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diff --git a/40458-h/40458-h.htm b/40458-h/40458-h.htm index d31b7d6..f66ed14 100644 --- a/40458-h/40458-h.htm +++ b/40458-h/40458-h.htm @@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> - <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=iso-8859-1" /> + <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" /> <title> The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Real Jesus Of The Four Gospels, by J. B. Atwater. @@ -100,44 +100,7 @@ hr.chap {width: 65%} </style> </head> <body> - - -<pre> - -Project Gutenberg's The Real Jesus of the Four Gospels, by J. B. Atwater - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: The Real Jesus of the Four Gospels - -Author: J. B. Atwater - -Release Date: August 8, 2012 [EBook #40458] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE REAL JESUS OF THE FOUR GOSPELS *** - - - - -Produced by David Edwards, Paul Clark and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40458 ***</div> <div class="transnote"> <p>Transcriber's Note:</p> @@ -299,11 +262,11 @@ mention any relationship between Jesus and John.</p> <p>Mark and John furnish no information as to the life of Jesus prior to His baptism by John.</p> -<p>Both Matthew and Luke agree in giving Bethlehem of Judća as the place of +<p>Both Matthew and Luke agree in giving Bethlehem of Judæa as the place of Jesus' birth. Apparently Matthew considered Bethlehem the then residence of Joseph and Mary, for he says nothing of their presence there being temporary, and Joseph, when he returned from Egypt, was going back to -Judća (Bethlehem), but, on being warned of God in a dream, "he turned +Judæa (Bethlehem), but, on being warned of God in a dream, "he turned aside into the parts of Galilee; and he came and dwelt in a city called Nazareth" (Matt. II:22, 23). Luke, however, says that Joseph and Mary came down to Bethlehem from Nazareth to be taxed (or enrolled), and, @@ -657,7 +620,7 @@ evangelists, narrates the miracle at Cana of changing water into wine (John II:1-10), and says that this was Jesus' first miracle (John II:11). He then describes the curing of the sick "son of a nobleman of Capernaum" (John IV:46-53), and says that this was the second miracle -"which Jesus did when He was come out of Judća into Galilee," viz: after +"which Jesus did when He was come out of Judæa into Galilee," viz: after His baptism by John (John IV:54). The circumstances of this miracle are quite similar to those of the centurion's servant described by Matthew and Luke, the cure being effected in the absence of the patient.</p> @@ -755,7 +718,7 @@ her by the hand, and called, saying, Maid, arise" (Luke VIII:54).</p> XI:1-46). It occurred late in Jesus' prophetic career, very shortly before the last Passover (John XI:55; XII:1, and following). Jesus was then at Bethabara in Decapolis (John X:40; I:28). Lazarus and his -sisters, Mary and Martha, were living in Bethany, in Judća, quite near +sisters, Mary and Martha, were living in Bethany, in Judæa, quite near Jerusalem, but some little distance from Bethabara. Jesus already knew the family and "loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus." Lazarus falling sick, the sisters send to Jesus saying, "Lord, behold, he whom @@ -1046,7 +1009,7 @@ to Jerusalem, since they precede much of Jesus' teaching and many of His parables and miracles.<a name="FNanchor_32_32" id="FNanchor_32_32"></a><a href="#Footnote_32_32" class="fnanchor">[32]</a><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[Pg 40]</a></span></p> <p>As the last Passover approached, Jesus "departed from Galilee and came -into the coasts of Judća beyond Jordan" (Matt. XIX:1). He continued His +into the coasts of Judæa beyond Jordan" (Matt. XIX:1). He continued His preaching as He journeyed, and finally came to Bethphage, nigh unto Jerusalem (Matt. XXI:1). From there He sends two of His disciples to a neighboring village, and they bring to Him an ass and her colt (Matt. @@ -1347,7 +1310,7 @@ am" (Luke XXII:66-71).</p> and somewhat different from, that of Matthew and Mark. The charge is maliciously distorted so as to offend the political susceptibilities of the Romans. "We found this fellow perverting the nation, and forbidding -to give tribute to Cćsar, saying that He Himself is Christ, a King" +to give tribute to Cæsar, saying that He Himself is Christ, a King" (Luke XXIII:2). Pilate, after questioning Jesus, says at once, "I find no fault in this Man" (Luke XXIII:4). This makes the chief priests the more fierce, and they press again their charges, mentioning that Jesus @@ -1405,7 +1368,7 @@ their law He ought to die, "because He made Himself the Son of God" further with Jesus, evidently hoping to find some way out of his dilemma (John XIX:8-11). "And from thenceforth Pilate sought to release Him; but the Jews cried out, saying, If thou let this Man go, thou art not<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[Pg 52]</a></span> -Cćsar's friend" (John XIX:12). Pilate makes one more effort to save +Cæsar's friend" (John XIX:12). Pilate makes one more effort to save Jesus, but, failing, delivers Him over to be crucified (John XIX:13-16).</p> <h3>THE CRUCIFIXION</h3> @@ -1438,7 +1401,7 @@ feared greatly, saying, Truly this was the Son of God" (Matt. XXVII:54). There were many women from Galilee, "beholding afar off," including Mary Magdalene, Mary, Jesus' aunt, and also the mother of the apostles James and John (Matt. XXVII:55, 56). "When the even was come" Joseph, a rich -man of Arimathća, takes Jesus' body, Pilate, at his request having +man of Arimathæa, takes Jesus' body, Pilate, at his request having delivered it to him, wraps it "in a clean linen cloth," and lays it in his own new tomb, "hewn out in the rock." He rolls a great stone to the door of the sepulchre and departs (Matt. XXVII:57-60). On the following @@ -1475,7 +1438,7 @@ The sun was darkened and the "veil of the temple was rent in the midst" man, and "all the people that came together to that sight" smote their breasts (Luke XXIII:47, 48), "and all His acquaintance and the women that followed Him from Galilee stood afar off, beholding these things" -(Luke XIII:49). Joseph of Arimathća obtains Jesus' body from Pilate, and +(Luke XIII:49). Joseph of Arimathæa obtains Jesus' body from Pilate, and lays it in a new sepulchre, hewn in stone (Luke XXIII:50-53), "and the women also, which came with Him from Galilee, followed after and beheld the sepulchre, and how His body was laid. And they returned and prepared @@ -1503,7 +1466,7 @@ of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, "came there out blood and water" (John XIX:28-37).<a name="FNanchor_51_51" id="FNanchor_51_51"></a><a href="#Footnote_51_51" class="fnanchor">[51]</a></p> <p>John does not mention any supernatural occurrences at the time of Jesus' -death, Joseph of Arimathća obtains Jesus' body "secretly" from Pilate, +death, Joseph of Arimathæa obtains Jesus' body "secretly" from Pilate, and, with the aid of Nicodemus, wound the body in linen with spices—"A mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight"—"as the manner of the Jews is to bury" (John XIX:38-40). "Now, in the place @@ -1933,8 +1896,8 @@ sixteenth century, the greater part of Europe would have bowed the knee to Mahomet, and the Mosque would have superseded the Church as the authorized place of worship.</p> -<p>If our colonial ancestors had obeyed the injunction, "Render to Cćsar -the things that are Cćsar's," there would have been no American +<p>If our colonial ancestors had obeyed the injunction, "Render to Cæsar +the things that are Cæsar's," there would have been no American Revolution.</p> <p>If the "conscientious objectors" had swayed the councils of the North in @@ -2235,7 +2198,7 @@ possessors of riches, as though they were evil doers.</p> <p>Nearly all the persons named in the Gospels as intimate friends and associates of Jesus (outside of the apostles) were, apparently, more or less prominent, and belonged at least to the well-to-do class. Joseph of -Arimathća, a disciple of Jesus, and one "waiting for the Kingdom of +Arimathæa, a disciple of Jesus, and one "waiting for the Kingdom of God," and who placed His body in the sepulchre, was a rich man (Matt. XXVII:57; Luke XXIII:50, 51).<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[Pg 74]</a></span> Nicodemus, who assisted Joseph in the burial, brought a hundred pound weight of myrrh and aloes indicating @@ -2284,14 +2247,14 @@ resistance to the Roman power was hope<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id the Jews would have brought on them imprisonment, death and countless sufferings, and, if persisted in, would have resulted in the enslavement or extermination of the race. In putting to Jesus the question: "Is it -lawful to give tribute unto Cćsar or not?" the Pharisees thought they +lawful to give tribute unto Cæsar or not?" the Pharisees thought they had framed a dilemma from which He could not escape. If He had been a fanatical non-compromiser, He could only have answered the question in the negative. The Pharisees would then have denounced Him to the Romans, and thereby compassed His immediate death before His mission was completed.</p> -<p>His answer, "Render therefore unto Cćsar the things which are Cćsar's, +<p>His answer, "Render therefore unto Cæsar the things which are Cæsar's, and unto God the things that are God's"—is pregnant with meaning to all religious bigots and fanatics if they could only open their minds to its significance. This earth is not a heaven, and cannot be made one so long @@ -2599,7 +2562,7 @@ African descent, whom we hold and propose to hold as slaves."<a name="FNanchor_5 <p>Stripping the grievances of the colonists of their heated and declamatory rhetoric, their real sufferings under the misrule of Great Britain were far less than those of the Jews under the Romans, when -Jesus said, "Render unto Cćsar the things that are Cćsar's." Many of the +Jesus said, "Render unto Cæsar the things that are Cæsar's." Many of the foremost statesmen in England supported the justness of the colonists' claims, and most of the obnoxious taxes were repealed before the Declaration of Independence. With time and patience the difficulties @@ -3042,7 +3005,7 @@ variety of Jews, from first to last, the Sabbath has been absolutely a day of joy and happiness, nay, of dancing, of singing, of eating and drinking, and of luxury."</p> -<p>International Cyclopćdia, Sabbath, Vol. XII, p. 857.</p> +<p>International Cyclopædia, Sabbath, Vol. XII, p. 857.</p> <p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[Pg 92]</a></span></p> @@ -3786,7 +3749,7 @@ took place. This massacre is not mentioned in the four Gospels, except in this Chapter of Matthew, nor is it recorded by any profane historian of that time, like Josephus. Even supposing that Herod—a Roman tetrarch and not an independent despot—would have dared a wholesale slaughter of -Roman subjects without express authority from Augustus Cćsar, yet so +Roman subjects without express authority from Augustus Cæsar, yet so terrible an event would have left an indelible impression on the Jewish people. If it had occurred, connected as it was with the birth of Jesus, it is incredible that the other evangelists should have omitted all @@ -3810,9 +3773,9 @@ that Galilee was "his own country" (Matt. XIII:54; XXI:11; XXVI:71). Luke, who recognizes Nazareth as the native city of Joseph, explains his presence in Bethlehem on the theory that he, being of the house of David, came to Bethlehem to be enrolled under the census taken by -Quirinius, pursuant to a decree of Cćsar Augustus (Luke II:1). But the +Quirinius, pursuant to a decree of Cæsar Augustus (Luke II:1). But the authorities generally agree that this census did not extend to the -tetrarchies, like Judća, and that it was taken at least ten years after +tetrarchies, like Judæa, and that it was taken at least ten years after the birth of Jesus (Renan, Life of Jesus, Chap. II). Besides, it is taxing one's credulity to the utmost to suppose that the Roman officers would have allowed a citizen of Nazareth to enroll himself in an @@ -3945,7 +3908,7 @@ messengers sent to Him (John V:32, 33; III:25-36). <p> Baptism, as it developed into a religious rite after Jesus' death—the first step towards admission into the membership of a church—was -unknown to the Jews and to Jesus Himself (Kitto's Cyclopćdia of Bib. +unknown to the Jews and to Jesus Himself (Kitto's Cyclopædia of Bib. Lit., pp. 282-290). </p> <p> @@ -3965,7 +3928,7 @@ out in the world to preach, and not one word is said about baptism </p> <p> Probably the evangelists felt the need (more than Jesus Himself) of -fortifying the latter's cause with the ćgis of John's popularity. At +fortifying the latter's cause with the ægis of John's popularity. At this time the Jews were filled with expectations of the coming of some ruler (Elias, Christ, the Messiah, "he who shall come," etc.), who should establish an earthly kingdom and give them victory over the @@ -4356,7 +4319,7 @@ even aroused animosity. Thus Matthew says that Jesus, in the beginning of His prophetic career, "went about all Galilee," teaching and preaching and "healing all manner of sickness and all manner of disease among the people." "And there followed Him great multitudes of people -from Galilee and from Decapolis and from Jerusalem and from Judća and +from Galilee and from Decapolis and from Jerusalem and from Judæa and from beyond Jordan" (Matt. IV:23, 24, 25. See Mark III:7, 8). But, in Chap. XIII:53-58, he relates how Jesus, coming "into His own country" at a later date and preaching there, the people "were offended in Him." @@ -4383,11 +4346,11 @@ Luke VIII:37). <p> After Jesus had preached in Jerusalem and performed at least one miracle there (John V:5-9), the people were so incensed against Him that "He -would not walk in Jewry (Judća), because the Jews sought to kill Him" +would not walk in Jewry (Judæa), because the Jews sought to kill Him" (John VII:1). </p> <p> -Later He went secretly into Judća on the occasion of the feast of the +Later He went secretly into Judæa on the occasion of the feast of the tabernacles (John VII:2, 10), and the people took "up stones to cast at Him, but Jesus hid Himself and went out of the temple, going through the midst of them and so passed by" (John VIII:59). Again, when He had @@ -5345,7 +5308,7 @@ The first line is the original line, the second the corrected one.</p> <p> tetrarchies, like <span class="u">Judaea</span>, and that it was taken at least ten years after<br /> -tetrarchies, like <span class="u">Judća</span>, and that it was taken at least ten years after +tetrarchies, like <span class="u">Judæa</span>, and that it was taken at least ten years after </p> <p> @@ -5355,7 +5318,7 @@ tetrarchies, like <span class="u">Judća</span>, and that it was taken at least t <p> and came into the coasts of <span class="u">Judaea</span> beyond Jordan" (Matt. XIX:1).<br /> -and came into the coasts of <span class="u">Judća</span> beyond Jordan" (Matt. XIX:1). +and came into the coasts of <span class="u">Judæa</span> beyond Jordan" (Matt. XIX:1). </p> <p> @@ -5375,7 +5338,7 @@ sacrifice for mercy <span class="u">(Matt. XII:7).</span> When prayers are regar <p> International <span class="u">Cyclopaedia</span>, Sabbath, Vol. XII, p. 857.<br /> -International <span class="u">Cyclopćdia</span>, Sabbath, Vol. XII, p. 857. +International <span class="u">Cyclopædia</span>, Sabbath, Vol. XII, p. 857. </p> <p> @@ -5384,382 +5347,6 @@ of that day advised "<i>panem et circenses</i>"--food and <span class="u">amusem </p> </div> - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Real Jesus of the Four Gospels, by -J. B. 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