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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40662 ***
+
+  [Transcriber's Note:
+
+  The "^" character is used to denote superscripted letters,
+  e.g. "p^r." means "p" with a superscripted "r."]
+
+
+
+
+                                _SALONA_
+
+                            _FAIRFAX COUNTY
+                                VIRGINIA_
+
+                                   by
+                             Ellen Anderson
+
+             Fairfax County Office of Comprehensive Planning
+
+                              February 1979
+
+
+              Other Fairfax County Office of Comprehensive
+          Planning historical publications are available from:
+
+                   Fairfax County Publications Center
+                      Massey Building, First Floor
+                         4100 Chain Bridge Road
+                        Fairfax, Virginia 22030
+
+
+            Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 79-84335
+
+
+
+
+                                CONTENTS
+
+
+             Illustrations                                  v
+
+             Acknowledgments                              vii
+
+             Introduction                                   1
+
+             I.    Langley and the Lees                     5
+
+             II.   Salona and the Maffitts                 11
+
+             III.  Salona for Sale                         25
+
+             IV.   Salona and the Smoots                   28
+
+             V.    Salona and the DuVals                   41
+
+             VI.   Salona: The House and Outbuildings      45
+
+             VII.  Preservation by Easement                53
+
+             Chapter Notes                                 55
+
+             Appendixes
+
+                  A. Chain of Title, 1719-1974             71
+
+                  B. Maffitt Inventory, 1828               77
+
+                  C. Maffitt Slave Schedule                81
+
+                  D. DuVal Deed of Easement                84
+
+             List of Sources                               95
+
+
+
+
+                                    ILLUSTRATIONS
+
+
+             Salona location                                         2
+
+             Thomas Lee's 1719 grant, "Langley"                      7
+
+             Advertisement, land later called "Salona"               9
+
+             The Reverend William Maffitt                           13
+
+             William Maffitt, Jr.                                   25
+
+             The Reverend William Maffitt's tombstone               27
+
+             Civil War troops at Salona                             29
+
+             McDowell's 1862 Civil War map                          30
+
+             Wartime memorandum                                     32
+
+             Smoot family portraits                                 34
+
+             Jacob Gilliam Smoot and some family heirlooms          35
+
+             G. M. Hopkins _Atlas_ map, 1879                        36
+
+             The Salona Farm, 1890 and 1900                         37
+
+             Rambler photo of Salona, 1914                          38
+
+             Division of Smoot property, 1947                       40
+
+             DuVal family portrait, 1957                            42
+
+             Salona first and second floor plans                    46
+
+             Salona attic floor plan                                47
+
+             West wall                                              49
+
+             Entrance hall                                          49
+
+             Old stone house                                        50
+
+             Springhouse                                            50
+
+             Rear views of Salona mansion                           51
+
+             Smokehouse                                             51
+
+             Stone barn ruins                                       51
+
+             Outdoor kitchen                                        52
+
+             Old brick privy                                        52
+
+             Permanent and temporary easement plat                  54
+
+
+
+
+                ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
+
+
+Many people have helped materially with the story of Salona. Peter
+Maffitt, descendant of the Rev. William Maffitt, and Douglass and
+Henry Mackall, descendants of one of Maffitt's sisters, generously
+shared information on the Maffitt family and gave William Maffitt a
+three-dimensional shape. John D. K. Smoot, Jane Smoot Wilson and
+William Smoot, descendants of Jacob Smoot, recalled many stories of
+their family and of Salona. Clive and Susan DuVal, present owners of
+Salona, endured hours of interviews, photographing, and measuring of
+the house and outbuildings.
+
+Valuable assistance has also been given by Mike Rierson, Fairfax
+County Park Authority, and W. Brown Morton, III, National Park
+Service, who contributed useful information on the architectural
+features and possible age of Salona; and William Elkjer measured and
+drew up floor plans of Salona. The Rev. William Sengel of the Old
+Presbyterian Meeting House, Jean Elliot, Frank Gapp, John Gott,
+Winslow Hatch, Beth Mitchell, and Donie Rieger also contributed
+information.
+
+Librarians who have provided information and encouragement are Harva
+Sheeler, Dot de Wilde, and Eric Grundset, Virginia Room, Fairfax
+County Public Library; Mathilde Williams, Peabody Collection,
+Georgetown Public Library; the helpful staff at the Archives
+Division, Virginia State Library; and Ruth B. Lee, Historical
+Foundation of the Presbyterian and Reformed Church, Montreat, North
+Carolina.
+
+
+
+
+                  Introduction
+
+
+At the edge of the busy commercial area of the community of McLean,
+hidden from the heavy traffic on Dolley Madison Boulevard by a
+natural screen of trees and shrubs, stands the substantial brick
+dwelling known as Salona. Only a portion of the original 466 acres
+surrounds the house; the rest of the land has been converted into
+church properties, shopping centers, residential subdivisions, and
+other appurtenances of development.
+
+Originally, the land was part of a large grant of 2,630 acres taken
+out by Thomas Lee in 1719 from the Northern Neck proprietor, and
+later named "Langley," a name which persists in the area to the
+present day.
+
+The Reverend William Maffitt of Maryland purchased the 466-acre
+parcel in 1812, and he may have been the builder of the brick house
+at Salona to which President James Madison fled when the British
+burned the capital in August, 1814.
+
+After the death of Maffitt, the property went through the hands of
+several northerners who were part of the influx of Yankees just prior
+to the outbreak of the Civil War. The parcel was divided into several
+pieces.
+
+Jacob G. Smoot of Georgetown, D.C., purchased 208 acres, including
+the house, in 1853. He and his descendants owned Salona for almost
+100 years--through the Civil War when Camp Griffin troops were
+temporary residents in tent villages on Salona and surrounding
+property and in the extended period of rebuilding during the
+agricultural era following. They witnessed and were part of the
+subdivision of lands for suburban tract housing.
+
+As a reflection of changes experienced in the Washington metropolitan
+area following World War II, Clive DuVal, a veteran, came from
+New York to accept employment with the federal government. He and his
+wife Susan purchased Salona with  the idea of restoring it and using
+it for a family residence.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+The DuVals entered into a period of community participation which
+repeatedly involved the house as a center for meetings, tours and
+entertainment. Because it was a sound, comfortable, gracious old
+house with historical associations and community significance, they
+decided to grant a permanent historic and scenic easement to Fairfax
+County in 1971, preserving the house, its brick outbuildings and
+eight acres of land surrounding them in perpetuity. A temporary
+easement for 44 additional acres of the Salona property was granted
+at the same time, fitting in with the county's stated purpose to
+shape the character, direction and timing of community development
+through the preservation of open space land.
+
+Because of its historical associations, the house was placed on the
+Virginia State Landmarks Register and on the National Register of
+Historic Places in 1973.
+
+
+
+
+ I
+
+ LANGLEY AND THE LEES
+
+
+The brick house known as Salona stands solidly on a portion of the
+original grant known as "Langley," a tract named by Thomas Lee for
+ancestral Lee lands in Shropshire, England.
+
+Thomas Lee was born in Westmoreland County, Virginia, in 1690, the
+fifth son of Richard Lee, II, a member of the King's Council and
+Naval Officer and Receiver of Customs for the Potomac. When Richard
+died in 1714, young Thomas succeeded his father as Naval Officer for
+the Potomac. Three years earlier, in 1711, he had been appointed
+resident agent along with his uncle, Edmund Jenings, for Lady
+Catherine Fairfax. She was proprietor of the Northern Neck grant of
+over 5,000,000 acres of land originally made by Charles II in exile
+to seven loyal followers, in 1649. She had become dissatisfied with
+the management of her agents Micajah Perry and Robert Carter. While
+his uncle was in England, Thomas Lee kept the books for the
+proprietary and visited most of the farflung Fairfax property. After
+his uncle returned to Virginia and took over the books, Lee used the
+knowledge gained from his work with the Fairfax estate to acquire
+grants of his own, among them, in 1719, the Langley tract of 2,862
+acres on the Potomac River between Great Falls and Little Falls.
+Because of the strategic location of this tract, he hoped to benefit
+from the economic development of the western lands. While he never
+realized this dream, he did become president of the King's Council
+and, in 1749, acting governor of the Colony.[1]
+
+After Thomas Lee's death in 1750, the Langley property went to his
+eldest son, Philip Ludwell Lee, who also was a member of the King's
+Council. A Royalist by preference he did not share the revolutionary
+enthusiasms of his younger brothers, Richard Henry Lee, and Francis
+Lightfoot Lee, signers of the Declaration of Independence. Moreover,
+Philip Ludwell Lee, as administrator of his father's estate, was
+responsible for paying their legacies to the younger children. These
+legacies were never paid in full, an omission which further widened
+the gap between him and his siblings.[2] In the tradition of his
+father who had envisioned development of the upper Potomac, Philip
+Ludwell Lee established the Town of Philee on 100 acres at the Little
+Falls of the Potomac. Although he actually built warehouses there,
+the town was doomed to failure.[3]
+
+Philip Ludwell Lee died in 1775, and the Langley tract was divided
+between his two daughters: Matilda, who married Henry (Light Horse
+Harry) Lee, and Flora, who married Ludwell Lee of Belmont in Loudoun
+County. Matilda inherited the portion on which Salona was built. If
+any buildings existed on the tract at that time, it seems probable
+that Matilda, as the elder daughter, would have been given the
+section on which they were located.[4]
+
+By an ironic twist of fate, in 1782, Matilda Lee, daughter of
+die-hard Royalist Philip Ludwell Lee, married Henry Lee, a dashing
+young officer in the American forces, whose brilliant military
+exploits at Brandywine, Monmouth, and Paulus Hook (now Jersey City)
+won him the esteem of General George Washington, the soubriquet of
+"Light Horse Harry," and, in 1780, promotion to the rank of
+lieutenant-colonel.
+
+"Harry" Lee was the son of Henry Lee of Leesylvania, in Prince
+William County, and Lucy Grymes Lee. His father was a member of the
+House of Burgesses for many years and when the war with England
+began, was in charge of recruiting and equipping troops for
+Washington's army. After serving as a delegate to the Continental
+Congress of 1785-88 and the Virginia Constitutional Convention of
+1788, he was elected to the Virginia Legislature where he served
+until 1791. His wife, Matilda, died in 1790, leaving him a son,
+Henry. Matilda left the Langley tract to her son, with a life
+interest to her husband.[5]
+
+To assuage his grief, Harry Lee plunged deeper into politics and in
+1791 was elected Governor of Virginia. Two years later he married
+again, this time to Anne Hill Carter of Shirley. One of their sons was
+Robert E. Lee, later commander-in-chief of the Armies of the
+Confederacy. After a two-year term in Congress, Harry Lee's star began
+to wane. His attempt to establish a town, Matildaville, at the Great
+Falls of the Potomac, had failed, and his other land speculations had
+gone sour. Eventually he spent two years in debtor's prison in
+Westmoreland County, where he had once sat as a justice. In 1810, he
+moved his family to Alexandria, and in 1812, was given a permanent
+commission as a major-general in the United States Army, but his
+failing health made it impossible for him to take part in the war
+against England. He spent his last days in the West Indies, in a vain
+attempt to recover his health. He died in 1818.[6]
+
+[Illustration: _Thomas Lee's 1719 grant, adjoining Turberville,
+showing the future 208-acre Smoot property at Salona._]
+
+Harry's brother, Richard Bland Lee, did all he could to keep economic
+ruin from devastating the former war hero, but managed only to get
+himself deeper in debt. In 1808, during the period of financial
+disaster, Harry Lee and his son sold the Langley tract to Richard
+Bland Lee for $25,000. William Maffitt was a witness.[7]
+
+No records or correspondence have yet appeared to indicate that any
+of the Lees built a dwelling on the Langley tract. Thomas Lee had the
+money, but architectural historians do not believe the house was
+constructed during his lifetime. Philip Ludwell Lee could have built
+on the tract, especially because of his town, Philee, on the Potomac,
+but again the house does not appear to be old enough to have been
+built during his lifetime.
+
+Light Horse Harry Lee might have built the house when he was involved
+with the development of Matildaville; estimated dates for the
+construction range from 1790 to 1810. But after 1803 both Harry Lee
+and his brother Richard Bland Lee were facing financial difficulties
+and probably would not have built a large brick house on the Langley
+tract at that time.
+
+During Richard Bland Lee's ownership of Langley, the land was rented
+to tenants.[8] A Lee descendant wrote in 1969 that "no Lee ever
+resided at 'Langley.' During the Lee tenure, 1719-1839, the place was
+always rented out."[9] So far, no listing of these tenants has been
+discovered. The only person mentioned as a tenant is J. C. Scott.[10]
+Scott has not been satisfactorily identified, although he may have
+been John Caile Scott, grandson of Alexander Scott, owner of
+Strawberry Vale.[11] He could have leased a portion of Langley and
+even built a house on the property. That this was customary in those
+days is shown by the terms of a lease agreement between Richard
+Bland Lee and Henson Lewis, which reveals that Lewis leased 130 acres
+of Lee's Cub Run tract on which he consented to pay taxes, plant and
+maintain an apple orchard, and construct a brick or stone framed
+dwelling at least 16 feet square and a brick or stone framed barn.
+This lease clearly indicates that a tenant on the Langley tract might
+have built Salona under the terms of a similar contract.[12]
+
+[Illustration: _Advertisement for Salona_, Alexandria Gazette,
+_November 18, 1811._]
+
+A bible entry cited by Melvin Steadman in his book on Falls Church
+reports that Thomas Sandford Wren "was born at Salona" on May 19,
+1808, to Richard and Susannah (Adams) Wren.[13] According to
+Steadman, Thomas Wren is buried in the El Nido Cemetery, but all of
+the tombstones, with one exception, have been destroyed.[14] Because
+the name "Salona" appears on a legal document for the first time in
+1823, the reported entry seems still more curious. It is possible
+that Salona may have been built or at least designed by one of the
+Wren family. Susannah Adams Wren, Richard's wife, was a descendant of
+the Adams family which had a mill adjacent to the Salona tract,
+another tie to the area.[15]
+
+Fairfax County tax records provide no clue to a possible date of
+construction. In 1790, the Langley tract was carried on the rolls as
+the property of the Ludwell Lee heirs and was so listed for more than
+20 years. Only two significant changes appeared: one in 1792 when
+more than 500 acres were sold, and again in 1811 after the sale of a
+466-acre tract to Herbert. When William Maffitt first appeared on the
+tax rolls as a landowner in 1813, the 466-acre tract was assessed at
+$880 and his smaller tract at $79.[16]
+
+William Herbert, who took over the 466 acres in payment of judgments
+against Richard Bland Lee, had no apparent intention of living on the
+property or of keeping it. A house must have existed on the property
+when he bought it because when he advertised the property for sale in
+the _Alexandria Gazette_ in November 1811, the copy mentioned "a
+comfortable dwelling house, and out houses, a young thriving orchard
+of the choicest fruit, a good garden paled in, and a spring of fine
+water that has never been known to fail in the driest season, near
+the house." There is no indication that the acreage was under
+cultivation at that time.[17]
+
+On March 10, 1812, the Reverend William Maffitt bought the 466-acre
+tract from William Herbert. It was probably Maffitt who named the
+estate "Salona."
+
+
+ Chapter I Notes
+
+ Langley and the Lees
+
+ [1] Fairfax Harrison, _Landmarks of Old Prince William_ (Berryville,
+Va.: Reprint, Chesapeake Book Company, 1964), pp. 146-149.
+
+ [2] Gardner Cazenove Lee, Jr., _Lee Chronicle_ (New York: New York
+University Press, 1957), pp. 5-6, 55-68; Beth Mitchell, _Beginning at
+a White Oak: Patents and Northern Neck Grants of Fairfax County_
+(Fairfax, Va.: Office of Comprehensive Planning, 1977), pp. 202-203.
+
+ [3] Harrison, _Landmarks_, p. 149.
+
+ [4] Lee, _Chronicle_, pp. 86-92; Edmund Jennings Lee, _Lee of
+Virginia, 1642-1892_ (Philadelphia: By the author, 1895), pp.
+165-167; April 19, 1782, Report of Appraisement and Division of
+Philip Ludwell Lee's Estate, Westmoreland, Va.
+
+ [5] Trevor N. Dupuy and Gay M. Hammerman, _People and Events of the
+American Revolution_ (New York: R. R. Bowker Co., 1974), p. 359;
+Virginia Dabney, _Virginia, The New Dominion_ (New York: Doubleday,
+1971), pp. 170-71.
+
+ [6] Lee, _Chronicle_, pp. 86-92.
+
+ [7] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book, J-2, p. 84.
+
+ [8] Ibid., J-2, p. 245.
+
+ [9] Ludwell Lee Montague letter to Eleanor Lee Templeman, May 4,
+1969. No documentation was given for this statement. Copy in working
+papers, Virginia Room, Fairfax County Central Library.
+
+ [10] Diane Rafuse, _Maplewood_ (Fairfax, Va.: Office of Planning,
+1970), Appendix D.
+
+ [11] Rafuse, _Maplewood_, pp. 56-62.
+
+ [12] Robert S. Gamble, _Sully: The Biography of a House_ (Chantilly,
+Va.: The Sully Foundation, Ltd., 1973), p. 21.
+
+ [13] Melvin Steadman, _Falls Church by Fence and Fireside_ (Falls
+Church, Va.: Falls Church Public Library, 1964), p. 509.
+
+ [14] Author's visit to El Nido Cemetery, off Old Dominion Drive, near
+McLean.
+
+ [15] Janice G. Artemel, A Preliminary Survey of the Literature on
+James Wren. Unpublished study. Falls Church, Va.
+
+ [16] Fairfax County real property tax books, 1790-1813. Virginia
+State Library, Archives Division.
+
+ [17] _Alexandria Gazette_, November 11, 18, 1811.
+
+
+
+
+ II
+
+ SALONA AND THE MAFFITTS
+
+
+The first occupant of record of the house at Salona, William Maffitt,
+is surrounded by legends. Supposedly, Maffitt built Salona in 1801.
+Maffitt was from South Carolina. Maffitt went to Princeton. Maffitt
+preached the funeral sermon for George Washington. Maffitt had a
+boys' school at Salona. Maffitt lived at Salona with his wife
+Harriotte Lee Turberville Maffitt, who deserted her three children by
+her first marriage. Dolley Madison spent the night with the Maffitts
+at Salona when she fled from the White House during the English
+invasion of Washington.
+
+The available documents give a different picture.
+
+William Maffitt was born in Cecil County, Maryland, in 1769, eldest
+son of Samuel and Ann Strawbridge Maffitt.[18] His father was a
+justice of the peace, elder in the Presbyterian Church, owner of a
+flourishing farm and a mill, and was a major under George Washington
+during the American Revolution.
+
+The Rev. Mr. John H. Johns made his contribution to the Maffitt
+legends:
+
+          The Rev. William Maffit [sic] was a son of
+          Samuel Maffit, an elder of this church.
+          Having been licensed October 9th, 1794, by
+          New Castle Presbytery, he went, April 1st,
+          1795, to Alexandria, Va., in Baltimore
+          Presbytery. He had delicate health, and was
+          pastor there for only a brief period, when
+          he went to Salina [sic] six miles from
+          Washington, and there became principal of a
+          school, which he continued to teach for many
+          years. He married twice, each time to a
+          widow Lee, of the noted Lee family of
+          Virginia. He died in 1828.[19]
+
+Although many young men of Cecil County attended Princeton, the
+University does not have Maffitt recorded as a student, and his name
+does not appear in the official list of early Princeton
+graduates.[20] He probably attended some theological school because
+on October 9, 1794, the New Castle Presbytery appointed him to supply
+various New Castle Presbytery congregations.[21] At that time, he
+seems to have been teaching at the Wilmington Academy.[22]
+
+On April 7, 1795, he was transferred to the Baltimore Presbytery,
+with residence in Alexandria.[23] On April 14, 1795, he was hired by
+the Alexandria Academy to teach Latin and English to 35 students for
+the sum of 200 pounds a year.[24]
+
+In 1798, George Washington wrote regarding the education of Martha
+Washington's grandson, George Washington Parke Custis:
+
+          If he (Custis) was to go to Alexandria, his
+          Studies must be conducted at the Academy or
+          in his own chamber. The first, after coming
+          from a large and celebrated College, he
+          would consider as degrading, and in the
+          other case (being left alone) he would
+          attend very little to them while Mr. Moffet
+          was discharging the trust reposed in him at
+          the Academy.[25]
+
+An Alexandria historian, Mary Powell, wrote that: "The school was
+attended by the best classes of Alexandria boys and able instruction
+was given in the classics, history, and elocution." She also
+observed: "The Rev. McWhirr and the Rev. Mr. Moffat were both
+Presbyterian clergymen who taught during the lifetime of General
+Washington. Mr. Leary succeeded Mr. Moffat ..."[26]
+
+In 1801 the _Alexandria Gazette_ reported that the trustees of the
+Alexandria Academy:
+
+          express their satisfaction at the progress
+          of every branch taught in the academy ...
+          reading and spelling; the accurate and
+          extensive knowledge of English grammar and
+          of the Latin classics, reflect the highest
+          honor on the capacity and diligence of Mr.
+          Maffitt, the teacher.[27]
+
+Maffitt remained at the Academy until 1804 when he notified the board
+of trustees that he intended to "relinquish his situation as
+principal" on June 8. No hint of his future plans was given.[28]
+
+At least as early as 1799, Maffitt became a member of Masonic Lodge
+22[29] and took part in other community activities befitting a
+schoolmaster and minister. On December 24, 1799, the _Alexandria
+Gazette_ reported:
+
+          Friday next being St. John's Day, Brother
+          Maffitt, at the request of Lodges 22 and 47,
+          will deliver a Charity Sermon at the
+          Presbyterian Meeting house at which all the
+          brethren are requested to attend. N.B. it is
+          expected that every brother will appear with
+          his badge of mourning--and those of Lodge 22
+          in full mourning.[30]
+
+[Illustration: _A physiognotrace of "William Maffett, chaplain."
+Courtesy of Alexandria-Washington Lodge No. 22, A. F. & A. M.,
+Alexandria, Virginia._]
+
+George Washington, a member of Lodge 22, had died on December 14,
+1799, and the call was to a memorial service. Maffitt did not, as
+legend claims, preach the funeral sermon, although he did march with
+the clergy in the lodge's funeral procession from Alexandria to Mount
+Vernon to attend the ceremony.[31]
+
+Earlier in 1799, the minutes of the General Assembly of the
+Presbyterian Church show that Rev. William Maffitt was assigned to
+Bladensburg.[32] There is no record of his actual presence there and
+he was not re-assigned.[33] For the rest of his life, his listings in
+the minutes show him "without charge." Although Maffitt was a
+licensed minister, there is some doubt that he was ever ordained.[34]
+
+On January 14, 1800, the subscribers to the establishment of a
+Washington Society met at Gadsby's Tavern and William Maffitt was
+named to the committee to form the constitution and by-laws.[35] On
+January 28, Maffitt was appointed chaplain of the society,[36] a post
+which he held at least through 1803. On February 23, 1800, the
+society was called to meet at Gadsby's at 10 a.m. "to move in
+procession to the Presbyterian Meeting House where an oration will be
+delivered by the Rev. Mr. Maffitt, commemorative of the distinguished
+merits of the Illustrious Washington."[37] Again, on February 22,
+1803, the Washington Society called on Maffitt to deliver a memorial
+sermon on the first president "at the Presbyterian Church at 12
+o'clock. There will be instrumental and vocal music and the day will
+be announced by a discharge of 16 rounds from the Market Square."[38]
+
+On February 18, 1801, the Rev. Mr. Maffitt was elected a director of
+the Alexandria Library Co., and was re-elected to this post in 1802,
+1803, and 1804.[39]
+
+On May 5, 1803, the Rev. Dr. Muir, pastor of the Presbyterian Meeting
+House, married the Rev. William Maffitt to Mrs. Harriotte
+Turberville.[40] Harriotte (or Henrietta) was the daughter of Richard
+Henry Lee, a brother of Philip Ludwell Lee, and his second wife, Anne
+Gaskins Pinckard, widow of Thomas Pinckard. Harriotte was born
+December 10, 1773 at Chantilly, the Richard Henry Lee estate in
+Westmoreland County.[41] Her siblings included a younger sister Sarah
+who married another cousin, Edmund Jennings Lee, and the youngest
+son, Francis Lightfoot Lee.[42] Her first marriage in December, 1794,
+was to Richard Lee Turberville, a cousin and neighbor, who died in
+1799,[43] leaving his widow with their three children: Cornelia,
+Richard, and George. Richard and Harriotte Turberville had settled at
+Chantilly in Fairfax County and Richard apparently died there.[44]
+
+When Harriotte and William Maffitt were married, he was still
+principal of the Alexandria Academy, living in Alexandria, and active
+in community affairs. But between June 8, 1804, the date of Maffitt's
+resignation from the Academy, and early 1805, he moved to Chantilly
+with his wife, their first child, and the three children of
+Harriotte's first marriage. It is probable that the move took place
+in 1804, soon after his resignation.
+
+Legal guardian of the three Turberville children was Thomas Lee,
+Harriotte's oldest brother.[45] After his death in 1805, William
+Maffitt was named guardian.[46] In this capacity he had to keep
+accurate accounts of his expenditures on behalf of the children and
+of income received on their property, all of which were matters of
+court record. These records indicate that Maffitt was living at
+Chantilly at that time.
+
+William and Harriotte had two daughters, both christened in the
+Presbyterian Meeting House: Ann Lee, born March 23, 1804, and
+christened on April 20, and Harriotte, born March 16, 1805, and
+christened on April 17, 1805.[47] Harriotte died right after the
+birth of the second daughter, probably on April 11 or 12, 1805,
+because on April 12, Maffitt began paying rent to the three
+Turberville heirs for the use of their property. This was recorded
+for the first time in his accounts for 1805.[48]
+
+That he had a school on the Chantilly estate seems highly probable,
+because starting in 1805, he charged the two Turberville boys for
+board and tuition, but not for transportation.[49] In 1805, Maffitt
+was listed for the first time on the Fairfax County personal property
+tax rolls.[50] In 1810, the county census listed him as having under
+his roof two males under 10, five males between 10 and 16, one male
+between 26 and 45, five females under 10, and one female between 26
+and 45.[51]
+
+The guardian accounts give some interesting insights into day-by-day
+activities. Buying new shoes and mending old ones for the two boys
+were constant expenses. Regular sums of money were sent to Mrs. Lee,
+Harriotte's sister Sally, to pay for Cornelia Turberville's board,
+education, and small purchases. Books and supplies were bought for
+the boys. A large portion of the estate was rented out, and so were
+some of the slaves. The chimney and cellar were repaired; a new barn
+was built.[52]
+
+The accounts also show that Cornelia Turberville was married to
+Charles C. Stuart in 1817, rather than 1814, as some sources report.
+Up to the time of the marriage, Maffitt referred to Cornelia as "C.
+Turberville"; afterwards he formally termed her "Mistress Stuart." He
+also listed money given George Turberville to buy articles to attend
+his sister's wedding.[53] Historians credit Cornelia and her husband
+with building a house named "Chantilly" in honor of the estate of her
+grandfather, Richard Henry Lee, in Westmoreland County.[54] Yet the
+Maffitt accounts specifically refer to "my rent of Chantilly" in
+1814,[55] three years before the Turberville-Stuart marriage.
+Moreover, a public sale was held "at Chantilly" in 1817,[56] with
+cash paid to C. C. Stuart from its proceeds.[57]
+
+Curiously, the accounts show that Maffitt continued to pay rent to
+the Turberville heirs through 1814, the year when, for the first
+time, we definitely know he was living at Salona. Does this mean that
+Maffitt himself built Salona between 1812, when he purchased the
+property, and 1814, or that the house already existed and was rented
+to a tenant through the first part of 1814? That Maffitt was there in
+August 1814 is proven by the documented fact that President Madison
+stayed at Salona overnight with Mr. Maffitt.
+
+Robert Gamble, in his volume on Sully, quotes a letter which states
+that Richard Bland Lee, Jr., was under the tutelage of the Reverend
+Mr. Maffitt at some time preceding 1805.[58] This again would suggest
+that Maffitt had a school at Chantilly, close to Richard Bland Lee's
+home at Sully. Another biographer mentions that
+
+          Edmund Jennings (Lee) was born at
+          Alexandria, then in the District of
+          Columbia, on the 3rd of May, 1797.... Mr.
+          Lee received his earliest educational
+          training at the school of the Rev. Mr.
+          Maffitt in Fairfax, a school of high repute
+          at that day.[59]
+
+Unfortunately no dates or locations are given by the letter-writer or
+the biographer.
+
+In his history of the Old Presbyterian Meeting House, William B.
+McGroarty described Maffitt in a footnote as "a Presbyterian minister
+who conducted a school for boys in Fairfax County near
+Alexandria."[60] Neither Chantilly nor Salona was very close to
+Alexandria.
+
+A letter from A. C. Stuart to Elizabeth Collins Lee in 1805 states
+that:
+
+          Mr. Maffitt intended to leave the place
+          where he now resides and purchase a small
+          farm, that he, Frank (Francis Lightfoot Lee,
+          Harriotte's youngest brother) intended to do
+          the same, that they were to spend their time
+          in the pursuit of agriculture, botany, and
+          philosophy.[61]
+
+Was this wish expressed because Chantilly was not Maffitt's property
+but that of his stepchildren, because Maffitt was lonely without
+Harriotte, or because he wanted to give up teaching for farming?
+Somehow, from the guardianship accounts, it seems likely that Maffitt
+did not farm the Turberville acres, but rented out whatever he could,
+while he busied himself otherwise.
+
+Usually the _Alexandria Gazette_ carried announcements of the
+openings of new schools, but no announcement of Maffitt's school ever
+seems to have appeared. Because Maffitt performed the marriage of
+_Gazette_ publisher Samuel Snowden to Mary Longden on January 8,
+1802,[62] such an announcement might have been expected. Neither did
+the _Gazette_ report Maffitt's departure from the Alexandria area.
+
+Probably Maffitt was still living at Chantilly when he married for
+the second time between 1807 and 1811 before William Maffitt, Jr.,
+was born. His second wife was Ann Beale Carter Carter
+(1767-1852),[63] widow of Charles B. Carter. Ann, also known as
+Nancy, was the daughter of Robert Wormely Carter of Sabine Hall in
+Richmond County, and Winifred Beale.[64] William, Jr., the only child
+of this marriage, was born in November, 1811, and christened in the
+Presbyterian Meeting House in February 1812.[65]
+
+In August 1812, Maffitt was appointed a trustee of an academy to be
+established in Haymarket. Among those serving with him were Ludwell
+Lee of Belmont, Francis Lightfoot Lee, then living at Sully, and
+William Fitzhugh of Ravensworth.[66]
+
+Meanwhile, in 1809, James Madison, Secretary of State under Thomas
+Jefferson, had been elected President. On June 18, 1812, Madison
+signed a declaration of war against England. The causes of the war,
+sometimes called the Second War of Independence, were basically
+several aspects of nationalism. Some resentment against the British
+still smouldered, fanned by British contempt and condescension toward
+her former colonists. Because many English sailors deserted their
+ships to sail under American colors, British ships intercepted
+American vessels and "impressed" their seamen. Furthermore, many
+American politicians wanted to annex Canada.
+
+Neither the war nor the President was popular with the people, who
+thought the President weak and called the conflict "Mr. Madison's
+War." Attempted American invasion of Canada was a fiasco and by
+August 23, 1814, the British forces were so close to Washington that
+the clear and present danger of an actual invasion of the American
+capital seemed imminent.
+
+John Graham, Chief Clerk in the Department of State, and two other
+clerks, Stephen Pleasanton and Josiah King, packed the valuable
+public records of the State Department in coarse linen bags which
+Pleasanton had purchased earlier. These included the original
+Declaration of Independence, articles of confederation, federal
+constitution, treaties and laws and many other papers. Stephen
+Pleasanton found conveyances, loaded the bags into them and took them
+to a mill 3 miles beyond Georgetown, where they were concealed.
+Pleasanton spent the night of August 23, 1814, at Salona with the
+Rev. Mr. Maffitt. The next day, fearing that the mill might be too
+accessible to the British, who were fast approaching Washington,
+Pleasanton took the state papers to Leesburg for safety.[67]
+
+Dolley Madison, the President's popular wife, could hear in the
+President's House the sounds of cannon "from a skirmish at
+Bladensburg." The President had gone to meet Gen. William H. Winder,
+commander of the military district, and had left his wife
+instructions to "take care of my self, and of the cabinet paper,
+public and private."[68]
+
+Writing to her sister, Lucy Todd, Dolley cooly reported that her
+husband
+
+          desires that I should be ready at a moment's
+          warning to enter my carriage and leave the
+          city.... I am accordingly ready; I have
+          pressed as many cabinet papers into trunks
+          to fill one carriage; our private property
+          must be sacrificed, as it is impossible to
+          procure wagons for its transportation.[69]
+
+She continued the letter on Wednesday, August 24:
+
+          Two messengers, covered with dust, come to
+          bid me fly.... At this late hour, a wagon
+          has been procured; I have had it filled with
+          the plate and most valuable articles
+          belonging to the house....
+
+          Our kind friend, Mr. Carroll, has come to
+          hasten my departure, and is in a very mad
+          humor because I insist on waiting until the
+          large picture of Gen. Washington is secured,
+          and it requires to be unscrewed from the
+          wall. The process was found too tedious for
+          these perilous moments; I have ordered the
+          frame to be broken, and the canvas taken out;
+          it is done--and the precious portrait placed
+          in the hands of two gentlemen of New York,
+          for safekeeping.... When I shall again write
+          to you, or where I shall be tomorrow, I
+          cannot tell!![70]
+
+Apparently Dolley spent the night of August 24 in a tent in the
+American encampment at Tennallytown, and the next day crossed over
+into Virginia where she spent the night of August 25 with Matilda Lee
+Love at Rokeby. The roads were crowded with refugees and the exodus
+was slow. As the Loves had often been guests at the President's
+House, Dolley did not have to spend night with strangers. In her
+reminiscences, Matilda Love wrote:
+
+          In the following spring of 1814, it (the
+          war) came more home to us, as the British
+          got into our southern waters, and in August
+          came up to Washington and burnt all the
+          public buildings.... As I lived about ten
+          miles from Washington, Mrs. Madison and a
+          number of city people took refuge at my home
+          the night the British took Washington....
+
+
+They watched the flames of the burning capital from Rokeby that
+night.[71]
+
+Irving Brant, definitive biographer of Madison, writes of the
+departure of the Madisons from the capital:
+
+          The travels of President and Mrs. Madison
+          after the battle have long been involved in
+          obscurity and contradiction owing to the
+          meagerness of early records (Dolley's
+          letters about it were eaten by mice),
+          uncertain memories and the derogatory
+          stories circulated by political detractors.
+          The facts bear little resemblance to the
+          popular stories in which the Jones and
+          Carroll families are nonexistent, Dolley
+          wanders forlornly from house to house, while
+          Madison, split in person rather than
+          personality, simultaneously hides in a
+          miserable hovel in the Virginia woods and
+          flees in terror into the distant hills of
+          Maryland.
+
+          Actually, a clear record was left by
+          participants and observers. The original plan
+          was for Madison to join Secretary Jones and
+          their families at Bellevue and proceed by way
+          of the Little Falls bridge to Wiley's Tavern
+          on Difficult Run near the Great Falls. From
+          there the President and cabinet members would
+          cross the Potomac and join the army. Time
+          growing short, Madison changed the rendezvous
+          to Foxall's Foundry. With that route from the
+          White House clogged by the militia's flight,
+          he sent Tench Ringgold to the foundry with
+          word that he was crossing at Mason's Ferry
+          and would meet his wife and party at Salona,
+          the home of the Reverend John [sic] Maffitt,
+          three miles above the Little Falls
+          bridge....[72]
+
+          Madison, Rush and Mason rode to Wren's Tavern
+          at Falls Church. Monroe and Ringgold took the
+          Leesburg road, stopped briefly at Rokeby, the
+          home of Richard Henry Love, two miles above
+          Little Falls, and went on to Wiley's Tavern.
+          From Wren's Tavern the President went to the
+          Minor home and from there to Salona, where he
+          spent the night with the Maffitts. But Mrs.
+          Madison failed to come. She and her party had
+          stopped only a mile away at Rokeby, with her
+          young friend Matilda Lee Love, an occasional
+          overnight guest at the White House....
+
+          The next morning, Madison went back to Wren's
+          Tavern--looking for his wife, he told Colonel
+          George Graham, who gave him a guard of two
+          dragoons. Returning to Salona, the President
+          learned that Mrs. Madison and the Jones and
+          Carroll families had gone by on their way to
+          Wiley's Tavern. He and Rush followed along
+          the Old Dominion Road (Mason being detained
+          for a time) and took refuge from the
+          hurricane in a house at "The Crossroads" five
+          miles from the Little Falls bridge.[73]
+
+At midnight, the President went to the new Conn's Ferry above Great
+Falls, and at daybreak he crossed the river into Montgomery County,
+Maryland. Mrs. Madison stayed at Wiley's Tavern until the President
+sent her word that Washington was clear of the enemy.[74]
+
+A more romantic but apocryphal story of the Madison's flight from
+Washington was written in 1914 by a columnist known as "The Rambler"
+for the _Washington Star_.[75] In this version, Dolley crossed the
+Potomac on "the Causeway Ferry," then passed Nelson's mill, went on
+to Falls Church, and finally drove up "to Salona Hall, the home of
+Parson Maffitt, and was welcomed by Mrs. Maffitt." He further
+recounts that Mrs. Madison was refused shelter at two country places
+before she reached Salona, though this did not seem reasonable.[76]
+
+The oft-told story of Dolley Madison's having been refused sanctuary
+on her way to Salona by several households is not borne out by all
+published accounts. Apparently, the account which does have most
+corroboration is that regarding the day following the night she and
+her party stayed at Rokeby.
+
+Mrs. Madison went on the next morning, August 25, to meet her husband
+at a tavern near Great Falls, probably Wiley's on Difficult Run. This
+had been prearranged, and on arrival she went upstairs to wait for
+Mr. Madison. Shortly, the lady of the establishment called out to her
+in rage, saying, "Miss Madison! If that's you, come down and go out!
+Your husband has got mine out fighting, and d---- you, you shan't
+stay in my house; so get out!" Other refugees joined in the outburst,
+even those who had once been guests of the Madisons at the
+President's mansion, and agreed she should be expelled from all
+doors. Nearby, there was another tavern, and Mrs. Madison and her
+party gained admittance there to wait for her husband's arrival later
+that evening.[77]
+
+After the excitement of Madison's visit was over, Salona must have
+reverted to its normal calm. At last Maffitt had realized his dream
+of farming; the personal property tax records and inventory of his
+estate clearly define Salona as a working farm.
+
+But his fortunes declined, if we can judge by his personal property
+tax assessments. Maffitt was assessed for 18 horses and mules and 21
+black slaves in 1812; in 1814, when a very detailed account was
+rendered by the county, Maffitt was shown to have 19 slaves, 12
+horses and mules and a coache (4-wheeled carriage) valued at $450. In
+all of Fairfax County that year, only Thomas Fairfax, William
+Robinson and Bushrod Washington had coaches of higher value than his
+and their vehicles were evaluated at $500 each.
+
+By the year of his death, 1828, only 13 slaves and 3 horses were
+listed, and the total evaluation of his personal property was listed
+at $150. The inventory of William Maffitt's estate did show that he
+had 116 head of livestock on the place including horses, oxen, sheep,
+hogs and cattle. He was growing turnips, corn, rye, oats, hay and
+orchard grass. The long list of household furnishings included three
+desks and two bookcases of high evaluation, indicating there were
+books in them. (See appendix for full inventory.) The fortunes of his
+widow, Ann Carter Maffitt, declined further, until by 1835, she was
+dropped off the county's personal property tax rolls.[78]
+
+For many years, William Maffitt had continued to serve as guardian to
+his first wife's Turberville children. Although Cornelia Turberville
+continued to live with her aunt in Alexandria until her marriage in
+1817, her two brothers seem to have lived at Salona. In June 1815,
+Richard Turberville drowned in the Potomac while visiting his cousin
+Matilda Lee Love at nearby Rokeby.[79] Maffitt's accounts for June
+23, 1815, report the expenditure of $37.50 for Richard's coffin. He
+may have been buried in the graveyard on the Salona property.[80]
+
+The other brother, George Turberville, at some time in childhood
+became a deaf mute as the result of typhoid fever. Maffitt's accounts
+do not reveal the date of the onset of this affliction, but they do
+show that in April 1818 George entered "The Asylum" in Hartford,
+Connecticut. At that time, Maffitt advanced George $100 for board and
+tuition and $100 for travel.[81] George still returned to Salona for
+vacations, because in July 1819, Harriotte Maffitt wrote to him:
+
+          It is now my time to write to you my Dear
+          Brother. We are glad the time is so near
+          when we expect you. When you come home we
+          will go to George Town to meet you. Dr. Muir
+          has been here and he preached here. Aunt
+          Whann and Aunt Sally Maffitt have been here.
+          Uncle Whann has gone to travel. I hope you
+          will be well acquainted with the History of
+          the Bible and particularly the life and
+          miracles of our Blessed Saviour. We have not
+          heard from Chantilly for some time, I hope
+          we will go up soon. Cousin Sally Lee is
+          there. We expect Aunt Edmund Lee will come
+          here very soon. Sister Cornelia expects Mrs.
+          Mary Tollaver, your Cousin up to see her
+          this summer. Do you know Mr. Harrison of
+          Alexandria? He is coming here to preach for
+          us in August. Do you love me? I pray to God
+          to bless and preserve you. Old Mrs. Randle
+          is very well we went to see her yesterday.
+          When you come home you must go to see her
+          with us. I saw Miss Betty Jones last
+          Sabbathe. She asked me when I had heard from
+          you answer my letter very soon if you
+          please. Tell me how the deaf and dumb are
+          and if they improve. You must love and obey
+          your teachers. Papa Mama and all the girls
+          send their affectionate love to you.
+
+               I am your affectionate sister.
+
+                       Harriotte Maffitt.[82]
+
+
+          P.S.
+          All the Boys send their
+          respects to you.
+
+Another letter, this one from William C. Woodbridge to the Reverend
+William Maffitt from "Asylum," was dated February 21, 1820, and
+referred to a fight between George Turberville and another student.
+Woodbridge wrote:
+
+          It seems he was ridiculed & resented it &
+          was then challenged. He says he was wounded
+          in the knee & his antagonist the same. We
+          learned it from his boasting of it to our
+          pupils. He now expresses entire
+          disapprobation. He made the question to you
+          by my request.
+
+Woodbridge refers to George's independence and pride which must be
+checked. Obviously, this letter was one of many exchanged between
+Woodbridge and Maffitt regarding George's progress[83] and is
+evidence that George wrote home to his stepfather as well as to his
+sisters.
+
+Although William Maffitt died before the Lewinsville Presbyterian
+Church was founded, church historians claim him as a founding father,
+saying that he was appointed by the Washington Presbytery to preach
+and set up a mission near Langley.[84] Harriotte's letter may lend
+credence to this, although there is no report of such an assignment
+in the Minutes which list Maffitt only as "without charge" after
+1800.[85]
+
+One reason for this belief may have arisen because of a bequest in
+the will of Elizabeth Lee Jones, the "Miss Betty Jones" of
+Harriotte's letter. Daughter of Lettice Corbin Turberville and
+Catesby Jones of Westmoreland County, Miss Betty lived at "Sharon" on
+part of the George Turberville grant. Her will, dated April 16, 1822,
+left four acres of her property "as a site for a church and
+churchyard ... dedicated to the uses and purposes of divine worship
+in such manner and subject to such rules as shall ... be prescribed
+by the Rev'd William Maffitt" and eight other ministers: -- Carnahan,
+Wells Andrews, William Hill, John Mathews, J. B. Hoge, William C.
+Walton, M. Baker, and Samuel D. Hoge, all representatives of the
+Presbyterian Church. William Maffitt was a witness to this will.
+Apparently, this was Maffitt's primary connection with the
+establishment of the Presbyterian Church at Lewinsville.[86]
+
+
+ Chapter II Notes
+
+ Salona and the Maffitts
+
+ [18] Handwritten family tree, source unknown, in possession of Henry
+Mackall, Fairfax, Virginia; interviews with Peter Maffitt, direct
+descendant of William Maffitt, by the author.
+
+ [19] John H. Johns, _History of the Rock Presbyterian Church of Cecil
+County, Md._ (Oxford, Pa.: Oxford Press, 1872) p. 20; interviews with
+Peter Maffitt by the author.
+
+ [20] Princeton University, _General Catalogue, 1767-1845_. Peter
+Maffitt also investigated and reported that William had not attended
+the university. Founded in 1746 as the College of New Jersey,
+Princeton did not have a theological school, as such, until 1812.
+Because a persistent legend links Maffitt with South Carolina, the
+author checked his possible attendance at the College of Charleston,
+S.C. Surviving enrollment records beginning in 1790 (the college was
+founded in 1770) show no William Maffitt. Both the College of William
+and Mary and the University of Delaware reported no William Maffitt
+listed in any surviving records.
+
+ [21] An unsigned note from the Presbyterian Historical Society, 425
+Lombard St., Philadelphia, Pa., to the author, dated December 30,
+1976, states:
+
+          A check of the Presbytery of New Castle
+          Minutes for the dates you cited, revealed
+          mention of Maffitt's name but presented no
+          biographical data. The 7 April 1795 minute
+          referred only to his transfer from New
+          Castle to Baltimore Presbytery and that he
+          would reside in Alexandria.
+
+ [22] Letter from the University of Delaware to the author, April 4,
+1977. Working papers, Virginia Room, Fairfax County Central Library.
+
+ [23] Note to the author from the Presbyterian Historical Society,
+December 30, 1976.
+
+ [24] Board of Trustees, Alexandria Academy, Minutes, April, 1795.
+
+ [25] Letter dated February 26, 1798, from George Washington to Dr.
+David Stuart. George Washington, _The Writings of George Washington,
+1749-1799_, John C. Fitzpatrick, ed. (Washington, D.C.: United States
+Government Printing Office, 1941), Vol. 36, p. 170.
+
+ [26] Mary G. Powell, _History of Old Alexandria, Va._ (Richmond, Va.:
+William Byrd Press, 1928), p. 155. According to A. J. Morrison in
+_The Beginnings of Public Education in Virginia, 1776-1860_
+(Richmond, Va.: Virginia State Board of Education, 1917), while the
+Alexandria Academy was incorporated in 1786 with George Washington as
+one of the trustees, the school seemingly predated its incorporation.
+
+ [27] _Alexandria Gazette_, November 4, 1801.
+
+ [28] Board of Trustees, Alexandria Academy, Minutes, March, 1804.
+
+ [29] This is evident only through announcements in the _Alexandria
+Gazette_, and not in lodge records, although Maffitt's likeness, a
+Raphael Peale physiognotrace, is displayed in the Lodge 22
+headquarters now located in the George Washington Masonic Memorial in
+Alexandria and is reproduced in this monograph. Lodge records list
+Maffitt in 1804 as chaplain, but no other records show even the dates
+of his initiation or transfer affiliation. F. L. Brockett, _The Lodge
+of Washington_ (Alexandria, Va.: George E. French, c. 1875) wrote
+profiles of 34 members of the lodge as of 1814, but these do not
+include Maffitt. However, Brockett reported that in 1799 Maffitt's
+charity sermon brought in a collection of $74.52, and his sermon of
+1805, $91.67. "Charity sermons were preached on St. John's Day,
+December 27, and the collection was used to assist the poor."
+
+ [30] _Alexandria Gazette_, December 24, 1799.
+
+ [31] The Reverend Thomas Davis, Rector of Christ Church, Alexandria,
+preached the funeral sermon at Mount Vernon. The Reverend James Muir,
+pastor of the Presbyterian Church of Alexandria, and Dr. Addison, an
+Episcopal clergyman from Maryland, also attended the service. Charles
+W. Stetson, _Washington and His Neighbors_ (Richmond, Va.: Garrett &
+Massie, Inc., 1956), p. 298, quoting Tobias Lear.
+
+ [32] Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, Minutes of
+the General Assembly, 1798, p. 141. The preceding year, Maffitt was
+listed simply as "licentiate."
+
+ [33] Ibid., Minutes, 1800, p. 192. This year, and in succeeding
+years, Maffitt is listed as "without charge." He did, however, carry
+out various pastoral duties. In 1802, at the ordination of James
+Inglis in the Presbyterian Meeting House, Maffitt "concluded the
+services, after having exhorted the newly ordained pastor and the
+people of his charge, in a short but impressive address," according
+to the _Alexandria Gazette_ of April 30, 1802.
+
+In May, 1808, Maffitt was a commissioner to the general assembly of
+the Presbyterian Church at its meeting in Baltimore, along with
+Reverend James Inglis. He was late in arriving and "took his seat the
+4th day of the sessions." The minutes of May 23 (p. 399) report that
+
+          The Reverend William Maffitt, of the
+          Presbytery of Baltimore, appeared in the
+          Assembly and stated that he had neglected to
+          bring his commission. Two commissioners from
+          the same Presbytery certified that Mr.
+          Maffitt had been appointed by the Presbytery
+          as commissioner to this Assembly. On motion:
+          _Resolved_, that Mr. Maffitt be received as
+          a member. And he accordingly took his seat.
+
+
+ [34] Letter to the author from Ruth B. Lee, librarian of the
+Historical Foundation of the Presbyterian and Reformed Church,
+Montreat, N.C., dated March 29, 1977:
+
+          As you will see the first reference to Mr.
+          Maffitt is as a licentiate in Baltimore
+          Presbytery. His only pastorate seems to have
+          been in Bladensburg (later Hyattsville), and
+          after this he is listed as being without
+          charge. This means that he was not an active
+          pastor in a church. He seems to have
+          remained in Baltimore Presbytery, though of
+          course he may have served outside the
+          Presbytery at some time and still remained a
+          member of that Presbytery. I question
+          whether he was actually ordained by
+          Newcastle Presbytery, since the ordination
+          usually took place when a man was installed
+          as the pastor of a church. The licentiate is
+          the candidate for the ministry who is
+          licensed to preach but is not yet ordained.
+
+
+Minutes for 1809 (p. 238) and 1814 (p. 184) show Maffitt "without
+charge." Minutes for 1824 list him in the Presbytery of the District
+of Columbia as "near Georgetown, D.C." again without charge. The
+present offices of the Presbytery of the District of Columbia have
+his death date as his only record in their files.
+
+ [35] _Alexandria Gazette_, January 30, 1800.
+
+ [36] Ibid.
+
+ [37] Ibid., February 10, 1800.
+
+ [38] Ibid., February 21, 1803.
+
+ [39] Alexandria Library Company, Minutes, 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804.
+
+ [40] _Alexandria Gazette_, May 7, 1803. Although this marriage was
+performed by the pastor of the Presbyterian Meeting house, it did not
+take place in the church and is not listed in the church records.
+
+ [41] Lee, _Chronicle_, p. 183.
+
+ [42] Ibid., pp. 182-3.
+
+ [43] Ibid., pp. 183, 273. Here is one of the sources of confusion, as
+Lee states on page 183 that Henrietta was "married secondly to the
+Rev. William Maffit (sic) of South Carolina."
+
+ [44] Ibid., p. 183.
+
+ [45] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book H, p. 55.
+
+ [46] Ibid., I, p. 413.
+
+ [47] Old Presbyterian Meeting House, Alexandria, Baptismal Records.
+
+ [48] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book J, p. 338.
+
+ [49] Ibid.
+
+ [50] Fairfax County Personal Property Tax Records, 1805.
+
+ [51] Fairfax County Census, 1810, #284.
+
+ [52] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Books J, pp. 241, 338; K, p. 143;
+L, p. 294.
+
+ [53] Ibid., L, pp. 294, 302-3.
+
+ [54] Harrison, _Landmarks_; Lee, _Chronicle_.
+
+ [55] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book L, pp. 294, 298.
+
+ [56] Ibid., p. 304.
+
+ [57] Ibid., p. 305.
+
+ [58] Gamble, _Sully_, p. 50.
+
+ [59] Lee, _Lee of Virginia_, p. 468.
+
+ [60] McGroarty, _Presbyterian Meeting House_, p. 54, footnote.
+
+ [61] Letter from Ann Calvert (Stuart) Robinson to Elizabeth Collins
+Lee, October 19, 1806. Lee Family Papers, Section II, Richard Bland
+Lee, Virginia Historical Society.
+
+ [62] _Alexandria Gazette_, January 8, 1802.
+
+ [63] Unsigned, undated note (1977) from Sabine Hall to the author
+states that these dates are in a family Bible at the hall. No
+marriage dates were sent, although they had been requested.
+
+ [64] Robert Carter Randolph, _The Carter Tree_ (Richmond, Va.: By the
+author, 1951), omits any mention of offspring of Ann's first marriage
+but does list William Maffitt, II, as the only child of her second
+marriage. However, the American Genealogical Research Institute,
+History of the Carter Family_ (Washington, D.C.: 1972) states that
+four children were born to Charles and Nancy Carter: John Hill who
+never married; Susan, who married the Rev. Thomas Balch, pastor of
+the New York Avenue Presbyterian Church; Mary Walker, who married
+Commodore Thomas ap Catesby Jones; and Elizabeth, who married Alfred
+Carter. Apparently the Carter children, the young Turberville boys,
+and the Maffitts all lived together as one family after the
+Maffitt-Carter marriage.
+
+Charles B. Carter was a cousin of Ann's, who owned "Richmond Hill" in
+Richmond County and "Mount Atlas" in Prince William. His grave is at
+Mount Atlas and the tombstone bears the dates 1766-1807.
+
+
+ [65] Young William grew up at Salona, received his M.D. from
+Columbian College, (later part of George Washington University),
+served in the Army Medical Corps, went to St. Louis, Missouri, in
+1841, married Julie Chouteau, descendant of a founder of St. Louis,
+in 1843, and died there in 1864. It is interesting to note that of
+the seven members of his college class, he is the only one for whom
+the college does not have a full record.
+
+ [66] _Alexandria Gazette_, August 18, 1812.
+
+ [67] Allan C. Clark, _Life and Letters of Dolly Madison_, letter from
+Dolley Madison to her sister Lucy Todd, August 23, 1814.
+
+ [68] Ethel Stephens Arnett, _Mrs. James Madison: The Incomparable
+Dolley_ (Greensboro, N.C., Piedmont Press, 1972), p. 238, 243;
+Dorothy Payne Todd Madison, _Memoirs and Letters of Dolly Madison_
+(Boston: Houghton Mifflin, c. 1886), p. 108.
+
+ [69] Clark, _Letters_, Madison to Todd, August 23, 1814.
+
+ [70] Ibid., August 24, 1814. The portrait was started by Gilbert
+Stuart and completed by an artist named Winstanley. A footnote on p.
+184 quoted from Laura Carter Holloway Langford, _Ladies of the White
+House_ states:
+
+          Half a century later, when the White House
+          was undergoing a renovation, this portrait
+          was sent, with many others subsequently
+          added to this solitary collection, to be
+          cleaned and the frame burnished. The artist
+          found on examination that the canvas had
+          never been cut, since the rusted tacks,
+          time-worn frame, and the size compared with
+          the original picture, was the most
+          conclusive evidence that Mrs. Madison did
+          not cut it out with a carving knife, as many
+          traditions have industrially circulated.
+
+Matilda Lee Love was the daughter of Ludwell Lee of Belmont in
+Loudoun County, granddaughter of Richard Henry Lee, and niece of
+Harriotte Lee Turberville Maffitt. Her mother was Flora, sister of
+Matilda Lee.
+
+According to Mrs. Love's memoirs in the _Lee Chronicle_:
+
+          Mr. Madison was a relation of my stepmother,
+          Mrs. Lee, and was always very civil to us,
+          and we dined and stayed at the President's
+          several times. My father never would go
+          there, as he opposed the Madisons to the day
+          of his death ... I inherited from my mother,
+          who was very wealthy, a farm near the little
+          Falls of the Potomac, where we were to
+          reside, and which I named Rokeby, after
+          Scott's poem of that name, as Matilda was
+          the heiress of Rokeby.
+
+ [71] Arnett, _Mrs. James Madison_, pp. 243-46; Lee, _Chronicle_, p.
+291.
+
+ [72] Irving Brant, _James Madison: Commander in Chief, 1812-1836_,
+pp. 306-8. Brant's error regarding Maffitt's first name has been
+picked up by Walter Lord, _Dawn's Early Light_, p. 171: "James
+Madison ... and the rest of the presidential party rode to Salona,
+the home of the Reverend John Maffitt where Madison now expected to
+meet his wife," and by Alan Lloyd, _The Scorching of Washington_, p.
+170: "Madison crossed the Potomac by ferry-boat, trekking into the
+adjacent hills toward the emergency rendezvous he had fixed with
+Carroll: Salona, the home of an ecclesiastical friend named John
+Maffitt."
+
+When Alexandria historian Jean Elliot called Brant's attention to his
+error in Maffitt's first name, Brant replied to her on July 12, 1973:
+
+          My research cards are all in the Library of
+          Congress, so I have no way of knowing
+          whether I was misled by some earlier writing
+          or went wrong on my own, but the matter of
+          accuracy can be settled by the law of
+          probability. There is no chance whatever
+          that two preachers named John and William
+          Maffitt co-existed in the same little
+          community, at precisely the same time, with
+          abundant evidence of William's existence and
+          none of John's, in the records you cite.
+
+
+ [73] Old Dominion Road (Drive) did not exist until the old trolley
+tracks were removed in the 20th century. In a letter to Mrs.
+Elizabeth Payne, Chairman of the Committee for the Marie Butler Leven
+Preserve, Brant wrote on March 9, 1972: "I am not certain about the
+road from Falls Church to Salona, whether it branched off from Kirby
+Road at the site of the Nelson-Patterson Mill."
+
+ [74] Brant, _James Madison_, pp. 307-9.
+
+ [75] "The Rambler," _Sunday Star_, August 2, 1914.
+
+ [76] Ibid.
+
+ [77] Lee, _Chronicle_, p. 291; Arnett, _Mrs. James Madison_, pp.
+245-6.
+
+ [78] Fairfax County, Virginia, Personal Property Tax Books,
+1812-1843. Microfilm, Virginia State Library, Archives Division.
+
+ [79] Lee, _Chronicle_, Matilda Lee Love, p. 292.
+
+ [80] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book I, p. 294. The graveyard no
+longer exists.
+
+ [81] Ibid.
+
+ [82] Letter from Harriotte Maffitt to George Turberville, July 13,
+1819. Copy provided by Henry and Douglass Mackall from original in
+possession of George Turberville of Manassas.
+
+ [83] Letter from William C. Woodbridge (director of The Asylum) to
+the Reverend William Maffitt, September 21, 1820. Copy provided by
+Henry and Douglass Mackall from original in possession of George
+Turberville of Manassas.
+
+ [84] Franklin B. Gillespie, _A Brief History of the Lewinsville
+Presbyterian Church_, no date.
+
+ [85] Presbyterian Church in the United States, Minutes.
+
+ [86] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book N-1, p. 49; Fairfax County,
+Virginia, Deed Book V-2, p. 85. Trudie Sundberg and John Gott point
+out in the 1971 _Yearbook_ of the Historical Society of Fairfax
+County, Vol. 11, p. 5, that the church never received Miss Jones'
+four acres. Instead the property reverted to the estate of her
+mother, Lettice Turberville Jones, and was sold at auction with the
+rest of Lettice Jones' estate to pay off the creditors of Troilus
+Lewin Turberville, her brother. The present Lewinsville Presbyterian
+Church stands on acreage given by the heirs of Dr. Mottrom Ball, who
+had married Martha Turberville, sister of Troilus and Lettice.
+
+
+
+
+ III
+
+ SALONA FOR SALE
+
+
+After William Maffitt's death, his widow must have found life
+difficult. She had to keep up the farm, care for the slaves, and
+support her children and stepchildren. There was an outstanding debt
+on Salona owed to her sister-in-law in Georgetown. William Maffitt
+had mortgaged the property with Margaret Whann for $6,000 in 1823,
+and had paid back almost half of the amount due prior to his
+death.[87]
+
+Ann Maffitt's state of mind was clearly revealed in a letter written
+by her on July 22, 1828, to Col. George W. Hunter urging him to
+reconsider his refusal to become administrator of her husband's
+estate. She pleaded with him: "... I shall send my dear fatherless
+(and I might almost add) friendless Son to you this morning who will
+say everything he can to beg you not to desert us in our great time
+of need...."[88]
+
+[Illustration: _Dr. William Maffitt, Jr., Major, U. S. Army. Born
+November 14, 1811, in Virginia. Died October 7, 1864, St. Louis,
+Missouri. He was Reverend William Maffitt's only son._]
+
+Apparently her appeal fell on deaf ears, for the court records show
+that Robert C. Jackson was administrator. Margaret Whann brought a
+chancery suit against the heirs of Maffitt in 1831 and bought Salona
+at auction through her agent, Joseph McVean, for $2,650, only partial
+repayment of the $3,716.54 still due her. Meanwhile, slaves and
+personal property were sold, and small debts repaid. George W.
+Hunter, the lawyer who had refused to serve as administrator, came to
+a sale on May 20, 1829. John Hill Carter (Ann's son by her first
+marriage), E. L. Carter (probably her youngest daughter, Elizabeth),
+Thomas B. Balch (husband of her daughter Susan), Commodore Thomas ap
+Catesby Jones (a close neighbor), and George L. Turberville
+(Harriotte's son by her first marriage) all bought some of the slaves
+and personal property. When the property evaluation was made, the
+estate was worth $1,822.87-1/2. The inventory of Maffitt's personal
+property, exclusive of his slaves, was $1,588.89-1/2. No total was
+given for the value of the slaves. The court-appointed appraisers
+were Nicholas Paine, William Swink, and Joseph Sewell. Although they
+prepared their inventory in 1828, it was not reviewed and accepted by
+the court until March, 1832.[89]
+
+Margaret Maffitt had been born in Cecil County, Maryland, on April 7,
+1780. According to Sarah Somervell Mackall, Margaret went to
+Georgetown to visit her eldest sister Jane, wife of William Whann.
+While there, Margaret met William's brother, David Whann, and they
+were married on November 16, 1807. Until 1804, David had been a
+purser in the U. S. Navy on the _Essex_. Later he became a paymaster
+and traveled widely abroad. A captain in the D.C. Militia, he died of
+sunstroke in May, 1813, while reviewing his men on the parade ground.
+His widow "never received any compensation from the government" and
+was left with two small children, a son and a daughter.[90]
+
+Apparently Margaret permitted Ann Maffitt to remain at Salona until
+1835 at least and possibly until 1842 when the property was sold to
+Chapman Lee. In any case, Ann Maffitt and the three Maffitt children
+did not sign a quitclaim to the property until 1835.[91] Margaret
+Whann probably hired a tenant to maintain Salona as a working farm.
+There are no indications that Mrs. Whann ever lived at Salona; the
+deed to Lee refers to her as being "of Georgetown in the District of
+Columbia."
+
+Chapman Lee, who was living in Alexandria at the time of the sale,
+bought the property in 1842.[92] He held the property for three
+years, then divided it and sold 208 acres to Elisha Sherman "late of
+Fairfield County, Connecticut."[93] The balance was conveyed to James
+McVean and Samuel M. Whann. Eight years later, Elisha Sherman and
+Anna, his wife, late of Fairfax County and "now of Washington County,
+D.C.," sold to Jacob G. Smoot of Georgetown the tract "heretofore
+called Langley but now called Salona"--208 acres.[94]
+
+[Illustration: _The Maffitt grave is located in the Lewinsville
+Presbyterian Church cemetery, McLean. Photo by the author, 1975._]
+
+
+ Chapter III Notes
+
+ Salona for Sale
+
+ [87] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Books V-2, page 85; Z-2, page
+403.
+
+ [88] Letter from Ann B. Maffitt, dated July 22, 1828, to Col. George
+W. Hunter. Copy in _Salona_ working papers, Virginia Room, Fairfax
+County public library. Manuscripts Division, Alderman Library,
+University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia. Col. Hunter later
+served as administrator of the estate of Francis Lightfoot Lee of
+Sully.
+
+ [89] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Books Q-1, page 271; V-2, page
+85; Z-2, page 403. See appendix for inventories.
+
+[90] Handwritten family tree, source unknown, in possession of Henry
+Mackall; Sarah Somervell Mackall, _Early Days of Washington_
+(Washington, D.C.: by the author, 1899).
+
+ [91] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book C-3, page 314.
+
+ [92] Ibid., G-3, page 378.
+
+ [93] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book J-3, page 262.
+
+ [94] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book T-3, page 186.
+
+
+
+
+ IV
+
+ SALONA AND THE SMOOTS
+
+
+William Smute, originally of Dutch ancestry, came to Virginia from
+Scotland in 1633 and received a grant for 400 acres of land in 1642.
+He removed to Maryland in 1646 and thereafter, the Smoot (Smout)
+family activities as reported in local records showed periodic
+involvement with public affairs of county, colony and nation.[95]
+
+In a recent history of St. Mary's County, Maryland, William Barton
+Smoot was listed as captain of the Lower Battalion of the county's
+militia during the American Revolution[96] and a William Smoot was
+recorded as a recruit for service in the War of 1812 by James Jarboe
+of Great Mills.[97] Mentions were made throughout the eighteenth and
+nineteenth centuries of Smoot activities having to do with railroads,
+roads and schools.[98] The Smoot family also appears in the public
+records of Charles County, Maryland. Some family members migrated to
+Kentucky, others to Washington, D.C.[99]
+
+Although Jacob Gilliam Smoot of Georgetown, D.C., purchased 208 acres
+of property--Salona--in 1853, he also held property on High Street
+(now Wisconsin Avenue) in Georgetown from which he probably obtained
+income. His family spent winters in Georgetown. Smoot had attended
+Charlotte Hall Academy in Maryland and his son William was a
+graduate, in law, from Georgetown.[100] The Salona property was of a
+size and assessed valuation consistently greater than over half of
+the properties assessed in Fairfax County at the time. Smoot's
+personal property including several slaves, was also well above
+average in quantity and evaluation.[101]
+
+Sometime following Smoot's purchase of Salona, he bought two prize
+hunting dogs for a total of $5,000. The dogs later died from rabies.
+Smoot was interested in establishing a good herd of cattle so he
+purchased expensive registered Aberdeen Angus cattle prior to the
+Civil War. During the war, the cattle were appropriated and eaten by
+Union troops.[102] There were 50 cattle listed in the tax assessment
+in 1857, but the herd had dropped to 12 by 1860. In that year, Smoot
+was also assessed for 20 sheep and hogs. Gold, plate, silver,
+jewelry, kitchen and house furnishings were evaluated at $500, far
+above the average that year in Fairfax County.[103] The Smoots were a
+relatively well-to-do family.
+
+[Illustration: _The caption under this photograph reads: "The Battle
+Hymn of the Republic--'A Hundred Circling Camps.' The Fifth Vermont
+in 1861, with their Colonel L. A. Grant." From _The Photographic
+History of the Civil War In Ten Volumes_, pp. 154-155. The rock
+formation in the lower right hand corner can still be seen on Kurtz
+Road near Salona._]
+
+[Illustration: _The McDowell map of northeastern Virginia, 1862,
+showing the section including Fort Marcy, Langley, Lewinsville and
+the Smoot's "Salona" property._]
+
+From October, 1861, to April, 1862, according to a strong Smoot
+family tradition, Salona was used as the headquarters of the Army of
+the Potomac. Camp Griffin, in fact, was an installation partly on
+Salona and partly on adjoining farms and was part of the outer
+defenses of Washington. General George McClellan's dispatches,
+however, never used either Salona or Smoot's Hill as a source,
+although he did use datelines of Fairfax Court House and Camp
+Griffin. Military historians generally agree that McClellan was
+living in Washington, D.C., at the time, and, therefore, as
+commanding general, his residence would have been considered the
+headquarters.[104]
+
+It is certain that troops were camped there and that there was
+skirmishing in the immediate vicinity of Salona. The following
+incident was recorded by E. M. Woodward, adjutant in the Second
+Pennsylvania Reserves:
+
+          Early on the morning of the 9th (October
+          1861) General Smith advanced his division
+          from the neighborhood of Chain Bridge to
+          Langley where deploying his skirmishers, he
+          pushed forward a brigade on the Dranesville
+          Pike, and took possession of Prospect Hill.
+          With his main body he diverged from the pike
+          at Langley to the left, advancing toward
+          Lewinsville, which village he entered and
+          occupied without opposition, leaving the
+          main portion of his troops at Smoot's Hill
+          and pushing on a detachment to occupy
+          Miner's Hill....
+
+          During the first ten days, the "long roll"
+          was beaten and the men got under arms five
+          times. On the night of the 11th the pickets
+          in the neighborhood of Lewinsville were
+          driven in and the next day the enemy
+          consisting of at least three regiments of
+          infantry, some cavalry and a battery of six
+          guns were discovered near Miner's Hill,
+          concealed in the woods, which led to the
+          supposition that an attack was meditated the
+          next morning. At noon the drums beat and the
+          men got into fighting order. General
+          McClellan and staff including the Comte de
+          Paris and the Duc de Chartres rode over and
+          remained during the night at Smoot's House,
+          and at midnight the drums beat again and
+          every preparation was made for an attack.
+
+          It was a clear and beautiful night, the moon
+          shone forth in its mild beauty, the stars
+          twinkled with resplendant glory and not a
+          cloud glided through the sky. The drums beat
+          the long roll, the trumpets of cavalry and
+          artillery sounded their shrill blasts and the
+          bands of the infantry pealed forth their most
+          soul-stirring strains. The camp-fires burned
+          brightly, the glittering bayonets and sabres
+          flashed in the light and every heart beat
+          high with hope.... But alas, after remaining
+          in position until daybreak, chilled with
+          falling dews, the boys were doomed to
+          disappointment. Beauregard had only been in a
+          reconnaissance in force, to ascertain our
+          position since the recent extension of our
+          front.[105]
+
+When the federal troops moved out of the encampment in March, 1862,
+Captain W. A. Hawley and Lt. Col. W. B. Hazmand of the 102^d New York
+Volunteer Battalion signed the following memorandum giving all army
+materials left behind to Jacob Smoot:[106]
+
+[Illustration: _Original memorandum in the possession of Clive and
+Susan DuVal, Salona._]
+
+The Smoots spent most of the war in Georgetown, returning at the end
+in time to save some furniture and the main part of the house from
+being burned. Both wings of the house, the garden and many fine trees
+had been destroyed in their absence. They had filed petitions during
+the war asking the federal government for compensation for their
+losses. When federal troops had occupied Salona, Smoot had taken
+eight slaves to Georgetown where his brother John was in the drygoods
+business. During the investigation of his reparations claim it was
+discovered that J. G. Smoot had signed the Ordinance of Secession in
+the Lewinsville Precinct in Fairfax County on May 23, 1861. This act
+disqualified him from receiving compensation.[107]
+
+Following the war, the Smoots set about the arduous task of restoring
+their farm to its former prosperity. By 1868, the aggregate value of
+personal property at Salona was $1,085, and in that year, only one in
+15 taxpayers in the county had a personal property tax evaluation of
+over $1,000. A rosewood piano made its appearance, followed the next
+year by the addition of a "pleasure carriage" and a watch.[108] In
+1870, books and pictures owned by Smoot were valued at $25.00--the
+vast majority of taxpayers had none assessed at all. By 1881, there
+were four conveyances, 10 horses, 10 cattle, 15 sheep, books valued
+at $50.00, two watches and two clocks. One of the clocks was probably
+the chiming grandfather's clock made in Newburyport, Massachusetts,
+which was built about 1817 and is still in the family.[109] A sewing
+machine was also listed. It is interesting to note that by 1881, at
+least half of the households in Fairfax County had such a
+machine.[110]
+
+Salona was a working farm with a large barn, smokehouse, ice pond,
+and cabinetshop. Hogs, sheep, cattle and fowl were raised as well as
+wheat and corn. The old stone house, thought by the family to have
+been the oldest structure on the place, was surrounded by a peach
+orchard. The Smoots grew scuppernong grapes, plums and apricots.
+Italian grape vines adorned the arbor between the house and the brick
+privy. Descendants say that the farm had a consistently high yield
+per acre of corn and wheat, and that this information was faithfully
+recorded in account books which were destroyed when the attic was
+cleaned out or taken by vandals and lost.[111] But records in
+gazetteers listed J. G. and William Smoot as principal farmers in the
+Langley area for a period of more than 20 years.[112]
+
+[Illustration: _Smoot family photographs, late 1800s._]
+
+[Illustration: _This mahogany Sheraton writing cabinet was obtained
+from England by the Kurtz importing firm in Georgetown, and was used
+for many years by the Smoots at Salona._]
+
+[Illustration: _These wine glass coolers are of deep blue glass with
+lips on opposite sides. They were used to rinse wine glasses between
+courses as different wines were served at Salona._]
+
+[Illustration: _An unsigned charcoal portrait of Jacob Gilliam Smoot
+of Salona._]
+
+[Illustration: _The marble-topped washstand and the blue and gold
+Haviland china were used by the Smoots at Salona._]
+
+[Illustration: _Side chair with original horsehair seat._]
+
+[Illustration: _These coin silver spoons, marked "M. W. Galt & Bro."
+on the back, were hidden by Helen Calder Smoot, Jacob's wife, who,
+according to family tradition, tied them around her waist beneath her
+petticoat during the Civil War._]
+
+_All photographs by
+Gene Lebherz._
+
+
+[Illustration: _Map from G. M. Hopkins_, Atlas of Fifteen Miles
+Around Washington, _1879._]
+
+[Illustration: _Salona farm, about 1900._]
+
+[Illustration: _Salona farm, about 1890._]
+
+Like William Maffitt, Jacob Smoot died intestate, in 1875. He was
+survived by his widow Harriet and their four children, William S.,
+Helen M., Harriet E., and Catherine C. After his widow died, each of
+the children received one-fourth of the estate. Even before Jacob's
+death, William Smoot, Sr., had taken over management of the farm
+while his unmarried sisters kept house. Each of the sisters took one
+of William's sons to raise. Jennie, William's wife, according to the
+Smoot descendants, acted as hostess, greeting visitors and
+entertaining them. Their son John moved to Georgetown; William Jr.,
+went to Waterford to be the miller there; Gilliam stayed with his
+parents and gradually took over the farm operations. Life at Salona
+went on as usual, with no question of selling the farm or dividing
+its acreage.
+
+William S. Smoot, Sr., died in 1900 leaving his share of Salona by
+will to his widow, Jennie K. Smoot. When she in turn died intestate,
+their three children, John D. K., Calder Gilliam, and William S.,
+Jr., shared her portion of the estate. Jacob's three daughters never
+married, so their portions descended to their three nephews,
+William's sons, John, Calder Gilliam (known by the family as
+Gilliam), and William, Jr.
+
+Both John and William died intestate. John's share of Salona was
+divided among his widow, Julia B., and their children, Jane Smoot
+Wilson, John D. K. Smoot, Jr., and Henry B. Smoot. William's share
+went to his widow, Elizabeth, and their two sons, William S., III,
+and John J.[113]
+
+[Illustration: _"Salona," from an unpublished picture taken by "The
+Rambler," about 1914. See_ Sunday Star_, "The Rambler," August 2,
+1914._]
+
+In 1914, The Rambler, a Washington Star columnist, visited Salona,
+talked with the Smoots, and wrote a charming word picture of the
+exterior of the house:
+
+          You draw up in front of the garden which
+          surrounds the house. A white-washed fence
+          four boards high, incloses the garden.
+          Inside are old cedars thick through the
+          trunk and solemn in foliage. There are
+          clumps of rose bushes and borders of
+          jonquils. Stumps of trees that have been
+          wrecked by wind or lightning support
+          bark-bound flower boxes. A driveway curves
+          to the left and a gravel path leads straight
+          to the front porch before which the box
+          trees are growing. The porch is capacious
+          with a balcony on top. Under the porch and
+          in the middle of the house is an arched
+          doorway. On the left of the garden around
+          the house is an apple orchard and on the
+          right is a flourishing grape arbor. This is
+          Salona. It is a fine, quiet and dignified
+          old place.[114]
+
+Some years later, in 1932, for the first time in history (as far as
+it is known) Salona was open to view by the general public. It was
+one of the occasions in local observance of the George Washington
+Bicentennial Birthday Anniversary. Mrs. John Kurtz Smoot was the
+official hostess and she and her house tour guides were dressed in
+floor-length period costumes.[115]
+
+World War II brought the end of the estate as a family farm. Gilliam
+was growing older and was suffering from arthritis; help was almost
+impossible to find. Unable to carry on with farming, Gilliam rented
+the land to the Carper family as pasture and moved from the mansion
+into a smaller house nearby. A family of Negro caretakers moved into
+Salona for a time. After the Carper lease expired without renewal,
+the caretakers left. William S. Smoot, III, occasionally lived on the
+property, sometimes in a portion of the main house, and sometimes in
+the old stone house, which he dreamed of remodeling. The main house
+was rented to an antique dealer who, according to a Smoot descendant,
+had the house "filled with junk from top to bottom."
+
+Since they could no longer maintain Salona as a working farm and none
+of them wanted to occupy the main house on a permanent basis, the
+Smoots decided to partition the property. In 1948, Calder G. Smoot,
+only surviving son of William S. and Jennie K. Smoot, Sr., received
+as his share some 65 acres and the house. He did not, however, occupy
+Salona.[116] In the late 1940s and early 1950s, small parcels of the
+Salona property were sold to the McLean Baptist Church, the Salona
+Shopping Center and Trinity Methodist Church.[117]
+
+In the early 1950s, Salona was rented to the McLean Summer Theatre as
+a dormitory for the actors. Reportedly, they left the house "a
+shambles." The next tenants were a Danish captain and his family who
+occupied the east wing.
+
+In 1952, Calder Gilliam Smoot died "unmarried and intestate" and his
+65 acres and the house became the joint property of his four nephews:
+John D. K. Smoot, Jr., Henry B. Smoot, William S. Smoot, III, and
+John J. Smoot, and of his niece, Jane Wilson Smoot. Most of this
+property, in three separate land transactions, became the property of
+Clive and Susan DuVal.[118]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+ Chapter IV Notes
+
+ Salona and the Smoots
+
+ [95] Harry Wright Newman, _The Smoots of Maryland and Virginia_
+(Washington, D.C.: by the author, 1936), pp. 1-2.
+
+ [96] Regina Combs Hammett, _History of St. Mary's County, Maryland_
+(Ridge, Md.: by the author, 1977), pp. 73, 85, 87, 96, 100, 235-6,
+246, 285, 437.
+
+ [97] James Jarboe Papers, Manuscript Collection, Maryland Historical
+Society, Baltimore. Cited in Hammett, _St. Mary's County_, p. 100.
+
+ [98] Hammett, _St. Mary's County_, pp. 235-6, 246, 285.
+
+ [99] Margaret Brown Klapthor and Paul Dennis Brown, _History of
+Charles County, Maryland_ (La Plata: Charles County Tercentennary
+Committee, 1958), pp. 52, 192.
+
+ [100] Interview with John D. K. Smoot, Arlington, Virginia, January
+18, 1979, by Nan Netherton.
+
+ [101] Fairfax County, Virginia, Real and Personal Property Tax
+Assessments, 1854-1900. Virginia State Library, Archives Division.
+
+ [102] John Smoot interview, January 18, 1979.
+
+ [103] Fairfax County, Virginia, Personal Property Tax Book, 1860.
+Virginia State Library.
+
+ [104] Letter from Dr. Benjamin Franklin Cooling, U. S. Army Military
+History Institute, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, to Mrs. Ross D.
+Netherton, Fairfax, Virginia, December 5, 1978. Working papers for
+Salona, Virginia Room, Fairfax County Central Library.
+
+ [105] Evan Morrison Woodward, _Our Campaign_ (Philadelphia: J. E.
+Potter Co., 1865); McLean _Providence Journal_, February 11, 1977.
+Although a number of accounts place Julia Ward Howe, wife of Dr.
+Samuel Gridley Howe, in the vicinity when she received the
+inspiration to write the words to "The Battle Hymn of the Republic",
+the account of Mr. A. J. Bloor, assistant secretary of the U. S.
+Sanitary Commission gives a different version. He and Dr. Howe met
+Mrs. Howe and her party at Upton's Hill, near Seven Corners, where
+they observed preparations for General George McClellan's grand
+review of 70,000 troops. Her poem followed, written that night at the
+Willard Hotel in Washington. Florence Howe Hall, _The Story of the
+Battle Hymn of the Republic_ (Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries
+Press, reprint 1971), p. 62.
+
+
+ [106] Original memorandum in possession of Susan and Clive DuVal, II,
+Salona.
+
+ [107] Interviews with Smoot family members by the author; Fairfax
+County Ordinance of Secession, Lewinsville Precinct, #18, May 23,
+1861. Fairfax County Courthouse, and copy, Virginia Room, Fairfax
+County Central Library.
+
+ [108] Interview with John D. K. Smoot, January 18, 1979; personal
+property tax assessments, 1868, 1869, Virginia State Library.
+
+ [109] Ibid.
+
+ [110] Personal Property Tax Book, 1881. Virginia State Library.
+
+ [111] Interviews with members of the Smoot family by the author.
+
+ [112] Fairfax County Office of Comprehensive Planning, _Fairfax
+County in Virginia: Selections from Some Rare Sources_ (Fairfax, Va.:
+Office of Comprehensive Planning, 1974), pp. 126-127.
+
+ [113] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 635, p. 471; interviews
+with the Smoot family by the author.
+
+ [114] "The Rambler," _The Sunday Star_, August 2, 1914.
+
+ [115] _Washington Star_, May 20, 1932.
+
+ [116] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 635, p. 471.
+
+ [117] Interviews with Smoot family members by the author.
+
+ [118] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 1041, p. 123; 1097, p. 32;
+1322, p. 453.
+
+
+
+
+ V
+
+ SALONA AND THE DUVALS
+
+
+Susan and Clive DuVal, II, arrived in northern Virginia in 1952,
+hunting for an older house with interesting architectural features
+and surrounding acreage. When they discovered Salona, it was occupied
+by the Danish family who were in the east wing. They decided it was
+just the house they wanted, unprepossessing though it appeared, full
+of the musty odor of unoccupied houses, ill-treated by a succession
+of temporary tenants and youthful vandals, and in poor repair inside
+and out. Inspection of the house would have discouraged the average
+home buyer but the DuVals had the desire and resources to do what was
+necessary to rehabilitate the dwelling and to live in it.
+
+The first of three tracts was purchased from the Smoot heirs in
+January, 1953, and the DuVals spent about a year extensively
+renovating the house and grounds before they moved in. Without
+specific descriptions of the original house to use as guidelines,
+they attempted to preserve as much as possible of the presumed
+original dwelling while adapting it to modern living.[119]
+
+Both of the DuVals are descendants of French Huguenots who immigrated
+to New Amsterdam in the late eighteenth century. Both were born in
+New York City. One of Mrs. DuVal's grandfathers was Jesse Metcalf, a
+United States senator from Rhode Island, and her father was Frederic
+H. Bontecow, a New York state senator. As other residents of Salona
+had been before them, the DuVals were well educated, above the
+average level of Fairfax County residents. Mrs. DuVal is a graduate
+of Vassar, DuVal of Yale University Law School. And like some of
+their predecessors, their income, cultural interests and extent of
+community involvement are also well above the average for the time in
+which they live.[120]
+
+The DuVal family arrived in Fairfax County during a period when the
+population growth was expanding rapidly, both from in-migration and
+natural increase. With them the couple brought their three children,
+Susan Lynde (Lyn), Clive, III, and David. Daniel, their fourth, was
+born in 1953. Their experience was a reflection of the times--in the
+1950 U. S. Census, Fairfax County's population was 98,557; in 1960,
+it had increased to 248,897.[121]
+
+[Illustration: _The DuVal family, about 1957. Left to right Daniel,
+Susan Lynde, Clive II, Susan, David and Clive III. The English
+setters, Christmas, Dusty and Belle, are also "members of the
+family."_]
+
+Also reflecting the Washington metropolitan area's typical experience
+in the 1950s, DuVal came from elsewhere to accept employment with the
+federal government, in his case, as Assistant General Counsel
+(International Affairs) for the Department of Defense. He was,
+typically, a World War II veteran, a former officer in the United
+States Navy. From 1955 to 1959, he was general counsel for the United
+States Information Agency. Since then, he has been in the private
+practice of law. As did the majority of married women with children
+in the decades 1950-1970, in Fairfax County, Mrs. DuVal stayed at
+home with the children rather than taking a regular outside job,
+except for her many volunteer projects in which she was regularly
+involved in the McLean community.[122]
+
+Salona became a place of hospitality, where social, political, arts
+and educational events were held. The Woman's Club of McLean, the
+McLean House Tour, the McLean Ballet Company, Children's Hospital,
+the Fairfax YWCA, the McLean Boys Club, the Northern Virginia
+Democratic Women's Club, Yale University students and the Historical
+Society of Fairfax County, were among the many beneficiaries of the
+DuVals' generosity in making Salona available for special
+events.[123]
+
+In 1965, DuVal ran for and was elected to the Virginia House of
+Delegates, in which he served for three consecutive terms.[124] He
+ran unsuccessfully for the United States Senate seat against Harry F.
+Byrd, Jr., in the democratic primary in 1970, but was subsequently
+elected to the Virginia State Senate in 1971 and 1975.[125]
+
+Because of his deep interest in conservation and environmental
+protection, DuVal received both the Virginia state award and the
+National Wildlife Federation award in 1970 for being the outstanding
+conservation legislator in the United States.[126] Consistent with
+this demonstrated interest, the DuVals decided to take a major step
+in conservation themselves. They entered into a perpetual easement
+agreement in 1971 with the Board of Supervisors, Fairfax County,
+Virginia, for the historic preservation of Salona, its surrounding
+outbuildings and eight acres of land. In the same legal instrument, a
+temporary easement for the remaining 44.3 acres was arranged for a
+period of at least ten years.[127] A later amendment, in 1974,
+provided for termination of the temporary easement only after January
+1, 1990.[128]
+
+In 1975, a patriotic organization, the Society of the United States
+Daughters of 1812, obtained the DuVals' permission to place an
+historic plaque at Salona to commemorate James Madison's visit there
+in 1814. The bronze plaque was mounted in a foundation stone from
+what are thought to have been old slave quarters. They once stood in
+the side yard below the house. The plaque reads as follows:
+
+
+               1784-1815
+
+                SALONA
+
+
+    "A place of great hospitality"
+
+    Shelter for President Madison
+
+            August, 1914
+
+    When British burned Washington
+
+
+Plaque placed by Virginia State Society
+
+   National Society of United States
+
+           Daughters of 1812
+
+
+                 1975
+
+
+ Chapter V Notes
+
+ Salona and the DuVals
+
+ [119] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 635, p. 471; interviews
+with Susan and Clive DuVal by the author.
+
+ [120] See Chapters II and IV; interviews with Clive and Susan DuVal
+by the author.
+
+ [121] Nan Netherton, Donald Sweig, Janice Artemel, Patricia Hickin
+and Patrick Reed, _Fairfax County, Virginia: A History_ (Fairfax,
+Va.: Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, 1978), p. 546.
+
+ [122] Netherton, et al., _Fairfax County_, p. 659; interview with
+Clive and Susan DuVal, January 11, 1979, by Nan Netherton; DuVal
+family scrapbooks, Volumes I-VII, 1944-1978, Salona.
+
+ [123] McLean _Providence Journal_, April 29, 1960; _Washington Post_,
+April 23, 1961; Fairfax County _Sun-Echo_, January 15, 1965;
+_Washington Star_, March 18, 1965; Fairfax County _Free Press
+Newspapers_, September 29, 1966; _Globe_, May 14, 1970; Semi-Annual
+meeting program, November 14, 1976; DuVal family scrapbooks, 1961 and
+1963, Salona.
+
+ [124] Virginia General Assembly, _Register of the General Assembly
+from 1619-1976_ (Richmond, Va.: Virginia General Assembly, 1978).
+
+ [125] Commonwealth of Virginia, _Manual of the Senate and House of
+Delegates_ (Richmond, Va.: Department of Purchasing and Supply,
+1978).
+
+ [126] Program, National Wildlife Federation award ceremony, March 7,
+1970, DuVal family scrapbook, Salona.
+
+ [127] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 3418, p. 686.
+
+ [128] Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 4159, p. 436.
+
+
+
+
+ VI
+
+ SALONA: THE HOUSE AND OUTBUILDINGS
+
+
+The date of construction and the name of the builder of the house
+known as Salona are unknown.
+
+There have been many changes to the mansion house, the outbuildings
+and grounds through the years. The central house now has only one
+wing instead of the earlier two. The large barn has been torn down;
+only the substantial foundation bears witness to its size. A pile of
+rubble marks the site of "the old stone house," thought by the Smoot
+family to have been the oldest structure on the property. The
+driveway entrance is off Buchanan Street instead of the Falls Road,
+although evidence of the older driveway still exists. The rear
+entrance road has been blocked by subdivision construction, although
+its route remains visible across the south side of the property.
+Perhaps the most decided changes are in the use of the land itself.
+As McLean grew, the Salona farm shrank in area and its formerly
+fertile acres were transformed into shopping centers, subdivisions,
+streets and roads.
+
+Architectural historians say that they cannot pin-point the exact
+construction date of Salona, but believe it to have been between 1790
+and 1810, a full twenty-year span. This belief is based in part on
+examination of the types of nails used in the attic of the main
+house, as well as the similarity of the "cross and Bible" door at the
+north entrance to some of the doors at Sully, whose construction
+began in 1793.[129] Many local sources claim that the house was built
+in 1801 by William Maffitt,[130] but this supposition has not been
+documented. The Smoot children were always told by their elders that
+the house was started in 1790 and finished in 1801, and that Maffitt
+was the builder. There was a residential structure on the land when
+the 466 acres were advertised for sale in 1811.[131]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+Originally, the house was probably a rectangular two-story, five-bay
+structure with flanking wings, which may have been frame. On the
+north front, the brickwork is Flemish bond; on the other three sides
+and the wing it is common bond. There are two interior end chimneys.
+An elaborate bracketed cornice supports the gabled roof. This cornice
+and the bracketed entrance porch with paired, squared columns show
+definite Victorian influence and were probably originally added after
+the Civil War. The DuVals altered the design slightly when they
+renovated the house in 1952.
+
+The most unusual feature of Salona is its wide T-shaped hall which
+runs the full width of the north front of the central house, with the
+main stairway rising at its west end directly across one of the front
+windows. The long hall originally led to the wings on either end, but
+these were apparently destroyed during the Civil War and only the
+east wing was rebuilt in 1866. There is a fireplace in every room,
+although most of the Federal-style mantels have been recently
+installed in Salona and have come from old houses in North Carolina
+and New England. There are chair rails on the walls of the living
+room, dining room, and the first floor hallway. Extensive remodeling
+was done by the present owners.[132] The T-shaped hall ends on the
+solid wall behind the stairway on the west side, and on the east
+leads directly into the post-Civil War wing which contains a small
+sitting room, bathroom, and the kitchen. The smaller hall, the stem
+of the T, runs perpendicular to the main hall with opposing entrance
+doors at each end. The spacious living and dining rooms flank the
+smaller hall, with entrances from the main hall.
+
+[Illustration]
+
+It is a Smoot family legend that Constantino Brumidi, the Italian
+immigrant who painted many of the murals in the U. S. Capitol in
+Washington, D.C., was given shelter by the Smoots, probably after the
+Civil War, when he was destitute. As a token of his gratitude, he
+decorated the ceilings of the living room and dining room with
+flowers and fruits. No trace of these paintings now exists. However,
+when the DuVals purchased Salona in 1952, there were clearly remains
+of paintings on the walls and ceilings. But the plaster was in such
+poor condition that it had to be completely replaced.
+
+On the second floor, an upper hall, slightly smaller than the one
+below, runs across the north front. It may once have been an open "T"
+before modernization and the addition of two bathrooms by the DuVals.
+To the right from the head of the stairs is the master bedroom with a
+brick hearth and brick and wood mantel. The next bedroom, almost as
+large, also contains a brick and wood mantel. In the east wing, the
+hall leads directly into a den from which a stairway goes up to an
+attic bedroom and bath, both added by the DuVals. The den also serves
+as a passageway to a secondary hallway from which open two smaller
+bedrooms separated by another stairway leading to the first floor
+close to the kitchen. The unfinished portion of the attic is used for
+storage. There is a partial basement, primarily under the east wing.
+
+No copy of the original floor plan has been found. Records of the
+Virginia Mutual Assurance Society in Richmond show that no fire
+insurance was ever purchased from them on Salona, hence no floor plan
+drawings are on file there.[133]
+
+Because Maffitt died intestate, his estate was inventoried and
+appraised. As a result, we know that the original house contained a
+dining room furnished with a "set of three dining tables" and 24
+Windsor chairs, which tends to support the tradition that the
+original dining room was in the west wing, possibly occupying the
+entire first floor of it.[134]
+
+According to Smoot family legend, Salona was built entirely by
+slaves, who made the brick from clay on the property. These legends
+also claim that the woodwork was made by William Buckland who did the
+woodwork at Gunston Hall in 1758. This seems unlikely as William
+Buckland died in 1774. Smoot family legends also say that the house
+was built by Maffitt, with construction starting in 1790 and ending
+in 1801, and that the wings were larger than the main house.
+
+Although the DuVals found no remnants of a west wing foundation when
+they were doing extensive grading, there is visual evidence in the
+brick mortar that a doorway and a window existed in the west end of
+the main house. Moreover, architectural historians believe that the
+placement of the kitchen and summer kitchen testify to the west
+wing's existence. Furthermore, the Smoots agree that their older
+relatives stated that the Yankees destroyed the west wing which was
+never rebuilt.
+
+[Illustration: _Salona entrance hall. Photo by the author, 1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _West wall, showing evidence of a former doorway
+opening. Photo by the author, 1975._]
+
+
+ The Outbuildings
+
+The old stone house was an enigma which fascinated the young Smoots.
+They report that the house was built around an oversized stone
+chimney in its center, with four fireplaces, two back-to-back on each
+floor. Downstairs was one big room, with a winding stairway at one
+end leading to the second floor where there were two rooms.
+Unfortunately the building was in such disrepair when the DuVals
+bought the property that they later had it razed in the interests of
+safety. It was located north and east of the mansion house and was
+referred to by one of the Smoots as "the trappers cabin."
+
+The old stone spring house is still standing.
+
+[Illustration: _Stonehouse ruins, Salona. Historic American Buildings
+Survey, Library of Congress, 1958._]
+
+[Illustration: _Springhouse and barn, Salona. Historic American
+Buildings Survey, Library of Congress, 1958._]
+
+[Illustration: _Rear view of the main house, Salona. Photo by the
+author, 1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _Foundation ruins of the old barn, Salona. Photo by
+the author, 1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _Rear view of the wing, Salona. Photo by the author,
+1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _Smokehouse, Salona. Photo by the author, 1975._]
+
+[Illustration: smokehouse]
+
+A number of early outbuildings are still in use at Salona. Close to
+the house on the south is the outdoor brick kitchen, used by the
+Smoots as a "summer kitchen," now by the DuVals as a guest house.
+Diagonally opposite the east wing is a former brick smoke house now
+used for storage. Farther to the southeast is a board and batten
+corncrib. Some distance farther east are the ruins of a large bank
+barn, whose thick stone foundations testify to its former size and
+sturdiness. At the west end of the house, some distance away, is an
+old three-hole brick privy, once approached through a grape arbor.
+
+The DuVals have built a tennis court on a lower level of land on the
+east.[135]
+
+[Illustration: _The outside brick kitchen, now a guest house, Salona.
+Photo by the author, 1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _PRIVY_]
+
+[Illustration: _The old brick privy, Salona. Photo by the author,
+1975._]
+
+[Illustration: _OLD KITCHEN OUT BUILDING_]
+
+
+ Chapter VI Notes
+
+ Salona: The House and Outbuildings
+
+ [129] National Park Service and Fairfax County Park Authority.
+
+ [130] Stated in Works Projects Administration, Writers' Program,
+_Virginia, a Guide to the Old Dominion_ (Oxford University Press, New
+York, 1941), p. 525.
+
+ [131] Interviews between the author, Jane Wilson Smoot and William
+Smoot; _Alexandria Gazette_, November 11, 1811.
+
+ [132] Interview with Clive and Susan DuVal. January 5, 1979.
+
+ [133] Virginia Mutual Assurance Society records, Virginia State
+Library, Richmond, Virginia.
+
+ [134] Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book Q-1, p. 241. Also see
+appendix.
+
+ [135] Interviews with the DuVals and the Smoots.
+
+
+
+
+ VII
+
+ PRESERVATION BY EASEMENT
+
+
+Because it was a "wonderfully sound, nice and comfortable, gracious
+old house" with many pleasant and historical associations and
+memories, the DuVals felt that Salona should be permanently
+preserved.[136] In 1971, a permanent historic and scenic easement and
+a temporary easement were drawn up by the DuVals, and signed on
+behalf of the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors by County Executive
+George Kelley.[137] (See appendix for full text of the document.)
+
+Both easements were designed to assist the county's efforts to
+protect and maintain "the scenic, historic, and recreational values
+of land within the County." It also fitted in with the county
+government's stated purpose to shape the character, direction and
+timing of community development through the preservation of open
+space land. The permanent easement was also given "to protect in
+perpetuity the mansion known as 'Salona.'" It provides that "The
+mansion house known as 'Salona' as such structure exists at the date
+of the execution of this instrument, shall not be razed, demolished,
+moved or relocated until such action is approved by the Board of
+County Supervisors acting upon the advice of the Architectural Review
+Board ... or until such structure becomes uninhabitable or demolished
+through fire, storm or similar natural calamity."
+
+Provision is also made for the protection of trees and shrubbery and
+various uses permitted under the permanent easement.
+
+The permanent easement includes the eight acres surrounding the
+mansion; the temporary easement covers the remaining 44.3 acres.
+
+On November 20, 1974, the deed of easement was amended, providing for
+the termination of the temporary easement only after January 1, 1990.
+The amendment was signed by the DuVals and Jean Packard, Chairman
+acting for the Fairfax County Board of Supervisors.[138]
+
+Salona was placed on the Virginia Landmarks Register on June 19,
+1973,[139] and on the National Register of Historic Places on July
+24, 1973.[140]
+
+[Illustration]
+
+
+ Chapter VII Notes
+
+ Preservation by Easement
+
+ [136] Interview with Clive and Susan DuVal, January 5, 1979, by Nan
+Netherton, at Salona.
+
+ [137] Deed of Easement, Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book 3418, p.
+686, March 24, 1971.
+
+ [138] Amending Deed of Easement, Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book
+4159, p. 436, November 20, 1974.
+
+ [139] Virginia State Landmarks Register, Landmarks Commission,
+Richmond, Virginia.
+
+ [140] National Register of Historic Places, U. S. Department of the
+Interior, Washington, D.C.
+
+
+
+
+                                                            APPENDIX A
+
+                   SALONA
+               CHAIN OF TITLE
+
+
+4 August 1719       Northern Neck grant to Thomas
+                    Lee for 2862 acres above the
+                    falls of Potowmack River, two
+                    miles above first or lower
+                    falls. Northern Neck Grant
+                    Book 5:240.
+
+22 February 1749    Thomas Lee devised to Philip
+                    Ludwell Lee. Will was probated
+                    30 July 1751 in Westmoreland
+                    County.
+
+19 April 1782       Philip Ludwell Lee to Matilda Lee.
+                    Tract was divided, Westmoreland.
+
+10 August 1790      Henry Lee, Sr. (III) and
+                    Matilda (Lee) Lee conveyed to
+                    Henry Lee, Jr. (IV). Deed on
+                    record in office of General
+                    Court of Commonwealth.
+
+7 June 1808         Henry Lee, Sr. and Henry
+                    Lee, Jr., both of Westmoreland
+                    County, sold for $25,000 to
+                    Richard Bland Lee of Fairfax
+                    County all of that tract called
+                    Langley Farm containing 1600
+                    acres. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    J2:84.
+
+18 July 1808        Richard Bland Lee and Elizabeth
+                    his wife of Fairfax County sold
+                    to William Maffitt who was to
+                    reconvey to Elizabeth Lee. The
+                    deed was for 300 acres--all
+                    of tract of a farm lying on the
+                    south or southeast side of the
+                    road leading from the town of
+                    Turberville to the Little Falls
+                    of the Potomac, "now in occupation
+                    of T. C. Scott," commonly
+                    called Langley Farm. Fairfax
+                    County Deeds J2:18.
+
+19 July 1808        William Maffitt conveyed to
+                    Elizabeth Lee--300 acres.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds J2:6.
+
+9 January 1809      Richard Bland Lee of Sully
+                    and Elizabeth his wife mortgaged
+                    two tracts of land: 529
+                    acres of Sully and 1600 acres
+                    of tract called Langley Farm.
+                    Lee was indebted to Bushrod
+                    Washington of Mount Vernon by
+                    bond dated 9 January 1809 for
+                    $10,034.28 which was due 1 March
+                    1814. The land was conveyed to
+                    Henry Smith Turner, Jefferson
+                    County, Thomas Blackburn of
+                    Fairfax County and Bushrod
+                    Washington, Jr. of Westmoreland
+                    County, to hold in trust for
+                    use of Lee in case note not
+                    paid. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    J2:245.
+
+10 May 1811         Richard Bland Lee and Elizabeth
+                    his wife of Alexandria sold
+                    to William Herbert for $6,987.85
+                    (total of three judgments, interests
+                    and costs obtained by
+                    William Herbert against Richard
+                    Bland Lee). Bushrod Washington
+                    and Bushrod Washington, Jr. gave
+                    release. The tract was 466 acres
+                    on south side of Little Falls
+                    Road. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    L2:177.
+
+10 March 1812       William Herbert and Sarah his
+                    wife sold for $6,058 to William
+                    Maffitt--466 acres. (Deed is
+                    dated 10 March 1810, but the
+                    release by Sarah Herbert refers
+                    to deed of 10 March 1812.)
+                    Fairfax County Deeds L2:368.
+
+10 March 1812       Richard Bland Lee of Alexandria
+                    and Elizabeth his wife sold for
+                    $420 to William Maffitt of Fairfax
+                    County--42 acres on south
+                    side main road leading from the
+                    town of Turberville to Little
+                    Falls of Potomack adjacent to
+                    466 acre tract sold by Lee to
+                    William Herbert. Fairfax
+                    County Deeds L2:416.
+
+1 November 1823     William Maffitt mortgaged to
+                    his sister, Margaret Whann, of
+                    George Town, D.C. tract called
+                    Salona "on which William Maffitt
+                    now resides." Maffitt was indebted
+                    to Whann for $6,000.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds V2:85.
+
+20 July 1831        Thomas Moss, Commissioner under
+                    decree of Fairfax County Court
+                    conveyed to Margaret Whann of
+                    George Town, D.C. William Maffitt
+                    had mortgaged Salona. He died
+                    intestate and had not paid debt.
+                    Whann brought suit against heirs
+                    of Maffitt (in Chancery) for
+                    sum $3,716. At sale 18 April
+                    1831 Salona was sold to James
+                    McVean, agent for Margaret Whann
+                    for $2,650, the highest bid
+                    made. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    Z2:403.
+
+29 July 1835        Ann B. Maffitt, widow of William
+                    Maffitt, Revd. Reubin Post and
+                    Harriett his wife, Ann. L. Maffitt
+                    and William Maffitt, the only
+                    children and heirs at law of
+                    William Maffitt sold to Margaret
+                    Whann the right of dower of Ann
+                    B. Maffitt and interest of children
+                    in Salona and smaller tract
+                    adjoining thereto. Fairfax County
+                    Deeds C3:314.
+
+7 June 1842         Margaret Whann of George Town
+                    sold for $7,500 to Chapman Lee
+                    of Alexandria--all of Salona on
+                    south side Little Falls Road and
+                    42 acres of adjoining tract.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds G3:378.
+
+17 May 1845         James McVean of George Town
+                    in D.C. (survivor of Samuel M.
+                    Whann), party of the first part;
+                    Chapman Lee of Fairfax County
+                    and Laura E. his wife of the
+                    second part; and Elisha Sherman,
+                    late of Fairfield County, Connecticut
+                    of the third part. On
+                    8 June 1842 in order to secure
+                    sum of $4,500 plus accruing
+                    interest owed by Chapman Lee
+                    to Margaret Whann, Lee conveyed
+                    to James McVean and Samuel M.
+                    Whann (since deceased) tract
+                    called Salona containing 506
+                    acres more or less. Lee sold
+                    208 acres to Sherman for $5,421
+                    and proposed to pay $2,079 to
+                    McVean and receive himself $921
+                    and leave sum of $2421 as lien
+                    on land sold to Sherman.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds J3:262.
+
+1 July 1853         Elisha Sherman and Anna his
+                    wife, late of Fairfax County
+                    and "now of Washington County,
+                    D.C." sold for $10,000 to Jacob
+                    G. Smoot of Georgetown tract
+                    heretofore called Langley but
+                    now called Salona--208 acres
+                    2 rods. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    T3:186.
+
+28 June 1948        Deed of Partition of land of
+                    Jacob G. Smoot known as the
+                    Smoot farm--208 acres. Jacob
+                    G. Smoot died intestate. He
+                    was survived by his four children:
+                    William S. Smoot, Helen
+                    M. Smoot, Harriet E. Smoot and
+                    Catherine C. Smoot, and by his
+                    widow, Harriet C. Smoot.
+
+                    William S. Smoot died testate
+                    devising his one-fourth interest
+                    to Jennie K. Smoot who died
+                    intestate leaving as her only
+                    heirs at law three children:
+                    John D. K. Smoot, Calder G.
+                    Smoot and William S. Smoot,
+                    Jr.
+
+                    Helen M. Smoot, Harriet E.
+                    Smoot and Catherine C. Smoot
+                    died unmarried and intestate
+                    leaving their three-fourths
+                    interests to heirs at law,
+                    their three nephews, John D.
+                    K. Smoot, Calder G. Smoot
+                    and William S. Smoot, Jr.
+
+                    John D. K. Smoot died intestate
+                    survived by widow and
+                    three children, his only
+                    heirs at law: Julia B. Smoot,
+                    widow, Jane Smoot Wilson,
+                    John D. K. Smoot, Jr. and
+                    Henry B. Smoot.
+
+                    William S. Smoot, Jr. died
+                    leaving widow and two children:
+                    Elizabeth J. Smoot,
+                    widow and William S. Smoot
+                    III and John J. Smoot.
+
+                    The Smoot farm was divided
+                    in three parts: to Calder G.
+                    Smoot and to the heirs of
+                    John D. K. Smoot and William
+                    S. Smoot, Jr. Fairfax County
+                    Deeds 635:471.
+
+6 January 1953      John D. K. Smoot, Jr. and
+                    Wilma his wife; Jane Smoot
+                    Wilson and Nelson B. her husband;
+                    Henry B. Smoot, unmarried;
+                    William S. Smoot III
+                    and Nancy W. his wife; and
+                    John J. Smoot and Patricia
+                    his wife sold to Clive L.
+                    DuVal II and Susan B. his
+                    wife 26.846 acres, part of
+                    Lot #2 in partition which was
+                    allocated to Calder G. Smoot
+                    who died unmarried and intestate
+                    leaving sole heirs at
+                    law and next of kin four
+                    nephews and one niece, named
+                    above. Fairfax County Deeds
+                    1041:123.
+
+24 July 1953        William Smoot, Nancy Smoot,
+                    John Smoot, Patricia Smoot,
+                    Elizabeth Smoot deeded 11.305
+                    acres to Clive and Susan DuVal.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds 1097:32.
+
+20 June 1955        John D. K. Smoot, Jr., Wilma
+                    Smoot, Jane Smoot Wilson,
+                    Nelson Wilson, Henry Smoot,
+                    Dolores Smoot, William Smoot,
+                    Nancy Smoot, John Smoot and
+                    Patricia Smoot deeded 17.6351
+                    acres to Clive and Susan DuVal.
+                    Fairfax County Deeds 1322:453.
+
+1 September 1955    Deed of Release. Fairfax
+                    County Deed Book 1351, p. 150.
+
+24 March 1971       Permanent easement on eight
+                    acres, temporary easement for at
+                    least ten years on 44.3 acres from
+                    Susan and Clive DuVal to the
+                    Fairfax County Board of Supervisors,
+                    signed by George Kelley,
+                    County Executive. Fairfax County
+                    Deed Book 3418, p. 686.
+
+20 November 1974    Amendment to deed of easement
+                    by Susan and Clive DuVal to provide
+                    for termination of the temporary
+                    easement only after January 1,
+                    1990. Fairfax County Deed Book
+                    4159, p. 436.
+
+
+
+
+                                                            APPENDIX B
+
+                     FAIRFAX COUNTY WILL BOOK Q-1, p. 271
+
+                               March 21^st 1832
+
+                Inventory and Appraisement of the personal Estate
+                          of W^m. Maffitt dec^d. to wit
+
+
+  1 Bay horse $20 1 do $60 &
+    1 do $25                         $105
+  1 Carriage and Harness              100
+  Colt, old iron $2 6 axes $2.50        4.50
+  5 Shovels .75c, 4 brier scythes $1    1.75
+  9 swingletrees $1.50 6 coulters       3.50
+  3 mattaxs $1.50 6 broad hoes 75¢      2.25
+  1 Cutting Box patent                 15.00
+  Carpenters Tools                      3
+  Copper boiler                         5"
+  3 wedges & shares  $1.50
+     4 hay forks 1.25                   2.75
+  Corn at $2 per bar (30) barrels      60"
+  33 old Barrels                        3"
+  4 Scythes & Sheathes $1 4 hooks 75¢   1.75
+  Grain Box                             1.50
+  Old Sleigh Irons                      2.50
+  2 Ox Yokes                            1"
+  2 Wheel Barrows                       2"
+  28 hogs $74 - 19 Pigs $9.50        $ 83.50
+  3 Breeding Sows                       4.50
+  1 Pair of Oxen (large)               25"
+  1 do      do (Small)                 12"
+  Red buffalo Cow                      10"
+  Cow and Calf                          7"
+  1 Spotted Cow Small horns             8"
+  1 do          Sawed horns             5"
+  1 do          red Sides               8"
+  2 Calves $3 - 1 Bull $6               9"
+  58 sheep at $1.25                    72.50
+  65 Locust Posts @ 12¢                 8.12-1/2
+  4 pieces of old Carpeting             4"
+  one Rug                               2"
+  No. 1 Bed Mattrass Curtain
+    bedstead, bolsters, and piller     20"
+  No. 2 Bed, Mattrass, bolster,
+    piller and Stead                   20"
+  No. 3 do as above                    15"
+  Andirons, fender and Tongs            5"
+  Washstand bowl and pitcher            1"
+  Toilet Table Glass and 3 chairs       2.25
+  Trunnel bedstead with two mattrasses
+    & two bolsters                      5"
+  1 Bedstead                            2"
+  Trunnel bedstead, Mattrasses, 4
+    pillows and 4 bolsters             10"
+  No. 4 Bed, Mattrass & furniture      20"
+  No. 5 do do 1^st Room                20"
+  Fender, Tongs and A:Irons             2.50
+  Tallo and Bucket                       .75
+  9 p^r. Blankets                      25"
+  Urn                                 $ 1.50
+  one dozen Custard Cups                  14
+  3 Tea Canisters and tin bucket        1.25
+  8 Stone jars                          2"
+  1 Small and large barrels               25
+  1/2 bushel Measure                   12-1/2
+  Coffee Mill and Saddle bags           1.25
+  1 p^r. Andirons in Kitchen            4"
+  Gridiron and Tea kettle               1.50
+  4 Iron pots $6--2 spits $1.
+    2 ovens $2                          9"
+  2 Spiders $1.25 Frying pan 50c        1.75
+  1 Brass Skillet                       3"
+  Ladle and forks                        .12-1/2
+  Sifter                                 .25
+  1 doz: Small knives and forks         1.50
+  1 do Large                            6"
+  Pewter plates, Tin and Tubs           5"
+  Spice mortar                          1"
+  4 candlesticks, candle box            1"
+  3 Decanters, 3 Glass pitchers         3.50
+  Coffee pot                             .25
+  one doz: Wine Glasses No. 1           1.75
+  9  do    do                            .75
+  9 Cordial Glasses                     1"
+  6 Salt Glasses                         .75
+  11 Jelly Glasses                      1"
+  1 broken Caster                       2"
+  1 Large pitcher                       1"
+  1 Large bowl                           .50
+  12 Table mats                         1"
+  2 china bowls                          .12-1/2
+  1 p^r. Andirons                        .25
+  1 Large Carpet                       30"
+  1 Table                               1.50
+  3 sets plough Gear                  $ 4.50
+  2 new Cart Wheels                    20"
+  1 Iron plough                         5"
+  1.75  2 Shovel ploughs                2"
+  3.50  1 bar Shear plough              3"
+  2 old broken ploughs                  1"
+  3 Harrows                             6"
+  2 Iron Mould boards                    .50
+  1 double Swingletree                   .75
+  1 cart $6 - 1 broken
+       do. $3                           9"
+  1 Grind Stone                          .50
+  Ox Chain $1 fodderhouse
+   $8                                   9"
+  1 Wheel and pair Shakes               2"
+  Orchard Grass and rye
+    Straw                               2"
+                                     --------
+    Carried forward                  $379.75
+    Amt. brot forward                $379.75
+  2 Oats $9 - 3 stacks of
+     hay $50                           59"
+  5 Cotton Counterpanes              $ 10.00
+  6 do     do                           4"
+  5 Coloured ditto                      3"
+  3 Trunks and Chests                   1.50
+  24 Windsor chairs                     6"
+  Set dining Tables 3                  18"
+  one Large Table                       5"
+  1 Small round Table and
+      4 Waiters                         5"
+  Candle Stand                          2"
+  Writing Desk                          2"
+  Sideboard                            20"
+  2 Spoon and knife cases               6"
+  6 different maps                      4.50
+  Andirons, Shovel, Tongs,
+    Fender       8"
+  4 Candlesticks and oil Lamp           3"
+  2 knife Boxes                         1"
+  1 Small Table (long and
+     Square)                            1"
+  1 Bedstead, pillow and
+    bolster                            18"
+  30 Diaper Towels                      2.50
+  8 pillow cases                        1.50
+  10 Tongs $1.50 1 Small
+     Table 75¢                          2.25
+  1 Desk and bookcase                  25"
+  One Bureau and book Case             20"
+  p^r. Andions Tongs and poker          2.50
+  one doz: small Tea plates             2"
+  3 dozen Small plates                  4.50
+  1    "    deep plates                 1.50
+  Fruit Dishes                          1.50
+  1 large Turien                         .50
+  1 doz: Custard Cups                    .50
+  Turien (2 Sets)                       1.50
+  20 Cider barrels                    $ 5"
+  6 Jugs                                1.50
+  9 Demijohns                           9"
+  11 pewter Candle moulds               1.75
+  Kitchen Stove                        20"
+  2 Barrels of bottles at
+     3 cts. each                        2.88
+  old boxes, Jugs, etc.                  .25
+  2 basons and 2 Dishes
+      /pewter/      2"
+  1 Churn and Tray                       .50
+  3 Jars and pail                        .75
+  1 Table 25¢--1 large
+   pot $2                               2.25
+  2 Small pans                           .37-1/2
+  1 Safe                                2"
+  one large iron pot                    2.50
+  2 ovens 75¢ 2 Smoothing
+     Irons 75¢                          1.50
+  2 Tubs 12-1/2¢ Carpet
+    irons $1                            1.12-1/2
+  p^r.  Scales                          2"
+  Saddle and bridle                     2"
+  p^r.  Steelyards                      2"
+  lot of Wool at 20¢ per 8"            16.80
+  Looking Glass No. 1                   6"
+   do    do    No. 2                    6"
+  Crop of Turnips 13 cts
+    per bushel                         10"
+  Pide Cow and Calf                    12"
+  Gold Watch, Seal and key             50"
+  Writing Desk                          1"
+  2 Ink Stands                           .39
+  One Globe                              .20
+                                    ------------
+                                    $1588.89-1/2
+                                    ============
+
+
+
+
+                                                            APPENDIX C
+
+                     FAIRFAX COUNTY WILL BOOK Q-1, p. 274
+
+                  Appraisement of Dower Negroes belonging to
+                          William Maffitt's Estate
+
+
+  Names                   Dower    Real       Age    Notable marks
+                           Appt    Value
+ 1st lot Dick etc          $ 0      0           70
+
+ Cato and Reid              10  "   350   " 48, 27   Reid cut over right
+                                                        thumb
+
+ 2nd lot 1st Willis        100  "   350   "     26   Willis scar on
+                                                        right hand
+
+ 2nd Jonathon              100  "   350   "     23   Scar on left thumb
+
+ 4. Polly & Child
+  Mathew                    25  "   300   "     21   Child 8 months
+
+ 5. Allens                 100  "   300   "     19   scar on right Wrist
+
+ 6. Betty                   25  "   200         14
+
+ 7. Wait                    50  "   200   "     12   a burn on right
+                                                       hand
+
+ 8. Cyntha                  25  "   150   "      9
+
+ 9. Edmund                  15  "   120   "      6
+
+ 2^n lot Dianah
+ Catharine & Child              "   400   "
+
+ 3^rd lot Bob & family
+ 2 Abby & child Honey           "   300   "          Bob bald head
+
+ 3^rd Shirley              100  "   350   "
+
+ 4. Jonathon               100  "   350   "     23
+
+ 5. Alcey                   25  "   250   "
+
+ 6. Robert                  75  "   300   "
+
+ 7. Beverley                50  "   250   "
+
+ 4^th lot Kitty & child
+ Mary, Ozekial &         blank  "   450   "          Kitty scar on
+                                                        right cheek
+ Thornton
+
+ Jenney                    100  "   350   "
+
+ 5^th lot John's
+ family                    100  "   300   "          John
+
+ Matilda                   100  "   300   "
+
+ Aleck                      "   "    "    "
+
+ Fanny                      "   "    "    "
+
+ Ellen                  blank   "   500   "
+
+ Nancy                   25     "   275   "
+
+ James                   75     "   300   "
+
+ Armistead & Talbot      40     "   300   "          Armistead hand
+                                                     burnt arm useless
+                                                     and one Eye out
+ Milly                   25         175
+
+ Harry & wife           100         300         43
+
+ Scylla Sam Mary                    350         38
+
+ Joe                     75         300              16 Schlla, Sam an
+                                                       infant, Mina
+
+ Willis                  50         200         12
+
+ Heny                    40         150         10
+
+ Sam an infant                                   8
+
+ Robins Family
+
+ Robin his wife
+ Marjory                100         250         50   Single lot
+
+                                    350         40   Marjory, Julia and
+                                                       Momy $350
+
+ Eliza and children                 200         28
+
+ W^m 3 yrs: Mary                                20   2^nd lot Eliza W^m
+                                                       Mary James $400
+ James an Infant                                10   real Value
+
+ Molly & Child
+ Richard                 10         300
+
+ Robin                                          18
+
+ Juay                    25         150         14
+
+ Susan                   40         200         10
+
+ Sampson                 40         200          8
+
+ Jane                    20         150          7
+
+ Julia                                           3
+
+ Naris                                           2
+
+ Anderson's Family
+
+ Anderson               100         300         48
+
+ Alcey, his Wife         35         150         40
+
+ Ranald                  75         300         16
+
+ Andrew                  75         300         14
+
+ Edward                  50         200         12
+
+ Single
+
+ Ozekial, a boy          50         200         13
+
+ Winny                                          45
+
+ Betsy Martha            30         350          8-4
+
+ Ellen and Child
+ Lucy and Scylla       blank        350         27
+
+ Sara, Lewis         $ blank        500          5
+
+ 7^th lot, Lewis,
+ a Lad                  100         350         19   Lewis has a Scar
+                                                       in the bend of
+                                                       the right arm
+
+ Sandy                   50         250          8
+
+ Philip old              75         150         48   Philip on the
+                                                       fingers of the
+                                                       right hand
+
+ Booter                 100         400         29   Booter a Scar on
+                                                       fore finger 1st
+                                                       joint on the left
+                                                       hand
+
+ 8^th Lot
+
+ Willy and child Mima  blank        300         20
+
+ 9^th lot old Lucy &
+ husband Toby           125         400         27
+
+ 10^th Lot Martha        25          75         45
+
+ Griffen                100         350         33
+
+In obedience to an order of the County Court of Fairfax hereto annexed
+and the appraisers therein named have inventoried and appraised all
+and Singular the goods & chattles of William Maffitt dec^d. that were
+presented to our view by the admr as herein before Stated Given under
+our hands dec^r. 1828
+
+                                   Rich^d. Darne
+
+                                   William Swink
+
+                                   Joseph Sewell
+
+At A Court Continued and held for Fairfax County the 21^st day of
+March 1832
+
+This Inventory and Appraisement of the Estate of William Maffitt
+dec^d. was returned and ordered to be recorded
+
+
+                                   Teste W^m. Moss
+
+
+
+
+                                                            APPENDIX D
+
+  Fairfax County Deed Book
+    3418, pages 686-697
+
+
+       DEED OF EASEMENT
+
+            THIS DEED, made this 24th day of March,
+       1971, by and between Clive L. DuVal, 2nd and
+       Susan B. DuVal, his wife, parties of the first
+       part, hereinafter called the grantor, and the
+       County of Fairfax, Virginia, party of the second
+       part, hereinafter called County;
+
+            WHEREAS, the County has an interest in
+       protecting and maintaining the scenic, historic
+       and recreational value of land within the County
+       and;
+
+            WHEREAS, the County also has a desire to
+       shape the character, direction and timing of
+       community development through the preservation of
+       "open space" land and;
+
+            WHEREAS, the governing body of the County
+       has determined that the acceptance of the
+       conveyance of certain interests in land less than
+       the fee will assist in accomplishing these above
+       stated objectives, and;
+
+            WHEREAS, the grantor is the owner in fee
+       simple of three certain parcels of land situate
+       in Fairfax County, Virginia, containing in the
+       aggregate 52.40897 acres of ground and being
+       shown on the Tax Map of Fairfax County on Sheet
+       30-2, Double Circle One, Parcel 40, and Sheet
+       30-2, Double Circle One, Parcel 41, and Sheet
+       30-2, Double Circle One, Parcel 46A, having
+       acquired said property by deeds recorded in Deed
+       Book 1097 at Page 32, Deed Book 1041 at Page 123,
+       Deed Book 1322 at Page 456, and Deed Book 1322 at
+       Page 453, of the land records of the County of
+       Fairfax; and
+
+            WHEREAS, the grantor desires to join in and
+       participate in the maintenance of the character
+       of the land described herein as open space land
+       with scenic, historical and recreational value
+       and to protect in perpetuity the mansion known as
+       "Salona".
+
+            NOW, THEREFORE THIS DEED OF EASEMENT
+       WITNESSETH THAT for and in consideration of the
+       foregoing provisions and of the following terms
+       and conditions, grantor does hereby grant and
+       convey unto the County two separate easements,
+       one a perpetual or permanent easement and one a
+       temporary easement for at least a ten year
+       period, both hereinafter described, over and
+       applicable to portions of the land heretofore
+       described, and further, grantor does hereby
+       covenant that he will in each particular abide by
+       the terms and conditions hereof and will execute
+       such further assurances and/or do such other
+       things as may reasonably be necessary to ensure
+       that any successor in interest to the land herein
+       described will also abide by the terms and
+       conditions of these easements as hereinafter set
+       out.
+
+            These easements are expressly covenanted by
+       the grantor to run with the land and are not
+       personal to him, and shall be binding upon any
+       and all successors in interest to all or any part
+       of the interests in the land herein described
+       which may be now held or hereafter acquired by
+       the grantor.
+
+            There shall be made no use of the land
+       herein described save and except in accord with
+       the terms and conditions of these easements, and
+       no structure shall be erected thereon or
+       vegetation destroyed or altered, except in accord
+       with these said terms and conditions, provided,
+       however, that these terms and conditions may be
+       amended at any time by an instrument signed by
+       the grantor or his successor in interest and by
+       the County and recorded among the land records of
+       the said County.
+
+  I. Terms and conditions of the Permanent Easement
+     (Easement in Perpetuity)
+
+     A. Uses permitted under the permanent easement shall
+     be:
+
+            1. Agriculture, including the tilling of
+            soil, raising of crops, raising of livestock
+            and poultry, and the maintenance and
+            operation of dairies, mills, hatcheries,
+            and/or other processing operations serving
+            and required by the crops and/or livestock
+            or poultry grown or raised upon the land
+            described herein only.
+
+            2. Nurseries, greenhouses, forestry, and
+            horticultural enterprises, and the sale of
+            the products of such uses, limited to sale of
+            products grown on the land described herein.
+
+            3. Water conservation, water supply, flood
+            and drainage control, and impounding
+            facilities.
+
+            4. The single family dwelling, known as the
+            "Salona" mansion and outbuildings and
+            facilities, appurtenant thereto, whether or
+            not occupied by grantor. Professional
+            practice or medicine, dentistry, law, real
+            estate or insurance sales, architecture, art
+            or music instruction, engineering or land
+            surveying, by an actual bona-fide resident of
+            such dwelling is permitted.
+
+  B. Uses, structures and acts expressly prohibited:
+
+            1. No building or other structure under the
+            permanent easement shall hereafter be
+            erected or allowed to remain upon the land
+            herein described, provided that buildings
+            and structures existing at the date of
+            execution hereof, and additions thereto
+            which do not increase grade level floor area
+            by more than one hundred percent shall be
+            permitted, and that small outbuildings and
+            recreational facilities, including a
+            swimming pool, may be constructed not closer
+            than 200 feet to the mansion house known as
+            "Salona".
+
+            2. The mansion house known as "Salona" as
+            such structure exists at the date of the
+            execution of this instrument, shall not be
+            razed, demolished, moved or relocated until
+            such action is approved by the Board of
+            County Supervisors acting upon the advice of
+            the Architectural Review Board as provided
+            for in Section 30-2A.2 of the Code of Fairfax
+            County or until such structure becomes
+            uninhabitable or demolished through fire,
+            storm or similar natural calamity.
+
+            3. No commercial or industrial use shall be
+            commenced or allowed to continue, unless
+            expressly permitted in (A) above or in any
+            duly executed and recorded amendment hereof.
+
+            4. No sign, billboard, or other display shall
+            be erected or allowed to remain on the
+            property described herein, provided, that one
+            sign of a size not greater than 25 square
+            feet advertising the sale of the property or
+            the products or activities available thereon
+            may be erected.
+
+            5. No major grading or topographic change
+            shall be accomplished except by express
+            permission, in writing, from the Director of
+            County Development of Fairfax County, or the
+            successor to his duties. Such permission
+            shall only be granted in accordance with a
+            grading plan prepared by or at the direction
+            of the grantor or his successor in interest
+            and approved by Fairfax County. Major grading
+            shall be deemed to mean any grading performed
+            by machine, other than hand-operated
+            machines.
+
+            6. No trees or shrubbery over 8 inches in
+            diameter measured 5 feet above ground shall
+            be cut down or removed except by express
+            permission, in writing, from the Director of
+            County Development of Fairfax County, or the
+            successor to his duties, provided, however,
+            that management of existing trees, shrubs or
+            other vegetation, including trimming and
+            removal, may be accomplished in accord with
+            accepted professional practice at the time
+            such work is performed, without such
+            permission.
+
+  II. Terms and conditions of the temporary easement.
+
+      A. Uses permitted under the temporary easement
+      shall be:
+
+            1. Agriculture, including the tilling of
+            soil, raising of crops, raising of livestock
+            and poultry, and the maintenance and
+            operation of dairies, mills, hatcheries,
+            and/or other processing operations serving
+            and required by the crops and/or livestock
+            or poultry grown or raised upon the land
+            described herein only.
+
+            2. Nurseries, greenhouses, forestry, and
+            horticultural enterprises, and the sale of
+            the products of such uses, limited, however,
+            to sale of products grown on the land
+            described herein.
+
+            3. Recreation, including, but not limited to,
+            camping, picnicking, boating, fishing,
+            swimming, horseback riding, golf courses
+            (excluding miniature golf), driving ranges,
+            and other similar outdoor activities, whether
+            operated commercially or privately.
+
+            4. Water conservation, water supply, flood
+            and drainage control, and impoundment
+            facilities.
+
+            5. Three single family dwellings not more
+            than 40 feet in height and related
+            outbuildings, facilities and access roads,
+            whether or not occupied by grantor, on lots
+            of not less than one acre, including such
+            grading and removal of trees and shrubbery as
+            may be desirable or necessary in connection
+            therewith. Professional practice of medicine,
+            dentistry, law, real estate or insurance
+            sales, architecture, art or music
+            instruction, engineering or land surveying,
+            by an actual bona-fide resident of such
+            dwelling is permitted.
+
+  B. Uses, structures and acts under the temporary
+  easement expressly prohibited:
+
+            1. No building or other structure, except as
+            permitted in Paragraph IIA5 above, shall
+            hereafter be erected or allowed to remain
+            upon the land herein described, provided
+            that buildings and structures existing at
+            the date of execution hereof, and additions
+            thereto which do not increase grade level
+            floor area by more than one hundred percent
+            shall be permitted.
+
+            2. No commercial or industrial use shall be
+            commenced or allowed to continue, unless
+            expressly permitted in (A) above or in any
+            duly executed and recorded amendment hereof.
+
+            3. No sign, billboard, or other display shall
+            be erected or allowed to remain on the
+            property described herein, provided, that one
+            sign of a size not greater than 25 square
+            feet advertising the sale of the property or
+            the products or activities available thereon
+            may be erected adjacent to each separate
+            public street upon which the land described
+            herein has frontage.
+
+            4. No major grading or topographic change
+            shall be accomplished except by express
+            permission, in writing, from the Director of
+            County Development of Fairfax County, or the
+            successor to his duties. Such permission
+            shall only be granted by reference to a
+            grading plan prepared by or at the direction
+            of the grantor or his successor in interest.
+            Major grading shall be deemed to mean any
+            grading performed by machine, other than
+            hand-operated machines.
+
+            5. No trees or shrubbery over 8 inches in
+            diameter measured 5 feet above ground shall
+            be cut down or removed except by express
+            permission, in writing, from the Director of
+            County Development of Fairfax County, or the
+            successor to his duties, provided, however,
+            that management of existing trees, shrubs or
+            other vegetation, including trimming and
+            removal, may be accomplished in accord with
+            accepted professional practice at the time
+            such work is performed, without such
+            permission.
+
+  III. Description of Easements Conveyed
+
+            1. The land subject to the rights and
+            restrictions imposed herein for perpetuity
+            (permanent easement) is described as
+            follows: 8.09917 acres in and around the
+            mansion house, "Salona", being a portion of
+            the 52.40897 acres heretofore mentioned and
+            more particularly described in a survey by
+            Northern Virginia Survey as follows:
+
+                 Beginning at an iron pipe marking the
+                 Southeast corner of Lot 9, Section 4,
+                 Salona Village, said point of beginning
+                 being in the North Right of Way line of
+                 Sothron Street; thence through the
+                 land of DuVal. N. 74° 46' 20" E. 630.00
+                 feet to a point; thence S. 15° 13' 40"
+                 E. 560.00 feet to a point; thence S.
+                 74° 46' 20" W. 630.00 feet to a point
+                 in the East line of lot 10; thence with
+                 the East line of lot 10, and continuing
+                 through the land of DuVal, N. 15° 13'
+                 40" W. 560.00 feet to the point and
+                 place of beginning containing 8.09917
+                 acres of land.
+
+            2. The land subject to the rights and
+            restrictions imposed hereby for a period of
+            at least ten (10) years (temporary easement)
+            is described as follows: 44.30980 acres of
+            the approximately 52 acres of land
+            heretofore mentioned more particularly
+            described in a survey by Northern Virginia
+            Surveys as follows:
+
+                 Beginning at a point marking the
+                 Intersection of the West line of
+                 Buchanan Street (50' Right of Way) and
+                 the South line of Sothron Street (50'
+                 Right of Way); thence with the South
+                 line of Sothron Street N. 70° 02' 30"
+                 E. 25.00 feet to a point; thence with
+                 the West line of Salona Village,
+                 section 6, S. 19° 57' 30" E. 1728.67
+                 feet to a point; thence with the North
+                 line of Salona Village, section 8, N.
+                 53° 30' 40" W. 499.41 feet to a point;
+                 thence S. 75° 00' 00" W. 320.00 feet to
+                 a point; thence N. 77° 35' 20" W. 11.81
+                 feet to a point; thence with the land
+                 of Goralski N. 7° 35' 20" W. 267.78
+                 feet to a point; thence S. 82° 24' 40"
+                 W. 186.24 feet to a point; thence S. 7°
+                 35' 20" E. 200.00 feet; thence
+                 continuing with the North line of
+                 Salona Village, section 8, S. 82° 24'
+                 40" W. 276.00 feet to a point; thence
+                 with the East lines of Salona Village,
+                 section 4, N. 15° 13' 40" W. 758.50
+                 feet to a point; thence S. 74° 46' 20"
+                 W. 200.00 feet to a point; thence N.
+                 15° 13' 40" W. 444.90 feet to a point;
+                 thence N. 74° 46' 20" E. 200.00 feet to
+                 a point; thence N. 15° 13' 40" W.
+                 976.54 feet to a point; thence with the
+                 South line of Dolly Madison Blvd. (Rt.
+                 123) N. 70° 33' 40" E. 722.74 feet to a
+                 concrete Right of Way monument; thence
+                 N. 76° 19' 10" E. 100.70 feet to a
+                 concrete Right of Way monument; thence
+                 S. 53° 23' 00" E. 25.79 feet to a
+                 point; thence with the West line of
+                 Buchanan Street, S. 19° 57' 30" E.
+                 1021.16 feet to the point and place of
+                 beginning containing 52.40897 acres of
+                 land.
+
+                 Excepting therefrom all that piece of
+                 property more particularly described
+                 above as the land subject to the
+                 "permanent easement" containing 8.09917
+                 acres of land.
+
+  IV.    Termination of the rights, title, and interest
+         of the County in the land herein described, acquired
+         under the provisions of the temporary easement
+         shall occur under, and only under, one of
+         the following provisions:
+
+          1. By deed of release and vacation of this
+          easement executed by the County, accepted by
+          grantor or his successor in interest, and
+          recorded as provided by law.
+
+          2. Immediately upon the filing by the County,
+          or by any other body, public or private, or a
+          condemnation action seeking property rights in
+          the land described herein or any part thereof.
+
+          3. Ninety days after the date of death of a
+          grantor.
+
+          4. Ten years from the date of this instrument;
+          provided, however, that the temporary easement
+          shall continue thereafter unless otherwise
+          terminated as set out above or unless and until
+          terminated by either party by the service upon
+          the other party by certified mail of a written
+          90 day notice of termination to be effected by
+          the recordation among the land records of
+          Fairfax County of a properly executed deed of
+          release and vacation of said temporary easement
+          which stipulates that the above mentioned
+          90-day notice had been sent as required.
+
+  V.    Termination of the rights, title and interest of
+        the County in the land herein described acquired
+        under the provisions of the permanent easement
+        shall occur, and only under, the following provisions:
+
+          1. By deed of release and vacation of this
+          easement executed by the County, accepted by
+          grantor or his successor in interest, and
+          recorded as provided by law.
+
+          2. Immediately upon the filing by the County,
+          or by any other body, public or private, of a
+          condemnation action seeking property rights in
+          the land described herein or any part thereof.
+
+  VI.   Future Density Determination
+
+              If at any time the temporary easement is
+          terminated as set out above and the 8.09917
+          acres subject to the permanent easement is
+          included in any Deed of Subdivision and
+          Dedication for the development of the 44.30980
+          acres previously subject to the temporary
+          easement, the County of Fairfax, by its
+          acceptance of this Deed of Easement agrees to
+          include acreage of the permanent easement in
+          the computation of the density to be permitted
+          in the development of the acreage previously
+          subject to the temporary easement.
+
+  VII.  Definitions of terms
+
+          1. "Grantor" shall be deemed to be singular or
+          plural, male or female, as the context may
+          require.
+
+          2. "Successor in interest" shall be deemed to
+          be singular or plural, male or female, as the
+          context may require; where an act is required
+          to be performed or the instrument is required
+          to be executed, this term shall be deemed to
+          mean all of the successors to all of the
+          interests of all of the grantors.
+
+          3. The parties hereto express their intent to
+          effectuate the purposes of the Open Space Land
+          Act (Chap. 13, Title 10, Code of Va. 1950
+          Amended), and to that end consent to such
+          constructions of terms not otherwise defined
+          above as will accomplish such purpose.
+
+       IN WITNESS of all of which, the parties hereto
+  have set their hands and seals and acknowledged the
+  execution hereof:
+
+  SEAL                        ____________________(LS)
+
+  ATTEST:___________          ____________________(LS)
+
+                              Clive L. DuVal, 2d
+                           s/
+                              Susan B. DuVal    (LS)
+                              ______________________
+                               Grantors
+
+  STATE OF VIRGINIA
+                     to-wit:
+  COUNTY OF FAIRFAX
+
+       This 29 day of December, 1970, appeared before me
+  in my State and County aforesaid Clive L. DuVal 2nd
+  and Susan B. DuVal, and ____________, whose names are
+  signed above as grantors, and acknowledged the said
+  signatures as theirs.
+
+                                  Mary Ellen Stears
+                                  __________________
+                                  Notary Public
+
+         My commission expires:   My commission expires August
+                                    18, 1974
+
+                                  COUNTY OF FAIRFAX, VIRGINIA
+
+                                  By G. J. Kelley, Jr.
+                                     ______________________
+                                        County Executive
+
+  Attest: Edna Bicksler
+  _____________________
+       Clerk
+
+  STATE OF VIRGINIA
+                     to-wit:
+  COUNTY OF FAIRFAX
+
+       This 24th day of March, 1971, appeared before me
+  in my County and State aforesaid, George J. Kelley,
+  Jr. and acknowledged his signature affixed above as
+  his, and further, having been first duly sworn, made
+  oath that he is authorized by the Board of Supervisors
+  of Fairfax County, Virginia, to execute this
+  instrument on behalf of said County.
+
+                         Hazel C. Shear
+                       ________________________
+                          Notary Public
+
+  My commission expires: Jan. 31, 1972
+
+       In the Clerk's Office of the Circuit
+       Court of Fairfax County, Virginia
+       APR 8, 1971 at 12:39 PM This instrument
+       was received and, with the
+       certificate annexed, admitted to
+       record
+           Teste:
+
+              W. Franklin Gooding          Clerk
+
+
+
+
+LIST OF SOURCES
+
+
+Books
+
+American Genealogical Research Institute. _History of the Carter
+Family._ Washington, D.C.: 1972.
+
+Arnett, Ethel Stephens. _Mrs. James Madison: The Incomparable Dolley._
+Greensboro, N.C.: Piedmont Press, 1972.
+
+Brant, Irving. _James Madison: Commander in Chief, 1812-1836._
+Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill, 1961.
+
+Brockett, F. L. _The Lodge of Washington._ Alexandria, Va.: George E.
+French, c. 1875.
+
+Clark, Allan C. _Life and Letters of Dolly Madison._ W. F. Roberts
+Co., 1914.
+
+Commonwealth of Virginia. _Manual of the Senate and House of
+Delegates._ Richmond, Va.: Department of Purchasing and Supply, 1978.
+
+Fairfax County Office of Comprehensive Planning. _Fairfax County in
+Virginia: Selections from Some Rare Sources._ Fairfax, Va.: Office of
+Comprehensive Planning, 1974.
+
+Gamble, Robert S. _Sully: The Biography of a House._ Chantilly, Va.:
+The Sully Foundation, Ltd., 1973.
+
+Gillespie, Franklin B. _A Brief History of the Lewinsville
+Presbyterian Church._ n.d.
+
+Hall, Florence Howe. _The Story of the Battle Hymn of the Republic._
+Freeport, N.Y.: Books for Libraries Press, reprint 1971.
+
+Hammett, Regina Combs. _History of St. Mary's County, Maryland._
+Ridge, Md.: by the author, 1977.
+
+Harrison, Fairfax. _Landmarks of Old Prince William._ Berryville, Va.:
+Reprint, Chesapeake Book Company, 1964.
+
+Johns, John H. _History of the Rock Presbyterian Church of Cecil
+County, Md._ Oxford, Pa.: Oxford Press, 1872.
+
+Klapthor, Margaret Brown and Brown, Paul Dennis. _History of Charles
+County, Maryland._ La Plata: Charles County Tercentennary Committee,
+1958.
+
+Langford, Laura Carter Holloway. _Ladies of the White House; or in the
+Home of the Presidents Being a Complete History of the Social and
+Domestic Lives of the Presidents from Washington to Hayes, 1789-1880._
+Philadelphia, Pa.: Bradley, 1880.
+
+Lee, Edmund Jennings. _Lee of Virginia, 1642-1892._ Philadelphia: By
+the author, 1895.
+
+Lee, Gardner Cazenove, Jr. _Lee Chronicle._ New York: New York
+University Press, 1957.
+
+Lloyd, Alan. _The Scorching of Washington._ Washington, D.C.: R. B.
+Luce, 1975.
+
+Lord, Walter. _Dawn's Early Light._ New York: W. W. Norton Co., 1972.
+
+Mackall, Sarah Somervell. _Early Days of Washington._ Washington,
+D.C.: By the author, 1899.
+
+Mitchell, Beth. _Beginning at a White Oak: Patents and Northern Neck
+Grants of Fairfax County._ Fairfax, Va.: Office of Comprehensive
+Planning, 1977.
+
+Morrison, A. J. _The Beginnings of Public Education in Virginia,
+1776-1860._ Richmond, Va.: Virginia State Board of Education, 1917.
+
+Netherton, Nan, Sweig, Donald, Artemel, Janice, Hickin, Patricia, and
+Reed, Patrick. _Fairfax County, Virginia: A History._ Fairfax, Va.:
+Fairfax County Board of Supervisors, 1978.
+
+Newman, Harry Wright. _The Smoots of Maryland and Virginia._
+Washington, D.C.: By the author, 1936.
+
+Powell, Mary G. _History of Old Alexandria, Va._ Richmond, Va.:
+William Byrd Press, 1928.
+
+Rafuse, Diane. _Maplewood._ Fairfax, Va.: Office of Planning, 1970.
+
+Randolph, Robert Carter. _The Carter Tree._ Richmond, Va.: By the
+author, 1951.
+
+Steadman, Melvin. _Falls Church by Fence and Fireside._ Falls Church,
+Va.: Falls Church Public Library, 1964.
+
+Stetson, Charles W. _Washington and His Neighbors._ Richmond, Va.:
+Garrett & Massie, Inc., 1956.
+
+Virginia General Assembly. _Register of the General Assembly from
+1619-1976._ Richmond, Va.: Virginia General Assembly, 1978.
+
+Washington, George. _The Writings of George Washington, 1749-1799._
+John C. Fitzpatrick, ed. Washington, D.C.: United States Government
+Printing Office, 1941.
+
+Woodward, Evan Morrison. _Our Campaign._ Philadelphia: J. E. Potter
+Co., 1865.
+
+Works Projects Administration, Writers' Program. _Virginia, a Guide to
+the Old Dominion._ New York: Oxford University Press, 1941.
+
+
+Periodicals and Newspapers
+
+_Alexandria Gazette_, December 24, 1799; January 30, 1800; February
+10, 1800; November 4, 1801; January 8, 1802; April 30, 1802; February
+21, 1803; May 7, 1803; November 11, 18, 1811; August 18, 1812.
+
+Fairfax County _Free Press Newspapers_, September 29, 1966.
+
+Fairfax County _Sun-Echo_, January 15, 1965.
+
+_Globe_, May 14, 1970.
+
+Historical Society of Fairfax County, Virginia. _Yearbook_, Fairfax,
+Va.: Historical Society, 1971.
+
+McLean _Providence Journal_, April 29, 1960; February 11, 1977.
+
+"The Rambler," _Sunday Star_, August 2, 1914.
+
+_Washington Post_, April 23, 1961.
+
+_Washington Star_, May 20, 1932; March 18, 1965.
+
+
+Public Records
+
+Fairfax County, Virginia, Deed Book, J-2; V-2; Z-2; C-3; G-3; J-3;
+T-3; 635; 1041; 1097; 1322; 3418; 4159.
+
+Fairfax County Ordinance of Secession, Lewinsville Precinct, #18, May
+23, 1861. Fairfax County Courthouse, and copy, Virginia Room, Fairfax
+County Central Library.
+
+Fairfax County Personal Property Tax Records, 1805.
+
+Fairfax County, Virginia, Personal Property Tax Books, 1812-1843.
+Microfilm, Virginia State Library, Archives Division.
+
+Fairfax County Real Property Tax Books, 1790-1813. Virginia State
+Library, Archives Division.
+
+Fairfax County, Virginia, Real and Personal Property Tax Assessments,
+1854-1900. Virginia State Library, Archives Division.
+
+Fairfax County, Virginia, Will Book H; I; J; K; L; N; Q.
+
+Fairfax County Census, 1810, #284.
+
+Virginia Mutual Assurance Society records, Virginia State Library,
+Richmond, Virginia.
+
+
+Unpublished Materials
+
+Alexandria Academy Minutes, Board of Trustees. April, 1795; March,
+1804.
+
+Alexandria Library Company Minutes. 1801, 1802, 1803, 1804.
+
+Artemel, Janice G. A Preliminary Survey of the Literature on James
+Wren. Unpublished study. Falls Church, Virginia.
+
+Letter from Dr. Benjamin Franklin Cooling, U.S. Army Military History
+Institute, Carlisle Barracks, Pennsylvania, to Mrs. Ross D. Netherton,
+Fairfax, Virginia. December 5, 1978. Working papers for _Salona_,
+Virginia Room, Fairfax County Central Library.
+
+DuVal family scrapbooks, Volumes I-VII, 1944-1978, Salona.
+
+Interviews with Susan and Clive DuVal by the author.
+
+Interview with Susan and Clive DuVal, January 11, 1979, by Nan
+Netherton.
+
+James Jarboe Papers. Manuscript Collection, Maryland Historical
+Society, Baltimore.
+
+Letter to the author from Ruth B. Lee, librarian of the Historical
+Foundation of the Presbyterian and Reformed Church, Montreat, N.C.
+March 29, 1977.
+
+Letter from Ann B. Maffitt, dated July 22, 1828, to Col. George W.
+Hunter. Copy in _Salona_ working papers, Virginia Room, Fairfax County
+Public Library. Manuscripts Division, Alderman Library, University of
+Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia.
+
+Letter from Harriotte Maffitt to George Turberville, July 13, 1819.
+Copy provided by Henry and Douglass Mackall from original in
+possession of George Turberville of Manassas.
+
+Interviews with Peter Maffitt by the author.
+
+Ludwell Lee Montague letter to Eleanor Lee Templeman, May 4, 1969.
+
+Old Presbyterian Meeting House, Alexandria, Baptismal Records.
+
+Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, Minutes of the
+General Assembly. 1798; 1808; 1809; 1814; 1824.
+
+Letter from Ann Calvert (Stuart) Robinson to Elizabeth Collins Lee,
+October 19, 1806. Lee Family Papers, Section II, Richard Bland Lee,
+Virginia Historical Society.
+
+Interviews with Smoot family members by the author.
+
+Interview with John D. K. Smoot, by Nan Netherton, January 18, 1979.
+
+Letter from the University of Delaware to the author, April 4, 1977.
+Working papers, Virginia Room, Fairfax County Central Library.
+
+Letter from William C. Woodbridge (director of The Asylum) to the
+Reverend William Maffitt, September 21, 1820. Copy provided by Henry
+and Douglass Mackall from original in possession of George Turberville
+of Manassas.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of Project Gutenberg's Salona, Fairfax County, Virginia, by Ellen Anderson
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 40662 ***