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@@ -1,39 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly -Fishing, by James Tayler - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly Fishing - -Author: James Tayler - -Release Date: August 8, 2012 [EBook #40446] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - - - - -Produced by S. Eder, Jason Isbell and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40446 *** TO FISHERMEN. @@ -502,7 +467,7 @@ get the line entangled is not so great as with a side winch, and it also enables the angler to make more of the length of his rod by grasping it lower down. -The best line I know of is the "Acme," also made by Messrs. Foster. It +The best line I know of is the "Acmé," also made by Messrs. Foster. It is constructed of plaited silk, with a very fine strand of annealed copper wire running through it. The wire gives a little weight and stiffness to the line, so that it does not kink or knot up so readily as @@ -1660,9 +1625,9 @@ twelve months' wear. Mr. +Wm. Senior+, (Angling) Editor of the _Field_, says: "My experience of the lines with wire centre is quite another thing, and -it is confined to the 'Acme' of Messrs. D. & W. H. Foster, of +it is confined to the 'Acme' of Messrs. D. & W. H. Foster, of Ashbourne.... I ordered a line that will do for light salmon or Pike -Spinning (No. 1), and another for trout fishing (No. 0). This was two +Spinning (No. 1), and another for trout fishing (No. 0). This was two seasons ago. I have used both lines hard ever since, and they appear to be quite good for the chances of 1886. They are, in short, the best lines I ever had."--Contribution to a controversy _re_ Lines, in @@ -1892,366 +1857,4 @@ Obvious punctuation errors repaired (e.g. added period after No End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly Fishing, by James Tayler -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - -***** This file should be named 40446.txt or 40446.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/4/40446/ - -Produced by S. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly Fishing - -Author: James Tayler - -Release Date: August 8, 2012 [EBook #40446] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - - - - -Produced by S. Eder, Jason Isbell and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - TO FISHERMEN. - - R. B. LODGE - - INVITES ATTENTION TO HIS - - Permanent * Portraits - - OF ANGLERS AT THE RIVER SIDE WHILE ACTUALLY FISHING. - - -These aim at being not only Portraits, but also Pictures, which show you -engaged in your favourite sport by the side of some pool, or knee deep -in some shallow of your own particular river, the sight of which in -after years will bring back to your memory many pleasant reminiscences -of bygone success. - -_Angling Outings and Matches attended by appointment._ - - Terms on application to - - R. B. LODGE, - 1, Chase Green Villa, - - =ENFIELD.= - - - - - - +Fishing on the Itchen.+ - - TO LET, - _BY THE DAY, - WEEK, MONTH, - OR SEASON_. - -Apply to - - W. CHALKLEY, - - +Practical Fisherman, And - Fishing Tackle Maker+, - - +=The Square=+, - - WINCHESTER. - - - - - =THE= - "+Bayonet-Pointed Gaff+" - =(DR. BRUNTON'S PATTERN).= - (REGISTERED.) - - [Illustration] - - -These Hooks are made of really good steel, carefully hardened and -tempered, and each one separately tested with an opening strain of 56lb. -See notices in _Land and Water_, February 5; +Fishing Gazette+, -February, 12; and _Field_, February 19, 1887. - - No. 1. Length 6in., gape of hook 2in.: price 4s. - - No. 2. " 7in., " " 2-1/2in.: price 5s. - - No. 3. " 8in., " " 3in.: price 6s. - -Also made with long concave shank for binding on handle at 6d. each -extra. To be obtained through all Fishing Tackle dealers and Cutlers, or -of the Makers, - - R. H. BROWNE & CO., - - Brunswick Street, Well Street, Hackney, London, E. - - - - - _New Illustrated Catalogue (2000 Engravings and Coloured Plate of - Flies), Post Free, 2d._ - -Shooting. Fishing. - -[Illustration] - -TRADE MARK. - - =GODFREY C. COOPER,= - - Gun, Rifle, Revolver, and Fishing Tackle Manufacturer. - - _SPORTSMAN'S COMPLETE OUTFITTER FOR ALL PARTS OF THE WORLD._ - - =Every Requisite for the Angler.= - - - _SPLIT CANE RODS (my own make), a Speciality_, - - (Guaranteed for two years.) - - RODS, LINES, REELS, WADERS, BROGUES, &c., &c. - - ANGLERS CAN HAVE THE USE OF MY PRIVATE PUNT ON THE THAMES, ON GIVING - SHORT NOTICE. - - - =FINEST STOCK OF FLIES IN LONDON.= - - MY NEW CREEL, WITH LANDING-NET ATTACHMENT, THE MOST HANDY MADE. - - All Articles of the most Modern and Improved Patterns. - - _ALL ORDERS FAITHFULLY EXECUTED BY SKILLED LABOUR._ - - - =GODFREY C. COOPER,= - - _Practical Gun, Rifle, Revolver, and Fishing Tackle Manufacturer_, - - 131, HIGH HOLBORN, LONDON, W.C.= - - - - - "RED PALMER." - - OPINIONS OF THE PRESS ON THE FIRST EDITION. - - - "LAND AND WATER." - -"This unpretentious, yet well written, work contains a large amount of -information, which may be read with advantage by all followers of the -more refined branch of the gentle art." - - - "FISHING GAZETTE." - -"Like Piscator's humble friend, the chub, it is 'a good dish of meat,' -and excellent for entering a young angler. Mr. Tayler's views as to -tackle are generally sound and practical. On the subject of flies he -gives excellent advice. We can safely recommend it as a useful manual -for any young aspirant to Fly-Fishing honours." - - - "FISHING." - -"The author, in its pages, gives the result of many years' practical -experience of Fly-Fishing, and evidently is no tyro. His work, -therefore, will afford much useful information to those who are in need -of it." - - - "HAMPSHIRE COUNTY TIMES." - -"This capitally written essay on the whole art of Fly-Fishing is from -the pen of Mr. James Tayler, who is recognised throughout the kingdom as -an authority in the sport on which he gives such excellent instruction." - - - =OF JAMES TAYLER,= - - 25, HAZELVILLE ROAD, HORNSEY RISE, LONDON, N. - - AND OF ALL BOOKSELLERS. - - _PRICE ONE SHILLING; By Post, 1s. 1-1/2d._ - - - - - _SECOND EDITION._ - - [Illustration] - - RED PALMER: - - A PRACTICAL TREATISE ON - - FLY FISHING. - - BY - - JAMES TAYLER. - - LONDON: - - +Published by the Empire Printing and Publishing Co., Lim.+, - 2 and 3, Salisbury Court, Fleet Street, E.C. - - 1888. - - - - - LONDON: - EMPIRE PRINTING AND PUBLISHING COMPANY, LIMITED, - 2 AND 3, SALISBURY COURT, FLEET STREET, E.C. - - - - -+Dear Dr. Brunton+, - - -I dedicate this little book to you, knowing that you have proved -yourself to be one of the most skilful anglers of the present day; while -all anglers who have the pleasure of your acquaintance know you to be a -most genial and intelligent member of the craft, always ready to promote -its interest, and to communicate the result of your great researches and -experience to your fellow-fishermen. - - - Yours faithfully and respectfully, - - JAMES TAYLER. - -+To J. Brunton, Esq., M.A., M.D.+ - - - - - - FLY-FISHING. - - - - - CHAPTER I. - - INTRODUCTION. - - -Having read papers on Fly-fishing before the Gresham and Islington -Angling Societies, and contributed occasional articles to the fishing -periodicals, I have been persuaded by some of the members of those -societies to publish my ideas on the subject, and I now submit them to -the public, premising that the following treatise is neither historic -nor scientific, but simply an endeavour to communicate what nearly fifty -years of practice and careful observation have taught me to consider as -correct principles in a concise and practical form. Trusting that it -will be received as such, and will be of some assistance to young -anglers in cultivating that, which, we are assured by the highest -authority on angling, is "an art worth learning." - -In preparing this short treatise I have assumed, what is generally -admitted by fishermen, that catching trout with an artificial fly is the -highest branch of the piscatorial art; for, although some bottom-fishers -and spinners claim that as much skill is required in their branch as is -in fly-fishing, yet I think the palm must be yielded to the fly-fisher. -It differs in many respect from all other kinds. The greatest care must -be taken not to scare the fish, either by the sight of the angler or his -shadow, or by awkwardness in managing the rod, line, and flies. You have -only to watch a fly-fisher and a bottom-fisher a short time to decide -where the greatest skill is required and attained. - -I recollect, when a very little boy, having a book, in which there was a -coloured print of a trout, and underneath were these lines-- - - "Angler, mind well what you're about, - If you would catch the cunning trout," - -and I suppose I must have profited by the advice, for in an old diary, -kept by me in 1839, there is a record of my having caught four trout -weighing 7-1/4lbs. when I was thirteen years of age. But those were not -caught with a fly. - -The late Mr. Francis Francis, than whom there is no higher authority, -says in one of his books, "There is far greater skill, caution, -patience, and cunning required to delude a brook trout than is thought -of in landing the noblest twenty-pound salmon that ever sailed up Tweed -or Tay." And in further proof of this I will give an extract from that -excellent little book, "Stewart's Practical Angler." The author says: -"Everything combines to render fly-fishing the most attractive of all -branches of the angler's art. The attempt to capture trout, which are -seen to rise at natural flies, is in itself an excitement which no other -method possesses. Then the smallness of the hook and the fineness of the -tackle necessary for success increases the danger of escape, and -consequently the excitement and the pleasure of the capture; and, for -our own part, we would rather hook, play, and capture a trout of a -pound weight with fly, than one of a pound and a half with minnow or -worm, where, the hooks being larger, there is less chance of their -losing their hold, and, the gut being stronger, there is less risk of -its breaking. Artificial fly-fishing is also the cleanest and most -gentlemanly of all the methods of capturing trout. The angler who -practises it is saved the trouble of working with worms, of catching, -keeping alive, or salting minnows, or searching the river's bank for the -natural insect. Armed with a light single-handed rod and a few flies, he -may wander from county to county and kill trout wherever they are to be -found." - -In addition to the pleasure and satisfaction experienced in exerting the -faculties necessary to capture the most cunning and cautious of fish, -what can be more delightful in the sweet spring-time than to take one's -rod and stroll away into the green meadows, by the side of the rippling -brook, where the eye is gratified by the trees and hedge-rows which are -putting forth their young leaves; where the sense of smell is refreshed -by innumerable wild flowers and herbs, and where the ear is charmed by -the soft "coo" of the wood pigeon, the tinkling of a distant sheep-bell, -the cry of a partridge to its mate, or the occasional splash of a trout -in the stream, which sounds alone disturb the silence? Well may Walton -exclaim:-- - - "I was for that time lifted above earth, - Possessed of joys not promised in my birth." - -An all-wise Creator gave man dominion "over the fish of the sea, over -the fowls of the air, and over every living thing that moveth upon the -earth;" and a very large proportion of the human race, either from -motives of necessity or recreation, exercise the powers thus given them -either in killing or subjugating the lower branches of the animal -creation. - -Without wishing to detract from other sports, I think Walton was quite -right in claiming for angling a decided preference. In the present day -it is followed by men of all classes, from the nobleman who owns miles -of salmon river to the East-end mechanic or apprentice, who trudges off -to the Lea river on a Sunday morning with his eighteenpenny roach-rod, -and many of whom, but for this angling opportunity, would have no -relaxation from the dull, mill-horse round of their daily lives, save -some kind, perhaps, far more demoralising; but who, by its judicious -indulgence, by breathing the pure air of the country, and by being -brought into contact with beautiful river scenery and animal and -vegetable life, re-invigorate their bodies, exalt their minds, and beget -a state of quiet contentment, patience, and perseverance exceedingly -useful in these days of high-pressure wear-and-tear. Sir Henry Wotton -says of angling, he found it "a cheerer of the spirits, a tranquillizer -of the mind, a calmer of unquiet thoughts, a diverter of sadness." -Ladies, too, ever since the time of Cleopatra, have liked to "betray -tawny-finn'd fishes," and Dame Juliana Berners has shown by her "Boke of -St. Albans" that she had a minute and practical knowledge of "fyshynge -with an angle" far beyond the previous writers on the art; and with the -present rage for out-of-door amusements among the fair sex, fishing has -its votaries, notwithstanding the attractions of croquet and -lawn-tennis. - -Having been a fly-fisher many years, I venture to offer a few ideas on -the subject, not with a view to instruct my elder brethren in the art, -but merely to explain some principles that my experience has proved to -be correct, and thereby to save, perhaps, some trouble and loss of time -to young beginners. I am fully aware that no amount of theory without -practice will ever make a fly-fisher, but I am also aware that practice -will become much easier, and be far more likely to prove successful, if -based on a correct theory, than if left to itself. - - - - - CHAPTER II. - - WET AND DRY FLY-FISHING. - - -Various opinions prevail as to wet and dry fishing, and I think in this -matter, if we want to deceive trout, we should follow Nature as closely -as possible. On a dry, quiet day the wings of the natural fly are dry, -and when it falls on the water it takes some time before they become -saturated, and until then it floats on the surface. Imitate this by -giving your artificial fly two or three flicks backwards and forwards -before you finally throw it. You thus shake the water out of it, and it -floats. But on wet or very windy days the natural fly soon becomes wet -with rain, or from the broken surface of the water, and at such times -let the artificial lure sink a few inches beneath the surface, and if -the trout are feeding, fishing in this manner is most deadly. At night I -have generally found wet fly-fishing to answer best, even when there has -been no rain, and I attribute this to the natural flies becoming damp -with dew and thereby sinking. For dry fly-fishing floating flies are now -much used. The great objection to them appears to be the hardness of -their bodies, which is no sooner found by trout to be different to the -natural fly than they blow it out without giving time to strike. I have -found this particularly with cork-bodied May-flies, and prefer the -ordinary body in consequence. - -Mr. G. Holland, of Salisbury, makes a speciality of floating flies on -eyed hooks and cobweb gut, which bear an excellent reputation; and my -friend, Mr. R. B. Lodge, has lately invented a floating fly with an -air-tight body, which floats well and does not get water-logged. If he -can make it of a soft material, not liable to be punctured by the -trout's teeth, I think there will be no doubt of its being a great -improvement. - - - - - CHAPTER III. - - TACKLE. - - -An important point is to commence with proper tackle, for it is of no -use to attempt to catch trout with a cart-rope tied to a hedge-stake. -First, then, with regard to the Rod. A good rod is the angler's chief -requisite, and extraordinary progress has been made in the art of -manufacturing rods within the last few years. - -There are so many excellent makers that it is only necessary to visit -one of them and select a rod suitable to your height, strength, and -fancy, and in this, as in many other respects, fancy goes a long way. -For all ordinary purposes, a rod from ten to twelve feet in length will -be sufficient, and I have generally used those made in four pieces, the -lower three of greenheart, or hickory, and the top of bamboo. It should -be tolerably stiff, for in windy weather it is impossible with a light -whippy-rod to throw against or across the wind and attain any degree of -accuracy. It should be double-brazed, so that the joints may not become -fixed by the swelling of the wood when wet, and the brass joints should -be made slightly tapering, and the whole, when put together, should -taper regularly from butt to point, and when held horizontally should be -stiff enough to lie almost level. It should, of course, be fitted with -small brass rings for the line to run through, which, if placed at -proper distances, divide the strain equally, keep the line snug, and -prevent entanglements. - -Another matter of apparently trifling importance, but really very -essential, is, that near the ends of each length of the rod, and being -parallel with it, should be a small brass loop or hitcher, tied on with -fine binding wire. Before commencing to fish, pass a piece of thread or -twist round each two of these loops, and tie the joints firmly together; -this will prevent them from slipping, which is often the cause of losing -a good fish or breaking the rod. After the season is over, clean the rod -with very fine emery powder, then let it lie in a trough filled with oil -for a day or two, and after it has been out of the oil long enough for -the surface to get dry, give it a couple of coats of clear carriage -varnish, and put it away for the winter. - -Split-cane rods appear to be much on the increase, but they are rather -expensive. It may be, perhaps, from having been accustomed for many -years to greenheart that I do not take readily to the light, springing -motion of cane. This lightness is somewhat modified by the use of steel -centres, but unless they can be made much cheaper than at present, which -I think doubtful, the price will be a great hindrance to their coming -into general use. - -There were some splendid rods in the last Sportsmen's Exhibition, and -the man must be very hard to please who could not find one to his taste -there. Among them all, the best I could see for usefulness, at a -moderate price, was a little rod called the "Hotspur," built by Messrs. -Hardy, of Alnwick. It is made of greenheart, in two lengths, and only -ten feet long, but wonderfully powerful as well as pliant, and is fitted -with a spiral joint fastening, which renders the tying above recommended -unnecessary. - - - - - CHAPTER IV. - - THE WINCH LINE AND GUT. - - -Now, as to the reel. Notwithstanding that some of the books on fishing -call the multiplying reel an abomination, I always prefer one; finding -that when you hook a fish it is very desirable to have the means of -winding in the slack line quickly should he come towards you. I have -used a two-inch brass multiplier some years, and never, to my knowledge, -lost a fish by its inaction. The revolving plate is a great improvement -on the old windlass. - -Messrs. Foster, of Ashbourne, are making an improved winch with a male -screw to fit into the female thread at the butt of the rod, where the -spear is usually fixed. This is a great advantage, as the liability to -get the line entangled is not so great as with a side winch, and it also -enables the angler to make more of the length of his rod by grasping it -lower down. - -The best line I know of is the "Acmé," also made by Messrs. Foster. It -is constructed of plaited silk, with a very fine strand of annealed -copper wire running through it. The wire gives a little weight and -stiffness to the line, so that it does not kink or knot up so readily as -one made of all silk, while it is about half the size of the -old-fashioned line made of mixed silk and hair. With this line much -more accurate casting can be made than with one of all silk; and the -late David Foster, the inventor of it, says that by using it he -increased the length of his throw from 29-1/2yds. to 32-1/2yds. with a -single-handed fly rod. But this is extraordinary casting, such as few -can accomplish. At the Casting Tournament, held at Hendon five years -ago, I saw 30yds. 6in. thrown. Anyone who can throw a fly 25yds., clean -and straight, and pitch it within a yard of the object aimed at, may -consider himself a pretty good hand. Where one can do it, ninety-nine -cannot. - -The gut or casting line should be moderately stout at the upper part, -and tapered down to the point, and if stained of a dull blue or green -colour is less likely to be seen than when quite white. - -I always make up my own casts by picking out suitable lengths of gut and -tying them together by a fisherman's knot, and if anything gives way I -have no one but myself to blame. In cutting off the ends of the gut do -not cut them quite close to the knot, but leave just sufficient to take -hold of with a pair of tweezers. Flatten out the ends by pinching them; -you thus prevent the knot from drawing, and it need not be clumsy. It is -far more economical to use the best gut that can be obtained than to -whip off your flies, or lose a fish, by having a cheaper article. - -The whole--rod, running line and casting line, wholly and -separately--should taper from one end to the other, and should be in -thorough proportion to each other, and nothing but experience will -enable one how to ascertain when this is so. If the rod is too stiff for -the line you cannot deliver the latter properly, and if the line is too -heavy for the rod you run the risk of breaking the rod's back; while, -if the gut is too heavy for the line, it will pitch all in a heap, and, -of course, scare the fish. - -Flies are commonly made with a loop at the end of the gut, to be passed -through a corresponding loop at the end of the casting line. A much -neater plan is to cut off the loops, or buy your flies without them, and -tie the two ends together as above described. - -Flies tied on eyed hooks are a great improvement on the old style. They -are more easily packed, not having that awkward coil of gut attached to -them, which is always so difficult to manage in a book, and which is -almost certain to result in the loss of some flies on a windy day. They -can be readily attached and detached when necessary, and are lighter and -float better, and there is not that friction of the gut at the most -important point, as with flies tied on gut. I have frequently found when -fishing that the fly I particularly wished to use on clear water was -tied on stout gut for rough water, and was larger than my gut cast above -it. This is wrong in principle, but with eyed hooks gut to suit the -water could easily be tied on. - -Never go out without a landing-net. The most convenient is that with a -telescopic handle and folding ring. Near the upper end of the outside -part of the handle should be a brass spring hook, to slip over the strap -which crosses your chest towards the left side. When you hook a fish, -you can, without moving the right hand from the rod, lift the -landing-net off with the left hand and throw out the handle ready for -use. A pair of waterproof wading-boots or stockings, a good -pocket-knife, a piece of india-rubber, with which to straighten the gut, -a wicker creel, and something to eat, drink, and smoke, and you are -equipped for a day's sport, with the exception of flies, of which I -shall next treat. - - - - - CHAPTER V. - - FLIES. - - -There is no subject on which anglers differ so much as to what -assortment of flies is necessary. Some will carry as many as a hundred -sorts in their book, while a few, following Mr. Cholmondely Pennell, are -content with three nondescripts of quite an unnatural appearance, and -pretend they can catch as many fish as the man who goes prepared with a -larger quantity. Walton names _nine_, beside caterpillars; and Cotton -mentions _sixty-nine_; while Ronald, in his splendid work, describes -very many more to choose from. David Foster speaks of _thirty-one_. My -experience has taught me that about _twenty_ are necessary and -sufficient for all ordinary purposes. In calm weather and smooth water -one fly at a time is enough; but in rain, wind, or broken water, two, -three, or even four flies may be used with advantage, as you give the -fish a variety to choose from, and can thereby find out which kind they -are taking, and adapt your cast to their taste. - -The fly nearest the rod is called the "first drop," the next the "second -drop," and so on, and the farthest from the rod the "stretcher." The -last drop should be about 20in. from the stretcher, and the other drops -12in. or 14in. apart. When it is thought desirable to use more than one -fly, bend the loop of your drop fly round one of the knots in the -casting-line, and pass the drop through the loop thus bent and draw it -tight. The drop fly will thus stand at right angles with the -casting-line, and should be about 3in. from it, and the trout will not -be likely to come in contact with the line when seizing the fly. - -It does not very often happen that you hook two trout at a time, and -after you have hooked them, the difficulty is to get them both into the -landing-net, as they dart about in divers directions; but I succeeded in -hooking and landing two at a time on three occasions in the summer of -1881. In such cases get the fish on the stretcher into the net first. -Two at a time necessitates good tackle and very careful handling. When -one can accomplish this difficult feat, with two trout of a pound weight -each, he may consider himself a fly-fisher. - -Artificial flies should represent, in size, shape, and colour, as nearly -as possible the natural flies which frequent the water you are fishing. - -On examining the following selection it will be found that the natural -flies are chiefly represented by three colours--green, yellow, and -brown; and, although Mr. Pennell was so far right, the general -appearance of natural flies must also be imitated, if you would achieve -success. I do not hold it necessary to follow minutely every colour, or -the exact shape of the natural fly, because nine out of every ten fish -caught seize the fly immediately it alights on the water, and sometimes -even before it touches; therefore they cannot have time to study very -particularly every detail of the lure thus suddenly presented to them, -but, seeing something apparently resembling what they are feeding on, -dash at it instantaneously, and find out the mistake when it is too -late. What is of far greater importance than the exact representation of -the natural fly is, that when the artificial falls on the water there -should be nothing else occurring at the same time to scare the fish. The -motion of the arm, the flash of the rod, the bungling of the -casting-line, or pitching the fly on the water in an unnatural manner, -all tend to make trout rise short, or not rise at all. - -In determining what colours to use it is desirable to look at both -natural and artificial specimens through water from underneath, as they -then appear quite different to what they do when viewed out of water. -The late John Hammond, of Winchester, designer of the Hammond's Adopted -and Wickham's Fancy, once showed me this through a clear-bottomed -decanter. - -The following list of flies will be found in the greater part of the -United Kingdom, although they may be called by different names in -different localities, the chief variation being in size rather than -colour or shape; and it is always desirable to use artificial flies of -the size of the natural ones which are to be found in the locality you -are fishing:-- - -_Red Spinner_, _March Brown_, _Blue Dun_, _Alder Fly_, _Hofland's -Fancy_, _Stone Fly_, _Grannum_, _Wickham's Fancy_, _Oak Fly_, _Sedge_, -_Green Drake_, _Grey Drake_, _Coachman_, _Black Palmer_, _Red Palmer_, -_Coch-y-bonddhu_, _Red Ant_, _July Dun_, _Black Gnat_, _White Moth_. - -I am convinced that, with the above assortment of flies, there are not -many days in the season but that one or other of them will do -execution, and there is seldom a day that trout do not rise at some time -or other in it, unless the water be too thick for them to see the fly. -As I am writing for the average fly-fisher, who need not waste the time -or take the trouble to make his own flies, I will not attempt to -describe the manner of making them, believing that it is much better to -visit a good tackle shop and get what is required; yet I think it -desirable to show of what materials they should be composed, in order -that he may know what are the most killing sorts, and how to distinguish -them in ordering. - - - +February and March.+ - -1. _The Red Spinner._--Body, brown silk, ribbed with fine gold twist; -tail, two fibres of a red cock's hackle; wings, of some transparent -brown feather. - -2. _March Brown, or Brown Drake._--This, like the other drakes, is a -great favourite with trout in its season, which is during March and -April, and it may also be used in the autumn. Body, orange-coloured silk -or deep straw colour, on which wind fur from a hare's poll; legs, a -honey-dun hackle; wings, to stand erect, of the top of the light or -inner fibres of the feather of the hen pheasant's wing; tail, two fibres -of the same feather. Rib with gold twist for your tail fly, and let the -droppers be without any twist. - -The above is "Ephemera's" way of making it, but Mr. Ronalds says: "Body, -fur of the hare's face ribbed over with olive silk and tied with brown -silk; tail, two strands of a partridge's feather; wings, feather of the -pheasant's wing; legs, a feather from the back of a partridge." - -3. _Blue Dun._--Body, of the hare's ear, dark and yellow part mixed with -a little yellow mohair, the whole to be spun on yellow silk; wings, from -a feather of the starling's wing stained in onion dye; tail, two -whiskers of a rabbit; legs, to be picked out of the dubbing at the thick -part near the wings. - -4. _Alder Fly._--Body, dark claret-coloured fur; upper wings, red fibre -of the landrail's wing, or red tail feather of the partridge; lower -wings, of the starling's wing feather; legs, dark red hackle; horns and -tail, of fibres the colour of the legs, the horns to be shorter than the -body of the fly, but the tail a little longer. - -5. _Hofland's Fancy._--Body, reddish dark brown silk; wings, woodcock's -wing; legs, red hackle; tail, two strands of a red hackle. - - - +April.+ - -6. _Stone Fly._--Body, fur from hare's ear mixed with yellow worsted and -spun on yellow silk; tail, two strands of partridge feather; wings, -pheasant's quill feather from wings; legs, greenish brown hackle. - -7. _Grannum, or Green-Tail._--"Ephemera" says: "The grannum is a -four-winged fly, and as it swims down the water its wings lie flat on -the back. It has a small bunch of eggs of a green colour at the tail end -of the body, which gives it the name of the green-tail fly. As soon as -it alights on the water it drops its eggs." It is dressed as follows:-- - -Body, fur of hare's face left rough and spun on brown silk. A little -green floss silk may be worked in at the tail, to represent the bunch -of eggs there. Wings, feather from that of the partridge, and made very -full; legs, a pale ginger hen's hackle. Made buzz with a feather from -the back of a partridge's neck, wound upon the above body. - -8. _Wickham's Fancy._--Wings, light starling; body, flat gold ribbed -with fine gold wire; hackle and whisk, bright red gamecock. This is one -of the best general flies, and is a standing favourite in the south of -England; and I have it on the authority of the late John Hammond that he -made it under the direction of Dr. Wickham, of Winchester--hence its -name. - - - +May and June.+ - -9. _Oak Fly, or Down-Looker._--It is generally found on the trunks of -oak trees by the river-side, with its head pointing downwards, and is a -very useful fly. - -"Ephemera" recommends it to be dressed as follows: "Body, yellow mohair, -ribbed regularly with dark brown silk; legs, a honey dun hackle wound -thrice under the wings, which are to lie flat and short, and to be made -of the wing feather of a young partridge or hen pheasant. To be tipped -with pale gold twist." - -10. _Sedge._--Wings, wing of landrail; body, white floss silk ribbed -with silver wire; hackle, ginger cock's hackle down the body. - -11. _The May-fly, or Green Drake_, is not only a very beautiful fly, but -one of the most captivating that is used, and, as I have stated -elsewhere, it requires special manipulation. On a windy dull day, in the -middle of the May-fly season, when there are not many natural flies out, -it will very soon fill the basket, particularly if the water is -turbulent. "Ephemera" says: "This famous fly is the opprobrium of -fly-makers. Try how they will they cannot, in my opinion, imitate it -well. The wings are their greatest foil. In making the body they succeed -tolerably well. Still, the best imitation is defective, and, except upon -rare occasions, the artificial May-fly is not a deadly bait." My -experience has been the very contrary of this. Whether it is from the -fly-tiers having succeeded in imitating the natural fly since "Ephemera" -wrote, or not, I do not know, but I have before me two specimens tied by -Mrs. Ogden that I make no doubt would bring me ten or a dozen brace of -trout on a good day in the season. May-flies are often made with cork -bodies, but I am not partial to them, for the same objection which -applies generally to floating flies, viz.: that trout find they have -something hard and unnatural in their mouths, and immediately reject it. -On a dry bright day use it as a dry fly, but on a very wet or windy day -fish with it a few inches under the surface, and, as Walton says, you -will have "store of trouts." On one occasion last season I caught ten -brace of trout with one May-fly obtained of Messrs. Alfred and Son, and -have it by me now, but there is not a vestige of wing left, all having -been bitten off. Mr. Ronalds recommends it to be dressed as follows: -"Body, the middle part of a pale straw-coloured floss silk, ribbed with -silver twist; extremities (head and tail), brown peacock's harl, tied -with light brown silk thread; tail, three rabbit's whiskers; wings and -legs, made buzz with a mottled feather of the mallard, stained olive." -Instead of the bodies being made of straw-coloured silk they are now -frequently made of strips of wheat straw. - -12. _Grey Drake._--This is said to be a metamorphosis of the green -drake, or female changing to a male. Dress it thus: Body, the middle -part of white floss silk, ribbed over neatly with silver twist; -extremities, brown peacock's harl; wings and legs made buzz with a -mottled feather of the mallard, stained a faint purple; legs, three -rabbit's whiskers. - -13. _The Coachman._--Body, peacock's harl, full and short; wings, fibres -of any small white feather; legs, a turn or two of a red hackle. Mr. -Blaine remarks: "Throughout the summer months, as an early evening fly, -and until twilight, it proves most valuable in the midland counties, and -the bordering ones within eighty miles of London. On the Colne, and -throughout its course, in the Hampshire, Dorsetshire, and Devonshire -waters, where we have been for many years in the habit of using it, in -our opinion there is no fly to at all equal it." - -14. _Black Palmer._--Body, black ostrich harl, ribbed with gold twist, -black cock's hackle wound over the whole. - -15. _Red Palmer._--Body, dark red-coloured mohair, with a richly-tinted -red fur intermixed, to be ribbed with gold or silver twist; legs, a -blood-red cock's hackle. Or, body, a peacock harl with a red cock's -hackle wrapped over it, and tied with dark brown silk thread. - -I have used the Red Palmer in all weathers and seasons for nearly fifty -years, and believe it to be the best general fly there is, although, -strictly speaking, not a fly, but an imitation of the caterpillar, or -larva of the tiger moth. Having had such success with it I have adopted -its name as my _nom de plume_, and as the title of this little book. - - - +July.+ - -16. _Coch-y-bonddhu._--Body, black ostrich harl, twisted with peacock's -harl, and made with red silk thread; the wings and legs made buzz with a -dark furnace hackle. - -17. _Red Ant._--Body, copper coloured peacock's harl, full near the -wings and tail; wings, a lark's wing feather; legs, red cock's hackle. - -18. _July Dun._--Body, mole's fur and pale yellow mohair mixed, and spun -on yellow silk; wings, dark part of a feather from the starling's wing, -stained dark in strong onion dye; legs, dark dun hackle; tail, the two -flies of the hackle. - - - +August.+ - -19. _Black Gnat._--Body, one of the smallest feathers of the green -plover's top-knot, or of a black harl, to be dressed short; wings, the -darkest fibres of an old starling's wing feather. - -20. _White Moth._--Wings, white pigeon's feather; body, white crewel; -legs, white hen's hackle. - -Although I have classified these flies under the different months, it -does not follow by any means that they will kill only in the months -named; on the contrary, some of them may be used month after month, -particularly the hackle flies, which may be used almost through the -season. - -I exhibited samples of the above kinds in my lecture to the Gresham and -Islington Angling Societies, showing the relative sizes and colours. -These samples were selected from the stock of Messrs. Alfred and Son, of -Moorgate Street, where I generally obtain what I require, and find their -flies are to be depended on. As with gut, so with flies, it is false -economy to buy the cheapest. It requires a deal of patience at times -before you can hook a fish; and, after you have been so fortunate, it is -terribly annoying to find the gut draw, and leave the fly in its mouth. -To guard against this, _burn all your old flies at the end of the -season_, except one or two of a sort for patterns, and this is another -reason why you should not have a heavy stock; and take care, in buying -your new stock at the spring of the year, that you get new, and not -those of the previous year. - -In tying gut to the hook, a little varnish generally touches the gut, -and at this most critical point the varnish hardens the gut and causes -it to snap. This, of course, does not occur with eyed hooks, but even -with them it is better to have new flies than old, as the colours are -fresher and the tying more secure. - -Messrs. Ogden and Scotford, the well-known firm of Cheltenham, have -lately sent me a few samples of their flies, tied by Mrs. Ogden, who has -long enjoyed a very high reputation for her tying. They are beautifully -made, and I have no doubt will prove good killers; but, as the season is -now over, have had no opportunity of trying them. - - - - - CHAPTER VI. - - UP OR DOWN STREAM. - - -So much for the tackle to be used in fly-fishing, and, being thus -provided, in what way should the tyro go to work? The first point to be -considered is, Should he fish up stream or down? Old Father Izaak says, -"fish down stream," but he was not much of a fly-fisher, and I cannot -help thinking that if he had lived in the present day he would have seen -fit to alter his opinion in this respect. Fish, like human beings, have -advanced in education since that time, and, if you want to catch a -trout, get behind him. I caught a large trout about eight years ago in -clear smooth water, where I did not much expect to catch one, and on -examining him I found that he had only one eye, and I had got on the -blind side and pitched over him. The advantages of fishing up stream -appear to me so great that I can hardly believe any good fly-fisher can -hold a contrary opinion; but, lest I should seem prejudiced, I will give -some reasons for my faith. The trout always lies with its head up -stream, waiting for the food to come down, and if you approach it from -the rear you are not so likely to be seen as when approaching it face to -face. Again, the natural fly floats down stream, and by throwing up and -letting the artificial float down you imitate the motion of the natural -fly, taking care to raise the point of the rod as the fly approaches -you, so as not to have any slack line out, for if you have, you cannot -strike properly. Another reason is, that if while fishing _up_ a trout -rises, when you strike you will in all probability hook it in the side -of the mouth as it turns; but when fishing _down_, if you strike, the -motion tends to draw the fly out of the fish's mouth, and he does not -lose much time in getting rid of it if found not to his taste, and then - - "The trout within yon wimplin burn - Glides swift, a silver dart, - And, safe beneath the shady thorn, - Defies the angler's art." - -Another important matter to consider is the direction of the wind. -Always, if you can, fish with the wind behind you, or, at all events, so -that you can throw across it; but, if you must make a choice of evils, -choose the lesser, and fish _up_ stream and _against_ the wind, rather -than _down_ stream and _with_ the wind. In considering which side of the -river to fish, do not, if you can help it, fish from that side whence -the sun would cast your shadow on the water, as nothing is more alarming -to trout. It is impossible, in a short treatise like the present, to -give such instruction in throwing the fly as will make the tyro an -adept. It is desirable to practise throwing with both the right and left -sweep, as by changing from one to the other you avoid getting into the -bad habit of twisting the rod, which would assuredly warp and spoil it; -and by practising short throws with the left hand you will be able to -give the right arm a few minutes' rest occasionally, a great relief in -a long day's fishing. - -My advice is, to commence with a short line, and when you find that you -can deliver the line so as to be prepared to hook a fish as soon as the -fly touches the water, gradually increase the length, taking care never -to attempt to throw more than you can send out clean and straight, -without disturbing the water. But more can be learnt in this respect by -an hour's practice with an old hand, than by any amount of theory. The -great points are to keep well out of sight, and to imitate the descent -of the natural fly on the water, which in the case of the smaller flies -is as soft and gentle as a piece of thistle-down; but with the larger -ones, such as the drakes and moths, whose bodies are heavy in proportion -to the size of their wings, compared with other flies, let them fall -with a slight spat on the water, causing a ring to take place on the -surface, and letting the fish know it is there. - - - - - CHAPTER VII. - - STRIKING AND PLAYING. - - -Considerable discussion has taken place in the angling papers from time -to time as to the proper time for striking a fish; and three or four -years since some extraordinary calculations were made with regard to the -period that should elapse before striking, and for the motion from the -arm to reach the hook. My opinion, as expressed in the "Angler's -Journal" at that time, and lately repeated in "Fishing," is as follows: -"As soon as you become aware, either by sight, sound, or feeling, that a -fish has risen, put the hook in him." But you must be careful not to -strike too hard, or you will either tear the hook out, or snap the gut, -and thus lose the fish. It should only be a slight twitch, given from -the wrist, as quick as thought, just enough to drive the hook in beyond -the barb, but not enough to tear the flesh out. I have often amused -myself by feeding trout, and have noticed that, after they have taken -several pieces, say of bread or paste, if I threw in something like it -in appearance, such, for instance, as a small white stone, they would -seize it, and, finding the substance different, instantly blow it out -again. It is reasonable to assume that they would do the same with an -artificial fly, particularly those having cork bodies; therefore you -cannot strike too quickly. But, as this is a branch of the subject on -which great differences of opinion exist, I will here quote some eminent -angling authorities in support of my views. - -_Francis Francis_ says: "If a fish rises, a slight upward turn of the -wrist will be sufficient to fix the hook. As for giving any direct rules -when to strike, they would be of little avail, as sometimes fish rise -quickly, sometimes with more circumspection, and sometimes altogether -falsely." Next, _Cummins_: "When a trout takes your fly do not strike -too hard; more fish are lost by anglers striking when using small flies -than are secured by such means. The line tightened is sufficient in most -cases, particularly in fishing streams." In "Fishing" of March 31st last -I say: "I agree that in rapid stream fishing there is no necessity for -striking." _Ephemera_ also advises that, "The moment you see, and then -feel, a rise, strike gently from the wrist." _Blaine_ also writes to the -same effect. _Stewart_, in the "Practical Angler," has the following -passage: "A difference of opinion exists as to whether trout should be -struck on rising; but, in common with the majority of anglers, we -advocate immediate striking. When a trout takes a fly it shuts its -mouth, and if the angler strikes then he is almost sure to bring the -hook into contact with the closed jaws. We have frequently watched the -motions of trout on taking a fly, and when left to do with it as they -chose, they very quickly expelled it from their mouths with considerable -force; and we think that, if the angler strikes, even when the trout's -mouth is open, he will have a much better chance than by leaving it to -hook itself. A trout on seizing an artificial fly is almost -instantaneously aware that it is a counterfeit, and never attempts to -swallow it; very frequently letting it go before the angler has time to -strike, so that it is of the utmost importance to strike immediately, -and this is the reason why a quick eye and a ready hand are considered -the most necessary qualifications for a fly-fisher." _Foster_, in the -"Scientific Angler" says: "The action requisite is a short quick -wrist-motion, commenced sharply but ended almost instantly and abruptly, -like a quick movement of the hand in bringing a foil in fencing from -_tierce_ to _carte_." It is impossible to strike too quick, but it is -quite possible to strike too hard. - -All the above opinions are based on the supposition that a fish _has -risen_. It is not very often that a trout is seen in the act of rising, -but should it be, of course sufficient time must be given for it to -reach the fly, then strike at once. When you find that you have hooked -your fish, be prepared for its rush, and then comes the time when all -your patience, experience, and lightness of hand, are called into -requisition. Let the fish have its head a little at first, taking care -to steer it clear of weeds, bushes, and sunken obstacles in the water, -and then give it a slight pressure from the rod, in addition to the -friction of the line which it is dragging through the water; and if you -can get it down stream, so as not to disturb the fish above, so much the -better. When you have got it down stream, and under command, do not be -in too great a hurry to land it, for sometimes when you think it is -spent it will make a sudden dart, and you lose it. Give it plenty of -time to tire itself out, then put the landing net quietly into the -water, slip it under the fish, and lift it out. Then put the thumb of -your right hand into its mouth, with the fingers at the back of its -head, and press the upper jaw back until its spine is broken. This is -far better than letting the fish flop about and discolour itself in the -creel. - - - - - CHAPTER VIII. - - WHEN TO GO FISHING. - - -Having explained the apparatus necessary for catching trout, the next -part of my subject appears to be the time _when_ to go fishing, and one -important point is the weather. Notwithstanding what some writers have -said about catching trout in an east wind, I do not believe in it. With -a wind from the South, West, or South-west, and a dull or showery day, -one may fairly expect success; but to go out on a bright clear day, with -wind from the North or East, is, in my opinion, neither pleasant nor -profitable. I have done it many times when I had less experience, though -not more enthusiasm, than at present, but I seldom do it now. An old -song says: - - "A Southerly wind and a cloudy sky - Proclaim a hunting morning;" - -and they also tell the fly-fisher when to be off to the river. I should -not be doing justice to this part of my subject if I were not to allude -to the fly-fisher's carnival, the May-fly season. From about the last -week in May till the middle of June is the time above all others to -catch trout. I have frequently caught five or six brace in a couple of -hours during this short season; but as soon as it is over I put away the -rod for a few days, for, the fish being fairly glutted with the natural -fly, do not care much for the artificial after the former is gone, -although it will sometimes happen that on a rough, dull day, you can -have good sport for a week or ten days afterwards. - -The length of the May-fly season depends greatly on the weather. It -generally lasts about three weeks; but the present season (1888) has -been exceptionally wet and cold, and the flies were only hatched at long -and irregular intervals, owing to the absence of sun. Consequently the -season extended from the second or third day of June till the second -week of July. On the 11th of June last I was fishing with a May-fly and -a small Soldier-palmer for drop, my usual custom, and was struck by the -difference of the manner in which fish rose at the two flies. The rise -at the May-fly was bold and decisive, but without undue haste, whilst -that at the Palmer was a sudden swish, without giving time to strike. I -can only account for this by the circumstance that the natural May-fly -is longer on the water than the Palmer before it gets water-logged and -sinks, and the fish therefore know that they can take their time about -it. The stream was very difficult to fish, and I lost a great many fish -as well as flies from getting entangled in the bushes; nevertheless I -succeeded in landing twelve brace of trout, besides some returned. - -Next, as to the time of day. The most preferable times are from about 8 -a.m. till noon, and after 4 p.m. till midnight. In many trout clubs -there is a rule prohibiting fishing after half-past nine; but, if you -are not restricted in that respect, you will find that the largest fish -are taken from sunset till ten or eleven o'clock. The only justification -for late fishing is that the very large trout, which often attain their -great size from preying on their own species, then come out of their -hiding-places and chase the small fry up and down the shallows. These -cannibalistic old gentlemen, who do more harm than good in a trout -stream, do not usually rise at a fly, and can only be caught with a live -bait or worm, or by night fishing with a sunk fly, and the end justifies -the means. White or brown moths are the favourites. I had some moths -made specially large, on strong gut, for late fishing, but found it -advisable to use a short line and only one fly, and to get the fish into -the landing-net as soon as possible, for it is awkward work to land a -big fish after dark, particularly if you are hampered with weeds or -bushes. - - - - - CHAPTER IX. - - HABITS OF TROUT. - - -A knowledge of the habits of trout is very essential, and this knowledge -can only be acquired by careful observation. The largest fish are -generally to be found where they can obtain the best supply of -food--such points as just below sharp bends of the stream, behind large -stones or other obstructions, at the head or tail of deep pools, and on -the margin of swift currents, or under overhanging banks; and, if you -take a good fish at any particular spot, you will probably find, a day -or two afterwards, that the next best fish in that locality has taken -the place of the one you captured. It has often occurred to me that -there are several reasons why brook trout do not thrive in the lower -part of rivers communicating with the sea. One thing is, to my mind, -very certain--they do not feel at home in salt, or even brackish, water, -and do not seek it of their own accord. Having lived many years within -sight of a point where a fresh water stream flows into salt water, I -have had perhaps exceptional opportunities of observing them, and -forming an opinion on the subject; and, although I have lately seen an -apparently well-supported contrary opinion strongly expressed, I am not -yet convinced, thinking that probably some error may have crept in as to -the kind of fish, or some disturbing cause taken place in the state of -the water. Occasionally they get washed down by floods, or by the -breaking away or uplifting of hatches or gates; but, as soon as the rush -of water subsides, they begin to work their way up again, and if there -is an obstacle to their ascending, such as a weir or mill, they are sure -to be found close up to it, having got as far as they can. They always -seem prompted by instinct to work upwards into shallow rapid water, -where the bottom is gravelly, and, I believe, for the following reasons: -They can there deposit and cover up their ova, and, when hatched, the -young fry can get protection among it from their numerous enemies in -their early days; and, although food may be plentiful in muddy sluggish -streams near salt water, it is not of the kind that trout delight in. -Larva, flies, and minnows abound in clear bright streams, and there the -trout can clean themselves from their parasites, and, with healthy -bodies and abundance of the food they enjoy, come into condition early, -and become lusty and strong. - -In the breeding time they, like many other animals, lose their usual -caution and shyness, and when performing their natural functions seem to -take no notice of what is passing around them; and thus very many of the -best fish are captured in shallow water, and the streams almost -depopulated. The greatest vigilance should be exercised in the spawning -time to prevent poachers, both human and others, from preying upon them. -In addition to men, swans, ducks, otters, herons, pike, perch, &c., &c., -all prey on the luckless trout and its ova and fry, and the wonder is -that the stock is so well maintained as it is. Otters and herons in -particular appreciate this dainty, and either of them will travel across -country many miles to get to a well-stocked trout stream. So strong is -the instinct of the trout to get into shallow streams to deposit their -spawn, that they will leap waterfalls several feet in height, or wriggle -up over gravel where there is not half enough water to cover them, and -where it is frequently impossible for them to get back again, and there -they are often destroyed. - - - - - CHAPTER X. - - WHERE TO GO FISHING. - - -Having spoken of the _how_ and _when_, next comes the _where_; and under -this head I feel bound, in the interests of friends, not to describe, -other than in very general terms, the localities where good fishing is -to be had. Walton, from frequently visiting Winchester, where his -remains lie, and where a statue of him has lately been erected by -anglers, (the movement for which I had the honour of starting), was -doubtless well acquainted with Hampshire--or, as he quaintly calls it, -"Hantshire,"--which, he says, "exceeds all England for its swift, -shallow, clear, pleasant brooks, and store of trouts." In his will he -mentions part of his books as being at Droxford (about eleven miles from -Winchester), where it is presumed he resided occasionally. I know no -better trout stream than that in this locality. Many a basket of goodly -trout have I had from it in days gone by. It was near here that I caught -the two large trout at one time, before alluded to. - -I suppose at the present time the Avon, the Test, and the Itchen are -unsurpassed in the United Kingdom. All the north, or what is commonly -called the _upper_, part of Hampshire, forms part of the south-western -edge of the basin of the Thames, and is drained into it by the Wey, the -Enborn, and the Blackwater. The district east of Alton and north of the -South Downs is drained by the Rother, which is a tributary of the river -Arun, and discharges into the English Channel, near Arundel, in Sussex. -In all these rivers, springing out of the chalk hills, there is good -trout fishing, but not equal to that on the south side of the South -Downs, where the country, sloping away to the southward and westward, -either drains into the Solent or the river Avon; and it is to these -southern rivers and streams that Walton more particularly alluded. The -Test, or Anton, rises in the neighbourhood of Andover and Whitchurch, -and falls into the Southampton Water to the westward of the town of -Southampton, while the Itchen, rising near Alresford, and passing -Winchester and Bishopstoke, discharges into Southampton Water to the -eastward of the town. The Avon, entering Hampshire from Wiltshire, and -passing Fordingbridge and Ringwood, discharges into Christchurch Bay, -where the Stour also empties itself. There are also several smaller -streams rising south of the hills which stretch from Winchester to -Petersfield, and discharge themselves into the Solent. All these streams -are well stocked with trout, and some of them contain roach, perch, -pike, and grayling, and the larger ones also salmon. If greater -facilities were given to salmon to ascend they would doubtless do so, as -they are occasionally caught in stake nets while working their way along -the south coast, evidently in search of rivers, up which to ascend for -the purpose of spawning. But the river proprietors do not provide means -for the salmon to go upwards, it being generally considered that salmon -and trout do not thrive well together, and that if the breeding of -salmon was encouraged it would be at the expense of the trout fisheries. - -Nearly all these Hampshire rivers are strictly preserved, and some of -those in the vicinity of Andover, Stockbridge, Houghton, and Winchester -are in the hands of first-class clubs, the subscriptions to which are -high, and access difficult. Still, there are a few pieces of free water -at Winchester, Bishopstoke, and Romsey; and Mr. Currell and Mr. -Chalkley, both of Winchester, rent considerable portions of the river -there, and issue season and day tickets. At Bishopstoke, where there is -some splendid trout and grayling fishing, season and day tickets are now -being issued by the proprietor of a large estate, who has hitherto -preserved very highly, and would scarcely allow his own friends to fish; -and several instances have come to my knowledge lately where landed -proprietors, only able to obtain a reduced income from their farms, have -been glad to supplement it by making a few pounds annually out of their -fishing. So that, to the angler as well as the land owner, agricultural -distress is not an unmitigated evil. And if more attention was paid to -the stocking and preserving of rivers, the incomes of landed proprietors -might be considerably increased, and a very important addition made to -the food of the country. The Avon, at Ringwood, in the New Forest, about -100 miles S.W. of London, has some good salmon, trout and grayling -fishing, and also very fine roach and perch. Day tickets can be obtained -of the hotel keepers. The Beaulieu river, the tidal portion of which is, -of course, free, is noted, not only for its coarse fish, but also for -quantities of sea-trout that frequent it in the autumn months. - -Fishermen have increased so rapidly in the last few years that those who -have fishing rights take care of them, and where one could formerly go -unchallenged, he now has to ask permission for a day, and very often may -consider himself lucky if he gets it. There are now about 180 angling -societies in and around London, consisting of nearly 5,000 members, -besides a large number of anglers who do not belong to any society; -consequently fish have been becoming more and more scarce year after -year, and the increase of population and pollution of rivers have also -tended to drive them away. But, in order to supply to some extent the -deficiency, artificial breeding has become very general. The National -Piscicultural Society breed and distribute immense numbers of young -trout every year. Greater efforts are also being made than formerly to -prevent poaching, the destruction of undersized fish, and taking them -when out of season; therefore, the prospects of anglers are beginning to -look brighter. - -In describing the _where_ to go fishing, I have alluded more -particularly to Hampshire, not only because it is the best part of -England for trout, but because it also happens to be the county with -which I am best acquainted. - -Throughout the whole of the county, fishing for trout with anything but -an artificial fly is considered unsportsmanlike, and is strictly -prohibited in all the clubs. - -Still, there are many other localities where, if the angler does not -mind going farther afield, good trout fishing can be obtained. For -instance, Scotland and Wales, where, from the hilly conformation of the -country, the streams are rapid and therefore suitable for trout; -Devonshire, where the trout are small, but very numerous; the -neighbourhood of the Peak, in Derbyshire, than which there is none much -better; the upper portions of the Thames and Lea and their -tributaries--all these are worth the fly-fisher's attention, and many of -them will repay him for the time and trouble spent in visiting them. - - - - - CHAPTER XI. - - CURIOUS CAPTURES. - - -When fishing in Hampshire some ten or twelve years ago, a moorhen came -out of some bushes near me and rushed down the brook, with its feet just -trailing along on the surface. As it was going over my line I gave a -twitch and hooked it in the under part of the foot, where the skin is as -tough as leather. Then I had a lively time for about twenty minutes, up -and down, in and out; but my tackle was good, and I handled the rod -carefully, till at length the bird was pretty well tired, and got in -among some bushes, and a friend who was with me went into the water and -got it into the landing-net. I preserved it and had it mounted. - -On another occasion I saw a rat swimming across the stream, and pitched -my fly just beyond him and hooked him firmly. Of course he dived, but -could not get away from me, and at last came ashore into the long grass -where I was standing. It was nearly dark and I could not see him, but -presently found he had got the line entangled round my legs. I threw the -rod down, and stamped about, thinking to tread on him, but suppose I -trod on the gut, for he got away with it. When I picked up my rod I -found I had stamped on it also and broken it; therefore I determined to -let the next rat alone. - -Another time I had been fishing late, with a white moth, and, on leaving -off, twisted the gut and fly round my hat. Getting through a hedge the -gut caught in a bramble, and the fly went into my scalp, and the more I -pulled the worse it was. The same friend was with me, and helped me out -of it. We then went to a doctor, who snipped away the hair and cut the -hook out. - -It is not very often that an eel is taken with a fly, but I was once -fishing with a Palmer, and, being tired, very carelessly laid my rod -down with the fly in the water, which, of course, sank to the bottom. I -strolled about, and coming back picked up the rod, and found an eel -attached, which I landed. - - - - - CHAPTER XII. - - CONCLUSION. - - -Finally, fly-fishing may be considered one of the best of sports, -because it can be followed late in life. Most devotees of sport, when -the nerves become shaky and the eyes grow dim, must content themselves -with thinking or talking of what they did in their youth. But it is not -so with the fly-fisher. He can still throw a fly and play a trout, -better perhaps than in his youth, because of his greater experience; -and, when in the down-hill of life he looks back on the hopes and -anticipations of his boyhood days, it must be gratifying to feel that -the times spent among the beauties of nature in exercising the angler's -art have been the most enjoyable parts of his life, and that he is none -the worse man for having obeyed the precepts and followed the example of -our grand old past master, Izaak Walton. - - - - - APPENDIX. - - -It is doubtful whether the gratification of taking fish is equal to that -which results from the recital of the achievement, and describing to a -sympathetic audience the method and tackle by which the prey has been -ensnared. Walton and his friends, after a long day, loved to meet at -some village alehouse, and fight their battles o'er again; and in the -present day one of the most enjoyable parts of the evening spent at an -Angling Society is when the chairman asks, "Has any one been fishing?" -and the members recount their piscatorial experiences since the last -meeting. Any one unaccustomed to such meetings would be surprised at the -knowledge of rivers, the country, the habits, and the haunts of -particular kinds of fish and insects, the various sorts of baits and -tackle to be used, and all the technical information which the London -angler displays on such occasions; and this broader view of nature and -life is not the least of the benefits derived from following the -piscatorial art. - -The London clubs number about 200, with upwards of 5,000 members; and -considering that a very large number of anglers do not belong to any -club, it will be readily understood that the angling fraternity form a -considerable part of the community, whose great aim is to enjoy -themselves in a rational and innocent manner, away from the clank of -machinery, the roar of street traffic, and the stifling atmosphere of a -great city; and every assistance and encouragement should be given them -to do so--and they are progressing. Many of them practice fly-fishing; -and if trout are not to be got, there are chub, dace, and bleak, and -occasionally a roach, to reward them for their skill. The one great -difficulty is where to get good fishing, and this is to some extent -overcome by the co-operation of anglers, through their clubs and -associations, who not only rent waters for their members, but make -arrangements with the railway companies to take them into the country -and back at greatly reduced fares. The preserving and re-stocking of -waters also form an important part of the business of angling clubs. -Experience has taught them that it is of very little use to turn in fry -before they are old enough to take care of themselves, but that it is -more satisfactory, and ultimately more economical to purchase yearling -fish in the first place. These various matters have been so well -attended to, that, notwithstanding the great increase in the number of -anglers, access to well-stocked rivers is more easy of attainment now -than it was a few years ago. - -Of course, every care should be taken to prevent poaching, to keep down -predaceous fish, and prevent undersized and out-of-season fish from -being taken; but with these precautions, if the river is naturally -adapted for the kind of fish required, there should be no difficulty. - -In the case of trout, the quantity, quality, and size will very much -depend on the quantity and kind of food to be obtained. There should be -plenty of weeds, sedge, flags, &c., not only for shelter, but they are -the natural breeding places of insects and crustacea, in which trout -delight, and if the river is overhung with trees and bushes it not only -adds to the security of the fish, but harbours flies and other insects -which drop off into the water. - - - WET _v._ DRY. - -The difference between wet and dry fly-fishing is this: the wet fly is -worked gently along some few inches beneath the surface until a fish is -found, which, when they are scarce, or not rising, may be a tedious -process, and often the first intimation is a sudden tug without any -rise, which should be immediately answered by as sudden a twitch from -the wrist. - -The dry-fly fisherman walks quietly along by the side of the stream, and -if he sees a trout rising, drops his fly lightly a little above it, and -preferably also a little on one side, and lets it float down stream on -the surface to the fish, gently raising the point of his rod in the -meantime. In case no fish are rising, he carefully casts to the most -likely-looking spots, and particularly under the bank on which he is -standing. - -In nine cases out of ten, a trout, if it rises at all, takes the dry fly -immediately it touches the water; therefore, one should learn to cast -clean and straight, without any slack line. - - - TACKLE. - -There is a great difference of opinion among anglers as to the amount of -pliancy a fly-rod ought to possess. From the old-fashioned, heavy, stiff -rod, we have gone to the other extreme, and had cane rods so light and -whippy as to be entirely useless on a windy day; and now we have what -is, in my opinion, a somewhat sensible reaction, and are coming back to -a greenheart from ten to twelve feet long, of medium substance and -pliability. - -Such a rod, with an Acme line suited to it, and the whole adapted to the -height and strength of the angler, ought to make good casting. Long -casting may be showy, but in practice it is far better to cast lightly -and accurately, and this tends to fill the basket much more than being -able to get out an extra length. One piece of advice may be relied on: -never part with a good rod after you have become accustomed to it. It is -not only the pleasurable associations connected with it, but the -confidence you have in it, and, through it, in yourself, enables you to -kill fish with it. - -With care, it may be made to last a lifetime. I used, the other day, at -the International Tournament, a greenheart that I have used almost -exclusively for about twelve years, and with which I have killed many -hundred brace of trout. If, on the occasion referred to, I had used an -Ogden and Scotford's _multum in parvo_, I believe I should have thrown -two yards farther. - - - FLIES. - -I see no reason to alter the list given in the first edition, indeed, -subsequent experience has tended to confirm my opinion expressed -therein. - -Many old anglers say it is of no use in the May-fly season to try any -other fly. I generally use a May-fly as stretcher, and a small -Soldier-palmer as drop, and out of seventeen-and-a-half brace of trout -caught last Whitsuntide in two half-days, one-third of them were caught -on the Palmer. Others say it is useless to try a May-fly, except when -the natural fly is out; but this is also subject to modification. - -There have been two or three well-authenticated cases reported in the -sporting journals lately, of fish having been killed some weeks before -and after the season on _Ephemera vulgata_. Indeed, there has been seen -in Ireland this autumn a _second_ very strong rise of May-fly. - -In the first edition I speak of the Grey-drake thus:--"This is said to -be a metamorphosis of the green drake, or female, changing to a male." -The passage should have read thus:--"This is _said by some writers_ to -be," &c. - -I had not the slightest intention of giving that as a fact, or as my own -opinion, knowing otherwise. - -Flies tied on eyed hooks with cocked or upright wings, in imitation of -the natural fly when floating down a stream, are coming into use more -and more, and apparently will supersede those tied on gut, and with flat -wings. - - - WHEN TO GO FISHING. - -A century ago it was not possible to get forecasts of the weather from -the daily papers, and the death of Admiral Fitzroy in middle life, and -in the midst of his scientific discoveries, was a great blow to the -advancement of this branch of science. But with greater facilities for -conveying intelligence round the whole globe, it could not but happen -that more accurate information of air currents should be sent forward -to the countries likely to be affected by them. - -The following is from the "Art of Angling," published in 1810:--"It is -the best fishing in a river somewhat disturbed by rain, or on a cloudy -day when the waters are moved with a gentle breeze; the south and west -winds are the best, and if the wind blows high, yet not so but that you -may conveniently guide your tackle, then fishes will rise in the still -deeps; but if there is little wind stirring, the best angling is in -swift streams. - -"In casting your line, do it always before you, and in such a manner -that the fly may fall first on the water. When you throw your line, wave -the rod in a small circumference round your head, and never make a -return of it before the line has had its full scope, or the fly will -snap off. - -"Although when you angle the day is cloudy and windy, and the water -thick, you must keep the fly in continual motion, otherwise the fishes -will discern the deceit. - - "'... Upon the curling surface let it glide - With nat'ral motion from your hand suppli'd; - Against the stream now let it gently play, - Now in the rapid eddy float away.' - -"When fishes rise at the fly very often, and yet never take it, you may -conclude that it is not what they like, therefore change it for the one -they do." - - - PLAYING A FISH. - - "... Should you lure - From his dark haunt, beneath the tangled roots - Of pendent trees, the monarch of the brook, - Behoves you then to ply your finest art; - Long time he, following cautious, scans the fly, - And oft attempts to seize it, but as oft - The dimpled water speaks his jealous fear: - At last, while haply o'er the shaded sun - Passes a cloud, he desperate takes the death - With sullen plunge: at once he darts along, - Deep struck, and runs out all the lengthen'd line, - Then seeks the farthest ooze, the sheltering weed, - The cavern'd bank, his own secure abode; - And flies aloft, and flounces round the pool, - Indignant of the guile. With yielding hand, - That feels him still, yet to his furious course - Gives way, you, now retiring, following now - Across the stream, exhaust his idle rage, - Till floating broad upon his breathless side, - And to his fate abandon'd, to the shore - You gaily drag your unresisting prize." - - - CASTING. - -There are several kinds of casts to be used, for the _ordinary_ casts -will be of little avail under some circumstances. To make the ordinary -cast, begin with a short line, and by the action of the wrist and -forearm propel it out in front of you, so that when it is extended to -the full length, the fly will be two or three feet above the surface, on -which it should fall by its own weight. In repeating the cast raise the -point of the rod slowly, and bring it back over your right shoulder, so -that the line shall describe the shape of a horse-shoe behind you; then -throw it forward again in the same manner as before; keep casting in -this way until you can throw a tolerable length, say, twelve or fourteen -yards, always striving more for accuracy and delicacy than length. - -Sometimes a fish may be seen rising which is out of reach of the -ordinary cast. In such case it will be necessary to adopt what is called -the _augmented_ cast. - -Throw out as much line as you can in the ordinary way, then with the -forefinger of the right-hand press the line against the rod, draw two or -three yards off the reel with the left hand; bring back the line and -throw it forward again, and just before it reaches its fullest extent -remove your finger, and the impetus of the line will carry out the two -or three yards taken off the reel. - -The _spey_ throw is used for a similar purpose. If you are fishing a -large river or lake with a strong wind behind you, when the line is -extended to its utmost limit by the ordinary cast, whisk the fly off the -water by an upward and backward movement of the hand; but deliver it -forward again, just as the last of the reel line is leaving the surface, -by a rapid downward cut with the upper portion of the rod. It is -possible in this way to get out four or five yards more line than by the -ordinary cast. - -When trees or bushes overhang the water the _side_ cast is sometimes -useful. Let out a short line, and wave the rod from side to side -horizontally, until the line follows the motion of the rod, then pull a -yard or two off the reel and swish it on to the water. The best way to -get it off again is to reel in. - -It will occasionally happen that when trees are overhanging there is not -room on either side to use the side cast. The _underhand_ cast here -comes in. - -Take the fly between the finger and thumb of the left hand, and by -giving the rod a forward and upward motion, drop the fly on to the water -in front of you. - -When high bushes stand between you and the river the _steeple_ cast is -handy. By the action of the rod work the line up perpendicularly above -your head, then pitch it down over the bushes on to the water. - -These special casts are only used in special circumstances requiring -them, but they are often instrumental in producing big fish from -otherwise inaccessible spots, and it is in such spots that the big fish -generally lie. - - - ANGLING CLUBS. - -In conclusion, I would recommend all anglers, whether living in London -or the provinces, to join a good club: they there meet kindred spirits, -and form friendships and connections, that make life pleasant. - -Many of these clubs rent waters for the use of their members, which -would not be within the reach of individuals. - -Scientific papers on the art are occasionally read, and discussions -based on them; lectures and smoking concerts are often added to the -programme; some of them possess extensive circulating libraries -accessible to their members only, while most of their rooms are hung -with specimen fish, portraits of prominent anglers, aquatic birds, -flies, &c. In winter evenings, when angling is out of the question, the -interest in the sport is thus kept up, and plans for the coming season -formed, tackle compared, and various other matters arranged. - -Most of the London clubs admit country members at a lower rate of -subscription than ordinary members, and thus benefits accrue on both -sides. Country members, when in town, can obtain all the advantages -enumerated, and they have occasionally the opportunity of procuring the -town member a day's fishing "far from the madding crowd." - - RED PALMER. - - - - -[Illustration] - - ALFRED & SON, - - FISHING ROD AND TACKLE MAKERS - - TO H.R.H. THE DUKE OF EDINBURGH, - - =20, MOORGATE STREET, E.C.= - - - =BEFORE BUYING= - FISHING TACKLE - CALL AND INSPECT - - Our Selection of Trout Rods, the most complete - Stock in London. - - SINGLE BRAZED FLY RODS - FROM =7/6= - - Check Winches from 2s. Fly Lines, 1d., 2d., and 3d. per yard. Gut - Casts from 4d. to 1s. each. Flies dressed on best Drawn Gut, kept in - Stock, or tied to any Pattern, 2s. per doz. - - SEND A GUINEA - FOR OUR FLY-FISHING OUTFIT - - _Comprising Brazed Rod, Metal Winch, 40 yards Line, - Casts, and Book of Flies._ - - Foreign and Country Orders must enclose Remittance. - - =Note the Address: 20, MOORGATE STREET, LONDON. E.C.= - - - - - =THE ACME= - - METAL CENTRED LINES - - -are the Finest and Best yet made. They are the most Scientifically -constructed Fly and Spinning Lines ever introduced to the Angling -public. They are supplied on this condition of purchase: Cash refunded -or duplicate line supplied if line be not deemed satisfactory after -twelve months' wear. - -[Illustration] - -Mr. +Wm. Senior+, (Angling) Editor of the _Field_, says: "My -experience of the lines with wire centre is quite another thing, and -it is confined to the 'Acme' of Messrs. D. & W. H. Foster, of -Ashbourne.... I ordered a line that will do for light salmon or Pike -Spinning (No. 1), and another for trout fishing (No. 0). This was two -seasons ago. I have used both lines hard ever since, and they appear -to be quite good for the chances of 1886. They are, in short, the -best lines I ever had."--Contribution to a controversy _re_ Lines, in -the _Fishing Gazette_, March 27th, 1886. - -See also recommendations of the +Acme+ in _Land and Water_, August -28th, 1888; _Bell's Life_, September 18th, 1885; _Fishing Gazette_, -September 19th, 1885: _Field_, August 16th, 1884; and the leading -journals of Russia, Austria, the U.S.A., Finland, &c. - -=The British Braided All-Silk Waterproof Lines= (1-1/2d. per yd.), and -=The Indestructible Ditto= (1/6 per score yds.) are the best all-silk -Lines in the Market. - - The Best Killing Flies are the new Skin Winged "=BITTERN=." - - Patent applied for. Price =3/-= per dozen. - -[Illustration] - - They are fifty per cent. nearer nature than the old style - artificials. "Two of the three varieties sent had a fair trial, and - they proved more successful than any other flies."--The Rev. +A. R. - Francis, M.A.+, in the _Fishing Gazette_, September 15th, 1888. - - =For New and Refined Improvements in Tackle, see - FOSTER'S CATALOGUE.= - - - =PHENOMENAL SUCCESS= - - Has attended the Inventions and Improvements we have, during the past - half century, introduced. Every Angler should possess a copy of our - Newly Issued Catalogue. Well worth 1s., vide _Fishing Gazette_. It - contains 133 pages, and over 200 illustrations (some in colours). - Post free, four stamps. - - - D. & W. H. FOSTER, Manufacturers, - - =ASHBOURNE, ENGLAND.= - - - - - HARDY'S RODS. - - CANE BUILT STEEL-CENTRE, CANE BUILT GREENHEART, AND GENERAL TACKLE - STAND. - - =UNRIVALLED THROUGHOUT THE WORLD.= - - _This is proved by the great number of AWARDS given them, and their - GENERAL USE by ANGLERS of NOTE._ - - REGISTERED - - [Illustration] - - TRADE MARK. - - -Those who wish for PERFECT ADAPTABILITY, giving the BEST RESULTS with -the LEAST EXPENDITURE of FORCE or CASH, should send _THREE STAMPS for -our ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE and ANGLERS' GUIDE_. - - HARDY BROTHERS, - LONDON & NORTH BRITISH WORKS, - ALNWICK, NORTHUMBERLAND. - - - - -=~HOLLAND'S FLOATING FLIES.~= - - -GEO. HOLLAND, of BRIDGE STREET, SALISBURY, Practical Fly-Fisher and Fly -Maker, begs to inform Anglers that he is now prepared to execute orders -for his STANDARD TROUT and GRAYLING FLIES for Hampshire, Derbyshire, -Yorkshire, and all other Streams, at the following prices for -cash:--Hackle Flies, 1s. 9d. per dozen; Single-winged Flies, 2s. per -dozen; Double-winged Floaters, 2s. 6d. per dozen; Ibis, Macaw, and -Indian Crow Tags, 2s. 6d. per dozen. Bumbles, ditto, on gut, or Eyed -Hooks. EVERY HOOK IS TESTED BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER TYING. G. H. is agent -for the Celebrated English Split-Cane Fly Rods, made by Messrs. Hardy -Brothers, and has Special Patterns for Dry-Fly Fishing, as used by some -of the best Hampshire Anglers. Agent for Messrs. S. Allcock and Co.'s -Celebrated "Standard" Angling Requisites. Holland's Cobweb Gut sold in -three-yard Tapered Casts, or in Hanks. This Gut is of the best quality -obtainable, and carefully selected. Flies made to order, and from the -patterns given in Mr. Halford's "Floating Flies and How to Dress Them." -G. H., having personal and practical knowledge of Fly-Fishing both in -North and South Country Streams, is able to advise his Customers as to -the Best Killers for different seasons and localities. By Special -Appointment Sole Agent in this neighbourhood for Messrs. +S. Allcock and -Co., Standard Works, Redditch+. - -Being a Specialist for Trout and Grayling Requisites, gentlemen may rely -on getting just what they want. - -I am very much pleased with the flies. They are splendidly tied and are -just what I wanted. - - +Francis Francis, Esq.+ - - * * * * * - -G. Holland is one of the most excellent professional fly tiers in the -three kingdoms, and has carried the department of Floating Fly-tying to -special excellence. - - +H. Cholmondeley Pennell, Esq.+--_Badminton Library._ - - * * * * * - -I never saw anything more life-like or perfect. - - +Francis M. Walbran, Esq.+ - - * * * * * - -As a fly fisher of more than fifty years, I have had very extensive -experience of Fly Dressing, and it is fairly due to you to state that I -have never met with flies better or more artistically tied than yours, -and I never miss an opportunity of recommending your flies. - - +H. R. Francis, Esq.+--_Badminton Library._ - - * * * * * - - -COBWEB DRAWN GUT WITH UNBROKEN SKIN. - -"Examined by the microscope the gut is much rounder and more perfect in -structure than any I have seen, also smaller in diameter; some of the -lengths are 3-1,000ths of an inch only. Its transparency is also very -great, and there are seen no fibres along the length, which is so common -with the ordinary drawn gut. Please send two more hanks." - - +J. Hawksley, Esq.+, London. - - * * * * * - -Dear Sir,--I promised to let you know how those small eyed snecks did -among heavy fish. I am glad to find them exceeding good; so far I have -had no accidents with them, and I had some very heavy fish. Amongst -others, I have killed during the last four days six grayling weighing -15lb., the heaviest brace going a trifle over 5-3/4lb. All these fish -have been killed on your cobweb gut, which is the best I ever had--a -perfect marvel of strength and fineness combined. Most of my fish have -succumbed to the tiny Orange Tags I had from you a fortnight ago, though -the largest fish, a three-pounder, came home on a light Olive. The -Orange Tag is, however, about the best grayling fly it is possible to -use on a sunny day, and it will, in bright weather, frequently do -execution with trout. I hooked three good fish with it in less than ten -minutes one day last week. - - Yours very truly, - +H. S. Hall+. - - - - - +Ogden & Scotford+, - - MANUFACTURERS OF - - Fishing Rods, Flies and Tackle - - For all Parts of the World. - - 25, CRAYFORD ROAD, HOLLOWAY - - =LONDON.= - - Works at PITVILLE, CHELTENHAM. - - PRIZE MEDALLISTS, FISHERIES EXHIBITION, LONDON, 1883. - - SIX INTERNATIONAL AWARDS. - - Only Makers of the Prize Medal - "MULTUM IN PARVO" - TROUT ROD, now used by most of the - =Leading Sportsmen.= - - Only Makers of the Celebrated - "DEVERAUX MAHOE" - - SALMON AND TROUT RODS; - - The lightest and toughest Wood Rods ever yet introduced. - _Rods to Order of any Description, all warranted Hand Made._ - - - The Original and World Renowned - - =JAMES OGDEN'S TROUT FLIES,= - - OF FIRST QUALITY ONLY, - - DRESSED BY MRS. JAMES OGDEN. - - Special attention given to Pattern Flies. - - Outfits for any part of the World on the shortest notice possible. - - - - -Transcriber's notes: -Text in italics is marked with _underscore_, bold text with the =equals -sign= and small capitals with +plus+. Double underlined text marked with -~tilde~. -Archaic spelling retained. The following corrections have been made: -p. 25: "opprobium" corrected to "opprobrium" -p. 43: "Southamption" corrected to "Southampton" -Advertisement "Holland's Floating Flies": "miscroscope"corrected to -"microscope". -Obvious punctuation errors repaired (e.g. added period after No -"No. 0"). - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on -Fly Fishing, by James Tayler - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - -***** This file should be named 40446-8.txt or 40446-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/4/40446/ - -Produced by S. 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Thus, we do not necessarily -keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper edition. - - -Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility: - - http://www.gutenberg.org - -This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm, -including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary -Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to -subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks. diff --git a/40446-8.zip b/40446-8.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index 1fdba11..0000000 --- a/40446-8.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/40446-h.zip b/40446-h.zip Binary files differdeleted file mode 100644 index f5aefb1..0000000 --- a/40446-h.zip +++ /dev/null diff --git a/40446-h/40446-h.htm b/40446-h/40446-h.htm index 41705da..b2cae98 100644 --- a/40446-h/40446-h.htm +++ b/40446-h/40446-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly Fishing, by James Tayler. @@ -142,46 +142,7 @@ td {padding: 0.3em;} <body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly -Fishing, by James Tayler - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on Fly Fishing - -Author: James Tayler - -Release Date: August 8, 2012 [EBook #40446] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - - - - -Produced by S. Eder, Jason Isbell and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This file was -produced from images generously made available by The -Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40446 ***</div> <div class="figcenter" style="width: 450px;"> <a href="images/coverh.jpg"> @@ -804,7 +765,7 @@ with a side winch, and it also enables the angler to make more of the length of his rod by grasping it lower down.</p> -<p>The best line I know of is the "Acmé," also made +<p>The best line I know of is the "Acmé," also made by Messrs. Foster. It is constructed of plaited silk, with a very fine strand of annealed copper wire running through it. The wire gives a little weight @@ -2553,388 +2514,6 @@ Yours very truly, &nb <p>Obvious punctuation errors repaired (e.g. added period after No "No. 0").</p> </div> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Red Palmer: A Practical Treatise on -Fly Fishing, by James Tayler - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK RED PALMER: A PRACTICAL *** - -***** This file should be named 40446-h.htm or 40446-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/0/4/4/40446/ - -Produced by S. 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