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diff --git a/42784-8.txt b/42784-0.txt index 7d02045..8128208 100644 --- a/42784-8.txt +++ b/42784-0.txt @@ -1,40 +1,4 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 169, January 22, -1853, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 169, January 22, 1853 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42784] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - +*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42784 *** Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they are indicated by footnotes to the relevant item. @@ -291,13 +255,13 @@ that its importation into our language was subsequent to the Restoration of Charles II., A.D. 1660. There is a corresponding term in French, _blague_, which, like our English adaptation, is not admissible in good society. It is defined by Bescherelles, in his great _Dictionnaire National_, to mean -"fanfaronnade, hâblerie, mensonge; bourde, gasconade:" and to {79} be "un -mot populaire et bas, dont les personnes bien élevées évitent de se +"fanfaronnade, hâblerie, mensonge; bourde, gasconade:" and to {79} be "un +mot populaire et bas, dont les personnes bien élevées évitent de se servir." From _blague_ comes the verb _blaguer_, which the same authority says means "dire des blagues; mentir pour le plaisir de mentir." And from _blaguer_ comes the substantive _blagueur_, which is, I apprehend, the original of our English word _blackguard_. It is described by Bescherelles -as a "diseur de sornettes et de faussetées; hâbleur, fanfaron. Un +as a "diseur de sornettes et de faussetées; hâbleur, fanfaron. Un _blagueur_ est un menteur, mais un menteur qui a moins pour but de tromper que de se faire valoir." @@ -306,7 +270,7 @@ offensive import than the French: and the latter being rarely to be found amongst educated persons, or in dictionaries, it may have escaped the etymologists who were in search of a congener for its English derivative. Its pedigree is, however, to be sought in philological rather than -archæological records. Within the last two centuries, a number of words of +archæological records. Within the last two centuries, a number of words of honest origin have passed into an opprobrious sense; for example, the oppressed tenants of Ireland are spoken of by SPENSER and SIR JOHN DAVIES as "_villains_." In our version of the Scriptures, "_cunning_" implies @@ -337,8 +301,8 @@ prophecy in his possession. The worthy Sieur is describing the meeting of Louis X. and our Henry II. near Picquini, where the Chancellor of England commenced his harangue by alluding to an ancient prophecy which predicted that the Plain of Picquini should be the scene of a memorable and lasting -peace between the two nations. "The Bishop," says Commines, "commença par -une prophétie, dont," adds he, _en parenthèse_, "les Anglois ne sont jamais +peace between the two nations. "The Bishop," says Commines, "commença par +une prophétie, dont," adds he, _en parenthèse_, "les Anglois ne sont jamais despourveus."[1] Even at this early period, we had thus acquired a reputation for prophecies, and it must be confessed that our chronicles abound in passages which illustrate the justice of the Sieur's sarcasm. @@ -449,7 +413,7 @@ paper. T. STERNBERG. -[Footnote 1: _Mémoires_, p. 155.: Paris, 1649.] +[Footnote 1: _Mémoires_, p. 155.: Paris, 1649.] [Footnote 2: _Defensative against the Poyson of supposed Prophecies_, p. 116.] @@ -480,16 +444,16 @@ pseudesthai douloprepes k.t.l.]"? Essay II. p. 4. "You shall read in _some_ of the friars' books," &c. Where? Ditto, ditto. "Pompa magis," &c. Does Bacon quote this from memory, -referring to "Tolle istam pompam, sub quâ lates, et stultos territas"? (Ep. +referring to "Tolle istam pompam, sub quâ lates, et stultos territas"? (Ep. XXIV. vol. ii. p. 92.: ed. Elzev. 1672.) Ditto, p. 5. "We read," &c. Tac. _Hist._, ii. 49. "Quidam milites juxta -rogum interfecere se, non noxâ neque ob metum, sed æmulatione decoris et +rogum interfecere se, non noxâ neque ob metum, sed æmulatione decoris et caritate principis." Cf. Sueton. _Vit. Oth._, 12. Ditto, ditto. "Cogita quamdiu," &c. Whence is this? -Ditto, ditto. "Augustus Cæsar died," &c. Suet. _Vit. Octav._, 99. +Ditto, ditto. "Augustus Cæsar died," &c. Suet. _Vit. Octav._, 99. Ditto, ditto. "Tiberius in dissimulation." Tac. _Ann._, vi. 50. @@ -521,9 +485,9 @@ vol. i. p. 578. (Lugd. Bat. 1671.) Ditto, ditto, (note _f_). "The poet." Ovid, _Ar. Am._, i. 655. Essay V. ditto. "Bona rerum secundarum," &c. Does Bacon allude to Seneca -(Ep. lxvi. p. 238., _ut sup._), where, after stating that "In æquo est -moderatè gaudere, et moderatè dolere;" he adds, "Illa bona optabilia sunt, -hæc mirabilia"? +(Ep. lxvi. p. 238., _ut sup._), where, after stating that "In æquo est +moderatè gaudere, et moderatè dolere;" he adds, "Illa bona optabilia sunt, +hæc mirabilia"? Ditto, ditto. "Vere magnum habere," &c. Whence is this? @@ -546,8 +510,8 @@ proverb? Essay VII. p. 19. "The precept, 'Optimum elige,' &c." Whence? though I am ashamed to ask. -Essay VIII. p. 20. "The generals." See Æsch. _Persæ_, 404. (Dindf.), and -Blomfield _in loc._ (v. 411. ed. suæ). +Essay VIII. p. 20. "The generals." See Æsch. _Persæ_, 404. (Dindf.), and +Blomfield _in loc._ (v. 411. ed. suæ). Ditto, ditto. "It was said of Ulysses," &c. By whom? Compare _Od._, v. 218. @@ -629,7 +593,7 @@ than in the neighbourhood of Citta Vecchia, where for some distance the ground is dotted with tombs which have already been opened. Here, in ancient times, was the site of a burial-place, but for what -people, or at what age, is now unknown; and here it is that archæologists +people, or at what age, is now unknown; and here it is that archæologists should commence their labours, that in the result they may not be disappointed. In some of the tombs which have been recently entered in this vicinity, fragments of linen cloth have been seen, in which bodies were @@ -664,9 +628,9 @@ left in peace. We might also make mention, more at length, of a tomb which was found at the point Beni Isa in 1761, having on its face a Phoenician inscription, which Sir William Drummond thus translates: - "The interior room of the tomb of Ænnibal, illustrious in the + "The interior room of the tomb of Ænnibal, illustrious in the consummation of calamity. He was beloved. The people, when they are - drawn up in order of battle, weep for Ænnibal the son of Bar Malek." + drawn up in order of battle, weep for Ænnibal the son of Bar Malek." Sir Grenville Temple remarks, that the great Carthaginian general is supposed, by the Maltese, to have been a native of their island, and one of @@ -693,13 +657,13 @@ History of the Belgian war (a work which deserves to be better known and appreciated than it is at present), there occurs a passage which shows that, about three hundred years since, Waterloo was the scene of a severe engagement; so that the late sanguinary struggle was not the first this -battle-ground has to boast of. The passage occurs in _Famianæ Stradæ de -Bello Belgico, Decas prima_, lib. vi. p. 256., edit. Romæ, 1653; where, +battle-ground has to boast of. The passage occurs in _Famianæ Stradæ de +Bello Belgico, Decas prima_, lib. vi. p. 256., edit. Romæ, 1653; where, after describing a scheme on the part of the insurgents for surprising Lille, and its discovery by the Royalists, he goes on: "Et Rassinghemius de Armerteriensi milite inaudierat: nihilqve moratvs - selectis centvmqvinqvaginta peditibvs et equitibus sclopetariis fermè + selectis centvmqvinqvaginta peditibvs et equitibus sclopetariis fermè qvinqveginta prope _Waterlocvm_ pagvm pvgnam committit." What makes this more curious is, that, like the later battle, neither of @@ -738,7 +702,7 @@ to be "the dark-coloured stone or marble, anciently used for tombstones. A musical sound" (it is added) "may be produced by touching it sharply with a stick." And this is in fact the reason for its name. The author of the _Glossary of Architecture_ cites _Ben Jonson_ by Gifford, viii. 251., and -_Archæol._, xvi. 84. +_Archæol._, xvi. 84. ALPHAGE. @@ -769,7 +733,7 @@ CLARENCE HOPPER. _Francis I._--Mention has been made in "N. & Q." of Francis I.'s celebrated "Tout est perdu hormis l'honneur!" but the beauty of that phrase is lost in its real position,--a long letter to Louisa of Savoy, his mother. The -letter is given at full length in Sismondi's _Histoire des Français_. +letter is given at full length in Sismondi's _Histoire des Français_. M--A L. @@ -1091,7 +1055,7 @@ armorial bearings? His name appears in the list of members given in page 1821. Is the baronetcy extinct? If so, who was the last baronet, and in what year? Where he lived, or any other particulars, will much oblige. -QUÆRO. +QUÆRO. _Sir Kenelm Digby._--Why is Sir Kenelm Digby represented, I believe always, with a sun-flower by his side? @@ -1465,7 +1429,7 @@ rings to be blessed, on each side of her. The second ceremony is entitled, evill;" and has its illumination of Mary kneeling and placing her hands upon the neck of the diseased person, who is presented to her by the clerk; while the chaplain, in alb and stole, kneels on the other side. The MS. was -exhibited at a meeting of the Archæological Institute on 6th June, 1851. +exhibited at a meeting of the Archæological Institute on 6th June, 1851. Hearne, in one of his manuscript diaries in the Bodleian, lv. 190., mentions having seen certain prayers to be used by Queen Mary at the blessing of cramp rings. May not this be the identical MS. alluded to? @@ -1557,18 +1521,18 @@ the conversation between Gurth and Wamba, _Ivanhoe_, chap. i., when a friend promised to supply me with some additional and fuller information. I copy from a MS. note that he has placed in my hands: - "Nec quidem temerè contigisse puto quod animalia viva nominibus - Germanicæ originis vocemus, quorum tamen carnem in cibum paratam - originis Gallicæ nominibus appellamus; puta,--bovem, vaccam, vitulum, + "Nec quidem temerè contigisse puto quod animalia viva nominibus + Germanicæ originis vocemus, quorum tamen carnem in cibum paratam + originis Gallicæ nominibus appellamus; puta,--bovem, vaccam, vitulum, ovem, porcum, aprum, feram, etc. (an ox, a cow, a calf, a sheep, a hog, a boar, a deer, &c.); sed carnem bubulam, vitulinam, ovinam, porcinam, aprugnam, ferinam, etc. (beef, veal, mutton, pork, brawn, venison, &c.) Sed hinc id ortum putaverim, quod Normanni milites pascuis, caulis, haris, locisque quibus vivorum animalium cura agebatur, parcius se - immiscuerint[8] (quæ itaque antiqua nomina retinuerunt) quam macellis, + immiscuerint[8] (quæ itaque antiqua nomina retinuerunt) quam macellis, culinis, mensis, epulis, ubi vel parabantur vel habebantur cibi, qui itaque nova nomina ab illis sunt adepti."--Preface to Dr. Wallis's - _Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ_, 1653, quoted by Winning, _Comparative + _Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ_, 1653, quoted by Winning, _Comparative Philology_, p. 270. C. FORBES. @@ -1644,7 +1608,7 @@ shall find the lion's head erased, and Britannia, denoting the alteration of the standard during the latter period. The standard of gold, when first introduced into the coinage, was of 24 -carats fine; that is, pure gold. Subsequently, it was 23½ and half alloy; +carats fine; that is, pure gold. Subsequently, it was 23½ and half alloy; this, after an occasional debasement by Henry VIII., was fixed at 22 carats fine and 2 carats alloy by Charles I.; and still continues so, being {91} called the old standard. In 1798 an act was passed allowing gold articles @@ -1725,7 +1689,7 @@ W. CHAFFERS, Jun. Old Bond Street. The table inquired for by MR. LIVETT, with a most interesting historical -paper on the subject, was published in the last _Archæological Journal_, +paper on the subject, was published in the last _Archæological Journal_, October, 1852. H. T. ELLACOMBE. @@ -1964,7 +1928,7 @@ regard quantities and the number of chemicals employed. They are as follow: 30 " of cyanide. 20 " of fluoride. 10 " of chloride of sodium in crystals. - 1½ " of resublimed iodine. + 1½ " of resublimed iodine. "The above are dissolved in thirty-five ounces of the strained liquid, and, after filtration through white bibulous paper, the resulting fluid should @@ -1984,7 +1948,7 @@ process, {94} the paper be not exposed to the direct rays of the sun. "The 'iodized paper,' which will keep for almost any length of time, should be placed in a portfolio, great care being taken to lay it perfectly flat, otherwise the wax is liable to crack, and thus spoil the beauty of the -negative. The papers manufactured by Canson Frères and Lacroix are far +negative. The papers manufactured by Canson Frères and Lacroix are far preferable, for this process, to any of the English kinds, being much thinner and of a very even texture. @@ -2114,7 +2078,7 @@ December 22, 1661. The anecdote was first related by Granger. (Chalmers's _Biog. Dict._, vol. xvii. p. 7.) Bishop Bull, while rector of St. George's near Bristol, said the Baptismal -Office by heart on one occasion. (Nelson's _Life_, i. § ix. p. 34.; +Office by heart on one occasion. (Nelson's _Life_, i. § ix. p. 34.; _Works_, Oxford, 1827.) MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. @@ -2206,7 +2170,7 @@ Capitolinus_. But this can scarcely be true, for Martial informs us that in his own time the statue of the Capitoline Jupiter was not of bronze but of _gold_. - "Scriptus et æterno nunc primum Jupiter _auro_." + "Scriptus et æterno nunc primum Jupiter _auro_." Lib. xi. Ep. iv. Undoubtedly the statue was cast for a St. Peter. It was cast in the time of @@ -2246,7 +2210,7 @@ preserving: "IN ALTERUM. "Promittit, promissa negat, ploratque negata, - Hæc tria si junges, quis neget esse Petrum." + Hæc tria si junges, quis neget esse Petrum." A. BORDERER. @@ -2267,24 +2231,24 @@ signs on shields, which we call arms, and of the supporter or handle of the shield, which till then had been suspended by straps from the neck, as well as of the tuft of feathers or horse-hair on the helmet, to the Carians; in which Strabo agrees with him, and, as far as regards the supporters and -crest, Ælian also: +crest, Ælian also: - "Herodot schrieb den ersten Gebrauch, oder wie er sich ausdrückt, die + "Herodot schrieb den ersten Gebrauch, oder wie er sich ausdrückt, die Erfindung der Zeichen auf Schilden, die wir Wappen nennen, wie auch der Halter oder Handhaben an den Schilden, die bis dahin nur an Riemen um - den Nacken getragen wurden, und die Büsche von Federn oder Rosshaaren - auf den Helmen, den Cariern zu, worin ihm Strabo (_Geogr._ 14. I. § - 27.), und was die Handhaben und Helmbüsche betrifft, auch Ælian (_Hist. + den Nacken getragen wurden, und die Büsche von Federn oder Rosshaaren + auf den Helmen, den Cariern zu, worin ihm Strabo (_Geogr._ 14. I. § + 27.), und was die Handhaben und Helmbüsche betrifft, auch Ælian (_Hist. Animal._ 12. 30.), beistimmen."--Bernd's _Wappenwissen der Griechen und - Römer_, p. 4. Bonn, 1841. + Römer_, p. 4. Bonn, 1841. On Thucydides i. 8., where mention is made of Carians disinterred by the Athenians in the island of Delos, the scholiast, evidently referring to the passage cited by MR. BOOKER, says: - [Greek: Kares prôtoi heuron tous omphalous tôn aspidôn, kai tous - lophous. tois oun apothnêskousi sunethapton aspidiskion mikron kai - lophon, sêmeion tês heureseôs.] + [Greek: Kares prôtoi heuron tous omphalous tôn aspidôn, kai tous + lophous. tois oun apothnêskousi sunethapton aspidiskion mikron kai + lophon, sêmeion tês heureseôs.] From Plutarch's _Artaxerxes_ (10.) may be inferred, that the Carian standard was a cock; for the king presented the Carian who slew Cyrus with @@ -2349,7 +2313,7 @@ date, which fixes beyond a question the age of the picture: "Hier moet men gissen Glasen te wasser Daer in te pissen - En soú niet passen. + En soú niet passen. 1659." I may also mention, that the floor of the chamber represented in the @@ -2477,7 +2441,7 @@ MASSINGER'S PLAYS, by GIFFORD. Vol. IV. 8vo. Second Edition. 1813. SPECTATOR. Vols. V. and VII. 12mo. London, 1753. -COSTERUS (FRANÇOIS) CINQUANTE MEDITATIONS DE TOUTE L'HISTOIRE DE LA PASSION +COSTERUS (FRANÇOIS) CINQUANTE MEDITATIONS DE TOUTE L'HISTOIRE DE LA PASSION DE NOSTRE SEIGNEUR. 8vo. Anvers, Christ. Plantin. THE WORLD WITHOUT A SUN. @@ -2652,7 +2616,7 @@ the Prospectus. Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in three-fourths of the Profits:-- - Age £ s. d. + Age £ s. d. 17 1 14 4 22 1 18 8 27 2 4 5 @@ -2740,7 +2704,7 @@ Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, -Sanford's, and Canson Frères make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. +Sanford's, and Canson Frères make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. @@ -2755,7 +2719,7 @@ brought to the greatest perfection the following leading articles, besides numerous others:--Their Ventilating Natural Curl; Ladies and Gentlemen's PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; -Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands à la Reine, &c.; also +Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands à la Reine, &c.; also their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly @@ -2770,7 +2734,7 @@ parts on receipt of Post-office Order or Stamps. LOST.--Two Water-coloured Drawings by MR. DELAMOTTE [engraved in 2nd volume -of "Journal of Archæological Institute"] of distemper Paintings in Stanton +of "Journal of Archæological Institute"] of distemper Paintings in Stanton Harcourt Church. Any person having them, is requested to return them to their owner, MR. DYKE, Jesus College, Oxford. @@ -2818,11 +2782,11 @@ processes, Superior Iodized Collodion, known by the name of Collodio-iodide or Xylo-iodide of Silver, 9d. per oz. Pyro-gallic Acid, 4s. per drachm. Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, 8d. per oz. Crystallizable and perfectly pure, on which the success of the Calo-typist so much depends, -1s. per oz. Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; La +1s. per oz. Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; La Croix, 3s.; Turner, 3s. Whatman's Negative and Positive, 3s. per quire. Iodized Waxed Paper, 10s. 6d. per quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the Camera, and warranted to keep from fourteen to twenty days, with directions -for use, 11×9, 9s. per doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz. +for use, 11×9, 9s. per doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz. GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents for Voightlander & Sons' celebrated Lenses), Foster Lane, London. @@ -2836,7 +2800,7 @@ PURE CHEMICALS for the above Processes supplied at the following prices, by JOHN J. GRIFFIN & CO., 53. Baker Street, Portman Square.--Superior Iodized Collodion, in bottles at 2s. 6d.; Pyrogallic Acid, 4s. per drachm; Pure Crystallizable Acetic Acid, 8d. per oz.; Iodide of Potassium, 1s. 6d. per -oz.; Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive Ditto, 4s. per quire. +oz.; Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive Ditto, 4s. per quire. Bromine, 8s. 6d. per oz.; Iodine, 2s. 6d. per oz.; Charcoal, 1s. per bottle; Rouge, 1s. per oz.; Tripoli, finely prepared, 6d. per oz. @@ -2919,7 +2883,7 @@ Lane, London. RALPH'S SERMON PAPER.--This approved Paper is particularly deserving the -notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring 5¾ +notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring 5¾ by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary use; and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted for expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5s. per @@ -2927,7 +2891,7 @@ ream. Sample on application. ENVELOPE PAPER.--To identify the contents with the address and postmark, important in all business communications; it admits of three clear pages -(each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and is +(each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and is more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream. F. W. RALPH, Manufacturing Stationer, 36. Throgmorton Street, Bank. @@ -3128,7 +3092,7 @@ ARCHITECTURE. The Fifth Edition enlarged, exemplified by 1700 Woodcuts. comparison with English work, of the same periods. "In the present Edition, considerably more attention has been given to - the subject of Mediæval Carpentry, the number of Illustrations of 'Open + the subject of Mediæval Carpentry, the number of Illustrations of 'Open Timber Roofs' has been much increased, and most of the Carpenter's terms in use at the period have been introduced with authorities."--_Preface to the Fifth Edition._ @@ -3152,363 +3116,4 @@ Street aforesaid.--Saturday, January 22. 1853. End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 169, January 22, 1853, by Various -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - -***** This file should be named 42784-8.txt or 42784-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/7/8/42784/ - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 169, January 22, 1853 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42784] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - - - -</pre> +<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 42784 ***</div> <table border="0" cellpadding="10" style="background-color: #ccccff;"> <tr> @@ -409,15 +366,15 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> corresponding term in French, <i>blague</i>, which, like our English adaptation, is not admissible in good society. It is defined by Bescherelles, in his great <i>Dictionnaire National</i>, to mean - "fanfaronnade, hâblerie, mensonge; bourde, gasconade:" and to <!-- Page + "fanfaronnade, hâblerie, mensonge; bourde, gasconade:" and to <!-- Page 79 --><span class="pagenum" title="080.png"><a name="page79"></a>{79}</span>be "un mot populaire et bas, dont les - personnes bien élevées évitent de se servir." From <i>blague</i> comes + personnes bien élevées évitent de se servir." From <i>blague</i> comes the verb <i>blaguer</i>, which the same authority says means "dire des blagues; mentir pour le plaisir de mentir." And from <i>blaguer</i> comes the substantive <i>blagueur</i>, which is, I apprehend, the original of our English word <i>blackguard</i>. It is described by Bescherelles as a - "diseur de sornettes et de faussetées; hâbleur, fanfaron. Un + "diseur de sornettes et de faussetées; hâbleur, fanfaron. Un <i>blagueur</i> est un menteur, mais un menteur qui a moins pour but de tromper que de se faire valoir."</p> @@ -426,7 +383,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> amongst educated persons, or in dictionaries, it may have escaped the etymologists who were in search of a congener for its English derivative. Its pedigree is, however, to be sought in philological rather than - archæological records. Within the last two centuries, a number of words + archæological records. Within the last two centuries, a number of words of honest origin have passed into an opprobrious sense; for example, the oppressed tenants of Ireland are spoken of by <span class="sc">Spenser</span> and <span class="sc">Sir John Davies</span> as @@ -465,8 +422,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> of England commenced his harangue by alluding to an ancient prophecy which predicted that the Plain of Picquini should be the scene of a memorable and lasting peace between the two nations. "The Bishop," says - Commines, "commença par une prophétie, dont," adds he, <i>en - parenthèse</i>, "les Anglois ne sont jamais despourveus."<a + Commines, "commença par une prophétie, dont," adds he, <i>en + parenthèse</i>, "les Anglois ne sont jamais despourveus."<a name="footnotetag1" href="#footnote1"><sup>[1]</sup></a> Even at this early period, we had thus acquired a reputation for prophecies, and it must be confessed that our chronicles abound in passages which illustrate @@ -607,7 +564,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="note"> <a name="footnote1"></a><b>Footnote 1:</b><a href="#footnotetag1">(return)</a> - <p><i>Mémoires</i>, p. 155.: Paris, 1649.</p> + <p><i>Mémoires</i>, p. 155.: Paris, 1649.</p> <a name="footnote2"></a><b>Footnote 2:</b><a href="#footnotetag2">(return)</a> @@ -651,17 +608,17 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> &c. Where?</p> <p>Ditto, ditto. "Pompa magis," &c. Does Bacon quote this from - memory, referring to "Tolle istam pompam, sub quâ lates, et stultos + memory, referring to "Tolle istam pompam, sub quâ lates, et stultos territas"? (Ep. XXIV. vol. ii. p. 92.: ed. Elzev. 1672.)</p> <p>Ditto, p. 5. "We read," &c. Tac. <i>Hist.</i>, ii. 49. "Quidam - milites juxta rogum interfecere se, non noxâ neque ob metum, sed - æmulatione decoris et caritate principis." Cf. Sueton. <i>Vit. Oth.</i>, + milites juxta rogum interfecere se, non noxâ neque ob metum, sed + æmulatione decoris et caritate principis." Cf. Sueton. <i>Vit. Oth.</i>, 12.</p> <p>Ditto, ditto. "Cogita quamdiu," &c. Whence is this?</p> - <p>Ditto, ditto. "Augustus Cæsar died," &c. Suet. <i>Vit. Octav.</i>, + <p>Ditto, ditto. "Augustus Cæsar died," &c. Suet. <i>Vit. Octav.</i>, 99.</p> <p>Ditto, ditto. "Tiberius in dissimulation." Tac. <i>Ann.</i>, vi. @@ -700,8 +657,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>Essay V. ditto. "Bona rerum secundarum," &c. Does Bacon allude to Seneca (Ep. lxvi. p. 238., <i>ut sup.</i>), where, after stating that "In - æquo est moderatè gaudere, et moderatè dolere;" he adds, "Illa bona - optabilia sunt, hæc mirabilia"?</p> + æquo est moderatè gaudere, et moderatè dolere;" he adds, "Illa bona + optabilia sunt, hæc mirabilia"?</p> <p>Ditto, ditto. "Vere magnum habere," &c. Whence is this?</p> @@ -726,8 +683,8 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>Essay VII. p. 19. "The precept, 'Optimum elige,' &c." Whence? though I am ashamed to ask.</p> - <p>Essay VIII. p. 20. "The generals." See Æsch. <i>Persæ</i>, 404. - (Dindf.), and Blomfield <i>in loc.</i> (v. 411. ed. suæ).</p> + <p>Essay VIII. p. 20. "The generals." See Æsch. <i>Persæ</i>, 404. + (Dindf.), and Blomfield <i>in loc.</i> (v. 411. ed. suæ).</p> <p>Ditto, ditto. "It was said of Ulysses," &c. By whom? Compare <i>Od.</i>, v. 218.</p> @@ -824,7 +781,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> opened.</p> <p>Here, in ancient times, was the site of a burial-place, but for what - people, or at what age, is now unknown; and here it is that archæologists + people, or at what age, is now unknown; and here it is that archæologists should commence their labours, that in the result they may not be disappointed. In some of the tombs which have been recently entered in this vicinity, fragments of linen cloth have been seen, in which bodies @@ -864,9 +821,9 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> - <p>"The interior room of the tomb of Ænnibal, illustrious in the + <p>"The interior room of the tomb of Ænnibal, illustrious in the consummation of calamity. He was beloved. The people, when they are drawn - up in order of battle, weep for Ænnibal the son of Bar Malek."</p> + up in order of battle, weep for Ænnibal the son of Bar Malek."</p> </blockquote> @@ -895,15 +852,15 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> passage which shows that, about three hundred years since, Waterloo was the scene of a severe engagement; so that the late sanguinary struggle was not the first this battle-ground has to boast of. The passage occurs - in <i>Famianæ Stradæ de Bello Belgico, Decas prima</i>, lib. vi. p. 256., - edit. Romæ, 1653; where, after describing a scheme on the part of the + in <i>Famianæ Stradæ de Bello Belgico, Decas prima</i>, lib. vi. p. 256., + edit. Romæ, 1653; where, after describing a scheme on the part of the insurgents for surprising Lille, and its discovery by the Royalists, he goes on:</p> <blockquote class="b1n"> <p>"Et Rassinghemius de Armerteriensi milite inaudierat: nihilqve moratvs - selectis centvmqvinqvaginta peditibvs et equitibus sclopetariis fermè + selectis centvmqvinqvaginta peditibvs et equitibus sclopetariis fermè qvinqveginta prope <i>Waterlocvm</i> pagvm pvgnam committit."</p> </blockquote> @@ -954,7 +911,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> musical sound" (it is added) "may be produced by touching it sharply with a stick." And this is in fact the reason for its name. The author of the <i>Glossary of Architecture</i> cites <i>Ben Jonson</i> by Gifford, viii. - 251., and <i>Archæol.</i>, xvi. 84.</p> + 251., and <i>Archæol.</i>, xvi. 84.</p> <p class="author"><span class="sc">Alphage.</span></p> @@ -987,7 +944,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> Francis I.'s celebrated "Tout est perdu hormis l'honneur!" but the beauty of that phrase is lost in its real position,—a long letter to Louisa of Savoy, his mother. The letter is given at full length in - Sismondi's <i>Histoire des Français</i>.</p> + Sismondi's <i>Histoire des Français</i>.</p> <p><span class="sc">M—a L.</span></p> @@ -1380,7 +1337,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> who was the last baronet, and in what year? Where he lived, or any other particulars, will much oblige.</p> - <p class="author"><span class="sc">Quæro.</span></p> + <p class="author"><span class="sc">Quæro.</span></p> <p><i>Sir Kenelm Digby.</i>—Why is Sir Kenelm Digby represented, I believe always, with a sun-flower by his side?</p> @@ -1809,7 +1766,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> kneeling and placing her hands upon the neck of the diseased person, who is presented to her by the clerk; while the chaplain, in alb and stole, kneels on the other side. The MS. was exhibited at a meeting of the - Archæological Institute on 6th June, 1851. Hearne, in one of his + Archæological Institute on 6th June, 1851. Hearne, in one of his manuscript diaries in the Bodleian, lv. 190., mentions having seen certain prayers to be used by Queen Mary at the blessing of cramp rings. May not this be the identical MS. alluded to?</p> @@ -1908,19 +1865,19 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> - <p>"Nec quidem temerè contigisse puto quod animalia viva nominibus - Germanicæ originis vocemus, quorum tamen carnem in cibum paratam originis - Gallicæ nominibus appellamus; puta,—bovem, vaccam, vitulum, ovem, + <p>"Nec quidem temerè contigisse puto quod animalia viva nominibus + Germanicæ originis vocemus, quorum tamen carnem in cibum paratam originis + Gallicæ nominibus appellamus; puta,—bovem, vaccam, vitulum, ovem, porcum, aprum, feram, etc. (an ox, a cow, a calf, a sheep, a hog, a boar, a deer, &c.); sed carnem bubulam, vitulinam, ovinam, porcinam, aprugnam, ferinam, etc. (beef, veal, mutton, pork, brawn, venison, &c.) Sed hinc id ortum putaverim, quod Normanni milites pascuis, caulis, haris, locisque quibus vivorum animalium cura agebatur, parcius se <span class="correction" title="Original reads 'immiscuerunt', corrected by erratum in Issue 170." - >immiscuerint</span> (quæ itaque antiqua nomina retinuerunt) quam + >immiscuerint</span> (quæ itaque antiqua nomina retinuerunt) quam macellis, culinis, mensis, epulis, ubi vel parabantur vel habebantur cibi, qui itaque nova nomina ab illis sunt adepti."—Preface to Dr. - Wallis's <i>Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ</i>, 1653, quoted by Winning, + Wallis's <i>Grammatica Linguæ Anglicanæ</i>, 1653, quoted by Winning, <i>Comparative Philology</i>, p. 270.</p> </blockquote> @@ -2031,7 +1988,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> alteration of the standard during the latter period.</p> <p>The standard of gold, when first introduced into the coinage, was of - 24 carats fine; that is, pure gold. Subsequently, it was 23½ and half + 24 carats fine; that is, pure gold. Subsequently, it was 23½ and half alloy; this, after an occasional debasement by Henry VIII., was fixed at 22 carats fine and 2 carats alloy by Charles I.; and still continues so, being <!-- Page 91 --><span class="pagenum" title="092.png"><a @@ -2135,7 +2092,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>The table inquired for by <span class="sc">Mr. Livett</span>, with a most interesting historical paper on the subject, was published in the - last <i>Archæological Journal</i>, October, 1852.</p> + last <i>Archæological Journal</i>, October, 1852.</p> <p class="author"><span class="sc">H. T. Ellacombe.</span></p> @@ -2417,7 +2374,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <tr><td class="ar pr025"> 10</td> <td class="ac pr025 pl025"> "</td> <td class="pl025"> of chloride of sodium in crystals.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="ar pr025"> 1½</td> +<tr><td class="ar pr025"> 1½</td> <td class="ac pr025 pl025"> "</td> <td class="pl025"> of resublimed iodine.</td></tr> </table> @@ -2442,7 +2399,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p>"The 'iodized paper,' which will keep for almost any length of time, should be placed in a portfolio, great care being taken to lay it perfectly flat, otherwise the wax is liable to crack, and thus spoil the - beauty of the negative. The papers manufactured by Canson Frères and + beauty of the negative. The papers manufactured by Canson Frères and Lacroix are far preferable, for this process, to any of the English kinds, being much thinner and of a very even texture.</p> @@ -2582,7 +2539,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> (Chalmers's <i>Biog. Dict.</i>, vol. xvii. p. 7.)</p> <p>Bishop Bull, while rector of St. George's near Bristol, said the - Baptismal Office by heart on one occasion. (Nelson's <i>Life</i>, i. § + Baptismal Office by heart on one occasion. (Nelson's <i>Life</i>, i. § ix. p. 34.; <i>Works</i>, Oxford, 1827.)</p> <p class="author"><span class="sc">Mackenzie Walcott</span>, M.A.</p> @@ -2687,7 +2644,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="poem"> <div class="stanza"> - <p class="hg3">"Scriptus et æterno nunc primum Jupiter <i>auro</i>."</p> + <p class="hg3">"Scriptus et æterno nunc primum Jupiter <i>auro</i>."</p> <p class="i16">Lib. xi. Ep. iv.</p> </div> </div> @@ -2737,7 +2694,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <div class="stanza"> <p class="hg3">"Promittit, promissa negat, ploratque negata,</p> - <p class="i1">Hæc tria si junges, quis neget esse Petrum."</p> + <p class="i1">Hæc tria si junges, quis neget esse Petrum."</p> </div> </div> @@ -2762,18 +2719,18 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> or handle of the shield, which till then had been suspended by straps from the neck, as well as of the tuft of feathers or horse-hair on the helmet, to the Carians; in which Strabo agrees with him, and, as far as - regards the supporters and crest, Ælian also:</p> + regards the supporters and crest, Ælian also:</p> <blockquote class="b1n"> - <p>"Herodot schrieb den ersten Gebrauch, oder wie er sich ausdrückt, die + <p>"Herodot schrieb den ersten Gebrauch, oder wie er sich ausdrückt, die Erfindung der Zeichen auf Schilden, die wir Wappen nennen, wie auch der Halter oder Handhaben an den Schilden, die bis dahin nur an Riemen um den - Nacken getragen wurden, und die Büsche von Federn oder Rosshaaren auf den + Nacken getragen wurden, und die Büsche von Federn oder Rosshaaren auf den Helmen, den Cariern zu, worin ihm Strabo (<i>Geogr.</i> 14. <span - class="sm">I.</span> § 27.), und was die Handhaben und Helmbüsche - betrifft, auch Ælian (<i>Hist. Animal.</i> 12. 30.), - beistimmen."—Bernd's <i>Wappenwissen der Griechen und Römer</i>, p. + class="sm">I.</span> § 27.), und was die Handhaben und Helmbüsche + betrifft, auch Ælian (<i>Hist. Animal.</i> 12. 30.), + beistimmen."—Bernd's <i>Wappenwissen der Griechen und Römer</i>, p. 4. Bonn, 1841.</p> </blockquote> @@ -2784,7 +2741,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <blockquote class="b1n"> - <p><span title="Kares prôtoi heuron tous omphalous tôn aspidôn, kai tous lophous. tois oun apothnêskousi sunethapton aspidiskion mikron kai lophon, sêmeion tês heureseôs." class="grk" + <p><span title="Kares prôtoi heuron tous omphalous tôn aspidôn, kai tous lophous. tois oun apothnêskousi sunethapton aspidiskion mikron kai lophon, sêmeion tês heureseôs." class="grk" >"Κᾶρες πρῶτοι εὗρον τοὺς @@ -2876,7 +2833,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p class="hg3">"Hier moet men gissen</p> <p>Glasen te wasser</p> <p>Daer in te pissen</p> - <p>En soú niet passen.</p> + <p>En soú niet passen.</p> <p class="i4">1659."</p> </div> </div> @@ -3028,7 +2985,7 @@ Stamped Edition 5<i>d.</i></b></td> <p><span class="sc">Spectator.</span> Vols. V. and VII. 12mo. London, 1753.</p> - <p><span class="sc">Costerus (François) Cinquante Meditations de toute + <p><span class="sc">Costerus (François) Cinquante Meditations de toute l'Histoire de la Passion de Nostre Seigneur.</span> 8vo. Anvers, Christ. Plantin.</p> @@ -3234,11 +3191,11 @@ George Drew, Esq. <table style="width:35%" class="mc" summary="Specimens of Rates" title="Specimens of Rates"> <tr> <td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td> -<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar br" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> <td class="plr05" style="width:28%">Age</td> -<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> +<td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>£</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>s.</i></td> <td class="plr05 ar" style="text-align:right; width:7%"><i>d.</i></td> </tr> @@ -3359,7 +3316,7 @@ Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street.</p> <hr class="full" /> <p>PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.—Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, - Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's + Turner's, Sanford's, and Canson Frères make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography.</p> <p class="ac">Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic @@ -3375,7 +3332,7 @@ Row, London.</p> Ladies and Gentlemen's PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, - Bands à la Reine, &c.; also their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the + Bands à la Reine, &c.; also their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly harmless. Any lady or @@ -3390,7 +3347,7 @@ Row, London.</p> <hr class="full" /> <p>LOST.—Two Water-coloured Drawings by MR. DELAMOTTE [engraved in - 2nd volume of "Journal of Archæological Institute"] of distemper + 2nd volume of "Journal of Archæological Institute"] of distemper Paintings in Stanton Harcourt Church. Any person having them, is requested to return them to their owner, MR. DYKE, Jesus College, Oxford.</p> @@ -3448,11 +3405,11 @@ Row, London.</p> Acid, 4<i>s.</i> per drachm. Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, 8<i>d.</i> per oz. Crystallizable and perfectly pure, on which the success of the Calo-typist so much depends, 1<i>s.</i> per oz. Canson - Frères' Negative Paper, 3<i>s.</i>; Positive do., 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; + Frères' Negative Paper, 3<i>s.</i>; Positive do., 4<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; La Croix, 3<i>s.</i>; Turner, 3<i>s.</i> Whatman's Negative and Positive, 3<i>s.</i> per quire. Iodized Waxed Paper, 10<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the Camera, and warranted to keep from - fourteen to twenty days, with directions for use, 11×9, 9<i>s.</i> per + fourteen to twenty days, with directions for use, 11×9, 9<i>s.</i> per doz.; Iodized, only 6<i>s.</i> per doz.</p> <p class="ac">GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents @@ -3469,7 +3426,7 @@ ETC.</p> Square.—Superior Iodized Collodion, in bottles at 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i>; Pyrogallic Acid, 4<i>s.</i> per drachm; Pure Crystallizable Acetic Acid, 8<i>d.</i> per oz.; Iodide of Potassium, 1<i>s.</i> - 6<i>d.</i> per oz.; Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3<i>s.</i>; Positive + 6<i>d.</i> per oz.; Canson Frères' Negative Paper, 3<i>s.</i>; Positive Ditto, 4<i>s.</i> per quire.</p> <p>Bromine, 8<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per oz.; Iodine, 2<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> @@ -3557,14 +3514,14 @@ FIVE SHILLINGS EACH.</p> <p>RALPH'S SERMON PAPER.—This approved Paper is particularly deserving the notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each - page measuring 5¾ by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size + page measuring 5¾ by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary use; and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted for expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5<i>s.</i> per ream. Sample on application.</p> <p>ENVELOPE PAPER.—To identify the contents with the address and postmark, important in all business communications; it admits of three - clear pages (each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves + clear pages (each measuring 5½ by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and is more economical. Price 9<i>s.</i> 6<i>d.</i> per ream.</p> <p class="ac">F. W. RALPH, Manufacturing Stationer, @@ -3787,7 +3744,7 @@ CANTERBURY.</p> comparison with English work, of the same periods.</p> <p>"In the present Edition, considerably more attention has been given to - the subject of Mediæval Carpentry, the number of Illustrations of 'Open + the subject of Mediæval Carpentry, the number of Illustrations of 'Open Timber Roofs' has been much increased, and most of the Carpenter's terms in use at the period have been introduced with authorities."—<i>Preface to the Fifth Edition.</i></p> @@ -3806,385 +3763,6 @@ CANTERBURY.</p> the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at No. 186. Fleet Street aforesaid.—Saturday, January 22. 1853.</p> - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Notes and Queries, Number 169, January -22, 1853, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - -***** This file should be named 42784-h.htm or 42784-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/4/2/7/8/42784/ - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org - - -Title: Notes and Queries, Number 169, January 22, 1853 - A Medium of Inter-communication for Literary Men, Artists, - Antiquaries, Genealogists, etc - -Author: Various - -Editor: George Bell - -Release Date: May 24, 2013 [EBook #42784] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK NOTES AND QUERIES *** - - - - -Produced by Charlene Taylor, Jonathan Ingram, Keith Edkins -and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team at -http://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from images -generously made available by The Internet Archive/Canadian -Libraries) - - - - - -Transcriber's note: A few typographical errors have been corrected: they -are indicated by footnotes to the relevant item. - - * * * * * - - -{77} - -NOTES AND QUERIES: - -A MEDIUM OF INTER-COMMUNICATION FOR LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS, ANTIQUARIES, -GENEALOGISTS, ETC. - -"When found, make a note of."--CAPTAIN CUTTLE. - - * * * * * - - -No. 169.] -SATURDAY, JANUARY 22. 1853 -[Price Fourpence. Stamped Edition 5d. - - * * * * * - - -CONTENTS. - - NOTES:-- Page - - Blackguard, by Sir J. Emerson Tennent 77 - - Predictions of the Fire and Plague of London, No. I., - by T. Sternberg 79 - - Notes and Queries on Bacon's Essays, No. II., by, - P. J. F. Gantillon, B.A. 80 - - FOLK LORE:--Irish Superstitious Customs--Charm for, - Warts--The Devil--"Winter Thunder," &c. 81 - - Malta the Burial-place of Hannibal 81 - - MINOR NOTES:--Waterloo--"Tuch"--The Dodo--Francis I. 82 - - QUERIES:-- - - Dr. Anthony Marshall 83 - - Lindis, Meaning of 83 - - MINOR QUERIES:--Smock Marriage in New York--The broken - Astragalus--Penardo and Laissa--St. Adulph--St. Botulph-- - Tennyson--"Ma Ninette," &c.--Astronomical Query--Chaplains - to Noblemen--"More" Queries--Heraldic Query--"By Prudence - guided," &c.--Lawyers' Bags--Master Family--Passage in - Wordsworth--Govett Family--Sir Kenelm Digby--Riddles-- - Straw Bail--Wages in the West in 1642--Literary Frauds - of Modern Times 84 - - MINOR QUERIES WITH ANSWERS:--"Very like a Whale"--Wednesday - a Litany Day--"Thy Spirit, Independence," &c.--"Hob and - nob," Meaning of 86 - - REPLIES:-- - - Wellesley Pedigree, by John D'Alton 87 - - Consecrated Rings for Epilepsy 88 - - Turner's View of Lambeth Palace, by J. Walter, &c. 89 - - Etymological Traces of the social Position of our Ancestors, - by C. Forbes, &c. 90 - - Goldsmiths' Year-marks, by W. Chaffers, Jun., and H. T. - Ellacombe 90 - - Editions of the Prayer-Book prior to 1662, by W. Sparrow - Simpson, B.A. 91 - - PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES:--Originator of the Collodion - Process--Mr. Weld Taylor's Process--Dr. Diamond's Services - to Photography--Simplification of the Wax-paper Process 92 - - The Burial Service said by Heart, by Mackenzie Wallcott, - M.A., &c. 94 - - REPLIES TO MINOR QUERIES:--Mary Queen of Scots' Gold - Cross--Jennings Family--Adamson's "England's Defence"-- - Chief Justice Thomas Wood--Aldiborontiphoscophornio-- - Statue of St. Peter at Rome--Old Silver Ornament-- - "Plurima, pauca, nihil"--"Pork-pisee" and "Wheale"--Did - the Carians use Heraldic Devices?--Herbert Family-- - Children crying at Baptism, &c. 95 - - MISCELLANEOUS:-- - - Notes on Books, &c. 97 - - Books and Odd Volumes wanted 98 - - Notices to Correspondents 98 - - Advertisements 99 - - * * * * * - - -Notes. - -BLACKGUARD. - -In some of the earlier numbers of "N. & Q.," there occur disquisitions as -to the origin of the term _blackguard_, and the time at which it came into -use in England in its present sense. But the communications of your -correspondents have not been satisfactory upon either point--they have not -shown the period at which the word came to be accepted _in its present -sense_; and their quotations all apply to its use in a much more simple -meaning, and one totally different from that which we now attach to it. - -One class of these quotations (Vol. ii., pp. 171. 285.), such as the -passages from BUTLER and FULLER, refer obviously to a popular superstition, -during an age when the belief in witchcraft and hobgoblins was universal; -and when such creatures of fancy were assigned as _Black Guards_ to his -Satanic majesty. "Who can conceive," says FULLER in the paragraph -extracted, "but that such a Prince-principal of Darkness must be -proportionally attended by a Black Guard of monstrous opinions?" (_Church -History_, b. ix. c. xvi.) And in the verses of BUTLER referred to, -Hudibras, when deceived by Ralpho counterfeiting a ghost in the dark,-- - - "Believed it was some drolling sprite - That _staid upon the guard_ at night:" - -and thereupon in his trepidation discourses with the Squire as follows: - - "Thought he, How does the _Devil_ know - What 'twas that I design'd to do? - His office of intelligence, - His oracles, are ceas'd long since; - And he knows nothing of the Saints, - But what some treach'rous spy acquaints. - This is some petty-fogging _fiend_, - Some under door-keeper's friend's friend, - That undertakes to understand, - And juggles at the second hand: - And now would pass for spirit Po, - And all men's dark concerns foreknow. - I think I need not fear him for't; - These rallying _devils_ do not hurt. - {78} - With that he roused his drooping heart, - And hastily cry'd out, What art?-- - A wretch, quoth he, whom want of grace - Has brought to this unhappy place. - I do believe thee, quoth the knight; - Thus far I'm sure thou'rt in the right, - And know what 'tis that troubles thee, - Better than thou hast guess'd of me. - Thou art some paltry, _blackguard sprite_, - Condemn'd to drudg'ry in the night; - Thou hast no work to do in th' house, - _Nor half-penny to drop in shoes_; - Without the raising of which sum - You dare not be so troublesome; - To pinch the slatterns black and blue, - For leaving you their work to do. - This is your business, good Pug Robin, - And your diversion, dull dry bobbing." - _Hudibras_, Part III. Canto 1. line 1385, &c. - -It will be seen that BUTLER, like FULLER, uses the term in the simple sense -as a _guard_ of the Prince of Darkness. But the concluding lines of -Hudibras's address to Ralpho explain the process by which, at a late -period, this term of the _Black Guard_ came to be applied to the lowest -class of domestics in great establishments. - -The Black Guard of Satan was supposed to perform the domestic drudgery of -the kitchen and servants' hall, in the infernal household. The extract from -HOBBES (Vol. ii., p. 134.) refers to this:-- - - "Since my Lady's decay, I am degraded from a cook; and I fear the Devil - himself will entertain me but for one of his _black guard_, and he - shall be sure to have his roast burnt." - -Hence came the popular superstition that these goblin scullions, on their -visits to the upper world, confined themselves to the servants' apartments -of the houses which they favoured with their presence, and which at night -they swept and garnished; pinching those of the maids in their sleep who, -by their laziness, had imposed such toil on their elfin assistants; but -_slipping money into the shoes_ of the more tidy and industrious servants, -whose attention to their own duties before going to rest had spared the -goblins the task of performing their share of the drudgery. Hudibras -apostrophises the ghost as-- - - "... some paltry _blackguard_ sprite - Condemn'd to drudgery in the night; - Thou hast no work to do in th' house - Nor half-penny to drop in shoes;" - -and therefore, as the knight concluded--"this devil full of malice" had -found sufficient leisure to taunt and rally him in the dark upon his recent -disasters. - -This belief in the visits of domestic spirits, who busy themselves at night -in sweeping and arranging the lower apartments, has prevailed in the North -of Ireland and in Scotland from time immemorial: and it is explained in SIR -WALTER SCOTT'S notes to the _Lay of the Last Minstrel_, as his -justification for introducing the goblin page Gilpin Horner amongst the -domestics of Branksome Hall. Perhaps, from the association of these elves -with the lower household duties, but more probably from a more obvious -cause, came at a later period the practice described by GIFFORD in his note -on BEN JONSON, as quoted by your correspondent (Vol. ii., p. 170.), by -which-- - - "in all great houses, but particularly in the Royal Residences, there - were a number of mean dirty dependents, whose office it was to attend - the wool-yard, sculleries, &c. Of these, the most forlorn wretches seem - to have been selected to carry coals to the kitchens, halls, &c. To - this smutty regiment, who attended the progresses, and rode in the - carts with the pots and kettles, the people, in derision, gave the name - of the _black guards_." - -This is no doubt correct; and hence the expression of BEAUMONT and -FLETCHER, quoted from the _Elder Brother_, that-- - - "... from the _black guard_ - To the grim Sir in office, there are few - Hold other tenets:" - -meaning from the lowest domestic to the highest functionary of a household. -This too explains the force of the allusion, in Jardine's _Criminal -Trials_, to the apartments of Euston House being "far unmeet for her -Highness, but fitter for the Black Guard"--that is, for the scullions and -lowest servants of an establishment. SWIFT employs the word in this sense -when he says, in the extract quoted by Dr. Johnson in his _Dictionary_ in -illustration of the meaning of _blackguard_,-- - - "Let a black-guard boy be always about the house to send on your - errands, and go to market for you on rainy days." - -It will thus be seen, that of the six authors quoted in "N. & Q." no one -makes use of the term _black guard_ in an opprobrious sense such as -attaches to the more modern word "blackguard;" and that they all wrote -within the first fifty years of the seventeenth century. It must therefore -be subsequent not only to that date, but to the reign of Queen Anne, that -we are to look for its general acceptance in its present contumelious -sense. And I believe that its introduction may be traced to a recent -period, and to a much more simple derivation than that investigated by your -correspondents. - -I apprehend that the present term, "a blackguard," is of French origin; and -that its importation into our language was subsequent to the Restoration of -Charles II., A.D. 1660. There is a corresponding term in French, _blague_, -which, like our English adaptation, is not admissible in good society. It -is defined by Bescherelles, in his great _Dictionnaire National_, to mean -"fanfaronnade, hablerie, mensonge; bourde, gasconade:" and to {79} be "un -mot populaire et bas, dont les personnes bien elevees evitent de se -servir." From _blague_ comes the verb _blaguer_, which the same authority -says means "dire des blagues; mentir pour le plaisir de mentir." And from -_blaguer_ comes the substantive _blagueur_, which is, I apprehend, the -original of our English word _blackguard_. It is described by Bescherelles -as a "diseur de sornettes et de faussetees; hableur, fanfaron. Un -_blagueur_ est un menteur, mais un menteur qui a moins pour but de tromper -que de se faire valoir." - -The English term has, it will be observed, a somewhat wider and more -offensive import than the French: and the latter being rarely to be found -amongst educated persons, or in dictionaries, it may have escaped the -etymologists who were in search of a congener for its English derivative. -Its pedigree is, however, to be sought in philological rather than -archaeological records. Within the last two centuries, a number of words of -honest origin have passed into an opprobrious sense; for example, the -oppressed tenants of Ireland are spoken of by SPENSER and SIR JOHN DAVIES -as "_villains_." In our version of the Scriptures, "_cunning_" implies -merely skill in music and in art. SHAKSPEARE employs the word "_vagabond_" -as often to express pity as reproach; and I think it will be found, that as -a _knave_, prior to the reign of Elizabeth, meant merely a serving man, so -a _blackguard_ was the name for a pot-boy or scullion in the reign of Queen -Anne. The transition into its more modern meaning took place at a later -period, on the importation of a foreign word, to which, being already -interchangeable in sound, it speedily became assimilated in sense. - -J. EMERSON TENNENT. - - * * * * * - -PREDICTIONS OF THE FIRE AND PLAGUE OF LONDON, NO. I. - - "It was a trim worke indeede, and a gay world no doubt for some idle - cloister-man, mad merry friers, and lusty abbey-lubbers; when - themselves were well whittled, and their paunches pretily stuffed, to - fall a prophesieing of the woefull dearths, famines, plagues, wars, &c. - of the dangerous days imminent."--Harvey's _Discoursive Probleme_, - Lond. 1588. - -Among the sly hits at our nation, which abound in the lively pages of the -Sieur d'Argenton, is one to the effect that an Englishman always has an old -prophecy in his possession. The worthy Sieur is describing the meeting of -Louis X. and our Henry II. near Picquini, where the Chancellor of England -commenced his harangue by alluding to an ancient prophecy which predicted -that the Plain of Picquini should be the scene of a memorable and lasting -peace between the two nations. "The Bishop," says Commines, "commenca par -une prophetie, dont," adds he, _en parenthese_, "les Anglois ne sont jamais -despourveus."[1] Even at this early period, we had thus acquired a -reputation for prophecies, and it must be confessed that our chronicles -abound in passages which illustrate the justice of the Sieur's sarcasm. -From the days of York and Lancaster, when, according to Lord Northampton -"bookes of beasts and babyes were exceeding ryfe, and current in every -quarter and corner of the realme,"[2] up to the time of Napoleon's -projected invasion, when the presses of the Seven Dials were unusually -prolific in visions and predictions, pandering to the popular fears of the -country--our national character for vaticination has been amply sustained -by a goodly array of prophets, real or pretended, whose lucubrations have -not even yet entirely lost their influence upon the popular mind. To this -day, the ravings of Nixon are "household words" in Cheshire; and I am told -that a bundle of "Dame Shipton's Sayings" still forms a very saleable -addition to the pack of a Yorkshire pedlar. Recent discoveries in -biological science have given to the subject of popular prophecies a -philosophical importance beyond the mere curiosity or strangeness of the -details. Whether or not the human mind, under certain conditions, becomes -endowed with the prescient faculty, is a question I do not wish to discuss -in your pages: I merely wish to direct attention to a neglected and not -uninteresting chapter in the curiosities of literature. - -In delving among what may be termed the popular religious literature of the -latter years of the Commonwealth, and early part of the reign of Charles, -we become aware of the existence of a kind of nightmare which the public of -that age were evidently labouring under--a strong and vivid impression that -some terrible calamity was impending over the metropolis. Puritanic -tolerance was sorely tried by the licence of the new Court; and the pulpits -were soon filled with enthusiasts of all sects, who railed in no measured -terms against the monster city--the city Babylon--the bloody city! as they -loved to term her: proclaiming with all the fervour of fanaticism that the -measure of her iniquities was well nigh full, and the day of her extinction -at hand. The press echoed the cry; and for some years before and after the -Restoration, it teemed with "warnings" and "visions," in which the -approaching destruction is often plainly predicted. One of the earliest of -these prefigurations occurs in that Leviathan of Sermons, _God's Plea for -Nineveh, or London's Precedent for Mercy_, by Thomas Reeve: London, 1657. -Speaking of London, he says: - - It was Troy-novant, it is Troy le grand, and it will be Troy - l'extinct."--P. 217. - -{80} And again: - - "Methinks I see you bringing pick-axes to dig downe your owne walls, - and kindling sparks that will act all in a flame from one end of the - city to the other."--P. 214. - -And afterwards, in a strain of rough eloquence: - - "This goodly city of yours all in shreds, ye may seek for a threshold - of your antient dwellings, for a pillar of your pleasant habitations, - and not find them; all your spacious mansions and sumptuous monuments - are then gone.... Wo unto us, our sins have pulled down our houses, - shaken down our city; we are the most harbourlesse featlesse people in - the world.... Foxes have holes, and the fowls of the air nests, but we - have neither; our sins have deprived us both of couch and covert. What - inventions shall ye then be put to, to secure yourselves, when your - sins shall have shut up all the conduits of the city, and suffer only - the Liver conduit to run[3]; when they allow you no showers of rain, - but showers of blood; when ye shall see no men of your incorporation, - but the mangl'd citizen; nor hear no noise in your streets but the - crys, the shrieks, the yells and pangs of gasping, dying men; when, - amongst the throngs of associates, not a man will own you or come near - you," &c.--Pp. 221. _et seq._ - -After alluding to the epidemics of former ages, he thus alludes to the -coming plague: - - "It will chase men out of their houses, as if there was some fierce - enemy pursuing them, and shut up shop doors, as if execution after - judgment was served upon the merchants; there will then be no other - music to be heard but doleful knells, nor no other wares to be born up - and down but dead corpses; it will change mansion houses into - pest-houses, and gather congregations rather into churchyards than - churches.... The markets will be so empty, that scarce necessaries will - be brought in, a new kind of brewers will set up, even apothecaries to - prepare diet drinks."--P. 255. - -The early Quakers, like most other religious enthusiasts, claimed the gift -of prophecy: and we are indebted to members of the sect for many -contributions to this branch of literature. Humphrey Smith was one of the -most celebrated of the vaticinating Quakers. Little is known of his life -and career. He appears to have joined the Quakers about 1654; and after -enduring a long series of persecutions and imprisonments for the sake of -his adopted creed, finally ended his days in Winchester gaol in 1662. The -following passage, from a _Vision which he saw concerning London_ (London, -1660). is startling[4]: - - "And as for the city, herself and her suburbs, and all that belonged to - her, a fire was kindled therin; but she knew not how, even in all her - goodly places, and the kindling of it was in the foundation of all her - buildings, and there was none could quench it.... And the burning - thereof was exceeding great, and it burned inward in a hidden manner - which cannot be described.... All the tall buildings fell, and it - consumed all the lofty things therein, and the fire searched out all - the hidden places, and burned most in the secret places. And as I - passed through her streets I beheld her state to be very miserable, and - very few were those who were left in her, who were but here and there - one: and they feared not the fire, neither did the burning hurt them, - but they walked as dejected mournful people.... And the fire continued, - for, though all the lofty part was brought down, yet there was much old - stuffe, and parts of broken-down desolate walls, which the fire - continued burning against.... And the vision thereof remained in me as - a thing that was showed me of the Lord." - -Daniel Baker, Will Lilly, and Nostradamus, I shall reserve for another -paper. - -T. STERNBERG. - -[Footnote 1: _Memoires_, p. 155.: Paris, 1649.] - -[Footnote 2: _Defensative against the Poyson of supposed Prophecies_, p. -116.] - -[Footnote 3: "It was a great contributing to this misfortune that the -Thames Water House was out of order, so that the conduits and pipes were -almost all dry."--_Observations on the burning of London_: Lond. 1667, p. -34.] - -[Footnote 4: For a sight of this extremely scarce tract, I am indebted to -the courtesy of the gentleman who has the care of the Friends' Library in -Devonshire House, Bishopsgate.] - - * * * * * - -NOTES AND QUERIES ON BACON'S ESSAYS, NO. II. - -(Vol. vii., p. 6.) - -Essay I. p. 2. "One of the fathers." Who, and where? - -Ditto, ditto. The poet. Lucretus, ii., init. "Suave mari magno," &c. - -Ditto, p. 3. (note i). Plutarch. Does Montaigne allude to Plutarch, _De -Liberis educandis_, vol. ii. (ed. Xyland.) 11 C.: "[Greek: to gar -pseudesthai douloprepes k.t.l.]"? - -Essay II. p. 4. "You shall read in _some_ of the friars' books," &c. Where? - -Ditto, ditto. "Pompa magis," &c. Does Bacon quote this from memory, -referring to "Tolle istam pompam, sub qua lates, et stultos territas"? (Ep. -XXIV. vol. ii. p. 92.: ed. Elzev. 1672.) - -Ditto, p. 5. "We read," &c. Tac. _Hist._, ii. 49. "Quidam milites juxta -rogum interfecere se, non noxa neque ob metum, sed aemulatione decoris et -caritate principis." Cf. Sueton. _Vit. Oth._, 12. - -Ditto, ditto. "Cogita quamdiu," &c. Whence is this? - -Ditto, ditto. "Augustus Caesar died," &c. Suet. _Vit. Octav._, 99. - -Ditto, ditto. "Tiberius in dissimulation." Tac. _Ann._, vi. 50. - -Ditto, ditto. "Vespasian." Suet. _Vit. Vespas._, 23. - -Ditto, ditto. "Galba." Tac. _Hist._, i. 41. - -Ditto, ditto. "Septimus Severus." Whence is this? - -Ditto, p. 6. (note _m_). "In the tenth Satire of Juvenal." V. 357., _seq._ - -Ditto, ditto. "Extinctus amabitur idem." Hor. _Epist._ ii. l. 14. - -{81} - -Essay III. p. 8. "A master of scoffing." Rabelais, _Pantagruel_, book ii. -cap. viii. (p. 339. vol. i. ed. Bohn, 1849.) - -Ditto, p. 9. "As it is noted by one of the fathers." By whom, and where? - -Ditto, p. 10. "Lucretius." I. 102. - -Ditto, p. 11. "It was a notable observation of a wise father." Of whom, and -where? - -Essay IV. p. 13. "For the death of Pertinax." See _Hist. Aug. Script._, -vol. i. p. 578. (Lugd. Bat. 1671.) - -Ditto, ditto, (note _f_). "The poet." Ovid, _Ar. Am._, i. 655. - -Essay V. ditto. "Bona rerum secundarum," &c. Does Bacon allude to Seneca -(Ep. lxvi. p. 238., _ut sup._), where, after stating that "In aequo est -moderate gaudere, et moderate dolere;" he adds, "Illa bona optabilia sunt, -haec mirabilia"? - -Ditto, ditto. "Vere magnum habere," &c. Whence is this? - -Ditto, ditto. "The strange fiction of the ancient poets." In note (_a_) we -find "Stesichorus, Apollodorus, _and others_" named. Whereabouts? - -Ditto, p. 11. (note _c_). "This fine passage has been quoted by Macaulay." -_Ut sup._, p. 407. - -Essay VI. p. 15. "Tacitus saith." _Ann._, v. 1. - -Ditto, ditto. "And again, when Mucianus," &c. Ditto, _Hist._, ii. 76. - -Ditto, ditto. "Which indeed are arts, &c., as Tacitus well calleth them." -Where? - -Ditto, p. 17. "It is a good shrewd proverb of the Spaniard." What is the -proverb? - -Essay VII. p. 19. "The precept, 'Optimum elige,' &c." Whence? though I am -ashamed to ask. - -Essay VIII. p. 20. "The generals." See Aesch. _Persae_, 404. (Dindf.), and -Blomfield _in loc._ (v. 411. ed. suae). - -Ditto, ditto. "It was said of Ulysses," &c. By whom? Compare _Od._, v. 218. - -Ditto, p. 21. "He was reputed," &c. Who? - -(_To be continued._) - -P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. - - * * * * * - -FOLK LORE. - -_Irish Superstitious Customs._--The following strange practices of the -Irish are described in a MS. of the sixteenth century, and seem to have a -Pagan origin: - - "Upon Maie Eve they will drive their cattell upon their neighbour's - corne, to eate the same up; they were wont to begin from the rast, and - this principally upon the English churl. Onlesse they do so upon Maie - daie, the witch hath power upon their cattell all the yere following." - -The next paragraph observes that "they spitt in the face; Sir R. Shee spat -in Ladie ---- face." - -Spenser alludes to spitting on a person for luck, and I have experienced -the ceremony myself. - -H. - -_Charm for Warts._--I remember in Leicestershire seeing the following charm -employed for removal of a number of warts on my brother, then a child about -five years old. In the month of April or May he was taken to an ash-tree by -a lady, who carried also a paper of fresh pins; one of these was first -struck through the bark, and then pressed through the wart until it -produced pain: it was then taken out and stuck into the tree. Each wart was -thus treated, a separate pin being used for each. The warts certainly -disappeared in about six weeks. I saw the same tree a year or two again, -when it was very thickly studded over with old pins, each the index of a -cured wart. - -T. J. - -Liverpool. - -_The Devil._-- - - "According to the superstition of the west countries if you meet the - devil, you may either cut him in half with a straw, or force him to - disappear by spitting over his horns."--_Essays on his own Times_, by - S. T. Coleridge, vol. iii. p. 967. - -J. M. B. - -If you sing before breakfast you will cry before supper. - -If you wish to have luck, never shave on a Monday. - -J. M. B. - -_"Winter Thunder," &c._--I was conversing the other day with a very old -farmer on the disastrous rains and storms of the present season, when he -told me that he thought we had not yet seen the worst; and gave as a reason -the following proverb: - - "Winter thunder and summer flood - Bode England no good." - -H. T. - -Ingatestone Hall, Essex. - - * * * * * - -MALTA THE BURIAL-PLACE OF HANNIBAL. - -Malta affords a fine field for antiquarian research; and in no part more so -than in the neighbourhood of Citta Vecchia, where for some distance the -ground is dotted with tombs which have already been opened. - -Here, in ancient times, was the site of a burial-place, but for what -people, or at what age, is now unknown; and here it is that archaeologists -should commence their labours, that in the result they may not be -disappointed. In some of the tombs which have been recently entered in this -vicinity, fragments of linen cloth have been seen, in which bodies were -enveloped at the time of their burial; in others glass, and earthen -candlesticks, and jars, hollow throughout and of a curious shape; while in -a few were earrings and finger-rings made of the purest gold, but they are -rarely found. {82} - -There cannot be a doubt that many valuable antiquities will yet be -discovered, and in support of this presumption I would only refer to those -now known to exist; the Giant's Tower at Gozo, the huge tombs in the -Bengemma Hills, and those extensive and remarkable ruins at Krendi, which -were excavated by order of the late Sir Henry Bouverie, and remain as a -lasting and honourable memento of his rule, being among the number. - -An antiquary, being at Malta, cannot pass a portion of an idle day more -agreeably than in visiting some singular sepulchral chambers not far from -Notabile, which are built in a rocky eminence, and with entrances several -feet from the ground. These are very possibly the tombs of the earliest -Christians, who tried in their erection "to imitate that of our Saviour, by -building them in the form of caves, and closing their portals with marble -or stone." When looking at these tombs from a terrace near the Cathedral, -we were strongly reminded of those which were seen by our lately deceased -friend Mr. John L. Stephens, and so well described by him in his _Incidents -of Travel_ in eastern lands. Had we time or space, we should more -particularly refer to several other interesting remains now scattered over -the island, and, among them, to that curious sepulchre not a long time ago -discovered in a garden at Rabato. We might write of the inscription on its -walls, "In pace posita sunt," and of the figures of a dove and hare which -were near it, to show that the ashes of those whom they buried there were -left in peace. We might also make mention, more at length, of a tomb which -was found at the point Beni Isa in 1761, having on its face a Phoenician -inscription, which Sir William Drummond thus translates: - - "The interior room of the tomb of Aennibal, illustrious in the - consummation of calamity. He was beloved. The people, when they are - drawn up in order of battle, weep for Aennibal the son of Bar Malek." - -Sir Grenville Temple remarks, that the great Carthaginian general is -supposed, by the Maltese, to have been a native of their island, and one of -the Barchina family, once known to have been established in Malta; while -some writers have stated that his remains were brought from Bithynia to -this island, to be placed in the tomb of his ancestors; and this -supposition, from what we have read, may be easily credited. - -Might I ask if there is any writer, ancient or modern, who has recorded -that Malta was not the burial-place of Hannibal? - -W. W. - -Malta. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Notes. - -_Waterloo._--I do not know whether, in any of the numerous lives of the -late Duke of Wellington, the following fact has been noticed. In Strada's -History of the Belgian war (a work which deserves to be better known and -appreciated than it is at present), there occurs a passage which shows -that, about three hundred years since, Waterloo was the scene of a severe -engagement; so that the late sanguinary struggle was not the first this -battle-ground has to boast of. The passage occurs in _Famianae Stradae de -Bello Belgico, Decas prima_, lib. vi. p. 256., edit. Romae, 1653; where, -after describing a scheme on the part of the insurgents for surprising -Lille, and its discovery by the Royalists, he goes on: - - "Et Rassinghemius de Armerteriensi milite inaudierat: nihilqve moratvs - selectis centvmqvinqvaginta peditibvs et equitibus sclopetariis ferme - qvinqveginta prope _Waterlocvm_ pagvm pvgnam committit." - -What makes this more curious is, that, like the later battle, neither of -the contending parties on this occasion were natives of the country in -which the battle was fought, they being the French Calvinists on one side -and the Spaniards on the other. - -PHILOBIBLION. - -"_Tuch._"--In "The Synagogue," attached to Herbert's _Poems_, but written -by Chr. Harvie, M.A., is a piece entitled "The Communion Table," one verse -of which is as follows: - - "And for the matter whereof it is made, - The matter is not much, - Although it be of _tuch_, - Or wood, or mettal, what will last, or fade; - So vanitie - And superstition avoided be." - -S. T. Coleridge, in a note on this passage, printed in Mr. Pickering's -edition of Herbert, 1850 (fcap. 8vo.), says: - - "_Tuch_ rhyming to _much_, from the German _tuch_, cloth: I never met - with it before as an English word. So I find _platt_, for foliage, in - Stanley's _Hist. of Philosophy_, p. 22." - -Whether Coleridge rightly appreciated Stanley's use of the word _platt_, I -shall not determine; but with regard to _touch_, it is evident that he went -(it was the tendency of his mind) to Germany for error, when truth might -have been discovered nearer home. The context shows that _cloth_ could not -have been intended, for who ever heard of a table or altar made of cloth? -The truth is that the poet meant _touchstone_, which the author of the -_Glossary of Architecture_ (3rd edit., text and appendix) rightly explains -to be "the dark-coloured stone or marble, anciently used for tombstones. A -musical sound" (it is added) "may be produced by touching it sharply with a -stick." And this is in fact the reason for its name. The author of the -_Glossary of Architecture_ cites _Ben Jonson_ by Gifford, viii. 251., and -_Archaeol._, xvi. 84. - -ALPHAGE. - -Lincoln's Inn. - -{83} - -_The Dodo._--Among the seals, or rather sulphur casts, in the British -Museum, is one of Nicholas Saumares, anno 1400. It represents an esquire's -helmet, from which depends obliquely a shield with the -arms--supporters--dexter a unicorn, sinister a greyhound; crest, a bird, -which from its unwieldy body and disproportionate wings I take to be a -Dodo: and the more probability attaches itself to this conjecture, since -_Dodo_ seems to have been the surname of the Counts de Somery, or Somerie -(query Saumarez), as mentioned in p. 2. of Add. MSS. 17,455. in the British -Museum, and alluded to in a former No. of "N. & Q." This seal, like many -others, is not in such a state of preservation as to warrant the assertion -that we have found a veritable Dodo. I only offer it as a hint to MR. -STRICKLAND and others, that have written so learnedly on this head. Burke -gives a falcon for the crest of Saumarez; but the clumsy form and figure of -this bird does not in any way assimilate with any of the falcon tribe. - -Dodo seems also to have been used as a Christian name, as in the same -volume of MSS. quoted above we find Dodo de Cisuris, &c. - -CLARENCE HOPPER. - -_Francis I._--Mention has been made in "N. & Q." of Francis I.'s celebrated -"Tout est perdu hormis l'honneur!" but the beauty of that phrase is lost in -its real position,--a long letter to Louisa of Savoy, his mother. The -letter is given at full length in Sismondi's _Histoire des Francais_. - -M--A L. - - * * * * * - - -Queries. - -DR. ANTHONY MARSHALL. - -In 1662 Anthony Marshall, D.D., was Rector of Bottesford, in -Leicestershire. Nichols adds a _query_ after his name; whether he were of -the Bishop of Exeter's family? and a _note_, that Anthony Marshall was -created D.D. at Cambridge in 1661 by royal mandate (_Hist. Leic._, vol ii. -p. 77.); and again, Dr. Anthony Marshall preached a Visitation Sermon at -Melton in 1667, Aug. 11. I do not find that any Bishop of Exeter bore the -name of Marshall except Henry Marshall in 1191, of course too far back to -suppose that the Query could refer to him; but I have not introduced this -Note to quarrel with Mr. Nichols, but to ask if this is all that is known -of a man who must, in his day, have attained to considerable eminence. I -more than suspect that this Dr. Marshall was a native of Staveley in -Derbyshire. Sir Peter Frescheville, in his will, dated in 1632, gives to -St. John's College, Cambridge, 50l. "for the buying of bookes to furnish -some one of the desks in the new library lately built and erected in the -said college; and expresses his desire that the said money shall be layed -forth, and the bookes bought, provided, and placed in the said library by -the paines, care, and discression of his two loveing friends, Mr. Robert -Hitch, late Fellow of Trinity College in Cambridge; and Mr. Robert -Marshall, Fellow of St. John's College[5]; or the survivor of them,"--which -last Robert, I suspect, should be Anthony. - -In 1677 Anthony Marshall, D.D., Rector of Bottesford, was a subscriber of -10l. towards a fund then raised for yearly distribution; and there is only -one name precedes his, or subscribes a larger amount, and that is Dr. Hitch -before named. - -Mr. Bagshaw, in his _Spiritualibus Pecci_, 1701, p. 61., referring to -Thomas Stanley, one of the ejected ministers, says: - - "Mr. Stanley was born at Dackmonton, three miles from Chesterfield, - where he had part of his education, as he had another part of it at - Staley, not far from it. His noted schoolmaster was one Mr. Marshall, - whose brother made a speech to King James I." - -Is there any means of corroborating this incident? In 1682 I observe the -name of Dr. Marshall amongst the King's Chaplains in Ordinary, and a Dr. -Marshall (perhaps the same individual) Dean of Gloucester; but whether -identified in the Doctor about whom I inquire, remains a Query. - -U. J. S. - -Sheffield. - -[Footnote 5: [There is a Latin epigram, by R. Marshall of St. John's -College, Cambridge, prefixed to John Hall's _Poems_, published in -1646.--ED.]] - - * * * * * - -LINDIS, MEANING OF. - -We are told by Bede that _Lindisfarne_, now Holy Island, derives the first -part of its name from the small brook Lindis, which at high water is quite -invisible, being covered by the tide, but at low water is seen running -briskly into the sea. Now I should be glad to know the precise meaning of -_Lindis_. We are informed by etymologists, that _Lyn_ or _Lin_, in names of -places, signifies water in any shape, as lake, marsh, or stream: but what -does the adjunct _dis_ mean? Some writers assert that _Lindis_ signifies -the linden-tree; thus making the sound an echo to the meaning: and hence -they assume that Lindesey in Lincolnshire must signify an Isle of -Linden-trees. But it is very doubtful that such a tree ever existed in -Lincolnshire anterior to the Conquest. The _linden_ is rather a rare tree -in England; and the two principal species, the _Tilia Europea_ and the -_Tilia grandifolia_, are said by botanists not to be indigenous to this -country, but to have been introduced into our island at an early period to -adorn the parks of the nobles, and certainly not till after the Conquest. - -Dr. Henry, in his _History of Britain_, vol. iv., gives the meaning of -"Marsh Isle" to Lindsey, and of "Lake Colony" to Lincolnia. This I consider -the most probable signification to a district {84} that abounded in marshes -at that early period, when the rude Briton or the Saxon applied names to -places the most consonant to the aspects they afforded them: nor is it -likely they would give the name of Lindentree to a small brook, where such -a tree never could have grown. - -As to the antiquity of the name of Lindes or Lindesey, I should say -Lindentree must be of comparatively modern nomenclature. I should, however, -be glad to have the opinion of some of your better-informed etymologists on -the meaning of the word, as it may decide a point of some importance in -genealogy. - -J. L. - -Berwick. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries. - -_Smock Marriage in New York._--In a curious old book, entitled _The -interesting Narrative of the Life of Oulandah Equiano, or Gustavus Vassa, -the African, written by himself_, and published in London, by subscription, -in 1789, I find the following passage: - - "While we lay here (New York, A.D. 1784) a circumstance happened which - I thought extremely singular. One day a malefactor was to be executed - on a gallows, but with a condition that if any woman, having nothing on - but her shift, married the man under the gallows, his life was to be - saved. This extraordinary privilege was claimed; a woman presented - herself, and the marriage ceremony was performed."--Vol. ii. p. 224. - -Perhaps some of your New York correspondents can say whether the annals of -that city furnish evidence of so extraordinary an occurrence. - -R. WRIGHT. - -_The broken Astragalus._--Where was the broken astragalus, given by the -host to his guest, first used as the symbol of hospitality? - -C. H. HOWARD. - -_Penardo and Laissa._--Who is the author of a poem (the title-page of which -is wanting) called _The Historye of Penardo and Laissa_, unpaged, in -seventeen caputs, with poems recommendatory, by Drummond of Hawthornden and -others, small 4to., containing many Scotticisms? - -E. D. - -_St. Adulph_ (Vol. v., pp. 566, 567.).--Capgrave, quoting John of Tynemouth -(?), says: - - "Sanctum igitur Adulphum audita ejus fama ad _trajectensem_[6] - ecclesiam in episcopum _rex_ sublimavit." - -Query 1. Who is the "rex" here mentioned? - -Query 2. "Trajecteasem:" ought this to be applied to "Utrecht" or -"Maestricht," or either? Literally, it is "on the other side of the water." - -A. B. - -[Footnote 6: "trajectensem" (passim) corrected from "trajecteasem" by -erratum in Issue 170.--Transcriber.] - -_St. Botulph_ (Vol. v., pp. 566, 567.).--Your correspondent C. W. G. says: - - "His (St. Botulph's) life was first put into regular form by - Fulcard.... Fulcard tells us what his materials were.... An early MS. - of _this_ life is in the Harleian Collection, No. 3097. It was printed - by Capgrave in the _Legenda Nova_." - -Query: _Fulcard's_ life of the saint, or the life by some other person: -John of Tynemouth to wit? - -A. B. - -_Tennyson._--Mr. Gilfillan, in his _Literary Gallery_, speaking of that -fine poem "The Two Voices," says that the following line-- - - "You scarce could see the grass for flowers"-- - P. 308. l. 18., 7th edit. - -is borrowed from one of the old dramatists. Could you or any of your -correspondents tell me what the line is? - -As also the Latin song referred to in "Edwin Morris:" - - "Shall not love to me, - As in the Latin song I learnt at school, - Sneeze out a full God-bless-you right and left?" - P. 231. l. 10., 7th edit. - -My last Tennyson Query is about the meaning of-- - - "She to me - Was proxy-wedded with a bootless calf, - At eight years old." - _Princess_, p. 15. l. 18., 4th edit. - -H. J. J. - -Liverpool. - -_"Ma Ninette," &c._--Can any of your French readers tell me the -continuation, if continuation there be, of the following charming verses; -as also where they come from? - - "Ma Ninette a quatorze ans, - Trois mois quelque chose; - Son teint est un printemps, - Sa bouche une rose." - -H. J. J. - -_Astronomical Query._--You style your paper a medium of communication -between literary men, &c. I trust this does not exclude one of my sex from -seeking information through the same channel. - -We have had additions to our solar system by the discovery of four planets -within the last few years. Supposing that these planets obey the same laws -as the larger ones, they must be at all times apparently moving within the -zodiac; and considering the improvements in telescopes within the last -seventy years, and the great number of scientific observers at all times -engaged in the pursuit of astronomy both in Europe and North America, I am -at a loss to understand why these planets were not discovered before. - -I suppose we may not consider them as new creations attached to our solar -system, because the law of perturbations on which Mr. Herschel {85} -discourses at length, in the eleventh chapter of his _Treatise on -Astronomy_, would seem to demonstrate that they would interfere with the -equilibrium of the solar system. - -Would some of your scientific contributors condescend to explain this -matter, so as to remove the ignorance under which I labour in common with, -I believe, many others? - -LEONORA. - -Liverpool. - -_Chaplains to Noblemen._--Under what statute, if any, do noblemen appoint -their chaplains? and is there any registry of such appointments in any -archiepiscopal or episcopal registry? - -X. - -_"More" Queries._-- - - "When _More_ some years had Chancellor been, - No _more_ suits did remain; - The same shall never _more_ be seen, - Till _More_ be there again." - -I infer from the first lines of this epigram that Sir Thomas More, by his -unremitting attention to the business of the Court of Chancery, had brought -to a close, in his day, the litigation in that department. Is there any -authentic record of this circumstance? - -Are there, at the present day, any male descendants of Sir Thomas More, so -as to render possible the fulfilment of the prophecy contained in the last -two lines? - -HENRY H. BREEN. - -St. Lucia. - -_Heraldic Query._--To what families do the following bearings belong? 1. -Two lions passant, on a chief three spheres (I think) mounted on pedestals; -a mullet for difference. The crest is very like a lily reversed. 2. Ermine, -a bull passant; crest, a bull passant: initials "C. G." - -U. J. S. - -Sheffield. - -_"By Prudence guided," &c._--Can any of the readers of "N. & Q." supply me -with the words deficient in the following lines, and inform me from what -author they are quoted? I met with them on an old decaying tomb in one of -the churchyards in Sheffield: - - "By prudence guided, undefiled in mind, - Of pride unconscious, and of soul refined, - . . . . conquest . . . . . . . . subdue - With . . . . . . . . . . . . . .in view - Here . . . . . . . . the heaven-born flame - Which . . . . . . . from whence it came." - -W. S. (Sheffield.) - -_Lawyers' Bags._--I find it stated by Colonel Landman, in his _Memoirs_, -that prior to the trial of Queen Caroline, the colour of the bags carried -by barristers was green; and that the change to red took place at, or -immediately after, the event in question. I shall be glad of any -information both as to the fact of such change having taken place, and the -circumstances by which it was brought about and accompanied. - -J. ST. J. Y. - -Wellbank. - -_Master Family._--Can you refer me to any one who may be able to give me -information respecting the earlier history of the family of Master or -Maistre, of Kent, prior to 1550: and any suggestions as to its connexion -with the French or Norman family of Maistre or De Maistre? This being a -Query of no public interest, I inclose a stamped envelope, according to the -wish expressed by you in a recent Number. - -GEORGE S. MASTER. - -Welsh-Hampton, Salop. - -_Passage in Wordsworth._--Can any of your correspondents find an _older -original_ for Wordsworth's graceful conceit, in his sonnet on Walton's -lines-- - - "There are no colours in the fairest sky - As fair as these: _the feather whence the pen_ - _Was shaped, that traced the lives of these good men,_ - _Dropt from an angel's wing_"-- - -than the following: - - "whose noble praise - Deserves a quill pluckt from an angel's wing." - - Dorothy Berry, in a Sonnet prefixed to Diana Primrose's _Chain of - Pearl, a Memorial of the peerless Graces, &c. of Queen Elizabeth_: - published London, 1639,--a tract of twelve pages. - -M--A L. - -Edinburgh. - -_Govett Family._--Can you inform me for what town or county Sir ---- -Govett, Bart., was member of parliament in the year 1669, and what were his -armorial bearings? His name appears in the list of members given in page -496. of the Grand Duke Cosmo's _Travels through England_, published in -1821. Is the baronetcy extinct? If so, who was the last baronet, and in -what year? Where he lived, or any other particulars, will much oblige. - -QUAERO. - -_Sir Kenelm Digby._--Why is Sir Kenelm Digby represented, I believe always, -with a sun-flower by his side? - -VANDYKE. - -_Riddles._--It would take up too much of your valuable time and space to -insert all the riddles for which correspondents cannot find answers; but -will you find means to ask, through your pages, if any clever Oedipus would -allow me to communicate to him certain enigmas which puzzle me greatly, and -which I should very much like to have solved. - -RUBI. - -_Straw Bail._--Fielding, in his _Life of Jonathan Wild_, book i. chap. ii., -relates that Jonathan's aunt - - "Charity took to husband an eminent gentleman, whose name I cannot - learn; but who was famous for {86} so friendly a disposition, that he - was bail for above a hundred persons in one year. He had likewise the - remarkable humour[7] of walking in Westminster Hall with a straw in his - shoe." - -What was the practice here referred to, and what is the origin of the -expression "a man of straw," which is commonly applied to any one who -appears, or pretends to be, but is not, a man of property? - -Straw bail is, I believe, a term still used by attorneys to distinguish -insufficient bail from "justifiable" or sufficient bail. - -J. LEWELYN CURTIS. - -[Footnote 7: "humour" corrected from "honour" by erratum in Issue -170.--Transcriber.] - -_Wages in the West in 1642._--The Marquis of Hertford and Lord Poulett were -very active in the West in the year 1642. In the famous collection of -pamphlets in the British Museum (113, 69.) is contained Lord Poulett's -speech at Wells, Somerset: - - "His lordship, with many imprecations, oaths, and execrations (in the - height of fury), said that it was not fit for any yeoman to have - allowed him from his own labours any more than the poor moiety of ten - pounds a-year; and when the power shall be totally on their side, they - shall be compelled to live on that low allowance, notwithstanding their - estates are gotten with a great deal of labour and industry. - - "Upon this the people attempted to lay violent hands upon Lord Poulett, - who was saved by a regiment marching in or by at the moment." - -What was Lord Poulett's precise meaning? Do we not clearly learn from the -above, that the Civil War was due to more than a mere choosing between king -and parliament among the humbler classes of the remote country districts? - -GEORGE ROBERTS. - -_Literary Frauds of Modern Times._--In a work by Bishop (now Cardinal) -Wiseman, entitled _The Connexion between Science and Revealed Religion_, -3rd edition, vol. ii. p. 270., occurs the following remark: - - "The most celebrated literary frauds of modern times, the _History of - Formosa_, or, still more, the _Sicilian Code of Vella_, for a time - perplexed the world, but were in the end discovered." - -Will you, or any of your readers, kindly refer me to any published account -of the frauds alluded to in this passage? I have a faint remembrance of -having read some remarks respecting the _Code of Vella_, but am unable to -recall the circumstances. - -I was under the impression that Chatterton's forgery of the Rowley poems, -Macpherson's of the Ossianic rhapsodies, and Count de Surville's of the -poems of Madame de Surville, were "the most celebrated literary frauds of -modern times." In what respect are those alluded to by Dr. Wiseman entitled -to the unenviable distinction which he claims for them? - -HENRY H. BREEN. - -St. Lucia. - - * * * * * - - -Minor Queries with Answers. - -"_Very like a Whale._"--What is the origin of this expression? It occurs in -the following doggerel verses, supposed to be spoken by the driver of a -cart laden with fish: - - "This salmon has got a tail; - _It's very like a whale_; - It's a fish that's very merry; - They say its catch'd at Derry. - It's a fish that's got a heart; - It's catch'd and put in Dugdale's cart." - -HENRY H. BREEN. - -St. Lucia. - - [This expression occurs in _Hamlet_, Act III. Sc. _2._: - - "_Hamlet._ Do you see yonder cloud, that is almost in shape of a - camel? - _Polonius._ By the mass, and 'tis like a camel, indeed. - _Hamlet._ Methinks it is like a weasel. - _Polonius._ It is backed like a weasel. - _Hamlet._ Or like a whale? - _Polonius._ Very like a whale." - - Since Shakspeare's time, it has been used as a proverb in reply to any - remark partaking of the marvellous.] - -_Wednesday a Litany Day._--Why is Wednesday made a Litany day by the -Church? We all know why Friday was made a fast; but why should Wednesday be -sacred? - -ANON. - - [Wednesdays and Fridays were kept as fasts in the primitive Church: - because on the one our Lord was betrayed, on the other crucified. See - Mant and Wheatley.] - -_"Thy Spirit, Independence," &c._--Could you, or any of your readers, -inform me where are the following lines?-- - - "Thy spirit, Independence, let me share, - Lord of the lion heart and eagle eye! - Thy steps I'll follow with my bosom bare, - Nor heed the storm that howls along the sky." - -I quote from memory. - -H. - - [In Smollett's _Ode to Independence_.] - -_"Hob and nob," Meaning of._--What is the origin of these words as verbs, -in the phrase "Hob or nob," which means, as I need not inform your readers, -to spend an evening tippling with a jolly companion? - -What is the origin of "nob?" And is either of these two words ever used -alone? - -C. H. HOWARD. - -Edinburgh. - - [This phrase, according to Grose, "originated in the days of good Queen - Bess. When great chimnies were in fashion, there was at each corner of - the hearth, or grate, a small elevated projection, called _hob_, and - behind it a seat. In winter-time the beer was placed on the hob to - warm; and the cold beer was set on a small table, said to have been - called the _nob_: so that the {87} question, Will you have hob or nob? - seems only to have meant, Will you have warm or cold beer? _i.e._ beer - from the hob, or beer from the nob." But Nares, in his _Glossary_, s.v. - _Habbe_ or _Nabbe_, with much greater reason, shows that _hob_ or - _nob_, now only used convivially, to ask a person whether he will have - a glass of wine or not, is most evidently a corruption of the old - _hab-nab_, from the Saxon _habban_, to have, and _nabban_, not to have; - in proof of which, as Nares remarks, Shakspeare has used it to mark an - alternative of another kind: - - "And his incensement at this moment is so implacable, that satisfaction - can be none but by pangs of death and sepulchre: _hob, nob_ is his - word; give't or take't."--_Twelfth Night_, Act III. Sc. 4.] - - * * * * * - - -Replies. - -WELLESLEY PEDIGREE. - -(Vol. vi., pp. 508. 585.) - -There is an anxiety to obtain further particulars on this interesting -subject, and I have searched my Genealogical MSS. Collections for such; the -result has extended farther than I could have wished, but, while I am able -to furnish _dates_ and _authorities_ for hitherto naked statements, I have -inserted two or three links of descent not before laid down. - -A member of the Somersetshire Wellesleighs is said to have accompanied -Henry II. to Ireland. - -Walleran or Walter de Wellesley, living in Ireland in 1230 (Lynch, _Feud. -Dig._), witnessed a grant of certain townlands to the Priory of Christ -Church about 1250 (_Registry of Christ Church_); while it is more -effectively stated that he then "endowed the Priory of All Saints with 60 -a. of land, within the manor of Cruagh, _which then belonged, with other -estates, to his family_, and that he gave to the said priory _free common -of pasture, of wood and of turbary, over his whole mountain there_." - -His namesake and son (according to Lynch, _Feud. Dig._), "Walran de -Wylesley," was in 1302 required, as one of the "Fideles" of Ireland, by -three several letters, to do service in the meditated war in Scotland -(_Parl. Writs_, vol. i. p. 363.), and in the following year he was slain -(_MS. Book of Obits, T.C.D._). The peerage books merge these two Wallerans -in one. - -William de Wellesley, who appears to have been son to Walleran, was in 1309 -appointed Constable of the Castle of Kildare (_Rot. Pat. Canc. Hib._), -which he maintained when besieged by the Bruces in their memorable invasion -of Ireland, and their foray over that county. For these and other services -to the state he received many lucrative and honourable grants from the -crown, and was summoned to parliament in 1339. In 1347 he was slain at the -siege of Calais. (_Obits, T.C.D._) - -Sir John de Wellesly, Knight, son of William, having performed great -actions against the O'Tooles and O'Byrnes of Wicklow, had grants of sundry -wardships and other rewards from the year 1335. In 1343 he became one of -the sureties for the appearance of the suspected Earl of Desmond, on whose -flight Sir John's estates were seised to the crown and withheld for some -years. (Lynch's _Feud. Dig._) - -His successor was another John de Wellesley, omitted in the peerage books, -but whose existence is shown by _Close Roll 29 & 30 Edw. III., C. H._ He -died about the year 1355. - -William Wellesley, son of John, was summoned to great councils and -parliaments of Ireland from 1372; he was also entrusted by the king with -various important commissions and custodies of castles, lands, and wards -(_Patent Rolls C. H._). In 1386 he was Sheriff of Kildare, and Henry IV. -renewed his commission in 1403. - -Richard, son and heir of William de Wellesley, as proved by _Rot. Pat. 1 -Henry IV., Canc. Hib._, married Johanna, daughter and heiress of Sir -Nicholas de Castlemartin, by whom the estates of Dangan, Mornington, &c. -passed to the Wellesley family; he and his said wife had confirmation of -their estates in 1422. (_Rot. Pat. 1 Henry VI., C. H._) He had a previous -grant from the treasury by order of the Privy Council, in consideration of -his long services as sheriff of the county of Kildare, and yet more -actively "in the wars of Munster, Meath, and Leinster, with men and horses, -arms and money." (_Rot. Claus. 17 Ric. II., C. H._) In 1431 he was -specially commissioned to advise the crown on the state of Ireland, and was -subsequently selected to take charge of the Castle of Athy, as "the fittest -person to maintain that fortress and key of the country against the malice -of the Irish enemy." (_Rot. Pat. et Claus. 9 Henry VI., C. H._) In -resisting that "malice" he fell soon after. - -The issue of Sir Richard de Wellesley by Johanna were William Wellesley, -who married Katherine ----, and dying in 1441 was succeeded by his next -brother, Christopher Wellesley, whose recorded fealty in the same year -proves all the latter links; his succession to William as brother and heir, -and the titles of Johanna as widow of his father Richard, and of Katherine -as widow of William, to dower off said estates. (_Rot. Claus. 19 Henry -VI._, _C. H._) At and previous to this time, another line of this family, -connected as cousins with the house of Dangan, flourished in the co. -Kildare, where they were recognised as Palatine Barons of Norragh to the -close of the seventeenth century. William Wellesley of Dangan was the son -and heir of Christopher. An (unprinted) act of Edward IV. was passed in -1472 in favour of this William; and his two marriages are stated by Lynch -(_Feud. Dig._): the first was to {88} Ismay Plunkett; the second, to Maud -O'Toole, was contracted under peculiar circumstances. The law of Ireland at -the time prohibited the intermarriages of the English with the natives -without royal licence therefor being previously obtained, and not even did -the licence so obtained wash out the _original sin_ of Irish birth; for, as -in this instance, Maud, having survived her first husband, on marrying her -second, Patrick Hussey, had a fresh licence to legalise that marriage. It -is of record (_Rot. Pat. 21 Henry VII., C. H._), and proves the second -marriage of Sir William clearly: yet it is not noticed in any of the -peerage books, which derive his issue from the first wife, and not from the -second, as Lynch gives it, that issue being Gerald the eldest son, Walter -the second, and Alison a daughter. - -Gerald had a special livery of his estate in 1539; Walter the second son -became Bishop of Kildare in 1531, and died its diocesan in 1539 (see Ware's -_Bishops_); and the daughter Alison intermarried with John Cusack of -Cushington, co. Meath. (Burke's _Landed Gentry_, Supp. p. 88.) - -Gerald, according to all the peerage books, married Margaret, eldest -daughter of Sir Thomas Fitzgerald, who was Lord Chancellor of Ireland in -1483, and had issue William, his eldest son, Lord of Dangan, who married -Elizabeth Cusack, of Portrane, co. Dublin, and died previous to 1551 (as I -believe is proveable by _inquisitions_ of that year in the office of the -Chief Remembrancer, Dublin), leaving Gerald, his eldest son and heir. An -inquiry taken in 1579 as to the extent of the manor of Dangan, finds him -then seised thereof (_Inquis. in C. H. 23 Eliz._). Previous to this he -appears a party in conveyances of record, as in 1564, &c. He had a son -Edward (not mentioned in the peerage books), who joined in a family -conveyance of 1599, and soon after died, leaving a son, Valerian Wellesley. -Gerald himself died in 1603, leaving said Valerian, his grandson and heir, -then aged ten (_Inquis. 5 Jac. I. in Rolls Office_), and _married_, adds -the Inquisition; and Lynch, in his _Feudal Dignities_, gives interesting -particulars of the betrothal of this boy, and his public repudiation of the -intended match on his coming to age. This Valerian is traced through Irish -records to the time of the Restoration; he married first, Maria Cusack (by -whom he had William Wellesley, his eldest son), and, second, Anne Forth, -otherwise Cusack, widow of Sir Ambrose Forth, as shown by an Inquisition of -1637, in the Rolls Office, Dublin. - -William Wellesley, son and heir of Valerian, married Margaret Kempe -(_Peerage Books_), and by her had Gerald Wellesley, who on the Restoration -petitioned to be restored to his estates, and a Decree of Innocence issued, -which states the rights of himself, his father, and his grandfather in -"Dingen." This Gerald married Elizabeth, eldest daughter of Sir Dudley -Colley, and their first daughter was baptized in 1663 by the name of -Margaret, some evidence, in the courtesy of christenings, of Gerald's -mother being Margaret. (_Registry of St. Werburgh's._) Gerald was a suitor -in the Court of Claims in 1703: he left two sons; William the eldest died -_s. p._, and was succeeded by Garrett, his next brother, who died also -without issue in 1728, having bequeathed all the family estates to Richard -Colley, second son of the aforesaid Sir Dudley Colley, and testator's -uncle, enjoining upon said Richard and his heirs male to bear thenceforth, -as they succeeded to the estates, the name and arms of Wellesley. - -This Richard Colley Wellesley married Elizabeth, daughter of John Sale, -LL.D. and M.P., by whom he had issue Garrett Wellesley, born, as the -_Dublin and London Magazine_ for 1735 announces, "19th July," when "the -Lady of Richard Colley Westley was delivered of a son and heir, _to the -great joy of that family_." This son was father of the Marquis Wellesley -and of the DUKE OF WELLINGTON! - -JOHN D'ALTON. - -48. Summer Hill, Dublin. - - * * * * * - -CONSECRATED RINGS FOR EPILEPSY. - -(Vol. vi., p. 603.) - -SIR W. C. T. has opened a very interesting field for inquiry regarding -these blest rings. - -St. Edward, in his last illness (obiit January 5, 1066), gave a ring which -he wore to the Abbot of Westminster. The origin of this ring is surrounded -by much mystery. A pilgrim is said to have brought it to the king, and to -have informed him that St. John the Evangelist had made known to the donor -that the king's decease was at hand. "St. Edward's ring" was kept for some -time at Westminster Abbey, as a relic of the saint, and was applied for the -cure of the falling sickness or epilepsy, and for cramp. From this arose -the custom of our English kings, who were believed to have inherited St. -Edward's powers of cure, solemnly blessing every year rings for -distribution. - -It is said, we know not on what authority, that the ring did not always -remain at Westminster, but that in the chapel of Havering (so called from -_having the ring_), in the parish of Hornchurch, near Rumford in Essex -(once a hunting-seat of the kings), was kept, till the dissolution of -religious houses, the identical ring given by the pilgrim to St. Edward. -Weaver says he saw it represented in a window of Rumford Church. - -These rings seem to have been blessed for two different species of cure: -first, against the falling sickness (comitialis morbus); and, secondly, -against the cramp (contracta membra). For the cure of the king's evil the -sovereign did not bless rings, but continued to _touch_ the patient. {89} - -Good Friday was the day appointed for the blessing of the rings. They were -often called "medijcinable rings," and were made both of gold and silver; -and as we learn from the household books of Henry IV. and Edward IV., the -metal they were composed of was what formed the king's offering to the -cross on Good Friday. The following entry occurs in the accounts of the 7th -and 8th years of Henry IV. (1406): "In oblacionibus Domini Regis factis -adorando Crucem in capella infra manerium suum de Eltham, die Parascevis, -in precio trium nobilium auri et v solidorum sterlyng, xxv s. - -"In denariis solutis pro eisdem oblacionibus reassumptis, pro annulis -medicinalibus inde faciendis, xxv s." - -The prayers used at the ceremony of blessing the rings on Good Friday are -published in Waldron's _Literary Museum_. Cardinal Wiseman has in his -possession a MS. containing both the ceremony for the blessing the cramp -rings, and the ceremony for the touching for the king's evil. At the -commencement of the MS. are emblazoned the arms of Philip and Mary: the -first ceremony is headed, "Certain prayers to be used by the quenes heignes -in the consecration of the crampe rynges." Accompanying it is an -illumination representing the queen kneeling, with a dish, containing the -rings to be blessed, on each side of her. The second ceremony is entitled, -"The ceremonye for y^e heling of them that be diseased with the kynges -evill;" and has its illumination of Mary kneeling and placing her hands -upon the neck of the diseased person, who is presented to her by the clerk; -while the chaplain, in alb and stole, kneels on the other side. The MS. was -exhibited at a meeting of the Archaeological Institute on 6th June, 1851. -Hearne, in one of his manuscript diaries in the Bodleian, lv. 190., -mentions having seen certain prayers to be used by Queen Mary at the -blessing of cramp rings. May not this be the identical MS. alluded to? - -But, to come to W. C. T.'s immediate question, "When did the use of these -blest rings by our sovereigns cease?" The use never ceased till the change -of religion. In addition to the evidence already given of the custom in the -fifteenth century, may be added several testimonies of its continuance all -through the sixteenth century. Lord Berners, when ambassador to the Emperor -Charles V., writing "to my Lord Cardinal's grace" from Saragossa, June 31, -1518, says, "If your grace remember me with some crampe ryngs, ye shall doo -a thing muche looked for; and I trust to bestowe thaym well with goddes -grace." (_Harl. MS._ 295. f. 119. See also Polydore Virgil, _Hist._ i. 8.; -and Harpsfield.) Andrew Boorde, in his _Introduction to Knowledge_, -mentions the blessing of these rings: "The kynges of England doth halow -every yere crampe rynges, y^e which rynges worne on one's finger doth helpe -them whych hath the crampe:" and again, in his _Breviary of Health_, 1557, -f. 166., mentions as a remedy against the cramp, "The kynge's majestie hath -a great helpe in this matter, in halowing crampe ringes, and so given -without money or petition." - -A curious remnant or corruption of the use of cramp rings is given by Mr. -G. Rokewode, who says that in Suffolk "the use of cramp rings, as a -preservative against fits, is not entirely abandoned. Instances occur where -nine young men of a parish each subscribe a crooked sixpence, to be moulded -into a ring, for a young woman afflicted with this malady." (_History, -&c._, 1838, Introd. p. xxvi.) - -CEYREP. - - * * * * * - -TURNER'S VIEW OF LAMBETH PALACE. - -(Vol. vii., p. 15.) - -L. E. X. inquires respecting the first work exhibited by the late J. M. W. -Turner, R.A. The statement of the newspaper referred to was correct. The -first work exhibited by Turner was a water-colour drawing of Lambeth -Palace, and afterwards presented by him to a gentleman of this city, long -since deceased. It is now in the possession of that gentleman's daughter, -an elderly lady, who attaches no little importance to it. The fact is, that -Mr. Turner, when young, was a frequent visitor at her father's house, and -on such terms that her father lent Mr. Turner a horse to go on a sketching -tour through South Wales. This lady has also three or four other drawings -made at that time by Turner,--one a view of Stoke Bishop, near Bristol, -then the seat of Sir Henry Lippincott, Bart., which he made as a companion -to the Lambeth Palace; another is a small portrait of Turner by himself, of -course when a youth. As the early indications of so great an artist, these -drawings are very curious and interesting; but no person that knows -anything of the state of water-colour painting at that period, and previous -to the era when Turner, Girtin, and others began to shine out in that new -and glorious style, that has since brought water-colour works to their -present style of splendour, excellence, and value, will expect anything -approaching the perfection of latter days. - -J. WALTER, Marine Painter. - -28. Trinity Street, Bristol. - -Whether or not the work deemed by L. E. X. to be the first exhibited by -Turner may have been in water-colours, or be still in existence, I leave to -other replicants, availing myself of the occasion to ask him or you, -whether in 1787 two works of W. Turner, at Mr. G. Turner's, Walthamstow, -"No. 471. Dover Castle," "No. 601. Wanstead House," were not, in fact, his -first tilt in that arena of which he was the champion at the hour of his -{90} death? Whether in the two following years he appeared at all in the -ring; and, if not, why not? although in the succeeding 1790 he again threw -down the glaive in the "No. 644. The Archbishop's Palace, Lambeth," being -then set down as "_T._ W. Turner;" reappearing in 1791 as "W. Turner, of -Maiden Lane, Covent Garden," with "No. 494. King John's Palace, Eltham;" -"No. 560. Sweakley, near Uxbridge." In the horizon of art (strange to say, -and yet to be explained!) this luminary glows no more till 1808, when he -had "on the line" (?) several views of Fonthill, as well as the "Tenth -Plague of Egypt," purchased of course by the proprietor of that princely -mansion, as it is found mentioned in Warner's _Walks near Bath_ to be that -same year adorning the walls of one of the saloons. - -J. H. A. - - * * * * * - -ETYMOLOGICAL TRACES OF THE SOCIAL POSITION OF OUR ANCESTORS. - -(Vol. vii., p. 13.) - -I was preparing to answer your correspondent E. S. TAYLOR by a reference to -the conversation between Gurth and Wamba, _Ivanhoe_, chap. i., when a -friend promised to supply me with some additional and fuller information. I -copy from a MS. note that he has placed in my hands: - - "Nec quidem temere contigisse puto quod animalia viva nominibus - Germanicae originis vocemus, quorum tamen carnem in cibum paratam - originis Gallicae nominibus appellamus; puta,--bovem, vaccam, vitulum, - ovem, porcum, aprum, feram, etc. (an ox, a cow, a calf, a sheep, a hog, - a boar, a deer, &c.); sed carnem bubulam, vitulinam, ovinam, porcinam, - aprugnam, ferinam, etc. (beef, veal, mutton, pork, brawn, venison, &c.) - Sed hinc id ortum putaverim, quod Normanni milites pascuis, caulis, - haris, locisque quibus vivorum animalium cura agebatur, parcius se - immiscuerint[8] (quae itaque antiqua nomina retinuerunt) quam macellis, - culinis, mensis, epulis, ubi vel parabantur vel habebantur cibi, qui - itaque nova nomina ab illis sunt adepti."--Preface to Dr. Wallis's - _Grammatica Linguae Anglicanae_, 1653, quoted by Winning, _Comparative - Philology_, p. 270. - -C. FORBES. - -Temple. - -[Footnote 8: "immiscuerint" corrected from "immiscuerunt" by erratum in -Issue 170.--Transcriber.] - -If your correspondent E. S. TAYLOR will refer to the romance of _Ivanhoe_, -he will find in the first chapter a dialogue between Wamba the son of -Witless, and Gurth the son of Beowulph, wherein the subject is fully -discussed as to the change of names consequent on the transmutation of live -stock, under the charge of Saxon herdsmen, into materials for satisfying -the heroic appetites of their Norman rulers. It would be interesting to -know the source from whence Sir Walter Scott derived his ideas on this -subject: whether from some previous writer, or "some odd corner of the -brain." - -A. R. X. - -Paisley. - -See Trench _On Study of Words_ (3rd edit.), p. 65. - -P. J. F. GANTILLON, B.A. - -MR. TAYLOR will find in Pegge's _Anonymiana_, Cent. i. 38., and Cent. vii. -95., allusion to what he inquires after. - -THOS. LAWRENCE. - - * * * * * - -GOLDSMITHS' YEAR-MARKS. - -(Vol. vi., p. 604.) - -In answer to MR. LIVETT'S Query, as to the marks or letters employed by the -Goldsmiths' Company to denote the year in which the plate was -"hall-marked," I subjoin a list of such as I am acquainted with, and which -might with a little trouble be traced to an earlier period: I have also -added a few notes relating to the subject generally, which may interest -many of your readers. - -In the year 1596, the Roman capital A was used; in 1597, B; and so on -alphabetically for twenty years, which would bring us to the letter U, -denoting the year 1615: the alphabet finishing every twenty years with the -letter U or V. The next year, 1616, commences with the Old English letter -[Old English A], and is continued for another twenty years in the Old -English capitals. In 1636 is introduced another alphabet, called Court -alphabet. - - From 1656 to 1675 inclusive, Old English capitals. - 1676 to 1695 " Small Roman letters. - 1696 to 1715 " The Court alphabet. - 1716 to 1735 " Roman capitals. - 1736 to 1755 " Small Roman letters. - 1756 to 1775 " Old English capitals. - 1776 to 1795 " Small Roman letters. - 1796 to 1815 " Roman capitals. - 1816 to 1835 " Small Roman letters. - 1836 to 1855 " Old English capitals. - -The letter for the present year, 1853, being [Old English S]. - -In this list it will appear difficult, at first sight, in looking at a -piece of plate to ascertain its age, to determine whether it was -manufactured between the years 1636 and 1655, or between 1696 and 1715, the -Court hand being used in both these cycles: but (as will presently be -mentioned) instead of the lion passant and leopard's head in the former, we -shall find the lion's head erased, and Britannia, denoting the alteration -of the standard during the latter period. - -The standard of gold, when first introduced into the coinage, was of 24 -carats fine; that is, pure gold. Subsequently, it was 23-1/2 and half -alloy; this, after an occasional debasement by Henry VIII., was fixed at 22 -carats fine and 2 carats alloy by Charles I.; and still continues so, being -{91} called the old standard. In 1798 an act was passed allowing gold -articles to be made of a lower or worse standard, viz., of 18 carats of -fine gold out of 24; such articles were to be stamped with a crown and the -figures 18, instead of the lion passant. - -The standard of silver has always (with the exception of about twenty -years) been 11 oz. 2 dwts., and 18 dwts. alloy, in the pound: this was -termed _sterling_, but very much debased from the latter end of Henry VIII. -to the beginning of Elizabeth's reign. In the reign of William III., 1697, -an act was passed to alter the standard of silver to 11 oz. 10 dwts., and -10 dwts. alloy: and instead of the usual marks of the lion and leopard's -head, the stamps of this better quality of silver were the figure of a -lion's head erased, and the figure of Britannia: and the variable letter -denoting the date as before. This act continued in operation for twenty-two -years, being repealed in 1719, when the standard was again restored. - -A duty of sixpence per ounce was imposed upon plate in 1719, which was -taken off again in 1757; in lieu of which, a licence or duty of forty -shillings was paid by every vendor of gold or silver. In 1784, a duty of -sixpence per ounce was again imposed, and the licence still continued: -which in 1797 was increased to one shilling, and in 1815 to -eighteenpence--at which it still remains. The payment of this duty is -indicated by the stamp of the sovereign's head. - -All gold plate, with the exception of watch-cases, pays a duty of seventeen -shillings per ounce; and silver plate one shilling and sixpence; -watch-cases, chains, and a few other articles being exempted. - -The letters used as dates in the foregoing list (it must be remembered) are -only those of the Goldsmiths' Hall in London, as denoted by the leopard's -head crowned. Other Halls, at York, Newcastle, Lincoln, Norwich, Bristol, -Salisbury, and Coventry, had also marks of their own to show the year; and -have stamped gold and silver since the year 1423, perhaps earlier. -Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Dublin have had the same privilege from a very -early period: and, more recently, Chester, Birmingham, and Sheffield. Thus -it will be seen that four marks or punches are used on gold and silver -plate, independent of the makers' initials or symbol, viz.: - -_The Standard Mark._--For gold of the old standard of 22 carats, and silver -of 11 oz. 2 dwts.: - - A lion passant for England. - A thistle for Edinburgh. - A lion rampant for Glasgow. - A harp crowned for Ireland. - -For gold of 18 carats: - - A crown, and the figures 18. - -For silver of 11 oz. 10 dwts.: - - A lion's head erased, and Britannia. - -_The Hall Mark._-- - - A leopard's head crowned for London. - A castle for Edinburgh. - Hibernia for Dublin. - Five lions and a cross for York. - A castle for Exeter. - Three wheatsheaves and a dagger for Chester. - Three castles for Newcastle. - An anchor for Birmingham. - A crown for Sheffield. - A tree and fish for Glasgow. - -_The Duty Mark._--The head of the sovereign, to indicate that the duty has -been paid: this mark is not placed on watch-cases, &c. - -_The Date Mark_, or variable letter, denoting the year as fixed by each -Hall. - -W. CHAFFERS, Jun. - -Old Bond Street. - -The table inquired for by MR. LIVETT, with a most interesting historical -paper on the subject, was published in the last _Archaeological Journal_, -October, 1852. - -H. T. ELLACOMBE. - - * * * * * - -EDITIONS OF THE PRAYER-BOOK PRIOR TO 1662. - -(Vol. vi., pp. 435. 564.; Vol. vii., p. 18.) - -Since the publication of the professedly imperfect list of various editions -of the Prayer-Book, at page 564. of your last volume, which list was -compiled chiefly from liturgical works in my own possession, I have had -occasion to consult the _Catalogue_ of the British Museum, from which I -have gleaned materials for a more full and correct enumeration. All the -editions in the following list are in the library of the British Museum; -and in order to increase its value and utility, I have appended to each -article the press-mark by which it is now designated. In some of these -press-marks a numeral is subscript, thus: - - C. 25. h. 7. - ------------ - 1 - -In order to save space I have represented this in the following list thus, -(C. 25. h. 7) 1., putting the subscript numeral outside the parenthesis. - - 1552. (?) 4to. B. L. N. Hyll for A. Veale. (3406. c.) - 1573. (?) fol. R. Jugge. (C. 24. m. 5.) 1. - 1580. (?) 8vo. Portion of Prayer-Book. (3406. a.) - 1584. 4to. Portion of Prayer-Book. (1274. b. 9.) - 1595. fol. Deputies of Ch. Barker. (C. 25. m. 5.) 2. - 1596. 4to. (C. 25 h. 7.) 1. - 1598. fol. (C. 25. 1. 10.) 1. - 1603. (?) 4to. Imperfect. (1275. b. 11.) 1. - 1611. 4to. (1276. e 4.) 1. - 1612. 8vo. (3406. a.) - 1613. 4to. (3406. c.) - {92} - 1614. 4to. Portion of Prayer-Book. (3406. c.) 1. - 1615. Fol. (3406. e.) 1. - 4to. (1276. e. 8.) 1. - 1616. Fol. (1276. k. 3.) 1. - Fol. (1276. k. 4.) 1. - 1618. 4to. Portion of Prayer-Book. (3407. c.) - 1619. Fol. (3406. e.) 1. - 1628. 8vo. (3050. a.) 1. - 1629. 4to. (1276. f. 3.) 1. - 1630-29. Fol. (3406. e.) 1. - 1631. 4to. (1276. f. 1.) 1. - 1633. 12mo. (3405. a.) 1. - 8vo. (1276. b. 14.) 1. - 1633-34. Fol. (3406. f.) (With the "Form of Healing," two leaves.) - 1634. 8vo. (3406. b.) 1. - 1636. 4to. (1276. f. 4.) 2. - 1639. 8vo. (3050. b.) 1. - 8vo. (1274. a. 14.) 1. - 1642. (?) 8vo. (1276. c. 2.) 3. - 1642. 12mo. (3405. a.) - 1660. 12mo. (3406. b.) 1. - -In Latin we have an early copy in addition to those already noted, viz.: - - 1560. Reg. Wolfe. 4to. (3406. c.) - -Of which the British Museum possesses two copies of the same press-mark, -one of which is enriched with MS. notes and sixteen cancelled leaves. -Besides the above we have also - - 1589. 8vo. London. In French. - 1599. 4to. London. Deputies of Ch. Barker. In Welsh. - -Allow me to take this opportunity of thanking ARCHDEACON COTTON for his -very valuable communication. I trust that he and others of your many -learned readers will lend a helping hand to the correction of this list, -and its ultimate completion; the notice of the editions of 1551 and 1617 -(Vol. vii., p. 18.) is as interesting as it is important. It will be -perceived that editions of the Prayer-Book referred to in former lists are -not enumerated in the present one. - -W. SPARROW SIMPSON, B.A. - - * * * * * - -PHOTOGRAPHIC NOTES AND QUERIES. - -_Originator of the Collodion Process._--All those who take any interest in -photography must agree with your correspondent G. C. that M. Le Gray is a -talented man, and has done much for photography. G. C. has given a very -good translation of M. Le Gray's _last published work_, p. 89., which work -I have: but I must take leave to observe, that it is no contradiction -whatever to my statement. The translations to which M. Le Gray alludes, of -1850, appeared in Willat's publication, from which I gave him the credit of -having first suggested the use of collodion in photography. The subject is -there dismissed in three or four lines. - -M. Le Gray gave no directions whatever for its application to glass in his -work published in July 1851, wherein he alludes to it only as an -"encallage" for paper, classing it with amidou, the resins, &c., which he -recommends in a similar manner. - -I had, four months previous to this, published the process in detail in the -_Chemist_. I never asserted that he had not tried experiments with -collodion in 1849; but he did not give the public the advantage of -following him: and I again repeat that the first time M. Le Gray published -the collodion process was in September, 1852,--a year and a half after my -publication, and when it had become much used. - -It is obvious that if M. Le Gray had been in possession of any detailed -process with collodion on glass in 1850, he would not have omitted to -publish it in his work dated July, 1851. - -F. SCOTT ARCHER. - -105. Great Russell Street, Bloomsbury. - -G. C., claiming for Le Gray the merit of the first use of collodion upon -glass, states that a pamphlet upon the subject was published in 1850, and -which was _translated into English at the same time_. Will he oblige me by -stating who published this pamphlet, or where it may be obtained? I have -heard this statement before, and have used every endeavour to obtain a -sight of the publication, but without success. Were the facts as stated by -your correspondent, it would deprive MR. ARCHER undoubtedly of the merit -which he claims; but from all I have been able to learn, Le Gray mentioned -collodion as a mere agent for obtaining a smooth surface to paper, or other -substance, having no idea of making it the sole sensitive substance to be -employed. I have been informed that in Vienna, early in 1850, collodion was -tried upon glass by being first immersed in a bath of iodide of potassium; -and it was afterwards placed in a second bath of nitrate of silver. These -experiments had _very limited_ success, and were never published, and -certainly were unknown to MR. ARCHER. - -H. W. D. - -_Mr. Weld Taylor's Process._--In your 167th Number (Vol. vii., p. 48.) is a -communication from WELD TAYLOR on photographic manipulation, which, in its -present form, is perfectly unintelligible. At p. 48. he says: "Twenty -grains of nitrate of silver in half an ounce of water is to have half an -ounce of solution of iodide of potassium of fifty grains to the ounce -added." Now this is unnecessarily mystifying. Why not say: "Take equal -quantities of a forty-grain solution of nitrate of silver, and of a -fifty-grain solution of iodide of potassium;" though, in fact, an _equal_ -strength would do as well, and be quite as, if not more, economical. - -In the next place, he directs that cyanide of potassium should be added -_drop by drop_, &c. It {93} is to be presumed that he means a _solution_ of -this salt, which is a solid substance as usually sold. - -What follows is so exceedingly droll, that I can do nothing more than -_guess_ at the meaning. How one _solution_ is to be floated on another, and -then, _after_ a bath of nitrate of silver, is to be _ready for the camera_, -surpasses my comprehension. - -Also, further on, he alludes to _iodizing_ with the _ammonio-nitrate_ (I -presume of silver). What does he mean? - -GEO. SHADBOLT. - -_Dr. Diamond's Services to Photography._--SIR, We, the undersigned amateurs -of Photography in the city of Norwich, shall be obliged if you will -(privately, or otherwise, at your own discretion) convey to DR. DIAMOND our -grateful thanks for the frankness and liberality with which he has -published the valuable results of his experiments in the pages of "N. & Q." -We have profited largely by DR. DIAMOND'S instructions, and beg to express -our conviction that he is entitled to the gratitude of every lover of the -Art. - - We are, Sir, - Your obedient servants, - T. LAWSON SISSON, Clk., (Edingthorpe Rectory). - THOS. D. EATON. - JOHN CROSSE KOOPE. - JAMES HOWES. - T.G. BAYFIELD. - G. BROWNFIELD. - HENRY PULLEY. - W. BRANSBY FRANCIS. - J. BLOWERS (Cossey). - BENJ. RUSSELL. - - [Agreeing, as we do most entirely, with the Photographers of Norwich in - their estimate of the skill and perseverance exhibited by DR. DIAMOND - in simplifying the collodion and paper processes, and of his liberality - in making known the results of his experiments, we have great pleasure - in giving publicity to this recognition of the services rendered by DR. - DIAMOND to this important Art.] - -_Simplification of the Wax-paper Process._--At a late meeting of the -Chemical Discussion Society, Mr. J. How read the following paper on this -subject:-- - -"The easiest way of waxing the paper is to take an iron (those termed -'box-irons' are the cleanest and best for the purpose) moderately hot, in -the one hand, and to pass it over the paper from side to side, following -closely after it with a piece of white wax, held in the other hand, until -the whole surface has been covered. By thus heating the paper, it readily -imbibes the wax, and becomes rapidly saturated with it. The first sheet -being finished, I place two more sheets of plain paper upon it, and repeat -the operation upon the top one (the intermediate piece serving to absorb -any excess of wax that may remain), and so on, sheet after sheet, until the -number required is waxed. - -"The sheets, which now form a compact mass, are separated by passing the -iron, moderately heated, over them; then placed between folds of bibulous -paper, and submitted to a further application of heat by the means just -described, so as to remove all the superfluous wax from the surface, and -render them perfectly transparent--most essential points to be attended to -in order to obtain fine negative proofs. - -"I will now endeavour to describe the method of preparing the iodizing -solution. - -"Instead of being at the trouble of boiling rice, preparing isinglass, -adding sugar of milk and the whites of eggs, &c., I simply take some milk -quite fresh, say that milked the same day, and add to it, drop by drop, -glacial acetic acid, in about the proportion of one, or one and a half -drachm, fluid measure, to the quart, which will separate the caseine, -keeping the mixture well stirred with a glass rod all the time; I then boil -it in a porcelain vessel to throw down the remaining caseine not previously -coagulated, and also to drive off as much as possible of the superfluous -acid it may contain. Of course any other acid would precipitate the -caseine; still I give the preference to the acetic from the fact that it -does not affect the after-process of rendering the paper sensitive, that -acid entering into the composition of the sensitive solution. - -"After boiling for five or ten minutes, the liquid should be allowed to -cool, and then be strained through a hair sieve or a piece of muslin, to -collect the caseine: when quite cold, the chemicals are to be added. - -"The proportions I have found to yield the best results are those -recommended by Vicomte Veguz, which I have somewhat modified, both as -regard quantities and the number of chemicals employed. They are as follow: - - 385 grains of iodide of potassium. - 60 " of bromide. - 30 " of cyanide. - 20 " of fluoride. - 10 " of chloride of sodium in crystals. - 1-1/2 " of resublimed iodine. - -"The above are dissolved in thirty-five ounces of the strained liquid, and, -after filtration through white bibulous paper, the resulting fluid should -be perfectly clear and of a bright lemon colour. - -"The iodized solution is now ready for use, and may be preserved, in -well-stopped bottles, for any length of time. - -"The waxed paper is laid in the solution, in a flat porcelain or gutta -percha tray, in the manner described by M. Le Gray and others, and allowed -to remain there for from half an hour to an hour, according to the -thickness of the paper. It is then taken out and hung up to dry, when it -should be of a light brown colour. All these operations may be carried on -in a light room, taking care only that, during the latter part of the -process, {94} the paper be not exposed to the direct rays of the sun. - -"The 'iodized paper,' which will keep for almost any length of time, should -be placed in a portfolio, great care being taken to lay it perfectly flat, -otherwise the wax is liable to crack, and thus spoil the beauty of the -negative. The papers manufactured by Canson Freres and Lacroix are far -preferable, for this process, to any of the English kinds, being much -thinner and of a very even texture. - -"To render the paper sensitive, use the following solution: - - 150 grains nitrate of silver crystals. - 3 fluid drachms glacial acetic acid, crystallizable. - 5 ounces distilled water. - -"This solution is applied in the way described by Le Gray, the marked side -of the paper being towards the exciting fluid. The paper is washed in -distilled water and dried, as nearly as possible, between folds of bibulous -paper. It should be kept, till required for the camera, in a portfolio, -between sheets of stout blotting-paper, carefully protected from the -slightest ray of light, and from the action of atmospheric air. If prepared -with any degree of nicety, it will remain sensitive for two or three weeks: -indeed I have seen some very beautiful results on paper which had been kept -for a period of six weeks. At this time of year, an exposure in the camera -of from ten to twenty minutes is requisite. - -"The picture may be developed with gallic acid, immediately after its -removal from the camera; or, if more convenient, that part of the process -may be delayed for several days. Whilst at this section of my paper, I may, -perhaps, be allowed to describe a method of preparing the solution of -gallic acid, whereby it may be kept, in a good state of preservation, for -several months. I have kept it myself for four months, and have found it, -after the lapse of that period, infinitely superior to the newly-made -solution. This process has, I am informed, been alluded to in photographic -circles; but not having seen it in print, and presuming the fact to be one -of great practical importance, I trust I shall be excused for introducing -it here, should it not possess that degree of novelty I attribute to it. - -"What is generally termed a saturated solution of gallic acid is, I am led -to believe, nothing of the kind. In all the works on photography, the -directions given run generally as follow:--'Put an excess of gallic acid -into distilled water, shake the mixture for about five minutes, allow it to -deposit, and then pour off the supernatant fluid, which is found to be a -saturated solution of the acid.' - -"Now I have found by constant experiment, that by keeping an excess of acid -in water for several days, the strength of the solution is greatly -increased, and its action as a developing agent materially improved. The -method I have adopted is to put half an ounce of crystallized gallic acid -into a stoppered quart bottle, and then so to fill it up with water as -that, when the stopper is inserted, a little of the water is displaced, -and, consequently, every particle of air excluded. - -"The solution thus prepared will keep for several months. When a portion of -it is required, the bottle should be refilled with fresh distilled water, -the same care being taken to exclude every portion of atmospheric air,--to -the presence of which I am led to believe, is due the decomposition of the -ordinary solution of gallic acid. - -"It will be needless to detain you further in explaining the -after-processes, &c. to be found in any of the recent works on the -Waxed-paper Process, the translation of the last edition of Le Gray being -the one to which I give the preference." - - * * * * * - -THE BURIAL SERVICE SAID BY HEART. - -(Vol. vii., p. 13.) - -Southey has confounded two stories in conjecturing that the anecdote -mentioned by Bp. Sprat related to Bull. It was the _baptismal_ and not the -_funeral_ service that Bull repeated from memory. - -I quote from his _Life_ by Robert Nelson: - - "A particular instance of this happened to him while he was minister of - St. George's (near Bristol); which, because it showeth how valuable the - Liturgy is in itself, and what unreasonable prejudices are sometimes - taken up against it, the reader will not, I believe, think it unworthy - to be related. - - "He was sent for to baptize the child of a Dissenter in his parish; - upon which occasion, he made use of the office of Baptism as prescribed - by the Church of England, which he had got entirely by heart. And he - went through it with so much readiness and freedom and yet with so much - gravity and devotion, and gave that life and spirit to all that he - delivered, that the whole audience was extremely affected with his - performance; and, notwithstanding that he used the sign of the cross, - yet they were so ignorant of the offices of the Church, that they did - not thereby discover that it was the Common Prayer. But after that he - had concluded that holy action, the father of the child returned him a - great many thanks; intimating at the same time with how much greater - edification they prayed who entirely depended upon the Spirit of God - for his assistance in their _extempore_ effusions, than those did who - tied themselves up to premeditated forms; and that, if he had not made - the sign of the cross, that badge of Popery, as he called it, nobody - could have formed the least objection against his excellent Prayers. - Upon which, Mr. Bull, hoping to recover him from his ill-grounded - prejudices, showed him the office of Baptism in the Liturgy, wherein - was contained every prayer that was offered up to God on that occasion; - which, with farther arguments that he then urged, so effectually {95} - wrought upon the good man and his whole family, that they always after - that time frequented the parish-church; and never more absented - themselves from Mr. Bull's communion."--Pp. 39--41., Lond. 1714, 8vo. - -Some few dates will prove that Bull could not have been the person alluded -to. Bp. Sprat's _Discourse to the Clergy of his Diocese_ was delivered in -the Year 1695. And he speaks of the minister of the London parish as one -who "was afterwards an eminent Bishop of our Church." We must therefore -suppose him to have been _dead_ at the time of Bp. Sprat's visitation. Now, -in the first place (as J. K. remarks), "Bull never held a London cure." -And, in the second place, he was not consecrated Bishop until the 29th of -April, 1705 (ten years after Bp. Sprat's visitation), and did not die until -Feb. 1709-10. (_Life_, pp. 410--474.) - -Southey's conjecture is therefore fatally wrong. And now as regards Bp. -Hacket. The omission of the anecdote from the _Life_ prefixed to his -_Sermons_ must, I think, do away with his claims also, though he was -restored to his parish of St. Andrew's, Holborn, and was not consecrated -Bishop of Lichfield until December, 1661. Unfortunately, I have not always -followed Captain Cuttle's advice, or I should now be able to contribute -some more decisive information. I have my own suspicions on the matter, but -am afraid to guess in print. - -RT. - -Warmington. - -The prelate to whom your correspondent alludes was Dr. John Hacket, Rector -of St. Andrews, Holborn, cons. to the see of Lichfield and Coventry on -December 22, 1661. The anecdote was first related by Granger. (Chalmers's -_Biog. Dict._, vol. xvii. p. 7.) - -Bishop Bull, while rector of St. George's near Bristol, said the Baptismal -Office by heart on one occasion. (Nelson's _Life_, i. s. ix. p. 34.; -_Works_, Oxford, 1827.) - -MACKENZIE WALCOTT, M.A. - - * * * * * - - -Replies to Minor Queries. - -_Mary Queen of Scots' Gold Cross_ (Vol. vi., p. 486.).-- - - "Would it not facilitate the identification of the Gold Cross of Mary - Queen of Scotts, in the possession of Mr. Price of Glasgow, if a - representation of it was sent to _The Illustrated London News_, as the - publication of it by that Journal would lead antiquaries to the - identification of a valuable historical relic?" - -I hope you will insert the above in "N. & Q." in the hope it may meet the -eye of MR. PRICE, and lead to a satisfactory result. - -W. H. C. - -_Jennings Family_ (Vol. vi., p. 362.).--This family is supposed to have -continued from some time in Cornwall, after the Visitation of 1620; but the -name is not now found there in any great respectability. William Jennings -of Saltash was sheriff of Cornwall, 1678; but his arms differ from those of -the Visitation: argent, a chevron gules between three mariners, plumets -sable. - -Francis Jennnings, who recorded the pedigree of 1620, married the daughter -of _Spoure_ of Trebartha; and in a MS. book of that family, compiled about -the latter part of the seventeenth century, the same arms, strange to say, -are stated to be his, and not the lion rampant of the Jennings of -Shropshire. This seems to support the hypothesis that William Jennings, the -sheriff, was the same family. The _Spoure_ MSS. also mention "Ursula, -sister of Sir William Walrond of Bradfield, Devon, who married first, -William Jennings of _Plymouth_ (query, the sheriff?), and afterwards the -Rev. William Croker, Rector of Wolfrey (Wolfardisworthy?) Devon." - -PERCURIOSUS. - -_Adamson's "England's Defence"_ (Vol. vi., p. 580.) is well worth attention -at the present time; as is also its synopsis before publication, annexed to -_Stratisticos, by John Digges, Muster Master_, &c., 4to., 1590, and filling -pp. 369. to 380. of that curious work, showing the wisdom of our ancestors -on the subject of invasion by foreigners. - -E. D. - -_Chief Justice Thomas Wood_ (Vol. vii., p. 14.).--In Berry's _Hampshire -Visitation_ (p. 71.), Thomas Wood is mentioned as having married a daughter -of Sir Thomas de la More, and as having had a daughter named Elizabeth, who -married Sir Thomas Stewkley of Aston, Devon, knight. - -I am as anxious as N. C. L. to know something about Thomas Wood's lineage; -and shall be obliged by his telling me where it is said that he built Hall -O'Wood. - -EDWARD FOSS. - -_Aldiborontiphoscophornio_ (Vol. vii., p. 40.).--This euphonious and -formidable name will be found in _The Most Tragical Tragedy that ever was -Tragidized by any Company of Tragedians_, viz., _Chrononhotonthologos_, -written by "Honest merry Harry Carey," who wrote also _The Dragon of -Wantley_, a burlesque opera (founded on the old ballad of that name), _The -Dragoness_ (a sequel to _The Dragon_), &c. &c. While the public were -applauding his dramatic drolleries and beautiful ballads (of which the most -beautiful is "Sally in our Alley"), their unhappy author, in a fit of -despondency, destroyed himself at his lodgings in Warner Street, -Clerkenwell. There is an engraving by Faber, in 1729, of Harry Carey, from -a painting by Worsdale (the celebrated Jemmy!); which is rare. - -GEORGE DANIEL. - - [We are indebted to several other correspondents for replies to the - Query of F. R. S.] - -{96} - -_Statue of St Peter at Rome_ (Vol. vi., p. 604.).--This well-known bronze -statue is falsely stated to be a Jupiter converted. It is very far from -being true, though popularly it passes as truth, that the statue in -question is the ancient statue of Jupiter Capitolinus, with certain -alterations. - -Another commonly-received opinion regarding this statue is, that it was -cast for a St. Peter, _but of the metal of the statue of Jupiter -Capitolinus_. But this can scarcely be true, for Martial informs us that in -his own time the statue of the Capitoline Jupiter was not of bronze but of -_gold_. - - "Scriptus et aeterno nunc primum Jupiter _auro_." - Lib. xi. Ep. iv. - -Undoubtedly the statue was cast for a St. Peter. It was cast in the time of -St. Leo the Great (440-461), and belonged to the ancient church of St. -Peter's. St. Peter has the nimbus on his head; the first two fingers of the -right hand are raised in the act of benediction; the left hand holds the -keys, and the right foot projects from the pedestal. The statue is seated -on a pontifical chair of white marble. - -CEYREP. - -_Old Silver Ornament_ (Vol. vi., p. 602.).--This ornament is very probably -what your correspondent infers it is,--a portion of some military -accoutrement: if so, it may have appertained to some Scotch regiment. It -represents precisely the badge worn by the baronets of Nova Scotia, the -device upon which was the saltier of St. Andrew, with the royal arms of -Scotland on an escutcheon in the centre; the whole surrounded by the motto, -and ensigned with the royal crown. The insignia of the British orders of -knighthood are frequently represented in the ornaments upon the military -accoutrements of the present day. - -EBOR. - -"_Plurima, pauca, nihil_," (Vol. vi., p. 511.).--A correspondent asks for -the first part of an epigram which ends with the words "plurima, pauca, -nihil." He is referred to an epigram of Martial, which _I_ cannot find. But -I chance to remember two epigrams which were affixed to the statue of -Pasquin at Rome, in the year 1820, upon two Cardinals who were candidates -for the Popedom. They run as follows, and are smart enough to be worth -preserving: - - "PASQUINALIA. - - "Sit bonus, et fortasse pius--sed semper ineptus-- - Vult, meditatur, agit, _plurima, pauca, nihil_." - - "IN ALTERUM. - - "Promittit, promissa negat, ploratque negata, - Haec tria si junges, quis neget esse Petrum." - -A. BORDERER. - -_"Pork-pisee" and "Wheale"_ (Vol. vi., p. 579.).--Has not MR. WARDE, in his -second quotation, copied the word wrongly--"pork-pisee" for pork-_pesse_? A -porpoise is the creature alluded to; or _porpesse_, as some modern -naturalists spell it. "Wheale" evidently means _whey_: the former -expression is probably a provincialism. - -JAYDEE. - -_Did the Carians use Heraldic Devices?_ (Vol. vi., p. 556.).--Perhaps the -following, from an heraldic work of Dr. Bernd, professor at the University -of Bonn, may serve to answer the Queries of MR. BOOKER. - -Herodotus ascribes the first use, or, as he expresses it, the invention of -signs on shields, which we call arms, and of the supporter or handle of the -shield, which till then had been suspended by straps from the neck, as well -as of the tuft of feathers or horse-hair on the helmet, to the Carians; in -which Strabo agrees with him, and, as far as regards the supporters and -crest, Aelian also: - - "Herodot schrieb den ersten Gebrauch, oder wie er sich ausdrueckt, die - Erfindung der Zeichen auf Schilden, die wir Wappen nennen, wie auch der - Halter oder Handhaben an den Schilden, die bis dahin nur an Riemen um - den Nacken getragen wurden, und die Buesche von Federn oder Rosshaaren - auf den Helmen, den Cariern zu, worin ihm Strabo (_Geogr._ 14. I. s. - 27.), und was die Handhaben und Helmbuesche betrifft, auch Aelian - (_Hist. Animal._ 12. 30.), beistimmen."--Bernd's _Wappenwissen der - Griechen und Roemer_, p. 4. Bonn, 1841. - -On Thucydides i. 8., where mention is made of Carians disinterred by the -Athenians in the island of Delos, the scholiast, evidently referring to the -passage cited by MR. BOOKER, says: - - [Greek: Kares protoi heuron tous omphalous ton aspidon, kai tous - lophous. tois oun apothneskousi sunethapton aspidiskion mikron kai - lophon, semeion tes heureseos.] - -From Plutarch's _Artaxerxes_ (10.) may be inferred, that the Carian -standard was a cock; for the king presented the Carian who slew Cyrus with -a golden one, to be thenceforth carried at the head of the troop. - -For full information on the heraldry of the ancients, your correspondent -can scarcely do better than consult the above-quoted work of Dr. Bernd. - -JOHN SCOTT. - -Norwich. - -_Herbert Family_ (Vol. vi., p. 473.).--The celebrated picture of Lord -Herbert of Cherbury by Isaac Oliver, at Penshurst, represents him with a -small swarthy countenance, dark eyes, very dark black hair, and mustachios. -All the Herberts whom I have seen are dark-complexioned and black-haired. -This is the family badge, quite as much as the unmistakeable nose in the -descendants of John of Gaunt. - -E. D. - -_Children crying at Baptism_ (Vol. vi., p. 601.).--I am inclined to suspect -that the idea of its being lucky for a child to cry at baptism arose {97} -from the custom of _exorcism_, which was retained in the Anglican Church in -the First Prayer-Book of King Edward VI., and is still commonly observed in -the baptismal services of the Church of Rome. When the devil was going out -of the possessed person, he was supposed to do so with reluctance: "The -spirit cried, and rent him sore, and came out of him: and he was as one -dead; insomuch that many said, He is dead." (St. Mark, ix. 26.) The tears -and struggles of the infant would therefore be a convincing proof that the -Evil One had departed. In Ireland (as every clergyman knows) nurses will -decide the matter by pinching the baby, rather than allow him to remain -silent and unlachrymose. - -RT. - -Warmington. - -_Americanisms_ (Vol. vi., p. 554.).--The word _bottom_, applied as your -correspondent UNEDA remarks, is decidedly an English provincialism, of -constant use now in the clothing districts of Gloucestershire, which are -called "The Bottoms," whether mills are situated there or not. - -E. D. - -_Dutch Allegorical Picture_ (Vol. vi., p. 457.).--In the account I gave you -of this picture I omitted one of the inscriptions, which I but just -discovered; and as the picture appears to have excited some interest in -Holland (my account of it having been translated into Dutch[9], in the -_Navorscher_), I send you this further supplemental notice. - -I described a table standing under the window, on the left-hand side of the -room, containing on the end nearest to the spectator, not two pewter -flagons, as I at first thought, but one glass and one pewter flagon. On the -end of this table, which is presented to the spectator, is an inscription, -which, as I have said, had hitherto escaped my notice, having been -partially concealed by the frame--a modern one, not originally intended for -this picture, and partly obscured by dirt which had accumulated in the -corner. I can now make out very distinctly the following words, with the -date, which fixes beyond a question the age of the picture: - - "Hier moet men gissen - Glasen te wasser - Daer in te pissen - En sou niet passen. - 1659." - -I may also mention, that the floor of the chamber represented in the -picture is formed of large red and blue square tiles; and that the folio -book standing on end, with another lying horizontally on the top of it, -which I said in my former description to be standing on the end of the -table, under the window, is, I now see, standing not on the table, but on -the floor, next to the chair of the grave and studious figure who sits in -the left-hand corner of the room. - -These corrections of my first description have been in a great measure the -result of a little soap and water applied with a sponge to the picture. - -JAMES H. TODD, D.D. - -Trin. Coll., Dublin. - -[Footnote 9: With some corrections in the reading of the inscriptions.] - -_Myles Coverdale_ (Vol. vi., p. 552.).--I have a print before me which is -intended to represent the exhumation of Coverdale's body. The following is -engraved beneath: - - "The Remains of Myles Coverdale, Bishop of Exeter, as they appeared in - the Chancel of the Church of St. Bartholomew, near the Exchange. Buried - Feb. 1569. Exhumed 23d Sept. 1840. - - Chabot, Zinco., Skinner Street." - -If I am not mistaken, his remains were carried to the church of St. Magnus, -near London Bridge, and re-interred. - -W. P. STORER. - -Olney, Bucks. - - * * * * * - - -Miscellaneous. - -NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC. - -One of the most beautifully got up cheap publications which we have seen -for a long time, is the new edition of Byron's _Poems_, just issued by Mr. -Murray. It consists of eight half-crown volumes, which may be separately -purchased, viz. Childe Harold, one volume; Tales and Poems, one volume; and -the Dramas, Miscellanies, and Don Juan, &c., severally in two volumes. Mr. -Murray has also made another important contribution to the cheap literature -of the day in the republication, in a cheap and compendious form, of the -various Journals of Sir Charles Fellows, during those visits to the East to -which we owe the acquisition of the Xanthian Marbles. The present edition -of his _Travels and Researches in Asia Minor, and more particularly in the -Province of Lycia_, as it embraces the substance of all Sir Charles's -various journals and pamphlets, and only omits the Greek and Lycian -inscriptions, and lists of plants and coins, and such plates as were not -capable of being introduced into the present volume, will, we have no -doubt, be acceptable to a very numerous class of readers, and takes its -place among the most interesting of the various popular narratives of -Eastern travel. - -Most of our readers will probably remember the memorable remark of Lord -Chancellor King, that "if the ancient discipline of the Church were lost, -it might be found in all its purity in the Isle of Man." Yet -notwithstanding this high eulogium on the character of the saintly Bishop -Wilson, it is painful to find that his celebrated work, _Sacra Privata_, -has hitherto been most unjustifiably treated and mutilated, as was noticed -in our last volume, p. 414. But here we have before us, in a beautifully -printed edition of this valuable work, the good bishop _himself_, what he -thought, and {98} what he wrote, in his _Private Meditations, Devotions, -and Prayers_, now for the first time printed from his original manuscripts -preserved in the library of Sion College, London. Much praise is due to the -editor for bringing this manuscript before the public, as well as for the -careful superintendence of the press; and we sincerely hope he will -continue his labours of research in Sion College as well as in other -libraries. - -There are doubtless many of our readers who echo Ben Jonson's wish that -Shakspeare had blotted many a line, referring of course to those -characteristic of the age, not of the man, which cannot be read aloud. To -all such, the announcement that Messrs. Longman have commenced the -publication in monthly volumes of a new edition of Bowdler's _Family -Shakspeare, in which nothing is added to the original text, but those words -and expressions are omitted which cannot with propriety be read in a -family_, will be welcome intelligence. The work is handsomely printed in -Five-Shilling Volumes, of which the first three are already published. - -BOOKS RECEIVED.--_Memoirs of James Logan, a distinguished Scholar and -Christian Legislator, &c._, by Wilson Armistead. An interesting biography -of a friend of William Penn, and one of the most learned of the early -emigrants to the American Continent.--_Yule-Tide Stories, a Collection of -Scandinavian and North German Popular Tales and Traditions._ The name of -the editor, Mr. Benjamin Thorpe, is a sufficient guarantee for the value of -this new volume of Bohn's _Antiquarian Library_. In his _Philological -Library_, Mr. Bohn has published a new and enlarged edition of Mr. Dawson -W. Turner's _Notes on Herodotus_: while in his _Classical Library_ he has -given _The Pharsalia of Lucan literally translated into English Prose, with -Copious Notes_, by H. T. Riley, B.A.; and has enriched his _Scientific -Library_ by the publication of Dr. Chalmers's _Bridgewater Treatise on the -Power, Wisdom, and Goodness of God, as manifested in the Adaption of -External Nature to the Moral and Intellectual Constitution of Man_, with -the author's last corrections, and a Biographical Preface by Dr. Cumming. - -_Photographic Manipulation._ _The Wax-paper Process of Gustave Le Gray_, -translated from the French, published by Knight & Sons; and _Hennah's -Directions for obtaining both Positive and Negative Pictures upon Glass by -means of the Collodion Process, &c._, published by Delatouche & Co., are -two little pamphlets which will repay the photographer for perusal, but are -deficient in that simplicity of process which is so much to be desired if -Photography is to be made more popular. - - * * * * * - -BOOKS AND ODD VOLUMES - -WANTED TO PURCHASE. - -TOWNSEND'S PARISIAN COSTUMES. 3 Vols, 4to. 1831-1839. - -THE BOOK OF ADAM. - -THE TESTAMENTS OF THE TWELVE PATRIARCHS, THE SONS OF JACOB. - -MASSINGER'S PLAYS, by GIFFORD. Vol. IV. 8vo. Second Edition. 1813. - -SPECTATOR. Vols. V. and VII. 12mo. London, 1753. - -COSTERUS (FRANCOIS) CINQUANTE MEDITATIONS DE TOUTE L'HISTOIRE DE LA PASSION -DE NOSTRE SEIGNEUR. 8vo. Anvers, Christ. Plantin. - -THE WORLD WITHOUT A SUN. - -GUARDIAN. 12mo. - -TWO DISCOURSES OF PURGATORY AND PRAYERS FOR THE DEAD, By WM. WAKE. 1687. - -WHAT THE CHARTISTS ARE. A Letter to English Working Men, by a -Fellow-Labourer. 12mo. London, 1848. - -LETTER OF CHURCH RATES, by RALPH BARNES. 8vo. London, 1837. - -COLMAN'S TRANSLATION OF HORACE DE ARTE POETICA. 4to. 1783. - -CASAUBON'S TREATISE ON GREEK AND ROMAN SATIRE. - -BOSCAWEN'S TREATISE ON SATIRE. London, 1797. - -JOHNSON'S LIVES (Walker's Classics). Vol. I. - -TITMARSH'S PARIS SKETCH-BOOK. Post 8vo. Vol. I. Macrone, 1840. - -FIELDING'S WORKS. Vol. XI. (being second of "Amelia.") 12mo. 1808. - -HOLCROFT'S LAVATER. Vol. I. 8vo. 1789. - -OTWAY. Vols. I. and II. 8vo. 1768. - -EDMONDSON'S HERALDRY. Vol. II. Folio, 1780. - -SERMONS AND TRACTS, by W. ADAMS, D.D. - -THE GENTLEMAN'S MAGAZINE for January 1851. - -BEN JONSON'S WORKS. (London, 1716. 6 Vols.) Vol. II. wanted. - -RAPIN'S HISTORY OF ENGLAND, 8vo. Vols. I., III. and V. of the CONTINUATION -by TINDAL. 1744. - -SHARPE'S PROSE WRITERS. Vol. IV. 21 Vols., 1819. Piccadilly. - -INCHBALD'S BRITISH THEATRE. Vol. XXIV. 25 Vols. Longman. - -MEYRICK'S ANCIENT ARMOUR, by SKELTON. Part XVI. - -*** _Correspondents sending Lists of Books Wanted are requested to send -their names._ - -*** Letters, stating particulars and lowest price, _carriage free_, to be -sent to MR. BELL, Publisher of "NOTES AND QUERIES," 186. Fleet Street. - - * * * * * - -Notices to Correspondents. - -BACK NUMBERS. _Parties requiring Back Numbers are requested to make -immediate application for them; as the stock will shortly be made up into -Sets, and the sale of separate copies of the_ EARLY NUMBERS _will be -discontinued_. - -M. W. B._'s Note to_ J. B. _has been forwarded_. - -A. T. F. (Bristol.) _Our Correspondent's kind offer is declined, with -thanks._ - -SIGMA _is thanked: but he will see that we could not_ now _alter the size -of our volumes_. - -W. C. H. D. _will find, in our_ 6th Vol, pp. 312, 313., _his Query -anticipated. The reading will be found in Knight's_ Pictorial Shakspeare. - -H. E. _who asks who, what, and when_ Captain Cuttle _was? is informed that -he is a_ relation _of one of the most able writers of the day--Mr. Charles -Dickens. He was formerly in the Mercantile Marine, and a Skipper in the -service of the well-known house of_ Dombey and Son. - -MISTLETOE ON OAKS. O. S. R. _is referred to our_ 4th Volume, pp. 192. 226. -396. 462., _for information upon this point_. - -MR. SIMS _is thanked for his communication, which we will endeavour to make -use of at some future time_. - -IOTA _is informed that the Chloride of Barium, used in about the same -proportion as common salt, will give the tint he desires. His second Query -has already been answered in our preceding Numbers. As to the mode of -altering his camera, he must tax his own ingenuity as to the best mode of -attaching to it the flexible sleeves, &c._ - -_We are unavoidably compelled to postpone until next week_ MR. LAWRENCE _on -the Albumen Process, and_ MR. DELAMOTTE_'s notice of a Portable Camera_. - -PHOTOGRAPHIC SOCIETY. _Particulars of this newly-formed Society in our -next._ - -_We again repeat that we cannot undertake to recommend any particular -houses for the purchase of photographic instruments, chemicals, &c. We can -only refer our Correspondents on such subjects to our advertising columns._ - -OUR SIXTH VOLUME, _strongly bound in cloth, with very copious Index, is now -ready, price 10s. 6d. Arrangements are making for the publication of -complete sets of_ "NOTES AND QUERIES," _price Three Guineas for the Six -Volumes_. - -"NOTES AND QUERIES" _is published at noon on Friday, so that the Country -Booksellers may receive Copies in that night's parcel, and deliver them to -their Subscribers on the Saturday_. {99} - - * * * * * - - -BENNETT'S MODEL WATCH, as shown at the GREAT EXHIBITION No. 1. Class X., in -Gold and Silver Cases, in five qualities, and adapted to all Climates, may -now he had at the MANUFACTORY, 65. CHEAPSIDE. Superior Gold London-made -Patent Levers, 17, 15, and 12 guineas. Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 4 -guineas. First-rate Geneva Levers, in Gold Cases, 12, 10, and 8 guineas. -Ditto, in Silver Cases, 8, 6, and 5 guineas. Superior Lever, with -Chronometer Balance, Gold 27, 23, and 19 guineas. Bennett's Pocket -Chronometer, Gold, 50 guineas; Silver, 40 guineas. Every Watch skilfully -examined, timed, and its performance guaranteed. Barometers, 2l., 3l., and -4l. Thermometers from 1s. each. - -BENNETT. Watch, Clock, and Instrument Maker to the Royal Observatory, the -Board of Ordnance, the Admiralty, and the Queen, - -65. CHEAPSIDE. - - * * * * * - - -WESTERN LIFE ASSURANCE AND ANNUITY SOCIETY, - -3. PARLIAMENT STREET, LONDON. - -Founded A.D. 1842. - - _Directors._ - H. Edgeworth Bicknell, Esq. - William Cabell, Esq. - T. Somers Cocks, Jun. Esq. M.P. - G. Henry Drew, Esq. - William Evans, Esq. - William Freeman, Esq. - F. Fuller, Esq. - J. Henry Goodhart, Esq. - T. Grissell, Esq. - James Hunt, Esq. - J. Arscott Lethbridge, Esq. - E. Lucas, Esq. - James Lys Seager, Esq. - J. Basley White, Esq. - Joseph Carter Wood, Esq. - - _Trustees._ - W. Whateley, Esq., Q.C.; - L. C. Humfrey, Esq., Q.C.; - George Drew, Esq. - -_Consulting Counsel._--Sir Wm. P. Wood, M.P. - -_Physician._--William Rich. Basham, M.D. - -_Bankers._--Messrs. Cocks, Biddulph, and Co., Charing Cross. - -VALUABLE PRIVILEGE. - -POLICIES effected in this Office do not become void through temporary -difficulty in paying a Premium, as permission is given upon application to -suspend the payment at interest, according to the conditions detailed on -the Prospectus. - -Specimens of Rates of Premium for Assuring 100l., with a Share in -three-fourths of the Profits:-- - - Age L s. d. - 17 1 14 4 - 22 1 18 8 - 27 2 4 5 - 32 2 10 8 - 37 2 18 6 - 42 3 8 2 - -ARTHUR SCRATCHLEY, M.A., F.R.A.S., Actuary. - -Now ready, price 10s. 6d., Second Edition, with material additions, -INDUSTRIAL INVESTMENT and EMIGRATION: being a TREATISE on BENEFIT BUILDING -SOCIETIES, and on the General Principles of Land Investment, exemplified in -the Cases of Freehold Land Societies, Building Companies, &c. With a -Mathematical Appendix on Compound Interest and Life Assurance. By ARTHUR -SCRATCHLEY, M.A., Actuary to the Western Life Assurance Society, 3. -Parliament Street, London. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY.--HORNE & CO.'S Iodized Collodion, for obtaining Instantaneous -Views, and Portraits in from three to thirty seconds, according to light. - -Portraits obtained by the above, for delicacy of detail rival the choicest -Daguerreotypes, specimens of which may be seen at their Establishment. - -Also, every description of Apparatus, Chemicals, &c. &c., used in this -beautiful Art.--123. and 121. Newgate Street. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY.--A New Work, giving Plain and Practical Directions for -obtaining both Positive and Negative Pictures upon Glass, by means of the -Collodion Process, and a method for Printing from the Negative Glasses, in -various colours, on to Paper. By T. H. HENNAH. Price 1s., or by Post 1s. -6d. - - Published by DELATOUCHE & CO., Manufacturers of Pure Photographic - Chemicals, Apparatus, Prepared Papers, and every Article connected with - Photography on Paper or Glass. - -147. OXFORD STREET. - - * * * * * - - -ROSS'S PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAIT AND LANDSCAPE LENSES.--These lenses give -correct definition at the centre and margin of the picture, and have their -visual and chemical acting foci coincident. - -_Great Exhibition Jurors' Reports_, p. 274. - - "Mr. Ross prepares lenses for Portraiture having the greatest intensity - yet produced, by procuring the coincidence of the chemical actinic and - visual rays. The spherical aberration is also very carefully corrected, - both in the central and oblique pencils." - - "Mr. Ross has exhibited the best Camera in the Exhibition. It is - furnished with a double achromatic object-lens, about three inches - aperture. There is no stop, the field is flat, and the image very - perfect up to the edge." - -A. R. invites those interested in the art to inspect the large Photographs -of Vienna, produced by his Lenses and Apparatus. - -Catalogues sent upon Application. - -A. ROSS, 2. Featherstone Buildings, High Holborn - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHIC PICTURES.--A Selection of the above beautiful Productions may -be seen at BLAND & LONG'S, 153. Fleet Street, where may also be procured -Apparatus of every Description, and pure Chemicals for the practice of -Photography in all its Branches. - -Calotype, Daguerreotype, and Glass Pictures for the Stereoscope. - -BLAND & LONG, Opticians, Philosophical and Photographical Instrument -Makers, and Operative Chemists, 153. Fleet Street. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHIC PAPER.--Negative and Positive Papers of Whatman's, Turner's, -Sanford's, and Canson Freres make. Waxed-Paper for Le Gray's Process. -Iodized and Sensitive Paper for every kind of Photography. - -Sold by JOHN SANFORD, Photographic Stationer, Aldine Chambers, 13. -Paternoster Row, London. - - * * * * * - - -KERR & STRANG, Perfumers and Wig-Makers, 124. Leadenhall Street, London, -respectfully inform the Nobility and Public that they have invented and -brought to the greatest perfection the following leading articles, besides -numerous others:--Their Ventilating Natural Curl; Ladies and Gentlemen's -PERUKES, either Crops or Full Dress, with Partings and Crowns so natural as -to defy detection, and with or without their improved Metallic Springs; -Ventilating Fronts, Bandeaux, Borders, Nattes, Bands a la Reine, &c.; also -their instantaneous Liquid Hair Dye, the only dye that really answers for -all colours, and never fades nor acquires that unnatural red or purple tint -common to all other dyes; it is permanent, free of any smell, and perfectly -harmless. Any lady or gentleman, sceptical of its effects in dyeing any -shade of colour, can have it applied, free of any charge, at KERR & -STRANG'S, 124. Leadenhall Street. - -Sold in Cases at 7s. 6d., 15s., and 20s. Samples, 3s. 6d., sent to all -parts on receipt of Post-office Order or Stamps. - - * * * * * - - -LOST.--Two Water-coloured Drawings by MR. DELAMOTTE [engraved in 2nd volume -of "Journal of Archaeological Institute"] of distemper Paintings in Stanton -Harcourt Church. Any person having them, is requested to return them to -their owner, MR. DYKE, Jesus College, Oxford. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY.--XYLO-IODIDE OF SILVER, prepared solely by R. W. THOMAS, has -now obtained an European fame; it supersedes the use of all other -preparations of Collodion. Witness the subjoined Testimonial. - - "122. Regent Street - - "Dear Sir,--In answer to your inquiry of this morning, I have no - hesitation in saying that your preparation of Collodion is incomparably - better and more sensitive than all the advertised Collodio-Iodides, - which, for my professional purposes, are quite useless when compared to - yours. - - "I remain, dear Sir, - "Yours faithfully, - "N. HENNEMAN. - - Aug. 30. 1852. - to Mr. R.W. Thomas." - -MR. R. W. THOMAS begs most earnestly to caution photographers against -purchasing impure chemicals, which are now too frequently sold at very low -prices. It is to this cause nearly always that their labours are unattended -with success. - -Chemicals of absolute purity, especially prepared for this art, may be -obtained from R. W. THOMAS, Chemist and Professor of Photography, 10. Pall -Mall. - -N.B.--The name of Mr. T.'s preparation, Xylo-Iodide of Silver, is made use -of by unprincipled persons. To prevent imposition each bottle is stamped -with a red label bearing the maker's signature. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHIC PORTRAITS and VIEWS by the Collodion and Waxed Paper Process. -Apparatus, Materials, and Pure Chemical Preparation for the above -processes, Superior Iodized Collodion, known by the name of Collodio-iodide -or Xylo-iodide of Silver, 9d. per oz. Pyro-gallic Acid, 4s. per drachm. -Acetic Acid, suited for Collodion Pictures, 8d. per oz. Crystallizable and -perfectly pure, on which the success of the Calo-typist so much depends, -1s. per oz. Canson Freres' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive do., 4s. 6d.; La -Croix, 3s.; Turner, 3s. Whatman's Negative and Positive, 3s. per quire. -Iodized Waxed Paper, 10s. 6d. per quire. Sensitive Paper ready for the -Camera, and warranted to keep from fourteen to twenty days, with directions -for use, 11x9, 9s. per doz.; Iodized, only 6s. per doz. - -GEORGE KNIGHT & SONS (sole Agents for Voightlander & Sons' celebrated -Lenses), Foster Lane, London. - - * * * * * - - -PHOTOGRAPHY, DAGUERREOTYPE, ETC. - -PURE CHEMICALS for the above Processes supplied at the following prices, by -JOHN J. GRIFFIN & CO., 53. Baker Street, Portman Square.--Superior Iodized -Collodion, in bottles at 2s. 6d.; Pyrogallic Acid, 4s. per drachm; Pure -Crystallizable Acetic Acid, 8d. per oz.; Iodide of Potassium, 1s. 6d. per -oz.; Canson Freres' Negative Paper, 3s.; Positive Ditto, 4s. per quire. - -Bromine, 8s. 6d. per oz.; Iodine, 2s. 6d. per oz.; Charcoal, 1s. per -bottle; Rouge, 1s. per oz.; Tripoli, finely prepared, 6d. per oz. - -An Illustrated priced List of Photographic Apparatus and Materials, post -free, 3d. - -Nearly Ready, the Third much enlarged Edition of Professor HUNT'S MANUAL OF -PHOTOGRAPHY. - -JOHN J. GRIFFIN & CO., 53. Baker Street, London; and RICHARD GRIFFIN & CO., -Glasgow. - -{100} - - * * * * * - - -Just published, Sixth Edition, fcap. 8vo., 5s., of - -ESSAYS WRITTEN IN THE INTERVALS OF BUSINESS. - -Also, by the same Author, - -THE CONQUERORS OF THE NEW WORLD and their BONDSMEN; being a Narrative of -the Principal Events which led to Negro Slavery in the West Indies and -America. Vol. II., post 8vo., 7s. Just published. - -VOLUME I., post 8vo., 6s. - -FRIENDS IN COUNCIL; a Series of Readings, and Discourse thereon. A New -Edition. Two vols., fcap. 8vo., 12s. - -COMPANIONS of MY SOLITUDE. Fcap. 8vo., 6s. Third Edition. - -THE CLAIMS OF LABOUR. An Essay on the Duties of the Employers to the -Employed. Fcap. 8vo. Second Edition, with Additional Essay. 6s. - -WILLIAM PICKERING, 177. Piccadilly. - - * * * * * - - -Now ready, Third Edition, with considerable Additions, fcp. 8vo., 7s. 6d. - -AN OUTLINE of the NECESSARY LAWS of THOUGHT. A Treatise on Pure and Applied -Logic. By the Rev. WILLIAM THOMSON, Fellow and Tutor of Queen's College, -Oxford. With an Appendix on Indian Logic, by Professor MAX MULLER. - -WILLIAM PICKERING, 177. Piccadilly. - - * * * * * - - -IN VOLUMES FOR THE POCKET, PRICE FIVE SHILLINGS EACH. - -On the 31st inst. will be published, in fcp. 8vo., Vol. IV. of BOWDLER'S -FAMILY SHAKSPEARE. In which nothing is _added_ to the Original Text; but -those Words and Expressions are _omitted_ which cannot with propriety be -read aloud in a Family. A New Edition, to be completed in Six Monthly -Volumes, price 5s. each. - -London: LONGMAN, BROWN, GREEN, & LONGMANS. - - * * * * * - - -TO LITERARY GENTLEMEN and PUBLISHERS.--VALUABLE LITERARY PROPERTY.--A -MAGAZINE, one of the most popular, talented, and improvable of the present -day, is to be SOLD by PRIVATE BARGAIN. The Copyright, very numerous -Stereotype Plates (which are of _permanent_ value), and Stock of Sheets, -will require from 3000l. to 4000l., a portion of which may be taken on -approved bill. - -Applications by letter, and from principals only, to be addressed to X. Y., -care of MR. HODGSON, Auctioneer, 192. Fleet Street, corner of Chancery -Lane, London. - - * * * * * - - -RALPH'S SERMON PAPER.--This approved Paper is particularly deserving the -notice of the Clergy, as, from its particular form (each page measuring -5-3/4 by 9 inches), it will contain more matter than the size in ordinary -use; and, from the width being narrower, is much more easy to read: adapted -for expeditious writing with either the quill or metallic pen; price 5s. -per ream. Sample on application. - -ENVELOPE PAPER.--To identify the contents with the address and postmark, -important in all business communications; it admits of three clear pages -(each measuring 5-1/2 by 8 inches), for correspondence, it saves time and -is more economical. Price 9s. 6d. per ream. - -F. W. RALPH, Manufacturing Stationer, 36. Throgmorton Street, Bank. - - * * * * * - - -In the Press, - -SELECTIONS, GRAVE AND GAY, From the Writings, published and unpublished, of -THOMAS DE QUINCEY, revised and enlarged by himself. - -Vol. I.--AUTOBIOGRAPHIC SKETCHES. - -Edinburgh: JAMES HOGG. London: R. GROOMBRIDGE & SONS. - - * * * * * - - -THE EDINBURGH REVIEW, No. CXCVII., is just published. - - CONTENTS: - - I. BUNSEN'S HIPPOLYTUS AND HIS AGE. - - II. JERVIS'S HISTORY OF THE ISLAND OF CORFU AND THE IONIAN ISLANDS. - - III. SAUL OF TARSUS. - - IV. HUNGARIAN REVOLUTION. - - V. CATHEDRAL REFORM. - - VI. OUR INDIAN ARMY. - - VII. MONTALEMBERT. - - VIII. MRS. JAMESON'S LEGENDS OF THE MADONNA, AS REPRESENTED IN THE FINE - ARTS. - - IX. THE FALL OF THE DERBY MINISTRY. - -London: LONGMAN & CO. Edinburgh: A. & C. BLACK. - - * * * * * - - -TO ALL WHO HAVE FARMS OR GARDENS. - -THE GARDENERS' CHRONICLE AND AGRICULTURAL GAZETTE, - -(The Horticultural Part edited by PROF. 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OFFICE for Advertisements, 5. Upper Wellington -Street, Covent Garden, London. - - * * * * * - - -Now ready, Two New Volumes (price 28s. cloth) of - -THE JUDGES OF ENGLAND and the Courts at Westminster. By EDWARD FOSS, F.S.A. - - Volume Three, 1272-1377. - Volume Four, 1377-1485. - -Lately published, price 28s. cloth, - - Volume One, 1066-1199. - Volume Two, 1199-1272. - - "A book which is essentially sound and truthful, and must therefore - take its stand in the permanent literature of our country."--_Gent. - Mag._ - -London: LONGMAN & CO. - - * * * * * - - -Now ready, Price 25s., Second Edition, revised and corrected. Dedicated by -Special Permission to - -THE (LATE) ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. - -PSALMS AND HYMNS FOR THE SERVICE OF THE CHURCH. The words selected by the -Very Rev. H. H. MILMAN, D.D., Dean of St. Paul's. The Music arranged for -Four Voices, but applicable also to Two or One, including Chants for the -Services, Responses to the Commandments, and a Concise SYSTEM OF CHANTING, -by J. B. SALE, Musical Instructor and Organist to Her Majesty. 4to., neat, -in morocco cloth, price 25s. To be had of Mr. J. B. SALE, 21. Holywell -Street, Millbank, Westminster, on the receipt of a Post Office Order for -the amount; and by order, of the principal Booksellers and Music -Warehouses. - - "A great advance on the works we have hitherto had, connected with our - Church and Cathedral Service."--_Times._ - - "A collection of Psalm Tunes certainly unequalled in this - country."--_Literary Gazette._ - - "One of the best collections of tunes which we have yet seen. 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