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diff --git a/42782-0.txt b/42782-0.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..82dbadb --- /dev/null +++ b/42782-0.txt @@ -0,0 +1,3088 @@ +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42782 *** + +{33} + +NOTES AND QUERIES: + +A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, +GENEALOGISTS, ETC. + +"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. + + * * * * * + + +No. 167.] +SATURDAY, JANUARY 8. 1853 +[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. + + * * * * * + + +CONTENTS. + + NOTES:-- Page + + Autograph of Edward of Lancaster, Son of Henry VI., by Sir + Frederic Madden 33 + + Robert Bloomfield, by George Daniel 34 + + Note for London Topographers, by Lambert B. Larking 34 + + Sermons by Parliamentary Chaplains, by R. C. Warde 34 + + A Perspective View of Twelve Postage-stamps, by Cuthbert + Bede, B.A. 35 + + MINOR NOTES:--Cremona Violins--Prices of Tea-- + Coleridge a Prophet--Lord Bacon's Advice peculiarly + applicable to the Correspondents of "N. & Q."--Etymology + of Molasses--A Sounding Name 36 + + QUERIES:-- + + Roman Sepulchral Inscriptions, by Rev. E. S. Taylor 37 + + Chapel Plaster, by J. E. Jackson 37 + + MINOR QUERIES:--Martha Blount--Degree of B.C.L.-- + The Word "anywhen"--Shoreditch Cross, &c.--Winchester and + Huntingdon--La Bruyère--Sir John Davys or Davies--Fleshier + of Otley--Letters U, V, W--Heraldic Queries--"Drengage" + and "Berewich"--Sidney as a Female Name--"The Brazen + Head"--Portrait of Baron Lechmere--"Essay for a New + Translation of the Bible," and "Letters on Prejudice"-- + David Garrick--Aldiborontophoskophornio--Quotations + wanted--Arago on the Weather--"Les Veus du Hairon," or + "Le Voeu du Héron"--Inscription on a Dagger-case--Hallet + and Dr. Saxby 38 + + REPLIES:-- + + Descent of the Queen from John of Gaunt, by W. Hardy 41 + + Uncertain Etymologies: "Leader" 43 + + Lines of Tipperary 43 + + Shakspeare Emendations, by Thomas Keightley 44 + + Statues represented on Coins, by W. H. Scott 45 + + Judge Jeffreys, by Dr. E. F. Rimbault, &c. 45 + + Dutch Allegorical Pictures, by Dr. J. H. Todd 46 + + The Reprint, in 1808, of the First Folio Edition of + Shakspeare 47 + + PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--Le Grey and the + Collodion Process--Ready Mode of iodizing Paper-- + After-dilution of Solutions--Stereoscopic Pictures from + one Camera--Camera for Out-door Operations 47 + + "'Twas on the Morn" 49 + + Alleged Reduction of English Subjects to Slavery, by + Henry H. Breen 49 + + REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Royal Assent, &c.--Can + Bishops vacate their Sees?--"Genealogies of the Mordaunt + Family," by the Earl of Peterborough--Niágara, or + Niagára?--Maudlin--Spiritual Persons employed in Lay + Offices--Passage in Burke--Ensake and Cradock Arms--Sich + House--Americanisms so called--The Folger Family--Wake + Family--Shakspeare's "Twelfth Night"--Electrical + Phenomena--Daubuz Family--Lord Nelson--Robes and Fees + in the Days of Robin Hood--Wray--Irish Rhymes 50 + + MISCELLANEOUS:-- + + Notes of Books, &c. 53 + + Books and Odd Volumes wanted 53 + + Notices to Correspondents 54 + + Advertisements 54 + + * * * * * + + +Notes. + +AUTOGRAPH OF EDWARD OF LANCASTER, SON OF HENRY VI. + +In the Museum of Antiquities of Rouen is preserved an original document, +thus designated, "Lettre d'Edouard, Prince de Galles (1471)." It is kept +under a glass case, and shown as "an undoubted autograph of the Black +Prince," according to the testimony of the gentleman who has very +obligingly placed a transcript of this interesting relic at my disposal. It +is as follows: + + "Chers et bons amis, nous avons entendu, que ung nostre homme lige + subject, natif de nostre pays de Galles, est occupé et détenu es + prisons de la ville de Diepe, pour la mort d'un homme d'icelle ville, + dont pour le dict cas autres ont esté exécutez. Et pour ce que nostre + dict subject estoit clerc, a esté et est encores en suspens, parce + qu'il a esté requis par les officiers de nostre très cher et aimé + cousin l'archevesque de Rouen, afin qu'il leur fut rendu, ainsi que de + droict; pourquoy nous vous prions, que icelui nostre homme et subject + vous veuillez bailler et delivrer aux gens et officiers de mon dict + cousin, sans en ce faire difficulté. Et nous vous en saurons un très + grant gré, et nous ferez ung essingulier plaisir. Car monseigneur le + roy de France nous a autorisez faire grace en semblable cas que celui + de mon dict subject, duquel desirons fort la delivrance. Escript à + Rouen, le onziesme jour de Janvier. + + (Signed) EDUARD. + (Countersigned) MARTIN." + +The error of assigning this signature to Edward the Black Prince is +sufficiently obvious, and somewhat surprising, since we here have an +undoubted, and, I believe, _unique_ autograph of Edward of Lancaster, +Prince of Wales, only son of Henry VI. by Margaret of Anjou. He was born at +Westminster, October 13th, 1453, and was therefore, in January, 1471 (no +doubt the true date of the document), in the eighteenth year of his age. He +had sought refuge from the Yorkists, in France, with his mother, ever since +the year 1462, and in the preceding July or August, 1470, had been +affianced to Anne Neville, the youngest daughter of the Earl of Warwick. At +the period when this {34} letter was written at Rouen, Margaret of Anjou +was meditating the descent into England which proved so fatal to herself +and son, whose life was taken away with such barbarity on the field at +Tewksbury, in the month of May following. The letter is addressed, +apparently, to the magistrates of Rouen or Dieppe, to request the +liberation of a native of Wales (imprisoned for the crime of having slain a +man), and his delivery to the officers of the Archbishop of Rouen, on the +plea of his being a clerk. The prince adds, that he was authorised by the +King of France (Louis XI.) to grant grace in similar cases. As the +signature of this unfortunate prince is at present quite unknown in the +series of English royal autographs, it would be very desirable that an +accurate fac-simile should be made of it by some competent artist; and +perhaps the art of photography might in this instance be most +advantageously and successfully used to obtain a perfect copy of the entire +document. + +F. MADDEN. + + * * * * * + +ROBERT BLOOMFIELD. + +Presuming that some of the many readers of "N. & Q." may feel an interest +in the author of _The Farmer's Boy_, whom I knew intimately (a +sickly-looking, retiring, and meditative man), and have often seen trimming +his bright little flower-garden fronting his neat cottage in the City +Road--a pastry-cook's shop, an apple and oyster stall, and part of the +Eagle Tavern ("To what base uses," &c.) now occupy its, to me, hallowed +site,--I send you a few extracts from his sale catalogue, an interesting +and a rare document, as a mournful record of a genius as original and +picturesque, as it was beautiful and holy. His books, prints, drawings (215 +lots), and furniture (105 lots) were sold in the humble house in which he +died, at Shefford, Beds, on the 28th and 29th May, 1824. The far greater +number of his books had been presented to him by his friends, viz. the Duke +of Grafton (a very liberal contributor), Dr. Drake, James Montgomery, +Samuel Rogers, Mrs. Barbauld, Richard Cumberland, Sir James Bland Burges, +Capel Lofft, &c. His autograph manuscript of _The Farmer's Boy_, elegantly +bound, was sold for 14l.; of _Rural Tales_, boards, for 4l.; of _Wild +Flowers_, for 3l. 10s.; of _Banks of the Wye_, for 3l.; of _May-day with +the Muses_ (imperfect), for ten shillings; and _Description of the Æolian +Harp_ (he was a maker of Æolian harps), for 15s. His few well-executed +drawings by _himself_ (views of his City Road cottage and garden, &c.) +produced from 5s. to 18s. each. Among his furniture were "A handsome +inkstand, presented to him by the celebrated Dr. Jenner" (in return for his +sweet poem of "Good Tidings"), and the "celebrated oak table, which Mr. +Bloomfield may be said to have rendered immortal by the beautiful and +pathetic poem inscribed to it in his _Wild Flowers_. The first was sold for +6l. 10s., the second for 14l. I am happy in the possession of the _original +miniature_ (an admirable likeness, and finely painted) of Robert +Bloomfield, by Edridge. It is the first and most authentic portrait of him +that was engraved, and prefixed to his poems: + + "And long as Nature in her simplest guise, + And virtuous sensibility we prize, + Of well-earn'd fame no poet shall enjoy + A fairer tribute than _The Farmer's Boy_." + +GEORGE DANIEL. + + * * * * * + +NOTE FOR LONDON TOPOGRAPHERS. + +I send you a note for London topographers. The charter is dateless, but, +inasmuch as Walter de Langeton was appointed to the bishopric of Coventry +and Lichfield in 1295, and Sir John le Bretun was "custos" of London 22 to +25 Edw. I., _i.e._ 1294 to 1297, we may fairly assign it to the years 1296 +or 1297:-- + +"Omnibus Christi fidelibus ad quos presentes litere pervenerint, Johannes +de Notlee salutem in domino. Noveritis me remisisse, et omnino quietum +clamasse pro me et heredibus meis, Domino Waltero de Langeton, Coventrensi +et Lichfeldensi episcopo, heredibus, vel assignatis suis, totum jus et +clameum quod habui, vel aliquo modo habere potui, in quadam placea terre +cum pertinenciis in vico Westmonasterio sine ullo retenemento, illam +videlicet que jacet inter exitum curie et porte domini Walteri episcopi +supradicti, ex una parte, et tenementum Henrici Coci ex altera, et inter +altum stratam que ducit de Charryngg versus curiam Westmonasterii, ex parte +una et tenementum domini Walteri episcopi supradicti, ex altera; Ita quod +ego predictus Johannes, aut heredes mei, sive aliquis nomine nostro +nuncquam durante seculo in predicta placea terre cum omnibus suis +pertinenciis, aliquod jus vel clameum habere, exigere, vel vendicare +poterimus quoquo modo in perpetuum. In cujus rei testimonium, sigillum meum +apposui huic scripto. His testibus, Dominis Johanne le Bretun tunc custode +civitatis Londonii; Roberto de Basingg, militibus; Johanne de Bankwelle; +Radulpho le Vynneter; Adam de Kynggesheued; Henrico Coco; Reginaldo le +Porter; Henrico du Paleys; Hugone le Mareschal, et aliis." + +LAMBERT B. LARKING. + + * * * * * + +SERMONS BY PARLIAMENTARY CHAPLAINS. + +Perhaps there is nothing in ecclesiastical writings more ludicrously and +rabidly solemn than the sermons preached before "The Honourable House of +Commons" during the Protectorate, by that warlike race of saints who figure +so extensively in the {35} history of those times. I possess some thirty of +these, and extract from their pages the following morsels, which may be +taken as a fair sample of the general strain: + +From + + "'Gemitus Columbæ,' the Mournful Note of the Dove; a Sermon preached," + &c.: by John Langley, Min. of West Tuperley in the Countie of + Southampton. 1644. + + "The oxen were plowing, the asses were feeding beside them ('twas in + the relation of one of Job's messengers). By the oxen wee are to + vnderstand the laborious Clergie; by the asses, that were feeding + beside them, wee may vnderstande the Laity" (!).--P. 8. + + "The worde set on by the Spirit, as Scanderbags' sworde, by the arme of + Scanderbags, will make a deepe impression."--P. 16. + +Query, what is the allusion here? + + "We came to the height, shall I saye, of our fever (or frenzie, + rather), when _wee began to catch Dotterills_, when wee fell to + cringing and complimenting in worship, stretching out a wing to their + wing, a legge to their legge."--P. 18. + + "Time was when the _Dove-cote was searched, the Pistolls were cockt; + the Bloudie-birdes were skirring about_: then the Lord withdrew the + birds."--P. 29. + + "When your ginnes and snares _catch any of the Bloudie-birdes, dally + not with them, blood will have blood_; contracte not their + bloude-guiltinesse vpon your owne soules, by an vnwarranted clemencie + and mildnesse."--P. 30. + + "(_Note._--The 'Bloudie-birdes,' _i. e._ the cavaliers.)" + +From + + "A Peace Offering to God: a Sermon preached," &c., by Stephen Marshall, + B.D. 1641. + + "Not like tavernes, and alehouses, howses of lewd and debauched + persons, where _Zim and Jim_ dwels, dolefull creatures, fitt only to be + agents to Satan."--P. 50. + +I conclude with a rather interesting scrap, which I do not remember to have +met with elsewhere, from + + "The Ruine of the Authors and Fomentors of Ciuill Warre; a Sermon," + &c., by Samuel Gibson. 1645. + + "There was a good motto written ouer the gates at Yorke, at King James + the Firste his firste entraunce into that city: + + 'Suavis Victoriæ amor populi.' + + _i. e._ the sweete victorie is the love of the people."--P. 27. + +R. C. WARDE. + +Kidderminster. + + * * * * * + +A PERSPECTIVE VIEW OF TWELVE POSTAGE-STAMPS. + +In the advertising sheet of "N. & Q." for December 18, 1852, its unartistic +readers have the tempting offer placed before them of being taught "the art +of drawing and copying portraits, views, steel or wood engravings, with +perfect accuracy, ease, and quickness, _in one lesson_! And when the gentle +reader of "N. & Q." has recovered from the shock of this startling +announcement, he is further instructed that, "by sending a stamped directed +envelope and twelve postage-stamps, the necessary articles will be +forwarded with the instructions." Who would not, thinks the gentle reader, +be a Raphael, a Rubens, or a Claude, when the metamorphosis may be effected +for twelve postage-stamps? And then, delighted with the thought that no +expensive residence in Italy, or laborious application through long years +of study, will be required, but that the royal road to art may be traversed +by paying the small toll of twelve postage-stamps, he forthwith gives them +to "Mr. A. B. Cleveland, 13. Victoria Street, Brighton," and in due course +of time Mr. A. B. C. forwards him "the necessary articles with the +instructions," the former of which the gentle reader certainly finds to be +"no expensive apparatus," but as simple as A, B, C. The articles consist of +a small piece of black paper, and a small piece of common tissue paper, +oiled in a manner very offensive to a susceptible nose. The instructions +are printed, and are prefaced by a paragraph which truly declares them to +be "most simple:" + + "The outlines must be sketched by the following means, and may _be + filled up according to pleasure_. In the first place, _lay what you + intend to copy straight before you_; then _lay over it_ the transparent + paper, and you will see the outlines most distinctly; pencil them over + lightly, taking care to keep the paper in the same position until you + have finished the outlines; after which, place the paper or card you + intend the copy to appear on under the black tracing-paper, with the + black side on it, and on which place the outlines you have previously + taken, remembering to keep them all straight, and then, by passing a + piece of wire (or anything brought to a point not sufficient to + scratch) correctly over the said outlines, you will have an exact + impression of the original upon the card intended, _which must then be + filled up_. I would recommend a portrait _for the first attempt_, which + can be done in a few minutes, and you will soon see your success. _Of + course you can ink or paint the copy according to pleasure._" + +"Why, of course I can," probably exclaims the now un-gentle reader; "of +course I can, when I have the ability to do it,--a consummation which I +devoutly wish for, and which I am quite as far from as when I was +weak-minded enough to send my twelve postage-stamps to Mr. A. B. C.; and +yet that individual encloses me a card along with his nasty oiled paper and +'instructions,' which card he has the assurance to head 'scientific!' and +says, 'the exquisite and beautiful art of drawing landscapes, &c. from +nature, in true perspective, with perfect accuracy, ease, and quickness, +taught to the most inexperienced person in ONE _lesson_.' {36} + +"I should like to know how I am to lay the landscape straight before me, +and put my oiled paper on the top of it, and trace its outlines in true +perspective? I should like also to know, since Mr. A. B. C. recommends a +portrait for the first attempt, how I am to lay the transparent paper over +my wife's face, without her nose making a hole in the middle of it? It is +all very well for Mr. A. B. C. to say that he 'continues to receive very +satisfactory testimonials respecting the RESULT of his instructions, which +are remarkable for simplicity (I allow that), and invaluable for +correctness' (I deny that). But, although he prints 'result' in capital +letters, all the testimonial that I can give him will be to testify to the +(on his part) satisfactory result attending his 'art of drawing' twelve +postage-stamps out of my pocket." + +Thus, can I imagine, would the gentle reader soliloquise, on finding he had +received two worthless bits of paper in return for his investment of +postage-stamps. My thoughts were somewhat the same; for I, alas! sent +"twelve postage-stamps," which are now lost to view in the dim perspective, +and I shall only be too happy to sell Mr. A. B. C. his instructions, &c. at +half-price. In the mean time, however, I forward them for Mr. Editor's +inspection. + +CUTHBERT BEDE, B.A. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Notes. + +_Cremona Violins._--As many of your readers are no doubt curious about the +prices given, in former times, for musical instruments, I transcribe an +order of the time of Charles II. for the purchase of two Cremona violins. + +"[_Audit Office Enrolments_, vi. 359.] + +"These are to pray and require you to pay, or cause to be paid, to John +Bannester, one of his Ma^{ties} Musicians in Ordinary, the some of fourty +pounds for two Cremona Violins by him bought and delivered for his Ma^{ts} +Service, as may appeare by the Bill annexed, and also tenn pounds for +stringes for two yeares ending June 24, 1662. And this shall be your +warrant. Given under my hand, this 24th day of October, 1662, in the +fourteenth year of his Majesty's reign. + + "E. MANCHESTER. + + "To S^r Edward Griffin, Kn^t, + Treasurer of his Ma^{ties} Chamber." + +PETER CUNNINGHAM. + +_Prices of Tea._--From Read's _Weekly Journal or British Gazetteer_, +Saturday, April 27, 1734: + + "Green Tea 9s. to 12s. per lb. + Congou 10s. to 12s. " + Bohea 10s. to 12s. " + Pekoe 14s. to 16s. " + Imperial 9s. to 12s. " + Hyson 20s. to 25s. " + +E. + +_Coleridge a Prophet._--Among the political writers of the nineteenth +century, who has shown such prophetic insight into the sad destinies of +France as Coleridge? It is the fashion with literary sciolists to ignore +the genius of this great man. Let the following extracts stand as evidences +of his profound penetration. + +_Friend_, vol. i. p. 244. (1844): + + "That man has reflected little on human nature who does not perceive + that the detestable maxims and correspondent crimes of the existing + French despotism, have already dimmed the recollections of democratic + phrenzy in the minds of men; by little and little have drawn off to + other objects the electric force of the feelings which had massed and + upholden those recollections; and that a favourable concurrence of + occasions is alone wanting to awaken the thunder and precipitate the + lightning from the opposite quarter of the political heaven." + +Let the events of 1830 and 1848 speak for themselves as to the fulfilment +of this forecast. + +_Biographia Literaria_, vol. i. p. 30. (1847), [after a most masterly +analysis of practical genius]: + + "These, in tranquil times, are formed to exhibit a perfect poem in + palace, or temple, or landscape-garden, &c.... But alas! in times of + tumult they are the men destined to come forth as the shaping spirit of + ruin, to destroy the wisdom of ages in order to substitute the fancies + of a day, and to change kings and kingdoms, as the wind shifts and + shapes the clouds." + +Let the present and the future witness the truth of this insight. We have +(in Coleridge's words) "lights of admonition and warning;" and we may live +to repent of our indifference, if they are thrown away upon us. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +Birmingham. + +_Lord Bacon's Advice peculiarly applicable to the Correspondents of "N. & +Q."_--Lord Bacon has written that-- + + "A man would do well to carry a pencil in his pocket, and write down + the thoughts of the moment. Those that come unsought for are generally + the most valuable, and should be secured, because they seldom return." + +W. W. + +Malta. + +_Etymology of Molasses._--The affinity between the orthography of this word +in Italian (melássa), Spanish (melaza), and French (mélasse), and our +pronunciation of it (m_e_lasses), would seem to suggest a common origin. +How comes it, then, that we write it with an _o_ instead of an _e_? Walker +says it is derived frown the Italian "mellazzo" (_sic_); and some French +lexicographers trace their "mélasse" from [Greek: melas], with reference to +the colour; others from [Greek: meli], in allusion to the taste. But these +Greek derivations are too recondite for our early sugar manufacturers; and +the likelihood {37} is, that they found the word nearer home, in some +circumstance which had less to do with literary refinement than with the +refining of sugar. + +There is an expression in French which is identical in spelling with this +word, namely, "molasse" (softish--so to speak); and which describes the +liquidity of molasses, as distinguished from the granulous substance of +which they are the residue. As our first sugar establishment was formed in +1643, in an island (St. Christopher) one half of which was then occupied by +the French, it is possible that we may have adopted the word from them; and +this conjecture is supported by the following passage in Père Labat (vol. +iii. p. 93.), where he uses the word "molasse" in the sense of _soft_, to +describe a species of sugar that had not received, or had lost, the proper +degree of consistency. + + "Je vis leur sucre qui me parut très beau et bien gréné, surtout + lorsqu'il est nouvellement fait; mais on m'assura qu'il devenait + cendreux ou _molasse_, et qu'il se décuisait quand il était gardé + quelques jours." + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + +_A Sounding Name._--At the church of Elmley Castle, Worcestershire, is a +record of one John Chapman, whose name, it is alleged, "sounds in (or +throughout) the world," but for my own part I have never been privileged to +hear either the original blast or the echo. Perhaps some of the readers of +"N. & Q." can inform me who and what was the owner of this high-sounding +name. Was he related to Geo. Chapman, the translator of Homer? The +inscription is as follows: + + "Memoriæ defunctorum Sacrum + + [Greek: kai tuphônia] + + Siste gradum, Viator, ac leges. In spe beatæ Resurrectionis hic + requiescunt exuviæ Johannis Chapmanni et Isabellæ uxoris, filiæ + Gulielmi Allen de Wightford, in Comitat. War. ab antiquo Proavorum + stemmate deduxerunt genus. Variis miseriarum agitati procellis ab + strenue succumbentis in arrescenti juventutis æstate, piè ac peccatorum + poenitentia expirabant animas. + + Maij 10 Die Anno Domini 1677. + Sistite Pierides Chapmannum plangere, cujus + Spiritus in coelis, _nomen in orbe sonat_." + +J. NOAKE. + +Worcester. + + * * * * * + + +Queries. + +ROMAN SEPULCHRAL INSCRIPTIONS. + +In the year 1847 I brought from the Columbaria, near the tomb of Scipio +Africanus at Rome, a small collection of sepulchral fictile vessels, +statuettes, &c., in terra cotta. Among these was a small figure, resembling +the Athenian Hermæ, consisting of a square pillar, surmounted by the bust +of a female with a peculiar head-dress and close curled coiffure. The +pillar bears the following inscription: + + "[Greek: YST] + [Greek: RAN] + [Greek: S] + [Greek: ANI] + [Greek: KÊT] + [Greek: O.]" + +--a translation of which would oblige me much. + +Another, in the form of a small votive altar, bears the heads of the "Dii +Majores" and their attributes, the thunderbolt, two-pronged spear, and +trident, and the inscription-- + + "DIIS PROPI + M HERENNII + VIVNTIS" (_i.e._ vivantis). + +Of the meaning of this I am by no means certain; and I have searched +Montfaucon in vain, to discover anything similar. + +A third was a figure of the Egyptian Osiris, exactly resembling in every +point (save the material) the little mummy-shaped figures in bluish-green +porcelain, which are found in such numbers in the catacombs of Ghizeh and +Abousir. As the Columbaria were probably the places of sepulture of the +freedmen, these various traces of national worship would seem to indicate +that they were still allowed to retain the deities peculiar to the +countries from which they came, through their master might be of a +different faith. + +E. S. TAYLOR. + +Ormesby, St. Marg., Norfolk. + + * * * * * + +CHAPEL PLASTER. + +In North Wilts, between Corsham and Bradford, and close to the meeting of +five or six roads, there is a well-known public-house, contiguous to which +is an ancient wayside chapel bearing this peculiar name. Some account of +the place, with two views of the chapel, is given in the _Gentleman's +Magazine_, February, 1835, page 143. The meaning of the word _plaster_ has +always been a puzzle to local antiquaries, and no satisfactory derivation +of it has yet been given. The first and natural notion is, that some +allusion is made to the material with which it may have been coated. But +this is improbable, the building being of good freestone, not requiring any +such external addition. Some have interpreted it to be the chapel of the +_plas-trew_, or "woody place." But this again is very unlikely; as the +place is not only as far as possible from being woody now, but can hardly +ever have been otherwise than what it is. The rock comes close to the +surface, and the general situation is on a bleak exposed hill, as +unfavourable as can be for the growth of trees. Leland, indeed, as he rode +by, took it for a hermitage, and does also say that the country beyond it +"begins to be woody." But {38} a point of meeting of five or six much +frequented roads, a few miles only from Bath and other towns, would be an +unsuitable spot for a hermit; besides which, the country _beyond_ a spot, +is not the spot itself. Others have thought it may have been built by a +person of the name of _Plaister_; one which, though uncommon, is still not +entirely extinct in the county. Of this, however, there is no evidence. + +A derivation has occurred to me from noticing a slight variety in the +spelling and statement of the name, as it is given by one of the ancient +historians of Glastonbury. He calls it "the chapell of _playsters_," and +says that, like one or two houses of a similar kind, it was built for the +relief and entertainment of _pilgrims_ resorting to the great shrine at +that monastery. This indeed is the most reasonable and probable account of +it, as it lies on the direct road between Malmesbury and Glastonbury, and +the prevailing tradition has always been that such was the purpose for +which it was used. It is fair to presume that the name has some connexion +with the use. + +Now, it is well known that pilgrimages were not in all respects very +painful or self-denying exercises, but that, with the devotional feeling in +which they took their origin, was combined, in course of time, a +considerable admixture of joviality and recreation. They were often, in +short, looked upon as parties for merry-making, by people of every class of +life, who would leave their business and duties, on pretence of these pious +expeditions, but really for a holiday, and, as Chaucer himself describes +it, "to _play_ a pilgrimage." ("The Shipmanne's Tale.") Many also were +pilgrims by regular profession, as at this day in Italy, for the pleasure +of an idle gad-about life at other people's expense. May not such +"play-ers" of pilgrimages have been called, in the vernacular of the times, +_play-sters_? The termination _-ster_, said to be derived from a Saxon +noun, seems in our language to signify a _habit_ or _constant employment_. +A _malt-ster_ is one whose sole business it is to make malt; a _tap-ster_, +one whose duties are confined to the tap; a _road-ster_ is a horse +exclusively used as a hack; a _game-ster_, the devotee of the gaming-table. +From these analogies it seems not unreasonable to suppose that the persons +who made a constant habit of attending these pleasant jaunts to +Glastonbury, may have been called by the now-forgotten name of +_play-sters_. If so, "the chapell of _play-sters_" becomes nothing more +than "the chapel of _pilgrims_," according to the best tradition that we +have of it. Perhaps some of your readers may have met with the word in this +sense? + +J. E. JACKSON. + +Leigh Delamere. + + * * * * * + + +Minor Queries. + +_Martha Blount._--Is there any engraved portrait of this lady? and can any +of your numerous correspondents give me reasonable hope of finding +portraits of Mrs. Rackett and other connexions of Pope? I would suggest, +that when we are favoured with a new edition of the little great man's +works, each volume should contain a portrait, if procurable, of those who +catch a reflected ray of greatness from association with the poet. + +A. F. WESTMACOTT. + +Feltham House, Middlesex. + +_Degree of B.C.L._--In Vol. vi., p. 534., an Oxford B.C.L. asked the +privileges to which a gentleman having taken this degree was entitled. +Perhaps your correspondent will inform me what is the least time of +_actual_ residence required at the university, and the kind of examination +a candidate for the honour has to be subjected to, before he becomes a +B.C.L.? also the way for a stranger to go about it, who wants to spend as +little money and time in the matter as is possible? + +J. F. + +Halifax. + +_The Word "anywhen."_--Why should not this adverb, which exists as a +provincialism in some parts of England, be legitimatised, and made as +generally useful as _anywhere_, or _anyhow_, or _anyone_? If there be no +classical precedent for it, will not some of the many authors who +contribute to your pages take pity upon _anywhen_, and venture to introduce +him to good society, where I am sure he would be appreciated? + +W. FRASER. + +_Shoreditch Cross, &c._--Can any of your readers inform me where a model or +picture of the Cross which formerly stood near the church of St. Leonard, +Shoreditch, can be seen? Also, where a copy of any description can be seen +of the painted window in the said church? + +Sir Henry Ellis, in his _History of the Parish_, gives us no illustration +of the above. + +J. W. B. + +_Winchester and Huntingdon._--I would with your permission ask, whether +Winchester and Huntingdon have at any time been more populous than they are +at present, and what may have been the largest number of inhabitants they +are supposed to have contained? + +G. H. + +_La Bruyère._--What is known concerning the family of Jean de la Bruyère, +author of _Les Caractères_? Did he belong to the great French house of that +name? One of the biographical dictionaries states that he was grandson of a +Lieutenant Civil, engaged in the Fronde; but M. Suard, in his "Notice" +prefixed to _Les Caractères_, says that nothing is known of the author +except his birth, death, and office. His grand-daughter, {39} Magdalen +Rachel de la Bruyère, married an officer of the name of Shrom, and died in +1780, at Morden in Surrey, where there is a handsome monument to her +memory. Being one of her descendants in the female line, I should feel much +obliged by any information respecting her father, the son of Jean de la +Bruyère; or tending to connect that writer with the family founded by +Thibault de la Bruyère, the Crusader. + +URSULA. + +_Sir John Davys or Davies._--I am very anxious to get any information that +can be procured about Sir John Davys or Davies, Knight Marshal of +Connaught, temp. Elizabeth. What were his arms? Any portions of his +pedigree would be _most_ desirable; also any notices of the various grants +of land given by him, particularly to members of his own family. I would +also give any reasonable price for John Davies' _Display of Heraldry of six +Counties of North Wales_, published 1716: or, if any of the readers of "N. +& Q." have the book, and would favour me with a loan of it, I would return +it carefully as soon as I had made some extracts from it. + +SEIVAD. + +_Fleshier of Otley._--What are the arms of Fleshier of Otley, Yorkshire? +They existed, not many years ago, in a window of a house built by one of +the above-named family, in Otley. + +B. M. A. + +Bingley, Yorkshire. + +_Letters U, V, W._--Could any correspondent of the "N. & Q." give us any +clear idea of the manner in which we ought to judge of those letters as +they are printed from old MSS. or in old books. Is there any rule known by +which their pronunciation can be determined? For instance, how was the name +of Wales supposed to have been pronounced four hundred years ago, or the +name Walter? How could two such different sounds as _U_ and _V_ now +represent, come by the old printers both to be denoted by _V_? And is it +supposed that our present mode of pronouncing some words is taken from +their spelling in books? We see this done in foreign names every day by +persons who have no means of ascertaining the correct pronunciation. Can it +have been done extensively in the ordinary words of the language? Or can it +be possible, that the confusion between the printed _V_ and _W_ and _U_ has +produced the confusion in pronouncing such words now beginning with _W_, +which some classes of her Majesty's subjects are said to pronounce as if +they commenced with _V_? I ask for information: and to know if the question +has anywhere been discussed, in which case perhaps some one can refer me to +it. + +A. F. H. + +_Heraldic Query._--I should be greatly indebted to any of your +correspondents who will assist me in tracing the family to which the +following arms belong. Last century they were borne by a gentleman of the +name of Oakes: but I find no grant in the college, nor, in fact, can I +discover any British arms like them. Argent, a pale per pale or, and gules: +between two limbs of an oak fructed proper. On a chief barry of six of the +second and third; a rose between two leopards faces all of the last. + +C. MANSFIELD INGLEBY. + +_"Drengage" and "Berewich."_--In _Domesday_ certain tenants are described +as drenches or drengs, holding by drengage; and some distinction is made +between the drengs and another class of tenants, who are named _berewites_; +as, for instance, in Newstone,-- + + "Huj' [manerium abbrev.] ali[=a] t'r[=a] xv ho[=e]s quos _Drenchs_ + vocabant pro xv [manerium abbrev.] tenet sed huj' [manerium abbrev.] + _berewich_ erant." + +I shall be glad if any information as to these tenures, and also as to the +derivation of the words "drengage" and "berewich," or berewite, both of +which may be traced, I believe, to a Danish origin. + +JAMES CROSBY. + +Streatham. + +_Sidney as a Female Name._--In several families of our city the Christian +name of Sidney is borne by _females_, and it is derived, directly or +indirectly, from a traceable source. + +The object of the present inquiry is to ascertain whether the same name, +and thus spelled, is similarly applied in any families of Great Britain? If +at all, it should be found in the north of Ireland. But your correspondent +would be pleased to learn, from any quarter, of such use of the name, +together with the tradition of the reason for its adoption. + +R. D. B. + +Baltimore. + +"_The Brazen Head._"--Will any reader of "N. & Q." be good enough to inform +the undersigned where he can obtain, by purchase or by loan, the perusal of +any part or parts of the above-mentioned work? It was published as a serial +in 1828 or 1829. + +A. F. A. W. + +Swillington. + +_Portrait of Baron Lechmere._--Can any of your correspondents inform me if +there is any engraved portrait in existence of the celebrated Whig, Lord +Lechmere, Baron of Evesham, who died at Camden House, London, in the year +1727, and lies buried in the church of Hanley Castle, near Upton-on-Severn, +co. Worcester? + +While on the subject of portraits, some of your correspondents may be glad +to learn that an excellent catalogue of engraved portraits is now passing +through the press, by Messrs. Evans and Sons, Great Queen Street, Lincoln's +Inn Fields, of which forty-six numbers are issued. + +J. B. WHITBORNE. + +{40} + +_"Essay for a New Translation of the Bible," and "Letters on +Prejudice."_--A friend of mine has requested me to inquire through "N. & +Q." who are the authors of the undermentioned books, in his possession? + + _An Essay for a New Translation of the Bible_, one volume 8vo.: + "printed for R. Gosling, 1727." Dedicated to the Bishops: the + dedication signed "H. R."--_Letters on Prejudice_, two volumes 8vo.: + "in which the nature, causes, and consequences of prejudice in religion + are considered, with an application to the present times:" printed for + Cadell in the Strand; and Blackwood, Edinburgh, 1822. + +W. W. T. + +_David Garrick._--In the sale catalogue of Isaac Reed's books is a lot +described as "Letter of David Garrick against Mr. Stevens, with +Observations by Mr. Reed, MS. and printed." Can any of your correspondents +inform me in whose possession is this letter with Reed's observations; +whether Garrick's letter was published; and, if so, what public library +contains a copy? + +G. D. + +_Aldiborontophoskophornio._--Will you or some of your readers inform me in +what play, poem, or tale this hero, with so formidable a name, is to be +found? + +F. R. S. + +_Quotations wanted._--Will you or some of your correspondents tell _where_ +this sentence occurs: "It requireth great cunning for a man to seem to know +that which he knoweth not?" Miss Edgeworth gives it as from Lord Bacon. _I_ +cannot find it. Also, _where_ this very superior line: "Life is like a game +of tables, the chances are not in our power, but the playing is?" _This_ I +have seen quoted as from Jeremy Taylor, but _where_? I have looked his +works carefully through: it is so clever that it _must_ be from a superior +mind. And _where_, in Campbell, is "A world without a sun?" This, I +_believe_, is in _Gertrude of Wyoming_. + +Excuse this trouble, Mr. Editor; but you are now become the general referee +in puzzles of _this_ kind. + +A. B. + +_Arago on the Weather._--I saw some of Arago's meteorological observations +in an English magazine some time ago, taken, I believe, from the +_Annuaire_. Can any one give me a reference to them? + +ELSNO. + +_"Les Veus du Hairon," or "Le Voeu du Héron."_--Is any more known of this +curious historical romance than Sainte Palaye tells us in the third volume +of his _Mémoires sur l'Ancienne Chevalerie_? He gives the original text (I +suspect not very correctly) from, he says, a MS. in the public library at +Berne. It is a poem in old French verse (something like Chaucer's English), +of about 500 lines, descriptive of a series of _vows_, by which Robert +Comte d'Artois, then an exile in England, engaged Edward III., his queen +and court, to the invasion of France: + + "Dont maint bon chevalier fu jété fort souvin; + Mainte dame fu vesve, et maint povre orfelin; + Et maint bon maronier accourchit son termin; + Et mainte preude femme mise à divers destin; + Et encore sera, si Jhesus n'i met fin." + +The first lines of the poem give the place and date of the transaction, +"London, September, 1338," in King Edward's "palais marbrin." The +versification is as strange as the matter. The author has taken great pains +to collect as many words rhyming together as possible. The first twenty-six +lines rhyme to "in;" the hundred next to "is;" then fifty to "ent," and so +on: but the lines have all their rhythm, and some are smooth and +harmonious. Has any other MS. been discovered? Has it been elsewhere +printed? Has it been translated into English, or has any English author +noticed it? If these questions are answered in the negative, I would +suggest that the Camden, or some such society, would do well to reprint it, +with a translation, and Sainte Palaye's commentary, and whatever additional +information can be gathered about it; for although it evidently is a +_romance_, it contains many particulars of the court of England, and of the +manners of the time, which are extremely curious, and which must have a +good deal of truth mixed up with the chivalrous fable. + +C. + +_Inscriptions on a Dagger-case._--I have in my possession a small +dagger-case, very beautifully carved in box-wood, bearing the following +inscriptions on two narrow sides, and carved representations of Scripture +subjects on the other two broad sides. + + _Inscriptions._ + + "DIE EEN PENINCK WINT ENDE BEHOVT DIE + MACHT VERTEREN ALS HI WORT OWT HAD." + + "ICK DAT BEDOCHT IN MIN IONGE DAGEN SO + DORST ICK HET IN MIN OVTHEIT NIET BEGLAGEN." + +On the other sides the carvings, nine in number, four on one side, one +above another, represent the making of Eve, entitled "Scheppin;" the +Temptation, entitled "Paradis;" the Expulsion, "Engelde;" David with the +head of Goliath, "Davide." At the foot of this side the date "1599," and a +head with pointed beard, &c. beneath. On the other side are five subjects: +the uppermost, entitled "Hesterine," represents Queen Esther kneeling +before Ahasuerus. 2. "Vannatan," a kneeling figure, another stretching his +arm over him, attendants following with offerings. 3. "Solomone," the +judgment of Solomon. 4. "Susannen." 5. "Samson," the jaw-bone in his hand; +beneath "SLANG;" and at the foot of all, a dragon. + +The case is handsomely mounted in silver. {41} + +May I ask you or some of your readers to give me an interpretation of the +inscriptions? + +G. T. H. + +_Hallett and Dr. Saxby._--In the _Literary Journal_, July, 1803, p. 257., +in an article on "The Abuses of the Press," it is stated: + + "Hallett, to vex Dr. Saxby, published some disgraceful verses, entitled + '_An Ode to Virtue_, by Doctor Morris Saxby;' but the Doctor on the day + after the publication obliged the bookseller to give up the author, on + whom he inflicted severe personal chastisement, and by threats of + action and indictment obliged both author and bookseller to make + affidavit before the Lord Mayor that they had destroyed every copy in + their possession, and would endeavour to recover and destroy the eight + that were sold." + +Can any of your readers throw a further light upon this summary proceeding, +as to the time, the book, or the parties? + +S. R. + +Rugby. + + * * * * * + + +Replies. + +DESCENT OF THE QUEEN FROM JOHN OF GAUNT. + +(Vol. vi., p. 432.) + +I have in my possession a pedigree, compiled from original sources, which +will, I believe, fully support your correspondent's opinion that the year +usually assigned for the death of Joan Beaufort's first husband (1410) is +inaccurate. Two entries on the Patent Rolls respectively of the 21st and +22d Richard II., as cited in the pedigree, prove that event to have taken +place before Lord Neville of Raby's creation as Earl of Westmoreland; and I +am inclined to think that his creation was rather a consequence of his +exalted alliance than, as the later and falsely assigned date would lead +one to infer, that his creation preceded his marriage by twelve or thirteen +years. + +Robert Ferrers son and heir of Robert, first Lord Ferrers of Wemme (second +son of Robert, third Baron Ferrers of Chartley), and of Elizabeth, daughter +and heiress of William Boteler of Wemme, was born circa 1372, being eight +years old at his father's death in 1380 (_Esc._, 4 Ric. II., No. 25.). He +married Joan Beaufort, only daughter of John Duke of Lancaster by Catharine +Swynford, who became the duke's third wife, 13th January, 1396; their issue +before marriage having been made legitimate by a patent read in parliament, +and dated 9th February, 1397 (_Pat._, 20 Ric. II. p. 2. m. 6.). It might +almost be inferred from the description given to Joan, Lady Ferrers, in the +patent of legitimation, "dilectæ _nobis nobili mulieri Johannæ Beauford, +domicellæ_," that her first husband was not then living. We find, however, +that she had certainly become the wife of the Lord Neville before the 16th +of February following, and that Lord Ferrers was then dead (_Johanne qui +fuist femme de Monsieur Robert Ferrers que Dieu assoile_): _Pat._, 21 Ric. +II. p. 2. m. 22.; _Pat_., 22 Ric. II. p. 3. m. 23. The Lord Ferrers left by +her only two daughters, his coheirs, viz. Elizabeth, wife of John, sixth +Baron Greystock, and Mary, wife of Ralph Neville, a younger son of Ralph, +Lord Neville of Raby, by his first wife Margaret Stafford. The mistake in +ascribing Lord Ferrers' death to the year 1410, has probably arisen from +that being the year in which his mother died, thus recorded in the +pedigrees: "Robert Ferrers, s. & h. ob^t _vita matris_," who (_i.e._ the +mother) died 1410 (_Esc._, 12 Hen. IV., No. 21.). His widow remarried +Ralph, Lord Neville of Raby, fourth baron, who was created Earl of +Westmoreland, 29th September, 1397[1], {42} and died 1425. The Countess of +Westmoreland died 13th November, 1440. + +As regards the Queen's descent from John, Duke of Lancaster, in the +strictly legitimate line, I may wish to say a word at another time. Allow +me now, with reference to the same pedigree, to append a Query to this +Reply: Can any of your learned genealogical readers direct me to the +authority which may have induced Miss A. Strickland, in her amusing +_Memoirs of the Lives of the English Queens_, to give so strenuous a denial +of Henry VIII.'s queen, Jane Seymour's claim to a royal lineage? Miss +Strickland writes: + + "Through Margaret Wentworth, the mother of Jane Seymour, a descent from + the blood-royal of England was claimed, from an intermarriage with a + Wentworth and a daughter of Hotspur and Lady Elizabeth Mortimer, + grand-daughter to Lionel, duke of Clarence. This Lady Percy is stated + by all ancient heralds to have died childless. Few persons, however, + dared dispute a pedigree with Henry VIII.," &c.--_Lives of the Queens + of England_, by Agnes Strickland, vol. iv. p. 300. + +This is a question, I conceive, of sufficient historical importance to +receive a fuller investigation, and fairly to be determined, if possible. + +The pedigree shows the following descent:--Lionel Plantagenet, Duke of +Clarence, third son of King Edward III. and Philippa of Hainault, left by +Elizabeth de Burgh (daughter of William de Burgh, Earl of Ulster, and Maud +Plantagenet, second daughter of Henry, third Earl of Lancaster) an only +child, Philippa, married to Edmund Mortimer, third Earl of March (_Esc._, 5 +Ric. II., No. 43.). The eldest daughter of Philippa Plantagenet by the Earl +of March was Elizabeth Mortimer, who married the renowned Hotspur, Henry +Lord Percy, son and heir apparent of Henry Lord Percy, created Earl of +Northumberland, 16th July, 1377, K. G. Hotspur was slain at the battle of +Shrewsbury, 7th September, 1403, _v.p._ His widow experienced the +revengeful persecution of King Henry (Rymer, viii. 334., Oct. 8, 1403), and +died, leaving by her said husband one son, Henry, who became second Earl of +Northumberland, and an only daughter, Elizabeth de Percy, who married +firstly, John, seventh Lord Clifford of Westmoreland, who died 13th March, +1422 (_Esc._, 10 Henry V., No. 37.), and secondly, Ralph Neville, second +Earl of Westmoreland (_Esc._, 15 Hen. VI., No. 55.), by whom she left an +only child, Sir John Neville, Knight, who died during his father's +lifetime, 20th March, 1451, _s.p._ (Will proved 30th March, 1451.) Lady +Elizabeth de Percy, who died in October, 1436, left by her first husband, +the Lord Clifford, three children: Thomas, eighth Lord Clifford; Henry, her +second son; and an only daughter, Mary, who became the wife of Sir Philip +Wentworth, Knight. The Lady Mary Clifford, who must have been born before +1422 (her father having died in that year), was probably only a few years +older than her husband Sir Philip, the issue of a marriage which took place +in June, 1 Henry VI., 1423 (_Cott. MSS. Cleop._, F. iv. f. 15.); she was +buried in the church of the Friars Minor at Ipswich, where her +mother-in-law directed a marble to be laid over her body. Sir Philip's +father, Roger Wentworth, Esq. (second son of John Wentworth of North +Elmsal, a scion of the house of Wentworth of the North), had married in +1423 Margery Lady de Roos, widow of John Lord de Roos, sole daughter and +heiress of Elizabeth de Tibetot, or Tiptoft (third daughter and co-heir of +Robert, Lord de Tibetot), and of Sir Philip le Despenser Chivaler (_Esc._, +18 Edw. IV., No. 35.). By this marriage came, first, Sir Philip Wentworth, +Knight, born circa 1424, and married when about {43} twenty-three years of +age, in 1447; he was slain in 1461, and attainted of high treason in the +parliament held 1 Edw. IV.; second, Henry Wentworth of Codham, in the +county of Essex; third, Thomas Wentworth Chaplain; and fourth, Agnes, wife +of Sir Robert Constable of Flamborough (_Harl. MSS._, 1560. 1449-1484, and +will of Margery, Lady de Roos, proved in the Prerogative Court of +Canterbury, 28th May, 1478). Sir Philip, about the year 1447, as before +stated, married the Lady Mary Clifford (_Harl. MSS._, 154. and 1484.), +sister of Thomas Lord Clifford, who was slain at the battle of St. Alban's +in 1454, and aunt of the Lord Clifford who stabbed the youthful Edmund +Plantagenet at the battle of Wakefield, and was himself slain and attainted +in parliament, 1st Edward IV. 1461. The issue of this marriage was Sir +Henry Wentworth of Nettlestead, in the county of Suffolk, Knight, his son +and heir (will of Margery, Lady de Roos, proved as above), born circa 1448, +being thirty years of age at his grandmother's death in 1478 (_Esc._, 18 +Edward IV., No. 35.), and died in 1500. His will was proved in the +Prerogative Court of Canterbury, 27th February, 1501. Sir Henry, son of Sir +Philip, was restored in blood by an act of parliament passed in the 4th of +Edward IV. (_Parliament Rolls_, v. 548.), and having married Anne, daughter +of Sir John Say, Knight (_Rot. Pat._, 1 Ric. II., p. 2., No. 86., 20th +February, 1484), left by her several children, viz. Sir Richard Wentworth, +Knight, son and heir, Edward Wentworth, and four daughters, the second of +whom, Margery, was married to Sir John Seymour of Wolf Hall, in the county +of Wilts, Knight (_Harl. MSS._, 1449-1484. 1560., &c.), of which marriage, +among other children, were born Sir Edward Seymour, created Duke of +Somerset, and Jane, third wife of King Henry VIII., mother of Edward VI. + +WM. HARDY. + +[Footnote 1: There is amongst the Records of the Duchy of Lancaster an +interesting grant from John, Duke of Lancaster, to his daughter Joan +Beaufort, very soon after her marriage with Lord Neville of Raby. This +document, of which the following is a translation, proves that Robert +Ferrers died before 16th February, 1397. + +"John, son of the king of England, Duke of Guienne and of Lancaster, Earl +of Derby, of Lincoln, and of Leicester, Steward of England, to all who +these our letters shall see or hear, greeting. Know ye that, of our +especial grace, and forasmuch as our very loved son, the Lord de Neville, +and our very loved daughter, Joan, his wife (sa compaigne), who was the +wife (femme) of Monsieur Robert Ferrers (whom God assoyl), have surrendered +into our Chancery, to be cancelled, our other letters patent, whereby we +formerly did grant unto the said Monsieur Robert and our aforesaid daughter +400 marks a-year, to be received annually, for the term of their two lives, +out of the issues of our lands and lordships of our honour of Pontefract, +payable, &c., as in our said other letters more fully it is contained: we, +willing that our abovesaid son, the Lord de Neville, and our aforesaid +daughter, his wife (sa compaigne), shall have of us, for the term of their +two lives, 500 marks a-year, or other thing to the value thereof, have +granted by these presents to the same, our son and daughter, all those our +lordships, lands, and tenements in Easingwold and Huby, and our three +wapentakes of Hang, Hallikeld, and Gilling, the which Monsieur John Marmyon +(whom God assoyl) held of us in the county of York: to have and to hold our +abovesaid lordships, tenements, and wapentakes, with their appurtenances, +to our said son and daughter, for the term of their two lives, and the life +of the survivor of them, in compensation for 100l. a-year, part of the +abovesaid 500 marks yearly. And also, we have granted by these presents to +the same, our son and daughter, the manor of Lydell, with appurtenances, to +have and to hold for their lives, and the life of the survivor, in +compensation for 40 marks a-year of the abovesaid 500 marks yearly, during +the wars or truces between our lord the king and his adversary of Scotland: +so, nevertheless, that if peace be made between our same lord the king and +his said adversary of Scotland, and on that account the said manor of +Lydell, with the appurtenances, shall be found lawfully to be of greater +and better yearly value than the said 40 marks a-year, then our said son +and daughter shall answer to us, during such peace as aforesaid, for the +surplusage of the value of the said manor, beyond the said 40 marks a-year, +and the yearly reprises of the said manor. And in full satisfaction of the +aforesaid 500 marks a-year we have granted to our abovesaid son and +daughter 206l. 13s. 4d. yearly, to be received out of the issues of our +honours of Pontefract and Pickering, by the hands of our receiver there for +the time being. In witness whereof we have caused these our letters to be +made patent. Given under our seal, at London, on the 16th day of February, +in the twentieth year of the reign of our most dread sovereign lord King +Richard the Second after the Conquest" (A.D. 1397). + +The above grant was confirmed on the 10th of September, in the +twenty-second of Richard the Second, 1398, by the eldest son of John of +Gaunt, Henry of Lancaster, Duke of Hereford, a few weeks only before the +duke's banishment, in the following words: "We, willing to perform and +accomplish the good will and desires of our said very honoured lord and +father, and in the confidence which we have in our said very loved brother, +now Earl of Westmoreland, that he will be a good and natural son to our +said very dread lord and father, and that he will be to us in time to come +a good and natural brother, and also because of the great affection which +we bear towards our said very loved sister, the countess his wife (sa +compaigne), do, for us and our heirs, as far as in us lies, ratify and +confirm to our said brother and sister the aforesaid letters patent, &c. +Given under our seal, at London, on the 10th day of September, in the +twenty-second year of the reign of our most dread lord King Richard the +Second after the Conquest." + +King Henry the Fifth, on his accession, by a patent under the seal of the +duchy of Lancaster, dated at Westminster, on the 1st of July, in the first +year of his reign, confirmed the above letters "to the aforesaid earl and +Joan his wife;" and King Henry the Sixth in like manner confirmed his +father's patent on the 13th of July, in the second year of his +reign.--_Regist. Ducat. Lanc. temp. Hen. VI._, p. 2. fol. 41.] + + * * * * * + +UNCERTAIN ETYMOLOGIES--"LEADER." + +(Vol. vi., p. 588.) + +I must differ from your correspondent C., in believing that the "N. & Q." +have effected much good service to etymology. Even the exposure of error, +and the showing up of crotchets, is of no inconsiderable use. I beg to +submit that C. himself (unless there are other Richmonds in the field) has +done good service in this way. See _Grummett_, _Slang Phrases_, _Martinet_, +_Cockade_, _Romane_, _Covey_, _Bummaree_, &c. + +I do not, indeed, give implicit faith to his _Steyne_, and some more. He, +however, would be a rash man who should write or help to write a Dictionary +of the English language (a desideratum at present) without turning over the +indices of the "N. & Q." Even in the first volume, the discussions on +_Pokership_, _Daysman_, _News_, and a great many others, seem to me at +least valuable contributions to general knowledge on etymology. + +As to my remark (Vol. vi., p. 462.) about the derivation of _leader_, C. +has, perhaps excusably, for the sake of the pun, done me injustice. I +hazarded it on the authority of one who has been in the trade, and, as I +believe, in the _cuicunque perito_. I beg to inclose his own account. He +says: + + "It is a fact, that when _editorial_ articles are sent to the printer, + written directions are generally sent with them denoting what type is + to be used: thus, _brevier leads_, or _bourgeois leads_, signifying + that the articles are to be set in brevier or bourgeois type with + _lead_ strips between the lines, to keep them further asunder. It is + also a fact, that such articles are denominated in the printing-office + 'leaded articles'--hence, leaders." + +I submit if this does not justify my Note. I grant, however, many of those +articles are entitled also to be called _leaden_, as C. will have it. + +I do not think, however, that in tracing recent words, we should not give +possible as well as certain origins. Many words, if not a double, have at +least several putative origins. + +Let me subscribe myself--_seu male seu bene_-- + +NOTA. + +P. S.--I would like to suggest that this origin of the term "leading +article" is the most favourable to the modesty of any single writer for the +Press, who should hardly pretend to _lead_ public opinion. + + * * * * * + +LINES ON TIPPERARY. + +(Vol. vi., p. 578.) + +These lines were said to have been addressed to a Dr. Fitzgerald, on +reading the following couplet in his apostrophe to his native village:-- + + "And thou! dear Village, loveliest of the clime, + Fain would I name thee, but I scant in rhyme." + +I subjoin a tolerably complete copy of this "rime doggrele:" + + "A Bard there was in sad quandary, + To find a rhyme for Tipperary. + Long labour'd he through January, + Yet found no rhyme for Tipperary; + Toil'd every day in February, + But toil'd in vain for Tipperary; + Search'd Hebrew text and commentary, + But search'd in vain for Tipperary; + Bored all his friends at Inverary, + To find a rhyme for Tipperary; + Implored the aid of 'Paddy Cary,' + Yet still no rhyme for Tipperary; + He next besought his mother Mary, + To tell him rhyme for Tipperary; + But she, good woman, was no fairy, + Nor witch--though born in Tipperary;-- + Knew everything about her dairy, + But not the rhyme for Tipperary; + {44} + The stubborn muse he could not vary, + For still the lines would run contrary, + Whene'er he thought on Tipperary; + And though of time he was not chary, + 'Twas thrown away on Tipperary; + Till of his wild-goose chase most weary, + He vow'd to leave out Tipperary. + + . . . . . . + + But, no--the theme he might not vary, + His longing was not temporary, + To find meet rhyme for Tipperary. + He sought among the gay and airy, + He pester'd all the military, + Committed many a strange vagary, + Bewitch'd, it seem'd, by Tipperary. + He wrote post-haste to Darby Leary, + Besought with tears his Auntie Sairie:-- + But sought he far, or sought he near, he + Ne'er found a rhyme for Tipperary. + He travell'd sad through Cork and Kerry, + He drove 'like mad' through sweet Dunleary, + Kick'd up a precious tantar-ara, + But found no rhyme for Tipperary; + Lived fourteen weeks at Stran-ar-ara, + Was well nigh lost in Glenègary, + Then started 'slick' for Demerara, + In search of rhyme for Tipperary. + Through 'Yankee-land,' sick, solitary, + He roam'd by forest, lake, and prairie, + He went _per terram et per mare_, + But found no rhyme for Tipperary. + Through orient climes on Dromedary, + On camel's back through great Sahara; + His travels were extraordinary, + In search of rhyme for Tipperary. + Fierce as a gorgon or chimæra, + Fierce as Alecto or Megæra, + Fiercer than e'er a lovesick bear, he + Raged through 'the londe' of Tipperary. + His cheeks grew thin and wond'rous hairy, + His visage long, his aspect 'eerie,' + His _tout ensemble_, faith, would scare ye, + Amidst the wilds of Tipperary. + Becoming hypochon-dri-ary, + He sent for his apothecary, + Who ordered 'balm' and 'saponary,' + Herbs rare to find in Tipperary. + In his potations ever wary, + His choicest drink was 'home gooseberry,' + On 'swipes,' skim-milk, and smallest beer, he + Scanted rhyme for his Tipperary. + Had he imbibed good old Madeira, + Drank 'pottle-deep' of golden sherry, + Of Falstaff's sack, or ripe canary, + No rhyme had lack'd for Tipperary. + Or had his tastes been literary, + He might have found extemporary, + Without the aid of dictionary, + Some fitting rhyme for Tipperary. + Or had he been an antiquary, + Burnt 'midnight oil' in his library, + Or been of temper less 'camsteary,' + Rhymes had not lack'd for Tipperary. + He paced about his aviary, + Blew up, sky-high, his secretary, + And then in wrath and anger sware he, + There was _no_ rhyme for Tipperary." + +May we not say with Touchstone, "I'll rhyme you so, eight years together; +dinners, and suppers, and sleeping hours excepted: it is the right +butter-woman's rank to market." + +J. M. B. + + * * * * * + +SHAKESPEARE EMENDATIONS. + +(Vol. vi., p. 312.) + +I cannot receive MR. CORNISH'S substitution (p. 312.) of "chommer" for +_clamour_ in the _Winter's Tale_, Act IV. Sc. 3. In my opinion, _clamour_ +is nearly or altogether the right word, but wrongly spelt. We have a verb +_to clam_, which, as connected with _clammy_, we use for sticking with +glutinous matter; but which originally must, like the kindred German +_klemmen_, have signified _to press_, _to squeeze_; for the kind of wooden +vice used by harness-makers is, at least in some places, called a _clams_. +I therefore suppose the clown to have said _clam_, or perhaps _clammer_ +(_i.e._ hold) _your tongues._ + +Highly plausible as is MR. C.'S other emendation in the same place of _2 +Henry IV._, Act III. Sc. 1., I cannot receive it either. In Shakspeare the +word _clown_ is almost always nearly equivalent to the Spanish _gracioso_, +and denotes humour; and surely we cannot suppose it to be used of the +ship-boy. Besides, a verb is wanted, as the causal particle _for_ is as +usual to be understood before "Uneasy lies," &c. I see no objection +whatever to the common reading, though _possibly_ the poet wrote: + + "Then, happy _boy_, lie down." + +There never, in my opinion, was a happier emendation than that of _guidon_ +for _guard_; _On_, in _Henry V._, Act IV. Sc. 2.; and its being made by two +persons independently, gives it--as MR. COLLIER justly observes of +_palpable_ for _capable_ in _As You Like It_--additional weight. We are to +recollect that a Frenchman is the speaker. I find _guidon_ used for banner +in the following lines of Clément Marot (Elégie III.): + + "De Fermeté le grand _guidon_ suivrons," + +and-- + + "Cestuy _guidon_ et triomphante enseigne, + Nous devons suyvre: Amour le nous enseigne." + +The change of _a sea of troubles_ to _assay of troubles_ in _Hamlet_ is +very plausible, and ought perhaps to be received. So also is SIR F. +MADDEN'S of _face_ for _case_ (which last is downright nonsense) in +_Twelfth Night_, Act V. Sc. 1. But I would just hint that as all the rest +of the Duke's speech is in rhyme, it is not impossible that the poet may +have written-- + + "O thou dissembling cub! what wilt thou be + When time hath sow'd a grizzle upon thee?" + +{45} + +Allow me now to put a question to the critics. In the two concluding lines +of the _Merchant of Venice_ (the speaker, observe, is the jesting +Gratiano): + + "Well, while I live, I'll fear no other thing + So sore, as keeping safe Nerissa's ring." + +May there not be a covert allusion to the story first told by Poggio in his +_Facetiæ_, then by Ariosto, then by Rabelais, then by La Fontaine, and, +finally, by Prior, in his _Hans Carvel_? Rabelais was greatly read at the +time. + +THOMAS KEIGHTLEY. + + * * * * * + +STATUES REPRESENTED ON COINS. + +(Vol. vi., p. 485.) + +Mr. Burgon (_Inquiry into the Motive of the Representations on Ancient +Coins_, p. 19.) says: + + "I do not believe that the types of coins are, on any occasion, + original compositions; but always copied from some sacred public + monument.... When we find Minerva represented on coins, we are not to + understand the type as _a Minerva_, but _the Minerva of that place_; + and in some cases which might be brought forward, the individual + statues which are represented on coins, or ancient copies, will be + found still to exist." + +This opinion is certainly borne out by a very great number of proofs, and +may almost be considered demonstrated. The Farnese Hercules is found on +many coins, Roman and Greek. The commonest among the Roman are those of +Gordianus Pius, 1st and 2nd brass, with "VIRTVTI AVGVSTI." Three colonial +coins of Corinth, of Severus, Caracalla, and Geta (Vaillant, _Num. Imp. +Coloniis percuss_., ii. 7. 32. 54.), exhibit the same figure. As an +additional illustration of Mr. Burgon's view, I would advert to the +Corinthian coin of Aurelius (Vaill. i. 182.), which has a Hercules in a +different attitude; and which Vaillant regards as a copy of the statue +mentioned by Pausanias as existing at Corinth. Du Choul (_Religio vet. +Rom._, 1685, pp. 158, 159.) gives a coin representing Hercules killing +Antæus; and quotes Pliny for a statue representing this by Polycletus. Haym +also (_Tesoro_, i. 248.) gives a coin with a reversed view of the same +subject. The figures of Hercules on coins of Commodus are certainly copied +from the statues of that Emperor. Baudelot de Dairval (_De l'Utilité des +Voyages_) gives a small silver statuette of Commodus as Hercules, certainly +copied from the larger statues, and corresponding with those on coins. + +I am not aware of any coins exhibiting exactly the Venus de Medici. It is +possible, however, that they exist, though I cannot at present find them. +Haym (_Tesoro_, ii. 246., tab. xvi. 3.) gives a coin of Cnidus, with a very +similar representation, the Cnidian Venus, known to be copied from a statue +by Praxiteles. + +I must say the same as to the Apollo Belvidere. + +I cannot at present refer to an engraving of the equestrian statue of +Aurelius, but Mr. Akerman (_Descr. Cat._, i. 280. 12. 14., 283. 10.) +describes gold coins and a medallion of Aurelius, representing him on +horseback; and I find in the plates appended by De Bie to _Augustini +Antiquatum ex Nummis Dialogi_, Antw., 1617, plate 47., one of these coins +engraved. I find the medallion engraved also by Erizzo (last edition, n. +d., p. 335.) who explains it as referring to this statue. He says, however, +that the attribution of the statue was uncertain; and that on a medallion +of Antoninus Pius, which he possessed, exactly the same representation was +found, whence he was inclined to suppose it rather erected for Antoninus +Pius. + +I suppose the coins of Domna, alluded to by MR. TAYLOR, are those with the +legend "VENERI VICTRICI." In spite of the attitude, I can hardly think this +intended for Venus Callipyge, from the fact that Venus Victrix is found in +the same attitude on other coins, holding arms; and sometimes again holding +arms, but in a different attitude, and more or less clothed. The legend is +opposed also to this idea. See the coins engraved by Ondaan, or Oiselius, +Plate LII. The coin of Plantilla in Du Choul (l. c. p. 188.) is a stronger +argument; for here is seen a partially clothed Venus Victrix, with the same +emblems, leaning on a shield, as the Venus of Domna leans on a column, but +turned towards the spectator instead of away: thus demonstrating that no +allusion to Callipyge is to be seen in either. + +Erizzo (l. c. p. 519.) mentions the discovery at Rome of a fragment of a +marble statue inscribed "VENERIS VICTRICIS." + +In the British Museum (_Townley Gallery_, i. 95.) is a bas-relief +representing the building of the ship Argo. There is described in the +_Thomas Catalogue_, p. 22. lot 236., an unpublished (?) medallion of +Aurelius, possibly copied from this very bas-relief. A very doubtful +specimen exists in the Museum of the Scottish Antiquaries, which enables me +to make this assertion, although it is not minutely described in the +catalogue, and is otherwise explained. This is an additional confirmation +of the original statement, and many more might be added but for the +narrower limits allowed, which I fear I have already transgressed. + +W. H. SCOTT. + +Edinburgh. + + * * * * * + +JUDGE JEFFREYS. + +(Vol. vi., pp. 149. 432. 542.) + +This extraordinary and inhuman man was the sixth son of John Jeffreys, +Esq., of Acton, near Wrexham, co. Denbigh, by Margaret, daughter of Sir +Thomas Ireland, Knight, of Bewsey, and was born _at his father's house_ +about the year 1648. {46} He died on the 19th of April, 1689, at +thirty-five minutes past four in the morning. The tradition that his +remains were deposited at Enfield is incorrect. He was first interred in +the Tower privately, and after three years, when the day of persecution was +past, his friends petitioned that they might be allowed to remove the +coffin. This was granted, and by a warrant dated the 30th of September, +1692, signed by the queen and directed to the governor of the Tower, the +body of Lord Jeffreys was removed, and buried a second time in a vault +under the communion-table of St. Mary, Aldermanbury. As regards the number +of places pointed out as the residence of Judge Jeffreys, the following are +mentioned in the bill that was brought in for the forfeiture of his honour +and estate. + +In Salop he had the manors of Wem and Loppington, with many other lands and +tenements; in Leicestershire the manors of Dalby and Broughton; he bought +Dalby of the Duke of Buckingham, and after his death it passed to Sir +Charles Duncombe, and descended to Anthony Duncombe, afterwards Lord +Feversham. In Bucks he had the manor of Bulstrode, which he had purchased +of Sir Roger Hill in 1686, and the manor of Fulmer, with other tenements. +He built a mansion at Bulstrode, which came afterwards to his son-in-law, +Charles Dive, who sold it in the reign of Queen Anne, to William, Earl of +Portland, in whose family, now aggrandised by a dukedom, it still +continues. And he had an inclination at one time to have become the +purchaser of another estate (Gunedon Park), but was outwitted by one of his +legal brethren. Judge Jeffreys held his court in Duke Street, Westminster, +and made the adjoining houses towards the park his residence. These houses +were the property of Moses Pitt the bookseller (brother of the Western +Martyrologist), who, in his _Cry of the Oppressed_, complains very strongly +against his tenant, the chancellor. Jeffreys's "large house," according to +an advertisement in the _London Gazette_, was let to the three Dutch +ambassadors who came from Holland to congratulate King William upon his +accession in 1689. It was afterwards used for the Admiralty Office, until +the middle of King William's reign. + + "The house is easily known," says Pennant, "by a large flight of stone + steps, which his royal master permitted to be made into the park + adjacent, for the accommodation of his lordship. These steps terminate + above in a small court, on three sides of which stands the house." + +EDWARD F. RIMBAULT. + +The birthplace of Judge Jeffreys should not be a matter of doubt. The old +house at Acton in which his father lived, was in the parish of Wrexham, and +close to the confines of that parish and Gresford. It was pulled down about +seventy years ago, about the time when the present mansion bearing that +same name was built. Twenty years ago there were several persons living in +the neighbourhood who remembered that it stood in the parish of Wrexham. + +Lord Campbell, in his _Lives of the Lord Chancellors of England_, vol. iii. +p. 496., writes,-- + + "He (Judge Jeffreys) of whom such tales were to be told, was born in + his father's lowly dwelling at Acton in the year 1648." + +And he subjoins the following note: + + "This is generally given as the year of his birth, but I have tried in + vain to have it authenticated. There is no entry of his baptism, nor of + the baptism of his brothers, in the register of Wrexham, the parish in + which he was born, nor in the adjoining parish of Gresford, in which + part of the family property lies. I have had accurate researches made + in these registers by the kindness of my learned friend Serjeant + Atcherley, who has estates in the neighbourhood. It is not improbable + that, in spite of the Chancellor's great horror of dissenters, he may + have been baptized by 'a dissenting teacher.'" + +The fact is, however, and it is a fact known certainly twenty years ago to +several of the inhabitants of Gresford and Wrexham, that no register has +been preserved in the parish of Wrexham for a period extending from 1644 to +1662; and none in the parish of Gresford from 1630 to 1660. I may add that +no such registers have been discovered up to this time. + +TAFFY. + +When the family of Jeffreys became possessed of Acton is uncertain, +probably at a very early period, being descended from Cynric ap Rhiwallon, +great-grandson of Tudor Trevor. + +George Jeffreys, afterwards Chancellor, was born at Acton, and was sixth +son of John Jeffreys and Mary, daughter of Sir Thomas Ireland of Bewsey, +near Warrington, in Lancashire. In 1708 the estate passed into the family +of the Robinsons of Gwersyllt by the marriage of the eldest daughter and +heiress of Sir Griffith Jeffreys. Ellis Yonge, Esq., of Bryny Orchyn (in +the immediate neighbourhood), purchased the estate of Acton from the +trustees of the said Robinson. The Yonges were in no way related to the +Jeffreys, although bearing the same arms, as being also descended from the +same tribe. + +GRESFORD. + + * * * * * + +DUTCH ALLEGORICAL PICTURE. + +(Vol. vi., pp. 458. 590.) + +In answer to the obliging notice which your correspondent CUTHBERT BEDE +(Vol. vi., p. 590.) has taken of my description of the Dutch allegorical +picture, I beg to say that I agree with him, and admit myself to be +mistaken in supposing the {47} middle picture described (Vol. vi., p. 458.) +to represent St. John Baptist. On examining it again, I have no doubt it is +intended to denote the Ascension of our Lord. The right hand is raised as +in the act of benediction, and, as far as I can make it out (for the paint +is here somewhat rubbed), the fingers are in the position of benediction +described by your correspondent. I do not, however, concur in his +suggestions as to the meaning of the figures on the frame of the picture; +which is not shaped as a _vesica piscis_, but is (as I described it) a +lozenge. The female figure, holding a flaming heart, is, I would say, +_certainly not_ the Virgin Mary. + +The appearance of my account of this picture in your pages has been the +occasion of a very agreeable correspondence with the Editor of the +_Navorscher_ (the Dutch daughter of "N. & Q."). That gentleman has taken a +great interest in the subject, and has enabled me to decypher the mottoes +on the scrolls which run across the three pictures on the right-hand wall +of the room, which, in my former communication, I said I was unable to +read. + +The scroll on the picture nearest the fireplace contains these words: + + "Trouw moet blÿcken." + +That on the second picture, noticed by CUTHBERT BEDE, is, + + "Liefde boven al." + +And the scroll on the third bears the inscription, as I stated in my former +communication, + + "In Liefd' getrouwe;" + +for so it ought to have been printed. + +These, as the editor of the _Navorscher_ informs me, are the mottoes of +three Haarlem Societies of Rhetoricians called, 1. "De Pelicaen," whose +motto was, "_Trouw moet blÿcken_:" 2. "De Wyngaertrancken," whose motto +was, "_Liefde boven al_:" and, 3. "Witte Angiren," whose device was, "_In +Liefde getrouwe_." + +I think you are entitled to have whatever information I may glean +respecting this picture, as you so kindly inserted my description of it in +your columns; and I have to thank you for procuring me the acquaintance and +correspondence of the editor of the _Navorscher_. + +J. H. TODD, D.D. + +Trin. Coll. Dublin. + + * * * * * + +THE REPRINT, IN 1808, OF THE FIRST FOLIO EDITION OF SHAKSPEARE. + +(Vol. vi., p. 579.) + +In reply to the Query of VARRO, I beg to state that I possess the late Mr. +Upcott's collation of the reprint of the first folio edition of Shakspeare. +It consists of twenty-six folio leaves, exclusive of the fly-leaves, on the +first of which occur the following notes in the handwriting of the +collator: + + "London Institution, + "Moorfields, Dec. 25, 1821. + + "Four months and twenty-three days were occupied, during my leisure + moments, at the suggestion of our late Librarian, Professor Porson, in + reading and comparing the _pretended_ reprinted fac-simile _First_ + Edition of Shakspeare with the original First Edition of 1623. With + what _accuracy_ it passed through the Press, the following pages, + noticing 368 typographical errors, will sufficiently show. + + WM. UPCOTT." + + "MS. note written in Mr. Dawson Turner's transcript of these errors in + the reprint of Shakspeare, edit. 1623. + + "The contents of the following pages are the result of 145 days' close + attention by a very industrious man. The knowledge of such a task + having been undertaken and completed, caused some alarm among the + booksellers, who had expended a considerable sum of money upon the + reprint of Shakspeare, of which this MS. discloses the numerous errors. + Fearful, therefore, lest this should be published, they made many + overtures for the purchase of it, and at length Mr. Upcott was induced + to part with it to John and Arthur Arch, Cornhill, from whom he + expected a handsome remuneration; he received a single copy of the + reprint, published at five guineas. + + "N.B. This copy, _corrected_ by myself from the above MS., I sold to + James Perry, proprietor of the _Morning Chronicle_, for six guineas: + which at his sale (Part III.) produced 12l. 1s. 6d. + + WM. UPCOTT." + +At the end of the volume is written: + + "Finished this collation Jan. 28, 1809, at three minutes past 12 + o'clock. + + WM. UPCOTT." + +Upon comparing these remarks of Mr. Upcott with Lowndes' _Bibliographer's +Manual_, p. 1645., col. 1., it will be seen that the latter was not +accurately informed as to Perry's copy; Professor Porson having had no +farther share in that laborious work than the recommending Mr. Upcott to +undertake the collation, from which Perry's copy was subsequently +corrected. + +F. C. B. + + * * * * * + +PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES. + +_Le Grey and the Collodion Process._--As the claim to the invention of the +collodion process is disputed, I think, in justice to MR. LE GREY, whom all +will acknowledge as a talented man, and who has done much for photography, +that the claims he puts forth, and which I give, should be known to your +readers who have not got his work, as they are in direct contradiction to +MR. ARCHER'S letter in your 165th No. In his last published work, page 89., +he states: + + "I was the first to apply collodion to photography. My first + experiments were made in 1849. I used that substance then principally + to give more equality and {48} fineness to the paper. I employed for + that purpose a solution of iodide of potassium in alcohol of forty + degrees saturated with collodion. + + "In continuing these studies I was induced to apply this body upon + glass, to obtain more fineness, and I was soon in possession of an + extremely rapid proceeding, _which I at last consigned to the pamphlet + that I published in 1850, and which was translated into English at the + same time_. + + "I had already at that time indicated the protosulphate of iron for + developing the image, the ammonia and the fluorides as accelerating + agents; and I was the first to announce having obtained by these means + portraits in five seconds in the shade. + + "The pyro-gallic acid is generally used now in place of the sulphate of + iron that I had indicated; but this is wrong, that last salt forming + the image much more rapidly and better, it having to be left less time + in the camera. + + "I believe, then, I have a right to claim for my country and myself the + invention of this would-be English process, _and of having been the + first to indicate the collodion, and of giving the best method that has + been discovered up to the present time_. + + "From the publication of my process, till my return from the voyage + that I had made for the minister, I was little occupied in practising + it, my labours on the dry paper having taken all my time. This has been + used as a weapon against me, to make out that the first trials before + setting out had been quite fruitless, as they had heard nothing more + about it. + + "Nevertheless, I have made my discovery completely public; and if I had + practised it but little, leaving it to others to further develope, it + has only been to occupy myself upon other works of which the public has + still profited. It is then much more ungenerous to wish to take from me + the merit of its invention." + +G. C. + +_Ready Mode of iodizing Paper._--The readiest way I have found of iodizing +the beautiful paper of Canson Frères, is the cyano-iodide of silver, made +as follows: Twenty grains of nitrate of silver may be placed in half an +ounce of distilled water, and half an ounce of solution of iodide of +potassa, fifty grains to the ounce, added to the silver solution. Cyanide +of potassa may then be added, drop by drop, till the precipitate is +dissolved, and the whole filled up with four ounces of water. This solution +requires but a very few minutes' floating upon water containing a small +quantity of sulphuric acid; and it is then ready, after a bath of nitrate +of silver, for the camera, and will not present any of the disagreeable +spots so noticed by most photographers. This paper is probably the best for +negative pictures we have at present; although, if very transparent paper +is required, oiled paper may be used for negative pictures very +successfully; or paper varnished is equally good. The oiled paper may be +prepared as follows: Take the best walnut oil, that oil having less +tendency to darken paper of any other kind, and oil it thoroughly. It must +then be hung up in the light for a few days, the longer the better, till +quite dry. It may then be iodized with the ammonio-nitrate, the ammoniated +solution passing more readily over greased surfaces. The varnished paper +may be prepared by half an ounce of mastic varnish and three ounces of +spirits of turpentine, hung up to dry, and treated as the oiled paper in +iodizing; but both are better for resting a short time previous to iodizing +upon water containing a little isinglass in solution, but used very +sparingly. + +As I have experienced the excellence of these preparations, I hope they may +be useful to your photographic students. + +WELD TAYLOR. + +Bayswater. + +_After-dilution of Solutions._--There are in general use two methods of +preparing sensitive paper. In one, as in Mr. Talbot's, the iodide of silver +is formed in a state of purity, before being rendered sensitive: and as, +for this end, a small quantity only of nitrate of silver is necessary, a +very dilute solution will answer the purpose as well, or even better, than +a strong one; but by the other method, the paper being prepared with iodide +of potassium only, or with some other analogous salt, the iodide of silver +has to be formed by the same solution that renders it sensitive. Now as for +every 166.3 parts of iodide of potassium 170.1 parts of nitrate of silver +are required for this purpose, it is evident that a dilute solution could +not be employed unless a very large bulk were taken, and the paper kept in +a considerable time. + +The after-washing is to remove from the surface of the paper the great +excess of silver, which is of but little service, and prevents the paper +from keeping. + +WILLIAM CROOKES. + +Hammersmith. + +_Stereoscopic Pictures from one Camera._--Your correspondent RAMUS will +easily obtain stereoscopic pictures by either of the following +plans:--After the first picture is taken, move the subject, as on a pivot, +either to the right or left, through an angle of about 15°; then take the +second impression: this will do very well for an inanimate object, as a +statue; but, if a portrait is required, the camera, after taking the first +picture, must be moved either to the right or left, a distance of not more +than one-fifth of the distance it stands from the sitter; that is, if the +camera is twenty feet from the face of the sitter, the distance between its +first and second position should not exceed four feet, otherwise the +picture will appear distorted, and the stereosity unnaturally great. Of +course it is absolutely necessary in this plan that the sitter do not move +his position between the taking of the two impressions, and also that the +distance between him and the camera be the same in both operations. {49} + +In reply to the very sensible inquiry of SIMPLICITAS, there is an essential +difference between the calotype of Talbot and the waxed-paper process, the +picture in the first being almost entirely superficial, whilst in the +latter it is much more in the body of the paper; this causes the +modification of the treatment. A _tolerably-strong_ solution of (A_9O NO_5) +nitrate of silver is required to decompose the (KI) iodide of potassium, +with which the paper is _saturated_, in any reasonable time, but if this +were allowed to dry on the surface, stains would be the inevitable result; +therefore it is floated in distilled water, to remove this from the +_surface_; and it seems to me that the keeping of the paper depends on the +greater or less extent to which this surface-coating is removed. There can +be no doubt that the paper would be far more sensitive, if used +immediately, without the washing, simply blotting it off; but then the +great advantage of the process would be lost, viz. its capability of being +kept. + +WILLIAM PUMPHREY. + +_Camera for Out-door Operations._--I should be glad to see a clear +description of a camera so constructed as to supersede the necessity for a +dark room. Such a description has been promised by DR. DIAMOND (Vol. vi., +p. 277.); and if he could be induced to furnish it at an early period, I at +least, amongst the readers of "N. & Q.," should feel much additionally +indebted to him. + +E. S. + + * * * * * + +"'TWAS ON THE MORN." + +(Vol. vi., p. 556.) + +This is a very celebrated Gloucestershire ballad, which though at one time +popular, is, I believe, rarely heard now. I have before me an old and much +mutilated broadside of it, which, at the conclusion, has the initials "L. & +B." I presume the words are wanted, and therefore send them; and not +knowing whether the tune has been published, will also forward it, if +wished for by your querist. + + 1. + + "'Twas on the morn of sweet May-day, + When Nature painted all things gay, + Taught birds to sing, and lambs to play, + And gild the meadows fair; + Young Jockey, early in the morn, + Arose and tript across the lawn; + His Sunday clothes the youth put on, + For Jenny had vow'd away to run + With Jockey to the fair. + For Jenny had vow'd away to run + With Jockey to the fair. + + 2. + + The cheerful parish bells had rung, + With eager steps he trudg'd along, + While rosy garlands round him hung, + Which shepherds us'd to wear; + He tapt the window: 'Haste, my dear;' + Jenny impatient cry'd, 'Who's there?' + ''Tis I, my love, and no one near; + Step gently down, you've nought to fear, + With Jockey to the fair.' + Step gently, &c. + + 3. + + 'My dad and mammy's fast asleep, + My brother's up, and with the sheep; + And will you still your promise keep, + Which I have heard you swear? + And will you ever constant prove?' + 'I will, by all the Powers above, + And ne'er deceive my charming dove. + Dispel those doubts, and haste, my love, + With Jockey to the fair.' + Dispel, &c. + + 4. + + 'Behold the ring,' the shepherd cry'd; + 'Will Jenny be my charming bride? + Let Cupid be our happy guide, + And Hymen meet us there.' + Then Jockey did his vows renew; + He would be constant, would be true. + His word was pledg'd; away she flew, + With cowslips tipt with balmy dew, + With Jockey to the fair. + With cowslips, &c. + + 5. + + In raptures meet the joyful train; + Their gay companions, blithe and young, + Each join the dance, each join the throng, + To hail the happy pair. + In turns there's none so fond as they, + They bless the kind, propitious day, + The smiling morn of blooming May, + When lovely Jenny ran away + With Jockey to the fair. + When lovely, &c. + +H. G. D. + + * * * * * + +ALLEGED REDUCTION OF ENGLISH SUBJECTS TO SLAVERY. + +(Vol. v., p. 510.) + +The crime imputed to the Dutch authorities (that of reducing English +subjects to slavery) is of so atrocious a character, that any explanation +that should place the matter in a less offensive light, would be but an act +of justice to the parties implicated. With this view I venture to submit to +URSULA and W. W. the following conclusions which I have arrived at, after a +careful consideration of all the circumstances. + +I am of opinion that the writer of the letter in question (charging the +Dutch Governor with the above mentioned offence) was the officer commanding +the troops in the English division of St. Christopher; and, in that +capacity, invested with the civil government. At that period, the {50} +administration of our West Indian possessions was generally confided to the +military commandants: our policy, in that respect, being different from +that of the French, who have contrived at all times to maintain, in each of +their colonies, an uninterrupted succession of Governors appointed from +home. + +The name of the Dutch Governor of St. Martin, to whom the letter was +addressed, has not been ascertained. He was probably some buccaneering +chief, who cared as little for the States-General as he did for the +Governor of St. Christopher. If not actually engaged in the piratical +enterprises of his countrymen, he certainly had no objection to receive, +according to usage, the lion's share of the booty as a reward for his +connivance. + +It is very doubtful whether the outrage imputed, in this instance, to the +Dutch Governor, was perpetrated, or even attempted. The buccaneers, +English, French, and Dutch, began by uniting their efforts against the +Spaniards. After a time they "fell out" (as thieves will sometimes do), +and, turning from the common enemy, they directed their marauding +operations against each other. It was doubtless during one of these that +the Dutch captured the English ship in question; detaining the passengers +and crew at St. Martin, in the hope of extorting some considerable ransom +for their release. When, therefore, the English Governor threatened to +complain to the States-General of the "reduction to slavery of English +subjects," we must presume that, by the words "reducing to slavery," he +meant to describe the forcible _detention_ of the passengers and crew; and +that, in doing so, he merely resorted to the expedient of magnifying a +common act of piracy into an outrage of a more heinous character, with the +view of frightening the Dutch authorities into a compliance with his +wishes, and obtaining the restitution of the property and subjects of his +"dread Sovereigne Lord y^e King." The annals of that period are replete +with similar adventures; and Labat relates several of them which he +witnessed during a voyage to Guadaloupe in a vessel belonging to the French +buccaneers. As to the English, the daring exploits of Sir Henry Morgan and +his followers, and the encouragement which they received, both at home and +in the colonies, show that _we_ were not behind our neighbours in those +days of marauding notoriety. + +HENRY H. BREEN. + +St. Lucia. + + * * * * * + + +Replies to Minor Queries. + +_Royal Assent, &c._ (Vol. vi., p. 556.).-- + +1. No such forms as those referred to by Clarendon are usual now. + +2. The last time the prerogative of rejecting a bill, after passing both +Houses of Parliament, was exercised, was in 1692, when William III. refused +his assent to the bill for Triennial Parliaments. Two years after, however, +he was induced to allow the bill to become the law of the land. + +J. R. W. + +Bristol. + +_Can Bishops vacate their Sees?_ (Vol. v., p. 156.).--R. C. C., in his +reply to this Query of K. S., writes, that he has never heard of any but +Dr. Pearce who wished so to do. + +There is another instance in the case of Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne, who, +having failed in his attempt to exchange his bishopric for some canonry or +headship at Oxford, applied to the Secretary of State for his majesty's +permission to resign his bishopric. + +So extraordinary a petition excited his majesty's curiosity, and caused his +inquiry from whence it came; when, learning that the person was his old +acquaintance, Dr. Berkeley, he declared that he should die a bishop in +spite of himself, but gave him full power to choose his own place of +residence. This was in 1753. + +The above is taken from Bp. Mant's _History of the Church of Ireland_, vol. +ii. p. 534. + +RUBI. + +_"Genealogies of the Mordaunt Family," by the Earl of Peterborough_ (Vol. +vi., p. 553.).--Bridges, in his _History of Northamptonshire_, vol. ii. p. +252., states that twenty-four copies of the work were printed. There is a +large paper copy of the work, in the library at Drayton House, the former +seat of the Mordaunts, now the property of W.B. Stopford, Esq. + +J. B. + +_Niágara, or Niagára?_ (Vol. vi., p. 555.).--An enthusiastic person, of the +name of Pemberton (who had spent much time at the Falls, and was so +enthusiastic in his admiration of them that he protested he _could not_ +keep away from them, and went back and died there), informed me that the +proper name was _Ni-ágara_ or _aghera_,--two Indian words signifying "Hark +to the thunder." + +J. G. + +_Maudlin_ (Vol. vi., p. 552.).--Your Massachusetts correspondent comes a +long way for information which he might surely have obtained on his own +side of the Atlantic. Dr. Johnson says, "_Maudlin_ is the corrupt +appellation of _Magdalen_, who is drawn by painters with swollen eyes and +disordered look." And do we not know that Magdalene College is always +called _Maudlin_, and that _Madeleine_ is the French orthography? very +closely resembling our vernacular pronunciation? + +J. G. + +_Spiritual Persons employed in Lay Offices_ (Vol. vi., pp. 376. +567.).--Your correspondents W. and E. H. A. seem to have overlooked the +modern instances of this practice, which the _London Gazette_ has recently +recorded, in {51} announcing the appointment of several clergymen as +deputy-lieutenants. This is an office which is so far of a military +character, that it is supposed to place the holder in the rank of +lieutenant-colonel, and certainly entitles him to wear a military uniform. +If these members of the "church militant" should be presented at Her +Majesty's Court in their new appointment, will they appear in their +clerical or military habit? + +[Omega]. [Phi]. + +_Passage in Burke_ (Vol. vi., p. 556.).--The reply to QUANDO TANDEM'S Query +is given, I imagine, by Burke himself, in a passage which occurs only a few +lines after that which has been quoted: + + "Little did I dream that she should ever be obliged to carry the sharp + antidote against disgrace concealed in that bosom." + +This means, I suppose, that Marie Antoinette carried a dagger, with which, +_more Romano_, she would have committed suicide, had her brutal persecutors +assaulted her. + +ALFRED GATTY. + +_Ensake and Cradock Arms_ (Vol. vi., p. 533.).--In a pedigree of the family +of Barnwell, of Cransley in Northamptonshire, now before me, I find +emblazoned the arms of Ensake: Paly of six azure and or, on a bend sable +three mullets pierced. Cradock: Argent, three boars' heads couped sable +armed or. + +G. A. C. + +_Sich House_ (Vol. vi., pp. 363. 568.).--_Sike_ or _syke_, a word in common +use in the south of Scotland, and on the Border, meaning a small water run. +In Jamieson's _Dictionary_ it is spelt "_Sike_, _syik_, _syk_, a rill or +rivulet; one that is usually dry in summer; a small stream or rill; a +marshy bottom with a small stream in it." + +J. S.S. + +_Americanisms so called_ (Vol. vi., p. 554.).--The word _bottom_, +signifying a piece of low ground, whether _upon_ a stream of water or not, +is English. I recollect two places at this moment (both dry), in the county +of Surrey, to which the word is applied, viz. Smitham Bottom, to the north +of Reigate, through which the railway runs; and Boxhill Bottom, a few miles +to the westward, in the same range of chalk hills. + +_Sparse_ and _sparsely_, it is said by UNEDA of Philadelphia, _are_ +Americanisms. This, however, is not so. There is a Query on the word +_sparse_ in Vol. i., p. 215. by C. FORBES: and on p. 251. of the same +volume J. T. STANLEY supposes it to be an Americanism, on the authority of +the _Penny Cyclopædia_. + +I have a strong conviction that I then wrote to "N. & Q." to claim the word +_sparse_ as aboriginal to the British Isles, for I find memoranda I had +made at the time on the margin of my Jamieson's _Dictionary_ on the +subject; but I do not find that what I then wrote had been printed in "N. & +Q." + +In the _Supplement to Jamieson's Dictionary_ is the following: "SPARS, +SPARSE, _adj._ widely spread; as, 'sparse writing' is wide open writing, +occupying a large space." The word is in common use throughout the south of +Scotland. + +I have come to be of opinion that there are few, if any, words that are +real Americanisms, but that (except where the substance or the subject is +quite modern) almost every word and expression now in use among the +Anglo-Americans may be traced to some one of the old provincial dialects of +the British Isles. + +J. S.S. + +_The Folger Family_ (Vol. vi., p. 583.).--I do not know whether there are +any of that name in Wales, but there was a family of that name near Tregony +in Cornwall some years ago, and may be now. I am not quite certain whether +they spell it Folger or Fulger, but rather think the latter was the mode of +spelling it. + +S. JENNINGS-G. + +_Wake Family_ (Vol. vi., p. 290.).--The Rev. Robert Wake was vicar of +Ogbourne, St. Andrew, Wilts, from 1703 to 1715, N.S., during which time he +had these children:--Thomas, born the 17th of July, 1706, and baptized on +the 28th of the same month; Elizabeth and Anne, both baptized on the 16th +of July, 1711. + +ARTHUR R. CARTER. + +Camden Town. + +_Shakspeare's "Twelfth Night"_ (Vol. vi., p. 584.).--Agreeing with MR. +SINGER in his doubts regarding the propriety of changing the word _case_ +into _face_, in the line,-- + + "When time hath sow'd a grizzle on thy _case_"-- + +I would instance a passage in _Measure for Measure_, where Angelo says-- + + "O place! O form! + How often dost thou with thy _case_, thy habit, + Wrench awe from fools," &c. + +W. C. + +_Electrical Phenomena_ (Vol. vi., p. 555.).--The case recorded by ADSUM is +not at all an infrequent one, and the phenomena alluded to have been +noticed for a very long period, and are of very common occurrence in dry +states of the atmosphere. The following, from Daniel's _Introduction to +Chemical Philosophy_ (a most useful work for general readers), will +probably explain all that ADSUM is desirous of knowing: + + "It was first observed by Otto de Guericke and Hawsbee, that the + friction of glass and resinous substances not only produced the + phenomena which we have just described (those of vitreous and resinous + electricity), but, under favourable circumstances, was accompanied by a + rustling or crackling noise; and, when the experiment was made in a + dark room, by flashes and sparks of light upon their surfaces. When + once the attention has been directed to the observation, {52} most + persons will find that such phenomena of electrical light are familiar + occurrences, and often present themselves in suddenly drawing off from + the person a silk stocking, or a flannel waistcoat, or in the _friction + of long hair by combing_. How small a degree of friction is sufficient + to excite electricity in the human body, is shown in a striking way by + placing a person upon an insulating stool (with glass legs). If in such + a position he place his finger upon a gold-leaf electrometer, and + another person flip him lightly with a silk handkerchief, the leaves + will immediately repel each other" (resinous electricity has been + excited).--Page 205. par. 307. + +S. JENNINGS-G. + +_Daubuz Family_ (Vol. vi., p. 527.).--Where are the descendants of this +worthy family (Daubuz)? It may possibly give MR. CORSER a clue to the +information he desires, if I tell him that there is a very respectable +family of that name in Cornwall. One lives in the neighbourhood of Truro, +and a brother is vicar of Creed, near Grampound, Cornwall. The father of +these gentlemen was the first of the family, I believe, who resided in +Cornwall, where he amassed a large fortune from his connexion with mining +speculations. + +S. JENNINGS-G. + +_Lord Nelson_ (Vol. vi., p. 576.).--I am obliged to MR. KERSLEY for giving +me an opportunity of reconciling my statement respecting Dr. Scott (Vol. +vi., p. 438.) with the inscription on Mr. Burke's monument. Both, I +believe, are true. I quote from the _Authentic Narrative of the Death of +Lord Nelson_, by William Beatty, M.D. &c. The copy of this work which is +before me has the following in Sir W. Beatty's own handwriting: "To the +Rev. Doctor Scott, with every sentiment of regard, by his friend and +messmate, the author." In this "narrative," Dr. Scott and Mr. Burke are +generally described as personally attending on Lord Nelson from the time of +his being brought down into the cockpit. And at p. 50. it is said: "Doctor +Scott and Mr. Burke, who had all along sustained the bed under his +shoulders," &c.: and again at p. 51. "His lordship breathed his last at +thirty minutes past four o'clock: at which period Dr. Scott was in the act +of rubbing his lordship's breast, and Mr. Burke supporting the bed under +his shoulders." All this is represented in West's beautiful picture, which +hangs, in a bad light, in the hall of Greenwich Hospital. + +There is another claimant for the honour of having been Nelson's last +nurse, whose name I forget. His pretensions are recorded on a tablet to his +memory in the chapel of Greenwich Hospital. Dr. Scott's daughter, who was +with me there one day, remonstrated on the subject with old blue jacket who +lionised us. And I put in the lady's right to speak with some authority. +But "what is writ is writ," was enough for our guide: we could make nothing +of him, for he fought our arguments as if they had been so many guns of the +enemy. + +ALFRED GATTY. + +_Robes and Fees in the Days of Robin Hood_ (Vol. vi., p. 479.).--In +translating the ordinances and statutes against maintainers and +conspirators, MR. LEWELLYN CURTIS more than once translates "gentz de +_pais_," by "persons of _peace_." This is a material error: it should be +"_of the country_;" "pays," not "paix." For the subject referred to, Mr. +Foss's _Judges of England_, vol. iii., should be consulted. + +J. BT. + +_Wray_ (Vol. iv., p. 164.).--In one of the Wray pedigrees in Burke's +_Landed Gentry_, it is stated that the Yorkshire family of that name +originally resided in Coverdale in Richmondshire. + +In Clarkson's _History of Richmond_ is a pedigree of the "Wrays," which +commences (if I rightly recollect) with an ancestor (six or eight years +before him) of Sir Christopher Wray, of whose fore-elders, some lived at +St. Nicholas, near to Richmond. + +I have traced a family of the name of _Wray_ or _Wraye_ for three centuries +back, in Wensleydale, and at Coverham in Coverdale (both in Richmondshire), +but am unable to connect it by direct evidence with either of the pedigrees +above referred to; and should be much obliged for any information touching +any part of the family in Richmondshire, particularly such as might aid in +showing the relation of the several branches to one another. + +With reference to the origin of the name, I may mention, that there is a +valley called Raydale, between Wensleydale and Craven, adjacent to +Coverdale and also a village in Westmoreland, near to the western extremity +of Wensleydale, called _Wray_ or _Ray_. + +The arms of the Wensleydale Wrays are: azure, a chevron ermine between +three helmets proper on a chief or, three martlets gules; crest a martlet, +and motto "Servabo fidem." + +I am informed that there is to be found, in the Heralds' College, an entry +of a _Wray_ pedigree with these arms; and I should be glad to have +particulars of such entry. + +The motto of the St. Nicholas family is, to the best of my recollection, +"Et juste et vraye:" a canting motto, as is that of + +PAK-RAE. + +Calcutta. + +_Irish Rhymes_ (Vol. vi., pp. 431. 539. 605.).--For the benefit of +Irishmen, I beg to adduce Shakspeare as a writer of _Irish Rhymes_. In that +exquisite little song called for by Queen Catharine, "to soothe her soul +grown sad with troubles," we have: + + "Everything that heard him _play_, + Even the billows of the _sea_." + +W. C. + +{53} + + * * * * * + + +Miscellaneous. + +NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. + +We have received a copy of _Notes and Emendations on the Text of +Shakspeare's Plays from Early Manuscript Corrections in a Copy of the Folio +in the Possession of J. Payne Collier, Esq., F.S.A., forming a Supplemental +Volume to the Works of Shakspeare, by the same Editor, in Eight Volumes, +8vo._ With the nature of this volume the readers of "N. & Q." are already +so fully acquainted, from the frequent references which have been made to +it in these columns, that on this occasion we feel that we need do little +more than record its publication, and the fact that it appears to be edited +with the same scrupulous care, for which all works which appeared under the +superintendence of Mr. Collier are invariably distinguished. That all the +critics will agree either with the MS. corrections, or with Mr. Collier in +his estimate of the value of the emendations, is not to be expected; but +all will acknowledge that he has done good service to Shakspearian +literature by their publication. + +"The New Year," observes _The Athenæum_, "opens with some announcements of +promise in our own literary world. Mr. Bentley announces the Memorials and +Correspondence of Charles James Fox, on which the late Lord Holland was +understood to be so long engaged. The work, however, is now to be edited by +Lord John Russell, and to extend to two volumes octavo. The same publisher +promises a history, in one large volume, of 'The Administration of the East +India Company,' by Mr. Kaye, author of the 'History of the War in +Affghanistan;' and a 'History (in two volumes octavo) of the Colonial +Policy of the British Empire from 1847 to 1851,' by the present Earl +Grey.--The fifth and concluding volume of 'The Letters of the Earl of +Chesterfield,' including some new letters now first published from the +original MSS., under the editorship, as before, of Lord Mahon, will, we +believe, shortly appear.--Two volumes of 'Letters of the Poet Gray,' so +often announced by Mr. Bentley, are to come out at last during the present +season. They will be edited by the Rev. J. Mitford, author of 'The Life of +Gray.'--Nor is Mr. Murray without his usual attractive bill of fare for the +literary appetite. The Lowe Papers, left in a mass of confusion at the +death of Sir Harris Nicolas, are now nearly ready; and the St. Helena Life +of Napoleon will appear, it is said, for the first time, as far as Sir +Hudson Lowe is concerned, in its true light. The Castlereagh Papers (now in +Mr. Murray's hands) will include matter of moment connected with the +Congress of Vienna, the Battle of Waterloo, and the occupation of Paris. +The same publisher announces The Speeches of the Duke of Wellington (to +which we called attention some time back):--also a work by Mr. George +Campbell, called 'India as it may be,'--and another by Captain Elphinstone +Erskine about the Western Pacific and Feejee Islands.--The Messrs. Longman +announce a Private Life of Daniel Webster, by his late Private Secretary, +Mr. Charles Lanman--and a new work by Signor Mariotti, 'An Historical +Memoir of Fra Dolcino and his Times.'--Mr. Bohn will have ready in a few +days 'Yule-Tide Legends,' a collection of Scandinavian Tales and Tradition, +edited by B. Thorpe, Esq.--Messrs. Hurst and Blackett--whose names now take +the place of Mr. Colburn's, as his successors--are about to publish Memoirs +of the Court and Cabinets of George the Third, to be compiled from original +family documents by the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos." + +We need scarcely remind the Fellows of the Society of Antiquaries who may +have in their minds suggestions for the improvement of the Society, how +desirable it is that they should bring those suggestions at once under the +consideration of the Committee just appointed. We are sure that all such as +are submitted to Mr. Hawkins and his colleagues will receive every +attention; and we trust that the Committee will at once proceed to their +task, so that the Society may have time to well consider their Report +before the Anniversary in April. + +BOOKS RECEIVED.--_Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, by various +Writers_. Edited by William Smith. Part V. The new issue of this most +useful work extends from _Campi Raudii_ to _Cimolus_.--_Cyclopædia +Bibliographica, a Library Manual of Theological and General Literature, +Analytical, Bibliographical, and Biographical._ Part IV. of this useful +guide for authors, preachers, students, and literary men, extends from +Henry Bull to Isaac Chauncy.--_The Journal of Sacred Literature._ New +Series. Edited by Dr. Kitto. No. VI.--_Swift and Richardson_, by Lord +Jeffrey, is the new Number of Longman's _Traveller's Library_.--_The Goose +Girl at the Well_, &c., completes the interesting collection of Grimm's +_Household Stories_.--_The Shakspeare Repository_ is the first Number of a +work especially devoted to Shakspeare, containing a great variety of matter +illustrative of his life and writings, by J. H. Fennell.--_The Chess +Player's Chronicle_, the first Number of which professes and appears to be +an improved series of this indispensable Chess Player's companion. + + * * * * * + +BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES + +WANTED TO PURCHASE. + +LUD. GUICCIARDINI'S DESCRIP. BELGII. + +RASTALL'S EXPOSITION OF WORDS. + +THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for January 1851. + +BEN JONSON'S WORKS. (London, 1716. 6 Vols.) Vol. II. wanted. + +THE PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE. (Original Edition.) Vol. I. + +RAPIN'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 8vo. Vols. I., III. and V. of the CONTINUATION +by TINDAL. 1744. + +SHARPE'S PROSE WRITERS. Vol. IV. 21 Vols. 1819. Piccadilly. + +INCHBALD'S BRITISH THEATRE. Vol. XXIV. 25 Vols. Longman. + +MEYRICK'S ANCIENT ARMOUR, by SKELTON. Part XVI. + +DONNE, [Greek: Biathanatos], 4to. First Edition, 1644. + +------ ------ ------ Second Edition, 1648. + +---- PSEUDO-MARTYR. 4to. + +---- PARADOXES, PROBLEMS, AND ESSAYS, &c. 12mo. 1653. + +---- ESSAYS IN DIVINITY. 12mo. 1651. + +---- SERMONS ON ISAIAH l. 1. + +POPE'S WORKS, by WARTON. Vol. IX. 1797. In boards. + +PERCY SOCIETY PUBLICATIONS. No. 94. Three copies. + +MEMOIRS OF THE DUCHESS OF ABRANTES. (Translation.) 8 vols. 8vo. Bentley. + +POEMS OF "ALASDAIR MAC MHAIGHSTIR ALASDAIR" MACDONALD. + +{54} SMITH'S COLLECTANEA ANTIQUA. 2 vols. 8vo.; or Vol. I. + +BREWSTER'S MEMOIR OF REV. HUGH MOISES, M.A., Master of Newcastle Grammar +School. + +RELIGIO MILITIS; or Christianity for the Camp. Longmans, 1826. + +*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send +their names._ + +*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be +sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + +Notices to Correspondents. + +NOTICES TO CORRESPONDENTS.--_In our early Numbers we inserted an address to +Correspondents, in which we observed, "Correspondents will see, on a very +little reflection, that it is plainly the Editor's interest to take all he +can get, and make the most and the best of everything; and therefore he +begs them to take for granted that their communications are received and +appreciated, even if the succeeding Numbers bear no proof of it. He is +convinced that the want of specific acknowledgment will only be felt by +those who have no idea of the labour and difficulty attendant on the +hurried management of such a work, and of the impossibility of sometimes +giving an explanation, when there really is one which would quite satisfy +the writer, for the delay or non-insertion of his communication. +Correspondents in such cases have no reason, and, if they understood an +Editor's position, they would feel that they have no right, to consider +themselves undervalued: but nothing short of personal experience in +editorship would explain to them the perplexities and evil consequences +arising from the opposite course." We have thought well to repeat this +general explanation because we have this week received two inquiries +respecting the non-insertion of communications, neither party giving us his +name nor the subject of the non-inserted communication._ + +H. H. H.'s (Ashburton) _letter has been forwarded to_ DR. DIAMOND. _It is +not the first by many which we have received expressive of the writer's +thanks for his valuable Photographic Papers._ + +ALPHA _complains in so generous a spirit that we regret we cannot agree +with him. We assure him that, on the first point on which he writes, he is +the only one who has so written, while we have had dozens of letters of +thanks; and he will see in the present No._ (antè, p. 34.) _the value of +the art recognised by a gentleman under whose notice it would probably +never have been brought in a purely scientific journal. The second +suggestion is one to which we, and many of our brethren of the Press, have +turned our attention frequently, but hitherto unsuccessfully. The +difficulties are greater than ALPHA imagines._ + +T. W. U. KEYE. _Will our Correspondent favour us with particulars?_ + +ENQUIRER _cannot do better than follow the directions for the Paper Process +given by_ DR. DIAMOND _in our last Number. We hope soon to be able to give +him satisfactory information on the other points of his communication_. + +THE INDEX AND TITLE-PAGE _to our Sixth Volume will be ready for delivery on +Saturday next_. + +_A neat case for holding the Numbers of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," _until the +completion of each Volume, is now ready, price_ 1s. 6d., _and may be had, +by order, of all Booksellers and Newsmen_. + +ERRATUM. _In the Number of last week the passage from the Septuagint quoted +at_ p. 14. _ought to have stood thus_: "[Greek: gegraptai de, auton palin +agastêsesthai meth' hôn ho Kurios anistêsin]."--Cambridge edition of 1665. + + * * * * * + + +WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, + +3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. + +Founded A.D. 1842. + + _Directors._ + H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. + William Cabell, Esq. + T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. + G. Henry Drew, Esq. + William Evans, Esq. + William Freeman, Esq. + F. Fuller, Esq. + J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. + T. Grissell, Esq. + James Hunt, Esq. + J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. + E. Lucas, Esq. + James Lys Seager, Esq. + J. Basley White, Esq. + Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. + + _Trustees._ + W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; + L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; + George Drew, Esq. + +_Consulting Counsel._--Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P. + +_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. + +_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. + +VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. + +POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary +difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to +suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on +the Prospectus. + +Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in +three-fourths of the Profits:-- + + Age £ s. d. + 17 1 14 4 + 22 1 18 8 + 27 2 4 5 + 32 2 10 8 + 37 2 18 6 + 42 3 8 2 + +ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. + +Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, +INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING +SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in +the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a +Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR +SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. +Parliament Street, London. + + * * * * * + + +SHAKSPEARE SOCIETY. + +MR. PAYNE COLLIER'S Volume of Notes and Emendations on the Text of +SHAKSPEARE, derived from the unpublished and highly important manuscript +corrections, made by a cotemporary, in the Folio Edition of 1632, will be +ready on the 11th instant for delivery to the Subscribers who have paid +their Subscription for the year ending December, 1852, at the Agents', MR. +SKEFFINGTON, 192. Piccadilly. + +F. G. TOMLINS, Secretary. + + * * * * * + + +RALPH'S SERMON PAPER,--This approved Paper is particularly deserving the +notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring 5¾ +by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary use, +and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted for +expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5s. per +ream. Sample on application. + +ENVELOPE PAPER.--To identify the contents with the address and postmark, +important in all business communications; it admits of three clear pages +(each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and is +more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream. + +F. W. RALPH, Manufacturing Stationer, 36. Throgmorton Street, Bank. + + * * * * * + + +BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION, No. 1. Class X., +in Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, +may now be had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made +Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 +guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. +Ditto in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with +Chronometer Balance, Gold, 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket +Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully +examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and +4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. + +BENNETT, Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the +Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, 65. CHEAPSIDE. + + * * * * * + + +Foolscap 8vo. price 6s. + +THE PRACTICAL WORKING of THE CHURCH OF SPAIN. By the Rev. FREDERICK +MEYRICK, M.A., Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. + + "Pleasant meadows, happy peasants, all holy monks, all holy priests, + holy every body. Such charity and such unity, when every man was a + Catholic. I once believed in this Utopia myself, but when tested by + stern facts, it all melts away like dream."--_A. Welby Pugin._ + + "The revelations made by such writers as Mr. Meyrick in Spain and Mr. + Gladstone in Italy, have at least vindicated for the Church of England + a providential and morally defined position, mission, and purpose in + the Catholic Church."--_Morning Chronicle._ + + "Two valuable works ... to the truthfulness of which we are glad to add + our own testimony: one, and the most important, is Mr. Meyrick's + 'Practical Working of the Church of Spain.' This is the experience--and + it is the experience of every Spanish traveller--of a thoughtful + person, as to the lamentable results of unchecked Romanism. Here is the + solid substantial fact. Spain is divided between ultra-infidelity and + what is so closely akin to actual idolatry, that it can only be + controversially, not practically, distinguished from it: and over all + hangs a lurid cloud of systematic immorality, simply frightful to + contemplate. We can offer a direct, and even personal, testimony to all + that Mr. Meyrick has to say."--_Christian Remembrancer._ + + "I wish to recommend it strongly."--_T. K. Arnold's Theological + Critic._ + + "Many passing travellers have thrown more or less light upon the state + of Romanism and Christianity in Spain, according to their objects and + opportunities; but we suspect these 'workings' are the fullest, the + most natural, and the most trustworthy, of anything that has appeared + upon the subject since the time of Blanco White's + Confessions."--_Spectator._ + + "This honest exposition of the practical working of Romanism in Spain, + of its everyday effects, not its canons and theories, deserves the + careful study of all, who, unable to test the question abroad, are + dazzled by the distant mirage with which the Vatican mocks many a + yearning soul that thirsts after water-brooks pure and + full."--_Literary Gazette._ + +JOHN HENRY PARKER, Oxford; and 377. Strand, London. + + * * * * * + + +{55} + +TO PHOTOGRAPHERS.--MR. PHILIP DELAMOTTE begs to announce that he has now +made arrangements for printing Calotypes in large or small quantities, +either from Paper or Glass Negatives. Gentlemen who are desirous of having +good impressions of their works, may see specimens of Mr. Delamotte's +Printing at his own residence, 38. Chepstow Place, Bayswater, or at + +MR. GEORGE BELL'S, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, +Sanford's, and Canson Frères' make. Waxed-Paper for Le Grey's Process. +Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. + +Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. +Paternoster Row, London. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, price 1s., free by Post 1s. 4d., + +THE WAXED-PAPER PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESS of GUSTAVE LE GREY. New Edition. +Translated from the last Edition of the French. + +GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS., Foster Lane, London, + +Manufacturers of Photographic Apparatus and Materials, consisting of +Camera, Stands, Coating Boxes, Pressure Frames, Glass and Porcelain Dishes, +&c., and pure Photographic Chemicals, suited for practising the +Daguerreotype, Talbotype, Waxed-Paper, Albumen and Collodion Processes, +adapted to stand any Climate, and fitted for the Requirements of the +Tourist or Professional Artist. + +Sole Agents in the United Kingdom for VOIGHTLANDER & SON'S celebrated +Lenses for Portraits and Views. + +General Depôt for Turner's, Whatman's, Canson Frères', La Croix, and other +Talbotype Papers. + +Instructions and Specimens in every Branch of the Art. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--A New Work, giving Plain and Practical Directions for +obtaining both Positive and Negative Pictures upon Glass, by means of the +Collodion Process, and a method for Printing from the Negative Glasses, in +various colours, on to Paper. By T. H. HENNAH. Price 1s., or by Post, 1s. +6d. + + Published by DELATOUCHE & CO., Manufacturers of Pure Photographic + Chemicals, Apparatus, Prepared Papers, and every Article connected with + Photography on Paper or Glass. + + * * * * * + + +ROSS'S PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT AND LANDSCAPE LENSES.--These lenses give +correct definition at the centre and margin of the picture, and have their +visual and chemical acting foci coincident. + +_Great Exhibition Jurors' Report_, p. 274. + + "Mr. Ross prepares lenses for Portraiture having the greatest intensity + yet produced, by procuring the coincidence of the chemical actinic and + visual rays. The spherical aberration is also very carefully correct, + both in the central and oblique pencils." + + "Mr. Ross has exhibited the best Camera in the Exhibition. It is + furnished with a double achromatic object-lens, about three inches + aperture. There is no stop, the field is flat, and the image very + perfect up to the edge." + +A. R. invites those interested in the art to inspect the large Photographs +of Vienna, produced by his Lenses and Apparatus. + +Catalogues sent upon Application. + +A. ROSS, 2. Featherstone Buildings, High Holborn. + + * * * * * + + +VOLUME I. OF THE + +RE-ISSUE OF LIVES + +OF THE + +QUEENS OF ENGLAND, + +By AGNES STRICKLAND, + +Comprising all the recent Important Additions, PORTRAITS of all the QUEENS, +&c., + +IS PUBLISHED THIS DAY, + +To be completed in eight Monthly Volumes 8vo., price 10s. 6d. each, +handsomely bound. + +Published for HENRY COLBURN, by his successors, HURST & BLACKETT, 13. Great +Marlborough Street. + + * * * * * + + +Just published, 1 vol. 8vo., price 9s. + +ANCIENT IRISH MINSTRELSY, by REV. W. HAMILTON DRUMMOND, D.D., M.R.S.A. + +"A graceful addition to the lover of Ancient Minstrelsy, whether he be +Irishman or not. A man need not be English to enjoy the Chevy Chace, nor +Scotch to value the Border Minstrelsy. The extracts we have given from Dr. +Drummond's work, so full of force and beauty, will satisfy him, we trust, +he need not be Irish to enjoy the fruits of Dr. D.'s labours."--_The Dublin +Advocate._ + + Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street. London: SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & + CO., 4. Stationers' Hall Court. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions may +be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured +Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of +Photography in all its Branches. + +Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. + + BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument + Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHIC CHEMICALS of absolute Purity, especially prepared for this +Art, may be procured from R. W. THOMAS, Operative Chemist, 10. Pall Mall, +whose well-known Preparation of Xylo-Iodide of Silver is pronounced by the +most eminent scientific men of the day to excel every other Photographic +Compound in sensitiveness, and in the marvellous vigour uniformly preserved +in the middle tints of pictures produced by it. MR. R. W. THOMAS cautions +Photographers against unprincipled persons who (from the fact of Xyloidin +and Collodion being synonymous terms) would lead them to imagine that the +inferior compound sold by them at half the price is identical with his +preparation. In some cases, even the name of MR. T.'s Xylo-Iodide of Silver +has been assumed. In order to prevent such dishonourable practice, each +bottle sent from his Establishment is stamped with a red label bearing his +signature, to counterfeit which is felony. + +Prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS, Chemist, &c., 10. Pall Mall. + + * * * * * + + +PHOTOGRAPHY.--Collodion (Iodized with the Ammonio-Iodide of Silver).--J. B. +HOCKIN & CO., Chemists, 289. Strand, were the first in England who +published the application of this agent (see _Athenæum_, Aug. 14th). Their +Collodion (price 9d. per oz.) retains its extraordinary sensitiveness, +tenacity, and colour unimpaired for months: it may be exported to any +climate, and the Iodizing Compound mixed as required. J. B. HOCKIN & CO. +manufacture PURE CHEMICALS and all APPARATUS with the latest Improvements +adapted for all the Photographic and Daguerreotype processes. Cameras for +Developing in the open Country. GLASS BATHS adapted to any Camera. Lenses +from the best Makers. Waxed and Iodized Papers, &c. + + * * * * * + + +THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for JANUARY 1853, which is the First Number of a +New Volume, contains the following articles:-- + + 1. King Charles I. in the Isle of Wight. + + 2. Original Letters of Benjamin Franklin. + + 3. Farinelli and Pompadour. + + 4. Henry Newcome, the Manchester Puritan. + + 5. A Journey to Paris in 1736. + + 6. The Cloister Life of Charles V. + + 7. The Hill Intrenchments on the Borders of Wales, by T. Wright, F.S.A. + (with Engravings). + + 8. Report of the Cambridge University Commission. + + 9. Correspondence of Sylvanus Urban:--1. Pictures of the Immaculate + Conception. 2. The Relic of St. Mary Axe. 3. Harley Church, Salop. 4. + Etymology of the word Many. + +With Notes of the Month, Reviews of New Publications, Historical Chronicle, +and OBITUARY, including Memoirs of the Earl of Shrewsbury, Countess of +Lovelace, Sir J. J. Guest, Miss Berry, Professor Empson, Mr. Serjeant +Halcomb, &c. &c. + +A Specimen Number sent on the receipt of 2s. 6d. in Postage Stamps. + +NICOLS & SON, 25. Parliament Street. + + * * * * * + + +VALUABLE BOOKS, CHEAP.--1. Kramer's Strabo, 3 vols. 8vo., best ed., +1844-52. 25s. 2. Adelung's Mithridates, 4 vols. 8vo., 1806-17, 25s. 3. +Sismondi, Histoire des Français, 18 vols. 8vo., complete, 1847-49, 3l. 3s. +4. Carr's Glossary of the Craven Dialect in Yorkshire, 2 vols. 8vo., 1828, +cloth, 9s. 5. Goethe's Werke, 55 vols. in 27, 18mo., Stuttgart, 1828, 2l. +10s. 6. Oliphant's Musa Madrigalesca, a collection of Madrigals, Ballets, +of the Elizabethan Age, 8vo., 1837, cloth, 5s. 7. Müller's Ancient Art and +its Remains, a Manual of the Archæology of Art, best edition, 8vo., 1852 +(published at 18s.), cloth, 10s. 8. Ulphila's Gothic Text, with Grammar and +Vocabulary, 2 vols. in 1, royal 8vo., Passau, 1849, hf.-morocco, 8s. 6d. 9. +Rask's Anglo-Saxon Grammar, 8vo., 1830, hlf.-calf, 10s. 10. Müller, +Collectanea Anglo-Saxonica, cum Vocabulario, 12mo., 1835, hf. bound, 3s. +6d. 11. Poèmes des Bardes Bretons du VI. S. in Breton and French, by +Villemarqué, 8vo., 1850, 448 pp. 9s. 12. Fables de Lokman, par Cherbonneau, +in Arabic, and Two French translations, with the pronunciation, 12mo., +1846, 3s. 13. Armorial Universel par Curmer, 2 vols. impl. 8vo., 1844-48, +numerous Coats of Arms, some emblazoned, 25s. 14. Legonidec, Dictionnare +Celto-Breton et Français, 2 vols. 4to., best edition, complete, with the +Grammar, St. Brieux, 1847-50, sd. 32s. 15. Tesoro de los Romanceros y +Cancioneros Espanoles, 4to., Barcelona, 1840, sd. 9s. + +Sold by BERNARD QUARITCH, 16. Castle Street, Leicester Square. + +*** B. QUARITCH'S Catalogue of Oriental Books and Manuscripts, comprising +the valuable libraries of the Rev. W. Morton of Calcutta, and of the late +Earl Mount Norris of Arley Castle, Staffs., is just published, and may be +had Gratis. + + * * * * * + + +KERR & STRANG, Perfumers and Wig-Makers, 124. Leadenhall Street, London, +respectfully inform the Nobility and Public that they have invented and +brought to the greatest perfection the following leading articles, besides +numerous others:--Their Ventilating Natural Curl; Ladies and Gentlemen's +PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as +to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; +Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands à la Reine, &c.; also +their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for +all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint +common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly +harmless. Any lady or gentleman, sceptical of its effects in dyeing any +shade of colour, can have it applied, free of any charge, at KERR & +STRANG'S, 124. Leadenhall Street. + +Sold in Cases at 7s. 6d., 15s., and 20s. Samples, 3s. 6d., sent to all +parts on receipt of Post-office Order or Stamps. + + * * * * * + + +{56} + +Now ready, in Seven Volumes, medium 4to., cloth, pp. 4,167, Price Fourteen +Guineas, + +THE ANNALS OF IRELAND; + + From the Original of the Four Masters, from the earliest Historic + Period to the Conclusion in 1616; consisting of the Irish Text from the + Original MSS., and an English Translation, with copious Explanatory + Notes, an Index of Names, and an Index of Places, by JOHN O'DONOVAN, + Esq., LL.D., Barrister at Law; Professor of the Celtic Language, + Queen's College, Belfast. + +_Extract from the_ DUBLIN REVIEW. + + "We can but hope, within the limited space at our disposal, to render a + scanty and imperfect measure of justice to a work of such vast extent + and varied erudition.... We would beg the reader, if he be disposed to + doubt our opinion, to examine almost every single page out of the four + thousand of which the work consists, in order that he may learn the + true nature and extent of Mr. O'Donovan's editorial labours. Let him + see the numberless minute verbal criticisms; the elaborate + topographical annotations with which each page is loaded; the + historical, genealogical, and biographical notices; the lucid and + ingenious illustrations, drawn from the ancient laws, customs, + traditions and institutions of Ireland; the parallelisms and + discrepancies of the narrative with that of other annalists, both + native and foreign; the countless authorities which are examined and + adjusted; the errors which are corrected; the omissions and + deficiencies supplied; in a word, the curious and various learning + which is everywhere displayed. Let him remember the mines from which + all those treasures have been drawn are, for the most part, unexplored; + that the materials thus laudably applied to the illustration of the + text are in great part manuscripts which Ussher and Ware, even Waddy + and Colgen, not to speak of Lynch and Lanigan, had never seen, or left + unexamined; many of them in a language which is to a great extent + obsolete." + +A Prospectus of the Work will be forwarded gratis to any application made +to the Publishers. + +Dublin: HODGES & SMITH, Grafton Street, Booksellers to the University. + +London: LONGMAN & Co.; and SIMPKIN, MARSHALL, & Co. + + * * * * * + + +125. _Fleet Street, London_, Jan. 1. 1853. + +_One Hundred Days' Sale of Books and other Property._ + +MR. L.A. LEWIS, Auctioneer of Literary Property (Established 1825, without +change of name or firm), will have SALES by AUCTION of LIBRARIES, SMALL +PARCELS of BOOKS, EARLY DUPLICATES of CIRCULATING LIBRARIES, EDITOR'S +BOOKS, PRINTS, PICTURES, and MISCELLANEOUS EFFECTS every Week throughout +the present year, on the under-named days. Property sent in not later than +the previous Friday will be certain to be sold (if required) in the +following week. + + On FRIDAY, 7th, and SATURDAY, 8th of January. + On FRIDAY, 14th, and SATURDAY, 15th of January. + On FRIDAY, 21st, and SATURDAY, 22nd of January. + On THURSDAY, 27th, FRIDAY, 28th, and SATURDAY, 29th of January. + On SATURDAY, 5th of February. + On FRIDAY, 11th, and SATURDAY, 12th of February. + On FRIDAY, 18th, and SATURDAY, 19th of February. + On FRIDAY, 25th, and SATURDAY, 26th of February. + On THURSDAY, 3rd, FRIDAY, 4th, and SATURDAY, 5th of March. + On SATURDAY, 12th of March. + On FRIDAY, 18th, and SATURDAY, 19th of March. + On SATURDAY, 26th of March. + On FRIDAY, 1st, and SATURDAY, 2nd of April. + On THURSDAY, 7th, FRIDAY, 8th, and SATURDAY, 9th of April. + On SATURDAY, 16th of April. + On FRIDAY, 22nd, and SATURDAY, 23rd of April. + On FRIDAY, 29th, and SATURDAY, 30th of April. + On FRIDAY, 6th, and SATURDAY, 7th of May. + On THURSDAY, 12th, FRIDAY, 13th, and SATURDAY, 14th of May. + On SATURDAY, 21st of May. + On FRIDAY, 27th, and SATURDAY, 28th of May. + On FRIDAY, 3rd, and SATURDAY, 4th of June. + On FRIDAY, 10th, and SATURDAY, 11th of June. + On THURSDAY, 16th, FRIDAY, 17th, and SATURDAY, 18th of June. + On SATURDAY, 25th of June. + On FRIDAY, 1st, and SATURDAY, 2nd of July. + On FRIDAY, 8th, and SATURDAY, 9th of July. + On FRIDAY, 15th, and SATURDAY, 16th of July. + On THURSDAY, 21st, FRIDAY, 22nd, and SATURDAY, 23rd of July. + On SATURDAY, 30th of July. + On THURSDAY, 4th, FRIDAY, 5th, and SATURDAY, 6th of August. + on FRIDAY, 12th, and SATURDAY, 13th of August. + On FRIDAY, 19th, and SATURDAY, 20th of August. + On FRIDAY, 26th, and SATURDAY, 27th of August. + On SATURDAY, 3rd of September. + On FRIDAY, 9th, and SATURDAY, 10th of September. + On FRIDAY, 16th, and SATURDAY, 17th of September. + On FRIDAY, 23rd, and SATURDAY, 24th of September. + On FRIDAY, 30th of September, and SATURDAY, 1st of October. + On SATURDAY, 8th of October. + On FRIDAY, 14th, and SATURDAY, 15th of October. + On FRIDAY, 21st, and SATURDAY, 22nd of October. + On FRIDAY, 28th, and SATURDAY, 29th of October. + On FRIDAY, 4th, and SATURDAY, 5th of November. + On SATURDAY, 12th of November. + On FRIDAY, 18th, and SATURDAY, 19th of November. + On FRIDAY, 25th, and SATURDAY, 26th of November. + On FRIDAY, 2nd, and SATURDAY, 3rd of December. + On FRIDAY, 9th, and SATURDAY, 10th of December. + On SATURDAY, 17th of December. + On FRIDAY, 23rd, and SATURDAY, 24th of December. + On FRIDAY, 30th, and SATURDAY, 31st of December. + +MR. L. A. LEWIS will also have occasional Sales of Printing and +Book-binding Materials, Household Furniture, and General Effects. + + * * * * * + + +CLASSICAL EDUCATION IN FRANCE.--A married gentleman, of literary habits, a +graduate and repeated prizeman of Cambridge, who has resided many years in +France, receives into his family THREE PUPILS, to whom with his own younger +son he devotes the whole of his time. There are now vacancies: terms, +including masters for French, German, and Drawing, 100 guineas per annum. + +Address H. I. D., at MR. BELL'S, 186. Fleet Street. + + * * * * * + + +TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS. + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE. + +(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. LINDLEY) + +Of Saturday, January 1, contains Articles on + + Agriculture, progress of + Aphelexis + Apple, golden pippin + Birds, destructive, by Messrs. Hardy + Calendar, Horticultural + Carrots, cattle + Cement for stoneware + Chicory, to roast + College, Cirencester, sessional examination at + Drains, stoppage of, by Mr. Sherrard + Eau de lessive + Emigrant, the, Rev. + Fairclough's (Mr.) farm + Farm valuation, by Mr. Morton + Farming, the year's experience in, by the Rev. L. Vernon Harcourt + Flowers, florist, by Mr. Edwards + Fruits, Syrian + Gardenia Fortuni + Gift Hall farm, cheese-making at + Grapes, Red Hamburgh, by Mr. Thompson + Hort. Society's Garden + Land question + Lanktree's Elements of Land Valuation, Rev. + Larch, durability of, by Mr. Patterson + Melons in St. Michael's, by Mr. Wallace + Mildew + Mushrooms, by Mr. Massey + Nuts, cedar + Plough, drain + Poultry + Primula sinensis + Rabbits, rearing of + Reptiles, temperature of, by M. Aug. Duméril + Reviews, miscellaneous + Roots, curious instances of formation of, by Mr. Booth (with engraving) + Societies, Proceedings of the Caledonian; Horticultural; Fylde + Agricultural + St. Michael's, melons in, by Mr. Wallace + Statistics, agricultural, by Dr. Mackenzie + Tanks, water + Tree-lifter, McGlashen's + Turnips, Lois Weedon + ---- at Kettering + Wardian cases + Wind gauge. + +THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE and AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE contains, in addition to +the above, the Covent Garden, Mark Lane, Smithfield, and Liverpool prices, +with returns from the Potato, Hop, Hay, Coal, Timber, Bark, Wool, and Seed +Markets, and a _complete Newspaper, with a condensed account of all the +transactions of the week_. + +ORDER of any Newsvender. OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington +Street, Covent Garden, London. + + * * * * * + + +Printed by THOMAS CLARK SHAW, of No. 8. New Street Square, at No. 5. New +Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of London; and +published by GEORGE BELL, of No. 186. Fleet Street, in the Parish of St. +Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet +Street aforesaid.--Saturday, January 8. 1853. + + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 167, January +8, 1853, by Various + +*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42782 *** |