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diff --git a/40003-h/40003-h.htm b/40003-h/40003-h.htm index 6e5092e..8f9dc26 100644 --- a/40003-h/40003-h.htm +++ b/40003-h/40003-h.htm @@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> Australian Heroes and Adventurers, by William Pyke - A Project Gutenberg eBook. @@ -193,46 +193,7 @@ h2.endt {margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em; font-size: 120%;} /* use for foot </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's Australian Heroes and Adventurers, by William Pyke - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Australian Heroes and Adventurers - -Author: William Pyke - -Release Date: June 15, 2012 [EBook #40003] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUSTRALIAN HEROES AND ADVENTURERS *** - - - - -Produced by fh, Nick Wall and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - - - - - -</pre> - - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40003 ***</div> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 444px;"> <img src="images/illus-001.jpg" width="444" height="700" alt="Robert O'Hara Burke." @@ -575,13 +536,13 @@ equipped by the mother colony seems to have incited the colonists of Victoria to emulate the doings of their neighbours. In 1859 a patriotic offer was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span> made by an enterprising citizen of Melbourne—Mr. -Ambrose Kyte—to contribute £1000 towards +Ambrose Kyte—to contribute £1000 towards defraying the cost of fitting out an expedition to explore the vast interior of Australia. This generous offer was accepted. The project was taken up by -the Royal Society of Victoria, and the sum of £3400 +the Royal Society of Victoria, and the sum of £3400 was raised by public subscription. The Government -voted £6000, and granted an additional £3000 for +voted £6000, and granted an additional £3000 for the purchase of camels in India. Thus originated, under the most favourable auspices, the Victorian Exploring Expedition, which is now more commonly @@ -763,7 +724,7 @@ sheep station.</p> </div> <p>The Exploration Committee had instructed Burke -to establish a depôt on Cooper's Creek, and make a +to establish a depôt on Cooper's Creek, and make a line of communication between it and the Darling. When the explorers reached that river the spring season was far advanced, and soon the fervid rays of @@ -788,7 +749,7 @@ travelled slowly along the banks of the stream, recruiting the animals and looking around for a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> camping-ground. On the twenty-first they pitched on a suitable locality, and there established the -main depôt.</p> +main depôt.</p> <p>Whilst awaiting the arrival of Wright with the remainder of the company, frequent excursions were @@ -797,7 +758,7 @@ of these excursions, Mr. Wills travelled ninety miles without finding water; their camels escaped from them, and he and his companions were forced to return on foot. Fortunately for them they found a -pool on their way back to the depôt, but the camels +pool on their way back to the depôt, but the camels were never recovered. On another occasion Wills and King got into a stony desert. The knowledge obtained by means of these and other short excursions @@ -810,8 +771,8 @@ inaction, and made preparations for the journey to the Gulf of Carpentaria. As Wright did not come forward as expected, Burke got impatient, and decided to subdivide the few men he had with him as -follows:—Four men were to remain at the depôt, one -of them named William Brahé in command; and +follows:—Four men were to remain at the depôt, one +of them named William Brahé in command; and were to construct a stockade while waiting for Wright, and when he had arrived they were to seek a more available and direct route to the Darling. @@ -967,7 +928,7 @@ scarcely stand upright. By the 13th of April they had got back again to the Stony Desert. All were now nearly exhausted by their continued privations, but<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> they slowly marched on in the hope of meeting -assistance before they reached the depôt. On the +assistance before they reached the depôt. On the 16th they, with poor Gray strapped to the back of a camel almost as emaciated as himself, managed to travel seven miles; but during the night the unfortunate @@ -985,7 +946,7 @@ Wills and King the other. All next day they struggled manfully on, expecting soon to rest their aching limbs and worn-out bodies in the camp at Cooper's Creek. But on reaching the place where -they had left the depôt party, instead of seeing the +they had left the depôt party, instead of seeing the white tents of the camp gleaming in the rays of the declining sun, they saw nothing but the stockade now deserted by its former occupants. <i>There was no one @@ -993,17 +954,17 @@ there!</i> On looking eagerly around their eyes fell on the word DIG, cut in the bark of a tree. They anxiously turned up the soil, and unearthed a small parcel of provisions and a bottle containing a letter -from Brahé, in which the disappointed men read with +from Brahé, in which the disappointed men read with sinking hearts that he and his party had left the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> -depôt <i>only that very morning</i>. The document ran +depôt <i>only that very morning</i>. The document ran thus:—</p> <div class="blockquot"> <p class="lttail"> -"Depôt, Cooper's Creek, <i>April 21st, 1861</i>. +"Depôt, Cooper's Creek, <i>April 21st, 1861</i>. </p> -<p>"The depôt party of the V.E.E. leaves this camp to-day to +<p>"The depôt party of the V.E.E. leaves this camp to-day to return to the Darling. I intend to go S.E. from camp 60 deg., to get into our old track near Bulloo. Two of my companions and myself are quite well; the third, Patten, has been @@ -1025,29 +986,29 @@ render them more fit for a hospital than any further efforts on their part whatever. We will now leave the three abandoned men to recover from the first shock of their bitter disappointment, while we relate -the circumstances that prevented the depôt party +the circumstances that prevented the depôt party remaining at their post.</p> <p>Previous to departing from Cooper's Creek, Burke sent a despatch to the Exploration Committee. In -it he writes:—"I have every confidence in Brahé. +it he writes:—"I have every confidence in Brahé. The feed is good. There is no danger to be apprehended from the natives. There is nothing, therefore,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> to prevent the party remaining here until our return, or until their provisions run short." Burke's verbal -instructions to Brahé were very indefinite. He led -him to understand that the depôt party should remain +instructions to Brahé were very indefinite. He led +him to understand that the depôt party should remain at Cooper's Creek for three months, and that if the advance party did not return within that time the -camp could be broken up, and Brahé and his party +camp could be broken up, and Brahé and his party would be at liberty to quit the creek.</p> -<p>Brahé waited for four months and five days. The +<p>Brahé waited for four months and five days. The natives were troublesome for the most of the time, and confined the party to the camp. The men began to sicken and complain of scurvy, and as Wright with the rest of the company and provisions did not make -an appearance, Brahé deemed it prudent to retrace +an appearance, Brahé deemed it prudent to retrace the route from the Darling. His party went very slowly the first day, and camped a few miles down the creek. Had the ill-fated explorers of Burke's @@ -1060,7 +1021,7 @@ a hearty supper they slept all that night within a few miles of their returning companions.</p> <p>Burke, Wills, and King rested for a couple of days -at the abandoned depôt. The change of diet worked +at the abandoned depôt. The change of diet worked wonders in improving their strength and cheering their depressed spirits, and on the 23rd of April they felt equal to the task of resuming their journey.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span> @@ -1075,7 +1036,7 @@ miles, but they were sure of feed and water all the way. Unfortunately for them all, as events afterwards proved, Wills yielded to Burke's decision, and the little party started for the mount. As they were -about to leave the depôt, Burke deposited in the +about to leave the depôt, Burke deposited in the cache a letter from which we extract the following:—"We have discovered a practical route to Carpentaria, the chief portion of which lies on the 140th meridian @@ -1278,7 +1239,7 @@ the natives he was unable to finish his journey, and was forced to return. Dr. Beckler and the three men were removed to Bulloo, and reached it on the 21st of April, the day on which Burke and his two companions -arrived at the deserted depôt. A few days +arrived at the deserted depôt. A few days afterwards two of the sick men died. The natives had by this time become very troublesome, and the party were compelled to build a stockade. At last<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> @@ -1287,7 +1248,7 @@ them. Rats also abounded at the place, and did considerable damage, even attacking the men.</p> <p>On the 29th of April Wright was astonished to see -Brahé and the returning depôt party, and to hear +Brahé and the returning depôt party, and to hear from them that they had neither seen nor heard anything of the advance party for more than four months. On the evening of the same day Dr. Beckler @@ -1295,24 +1256,24 @@ died, and next day was buried. Wright was undecided how to act—first he thought of returning to Menindie, and turned back to Koorliatto Creek; but when there he thought it possible that the advance -party might have returned to the depôt, so he and -Brahé left his party in the encampment and made +party might have returned to the depôt, so he and +Brahé left his party in the encampment and made for Cooper's Creek.</p> <p>On the 8th of May, while Burke and his two companions were down at the lower part of the creek -making for Mount Hopeless, Wright and Brahé -arrived at the depôt, and seeing the place undisturbed +making for Mount Hopeless, Wright and Brahé +arrived at the depôt, and seeing the place undisturbed they concluded that the advance party had perished -in the journey northwards. Wright and Brahé made +in the journey northwards. Wright and Brahé made a terrible blunder in not digging to see if the -provisions deposited by Brahé had been removed. +provisions deposited by Brahé had been removed. After a careless look around they returned to the encampment at Koorliatto, and then the whole party set out for the River Darling. Their progress was slow, and another fatality occurred near Torowotto. On the 6th of January, Patten, who had been -gradually sinking since he left the depôt with Brahé,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span> +gradually sinking since he left the depôt with Brahé,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span> succumbed under his privations. Wright's party reached the Darling on the 18th of June, and immediately sent despatches to the Exploration Committee, @@ -1338,7 +1299,7 @@ from where we left the enfeebled explorers They adopted the life of the blacks, and managed to subsist on the nardoo, although it was very innutritious. More than a month had elapsed since -they had left the depôt, and Burke thought that +they had left the depôt, and Burke thought that a relief party might have reached that place in the interval. Wills now volunteered to return and deposit, in place of Burke's former note, a letter @@ -1422,10 +1383,10 @@ fresh and good, decided the quarrel by eating the remainder of it. The fish proved a valuable addition to his otherwise scanty meal of nardoo porridge. That night he slept in a very comfortable mia-mia, -about eleven miles from the depôt. On the 30th of +about eleven miles from the depôt. On the 30th of May he reached his destination, but found no trace of anybody except the blacks having been there, -although Wright and Brahé had visited the place +although Wright and Brahé had visited the place only twenty-two days before, at the time when Burke and himself were being treated so generously by the blacks on the lower part of the creek. He @@ -1768,7 +1729,7 @@ explorers.</p> </div> <p>From his diary we learn that, with the assistance of -Brahé, the depôt was reached on the 13th of September, +Brahé, the depôt was reached on the 13th of September, and although this ill-fated place appeared to them to be still undisturbed, they succeeded in finding King on the fifteenth. He had been living with the @@ -1938,7 +1899,7 @@ conduct of Mr. Wright appears to be reprehensible in the highest degree. The exploration committee committed errors of a serious nature in not urging Mr. Wright's departure from the Darling. The -conduct of Mr. Brahé in abandoning the depôt may +conduct of Mr. Brahé in abandoning the depôt may be deserving of considerable censure; but a responsibility far beyond his expectations devolved upon him, and his powers of endurance gave way when pressed @@ -2573,14 +2534,14 @@ mounted police, obedience to the laws.</p> Crown Lands for the purpose of searching, on behalf of the Government, for further fields of employment for gold-diggers. In addition to his salary as<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span> -Commissioner, he was at once rewarded £500 for his +Commissioner, he was at once rewarded £500 for his valuable discoveries; and subsequently, when the magnitude of their importance had become more generally realised, this amount was increased by grants from the New South Wales and Victorian Governments, and by testimonials from the citizens of Sydney and Melbourne, to the handsome extent -of £15,000.</p> +of £15,000.</p> <div class="figcenter"> <a href="images/illus-094a.jpg"><img src="images/illus-094.jpg" width="284" height="400" alt="A Bush Fire." title="A Bush Fire." /> @@ -2637,7 +2598,7 @@ managed to disembowel quartz and gold weighing over two hundredweight. Out of these lumps the mammoth treasure-trove of one hundred and sixty pounds of pure gold was obtained, which on -being sold realised the magnificent sum of £4160.</p> +being sold realised the magnificent sum of £4160.</p> <p>This "Kerr Hundredweight" eclipsed anything ever previously seen in the shape of nuggets. The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> @@ -2830,7 +2791,7 @@ leave the pioneer, for he afterwards worked in company with others, and met with no extraordinary adventures. Though remarkably successful as a digger, he was singularly unfortunate in his speculations. -Subsequently £1000 was voted to him in +Subsequently £1000 was voted to him in reward for his discoveries. He also received a grant of a piece of land on the site of the first gold-field.</p> @@ -3674,7 +3635,7 @@ an impulse of hero worship, as I sought the sole actor in the successful diversion to offer my congratulations. The myrmidons of the law now moved up the middle of the gully in close order, attended by -anything but an admiring cortége, who made it a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span> +anything but an admiring cortége, who made it a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span> point never to let the cry of 'Joe! Joe!' subside for a moment. Occasionally a license was demanded, and its production was the signal for fresh outbursts @@ -3747,10 +3708,10 @@ the diggers very harshly. Troopers would scour the neighbouring bush, and all the unfortunate diggers they captured were tied to the stumps of trees, and left there until the hunt was over, when the captives -were collected and taken to the depôt which the traps +were collected and taken to the depôt which the traps established in order to bring together the whole of their victims. From there the batch of prisoners were -marched off to the camp, and fined £5, or imprisoned. +marched off to the camp, and fined £5, or imprisoned. So much for the unlicensed digger. The digger who wished to obtain a license was obliged to travel a few miles, and then was often kept waiting at the Commissioner's @@ -3813,7 +3774,7 @@ W. Kelly as follows:—</p> <h4>AN IRISH GALLANT.</h4> -<p>"As soon as the modest cortége of the vice-regal +<p>"As soon as the modest cortége of the vice-regal party was discerned by the expectant diggers, there arose a loud shout of welcome, which was echoed and re-echoed from hill and glen, from flat and gully,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span> @@ -3981,7 +3942,7 @@ speaker was seized, <i>nolo episcopari</i> notwithstanding, and carried out in triumph to the open air, leaving the chairman to dissolve the meeting, vote himself thanks, and all the rest of it. It was then, in truth, -the <i>bonâ-fide</i> meeting commenced, and many a spirit-stirring +the <i>bonâ-fide</i> meeting commenced, and many a spirit-stirring speech bearing close upon the one text was delivered extemporaneously from the head of a barrel or the end of a waggon."</p> @@ -4066,7 +4027,7 @@ inflammable materials got into the bowling-alley at the rear and set the place on fire. The soldiers made strenuous efforts to disperse the people and save the hotel; but all in vain. Bentley succeeded -in escaping during the melée, and on a swift horse +in escaping during the melée, and on a swift horse rode to the Commissioners' camp for additional assistance. Presently more soldiers arrived on the scene, but it was too late to stop the flames, which @@ -4102,7 +4063,7 @@ greeted them with such an impetuous rush that it required the prompt efforts of both the deputation and its charge to prevent a collision with the soldiers. A monster indignation meeting followed, -at which the diggers collected £200 to be paid to +at which the diggers collected £200 to be paid to the discoverer of the murderer of Scobie. They would have collected more had not the Government also offered a reward and as well rearrested Bentley, @@ -4620,7 +4581,7 @@ with persons who were endeavouring to excite the mining population to riotous courses, but to render support and assistance to the authorities, civil and military, then stationed at Ballarat. At -the same time £500 was offered for the arrest of a +the same time £500 was offered for the arrest of a German named Vern, whom the Government believed to be the chief instigator of the outbreak. Civilians in Melbourne, Geelong, and various towns in the @@ -4708,8 +4669,8 @@ has since been condemned by the Commission." Thousands in Ballarat subscribed a similar petition.</p> <p>But the Executive remained obdurate, and on the -18th of January issued a public notice offering £400, -£200 each, for the arrest of Lalor and Black, because +18th of January issued a public notice offering £400, +£200 each, for the arrest of Lalor and Black, because of their treasonable and seditious language in inciting men to take up arms against the Queen.</p> @@ -4718,13 +4679,13 @@ whilst defending the stockade. He fell to the ground. Some of his pikemen seeing his body, covered it with slabs. When the soldiers retired with their prisoners, he managed to extricate himself -from the <i>débris</i> and make his way to his +from the <i>débris</i> and make his way to his friends. On the following day his left arm had to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span> be amputated. He secreted himself in various friendly huts at different places, and after several narrow escapes, succeeded in eluding the police in their search for fugitives. His friends proving true -to him, notwithstanding the reward of £200, he +to him, notwithstanding the reward of £200, he ultimately reached Geelong, where he remained until the storm of general disapproval had extinguished the desire of the authorities for his capture.</p> @@ -4748,7 +4709,7 @@ a result which had been generally anticipated.</p> <p>The insurrectionists were afterwards conciliated by the efforts of the Commission of Inquiry, and consequent redress of grievances. The revolt, in addition -to the valuable lives lost, cost the colony £20,000 +to the valuable lives lost, cost the colony £20,000 for military expenses, extra police charges, and compensation to sufferers.</p> @@ -4800,7 +4761,7 @@ colony.</p> <div class="footnotes"> <h2 class="endt">FOOTNOTES:</h2> -<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A" id="Footnote_A"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Recently the sum of £4000 has been voted to Mr. Lalor, +<div class="footnote"><p><a name="Footnote_A" id="Footnote_A"></a><a href="#FNanchor_A"><span class="label">[A]</span></a> Recently the sum of £4000 has been voted to Mr. Lalor, on his retiring to a well-earned rest from the arduous duties attending the Speakership of a House where so many members require a strong hand and determined will to teach @@ -4825,382 +4786,6 @@ the text.</li></ul> <li> over-crowded, overcrowded</li></ul> </div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Australian Heroes and Adventurers, by William Pyke - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK AUSTRALIAN HEROES AND ADVENTURERS *** - -***** This file should be named 40003-h.htm or 40003-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/0/0/40003/ - -Produced by fh, Nick Wall and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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