the vocabulary of every-day life, but
+ that it is in some way connected with "the letter" that
+ "killeth."]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>256. <i>Dominus Bathurst, &amp;c.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Who was "Dominus Bathurst," a Commoner of
+Winchester in 1688? "Dominus Anvers" and "Dominus Modyford" occur in
+1694; who were they?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ACKENZIE</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALCOTT</span>, M.A.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>257. <i>Grammar Schools.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The Editor of the <i>Family Almanack</i> would be
+glad if any of the readers of the
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" could inform him
+whether the Grammar Schools founded in the following places are still
+open to scholars:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Neale's School, March, Cambridgeshire; Dilborne, Staffordshire; Kirton
+in Lindsay, Lincolnshire; Kirton in Holland, Lincolnshire; Nuneaton,
+Warwickshire; Pilkington School, Prestwich, Lancashire; Royston,
+Yorkshire; Bolton School, Scorton, Yorkshire; Lovel's School, Stickney,
+Lincolnshire; Stourbridge, Worcestershire; Tottenham, Middlesex.</p>
+
+<p>Any letter on the subject can be forwarded to the publisher, 377.
+Strand.</p>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>258. <i>Fermilodum.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;I have an antique metal seal in my possession, which
+is about two inches and a quarter in diameter, having on its exterior
+circle in small capitals
+<span class="smcap lowercase">SIGILLVM + CIVITATIS + FERMILODVM</span>. I wish to
+know if a place with such a seal could be called a <i>City</i>, and want a
+literal translation of it. My native town was originated by a monastic
+establishment, and several of the names of the streets have long puzzled
+the learned, such as <i>May-gate</i>, <i>Colorow</i> (Collicrow), <i>Pill</i> or Peel
+Muir: a place called the Rhodes is also in the vicinity. Would any of
+your antiquarian correspondents give derivations of those streets?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> H. E.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>259. <i>Lord Hungerford.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Who was the Lord Hungerford who was hanged and
+degraded (and for what crime?), and who is said in Defoe's <i>Tour</i> (cited
+in Southey's <i>Commonplace Book</i>, 4th series, p. 429.) to have had a toad
+put into his coat of arms? Where can such coat of arms be seen?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> J. R. R<span class="smcap lowercase">ELTON.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>260. <i>Consecration of Bishops in Sweden.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;As I see
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>"
+attracts notice in Sweden, may I ask whether any record exists of the
+consecration of Bothvidus Sermonis, who was appointed to the see of
+Strengness by King Gustavus Vasa in 1536?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> E. H. A.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Minor Queries Answered.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Effigy of a Pilgrim.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;There is in the parish church of
+Ashby-de-la-Zouch an effigy, which is very interesting from its extreme
+rarity; it is placed under a depressed arch in the north wall of the
+interior of the edifice, and consists of a recumbent figure of a pilgrim
+habited in a cloak and short boots, which lace in front with six holes
+just above the instep: his legs are bare, and so is his head, but his
+cockle hat lies under his right shoulder; his scrip, hanging from his
+right shoulder to his left side, is tolerably perfect; but his row of
+beads, suspended from his left shoulder to his right side, is mutilated,
+as is also his staff; the hands, which were probably raised in prayer,
+are gone; a collar of SS. hangs from his neck (will this be of any use
+to M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> E. F<span class="smcap lowercase">OSS</span>, Vol. iv., p. 147.?); the feet of the pilgrim rest
+against a curious looking animal, which is said to be a dog.</p>
+
+<p>Nothing is known as to whom the effigy represents, and I have not
+Nichols's <i>Leicestershire</i> by me, to see if he hazards an opinion on the
+subject. I shall feel much obliged by any of your numerous readers
+kindly informing me where other effigies of pilgrims are to be found,
+because if anything is known of them it may possibly help to elucidate
+this present case of obscurity.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">T<span class="smcap lowercase">HOS.</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">AURENCE.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Ashby-de-la-Zouch.</p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [Nichols, in his <i>Leicestershire</i>, vol. iii. p 623., has given
+ some account of this effigy from Carter and Burton, together with
+ two sketches of the monument. Carter says, "There is no tradition
+ to determine whom this figure represents; but Mr. Gough thinks
+ that it was some person of authority, perhaps a keeper of the
+ castle, or a bailiff of the town." This monument had been noticed
+ by Mr. Burton, subsequent to the publication of his <i>History</i>;
+ for in the margin of his volume is this MS. note, and a slight
+ sketch of the tomb, when the scrip and staff were more perfect
+ than they are at present:&mdash;"On the north side of the church, near
+ to the great north door, lieth in the wall an ancient monument of
+ a Palmer in alabaster, which I guess to be of some of the family
+ of Zouch; which, for the expressing of the manner of the habit, I
+ caused to be cut and inserted." This sketch is also engraved in
+ plate lxxvi. of Nichols's <i>Leicestershire</i>.]<a id="Page_346"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[346]</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span>"<i>Modern Universal History.</i>"</span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;At the conclusion of the preface of this
+History, in vol. xvi. of the first edition, it is stated, "this work is
+illustrated by the most complete set of maps that modern geography
+furnishes." My copy is a very fine one, but I do not find any maps
+whatever in it. Can any of your readers inform me whether such maps
+exist; and if so, in what volumes, and at what pages, they ought to be?
+Are they to be obtained separately?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">S. Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UARTO.</span></p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">[The maps and charts, thirty-seven in number, to the <i>Modern</i>
+ part of the <i>Universal History</i>, were published separately, in
+ folio, 1766: the volume and page where they are to be inserted
+ are given on each plate.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Origin of Evil.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Where shall I find this problem fully discussed?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> A. A. D.</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">[In Abp. King's <i>Essay on the Origin of Evil</i>, translated by
+ Bishop Law, which has passed through several editions.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Nolo Episcopari.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Why is this phrase applied to a <i>feigned reluctance</i>
+in accepting an offer?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">A. A. D.</p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [From a note in Blackstone's <i>Commentaries</i>, vol. i. p. 380.,
+ edit. Christian, we learn that "it is a prevailing vulgar error,
+ that every bishop, before he accepts the bishoprick which is
+ offered him, affects a maiden coyness, and answers <i>Nolo
+ episcopari</i>. The origin of these words and the notion I have not
+ been able to discover; the bishops certainly give no such refusal
+ at present, and I am inclined to think they never did at any time
+ in this country."]</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Authors of the Homilies.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Presuming that the authors of the Church
+Homilies are well known, their writings having been adopted by our
+church, and set forth and enjoined by authority to be read in all
+churches, I fear I am only showing great ignorance by asking where I can
+meet with a list of the writers of those discourses, distinguishing
+which of the Homilies were written by each author; and if the writers of
+some of them be unknown, then I should be glad to have the names of such
+as are known, and the particular Homilies which were written by them.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> G. R. C.</p>
+
+
+
+ <p class="blockquot">[Carwithen, in his <i>History of the Church of England</i>, vol. i. p.
+ 221. note <i>g</i>, speaking of the first book of Homilies, says,
+ "These Homilies were the work of Cranmer, Ridley, Latimer,
+ Hopkins, and Becon, one of Cranmer's chaplains. There is little
+ but internal evidence by which the author of any particular
+ Homily can be ascertained. The Homily 'Of the Salvation of
+ Mankind,' being the third as they are now placed, was ascribed by
+ Gardiner to Cranmer; and Cranmer never denied that it was his.
+ The eleventh, in three parts, is by Becon; and it is printed
+ among his works published by himself in three volumes folio. It
+ is in the second volume." Consult also Le Bas' <i>Life of Cranmer</i>,
+ vol. i. p. 284., and Soames' <i>Hist. of the Reformation</i>, vol.
+ iii. p. 56.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Family of Hotham of Yorkshire.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;The family of Hotham, or Hothum, of
+Boudeby in Yorkshire, acquired large possessions in Kilkenny at an early
+period, apparently in consequence of an intermarriage with the Le
+Despencers, lords of a third of the liberty of Kilkenny. Can any reader
+of "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" supply me with a pedigree of that family,
+especially as connecting therewith Sir John Hotham, Bishop of Ossory,
+1779-1782? Any particulars respecting the life of that prelate will also
+be thankfully acknowledged: he is said to have been a member of an old
+Yorkshire family. (Cotton's <i>Fasti Ecclesiæ Hibernicæ</i>, vol. ii. p.
+288.)</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> J<span class="smcap lowercase">AMES</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">RAVES.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Kilkenny, Oct. 11. 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [There are several references to the Hotham family in Sims'
+ <i>Index to all the Pedigrees and Arms in the Heralds' Visitations
+ and other Genealogical MSS. in the British Museum</i>, under
+ Yorkshire. Granger (<i>Biographical Hist.</i>, vol. ii. p. 217.) has
+ given a short account of Sir John Hotham, Governor of Hull
+ <i>temp.</i> Charles I. See also <i>Gentleman's Mag.</i>, vol. lxiv. p.
+ 182., for a notice of Sir Charles; and vol. lxviii. p. 633. for
+ an account of the death of Lady Dorothy Hotham.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Vogelweide.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;What authority has Longfellow for his legend of <i>Walter
+of the Bird Meadow</i>? I find this epitaph given as his in Hone:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Pascua qui volucrum vivus, Walthere, fuisti,</p>
+ <p>Qui flos eloquii, qui Palladis os, obiisti!</p>
+ <p>Ergo quod aureolam probitas tua possit habere,</p>
+ <p>Qui legit, hic dicat&mdash;'Deus istius miserere!'"</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Has Julius Mosen's <i>Legend of the Crossbill</i>, translated by Longfellow,
+any more ancient foundation?</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ORTIMER</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OLLINS.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">[The epitaph, and a very interesting sketch of the life of
+ <i>Walter Vogelweide</i>, with some ably translated specimens of his
+ poetical compositions, will be found in the late Edgar Taylor's
+ <i>Lays of the Minnisingers</i>, 8vo. London, 1825.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Meaning of Skeatta.</i></span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;What is a silver Skeatta? See <i>Gent. Mag.</i>, May,
+1851, p. 537.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">J. R. R<span class="smcap lowercase">ELTON.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">[Mr. Akerman, in his very useful <i>Numismatic Manual</i>, p. 227.,
+ says, "The word <i>sceatta</i> is by some derived from <i>sceat</i>, a
+ <i>part</i> or <i>portion</i>. Professor White, in a paper read to the
+ Ashmolean Society, remarks, that it is of M&oelig;so-Gothic origin,
+ <i>scatt</i> signifying in the Gospels of Uphilas a <i>pound</i>, a
+ <i>penny</i>, and, indeed, money in general." Ruding observes that,
+ "Whatever might have been the precise value of the <i>sceatta</i>, it
+ was undoubtedly the smallest coin known among the Saxons at the
+ latter end of the seventh century, as appears from its forming
+ part of a proverb: Ne sceat ne scilling, <i>From the least to the
+ greatest</i>."]</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Replies.</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>MARRIAGE OF ECCLESIASTICS.<br />
+(Vol. iv. pp. 57. 125. 193. 196. 298.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>Your general readers have reason to be as much obliged as myself to your
+correspondents C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span>
+and<a id="Page_347"></a> <span class="pagenum">[347]</span> K. S. for the information contained in
+the former's criticisms, and the latter's addition to what you had
+inserted in my name on the subject of clerical marriages.</p>
+
+<p>C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> is very fair, for he does not find fault with other persons'
+versions of the first part of Heb. xiii. 4. without giving his own
+version to be compared; and he states the ground of his criticisms on my
+reference to it. He has kindly told your readers, what they might have
+conjectured from the Italics in our authorized version, that in
+rendering
+<span title="[Greek: Timios ho gamos en pasi]">&#932;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962; &#8001; &#947;&#8049;&#956;&#959;&#962; &#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span>,
+"Marriage <i>is</i> honourable in
+all," they inserted <i>is</i>; and to show your readers an example of keeping
+closer to the original, he himself renders it as follows: "Let (the laws
+of) marriage be revered in all <i>things</i>, and the marriage bed be
+undefiled."</p>
+
+<p>Then comes his exposure of my unhappy mistake:
+"H. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER</span> mistakes the
+adjective <i>feminine</i>
+<span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> as meaning <i>all men</i>." Really, had
+I known that
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> was an adjective feminine, I could scarcely
+have fallen into the mistake of supposing it to mean <i>all men</i>. But many
+of your readers will be likely to feel some sympathy for my error, while
+they learn from
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> that the ordinary Greek grammars, in which they
+can have proceeded but a very few pages before they read and were called
+upon to repeat the cases of
+<span title="[Greek: pas, pasa, pan]">&#960;&#945;&#962;, &#960;&#945;&#963;&#945;, &#960;&#945;&#957;</span>, were quite wrong in
+teaching us that though
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> might be either masculine or
+neuter, it must not be taken for a feminine form. But before we correct
+this error in one of the first pages of our grammar, I presume that we
+should all like to know from what recondite source
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> has discovered
+that
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#945;&#963;&#953;</span>, and not
+<span title="[Greek: pasais]">&#960;&#945;&#963;&#945;&#953;&#962;</span>, is the feminine form of
+this constantly-recurring adjective.</p>
+
+<p>But farther, p. 193. will show that I did not give him a right to assume
+that I should construe
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#945;&#963;&#953;</span> "all <i>men</i>." For under my
+<i>mistaken</i> view of its being masculine, I thought the weaker sex was
+included; and being myself a married man, I knew that marriage
+comprehends women as well as men.</p>
+
+<p>But there is still more to be learnt from the criticisms of
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span>,
+which the learned world never knew before. For, having told us that
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> is an adjective feminine, he adds, "it signifies here <i>in
+all things</i>;" whereas the grammars have long taught that <i>things</i> must
+not be understood unless the adjective be neuter. Perhaps he had better
+concede that the grammars have not been wrong in allowing that
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> may be neuter; and then, as we know that it is also masculine, and
+he knows it to be feminine, it must be admitted to be of all genders,
+and so young learners will be spared all the trouble of distinguishing
+between them. If it be admitted that
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> is neuter here, it
+may signify <i>all things</i>.</p>
+
+<p>My other mistake, he says, has been that of not perceiving that the
+imperative <i>let</i> should be supplied, instead of the indicative <i>be</i>.
+This must be allowed to be open to debate; but as the proper meaning of
+<span title="[Greek: timios]">&#964;&#8055;&#956;&#953;&#959;&#962;</span> is "to be esteemed honourable," "had in reputation"
+(Acts v. 34.), will it be a mistake to say, that the primitive
+Christians would properly respect marriage, in their clergy as well as
+in others, on the ground of the Scriptures saying, "Let marriage be
+esteemed honourably in every respect?" Could they properly want ground
+for allowing it to the clergy, when they could also read 1 Tim. iii. 2.
+11., and Titus i. 6.? As
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> quotes the Vulgate for authority in
+favour of <i>enim</i> in the next clause, he might have told your readers to
+respect its authority in rendering the first clause, "Honorabile
+connubium in omnibus." And if he has no new rules for correcting Syriac
+as well as Greek, that very ancient version, though the gender of the
+adjective be ambiguous in the equivalent to
+<span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span>, renders the
+next clause, "and <i>their</i> couch <i>is</i> pure," showing that <i>persons</i> were
+understood.</p>
+
+<p>Next comes K. S., who tells your readers that Whiston quotes the
+well-known <i>Doctor</i> Wall for evidence as to the prohibition of second
+marriages among the Greek clergy, before the Council of Nice. I should
+like to know something of this <i>well-known Doctor</i>. There was a
+well-known Mr. Wall, who wrote on baptism; and there was a Don Ricardo
+Wall, a Spanish minister of state, well known in his day, and there was
+a Governor Wall, too well known from his being hanged; but I cannot find
+that any of these was a Doctor, so as to be the well-known Doctor Wall,
+whose "authority no one would willingly undervalue," (p. 299.) As for
+poor Whiston, his name was well known too, as a bye-word for a person
+somewhat crazy, when he quitted those mathematical studies which
+compelled him to fix his mind on his subject with steadiness whilst
+pursuing them. K. S. has told us that he terms "the <i>Apostolic
+Constitutions</i> the most sacred of the canonical books of the New
+Testament." Such an opinion is quite enough as a test of Whiston's power
+of judging in such questions. After much discussion, the most learned of
+modern investigators assigns the compilation of the first six books of
+those <i>Constitutions</i> to the end of the third century, and the eighth to
+the middle of the fourth.</p>
+
+<p>In the remarks to which C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> has thus adverted, I gave some evidence
+of marriages among ecclesiastics, at later dates than your correspondent
+supposes such to have been allowed. Can he disprove that evidence? (See
+Vol. iv., p. 194.)</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">H<span class="smcap lowercase">ENRY</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER.</span></p>
+
+
+<p>Your correspondent CEPHAS attacks the authorised version of Heb. xiii.
+4., and favours your readers with another. I venture to offer a few
+remarks on both these points.</p>
+
+<p>I. He thinks&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "The authors of the authorised version advisedly<a id="Page_348"></a> <span class="pagenum">[348]</span> inserted
+ <i>is</i> instead of <i>let</i>, to forward their own new (?) doctrines."</p>
+
+
+<p>Doubtless whatever the translators did was done "<i>advisedly</i>;" but what
+proof has C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> that they adopted the present version <i>merely</i> to serve
+their own "interest?" Some verb <i>must</i> be supplied, and either form will
+suit the passage. It is true that Hammond prefers <i>let</i> to <i>is</i>, but
+there is as great authority on the other side.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">1. St. Chrysostom:</p>
+
+
+ <p class="blockquot"> "<i>For marriage is honourable, and the bed undefiled</i>: why art
+ thou ashamed of the honourable; why blushest thou at the
+ undefiled?"&mdash;<i>Hom. XII.</i> (Colos. vi.) Oxf. Trans., vol. xiv. p.
+ 330.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "<i>For marriage is honourable.</i>"&mdash;<i>Hom. X.</i> (1 Tim. i.), Oxf.
+ Trans., vol. xii. p. 77.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">"And this I say, not as accusing marriage; <i>for it is
+ honourable</i>: but those who have used it amiss."&mdash;<i>Hom. IX.</i> (2
+ Corin. iii.), Oxf. T., vol. xxvii. p. 120.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "And the blessed Paul says, '<i>Marriage is honourable in all, and
+ the bed undefiled</i>;' but he has nowhere said, that the care of
+ riches is honourable, but the reverse."&mdash;<i>Hom. V.</i> (Tit. ii.),
+ Oxf. T., vol. xii. p. 313.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Thus marriage is accounted an honourable thing both by us and by
+ those without; and <i>it is honourable</i>."&mdash;<i>Hom. XII.</i> (1 Cor.
+ ii.), Oxf. T., vol. iv. p. 160.</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">2. St. Augustine:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Hear what God saith; not what thine own mind, in indulgence to
+ thine own sins, may say, or what thy friend, thine enemy rather
+ and his own too, bound in the same bond of iniquity with thee,
+ may say. Hear then what the Apostle saith: '<i>Marriage is
+ honourable in all, and the bed undefiled. But whoremongers and
+ adulterers God will judge.</i>'"&mdash;<i>Hom. on N.T.</i>, Serm. xxxii. [82
+ B], Oxf. T., vol. xvi. p. 263.</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot"> "'<i>Honourable, therefore, is marriage in all</i>, [he had just
+ before been speaking of married persons] <i>and the bed
+ undefiled.</i>' And this we do not so call a good, as that it is a
+ good in comparison of fornication," &amp;c.&mdash;<i>Short Treat. de Bono
+ Conjug.</i>, Oxf. T., vol. xxii. p. 283.</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">3. St. Jerome, to whose authority perhaps C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> will sooner bow on a
+version of Holy Scripture than to Hammond's:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Illi scriptum est: 'Honorabiles nuptiæ, et cubile immaculatum:'
+ Tibi legitur, 'Fornicatores <i>autem</i> et adulteros judicabit
+ Deus.'"&mdash;69. <i>Epist. ad Ocean. Hier. Op.</i>, vol. i. f. 325.
+ Basileæ. Ed. Erasm. 1526.</p>
+
+
+<p>In all these passages the words are quoted <i>affirmatively</i>, as is
+evident from the context; and it seems more likely, as well as more
+charitable, to believe that our translators were induced to adopt the
+present version in deference to such authorities, than to impute to them
+paltry motives of party purposes, which at the same time they have
+themselves taken the surest means to get exposed, by printing the
+inserted word in Italics. Can C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> adduce any Father who quotes the
+text as he would read it, in the imperative mood, and with the sense of
+"all things," not "all persons?" There may be such, but they require to
+be alleged in the face of positive and adverse testimony. It is evident
+that the mere substitution of <span title="[Greek: estô]">&#7956;&#963;&#964;&#969;</span> for
+ <span title="[Greek: esti]">&#7952;&#963;&#964;&#953;</span>, without
+an entire change of the rest of the passage, will make no difference;
+for that which was an assertion before will then have become a command.</p>
+
+<p>II. C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> proposes another version, and observes,
+ "H. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER</span> mistakes
+the adjective feminine <span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> as meaning 'all men,' whereas it
+signifies here 'in all things.'" Probably this is the first time that
+MR. H. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER</span> and your other readers ever heard that
+<span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span>
+was a <i>feminine</i> adjective. Your learned critic must surely have either
+forgotten his Greek grammar, in his haste to correct the translators of
+the Bible, or else is not strong in the genders; for he has unluckily
+hit upon the very gender which <span title="[Greek: pasi]">&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> cannot be, by any
+possibility. But let it pass for a "lapsus memoriæ." However, he
+supports his version of "all things" by one other passage, 2 Cor. xi.
+6., where yet it <i>may</i> be translated, as Hammond himself does in the
+margin, "among all men" (cf. v. 8.): and I will offer him one other:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"><span title="[Greek: hina en pasi doxazêtai ho Theos dia Iêsou Christou]">&#7989;&#957;&#945;
+ &#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;
+ &#948;&#959;&#958;&#8049;&#950;&#951;&#964;&#945;&#953;
+ &#8001; &#920;&#949;&#8056;&#962; &#948;&#953;&#8048;
+ &#7992;&#951;&#963;&#959;&#8166;
+ &#935;&#961;&#953;&#963;&#964;&#959;&#8166;</span>&mdash;.1 Pet. iv. 11.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [Scil. <span title="[Greek: charismasin]">&#967;&#945;&#961;&#8055;&#963;&#956;&#945;&#963;&#953;&#957;</span>.]</p>
+
+
+<p>But does C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span> mean to say that
+<span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> is <i>always</i> to be thus
+rendered, when found without a substantive? Here are five passages from
+St. Paul's Epistles, in which, with one possible exception, it
+<i>evidently</i> means "persons," not "things."</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">1. <span title="[Greek: ho de autos esti Theos, ho energôn ta
+ panta en pasin.]">&#8001; &#948;&#8050; &#945;&#8016;&#964;&#8057;&#962;
+ &#7952;&#963;&#964;&#953; &#920;&#949;&#8056;&#962;, &#8001;
+ &#7952;&#957;&#949;&#961;&#947;&#8182;&#957; &#964;&#8048;
+ &#960;&#8049;&#957;&#964;&#945; &#7952;&#957;
+ &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;&#957;.</span>&mdash;1 Cor. xii. 6.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> 2. <span title="[Greek: hina ê ho Theos ta panta en
+ pasin.]">&#7989;&#957;&#945; &#8086; &#8001; &#920;&#949;&#8056;&#962; &#964;&#8048;
+ &#960;&#8049;&#957;&#964;&#945; &#7952;&#957;
+ &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;&#957;.</span>&mdash;1 Cor. xv. 28.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">3. <span title="[Greek: barbaros, Skythês, doulos, eleutheros, alla ta
+ panta kai en pasi Christos.]">&#946;&#8049;&#961;&#946;&#945;&#961;&#959;&#962;,
+ &#931;&#954;&#8059;&#952;&#951;&#962;, &#948;&#959;&#8166;&#955;&#959;&#962;,
+ &#7952;&#955;&#949;&#8059;&#952;&#949;&#961;&#959;&#962;, &#7936;&#955;&#955;&#8048;
+ &#964;&#8048; &#960;&#8049;&#957;&#964;&#945;
+ &#954;&#945;&#8054; &#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;
+ &#935;&#961;&#953;&#963;&#964;&#8057;&#962;.</span>&mdash;Col. iii. 11.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">4. <span title="[Greek: tauta meleta, en toutois isthi; hina sou hê
+ prokopê phanera ê en pasin.]">&#964;&#945;&#8166;&#964;&#945;
+ &#956;&#949;&#955;&#8051;&#964;&#945;,
+ &#7952;&#957; &#964;&#959;&#8059;&#964;&#959;&#953;&#962; &#7988;&#963;&#952;&#953;&#903;
+ &#7989;&#957;&#945; &#963;&#959;&#8166; &#7969; &#960;&#961;&#959;&#954;&#959;&#960;&#8052;
+ &#966;&#945;&#957;&#949;&#961;&#8048; &#8086; &#7952;&#957;
+ &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;&#957;.</span>&mdash;1 Tim. iv. 15.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> 5. <span title="[Greek: all' ouk en
+pasin hê gnôsis.]">&#7936;&#955;&#955;'
+&#959;&#8016;&#954; &#7952;&#957;
+&#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;&#957;
+&#7969; &#947;&#957;&#8182;&#963;&#953;&#962;.</span>&mdash;1 Cor. viii. 7.</p>
+
+
+<p>Upon the whole, then, I imagine that if any one will take the trouble to
+compare the passages above cited, and others in which the phrase
+<span title="[Greek: en pasi]">&#7952;&#957; &#960;&#8118;&#963;&#953;</span> is used, he will find that <i>generally</i> it refers to "persons,"
+and requires to be limited by the context before it bears the sense of
+"<i>things</i>:"&mdash;in other words, that the former meaning is to be considered
+the rule, the latter the exception.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> E. A. D.</p>
+
+
+<p>Is not this somewhat dangerous ground for
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" to venture
+upon, bearing in mind "the depths profound" of disputatious polemics by
+which it is bounded? As, however, A. B. C. has, to a certain extent, led
+you forward, it were well for you to offer a more sufficient direction
+to the intricacies of the way, than can be found in the only
+half-informed "Replies" which have hitherto been given to his inquiry.
+This is the more necessary, as we now are accustomed to<a id="Page_349"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[349]</span> turn to
+you for the resolution of many of our doubts; and, under these
+circumstances, it were better that you spake not at all, than that your
+language be incomplete or uncertain. But the present question, from the
+very nature of the case, is involved in some difficulty; and, to set
+about the proof of individual instances of the non-celibate <i>as a rule</i>
+of the bishops of the primitive Church, or to discuss probabilities,
+which have already formed the subject of much
+<span title="[Greek: paradiatribê]">&#960;&#945;&#961;&#945;&#948;&#953;&#945;&#964;&#961;&#953;&#946;&#8053;</span>,
+would fill more of your pages than you would be ready to devote to such
+a purpose. It would best then subserve the intentions of your
+publication, upon such a matter as the present, to direct the attention
+of your correspondents to accredited sources of information, and leave
+them to work out the results for themselves. Voluminous are these
+authorities, but it will be found that the following contain the entire
+subject in dispute, as presented by the combatants on both sides;
+namely, <i>The Defense of the Apologie</i>, edit. fol. 1571, pp. 194-231,
+540-545.; Wharton's <i>Treatise of the Celibacy of the Clergy</i>, in
+Gibson's <i>Preservative against Popery</i>, fol. 1738, vol. i. pp. 278-339.;
+and Preby. Payne's <i>Texts Examin'd</i>, &amp;c., in <i>the same</i>, pp. 340-359.
+Previously, however, to commencing the study of these authorities, I
+would recommend a perusal of the statement made by Messrs. Berington and
+Kirk, on the celibacy of the clergy, in <i>The Faith of Catholics</i>, &amp;c.,
+edit. 1830, p. 384.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OWGILL.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">[C<span class="smcap lowercase">OWGILL</span> is right: the question of the Marriage of Ecclesiastics
+ is not calculated for our pages. But our correspondent
+C<span class="smcap lowercase">EPHAS</span>
+ having impugned the scholarship of H. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER</span>, and the honesty of
+ the translators of the authorized version, justice required that
+ we should insert MR. W<span class="smcap lowercase">ALTER'S</span> answer, and one of the many replies
+ we have received in defence of the translators. With these, and
+ C<span class="smcap lowercase">OWGILL'S</span> references to authorities which may be consulted upon
+ the question, the discussion in our columns must terminate.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>LORD STRAFFORD AND ARCHBISHOP USSHER.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 290.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>The question raised by P<span class="smcap lowercase">EREGRINUS</span> is one of interest, which a comparison
+of original and trustworthy writers enables us soon to settle. It is no
+vulgar calumny which implicates Ussher in the advice which induced
+Charles I. to consent to the murder of Lord Strafford; and though it
+seems not unlikely that from timidity Ussher avoided giving any advice,
+but allowed it to be inferred that he coincided in the counsel of
+Williams; after weighing the evidence on this subject it is, to say the
+least, impossible for us to believe for an instant that he acted in the
+same noble manner as Bishop Juxon. Thus far is clear, that Bishop Juxon,
+knowing that the king was satisfied of the innocence of Lord Strafford,
+besought him to refuse to allow of the execution, and to "trust God with
+the rest." Neither is it denied that Bishops Williams, Potter, and
+Morton advised the king to assent to the bill of attainder, on the
+ground that he was only assenting to the deeds of others, and was not
+himself acting responsibly. And assuredly the same evidence which
+carries us thus far, will not allow of our supposing that Ussher joined
+with Juxon, though, as I have said before, he may, when summoned, have
+avoided giving any advice. The facts seem simply these: when it was
+known that the king, satisfied of the innocence of Lord Strafford,
+hesitated about affixing his signature to the bill, or granting a
+commission to others to do so, the London rabble, lord mayor, and
+prentice lads were next called up, and the safety of the royal family
+menaced. This led to the queen's solicitation, that Charles would regard
+the lives of his family and sacrifice Strafford. Still the king could
+not be moved. He had scruples of conscience, as well he might. This the
+peers knowing, they <i>selected</i> four bishops who should satisfy these
+scruples: the four thus selected were Ussher, Williams, Morton, and
+Potter. On Sunday morning, the 9th of May, the <i>four</i> should have
+proceeded to Whitehall: the <i>three</i> latter did so; but Ussher preferred
+the safer course of going and preaching at St. Paul's, Covent Garden,
+leaving to his brother bishops the task of distinguishing between the
+king's private conscience and his corporate one. The king, not satisfied
+to leave the matter in the hands of those specially selected to urge his
+consent, summoned the Privy Council. Juxon was present as Lord
+Treasurer, and gave that noble and truly Christian advice: "Sir, you
+know the judgment of your own conscience; I beseech you follow that, and
+trust God with the rest." Moved by this, and by his own conviction of
+Strafford's innocence, the king still refused assent; and it was needful
+to hold another meeting, which was done in the evening of the same day.
+As evening service had not been introduced into churches, Ussher was
+present at the palace, and by his silence acquiesced in the advice
+tendered by Bishop Williams. After the bill was signed, he broke silence
+in useless regrets. But it was then too late to benefit Strafford, and
+quite safe to utter his own opinions. In opposition to this, which rests
+upon indisputable evidence, and with which Ussher's own statement
+entirely accords, P<span class="smcap lowercase">EREGRINUS</span> adduces the fact that Ussher attended
+Strafford on the scaffold. But what does this prove? Merely that the
+faction which would not tolerate that Laud or Juxon should minister the
+last offices of the Church to their dying friend, did not object to
+Ussher's presence; and that Strafford, who could have known nothing of
+what had passed on Sunday in the interior of Whitehall, gladly accepted
+the consolations of religion from the hands of the timid Primate of all
+Ireland.<a id="Page_350"></a> <span class="pagenum">[350]</span></p>
+
+<p>The substance of what appears in Elrington's <i>Life of Ussher</i> had been
+long before stated by Dr. Thomas Smith in his <i>Vita Jacobi Usserii</i>,
+apud <i>Vitæ quorundam Erudit. et Illust. Virorum</i>; but if, in addition,
+P<span class="smcap lowercase">EREGRINUS</span> would consult May's <i>History of the Long Parliament</i>;
+Echard's <i>History of England</i>, bk. ii. ch. i.; Whitelocke's <i>Memorials</i>,
+p. 45.; Rushworth; Collier's <i>Ecclesiastical History</i>, t. ii. p. 801.;
+Dr. Knowler, in Preface to <i>The Earl of Strafford's Letters and
+Dispatches</i>; Dr. South, in <i>Sermon on Rom</i>. xi. 33.; and Sir George
+Radcliffe's Essay in Appendix to <i>Letters, &amp;c. of Lord Strafford</i>, t.
+ii. p. 432., I doubt not but that he will come to the conclusion that
+the above sketch is only consistent with stern fact.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> W. D<span class="smcap lowercase">N.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>SCULPTURED STONES IN THE NORTH OF SCOTLAND.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 86.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>A<span class="smcap lowercase">BERDONIENSIS</span> tells us that Mr. Chalmers, of Auldbar, had got drawings
+of the sculptured stone obelisks in Angus lithographed for the Bannatyne
+Club, and that the work had excited considerable interest, and that the
+Spalding Club of Aberdeen are now obtaining drawings of the stones of
+this description in the north of Scotland. Circulars from the Spalding
+Club desiring information had been sent to a large number of the clergy,
+to which answers had been received only from a small portion, and he
+desired further information. These monuments, he states, are not to be
+found south of the Forth, and I am told not further north than
+Sutherlandshire. It would be desirable to know what these sculptured
+obelisks and the sculptures on them are; if symbolical, of what, or what
+they serve to illustrate; the supposed race and date to which they are
+referable. What the Veronese antiquarians, Maffei and Bianchini, did
+from the nation's ancient remains to throw light on history, shows what
+may be done. In Orkney no sculptured stone, or stone with a runic
+inscription, has been noticed among its circles of standing stones, or
+single bantasteins; and though it is right to admit that attention has
+not been directed to seeking them, yet I do not believe they could have
+escaped observation had there been any such. The absence of runic stones
+in Orkney appears singular in a country certainly Scandinavian from its
+conquest by Harald Harfager, king of Norway, <span class="smcap lowercase">A.D.</span> 895 (or perhaps
+earlier), till its transfer to Scotland in 1468 in mortgage for a part
+of the marriage portion of the Danish princess who became the queen of
+James III. of Scotland by treaty between the countries of Denmark and
+Norway and Scotland. In Zetland Dr. Hibbert noticed a few ruins, and
+within these few days the peregrinations of the Spalding Club have
+brought to notice, in the Island of Bruray, a stone of runic state,
+having inscribed on it letters like runic characters, and sculptures in
+relief, but decayed. A drawing is being made of it, to satisfy
+antiquarian curiosity. It may merit notice that <i>no</i> runic stones have
+been found in Orkney, nor circles of standing stones in Zetland. The
+sculptures of classic antiquity have been made use of to elucidate
+history, and it is equally to be desired that those Scottish sculptured
+remains should, if possible, be rescued from what Sir Francis Palgrave
+calls the "speechless past," and made to tell their tale in illustration
+of the earlier period of Scottish or Caledonian story.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">W. H. F.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>ANAGRAMS.<br />
+(Vol. iv., pp. 226, 297.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>As anagrams have been admitted into your pages, perhaps the following,
+on the merits of your publication, may find a place.</p>
+
+<p>(1.) Every one will allow that
+ "N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span>" is <i>a
+Question-Sender</i>, and a very efficient one too.</p>
+
+<p>(2.) Always ready to furnish information, it says to all, <i>O send in a
+Request</i>.</p>
+
+<p>(3.) Its principles are loyal and constitutional, for its very name, in
+other words, is <i>Queens and Tories</i>.</p>
+
+<p>(4.) It is suited to all classes, for while it instructs the people, it
+<i>tires no sad queen</i>.</p>
+
+<p>(5.) It promotes peaceful studies so much that it <i>ends a queen's riot</i>.</p>
+
+<p>(6.) The new subscriber finds it so interesting that on his bookseller's
+asking if he wishes to continue it, he is sure to say, <i>No end as I
+request</i>.</p>
+
+<p>(7.) Lastly, its pages are only too absorbing; for I often observe
+(after dinner) my friend <i>A&mdash;n's nose quite red</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Hoping the editor, who must be accustomed, from the variety of his
+contributions, to (8) <i>stand queer noise</i>, will excuse this trifling, I
+beg to subscribe myself,</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">(9) D<span class="smcap lowercase">AN.</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">TONE</span>, E<span class="smcap lowercase">SQUIRE</span>.</p>
+
+
+<p>As some of your readers feel an interest in anagrams, I venture to make
+an additional contribution. Polemics apart, it will strike most persons
+as remarkably happy:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"But, holie father, I am certifyed</p>
+ <p>That they youre power and policye deride;</p>
+ <p>And how of you they make an anagram,</p>
+ <p>The best and bitterest that the wits could frame.</p>
+ <p> As thus:</p>
+ <p><i>Supremus Pontifex Romanus.</i></p>
+ <p>Annagramma:</p>
+ <p> <i>O non sum super petram fixus.</i>"</p>
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">It occurs in Taylor's <i>Suddaine Turne of Fortune's Wheele</i>, lately
+printed for private circulation, under the care of Mr. Halliwell.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> C. H.</p>
+
+
+<p>I am surprised not one of your correspondents has noticed the anagram by
+George Herbert on<a id="Page_351"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[351]</span> <i>Roma</i>. As it is a good specimen of what may be
+called "learned trifling" I subjoin a copy of it:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p class="i3"> "Roma dabit oram, Maro,</p>
+<p class="i3"> Ramo, armo, mora, et amor.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p class="i5">_____________</p>
+
+</div>
+
+ <div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Roma tuum nomen quam non pertransiit <i>Oram</i></p>
+<p class="i1">Cum Latium ferrent sæcula prisca jugum?</p>
+ <p>Non deerat vel fama tibi, vel carmina famæ,</p>
+<p class="i1">Unde <i>Maro</i> laudes duxit ad astra tuas.</p>
+ <p>At nunc exsucco similis tua gloria <i>Ramo</i></p>
+<p class="i1">A veteri trunco et nobilitate cadit.</p>
+ <p>Laus antiqua et honor perierunt, te velut <i>Armo</i></p>
+<p class="i1">Jam deturbârunt tempora longa suo.</p>
+ <p>Quin tibi jam desperatæ <i>Mora</i> nulla medetur;</p>
+<p class="i1">Qua Fabio quondam sub duce nata salus.</p>
+ <p>Hinc te olim gentes miratæ odêre vicissim;</p>
+<p class="i1">Et cum sublata laude recedit <i>Amor</i>."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+ <p class="right">H. C. K.</p>
+
+
+<p>Amongst George Herbert's <i>Poems</i> is an anagram, which I shall only
+allude to, as it is upon a sacred subject; and Fulke Greville, Lord
+Brooke, has left us a play upon his own name, which would scarcely
+satisfy the requirements of M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">REEN</span>. However, I am glad of any
+opportunity of referring to our great English Lucretius, and will
+transcribe it:&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Let no man aske my name,</p>
+ <p>Nor what else I should be;</p>
+ <p>For <i>Greiv-Ill</i>, paine, forlorne estate</p>
+ <p>Doe best decipher me."</p>
+
+ <p class="author">"Cælica," sonnet lxxxiii. <i>Works</i>, p. 233. Lond. 1633.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>To me the most satisfactory anagram in the English language is that by
+the witty satirist Cleveland upon Oliver Cromwell:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p><i>Protector. O Portet C. R.</i></p>
+
+<p class="author"> Cleveland's <i>Works</i>, p. 343. Lond. 1687.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+ <p class="right">R<span class="smcap lowercase">T.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">Warmington, Oct. 18. 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE LOCUSTS OF THE NEW TESTAMENT.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 255.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>The Romaic version of Matt. iv. 4. is almost verbally taken from the
+Greek, "<span title="[Greek: hê de trophê autou
+ên akrides kai meli agrion]">&#7969; &#948;&#8050; &#964;&#961;&#959;&#966;&#8052;
+ &#945;&#8016;&#964;&#959;&#8166;
+ &#7974;&#957; &#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;
+ &#954;&#945;&#8054; &#956;&#8051;&#955;&#953;
+ &#7940;&#947;&#961;&#953;&#959;&#957;</span>." In Mark
+i. 6., the expression is <span title="[Greek: esthiôn akridas]">&#7952;&#963;&#952;&#8055;&#969;&#957;
+ &#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#945;&#962;</span>. The only other place
+in the New Testament were the word <span title="[Greek: akris]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8054;&#962;</span> is found, is in Rev.
+ix. 3. 7., where it plainly means a locust.</p>
+
+<p>In the Septuagint version the word is commonly used for the Hebrew <span title="[Hebrew: &#700;arbeh]">&#1488;&#1463;&#1512;&#1456;&#1489;&#1468;&#1462;&#1492;</span>,
+locust, of the meaning of which there is no dispute; as in Exodus, x. 4.
+12, 13, 14.; Deut. xxviii. 38.; Joel, i. 4., ii. 25.; Ps. cv. 34., &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p>In other places the word <span title="[Greek: akris]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8054;&#962;</span> in the Septuagint corresponds to
+<span title="[Hebrew: châgab]">&#1495;&#1464;&#1490;&#1463;&#1489;</span>, in the Hebrew, as in Numb. xiii.
+33.; Is. xl. 22.; and that this was a species of locust which was
+eatable, appears from Lev. xi. 21, 22.:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Yet there may ye eat of every <i>flying</i> creeping thing that goeth
+ upon all fours, which have legs above their feet, to leap withal
+ upon the earth; even those of them ye may eat,
+the locust (<span title="[Hebrew: th hâ&#700;arbeh]">&#1488;&#1462;&#1514; &#1492;&#1464;&#1488;&#1463;&#1512;&#1456;&#1489;&#1468;&#1462;&#1492;</span>,
+<span title="[Greek: ton brouchon]">&#964;&#8056;&#957; &#946;&#961;&#959;&#8166;&#967;&#959;&#957;</span>) after his kind, and the
+ bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and
+ the grasshopper (<span title="[Hebrew: &#700;eth hechâgab]">&#1488;&#1462;&#1514; &#1492;&#1462;&#1495;&#1464;&#1490;&#1463;&#1489;</span>,
+<span title="[Greek: tên akrida]">&#964;&#8052;&#957; &#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#945;</span>) after his
+ kind."</p>
+
+
+<p>That locusts were eaten in the East is plain from Pliny, who in xi. 29.
+relates this of the Parthians; and in vi. 30. of the Ethiopians, among
+whom was a tribe called the Acridophagi, from their use of the
+<span title="[Greek: akris]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8054;&#962;</span> for food.</p>
+
+<p>There seems, then, no reason to suppose that in Matt. iv. 4., Mark i.
+6., the word <span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> should be taken to mean anything but
+locusts.</p>
+
+<p>It was, however, a very ancient opinion that the word
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span>
+here means
+<span title="[Greek: akrodrya]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8057;&#948;&#961;&#965;&#945;</span>, or
+<span title="[Greek: akra dryôn]">&#7940;&#954;&#961;&#945; &#948;&#961;&#8059;&#969;&#957;</span>, or
+<span title="[Greek: akremones]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8051;&#956;&#959;&#957;&#949;&#962;</span>, or
+<span title="[Greek: akrismata]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#963;&#956;&#945;&#964;&#945;</span>, the ends of the branches of trees;
+although the word
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> is never used in this sense by pure
+Greek writers.</p>
+
+
+<p class="right"> T. C.</p>
+
+<p class="left"> Durham.</p>
+
+
+<p>The interpretation of
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> (Matt. iii. 4.) suggested to
+<span title="[Greek: Boreas]">&#914;&#959;&#961;&#8051;&#945;&#962;</span> is not new. Isidorus Pelusiota (Epist. i. 132.) says:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "<span title="[Greek: hai akrides, hais Iôannês etrepheto, ou zôa eisin, hôs
+tines oiontai amathôs, kantharois apeoikota; mê genoito; all'
+akremones botanôn ê phytôn]">&#945;&#7985; &#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;,
+ &#945;&#7991;&#962; &#7992;&#969;&#8049;&#957;&#957;&#951;&#962;
+ &#7952;&#964;&#961;&#8051;&#966;&#949;&#964;&#959;, &#959;&#8016; &#950;&#8182;&#8049;
+ &#949;&#7984;&#963;&#953;&#957;, &#8037;&#962;
+ &#964;&#953;&#957;&#949;&#962; &#959;&#7988;&#959;&#957;&#964;&#945;&#953;
+ &#7936;&#956;&#945;&#952;&#8182;&#962;, &#954;&#945;&#957;&#952;&#8049;&#961;&#959;&#953;&#962;
+ &#7936;&#960;&#949;&#959;&#8055;&#954;&#959;&#964;&#7936;&#960;&#949;&#959;&#953;&#954;&#8057;&#964;&#945;&#903;
+ &#956;&#8052; &#947;&#8051;&#957;&#959;&#953;&#964;&#959;&#903; &#7936;&#955;&#955;'
+ &#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8051;&#956;&#959;&#957;&#949;&#962;
+ &#946;&#959;&#964;&#945;&#957;&#8182;&#957; &#7970;
+ &#966;&#965;&#964;&#8182;&#957;</span>."</p>
+
+
+<p>Chrysostom, Theophylact, and others, either adopt or quote the same
+interpretation, as may be seen by referring to Suicer, <i>Thes. Eccl.</i>,
+under the word
+<span title="[Greek: Akris]">&#7944;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#962;</span>.</p>
+
+<p>But in the absence of any direct proof that the word was ever used in
+this sense, I do not think it safe to adopt interpretations which
+possibly rested only on some tradition.</p>
+
+<p>There is positive proof that locusts were eaten by some people. In Lev.
+xi. 22. we have,</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "These of them ye may eat; the locust after his kind, and the
+ bald locust after his kind, and the beetle after his kind, and
+ the grasshopper after his kind."</p>
+
+
+<p>In this passage we find
+<span title="[Greek: akrida]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#945;</span> used by the LXX.
+for the Hebrew
+<span title="[Hebrew: châgab]">&#1495;&#1464;&#1490;&#1463;&#1489;</span>, the last of the four kinds specified. I find in several
+commentators whom I have consulted, reference to Bochart's
+<i>Hierozoicon</i>, ii. 4. 7., but as I have not the book by me, I must be
+content with referring your correspondent to it; and if he will look at
+the commentaries of Elsner and Kuinoel, and Schleusner's <i>Lexicon</i>, he
+will find references to so many authors in confirmation of the fact in
+question, that I think he will not disagree with me in concluding that
+where the balance of learned opinion, as well as of evidence, is so
+great in favour of one interpretation, we ought not rashly to take up
+another, however intelligent the party may be by whom it was suggested.</p>
+
+<p>I have just looked into Wolfius on the New Testament, and there find a
+list of writers who
+<a id="Page_352"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[352]</span> have adopted the interpretations of the
+Father above mentioned, and also a host of others who defend the
+received explanation. If they should be within the reach of
+<span title="[Greek: Boreas]">&#914;&#959;&#961;&#8051;&#945;&#962;</span> (as most of them are not in mine), he will be able to balance
+their arguments for himself.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> <span title="[Hebrew: B.]">&#1489;.</span></p>
+
+<p class="left"> L&mdash;&mdash; Rectory, Somerset.</p>
+
+
+<p>Perhaps the following may be useful to your correspondent
+<span title="[Greek: Boreas]">&#914;&#959;&#961;&#8051;&#945;&#962;</span> on the word
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span>, St. Matt. iii. 4.</p>
+
+<p>Lev. xi. 22., we have an enumeration of the various kinds of locusts
+known to the Jews, viz. the locust proper, the bald locust, beetle,
+grasshopper; rendered in the Vulgate respectively, <i>bruchus</i>, <i>attacus</i>,
+<i>ophiomachus</i>, <i>locusta</i>, the latter by the Septuagint,
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span>. The Hebrew
+<span title="[Hebrew: &#700;arbeh]">&#1488;&#1463;&#1512;&#1456;&#1489;&#1468;&#1462;&#1492;</span>, the
+ locust proper, from
+<span title="[Hebrew: ravah]">&#1512;&#1464;&#1489;&#1464;&#1492;</span>,
+to multiply, is used chiefly for the ravaging locust, as Exod. x. 12.,
+probably a larger kind; while
+<span title="[Hebrew: châgab]">&#1495;&#1464;&#1490;&#1463;&#1489;</span>, which is translated
+<i>grasshopper</i> in our version above, Vulg. <i>locusta</i>, Sept.
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span>, rendered by Fuerstius (<i>Heb. Conc.</i>) <i>locusta gregaria</i>, is
+mostly used as implying diminutiveness, as Numbers, xiii. 33., and but
+once as a devouring insect, 2 Chro. vii. 13. It is translated
+indiscriminately, in our version, <i>locust</i> and <i>grasshopper</i>; all these
+were edible and permitted to the Jews. Singularly enough, there is one
+passage in which this word
+<span title="[Hebrew: châgab]">&#1495;&#1464;&#1490;&#1463;&#1489;</span> is used, viz. Eccl. xii. 5., in
+which it is doubted by some whether it may not mean a vegetable; but
+this is not the opinion of the best authorities. The observation of
+Grotius, by-the-bye, on the place is extremely curious, differing from
+all the other commentators.</p>
+
+<p>What we learn from the Old Testament, then is the probability that
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> meant a smaller kind of locust; and that they were
+edible and permitted to the Jews. We have abundant evidence, moreover,
+from other quarters, that these locusts were prized as food by
+frequenters of the desert. Joh. Leo (<i>Descript. Africæ</i>, book ix.,
+quoted by Drusius, <i>Crit. Sac.</i>) says:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Arabiæ desertæ et Libyæ populi locustarum adventum pro felici
+ habent omine; nam vel elixas, vel ad solem desiccatas, in farinam
+ tundunt atque edunt."</p>
+
+
+<p>Again, <i>Mercurialis, de Morb. Puerorum</i>, i. 3. ap. eun.:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Refert Agatharchides, in libro de Mare Rubro,
+<span title="[Greek: akridophagous]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#953;&#948;&#959;&#966;&#8049;&#947;&#959;&#965;&#962;</span>, i.e. eos qui vescuntur locustis, corpora habere
+ maxime extenuata et macilenta."</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent">Fit food, therefore, of the ascetic. Theophylact understood by
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> a wild herb or fruit; but all the most trustworthy commentators
+besides were of opinion that an animal was intended.</p>
+
+<p>The modern Greek interpretation of
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span>, "the young and
+tender shoots of plants," may perhaps be traced in what Balth.
+<a id="Stolbergius"></a>Stolbergius (see his essay on this passage, the most copious of any)
+says; maintaining it to be an animal, he adds,&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "Insectum, infirmis pennis alatum, ac proinde altius non evolans,
+ sic dictum ab uredine locorum quæ attingit; quasi loca usta.
+ Græcè,
+<span title="[Greek: akris, para tas akras
+tôn astachyôn kai tôn phytôn nomesthai]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8054;&#962;, &#960;&#945;&#961;&#8048; &#964;&#8048;&#962; &#7940;&#954;&#961;&#945;&#962;
+&#964;&#8182;&#957; &#7936;&#963;&#964;&#945;&#967;&#8059;&#969;&#957; &#954;&#945;&#8054; &#964;&#8182;&#957; &#966;&#965;&#964;&#8182;&#957;
+ &#957;&#8057;&#956;&#949;&#963;&#952;&#945;&#953;</span>."</p>
+
+
+<p>The following from <i>Hieron. adv. Jovinian</i>, ii. 6., quoted by Drusius,
+while it asserts that locusts were esteemed as food in some countries,
+will, perhaps, account for the unwillingness of the Greek friend of your
+correspondent
+<span title="[Greek: Boreas]">&#914;&#959;&#961;&#8051;&#945;&#962;</span> to recognise an animal in the
+<span title="[Greek: akrides]">&#7936;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> of John the Baptist:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"Apud orientales et Libyæ populos, quia per desertum et calidam
+ eremi vastitatem locustarum nubes reperiuntur, locustis vesci
+ moris est; hoc verum esse Johannes quoque Baptista probat.
+ Compelle Phrygem et Ponticum ut locustas comedat, nefas putabit."</p>
+
+
+<p class="right">H. C. K.</p>
+
+<p class="left"> &mdash;&mdash; Rectory, Hereford.</p>
+
+
+<p>Will you permit me to observe that the proper word is <i>locusts</i>? For I
+remember when I was at Constantinople in the year 1809, that passing
+through the fruit and vegetable bazaar, I observed some dried fruits,
+resembling a large French bean pod; they appeared dry, and were of a
+brown colour. I inquired the name of "the fruit;" I was told they were
+"locusts." I was struck with the name, for I remembered the passage in
+the New Testament, and I could not reconcile my mind to St. John living
+upon locusts (the insects) and wild honey. I immediately tasted some of
+the fruit, and found it sweet and good, something similar to the date,
+but not so good, although nutritious. I was thus instantly convinced of
+the possibility of St. John living upon "locusts and wild honey" in the
+desert. I have related to you this fact as it occurred to me. The locust
+tree must be well known amongst horticulturists. I do not pretend to
+enter into the question whether the translation is right or wrong, as I
+am no "scollard," as the old woman said.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">J. B<span class="smcap lowercase">L.</span></p>
+
+
+<p>There is in Malta, the north of Africa, and Syria, a tree called the
+locust tree; it bears a pod resembling the bean, and affords in those
+countries food for both man and horse, which I have no doubt in my own
+mind is the locust of the New Testament. If your correspondent feels
+curious on the subject, I would search the bottom of my portmanteau, and
+perhaps might be able to forward him a specimen.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> J. W.</p>
+
+
+<p>Relative to the meaning of
+<span title="[Greek: Akrides]">&#7944;&#954;&#961;&#8055;&#948;&#949;&#962;</span> in Matt. iii., I beg to
+refer your correspondent
+<span title="[Greek: Boreas]">&#914;&#959;&#961;&#8051;&#945;&#962;</span> to the note in Dr. Burton's
+<i>Gr. Test.</i>, where he will find reference to the authors who have
+discussed the question.<a id="Page_353"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[353]</span></p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> D<span class="smcap lowercase">X.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE SOUL'S ERRAND.<br />
+(Vol. iv., p. 274.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p>This beautiful little poem is assigned by Bishop Percy to Sir Walter
+Raleigh, by whom it is said to have been written the night before his
+execution; this assertion is, however, proved to be unfounded, from the
+fact that Raleigh was not executed until 1618, and the poem in question
+was printed in the second edition of Francis Davidson's <i>Poetical
+Rhapsody</i>, in 1608. "It is nevertheless possible," observes Sir Harris
+Nicolas (Introduction to <i>Poetical Rhapsody</i>, p. ci.), "that it was
+written by Raleigh the night before he <i>expected</i> to have been executed
+at Winchester, November, 1603, a circumstance which is perfectly
+reconcileable to dates, and in some degree accounts for the tradition
+alluded to." This ground must be now abandoned, as it is certain that
+MS. copies of the poem exist of a still earlier date. Malone had a MS.
+copy of it dated 1595 (<i>Shakspeare by Boswell</i>, vol. ii. p. 579.);
+Brydges speaks of one in the British Museum dated 1596 (<i>Lee Priory
+edit. of Raleigh's Works</i>, vol. viii. p. 725.); and Campbell says, "it
+can be traced to a MS. of a date as early as 1593" (<i>Specimens</i>, p. 57.
+second edit.).</p>
+
+<p>"The Soul's Errand" is found in the folio edition of Joshua Sylvester's
+<i>Works</i>, and also in the poems of Lord Pembroke. Ritson, whose authority
+merits some attention, peremptorily attributes it to Francis Davison.
+"<i>The Answer to the Lye</i>," he observes, "usually ascribed to Raleigh,
+and pretended to have been written the night before his execution, was
+in fact by Francis Davison" (<i>Bib. Poet.</i> p. 308.).</p>
+
+<p>The evidence in favour of these three claimants has been well examined
+by the Rev. John Hannah (see <i>Poems by Sir Henry Wotton, Sir Walter
+Raleigh, and others</i>, 12mo. 1845, pp. 89-99.), and completely set aside.
+The same gentleman has printed a curious poetical piece, from an old MS.
+Miscellany in the Chetham Library at Manchester (8012. p. 107), which
+does something to establish Raleigh's claim. It commences as follows:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+<p>"Go, Eccho of the minde; </p>
+<p>A careles troth protest; </p>
+<p>Make answere y<span class="topnum">t</span> <i>rude</i> </p>
+<p><i>Rawly</i> No stomack can disgest."</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "In these verses (remarks Mr. Hannah) three points especially
+ deserve attention; first, that they assign the disputed poem to
+ Raleigh <i>by name</i>; next, that they were written <i>when he was
+ still alive</i>, as is plain from the concluding stanza; and lastly,
+ that they give the reason why it has been found so difficult to
+ discover its true author, for the 13th stanza intimates that 'The
+ Lie' was anonymous, though its writer was not altogether
+ unknown."</p>
+
+
+<p>Many MS. copies of "The Soul's Errand" exist. Two of them have been
+printed at the end of Sir Harris Nicolas's edition of Davison's
+<i>Poetical Rhapsody</i>; the one from Harl. MS. 2296., the other from a
+manuscript in the same collection, No. 6910.; the readings of which not
+only differ materially from each other, but in a slight degree also from
+the printed copies. The title in Davison is "The Lie," which is retained
+by Percy; that of "The Soul's Errand" was taken by Ellis from
+Sylvester's <i>Works</i>. In some copies it is called "The Farewell."</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> E<span class="smcap lowercase">DWARD</span> F. R<span class="smcap lowercase">IMBAULT.</span></p>
+
+
+<p>The lines reported to have been written by Sir Walter Raleigh the night
+before his execution were <i>not</i>, I think, those alluded to by ÆGROTUS.
+In the <i>Reliquiæ Wottonianæ</i> are some few "poems found amongst the
+papers of Sir Henry Wotton," one of which is headed "Sir Walter Raleigh
+the Night before his Death," and is this:</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>"Even such is <i>time</i> that takes on trust</p>
+ <p class="i1">Our <i>youth</i>, our <i>joyes</i>, our all we have,</p>
+ <p>And pays us but with <i>age</i> and <i>dust</i>;</p>
+ <p class="i1">Who in the dark and silent grave</p>
+ <p>(When we have wandered all our ways)</p>
+ <p>Shuts up the story of our days.</p>
+ <p>But from this <i>earth</i>, this <i>grave</i>, this <i>dust</i>,</p>
+ <p>My God shall raise me up, I trust."&mdash;W. R.</p>
+
+ <p class="author"> P. 396, 3d edition, London, 1672.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>In the <i>Collection of Sacred Poetry</i>, edited for the Parker Society by
+Mr. Farr (vol. i. p. 236.), the lines I have adduced are headed "An
+Epitaph" and attributed to Sir W. Raleigh on the above melancholy
+occasion.</p>
+
+<p>"The Soul's Errand," which Æ<span class="smcap lowercase">GROTUS</span> quotes from, is entitled "The
+Farewell" in the same collection; but so much ambiguity rests upon Sir
+Walter's poetry that I shall merely add my conviction that the "Epitaph"
+is only a fragment&mdash;"judicent peritiores."</p>
+
+<p class="right"> R<span class="smcap lowercase">T.</span></p>
+
+<p class="left"> Warmington, Oct. 14. 1851.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [B<span class="smcap lowercase">ARTANUS</span>, J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHN</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">LGOR</span>, H. E. H. have also kindly replied to this
+ Query.]</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>THE TWO DRS. ABERCROMBIE.<br />
+(Vol. iii., p. 209.)</span>
+</h3>
+
+<p>It does not appear that David and Patrick Abercromby either studied or
+graduated at the University of Leyden. Their names are not found in the
+alphabetic registers of the students matriculated in the University.
+<a id="University3"></a><a title="Go to footnote 3." href="#fn3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> For
+this reason the academic dissertations of these two physicians will
+be sought in vain in the University library. Three works of David
+Abercromby are, however, here:<a id="Page_354"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[354]</span></p>
+
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p class="i3"> 1. "Tuta ac Efficax</p>
+ <p class="i1"> Luis Venereæ, sæpe absque</p>
+ <p>Mercurio, ac semper absque</p>
+ <p class="i3"> Salivatione Mercuriali</p>
+ <p class="i3"> Curandæ Methodus.</p>
+<p> Authore Davide Abercromby, M.D.<br />
+ Londini, impensis Samuel Smith ad insigne principis<br />
+ in C&oelig;miterio Divi Pauli.
+<span class="smcap lowercase">MDCLXXXIV.</span>"</p>
+<p class="author"> Dedicated to
+ Dr. Whistlero (Dubam, Londini, 7th Apr. 1684).</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p class="i3"> 2. "Davidis Abercromby, M.D.</p>
+ <p class="noindent"> De variatione, ac varietate Pulsus Observationes</p>
+ <p class="i3"> accessit ejusdem authoris</p>
+ <p class="i5"> Nova Medicinæ</p>
+ <p class="i4"> tum Speculativæ,</p>
+ <p class="i3"> Tum Practicæ Clavis</p>
+ <p class="i5"> Sive ars</p>
+ <p>Explorandi Medicæ Plantarum ac Corporum quorum cumque<br />
+ Facultatis ex solo sapore.&mdash;Imp. Samuel<br />
+ Smith. Londini, <span class="smcap lowercase">MDCLXXXV</span>. in 8vo." </p>
+ <p class="author">Dedicated to Robert Boyle.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p class="i3"> 3. "Davidis Abercrombii,</p>
+ <p class="i5"> Scoto-Britanni</p>
+ <p class="i3"> Philosoph. ac Med. Doct.</p>
+ <p class="i5"> Fur Academicus.</p>
+ <p>Amstelodami, apud Abrahamum Wolfgang, 1689."</p>
+ <p class="author">Dedicated
+ to Jacobus Cuperus<br />
+ (classis ex Indiá nuper
+ reducis archithalasso.)</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<p class="footnote"><a id="fn3"></a><a title="Return to text." href="#University3" class="label">[3]</a>These
+ are now under the care of Professor N. C. Kist of
+Leyden. It is to be regretted that they are not printed.</p>
+
+<p>Here is a list of the Abercrombys who have studied at Leyden, with the
+dates of their matriculation:&mdash;</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "6. Oct. 1713. Alexander Abercromby, Scotus, an. 21. Stud.
+ Juris."</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"25. Oct. 1724. Georgius Abercromby, an. 21, et Jacobus
+ Abercromby, an. 20, Scoto-Britanni, Stud. Juris. Residing with
+ Beeck in the Brustraet."</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"18. Nov. 1724. Jacobus Abercromby, Scotus, an. 24. Stud. Juris.
+ Resides with S. Rosier, in the Moorstug."</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">"3. Aug. 1725. Georgius Abercromby, Scoto-Britannus, an. 22.
+ Stud. Juris. Apud J. Boudar, in the Brustraet."</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot">"3. Aug. 1725. Jacobus Abercromby, Scoto-Brit., an. 20. Stud.
+ Juris. Apud eundem."</p>
+
+
+<p>There is no other dissertation or work of the Abercrombys in the library
+or the university here.</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> E<span class="smcap lowercase">LSEVIR.</span></p>
+
+ <p class="left">Leyden.</p>
+
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> [We are indebted to the kindness of the Editor of the
+ <i>Navorscher</i> for this extract from his forthcoming number.]</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Replies to Minor Queries.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Dacre Monument at Hurstmonceux</i></span>
+ <span>(Vol. ii., p. 478.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;E. V. asks for the
+names of the bearers of the following coats of arms on the monument to
+the Dacre family in Hurstmonceux church. I beg to supply them:</p>
+
+<p>1. Sab. a cross or. Havenell.</p>
+
+<p>2. Barry of six arg. and az. a bend gules. Grey.</p>
+
+<p>3. Arg. a fess gules. Doddingsells.</p>
+
+<p>4. Quarterly or and gules an escarbuncle of eight rays floratty sab.
+Mandeville, first Earl of Essex. Granted 1139.</p>
+
+<p>5. Barry of six arg. and gules. Bayouse.</p>
+
+<p>6. Az. an inescocheon in an orle of martlets or. Schatterset and
+Walcott.</p>
+
+<p>I cannot find one with the inescocheon charged.</p>
+
+<p>In the following page, 479., J. D. S. asks the name of the bearer of a
+coat in the great east window of the choir of Exeter cathedral, viz.
+argent, a cross between four crescents gules. I beg to inform him that
+arg. a cross <i>engrailed</i> between four crescents gules belongs to
+Bernham. Also, that arg. a cross <i>flory</i> between four crescents gules,
+belongs to the name of Tylly, or Tyllet, or Tillegh, of Dorsetshire.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> H. C. K.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> &mdash;&mdash; Rectory, Hereford.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Book-plates</i></span> <span>(Vol. iii., p. 495.; Vol. iv., pp. 46. 93.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;An instance
+of what may be considered as an early example of a book-plate, occurs
+pasted upon the fly-leaf of a MS. in the College amongst Philpot's
+<i>Collections</i> (marked P. e. 15.), being an engraving of a blank shield,
+with a helmet and lambrequin, and a compartment for the motto; the whole
+surrounded by a border ornamented with flowers; altogether well
+engraved. The shield contains six quarterings, very neatly sketched with
+pen and ink; and the helmet is surmounted by a crest, also neatly
+sketched. In the upper part of the border, occupying a space evidently
+intended to be filled up, is the autograph of "Joseph Holand;" while a
+similar space in the lower part contains the date of "1585" in the same
+hand, in which also the motto "Fortitudo mea Deus," is written within
+the compartment above mentioned. The following, which is a collateral
+proof of the age of the book-plate, is likewise an autograph title to
+the MS.:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot">"In this booke are conteyned the armes of the nobylytye of
+ Ireland and of certeyne gentilmen of the same countrye. Joseph
+ Holand, 1585."</p>
+
+
+<p>This Joseph Holand was father of Philip Holand, who was Portcullis
+<i>tempore</i> James I., and Gibbon, Bluemantle, says he was a "collector of
+rarities."</p>
+
+<p>By the kindness of an antiquarian friend I have three impressions of
+different book-plates of the celebrated Pepys. I am not aware that they
+are rare; but one is curious, as consisting merely of his initials "S.
+P." in ornamented Roman capitals, elegantly and tastefully interlaced
+with two anchors and cables, with his motto in a scroll above them.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> T<span class="smcap lowercase">HOMAS</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILLIAM</span> K<span class="smcap lowercase">ING</span>, York Herald.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> College of Arms.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Sermon of Bishop Jeremy Taylor</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., p. 251.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;I beg to
+acknowledge the favor of M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ROSSLEY'S</span> communication (which, from an
+accident, I have only just seen) respecting a sermon of Bishop Taylor's,
+and to inform him that I have been intending to produce it in the
+concluding<a id="Page_355"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[355]</span> volume (vol. i. of the series), which will contain
+several small pieces. I have been aware of the existence of it from the
+first, the volume in question being in the Bodleian Catalogue.</p>
+
+<p>May I take the opportunity of adding, how much I feel obliged by any
+communication respecting Bishop Taylor's Works.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">C. P<span class="smcap lowercase">AGE</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">DEN.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Moonlight</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., p. 273.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The effects of the moonlight on animal
+matter is well known to the inhabitants of warm climates. I remember
+that when I resided in Bermuda, if the meat (which was usually hung out
+at night) was exposed to the rays of the moon it putrified directly. I
+was frequently cautioned by the inhabitants to beware of the moon
+shining upon me when asleep, as it caused the most dangerous and
+virulent fevers. Another curious power of the moonlight was that of
+developing temporary blindness, caused by the glare of the sun on bright
+objects. I have often seen persons stumbling and walking as quite blind,
+in a moonlight so bright I could see to read by; these were principally
+soldiers who had been employed during the day working on the fort and on
+the white stone. On hearing the surgeon of the regiment mention that
+two-thirds of the men were troubled with it, causing a greater amount of
+night-work as sentries to the few who were able to see at night, I
+suggested to him the following plan mentioned in a story I had read many
+years before in <i>Blackwood</i>:&mdash;</p>
+
+ <p class="blockquot">"A pirate ship in those latitudes was several times nearly
+ captured, owing to all the men being moon-blind at night; the
+ captain ordered all his men to bind up one eye during the day,
+ and by this means they could see with that eye to navigate the
+ ship at night."</p>
+
+<p>My friend the surgeon tried the experiment, and found bandaging the eyes
+at night, and giving them complete rest, restored in time their sight at
+moonlight.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">M. E. C. T.</p>
+
+<p>That the light of the moon accelerates putrefaction is more than an
+unfounded popular opinion. I have heard it repeatedly asserted by
+observant and sober-minded naval officers as a fact, established by
+experience in tropical climates. Their constant testimony was, that when
+there is no moon the fresh meat is hung over the stern of the ship at
+night for coolness; but if this is done when the moon shines, the meat
+becomes unfit to eat.</p>
+
+<p>The Query will probably elicit an answer from some one able to speak
+more directly upon the subject. It well deserves further inquiry.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> T. C.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Durham, Oct. 15.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Flatman and Pope</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., pp. 209. 283.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;"The Thought on Death,"
+by Flatman, is referred to by Wharton, Bowles, and other editors of
+Pope. Flatman's <i>Poems</i> were first printed in 1674; 2ndly, 1676; 3rdly,
+1682; and 4thly and lastly, 1686. The above occurs in the first edition.</p>
+
+<p>For an account of Flatman, see Walpole's <i>Anecdotes of Painters</i>, vol.
+iii. p. 20., ed. 1765; Granger's <i>Biog. Hist.</i>; and Wood's <i>Athenæ</i>.</p>
+
+<p>Some verses by him on his son, who died 1682, aged ten years, and
+inscribed on his monument in St. Bride's Church, will be found in Stow
+by Strype, vol. i. p. 740. ed. 1754.</p>
+
+<p>Flatman wrote a preface to Shipman's <i>Poems</i>, and verses to Sanderson's
+<i>Graphice</i>, fol.; also to Walton in Chalkhill's <i>Thealma and Clearchus</i>,
+and Johnson's (Wm.) <i>Narrative of Deliverance at Sea</i>, 18mo. 3d edit.
+1672.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"><span title="[Greek: p.]">&#960;.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Berlin Time</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., p. 256.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;Is your correspondent very sure that
+the astronomers of France, Germany, Italy, and Spain begin the day at
+midnight? I turn to Herschel's <i>Outlines of Astronomy</i> (p. 86.), and I
+find that astronomers (without any limitation) commenced their day at
+noon. Sir John Herschel is inclined to think that it would be better to
+commence at midnight with the world at large. Surely if the foreign
+astronomers <i>already did this</i>, he would not have failed to cite their
+example, and to remind the English astronomers that they stood alone;
+but of this he does not give the smallest hint.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> A L<span class="smcap lowercase">EARNER.</span></p>
+
+
+<p>Your correspondent D<span class="smcap lowercase">X.</span> is mistaken in supposing that "foreigners
+ordinarily commence the astronomical day at midnight."</p>
+
+<p>With respect to France, in the <i>Explication et Usage des Articles de la
+Connaissance des Temps</i> it is expressly stated: "Le jour astronomique
+<i>commence à midi</i>."</p>
+
+<p>And in the explanation appended to the <i>Berlin Jahrbuch</i>, it is in like
+manner distinctly laid down:</p>
+
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "The time which must be always understood, unless it is otherwise
+ particularly expressed, is the mean time of the meridian of the
+ New Berlin Observatory, which is taken to be 44<span class="topnum">m</span> 14·0<span class="topnum">s</span> eastward
+ of Paris, and 53<span class="topnum">m</span> 35·5<span class="topnum">s</span> eastward of Greenwich. <i>The beginning
+ of the day is at noon.</i>"</p>
+
+
+<p>The <i>civil</i> day always commences at the midnight preceding this
+<i>astronomical</i> day.</p>
+
+<p>It follows that Sept. 17, 3<span class="topnum">h</span> 40<span class="topnum">m</span> 30<span class="topnum">s</span> Greenwich mean time, is simply
+Sept. 17, 4<span class="topnum">h</span> 34<span class="topnum">m</span> 5·5<span class="topnum">s</span> Berlin mean time.
+</p>
+
+ <p class="right"> T. C.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Durham.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Ruined Churches</i></span> <span>(Vol. iv., p. 261.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The old church of St. John in
+the Wilderness, near Exmouth, can hardly be said to be <i>in ruins</i>, in
+the sense before implied with regard to marriages, &amp;c. It is
+<i>dilapidated</i>, and almost deserted; but on visiting it a few days since,
+I found it securely locked, the nave weather tight, and sufficiently
+furnished for baptisms, marriages, and burials, with surplice, two
+Prayer Books, Bible, table, font, bier, and bell. They had certainly all
+seen their best days; but on that account perhaps they are supposed to
+be more in keeping with the general state of the venerable fabric.<a id="Page_356"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[356]</span>
+</p>
+
+<p>It is, in fact, the mother church of others in the vicinity, which are
+only chapels of ease; but as the population increased around them, and
+fell away, from some cause or other, from the precincts of the old
+church, it seems to have been deserted and dismantled of everything but
+what is barely necessary for burials, and an occasional wedding and
+baptism. It is the south aisle only which has been removed, and that by
+authority, many years ago; but certainly, it has on that side, and from
+the want of glass in the fine tower window, a desolate and ruinous
+appearance. In the churchyard there is a most venerable specimen of a
+noble yew-tree.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> H. T. E.</p>
+
+ <p class="left">Clyst St. George, Oct. 10. 1851.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Italian Writer on Political Economy&mdash;Death of Carli</i></span>
+<span> (Vol. iv., p. 175.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;It is inquired, "What was the first work by an Italian writer on
+any element of political economy? and in what year did Carli, the
+celebrated economist, die?" The latter question I at once answer by
+stating that it was on the 22d of February, 1795, in his seventy-fifth
+year, having been born at Cape d'Istria, an episcopal town of Illyria,
+April, 1720, of a noble family. His collected works, embracing almost
+the <i>omne scibile</i>, were published in 1784-1794, nineteen octavo
+volumes, at Milan, <i>Delle Opere del Signor Gianrinaldo Conte Carli,
+Presidente Emerito del Supremo Conciglio di Pubblica Economia, &amp;c.</i> The
+first publication, confined to fifteen volumes, was extended to nineteen
+by him, <i>Delle Antichità Italiche, con Appendice, de' Documenti, &amp;c.</i>,
+1793-1795. Few writers have exceeded him in the variety of his subjects,
+which combined the drama, poetry, translations, history, philosophy, the
+monetary system, political economy, &amp;c. As to your correspondent
+ A<span class="smcap lowercase">LPHA'S</span>
+first inquiry, it will be satisfactorily answered by consulting the
+collection printed at Milan in 1803, <i>Scrittori Classici Italiani</i>,
+first volume of the fifty in 8vo., to which the entire extend up to that
+period, since when several have appeared.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> J. R.</p>
+
+ <p class="left"> Cork.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Epigram ascribed to Mary Queen of Scots</i> </span>
+<span>(Vol. iv., p. 316.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+
+<p>&mdash;The four
+lines inscribed in the copy of Sallust mentioned by C., and which have
+been <i>supposed</i> to be the composition of the Queen of Scots, will be
+found in the second book of Ovid's <i>Amores</i>, Elegia 18, ll. 5-8.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">C. W. G.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Surplices</i></span>
+<span> (Vol. iv., p. 192.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;In reference to the origin, use, &amp;c.
+of this and other ecclesiastical vestments, let J. Y. consult the
+following authorities:&mdash;Bona, <i>Rerum Liturgicarum</i>, lib. i. cap. 24.;
+Gerberti <i>Vetus Liturgia Alemannica</i>, tom. i. disquisit. iii. cap 3.;
+Goar, <i>Rituale Græcum</i>; Du Cange's <i>Glossary</i>; and, <i>Ferrarius de Re
+Vestiaria</i>. The information on the subject, hence to be obtained, is
+briefly epitomised in the appendix to Palmer's <i>Antiq. of the English
+Liturgy</i>. Let J. Y. also look at Hawkins' <i>Hist. Music</i>, vol. ii. p.
+432.; vol. iii. p. 71.; likewise at Bishop Challoner's <i>Garden of the
+Soul</i>, pp. x. 123. (edit. 1824); and, if he have a full abundance of
+leisure, with sufficient resolution to abandon it to an undertaking so
+pregnant with instructiveness, let him too, by all means, "explore with
+curious search" the controversial writings of the early periods of
+Puritanism, on the sadly vexed question of the habits of the clergy, to
+which he will find abundant reference in all our Anglican church
+histories.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right">C<span class="smcap lowercase">OWGILL.</span></p>
+
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Continental Watchmen and their Songs</i></span>
+<span> (Vol. iv., p. 206.).&mdash;</span>
+</h4>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <div class="stanza">
+
+ <p> THE MANNER OF WATCHMEN INTIMATING THE
+ TIME AT HERRNHUTH, GERMANY.</p>
+
+ </div>
+
+ <div class="stanza">
+
+ <p>Past eight o'clock! O Herrnhuth, do thou ponder:</p>
+ <p> Eight souls in Noah's ark were living yonder.</p>
+ <p> 'Tis nine o'clock: ye brethren, hear it striking;</p>
+ <p> Keep hearts and houses clean, to our Saviour's liking.</p>
+ <p>Now brethren, hear, the clock is ten and passing:</p>
+ <p>None rest but such as wait for Christ embracing.</p>
+ <p> Eleven is past! still at this hour of eleven,</p>
+ <p>The Lord is calling us from earth to heaven.</p>
+ <p> Ye, brethren, hear, the midnight clock is humming:</p>
+ <p> At midnight our great Bridegroom will be coming.</p>
+ <p>Past one o'clock! the day breaks out of darkness;</p>
+ <p> Great morning star appear, and break our hardness!</p>
+ <p> 'Tis two! on Jesus wait this silent season,</p>
+ <p> Ye two so near related, Will and Reason.</p>
+ <p> The clock is three! the blessed Three doth merit</p>
+ <p> The best of praise, from body, soul, and spirit.</p>
+ <p> 'Tis four o'clock, when three make supplication</p>
+ <p> The Lord will be the fourth on that occasion.</p>
+ <p> Five is the clock! five virgins were discarded,</p>
+ <p>When five with wedding garments were rewarded.</p>
+ <p> The clock is six, and I go off my station;</p>
+ <p> Now, brethren, <i>watch yourselves for your salvation</i>.</p>
+
+ </div>
+
+</div>
+
+ <p class="right">F. B. R<span class="smcap lowercase">ELTON.</span></p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>Horology</i></span>
+<span> (Vol. iv., p. 175.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;H. C. K. inquires for the best
+<i>scientific</i> work on horology. In my searches after the history of time
+keeping in all ages, I found none more useful than a little tract, the
+production of a watchmaker, and to be had at 81. Fleet Street. The
+<i>Mirror</i> of 1824 contains some interesting notes on this subject.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="right"> C. R.</p>
+
+ <p class="right">Paternoster Row.</p>
+
+
+
+<h4>
+<span><i>The Aneroid Barometer</i> </span>
+<span>(Vol. iv., p. 295.).</span>
+</h4>
+
+<p>&mdash;The intended signification
+of this name, "aneroid," can of course be only determined by the person
+who conferred it; upon any less direct authority the derivation quoted
+from Mr. Dent's description can scarcely be received. The meaning<a id="Page_357"></a>
+<span class="pagenum">[357]</span> of
+<span title="[Greek: nêros]">&#957;&#951;&#961;&#8056;&#962;</span>
+ is <i>moist</i>, rather than <i>fluid</i>; but even
+admitting the latter signification, then the last syllable ought surely
+to be referred, not to
+<span title="[Greek: eidos]">&#949;&#7984;&#948;&#959;&#962;</span>, but to its root
+<span title="[Greek: eidô]">&#949;&#7984;&#948;&#969;</span>
+(scio); <i>perceivable without fluid</i> being a much better characteristic
+than <i>a form without fluid</i>.</p>
+
+<p>But taking into consideration the peculiar construction of this sort of
+barometer, its flexible diaphragm supported from within against the
+pressure of the atmosphere, may not its name have been derived from
+<span title="[Greek: ana]">&#7936;&#957;&#8048;</span> (adversus),
+<span title="[Greek: aêr]">&#7936;&#8052;&#961;</span> (aer), and
+<span title="[Greek: oidos]">&#959;&#7990;&#948;&#959;&#962;</span> (tumor)?</p>
+
+
+<p class="right"> A. E. B.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+<h2>
+<span class="bla">Miscellaneous.</span>
+</h2>
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>NOTES ON BOOKS, SALES, CATALOGUES, ETC.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p><i>The Chronological New Testament, in which the Text of the Authorised
+Version is newly divided into Paragraphs and Sections, with the Dates
+and Places of Transactions marked, the Marginal Renderings of the
+Translators, many Parallel Illustrative Passages printed at length,
+brief Introductions to each Book, and a Running Analysis of the
+Epistles</i>, is another and most praiseworthy attempt "to make our
+invaluable English version more intelligible to devout students of the
+Word of God," by the various helps in arrangement and printing set forth
+in the ample title-page which we have just transcribed. All such
+endeavors to increase that "knowledge which maketh wise unto salvation"
+carry within themselves the elements of success; and we shall be the
+more glad to find that the present work meets with the patronage it
+deserves, as we may then look for the Old Testament on the same plan.</p>
+
+<p>Those of our readers who remember the parallel which Bishop Ken drew
+between himself and</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p>Bless'd Gregory, whose patriarchal height</p>
+ <p>Shed on the Eastern sphere celestial light,</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="noindent">and who may desire to read the life of him whom that great ornament of
+our Church chose for his model, will thank us for drawing their
+attention to <i>Gregory of Nazianzum&mdash;a Contribution to the Ecclesiastical
+History of the Fourth Century</i>, by Professor Ullman of Heidelberg, which
+has just been translated by Mr. G. V. Cox. The translator has for the
+present confined himself to that part of Dr. Ullman's volume which
+relates to the life of Gregory, and is therefore more attractive to the
+general reader; the dogmatic part, or the statements and examination of
+Gregory's theological opinions, being for the present withheld. In this
+we think Mr. Cox has done wisely, since we have no doubt that the
+present volume will be read with great interest by many who will gladly
+dwell upon the life and practice of this distinguished Father of the
+Church, but who would be turned aside from its perusal, from their
+unwillingness or inability to enter upon any such investigation as is
+implied in the critical examination of Gregory's theological opinions.</p>
+
+<p>We have again to thank Dr. Latham for an important contribution towards
+a proper knowledge of our own tongue; and it would be difficult to point
+out a more successful combination of ethnological and philological
+knowledge than is exhibited in his newly-published <i>Hand-book of the
+English Language, for the Use of Students of the Universities and Higher
+Classes of Schools</i>. We cannot of course enter into any analysis of a
+work which is as replete with interest and amusement as it is with
+instruction; but we may point out as peculiarly deserving of attention
+the first part, which treats of the Germanic origin of the English
+language; and the second, which treats of its history and analysis. We
+are glad to see Dr. Latham's view of the Frisian share in the invasion
+of this country.</p>
+
+<p>The commendations so universally bestowed upon Mr. Grant for the
+research, accuracy, and picturesque interest displayed in his <i>Memorials
+of the Castle of Edinburgh</i>, and his <i>Memoirs of Sir W. Kirkaldy of
+Grange</i>, may be extended to him for his <i>Memoirs and Adventures of Sir
+John Hepburn, Knight, Governor of Munich, Marshal of France under Louis
+XIII., and Commander of the Scots Brigade under Gustavus Adolphus</i>. He
+has on this, as on former occasions, the advantage of a new and
+interesting subject; and by grouping round his hero&mdash;whose conduct and
+bravery won for him the reputation of being esteemed the best of that
+warlike age, next to Gustavus himself&mdash;all the great leaders in that
+struggle for the liberties of Germany, the Thirty Years' War&mdash;he has
+produced a volume which will be read with great interest, not only for
+the picture it exhibits of the distinguished soldier of fortune who
+forms its immediate subject, but also for its record of the services of
+the Scottish troops who served in the German wars under Gustavus
+Adolphus.</p>
+
+<p><i>A Little Earnest Book upon a Great Old Subject</i>, in which Mr. Wilson
+endeavors to pourtray the thoughts and feelings of the poet, will be
+read with pleasure by all who agree with him that poetry rightly
+understood is associated with everything that is eternal and just, true
+and elevating, tender and loving. It is a little book of quaint and
+pleasant thoughts, quaintly got up, and beautifully illustrated.</p>
+
+<p>Mr. Mitchell, of Bond Street, announces a beautifully illustrated work
+on <i>The Parables of our Saviour</i>, to be engraved in the line manner by
+the best artists from the designs of Franklin.</p>
+
+<p>The Sales of Books, &amp;c., those heralds of the coming winter, are
+beginning. Messrs. Puttick and Simpson commence this day a six days'
+sale of valuable books removed from the country, including many curious
+and rare works. On Monday Messrs. Sotheby and Wilkinson will commence
+their season by selling a portion of the valuable library of a gentleman
+deceased, which will occupy them for four days; and on Monday and the
+fifteen following days Messrs. Foster and Son will be engaged in the
+disposal of that matchless series of examples of Mediæval Architecture,
+and of other objects of decorative art, remarkable alike for their
+beauty, rarity, and historical value, so long known as the <i>Cottingham
+Museum</i>.</p>
+
+<p>C<span class="smcap lowercase">ATALOGUES</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEIVED.</span>&mdash;J. Miller's (43. Chandos Street) Catalogue No. 30.
+of Books Old and New; W. Brown's (130. and 131. Old Street) List of
+Miscellaneous English Books.</p>
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span>BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES<br />
+WANTED TO PURCHASE.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+<p class="indh">W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILLIS'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">RCHITECTURE OF THE</span>
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">IDDLE</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">GES.</span> (10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> will be paid for
+a copy in good condition.)<a id="Page_358"></a>
+ <span class="pagenum">[358]</span></p>
+
+<p class="indh">C<span class="smcap lowercase">ARPENTER'S</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">EPUTY </span>
+DIVINITY; a Discourse of Conscience. 12mo. 1657.
+</p>
+<p class="indh">A T<span class="smcap lowercase">RUE AND</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">IVELY </span>
+R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPRESENTATION OF</span>
+ P<span class="smcap lowercase">OPERY, SHEWING THAT</span>
+ P<span class="smcap lowercase">OPERY IS ONLY</span>
+N<span class="smcap lowercase">EW</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ODELLED</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">AGANISM</span>, &amp;c., 1679. 4to.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">R<span class="smcap lowercase">OBERT</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILSON'S</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">KETCH OF THE</span>
+ H<span class="smcap lowercase">ISTORY OF</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">AWICK.</span> Small 8vo. Printed in
+1825.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">J<span class="smcap lowercase">AMES</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ILSON'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">NNALS OF</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">AWICK.</span> Small 8vo. Printed in 1850.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">B<span class="smcap lowercase">ARRINGTON'S</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">KETCHES OF HIS OWN</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">IME.</span> Vol. III. London, 1830.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">B<span class="smcap lowercase">RITISH</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">OETS</span> (C<span class="smcap lowercase">HALMERS'</span>, Vol. X.) London, 1810.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">C<span class="smcap lowercase">HESTERFIELD'S</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">ETTERS TO HIS</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">ON.</span> Vol. III. London, 1774.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">C<span class="smcap lowercase">ONSTABLE'S</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ISCELLANY.</span> Vol. LXXV.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">D'A<span class="smcap lowercase">RBLAY'S</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">IARY.</span> Vol. III. London, 1842.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">E<span class="smcap lowercase">RSKINE'S</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">PEECHES.</span> Vol. II. London, 1810.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">H<span class="smcap lowercase">ARE'S</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ISSION OF THE</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OMFORTER.</span> Vol. I. London, 1846.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">H<span class="smcap lowercase">OPE'S</span> E<span class="smcap lowercase">SSAY ON</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">RCHITECTURE.</span> Vol. I. London, 1835. 2nd Edition.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ULLER'S</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">ISTORY OF</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">REECE.</span> Vol. II. (Library of Useful Knowledge, Vol.
+XVII.)</p>
+
+<p class="indh">R<span class="smcap lowercase">OMILLY'S</span> (S<span class="smcap lowercase">IR</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">AMUEL</span>) M<span class="smcap lowercase">EMOIRS.</span> Vol. II. London, 1840.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">COTT'S</span> (S<span class="smcap lowercase">IR</span> W.) L<span class="smcap lowercase">IFE OF</span> N<span class="smcap lowercase">APOLEON.</span> Vol. I. Edinburgh, 1837. 9 Vol.
+Edition.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">COTT'S</span> N<span class="smcap lowercase">OVELS.</span> Vol. XXXVI. (Redgauntlet, II.); Vols. XLIV. XLV. (Ann of
+Grerstein, I. &amp; II.) 48 Vol. Edition.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">MOLLETT'S</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ORKS.</span> Vols. II. &amp; IV. Edinburgh, 1800. 2nd Edition.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">OUTHEY'S</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">OETICAL</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ORKS.</span> Vol. III. London, 1837.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">C<span class="smcap lowercase">RABBE'S</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ORKS.</span> Vol. V. London, 1831.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">Four letters on several subjects to persons of quality, the fourth being
+an answer to the Bishop of Lincoln's book, entitled P<span class="smcap lowercase">OPERY</span>, &amp;c., by
+Peter Walsh. 1686. 8vo.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">A C<span class="smcap lowercase">ONFUTATION OF THE</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">HIEF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">OCTRINES OF</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">OPERY</span>. A Sermon preached before
+the King, 1678, by William Lloyd, D.D. 1679. 4to.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">A S<span class="smcap lowercase">ERMON</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">REACHED AT</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">T.</span> M<span class="smcap lowercase">ARGARET'S,</span>
+W<span class="smcap lowercase">ESTMINSTER, BEFORE THE</span> H<span class="smcap lowercase">OUSE OF</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">OMMONS</span>,
+M<span class="smcap lowercase">AY</span> 29, 1685, by W. Sherlock, D.D. 4to. London, 1685.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">P<span class="smcap lowercase">OPE'S</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">ITERARY</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORRESPONDENCE.</span> Vol. III. Curll. 1735.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">A<span class="smcap lowercase">LMANACS</span>, any for the year 1752.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">M<span class="smcap lowercase">ATTHIAS'</span> O<span class="smcap lowercase">BSERVATIONS ON</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">RAY.</span> 8vo. 1815.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">HAKSPEARE,</span> J<span class="smcap lowercase">OHNSON, AND</span>
+S<span class="smcap lowercase">TEVENS, WITH</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">EED'S</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">DDITIONS.</span> 3rd Edition,
+1785. Vol. V.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">WIFT'S</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">ORKS</span>, Faulkner's Edition. 8 Vols. 12mo. Dublin, 1747. Vol. III.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">S<span class="smcap lowercase">OUTHEY'S</span> P<span class="smcap lowercase">ENINSULAR</span> W<span class="smcap lowercase">AR.</span> Vols. V. VI. 8vo.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">J<span class="smcap lowercase">OURNAL OF THE</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">EOLOGICAL</span>
+S<span class="smcap lowercase">OCIETY OF</span> D<span class="smcap lowercase">UBLIN.</span> Vol. I. Part I. (One or
+more copies.)</p>
+
+<p class="indh">T<span class="smcap lowercase">HE</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">NTIQUARY.</span> 8vo. Edinburgh, 1816. Vols. I. and II.</p>
+
+<p class="indh">H<span class="smcap lowercase">ISTORY AND</span> A<span class="smcap lowercase">NTIQUITIES OF</span> T<span class="smcap lowercase">WICKENHAM</span>, being the First Part of Parochial
+Collections for the County of Middlesex, begun in 1780 by E. Ironside,
+Esq., London, 1797. (This work forms 1 vol. of Miscell. Antiquities in
+continuation of the Bib. Topographica, and is usually bound in the 10th
+Volume.)</p>
+
+<p class="indh6">
+<span class="topnum">*</span><span class="botnum">*</span><span class="topnum">*</span> Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, <i>carriage
+free</i>, to be sent to
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186.
+Fleet Street.</p>
+
+
+
+
+<h3>
+<span class="bla">Notices to Correspondents.</span>
+</h3>
+
+
+
+<p><i>Although we have this week again enlarged our Paper to 24 pages, we
+have to apologise for the omission of many interesting articles.</i>
+ D<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> L<span class="smcap lowercase">OTSKY'S</span> "Panslavic
+ Literature and the British Museum," <i>and the
+communication of a Subscriber to the Anglo-Catholic Library on Bishop
+Overall's</i> Convocation Book, <i>shall appear next week. Where may we send
+the latter a proof?</i></p>
+
+
+<p>C. (Jamaica) <i>will find the history of the line from Philip Gualtier's</i>
+"Alexandreis,"&mdash;</p>
+
+<div class="poem">
+
+ <p> "Incidis in Scyllam, cupiens vitare Charybdim,"</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p><i>in our</i> 2nd Vol. pp. 85. 136. 141.</p>
+
+
+<p>A L<span class="smcap lowercase">IVERPOOL</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">ORRESPONDENT.</span> <i>Yes,
+ as many as he takes the box for. Neat
+wines means pure wines.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>W. F.'s <i>very valuable suggestion shall not be lost sight of.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>Æ<span class="smcap lowercase">GROTUS.</span> <i>The Moonlight reply was in type for last Number, but omitted
+from want of room. The parallel was a very fair one; but those to whom
+it was not obvious might have misconstrued the allusion.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>R<span class="smcap lowercase">EPLIES</span> R<span class="smcap lowercase">ECEIVED.</span>&mdash;<i>Grimsdyke&mdash;Pasquinade&mdash;Charles II. and Written
+Sermons&mdash;Welwood Memoirs&mdash;Sheridan's MS. Drama&mdash;Execution at
+Durham&mdash;Caxton Memorial&mdash;The Rev. Mr. Gay&mdash;Duke of Monmouth's Pocket
+Book&mdash;Serpent with Human Head&mdash;Childe Harold&mdash;Peter Wilkins,
+&amp;c.&mdash;Meaning of Dray&mdash;Pauper's Badge&mdash;Burke's Mighty Boar of the
+Forest&mdash;Godfrey Higgins' Works, &amp;c.&mdash;Poetic Imitations&mdash;Cognation of the
+Jews and Lacedæmonians&mdash;Bourchier Family&mdash;Curious Monumental
+Inscription&mdash;A little Bird told me&mdash;Colonies in England&mdash;Pharetram de
+Tutesbit&mdash;Coleridge's Christabel&mdash;Cagots&mdash;Touching for the Evil&mdash;Three
+Estates of the Realm&mdash;Wat the Hare&mdash;Flemish account&mdash;Mary Queen of
+Scots&mdash;Termination "-aster"&mdash;Medical Use of Pigeons&mdash;Bess of Hardwicke.</i></p>
+
+
+<p><i>Copies of our Prospectus, according to the suggestions of</i> T. E. H.,
+<i>will be forwarded to any correspondent willing to assist us by
+circulating them.</i></p>
+
+<p>V<span class="smcap lowercase">OLS.</span> I., II., <i>and</i> III., <i>with very copious Indices, may still be had,
+price</i> 9<i>s.</i> 6<i>d. each, neatly bound in cloth.</i></p>
+
+
+<p>N<span class="smcap lowercase">OTES AND</span> Q<span class="smcap lowercase">UERIES</span> <i>is published at noon on Friday, so that our country
+Subscribers may receive it on Saturday. The subscription for the Stamped
+Edition is 10s. 2d. for Six Months, which may be paid by Post-office
+Order drawn in favour of our Publisher,</i>
+ M<span class="smcap lowercase">R.</span> G<span class="smcap lowercase">EORGE</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, 186. Fleet
+Street; <i>to whose care all communications for the Editor should be
+addressed.</i></p>
+
+
+<p><i>Errata.</i>&mdash;In the article "<i>Panslavic</i> Sketches," l. 2. for "late<i>nt</i>"
+read "late<i>st</i>;" l. 6. for "T<i>i</i>ssalonichi" read "T<i>e</i>ssalonichi;" and
+l. 9. for "historical" read "<i>ante-historical</i>." Page 313. col. 2. l.
+46. for "repent<i>i</i>" read "repent<i>e</i>."</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+<p class="center">MISS STRICKLAND'S NEW SERIES OF<br />
+ ROYAL BIOGRAPHIES.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap"> LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, and English Princesses connected with
+the Regal Succession of Great Britain.</p>
+
+<p>Two Volumes are published, containing the Lives of Margaret Tudor,
+Magdaline of France, Mary of Lorraine, and Margaret Countess of Lennox.</p>
+
+<p>Vol. III. will contain the first part of the Life of Mary Queen of
+Scots.</p>
+
+<p>To be completed in 6 vols., price 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> each, with Portraits and
+Historical Vignettes.</p>
+
+<p class="center">WILLIAM BLACKWOOD &amp; SONS, Edinburgh and London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+<p class="center">CRABB'S TECHNICAL DICTIONARY.</p>
+
+<p class="center">This day is published, in 1 vol. foolscap 8vo., price 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> extra
+cloth, with numerous woodcut illustrations,</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap"> A &nbsp;&nbsp;TECHNICAL DICTIONARY; or, a Dictionary explaining all terms of Art and
+Science. By GEORGE CRABB, Esq., M.A., Author of the "Universal
+Technological Dictionary," "Dictionary of Synonymes," &amp;c.</p>
+
+<p class="center"> London: W. MAXWELL, 32. Bell Yard, Lincoln's Inn.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND<br />
+ ANNUITY SOCIETY,</p>
+
+<p class="center">3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON.</p>
+
+<p class="center">FOUNDED A.D.&nbsp;1842.</p>
+
+<div class="box"><p>
+
+ <i>Directors.</i></p>
+
+ <p class="noindent">H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">William Cabell, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">G. Henry Drew, Esq.</p>
+
+ <p class="noindent">William Evans, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">William Freeman, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">F. Fuller, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">J. Henry Goodhart, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">T. Grissell, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">James Hunt, Esq.</p>
+
+ <p class="noindent">J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">E. Lucas, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">James Lys Seager, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">J. Basley White, Esq.</p>
+ <p class="noindent">Joseph Carter Wood, Esq.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+ <p> <i>Trustees.</i></p>
+
+ <p class="noindent"> W. Whately, Esq., Q.C.</p>
+ <p class="noindent"> L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.</p>
+ <p class="noindent"> George Drew, Esq.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="box">
+
+ <p class="noindent"><i>Consulting Counsel.</i>&mdash;Sir William P. Wood, M.P., Solicitor-General.</p>
+
+ <p class="noindent"><i>Physician.</i>&mdash;William Rich. Basham, M.D.</p>
+
+ <p class="noindent"><i>Bankers.</i>&mdash;Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p class="center1">VALUABLE PRIVILEGE.</p>
+
+<p>POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary
+difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application
+to suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed
+in the Prospectus.</p>
+
+
+<div class="box">
+
+<p class="noindent">Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100<i>l.</i>, with a Share in
+ three-fourths of the Profits:&mdash;</p>
+
+<p>Age&nbsp;&nbsp;£&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>s.</i>&nbsp;&nbsp;<i>d.</i></p>
+<p>17&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;14&nbsp;&nbsp;4</p>
+<p>22&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;1&nbsp;&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;8</p>
+<p>27&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;5</p>
+
+<p>32&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;10&nbsp;&nbsp;8</p>
+<p>37&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2&nbsp;&nbsp;18&nbsp;&nbsp;6</p>
+<p>42&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;2</p>
+
+ <p class="center" > ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<p>Now ready, price 10<i>s.</i>&nbsp;6<i>d.</i>, Second Edition, with material additions,
+INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION; being a TREATISE on BENEFIT
+BUILDING SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment,
+exemplified in the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies,
+&amp;c. With a Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life
+Assurance. By ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life
+Assurance Society, 3. Parliament Street, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+<p class="center2 bla">Musical Education.</p>
+
+<p>A CATALOGUE OF STANDARD WORKS, which are approved by the most eminent
+Teachers of Music, has just been published by Her Majesty's music
+publishers, ROBERT COCKS &amp; CO. These selected works are remarkable for
+the interest they afford to the pupils, whose love and attention are at
+once engaged, and their rapid progress ensured. All who are engaged in
+the tuition of the young will save themselves much time and trouble by
+obtaining this list, which may be had gratis and postage free.</p>
+
+<p class="center">London: ROBERT COCKS &amp; CO. New Burlington Street.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+<p class="center1">PARABLES OF OUR LORD.</p>
+
+<p class="center">On the 1st December, 1851, will be published, in imperial 4to.,
+handsomely bound, price Two Guineas,</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">PARABLES OF OUR LORD AND SAVIOUR,
+JESUS CHRIST, illustrated, in Twelve Designs, by JOHN FRANKLIN, and
+engraved in Line by P. Lightfoot, W. H. Watt, A. Blanchard, F. Joubert,
+E. Goodall, and H. Nusser. Fifty First-proof Copies will be printed upon
+half-sheet imperial India paper in a Portfolio, price Five Guineas.</p>
+
+
+ <p class="center"> London: J. MITCHELL, Bookseller and Publisher to the Queen,
+ Royal Library, 33. Old Bond Street.</p>
+
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">PROVENÇAL AND OLD FRENCH DIALECTS.&mdash;Honnorat, Dictionnaire Provençal et
+Français, 4 vols. 4to. Paris, 1847&mdash;49.; sd. 42<i>s.</i>&mdash;&OElig;uvres de
+Godolin, in Languedocian and French, imp. 8vo. Toulouse, 1843, 772 pp.
+plates; sd. 10<i>s.</i>&mdash;Fallot, Recherches de la Langue Française et de ses
+Dialectes au XIII. Siècle, royal 8vo. 600 pp. Paris, 1830. sd.
+9<i>s.</i>&mdash;Jubinal, Nouveau Recueil de Contes, Dits, Fabliaux des XIII. XIV.
+et XV. Siècles, 2 vols. 8vo. Paris, 1839. sd. 9<i>s.</i>&mdash;Rothe, Les Romans
+du Renard, 8vo. Paris, 1845. 524 pp. sd. 7<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i></p>
+
+<p>Catalogues of Cheap and Rare Books in all the Languages and Dialects of
+Europe and Asia, published Monthly, and sent out Gratis.</p>
+
+<p class="center">BERNARD QUARITCH, Second-hand Foreign Bookseller, 16. Castle Street,
+Leicester Square.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">ARCHITECTURAL PUBLICATION SOCIETY.</p>
+
+<p>PART II., for the Year 1850-51, is now ready for delivery.</p>
+
+<p>The Committee, being prepared to commence the publication of the
+"Cyclopædia of Architecture," invite the attention of the Members and
+the Profession to the LIST OF TERMS already issued, and request their
+co-operation by the contribution of Drawings and Text for subjects
+contained in that list under the letter A.</p>
+
+<p>Communications as to terms, &amp;c. to be addressed to the Honorary
+Secretary, MR. WYATT PAPWORTH, 14A, Great Marlborough Street.</p>
+
+<p>London, 24th October, 1851.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center">Vols. I. and II. now ready.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Elegantly bound in ultramarine cloth, gilt edges, price 6<i>s.</i> each.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">GIRLHOOD OF SHAKSPEARE'S HEROINES.</p>
+
+<p>A Series of Fifteen Tales. By MARY COWDEN CLARKE. Periodically, in One
+Shilling Books, each containing a complete Story.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. I. Price 6<i>s.</i></p>
+
+
+ <p class="indh"> Tale I. PORTIA: THE HEIRESS OF BELMONT.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale II. THE THANE'S DAUGHTER.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale III. HELENA: THE PHYSICIAN'S ORPHAN.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale IV. DESDEMONA: THE MAGNIFICO'S CHILD.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale V. MEG AND ALICE: THE MERRY MAIDS OF WINDSOR.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. II. Price 6<i>s.</i></p>
+
+
+ <p class="indh">Tale VI. ISABELLA: THE VOTARESS.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale VII. KATHARINA AND BIANCA: THE SHREW, AND THE DEMURE.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale VIII. OPHELIA: THE ROSE OF ELSINORE.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale IX. ROSALIND AND CELIA: THE FRIENDS.</p>
+ <p class="indh">Tale X. JULIET: THE WHITE DOVE OF VERONA.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">Vol. III. (In progress.)</p>
+
+
+ <p class="indh"> Tale XI. BEATRICE AND HERO: THE COUSINS.</p>
+ <p class="indh"> Tale XII. OLIVIA: THE LADY OF ILLYRIA.</p>
+
+
+<p class="center1">SMITH &amp; CO., 136. Strand; and SIMPKIN &amp; CO., Stationers' Hall Court.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">LONDON LIBRARY, 12. St. James's Square.&mdash;Patron&mdash;His Royal Highness
+Prince ALBERT.</p>
+
+<p>This Institution now offers to its members a collection of 60,000
+volumes, to which additions are constantly making, both in English and
+foreign literature. A reading room is also open for the use of the
+members, supplied with the best English and foreign periodicals.</p>
+
+<p>Terms of admission&mdash;entrance fee, 6<i>l.</i>; annual subscription, 2<i>l.</i>; or
+entrance fee and life subscription, 26<i>l.</i></p>
+
+<p class="i5"> By order of the Committee.</p>
+
+<p> September, 1851. </p>
+
+<p class="i5">J. G. COCHRANE, Secretary and Librarian.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">EVERY READER OF NOTES AND QUERIES should possess a Copy of TODD'S INDEX
+RERUM, decidedly the best Common-place Book extant, for recording Facts
+and Data. It is far easier, simpler, and more useful than LOCKE'S, and
+has been highly recommended by the most eminent scholars and literary
+men. A recent Edition, Revised, in royal 8vo., strongly half-bound,
+price 5<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, has been published by RICHARD JAMES KENNETT, 14. York
+Street, Covent Garden; and can be had of all Booksellers, by order.</p>
+
+<p><span class="topnum">*</span><span class="botnum">*</span><span class="topnum">*</span> Sent free to any part of the Kingdom for 6<i>s.</i>, by
+addressing a Post Office order or stamps as above.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">MESSRS. PUTTICK and SIMPSON beg to announce that their season for SALES
+of LITERARY PROPERTY will COMMENCE on NOVEMBER 1st. In addressing
+Executors and others entrusted with the disposal of Libraries, and
+collections (however limited or extensive) of Manuscripts, Autographs,
+Prints, Pictures, Music, Musical Instruments, Objects of Art and Virtu,
+and Works connected with Literature, and the Arts generally, they would
+suggest a Sale by Auction as the readiest and surest method of obtaining
+their full value; and conceive that the central situation of their
+premises, 191. Piccadilly (near St. James's Church), their extensive
+connexion of more than half a century's standing, and their prompt
+settlement of the sale accounts in cash, are advantages that will not be
+unappreciated. Messrs. P. &amp; S. will also receive small Parcels of Books
+or other Literary Property, and insert them in occasional Sales with
+property of a kindred description, thus giving the same advantages to
+the possessor of a few Lots as to the owner of a large Collection.</p>
+
+<p><span class="topnum">*</span><span class="botnum">*</span><span class="topnum">*</span> Libraries
+ Catalogued, Arranged, and Valued for the Probate
+or Legacy Duty, or for Public or Private Sale.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center">Valuable Effects of the late Stanesby Alchorne, Esq., including a
+well-known and very important Picture by Murillo.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will sell by
+Auction at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on WEDNESDAY, November 12,
+the valuable Effects of the late Stanesby Alchorne, Esq., of the Tower,
+including his Numismatic Library, very important MSS. relating to Mint
+affairs, Royal and other Autographs (47 of Sir Isaac Newton), the
+celebrated Hydrostatic Balance made for the adjustment of the Standard
+in 1758, a most important series of Weights, including the original and
+unique Troy Pound, the collection of Coins, Medals in gold, silver, and
+bronze, in the finest condition, many being patterns and
+proofs.&mdash;Catalogues will be sent on application: if in the country, on
+receipt of four stamps.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+<p class="center1">ALMANACKS FOR 1852.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WHITAKER'S CLERGYMAN'S DIARY, for 1852, will contain a Diary, with Table
+of Lessons, Collects, &amp;c., and full directions for Public Worship for
+every day in the year, with blank spaces for Memoranda: A list of all
+the Bishops and other Dignitaries of the Church, arranged under the
+order of their respective Dioceses; Bishops of the Scottish and American
+Churches; and particulars respecting the Roman Catholic and Greek
+Churches; together with Statistics of the various Religious Sects in
+England; Particulars of the Societies connected with the Church; of the
+Universities, &amp;c. Members of both Houses of Convocation, of both Houses
+of Parliament, the Government, Courts of Law, &amp;c. With Instructions to
+Candidates for Holy Orders; and a variety of information useful to all
+Clergymen, price in cloth 3<i>s.</i>, or 5<i>s.</i> as a pocket-book with tuck.</p>
+
+
+<p>THE FAMILY ALMANACK AND EDUCATIONAL REGISTER for 1852 will contain, in
+addition to the more than usual contents of an Almanack for Family Use,
+a List of the Universities of the United Kingdom, with the Heads of
+Houses, Professors, &amp;c. A List of the various Colleges connected with
+the Church of England, Roman Catholics, and various Dissenting bodies.
+Together with a complete List of all the Foundation and Grammar Schools,
+with an Account of the Scholarships and Exhibitions attached to them; to
+which is added an Appendix, containing an Account of the Committee of
+Council on Education, and the various Training Institutions for
+Teachers; compiled from original sources.</p>
+
+<p>WHITAKER'S PENNY ALMANACK FOR CHURCHMEN. Containing thirty-six pages of
+Useful Information, including a Table of the Lessons; Lists of both
+Houses of Parliament, &amp;c. &amp;c., stitched in a neat wrapper.</p>
+
+<p class="center">JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford and London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE BEST IS THE CHEAPEST.</p>
+
+
+
+<table summary="Tea Pricelist">
+
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Congou Tea</td><td class="tdleft">3<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">per lb.</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Souchong Tea</td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Gunpowder Tea</td><td class="tdleft">5<i>s.</i> 8<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best Old Mocha Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Best West India Coffee</td><td class="tdleft">1<i>s.</i> 4<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+<tr><td class="tdleft"></td><td class="tdleft">The Fine True Ripe Rich<br />Rare Souchong Tea </td><td class="tdleft">4<i>s.</i> 0<i>d.</i></td><td class="tdleft">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;"</td></tr>
+
+</table>
+
+<p class="noindent">40<i>s.</i> worth or upwards sent CARRIAGE FREE to any part of England by</p>
+
+<p class="center"> PHILLIPS &amp; CO., TEA MERCHANTS,
+ No. 8. King William Street, City, London.</p>
+
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+ <p class="center"> In 2 vols. imperial 8vo., price 4<i>l.</i> 10<i>s.</i> Illustrated by upwards of
+ 2000 Engravings on Wood.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">THE IMPERIAL DICTIONARY, English, Technological, and Scientific; adapted
+to the present State of Literature, Science, and Art, on the Basis of
+"Webster's English Dictionary;" with the Addition of many Thousand Words
+and Phrases from the other Standard Dictionaries and Encyclopædias, and
+from numerous other sources; comprising all Words purely English, and
+the principal and most generally used Technical and Scientific Terms,
+together with their Etymologies, and their Pronunciation, according to
+the best authorities.</p>
+
+<p class="center">CHARACTER OF THE WORK.</p>
+
+<p>This work is admitted to be superior to any Dictionary hitherto offered
+to the public. See opinions in Prospectus from Rev. James Robertson,
+D.D., Professor of Divinity and Ecclesiastical History, University of
+Edinburgh; Rev. Philip Killand, M.A., Professor of Mathematics,
+University of Edinburgh; Rev. John Fleming, D.D., Professor of Natural
+Science, New College, Edinburgh; Rev. Thomas Luby, Senior Fellow of
+Trinity College, Dublin; James Thomson, LL.D., Professor of Mathematics,
+University of Glasgow.</p>
+
+<p class="center"> BLACKIE &amp; SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street,
+ Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"> Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges,&nbsp;9<i>s.</i>; Morocco elegant,&nbsp;11<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">BOOK OF SCOTTISH SONG; a Collection of the Best and most approved Songs
+of Scotland, Ancient and Modern; with Critical and Historical Notices
+regarding them and their Authors, and an Essay on Scottish Song. With
+engraved Frontispiece and Title.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "The neatest and most comprehensive collection of Scottish
+ minstrelsy, ancient and modern."&mdash;<i>Edinburgh Advertiser.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center1"> Handsomely bound in cloth, gilt edges,&nbsp;9<i>s.</i>; Morocco elegant,&nbsp;11<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p>BOOK OF SCOTTISH BALLADS; a Comprehensive Collection of the Ballads of
+Scotland, with numerous Illustrative Notes, by the Editor of "The Book
+of Scottish Song." With engraved Frontispiece and Title.</p>
+
+<p class="blockquot"> "A rich and valuable collection&mdash;accompanied by critical and
+ bibliographical illustrations which add largely to the interest
+ of the volume."&mdash;<i>John Bull.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center"> BLACKIE &amp; SON, Queen Street, Glasgow; South College Street,
+ Edinburgh; and Warwick Square, London.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+ <p class="center"> BOHN'S STANDARD LIBRARY FOR NOVEMBER.</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent cap">VASARI'S LIVES of the PAINTERS, SCULPTORS, and ARCHITECTS, translated by
+MRS. FOSTER. Vol. 4. Post 8vo. 3<i>s.</i>&nbsp;6<i>d.</i></p>
+
+<p>Of this work the Westminster and Foreign Quarterly says, "The
+enthralling Biographies of Vasari&mdash;biographies which from their peculiar
+diversity and fascination have caused the late unfortunate Haydon to
+exclaim with enthusiasm, 'If I were confined to three books, in a desert
+island, I would certainly choose the Bible, Shakespeare, and Vasari.'"</p>
+
+<p class="center"> HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, &amp; 6, York Street, Covent Garden.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+ <p class="center"> BOHN'S CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOR NOVEMBER.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">LUCRETIUS, literally translated into English Prose, with Notes, by the
+Rev. J. S. WATSON; to which is adjoined the Metrical Version of JOHN
+MASON GOOD. Post 8vo. 5<i>s.</i></p>
+
+ <p class="center"> HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, &amp; 6, York Street, Covent Garden.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"> BOHN'S SCIENTIFIC LIBRARY FOR NOVEMBER.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">DR. MANTELL'S PETRIFACTIONS and their TEACHINGS; an illustrated
+Hand-book to the Fossils in the BRITISH MUSEUM, numerous beautiful Wood
+Engravings. Post 8vo. 6<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center"> HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, &amp; 6, York Street, Covent Garden.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center">BOHN'S ILLUSTRATED LIBRARY FOR NOVEMBER.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">REDDING'S HISTORY and DESCRIPTION of WINES. New and revised Edition,
+with 20 beautiful Woodcuts, and Frontispiece engraved on steel. Post
+8vo. 5<i>s.</i></p>
+
+<p class="center">HENRY G. BOHN, 4, 5, &amp; 6, York Street, Covent Garden.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"> Cloth, One Shilling, pp. 160.</p>
+
+<p class="noindent cap">WELSH SKETCHES, chiefly ECCLESIASTICAL, to the Close of the Twelfth
+Century. By the Author of "Proposals for Christian Union, &amp;c."</p>
+
+<p>CONTENTS:&mdash;1. Bardism. 2. The Kings of Wales. 3. The Welsh Church. 4.
+Monastic Institutions. 5. Giraldus Cambrensis.</p>
+
+<p class="center"> JAMES DARLING, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's Inn Fields.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+
+<p class="center2"> NEW WORKS,</p>
+ <p class="center"> PUBLISHED BY</p>
+ <p class="center1">TAYLOR, WALTON, AND MABERLY.</p>
+
+
+<p>BUFF'S LETTERS ON THE PHYSICS OF THE EARTH, By Dr. A. W. HOFMANN.
+Foolscap 8vo, 5<i>s.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>LARDNER ON THE STEAM ENGINE, STEAM NAVIGATION, ROADS AND RAILWAYS. New
+and Cheap Edition. Large 12mo. 8<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>LATHAM'S HANDBOOK OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. 12mo. 8<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>LARDNER'S HANDBOOK OF NATURAL PHILOSOPHY AND ASTRONOMY. First Course.
+Large 12mo. 12<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>LIEBIG'S FAMILIAR LETTERS ON CHEMISTRY. New and Cheap Edition. With
+additional Letters. One Volume. fcap. 8vo. 6<i>s.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>DE MORGAN'S BOOK OF ALMANACKS: with Index, by which the Almanack
+belonging to any year preceding A.D. 2000 can be found; with means of
+finding New and Full Moons from B.C. 2000 to A.D. 2000. Oblong 8vo.
+5<i>s.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>DR. GREGORY'S LETTERS TO A CANDID ENQUIRER ON ANIMAL MAGNETISM. 12mo.
+9<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> cloth.</p>
+
+<p>DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUES OF WORKS in SCIENCE AND GENERAL LITERATURE, and
+of SCHOOL and COLLEGE BOOKS, published by TAYLOR, WALTON, and MABERLY.
+4to. By post (free) to anyone writing for them.</p>
+
+<p>London: 28. Upper Gower Street, and 27. Ivy Lane, Paternoster Row.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+ <p class="center"> The late MR. COTTINGHAM'S Museum of Mediæval Art.</p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent cap">MESSRS. FOSTER &amp; SON are directed by the Executors of the Late L. N.
+Cottingham, Esq., F.S.A., to SELL by AUCTION, on the Premises, 43.
+Waterloo-bridge Road, on MONDAY, November 3, and about 15 following days
+(Saturdays and Sundays excepted), the COTTINGHAM MUSEUM; comprising a
+most ample and varied Series of Examples of Mediæval Architecture, of
+the Anglo-Norman, early English, decorated, perpendicular, and
+Elizabethan periods; also Fac-similes of some of the finest Monuments of
+the 13th, 14th, and 15th Centuries. In Furniture, Metal Work, Stained
+Glass, and various other Departments of Decorative Art, this Collection
+is rich in objects remarkable for their Beauty, Rarity, and Historic
+Value.</p>
+
+<p>Illustrated Catalogues, at 1<i>s.</i> each, may be had of MESSRS. FOSTER, 54.
+Pall Mall, 14 days before the Sale. The view will be on and after the
+27th of October.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+ <p class="center"> On 1st November, price 2<i>s.</i></p>
+
+
+<p class="noindent cap">NO. LXXI. OF THE ECCLESIASTIC.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Contents:</p>
+
+<p> 1. ELEMENTARY THEOLOGY&mdash;WESTCOTT AND CHRETIEN.</p>
+<p> 2. BIRK'S LIFE OF BICKERSTETH.</p>
+<p> 3. ERASTIANISM.</p>
+<p> 4. ANTICHRIST, AND THE BABYLON OF THE APOCALYPSE.</p>
+<p> 5. SYNODICAL ACTION.</p>
+
+<p class="center">Reviews and Notices.</p>
+
+<p class="center">London: J. MASTERS, Aldersgate Street and New Bond Street.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="boxad">
+
+<p class="center"> This day, No. 13., Imperial 4to. price 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>, (continued monthly),</p>
+
+<p class="center2">DETAILS OF GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE,</p>
+
+<p class="noindent">Measured and drawn from existing examples, by J. K. COLLING, Architect.</p>
+
+<p class="center"> CONTENTS:</p>
+
+<p> E.E. Exterior of Clerestory, West Walton Church, Norfolk,</p>
+<p> &nbsp;&nbsp;"&nbsp;&nbsp; South Porch ditto ditto.</p>
+<p> &nbsp;&nbsp;"&nbsp;&nbsp; Plan and Details ditto ditto.</p>
+<p> DEC. Window from St. Stephen's Church, near Canterbury.</p>
+<p> &nbsp;&nbsp;"&nbsp;&nbsp; Parclose Screen, Geddington Church, Northamptonshire.</p>
+<p> PER. Lectern from Hawstead Church, Suffolk.</p>
+
+<p class="center1">London: DAVID BOGUE and GEORGE BELL, Fleet Street.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+
+
+<p class="noindent"> Printed by T<span class="smcap lowercase">HOMAS</span> C<span class="smcap lowercase">LARK</span> S<span class="smcap lowercase">HAW</span>, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No.
+ 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of
+ London: and published by
+G<span class="smcap lowercase">EORGE</span> B<span class="smcap lowercase">ELL</span>, of No. 186. Fleet Street,
+ in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London,
+ Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.&mdash;Saturday,
+ November 1. 1851.
+</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<div class="tnbox">
+
+<p class="noindent">Transcriber's Note: Original spelling variations have not been
+ standardized.</p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="indh"><a id="pageslist1"></a><a title="Return to top" href="#was_added1"> Pages
+ in "Notes and Queries", Vol. I-IV</a> </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 1 November 3, 1849. Pages 1 - 17 PG # 8603 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 2 November 10, 1849. Pages 18 - 32 PG # 11265 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 3 November 17, 1849. Pages 33 - 46 PG # 11577 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 4 November 24, 1849. Pages 49 - 63 PG # 13513 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 5 December 1, 1849. Pages 65 - 80 PG # 11636 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 6 December 8, 1849. Pages 81 - 95 PG # 13550 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 7 December 15, 1849. Pages 97 - 112 PG # 11651 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 8 December 22, 1849. Pages 113 - 128 PG # 11652 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 9 December 29, 1849. Pages 130 - 144 PG # 13521 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 10 January 5, 1850. Pages 145 - 160 PG # </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 11 January 12, 1850. Pages 161 - 176 PG # 11653 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 12 January 19, 1850. Pages 177 - 192 PG # 11575 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 13 January 26, 1850. Pages 193 - 208 PG # 11707 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 14 February 2, 1850. Pages 209 - 224 PG # 13558 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 15 February 9, 1850. Pages 225 - 238 PG # 11929 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 16 February 16, 1850. Pages 241 - 256 PG # 16193 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 17 February 23, 1850. Pages 257 - 271 PG # 12018 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 18 March 2, 1850. Pages 273 - 288 PG # 13544 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 19 March 9, 1850. Pages 289 - 309 PG # 13638 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 20 March 16, 1850. Pages 313 - 328 PG # 16409 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 21 March 23, 1850. Pages 329 - 343 PG # 11958 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 22 March 30, 1850. Pages 345 - 359 PG # 12198 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 23 April 6, 1850. Pages 361 - 376 PG # 12505 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 24 April 13, 1850. Pages 377 - 392 PG # 13925 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 25 April 20, 1850. Pages 393 - 408 PG # 13747 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 26 April 27, 1850. Pages 409 - 423 PG # 13822 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 27 May 4, 1850. Pages 425 - 447 PG # 13712 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 28 May 11, 1850. Pages 449 - 463 PG # 13684 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 29 May 18, 1850. Pages 465 - 479 PG # 15197 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. I No. 30 May 25, 1850. Pages 481 - 495 PG # 13713 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. II. </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 31 June 1, 1850. Pages 1- 15 PG # 12589 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 32 June 8, 1850. Pages 17- 32 PG # 15996 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 33 June 15, 1850. Pages 33- 48 PG # 26121 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 34 June 22, 1850. Pages 49- 64 PG # 22127 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 35 June 29, 1850. Pages 65- 79 PG # 22126 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 36 July 6, 1850. Pages 81- 96 PG # 13361 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 37 July 13, 1850. Pages 97-112 PG # 13729 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 38 July 20, 1850. Pages 113-128 PG # 13362 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 39 July 27, 1850. Pages 129-143 PG # 13736 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 40 August 3, 1850. Pages 145-159 PG # 13389 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 41 August 10, 1850. Pages 161-176 PG # 13393 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 42 August 17, 1850. Pages 177-191 PG # 13411 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 43 August 24, 1850. Pages 193-207 PG # 13406 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 44 August 31, 1850. Pages 209-223 PG # 13426 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 45 September 7, 1850. Pages 225-240 PG # 13427 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 46 September 14, 1850. Pages 241-256 PG # 13462 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 47 September 21, 1850. Pages 257-272 PG # 13936 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 48 September 28, 1850. Pages 273-288 PG # 13463 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 49 October 5, 1850. Pages 289-304 PG # 13480 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 50 October 12, 1850. Pages 305-320 PG # 13551 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 51 October 19, 1850. Pages 321-351 PG # 15232 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 52 October 26, 1850. Pages 353-367 PG # 22624 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 53 November 2, 1850. Pages 369-383 PG # 13540 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 54 November 9, 1850. Pages 385-399 PG # 22138 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 55 November 16, 1850. Pages 401-415 PG # 15216 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 56 November 23, 1850. Pages 417-431 PG # 15354 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 57 November 30, 1850. Pages 433-454 PG # 15405 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 58 December 7, 1850. Pages 457-470 PG # 21503 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 59 December 14, 1850. Pages 473-486 PG # 15427 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 60 December 21, 1850. Pages 489-502 PG # 24803 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. II No. 61 December 28, 1850. Pages 505-524 PG # 16404 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. III. </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 62 January 4, 1851. Pages 1- 15 PG # 15638 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 63 January 11, 1851. Pages 17- 31 PG # 15639 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 64 January 18, 1851. Pages 33- 47 PG # 15640 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 65 January 25, 1851. Pages 49- 78 PG # 15641 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 66 February 1, 1851. Pages 81- 95 PG # 22339 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 67 February 8, 1851. Pages 97-111 PG # 22625 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 68 February 15, 1851. Pages 113-127 PG # 22639 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 69 February 22, 1851. Pages 129-159 PG # 23027 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 70 March 1, 1851. Pages 161-174 PG # 23204 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 71 March 8, 1851. Pages 177-200 PG # 23205 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 72 March 15, 1851. Pages 201-215 PG # 23212 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 73 March 22, 1851. Pages 217-231 PG # 23225 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 74 March 29, 1851. Pages 233-255 PG # 23282 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 75 April 5, 1851. Pages 257-271 PG # 23402 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 76 April 12, 1851. Pages 273-294 PG # 26896 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 77 April 19, 1851. Pages 297-311 PG # 26897 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 78 April 26, 1851. Pages 313-342 PG # 26898 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 79 May 3, 1851. Pages 345-359 PG # 26899 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 80 May 10, 1851. Pages 361-382 PG # 32495 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 81 May 17, 1851. Pages 385-399 PG # 29318 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 82 May 24, 1851. Pages 401-415 PG # 28311 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 83 May 31, 1851. Pages 417-440 PG # 36835 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 84 June 7, 1851. Pages 441-472 PG # 37379 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 85 June 14, 1851. Pages 473-488 PG # 37403 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 86 June 21, 1851. Pages 489-511 PG # 37496 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. III No. 87 June 28, 1851. Pages 513-528 PG # 37516 </p>
+</div>
+
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Notes and Queries Vol. IV. </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol., No., Date, Year, Pages, PG # </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 88 July 5, 1851. Pages 1- 15 PG # 37548 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 89 July 12, 1851. Pages 17- 31 PG # 37568 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 90 July 19, 1851. Pages 33- 47 PG # 37593 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 91 July 26, 1851. Pages 49- 79 PG # 37778 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 92 August 2, 1851. Pages 81- 94 PG # 38324 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 93 August 9, 1851. Pages 97-112 PG # 38337 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 94 August 16, 1851. Pages 113-127 PG # 38350 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 95 August 23, 1851. Pages 129-144 PG # 38386 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 96 August 30, 1851. Pages 145-167 PG # 38405 </p>
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 97 September 6, 1851. Pages 169-183 PG # 38433 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 98 September 13, 1851. Pages 185-200 PG # 38491 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 99 September 20, 1851. Pages 201-216 PG # 38574 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 100 September 27, 1851. Pages 217-246 PG # 38656 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 101 October 4, 1851. Pages 249-264 PG # 38701 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 102 October 11, 1851. Pages 265-287 PG # 38773 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 103 October 18, 1851. Pages 289-303 PG # 38864 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> Vol. IV No. 104 October 25, 1851. Pages 305-333 PG # 38926 </p>
+
+</div>
+
+<div class="tnbox2">
+<p class="noindent"> Vol I. Index. [Nov. 1849-May 1850] PG # 13536 </p>
+<p class="noindent"> INDEX TO THE SECOND VOLUME. MAY-DEC., 1850 PG # 13571 </p>
+
+<p class="noindent"> INDEX TO THE THIRD VOLUME. JAN.-JUNE, 1851 PG # 26770 </p>
+ </div>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Vol. IV, Number
+105, November 1, 1851, by Various
+
+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES, NOV 1, 1851 ***
+
+***** This file should be named 39076-h.htm or 39076-h.zip *****
+This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
+ http://www.gutenberg.org/3/9/0/7/39076/
+
+Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram and the Online
+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
+file was produced from images generously made available
+by The Internet Library of Early Journals.)
+
+
+Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions
+will be renamed.
+
+Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no
+one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation
+(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
+permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
+set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply to
+copying and distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works to
+protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm concept and trademark. Project
+Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
+charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If you
+do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying with the
+rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose
+such as creation of derivative works, reports, performances and
+research. They may be modified and printed and given away--you may do
+practically ANYTHING with public domain eBooks. Redistribution is
+subject to the trademark license, especially commercial
+redistribution.
+
+
+
+*** START: FULL LICENSE ***
+
+THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
+PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
+
+To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
+distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
+(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License (available with this file or online at
+http://gutenberg.org/license).
+
+
+Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic works
+
+1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
+and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
+(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
+the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or destroy
+all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your possession.
+If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the
+terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
+entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph 1.E.8.
+
+1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
+used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
+agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
+things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
+even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
+paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this agreement
+and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works. See paragraph 1.E below.
+
+1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the Foundation"
+or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection of Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
+collection are in the public domain in the United States. If an
+individual work is in the public domain in the United States and you are
+located in the United States, we do not claim a right to prevent you from
+copying, distributing, performing, displaying or creating derivative
+works based on the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg
+are removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
+Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting free access to electronic works by
+freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm works in compliance with the terms of
+this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with
+the work. You can easily comply with the terms of this agreement by
+keeping this work in the same format with its attached full Project
+Gutenberg-tm License when you share it without charge with others.
+
+1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
+what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are in
+a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States, check
+the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this agreement
+before downloading, copying, displaying, performing, distributing or
+creating derivative works based on this work or any other Project
+Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no representations concerning
+the copyright status of any work in any country outside the United
+States.
+
+1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
+
+1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other immediate
+access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear prominently
+whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work on which the
+phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the phrase "Project
+Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed, performed, viewed,
+copied or distributed:
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with
+almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or
+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org
+
+1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is derived
+from the public domain (does not contain a notice indicating that it is
+posted with permission of the copyright holder), the work can be copied
+and distributed to anyone in the United States without paying any fees
+or charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a work
+with the phrase "Project Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the
+work, you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1
+through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the
+Project Gutenberg-tm trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or
+1.E.9.
+
+1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
+with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
+must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any additional
+terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms will be linked
+to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works posted with the
+permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.
+
+1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
+work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
+
+1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
+electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
+prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
+active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm License.
+
+1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
+compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including any
+word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access to or
+distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format other than
+"Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official version
+posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site (www.gutenberg.org),
+you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide a
+copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of obtaining a copy upon
+request, of the work in its original "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other
+form. Any alternate format must include the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
+
+1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
+performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
+unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
+
+1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
+access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works provided
+that
+
+- You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
+ the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
+ you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is
+ owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he
+ has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the
+ Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments
+ must be paid within 60 days following each date on which you
+ prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
+ returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked as such and
+ sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the
+ address specified in Section 4, "Information about donations to
+ the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation."
+
+- You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
+ you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
+ does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
+ License. You must require such a user to return or
+ destroy all copies of the works possessed in a physical medium
+ and discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of
+ Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+- You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of any
+ money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
+ electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days
+ of receipt of the work.
+
+- You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
+ distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
+
+1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg-tm
+electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
+forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
+both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and Michael
+Hart, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark. Contact the
+Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
+
+1.F.
+
+1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
+effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
+public domain works in creating the Project Gutenberg-tm
+collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may contain
+"Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate or
+corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other intellectual
+property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium, a
+computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot be read by
+your equipment.
+
+1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
+of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
+Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
+Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
+liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
+fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
+LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
+PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
+TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
+LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
+INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
+DAMAGE.
+
+1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
+defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
+receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
+written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
+received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium with
+your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
+the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in lieu of a
+refund. If you received the work electronically, the person or entity
+providing it to you may choose to give you a second opportunity to
+receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
+is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing without further
+opportunities to fix the problem.
+
+1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
+in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS' WITH NO OTHER
+WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
+WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
+
+1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
+warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
+If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
+law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
+interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by
+the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
+provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.
+
+1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
+trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
+providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in accordance
+with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the production,
+promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works,
+harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including legal fees,
+that arise directly or indirectly from any of the following which you do
+or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg-tm
+work, (b) alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
+Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any Defect you cause.
+
+
+Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
+electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of computers
+including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It exists
+because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations from
+people in all walks of life.
+
+Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
+assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
+goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
+remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
+Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
+and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future generations.
+To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
+and how your efforts and donations can help, see Sections 3 and 4
+and the Foundation web page at http://www.pglaf.org.
+
+
+Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
+Foundation
+
+The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
+501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
+state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
+Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
+number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is posted at
+http://pglaf.org/fundraising. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
+permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
+
+The Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr. S.
+Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees are scattered
+throughout numerous locations. Its business office is located at
+809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887, email
+business@pglaf.org. Email contact links and up to date contact
+information can be found at the Foundation's web site and official
+page at http://pglaf.org
+
+For additional contact information:
+ Dr. Gregory B. Newby
+ Chief Executive and Director
+ gbnewby@pglaf.org
+
+
+Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
+Literary Archive Foundation
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
+spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
+increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
+freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
+array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
+($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
+status with the IRS.
+
+The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
+charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
+States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
+considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
+with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
+where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To
+SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any
+particular state visit http://pglaf.org
+
+While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
+have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
+against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
+approach us with offers to donate.
+
+International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
+any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
+outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
+
+Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
+methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
+ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations.
+To donate, please visit: http://pglaf.org/donate
+
+
+Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic
+works.
+
+Professor Michael S. Hart is the originator of the Project Gutenberg-tm
+concept of a library of electronic works that could be freely shared
+with anyone. For thirty years, he produced and distributed Project
+Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.
+
+
+Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
+editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the U.S.
+unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not necessarily
+keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition.
+
+
+Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
+
+ http://www.gutenberg.org
+
+This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
+including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
+Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
+subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
+
+
+</pre>
+
+</body>
+ </html>
+
diff --git a/39076-h/images/cover.jpg b/39076-h/images/cover.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d905886
--- /dev/null
+++ b/39076-h/images/cover.jpg
Binary files differ
diff --git a/39076-h/images/image01.jpg b/39076-h/images/image01.jpg
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9c8b2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/39076-h/images/image01.jpg
Binary files differ