1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
1001
1002
1003
1004
1005
1006
1007
1008
1009
1010
1011
1012
1013
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
1019
1020
1021
1022
1023
1024
1025
1026
1027
1028
1029
1030
1031
1032
1033
1034
1035
1036
1037
1038
1039
1040
1041
1042
1043
1044
1045
1046
1047
1048
1049
1050
1051
1052
1053
1054
1055
1056
1057
1058
1059
1060
1061
1062
1063
1064
1065
1066
1067
1068
1069
1070
1071
1072
1073
1074
1075
1076
1077
1078
1079
1080
1081
1082
1083
1084
1085
1086
1087
1088
1089
1090
1091
1092
1093
1094
1095
1096
1097
1098
1099
1100
1101
1102
1103
1104
1105
1106
1107
1108
1109
1110
1111
1112
1113
1114
1115
1116
1117
1118
1119
1120
1121
1122
1123
1124
1125
1126
1127
1128
1129
1130
1131
1132
1133
1134
1135
1136
1137
1138
1139
1140
1141
1142
1143
1144
1145
1146
1147
1148
1149
1150
1151
1152
1153
1154
1155
1156
1157
1158
1159
1160
1161
1162
1163
1164
1165
1166
1167
1168
1169
1170
1171
1172
1173
1174
1175
1176
1177
1178
1179
1180
1181
1182
1183
1184
1185
1186
1187
1188
1189
1190
1191
1192
1193
1194
1195
1196
1197
1198
1199
1200
1201
1202
1203
1204
1205
1206
1207
1208
1209
1210
1211
1212
1213
1214
1215
1216
1217
1218
1219
1220
1221
1222
1223
1224
1225
1226
1227
1228
1229
1230
1231
1232
1233
1234
1235
1236
1237
1238
1239
1240
1241
1242
1243
1244
1245
1246
1247
1248
1249
1250
1251
1252
1253
1254
1255
1256
1257
1258
1259
1260
1261
1262
1263
1264
1265
1266
1267
1268
1269
1270
1271
1272
1273
1274
1275
1276
1277
1278
1279
1280
1281
1282
1283
1284
1285
1286
1287
1288
1289
1290
1291
1292
1293
1294
1295
1296
1297
1298
1299
1300
1301
1302
1303
1304
1305
1306
1307
1308
1309
1310
1311
1312
1313
1314
1315
1316
1317
1318
1319
1320
1321
1322
1323
1324
1325
1326
1327
1328
1329
1330
1331
1332
1333
1334
1335
1336
1337
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1343
1344
1345
1346
1347
1348
1349
1350
1351
1352
1353
1354
1355
1356
1357
1358
1359
1360
1361
1362
1363
1364
1365
1366
1367
1368
1369
1370
1371
1372
1373
1374
1375
1376
1377
1378
1379
1380
1381
1382
1383
1384
1385
1386
1387
1388
1389
1390
1391
1392
1393
1394
1395
1396
1397
1398
1399
1400
1401
1402
1403
1404
1405
1406
1407
1408
1409
1410
1411
1412
1413
1414
1415
1416
1417
1418
1419
1420
1421
1422
1423
1424
1425
1426
1427
1428
1429
1430
1431
1432
1433
1434
1435
1436
1437
1438
1439
1440
1441
1442
1443
1444
1445
1446
1447
1448
1449
1450
1451
1452
1453
1454
1455
1456
1457
1458
1459
1460
1461
1462
1463
1464
1465
1466
1467
1468
1469
1470
1471
1472
1473
1474
1475
1476
1477
1478
1479
1480
1481
1482
1483
1484
1485
1486
1487
1488
1489
1490
1491
1492
1493
1494
1495
1496
1497
1498
1499
1500
1501
1502
1503
1504
1505
1506
1507
1508
1509
1510
1511
1512
1513
1514
1515
1516
1517
1518
1519
1520
1521
1522
1523
1524
1525
1526
1527
1528
1529
1530
1531
1532
1533
1534
1535
1536
1537
1538
1539
1540
1541
1542
1543
1544
1545
1546
1547
1548
1549
1550
1551
1552
1553
1554
1555
1556
1557
1558
1559
1560
1561
1562
1563
1564
1565
1566
1567
1568
1569
1570
1571
1572
1573
1574
1575
1576
1577
1578
1579
1580
1581
1582
1583
1584
1585
1586
1587
1588
1589
1590
1591
1592
1593
1594
1595
1596
1597
1598
1599
1600
1601
1602
1603
1604
1605
1606
1607
1608
1609
1610
1611
1612
1613
1614
1615
1616
1617
1618
1619
1620
1621
1622
1623
1624
1625
1626
1627
1628
1629
1630
1631
1632
1633
1634
1635
1636
1637
1638
1639
1640
1641
1642
1643
1644
1645
1646
1647
1648
1649
1650
1651
1652
1653
1654
1655
1656
1657
1658
1659
1660
1661
1662
1663
1664
1665
1666
1667
1668
1669
1670
1671
1672
1673
1674
1675
1676
1677
1678
1679
1680
1681
1682
1683
1684
1685
1686
1687
1688
1689
1690
1691
1692
1693
1694
1695
1696
1697
1698
1699
1700
1701
1702
1703
1704
1705
1706
1707
1708
1709
1710
1711
1712
1713
1714
1715
1716
1717
1718
1719
1720
1721
1722
1723
1724
1725
1726
1727
1728
1729
1730
1731
1732
1733
1734
1735
1736
1737
1738
1739
1740
1741
1742
1743
1744
1745
1746
1747
1748
1749
1750
1751
1752
1753
1754
1755
1756
1757
1758
1759
1760
1761
1762
1763
1764
1765
1766
1767
1768
1769
1770
1771
1772
1773
1774
1775
1776
1777
1778
1779
1780
1781
1782
1783
1784
1785
1786
1787
1788
1789
1790
1791
1792
1793
1794
1795
1796
1797
1798
1799
1800
1801
1802
1803
1804
1805
1806
1807
1808
1809
1810
1811
1812
1813
1814
1815
1816
1817
1818
1819
1820
1821
1822
1823
1824
1825
1826
1827
1828
1829
1830
1831
1832
1833
1834
1835
1836
1837
1838
1839
1840
1841
1842
1843
1844
1845
1846
1847
1848
1849
1850
1851
1852
1853
1854
1855
1856
1857
1858
1859
1860
1861
1862
1863
1864
1865
1866
1867
1868
1869
1870
1871
1872
1873
1874
1875
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
1884
1885
1886
1887
1888
1889
1890
1891
1892
1893
1894
1895
1896
1897
1898
1899
1900
1901
1902
1903
1904
1905
1906
1907
1908
1909
1910
1911
1912
1913
1914
1915
1916
1917
1918
1919
1920
1921
1922
1923
1924
1925
1926
1927
1928
1929
1930
1931
1932
1933
1934
1935
1936
1937
1938
1939
1940
1941
1942
1943
1944
1945
1946
1947
1948
1949
1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1958
1959
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
2022
2023
2024
2025
2026
2027
2028
2029
2030
2031
2032
2033
2034
2035
2036
2037
2038
2039
2040
2041
2042
2043
2044
2045
2046
2047
2048
2049
2050
2051
2052
2053
2054
2055
2056
2057
2058
2059
2060
2061
2062
2063
2064
2065
2066
2067
2068
2069
2070
2071
2072
2073
2074
2075
2076
2077
2078
2079
2080
2081
2082
2083
2084
2085
2086
2087
2088
2089
2090
2091
2092
2093
2094
2095
2096
2097
2098
2099
2100
2101
2102
2103
2104
2105
2106
2107
2108
2109
2110
2111
2112
2113
2114
2115
2116
2117
2118
2119
2120
2121
2122
2123
2124
2125
2126
2127
2128
2129
2130
2131
2132
2133
2134
2135
2136
2137
2138
2139
2140
2141
2142
2143
2144
2145
2146
2147
2148
2149
2150
2151
2152
2153
2154
2155
2156
2157
2158
2159
2160
2161
2162
2163
2164
2165
2166
2167
2168
2169
2170
2171
2172
2173
2174
2175
2176
2177
2178
2179
2180
2181
2182
2183
2184
2185
2186
2187
2188
2189
2190
2191
2192
2193
2194
2195
2196
2197
2198
2199
2200
2201
2202
2203
2204
2205
2206
2207
2208
2209
2210
2211
2212
2213
2214
2215
2216
2217
2218
2219
2220
2221
2222
2223
2224
2225
2226
2227
2228
2229
2230
2231
2232
2233
2234
2235
2236
2237
2238
2239
2240
2241
2242
2243
2244
2245
2246
2247
2248
2249
2250
2251
2252
2253
2254
2255
2256
2257
2258
2259
2260
2261
2262
2263
2264
2265
2266
2267
2268
2269
2270
2271
2272
2273
2274
2275
2276
2277
2278
2279
2280
2281
2282
2283
2284
2285
2286
2287
2288
2289
2290
2291
2292
2293
2294
2295
2296
2297
2298
2299
2300
2301
2302
2303
2304
2305
2306
2307
2308
2309
2310
2311
2312
2313
2314
2315
2316
2317
2318
2319
2320
2321
2322
2323
2324
2325
2326
2327
2328
2329
2330
2331
2332
2333
2334
2335
2336
2337
2338
2339
2340
2341
2342
2343
2344
2345
2346
2347
2348
2349
2350
2351
2352
2353
2354
2355
2356
2357
2358
2359
2360
2361
2362
2363
2364
2365
2366
2367
2368
2369
2370
2371
2372
2373
2374
2375
2376
2377
2378
2379
2380
2381
2382
2383
2384
2385
2386
2387
2388
2389
2390
2391
2392
2393
2394
2395
2396
2397
2398
2399
2400
2401
2402
2403
2404
2405
2406
2407
2408
2409
2410
2411
2412
2413
2414
2415
2416
2417
2418
2419
2420
2421
2422
2423
2424
2425
2426
2427
2428
2429
2430
2431
2432
2433
2434
2435
2436
2437
2438
2439
2440
2441
2442
2443
2444
2445
2446
2447
2448
2449
2450
2451
2452
2453
2454
2455
2456
2457
2458
2459
2460
2461
2462
2463
2464
2465
2466
2467
2468
2469
2470
2471
2472
2473
2474
2475
2476
2477
2478
2479
2480
2481
2482
2483
2484
2485
2486
2487
2488
2489
2490
2491
2492
2493
2494
2495
2496
2497
2498
2499
2500
2501
2502
2503
2504
2505
2506
2507
2508
2509
2510
2511
2512
2513
2514
2515
2516
2517
2518
2519
2520
2521
2522
2523
2524
2525
2526
2527
2528
2529
2530
2531
2532
2533
2534
2535
2536
2537
2538
2539
2540
2541
2542
2543
2544
2545
2546
2547
2548
2549
2550
2551
2552
2553
2554
2555
2556
2557
2558
2559
2560
2561
2562
2563
2564
2565
2566
2567
2568
2569
2570
2571
2572
2573
2574
2575
2576
2577
2578
2579
2580
2581
2582
2583
2584
2585
2586
2587
2588
2589
2590
2591
2592
2593
2594
2595
2596
2597
2598
2599
2600
2601
2602
2603
2604
2605
2606
2607
2608
2609
2610
2611
2612
2613
2614
2615
2616
2617
2618
2619
2620
2621
2622
2623
2624
2625
2626
2627
2628
2629
2630
2631
2632
2633
2634
2635
2636
2637
2638
2639
2640
2641
2642
2643
2644
2645
2646
2647
2648
2649
2650
2651
2652
2653
2654
2655
2656
2657
2658
2659
2660
2661
2662
2663
2664
2665
2666
2667
2668
2669
2670
2671
2672
2673
2674
2675
2676
2677
2678
2679
2680
2681
2682
2683
2684
2685
2686
2687
2688
2689
2690
2691
2692
2693
2694
2695
2696
2697
2698
2699
2700
2701
2702
2703
2704
2705
2706
2707
2708
2709
2710
2711
2712
2713
2714
2715
2716
2717
2718
2719
2720
2721
2722
2723
2724
2725
2726
2727
2728
2729
2730
2731
2732
2733
2734
2735
2736
2737
2738
2739
2740
2741
2742
2743
2744
2745
2746
2747
2748
2749
2750
2751
2752
2753
2754
2755
2756
2757
2758
2759
2760
2761
2762
2763
2764
2765
2766
2767
2768
2769
2770
2771
2772
2773
2774
2775
2776
2777
2778
2779
2780
2781
2782
2783
2784
2785
2786
2787
2788
2789
2790
2791
2792
2793
2794
2795
2796
2797
2798
2799
2800
2801
2802
2803
2804
2805
2806
2807
2808
2809
2810
2811
2812
2813
2814
2815
2816
2817
2818
2819
2820
2821
2822
2823
2824
2825
2826
2827
2828
2829
2830
2831
2832
2833
2834
2835
2836
2837
2838
2839
2840
2841
2842
2843
2844
2845
2846
2847
2848
2849
2850
2851
2852
2853
2854
2855
2856
2857
2858
2859
2860
2861
2862
2863
2864
2865
2866
2867
2868
2869
2870
2871
2872
2873
2874
2875
2876
2877
2878
2879
2880
2881
2882
2883
2884
2885
2886
2887
2888
2889
2890
2891
2892
2893
2894
2895
2896
2897
2898
2899
2900
2901
2902
2903
2904
2905
2906
2907
2908
2909
2910
2911
2912
2913
2914
2915
2916
2917
2918
2919
2920
2921
2922
2923
2924
2925
2926
2927
2928
2929
2930
2931
2932
2933
2934
2935
2936
2937
2938
2939
2940
2941
2942
2943
2944
2945
2946
2947
2948
2949
2950
2951
2952
2953
2954
2955
2956
2957
2958
2959
2960
2961
2962
2963
2964
2965
2966
2967
2968
2969
2970
2971
2972
2973
2974
2975
2976
2977
2978
2979
2980
2981
2982
2983
2984
2985
2986
2987
2988
2989
2990
2991
2992
2993
2994
2995
2996
2997
2998
2999
3000
3001
3002
3003
3004
3005
3006
3007
3008
3009
3010
3011
3012
3013
3014
3015
3016
3017
3018
3019
3020
3021
3022
3023
3024
3025
3026
3027
3028
3029
3030
3031
3032
3033
3034
3035
3036
3037
3038
3039
3040
3041
3042
3043
3044
3045
3046
3047
3048
3049
3050
3051
3052
3053
3054
3055
3056
3057
3058
3059
3060
3061
3062
3063
3064
3065
3066
3067
3068
3069
3070
3071
3072
3073
3074
3075
3076
3077
3078
3079
3080
3081
3082
3083
3084
3085
3086
3087
3088
3089
3090
3091
3092
3093
3094
3095
3096
3097
3098
3099
3100
3101
3102
3103
3104
3105
3106
3107
3108
3109
3110
3111
3112
3113
3114
3115
3116
3117
3118
3119
3120
3121
3122
3123
3124
3125
3126
3127
3128
3129
3130
3131
3132
3133
3134
3135
3136
3137
3138
3139
3140
3141
3142
3143
3144
3145
3146
3147
3148
3149
3150
3151
3152
3153
3154
3155
3156
3157
3158
3159
3160
3161
3162
3163
3164
3165
3166
3167
3168
3169
3170
3171
3172
3173
3174
3175
3176
3177
3178
3179
3180
3181
3182
3183
3184
3185
3186
3187
3188
3189
3190
3191
3192
3193
3194
3195
3196
3197
3198
3199
3200
3201
3202
3203
3204
3205
3206
3207
3208
3209
3210
3211
3212
3213
3214
3215
3216
3217
3218
3219
3220
3221
3222
3223
3224
3225
3226
3227
3228
3229
3230
3231
3232
3233
3234
3235
3236
3237
3238
3239
3240
3241
3242
3243
3244
3245
3246
3247
3248
3249
3250
3251
3252
3253
3254
3255
3256
3257
3258
3259
3260
3261
3262
3263
3264
3265
3266
3267
3268
3269
3270
3271
3272
3273
3274
3275
3276
3277
3278
3279
3280
3281
3282
3283
3284
3285
3286
3287
3288
3289
3290
3291
3292
3293
3294
3295
3296
3297
3298
3299
3300
3301
3302
3303
3304
3305
3306
3307
3308
3309
3310
3311
3312
3313
3314
3315
3316
3317
3318
3319
3320
3321
3322
3323
3324
3325
3326
3327
3328
3329
3330
3331
3332
3333
3334
3335
3336
3337
3338
3339
3340
3341
3342
3343
3344
3345
3346
3347
3348
3349
3350
3351
3352
3353
3354
3355
3356
3357
3358
3359
3360
3361
3362
3363
3364
3365
3366
3367
3368
3369
3370
3371
3372
3373
3374
3375
3376
3377
3378
3379
3380
3381
3382
3383
3384
3385
3386
3387
3388
3389
3390
3391
3392
3393
3394
3395
3396
3397
3398
3399
3400
3401
3402
3403
3404
3405
3406
3407
3408
3409
3410
3411
3412
3413
3414
3415
3416
3417
3418
3419
3420
3421
3422
3423
3424
3425
3426
3427
3428
3429
3430
3431
3432
3433
3434
3435
3436
3437
3438
3439
3440
3441
3442
3443
3444
3445
3446
3447
3448
3449
3450
3451
3452
3453
3454
3455
3456
3457
3458
3459
3460
3461
3462
3463
3464
3465
3466
3467
3468
3469
3470
3471
3472
3473
3474
3475
3476
3477
3478
3479
3480
3481
3482
3483
3484
3485
3486
3487
3488
3489
3490
3491
3492
3493
3494
3495
3496
3497
3498
3499
3500
3501
3502
3503
3504
3505
3506
3507
3508
3509
3510
3511
3512
3513
3514
3515
3516
3517
3518
3519
3520
3521
3522
3523
3524
3525
3526
3527
3528
3529
3530
3531
3532
3533
3534
3535
3536
3537
3538
3539
3540
3541
3542
3543
3544
3545
3546
3547
3548
3549
3550
3551
3552
3553
3554
3555
3556
3557
3558
3559
3560
3561
3562
3563
3564
3565
3566
3567
3568
3569
3570
3571
3572
3573
3574
3575
3576
3577
3578
3579
3580
3581
3582
3583
3584
3585
3586
3587
3588
3589
3590
3591
3592
3593
3594
3595
3596
3597
3598
3599
3600
3601
3602
3603
3604
3605
3606
3607
3608
3609
3610
3611
3612
3613
3614
3615
3616
3617
3618
3619
3620
3621
3622
3623
3624
3625
3626
3627
3628
3629
3630
3631
3632
3633
3634
3635
3636
3637
3638
3639
3640
3641
3642
3643
3644
3645
3646
3647
3648
3649
3650
3651
3652
3653
3654
3655
3656
3657
3658
3659
3660
3661
3662
3663
3664
3665
3666
3667
3668
3669
3670
3671
3672
3673
3674
3675
3676
3677
3678
3679
3680
3681
3682
3683
3684
3685
3686
3687
3688
3689
3690
3691
3692
3693
3694
3695
3696
3697
3698
3699
3700
3701
3702
3703
3704
3705
3706
3707
3708
3709
3710
3711
3712
3713
3714
3715
3716
3717
3718
3719
3720
3721
3722
3723
3724
3725
3726
3727
3728
3729
3730
3731
3732
3733
3734
3735
3736
3737
3738
3739
3740
3741
3742
3743
3744
3745
3746
3747
3748
3749
3750
3751
3752
3753
3754
3755
3756
3757
3758
3759
3760
3761
3762
3763
3764
3765
3766
3767
3768
3769
3770
3771
3772
3773
3774
3775
3776
3777
3778
3779
3780
3781
3782
3783
3784
3785
3786
3787
3788
3789
3790
3791
3792
3793
3794
3795
3796
3797
3798
3799
3800
3801
3802
3803
3804
3805
3806
3807
3808
3809
3810
3811
3812
3813
3814
3815
3816
3817
3818
3819
3820
3821
3822
3823
3824
3825
3826
3827
3828
3829
3830
3831
3832
3833
3834
3835
3836
3837
3838
3839
3840
3841
3842
3843
3844
3845
3846
3847
3848
3849
3850
3851
3852
3853
3854
3855
3856
3857
3858
3859
3860
3861
3862
3863
3864
3865
3866
3867
3868
3869
3870
3871
3872
3873
3874
3875
3876
3877
3878
3879
3880
3881
3882
3883
3884
3885
3886
3887
3888
3889
3890
3891
3892
3893
3894
3895
3896
3897
3898
3899
3900
3901
3902
3903
3904
3905
3906
3907
3908
3909
3910
3911
3912
3913
3914
3915
3916
3917
3918
3919
3920
3921
3922
3923
3924
3925
3926
3927
3928
3929
3930
3931
3932
3933
3934
3935
3936
3937
3938
3939
3940
3941
3942
3943
3944
3945
3946
3947
3948
3949
3950
3951
3952
3953
3954
3955
3956
3957
3958
3959
3960
3961
3962
3963
3964
3965
3966
3967
3968
3969
3970
3971
3972
3973
3974
3975
3976
3977
3978
3979
3980
3981
3982
3983
3984
3985
3986
3987
3988
3989
3990
3991
3992
3993
3994
3995
3996
3997
3998
3999
4000
4001
4002
4003
4004
4005
4006
4007
4008
4009
4010
4011
4012
4013
4014
4015
4016
4017
4018
4019
4020
4021
4022
4023
4024
4025
4026
4027
4028
4029
4030
4031
4032
4033
4034
4035
4036
4037
4038
4039
4040
4041
4042
4043
4044
4045
4046
4047
4048
4049
4050
4051
4052
4053
4054
4055
4056
4057
4058
4059
4060
4061
4062
4063
4064
4065
4066
4067
4068
4069
4070
4071
4072
4073
4074
4075
4076
4077
4078
4079
4080
4081
4082
4083
4084
4085
4086
4087
4088
4089
4090
4091
4092
4093
4094
4095
4096
4097
4098
4099
4100
4101
4102
4103
4104
4105
4106
4107
4108
4109
4110
4111
4112
4113
4114
4115
4116
4117
4118
4119
4120
4121
4122
4123
4124
4125
4126
4127
4128
4129
4130
4131
4132
4133
4134
4135
4136
4137
4138
4139
4140
4141
4142
4143
4144
4145
4146
4147
4148
4149
4150
4151
4152
4153
4154
4155
4156
4157
4158
4159
4160
4161
4162
4163
4164
4165
4166
4167
4168
4169
4170
4171
4172
4173
4174
4175
4176
4177
4178
4179
4180
4181
4182
4183
4184
4185
4186
4187
4188
4189
4190
4191
4192
4193
4194
4195
4196
4197
4198
4199
4200
4201
4202
4203
4204
4205
4206
4207
4208
4209
4210
4211
4212
4213
4214
4215
4216
4217
4218
4219
4220
4221
4222
4223
4224
4225
4226
4227
4228
4229
4230
4231
4232
4233
4234
4235
4236
4237
4238
4239
4240
4241
4242
4243
4244
4245
4246
4247
4248
4249
4250
4251
4252
4253
4254
4255
4256
4257
4258
4259
4260
4261
4262
4263
4264
4265
4266
4267
4268
4269
4270
4271
4272
4273
4274
4275
4276
4277
4278
4279
4280
4281
4282
4283
4284
4285
4286
4287
4288
4289
4290
4291
4292
4293
4294
4295
4296
4297
4298
4299
4300
4301
4302
4303
4304
4305
4306
4307
4308
4309
4310
4311
4312
4313
4314
4315
4316
4317
4318
4319
4320
4321
4322
4323
4324
4325
4326
4327
4328
4329
4330
4331
4332
4333
4334
4335
4336
4337
4338
4339
4340
4341
4342
4343
4344
4345
4346
4347
4348
4349
4350
4351
4352
4353
4354
4355
4356
4357
4358
4359
4360
4361
4362
4363
4364
4365
4366
4367
4368
4369
4370
4371
4372
4373
4374
4375
4376
4377
4378
4379
4380
4381
4382
4383
4384
4385
4386
4387
4388
4389
4390
4391
4392
4393
4394
4395
4396
4397
4398
4399
4400
4401
4402
4403
4404
4405
4406
4407
4408
4409
4410
4411
4412
4413
4414
4415
4416
4417
4418
4419
4420
4421
4422
4423
4424
4425
4426
4427
4428
4429
4430
4431
4432
4433
4434
4435
4436
4437
4438
4439
4440
4441
4442
4443
4444
4445
4446
4447
4448
4449
4450
4451
4452
4453
4454
4455
4456
4457
4458
4459
4460
4461
4462
4463
4464
4465
4466
4467
4468
4469
4470
4471
4472
4473
4474
4475
4476
4477
4478
4479
4480
4481
4482
4483
4484
4485
4486
4487
4488
4489
4490
4491
4492
4493
4494
4495
4496
4497
4498
4499
4500
4501
4502
4503
4504
4505
4506
4507
4508
4509
4510
4511
4512
4513
4514
4515
4516
4517
4518
4519
4520
4521
4522
4523
4524
4525
4526
4527
4528
4529
4530
4531
4532
4533
4534
4535
4536
4537
4538
4539
4540
4541
4542
4543
4544
4545
4546
4547
4548
4549
4550
4551
4552
4553
4554
4555
4556
4557
4558
4559
4560
4561
4562
4563
4564
4565
4566
4567
4568
4569
4570
4571
4572
4573
4574
4575
4576
4577
4578
4579
4580
4581
4582
4583
4584
4585
4586
4587
4588
4589
4590
4591
4592
4593
4594
4595
4596
4597
4598
4599
4600
4601
4602
4603
4604
4605
4606
4607
4608
4609
4610
4611
4612
4613
4614
4615
4616
4617
4618
4619
4620
4621
4622
4623
4624
4625
4626
4627
4628
4629
4630
4631
4632
4633
4634
4635
4636
4637
4638
4639
4640
4641
4642
4643
4644
4645
4646
4647
4648
4649
4650
4651
4652
4653
4654
4655
4656
4657
4658
4659
4660
4661
4662
4663
4664
4665
4666
4667
4668
4669
4670
4671
4672
4673
4674
4675
4676
4677
4678
4679
4680
4681
4682
4683
4684
4685
4686
4687
4688
4689
4690
4691
4692
4693
4694
4695
4696
4697
4698
4699
4700
4701
4702
4703
4704
4705
4706
4707
4708
4709
4710
4711
4712
4713
4714
4715
4716
4717
4718
4719
4720
4721
4722
4723
4724
4725
4726
4727
4728
4729
4730
4731
4732
4733
4734
4735
4736
4737
4738
4739
4740
4741
4742
4743
4744
4745
4746
4747
4748
4749
4750
4751
4752
4753
4754
4755
4756
4757
4758
4759
4760
4761
4762
4763
4764
4765
4766
4767
4768
4769
4770
4771
4772
4773
4774
4775
4776
4777
4778
4779
4780
4781
4782
4783
4784
4785
4786
4787
4788
4789
4790
4791
4792
4793
4794
4795
4796
4797
4798
4799
4800
4801
4802
4803
4804
4805
4806
4807
4808
4809
4810
4811
4812
4813
4814
4815
4816
4817
4818
4819
4820
4821
4822
4823
4824
4825
4826
4827
4828
4829
4830
4831
4832
4833
4834
4835
4836
4837
4838
4839
4840
4841
4842
4843
4844
4845
4846
4847
4848
4849
4850
4851
4852
4853
4854
4855
4856
4857
4858
4859
4860
4861
4862
4863
4864
4865
4866
4867
4868
4869
4870
4871
4872
4873
4874
4875
4876
4877
4878
4879
4880
4881
4882
4883
4884
4885
4886
4887
4888
4889
4890
4891
4892
4893
4894
4895
4896
4897
4898
4899
4900
4901
4902
4903
4904
4905
4906
4907
4908
4909
4910
4911
4912
4913
4914
4915
4916
4917
4918
4919
4920
4921
4922
4923
4924
4925
4926
4927
4928
4929
4930
4931
4932
4933
4934
4935
4936
4937
4938
4939
4940
4941
4942
4943
4944
4945
4946
4947
4948
4949
4950
4951
4952
4953
4954
4955
4956
4957
4958
4959
4960
4961
4962
4963
4964
4965
4966
4967
4968
4969
4970
4971
4972
4973
4974
4975
4976
4977
4978
4979
4980
4981
4982
4983
4984
4985
4986
4987
4988
4989
4990
4991
4992
4993
4994
4995
4996
4997
4998
4999
5000
5001
5002
5003
5004
5005
5006
5007
5008
5009
5010
5011
5012
5013
5014
5015
5016
5017
5018
5019
5020
5021
5022
5023
5024
5025
5026
5027
5028
5029
5030
5031
5032
5033
5034
5035
5036
5037
5038
5039
5040
5041
5042
5043
5044
5045
5046
5047
5048
5049
5050
5051
5052
5053
5054
5055
5056
5057
5058
5059
5060
5061
5062
5063
5064
5065
5066
5067
5068
5069
5070
5071
5072
5073
5074
5075
5076
5077
5078
5079
5080
5081
5082
5083
5084
5085
5086
5087
5088
5089
5090
5091
5092
5093
5094
5095
5096
5097
5098
5099
5100
5101
5102
5103
5104
5105
5106
5107
5108
5109
5110
5111
5112
5113
5114
5115
5116
5117
5118
5119
5120
5121
5122
5123
5124
5125
5126
5127
5128
5129
5130
5131
5132
5133
5134
5135
5136
5137
5138
5139
5140
5141
5142
5143
5144
5145
5146
5147
5148
5149
5150
5151
5152
5153
5154
5155
5156
5157
5158
5159
5160
5161
5162
5163
5164
5165
5166
5167
5168
5169
5170
5171
5172
5173
5174
5175
5176
5177
5178
5179
5180
5181
5182
5183
5184
5185
5186
5187
5188
5189
5190
5191
5192
5193
5194
5195
5196
5197
5198
5199
5200
5201
5202
5203
5204
5205
5206
5207
5208
5209
5210
5211
5212
5213
5214
5215
5216
5217
5218
5219
5220
5221
5222
5223
5224
5225
5226
5227
5228
5229
5230
5231
5232
5233
5234
5235
5236
5237
5238
5239
5240
5241
5242
5243
5244
5245
5246
5247
5248
5249
5250
5251
5252
5253
5254
5255
5256
5257
5258
5259
5260
5261
5262
5263
5264
5265
5266
5267
5268
5269
5270
5271
5272
5273
5274
5275
5276
5277
5278
5279
5280
5281
5282
5283
5284
5285
5286
5287
5288
5289
5290
5291
5292
5293
5294
5295
5296
5297
5298
5299
5300
5301
5302
5303
5304
5305
5306
5307
5308
5309
5310
5311
5312
5313
5314
5315
5316
5317
5318
5319
5320
5321
5322
5323
5324
5325
5326
5327
5328
5329
5330
5331
5332
5333
5334
5335
5336
5337
5338
5339
5340
5341
5342
5343
5344
5345
5346
5347
5348
5349
5350
5351
5352
5353
5354
5355
5356
5357
5358
5359
5360
5361
5362
5363
5364
5365
5366
5367
5368
5369
5370
5371
5372
5373
5374
5375
5376
5377
5378
5379
5380
5381
5382
5383
5384
5385
5386
5387
5388
5389
5390
5391
5392
5393
5394
5395
5396
5397
5398
5399
5400
5401
5402
5403
5404
5405
5406
5407
5408
5409
5410
5411
5412
5413
5414
5415
5416
5417
5418
5419
5420
5421
5422
5423
5424
5425
5426
5427
5428
5429
5430
5431
5432
5433
5434
5435
5436
5437
5438
5439
5440
5441
5442
5443
5444
5445
5446
5447
5448
5449
5450
5451
5452
5453
5454
5455
5456
5457
5458
5459
5460
5461
5462
5463
5464
5465
5466
5467
5468
5469
5470
5471
5472
5473
5474
5475
5476
5477
5478
5479
5480
5481
5482
5483
5484
5485
5486
5487
5488
5489
5490
5491
5492
5493
5494
5495
5496
5497
5498
5499
5500
5501
5502
5503
5504
5505
5506
5507
5508
5509
5510
5511
5512
5513
5514
5515
5516
5517
5518
5519
5520
5521
5522
5523
5524
5525
5526
5527
5528
5529
5530
5531
5532
5533
5534
5535
5536
5537
5538
5539
5540
5541
5542
5543
5544
5545
5546
5547
5548
5549
5550
5551
5552
5553
5554
5555
5556
5557
5558
5559
5560
5561
5562
5563
5564
5565
5566
5567
5568
5569
5570
5571
5572
5573
5574
5575
5576
5577
5578
5579
5580
5581
5582
5583
5584
5585
5586
5587
5588
5589
5590
5591
5592
5593
5594
5595
5596
5597
5598
5599
5600
5601
5602
5603
5604
5605
5606
5607
5608
5609
5610
5611
5612
5613
5614
5615
5616
5617
5618
5619
5620
5621
5622
5623
5624
5625
5626
5627
5628
5629
5630
5631
5632
5633
5634
5635
5636
5637
5638
5639
5640
5641
5642
5643
5644
5645
5646
5647
5648
5649
5650
5651
5652
5653
5654
5655
5656
5657
5658
5659
5660
5661
5662
5663
5664
5665
5666
5667
5668
5669
5670
5671
5672
5673
5674
5675
5676
5677
5678
5679
5680
5681
5682
5683
5684
5685
5686
5687
5688
5689
5690
5691
5692
5693
5694
5695
5696
5697
5698
5699
5700
5701
5702
5703
5704
5705
5706
5707
5708
5709
5710
5711
5712
5713
5714
5715
5716
5717
5718
5719
5720
5721
5722
5723
5724
5725
5726
5727
5728
5729
5730
5731
5732
5733
5734
5735
5736
5737
5738
5739
5740
5741
5742
5743
5744
5745
5746
5747
5748
5749
5750
5751
5752
5753
5754
5755
5756
5757
5758
5759
5760
5761
5762
5763
5764
5765
5766
5767
5768
5769
5770
5771
5772
5773
5774
5775
5776
5777
5778
5779
5780
5781
5782
5783
5784
5785
5786
5787
5788
5789
5790
5791
5792
5793
5794
5795
5796
5797
5798
5799
5800
5801
5802
5803
5804
5805
5806
5807
5808
5809
5810
5811
5812
5813
5814
5815
5816
5817
5818
5819
5820
5821
5822
5823
5824
5825
5826
5827
5828
5829
5830
5831
5832
5833
5834
5835
5836
5837
5838
5839
5840
5841
5842
5843
5844
5845
5846
5847
5848
5849
5850
5851
5852
5853
5854
5855
5856
5857
5858
5859
5860
5861
5862
5863
5864
5865
5866
5867
5868
5869
5870
5871
5872
5873
5874
5875
5876
5877
5878
5879
5880
5881
5882
5883
5884
5885
5886
5887
5888
5889
5890
5891
5892
5893
5894
5895
5896
5897
5898
5899
5900
5901
5902
5903
5904
5905
5906
5907
5908
5909
5910
5911
5912
5913
5914
5915
5916
5917
5918
5919
5920
5921
5922
5923
5924
5925
5926
5927
5928
5929
5930
5931
5932
5933
5934
5935
5936
5937
5938
5939
5940
5941
5942
5943
5944
5945
5946
5947
5948
5949
5950
5951
5952
5953
5954
5955
5956
5957
5958
5959
5960
5961
5962
5963
5964
5965
5966
5967
5968
5969
5970
5971
5972
5973
5974
5975
5976
5977
5978
5979
5980
5981
5982
5983
5984
5985
5986
5987
5988
5989
5990
5991
5992
5993
5994
5995
5996
5997
5998
5999
6000
6001
6002
6003
6004
6005
6006
6007
6008
6009
6010
6011
6012
6013
6014
6015
6016
6017
6018
6019
6020
6021
6022
6023
6024
6025
6026
6027
6028
6029
6030
6031
6032
6033
6034
6035
6036
6037
6038
6039
6040
6041
6042
6043
6044
6045
6046
6047
6048
6049
6050
6051
6052
6053
6054
6055
6056
6057
6058
6059
6060
6061
6062
6063
6064
6065
6066
6067
6068
6069
6070
6071
6072
6073
6074
6075
6076
6077
6078
6079
6080
6081
6082
6083
6084
6085
6086
6087
6088
6089
6090
6091
6092
6093
6094
6095
6096
6097
6098
6099
6100
6101
6102
6103
6104
6105
6106
6107
6108
6109
6110
6111
6112
6113
6114
6115
6116
6117
6118
6119
6120
6121
6122
6123
6124
6125
6126
6127
6128
6129
6130
6131
6132
6133
6134
6135
6136
6137
6138
6139
6140
6141
6142
6143
6144
6145
6146
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
6153
6154
6155
6156
6157
6158
6159
6160
6161
6162
6163
6164
6165
6166
6167
6168
6169
6170
6171
6172
6173
6174
6175
6176
6177
6178
6179
6180
6181
6182
6183
6184
6185
6186
6187
6188
6189
6190
6191
6192
6193
6194
6195
6196
6197
6198
6199
6200
6201
6202
6203
6204
6205
6206
6207
6208
6209
6210
6211
6212
6213
6214
6215
6216
6217
6218
6219
6220
6221
6222
6223
6224
6225
6226
6227
6228
6229
6230
6231
6232
6233
6234
6235
6236
6237
6238
6239
6240
6241
6242
6243
6244
6245
6246
6247
6248
6249
6250
6251
6252
6253
6254
6255
6256
6257
6258
6259
6260
6261
6262
6263
6264
6265
6266
6267
6268
6269
6270
6271
6272
6273
6274
6275
6276
6277
6278
6279
6280
6281
6282
6283
6284
6285
6286
6287
6288
6289
6290
6291
6292
6293
6294
6295
6296
6297
6298
6299
6300
6301
6302
6303
6304
6305
6306
6307
6308
6309
6310
6311
6312
6313
6314
6315
6316
6317
6318
6319
6320
6321
6322
6323
6324
6325
6326
6327
6328
6329
6330
6331
6332
6333
6334
6335
6336
6337
6338
6339
6340
6341
6342
6343
6344
6345
6346
6347
6348
6349
6350
6351
6352
6353
6354
6355
6356
6357
6358
6359
6360
6361
6362
6363
6364
6365
6366
6367
6368
6369
6370
6371
6372
6373
6374
6375
6376
6377
6378
6379
6380
6381
6382
6383
6384
6385
6386
6387
6388
6389
6390
6391
6392
6393
6394
6395
6396
6397
6398
6399
6400
6401
6402
6403
6404
6405
6406
6407
6408
6409
6410
6411
6412
6413
6414
6415
6416
6417
6418
6419
6420
6421
6422
6423
6424
6425
6426
6427
6428
6429
6430
6431
6432
6433
6434
6435
6436
6437
6438
6439
6440
6441
6442
6443
6444
6445
6446
6447
6448
6449
6450
6451
6452
6453
6454
6455
6456
6457
6458
6459
6460
6461
6462
6463
6464
6465
6466
6467
6468
6469
6470
6471
6472
6473
6474
6475
6476
6477
6478
6479
6480
6481
6482
6483
6484
6485
6486
6487
6488
6489
6490
6491
6492
6493
6494
6495
6496
6497
6498
6499
6500
6501
6502
6503
6504
6505
6506
6507
6508
6509
6510
6511
6512
6513
6514
6515
6516
6517
6518
6519
6520
6521
6522
6523
6524
6525
6526
6527
6528
6529
6530
6531
6532
6533
6534
6535
6536
6537
6538
6539
6540
6541
6542
6543
6544
6545
6546
6547
6548
6549
6550
6551
6552
6553
6554
6555
6556
6557
6558
6559
6560
6561
6562
6563
6564
6565
6566
6567
6568
6569
6570
6571
6572
6573
6574
6575
6576
6577
6578
6579
6580
6581
6582
6583
6584
6585
6586
6587
6588
6589
6590
6591
6592
6593
6594
6595
6596
6597
6598
6599
6600
6601
6602
6603
6604
6605
6606
6607
6608
6609
6610
6611
6612
6613
6614
6615
6616
6617
6618
6619
6620
6621
6622
6623
6624
6625
6626
6627
6628
6629
6630
6631
6632
6633
6634
6635
6636
6637
6638
6639
6640
6641
6642
6643
6644
6645
6646
6647
6648
6649
6650
6651
6652
6653
6654
6655
6656
6657
6658
6659
6660
6661
6662
6663
6664
6665
6666
6667
6668
6669
6670
6671
6672
6673
6674
6675
6676
6677
6678
6679
6680
6681
6682
6683
6684
6685
6686
6687
6688
6689
6690
6691
6692
6693
6694
6695
6696
6697
6698
6699
6700
6701
6702
6703
6704
6705
6706
6707
6708
6709
6710
6711
6712
6713
6714
6715
6716
6717
6718
6719
6720
6721
6722
6723
6724
6725
6726
6727
6728
6729
6730
6731
6732
6733
6734
6735
6736
6737
6738
6739
6740
6741
6742
6743
6744
6745
6746
6747
6748
6749
6750
6751
6752
6753
6754
6755
6756
6757
6758
6759
6760
6761
6762
6763
6764
6765
6766
6767
6768
6769
6770
6771
6772
6773
6774
6775
6776
6777
6778
6779
6780
6781
6782
6783
6784
6785
6786
6787
6788
6789
6790
6791
6792
6793
6794
6795
6796
6797
6798
6799
6800
6801
6802
6803
6804
6805
6806
6807
6808
6809
6810
6811
6812
6813
6814
6815
6816
6817
6818
6819
6820
6821
6822
6823
6824
6825
6826
6827
6828
6829
6830
6831
6832
6833
6834
6835
6836
6837
6838
6839
6840
6841
6842
6843
6844
6845
6846
6847
6848
6849
6850
6851
6852
6853
6854
6855
6856
6857
6858
6859
6860
6861
6862
6863
6864
6865
6866
6867
6868
6869
6870
6871
6872
6873
6874
6875
6876
6877
6878
6879
6880
6881
6882
6883
6884
6885
6886
6887
6888
6889
6890
6891
6892
6893
6894
6895
6896
6897
6898
6899
6900
6901
6902
6903
6904
6905
6906
6907
6908
6909
6910
6911
6912
6913
6914
6915
6916
6917
6918
6919
6920
6921
6922
6923
6924
6925
6926
6927
6928
6929
6930
6931
6932
6933
6934
6935
6936
6937
6938
6939
6940
6941
6942
6943
6944
6945
6946
6947
6948
6949
6950
6951
6952
6953
6954
6955
6956
6957
6958
6959
6960
6961
6962
6963
6964
6965
6966
6967
6968
6969
6970
6971
6972
6973
6974
6975
6976
6977
6978
6979
6980
6981
6982
6983
6984
6985
6986
6987
6988
6989
6990
6991
6992
6993
6994
6995
6996
6997
6998
6999
7000
7001
7002
7003
7004
7005
7006
7007
7008
7009
7010
7011
7012
7013
7014
7015
7016
7017
7018
7019
7020
7021
7022
7023
7024
7025
7026
7027
7028
7029
7030
7031
7032
7033
7034
7035
7036
7037
7038
7039
7040
7041
7042
7043
7044
7045
7046
7047
7048
7049
7050
7051
7052
7053
7054
7055
7056
7057
7058
7059
7060
7061
7062
7063
7064
7065
7066
7067
7068
7069
7070
7071
7072
7073
7074
7075
7076
7077
7078
7079
7080
7081
7082
7083
7084
7085
7086
7087
7088
7089
7090
7091
7092
7093
7094
7095
7096
7097
7098
7099
7100
7101
7102
7103
7104
7105
7106
7107
7108
7109
7110
7111
7112
7113
7114
7115
7116
7117
7118
7119
7120
7121
7122
7123
7124
7125
7126
7127
7128
7129
7130
7131
7132
7133
7134
7135
7136
7137
7138
7139
7140
7141
7142
7143
7144
7145
7146
7147
7148
7149
7150
7151
7152
7153
7154
7155
7156
7157
7158
7159
7160
7161
7162
7163
7164
7165
7166
7167
7168
7169
7170
7171
7172
7173
7174
7175
7176
7177
7178
7179
7180
7181
7182
7183
7184
7185
7186
7187
7188
7189
7190
7191
7192
7193
7194
7195
7196
7197
7198
7199
7200
7201
7202
7203
7204
7205
7206
7207
7208
7209
7210
7211
7212
7213
7214
7215
7216
7217
7218
7219
7220
7221
7222
7223
7224
7225
7226
7227
7228
7229
7230
7231
7232
7233
7234
7235
7236
7237
7238
7239
7240
7241
7242
7243
7244
7245
7246
7247
7248
7249
7250
7251
7252
7253
7254
7255
7256
7257
7258
7259
7260
7261
7262
7263
7264
7265
7266
7267
7268
7269
7270
7271
7272
7273
7274
7275
7276
7277
7278
7279
7280
7281
7282
7283
7284
7285
7286
7287
7288
7289
7290
7291
7292
7293
7294
7295
7296
7297
7298
7299
7300
7301
7302
7303
7304
7305
7306
7307
7308
7309
7310
7311
7312
7313
7314
7315
7316
7317
7318
7319
7320
7321
7322
7323
7324
7325
7326
7327
7328
7329
7330
7331
7332
7333
7334
7335
7336
7337
7338
7339
7340
7341
7342
7343
7344
7345
7346
7347
7348
7349
7350
7351
7352
7353
7354
7355
7356
7357
7358
7359
7360
7361
7362
7363
7364
7365
7366
7367
7368
7369
7370
7371
7372
7373
7374
7375
7376
7377
7378
7379
7380
7381
7382
7383
7384
7385
7386
7387
7388
7389
7390
7391
7392
7393
7394
7395
7396
7397
7398
7399
7400
7401
7402
7403
7404
7405
7406
7407
7408
7409
7410
7411
7412
7413
7414
7415
7416
7417
7418
7419
7420
7421
7422
7423
7424
7425
7426
7427
7428
7429
7430
7431
7432
7433
7434
7435
7436
7437
7438
7439
7440
7441
7442
7443
7444
7445
7446
7447
7448
7449
7450
7451
7452
7453
7454
7455
7456
7457
7458
7459
7460
7461
7462
7463
7464
7465
7466
7467
7468
7469
7470
7471
7472
7473
7474
7475
7476
7477
7478
7479
7480
7481
7482
7483
7484
7485
7486
7487
7488
7489
7490
7491
7492
7493
7494
7495
7496
7497
7498
7499
7500
7501
7502
7503
7504
7505
7506
7507
7508
7509
7510
7511
7512
7513
7514
7515
7516
7517
7518
7519
7520
7521
7522
7523
7524
7525
7526
7527
7528
7529
7530
7531
7532
7533
7534
7535
7536
7537
7538
7539
7540
7541
7542
7543
7544
7545
7546
7547
7548
7549
7550
7551
7552
7553
7554
7555
7556
7557
7558
7559
7560
7561
7562
7563
7564
7565
7566
7567
7568
7569
7570
7571
7572
7573
7574
7575
7576
7577
7578
7579
7580
7581
7582
7583
7584
7585
7586
7587
7588
7589
7590
7591
7592
7593
7594
7595
7596
7597
7598
7599
7600
7601
7602
7603
7604
7605
7606
7607
7608
7609
7610
7611
7612
7613
7614
7615
7616
7617
7618
7619
7620
7621
7622
7623
7624
7625
7626
7627
7628
7629
7630
7631
7632
7633
7634
7635
7636
7637
7638
7639
7640
7641
7642
7643
7644
7645
7646
7647
7648
7649
7650
7651
7652
7653
7654
7655
7656
7657
7658
7659
7660
7661
7662
7663
7664
7665
7666
7667
7668
7669
7670
7671
7672
7673
7674
7675
7676
7677
7678
7679
7680
7681
7682
7683
7684
7685
7686
7687
7688
7689
7690
7691
7692
7693
7694
7695
7696
7697
7698
7699
7700
7701
7702
7703
7704
7705
7706
7707
7708
7709
7710
7711
7712
7713
7714
7715
7716
7717
7718
7719
7720
7721
7722
7723
7724
7725
7726
7727
7728
7729
7730
7731
7732
7733
7734
7735
7736
7737
7738
7739
7740
7741
7742
7743
7744
7745
7746
7747
7748
7749
7750
7751
7752
7753
7754
7755
7756
7757
7758
7759
7760
7761
7762
7763
7764
7765
7766
7767
7768
7769
7770
7771
7772
7773
7774
7775
7776
7777
7778
7779
7780
7781
7782
7783
7784
7785
7786
7787
7788
7789
7790
7791
7792
7793
7794
7795
7796
7797
7798
7799
7800
7801
7802
7803
7804
7805
7806
7807
7808
7809
7810
7811
7812
7813
7814
7815
7816
7817
7818
7819
7820
7821
7822
7823
7824
7825
7826
7827
7828
7829
7830
7831
7832
7833
7834
7835
7836
7837
7838
7839
7840
7841
7842
7843
7844
7845
7846
7847
7848
7849
7850
7851
7852
7853
7854
7855
7856
7857
7858
7859
7860
7861
7862
7863
7864
7865
7866
7867
7868
7869
7870
7871
7872
7873
7874
7875
7876
7877
7878
7879
7880
7881
7882
7883
7884
7885
7886
7887
7888
7889
7890
7891
7892
7893
7894
7895
7896
7897
7898
7899
7900
7901
7902
7903
7904
7905
7906
7907
7908
7909
7910
7911
7912
7913
7914
7915
7916
7917
7918
7919
7920
7921
7922
7923
7924
7925
7926
7927
7928
7929
7930
7931
7932
7933
7934
7935
7936
7937
7938
7939
7940
7941
7942
7943
7944
7945
7946
7947
7948
7949
7950
7951
7952
7953
7954
7955
7956
7957
7958
7959
7960
7961
7962
7963
7964
7965
7966
7967
7968
7969
7970
7971
7972
7973
7974
7975
7976
7977
7978
7979
7980
7981
7982
7983
7984
7985
7986
7987
7988
7989
7990
7991
7992
7993
7994
7995
7996
7997
7998
7999
8000
8001
8002
8003
8004
8005
8006
8007
8008
8009
8010
8011
8012
8013
8014
8015
8016
8017
8018
8019
8020
8021
8022
8023
8024
8025
8026
8027
8028
8029
8030
8031
8032
8033
8034
8035
8036
8037
8038
8039
8040
8041
8042
8043
8044
8045
8046
8047
8048
8049
8050
8051
8052
8053
8054
8055
8056
8057
8058
8059
8060
8061
8062
8063
8064
8065
8066
8067
8068
8069
8070
8071
8072
8073
8074
8075
8076
8077
8078
8079
8080
8081
8082
8083
8084
8085
8086
8087
8088
8089
8090
8091
8092
8093
8094
8095
8096
8097
8098
8099
8100
8101
8102
8103
8104
8105
8106
8107
8108
8109
8110
8111
8112
8113
8114
8115
8116
8117
8118
8119
8120
8121
8122
8123
8124
8125
8126
8127
8128
8129
8130
8131
8132
8133
8134
8135
8136
8137
8138
8139
8140
8141
8142
8143
8144
8145
8146
8147
8148
8149
8150
8151
8152
8153
8154
8155
8156
8157
8158
8159
8160
8161
8162
8163
8164
8165
8166
8167
8168
8169
8170
8171
8172
8173
8174
8175
8176
8177
8178
8179
8180
8181
8182
8183
8184
8185
8186
8187
8188
8189
8190
8191
8192
8193
8194
8195
8196
8197
8198
8199
8200
8201
8202
8203
8204
8205
8206
8207
8208
8209
8210
8211
8212
8213
8214
8215
8216
8217
8218
8219
8220
8221
8222
8223
8224
8225
8226
8227
8228
8229
8230
8231
8232
8233
8234
8235
8236
8237
8238
8239
8240
8241
8242
8243
8244
8245
8246
8247
8248
8249
8250
8251
8252
8253
8254
8255
8256
8257
8258
8259
8260
8261
8262
8263
8264
8265
8266
8267
8268
8269
8270
8271
8272
8273
8274
8275
8276
8277
8278
8279
8280
8281
8282
8283
8284
8285
8286
8287
8288
8289
8290
8291
8292
8293
8294
8295
8296
8297
8298
8299
8300
8301
8302
8303
8304
8305
8306
8307
8308
8309
8310
8311
8312
8313
8314
8315
8316
8317
8318
8319
8320
8321
8322
8323
8324
8325
8326
8327
8328
8329
8330
8331
8332
8333
8334
8335
8336
8337
8338
8339
8340
8341
8342
8343
8344
8345
8346
8347
8348
8349
8350
8351
8352
8353
8354
8355
8356
8357
8358
8359
8360
8361
8362
8363
8364
8365
8366
8367
8368
8369
8370
8371
8372
8373
8374
8375
8376
8377
8378
8379
8380
8381
8382
8383
8384
8385
8386
8387
8388
8389
8390
8391
8392
8393
8394
8395
8396
8397
8398
8399
8400
8401
8402
8403
8404
8405
8406
8407
8408
8409
8410
8411
8412
8413
8414
8415
8416
8417
8418
8419
8420
8421
8422
8423
8424
8425
8426
8427
8428
8429
8430
8431
8432
8433
8434
8435
8436
8437
8438
8439
8440
8441
8442
8443
8444
8445
8446
8447
8448
8449
8450
8451
8452
8453
8454
8455
8456
8457
8458
8459
8460
8461
8462
8463
8464
8465
8466
8467
8468
8469
8470
8471
8472
8473
8474
8475
8476
8477
8478
8479
8480
8481
8482
8483
8484
8485
8486
8487
8488
8489
8490
8491
8492
8493
8494
8495
8496
8497
8498
8499
8500
8501
8502
8503
8504
8505
8506
8507
8508
8509
8510
8511
8512
8513
8514
8515
8516
8517
8518
8519
8520
8521
8522
8523
8524
8525
8526
8527
8528
8529
8530
8531
8532
8533
8534
8535
8536
8537
8538
8539
8540
8541
8542
8543
8544
8545
8546
8547
8548
8549
8550
8551
8552
8553
8554
8555
8556
8557
8558
8559
8560
8561
8562
8563
8564
8565
8566
8567
8568
8569
8570
8571
8572
8573
8574
8575
8576
8577
8578
8579
8580
8581
8582
8583
8584
8585
8586
8587
8588
8589
8590
8591
8592
8593
8594
8595
8596
8597
8598
8599
8600
8601
8602
8603
8604
8605
8606
8607
8608
8609
8610
8611
8612
8613
8614
8615
8616
8617
8618
8619
8620
8621
8622
8623
8624
8625
8626
8627
8628
8629
8630
8631
8632
8633
8634
8635
8636
8637
8638
8639
8640
8641
8642
8643
8644
8645
8646
8647
8648
8649
8650
8651
8652
8653
8654
8655
8656
8657
8658
8659
8660
8661
8662
8663
8664
8665
8666
8667
8668
8669
8670
8671
8672
8673
8674
8675
8676
8677
8678
8679
8680
8681
8682
8683
8684
8685
8686
8687
8688
8689
8690
8691
8692
8693
8694
8695
8696
8697
8698
8699
8700
8701
8702
8703
8704
8705
8706
8707
8708
8709
8710
8711
8712
8713
8714
8715
8716
8717
8718
8719
8720
8721
8722
8723
8724
8725
8726
8727
8728
8729
8730
8731
8732
8733
8734
8735
8736
8737
8738
8739
8740
8741
8742
8743
8744
8745
8746
8747
8748
8749
8750
8751
8752
8753
8754
8755
8756
8757
8758
8759
8760
8761
8762
8763
8764
8765
8766
8767
8768
8769
8770
8771
8772
8773
8774
8775
8776
8777
8778
8779
8780
8781
8782
8783
8784
8785
8786
8787
8788
8789
8790
8791
8792
8793
8794
8795
8796
8797
8798
8799
8800
8801
8802
8803
8804
8805
8806
8807
8808
8809
8810
8811
8812
8813
8814
8815
8816
8817
8818
8819
8820
8821
8822
8823
8824
8825
8826
8827
8828
8829
8830
8831
8832
8833
8834
8835
8836
8837
8838
8839
8840
8841
8842
8843
8844
8845
8846
8847
8848
8849
8850
8851
8852
8853
8854
8855
8856
8857
8858
8859
8860
8861
8862
8863
8864
8865
8866
8867
8868
8869
8870
8871
8872
8873
8874
8875
8876
8877
8878
8879
8880
8881
8882
8883
8884
8885
8886
8887
8888
8889
8890
8891
8892
8893
8894
8895
8896
8897
8898
8899
8900
8901
8902
8903
8904
8905
8906
8907
8908
8909
8910
8911
8912
8913
8914
8915
8916
8917
8918
8919
8920
8921
8922
8923
8924
8925
8926
8927
8928
8929
8930
8931
8932
8933
8934
8935
8936
8937
8938
8939
8940
8941
8942
8943
8944
8945
8946
8947
8948
8949
8950
8951
8952
8953
8954
8955
8956
8957
8958
8959
8960
8961
8962
8963
8964
8965
8966
8967
8968
8969
8970
8971
8972
8973
8974
8975
8976
8977
8978
8979
8980
8981
8982
8983
8984
8985
8986
8987
8988
8989
8990
8991
8992
8993
8994
8995
8996
8997
8998
8999
9000
9001
9002
9003
9004
9005
9006
9007
9008
9009
9010
9011
9012
9013
9014
9015
9016
9017
9018
9019
9020
9021
9022
9023
9024
9025
9026
9027
9028
9029
9030
9031
9032
9033
9034
9035
9036
9037
9038
9039
9040
9041
9042
9043
9044
9045
9046
9047
9048
9049
9050
9051
9052
9053
9054
9055
9056
9057
9058
9059
9060
9061
9062
9063
9064
9065
9066
9067
9068
9069
9070
9071
9072
9073
9074
9075
9076
9077
9078
9079
9080
9081
9082
9083
9084
9085
9086
9087
9088
9089
9090
9091
9092
9093
9094
9095
9096
9097
9098
9099
9100
9101
9102
9103
9104
9105
9106
9107
9108
9109
9110
9111
9112
9113
9114
9115
9116
9117
9118
9119
9120
9121
9122
9123
9124
9125
9126
9127
9128
9129
9130
9131
9132
9133
9134
9135
9136
9137
9138
9139
9140
9141
9142
9143
9144
9145
9146
9147
9148
9149
9150
9151
9152
9153
9154
9155
9156
9157
9158
9159
9160
9161
9162
9163
9164
9165
9166
9167
9168
9169
9170
9171
9172
9173
9174
9175
9176
9177
9178
9179
9180
9181
9182
9183
9184
9185
9186
9187
9188
9189
9190
9191
9192
9193
9194
9195
9196
9197
9198
9199
9200
9201
9202
9203
9204
9205
9206
9207
9208
9209
9210
9211
9212
9213
9214
9215
9216
9217
9218
9219
9220
9221
9222
9223
9224
9225
9226
9227
9228
9229
9230
9231
9232
9233
9234
9235
9236
9237
9238
9239
9240
9241
9242
9243
9244
9245
9246
9247
9248
9249
9250
9251
9252
9253
9254
9255
9256
9257
9258
9259
9260
9261
9262
9263
9264
9265
9266
9267
9268
9269
9270
9271
9272
9273
9274
9275
9276
9277
9278
9279
9280
9281
9282
9283
9284
9285
9286
9287
9288
9289
9290
9291
9292
9293
9294
9295
9296
9297
9298
9299
9300
9301
9302
9303
9304
9305
9306
9307
9308
9309
9310
9311
9312
9313
9314
9315
9316
9317
9318
9319
9320
9321
9322
9323
9324
9325
9326
9327
9328
9329
9330
9331
9332
9333
9334
9335
9336
9337
9338
9339
9340
9341
9342
9343
9344
9345
9346
9347
9348
9349
9350
9351
9352
9353
9354
9355
9356
9357
9358
9359
9360
9361
9362
9363
9364
9365
9366
9367
9368
9369
9370
9371
9372
9373
9374
9375
9376
9377
9378
9379
9380
9381
9382
9383
9384
9385
9386
9387
9388
9389
9390
9391
9392
9393
9394
9395
9396
9397
9398
9399
9400
9401
9402
9403
9404
9405
9406
9407
9408
9409
9410
9411
9412
9413
9414
9415
9416
9417
9418
9419
9420
9421
9422
9423
9424
9425
9426
9427
9428
9429
9430
9431
9432
9433
9434
9435
9436
9437
9438
9439
9440
9441
9442
9443
9444
9445
9446
9447
9448
9449
9450
9451
9452
9453
9454
9455
9456
9457
9458
9459
9460
9461
9462
9463
9464
9465
9466
9467
9468
9469
9470
9471
9472
9473
9474
9475
9476
9477
9478
9479
9480
9481
9482
9483
9484
9485
9486
9487
9488
9489
9490
9491
9492
9493
9494
9495
9496
9497
9498
9499
9500
9501
9502
9503
9504
9505
9506
9507
9508
9509
9510
9511
9512
9513
9514
9515
9516
9517
9518
9519
9520
9521
9522
9523
9524
9525
9526
9527
9528
9529
9530
9531
9532
9533
9534
9535
9536
9537
9538
9539
9540
9541
9542
9543
9544
9545
9546
9547
9548
9549
9550
9551
9552
9553
9554
9555
9556
9557
9558
9559
9560
9561
9562
9563
9564
9565
9566
9567
9568
9569
9570
9571
9572
9573
9574
9575
9576
9577
9578
9579
9580
9581
9582
9583
9584
9585
9586
9587
9588
9589
9590
9591
9592
9593
9594
9595
9596
9597
9598
9599
9600
9601
9602
9603
9604
9605
9606
9607
9608
9609
9610
9611
9612
9613
9614
9615
9616
9617
9618
9619
9620
9621
9622
9623
9624
9625
9626
9627
9628
9629
9630
9631
9632
9633
9634
9635
9636
9637
9638
9639
9640
9641
9642
9643
9644
9645
9646
9647
9648
9649
9650
9651
9652
9653
9654
9655
9656
9657
9658
9659
9660
9661
9662
9663
9664
9665
9666
9667
9668
9669
9670
9671
9672
9673
9674
9675
9676
9677
9678
9679
9680
9681
9682
9683
9684
9685
9686
9687
9688
9689
9690
9691
9692
9693
9694
9695
9696
9697
9698
9699
9700
9701
9702
9703
9704
9705
9706
9707
9708
9709
9710
9711
9712
9713
9714
9715
9716
9717
9718
9719
9720
9721
9722
9723
9724
9725
9726
9727
9728
9729
9730
9731
9732
9733
9734
9735
9736
9737
9738
9739
9740
9741
9742
9743
9744
9745
9746
9747
9748
9749
9750
9751
9752
9753
9754
9755
9756
9757
9758
9759
9760
9761
9762
9763
9764
9765
9766
9767
9768
9769
9770
9771
9772
9773
9774
9775
9776
9777
9778
9779
9780
9781
9782
9783
9784
9785
9786
9787
9788
9789
9790
9791
9792
9793
9794
9795
9796
9797
9798
9799
9800
9801
9802
9803
9804
9805
9806
9807
9808
9809
9810
9811
9812
9813
9814
9815
9816
9817
9818
9819
9820
9821
9822
9823
9824
9825
9826
9827
9828
9829
9830
9831
9832
9833
9834
9835
9836
9837
9838
9839
9840
9841
9842
9843
9844
9845
9846
9847
9848
9849
9850
9851
9852
9853
9854
9855
9856
9857
9858
9859
9860
9861
9862
9863
9864
9865
9866
9867
9868
9869
9870
9871
9872
9873
9874
9875
9876
9877
9878
9879
9880
9881
9882
9883
9884
9885
9886
9887
9888
9889
9890
9891
9892
9893
9894
9895
9896
9897
9898
9899
9900
9901
9902
9903
9904
9905
9906
9907
9908
9909
9910
9911
9912
9913
9914
9915
9916
9917
9918
9919
9920
9921
9922
9923
9924
9925
9926
9927
9928
9929
9930
9931
9932
9933
9934
9935
9936
9937
9938
9939
9940
9941
9942
9943
9944
9945
9946
9947
9948
9949
9950
9951
9952
9953
9954
9955
9956
9957
9958
9959
9960
9961
9962
9963
9964
9965
9966
9967
9968
9969
9970
9971
9972
9973
9974
9975
9976
9977
9978
9979
9980
9981
9982
9983
9984
9985
9986
9987
9988
9989
9990
9991
9992
9993
9994
9995
9996
9997
9998
9999
10000
10001
10002
10003
10004
10005
10006
10007
10008
10009
10010
10011
10012
10013
10014
10015
10016
10017
10018
10019
10020
10021
10022
10023
10024
10025
10026
10027
10028
10029
10030
10031
10032
10033
10034
10035
10036
10037
10038
10039
10040
10041
10042
10043
10044
10045
10046
10047
10048
10049
10050
10051
10052
10053
10054
10055
10056
10057
10058
10059
10060
10061
10062
10063
10064
10065
10066
10067
10068
10069
10070
10071
10072
10073
10074
10075
10076
10077
10078
10079
10080
10081
10082
10083
10084
10085
10086
10087
10088
10089
10090
10091
10092
10093
10094
10095
10096
10097
10098
10099
10100
10101
10102
10103
10104
10105
10106
10107
10108
10109
10110
10111
10112
10113
10114
10115
10116
10117
10118
10119
10120
10121
10122
10123
10124
10125
10126
10127
10128
10129
10130
10131
10132
10133
10134
10135
10136
10137
10138
10139
10140
10141
10142
10143
10144
10145
10146
10147
10148
10149
10150
10151
10152
10153
10154
10155
10156
10157
10158
10159
10160
10161
10162
10163
10164
10165
10166
10167
10168
10169
10170
10171
10172
10173
10174
10175
10176
10177
10178
10179
10180
10181
10182
10183
10184
10185
10186
10187
10188
10189
10190
10191
10192
10193
10194
10195
10196
10197
10198
10199
10200
10201
10202
10203
10204
10205
10206
10207
10208
10209
10210
10211
10212
10213
10214
10215
10216
10217
10218
10219
10220
10221
10222
10223
10224
10225
10226
10227
10228
10229
10230
10231
10232
10233
10234
10235
10236
10237
10238
10239
10240
10241
10242
10243
10244
10245
10246
10247
10248
10249
10250
10251
10252
10253
10254
10255
10256
10257
10258
10259
10260
10261
10262
10263
10264
10265
10266
10267
10268
10269
10270
10271
10272
10273
10274
10275
10276
10277
10278
10279
10280
10281
10282
10283
10284
10285
10286
10287
10288
10289
10290
10291
10292
10293
10294
10295
10296
10297
10298
10299
10300
10301
10302
10303
10304
10305
10306
10307
10308
10309
10310
10311
10312
10313
10314
10315
10316
10317
10318
10319
10320
10321
10322
10323
10324
10325
10326
10327
10328
10329
10330
10331
10332
10333
10334
10335
10336
10337
10338
10339
10340
10341
10342
10343
10344
10345
10346
10347
10348
10349
10350
10351
10352
10353
10354
10355
10356
10357
10358
10359
10360
10361
10362
10363
10364
10365
10366
10367
10368
10369
10370
10371
10372
10373
10374
10375
10376
10377
10378
10379
10380
10381
10382
10383
10384
10385
10386
10387
10388
10389
10390
10391
10392
10393
10394
10395
10396
10397
10398
10399
10400
10401
10402
10403
10404
10405
10406
10407
10408
10409
10410
10411
10412
10413
10414
10415
10416
10417
10418
10419
10420
10421
10422
10423
10424
10425
10426
10427
10428
10429
10430
10431
10432
10433
10434
10435
10436
10437
10438
10439
10440
10441
10442
10443
10444
10445
10446
10447
10448
10449
10450
10451
10452
10453
10454
10455
10456
10457
10458
10459
10460
10461
10462
10463
10464
10465
10466
10467
10468
10469
10470
10471
10472
10473
10474
10475
10476
10477
10478
10479
10480
10481
10482
10483
10484
10485
10486
10487
10488
10489
10490
10491
10492
10493
10494
10495
10496
10497
10498
10499
10500
10501
10502
10503
10504
10505
10506
10507
10508
10509
10510
10511
10512
10513
10514
10515
10516
10517
10518
10519
10520
10521
10522
10523
10524
10525
10526
10527
10528
10529
10530
10531
10532
10533
10534
10535
10536
10537
10538
10539
10540
10541
10542
10543
10544
10545
10546
10547
10548
10549
10550
10551
10552
10553
10554
10555
10556
10557
10558
10559
10560
10561
10562
10563
10564
10565
10566
10567
10568
10569
10570
10571
10572
10573
10574
10575
10576
10577
10578
10579
10580
10581
10582
10583
10584
10585
10586
10587
10588
10589
10590
10591
10592
10593
10594
10595
10596
10597
10598
10599
10600
10601
10602
10603
10604
10605
10606
10607
10608
10609
10610
10611
10612
10613
10614
10615
10616
10617
10618
10619
10620
10621
10622
10623
10624
10625
10626
10627
10628
10629
10630
10631
10632
10633
10634
10635
10636
10637
10638
10639
10640
10641
10642
10643
10644
10645
10646
10647
10648
10649
10650
10651
10652
10653
10654
10655
10656
10657
10658
10659
10660
10661
10662
10663
10664
10665
10666
10667
10668
10669
10670
10671
10672
10673
10674
10675
10676
10677
10678
10679
10680
10681
10682
10683
10684
10685
10686
10687
10688
10689
10690
10691
10692
10693
10694
10695
10696
10697
10698
10699
10700
10701
10702
10703
10704
10705
10706
10707
10708
10709
10710
10711
10712
10713
10714
10715
10716
10717
10718
10719
10720
10721
10722
10723
10724
10725
10726
10727
10728
10729
10730
10731
10732
10733
10734
10735
10736
10737
10738
10739
10740
10741
10742
10743
10744
10745
10746
10747
10748
10749
10750
10751
10752
10753
10754
10755
10756
10757
10758
10759
10760
10761
10762
10763
10764
10765
10766
10767
10768
10769
10770
10771
10772
10773
10774
10775
10776
10777
10778
10779
10780
10781
10782
10783
10784
10785
10786
10787
10788
10789
10790
10791
10792
10793
10794
10795
10796
10797
10798
10799
10800
10801
10802
10803
10804
10805
10806
10807
10808
10809
10810
10811
10812
10813
10814
10815
10816
10817
10818
10819
10820
10821
10822
10823
10824
10825
10826
10827
10828
10829
10830
10831
10832
10833
10834
10835
10836
10837
10838
10839
10840
10841
10842
10843
10844
10845
10846
10847
10848
10849
10850
10851
10852
10853
10854
10855
10856
10857
10858
10859
10860
10861
10862
10863
10864
10865
10866
10867
10868
10869
10870
10871
10872
10873
10874
10875
10876
10877
10878
10879
10880
10881
10882
10883
10884
10885
10886
10887
10888
10889
10890
10891
10892
10893
10894
10895
10896
10897
10898
10899
10900
10901
10902
10903
10904
10905
10906
10907
10908
10909
10910
10911
10912
10913
10914
10915
10916
10917
10918
10919
10920
10921
10922
10923
10924
10925
10926
10927
10928
10929
10930
10931
10932
10933
10934
10935
10936
10937
10938
10939
10940
10941
10942
10943
10944
10945
10946
10947
10948
10949
10950
10951
10952
10953
10954
10955
10956
10957
10958
10959
10960
10961
10962
10963
10964
10965
10966
10967
10968
10969
10970
10971
10972
10973
10974
10975
10976
10977
10978
10979
10980
10981
10982
10983
10984
10985
10986
10987
10988
10989
10990
10991
10992
10993
10994
10995
10996
10997
10998
10999
11000
11001
11002
11003
11004
11005
11006
11007
11008
11009
11010
11011
11012
11013
11014
11015
11016
11017
11018
11019
11020
11021
11022
11023
11024
11025
11026
11027
11028
11029
11030
11031
11032
11033
11034
11035
11036
11037
11038
11039
11040
11041
11042
11043
11044
11045
11046
11047
11048
11049
11050
11051
11052
11053
11054
11055
11056
11057
11058
11059
11060
11061
11062
11063
11064
11065
11066
11067
11068
11069
11070
11071
11072
11073
11074
11075
11076
11077
11078
11079
11080
11081
11082
11083
11084
11085
11086
11087
11088
11089
11090
11091
11092
11093
11094
11095
11096
11097
11098
11099
11100
11101
11102
11103
11104
11105
11106
11107
11108
11109
11110
11111
11112
11113
11114
11115
11116
11117
11118
11119
11120
11121
11122
11123
11124
11125
11126
11127
11128
11129
11130
11131
11132
11133
11134
11135
11136
11137
11138
11139
11140
11141
11142
11143
11144
11145
11146
11147
11148
11149
11150
11151
11152
11153
11154
11155
|
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en">
<head>
<meta name="generator" content=
"HTML Tidy for Linux/x86 (vers 25 March 2009), see www.w3.org" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
<link rel="schema.DC" href="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" />
<meta name="DC.Creator" content="J. H. Hanson" />
<meta name="DC.Title" content=
"The Northfield Tragedy, or the Robber's Raid" />
<meta name="DC.Date" content="January 6, 2014" />
<meta name="DC.Language" content="English" />
<meta name="DC.Publisher" content="Project Gutenberg" />
<meta name="DC.Identifier" content=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/44609" />
<meta name="DC.Rights" content="This text is in the public domain." />
<title>The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Northfield Tragedy, or the
Robber's Raid by J. H. Hanson</title>
<style type="text/css">
/*<![CDATA[*/
/*
The Gnutenberg Press - default CSS2 stylesheet
Any generated element will have a class "tei" and a class "tei-elem"
where elem is the element name in TEI.
The order of statements is important !!!
*/
.tei { margin: 0; padding: 0;
font-size: 100%; font-weight: normal; font-style: normal }
.block { display: block; }
.inline { display: inline; }
.floatleft { float: left; margin: 1em 2em 1em 0; }
.floatright { float: right; margin: 1em 0 1em 2em; }
.shaded { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;
padding: 1em; background-color: #eee; }
.boxed { margin-top: 1em; margin-bottom: 1em;
padding: 1em; border: 1px solid black; }
body.tei { margin: 4ex 10%; text-align: justify }
div.tei { margin: 2em 0em }
p.tei { margin: 0em 0em 1em 0em; text-indent: 0em; }
blockquote.tei { margin: 2em 4em }
div.tei-lg { margin: 1em 0em; }
div.tei-l { margin: 0em; text-align: left; }
div.tei-tb { text-align: center; }
div.tei-epigraph { margin: 0em 0em 1em 10em; }
div.tei-dateline { margin: 1ex 0em; text-align: right }
div.tei-salute { margin: 1ex 0em; }
div.tei-signed { margin: 1ex 0em; text-align: right }
div.tei-byline { margin: 1ex 0em; }
/* calculate from size of body = 80% */
div.tei-marginnote { margin: 0em 0em 0em -12%; width: 11%; float: left; }
div.tei-sp { margin: 1em 0em 1em 2em }
div.tei-speaker { margin: 0em 0em 1em -2em;
font-weight: bold; text-indent: 0em }
div.tei-stage { margin: 1em 0em; font-weight: normal; font-style: italic }
span.tei-stage { font-weight: normal; font-style: italic }
div.tei-eg { padding: 1em;
color: black; background-color: #eee }
hr.doublepage { margin: 4em 0em; height: 5px; }
hr.page { margin: 4em 0em; height: 2px; }
ul.tei-index { list-style-type: none }
dl.tei { margin: 1em 0em }
dt.tei-notelabel { font-weight: normal; text-align: right;
float: left; width: 3em }
dd.tei-notetext { margin: 0em 0em 1ex 4em }
span.tei-pb { position: absolute; left: 1%; width: 8%;
font-style: normal; }
span.code { font-family: monospace; font-size: 110%; }
ul.tei-castlist { margin: 0em; list-style-type: none }
li.tei-castitem { margin: 0em; }
table.tei-castgroup { margin: 0em; }
ul.tei-castgroup { margin: 0em; list-style-type: none;
padding-right: 2em; border-right: solid black 2px; }
caption.tei-castgroup-head { caption-side: right; width: 50%; text-align: left;
vertical-align: middle; padding-left: 2em; }
*.tei-roledesc { font-style: italic }
*.tei-set { font-style: italic }
table.rules { border-collapse: collapse; }
table.rules caption,
table.rules th,
table.rules td { border: 1px solid black; }
table.tei { border-collapse: collapse; }
table.tei-list { width: 100% }
th.tei-head-table { padding: 0.5ex 1em }
th.tei-cell { padding: 0em 1em }
td.tei-cell { padding: 0em 1em }
td.tei-item { padding: 0; font-weight: normal;
vertical-align: top; text-align: left; }
th.tei-label,
td.tei-label { width: 3em; padding: 0; font-weight: normal;
vertical-align: top; text-align: right; }
th.tei-label-gloss,
td.tei-label-gloss { text-align: left }
td.tei-item-gloss,
th.tei-headItem-gloss { padding-left: 4em; }
img.tei-formula { vertical-align: middle; }
/*]]>*/
</style>
</head>
<body class="tei">
<div lang="en" class="tei tei-text" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em" xml:lang="en">
<div class="tei tei-front" style=
"margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<div id="pgheader" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 2.00em">The Project
Gutenberg EBook of The Northfield Tragedy, or the Robber's Raid
by J. H. Hanson</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This eBook is
for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no
restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use
it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License <a href=
"#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">included with this eBook</a> or
online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a></p>
</div>
<pre class="pre tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
Title: The Northfield Tragedy, or the Robber's Raid
Author: J. H. Hanson
Release Date: January 6, 2014 [Ebook #44609]
Language: English
Character set encoding: UTF-8
***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE NORTHFIELD TRAGEDY, OR THE ROBBER'S RAID***
</pre>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em"></div>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-titlePage" style="text-align: center">
<span class="tei tei-docTitle" style=
"text-align: center"><span class="tei tei-titlePart" style=
"text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 144%">THE NORTHFIELD
TRAGEDY</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 144%">OR THE ROBBER'S
RAID</span></span><br />
<br />
<span class="tei tei-titlePart" style=
"text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 120%">A THRILLING
NARRATIVE.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">A HISTORY OF THE REMARKABLE ATTEMPT TO
ROB THE BANK AT NORTHFIELD, MINNESOTA.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE COLD-BLOODED MURDER OF THE BRAVE
CASHIER AND AN INOFFENSIVE CITIZEN.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE SLAYING OF TWO OF THE
BRIGANDS.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE WONDERFUL ROBBER HUNT AND CAPTURE
GRAPHICALLY DESCRIBED.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">BIOGRAPHIES OF THE VICTIMS, THE CAPTORS
& THE NOTORIOUS</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">YOUNGER AND JAMES GANG OF
DESPERADOES.</span></span></span>
<div class="tei tei-byline" style="text-align: center">
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
By <span class="tei tei-docAuthor" style="text-align: center">J. H.
Hanson</span><br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
<br />
</div><span class="tei tei-docImprint" style=
"text-align: center">John Jay Lemon<br />
26 Minnesota Street<br />
St. Paul, Minnesota<br /></span> <span class="tei tei-docDate" style=
"text-align: center">1876</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-body" style=
"margin-bottom: 6.00em; margin-top: 6.00em">
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">THE NORTHFIELD TRAGEDY.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"></p>
</div>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">LAYING OUT THE WORK.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Between the 23rd
of August and the 5th of September a company of strangers made their
appearance at different localities in the State of Minnesota
attracting attention by their peculiar bearing, remarkable physique,
and decidedly southern phraseology. They would appear sometimes in
pairs, and at other times there would be as many as four or five in
company. At one time they would be cattle dealers from Texas, and
again they were gentlemen in search of unimproved lands for
speculative purposes, and then again they were a party of engineers
and surveyors prospecting for a new railroad when they would make
enquires about roads, swamps, lakes and timber lands, carefully
consulting maps they had with them (published at 66 Lake Street,
Chicago, 1876), and when opportunity offered Andreas' State Atlas of
Minnesota. These men visited St. Paul, Minneapolis, St. Peter, Red
Wing, St. James, Madelia, Garden City, Lake Crystal, Mankato,
Janesville, Cordova, Millersburg, Waterville, and Northfield, putting
up at the best hotels, spending their money freely, and creating a
general impression of free handed liberality. But there was a certain
air of audacity blended with their <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">sangfroid</span></em>
and easy manners which led men to think they were no ordinary persons
and aroused speculations as to their true character and vocation. The
registers of the hotels honored by these guests bear the names of
King, Ward, Huddleston, &c., generally written in one line, but
subsequent developments prove these to be merely <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">nommes de
guerre.</span></em></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On Saturday, Sept.
3rd and Sunday five of these strangers were in Mankato, and attracted
universal attention by their peculiar carriage, suave manners, and
fine, almost <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">distingue</span></em> appearance. They were
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page4">[pg 4]</span> well dressed and
rode good horses, and sat their horses like men who were bred to the
saddle. They made several purchases in the town, and one of them
visited the City Bank and obtained change for a fifty dollar bill.
When riding through the streets they showed their excellent
horsemanship with a great amount of display and swagger entering into
conversation with several citizens upon the merits of the animals
they rode. They did not all stay at the same hotel, two of them
registering at the well known and justly celebrated Clifton House
while two others stopped at the Gates House, but it is not known
where the fifth man put up. Two of the men, however, spent most of
the night on the Sunday at a low brothel kept by the notorious
character Jack O'Niel. This foul den of infamy is just outside the
city limits on the opposite bank of the Minnesota river, and is
surrounded by heavy timber. A more fitting place for a thieves'
rendezvous, and for hatching plots or dark deeds, could hardly be
imagined. It should be stated here, that after the visit of the two
strangers, Jack O'Neil went to the Sheriff of Mankato and informed
him that three young men—living in Mankato were plotting at his house
to rob and probably murder an old man supposed to be possessed of
considerable wealth, and residing at Vernon, some eighteen miles from
Mankato. He made arrangements for the sheriff to overhear their
conversation which resulted in the arrest of three young rowdies,
Mark Ingals, George Peabody and James Quane, who were frequenters of
O'Neil's infamous den.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">A MURDER PLANNED.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It appears that an
old man named Gallager, living in a log cabin on the skirts of the
woods surrounding Vernon, was supposed to have in his possession a
considerable sum of money. The old gentleman lived alone, was known
for his parsimony, and thought to be <span class="tei tei-q">“a
penurious niggard of his wealth.”</span> The plan of these young
villians was to go to the house of the supposed miser, disguised,
pretend to be <span class="tei tei-q">“lost chicken hunters in the
woods,”</span> and induce the old man to come out and show the way.
Getting him into the woods they were to extort from him by threats
the whereabouts of his supposed hidden treasure, if threats failed,
they were to have recourse to torture, and that failing to
murder!</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">O'Neil accompanied
these scoundrels reaching the house of Gallagher about 2 o'clock.
They enticed the old man out <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">a la programme,</span></em> one placing himself
on each side of him the two others bringing up the rear. After
getting some little distance from the house, and as they were passing
a shed the one walking behind with O'Neil raised his fist armed with
brass <span class="tei tei-q">“knuckle dusters,”</span> and was about
to deal the old man a stunning blow on the head, when he was seized
by the Sheriff, who was lying in ambush within the shed. The three
were conveyed to Mankato jail and locked up, and subsequently
committed for trial upon the evidence of Jack O'Neil and the Sheriff.
There are <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page5">[pg 5]</span> those who
think the whale affair was a <span class="tei tei-q">“put up
job”</span> by the notorious Jack to get rid of the three men who
were in his way, <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">and this occurred an the morning of Tuesday, the
7th of September.</span></em></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">JESSE JAMES RECOGNIZED.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Returning to the
five strange men in Mankato, they are next seen on the streets on
Monday morning when a young man, Chas. Robinson who was acquainted
with the notorious Jesse James, went up to one of them and remarked,
<span class="tei tei-q">“How do you do, Jesse, what brings you up
this way.”</span> When the man addressed eyeing the speaker keenly
from head to foot, replied, <span class="tei tei-q">“I guess you have
mistaken your man”</span> and vaulting into the saddle, galloped
away. With this incident, the five men who had attracted so much
notice, excited so much admiration, and aroused many vague
suspicions, disappeared from Mankato. The same day five similarly
dressed, similarly mounted, and similarly appearing, strangers,
arrived in Janesville, a village, on the Winona & St. Peter
railroad, in Waseca county, about 18 miles from Mankato. As at
Mankato they stopped at different hotels, two slaying at the Johnson
house, and two at the Farmers' Home. No one know where the fifth
slept, but on leaving the village on the Tuesday morning they halted
some little distance out, and one, taking off his duster, rode back
toward the village waving it over his head; he was followed in the
maneuver by another when all four rode away. It is thought this was a
signal for the fifth man, who, it is supposed, stopped at some house
in the neighborhood.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Those, who stopped
at the Johnson house, never made their appearance at the public table
until all of the rest of the boarders had finished their meals, and
during their stay in the town declined to admit a chambermaid to
their room to arrange it. After their departure several packs of
playing cards were found in their room torn up and thrown on the
floor, and several handful of buttons of various sizes were scattered
about, showing that the inmates had been indulging in a protracted
game of <span class="tei tei-q">“poker.”</span> The girls who waited
on them at table, say they were quiet and polite, and never made any
trouble.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cordova is the
next place these <span class="tei tei-q">“gay cavaliers”</span> turn
up, all five of them staying at the same hotel, three occupying one
room, and two another with a commercial traveler, W. W. Barlow, of
Delavan, Wis., who describes them as polite, jocose fellows. They
talked considerably of cattle, and from their language and peculiar
dialect, Mr. Barlow thought them to be cattle dealers from the south.
They left the hotel at 7 o'clock in the morning, politely raising
their hats as they rode off. Cordova is about eighteen miles, almost
directly north from Janesville.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The next night,
Wednesday, saw these five men housed at Millersburg, about
twenty-four miles west and north of Cordova, in Rice county. They
left here at an early hour on Tuesday morning, and at <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page6">[pg 6]</span> about 10 o'clock appeared in
the streets of Northfield, which lies about eleven miles north-west
of the latter village.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the same
Wednesday evening, four men who answered the description of some of
the bandits stopped at a hotel in Cannon City. The landlord thinks
they were Bob Younger, Bill Chadwell, and the two men who finally
escaped. He says that the next morning, the 7th, while three of the
men were at breakfast, one retired to his room and remained a long
time with the door locked. After all had departed, the chambermaid
discovered a bloody shirt and a portion of a pair of drawers, one leg
of the latter being torn off and carried away. The drawers were
soiled with blood and matter, such as would come from an old inflamed
gun wound, and it was evident that the wearer had such a wound on one
of his legs. This is considered evidence that the man arrested in
Missouri, in October, and supposed to have been one of the James
brothers, was really him, but the alibi proved by that party appears
to be sufficient to prove that it was not.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It will be seen by
the foregoing that there were originally nine men engaged in the
plot, which gives plausibility to the opinion held by many that the
terrible tragedy which followed was the result of a plan conceived by
some Minnesota desperadoes, who engaged these desperate southern
cut-throats to assist in it.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">NORTHFIELD</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is a thriving,
pretty, little village, situated pleasantly upon both banks of the
Cannon river just thirty-nine miles from St. Paul, in Rice county, on
the St. Paul and Milwaukee railroad. A neat iron bridge unites the
northwest and the southeast sides of the town, and just above the
bridge is one of the finest mill races in the State, the water in its
incessant flow roaring like the ocean and appearing like a minature
Niagara. There is a large flouring mill on either side of the river
belonging to Messrs. Ames & Co. The public buildings are not
surpassed in the State for their beauty of design and adaptability of
construction, and the Carlton college is another institution of which
the town may well be proud. Placed as it is in the center of a rich
farming district, the citizens are considered well-to-do, and the
bank transacts a large business.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The five strangers
appeared on the streets at an early hour of the morning of September
7th, and attracted a great deal of notice from the citizens, some of
them recognizing two of the men as a party who visited the village
about a week before, stopping at the Dampier House.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At about 11
o'clock two of these horsemen drew up at Jeft's restaurant on the
northeast side of the river and asked for dinner. Jeft told them he
had nothing ready, but could cook them some eggs and ham. The men
told him to do so, ordering four eggs each. Their horses were left
standing untied at the back of the premises. After <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page7">[pg 7]</span> ordering their dinner the two
men went out into the street and after some time returned, when they
were joined by three others and all sat down to their meal. They
entered into familiar discourse with the proprietor of the house, and
asked him what was the prospect of the forthcoming Presidential
election. Jeft's reply was that he took no interest in politics, when
one of the men offered to bet him $1,000 that the State would go
Democratic. They still chatted on and seemed to be waiting for some
one. At length they left and mounted their horses which were a
sorrel, a cream color with silver tail and mane, a black, a bay, and
a brown, all fine animals, sleek and clean limbed, and showing
indications of blood. After leaving the restaurant, the five horsemen
crossed over the bridge, two remaining in bridge square and the other
three, riding up to Division street dismounted, and tied their horses
to the posts at the side of the Scriver block. They then sauntered up
toward bridge square, and after talking for some few moments leaning
against a dry goods box in front of Lee & Hitchcock's store
(Scriver block,) they walked back toward the bank which they entered.
Three other horsemen then came upon the scene and commenced at once
to ride up and down the street in dashing style, and calling upon the
citizens who from their doors were watching the eccentric proceeding,
to get back into their houses, commenced firing pistols in the air
with immense rapidity.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Greater confusion
could not be imagined than now ensued. Wherever persons were seen
upon the street, a horseman would dash up to them in full speed, and
pointing a long barrelled glittering pistol at their heads order them
to <span class="tei tei-q">“get in you G—d—s—of a b.”</span> The
streets were cleared in a few moments and stores were closed in
quicker time than it takes to tell it.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But though taken
at a disadvantage, when many of the men were out at work or away
chicken hunting, the scare of the Northfield boys was but momentary.
Collecting their perturbed thoughts men rushed about in search of
fire arms, but this most necessary desideratum for a successful
encounter with a body of desperadoes or madmen, armed to the teeth,
was found to be very scarce on</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THIS EVENTFUL DAY.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. J. B. Hide,
however, succeeded in getting a shot gun with which he blazed away at
the marauding scoundrels, or escaped lunatics, for it was not at
first exactly understood what the fellows were. Mr. Manning, armed
with a breech loading rifle, came coolly upon the field of action,
backed by Mr. L. Stacey and Mr. Phillips, while Dr. Wheeler armed
himself with an old breech loading carbine and placing himself in a
room (No. 8) in the third story of the Dampier House, delivered two
very effective shots.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE BATTLE</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was now at its
height, and firing was raging in downright earnest.</p><span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page8">[pg 8]</span>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Manning, from the
front of the Scriver block, Bates from the clothing store of Mr.
Hanauer, and Wheeler from the window directly over the clothing
store, and unobserved by the daring scoundrels, made it lively for
the desperate gang, and kept them from passing into Mill Square.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the gang
was about mounting his horse and while stooping over the pommel of
his saddle with his back toward Wheeler, that gentleman took
deliberate aim and fired.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The fellow pitched
right over his horse falling on his head to the earth where he lay
gasping for a few moments and soon was everlastingly still.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Manning in the
meantime was not idle, and while Wheeler was searching for another
cartridge, he advanced from his retreat and seeing a horseman riding
towards him up Division street, he took a steady deliberate aim and
fired. The man immediately turned his horse and started off a few
paces rapidly, but the horse steadied his pace, the man rocked to and
fro, and suddenly the horse stopped and the man fell over to the
ground, when another horseman galloped up, sprang from his horse,
turned the fallen man over and took from him his pistols and belt,
then springing again to his saddle, he rode up the street.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Another scoundrel
alighted from his horse and getting behind it commenced a rapid fire
down the street, seeing which the intrepid and cool Manning, with all
the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">nonchalance</span></em> in the world, raised his
unerring rifle and stretched the living barricade lifeless at the
bandit's feet. The enraged brigand then ran towards Manning, fearless
of the formidable weapon of Bates, and sheltering himself behind some
packing cases under the open stairway of Scriver block, he commenced
a rapid fusilade, evidently with the intention of keeping Manning
from firing up the street at others of the gang.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But Wheeler had
succeeded in finding another cartridge and returning to the room from
which he delivered his first shot, a young lady, who had remained at
the window coolly watching the fight throughout, pointed out to
Wheeler the man who was keeping Manning from effectual work.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Only aim as true as you did before”</span> said</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE BRAVE GIRL</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“and there will be one the less to fight”</span> and
Wheeler fired.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Instantly the
villain dropped his hand upon his thigh, and the girl cried out,
<span class="tei tei-q">“Oh, you aimed too low,”</span> thinking the
shot had taken effect in the middle third of the right thigh.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Wheeler at once
left the room in search of another cartridge which unluckily he was
unable to find. The wounded man who had changed his pistol to the
left hand and discharged several shots at Manning, now turned about,
and seeing Bates inside his store with a pistol in his hand and
thinking it was from this source he had received his <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page9">[pg 9]</span> wound, as quick as a lightning
flash sent a deadly missive at the unsuspecting Bates.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The ball crashed
through the intervening glass of the store front, and burnt a
scorching track across the victims face from ear to nose.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But during this
time a bloody and terrible tragedy was being enacted in the bank.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A scene exhibiting
a greater amount of reckless daring, and brutal ferocity; of intrepid
courage, and heroic fortitude; ending in a most dastardly, and</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">APPALLING, SICKENING,
TRAGEDY</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">could not be
imagined than the one which was in progress in the bank while the
street fight already described was going on.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Just a few moments
before the raiders commenced their wild career on the streets, three
men rushed into the bank, holding in their hands large pistols, the
glittering barrels of which they directed toward the three gentlemen,
Messrs. Heywood, Bunker and Wilcox, who occupied the desks behind the
counter. Springing over the counter these desperadoes shouted out</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center"><span style=
"font-size: 144%">“</span><span style="font-size: 144%">THROW UP YOUR
HANDS,</span><span style="font-size: 144%">”</span></span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“we intend to rob the bank.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Which is the Cashier?”</span> one demanded, and
instantly approaching Heywood, commanded him to open the safe.
<span class="tei tei-q">“I am not the cashier,”</span> was the
reply.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The man then
turned to Bunker, and made the same demand, but he also denied that
he held that important post. The fellow next addressed the bewildered
and fear-stricken Wilcox, whose terror prevented him from
answering.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The baffled man
again turned to Heywood, and with oaths and threats endeavored to
make him open the safe.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Heywood replied
that he could not, when the scoundrel fired a pistol close to his
ear, and said <span class="tei tei-q">“if he did not at once open the
safe he would scatter his brains.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The brave Heywood
still insisted upon his inability to comply.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The ruffian then
seized him by the collar and dragging him toward the safe drew out a
long, keen edged knife, and posing it over Heywood's throat,
threatened to cut it from ear to ear if he did not at once open the
safe.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But the brave man,
faithful to his trust, stolidly refused, when the robber released his
hold of his collar and went into the safe vault.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Now was the
opportunity for the faithful Heywood.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“If I can but get that ponderous door closed,”</span>
thought he, <span class="tei tei-q">“and spring the bolts upon the
scoundrel, the”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">VILLIANS WILL BE BAFFLED,</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“and my integrity saved from suspicion.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was a supreme
moment of dreadful anxiety to him, and such the <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page10">[pg 10]</span> intense excitement of his
feelings, that when he rushed upon the door to close it, his strength
was unequal to the task, and before he could recover himself to renew
the effort, a powerful hand seized him by the throat, and threw him
back from the vault, at the same time a ruthless arm struck him to
the ground with the butt end of a pistol.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Taking advantage
of this struggle between Heywood and the robbers, Bunker sprang to
his feet and bounded toward the back entrance of the premises.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But before he
reached the door a sharp report and the crashing of a ball showed him
that he had only miraculously escaped from having his brains
scattered by one of the bandits. Bounding out of the bank he ran
madly down Water street, not however till another shot from the
murderous revolver cranched through his shoulder.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At this point
another of the band of ruffians hastily entered the bank and
exclaimed:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Clear boys, the game is up.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The three men
instantly jumped upon the counter and made tracks for the door.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But one man paused
in his headlong retreat, and seeing Heywood reaching for his desk,
turned round and leveling his revolver at the devoted head of the
faithful teller, fired, and without a groan, the brave man fell to
the floor,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">HIS LIFE BLOOD STAINING THE
DESK</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and seat with its
crimson stream.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the street the
baffled and retreating murderers sought their horses and vaulting
into their saddles they were soon rushing with frantic haste out of
town westward.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was some few
moments before the citizens could sufficiently recover themselves to
take in thoroughly the entire situation.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There lay in the
open street a few paces from the bank entrance a bandit in all the
hideous ghastliness of a bloody death. A few feet from him was
stretched the lifeless body of a noble horse, while further down the
street on the opposite side another grim corpse lay in a pool of
seething gore.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Windows in all
directions were shattered, and door posts showed scars of imbedded
bullets.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Reluctantly the
assembled citizens approached the bank, and the sight which there met
their horror stricken gaze caused a thrill of indignation to seize
upon every nerve; and strong men turned pale as they clinched their
fists and set their teeth, registering an inward oath to wreak
vengeance upon the miscreant perpetrators of the dastardly
outrage.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There lay poor
Heywood! the man who dared death and defied three of the most
notorious scoundrels who ever <span class="tei tei-q">“cracked a
crib”</span> or broke a scull, who resisted torture, and finally gave
his life blood in defense of his trust.</p><span class="tei tei-pb"
id="page11">[pg 11]</span>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Who was the man to
carry the appalling news to the young wife and tell her that he, upon
whom hung her very life, had left her for all time—that he had been
torn from her and hurled into dread eternity by the ruthless hand of
the bloody assassin!</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Who was stout
enough to bear the gore covered mangled corpse to the new desolate
and grief stricken home!</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But there were
those who were willing to pursue the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">RED HANDED MURDERERS.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Some overcome with
indignation, impetuously prepared for the chase, but others, perhaps
more determined men, who were willing to follow on to the very death,
were not so hasty in their departure, but as time proved were
prepared to pertinaciously follow up the trial with the tenacity of
the bloodhound.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Two of the former,
Davis and Hayes, immediately sought for horses and none being so
ready as those of the two dead robbers, seized them, sprang into the
saddles, and were soon in hot pursuit.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Both men were well
armed with rifles—one an eighteen shot Winchester with globe sight.
At every point they heard of the retreating villians upon whom they
were gaining rapidly. Dashing through Dundas, Hayes and Davis kept up
the pursuit till at last they saw a group of horsemen surrounding a
wagon from which they were apparently taking the horses. As the
pursuers advanced one of the horsemen turned from the wagon, and
advancing a few steps up the road ordered the pursuing men to
halt.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Davis and Hayes
instinctively obeyed, and strange to relate, these two men who had
been so impatient to commence the pursuit, now that they were
confronted by the audacious scoundrels found their courage waning,
and they halted.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nor did they again
find their courage return, but they sat there and saw the marauders
after securing one of the farmer's horses again boldly dash away.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After the robbers
had gone, Davis and Hayes leisurely wended their way to Millersburg
where they awaited the coming of the other pursuers, two men standing
but little chance against six such desperadoes.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is true that
Davis and Hayes had the advantage of the bandits in arms, but it is
doubtful after all, if there are many men to be found who would have
done differently, confronted as they were by six stalwart fierce
knights of the road well armed and unscrupulous in shedding human
blood, as they had shown at Northfield.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After the
departure of Davis and Hayes, about thirty citizens organized into a
pursuing party, some mounted on horses, others were carried in wagons
and buggies, and all set out in full speed along the road the robbers
had taken.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Meantime the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">TELEGRAPH WAS SET AT WORK,</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and messages were
sent to all points. Unfortunately the operator at <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page12">[pg 12]</span> Dundas was not in his office,
and although the call was repeated for an hour no response was made.
Had this gentleman been at his post, the people of Dundas would have
been prepared to receive the bandits on their arrival.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It has been
expressed as a wonder by many that the gang, before making the raid,
did not cut the telegraph wires, but it appears from the confession
of one of them, that their plan was a much better one. They intended
to have destroyed the telegraph instruments before leaving, only the
unexpectedly hot attack which was made upon them by the plucky boys
of Northfield, completely demoralized them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The first
indication received at St. Paul of the daring raid, was from the
following telegram to Mayor Maxfield:</p>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Eight armed men attacked the bank at two o'clock.
Fight on street between robbers and citizens. Cashier killed and
teller wounded. Send us arms and men to chase robbers.”</span></p>
<div class="tei tei-signed" style="text-align: right">
JOHN T. AMES.
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This telegram
reached St. Paul at about 3 p. m. The first train leaving the city
for the scene of hostilities at 4 p. m., was the Owatonna
Accommodation, on the Milwaukee & St. Paul road. From St. Paul
were dispatched, Chief of Police King, detective Brissette,
officers Brosseau and Clark, and Deputy Sheriff Harrison. At
Mendota Junction, the party was joined by Mr. Brackett and posse of
police, consisting of Capt. Hoy, A. S. Munger, F. C. Shepherd, J.
W. Hankinson and J. West, of Minneapolis, all well armed with seven
shooters and rifles. At Rosemount, Farmington and Castle Rock, the
excitement was immense, many persons at these points getting on the
cars and proceeding to Northfield.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The train
arrived at the scene of the most daring crime ever perpetrated in
the State at 6:20, the whole platform being crowded with an excited
populace.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE DEAD BANDITS.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The police were
at once led by the sheriff to an empty store where were lying the
inanimate and ghastly forms of the two bandits who had been shot
down by the intrepid Northfield citizens. One was found to be six
feet four and a half inches in height; his body exhibited a
splendid physical development, with arms and limbs of thewy muscles
and skin as fair and soft as a lady's; his face was of rather an
elongated oval with sharply cut features; high cheek bones, well
arched brow and deep-set blue eyes. His hair was a very dark,
reddish auburn, inclined to curl. He wore no hair on his face, but
was closely shaved, and did not appear to be more than 23 or 25
years of age. He was clothed in a new suit of black clothes, worth
about $25 or $30, a new colored shirt and good boots. The ball
which brought him down entered about three inches, in a line with
the left nipple and toward the center of the chest and completely
riddling the man, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page13">[pg
13]</span> passed out on the same side beneath the shoulder blade.
On his person was found the card of the Nicollet House livery
stable, St. Peter, on which is printed the distances of the
principal cities in this part of the State. He had also on him an
advertisement of Hall's safes cut from a local paper. His pockets
were well filled with cartridges, and he had round his waist,
beneath his coat, a cartridge belt. There has been some dispute as
to the identity of the man, but it is now pretty well settled that
he is Bill Chadwell <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">alias</span></em> Bill Styles.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">IDENTIFICATION.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There were two
men from Cannon Falls, who came to view the bodies before the
interment, with the expectation of identifying one of the latter as
a brother-in-law of one of the two. He said if it was his relative,
a bullet scar would be found under the left arm. The scar was
there, but the man would not say whether the fellow was his
relation or not. The man whom the big fellow was thought to be,
is</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<a name="fig1" id="fig1"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/styles.jpg" alt="BILL STYLES." title=
"BILL STYLES." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
BILL STYLES.
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">BILL STYLES,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">a former
resident of Minneapolis, who has a brother-in-law still living
there. This Styles left for Texas some time ago. It is said he was
a desperately bad man. It is told that his sister received a letter
from him a short time before, saying that now he had lucrative
employment, and if she wanted money he would send her some. He also
wrote in his letter that he would shortly be up this way, and would
call on her. This sister was adopted by a minister residing at
Cannon Falls. A letter recently received from the father of Styles
proves beyond doubt the identity of the man. Styles' father now
lives at Grand Forks, D. T., and says that his son has for some
time lived in Texas. The father expresses no surprise at the
untimely end of his son, and says he was always a wild wayward boy
with whom he could do nothing.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CLELL MILLER.</span></h2><a name=
"fig2" id="fig2"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/miller.jpg" alt="CLELL MILLER." title=
"CLELL MILLER." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
CLELL MILLER.
</div>
</div>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The other man
was five feet eight inches in height, but much stouter built than
the taller, with hair of the exact color, and like his inclined to
curl. His face was rounder and covered with about two weeks growth
of beard; the eyes, like the other's were blue.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The clothing was
quite new, even to the shirt, which appeared to have been put on
that day. He also wore a white linen collar (new) and a white linen
handkerchief round his neck. On his feet were striped half hose and
good boots, but of different make, one boot being finer and lighter
than the other.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Gold sleeve
buttons, gold pin and gold or filled case watch and chain, with
linen ulster duster and new felt hat of fine quality, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“John Hancock”</span> make, completed his costume.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Beneath his
clothing he wore a money belt of leather, but it was empty. About a
dollar and fifty cents had been taken from the two <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page14">[pg 14]</span> men, but Chief King, in
researching this fellow, found four dollars more. The wound was an
ugly, jagged bullet hole, very large, and with the edges much torn,
toward the center of the chest and about four inches below the
heart. There were also several small shot wounds on the body of
this one and three on the forehead; his hat was also riddled with
shot, and it was evident that he had been hit twice from a shot
gun, for several of the shot wounds were in the back. From
photographs sent to the St. Louis police, the man was at once
recognized as Clell Miller.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">SCENE OF THE BLOODY
ENCOUNTER</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The empty store
in which the two corpses lay, is on Mill Square, which is
immediately over on the south side of the handsome iron bridge
which spans the Cannon river just below the mill race. On the north
side of the square is the flouring mill of Ames & Co. On the
west is Scriver's block and two or three small stores, among them
that in which the bodies lay. On the east side is the office of the
Rice County <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">Journal</span></em> and a wagon shop, and on
the south is the Dampier House, under which are three stores, the
last eastward and just opposite the corner of the Scriver block, is
the clothing store of Mr. Hanauer. The Scriver block has also a
frontage of 80 feet on Division street, 22 feet of which is
occupied by the First National Bank of Northfield, in which one of
the saddest and most daring tragedies was perpetrated—the heartless
and deliberate murder of a faithful and brave man in the defense of
the valuable property under his charge.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There are some
four or five wooden buildings below the bank on Fourth street, and
it was in this narrow space, from Mill Square to Fourth street,
that the great fight which startled the whole country took place.
Many indications of the fearful contest in bullet holes were found
in every direction. Windows were pierced and shattered and balls
must have been thrown around for a time as thick as hail, for the
whole encounter took place within the short space of fifteen
minutes. The conflict was a sharp and bloody one, and speaks
volumes for the coolness and intrepidity of the citizens of the
little provincial town.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From Mr. Bates,
who took a prominent part in the encounter, the following was
learned:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He said at about
11 o'clock his attention was called to four men who came from over
the river. They came over the bridge and were mounted on four
splendid horses. The men were well dressed, and Mr. Bates says,
four nobler looking fellows he never saw; but there was a
<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">reckless,
bold swagger</span></em> about them that seemed to indicate that
they would be rough and dangerous fellows to handle. Altogether he
did not like the looks of them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Again, at about
2 o'clock in the afternoon, as he was standing at the entrance of
the store, talking to Mr. C. C. Waldo, commercial traveler from
Council Bluffs, he saw the same men ride past—three came up
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page15">[pg 15]</span> the street from
mill square and one down, street meeting within thirty feet of the
bank. They dismounted and tied their horses to the hitching posts
and two, he thought, went into the bank and two came down to the
staircase leading up into the upper stories of Lee &
Hitchcock's buildings, and here they stood leaning against the
banisters talking. Commenting upon their fine physique, and upon
their unusually good mounts, Mr. Bates and Mr. Waldo withdrew to
the far end of the store to look over some sample trusses.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They had not
long been so occupied when they heard several shots fired in rapid
succession, and the thought flashed upon the mind of Bates at once,
that the bank was in danger—Mr. Waldo stating that he cried
out:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Those men are going for the town, they mean to rob the
bank.”</span> Mr. Bates, however, does not recollect saying
anything, he became so excited. He remembers, though, rushing to
the door, and seeing some men riding up from the bank—they came
riding towards him with long pistols in their hands and called out,
<span class="tei tei-q">“Get in there you son of a b——.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Bates at
once seized a shotgun and ran back to the door, but the gun would
not go off. He then put down the gun and seized a fine seven
shooter which was <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">not</span></em> loaded, and as the men came
down again, (they were riding to and fro, evidently intent upon
keeping people from going towards the bank), he standing behind the
door jambs, called out.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Now, I've got you.”</span> And pointed the empty
pistol as if drawing a bead on them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They turned
their horses suddenly and fired at Mr. Bates, the ball crashing
through the plate glass. There were other men at the bank firing
down the street. The next he saw was Mr. J. S. Allen running down
the street from the bank, and two shots were fired at him.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Manning, of
Mill Square, whose store is adjoining the block in which the bank
is, next came upon the scene. He ran out of his store with a breech
loading repeating rifle, and took a deliberate aim and fired from
the corner, Mr. Bates calling out:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Jump back now, or they'll get you.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Next Mr. J. B.
Hide came up with a double-barrelled shot gun and discharged the
two barrels, and retired to re-load. Mr. Phillips also took a turn
at the scoundrels, and L. Stacy delivered a cool, deliberate aim.
Mr. Bates next heard a report over his head and saw one of the
desperadoes fall from his horse. The horse made a faltering plunge
forward and then suddenly stopped and the man pitched over with his
face to the ground and in a few moments was dead. This shot was
fired by Henry Wheeler from an old carbine from out one of the
windows of the Dampier House.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Manning was
still firing, and as he crept to the corner Mr. Waldo called
out:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Take good aim before you fire.”</span> Immediately
after this shot one of the horses started up the street and the
rider began to reel and swing <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page16">[pg 16]</span> to and fro and suddenly fell to the ground
just opposite Eldridge's store. Another horseman immediately rode
up, dismounted, and spoke to the prostrate man, who was stretched
out at full length, supporting himself on his outstretched arms,
when he rolled over on his back. Then the other man took from him
his cartridge belt and two pistols, and, remounting his horse, rode
off.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Another
horseman, finding Mr. Manning's fire too hot, dismounted from his
horse and got on the opposite side of it for protection, when an
unerring ball from the breech loader brought the horse down, the
man running behind some boxes which were piled beneath the
stair-case before mentioned, and now ensued a</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">LIVELY FUSILADE</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">between this
fellow and Manning, the scoundrel keeping himself well under cover,
but a ball from Wheeler's musket struck the fellow in the leg, half
way above the knee.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He at once
changed his pistol to the left hand and grasped the wounded limb
with the right, still trying to get at Manning. Finding himself
getting weak, he turned and limped off up the street, but, seeing
Bates with a pistol in his hand, he sent a ball whizzing toward
that gentleman, grazing the side of his cheek and the bridge of his
nose, and burying itself in a collar-box in the store.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Bates says
he feels the ring of that ball in his ear still, and the ball, he
says, he will ever keep as a souvenir of the hottest day Northfield
ever saw.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The man limped
away, and when he got opposite to Mr. Morris' store, he cried out
to his retreating companions, <span class="tei tei-q">“My God,
boys, you are not going to leave—I am shot!”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the
party, riding a sorrel horse with a light tail and mane, turned and
took the wounded man up behind him.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MR. F. WILCOX'S
STATEMENT.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Wilcox, the
teller of the bank, stated that he, in company with Mr. Heywood and
A. E. Bunker, were in the bank at about 2 o'clock, when three well
dressed, powerful looking men entered by the door, which was open.
They held large revolvers in their hands, and one of them cried
out: <span class="tei tei-q">“Throw up your hands, for we intend to
rob the bank, and if you halloo, we will”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">BLOW YOUR BRAINS OUT.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They then asked
which was the cashier, to which Mr. Heywood replied, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“He is not in.”</span> They then sprang over the
counter and demanded the safe to be opened. Addressing each in turn
they said: <span class="tei tei-q">“You are the cashier,”</span>
which each denied.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Seeing Heywood
seated at the cashier's desk, one of the ruffians went up to him
with his long, narrow-barrelled pistol and said:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“You are the cashier; now open the safe, you —— —— son
of a ——.”</span> Mr. Heywood said:</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page17">[pg 17]</span>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“It is a time-lock and cannot be opened now.”</span>
One of the men then went into the vault, the door being open.
Heywood at once sprang forward and closed the door of the vault,
shutting the robber in, when another of the men seized Heywood by
the collar and dragged him away from the door and released the
incarcerated robber.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The man who came
out of the vault—a slim, dark complexioned man, with a black
moustache, then called to the others to seize the silver which was
lying loose (about $15) and put it in the sack. They did not do
this, but seized about twelve dollars in scrip and put it into a
two bushel flour sack which they had with them. The dark
complexioned man, who appeared to be the leader, then again
attacked Heywood, insisting upon his opening the safe, threatening
to cut his throat, if he did not, and actually drawing a big knife
across his throat.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The heroic and
faithful teller, however, was not to be deterred from his duty, and
would rather</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">SACRIFICE HIS LIFE</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">than betray his
trust. Some few moments—it seemed ages to the bewildered and
terror-stricken lookers-on—were spent in Heywood's struggling to
break from the murderous villain and gain his liberty.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At length he
broke away, and regaining his feet, ran toward the door crying</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center"><span style=
"font-size: 120%">“</span><span style=
"font-size: 120%">MURDER!</span><span style=
"font-size: 120%">”</span></span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The man at once
struck him with a pistol and knocked him down, and, dragging him to
the safe door, commanded him to open it. But the intrepid clerk
stolidly refused, when the villain shot at him, but did not hit
him.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Evidently the
shot was intended rather to intimidate him than injure, but the
scoundrel had reckoned without his host, for the effect was lost
upon Heywood.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But upon the
discharge of the pistol Bunker made a start for the back door and
ran for dear life, one of the robbers pursuing and firing, the shot
taking effect in the shoulder. Bunker, however, reached the street
(Water street) and ran to Dr. Coombs' office.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">During the whole
of this time four or five men were riding up and down the street,
shooting in every direction, and keeping up an incessant
fusilade.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the men
outside came riding up furiously and called for the men to leave
the bank.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center"><span style=
"font-size: 120%">“</span><span style="font-size: 120%">THE GAME'S
UP.</span><span style="font-size: 120%">”</span></span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">he said,
<span class="tei tei-q">“and we are beaten.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The three men in
the bank then sprang over the counter and rushed to the door, and
Heywood staggered to the chair, but, as the last one <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page18">[pg 18]</span> was getting over the
counter, with one hand on the cashier's desk, he turned round and
deliberately fired. Heywood fell senseless to the floor! The man
then sprang on the rail and out at the front door, and he (Wilcox)
cleared out of the back door into Manning's hardware store.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Wilcox was not
sure whether the ruffian struck Heywood when the latter staggered
to the cashier's chair, and he did not stop to see if he was dead
when he fell. He said the reason he did not try to get out or help
Heywood was that one of the men stood over him with a pistol in his
hand.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Allen said
he saw three men cross the bridge and go toward the bank. They were
all big, powerful men, well dressed. One had sandy side-whiskers,
shaved chin and blue eyes. Another, wore a black mustache, and was
a slight but tall man, and better dressed than the others. The
third man was heavy set, with curly brown hair, and beard of about
one week's growth. They had tied their horses and talked a while,
when another came up, and he went into the bank. Mr. Allen then
waited half a minute, and then walked up to the bank to see what
was up.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“As I got to the back door,”</span> he says,
<span class="tei tei-q">“one man came out and grabbed me by the
collar, and said <span class="tei tei-q">‘you son of a——, don't
holler,’</span> drawing a revolver. I got out and made tracks as
fast as I could, two shots feeing fired after me.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Ben Henry
says that he was first attracted to the strangers by seeing the
horses tied, and he went up to one and was examining the saddle,
when one of the men came up and said,</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“What are you doing here?”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Looking at this saddle,”</span> was the reply
<span class="tei tei-q">“I want an article like that, and thought
perhaps I could strike a bargain with the owner.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Drawing a
pistol, the fellow cried out:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Now you git'”</span> And he <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">did</span></em>
<span class="tei tei-q">“git,”</span> but as he walked away a
bullet came hissing by his head and struck a wall close by. Henry
deliberately picked up the ball and put it in his pocket, but made
long strides for home.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It appeared that
the object of the men on the street was at first only to keep
people back from the bank, and not a desire to murder
indiscriminately, but when they found that the Northfield people
would not scare worth a cent, and that real work was before them,
they showed all the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">SAVAGE BLOODTHIRSTY
PROPENSITY</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">of their nature,
and wherever a face showed itself, whether it was man, woman or
child, the robbers fired murderously at it, crashing in windows in
a lively style.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Early Friday
morning it was reported in Northfield that Brissette and Hoy had
joined their forces at Morristown and had a hot encounter with the
gang, which had been reinforced by three others. The <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page19">[pg 19]</span> police succeeded in killing
one man and capturing the wounded man carried from Northfield. The
robbers then took to the woods and the police held them there. This
report was proved at a later date to be a complete fabrication, but
so excited were the people that every rumor received credence and
grew in dimensions as it was handed round by the busy throng of
news seekers.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE BANK,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is in a small
apartment, about 20 by 50 feet, situate in the Scriver block,
folding doors in the center of the front opening into Division
street. It has a counter three feet high, running across to within
three feet of the west wall, and going back the whole length of the
building. This counter is mounted by a thirty inch glazed rail,
leaving a space of two feet in front, where the men jumped over,
scratching the counter with their boots. Inside of the center is
the safe vault fitted with the Detroit Safe Company's doors, and to
the left is the cashier's chair where poor Heywood fell a victim to
the assassin's hand. A blotting pad lay upon the desk stained with
the life-blood of the murdered man.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">HEYWOOD'S DEATH WOUND.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Poor Heywood was
shot through the head, the ball entering at the right temple and
passing downward and inward, scattering his brains all about, and
doubtless depriving him instantaneously of consciousness, and
putting him completely beyond all suffering, although he breathed
for about twenty minutes, but did not speak. In addition to the
bullet wound, there was a slight scratch in the right side of the
neck as from a knife.</p><a name="fig3" id="fig3"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/breakingnew.jpg" alt=
"BREAKING THE NEWS TO MRS. HEYWOOD." title=
"BREAKING THE NEWS TO MRS. HEYWOOD." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
BREAKING THE NEWS TO MRS. HEYWOOD.
</div>
</div>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. E. E. Bunker
was not considered dangerously wounded, the ball passing in at the
back of the right shoulder, below the point of the shoulder,
passing downward and forward and upward, coming out just above the
clavicle, making only a severe flesh wound. This wound, however,
was very nearly being a fatal one, as the ball passed close to a
principal artery, which no doubt, had it been severed by the deadly
missive, would have produced death by hemorrhage.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Since the
capture at Madelia of the Younger boys, Mr. Bunker has given his
recollections of the bank raid, and as it differs in several points
from others already given, we embody it in this narrative. It will
be seen that the narrative recognizes two of the men who entered
the bank as Charley Pitts and Bob Younger.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MR. E. E. BUNKER'S STORY.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Bunker said
that himself, Mr. Heywood and Mr. Wilcox were sitting at their
respective desks, when they heard a heavy rush from the bank door
to the counter. They turned round and saw three men climbing over
the counter and with their knees on it and revolvers pointed
directly at the three bank officers. A man presumed to be Jesse
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page20">[pg 20]</span> James, and who
acted as leader, called out, <span class="tei tei-q">“Throw up your
hands, we are going to rob the bank.”</span> James then ran across
the room and passed Heywood into the vault, which was open, but
seeing the safe door closed, turned back from the entrance and
seizing Heywood by the collar who, from being older than the others
and from the position of his desk, was naturally supposed to be the
cashier, ordered him to open the safe, Mr. Heywood said it was a
time lock, and it could not be opened. The other said that was a
d—d lie.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Charley Pitts
then came up on the other side of Heywood and threatened to kill
him if he did not immediately open the safe. One of the others
called out, <span class="tei tei-q">“Let's cut his throat and be
done with it.”</span> Heywood commenced shouting murder and
repeated the cry three or four times. They then hustled him about,
and James struck him on the head with the butt end of his pistol,
knocking him down. He was then dragged towards the vault, where he
lay with his head partially in the vault. James then drew the knife
across Heywood's neck, who did not say anything, appearing to be
partially insensible, when another of them stooped down and fired
close to the prostrate man's head, the ball penetrating a tin box
containing papers in the vault.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All this time I
was on my knees on the floor, with Bob Younger standing guard over
me. I had a revolver under the counter, where I stand, and which
was in full view, and I endeavored gradually to edge over and
obtain possession of it, but Bob saw the attempt, and seeing the
weapon, put it into his pocket, saying, at the same time, that I
could do nothing with this, and it was of no use. He then placed it
in his pocket and commenced searching me, but did not take anything
from me. The pistol was a Smith & Wesson, and we always
regarded it as an excellent weapon. Bob having turned his head
partially around to see what was going on in the other part of the
room, I raised my head with the view of giving the alarm to any one
I saw in the street, but my movements were quickly observed by Bob
who pulled me down, saying at the same time, that I had better keep
quiet for, if I attempted to rise again he would kill me. He then
inquired where was the cashier's till, and I pointed to a box
containing some nickels and scrip, the former done up in
cartridges. He seemed to know very well there was more loose money
than that, and he told me he would kill me if I did not show him
the till. I did not answer him, and he pulled out a drawer
containing stationery, but the drawer having some $2,000 he did not
open, supposing, probably, that in its contents were the same.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Meantime, while
the two men were engaged with Heywood, James told Bob Younger to
bring out the sack. Bob took out a green bag and thrust a handful
of scrip into it, but did not take any of the nickels.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The distance
from where I was to the rear of the bank, is about 25 feet, and the
rear door of the two hardware stores adjoin the rear door of the
bank. I thought if I could make my way out in this direction,
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page21">[pg 21]</span> I would have a
chance of giving the alarm, so that the citizens would come to the
rescue. In making this movement, I should have to pass where Mr.
Wilcox was sitting, and I made a slight motion for him to move so
that I could get past. He saw my motion and shifted his position.
The man who stood over me having his attention directed to the
proceedings of the others, I started, but was immediately followed
by Charley Pitts, who fired at me, the ball going through the
blinds of the door and lodging in a brick chimney, but not striking
me. There was a stairway leading down, and Pitts standing on top of
that, fired down on me, I having reached the bottom at the time,
fired again, the ball just striking me below the scapula, passing
through the thin portion of it, and down, passing out about half an
inch below the collar bone, the course traversed being about seven
inches, and narrowly missing the sub-claviel artery, where the
wound would have been fatal.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">I think it was
James that said, while keeping us down, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“don't one of you move; we have fifty men on the
street, and you will be killed if you move.”</span> The safe was
not locked at all, but there was only about $15,000 in it, which
they might easily have secured.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Bunker said
he recognized the body killed at Madelia, as that of Charley Pitts,
and also identified Bob Younger, by the likeness published
herein.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">NICHOLAS GUSTAVSON.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Several citizens
of Northfield narrowly escaped with their lives during the
encounter. A Norwegian, Nicholas Gustavson by name, was struck with
a bullet at the right side of the head, just at the ear, the ball
running under the scalp and out at the top of his head. He says
when he was struck, and for several minutes after, his whole left
side was paralyzed. But after a few minutes of unconsciousness, he
was able to reach his boarding house, but the next day he was
unable to rise from his bed. It was evident that the skull was
fractured, and depressing upon the right lobe of the brain, and if
the patient was not opportunely relieved by trepanning the skull,
the man must succumb. Subsequent events proved the correctness of
this view, for the operation was not performed, and the poor fellow
expired on the eleventh—four days after the dreadful tragedy, thus
adding another victim to rekindle the fire of indignation in men's
minds.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Illustrative of
the dangerous nature of the weapons of the lawless ruffians
carried, it should have been stated that balls fired from one side
of Mill Square struck and completely riddled buildings on the other
side of the square, a distance of one hundred and fifty yards.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE INQUEST.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Friday afternoon
the coroner, Dr. Waugh, from Faribault, held an inquest upon the
bodies of the two scoundrels who met with such a richly deserved
end, and the following gentlemen were sworn as a jury: A. H.
Rawson, S. L. Bushnell, R. Silk, J. L. McFee, R. <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page22">[pg 22]</span> Plummer and C. W. Gross.
The jury were not long in arriving at the following verdict:
<span class="tei tei-q">“That the two unknown men came to their
deaths by the discharge of firearms in the hands of our citizens in
self-defense and in protecting the property of the First National
Bank of Northfield.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The same jury,
with the coroner, held an inquest over the remains of the lamented
victim of the raid. The witnesses who gave evidence were E. Hobbs,
ex policeman J. S. Allen, F. Wilcox and E. L. Fuller, whose
statements were similar to those the same gentlemen made to the
writer, and recorded elsewhere in these pages. The verdict found
was: <span class="tei tei-q">“That J. H. Heywood came to his death
by a pistol shot fired by an unknown man attempting to rob the
First National Bank of Northfield.”</span></p>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page23">[pg 23]</span>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE ROBBER HUNT.</span></h2>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ON THE ROAD.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The desperate
freebooters had dashed from Northfield with but five horses, one,
the brown mare carrying double. They rushed ruthlessly on, taking
the entire road, and demanding that those they met should
<span class="tei tei-q">“take to the ditch.”</span> A short
distance out of the city an old German farmer with his heavy team
loaded with <span class="tei tei-q">“garden truck,”</span> met
them on a narrow road on each side of which were deep gullies.
Drawing his pistol the leader exclaimed with an oath,
<span class="tei tei-q">“take the ditch G——d d——n you.”</span>
Over the old fellow went scattering his vegetables, breaking his
wagon and harness, and sprawling himself in a sea of stagnant
mire.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After several
hours the frightened agriculturist succeeded in getting to town,
and related a wonderful story of being attacked by fifty giants
fifteen feet high, mounted on fire breathing steeds, and carrying
twenty-five pound cannons in their hands!</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE DASH THROUGH DUNDAS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was made at
full speed, causing the greatest excitement. All were now
mounted, but a horse taken from a farrier, Empey, near
Northfield, evidently found it difficult to keep pace with the
trained nags belonging to the robbers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A short
distance out of Dundas the gang stopped at a farm house and
borrowed a pail which they took to a spring near by. Here they
paused long enough to water their animals, and wash the desperate
wound which Bob Younger, (as was afterwards found) had received
directly through his right elbow, and which besides bleeding
profusely had become almost unbearable, even to a man of his
determination and vigor. Throwing the pail by the side of the
road, the squad hastened on, little thinking of the pursuit which
was being organized in the rear.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As it is now
known that the squad, as it now remained, consisted of Cole, Jim
and Bob Younger, Charlie Pitts, and probably the James boys,
their names will be used in this narrative hereafter, wherever
they are known from their own statements to have been.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As the horse
taken from the farmer Empey of course wore no saddle,
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page24">[pg 24]</span> it became
necessary for the comfort of its rider that one be impressed. To
accomplish this, two of the gang called at the house of a farmer
living a short distance from the road, and telling that</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THEY WERE OFFICERS AFTER HORSE THIEVES,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">borrowed a
saddle. This took place at 4½ o'clock, and a half hour before,
the landlord of Cushman's Hotel in Millersburg saw the other four
pass his house on a gallop. He says that three of them stopped at
his hostelry the night before. He saw the other two pass some
time later, but did not recognize among the six, the man that
made up four whom he had entertained.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mr. Cushman
says the men were extremely well-behaved, using no liquor, and
indulging in no profanity or vulgarity. They retired early and
arose late. He speaks of one as evidently the leader, he
appearing like a man who had never done any manual labor. His
horse was cared for by the others, and his quiet directions were
promptly obeyed. The men talked but little, saying that they were
from Illinois and were civil engineers looking over the country,
to decide upon the feasibility of building more railroads in that
section. This party had left Cushman's house at 9 o'clock
Thursday morning, and had leisurely ridden the ten miles to
Northfield.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE PURSUIT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the
meantime there had been mounting in hot haste, and detachments in
wagons and on horses had started from Northfield to undertake to
head off the bandits on what is known as the Dodd road. This road
the robbers seemed to have missed, and, notwithstanding their
earlier start, they did not arrive at the town of Shieldsville,
fifteen miles away, until after a squad of five men had reached
that point. These men were in a saloon refreshing themselves and
telling their wonderful tale, when the rough riding marauders
dashed up in front of the place. The boys were attracted to the
door by the noise of the horses' hoofs, and two or three started
for the wagon in which their arms had been left. This movement
was promptly checked by the leader, and the lads slouched back to
the saloon.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bandits
leisurely proceeded to water their animals, and while doing so an
inquisitive old party standing by enquired <span class=
"tei tei-q">“where they were going?”</span> All laughed at this
query and one, pointing to Bob Younger whose arm was still
bleeding, replied that <span class="tei tei-q">“they were
going”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“TO HANG THAT
D——D CUSS.”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After having
watered the horses the desperadoes seemed in no haste, but
practiced with their pistols on the pump shattering it to pieces.
Soon, however the order was given and all dashed away, going
toward Waterville.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The dash and
daring of the robbers had electrified the people of the town so
that nothing was done, but after they had got well off, the
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page25">[pg 25]</span> gallant squad
of pursuers started on the trail. Soon they were joined by
others, augmenting the force to seventeen, and the bandit band
was sighted in a ravine about four miles from Shieldsville. The
attacking party opened fire from the brow of a hill but their
arms consisted of rusty shot guns, and small pistols, hence
nothing was accomplished. When the attack commenced the bandits
wheeled in platoon and discharged a harmless volley at the
pursuers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The horse of
one of the robbers fell, and it was supposed that he had been
shot, but he quickly recovered. As the bandit sought to mount him
again, he found his girth broken, and in obedience to an order
from the chief, he mounted behind his comrade, and the gang moved
off at a round trot. The abandoned horse was found to be the one
taken from Empey, and the saddle, the one borrowed near
Millersburgh.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
BALKY NAG.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">An hour or two
later the bandits seem to have lost their road, for they called
at the house of a farmer named Sager, and demanded a horse,
saying they were after horse thieves. Sager is a prudent German,
and required to see their authority. They laughed at him and
secured his horse, but on attempting to mount him, they found him
balky, and were obliged to abandon their plan. They then forced
the farmer to accompany them quite a distance to point out the
road, first asking the route to Waterville, but finally deciding
to take the Cordova road. Sager went with them to the edge of the
town of Kilkenny, and left them in a large meadow going towards
Cordova.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In this field
the bandits resorted to all known means to destroy their tracks,
and esconced themselves in the mysterious depths of the Big
Woods, where it was impossible to track them, as the thousands of
hogs which root up their living there, had almost entirely
displaced the sod, and it was not an easy matter to distinguish
the footprints of man or beast.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many have the
impression that the bandits were sheltered Thursday night by a
notorious character living in the woods on the west side of
Kilkenny, but according to the statement of those captured, they
lay hidden in the thickets.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE PURSUIT GROWS HOT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">During
Thursday night excited crowds had gathered in all of the towns in
the vicinity that could be reached by telegraph. Men of every
class volunteered to join in the hunt, and they came armed and
mounted in every conceivable style. The great majority had arms
of little account, and a large portion of the volunteers were
entirely defenceless. There were many intrepid men who joined in
the pursuit in an earnest manner, and many younger ones who
started as they would in a chicken hunt, for sport and
excitement.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The telegrams
had summoned the chiefs of police, detectives and <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page26">[pg 26]</span> several members of the
police forces of St. Paul and Minneapolis, and at six o'clock
Thursday evening, Chief King, Detective Brissette, Sergeant
Clarke and patrolman Brosseau and deputy sheriff Harrison, of the
former city, and Chief Munger, Detective Hoy, and officers West,
Hankinson, and Shepherd, of the latter place, were on the scene
of the tragedy.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Under
direction of Chief King, the St. Paul squad followed the trail of
the robbers under charge of Detective Brissette, while Detective
Hoy and his party proceeded to Faribault intending to start from
there and attempt to head off the robber band. Every point of
egress from</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE BIG WOODS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was thoroughly
picketed during the night, probably two hundred volunteers being
engaged. Early on Friday morning Sheriff Asa Barton, of Rice
county, who had been up all night arranging the guards, commenced
to accept new recruits and dispatch them as rapidly as possible
to the front, providing every weapon that would snap a cap, that
could be obtained in the vicinity. His labors were arduous and
incessant, but his splendid constitution and indomitable
perseverance enabled him to endure throughout the three weeks
that the hunt continued. The number of robber hunters cannot have
been less than five hundred during Friday.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The pursuers
dispatched from Faribault were headed by brave, intelligent men,
among whom were Col. Williams, J. H. Harding, Dr. Hurd, T.
Loyhed, Mr. Baxter, James Hunter and Sam Dunham, chief of police
of this city.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Nothing was
heard of the bandits during Thursday night, but on Friday, it was
found that they had started in a westerly direction. It was
difficult to pick their trail, as men and horses shod in every
manner had passed over the roads during the night and morning.
Rumors of all sorts came in from all points, and the leaders
scarcely knew what to do, but they wisely determined to maintain
their line of pickets.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It can truly
be said that these knights of the road traveled on their
reputation, and they were looked upon as such desperate and
sanguinary foes that few men would have been willing to meet them
except at considerable odds. The pickets had been liberally
placed, but the squads were necessarily small, as an area of more
than four miles square was guarded. At most places only two or
three guards had been placed, and through one of these squads
a</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WONDERFUL ESCAPE</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was made. It
was supposed that the bandits would try to break the line at a
northerly point, toward Cordova, hence their track to the
southwest was unlooked for.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At seven
o'clock Friday morning two men called at the house of a
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page27">[pg 27]</span> Mr. James, on
the Cleveland road, and asked his wife, he being away, if she had
seen anything of two little black mules that had strayed or been
stolen. Being answered in the negative, they asked how far the
river was behind the house, and if there were any swamps between.
She told them the river was about one-quarter of a mile back, and
that there was a swamp which she thought they could pass.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the men
then inquired which direction was south. Mrs. James informed him,
when he said he guessed she was mistaken, but on taking out a
pocket compass, he acknowledged that she was correct, and made a
polite apology for contradicting her. On leaving, they bade her a
pleasant <span class="tei tei-q">“good morning.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The gang then
attempted to cross the Little Cannon river behind James' house
but could not get through the swamp, and returning they took to
the road going toward Waterville. After proceeding a short
distance they accosted a party of five men working on the road.
They said they were in pursuit of the robbers, and asked if the
two bridges, one above and one below were guarded. When told they
were they asked if there were any fords between. On learning that
there were two, they said that they had better take care of them,
and immediately started across the fields to the river.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No sooner had
the bandits left, than Mr. James, who had been told by his wife
of the visit of the men, came up. After a hurried consultation,
in which it was decided that the party that had just passed were
the robbers, James with three of the men hastened to the upper
bridge about a quarter of a mile away, and reported to Major
Rogers, who with two men held that point. A portion of the squad
immediately started for the fords, James and two others going to
the lower, while Rogers and the remainder stopped at the upper
one about forty rods away.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The swamps and
growth had retarded the progress of the bandits, but James had
scarcely gained his position when the gang appeared on the
opposite bank of the river leading their horses. They were
carelessly talking, and made directly for the ford. Just as the
leader stepped into the shallow stream, James exclaimed,
<span class="tei tei-q">“Come on boys,”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WE'VE GOT THEM NOW,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">at the same
time discharging an ineffective charge of small shot at the front
robber. At this the leader shouted, <span class="tei tei-q">“This
is too hot, boys, we must take to the woods,”</span> and all
hastened back up the bank. But as they moved away, they must have
heard the retreat of the pickets, who broke and ran, one leaving
his time-honored Prussian musket in the brush, and another losing
his valuable set of false teeth, for after moving up into the
woods for a distance of not more than twenty rods, they wheeled
and crossed the ford in the coolest and most deliberate manner.
The alarm was immediately carried to Waterville, and the base of
operations were soon changed. In the meantime the St. Paul party,
with several active and intrepid <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page28">[pg 28]</span> Northfield men, had been actively on the
trail, and just at dusk a sight of the enemy was obtained as they
were breaking across a distant cornfield for the cover of the
woods.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
TRADING HORSES.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But before
this the bandits had visited the farm of Ludwig Rosseneau, in
Elysian township, and impressed two horses. The farmhouse is
entirely secluded from the road, being nearly half a mile back.
When the gang arrived there with their five horses, two of them
went to the barn, while four remained at a small bridge near by.
Mr. Rosseneau and his son went to see what they wanted, when they
asked if he had any horses. One said he was the Sheriff of Rice
county, and that he must have two horses and a guide, for he was
after horse thieves, showing a large document, which the boy
Wilhelm, who had been to school, says was a map of Minnesota.
When the old man objected, the rascals drew their pistols and
quickly closed the bargain. Two horses were brought from the
stable and saddled; one was mounted by one of the gang, and the
Rosseneau boy was forced to accompany them on the other. The
simple German peasants had heard nothing of the Northfield
tragedy, and hence were not particularly frightened, although
greatly annoyed. The cavalcade passed from the farm, the leader
ordering the boy to guide them through the woods to the old state
road. It was a difficult country to ride through, but the boy
knew the road and traveled along, talking in boyish style and
getting short answers, until the chief ordered him not to talk so
loud. On arriving at an opening near the road, a halt was made,
and the lad was placed upon one of the robbers' horses, which was
disabled by a cruel gall caused by the girth under his forelegs.
He was told to remain there until they returned, which would be
soon. After waiting about half an hour, another lad came up and
told him of the robber raid. Young Rosseneau quickly understood
his position and made quick tracks for home. He says that after
the robbers left him they dashed into the woods across the
clearing, and galloped away as fast as possible. The next morning
Rosseneau's horses were found in their pasture near the barn.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ANOTHER HORSE TRADE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Subsequently
it was discovered that during the night of Friday a horse had
been taken from the pasture of John Laney, 1½ miles from the
village of Elysian, and a handsome sorrel mare badly chest
foundered placed in its stead for value received. This farmer
made a good trade as did Rosseneau, for his own horse came home
early Saturday morning.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The hunted
bandits were in a country from which it seemed impossible for
them to escape, it being almost surrounded by lakes and swamps. A
close guard was kept, and all expected that a capture would
surely be effected on Saturday. There were hundreds of men
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page29">[pg 29]</span> on the hunt,
but it is useless to say that the search was thorough, for if it
had been they would have been found. Saturday passed and also
Sunday, and no sign of them was discovered. Many became
discouraged and weary, and as the weather had been wet and cold,
large numbers of the pursuers returned to their homes.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">However, the
hunt was continued by many persistant men from all parts of the
Stale. As their labor was unrewarded by any discoveries of
importance until Monday and Tuesday, the symmetry of the
narrative will be maintained by following the robbers according
to their own statements.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
SAFE FOR AWHILE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Up to Friday
night they had succeeded in procuring food from farm-houses, at
one place going in and helping themselves to the entire cooking
of the family. Wild plums and grapes had also contributed to
their wants, and they had not suffered much, except Bob Younger
whose wound was extremely painful. After trading horses at
Laney's, Friday night, they rode to a point in the woods about
three miles back of Elysian and a short distance from German
Lake. Here, less than one hundred and fifty yards from the road,
after turning loose the three borrowed horses, they tied their
three remaining horses to trees, and made a rude shelter with
their rubber blankets in which they passed the night cold and
wretched.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Saturday
morning they broke camp, and after tying their blankets around
themselves with their bridles, they abandoned their faithful
steeds, and started forth on foot, leaving five saddles behind
them. They moved slowly and cautiously, and during the forenoon
they discovered a sort of island which proved an excellent hiding
place. In the center of this little-explored tract, they found a
pretty pond of water, and feeling secure they established a
regular camp, making a good fire, and taking comfort generally.
So safe did they feel that they shot a hog and a calf, but not
succeeding in killing them the first time, although the shots
went straight through their heads as they aver, and as the
animals made good time in escaping, they lost a savory feast, not
daring to fire more shots. During the most of the time the
bandits had proceeded on foot leading their horses through the
woods, and their feet had become terribly sore while their
stockings were entirely worn out, and while resting here they
dressed their</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LACERATED EXTREMITIES</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and bound them
up in socks improvised from their underclothing. But they dared
not rest here too long as the corn fields and potato-patches on
which they depended for subsistance were at an inconvenient
distance, and their hunters might flush their camp at any moment.
Saturday night they again took up their tedious march, and about
daylight went into camp a mile from the German Catholic church in
Marysburgh, the bell of which was plainly heard by the robbers
when <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page30">[pg 30]</span> it rung
for early mass. They concluded not to attend church that day,
contrary to the usual custom of Cole Younger at least, and a
luxurious breakfast of roasted corn and baked potatoes was
prepared. This camp was within a few rods of the edge of a
clearing, showing the remarkable boldness of the gang. Here two
small boys saw three of them walking just outside the woods, and
reported it, but little faith was placed on their story, as the
general impression was that the bandits were still in the woods
behind Elysian or had made a break on their horses to the
Minnesota river, and hence to parts unknown. Their camp of Friday
night had not then been discovered; and it was supposed that they
were still in possession of their horses.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In all the
time intervening between Thursday afternoon and Monday morning,
the robbers had made but about thirty miles, and although
surrounded at times by</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AT LEAST FIVE HUNDRED MEN,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">they would not
have suffered at all except for the cold and rain. In the Sunday
camp a portion of a bloody shirt gave evidence that Bob Younger
had been compelled to again dress his wounded arm.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Slowly the
robbers proceeded, and their next camp was some four miles
directly south of Marysburgh on the banks of Lake Madison in Blue
Earth county. From here a bold strike was made directly west
nearly nine miles, to a point but about 2½ miles back of the city
of Mankato, where, finding an empty house in the woods on the
Kron farm they slept comfortably Monday and Tuesday nights.
During the most of this time they had lived on fodder corn
uncooked, hazel nuts, grapes and wild plums, but Tuesday morning
they made a requisition on a German farmer and procured a good
breakfast. At the table they sat with their overcoats on, and
their</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BOWIE KNIVES BY THEIR PLATES.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They were
uncommunicative, inoffensive and polite, and paid liberally for
the hospitality shown them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The hunt had
continued while the bandits were escaping as above related, a
reward of $1,000 offered by Governor Pillsbury, $700 by the
Northfield bank, and $500 by the Winona and St. Peter railroad
inciting many to action. The state reward was afterwards
increased to $1,000 for each man dead or alive. However all were
off the scent, the objective point of the pursuers being the
woods back of Elysian from which the pursued had quietly passed.
The headquarters of the robber hunters were made</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AT JANESVILLE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On Saturday,
Sept. 9th, a party consisting of A. A. Keller, Russell M. Church,
F. Martin and W. Rhine started across the country from Northfieid
to Faribault, and catching there the train, proceeded to
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page31">[pg 31]</span> Owatonna,
where they were joined by a party of some thirty well armed
citizens.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Telegrams were
sent to Waseca for a special train to carry them to Janesville.
Finding a case of needle guns at Owatonna for Brisette, they took
them on with them, arriving at Janesville at one o'clock. They
found Brisette and his men there. They had been on the track of
the gang from the first, often getting sight of them, and never
for an hour losing their trail till Saturday, when they failed to
see them during the whole day.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Early in the
morning the party was divided into companies and took to the
woods, determined to hunt the villains up. Besides the parties
sent out in squads to the woods, other parties were out in each
direction up the Winona and St. Peter R. R. on hand cars.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The whole
country around Janesville was alive, and hundreds of volunteers
were rushing about in search of arms to join the pursuers. By
noon on Sunday there were at least three hundred men on the
war-path, seeking for the fugitives and anxious to secure some
portion of the reward offered for their capture.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The telegraph
was kept in lively operation, and every rumor was sent from point
to point, and mounted messengers carried the news along the lines
of outposts, keeping the men well informed on the events of the
day.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At about 3
o'clock a messenger came riding up to headquarters, his horse
reeking and foaming, and the man's manner portending news of the
utmost weight and importance. Hurrying in to the depot he handed
the telegraph operator a paper containing the information that
the fugitives broke cover near Elysian and were making for
Waterville. To inquiries he answered that three of the robbers
were seen and one was riding a cream-colored horse, and that the
police were hard on their track.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Telegrams were
at once sent to Eagle Lake, Owatonna, and other points, repeating
the exciting tale and asking that the posts along the line
between Waseca and Janesville be made especially strong—the
supposition being that the thieves would try to cross somewhere
between those two points. In prompt reply to these telegrams a
special train was dispatched containing over one hundred men,
well-armed, from Northfield, Winona, Rochester, Owatonna and
Medford, and these were left in squads often between Waseca and
Janesville, twenty-two of them coming up for instructions and
news.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">These
twenty-two were under the command of C. Runnels. Many were</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
VETERANS OF THE WAR,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and they
seemed to be under good discipline, all obeying their leader's
orders with alacrity. This party it was thought better to use as
a <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page32">[pg 32]</span> company of
patrol, who were to visit the outposts between this section and
Waseca.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE ST. PAUL POLICE</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and the five
Northfield scouts came in about 9:30 o'clock Saturday night, and
to the surprise of numbers of people waiting for news, reported
that they had no news to tell. They knew nothing of the dispatch
which had awakened such lively interest.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The party had
been out all day, having left Janesville at 8 o'clock with four
wagons and some on horseback. They proceeded first to Elysian and
passing round the lake then proceeded on to Marysburg, within
four miles of which they fell in with Hoy and</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE MINNEAPOLIS POLICE,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">when all
started by different routes to Eagle Lake, from thence they came
to Janesville after spending twelve long hours on the road, but
throughout their whole course they saw and heard nothing of the
robbers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Subsequent
developments proved that the news brought in by the mounted
messenger was a canard founded on the fact that some of the
robber hunters had been amusing themselves by <span class=
"tei tei-q">“playing robbers.”</span> The false alarm, however,
did no harm, and only stirred men to double diligence, and the
writer who spent the whole night of Sunday in visiting the
outposts and guards along the Winona & St. Peter railroad
found them all on the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">qui vive,</span></em> and he is confident if
the bandits had shown themselves that night, they would have
fared badly.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The alarm
telegraphed to St. Paul brought out again Chief King and another
body of police and citizens among whom was Hazen, of Cincinnati,
who thought he recognized in photographs of the two dead bandits,
Bill Chadwell and Charles Pitts.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
FINDING THE HORSES.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Monday night,
a party, headed by Sheriff Dill and Brissette, and including the
St. Paul police, and several determined men from Northfield,
after a tedious hunt arrived at the house of John Dehn about a
mile from the place where Brisette had lost the trail on Friday
night.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The detective
was in a quandary not understanding how the horses at least could
have got through the line of pickets that had been maintained.
One of these animals was of a dun color, or as the country people
called it <span class="tei tei-q">“a yaller hoss,”</span> and
would have been noticed among a cavalry regiment.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The mystery
was soon to be solved however. A portion of the squad took refuge
in Dehn's hay loft for the night, and at daylight Tuesday morning
as Mr. Mills Church, of Northfield, an old war veteran, was
peeping from his roost, he saw two hard looking horses, peering
over the farm gate, evidently envying the inviting stack of oats
within.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page33">[pg 33]</span>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Church
immediately went to them, and found they were two of the robbers'
horses without doubt. One was a bright bay with white face and
three white feet, and the other was a handsome brown mare. Both
were very thin and showed marks of exposure, and deep rowelling
on their sides. The brown had large galls each side of her back
bone made by the saddle, and these were covered by thick scabs
that had been forming at least three days. Both wore halters,
that of the bay being without a strap, while a piece about a foot
long hung to the halter of the brown, it having been chewed off
by the wearer.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The nags were
well cared for, and their trail was immediately taken up while
their tracks were fresh, but the horses had stopped to graze so
often thus doubling and changing their course, that it was almost
a fruitless task. Feeling that Dehn's house at which they were
found was probably the first one the horses saw, a</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LONG LINE OF SKIRMISHERS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was formed,
and a thorough search of the woods made. At about 7 o'clock the
left of the line came upon the last camp where the robbers were
in possession of their horses. Dr. Hurd of Faribault was in
advance, and as he came to the spot, the noted buckskin horse
whinned and stamped showing most unmistakable signs of delight at
again seeing a human form. The camp was located so near the road
that it is a wonder that it had not been discovered. At each of
three saplings a horse had been tied, the yellow one in the
middle. They had been given as long range as possible, but there
was no feed for them except the bark and wood of the trees to
which they were tied. These were eaten as high as the horses
could reach and deep into the roots. The ground around was
stamped hard, and there were evidences that the poor animals had
made desperate efforts to escape. At a short distance away
pronged stakes were found which showed that the fleeing men had
found shelter in a most uncomfortable manner. They had probably
thrown blankets over the frame and stopped to dress the wounded
man. There was no trace of eating or sleeping. Behind a log near
by, all the saddles of the five laid in a pile, an old
russet-leather saddle, much defaced, at the bottom of the pile,
very wet. This showed two shot marks, from one of which a
medium-sized pistol bullet was taken. Two others on the pile were
black, solid-seat saddles, one new, open, black McClellan, one
new russet McClellan. The black McClellan was marked underneath,
at the front, $8.50, with the cost mark above: two old blankets
and three old gunny bags were found. The robbers carried away all
the bridles and good blankets.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The horses at
Rosseneau's and Laney's were then procured and the entire five
were delivered to Commissioner Scott of Rice county, it being the
feeling that that community should have the benefit of what was
recovered.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
EXCITING NEWS.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Excitement had
again subsided, and after the capture of the <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page34">[pg 34]</span> robbers' horses in a
state indicating that they had been abandoned for several days,
the opinion gained ground rapidly that the robbers had made
tracks on foot and were many miles away. The hunt had virtually
come to an end, was the thought of many, and a general movement
was made by the pursuers toward those homes to which of late,
they had become strangers. The St. Paul police had started for
home, and the Minneapolis force was already there. The
indefatigable and energetic sheriff of Winona, was even
contemplating an abandonment of the chase when news was brought
into Mankato, which at once aroused excitement to its highest
pitch. A farmer had been captured by the bandits, and with arms
tightly bound behind him, compelled at the muzzle of a revolver
to accompany them on the road to pilot the way beyond Mankato.
Hearing that this unfortunate was the man in charge of Mr.
Shaubut's farm, the writer sought out the man</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
DUNNING,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">who told him
that about six o'clock on Wednesday morning the 13th, he started
from his house in search of the cows. He had scarcely passed the
barn going towards the woods when six men came upon him. They
were for the most part powerfully built men, well dressed, with
linen dusters and blankets strapped up in bridles. The men came
up to him and said they were</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LOOKING FOR ROBBERS,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and guessed he
was one of them. He protested that he was not, when one said they
would take him with them anyhow, and proceeded to bind his hands
behind him with a bridle rein. They then insisted, upon his
showing them the way past Mankato, so that they might strike the
Minnesota above, asking him questions as to whether they would be
likely to find any boats upon the river, and if it was possible
to ford or swim across. Dunning begged them to let him go, when
they told him they were</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE NORTHFIELD ROBBERS,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">but if he
would show them the way and keep a silent tongue in his head they
would send him a handsome present. He still begged to be
released, stating that he had a delicate wife and young children,
and if he should be away from the farm he would lose his
situation, and then what would his family do during the winter?
The robbers thought he seemed a good sort of a fellow, and if
they could only trust him, perhaps they might let him return, but
could they trust him? Dunning protested by all that was sacred
that they might, and promised if they would only let him return
home, he would not breathe to a living soul that he had seen
there and he expressed a hope that they would get through safe
and sound without being captured. The <span class="tei tei-pb"
id="page35">[pg 35]</span> robbers held a short consultation
among themselves, in which Dunning thought he heard proposals of
shooting him on the spot. It was to him</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
MOMENT OF DREADFUL SUSPENSE,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and he shook
with very fear, but to his inexpressible relief one of the men
said that they had agreed to let him return home—they did not
want his family to suffer for them. They then asked him his name
and postal address, which they carefully noted down, repeating
their former promise of a handsome present if they got safely
off, and if he kept his faith with them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the men
asked if they could not get to the river from where they were by
leaving the timber and crossing the level open flat, and if they
could not swim the river easily. To which Dunning replied that
they would be discovered almost immediately if they attempted to
leave the woods, advising them to keep under cover as much as
they could. With this they released his arms and set him free,
they the while seating themselves upon the ground and watching
him till he got out of sight. He at once ran home, and after
getting his breakfast, he crossed over from his house to the
residence of Mr. Shaubut, and told him the whole story.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
MR. SHAUBUT,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">who is a
banker in Mankato, brought the news to town, which set the whole
city into commotion. Men of all classes hurried about for arms.
The telegraph wires called up from Janesville the few men who
still lingered there reluctant to give up the chase. The same
lightning messenger brought men from Winona, Waseca, Owatonna,
and Faribault. St. Peter, and Le Sueur sent in their quota of
armed citizens. The message found the redoubtable Hoy at the
Nicollet hotel, where he was narrating to an admiring throng his
exploits at Elysian, and brought him back to the regained trail;
the same message arrested the St. Paul police on their homeward
journey at Blakely, and, in an incredibly short time</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
THOUSAND EAGER HUNTERS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">crowded into
the streets of Mankato seeking information and anxious for
orders. The ubiquitous Dill was there with his disciplined men.
Baxter was there and Sheriffs Finch, Davis, Barton, Long and
Harrison, Mayor Wiswell and Captains Holmes and Owens. Thus were
the counties of Winona, Blue Earth, Rice, Waseca, Faribault and
Ramsey represented by their sheriffs and men. The five Northfield
boys, who had never for an hour given up the hunt, were there and
ready again to guard, mount and scour the woods.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Davis, of
Winnebago, whose story of the robbers' appearance the evening
before at Indian Lake, was so little heeded, was now almost
lionized, and it was surprising how many were all at once found
who believed in the famous horse thief catcher from the
first.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was
necessary that some system be pursued; accordingly General
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page36">[pg 36]</span> Pope, of
Mankato, was appointed generalissimo of the forces, and that
gentleman at once set about a plan of organization. Bridges must
be guarded, cross-roads and by-paths watched, patrols sent out,
and skirmish lines established. One would think by the measured
tramp of armed men, the bustle, the eager excitement, the groups
of mysterious gossips, that Mankato expected a seige from the
combined forces of all the hostile savages paying allegiance to
Sitting Bull, rather than that the men were called out to capture
six fugitive robbers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But the people
seemed determined. Their looks seemed to say that they were tired
of playing this game of hide and seek, and were for once in
downright earnest and bent upon bringing this thing to a quick
and decisive close.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was a
miserably wet morning, the rain descending in a continuous
shower, and the air was filled with a damp chilliness, which
rendered out-door vocations particularly disagreeable. The
streets and roads were filled with slimy mud—griming and
sticking, to the intense misery of pedestrians. But the rain and
the mud and the cold could not deter the excited populace, and
even women caught the infectious fever of excitement and dared
the elements in search of news. All the city was on the tip-toe
of expectancy, but the hours glided slowly along and no news was
brought in from the skirmish lines or outposts. Reports, it is
true, were rife, and many a thrilling tale of manly courage and
sanguinary encounter was whispered by mani-tongued rumor. At one
time the robbers were all slaughtered, at another, a brave
citizen was sacrificed, but enquiry proved them to owe their
existence to fertile imaginations. Evening at last closed in upon
a miserable day, and the tired, wet and hungry hunters began to
return. The Clifton house was filled with them, the congenial
host doing his best to appease their ravenous appetites, after
which the weary men stretched themselves at length upon the
floors of the parlors, offices and halls to snatch a few minutes'
refreshing slumber. Meantime a strong guard was placed at every
point around the city, and mounted men patrolled the streets all
night.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At about
midnight some of the men on guard heard peculiar whistles at
different points, which seemed to be replied to, the call
resembling the low note of the quail, and the answer, the high
note of the same bird. Report was made of the circumstance at
<span class="tei tei-q">“Headquarters,”</span> and while a
discussion was progressing as to whether the men were not
mistaken, and their ability to distinguish between the veritable
bird call and its its imitation, a mounted messenger came dashing
in with the news that three of the robbers had</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
CROSSED THE BRIDGE,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">over the Blue
Earth river and had escaped toward South Bend. The news spread
like a prairie fire, and in an incredibly short time the streets
were alive with armed men hastening down toward the point at
which the fugitives had broken the line of outposts. Sheriff
Dill, who, <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page37">[pg 37]</span>
had retired but a few minutes to the well-deserved comfortable
bed put at his disposal at the Clifton, was soon up and away with
a posse of men. Other leaders were equally alert, but all
mentally, and some physically, too, cursed the blundering guard,
which had permitted itself to be caught napping. Enquiry soon
ascertained the fact that</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
SOME ONE HAD BLUNDERED.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It appears
that General Pope in arranging for the night guard had provided
for a strong body of men being placed upon each of the bridges
over the Blue Earth, this being considered the vulnerable point
in the line, but a telegram coming to him stating that the
railroad bridge would be specially guarded by the railroad
officials, he removed his guard from that structure, and, as it
proved, opened a direct way for the brigands' escape. The
railroad authorities had placed two men and a boy on the bridge
to guard it, and about two o'clock they saw three men approaching
in single file. The guard stood on one side and the men advanced
and walked deliberately on to the trestle work and passed over,
the heroic guard being too much frightened to even breathe. As
soon as the fugitives had got fairly past, the boy rushed down to
the covered bridge and alarmed the guard there, who at once sent
a mounted messenger into the city to tell the miserable tale.
Nothing during the whole hunt had such a humiliating effect upon
the people as this fiasco, but they were doomed ere long to
receive as great a disappointment.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The night was
one of almost Egyptian darkness, and men could do little good
tramping through muddy lanes and through dripping woods without a
trail to guide them. The resolve, therefore, was to await the
break of day, when at the earliest hour of dawn a close hunt and
hot pursuit would commence. Accordingly with the gloaming, Hoy,
of Minneapolis, with a number of Mankato men and others, started
out and they were soon shown</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
TRAIL</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">which led
across the railroad bridge along the Sioux City line into a melon
patch, back to the road and on across the Garden City road. The
engineer of an incoming train motioned the pursuers toward the
thick woods covering the slopes of Pigeon Hill, some two hundred
yards from the State road. But on went the chattering, noisy
trail-hunters, chasing each other up the line. Quickly they came
to a halt and found they had overrun the trail. Doubling upon
their tracks they came back several yards and found the
foot-prints turned off into the woods. Their attention was now
attracted by a strong smell of burning feathers, and looking up
toward the beautifully wooded acclivity, they saw a thin, pale
column of smoke issuing from the luxurious foliage and spreading
itself out like a hazy film.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At this point
there seems to be conflicting statements as to what was done,
some asserting that Hoy at once made a dash toward the
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page38">[pg 38]</span> campfire;
others say that he spent several minutes consulting and ordering
his own men back to Garden City road to surround the camp. One
man, Mr. Hansen, of Mankato, says that he actually saw one of the
robbers and wanted to fire, but Hoy would not let him, stating
that he might hit some of the pursuers instead of the pursued.
Both Cole and Bob Younger afterward stated that Hoy did not
charge into the camp at all. Be this as it may, the camp when
entered was found to be deserted. When the writer entered the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ROBBER'S CAMP,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">a bright,
clear fire was burning, in front of which, toward the railroad, a
long pole was wedged in between some saplings, over which had
been hung the coats and blankets of the band. The front part of a
shirt was found, stained with blood. One wristband was wanting,
but that found at the camp discovered on the previous Sunday,
exactly corresponded with it. The shirt was of good quality and
had evidently never been laundried. Bob Younger afterwards told
the writer that the garment belonged to him. A blood-stained
handkerchief (new) with border torn from two sides was found,
with a large blue weather-proof coat, a brown linen duster,
nearly new, a piece of drugget about two yards square and two
bridles. One of the bridles had a very severe Mexican bit, and
was afterwards recognized by a Mankato man as being one that he
had exchanged at St. Peter for a milder one. Near the fire were
two fowls and a chicken skillfully dressed and jointed ready for
broiling, and several cobs of corn, some of it partially roasted,
and some of it showing marks of teeth, as though some of the men
were too hungry to wait till breakfast was ready. At the back of
the camp fire the hill ascended precipitously, and in the dead
leaves were distinctly seen the trail of the disturbed bandits.
Reaching the summit of Pigeon Hill, they crossed the Garden City
road and entered the heavy timber and dense underbrush leading
down to the Blue Earth river. The whole of this wood was filled
with men, a party of about two hundred men forming a skirmish
line about three paces apart and marching completely through it
down to Jones' ford. It was now about mid-day, and it was thought
the outlaws had doubled on their track and were concealed
somewhere in the thick coverts of</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BEAUTIFUL MINNEOPA.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Accordingly
toward this lovely spot were the forces concentrated, and all the
afternoon the wide space fronting the Rev. D. T. Rowland's
residence was filled with armed men. Although this delightful
spot is well known to pleasure-seekers, it is doubtful if ever
before it was the scene of so much bustle and animation, and the
two beautiful daughters of the reverend gentleman were kept
busily employed attending to the wants of their countless
guests.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The whole
neighborhood was thoroughly searched, the deep and shadowing
glen, the rocky chasms, the towering heights were all
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page39">[pg 39]</span> searched
through and through, not a thicket nor a cave, nor a gloomy
recess in the tortuous course of the serpentine Minneinneopa
escaped the ruthless tread of the pursuers. No one could form an
adequate idea of the number of men engaged in the hunt if they
remained themselves with one party or in one place. As the writer
was taken from one point to another, along highways and by ways
by a spirited span of colts, supplied by Mr. B. D. Pay, he was
astonished at the number of skirmishers he met. There were men
of</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ALL AGES AND ALL NATIONALITIES,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">mounted and on
foot, shadowed by every tree and covered by every bush. Could it
be possible for an escape through such a formidable line!</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Driving up
from Rush Lake towards evening weary and hungry from the day's
exertion, the writer was hailed by three men hastening across
from heavy timber to the right of the Garden City road. Halting,
he was told excitedly that the three men crossing from Garden
City came upon a dense thicket overhanging the Blue Earth river
where they heard voices. They stopped and listened when they
distinctly heard a voice.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“There is a good shelter here, why should we
move.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It was raining
at the time. The men from Garden City waited and watched, but
they saw nothing. After some time they fired off their shot guns,
but no response was made. For four hours the men kept guard over
the place, and as night was coming on they thought they would go
out in search of help.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The writer at
once alighted from his buggy and being joined by some dozen armed
men, they approached the spot indicated. The cover was almost
impenetrably dense, and it was impossible to see a dozen yards in
any direction, and the hunt ended in failure, some of the party
believing that the three men from Garden city had given way to a
strong imagination. But at</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AN INTERVIEW WITH THE YOUNGERS,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">at Madelia,
the writer was told that after leaving the camp at Minneopa
Falls, the band went in a south-easterly direction to the Blue
Earth, and then followed up the river for half an hour where they
lay in a dense thicket all day. The men in concealment heard the
pursuers, heard the shots, and saw one at least of the party
within easy pistol range of them. At nightfall many of the
hunters returned to Mankato, but still more remained out all
night performing picket duty after an arduous day's march through
the woods and over a rough country.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE LINE ADVANCED.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The search of
Thursday having proved fruitless, as night approached the line
was thrown some five miles in advance due west, and a cordon
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page40">[pg 40]</span> of pickets
was stretched from Judson, on the Minnesota river, to Garden
City, on the Watonwan river, a distance of at least thirteen
miles. The line passed through the village of Lake Crystal, the
pickets being liberally disposed at all of the roads, crossings,
fords and ferries. Brissette, Harrison and Clark, aided by W.
Erwin, of St. Paul, (a most admirable organizer and active
commander,) and Baxter, of Faribault, having charge of the
arrangements, and acting under the orders of Gen. Pope, who had
changed his headquarters to Lake Crystal. The town board of that
place responded with the most commendable promptitude to every
expressed desire of the leaders, providing provisions for a large
number of men and horses, and furnishing transportation for the
pickets to their several locations.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At an early
hour in the evening the picketing was completed, and the
commander-in-chief with his aids watched through the night,
momentarily expecting the arrival of</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
COURIERS WITH NEWS,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">everything
being arranged to mass a great number of men at any point from
which tidings of the bandits should be received. Shortly after
midnight startling news was brought in, and it transpired that
the wily bandits had again selected the weakest place in the
line, and succeeded in passing a stupid crowd of sleepy
pickets.</p>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page41">[pg 41]</span>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">A NEW DEPARTURE.</span></h2>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ANOTHER ESCAPE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It appears
that at a crossing over a small creek on the outskirts of Lake
Crystal, ten guards had been placed. Nine of them had procured
hay and ensconced themselves in the bushes to enjoy a quiet
sleep. A young man named Richard Roberts, of Mankato, alone was
faithful to his trust, and while the others slept he kept his
ceaseless vigil. The night was pitchy dark, but the brave boy had
become accustomed to it, and his ear was rendered wonderfully
acute. At about midnight he thought he heard the sound of horse's
hoofs on the deep sand of the road, and he got a position where
if any one passed he could read the outlines against the sky.
Soon a horse appeared bearing two riders.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Stepping from
his bush he cried <span class="tei tei-q">“halt,”</span> when the
two men slid over to the further side of the horse. Dick then
raised his rifle, and as the bandits undertook to rush their
horse past him, he fired. The animal gave a start, throwing his
riders, and ran rapidly away.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The two men
must have been hit in the legs, but they were not disabled, for
they immediately gained their feet and dashed into a cornfield
near by, where their trail was lost until morning. In falling
they made deep indentions in the sand, and one lost his hat,
which was of fine make and nearly new. Before young Roberts had
time to start in pursuit, the frightened horse again dashed by
him in hot haste to his home about two miles back. Early in the
morning of Friday a farmer named John Vincent came into town, and
reported that one of his horses had been used by the robbers
during the night.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BORROWING A HORSE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All of the
farmers in the vicinity had been warned to take the strictest
care of their horses for fear that the robbers would appropriate
them. In accordance with these suggestions Mr. Vincent had turned
his horses into a concealed meadow, and locked his barn strongly,
after removing all except his cart harness to the house. However,
the cunning robbers found the animal, and breaking into the barn
improvised a bridle with a halter and an old bit, cutting the
long lines of the cart harness for reins, girth and stirrups. The
next morning the poor old black horse, which bore an admirable
reputation for honesty, was found meekly standing in the door
yard evidently ashamed of the Tam O'Shanter ride in which he had
assisted. He was dirty, and lame, and his sides bled from the
wounds inflicted by the cruel spurs of the bandits.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ON THE NEW TRAIL.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A large number
of hunters were soon on the scene of the affair and <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page42">[pg 42]</span> efforts were made to
follow the trail with lanterns, but nothing was accomplished
except to establish the identity of the robbers by the impress of
a boot leaving a</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
SMALL HEEL AND SQUARE TOE,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and which had
been the guiding mark wherever the trail had been struck. At
daylight the trail was found by the impatient hunters, and it was
rapidly followed to the Seymour farm about four miles away across
the fields. Here the fleeing villains had unceremoniously helped
themselves to a splendid team of large gray mares, owned by Geo.
Rockwood, who was engaged in haying on the farm. These animals
were reputed to be the best in the county, and their subsequent
achievements proved that their reputation was merited. The
robbers had appropriated bridles, but finding no saddles they
proceeded, riding bareback. It is supposed that they stole these
horses at about three o'clock Friday morning, and it was nearly
six o'clock before it became known, so that pursuit could be
organized.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Couriers were
dispatched to recall the pickets, and no time was lost in
arranging a pursuit.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BREAKFAST AND A HAT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Soon news
arrived by telegraph that the robbers had called at the house of
a farmer named Jackson, two miles northwest of Madelia, at 6
o'clock, and asked for something to eat. On being told that
breakfast was not ready, and urged to dismount and wait for it,
they said they did not want breakfast, only a loaf of bread. The
good wife gave them what they asked for, and they insisted upon
paying for it. Mrs. Jackson finally accepted ten cents.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the
visitors was hatless, and he asked if they could not provide him
with an old one, as his had blown off into a swamp. Mrs. Jackson
said that they had only a new one which she had bought for her
son the day before. This the robber persuaded her to sell him for
$1.50, and then both started off at a brisk pace.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At 1:30 p. m.,
the fugitives called at the farm of Andrew Nelson, four miles
directly west of Madelia, and asked a few questions in regard to
the roads, and at two o'clock they called at another house on the
same errand. They made excellent headway, for later in the
afternoon they were seen near Mountain Lake, some seventeen miles
from Madelia. The alarm had been flashed ahead over the wires,
and squads were turning out from all points in hot pursuit.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
CAVALRY RAID BY RAILROAD.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As soon as
possible a special train consisting of an engine and two box-cars
was dispatched to Lake Crystal and placed at the disposal of Gen.
Pope, by the active and accommodating manager of the Sioux City
railroad. Two squads of eight carefully chosen men each were
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page43">[pg 43]</span> detailed to
proceed under command of Sheriff Barton, of Rice county, and
Detective Hoy, of Minneapolis. Barton's detachment transported
eight horses, but Hoy decided to rely upon the farmers for his
stock. The former went directly to Windom, and the latter to
Mountain Lake, from which points they started north, hoping to
intercept the robbers. However, their efforts were futile, as it
was subsequently learned that the desperadoes had passed, and
were headed in a northwesterly direction.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ON THE BOUNDLESS PRAIRIE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the evening
of Friday, the railroad was again resorted to and a squad was
dispatched to a point certainly in advance of the bandits, hoping
to arouse the inhabitants away from the railroad and telegraph.
On the train was Sheriff McDonald, of Woodbury county, Dakota
territory, and it was arranged between him and Sheriff Dill, who
led the squad, that he should proceed immediately to Sioux City,
organize two squads, and make for Sioux Falls by two routes. An
account of the last days of the hunt for these two fugitives in
this State will be found in the following special telegram
forwarded by the writer to the St. Paul <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">Pioneer-Press.</span></em></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THREE DAYS' HUNT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I took the train for Heron Like, with Sheriff Dill
and ten men, including Brissette, Clark, Harrison, Brosseau,
Gail, Avery, Richardson and Church. Arrived there at 11:30,
roused the inhabitants, and were soon under way in teams for Lake
Shetek. The citizens were eager to assist and ready to go to the
front. At sunrise took a farmer's family by surprise, but got a
good breakfast, our tired squad tumbling into warm beds. We were
left by the inmates of the house to sleep an hour and a half, and
then started, feeling better for a chicken stew. Reached the town
of Currie, Lake Shetek township, at noon. Traveled in heavy farm
wagons over bad roads. Here found the little community ready to
assist in any way. Our theory was that the robbers would
take”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ONE OF THREE TRAILS PASSING BETWEEN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Shetek and
Luverne, and on the way out left six pickets to guard the lower
trails—Brissette, Clark and Brosseau, one squad; three Winona men
another; Erwin and Harrison were mounted well and served as
scouts. It was thought that the most likely course for the
robbers was by the upper trail, hence the scouts accompanied the
commander, in order to communicate with the pickets eight and
five miles below. Dill quickly found men at his disposal, and
soon had twenty pickets posted north and south. Just at night
Erwin and Harrison dashed in and reported that the robbers had
called at the house of Mr. Swan, at the crossing of the Des
Moines river, Lime Creek township, five miles south of Shetek, at
two. This was on Saturday. There was only a <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page44">[pg 44]</span> woman at the house. The
description of the outlaws was accurate. They were still on the
gray horses, stolen near Lake Crystal. They did not get off their
horses, and asked for bread. The woman asked them to come in, but
they declined, and after they got bread and milk, they asked for
meat. They said they were after horse-thieves, and started
southwest. Later they were seen at the Lutheran church, in the
town of Center, Murray township, from which point they went
southwest, striking the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LAST HOUSE ON THE FRONTIER</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">at section
twenty-two, town one hundred and six, range forty-one, at 4:30.
They were tracked here by Avery, Gail and Richardson, of Winona,
and a courier brought the news to the scouts. This news caused
Dill to decide that they were making for the <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Lost Timber,”</span> a natural hiding place.
Recruits were called for and couriers dispatched to call in the
pickets in other directions, to concentrate on that point. A
squad consisting of thirty was raised, ten being mounted. No time
was lost, and through the cold, dismal night,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
FORCED MARCH</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was made to
Lowville, where we arrived in a big thunder storm, at one, Sunday
morning. Rested here for a hot lunch at Bartlett Low's until five
o'clock, when the extra horsemen started across the broad prairie
to the famous <span class="tei tei-q">“Lost Timber,”</span> which
it was calculated was in advance of the robbers, as it was
supposed they must rest after their superhuman efforts. The roads
were heavy. We reached the destination at ten, and found Erwin
and Harrison with six riders, who had been skirmishing all night
at the spot, and had established</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
CAMP COLE YOUNGER.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They had
picketed their horses in a deep ravine, and deployed men on the
row of high mounds commanding the prairie, and five miles down
<span class="tei tei-q">“Lost Timber”</span> valley. On arriving
there, Dill's pickets were carried out three miles each way, and
a watch kept for four hours. Scouts were sent down the valley,
and and the pockets or ravines examined. At two p. m., no tidings
being received, a council was held, and it was agreed that the
robbers must have changed their route. Dill had been sanguine in
regard to the Luverne route, and he, Church of Northfield, and I
took a team for that point, leaving most of the party to push on
to Pipestone, on the northern trail, knowing plenty of men could
be started from Luverne. A ride of twenty tedious miles brought
us to this point at 7:30 p. m. Found the town in an uproar of
excitement, as news had been sent from Worthington and a special
train dispatched with twenty men to guard the trail passing the
town. About noon Sunday, a man named Rolfe, living eleven miles
north of town, on the west bank of Rock river, came in and
reported, that at 7:30 <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page45">[pg
45]</span> while he was away from the house, two men called at
his house and asked for breakfast. They got off their gray
horses, and went into the house. The woman asked them to take off
their rubber coats. They refused to do so, and seemed very lame,
and shuffled along,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
UNABLE TO LIFT THEIR LEGS.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Mrs. Rolfe
asked if they were sick. One said their horses had ran away and
broke the wagon on the prairie, and they were forced to take to
horse. He said he had got the rheumatism and his comrade had
broken two ribs in falling from the wagon. This one gave evidence
of a bad wound in the right side, and could scarcely sit up to
eat breakfast. He refused tea and asked for milk. When they paid
for their breakfast they did not unbutton their coats, but
reached up under. It took a long time to mount, and they had to
climb upon the fence and slide on to their horses. Both wore
rubber coats, one torn on the right side, and one had fine boots
with small heel and square toes. The boots were red from walking
through the grass. They had bags filled with straw for saddles,
and old ropes looped for stirrups. They moved slowly away
southward. The robbers stopped at the house of Davis, in
Springwater, and were given bread and butter. They staid fifteen
minutes. From here they crossed the road northward from Luverne.
As these reports came in, the citizens were roused and the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
PURSUIT WAS HOT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They had been
noticed by parties driving into town. At three they were seen by
Mr. Howard, who thought they were pleasure riders. They drove on
a high knoll and surveyed the country then traveled on at a
moderate gait. Shortly after, Sheriff Rice and three others in
pursuit came very near them, so they could have reached them with
their rifles, but were</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AFRAID OF THEM,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and were
blamed for not shooting. This party followed seven miles without
attacking, and lost the trail after dark, three miles east of the
Palisades, on Splitrock river, in Dakota. About half an hour
after, Rice met a boy who said they had passed, and told him some
fellows were following, giving him</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
VULGAR INVITATION</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">to report to
the pursuers. They evidently felt easy, as they were in familiar
territory, and asked the boy where they could cross the river. He
directed them to two crossings, and they started towards the
lower, but had not crossed at six. They were in a country hard to
hunt, full of knolls and ravines. The stage from Sioux Falls this
afternoon brought in the two gray horses, which were found at the
house of Mr. Nelson, on Splitrock river, below the Palisades. The
robbers called <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page46">[pg
46]</span> there between six and eight o'clock Sunday evening.
Kelson lit a pipe and sat on the fence talking. One robber asked
if he was</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
GOING TO SIT THERE ALL NIGHT,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and inquired
about the fords and roads. After Nelson went in, the outlaws
changed their grays for his two horses, both black and blind, one
in both eyes, and the other in one. Nelson saw their revolvers.
They rode the blacks until two o'clock Monday morning, but made
only ten miles, when they changed for a pair of grays, five miles
north of Sioux Falls. The blind horses probably did not suit
them. They went through Sioux Falls about five Monday morning,
and overtook the Yankton stage. They asked the driver where he
was going. The driver told them, and asked them the same
question. The robbers did not answer, but turned back into Sioux
Falls. This is</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE LAST SEEN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">of the two
supposed to be the James brothers, as far as known in this State.
Their course has been almost directly west by compass. I think
they would have taken the northern trail, but were driven south
by Dill's division in that direction. The fugitives were robbed
of rest they intended to take, and were forced to make eighty
miles without stopping, thus showing that they had good
horses.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Various
reports have been received recently in regard to the escaped
bandits, but they are probably safely away and among their old
familiar scenes.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A few
determined spirits followed into Dakota, but the great body of
the pursuers returned disappointed to their homes, and resumed
their avocations, only to be again stirred and inspired in a few
days by the remarkable events which will be found in the
succeeding chapter.</p>
</div>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page47">[pg 47]</span>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE CAPTURE.</span></h2>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“WHAT'S THE
USE?”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was the bitter
ejaculation of pretty well every man who had for two long weeks
persistently kept on the trail of the gang of desperadoes who
perpetrated the Northfield outrage, and by Wednesday evening, the
20th, the pursuers had for the most part returned to their homes
with the full conviction that the chase was up, and the bandits
had made good their escape. To some it was more than humiliating
that after so many times being completely within their grasp, the
scoundrels had succeeded in eluding them, and this too, so often
through blundering and neglect. It seemed no consolation that the
robbers had lost more in the State than they had ever done
elsewhere. The two dead carcasses at Northfield, the captured
horses, the wounded, fleeing men were impotent to assuage their
disappointment and heal their wounded pride.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Many exciting
reports came from all quarters, but they were only met with
incredulous laughter. The bandits were gone, and that was an end
to the matter. People began to look upon the whole hunt as a huge
joke, and admiration soon showed itself for the plucky six who
could in the face of such fearful odds make good their escape.
But there were those who still thought that at least four of the
robbers were still in the neighborhood—the man wounded at
Northfield, and the three who had not crossed the river, for
notwithstanding the fact that J. Devans, of South Bend, said that
he saw <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">five</span></em> men in South Bend, whom he
was positive were the robbers, on the morning that the three
crossed the bridge, no one gave credence to his tale.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This man
asserted that he had occasion to get up about half-past two
o'clock to get some water at the pump, his wife being sick, when
he passed five men in the lane near South Bend Hotel. They wore
long linen dusters with belts, and carried blankets done up in
bridles, and he was positive they were the robbers. He saw them
leave and go on to the railroad, two walking ahead, and the fifth
man who was taller than the others, walking behind and seeming to
stoop greatly and walk with difficulty, carrying one arm in a
sling. Bob Younger's statement to the writer seemed to confirm
Devan's story.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There were not
a few people in Mankato who believed that Jack O'Neil had a hand
in the escape of the raiders. It will be remembered that this man
figured conspicuously as an informant in a case spoken of at an
early period of this narrative. Rumor had it that this O'Niel had
still in his vicious den the wounded man concealed. To satisfy
the public mind, a strong body of men crossed over the ferry and
thoroughly searched O'Niel's premises in which were found,
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page48">[pg 48]</span> besides the
unfortunate female denizens, five as low looking vagabonds as
were ever seen outside of prison walls. Although the search was
fruitless, there are many people in Mankato who still think, now
that the hunt is over, that the notorious Jack cleared his house
of Ingalls, Peabody and Quane, because he expected the Northfield
raiders on their return trip to stay and make use of his house.
Many arrests were made of innocent persons in the eagerness to
catch the robbers, and it was absolutely dangerous to be a large
man of unusual appearance, especially to be alone in the woods or
on country roads. There was one instance of a capture on
suspicion which placed two horse thieves within the grasp of
inexorable justice, that of the capture of the two men at St.
Peter, who stayed at the old Wardlow place one night and rode off
suspiciously at an early hour of the morning. These men who gave
their names as John Chafer and George Ranks, proved to be two
horse thieves from Iowa.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But the hunt
was at last given up in despair and people had gone back to their
homes, when a lad came dashing into Madelia shouting out to every
one he met, that the</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ROBBERS WERE FOUND.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Exhausted and
out of breath from his long and rapid ride, it was some few
moments ere he could sufficiently recover himself to tell an
intelligent story. To Col. Vought, the landlord of the Flanders
Hotel, the boy gave his statement.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The following
is condensed from the sworn statement of the captors, and was
published in the <span class="tei tei-q">“<em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Madelia
Times:</span></em>”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Early on
Thursday morning, September 21st, a Norwegian boy named Oscar O.
Suborn, while out milking, saw two men pass his father's house.
This boy lives eight miles from this place in a direction a
little west of north, in Linden township, Brown county. In a few
moments, he set down his pail and went to the house of Mads
Ouren, and told what he had seen. Besides Mr. Ouren, there were
there, Anton Anderson, Ole Stone and J. F. Devine. The latter
said at once he believed it was the robbers, and that the people
should be notified. Those there proceeded at once to do so. A
gang were commencing to thresh nearby, so their horses and all
others in the vicinity were ran off as fast as possible. The boy
returned home and was there told that during his absence, the two
other men had come to the house and called for something to eat.
Said they were a fishing party, were in a hurry and could not
stop for breakfast. The boy then jumped upon his father's horse
and came full speed to this place with the news. When within a
mile and a half of town, his horse fell down and threw him off
into the mud, but he re-mounted and hastened on. Arriving here,
the first he saw were Sheriff Glispin and T. L. Vought. The
latter grasped his gun, mounted his horse and was off, closely
followed by J. Severson. They were soon joined by Sheriff
Glispin, after <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page49">[pg
49]</span> having left orders to others to come, and Will Estes.
About three or four miles out they were met by a young man named
Flittie, who</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
HAD SEEN THE ROBBERS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and guided
them to where the villains were. When the party came in sight of
the robbers, the latter were at the house of John Sharphold.
Seeing their pursuers coming they seemed to try to fortify behind
a heap of earth, but when the party scattered out in an attempt
to surround them, they made off. They waded in a slough near by,
and when passing over a rise of ground beyond, Glispin and Will
Estes fired at them with their rifles, just grazing the shoulder
and cutting the shirt of one, as they afterwards learned.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This caused
the miscreants to hasten their pace, and while those pursuing
were crossing the slough and going cautiously up the hill
(fearing an ambuscade,) they had made quite an advance. As they
were on foot, it was now evident from the direction they were
taking that they knew the country, and were making for
Doolittle's herd. It was not long before they reached the Hanska
slough which they waded, The party in pursuit, who were
proceeding in a form of line, came to the slough and finding they
could not cross, Glispin and Estes went down the slough and
crossed at the house of A. Swingler, who showed them a cattle
crossing. The Sheriff sent Severson to show those citizens
coming, which way to proceed. Vought went up stream and crossed,
and about this time was joined by Dr. Overholt, and coming down
to the right of the robbers, fired occasionally to attract
others. Dr. Overholt shot with his rifle and hit one of the
robber's canes. Glispin and Estes coming up on the left, fired
several shots, and the robbers returned the fire, and being at
close range, the bullets flew thick about the pursuers, grazing
Glispin's horse.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">About half
past 12 o'clock Will Estes ran out of ammunition and was obliged
to come to town, informing those whom he met where to go, and as
soon as he arrived here sent telegrams to St. James of
movements.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In the
pursuit, Glispin, Vought and Overholt saw Doolittle's herd and
bore to the right to prevent the robbers from capturing the
horses, and crossed the river at J. Doolittle's; some men were
ordered to stay there as guard.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
FINDING THEMSELVES FOILED</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the bandits
went to the river opposite Andrew Andersen's house and called to
him to bring over his horses, that they were after the robbers.
He took the hint however and ran the horses off. The robbers then
passed up the river to the next house and crossed at a ford; then
passed through Anderson's cornfield to a granary, then seeing
teams that Mr. Horace Thompson, President of the First National
Bank of St. Paul, had out hunting, they started east toward them,
but Mr. Thompson and his son put coarse shot in their guns and
faced <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page50">[pg 50]</span> them,
seeing which the robbers turned north down the bluff and crept
along in a band in the brush to the bank of the river.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Sheriff
Glispin, and others, came down to Andersen's house, and citizens
arriving, the Sheriff posted pickets along the bluff on the south
side of the river, to watch the robbers. Among these, August
Fedder and Wm. Shannon were by the house, Ole Stone on the bluff,
and G. W. Green on a point east of the picket line on the north
side. At this time J. Dolittle came down and said the guards at
his house had gone, and the Sheriff, T. L. Vought and Dr.
Overholt returned there to see to it, and the latter was
stationed there by the Sheriff.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Meanwhile
citizens were arriving on the north side of the river, and some
of them saw the robbers go into the brush. About 1 o'clock Capt.
W. W. Murphy arrived and having definitely ascertained where the
villains were, and also that the citizens were unorganized, all
willing but no one deciding what to do, he appeared to take in
the situation immediately and at once took command and found
every one well pleased to obey. After giving directions
concerning the horses, he led forward to the north bank of the
river, the stream being about 20 feet wide, and the prairie
reaching to the water edge. Here he posted the men at equal
distances, each with instructions how to act. The names of the
men so posted were Geo. P. Johnston, T. Toren, W. H. Borland, C.
Pittis. D. Campbell, Geo. Carpenter, Joe Crandall, H. Juveland,
H. H. Winter, Chas. Ash, E. H. Bill, E. A. Loper, J. E. Smith, D.
Brayton, J. A. Gieriet, Jack Delling, W. H. H. Witham, Robt.
Shannon, W. Bundy, Isaac Bundy, G. Christopherson, and in a few
moments these were joined by F. D. Joy, G. W. Yates, H. P.
Wadsworth, O. C. Cole and several others.</p><a name="fig4" id=
"fig4"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/battlmap.jpg" alt=
"DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE FIELD AT MADELIA." title=
"DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE FIELD AT MADELIA." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
DIAGRAM OF THE BATTLE FIELD AT MADELIA.
</div>
</div>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After giving
instructions on the north side of the river, Capt. Murphy mounted
his horse, and crossed the river on a bridge to the east of where
the robbers were. Soon after, he reached the place where</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE BANDITS DESCENDED THE BLUFF</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">into the
brush, when they saw H. Thompson, and gave some necessary
instructions there—the Sheriff being absent with T. L Vought at
J. Doolittle's. Capt. Murphy after having a hurried consulation
with. Ben Rice, put his horse in charge of Alba Crandall, who led
several other horses, whom he posted on a slight knoll. Then he
stepped to the edge of the bluff and called for volunteers to
skirmish the brush, which is in a circular form and contains
about 5 acres and is situated in the northeast quarter section
20, township 107, range 31. This brush is willows and plumtrees,
interspersed with vines. Ben Rice and Geo. Bradford immediately
volunteered, followed by Chas. Pomeroy and James Severson. At
this moment T. L. Vought arrived, who immediately dismounted and
joined. Sheriff Glispin then came up and joined the party just as
they were starting off. The Capt. gave the men orders to keep in
line at an interval of 3 or 4 paces and in case the enemies were
found, to rush upon them; to examine their <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page51">[pg 51]</span> guns carefully, and to
shoot low. The line advanced as fast as possible into the brush
and passed through to the river, then made a wheel to the left
and passed up the river westward, with the right of the line near
enough to see the water. After advancing in this direction about
ten rods, a shot was fired from a very thick clump of willows, at
a distance of fifteen feet from the right of the line. As the
shot was fired, the robbers were seen obsecurely in a kneeling
position, close together. Glispin returned the fire on the
instant with a breech-loading carbine, and dropped to load. As
four of the robbers commenced firing as fast as possible, they
being armed with Colt's, and Smith and Wesson's six shooters,
army size. Capt. Murphy opened fire at this close range with a
Colt revolver; Rice discharged his carbine, then fired his
pistol; Vought and Pomeroy fired with double-barreled shot guns,
and Bradford and Severson with carbine and rifle. Just at this
time Captain Murphy received a 44 calibre pistol shot, the ball
striking a</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BRIAR ROOT PIPE</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">in his vest
pocket, smashing it to pieces, tearing the pocket to shreds, and
the ball lodged in the lining of his vest. The blow raised a
painful contusion on his side. Bradford also received a slight
wound on the wrist, drawing blood. The bandits then retreated a
little, firing as they did so, and being discovered by the men
posted across the river on the north side, several shots were
fired from there. Most of the charges in the skirmish line being
exhausted, a slight cessation of firing took place, when the
robbers cried out to cease firing, as they were all shot to
pieces, the only one able to stand being Bob Younger, he held up
his hand in token of surrender. He was immediately ordered to
advance, several guns of the skirmishers being held on him till
he was relieved of his belt and arms by Capt. Murphy, and assured
of protection from further injury. Bob had received one wound in
the breast; Cole and Jim Younger were completely riddled—Cole
having received eleven and Jim five wounds—they were laying near
together. Charley Pitts lay further to the right of the line,
dead, having received five wounds, three of which would have
caused death.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The robbers
had two revolvers a piece, and some of them were ivory handled,
nickle-plated, the finest ever seen in this part of the country,
and their belts full of bullets.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">After their
surrender they were taken in charge by Sheriff Glispin, who had
them taken to this place in a wagon, followed by the enthusiastic
crowds, composed of those engaged in the capture, and those met
on the way down, the place where they were taken being about
seven miles from here. We are told that it</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LOOKED LIKE AN ARMY</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">coming as they
neared town, and when cheers were raised over the victory, the
bandits swung their hats, too.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page52">[pg 52]</span>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When they
arrived here, they were taken to the Flanders House, and their
wounds dressed by Drs. Cooley and Overholt.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">They were kept
under guard at the hotel. During their stay here they were seen
by over three thousand persons, and their wounded appearance and
pretenses of contrition drew forth a manifest sympathy from some,
but this humane conduct of such has been very much
exaggerated.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On Saturday
morning, Sheriff Glispin, with B. Rice and Captain Murphy as
special deputies, started with the wounded bandits for Faribault,
arrived in due time and delivered the prisoners to the Sheriff of
Rice Co., that being the county in which their crime was
committed. The dead robber was taken to St. Paul, by Geo. P.
Johnston and G. W, Yates, and delivered to the State authorities
for identification. Thus was the career of this band of notorious
outlaws brought to an end for the present, with only two of the
eight who came into the State escaped, and they wounded. They
have raided in thirteen States, but Minnesota proved too much for
them, and it is hoped this severe lesson will deter all others of
the same stamp from attempting to rob, especially in this
State.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
VISIT TO MADELIA.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The first news
which reached St. Paul, was <span class="tei tei-q">“Robbers
surrounded in a swamp at Madelia, send long range
rifles.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This telegram,
however, did not excite so much interest as similar messages had
done before, for the people had got weaned of sensational
telegrams, but still there were about a score of men willing to
go out once more; among these was Chief King and a company of the
St. Paul Police, including Brissette. When the train reached
Shakopee, however, the news was received of the capture, when
King sent back part of his men, the others going to gratify
curiosity in seeing the prisoners. The news was expected at
nearly every stopping place with the further information that
Monty's train would return from St. James and bring the men on to
St. Paul.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AT MANKATO,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the excitement
was immense. A vast concourse of people—including hundreds of
women—had congregated at the depot and cheered the St. Paul train
as it drew up. The cars had hardly come to a standstill when a
whistle was heard and the discordant clang of a bell which
foretold the approach of another train from the west.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A general rush
of the assembled throng was at once made to meet the incoming
train—Monty's—which was thought to contain the captured bandits.
Cheer after cheer rent the air and broke upon the evening's
stillness as the train slowly moved up toward the station, but
when it was announced that the prisoners were not on board,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
DISAPPOINTMENT</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">took the place
of exultation, and many retired with their bitter <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page53">[pg 53]</span> conviction that the whole
thing was a hoax. Twenty minutes for supper, but more than
three-fourths of that time had been spent by the writer in
interviewing the Mankato party, which had returned from the
sanguinary field.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From these he
elicited the fact that four of the men were actually in the hands
of the Madelia people, and would be sent down in the morning.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ARRIVED AT MADELIA,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the writer
hastened to the Flanders House, where he was informed the three
prisoners, all wounded, were in bed. Finding the courteous and
obliging landlord, he was soon allowed to pass the guard at the
foot of the stairs, and ascending, he entered a small chamber,
where two men lay in one bed. The first glance told the fact that
one of the men was</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
COLE YOUNGER,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">a large,
powerful man, with bald head and sandy whiskers and moustache,
answering the description, given so many times of this man. He is
pretty badly wounded, and at the time was somewhat delirious, so
that nothing could be gleaned by questioning him.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">His body was
full of wounds, mostly caused by buckshot. His worst injuries
were about the head, several shot having penetrated the skull and
embedded themselves at the base of the brain. It was evident that
some of these leaden missiles had lodged among the nerves of the
right eye, as that organ was closed and inflamed, and appeared to
be forced forward. On entering his head, these shot had broken
down the palate arch, and the pain experienced by the prisoner
must have been intense. Lying by his side was</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
JIM YOUNGER,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">who is a
little shorter, and not nearly of such powerful build. He had
quite a number of wounds, the most serious of which was through
his mouth, the balls having displaced all of the teeth on one
side, and broken the roof of his mouth. His lips and cheeks were
terribly swollen, and he could articulate with the greatest
difficulty, although he appeared to desire to talk to his
visitors.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In another
room, about ten yards from the first, lay</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BOB YOUNGER,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">by far the
finest looking man of the whole gang, and apparently the
youngest. He is six feet two inches in height, well proportioned,
with brawny arms and thick neck. His features are well-defined,
well cut lips and expressive mouth; the chin is prominent and
rounded; he has a small sandy moustache, and a beard of about two
weeks' growth. But the most remarkable feature, after the chin
and mouth, is the heavy</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
PROJECTING CAPACIOUS BROW,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">such as
phrenologists would give to men of wonderful mathematical
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page54">[pg 54]</span> ability. This
man has two wounds, one an old one, or rather of some days'
standing, and supposed to be the result of Wheeler's carbine
practice at Northfield, which caused the disarticulation of the
right elbow joint. His other wound is from a ball entering the
right side, just below the point of the scapula, tracing the
sixth rib and coming out near the nipple. This is a mere flesh
wound, and not at all dangerous.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At first he
seemed rather reluctant to talk much, and when asked his name, he
said it was George Huddleston, to which the writer replied,
<span class="tei tei-q">“Oh, I know who you are,”</span> when he
said, with a cheering smile, <span class="tei tei-q">“Yes, most
people know me in St. Paul. I stayed at the Merchants, and was
there when the Red Caps went to Winona to play the Clippers. I
afterwards went over to Minneapolis and stopped at the Nicollet,
but on my return to St. Paul, I registered at the
European.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“But are you not a brother to the two men in the
other room?”</span> was asked.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Yes, we are brothers; we are all brothers,
sir,”</span> was the reply.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“And they say you are the Youngers. Of course, I know
Cole, but I would like to know if you are Jim or Bob?”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I will tell you in the morning,”</span> he said.
<span class="tei tei-q">“I would rather not say anything now. The
others will tell you anything you wish to know.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">But by
chatting familiarly with him, many facts of interest were
elicited. He spoke of the Northfield escapade, and said it was
the first of the kind he ever was in. When asked about his wound
in the right arm, if it was not from the carbine of Wheeler, he
stated that he thought it was from the pistol of Bates—he did not
see Wheeler. His arm dropped on his leg as described, he said,
which led to the belief that he was wounded in the leg.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In speaking of
the dead men at Northfield, the writer said that there was some
uncertainty whether the big man was Miller or Pitts. The prisoner
promptly said, with a smile, <span class="tei tei-q">“It was not
Miller.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He expressed
himself freely as to his poor</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
OPINION OF THE DETECTIVES,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and gave an
account of his party's wanderings from Mankato. He said all six
crossed the railroad bridge together. They came right through the
town on the railroad track. They knew, he said, the other bridge
was guarded, for he saw the guards; and then, hastily correcting
himself, he said:</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“We knew the bridge was watched, and then hastily
crossed over on the trestle bridge. We got some melons out of a
garden, and on the right of the railroad, a little further down,
we got two old hens and one chicken, the only fowls on the place,
and then went on to the place where we were disturbed when
getting our breakfast ready. We had it all ready to cook
when”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WE HEARD THE MEN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“running and shouting up the line and as quickly as
we could we got <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page55">[pg
55]</span> out and crossed the State road (Garden City road.) If
we had not left our bridles, the police would not have known we
had been there. I had but one arm and I seized my blankets. If I
had had two, I should have tried to carry away some of the
chicken, for we were dreadfully hungry. After crossing the road
we went southeast to the river, ran half a mile up the stream and
there laid down all day.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Asked if he
did not hear shots fired, he said he did, and saw one of the
pursuers within twenty yards of him,</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“At night,”</span> he continued, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“we made across the railroad track again, crossing
two or three miles up towards Lake Crystal, and then took a
northerly course to the road running due west from Mankato. We
then entered the Minnesota timber, where we stayed two nights.
Then we made the first of the Linden chain of lakes, I think, and
remained in that neighborhood three nights, where we got some
chickens. Up to this time we had been”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
LIVING ON CORN.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“We were very imprudent, this morning, in going to
the house for food, but we were so hungry.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He said the
name of the bald-headed man was King, and the one lying dead was
Ward. He would tell more, he said, in the morning.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The man has a
wonderfully easy manner of speaking. His voice is soft but
strong, and marvelously sympathetic and emotional.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE DEAD MAN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was next
interviewed. He was 5 feet 9¾ inches in height, rather slight,
with regular features, black straight hair, stubby moustache,
black beard of short growth. His hair is not dyed, and is,
therefore not a James, for they are light complexioned. Hands
rather coarse and covered with black hair. He was shot, with a
heavy ball, between the second and third ribs, and one inch to
the left of the breast bone. He had also had a buckshot wound in
the right arm, five inches from the point of the shoulder and
another five inches from the right hip, striking behind.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This man has
been identified as Charley Pitts, and recognized by Mr. Bunker as
the man who shot him through the arm.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The writer
next found the boy who brought in the news to Madelia of the
robbers being in the neighborhood.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
OSCAR OLESON SUBORN,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is a lad of
about seventeen, who said he lives about eight and one-half miles
from Madelia, at Linden, Riverdale township. He said that at
about seven o'clock in the morning, his father was milking, when
two men came past, walking, and said <span class=
"tei tei-q">“good morning”</span> and went on. He was coming to
the house with milk pails at the time and walked up to the gate,
but could not see the faces of the men. But <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page56">[pg 56]</span> he could see one had a
black moustache and the other red whiskers. They went past but he
said, <span class="tei tei-q">“I knew right away”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THEY WERE THE ROBBERS,</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and ran out to
my father and said, <span class="tei tei-q">“there goes the
robbers.”</span> But his father said they were not, and told him
to go and attend to his milking. He milked one cow and put the
pail inside the gate and ran up the rode which they had gone up.
His father halloed after him to come back and to take care of the
cows, for if they were the robbers, they would shoot him. He ran
on to Mars Ouren's, and asked if he saw the two men pass by. He
said he did not see any, when the boy asked the man to go with
him to see where the men had gone, but he responded by saying he
had no time. He then started off alone, and told Christensen's
folks about it, and went on the roof of the house to look around,
but could see nobody. He then hurried up to a big hill, and still
could not see anybody. When he returned, his father told him that
four men had been to get something to eat,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
SAYING THEY WERE HUNTERS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and fishers,
and asked where they could catch the best fish. The boy ran over
to Ouren's again and told them—his father objecting to his going,
saying the men would shoot him. His father hitched up the horse
in the wagon, but, seeing the boy so anxious to go, said he might
take one of the horses and go and tell the people what he had
seen, if he went the east road. He at once started for Madelia,
riding at the utmost strength of the horse, which once fell and
covered him with mud.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“I PICKED UP
MYSELF FIRST,”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“and then the horse,”</span> he said, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“and was soon off again,”</span> shouting to
everybody to look out, the robbers were about. But no one would
believe a word he said. At last he came to the hotel and saw
Thomas Vought, who said they might believe him, because he always
spoke the truth. He then gave up his horse and returned in a
wagon. The people left him to take care of the horses, and they
went down to the north branch of the river, by Andrew Andersen's.
He heard the shooting, but saw nothing till the men were
caught.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
DURING THE WHOLE NIGHT</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the utmost
order prevailed, and no word was spoken of lynching, everybody
stating that if such a thing was attempted, they would protect
the prisoners with their lives. An inquest was held on the dead
man and a verdict found in substance that the man met with his
death from the hand of one of the citizens of Madelia while
resisting arrest.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE ROBBERS' LEVEE.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The next
morning the Flanders House was literally crammed with
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page57">[pg 57]</span> eager people,
anxious to see the captive bandits, and the street in front was
thronged with an equally anxious crowd.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole Younger
frankly acknowledged their identity, saying that he was Cole,
born the 15th of January, 1844. The man lying by his side, he
said, was his brother James, and the other, slightly wounded,
Robert, their respective ages being 28 and 22 years.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THEY HELD A LEVEE</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">in their
chambers, hundreds of people passing up to see them, old men and
youths, aged ladies and young maidens, and a more singular sight
is seldom witnessed. Many believe in their contrition. Both
brothers spoke in feeling tones of their dead mother and living
sister, and this touched the women wonderfully.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Neither would
say who the dead man was, excusing themselves by stating it is a
point with them never to speak of each other's affairs, only of
their own.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The writer
mentioned to them that the other two,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE JAMES BROTHERS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">were captured,
one dead and the other dying. This seemed to affect them. Cole
asked who was dead, the smaller or larger of the two, adding the
caution, <span class="tei tei-q">“mind I don't say they are the
James brothers.”</span> When the writer said that they had
acknowledged who they were, Cole then asked, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Did they say anything of us.”</span> When answered
in the negative, he replied,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“GOOD BOYS TO
THE LAST.”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A photograph
of the two men killed at Northfield was shown them, and they were
told that the shorter was recognized by Kansas City people as
Chadwell, and the taller as Miller; also stating that Hazen said
the taller was Pitts.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole said
<span class="tei tei-q">“they were good likenesses, and cannot
but be recognized, but both detectives were wrong.”</span> He
then added, <span class="tei tei-q">“Don't misunderstand me; I
did not say neither of them was Miller, but there is no Pitts
there”</span>.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No excitement
was feared at Madelia. In fact, there was too much sympathy
shown, and every kindness was bestowed upon the captive bandits.
Caution was, however, taken to prevent their escape,</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
ARMED SENTINELS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">being placed
at the foot of the stairs and about the house.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Friday, in
this brave, plucky, generous little town of Madelia, was a day
which will long be remembered, not only by the staunch hearts and
true of the town, but also by hundreds upon hundreds of visitors,
who then for the first time trod its streets, attracted there by
the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page58">[pg 58]</span>
widespread news which suddenly raised the obscure name to a high
position upon the roll of fame.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
self-sacrificing heroism of six men made the fame of Colais in
the olden time, and the plucky</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
COURAGE OF SEVEN MEN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">has wrung from
grudging fortune the renown of Madelia to-day; for throughout the
length and breadth of the land, and wherever the pulsations of
the electric message-bearer—the nervous system of
civilization—was felt, the bosom of generous sentiment swelled
with approbation, gratitude, and pride, when the tale of the cool
dash and unselfish bravery of those seven Madelians was told. The
united voices and hearts of the whole nation swell with gratitude
and laudations for Madelia's sturdy heroism.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">All day Friday
and all the night previous, there was a constant and
ever-changing stream of visitors passing through the rooms
occupied by Madelia's fated captives. One could but speculate
with wonder upon the source of such an inexhuastible human
stream.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Not an
inconsiderable moiety of the great total of visitors was of the
gentler sex, and to one watching with interest the great bandits'
matinee and evening receptions, the changing expressions upon the
eager, expectant and occasionally indignant countenances of
visitors, was of singular interest. A strong, energetic man would
enter with knitted brow, and stern, unrelenting features, who
would be followed by a timid, half-fearful, half-loathing woman's
face. Then there were angry faces, curious faces, bold, proud
faces—faces exhibiting every phase of human passion and human
temperament—but they had scarcely passed the threshhold of either
prison chamber wherein lay the objects of all-absorbing
curiosity, when lo! presto! a metamorphose as sudden as it was
complete, and as radical as it was rapid, had taken place. Doubt,
wonder, and astonishment would grow into</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
SYMPATHY,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and often
admiration. It is safe to say that out of every hundred visitors
who looked only for a few seconds upon those daring and notorious
men, ninety-nine came away with very different, almost opposite
opinions concerning the lawless Younger brothers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Was it really
true that anger, malice, revenge, cruelty, hard, unyielding,
implacable hatred ever marred such countenances!—that cold,
murderous, steel-like scintillations ever beamed from those eyes?
Was it possible that blasphemous execrations and hellish
denunciations ever polluted such voices and blistered those
pleasant tongues? Was it really true that those three intelligent
men—courteous and affable—had plotted and executed some of the
most cold-blooded, atrocious diabolisms ever known in modern
times? Questions, perhaps, like <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page59">[pg 59]</span> these, were asked of themselves by
hundreds of visitors yesterday, and left unanswered
satisfactorily.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
COLE YOUNGER</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was more
demonstrative than either of the rest. He always respected
religion, he told one lady. His mother, he said, was a good,
praying, Christian woman, and two of his uncles were Methodist
ministers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To another who
urged him to pray for himself, for although <span class=
"tei tei-q">“the prayers of the righteous availeth much,”</span>
salvation must necessarily depend upon himself, he said:
<span class="tei tei-q">“I conceive prayer to exist in every
action, every thought, and considering the eventful life I have
led, I cannot say I have been a praying man. A splendid theme for
earnest sermons,”</span> he continued, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“is that divine mandate, <span class=
"tei tei-q">‘Remember thy Creator in the days of thy
youth.’</span> ”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To another
lady he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“It is not my raising, but
from the”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
FORCE OF CIRCUMSTANCES,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I am what I am. Accused of all manner of crimes
before I had committed one, I am like the Wandering
Jew.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In expressing
his gratitude for the kindness manifested by the ladies and the
people generally, he said: <span class="tei tei-q">“It takes a
brave man to fight a battle, but a braver man to treat well a
fallen foe.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Every lady
that entered his room he greeted courteously, and as she was
leaving, he would ask her to pray for him and his brother—when
James would chime in, <span class="tei tei-q">“Not for us, never
mind us, but pray for our dear sister.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To a group of
ladies who shrinkingly looked upon the two wounded men, Cole
said: <span class="tei tei-q">“Ladies, this is a terrible
sight.”</span> When one asked him in trembling, gentle tones,
<span class="tei tei-q">“Do your wounds pain you?”</span> his
reply was, <span class="tei tei-q">“Wounds do not trouble me,
madam; I would as leave die as be a prisoner.”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WHEN ASKED ABOUT HEYWOOD,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">he said that
ninety-nine out of a hundred would have opened the safe.
<span class="tei tei-q">“At least,”</span> he added, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“I know I would.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Asked why
Heywood was shot, he said, <span class="tei tei-q">“he supposed
the man who shot him, whoever he might be, thought Heywood was
going to shoot him. The fact that the man was on the counter and
turned round, as the papers say, and shot him, is sufficient
proof of this. Heywood went to his desk and the man thought chat
he was about to take a pistol out of the desk.”</span>
<span class="tei tei-q">“That was an unfortunate affair,”</span>
he continued, <span class="tei tei-q">“and the man who did it, no
doubt regretted it immediately.”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BOB YOUNGER,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the youngest
brother, is not disposed to talk cant, but answers questions
frankly and promptly when directed to his own affairs, but he
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page60">[pg 60]</span> will not
answer a word about any other member of the gang. When asked if
he did not think Heywood a brave fellow, he remarked that he
thought he acted from fear throughout. He was too much frightened
to open the safe, or he could not do it. He (Bob) was was of the
opinion that Heywood could not open the safe, and he did not wish
to go any further with that job. When asked</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WHY HEYWOOD WAS SHOT,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">he said it was
not on account of revenge, but simply in self-defense,
<span class="tei tei-q">“for what object could there be in such a
cold-blooded crime, when the party must be the sufferers. It was
a very unfortunate affair for us,”</span> he said.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Bob did not
hesitate to answer any question proposed to him which concerned
himself. He volunteered the statement that he was one of the
three who entered the bank, and it was he who tried to keep
Manning from firing up the street. Being asked if he was not
considered a good shot, he said he had always considered himseif
a good marksman, but he thought that he would now have to forego
all claim to being a crack-shot, after considering the unusually
bad shooting he made in the bush when captured.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To the boy who
put the Mankato men upon the track, Cole extended his hand, and
said:</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“READ YOUR
BIBLE,”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“my lad, and follow its precepts. Do not let them
lead you astray. For your part in our capture I freely forgive
you.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Every
opportunity he could get when ladies were present, he would ask
them to pray for him, and he would incessantly talk on religious
subjects and his previous history, laying the blame of his
position to the <span class="tei tei-q">“force of
circumstances,”</span> tracing the beginning of his trouble to
the <span class="tei tei-q">“murder of his father by a band of
militia thieves.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He said that
many of the great crimes for which he and his companions were
blamed, he had nothing at all to do with.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">There were not
a few of the visitors who were of the opinion that Cole Younger
was</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
FOXING IT,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and that he
was trying to play off the <span class="tei tei-q">“pious
dodge,”</span> awakening commisseration and sympathy from the
tender-hearted and religious. The asperity and bitter irony shown
when a lady less sympathizing and more matter of-fact than most
of his visitors spoke severely of his disgraceful position and
degraded life led many to think that Cole is a consumate actor
and an arch hypocrite.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When asked why
they went to the Northfield bank, and whether it was not more
risky than even Mankato banks, he said he told the others at the
first that it was</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
DANGEROUS UNDERTAKING,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and if they
had taken his advice, they would not have gone out to
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page61">[pg 61]</span> Northfield.
There was no means of getting away, for the roads were bad and
the woods filled with lakes and sloughs. It would have been
better for the band to have gone across the prairie from Mankato,
for then they would have had some $30 each.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He was asked
if he had tried to shoot any one, when he pointed out the fact
that seven of the men were almost within hand's-reach of them,
and asked what good would it have done him if all the seven were
killed. There were men enough at long range with rifles to shoot
him and his party down at their leisure.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">While Bob
Younger was conversing with the writer, a poor woman came into
the room, sobbing, <span class="tei tei-q">“Don't you know
me?”</span> she said, addressing Bob.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“No, madame, I have not that pleasure,”</span> said
Bob.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Don't you know me?”</span> reiterated the woman
between her sobs.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Indeed, I cannot recollect you, madame,”</span>
replied Bob, gently.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Don't you remember the woman who gave you bread and
butter?”</span> she asked.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Oh yes, certainly; and most thankful were we for
it,”</span> he replied.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Oh, forgive me, sir,”</span> she sobbed,
<span class="tei tei-q">“indeed, I did not intend to do
it.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I have nothing to forgive,”</span> said Bob;
<span class="tei tei-q">“you were very kind to us and we shall
not forget it.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“But forgive me, sir,”</span> she persisted,
<span class="tei tei-q">“I did not mean to betray
you.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Why, really, madam, we never supposed you did. We
did not blame you at all. We are only very grateful for what you
did for us.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“But, sir. it was because you were at our house you
were caught; but it”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
WAS NOT MY FAULT,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“indeed it was not.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Bob,
concerned, <span class="tei tei-q">“I hope you won't trouble
about it, madam. It is nothing. We cast the die and lost, and do
not blame you in the least. We are only very thankful for what
you did.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“But forgive me,”</span> persisted the poor woman,
<span class="tei tei-q">“I am so sorry,”</span> and she began
again to shed tears.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I have nothing to forgive, only to be grateful
for,”</span> said Bub, <span class="tei tei-q">“but if it will
make you feel better, I will say I forgive you,”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The poor woman
seemed to be greatly relieved and left the room, when Bob turned
round to the writer with a concerned and troubled look, and asked
the woman's name.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Mrs. Suborn, the mother of the lad who informed the
people of your whereabouts,”</span> was the reply.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“I shall never forget that name,”</span> said
Bob.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The cashier of
the First National Bank of Mankato coming in asked Bob if he did
not change a bill at his bank. Bob replied promptly that he did—a
$50 bill, <span class="tei tei-q">“But”</span> said he,
<span class="tei tei-q">“you were not in the bank at the time, we
were, however, merely giving you a call, only a little
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page62">[pg 62]</span> matter
prevented it, and we unfortunately went to Northfield
instead.”</span> The cashier asked what their intentions were in
Mankato. To which Bob replied that they intended to go through
both banks—the City and First National, and he thought that it
would have been a much safer job than the Northfield. No doubt
the <span class="tei tei-q">“little circumstance”</span> he
alluded to as destroying their plans was the fact of Jesse James
being recognized by Robinson, as related elsewhere.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Friday evening
at supper time, when the dining hall of the hotel was crowded, at
one of the table, there were dark whispers and ominous</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THREATS OF LYNCHING,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">and some talk,
of several hundred people coming up from St. Paul and Northfield
to carry out the disgraceful threat. This was sufficient to rouse
the precautionary energy of Sheriff Glispin, who at once
appointed an armed guard, which filled the entire hotel. The
guard and the populace generally were determined to protect their
prisoners to the bitter end, if the worst came to the worst, and
at half past eight o'clock the hotel was cleared, but on the
arrival of the 9 p. m. train, it was found that the rowdies had
either missed the train, or had abandoned the scheme, or the
whole thing, (which was most probable) was a hoax.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The talk at
the supper table arose from a man recently from Mankato,
asserting that the scoundrels should be lynched, offering to bet
$500 that they would be strung up before morning. It was said
that the man was intoxicated, but that was no palliation of his
brutish threat.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
DISPOSITION OF THE CAPTIVES.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">As soon as the
news of the capture was received at St. Paul, Captain Macy,
secretary to the Governor, telegraphed the executive, then at the
Centennial, the fact. The Governor promptly responded, directing
Capt. Macy to order the Madelia authorities to bring their
prisoners, with the body of the dead bandit to this city. Capt.
Macy spent about two hours in telegraphing with the sheriff of
the county, who at first strongly opposed the removal, partly on
the ground the wounded men were not in a condition to be moved,
but principally from a fear that had somehow taken possession of
the minds of those taking part in the capture, that their removal
to St. Paul would invalidate their claim for the reward offered
for their arrest. To this latter objection Capt. Macy answered
that the Governor would be responsible for the preservation of
all their rights, upon which the Sheriff telegraphed they would
be sent down by the morning train, on a sleeper tendered for that
purpose, by Supt. Lincoln. Later, however, the sheriff, in
consultation with citizens, changed his mind, and determined to
send his prisoners on to Faribault, the county seat of Rice
county. Accordingly they were placed in the cars at Madelia on
Saturday morning, and at every station en route a curious and
eager mob awaited the <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page63">[pg
63]</span> arrival of the train, anxious to get a glimpse of the
notorious freebooters. At Mankato, half the city turned out, and
arrangements were made at the depot for the crowd to pass through
and feast their eyes upon the big show.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At Faribault
the crowd was comparatively small, owing, perhaps, to the fact
that they were unexpectedly brought on by a freight train, but
when it got generally noised about that the infamous desperadoes
were lodged in the jail, people of all classes and both sexes
thronged the building anxious to gain admittance.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
AT ST. PAUL,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Capt. Macy
received a telegram from Sheriff Barton, of Rice county, as
follows: <span class="tei tei-q">“I start for Madelia in half an
hour. Will bring them by St. Paul.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Saturday
morning thereafter, about eleven o'clock crowds began to gather
along the bluffs and on the bridge and in any position in which a
view of the Sioux City train (on which it was supposed the
robbers were being brought to the city) could be obtained. The
train was seen crossing the river and immediately the crowd
commenced swarming like a hive of bees. As the train approached,
and when it came in front of the open space above the upper
elevator, the rear platform of the cars appeared to be crowded
with people, one man waving a roll of white paper. Then the
excitement seemed to culminate. Crowds rushed down the streets in
danger of being crushed under the wheels of buggies, wagons and
vehicles of all descriptions, which dashed down the streets at a
rate which set all ordinances at defiance, and scattered the mud
around in a promiscuous manner. At reaching the levee a crowd of
fully three thousand people in a terrible state of excitement,
were assembled, some climbing up on the still moving train in
spite of all efforts of the officers to prevent them, while
others ran ahead of the engine and alongside. It soon became
evident, however, that the prisoners were not aboard, and a rumor
got afloat that they had been taken off the train at Chestnut
street and brought to the county jail from thence.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Then there was
a scattering among the crowd, and a race was made for the jail,
where the moving mass was equally disappointed. Here a large
number of persons had already congregated and secured seats
around the several entrances of the portico of the Court House,
and everywhere where there was a chance of seeing anything.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Here they
waited patiently for a while, when some one started a story that
the prisoners would be brought through the Fifth street entrance,
and a run was made up Cedar street for that point. On arriving
there they were assured that no prisoners had been brought into
the jail through that entrance, and the idea began to creep
through their brains that they had been badly sold. Some,
however, could not be persuaded but that they would be smuggled
into the building, when the crowd had dispersed, and after
waiting for a considerable time <span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page64">[pg 64]</span> longer, reluctantly coming to the
conclusion that there was no chance for them to satisfy their
curiosity with a sight of the desperadoes, slowly and reluctantly
left the ground, and the square surrounding the jail was soon
abandoned to its usual and casual passers by and occupants of the
several offices.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The dead man,
Charley Pitts, was brought on to St. Paul and placed under the
care of Dr. Murphy, Surgeon General of the State, for embalming.
He was exhibited to an admiring throng of St. Paulites, who being
disappointed in not having the big show of real live bandits,
were obliged to content themselves with the dead one.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
MR. JAMES MCDONOUGH,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">chief of
police at St. Louis; a member of the police force of that city;
and Mr. C. B. Hunn, superintendent of the U. S. express company,
arrived in St. Paul on Saturday morning. These gentlemen came for
the purpose of establishing the identity of the robbers. They
were satisfied those killed at Northfield, were Bill Chadwell and
Clell Miller, immediately recognizing their photographs.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Chief
McDonough is a straight, fleshy gentleman, with a military
bearing, a keen eye, and the appearance of a man possessed of the
executive ability requisite to control and conduct so great a
force of men, (over five hundred,) as compose the splendid police
force of the city of St. Louis. He had obtained from Hobbs Kerry,
one of the gang engaged in the bold raid on the train at
Otterville, Mo., July 7th, detailed descriptions of the other
members of the gang, and early yesterday morning he visited the
capitol to view the body lying there. As soon as he looked upon
it he recognized it as Charley Pitts, whose real name is George
Wells. Every mark was found as detailed by the captured robber,
and the chief was evidently pleased to find that he had succeeded
in getting so much truth out of one of the members of a gang
whose honor is pledged not to <span class=
"tei tei-q">“peach”</span> on their comrades. One of the most
noticeable peculiarities of Pitts, who is a man of most powerful
build, is his extremely short, thick feet. They require but
number six boots, and look inadequate to support the ponderous
form above. His hands, which are also small and fat, were
roughened by work, and covered with black hair, exactly as Kerry
had said. From Mr. McDonough, it was learned that Pitts is one of
the men who are summoned when <span class="tei tei-q">“dirty
work”</span> is on hand. His home is in Texas, and he is known as
one of the boldest and most successful horse thieves in the
country. His knowledge of horses is so great, that the care of
the stock of the gang is always confided to him.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
DETECTIVES' TRIP TO FARIBAULT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Having decided
the identity of Pitts, the officers returned to the Merchants'
Hotel, and it was arranged that a special train should be
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page65">[pg 65]</span> procured to
transport them, in company with several officials of this city,
and a few well known citizens, to Faribault to interview his</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BROTHERS IN CRIME.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The train was
ready at about 1:30, Superintendent Lincoln having, at very short
notice, provided an engine and an elegant passenger coach. Among
the few that took passage in the train, were Chief McDonough, Mr.
Russell, and Superintendent Hunn, of the United States Express
Company, all of St. Louis; Mayor Maxfield, Chief King, Captain
Webber, Captain Macs, Dr. Murphy, Col. John L. Merriam and his
sons, W, R. Merriam, cashier of the Merchant's National Bank, and
master John L., Jr., who was with his father at the time of the
Gad's Hill robbery three years ago; Superintendent Lincoln (who
was also a victim of the same raid), Col. Hewitt, R. C. Munger,
H. H. Spencer, of West Wisconsin railroad; Mayor Ames, of
Northfield, and</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
LARGE NUMBER OF LADIES,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">who desired to
look upon the desperate fellows, but who evinced no more
curiosity than their male comrades.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The run to
Faribault was accomplished at about 4 o'clock. During the ride a
most open discussion of the situation of the affair took place,
and there was no concealment of the disappointment felt of any of
the bandits being taken alive, and the desire was freely
expressed that the three</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BLOODY BANDITS</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">should not be
permitted to take advantage of the clemency which the laws of
Minnesota afford to a self-convicted murderer.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The news that
a special train was <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">en route</span></em> had been kept so quiet,
that on arriving at Faribault, no persons were at the depot
except the officers of the road and Mr. Case, with several
omnibuses. It had been arranged that only a select few should
visit the jail with the detectives, and but eight persons,
including the writer were admitted, the remainder of the party
separating and seeking a lunch before they interviewed the
outlaws.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">During the
entire day there had been a constant stream of visitors from the
adjacent country, who came in all sorts of conveyances, the
citizens of Faribault giving way to them and awaiting a quieter
time to call on their distinguished guests.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The jail was
surrounded by men and women when the chosen delegation arrived,
but by an arrangement with Sheriff Barton, the crowd was
restrained, and the St. Louis gentlemen, Mayor Maxfield, Chief
King, Captain Macy, Dr. Murphy, Messrs. Lincoln and Merriam, and
representatives of the St. Paul dailies were admitted.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On entering,
Bob Younger was found sitting near the corner of the cage,
quietly smoking a cigar with a newspaper on his lap. Cole was
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page66">[pg 66]</span> lying on a
pallet at the end of the twenty foot jail outside the cage, with
a cigar in his mouth and a daily paper before him. The lazy
bandit was being fanned by a boy, and seemed wonderfully
comfortable. The third man was lying on a cot just inside the
bars, and was evidently suffering severely from the wound in his
mouth.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole Younger
was found communicative as usual. Chief King, showed him pictures
of the two James boys, taken eight years since, and he
immediately knew them, but said nobody would recognize them from
those pictures now. On looking at his own picture he acknowledged
it as one of the best he ever had taken, but when he looked at
that of Charley Pitts, he said he knew no man of that name. Chief
King said: <span class="tei tei-q">“But you know this man as
Wells,”</span> when Cole responded, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“There are Wellses in every part of the
country.”</span></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At this time
Mr. Ames, of Faribault, came up and asked what part he took in
the affair at Northfield. He declined to tell. Mr. A. then said
he thought he rode a white faced horse, and was the man that shot
the Swede. Cole denied this. Ames said that man was observed as
the best horseman of the crowd. Younger then said one man was as
good a rider as another. He was raised on a saddle, his father
having been a herder and stock man, and besides, he had served
several years in the cavalry. The gentlemen then spoke of the
killing of Heywood as a cowardly act. Cole said it was the result
of impulse, as they did not intend to kill anybody. Their plan
was to accomplish their ends by dash, and boldness, and to do the
robbing while men were frightened. This was denied by the
Northfield man, who claimed that they tried hard to kill Manning.
Cole then said that they did not try to kill him, using his name
as if he knew all about it, but fired all around him. Mr. Ames
said that could not be true, as shots were found in the railing
of the stairs behind which Manning stood. Younger denied this,
and said they desired to kill no man, as it would be of no use to
them. Ames then said he believed they had killed a hundred men,
when Cole said he had no time to talk with such a man, he had
been captured by brave men, and was being treated better than he
deserved, that he did not fear death, but hoped to be prepared
for a better world. He said he was tired and needed rest. At
this, an impulsive gentleman standing by said he wished he would
soon take his long rest. Cole seemed offended at this, and said
it was <span class="tei tei-q">“of no”</span> use to talk to
illiterate people, they could not</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style="text-align: center">“APPRECIATE A
SUBLIME LIFE!”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole said he
did not ride his fine horse up here, but bought the one he rode
of French, of St. Peter. When told by a visitor that they did bad
shooting, he said if they would prop him up at the side of the
road he would plug his hat with his left hand at ten rods every
time. He said he was the man that took the pistols from the dead
man at Northfield; and said he took his handkerchief out of his
belt as he took it <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page67">[pg
67]</span> off. He declined to tell the name of the dead man, as
it was understood none should tell about another dead or
alive.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Col Merriam
sat by the side of Cole, and said, <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Younger, I am not certain, but I think I have seen
you before.”</span> <span class="tei tei-q">“Where was
this?”</span> said Cole. The Colonel said it was at Gad's Hill
three years ago when the raid was made on the train. This, Cole
denied, and said that at that time he was in St. Clair county, in
Southwestern Missouri, where his uncle, Judge Younger resides. He
said he would refer to his uncle, who is a judge, and was a
member of the legislature, and also to a minister there. He
further said that on the day of that raid he and his brother
Robert were there, and that he preached in the afternoon,
commencing at four o'clock.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Col. Merriam
feels sure that Cole was there, judging from his figure, his
hair, and particularly by his voice. Mr. Lincoln is also certain
that he was one of the men on the train at that time, although he
wore a cloth with eye holes over his face. Master Merriam, who
was also on the train, is not certain, but thinks he has seen the
villain.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Bob Younger
was asked if he was in the Gad's hill raid, but denied it, saying
he was in Louisiana at that time, thus contradicting Cole. Bob
says he is a novice, and has only been in a few scrapes.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">While some of
the visitors were talking with the boys, Mr. McDonough, his aid,
and Dr. Murphy, were examining the prisoners for marks of
identification, and no trouble was experienced in placing Cole
and Bob Younger, but the identity of the one that claimed to be
Jim, was doubted by the detectives, as James was badly wounded in
the hip on the 7th of July last, and they thought he could not
possibly be able to stand a campaign like this at present. They
were of the opinion that he was Cal. Carter, a Texas desperado,
and one that has seldom worked with a gang until lately.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Every point of
identification as given by Hobbs Kerry, was discovered on the
Younger boys, even to the ragged wound on Bob's hand, where the
thumb had been torn off and badly attended to.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Dr. Murphy
said none were dangerously injured, and <span class=
"tei tei-q">“are sure to get well unless he doctors them.”</span>
He made a careful examination and said they had only flesh
wounds, and that the men could be about in a few days. None of
the prisoners were shackled, and as the writer came out (he being
the last one of the visitors), Cole Younger got up from his bed
and walked across the jail as lively as he.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the
robbers were captured their clothes and boots were found in a bad
state. The three living robbers had each five dollars in their
pockets, and the dead one had one dollar and a half. According to
the statement of Bob Younger, all of the money, watches and
jewelry they had was given to the two robbers that escaped, as
they felt that their chances of getting away were much the
best.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
IMPRISONMENT AND TRIAL.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Great fears
were entertained that the Rice county jail at Faribault,
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page68">[pg 68]</span> would not be
of sufficient strength to hold the three famous bandit brothers,
of whose great desperation and accomplishment in the art of
prison breaking, the most wonderful and exaggerated stories were
circulated throughout the State. Sheriff Ara Barton, however, did
not hesitate to accept his distinguished boarders, and probably a
thought of their escape from him never entered his mind. He had
the bandits in his care, and he proceeded in the most systematic
manner to provide for their remaining with him. No effort was
made to strengthen the jail, but a series of guards was arranged
so that the inside and outside were both constantly under the eye
of watchful guards. The only fears entertained by those having
the robbers in charge, were that there might be efforts made from
the outside, either by a mob who would seek to lynch the
brigands, or by their own friends, who would undertake to
liberate them. For both cases, Sheriff Barton was prepared.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">A
COMPANY OF MINUTE MEN</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was formed by
citizens of the city, and the bell of an adjacent engine house
was connected with the guard room of the jail by a wire. In case
of any attack, these fifty men, armed with repeating rifles, were
to rendezvous at a certain point from whence, under their
captain, they would proceed in order to the jail. Another wise
precaution taken by the Sheriff was in the locking of the doors
of the jail, which are about 18 inches apart. He kept the key of
the inner one himself, while the guard inside retained that of
the outside door. At a private signal, the guard would reach
through and unlock the outer one, when the Sheriff would find use
for his key on the inner one. Several guards kept constant watch
night and day around the jail, and at its entrance, a cannon
loaded with a blank cartridge stood, ready to give a general
alarm. As an instance of how perfect the arrangements were, it
may be stated that on one occasion when the fire bell sounded, in
less than three minutes the jail was surrounded by men, some
carrying guns, some bludgeons, and some farm tools. Any party
foolish enough to have undertaken the rescue of those</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THREE BANDITS,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">would have
been made short work of, while a mob, with the intention of
disposing of them unlawfully, would have been met with a
determined opposition, for the entire male population of
Faribault were determined to support the Sheriff, and bring the
murderers to trial.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Notice of the
arrangements about the prison were published, and all people were
warned from approaching the jail in the night time, but one man,
belonging to the police force of the city, thought he was so well
known to the guards that he could safely visit them, and one
evening he walked toward the prison. One of the guards challenged
him, but instead of replying, he raised his hand to his coat, to
make his silver star visible, and at the same moment, the guard
mistaking the movement and supposing that the man was reaching to
his breast pocket <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page69">[pg
69]</span> for a pistol, fired, inflicting a wound that proved
fatal soon afterwards. Thus was another tragedy added to the
list, and the horror of the affair was intensified.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thus for a
month everything moved quietly along about Governor Barton's
hotel, and he remained unmoved by the hundreds of threats and
propositions he received. He is a brave man made of stern stuff,
and when a proposition was made to him to remain neutral while a
posse that was being organized, opened the jail and took the
bandits out to</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE NEAREST TREE,</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">he coolly told
their messenger, who was a prominent man in the State, and a
personal friend of his, <span class="tei tei-q">“that if they
came, no matter who they were, they would be shot down like
dogs.”</span> This remark was repeated to the party who proposed
the lynching, by Mayor Nutting, and people began to think it was
best to abandon the project of anticipating the law, while the
Younger boys remained in such hands. However, there is no doubt
but that a summary disposal of these bloody cut-throats would
have been widely endorsed by the best men of the State, as the
feeling existed that no villians ever merited death more than
they, while under the law of Minnesota, they could escape with a
life sentence, with the possibilities of escape or pardon.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
INSIDE THE JAIL.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Under the best
of medical care the Younger boys rapidly recovered from their
wounds, and in less than two weeks, Cole and Jim were up and
about, looking as well as ever, except that Cole had suffered a
partial paralysis of the right eye, which had a wild, rolling
look, and which was forced forward to an unpleasant prominence,
caused by the buckshot that still remained in his head, and which
he refused to allow the Doctors to remove, as he said they did
not incommode him.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Jim's wounds
on the outside of his face healed finely, and he proved to be a
mild, pleasant and inoffensive fellow, appearing entirely
incapable of such bloody work as that in which he had taken part,
and strengthening the belief in the story that he had been
prevailed upon contrary to his inclination. All of his back teeth
had been carried away by the shot, and the roof of his mouth
shattered, causing him much inconvenience in talking and eating,
but his appetite was good, and he managed to do full justice to
the liberal rations his hospitable host provided.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Bob enjoyed
perfect general health, but the wound through the elbow of his
right arm promised to incapacitate him, as it was rigidly stiff.
The surgeons decided on a severe operation, and Bob carelessly
submitted while the joint was broken and re-set. Then a
hinge-like holder was placed around the wounded limb, and by
slightly moving the joint each day, the arm was saved, and he is
now able to make himself useful at light work in the State
prison.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The bandits
occupied the jail with a number of other prisoners, and
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page70">[pg 70]</span> were kept
inside a series of strong iron bars that divided the cells from
the corridor. Manacles were kept upon their legs, and the eye of
a guard was never off them. They occupied their time in reading
and writing, and Cole devoted himself almost constantly to
reading the Bible, taking occasional instruction from the revised
statutes of the State, relating the punishment of murderers. All
were humble and patient, except that the independent Bob, when
the subject of hanging was under discussion, would boldly claim
that <span class="tei tei-q">“they could not hang him for what he
never did.”</span></p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
IN COURT.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the 7th day
of November, the district court of Rice county convened in
Faribault. Judge Sam'l Lord presiding. The first duty of the
sheriff, was to present the names of twenty-two grand jurors,
which he did on the 8th inst.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Younger
brothers had engaged Mr. Thomas Rutledge, of Madelia, as their
counsel, and had subsequently associated with him, Messrs.
Batchelder and Buckham, of Faribault, two of the most eminent
lawyers of the State. The prosecution was in the hands of George
N. Baxter, Esq., the county attorney of Rice county, and he had
woven a strong chain of evidence about the prisoners, having
traced them and their comrades through all their journeying from
the time they entered the State until the raid was made.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The prisoners'
counsel had long interviews with their clients, and it was
generally understood that, in case they were indicted for murder
in the first degree, they would plead <span class=
"tei tei-q">“not guilty.”</span> This was taking a risk, as in
case they were found guilty, the death penalty could be inflicted
at the option of the jury, and it would have been difficult to
find a jury but that would have quickly pronounced a doom so much
in accordance with public sentiment.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The county
attorney, Mr. Baxter, drew and presented four indictments for the
consideration of the grand jury, one charging them collectively
with being accessory to the murder of Heywood, a second, charging
them with attacking Bunker with intent to do great bodily injury;
a third, charging them with robbing the bank at Northfield; and a
fourth, charging Cole with the murder of the Swede, and his
brothers as accessories.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When Cole
Younger read the last named indictment, he appeared greatly
affected, and said that he had not expected such a bill, as he
did not kill the Swede. He said it had probably been done by
accident, as none of them shot to kill. From the time the
indictments were read by Cole, he became low-spirited, and
studied the statutes and consulted with his lawyers more than
before. Bob kept up, and declared that he would not plead guilty
in any case.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
THE GRAND JURY</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">that had been
summoned included twenty two of the best men in the <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page71">[pg 71]</span> county, but the
prisoner's counsel reduced it to seventeen, by challenging a
number who had too freely expressed their ideas in regard to the
affair. There is no doubt but that by continuing the same line of
questioning the grand jury could have all been found wanting, but
it was not the intention of the defense to delay the trial by
reducing the number below the legal minimum, but simply to refer
the bills to as few men as possible, feeling that the chance of
their finding all of the indictments could be materially
lessened.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It took the
jury but a very short time after they commenced their work to
find four true bills against the prisoners, and the evidence
given by the witnesses that testified before them, was but a
recapitulation of what they were entirely familiar with. In the
case of the Swede, whom Cole Younger was charged with killing,
evidence was given by a man and a woman, both of whom testified
that they saw Cole shoot him coolly and deliberately.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
IN THE COURT ROOM.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">On the day
after the court convened, the sister and an aunt of the Younger
boys arrived in Faribault. The sister, Miss Henrietta Younger, is
a very pretty, prepossessing young lady of about seventeen years,
and she conducted herself so as to win the esteem of all who met
her. Mrs. Fanny Twyman, their aunt, is the wife of a highly
respectable physician practicing in Missouri, and appears to be a
lady of the highest moral character. These ladies passed the
greater portion of their time sitting with their relatives,
behind the iron bars, reading, talking and sewing. On Thursday,
the 9th of November, the grand jury signified that they had
completed their labors as far as the cases of the Younger boys
were concerned, and the sheriff was instructed to bring the
prisoners to hear the indictments read.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This summons
had been expected, and the boys were ready, dressed neatly, and
looking wonderfully well after their unaccustomed confinement
that had continued for more than a month. They quietly stood up
in a row ready to be shackled together. Cole in the middle, Bob
at the right, and Jim at the left. The shackles were placed on
their feet; Bob being secured by one foot to Cole, and Jim by the
other. When the handcuffs were placed on Cole, he remarked, that
it was the first time he had ever worn them. The prisoners showed
signs of nervousness, evidently fearing that the crowd outside
would think it best to dispose of them without due process of
law. However, nothing occurred except some almost inaudible
mutterings among the spectators, but which were quickly quieted
by right-minded citizens. Slowly the procession passed to the
temple of justice, the prisoners seeing the sun and breathing the
pure air for the first time in thirty days. In advance of them
was an armed guard, led by the captain of the minute men, then
came the sheriff by the side of his prisoners, the chief of
police of Faribault, and his lieutenant, and finally another
squad of minute men with their needle guns. On reaching the
court-house, the guards <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page72">[pg
72]</span> broke to the right and left, and allowed none to enter
except those known to their captain.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The cortege
passed to the court room by a rear stairway, and when the
prisoners arrived in front of the Judge, the court-room was
thoroughly filled with people, all gazing with the greatest
curiosity on the three</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
BLOODY BROTHERS.</h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The shackles
having been removed from the arms and legs of the prisoners, they
were ordered to stand up while the indictment charging them with
killing Heywood, was read to them by the county attorney. As
their names were read, the Judge asked them if they were indicted
by their true names, to which all responded in the affirmative.
During the reading, Cole Younger never moved his sharp eye from
the face of the attorney, in fact, his gaze was so intense, that
Mr. Baxter appeared to feel it, and to be made somewhat nervous
thereby. Bob did not appear to take great interest in the matter,
and he gazed coolly about on the crowd.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The sister and
aunt of the boys were by their sides during this scene, and they
walked with them as they returned to the jail under the same
guard that escorted them forth. Until the following Saturday had
been taken by the prisoners' counsel to plead to the indictment,
and during the interval of three days the subject of how to plead
was discussed for many hours. Bob was as independent as ever,
declared he would not plead guilty, but the persuasions of sister
and aunt finally prevailed, and when taken into court on Saturday
in the same manner as before, each responded</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q" style=
"text-align: center">“GUILTY,”</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">when the
question was asked by the clerk. Judge Lord then, without preface
or remark, sentenced each to be confined in the State Prison, at
Stillwater, at hard labor, for the term of his natural Life.
After the dread words had been uttered, the sister broke down and
fell sobbing and moaning on the breast of her brother Cole.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Thus these
bloody bandits escaped the gallows where their many crimes should
have been expiated, and in a few days from the time they were
sentenced, they were on their way to Stillwater, under a strong
guard, but no attempt was made to molest them, although large
crowds were collected at each station on the railroads by which
they traveled. Sheriff Barton knew well the citizens of his
State, and he had no fear that he would be interfered with while
discharging his duty. The bandits were accompanied to their final
home in this world by their faithful relatives, who left them
within the prison walls, taking away as mementoes the clothes
which the wicked men had worn. The robbers were immediately set
at work painting pails, a labor which called for no dangerous
tools to prosecute, and a special guard was set upon the renowned
villains, as it is not intended that they shall escape to again
terrify the world by their wicked deeds.</p><a name="fig5" id=
"fig5"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/heywood.jpg" alt="JOSEPH LEE HEYWOOD." title=
"JOSEPH LEE HEYWOOD." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
JOSEPH LEE HEYWOOD.
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page73">[pg 73]</span>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">BIOGRAPHICAL.</span></h1>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">JOSEPH LEE HEYWOOD,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">the brave victim
of the desperate raid, was born at Fitzwilliam, N. H., August 12th,
1837. He left home when about twenty years of age, and passed the
better part of a year in Concord, Mass., and then changed his
residence to Fitchburg, remaining there not far from a year. At the
age of twenty-three, or in 1860, he came as far west as New
Baltimore, Mich., and for some twelve months was occupied as clerk
and book-keeper in a drug store. Moline, Illinois, then became his
home for a short time, but the war of the rebellion raging, he went
to Chicago and enlisted for three years in the 127th Illinois
regiment. This was in 1862. Soon after he was ordered to the front
and saw not a little of hard service on the march, and on the field
of battle. He was present at the unsuccessful attack on Vicksburg,
and also at the capture of Arkansas Post. Not long after, his
health giving way through exposure and over exertion, he was sent
first to the hospital, and then sent, more dead than alive, to his
friends in Illinois. A few months later, recovering his health
sufficiently to do light service, he was detailed as druggist in a
dispensary at Nashville, where he remained until the close of the
war, and was discharged in May, 1865. The next year was spent, for
the most part, with friends in Illinois, and then we find him, in
the summer of 1866, in Minnesota, and in Faribault, and the year
after in Minneapolis, in a drug store again. In the fall of 1867,
he removed to Northfield to keep books in the lumber yard, for S.
P. Stewart. Four years since he accepted the position in the bank
which he held till all earthly occupations came to a sudden and
untimely end.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He was a man
whose integrity and honor were never impeached, a good citizen and
neighbor, a friend to be sought, and a loving and loved husband and
father.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE CAPTORS.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The following
sketches of the intrepid captors who risked their lives in the bush
to attack the desperate outlaws, was supplied by W. H. H. Johnston,
Esq. for the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">Pioneer-Press,</span></em> from which it is
copied:</p>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">SHERIFF JAMES GLISPIN</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is an American,
of Irish parentage, having a mother, sisters and brothers residing
in Watonwan county. He is probably twenty-five or twenty-eight
years of age, five feet six inches in height, rather light
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page74">[pg 74]</span> built, fair
complexion, short dark brown hair, and, although in somewhat poor
health last year, is one of the quickest and most wiry young men in
the county. Possessing not only great physical strength and
endurance, whereby I have seen him completely overcome, in several
serious disturbances, larger men, boasting of their power and
daring, but he has great magnetic and persuasive influence, and I
have seen peace restored by his exceedingly quiet presence and
determined glance, whereas only a few moments previously it looked
threatening and dangerous. No tenderer or kinder-hearted man
exists, unless duty compels otherwise. I know in doing business
with him as an attorney and the evidence of the other lawyers will
be the same, that in every respect he is honorable, fair, and
impartial in the discharge of his duty, as well as a perfect
gentleman. I always considered him a remarkable young man, all wire
and grit. Four winters ago he was in Hon. B. Yates' store as a
polite and obliging clerk. The next winter he went to work in a
woolen mill at Minneapolis. He was in poor health; came to his home
and was nominated on the Democratic ticket as a liberal, against
the ex-sheriff, one of the most popular Republicans in the county,
and Glispin carried by several hundred in a Republican stronghold.
He served faithfully and well two years, and was re-nominated and
re-elected again by a large majority, and is on the close of his
second term, and I don't see any reason why he should not be a
third-termer.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CAPT. WILLIAM W. MURPHY,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">was born in
Westmorland county, Pennsylvania, and is now about thirty-nine
years of age. Went to California in 1854, and after spending
several years on the Pacific coast, returned to Pennsylvania in
1861, and entered the service as Second Lieutenant, 14th
Pennsylvania Cavalry, September, 1862; soon thereafter promoted to
a Captaincy in same regiment for gallantry on the field of
Piedmont, under Gen. Davis Hurter. During his term of service he
received two sabre and three gun-shot wounds, was mustered out of
service with his regiment, September, 1865. The following spring he
came to Minnesota and settled at Madelia, Watonwan county. He was
elected by the Republicans in 1872, as a member of the Legislature
from Watonwan. He is well educated and an intelligent man,
especially in the science of agriculture to which he gives great
attention and is quite successful. He is noted as being a man of
great personal daring and courage.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">COL. THOMAS L. VOUGHT,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is a man of
forty-five or forty-eight years of age; large, well built man, of
fine, imposing personal appearance, and if he looks cross at any
one, especially a robber, it would indicate that he meant
<span class="tei tei-q">“business.”</span> In fact he is noted as
being extremely kind hearted and pleasant in his way and manner,
but of great reserve force and determination when necessity
requires. Years ago he fought the Indians in that <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page75">[pg 75]</span> county and weathered many
bitter storms, long distances, night and days alone as stage owner
and driver and United States mail carrier. He is now well known as
the affable owner and host of Flanders Hotel, and has a large local
and transient patronage.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">GEORGE BRADFORD,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is a young man
about twenty-five years of age, son of Morris Bradford, many years
a county officer and old resident. He is a partner of J. N. Cheney,
merchant, a quiet, handsome gentleman, of splendid business
qualifications, of high integrity, regular and attentive to duty,
and is highly respected by the community; he is well educated, and
formerly was a school teacher in the county. He is very firm and
unyielding when pushed.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">BENJAMIN M. RICE</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">resides in St.
James, is a young man, son of Hon. W. D. Rice, ex-Senator
representing that county and district several terms in both
branches of the legislature at St. Paul. Young Mr. Rice was
engrossing clerk in the senate some years ago. He was born in the
extreme south, and a resident there for several years, and
possesses in a remarkable degree the fiery ardor, daring and
impetuous power, characteristic of many southern men—even bordering
on recklessness. No more lithe, wiry, or difficult man to encounter
than he if crossed. He is very familiar with the use of revolvers
and weapons, and the equal in accuracy to any one of the robbers.
He is a shrewd and successful business man, warm hearted and a
thorough gentleman in his manner and address.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">JAMES SEVERSON,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is a young
Norwegian, about eighteen or nineteen years of age, who came from
Iowa to be a clerk two years ago in the large store of G. B. Yates.
The jolliest and most popular young man, with everybody, especially
his customers. He speaks several languages well. To his wit and
gond nature everybody will bear witness, especially the ladies; he
is a good salesman, industrious, correct, and to be depended upon;
he is short, stout, and a little <span class=
"tei tei-q">“daredevil”</span> if any trouble is on hand.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CHARLES POMEROY</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is the second
son of C. M. Pomeroy, justice of the peace, and who is one of the
oldest and most respected residents of the county. The young man is
short, compact, powerfully built, and is strong, very quiet and
unobtrusive, yet immovable and tenacious when danger threatens; he
is a hardworking, industrious farmer boy, and anything that needs
coolness, courage and determination to make successful, he would be
chosen for it.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<a name="fig6" id="fig6"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/suborn.jpg" alt="OSCAR OLESON SUBORN." title=
"OSCAR OLESON SUBORN." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
OSCAR OLESON SUBORN.
</div>
</div><a name="fig7" id="fig7"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/suborn2.jpg" alt=
"AS HE APPEARED WHEN CARRYING THE NEWS." title=
"AS HE APPEARED WHEN CARRYING THE NEWS." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
AS HE APPEARED WHEN CARRYING THE NEWS.
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">OSCAR OLESON SUBORN,</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">is American
born, of Scandinavian parents, and bears a fine <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page76">[pg 76]</span> reputation for truthfulness
and industry. We insert two cuts of this lad, one representing him
as he appeared when he carried the news of the robbers presence to
Madelia and the other one showing him as he appears when in his
best clothes.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE YOUNGER FAMILY.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">[The principal
points in the following sketch were furnished by the Younger boys
and must be received as in a degree partial.—ED.]</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Henry W.
Younger, the head of this branch of the Younger family was a native
of Kentucky, but early in life he removed to Jackson county,
Missouri, in company with his father's family. The family were
thoroughly respectable, of more than ordinary intelligence, and
comfortably provided with wealth. H. W. Younger proved to be a
young man of superior ability, acquiring an excellent education,
and occupying a prominent position in the political world. Ho
served in the Missouri Legislature, and also as county judge in
Jackson county. Col. Younger was married in 1830, and lived in
Jackson county until 1858, during which time fourteen children,
eight girls and six boys, were born to them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In 1858 the
family moved to a larger farm near Harrisonville, Cass county,
where his operations in farming, stock dealing and general trade
became extensive, and his wealth rapidly increased. By his decided,
and boldly maintained political convictions, he made many
enemies—especially during the trouble which occurred between the
people of his state and those of Kansas in regard to the admission
of the latter as a slave state.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When the civil
war broke out in 1861, Younger espoused the Union cause, and on
account of his wealth and prominence was made the especial object
of the lawless depredations of the <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Jayhawkers”</span> of Kansas under Lane, Jemison and
others. His property was destroyed, his stock stolen, and he with
his family was obliged to flee for their lives.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Early in
September 1862 as Col. Younger was driving into Harrisonville, with
a large amount of money about him he was robbed and murdered in his
buggy. Even after having disposed of the father, his enemies were
not satisfied, and their aggressions were directed against the
inoffensive widow and her family of young children. They were
forced to burn and abandon their own home, and the poor woman found
no peace until finally she died in Clay county, Missouri.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THE CHILDREN.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The oldest son
Richard had died in 1860 at the early age of 23, after having
acquired a liberal education, and became an esteemed member of the
Masonic order.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Of the eight
sisters six grew up, four being well married, one of the others
dying within a few years, and another still living in maidenhood,
being the one spoken of herein.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The sons that
lived to suffer from the aggressions of the enemies of <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page77">[pg 77]</span> their father were Thomas
Coleman, James Henry, John and Robert Ewing, three of whom are now
in the hands of the law officers of Minnesota, and incarcerated in
the prison at Stillwater.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">No apology would
be accepted by the public for the course which these men have
pursued since the death of their parents, and no apology will be
offered.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“To err is human; to forgive, divine.”</span>
Forgiveness was not found in these men. Revenge was the impulse
that actuated them, and now they accept all mankind as foes. With
their education and activity they might doubtless have become
esteemed members of other communities, but they preferred to allow
their resentment to lead them until they became outlaws and branded
criminals. They have stated that they have deliberately chosen
their profession, and are prepared to abide by the consequences.
The judgment of the world is fixed, let a higher power render the
verdict.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<a name="fig8" id="fig8"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/cole.jpg" alt="COLE YOUNGER." title=
"COLE YOUNGER." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
COLE YOUNGER.
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">THOMAS COLEMAN YOUNGER.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This man whose
name has become a terror throughout the entire west, was born
January 15th, 1844, in Jackson county, Missouri. He was a bright,
active lad, and somewhat wild. His education is not such as he
might have acquired if he had availed himself of the advantages
afforded him in his early youth. He was always full of daring, and
was reckoned a keen young chap. He appears to have provoked the
hatred of certain officers of the militia under Neugent at the
early age of seventeen, and their persecutions, whether just or
unjust, caused him to desert his home, even his plan of attending
school at a distant place being interfered with.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Early in 1862
Cole joined the famous Quantrell band of guerillas, with whom he
remained until late in 1864, when he enlisted in the Confederate
army. He became a captain, and remained in the service until the
war ended, when he went to Mexico and California, where he stayed
until 1866.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole now
resolved to settle down and redeem the family farm, which had been
sadly neglected. His enemies, however, would not permit him to work
in peace, and he together with his brothers James and John were
forced to go to Texas, where they intended to make a new home for
their mother, but she died in 1870, before their plans were
completed.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In March, 1875,
a preamble and resolution was introduced into the Missouri house of
representatives, relating the crimes charged against the Younger
brothers, and granting them full amnesty and pardon. It was,
however, defeated by a small majority.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole Younger
possesses talents of no ordinary degree, and his claim that he
could never live a reputable life is absurd, as he could have
established himself in a distant community or in a foreign land and
prospered, if he had so desired. This is proved in the case of his
brother James, who, when the Northfield raid was planned, was
living and <span class="tei tei-pb" id="page78">[pg 78]</span>
prospering in California, where he had accumulated quite a sum of
money and was in a fair way of becoming well off. Money was needed
for the enterprise, and after frequent solicitation he was induced
to return to his old life and embark his savings in the speculation
that has proved so terribly disastrous, and has consigned him to a
living tomb.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole appears to
have early cultivated a taste for the wildest of adventures, and
with a ferocity and cruelly almost fiendish, the taking of human
life, when it interfered with his plans appears to have been no
more to him than the use of hard words among ordinary men. During
his connection with the Quantrell gang he was the boldest and
bloodiest of the outlaws, and was guilty of many terrible deeds
when his passions got the better of his judgment, while at other
times he would treat his defeated antagonists with a magnanimity
which showed that there was really a heart hidden away somewhere
about him. At times he would spare none of his enemies, shooting
them down like dogs, even when wounded and unable to defend
themselves, and at other times he would himself nurse and comfort
his most hated foe.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">His statement
that he <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-variant: small-caps">never killed a man</span></em> except in
legitimate conflict, is of course absurd, and none will believe
that a man who has had so desperate an experience as Cole Younger
can place any high value upon human life. At horse races, in
gambling hells, on the prairies, in railroad trains, and in quiet
valleys, he has pursued his nefarious profession, and satisfied his
revenge or gained money by force of arms, intimidating and killing
those who came in his way.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is told that
at a certain horse race he had wagered money on his horse, but one
of the crowd, all of whom were enemies of Cole, by a cowardly trick
caused his horse to lose. He forbade the stake-holder to deliver
the money to his opponent, and when he insisted upon doing so Cole
drew two large pistols and as he dashed away he discharged them
into the crowd killing three men, and escaping unharmed.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The exploits of
Quantrell and his men have been so often published that it is not
necessary to rehearse them at this time, but in nearly all of the
most desperate and bloody encounters of the desperate gang Cole
Younger played a prominent part. He was appointed to lead the most
dangerous expeditions, and his success was such that it appeared as
if the <em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-variant: small-caps">devil himself were at his
elbow</span></em>.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">One of the most
sad and cruel murders that Younger was forced to commit, was when,
after a visit to his grandmother, he was met on the threshold by
his cousin, Captain Charles Younger, who belonged to the militia of
the state. The cousins shook hands, after which Captain Younger
informed his relative that he was his prisoner. Instantly Cole drew
his revolver, and placing it in front of his cousin's face fired,
killing him instantly. Although the vicinity was filled with
militiamen the guerilla made good his escape with his usual
luck.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">WHOLESALE KILLING.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is related
that at one time Quantrell's company, after an encounter
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page79">[pg 79]</span> with a party of
jayhawkers, found fifteen prisoners on their hands. As was the
custom, arrangements were speedily made to put them to death. Among
the arms captured was an Enfield rifle, and as none of the
guerillas had ever seen one before, it was decided to test its
merits, as they had heard that its force was terrible. The poor
prisoners were placed in a row one behind the other, and Cole
Younger, claiming that the weapon ought to kill ten men at a shot,
deliberately fired at fifteen paces. The rifle disappointed the
bloody executioner, as it killed but the first three men. Seven
shots were fired by the cruel marksman before the fifteen were
disposed of.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">AS A FOOT-PAD AND ROBBER</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole Younger is
charged with having been connected with a great number of wild
adventures where stages, railroad trains, banks and stores have been
robbed, and his connection with them is not doubted by many, although
he has proved by respectable parties that he had nothing to do with
some of them.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">A series of
desperate crimes commenced to be committed as early as 1868, and it
was evident that a regularly organized band existed. It was, and is,
believed that the Younger brothers and the James brothers were the
leading spirits of the organization, and that it consisted of
desperate characters living in all parts of the western states as far
south as Texas and north through the territories. In 1868 a bank was
robbed in Russellville, Ky., and a good haul was made. In the same
year the bank at Gallaten, Mo., was attacked, and the cashier, J. W.
Sheets, was killed.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In August, 1873,
the safe belonging to Wells, Fargo & Co's express company was
taken from a stage in Nevada territory, by four masked brigands, and
broken open and robbed of about $12,000 in gold and greenbacks, while
the driver and passengers were prevented from interfering by cocked
guns held at their heads.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In January, 1874,
a stage en route for the Arkansas Hot Springs, was stopped at Gain's
place by five men wearing army overcoats, and all of the passengers
were forced to give up all of their money and valuables. There were a
number of gold watches taken, the robbers declining to receive any
silver ones, and the sums of money received ranged from $5 to $650.
The robbers asked if any of the passengers had been in the
Confederate army, and when one responded in the affirmative, his
property was returned to him, with the remark that they only robbed
Northern men, who had driven them into outlawry. Another man who was
entirely crippled by rheumatism was not interfered with and was not
robbed.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In February, 1874,
the First National Bank of Quincy, Illinois, was robbed of over
$500,000 in money and bonds, but as the work was done in the night,
it is thought that the Younger gang was not concerned in it, as they
have never been known as burglars, but bold, daring highwaymen, who
work openly.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is thought
there can be no doubt but that the Youngers were <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page80">[pg 80]</span> among the gang that attacked
the train at Gad's Hill, in 1873, as it was one of the boldest
robberies on record, the passengers in an entire train being
intimidated and robbed by a few men.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole Younger was
one of the principal actors in the Northfield tragedy, leading the
squad which dashed through the streets to intimidate the inhabitants
while his comrades robbed the bank. Undoubtedly he is accused of many
crimes he never committed, but he has made himself a name that will
long exist, as one of the most bold and reckless outlaws of modern
times.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">He claims that he
is now for the first time in prison, and one cannot but wonder how,
in this age of intelligence and civilization, so terrible a
freebooter could have carried on his nefarious business for fourteen
long years almost unmolested.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<a name="fig9" id="fig9"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/jim.jpg" alt="JAMES H. YOUNGER." title=
"JAMES H. YOUNGER." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
JAMES H. YOUNGER.
</div>
</div>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">JAMES H. YOUNGER.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The next brother,
James H. Younger, is now about 29 years of age, and is one of the
captives now in the State prison. He has suffered greatly from his
wounds received at the time of his capture. He is a mild, inoffensive
looking man, and would not be taken for a robber and murderer. He has
always been the pet of the family, and after the fight at Madelia
which closed his career as a bandit, his brothers Cole and Bob showed
great anxiety about him.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Cole said he did
not fear death as it would be over in five minutes, but he entreated
the attending doctor to <span class="tei tei-q">“exercise his utmost
skill on Jim, who was always a good boy.”</span> Bob also asked
several times for Jim, displaying much concern for his welfare.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">When their young
sister, Miss Ret Younger, visited them in their prison on the 3d of
October, 1876, she was terribly excited in finding James in such a
plight, and gave way to sobs and shrieks.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">James joined
Quantrell's company in 1863, but in the autumn of 1864 he was taken
prisoner in the skirmish which resulted in the death of the notorious
leader, and was incarcerated in the military prison at Alton, Ill.,
where he remained until the middle of 1866. He has been more domestic
in his tastes than his brothers, although he has been in many
desperate scrapes, and when the Northfield robbery was planned he was
living in California as stated elsewhere.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<a name="fig10" id="fig10"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/bob.jpg" alt="BOB YOUNGER." title=
"BOB YOUNGER." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
BOB YOUNGER.
</div>
</div>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">ROBERT E. YOUNGER.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This is the
youngest of the boys, being now nearly 23 years of age. He is quite
prepossessing in appearance, and excited the sympathy of the ladies
especially in his captivity. His career of crime extends over about
three years, commencing when he was charged with horse stealing in
connection with his brother John. Until that time he had remained
quietly at home, being the only protector his mother had until her
death, and his sister since. Bob was one of the men in the bank at
Northfield and was to have taken the money.</p>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">CHARLES PITTS.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This bandit who
was killed at Madelia, is known throughout the <span class=
"tei tei-pb" id="page81">[pg 81]</span> south as Wells. He is
presumed to be the man that shot the brave cashier. He is reputed to
have been one of the most daring of southern horse thieves, and
possessed a great knowledge of horses. His nature was brutal, and he
was as bold and tenacious as a bull dog. The gang always engaged him
when particularly dirty work was on hand, and when on a long tramp,
as his horse education made him valuable in the care of stock. His
body has been embalmed and is now in the possession of the
surgeon-general of Minnesota, whose museum his skeleton will
ultimately grace.</p><a name="fig11" id="fig11"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/pitts.jpg" alt="CHARLEY PITTS." title=
"CHARLEY PITTS." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
CHARLEY PITTS.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">THE JAMES BROTHERS.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is supposed
that the two robbers that succeeded in escaping, leaving six of the
gang in Minnesota, three captives and three dead, were the notorious
James boys, Frank and Jesse. These bandits claim, as do the Younger
brothers, that they were forced to a course of crime by the
aggressions of their enemies.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">From the close of
the war down to the present time these men have been outlaws, and a
long list of crimes are laid at their door. Among others may be named
the robbing of the bank at Russellville, Ky., in March, 1868. The
attack on the bank of Gallaten, Mo., and the kilting of the cashier,
J. W. Sheets, in December of the same year. Another bank robbery at
Corydon, Iowa, in June, 1871. Another in Columbia, Ky., when the
cashier was killed, and still another robbery of the bank of St.
Genevieve, Mo., May, 1873. The attack on the railroad train at Gad's
Hill in 1873, the more recent robbery, in December, 1875, of the
express company's safe on a train on the Kansas Pacific Railroad at
Muncie, where $30,000 was secured, and the Otterville robbery on the
Missouri Pacific Railroad last July. All are laid to this wonderful
gang of bandits which includes the James and Younger boys and a
working gang of perhaps fifteen others.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">In January, 1875,
a desperate attempt was made to capture the James brothers by
Pinkerton's detective police, by surrounding and firing the house in
which their mother, now the wife of Dr. Samuels of Clay county, Mo.,
lived. It was a sad failure, one person being killed and several
wounded. There are no good likenessess of these robbers extant, the
only ones the police have being eight years old, and Cole Younger
says they look nothing like them.</p><span class="tei tei-pb" id=
"page82">[pg 82]</span> <a name="fig12" id="fig12"></a>
<div class="tei tei-figure" style="text-align: center">
<img src="images/burial.jpg" alt="HEYWOOD'S BURIAL." title=
"HEYWOOD'S BURIAL." />
<div class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
HEYWOOD'S BURIAL.
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<span class="tei tei-pb" id="page83">[pg 83]</span>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">NAMES OF CONTRIBUTORS.</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">At a meeting of
the banks and bankers of St. Paul, Minn., Sept. 19th 1876, the
following gentlemen, Henry P. Upham, Walter Mann, and John S. Prince
were appointed a committee to issue a circular appeal to the banks
and bankers in the United States and Canada, requesting voluntary
contributions in aid of the family of Joseph Lee Heywood, late acting
Cashier of the first national bank of Northfield, Minn., who was
instantly killed by a pistol shot by one of the gang of Younger-James
Bros., desperadoes. In answer to about seven thousand circulars that
were sent out, the committee received Twelve Thousand Six Hundred and
Two Dollars and Six Cents($12,6022.06), which, with the Five Thousand
Dollars donated by the First National Bank of Northfield to Mrs.
Heywood and her child, made the sum of Seventeen Thousand Six Hundred
and Two Dollars and Six Cents, ($17,602.06), a handsome tribute to
the brave and noble cashier, who sacrificed his life rather than
betray his trust.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">It is estimated
that upwards of Ten Thousand Dollars has been expended by the First
National Bank of Northfield, the State and County authorities, and
private citizens, in capturing the robbers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The following are
the names of the contributors:</p>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MASSACHUSETTS.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Monson National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Monson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Geo. L. Ames</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Franklin County National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Greenfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Adams National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">North Adams</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Northampton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lechmere National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">East Cambridge</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Framingham National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Framingham</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Asiatic National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Geo. E. Bullard</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Safety Fund National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fitchburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Naumkeag National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National City Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">C. C. Barry</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Northboro National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Northboro</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mercantile National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Charles River National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cambridge</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bay State National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lawrence</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Crocker National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Turners Falls</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">South Danvers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Peabody</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Central National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Security National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Quinsigamond National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester Co. Inst for Savings</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester Mechanics Savings
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">People's Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester Five Cent Savings
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worcester Safe Dep. & Trust
Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Granite Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Quincy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Central National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lynn</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Townsend National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Townsend</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Housatonic National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stockbridge</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Leicester National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Leicester</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Conway National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Conway</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">NEW YORK.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">West Troy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of America 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Tanners National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Catskill</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">J. G. Munro</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Buffalo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marine Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">H. F. Spaulding, President Cen.
Trust Co.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Brown Bros. & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Importers & Traders National
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers & Mechanics National
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Buffalo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">F. R. Delano & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Niagara Falls</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ten Banks in</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Syracuse</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lyons National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lyons</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manufacturers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Troy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fisk & Hatch</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">E. P. Cook</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Havana</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Central Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cherry Valley</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salem</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Munroe County Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rochester</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mechanics National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">G. H. Smith</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Haverstraw</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Oswego</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manufacturers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Williamsburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of North America</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manhattan Co.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Metropolitan National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">150</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">W. W. Astor</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">500</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Gallatin National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Executive Commercial Mercantile
Trust Co.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">55</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Red Hook</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Jamestown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Amsterdam</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chemical National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">American Ex. National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">J. T. Foote</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Champlain</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Witmer Bros.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Suspension Bridge</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Jamestown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manufacturers Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cohoes</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">C. P. Williams</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Albany</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rondont</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Third National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New York</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MISSOURI.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Holden</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Holden</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">People's Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chilicothe</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Third National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Louis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Montgomery County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Montgomery City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boone County National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Columbia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Joseph</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Joplin</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Joplin</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kansas City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Scotland County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Memphis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmer and Drovers Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Carthage</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Commerce</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Louis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Paris</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lawrence County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pierce City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Franklin Avenue German Savings
In</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Louis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waverly Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waverly</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Aull Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lexington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">TENNESSEE.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chattanooga</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Commercial National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Knoxville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">OHIO.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Jos. F. Larkin & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cincinnati</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ramsey & Teeple</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Delta</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wapakoneta</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Toledo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Massillon</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Portsmouth</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Harrison National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cadiz</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Commercial National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cleveland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Barber & Merrill</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wauseon</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Troy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Dayton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Youngstown Savings and Loan
Association</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Youngstown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wicks Bros. & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Springfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">East Liverpool</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ashland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MICHIGAN.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Detroit</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hillsdale</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Plymouth</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Joseph</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Port Huron</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Randall & Darrah</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Grand Rapids</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Michigan</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marshall</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boies, Rude & Co.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hudson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Houghton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Batik</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Dowagiac</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ann Arbor Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ann Arbor</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Perkins, Thompson & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hudson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hancock</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants & Miners Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Calumet</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">INDIANA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Richmond National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Richmond</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fort Wayne National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fort Wayne</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Jeffersonville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New Albany</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Brazil Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Brazil</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Walkers Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kokomo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Greensburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Branch Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Madison</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Richmond</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Peru</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Tell City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page87">[pg 87]</span>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">ILLINOIS.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marseilles</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Commercial National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chicago</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chicago Clearings House
Association</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1,000</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Union National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Aurora</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">J. A. Beach</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bunker Hill</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-q">“A
Friend”</span></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Girard</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Forreston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Forreston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Geo. Wright</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Paxton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1.50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Peoria</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Princeton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cairo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Peoples Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bloomington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Scott & Wrigley</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wyoming</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">C. G. Cloud</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">McLeansboro</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Union National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Streator</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Knowlton Bros</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Freeport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Alton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Alton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">W. F. Thornton & Son</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shelbyville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Keithsburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Freeport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kankakee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ottawa</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Quincy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Arcola</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Edgar Co. National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Paris</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Griggsville National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Griggsville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cass Co. Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Beardstown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Knoxville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">T. W. Raymond & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kinmundy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ridgely National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Springfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Warsaw</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shawneetown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rushville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stetson, Littlewood &
Richards</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Canton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Centralia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2.50</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MAINE.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Brunswick</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">West Waterville National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">West Waterville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Damariscotta</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">People's National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waterville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Banks in</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Portland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">150</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page88">[pg 88]</span>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">VERMONT.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fairhaven</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Orwell</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">ARKANSAS.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank Western Arkansas</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fort Smith</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CALIFORNIA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Woodland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Woodland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Caisse d'Epargnes francaise</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">San Francisco</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kern Valley Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bakersfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5.45</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Gold Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Oakland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Nevada Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">San Francisco</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Santa Barbara County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Santa Barbara</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10.80</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">COLORADO.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Denver</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Trinidad</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Emerson & West</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Greeley</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Colorado National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Denver</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">DAKOTA TERRITORY.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mark M. Parmer</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Yankton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">NEW HAMPSHIRE.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Claremont National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Claremont</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Castleton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Castleton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Lebanon</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lebanon</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Littleton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Littleton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">TEXAS.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ragnet & Fry</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marshall</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">J. R. Couts & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Weatherford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants and Planters Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Sherman</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Parsons</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">RHODE ISLAND.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Roger Williams National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Providence</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manufacturers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Washington National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Westerly</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Phoenix Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Exchange Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Providence</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Centerville National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Centreville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Warwick Institute for Savings</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Providence</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page89">[pg 89]</span>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CONNECTICUT.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Middletown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stamford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Phoenix National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hartford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Geo. A. Butler</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New Haven</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Banks of Bridgeport.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bridgeport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">90</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hartford National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hartford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Deep River National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Deep River</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stamford National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stamford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers & Mechanics Savings
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Middletown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Norwich Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Norwich</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Thames National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">30</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">PENNSYLVANIA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Columbia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bink</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Sharon</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pittsburgh Clearing House
Association.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pittsburgh</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">200</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pottstown .</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Oil City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank, Chester Valley</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Coatesvillle</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pittston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Watsontown Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Watsontown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cassatt & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Philadelphia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shippensburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank Hanover</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hanover</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Strasburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Petersburg Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Petersburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marine National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Erie</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank, Fayette Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Uniontown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank, Chester Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chester</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marine National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pittsburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Columbia National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Columbia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ashland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Doylstown National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Doylestown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Spring Garden Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Philadelphia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank, Oxford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Oxford</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Altoona</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Commercial National Bank of
Pennsylvania</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Philadelphia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank Republic</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Union National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Phoenixville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers & Mechanics National
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of North America</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Philadelphia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">250</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">W. L. DuBois</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">IOWA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Belle Plaine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Levitt, Johnson & Lursch</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waterloo</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boone</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wyoming</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Decorah</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National State Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Burlington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Conger, Pierce & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Dexter</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">E. Manning</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Keosaugua</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chariton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizen's National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Winterset</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">H. F. Greef & Bro</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Beautonsport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Council Bluff Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Council Bluff</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Greene County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Jefferson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Muscatine National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Muscatine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">State National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Keokuk</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Red Oak</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Davenport National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Davenport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Carroll</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Carroll City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cerro Gordo County Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mason City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Clinton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Clinton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Silverman, Cook & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Muscatine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Grinnell</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">KANSAS.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Topeka National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Topeka</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Abilene Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Abilene</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Humboldt Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Humboldt</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">1</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">D. W. Powers & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ellsworth</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Emporia National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Emporia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Turner & Otis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Independence</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MARYLAND.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Baltimore</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Union Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Westminster</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Baltimore</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Baltimore</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">CANADA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants Bank, Canada</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hamilton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$6</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Toronto</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Toronto</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">21.90</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Thos. Fyshe</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Halifax</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10.90</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">KENTUCKY.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Theo. Schwartz & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Louisville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Cynthiana</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cynthiana</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">German National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Covington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page91">[pg 91]</span>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">ALABAMA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Selma</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">SOUTH CAROLINA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">South Carolina Loan & Trust
Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Charleston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Anderson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MISSISSIPPI.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Vicksburgh Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Vicksburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">NEW JERSEY.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Morristown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$50</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">MINNESOTA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Paul</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell"></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">German American Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">75</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Dawson & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marine Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers & Mechanics Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell"><span class="tei tei-q">“A
Friend”</span></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Northwestern National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Minneapolis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Exchange Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">State National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hennepin County Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Faribault</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">C. H. Whipple</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kasson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shakopee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lake City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">A Printer</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waseca</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank for
Customer</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Le Hoy</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mankato</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Owatonna</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Washington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Worthington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stillwater</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chadbourn Bros & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Blue Earth City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmers & Traders Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hastings</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">O. Roos</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Taylors Falls</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Faribault</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lumbermens National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Stillwater</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">H. D. Brown & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Albert Lea</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Red Wing</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pierce, Simmons & Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Austin</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Farmington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Farmington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">H. H. Bell</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Duluth</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">City Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Minneapolis</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Eddy & Erskine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Plainview</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">St. Peter</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hastings</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">WISCONSIN.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Milwaukee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Exchange Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Manufacturers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Racine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Whitewater</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wisconsin Marine & Fire Ins. Co.
Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Milwaukee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bink</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hudson</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Evansville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Evansville</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Batavian Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">La Crosse</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Delavan</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Munroe</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bowman & Humbird</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Black River Falls</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Milwaukee National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Milwaukee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second Ward Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">German Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Sheboygan</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">J. F. Cleghorn</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Clinton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fond du Lac</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kellogg National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Green Bay</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Madison</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waukesha National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waukesha</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Marshall & Ilsley</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Milwaukee</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shullsburg Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shullsburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Fond du Lac</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Humphry & Clark</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bloomington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">DELAWARE.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Delaware City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Delaware</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wilmington</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Union National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Delaware</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National Bank of Wilmington & B.
W.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Newport National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Newport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">WEST VIRGINIA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank of W.
Virginia</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Morganstown</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Commercial Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Wheeling</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Exchange Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div><span class="tei tei-pb" id="page93">[pg 93]</span>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">VIRGINIA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Planters & Mechanics Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Petersburg</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">German Banking Company</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">.Alexandria</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">LOUISIANA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Citizens Bank of Louisiana</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New Orleans</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$ 10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">GEORGIA.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Americus</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Americus</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$1</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">UTAH</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Deseret National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Salt Lake City</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$10</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">OREGON.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Portland</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ladd & Tilton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell"><span class=
"tei tei-q">“Unknown”</span></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell"></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">2</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">Collected by a Committee of
Associated Banks in Boston, Massachusetts.</span><br />
<span style="font-size: 120%">H. W. PICKERING,
Chairman.</span></h2>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="3"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Taunton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Taunton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">$30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Old Boston National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Second 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">150</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Howard 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell"></td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Suffolk 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Faneuil Hall 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Blackstone 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Tremont 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Exchange 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Maverick 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Revere 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">North 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shoe & Leather 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Shawmut 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Everett 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Third 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Eagle 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Traders 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Market 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Redemption 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Webster National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boston</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hamilton 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Freemans 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Massachusetts 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Boylston 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">New England 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hide & Leather 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Massachusetts Hosp. Life Insurance
Co</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Union Sale Dep. Vaults</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">100</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Appleton National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lowell</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Railroad National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Chapin Banking Company</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Springfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Brighton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Brighton</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">30</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Warren National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Peabody</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Millers Rivers National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Athol</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Greenfield</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cambridge City National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cambridge</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pacific National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Nantucket</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Merchants National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Newburyport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Newburyport Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Ocean National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mechanics National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Five Cent Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cambridgeport National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cambridgeport</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National City Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Lynn</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">American National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Hartford, Conn</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Mercantile National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Birmingham National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Birmingham, Conn</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Central National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Middletown, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">15</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waterbury National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Waterbury, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">200</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Middlesex County National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Middletown, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Employees of above bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">New Haven County National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">New Haven, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Augusta, Maine</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Granite 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">First 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Concord, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Calais 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Calais, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Freemans 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Augusta, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Kennebec Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Cabasse National 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Gardiner 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Gardiner 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bath 〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bath 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Falls Village Savings Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">5</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Third National 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Providence, R; I.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of North America</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Slater National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Pawtucket, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">50</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rhode Island National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Weybasset, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Niantic National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Westerley, 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rhode Island National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">〃 〃</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Rockingham National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Portsmouth, N. H.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Strafford National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Dover, N. H..</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">National State Capital Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Concord, N. H.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">25</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Bank of Derby Line</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Derby, Vt</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Montpielier National Bank</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">Montpelier, Vt.</td>
<td class="tei tei-cell">20</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<table summary="This is a table" cellspacing="0" class=
"tei tei-table" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<colgroup span="1"></colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-row">
<td class="tei tei-cell">Total amount collected by committee
of associated Banks of Boston $3430</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="tei tei-back" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 6.00em">
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 5.00em; margin-top: 5.00em">
<div id="pgfooter" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 4.00em; margin-top: 4.00em">
<pre class="pre tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE NORTHFIELD TRAGEDY, OR THE ROBBER'S RAID***
</pre>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<a name="rightpageheader13" id="rightpageheader13"></a><a name=
"pgtoc14" id="pgtoc14"></a><a name="pdf15" id="pdf15"></a>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">Credits</span></h1>
<table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list" style=
"margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
<tbody>
<tr>
<th class="tei tei-label tei-label-gloss">January 6,
2014 </th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tei tei-item tei-item-gloss">
<table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list"
style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label"></th>
<td class="tei tei-item">Project Gutenberg edition
10</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label"></th>
<td class="tei tei-item"><span class=
"tei tei-respStmt"><span class=
"tei tei-name">Martin Schub</span></span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<hr class="doublepage" />
<div class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<a name="rightpageheader16" id="rightpageheader16"></a><a name=
"pgtoc17" id="pgtoc17"></a><a name="pdf18" id="pdf18"></a>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">A Word from Project
Gutenberg</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This file
should be named 44609-h.html or 44609-h.zip.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This and all
associated files of various formats will be found in: <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/4/4/6/0/44609/" class=
"block tei tei-xref" style=
"margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
<span style=
"font-size: 90%">http://www.gutenberg.org</span><span style=
"font-size: 90%">/dirs/4/4/6/0/44609/</span></a></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Updated
editions will replace the previous one — the old editions will be
renamed.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Creating the
works from public domain print editions means that no one owns a
United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation (and
you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without
permission and without paying copyright royalties. Special rules,
set forth in the General Terms of Use part of this license, apply
to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
to protect the Project Gutenberg™ concept and trademark. Project
Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and may not be used if you
charge for the eBooks, unless you receive specific permission. If
you do not charge anything for copies of this eBook, complying
with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook for nearly
any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports,
performances and research. They may be modified and printed and
given away — you may do practically <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">anything</span></em> with public domain
eBooks. Redistribution is subject to the trademark license,
especially commercial redistribution.</p>
</div>
<hr class="page" />
<div id="pglicense" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 3.00em; margin-top: 3.00em">
<a name="rightpageheader19" id="rightpageheader19"></a><a name=
"pgtoc20" id="pgtoc20"></a><a name="pdf21" id="pdf21"></a>
<h1 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 3.46em; margin-top: 3.46em">
<span style="font-size: 173%">The Full Project Gutenberg
License</span></h1>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style="font-style: italic">Please read this
before you distribute or use this work.</span></em></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">To protect the
Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free distribution of
electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or any
other work associated in any way with the phrase <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Project Gutenberg”</span>), you agree to comply with
all the terms of the Full Project Gutenberg™ License (<a href=
"#pglicense" class="tei tei-ref">available with this file</a> or
online at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a>).</p>
<div id="pglicense1" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">Section 1.</span></h2>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">General Terms of Use &
Redistributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works</span></h2>
<div id="pglicense1A" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.A.</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">By reading
or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™ electronic work,
you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to and
accept all the terms of this license and intellectual
property (trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree
to abide by all the terms of this agreement, you must cease
using and return or destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in your possession. If you paid a fee for
obtaining a copy of or access to a Project Gutenberg™
electronic work and you do not agree to be bound by the terms
of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the person or
entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph
<a href="#pglicense1E8" class="tei tei-ref">1.E.8.</a></p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1B" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.B.</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
<span class="tei tei-q">“Project Gutenberg”</span> is a
registered trademark. It may only be used on or associated in
any way with an electronic work by people who agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few things
that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph <a href="#pglicense1C" class=
"tei tei-ref">1.C</a> below. There are a lot of things you
can do with Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow
the terms of this agreement and help preserve free future
access to Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph
<a href="#pglicense1E" class="tei tei-ref">1.E</a> below.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1C" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.C.</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (<span class=
"tei tei-q">“the Foundation”</span> or PGLAF), owns a
compilation copyright in the collection of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works. Nearly all the individual works in the
collection are in the public domain in the United States. If
an individual work is in the public domain in the United
States and you are located in the United States, we do not
claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on
the work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are
removed. Of course, we hope that you will support the Project
Gutenberg™ mission of promoting free access to electronic
works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in
compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
Project Gutenberg™ name associated with the work. You can
easily comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping
this work in the same format with its attached full Project
Gutenberg™ License when you share it without charge with
others.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1D" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.D.</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are
outside the United States, check the laws of your country in
addition to the terms of this agreement before downloading,
copying, displaying, performing, distributing or creating
derivative works based on this work or any other Project
Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes no representations
concerning the copyright status of any work in any country
outside the United States.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.E.</span></h3>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Unless you
have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:</p>
<div id="pglicense1E1" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.1.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
following sentence, with active links to, or other
immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License
must appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project
Gutenberg™ work (any work on which the phrase <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Project Gutenberg”</span> appears, or with
which the phrase <span class="tei tei-q">“Project
Gutenberg”</span> is associated) is accessed, displayed,
performed, viewed, copied or distributed:</p>
<div class="block tei tei-q" style=
"margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 0.90em">
<span style="font-size: 90%">This eBook is for the use of
anyone anywhere at no cost and with almost no restrictions
whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included
with this eBook or online at</span> <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org" class=
"tei tei-xref"><span style="font-size: 90%">http://www.gutenberg.org</span></a></p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E2" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.2.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If an
individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived
from the public domain (does not contain a notice
indicating that it is posted with permission of the
copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed
to anyone in the United States without paying any fees or
charges. If you are redistributing or providing access to a
work with the phrase <span class="tei tei-q">“Project
Gutenberg”</span> associated with or appearing on the work,
you must comply either with the requirements of paragraphs
<a href="#pglicense1E1" class="tei tei-ref">1.E.1</a>
through 1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work
and the Project Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in
paragraphs <a href="#pglicense1E8" class=
"tei tei-ref">1.E.8</a> or 1.E.9.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E3" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.3.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If an
individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted
with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and
distribution must comply with both paragraphs <a href=
"#pglicense1E1" class="tei tei-ref">1.E.1</a> through 1.E.7
and any additional terms imposed by the copyright holder.
Additional terms will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™
License for all works posted with the permission of the
copyright holder found at the beginning of this work.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E4" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.4.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Do not
unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg™
License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E5" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.5.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Do not
copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
electronic work, or any part of this electronic work,
without prominently displaying the sentence set forth in
paragraph <a href="#pglicense1E1" class=
"tei tei-ref">1.E.1</a> with active links or immediate
access to the full terms of the Project Gutenberg™
License.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E6" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.6.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">You may
convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However,
if you provide access to or distribute copies of a Project
Gutenberg™ work in a format other than <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Plain Vanilla ASCII”</span> or other format
used in the official version posted on the official Project
Gutenberg™ web site (http://www.gutenberg.org), you must,
at no additional cost, fee or expense to the user, provide
a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means of
obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original
<span class="tei tei-q">“Plain Vanilla ASCII”</span> or
other form. Any alternate format must include the full
Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph
<a href="#pglicense1E1" class="tei tei-ref">1.E.1.</a></p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E7" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.7.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Do not
charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™
works unless you comply with paragraph <a href=
"#pglicense1E8" class="tei tei-ref">1.E.8</a> or 1.E.9.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E8" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.8.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">You may
charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing access
to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that</p>
<table summary="This is a list." class="tei tei-list"
style="margin-bottom: 1.00em; margin-top: 1.00em">
<tbody>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label">• </th>
<td class="tei tei-item">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits
you derive from the use of Project Gutenberg™ works
calculated using the method you already use to
calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed to
the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, but
he has agreed to donate royalties under this
paragraph to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid within 60
days following each date on which you prepare (or
are legally required to prepare) your periodic tax
returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation at the address specified in
<a href="#pglicense4" class="tei tei-ref">Section
4, <span class="tei tei-q">“Information about
donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”</span></a></p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label">• </th>
<td class="tei tei-item">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
You provide a full refund of any money paid by a
user who notifies you in writing (or by e-mail)
within 30 days of receipt that s/he does not agree
to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
License. You must require such a user to return or
destroy all copies of the works possessed in a
physical medium and discontinue all use of and all
access to other copies of Project Gutenberg™
works.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label">• </th>
<td class="tei tei-item">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
You provide, in accordance with paragraph <a href=
"#pglicense1F3" class="tei tei-ref">1.F.3</a>, a
full refund of any money paid for a work or a
replacement copy, if a defect in the electronic
work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.</p>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tei tei-labelitem">
<th class="tei tei-label">• </th>
<td class="tei tei-item">
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
You comply with all other terms of this agreement
for free distribution of Project Gutenberg™
works.</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1E9" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.E.9.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">If you
wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™
electronic work or group of works on different terms than
are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission
in writing from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation and Michael Hart, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth
in <a href="#pglicense3" class="tei tei-ref">Section 3</a>
below.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h3 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">1.F.</span></h3>
<div id="pglicense1F1" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.1.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Project
Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe
and proofread public domain works in creating the Project
Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they
may be stored, may contain <span class=
"tei tei-q">“Defects,”</span> such as, but not limited to,
incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription
errors, a copyright or other intellectual property
infringement, a defective or damaged disk or other medium,
a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or cannot
be read by your equipment.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F2" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.2.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">LIMITED
WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES — Except for the
<span class="tei tei-q">“Right of Replacement or
Refund”</span> described in <a href="#pglicense1F3" class=
"tei tei-ref">paragraph 1.F.3</a>, the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party distributing a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this agreement,
disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE PROVIDED IN
PARAGRAPH F3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK
OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F3" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.3.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">LIMITED
RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND — If you discover a defect
in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you
can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it
by sending a written explanation to the person you received
the work from. If you received the work on a physical
medium, you must return the medium with your written
explanation. The person or entity that provided you with
the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy
in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you
may choose to give you a second opportunity to receive the
work electronically in lieu of a refund. If the second copy
is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
without further opportunities to fix the problem.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F4" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.4.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Except
for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
<a href="#pglicense1F3" class="tei tei-ref">paragraph
1.F.3</a>, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS,' WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING
BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY OR FITNESS
FOR ANY PURPOSE.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F5" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.5.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Some
states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types
of damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in
this agreement violates the law of the state applicable to
this agreement, the agreement shall be interpreted to make
the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted by the
applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of
any provision of this agreement shall not void the
remaining provisions.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense1F6" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h4 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
1.F.6.</h4>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
INDEMNITY — You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation,
the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works,
harmless from all liability, costs and expenses, including
legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
the following which you do or cause to occur: (a)
distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b)
alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any
Project Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pglicense2" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">Section 2.</span></h2>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">Information about the Mission of
Project Gutenberg™</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Project
Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new
computers. It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of
volunteers and donations from people in all walks of life.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Volunteers
and financial support to provide volunteers with the assistance
they need, is critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™'s goals
and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will remain
freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a
secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help,
see Sections <a href="#pglicense3" class="tei tei-ref">3</a>
and <a href="#pglicense4" class="tei tei-ref">4</a> and the
Foundation web page at <a href="http://www.pglaf.org" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.pglaf.org</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense3" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">Section 3.</span></h2>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">Information about the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit 501(c)(3)
educational corporation organized under the laws of the state
of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax
identification number is 64-6221541. Its 501(c)(3) letter is
posted at <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf"
class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/pglaf</a>.
Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
Foundation's principal office is located at 4557 Melan Dr.
S. Fairbanks, AK, 99712., but its volunteers and employees
are scattered throughout numerous locations. Its business
office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt Lake City, UT
84116, (801) 596-1887, email business@pglaf.org. Email contact
links and up to date contact information can be found at the
Foundation's web site and official page at <a href=
"http://www.pglaf.org" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.pglaf.org</a></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">For
additional contact information:</p>
<div class="block tei tei-address" style=
"margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
<span class="tei tei-addrLine"><span style=
"font-size: 90%">Dr. Gregory
B. Newby</span></span><br />
<span class="tei tei-addrLine"><span style=
"font-size: 90%">Chief Executive and
Director</span></span><br />
<span class="tei tei-addrLine"><span style=
"font-size: 90%">gbnewby@pglaf.org</span></span><br />
</div>
</div>
<div id="pglicense4" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">Section 4.</span></h2>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">Information about Donations to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Project
Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without wide spread
public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that
can be freely distributed in machine readable form accessible
by the widest array of equipment including outdated equipment.
Many small donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important
to maintaining tax exempt status with the IRS.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">The
Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the
United States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it
takes a considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to
meet and keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit
donations in locations where we have not received written
confirmation of compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the
status of compliance for any particular state visit <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate</a></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">While we
cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors
in such states who approach us with offers to donate.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">
International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot
make any statements concerning tax treatment of donations
received from outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp
our small staff.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Please check
the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation methods
and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other ways
including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
donate, please visit: <a href=
"http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate" class=
"tei tei-xref">http://www.gutenberg.org/fundraising/donate</a></p>
</div>
<div id="pglicense5" class="tei tei-div" style=
"margin-bottom: 2.00em; margin-top: 2.00em">
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: left; margin-bottom: 2.88em; margin-top: 2.88em">
<span style="font-size: 144%">Section 5.</span></h2>
<h2 class="tei tei-head" style=
"text-align: center; margin-bottom: 2.40em; margin-top: 2.40em">
<span style="font-size: 120%">General Information About Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works.</span></h2>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em"><span class=
"tei tei-name">Professor Michael S. Hart</span> is the
originator of the Project Gutenberg™ concept of a library of
electronic works that could be freely shared with anyone. For
thirty years, he produced and distributed Project Gutenberg™
eBooks with only a loose network of volunteer support.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Project
Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed
editions, all of which are confirmed as Public Domain in the
U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Each eBook
is in a subdirectory of the same number as the eBook's eBook
number, often in several formats including plain vanilla ASCII,
compressed (zipped), HTML and others.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Corrected
<em class="tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">editions</span></em> of our eBooks replace
the old file and take over the old filename and etext number.
The replaced older file is renamed. <em class=
"tei tei-emph"><span style=
"font-style: italic">Versions</span></em> based on separate
sources are treated as new eBooks receiving new filenames and
etext numbers.</p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">Most people
start at our Web site which has the main PG search facility:
<a href="http://www.gutenberg.org" class="block tei tei-xref"
style=
"margin-bottom: 1.80em; margin-left: 3.60em; margin-top: 1.80em; margin-right: 3.60em">
<span style=
"font-size: 90%">http://www.gutenberg.org</span></a></p>
<p class="tei tei-p" style="margin-bottom: 1.00em">This Web
site includes information about Project Gutenberg™, including
how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
