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diff --git a/42780.txt b/42780.txt deleted file mode 100644 index bd01dfe..0000000 --- a/42780.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3446 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Notes and Queries, Number 139, June 26, 1852, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 139, June 26, 1852 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42780] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - - -Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they -are listed at the end of the text. - - * * * * * - - -{601} - -NOTES AND QUERIES: - -A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, -GENEALOGISTS, ETC. - -"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. - - * * * * * - - -Vol. V.--No. 139.] -SATURDAY, JUNE 26. 1852 -[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. - - * * * * * - - -CONTENTS. - - NOTES:-- Page - - Popular Stories of the English Peasantry, No. V., by - T. Sternberg 601 - - Dr. Thomas Morell's Copy of H. Stephens' Edition of - Aeschylus, 1557, with MSS. Notes, by Richard Hooper 604 - - On a Passage in the "Merchant of Venice," Act III. Sc. 2., - by S. W. Singer 605 - - Episode of the French Revolution, by Philip S. King 605 - - Milton indebted to Tacitus, by Thomas H. Gill 606 - - Minor Notes:--Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics"-- - Misappropriated Quotation--The God Arciacon--Gat-tothed-- - Goujere--The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines--Vellum-bound - Books 606 - - QUERIES:-- - - Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury 608 - - Bronze Medals, by John J. A. Boase 608 - - Acworth Queries 608 - - Minor Queries:--"Row the boat, Norman"--The Hereditary - Standard Bearer--Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars; - May-butter; English Guzman--Radish Feast--What Kind of - Drink is Whit?--"Felix natu," &c.--"Gutta cavat - lapidem"--Punch and Judy--Sir John Darnall--The Chevalier - St. George--Declaration of 2000 Clergymen--MS. "De - Humilitate"--MS. Work on Seals--Sir George Carew--Docking - Horses' Tails--St. Albans, William, Abbot of--Jeremy - Taylor on Friendship--Colonel or Major-General Lee-- - "Roses and all that's fair adorn" 609 - - MINOR QUERIES ANSWERED:--Donne--Dr. Evans 611 - - REPLIES:-- - - Carling Sunday; Roman Funeral Pile 611 - - Hart and Mohun 612 - - Burial without Religious Service--Burial, by Alfred Gatty 613 - - "Quod non fecerunt Barbari," &c. 614 - - Restive 614 - - Men of Kent and Kentish Men, by George R. Corner 615 - - Replies to Minor Queries:--Speculum Christianorum, &c.-- - Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire--M. Barriere - and the Quarterly Review--"I do not know what the truth - may be"--Optical Phenomena--Stoup--Seventh Son of a - Seventh Son--The Number Seven--Commentators--Banning - or Bayning Family--Tortoiseshell Tom Cat--A Tombstone - cut by Baskerville--Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c.--Rhymes - on Places--Birthplace of Josephine--The Curse of - Scotland--Waller Family--"After me the Deluge"--Sun-Dial - Motto--Lines by Lord Palmerston--Indian Jugglers--Sons - of the Conqueror--Saint Wilfrid's Needle--Frebord-- - Royd--Spy Wednesday--Book of Jasher--Stearne's - Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft--Lines on - Chaucer--Fairlop Oak--Boy Bishop at Eton--Plague Stones; - Mr. Mompesson--Raleigh's Ring--Pandecte, an entire Copy - of the Bible 616 - - MISCELLANEOUS:-- - - Notes on Books, &c. 622 - - Books and Odd Volumes wanted 622 - - Notices to Correspondents 623 - - Advertisements 623 - - * * * * * - - -Notes. - -POPULAR STORIES OF THE ENGLISH PEASANTRY, - -NO. V. - -By far the larger portion of our tales consist of those connected with the -popular mythology of elves, and giants, and bleeding trees; of witches and -their wicked doings; of frogs that _would_ go a-wooing, and got turned into -princes; and amorous princes who became frogs; of primitive rough chests -transformed into coaches; young ladies who go to bed young ladies, and get -up owls; much despised younger sons crowned kings of boundless realms; and -mediaeval tabbies getting inducted into flourishing vizierships by the mere -loss of their tails: stories, in short, of the metamorphosis of all -conceivable things into all conceivable shapes. Lest this catalogue should -frighten your readers, I at once disavow any intention of reflecting more -than a specimen. Their puerility renders them scarcely suitable to your -columns, and there is moreover such a sameness in those best worth -preserving--the fairy legends--that a single example would be amply -sufficient for our purpose of pointing out the different varieties of oral -romance. Whenever the story relates to the dealings of the fairy-folk with -mankind, the elf is almost always represented as the dupe; while, in his -transactions with rival supernaturals, he invariably comes off victorious. -Giants especially, being always of sleepy and obtuse intellect, afford a -fine field for the display of his powers; and we find him baffling their -clumsy plans, as well also as the more cunning devices of weird-sisters, in -a manner which proves him to be a worthy scion of the warlike _avenger_ of -the Sagar. The lovers of folk-lore will probably agree with me in regarding -the following tale as a choice bit of elfin history, illustrating the not -very amicable relations of the witches and the good people. No sneers, -therefore, gentle readers, but listen to the simple strain of "Fairy Jip -and Witch One-eye." - -Once upon a time, just before the monkey tribe gave up the nauseous custom -of chewing tobacco, there lived an old hag, who had conceived an inordinate -desire to eat an elf: a circumstance, by the way, which indubitably -establishes that elves were {602} of masticable solidity, and not, as some -one has it, mere - - "_Shadowry_ dancers by the summer streams." - -So the old lady went to the place where the fairies dwelt, and knocked at -the hill-top:--"Pretty little Jip!" said she; "come and see the sack of -cherries I have brought thee, _so_ large, _so_ red, _so_ sweet." Fairies, -be it known, are extremely fond of this fruit, and the elf rushed out in -eager haste. "Ha! ha!" said One-eye, as she pounced upon him, and put him -in her bag (witches always carry bags), "take care the stones don't stick -in thy throttle, my little bird." On the way home, she has to visit a place -some distance from the road, and left Jip meanwhile in the charge of a man -who was cutting faggots. No sooner was her back turned, than Jip begged the -man to let him out; and they filled the bag with thorns. One-eye called for -her burden, and set off towards home, making sure she had her dinner safe -on her back. "Ay, ay! my lad," said she, as she felt the pricking of the -thorns; "I'll trounce thee when I get home for stinging me with thy pins -and needles." When she reached her house, she belaboured the bag with a -huge stick, till she thought she had broken every bone in the elf's body; -and when she found that she had been wasting her strength upon a "kit" of -thorns, her rage knew no bounds. Next day, she again got possession of Jip -in a similar manner, and this time left him in care of a man who was -breaking stones by the road-side. The elf makes his escape as before, and -they fill the sack with stones. "Thou little rogue!" said the witch, as she -perspired under the burden; "I'll soften thy bones nigh-hand." Her appetite -was only whetted, not blunted, by these repeated failures, and despairing -of again catching her prey in the same way as before, she assumed the shape -of a pedlar with a churn on his shoulder, and contrived to meet Jip in a -wood. "Ah! Master Redcap," quoth she; "look alive, my little man, the fox -is after thee. See! here he comes: hie thee into my churn, and I will -shelter thee. Quick! quick!" In jumped the elf. "Pretty bird!" chuckled the -old Crocodile; "dost thee scent the fox?" This time she went straight home, -and gave Jip to her daughter, with strict orders that she should cut off -his noddle and boil it. When the time came for beginning the cooking, Miss -One-eye led her captive to the chopping-block, and bade him lay down his -head. "How?" quoth Jip; "I don't know how." "Like this, to be sure," said -she; and, suiting the action to the word, she put her poll in the right -position. Instantly the fairy seizes the hatchet, and serves her in the -manner she intended to serve him. Then picking up a huge pebble, he climbs -up the chimney to watch the progress of events. As he expected, the witch -came to the fire to look after her delicacy; and no sooner does she lift up -the lid of the pot, than "plop" came down Jip's pebble right into the -centre of her remaining optic, the light of which is extinguished for ever; -or, according to some versions, killed her _stone_-dead.[1] - -Some of the stories are so extremely like the German ones, that, with very -slight alterations, they would serve as translations. These, for obvious -reasons, it will not be worth while to trouble you with. Among them, I may -particularise the following from the _Kinder und Hausmaerchen_:--Hans im -Gluck: Der Frieder und das Catherlieschen; Von der Frau Fuechsin; and Van -den Nachandel-Boom. - -Modern tales of diablerie are not so uncommon as might be expected. In the -time of Chaucer, the popular belief ascribed the departure of the elves to -the great number of wandering friars who mercilessly pursued them with -bell, book, and candle; and at the present day, in the opinion of our -uneducated peasantry, the itinerant sectarian preachers are endowed with -similar attributes. The stories told of these men, and their encounters -with the powers of darkness, would fill a new Golden Legend. There is one -tale in particular which comes within our designation of "popular stories," -as is well known in almost all parts of England,--How a godly minister -falls over the company of wicked scoffing elves, and how he gets out.[2] -The last time I heard it, it was related of a preacher of the Ranting -persuasion, well known some dozen years ago in a certain district of -Warwickshire; and I prefer to give it in this localised form, as it enables -me to present your readers with "Positively the last from Fairyland." - -Providence B---- was a well-known man throughout that whole country-side. -He had made more converts than all his brethren put together, and, in the -matter of spirits and demons, would stand a comparison with Godred or -Gutlac, or, by'r Lady, St. Anthony himself. Now it fell out one day, that -Providence was sent for to the house of a wealthy yeoman to aid in -expelling an evil spirit which had long infested his daughter. I must here -remark, _en parenthese_, that scenes of this fearfully ludicrous nature are -far from unfrequent in our country districts. The besotted state of -ignorance in which a great portion of our rural population are still -enwrapt, renders them peculiarly open to the fleecing of these fanatics, -who, marvellous to relate, are almost everywhere {603} looked upon with -respect, and treated with the greatest consideration, proving incontestably -that, - - "Mad as Christians used to be - About the seventeenth century, - There's others to be had - In this the nineteenth just as bad." - -On this occasion the job proved a tough one, and it was not till a late -hour that Prov. set off on his road home. It was a pitchy dark night, and -somehow or other the preacher and his nag contrived to lose their way among -the green lanes, and it was not till they had floundered about for some -time that our hero discerned (as is usual in such cases) a light gleaming -through the thick foliage before him, which he incontinently discovers to -proceed from a solitary dwelling in the middle of the woods. _Of course_ he -dismounts, and knocks at the door; and _of course_ it was opened by a -suspicious-looking old woman in toggery which it would do Mr. James's heart -good to depict. To his request for a night's lodging, she yielded a ready -assent--too ready, Prov. thought; for it seemed from her manner as though -he had been expected. He was shown into a bed-room, and was proceeding to -divest himself of his garments, when he hears a knock at the door, and a -voice asked him to come down to supper. Prov. made answer that he didn't -want any, that he was in bed, and that moreover he was engaged at his -devotions; but presently the messenger returned, and declared that if he -did not join the company downstairs, they would come and sup with him. Poor -Prov. quaked with fright, but thought it politic to cloak his fears, so -followed the servant to the house-room, where there were a number of people -sitting round a table plentifully laden with good things. All of them were -little "shrivelled up" old men; and, as the chairman motioned Prov. to a -vacant seat, they all regarded him with a stare that made him feel the -reverse of jolly. Although he is well acquainted with the neighbourhood, he -recognises none of them. The meal proceeded in solemn silence: look which -way he would, he encounters the gaze of his companions, who appear to scowl -at him with an expression of fiendish hate. Dreadful surmises flit across -his brain. Suddenly his attention becomes directed to the posterior portion -of the gentleman next him. "By Jove! he has a tail. Yes, he has; and so has -his neighbour, and so have they all." He fancies too he can trace a -resemblance between the individual who sits at the head of the table and -the fiend of the morning's exorcism. All is now clear as a pike-staff. It -is a decided case of trepan. That dark fellow on the right has to complain -of a forcible ejection from a comfortable dwelling in the portly corpus of -Master Muggins the miller; and he on the left is the identical demon who -got into Farmer Nelson's cow, and gave our hero a world of trouble to get -him out. He is in the power of the incubi, whom he has been so long warring -against. Not a moment is to be lost, for already they are whispering -together, and the scowls get fiercer and fiercer. What is to be done? A -monk would have had recourse to his breviary; Prov. thought of his -hymn-book. "Brethren," says he, "it is usual wi' us at the heend of a feast -to ax a blessing." - -"A blessing quotha! and to _us_?" roared the fiends. "Ha! ha! Yea! yea!" -said Prov.; and _instanter_ he out with that _spirit-stirring_ stanza of -"immortal John:" - - "Jesus the name, high over all, - In hell, or earth, or sky, - Angels and men before Him fall, - And devils fear and fly!" - -Who shall depict the scene while these words were being uttered? The old -men turn all sorts of colours, from green to blue, and blue to green, and -back again to their original hue. At the last line, the uproar becomes -terrible; and, amidst shouts of fiendish wailing, the whole company resolve -themselves into a thin blue smoke, in which state they career up the -chimney, taking with them a bran new chimney-pot, and leaving behind a most -offensive odour of lucifer matches. Prov. saw no more; he fainted. - - * * * * * - -Some scandalous fellows spread abroad a report that the morning's sun -discovered our valiant vessel snugly ensconced in a dry ditch; but as he -always denounced strong waters, and was moreover a leading member of the -Steeple "United Totals," I, for one, do not believe it. From the examples -already given, I trust your readers will think with me that these old world -relics are worth preserving. I hope they will not be backward in the good -work. A few more years, and the scheme of an English work on the plan of -Grimm's will be impracticable. The romance-lore, both oral and written, -which erewhile delighted the cottager, is growing out of date. The prosy -narrative of "How John the serving-man wedded an earl's daughter, and -became a squire of high degree;" and the less placid, but still intolerably -dull feats of the "Seven Champions," have no charms for him now. He has -outgrown the old chap-book literature, and affectionates the highly -seasoned atrocities of the Old Bailey school; which, to the disgrace of the -legislature, are allowed to poison the minds of our labouring community -with their weekly broad-sheets of crime and obscenity. Even those prime old -favourites, the _Robin Hood Garland_ and _Shepherd's Kalendar_, with its -quaint letter-press and grim woodcuts, are getting out of fashion, and -beginning to be missed from their accustomed nook beside the family Bible. - -T. STERNBERG. - -{604} - -P.S. Owing to some unaccountable inadvertence, I have only just seen the -number of "N.& Q." containing the highly interesting communications of H. -B. C. and MR. STEPHENS. Will MR. STEPHENS allow me to ask him where he -procured his tale, for I agree with H. B. C. that it is "desirable to fix -the localities as nearly as possible." My version came from the -Gloucestershire side of the county. - -[Footnote 1: This story is from Northamptonshire, and by some oversight was -omitted in my _Dialect and Folk-Lore_.] - -[Footnote 2: I use the term _elves_ advisedly; for though, of course, the -creed of _rantism_ does not recognise the existence of the mere poetic -beings, yet it absolutely inculcates belief in all sorts of _bona fide_ -corporeal demons: which, like the club-footed gentry of the saintly -hermits, are nothing more than Teutonic _elfen_ in ecclesiastical -masquerade.] - - * * * * * - -DR. THOMAS MORELL'S COPY OF H. STEPHENS' EDIT. OF AESCHYLUS, 1557, WITH -MSS. NOTES. - -As your valuable paper is in the hands of scholars of every description in -every part of the world, the following communication may meet the eye, and -be of no slight interest to some of your classical readers, and, at the -same time, give a stimulus to hunters at bookstalls. Some time since, in -one of my hunts, I stumbled upon a very fine copy of Pet. Victorine's -(Vettori) edition of Aeschylus, printed by H. Stephens, 1557. I was much -gratified in finding it had belonged to the celebrated Thomas Morell, D.D., -F.R.S., F.S.A., the lexicographer, and had his book-plate and autograph. -The margins were filled with many conjectures and emendations written in -two very ancient hands, and, besides, some MSS. Scholia on the _Prometheus_ -and _Poesae_. In carefully examining them I found many were marked with the -letters (A) and (P). I remembered the present very learned Bishop of -London, in the preface to his edition of the _Choaephorae_, mentioned the -vast assistance he had received in editing that play from a copy of this -very edition of Aeschylus (H. Stephens, 1557), lent to him by Mr. Mitford, -the margins of which were similarly marked. The bishop observes these -emendations were by Auratus and Portus, two learned French scholars; and -that Mr. Mitford's volume contained several other emendations without the -signatures (A) and (P), which he, for distinction's sake, marked (Q). Now -my copy also possessed these readings marked (Q). The bishop further -observed, that the writer of the MSS. notes was a cotemporary of Casaubon's -from a remark at p. 14. of the volume. The learned bishop's description of -the volume will be found in the _Museum Criticum_, vol. ii. p. 488. I at -first imagined I had met with this identical volume; but a closer -examination proved I was mistaken, as my copy, besides all those carefully -noted by Dr. Blomfield, contained many other emendations, but had _not_ the -note at p. 14. of the _Prometheus_. Whoever was the copier or writer of the -marginal MSS. in my volume, was evidently a Frenchman, as some of the notes -are in French. The handwriting is very ancient and contracted, and has the -appearance of being of the early portion of the seventeenth century. The -most interesting part, however, of the story still remains. Dr. Thomas -Morell edited the _Prometheus_, 4to., 1773. The title is as follows: -_Aeschyli P. V. cum Stanl. Versione et Scholiis, [alpha], [beta], (et -[gamma] ineditis), &c._ Now these Scholia [gamma], which he professes to -give for the first time, I found to be those in the very ancient hand in -the margin of my volume. He frequently also gives the various marginal -readings, and styles them "Marg. MS." Moreover he occasionally adopts these -notes without any acknowledgment, especially where they throw any light on -the text. The volume then is of great curiosity and value. From a curious -note at the end of the _Prometheus_, Morell takes nine iambic lines, to -which is affixed "Ad Calcem Dramatis MS. Regii." From this it would seem -the Scholia were taken from a MS. in the Royal Library at Paris. - -We may observe then as a remarkable circumstance, that while Bishop -Blomfield was describing the copy belonging to Mr. Mitford, a similar copy, -with more notes, and of equal antiquity as to the MSS. emendations, was in -existence, and had once been in the possession of, and of much assistance -to the great Dr. Morell. Where Morell got this volume, and how he should -not have acknowledged the aid he derived from it, is a mystery. As I -mentioned before, the handwriting is far prior to Morell's day. The volume -is rendered still more interesting by its having many of Stanley's -emendations, about which such a controversy arose from the observations -made by Blomfield in his preface to the _Agamemnon_. And I am almost -induced to think it might originally have belonged to Stanley, who made a -similar use of it to what Morell did. Many of the emendations are _still -inedited_. This valuable volume, therefore, is of great interest, (1) from -the vast number of MSS. readings, and (2) from its having been formerly in -the possession of Dr. Morell, and the circumstances above mentioned. It is -a very large and clean copy of the now scarce edition of H. Stephens; and -your bibliographical readers will be astonished to hear I purchased it for -_one shilling_! I may mention I showed it to the Bishop of London and Dr. -Wordsworth, Canon of Westminster, who were both interested with it. The -latter showed me in return several volumes of MSS. collections for a new -edition of Aeschylus, made by his lamented brother the late Mr. John -Wordsworth, Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge, perhaps the profoundest -Greek scholar next to Porson the University of Cambridge ever possessed, -and who so ably reviewed Professor Scholefield's Aeschylus in the -_Philological Museum_. The classical world can never sufficiently regret -that death prevented us from receiving at his hands a first-rate edition of -this noble poet, as he had been at much pains in travelling all over the -Continent, and examining all the MSS. extant; and from his known partiality -to the author, and {605} vast learning, would doubtless have done ample -justice to his task. - -RICHARD HOOPER. - -St. Stephen's, Westminster. - - * * * * * - -ON A PASSAGE IN THE "MERCHANT OF VENICE," ACT III. SC. 2. - -The passage in which I am about to propose some verbal corrections has -already been in part examined by your correspondent A. E. B. in p. 483. of -this volume; but the points, except one, to which I advert, have not been -touched by that gentleman. The first folio reads thus: - - "Thus ornament is but the _guiled_ shore - To a most dangerous sea, the beauteous scarfe - Vailing an Indian _beautie_; In a word, - The seeming truth which cunning times put on - To intrap the wisest. Therefore then, thou gaudie gold, - Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee, - Nor none of thee, thou _pale_ and common drudge - Tweene man and man; but thou, thou meager lead, - Which rather threatnest than doth promise ought, - Thy palenesse moves me more than eloquence, - And here choose I, joy be the consequence." - -The word _guiled_ in the first line is printed _guilded_ in the second -folio, the form in which _gilded_ appears often in the old copies. I have -no doubt that this is the true reading, and it would obviate the difficulty -of supposing that Shakspeare wrote guil_ed_ for guil_ing_. - -In Henry Peacham's _Minerva Britanna_, 1612, p. 207., of _deceitful_ "court -favour" it is said: - - "She beares about a holy-water brush, - Wherewith her bountie round about she throwes - Fair promises, good wordes, and gallant showes: - Herewith a knot of _guilded_ hookes she beares," &c. - -Notwithstanding your correspondent's ingenious argument to show that -_beautie_ in the third line may be the true reading, I cannot but think -that it is a mistake of the compositor caught from _beauteous_ in the -preceding line; and that _gypsie_ was the word used by the poet, who thus -designates Cleopatra. The words in their old form might well be confused. -For "thou _pale_ and common drudge," in the seventh line, I unhesitatingly -read "thou _stale_ and common drudge;" and, by so doing, avoid the -repetition of the same epithet to silver and lead. It is evident that the -epithet applied to silver should be a depreciating one; while _paleness_ is -said to _move more than eloquence_. The following passage in _King Henry -IV._, Part I. Act III. Sc. 2. confirms this reading: - - "So _common_ hackney'd in the eyes of men, - So _stale_ and cheap." - -To obviate the repetition, Warburton altered _paleness_ to _plainness_, but -_paleness_ was the appropriate epithet for lead. Thus, Baret has, -"_Palenesse or wannesse_ like lead. Ternissure." - -And in _Romeo and Juliet_, Act II. Sc. 5., we have: - - "Unwieldly, slow, heavy and _pale as lead_." - -With these simple and, most of them, obvious corrections, I submit the -passage to the impartial consideration of those who with me think that our -immortal poet, so consummate a master of English, has been here, as -elsewhere, rendered obscure, if not absurd, by the blunders of the printer. -It will then run thus: - - "Thus ornament is but the _gilded_ shore - To a most dangerous sea: the beauteous scarf - Veiling an Indian _gipsy_; in a word, - The seeming truth which cunning times put on - To entrap the wisest. Therefore, thou gaudy gold - Hard food for Midas, I will none of thee: - Nor none of thee, thou _stale_ and common drudge - 'Tween man and man: but thou, thou meagre lead, - Which rather threat'nest than doth promise aught, - Thy paleness moves me more than eloquence, - And here choose I; joy be the consequence!" - -I may just observe, that in _Troilus and Cressida_, Act II. Sc. 2., the -quarto copies have printed _pale_ for _stale_, which is corrected in the -folio. - -S. W. SINGER. - - * * * * * - -EPISODE OF THE FRENCH REVOLUTION. - -_Mademoiselle de Sombreuil and the Glass of Blood._ - - "... In the Abbaye, Sombreuil, the venerable Governor of the Invalides, - was brought up to the table, and Maillard had pronounced the words 'a - la Force,' when the Governor's daughter, likewise a prisoner, rushed - through pikes and sabres, clasped her old father in her arms so tightly - that none could separate her from him, and made such piteous cries and - prayers that some were touched. She vowed that her father was no - aristocrat, that she herself hated aristocrats. But to put her to a - further proof, or to indulge their bestial caprices, the ruffians - presented to her a cup full of blood, and said 'Drink! drink of the - blood of the aristocrats, and your father shall be saved!' The lady - took the horrible cup, and drank and the monsters kept their promise." - -Thus, in relating the massacres of September, writes the author of Knight's -_Pictorial Hist. of Engl._ (Reign of Geo. III., vol. iii. p. 160.); and -thus tradition has handed down to us this most horrible episode of the -first French revolution; one which made so deep an impression on my own -mind, that the scene was always uppermost whenever the atrocities committed -during that eventful period of French history were under consideration. -This impression, I am glad to say, has now been removed by M. Granier de -Cassagnac, who (_Histoire du Directoire_) states that the tradition is not -founded on fact; and as it is the first denial of the event which has come -under my notice, I send you the substance of the evidence which M. de -Cassagnac brings forward in support of his statement:-- {606} - -1. The Marquise de Fausse-Lendry, in her work, _Quelques-uns des Fruits -amers de la Revolution_, does not make any allusion to the fact, although -she was in the same chamber with Mlle. de Sombreuil, and relates her heroic -devotion to her father. - -2. Peltier, who was in Paris at the time, and published his _Histoire de la -Revolution du 10 Aout_ early in 1793, does not say a word as to the -occurrence. - -3. The report of Piette, which was drawn up in Mlle. de Sombreuil's favour, -and from details supplied by herself, is completely silent on the matter. - -4. Being arrested with her father, and her younger brother, Mlle. de -Sombreuil was taken to the Prison de la Bourbe on the 31st of December, -1793. One of the prisoners thus notices the event in his journal: - - "Du 11 Nivose, an II. - - "L'on amena aussi a famille Sombreuil, le pere, le fils, et la fille: - tout le monde sait que cette courageuse citoyenne se precipita, dans - les journees du mois de Septembre, entre son pere et le fer des - assassins, et parvint a l'arracher de leurs mains. Depuis, sa tendresse - n'avait fait que s'accroitre, et il n'est sorte de soins qu'elle ne - prodiguat a son pere, malgre les horribles convulsions qui la - tourmentaient tous les mois, pendant trois jours, depuis cette - lamentable epoque. Quand elle parut au salon, tous les yeux se fixerent - sur elle et se remplirent de larmes."--_Tableau des Prisons de Paris - sous Robespierre_, p. 93. - -Here again, not a word about the glass of blood, although the narrative was -written at no very distant period from the occurrences of September. - -Maton de la Varennes, in his _Hist. particuliere des Evenemens_, written -subsequent to the events of Fructidor, year V., is enthusiastic in his -praise of Mlle. de S.'s devotion; but says not a word as to the horrible -sacrifice by which she is represented to have purchased her father's life. - -The tradition is found for the first time in print in a note to Legouve's -_Merite des Femmes_, which appeared in 1801; and the subject has been -consecrated by the pen of the exiled poet Victor Hugo, in an ode to Mlle. -de Sombreuil. Since then M. Thiers, without further looking into the -matter, has given place to it in his _Hist. de la Revolut. Francaise_: - -Victor Hugo's lines are the following:-- - - "S'elancant au travers des armes: - --Mes amis, respectez ses jours! - --Crois-tu nous flechir par tes larmes? - --Oh! je vous benirai toujours! - C'est sa fille qui vous implore; - Rendez-le moi; qu'il vive encore! - --Vois-tu le fer deja leve; - Crains d'irriter notre colere; - Et si tu veux sauver ton pere, - Bois ce sang....--Mon pere est sauve!" - -The subsequent history of this unfortunate family was this. M. de Sombreuil -and his youngest son perished on the scaffold, the 10th June, 1794. The -elder brother, Charles de Sombreuil, was shot at Vannes in June, 1795, -after the Quiberon expedition. Leaving prison and France, after the 9th -Thermidor, Mlle. de S. married an emigrant, the Comte de Villelume, who, -under the Restoration, became governor of the Invalides at Avignon, at -which place she died in 1823. - -PHILIP S. KING. - - * * * * * - -MILTON INDEBTED TO TACITUS. - -There is perhaps nothing in "Lycidas" which has so commended itself to the -memory and lips of men, as that exquisite strain of tender regret and -pathetic despondency in which occur the lines-- - - "Fame is the spur which the clear spirit doth raise - (That last infirmity of noble mind) - To scorn delights, and live laborious days." - -It is with no desire to impair our admiration of these noble lines that I -would ask, if that graceful glorifying of Fame as "the last infirmity of -noble minds" was not suggested by the profound remark of Tacitus, in his -character of the stoical republican, Helvidius Priscus (_Hist._, l. iv. c. -6.): - - "Erant, quibus appetentior famae videretur, quando etiam sapientibus - cupido gloriae novissima exuitur." - -The great Englishman has condensed and intensified the expression of the -concise and earnest Roman. This is one of those delightful obligations -which repay themselves: Milton has more than returned the favour of the -borrowed thought by lending it a heightened expression. - -THOMAS H. GILL. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Notes. - -_Note by Warton on Aristotle's "Poetics."_--Some of your correspondents -having expressed a wish that the MS. remarks of eminent scholars, when met -with by your readers, might be communicated to the world through your -pages, I beg to send you the following observations, signed _J. Warton_, -which I have found on the blank leaf of a copy of Aristotle's _Poetics_ -(edit. of Ruddimannos, Edinb. 1731):-- - - "To attempt to understand poetry without having diligently digested - this treatise, would be as absurd and impossible as to pretend to a - skill in geometry without having studied Euclid. The fourteenth, - fifteenth, and sixteenth chapters, wherein he has pointed out the - properest methods of exciting terror and pity, convince us that he was - intimately acquainted with those objects which most forcibly affect the - heart. The prime excellence of this precious treatise is the scholastic - precision and philosophical clearness with which the subject is - handled, without any address to {607} the passions or imagination. It - is to be lamented that the part of the Poeticks in which he has given - precepts for comedy did not likewise descend to posterity." - -A considerable number of notes, in the same handwriting, are also in the -volume. - -J. M. - -Oxford. - -_Misappropriated Quotation._--I have heard the following passage of Lord -Bacon's, Essay VIII., and by a Cambridge D.D. too, so far as the word -"fortune," attributed to Paley: - - "He that hath a wife and children hath given hostages to fortune, for - they are impediments to great enterprises. The best works of the - greatest merit for the public have proceeded from unmarried and - childless men." - -B. B. - -_The God Arciacon._--In a _Descriptive Account of the Antiquities in the -Grounds and in the Museum of the Yorkshire Philosophical Society_, drawn up -by the learned Curator of the antiquities, at page 20. I find the following -inscription and explanation:-- - - "N. III. An altar recently discovered in the rubble foundation, under - one of the pillars of the church of St. Dionis, Walmgate, York. It is - inscribed: - - DEO - ARCIACON - ET N. AVG. SI - MAT. VITALIS - ORD V. S. LM. - - Which may be read thus: DEO Arciacon et Numini Augusti Simatius Vitalis - Ordovix Votum solvit libens merito, _i.e._ To the God Arciacon and to - the Divinity of Augustus, Simatius Vitalis, one of the Ordovices, - discharges his vow willingly, deservedly--namely, by dedicating this - altar. There is nothing in this inscription to indicate its date, or - the Emperor to whose divinity, in part, the altar is dedicated. The god - Arciacon, whose name occurs in no other inscription, was probably one - of those local deities to whom the Roman legions were so prone to pay - religious reverence, especially if in the attributes ascribed to them - they bore any resemblance to the gods of their own country. If the - reading and interpretation of ORD be right, Vitalis was a Briton; and - Arciacon may have been a deity acknowledged by the Ordovices, who - occupied the northern parts of Wales." - -In the name ARCIACON I fancy that I see in a Latinized form the British -words ARCH IACHAWR, _i.e._ the Supreme Healer. _Arch_ has the same meaning -in Welsh as it has in the English and several other languages. In -combination it is shortened to _Ar_, as in Yr Arglwdd Dduw, the Lord God. -My conjecture is, that the Britons may have worshipped a God whose -attributes resembled those of the Aesculapius of the Greeks. I hope that -some of the contributors to "N. & Q." will be so kind as to give some -information on this subject. - -[Inverted hand symbol] - -_Gat-tothed._--I do not know whether this mysterious word in the -description of the "Wife of Bath[3]," has been satisfactorily explained -since the time of Tyrwhitt; but perhaps the following passage may suggest a -new reading in addition to "cat-tothed" and "gap-tothed," which he gives in -his note on _Canterbury Tales_, p. 470.: - - "The Doctor deriveth his pedigree from Grono ap Heylyn, who descended - from Brocknel Skythrac, one of the princes of Powis-land, in whose - family was ever observed that one of them had a _gag_-tooth, and the - same was a notable omen of good fortune."--Barnard's _Life of Heylyn_, - p. 75., reprinted in _Heyl. Hist. Ref._ Eccl. Hist. Soc., 1. xxxii. - -Query, What was a _gag-tooth_? The "Wife" herself says, - - "Gat-tothed I was, and that became my wele, - I hold the print of Seinte Venus sele."--6185-6. - -J. C. R. - -[Footnote 3: "Bath" corrected from "Both"--Transcriber.] - -_Goujere._--The usage of this word by Shakspeare (in the Second Part of -_Henry IV._) is another proof that he took refuge in Cornwall, when he fled -from the scene of his deerstalking danger. The _Goujere_ is the old Cornish -name of the Fiend, or the Devil; and is still in use among the folk words -of the West. - -C. E. H. MORWENSTOW. - -_The Ten Commandments in Ten Lines._--In looking over the Registers of the -Parish of Laneham, Notts, last April, I discovered on one of the leaves the -Commandments with the above title. It is signed "Richard Christian, 1689:" -he was vicar at that time. - - "Have thou no other Gods Butt me. - Unto no Image bow thy knee - Take not the name of God in vain - Doe not thy Sabboth day profaine - Honour thy ffather and Mother too - And see y^t thou no murder doo - ffrom vile Adultry keep the cleane - And Steale not tho thy state be meane - Bear no ffalse Witness, shun y^t Blott - What is thy neighbour's Couet not. - - Whrite these thy Laws Lord in my heart - And Lett me not from them depart." - -S. WISWOULD. - -_Vellum-bound Books._--In a list of thirty books printed for T. Carnan and -F. Newbery, and issued in 1773, I find the phrase _two volumes bound in one -in the vellum manner_ in seven instances; also, _four volumes bound in two -in the vellum manner_; and, _six volumes bound in three in the vellum -manner_. In other cases we have only the word _bound_ or _sewed_. I have a -suspicion that the phrase _in the vellum manner_ may have some obsolete -meaning; and submit this note to the consideration of those who are in -search of a _vellum-bound Junius_. - -BOLTON CORNEY. - -{608} - - * * * * * - - -Queries. - -THOMAS GILL, THE BLIND MAN OF ST. EDMUNDSBURY. - -Putting in order this morning a mass of pamphlets, which my women-kind -threaten to sweep into the kitchen unless more _tidily_ kept, I came upon a -few poetical tracts by "Thomas Gill, the Blind Man of St. Edmundsbury." Not -having had any previous acquaintance with this poetical moralist, I have -looked over the lot; but beyond the above description of himself upon their -titles, they afford little information regarding their author. - -There is, however, proof, in _The Blind Man's Case at London_, 1711, that -Gill was a character in his day. In what he loftily calls "The Argument" to -these eight pages of doggrel, he says: - - "The Blind Man of Bury by the Persuasions of his Printer, and some - other supposed Friends, takes his Wife with him to London, with an - Intention to settle there, where they met with so many Inconveniences, - and so great Difficulties and Charges, as soon disgusted them with the - Place." - -Hereupon the blind man, finding himself disappointed in his expectations -of, apparently, a larger sphere for his begging operations, opens out upon -the metropolis in a fine round style of abuse in his "Letter to his Good -Friend and Benefactor at Bury." - -Desirous that my successor in the O---- library should have the advantage -of all the information I can collect, in regard to the bibliographical -curiosities therein contained, I am induced to avail myself of the medium -your pages afford to inquire whether any of your Suffolk antiquaries can -give me, or point out where I can help myself to, any particulars touching -my new friend with an old face. - -J. O. - - * * * * * - -BRONZE MEDALS. - -Having applied in vain to several distinguished numismatists respecting -certain bronze medals in my cabinet, which have baffled my own researches, -I now beg to seek for information through the medium of "N. & Q.," to which -I have been already much indebted; and have little doubt but that among -your many intelligent correspondents some one will be found to solve my -difficulties. - -The medals to which I refer, and which I will describe very briefly, are -the following; and I am desirous of obtaining some account of the persons -in whose honour they were struck:-- - -1. _Astalia._ Size (Mionnet's scale), 16. "Diva Julia Astalia." Bust to the -left. Rev. "Unicum for. et pud. Exemplum." A phoenix rising from its ashes. -Probably not later than the early part of the sixteenth century. - -2. _Conestagius._ Size, 15-1/2. "Hieronimus Conestagius, MDXC." Bust in -armour to the right, with ruff round the neck. Beneath, "MART. S***." Rev. -A pen and a sword in saltire. An oval in high relief, of Italian -workmanship. - -3. _Meratus._ Size, 13-1/2. "Franciscus Meratus I.P.F." Bearded bust to the -right. Rev. "Me Duce Tutus Eris." A figure seated holding a book in its -right hand. Query the meaning of the initials after the name? - -4. _Aragonia._ Size, 13. "D. Maria Aragonia." Bust to the right, with a -crown falling from her head. Rev. None. - -5. _Hanna._ Size, 18. "Martinus de Hanna." Bust in a gown, to the right. -Rev. "Spes mea in Deo est." A full-length figure, with hands clasped and -raised towards heaven: apparently a foreign Protestant divine. - -6. _Corsi._ Size, 20. "Laura Corsi March. Salviati." Hooded bust to the -left, with crucifix suspended from the neck. Beneath, "MDCCVIII." Rev. -"Mens immota manet." Full-length female figure, with helmet on her head, -leaning on a spear round which a serpent is twined, with a stag by her -side. In the background, on one side, is represented a castle on a wooded -height; on the other, a vessel is seen labouring in a storm. A striking -medal; and the lady's portrait makes one feel interested to learn her -history, which seemingly ought to be known: but I must confess my ignorance -even whether the Marquisate of Salviati be in Italy or Sicily. - -JOHN J. A. BOASE. - -P.S.--John de Silva, Count de Portalegre, who accompanied Don Sebastian in -his expedition to Africa against Muley Moloch, published at Genoa in 1585 a -work entitled _Dell' Unione del Regno di Portogallo alla Corona di -Castiglia_, under the name of _Conestaggio_; but not having the book by me, -I do not know whether the Christian name "Geronimo" also appears. - - [The remainder of the title-page reads, "Istoria Del Sig. Ieronimo De - Franchi Conestaggio Gentilhuomo Genovese."] - - * * * * * - -ACWORTH QUERIES. - -In the church of St. Mary Luton, Beds, there is a brass slab bearing the -figures of a knight and his two wives, with the following inscription: - - "Pray for the soules of John Acworth Squyer and Alys and Amy his wyfes, - which John deceased the xvij day of March the yer of our Lord - M'v^cxiij. On whose souls Jhu have mercy." - -For arms, he bore quarterly, 1st and 4th, erm. on a chief indented gu. 3 -coronets or. 2nd and 3rd, or, between 3 roses a chev. gu. - -In the reign of Henry VIII. there was one Johan Acworth (a lady of the -bedchamber to Katherine Howard), who married Sir John Bulmer, and went to -reside at York. - -John Acworth was, I believe, succeeded by his son, George Acworth, who -married Margaret, the {609} daughter of -- Wilborefoss, of Durham, Esquire, -and had issue a daughter, Johan Acworth. This Johan Acworth married Sir -Edward Waldegrave, the youngest son of George Waldegrave, of Smalbridge, -Essex, Esq. I do not know if George Acworth had any other issue. - -In 1560 there was a George Acworth who was public orator of Cambridge. He -was formerly of Peterhouse, and took his D.C.L. at St. John's, Oxon. He was -in his early days the friend and companion of Archbishop Parker. In 1576, -he was appointed Master of the Faculties, Judge of the Prer. Court of -Ireland. He is said to have died in Ireland, but where or when I do not -know. - -There was another of the name, Allin Acworth, formerly of Magdalen Hall, -Oxon, and Vicar of St. Nicholas, Rochester, Kent. He was a sufferer by the -Act of Uniformity, having been, in consequence of that Act, expelled his -vicarage in 1666. Of his subsequent history I find no trace. - -If any of your correspondents can give me any information relative to any -of the above, their descent, or intermarriages, I shall be much obliged. - -The name is, I believe, an uncommon one, and is only borne, as far as I can -learn, by one family now in existence. There was, however, another family -of the name formerly belonging to Suffolk, who bore for arms: Sa. a griffin -segreant armed and langued or. But I cannot find any trace of their -residence, &c., or when they flourished or became extinct. - -I believe there was a Baron of the name in the reign of one of the early -Henries, but unfortunately can discover no certain information about him. - -The above particulars are wanted for genealogical purposes. - -G. B. A. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries. - -"_Row the boat, Norman._"--In the _Chronicles of England_ collected by John -Stow, and printed in 1580, is the following passage:-- - - "1454. John Norman, Draper, Maior. Before thys time the Maiors, - Aldermen, and Commoners of the Citie of London were wonte all to ride - to Westminster when the Maior should take hys charge, but this Maior - was rowed thyther by water; for the whiche the watermen made of hym a - song, 'Rowe the boate, Norman,' &c." - -Are any of your correspondents in possession of the words of this song? or -is the tune to which it was sung known? - -T. G. H. - -_The Hereditary Standard Bearer._--In Crawford's _Peerage of Scotland_ it -is mentioned, that in the year 1107 Alexander I., by a special grant, -appointed a member of the Carron family (to whom he gave the name of -Scrimgeour, for his valour in a _sharp fight_) the office of Hereditary -Standard Bearer. Can you inform me how the Scrimgeours were deprived of -this honour? The family is not extinct, and yet I see the Hereditary Royal -Standard Bearer is now a Wedderburne, and the Earl of Lauderdale is also -Hereditary Standard Bearer. There surely must have been injustice committed -some time to cause such confusion. When and how did it take place? - -T. G. H. - -_Walton's Angler; Seth's Pillars; May-butter; English Guzman._--In Walton's -_Complete Angler_, in the beginning of the discourse between Piscator and -Venator, the former, expatiating on the antiquity of the art of angling, -gives as one of the traditions of its origin, that Seth, one of the sons of -Adam, - - "Left it engraven on those pillars which he erected, and trusted to - preserve the knowledge of the mathematics, music, and the rest of that - precious knowledge, and those useful arts which, by God's appointment - or allowance, and his noble industry, were thereby preserved from - perishing in Noah's flood." - -What is the tradition of Seth's Pillars? - -Piscator in chap. v. says: - - "But I promise to tell you more of the fly-fishing for a trout, which I - may have time enough to do, for you see it rains May-butter." - -What is May-butter, or the origin of the saying? - -In the amusing contest between the gypsies related in the same chapter, -these worthies were too wise to go to law about the residuary shilling, and -did therefore choose their choice friends Rook and Shark, and our late -English Guzman, to be their arbitrators and umpires. - -What is the explanation of these names? There appears to be some natural -consequence to this choice, for the decision seems to have been arrived at -by the act of reference. The notes explain that by "our English Guzman"[4] -was intended one James, a noted thief. I suppose his prototype was Don -Guzman D'Alfarache; but no interpretation of the passage is given. Would it -be found to have reference to some passage in the book referred to in the -note? - -ANON. - -[Footnote 4: [Sir Harris Nicolas says: "The allusion is to a work which had -appeared three years before: _The English Gusman; or, the History of that -unparalleled Thief, James Hind_, written by G. F. [George Fidge] 4to., -London, 1652. Hind appears to have been the greatest thief of his age; the -son of a saddler at Chipping Norton, and apprenticed to a butcher. In the -rebellion he attached himself to the royal cause, and was actively engaged -in the battles of Worcester and Warrington. In 1651, he was arrested by -order of parliament, under the name of Brown, 'at one Denzy's, a barber -over against St. Dunstan's Church, Fleet Street;' which circumstance may -have introduced him to Walton's notice."--ED.]] - -{610} - -_Radish Feast._--I copied the following from the north door of St. Ebbe's -Church, Oxford. Can any of your correspondents explain the origin and -meaning of this feast? - - "_St. Ebbe's Parish._ - - "The annual meeting for the election of Church-wardens for this Parish - will be held in the vestry of the Parish Church on Easter Tuesday, at 4 - o'clock in the afternoon. - - "WM. BRUNNER, } - WM. FISHER, } Churchwardens. - - "Dated 10 April, 1852. - - "The Radish Feast will be at the Bull Inn, New Street, immediately - after the Vestry." - -R. R. ROWE. - -Cambridge. - -_What Kind of Drink is Whit?_--In going over the famous old mansion -Cothele, near Tavistock, the other day, I saw, among other primaeval -crockery, three pot-bellied jugs, two of which were inscribed "Sack, 1646;" -and the third, a smaller one, "Whit, 1646." What kind of drink is _whit_? - -W. G. C. - -_"Felix natu," &c._-- - - "Felix natu, felicior vita, felicissimus morte." - -Of whom was this said, and by whom? - -HENRY H. BREEN. - -St. Lucia. - -"_Gutta cavat lapidem._"--Can any reader of "N. & Q." inform me whence the -following verse is taken? - - "Gutta cavat lapidem, non vi sed saepe cadendo." - -The first half, I know, is the commencement of a line in _Ov. ex Ponto_, -Ep. x. v. 5., which concludes with-- - - "... consumitur annulus usu." - -I have seen it quoted, but no reference given. - -A. W. - -Kilburn. - -_Punch and Judy._--Are any of your readers of "N. & Q." not aware that -_Punch and Judy_ is a corruption, both in word and deed, of _Pontius cum -Judaeis_, one of the old mysteries, the subject of which was Pontius Pilate -with the Jews; and particularly in reference to St. Matt. xxvii. 19.? I -should be glad to hear of some similar instances. - -BOEOTICUS. - -Edgmond, Salop. - -_Sir John Darnall_ (Vol. v., pp. 489. 545.).--Can either of your -correspondents, E. N. or G., inform me whether the Sir John Darnall, who is -the subject of their communications, is descended from John Darnall, who -was a Baron of the Exchequer in 1548, or give me any particulars of the -"birth parentage, education, life, character, and behaviour" of the latter? - -EDWARD FOSS. - -_The Chevalier St. George._--Can any of the numerous readers of "N. & Q." -inform me where ample and minute accounts, either in print or MS., of the -Life and Court of the Chevalier St. George, particularly from the death of -James II. to his own death, can be obtained; also, of his ministers of -state, personal attendants, &c.? I have already examined such of the Stuart -Papers as have been published by Mr. Glover, and by Brown in his _History -of the Highland Clans_. - -J. W. H. - -_Declaration of 2000 Clergymen._--Several allusions have been lately made -at Parliament to the 2000 clergymen who signed a Declaration calling in -question the Queen's supremacy. Was a list of these clergymen ever -published? If so, in what newspaper or periodical? What were the exact -words of the declaration? - -RUSTICUS. - -_MS. "De Humilitate."_--Can any of your correspondents give me any -information as to the date, authorship, or value of a MS. that has lately -fallen into my hands? It is a thin quarto, beautifully written upon -parchment. The title page is wanting, and the MS. commences with the index: -but the title of the work is _De Humilitate_. It consists of twenty-four -chapters. The heading of the first two is as follows: - - "Incipit prologus in libello qui inscribitur de humilitate, - - Cap. I. Quam perniciosum sit et Deo odibile superbiae initium, et - qualiter ac de quibus gloriandum sit. - - II. Quod sit superbia fugienda et sectanda humilitas, quae in sui vera - cognitione fundata consistit," &c. - -The top of the first page has a rich initial letter; and at the bottom a -coat of arms: Crest, a leopard rampant; shield, argent, 3 bars gules, on a -chief azure 3 fleur de lys or. The heading of each chapter is written in -red ink. - -CEYREP. - -_MS. Work on Seals._--Moule, in his _Bibliotheca Heraldica_, states that -there was at the date of the publication of his work (1822), in the library -at Stowe, a MS. work, two volumes, folio, by Anstis, on the Antiquity and -Use of Seals. Can any of your readers inform me in whose possession this -work now is? - -A. O. D. D. - -_Sir George Carew._--Sir George Carew, the able commander and crafty -statesman of Queen Elizabeth's time, was created Earl of Totness. His -grandfather mortgaged his ancestral estate of Carew, in Pembrokeshire, to -Sir Rhys ap Thomas, who, with its subsequent possessors, Sir John Perrot -and the Earl of Essex, made great additions to Carew Castle, the -magnificent remains of which entitle it to be called the ruined Windsor of -Wales. - -The Carews then pushed their fortunes in Ireland, and endeavoured to -recover the "Marquisate of Cork" on an obsolete and false claim. {611} - -The writer wishes for an accurate pedigree of Sir George Carew, showing his -relationship to Sir Peter Carew, who was buried at Ross, and to Sir Peter -who was killed at the skirmish of Glendalough in 1581. - -H. - -_Docking Horses' Tails._--I should be glad to learn when the practice of -docking horses' tails commenced in England, or in any country of Europe, -and what was the immediate cause of this amputation? I cannot trace in the -plates of Froissart, or others of a later date, any indication of this -practice, and in them there are no tails lopped of their fair proportions. - -What other nations besides the English have ever docked their horses' -tails; and where is any account to be found of their reasons for so doing? - -If any of your correspondents will answer these Queries, I shall feel -obliged. - -TAIL. - -_St. Albans, William, Abbot of._--Archbishop Morton addressed a monition in -1490 to William, Abbot of St. Albans. It is to be found in Wilkin's -_Concilia_, iii. 632., and is extracted from Archbishop Morton's -_Register_, fol. 22. b. Now, in Tanner's _Notitia_, and in Dugdale's -_Monasticon_, it is stated that William Wallingford, Abbot of St. Albans, -died in 1484; and that the chair was vacant until 1492, when Thomas Ramryge -was elected abbot. Archbishop Morton's original letter is, I believe, to be -seen in the register at Lambeth, and its date is distinctly 1490. This -date, moreover, agrees with the Excerpta of Dr. Ducarel in the British -Museum. - -Can any of your readers solve this difficulty for me, as I am anxious to -know immediately whether I may safely identify "William," the notorious -evil-liver of Morton's monition, with "Wallington," who bears a respectable -character in Dugdale's _Monasticon_. - -L. H. J. TONNA. - -_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship._-- - - "I am grieved at every sad story I hear. I am troubled when I hear of a - pretty bride murdered in her bride-chamber by an ambitious and enraged - rival," &c.--_Jeremy Taylor on Friendship_, p. 37, fol. Lond. 1674. - -This was written A.D. 1657: what is the case referred to? - -C. P. E. - -_Colonel or Major-General Lee._--The dates of his letters tend to prove -that Lee was on the continent in 1770, and this is apparently borne out by -the "memoirs" published both in America and in England. But Dr. Girdleston, -in his strange work published in 1813, asserts that on the 20th April, -1770, at the christening of Sir Charles Davis's eldest son, Charles Sydney, -Lee was at Rushbrooke in Suffolk. The proof, however, is not adduced in a -simple and straightforward manner. At page 6, Dr. Girdlestone tells us that -some person, not named, remembers that Lee stood sponsor, &c.; at page 7, -that the register proves that the baptism took place on the 20th April, -1770; and at page 13, that the register proves that Lee was on the 20th -April "in that church." This last is the only fact bearing on the question -at issue. Will any of your intelligent correspondents residing at Bury -favour you with a copy of the register of the baptism of Charles Sydney on -the 20th April, 1770? - -C. M. L. - -"_Roses all that's fair adorn._"--Can you inform me where I can find a copy -of an old poem, which begins as follows: - - "Roses all that's fair adorn, - Rosy-finger'd is the morn," &c.; - -since I have searched in vain for it. - -W. S. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries Answered. - -_Donne._--In Walton's _Life of Donne_ it is said that Donne left behind -him-- - - "The resultance of 1400 authors, most of them abridged and analysed - with his own hand; he left also some six score of sermons, all written - with his own hand." - -Can any one tell me what has become of these MSS., and where they are now -to be found if they still exist? - -AJAX. - - [The Sermons have been published in three volumes folio: the first - printed in 1640, containing eighty; the second in 1649, containing - fifty; and the third in 1660, containing twenty-six.] - -_Dr. Evans._--Who was Dr. Evans, author of the _Sketch of Christian -Denominations_? It would not be easy to ascertain, from internal evidence, -what "denomination" he was himself! Who is the modern editor, the Rev. -James Bransby? - -A. A. D. - - [Mr. Evans was born at Uske in Monmouthshire in 1767, studied at the - Bristol Academy, and afterwards at the Universities of Aberdeen and - Edinburgh. In 1792 he became pastor of a congregation of General - Baptists in Worship Street, London; and opened an academy for youth in - Hoxton, which was subsequently removed to Islington. In 1819 he - obtained the diploma of Doctor of Laws from Brown University, in Rhode - Island, America. His death took place Jan. 25, 1827. In doctrinal - matters, we believe he was a mitigated Socinian; and we believe his - Editor, who was a schoolmaster at Carnarvon, held the same theological - views.] - - * * * * * - - -Replies. - -CARLING SUNDAY--ROMAN FUNERAL PILE. - -(Vol. iii., p. 449.; Vol. iv., p. 381.; Vol. v., p. 67.) - -At Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and many other places in the North of England, grey -peas, after having been steeped a night in water, are fried with butter, -given away, and eaten at a kind of entertainment on the Sunday preceding -Palm Sunday, which {612} was formerly called Care or Carle Sunday, as may -be yet seen in some of our old almanacks. They are called _carlings_, -probably, as we call the presents at fairs, _fairings_. Marshal, in his -_Observations on the Saxon Gospels_, tells us that "the Friday on which -Christ was crucified is called in German both Gute Freytag and Carr -Freytag;" that the word _karr_ signifies a satisfaction for a fine or -penalty; and that Care or Carr Sunday was not unknown to the English in his -time, at least to such as lived among old people in the country. - -In the old Roman calendar I find it observed on this day (the 12th of -March), that a dole is made of soft beans. I can hardly entertain a doubt -but that our custom is derived from hence. It was usual among the Romanists -to give away beans in the doles at funerals; it was also a rite in the -funeral ceremonies of heathen Rome. There is a great deal of learning in -Erasmus's _Adages_ concerning _the religious use of beans_, which were -thought to belong to the dead. An observation which he gives us of Pliny -concerning Pythagoras's interdiction of the pulse, is highly remarkable. It -is "that beans contain the souls of the dead." For which cause also they -were used in the Parentalia. Plutarch also, he tells us, held that pulse to -be of the highest efficacy for invoking the manes. Ridiculous and absurd as -these superstitions may appear, it is yet certain that our _carlings_ -deduce their origin from thence. On the interdiction of this pulse by -Pythagoras, the following occurs in Spencer _De Leg. Hebr._, lib. i. p. -1154.:-- - - "Quid enim Pythagoras, ejusque praeceptores, Aegypti Mystae, adeo - leguminum, fabarum imprimis, esum et aspectum fugerent; nisi quod cibi - mortuorum coenis et exequiis proprii, adeoque polluti et abominandi - haberentur," &c.--Brand's _Observations on Popular Antiquities_, - Ellis's ed., vol. i. pp. 95-99. - -In the notes in loco is mentioned "a practice of the Greek church, not yet -out of use, to set boyled corne before the singers at their commemorations -of the dead," v. _Gregorii Opusc._, p. 128. The length of this reply will -not admit of my here enumerating the other emblems of the resurrection of -the body used by the fathers and other writers. I shall therefore conclude -with an extract from Rennel's _Geographical System of Herodotus_, p. 632., -relating to the Pythagorean prohibition of beans:-- - - "The Bengalese have the _Nymphaea nelumbo_ in their lakes and - inundations; and its fruit certainly resembles at all points that of - the second species of water-lily described by Herodotus; that is, it - has the form of the orbicular wasp's nest; and contains kernels of the - size and shape of a small bean. Amongst the Bramins this plant is held - _sacred_; but the kernels, which are of a better flavour than almonds, - are almost universally eaten by the Hindoos. - - "It may, however, be a question whether it has always been the case; - and whether in the lapse of time that has taken place since the days of - Pythagoras (who is supposed to have visited India, as well as Chaldaea, - Persia, and Egypt), a relaxation in discipline may not have occasioned - the law to be dispensed with; instances enough of a like kind being to - be met with elsewhere. _Kyamos_ in the Greek language appears to - signify, not only a bean, but also the fruit or bean of the _Nymphaea - nelumbo_. Is it not probable then that the mystery of the famous - inhibition of Pythagoras, an enigma of which neither the ancients nor - the moderns have hitherto been able to give a rational solution, may be - discovered in those curious records of Sanscrit erudition, which the - meritorious labours of some of our countrymen in India are gradually - bringing to light?" - -BIBLIOTHECAR. CHETHAM. - - * * * * * - -HART AND MOHUN. - -(Vol. v., p. 466.) - -In Downes' _Roscius Anglicanus_, edit. 1789, mention is made of these two -actors, thus: - - "Hart was apprentice to Robinson, an actor who lived before the Civil - Wars; he afterwards had a captain's commission, and fought for Charles - I. He acted women's parts when a boy. - - "Mohun was brought up under Robinson, as Hart and others were: in his - youth he acted Bellamente, in _Love's Cruelty_, which part he retained - after the Restoration."--Page 10. - -It appears to have been the practice of the old actors--the "master -actors," as they were called--to take youths as apprentices, and to -initiate them in female characters, as a preparatory step towards something -weightier. Richard Robinson, above-mentioned, _circa_ 1616, usually -performed female characters himself.[5] In 1647 his name occurs, with -several others, prefixed to the dedication of the first folio edition of -Fletcher's _Plays_. He served in the king's army in the civil wars, and was -killed in an engagement by Harrison, who refused him quarter, and who was -afterwards hanged at Charing Cross. - -The patent of the Theatre Royal, Drury Lane, of which Mr. Hart and Major -Mohun formed part of the company, having descended from Thomas to Charles -Killigrew-- - - "In 1682 he joined it to Dr. Davenant's patent, whose company acted - then in Dorset Garden, which, upon the union, were created the King's - Company: after which Mr. Hart acted no more, having a pension to the - day of his death from the United Company. I must not omit to mention - the parts in several plays of some of the actors, wherein they excelled - in the performance of them. First, Mr. Hart, in the part of Arbaces, in - _King and no King_; Amintor, in the _Maid's Tagedy_; Othello; Rollo; - Brutus, in _Julius Caesar_; Alexander. Towards the latter end of his - acting, if he {613} acted in any one of these but once in a fortnight, - the house was filled as at a new play, especially Alexander; he acting - that with such grandeur and agreeable majesty, that one of the Court - was pleased to honour him with this commendation; that Hart might teach - any king on earth how to comport himself."[6] - -In Rymer's _Dissertation on Tragedy_ he is thus noticed: - - "The eyes of the audience are prepossessed and charmed by his action, - before aught of the poet can approach their ears; and to the most - wretched of characters Hart gives a lustre which dazzles the sight, - that the deformities of the poet cannot be perceived." - - "He was no less inferior in Comedy; as Mosca, in the _Fox_; Don John, - in the _Chances_; Wildblood, in the _Mock Astrologer_; with sundry - other parts. In all the Comedies and Tragedies he was concerned, he - perform'd with that exactness and perfection that not any of his - successors have equall'd him."[7] - -It would seem that through Hart's "excellent action" alone Ben Jonson's -_Catiline_ (his own favourite play), which had been condemned on its first -representation, was kept on the stage during the reign of Charles II. With -Hart this play died. - -Previous to Nell Gwyn's elevation to royal favour, it is said, upon the -authority of Sir George Etherge, in _Lives of the most celebrated Beauties, -&c._, 1715, she was "protected" by Lacy, and afterwards by Hart. Whether -this be true or not, it is certain that she received instructions in the -Thespian art from both of these gentlemen. - -The cause of Hart retiring from the stage was in consequence of his being -dreadfully afflicted with the stone and gravel, "of which he died sometime -after, having a salary of forty shillings a week to the day of his death." - -Hart's Christian name was Charles. He is believed by Malone to have been -Shakspeare's great nephew.[8] - -Major Mohun remained in the "United Company" after Hart's retirement. - - "He was eminent for Volpone; Face, in the _Alchemist_; Melantius, in - the _Maid's Tragedy_; Mardonius, in _King and no King_; Cassius, in - _Julius Caesar_; Clytus, in _Alexander_; Mithridates, &c. An eminent - poet[9] seeing him act this last, vented suddenly this saying: 'Oh, - Mohun, Mohun! thou little man of mettle, if I should write 100 plays, - I'd write a part for thy mouth.' In short, in all his parts, he was - most accurate and correct."[10] - -Rymer remarks: - - "We may remember (however we find this scene of Melanthius and Amintor - written in the book) that at the Theater we have a good scene acted; - there is work cut out, and both our Aesopus and Roscius are on the - stage together. Whatever defect may be in Amintor and Melanthius, Mr. - Hart and Mr. Mohun are wanting in nothing. To these we owe what is - pleasing in the scene; and to this scene we may impute the success of - the '_Maid's Tragedy_.'" - -Major Mohun's Christian name was Michael. - -W. H. LN. - -Berwick-on-Tweed. - -[Footnote 5: See _The Devil is an Ass_, Act II. Sc. 8.] - -[Footnote 6: _Roscius Anglicanus_, p. 23.] - -[Footnote 7: Ibid., p. 24.] - -[Footnote 8: See _Historical Account of the English Stage_, in Malone's -edition of Shakspeare, vol. i. part ii. p. 278. Lond. 1790.] - -[Footnote 9: Thought by Thomas Davies to have been Lee.] - -[Footnote 10: _Roscius Anglicanus._] - - * * * * * - -BURIAL WITHOUT RELIGIOUS SERVICE--BURIAL. - -(Vol. v., pp. 466. 549.) - -There can be no doubt, I think, that a burial ground, whether parish -churchyard or cemetery, so long as it has been consecrated, or even -licensed by the bishop, is only _legally_ useable for interments performed -according to "the ecclesiastical laws of this realm;" _i.e._ the burial -service, as rubrically directed, must be read by a clergyman over the -corpse. Whether the bishop would have proceeded by law against the -clergyman in Carlile's case, supposing he had desisted from the service -under the protests of the sons, may be questioned; but that he could have -done so is beyond a doubt. The sixty-eighth canon says, that "no minister -shall refuse or delay to bury any corpse that is brought to the church or -churchyard ... in such manner and form as is prescribed in the Book of -Common Prayer. And if he shall refuse, &c., he shall be suspended by the -bishop of the diocese from his ministry by the space of three months." The -consecration, or episcopal licence, seems to tie the burial ground to the -burial service, except in the three cases of persons who die -excommunicated, unbaptised, or by their own hands; and I imagine that a -clergyman would render himself liable to suspension by his bishop, who -either allowed interments to take place in the churchyard without the -burial service, or, on the other hand, used the service in unconsecrated or -unlicensed ground. By the 3 Ja. I. c. 5., there is a penalty for burying a -corpse away from the church; but this law is either repealed or obsolete. -If any services of the church be used by a clergyman, except "according to -order," I imagine that he renders himself liable to penal consequences; but -it may be sometimes thought best to omit them. Sometimes, however, as in -the case of baptisms being allowed in drawing-rooms, there is such an -intentional oversight as is quite indefensible. - -The story which I have heard of Baskerville's burial is as follows;--He -died at Birmingham, but was not interred, and his corpse was kept in the -house in which he had lived. After a time this house was sold, and the -purchaser of it became embarrassed by the unexpected discovery that he was -in possession of the old printer's mortal remains. He applied to the -clergyman of {614} the parish for release from his difficulty; and this -gentleman, being a man of the world, said that he was the last person who -ought to have been consulted, but since it was so, the churchyard and the -shades of evening afforded a remedy. - -Perhaps it is worth adding, that when Sir W. Page Wood, the late -Solicitor-General, would have brought a bill into parliament to relieve -dissenters from the payment of church rates, on condition that they -consented to forego all claim upon the services of the church, including of -course the burial service, the bargain was declined by them. - -ALFRED GATTY. - - * * * * * - -"QUOD NON FECERUNT BARBARI," ETC. - -(Vol. v., p. 559.) - -Your correspondent MR. BREEN is mistaken in supposing this "epigram" to -refer to the Barberini spoliation of the Coliseum; it was an equally -important and more sacrilegious theft that aroused Pasquin's satire and -indignation. - -Urban VIII. (Matteo Barberini), 1623-44, had just stripped the dome of the -Pantheon of the bronze that adorned it, to construct therewith the -baldacchino over the high altar in St. Peter's. The amount of metal -obtained, says Venuti, was upwards of 450,250 pounds weight; and upon the -principle of robbing Peter to pay Paul, the material thus stolen from the -Madonna was dedicated to the service of San Pietro. Bernini was the artist -employed, from whose taste, perhaps, little better was to be expected; and -the baldacchino, though highly ornamented, richly gilt, and of imposing -dimensions, certainly makes the beholder regret that the metal was moved -from its original position. It was costly enough too, upwards of 20,000l. -having been expended upon its production. - -Urban evidently had a practical turn for warfare by no means unusual to the -possessors of the "holy see," for we find that the surplusage of the metal -was cast into cannon for the defence of St. Angelo. - -This pope certainly was _one_ of the most unsparing despoilers of the -Coliseum, inasmuch as the huge pile of the Palazzo Barbarini was erected by -him with stone supplied solely from that convenient and inexpensive quarry. -If, however, we reflect that he did but follow the example of many of his -predecessors (Paul II. built the Palazzo di Venezia, and Paul III. the -Farnese, from the same exhaustless supply), and that the Coliseum was not -only much ruined by the "barbarians" during the various sieges of Rome, but -was used as a fortress by the Frangipani in the Middle Ages, the pasquinade -quoted by MR. BREEN would hardly have been applicable to Urban's misdeeds -in that quarter. Nor was the Coliseum at that time consecrated ground, as -it was not till the year 1750 that Benedict XIV., with a view to protect it -from future depredation, dedicated it to the memory of the Christian -martyrs who had perished in its arena. But the Pantheon, consecrated as -early as A.D. 608, under the name of S. Maria Rotonda, had been respected -and spared by all, whether Arian or barb-"arian;" and it was reserved for a -"Santo Padre" of the seventeenth century to despoil a Christian Church, and -himself set an example of sacrilege to the Christian world. Urban was the -sole member of the Barberini family (of Florentine extraction) that ever -attained the papal tiara. The amount of wealth stated to have been amassed -by him during his pontificate appears almost fabulous. - -The author of the pasquinade in question is, I believe, unknown. - -A. P. - -Bayswater. - - * * * * * - -RESTIVE. - -(Vol. v., p. 535.) - -I am inclined to think that your correspondents, however deeply they may be -versed in "Folk-Lore," are generally not much acquainted with "Horse-Lore." -Such, at least, is the opinion that is warranted by the extraordinary -nature of the questions (not many in number, it is true) which have been -put in relation to that subject, and of the replies that have been given to -them. In the case now before us, J. R. has only superficially considered -the matter. He takes one out of many definitions "in our dictionaries," and -on that takes his stand. He is manifestly in error. The tempting facility -of referring all words similar in appearance to the same etymon lies at the -root of his mistake; for _restive_, as he will find on more patient -investigation, is by our lexicographers (Richardson, for example) classed -under a different root from _rest_, used to express _quiescence_, or -_repose_. _Restive_, or more properly _restiff_, is equivalent to the -French _retif_, or Italian _restio_; and, as applied to horses, means those -which resist the will of their rider. Hence, whether in standing stock -still, in running away, in rearing, in plunging, or in kicking, they employ -their natural means of defence against the control of the cavalier, and may -equally be called _restiff_. In support of this view, take the following -quotation, to which others might be added. It is from Grisone, _Ordini di -Cavalcare_, 4to., 1550: - - "Se il cavallo e restio, il piu delle volte procede per colpa del - Cavaliero, per una di questi ragioni. Overo il Cavallo e vile, e di - poca forza, e essendo troppo molestato si abandona e avvilisce di sorte - che accorando non vuole caminare avante; over e superbo, e gagliardo, e - dandogli fatica, egli mancandogli un poco di lena, si prevalera con - salti, e con aggrupparsi, e con altre malignita, o fara pur questo dal - principio che si cavalca, di maniera che se allora conoscera chi il - Cavaliero lo teme, {615} prendera tant' animo, che usando molte - ribalderie, si fermera contra la volonta sua; _e di queste due Specie - di Restii_ [which J. R. will be pleased to _note_], la peggior e quella - che nasce da vilta, e da poca forza."--Folio 92, verso. - -Thus much for the equestrian part of the subject. With regard to the use of -the word _restive_ by the author of the _Eclipse of Faith_, that is purely -a matter of taste, which it is unnecessary here to discuss; but I hope that -the foregoing opinion of one who in his day passed for the most -accomplished horseman of Europe, will suffice to show that, in the passage -quoted, the term is not so entirely misapplied as J. R. supposes. - -F. S. Q. - - * * * * * - -MEN OF KENT AND KENTISH MEN. - -(Vol. v., p. 321.) - -In your answers to Minor Queries (Vol. v., p. 321.) I find it stated, that -the inhabitants of the part of Kent lying between Rochester and London -being _invicti_, have ever since (the Norman Conquest) been designated as -Men of Kent; while those to the eastward, through whose district the -Conqueror marched unopposed, are only "Kentish Men." - -As I have always understood that the contrary is the case, and that the -inhabitants of East Kent are called "Men of Kent," and those in West Kent, -"Kentish Men"--because in East Kent the people are less intermixed with -strangers than in West Kent, from its proximity to the metropolis--I was -desirous of correcting what appeared to me to be a manifest error: but not -finding any direct authority on the point, I consulted my friend Charles -Sandys, Esq., of Canterbury, as a Kentish antiquary, on the subject. And I -now send you a letter from that gentleman, which you are at liberty to -print. - -GEO. R. CORNER. - -Eltham. - -"'MEN OF KENT,' AND 'KENTISH MEN.' - -"I am not aware that any professed treatise has been written or published -upon our provincial distinction of 'Men of Kent' and 'Kentish Men.' That -some such traditionary distinction, however, (whatever it may be) has -existed from time immemorial in our county, cannot be disputed, and I think -it has an undoubted and unquestionable historic origin, which I will -endeavour briefly to illustrate. - -"The West Kent Men, according to the tradition, are styled 'Kentish Men;' -whilst those of East Kent are more emphatically denominated 'Men of Kent.' - -"And now for my historical authorities:-- - -"That the East Kent people were denominated from ancient time 'Men of -Kent,' may, I think, be inferred from the ancient Saxon name of its -metropolis, [Cant-wara-burh] [_Canterbury_], literally, 'The City of the -Men of Kent;' the royal city and seat of government of King Ethelbert at -the time of the arrival of St. Augustine (A.D. 597) to convert our -idolatrous Saxon ancestors from the worship of Woden and his kindred -deities to that of the Saviour of the world. - -"St. Augustine, having succeeded in his holy mission, and having been -consecrated Archbishop of the Saxons and Angles in Britain, fixed his -metropolitical see in the royal city of Canterbury, which had been granted -to him by King Ethelbert on his conversion (who thereupon retired to his -royal fortress, or Castrum, of Regulbium, _Reculver_). And in that city it -has ever since continued for a period of more than twelve centuries. - -"The conversion of the Pagan inhabitants of Kent proceeded so rapidly that -St. Augustine, with the assistance of King Ethelbert, soon founded another -episcopal see at Rochester, and thus divided the Kentish kingdom into two -dioceses: the eastern, or diocese of Canterbury; the western, or diocese of -Rochester. And thus, I conceive, originated the divisions of East and West -Kent: the men of the former retaining their ancient name of 'Men of Kent;' -whilst those of the latter adopted that of 'Kentish Men.' - -"The Saxon (or Jutish) kingdom of Kent continued a separate and independent -kingdom of the Octarchy from the time of Hengist (A.D. 455) until its -subjugation by Offa, King of Mercia, in the eighth century, to which it -continued tributary until King Egbert reduced all the kingdoms of the -Octarchy under his dominion, at the commencement of the ninth century,--and -thus became the first King of all England. - -"That Kent was separated at an early period into the two divisions of East -and West Kent, may be inferred from a charter (Kemble, _Cod. Dipl._ ii. -19.) relating to some property withheld from the church of Canterbury, and -which is specially described as having been that "of Oswulf, duke and -prince of the province of _East Kent_" ('dux atque princeps provinciae -_Orientalis Cantiae_') c. A.D. 844. - -"The _Saxon Chronicle_ also confirms this view of the matter, thus: - -A.D. 853. "Ealhere with the 'Men of Kent' fought in _Thanet_ against the -heathen army (Danes)."--Thanet is in _East_ Kent. - -A.D. 865. "The heathen army sate down in _Thanet_, and made peace with the -'Men of Kent.' And the 'Men of Kent' promised them money for the peace." - -A.D. 902. ... "Battle at the _Holmes_, between the 'Kentish Men' and the -'Danish Men.'--This, I take it, occurred in _West_ Kent. - -A.D. 999. "The army (Danes) went up along the Medway to _Rochester_, and -then the '_Kentish_ forces' stoutly joined battle ... and full nigh {616} -all the 'West Kentish men' they ruined and plundered." - -A.D.[11] 1009. "Then came the vast hostile army (Danes) to _Sandwich_, and -they soon went their way to _Canterbury_; and all the people of '_East -Kent_' made peace with the army, and gave them 3000 pounds." - -"Thus, I trust, I have satisfactorily shown from our ancient annals, that -the distinction between 'Kentish Men' and 'Men of Kent,' existed at a -period long anterior to the Norman Conquest, and is distinctly recognised -in the foregoing historical passages. And its origin may, I think, be -attributed to the ancient division of the Jutish kingdom of Kent into the -two dioceses of _Canterbury_ and _Rochester_. - -"Our Gavelkind Tenure and free Kentish customs, of which I have attempted a -history in my recently published _Consuetudines Kanciae_, gave rise to our -well-known old provincial song of 'The Man of Kent,' its burthen being: - - "Of Briton's race--if one surpass, - 'A Man of Kent' is He." - -CHARLES SANDYS, F.S.A. - -Canterbury. - -[Footnote 11: "A.D." corrected from "A.B."--Transcriber.] - - * * * * * - - -Replies to Minor Queries. - -_Speculum Christianorum, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 558.).--In case no fuller -information should be forthcoming on this tract, allow me to refer MR. -SIMPSON to Ames's _Typographical Dictionary_, p. 113., where is an account -of what is apparently another edition of the above, printed by William -Machlinia, or Macklyn, about the year 1480. The title runs thus: _Incipit -liber qui vocatur Speculum Xpristiani_. It is a short exposition of the -common topics of divinity of that time, for the most part in Latin, but -there is some English which is chiefly in rhyme. The first English lines -are-- - - "In heauen shall dwelle alle cristen men - That knowe and kepe goddes byddynges ten." - -At the end, after-- - - "Explicit liber qui vocatur specul[=u] Xpr[=i]ani, Sequitur exposicio - oracionis dominice c[=u] quodam bono notabili et sept[=e] capitalia - vicia c[=u] aliquibus ramis eor[=u]." - -Afterwards-- - - "Sequuntur monita de verbis beati Ysidori extracta ad instruend[=u] - homin[=e] qualiter vicia valeat euitare et in bonis se debeat - informare." - -The whole concludes with this colophon: - - "Jste Libellus impressus est [=i] opulentissima Ciuitate Londoniarum - per me Willelmum de Machlinia ad instanciam necnon expensas Henrici - Vrankenbergh mercatoris." - -The author is said to be John Watton in the Catalogue of MSS. in England -and Ireland, C.C.C., Oxon. n. clv. p. 53. - -J. EASTWOOD. - -_Smyth's MSS. relating to Gloucestershire_ (Vol. v., p. 512.).--A querist -writes to know where any of these may be seen. - -The original manuscript (three vols. folio) was given to the library of the -College of Arms, through the hands of Sir Charles Young, by the Rev. R. W. -Huntley of Boxwell Court, about 1835, who became possessed of it by a -legacy from a descendant of Mr. Smyth. There is another copy in the -"Evidence Room," at Berkeley Castle; and another in the library of Smyth -Owen, Esq., a descendant from the author, at Condover Hall, Shropshire. -There is another copy in the possession of the Hon. Robert Berkeley at -Spetchley Park, Worcestershire. And an imperfect copy was sold at the sale -at Hill Court, Gloucester, in 1846. It was bought by a bookseller for Mr. -Pigott of Brockley; it was resold in 1849, but to whom I could never find -out. This last is also in three vols.; two of these match in the binding, -but the third does not: the leather of this odd vol. is thickly studded -with the _portcullis_. The imperfection of this set consists in being -_unfinished_ in many parts. Mr. Huntley's is considered the first copy of -that at the castle; and that at Condover was probably Mr. Smyth's own. The -Hill Court copy seems to be about the same date. - -The _Abstracts and Extracts_ of these MSS. as published by Fosbroke in -1821, are but a tantalising meagre sample of the very rich store of -genealogical and historical information which the originals contain. - -H. T. ELLACOMBE. - -Clyst St. George, Devon. - -_M. Barriere and the Quarterly Review_ (Vol. v., pp. 347. 402.).--As I see -that J. R. (of Cork) has resumed his correspondence with "N. & Q.," I beg -leave to call his attention to his statement, and to my inquiry under the -above references: any one or two instances of what is stated to be "so -frequent" a practice will suffice. - -C. - -"_I do not know what the truth may be_" (Vol. v., p. 560.).--The lines run -thus in the _Lay of the Last Minstrel_, Canto II. 22.: - - "I cannot tell how the truth may be, - I say the tale as 'twas said to me." - -J. EASTWOOD. - - [J. M.--D. P. WATERS--NASO--L. X. R.--W. J. B. S.--B. R. J.--MARY, &c., - have also furnished us with Replies to this Query.] - -_Optical Phenomena_ (Vol. v., p. 441.).--You have not yet published any -satisfactory reply to the optical Query of N. B., at p. 441. of the present -volume. I apprehend there is not much difficulty in finding the solution. I -attribute the phenomenon to the refraction of light through a stratum of -air that is more dense than the surrounding air. Every solid is coated by -such a stratum. This is the well-known fact of _adhesion_ {617} alluded to -by Liebig, in his _Letters on Chemistry_, 1st series [2nd edit. by Gardner, -p. 16.] - -C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. - -_Stoup_ (Vol. v., p. 560.).--In answer to the inquiry of CUTHBERT BEDE, I -beg to inform him that an _exterior_ stoup, in excellent preservation, is -to be found on the outer wall of the south porch of Hungerton Church, -Leicestershire. The inquiry confirms the belief I have always entertained, -that examples of exterior stoups are rarely met with in the ecclesiastic -architecture of England. - -KT. - -Aylestone. - -_Seventh Son of a Seventh Son_ (Vol. v., p. 532.).--The note which appears -in p. 532. has induced me to look out a rare old printed copy of "The Quack -Doctor's Speech," which is in my possession, and which was spoken by the -witty Lord Rochester, in character, and mounted on a stage; it is -altogether a very humorous and lengthy address, partaking of the licence of -language not uncommon to the courtiers of that period, abounding in much -technical phraseology, and therefore unsuited for an introduction into your -pages _in extenso_. The titles assumed, however, are in character with the -pretensions claimed by virtue of being the seventh begotten son of a -seventh begotten father; and may perhaps prove an interesting addition to -the collection of instances recorded by your correspondent HENRY EDWARDS: - - "Gentlemen, - - "I, Waltho Van Clauterbauck, High German Doctor, Chymist and - Dentrificator--Native of Arabia Deserta, Citizen and Burgomaster of the - City of Brandipolis--Seventh son of a Seventh son, unborn Doctor of - above sixty years' experience, having studied over Galen, Hypocrates, - Albumazer, and Paracelsus, am now become the Aesculapius of this age. - Having been educated at twelve Universities, and travelled through - fifty-two Kingdoms, and been Counsellor to the Counsellors of several - grand Monarchs, natural son of the wonder working chymical Doctor - Signior Hanesio, lately arrived from the farthest parts of Utopia, - famous throughout all Asia, Europe, Africa, and America, from the Sun's - oriental exaltation to his occidental declination, out of mere pity to - my own dear self and languishing mortals, have by the earnest prayers - and entreaties of several Lords, Dukes, and honourable Personages been - at last prevailed upon to oblige the World with this Notice, &c. &c. - - "Veniente occurrite morbo--Down with your dust. - Principiis obsta--No cure no money. - Querenda Pecunia Premium--Be not sick too late. - - "You that are willing to render yourselves immortal, Buy this pacquet, - or else repair to the sign of the Pranceis, in Vico vulgo dicto - Ratcliffero, something south-east of Templum Dancicum, in the Square of - Profound Close, not far from Titter Tatter Fair; and you may hear, see, - and return Re-infecta." - -KT. - -Aylestone. - -At my father's school was a Yorkshire lad, who was to be educated -classically, because he was intended for the medical profession. The cause -assigned was, that "he was the seventh son of a seventh son;" and the -seventh son of a seventh son "_maks the bigg'st o' doctors_." - -C. C. C. - -_The Number Seven_ (Vol. v., p. 533.).--MR. HENRY EDWARDS is quite right in -his conjecture that the number _seven_, so often used in the Old and New -Testament, is generally put to mean "several," "many," or an indefinite -number. Hence the number seven was esteemed a sacred, symbolical, and -mystical number. There were seven gifts of the Holy Ghost, seven days in -the week, seven sacraments, seven branches on the candlestick of Moses, -seven liberal arts, seven churches of Asia, seven mysterious seals, seven -stars, seven symbolic trumpets, seven heads of the dragon, seven joys and -seven sorrows of the blessed Virgin, seven penitential psalms, seven deadly -sins, seven canonical hours, &c. &c. - -"Septenarius numerus est numerus universitatis," says J. de Voragine. See -also, Bede, Duranti, and Rhabanus Maurus, on the mystical explanation of -this number. A curious French MS. belonging to the latter part of the -thirteenth century has a singular illustration of the number seven. It is a -miniature: a wheel cut into seven rays, and composed of seven concentric -cordons. The rays form seven compartments, divided into as many cordons, -containing in each cordon one of the seven petitions of the Lord's Prayer, -one of the seven sacraments, one of the seven spiritual arms of justice, -one of the seven works of mercy, one of the seven virtues, one of the seven -deadly sins, and one of the seven gifts of the Holy Ghost. - -CEYREP. - -_Commentators_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--The original verses are -Young's:-- - - "How commentators each dark passage shun, - And hold their farthing candle to the sun. - _The Love of Fame_, Satire vii. - -L. X. R. - -_Banning or Bayning Family_ (Vol. v., p. 536.).--This surname is traced in -Ireland on _record_ from the time of Richard II., while the native -annalists represent it with that Milesian prefix which old Alvary so -ingraciously attaints--"_O datur ambiguis_." These annalists mark Patrick -"O'Bainan" Bishop of Connor in 1152, and Gelasius "O'Banan" Bishop of -Clogher in 1316. The records that I have alluded to spell the name -"Bannyn," or "Banent." In 1620 Creconnaght "Bannan" was seised of lands in -Ulster; and in the army raised for the service of King James, while in this -country in 1689, William Bannan was a quartermaster in Colonel Nicholas -Purcel's regiment of {618} horse. I have reason myself to know that two -families of "Banon" still exist here. - -JOHN D'ALTON. - -Dublin. - -_Tortoiseshell Tom Cat_ (Vol. v., p. 465.).--I always thought the -tortoiseshell tom cat was an animal of very rare occurrence; but I was not -aware, until I read the Note of your correspondent W. R., that it was -unknown in natural history. The late (and highly respected) Mr. John -Bannister, familiarly called "Jack Bannister," wrote, more than forty years -ago, a humorous and witty _jeu d'esprit_ on this subject: this was composed -for his "Budget," a species of entertainment from which the late Mr. -Matthews took the idea of his "At Home;" an entertainment exhibiting a most -extraordinary range of talent, and must be fresh in the memory of most of -your readers. It supposes the auctioneer, "Mr. Catseye," in the Great Room -in "Cateaton Street," and opens thus: - - "Oh! what a story the papers have been telling us - About a little animal of wond'rous price; - Who but an auctioneer would ever think of selling us, - For two hundred yellow-boys, a trap for mice?" - &c. &c. - -Having, humorously described the company assembled, and enlarged on the -"beauty and rarity" of the animal, it thus concludes: - - "Now louder and warmer the competition growing, - Politeness nearly banished in the grand _fracas_; - Two hundred, two hundred and thirty-three--a-going! - Gone! Never cat of _talents_ surely met avidly such _eclat_! - E'en nine or ten fine gentlemen were in the fashion caught as well, - As ladies in their bidding for this purring piece of tortoiseshell. - And the buyer bore him off in triumph, after all the fun was done, - And bells rang, as if Whittington had been Lord Mayor of London; - Mice and rats flung up their hats, to find that cats so scarce were, - And mouse-trap makers raised their prices cent. per cent.!" - -M. W. B. - -_A Tombstone cut by Baskerville_ (Vol. v., p. 209.).--A correspondent -complains that on visiting Edgbaston Church he was unable to obtain a sight -of the tombstone, which he much wished to see. Since I read his Note, I -have met with the following, which I copy from Pye's _Modern Birmingham_, -1819. After speaking of a monument in Handsworth Church, Birmingham, to the -late Matthew Boulton, the writer proceeds: - - "The other is a humble tombstone, remarkable as being one of the last - works cut by his own hand, with his name at the top of it, of that - celebrated typographer, Baskerville; but this, being neglected by the - relations of the deceased, has been mutilated, although the inscription - is still perfect, but so much overgrown with moss and weeds, that it - requires more discrimination than falls to the lot of many passing - travellers, to discover the situation of this neglected gem. To those - who are curious it will be found close to the wall, immediately under - the chancel window. This precious relic of that eminent man is - deserving of being removed at the expense of the parish, and preserved - with the greatest care, withinside the church.... There is only one - other of his cuttings known to be in existence, and that has lately - been removed and placed withinside the church at Edgbaston--" - -Which is subsequently thus described: - - "There was in this churchyard a gravestone cut by the hands of the - celebrated typographer Baskerville, which is now removed and placed - withinside the church. The stone being of a flaky nature, the - inscription is not quite perfect, but whoever takes delight in - well-formed letters, may here be highly gratified; it was erected to - the memory of Edw. Richards, an idiot, who died 21st September, 1728, - with the following inscription:-- - - 'If innocents are the favourites of heaven, - And God but little asks where little's given, - My great Creator has for me in store - Eternal joys; what wise man can have more?'" - -I am sorry I cannot just now give any further information, but hope this -Note will be new to some of your readers, and interesting to all. - -ESTE. - -_Shakspeare, Tennyson, &c._ (Vol. v., p. 492.).--The editorial note has -supplied the Latin parallel, but not "the origin and reason of the idea." -This Koenig's note to Persius (I. 40.) will do: - - "_Nascentur violae_; Hoc inde videtur natum esse quod veteres tumulos - mortuorum sparsis floribus et corollis solebant ornate; pertinebat hoc - ad religionem manium, qui, ut putabatur, libationibus annuis, coronis, - floribus, cet. delectabantur." - -This is the first step. Further: - - "Beatissima mortui conditio, cui _vel natura ipsa inferias agat_, - floribus in tumulo sponte nascentibus, videtur indicari." - -Lastly: - - "Videtur quoque privata nonnullorum opinio fuisse, _cinerem in flores - mutari, idque contingere non nisi probis ac pulchris_ (_Anthol. Lat._); - ex fabulis heroum in flores post mortem mutatorum fortasse nata." - -This last, and deepest thought, is that seized on by Shakspeare and -Tennyson. Koenig gives many parallels. - -A. A. D. - -_Rhymes on Places_ (Vol. v., pp. 293. 374. 500. 547.).--The following -rhymes (if so they can be termed) respecting the exploits of a certain -giant named Bell, and his wonderful sorrel horse, whose leaps were each a -mile long, are, or were a few {619} years since, prevalent in this -neighbourhood among the inhabitants of the villages therein mentioned. The -legend has been noticed by Peck: - - "Mountsorrel he mounted at, - Rodely[12] he rode by, - Onelept[13] he leaped o'er, - At Birstall he burst his gall, - And Belgrave he was buried at." - -LEICESTRIENSIS. - -[Footnote 12: Now Rothley.] - -[Footnote 13: Now Wanlip.] - -The following I had years ago from a Buckinghamshire gentleman: - - "_Tring_, _Wing_, and _Ivinghoe_, - Three dirty villages all in a row, - And never without a rogue or two. - Would you know the reason why? - _Leighton Buzzard_ is hard by." - -J. EASTWOOD. - -_Birthplace of Josephine_ (Vol. v., p. 220.).--MR. BREEN'S able and -interesting Note seems to establish beyond dispute that Josephine was born -in St. Lucia, and not, as is commonly supposed, in Martinique. - -But can MR. BREEN, or any other of your correspondents, speak to this still -more curious Query, whether or no she had African blood in her veins? I -heard it confidently asserted lately by a gentleman of high standing on -this island, who has business relations with Martinique, that such was the -case, and that either the grandmother or great-grandmother of the Empress -was a negress slave. He had the fact, he said, on good local authority, and -appeared satisfied in his own mind of the truth of the statement. The -sudden and surprising elevation of her grandson gives some interest to the -inquiry. - -A. KER. - -Antigua. - -_The Curse of Scotland_ (Vol. i., pp. 61. 90.; Vol. iii., pp. 22. 253. 423. -483.).-- - - "There is a common expression made use of at cards, which I have never - heard any explanation of; I mean the nine of diamonds being commonly - called the Curse of Scotland. - - "Looking lately over a book of heraldry I found nine diamonds, or - lozenges, conjoined, or, in the heraldic language, Gules, a cross of - lozenges, to be the arms of Packer. - - "Colonel Packer appears to have been one of the persons who was on the - scaffold when Charles the First was beheaded, and afterwards commanded - in Scotland, and is recorded to have acted in his command with - considerable severity. It is possible that his arms might, by a very - easy metonymy, be called the Curse of Scotland; and the nine of - diamonds, at cards, being very similar in figure to them, might have - ever since retained the appellation."--_Gent. Mag._, vol. lvi. p. 301. - - "I cannot tell whence he learns that Colonel Packer was on the scaffold - when King Charles was beheaded."--_Ibid._, p. 390. - - "When the Duke of York (a little before his succession to the crown) - came to Scotland, he and his suite introduced a new game, there called - _Comet_, where the ninth of diamonds is an important card. The Scots - who were to learn the game, felt it to their cost: and from that - circumstance the ninth of diamonds was nicknamed the Curse of - Scotland."--_Ibid._, p. 538. - - "The nine of diamonds is called the Curse of Scotland because it is the - great winning card at Comette, which was a game introduced into - Scotland by the French attendants of Mary of Lorraine, queen of James - V., to the ruin of many Scotch families."--_Ibid._, p. 968. - -The explanation supplied by the game of Pope Joan is doubtless the correct -one. - -GOODLUCK. - -_Waller Family_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--Francis Waller, of Amersham, Bucks, -grandfather of Edmund Waller the poet, by his will, dated 13th of January, -1548-49, entails his mansion house in Beaconsfield, and other estates in -Bucks, Herts, &c., on the child of which his wife Anne is "now pregnant," -with remainders to his two brothers, Thomas and Edmund, in tail, with -divers remainders over, to Francis Waller, son of his brother Ralph Waller, -and the heirs of his "sister Pope" and his sister Davys. The lady in -question was of the Beaconsfield branch of the Wallers, and great aunt to -the poet. (From the family muniments.) - -LAMBERT H. LARKING. - -"_After me the Deluge_" (Vol. iii., pp. 299. 397.).--The modern, whoever he -may be, can only lay claim to reviving this proverb of selfishness, which -was branded by Cicero long ago: - - "Illa vox inhumana et scelerata ducitur, eorum, qui negant se recusare, - quo minus, ipsis mortuis, terrarum omnium deflagratio consequatur, quod - vulgari quodam versu Graeco [[Greek: Emou Thanontos gaia michtheto - puri]] pronuntiari solet." - -This passage occurs in his treatise _De Finibus_, III. xix., vol. xiv. p. -341. Valpy's edition, 1830. - -MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. - -_Sun-Dial Motto_ (Vol. v., p. 499.).--Y. is informed that Hazlitt, in his -_Sketches and Essays_, has an essay on a sun-dial, beginning with these -words: - - "_Horas non numero nisi serenas_, is the motto of a sun-dial near - Venice." - -In _La Gnomonique Pratique_ of Francois de Celles, 8vo., there is pretty -long list of Latin mottos for sun-dials, but I do not find the above -amongst them. It scarcely reads like a classical quotation. - -ROBERT SNOW. - -_Lines by Lord Palmerston_ (Vol. i., p. 382.; Vol. ii., p. 30. Vol. iii., -p. 28.).--In Vol. i., p. 328., INDAGATOR inquired whether there was any -{620} authority for attributing to the late Lord Palmerston the beautiful -lines on the loss of his lady, beginning,-- - - "Whoe'er like me his heart's whole treasure brings." - -INDAGATOR says they have been supposed to be Hawksworth's and S. S. S. -(Vol. ii., p. 30.) that they have been also attributed to Mason. I can -state, _from the best authority_, that they are Lord Palmerston's. My -authority needs no extrinsic confirmation, but I may as well observe that -INDAGATOR has himself sufficiently disposed of Hawksworth's claim, as his -wife was still alive when the lines appeared; and the conjecture of S. S. -S. is obviously a confusion of Lord Palmerston's lines with those of -Mason's (whose wife died at Bristol), beginning-- - - "Take, holy earth, all that my soul holds dear." - -But another of your correspondents, A. B. (Vol. iii., p. 28.), or your -printer, has made a mistake on this point which I cannot account for. A. B. -says that he inquired after the author of the lines beginning-- - - "Stranger, whoe'er thou art that viewest this tomb;" - -and this statement is headed with a reference to INDAGATOR'S inquiry about -Lord Palmerston, to which it had no reference whatsoever. I do not remember -to have seen A. B.'s inquiry, but it assuredly has nothing to do with -INDAGATOR'S which I have now set at rest. - -C. - -_Indian Jugglers_ (Vol. iv., p. 472.).--In looking over some former Numbers -I find an inquiry under this head. N. will find a full account of some of -these wonderful and apparently inexplicable performances in the _Dublin -University Magazine_. I have not a set to refer to, but the papers appeared -about three or four years ago. - -ESTE. - -_Sons of the Conqueror_ (Vol. v., pp. 512. 570.).--I believe after all that -Sir N. Wraxall is right. According to the old chroniclers, _three_ members -of the Conqueror's family met their death in the New Forest. - -1. _Richard_, his _second son_, is said to have been killed by a stag in -the New Forest when hunting, and to have been buried at Winchester in the -choir of the cathedral there. - -2. _Henry_, youngest son of Robert, Duke of Normandy, and _grandson_ of the -Conqueror, was accidentally slain in the New Forest. - -3. _William Rufus_, third son of the Conqueror, fell in a similar way and -in the same place. - -J. R. W. - -Bristol. - -_Saint Wilfred's Needle_ (Vol. v., pp. 510. 573.).--A very interesting -account of this curious crypt beneath the central tower of Ripon Cathedral -will be found in a pamphlet published twelve years ago, entitled -"_Sepulchri a Romanis Constructi infra Ecclesiam S. Wilfridi in civitate -Reponensi Descriptio Auctore Gul. D. Bruce_. London 1841." A copy is in the -library of the Society of Antiquaries, and another in the British Museum. - -D. W. - -_Frebord_ (Vol. v., p. 440.).--It may possibly assist the inquiries of your -correspondents SPES and P. M. M. to be informed that the right of Frebord -belongs to many estates in the midland counties. In some instances in -Leicestershire the claim extends from the boundary hedge of one lordship to -the extent of twenty-one feet over the land of the adjoining lordship; it -is here understood to represent a _deer's leap_, and is said to have been -given with the original grant of the manor, in order to secure to the lord -a right to take the deer he happened to shoot when in the act of leaping -from his domain into his neighbour's manor. - -KT. - -Aylestone. - -_Royd_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--The meaning of this word may be further -illustrated by reference to Swiss etymology and history. The great battle -of Naefels (April 9, 1388) is celebrated on the first Thursday of every -April, on the spot where the fiercest part of the struggle took place. -Mount _Ruti_, the meadow where the liberators of Switzerland met, on the -lake of the Four Cantons, and opposite Brunner, is called the Rutli: both -words being derived from a common root of common use in the formation of -names in German Switzerland, _Ruten-defricher_, "to clear;" or, _Ruthen_, -"to measure, gauge;" in short, "prepare for clearing;" whence, perhaps, our -_Ruthyn_ and Rutland. - -H. P. S. - -_Spy Wednesday_ (Vol. v., p. 511.).--Your correspondent MR. CHADWICK is -informed that the Wednesday in Holy Week, _i. e._ the Wednesday before -Easter Sunday, is called _Spy Wednesday_. The term has its origin in the -fact, that Judas made his compact with the Sanhedrim upon that day for the -betrayal of our Blessed Saviour. See Matthew, xxvi. 3, 4, 5. 14, 15, and -16. - -CEYREP. - -_Book of Jasher_ (Vol. v., pp. 415. 476. 524.).--Hartwell Horne, in his -_Introduction_ (vol. ii. part ii. pp. 132-138. ed. 1839), has with much -diligence exposed both Ilive's original forgery (1751) and the -"unacknowledged reprint" (1829). He adds: - - "There is also extant a Rabbinical Hebrew Book of Jasher printed at - _Venice_ in 1625, which is an explanation of the histories contained in - the Pentateuch and Joshua. Barlocci, in his _Biblioth. Rabbinica_, - states that it contains some curious but many fabulous things; and - particularly that this book was discovered at the time of the - destruction of the Temple of Jerusalem in a certain place, in which an - old man was shut up, in whose possession a great number of Hebrew books - were found, and among them the Book of Jasher; which was first carried - into Spain, and preserved at Seville, whence finally it was taken to - Naples, where it was first published."--Vol. iii p. 934. - -{621} - -Is this the work published at New York in 1840? I suppose so: at least, if -"Prof. Noah" has been reproducing the _Bristol Book of Jasher_ (1829), he -can claim but little of the _justice and perfectness_ of his great -namesake. - -A. A. D. - -_Stearne's (not Hearne's) Confirmation and Discovery of Witchcraft_ (Vol. -v., p. 416.).--Of this tract, inquired after by MR. CLARKE, and which is -certainly one of the most extraordinary of all the treatises on Witchcraft, -the only copy I ever saw is the one I possess, and which I have fully -described in the notes to Pott's _Discovery of Witches_, printed for the -Chetham Society, p. 4. The Rev. Author was no theorist, but a thoroughly -practical man; having been an agent in finding and bringing to justice 200 -witches in the eastern counties. He has the subject so perfectly at his -fingers' ends, and discusses it so scientifically, that Hopkins sinks into -insignificance by the side of him. Pity it is that such a philanthropic -individual should have had occasion to complain: "In many places I never -received penny as yet, nor any am like, except that I should sue!!" - -JAS. CROSSLEY. - -_Lines on Chaucer_ (Vol. v., p. 586.).--The lines should be quoted:-- - - "Britain's first poet, - Famous old Chaucer, - Swan-like, in dying - Sung his last song - When at his heart-strings - Death's hand was strong." - -They are taken from Hymn cxxiii. of _Hymns and Anthems_, London, C. Fox, -1841. - -[Gamma]. - -_Fairlop Oak_ (Vol. v., pp. 114. 471.).--Your correspondents J. B. COLMAN -and SHIRLEY HIBBERD will find much information relative to this oak and the -fair in a work with the following title: - - "Fairlop and its Founder, or Facts and Fun for the Forest Frolickers. - By a famed first Friday Fairgoer; contains Memoirs, Anecdotes, Poems, - Songs, &c., with the curious Will of Mr. Day, never before printed. A - very limited number printed. Tobham, Printed at Charles Clark's Private - Press. Fairlop's Friday, 1847." - -J. Russell Smith, 30. Soho Square, had several copies on sale some time -back. - -S. WISWOULD. - -_Boy Bishop at Eton_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--The festival of St. Hugh, -_Bishop_ (_Pontificis_) of Lincoln, was kept on November 17. - -For "Nihilensis," in the "Consuetudinarium Etonense," should be read -"Nicolatensis," as it stands in a Compatus of Winchester College, of the -date 1461: the Boy Bishop assuming his title on St. Nicholas' Day, Dec. 6, -and then performing his parody of Divine Offices for the first time; St. -Nicholas of Myra being, according to the legend, the patron of children. - -It is singular that, whereas, as in other foundations, the Feast of the -Holy Innocents was appointed for the mummeries of the Boy Bishop at -Winchester by the founder, it was forbidden at Eton and King's, although -the statutes of the latter were borrowed almost literally from those of -Wykeham. It would therefore appear that there was some local reason for the -exception. - -MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. - -_Plague Stones--Mr. Mompesson_ (Vol. v., p. 571.).--I should be sorry that -anything inaccurate was recorded in "N. & Q." respecting so eminently -worthy a person as the Rev. William Mompesson, Rector of Eyam during the -time that it was scourged by the plague in 1666, when, out of a population -of only 330, 259 died of the disorder. Mr. M. himself did not fall a -victim, as J. G. C. states; but his wife did, and her tomb remains to this -day. He was, indeed, an ornament to his sacred profession. He not only -stood by his flock in the hour of their visitation, but he obtained such an -influence during the panic that they entirely deferred to his judgment, and -remained, as he advised, within the village. He preached to them on Sundays -in the open air from a sort of natural pulpit in the rock, now called -Cucklet Church; and he established the water troughs, or _plague stones_, -into which the people dropped their money, in payment for the victuals that -were brought to them from the surrounding country. When in reward for his -devotedness the Deanery of Lincoln was offered him, he generously declined -it in favour of his friend Dr. Fuller, author of the _Worthies of England_, -who thus obtained the appointment. Mr. Mompesson was subsequently presented -to the living of Eakring in Notts, where he died in 1708. - -There has recently been discovered on the moor near Fullwood, by Sheffield, -a chalybeate spring, which flows into a small covered recess formed of -ashlar stone, and this stands just as it did when the wretched inhabitants -of Eyam, believing the water to have sanatory virtues, came to drink of it, -until a watch was placed on the spot by the Sheffield people, and they were -driven back to their infected homes. - -ALFRED GATTY. - -_Raleigh's Ring_ (Vol. v., p. 538.).--Sir Walter Raleigh's ring, which he -wore at the time of his execution, is, I believe, in the possession of -Capt. Edward James Blanckley, of the 6th Foot, now serving at the Cape of -Good Hope. It is an heirloom in the Blanckley family, of which Captain -Blanckley is the senior representative, who are directly descended from Sir -Walter, and have in their possession several interesting relics of their -great ancestor, viz. a curious tea-pot, and a state paper box of iron gilt -and red velvet. - -A DESCENDANT OF SIR WALTER'S. - -{622} - -_Pandecte, an entire Copy of the Bible_ (Vol. v., p. 557.).--Your -correspondent C. H. has noticed this word; I send you a short account of -the Irish MSS. in the Bodleian Library, which I laid some time ago before -the Royal Irish Academy, and which is printed in their _Proceedings_, vol. -v. p. 162. I have there noticed a curious work by Oengus Cele De, or Oengus -the Culdee, a writer of the eighth century, in which the word _Pandecte_ -(or, as the Irish scribe spells it, _Pantecte_) is used in the same sense -as that in which Alcuin employs it, for the _Bibliotheca_, or Bible of St. -Jerome. - -I have marked the passage, pp. 9, 10. of the enclosed paper, which if you -think it worth while you may insert. But perhaps it may be enough to refer -your readers to the above-mentioned volume of the _Proceedings of the Royal -Irish Academy_. - -JAS. H. TODD. - -Trin. Coll. Dublin. - - * * * * * - - -Miscellaneous. - -NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. - -If among the writers of the present day there is one whose opinion with -regard to Robin Hood and the cycle of ballads of which that renowned outlaw -is the hero would be looked for with anxiety and received with respect, it -is the Rev. Joseph Hunter, a gentleman in whom are happily combined that -thorough historical and antiquarian knowledge, and that sound poetic taste -which are required to do justice to so interesting a theme. The -announcement, therefore, that the fourth of Mr. Hunter's _Critical and -Historical Tracts_ is entitled _The Great Hero of the Ancient Minstrelsy of -England, Robin Hood_. _His Period, real Character, &c., investigated, and -perhaps ascertained_, will be received with welcome by all who rejoice -"that the world was very guilty of such ballads some three ages since," and -who, loving them and their hero, would fain know something of the history -on which they are founded. Mr. Hunter dissents, and we think rightly, from -two popular and recent theories upon the subject,--the one, that which -elevates Robin Hood into the chief of a small body of Saxons impatient of -their subjection to the Norman rule; the other, that which reduces him to -one among the "personages of the early mythology of the Teutonic people." -Mr. Hunter, on the other hand, _identifies_ him with one "Robyn Hood" who -entered the service of Edward II. a little before Christmas 1323, and -continued therein somewhat less than a twelvemonth: - - "Alas then said good Robyn, - Alas and well a woo, - If I dwele longer with the kynge - Sorowe wyll me sloo:" - -and the evidence which he adduces in favour of our popular hero having been -one of the _Contrariantes_ of the reign of the Second Edward; and the -coincidences which he points out between the minstrel testimony of the -_Little Geste_ and the testimony of records of different kinds and lying in -different places, will, we are sure, be read with great interest even by -those who may not think that our author has quite succeeded in unmasking -the "Junius" of those olden times. - -_Richmondshire, its Ancient Lords and Edifices: a Concise Guide to the -Localities of Interest to the Tourist and Antiquary; with short Notes of -Memorable Men_, by W. Hylton Longstaffe, is a pleasant, chatty, and amusing -guide to a beautiful locality, which the author describes as "the capital -of a land whose riches of romance are scarcely exceeded by any other in -England, the chosen seat of its own Earls, the Scropes, Fitzhughs, -Marmions; and those setters up and pullers down of kings, the richest, -noblest, and most prudent race of the North, the lordly Nevilles:" and -which as such may well tempt the tourist and antiquary to visit it during -the coming autumn. Those who do will find Mr. Longstaffe's little volume a -pleasant companion. - -BOOKS RECEIVED.--The second volume of Charlotte A. Eaton's _Rome in the -Nineteenth Century, containing, a Complete Account of the Ruins of the -Ancient City, the Remains of the Middle Ages, and the Monuments of Modern -Times_, which completes this lady's excellent guide to the Eternal -City.--The second volume of Miss Thomasina Ross's well-executed translation -of Humboldt's _Personal Narrative of Travels to the Equinoctial Regions of -America during the Years 1799-1804_, is the new volume of Bohn's -_Scientific Library_.--_The Analogy of Religion, Natural and Revealed, to -the Constitution and Course of Nature; to which are added Two Brief -Dissertations; on Personal Identity, and on the Nature of Virtue; and -Fifteen Sermons_, by Joseph Butler, D.C.L., _late Lord Bishop of -Durham_.--The new volume of Bohn's _Standard Library_ is deserving of -especial mention. It is a reprint of Bishop Halifax's Standard Edition, -with the addition of Analytical Introductions, and Notes by a Member of the -University of Oxford; and we have no doubt will be found a really useful -_popular_ edition, such as may allure to the careful study of one of the -best works in our language those minds which, without such help, might -shrink from the task. - - * * * * * - -BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES - -WANTED TO PURCHASE. - -MAHON'S ENGLAND, 4 Vols. - -SCOTT'S LADY OF THE LAKE. - ----- LAY OF THE LAST MINSTREL. - ----- MARMION. - - The original 4to. editions in boards. - -FLANAGAN ON THE ROUND TOWERS OF IRELAND. 4to. 1843. - -A NARRATIVE OF THE PROCEEDINGS IN THE DOUGLAS CAUSE. London, Griffin. 8vo. -1767. - -CLARE'S POEMS. Fcap. 8vo. Last edition. - -MALLET'S ELVIRA. - -MAGNA CHARTA; a Sermon at the Funeral of Lady Farewell, by George Newton. -London, 1661. - -CHAUCER'S POEMS. Vol. I. Aldine Edition. - -BIBLIA SACRA, Vulg. Edit., cum Commentar. Menochii. Alost and Ghent, 1826. -Vol. I. - -BARANTE, DUCS DE BOURGOGNE. Vols. I. and II. 1st, 2nd, or 3rd Edit. Paris. -Ladvocat, 1825. - -BIOGRAPHIA AMERICANA, by a Gentleman of Philadelphia. - -POTGIESERI DE CONDITIONE SERVORUM APUD GERMANOS. 8vo. Col. Agrip. - -THE COMEDIES OF SHADWELL may be had on application to the Publisher of "N. -& Q." - -*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be -sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. - - * * * * * - -{623} - -Notices to Correspondents. - -REPLIES RECEIVED.--_Optical Phenomenon_--_The Number Seven_--_Exterior -Stoup (several)_--_Etymology of Fetch and Haberdasher_--_Passage in "As You -Like It"_--_The Name Charing_--_Etymology of Camarthen_--_Venit ad -Euphratem_--_Mexican Literature_--_Surname of Devil_--_Family Likenesses, -&c._--_Toad Eater_--_Lines on the Crawford Family_--_Algernon -Sydney_--_Monody on Death of Sir John Moore_--_Flanagan on the Round -Towers_--_Use of Slings by Early Britons_--_Giving the Sack_--_How the -ancient Irish crowned their Kings_--_Papal Seal_--_Plague -Stones_--_Wicliffe, &c._--_Mother Carey's Chickens_--_Cranes in -Storms_--_Unicorns, &c._ - -J. SMYTH (Dublin). _The line referred to_-- - - "_Fine_ by degrees, and beautifully less," - -_is from Prior's_ Henry and Emma. _See, for further illustration of it_, -"N. & Q.," No. 69., p. 154. - -L. H. I. T. _will find much illustration of the oft-quoted passage from -Sterne, "God tempers the wind," in our_ 1st Vol., pp. 211. 236. 325. 357. -418. - -W. Cl._'s Query respecting a remarkable experiment in our next._ - -LINES ON ENGLISH HISTORY. _We have forwarded to_ AN ENGLISH MOTHER one _of -the copies so kindly sent by_ E. C. _One we retain for our own use. The -lines forwarded by_ SEWARG _are very generally known: not so those inquired -by_ MAERIS, _beginning_ - - "William and William, and Henry and Stephen, - And Henry the Second, to make the first even;" - -_and of which we should be very glad to receive a copy._ - -B. B. _We shall be very glad to see the_ Iter _to which our Correspondent -refers._ - -H. P. S., _who inquires for the author of_ - - "Tempora mutantur," &c., - -_is referred to our_ 1st Vol., pp. 234. 419. - -S. S. S. _Richard II. inherited the White Hart as a badge from his mother -Joan, the Fair Maid of Kent. The Red Rose was the badge of Henry IV._ - -SIRNAMES. _We have forwarded the curious list sent us by_ A.C.M., _and the -Notes by_ MISS BOCKETT _and_ E. H. A., _to_ MR. LOWER. - -ERRATA.--Page 477. col. 1. l. 43. and 46. for "Marco_n_cies," read -"Marco_u_cies;" l. 51., for "Montag_n_" read "Montag_u_;" col. 2 l. 1., for -"Robert_i_" read "Robert_o_." - - * * * * * - - -WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, - -3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. - -Founded A.D. 1842. - - _Directors._ - H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. - William Cabell, Esq. - T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. - G. Henry Drew, Esq. - William Evans, Esq. - William Freeman, Esq. - F. Fuller, Esq. - J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. - T. Grissell, Esq. - James Hunt, Esq. - J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. - E. Lucas, Esq. - James Lys Seager, Esq. - J. Basley White, Esq. - Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. - - _Trustees._ - W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; - L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; - George Drew, Esq. - -_Consulting Counsel._--Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P. - -_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. - -_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. - -VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. - -POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary -difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to -suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on -the Prospectus. - -Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in -three-fourths of the Profits:-- - - Age L s. d. - 17 1 14 4 - 22 1 18 8 - 27 2 4 5 - 32 2 10 8 - 37 2 18 6 - 42 3 8 2 - -ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. - -Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, -INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING -SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in -the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a -Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR -SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. -Parliament Street, London. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY.--J. B. HOCKIN & CO., OPERATIVE CHEMISTS, 289. STRAND, -manufacture all the PURE chemicals used in this art; also Apparatus for the -Glass, Paper, and Daguerreotype Processes. Achromatic Lens and Camera from -35s. Instruction in the art. - -Agents for "Archer's Iodised Collodion and Improved Camera," which obviates -the necessity for a dark room. - -Electrotyping in all its branches. - -Chemical Cabinets for experimental and analytical purposes. Apparatus for -gold assaying, and instruction therein. - - * * * * * - - -CIGARS OF THE CHOICEST IMPORTATIONS at GREATLY REDUCED PRICES for CASH. The -First Class Brands. "Ptarga," "Flor Cabana," &c., 28s. per pound. British -Cigars from 8s. 6d. per pound. Lord Byron's, 14s. 6d., very fine flavour. -Genuine Latakia, 10s. 6d. per pound, delicious aroma. Every Description of -Eastern and American Tobaccos. Meerschaum Pipes, Cigar Cases, Stems, Porte -Monnaies, &c. &c. of the finest qualities, considerably under the Trade -Prices. - -J. F. VARLEY & CO., Importers. - -The HAVANNAH STORES, 364. Oxford Street, opposite the Princess's Theatre. - - * * * * * - - -MOURNING.--COURT, FAMILY, and COMPLIMENTARY.--The Proprietor of THE LONDON -GENERAL MOURNING WAREHOUSE begs respectfully to remind families whose -bereavements compel them to adopt Mourning Attire, that every article of -the very best description, requisite for a complete outfit of Mourning, may -be had at this Establishment at a moment's notice. - -ESTIMATES FOR SERVANTS' MOURNING, affording a great saving to families, are -furnished; whilst the habitual attendance of experienced assistants -(including dressmakers and milliners), enables them to suggest or supply -every necessary for the occasion, and suited to any grade or condition of -the community. WIDOWS' AND FAMILY MOURNING is always kept made up, and a -note, descriptive of the Mourning required, will insure its being sent -forthwith, either in Town or into the Country, and on the most Reasonable -Terms. - -W. C. JAY, 247-249. Regent Street. - - * * * * * - - -QUEENWOOD COLLEGE, NEAR STOCKBRIDGE, HANTS. - -_Principal_--GEORGE EDMONDSON. - -_Natural Philosophy._--Dr. John Tyndall, F.R.S., Foreign Member of the -Physical Society, Berlin. - -_Chemistry._--Dr. H. Debus, late Assistant in the Laboratory of Professor -Bunsen, and Chemical Lecturer in the University of Marburg. - -_Classics and History._--Mr. Henry Phelan, T. C. D. - -_Modern Languages and Foreign Literature._--Mr. John Haas, from M. de -Fellenberg's Institution, Hofwyl, Switzerland. - -_Geodesy._--Mr. Richard P. Wright. - -_Painting and Drawing._--Mr. Richard P. Wright. - -_English and Elementary Mathematics._--Mr. Henry Taylor, late Pupil of M. -de Fellenberg. - -_Music._--Mr. Cornwall. - -_Farm Superintendent._--Mr. Richard Davis--Farm, 800 acres. - -TERMS. - - For Pupils under 12 years of age 40l. per ann. - " from 12 to 16 50 " - " above 16 60 " - -For further information see Prospectuses, to be had of the Principal. - -The Second Session of 1852 commences on the 29th of July. - - * * * * * - - -Miss Agnes Strickland's - -NEW SERIES OF - -ROYAL FEMALE BIOGRAPHIES. - -LIVES OF THE QUEENS OF SCOTLAND, AND ENGLISH PRINCESSES CONNECTED WITH THE -REGAL SUCCESSION, in 6 vols., post 8vo., with Portraits and Historical -Vignettes, uniform with "Lives of the Queens of England," by the same -Author. Vols. I. and II. are published, price 10s. 6d. each, containing-- - -MARGARET TUDOR, Queen of James IV. - -MAGDALENE OF FRANCE, First Queen of James V. - -MARY of LORRAINE, second Queen of James V., and Mother of Mary Queen of -Scots. - -MARGARET DOUGLAS, Countess of Lennox, and Mother of Darnley. - -VOL. III. will contain the Life of MARY QUEEN of SCOTS. - - "Every step in Scotland is historical; the shades of the dead arise on - every side; the very rocks breathe. Miss Strickland's talents as a - writer, and turn of mind as an individual, in a peculiar manner fit her - for painting a historical gallery of the most illustrious or dignified - female characters in that land of chivalry and song."--_Blackwood's - Magazine._ - - WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS, - Edinburgh and London. - - * * * * * - - -This day is published, price 8s., in post 8vo. cloth gilt, with numerous -engravings, - -THE CELT, THE ROMAN, and THE SAXON. A History of the early Inhabitants of -Britain down to the conversion of the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity. -Illustrated by the Ancient Remains brought to light by recent Research. By -THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. - - ARTHUR HALL, VIRTUE, & CO., - 25. Paternoster Row. - - * * * * * - - -TO BOOK BUYERS. - -Just published, Gratis and Post Free on application, - -THE EXETER BOOK CIRCULAR: being a Catalogue of Second-hand Books of all -Classes; comprising Theology, Classics, History, Biography, Voyages, and -Travels, &c. in good condition, and warranted perfect, now offered for sale -by ADAM HOLDEN, Exeter. - - * * * * * - - -{624} - -8vo., price 12s. - -A MANUAL OF ECCLESIASTICAL HISTORY, from the First to the Twelfth Century -inclusive. By the Rev. E. S. FOULKES, M.A., fellow and Tutor of Jesus -College, Oxford. - -The main plan of the work has been borrowed from Spanheim, a learned, -though certainly not unbiassed, writer of the seventeenth century; the -matter compiled from Spondanus and Spanheim, Mosheim and Fleury, Gieseler -and Doellinger, and others, who have been used too often to be specified, -unless when reference to them appeared desirable for the benefit of the -reader. Yet I believe I have never once trusted to them on a point -involving controversy, without examining their authorities. The one object -that I have had before me has been to condense facts, without either -garbling or omitting any that should be noticed in a work like the present, -and to give a fair and impartial view of the whole state of the -case.--_Preface._ - - "An epitomist of Church History has a task of no ordinary greatness.... - He must combine the rich faculties of condensation and analysis, of - judgment in the selection of materials, and calmness in the expression - of opinions, with that most excellent gift of faith, so especially - precious to Church historians, which implies a love for the Catholic - cause, a reverence for its saintly champions, an abhorrence of the - misdeeds which have defiled it, and a confidence that its 'truth is - great, and will prevail.' - - "And among other qualifications which may justly be attributed to the - author of the work before us, this last and highest is particularly - observable. He writes in a spirit of manly faith, and is not afraid of - facing 'the horrors and uncertainties,' which, to use his own words, - are to be found in Church history."--_From the Scottish Ecclesiastical - Journal, May, 1852._ - -JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London. - - * * * * * - - -THE HISTORY of the PAINTERS OF ALL NATIONS. Now ready, the First Part of a -Magnificent Work in Quarto, under the above title, printed on the best -paper, and produced in the most perfect style of Typography, containing THE -LIFE OF MURILLO, with a Portrait, and Eight Specimens of his choicest -Works, including the "Conception of the Virgin," lately purchased by the -French Government for the sum of 23,440l. This beautiful Work, to the -preparation of which many years have already been devoted, will comprise -the "Lives of the Greatest Masters" of the Flemish, Dutch, Italian, -Spanish, English, French and German Schools, with their Portraits, and -Specimens of their most Celebrated Works, from Drawings and Engravings by -the first Artists of England and France. The Editorship of the Work has -been confided to MR. M. DIGBY WYATT, Author of "The Industrial Arts of the -Nineteenth Century," &c. &c., whose deep study of the Fine Arts, as well as -of the connexion which should exist between their culture and industrial -progress, will enable him to confer a utilitarian value upon the Work by a -judicious arrangement of the whole, and the supply of Original Notes and -Contributions. - -The Parts will appear on the First of every Month, at 2s. each; and will be -supplied through every Bookseller in Town and Country. - -JOHN CASSELL, Ludgate Hill, London. - - * * * * * - - -In crown 8vo. with Woodcuts, price 14s. cloth, - -THE GREAT EXHIBITION and LONDON in 1851 review by DR. LARDNER, &c. - - "An instructive and varied memento of the Great - Exhibition."--_Spectator._ - - "Dr. Lardner's book is not so much a detailed account of the objects - exhibited, or all the facts concerning that remarkable display, as - essays on several branches of art illustrated by objects that were in - the Exhibition. His work will be long valuable as a record of the - progress of knowledge. It has much scientific accuracy without its - harshness."--_Economist._ - -London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. - - * * * * * - - -THE TRAVELLER'S LIBRARY. - -On Wednesday, June 30, will be published, in 16mo. price 1s. - -THE NATURAL HISTORY of CREATION. By T. LINDLEY KEMP, M.D., Author of -"Agricultural Physiology," &c. - -Also, on the same day, in 16mo., price 1s., - -BRITTANY and the BIBLE: With remarks on the French People and their -Affairs. By I. HOPE. - -*** The above works will form the 23d and 24th Parts of THE TRAVELLER'S -LIBRARY. - -Just published in this Series, - -Mrs. JAMESON'S SKETCHES in CANADA and RAMBLES among the RED MEN. Price 2s. -6d.; or in Two Parts, 1s. each. - -London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. - - * * * * * - - -NEW EDITION, CORRECTED TO 1852. - -Just published, in 1 vol. 8vo. with woodcuts, price 3l. cloth; or 3l. 5s. -half-bound in Russia, with flexible back. - -BRANDE'S DICTIONARY of SCIENCE, LITERATURE, and ART: Second Edition, -corrected; with a Supplement, containing numerous Additions, together with -the chief Scientific Terms, Processes, and Improvements that have come into -general use since the Publication of the First Edition. - -*** The Supplement may be had separately, price 3s. 6d. - - "Professor BRANDE'S valuable DICTIONARY has reached a Second Edition; - and is rendered still more valuable by a Supplement, which extends the - original 1,343 pages to nearly a hundred more, in which some of the - latest discoveries are very fully treated of. We may cite, for - instance, the accounts given of the screw propelling power and the - tubular bridges."--_Examiner._ - -London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. - - * * * * * - - -In 1 vol., medium 8vo., price 14s. cloth, - -DR. ROGET'S THESAURUS of ENGLISH WORDS and PHRASES Classified and Arranged -as to Facilitate the Expression of Ideas and assist in Literary -Composition. - - "There cannot be the slightest doubt that, upon the whole, it is one of - the most learned as well as one of the most admirable contributions - that have been made to philology in this country since the 'Hermes' of - Harris, and the 'Diversions of Purley' by Horne Tooke."--_Observer._ - - "Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus' will be found a most useful supplement to our - ordinary English dictionaries. Its value will be most recognised by - those who are best acquainted with the language, and best practised in - its use. The mere arrangement of the groups of words, unaccompanied by - definitions, suggests often various ideas associated with the different - expressions. In such practical operation as translation from a foreign - language, the utility of such a Thesaurus is obvious."--_Literary - Gazette._ - - "The man who in writing cannot find the fit word to express a thought, - may, if it please him, take down Dr. Roget's 'Thesaurus,' look for the - class containing any word of similar idea, and there he will find a - miscellaneous collection, as complete as the compiler could make it, of - words and phrases from which he may employ his tact to pick the - syllables that suit him best.... The practical employer of the book - will be directed to the object of his search by a full Synopsis of - Categories at the beginning, or a very ample alphabetical index of - words placed at the end, occupying 170 three-columned pages. The - philosophic student of the English language may undoubtedly pick up - many ideas from the grouping of our words and vulgarisms here - attempted, and attempted with a great deal of success."--_Examiner._ - -London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, and LONGMANS. - - * * * * * - - -BOOK PLATES.--Heraldic Queries answered; Family Arms found, and every -information afforded. Drawing of Arms, 2s. 6d.; Painting ditto, 5s.; Book -Plate Crest, 5s.; Arms, &c. from 20s.; Crest on Card Plate, and One Hundred -Cards, 8s.; Queries answered for 1s. Saxon, Mediaeval, and Modern Style -Book Plates. The best Authorities and MS. Books of thirty-five years' -practice consulted. Heraldic Stamps for Linen or Books, with reversed -Cyphers and Crests. Apply, if by letter, enclosing stamps or post-office -order, to JAMES FRISWELL (Son-in-law to J. Rumley, publisher of "The Crest -Book," "Heraldic Illustrations"), Heraldic Engraver, 12. Brooke Street, -Holborn. - - * * * * * - - -Foolscap 8vo. price 6s. - -THE PRACTICAL WORKING of THE CHURCH OF SPAIN. By the Rev. FREDERICK -MEYRICK, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. - - "Pleasant meadows, happy peasants, all holy monks, all holy priests, - holy every body. Such charity and such unity, when every man was a - Catholic. I once believed in this Utopia myself but when tested by - stern facts, it all melts away like dream."--_A. Welby Pugin._ - - "The revelations made by such writers as Mr. Meyrick in Spain and Mr. - Gladstone in Italy, have at least vindicated for the Church of England - a providential and morally defined position, mission, and purpose in - the Catholic Church."--_Morning Chronicle._ - - "Two valuable works ... to the truthfulness of which we are glad to add - our own testimony: one, and the most important, is Mr. Meyrick's - 'Practical Working of the Church of Spain.' This is the experience--and - it is the experience of every Spanish traveller--of a thoughtful - person, as to the lamentable results of unchecked Romanism. Here is the - solid substantial fact. Spain is divided between ultra-infidelity and - what is so closely akin to actual idolatry, that it can only be - controversially, not practically, distinguished from it: and over all - hangs a lurid cloud of systematic immorality, simply frightful to - contemplate. We can offer a direct, and even personal, testimony to all - that Mr. Meyrick has to say."--_Christian Remembrancer._ - - "I wish to recommend it strongly."--_T. K. Arnold's Theological - Critic._ - - "Many passing travellers have thrown more or less light upon the state - of Romanism and Christianity in Spain, according to their objects and - opportunities; but we suspect these 'workings' are the fullest, the - most natural, and the most trustworthy, of anything that has appeared - upon the subject since the time of Blanco White's - Confessions."--_Spectator._ - - "This honest exposition of the practical working of Romanism in Spain, - of its everyday effects, not its canons and theories, deserves the - careful study of all, who, unable to test the question abroad, are - dazzled by the distant mirage with which the Vatican mocks many a - yearning soul that thirsts after water-brooks pure and - full."--_Literary Gazette._ - -JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford, and 377. Strand, London. - - * * * * * - - -Black-letter Rarities and other Curious Books. Four Days' Sale. - -PUTTICK AND SIMPSON, Auctioneers of Literary Property, will SELL by -AUCTION, at their Great Room, 191. Piccadilly, on THURSDAY, July 1, and -three following days, a Portion of the EARLY-PRINTED ENGLISH BOOKS from the -LIBRARY of a well-known COLLECTOR, removing from Islington; among them many -of considerable rarity, some interesting and highly curious English -Poetical and other Manuscripts of early date, some Autograph Papers and -Miscellaneous Collections, formerly in the Libraries of the Rev. Joseph -Ames, F.S.A., the Rev. John Lewis, F.S.A., and Sir Peter Thompson, F.S.A., -F.R.S.; also many Interesting and Rare Works relating to America and the -Indies, &c. - -Catalogues will be sent on application (if in the Country, on receipt of -six postage stamps). - - * * * * * - - - Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. - New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; - and published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish - of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. - 186. 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