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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the County of

+Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

+

+

+Title: A Glossary of Words used in the County of Wiltshire

+

+Author: George Edward Dartnell

+        Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+Release Date: May 29, 2014 [EBook #45809]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: UTF-8

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN WILTSHIRE ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by David Edwards, JoAnn Greenwood, and the Online

+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This

+file was produced from images generously made available

+by The Internet Archive)

+

+

+

+

+

+

+Transcriber's Note:

+

+_Underscores_ indicate italics.

+=Equal signs= indicate bold fonts.

+~word~ indicates bold word in slightly smaller font.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+

+             GLOSSARY OF WILTSHIRE WORDS

+

+

+                        Oxford

+        HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY

+

+

+

+

+                 A Glossary of Words

+

+                     USED IN THE

+

+                 COUNTY OF WILTSHIRE.

+

+                          BY

+

+                GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL

+                        AND THE

+         REV. EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD, M.A.

+

+                        London:

+

+       PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY

+  BY HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE.

+               AMEN CORNER, LONDON, E.C.

+

+                         1893.

+

+               [_All rights reserved._]

+

+

+

+

+PREFACE

+

+

+The following pages must not be considered as comprising an

+exhaustive Glossary of our Wiltshire Folk-speech. The field is a

+wide one, and though much has been accomplished much more still

+remains to be done. None but those who have themselves attempted such

+a task know how difficult it is to get together anything remotely

+approaching a complete list of the dialect words used in a single

+small parish, to say nothing of a large county, such as ours. Even

+when the words themselves have been collected, the work is little

+more than begun. Their range in time and place, their history and

+etymology, the side-lights thrown on them by allusions in local or

+general literature, their relation to other English dialects, and

+a hundred such matters, more or less interesting, have still to be

+dealt with. However, in spite of many difficulties and hindrances,

+the results of our five years or more of labour have proved very

+satisfactory, and we feel fully justified in claiming for this

+_Glossary_ that it contains the most complete list of Wiltshire words

+and phrases which has as yet been compiled. More than one-half of

+the words here noted have never before appeared in any Wiltshire

+Vocabulary, many of them being now recorded for the first time for

+any county, while in the case of the remainder much additional

+information will be found given, as well as numerous examples of

+actual folk-talk.

+

+The greater part of these words were originally collected by us

+as rough material for the use of the compilers of the projected

+_English Dialect Dictionary_, and have been appearing in instalments

+during the last two years in the _Wilts Archæological Magazine_

+(vol. xxvi, pp. 84-169, and 293-314; vol. xxvii, pp. 124-159), as

+_Contributions towards a Wiltshire Glossary_. The whole list has now

+been carefully revised and much enlarged, many emendations being

+made, and a very considerable number of new words inserted, either

+in the body of the work, or as _Addenda_. A few short stories,

+illustrating the dialect as actually spoken now and in Akerman's

+time, with a brief _Introduction_ dealing with Pronunciation, &c.,

+and _Appendices_ on various matters of interest, have also been

+added; so that the size of the work has been greatly increased.

+

+As regards the nature of the dialect itself, the subject has been

+fully dealt with by abler pens than ours, and we need only mention

+here that it belongs to what is now known as the South-Western group,

+which also comprises most of Dorset, Hants, Gloucester, and parts

+of Berks and Somerset. The use of dialect would appear gradually

+to be dying out now in the county, thanks, perhaps, to the spread

+of education, which too often renders the rustic half-ashamed of

+his native tongue. Good old English as at base it is,--for many a

+word or phrase used daily and hourly by the Wiltshire labourer has

+come down almost unchanged, even as regards pronunciation, from his

+Anglo-Saxon forefathers,--it is not good enough for him now. One

+here, and another there, will have been up to town, only to come back

+with a stock of slang phrases and misplaced aspirates, and a large

+and liberal contempt for the old speech and the old ways. The natural

+result is that here, as elsewhere, every year is likely to add

+considerably to the labour of collecting, until in another generation

+or so what is now difficult may become an almost hopeless task. No

+time should be lost, therefore, in noting down for permanent record

+every word and phrase, custom or superstition, still current among

+us, that may chance to come under observation.

+

+The words here gathered together will be found to fall mainly under

+three heads;--(1) Dialect, as _Caddle_, (2) Ordinary English with

+some local shade of meaning, as _Unbelieving_, and (3) Agricultural,

+as _Hyle_, many of the latter being also entitled to rank as Dialect.

+There may also be noted a small number of old words, such as _toll_

+and _charm_, that have long died out of standard English, but still

+hold their own among our country people. We have not thought it

+advisable, as a general rule, to follow the example set us by our

+predecessors in including such words as _archet_ and _deaw_, which

+merely represent the local pronunciation of orchard and dew; nor

+have we admitted _cantankerous_, _tramp_, and certain others that

+must now rank with ordinary English, whatever claim they may once

+have had to be considered as provincial. More leniency, however, has

+been exercised with regard to the agricultural terms, many that are

+undoubtedly of somewhat general use being retained side by side with

+those of more local limitation.

+

+The chief existing sources of information are as follows:--(1)

+the Glossary of Agricultural Terms in Davis's _General View of

+the Agriculture of Wilts_, 1809; reprinted in the _Archæological

+Review_, March, 1888, with many valuable notes by Prof. Skeat;

+(2) The Word-list in vol. iii. of Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_,

+1825; collated with Akerman, and reprinted in 1879 for the English

+Dialect Society, with additions and annotations, by Prof. Skeat;

+(3) Akerman's _North Wilts Glossary_, 1842, based upon Britton's

+earlier work; (4) Halliwell's _Dictionary_, 1847, where may be

+found most (but not all) of the Wiltshire words occurring in our

+older literature, as the anonymous fifteenth-century _Chronicon

+Vilodunense_, the works of John Aubrey, Bishop Kennett's _Parochial

+Antiquities_, and the collections by the same author, which form

+part of the _Lansdowne MSS._; (5) Wright's _Dictionary of Obsolete

+and Provincial English_, 1859, which is mainly a condensation of

+Halliwell's work, but contains a few additional Wiltshire words;

+(6) a Word-list in Mr. E. Slow's _Wiltshire Poems_, which he has

+recently enlarged and published separately; and (7) the curious old

+MS. _Vocabulary_ belonging to Mr. W. Cunnington, a _verbatim_ reprint

+of which will be found in the Appendix.

+

+Other authorities that must here be accorded a special mention are

+a paper _On some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases_, by the Rev. W. C.

+Plenderleath, in the _Wilts Archæological Magazine_; Britten and

+Holland's invaluable _Dictionary of English Plant-names_, which,

+however, is unfortunately very weak as regards Wilts names; the Rev.

+A. C. Smith's _Birds of Wiltshire_; Akerman's _Wiltshire Tales_; the

+_Flower-class Reports_ in the _Sarum Diocesan Gazette_; the very

+scarce _Song of Solomon in North Wilts Dialect_, by Edward Kite,

+a work of the highest value as regards the preservation of local

+pronunciation and modes of expression, but containing very few words

+that are not in themselves ordinary English; the works of Richard

+Jefferies; Canon Jackson's valuable edition of Aubrey's _Wiltshire

+Collections_; and Britton's condensation of the _Natural History of

+Wilts_. In _Old Country and Farming Words_, by Mr. Britten, 1880,

+much information as to our agricultural terms may be found, gathered

+together from the _Surveys_ and similar sources. Lastly, the various

+_Glossaries_ of the neighbouring counties, by Cope, Barnes, Jennings,

+and other writers, should be carefully collated with our Wiltshire

+Glossaries, as they often throw light on doubtful points. Fuller

+particulars as to these and other works bearing on the subject will

+be found in the Appendix on _Wiltshire Bibliography_.

+

+We regret that it has been found impossible to carry out Professor

+Skeat's suggestion that the true pronunciation should in all doubtful

+cases be clearly indicated by its Glossic equivalent. To make such

+indications of any practical value they should spring from a more

+intimate knowledge of that system than either of us can be said to

+possess. The same remarks will also apply to the short notes on

+Pronunciation, &c., where our utter inexperience as regards the

+modern scientific systems of Phonetics must be pleaded as our excuse

+for having been compelled to adopt methods that are as vague as they

+are unscientific.

+

+To the English Dialect Society and its officers we are deeply

+indebted for their kindness and generosity in undertaking to adopt

+this _Glossary_, and to publish it in their valuable series of

+County Glossaries, as well as for the courtesy shown us in all

+matters connected with the work. We have also to thank the Wilts

+Archæological Society for the space afforded us from time to time

+in their _Magazine_, and the permission granted us to reprint the

+_Word-lists_ therefrom.

+

+In our _Prefaces_ to these _Word-lists_ we mentioned that we should

+be very glad to receive any additions or suggestions from those

+interested in the subject. The result of these appeals has been very

+gratifying, not only with regard to the actual amount of new material

+so obtained, but also as showing the widespread interest felt in

+a branch of Wiltshire Archæology which has hitherto been somewhat

+neglected, and we gladly avail ourselves of this opportunity of

+repeating our expression of thanks to all those who have so kindly

+responded. To Dr. Jennings we owe an extremely lengthy list of

+Malmesbury words, from which we have made numerous extracts. We have

+found it of special value, as showing the influence of Somersetshire

+on the vocabulary and pronunciation of that part of the county. To

+Sir C. Hobhouse we are indebted for some interesting words, amongst

+which the survival of the A.S. _attercop_ is well worth noting. We

+have to thank Mr. W. Cunnington for assistance in many ways, and for

+the loan of MSS. and books, which we have found of great service.

+To Mr. J. U. Powell and Miss Kate Smith we owe the greater part of

+the words marked as occurring in the Deverill district. Mr. E. J.

+Tatum has given us much help as regards local Plant-names: Miss E.

+Boyer-Brown, Mr. F. M. Willis, Mr. E. Slow, Mr. James Rawlence,

+Mr. F. A. Rawlence, Mr. C. E. Ponting, Mr. R. Coward, the Rev. W.

+C. Plenderleath, Mr. Septimus Goddard, Mrs. Dartnell, the Rev. C.

+Soames, and the Rev. G. Hill must also be specially mentioned. We

+are indebted to Mr. W. Gale, gardener at Clyffe Pypard Vicarage, for

+valuable assistance rendered us in verifying words and reporting new

+ones.

+

+We take this opportunity of acknowledging gratefully the assistance

+which we have throughout the compilation of this _Glossary_ received

+from H. N. Goddard, Esq., of the Manor, Clyffe Pypard, to whose wide

+knowledge and long experience of Wiltshire words and ways we owe

+many valuable suggestions; from the Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer, D.D., who

+has taken much interest in the work, and to whose pen we owe many

+notes; from Professor Skeat, who kindly gave us permission to make

+use of his reprints; and last, but by no means least, from the Rev.

+A. L. Mayhew, who most kindly went through the whole MS., correcting

+minutely the etymologies suggested, and adding new matter in many

+places.

+

+In conclusion, we would say that we hope from time to time to publish

+further lists of _Addenda_ in the _Wilts Archæological Magazine_ or

+elsewhere, and that any additions and suggestions will always be very

+welcome, however brief they may be. The longest contributions are not

+always those of most value, and it has more than once happened that

+words and phrases of the greatest interest have occurred in a list

+whose brevity was its only fault.

+

+        GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL,

+                  _Abbottsfield, Stratford Road, Salisbury_.

+

+        EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD,

+             _The Vicarage, Clyffe Pypard, Wootton Bassett_.

+

+

+

+

+    CONTENTS

+

+

+                                                          PAGE

+

+    INTRODUCTION                                      xiii-xix

+

+    LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS                                   xx

+

+    GLOSSARY                                             1-186

+

+    ADDENDA TO GLOSSARY                                187-204

+

+    SPECIMENS OF DIALECT:--

+

+      EXTRACTS FROM THE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE      205-208

+      THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE                        208-209

+      THE VARGESES                                         210

+      THOMAS'S WIVES                                   210-211

+      MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES                         211

+      HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY                   211-212

+      GWOIN' RAYTHUR TOO VUR WI' A VEYTHER             212-213

+      NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER                         213-214

+      PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS                                 214

+      THE CANNINGS VAWK                                214-215

+      LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE                            215-216

+      KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY                               216

+

+    APPENDICES:--

+

+        I.--BIBLIOGRAPHY                               217-223

+       II.--CUNNINGTON MS.                             224-233

+      III.--MONTHLY MAGAZINE WORD-LIST                 234-235

+

+

+

+

+INTRODUCTION

+

+

+The following notes may perhaps serve to give some slight indication

+as to pronunciation, &c., but without the aid of Glossic it is

+impossible accurately to reproduce the actual sounds.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_A_ is usually lengthened out or broadened in some way or other.

+

+Thus in _hazon_ and _haslet_ it would be pronounced somewhat as in

+_baa_, this being no doubt what the _Monthly Magazine_ means by

+saying that '_a_ is always pronounced as _r_.'

+

+When _a_ is immediately followed by _r_, as in _ha'sh_, harsh,

+and _paa'son_, parson, the result is that the _r_ appears to be

+altogether dropped out of the word.

+

+_Aw_ final always becomes _aa_, as _laa_, law, _draa_, draw, _thaa_,

+thaw.

+

+In _saace_, sauce, _au_ becomes _aa_.

+

+_A_ is also broadened into _eä_.

+

+Thus _garden_, _gate_, and _name_ become _geärden_, _geät_, and

+_neäme_.

+

+These examples may, however, be also pronounced in other ways, even

+in the same sentence, as _garne_, _yăt_, and _naayme_, or often

+_ne-um_.

+

+_A_ is often softened in various ways.

+

+Thus, _thrash_ becomes _draish_, and _wash_, _waish_ or _weish_.

+

+It is often changed to _o_, as _zot_, sat, _ronk_, rank.

+

+Also to _e_, as _piller_, pillar, _refter_, rafter, _pert_, part.

+

+In _vur_, far, the sound is _u_ rather than _e_.

+

+The North Wilts version of the _Song of Solomon_ gives frequent

+examples of _oi_ for _ai_, as _choir_, chair, _foir_, fair, _moyden_,

+maiden; but this is probably an imported letter-change, _chayer_ or

+_chai-yer_, for instance, being nearer the true sound.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_E_ is often broadened into _aa_ or _aay_.

+

+Thus _they_ gives us _thaay_, and _break_, _braayke_.

+

+In _marchant_, merchant, and _zartin_, certain, the sound given is as

+in _tar_.

+

+_Ei_ takes the sound of _a_ in _fate_, as _desave_, deceive.

+

+_Left_, _smell_, and _kettle_ become _lift_, _smill_, and _kiddle_.

+

+In South Wilts _ĕ_ in such words as _egg_ or _leg_ becomes _a_

+or _ai_, giving us _aig_ and _laig_ or _lăg_. Thus a Heytesbury

+Rosalind would render--

+

+    'O Jupiter, how weary are my legs!'

+

+by 'O-my-poor-vit'n-laigs!' uttered all in one gasp. In N. Wilts the

+_e_ in these words is not perceptibly so altered.

+

+The _ĕ_ in such words as _linnet_ usually takes the _u_ sound,

+giving us _linnut_. In _yes_ it is lengthened out into _eece_ in S.

+Wilts, and in N. Wilts into _cez_.

+

+Long _e_ or _ee_ is shortened into _i_, as _ship_, sheep, _kippur_,

+keeper, _wick_, week, _fit_, _vit_, feet, the latter word sometimes

+being also pronounced as _ve-ut_.

+

+_Heat_ becomes _het_, and _heater_ (a flat-iron), _hetter_; while

+_hear_ is usually _hire_ in N. Wilts.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_I_ short becomes _e_, as _breng_, bring, _drenk_, drink, _zet_, sit,

+_pegs_, pigs.

+

+Occasionally it is lengthened into _ee_, as _leetle_, little.

+

+In _hit_ (_pret._) and _if_ it usually takes the sound of _u_, as

+_hut_ and _uf_ or _uv_; but _hit_ in the present tense is _het_, and

+_if_ is often sounded as _ef_ in N. Wilts.

+

+At the beginning of a word, _im_, _in_, and _un_ usually become _on_,

+as _onpossible_, _ondacent_, _oncommon_.

+

+In present participles the sound given varies between _un'_, _en'_,

+and _in'_, the _g_ almost invariably being dropped.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_O_ very commonly becomes _a_, as _archet_, orchard, _tharn_, thorn,

+_vant_, font, _vram_, from, _carn_, corn.

+

+Quite as commonly it takes the _au_ or _aw_ sound, as _hawp_, hope,

+_aupen_, open, _cawls_, coals, _hawle_, hole, _smawk_, smoke.

+

+In such words as _cold_ and _four_, the sound is _ow_ rather than

+_aw_, thus giving us _cowld_ and _vower_.

+

+_Moss_ in S. Wilts sometimes takes the long _e_, becoming _mēsh_,

+while in N. Wilts it would merely be _mawss_.

+

+_Know_ becomes either _knaw_ or _kneow_.

+

+_O_ is often sounded _oo_, as _goold_, gold, _cwoort_, court,

+_mwoor'n_ or _moor'n_, more than, _poorch_, porch.

+

+_Oo_ is sometimes shortened into _ŭ_, as _shut_, shoot, _sut_,

+soot, _tuk_, took.

+

+Very commonly the sound given to _ō_ is _wo_ or _woä_. Thus we

+get _twoad_, toad (sometimes _twoad_), _pwoast_, post, _bwoy_, boy,

+_rwoäs_, a rose, _bwoän_, bone, _spwoke_ (but more usually _spawk_ in

+N. Wilts), spoke.

+

+_Oa_ at the beginning of a word becomes _wu_, as _wuts_, oats.

+

+_Oi_ in _noise_ and _rejoice_ is sounded as _ai_.

+

+In _ointment_ and _spoil_ it becomes _ī_ or _wī_, giving

+_intment_ and _spile_ or _spwile_.

+

+_Ow_ takes the sound of _er_ or _y_, in some form or other, as

+_vollur_ and _volly_, to follow, _winder_ and _windy_, a window.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_U_ in such words as _fusty_ and _dust_ becomes _ow_, as _fowsty_,

+_dowst_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_D_ when preceded by a liquid is often dropped, as _veel'_, field,

+_vine_, to find, _dreshol_, threshold, _groun'_, ground.

+

+Conversely, it is added to such words as _miller_, _gown_, _swoon_,

+which become _millard_, _gownd_, and _zownd_.

+

+In _orchard_ and _Richard_ the _d_ becomes _t_, giving us _archet_

+and _Richut_ or _Rich't_; while occasionally _t_ becomes _d_,

+_linnet_ being formerly (but not now) thus pronounced as _linnard_ in

+N. Wilts.

+

+_D_ is dropped when it follows _n_, in such cases as _Swinnun_,

+Swindon, _Lunnon_, London.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Su_ sometimes becomes _Shu_, as _Shusan_, Susan, _shoot_, suit,

+_shewut_, suet, _shower_, sure, _Shukey_, Sukey.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Y_ is used as an aspirate in _yacker_, acre, _yarm_, arm, _yeppern_,

+apron, _yerriwig_, earwig. It takes the place of _h_ in _yeäd_, head,

+_yeldin_, a hilding; and of _g_ in _yeat_ or _yat_, a gate.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Consonants are often substituted, _chimney_ becoming _chimbley_ or

+_chimley_, _parsnip_, _pasmet_, and _turnip_, _turmut_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transpositions are very common, many of them of course representing

+the older form of a word. For examples we may take _ax_, to ask,

+_apern_, apron, _girt_, great, _wopse_, wasp, _aps_, the aspen,

+_claps_, to clasp, _cruds_, curds, _childern_, children.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_F_ almost invariably becomes _v_, as _vlower_, flower, _vox_, fox,

+_vur_, far, _vall_, fall, _vlick_, flick, _vant_, font.

+

+In such words as _afterclaps_ and _afternoon_ it is not sounded at

+all.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_L_ is not sounded in such words as _amwoast_, almost, and

+_a'mighty_, almighty.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_N_ final is occasionally dropped, as _lime-kill_, lime-kiln.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_P_, _F_, _V_, and _B_ are frequently interchanged, _brevet_ and

+_privet_ being forms of the same word, while to _bag_ peas becomes

+_fag_ or _vag_ when applied to wheat.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_R_ is slurred over in many cases, as _e'ath_, earth, _foc'd_,

+forced, _ma'sh_, marsh, _vwo'th_, forth.

+

+It often assumes an excrescent _d_ or _t_, as _cavaltry_, horsemen,

+_crockerty_, crockery, _scholard_, scholar.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_H_ has the sound of _wh_ in _whoam_, home. This word, however, as

+Mr. Slow points out in the Preface to his Glossary--

+

+    _Bob._ Drat if I dwon't goo _wom_ to marrer.

+

+    _Zam._ Wat's evir waant ta go _wimm_ var.

+

+    _Bob._ Why, they tell's I as ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be

+    caal'd _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.--

+

+is variously pronounced as _wom_, _wimm_, and _whoam_, even in the

+same village.

+

+As stated at page 72, the cockney misuse of _h_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. It was virtually unknown sixty or seventy

+years ago, and even so late as thirty years back was still unusual

+in our villages. _Hunked_ for _unked_ is almost the only instance to

+be found in Akerman, for instance. But the plague is already fast

+spreading, and we fear that the Catullus of the next generation will

+have to liken the Hodge of his day to the Arrius (the Roman 'Arry) of

+old:--

+

+    C_h_ommoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet

+      Dicere, et _h_insidias Arrius insidias ...

+    Ionios fluctus, postquam illuc Arrius isset,

+      Iam non Ionios esse, sed _H_ionios.

+

+Touching this point the Rev. G. Hill writes us from Harnham Vicarage

+as follows:--'I should like to bear out what you say with regard to

+the use of the letter _h_ in South-West Wilts. When I lived in these

+parts twenty years ago, its omission was not I think frequent. The

+putting it where it ought not to be did not I think exist. I find

+now that the _h_ is invariably dropped, and occasionally added, the

+latter habit being that of the better educated.'

+

+_H_ becomes _y_ in _yeäd_, head.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_K_ is often converted into _t_, as _ast_, to ask, _mast_, a mask,

+_bleat_, bleak.

+

+_T_ is conversely often replaced by _k_, as _masking_,

+acorn-gathering, from 'mast,' while sleet becomes _sleek_, and pant,

+_pank_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_S_ usually takes the sound of _z_, as _zee_, to see, _zaa_, a saw,

+_zowl_, soul, _zaat_ or _zate_, soft, _zider_, cider, _zound_, to

+swoon.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Thr_ usually becomes _dr_, as _dree_, three, _droo_, through,

+_draish_, to thrash.

+

+In _afurst_, athirst, and _fust_, thirst, we still retain a very

+ancient characteristic of Southern English.

+

+_T_ is always dropped in such words as _kept_ and _slept_, which

+become _kep'_ and _slep'_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Liquids sometimes drop the next letter, as _kill_, kiln; but more

+usually take an excrescent _t_ or _d_, as _varmint_, vermin,

+_steart_, a steer, _gownd_, gown.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_W_ as an initial is generally dropped in N. Wilts in such cases as

+_'oont_, a want or mole, _'ooman_, woman, _'ood_, wood.

+

+Occasionally in S. Wilts it takes the aspirate, _'ood_ being then

+_hood_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Final _g_ is always dropped in the present participle, as _singin'_,

+_livin'_, living; also in nouns of more than one syllable which end

+in _ing_. It is, however, retained in monosyllabic nouns and verbs,

+such as _ring_ and _sing_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Pre_ becomes _pur_, as _purtend_, pretend, _purserve_, preserve.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Sometimes a monosyllabic word will be pronounced as a dissyllable,

+as we have already mentioned, _ne-um_, _ve-ut_, _ve-us_, and _ke-up_

+being used concurrently with _naayme_, _vit_ or _fit_, _veäce_, and

+_kip_ or _keep_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The prefix _a_ is always used with the present participle, as

+_a-gwain'_, going, _a-zettin' up_, sitting up.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The article _an_ is never used, a doing duty on all occasions, as

+'Gie I a apple, veyther.'

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Plurals will be found to be dealt with in the _Glossary_ itself,

+under _En_ and _Plurals_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Pronouns will also be found grouped together under _Pronouns_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_As_ is used for _who_, _which_, and _that_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Active verbs govern the nominative case.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Verbs do not agree with their nominative, either in number or person.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The periphrastic tenses are often used in S. Wilts, as 'I do mind

+un,' but in N. Wilts the rule is to employ the simple tenses instead,

+merely altering the person, as 'I minds un.' In S. Wilts you might

+also say 'It be a vine night,' whereas in N. Wilts ''Tes a vine

+night' would be more correct.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+In conclusion we would mention that we hope in the course of the next

+year or two to be able to deal with the grammatical and phonological

+sides of our Dialect in a somewhat more adequate manner than it has

+been possible to do on the present occasion.

+

+

+

+

+A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS USED.

+

+[For full titles of works see Appendix.]

+

+

+    (A.)   Words given for Wilts in  Akerman.

+    (B.)         "         "         Britton.

+    (C.)         "         "         Cunnington MS.

+    (D.)         "         "         Davis.

+    (G.)         "         "         Grose.

+    (H.)         "         "         Halliwell.

+    (K.)         "         "         Kennett.

+    (M.)         "         "         Monthly Magazine.

+    (S.)         "         "         Slow.

+    (Wr.)        "         "         Wright.

+

+    N. & S.W. North and South Wilts, the place-names following

+    being those of localities where the word is reported as being

+    in use.

+

+    * An asterisk denotes that the word against which it is placed

+    has not as yet been met with by ourselves in this county,

+    although given by some authority or other as used in Wilts.

+

+

+

+

+WILTS GLOSSARY

+

+

+=A=. He; she. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=A=, pl. =As= or =Ais=. _n._ A harrow or drag (D.); probably from

+A.S. _egethe_, M.E. _eythe_, a harrow (Skeat).--S.W., obsolete. This

+term for a harrow was still occasionally to be heard some thirty

+years ago, in both Somerset and Wilts, but is now disused. Davis

+derives it from the triangular shape of the drag, resembling the

+letter A.

+

+=A-Drag=. A large heavy kind of drag (_Agric. of Wilts_). Still used

+in South Wilts for harrowing turnips before the hoers go in.

+

+=Abear=. To bear, to endure (S.). 'I can't abear to see the poor

+theng killed.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Abide=. To bear, to endure. 'I can't abide un nohow.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=About=. (1) _adv._ Extremely. Used to emphasize a statement, as

+''T'wer just about cold s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (2) At one's ordinary

+work again, after an illness. 'My missus were bad aal last wick wi'

+rheumatiz, but she be about agen now.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Acksen=. See ~Axen~.

+

+=Adder's-tongue=. _Listera ovata_, Br., Twayblade.--S.W.

+

+=Adderwort=. _Polygonum Bistorta_, L., Bistort.--S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+=Afeard=, =Aveard=. Afraid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Agalds=. Hawthorn berries. (_English Plant Names._) _Aggles_ in

+Devon.

+

+=Agg=. (1) To hack or cut clumsily (A.B.H.S.Wr.); also ~Aggle~ and

+~Haggle~.--N. & S.W. (2) To irritate, to provoke.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ahmoo=. A cow; used by mothers to children, as 'Look at they pretty

+ahmoos a-comin'!'--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Ailes=, =Eyles=, =Iles=, &c. The awns of barley (D.); cf. A.S.

+_egle_, an ear of corn, M.E. _eile_. Hail in _Great Estate_, ch.

+i.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Aisles of wheat=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=All-a-hoh=. All awry (A.B.C.H.Wr.); also ~All-a-huh~. Unevenly

+balanced, lop-sided. A.S. _awóh_. 'That load o' carn be

+aal-a-hoh.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=, =Allemang=, =All-o-mong=. Mingled together, as when

+two flocks of sheep are accidentally driven together and mixed up

+(A.B.G.H.S.Wr.). Seldom heard now.--N. & S.W.

+

+=All one as=. Just like. 'I be 'tirely blowed up all one as a

+drum.'--N.W. Compare--

+

+    ''Twere all as one to fix our hopes on Heaven

+    As on this vision of the golden year.'--TENNYSON.

+

+=All one for that=. For all that, notwithstanding, in spite of, as

+'It medn't be true all one for that.'--N.W.

+

+=Aloud=. 'That there meat stinks aloud,' smells very bad.--N.W.

+

+*=A-masked=. Bewildered, lost (_MS. Lansd._, in a letter dated 1697:

+H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+    'Leaving him more masked than he was before.'

+

+                                FULLER's _Holy War_, iii. 2.

+

+=Ameäd=. Aftermath. See note to Yeomath.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Anan=, ='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.); used by a labourer who does

+not quite comprehend his master's orders. ='Nan= (A.B.) is still

+occasionally used in N. Wilts, but it is almost obsolete.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anbye=. _adv._ Some time hence, presently, at some future time. 'I

+be main busy now, but I'll do't anbye.'--N.W.

+

+=Anchor=. The chape of a buckle (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=And that=. And all that sort of thing, and so forth. 'Well, he _do_

+have a drop tide-times and that.'--S.W.

+

+=Aneoust=, =Aneust=, =Anoust=, =Neust=, or =Noust=. Nearly, about the

+same (A.B.G.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anighst=. Near (A.S.). 'Nobody's bin anighst us since you come.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Anneal=. A thoroughly heated oven, just fit for the batch of bread

+to be put in, is said to be nealded, i.e. annealed.--S.W.

+

+=Anoint=, ='Nint= (i long). To beat soundly. 'I'll 'nint ye when I

+gets home!' See ~Nineter~.--N.W.

+

+*=Anont=, =Anunt=. Against, opposite (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Any more than=. Except, although, only. 'He's sure to come any more

+than he might be a bit late.' Usually contracted into ~Moor'n~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Apple-bout=. An apple-dumpling. (Cf. ~Hop-about~.)--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Apple-owling=. Knocking down the small worthless fruit, or

+'griggles,' left on the trees after the apple crop has been gathered

+in. See ~Howlers~, ~Owlers~, and ~Owling~.--N.W.

+

+=Aps=. _Populus tremula_, L., Aspen; always so called by woodmen.

+This is the oldest form of the word, being from A.S. _æps_, and is in

+use throughout the south and west of England. In _Round About a Great

+Estate_, ch. i. it is misprinted _asp_.--N.W.

+

+=Arg=. To argue, with a very strong sense of contradiction implied

+(S.). 'Dwoan't 'ee arg at I like that! I tell 'ee I zeed 'un!' See

+~Down-arg~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Arms=. 'The arms of a waggon,' such parts of the axle-tree as go

+into the wheels (_Cycl. of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Arra=, =Arra one=, =Arn=. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=Array=, ='Ray=. To dress and clean corn with a sieve (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Arsmart=. _Polygonum Hydropiper_, L., and _P. Persicaria_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Ashore=, =Ashar=, =Ashard=. Ajar. 'Put the door ashard when you goes

+out.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ashweed=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Astore=. An expletive, as 'she's gone into the street _astore_'

+(H.). Perhaps connected with _astoor_, very soon, Berks, or _astore_,

+Hants:--

+

+    'The duck's [dusk] coming on; I'll be off in _astore_.'

+

+                             _A Dream of the Isle of Wight._

+

+It might then mean either 'this moment' or 'for a moment.'

+

+=At=. (1) 'At twice,' at two separate times. 'We'll ha' to vetch un

+at twice now.'--N.W. (2) 'Up at hill,' uphill. 'Th' rwoad be all up

+at hill.'--N.W.

+

+=Athin=. Within (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Athout=. Without; outside (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Attercop=. A spider. A.S. _atter-coppa_.--N.W. (Monkton Farleigh),

+still in use. Mr. Willis mentions that _Edderkop_ is still to be

+heard in Denmark.

+

+*=Attery=. Irascible (A.B.).

+

+=Away with=. Endure. This Biblical expression is still commonly used

+in Wilts. 'Her's that weak her can't away with the childern at no

+rate!'

+

+=Ax=. To ask (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Axen=. Ashes (A.B.); =Acksen= (_MS. Lansd._: G.H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+

+=Babies'-shoes=. _Ajuga reptans_, L., Common Bugle.--S.W.

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. (1) Wild Scabious (A.B.), _Scabiosa arvensis_,

+L., _S. Columbaria_, L., and perhaps _S. succisa_, L.--N.W. (2)

+_Corchorus Japonica_ (_Kerria Japonica_, L.).--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Back-friends=. Bits of skin fretted up at the base of the

+finger-nails.--N.W.

+

+*=Backheave=. To winnow a second time (D.).

+

+=Backside=. The back-yard of a house (A.B.).--N. & S.W., now obsolete.

+

+=Backsword=. A kind of single-stick play (A.H.Wr.). Obsolete, the

+game being only remembered by the very old men. For an account of it

+see _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi.--N.W.

+

+=Bacon=. To 'strick bacon,' to cut a mark on the ice in sliding; cf.

+to strike a 'candle.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bacon-and-Eggs=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Also

+called Eggs-and-Bacon.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bad, Bod=. To strip walnuts of their husks (A.B.H.Wr.); cf. E.

+_pod_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Badge=. _v._ To deal in corn, &c. See ~Badger~.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1576. Md. that I take order of the Badgers that they do name

+    the places where the Badgers do use to badge before they

+    resieve their lycens.... Md. to make pces [process] against all

+    the Badgers that doe badge without licence.'--Extracts from

+    Records of Wilts Quarter Sessions, _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xx. 327.

+

+*=Badger=. A corn-dealer (A.B.); used frequently in old accounts in

+N. Wilts, but now obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm for stayeinge Badgers & keepinge a note of there

+    names viijd.'--F. H. Goldney, _Records of Chippenham_, p. 202.

+

+Compare _bodger_, a travelling dealer (Harrison's _Description of

+England_, 1577), and _bogging_, peddling, in Murray. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Bag=. (1) _v._ To cut peas with a double-handed hook. Cf. ~Vag~.

+

+    'They cannot mow it with a sythe, but they cutt it with such a

+    hooke as they bagge pease with.'--Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+    p. 51, ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _n._ The udder of a cow (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bake, Beak=. (1) _v._ To chop up with a mattock the rough surface

+of land that is to be reclaimed, afterwards burning the parings

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii). See ~Burn-beak~. *(2) _n._ The curved

+cutting mattock used in 'beaking' (_Ibid._ ch. xii). (3) _n._ The

+ploughed land lying on the plat of the downs near Heytesbury, in

+Norton Bavant parish, is usually known as the ~Beäk~, or ~Bake~,

+probably from having been thus reclaimed. In the Deverills parts of

+many of the down farms are known as the ~Bake~, or, more usually, the

+~Burn-bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning,

+covered with 'flare.' See ~Faggot~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Ballarag, Bullyrag=. To abuse or scold at any one (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Balm of Gilead=. _Melittis Melissophyllum_, L., Wild Balm.

+

+=Bams=. Rough gaiters of pieces of cloth wound about the legs,

+much used by shepherds and others exposed to cold weather. Cf.

+~Vamplets~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The old man ... had bams on his legs and a sack fastened over

+    his shoulders like a shawl.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p.

+    141.

+

+=Bandy=. (1) A species of Hockey, played with _bandy sticks_ and a

+ball or piece of wood.--N. & S.W. (2) A crooked stick (S.).

+

+=Bane=. Sheep-rot (D.). ~Baned.~ Of sheep, afflicted with rot

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bang-tail=, or =Red Fiery Bang-tail=. _Phoenicurus ruticilla_, the

+Redstart.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+*=Bannet-hay=. A rick-yard (H.Wr.).

+

+=Bannis=. _Gasterosteus trachurus_, the Common Stickleback

+(A.B.H.Wr.). Also ~Bannistickle~ (A.B.), ~Bantickle~ (A.Wr.),

+and *~Bramstickle~ (S.). 'Asperagus (_quoedam piscis_) a

+ban-stykyll.'--_Ortus Vocab._ A.S. _bán_, bone, and _sticels_,

+prickle. (See N.E.D.).--S.W.

+

+*=Bannut=. Fruit of _Juglans regia_, L., the Walnut (A.B.).

+

+=Bantickle=. See ~Bannis~.

+

+*=Barber's Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel (Flower's

+_Flora of Wilts_). Also Brushes.--N.W.

+

+=Bargain=. A small landed property or holding. 'They have always been

+connected with that little bargain of land.'--N.W., still in use.

+Sir W. H. Cope, in his _Hants Glossary_, gives '_Bargan_, a small

+property; a house and garden; a small piece of land,' as used in N.

+Hants.

+

+=Barge=. (1) _n._ The gable of a house. Compare architectural

+_Barge-boards_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _v._ Before a hedge can

+be 'laid,' all its side, as well as the rough thorns, brambles, &c.,

+growing in the ditch, must be cut off. This is called 'barging out'

+the ditch.--N.W.

+

+=Barge-hook=. The iron hook used by thatchers to fasten the straw to

+the woodwork of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Barge-knife=. The knife used by thatchers in trimming off the straw

+round the eaves of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bargin=. The overgrowth of a hedge, trimmed off before 'laying.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Barken=. The enclosed yard near a farm-house (A.B.); ~Rick-Barken~,

+a rick-yard (A.), also used without prefix in this sense (_Wilts

+Tales_, p. 121).

+

+    'Barken, or Bercen, now commonly used for a yard or backside in

+    Wilts ... first signified the small croft or close where the

+    sheep were brought up at night, and secured from danger of the

+    open fields.'--Kennett's _Parochial Antiquities_.

+

+~Barton~ was formerly in very common use, but has now been displaced

+by _Yard_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barley-bigg=. A variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, p. 304).

+

+*=Barley-Sower=. _Larus canus_, the Common Gull (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+534).

+

+=Barm=. The usual Wilts term for yeast (A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barn-barley=. Barley which has never been in rick, but has been

+kept under cover from the first, and is therefore perfectly dry and

+of high value for malting purposes (_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152).

+

+=Basket=. In some parts of S. Wilts potatoes are sold by the

+'basket,' or three-peck measure, instead of by the 'sack' or the

+'bag.'

+

+=Baskets=. _Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort Plantain.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.)

+

+=Bat-folding net=. The net used in 'bird-batting,' q.v. (A.): more

+usually 'clap-net.'

+

+=Bat-mouse=. The usual N. Wilts term for a bat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Batt=. A thin kind of oven-cake, about as thick as a tea-cake, but

+mostly crust.--N.W.

+

+*=Battledore-barley=. A flat-eared variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts

+MS._, p. 304: H.Wr.).

+

+=Baulk=. (1) ~Corn-baulk.~ When a 'land' has been accidentally passed

+over in sowing, the bare space is a 'baulk,' and is considered as

+a presage of some misfortune.--N.W. (2) A line of turf dividing a

+field.--N.W.

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+=Bavin=. An untrimmed brushwood faggot (A.B.S.): the long ragged

+faggot with two withes, used for fencing in the sides of sheds and

+yards; sometimes also applied to the ordinary faggot with one withe

+or band.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bawsy=, =Borsy=, or =Bozzy=. Coarse, as applied to the fibre of

+cloth or wool. 'Bozzy-faced cloth bain't good enough vor I.'--S.W.

+(Trowbridge, &c.)

+

+=Bay=. (1) _n._ A dam across a stream or ditch.--N.W. (2) _v._ 'To

+bay back water,' to dam it back.--N.W. (3) _n._ The space between

+beam and beam in a barn or cows' stalls.--N.W.

+

+*=Beads=. _Sagina procumbens_, L., Pearlwort.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Beak=. See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Bearsfoot=. Hellebore.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Beat=. 'To beat clots,' to break up the hard dry lumps of old

+cow-dung lying about in a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Becall=. To abuse, to call names. 'Her do becall I shameful.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Bedwind=, =Bedwine=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-flower=. _Ophrys apifera_, Huds., Bee Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-pot=. A bee-hive.--S.W.

+

+    'Lore ta zee zom on'ms hair,

+    Like girt bee pots a hanging there.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 43.

+

+=Been=, =Bin=. Because, since; a corruption of _being_ (B.S.). 'Bin

+as he don't go, I won't.'--N.W.

+

+=Bees=. A hive is a ~Bee-pot~. ~Bee-flowers~ are those purposely

+grown near an apiary, as sources of honey. Of swarms, only the first

+is a ~Swarm~, the second being a ~Smart~, and the third a ~Chit~. To

+follow a swarm, beating a tin pan, is ~Ringing~ or ~Tanging~.--N.W.

+

+*=Beet=. To make up a fire (A.B.C.G.). A.S. _bétan_, to better; to

+mend a fire (Skeat).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Beetle=. (1) The heavy double-handed wooden mallet used in

+driving in posts, wedges, &c. ~Bittle~ (A.H.). ~Bwytle~ (S.). Also

+~Bwoitle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'On another [occasion] (2nd July, 25 Hen. VIII) ... William

+    Seyman was surety ... for the re-delivery of the tools,

+    "cuncta instrumenta videlicet Beetyll, Ax, Matock, and

+    Showlys."'--_Stray Notes from the Marlborough Court Books_,

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xix. 78.

+

+(2) The small mallet with which thatchers drive home their

+'spars.'--S.W.

+

+*=Beggar-weed=. _Cuscuta Trifolii_, Bab., Dodder; from its

+destructiveness to clover, &c. (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Bellock=. (1) To cry like a beaten or frightened child

+(A.B.).--N.W., rarely. (2) To complain, to grumble (_Dark_, ch.

+x.).--N.W.

+

+*=Belly vengeance=. Very small and bad beer.--N.W.

+

+    'Beer of the _very smallest_ description, real "belly

+    vengeance."'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 40.

+

+Cf.:--

+

+    'I thought you wouldn't appreciate the widow's tap.... Regular

+    whistle-belly vengeance, and no mistake!'--_Tom Brown at

+    Oxford_, xl.

+

+=Belt=. To trim away the dirty wool from a sheep's

+hind-quarters.--N.W.

+

+*=Bennet=. _v._ Of wood-pigeons, to feed on bennets (A.).

+

+    'They have an old rhyme in Wiltshire--

+

+        "Pigeons never know no woe

+        Till they a-benetting do go;"

+

+    meaning that pigeons at this time are compelled to feed on the

+    seed of the bent, the stubbles being cleared, and the crops not

+    ripe.'--_Akerman._

+

+=Bennets=, =Bents=. (1) Long coarse grass or rushes (B.).--N.W. (2)

+Seed-stalks of various grasses (A.); used of both withered stalks of

+coarse grasses and growing heads of cat's-tail, &c.--N. & S.W. (3)

+Seed-heads of Plantain, _Plantago major_, L., and _P. lanceolata_,

+L.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bents=. See ~Bennets~.

+

+=Bercen= (_c_ hard). See ~Barken~. 'This form of the word is given in

+_MS. Gough_, _Wilts_, 5, as current in Wilts' (H.K.Wr.).

+

+=Berry=. The grain of wheat (D.); as 'There's a very good berry

+to-year,' or 'The wheat's well-berried,' or the reverse. See _Old

+Country Words_, ii. and v.--N.W.

+

+=Berry-moucher=. (1) A truant. See ~Blackberry-moucher~ and ~Moucher~

+(A.).--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Moochers~.--N.W. (Huish.) Originally applied to children who went

+mouching from school in blackberry season, and widely used in this

+sense, but at Huish--and occasionally elsewhere--virtually confined

+to the berries themselves: often corrupted into ~Penny-moucher~

+or ~Perry-moucher~ by children. In _English Plant Names_ Mochars,

+_Glouc._, and Mushes, _Dev._, are quoted as being similarly applied

+to the fruit, which is also known as Mooches in the Forest of Dean.

+See Hal., sub. _Mich._

+

+=Besepts=. Except.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've a-got

+    narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts this!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 138.

+

+=Besom=, =Beesom=, =Bissom=, &c. A birch broom (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Betwit=. To upbraid (A.B.).

+

+=Bide=. (1) To stay, remain (A.S.). 'Bide still, will 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) To dwell (A.). 'Where do 'ee bide now, Bill?'

+'Most-in-general at 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bill Button=. _Geum rivale_, L., Water Avens.--S.W.

+

+=Bin=. See ~Been~.

+

+=Bird-batting=. Netting birds at night with a 'bat-folding' or

+clap-net (A.B., Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 15, ed. Brit.).

+Bird-battenen (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. (1) _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.

+& S.W. (2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W. (3)

+_Veronica officinalis_, L., Common Speedwell.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Bird's-nest=. The seed-head of Daucus Carota, L., Wild Carrot.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'The flower of the wild carrot gathers together as the seeds

+    mature, and forms a framework cup at the top of the stalk, like

+    a bird's-nest. These "bird's-nests," brown and weather-beaten,

+    endured far into the winter.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vii. p. 137.

+

+    'The whole tuft is drawn together when the seed is ripe,

+    resembling a bird's nest.'--_Gerarde._

+

+=Bird-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird-squoilin=. See ~Squail~ (S.).

+

+=Bird-starving=. Bird-keeping.--N.W.

+

+    'This we call bird-keeping, but the lads themselves, with

+    an appreciation of the other side of the case, call it

+    "bird-starving."'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Birds'-wedding-day=. St. Valentine's Day.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Bishop-wort=. _Mentha aquatica_, L., Hairy Mint.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Bissom=. See ~Besom~.

+

+=Bittish=. _adj._ Somewhat. ''Twer a bittish cowld isterday.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bittle=. See ~Beetle~.

+

+=Biver=. To tremble, quiver, shiver as with a cold or fright (S.).

+Cp. A.S. _bifian_, to tremble.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Bivery=. _adj._ Shivery, tremulous. When a baby is just on the verge

+of crying, its lip quivers and is 'bivery.'--N.W.

+

+=Blackberry-moucher=. (1) A truant from school in the blackberry

+season (H.). See ~Berry-moucher, Mouch~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+    'A blackberry moucher, an egregious truant.'--_Dean Milles'

+    MS._, p. 180.

+

+(2) Hence, the fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Berry-moucher, Moochers~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+*=Blackberry-token=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Black-Bess=. See ~Black-Bob~.

+

+=Black-Bob=. A cockroach (S.). ~Black-Bess~ on Berks border.--S.W.

+

+=Black-boys=. (1) Flower-heads of Plantain.--N.W. (Huish.) (2) _Typha

+latifolia_, L., Great Reedmace.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+*=Black Couch=. A form of _Agrostis_ that has small wiry blackish

+roots (D). _Agrostis stolonifera._

+

+=Black Sally=. _Salix Caprea_, L., Great Round-leaved Sallow, from

+its dark bark (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv). Clothes-pegs are made from

+its wood.--N.W.

+

+*=Black Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, Great Spotted Woodpecker (_Birds

+of Wilts_, p. 253). Also known as the Gray Woodpecker.

+

+=Blades=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Blare, Blur=. To shout or roar out loudly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blatch=. (1) _adj._ Black, sooty (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _n._ Smut, soot.

+'Thuc pot be ael over blatch.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To blacken. 'Now dwon't

+'ee gwo an' blatch your veäce wi' thuc thur dirty zoot.'--N.W.

+

+=Bleachy=. Brackish.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Bleat=. Bleak, open, unsheltered. 'He's out in the bleat,'

+i.e. out in the open in bad weather. See K for examples of

+letter-change.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bleeding Heart=. _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L., the red Wallflower

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-hole=. _n._ A rabbit hole which ends in undisturbed soil,

+as opposed to a Pop-hole, q.v. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi. p.

+120).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. A lock-up.

+

+    '1629. Item paied for makeing cleane the blind-house

+    vijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 204.

+

+=Blind-man=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, L., &c., the Red Poppy, which is

+locally supposed to cause blindness, if looked at too long.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Blink=. A spark, ray, or intermittent glimmer of light (A.B.). See

+~Flunk~.

+

+*=Blinking=. This adjective is used, in a very contemptuous sense, by

+several Wilts agricultural writers.

+

+    'A short blinking heath is found on many parts [of the

+    downs].'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    ~Compare:--~

+

+    ''Twas a little one-eyed blinking sort o' place.'--_Tess of the

+    D'Urbervilles_, vol. i. p. 10.

+

+*=Blissey=. A blaze (A.H.Wr.). A.S. _blysige_, a torch.

+

+=Blobbs, Water Blobs=. Blossoms of _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water

+Lily (A.B.); probably from the swollen look of the buds. Cf. ~Blub

+up~.

+

+=Blood-alley=. A superior kind of alley or taw, veined with deep red,

+and much prized by boys (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bloody Warr= The dark-blossomed Wallflower, _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L.

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blooens=. See ~Bluens~.

+

+=Bloom=. Of the sun; to shine scorchingly (B.); to throw out heat as

+a fire. 'How the sun do bloom out atween the clouds!'--N.W.

+

+=Blooming=. Very sultry, as ''Tis a main blooming day.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Bloomy=. Sultry. ~Bloomy-hot.~ Excessively sultry (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Blooth, Blowth=. Bloom or blossom.--S.W.

+

+=Blossom=. A snow-flake. 'What girt blossoms 'twer to the snow

+isterday!'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Snow-flakes are called "blossoms." The word snow-flake is

+    unknown.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Blow=. Sheep and cattle 'blow' themselves, or get 'blowed,' from

+over-eating when turned out into very heavy grass or clover, the

+fermentation of which often kills them on the spot, their bodies

+becoming terribly inflated with wind. See the description of the

+'blasted' flock, in _Far from the Madding Crowd_, ch. xxi.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blowing=. A blossom (A.B.H.Wr.). See ~Bluen~.--N.W.

+

+=Blowth=. See ~Blooth~.

+

+=Blub up=. To puff or swell up. A man out of health and puffy about

+the face is said to look 'ter'ble blubbed up.' Cf. Blobbs.--N.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'My face was blown and blub'd with dropsy wan.'--_Mirror for

+    Magistrates._

+

+=Blue Bottle=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Buttons=. (1) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(2) _S. Columbaria_, L., Small Scabious.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Cat=. One who is suspected of being an incendiary. 'He has the

+name of a blue cat.' See ~Lewis's Cat~.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Blue Eyes=. _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.W.

+

+=Blue Goggles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf. ~Greygles~

+or ~Greggles~.--S.W.

+

+=Bluen= or =Blooens=. _pl._ Blossoms (S.). Also used in Devon.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Blue-vinnied=. Covered with blue mould. See Vinney. Commoner in

+Dorset as applied to cheese, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blunt=. 'A cold blunt,' a spell of cold weather. See Snow-blunt.

+Compare _Blunk_, a fit of stormy weather, which is used in the East

+of England.--N.W.

+

+=Blur=. See ~Blare~. In Raleigh's account of the fight in Cadiz Bay,

+he says that as he passed through the cross-fire of the galleys

+and forts, he replied 'with a blur of the trumpet to each piece,

+disdaining to shoot.'

+

+=Board=. To scold, to upbraid. 'Her boarded I just about.'--S.W.

+(occasionally.)

+

+=Boar Stag=. A boar which, after having been employed for breeding

+purposes for a time, is castrated and set aside for fattening (D.).

+Cf. ~Bull Stag~.--N.W.

+

+=Boat=. Children cut apples and oranges into segments, which they

+sometimes call 'pigs' or 'boats.'

+

+=Bob=. In a timber carriage, the hind pair of wheels with the long

+pole or lever attached thereto.--N.W. In Canada 'bob-sleds' are used

+for drawing logs out of the woods.

+

+*=Bobbant=. Of a girl, romping, forward (A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bobbish=. In good health (A.B.S.). 'Well, an' how be 'ee to-day?'

+'Purty bobbish, thank 'ee.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bob-grass=. _Bromus mollis_, L.--S.W.

+

+*=Bochant=. The same as ~Bobbant~ (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Bod=. See ~Bad~.

+

+=Boistins=. The first milk given by a cow after calving (A.). See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Beestings~).--N.W.

+

+=Bolt=. In basket-making, a bundle of osiers 40 inches round.

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv. p. 69).

+

+=Boltin=, =Boulting=. A sheaf of five or ten 'elms,' prepared

+beforehand for thatching. 'Elms' are usually made up on the spot, but

+are occasionally thus prepared at threshing-time, and tied up and

+laid aside till required, when they need only be damped, and are then

+ready for use. Cf. ~Bolt.~--N.W.

+

+=Bombarrel Tit=. _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii. p. 26). Jefferies considers this a corruption of

+'Nonpareil.'--N.W.

+

+=Book of Clothes=. See ~Buck~ (_Monthly Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Boon Days=. Certain days during winter on which farmers on the

+Savernake estate were formerly bound to haul timber for their

+landlord.

+

+*=Boreshore=. A hurdle-stake (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'This is a kind of hurdle stake which can be used in soft

+    ground without an iron pitching bar being required to bore

+    the hole first for it. Hence it is called bore-shore by

+    shepherds.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Borky=. (Baulky?) Slightly intoxicated.--S.W.

+

+*=Borsy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Bossell=. _Chrysanthemum segetum_, L., Corn Marigold (D.). ~Bozzell~

+(_Flowering Plants of Wilts_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bossy=, =Bossy-calf=. A young calf, whether male or female.--N.W.

+

+=Bottle=. The wooden keg, holding a gallon or two, used for beer in

+harvest-time (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bottle-tit=. _Parus caudatus_, L., the Long-tailed Titmouse.--N.W.

+

+=Bottom=. A valley or hollow in the downs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Boulting=. See ~Boltin~.

+

+=Bounceful=. Masterful, domineering. See ~Pounceful~.--N.W.

+

+=Bourne=. (1) _n._ A valley between the chalk hills; a river in such

+a valley; also river and valley jointly (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In South Wilts they say, such or such a bourn: meaning a

+    valley by such a river.'--Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 28.

+    Ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _v._ In gardening, when marking out a row of anything with pegs,

+you 'bourne' them, or glance along them to see that they are in

+line.--N.W.

+

+=Box= or =Hand-box=. The lower handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw, the

+upper handle being the ~Tiller~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Boy's-love=. _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Boys=. The long-pistilled or 'pin-eyed' flowers of the Primrose,

+_Primula vulgaris_, Huds. See ~Girls~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bozzell=. See ~Bossell~.

+

+*=Bozzy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Brack=. _n._ A fracture, break, crack (S.). 'There's narra brack nor

+crack in 'un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Brain-stone=. A kind of large round stone (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 9, ed. Brit., H.Wr.). Perhaps a lump of water-worn fossil

+coral, such as occasionally now bears this name among N. Wilts

+cottagers.

+

+*=Bramstickle=. See ~Bannis~ (S.).

+

+=Brandy-bottles=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water-lily.--S.W.

+(Mere, &c.)

+

+=Brave=. _adj._ Hearty, in good health (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (1) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow

+Toadflax.--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common

+Mallow (S.).--S.W. (3) Young leaves and shoots of _Crataegus

+Oxyacantha_, L., Hawthorn, eaten by children in spring (_English

+Plant Names_).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Bread-board=. The earth-board of a plough (D.). ~Broad-board~ in N.

+Wilts.

+

+=Break=. To tear. 'She'll break her gownd agen thuc tharn.' You still

+_break_ a bit of muslin, but to _tear_ a trace or a plate now grows

+obsolete.--N.W. Similarly used in Hants, as

+

+    'I have _a-torn_ my best decanter ... have _a-broke_ my fine

+    cambrick aporn.'--COPE'S _Hants Glossary_.

+

+=Brevet=, =Brivet=. (1) To meddle, interfere, pry into.--N.W.

+

+    'Who be you to interfere wi' a man an' he's vam'ly? Get awver

+    groundsell, or I'll stop thy brevettin' for a while.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xix.

+

+(2) _To brevet about_, to beat about, as a dog for game (A.).--N.W.

+Also ~Privet~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    '_Brivet_, a word often applied to children when they wander

+    about aimlessly and turn over things.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+    1893.

+

+*(3) To pilfer. 'If she'll brevet one thing, she'll brevet

+another.'--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+=Bribe=. To taunt, to bring things up against any one, to scold.

+'What d'ye want to kip a-bribing I o' that vur?'--N.W.

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) To rub grain out in the hand.--N.W. (2) To

+drop out of the husk, as over-ripe grain (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Brivet=. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Brize=. To press heavily on, or against, to crush down (S.). A

+loaded waggon 'brizes down' the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Broad-board=. See ~Bread-board~.

+

+=Broke-bellied=. Ruptured.--N.W.

+

+=Brook-Sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler; from one

+of its commonest notes resembling that of a sparrow (_Great Estate_,

+ch. vii; _Wild Life_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+    'At intervals [in his song] he intersperses a chirp, exactly

+    the same as that of the sparrow, a chirp with a tang in it.

+    Strike a piece of metal, and besides the noise of the blow,

+    there is a second note, or tang. The sparrow's chirp has such

+    a note sometimes, and the sedge-bird brings it in--tang,

+    tang, tang. This sound has given him his country name of

+    brook-sparrow.'--JEFFERIES, _A London Trout_.

+

+=Brow=. (1) _adj._ Brittle (A.B.C.H.Wr.); easily broken. Vrow at

+Clyffe Pypard. Also ~Frow~.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A fragment (_Wilts Arch.

+Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Brown=. 'A brown day,' a gloomy day (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bruckle=. (Generally with _off_ or _away_.) _v._ To crumble away, as

+some kinds of stone when exposed to the weather (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 109); to break off easily, as the dead leaves on a dry

+branch of fir. Compare _brickle_=brittle (_Wisdom_, xv. 13), A.S.

+_brucol_=apt to break.--N.W.

+

+=Bruckley=. _adj._ Brittle, crumbly, friable, not coherent (S.).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Brush=. 'The brush of a tree,' its branches or head.--N.W.

+

+=Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. See

+~Clothes-brush~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bubby-head=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buck=. A 'buck,' or 'book,' of clothes, a large wash--N.W.

+

+=Bucking=. A quantity of clothes to be washed (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Buddle=. To suffocate in mud. 'There! if he haven't a bin an'

+amwoast buddled hisel' in thuck there ditch!' Also used in Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Budgy=. Out of temper, sulky. A softened form of _buggy_,

+self-important, churlish, from the Old English and provincial

+_budge_, grave, solemn, &c. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 42

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. Cp. Milton,

+

+    'Those budge doctors of the stoic fur.'--_Comus._

+

+=Bullpoll=, =Bullpull=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., the rough tufts of

+tussocky grass which grow in damp places in the fields, and have to

+be cut up with a heavy hoe (_Great Estate_, ch. ii; _Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Bull Stag=. A bull which, having been superannuated as regards

+breeding purposes, is castrated and put to work, being stronger than

+an ordinary bullock. Cf. ~Boar Stag~.--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Bulrushes=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; from some

+nursery legend that Moses was hidden among its large leaves.--S.W.,

+rarely.

+

+=Bumble-berry=. Fruit of _Rosa canina_, L., Dog-rose.--N.W.

+

+=Bunce=. (1) _n._ A blow. 'Gie un a good bunce in the ribs.'--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To punch or strike.--N.W.

+

+=Bunch=. Of beans, to plant in bunches instead of rows (D.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bunny=. A brick arch, or wooden bridge, covered with earth, across a

+'drawn' or 'carriage' in a water-meadow, just wide enough to allow a

+hay-waggon to pass over.--N.W.

+

+=Bunt=. (1) _v._ To push with the head as a calf does its dam's udder

+(A.); to butt; to push or shove up.--(_Bevis_, ch. x.) N.W. (2) _n._

+A push or shove.--N.W. (3) _n._ A short thick needle, as a 'tailor's

+bunt.' (4) _n._ Hence sometimes applied to a short thickset person,

+as a nickname.--S.W.

+

+=Bunty=. _adj._ Short and stout.--N.W.

+

+=Bur=. The sweetbread of a calf or lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Bur'=, =Burrow=, or =Burry=. (1) A rabbit-burrow (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) Any place of shelter, as the leeward side of a hedge (A.C.). 'Why

+doesn't thee coom and zet doon here in the burrow?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Burl=. (1) 'To burl potatoes,' to rub off the grown-out shoots

+in spring.--N.W. (2) The original meaning was to finish off cloth

+or felt by removing knots, rough places, loose threads, and other

+irregularities of surface, and it is still so used in S. Wilts (S.).

+

+=Burn=. 'To burn a pig,' to singe the hair off the dead carcase.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Burn-bake= (or =-beak=). (1) To reclaim new land by paring and

+burning the surface before cultivation (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii). See ~Bake~. (2) To improve old arable land by treating it in

+a similar way (_Ibid._ ch. xii). ~Burn-beke~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 103. Ed. Brit., where the practice is said to have been

+introduced into S. Wilts by Mr. Bishop of Merton, about 1639). (3)

+_n._ Land so reclaimed. See ~Bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Burrow=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+=Burry=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+='Buseful=. Foul-mouthed, abusive.--N.W.

+

+=Bush=. (1) _n._ A heavy hurdle or gate, with its bars interlaced

+with brushwood and thorns, which is drawn over pastures in spring,

+and acts like a light harrow (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bush-harrow a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Butchers' Guinea-pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Guinea-pigs~.--S.W.

+

+=Butter-and-Eggs=. (1) _Narcissus incomparabilis_, Curt., Primrose

+Peerless.--N. & S.W. (2) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax

+(_Great Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttercup=. At Huish applied only to _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L.,

+Lesser Celandine, all other varieties of Crowfoot being 'Crazies'

+there.

+

+=Butter-teeth=. The two upper incisors.--N.W.

+

+=Buttons=. Very young mushrooms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttry=. A cottage pantry (A.B.).--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Butt-shut=. (1) To join iron without welding, by pressing the heated

+ends squarely together, making an imperceptible join (_Village

+Miners_). See ~Shut~. (2) Hence a glaringly inconsistent story or

+excuse is said 'not to butt-shut' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Butty=. A mate or companion in field-work (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=By-the-Wind=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+

+*=Caa-vy= (? Calfy). A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cack=. See ~Keck~.

+

+*=Cack-handed=, *=Cag-handed=. Extremely awkward and unhandy: clumsy

+to the last degree (_Village Miners_). Other dialect words for

+'awkward' are Dev., _cat-handed_, Yorks., _gawk-handed_, and Nhamp.,

+_keck-handed_. Cf. ~Cam-handed~.

+

+=Caddle=. (1) _n._ Dispute, noise, row, contention (A.); seldom or

+never so used now.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'What a caddle th' bist a makin', Jonas!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 82.

+

+    'If Willum come whoam and zees two [candles] a burnin', he'll

+    make a vi-vi-vine caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 42.

+

+(2) _n._ Confusion, disorder, trouble (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a caddle,

+    alang o' they childern.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(3) _v._ To tease, to annoy, to bother (A.B.C.). See ~Caddling~. 'Now

+dwoan't 'e caddle I zo, or I'll tell thee vather o' thee!' 'I be main

+caddled up wi' ael they dishes to weish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    ''Tain't no use caddlin I--I can't tell 'ee no more.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. viii.

+

+(4) _v._ To hurry. 'To caddle a horse,' to drive him over-fast.--N.W.

+(5) _v._ To loaf about, only doing odd jobs. 'He be allus a caddlin'

+about, and won't never do nothin' reg'lar.'--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To

+mess about, to throw into disorder. 'I don't hold wi' they binders

+[the binding machines], they do caddle the wheat about so.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Caddlesome=. Of weather, stormy, uncertain. ''T 'ull be a main

+caddlesome time for the barley.'--S.W.

+

+=Caddling=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, stormy, uncertain.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_adj._ Quarrelsome, wrangling (C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear, Zo up a snapped the

+    caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+    'A cadling fellow, a wrangler, a shifting, and sometimes an

+    unmeaning character.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) _adj._ Meddlesome (S.), teasing (_Monthly Mag._, 1814);

+troublesome, worrying, impertinent (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Little Nancy was as naisy and as caddlin' as a wren, that a

+    was'.--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+*(4) Chattering (_Monthly Mag._, 1814): probably a mistake.

+

+=Caffing rudder=. See ~Caving rudder~.

+

+*=Cag-handed=. See ~Cack-handed~.

+

+=Cag-mag=. Bad or very inferior meat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cains-and-Abels=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Columbine.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+*=Calf-white=. See ~White~.

+

+=Call=. Cause, occasion. 'You've no call to be so 'buseful'

+[abusive].--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call home=. To publish the banns of marriage (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd

+    _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--SLOW.

+

+*=Callow-wablin=. An unfledged bird (A.).--S.W.

+

+=Callus-stone=. A sort of gritty earth, spread on a board for

+knife-sharpening (Wilts Arch. Mag. vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+(Cherhill, &c.)

+

+=Calves'-trins=. Calves' stomachs, used in cheese-making. A.S.

+_trendel_. See ~Trins~. Halliwell and Wright give _'Calf-trundle_,

+the small entrails of a calf.'--N.W.

+

+*=Cam=. Perverse, cross. Welsh _cam_, crooked, wry.--N.W.

+

+    'A 's as cam and as obstinate as a mule.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    138.

+

+    'They there wosbirds [of bees] zimd rayther cam and

+    mischievul.'--_Springtide_, p. 47.

+

+=Cam-handed=. Awkward.--N.W.

+

+*=Cammock=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow (D.).

+

+=Cammocky=. Tainted, ill-flavoured, as cheese or milk when the cows

+have been feeding on cammock. See ~Gammotty~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Canary-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Candle=. 'To strike a candle,' to slide, as school-boys do, on the

+heel, so as to leave a white mark along the ice.--S.W.

+

+=Cank=. To overcome (H.Wr.): perhaps a perversion of _conquer_. The

+winner 'canks' his competitors in a race, and you 'cank' a child when

+you give it more than it can eat.--N.W.

+

+=Canker=. Fungus, toadstool (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Canker-berries=. Wild Rose hips. ~Conker-berries~ (S.).--S.W.

+(Salisbury, &c.).

+

+=Canker-rose=. The mossy gall on the Dog-rose, formed by _Cynips

+rosae_; often carried in the pocket as a charm against rheumatism

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Cappence=. The swivel-joint of the old-fashioned flail, _Capel_ in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carpet=. To blow up, to scold; perhaps from the scene of the

+fault-finding being the parlour, not the bare-floored kitchen.

+'Measter carpeted I sheamvul s'marning.' 'I had my man John on the

+carpet just now and gave it him finely.'--N.W.

+

+=Carriage=. A water-course, a meadow-drain (A. B. G. H. Wr.). In S.

+Wilts the _carriages_ bring the water into and through the meadow,

+while the _drawn_ takes it back to the river after its work is

+done.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carrier=, =Water-carrier=. A large water-course (_Wild Life_, ch.

+xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carry along=. To prove the death of, to bring to the grave. 'I be

+afeard whe'er that 'ere spittin' o' blood won't car'n along.'--N.W.

+

+=Cart=. 'At cart,' carrying or hauling, as 'We be at wheat cart

+[coal-cart, dung-cart, &c.] to-day.--N.W.

+

+=Casalty=. See ~Casulty~.

+

+=Cass'n=. Canst not (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cassocks=. Couch-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Casulty=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, unsettled, broken (_Green Ferne

+Farm_, ch. i). ~Casalty~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.

+& S.W. (2) Of crops, uncertain, not to be depended on. Plums, for

+instance, are a 'casalty crop,' some years bearing nothing.--N.W.

+

+*=Cat-gut=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf; so called by children when

+drawn out so as to look like fiddle-strings (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Cat-Kidney=. A game somewhat resembling cricket, played with a

+wooden 'cat' instead of a ball.--N.W. (Brinkworth.)

+

+=Cat's-ice=. White ice, ice from which the water has receded.--N. &

+S.W. (Steeple Ashton, &c.).

+

+    'They stood at the edge, cracking the cat's-ice, where the

+    water had shrunk back from the wheel marks, and left the frozen

+    water white and brittle.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 153.

+

+=Cats'-love=. Garden Valerian, on which cats like to roll.--S.W.

+

+*=Cats'-paws=. Catkins of willow while still young and downy.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Cats'-tails=. (1) _Equisetum_, Horse-tail (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ii).--N.W. (2) The catkin of the willow.--N.W. (Lyneham.) (3) The

+catkin of the hazel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Catch=. (1) Of water, to film over, to begin to freeze. ~Keach~,

+~Keatch~, ~Kitch~, or ~Ketch~ (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A bright clear moon is credited with causing the water to

+    "catch"--that is, the slender, thread-like spicules form on

+    the surface, and, joining together, finally cover it.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. xx.

+

+Also see _Bevis_, ch. xl. (2) To grow thick, as melted fat when

+setting again.--N. & S.W. *(3) 'To catch and rouse,' to collect

+water, &c.

+

+    'In the catch-meadows ... it is necessary to make the

+    most of the water by catching and rousing it as often as

+    possible.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xi.

+

+*(4) _n._ The same as Catch-meadow (_Ibid._ ch. xii).

+

+*=Catch-land=. The arable portion of a common field, divided into

+equal parts, whoever ploughed first having the right to first choice

+of his share (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Catch-meadow=, =Catch-work meadow=, or =Catch=. A meadow on the

+slope of a hill, irrigated by a stream or spring, which has been

+turned so as to fall from one level to another through the carriages

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).

+

+=Catching=, =Catchy=. Of weather, unsettled, showery (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. iii. p. 11).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Caterpillar=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+=Cattikeyns=. Fruit of the ash.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Cave=. (1) _n._ The chaff of wheat and oats (D.): in threshing,

+the broken bits of straw, &c. ~Cavin~, ~Cavings~, or ~Keavin~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To separate the short broken straw from

+the grain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cavin, Cavings=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+*=Caving-rake=. The rake used for separating cavings and grain on the

+threshing-floor.

+

+=Caving= (or =Caffing=) =rudder=, or =rudderer=. *(1) The winnowing

+fan and tackle (D.).--S.W. (2) A coarse sieve used by carters to get

+the straw out of the horses' chaff.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cawk=, =Cawket=. To squawk out, to make a noise like a hen

+when disturbed on her nest, &c. 'Ther's our John, s'naw [dost

+know?]--allus a messin' a'ter the wenchin, s'naw--cawin' an'

+cawkettin' like a young rook, s'naw,--'vore a can vly, s'naw,--boun'

+to coom down vlop _he_ war!' ~Caa-kinn~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard; Seagry, &c.)

+

+*=Centry=. _Anagallis tenella_, L., Bog Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Cham=. To chew (A.B.C.S.). 'Now cham thee vittles up well.' An older

+form of _Champ_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Champ=. To scold in a savage snarling fashion. 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo

+an' champ zo at I!' Used formerly at Clyffe Pypard.--N.W.

+

+=Chan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. (1) _v._ Of ground, to crack apart with heat.--N & S.W. (2)

+_n._ A crack in the soil, caused by heat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Charm=. (1) _n._ 'All in a charm,' all talking loud together.

+A.S. _cyrm_, clamour (A.H.S.), especially used of the singing of

+birds. See Kingsley's _Prose Idylls_, i. Also used of hounds in full

+cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thousands of starlings, the noise of whose calling to each

+    other is indescribable--the country folk call it a "charm,"

+    meaning a noise made up of innumerable lesser sounds, each

+    interfering with the other.'--_Wild Life_, ch. xii.

+

+Cp, Milton,

+

+    'Charm of earliest birds.'--_P. L._, ii. 642.

+

+(2) _v._ To make a loud confused noise, as a number of birds, &c.,

+together.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ 'To charm bees,' to follow a swarm of

+bees, beating a tea-tray, &c.--N.W. (Marlborough).

+

+=Chatter-mag=, =Chatter-pie=. A chattering woman.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chawm=, =Chawn=. A crack in the ground (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Cheese-flower=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--S.W.

+

+=Cheeses=. Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chemise=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.) This name was given us as ~Chemise~, but would probably be

+pronounced as ~Shimmy~.

+

+=Cherky=. Having a peculiar dry taste, as beans (_Village

+Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cherry-pie=. _Valeriana officinalis_, L., All-heal, from its

+smell.--S.W.

+

+=Cheure=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chevil= (or =Chevril=) =Goldfinch=. A large variety of goldfinch,

+with a white throat. See _Birds of Wilts_, p. 203, for a full

+description of the bird.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chewree=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chib=. 'Potato-chibs,' the grown-out shoots in spring. See

+~Chimp~.--S.W.

+

+=Chiddlens=, =Chiddlins=. Pigs' chitterlings (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Children of Israel=. *(1) A small garden variety of _Campanula_,

+from the profusion of its blossoms (_English Plant Names_). (2)

+_Malcolmia maritima_, Br., Virginian Stock, occasionally.

+

+=Chilver=, =Chilver-lamb=. A ewe lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Chilver-hog=. A ewe under two years old (D.). The word hog is now

+applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver

+hog sheep. 'Chilver' is a good Anglo-Saxon word, 'cilfer,' and is

+related to the word 'calf.' A chilver hog sheep simply means in the

+dialect of the Vale of Warminster, a female lamb a year old. See

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii. 303.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chimney-sweeps=. Flowering-heads of some grasses.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Chimney-sweepers=. _Luzula campestris_, Willd., Field

+Wood-rush.--N.W.

+

+=Chimp=. (1) _n._ The grown-out shoot of a stored potato (S.); also

+Chib.--S.W. (2) _v._ To strip off the 'chimps' before planting.--S.W.

+

+=Chink=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch; from its note.--S.W.

+

+=Chinstey=. _n._ The string of a baby's cap.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) A

+horse's chin-strap.--S.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Oh! Mo-ather! Her hath chuck'd me wi' tha chingstey [caught

+    me by the back-hair and choked me with the cap-string].'--_The

+    Exmoor Scolding_, p. 17.

+

+=Chip=. The fore-shoot of a plough.--S.W.

+

+=Chipples=. Young onions grown from seed. Cf. ~Gibbles~ and

+~Cribbles~.--S.W.

+

+=Chisley=. _adj._ Without coherence, as the yolk of an over-boiled

+egg, or a very dry cheese. When land gets wet and then dries too

+fast, it becomes chisley. Compare:--'_Chizzly_, hard, harsh and dry:

+_East_,' in Hal.--S.W.

+

+=Chism=. To germinate, to bud (A.B.C.). 'The wheat doesn't make much

+show yet, John.' 'No, zur, but if you looks 'tes aal chisming out

+ter'ble vast.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chit=. (1) _n._ The third swarm of bees from a hive.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bud or spring (A.B.C.). 'The whate be chitting a'ter thease

+rains.'--N.W.

+

+=Chitchat=. _Pyrus Aucuparia_, Gærtn., Mountain Ash.--S.W.

+

+=Chitterlings=. Pigs' entrails when cleaned and boiled (A.B.);

+~Chiddlens~ (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chivy=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Choor=. (1) _v._ To go out as a charwoman (A.); ~Cheure,

+Chewree-ring~ (H.Wr.); ~Char~ (A.S.). Still in use.--N.W. (2) _n._ A

+turn, as in phrase 'One good choor deserves another' (A.). Still in

+use.--N.W.

+

+=Chop=. To exchange (A.B.S.). 'Wool ye chop wi' I, this thing for

+thuck?' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chore=. A narrow passage between houses (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2);

+see N.E.D. (~s.v. Chare~).

+

+=Christian Names=. The manner in which a few of these are pronounced

+may here be noted:--_Allburt_, Albert; _Allfurd_, Alfred; _Charl_ or

+_Chas_, Charles; _Etherd_, Edward; _Rich't_ or _Richet_, Richard;

+_Robbut_, Robert; &c.

+

+=Chuffey=. Chubby. 'What chuffey cheeks he've a got, to be

+showr!'--S.W.

+

+=Chump=. A block of wood (A.B.); chiefly applied to the short lengths

+into which crooked branches and logs are sawn for firewood (_Under

+the Acorns_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ciderkin=, ='Kin=. The washings after the best cider is made.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clacker=. The tongue (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clackers=. A pair of pattens (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clangy=, =Clengy=, or =Clungy=. Of bad bread, or heavy ground,

+clingy, sticky.--N.W.

+

+=Claps=. _n._ and _v._ clasp (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clat=. See ~Clot~.

+

+=Clattersome=, =Cluttersome=. Of weather, gusty.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Claut=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clavy=, =Clavy-tack=. A mantelpiece (A.B.C.).--N.W., now almost

+obsolete. Strictly speaking, _clavy_ is merely the beam which

+stretches across an old-fashioned fireplace, supporting the wall.

+Where there is a mantelpiece, or _clavy-tack_, it comes just above

+the _clavy_.

+

+=Clean=. 'A clean rabbit,' one that has been caught in the nets, and

+is uninjured by shot or ferret, as opposed to a 'broken,' or damaged

+one. (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi. p. 212).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cleat=, =Cleet=. (1) The little wedge which secures the head of an

+axe or hammer.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A patch (A.B.C.).--N.W. *(3) _v._ To

+mend with a patch (A.B.C.)--N.W. *(4) Occasionally, to strengthen by

+bracing (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. Sticky, clammy; applied to imperfectly fermented bread, or

+earth that will not work well in ploughing.--N.W.

+

+=Cleet=. See ~Cleat~.

+

+=Clengy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+=Clim=. To climb (A.S.). A cat over-fond of investigating the

+contents of the larder shelves is a 'clim-tack,' or climb-shelf.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Clinches=. The muscles of the leg, just under the knee-joint.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clinkerbell=. An icicle.--S.W. (Som. bord.) occasionally.

+

+=Clitch=. The groin.--N.W.

+

+=Clite=, =Clit=. (1) _n._ 'All in a clite,' tangled, as a child's

+hair. A badly groomed horse is said to be 'aal a clit.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To tangle. 'How your hair do get clited!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clites=, =Clytes=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass (A.). Usually

+pl., but Jefferies has sing., ~Clite~, in _Wild Life_, ch. ix.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clitty=. Tangled, matted together.--S.W.

+

+=Clock=. A dandelion seed-head, because children play at telling the

+time of day by the number of puffs it takes to blow away all its

+down.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cloddy=. Thick, plump, stout (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Clog-weed=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Clot=. A hard lump of dry cow-dung, left on the surface of a

+pasture. See ~Cow-clat~.--N.W.

+

+    'On pasture farms they beat clots or pick up stones.'--R.

+    JEFFERIES, Letter to _Times_, Nov. 1872.

+

+    '1661. Itm p^d Richard Sheppard & Old Taverner for beating

+    clatts in Inglands, 00. 04. 08.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p.

+    226.

+

+*=Clote=. _n._ _Verbascum Thapsus_, L., Great Mullein (_Aubrey's

+Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Clothes-brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. Cf.

+~Brushes~.--S.W.

+

+=Clottiness=. See ~Cleaty~. Clottishness (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+    'The peculiar churlishness (provincially, "clottiness") of a

+    great part of the lands of this district, arising perhaps from

+    the cold nature of the sub-soil.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+    p. 51.

+

+=Clout=. (1) _n._ A box on the ear, a blow (A.B.C.S.). See ~Clue~.

+'I'll gie thee a clout o' th' yead.'--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To

+strike.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clue=. 'A clue in the head,' a knock on the head (_Village Miners_).

+A box on the ear. Cf. _clow_, Winchester College. See ~Clout~.--N.W.

+

+=Clum=. To handle clumsily (A.B.), roughly, boisterously, or

+indecently (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Clumbersome=. Awkward, clumsy.--N.W.

+

+=Clumper=, =Clumber=. A heavy clod of earth.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Clums=. _pl._ Hands. 'I'll keep out o' thee clums, I'll warnd I

+will!'--N.W. ~Clumps~ is used in S. Wilts in a similar way, but

+generally of the feet (S.), and always implies great awkwardness,

+as 'What be a treadin' on my gownd vor wi' they girt ugly clumps o'

+yourn?'

+

+=Clungy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+*=Cluster-of-five=. The fist. ~Cluster-a-vive~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clutter=. _n._ Disorder, mess, confusion. 'The house be ael in a

+clutter to-day wi' they childern's lease-carn.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cluttered=. (1) 'Caddled,' over-burdened with work and worry.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    '"_Cluttered up_" means in a litter, surrounded with too many

+    things to do at once.'--JEFFERIES, _Field and Hedgerow_, p. 189.

+

+*(2) Brow-beaten. Said to have been used at Warminster formerly.

+

+=Cluttersome=. See ~Clattersome~.

+

+=Cluttery=. Showery and gusty.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyders=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyten=. *(1) _n._ An unhealthy appearance, particularly in

+children (A.B.C.).--N.W., obsolete. *(2) _n._ An unhealthy child

+(C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Clytenish=. _adj._ Unhealthy-looking, pale, sickly

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Clytes=. See ~Clites~.

+

+*=Coath=. Sheep-rot (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cobbler's-knock=. 'To do the cobbler's knock,' to slide on one foot,

+tapping the ice meanwhile with the other.--S.W.

+

+*=Cob-nut=. A game played by children with nuts (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Cockagee=, =Cockygee= (_g_ hard). A kind of small hard sour cider

+apple. Ir. _cac a' gheidh_, goose-dung, from its greenish-yellow

+colour (see N.E.D., ~s.v. Coccagee~).--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Cocking-fork=. A large hay-fork, used for carrying hay from the cock

+into the summer-rick.--S.W.

+

+*=Cocking-poles=. Poles used for the same purpose.--N.W.

+

+=Cockles=. Seed-heads of _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard).

+

+=Cock's Egg=. The small eggs sometimes first laid by pullets.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Cock-shot=. A cock-shy: used by boys about Marlborough and

+elsewhere. 'I say, there's a skug [squirrel]--let's have a cock-shot

+at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cock's-neckling=. 'To come down cock's-neckling,' to fall head

+foremost (H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cock's-nests=. The nests so often built and then deserted by the

+wren, without any apparent cause.--N.W.

+

+*=Cock-sqwoilin=. Throwing at cocks at Shrovetide (A.Wr.). See

+~Squail~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1755. Paid expenses at the Angel at a meeting when the By Law

+    was made to prevent Throwing at Cocks, 0.10.6.'--Records of

+    _Chippenham_, p. 244.

+

+=Cocky-warny=. The game of leap-frog.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Cod-apple=. A wild apple (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xiv. 177).

+

+=Codlins-and-cream=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb; from its smell when crushed in the hand. Cf.

+~Sugar-Codlins~.--S.W.

+

+*=Coglers=. The hooks, with cogged rack-work for lifting or lowering,

+by which pots and kettles were formerly hung over open fireplaces.

+Now superseded by _Hanglers_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Colley=. (1) A collar.--N. & S.W. *(2) Soot or grime from a pot or

+kettle (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'Brief as the lightning in the collied night.'--_Midsummer

+    Night's Dream._

+

+    'Thou hast not collied thy face enough.'--JONSON'S ~Poetaster~.

+

+=Colley-maker=. A saddler. See ~Colley~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Colley-strawker=. A milker or 'cow-stroker.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Colt's-tail=. A kind of cloud said to portend rain.--N.W.

+

+    'The colt's tail is a cloud with a bushy appearance like a

+    ragged fringe, and portends rain.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=Comb=, =Coom=. (1) _n._ The lower ledge of a window (Kennett's

+_Paroch. Antiq._). (2) _n._ Grease from an axle-box, soot, dirt, &c.

+~Koomb~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Comb-and-Brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel.--S.W.

+

+=Combe=, =Coombe=. (1) The wooded side of a hill (D.); used

+occasionally in this sense in both Wilts and Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) A narrow valley or hollow in a hillside. This is the proper

+meaning.--N. & S.W. Used of a narrow valley in the woodlands in

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. i.

+

+=Come of=. To get the better of, to grow out of. 'How weak that child

+is about the knees, Sally!' 'Oh, he'll come o' that all right, Miss,

+as he do grow bigger.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Come to land=. Of intermittent springs, to rise to the surface and

+begin to flow (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W.

+

+=Comical=. (1) Queer-tempered. 'Her's a comical 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) Out of health. 'I've bin uncommon comical to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) Cracky, queer. 'He's sort o' comical in his head, bless 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. 'A cow he's a comical thing to feed; bin he don't take care

+he's very like to choke hisself.'--N.W. (Marlborough.) It should

+be noted that Marlborough folk are traditionally reputed to call

+everything _he_ but a bull, and that they always call _she_!

+

+=Coney-burry=. A rabbit's hole.--S.W. (Amesbury.)

+

+=Coniger=, =Conigre=. This old word, originally meaning a

+rabbit-warren, occurs frequently in Wilts (as at Trowbridge) as the

+name of a meadow, piece of ground, street, &c. See _Great Estate_,

+note to ch. ix.

+

+=Conker-berries=. See ~Canker-berries~.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers= (i.e. _conquerors_). (1) A boy's game, played

+with horse-chestnuts strung on cord, the players taking it in

+turn to strike at their opponent's conk, in order to crack and

+disable it.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2) Hence, the fruit of _Aesculus

+Hippocastanum_, L., Horse-chestnut.--N.W.

+

+=Coob=. A hen-coop (H.): invariably so pronounced.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cooby=. A snug corner. See ~Cubby-hole~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coom=. See ~Comb~.

+

+*=Coombe-bottom=. A valley in a hillside (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+See ~Combe~.

+

+=Coom hedder=. (A.S.). See ~Horses~.

+

+=Coop! Coop!= The usual call to cows, &c., to come in.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coopy-house=. A very small house or cottage (S.). See

+~Cubby-hole~.--S.W.

+

+*=Cooted=. Cut slanting, sloped off, as the ends of the upper part of

+an oblong hay-rick (D.).

+

+    'Hayricks are usually made round; sometimes oblong with cooted

+    ends, not gable ends.'--_Agric. of Wilts._

+

+=Cord=. 'A cord of plocks,' a pile of cleft wood, 8 ft. long and 4

+ft. in girth and width (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Corn-baulk=. See ~Baulk~ (1).

+

+=Corndrake=. _Crex pratensis_, the Landrail; almost invariably so

+called about Warminster and in some parts of N. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Corn-grate=. The Cornbrash formation (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 164).

+

+*=Corn Grit=. Quarrymen's term for one of the building stone beds of

+the Portland series (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+*=Corn Pop=. _Silene inflata_, Sm., Bladder Campion.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Corruptions=. Some of these are curious, and perhaps worth

+recording, as _Rainball_, rainbow (always used at Huish);

+_Lattiprack_, paralytic; _Nuffin-idols_, Love-in-idleness; _Polly

+Andrews_, Polyanthus. Also see _Nolens-volens_. Bronchitis is

+always _Brantitus_, and Jaundice always _The Janders_, plural.

+Persuade is always _Suade_. The crab-apple is usually _Grab_ in N.

+Wilts. At Etchilhampton we find _Plump_ for pump, and _Moth_ for

+moss, while at Huish and elsewhere proud flesh is always _Ploughed

+flesh_. _Pasmet_, parsnip, and the universal _Turmut_, turnip, may

+be noted as illustrating a curious letter-change. _Varley-grassey_,

+gone green, is evidently from verdigris. In _Great Estate_, ch. iv,

+Jefferies traces _Meejick_ ('a sort of a _Meejick'_=anything very

+strange or unusual) back to menagerie. Cavalry becomes _Cavaltry_,

+meaning horsemen, and crockery is usually _Crockerty_. Other more or

+less common perversions of words are _Patty Carey_, Hepatica; _Chiny

+Oysters_, China Aster; _Turkemtime_, turpentine; _Absence_, abscess

+(Cherhill); _Abrupt_, to approve (Huish); _Tiddle_, to tickle;

+_Cribble_, a cripple; _Strive_ (of a tree), to thrive (Steeple

+Ashton); _Hurly-gurly_, a hurdy-gurdy (S.W.); _Midger_, to measure;

+_Cherm_, to churn (_Slow_, S.W.); _Rumsey-voosey_, to rendezvous,

+as 'He went a rumsy-voosing down the lane to meet his sweetheart';

+_Dapcheek_, a dabchick; _Drilly-drally_, to hesitate, to dawdle over

+anything; _Kiddle_, a kettle.

+

+=Couch=, =Cooch=. Couch-grass in general.--N. & S.W. ~Black Couch~,

+_Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~White Couch~, _Triticum repens_ (D.);

+~Couchy-bent~, _Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~Knot Couch~, _Avena

+elatior_.

+

+=Couchy-bent=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=Count=. To expect or think. 'I don't count as he'll come.'--N.W.

+

+*=Coventree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder rose.--S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Coven-tree common about Chalke and Cranbourn Chase; the

+    carters doe make their whippes of it.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, p.

+    56, Ed. Brit.

+

+*=Coward=. _adj._ Pure: used of unskimmed milk. Cf. 'cowed milk,'

+Isle of Wight (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110).--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+*=Cow-baby=. A childish fellow, a simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cow-clap=. A form of ~Cow-clat~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+=Cow-clat=, =Cow-clap=. A pat of cow-dung (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Cow-down=. A cow-common (_Agric. Survey_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cows-and-Calves=. (1) _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (2)

+When a saw has alternately long and short teeth, they are known as

+_cows_ and _calves_ respectively.--N.W.

+

+=Cowshard=. Cow-clat.--N.W.

+

+*=Cowshorne=. Cow-clats. Obsolete.

+

+    'The poore people gather the cowshorne in the

+    meadows.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 192.

+

+*=Cow-white=. See ~White~.

+

+*=Crab=. To abuse (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Compare

+North Eng. _crab_, to provoke, and _crob_, to reproach. Originally

+a hawking term, hawks being said to _crab_ when they stood too

+near and fought one with another. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 81

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Crandum=. The throat (S.).--N.W.

+

+    'I first heard this word near Hungerford, where some farm hands

+    were having a spree. There was a six-gallon jar of beer on the

+    table, which they were continually smacking with their hands,

+    whilst they sang in chorus:--

+

+        "Let it run down yer crandum,

+        An' jolly will we be," &c.

+

+    I have only heard it applied to the human throat, never to that

+    of an animal.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Crap=. Assurance (H.Wr.). There is probably some mistake here.

+

+=Craw=. The crop of a bird; hence, the bosom (A.). 'A spelt th' drenk

+down 's craw,' he spilt it down his bosom (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Crazy=, =Craisey=, =Craizey=. The Buttercup (A.B.H.Wr.). Buttercups

+in general, _Ranunculus acris_, _R. bulbosus_, _R. repens_, and often

+_R. Ficaria_ also, but at Huish never applied to the last-named. In

+Deverill the term _Craizies_ is restricted to the Marsh Marigold. See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Crayse~).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crazy Bets=. (1) The general name all over Wilts for _Caltha

+palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; apparently always pl. in form.

+~Crazy Betties~ (_Great Estate_, ch. ii) and ~Crazy Betseys~ are

+occasionally used, the latter at Little Langford, S.W. Cf. 'Pretty

+Bets,' Oxf. and Nhamp., for Red Spur Valerian and London Pride, and

+'Sweet Betsey,' Kent, for the former. In Glouc. Marsh Marigold is

+merely a _Crazy_.--N. & S.W. *(2) Mr. Slow says that 'Crazy bets'

+is applied to the 'buttercup' in South Wilts. *(3) _Chrysanthemum

+leucanthemum_, L., the Ox-eye Daisy.--S.W. (Hampworth.)

+

+=Crazy-mor=e, =Crazy-mar=, or =Crazy-moir=. (1) _Ranunculus repens_,

+L., Creeping Buttercup. _More_=root or plant.--N.W. (Devizes; Huish.)

+(2) At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., and probably elsewhere, ~Crazy-mar~ means

+a plant of any kind of buttercup.

+

+=Crease=. A ridge-tile.--N.W.

+

+    'From the top of Aland's house ... a slate ridge-crest

+    (or crease, as it is provincially termed) ... was carried

+    northwards about 40 yards.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 378.

+

+=Creed=. _Lemna minor_, L., Duckweed (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+*=Creeny=. Small (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+*=Creeping Jack=. _Sedum_, Stonecrop.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Creeping Jenny=. (1) _Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved

+Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L.,

+Moneywort.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cresset=, =Cressil=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+

+=Crew=. The tang of a scythe-blade, fastening into the

+pole-ring.--N.W.

+

+=Cribble about=. To creep about as old people do.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cribbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. See ~Gibbles~ and

+~Chipples~.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Crick crack=. People who try to talk fine language, and cannot, are

+said to use 'crick crack' words. ~Crick crach~: words not understood

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Crink-crank words are long words--_verba sesquipedalia_--not

+    properly understood. See _Proceedings of Phil. Soc._ v.

+    143-8.'--COPE'S _Hants Gloss_.

+

+=Crink=. A crevice or crack.--N.W.

+

+*=Crippender=. Crupper harness.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Critch=. A deep earthen pan (S.). Also used in Hants. Fr.

+_cruche_.--S.W.

+

+=Crock=. A pot; especially an earthen one (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Croud=. See ~Crowdy~.

+

+=Croupy down=. To crouch down (S.) as children do when playing

+hide-and-seek.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-bells= (pl. used as sing.). _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. This is probably the flower referred to in Aubrey's

+_Wilts_, Roy. Soc. MS., p. 126 (p. 52, ed. Brit.), under the same

+name:--

+

+    'In a ground of mine called Swices ... growes abundantly a

+    plant called by the people hereabout crow-bells, which I never

+    saw any where but there. Mr. Rob. Good, M.A., tells me that

+    these crow-bells have blue flowers, and are common to many

+    shady places in this county.'

+

+=Crowdy=. A kind of apple turnover (S.). ~Croud~ (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-flower=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Crow-hearted=. Young cabbage and broccoli plants that have lost

+their eye or centre are said to be 'crow-hearted.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Crowpeck=. (1) _Scandix Pecten_, L., Shepherd's-needle (D.).--S.W.

+(2) _Ranunculus arvensis_, L., Corn Crowfoot.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Crow's-legs=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--N.W.

+

+=Crump=. To crunch or munch.--N.W.

+

+=Crumplings=, =Crumplens=. Small, imperfectly grown apples.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cubby-hole=. A snug corner, a sheltered place (A.S.). Also ~Cooby~;

+cf. ~Coopy-house~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo=. About Salisbury _Saxifraga granulata_ is known as ~Dry~ (or

+~Dryland~) ~Cuckoo~, and _Cardamine pratensis_ as ~Water Cuckoo~,

+from their respective habitats. The use of _Cuckoo_ in a plant-name

+always implies that it flowers in early spring.

+

+=Cuckoo-flower=. (1) _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo fool=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--N.W. (Broadtown.)

+

+=Cuckoo-gate=. A swing-gate in a V-shaped enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoos=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Cuckoo's bread-and-cheese=. The young shoots of the Hawthorn

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Cuddickwaay=! Order to a horse to 'Come this way.'

+

+=Cue= (1), _n._ An ox-shoe (A.). Only used on flinty lands.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _v._ To shoe an ox.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cull=, or =Tom Cull=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead (A.B.).

+

+=Culls=. Sheep or lambs picked out of the flock, as inferior in size

+or in any other way, and sold. Fairs at which they are sold are

+called '_Cull Fairs_.'--N.W.

+

+=Curdle=. A curl of hair (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Curly-buttons=. Woodlice.--S.W.

+

+=Curly-cob=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Curry-pig=. A sucking pig (H.Wr.). Also ~Cure-pig~.

+

+=Cushion-pink=. _Armeria maritima_, Willd., Thrift; the garden

+variety.--N.W.

+

+*=Cushions=. _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--N. & S.W.

+(Enford, &c.)

+

+*=Cusnation=. An expletive (A.).

+

+    'Ha' done, Jonas! Dwon't 'e be a cussnation vool! I'll call

+    missus!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Cut-finger-leaf=. _Valeriana_, All-heal. The leaves are good for

+application to sluggish sores, whitlows, &c. Mr. Cunnington quotes it

+as _V. dioica_.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Cutty=. _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=D=. (1) In comparatives, &c., _d_ is frequently added to liquids,

+as _coolder_, cooler; _thinder_, thinner; feeldins, feelings; and

+_scholard_, scholar. In _Chronicon Vilodunense_, fifteenth century,

+we find _jaylarde_, a gaoler. (2) It is also used for _th_, as

+_draish_, thresh; _droo_, through; _dree_, three. (3) _D_ not sounded

+after a liquid; examples:--_veel_, field; _vine_, to find; _dreshol_,

+threshold.

+

+=Daak=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Dab=. An expert at anything; sometimes used ironically, as 'He's a

+perfect dab at gardening,' he knows nothing whatever about it.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dabster=. A proficient (A.). See ~Dapster~.--S.W.

+

+=Dack=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Daddick=, =Daddock=. _n._ Rotten wood (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+=Daddicky=. _adj._ Of wood, decayed, rotten (A.B.S.). Cf.

+~Dicky~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Daddy's Whiskers=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Daffy=. The usual name in N.W. for the wild Daffodil.

+

+=Daggled=. See ~Diggled~.

+

+=Daglet=. An icicle (A.H.S.Wr.). See ~Daggled~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thatched roofs are always hung with "daglets" in

+    frost.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dain=. Noisome effluvia (A.B.C.H.Wr.). Formerly applied mainly to

+_infectious_ effluvia, as 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo too nigh thuck there

+chap; he've a had the small-pox, and the dain be in his clothes

+still.' (See _Cunnington MS._). Now used of very bad smells in

+general.--N.W.

+

+=Dainty=. Evil-smelling. 'That there meat's ter'ble dainty.'--N.W.

+

+=Dall=. An expletive (S.).--N.W.

+

+    ''Od dal th' vor'n ungrateful varment!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 50.

+

+=Dandy-goshen=. See ~Dandy-goslings~.

+

+=Dandy-goslings=. (1) _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~, &c.--N.W. (2) _O. Morio_, L., Green-winged Meadow

+Orchis. ~Dandy-goshen~ at Salisbury (_English Plant Names_), also at

+Little Langford.--S.W.

+

+*=Dane=, =Daner=. In Kingston Deverill there was an old man who

+called red-haired men 'Danes,' or 'Daners,' as 'Thee bist a Dane.'

+This being in the centre of the Alfred district, the term may be a

+survival. In Somerset red-haired men are often said to be 'a bit

+touched with the Danes.'

+

+*=Dane's Blood=. _Sambucus Ebulus_, L., Dwarf Elder (Aubrey's _Nat.

+Hist. Wilts_, p. 50, ed. Brit.). It is popularly believed only to

+grow on the ancient battle-fields, and to have sprung originally from

+the blood of the slain Danes.

+

+=Dap=. (1) _v._ To rebound, as a ball.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+rebound of a ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dap on=. To pounce down on, to take unawares.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Daps=. (1) 'He's the daps on his feyther,' the very image of him

+(S.).--S.W. (2) 'He got the daps o' he's feyther,' he has the same

+tricks as his father.--N.W.

+

+    '~Dap~, a hop, a turn. The daps of any one would therefore be

+    his habits, peculiarities, &c.'--JENNINGS, _Somerset Gloss_.

+

+=Dapster=. *(1) A nimble boy.--S.W. (Deverill). (2) A proficient

+(S.). See ~Dab~.--S.W.

+

+*=Dar=. _n._ 'To be struck in a dar, to be astonished or

+confounded.'--_Cunnington MS._ Apparently from O.E. _dare_, to

+frighten birds.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Never hobby so dared a lark.'--BURTON, _Anatomy of Melancholy_.

+

+*=Daver=. To fade, fall down, droop, as flowers or leaves on a hot

+day.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dawk=, =Dack=, =Daak=, =Dauk=. To incise with a jerk, or insert a

+pointed weapon with rapidity (H.Wr.). To stab and tear together as a

+cat's claw does. To puncture.--N.W.

+

+    'Should a savage cat tear out a piece of flesh from the hand,

+    she is said to "dawk" it out. Dawk expresses a ferocious stab

+    and tear combined.'--_Village Miners._

+

+Also used of a baker marking loaves:--

+

+    'Prick it and dack it and mark it with T,

+    And put it in the oven for baby and me.'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+This seems to be identical with A.S. _dalc_, _dolc_, Dutch and Danish

+_dolk_, Icel. _dálkr_, Germ. _dolch_, all meaning a sharp piercing

+instrument, a skewer, a dagger, &c. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Dead hedge=. A wattled fence (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Dead pen=. A sheep pen is occasionally so called in S. Wilts.

+

+=Dead-roof=. A skilling roof made of bavins and thatched over.--N.W.

+

+=Dead year=. Often used with possessive pronoun, as 'his dead year,'

+the year immediately following his death (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxii. p. 111). A widow should not marry again 'afore the dead year's

+up.'--N.W.

+

+=Deaf-nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., the Dead nettle. Cf.

+~Dunch-nettle~.--S.W.

+

+=Deaf-nut=. A rotten or empty nut. _Deaf_=useless, inactive.--S.W.

+

+=Deedy=. (1) Industrious, busy, as 'He's a deedy man.'--N.W. (2)

+Intent, as 'What bist looking so deedy at?'--N.W.

+

+*=Dee-gee=. Mr. William Cunnington writes us as follows:--

+

+    '"Twas a Dee-gee" was the name of a kind of dance, which our

+    old nurse taught us as children, mostly performed by moving

+    sideways and knocking the feet together.'

+

+This would seem to be a survival of the Elizabethan _heydeguies_. See

+Spenser, _Shepherd's Calendar_, June.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Densher=. To prepare down-land for cultivation by paring and

+burning the turf (Aubrey's _Wilts Nat. Hist._, p. 103, ed. Brit.).

+See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Desight=, =Dissight=. An unsightly object (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Devil-daisy=. _Matricaria Parthenium_, L., Common Feverfew, and

+_Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile, from their daisy-like

+flowers and unpleasant odour.--S.W.

+

+=Devil-in-a-hedge=. _Nigella damascena_, Love in a mist.--N.W.

+

+=Devil-screecher=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. A kind of hairy caterpillar which curls up on being

+touched (_Wild Life_, ch. xvii).--N.W.

+

+    'Devyls-gold-rynge, the colewort worme.'--_Huloet._

+

+    'Oak-egger and fox moths, which children call "Devil's Gold

+    Rings."'--KINGSLEY, _Chalk-stream Studies_.

+

+=Dew-beater=. A man who has large feet, or who turns out his toes, so

+that he brushes the dew off the grass in walking (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'The dew-beaters [early walkers, pioneers] have trod their way

+    for those that come after them.'--HACKET'S _Life of Williams_,

+    i. 57.

+

+=Dew-bi=. A very early breakfast (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dew-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. Also ~Mist-pond~.--N.W.

+

+*=Dewsiers=. The valves of a pig's heart (A.B.G.); a corruption of

+O.F. _jusier_.

+

+=Deyhus=, =Da'us=, =Day'us=. A dairy, a cheese-room (A.B.). From

+_deye_, a dairymaid; Icel. _deigja_ (Skeat). In this and similar

+words, as Brewhouse, Woodhouse, &c., _house_ is always pronounced

+as A.S. _hús_ (Akerman), the _h_, however, not being invariably

+sounded.--N.W.

+

+=Dibs=. A game played by boys with sheep's dibs or knuckle-bones

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dick-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. Compare Jack-and-his-team.

+

+    'I know the north star; there it is.... And the Great Bear; the

+    men call it Dick and his Team.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vi.

+

+=Dicker=. (1) To bedeck. 'Gels be allus a dickerin' therselves up

+now-a-days.'--N.W. (Huish.) (2) 'As thick as they can dicker,' very

+intimate.--S.W. (Amesbury.) 'All in a dicker (or 'digger'),' very

+close together.--S.W.

+

+=Dicky=. (1) Of vegetables, decayed. (2) Of persons or plants,

+weakly or in ill-health (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Cf.

+~Daddicky~.--N.W.

+

+=Dicky-birds=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+

+=Diedapper=. _Podiceps minor_, the Dabchick; _Divedapper_ in

+Shakespeare. In common use at Salisbury until quite recently. Before

+the streams running through the city were covered over, it was an

+every-day occurrence to see a dripping urchin making for home, with

+an escort of friends at his heels yelling 'Diedapper, Diedapper,

+Diedapper, die!'--S.W.

+

+*=Diggle=. _v._ To grow thickly together. 'They weeds be a coming

+up agen as thick as ever they can diggle.' See ~Dicker~.--N.W.

+(Potterne.).

+

+=Diggled=, =Daggled=. Covered over or hung thickly with anything.

+Compare ~Daglet~. 'Thick may-bush be aal diggled wi' berries.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Diggles=. _n._ Abundance, plenty (S.). 'Let's go a blackberryin';

+there's diggles up Grovely.' See ~Diggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Dill=, =Dill Duck=. A young duck.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dillcup=. _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L., Lesser Celandine (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Diller=. The shaft-horse (H.Wr.). See ~Thiller~.--N.W.

+

+=Dills=. See ~Thills~.

+

+=Dimmets=. Dusk, twilight.--S.W.

+

+=Ding=. To strike violently (_Dark_, ch. xv).--N.W.

+

+=Dishabille=. A labourer's working clothes. The word is not used in

+Wilts in its ordinary sense of undress or negligent costume, but a

+common excuse for not appearing at church is that a man has nothing

+but his _dishabille_ to wear. Fr. _déshabillé_.--N.W.

+

+=Dishwasher=. (1) _Motacilla flava_, the Yellow Wagtail (A.S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _M. Yarrellii_, the Pied Wagtail (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Do=. 'To do for any one,' to manage or keep house for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dock=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow (A.). Now restricted

+to _Rumex_.

+

+=Dodder=, =Dudder=, =Duther=, &c. (1) _v._ To bewilder, to deafen

+with noise (A.B.H.S.Wr.). 'I be vinny doddered, they childern do

+yop so.'--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ 'All in a dudder,' quite bewildered

+(H.).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To deaden anything, as pain. 'It sort o'

+dudders the pain.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Doddle-grass=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Doddler=. 'A bit of a doddler,' a small boy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? This phrase seems worth noting. At Clyffe Pypard

+a person complaining of loneliness, or the want of sociability or

+kindness amongst the neighbours, will say, 'There isn't one as 'll so

+much as look in and say, "Dog, how beest?"'

+

+=Dog-Cocks=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Compare _Dogs-dibble_

+in N. Devon.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Dog-daisy=. Any large daisy-like white flower, such as

+_Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dogged=. (2 syl.) Very, excessively; as _dogged cute_ (A.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'Maester was dogged deep, but I was deeper!'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    110.

+

+*=Dog out=. To drive out anything, as a sheep out of a quagmire, by

+setting the dog furiously at it (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Dog's-mouth=. _Linaria vulgari_s, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.--N.W.

+

+*=Dom=. A door case (H.Wr.): probably a mistake for _Dorn_ or _Doorn_.

+

+=Domel=. See ~Dumble~.

+

+=Doner=. A man, animal, &c., 'done for' and past hope (S.). 'Thuck

+old sow be a dunner; her 'll be dead afore night.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Donnings=. Clothes (A.B.).

+

+*=Dooke=. (2 syl.) Do ye, will ye. 'Be quiet, dooke' (H.M.Wr.).

+

+    'Obsolete, having been superseded by _do 'ee_. It was

+    pronounced as a dissyllable.'--SKEAT.

+

+=Door-Drapper= (i.e. Dropper or Dripper). The piece of wood fastened

+to the bottom of cottage doors to shoot the water off the 'Dreshol'

+(threshold).--N.W.

+

+*=Doorn=. A door frame (H.Wr.). Also ~Durn~ (S.). At Warminster

+applied only to the sides of a door-frame.--S.W.

+

+=Double=. 'He is a double man,' i.e. bent double with age or

+infirmity.--S.W.

+

+*=Double-Dumb-Nettle=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black Horehound.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Double-ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L.,

+Kidney Vetch.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Double-mound=. A double hedge (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi; _Wild

+Life_, ch. ix. p. 152). See ~Mound~.--N.W.

+

+*=Double Pincushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Doublets=. Twin lambs (_Annals of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. The same as ~Lem-feg~. A Turkey Fig.--N.W.

+

+=Dout=. To put out, as 'Dout the candle' (A.B.S.): to smother or

+extinguish fire by beating.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'An extinguisher "douts" a candle; the heel of a boot "douts"

+    a match thrown down. But the exact definition of "dout" is to

+    smother, or extinguish by beating.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dowl=. The fine down of a bird.--N.W.

+

+    'Coots and moor-hens must be skinned, they could not be plucked

+    because of the "dowl." Dowl is the fluff, the tiny featherets

+    no fingers can remove.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Down=. To tire out, to exhaust. 'That there 'oss's downed.'--N.W.

+(Wroughton.)

+

+=Down-along=. 'He lives down-along,' a little way down the street

+(S.), as opposed to 'up-along.'--S.W.

+

+=Down-arg=. To contradict in an overbearing manner (A.B.S.), to

+browbeat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Down-dacious=. Audacious (S.). 'Her's a right downdacious young

+vaggot, that her is!'--S.W.

+

+*=Down-haggard=. Disconsolate (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Down-hearten=. To feel disheartened. 'A be vurry bad, but I don't

+down-hearten about un.'--N.W.

+

+=Dowse=. A blow (A.B.C.S.), as 'a dowse in the chops.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dowst=. (1) Chaff or cave. ~Dust~ (D.). (2) 'To go to dowst,' go

+to bed, perhaps from _dowst_ (chaff) being used to fill mattresses.

+Heard at Huish occasionally, but not traced elsewhere.

+

+=Dowst-coob=. The chaff cupboard in a stable.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drag=. A harrow (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drail=. (1) In a plough, the iron bow from which the traces draw,

+and by which the furrow is set (D.).--N.W. (2) _Crex pratensis_, the

+Landrail.--N.W.

+

+*=Drainted=. Of dirt, ingrained (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drang=, =Drangway=, =Drung=. (1) A narrow lane. ~Drun~

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. (2) A narrow passage between walls or houses. Drun

+(H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Drangway=. See ~Drang~ (S.).

+

+=Drashel=, =Dreshol=, &c. A flail (D.). The correct term for a flail

+is a _drashel_, but '_a pair o' drashells_' (or 'dreshols') is more

+commonly used, as two men generally work together.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Drattle=. Much talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draught=. A cart-shaft. ~Draats~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draughts=. Hazel-rods selected for hurdle-making (D.). A 'draught'

+is not a rod, but a bundle of long wood suitable for hurdles or

+pea-sticks, bound with a single withe.--N.W.

+

+=Drave=. 'I be slaving an' draving (i.e. working myself to death) for

+he, night and day.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Draw=. (1) A squirrel's dray or nest.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2)

+Rarely applied to a large nest, as a hawk's. Compare:--'_Draw_, to

+build a nest (_Berners_),' an old hawking term.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Drawing=. See ~Drawn~.

+

+=Drawn=. In a water-meadow, the large open main drain which carries

+the water back to the river, after it has passed through the various

+carriages and trenches.--S.W. In every-day use about Salisbury, and

+along the Avon and Wiley from Downton to Codford, but rarely heard

+elsewhere.

+

+    'Many of the meadows on either length [near Salisbury] abound

+    in ditches and "drawns."'--_Fishing Gazette_, July 18, 1891, p.

+    40, col. 2.

+

+    'I ... descried three birds, standing quite still [at Britford]

+    by the margin of a flooded "drawing."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxi.

+    229.

+

+=Dredge=, =Drodge=. Barley and oats grown together.--S.W.

+

+=Dribs-and-Drabs=. Odds and ends. 'All in dribs and drabs,' all in

+tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drieth=. See ~Dryth~.

+

+=Drift=. A row of felled underwood (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Dripple= See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Drive=. Of manure, to stimulate growth. 'Thur, that'll drive th'

+rhubub, _I_ knaws!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drock=. (1) A short drain under a roadway, often made with a hollow

+tree.--N. & S.W. (2) A broad flat stone laid as a bridge across a

+ditch (_Amaryllis at the Fair_).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Drock, a water-way, or sometimes the stone slab over a narrow

+    ditch.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+    '1674. Item Paid Richard Serrell for a Stone to make a

+    Drocke.--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 230.

+

+*(3) A water-course (H.Wr.). A water-way (_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Where meaning a water way, it is usually spoken of as

+    a Drockway, "drock" alone being the passage over the

+    ditch.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+*(4) Used in compounds such as ~Well-drock~, windlass.

+

+=Drockway=. See ~Drock~ (3).

+

+=Drodge=. See ~Dredge~ .

+

+*=Dromedary=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.) (2) _Centaurea Scabiosa_, L., Hardheads.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Dropping=. 'A dropping summer,' one when there is a shower every two

+or three days (_Wild Life_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+=Drove=. A green roadway on a farm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drown=. To turn the water over the meadows.--S.W.

+

+=Drowner=. The man who attends to the hatches, managing the supply

+of water, and turning it on and off the meadows at the proper

+times.--S.W.

+

+*=Drowning-bridge=. A water-meadow sluice-gate (A.B.G.H. Wr.).

+

+=Drowning-carriage=. A large water-course for drowning a meadow. See

+~Carriage~.--S.W.

+

+*=Droy=. A thunderbolt (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Drucked=. Filled to overflowing (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drug=. (1) 'To drug timber,' to draw it out of the woods under a

+pair of wheels (D.).--N.W. (2) 'To drug a wheel,' to put on some kind

+of drag or chain.--N.W.

+

+*=Druid's-hair=. Long moss (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drun=. See ~Drang~ (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drunge=. (1) _n._ A crowd or crush of people (H.Wr.)--N.W. (2) _v._

+To squeeze (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drunkards=. Flowers of _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold;

+probably from the way in which they suck up water when placed in a

+vase. The reason assigned by children for the name is that if you

+look long at them you will be sure to take to drink.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Dry Cuckoo=, or =Dryland Cuckoo=. _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White

+Meadow Saxifrage. See ~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Dryth=, or =Drieth=. Dryness, drought.--N.W.

+

+    '1633. The cryer ... to give warninge to the inhabitants to

+    sett payles of water at their doores in the late tyme of drieth

+    and heate.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 206.

+

+=Dub=. To pelt with stones. 'Just dub that apple down out of the

+tree, will 'ee?' See ~Frog-dubbing~.--S.W.

+

+=Dubbed=. Blunt, pointless (A.B.).

+

+*=Dubbing=. 'A dubbin' o' drenk,' a pint or mug of beer (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dubby=. Oily.--N.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. A very slight white frost.--N.W.

+

+    'That kind of frost which comes on in the early morning, and is

+    accompanied with some rime on the grass--a duck's frost, just

+    sufficient to check fox-hunting.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Duckstone=. A game played by boys with stones (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Dudder=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+=Dudge=. (1) A bundle of anything used to stop a hole.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) *(2) 'Peg the dudge,' tap the barrel (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dudman=. A scarecrow.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dumb-Ague=. A kind of ague which is not accompanied by the usual

+shaking fits. ''Tis what 'ee do caal the dumb-agey.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dumble=. Stupid, dull (A.B.H.Wr.); also ~Domel, Dummel, &c.~--N.W.

+

+    'Severe weather ... makes all wild animals "dummel" in

+    provincial phrase,--i.e. stupid, slow to move.'--_Gamekeeper at

+    Home_, ch. vii.

+

+=Dumbledore=, or =Dumble=. The Humble-bee (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Th' mak'st a noise like a dumbledore in a pitcher.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 68.

+

+=Dumb Nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Dump=. (1) _n._ 'A treacle dump,' a kind of coarse sweetmeat.--S.W.

+(2) _v._ To blunt, as 'I've dumped my scythe against a stone.'--N.W.

+(3) A pollard tree, as 'Ash-dump,' or 'Willow-dump.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dum-put=. See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Dunch=. (1) Deaf (A.B.C.); now rarely so used. In _Cunnington MS._

+said to be at that time the usual N. Wilts term for _deaf_.--N & S.W.

+

+    'Ah! Molly, ye purtends to be as dunch as a bittle, but I

+    kneows 'e hears ev'ry word I zays.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 81.

+

+(2) Stupid, heavy; now the common use. 'The wapses gets dunch' in

+late autumn. A labourer who can't be made to understand orders is

+'dunch.'--N. & S.W. (3) Of bread, heavy (_Wild Life_, ch. vii). Cf.

+~Dunch-dumpling.~--N. & S.W. ~Dunchy~ is frequently used in S. Wilts

+instead of ~Dunch~, but usually means deaf.

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. A hard-boiled flour-and-water dumpling (A.B.C.) See

+~Dunch~ (3).--N.W.

+

+=Dunch-nettle=, =Dunse-nettle=. (1) _Lamium purpureum_, L., Red

+Dead-nettle. ~Dunch~=stupid, inactive. Cf. ~Deaf-nettle~.--S.W. (2)

+_Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Dung-pot=. A dung-cart (D.); rarely ~Dum-put~. See ~Pot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dup=. 'To dup the door,' to open or unfasten it (_Lansd. MS._

+1033).--Obsolete. Cf. :--

+

+    'Then up he rose, and donn'd his clothes,

+    And dupp'd the chamber-door.'--_Hamlet_, iv. 5.

+

+The word now means the very reverse.

+

+=Dutch Elder=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--S.W. (Farley,

+&c.)

+

+=Duther=, =Dutter=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+

+=Ea-grass=. After-grass (D.); Lammas grass as well as aftermath.--S.W.

+

+=Eass= (sometimes =Yees=). An earthworm.--S.W.

+

+*=Edge-growed=. Of barley, both growing and ripening irregularly; the

+result of a want of rain after it is first sown (D.).

+

+=Eel-scrade=. A kind of eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+    'A trap used to catch eels, placed near a weir. The water is

+    turned into the scrade when high, and the fish washed up to

+    a stage through which the water finds an outlet, the fish,

+    however, being retained on the platform by a piece of sloping

+    iron.'--F. M. WILLIS.

+

+=Eel-sticher=. An eel-spear.--S.W.

+

+    'Wishing to secure [a Little Grebe] in summer plumage, I asked

+    the old "drowner" in our meadows to look out for one for

+    me--and this he very soon did, fishing one out from under the

+    water between the spikes of his eel-sticher, as it was diving

+    under the water.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 193.

+

+=Effet=, =Evet=. _Lissotriton punctatus_, the Newt (A.S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'She ... sometimes peered under the sage-bush to look at the

+    "effets" that hid there.'--_Great Estate_, ii.

+

+=Eggs-and-Bacon=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Cf.

+~Bacon-and-Eggs~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Eggs-eggs=. Fruit of the hawthorn.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+*=Elet=. Fuel (H.Wr.). *~Ollit~ (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Elm=, =Helm=, or =Yelm=. (1) _v._ To make up 'elms.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Two or three women are busy "yelming," i.e. separating the

+    straw, selecting the longest and laying it level and parallel,

+    damping it with water, and preparing it for the yokes.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. vi.

+

+(2) _n._ (Almost invariably pl.,'elms' being the usual form). Small

+bundles or handfuls of fresh straw, damped and laid out straight for

+the thatcher's use (_Wild Life_, ch. vi). See _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 111. According to Prof. Skeat _yelm_, seldom now

+used in Wilts, is the correct form, from A.S. _gilm_, a handful.

+About Marlborough it is usually pronounced as _Yelms_, but at Clyffe

+Pypard there is not the slightest sound of _y_ in it. Elsewhere it is

+frequently pronounced as _Ellums_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eltrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (S.). *~Altrot~ at

+Zeals.--S.W.

+

+=Emmet=. The Ant (S.). 'Ant' is never used in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Emmet-heap=. An anthill.--N. & S.W.

+

+=En=. (1) _pl. termination_, as ~Housen~, houses; ~Hipsen~,

+rose-berries; ~Keyn~, keys; ~Facen~, faces; ~Wenchen~, girls;

+~Bluen~, blossoms; ~Naas'n~, nests (rarely heard, _Nestises_ being

+the usual form); ~Pigs'-sousen~, pigs'-ears.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In North Wilts ... the formation of the Plural by affixing

+    _en_ to the Noun is almost universal, as house housen,

+    &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(2) _adj. term._, as ~Harnen~, made of horn; ~Stwonen~, of stone;

+~Elmin~, of elm wood, &c. '~Boughten~ bread,' baker's bread, as

+opposed to home-made. 'A ~dirten~ floor,' a floor made of earth,

+beaten hard. 'A ~tinnin~ pot.' 'A ~glassen~ cup.' ~Boarden~, made of

+boards; ~Treen-dishes~, wooden platters, &c. 'There's some volk as

+thinks to go droo life in glassen slippers.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Almost as universal too is the transformation of the

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as ... a

+    Leatheren Shoe, an elmen Board, &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) See ~Pronouns~.

+

+    'The pronoun Possessive too is formed in the same way, as hisn

+    hern Ourn theirn.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=English Parrot=. _Picus viridis_, the Green Woodpecker (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 251).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Ether=, =Edder=. The top-band of a fence, the wands of hazel, &c.,

+woven in along the top of a 'dead hedge,' or wattled fence, to keep

+it compact (A.B.). A 'stake and ether' fence. A.S. _edor_.--N.W.

+

+    'Mughall [Midghall] had nothing to doe withought [without]

+    the Eyther [hedge] between Bradene Lane and Shropshire

+    Marsh.'--1602, MS., _Perambulation of the Great Park of

+    Fasterne, N.W._, in Devizes Museum.

+

+    'An eldern stake and blackthorn ether

+    Will make a hedge to last for ever.'--_Wilts Saying_ (A.).

+

+=Eve=. See ~Heave~.

+

+=Even-ash=. Ash-leaves with an equal number of leaflets, carried by

+children in the afternoon of the 29th May (_Wild Life_, ch. v). See

+~Shitsac~.--N.W.

+

+=Evet=. See ~Effet~.

+

+=Ex=, pl. =Exes=. An axle (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eyles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+

+=F=. (1) _F_ for _th_. Examples :.--_Fust_, thirst; _afust_, athirst.

+An old characteristic of the Western and South-Western groups of

+dialect. (2) F, at the beginning of a word, is frequently sounded as

+_v_, as fall, _vall_; flick, _vlick_; font, _vant_.

+

+=Fadge=. See ~Fodge~.

+

+=Fag=. See ~Vag~.

+

+=Faggot=, =Fakket=. (1) A woman of bad character is 'a nasty stinking

+faggot (or vaggot).' Often used in a milder sense, as 'You young

+vaggot! [you bad girl] what be slapping the baby vor?'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Damn you vor a gay wench, vor that's what you be, an' no

+    mistake about it; a vaggot as I wun't hae in _my_ house no

+    longer.'--_Dark_, ch. xii.

+

+(2) A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning, covered with

+'flare': also known as ~Bake-faggot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tripe an mince meat,

+    Vaggots an pigs veet,

+    An blackpuddins stale, on which to regale.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 26.

+

+=Falarie=. Disturbance, excitement, commotion.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Look'ee here, there 've bin a fine falarie about you, Zur."

+    He meant that there had been much excitement when it was

+    found that Bevis was not in the garden, and was nowhere to be

+    found.'--_Wood Magic_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Used about Wilton, but not so extensively as its synonym

+    _rumpus_.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Fall about=. _v._ Of a woman: to be confined. 'His wife bin an' fell

+about laas' night.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Fall down=. Of arable land: to be allowed to relapse of itself into

+poor rough pasture.--N.W.

+

+    'Some of the land is getting "turnip-sick," the roots come

+    stringy and small and useless, so that many let it "vall

+    down."'--_Great Estate_, ch. i. p. 6.

+

+=Falling=. _n._ A downfall of snow. 'I thenks we shall have some

+vallen soon.' Only used of snow.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Falling-post=. The front upright timber of a gate. Occasionally

+heard at Huish; ~Head~, however, being the more usual term

+there.--N.W.

+

+=Falsify=. Of seeds, young trees, &c.: to fail, to come to

+nought.--N.W.

+

+=Fancy man=. A married woman's lover. 'He be Bill's wife's fancy man,

+that's what _he_ do be.'--N.W.

+

+*=Fang=. To strangle; to bind a wounded limb so tightly as to stop

+the flow of blood (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Fantag=, =Fanteague=, &c. (1) _n._ Fluster, fuss. ~Fantaig~

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (2) Vagaries or larks, as 'Now, none o' your

+fantaigs here!' At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., 'a regular fantaig' would be

+a flighty flirting lad or girl, a 'wondermenting or gammotty sort of

+a chap.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Fardingale=. A quarter of an acre (H.Wr. _Lansd. MS._). The old

+form is _Farding-deal_ (Wr.). Compare _Thurindale_, &c.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm, to the same Thomas & Nicholas Lea for theire helpe

+    to laye the Acres into ffarendells.'--_Records of Chippenham_,

+    p. 202.

+

+    '1649. Twoe ffarthendels of grasse.'--_Ibid._ p. 217.

+

+=Farewell Summer=. The Michaelmas Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Fashion=. The farcey, a disease in horses (A.H.Wr.). Fr.

+_farcin_.--N.W.

+

+    'An old Wiltshire farmer, when his grand-daughters appeared

+    before him with any new piece of finery, would ask what it all

+    meant. The girls would reply, "_fashion_, gran'váther!" when

+    the old man would rejoin, "Ha! many a good horse has died o'

+    th' fashion!"'--_Akerman._

+

+=Favour=. To resemble in features, &c. 'He doesn't favour you,

+Sir.... He is his mother's own boy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Featish=. Fair, tolerable (A.B.). Used of health, crops, &c. 'How be

+'e ?' 'Featish, thank 'e.'--'There's a featish crop o' grass yander!'

+(A.). M.E. _fetis_ (in Chaucer), O.F. fetis, _faitis_.--N.W.

+

+    'The worthy farmer proceeded to ask how the children got on

+    at the Sunday-school. "Oh, featish, zur ... Sally, yander ...

+    her's gettin' on oonderful."'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 139-140.

+

+    '"How's your voice?" "Aw, featish [fairish]. I zucked a

+    thrush's egg to clear un."'--_Greene Ferns Farm_, ch. i.

+

+    '"Ees, this be featish tackle," meaning the liquor was

+    good.'--_Ibid._ ch. vii.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+*=Fern Buttercup=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., Silverweed.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Fess=. (1) Of animals: bad-tempered, fierce. A cat with its back up

+looks 'ter'ble fess.'--N. & S.W. (2) Cocky, impudent, confident. Also

+used in Hants.--S.W., occasionally. (3) Proud, stuck-up (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fet=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Fevertory=. _Fumaria_, Fumitory, from which a cosmetic for removing

+freckles used to be distilled.--S.W.

+

+    'If you wish to be pure and holy,

+    Wash your face with fevertory.'--_Local Rhyme._

+

+=Few=. 'A goodish few,' or 'a main few,' a considerable quantity or

+number.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I ferrets a goodish few rabbits on bright nights in

+    winter.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii.

+

+=Fiddle-strings=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf, when pulled out. See

+~Cat-gut~.--N.W.

+

+*=Field=. The space, or bay, between beam and beam in a barn, as 'a

+barn of four fields.' (D.).

+

+=Figged= (_two syll._), =Figgedy=, =Figgetty=, =Figgy=. (1) Made with

+a few 'figs,' or raisins, as 'viggy pudden.' Figged Pudding, Plum

+pudding (_Monthly Mag._, 1814). Figgetty Pooden (S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+~Figged.~ Spotted all over, as a pudding is with plums.--S.W. A

+true-born Moon-raker, describing his first night in 'Lunnon,' where

+he made the acquaintance of numerous members of the 'Norfolk-Howard'

+family (_Cimex lectularius_), spoke of his face as being 'vigged aal

+auver wi' spots an' bumps afore marning.'

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Plantago media_, L., and other Plantains. Children

+'fight' them, head against head.--N.W.

+

+=Filtry=. Rubbish. 'Ther's a lot o' filtry about this house.'--N.W.

+

+=Fine=. Of potatoes, very small.--N.W.

+

+=Fingers-and-Thumbs=. Blossoms of _Ulex Europaeus_, L., Common Furze

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Fire-deal=. A good deal (H.Wr.).

+

+=Fire-new=, =Vire-new=. Quite new (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Firk=. (1) To worry mentally, to be anxious; as 'Don't firk so,' or

+'Don't firk yourself.' A cat does not _firk_ a mouse when 'playing'

+with it, but the mouse _firks_ grievously.--N.W. (Marlborough). (2)

+To be officiously busy or inquisitive, as 'I can't abear that there

+chap a-comin' firkin' about here.' A policeman getting up a case

+_firks about_ the place, ferreting out all the evidence he can.--N.W.

+

+*=Fitten=. A pretence (A.B.).--Obsolete. Compare:

+

+    'He doth feed you with fittons, figments, and

+    leasings.'--_Cynthia's Revels._

+

+=Fitty=. In good health. 'How be 'ee?' 'Ter'ble fitty.'--N.W.

+

+*=Flabber-gaster=. _n._ Idle talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flag=. The blade of wheat.--N.W.

+

+    'The wheat was then showing a beautiful flag.... The flag is

+    the long narrow green leaf of the wheat.'--_Great Estate_, ch.

+    i. p. 8.

+

+=Flake=. _n._ (1) A frame, barred with ash or willow spars, somewhat

+resembling a light gate, used as a hurdle where extra strength is

+needed (_Bevis_, ch. xii; _Wild Life_, ch. iv). 'Flake' hurdles

+are used to divide a field, or for cattle, the ordinary sheep

+hurdles being too weak for the purpose.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make

+'flakes.'--N.W.

+

+=Flamtag=. A slatternly woman.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Flare=. (1) The flick, or internal fat of a pig, before it is melted

+down to make lard.--N. & S.W. (2) The caul, or thin skin of the

+intestines of animals, used for covering 'bake-faggots,' &c.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Fleck=. See ~Flick~.

+

+=Flews=. A sluice is occasionally so called. See ~Flowse~.--S.W.

+

+=Flewy=. Of a horse, troubled with looseness. 'He's what we calls a

+flewy 'oss, can't kip nothing in 'im.' Cf. North of Eng. _Flewish_,

+morally or physically weak. In Hants a horse of weakly constitution

+is said to be _flue_ or _fluey_ (Cope).--N.W.

+

+=Flick=, =Fleck=. (1) _n._ The internal fat of a pig (A.B.C.S.).--N.

+& S.W. *(2) _v._ To flare (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flig-me-jig=. A girl of doubtful character. 'Her's a reg'lar

+flig-me-jig.'--N.W.

+

+=Flirk=. To flip anything about (H.Wr.), as a duster in flicking a

+speck of dust off a table (_Village Miners_). Flirt is the S. Wilts

+form of the word.--N.W.

+

+*=Flitch=. (1) Pert, lively, officious (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+    'Right flygge and mery.' _Paston Letters_, iv. 412.

+

+*(2) To be _flick_ or _flitch_ with any one, to be familiar or

+intimate (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Flitmouse=. The bat. A shortened form of _Flittermouse_.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Flitters=. Pieces. A cup falls, and is broken 'aal to

+vlitters.'--N.W.

+

+*=Floating= or =Flowing meadow=. A meadow laid up in ridges with

+water-carriages on each ridge and drains between (D.). A lowland

+meadow watered from a river, as opposed to Catch-meadow (_Annals of

+Agric._). ~Floted meadowes~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.).

+

+=Flod=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Flop-a-dock=. _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Floppetty=. _adj._ Of a woman, untidy, slatternly in dress or

+person. ~Flopperty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flowing Meadows=. See ~Floating Meadows~.

+

+=Flowse=. (1) _v. act._ You 'flowse,' or splash, the water over you

+in a bath.--N. & S.W. (2) _v. neut._ Water is said to be 'flowsing

+down' when rushing very strongly through a mill hatch. A horse likes

+to 'flowse about' in a pond.--S.W. (3) _n._ The rush of water through

+a hatch.--S.W. (4) _n._ Occasionally also applied to the narrow

+walled channel between the hatch gate and the pool below.--S.W.

+

+=Flucksey=. _adj._ 'A flucksey old hen,' i.e. a hen who makes a

+great fuss over her chickens.--S.W. (Bishopstrow, &c.) Cope's _Hants

+Glossary_ has:--'_Flucks_, to peck in anger like a hen.'

+

+=Flump=. 'To come down flump, like a twoad from roost,' to fall

+heavily (A.B.S.); also used alone as a verb, as 'Her vlumped down in

+thic chair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flunk=. A spark of fire; probably a form of ~Blink~, q.v. ~Vlonker~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flush=. *(1) _n._ Of grass, a strong and abundant growth (_Agric.

+of Wilts_, ch. xii). (2) _adj._ Of grass, &c., luxuriant.--N.W. (3)

+_adj._ Of young birds, fledged (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flustrated=. (1) Taken aback, flustered.--N.W.

+

+    'A didn't zay anything ... but a looked a leetle flustrated

+    like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 119.

+

+(2) Tipsy.--N.W.

+

+=Fluttery=. Of weather, catchy, uncertain, showery. ''T ull be a main

+fluttery hay-making to-year, I warnd.'--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Fodder=. A labourer 'fodders' his boots--stuffs soft hay into them

+to fill up, when they are too large for him (_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Fodge= (rarely =Fadge=). In packing fleeces of wool, when the

+quantity is too small to make up a full 'bag' of 240 lbs., the ends

+of the bag are gathered together as required, and the sides skewered

+over them, thus forming the small package known as a 'fodge.'--N.W.

+

+=Fog=. _v._ To give fodder to cattle. Cf. Welsh _ffwg_, dry

+grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '_Fogging_, the giving of fodder ... from a Middle English root

+    ... is common in Mid-Wilts.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+=Fog off=. To damp off, as cuttings often do in a greenhouse.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Fogger=. A man who attends to the cows and takes them their fodder

+morning and evening (_My Old Village_, &c.). A groom or man-servant

+(H.Wr.), the duties of groom and fogger being usually discharged by

+the same man on farms about Marlborough.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Foldsail=, =Fossel=. A fold-shore (D.). See ~Sails~.--N.W.

+

+    'A fold stake, locally called a "fossle."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+    xxi. 132.

+

+    'The "fossels" means the _fold-shores_, or the _stakes_ to

+    which the hurdles are shored up, and fastened with a loose twig

+    wreath at the top.'--_Ibid._ xvii. 304.

+

+=Fold-shore=. A stake pitched to support a hurdle (D.H.).--S.W.

+

+=Follow or Follow on=. To continue.--N.W.

+

+    'If you do want a good crop, you must _follow on_ a hoeing

+    o' the ground; but you can't do no hoeing so long as it do

+    _follow_ raining.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Folly=. A circular plantation of trees on a hill, as 'Harnham

+Folly,' or 'The Long Folly' on Compton Down. This seems quite

+distinct from its more general use as applied to a tower or other

+building which is too pretentious or costly for its builder's

+position and means.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Every hill seems to have a Folly," she said, looking round.

+    "I mean a clump of trees on the top."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_,

+    ch. vi.

+

+*=Foot-cock=. The small cock into which hay is first put (D.).

+

+=Footy=. Paltry (A.B.), as a present not so large as was expected

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=For=. Often affixed to the verbs _say_ and _think_. ''Tean't the

+same as you said for'; 'I bean't as old as you thinks for.'--N.W.

+

+=Fore-eyed=. Fore-seeing, apt to look far ahead (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fore-spur=. A fore-leg of pork (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Forefeed=, =Vorfeed=. To turn cattle out in spring into a pasture

+which is afterwards to be laid up for hay.--N.W.

+

+=Foreright=, =Vorright=. (1) _adj._ Headstrong, self-willed. 'He's

+that vorright there's no telling he anything.'--N. & S.W. (2) _adj._

+Blunt, rude, candid.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) (3) Just opposite. 'The

+geat's vorright thuck shard.'--N.W.

+

+*=Forel=. The actual cover of a book, not the material in which it is

+bound. This is the usual term in Som. Old Fr. _fourrel_, a sheath,

+case.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Fork=. The apparatus used by thatchers for carrying the elms up to

+the roof.--N.W.

+

+=Forester=. (1) A New Forest horse-fly.--S.W. (2) Any very tall

+thistle growing among underwood.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+*=Fossel=. See ~Foldsail~.

+

+=Fot=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Frame= A skeleton. 'Her's nothing in the world but a frame.'--N.W.

+

+*=Frea=, =Fry=. To make a brushwood drain (D.).

+

+=Freglam=. Odds and ends of cold vegetables, fried up with a little

+bacon to give a relish. Compare Lanc. _Braughwham_, cheese, eggs,

+clap-bread, and butter, all boiled together.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=French Grass=. _Onobrychis sativa_, L., Sainfoin.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Fresh liquor=. Unsalted hog's-fat (A).--N.W.

+

+=Frickle=, =Friggle=. (1) To potter about at little jobs, such as an

+old man can do. 'I bain't up to a day's work now; I can't do nothing

+but frickle about in my garne.'--N. & S.W. (2) To fidget, to worry

+about a thing.--N.W.

+

+    'He freggled [fidgetted] hisself auver thuck paason as come a

+    bit ago.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+=Frickling=, =Friggling=. _adj._ Tiresome, involving much minute

+attention or labour. Used of fiddling little jobs.--N.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _n._ A worrying little piece of work. 'I be so caddled

+wi' aal these yer friggles, I caan't hardly vind time vor a bit o'

+vittles.' See ~Frickle~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Frith=. (1) _n._ 'Quick,' or young whitethorn for planting

+hedges.--N.W. *(2) _n._ Thorns or brush underwood (D).--N.W.

+

+    '1605. Itm to James Smalwood for an Acre & halfe of

+    hedginge frith out of Heywood.... Item for felling the same

+    frith.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 194.

+

+(3) _v._ To make a brushwood drain, as opposed to ~Grip~, q.v. (D).

+

+=Froar=. Frozen (A.B.S.); generally ~Vroar~ or ~Vrŏr~ in N.

+Wilts, but the usual form at Wroughton, N.W., is ~Froren~. A.S.

+_gefroren_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Frog-dubbing=. Boys throw a frog into a shallow pool, and then 'dub'

+or pelt it, as it tries to escape. See ~Dub~.--S.W.

+

+=Froom=. See ~Frum~.

+

+=Frout=. Of animals: to take fright. 'My horse frouted and run

+away.'--S.W.

+

+=Frouten=, =Froughten=. To frighten (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Frow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+=Frum=, =Froom=. Of vegetables, grass, &c.: fresh and juicy (A.B.);

+strong-growing or rank. A.S. _from_, vigorous, strong.--N.W.

+

+*=Fry=. (1) _n._ A brushwood drain (H.Wr.). See ~Frith~ (3).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To make a brushwood drain (D.). Also ~Frea~ and ~Frith~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+    '1790. For 234 Lugg Hollow frying in Englands

+    2.18.6.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 248.

+

+=Fullmare=. _n._ In my childhood I remember being told more than

+once by servants at Morden, near Swindon, N.W., that a colt which

+was playing about in a field near was 'a fullmare.' Could this

+possibly have been a survival of the old word '_Folymare_, a young

+foal,' which is given by Halliwell and Wright as occurring in a

+fifteenth-century MS. at Jesus College, Oxford? I have never heard

+the word elsewhere.--_G. E. D._

+

+=Fur=. _n._ The calcareous sediment in a kettle, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Furlong= (pronounced ~Vurlin~). The strip of newly-ploughed land

+lying between two main furrows.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Fur up=. Water-pipes, kettles, &c., when coated inside with 'rock,'

+or the calcareous sediment of hard water, are said to 'fur up,' or to

+be 'furred up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Furze-hawker=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear.--N.W.

+

+*=Furze Robin=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 150).--N.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+=Fuzz-ball=. _Lycoperdon Bovista_, L., Puffball.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=Gaa-oot!= See ~Horses~ (A.).

+

+=Gaam=. (1) _v._ To smear or bedaub with anything sticky. ~Gaamze~

+(_Village Miners_). (2) _n._ A sticky mass of anything. See

+~Gam~.--N. & S.W. Many years ago, at a Yeomanry ball in a certain

+town in N. Wilts, the Mayor, who had done his duty manfully up to

+then, stopped short in the middle of a dance, and mopping his face

+vigorously, gasped out to his astonished partner, a lady of high

+position, 'Well, I don't know how _you_ be, Marm, but _I_ be ael of a

+gaam o' zweat!'--N.W.

+

+=Gaamy=, =Gammy=. Daubed with grease, &c., sticky. In Hal. and Wr.

+'~Gaam~, _adj._ sticky, clammy,' is apparently an error, _gaamy_

+being probably intended.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapsey=. _n._ A sight to be stared at. See ~Gapps~.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapus=. _n._ A fool, a stupid fellow. 'What be at, ye girt

+gaapus!'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gabborn=. Of rooms or houses, comfortless, bare (B.C.). ~Gabbern~

+(A.H.) and ~Gabern~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 78). This term

+always denotes largeness without convenience or comfort (_Cunnington

+MS._).--N.W. ~Gabberny~ on Berks bord.

+

+*=Gage-ring=. An engagement ring (_Great Estate_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Galley-bagger=. A scarecrow (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=Galley-crow=. A scarecrow (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Maester," said the child, "wull 'e let m' chainge hats wi'

+    thuck galley-crow yander?" ... pointing to a scarecrow at the

+    other end of the garden.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 103.

+

+=Gallivant=. To be gadding about on a spree with a companion of the

+opposite sex (S.): to run after the girls, or 'chaps,' as the case

+may be.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gallow=. See ~Gally~.

+

+=Gallows= (pronounced _Gallus_). *(1) A pair of braces. (2)

+Exceedingly. Used with any adjective; as 'Gallus dear,' very

+expensive (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 75).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A gallus bad wench her be!'--_Dark_, ch. xviii.

+

+*(3) 'He's a gallus chap,' i.e. plucky.

+

+=Gallows-gate=. A light gate, consisting only of a hinged style,

+top-rail, and one strut.--N.W.

+

+=Gallus=. See ~Gallows~.--N.W.

+

+=Gally=, =Gallow=. To frighten or terrify. ~Gallow~ (B.H., _Lansd.

+MS._), ~Gally~ (A.B.S.), Pret. _gallered_, astonished, frightened

+(A.B.C.S.) 'He gallered I amwost into vits.' Still in use about

+Marlborough and in S.W. From M.E. _galwen_; A.S. _agælwan_, to

+stupefy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The wrathful skies

+    Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.'--_Lear_, iii. 2.

+

+The word is still commonly used in the whale-fishery:--

+

+    'Young bulls ... are ... easily "gallied," that is,

+    frightened.'--MARRYAT, _Poor Jack_, ch. vi.

+

+=Gam=. A sticky mass, as 'all in a gam.' See ~Gaam~ (2).--N. & S.W.

+In S. Wilts the _a_ in this word and its derivatives is usually

+short, while in N. Wilts it is broad in sound.

+

+=Gambrel=. The piece of wood or iron used by butchers for extending

+or hanging a carcase (A.). ~Gamel~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamel=. See ~Gambrel~.

+

+=Gammer=. A woodlouse.--S.W.

+

+=Gammet=, =Gamut=. (1) _n._ Fun, frolicsome tricks. 'You be vull o'

+gamuts.'--N.W. (2) _v._ To frolic, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~

+and ~Gannick~. 'Thee bist allus a gammetting.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To play

+off practical jokes; to take in any one.--N.W.

+

+=Gammock=. _v._ To lark about, to play the fool, to frolic. See

+~Gannick~ and ~Gammet~.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Gammotty=, =Gammutty=. (1) _adj._ Frolicsome, larky. See

+~Gammet~.--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of cheese, ill-flavoured. See

+~Cammocky~.--N.W.

+

+=Gammy=. (1) Sticky. See ~Gaamy~.--S.W. (2) Lame, crippled, having a

+'game leg.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamut=. See ~Gammet~.

+

+=Gander-flanking, To go=. To go off larking or 'wondermenting.'

+Perhaps a corruption of _gallivanting_.--S.W. (Upton Scudamore.)

+

+=Gandigoslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. Compare

+_Gandergosses_ in _Gerarde_ (_Appendix_), and _Candle-gostes_

+in _Folk-Etymology_. Also see ~Dandy-goslings~, ~Dandy-goshen~,

+~Goosey-ganders~, ~Goslings~, ~Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander~, and

+~Granfer-goslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Gannick=. To lark about, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~.--S.W.

+(Warminster, &c.)

+

+=Gapps=, =Gaapsey=. To gape or stare at anything. 'Thee'st allus a

+gaapsin' about.'--N.W.

+

+=Garley-gut=. A gluttonous person. Perhaps connected with _gorle_, to

+devour eagerly (see Halliwell).

+

+    '"Let's go to bed," says Heavy-Head,

+    "Let's bide a bit," says Sloth,

+    "Put on the pot," says Garley-gut,

+    "We'll sup afore we g'auf" [go off].'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+=Gashly=. See ~Ghastly~.

+

+=Gate=. _n._ Excitement, 'taking.' 'Her wur in a vine gate

+wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Gatfer=. See ~Gotfer~.

+

+=Gauge-brick=. A brick which shows by its change of colour when the

+oven is hot enough for baking. Cf. ~Warning-stone~.--N.W.

+

+    'She knew when the oven was hot enough by the gauge-brick:

+    this particular brick as the heat increased became spotted

+    with white, and when it had turned quite white the oven was

+    ready.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152.

+

+=Gawl-cup=. See ~Gold-cup~.

+

+=Gawney=. A simpleton (A.H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Leave m' 'lone y' great gawney!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Gay=. Of wheat, rank in the blade (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Gee=, =Jee=. To agree, to work well together (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Genow=. See ~Go-now~.

+

+*=Gentlemen's-and-ladies'-fingers=. _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint. Cf. ~Lady's-Finger~ (2).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Ghastly= (pronounced Gashly). This word is used in many ways, as

+'Thick hedge wur gashly high, but it be ter'ble improved now.'--N.W.

+(Huish.) At Etchilhampton, N.W., a 'gashly ditch' is one that is cut

+too wide.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. Cf. ~Chipples~ and

+~Cribbles~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gicksey=. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Giggley=. See ~Goggley~.

+

+=Gigletting=. _adj._ Fond of rough romping; wanton. Used only of

+females. 'Dwoan't ha' no truck wi' thuck there giglettin' wench o'

+his'n.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Gilcup=. Buttercups in general; occasionally restricted to _R.

+Ficaria_. Cf. ~Gold-cup~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gill=. A low four-wheeled timber-carriage (_Cycl. of Agric._).

+

+*=Gilty-cup=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Gin-and-Water Market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Some towns have only what is called a "gin-and-water" market:

+    that is, the "deal" is begun and concluded from small samples

+    carried in the pocket and examined at an inn over a glass of

+    spirits and water.'--_The Toilers of the Field_, p. 28.

+

+=Gipsy=. Carnation grass, _Carex panicea_, L., because it turns so

+brown.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gipsy-rose=. _Scabiosa atropurpurea_, L., the Garden Scabious.--N.W.

+

+=Girls=. The short-pistilled or 'thrum-eyed' blossoms of the

+Primrose, _Primula vulgaris_, L. See ~Boys~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gix=, =Gicksey=, &c. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Glory-hole=. A place for rubbish or odds and ends, as a housemaid's

+cupboard, or a lumber room.--N.W.

+

+    'This has nothing to do with Lat. _gloria_, but is connected

+    with M.E. _glorien_, to befoul (_Prompt. Parv._). Compare Prov.

+    Eng. _glorry_, greasy, fat. Thus _glory-hole_=a dirty, untidy

+    nook. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 145.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Glox=. This is given by most authorities as a noun, and defined as

+'the sound of liquids when shaken in a barrel' (A.B.H.Wr.); but it

+is really a verb, and refers to the motion and peculiar gurgling of

+liquids against the side of a barrel or vessel that is not quite full

+(C.). In Hants _gloxing_ is the noise made by falling, gurgling water

+(Cope). Cf. ~Lottle~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Fill the Barrel full, John, or else it will glox in

+    Carriage.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=Glutch=. To swallow (A.B.C.S.). According to _Cunnington MS_, the

+use of _glutch_ implies that there is some difficulty in swallowing,

+while _quilt_ is to swallow naturally.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Glutcher=. The throat (S.). See ~Glutch~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Gnaa-post=. A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Gnaing=. To mock, to insult (S.). Also used in West of England and

+Sussex.--S.W.

+

+=Goat-weed=. _Polygonum Convolvulus_, L., Black Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Gob=. (1) _n._ Much chatter (S.).--S.W. (2) _v._ To talk.--S.W.

+

+*=Goche=. A pitcher (H.Wr.). Perhaps a mistake, as Morton (_Cycl. of

+Agric._) gives _gotch_ under Norfolk.

+

+=Gog=, =Goggmire=. A swamp or quagmire. Cf. ~Quavin-gog~. 'I be all

+in a goggmire,' in a regular fix or dilemma.--N.W.

+

+    'In Minty Common ... is a boggie place, called the _Gogges_....

+    _Footnote_. Perhaps a corruption of _quag_, itself a

+    corruption of _quake_. "I be all in a goggmire" is a North

+    Wilts phrase for being in what appears an inextricable

+    difficulty.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 271.

+

+=Goggle=. (1) _n._ A snail-shell. Cf. E. _cockle_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+    '=Guggles=, the empty shells of snails--not the large brown

+    kind, but those of various colours.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+(2) _v._ 'To go goggling,' to collect snail-shells (_Springtide_,

+p. 89).--N.W. (3) _v._ To shake or tremble, as a table with one leg

+shorter than the others. 'I do trembly an' goggly ael day.'--N. &

+S.W. (4) _n._ 'All of a goggle,' shaking all over, especially from

+physical weakness. 'How are you to-day, Sally?' 'Lor', Zur! I be aal

+of a goggle.' 'What on earth do you mean?' 'Why, I be zo ter'ble

+giggly, I can't scarce kip my lags nohow.'--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Goggles=. A disease in sheep (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xiv).--N.W.

+(Castle Eaton.)

+

+=Goggly=. Unsteady, shaky. Sometimes ~Giggly~ is used, as in example

+given under ~Goggle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goggmire=. See ~Gog~.

+

+=Gold=. Nodules of iron pyrites in chalk.--N.W. Heard once or twice,

+near Clyffe Pypard, years ago.--G. E. D.

+

+    'On past the steep wall of an ancient chalk-quarry, where the

+    ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts and

+    "gold," for when broken the radial metallic fibres glisten

+    yellow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Gold-cup= (pronounced _Gawl-cup_). The various forms of Buttercup.

+Cf. ~Gilcup~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Golden Chain=. (1) Laburnum (S.). The general name for it

+in Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow

+Vetchling.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Goldlock=. _Sinapis arvensis_, L., Charlock.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Go-now=, =Genow=, =Good-now=. Used as an expletive, or an address

+to a person (S.). 'What do 'ee thenk o' that, genow!' Also used in

+Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gooding Day=. St. Thomas' Day, when children go 'gooding,' or asking

+for Christmas boxes.--N.W.

+

+*=Good Neighbour=. Jefferies (_Village Miners_) speaks of a weed

+called by this name, but does not identify it. See below.

+

+=Good Neighbourhood=. (1) _Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus_, L., Good

+King Henry.--N.W. (Devizes.) (2) _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian (_English Plant Names_).--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Good-now=. See ~Go-now~ (S.). Used at Downton, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Gooseberry-pie=. _Valeriana dioica_, L., All-heal.--S.W.

+

+=Goosegog=. A green gooseberry (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosehill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+*=Goosen-chick=. A gosling (Wr.). *~Goosen-chick's vather~. A gander

+(Wr.). Both these words would appear to belong to Som. and Dev.

+rather than Wilts.

+

+=Goosey-gander=. A game played by children (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosey-ganders=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis.--N.W.

+

+*=Gore=. A triangular piece of ground (D.).

+

+=Goslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Goss=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow. Gorse, _Ulex_, is always

+'Fuzz.'--N.W.

+

+=Gossiping=. A christening.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Gotfer=. An old man (H.Wr.). *~Gatfer~ is still in use about

+Malmesbury.--N.W.

+

+=Grab-hook=. A kind of grapnel used for recovering lost buckets from

+a well.

+

+=Graft=. (1) A draining spade.--N.W. (2) The depth of earth dug

+therewith.--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. Dirty (A.H.Wr.); ~Grainted~ (B.); the latter being a

+mispronunciation.--N.W.

+

+=Grains=. The tines of a gardening fork, as 'a four-grained

+prong.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gramfer=. Grandfather (A.B.). ~Granfer~ (S.) and ~Gramp~ are also

+used.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Grammer=. Grandmother (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W. Becoming obsolete.

+

+=Grammered in=. Of dirt, so grained in, that it is almost impossible

+to wash it off. ~Grammered~: Begrimed (H.).--N.W.

+

+*=Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Granfer-goslings=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Granny-jump-out-of-bed=. _Aconitum Napellus_, L., Monks-hood.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. (1) _Anemone nemorosa_, L.,

+Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L.,

+Common Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.) (3) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--N.W. (4) _Convolvulus arvensis_, L., Field Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Grate=. Earth (D.).

+

+*=Grate-board=. The mould-board of a plough (D.).

+

+*=Gratings=. The right of feed in the stubbles (D.). See ~Gretton~.

+

+=Gravel-Path, The=. The Milky Way.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Gray Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, the Great Spotted Woodpecker

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 253). See ~Black Woodpecker~.

+

+=Great axe=. The large English woodman's axe (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Greggles=, or =Greygles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf.

+~Blue Goggles~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gretton=. Stubble (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._) See ~Gratings~.

+

+=Greybeard=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when in

+seed.--N.W.

+

+=Greygles=. See ~Greggles~.

+

+=Griggles=. Small worthless apples remaining on the tree after the

+crop has been gathered in.--N.W.

+

+=Griggling=. Knocking down the 'griggles,' as boys are allowed by

+custom to do.--N.W.

+

+=Grindstone Apple=. The crab-apple; used to sharpen reap-hooks, its

+acid biting into the steel. The 'Grindstone Apple' mentioned in the

+_Eulogy of R. Jefferies_, p. iv. is probably the 'Grindstone Pippin'

+of _Wood Magic_, not the crab.--N.W.

+

+=Grip=, or =Gripe=. (1) To _grip_ wheat is to divide it into bundles

+before making up the sheaves.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A grip of wheat,' the

+handful grasped in reaping (A.). It is _laid down in gripe_ when laid

+ready in handfuls untied (D.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To drain with covered

+turf or stone drains, as opposed to _frith_. To _take up gripe_, is

+to make such drains (D.).--S.W.

+

+=Grist=, =Griz=. To snarl and show the teeth, as an angry dog or man

+(A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Grizzle=. To grumble, complain, whine, cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Grom=. A forked stick used by thatchers for carrying the bundles of

+straw up to the roof (A.B.G.).

+

+*=Gropsing=. 'The gropsing of the evening,' dusk.--Obsolete.

+

+    'Both came unto the sayd Tryvatt's howse in the gropsing of the

+    yevening.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 227.

+

+=Ground=. A field.--N.W.

+

+    'A whirlewind took him up ... and layd him down safe, without

+    any hurt, in the next ground.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_ p.

+    16, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Ground-sill stone=. Quarrymen's term for one of the beds of the

+Portland oolite--useful for bridges, &c., where great strength is

+required (Britton's _Beauties_, vol. iii).

+

+=Ground-rest=. The wood supporting the share, in the old wooden

+plough (D.). _Rest_ is a mistake for _wrest_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Grout=. (1) _v._ To root like a hog.--N.W. (2) _v._ Hence, to

+rummage about.--N.W.

+

+=Grouty=. _adj._ Of the sky, thundery, threatening rain. It looks

+'ter'ble grouty' in summer when thunder clouds are coming up.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Grump=. 'To grump about,' to complain of all sorts of ailments.--N.W.

+

+*=Grupper=. To give up (Wr.). There would appear to be some mistake

+here, as we cannot trace the word elsewhere.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _n._ A filthy place, a foul gutter or drain (A.H.Wr.),

+~Gubborn~ (B.). Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._? Compare

+Devon _gubbings_, offal, refuse.

+

+=Guggles=. See ~Goggles~.

+

+=Guinea-pigs=, =Pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Butchers'-Guinea-Pigs~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Gule=. To sneer or make mouths at (A.). Also used in Hereford.

+

+=Guley=, =Guly=. _adj._ (1) Of sheep, giddy, suffering from a

+disease in the head which affects the brain and causes a kind of

+vertigo.--N.W. (2) Of persons, queer, stupid, or silly-looking.

+Compare _Guled_, bewildered, Berks. After being very drunk

+over-night, a man looks 'ter'ble guley' in the morning.--N.W.

+

+=Gullet-hole=. A large drain-hole through a hedge-bank to carry off

+water.--N.W.

+

+*=Gurgeons=. Coarse flour (A.).

+

+=Gushill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Guss=. (1) _n._ The girth of a saddle (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To

+girth; to tie tightly round the middle. A bundle of hay should be

+'gussed up tight.' A badly dressed fat woman 'looks vor aal the world

+like a zack o' whate a-gussed in wi' a rawp.'--N.W.

+

+=Gustrill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Gutter=. To drain land with open drains (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle=. (1) The filth of a drain (B.). (2) A filthy drain (A.B.).

+~Goosehill~ (Wr.), ~Gushill~ (K.), and ~Gustrill~ (H.Wr.), the latter

+being probably a misprint.--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle-berry=. Gooseberry. Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=H=. It should be noted that the cockney misuse of _H_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. Formerly it was the rarest thing in the

+world to hear a true Wiltshire rustic make such a slip, though the

+townsfolk were by no means blameless in this respect, but now the

+spread of education and the increased facilities of communication

+have tainted even our rural speech with cockneyisms and slang phrases.

+

+=Hack=. (1) _v._ To loosen the earth round potatoes, preparatory

+to earthing them up. This is done with a 'tater-hacker,' an old

+three-grained garden-fork, which by bending down the tines or

+'grains' at right angles to the handle has been converted into

+something resembling a rake, but used as a hoe. In Dorset hoeing is

+called _hacking_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) _n._ The shed in which

+newly-made bricks are set out to dry.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Hacka=. _n._ A nervous hesitation in speaking (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+    'He speaks with so many hacks and hesitations.'--DR. H. MORE.

+

+=Hacker=. (1) _v._ See ~Hakker~. (2) _n._ The instrument used in

+'hacking' potatoes; also known as a ~Tomahawk~.--N.W.

+

+=Hacketty=. See ~Hicketty~.

+

+=Hackle=. *(1) _n._ The mane of a hog (A.H.Wr.). (2) _n._ The straw

+covering of a bee-hive or of the apex of a rick (A.).--N.W. *(3) To

+agree together (A.). (4) To rattle or re-echo.--N.W.

+

+=Hagged=. Haggard, worn out, exhausted-looking. 'He came in quite

+hagged.' 'Her 've a had a lot to contend wi' to-year, and her 's

+hagged to death wi't aal.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hagger=. See ~Hakker~.

+

+=Haggle=. To cut clumsily. See ~Agg~.--N.W.

+

+    'They took out their knives and haggled the skin

+    off.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Hag-rod=. Bewitched, hag-ridden, afflicted with nightmare.

+*~Haig-raig~, bewildered (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hail=. The beard of barley. See ~Aile~, which is the more correct

+form (Smythe-Palmer).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The black knots on the delicate barley straw were beginning to

+    be topped with the hail.'--_Round about a Great Estate_, ch. i.

+    p. 8.

+

+=Hain=, =Hain up=. _v._ To reserve a field of grass for mowing

+(A.B.D.).--N.W. Treated as a noun by Akerman.

+

+    'Three acres of grass ... to be hayned by the farmer at

+    Candlemas and carried by the Vicar at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+=Haito=. A horse; used by mothers and nurses concurrently with

+_Gee-gee_. A contraction of _Hait-wo_, the order to a horse to go to

+the left. _Highty_ is similarly used in N. of England.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hait-wo=. See above.

+

+=Hakker=, =Hacker=. To tremble (S.), as with passion (A.), cold, or

+ague. ~Hagger.~ To chatter with cold (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Half-baked=, or =Half-saved=. Half-witted.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hallantide=. All Saints' Day (B.).

+

+=Hallege=, =Harrige=. _n._ The latter seems to be the original form

+of the word, and is still occasionally heard; but for at least

+seventy years it has been more commonly pronounced as _hallege_,

+_l_ and _r_ having been interchanged. We have met with it at Clyffe

+Pypard, Bromham, Huish, and elsewhere in N. Wilts; but, so far as

+we know, it is not used in S. Wilts. _Havage_=disturbance, which

+the Rev. S. Baring-Gould heard once in Cornwall, and made use of

+in his fine West-Country romance, _John Herring_, ch. xxxix, is

+doubtless a variant of the same word. (1) Of persons, a crowd; also,

+contemptuously, a low rabble. 'Be you a-gwain down to zee what they

+be a-doing at the Veast?' 'No, _I_ bean't a-gwain amang such a

+hallege as that!'--N.W. (2) Of things, confusion, disorder. Were a

+load of _top and lop_, intended to be cut up for firewood, shot down

+clumsily in a yard gateway, it would be said, 'What a hallege you've

+a-got there, blocking up the way!--N.W. (3) Hence, it sometimes

+appears to mean rubbish, as when it is applied to the mess and litter

+of small broken twigs and chips left on the ground after a tree has

+been cut and carried.--N.W. (4) It is also occasionally used of a

+disturbance of some sort, as 'What a hallege!' what a row!--N.W.

+

+=Ham=. (1) A narrow strip of ground by a river, as ~Mill-ham~ (A.D.).

+(2) See Haulm (S.).

+

+=Hames=. Pieces of wood attached to a horse's collar in drawing

+(A.D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hanch= (_a_ broad). Of a cow or bull, to thrust with the horns,

+whether in play or earnest.--N.W.

+

+=Hand=. (1) _n._ Corn has 'a good hand' when it is dry and slippery

+in the sack, 'a bad hand' when it is damp and rough (D.).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To act as a second in a fight.--N.W. (3) _v._ 'To have hands

+with anything,' to have anything to do with it. 'I shan't hae no

+hands wi't.--N.W. See ~Hank~.

+

+=Hand-box=. See ~Box~.

+

+=Hander=. The second to a pugilist (A.). See ~Hand~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Handin'-post=. A sign-post.--N.W.

+

+=Hand-staff=. The part of the 'drashell' which is held in the hand.

+

+=Hand-wrist=. The wrist.--N.W.

+

+=Handy=. Near to, as 'handy home,' 'handy ten o'clock' (A.B.M.S.). 'A

+gied un vower days' work, or handy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hang=. 'To hang up a field,' to take the cattle off it, and give it

+a long rest, so as to freshen up the pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Hang-fair=. A public execution, as 'Hang-fair at 'Vize,' formerly

+treated as a great holiday.--N.W., obsolete. The Pleasure Fair at

+Warminster on August 11 is known as 'Hang-Fair,' perhaps from the

+hanging of two murderers there on that day in 1813. See _Wilts Notes

+and Queries_, i. 40, 139.

+

+=Hang-gallows=. A gallows-bird (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Where's the money I put in th' zack, you hang-gallus?" roared

+    Mr. Twink.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Hanging=. (1) The steep wooded slope of a hill.--N. & S.W. (2) A

+hillside field (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hanging Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.; from the way in

+which it is usually suspended in a cottage window; also known as

+~Strawberry Geranium~, from its strawberry-like runners.--S.W.

+

+=Hanging-post=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it

+is hung to its post. Frequently heard, although ~Har~ is much more

+commonly used.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Hanglers=. The hooks by which pots and kettles are suspended over

+open fireplaces in old cottages and farm-houses. See ~Coglers~.--N.W.

+

+*=Hank=. Dealings with (S.). 'I won't ha' no hank wi' un,' will have

+nothing at all to do with him. Cf. ~Hand~ (3).--S.W.

+

+*=Hants-sheep=, =Hants-horses=. See quotation.

+

+    'They were called [in Wilts] hants sheep; they were a sort of

+    sheep that never shelled their teeth, but always had their

+    lambs-teeth without shedding them, and thrusting out two

+    broader in their room every year.... There were such a sort of

+    horses called hants horses, that always showed themselves to be

+    six years old.'--LISLE'S _Husbandry_, 1757.

+

+=Happer-down=. To come down smartly, to rattle down, as hail, or

+leaves in autumn.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Haps=. (1) _n._ A hasp (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To hasp, to

+fasten up a door or box (A.B.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Har=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung to

+its post. A.S. _heorre_, M.E. _herre_, the hinge of a door. See

+~Head~ and ~Hanging-post~.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+    'We wants some more heads and hars cut out.' Carpenters about

+    Marlborough usually reduce the word to a single letter in

+    making up their accounts, as 'To a new R to Cow-lease gate,

+    &c.'--Rev. C. SOAMES.

+

+=Hardhead=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Harl=. (1) _v._ To thrust a dead rabbit's hind-foot through a slit

+in the other leg, so as to form a loop to hang it up or carry it

+by (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii). _Hardle_ in Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To entangle (C.). _Harl_, knotted (A.S.), is a mistake for

+_harled_.--N. & S.W. (3) _n._ An entanglement (B.C.). 'The thread

+be aal in a harl.' A knot (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.)--N. & S.W. *(4) Of oats, _well-harled_ is well-eared (D).

+

+=Harrige=. See HALLEGE.

+

+*=Harrows=. The longitudinal bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Harvest-trow=. The shrew-mouse (_Wild Life_, ch. ix); ~Harvest-row~

+(A.H.Wr.)--N.W.

+

+*=Hask=. A husky cough to which cows are subject (Lisle's

+_Husbandry_). See HUSK.

+

+=Hatch=. (1) _n._ A 'wallow,' or line of raked-up hay.--N.W. (2) _v._

+'To hatch up,' to rake hay into hatches.--N.W. (3) _n._ A half-door

+(A.B.C.). 'Barn-hatch,' a low board put across the door, over which

+you must step to enter.--N.W.

+

+=Haulm=, =Ham=, =Haam=, =Helm=. A stalk of any vegetable (A.B.),

+especially potatoes and peas.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Haycock=. A much larger heap of hay than a 'foot-cock.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hayes=. A piece of ground enclosed with a live hedge; used as a

+termination, as ~Calf-Hayes~ (D.). A.S. _hege_ (Skeat).

+

+=Hay-home=. See quotation.

+

+    'It was the last day of the hay-harvest--it was "hay-home" that

+    night.'--R. JEFFERIES, _A True Tale of the Wiltshire Labourer_.

+

+=Hay-making=. Grass as it is mown lies in _swathe_ (N. & S.W.); then

+it is _turned_ (S.W.), preparatory to being _tedded_ (N. & S.W.), or

+_spread_; then raked up into lines called _hatches_ (N.W.), which

+may be either _single hatch_ or _double hatch_, and are known in

+some parts as wallows (N.W.); next _spread_ and _hatched up_ again,

+and put up in small _foot-cocks_, _cocks_ (N.W.), or _pooks_ (N. &

+S.W.); finally, after being thrown about again, it is _waked up_

+into _long wakes_ (N.W.), or _rollers_ (S.W.), and if not made

+temporarily into _summer-ricks_ (N.W.), is then carried. No wonder

+that John Burroughs (_Fresh Fields_, p. 55) remarks that in England

+hay 'is usually nearly worn out with handling before they get it into

+the rick.' Almost every part of the county has its own set of terms.

+Thus about Warminster meadow-hay is (1) turned, (2) spread or tedded,

+(3) put in rollers, (4) pooked; while at Clyffe Pypard it is tedded,

+hatched, waked and cocked, and at Huish waked and pooked. _Roller_ is

+pronounced as if it rhymed with _collar_. Hay is 'put in rollers,' or

+'rollered up.'

+

+=Hazon= (_a_ broad). To scold or threaten (A.B.C.H.Wr.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee hazon the child for 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Head=. The front upright timber of a gate. See Har and

+Falling-post.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Headland=. (1) _adj._ Headlong, as to 'fall headland' or

+'neck-headland.'--N.W. (2) The strip where the plough turns at bottom

+and top of a field, which must either be ploughed again at right

+angles to the rest, or dug over with the spade; generally called the

+~Headlong~ by labourers in S. Wilts.

+

+=Headlong=. See ~Headland~.

+

+=Heal=, =Hele=. Of seeds, to cover or earth over (D.); ~Heeld~,

+~Yeeld~ (_Great Estate_, ch. viii). When the ground is dry and hard,

+and the wheat when sown does not sink in and get covered up at once,

+it is said not to _heal well_, and requires harrowing.--N.W.

+

+=Heartless=. 'A heartless day' is a wet day with a strong south-west

+wind.--S.W.

+

+=Heater= (pronounced _Hetter_). A flat iron (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heave=, =Eve=. Of hearthstones, &c., to sweat or become damp on the

+surface in dry weather, a sign of coming change and wet. ~Eave~, to

+sweat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heavy= (pronounced _Heevy_). Of weather, damp. See ~Heave~.--N.W.

+

+=Heaver=. Part of the old-fashioned winnowing tackle.--N.W.

+

+*=He-body=. A woman of masculine appearance.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Hecth=. Height (A.).

+

+=Hedge-carpenter=. A professional maker and repairer of rail fences,

+&c. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-hog=. The prickly seed-vessel of _Ranunculus arvensis_, L.,

+Corn Buttercup (_Great Estate_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-peg=. The fruit of the Sloe, q.v. Cf. ~Eggs-eggs~.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Hedge-pick=, =Hedge-speäk=. See ~Sloe~.--N.W.

+

+=Heeld=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Heft=. (1) _n._ The weight of anything as poised in the hand

+(A.B.C.M.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To weigh or test weight in the hand

+(A.B.), to lift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hele=, =Heel=, =Hill=. (1) To pour out (A.B.H.Wr.), to serve out or

+dispense.--S.W. (2) See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hellocky=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Helm= (1) See ~Elm~. (2) See ~Haulm~.

+

+=Helyer=. A tiler. An old word, but still in use.--N.W.

+

+=Hen-and-Chicken=. (1) _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.--N.W.

+(2) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L., from its mode of growth.--N.W.

+

+=Henge=. See ~Hinge~.

+

+=Hen-hussey=. A meddlesome woman.--N.W.

+

+=Here and there one=. 'I wur mortal bad aal the way [by sea] and as

+sick as here and there one.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Herence=. Hence (A.B.).

+

+=Hereright=. (1) Of time: on the spot, immediately (A.B.), the only

+use in N.W. (2) Of place: this very spot (S.).--S.W. (3) Hence (A.),

+probably a mistake.

+

+=Hesk=. See ~Husk~.

+

+=Het=. 'A main het o' coughing,' a fit of coughing.--S.W.

+

+=Hetter=. See ~Heater~ (S.).

+

+=He-woman=. The same as ~He-body~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Hicketty=. Hacking, as a cough.--S.W. ~Hacketty~.--N.W.

+

+=Hidlock=. 'In hidlock,' in concealment. Akerman, by some mistake,

+treats this as verb instead of noun. 'Her kep' it in hidlock aal this

+time.'--N.W.

+

+=Hike=. To hook or catch. 'I hiked my foot in a root.' See ~Hook~ and

+~Uck~.--N.W.

+

+=Hike off=. To decamp hastily, to slink off (A.B.C.S.); mostly used

+in a bad sense.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hile=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=Hill=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hill-trot=. Apparently a corruption of ~Eltrot~. (1) _Heracleum

+Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. *(2) _Oenanthe crocata_, L., Water

+Hemlock.--S.W. (Charlton and Barford.)

+

+=Hilp=. Fruit of the sloe.--N.W.

+

+=Hilp-wine=. Sloe-wine.--N.W.

+

+=Hilt=. A young sow kept for breeding (A.).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hinge=, =Henge=. The heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig (A.).

+In some parts of S. Wilts used only of the latter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hinted= Harvested, secured in barn (D.). 'Never zeed a better crop

+o' wheat, if so be could be hinted well.' A.S. _hentan_, to seize on,

+to secure.--N.W.

+

+=Hit=. (1) To bear a good crop, to succeed: as 'Th' apples hit well

+t' year.' Treated by Akerman as a noun instead of a verb.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To pour out or throw out. 'You ought to het a quart o' drenk

+into 'ee.' 'Hit it out on the garden patch.'--N.W.

+

+=Hitchland=. See ~Hookland~.

+

+=Hitter=. A cow which is ill and appears likely to die is said to be

+'going off a hitter.'--N.W.

+

+=Hittery=. Of cows: suffering from looseness, ill.--N.W.

+

+=Hobby=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--S.W. (Bishopstone.).

+

+*=Hob-lantern=. Will-o'-the-Wisp (A.B.).

+

+=Hock about=. To treat a thing carelessly; drag it through the mud.

+'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo a-hocken on your new vrock about.'--N.W. The

+usual form in S. Wilts is ~Hack-about~.

+

+=Hocks=. (1) To cut in an unworkmanlike manner (A.). (2) To trample

+earth into a muddy, untidy condition.--N.W.

+

+=Hocksy=, =Hoxy=. Dirty, muddy, miry.--N.W.

+

+    'It's about two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey

+    like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'--_Wilts Tales_,

+    p. 179.

+

+*=Hodmandod=, =Hodmedod=. _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.).

+

+=Hodmedod=. (1) _n._ A snail.--N.W. (Mildenhall.) *(2) Short and

+clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmandod~.

+

+=Ho for=. (1) To provide for. See ~Howed for~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard;

+Malmesbury.) (2) To desire, to long for. 'I did hankeran' ho a'ter

+'ee zo.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Hog=. (1) n. Originally a castrated animal, as a hog pig (D.). (2)

+Now extended to any animal of a year old, as a chilver hog sheep (D.).

+

+    'We have wether hogs, and chilver hogs, and shear hogs ... the

+    word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a

+    hog bull, a chilver hog sheep.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii 303.

+

+    '1580 ... Una ovis vocata a hogge.'--SCROPE'S _History of

+    Castle Combe_.

+

+(3) To cut a mane or hedge short (D.), so that the stumps stick up

+like bristles (_Village Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hogo=. (Fr. _haut goût_). A bad smell (_Monthly Mag._ 1814). Still

+frequently used of tainted meat or strong cheese.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hollardy-day=. The 3rd of May. Apparently a perversion of 'Holy

+Rood Day.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Home, to be called=. To have the banns of marriage published.--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd whoam

+    to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--_Slow._

+

+=Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, occasionally.

+*~Maiden's Honesty~ (Aubrey's Wilts MS.).--N.W.

+

+=Honey-bottle=. (1) Heather. (2) Furze. It is not clear which is

+intended in _Great Estate_, ch. i.

+

+*=Honey-plant=. Some old-fashioned sweet-scented plant, perhaps the

+dark Sweet Scabious, which used to be known as 'Honey-flower' in some

+counties.

+

+    'In the garden, which was full of old-fashioned shrubs

+    and herbs, she watched the bees busy at the sweet-scented

+    "honey-plant."'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+Also see _Reproach of Annesley_, vol. i. p. 119, for Hants use of the

+name:--

+

+    'Sibyl bent over a honey plant encrusted with pink-scented

+    blossoms, about which the bees ... were humming--an

+    old-fashioned cottage plant.'

+

+=Honey-suckle=. (1) _Lamium album_, L., White Dead Nettle, sucked by

+children for its honey.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) Also applied to both

+Red and White Clover, _Trifolium pratense_ and _T. repens._--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hook=. Of a bull, to gore (S.). See ~Uck~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Compare _huck_, to push, lift, gore, Hants; and Prov. _hike_,

+    to toss.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Hookland= (or =Hitchland=) =Field=. A portion of the best land in a

+common field, reserved for vetches, potatoes, &c., instead of lying

+fallow for two years (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii). Parts of some

+fields are still known as ~Hooklands~ in S. Wilts, though the system

+has died out. Sometimes defined as 'land tilled every year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Hoop=. _Pyrrhula vulgaris_, the Bullfinch (A.B.); also ~Red

+Hoop~.--N.W.

+

+=Hoops=, or =Waggon-Hoops=. The woodwork projecting from the sides of

+a waggon so as to form an arch over the hind wheels.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Hooset=. See ~Housset~.

+

+=Hop-about=. An apple dumpling (B.C.), probably from its bobbing

+about in the pot. Cf. ~Apple-bout~.--N.W.

+

+=Hopper=. A grig (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. i).

+

+=Horse-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Horse-Matcher=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 150).

+

+    'Horse-matchers or stonechats also in summer often visit the

+    rick-yard.'--_Wild Life_, ch. x. p. 159.

+

+=Horses=. In N. Wilts the orders given to a plough or team are as

+follows:--to the front horse, _Coom ether_, go to the left, and

+_Wowt_, to the right: to the hinder horse, _Wo-oot_, to the right,

+and _Gie aay_ or _Gie aay oot_, to the left. The orders to oxen are

+somewhat different.

+

+=Horse-shoe=. _Acer Pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore.--S.W. (Barford

+St. Martin.)

+

+*=Horse's-leg=. A bassoon.

+

+=Horse-Snatcher=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 152).--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Horse-stinger=, =Hosstenger=. The Dragon-fly (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hound=. The fore-carriage of a waggon.--N.W.

+

+=House=, =Houst=. To grow stout. 'Lor, ma'am, how you've

+a-housted!'--N.W.

+

+=Housset=, =Hooset=, =Wooset=. (1) _n._ A serenade of rough music,

+got up to express public disapproval of marriages where there is

+great disparity of age, flagrant immorality, &c. See article on _The

+Wooset_ in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88; cp. _N. & Q._ 4 Ser. xi.

+p. 225. In Berks the 'Hooset' is a draped horse's head, carried at a

+'Hooset Hunt.' See Lowsley's _Berks Gloss_.--N.W. (2) _v._ To take

+part in a housset.--N.W.

+

+*=Howe=. _n._ 'To be in a howe,' to be in a state of anxiety about

+anything (C.). See ~Ho for~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Howed-for=. Well provided for, taken care of (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Huckmuck=. (1) A strainer placed before the faucet in brewing

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 173).--N. & S.W. (3) General untidiness and

+confusion, as at a spring-cleaning. A very dirty untidy old woman is

+'a reg'lar huckmuck.'--N.W.

+

+=Hucks=, =Husks=. (1) The chaff of oats (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Grains of wheat which have the chaff still

+adhering to them after threshing, and are only fit for feeding

+poultry.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hud=. (1) _n._ The husk of a walnut, skin of a gooseberry, shell

+of a pea or bean, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To take off the husk of

+certain fruits and vegetables. Beans are _hudded_ and peas _shelled_

+for cooking.--N.W. (3) A finger-stall or finger of a glove (S.). Also

+~Huddick~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (4) A lump or clod of earth.--N.W. Cf.

+~Hut~.

+

+=Huddy=, =Oddy=. Of soil, full of lumps and clods.--N.W.

+

+*=Hudgy=. Clumsy, thick (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Hudmedud=. (1) _n._ A scarecrow (A.). In common use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'Mester Cullum i sends you back your saddell koz its such a

+    cusnashun rum looking hudmedud of a theng that pipl woll no it

+    direckly.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 79.

+

+    '"That nimity-pimity odd-me-dod!"... Little contemptible

+    scarecrow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+*(2) _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmedod~.

+

+=Hullocky!= 'Hullo! look here!' exclamation denoting surprise, or

+calling attention to anything (S.). This is usually pronounced

+_Hellucky_, and is a contraction of 'Here look ye!' Also

+_Yellucks_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Now which way is it?"... "Yellucks," said the boy, meaning

+    "Look here."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+    '"This be the vinest veast ... as ever I zeed....

+    Yellucks!"--as much as to say, Look here, that is my

+    dictum.'--_Ibid._ ch. xi.

+

+=Humbug=. A sweet or lollipop.--N.W.

+

+=Humbuz=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+*=Humdaw=. To speak hesitatingly (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Humming-bird=. _Regulus cristatus_, the Golden-crested Wren.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+    'We always calls 'em humming-birds here, and they are

+    humming-birds!' said the school-children at Huish, in the most

+    decided manner, when cross-examined as to the Gold-crest.

+    Apparently the same use obtains in Devon, as Martin speaks of

+    the 'humming-bird' as occurring in certain localities about

+    Tavistock, which are assigned to the Gold-crest by other

+    writers. See MRS. BRAY'S _Description of Devon_, 1836, vol. ii.

+    p. 146.

+

+*=Hummocksing=. Clumsy, awkward, loutish.

+

+    'She had a lover, but he was "a gurt hummocksing noon-naw" ...

+    a "great loose-jointed idiot."'--_Great Estate_, ch. iv.

+

+=Humstrum=. A home-made fiddle (S.). Sometimes applied also to a

+large kind of Jew's-harp.--S.W.

+

+=Hunch about=. To push or shove about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunder-stones=. Thunder-bolts (Aubrey's _Wilts, Roy. Soc. MS._).

+Probably either belemnites, or else the concretionary nodules of iron

+pyrites, called 'thunder-bolts' by the labourers, are here intended.

+See ~Thunder-stones~.

+

+=Hunked=. See ~Unked~ (A.H.).

+

+=Hurdle-footed=. Club-footed.--S.W.

+

+=Hurdle-shore=. The same as ~Fold-shore~.--S.W.

+

+=Hurkle=. To crowd together, as round the fire in cold weather. An

+old form of _hurtle_.

+

+    '_Hurtelyn_, as too thyngys togedur (al. _hurcolyn_, hurchyn

+    togeder). _Impingo_, _collido_.'--_Prompt. Parv._ c. 1440

+    (SMYTHE-PALMER).

+

+=Husk=, =Hesk=. A disease of the throat, often fatal to calves. See

+~Hask~.--N.W.

+

+=Husks=. See ~Hucks~.

+

+=Hut=. A lump of earth.--N.W. See ~Hud~ (4).

+

+=Hutty=. Lumpy, as ground that does not break up well.--N.W.

+

+=Hyle=, =Hile=, =Aisle=, &c. (1) _n._ A shock or cock of wheat,

+consisting of several sheaves set up together for carrying.

+The number of sheaves was formerly ten, for the tithing man's

+convenience, but now varies considerably, according to the crop.

+~Tithing~ in N.W. ~Hile-a-whate~ (S.) The forms given by Davis,

+_aisle_, _aile_, and _isle_, seem purely fanciful, as also does the

+derivation there suggested, a _hyle_ being merely a single shock.

+In some parts of Wilts the shape and size of a hyle will depend

+largely on the weather at harvest-time. Thus in a stormy season it

+will usually be built compact and round, while in a calm one it may

+sometimes form a line several yards in length.--S.W.

+

+    ''Tis merry while the wheat's in hile.'--BARNES, _Poems_.

+

+(2) _v._ To make up into hyles. Wheat and rye are always hyled, and

+oats usually so, about Salisbury.--S.W.

+

+

+=Ichila-pea=. The Missel-thrush: only heard from one person, but

+perhaps an old name.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Iles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+=Imitate=. To resemble. 'The childern be immitatin' o' their vather

+about the nause.' Participle only so used.--N.W.

+

+=In-a-most=. Almost.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'It inamwoast killed our bwoy Sam.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 145.

+

+=Innocent=. Small, neat, unobtrusive, as 'a innocent little

+primrose.' Virtually restricted to flowers.--N.W.

+

+=Iron Pear=. _Pyrus Aria_, L., White Beam.--N.W. (Heddington, &c.)

+Iron-Pear-Tree Farm, near Devizes, is said to take its name from this

+tree.

+

+*=Isnet=. _Alkanet bugloss_ (D.).

+

+*=Ivors=. Hanging woods (_Slow_).--S.W. There would appear to be

+some misunderstanding here. The word may refer to the coverts on the

+hillside above Longbridge Deverill, which are known as _The Ivors_,

+the farm below being _Long Ivor Farm_. At Wroughton a field is called

+'_The Ivory_,' but this is perhaps a family name.

+

+=Izzard=. The letter Z (A.S.). Still in use in S.W.

+

+

+*=Jack=. A newt.--N.W. (Swindon.)

+

+=Jack=, =Jack Ern=. _Ardea cinerea_, the Heron (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+395).--N.W. Also ~Moll 'ern~.

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. (Huish.) See

+~Dick-and-his-team~.

+

+=Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon=. _Tragopogon pratensis_, L., Goat's

+Beard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jack-in-the-green=. (1) _Adonis autumnalis_, L.,

+Pheasant's-eye.--S.W. (2) The hose-in-hose variety of Polyanthus.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Jack-run-along-by-the-hedge=. _Alliaria officinalis_, Andrzj., Hedge

+Mustard.

+

+=Jacky-Dinah=. _Sylvia sylvicola_, the Wood Warbler.--S.W.

+(Bishopstone.)

+

+=Jacob's-ladder=. _Polygonatum multiflorum_, All., Solomon's

+Seal.--S.W. (Farley, &c.)

+

+=Jag=. The awn and head of the oat. Oats are spoken of as

+'well-jagged,' 'having a good jag,' 'coming out in jag,' &c.--N.W.

+

+    'The despised oats were coming out in jag ... in jag means the

+    spray-like drooping awn of the oat.'--_Round about a Great

+    Estate_, ch. i. p. 8.

+

+=Jan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.

+

+=Jarl=. To quarrel, to 'have words.'--N.W.

+

+=Jaw-bit=. Food carried out in the fields by labourers, to be eaten

+about 10 or 11 o'clock.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jee=. See ~Gee~.

+

+=Jew-berry=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry; a corruption of the

+proper name (_Wild Life_, ch. xi).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jibbets=. Small pieces. 'You never did see such a slut! her gownd

+a-hangin' in dirty jibbets [rags] aal about her heels!'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jiffle=. At Bishopston, N. Wilts, an old bell-ringer was recently

+heard to accuse the younger men of having got into a regular 'jiffle'

+(? confusion) while ringing. We have not met with the word elsewhere,

+but Hal. and Wright have _jiffle_, to be restless, var. dial.

+

+=Jiggery-poke=. Hocus-pocus. ~Jiggery-pokery.~ Unfair dealing (S.):

+deception.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jigget=. _v._ To ride or walk at a jog-trot. 'Here we go a

+jiggettin' along.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jiggetty=. _adj._ (1) Jolty, shaky. 'This be a ter'ble jiggetty

+train.'--N.W. *(2) Fidgetty (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Jimmy=, =Sheep's Jimmy=. A sheep's head (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jimmy-swiver=. _n._ A state of trembling. Apparently connected with

+_whiver_ or _swiver_.--N.W.

+

+    '"Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I! I be all of a

+    jimmy-swiver," and she visibly trembled, which was what she

+    meant.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Jitch=, =Jitchy=. Such.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Jobbet=. A small load (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Jod=. The letter J (A.S.).

+

+=Johnny Chider=, =Chan-chider=. The Sedge Warbler, _Salicaria

+phragmitis_. So called 'because it scolds so.'--S.W. Jan Chider (S.).

+

+=Jolter-headed=. Wrong-headed; used generally of a jealous spouse.

+'Her wur allus a jolter-headed 'ooman.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jonnick=. Honest, fair, straightforward in dealings (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Joseph-and-Mary=. _Pulmonaria officinalis_, L., Common Lung-wort,

+the flowers being of two colours, red and blue.--N.W.

+

+=Joy-bird=. The Jay, _Garrulus glandarius_. The name commonly used in

+N. Wilts for the Jay. Fr. _geai_.--N.W. (Savernake Forest, &c.)

+

+=Jumble=. A kind of coarse dark brown sweetmeat (_My Old

+Village_).--N.W.

+

+=Jumping Jesuses=. The long-legged water-flies, _Gerris_, which skim

+along the surface of streams.--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Junk=. A hunch of bread-and-cheese, &c.; a lump of wood or coal. A

+solid piece (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Junket=. A treat or spree; still in use. When potatoes were not so

+common as now, a man would complain of his wife's 'junketing wi' the

+taters,' i.e. digging them up before they were ripe, as a treat for

+the children.--N.W.

+

+=Just about=. Extremely. See ~About~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jut=. To nudge, to touch (S.).--N.W.

+

+

+=K=. _K_ sometimes becomes _t_, as _bleat_, bleak; _blunt_, blunk.

+Conversely, _t_ becomes _k_, as _sleek_, sleet.

+

+=Keach=, &c. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keavin=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+=Keck=. To retch as if sick (A.); to cough; also ~Cack~.--N.W.

+

+=Kecker=. The windpipe (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kecks=. Dry stalks of hemlock (A.B.). Hemlock must here be taken

+to mean several of the larger _Umbelliferae_, and to include

+occasionally growing plants as well as dry stems. There are many

+variants of the word, as ~Keeks~ (A.), ~Kecksey~ (A.B.), ~Gix~

+(A.B.H.Wr.), ~Gicksies~ (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii), ~Gicks~ (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Keep=, =Kip=. Growing food for cattle, &c. (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kerf=. A layer of turf or hay (A.B.C.). A truss of hay.--N.W.

+

+=Ketch=. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keys, or Keyn=. Fruit of ash and sycamore (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Kibble=. *(1) To chip a stone roughly into shape (A.). Cf. Glouc.

+_cabble_, to break smelted pig-iron into small pieces, before

+proceeding to draw it into bar-iron. *(2) To cut up firewood (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 210).--Obsolete.

+

+=Kid=. (1) _n._ The cod or pod of peas, beans, &c.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To form pods; used of peas and beans. _Well-kidded_, of beans or

+peas, having the stalks full of pods (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kidney-stones=. Dark water-worn pebbles (_Eulogy_, p. 28).--N.W.

+

+='Kin=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.

+

+=Kind=. Some woods and soils 'work kind,' i.e. easily,

+pleasantly.--N.W.

+

+=King's-cushion=. See ~Queen's-cushion~.

+

+=Kiss-behind-the-garden-gate=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London

+Pride.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Kissing-gate=. A 'Cuckoo-gate,' or swing gate in a V-shaped

+enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur Valerian.--N.W.

+

+*=Kite's Pan=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Kitty Candlestick=. _Ignis fatuus_, Will-o'-the-Wisp. ~Kit of the

+Candlestick~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 17, ed. Brit.).--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Kiver=. A cooler used in brewing (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Knacker=. To snap the fingers. Nacker (H.Wr.)--S.W.

+

+=Knap=, =Knop=. (1) _v._ To chip stone, as formerly in making a

+gun-flint.--N.W. (2) _n._ A little hill; a steep ascent in a road

+(S.). This is really a Devon use.--S.W. (Dorset bord.)

+

+=Knee-sick=. Of wheat, drooping at the joints, from weakness in the

+straw (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Knee-socked=. Corn beaten down by storms is 'knee-socked

+down.'--N.W. See ~Knee-sick~.

+

+=Knit=. Of fruit, to set. 'The gooseberries be knitted

+a'ready.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Knitch=, =Nitch=, =Niche=, &c. Usually spelt incorrectly, without

+the _k_. M.E. _knucche_, Germ. _knocke_: used by Wycliffe, also in

+_Alton Locke_, ch. xxviii. (1) _Nitch_, a burden of wood, straw, or

+hay (A.B.), such a faggot as a hedger or woodman may carry home with

+him at night; a short thick heavy chump of wood (_Village Miners_).

+Hence a fine baby is spoken of as 'a regular nitch' (_Ibid._). A

+bundle of gleaned corn (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) 'He has got a nitch,' is

+intoxicated, has had as much liquor as he can carry (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'He's got his market-nitch.'--_Tess of the D'Urbervilles_, vol.

+    i. p. 19.

+

+=Knot Couch=. _Avena elatior_, so called from the roots sometimes

+looking like a much-knotted cord or a string of beads.--N.W.

+

+=Koomb=. See ~Comb~ (S.).

+

+

+=Ladies-and-Gentlemen=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Leades an

+Genlmin (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Ladies'-balls=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Ladies-in-white=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.

+

+=Lady-cow=. The Ladybird.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-cushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Lady's-finger=. (1) Applied generally to _Lotus corniculatus_

+and _Hippocrepis comosa_, and occasionally also to _Lathyrus

+pratensis_. 'Leades vingers, the wild Calceolaria' (S.), probably

+refers to one of these flowers.--N. & S.W. (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin): N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lady's-glove=. 'The Greater Bird's-foot.'--S.W.

+

+=Lady's-nightcap=. The flower of _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed (A.B.).

+

+=Lady's-petticoat=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+=Lady's-ruffles=. The double white Narcissus.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-shoe=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lady's-slipper=. Applied generally to the same plants as

+Lady's-finger.

+

+*=Lain=. Of a smith, to dress the wing and point of a share (D.). See

+~Lay~ (4).

+

+=Laiter=, =Loiter=. A full laying or clutch of eggs. The whole number

+of eggs produced by a hen at one laying, before she gets broody and

+ceases to lay.--N.W.

+

+=Lake=. A small stream of running water.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Lambkins=. Catkins of hazel.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lamb's-cage=. A crib for foddering sheep in fold (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-creep=. A hole in the hurdles to enable the lambs to get out

+of the fold.--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-tails=. Catkins of willow and hazel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Land=. The 'rudge,' or ground between two water-furrows in a

+ploughed field.--N.W.

+

+    'The ploughman walks in the furrow his share has made,

+    and presently stops to measure the "lands" with the

+    spud.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii. pp. 130-1.

+

+*=Landshard=. The strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable

+in a common field (D.).

+

+=Land-spring=. A spring which only runs in wet weather (_Gamekeeper

+at Home_, ch. v. p. 109).--N.W.

+

+=Lane= (_a_ broad). A strip of grass, generally irregular, bounding

+an arable field.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+*=Lannock=. A long narrow piece of land (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Lanshet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+*=Lark's-seed=. _Plantago major_, L., Greater Plantain.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Latter Lammas=. An unpunctual person (S.)--S.W.

+

+    'When a person is habitually late and unpunctual, folks

+    say--"What a Latter Lammas thee beest, ta be sure!"'--_Letter

+    from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Lattermath=. Aftermath (A.B.). ~Lattermass~ at Cherhill.--N.W.

+

+=Lave=. (1) Of a candle, to gutter down (H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) To splash

+up water over yourself, as in a bath. 'Lave it well over ye.'--N.W.

+

+=Law=. In N. Wilts, when speaking of relations-in-law, the _in_

+is always omitted, as ~brother-law~, ~father-law~, &c., the only

+exception being ~son-in-law~.

+

+=Lay=. (1) _To lay a hedge_, to trim it back, cutting the boughs

+half through, and then bending them down and intertwining them so

+as to strengthen the fence (A.).--N. & S.W. (2) _To lay rough_, to

+sleep about under hedges like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _To lay up a

+field_, to reserve it for mowing.--S.W. (4) _To lay a tool_, to steel

+its edge afresh. This appears to be the same as Davis's _lain_, which

+is probably a contraction of _lay in_. At Mildenhall you often hear

+of _laying_ or _laying in_ a pickaxe, and the word is to be traced

+back for a century or more in the parish accounts there.--N. & S.W.

+(5) An idle dissipated man is said to _lay about_.--N.W.

+

+=Laylocks=. Usually _Syringa vulgaris_, L., Lilac, but rarely applied

+to _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock, in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Lay-over=. A wooden bar, or a rope, used to fasten tackle together.

+

+    'Two or three horses go abreast, each drawing a harrow

+    diagonally, all the harrows being fastened together with a

+    lay-over or rider.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. v.

+

+=Leach=. A strand of a rope.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lear=, =Leer=. (1) Empty (A.B.C.G.).--N. & S.W. (2) Hence, craving

+for food, hungry (A.C.S.).--N. & S.W. ~Leary~ is the usual form on

+the Som. bord.

+

+    'I never eat but two meals a day--breakfast and supper ... and

+    I'm rather lear (hungry) at supper.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+=Learn=. To teach. 'I'll learn 'ee to do that again, you young

+vaggot!' 'Her do want some 'un to learn she, 'stead o' she learnin'

+we!' In general use in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=, =Leaze=, &c.: sometimes used with a prefix, as ~Cow-leaze~,

+~Ox-leaze~. (1) As much pasture as will keep a cow (B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) A large open pasture. ~Legh~, ~Lease~ (Aubrey); ~Leaze~ (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=. To glean (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease-bread=. Bread made from lease-corn.--N.W.

+

+=Lease-corn=. Wheat collected by gleaning.--N.W.

+

+=Leaser=. A gleaner.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ledged=. See ~Lodged~.

+

+=Lemfeg=. An Elleme fig (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A cure-peg, a curry-peg,

+    A lem-feg, a dough-feg.'--_Wilts Nursery Jingle._

+

+*=Length=, =Lent=. A loan (A.B.). *~Lenth~ (S.).

+

+=Let-off=. To abuse.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+    'Maester let I off at a vine rate.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Lew= (pronounced _Loo_). (1) _adj._ Warm (H.).--N. & S.W. (2) _n._

+Shelter (A.B.C.S.). 'Get in the lew,' i.e. into a place sheltered

+from the wind. A.S. _hleo_, _hleow_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lewis's Cat=. A person suspected of incendiary habits. Many years

+ago fires are said to have occurred so frequently on the premises

+of a person of this name (whose _cat_ sometimes had the blame of

+starting them), that the phrase passed into common use, and a

+suspected man soon 'got the name of a Lewis's Cat,' now corrupted

+into 'Blue Cat.'--S.W.

+

+=Lewth=. Warmth (A.B.C.). Usually restricted to the sun's warmth, but

+in _Cunnington MS._ applied to a thin coat, which 'has no lewth in

+it.'--N.W.

+

+=Lew-warm=. Luke-warm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Libbet=. A fragment (S.). 'All in a libbet,' or 'All in libbets and

+jibbets,' torn to rags.--N. & S.W. Also ~Lippet~.

+

+*=Liberty=. _v._ To allow anything to run loose. 'It don't matter

+how much it's libertied,' the more freedom you can give it the

+better.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Licket=. 'All to a licket,' all to pieces.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lide=. The month of March (A.). A.S. _hlýda_, _hlýdamonath_, the

+stormy month, from _hlúd_, boisterous, noisy (so Grein). This has

+nothing to do with _lide_ or _lithe_, mild, whence come the A.S.

+names for June and July. See _N. & Q._ Feb. 6, 1892.

+

+=Lieton=. See ~Litton~.

+

+=Lill=. To pant as a dog (A.B.H.).--N.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--S.W. (Farley and Charlton.) (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Limb=, =Limm=. (1) _n._ A ragged tear (_Village Miners_).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To tear irregularly, to jag out (_Ibid._).--N.W.

+

+=Limbers=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Linch=, =Linchet=, =Lynch=, =Lanshet= (N.W.), =Lytchet= (S.W.),

+=Linchard=, &c. (S.). A.S. _hlinc_, a bank. For articles on Lynchet,

+Linchet, or Linch, see _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xii. 185, and xv. 88. Also

+articles and letters in _Marlborough College Natural History Report_

+and _Marlborough Times_, 1892, Seebohm's _Village Community_, and

+Britten's _Old Country Words_. In an old MS. schedule of land at

+Huish, N.W., '_Lanshes and borders_,' i.e. turf boundary banks and

+field margins, are enumerated. (1) Certain terraces, a few yards

+wide, on the escarpment of the downs, probably the remains of ancient

+cultivation, are locally known as ~Lynches~ or ~Lynchets~.--N. &

+S.W. (2) The very narrow ledges, running in regular lines along the

+steep face of a down, probably made by sheep feeding there, are

+also frequently so called.--S.W. (3) A raised turf bank dividing or

+bounding a field.--S.W. (4) A strip of greensward dividing two pieces

+of arable land in a common field (D.).--N. & S.W. (5) An inland

+cliff, cf. 'The Hawk's Lynch' (_Tom Brown at Oxford_); occasionally

+applied to a steep slope or escarpment, as at Bowood and Warminster.

+

+*=Linchard= A precipitous strip of land on a hillside, left

+unploughed (_Spring-tide_, pp. 79 and 186). See ~Linch~. Cf. A.S.

+_hlinc_, a bank; and perhaps _sceard_, a piece or portion (Skeat).

+

+*=Lined=. Of an animal, having a white back (D.).

+

+=Linet=. Tinder (H.Wr.). Tinder was made of linen.--N.W., not long

+obsolete.

+

+*=Lipe=. A pleat or fold in cloth.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Lipping=. Of weather, showery, wet, and stormy. 'I thenks as we

+shall have a ter'ble lipping summer to-year.' Cf. Lipping-time, a wet

+season, Glouc., and _Lippen'_, showery, Som.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Litten=, =Litton=. A churchyard. Lieton (H.Wr.) ~Chirche-litoun~

+(_Chron. Vilod._). Still used in Hants, but probably now obsolete in

+Wilts (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxv. p. 129).

+

+    'His next bed will be in the Litten, if he be laying on the

+    ground on such a night as this.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 161.

+

+*=Liver-sand=. See quotation.

+

+    'Sand-veins ... which are deep and tough, and are of the nature

+    called in Wilts "liver-sand."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+=Lob=. Of leaves, to droop limply, as cabbages do before rain.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lock=. 'A lock of hay,' a small quantity of hay (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Locks-and-Keys=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, D.C. The usual cottagers'

+name for it in Somerset.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Locky=. Of hay which has not been properly shaken about, stuck

+together in locks as it was cut.--N.W.

+

+=Lodged=. Of wheat, laid or beaten down by wind or rain (D.).--N. &

+S.W. Also ~Ledged~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).

+

+=Log=. See ~Lug~ (1).

+

+=Loggered=. A boy who is at plough all day often gets so _loggered_,

+or weighed down with _loggers_, all the time, that he comes home at

+night quite exhausted.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Loggers=. Lumps of dirt on a ploughboy's feet.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) In Glouc. a 'logger' is a small log attached to a horse's

+foot, to prevent straying.

+

+=Loggerums=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N.W. *(2)

+'Scabious' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Loiter=. See ~Laiter~.

+

+=Lolloper=. A lazy lout (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lollup=. (1) To loll out. 'Look at _he_, wi' he's tongue a lolluping

+out o' he's mouth, vor aal the world like a dog!'--N.W. (2) To loll

+about, to idle about. 'What be a-lollupin' about like that vor?'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Long Eliza=. A kind of long blue earthen jar, formerly often seen

+in cottages.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+    'The high black chimney-shelf was covered with crockery of

+    a low type of beauty; pink and yellow china dogs shared

+    their elevated station with "long Elizas" and squat female

+    figures.'--_Dark_, ch. i.

+

+=Longful=. Tedious (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Long purples=. _Lythrum Salicaria_, L., Purple Loosestrife. Rarely

+used. Tennyson's 'long purples of the dale' have been identified by

+himself as _Vicia Cracca_; Shakespeare's are either _Orchis mascula_,

+or _Arum maculatum_, while Clare applies the name to _Lythrum_.

+

+=Long-winded=. 'A long-winded man' always means one who is very slow

+to pay his debts.--N.W.

+

+=Long wood=. The long branches which are bent down and used to weave

+in and bind a hedge when it is being laid.--N.W.

+

+=Lope along=. To run as a hare does.--S.W.

+

+=Loppet=. (1) _v._ The same as ~Lope~. (2) _v._ To idle about, to

+slouch about. 'A girt veller, allus a loppetin' about.'--N.W. Cf.

+~Sloppet~.

+

+=Loppetty=. Weak, out of sorts.--N.W.

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lot=. To reckon, expect, think. 'I do lot her's a bad 'un.'--N.W.

+

+=Lot-meads=. (1) Common meadows divided into equal-sized pieces, for

+the hay of which lots were cast each year (D.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '"Lot Mead" is not an uncommon name of fields in Wiltshire

+    parishes. It is perhaps a vestige of the original partition

+    of lands when cleared, which the chronicler Simeon of Durham

+    says were distributed by lot. See Kemble's _Anglo-Saxons_, i.

+    91.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, note, p. 198.

+

+(2) A kind of festival in connexion with this division.

+

+    'Here [at Wanborough] is a Lott-mead celebrated yearly with

+    great ceremony. The Lord weareth a garland of flowers: the

+    mowers at one house have always a pound of beefe and a head of

+    garlic every man.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 198.

+

+Nothing more appears to be known about this festival.--N.W.

+(Wanborough), obsolete.

+

+*=Lottle=. _v._ To sound as water trickling in a small stream. Cf.

+~Glox~.--N.W.

+

+=Love-an'-idols=, or =Loving Idols=. _Viola tricolor_, L.,

+Love-in-idleness, usually the wild form, but occasionally applied to

+the garden pansy also. ~Nuffin-idols~ at Clyffe Pypard. ~Lovenidolds~

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Loving-andrews=. _Geranium pratense_, L., Meadow Cranesbill

+(_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Lowl-eared=. Long-eared (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Luce=. (1) Luke-warm.--S.W. *(2) A sore in sheep.--S.W.

+

+=Lug=. (1) In land measure, a pole or perch (A.B.G.H.S.). ~Log~ (_MS.

+Gough_: K.Wr.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A lug ... is of three lengths in this county: 15, 18, and

+    16½ feet. The first of these measures is getting out of

+    use, but is still retained in some places, particularly in

+    increasing mason's work. The second is the ancient forest

+    measure, and is still used in many parts of the county for

+    measuring wood-land. But the last, which is the statute perch,

+    is by much the more general.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 268.

+

+(2) Any rod or pole (D.H.), as a perch for fowls, a clothes pole

+(A.B.). See ~Oven-lug~.

+

+    'Olde Freeman doe weare ruggs [coarse cloth],

+    And Thomas Lord doe goe to the woods to steal poles and luggs.'

+

+         Seventeenth century doggrell rhymes from Wroughton,

+             quoted in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 216.

+

+=Lug-wood=. Lops and tops of trees.--S.W.

+

+=Lummakin=. Heavy, ungainly, clumsy (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Lumper=. To move heavily, to stumble along. Of a pony, to stumble.

+To kick against anything (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, Pewsey, &c.)

+

+=Lumpus=. (1) Noise, row. 'Don't 'ee make such a lumpus.'--N.W. (2)

+All in a lump, heavily, as applied to a fall. 'Th'oss didn't vall

+down, but a come down wi' a kind of a lumpus.'--N.W.

+

+=Lump work=. Piece work.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lumpy=. Stout and strong. To say to any one, 'Why, ye be growed main

+lumpy!' is to pay him a high compliment.--N.W.

+

+=Lurry=. Of cows, suffering from looseness.--N.W.

+

+=Lynchet=, =Lytchet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+    'Another British coin, found on the "lytchets" at East Dean,

+    has passed into the cabinet of Dr. Blackmore.'--_Wilts Arch.

+    Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 242.

+

+

+=Maakin=. See ~Malkin~.

+

+=Mace=. See Note to quotation.

+

+    'This is a style still used by the lower classes in North

+    Wiltshire to tradesmen and sons of farmers. Thus at Ogbourne

+    St. George, a brickmaker whose name is Davis, is called "Mace

+    Davis," and sons of farmers are called "Mace John," or "Mace

+    Thomas," the surname being sometimes added and sometimes

+    not.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 338.

+

+This seems a misapprehension. The word used is simply _Mais'_

+(before a consonant), a shortened form of 'Maister.' 'Mais' John'

+is short for Maister John. Before a vowel it would be _Mais'r_ or

+_Maistr'_--as 'Maistr' Etherd' [Edward].--N.W.

+

+    '_Mas_ was formerly a common contraction for _master_, e.g.

+    "Mas John," and is used by Ben Jonson and other Elizabethan

+    writers. See Nares, s.v. _Mas_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mad=. Of land, spoilt, damaged, as by sudden heat after much rain

+(Lisle's _Husbandry_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Madde=. *(1) _Asperula odorata_, L., Sweet Woodruff.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.) (2) _Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Madell= (_a_ broad), =Medal=, &c. The game of 'Merrills' or 'Nine

+Men's Morris.' Also known as ~Puzzle-Pound~. Several varieties of

+~Madell~ are played in Wilts, known respectively as ~Eleven-penny~

+(strictly ~The Merrills~), ~Nine-penny~, ~Six-penny~, and

+~Three-penny~, according to the number of pieces used. 'Eleven-penny'

+is played with eleven pieces each side, instead of nine, the

+game being in other respects identical with 'Nine Men's Morris'

+as described in Strutt's _Sports and Pastimes_. The players move

+alternately, and the general principle is to get three pieces

+together in a line anywhere on the dots or holes, while at the same

+time preventing your adversary from making a line. 'Nine-penny,'

+'Six-penny,' and 'Three-penny' differ only in the number of men

+each side and the form of the board (_see diagrams_). The 'board' is

+scratched or chalked out on paving-stones, drawn on the slate, cut

+deep into the turf on the downs, or the top of the corn-bin (with

+holes instead of dots), in short, made anywhere and anyhow. The 'men'

+or 'pieces' may be anything available, sticks being played against

+stones, beans against oats, &c.--N.W. (Devizes, &c.)

+

+[Illustration: Nine Men's Morris, or Eleven-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Nine-penny Madell, or The Merrills.]

+

+[Illustration: Six-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Three-penny Madell.]

+

+=Maggots=. _n._ Tricks, nonsense. 'Her's at her maggots again.'--N.W.

+

+*=Maggotting=. Meddling (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Maggotty=. _adj._ Frisky, playful (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Picus caudatus_, the Magpie (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f.

+2), still in use.--N.W.

+

+*=Maiden's Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy. See

+~Honesty~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'All the hedges about Thickwood (in the parish Colerne) are ...

+    hung with maydens honesty.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, Royal Soc. MS.

+    p. 120.

+

+=Main=. (1) _adv._ Very, as 'main good,' excellent (A.B.).--N.& S.W.

+(2) _adj._ 'A main sight o' frawk,' a great number (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mais'=. See ~Mace~.

+

+=Make=. 'That makes me out,' puzzles me (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Malkin=. See ~Mawkin~.

+

+*=Mammered=. Perplexed (A.).

+

+*=Mammock=. _v._ To pull to pieces (_Leisure Hour_, August,

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'He did so set his teeth and tear it; O, I warrant, how he

+    mammocked it!'--SHAKESPEARE, _Coriolanus_, i. 3.

+

+*=Mander=. To order about in a worrying dictatorial fashion (S.).

+'Measter do mander I about so.'--S.W.

+

+=Mandy= (long _a_). (1) Frolicsome, saucy, impudent (A.B.C.): now

+only used by very old people.--N.W. *(2) Showy (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Mar=. See ~More~.

+

+=Marlbro'-handed=. People who used their tools awkwardly were

+formerly called '_Marlbro'-handed vawk_,' natives of Marlborough

+being traditionally famed for clumsiness and unhandiness.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Marley=. Streaky, marbled; applied to fat beef, or bacon from a fat

+pig, where the fat seems to streak and grain the lean.--N.W.

+

+=Martin=, =Free-martin=. A calf of doubtful sex.--N.W. An animal with

+an ox-like head and neck, which never breeds, but is excellent for

+fatting purposes. It is commonly supposed that a female calf born

+twin with a male is always a free-martin. Recent investigations,

+however, have proved that though the external organs of a free-martin

+may be female the internal are in all cases male. The rule laid

+down by Geddes and Thomson is that twin calves are always normal

+when of opposite sex or both female; but that if both are male one

+is invariably thus abnormal (_Evolution of Sex_, ch. iii. p. 39).

+Compare Scotch _ferow_ or _ferry cow_, a cow not in calf, and _mart_,

+an ox; also A.S. _fear_, a bullock (_Folk-Etymology_).

+

+=Masked=. See ~A-masked~.

+

+=Mathern=, =Mauthern=. *(1) _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye

+Daisy (A.D.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) Wild Camomile (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+*=Maudlin=. The Ox-eye Daisy (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Mawk= (pronounced _Maak_). To clean out the oven with the 'maakin,'

+before putting in the batch of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Mawkin=, =Malkin=, =Maak=, or =Maakin=, (1) An oven-swab with which

+the charcoal sticks are swept out of the oven, before putting in the

+batch (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The malkin, being wetted, cleaned out the ashes ... malkin

+    [is] a bunch of rags on the end of a stick.'--_Great Estate_,

+    ch. viii.

+

+(2) Also used as a term of reproach.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee looks like a girt maakin.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=May-beetle=, The cockchafer (A.B.).

+

+*=May-blobs=, =May-blubs=, or =May-bubbles=, Flowers and buds of

+_Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+=Mazzard=, *(1) A small kind of cherry (_English Plant Names_).

+~Merry~ is the usual Wilts name, _Mazzard_ being Dev. and Som. (2)

+The head (A.), but only in such threats as:--

+

+    'I'll break thee mazzard vor thee!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 31.

+

+Ben Jonson has _mazzarded_, broken-headed.--N.W.

+

+*=Meadow-soot=, _Spiraea Ulmaria_, L., Meadow-sweet (_Great Estate_,

+ch. ii). _Sote_, or _soot_=sweet.--N.W.

+

+*=Mealy=, Mild and damp. ''Twar a oncommon mealy marnin'.'--N.W.

+(Bratton.)

+

+=Measle-flower=, The garden Marigold, the dried flowers having some

+local reputation as a remedy. Children, however, have an idea that

+they may catch the complaint from handling the plant.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Med=, See ~Mid~.

+

+=Meg=, =Meggy=. (1) In the game of ~Must~, q.v., a small

+stone--called a 'meg' or 'meggy'--is placed on the top of a large

+one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,' of which each player has

+one.--N. & S.W. *(2) ~Maig.~ A peg (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mere=. A boundary line or bank of turf.--N. & S.W. A turf boundary

+between the downs on adjoining farms: formed by cutting two thick

+turves, one smaller than the other, and placing them, upside down,

+with the smaller one on top, at intervals of about a chain along the

+boundary line.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+    'Two acres of arable, of large measure, in Pen field, lying

+    together and bounded by meres on both sides.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, dated 1704.

+

+=Mere-stone=. A boundary stone (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Merry=. The cherry; applied to both black and red varieties, but

+especially the small semi-wild fruit.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Merry-flower=. The wild Cherry.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Mesh= (_e_ long). Moss or lichen on an old apple-tree.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Messenger=. (1) A sunbeam reaching down to the horizon from behind a

+cloud is sometimes said to be the sun 'sending out a messenger.' Cf.

+Cope's _Hants Glossary_. Used by children in both N. & S. Wilts. (2)

+_pl._ The small detached clouds that precede a storm (_Greene Ferne

+Farm_, ch. vi).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mice's-mouths=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Snapdragon.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Michaelmas Crocus=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron.--N.W.

+

+=Mickle=. Much (A.S.). A.S. _micel_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Mid=, =Med=. _v._ Might or may (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Middling=. (1) Ailing in health (H.); ~Middlinish~ (_Wilts Tales_,

+p. 137).--N. & S.W. (2) Tolerable, as 'a middlin' good crop.'

+~Middlekin~ is occasionally used in S. Wilts in this sense.--N. &

+S.W. 'Very middling' (with a shake of the head), bad, or ill; 'pretty

+middling' (with a nod), good, or well (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 112).

+

+*=Midstay=. The barn-floor between the mows.--N.W. (Aldbourne.)

+Compare _Middlestead_, a threshing-floor: _East of England_; also

+

+    'The old and one-eyed cart-horse dun

+    The middenstead went hobbling round,

+    Blowing the light straw from the ground.'

+

+                      W. MORRIS, _The Land East of the Sun_.

+

+=Midsummer men=. _Sedum Fabaria_, Koch., a variety of the red

+Orpine.--N.W. occasionally; S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Mild=. Of stone or wood, easily worked (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+*=Milk-flower=. _Lychnis vespertina_, Sibth., Evening Campion.--S.W.

+(Charlton All Saints.)

+

+=Milkmaids=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. In common

+use in Hill Deverill and Longbridge Deverill, also at Farley and

+Hamptworth.--S.W.

+

+=Milkwort=. _Euphorbia Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mill=. To clean clover-seed from the husk (D.). ~Milled Hop~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+=Miller=, =Millard=, =Mallard=, or =Dusty Miller=. A large white moth

+(A.S.); generally extended to any large night-flying species.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Mill-peck=. A kind of hammer with two chisel-heads, used for

+deepening the grooves of the millstone (_Great Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+*=Mill-staff=. A flat piece of wood, rubbed with ruddle, by which

+the accuracy of the work done by the mill-peck may be tested (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+=Mind=. (1) To remind. 'That minds I o' Lunnon, it do.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) To remember. 'I minds I wur just about bad then.'--N. & S.W. (3)

+'To be a mind to anything,' to be inclined to do it.--N.W.

+

+=Minding=. A reminder. After a severe illness you are apt to have

+'the mindings on't' now and again.--N.W.

+

+=Minnies=. Small fry of all kinds of fish.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mint=. A cheese-mite (A.). The older form of _mite_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Minty=. Of cheese, full of mites (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Mist-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. More commonly called ~Dew-ponds~.--S.W. (Broadchalke, &c.)

+

+=Mixen=, =Muxen=. A dungheap (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mix-muddle=. One who muddles things imbecilely (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Miz-maze=. Puzzle, perplexity, confusion.--S.W.

+

+=Miz-mazed=. Thoroughly puzzled, stupefied. Stunned (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mizzy-mazey=. Confused. Used of print swimming before the eyes.--S.W.

+

+=Moile=. Dirt, mud. ~Mwoile~ (A.). 'Aal in a mwoile.'--N.W.

+

+=Moll*'ern=, =Molly Heron=. The Heron (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Mommick=, =Mommet=. A scarecrow. Cf. ~Mummock~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Money-in-both-pockets=. _Lunaria biennis_, L., Honesty, from

+the seeds showing on both sides of the dissepiment through the

+transparent pod.

+

+=Monkey-musk=. The large garden varieties of _Mimulus_, which

+resemble the true musk, but are scentless, and therefore merely

+_monkey_ (i.e. mock, spurious) musk.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Monkey Nut=. _Poa annua_, L., Meadow Grass; eaten by boys for its

+nut-like flavour.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Monkey-plant=. Garden _Mimulus_ (_Wild Life_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Mooch=. See ~Mouch~.

+

+=Moocher=. See ~Moucher~.

+

+=Moochers=. Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry (S.). Cf.

+~Berry-moucher~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Moon-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii). A very general name, especially in N. Wilts. The

+flowers are sometimes called ~Moons~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moonied up=. Coddled and spoilt by injudicious bringing up. 'Gells

+as be moonied up bean't never no good.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moots=. Roots of trees left in the ground (A.). See ~Stowls~.--E.W.

+

+=Mop=. (1) A Statute Fair for hiring servants (A.B.); also used in

+Glouc. (_Wilts Tales_, p. 33).--N.W. (2) A rough tuft of grass.

+

+=Moral=. A child is said to be the 'very moral,' or exact likeness,

+of its father. A form of 'model.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=More=, =Mar=, =Moir=. (1) An old root or stump of a tree.--N. &

+S.W. (2) A root of any plant (A.B.G.S.: Aubrey's _Wilts MS._), as

+'a strawberry more'; 'fern mars'; 'cowslip mars,' &c. (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vii.) Occasionally ~Moir~ in N. Wilts, as in ~Crazy

+Moir~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moreish=. Appetizing, so good that you want more of it. 'Viggy

+pudden be oncommon moreish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mort=. _n._ A quantity.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Her talks a mort too vine.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+    'I stuck up to her a mort o' Sundays.'--_Ibid._ ch. xv.

+

+=Most-in-deal=. Usually, generally (A.B.C.). 'Where do 'e bide now,

+Bill?' 'Most-in-deal at 'Vize [Devizes], but zometimes at Ziszeter

+[Cirencester].' ~Most-in-general~ is more commonly used now.--N.W.

+

+=Most-in-general=. Usually.--N.W.

+

+    'Most in gen'ral I catches sight of you when I goes by wi' the

+    horses, but you wasn't in the garden this afternoon.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. i.

+

+=Mote=, =Maute=. A morsel of anything, a very minute quantity.--S.W.,

+formerly.

+

+=Mother-of-thousands=. (1) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.--S.W. (2)

+_Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Mother Shimbles' Snick-needles=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Mothery=. Thick, muddy, as spoilt beer or vinegar (A.B.C.S.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Mouch=, =Mooch=. (1) _v._ To prowl about the woods and lanes,

+picking up such unconsidered trifles as nuts, watercresses,

+blackberries, ferns, and flower-roots, with an occasional turn at

+poaching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vii); to pilfer out-of-doors,

+as an armful of clover from the fresh-cut swathe (_Hodge and his

+Masters_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Probably connected with O.F. _mucer_, _muchier_, Fr. _musser_,

+    to hide, to lurk about. It always implies something done more

+    or less by stealth.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(2) _v._ To play the truant.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To be sulky or out

+of temper.--N. & S.W. (4) _n._ 'In a mouch,' in a bad temper. 'On the

+mouch,' gone off mouching.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moucher=, =Moocher=. (1) A truant (A.B.). See ~Berry-moucher~.--N.

+& S.W. (2) A man who lives by mouching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moulter=. Of birds, to moult.--N.W.

+

+=Mound=. (1) _n._ A hedge. In general use in N. Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To hedge in or enclose.--N.W.

+

+    'The Churchyard ... to be mounded partly by the manor, partly

+    by the parish and parsonage except only one gate to be

+    maintained by the vicar.'--1704, _Hilmarton Parish Terrier_.

+

+=Mouse=. The 'mouse' is a small oblong piece of muscle, under the

+blade-bone of a pig.--N.W.

+

+    'The chief muscles of the body were named from lively animals;

+    e.g. ... _mus_, mouse, the biceps muscle of the arm, and so

+    in A.S. and O.H.G. Cf. _musculus_, (1) a little mouse, (2) a

+    muscle.' (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 615, sub Calf.)--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mousetails=. A kind of grass, perhaps Cats'-tail, but not

+_Myosorus_.--N.W.

+

+*=Moutch=. 'On the moutch,' shuffling (H.). Some meaning of ~Mouch~

+has probably here been misunderstood.

+

+=Mouthy=. _adj._ Abusive, cheeky, impudent.--S.W.

+

+=Mow=. In a barn, the unboarded space at each end of the

+threshing-floor, where the corn used to be heaped up for

+threshing.--N.W.

+

+*=Mowing-machine Bird=. _Salicaria locustella_, Grasshopper Warbler,

+from its peculiar note (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 154).--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Much=. (1) 'It's much if he do,' most likely he won't do it. 'It's

+much if he don't,' most likely he will.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make much

+of, to pet. 'Her do like muching,' i.e. being petted.--N.W.

+

+=Much-about=. Used intensively.--N.W.

+

+    'I was never one to go bellockin', though I've allus had

+    much-about raison to murmur.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+=Muck=. Dirt, mud, earth.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mucker=. A miserly person (S.) Cf. ~Mouch~.--S.W.

+

+    'A fine old word, that I do not remember to have met with

+    in other counties. It=Old Eng. _mokerer_ (_Old English

+    Miscellany_, E. E. T. S. p. 214), a miser; Scot. _mochre_,

+    _mokre_, to hoard.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Muckle=. (1) _n._ Manure, long straw from the stable (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (2) 'Muckle over,' to cover over tender

+plants with long straw in autumn, to protect them from frost.--N.W.

+

+=Muddle-fuss=. A persistent meddler with other people's

+affairs.--N.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+*=Mudel over=. The same as _Muckle over_, q.v. (_Agric. of Wilts_,

+ch. vii).

+

+=Mud-up=. (1) To pamper and spoil a child.--S.W. (Hants bord.) *(2)

+To bring up by hand (H.Wr.), as 'Mud the child up, dooke' (_Monthly

+Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Muggeroon=. A mushroom.--N.W.

+

+=Muggerum=. Part of the internal fat of a pig.--N.W.

+

+=Muggle=. (1) _n._ Confusion, muddle (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here we be, ael in a muggle like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(2) To live in a muddling, haphazard way.--N.W. Cf.:--

+

+    'Most on us 'ad a precious sight rather work for a faermer

+    like the old measter, an' have our Saturday night reg'lar,

+    than go muggling the best way we could, an' take our

+    chance.'--_Jonathan Merle_, xxxvii. 412.

+

+=Muggle-pin=. The pin in the centre of a want-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Mullin=. The headstall of a cart-horse: sometimes extended to the

+headstall and blinkers of a carriage horse.--N.W.

+

+=Mullock=. A heap of rubbish (A.B.), now applied to mine refuse in

+Australia.

+

+=Mummock=. A shapeless confused mass. A clumsily-swaddled baby or

+badly-dressed woman would be 'aal in a mummock.'--N.W.

+

+=Mum up=. To make much of, pamper, pet, and spoil. 'A granny-bred

+child's allus a-mummed up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mun=. Used in addressing any person, as 'Doesn't thee knaw that,

+mun?' (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Must=. A game played by children: a small stone--'a meggy'--is

+placed on the top of a large one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,'

+of which each player has one.--N.W.

+

+=Muxen=. See ~Mixen~.

+

+

+=Nacker=. See ~Knacker~.

+

+=Nail-passer=. A gimlet (A.). Kennett has _Nailsin_ in a similar

+sense.--N.W.

+

+    '"Here's the kay" ... holding up a small gimlet. "Whoy, thuck

+    ben't a kay ... that's nothing but a nail-passer."'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 44.

+

+=Nails=. _Bellis perennis_, L., Daisy.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Naked Boys=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron, the flowers

+and leaves of which do not appear together (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 51, ed. Brit.). _Naked Lady_ in Cornw., Yks., &c., and

+_Naked Virgins_ in Chesh.--N. & S.W. (Huish, Stockton, &c.)

+

+*=Naked Nanny=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron. See ~Naked

+Boys~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Nammet=. See ~Nummet~ (S.).

+

+='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.C.). See ~Anan~.

+

+=Nanny-fodger=, or =Nunny-fudger=. (1) A meddlesome prying

+person.--S.W. (2) _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Narration=. Fuss, commotion. 'He do allus make such a narration

+about anythin'.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nash=, =Naish=, =Nesh=. (1) Tender, delicate, chilly

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (2) Tender and juicy: applied to

+lettuces.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Nation=, =Nashun=, &c. Very, extremely, as _nation dark_

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nation-grass=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., perhaps an abbreviation of

+Carnation-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Natomy=, =Notamy=, =Notamize=, &c. A very thin person or animal, an

+anatomy.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Naumpey=. A weak foolish-minded person.--N.W.

+

+*=Navigator=. A drain-maker's spade, with a stout narrow gouge-like

+blade (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi), more usually known as a ~Graft~.

+

+=Neal=, =Nealded=. See ~Anneal~.

+

+=Neck-headland=. 'To fall neck-headland,' i.e. headlong.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Neet=. See ~Nit~ (S.).

+

+=Neoust of a neoustness=. Nearly alike (A.). See ~Aneoust~.--N.W.

+

+=Nesh=. See ~Nash~.

+

+=Nessel-tripe=, =Nessel-trip=, =Nussel-trip=. The smallest and

+weakest pig in a litter. Commonly used in the Deverills, and

+elsewhere.--S.W.

+

+=Nettle-creeper=. Applied generally in Wilts to the following

+three birds:--(1) _Curruca cinerea_, Common Whitethroat, (2) _C.

+sylvatica_, Lesser Whitethroat, and (3) _C. hortensis_, Garden

+Warbler (_Birds of Wilts_, pp. 159-161).--N.W.

+

+=Neust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Neust alike=. Nearly alike.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Neust of a neustness=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+*=Never-the-near=. To no purpose, uselessly. 'I cwourted she ten

+year, but there, 'twer aal niver-the-near.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Next akin to nothing=. Very little indeed. 'There's next akin to

+nothen left in the barrel.'--N.W.

+

+=Nibs=. The handles of a scythe (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Niche=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nightcaps=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., the garden Columbine.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Night-fall=. _n._ A disease in horses. A humour in the fetlock

+joint, recurring until it produces incurable lameness.--S.W.

+

+    'Witness ... told him his animal was very lame, and asked

+    what was the matter with it. He replied, "Nothing, it is

+    only 'night-fall,' and it comes on several times during the

+    year."'--_Wilts County Mirror_, Oct. 27, 1893.

+

+=Nightingale=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--S.W.

+(Hants bord.)

+

+*=Night Violet=. _Habenaria chlorantha_, Bab., Greater Butterfly

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Nine-holes=. A game played by children.--N.W.

+

+    'This is mentioned among the "illegal games" in the Castle

+    Combe records.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p. 156.

+

+    '1576. _Lusum illicitum vocatum_ nyne holes.'--SCROPE'S

+    _History of Castle Combe_.

+

+=Nineter=. (1) 'A nineter young rascal,' a regular scamp. Not

+perverted from _anoint_ (as if it meant set apart to evil courses and

+an evil end), but from Fr. _anoienté_, _anéanti_, brought to nothing,

+worthless (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 9).--N.W. (Seend.) *(2) A skinflint

+(S.).

+

+=Ninny-hammer=. A fool, a silly person.--N.W.

+

+='Nint=. See ~Anoint~.

+

+='Ninting= (_i_ long). A beating. See ~Anoint~.--N.W.

+

+=Nipper=. A small boy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nippers=. The same as ~Grab-hook~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Nippy=. Stingy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nistn't=. Need not.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee nistn't hoopy at I--I can hyar as well as thee.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+=Nit, Neet=. Nor yet. Wrongly defined by Akerman, Slow, and others as

+_not yet_. 'I han't got no money nit no vittles.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nitch=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nog=. A rough block or small log of wood.--N.W.

+

+=Nog-head=. A blockhead (S.). ~Nug-head~ in W. Somerset.--S.W.

+

+=Nolens volens=. Used in N. Wilts in various corrupted forms, as

+'I be gwain, nolus-bolus,' in any case; 'vorus-norus,' rough,

+blustering; and 'snorus-vorus,' vehemently.

+

+=Noodle along=. To lounge aimlessly along, to move drowsily and

+heavily, as a very spiritless horse.--N.W.

+

+=*Noon-naw=. A stupid fellow, a 'know-naught' (_Great Estate_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Nor, Nur=. Than; as 'better nur that' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. A cow without horns (A.). A.S. _hnot_, clipped, shorn.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Noust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Nummet=. The 'noon-meat' or noon-day meal (A.). ~Nammet~ in S.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Numpinole=. The Pimpernel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Nuncheon, Nunchin=. The noon-meal (A.S.). ~Nunch~ (_Wilts Tales_, p.

+117).--N.W.

+

+=Nunchin-bag=. The little bag in which ploughmen carry their meals

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Nunny-fudging=. Nonsense. 'That's all nunny-fudgen.'--N.W., now

+nearly obsolete.

+

+=Nunny-fudgy=. 'A nunny-fudgy chap,' a poor sort of a fellow with no

+go in him: now used only by old people.--N.W.

+

+=Nur=. See ~Nor~.

+

+=*Nurk=. The worst pig of a litter. See ~Rinnick~.--N.W.

+

+=Nurly=. Of soil: lying in lumps.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Nut=. The nave of a wheel (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Nyst, Niest=. Often used in Mid Wilts in same way as _neust_, as 'I

+be nyst done up,' i.e. over tired.

+

+=Nythe=. A brood, as 'a nythe o' pheasants'; always used by

+gamekeepers.--N.W. Apparently a form of Fr. _nid_, a nest. In the

+New Forest they say 'an _eye_ of pheasants.' See Cope's _Hampshire

+Glossary_ (s.v. _Nye_).

+

+

+=Oak-tree loam or clay=. The Kimmeridge Clay (Britton's _Beauties_,

+1825, vol. iii., also Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 113, &c.).

+

+=Oat-hulls= (pronounced Wut-hulls). Oat chaff and refuse.--S.W.

+

+=Oaves=. (1) Oat chaff.--N. & S.W. (Huish, &c.) (2) The eaves of a

+house (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A good old form. Mid. Eng. _ovese_ (_Old Eng. Miscell._, E.

+    E. T. S. p. 15, l. 465),=O. H. Germ, _opasa_ (_Vocab. of S.

+    Gall_).'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Odds=. (1) _v._ To alter, change, set right. 'I'll soon odds that'

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).--N.W. (2) _n._ Difference.

+'That don't make no odds to I.' 'What's the odds to thee?' what does

+it matter to you?--N.W.

+

+=Oddses=. Odds and ends.

+

+=Oddy=. (1) See ~Huddy~. (2) Strong, vigorous, in hearty health.--N.W.

+

+=Of=. With. 'You just come along o' I!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Offer=. 'To offer to do a thing,' to make as though you were going

+to do it, or to begin to do it. 'He offered to hit I,' i.e. did not

+_say_ he would, but just put up his fists and let out.--N.W.

+

+=Old man=. (1) _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W.

+

+=Old man's beard=. (1) _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when

+in fruit.--N. & S.W. (2) The mossy galls on the dog-rose.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Old Sow=. _Melilotus coerulea_, L., from its peculiar odour

+(_Science Gossip_, Nov. 1868).--N. & S.W., rarely.

+

+*=Old woman's bonnet=. _Geum rivale_, Water Avens.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+*=Old woman's pincushion=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted

+Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Ollit=. See ~Elet~.

+

+=On=. (1) =_in_, prep., as 'I run agen un on th' street' (A.).--N.

+& S.W. (2) =_in_, prefix, as _ondacent_.--N. & S.W. (3) =_im_,

+prefix, as _onpossible_ (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (4) =_un_, prefix, as

+_ongainly_ (B.). _Onlight_, to alight.--N. & S.W. (5) =_of_, as 'I

+never did thenk much on 'en.'--N. & S.W. (6) =_by_, as 'He come on a

+mistake.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Once=. (1) Some time or other (M.). 'Once before ten o'clock,' some

+time or other before ten.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Send it once this morning, dooke.'--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+(2) 'I don't once (=for one moment) think as you'll catch un.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Oo=. Such words as _hood_, wood, _want_, a mole, _wonder_, &c., are

+usually pronounced in N. Wilts as _'ood_, _'oont_, _'oonder_.

+

+*=Organy=. (1) _Mentha Pulegium_, L., Pennyroyal (A.B.). (2)

+_Origanum vulgare_, L., Marjoram (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Otherguise=. Otherwise.--N.W.

+

+=Out-axed=. Of a couple, having had their banns fully asked, or

+called for the last time (_Wilts Tales_, p. 100). The banns are then

+_out_, and the couple _out-axed_.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-cake=. Half a loaf, baked at the oven's mouth.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-lug=. The pole used as a poker in an oven. See ~Lug~ (2).--N.W.

+

+*=Over-get=. To overtake, to catch up.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Overlayer=. See quotation.

+

+    'The waggons ... seldom have any overlayers or out-riggers,

+    either at the ends or sides.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xxxviii.

+

+=Overlook=. To bewitch. Rare in Wilts, common in Dev. and Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Over-right=, =Vorright=. Opposite to.--N.W.

+

+=Owl about=. To moon about out of doors in the dark.--N.W.

+

+=Owling=. The same as ~Griggling~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+Compare:--

+

+    'Howlers. Boys who in former times went round wassailing the

+    orchards.'--PARISH, _Sussex Glossary_.

+

+    'The wenches with their wassail bowls

+    About the streets are singing;

+    The boys are come to catch the owls.'--G. WITHER.

+

+*=Owl-catchers=. Gloves of stout leather (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).

+

+

+=Pack-rag Day=. October 11, Old Michaelmas Day, when people change

+house. Also used in Suffolk.--N.W.

+

+*=Paint-brushes=. _Eleocharis palustris_, Br.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+=Palm-tree=. The Willow. ~Palms.~ Its catkins.--S.W.

+

+=Pamper=. To mess about, to spoil a thing.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pancherd=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pank=. To pant (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Panshard=, =Ponshard=, =Pancherd=. (1) A potshard: a broken bit of

+crockery (A.B.S.).--N.W. (2) 'In a panshard,' out of temper, in a

+rage.--S.W. Also used in the New Forest.

+

+=Pantony=. A cottager's pantry (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112). Compare _Entony_, an entry: Berks. There are many slight

+variants, as ~Panterny~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Paper Beech=. _Betula alba_, L.--N.W.

+

+*=Parasol=. _Sanguisorba officinalis_, L., Salad Burnet.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Parson=. In carting dung about the fields, the heaps are shot down

+in lines, and are all of much the same size. Sometimes, however,

+the cart tips up a little too much, with the result that the

+whole cartload is shot out into a large heap. This is known as a

+'Parson.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Parters=. Pieces of wood in a waggon which join the dripple to the

+bed. See ~Waggon~.--N.W.

+

+=Passover=. 'A bit of a passover,' a mere passing shower.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Payze=. To raise with a lever (B.). Norman French _peiser_, cp. Fr.

+_poiser_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Peace-and-Plenty=. A kind of small double white garden

+Saxifrage.--S.W.

+

+=Peakid=, =Peaky=, =Picked=, =Picky=. Wan or sickly-looking.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pearl-blind=. See ~Purley~.

+

+=Peart=. (1) Impertinent (A.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) In good health. 'How

+be 'ee?' 'Aw, pretty peart, thank'ee.'--N. & S.W. (3) Clever, quick,

+intelligent.--S.W. (4) Stinging, sharp, as a blister.--S.W. (5)

+Lively. 'Her's as peart as ar' a bird, that's what her is!'--N.W.

+

+=Peck=. (1) _n._ A pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To use a

+pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ Of a horse, to trip or stumble: also

+~Peck-down~.--N.W.

+

+    'Captain Middleton's horse "pecked"--it is presumed through

+    putting its foot in a hole--and threw the rider.'--_Daily

+    Telegraph_, April 11, 1892.

+

+*=Pecker=. _n._ The nose (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Pecky=. Inclined to stumble. 'Th'old hoss goes terr'ble pecky.'--N.W.

+

+=Peel=. (1) A lace-making pillow (A.B.). A little 'Peel lace' is

+still made about Malmesbury. A.S. _pile_.--N.W. (2) The pillow over

+the axle of a waggon (D.). See ~Waggon~.--N.W. (3) The pole, with a

+flat board at end, for putting bread into the oven.--N.W.

+

+=Peggles=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pelt=. Rage, passion (A.S.). 'A come in, in such a pelt.'--N. & S.W.

+The word occurs in this sense in some old plays. Herrick alludes in

+_Oberon's Palace_ to 'the stings of peltish wasps,' and Topsell uses

+'pelting' for angry or passionate.

+

+    'You zims 'mazin afeert to zee your gran'fer in a pelt! 'Ten't

+    often as I loses my temper, but I've a-lost 'un now.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xii. #/

+

+=Penny= (or =Perry=) =moucher=. A corruption of ~Berry-moucher~, q.v.

+

+=Perkins=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.--N.W.

+

+=Perk up=. To get better, to brighten up.--S.W.

+

+*=Perseen=. _v._ To pretend to (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'There's Jack White a comin'; I wun't perseen ta know

+    un.'--_Mr. Slow._

+

+=Peter grievous=. (1) _n._ A dismal person, or one who looks much

+aggrieved. ~Pity grievous~ at Clyffe Pypard, and ~Peter grievous~ at

+Salisbury.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I'll tell you summat as 'll make 'ee look a pater

+    grievous!'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+(2) _adj._ Dismal-looking. 'He be a peter-grievious-looking sort of a

+chap.'--S.W.

+

+*=Peter-man=. See Jackson's _Aubrey_, p. 11.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Kington Langley ... the revel of the village was kept on

+    the Sunday following St. Peter's Day (29th June), on which

+    occasions a temporary officer called "the Peter-man" used to be

+    appointed, bearing the office, it may be presumed, of master of

+    the sports.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 83.

+

+=Peth=. The crumb of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Pethy=. Crumby, as 'a pethy loaf.'--N.W.

+

+=Pick=. (1) A hay-making fork (A.B.D.), a stable-fork (D.).

+_Pick_=pitch, as in _pitch-fork_ (Skeat).--N. & S.W. (2) The fruit of

+the sloe.

+

+=Picked= (two syll.). (1) Sharp-pointed. ~Piggid~ on Som. bord.

+'Thuck there prong yun't picked enough.'--N. & S.W. (2) Looking ill

+(S.). With features sharpened by ill-health. See ~Peakid~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pickpocket=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherd's Purse.--N. &

+S.W. (Enford, Mere, &c.)

+

+=Picky=. See ~Peakid~.

+

+*=Pie-curr=. _Fuligula cristata_, Tufted Duck (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+190).--S.W.

+

+=Pig-all=, =Pig-haw=. Fruit of the hawthorn (A.). ~Peggles~

+(Jefferies, _Marlborough Forest_, &c.)--N.W.

+

+=Pig-berry=. Fruit of the hawthorn (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pigeon-pair=. When a woman has only two children, a boy and a girl,

+they are called a 'pigeon pair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'So in N. Eng. "a dow's cleckin" (a dove's clutch) is used for

+    two children.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Piggid=. See ~Picked~ (1).

+

+=Pig-haw=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pig-meat=. The flesh of the pig in Wilts is, if fresh, 'pig-meat.'

+It is never 'pork' unless the animal is specially killed as a 'little

+porker.'

+

+*=Pig-muddle=. Disorder, mess.--N.W.

+

+=Pig-nut=. (1) _Bunium flexuosum_, With., The Earth-nut.--N. & S.W.

+(2) The very similar root of _Carum Bulbocastanum_, Koch., Tuberous

+Caraway.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Pig-potatoes=. Small potatoes, usually boiled up for the pigs.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pigs=. (1) See ~Boats~.--S.W. (Hants bord.) (2) Woodlice.--N. & S.W.

+Also ~Guinea-pigs~ and ~Butchers' Guinea-pigs~.

+

+=Pig-weed=. _Symphytum officinale_, L., Comfrey.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Pillars=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Pimrose=. A primrose. Also used in Hants.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pin-bone=. The hip bone; sometimes the hip itself.--N.W.

+

+=Pincushion=. (1) _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Pinner=. A servant's or milker's apron; a child's pinafore being

+generally called ~Pinney~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Next morn I missed three hens and an old cock, And off the

+    hedge two pinners and a smock.'

+

+    GAY, _The Shepherd's Week_.

+

+=Pinny-land=. Arable land where the chalk comes close to the surface,

+as opposed to the deeper clay land.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pins=. The hips. A cow with hips above its back is said to be 'high

+in the pins.'--N.W.

+

+=Pip=. The bud of a flower (B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Pish!= or =Pishty!= A call to a dog (A.). In co. Clare, Ireland,

+this is the order to a horse to stop.

+

+=Pissabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion, from its diuretic

+effects.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pissing-candle=. The least candle in the pound, put in to make up

+the weight (Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._). Cp. Norman French _peiser_,

+to weigh.--Obsolete.

+

+=Pit=. (1) _n._ A pond.--N.W. (2) _n._ The mound in which potatoes or

+mangolds are stored (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._

+'To pit potatoes,' to throw them up in heaps or ridges, in field or

+garden, well covered over with straw and beaten earth, for keeping

+through the winter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch=. (1) _n._ A steep place.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A pitch of work,'

+as much of the water-meadows as the water supply will cover well at

+one time (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W. (3) n. The quantity of

+hay, &c., taken up by the fork each time in pitching (_Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. iv).--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To load up wheat, &c., pitching

+the sheaves with a fork (S.).--N. & S.W. (5) _v._ To fix hurdles,

+&c., in place (_Bevis_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To settle

+down closely.

+

+    'Give the meadows a thorough good soaking at first ... to make

+    the land sink and pitch closely together.'--_Agric. of Wilts_,

+    ch. xii.

+

+(7) _v._ To lose flesh, waste away. Still in use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The lambs "pitch and get stunted," and the best summer food

+    will not recover them.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+(8) _v._ To set out goods for sale in market. 'There wur a main

+lot o' cheese pitched s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (9) _v._ To pave with

+~Pitchin~, q.v.--N.W. (10) _v._ Of ground, to have an uneven surface.

+'The ground this end o' the Leaze pitches uncommon bad.'--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Pitched market=. A market where the corn is exposed for sale, not

+sold by sample (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pitchin=. _n._ Paving is done with large flat stones, 'pitching'

+with small uneven ones set on edge (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitching-bar=. The iron bar used in pitching hurdles (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch-poll=. When rooks are flying round and round, playing and

+tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain), they are said

+to be 'playing pitch-poll'--N.W.

+

+=Pitch-up=. A short rest, as when a cart is going up a steep

+hill.--N.W.

+

+=Pit-hole=. The grave (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They lies, the two on 'em, the fourth and fifth i' the second

+    row, for I dug pit-holes for 'em.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch.

+    vi. p. 66.

+

+*=Pixy=. A kind of fairy. This is a Dev. and Som. word, but is said

+to be in use about Malmesbury.

+

+=Plain=. Straightforward, unaffected, as 'a plain 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plan=. 'In a poor plan,' unwell, in a poor way, &c.--N.W. (Seend.)

+

+*=Plank-stone=. A flag-stone.

+

+    'This soyle (at Easton Piers) brings very good oakes and witch

+    hazles; excellent planke stones.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 236.

+

+    'At Bowdon Parke, Ano 1666, the diggers found the bones of a

+    man under a quarrie of planke stones.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. of

+    Wilts_, p. 71, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Plash=, =Pleach=. To cut the upper branches of a hedge half

+through, and then bend and intertwine them with those left upright

+below, so as to make a strong low fence (A.). Also ~Splash~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Plat=. The plateau or plain of the downs.--S.W.

+

+=Pleach=. See ~Plash~.

+

+=Pleachers=. Live boughs woven into a hedge in laying.--S.W.

+

+=Plim=. (1) _v._ To swell out (A.B.S.), as peas or wood when soaked

+in water.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ Many years ago, near Wootton Bassett,

+old Captain Goddard spoke to a farmer about a dangerous bull, which

+had just attacked a young man. The farmer's reply was:--'If a hadn't

+a bin a _plimmin'_ an' _vertin'_ wi' his stick--so fashion--(i.e.

+flourishing his stick about in the bull's face), the bull wouldn't

+ha' run at un.' No further explanation of these two words appears to

+be forthcoming at present.

+

+=Plocks=. Large wood, or roots and stumps, sawn up into short

+lengths, and cleft for firewood (S.). ~Plock-wood~ (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plough=. A waggon and horses, or cart and horses together, make a

+plough (D.). See Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._--N.W.

+

+    'The team of oxen that drew the plough came to be called the

+    plough, and in some parts of South Wilts they still call even

+    a waggon and horses a plough. This is needful for you to know,

+    in case your man should some day tell you that the _plough_ is

+    gone for _coal_.'--_Wilts. Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+    '1690. Paid William Winckworth for Worke downe with his Plough

+    to the causway.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+    '1709. Paid for 41 days worke with a ploughe carrying stones to

+    the Causey.'--_Ibid._ p. 239.

+

+(2) For the various parts of the old wooden plough see as follows:--

+

+    'I should like to hear a Wiltshire boy who had been three years

+    at plough or sheep fold, cross-examine one of Her Majesty's

+    Inspectors of Schools, and ask him, in the article of a

+    plough, to be so good as to explain the difference between the

+    vore-shoot and back-shoot, the ground rest, the bread board,

+    the drail, the wing and point, and the whippence.'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Ploughman=. A waggoner or carter.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1690. Paid for beere for the plowmen and pitchers.'--_Records

+    of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+*=Ploughman's-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Plurals=. (1) The old termination in _en_ is still much used, as

+_Housen_, _Hipsen_, &c. See ~En~ (1). (2) Plurals in _es_ are very

+commonly used, as _beastes_, _ghostes_, _nestes_, _postes_, _gutses_.

+Very often a reduplication takes place, as _beastises_, _ghostises_,

+&c.--N. & S.W. (3) Plurals are used sometimes instead of singulars.

+Examples:--'Nows and thens,' 'You'll find un a little ways furder

+on,' &c.

+

+    'These are rather an adverbial use of the genitive, like

+    _always_, _now-a-days_, _needs_, _whiles_, etc.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(4) Plant-names are almost invariably used in the plural, even where

+only a single blossom is referred to, as 'What is that flower in your

+hand, Polly?' 'That's _Robins_, ma'am' (or _Cuckoos_, _Poppies_,

+_Nightcaps_, &c., as the case may be).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Poach=. (1) Of cattle, to trample soft ground into slush and

+holes.--N. & S.W. (2) Of ground, to become swampy from much trampling

+(_Wild Life_, ch. xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Podge=. Anything very thick and sticky. Cf. ~Stodge~.

+

+*=Pog=. *(1) To thrust with the foot.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To set

+beans.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Poison-berry=. (1) Fruit of _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+(2) Fruit of _Tamus communis_, L., Black Bryony.--N.W.

+

+=Poison-root=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+=Pole-ring=. The ring which fastens the scythe-blade to the snead

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Polly=. A pollard tree.--S.W. A Wiltshire man, on being told by the

+hospital surgeon that his arms would have to be amputated, exclaimed,

+'Be I to be shrowded like a owld polly?'

+

+=Polt=, =Powlt=. A blow (B.). A blow with a stick (A.). In Glouc.

+apples, walnuts, &c., are beaten down with a 'polting-lug,' or long

+pole.--N.W.

+

+=Ponshard=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pooch out=. (1) To project or stick out.--N.W. (2) To cause to

+project.--N.W. (3) 'To pooch out the lips,' to pout.--N.W.

+

+=Pook=. (1) _n._ A small cock of hay, &c. (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._

+To put up in pooks (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pooker=. A woman employed in pooking.--S.W.

+

+=Pookers'-tea=. The yearly treat given to the pookers.--S.W.

+

+=Pooking-fork=. The large prong, with a cross handle, for pushing

+along in front of the pookers, to make up the hay into pooks.--S.W.

+

+=Pop-hole=. A rabbit-hole running right through a bank, as opposed

+to ~Blind-hole~ (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi). Any hole through a

+hedge, wall, &c.--N.W.

+

+=Popple-stone=. A pebble (S.). A.S. _papol_.--S.W.

+

+=Poppy=, or =Poppies=. (1) _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove, so

+called because children inflate and 'pop' the blossoms. _Papaver_

+is only known as 'Red-weed' by children about Salisbury.--S.W.

+(2) _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion, also 'popped' by

+children.--S.W. (Salisbury.) *(3) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_).--N. & S.W. (Lyneham and

+Farley.)

+

+=Posy=. The garden Peony, from its size.

+

+=Pot=, or =Put=. (The latter is the usual S. Wilts form.) *(1) A

+tub or barrel (D.).--Obsolete. (2) A two-wheeled cart, made to tilt

+up and shoot its load (D.).--N. & S.W. Manure used formerly to be

+carried out to the fields in a pair of _pots_ slung across a horse's

+back. When wheels came into general use the term was transferred to

+the cart used for the same purpose (D.). See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Pot-dung=. Farmyard manure (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Pots-and-Kettles=. Fruit of _Buxus sempervirens_, L., Box.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin, Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pot-walloper= A 'pot-waller,' or person possessing a house with

+a 'pot-wall,' or kitchen fireplace for cooking. All such persons

+formerly had votes for the borough of Wootton Bassett. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 172.

+

+=Poult=. (1) 'A turkey poult,' a young turkey.--N. & S.W. (2) 'A

+perfect poult,' an awkward girl.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Pounceful=. Masterful, self-willed. Cf. ~Bounceful~. 'He preached

+pouncefully,' i.e. powerfully, forcibly.--S.W.

+

+=Powder-monkey=. (1) Damp gunpowder, moulded into a 'devil,' or cake

+which will smoulder slowly, used by boys for stupefying a wasp's

+nest. (2) Ash leaves with an even number of leaflets, worn by boys on

+the afternoon of May 29. See ~Shitsack Day~.

+

+=Power=. 'A power o' volk,' a number of people. A quantity of

+anything.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A's got a power of plaguy long spikes all auver's

+    body.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 118.

+

+=Powlts=. (1) Peas and beans grown together.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+(2) See ~Poult~ and ~Polt~.

+

+*=Poyn=. To pen sheep (D.).

+

+=Prawch=. To stalk, to swagger. 'I see un come a prawchin' along up

+the coort.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Preterites=. A few specimens may be given, as ~craup~, or ~crope~,

+crept; ~drowd~, threw; ~flod~, flew; ~fot~, ~vot~, or ~vaught~,

+fetched; ~hod~, hid; ~hut~, hit; ~lod~, led; ~obloge~, obliged;

+~raught~, reached; ~scrope~, scraped; ~slod~, slid; ~woc~, awoke;

+~seed~, ~seen~, saw.

+

+=Pretty-money=. Coins, such as old George-and-dragon crowns, or new

+Jubilee pieces, given to a child to keep as curiosities, not to be

+spent.--N.W.

+

+=Pride=. (1) The ovary of a sow.--N.W. *(2) The mud lamprey (H.).

+

+    '_Petromyzon branchialis._ L., ... in the southern part of

+    England is locally known as the Pride.'--SEELEY, _Fresh-water

+    Fishes of Europe_, p. 427.

+

+    'Lumbrici ... are lyke to lampurnes, but they be muche

+    lesse, and somewhat yeolowe, and are called in Wilshyre

+    prides.'--_Elyotes Dictionarie_, 1559, quoted by Hal.

+

+=Primrose soldiers=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Prin= it. Take it (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Privet=, =Brivet=. 'To privet about,' pry into things. 'To privet

+out,' to ferret out anything. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Pronged=. A scythe-blade with a small flaw in the edge which may

+develop into a serious crack is said to be 'pronged.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Pronouns=. ~I~, ~he~, and ~she~ do duty as accusatives, as 'He

+towld I, but I bean't a-goin' to do nothen for he.' ~Her~ and

+~us~ are nominatives, as 'Her be a girt vule, that her be'; 'Us

+be at coal-cart s'marnin.' ~Thee~ is used for both thou and thy,

+as 'What's thee name?' 'What's thee'se want to knaw vor?' 'Never

+thee mind.' ~Hyn~, or more commonly ~un~,=him, or it, as 'I seed

+un a-doing on't'; 'poor zowl on hyn!' This is the old _hime_, the

+accusative of _he_. ~A~=he, as 'How a hackers an bivers!' ~Thac~,

+~Thuck~, or ~Thuck there~=that. ~Themmin~=those. ~Thic~, ~Thissum~,

+~Thease~, ~Thic here~, &c.=this. ~Theesum~, or ~Theesum here~=these.

+Occasionally ~Theesen~ in S. Wilts. ~Thick~ and ~Thuck~ require some

+explanation. ~Thuck~ always=_that_, but is mainly a N. Wilts form,

+its place in S. Wilts being usually taken by ~Thick~. ~Thic~ or

+~Thick~ often=_this_ in N. Wilts, but far more frequently=_that_,--in

+fact, the latter may probably now be taken as its normal meaning,

+although it would appear to have been otherwise formerly. In

+_Cunnington MS._, for instance, it is stated that 'The old terms

+_thic_ and _thoc_ almost constantly exclude the expressions This

+and That,' and similar statements are found in other authorities.

+In ~Thick here~ and ~Thick there~ the use of the adverb defines the

+meaning more precisely. As regards the neighbouring counties, it may

+be said that in Som. and Dors. ~thick~=_that_; while in N. Hants it

+never does so (see Cope's _Glossary_), always there meaning _this_.

+It should be noted that the _th_ is usually sounded _dth_, much as

+in Anglo-Saxon. ~His'n~=his; ~Hern~, or occasionally ~Shis'n~,=hers;

+~Ourn~=ours; ~Theirn~=theirs; ~Yourn~=yours; ~Whosen~=whose, as

+'Whosen's hat's thuck thur?' ~Mun~=them, is occasionally, but not

+often, used. ~Arra~, ~Arra one~, ~Arn~, &c.=any. Negatives, ~Narra~,

+~Narra one~, ~Narn~, &c. 'Hev 'ee got arra pipe, Bill?' 'No, I han't

+got narn.' In the Pewsey Yale ~Ma~ is occasionally used for ~I~, in

+such phrases as 'I'll go we 'ee, shall ma?' or 'I don't stand so

+high as he, do ma?' About Malmesbury (and elsewhere in N. Wilts) the

+following forms may be noted:--~Wither~, other; ~Theasamy~, these;

+~Themmy~, those; ~Totherm~ or ~Tothermy~, the other.

+

+=Proof=. _n._ Of manure, hay, &c., the strength or goodness. 'The

+rain hev waished aal the proof out o' my hay.' 'That there muckle

+bain't done yet; the proof yun't gone out on't.'--N. & S.W. A

+thriving tree is said to be in 'good proof.'

+

+=Proofey=. Stimulating, fattening.--N.W.

+

+    'The Monkton pastures used to be of good note in Smithfield,

+    from the very feel of the beasts. There are no more "proofey"

+    fatting grounds in Wilts.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 29.

+

+=Proof maggot=. The larva of the gadfly, which causes warbles in

+cattle.--N.W.

+

+=Proper=. 'Her's a proper beauty,' is extremely handsome. 'He's a

+proper fool,' an utter idiot.--N.W.

+

+=Proud=. When wheat is too rank and forward in winter, it is said to

+be 'winter-proud' (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pucker=. Perplexity, dilemma (S.) 'I be in a main pucker 'bout what

+to do wi' they taters.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pucksey= (1) A quagmire. 'The roads wer aal in a pucksey,' i.e. very

+muddy. 'Out of the mucksey (=mixen) into the pucksey,' from bad to

+worse.--S.W. (2) Hence, a mess or muddle. 'What a pucksey the house

+be in!' i.e. a dirty untidy state.--S.W.

+

+=Pud=. The hand; a nursery word.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pud-beggar=, =Pudbaiger=. The Water Spider (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A very interesting word. M.E. _padde_, a toad, _paddock_,

+    Dev. and East Anglia. M.E. _pode_, tadpole, Icelandic

+    _padda_, used of any beetles or insects that inhabit stagnant

+    water.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Puddle= or =Piddle about=. To potter about, doing little jobs of no

+great utility.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pue=. The udder of a cow or sheep (A.). Fr. _pis_, Lat. _pectus_.

+

+=Pug=. (1) _n._ The pulp of apples which have been pressed for

+cider.--N.W. *(2) _v._ To eat (H.Wr.). *(3) To ear, plough, till

+(Wr.).

+

+=Pummy=. _n._ A soft mass. 'To beat all to a pummy'; from _pomace_,

+the apple-pulp in cider-making.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purdle=. To turn head over heels in a fall.--N.W.

+

+=Pure=. In good health. 'Quite purely,' quite well (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purler=. A knock-down blow, a heavy fall.--N.W.

+

+    'One of them beggars had come up behind, and swung his

+    gun round, and fetched him a purler on the back of his

+    head.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ix.

+

+=Purley=. Weak-sighted (A.H.Wr.). ~Pearl blind~ is sometimes

+similarly used.

+

+=Pussy-cats=, =Pussies=, and =Pussies'-tails=. Catkins of willow and

+hazel, more commonly of willow only (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pussyvan=. See ~Puzzivent~.

+

+=Pussy-willow=. _Salix._--S.W.

+

+=Put=. See ~Pot~ (S.).

+

+=Put about=. To vex, to worry. 'Now dwoan't 'ee go an' put yourself

+about wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Puzzivent=. A flurry or taking. 'He put I in such a puzzivent.'

+Formerly used in both N. and S. Wilts, but now almost obsolete.

+Fr. _poursuivant_. According to a note in _The Astonishing History

+of Troy Town_, by 'Q,' ch. xvii, the phrase originated from the

+contempt with which the West-country sea-captains treated the

+poursuivants sent down by Edward IV to threaten his displeasure.

+Hence _pussivanting_, ineffective bustle, Dev. and Corn.--N. & S.W.

+~Pussyvan~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Puzzle-pound=. The game of ~Madell~, q.v.--S.W. (Longbridge

+Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pwine-end=. The whole gable-end of a house, which runs up to a

+sharp point or _pwine_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+=Quakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quamp=. Still, quiet (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+*=Quamped=, =Quomped=. Subdued, disappointed. See ~Quamp~.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Quanked=. Overpowered by fatigue (A.). Compare ~Cank~.

+

+=Quar=, =Quarr=. (1) _n._ A stone-quarry (A.B.G.S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To work as a quarryman (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quar-Martin=. _Hirundo riparia_, Sand-Martin, from its breeding

+in holes drilled in the face of sandy quarries (_Wild Life_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+=Quat=, =Qwot=, or =Qwatty=. (1) To crouch down (sometimes, but not

+always, remaining quite still), as a scared partridge (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii). To squat (A.); to sit (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To

+flatten, to squash flat.--N.W.

+

+*=Quavin-gog= or =Quaving-gog=.A quagmire (A.B.H.Wr.). See

+~Gog~.--N.W.

+

+    'In the valley below the hill on which Swindon is built, are

+    some quagmires, called by the inhabitants quaving-gogs, which

+    are considered of great depth, and are consequently shunned as

+    places of danger.'--_Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii. p. 8.

+

+*=Quean=.A woman.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'The Saxon word _quean_, woman, is still used without any

+    objectionable meaning, but its use is rare.'--_Leisure Hour_,

+    Aug. 1893.

+

+    'When a man says of his wife that "th' old quean" did so

+    and so, he means no disrespect to her, any more than if he

+    were speaking of his child as "the little wench."'--MISS E.

+    BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Queed=, =Quid=. (1) _n._ The cud. 'To chamme the queed' is given as

+a Wiltshire phrase in _MS. Lansd._ 1033 (H.).--N.W. *(2) Quid. _v._

+To suck (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Queen's-cushion=. A seat for a little girl, made by two persons

+crossing hands, and so carrying her between them. When a boy is so

+carried the term used is ~King's-cushion~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quest=, =Quist=. The Woodpigeon, _Columba palumbus_ (A.B.);

+~Quisty~. 'Thee bist a queer quist,' i.e. a strange sort of

+fellow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The Wiltshire labourers invariably call it ... the

+    "Quisty."'--_Birds of Wilts_, p. 318.

+

+=Quid=. See ~Queed~.

+

+=Quiddle=. (1) _n._ A fussy person; one hard to satisfy in trifling

+matters of diet, &c.--S.W. (2) _n._ To make a fuss over trifles

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Quiet Neighbours=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian.--S.W. (Longbridge Deverill.)

+

+=Quiff=. A knack, a trick. 'Ther's a quiff about thuck old

+gate-latch.'--N.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Mr. F. J. Kennedy, secretary of the Belfast Angling

+    Association ... "worked a quiff," to use a slang phrase, on a

+    well-known Lagan poacher.'--_Fishing Gazette_, Aug. 20, 1892,

+    p. 154.

+

+*=Quile=. A heap of hay ready for carrying. Fr. _cueiller_.--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+=Quill=. The humour, mood, or vein for anything. 'I can work as well

+as or a man, when I be in the quill for 't.' To 'Quill a person' in

+the language in use at Winchester College is to please, or humour

+him. This is very near the Wilts use.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Quilt=. (1) _v._ To swallow (A.B.C.G.). 'The baby wur that bad, it

+couldn't quilt nothen.' This is used of swallowing in the natural

+way, while _glutch_ is to swallow with difficulty (C.).--N.W. (2)

+_n._ A gulp, a mouthful of liquid. 'Have a quilt on't?' have a drop

+of it.--N.W.

+

+=Quinnet=. _n._ (1) A wedge, as the iron wedge fastening the ring of

+the scythe nibs in place, or the wooden wedge or cleat which secures

+the head of an axe or hammer.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) See ~Scythe~.

+

+=Quirk=. To complain (A.B.G.); spelt Quisk by Akerman in error. To

+grunt (S.); to croak. A frog often quirks, and a toad sometimes.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Quiset about=. To pry about (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112).--N.W.

+

+=Quisk=. See ~Quirk~.

+

+=Quist=, =Quisty=. See ~Quest~.

+

+=Quob=. (1) A soft wet place, a piece of marsh or bog.--N.W. Cp. W.

+of Eng. _quob_, a bog; _quob-mire_, Salop. (2) Hence 'all in a quob,'

+said of a bad bruise.--N.W.

+

+=Quomped=. See ~Quamped~.

+

+*=Quop=. To throb (A.B.G.).

+

+

+=R=. (1) In pronunciation _r_ often has _d_ or _t_ affixed or

+prefixed, as ~Cavaltry~, horsemen; ~Crockerty~, crockery; ~Millard~,

+miller, &c. (2) See ~Har~. (3) Transpositions frequently occur, as

+_cruds_, curds; _cruddle_, to curdle; _girn_, to grin; _girt_, great;

+_gird'l_, a great deal; _hirn_, to run.

+

+=Rabbit-flower=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, DC., the flowers of which,

+when pulled apart, form two little pink rabbits.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rabbits=. Blossoms of Snapdragon when pinched off the stem.--S.W.

+

+*=Race=. The heart, liver and lungs of a calf (A.B.).

+

+=Rack=. (1) A rude narrow path, like the track of a small animal

+(A.S.). See Gen. Pitt-Rivers' _Excavations in Cranborne Chase_, vol.

+i. ch. i. On Exmoor the wild deer always cross a wall or hedge at the

+same spot. The gap thus formed is called a 'rack.' See _Red Deer_,

+ch. iv. Also in W. Somerset.--S.W. (2) Apparently also sometimes used

+in the sense of a boundary.--S.W.

+

+=Radical=. 'A young radical,' a regular young Turk, a troublesome

+young rascal. Also used in Somerset.--N.W.

+

+=Rafter=. To plough so as to leave a narrow strip of ground

+undisturbed, turning up a furrow on to it on each side, thus

+producing a succession of narrow ridges (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).

+See ~Balk-ploughing~.--N.W.

+

+=Rafty=, =Rasty=, =Rusty=. Of bacon, rancid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rag-mag=. A ragged beggar, or woman all in tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rail=. To crawl or creep about, to walk slowly (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 112). 'I be that weak I can't hardly rail about.'--N.W.

+

+=Raims=, =Reams=. A mere bag of bones, a very thin person. 'He do

+look as thin as a raims.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Raimy=. Very thin.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. A curve (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Ramping=. Tall, as 'a rampin' gel.'--N.W.

+

+*=Randin=. Riotous living.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Randy=. (1) _n._ A noisy merry-making (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury,

+etc.) (2) _n._ 'On the randy,' living in a riotous or immoral

+manner.--N. & S.W. (3) _adj._ A woman who used to be a regular

+attendant at all the tea-meetings and other gatherings of the kind in

+her neighbourhood in N. Wilts was usually spoken of as being 'a randy

+sort o' a 'ooman'--_randy_ apparently being there applied to such

+gatherings.

+

+*=Range=. Two drifts or rows of felled underwood (D.).

+

+=Rangle=. To twine round anything as a climbing plant does.--S.W.

+(Som. bord.)

+

+=Rank=, =Ronk=. (1) Audacious. 'Hands off! Thee bist a bit too

+ronk!'--N.W. (2) Outrageous, as applied to a fraud or a lie.--N.W.

+

+*=Rannel=. _adj._ Ravenously hungry.--N.W.

+

+    'A man comes in rannel vor 's food, and plaguey little dacent

+    vittles can a get.'--_Dark_, ch. ii.

+

+=Rant=. (1) v. To tear.--N.W.

+

+    'She "ranted" the bosom of her print dress.'--_Field Play._

+

+(2) _n._ A tear or rent.--N.W.

+

+=Rantipole=. _Daucus Carota_, L., Wild Carrot (_English Plant

+Names_).--N.W.

+

+=Rap=, =Wrap=. A thin strip of wood.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rapid=. 'A rapid pain,' 'rapid weather,' i.e. very violent. Always

+so used at Clyffe Pypard. So in W. Somerset.--N.W.

+

+    'This is a Latin use: cf. Virgil's _rapidus aestus_ (Bucol.

+    ii. 10) and _rapidus sol_ (_Georg._ ii. 321)=strong,

+    violent.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Rare=. Underdone, but not raw. Reer (A.). Pronounced _Raa_.

+

+=Rash=. To burn in cooking (H.Wr.). Sometimes used of malt.

+

+=Rasty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+*=Rathe-ripes=. (1) An early kind of pea (B.). (2) An early kind of

+apple.

+

+*=Rattle-basket=. (1) _Rhinanthus Crista-galli_, L., Yellow

+Rattle.--S.W. (Zeals.) *(2) _Erica cinerea?_ Heath. Heard only from

+one person.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Rattle-thrush=. _Turdus viscivorus_, the Missel-thrush, occasionally

+extended to any very large Song-thrush. ~Rassel-thrush~ at Huish.--N.

+& S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+*=Rattle-weed=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.)

+

+=Rave=. The ring of twisted hazel by which hurdles are fastened to

+their stakes or shores.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Raves=, =Reaves=. The waggon-rails (D.S.). At Clyffe Pypard applied

+to the flat woodwork projecting over the wheels from the side of the

+forward part of a waggon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rawmouse, Raamouse=. The reremouse or bat; used at Tormarton, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c. ~Bat-mouse~ is, however, in more general use. ~Ryemouse~

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Rawney=, =Rowney=. (1) _adj._ Thin, poor, and uneven, as applied

+to badly manufactured cloth (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of persons,

+extremely thin.--S.W. (Som. bord.), occasionally.

+

+=Ray=, or =Array=. _v._ To dress and clean corn (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Ray-sieve=. _n._ A sieve used to get the dust out of horses' chaff.

+~Rayen-sieve~ on Dorset bord.--N.W.

+

+=Reams=. See ~Raims~.

+

+=Reap-hook=. The 'rip-hook' is a short-handled hook without teeth,

+the blade bent beyond the square of the handle; used to cut to the

+hand a handful at a time (D.). The old reaping-sickle was toothed or

+serrated. See ~Hal~. _s.v._ ~Hook~.

+

+=Red Bobby's eye=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb-Robert.--S.W.

+(Redlynch.)

+

+=Red Fiery Bang-tail=. See ~Bang-tail~.

+

+=Red Robin Hood=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Red-Robins=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Red-weed=. Red Poppy (D.). The only name for _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c.,

+used about Salisbury and Warminster, _Digitalis_ being the 'Poppy' of

+those parts. One of our oldest plant-names.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Reed=. Unthreshed and unbroken straw reserved for thatching

+(S.). A Somerset and Devon word. 'Reed' is seldom used in Wilts,

+where ordinary threshed straw, made up into 'elms,' is the common

+material.--S.W.

+

+=Reer=. See ~Rare~.

+

+=Reeve=. To draw into wrinkles.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Remlet=. A remnant.--N.W.

+

+=Reneeg=, =Renegue= (_g_ always hard). To back out of an engagement,

+to jilt.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) In Ireland a horse refusing a fence

+would be said to _renage_. See Whyte-Melville's _Satanella_, ch. i.

+p. 7: _Lear_, ii. 2, &c.

+

+=Revel=. A pleasure fair; a parochial festival, a wake (A.B.), as

+'Road Revel.' A village Club Feast (S.).--N. & S.W. There was a

+revel held at Cley Hill formerly, on Palm Sunday, and one at Kington

+Langley on the Sunday following St. Peter's Day.

+

+=Rhaa=. Hungry, ravenous. See ~Rhan~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, rarely.)

+

+=Rhan= (pronounced _Rhaan_). To eat voraciously (S.). A form of

+_raven_. Cf. West of Eng. _ranish_, ravenous.--S.W.

+

+*=Rhine= (pronounced _Reen_). A water-course. This is a Som.

+word.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Mr. Powell mentions a Wiltshire poem, which

+begins:--

+

+    'There once were a frog that lived in a ditch, Or 'twere may be

+    a rheen, it don't matter which.'

+

+=Rick-barken=. A rick-yard (A.). See Barken.--N.W.

+

+=Rick-stick=. In thatching, after the 'elms' are fastened down with

+'spicks' or 'spars' the thatch is then lightly combed over with the

+'rick-stick,' a rod with a few teeth at one end and an iron point at

+the other by which it can be stuck into the thatch when not in actual

+use.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Riddle=. (1) _n._ A coarse sieve (A.B.). Cp. A.S. _hridder_. See

+Rudder.--N. & S.W. (2) v. To sift. 'Hev 'ee riddled they ashes well

+s'marnin'?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ridge-tie=. A back chain for shafts. ~Wridgsty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Riffle=. A knife-board on which 'callus-stone' is used (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Rig=. (1) _n._ A horse which has not been 'clean cut,' i.e. is only

+half gelded, owing to one of its stones never having come down.--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To climb up upon (S.), or bestride anything, either in

+sport or wantonness. 'To rig about' is commonly used in S. Wilts of

+children clambering about on wood-piles, walls, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rigget=. A woodlouse.--S.W. (Heytesbury.)

+

+=Ring=. 'To ring bees,' to make a noise with poker and shovel when

+they swarm.--N.W.

+

+=Rinnick=. The smallest and worst pig of a litter. Sometimes

+abbreviated into ~Nurk~. Cf. North of England _Rannack_, a worthless

+fellow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Robin's eyes=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb Robert.--S.W.

+

+=Rock=. The 'fur' or calcareous deposit inside a kettle.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rocket=. 'Don your rocket,' put on your bonnet.--S.W. (Downton.) No

+doubt originally this meant a woman's dress or cloak (_rochet_), as

+in M.E., but it has long been transferred to the bonnet. In Devon

+_rochet_ is still sometimes applied to female dress.

+

+=Roke=. Smoke.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rollers= (_o_ short). (1) _n._ The long lines into which hay is

+raked before pooking.--S.W. (Warminster, &c.) (2) _v._ Rolly. To put

+grass into rollers (_Cycl. of Agric._).--S.W.

+

+*=Rommelin=. Rank, overgrown (A.).

+

+=Ronk=. See ~Rank~.

+

+*=Rook Hawk=. _Falco subbuteo_, the Hobby (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 72).

+

+=Ropey=. _adj._ (1) 'Rawpey bread,' a term applied to that peculiar

+condition of home-made bread, known only in dry summer weather, and

+caused by a kind of second fermentation, when the inside of the loaf

+appears full of minute threads, and has a disagreeable taste.--N.W.

+(2) Also applied to thick drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Rough=. (1) _adj._ Unwell, as 'He bin terr'ble rough this

+fortnight.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'There, she was took rough as it might be uv a Monday, and

+    afore Tuesday sundown she was gone, a-sufferin' awful.'--_The

+    Story of Dick_, ch. viii. p. 85.

+

+(2) 'To sleep rough,' or 'lay rough,' to sleep about out of doors

+like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To treat roughly, to ill-use.

+'Thuck there hoss 'll kick 'ee, if so be as you do rough un.'--N.W.

+

+=Rough Band=. A housset. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88.

+

+=Rough-carpenter=. The same as ~Hedge-carpenter~.--N.W.

+

+=Rough Music=. The same as _Housset_ and _Skimmenton_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tail=. _v._ To clip the dirty locks of wool off the tail and

+legs of sheep, previously to shearing. Very commonly used in many

+parts of the county.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tailings=. The locks so clipt, which are washed and dried,

+and usually sold at half-price.--N.W.

+

+*=Rouse=. 'To catch and rouse,' see ~Catch~.

+

+=Rowet-grass=. The long rough grass in hedges, &c., which cattle

+refuse; rowan or coarse aftergrass.--N.W.

+

+=Rowetty=. Of grass, coarse and rough.--N.W.

+

+    'Tangled dead ferns and rowetty stuff.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_,

+    ch. ii.

+

+    'That "rowetty" grass seen in the damp furrows of the

+    meadows.'--_Wild Life_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Our low meadowes is ... rowtie, foggie, and full of

+    flags.'--HARRISON'S _Description of Britain_.

+

+=Rowey=. Rough (C.). See ~Rowetty~.

+

+*=Rowless-thing=. In the _Diary_ of the Parliamentary Committee at

+Falstone House, S. Wilts, 1646-7, this curious phrase frequently

+occurs, apparently meaning waste and unprofitable land. It is

+once applied to a living. Several forms of it are used, as

+_Rowlass-thing_, _Rowlist-thing_, and _Rowless-thing_. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._, Nov. 1892, pp. 343-391. We have been unable to trace the

+word elsewhere, so that it may possibly be of local origin.

+

+    'George Hascall is become tenant for a Rowlass thing called

+    Dawes-Frowd, land of Lord Arundell and estated out to Mrs.

+    Morley a recusant ... John Selwood and Richard Hickes tenants

+    unto Sir Giles Mompesson for his farm at Deptford and his

+    Rowless-thing called Hurdles at Wiley.'--_Diary_, &c.

+

+Sir Fras. Dowse, of Wallop, is said to have been possessed

+of 'another _thing_ called the Broyl [_Bruellii_ = woods] of

+Collingbourne.' See 'Wiltshire Compounders,' _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxiv. p. 58. In the New Forest a 'rough' is a kind of enclosure.

+

+    'Philips promised to feed the horse in a "rough" or enclosure

+    ... which was well fenced in, but the bank foundered and the

+    animal got out.'--_Salisbury Journal_, Aug. 5, 1893.

+

+=Rowney=. See ~Rawney~.

+

+=Rubble=. (1) In Wilts usually applied to the hard chalk used in

+making roadways through fields (_Wild Life_, ch. ii),--N. & S.W. (2)

+Rubbish (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rubbly=. _adj._ Of soil, loose from being full of broken bits of

+chalk (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Rucksey=. Muddy, dirty, untidy, as applied to road, weather, or

+house.--S.W.

+

+=Rudder=. (1) _n._ A sieve. A.S. _hridder_. See Riddle.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To sift.--N.W.

+

+=Rudderish=. Passionate, hasty (A.B.G.).--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Rudge=. _n._ The space between two furrows in a ploughed field.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Rumple=, _v._ To seduce. The full force of the word can only be

+given by _futuere_, as:--'He bin rumplin' that wench o' Bill's again

+laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. Anything in confusion; a disagreement (A.).

+

+=Rumpum-Scrumpum=. _n._ A rude kind of musical instrument, made

+of a piece of board, with an old tin tied across it as a bridge,

+over which the strings are strained. It is played like a banjo, or

+sometimes with a sort of fiddle-bow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rusty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+=Ryemouse=. The bat (A.B.). A form of Reremouse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Saat=. 'Saat bread,' soft, sweet puddingy bread, which pulls apart

+in ropes or strings, made from 'grown-out' wheat. Cp. Halliwell

+(~s.v.~ _Sad_): 'Sad bread, _panis gravis_, Coles.' See ~Zaad-paul~.

+

+=Sails=. The upright rods of a hurdle (D.). ~Hurdle-zailin'~, _sing_.

+(Clyffe Pypard).--N.W.

+

+=Sally-withy=. A willow (A.H.Wr.). A curious reduplication, both

+parts of the word having the same meaning in Anglo-Saxon.

+

+=Sar=. (1) To serve (S.) or feed (_Wilts Tales_, p. 112). 'Sar the

+pegs, wull 'ee,' i.e. 'Give them their wash.'--N. & S.W. (2) ''Twon't

+sar a minute to do't,' will not take a minute.--N.W.

+

+=Saturday's Pepper=. _Euphorbia Helioscopia_, L., Sun-spurge

+(_English Plant Names_). ~Saturday-night's-pepper~ (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Sauf=. As if (S.). 'Looks sauf 'twur gwain to rain.'--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Scallot=. Quarrymen's term for one of the upper beds of the Portland

+series--a fine white stone (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+=Scambling=. 'A scambling meal,' one taken in a rough and hurried

+way.--N.W.

+

+    'In the _Percy Household Book_, 1511, "Scamlynge days" is of

+    constant occurrence for _jours maigres_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Scat=. _v._ To whip, beat, smack, slap.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Scaut=. (1) _v._ To strain with the foot in supporting or pushing

+(A.); as at foot-ball, or in drawing a heavy load uphill; to stretch

+the legs out violently. ~Scote~ in S. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Stick your heels in the ground, arch your spine, and drag

+    with all your might at a rope, and then you would be said to

+    "scaut." Horses going uphill, or straining to draw a heavily

+    laden waggon through a mud hole "scaut" and tug.'--_Village

+    Miners._

+

+(2) _n._ The pole attached to the axle, and let down behind the

+wheel, to prevent the waggon from running back while ascending a hill

+(A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=School-bell=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., Harebell.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Scoop=. (1) A shovel (D.).--N.W. (2) Allowance or start in a race,

+&c. 'How much scoop be you a going to gie I?'--N. & S.W. (Baverstock,

+&c.)

+

+    'Alwaies dyd shroud and cut theyre fuel for that purpose

+    along all the Raage on Brayden's syde alwaies taking as

+    much Skoop from the hedge as a man could through [throw] a

+    hatchet.'--_Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne near

+    Wootton Bassett_, 1602.

+

+The original document is in the Devizes Museum.--N.W.

+

+=Scotch=. A chink, a narrow opening. The spaces between the boards in

+a floor are _scotches_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+=Scote=. See ~Scaut~.

+

+*=Scottle=. To cut badly or raggedly (H.Wr.). 'Her did scottle the

+stuff so, that my new gownd's 'tirely spwiled.'--N.W.

+

+=Scraamb=. 'To scraamb a thing down' is to reach up to it and pull it

+down violently (S.), in the manner thus described by Jefferies:--

+

+    'Suppose a bunch of ripe nuts high up and almost out of reach;

+    by dint of pressing into the bushes, pulling at the bough,

+    and straining on tiptoe, you may succeed in "scraambing" it

+    down. "Scraambing," or "scraambed," with a long accent on the

+    aa, indicates the action of stretching and pulling downwards.

+    Though somewhat similar in sound, it has no affinity with

+    scramble: people scramble for things which have been thrown on

+    the ground.'--_Village Miners._

+

+It would not be used of such an action as scrambling about on

+rocks.--N.W.

+

+*=Scram=, =Skram=. Awkward, stiff as if benumbed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Scran=. *(1) A bag (A.H.Wr.) in which food is carried.--N. & S.W.

+(2) Victuals (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Scratch Cradle=. Cat's-cradle (A.B.).

+

+=Screech=. (1) The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (A.).--N.W. (2)

+_Cypselus apus_, the Swift (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 309).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Screechetty=. _adj._ Creaky (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Screech Thrush=. The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 129).--S.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+*=Scricele=. To creak or squeak. See ~Scruple~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scriggle=. To take the last apples. See ~Griggles~.--N.W.

+

+=Scroff=, =Scruff=. Fragments of chips (S.). The refuse of a

+wood-shed; ashes and rubbish for burning.--S.W.

+

+=Scrouge=. To squeeze, press, or crowd any one (A.B.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee come a scrougin' on I zo!'

+

+=Scrow=. (1) Angry, surly (A.H.).--N.W. *(2) Sorry, vexed.--N. &

+S.W., occasionally.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+    caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Scrump=. (1) _n._ A very dried up bit of anything (S.), as toast

+or roast meat 'done all to a scrump' (_Cottage Ideas_).--N. &. S.W.

+(2) Hence, sometimes applied to a shrivelled-up old man.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _v._ 'Don't scrump up your mouth like that!' i.e. squeeze it up

+in making a face.--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To crunch. A sibilated form of

+Crump.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scrumpshing=. Rough play: used by boys (_Bevis_, ch. ix).--N.W.

+

+=Scrupet=. To creak or grate, as the ungreased wheel of a barrow

+(_Village Miners_). Also Scroop, Scripet, Scrupetty, Scroopedee (S.),

+&c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scruple=. To squeak or creak. 'When the leather gets old-like, he

+sort o' dries up, an' then he do scruple--he do scricele, Sir!' i.e.

+the saddle squeaks. Cf. ~Scroop~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scuff about= or =along=. To drag one's feet awkwardly, as in too

+large slippers; to 'scuff up' the dust, as children do for amusement,

+by dragging a foot along the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scuffle=. An oven-swab.--S.W.

+

+=Scythe=. The various parts of the scythe are as follows in N.

+Wilts:--~Snead~, or ~Snaith~, the pole; ~Nibs~, the two handles;

+~Pole-ring~, the ring which secures the blade; Quinnets (1) the

+wedges which hold the rings of the nibs tight, *(2) the rings

+themselves (A.); ~Crew~, the tang of the blade, secured by the

+pole-ring to the snead.

+

+=Seed-lip=. The box in which the sower carries his seed (D.)

+(_Village Miners_). A.S. _léap_, basket, Icel. _laupr_.--N. & S.W.

+Misprinted _Seed-tip_ in Davis.

+

+=Seer!= or =Sire!= 'I say, look here!' a very usual mode of opening a

+conversation when the parties are some distance apart.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Seg=, =Sig=. Urine.--S.W.

+

+=Seg-cart=. The tub on wheels in which urine is collected from house

+to house for the use of the cloth mills.--S.W.

+

+=Sewent=, =Shewent=, =Suant=. (1) _adj._ Even, regular (A.B.C.S.),

+working smoothly. Formerly used all over the county, but now growing

+obsolete, although it is not infrequently heard still in S. Wilts.

+O.Fr. _suant_, pr. part. of _suivre_, to follow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is evenly

+    wove and not Rowey--it is also applied in other cases to denote

+    a thing Level and even.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*(2) Demure (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'To Look Shewent, is to Look demure.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shab off=. To go off (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Shackle=. (1) A hurdle wreath or tie (S.): a twisted band of straw,

+hay, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) 'All in a shackle,' loose, disjointed

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (Devizes, Huish, Salisbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shaft-tide=, or =Shrift=. Shrovetide.--S.W.

+

+=Shaggle=. Of a bough, &c., to shake.--S.W.

+

+=Shakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shally-gallee=. Poor, flimsy (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Compare

+_Spurgally_, wretched, poor, Dors.; and _Shally-wally_, a term of

+contempt in N. of England.--N.W.

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone (_Sarum

+Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Shammock=. To shamble or shuffle along hastily.

+

+*=Shandy=. A row about nothing (S.). Probably a form of

+_Shindy_.--S.W.

+

+=Shape= (pronounced _shap_). To manage, arrange, attempt, try. 'I'll

+shap to do 't,' try to do it. Compare the similar use of _frame_ in

+some counties.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Shard=, =Shord=, =Sheard=. (1) A gap in a hedge (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough

+    th' geat.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 167.

+

+    '1636. Itm. to Robert Eastmeade for mendinge a shard in

+    Englands ijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 207.

+

+(2) A narrow passage between walls or houses; usually Shord.--S.W.

+(3) 'To put in a shard, or shord,' to bay back or turn the water in a

+meadow trench by a rough dam, such as a piece of wood or a few sods

+of turf.--N.W.

+

+(4) 'A cow-shard,' a cow-clat.

+

+*=Shares=. The cross-bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Sharpish=. Considerable. 'I be eighty-vive to-year, an' 'tis a

+sharpish age.'--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Sharps=. The shafts of a cart (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shaul=. v. To shell nuts. Compare _Shalus_, husks (_Chron.

+Vilod._).--N.W.

+

+=Sheening=. Thrashing by machinery (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Sheep=. See _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 260; also quotation below.

+

+    'In the article of sheep what strange nomenclature! Besides the

+    intelligible names of ram, ewe, and lamb, we have wether hogs,

+    and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram tegs, and theaves, and

+    two-tooths, and four-tooths, and six-tooths. So strange is the

+    confusion that the word hog is now applied to any animal of a

+    year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver hog sheep. "Chilver" is

+    a good Anglo-Saxon word, "cylfer" [this should be "cilfer"] ...

+    a chilver hog sheep simply means, in the dialect of the Vale of

+    Warminster, a female lamb a year old.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Sheep-bed= (_Ship-bed_). When a labourer had drunk too much, he

+would 'take a ship-bed,' i.e. lie down like a sheep to sleep in a

+grass-field, till he was sober.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Sheep's-cage=. The same as ~Lamb's-cage~.--N.W.

+

+=Sheep-sleight=. See Sleight (D.). Common in Wilts (Jackson's

+_Aubrey_, p. 10).

+

+=Sheer=. Sharp, cutting. 'Uncommon sheer air s'marnin', yunnit?'--N.W.

+

+=Shekel=. (1) The old reaping sickle, now quite superseded by the

+vagging-hook. The first _e_ is long. An old labourer, on being asked

+how he used to sharpen his ancient reaping-sickle, said, 'I did allus

+use to car' a grab [crab-apple] wi' me, an' draa my shekel droo

+un,' the acid biting like aquafortis into the curiously serrated

+edge of the steel, and renewing it without injury. Farm-lads still

+sharpen their knives thus. See _Great Estate_, ch. v; also _Summer in

+Somerset_.--N.W., obsolete. (2) The fork in which 'elms' are carried

+up to the thatcher.--N.W.

+

+=Shepherds'-crowns=. Fossil _Echini_.--N.W.

+

+*=Shepherds'-pedler=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherds' purse.

+

+=Shepherds'-Thyme=. _Polygala calcarea_, Sch., Chalk Milkwort.--S.W.

+(Salisbury, Bishopstone, Little Langford, &c.).

+

+=Shepherds'-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shewent=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Shick-shack=. See ~Shitsack~.

+

+*=Shim=. It seems. 'He's a fine fellow, shim' (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+    'This word is rather of Glocestershire, but it is nevertheless

+    in use on the North Border of Wilts.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shimmy=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed. Reported to us

+as 'Chemise.'--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shirp=, or =Shrip=. (1) 'To shirp off,' to shred or cut off a little

+of anything.--S.W. (2) 'To shrip up,' to shroud up the lower boughs

+of roadside trees, to cut off the side twigs of a hedge or bush.--N.W.

+

+*=Shirt-buttons=. Flowers of _Stellaria Holostea_, Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shitabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Shitsack=, or =Shitzack=. An oak-apple (H.Wr.). Oak-apple and leaf

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shitsack, or Shick-shack Day=. King Charles' day, May 29. The

+children carry ~Shitsack~, sprigs of young oak, in the morning, and

+~Powder-monkey~, or ~Even-Ash~, ash-leaves with an equal number

+of leaflets, in the afternoon. See _Wild Life_, ch. v.--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shivery-bivery=. All in a shake with cold or fright.--N.W.

+

+=Shog=. To sift ashes, &c., by shaking the sieve.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Shog off=. To decamp in a hurried, stealthy, or cowardly manner

+(A.B.C.).--N.W.

+

+=Shoot=, =Shute=. (1) A young female pig of three or four months old

+(D.).--N. & S.W. (2) _Fore-shoot and Backward-shoot_, the pieces

+of wood immediately behind the coulter of a plough (D.). (3) A

+precipitous descent in a road; a steep narrow path.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shord=. See ~Shard~.

+

+=Shore=. _n._ The edge of a ditch on the meadow side (_Wild Life_,

+ch. xviii).--N.W.

+

+    'A Mearstone lyinge within the Shoore of the

+    Dyche.'--Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne, 1602.

+

+=Shot=, or =Shut of, to be=. To rid one's self of a thing. 'Her can't

+get shut o' thuck there vool of a bwoy.'-N. & S.W.

+

+=Shoulder, to put out the=. At Clyffe Pypard and Hilmarton it is

+customary to ask a man whose banns have been published once, 'How his

+shoulder is?'--because you have heard that it has been 'put out o'

+one side,' owing to his having 'vallen plump out o' the pulput laas'

+Zunday.' Next Sunday will 'put'n straight agean.' This implies that

+the banns were formerly published from the pulpit.--N.W.

+

+=Showl=. A shovel (A.B.D.); occasionally a spade (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrammed=. Chilled to the bone, benumbed, perished with cold

+(A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I was half-shrammed (i.e. perished with cold) on the

+    downs.--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+=Shrift=. See ~Shaft-tide~.

+

+*=Shrigging=. Hunting for apples (S.). See ~Griggles~ and

+~Scriggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Shrill=. To shudder. 'I never couldn't eat fat bacon--I do allus

+shrill at it.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Shrimps=. A particular kind of sweets.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrowd=. (1) To trim off the lower boughs of a tree (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) To cut a tree into a pollard. See Polly.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrub=. To rub along somehow, to manage to live after some sort of a

+fashion. 'I do shrub along middlin' well, when I bain't bad wi' the

+rheumatiz.' A sibilated form of _rub_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Shrump up=. To hunch up the shoulders. 'Don't shrump up your

+shoulders like that!'--N.W.

+

+=Shucks=. Husks of oats, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Shuffet=. To shuffle along hurriedly.--N.W.

+

+*=Shurne=. _Cacare_ (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2), Cp. A.S. _scearn_,

+dung.--Obsolete.

+

+=Shut=. (1) _v._ To join together; used of welding iron, splicing

+a rope, joining woodwork, laying turf, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+point of junction, as where rick is built against rick.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _adj._ See ~Shot~.

+

+=Shutleck=, =Shutlock= (S.). See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Sibilated words=. These are somewhat common in Wilts, as _Snotch_,

+notch; _Spuddle_, puddle; _Scrunch_, crunch; _Spyzon_, poison;

+_Spicter_, picture.

+

+=Sick=. 'Turnip-sick,' of land, exhausted as regards turnip-growing

+(_Great Estate_, ch. i). 'Tater-sick,' &c.--N.W.

+

+=Sideland ground=. Sloping ground on a hillside.--N.W.

+

+=Sidelong=, =Sideling=. (1) With one side higher than the other

+(_Wild Life_, ch. vi). 'I wur nigh upset, th' rwoad wur that

+sideling.'--N. & S.W. (2) Sitting _sidelong_, i.e. with the side

+towards the spectator (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).

+

+=Sig=. See ~Seg~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sight=. A quantity, as 'a sight o' vawk,' 'a main sight o'

+rain.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Sil=. Seldom. 'Sowle-grove sil lew,' February is seldom warm

+(H.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Silgreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek (_Village Miners_).

+A.S. _singréne_. See ~Sungreen~--N.W.

+

+*=Sillow=, =Sullow=, or =Sul=. A kind of plough (D.). A.S.

+_sulh_.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+    '~Sylla~, a plough, was used at Bratton within the memory of

+    persons still living. ~Sylla-foot~, or ~Zilla-fut~, was a

+    guiding piece of wood alongside of the share.'--Miss WAYLEN.

+

+*=Silver-bells=. The double Guelder-rose of gardens.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Silver-fern= or =Silver-grass=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., which has

+fern-like silvery foliage.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sim=. _n._ A smell, as of burning wool or bone. 'That there meat hev

+got a main sim to 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Simbly=. To seem.--N.W.

+

+    'He've a bin and tuk dree bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll

+    be whipped if a do zimbly a bit th' better var't.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Simily=. Apparently, as 'Simily 'tis a bird.'--N.W.

+

+=Simmin=. It seems. 'Simmin to I 'tis gwain' thic way.'--N.W.

+

+=Sinful=. Excessively, as 'sinful ornary,' very ugly.--N.W.

+

+=Sinful-ordinary=. Plain to the last degree in looks.--N.W.

+

+    'I once knew a young gentleman in the Guards who was very

+    ordinary-looking--what is called in Wiltshire "sinful

+    ordinary."'--_Illust. London News_, March 23, 1889.

+

+=Singreen=. See ~Sungreen~.--S.W.

+

+=Skag, Skeg=. (1) _v._ To tear obliquely.--N.W. (2) _n._ A ragged or

+oblique tear in clothes, such as is made by a nail.--N.W.

+

+=Skeart=. To cause to glance off, as a pane of glass diverts shot

+striking it at an angle.--N.W.

+

+=Skeer=. (1) To skim lightly and quickly over a surface, barely

+touching it, as a ball does along ice.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To

+mow summer-fed pastures lightly.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Skeer-devil=, =Skir-devil=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Skewer-wood=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N.W.

+

+=Skewy=, =Skeowy=. When the sky shows streaks of windy-looking cloud,

+and the weather seems doubtful, it is said to 'look skeowy.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Compare:--

+

+    '_Skew_: thick drizzle or driving mist.'--JAGO'S _Cornish

+    Glossary_.

+

+*=Skiel=. A cooler used in brewing beer (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Skiffley=. Showery. Perhaps from O.E. _skyfte_, to change.--S.W.

+

+=Skillet=. A round pot to hang over the fire.--N.W.

+

+=Skillin=, =Skilling=. A pent-house (A.C.S.); an outhouse or

+cow-shed. A.S. _scyldan_, to protect; Old Germ. _schillen_, to cover

+(A.). _Skillion_ is used in Australia for a small outhouse.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Skimmenton=, =Skimmenton-riding=. A serenade of rough music got up

+to express disapproval in cases of great scandal and immorality. The

+orthodox procedure in N. Wilts is as follows: the party assembles

+before the houses of the offenders, armed with tin pots and pans,

+and performs a serenade for three successive nights. Then after an

+interval of three nights the serenade is repeated for three more.

+Then another interval of the same duration and a third repetition of

+the rough music for three nights--nine nights in all. On the last

+night the effigies of the offenders are burnt. ~Housset~ is the same

+thing. The word and the custom have emigrated to America.--N.W.

+

+=Skimmer-cake=. A cake made of odd scraps of dough (S.). See

+~Skimmer-lad~.--S.W.

+

+=Skimmer-lad=. A dunch-dumpling, or piece of dough put on a skimmer

+and held in the pot while boiling.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skippet=. The long-handled ladle used for filling a water-cart,

+emptying a hog-tub, &c.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skipping-ropes=. Sprays of _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's

+Joy.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Skit=. A passing shower (_Great Estate_, ch. i).--N.W.

+

+*=Skive=. To shave or slice (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Skram=. See ~Scram~.

+

+=Skug, Sqwug=. A squirrel. 'I say, there's a skug! Let's have a

+cock-shot at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slack=. Impudence, cheek (S.). 'I'll ha' none o' your slack!'--S.W.

+

+=Slammock=, =Slummock=. A slattern. ~Slammick~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slan=. A sloe (A.). A.S. _slán_, pl. of _slá_, sloe.--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Those eyes o' yourn be as black as slans.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    81.

+

+=Slang-up=, or =Slang-uppy=. Untidy, slatternly.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Slat=. (1) _v._ To split or crack (A.B.S.). 'Thuc plate's slat.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) _n._ A crack. 'What a girt slat thur is in un.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) _n._ A slate (A.). 'Thur's a slat blowed off.'--N.W.

+

+=Slay=. See ~Sleight~.

+

+=Sleek=. (1) _adj._ Slippery. 'The rwoad's terrible sleek.'--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Sleet.--N.W.

+

+=Sleight=, =Slay=. (1) _v._ To pasture sheep on the downs (D.).--N.W.

+(2) _n._ Sheep-sleight, a sheep-down (D.); a pasture good for

+sheep.--N.W.

+

+=Slent=. (1) _v._ To tear (S.). 'I've a bin an' slent ma

+yeppurn.'--S.W. (2) _n._ A tear or rent in clothes.--S.W.

+

+=Slewed=, =Slewy=. Drunk (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Slickit=. (1) A long thin slice (not a curly shaving) of wood

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W. (Berks bord.) (2) 'A slickit of a girl,' a

+young undeveloped girl (_Ibid._).--N.W. (Berks bord.) Cp. _Slacket_,

+slim, Cornw.

+

+=Slide=. The cross-bar on the tail of the fore-carriage of a waggon.

+See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+=Slip=. To shed. Of a horse, to shed its coat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slippetty-sloppetty=. Draggle-tailed, slovenly. 'I never zeed zich a

+slippetty-sloppetty wench in aal my barn days.'--N.W.

+

+=Slire=. _v._ To look askance or out of the corners of your eye at

+anything.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    '"Why should you suspect him?" "Aw, a' be a bad 'un; a' can't

+    look 'ee straight in the face; a' sort of slyers [looks

+    askance] at 'ee."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+*=Slize=. To look sly (A.B.H.Wr.). To look askance at any one.--N.W.

+

+=Slocks=. See ~Slox~.

+

+=Slocks about=. To go about in an untidy slatternly way.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Sloe=. In S. Wilts, about Salisbury, the large fruit is known as

+Sloes or Slues, and the small as Snags; in N. Wilts, at Huish,

+~Slŏns~ are large and ~Hedge-speäks~ small, while at Clyffe Pypard

+the same terms are used, but the latter is not confined to the small

+fruit. At Cherhill ~Hilps~ and ~Picks~ are the names. ~Slues~ is used

+in both N. and S. Wilts, and ~Slŏns~ or ~Slăns~ in N. Wilts.

+

+=Slommakin=. _adj._ Of females, untidy, slatternly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+*=Sloop=. To change (A.H.Wr.). Perhaps a perversion of _slew_, or a

+misreading of _swop_ in badly written MS.

+

+=Slop about=. To shuffle about in a slipshod slovenly fashion.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Sloppet=. (1) _v._ The same as Slop about.--N.W.

+

+    'He "sloppets" about in his waistcoat and

+    shirt-sleeves.'--_Hodge and his Masters_, ch. xxiii.

+

+*(2) _v._ Applied to a rabbit's peculiar gait, and the manner in

+which it wears away and covers with sand the grass near its bury

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. ii).

+

+=Slouse=. To splash about, as a horse or dog does in water.--N.W.

+

+*=Sloven's year=. A wonderfully prosperous season, when even the bad

+farmer has good crops (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. To waste, to pilfer from employers

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Slummock=. See ~Slammock~.

+

+=Sly=. 'A sly day' looks bright and pleasant, but the air has a chill

+nip in it. 'Sly cold' is the treacherous kind of cold raw weather

+that was very prevalent during the influenza epidemic two or three

+years ago.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Smaak=. _n._ 'Aal in a smaak,' quite rotten; used of potatoes.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Smarm=. To bedaub. 'Don't smarm me aal auver wi' they dirty paws o'

+yourn.' ~Smaam~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smart=. A second swarm of bees.--N.W.

+

+=Smart=, =Smartish=, _adj._ Considerable (H.), as 'a smartish lot o'

+vawk.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smeech=. Dust.--S.W. (Salisbury, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Smeechy=. Dusty.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Smicket=. A smock or shift (A.).

+

+=Smother=. A weed and rubbish fire in a garden.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snag=, =Snaig=. (1) A badly shaped or decayed tooth; often used of a

+child's first teeth.--N.W. (2) Fruit of the sloe, q.v. (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Snag-bush=. _Prunus spinosa_, L., the Sloe (_Miss Plues_).

+

+=Snake-fern=. _Pteris aquilina_, L., Bracken.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Snake-flower=. (1) _Verbascum nigrum_, L., Black Mullein. Children

+are cautioned not to gather it, because a snake may be hiding under

+the leaves.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Snake's-head=. _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Zeals, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Snake-skin Willow=. _Salix triandra_, L., so called because it

+sheds its bark (_Great Estate_, ch. v).

+

+*=Snake's-victuals=. _Arum maculatum_, L. Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+    'In August ... she found the arum stalks, left alone without

+    leaves, surrounded with berries.... This noisome fruit ...

+    was "snake's victuals," and ... only fit for reptile's

+    food.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+=Snap=. A trap, as _Mouse-snap_, _Wont-snap_.--N. & S.W.,

+occasionally.

+

+=Snaps, Snap-jacks=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W.

+

+*=Snap-willow=. _Salix fragilis_, L., from its brittleness (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).

+

+=Snead=, =Snaith=. The pole of a scythe (A.). A.S. _snǽd_.--N.W.

+

+=Snig=. A small eel.--S.W.

+

+=Sniggle=. (1) To snigger.--S.W. (2) 'To sniggle up,' to toady or

+endeavour to ingratiate yourself with any one.--S.W.

+

+*=Sniggling=. 'A sniggling frost,' a slight frost that just makes the

+grass crisp.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Snig-pot=. An eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Snippy=. Mean, stingy.

+

+=Snivett=. A newt. Perhaps a sibilated form of _Evet_.--N.W.

+

+=Snop=. (1) _v._ To hit smartly, as in chipping a stone.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _n._ A smart blow (S.), as 'A snop on the yead.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snotter-gall=. The yew-berry, probably from its slimy pulp.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Snotty=. (1) 'A snotty frost,' a slight crisp rime frost.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Nasty, dirty, mean.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snowball-tree=. The double Guelder-rose. ~Snowballs~, its

+blossoms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snow-blunt=. A slight snowstorm.--N. & S.W. See ~Blunk~.

+

+=Snow-in-harvest=, or =Snow-in-summer=. _Cerastium tomentosum_,

+L.--S.W.

+

+=Snowl=. (1) _n._ A large piece of anything (S.). 'Gie I a good snowl

+o' bread, mother!'--N. & S.W. *(2) _n._ The head.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Snow-on-the-mountains=. (1) _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White Meadow

+Saxifrage.--S.W. (2) White Cress.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snuff-rag=. A pocket-handkerchief (S.).--N. & S.W. (Lockeridge, &c.)

+Also used formerly at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Sobbled=. Soddened, soaked with wet (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Soce=. Friends; addressed to the company generally, as 'Well, soce,

+an' how be ye all to-day?'--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Very rarely heard in

+Wilts, but common in Dev. and Som. It is probably a relic of _Socii_,

+as used by monkish preachers. In the old ghost-story in Jefferies'

+_Goddard Memoir_ (see Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 555),

+the use of the word _soas_ (there spelt _source_) by one of the

+characters is alluded to in such a way as to show that it was looked

+on as a curious peculiarity of his. See _W. Somerset Words_.

+

+=Sod-apple=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb, from

+its smell when crushed.--N.W.

+

+    'Willow herb ... country folk call it the sod-apple, and say

+    the leaves crushed in the fingers have something of the scent

+    of apple-pie.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+*=Soft-tide=. The three days next before Lent (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Sog=. Soft boggy ground (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Sogging-wet=. Soaked.--N.& S.W.

+

+=Soldiers=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Soldiers'-buttons=. _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+=Soldiers-sailors-tinkers-tailors=. _Lolium perenne_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Souse=. 'Pigs'-sousen,' pigs'-ears.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Sow-flower=. _Sonchus oleraceus_, L., Sowthistle.--(Lyneham.)

+

+*=Sowle-grove=. February. (A.H.Wr.)--Obsolete.

+

+    'The shepherds and vulgar people in South Wilts call Februarie

+    "_sowlegrove_," and have this proverb of it:--"Soulgrove

+    sil lew,"--February is seldome warme--sil _pro_ seld,

+    seldome.'--AUBREY, _Anecdotes_, Camden Society, cxlvii.

+

+=Spade=. The congealed gum of the eye (A.B.). Also ~Spady~ in N.

+Wilts. A.S. _sped_, phlegm.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Spances=. 'Raves or sides, spances, compose the waggon-bed' (D.).

+

+=Spanky=. Showy, dashing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Spar=. In thatching, the 'elms' are fastened down with 'spicks'

+or 'spars,' split hazel rods, pointed at both ends, and bent into

+hairpin shape, with a twist just at the bend to give them a tendency

+when fixed to spring outwards, and so hold faster.--S.W.

+

+=Sparked, Sparky=. Of cattle, mottled or of two colours (D.); pied,

+variegated (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'One of the earliest indictments on the roll of the Hilary

+    Sessions [Wilts], 1603-4, tells of _quatuor vaccas quar'

+    due color sparked et una alia coloris rubri et altera color

+    browne_.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225-6.

+

+=Sparked-grass=. _Phalaris arundinacea_, L., Striped

+Ribbon-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+*=Spawl=. A chip or splinter from a stone.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Spear=. (1) _n._ A stalk of reed-grass (S.).--N.W. (2) _v._ See

+~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spend=. To turn out. 'How do your taters spend to-year?'--N.W.

+

+=Spick=. (1) In thatching, the same as ~Spar~.--S.W. (2) Lavender.

+~Spick~ (Som. bord.), and ~Spike~ (Hants bord.).--S.W.

+

+=Spikenard=. (1) Lavender.--N.W., occasionally. (2) _Anthoxanthum

+odoratum_, L., Sweet Vernal-grass.--N.W. (Bromham.)

+

+=Spill=. (1) The long straight stalk of a plant.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+*(2) 'To run to spill,' to run to seed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(3)

+Hence, figuratively, to be unproductive.--N.W. (Malmesbury,

+occasionally.)

+

+=Spit, Spet=. (1) _n._ 'The very spit of his father,' his very image

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 31). Cf. _Spit_, to lay eggs (_Skeat_). Just

+like (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To spit up the ground,' to work the

+surface lightly over.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Splash=. Commoner form of ~Plash~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-fig=. A short-weight grocer (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sploach=. To splutter (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sprack=. (1) Lively, active (A.B.C.S.); also ~Sprag~ (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'That's a sprack mare o' yourn.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 68.

+

+(2) Intelligent, quick (A.C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'He had picked up a few words and phrases with which he

+    sometimes "bothered" his neighbours, who thought Jem "a mortal

+    sprack chap"; but in truth he was a great fool.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 65.

+

+=Sprank=. A sprinkling of anything. 'There be a good sprank o' fruit

+to-year.' Also used in Somerset.--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+*=Sprawing=. A sweetheart. This word is given for Wilts by Britton,

+Akerman, Halliwell, Wright, and others, but should be treated as a

+'ghost-word,' and struck out of our glossaries. In _Cunnington MS._

+it is written as ~Sprawny~, q.v., but Britton when transcribing from

+that source would appear to have misread it as _Sprawing_, probably

+not being himself acquainted with the word, while Akerman and others

+must simply have taken it blindly on his authority.

+

+*=Sprawny=. A sweetheart (_Cunnington MS._). A variant of _Sprunny_.

+See note on ~Sprawing~. A male sweetheart in Glouc.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Whipped to some purpose will thy sprunny be.'--COLLINS,

+    _Miscellanies_, 1762.

+

+=Spreader=. The thin pole or bar which keeps the traces apart _(Wilts

+Tales_, p. 173).--N.W.

+

+*=Spreath=, =Spreeth=. Active, nimble, able (A.B.H.Wr.). 'He is a

+spreeth young fellow' (B.).

+

+=Spreathed=. Of the skin, roughened or chapped by cold (B.S.)

+Spreazed (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spreyed=. Of the skin, roughened by cold, but not chapped. Spryed on

+Som. bord.--S.W.

+

+=Spring=. Of a cow, to show signs of calving.--N.W.

+

+=Spring-dag=. A chilblain. Cf. _Dag_, a twinge of pain.--S.W.

+

+=Spring-flower=. The garden Polyanthus.--N.W.

+

+=Spuddle=. (1) _v._ To stir about (A.B.), to fuss about at doing

+trifles. 'He's allus a-spuddling about like, but there yen't nothen

+to show for 't ses I.'--N.W. (2) v. To make a mess (S.). A sibilated

+form of _puddle_.--S.W.

+

+=Spudgel=. A wooden scoop (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spuds=. Potatoes (S.). Perhaps introduced by Irish harvesters.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Spur=. See ~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spurl=. To spread dung about the fields (S.). Also ~Spear~, ~Spur~,

+and ~Spurdle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Spurling-boards=. Boards set to prevent the corn from flying out of

+the threshing-floor (D.).

+

+=Spur-stone=. A projecting stone, set in the ground as a support to a

+post, or to protect anything near the roadway (_Bevis_, ch. v).

+

+*=Squab=. The youngest or weakest bird of a brood or pig of a litter

+(A.). The 'darling' of a litter.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Squail=, =Sqwoil=. (1) To throw (A.H.S.); used of sticks, not

+stones.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In the orchard Bevis and Mark squailed at the pears with short

+    sticks.'--_Bevis_, ch. xvi.

+

+    'They would like to squail a stick at his high and ancient

+    hat.'--_Ibid._ ch. xvi.

+

+(2) _Fig._ To do a thing awkwardly (H.), as 'Her went up the street

+a squailing her arms about.'--N.W. *(3) Cock-squoilin, throwing at

+cocks at Shrovetide (A.).--Obsolete. Bird-squoilin, killing birds

+with stones (S.). (4) Of a candle, to gutter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squailer=, =Squale=, =Squoile=. A stick or loaded cane, used by boys

+for throwing at apples, rabbits, squirrels, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The handle of a "squailer" projected from Orion's coat-pocket.

+    For making a squailer a tea-cup was the best mould:... A ground

+    ash sapling with the bark on, about as thick as the little

+    finger, pliant and tough, formed the shaft, which was about

+    fifteen inches long. This was held upright in the middle of

+    a tea-cup, while the mould was filled with molten lead. It

+    soon cooled, and left a heavy conical knob on the end of the

+    stick. If rightly thrown it was a deadly missile, and would fly

+    almost as true as a rifle ball. A rabbit or leveret could thus

+    be knocked over; and it was peculiarly adapted for fetching a

+    squirrel out of a tree, because, being so heavy at one end, it

+    rarely lodged on the boughs, as an ordinary stick would, but

+    overbalanced and came down.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii.

+

+    'The "squaler" came into use very early in the school's

+    history, and was for years almost as much a part of the

+    ordinary equipment of a Marlborough boy as a cricket-bat would

+    now be. To later generations the very name probably conveys no

+    meaning. The weapon itself was simple enough, though extremely

+    formidable. It consisted of a piece of lead something the shape

+    and about the size of a pear, with a cane handle about eighteen

+    inches long. A squaler could be thrown a great distance and

+    with terrific force, and at short ranges by the practised hands

+    of the Marlburians of those days with great accuracy. Its

+    ostensible purpose was squirrel-hunting, as the name suggests

+    [No, it is not a contraction of "squirreller," but is from

+    _squail_, to throw.--_G.E.D._], but it came in handy for the

+    larger quarry which the more adventurous tribes pursued and

+    slew, such as rabbits, hares, and very frequently even deer.

+    It lingered on as an article of local sale till the middle of

+    the sixties; but ... was made contraband, and finally died

+    out.'--_History of Marlborough College_, ch. ix. p. 94.

+

+    'To make a squailer you provide yourself with an eighteen-inch

+    length of half-inch cane, two inches of which you sheath with

+    tow and then insert in a ladle of molten lead. There you

+    manipulate it in such sort that there is presently left to

+    cool at the end of your cane a pear-shaped lump of lead of

+    the weight experience has shown you to be proper. With this

+    weapon an adept can bring down a squirrel from on high, or

+    stop one on the level at five-and-twenty yards, almost to a

+    certainty.'--W. F. WALLER in _Notes & Queries_, 8th series, ii.

+    p. 197. 'Another Marlborough mode of making it is to pour the

+    melted lead into a cone composed of many folds of well-wetted

+    paper, tied round the slightly notched upper end of the cane or

+    ground ash.'--G. E. DARTNELL in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. p.

+    257. Also see various letters in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. pp.

+    149, 197, 257. Squailers were in use at the Grammar school as

+    well as at the College, up to about 1867.

+

+=Squailing=. Clumsy, badly, or irregularly shaped, as 'a squailing

+loaf,' 'a squailing sort of a town,' &c. (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Square=. Thatching is paid by the 'square,' which is 100 square

+feet.--N.W.

+

+=Squat=. See ~Squot~.

+

+=Squeak-Thrush=. The Missel Thrush.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Squeeze-belly=. A V-shaped stile.--N.W.

+

+=Squelch=, =Squelp=. (1) _adv._ 'A vell down squelch,' he fell

+heavily (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To squash to pieces, as a heavy stone

+would an egg.--N.W.

+

+=Squinney=. (1) _v._ 'To squinney round,' to peep about.--S.W.

+(2) _n._ 'Squinney-hole,' a peep-hole. Sometimes also used of a

+hagioscope in a church.--S.W.

+

+=Squish=. (1) _v._ Of soft or boggy ground, to give under foot with

+the peculiar spirt and sound that denote a water-logged condition.

+'The rwoad wer squishing under I ael the waay to 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ Of mud, to spirt and splash up as it does in a boggy place.

+'It wer main hocksey, an' the muck squished up ael over I, purty nigh

+up to my eyes.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squishey=. _adj._ Soft, wet, swampy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughing engine be stuck fast up to the axle, the land be

+    so soft and squishey.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vii.

+

+=Squoil=. See ~Squail~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Squot= or =Squat=. (1) n. A bruise (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bruise or crush (S.), as 'I've bin an' squot my thumb.' To

+bruise by compression (B.).--N.W.

+

+=Sqwawk=. To squall out as a hen does when pulled off the nest.--N.W.

+

+=Stabble=. v. Of ground, to poach up by continual treading, as near

+a field gateway (_Village Miners_). Children are always 'stabbling

+about' indoors, making a mess and litter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stack=. 'A stack of elms'=either one score or two score of

+'elms.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Staddles=, =Staddle-stones=. The pillars on which a rick stands

+(A.B.S.). Cf. ~Stavel~ (~Steevil~ in S.W.). A.S. staðol.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stael=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stag=, =Steg=. A rent in clothes.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Staid=. Of mature age, elderly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stake-and-ether-hedge=. A wattled fence. See ~Ether~.--N.W.

+

+=Stale=, =Stael=, or =Steale=. The long handle of any husbandry tool

+(A.B.). A.S. _stel_ (in compounds).--N.W.

+

+    'A was as lang and as lane as a rake-stael.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    177.

+

+    'The peculiar broad-headed nail which fastens the mop to the

+    stout ashen "steale," or handle.'--_Wild Life_, ch. iv.

+

+*=Standing=, =Stannin=. A stall or small booth at a fair. ~Stannen~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Star-flower=. (1) _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Lysimachia nemorum_, L., Wood Loosestrife.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Stark=. _v._ To dry up. 'The ground is got so stark--you see the hot

+sun after the rain did stark the top on't.'--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Starky=. (1) Stiff, dry (A.B.). Shrivelled up, as applied to

+things.--N.W. (2) Shrivelled and wasted by ill-health.--N.W.

+

+*=Stars=. _Campanula glomerata_, L., Clustered Bellflower.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Start=. (1) An outing or pleasure-party. 'Wher be th' missus, Bill?'

+'Whoy, off on a bit of a start.'--S.W. (2) A 'go.' 'That's a rum

+start, yun' it?'--N.W.

+

+=Starve=. (1) _v._ 'To starve with cold,' to be extremely cold;

+to cause anything to be cold. Chiefly used in past participle, as

+'starved wi' th' cowld,' perished with cold. A.S. _steorfan_, to

+die. 'My old man he do starve I at nights wi' the cowld, 'cause

+he got a crooked leg, and he do sort o' cock un up 'snaw, and the

+draaft do get in under the bed-claus, and I be fairly starved wi' the

+cowld.'--N. & S.W. (2) See ~Bird-starving~.--N.W.

+

+*=Stavel-barn=. A barn on stone pillars (Agric. Survey). See

+~Staddles~.

+

+=Steale=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stean=. (1) _v._ To 'stone,' or cover a path or road with gravel or

+small stones.--N.W. (2) 'To stean a well,' to line its sides with

+stone (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Steaner=. The man who lays the second and inner rows of sheaves in

+building a wheat rick.--N.W.

+

+=Steanin=. (1) A road made with small stones (A.).--N.W. (2) The

+built-up portion of a well.--S.W. See ~Stean~.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _n._ The tang which fastens anything; the ring of a

+button, &c.--N.W. (2) _n._ The small iron rod, on the head of which

+the cappence of the old-fashioned flail played.--N.W. (3) _n._ A

+young ox. Apparently _steer_, with _t_ excrescent.--N.W.

+

+=Steer=. The starling. A form of _Stare_.--N.W.

+

+=Steip=. See ~Stipe~.

+

+=Stem=. A period of time (A.H.S.), as 'a stem o' dry weather.' Work

+on the roads, &c., is done 'on the stem,' or 'by the stem.' A.S.

+_stemn_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stepple=. A hoof-mark (_Village Miners_). Cf. ~Stabble~.--N.W.

+

+=Stewer=, =Stour=, =Sture=. Fuss, commotion.--S.W.

+

+=Stew up=. To tidy up.--S.W.

+

+=Stick=. To decorate with evergreens, &c. 'We allus sticks th' Church

+at Christmas,'--the decorations formerly consisting only of sprigs of

+holly stuck into holes in the backs of the pews.--N.W.

+

+=Stickle=. To stick. 'They're as thick as they can stickle on

+it.'--S.W.

+

+=Stick-up=. _v._ To make the first tentative advances towards

+courtship.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+    'I've bin a-stickin' up to another young ooman this summer, wi'

+    a view to keepin' comp'ny wi' she.'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+=Stipe=. 'The stipe o' the hill,' the steepest part.--N.W.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. A dozen and a half of 'elms' (H.Wr.). '_Steip of

+helms_, eighteen helms: Wilts.'--Holloway's _Dict._--S.W.

+

+=Stived up=. Shut up in a warm close place. Fighting cocks were

+formerly kept warm in a 'stive,' or kind of straw basket like a hive,

+whilst waiting their turn to fight.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoach=. To plant potatoes with a 'stoacher.' In some counties

+_stoach_=poach, to trample into holes.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Stoacher=. 'A tater stoacher,' a thick stake, with projecting notch

+on which the foot is placed to drive the sharpened point into the

+ground. The potatoes are dropped into the holes so made.--N.W.

+

+=Stobball-play=. An old game, played with a withy-staff and a small

+ball, stuffed full of quills, said by Aubrey (_Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 117, ed. Brit.) to be peculiar to North Wilts, North Gloucester,

+and the neighbourhood of Bath; but probably a form of _stool-ball_

+(H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Illegal games ... mentioned are ... hand-ball, foot-ball,

+    and stave-ball or "stobball"; (_pilum manualem, pedalem,

+    sive baculinam_), "nine-holes" and "kittles."'--_On the

+    Self-government of Small Manorial Communities, as exemplified

+    in the Manor of Castle Combe.--Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p.

+    156.

+

+=Stodge=. (1) _n._ Substantial food.--N.W. (2) _v._ To stuff

+gluttonously. ~Stodged~, quite unable to cram down another

+morsel.--N.W.

+

+=Stodgy=. _adj._ Of food, causing a feeling of repletion.--N.W.

+

+=Stogged=. Stuck in the mud, bogged (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoggy=. Wet and sticky; used of ground that 'stogs' you, or in

+which you get 'stogged.'--N.W.

+

+=Stomachy=. _adj._ Unbending (S.). Obstinate, headstrong,

+self-willed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stone-bruise=. A kind of corn on the foot. In an American

+trouting-yarn in _Fishing Gazette_, December 17, 1892, p. 429, the

+following occurs:--

+

+    'It's just the age for "stone-bruises" in a boy, and he must

+    have a pair of shoes any way.'

+

+*=Stone-osier=. _Salix purpurea_, L. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Stop=. A hole in the ground--not in a hedgerow, but a few yards

+away, or on cultivated ground--where the doe rabbit has her young;

+said to be from her 'stopping' or covering it over when she leaves

+it. Also used in Hants.--N.W., common.

+

+=Storm-cock=. _Turdus viscivorus_, Missel Thrush (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 129).--S.W.

+

+=Stout=. The gadfly (A.B.). 'They stowuts be so terrifyin'.'--N.W.

+

+=Stowl=. (1) _n._ The root of a timber-tree left in the ground after

+felling (A.B.C.); the stump of a bush or tree, in hedge or copse, cut

+off low down so as to form a stock from which underwood may spring

+(C.D.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To stowl out,' to shoot out thickly,

+as a bush cut off low down, or wheat which has been fed off when

+young.--N.W.

+

+=Strafe=. To wander about.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Strapper=. An Irish harvester or tramping labourer.--N.W.

+

+=Strawberry-leaved Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L. See ~Hanging

+Geranium~.--S.W.

+

+=Strick=. See ~Strike~.

+

+*=Strickle=. See ~Stritch~.

+

+*=Striddling=. The right to lease fallen apples after the gathering

+in of the crop. Cf. ~Griggling~.

+

+=Strike=, =Strick=. To slip up; to slip and swing out as a vehicle

+does when turning a corner fast on a slippery road. 'Her stricked up

+on thuck there slide, an' come down vlop.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Strim-strum=. _adj._ Unmusical (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Stripe=. A fool, a simpleton (H.Wr.). Probably a mistake for

+~Stupe~.

+

+=Strip-up=. _v._ To shroud the lower part of a tree, as is usually

+done with hedgerow timber at intervals.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stritch=, =Strickle=. A piece of wood used for striking off the

+surplus grain from a corn measure. A.S. _stricol_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Strommelling=. *(1) Awkward, ungainly (A.B.H.). *(2) Unruly

+(A.B.H.), as 'a strommellin' child.'

+

+=Strong=. 'Strong a-dying,' at the point of death.--N.W.

+

+*=Strouter=. A strut or support in the side of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Stub=. (1) _n._ A stump of a tree; a projecting root.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ In walking, to strike the foot against a stub or projecting

+root.--N.W. *(3) _v._ 'To stub off,' to cut off a bush or tree close

+to the ground (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x). (4) 'Stubs,' stubble, as

+_wheat-stubs, barley-stubs_ (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Stubbed=. A 'stubbed' broom is one much worn down by use, as opposed

+to a new one.--S.W.

+

+*=Stuck=. A spike (A.).

+

+=Stud=. _v._ To ponder over, think about. 'Don't 'ee stud upon 't so

+much.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Studdle=. To stir up water so as to make it thick and muddy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Studdly=, =Stoddly=. Thick, as beer before it settles after

+moving.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+*=Stultch=. A crutch, a boy's stilt (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2).

+(H.Wr.). Stelch in Glouc.--Obsolete.

+

+=Stun=. _v._ To cause to make no growth. 'Grass was stunned in its

+growth this season' (1892).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Potterne, &c.)

+

+=Sture=. See ~Stewer~.

+

+=Suant=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Succour=. (1) _n._ Shelter; a sheltered place. A tender plant is set

+'in the succour of the wall'; and cattle on a cold wet day get 'in

+the succour of the hedge.' ''Tes gwain' to rain, for the wind's down

+in the succours,' i.e. hollows and sheltered places generally. On

+bleak parts of the Downs the cottages are mostly to be found in the

+succours.--N.W. (Huish, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    'Goddard the elder being a copyholder of lands in Eylden within

+    the Manner of Ogburne near adjoyning to His Majesties Chace

+    being a place that in winter time was a special and usual

+    succour for preserving the breed of young deer belonging to the

+    Chace.'--Extract from _Bond_ v. _Goddard and others_, 1636. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 259.

+

+(2) _v._ To shelter. An old-fashioned bonnet is said to 'succour' the

+ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where they are 'succoured'

+by bushes or walls.--N.W.

+

+=Suck-blood=. The Common Leech. ~Zuckblood~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Suffer=. To punish, to make to suffer. 'I'll suffer you, you young

+rascal!'--N.W.

+

+*=Suffy=. To draw a deep and quick breath.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Sugar-codlins=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb.--N.W.

+

+=Suggy=. Wood that is soaked with wet is said to be 'suggy.' See

+~Sog~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Suity=. Even, regular (A.B.).

+

+*=Sultedge=. A coarse apron, worn by poor women (A.B.C.). ~Sultredge~

+(H.Wr.). By which is probably intended that the apron is made of

+_sultedge_, or a kind of coarse sheeting.--N.W.

+

+*=Summer field=. See quotation.

+

+    'In the four-field system, where the clover is sown the second

+    year, and mowed the third, the field becomes in the fourth year

+    what is called, in Wiltshire, a summer field.'--_Agric. of

+    Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Summer ground=. See quotation.

+

+    'A custom upon two farms ... of feeding six oxen through the

+    full range of all the summer ground belonging to the hither

+    Beversbrook ... being the Home Close, the Middle Marsh, the

+    Course Marsh, the Upper Lease, and Brewer's Lease; through the

+    full range likewise of such summer grounds as belong to the

+    yonder Beversbrook to be put in at Mortimers Gate and to feed

+    to Burfurlong Corner, through all the afore mentioned grounds

+    from the third of May to Michaelmas.'--_Hilmarton Parish

+    Terrier_, 1704. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+=Summer rick=. A windmow, or very large cock of hay, thrown up in the

+field, to remain there some time (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Summers= or =Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Summer Snipe=. _Totanus hypoleucos_, Common Sandpiper.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sungreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek. Occasionally

+Singreen in S. Wilts, and Silgreen in N. Wilts. A.S. _singréne_.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Swaft=. Thirst (H.Wr.). Probably from Fr. _soif_.

+

+*=Swank=. To work in a slow lazy fashion, to idle. 'Her bain't no

+good for _your_ place, ma'am, her do go swanking about so over her

+work.'--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Swankey=. *(1) _adj._ Boisterous, swaggering, strutting

+(A.B.H.Wr.). *(2) _n._ Weak beer; drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Swash=, =Swosh=. (1) _n._ A torrent or great rush of water.--N.W.

+

+    'A man in answer to my question of _how_ the rain seemed to

+    fall, said, "It came down in _swashes_," and I think it may

+    also be said that occasionally the wind came in _swashes_

+    too.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi.

+    p. 380.

+

+(2) _v._ To swill out. 'I've bin swoshing out the back-kitchin.'--N.W.

+

+*=Sweeps=. _Hypericum calycinum_, L., Large-flowered St. John's

+Wort.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Sweet-briar=. The young succulent suckers of any rose, which are

+peeled and eaten by children.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Sweeten=. Some land requires _sweetening_, or chalking, to take out

+the acidity, before it will bear barley (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Sweethearts=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass, because its burs

+have such an affectionate way of clinging to one.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Swilter=. To smoulder away to ashes, without breaking into flame

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Swittle=. To cut or whittle (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Sythe=. To sigh (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+

+=T=. _Thr_, at the beginning of a word, is usually sounded as _dr_,

+as _draish_, _dree_. After liquids _d_ or _t_ will often be added, as

+_varmint_, vermin; _sarment_, sermon; _steart_, a steer; _dillard_,

+thiller. _F_ and _v_ sometimes become _th_, as _thetches_ for fitches

+or vetches. _Th_ will also occasionally become _Ss_, as _lattermass_,

+latter-math. Conversely, _Ss_ rarely becomes _th_, as _moth_, moss.

+

+=Tack=. (1) A shelf, as _chimney-tack_ (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) Pasture

+for horses and cattle (A.B.).--N.W. (3) 'Out to tack,' at agistment,

+applied to cattle that are put out to keep by the week or month.--N.W.

+

+=Tackle=. Stuff, any material, as food, solid or liquid (A.). 'This

+here yale be oncommon good tackle'; or dress material, 'Haven't 'ee

+got any gingham tackle?' (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Also used of food

+for cattle.--N.W.

+

+    'Thaay [the sheep] be goin' into th' Mash to-morrow.... We be

+    got shart o' keep.... Thur's a main sight o' tackle in the Mash

+    vor um.'--_Green Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Taffety=. Dainty in eating (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tag=. (1) When a lawn-mower or barrow is too heavy for one man to

+manage alone, a rope is attached for a boy to draw by, who is said to

+'pull tag.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _n._ A game played by boys.

+One touches another, saying _Tag!_ and the touched person has then

+to run after and touch another, who becomes _Tag_ in his turn.--N. &

+S.W. *(3) _v._ To tease, to torment (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tail=. (1) _n._ The whole skirt of a woman's dress. 'Hev 'ee got

+ar' a owld taail to gie I, Miss?'--N. & S.W. (2) 'Seconds' of

+flour (_Great Estate_, ch. vi); also ~Tailing-flour~.--N.W. (3)

+~Tail-ends~ or ~Tailings~. Refuse wheat, not saleable in market, kept

+for consumption on the farm (A.B.G.); also ~Tail~, ~Tailing-wheat~,

+and ~Tailens~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tail Pole=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+*=Take=. _n._ The sciatica (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Take up=. Of weather, to become fine.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tallet=, =Tallot=. A hay-loft over a stable (A.B.G.S.). Welsh

+_taflod_.--N. & S.W. See _N. & Q._ 8th Ser. iv. 450, &c.

+

+*=Tamed=. 'By that time the ground will be tamed.' Said in Lisle's

+_Husbandry_ to be a Wilts agricultural term, but not there explained.

+

+=Tan=. _Then_ is so pronounced in such phrases as _Now'-an'-Tan_ and

+_Twitch-an'-Tan_.

+

+=Tang=. (1) 'To tang the bell,' to pull it (A.).--N.W. (2) 'To

+tang bees,' to follow a swarm, beating a fire-shovel or tin pan

+(A.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To make a noise (S.).--S.W. (4) _n._ A small

+church bell is a ~Ting-Tang~.--N.W.

+

+=Tankard=. A sheep-bell.--N.W. It is said that the whole of the

+'tankards' in use in England are made at Great Cheverell.

+

+    'Hilary ... turned back, remarking, "It's Johnson's flock; I

+    know the tang of his tankards." The flat-shaped bells hung

+    on a sheep's neck are called tankards, and Hilary could

+    distinguish one flock from another by the varying notes of

+    their bells.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vi. p. 123.

+

+*=Tasker=. A tramping harvester or casual labourer who works by the

+piece (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 24).

+

+*=Tawney=, =Ta'aney=. The Bullfinch, _Pyrrhula vulgaris_.--N.W.

+

+=Tazzle=. _n._ 'Her hair be aal of a tazzle,' in great disorder, all

+tangled and knotted and tousled.--N.W.

+

+=Tear=. (1) A rage. 'He wur in just about a tear.'--S.W. (2) In N.

+Wilts old folk used formerly to _tear_ their crockery, and _break_

+their clothes, but _tear_ now seems obsolete in this sense there.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (1) Painfully tender, sore, as a wound (A.).--N.W. (2)

+Stinging, as a blister.--N.W. (Rowde.) (3) Tart, as beer turning sour

+(S.): acrimonious. See _Addenda_.--S.W.

+

+=Ted=. To throw about hay for the first time (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Teel=, =Tile=. To place anything leaning against a wall (A.B.H.Wr.).

+Generally used with _up_, as 'Teel it up agen th' wall, wull

+'ee?'--N.W.

+

+=Teft=. The same as ~Heft~ (A.B.C.)--N.W.

+

+=Teg-man=. A shepherd.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+    'I am a teg-man (or shepherd) in the employ of Mr.

+    White.'--_Wilts County Mirror_, October 28, 1892, p. 8, col. 5.

+

+=Temper=. 'To temper down dripping,' to melt it and refine with

+water.--N.W.

+

+=Temtious=. Tempting, inviting.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Temzer=. A riddle or sieve. Cp. Fr. _tamis_.--Obsolete.

+

+    'A temzer, a range, or coarse searche: Wilts.'--_MS. Lansd._

+    1033, f. 2.

+

+=Tentful=. Attentive, careful.--N.W.

+

+=Terrible=. Extremely. ''Tes a terr'ble bad harvest to-year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Terrify=. (1) _v._ To worry, irritate, annoy; used especially of

+very troublesome children. 'The vlies be terrible terrifying.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    ''Twer mostly losing of a hoss as did for 'em, and most al'ays

+    wi' bad shoeing. They gived 'em scant measure--shoed 'em too

+    tight, they did, a-terrifying o' the poor beasts.'--_Jonathan

+    Merle_, ch. xlviii. p. 520.

+

+    'Her own folks mightn't a-like so well to come and stay,

+    if ther was al'ays a terrifying old woman to put up

+    with.'--_Ibid_, ch. liv. p. 596.

+

+    'Her husband, who had been out in the fields, came home and

+    began to "terrify" her.'--_Marlborough Times_, November 26,

+    1892.

+

+    'I be turrivied wi' rheumatics.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+(2) _n._ A source of worry or trouble. A bed-ridden woman who has to

+get her neighbours to do everything for her is 'a terrible terrify'

+to them.--N.W. *(3) _v._ To injure, as a hailstorm does apple-blossom

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Tewley=, =Tuley=. Weakly (S.). Sickly, tired-looking.--S.W.

+

+=Thatches=. See =Thetches=.

+

+=Thauf=. Although, or although if; as 'A never vound un, thauf he'd

+gone dree lug vurder on, a cudden a bin off seein' on un.' Cp.

+Sauf.--N.W. (Malmesbury, etc.)

+

+=Theave=. A ewe of the third year.

+

+    'We have wether hogs and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram

+    tegs, and theaves, and two-tooths, and four-tooths, and

+    six-tooths.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ ch. xvii. p. 303.

+

+=There-right=. (1) 'Go straight forward,' order to a horse at plough

+(A.).--N.W. (2) On the spot.--N.W.

+

+=Thert=. _v._ To plough land a second time, at right angles to

+the first ploughing, so as to clean it more effectually. Cp.

+_Thwart_.--N.W.

+

+=Thetches=, =Thatches=. Vetches. _Lent thetches_ are an early spring

+kind.--N.W.

+

+=Thill=, or =Dill=. The shaft of a cart.--N.W.

+

+=Thiller=, =Diller=, =Thill-horse=. The shaft-horse of a team.--N.W.

+

+=Thimbles=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., the Harebell.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+=Thorough-pin=. The pin which fastens the waggon-bed to the carriage

+(D.). See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+*=Three-pound-tenner=. The name given by bird-catchers about

+Salisbury to the 'Chevil' variety of Goldfinch, it being more

+valuable than the ordinary kind (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 203).--S.W.

+

+=Threshles=. 'A pair of threshles, drashols, or flyals, a flail'

+(D.). The usual term for a flail. See ~Drashel~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Throw=. (1) _n._ 'A throw of timber,' the quantity felled at any one

+time.--N.W. (2) _v._ To fell timber (_Bevis_, ch. i).--N.W. (3) 'To

+throw a gin or snare,' to spring or set it off (_Amateur Poacher_,

+ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Thunder-bolts=, (1) The concretionary nodules of iron pyrites so

+frequently found in the chalk. See ~Gold~; also Thunder-stones in

+_Addenda_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them

+    thunderbolts.--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+(2) Fossil belemnites.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thunder-flower=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Thunder-fly=. A black midge. So called because they appear mostly in

+thunder weather.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tiny black flies alighting on my hands and face, irritated

+    the skin; the haymakers call them "thunder-flies."'--_Great

+    Estate_, ch. v. pp. 96-97.

+

+*=Thurindale=. A flagon holding about three pints (H.Wr.). M.E.

+_thriddendele_, a third part.--Obsolete.

+

+=Thurtifer=. Unruly, self-willed (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Ticky Pig=. The smallest pig of a litter.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tid=. *(1) Lively, playful (B.G.). (2) Childish, affecting

+simplicity (A.), shy. 'Coom, coom, dwon't'e be tid' (A.). A.S.

+_tyddr_, tender, weak, imbecile.--N.W.

+

+=Tiddle=. (1) _v._ To bring up a lamb by hand (A.). A.S. _tyddrian_,

+to nourish, feed.--N.W.

+

+    '"Shall I get a drap o' milk, and _tiddle_ un a leetle,

+    maester?" ... "Ha! to be sure! ... Put un into the basket ...

+    and get us a bottle wi' some milk." Tom, who had often assisted

+    the young lambs in the same way, soon procured the therewith

+    to fashion the pseudo teat, and master and man did their

+    best to perform the office of wet nurse to the unfortunate

+    foundling.'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 5-6.

+

+(2) _v._ To tickle (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tiddlin' lamb=. A lamb brought up by hand (A.). See ~Tiddle~

+(1).--N.W.

+

+*=Tiddy=. _adj._ Weakly, delicate. See ~Tiddle~ (1).--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+=Tide-times=. Christmas, Easter, &c. 'He do have a drop, tide-times

+and that.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tie=. Of wood, to pinch the saw while working.--N.W.

+

+*=Tig=. A little pig (_Dark_, ch. i).--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Tile=. See ~Teel~.

+

+=Tiller=. The upper handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw. See

+~Box~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tiller out=. To sprout out with several shoots, as wheat after being

+eaten off when young.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Timersome=. Timid (A.S.).--N.W.

+

+=Tine=. *(1) _v._ To light a fire or candle (A.C.). ~Tin'd~ (B.). Cf.

+A.S. _tendan, on-tendan_, to kindle, and E. _tinder_. *(2) To finish

+off a laid hedge or stake-fence by weaving in the top-band of boughs

+(A.B.). *(3) _v._ To divide or enclose a field with a hedge (A.B.C.).

+A.S. _týnan_.--N.W.

+

+    'To tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose it with a

+    fence of wood or quickset.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(4) _n._ A drag or harrow tooth (D.).--N.W. *(5) To give the ground

+two or three _tinings_ is to draw the harrow two or three times over

+the same place. See Cope's _Hants Gloss_.

+

+    'They drag it two, three, or four times, and harrow it four,

+    five, or six times, viz. (provincially speaking), they

+    give it "so many tine with the drag, and so many with the

+    harrow."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+=Ting-tang=. A small church-bell (S.). See ~Tang~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tining=. (1) _n._ A new enclosure made with a dead hedge (D.H.

+Wr.).--N.W. (2) _n._ A fence of wood, either brushwood, pale, or

+quickset (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tippem=, =Tippum=. A game played by six boys, three on each side of

+the table. The centre one 'works the piece,' i.e. passes it from hand

+to hand up and down under his side of the table. Then all the hands

+are placed on the table, and the opposite side guesses which hand the

+'piece' is in, and scores or loses a mark according as the guess is

+right or wrong. The 'piece' may be anything available, from a knife

+to a pebble or bean.--N.W.

+

+=Tippy=, =Tippity=. Easily upset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tistie-tostie=, =Tostie=. A child's name for both cowslip and

+cowslip-ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tithing=, =Tething=. A shock of ten sheaves, for convenience in

+tithe-taking (D.). The same as ~Hyle~.--N.W.

+

+=Titty-wren=. The wren.--N.W.

+

+*=Toads'-cheese=. Toadstool, fungus (A.).

+

+*=Toads'-heads=. _Fritillaria Meleagris_, L., Snake's-head (_English

+Plant Names_).--N.W. (Minety.)

+

+=Toads'-meat=. Toadstools; fungi (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Toad-stabber=. A bad blunt knife (S.). Commonly used by boys about

+Clyffe Pypard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Todge=. Any thick spoon-meat, as gruel (A.B.C.). See ~Stodge~.--N.W.

+

+=Token=. *(1) A fool (H.Wr.). (2) A 'young token' is a young

+rascal.--N.W. (3) Formerly used also as a term of endearment.

+A man would call his children his 'little tokens.'--N.W. (4)

+'Blackberry-token,' the Dewberry.

+

+=Toll=. To entice or decoy. ~Tawl~ (S.). 'Hev' a bit o' cheese, to

+toll the bread down wi', will 'ee?' Still in common use. A cow given

+to wandering, when she breaks out of bounds, generally 'tolls' the

+rest of the herd after her.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toll-bird=. (1) _n._ A trained decoy-bird; also a stuffed bird used

+as a decoy.--N. & S.W. (2) 'To give anything just as a toll-bird,'

+to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel. Tradesmen will sell some one

+article far below cost-price, as a toll-bird to attract custom.--S.W.

+

+=Tom-bird=. The male of any bird is generally so called in N. Wilts.

+

+=Tom Cull=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_ (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy=. Food in general (S.), especially when carried out into the

+fields.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-bag=. The bag in which labourers take food out with them

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-hacker=. The same as Hacker.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Tommy-hawk=. A potato hacker. See ~Hacker~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tom Thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+*=Tom Thumb's Honeysuckle=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Toppings=. Bran and mill-sweepings ground up together.--N.W.

+

+=Totty=, =Tutty=, =Tutto=. A nosegay. Used all over Wilts, in

+slightly varying pronunciations, the stress sometimes falling on

+the first and sometimes on the last syllable. An apple-tree in full

+blossom is 'all a totty.' At Hungerford the tything-men are known as

+~Tutti-men~, and carry ~Tutti-poles~, or wands wreathed with flowers.

+Minsheu's Dict., Eng. and Spanish ed. 1623, 'a posie or tuttie.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Touch=. Coarse brown paper soaked in saltpetre and dried, used

+instead of matches for lighting a pipe in the open air, the spark to

+kindle it being struck with a knife and a flint. Commonly used up to

+a very recent date.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Touchwood=. A boy's game, in which the pursued endeavours to escape

+by touching _wood_, i.e. tree or post, before his pursuer can seize

+him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toward=. (1) Order to a horse to come towards you.--N.W. (2) Hence

+applied to anything near or leaning towards you (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Towardly=. Docile, as opposed to _froward_.--N.W.

+

+=To-year=, =T'year=. This year. 'I bain't a-gwain' to set no taters

+to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Traipse=, =Trapes=, =Traipsey=. (1) _n._ A slattern.--N. & S.W. (2)

+To walk in a slatternly manner; used chiefly of women.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Trammel Hawk=. _Falco peregrinus_, Peregrine Falcon (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 72).--S.W.

+

+=Trant=. To move goods.--N.W.

+

+=Tranter=. A haulier.--N.W.

+

+=Trapes=. n. An untidy person (S.). See ~Traipes~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Traveller's-ease=. _Achillea Millefolium_, L., Common Yarrow.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Tree-mouse=. _Certhia familiaris_, the Common Creeper.--S.W.

+

+    'It may be seen creeping like a mouse up and down the hole

+    of a tree. Hence it is known in the south of the county as

+    the "Tree-mouse.'"--_Birds of Wilts._, p. 259. #/ =Trendle=.

+    (1) _n._ A circular trough or tray in which bakers mix their

+    dough.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ Hence, a circular earthwork.--N.W.

+

+    'Chisenbury Camp, or Trendle, as it is vulgarly

+    called.'--BRITTON'S _Top. Descr. Wilts_., p. 407.

+

+=Triangle=. 'To plant cabbages triangle,' to set them in _quincunx_

+order.--N.W.

+

+=Trig=. (1) _v._ To fasten, make firm (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 113).--N.W. (2) adj. 'Pretty trig,' in fairly good health.--S.W.

+(Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Trigger=. The rod let down to '_trig up_' the shafts of a cart.--N.W.

+

+*=Trim-tram=. A gate which swings in a V-shaped enclosure of post and

+rail, so as to prevent cattle from passing through.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Trins=. Calves' trins, i.e., calves' stomachs, are used in

+cheese-making.--N.W.

+

+=Trip=. To take off in jumping.--N.W.

+

+=Tripping=. The 'take-off' in jumping.--N.W.

+

+    'Sometimes they could not leap because the tripping was bad

+    ... sometimes the landing was bad ... or higher than the

+    tripping.--_Bevis_, ch. v.

+

+=Trounce=. To have the law of a man, to punish by legal process

+(A.B.S.); never used of physical punishment.--N.W.

+

+=Truckle=. (1) _v._ To roll.--N.W. (2) _n._ Anything that may be

+rolled.--N.W. (3) _n._ A small cheese (S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckle-cheese=. A small barrel-shaped cheese of about 6 or 8

+lbs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckles=. (1) 'Sheep's-truckles,' sheep dung; the usual term in

+N. Wilts. Cf. 'trottles' in Linc., and 'trestles' in Sussex.--N.W.

+(2) 'To play truckles,' to roll anything, such as a reel, the top

+of a canister, &c., from one player to another, backwards and

+forwards.--S.W.

+

+=Trumpery=. Weeds growing in cultivated ground.--N.W.

+

+    'If he'd a-let us have it rent free first year ('cause

+    that land wer all full o' trump'ry that high) we could ha'

+    done.'--Jonathan Merle, ch. xxxvii. p. 412.

+

+=Tuck=. (1) 'To tuck a rick,' to pull out the uneven hay all round

+the sides, until they look smooth and even.--N.W. (2) To smart

+with pain (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (3) To blow gustily. 'The wind is so

+tucking to-day,' i.e. gusty, veering, blowing from all quarters,

+uncertain.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tuffin=, =Tuffin-hay=, =Tuff-mowing=. Late hay made of the rough

+grass left by the cattle. ~Turvin~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Tufwort=. Probably the nest of _Vespa Britannica_, which in hot

+summers has occurred frequently in our hedges in some parts of the

+county.

+

+    'Between Crookwood and what is called "The Folly," they

+    observed a large cluster in one of the fir-trees ... which

+    turned out to be a wasps' nest. The nest, which was nearly

+    as large as a quartern measure, was fully matured, and is

+    described by an expert in taking wasps' nests as what is known

+    as "the tufwort" nest. It consisted of three splendid cakes of

+    comb, enclosed in a web.'--Local Papers, July, 1893.

+

+=Tugs=. Pieces of chain attached to the hames of the thiller, by

+which he draws.--N.W.

+

+=Tuley=. See ~Tewley~.

+

+=Tulip-tree=. _Acer pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore, the smell or

+taste of the young shoots being supposed by children to resemble that

+of the tulip.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Tump=. A hillock (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tumpy=. Hillocky, uneven (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Tun=. (1) _n._ Chimney, chimney-top (A.B.C.). 'Chimney-tun' (_Wild

+Life_, ch. viii).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To tun,' or 'to tun in,' to

+pour liquid through a 'tun-dish' into a cask.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+Devizes, Huish.)

+

+=Tun-dish=, or =Tun-bowl=. A kind of wooden funnel, like a small

+bucket, with hoops round it, and a tube at the bottom, used for

+pouring liquids into a cask.--N.W. (Devizes, Clyffe Pypard, Huish.)

+See _Measure for Measure_, iii. 2.

+

+=Turf=. Refuse oak-bark from the tanner's, made into cakes for firing

+(B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (Marlborough, &c.)

+

+*=Turn= or =Torn=. A spinning-wheel.--N.W. (obsolete). This word

+frequently occurs in the Mildenhall parish accounts, as:--

+

+    '1793. To Box and Spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 2_d_. To a Standard,

+    hoop 4 spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 3_d_. To a Hoop 3 spokes to a

+    Torn, 11 _d_. To 4 legs and standard a hope 5 spokes to Sal's

+    Torn, 2_s_. 7_d_. To Mending Bery's Torn, 1_s_. 6_d_. 1784.

+    Paid John Rawlins for a Turn, 3_s_.'

+

+    In 1809-10 the word _Turn_ gives place to _Spinning-wheel_.

+

+*=Turnpike=. A wire set by a poacher across a hare's run (_Amateur

+Poacher_, chs. ii. and vii).--N.W.

+

+=Turvin=. See ~Tuffin~.

+

+=Tutto=. See ~Totty~.--N.W.

+

+=Tutty=. See ~Totty~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Tut-work=. Piece-work (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Twinge=. (1) _n._ A long flat cake or loaf of bread.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) (2) _n._ A piece of dough, moulded for making into

+bread.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Twire=. To look wistfully at anything (A.B.C.). 'How he did twire

+an' twire at she, an' her wouldn't so much as gie 'un a look!' In

+_Cunnington MS._ the word is said to have been in common use at that

+time in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The wench ... twired and twinkled at him.'--FLETCHER, _Women

+    Pleased_, p. 41.

+

+    'Compare Prov. Germ, _zwiren_, to take a stolen glance at a

+    thing.--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Twi-ripe=. Ripening unevenly (D.).

+

+=Twit=. In cider-making, the same as ~Perkins~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=T'year=. This year (A.S.) See ~To-year~.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=U=. _U_ is often sounded _ow_, as _fowsty_, fusty, _dowst_, dust, or

+chaff.

+

+=Uck=. This very characteristic N. Wilts verb is used in many ways.

+Stable-litter is ucked about with a fork in cleaning out; weeds are

+ucked out of a gravel path with an old knife; a cow ucks another

+with the thrust of her horn; or a bit of cinder is ucked out of the

+eye with a bennet. See _Great Estate_, ch. iv, where it is said

+that anything stirred with a pointed instrument is 'ucked'; also

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii. 'It is apparently not a perversion of

+_hook_, and should be compared with _huck_, to push, lift, gore,

+Hants; huck, a hard blow, Suss., and huck, to spread about manure

+(see Parish, _Sussex Gloss._). It is perhaps a by-form of Prov.

+_hike_, to toss, throw, or strike' (Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Unbelieving=. Of children, disobedient. 'He be that unbelieving, I

+can't do nothin' wi' un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Under-creeping=. Underhanded.--S.W.

+

+=Unempty=, =Unempt=, =Unent=. _v._ To empty (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Unked= or =Hunked=. Lonely (A.), but always with an idea of

+uncanniness underlying it. ''Tes a unked rwoad to take late o'

+nights.' Also ~Unkid~, ~Unkerd~ (B.C.), ~Unkert~ (C.), and ~Unket~

+(B.).--N.W.

+

+    'The gamekeeper ... regards this place as "unkid"--i.e. weird,

+    uncanny.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv.

+

+    'Related to uncouth = (1) unknown, (2) strange, uncanny,

+    lonely.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+    'What be the matter with thuck dog you? How he do howl--it

+    sounds main unkid!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+Here _unkid_=ominous and uncanny.

+

+=Unthaw=. To thaw (S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Up-along=. A little way up the street or road (S.). See

+~Down-along~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Upping-stock=. A horse-block (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Upsides=. 'I'll be upzides wi' un!' I'll be even with him (S)., or a

+match for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=V=. Many words, as _Voreright_, usually pronounced with a V, will be

+found under ~F~.

+

+=Vag=. To reap in the modern style, with a broad 'rip-hook' and a

+crooked stick, chopping the straw off close to the ground, so as to

+leave little or no stubble (_Walks in the Wheatfields_). True reaping

+should be done with the hand instead of the crooked stick.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-hook=. The hook used in vagging.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-stick=. The crooked stick, usually hazel, with which the

+corn is drawn towards the reaper in vagging (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Valiant Sparrow=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 257).

+

+=Vallens=. See ~Falling~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vamp=. To walk about (S.). Much more used in Dorset. 'I zeed she

+a-vamping half round the town.'--S.W.

+

+*=Vamplets=. Rude gaiters to defend the legs from wet (A.H.). Cf.

+Bams. Also used in the New Forest. See _Cradock Nowell_, ch. xviii,

+'Not come with me ... and you with your vamplets on, and all!' where

+the word is applied to shooting gaiters.--N.W.

+

+=Veer=. (1) _n._ A furrow.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.) (2) _v._ 'To veer

+out the rudges,' to mark out with the plough the 'rudges' or 'lands'

+before ploughing the whole field.--N.W.

+

+=Veer weather=. Chopping, changeable weather.

+

+=Veldevare= or =Veldever=. See ~Velt~.

+

+*=Vell=. The salted stomach of a young calf, used for making

+rennet.--N.W. (Malmesbury).

+

+*=Velleys=. The drain where the eaves of a cottage meet.

+

+=Velt=. The fieldfare. _Turdus pilaris_ (_Wild Life_, ch. xvi),

+the usual name for the bird in N. Wilts, there being a few local

+variants, as ~Vulver~ at Huish and ~Veldever~ at Clyffe Pypard. Also

+~Veldevare~.--N.W.

+

+    'Tom was a regular gawney ... and went about wi' a handful o'

+    zalt to catch the veldevares.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+=Vert=. See ~Plim~.

+

+*=Vessel=. See quotation.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'To wash up the vessel (_sing._ not _pl._) is to wash up

+    plates, dishes, &c.'--Miss E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Vinney=. (1) _adj._ Mouldy (A.C.S.), as applied to bread or cheese.

+A.S. _fynig_. _Cunnington MS._ points out that it is only used of

+white or blue mould, never of black or rotten mould. It was said at

+Hill Deverill of a woman feigning to be bed-ridden, that 'she would

+lie there abed till she were vinney.' See ~Blue-vinnied~. (2) _adj._

+Nervous. 'Do 'ee stop telling about they ghostises, or 'tull make I

+vinny.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vlonkers=. See ~Flunk~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vrail=. The whip part of the old-fashioned flail.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Vrammards=, =Vrammerd=. (1) Order to a horse to go from you, as

+opposed to ~Toward~.--N.W. (2) Hence sometimes used as _adj._ by

+ploughmen and others in speaking of anything distant or leaning away

+from them (_Great Estate_, ch. viii), as a load of hay or corn with a

+list to the off.--N.W. (3) _n._ A _vrammerd_ is a blade set at right

+angles on a short handle, used for splitting laths or rails.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Vrow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+*=Vuddles=, =Vuddels=. A spoilt child (A.B.C.H.). In Hants to

+_vuddle_ a child is to spoil it by injudicious petting.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Vulver=. See ~Velt~.

+

+

+=W=. Often not sounded at the beginning of a word. Thus _want_, a

+mole, becomes '_oont_, and _within_ and _without_ are usually _athin_

+and _athout_.

+

+=Waddle up=. To wrap up with an excess of clumsily arranged clothing;

+usually applied to infants.--N.W.

+

+=Wag=. (1) 'To wag the Church bells,' to set them ringing. Also used

+of tolling the bell for a funeral.--N. & S.W. (2) To move (S.). 'I

+be that bad I can't scarce wag.'--N. & S.W. (3) In carrying, the boy

+who stands at the horses' heads, to move them forward as required, is

+said to 'wag hoss,' and the order given is 'wag on!'--N.W.

+

+=Waggon=. The various parts of a waggon in N. Wilts bear the

+following names:--the bottom is the ~Waggon-bed~. The transverse

+pieces which support this over the ~Exes~ (axles) are the ~Pillars~,

+~Peel~ (A.). The longitudinal pieces on each side on which the sides

+rest are the ~Waggon-blades~. The similar pieces under the centre

+of the bed are the ~Bed-summers~. The cross piece at the back into

+which the ~Tail-board~ hooks is the ~Shetlock~ or ~Shutleck~. The

+~Tail Pole~ joins the front and hind wheels together underneath. The

+~Hound~ is the fore-carriage over the front wheels. The ~Slide~ is

+the cross-bar on the tail of the 'Hound.' The ~Dripple~ is the strip

+running along the top of the side of the waggon from which over the

+hind wheels project the ~Waggon-hoops~, and over the front wheels the

+~Raves~. The shafts are the ~Dills~ or ~Thills~. The ~Parters~ are

+detached pieces of wood at the side, joining the 'Dripple' to the

+'Bed.' The ~Thorough-pin~ is the pin which fastens the 'Waggon-bed'

+to the 'Carriage.' Also see ~Arms~, ~Hoops~, ~Overlayer~, ~Sharps~,

+~Draughts~, ~Limbers~, ~Strouter~, ~Ridge-tie~, ~Blades~, and

+~Spances~.

+

+=Wagtails=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wag-wants=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (S.). Also ~Weg-wants~,

+~Wig-wants~, ~Wing-Wang~, and ~Wagtails~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wake=. (1) _n._ The raked-up line (broader than a hatch or wallow)

+of hay before it is made up into pooks (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To rake hay into wakes (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Wake-at-noon=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W.

+

+=Wallow=. (1) _n._ A thin line of hay (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+_Weale_ in Dorset. (2) _v._ To rake hay into lines.--N.W. =Want=.

+A mole (B.S.); also ~Woont~ (B.) and 'oont (Wilts Tales, p. 173;

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '1620. Itm. to William Gosse for killing of wants,

+    xijd.'--Records of Chippenham, p. 202.

+

+=Want-catcher=, 'oont-catcher. _n._ A professional mole catcher.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Want-heap=. A mole-hill.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Want-rear=. A mole-hill.--S.W.

+

+=Waps=, =Wopse=. A wasp (A.S.). A.S. _wœps_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Warnd=, =Warn=. To warrant (A.S.). 'You'll get un, I warnd.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Warning-stone=. See ~Gauge-brick~. Also see _Addenda_.

+

+=Wart-wort=. (1) _Chelidonium majus_, L., The Greater Celandine, the

+juice of which is used to burn away warts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Euphorbia

+Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N.W.

+

+=Wassail=. A drinking-song, sung by men who go about at Christmas

+wassailing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Wassailing=, =Waysailing=. Going about singing and asking for money

+at Christmas (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Wasset-man=. A scarecrow (A.B.G.H.Wr.); also ~Wusset~ (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Watch=. If a hay-rick is so badly made that it heats, the owner

+is often so ashamed of it that he attempts to set the matter

+right before his neighbours find it out. If a passer-by notices

+him poking about the hay as if searching for something in it, the

+ironical question is asked--'Have you lost your watch there?'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Cp. 'To drop your watch in the bottom of the

+rick.'--_Upton-on-Severn Words_, p. 34.

+

+=Watchet=, =Wetched=, =Wetchet=. Wet about the feet. ~Wotshed~ at

+Cherhill. ~Wetched~ (A.).--N.W.

+

+    'Either way, by lane or footpath, you are sure to get what the

+    country folk call "watchet," i.e. wet.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vi.

+

+    'You'd best come along o' me to the lower lands ... for it

+    be mighty wet there these marnins, and ye'll get watshed for

+    certin.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 142.

+

+*=Water Anemone=. _Ranunculus hederaceus_, L., Ivy-leafed

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Water-blobb=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., The Water-lily (A.B.). See

+~Blobbs~.

+

+*=Water-buttercup=. _Ranunculus Flammula_, L., Lesser

+Spear-wort.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Water-Cuckoo=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. See

+~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Water-lily=. (1) _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--N. & S.W.

+*(2) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+*=Wayside-bread=. _Plantago major_, L., Plantain (_English Plant

+Names_). Cp. M.E. _wey-brede_ in the 'Promptorium.'

+

+=Weather-glass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel. See

+~Shepherd's Weather-glass~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weeth=. (i) _adj._ Tough and pliable (A.B.C.S.).--N.W. (2) _adj._

+Of bread, moist and yet not too soft. 'I puts my lease bread on the

+pantony shelf, and it soon gets nice and weeth.' Often pronounced as

+_wee_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weffet=, =Wevet=. A spider.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Weg-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Weigh-jolt=. A see-saw (A.B.H.Wr.).--Formerly in common use at

+Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Welch-nut=. A walnut (_MS. Lansd._).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Well-at-ease=. In good health, hearty.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Well-drock=. The windlass over a well.--S.W.

+

+=West= (pronounced _Waast_). A stye in the eye. See ~Wish~.--S.W.

+

+=Wheat-reed=. Straw preserved unthreshed for thatching (D.). See

+~Elms~ and ~Reed~.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Wheeling=. 'It rains wheeling,' i.e. hard or pouring.--N.W.

+(Lockeridge.) =Whicker=, =Wicker=. (1) To neigh or whinny as a

+horse, bleat as a goat, whine as a dog, &c. (S.; _Village Miners_;

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 114).--N.W. (2) To giggle.--N.W.

+*(3) 'To find a wicker's nest,' to be seized with an irrepressible

+fit of giggling (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Whip land=. Land not divided by meres, but measured out, when

+ploughed, by the whip's length (D.).

+

+=Whippence=. The fore-carriage of a plough or harrow, &c. (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Whipwhiles=. Meanwhile (S.). A Somersetshire word.--S.W.

+

+=Whissgig=. (1) _v._ To lark about. Wissgigin, larking (S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _n._ A lark, a bit of fun or tomfoolery. 'Now, none o' your

+whissgigs here!'--N.W.

+

+=Whissgiggy=. _adj._ Frisky, larky.--N.W.

+

+*=White=. 'Cow white'=cow in milk. 'Calf white'=sucking calf.

+

+    'All the small tithes such as wool and lamb, cow white and

+    calf &c. throughout all parts of the parish unexpressed in the

+    several foregoing particulars. The usual rates at present being

+    fourpence a cow white--sixpence a calf ... the sheep, lambs and

+    calves are due at St. Mark's tide--the cow white, and fatting

+    cattle at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton Parish Terrier_, 1704. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+Usually defined as above, but perhaps more correctly written as

+_cow-wite_ and _calf-wite_, i.e. the mulct or payment for a cow or

+calf.

+

+    'Tythes of Wool and Lambs and Calves, and three half pence

+    which is due and payable at Lammas being Composition Money for

+    the Tythe White of every Cow.'--_Wilcot Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+As regards the ordinary derivation, compare _white-house_, a dairy,

+_white-meat_, milk, _whites_, milk.

+

+    'Wheatly (_On the Common Prayer_, ed. 1848, pp. 233-4) quotes

+    from a letter of one G. Langbain, 1650, as follows:--"certe

+    quod de Lacte vaccarum refert, illud percognitum habeo in

+    agro _Hamtoniensi_ (an et alibi nescio) decimas Lacticiniorum

+    venire vulgo sub hoc nomine, _The Whites of Kine_; apud

+    Leicestrenses etiam Lacticinia vulgariter dicuntur

+    _Whitemeat_."'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=White Couch=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=White-flower=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+*=White-house=. A dairy (H.Wr.).

+

+=White-livered=. Pale and unhealthy-looking (S.).--N. & S.W. At

+Clyffe Pypard the word has a yet stronger idea of disease about it,

+and a 'white-livered' woman is popularly supposed to be almost as

+dangerous as was the poison-nurtured Indian beauty who was sent as

+a present to Alexander the Great. How the 'whiteness' of the liver

+is to be detected is not very clear, but probably it is by the

+pallor of the face. At any rate, if you discover that a young woman

+is 'white-livered,' do not on any account marry her, because the

+whiteness of the liver is of a poisonous nature, and you assuredly

+will not live long with a white-livered young woman for your wife. It

+is most unhealthy, and if _she_ does not die, _you_ will! The word is

+so used of both sexes.

+

+=White Robin Hood=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=White-wood=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder-rose.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) ~White-weed~.--S.W. (Farley).

+

+*=Whitty-tree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L. (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 56, ed. Brit.)

+

+=Whiver=. (1) To quiver, hover, flutter. ~Wiver~ (S.).--S.W. (2) To

+waver, hesitate.--S.W.

+

+*=Who'say=, =Hoosay=. An idle report.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Wicker=. See ~Whicker~.

+

+=Wig-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Wild Asparagus=. _Ornithogalum pyrenaicum_, L., Spiked Star of

+Bethlehem.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wildern= (_i_ short). An apple-tree run wild in the hedges, as

+opposed to a true crab-tree.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Wild Willow=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb

+(_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Will-jill=. An impotent person or hermaphrodite.--N.W. Compare

+_Wilgil_ and _John-and-Joan_ in Hal.

+

+*=Willow-wind=. (1) _Convolvulus_, Bindweed (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii). (2) _Polygonum Fagopyrum_, L., Buckwheat (_Ibid._).

+

+=Wiltshire Weed, The=. The Common Elm. See notice in _Athenaeum_,

+1873, of Jefferies' _Goddard Memoir_, also _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. x.

+p. 160. This is a term frequently occurring in books and articles on

+Wilts, but it would not be understood by the ordinary Wiltshire folk.

+

+=Wim=. To winnow.--S.W.

+

+=Wind-mow=. A cock of a waggon-load or more, into which hay is

+sometimes put temporarily in catchy weather (D.), containing about 15

+cwt. in N. Wilts, and a ton elsewhere.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wing-wang=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Winter-proud=. Of wheat, too rank (D.), as is frequently the case

+after a mild winter. See ~Proud~.--N.W.

+

+=Wirral=, =Worral=, or =Wurral=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black

+Horehound.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wish=, =Wisp=. A sty in the eye.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Wissgigin=. See ~Whissgig~ (1).

+

+=Withwind=, or =Withwine=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed,

+and other species (A.B.D.S.). ~Wave-wine~ or ~Wither-wine~ (_Cycl. of

+Agric._); ~Withywind~ on Som. border.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wivel=, =Wyvel=. To blow as wind does round a corner or through a

+hole.--N.W.

+

+=Wivelly=, or =Wivel-minded=. Undecided, wavering, fickle, and

+untrustworthy (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Wiver=. See ~Whiver~.

+

+=Womble=. _v._ To wobble about from weakness, &c. (_Dark_, ch. iv,

+where it is used of children who come to school without having had

+any breakfast).--N. &. S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Wombly=. _adj._ Wobbly (_Dark_, ch. iv).

+

+=Wonderment=. (1) _n._ A sight or pastime of any kind.--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Any occupation that appears fanciful and unpractical to the

+rustic mind. Thus a boy who had a turn for inventions, drawing,

+verse-making, butterfly-collecting, or anything else of a similar

+nature which lies outside the ordinary routine of a labourer's daily

+life, would be described as always 'aater his 'oonderments.'--N.W.

+(3) _v._ To play the fool, waste time over unprofitable work.--N.W.

+

+*=Wood-sour=. _adj._ Of soil, loose, spongy. Also ~Woodsere~.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'The strong red land on the high level parts of the Downs ...

+    once wood-land, and sometimes expressly called "wood-sour"

+    land.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    'A poor wood-sere land very natural for the production of

+    oaks.'--AUBREY, _Miscell_. p. 211.

+

+    'It is a wood-sere country abounding much with sour and austere

+    plants.'--AUBREY, _Nat. Hist. of Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wood-wax=. *(1) _Genista tinctoria_, L., Dyer's Greenweed (D.),

+Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, pp. 34 and 49, ed. Brit.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_Genista Anglica_, L., Needle Whin.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Wooset=. See ~Houssett~.

+

+=Wooster-blister=. A smack in the face or box on the ear.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.) Cf. Som. ~Whister-twister~, and Dev. ~Whister-poop~.

+

+*=Works=. In a water-meadow, the system of trenches and carriages by

+which the water is brought in and distributed (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii).

+

+=Worsen=. _v._ To grow worse. 'You be worsened a deal since I seen

+'ee laast, I d' lot as you bean't a gwain' to live long.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wosbird=. A term of reproach (A.),=_whore's brood_. There are many

+variants, as ~Hosebird~, ~Husbird~, and ~Oozebird~. Much commoner in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They're a couple o' th' ugliest wosbirds in the vair.'--Wilts

+    Tales, p. 89.

+

+In his _Dictionary of Provincial English_, Wright defines this as

+'a wasp,' a mistake too amusing to be passed over! Probably his

+informant heard a rustic who had got into a wasp's nest, and been

+badly stung, 'danging they wosbirds,' and on asking what he meant by

+'wosbirds' was told that they were the 'wopses,' and not unnaturally

+concluded that the two words were synonyms.

+

+=Wout=. A carter's order to a horse to bear off. The opposite to Coom

+hether.

+

+=Wrap=. _n._ A thin strip of wood. See ~Rap~.

+

+=Wrastle=. To spread, as cancer, fire, roots, &c.--N.W.

+

+    'These fires are, or were, singularly destructive in

+    villages--the flames running from thatch to thatch, and, as

+    they express it, "wrastling" across the intervening spaces. A

+    pain is said to "wrastle," or shoot and burn.'--_Wild Life_,

+    ch. iv. p. 68.

+

+*=Wreaths=. The long rods used in hurdle-making (D.).

+

+=Wrick=, =Rick=. To twist or wrench. 'I've bin an' wricked me ankly.'

+M.E. _wrikken_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wridgsty=. See ~Ridge-tie~.

+

+=Wrist=. To twist, especially used of wringing the neck of a rabbit

+or fowl (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).--N.W.

+

+=Wug=, =Woog=. Order to a horse (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wusset=. See ~Wasset-man~.

+

+=Wusted=. Looking very ill, grown worse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Y=. Many words beginning with H, G, or a vowel, are usually sounded

+with Y prefixed, as _Yacker_, acre; _Yeppern_, apron; _Yat_, or

+_Yeat_, gate; _Yeldin_, a hilding; and _Yerriwig_, earwig.

+

+Verbs ending in _y_ often drop that letter. Thus empty and study

+become _empt_ and _stud_.

+

+The free infinitive in _y_ was formerly much used, but is now dying

+out. It was used in a general question, as 'Can you _mowy_?' Were a

+special piece of work referred to, _mowy_ would not be correct, the

+question then being simply 'Can you _mow_ thuck there meäd?'

+

+The following example of the 'free infinitive' is given in

+_Cunnington MS._:--

+

+    'There is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs

+    from Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for

+    professions--take an Example. Well Mary, how do you get on

+    in Life? what do you and your family do _now_ to get a Living

+    in these times--Wy Zur we do aal vind Zummut to do--Jan, ye

+    know, he do _Smithey_ [work as a smith] Jin the beggist wench

+    do spinney the Little one do Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ [go out

+    as a Chore Woman] and the two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One

+    works as a smith--one spins one makes Lace one goes out as a

+    Chore woman & two are Bird keepers which Latter term were more

+    to the purpose if expressed Bird frightener or driver.'

+

+=Yap=, =Yop=. (1) To yelp as a dog (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To talk

+noisily. 'What be a yopping there for?'--N.W.

+

+*=Yard-land=. Land sufficient for a plough of oxen and a yard to

+winter them; an ancient copyhold tenure (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Yard of land=. A quarter of an acre, because formerly, in common

+lands forty poles long, the quarter acre was a land-yard wide

+(D.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Yea-nay=. 'A yea-nay chap,' one who does not know his own

+mind.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Yeemath=. Aftermath (B.). ~Youmath~ (A.B.). ~Yeomath~ (A.H.Wr.).

+Probably = _young math_, cp. _young grass_ in W. Somerset. Cp.

+~Ea-math~, ~Ameäd~ at Cherhill, ~Ea-grass~ in S. Wilts.--N.W.

+

+=Yees=. An earthworm. See ~Eass~.

+

+=Yelding=, =Yeldin=. n. A hilding (A): a woman of bad character

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 3).--N.W.

+

+    'I've allus bin respectable wi' my women volk, and I wun't ha'e

+    no yeldin' belongin' to ma.'--_Dark_, ch. xix.

+

+=Yellucks=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Yelm=, =Yelms=. See ~Elms~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Yellow-cups=. Buttercups in general.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Yellow-Thatch=. _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow Vetchling.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Yoke=. See ~Fork~ (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).

+

+=Yop=. See ~Yap~.

+

+*=You=. This word is often thrown in at the end of a sentence,

+sometimes as a kind of query--'Don't you think so?'--but usually to

+give a strong emphasis to some assertion.--N.W.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'Fine growing marning, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+    'That be a better job than ourn, you.'--_Hodge and his

+    Masters_, ch. vii.

+

+=Yuckel=, =Yuckle=. A woodpecker (A.H.Wr.). So called from its cry,

+_Yuc_, _yuc_.--N.W.

+

+=Yaught=, =Yawt=. To swallow, to drink. 'There's our Bill--he can

+yaught down drenk like anything,' or 'He can yaught a deal.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+

+=Z=. Among the old people _S_ is still usually sounded as _Z_, as

+_Zaat_ or _Zate_, soft; _Zound_, to swoon; _Zorrens_, servings, &c.

+See _S_ for many such instances.

+

+*=Zaad-paul=. This term used to be commonly applied about Aldbourne

+to an utterly good-for-nothing fellow, but is gradually dying out

+now. It probably means 'soft head.' See ~Saat~.

+

+*=Zam=. To heat anything for some time over the fire, without letting

+it come to the boil.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Zammy=. (1) _n._ A simpleton, a soft-headed fellow (S.).--S.W. *(2)

+_adj._ 'Zammy tea,' half-cold, insipid tea.--N.W. (Hullavington.)

+

+=Zam-zodden=. Long-heated over a slow fire, and so half spoilt.

+This and the last two words belong to Som. rather than Wilts. A.S.

+_sām-soden_, half boiled.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+

+

+ADDENDA

+

+

+=Afterclaps=. Consequences, results. ~Atterclaps~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=. _Add_:--

+

+    'Zweethearts, an wives, an children young,

+    Like sheep at vair, be ael among.'

+                                     E. SLOW, _Smilin Jack_.

+

+=All as is=. All there is to be said, the final word in the matter.

+Used when giving a very peremptory order to a labourer to carry out

+your instructions without any further question. 'Aal as is as you've

+a-got to do be to volly on hoein' they turmuts till I tells 'ee to

+stop!'--N.W.

+

+=Along of=. (1) On account of. ''Twer aal along o' she's bwoy's bad

+ways as her tuk to drenk.'--N. & S.W. (2) In company with. 'Here, you

+just coom whoam along o' I, an I'll gie 'ee summut to arg about!'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Aloud=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Altrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. See

+~Eltrot~.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Apple-scoop=. A kind of scoop or spoon, made from the knuckle-bone

+of a leg of mutton, and used for eating apples, the flavour of which

+it is supposed to improve.--N.W.

+

+=At=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Away with=. _Add_:--N. & S.W.

+

+

+*=Babes-in-the-Cradle=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water

+Figwort.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. _Add_:--*(3) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Back-friends=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bag=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bannix=. To drive away poultry, or to hunt them about. 'Go an'

+bannix they vowls out.' 'Dwon't bannix about they poor thengs like

+that!'--S.W.

+

+=Barley-buck=. A boy's game, played by guessing at the number of

+fingers held up.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Bash=, =Bashet=. At Harnham, Salisbury, a small raised footpath is

+known as the Bashet, while at Road certain houses built on the upper

+side of a similar footpath, close to the boundary line dividing Wilts

+and Somerset, are spoken of as being 'on the Bash.'

+

+=Bay=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Bayle=. Some plant which we cannot identify.--Obsolete.

+

+    'In this ground [near Kington St. Michael, grows]

+    bayle.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+=Bee-hackle=. The straw covering of a hive. See ~Hackle~ (2)--S.W.

+

+*=Belly-vengeance=. _Add_:--Also used of very inferior cider.

+

+=Bennets=. (1) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. _Add_:--(4) _Veronica Buxbaumii_, Ten., Buxbaum's

+Speedwell.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Bivery=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bleat=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Blicker=. To shine intermittently, to glimmer. 'I zeen a light a

+blickerin' droo th' tallot dwoor.'--S.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. _Add_:--N. & S.W., obsolete.

+

+=Blooms=. Flushes in the face. 'Ther you knaws as I do allus get the

+hot blooms ter'ble bad.'--S.W.

+

+=Bolster-pudding=. A roly-poly pudding.--N.W.

+

+*=Bookin='. See ~Buck~.

+

+=Bossy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Boys=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brash=, =Braish=. Of weather, cold and bracing.--N.W.

+

+=Brashy=. Full of small stones and grit. 'Th' vier wer ter'ble

+braishy 'smarnin',' the coal was bad and stony.--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Break=. (1) _Add_:--Still used in this sense at Deverill, S.W. (2)

+Of a spring, to rise.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'When the springs doe breake in Morecombe-bottom, in the north

+    side of the parish of Broade Chalke, which is seldome, 'tis

+    observed that it foretells a deer yeare for corne.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 34, ed. Brit.

+

+=Breeding-bag=. The ovary of a sow.--N.W.

+

+=Brevet=. (1) _Add_:--'Brevettin' into other folks' business.'--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Brimmer=. A broad-brimmed hat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Broken-mouthed=. Children are said to be 'broken-mouthed,' when they

+are losing their teeth.--N.W.

+

+=Broom=. 'I bain't a-gwain to hang out the broom,' I intend to be

+very particular as to character, &c., before engaging any servants

+or labourers.--N.W. (Wedhampton.) In Berks, 'to hang th' brum out

+o' winder,' means that the wife is away, and so the husband is at

+liberty to entertain any bachelor friends of his who like to drop in.

+

+=Buck=. _Add_:--At Deverill 'Bookin'' is used instead, a 'good

+bookin' o' clothes' being a large wash.--S.W.

+

+=Buck-hearted=. Of cabbages, the same as ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Budget=. The leather pouch in which a mower carries his

+whetstone.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Bunt-lark=. The Common Bunting.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Buttercup=. _Add_:--N.W. (Huish); S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Butter-flower=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+    'The watered meadows all along from Marleborough to Hungerford,

+    Ramesbury, and Littlecot, at the later end of April, are yellow

+    with butter flowers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Buzzel-hearted=. A cabbage or broccoli plant that has lost its eye

+is said to be 'buzzel-hearted.' Compare ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+

+

+=Caddling=. _Under_ (3) _add_:--'A caddlin' place' is one where as

+soon as a servant begins one piece of work he or she is called off

+to another, and can never get a chance of finishing anything off

+satisfactorily.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call over=. To publish the banns.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Callus= or =Callis=. _v._ To become hard, as soil in frosty weather:

+to cake together (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cank=. _Add_:--*(2) _n._ Idle gossip.

+

+=Canker=. (1) _Add_:--Also ~Cankie~.

+

+=Cankers=. 'The baby hev a-got the cankers,' viz. white-mouth or

+thrush.--N.W.

+

+=Carpet=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Cart=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. _Add as example_:--'Hev 'ee zeed how thuck ther ground is aal

+chapped wi' th' dry weather? They chaps be so gashly big, the young

+pa'tridges 'ull purty nigh vall in.'

+

+=Chin-cough=. The whooping cough.--N.W.

+

+=Chip=. _Add_:--See Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 262.

+

+=Clacker=. _Add_:--(2) A couple of pieces of wood, rattled together

+to scare birds off the crops.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clam=. (1) To over-fill and choke up anything, as a water-pipe. The

+throat sometimes gets quite 'clammed up' with phlegm.--N.W. (2) To

+surfeit any one with food.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clamp about=. To stump about noisily.--N.W.

+

+=Clean-and-wholly=. Entirely. ''Tes aal gone clean-an'-wholly out o'

+she's yead!'--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Clinkerballs=. Balls of dried dung or dirt in a sheep's wool.--S.W.

+(Wilton, &c.)

+

+=Cloddy=. _Add as example_:--'He's a cloddy sart o' a chap.'

+

+=Clogweed=. _Add_:--(2) _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W.

+

+=Cludgy=. Clingy, sticky; used especially of bad bread.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Collets=. Young cabbage plants. A man will say in spring, 'I got a

+good lot o' collets, but they bean't cabbages.'--N.W.

+

+=Come away=. To spring up.--N.W.

+

+    'Owing to the long drought [barley] came away from the ground

+    at different periods, which will, without doubt, materially

+    injure the sample for malting purposes.'--_Devizes Gazette_,

+    June 22, 1893.

+

+=Comical=. _Add_:--Round Warminster everything but a tom-cat is _he_.

+

+=Conigre=. _Add_:--Other localities which may be noted are

+Blacklands, Winterbourne Bassett, and Mildenhall. See Smith's _Antiq.

+N. Wilts_.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Count=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Coward=. _Dele_ *, and _add_:--Clyffe Pypard.

+

+*=Cow-down=. _Add_:--On the Ordnance Map there are 'Cow-downs' marked

+at Deverill, Wylye, Steeple Langford, and Westbury.

+

+*=Creeping Jane=. _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L., Moneywort.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Creep-mouse=. To play 'creep-mouse,' to tickle babies and make them

+laugh.--N.W.

+

+=Criddlin Pudden=. A kind of pudding, made of the nubbly bits left

+over when pigs' fleck has been boiled and pounded and strained.

+_Crittens_ in Berks.--N.W.

+

+=Crutch=. (1) A large earthen jar, such as butter is potted in. Cf.

+Critch.--N. & S.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) A cheese-pan.--N.W.

+

+*=Cuckoo-pint=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's smock.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+

+=Daffy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Devourous=. Ravenous.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Dicky-birds=. After S.W. _add_:--(Deverill.)

+

+=Dillcup=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ranunculus acris_, L., Meadow

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton, Little Langford.)

+

+=Do=. To thrive (used reflexively). 'He does (_o_ pronounced as in

+the infinitive) hissel well, dwon't he?' said of an animal that does

+credit to its owner by the way in which it thrives.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Doer=. A pig that thrives well, even on poor food, is a 'good doer,'

+while a 'bad doer' refuses to fatten, give it what you will.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? _Add_:--Also used at Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Dog-in-a-blanket=. A roly-poly pudding--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Down-lanterns=. Heaps of chalk, marking the tracks from village to

+village over the downs, to prevent people going astray at night.--S.W.

+

+=Drashel=. _Dele_:--As two men generally work together.

+

+*=Draw-sheave=. (Pronounced _Draa-sheave_.) A wheelwright's

+draw-knife.--S.W.

+

+*=Druck=. n. 'A druck of people,' a great crowd.--S.W. (Wilton.)

+

+=Drug=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--~Drugshoe~ at

+Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. _Add_:--Ironically used at Deverill, as, 'Ther'll be

+a frost to-night.' 'Ah, a duck's-frost,' viz. none at all.--S.W.

+

+=Dumble=. _Add_:--~Dummil~ (C.).

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+*=Elm-stock= (_Yelm-stock_). A forked stick for carrying straw for

+thatching.--S.W.

+

+=Enemy=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone. So generally used in

+Wilts that it seems advisable to note it, in spite of its being a

+mere corruption.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ent=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+

+=Faggot=. _Add_:--Used as a general term of abuse.--S.W.

+

+=Falling=. _Add_:--This requires some slight modification. 'We'm

+a-gwain to ha' a vallen' seems to be restricted to snow; but when

+there is some doubt as to what sort of weather is coming, the phrase

+would be 'A vallen o' zum zart,' or 'zum vallen,' thus covering snow,

+rain, or hail.

+

+*=Feggy=. Fair.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Their persons [in North Wilts] are generally plump and

+    feggy.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Fiddler's-money=. Small change (threepenny and fourpenny bits).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Fiddle-sticks=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Add_:--_Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort

+Plantain.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Firk=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Flashy heats=. Hot flushes, that come and go when one is feverish

+and weak, as a woman after her confinement.--N.W.

+

+=Flask=. A limp straw-basket used to carry food and tools. Used in

+Glouc.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Flip=, =Flip-tongued=. Smooth-spoken, glib.--N.W.

+

+=Folly=. _Add_:--In Berks the word is frequently applied to a round

+clump of fir-trees on a hill.

+

+=For=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) *=Furze-tacker= (_Vuzz-tacker_).

+_Saxicola rubetra_, the Whinchat.--S.W.

+

+=Fussicky=. Fussy, fidgetty.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+

+=Gallows-gate=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Gawley=. _adj._ Patchy: used especially of root-crops that grow

+unequally.--S.W., in common use.

+

+=Gay=. _Add_:--(2) In good health. 'I do veel main gay agean

+'smarnin', but I wur gashly bad aal laas' wick wi' th' rheumatiz.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Get out=. To 'get out' a drawn or carriage in the water meadows

+is to clean it well out and make up the banks. To 'get out' a set

+of posts and rails is to cut them out and prepare them for putting

+up.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. _Add_:--Underground Onions.

+

+*=Gilliflower-grass=. _Carex glauca_, L., and _Carex panicea_,

+L.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'In Bradon Forest growes ... a blew grasse they call

+    July-flower grasse, which cutts the sheepes mouthes, except in

+    the spring.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Gipsy-nut=s. Hips and haws.--S.W. (near Trowbridge.)

+

+=Girls=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Good liver=. A person who lives an exceptionally good and pious

+life.--N.W.

+

+=Good-living=. Leading a very pious life. 'Her wur allus a

+good-living sart o' a 'ooman.'--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. _Add_:--~Grinted~ in Berks.

+

+=Gramfer= (or =Granfer=) =Grig=. A woodlouse. At Deverill, S.W.,

+children try to charm it into curling up, when held in the hand, by

+singing:--

+

+    'Granfer Grig killed a pig,

+      Hung un up in corner;

+    Granfer cried and Piggy died,

+      And all the fun was over.'

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. _Add_:--*(5) _Geum rivale_, L.,

+Water Avens.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Grigger cake=. Fine paste spread thin like a pancake, and baked on a

+gridiron over a mass of glowing wood-coals.--S.W.

+

+=Ground=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _Dele_ 'Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._?' and

+_add_:--Also used in Glouc. as a noun.

+

+=Guss=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+=Hack=. (1) _Add_:--To hoe; frequently used in S. Wilts.

+

+=Hackle=. (2) _Add_:--~Hackle~, and sometimes ~Shackle~, are used

+at Deverill, while elsewhere in S. Wilts ~Bee-hackle~ is the word

+employed.

+

+=Hames=. _Dele_ 'in drawing,' and add 'with staples to take the

+traces.'

+

+=Hand=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hand-staff=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hanging-post=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill), where ~Har~ is seldom used.

+

+=Hanglers=. _Add_:--In Deverill, a hook used for this purpose is

+known as 'a hangles.'--S.W.

+

+=Har=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill, occasionally.)

+

+=Harl=. _Add_:--~Hardle~ is also used in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Harvest-man=. A kind of Spider with long legs.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heal=. _Add_:--A house is said to be 'unhealed,' or uncovered, when

+the thatch has been stripped off by a storm.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hearken-back=. To recall.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heartless=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heaver=. _Add_:--'Van, heavier, caffin or caving rudder, the

+winnowing fan and tackle' (D.).

+

+=Hill-trot=. _Add_:--*(3) _Anthriscus sylvestris_, Hoffm., Wild

+Beaked-Parsley.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Hitch off=. To release horses from work.--S.W.

+

+*=Honey-pot=. A children's game, in which one child lifts

+another.--S.W.

+

+=Hop-about=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Hopped=. Cracked, as a boiler, by heat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Huck down=. To beat down in bargaining. 'I hucked un down vrom vive

+shillin' to vower an' zix.' Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, but not

+known there now.--N.W.

+

+=Huckmuck=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill). _Add_:--(4) _v._ To mess

+about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hun-barrow= (or =-barrer=). A tumulus.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunger-bane=. To starve to death. See ~Bane~.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Bradfield and Dracot Cerne is such vitriolate earth ...

+    [which] makes the land so soure, it bears sowre and austere

+    plants ... At summer it hunger-banes the sheep: and in winter

+    it rotts them.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 35, ed. Brit.

+

+

+*=Idle=. Full of fun.--S.W.

+

+=It=. Sometimes used in a peculiar way, as 'We'm best be gwain,

+hadn't it?' or, 'We can aal on us ha' a holiday to-day, can't

+it?'--S.W.

+

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill); also

+~Jack-and-his-team-goin'-to-pit~, the constellation's motion seeming

+to be from Deverill towards Radstock collieries, as if it were a

+farmer's team going by night to fetch coal thence.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Jag=. _Add_:--(2) 'Wull, to be shower, they chrysantums is

+beautiful! They be aal in a jag!' i.e. all out in large heads of

+flowers.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jerry-shop=. A 'Tommy-shop,' conducted on the truck system, now

+illegal. Much used about Swindon at the time the railway was being

+made there.--Obsolete.

+

+*=Jiffle=. _Add_:--Mr. F. M. Willis writes us that he once heard this

+word used in connexion with a horse, when a bad rider who was pulling

+its head about was told not to jiffle it.

+

+=Job=, or =Jobble about=. To do little jobs. 'I cain't do moor'n

+jobble about now.'--N.W.

+

+*=July-flower grass=. See *~Gillyflower-grass~.

+

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Lady-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. _Add_:--*(3) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Linnard=. A linnet, as 'a brown linnard,' 'a green linnard.'

+Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, where, however, it is obsolete,

+the pronunciation there now being distinctly _Linnut_. Conversely,

+_orchard_ becomes _archet_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Long-winded=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Add_:--The purple spadices are the 'Lords,' and

+the yellow or very light-coloured ones the 'Ladies.'

+

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Add_:--At Deverill, thirty years ago, there was a

+nursery rhyme as follows:--

+

+    'Hushaby, baby, the beggar shan't have 'ee,

+      No more shall the maggotty-pie;

+    The rooks nor the ravens shan't carr' thee to heaven,

+      So hushaby, baby, by-by.'

+

+=Mandrake=. _Bryonia dioica_, L., White Bryony. The root is popularly

+supposed to be Mandrake.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Heddington.)

+

+=Mask=. To collect acorns. A variant of _mast_.--N.W. (Potterne.)

+

+=Melt=. The spleen of a pig, which forms a favourite dish when

+stuffed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Milkmaid's-Way=. The Milky Way.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Mimp=. To make believe, to sham. 'Look at she a-settin' up ther,

+mimpin'!' idling, playing the fine lady.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Min=. An exclamation, used like '_snaw_, as 'I'll ketch thee,

+min!'=Note that well. See Barnes, _Glossary to Poems_.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Monkey Must=. _Melampyrum arvense_, L., Cow-wheat.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Mump=. To sulk. 'How ter'ble mumping she do look!'--N.W.

+

+=Nammet-bag=. A luncheon-bag.--S.W.

+

+=Neck-headland=. _Add_:--Common at Deverill.--S.W.

+

+=Noddy=. Weakly, ailing.--N.W.

+

+=Nog=. _Add_:--Also used of a lump of cheese, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Nuncheon=. _Add_:--About Salisbury Nuncheon is between 10 and 10.30

+a.m., and again at 4 p.m., and is a very small meal, merely a piece

+of bread and glass of beer, while Nammet is at 12, and is equivalent

+to dinner.

+

+

+=Off=. 'A can't be off puttin' up a covey o' pa'tridges, if so be as

+a goes whoam athert Four-Acre,' i.e. he cannot possibly help doing

+it.--N.W.

+

+=Out=. _n._ The outcome or result of an attempt to do a thing. 'A

+offered vor to do some draishin', but a made a ter'ble poor out

+on't,' i.e. he had little to show for his labour.--N.W.

+

+

+=Parson's nose=. A goose's tail, when served up at table.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Peter Grievous=. _Add_:--Children who look as if they thought

+themselves sadly 'put upon' by their elders are said to be

+'Peter-grievous.'

+

+=Pigs=. (2) _Add_:--In Berks woodlice are called _Church-pigs_.

+

+*=Pimple=, =Pumple=. The head. Used by children.--S.W. (Deverill).

+

+*=Pisty-poll=. A child riding with his legs on your shoulders is said

+to be carried 'a pisty-poll.'--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Ploughing terms=. The first furrows ploughed are those 'veered

+out' to mark the 'lands.' On each side of this 'veering out' furrow

+a fresh furrow is ploughed, turning the earth into it. This is

+'topping up,' or 'shutting the top up,' and becomes the centre and

+highest point of the 'land.' When the 'lands' have been all but

+ploughed, there remains between them a strip, two furrows wide,

+still unploughed. This is 'the Ent,' and is halved by the plough,

+one half being turned up one way, and the other half the other way.

+There remains then a furrow just twice the ordinary width. The plough

+is taken down this, and half of it is turned up again on one side,

+the result being a narrow furrow some inches deeper than any other,

+called the 'Zid-furrer' or Seed-furrow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Plumb=. 'A plumb man,' an upright man, one who always keeps his

+word.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Polly Dishwasher=. _Motacilla_, The Wagtail.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Pot-hangel=. The same as Hanglers, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Prick-timber=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N. & S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Prick-timber ... is common, especially in North Wilts. The

+    butchers doe make skewers of it,--because it doth not taint the

+    meate as other wood will doe: from whence it hath the name of

+    prick-timber.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 56, ed. Brit.

+

+=Purry=. Turnips sometimes get quite 'purry,' i.e. become spongy

+and bad and full of holes. Perhaps a contraction of _purrished_

+(perished).--N.W.

+

+

+*=Quag=. _n._ A shake, a state of trembling. 'He's all of a quag with

+fear.'--S.W.

+

+*=Quean=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quob=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quobble=. _n._ and _v._ After being a long while at the wash-tub

+a woman's hands are apt to get 'all in a quobble,' or 'ter'ble

+quobbled,' that is, shrivelled and drawn and wrinkled up. See

+~Sob~.--N.W.

+

+

+=Ramblers=. Potatoes left by chance in the ground, which come up

+again the next year.--N.W.

+

+*=Rammil-cheese=. Cheese made of raw unskimmed milk.--S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. _Add_:--(2) _v._ To rage, as 'My bad tooth just about ramped

+aal laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+=Ramping=. _Add_:--(2) Of pain, violent, raging. 'I wur in that

+rampin' pain, I didn't know whur to get to.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rook-worm=. A cockchafer grub.--Obsolete.

+

+    'I have heard knowing countreymen affirme that rooke-wormes,

+    which the crows and rookes doe devour at sowing time, doe turn

+    to chafers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 67, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Round market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Warminster is exceeding much frequented for a round

+    corn-market on Saturday.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 114,

+    ed. Brit.

+

+=Ruck=. (1) _n._ A crease in a stocking, &c.--N.W. (2) _v._ To crease

+or wrinkle up. 'My shirt wur aal rucked up under my arms, an' I

+cudden' kip un down nohow.'--N.W. (3) Hence, to rub and gall. 'Thuck

+ther new boot hev a-rucked she's heel ter'ble bad.'--N.W.

+

+*=Ruddock=. _Sylvia rubecula_, Robin Redbreast. In common use at

+Warminster, though unknown a few miles away.--S.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. _Add_:--Used of a tradesman's books, when badly

+kept and hard to balance.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.)

+

+

+=Sankers=, =Shankers=, or =Sinkers=. Stockings without feet.--N.W.

+See _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi. p. 128.

+

+=Sar=. _Add_:--*(3) To earn. See note on Akerman, in Ellis's _English

+Dialects_, p. 29.

+

+=Scrinchet=. A scrap of food, a shred of stuff, &c.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Scroop=. (1) _n._ A saving or miserly person.--N.W. (2) _v._ To save

+up, to screw and scrape.--N.W.

+

+=Seed-furrow=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+=Serve=. See ~Sar~.

+

+=Shacketty=. Ricketty, shaky.--N.W.

+

+*=Shackle=. The straw covering of a hive. A sibilated form of

+_Hackle_, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shail=. To walk crookedly or awkwardly, to shamble along.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L.,

+Spiked Star of Bethlehem.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shankers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Shatter=. To scatter, to sprinkle. 'Shatter th' pepper well auver'n,

+do 'ee!'--N.W.

+

+=Shattering=. A sprinkling. 'Put just a shatterin' on't.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shirpings=. The rough grass and weeds by the river banks, which

+cannot be mown with the scythe, and have to be cut afterwards with a

+sickle.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Short=. Tender. Roast mutton ought to 'eat short.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shreeving=. Picking up windfalls, &c., in an orchard.--S.W.

+

+=Shrimpy=. Shrivelled, poor.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shrovy=. Puny, as 'What a shrovy child!' Cp. _Shrievy_, applied in

+Hants to stuff with some of the threads pulled out.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shucky=. Rough, jolty: used of roads when the surface is frozen and

+rutty.--N.W.

+

+=Shuffle=. To hurry along. 'I wur shufflin' to get whoam avore dree.'

+Cf. ~Shuffet~.--N.W.

+

+=Sinkers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Slink=. Bad diseased meat.

+

+*=Sloot=. To defraud.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. (2) To wear out clothes by careless use of them.

+Compare ~Hock about~.--N.W.

+

+*=Slut's-farthings=. Small hard lumps in badly kneaded bread.

+

+=Snake-stones=. Fossil Ammonites.--N.W., occasionally still used.

+

+    'About two or three miles from the Devises are found in a pitt

+    snake-stones (_Cornua ammonis_) no bigger than a sixpence, of a

+    black colour.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 45, ed. Brit.

+

+    'In this parish [Wootton Bassett] are found delicate

+    snake-stones of a reddish gray.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 204.

+

+=Snug=. Well, in health, comfortable. 'I be main glad to hire as your

+missus be so snug [is doing so well] a'ter her confinement.'--N.W.

+

+=Sob=. To sodden with wet. Cf. ~Sobbled~.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-house=. A joint tenancy?

+

+    'Whereas we ... being inhabitants of the town of Marlborough

+    ... have ... for many years past, fed and depastured our mares

+    and geldings, two to each inhabitant not being certificate

+    men nor split houses, in the said earl's Forest of Savernak,

+    &c.'--1790, Agistment Deed as to Savernake Forest, quoted in

+    Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 421.

+

+=Spray=. To splay a sow, when set aside for fattening.--N.W.

+

+*=Squailings=, =Squailens=. Ungathered apples.--S.W.

+

+=Staid=. _Add_:--Sometimes applied to an old horse or other animal.

+

+*=Stars-and-garters=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W. (Heddington.)

+

+=Starvation cold=. Extremely cold. See ~Starve~.--S.W.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _Add_:--Used at Salisbury by a gas-fitter of the small

+projection turned by the gas-key.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. _Add_:--~Steep~.--S.W., still in use about

+Salisbury.

+

+*=Strikes=. Segments of iron for wheel-binding.--S.W.

+

+=Stubs=. (4) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Studdly=. _Add_:--also ~Stoodly~.

+

+*=Sucker= (_Zucker_). A spout from the roof.--S.W.

+

+=Summer-folds=. Freckles which come in summer time.--N.W.

+

+

+=Tear=. _Add_:--Mr. Powell writes us that at Deverill this is still

+used of breaking crockery, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (3) _Add_:--Acrimonious. _Tort_ in Aubrey.

+

+    'The North Wilts horses, and other stranger horses, when they

+    come to drinke of the water of Chalke-river, they will sniff

+    and snort, it is so cold and tort.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, pp. 23-24, ed. Brit.

+

+    'This riverwater [Chalke stream] is so acrimonious, that

+    strange horses when they are watered here will snuff and snort,

+    and cannot well drinke of it till they have been for some time

+    used to it.'--_Ibid._ p. 28.

+

+=Terrify=. *(3) _Add_:--This is a Gloucestershire use of the word.

+

+*=Thee and Thou=. (1) 'He thee'd and thou'd us,' said of a clergyman

+who was very familiar with his flock.--S.W. (2) _v._ To abuse

+violently, to insult a person by addressing him in the second person

+singular. A man complained of the way in which his neighbours had

+been abusing him, the climax of it all being reached when they began

+to 'thee and thou' him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thetches=. _Add_:--~Thatch~. _Vicia sativa_, L.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+All vetches are known as 'Thetches' or 'Thatches' in Wilts, being

+'Blue,' 'Yellow,' or 'Red' Thetches according to the colour of the

+flower.

+

+=Thread-the-needle=. A very complicated form of this

+children's game is played at Deverill, under the name of

+Dred-th'-wold-'ooman's-needle.--S.W.

+

+*=Thunder-stones=. Nodules of iron pyrites. *~Hunder-stones~, q.v.,

+may be merely a misreading of the MS.

+

+    'Thunder-stones, as the vulgar call them, are a pyrites; their

+    fibres do all tend to the centre. They are found at Broad

+    Chalke frequently.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 40, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Tine=. _Add_:--(6) To collect and burn couch and weeds in the

+fields.--N.W.

+

+    'What 'ould thy husband do ... if thee was too vine to turn

+    hay, or go tinin' or leazin'?'--_Dark_, ch. XV.

+

+*=Tippertant=. A young upstart.--S.W.

+

+*=Trip=. A brood or flock, as 'A vine trip o' vowels (fowls).' In

+a MS. in the Bodleian a herd of tame swine is defined as a _trip_,

+while one of wild swine is a _sounder_.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Tucky=. Sticky.--S.W.

+

+*=Turning-the-barrel=. A game in which two children stand back to

+back, locking their arms behind them, and lifting each other by turns

+from the ground.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Under-creep=. _v._ To get the upper hand of by deceit, to overreach

+any one.--S.W. (Britford and Harnham.)

+

+*=Underground Shepherd=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Unhealed=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Vitty=. Close, closely. Cp. _fitly_, Eph. iv. 16.--N.W.

+

+

+*=Warning-stone=. _Add_:--

+

+    'The bakers take a certain pebble, which they put in the

+    vaulture of their oven, which they call the warning-stone: for

+    when that is white the oven is hot.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, p. 43, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Water-sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler. Cp.

+~Brook-sparrow~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Whinnock=. To whimper.--N.W.

+

+=Whinnocky=. A whinnocky child is one that is always ailing and

+whimpering.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=White-livered=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Winter-stuff=. Winter-greens.--N.W.

+

+*=Witch-hazel=. _Ulmus montana_, Sm.

+

+    'In Yorkshire is plenty of trees, which they call elmes; but

+    they are wich-hazells, as we call them in Wilts.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 54, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wrastle=. _Add_:--Measles, for instance, 'wrastles' all over the

+face very quickly.

+

+

+*=Zwail=. To shake about: to swing the arms.--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+

+

+

+SPECIMENS OF DIALECT

+

+We have thought it advisable to supplement the brief examples

+of folk-talk which will be found in the body of this work by a

+few somewhat longer specimens, which may be taken as accurately

+representing the speech current at the present time among the

+villages in North Wilts. Mr. Slow has kindly added a similar specimen

+for South Wilts. The extracts from Akerman exemplify the North Wilts

+speech of some fifty or sixty years ago.

+

+

+EXTRACTS FROM THE GENUINE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE[1].

+

+By J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+(From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 165-179.)

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+I.

+

+There be two zarts o' piple in this here world ov ourn: they as works

+ael day lang and ael the year round, and they as dwon't work at ael.

+The difference is jist a graat a-year, and they as dwon't work at ael

+gets the graat--that's zartin!

+

+II.

+

+It's oondervul to me how thengs _do_ move about whenever a body's got

+a drap o' zummut in's yead. Last harrest, a'ter zupper, at th' house

+yander, I walked whoam by myzelf, and zeed the moon and the zeven

+stars dancin' away like vengeance. Then they girt elmen trees in the

+close was a dancin' away like Bill Iles and his mates at a morris.

+'My zarvice to 'e,' zays I; 'I haups you won't tread on my twoes;'

+zo I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough th'

+geat. Well, when I got whoam, I managed to vind the kay-hole o' th'

+doower--but 'twas a lang time afore I could get un to bide still

+enough,--and got up stayers. Massy upon us! the leetle table (I zeed

+un very plain by the light o' th' moon) was runnin' round th' room

+like mad, and there was th' two owld chayers runnin' a'ter he, and by

+and by, round comes the bed a'ter they two. 'Ha! ha!' zays I, 'that's

+very vine; but how be I to lay down while you cuts zich capers?'

+Well, the bed comed round dree times, and the vowerth time I drowd

+myzelf flump atop ov un; but in th' marnin' I vound myzelf laying on

+the vloor, wi' ael me duds on! I never _could_ make out this.

+

+III.

+

+I've allus bin as vlush o' money as a twoad is o' veathers; but,

+if ever I gets rich, I'll put it ael in Ziszeter bank, and not do

+as owld Smith, the miller, did, comin' whoam vrom market one nite.

+Martal avraid o' thieves a was, zo a puts his pound-bills and ael th'

+money a'd a got about un, in a hole in the wall, and the next marnin'

+a' couldn't remember whereabouts 'twas, and had to pull purty nigh a

+mile o' wall down before a' could vind it. Stoopid owld wosbird!

+

+IV.

+

+Owld Jan Wilkins used to zay he allus cut's stakes when a went a

+hedgin', too lang; bekaze a' cou'd easily cut 'em sharter if a

+wanted, but a' cou'dn't make um langer if 'em was cut too shart. Zo

+zays I; zo I allus axes vor more than I wants. Iv I gets that, well

+and good; but if I axes vor little, and gets less, it's martal akkerd

+to ax a zecond time, d'ye kneow!

+

+V.

+

+Maester Tharne used to zay as how more vlies was cot wi' zugar or

+honey than wi' vinegar, and that even a body's enemies med be

+gammoned wi' vine words. Jim Pinniger zeemed to thenk zo too, when

+a run agin the jackass one dark night. Jem tuk th' beawst vor th'

+devil, and cot un by th' ear. '_Zaat's yer harn, zur_' (Soft's your

+horn, sir), zays Jem.

+

+VI.

+

+Old Iles was drunk vor dree days together last Lammas, and a laid

+down by the doower, and wanted zomebody to hauld un. When they axed

+if a'd ha' a leetle drap mwore, a'd zeng out, 'Noa, noa, I won't

+ha' a drap.'--'Do'e,' zaid they,--'do'e ha' a drap mwore.'--'Noa, I

+won't, not a drap,' a grunted. At last another tried un, and then th'

+owld bwoy cried out, 'Noa, I can't get a drap mwore down m';--drow't

+auver m'veace!'

+

+VII.

+

+Measter Goddin used to zay as how childern costed a sight o' money to

+breng um up, but 'twas all very well whilst um was leetle, and zucked

+th' mother, but when um begun to zuck the vather, 'twas nation akkerd.

+

+VIII.

+

+Measter Cuss, and his zun Etherd, went to Lonnun a leetle time zence;

+and when um got to their journey's ind, Measter Cuss missed a girt

+passel a carr'd wi' un to th' cwoach. 'Lor', vather!' zays Etherd, 'I

+zeed un drap out at 'Vize!' (Devizes.)

+

+IX.

+

+When I was a young man I had a dog, a precious 'cute un a was

+too! A'd catch a hare like a grayhound. I've cot a scare o'

+rabbuts wi' him in one night. By and by zomebody zays to the

+kippur, thuck William's got a dog as plays th' devil wi' ael th'

+game. Zo th' kippur comes up to m' one day, and zays, zays he,

+'Maester Little, thuck dog o' yourn's a bad un; a gwos huntin', I'm

+towld.' 'Lar bless'e!' zays I, 'a wou'dn't harm a mouse, that a

+wou'dn't.'--'Dwon't b'lieve it!' zays he. 'Come along wi' I by thuck

+copse yonder.'--Zo as us walked alang, up jumps a hare and away a

+scampers. 'Hollo! hollo!' zays I to the dog, but a slunk behind

+m' _di_rectly wi's tail between's legs. 'Ha!' zays th' kippur, 'I

+b'lieves 'e now, Little. Them as zays your dog hunts be liars, that's

+zartin. I'll be cussed if I dwon't thenk a's vrightened o' th' game,

+that I do!' and zo a walked away, and wished m' good marnin'.--'Zo,

+ho!' thought I; 'you be 'nation 'cute, you be, Maester Kippur. If

+instead o' "_hollo_!" I'd a cried "_coom hedder_!" a'd a run a'ter

+thuck hare like mad!'

+

+[_Note._--The point of this story is that the poacher's dog had been

+trained to understand the usual orders in _exactly the opposite

+sense_, as the Devonshire smugglers' horses were in old days.

+Thus, the more a smuggler called on his horse to stop, when he was

+challenged by an Excise officer, the faster it would gallop off, the

+owner all the while apparently endeavouring to check it but really

+urging it on. See Mrs. Bray's _Description of Devon_.]

+

+X.

+

+'How far d'e cal't to Zirencester, my friend?' zays a Cockney

+genelman one day to owld Pople, as a wor breakin' stwones on th'

+road. 'Dwont kneow zich a please,' zays he, scrattin's yead, 'never

+yeard on't avore!'--'What!' zays the genelman, 'never heard o'

+Zirencester?'--'Noa,' zays he, 'I aint.'--'Why, it's the next town.'

+'Haw! haw!' zays Pople; 'you means _Ziszeter_; why didn't'e zay so?

+it's about vower mile off.'--He was a rum owld customer, thuck owld

+Pople. One day zomebody axed un how var't was to Ziszeter. 'Ho! dree

+miles this weather.' (It was nation dirty and slippy.) 'Why so?' zaid

+the man to'n; 'Ho, it's about two miles in vine weather; but when

+it's hocksey, like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[1] William Little was a shepherd in North Wilts, and was an old man

+when Akerman was a boy.

+

+

+THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    A Harnet zet in a hollow tree,--

+    A proper spiteful twoad was he,--

+    And a merrily zung while a did zet

+    His stinge as zharp as a baganet,

+    'Oh, who's zo bowld and vierce as I?--

+    I vears not bee, nor wapse, nor vly!'

+        _Chorus_--Oh, who's zo bowld, etc.

+

+    A Bittle up thuck tree did clim',

+    And scarnvully did luk at him.

+    Zays he, 'Zur Harnet, who giv' thee

+    A right to zet in thuck there tree?

+    Although you zengs so nation vine,

+    I tell'e it's a house o' mine.'

+        _Chorus_--Although you zengs, etc.

+

+    The Harnet's conscience velt a twinge,

+    But growin' bould wi' his long stinge,

+    Zays he, 'Possession's the best law,

+    Zo here th' shasn't put a claw.

+    Be off, and leave the tree to me:

+    The Mixen's good enough vor thee!'

+        _Chorus_--Be off, and leave, etc.

+

+    Just then a Yuccle passin' by

+    Was axed by them their cause to try.

+    'Ha! ha! it's very plain,' zays he,

+    'They'll make a vamous nunch for me!'

+    His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.

+        _Chorus_--His bill was zharp, etc.

+

+    MORAL.

+

+    All you as be to law inclined,

+    This leetle story bear in mind;

+    For if to law you ever gwo,

+    You'll vind they'll allus zarve'e zo;

+    You'll meet the vate o' these 'ere two:

+    They'll take your cwoat and carcass too!

+        _Chorus_--You'll meet the vate, etc.

+

+                          From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 96-97.

+

+[A phonetic version of this song, representing the Chippenham

+dialect, will be found at pp. 28, 29 of Ellis's _English

+Dialects--their Sounds and Homes_, where it is pointed out that

+_stinge_ (with _g_ soft) appears to have been invented by Akerman for

+the sake of the rhyme here.]

+

+

+_From_ THE VARGESES.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+'Now, do'e plaze to walk in a bit, zur, and rest'e, and dwont'e mind

+my measter up agin th' chimley carner. Poor zowl an hin, he've a bin

+despert ill ever zence t'other night, when a wur tuk ter'ble bad

+wi' th' rheumatiz in's legs and stummick. He've a bin and tuk dree

+bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll be whipped if a do simbly a bit

+th' better var't. Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+caddle, ael alang o' they childern. They've a bin a leasin, and when

+um coomed whoame, they ael tuk and drowed the carn ael among th' vire

+stuff, and zo here we be, ael in a muggle like. And you be lookin'

+middlinish, zur, and ael as if'e was shrammed. I'll take and bleow up

+th' vire a mossel; but what be them bellises at? here they be slat

+a-two! and here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've

+a-got narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts thisum!'--_Wiltshire Tales_,

+pp. 137-8.

+

+

+THOMAS'S WIVES.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Lawk aw! if 'tean't Thomas! and how be you? I han't seen 'ee fur a

+lenth o' time.--An' they tells I as you've a got a new missis agean!

+That's the vowerth, yun it?'

+

+'Ees, I 'spose te-uz. Thur, didden sim right 'snaw wi'out a 'ooman

+down thur, 'tes sich a girt gabborn place thuck wold house. Do zim

+zart o' unkid to bide thur by yerself. 'Tes so lonesome, perticler

+night-times. Thur yun't narra naighber aniest 'ee, an' if a body wur

+ill ur anythin' o' that, 'tud be just about a job 'snaw.'

+

+'An' do the new missis shoot 'ee main well?'

+

+'Aw thur, I ban't got nothen to zaay agen th' 'ooman. Th' 'ooman's

+wull enough as fur as I knaaws on. Her's a decent staid body 'snaw.

+'Tean't likely as I wur a gwain to hae no hans wi' none o' they

+giglettin' wenchen--they got so many 'oonderments to 'em when they be

+so young.'

+

+'An' 'cordin' as I da hire tell on't her've a got a bit o' money

+saved, haven' her?'

+

+'O' course her got summat 'snaw, but Lor' bless 'ee! tean't nothen

+near as much as vawk says for.'

+

+'Wull, 'tean't no odds to I, but they was a zaayin' up at public as

+aal your wives had zummut when they come to you; an' they did zaay as

+you must ha' made a main good thing out on't wi' one an' tother on

+em!'

+

+'What good is it to hearken to they? I tell 'ee what 'tes--What wi'

+bringin' on 'em in an' carr'n on 'em out, 'tean't but _vurry_ leetle

+profit to't!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES.

+

+[North Wilts: Devizes.]

+

+_Counsel._ What do you know about this case?

+

+_Witness._ What do 'ee zaay? I be zo hard o' hirin', I caan't hire

+nothen, wi'out I comes handier to 'ee.

+

+_Counsel._ What did you see the prisoner do?

+

+_Witness._ Aw! I tell'd 'ee avore as I zeed it aal. I wurden no

+furder awaay vrom un then I be vrom thuck owld gent thur [the Judge].

+Bill Stevens he come out an' a zaays, zaays he, 'I'll breäk thee

+mazzard vor the'!' an' a offer'd to hit un wi' a graft as he wur a

+carr'n. An' Jim he up wi' he's showl an' hut un auver th' yead wi't.

+An' if _he_ hadden a hut he, he'd a hut _he_, an' if he'd a hut _he_

+as _he_ hut he, he'd a killed _he_, 'sted o' _he_ killin' he! That's

+aal as I knaws on't!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY.

+

+[North Wilts: Hilmarton.]

+

+Etherd he bin sart o' rough fur this long time, wuver he never bin

+not to say well since he wur bad wi' the influenzy las' year. A

+ketched a cowld the day as thuck rain wur. A wur up at hill wi' the

+ship out in the bleat, an' a cudden get into the succour nowur, and

+vor aal as he wur droo wet he wur foc'd to bide in't aal day. An'

+when a cum whoam at night a says to I, 'Mary,' a says, 'I feels

+_ter'ble_ middlin'. I got a mind to ha' a bit o' zupper an gwo to

+bed.' Wull, I got un out the berd an' cheese out o' the panterny,

+but do you thenk as he cud yeat or a mossel on't? not if anybody

+had a gied he the _wurld_, a cudden't, a said. An' a simmed zart

+o' shrammed wi' the cowld, an' a did kip on a coughin a'ter he got

+into bed, and simmin to I a never stopped till the clock hut dree,

+and then that rampin pain cum on at such a rate in hes zide, as he

+didden knaw wur to get to, nur what to do. An' that follered on aal

+day, and I cudden get un to take next akin to nothin', and allus a

+wantin summut to drenk. That wur aal he's cry. Thur I made _shower_

+as he'd a died avore the doctor come. Bill he went in to fetch un,

+but a never come till Vriday aaternoon, and a said as he'd a got the

+pewresy and he'd send un along a bottle o' medecine, but Etherd he

+wudden take it 'snaw, fur a said twern't nuthen in _this wurl_' but a

+drop o' water wi' some peppermint in't or summat o' that. An' Sally

+Moore her come in wi' some hoss-fat as come out o' thuck owld hoss

+o' Mas' John's as vull in the pit, an' her 'suaded I to rub some o'

+that into un, an' that sim to do he more good bless 'ee thun aal the

+doctor's medecine. Wuver the doctor he come agean isterday marnin',

+and a axed un how a wur. An' a spawk up bless 'ee and telled un

+straight as twern't nor a mozzel o' good fur he to zend no more o'

+thuck stuff as he zent avore, fur a zaid as twern't wuth a louse's

+liver! The doctor he didden like ut vurry well, but a telled I as

+he'd channge it, an' zo a did. A let the bwoy ride back along wi' un,

+an' a brought back this yer bottle wi' summat wrote on't. But thur

+I bean't no scholard, and the bwoy he cudden rade it, but a zaid as

+the doctor tell'd he as a wurden to take but one spoonvull on't once

+in vower hours. Zo I gied un a dawse, but he 'suaded I to gie un two

+spoonvulls, and I'll warn as a hadden a took ut _vive_ minutes avore

+twer _aal awver'n--back, bully, an' zides_! Now that's what I caals

+zome o' the right zart that, and I got faith as that'll do he good!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+GWOIN' RAYTHER TOO FUR WI' A VEYTHER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+My veyther now, he never 'oudden yeat none o' this here Hostilian

+meät nor nuthen o' that. I axed un one day why a 'oudden, and a zes,

+'Do meak I shrill, the vurry _sight_ on't do--they tells I as't do

+come vrom wur the War is, an' 'tes made o' souldiers a pretty deal

+on't. Wuver nobody shan't 'suade I to hae none on't.' And he 'oudden,

+bless 'ee! not if you was to gie un _ever_ so!

+

+Wull, my brother Jim, he kneowed this o' course, an' he do most in

+general ax veyther an' mother an' aal on us to come to zupper wi'

+he about Christmas time--he wur allus vurry good for anything o'

+that--an' laas' year aal on us had a zot down to zupper, an' ther wur

+a girt pie at Jim's end, an' Sarah her had a piece o' biled bif--ur

+wur 'twer mutton I caan't rightly mind--wuver dwon't meak no odds as

+I kneows on which twer--an' Jim he zes to veyther, 'Veyther, which

+be a gwain to hae, some o' this here pie ur some o' thick biled bif

+as Sally got down tother end?' An' veyther zes, 'What's the pie made

+on then?' An' Jim he zes, ''Tes mutton, yunnit, Sally?' 'Aw,' zes

+veyther, 'I wur allus _ter'ble_ vond o' mutton pie, an' our Mary her

+never 'oon't gie I none on't at whoam.'

+

+Zo veyther he had a plate vull on't, an' a begun a gettin' this yer

+pie into un at a _terrible_ rate, an' when a done, Jim zes, 'What

+be gwain at now, veyther? Wull 'ee channge yer mind an' hae some o'

+tother?' 'No,' zes veyther, 'I'll hae some more o' thuck pie. I caals

+it oncommon good. I dwont knaw when I've a teasted anythen as I likes

+better'n thuck pie.' An' a did jist about enjoy hesself, bless 'ee,

+awver's zupper.

+

+An' when a done, Jim zes, 'Veyther,' a zes, 'Do 'ee kneow what thuck

+pie wur made on?' 'Noa,' zes veyther, 'I dwont, any more'n you zed as

+'twer meäd o' mutton, didden 'ee? Let it be whatever 'twill, 'twer

+uncommon good.'

+

+An' Jim he looks at un zart o' comical, an' a zes, 'Veyther, 'twer

+meäd o' some o' thuck Hostilian meat as you zed as nobody shudden

+'suade 'ee to yeat none on!'

+

+An' zimmin to I veyther's feace turned zart o' aal colours, and a

+zes, 'Lawk a massey! dwon 'ee tell I that, ur I shall drow't aal up

+agean!' An' none on us dursen zaay no more to un, a look'd so guly,

+we was aveard as he 'ood.

+

+But aater 'bout a haaf an hour Jim he zes, 'Veyther, an' how d'ee

+feel now?' An' veyther zes, 'Aw, 'tes better now,' but a zes, 'I

+thenk,' a zes, 'as this here is a gwoin' rayther too fur wi' a

+veyther!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Tes allus a caddlin' zart of a job takin' they fat beasties to

+Swinnun Market, but dall'd if ever I had such a doin' wi'em afore as

+'twer isterday. 'Twer thuck thur white-veaced un as Measter bought

+off a ole Collins laas' yer as done it. I'd a nauticed as he wur a

+pankin' tur'ble as we was a gwain up the hill, an' as zoon as iver he

+got vorright the Red Lion he 'oudden go no furder,--an' thur a wur

+led down in the middle o' the strit. Thur yun't nothen as I likes

+wusser'n that, bless 'ee! Thur be such a sight o' 'oondermentin'

+chaps a gaapsin' about thur allus, a body caan't bide quiet nohow fur

+their maggots. And then if 'ee ses arra word to 'em they puts 'ee

+in the _Noos_, an' that's wussern' aal on't! Thuck girt gaapus Bill

+Wilkins come up, an' a begun a laafin' at I, an' a axed wur I'd a

+slep on the rwoad laas' night.--Dall'd if I hadden a mine to ha' gien

+he what-for thur-right, if't hadden a bin fur the narration as they'd

+a made on't. A wur allus a terrible voolhardy zart of a chap, an' I

+niver coudden away wi' a lot o' that 'oondermentin'. Simmin to I I'd

+zooner walk ten mile roun' than hae to stan up in 'Ootton strit like

+a vool wi' they chaps a terrifyin' on 'ee.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS.

+

+[South Wilts: Wilton.]

+

+Wen Zal Slatter coorteed Jim Bleak he wur under carter, an' she wur

+maid a ael wuk up at Hill Varm. Zoo thay 'greed ta putt up tha banns

+unbeknown to their measter an' missus. Wen Varmer comed out a chirch

+thic Zundy a gooes straight inta kitchen wur Zal wur cookin' a girt

+laig a mutten var dinner, an a zaays, 'Zal,' a zaays, 'Wur that thee

+an' Jim I yeard caal'd whoam bit now?' 'I 'specs 'twur, measter,'

+zaays Zal. 'Why, wat in tha wordle diss thee want ta get married var?

+Hassen a got a good whoam, a good bade ta sleep on? an' a good laig a

+mutten ta zet down to wen bist 'ungry?' 'O eece, measter,' zaays Zal,

+'I knaas ael that, bit did 'ee ever know a wench as hooden gie up a

+laig o' mutten var a whole man?'

+

+                                                    E. SLOW.

+

+

+THE CANNINGS VAWK.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+I niver wur at Cannin's but once as I knaws on, an' that wur when

+Mr. Jones wur alive. I went awver wi' he to Cannin's Veast. I mind

+thur wur a lot on 'em thur from Ca'an [Calne] as wur a tellin' up

+zuch tales as was never about the Cannin's vawk. The' tell'd I as

+zome on 'em got up the Church tower, and dunged that thur--what is

+it?--a-top o' the tower, to make un grow as big as the spire. I never

+he-ard tell o' zuch a thing! Should 'ee iver thenk as 'twer true?

+An' the' tell'd I as 'twern't but a vurry veow years ago as zome on

+'em hired as ther wur a comut ur what 'ee caals ut, to be zeed in

+'Vize market-place, an' pretty nigh aal Cannin's went in thur to zee

+un, an' niver thought o' lookin' to zee wur they cudden zee un at

+whoam. What some girt stups they must a bin! An' thur wur a cooper ur

+zummat o' that, as cudden putt th' yead into a barr'l; an' a tell'd

+he's bwoy to get inside and howld un up till he'd a vastened un.

+An' when a done the bwoy hollered out droo the bung hawl, 'How be

+I to get out, veyther?'--That bit tickled I, bless 'ee! moor'n aal

+on't! Arterwards one on 'em axed I if thur wurden a Cannin's girl in

+sarvice at our place; an' I zes 'I b'lieve as 'tes.' An' a zes, 'Do

+'ee iver zaa _Baa_! to she?' An' I zes 'Noa, vur why should I zaay

+_Baa_! to she?' An' a zes 'You should allus zaay _Baa_! to a body as

+comes vrom Cannin's.' 'Wull,' I zes, 'I shudden like to zaay _Baa_!

+to any body wi'out I know'd the rason on't.' An' then a tell'd I as

+the' had a tiddlin' lamb as wur ter'ble dickey, an' the' putt un

+into th' o-ven, to kip un warm' an' shut un in an' forgot aal about

+un, an lef' un in thur. An' when the' awpened the o-ven agean a wur

+rawsted droo!--Wull, I come whoam, an' niver thought nothen more

+on't fur a lenth o' time, till one daay as I wur a workin' in the

+garden, measter an' missus wur out, an' the girls come out an' begun

+a 'oondermentin' an' terrifyin' I. An' aal at once this yer shot

+into my mind, an' I looks up at the cook an' I zes, '_Baa_!' But her

+didden take no nautice, an' a went on chatterin'. An' I zes '_Baa_!'

+agean. An' that put her pot on, bless 'ee! at a terrible rate, an'

+she zes to I, 'Who be _you_'--she zes,--'to zaay _Baa_! to I?' An'

+wi' that they boath on 'em went auf in-a-doors, an' they niver come a

+meddlin' wi' I agean fur a long whiles.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+Thur's our Bill, 'snaw--I had a main job to get he to gwoa. He bin

+a walkin' wi' thuck ginger-headed wench o' Smith's--a wur terrible

+took up wi' she a bit back, an' her bin a 'suading he to putt up the

+banns. A never zed nothen to I about ut, nit I never zed nothen to

+he not afore laas' Vriday wick, an' then there wur a word or two,

+and I zes to un, 'What's thee want wi' a wife? Thee's got no more

+'casion wi' a wife than a twoad has wi' a zide-pawket'--I zes--'an'

+ef thee'se be a-gwain to hae she thee can plase theeself, but thee

+shasn't never hannel narra penny piece o' mine ef thee does! An'

+ther's Shusan's brother-law up a Lunnon, as hev a axed the' _times_

+to gwo up, an' he'd vine the' a pleace wur the' meds't do well.--Why

+dwon't 'ee teak an' gwo, 'stid o' loppettin' about at whoam wi' a

+wench as yun't narra mossel o' good fur cheese-makin' nur nothen else

+'cept 'tes to look vine in thuck new hat o' shis'n?'--Them was my

+words to un, an' he wur zart o' dubous wur a'd gwo ur wur a 'oodden:

+but I sticks it into un as Lunnon wer far afore any wife, let ut be

+who 'twill. An' zo a zed a 'oodden bide yer no longer, fur ef a did

+her'd never let un gwo. An' a started awf thur-right, an' I han't a

+hired from un wur a likes it or wur a dwon't.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    Our Jess wur cwoortin' Polly:

+      Her gwoed an' kitched th' plague.

+    'Zo cwoortin's wusser'n volly,'

+      Zes Jess, 'an' I'll renage!'

+

+    Zes Polly, 'Dang thee buttons!

+      Thee gwo an' blaw thee's nause!

+    Zo zhure as zhip be muttons,

+      Th' dain be in thee's claus!'

+

+    Martal aveard wur Jesse,

+      An' tuk an' hiked it whoam.

+    'Bin in my claus 'tes,' zes 'e,

+      'I'll make a bonvire aw'm!'

+

+    Zo off a zoon tuk aal claus,

+      Vrom sankers up ta zmock,

+    Vur weskit, cwoat an' smaal-claus,

+      An' putt 'em in a cock.

+

+    Jess wur a vool, but Lawksies!

+      Thur's zights aw'm wusser'n _he_!

+    It minds I o' Guy Vawks's,

+      Thuck vire o' he's to zee!

+

+    'Twur down in veyther's archet,

+      A gashly smother 'twur,

+    Vor when you comes to scarch it,

+      Thur be a zim to vur!

+

+    But 'twern't no zart o' use on't,

+      A zoon beginned to sneeze--

+    An' when I hires moor news on't,

+      I'll tell 'ee how a be's!

+

+                                                    G. E. D.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX I

+

+A Bibliography of Works relating to Wilts or illustrating its Dialect.

+

+

+Most of the works comprised in the following list have lately been

+read through, and compared with our own _Glossary_, and references

+to many of them will be found in the foregoing pages. Some may

+contain a more or less comprehensive Wiltshire Glossary; others

+only a few words. Some belong absolutely to our own county; others

+merely to the same group of dialects. But all are of value as

+bearing on the subject. The Berks, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, and

+Somerset Glossaries of course contain a large proportion of words

+and uses that are either absolutely identical with ours, or vary but

+slightly therefrom, while such works as _Amaryllis, Dark, Lettice

+Lisle_, and _Jonathan Merle_ on the one side, and _Old Country Words_

+and _English Plant-names_ on the other, are full of examples and

+illustrations of the South-Western Folk-speech. Even where their

+scene is laid somewhat outside the borders of Wilts itself, the

+dialect, with but trifling alterations, would pass as ours.

+

+_S. Editha, sive Chronicon Vilodunense_, im Wiltshire Dialekt,

+aus MS. Cotton. Faustina B III. Herausgegeben von C. HORSTMANN.

+Heilbronn: Gebr. Henninger, 1883. A handy reprint of this fifteenth

+century _Chronicle_.

+

+_Parochial Antiquities_ attempted in the History of Ambroseden,

+Burcester, and adjacent parts in Oxford and Bucks. By Bishop KENNETT,

+1695. Reprinted 1816 and 1818. Contains a few Wilts words. See _Five

+Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Lansdowne MSS._, 935-1042, British Museum. By Bishop KENNETT. Also

+contain some Wilts words.

+

+_The Natural History of Wiltshire._ By JOHN AUBREY. (1656-91). Edited

+by JOHN BRITTON. London, 1847.

+

+_Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey._ (1659-70).

+Edited by Rev. JOHN EDWARD JACKSON. London and Devizes, 1862.

+

+_Other works and MSS. by John Aubrey._

+

+_Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in North Wilts._ An

+eighteenth century MS. Vocabulary, fully dealt with in Appendix II as

+_Cunnington MS._

+

+_A Provincial Glossary._ By FRANCIS GROSE. Second edition, 1790. Out

+of the twenty-eight words which Britton marks as given in Grose, only

+the following are credited to Wilts in this edition:--_Allemang,

+Carriage, Contankerous, Dewsiers, Drowning-bridge, Dudge, Grom_

+or _Groom, Huff, Leer, Lowle-eared, Quirking, Rudderish_, and

+_Wasset-man_. The remainder (_Aneust, Axen, Beet, Bochant, Daddock,

+More, Quamp, Quarr, Quilt, Quop, Skiel, Sleepy, Tail-ends, Tallet_,

+and _Tid_) are not there assigned to Wilts; but as Britton may very

+possibly have found them so localized in the revised 1811 edition,

+which we have not had an opportunity of consulting, we add (G.) to

+the whole of them, on his authority.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wilts, with

+observations on the means of its improvement._ By THOMAS DAVIS

+of Longleat, Steward to the Marquess of Bath. London, 1794. An

+Agricultural Report or Survey, afterwards much enlarged. The author

+died in 1807.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of Wiltshire._ Drawn up for the

+consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement.

+By THOMAS DAVIS. London, 1809. New editions, 1811 and 1813. An

+enlarged and revised reprint of the _Agricultural Report_, edited by

+the Author's son. Contains an interesting Glossary of Agricultural

+Terms, arranged under subjects, as _Soils_, _Barn Process_,

+_Implements_, &c., at pp. 258-268; also a few additional words in

+the body of the work.

+

+_Archæological Review_, March, 1888, vol. i, No. 1, pp. 33-39.

+Contains a reprint of Davis's _Glossary_, with notes by Professor

+Skeat, rearranged alphabetically, a few words and phrases being

+omitted as general or legal.

+

+_Some Specimens of the Provincial Dialect of South Wiltshire._ By

+'MARK.' _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii, p. 114. Noted

+in the Preface to _Five Reprinted Glossaries_. See Appendix III.

+

+_A Topographical and Historical Description of the County of Wilts._

+By JOHN BRITTON. London, N.D. [1814?]. Vol. xv of '_The Beauties of

+England_.'

+

+_The Beauties of Wiltshire_, displayed in Statistical, Historical,

+and Descriptive Sketches, &c. By JOHN BRITTON. 3 vols. London,

+1801-1825. Vol. iii contains a list of _Provincial Words of Wiltshire

+and the adjacent Counties_, pp. 369-380. See Appendix II.

+

+_Five Reprinted Glossaries._ Edited by Professor SKEAT. Eng. Dialect

+Socy., 1879. Contains (_a_) _Wiltshire Words, from 'Britton's

+Beauties of Wiltshire,'_ 1825; _compared with 'Akerman's Glossary,'_

+1842, a few words being added from the _Monthly Magazine_, &c. (_b_)

+_Dialectal Words, from 'Kennett's Parochial Antiquities_, 1695.'

+

+_A Glossary of Provincial Words and Phrases in use in Wiltshire._ By

+JOHN YONGE AKERMAN. London, 1842. An unacknowledged enlargement of

+Britton's _Word-list_. See _Five Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Wiltshire Tales._ By J. Y. AKERMAN. London, 1853.

+

+_Spring-tide: or the Angler and his Friends._ BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+London, 1850. Contains many Wiltshire and West of England words.

+

+_A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words._ By J. O. HALLIWELL.

+London, 1846, &c.

+

+_Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English._ By THOMAS WRIGHT.

+London, 1857, &c.

+

+_The Song of Solomon in the Wiltshire Dialect_, as it is spoken in

+the Northern Division. By EDWARD KITE. Circa 1860. Privately printed

+for Prince L. Lucien Bonaparte.

+

+_Content: or the Day Labourer's Tale of his Life._ By Mrs.

+PENRUDDOCKE, Fyfield Manor House, Wilts. Salisbury, 1860.

+

+_Peasant Life in the West of England._ By F. G. HEATH. 1872-80.

+

+_Fabellae Mostellariae: or Devonshire and Wiltshire Stories in

+Verse._ London and Exeter, 1878.

+

+_Rhymes of the Wiltshire Peasantry, and other Trifles._ By EDWARD

+SLOW. Salisbury, 1874.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes: a Series of Poems in the Wiltshire Dialect._ By

+EDWARD SLOW. London and Salisbury, 1881. Also Third edition, 1885.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes._ Fourth Series. By EDWARD SLOW. Salisbury and

+Wilton, 1889. Contains a _Glossary_ of about 200 words, pp. 9-14.

+

+_Glossary of Wiltshire Words._ Compiled by EDWARD SLOW. Wilton, 1892.

+Contains about 900 words, of which a few are of special interest.

+

+_Works of Richard Jefferies_:--

+

+_A Memoir of the Goddards of North Wilts, 1873. The Gamekeeper

+at Home, 1878. Wild Life in a Southern County. 1879. The Amateur

+Poacher, 1879. Greene Ferne Farm, 1880. Hodge and his Masters, 1880.

+Round about a Great Estate, 1880. Wood Magic, 1881. Bevis, 1882. The

+Life of the Fields, 1884. The Dewy Morn, 1884. The Open Air, 1885.

+Amaryllis at the Fair, 1887. Field and Hedgerow, 1889. The Toilers of

+the Field, 1892, &c., &c._

+

+_The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies._ By WALTER BESANT. 1888.

+

+_Some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases._ By Rev. W. C. PLENDERLEATH. _Wilts

+Archæological Magazine_, vol. xxii. p. 107.

+

+_Wiltshire Archæological and Natural History Magazine._ All vols.

+

+_History of the Manor and Ancient Barony of Castle Combe_ in the county

+of Wilts, &c., &c. By G. POULETT SCROPE. Privately printed, 1852.

+

+_Records of Chippenham_, relating to the Borough from its

+Incorporation by Queen Mary to its Reconstruction by Act of

+Parliament, 1889, &c., &c. By FREDERICK H. GOLDNEY. 1889.

+

+_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_, Annual Reports of Flower-classes, by Mr.

+HUSSEY and Mr. TATUM.

+

+_The Flowering Plants of Wilts._ By Rev. T. A. PRESTON. Published by

+Wilts Arch. Society, 1888.

+

+_The Birds of Wiltshire._ By Rev. ALFRED C. SMITH. London and

+Devizes, 1887. Reprinted from _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+

+_Glory: a Wiltshire Story._ By Mrs. G. LINNÆUS BANKS. London,

+1876(?). New edition, 1892. Scene partly laid in and round

+Marlborough.

+

+_On the Upper Thames._ By Miss E. BOYER-BROWN. _Leisure Hour_,

+August, 1893. Contains many words belonging to the Castle Eaton and

+Marston Maizey district.

+

+_A Dictionary of English Plant-names._ By JAMES BRITTEN and ROBERT

+HOLLAND. E. D. S. 1878-86. A very valuable work, containing a small

+number of Wilts names, mostly from sources already referred to. The

+whole of the Plant-names in our _Glossary_ have been sent to Mr.

+Britten from time to time, for use in the _Supplement_ which he is

+now preparing.

+

+_English Dialects--their Sounds and Homes._ By A. J. ELLIS. E. D. S.

+1890. Contains some remarks at pp. 24-29 on Wilts, with specimens

+of dialect from Christian Malford and Chippenham, accompanied by a

+rendering into Glossic.

+

+_A Glossary of Berkshire Words and Phrases._ By Major B. LOWSLEY. E.

+D. S. 1888.

+

+_Upton-on-Severn Words and Phrases._ By Rev. ROBERT LAWSON. E. D. S.

+1884. A reprint of his smaller _Glossary_, which originally appeared

+in _The Nation in the Parish_, by Mrs. LAWSON.

+

+_The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire._

+By JAMES JENNINGS. 1825. Second edition, revised and edited by Rev.

+JAMES K. JENNINGS. London, 1869.

+

+_Poems of Rural Life in the Dorset Dialect._ By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+_Glossary_, pp. 459-467, edition 1888.

+

+_Glossary of the Dorset Dialect_, 1863-86. By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+Also the additional _Word-lists_ published by him from time to time

+in the _Dorset County Chronicle_.

+

+_Natural History, Folk Speech, and Superstitions of Dorsetshire._ By

+J. S. UDAL. A paper read before the Dorset Field Club at Dorchester,

+in February, 1889, containing a _Glossary_, which was given in full

+in the report in the local papers at the time.

+

+_A Glossary of Dialect & Archaic Words used in the County of

+Gloucester._ By J. D. ROBERTSON. Edited by Lord MORETON. E. D. S.

+1890.

+

+_A Glossary of Hampshire Words and Phrase_s. By the Rev. Sir WILLIAM

+H. COPE. E. D. S. 1883.

+

+_A Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect._ By Rev. W. D. PARISH. Lewes.

+1875.

+

+_On the Dialects of Eleven Southern and South-Western Counties_, with

+a new Classification of the English Dialects. By Prince LOUIS LUCIEN

+BONAPARTE. E. D. S. 1877.

+

+_On the Survival of Early English Words in our present Dialects._ By

+Rev. RICHARD MORRIS. E. D. S. 1876.

+

+_Old Country and Farming Words._ By JAMES BRITTEN. E. D. S. 1880.

+Contains extracts from the following volumes, among which may be

+found a few additional Wilts words, as well as much information on

+our agricultural terms:--

+

+    ELLIS, WILLIAM. _The Modern Husbandman_. 1750.

+    _Reports of the Agricultural Survey_, 1793-1813.

+    LISLE, EDWARD. _Observations in Husbandry_. 1757.

+    WORLIDGE, J. _Dictionarium rusticum_. 1681.

+    _Annals of Agriculture, &c._ 1784-1815.

+    MORTON, JOHN C. _Cyclopædia of Agriculture_, 1863.

+

+_Folk-Etymology, a Dictionary of Verbal Corruptions, &c._ By Rev. A.

+SMYTHE PALMER. London, 1882.

+

+_Lettice Lisle._ By Lady VERNEY. 1870. Contains much excellent Hants

+talk.

+

+_The New Forest: its History and its Scenery._ By J. R. WISE. London,

+1871. Glossary, pp. 279-288, also words in text.

+

+_Jonathan Merle: a West Country story of the times._ By ELISABETH B.

+BAYLY. 1890. Affords many good illustrations of words used in Wilts,

+as the two following works also do.

+

+_Tess of the D'Urbervilles._ By THOMAS HARDY. 1891.

+

+_The Story of Dick._ By Major GAMBIER PARRY. 1892.

+

+_Dark: a Tale of the Down Country._ By Mrs. STEPHEN BATSON. London,

+1892. The scene is laid in Berks, just over the borders, but the

+dialect, which is excellently done, is to all intents and purposes

+that of North Wilts.

+

+_A History of Marlborough College during Fifty Years._ By A. G.

+BRADLEY, A. C. CHAMPNEYS, and J. W. BAINES. London, 1893.

+

+_John Darke's Sojourn in the Cotteswolds and elsewhere._ By S. S.

+BUCKMAN. 1890.

+

+_The Scouring of the White Horse._ By THOMAS HUGHES. 1858.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX II

+

+Cunnington MS.

+

+

+Among the various books and word-lists which we have consulted during

+the progress of this work, by no means the least interesting is the

+manuscript containing a _Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in

+North Wilts_, believed to have been compiled about the middle of last

+century, which was kindly lent us by its present owner, Mr. William

+Cunnington, and is here frequently referred to as _Cunnington MS._

+

+This valuable relic was at one time in the possession of Mr. J.

+Britton, as is proved by the notes in his _early_ handwriting on the

+outer leaves, and was evidently the source to which he was indebted

+for some portions of his 1825 _Glossary_ (in the _Beauties of Wilts_,

+vol. iii), the very peculiar wording and spelling of some of its

+paragraphs having been transferred direct to his pages. It must,

+however, have been in his hands at a much earlier date than 1825, as

+one or two of the notes appear to have been made at the time he was

+collecting materials for the 1814 volume on Wilts.

+

+Not only has it afforded us several hitherto un-noted words, which

+Mr. Britton himself had passed over, possibly because even in

+his own time they were already grown obsolete, but it has also

+enabled us to clear up several doubtful points, and especially to

+show how, by a very simple misreading of the MS., from the easily

+identified _sprawny_ (a variant of _sprunny_) was evolved that

+mysterious 'ghost-word' _sprawing_, which has ever since misled our

+glossary-makers, each one having seemingly taken it on the faith of

+his immediate predecessor.

+

+The _Vocabulary_, which we here reproduce _verbatim et literatim_,

+consists of ten quarto pages, the first two of which are covered with

+notes in pencil and ink, in at least four different hands, partly

+archæological and topographical, and partly relating to dialect

+words in Wilts and elsewhere. It is written in an extremely legible

+old hand, with a few additions and interlineations in other hands,

+and contains about one hundred words and phrases, of which we owe

+just two-thirds to the original compiler, who is supposed to have

+been a North Wilts clergyman. If so, it is probable that his very

+characteristic handwriting could readily be identified by any one who

+was familiar with our last-century parish registers.

+

+The interlineations have been made at different dates and in

+different hands, _acrass_, _chit_, _clout_, _gallered_, _hire_,

+_hitch_, _muxen_, _shirk off_, _slink away_, _skillin_, _stowl_,

+_stole_, _thick_ and _thuck_, _won't_, with the numerals at the end,

+being in pencil, two or three of them having been inked over at

+some time or other; while _arran_, _clavey_, _clap to_, _desperd_,

+_dowse_, _hit_, _nan_, _plye_, _rathe_, _sprawny_, the definition

+of _thick_ and _thuck_, _tun_, _tag_, _twit_, and _vuddels_, are in

+ink, and mostly in a much larger and somewhat peculiar hand. The

+pencilling is now almost entirely obliterated.

+

+The MS. was given by Mr. Britton to Mr. Cunnington, with other books

+and papers, many years ago, and its existence appears to have been

+unknown until we called attention to it in the _Wilts Archæological

+Magazine_, vol. xxvi. p. 293.

+

+

+Front page of Cover.

+

+    [_Writing entirely in pencil, in Mr. Britton's hand, except the

+    word Vocabulary._]

+

+XXII. 107. Broad Hinton. Vic. Mr. Hume of Salisby late Vicar a manor

+well immense depth. abt 10 ms to draw Some of the Glanvilles buried

+here. Old monk [? _tomb_] of this family one of these Gs wrote on

+Witches--all chalk large crane wheel room for 3 men.

+

+

+Vocabulary.

+

+    [_Here two lines of writing, probably the name and address

+    of the compiler, have been scratched completely out with a

+    penknife._]

+

+See Ascough's Index [_Here another word now illegible._]

+

+    [_Here a rough sketch, marked_ Spring, _probably relating to

+    the above well._]

+

+

+Inside of Cover.

+

+Main sprack--for lively--Wilts

+

+Information in Bowels--

+

+Obliterate Scoolmaster--

+

+Mandy--saucy--Wilts

+

+    [_These four lines are in a more recent hand, on a slip gummed

+    in._]

+

+Werrutting teazing

+

+Thick for that

+

+direction "You must go all a skew thick vield there & then all a

+thirt tother & then looky one way & pointy another wool ye now"

+

+Anticks--main--mandy

+

+    [_These are in the same large, slightly feminine-looking hand

+    as some of the interlineations in the word-list._]

+

+_Enked_ is avaricious, wretched, from whence we have perhaps a

+term in English of unked; disagreeable, melancholy, tiresome. In

+Oxfordshire every thing unpleasant is _unked_.

+

+From the Persian.

+

+Rudge a cup or patera found here Horsley p. 330.

+

+    [_These are on a slip gummed in, in Mr. Britton's own hand._]

+

+

+The Vocabulary itself.

+

+COLLECTION OF A FEW PROVINCIAL TERMS USED IN NORTH WILTS.

+

+    Page 1.

+

+    =Arran= for either

+

+    =Acrass=

+

+    '=All a hoh='--awry--not square, strait or even--

+

+    =Beet=--To beet--is to supply fire with fewel

+

+    =Brow=--the opposite of Tough--Substances that will easily break

+

+    =Burrow=--Shelter from Wind--generally applied to some Low

+    Place in a field where some neighbouring hillock breaks the

+    force of the gale

+

+    =Caddle= a term variously applied, but in all cases significant

+    of Confusion or embarassmt To be in a Caddle--to be in

+    disorder--to be embarrassd with business--Dont Caddle me--dont

+    teaze me--don't confuse me--'a cadling fellow' a wrangler a

+    shifting, & sometimes an unmeaning character

+

+    =Clavey=--Chimney Piece

+

+    =Cham=--to Chew--

+

+    =Clap to the Door=--shut the Door.

+

+    Page 2.

+

+    =Chism=--to germ--Seed is said to chism when it discovers the

+    first appearance of germination

+

+    =Chit=--to spring--leaves are coming out.

+

+    =Cleet=--a Patch whereby an utensil is repaird--to cleet to

+    mend by a patch put on, & sometimes to Strengtn by bracing etc

+

+    =Clum=--To Clum a thing--is to handle it Roughly boisterously

+    or indecently

+

+    =Clyten= A term applied to express an unhealthy appearance,

+    particularly in Children--a Clyten an unhealthy Child

+

+    =Clout= a blow

+

+    =Clytenish=. To look Clytenish to Look pale & sickly

+

+    =Dain=--disagreeable effluvia--generally applied to Those

+    Scents which are Supposed to convey infections, i.e. "Dont go

+    to near that man; he has lately had the Small Pox & the _dain_

+    may be in his Cloths still"

+

+    =Desperd= very as desperd fine etc

+

+    Page 3

+

+    =Dummil=--Heavy, dull--a term variously applied--but in all

+    cases signifies the reverse of sprightly or Brilliant

+

+    =Dowse=--a Blow

+

+    =Dunch=--The Common term for Deaf

+

+    =Dunch Dumplin=--a Dumplin made of flower and water only--boild

+    hard & eaten hot with Butter--

+

+    =Dar=, 'to be struck in a Dar,' to be astonishd or Confounded

+

+    =Flick= or =flitch=--i.e. To be flitch with one,' is to be

+    familiar or intimate

+

+    =Gallered= to be astonished, frightened, as _he gallered me_

+

+    =Gabborn=--a term always applied to Buildings to denote

+    Largeness without Convenience & Comfort--a gabborn Room or

+    house signifies a place Large cold and comfortless

+

+    =Glox= a term applied to denote the motion or Sound made by

+    Liquids when movd about in a barrel or other vessel not full as

+

+    Page 4

+

+    for instance, "Fill the Barrel full John or else it will glox

+    in Carriage"--

+

+    =Glutch=--To Glutch, to swallow--the act of

+    Swallowing--i.e.--He glutchd hard that is he swallowed with

+    difficulty

+

+    =Hit= to strike

+

+    =Hazon=--To Hazon a Person is to scold or menace him--

+

+    =Harl=--=a Harl=--Something entangled--His hair is all in a

+    harl--i.e. knotted--uncombed

+    ravle

+

+    =To harl=--to entangle

+

+    =Hire= for hear--Dont hire do not _hear_

+

+    =Hatch= a small door or gate--generally applied to the half

+    doors frequent in Shops

+

+    =Heft=--weight--i e what heft is that Parcel i e what weight is

+    it--(perhaps a contraction of heavy-weight)

+

+    =Hike= To hike off--to sneak away dishonorably

+

+    =Hitch=--monthly Agents

+

+    =Howe=--Pronounced Broad and Long Ho-ow or Hau-ow--To be in a

+    hauow--to be anxious

+

+    =Howed for=--provided for--taken care of--a figurative

+    expression undoubtedly derived from the term

+

+    Page 5

+

+    made use of by Shepherds in driving collecting & managing their

+    flocks, i.e. Ho hó--ho-hó

+

+    =Hop a bouts= a term applied to small apple Dumplings made of

+    one apple enclosd in a Paste of flour & boild

+

+    =Hudgy=--thick Clumsey

+

+    =Kitch=--to Kitch or Ketch--to congeal--oils animal fat &c. are

+    said to catch or kitch when they grow cold enough to congeal

+

+    =Kerfs= Laminæ--Layers or cleavings of Earth Turf Hay &c.

+

+    =Lear=--empty--a Lear Stomach, a Stomach wanting food

+

+    =Lew=--To get in the Lew--is to get in a place Sheltered from

+    the wind--(perhaps derivd from the Sea Phrase--Lee--)

+

+    =Lewth= warmth--"this Coat has no Lewth in it," i.e. it has no

+    warmth

+

+    =Limp= a thing is said to be Limp when it has Lost its

+    accustomed Stiffness

+

+    =Limber=--Slender--or Rather a thing Long & bending

+

+    Page 6

+

+    =Māndy= pronouncd Long--frolicksome--Impudent--Showy

+

+    =Miff=--offence--to take a miff--to be offended

+

+    =Mothery= or =Muthery= Beer, vinegar &c. are said to be mothery

+    when white Particles of fust float in it--Perhaps a Corruption

+    of muddy or muddery--

+

+    =Most-in-deal=--in general--mostly--(example) "where do you

+    Live now?'--why at Devizes, most in deal, but sometimes at

+    Warminster--"

+

+    =Muxen= Dung heap.

+

+    =Newst=--Newst or anewst Signifies nearly--what is it a

+    Clock?--a newst One. which of the two is oldest?--They are

+    newst of an age. which of those things are best? they are a

+    newst alike--In the Latter example however the more usual reply

+    would be "they are anewst of a newstness"

+

+    =Nitch=--a Burthen, as a Nitch of wood a nitch of Straw a Nitch

+    of hay &c.--"He has got a nitch," i.e. he is Drunk, he has got

+    as much Liquor as he can carry--

+

+    =Plye= to bend as the Poker is plied--

+

+    =Nan?=--What do you say

+

+    =Quilt= To Quilt a term used almost exclusive of any other to

+    denote the act of Swallowing when performd

+

+    Page 7.

+

+    in the usual & natural way--the term Glutch being rather

+    descriptive of a difficulty in doing it or the doing it with

+    labour

+

+    =Rowney=--thin, uneven--generally applied to Cloth

+

+    =Rumple=--to Rumple is to press a thing, particularily

+

+    =Rathe=--early in the morning

+    a garment, so as to make it appear promiscuously

+    wrinkled--or tumbled

+

+    =Rubble=--universally us'd for Rubbish--

+

+    =Shewent= a Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is

+    evenly wove & not Rowey--it is also applied in other Cases but

+    always to denote a thing Level & even--to Look Shewent, is to

+    Look demure

+

+    =Shim= This word is rather of Glocestershire but it is

+    nevertheless in use on the North Border of wilts, & is a

+    Corruption or Contraction perhaps of Seeming--Ex. gra--He is a

+    fine fellow Shim--or he is, Shim, a fine fellow means that the

+    person spoken of is apparently a fine fellow

+

+    =Skillin=--a shed

+

+    =Shog=--Shog & jog--words nearly of the same import & Signify

+    to move off degradedly--to slink or shirk away

+

+    =Shirk= off

+

+    =Sleazey=--thin--Slight--generally applied to Cloth Silks &c.

+

+    =Slink away=

+

+    =Slox= to waste a thing, or pilfer it--"Sloxd away" wasted or

+    pilferd

+

+    Page 8.

+

+    =Stowl=--a root--great stowl

+

+    =Sprack=--Lively--bright quick a main sprack child

+

+    =Stole=--when trees, are buddg--trees

+

+    =Sultedge= a term applied to describe a Coarse apron much worn

+    by the poor Women & which they always describe by the term a

+    Sultedge apron

+

+    =Swingeing=--violent--great--forcible

+

+    =Sprawny= a Sweetheart [Misread as Sprawing by Britton.]

+

+    =Tack= a shelf--put it on the tack--i e put it on the

+    Shelf--How many tacks are there in the Pantry, i.e. how many

+    Shelves

+

+    =Teft=--to teft a thing is to judge of its weight by taking it

+    in the hand i e--what Heft do you think this Bundle is--I dont

+    know Let's teft it--i.e. let me take it in my hand

+

+    =Thic= & =Thuck= this & that--as thic wâ this way

+

+    =Tine=--to kindle--to tine a fire is to Light a fire,--to tine

+    a Candle--to Light a candle

+

+    =Tine= to fence to tine in a piece of waste ground is to

+    enclose it with a fence of wood or quickset

+

+    =Tining= fences of Wood either Brushwood Pales or a Hedge

+

+    =Tun= Chimney

+

+    Page 9.

+

+    =Tag= to tease to torment

+

+    =Todge=--a thick Consistency--Thick as Todge gruels, Soups,

+    etc, made unpleasantly thick

+

+    =Twit=--to upbraid

+

+    =Twire=--to Look at a thing wistfully or Critically 'How he

+    twir'd at her--i e. how wistfully he Look at her'--Common Phrase

+

+    =Vuddels= a spoilt Child

+

+    =Vinny= mouldy--Vinney Cheese, is mouldy Cheese--properly it

+    denotes anything tinted--not with a black or Rotten--but with a

+    whitish or blue mould--very common Phrase

+

+    =Unkerd= or =Unkert=--Lonely or Solitary--an unkert house a

+    Lone house--an unkert place a Solitary place--very Common phrase

+

+    =Weeth= tough Soft pliable--

+

+    =Yat= a gate--yat Post, a gate Post

+

+    =Wont= for Will not

+

+    =dree vour vive zix s=

+

+    N.B. In north wilts it may be remarkd that the formation of the

+    Plural by affixing en to the Noun is almost universal as house

+    housen Pease Peasen Wench wenchen--almost as universal too is

+    the transformation of the

+

+    Page 10.

+

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as a

+    Silken gown a Clothen Coat a Leatheren Shoe an elmen Board

+    &c. the pronoun Possessive too is formd in the same way as

+    hisn hern Ourn theirn--the old terms also, thic & thoc almost

+    Constantly exclude the expression This & That--There is also

+    here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs from Nouns, which

+    are generally in use as apellations for professions--take an

+    Example Well Mary, how do you get on in Life? what do you &

+    your family do _now_ to get a Living in these times--Wy zur we

+    do aal vind zummut to do--Jan, ye know, he do _Smithey_ (work

+    as a smith) Jin the beggist wench do spinney the Little one do

+    Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ (go out as a Chore Woman) and the

+    two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One works as a smith--one

+    spins one makes Lace one goes out as a Chore woman & two are

+    Birdkeepers which Latter term were more to the purpose if

+    expressd Bird frightener or driver

+

+    Show to Ingram-Ellis

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX III

+

+Monthly Magazine Word-list.

+

+

+In the _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii. p. 114, a

+short and very badly arranged list of South Wilts Words and Phrases

+occurs. We have thought it best to reproduce it here, _verbatim

+et literatim_, from the Magazine itself, kindly lent us by Mr.

+Cunnington, as the account given of it in the Preface to Professor

+Skeat's reprint of Akerman is in some respects slightly inaccurate.

+Thus, he omits all mention of _Hogo_ and some other words or phrases,

+while _Tatees_ is misquoted as _taters_ and _Theseum_ as _Thescum_.

+The remarks made on the latter word will therefore require some

+modification.

+

+

+Prefatory Note.

+

+_To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine._ Sir, In conformity to your

+invitation, I send you some specimens of the provincial dialect of

+South Wiltshire.

+

+                                      MARK. _July_ 23, 1813.

+

+

+    The Word-list.

+

+    _Thic_, this.

+

+    _Thac_, that.--"_Thacs_ the way I _do_ do."

+

+    _Theseum_, these.--"What are _theseum_ here?"

+

+    _Dooke_, do you.--"Hold thy brother, dooke." Or, "dooke be

+    quiet." [Brother _is evidently a misprint for_ bother.]

+

+    _Volk_, folk.--"Vaut vine volks." What fine folks.

+

+    _Wuld_, world.--"The honestest volk in the wuld."

+

+    _Heft_, weight.--"What heft be 'um?"

+

+    _Hiss_, Yes.--"Hiss sure, mum." Yes sure, madam.

+

+    _Housen_, house.--"Yan housen." Yonder house.

+

+    A always pronounced R. [=broad]

+

+    "Send it _once_ this morning, dooke." Send it this morning.

+

+    "I _do_ know what they be." [=I don't know]

+

+    "Harnt thee got nareon." Have not you got one.

+

+    "Nice day izzent it?"--"Yes it is sure."

+

+    _Thee_ and _thou_ for _you_.

+

+    _Crockerty_, china.--"I've torn my crockerty."

+

+    _Terrible_, very.--"Lard! they be terrible dear."

+

+    _Torn_, broke.

+

+    _Hogo_, smell.

+

+    "_What a book of clothes._" What a large wash.

+

+    _Barm_, yeast.

+

+    _Caddling_, teazing, chattering.

+

+    "_Mud the child up, dooke._" Bring up the child by hand.

+

+    "_Lard, the child's got the white mouth._" The child's got the

+    thrush.

+

+    _Shrammed_, perished.--"I was half shrammed on the downs[2]."

+

+    _Tatees_, potatoes. "I do want a gallon of tatees."

+

+    _Figged Pudding_, plum pudding.

+

+    _Handy_, near.--Handy ten o'clock.

+

+                             _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814.

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[2] [Here a foot-note is given in the Magazine, but has been

+obliterated in the only copy to which we have access.]

+

+

+THE END.

+

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transcriber's Notes:

+

+Obvious typographical errors were repaired.

+

+P. xv: "D when preceded by a liquid"--original read "followed" in

+place of "preceded."

+

+P. 30: p^d--original shows p with superscript d.

+

+Appendix II: unusual spellings and capitalizations preserved as in

+original.

+

+P. 228: "dain may be in his Cloths still"--"Cloths still" originally

+appeared below "Desperd" entry and "Page 3" heading.

+

+

+

+

+

+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the

+County of Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the County of

+Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

+

+

+Title: A Glossary of Words used in the County of Wiltshire

+

+Author: George Edward Dartnell

+        Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+Release Date: May 29, 2014 [EBook #45809]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN WILTSHIRE ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by David Edwards, JoAnn Greenwood, and the Online

+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This

+file was produced from images generously made available

+by The Internet Archive)

+

+

+

+

+

+

+Transcriber's Note:

+

+[=vowel] indicates vowel with a macron.

+[)vowel] indicates vowel with a breve.

+

+_Underscores_ indicate italics.

+=Equal signs= indicate bold fonts.

+~word~ indicates bold word in slightly smaller font.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+

+             GLOSSARY OF WILTSHIRE WORDS

+

+

+                        Oxford

+        HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY

+

+

+

+

+                 A Glossary of Words

+

+                     USED IN THE

+

+                 COUNTY OF WILTSHIRE.

+

+                          BY

+

+                GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL

+                        AND THE

+         REV. EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD, M.A.

+

+                        London:

+

+       PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY

+  BY HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE.

+               AMEN CORNER, LONDON, E.C.

+

+                         1893.

+

+               [_All rights reserved._]

+

+

+

+

+PREFACE

+

+

+The following pages must not be considered as comprising an

+exhaustive Glossary of our Wiltshire Folk-speech. The field is a

+wide one, and though much has been accomplished much more still

+remains to be done. None but those who have themselves attempted such

+a task know how difficult it is to get together anything remotely

+approaching a complete list of the dialect words used in a single

+small parish, to say nothing of a large county, such as ours. Even

+when the words themselves have been collected, the work is little

+more than begun. Their range in time and place, their history and

+etymology, the side-lights thrown on them by allusions in local or

+general literature, their relation to other English dialects, and

+a hundred such matters, more or less interesting, have still to be

+dealt with. However, in spite of many difficulties and hindrances,

+the results of our five years or more of labour have proved very

+satisfactory, and we feel fully justified in claiming for this

+_Glossary_ that it contains the most complete list of Wiltshire words

+and phrases which has as yet been compiled. More than one-half of

+the words here noted have never before appeared in any Wiltshire

+Vocabulary, many of them being now recorded for the first time for

+any county, while in the case of the remainder much additional

+information will be found given, as well as numerous examples of

+actual folk-talk.

+

+The greater part of these words were originally collected by us

+as rough material for the use of the compilers of the projected

+_English Dialect Dictionary_, and have been appearing in instalments

+during the last two years in the _Wilts Arch�ological Magazine_

+(vol. xxvi, pp. 84-169, and 293-314; vol. xxvii, pp. 124-159), as

+_Contributions towards a Wiltshire Glossary_. The whole list has now

+been carefully revised and much enlarged, many emendations being

+made, and a very considerable number of new words inserted, either

+in the body of the work, or as _Addenda_. A few short stories,

+illustrating the dialect as actually spoken now and in Akerman's

+time, with a brief _Introduction_ dealing with Pronunciation, &c.,

+and _Appendices_ on various matters of interest, have also been

+added; so that the size of the work has been greatly increased.

+

+As regards the nature of the dialect itself, the subject has been

+fully dealt with by abler pens than ours, and we need only mention

+here that it belongs to what is now known as the South-Western group,

+which also comprises most of Dorset, Hants, Gloucester, and parts

+of Berks and Somerset. The use of dialect would appear gradually

+to be dying out now in the county, thanks, perhaps, to the spread

+of education, which too often renders the rustic half-ashamed of

+his native tongue. Good old English as at base it is,--for many a

+word or phrase used daily and hourly by the Wiltshire labourer has

+come down almost unchanged, even as regards pronunciation, from his

+Anglo-Saxon forefathers,--it is not good enough for him now. One

+here, and another there, will have been up to town, only to come back

+with a stock of slang phrases and misplaced aspirates, and a large

+and liberal contempt for the old speech and the old ways. The natural

+result is that here, as elsewhere, every year is likely to add

+considerably to the labour of collecting, until in another generation

+or so what is now difficult may become an almost hopeless task. No

+time should be lost, therefore, in noting down for permanent record

+every word and phrase, custom or superstition, still current among

+us, that may chance to come under observation.

+

+The words here gathered together will be found to fall mainly under

+three heads;--(1) Dialect, as _Caddle_, (2) Ordinary English with

+some local shade of meaning, as _Unbelieving_, and (3) Agricultural,

+as _Hyle_, many of the latter being also entitled to rank as Dialect.

+There may also be noted a small number of old words, such as _toll_

+and _charm_, that have long died out of standard English, but still

+hold their own among our country people. We have not thought it

+advisable, as a general rule, to follow the example set us by our

+predecessors in including such words as _archet_ and _deaw_, which

+merely represent the local pronunciation of orchard and dew; nor

+have we admitted _cantankerous_, _tramp_, and certain others that

+must now rank with ordinary English, whatever claim they may once

+have had to be considered as provincial. More leniency, however, has

+been exercised with regard to the agricultural terms, many that are

+undoubtedly of somewhat general use being retained side by side with

+those of more local limitation.

+

+The chief existing sources of information are as follows:--(1)

+the Glossary of Agricultural Terms in Davis's _General View of

+the Agriculture of Wilts_, 1809; reprinted in the _Arch�ological

+Review_, March, 1888, with many valuable notes by Prof. Skeat;

+(2) The Word-list in vol. iii. of Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_,

+1825; collated with Akerman, and reprinted in 1879 for the English

+Dialect Society, with additions and annotations, by Prof. Skeat;

+(3) Akerman's _North Wilts Glossary_, 1842, based upon Britton's

+earlier work; (4) Halliwell's _Dictionary_, 1847, where may be

+found most (but not all) of the Wiltshire words occurring in our

+older literature, as the anonymous fifteenth-century _Chronicon

+Vilodunense_, the works of John Aubrey, Bishop Kennett's _Parochial

+Antiquities_, and the collections by the same author, which form

+part of the _Lansdowne MSS._; (5) Wright's _Dictionary of Obsolete

+and Provincial English_, 1859, which is mainly a condensation of

+Halliwell's work, but contains a few additional Wiltshire words;

+(6) a Word-list in Mr. E. Slow's _Wiltshire Poems_, which he has

+recently enlarged and published separately; and (7) the curious old

+MS. _Vocabulary_ belonging to Mr. W. Cunnington, a _verbatim_ reprint

+of which will be found in the Appendix.

+

+Other authorities that must here be accorded a special mention are

+a paper _On some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases_, by the Rev. W. C.

+Plenderleath, in the _Wilts Arch�ological Magazine_; Britten and

+Holland's invaluable _Dictionary of English Plant-names_, which,

+however, is unfortunately very weak as regards Wilts names; the Rev.

+A. C. Smith's _Birds of Wiltshire_; Akerman's _Wiltshire Tales_; the

+_Flower-class Reports_ in the _Sarum Diocesan Gazette_; the very

+scarce _Song of Solomon in North Wilts Dialect_, by Edward Kite,

+a work of the highest value as regards the preservation of local

+pronunciation and modes of expression, but containing very few words

+that are not in themselves ordinary English; the works of Richard

+Jefferies; Canon Jackson's valuable edition of Aubrey's _Wiltshire

+Collections_; and Britton's condensation of the _Natural History of

+Wilts_. In _Old Country and Farming Words_, by Mr. Britten, 1880,

+much information as to our agricultural terms may be found, gathered

+together from the _Surveys_ and similar sources. Lastly, the various

+_Glossaries_ of the neighbouring counties, by Cope, Barnes, Jennings,

+and other writers, should be carefully collated with our Wiltshire

+Glossaries, as they often throw light on doubtful points. Fuller

+particulars as to these and other works bearing on the subject will

+be found in the Appendix on _Wiltshire Bibliography_.

+

+We regret that it has been found impossible to carry out Professor

+Skeat's suggestion that the true pronunciation should in all doubtful

+cases be clearly indicated by its Glossic equivalent. To make such

+indications of any practical value they should spring from a more

+intimate knowledge of that system than either of us can be said to

+possess. The same remarks will also apply to the short notes on

+Pronunciation, &c., where our utter inexperience as regards the

+modern scientific systems of Phonetics must be pleaded as our excuse

+for having been compelled to adopt methods that are as vague as they

+are unscientific.

+

+To the English Dialect Society and its officers we are deeply

+indebted for their kindness and generosity in undertaking to adopt

+this _Glossary_, and to publish it in their valuable series of

+County Glossaries, as well as for the courtesy shown us in all

+matters connected with the work. We have also to thank the Wilts

+Arch�ological Society for the space afforded us from time to time

+in their _Magazine_, and the permission granted us to reprint the

+_Word-lists_ therefrom.

+

+In our _Prefaces_ to these _Word-lists_ we mentioned that we should

+be very glad to receive any additions or suggestions from those

+interested in the subject. The result of these appeals has been very

+gratifying, not only with regard to the actual amount of new material

+so obtained, but also as showing the widespread interest felt in

+a branch of Wiltshire Arch�ology which has hitherto been somewhat

+neglected, and we gladly avail ourselves of this opportunity of

+repeating our expression of thanks to all those who have so kindly

+responded. To Dr. Jennings we owe an extremely lengthy list of

+Malmesbury words, from which we have made numerous extracts. We have

+found it of special value, as showing the influence of Somersetshire

+on the vocabulary and pronunciation of that part of the county. To

+Sir C. Hobhouse we are indebted for some interesting words, amongst

+which the survival of the A.S. _attercop_ is well worth noting. We

+have to thank Mr. W. Cunnington for assistance in many ways, and for

+the loan of MSS. and books, which we have found of great service.

+To Mr. J. U. Powell and Miss Kate Smith we owe the greater part of

+the words marked as occurring in the Deverill district. Mr. E. J.

+Tatum has given us much help as regards local Plant-names: Miss E.

+Boyer-Brown, Mr. F. M. Willis, Mr. E. Slow, Mr. James Rawlence,

+Mr. F. A. Rawlence, Mr. C. E. Ponting, Mr. R. Coward, the Rev. W.

+C. Plenderleath, Mr. Septimus Goddard, Mrs. Dartnell, the Rev. C.

+Soames, and the Rev. G. Hill must also be specially mentioned. We

+are indebted to Mr. W. Gale, gardener at Clyffe Pypard Vicarage, for

+valuable assistance rendered us in verifying words and reporting new

+ones.

+

+We take this opportunity of acknowledging gratefully the assistance

+which we have throughout the compilation of this _Glossary_ received

+from H. N. Goddard, Esq., of the Manor, Clyffe Pypard, to whose wide

+knowledge and long experience of Wiltshire words and ways we owe

+many valuable suggestions; from the Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer, D.D., who

+has taken much interest in the work, and to whose pen we owe many

+notes; from Professor Skeat, who kindly gave us permission to make

+use of his reprints; and last, but by no means least, from the Rev.

+A. L. Mayhew, who most kindly went through the whole MS., correcting

+minutely the etymologies suggested, and adding new matter in many

+places.

+

+In conclusion, we would say that we hope from time to time to publish

+further lists of _Addenda_ in the _Wilts Arch�ological Magazine_ or

+elsewhere, and that any additions and suggestions will always be very

+welcome, however brief they may be. The longest contributions are not

+always those of most value, and it has more than once happened that

+words and phrases of the greatest interest have occurred in a list

+whose brevity was its only fault.

+

+        GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL,

+                  _Abbottsfield, Stratford Road, Salisbury_.

+

+        EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD,

+             _The Vicarage, Clyffe Pypard, Wootton Bassett_.

+

+

+

+

+    CONTENTS

+

+

+                                                          PAGE

+

+    INTRODUCTION                                      xiii-xix

+

+    LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS                                   xx

+

+    GLOSSARY                                             1-186

+

+    ADDENDA TO GLOSSARY                                187-204

+

+    SPECIMENS OF DIALECT:--

+

+      EXTRACTS FROM THE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE      205-208

+      THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE                        208-209

+      THE VARGESES                                         210

+      THOMAS'S WIVES                                   210-211

+      MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES                         211

+      HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY                   211-212

+      GWOIN' RAYTHUR TOO VUR WI' A VEYTHER             212-213

+      NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER                         213-214

+      PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS                                 214

+      THE CANNINGS VAWK                                214-215

+      LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE                            215-216

+      KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY                               216

+

+    APPENDICES:--

+

+        I.--BIBLIOGRAPHY                               217-223

+       II.--CUNNINGTON MS.                             224-233

+      III.--MONTHLY MAGAZINE WORD-LIST                 234-235

+

+

+

+

+INTRODUCTION

+

+

+The following notes may perhaps serve to give some slight indication

+as to pronunciation, &c., but without the aid of Glossic it is

+impossible accurately to reproduce the actual sounds.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_A_ is usually lengthened out or broadened in some way or other.

+

+Thus in _hazon_ and _haslet_ it would be pronounced somewhat as in

+_baa_, this being no doubt what the _Monthly Magazine_ means by

+saying that '_a_ is always pronounced as _r_.'

+

+When _a_ is immediately followed by _r_, as in _ha'sh_, harsh,

+and _paa'son_, parson, the result is that the _r_ appears to be

+altogether dropped out of the word.

+

+_Aw_ final always becomes _aa_, as _laa_, law, _draa_, draw, _thaa_,

+thaw.

+

+In _saace_, sauce, _au_ becomes _aa_.

+

+_A_ is also broadened into _e�_.

+

+Thus _garden_, _gate_, and _name_ become _ge�rden_, _ge�t_, and

+_ne�me_.

+

+These examples may, however, be also pronounced in other ways, even

+in the same sentence, as _garne_, _y[)a]t_, and _naayme_, or often

+_ne-um_.

+

+_A_ is often softened in various ways.

+

+Thus, _thrash_ becomes _draish_, and _wash_, _waish_ or _weish_.

+

+It is often changed to _o_, as _zot_, sat, _ronk_, rank.

+

+Also to _e_, as _piller_, pillar, _refter_, rafter, _pert_, part.

+

+In _vur_, far, the sound is _u_ rather than _e_.

+

+The North Wilts version of the _Song of Solomon_ gives frequent

+examples of _oi_ for _ai_, as _choir_, chair, _foir_, fair, _moyden_,

+maiden; but this is probably an imported letter-change, _chayer_ or

+_chai-yer_, for instance, being nearer the true sound.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_E_ is often broadened into _aa_ or _aay_.

+

+Thus _they_ gives us _thaay_, and _break_, _braayke_.

+

+In _marchant_, merchant, and _zartin_, certain, the sound given is as

+in _tar_.

+

+_Ei_ takes the sound of _a_ in _fate_, as _desave_, deceive.

+

+_Left_, _smell_, and _kettle_ become _lift_, _smill_, and _kiddle_.

+

+In South Wilts _[)e]_ in such words as _egg_ or _leg_ becomes _a_

+or _ai_, giving us _aig_ and _laig_ or _l[)a]g_. Thus a Heytesbury

+Rosalind would render--

+

+    'O Jupiter, how weary are my legs!'

+

+by 'O-my-poor-vit'n-laigs!' uttered all in one gasp. In N. Wilts the

+_e_ in these words is not perceptibly so altered.

+

+The _[)e]_ in such words as _linnet_ usually takes the _u_ sound,

+giving us _linnut_. In _yes_ it is lengthened out into _eece_ in S.

+Wilts, and in N. Wilts into _cez_.

+

+Long _e_ or _ee_ is shortened into _i_, as _ship_, sheep, _kippur_,

+keeper, _wick_, week, _fit_, _vit_, feet, the latter word sometimes

+being also pronounced as _ve-ut_.

+

+_Heat_ becomes _het_, and _heater_ (a flat-iron), _hetter_; while

+_hear_ is usually _hire_ in N. Wilts.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_I_ short becomes _e_, as _breng_, bring, _drenk_, drink, _zet_, sit,

+_pegs_, pigs.

+

+Occasionally it is lengthened into _ee_, as _leetle_, little.

+

+In _hit_ (_pret._) and _if_ it usually takes the sound of _u_, as

+_hut_ and _uf_ or _uv_; but _hit_ in the present tense is _het_, and

+_if_ is often sounded as _ef_ in N. Wilts.

+

+At the beginning of a word, _im_, _in_, and _un_ usually become _on_,

+as _onpossible_, _ondacent_, _oncommon_.

+

+In present participles the sound given varies between _un'_, _en'_,

+and _in'_, the _g_ almost invariably being dropped.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_O_ very commonly becomes _a_, as _archet_, orchard, _tharn_, thorn,

+_vant_, font, _vram_, from, _carn_, corn.

+

+Quite as commonly it takes the _au_ or _aw_ sound, as _hawp_, hope,

+_aupen_, open, _cawls_, coals, _hawle_, hole, _smawk_, smoke.

+

+In such words as _cold_ and _four_, the sound is _ow_ rather than

+_aw_, thus giving us _cowld_ and _vower_.

+

+_Moss_ in S. Wilts sometimes takes the long _e_, becoming _m[=e]sh_,

+while in N. Wilts it would merely be _mawss_.

+

+_Know_ becomes either _knaw_ or _kneow_.

+

+_O_ is often sounded _oo_, as _goold_, gold, _cwoort_, court,

+_mwoor'n_ or _moor'n_, more than, _poorch_, porch.

+

+_Oo_ is sometimes shortened into _[)u]_, as _shut_, shoot, _sut_,

+soot, _tuk_, took.

+

+Very commonly the sound given to _[=o]_ is _wo_ or _wo�_. Thus we

+get _twoad_, toad (sometimes _twoad_), _pwoast_, post, _bwoy_, boy,

+_rwo�s_, a rose, _bwo�n_, bone, _spwoke_ (but more usually _spawk_ in

+N. Wilts), spoke.

+

+_Oa_ at the beginning of a word becomes _wu_, as _wuts_, oats.

+

+_Oi_ in _noise_ and _rejoice_ is sounded as _ai_.

+

+In _ointment_ and _spoil_ it becomes _[=i]_ or _w[=i]_, giving

+_intment_ and _spile_ or _spwile_.

+

+_Ow_ takes the sound of _er_ or _y_, in some form or other, as

+_vollur_ and _volly_, to follow, _winder_ and _windy_, a window.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_U_ in such words as _fusty_ and _dust_ becomes _ow_, as _fowsty_,

+_dowst_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_D_ when preceded by a liquid is often dropped, as _veel'_, field,

+_vine_, to find, _dreshol_, threshold, _groun'_, ground.

+

+Conversely, it is added to such words as _miller_, _gown_, _swoon_,

+which become _millard_, _gownd_, and _zownd_.

+

+In _orchard_ and _Richard_ the _d_ becomes _t_, giving us _archet_

+and _Richut_ or _Rich't_; while occasionally _t_ becomes _d_,

+_linnet_ being formerly (but not now) thus pronounced as _linnard_ in

+N. Wilts.

+

+_D_ is dropped when it follows _n_, in such cases as _Swinnun_,

+Swindon, _Lunnon_, London.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Su_ sometimes becomes _Shu_, as _Shusan_, Susan, _shoot_, suit,

+_shewut_, suet, _shower_, sure, _Shukey_, Sukey.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Y_ is used as an aspirate in _yacker_, acre, _yarm_, arm, _yeppern_,

+apron, _yerriwig_, earwig. It takes the place of _h_ in _ye�d_, head,

+_yeldin_, a hilding; and of _g_ in _yeat_ or _yat_, a gate.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Consonants are often substituted, _chimney_ becoming _chimbley_ or

+_chimley_, _parsnip_, _pasmet_, and _turnip_, _turmut_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transpositions are very common, many of them of course representing

+the older form of a word. For examples we may take _ax_, to ask,

+_apern_, apron, _girt_, great, _wopse_, wasp, _aps_, the aspen,

+_claps_, to clasp, _cruds_, curds, _childern_, children.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_F_ almost invariably becomes _v_, as _vlower_, flower, _vox_, fox,

+_vur_, far, _vall_, fall, _vlick_, flick, _vant_, font.

+

+In such words as _afterclaps_ and _afternoon_ it is not sounded at

+all.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_L_ is not sounded in such words as _amwoast_, almost, and

+_a'mighty_, almighty.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_N_ final is occasionally dropped, as _lime-kill_, lime-kiln.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_P_, _F_, _V_, and _B_ are frequently interchanged, _brevet_ and

+_privet_ being forms of the same word, while to _bag_ peas becomes

+_fag_ or _vag_ when applied to wheat.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_R_ is slurred over in many cases, as _e'ath_, earth, _foc'd_,

+forced, _ma'sh_, marsh, _vwo'th_, forth.

+

+It often assumes an excrescent _d_ or _t_, as _cavaltry_, horsemen,

+_crockerty_, crockery, _scholard_, scholar.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_H_ has the sound of _wh_ in _whoam_, home. This word, however, as

+Mr. Slow points out in the Preface to his Glossary--

+

+    _Bob._ Drat if I dwon't goo _wom_ to marrer.

+

+    _Zam._ Wat's evir waant ta go _wimm_ var.

+

+    _Bob._ Why, they tell's I as ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be

+    caal'd _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.--

+

+is variously pronounced as _wom_, _wimm_, and _whoam_, even in the

+same village.

+

+As stated at page 72, the cockney misuse of _h_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. It was virtually unknown sixty or seventy

+years ago, and even so late as thirty years back was still unusual

+in our villages. _Hunked_ for _unked_ is almost the only instance to

+be found in Akerman, for instance. But the plague is already fast

+spreading, and we fear that the Catullus of the next generation will

+have to liken the Hodge of his day to the Arrius (the Roman 'Arry) of

+old:--

+

+    C_h_ommoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet

+      Dicere, et _h_insidias Arrius insidias ...

+    Ionios fluctus, postquam illuc Arrius isset,

+      Iam non Ionios esse, sed _H_ionios.

+

+Touching this point the Rev. G. Hill writes us from Harnham Vicarage

+as follows:--'I should like to bear out what you say with regard to

+the use of the letter _h_ in South-West Wilts. When I lived in these

+parts twenty years ago, its omission was not I think frequent. The

+putting it where it ought not to be did not I think exist. I find

+now that the _h_ is invariably dropped, and occasionally added, the

+latter habit being that of the better educated.'

+

+_H_ becomes _y_ in _ye�d_, head.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_K_ is often converted into _t_, as _ast_, to ask, _mast_, a mask,

+_bleat_, bleak.

+

+_T_ is conversely often replaced by _k_, as _masking_,

+acorn-gathering, from 'mast,' while sleet becomes _sleek_, and pant,

+_pank_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_S_ usually takes the sound of _z_, as _zee_, to see, _zaa_, a saw,

+_zowl_, soul, _zaat_ or _zate_, soft, _zider_, cider, _zound_, to

+swoon.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Thr_ usually becomes _dr_, as _dree_, three, _droo_, through,

+_draish_, to thrash.

+

+In _afurst_, athirst, and _fust_, thirst, we still retain a very

+ancient characteristic of Southern English.

+

+_T_ is always dropped in such words as _kept_ and _slept_, which

+become _kep'_ and _slep'_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Liquids sometimes drop the next letter, as _kill_, kiln; but more

+usually take an excrescent _t_ or _d_, as _varmint_, vermin,

+_steart_, a steer, _gownd_, gown.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_W_ as an initial is generally dropped in N. Wilts in such cases as

+_'oont_, a want or mole, _'ooman_, woman, _'ood_, wood.

+

+Occasionally in S. Wilts it takes the aspirate, _'ood_ being then

+_hood_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Final _g_ is always dropped in the present participle, as _singin'_,

+_livin'_, living; also in nouns of more than one syllable which end

+in _ing_. It is, however, retained in monosyllabic nouns and verbs,

+such as _ring_ and _sing_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Pre_ becomes _pur_, as _purtend_, pretend, _purserve_, preserve.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Sometimes a monosyllabic word will be pronounced as a dissyllable,

+as we have already mentioned, _ne-um_, _ve-ut_, _ve-us_, and _ke-up_

+being used concurrently with _naayme_, _vit_ or _fit_, _ve�ce_, and

+_kip_ or _keep_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The prefix _a_ is always used with the present participle, as

+_a-gwain'_, going, _a-zettin' up_, sitting up.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The article _an_ is never used, a doing duty on all occasions, as

+'Gie I a apple, veyther.'

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Plurals will be found to be dealt with in the _Glossary_ itself,

+under _En_ and _Plurals_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Pronouns will also be found grouped together under _Pronouns_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_As_ is used for _who_, _which_, and _that_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Active verbs govern the nominative case.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Verbs do not agree with their nominative, either in number or person.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The periphrastic tenses are often used in S. Wilts, as 'I do mind

+un,' but in N. Wilts the rule is to employ the simple tenses instead,

+merely altering the person, as 'I minds un.' In S. Wilts you might

+also say 'It be a vine night,' whereas in N. Wilts ''Tes a vine

+night' would be more correct.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+In conclusion we would mention that we hope in the course of the next

+year or two to be able to deal with the grammatical and phonological

+sides of our Dialect in a somewhat more adequate manner than it has

+been possible to do on the present occasion.

+

+

+

+

+A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS USED.

+

+[For full titles of works see Appendix.]

+

+

+    (A.)   Words given for Wilts in  Akerman.

+    (B.)         "         "         Britton.

+    (C.)         "         "         Cunnington MS.

+    (D.)         "         "         Davis.

+    (G.)         "         "         Grose.

+    (H.)         "         "         Halliwell.

+    (K.)         "         "         Kennett.

+    (M.)         "         "         Monthly Magazine.

+    (S.)         "         "         Slow.

+    (Wr.)        "         "         Wright.

+

+    N. & S.W. North and South Wilts, the place-names following

+    being those of localities where the word is reported as being

+    in use.

+

+    * An asterisk denotes that the word against which it is placed

+    has not as yet been met with by ourselves in this county,

+    although given by some authority or other as used in Wilts.

+

+

+

+

+WILTS GLOSSARY

+

+

+=A=. He; she. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=A=, pl. =As= or =Ais=. _n._ A harrow or drag (D.); probably from

+A.S. _egethe_, M.E. _eythe_, a harrow (Skeat).--S.W., obsolete. This

+term for a harrow was still occasionally to be heard some thirty

+years ago, in both Somerset and Wilts, but is now disused. Davis

+derives it from the triangular shape of the drag, resembling the

+letter A.

+

+=A-Drag=. A large heavy kind of drag (_Agric. of Wilts_). Still used

+in South Wilts for harrowing turnips before the hoers go in.

+

+=Abear=. To bear, to endure (S.). 'I can't abear to see the poor

+theng killed.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Abide=. To bear, to endure. 'I can't abide un nohow.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=About=. (1) _adv._ Extremely. Used to emphasize a statement, as

+''T'wer just about cold s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (2) At one's ordinary

+work again, after an illness. 'My missus were bad aal last wick wi'

+rheumatiz, but she be about agen now.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Acksen=. See ~Axen~.

+

+=Adder's-tongue=. _Listera ovata_, Br., Twayblade.--S.W.

+

+=Adderwort=. _Polygonum Bistorta_, L., Bistort.--S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+=Afeard=, =Aveard=. Afraid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Agalds=. Hawthorn berries. (_English Plant Names._) _Aggles_ in

+Devon.

+

+=Agg=. (1) To hack or cut clumsily (A.B.H.S.Wr.); also ~Aggle~ and

+~Haggle~.--N. & S.W. (2) To irritate, to provoke.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ahmoo=. A cow; used by mothers to children, as 'Look at they pretty

+ahmoos a-comin'!'--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Ailes=, =Eyles=, =Iles=, &c. The awns of barley (D.); cf. A.S.

+_egle_, an ear of corn, M.E. _eile_. Hail in _Great Estate_, ch.

+i.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Aisles of wheat=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=All-a-hoh=. All awry (A.B.C.H.Wr.); also ~All-a-huh~. Unevenly

+balanced, lop-sided. A.S. _aw�h_. 'That load o' carn be

+aal-a-hoh.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=, =Allemang=, =All-o-mong=. Mingled together, as when

+two flocks of sheep are accidentally driven together and mixed up

+(A.B.G.H.S.Wr.). Seldom heard now.--N. & S.W.

+

+=All one as=. Just like. 'I be 'tirely blowed up all one as a

+drum.'--N.W. Compare--

+

+    ''Twere all as one to fix our hopes on Heaven

+    As on this vision of the golden year.'--TENNYSON.

+

+=All one for that=. For all that, notwithstanding, in spite of, as

+'It medn't be true all one for that.'--N.W.

+

+=Aloud=. 'That there meat stinks aloud,' smells very bad.--N.W.

+

+*=A-masked=. Bewildered, lost (_MS. Lansd._, in a letter dated 1697:

+H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+    'Leaving him more masked than he was before.'

+

+                                FULLER's _Holy War_, iii. 2.

+

+=Ame�d=. Aftermath. See note to Yeomath.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Anan=, ='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.); used by a labourer who does

+not quite comprehend his master's orders. ='Nan= (A.B.) is still

+occasionally used in N. Wilts, but it is almost obsolete.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anbye=. _adv._ Some time hence, presently, at some future time. 'I

+be main busy now, but I'll do't anbye.'--N.W.

+

+=Anchor=. The chape of a buckle (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=And that=. And all that sort of thing, and so forth. 'Well, he _do_

+have a drop tide-times and that.'--S.W.

+

+=Aneoust=, =Aneust=, =Anoust=, =Neust=, or =Noust=. Nearly, about the

+same (A.B.G.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anighst=. Near (A.S.). 'Nobody's bin anighst us since you come.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Anneal=. A thoroughly heated oven, just fit for the batch of bread

+to be put in, is said to be nealded, i.e. annealed.--S.W.

+

+=Anoint=, ='Nint= (i long). To beat soundly. 'I'll 'nint ye when I

+gets home!' See ~Nineter~.--N.W.

+

+*=Anont=, =Anunt=. Against, opposite (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Any more than=. Except, although, only. 'He's sure to come any more

+than he might be a bit late.' Usually contracted into ~Moor'n~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Apple-bout=. An apple-dumpling. (Cf. ~Hop-about~.)--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Apple-owling=. Knocking down the small worthless fruit, or

+'griggles,' left on the trees after the apple crop has been gathered

+in. See ~Howlers~, ~Owlers~, and ~Owling~.--N.W.

+

+=Aps=. _Populus tremula_, L., Aspen; always so called by woodmen.

+This is the oldest form of the word, being from A.S. _�ps_, and is in

+use throughout the south and west of England. In _Round About a Great

+Estate_, ch. i. it is misprinted _asp_.--N.W.

+

+=Arg=. To argue, with a very strong sense of contradiction implied

+(S.). 'Dwoan't 'ee arg at I like that! I tell 'ee I zeed 'un!' See

+~Down-arg~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Arms=. 'The arms of a waggon,' such parts of the axle-tree as go

+into the wheels (_Cycl. of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Arra=, =Arra one=, =Arn=. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=Array=, ='Ray=. To dress and clean corn with a sieve (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Arsmart=. _Polygonum Hydropiper_, L., and _P. Persicaria_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Ashore=, =Ashar=, =Ashard=. Ajar. 'Put the door ashard when you goes

+out.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ashweed=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Astore=. An expletive, as 'she's gone into the street _astore_'

+(H.). Perhaps connected with _astoor_, very soon, Berks, or _astore_,

+Hants:--

+

+    'The duck's [dusk] coming on; I'll be off in _astore_.'

+

+                             _A Dream of the Isle of Wight._

+

+It might then mean either 'this moment' or 'for a moment.'

+

+=At=. (1) 'At twice,' at two separate times. 'We'll ha' to vetch un

+at twice now.'--N.W. (2) 'Up at hill,' uphill. 'Th' rwoad be all up

+at hill.'--N.W.

+

+=Athin=. Within (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Athout=. Without; outside (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Attercop=. A spider. A.S. _atter-coppa_.--N.W. (Monkton Farleigh),

+still in use. Mr. Willis mentions that _Edderkop_ is still to be

+heard in Denmark.

+

+*=Attery=. Irascible (A.B.).

+

+=Away with=. Endure. This Biblical expression is still commonly used

+in Wilts. 'Her's that weak her can't away with the childern at no

+rate!'

+

+=Ax=. To ask (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Axen=. Ashes (A.B.); =Acksen= (_MS. Lansd._: G.H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+

+=Babies'-shoes=. _Ajuga reptans_, L., Common Bugle.--S.W.

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. (1) Wild Scabious (A.B.), _Scabiosa arvensis_,

+L., _S. Columbaria_, L., and perhaps _S. succisa_, L.--N.W. (2)

+_Corchorus Japonica_ (_Kerria Japonica_, L.).--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Back-friends=. Bits of skin fretted up at the base of the

+finger-nails.--N.W.

+

+*=Backheave=. To winnow a second time (D.).

+

+=Backside=. The back-yard of a house (A.B.).--N. & S.W., now obsolete.

+

+=Backsword=. A kind of single-stick play (A.H.Wr.). Obsolete, the

+game being only remembered by the very old men. For an account of it

+see _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi.--N.W.

+

+=Bacon=. To 'strick bacon,' to cut a mark on the ice in sliding; cf.

+to strike a 'candle.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bacon-and-Eggs=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Also

+called Eggs-and-Bacon.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bad, Bod=. To strip walnuts of their husks (A.B.H.Wr.); cf. E.

+_pod_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Badge=. _v._ To deal in corn, &c. See ~Badger~.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1576. Md. that I take order of the Badgers that they do name

+    the places where the Badgers do use to badge before they

+    resieve their lycens.... Md. to make pces [process] against all

+    the Badgers that doe badge without licence.'--Extracts from

+    Records of Wilts Quarter Sessions, _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xx. 327.

+

+*=Badger=. A corn-dealer (A.B.); used frequently in old accounts in

+N. Wilts, but now obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm for stayeinge Badgers & keepinge a note of there

+    names viijd.'--F. H. Goldney, _Records of Chippenham_, p. 202.

+

+Compare _bodger_, a travelling dealer (Harrison's _Description of

+England_, 1577), and _bogging_, peddling, in Murray. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Bag=. (1) _v._ To cut peas with a double-handed hook. Cf. ~Vag~.

+

+    'They cannot mow it with a sythe, but they cutt it with such a

+    hooke as they bagge pease with.'--Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+    p. 51, ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _n._ The udder of a cow (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bake, Beak=. (1) _v._ To chop up with a mattock the rough surface

+of land that is to be reclaimed, afterwards burning the parings

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii). See ~Burn-beak~. *(2) _n._ The curved

+cutting mattock used in 'beaking' (_Ibid._ ch. xii). (3) _n._ The

+ploughed land lying on the plat of the downs near Heytesbury, in

+Norton Bavant parish, is usually known as the ~Be�k~, or ~Bake~,

+probably from having been thus reclaimed. In the Deverills parts of

+many of the down farms are known as the ~Bake~, or, more usually, the

+~Burn-bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning,

+covered with 'flare.' See ~Faggot~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Ballarag, Bullyrag=. To abuse or scold at any one (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Balm of Gilead=. _Melittis Melissophyllum_, L., Wild Balm.

+

+=Bams=. Rough gaiters of pieces of cloth wound about the legs,

+much used by shepherds and others exposed to cold weather. Cf.

+~Vamplets~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The old man ... had bams on his legs and a sack fastened over

+    his shoulders like a shawl.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p.

+    141.

+

+=Bandy=. (1) A species of Hockey, played with _bandy sticks_ and a

+ball or piece of wood.--N. & S.W. (2) A crooked stick (S.).

+

+=Bane=. Sheep-rot (D.). ~Baned.~ Of sheep, afflicted with rot

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bang-tail=, or =Red Fiery Bang-tail=. _Phoenicurus ruticilla_, the

+Redstart.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+*=Bannet-hay=. A rick-yard (H.Wr.).

+

+=Bannis=. _Gasterosteus trachurus_, the Common Stickleback

+(A.B.H.Wr.). Also ~Bannistickle~ (A.B.), ~Bantickle~ (A.Wr.),

+and *~Bramstickle~ (S.). 'Asperagus (_quoedam piscis_) a

+ban-stykyll.'--_Ortus Vocab._ A.S. _b�n_, bone, and _sticels_,

+prickle. (See N.E.D.).--S.W.

+

+*=Bannut=. Fruit of _Juglans regia_, L., the Walnut (A.B.).

+

+=Bantickle=. See ~Bannis~.

+

+*=Barber's Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel (Flower's

+_Flora of Wilts_). Also Brushes.--N.W.

+

+=Bargain=. A small landed property or holding. 'They have always been

+connected with that little bargain of land.'--N.W., still in use.

+Sir W. H. Cope, in his _Hants Glossary_, gives '_Bargan_, a small

+property; a house and garden; a small piece of land,' as used in N.

+Hants.

+

+=Barge=. (1) _n._ The gable of a house. Compare architectural

+_Barge-boards_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _v._ Before a hedge can

+be 'laid,' all its side, as well as the rough thorns, brambles, &c.,

+growing in the ditch, must be cut off. This is called 'barging out'

+the ditch.--N.W.

+

+=Barge-hook=. The iron hook used by thatchers to fasten the straw to

+the woodwork of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Barge-knife=. The knife used by thatchers in trimming off the straw

+round the eaves of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bargin=. The overgrowth of a hedge, trimmed off before 'laying.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Barken=. The enclosed yard near a farm-house (A.B.); ~Rick-Barken~,

+a rick-yard (A.), also used without prefix in this sense (_Wilts

+Tales_, p. 121).

+

+    'Barken, or Bercen, now commonly used for a yard or backside in

+    Wilts ... first signified the small croft or close where the

+    sheep were brought up at night, and secured from danger of the

+    open fields.'--Kennett's _Parochial Antiquities_.

+

+~Barton~ was formerly in very common use, but has now been displaced

+by _Yard_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barley-bigg=. A variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, p. 304).

+

+*=Barley-Sower=. _Larus canus_, the Common Gull (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+534).

+

+=Barm=. The usual Wilts term for yeast (A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barn-barley=. Barley which has never been in rick, but has been

+kept under cover from the first, and is therefore perfectly dry and

+of high value for malting purposes (_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152).

+

+=Basket=. In some parts of S. Wilts potatoes are sold by the

+'basket,' or three-peck measure, instead of by the 'sack' or the

+'bag.'

+

+=Baskets=. _Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort Plantain.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.)

+

+=Bat-folding net=. The net used in 'bird-batting,' q.v. (A.): more

+usually 'clap-net.'

+

+=Bat-mouse=. The usual N. Wilts term for a bat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Batt=. A thin kind of oven-cake, about as thick as a tea-cake, but

+mostly crust.--N.W.

+

+*=Battledore-barley=. A flat-eared variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts

+MS._, p. 304: H.Wr.).

+

+=Baulk=. (1) ~Corn-baulk.~ When a 'land' has been accidentally passed

+over in sowing, the bare space is a 'baulk,' and is considered as

+a presage of some misfortune.--N.W. (2) A line of turf dividing a

+field.--N.W.

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+=Bavin=. An untrimmed brushwood faggot (A.B.S.): the long ragged

+faggot with two withes, used for fencing in the sides of sheds and

+yards; sometimes also applied to the ordinary faggot with one withe

+or band.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bawsy=, =Borsy=, or =Bozzy=. Coarse, as applied to the fibre of

+cloth or wool. 'Bozzy-faced cloth bain't good enough vor I.'--S.W.

+(Trowbridge, &c.)

+

+=Bay=. (1) _n._ A dam across a stream or ditch.--N.W. (2) _v._ 'To

+bay back water,' to dam it back.--N.W. (3) _n._ The space between

+beam and beam in a barn or cows' stalls.--N.W.

+

+*=Beads=. _Sagina procumbens_, L., Pearlwort.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Beak=. See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Bearsfoot=. Hellebore.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Beat=. 'To beat clots,' to break up the hard dry lumps of old

+cow-dung lying about in a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Becall=. To abuse, to call names. 'Her do becall I shameful.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Bedwind=, =Bedwine=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-flower=. _Ophrys apifera_, Huds., Bee Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-pot=. A bee-hive.--S.W.

+

+    'Lore ta zee zom on'ms hair,

+    Like girt bee pots a hanging there.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 43.

+

+=Been=, =Bin=. Because, since; a corruption of _being_ (B.S.). 'Bin

+as he don't go, I won't.'--N.W.

+

+=Bees=. A hive is a ~Bee-pot~. ~Bee-flowers~ are those purposely

+grown near an apiary, as sources of honey. Of swarms, only the first

+is a ~Swarm~, the second being a ~Smart~, and the third a ~Chit~. To

+follow a swarm, beating a tin pan, is ~Ringing~ or ~Tanging~.--N.W.

+

+*=Beet=. To make up a fire (A.B.C.G.). A.S. _b�tan_, to better; to

+mend a fire (Skeat).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Beetle=. (1) The heavy double-handed wooden mallet used in

+driving in posts, wedges, &c. ~Bittle~ (A.H.). ~Bwytle~ (S.). Also

+~Bwoitle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'On another [occasion] (2nd July, 25 Hen. VIII) ... William

+    Seyman was surety ... for the re-delivery of the tools,

+    "cuncta instrumenta videlicet Beetyll, Ax, Matock, and

+    Showlys."'--_Stray Notes from the Marlborough Court Books_,

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xix. 78.

+

+(2) The small mallet with which thatchers drive home their

+'spars.'--S.W.

+

+*=Beggar-weed=. _Cuscuta Trifolii_, Bab., Dodder; from its

+destructiveness to clover, &c. (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Bellock=. (1) To cry like a beaten or frightened child

+(A.B.).--N.W., rarely. (2) To complain, to grumble (_Dark_, ch.

+x.).--N.W.

+

+*=Belly vengeance=. Very small and bad beer.--N.W.

+

+    'Beer of the _very smallest_ description, real "belly

+    vengeance."'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 40.

+

+Cf.:--

+

+    'I thought you wouldn't appreciate the widow's tap.... Regular

+    whistle-belly vengeance, and no mistake!'--_Tom Brown at

+    Oxford_, xl.

+

+=Belt=. To trim away the dirty wool from a sheep's

+hind-quarters.--N.W.

+

+*=Bennet=. _v._ Of wood-pigeons, to feed on bennets (A.).

+

+    'They have an old rhyme in Wiltshire--

+

+        "Pigeons never know no woe

+        Till they a-benetting do go;"

+

+    meaning that pigeons at this time are compelled to feed on the

+    seed of the bent, the stubbles being cleared, and the crops not

+    ripe.'--_Akerman._

+

+=Bennets=, =Bents=. (1) Long coarse grass or rushes (B.).--N.W. (2)

+Seed-stalks of various grasses (A.); used of both withered stalks of

+coarse grasses and growing heads of cat's-tail, &c.--N. & S.W. (3)

+Seed-heads of Plantain, _Plantago major_, L., and _P. lanceolata_,

+L.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bents=. See ~Bennets~.

+

+=Bercen= (_c_ hard). See ~Barken~. 'This form of the word is given in

+_MS. Gough_, _Wilts_, 5, as current in Wilts' (H.K.Wr.).

+

+=Berry=. The grain of wheat (D.); as 'There's a very good berry

+to-year,' or 'The wheat's well-berried,' or the reverse. See _Old

+Country Words_, ii. and v.--N.W.

+

+=Berry-moucher=. (1) A truant. See ~Blackberry-moucher~ and ~Moucher~

+(A.).--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Moochers~.--N.W. (Huish.) Originally applied to children who went

+mouching from school in blackberry season, and widely used in this

+sense, but at Huish--and occasionally elsewhere--virtually confined

+to the berries themselves: often corrupted into ~Penny-moucher~

+or ~Perry-moucher~ by children. In _English Plant Names_ Mochars,

+_Glouc._, and Mushes, _Dev._, are quoted as being similarly applied

+to the fruit, which is also known as Mooches in the Forest of Dean.

+See Hal., sub. _Mich._

+

+=Besepts=. Except.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've a-got

+    narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts this!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 138.

+

+=Besom=, =Beesom=, =Bissom=, &c. A birch broom (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Betwit=. To upbraid (A.B.).

+

+=Bide=. (1) To stay, remain (A.S.). 'Bide still, will 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) To dwell (A.). 'Where do 'ee bide now, Bill?'

+'Most-in-general at 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bill Button=. _Geum rivale_, L., Water Avens.--S.W.

+

+=Bin=. See ~Been~.

+

+=Bird-batting=. Netting birds at night with a 'bat-folding' or

+clap-net (A.B., Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 15, ed. Brit.).

+Bird-battenen (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. (1) _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.

+& S.W. (2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W. (3)

+_Veronica officinalis_, L., Common Speedwell.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Bird's-nest=. The seed-head of Daucus Carota, L., Wild Carrot.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'The flower of the wild carrot gathers together as the seeds

+    mature, and forms a framework cup at the top of the stalk, like

+    a bird's-nest. These "bird's-nests," brown and weather-beaten,

+    endured far into the winter.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vii. p. 137.

+

+    'The whole tuft is drawn together when the seed is ripe,

+    resembling a bird's nest.'--_Gerarde._

+

+=Bird-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird-squoilin=. See ~Squail~ (S.).

+

+=Bird-starving=. Bird-keeping.--N.W.

+

+    'This we call bird-keeping, but the lads themselves, with

+    an appreciation of the other side of the case, call it

+    "bird-starving."'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Birds'-wedding-day=. St. Valentine's Day.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Bishop-wort=. _Mentha aquatica_, L., Hairy Mint.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Bissom=. See ~Besom~.

+

+=Bittish=. _adj._ Somewhat. ''Twer a bittish cowld isterday.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bittle=. See ~Beetle~.

+

+=Biver=. To tremble, quiver, shiver as with a cold or fright (S.).

+Cp. A.S. _bifian_, to tremble.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Bivery=. _adj._ Shivery, tremulous. When a baby is just on the verge

+of crying, its lip quivers and is 'bivery.'--N.W.

+

+=Blackberry-moucher=. (1) A truant from school in the blackberry

+season (H.). See ~Berry-moucher, Mouch~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+    'A blackberry moucher, an egregious truant.'--_Dean Milles'

+    MS._, p. 180.

+

+(2) Hence, the fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Berry-moucher, Moochers~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+*=Blackberry-token=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Black-Bess=. See ~Black-Bob~.

+

+=Black-Bob=. A cockroach (S.). ~Black-Bess~ on Berks border.--S.W.

+

+=Black-boys=. (1) Flower-heads of Plantain.--N.W. (Huish.) (2) _Typha

+latifolia_, L., Great Reedmace.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+*=Black Couch=. A form of _Agrostis_ that has small wiry blackish

+roots (D). _Agrostis stolonifera._

+

+=Black Sally=. _Salix Caprea_, L., Great Round-leaved Sallow, from

+its dark bark (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv). Clothes-pegs are made from

+its wood.--N.W.

+

+*=Black Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, Great Spotted Woodpecker (_Birds

+of Wilts_, p. 253). Also known as the Gray Woodpecker.

+

+=Blades=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Blare, Blur=. To shout or roar out loudly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blatch=. (1) _adj._ Black, sooty (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _n._ Smut, soot.

+'Thuc pot be ael over blatch.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To blacken. 'Now dwon't

+'ee gwo an' blatch your ve�ce wi' thuc thur dirty zoot.'--N.W.

+

+=Bleachy=. Brackish.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Bleat=. Bleak, open, unsheltered. 'He's out in the bleat,'

+i.e. out in the open in bad weather. See K for examples of

+letter-change.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bleeding Heart=. _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L., the red Wallflower

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-hole=. _n._ A rabbit hole which ends in undisturbed soil,

+as opposed to a Pop-hole, q.v. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi. p.

+120).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. A lock-up.

+

+    '1629. Item paied for makeing cleane the blind-house

+    vijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 204.

+

+=Blind-man=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, L., &c., the Red Poppy, which is

+locally supposed to cause blindness, if looked at too long.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Blink=. A spark, ray, or intermittent glimmer of light (A.B.). See

+~Flunk~.

+

+*=Blinking=. This adjective is used, in a very contemptuous sense, by

+several Wilts agricultural writers.

+

+    'A short blinking heath is found on many parts [of the

+    downs].'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    ~Compare:--~

+

+    ''Twas a little one-eyed blinking sort o' place.'--_Tess of the

+    D'Urbervilles_, vol. i. p. 10.

+

+*=Blissey=. A blaze (A.H.Wr.). A.S. _blysige_, a torch.

+

+=Blobbs, Water Blobs=. Blossoms of _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water

+Lily (A.B.); probably from the swollen look of the buds. Cf. ~Blub

+up~.

+

+=Blood-alley=. A superior kind of alley or taw, veined with deep red,

+and much prized by boys (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bloody Warr= The dark-blossomed Wallflower, _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L.

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blooens=. See ~Bluens~.

+

+=Bloom=. Of the sun; to shine scorchingly (B.); to throw out heat as

+a fire. 'How the sun do bloom out atween the clouds!'--N.W.

+

+=Blooming=. Very sultry, as ''Tis a main blooming day.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Bloomy=. Sultry. ~Bloomy-hot.~ Excessively sultry (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Blooth, Blowth=. Bloom or blossom.--S.W.

+

+=Blossom=. A snow-flake. 'What girt blossoms 'twer to the snow

+isterday!'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Snow-flakes are called "blossoms." The word snow-flake is

+    unknown.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Blow=. Sheep and cattle 'blow' themselves, or get 'blowed,' from

+over-eating when turned out into very heavy grass or clover, the

+fermentation of which often kills them on the spot, their bodies

+becoming terribly inflated with wind. See the description of the

+'blasted' flock, in _Far from the Madding Crowd_, ch. xxi.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blowing=. A blossom (A.B.H.Wr.). See ~Bluen~.--N.W.

+

+=Blowth=. See ~Blooth~.

+

+=Blub up=. To puff or swell up. A man out of health and puffy about

+the face is said to look 'ter'ble blubbed up.' Cf. Blobbs.--N.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'My face was blown and blub'd with dropsy wan.'--_Mirror for

+    Magistrates._

+

+=Blue Bottle=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Buttons=. (1) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(2) _S. Columbaria_, L., Small Scabious.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Cat=. One who is suspected of being an incendiary. 'He has the

+name of a blue cat.' See ~Lewis's Cat~.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Blue Eyes=. _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.W.

+

+=Blue Goggles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf. ~Greygles~

+or ~Greggles~.--S.W.

+

+=Bluen= or =Blooens=. _pl._ Blossoms (S.). Also used in Devon.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Blue-vinnied=. Covered with blue mould. See Vinney. Commoner in

+Dorset as applied to cheese, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blunt=. 'A cold blunt,' a spell of cold weather. See Snow-blunt.

+Compare _Blunk_, a fit of stormy weather, which is used in the East

+of England.--N.W.

+

+=Blur=. See ~Blare~. In Raleigh's account of the fight in Cadiz Bay,

+he says that as he passed through the cross-fire of the galleys

+and forts, he replied 'with a blur of the trumpet to each piece,

+disdaining to shoot.'

+

+=Board=. To scold, to upbraid. 'Her boarded I just about.'--S.W.

+(occasionally.)

+

+=Boar Stag=. A boar which, after having been employed for breeding

+purposes for a time, is castrated and set aside for fattening (D.).

+Cf. ~Bull Stag~.--N.W.

+

+=Boat=. Children cut apples and oranges into segments, which they

+sometimes call 'pigs' or 'boats.'

+

+=Bob=. In a timber carriage, the hind pair of wheels with the long

+pole or lever attached thereto.--N.W. In Canada 'bob-sleds' are used

+for drawing logs out of the woods.

+

+*=Bobbant=. Of a girl, romping, forward (A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bobbish=. In good health (A.B.S.). 'Well, an' how be 'ee to-day?'

+'Purty bobbish, thank 'ee.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bob-grass=. _Bromus mollis_, L.--S.W.

+

+*=Bochant=. The same as ~Bobbant~ (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Bod=. See ~Bad~.

+

+=Boistins=. The first milk given by a cow after calving (A.). See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Beestings~).--N.W.

+

+=Bolt=. In basket-making, a bundle of osiers 40 inches round.

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv. p. 69).

+

+=Boltin=, =Boulting=. A sheaf of five or ten 'elms,' prepared

+beforehand for thatching. 'Elms' are usually made up on the spot, but

+are occasionally thus prepared at threshing-time, and tied up and

+laid aside till required, when they need only be damped, and are then

+ready for use. Cf. ~Bolt.~--N.W.

+

+=Bombarrel Tit=. _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii. p. 26). Jefferies considers this a corruption of

+'Nonpareil.'--N.W.

+

+=Book of Clothes=. See ~Buck~ (_Monthly Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Boon Days=. Certain days during winter on which farmers on the

+Savernake estate were formerly bound to haul timber for their

+landlord.

+

+*=Boreshore=. A hurdle-stake (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'This is a kind of hurdle stake which can be used in soft

+    ground without an iron pitching bar being required to bore

+    the hole first for it. Hence it is called bore-shore by

+    shepherds.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Borky=. (Baulky?) Slightly intoxicated.--S.W.

+

+*=Borsy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Bossell=. _Chrysanthemum segetum_, L., Corn Marigold (D.). ~Bozzell~

+(_Flowering Plants of Wilts_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bossy=, =Bossy-calf=. A young calf, whether male or female.--N.W.

+

+=Bottle=. The wooden keg, holding a gallon or two, used for beer in

+harvest-time (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bottle-tit=. _Parus caudatus_, L., the Long-tailed Titmouse.--N.W.

+

+=Bottom=. A valley or hollow in the downs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Boulting=. See ~Boltin~.

+

+=Bounceful=. Masterful, domineering. See ~Pounceful~.--N.W.

+

+=Bourne=. (1) _n._ A valley between the chalk hills; a river in such

+a valley; also river and valley jointly (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In South Wilts they say, such or such a bourn: meaning a

+    valley by such a river.'--Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 28.

+    Ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _v._ In gardening, when marking out a row of anything with pegs,

+you 'bourne' them, or glance along them to see that they are in

+line.--N.W.

+

+=Box= or =Hand-box=. The lower handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw, the

+upper handle being the ~Tiller~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Boy's-love=. _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Boys=. The long-pistilled or 'pin-eyed' flowers of the Primrose,

+_Primula vulgaris_, Huds. See ~Girls~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bozzell=. See ~Bossell~.

+

+*=Bozzy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Brack=. _n._ A fracture, break, crack (S.). 'There's narra brack nor

+crack in 'un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Brain-stone=. A kind of large round stone (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 9, ed. Brit., H.Wr.). Perhaps a lump of water-worn fossil

+coral, such as occasionally now bears this name among N. Wilts

+cottagers.

+

+*=Bramstickle=. See ~Bannis~ (S.).

+

+=Brandy-bottles=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water-lily.--S.W.

+(Mere, &c.)

+

+=Brave=. _adj._ Hearty, in good health (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (1) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow

+Toadflax.--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common

+Mallow (S.).--S.W. (3) Young leaves and shoots of _Crataegus

+Oxyacantha_, L., Hawthorn, eaten by children in spring (_English

+Plant Names_).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Bread-board=. The earth-board of a plough (D.). ~Broad-board~ in N.

+Wilts.

+

+=Break=. To tear. 'She'll break her gownd agen thuc tharn.' You still

+_break_ a bit of muslin, but to _tear_ a trace or a plate now grows

+obsolete.--N.W. Similarly used in Hants, as

+

+    'I have _a-torn_ my best decanter ... have _a-broke_ my fine

+    cambrick aporn.'--COPE'S _Hants Glossary_.

+

+=Brevet=, =Brivet=. (1) To meddle, interfere, pry into.--N.W.

+

+    'Who be you to interfere wi' a man an' he's vam'ly? Get awver

+    groundsell, or I'll stop thy brevettin' for a while.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xix.

+

+(2) _To brevet about_, to beat about, as a dog for game (A.).--N.W.

+Also ~Privet~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    '_Brivet_, a word often applied to children when they wander

+    about aimlessly and turn over things.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+    1893.

+

+*(3) To pilfer. 'If she'll brevet one thing, she'll brevet

+another.'--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+=Bribe=. To taunt, to bring things up against any one, to scold.

+'What d'ye want to kip a-bribing I o' that vur?'--N.W.

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) To rub grain out in the hand.--N.W. (2) To

+drop out of the husk, as over-ripe grain (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Brivet=. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Brize=. To press heavily on, or against, to crush down (S.). A

+loaded waggon 'brizes down' the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Broad-board=. See ~Bread-board~.

+

+=Broke-bellied=. Ruptured.--N.W.

+

+=Brook-Sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler; from one

+of its commonest notes resembling that of a sparrow (_Great Estate_,

+ch. vii; _Wild Life_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+    'At intervals [in his song] he intersperses a chirp, exactly

+    the same as that of the sparrow, a chirp with a tang in it.

+    Strike a piece of metal, and besides the noise of the blow,

+    there is a second note, or tang. The sparrow's chirp has such

+    a note sometimes, and the sedge-bird brings it in--tang,

+    tang, tang. This sound has given him his country name of

+    brook-sparrow.'--JEFFERIES, _A London Trout_.

+

+=Brow=. (1) _adj._ Brittle (A.B.C.H.Wr.); easily broken. Vrow at

+Clyffe Pypard. Also ~Frow~.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A fragment (_Wilts Arch.

+Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Brown=. 'A brown day,' a gloomy day (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bruckle=. (Generally with _off_ or _away_.) _v._ To crumble away, as

+some kinds of stone when exposed to the weather (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 109); to break off easily, as the dead leaves on a dry

+branch of fir. Compare _brickle_=brittle (_Wisdom_, xv. 13), A.S.

+_brucol_=apt to break.--N.W.

+

+=Bruckley=. _adj._ Brittle, crumbly, friable, not coherent (S.).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Brush=. 'The brush of a tree,' its branches or head.--N.W.

+

+=Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. See

+~Clothes-brush~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bubby-head=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buck=. A 'buck,' or 'book,' of clothes, a large wash--N.W.

+

+=Bucking=. A quantity of clothes to be washed (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Buddle=. To suffocate in mud. 'There! if he haven't a bin an'

+amwoast buddled hisel' in thuck there ditch!' Also used in Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Budgy=. Out of temper, sulky. A softened form of _buggy_,

+self-important, churlish, from the Old English and provincial

+_budge_, grave, solemn, &c. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 42

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. Cp. Milton,

+

+    'Those budge doctors of the stoic fur.'--_Comus._

+

+=Bullpoll=, =Bullpull=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., the rough tufts of

+tussocky grass which grow in damp places in the fields, and have to

+be cut up with a heavy hoe (_Great Estate_, ch. ii; _Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Bull Stag=. A bull which, having been superannuated as regards

+breeding purposes, is castrated and put to work, being stronger than

+an ordinary bullock. Cf. ~Boar Stag~.--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Bulrushes=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; from some

+nursery legend that Moses was hidden among its large leaves.--S.W.,

+rarely.

+

+=Bumble-berry=. Fruit of _Rosa canina_, L., Dog-rose.--N.W.

+

+=Bunce=. (1) _n._ A blow. 'Gie un a good bunce in the ribs.'--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To punch or strike.--N.W.

+

+=Bunch=. Of beans, to plant in bunches instead of rows (D.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bunny=. A brick arch, or wooden bridge, covered with earth, across a

+'drawn' or 'carriage' in a water-meadow, just wide enough to allow a

+hay-waggon to pass over.--N.W.

+

+=Bunt=. (1) _v._ To push with the head as a calf does its dam's udder

+(A.); to butt; to push or shove up.--(_Bevis_, ch. x.) N.W. (2) _n._

+A push or shove.--N.W. (3) _n._ A short thick needle, as a 'tailor's

+bunt.' (4) _n._ Hence sometimes applied to a short thickset person,

+as a nickname.--S.W.

+

+=Bunty=. _adj._ Short and stout.--N.W.

+

+=Bur=. The sweetbread of a calf or lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Bur'=, =Burrow=, or =Burry=. (1) A rabbit-burrow (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) Any place of shelter, as the leeward side of a hedge (A.C.). 'Why

+doesn't thee coom and zet doon here in the burrow?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Burl=. (1) 'To burl potatoes,' to rub off the grown-out shoots

+in spring.--N.W. (2) The original meaning was to finish off cloth

+or felt by removing knots, rough places, loose threads, and other

+irregularities of surface, and it is still so used in S. Wilts (S.).

+

+=Burn=. 'To burn a pig,' to singe the hair off the dead carcase.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Burn-bake= (or =-beak=). (1) To reclaim new land by paring and

+burning the surface before cultivation (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii). See ~Bake~. (2) To improve old arable land by treating it in

+a similar way (_Ibid._ ch. xii). ~Burn-beke~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 103. Ed. Brit., where the practice is said to have been

+introduced into S. Wilts by Mr. Bishop of Merton, about 1639). (3)

+_n._ Land so reclaimed. See ~Bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Burrow=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+=Burry=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+='Buseful=. Foul-mouthed, abusive.--N.W.

+

+=Bush=. (1) _n._ A heavy hurdle or gate, with its bars interlaced

+with brushwood and thorns, which is drawn over pastures in spring,

+and acts like a light harrow (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bush-harrow a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Butchers' Guinea-pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Guinea-pigs~.--S.W.

+

+=Butter-and-Eggs=. (1) _Narcissus incomparabilis_, Curt., Primrose

+Peerless.--N. & S.W. (2) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax

+(_Great Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttercup=. At Huish applied only to _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L.,

+Lesser Celandine, all other varieties of Crowfoot being 'Crazies'

+there.

+

+=Butter-teeth=. The two upper incisors.--N.W.

+

+=Buttons=. Very young mushrooms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttry=. A cottage pantry (A.B.).--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Butt-shut=. (1) To join iron without welding, by pressing the heated

+ends squarely together, making an imperceptible join (_Village

+Miners_). See ~Shut~. (2) Hence a glaringly inconsistent story or

+excuse is said 'not to butt-shut' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Butty=. A mate or companion in field-work (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=By-the-Wind=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+

+*=Caa-vy= (? Calfy). A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cack=. See ~Keck~.

+

+*=Cack-handed=, *=Cag-handed=. Extremely awkward and unhandy: clumsy

+to the last degree (_Village Miners_). Other dialect words for

+'awkward' are Dev., _cat-handed_, Yorks., _gawk-handed_, and Nhamp.,

+_keck-handed_. Cf. ~Cam-handed~.

+

+=Caddle=. (1) _n._ Dispute, noise, row, contention (A.); seldom or

+never so used now.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'What a caddle th' bist a makin', Jonas!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 82.

+

+    'If Willum come whoam and zees two [candles] a burnin', he'll

+    make a vi-vi-vine caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 42.

+

+(2) _n._ Confusion, disorder, trouble (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a caddle,

+    alang o' they childern.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(3) _v._ To tease, to annoy, to bother (A.B.C.). See ~Caddling~. 'Now

+dwoan't 'e caddle I zo, or I'll tell thee vather o' thee!' 'I be main

+caddled up wi' ael they dishes to weish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    ''Tain't no use caddlin I--I can't tell 'ee no more.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. viii.

+

+(4) _v._ To hurry. 'To caddle a horse,' to drive him over-fast.--N.W.

+(5) _v._ To loaf about, only doing odd jobs. 'He be allus a caddlin'

+about, and won't never do nothin' reg'lar.'--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To

+mess about, to throw into disorder. 'I don't hold wi' they binders

+[the binding machines], they do caddle the wheat about so.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Caddlesome=. Of weather, stormy, uncertain. ''T 'ull be a main

+caddlesome time for the barley.'--S.W.

+

+=Caddling=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, stormy, uncertain.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_adj._ Quarrelsome, wrangling (C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear, Zo up a snapped the

+    caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+    'A cadling fellow, a wrangler, a shifting, and sometimes an

+    unmeaning character.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) _adj._ Meddlesome (S.), teasing (_Monthly Mag._, 1814);

+troublesome, worrying, impertinent (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Little Nancy was as naisy and as caddlin' as a wren, that a

+    was'.--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+*(4) Chattering (_Monthly Mag._, 1814): probably a mistake.

+

+=Caffing rudder=. See ~Caving rudder~.

+

+*=Cag-handed=. See ~Cack-handed~.

+

+=Cag-mag=. Bad or very inferior meat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cains-and-Abels=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Columbine.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+*=Calf-white=. See ~White~.

+

+=Call=. Cause, occasion. 'You've no call to be so 'buseful'

+[abusive].--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call home=. To publish the banns of marriage (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd

+    _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--SLOW.

+

+*=Callow-wablin=. An unfledged bird (A.).--S.W.

+

+=Callus-stone=. A sort of gritty earth, spread on a board for

+knife-sharpening (Wilts Arch. Mag. vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+(Cherhill, &c.)

+

+=Calves'-trins=. Calves' stomachs, used in cheese-making. A.S.

+_trendel_. See ~Trins~. Halliwell and Wright give _'Calf-trundle_,

+the small entrails of a calf.'--N.W.

+

+*=Cam=. Perverse, cross. Welsh _cam_, crooked, wry.--N.W.

+

+    'A 's as cam and as obstinate as a mule.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    138.

+

+    'They there wosbirds [of bees] zimd rayther cam and

+    mischievul.'--_Springtide_, p. 47.

+

+=Cam-handed=. Awkward.--N.W.

+

+*=Cammock=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow (D.).

+

+=Cammocky=. Tainted, ill-flavoured, as cheese or milk when the cows

+have been feeding on cammock. See ~Gammotty~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Canary-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Candle=. 'To strike a candle,' to slide, as school-boys do, on the

+heel, so as to leave a white mark along the ice.--S.W.

+

+=Cank=. To overcome (H.Wr.): perhaps a perversion of _conquer_. The

+winner 'canks' his competitors in a race, and you 'cank' a child when

+you give it more than it can eat.--N.W.

+

+=Canker=. Fungus, toadstool (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Canker-berries=. Wild Rose hips. ~Conker-berries~ (S.).--S.W.

+(Salisbury, &c.).

+

+=Canker-rose=. The mossy gall on the Dog-rose, formed by _Cynips

+rosae_; often carried in the pocket as a charm against rheumatism

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Cappence=. The swivel-joint of the old-fashioned flail, _Capel_ in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carpet=. To blow up, to scold; perhaps from the scene of the

+fault-finding being the parlour, not the bare-floored kitchen.

+'Measter carpeted I sheamvul s'marning.' 'I had my man John on the

+carpet just now and gave it him finely.'--N.W.

+

+=Carriage=. A water-course, a meadow-drain (A. B. G. H. Wr.). In S.

+Wilts the _carriages_ bring the water into and through the meadow,

+while the _drawn_ takes it back to the river after its work is

+done.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carrier=, =Water-carrier=. A large water-course (_Wild Life_, ch.

+xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carry along=. To prove the death of, to bring to the grave. 'I be

+afeard whe'er that 'ere spittin' o' blood won't car'n along.'--N.W.

+

+=Cart=. 'At cart,' carrying or hauling, as 'We be at wheat cart

+[coal-cart, dung-cart, &c.] to-day.--N.W.

+

+=Casalty=. See ~Casulty~.

+

+=Cass'n=. Canst not (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cassocks=. Couch-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Casulty=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, unsettled, broken (_Green Ferne

+Farm_, ch. i). ~Casalty~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.

+& S.W. (2) Of crops, uncertain, not to be depended on. Plums, for

+instance, are a 'casalty crop,' some years bearing nothing.--N.W.

+

+*=Cat-gut=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf; so called by children when

+drawn out so as to look like fiddle-strings (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Cat-Kidney=. A game somewhat resembling cricket, played with a

+wooden 'cat' instead of a ball.--N.W. (Brinkworth.)

+

+=Cat's-ice=. White ice, ice from which the water has receded.--N. &

+S.W. (Steeple Ashton, &c.).

+

+    'They stood at the edge, cracking the cat's-ice, where the

+    water had shrunk back from the wheel marks, and left the frozen

+    water white and brittle.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 153.

+

+=Cats'-love=. Garden Valerian, on which cats like to roll.--S.W.

+

+*=Cats'-paws=. Catkins of willow while still young and downy.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Cats'-tails=. (1) _Equisetum_, Horse-tail (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ii).--N.W. (2) The catkin of the willow.--N.W. (Lyneham.) (3) The

+catkin of the hazel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Catch=. (1) Of water, to film over, to begin to freeze. ~Keach~,

+~Keatch~, ~Kitch~, or ~Ketch~ (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A bright clear moon is credited with causing the water to

+    "catch"--that is, the slender, thread-like spicules form on

+    the surface, and, joining together, finally cover it.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. xx.

+

+Also see _Bevis_, ch. xl. (2) To grow thick, as melted fat when

+setting again.--N. & S.W. *(3) 'To catch and rouse,' to collect

+water, &c.

+

+    'In the catch-meadows ... it is necessary to make the

+    most of the water by catching and rousing it as often as

+    possible.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xi.

+

+*(4) _n._ The same as Catch-meadow (_Ibid._ ch. xii).

+

+*=Catch-land=. The arable portion of a common field, divided into

+equal parts, whoever ploughed first having the right to first choice

+of his share (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Catch-meadow=, =Catch-work meadow=, or =Catch=. A meadow on the

+slope of a hill, irrigated by a stream or spring, which has been

+turned so as to fall from one level to another through the carriages

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).

+

+=Catching=, =Catchy=. Of weather, unsettled, showery (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. iii. p. 11).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Caterpillar=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+=Cattikeyns=. Fruit of the ash.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Cave=. (1) _n._ The chaff of wheat and oats (D.): in threshing,

+the broken bits of straw, &c. ~Cavin~, ~Cavings~, or ~Keavin~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To separate the short broken straw from

+the grain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cavin, Cavings=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+*=Caving-rake=. The rake used for separating cavings and grain on the

+threshing-floor.

+

+=Caving= (or =Caffing=) =rudder=, or =rudderer=. *(1) The winnowing

+fan and tackle (D.).--S.W. (2) A coarse sieve used by carters to get

+the straw out of the horses' chaff.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cawk=, =Cawket=. To squawk out, to make a noise like a hen

+when disturbed on her nest, &c. 'Ther's our John, s'naw [dost

+know?]--allus a messin' a'ter the wenchin, s'naw--cawin' an'

+cawkettin' like a young rook, s'naw,--'vore a can vly, s'naw,--boun'

+to coom down vlop _he_ war!' ~Caa-kinn~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard; Seagry, &c.)

+

+*=Centry=. _Anagallis tenella_, L., Bog Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Cham=. To chew (A.B.C.S.). 'Now cham thee vittles up well.' An older

+form of _Champ_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Champ=. To scold in a savage snarling fashion. 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo

+an' champ zo at I!' Used formerly at Clyffe Pypard.--N.W.

+

+=Chan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. (1) _v._ Of ground, to crack apart with heat.--N & S.W. (2)

+_n._ A crack in the soil, caused by heat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Charm=. (1) _n._ 'All in a charm,' all talking loud together.

+A.S. _cyrm_, clamour (A.H.S.), especially used of the singing of

+birds. See Kingsley's _Prose Idylls_, i. Also used of hounds in full

+cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thousands of starlings, the noise of whose calling to each

+    other is indescribable--the country folk call it a "charm,"

+    meaning a noise made up of innumerable lesser sounds, each

+    interfering with the other.'--_Wild Life_, ch. xii.

+

+Cp, Milton,

+

+    'Charm of earliest birds.'--_P. L._, ii. 642.

+

+(2) _v._ To make a loud confused noise, as a number of birds, &c.,

+together.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ 'To charm bees,' to follow a swarm of

+bees, beating a tea-tray, &c.--N.W. (Marlborough).

+

+=Chatter-mag=, =Chatter-pie=. A chattering woman.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chawm=, =Chawn=. A crack in the ground (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Cheese-flower=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--S.W.

+

+=Cheeses=. Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chemise=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.) This name was given us as ~Chemise~, but would probably be

+pronounced as ~Shimmy~.

+

+=Cherky=. Having a peculiar dry taste, as beans (_Village

+Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cherry-pie=. _Valeriana officinalis_, L., All-heal, from its

+smell.--S.W.

+

+=Cheure=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chevil= (or =Chevril=) =Goldfinch=. A large variety of goldfinch,

+with a white throat. See _Birds of Wilts_, p. 203, for a full

+description of the bird.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chewree=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chib=. 'Potato-chibs,' the grown-out shoots in spring. See

+~Chimp~.--S.W.

+

+=Chiddlens=, =Chiddlins=. Pigs' chitterlings (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Children of Israel=. *(1) A small garden variety of _Campanula_,

+from the profusion of its blossoms (_English Plant Names_). (2)

+_Malcolmia maritima_, Br., Virginian Stock, occasionally.

+

+=Chilver=, =Chilver-lamb=. A ewe lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Chilver-hog=. A ewe under two years old (D.). The word hog is now

+applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver

+hog sheep. 'Chilver' is a good Anglo-Saxon word, 'cilfer,' and is

+related to the word 'calf.' A chilver hog sheep simply means in the

+dialect of the Vale of Warminster, a female lamb a year old. See

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii. 303.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chimney-sweeps=. Flowering-heads of some grasses.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Chimney-sweepers=. _Luzula campestris_, Willd., Field

+Wood-rush.--N.W.

+

+=Chimp=. (1) _n._ The grown-out shoot of a stored potato (S.); also

+Chib.--S.W. (2) _v._ To strip off the 'chimps' before planting.--S.W.

+

+=Chink=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch; from its note.--S.W.

+

+=Chinstey=. _n._ The string of a baby's cap.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) A

+horse's chin-strap.--S.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Oh! Mo-ather! Her hath chuck'd me wi' tha chingstey [caught

+    me by the back-hair and choked me with the cap-string].'--_The

+    Exmoor Scolding_, p. 17.

+

+=Chip=. The fore-shoot of a plough.--S.W.

+

+=Chipples=. Young onions grown from seed. Cf. ~Gibbles~ and

+~Cribbles~.--S.W.

+

+=Chisley=. _adj._ Without coherence, as the yolk of an over-boiled

+egg, or a very dry cheese. When land gets wet and then dries too

+fast, it becomes chisley. Compare:--'_Chizzly_, hard, harsh and dry:

+_East_,' in Hal.--S.W.

+

+=Chism=. To germinate, to bud (A.B.C.). 'The wheat doesn't make much

+show yet, John.' 'No, zur, but if you looks 'tes aal chisming out

+ter'ble vast.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chit=. (1) _n._ The third swarm of bees from a hive.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bud or spring (A.B.C.). 'The whate be chitting a'ter thease

+rains.'--N.W.

+

+=Chitchat=. _Pyrus Aucuparia_, G�rtn., Mountain Ash.--S.W.

+

+=Chitterlings=. Pigs' entrails when cleaned and boiled (A.B.);

+~Chiddlens~ (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chivy=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Choor=. (1) _v._ To go out as a charwoman (A.); ~Cheure,

+Chewree-ring~ (H.Wr.); ~Char~ (A.S.). Still in use.--N.W. (2) _n._ A

+turn, as in phrase 'One good choor deserves another' (A.). Still in

+use.--N.W.

+

+=Chop=. To exchange (A.B.S.). 'Wool ye chop wi' I, this thing for

+thuck?' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chore=. A narrow passage between houses (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2);

+see N.E.D. (~s.v. Chare~).

+

+=Christian Names=. The manner in which a few of these are pronounced

+may here be noted:--_Allburt_, Albert; _Allfurd_, Alfred; _Charl_ or

+_Chas_, Charles; _Etherd_, Edward; _Rich't_ or _Richet_, Richard;

+_Robbut_, Robert; &c.

+

+=Chuffey=. Chubby. 'What chuffey cheeks he've a got, to be

+showr!'--S.W.

+

+=Chump=. A block of wood (A.B.); chiefly applied to the short lengths

+into which crooked branches and logs are sawn for firewood (_Under

+the Acorns_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ciderkin=, ='Kin=. The washings after the best cider is made.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clacker=. The tongue (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clackers=. A pair of pattens (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clangy=, =Clengy=, or =Clungy=. Of bad bread, or heavy ground,

+clingy, sticky.--N.W.

+

+=Claps=. _n._ and _v._ clasp (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clat=. See ~Clot~.

+

+=Clattersome=, =Cluttersome=. Of weather, gusty.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Claut=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clavy=, =Clavy-tack=. A mantelpiece (A.B.C.).--N.W., now almost

+obsolete. Strictly speaking, _clavy_ is merely the beam which

+stretches across an old-fashioned fireplace, supporting the wall.

+Where there is a mantelpiece, or _clavy-tack_, it comes just above

+the _clavy_.

+

+=Clean=. 'A clean rabbit,' one that has been caught in the nets, and

+is uninjured by shot or ferret, as opposed to a 'broken,' or damaged

+one. (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi. p. 212).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cleat=, =Cleet=. (1) The little wedge which secures the head of an

+axe or hammer.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A patch (A.B.C.).--N.W. *(3) _v._ To

+mend with a patch (A.B.C.)--N.W. *(4) Occasionally, to strengthen by

+bracing (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. Sticky, clammy; applied to imperfectly fermented bread, or

+earth that will not work well in ploughing.--N.W.

+

+=Cleet=. See ~Cleat~.

+

+=Clengy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+=Clim=. To climb (A.S.). A cat over-fond of investigating the

+contents of the larder shelves is a 'clim-tack,' or climb-shelf.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Clinches=. The muscles of the leg, just under the knee-joint.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clinkerbell=. An icicle.--S.W. (Som. bord.) occasionally.

+

+=Clitch=. The groin.--N.W.

+

+=Clite=, =Clit=. (1) _n._ 'All in a clite,' tangled, as a child's

+hair. A badly groomed horse is said to be 'aal a clit.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To tangle. 'How your hair do get clited!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clites=, =Clytes=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass (A.). Usually

+pl., but Jefferies has sing., ~Clite~, in _Wild Life_, ch. ix.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clitty=. Tangled, matted together.--S.W.

+

+=Clock=. A dandelion seed-head, because children play at telling the

+time of day by the number of puffs it takes to blow away all its

+down.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cloddy=. Thick, plump, stout (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Clog-weed=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Clot=. A hard lump of dry cow-dung, left on the surface of a

+pasture. See ~Cow-clat~.--N.W.

+

+    'On pasture farms they beat clots or pick up stones.'--R.

+    JEFFERIES, Letter to _Times_, Nov. 1872.

+

+    '1661. Itm p^d Richard Sheppard & Old Taverner for beating

+    clatts in Inglands, 00. 04. 08.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p.

+    226.

+

+*=Clote=. _n._ _Verbascum Thapsus_, L., Great Mullein (_Aubrey's

+Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Clothes-brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. Cf.

+~Brushes~.--S.W.

+

+=Clottiness=. See ~Cleaty~. Clottishness (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+    'The peculiar churlishness (provincially, "clottiness") of a

+    great part of the lands of this district, arising perhaps from

+    the cold nature of the sub-soil.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+    p. 51.

+

+=Clout=. (1) _n._ A box on the ear, a blow (A.B.C.S.). See ~Clue~.

+'I'll gie thee a clout o' th' yead.'--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To

+strike.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clue=. 'A clue in the head,' a knock on the head (_Village Miners_).

+A box on the ear. Cf. _clow_, Winchester College. See ~Clout~.--N.W.

+

+=Clum=. To handle clumsily (A.B.), roughly, boisterously, or

+indecently (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Clumbersome=. Awkward, clumsy.--N.W.

+

+=Clumper=, =Clumber=. A heavy clod of earth.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Clums=. _pl._ Hands. 'I'll keep out o' thee clums, I'll warnd I

+will!'--N.W. ~Clumps~ is used in S. Wilts in a similar way, but

+generally of the feet (S.), and always implies great awkwardness,

+as 'What be a treadin' on my gownd vor wi' they girt ugly clumps o'

+yourn?'

+

+=Clungy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+*=Cluster-of-five=. The fist. ~Cluster-a-vive~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clutter=. _n._ Disorder, mess, confusion. 'The house be ael in a

+clutter to-day wi' they childern's lease-carn.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cluttered=. (1) 'Caddled,' over-burdened with work and worry.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    '"_Cluttered up_" means in a litter, surrounded with too many

+    things to do at once.'--JEFFERIES, _Field and Hedgerow_, p. 189.

+

+*(2) Brow-beaten. Said to have been used at Warminster formerly.

+

+=Cluttersome=. See ~Clattersome~.

+

+=Cluttery=. Showery and gusty.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyders=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyten=. *(1) _n._ An unhealthy appearance, particularly in

+children (A.B.C.).--N.W., obsolete. *(2) _n._ An unhealthy child

+(C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Clytenish=. _adj._ Unhealthy-looking, pale, sickly

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Clytes=. See ~Clites~.

+

+*=Coath=. Sheep-rot (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cobbler's-knock=. 'To do the cobbler's knock,' to slide on one foot,

+tapping the ice meanwhile with the other.--S.W.

+

+*=Cob-nut=. A game played by children with nuts (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Cockagee=, =Cockygee= (_g_ hard). A kind of small hard sour cider

+apple. Ir. _cac a' gheidh_, goose-dung, from its greenish-yellow

+colour (see N.E.D., ~s.v. Coccagee~).--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Cocking-fork=. A large hay-fork, used for carrying hay from the cock

+into the summer-rick.--S.W.

+

+*=Cocking-poles=. Poles used for the same purpose.--N.W.

+

+=Cockles=. Seed-heads of _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard).

+

+=Cock's Egg=. The small eggs sometimes first laid by pullets.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Cock-shot=. A cock-shy: used by boys about Marlborough and

+elsewhere. 'I say, there's a skug [squirrel]--let's have a cock-shot

+at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cock's-neckling=. 'To come down cock's-neckling,' to fall head

+foremost (H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cock's-nests=. The nests so often built and then deserted by the

+wren, without any apparent cause.--N.W.

+

+*=Cock-sqwoilin=. Throwing at cocks at Shrovetide (A.Wr.). See

+~Squail~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1755. Paid expenses at the Angel at a meeting when the By Law

+    was made to prevent Throwing at Cocks, 0.10.6.'--Records of

+    _Chippenham_, p. 244.

+

+=Cocky-warny=. The game of leap-frog.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Cod-apple=. A wild apple (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xiv. 177).

+

+=Codlins-and-cream=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb; from its smell when crushed in the hand. Cf.

+~Sugar-Codlins~.--S.W.

+

+*=Coglers=. The hooks, with cogged rack-work for lifting or lowering,

+by which pots and kettles were formerly hung over open fireplaces.

+Now superseded by _Hanglers_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Colley=. (1) A collar.--N. & S.W. *(2) Soot or grime from a pot or

+kettle (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'Brief as the lightning in the collied night.'--_Midsummer

+    Night's Dream._

+

+    'Thou hast not collied thy face enough.'--JONSON'S ~Poetaster~.

+

+=Colley-maker=. A saddler. See ~Colley~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Colley-strawker=. A milker or 'cow-stroker.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Colt's-tail=. A kind of cloud said to portend rain.--N.W.

+

+    'The colt's tail is a cloud with a bushy appearance like a

+    ragged fringe, and portends rain.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=Comb=, =Coom=. (1) _n._ The lower ledge of a window (Kennett's

+_Paroch. Antiq._). (2) _n._ Grease from an axle-box, soot, dirt, &c.

+~Koomb~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Comb-and-Brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel.--S.W.

+

+=Combe=, =Coombe=. (1) The wooded side of a hill (D.); used

+occasionally in this sense in both Wilts and Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) A narrow valley or hollow in a hillside. This is the proper

+meaning.--N. & S.W. Used of a narrow valley in the woodlands in

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. i.

+

+=Come of=. To get the better of, to grow out of. 'How weak that child

+is about the knees, Sally!' 'Oh, he'll come o' that all right, Miss,

+as he do grow bigger.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Come to land=. Of intermittent springs, to rise to the surface and

+begin to flow (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W.

+

+=Comical=. (1) Queer-tempered. 'Her's a comical 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) Out of health. 'I've bin uncommon comical to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) Cracky, queer. 'He's sort o' comical in his head, bless 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. 'A cow he's a comical thing to feed; bin he don't take care

+he's very like to choke hisself.'--N.W. (Marlborough.) It should

+be noted that Marlborough folk are traditionally reputed to call

+everything _he_ but a bull, and that they always call _she_!

+

+=Coney-burry=. A rabbit's hole.--S.W. (Amesbury.)

+

+=Coniger=, =Conigre=. This old word, originally meaning a

+rabbit-warren, occurs frequently in Wilts (as at Trowbridge) as the

+name of a meadow, piece of ground, street, &c. See _Great Estate_,

+note to ch. ix.

+

+=Conker-berries=. See ~Canker-berries~.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers= (i.e. _conquerors_). (1) A boy's game, played

+with horse-chestnuts strung on cord, the players taking it in

+turn to strike at their opponent's conk, in order to crack and

+disable it.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2) Hence, the fruit of _Aesculus

+Hippocastanum_, L., Horse-chestnut.--N.W.

+

+=Coob=. A hen-coop (H.): invariably so pronounced.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cooby=. A snug corner. See ~Cubby-hole~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coom=. See ~Comb~.

+

+*=Coombe-bottom=. A valley in a hillside (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+See ~Combe~.

+

+=Coom hedder=. (A.S.). See ~Horses~.

+

+=Coop! Coop!= The usual call to cows, &c., to come in.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coopy-house=. A very small house or cottage (S.). See

+~Cubby-hole~.--S.W.

+

+*=Cooted=. Cut slanting, sloped off, as the ends of the upper part of

+an oblong hay-rick (D.).

+

+    'Hayricks are usually made round; sometimes oblong with cooted

+    ends, not gable ends.'--_Agric. of Wilts._

+

+=Cord=. 'A cord of plocks,' a pile of cleft wood, 8 ft. long and 4

+ft. in girth and width (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Corn-baulk=. See ~Baulk~ (1).

+

+=Corndrake=. _Crex pratensis_, the Landrail; almost invariably so

+called about Warminster and in some parts of N. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Corn-grate=. The Cornbrash formation (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 164).

+

+*=Corn Grit=. Quarrymen's term for one of the building stone beds of

+the Portland series (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+*=Corn Pop=. _Silene inflata_, Sm., Bladder Campion.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Corruptions=. Some of these are curious, and perhaps worth

+recording, as _Rainball_, rainbow (always used at Huish);

+_Lattiprack_, paralytic; _Nuffin-idols_, Love-in-idleness; _Polly

+Andrews_, Polyanthus. Also see _Nolens-volens_. Bronchitis is

+always _Brantitus_, and Jaundice always _The Janders_, plural.

+Persuade is always _Suade_. The crab-apple is usually _Grab_ in N.

+Wilts. At Etchilhampton we find _Plump_ for pump, and _Moth_ for

+moss, while at Huish and elsewhere proud flesh is always _Ploughed

+flesh_. _Pasmet_, parsnip, and the universal _Turmut_, turnip, may

+be noted as illustrating a curious letter-change. _Varley-grassey_,

+gone green, is evidently from verdigris. In _Great Estate_, ch. iv,

+Jefferies traces _Meejick_ ('a sort of a _Meejick'_=anything very

+strange or unusual) back to menagerie. Cavalry becomes _Cavaltry_,

+meaning horsemen, and crockery is usually _Crockerty_. Other more or

+less common perversions of words are _Patty Carey_, Hepatica; _Chiny

+Oysters_, China Aster; _Turkemtime_, turpentine; _Absence_, abscess

+(Cherhill); _Abrupt_, to approve (Huish); _Tiddle_, to tickle;

+_Cribble_, a cripple; _Strive_ (of a tree), to thrive (Steeple

+Ashton); _Hurly-gurly_, a hurdy-gurdy (S.W.); _Midger_, to measure;

+_Cherm_, to churn (_Slow_, S.W.); _Rumsey-voosey_, to rendezvous,

+as 'He went a rumsy-voosing down the lane to meet his sweetheart';

+_Dapcheek_, a dabchick; _Drilly-drally_, to hesitate, to dawdle over

+anything; _Kiddle_, a kettle.

+

+=Couch=, =Cooch=. Couch-grass in general.--N. & S.W. ~Black Couch~,

+_Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~White Couch~, _Triticum repens_ (D.);

+~Couchy-bent~, _Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~Knot Couch~, _Avena

+elatior_.

+

+=Couchy-bent=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=Count=. To expect or think. 'I don't count as he'll come.'--N.W.

+

+*=Coventree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder rose.--S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Coven-tree common about Chalke and Cranbourn Chase; the

+    carters doe make their whippes of it.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, p.

+    56, Ed. Brit.

+

+*=Coward=. _adj._ Pure: used of unskimmed milk. Cf. 'cowed milk,'

+Isle of Wight (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110).--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+*=Cow-baby=. A childish fellow, a simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cow-clap=. A form of ~Cow-clat~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+=Cow-clat=, =Cow-clap=. A pat of cow-dung (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Cow-down=. A cow-common (_Agric. Survey_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cows-and-Calves=. (1) _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (2)

+When a saw has alternately long and short teeth, they are known as

+_cows_ and _calves_ respectively.--N.W.

+

+=Cowshard=. Cow-clat.--N.W.

+

+*=Cowshorne=. Cow-clats. Obsolete.

+

+    'The poore people gather the cowshorne in the

+    meadows.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 192.

+

+*=Cow-white=. See ~White~.

+

+*=Crab=. To abuse (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Compare

+North Eng. _crab_, to provoke, and _crob_, to reproach. Originally

+a hawking term, hawks being said to _crab_ when they stood too

+near and fought one with another. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 81

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Crandum=. The throat (S.).--N.W.

+

+    'I first heard this word near Hungerford, where some farm hands

+    were having a spree. There was a six-gallon jar of beer on the

+    table, which they were continually smacking with their hands,

+    whilst they sang in chorus:--

+

+        "Let it run down yer crandum,

+        An' jolly will we be," &c.

+

+    I have only heard it applied to the human throat, never to that

+    of an animal.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Crap=. Assurance (H.Wr.). There is probably some mistake here.

+

+=Craw=. The crop of a bird; hence, the bosom (A.). 'A spelt th' drenk

+down 's craw,' he spilt it down his bosom (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Crazy=, =Craisey=, =Craizey=. The Buttercup (A.B.H.Wr.). Buttercups

+in general, _Ranunculus acris_, _R. bulbosus_, _R. repens_, and often

+_R. Ficaria_ also, but at Huish never applied to the last-named. In

+Deverill the term _Craizies_ is restricted to the Marsh Marigold. See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Crayse~).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crazy Bets=. (1) The general name all over Wilts for _Caltha

+palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; apparently always pl. in form.

+~Crazy Betties~ (_Great Estate_, ch. ii) and ~Crazy Betseys~ are

+occasionally used, the latter at Little Langford, S.W. Cf. 'Pretty

+Bets,' Oxf. and Nhamp., for Red Spur Valerian and London Pride, and

+'Sweet Betsey,' Kent, for the former. In Glouc. Marsh Marigold is

+merely a _Crazy_.--N. & S.W. *(2) Mr. Slow says that 'Crazy bets'

+is applied to the 'buttercup' in South Wilts. *(3) _Chrysanthemum

+leucanthemum_, L., the Ox-eye Daisy.--S.W. (Hampworth.)

+

+=Crazy-mor=e, =Crazy-mar=, or =Crazy-moir=. (1) _Ranunculus repens_,

+L., Creeping Buttercup. _More_=root or plant.--N.W. (Devizes; Huish.)

+(2) At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., and probably elsewhere, ~Crazy-mar~ means

+a plant of any kind of buttercup.

+

+=Crease=. A ridge-tile.--N.W.

+

+    'From the top of Aland's house ... a slate ridge-crest

+    (or crease, as it is provincially termed) ... was carried

+    northwards about 40 yards.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 378.

+

+=Creed=. _Lemna minor_, L., Duckweed (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+*=Creeny=. Small (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+*=Creeping Jack=. _Sedum_, Stonecrop.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Creeping Jenny=. (1) _Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved

+Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L.,

+Moneywort.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cresset=, =Cressil=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+

+=Crew=. The tang of a scythe-blade, fastening into the

+pole-ring.--N.W.

+

+=Cribble about=. To creep about as old people do.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cribbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. See ~Gibbles~ and

+~Chipples~.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Crick crack=. People who try to talk fine language, and cannot, are

+said to use 'crick crack' words. ~Crick crach~: words not understood

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Crink-crank words are long words--_verba sesquipedalia_--not

+    properly understood. See _Proceedings of Phil. Soc._ v.

+    143-8.'--COPE'S _Hants Gloss_.

+

+=Crink=. A crevice or crack.--N.W.

+

+*=Crippender=. Crupper harness.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Critch=. A deep earthen pan (S.). Also used in Hants. Fr.

+_cruche_.--S.W.

+

+=Crock=. A pot; especially an earthen one (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Croud=. See ~Crowdy~.

+

+=Croupy down=. To crouch down (S.) as children do when playing

+hide-and-seek.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-bells= (pl. used as sing.). _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. This is probably the flower referred to in Aubrey's

+_Wilts_, Roy. Soc. MS., p. 126 (p. 52, ed. Brit.), under the same

+name:--

+

+    'In a ground of mine called Swices ... growes abundantly a

+    plant called by the people hereabout crow-bells, which I never

+    saw any where but there. Mr. Rob. Good, M.A., tells me that

+    these crow-bells have blue flowers, and are common to many

+    shady places in this county.'

+

+=Crowdy=. A kind of apple turnover (S.). ~Croud~ (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-flower=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Crow-hearted=. Young cabbage and broccoli plants that have lost

+their eye or centre are said to be 'crow-hearted.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Crowpeck=. (1) _Scandix Pecten_, L., Shepherd's-needle (D.).--S.W.

+(2) _Ranunculus arvensis_, L., Corn Crowfoot.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Crow's-legs=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--N.W.

+

+=Crump=. To crunch or munch.--N.W.

+

+=Crumplings=, =Crumplens=. Small, imperfectly grown apples.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cubby-hole=. A snug corner, a sheltered place (A.S.). Also ~Cooby~;

+cf. ~Coopy-house~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo=. About Salisbury _Saxifraga granulata_ is known as ~Dry~ (or

+~Dryland~) ~Cuckoo~, and _Cardamine pratensis_ as ~Water Cuckoo~,

+from their respective habitats. The use of _Cuckoo_ in a plant-name

+always implies that it flowers in early spring.

+

+=Cuckoo-flower=. (1) _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo fool=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--N.W. (Broadtown.)

+

+=Cuckoo-gate=. A swing-gate in a V-shaped enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoos=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Cuckoo's bread-and-cheese=. The young shoots of the Hawthorn

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Cuddickwaay=! Order to a horse to 'Come this way.'

+

+=Cue= (1), _n._ An ox-shoe (A.). Only used on flinty lands.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _v._ To shoe an ox.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cull=, or =Tom Cull=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead (A.B.).

+

+=Culls=. Sheep or lambs picked out of the flock, as inferior in size

+or in any other way, and sold. Fairs at which they are sold are

+called '_Cull Fairs_.'--N.W.

+

+=Curdle=. A curl of hair (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Curly-buttons=. Woodlice.--S.W.

+

+=Curly-cob=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Curry-pig=. A sucking pig (H.Wr.). Also ~Cure-pig~.

+

+=Cushion-pink=. _Armeria maritima_, Willd., Thrift; the garden

+variety.--N.W.

+

+*=Cushions=. _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--N. & S.W.

+(Enford, &c.)

+

+*=Cusnation=. An expletive (A.).

+

+    'Ha' done, Jonas! Dwon't 'e be a cussnation vool! I'll call

+    missus!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Cut-finger-leaf=. _Valeriana_, All-heal. The leaves are good for

+application to sluggish sores, whitlows, &c. Mr. Cunnington quotes it

+as _V. dioica_.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Cutty=. _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=D=. (1) In comparatives, &c., _d_ is frequently added to liquids,

+as _coolder_, cooler; _thinder_, thinner; feeldins, feelings; and

+_scholard_, scholar. In _Chronicon Vilodunense_, fifteenth century,

+we find _jaylarde_, a gaoler. (2) It is also used for _th_, as

+_draish_, thresh; _droo_, through; _dree_, three. (3) _D_ not sounded

+after a liquid; examples:--_veel_, field; _vine_, to find; _dreshol_,

+threshold.

+

+=Daak=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Dab=. An expert at anything; sometimes used ironically, as 'He's a

+perfect dab at gardening,' he knows nothing whatever about it.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dabster=. A proficient (A.). See ~Dapster~.--S.W.

+

+=Dack=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Daddick=, =Daddock=. _n._ Rotten wood (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+=Daddicky=. _adj._ Of wood, decayed, rotten (A.B.S.). Cf.

+~Dicky~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Daddy's Whiskers=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Daffy=. The usual name in N.W. for the wild Daffodil.

+

+=Daggled=. See ~Diggled~.

+

+=Daglet=. An icicle (A.H.S.Wr.). See ~Daggled~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thatched roofs are always hung with "daglets" in

+    frost.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dain=. Noisome effluvia (A.B.C.H.Wr.). Formerly applied mainly to

+_infectious_ effluvia, as 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo too nigh thuck there

+chap; he've a had the small-pox, and the dain be in his clothes

+still.' (See _Cunnington MS._). Now used of very bad smells in

+general.--N.W.

+

+=Dainty=. Evil-smelling. 'That there meat's ter'ble dainty.'--N.W.

+

+=Dall=. An expletive (S.).--N.W.

+

+    ''Od dal th' vor'n ungrateful varment!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 50.

+

+=Dandy-goshen=. See ~Dandy-goslings~.

+

+=Dandy-goslings=. (1) _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~, &c.--N.W. (2) _O. Morio_, L., Green-winged Meadow

+Orchis. ~Dandy-goshen~ at Salisbury (_English Plant Names_), also at

+Little Langford.--S.W.

+

+*=Dane=, =Daner=. In Kingston Deverill there was an old man who

+called red-haired men 'Danes,' or 'Daners,' as 'Thee bist a Dane.'

+This being in the centre of the Alfred district, the term may be a

+survival. In Somerset red-haired men are often said to be 'a bit

+touched with the Danes.'

+

+*=Dane's Blood=. _Sambucus Ebulus_, L., Dwarf Elder (Aubrey's _Nat.

+Hist. Wilts_, p. 50, ed. Brit.). It is popularly believed only to

+grow on the ancient battle-fields, and to have sprung originally from

+the blood of the slain Danes.

+

+=Dap=. (1) _v._ To rebound, as a ball.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+rebound of a ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dap on=. To pounce down on, to take unawares.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Daps=. (1) 'He's the daps on his feyther,' the very image of him

+(S.).--S.W. (2) 'He got the daps o' he's feyther,' he has the same

+tricks as his father.--N.W.

+

+    '~Dap~, a hop, a turn. The daps of any one would therefore be

+    his habits, peculiarities, &c.'--JENNINGS, _Somerset Gloss_.

+

+=Dapster=. *(1) A nimble boy.--S.W. (Deverill). (2) A proficient

+(S.). See ~Dab~.--S.W.

+

+*=Dar=. _n._ 'To be struck in a dar, to be astonished or

+confounded.'--_Cunnington MS._ Apparently from O.E. _dare_, to

+frighten birds.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Never hobby so dared a lark.'--BURTON, _Anatomy of Melancholy_.

+

+*=Daver=. To fade, fall down, droop, as flowers or leaves on a hot

+day.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dawk=, =Dack=, =Daak=, =Dauk=. To incise with a jerk, or insert a

+pointed weapon with rapidity (H.Wr.). To stab and tear together as a

+cat's claw does. To puncture.--N.W.

+

+    'Should a savage cat tear out a piece of flesh from the hand,

+    she is said to "dawk" it out. Dawk expresses a ferocious stab

+    and tear combined.'--_Village Miners._

+

+Also used of a baker marking loaves:--

+

+    'Prick it and dack it and mark it with T,

+    And put it in the oven for baby and me.'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+This seems to be identical with A.S. _dalc_, _dolc_, Dutch and Danish

+_dolk_, Icel. _d�lkr_, Germ. _dolch_, all meaning a sharp piercing

+instrument, a skewer, a dagger, &c. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Dead hedge=. A wattled fence (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Dead pen=. A sheep pen is occasionally so called in S. Wilts.

+

+=Dead-roof=. A skilling roof made of bavins and thatched over.--N.W.

+

+=Dead year=. Often used with possessive pronoun, as 'his dead year,'

+the year immediately following his death (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxii. p. 111). A widow should not marry again 'afore the dead year's

+up.'--N.W.

+

+=Deaf-nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., the Dead nettle. Cf.

+~Dunch-nettle~.--S.W.

+

+=Deaf-nut=. A rotten or empty nut. _Deaf_=useless, inactive.--S.W.

+

+=Deedy=. (1) Industrious, busy, as 'He's a deedy man.'--N.W. (2)

+Intent, as 'What bist looking so deedy at?'--N.W.

+

+*=Dee-gee=. Mr. William Cunnington writes us as follows:--

+

+    '"Twas a Dee-gee" was the name of a kind of dance, which our

+    old nurse taught us as children, mostly performed by moving

+    sideways and knocking the feet together.'

+

+This would seem to be a survival of the Elizabethan _heydeguies_. See

+Spenser, _Shepherd's Calendar_, June.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Densher=. To prepare down-land for cultivation by paring and

+burning the turf (Aubrey's _Wilts Nat. Hist._, p. 103, ed. Brit.).

+See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Desight=, =Dissight=. An unsightly object (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Devil-daisy=. _Matricaria Parthenium_, L., Common Feverfew, and

+_Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile, from their daisy-like

+flowers and unpleasant odour.--S.W.

+

+=Devil-in-a-hedge=. _Nigella damascena_, Love in a mist.--N.W.

+

+=Devil-screecher=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. A kind of hairy caterpillar which curls up on being

+touched (_Wild Life_, ch. xvii).--N.W.

+

+    'Devyls-gold-rynge, the colewort worme.'--_Huloet._

+

+    'Oak-egger and fox moths, which children call "Devil's Gold

+    Rings."'--KINGSLEY, _Chalk-stream Studies_.

+

+=Dew-beater=. A man who has large feet, or who turns out his toes, so

+that he brushes the dew off the grass in walking (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'The dew-beaters [early walkers, pioneers] have trod their way

+    for those that come after them.'--HACKET'S _Life of Williams_,

+    i. 57.

+

+=Dew-bi=. A very early breakfast (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dew-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. Also ~Mist-pond~.--N.W.

+

+*=Dewsiers=. The valves of a pig's heart (A.B.G.); a corruption of

+O.F. _jusier_.

+

+=Deyhus=, =Da'us=, =Day'us=. A dairy, a cheese-room (A.B.). From

+_deye_, a dairymaid; Icel. _deigja_ (Skeat). In this and similar

+words, as Brewhouse, Woodhouse, &c., _house_ is always pronounced

+as A.S. _h�s_ (Akerman), the _h_, however, not being invariably

+sounded.--N.W.

+

+=Dibs=. A game played by boys with sheep's dibs or knuckle-bones

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dick-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. Compare Jack-and-his-team.

+

+    'I know the north star; there it is.... And the Great Bear; the

+    men call it Dick and his Team.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vi.

+

+=Dicker=. (1) To bedeck. 'Gels be allus a dickerin' therselves up

+now-a-days.'--N.W. (Huish.) (2) 'As thick as they can dicker,' very

+intimate.--S.W. (Amesbury.) 'All in a dicker (or 'digger'),' very

+close together.--S.W.

+

+=Dicky=. (1) Of vegetables, decayed. (2) Of persons or plants,

+weakly or in ill-health (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Cf.

+~Daddicky~.--N.W.

+

+=Dicky-birds=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+

+=Diedapper=. _Podiceps minor_, the Dabchick; _Divedapper_ in

+Shakespeare. In common use at Salisbury until quite recently. Before

+the streams running through the city were covered over, it was an

+every-day occurrence to see a dripping urchin making for home, with

+an escort of friends at his heels yelling 'Diedapper, Diedapper,

+Diedapper, die!'--S.W.

+

+*=Diggle=. _v._ To grow thickly together. 'They weeds be a coming

+up agen as thick as ever they can diggle.' See ~Dicker~.--N.W.

+(Potterne.).

+

+=Diggled=, =Daggled=. Covered over or hung thickly with anything.

+Compare ~Daglet~. 'Thick may-bush be aal diggled wi' berries.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Diggles=. _n._ Abundance, plenty (S.). 'Let's go a blackberryin';

+there's diggles up Grovely.' See ~Diggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Dill=, =Dill Duck=. A young duck.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dillcup=. _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L., Lesser Celandine (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Diller=. The shaft-horse (H.Wr.). See ~Thiller~.--N.W.

+

+=Dills=. See ~Thills~.

+

+=Dimmets=. Dusk, twilight.--S.W.

+

+=Ding=. To strike violently (_Dark_, ch. xv).--N.W.

+

+=Dishabille=. A labourer's working clothes. The word is not used in

+Wilts in its ordinary sense of undress or negligent costume, but a

+common excuse for not appearing at church is that a man has nothing

+but his _dishabille_ to wear. Fr. _d�shabill�_.--N.W.

+

+=Dishwasher=. (1) _Motacilla flava_, the Yellow Wagtail (A.S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _M. Yarrellii_, the Pied Wagtail (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Do=. 'To do for any one,' to manage or keep house for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dock=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow (A.). Now restricted

+to _Rumex_.

+

+=Dodder=, =Dudder=, =Duther=, &c. (1) _v._ To bewilder, to deafen

+with noise (A.B.H.S.Wr.). 'I be vinny doddered, they childern do

+yop so.'--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ 'All in a dudder,' quite bewildered

+(H.).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To deaden anything, as pain. 'It sort o'

+dudders the pain.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Doddle-grass=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Doddler=. 'A bit of a doddler,' a small boy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? This phrase seems worth noting. At Clyffe Pypard

+a person complaining of loneliness, or the want of sociability or

+kindness amongst the neighbours, will say, 'There isn't one as 'll so

+much as look in and say, "Dog, how beest?"'

+

+=Dog-Cocks=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Compare _Dogs-dibble_

+in N. Devon.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Dog-daisy=. Any large daisy-like white flower, such as

+_Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dogged=. (2 syl.) Very, excessively; as _dogged cute_ (A.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'Maester was dogged deep, but I was deeper!'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    110.

+

+*=Dog out=. To drive out anything, as a sheep out of a quagmire, by

+setting the dog furiously at it (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Dog's-mouth=. _Linaria vulgari_s, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.--N.W.

+

+*=Dom=. A door case (H.Wr.): probably a mistake for _Dorn_ or _Doorn_.

+

+=Domel=. See ~Dumble~.

+

+=Doner=. A man, animal, &c., 'done for' and past hope (S.). 'Thuck

+old sow be a dunner; her 'll be dead afore night.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Donnings=. Clothes (A.B.).

+

+*=Dooke=. (2 syl.) Do ye, will ye. 'Be quiet, dooke' (H.M.Wr.).

+

+    'Obsolete, having been superseded by _do 'ee_. It was

+    pronounced as a dissyllable.'--SKEAT.

+

+=Door-Drapper= (i.e. Dropper or Dripper). The piece of wood fastened

+to the bottom of cottage doors to shoot the water off the 'Dreshol'

+(threshold).--N.W.

+

+*=Doorn=. A door frame (H.Wr.). Also ~Durn~ (S.). At Warminster

+applied only to the sides of a door-frame.--S.W.

+

+=Double=. 'He is a double man,' i.e. bent double with age or

+infirmity.--S.W.

+

+*=Double-Dumb-Nettle=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black Horehound.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Double-ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L.,

+Kidney Vetch.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Double-mound=. A double hedge (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi; _Wild

+Life_, ch. ix. p. 152). See ~Mound~.--N.W.

+

+*=Double Pincushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Doublets=. Twin lambs (_Annals of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. The same as ~Lem-feg~. A Turkey Fig.--N.W.

+

+=Dout=. To put out, as 'Dout the candle' (A.B.S.): to smother or

+extinguish fire by beating.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'An extinguisher "douts" a candle; the heel of a boot "douts"

+    a match thrown down. But the exact definition of "dout" is to

+    smother, or extinguish by beating.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dowl=. The fine down of a bird.--N.W.

+

+    'Coots and moor-hens must be skinned, they could not be plucked

+    because of the "dowl." Dowl is the fluff, the tiny featherets

+    no fingers can remove.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Down=. To tire out, to exhaust. 'That there 'oss's downed.'--N.W.

+(Wroughton.)

+

+=Down-along=. 'He lives down-along,' a little way down the street

+(S.), as opposed to 'up-along.'--S.W.

+

+=Down-arg=. To contradict in an overbearing manner (A.B.S.), to

+browbeat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Down-dacious=. Audacious (S.). 'Her's a right downdacious young

+vaggot, that her is!'--S.W.

+

+*=Down-haggard=. Disconsolate (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Down-hearten=. To feel disheartened. 'A be vurry bad, but I don't

+down-hearten about un.'--N.W.

+

+=Dowse=. A blow (A.B.C.S.), as 'a dowse in the chops.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dowst=. (1) Chaff or cave. ~Dust~ (D.). (2) 'To go to dowst,' go

+to bed, perhaps from _dowst_ (chaff) being used to fill mattresses.

+Heard at Huish occasionally, but not traced elsewhere.

+

+=Dowst-coob=. The chaff cupboard in a stable.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drag=. A harrow (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drail=. (1) In a plough, the iron bow from which the traces draw,

+and by which the furrow is set (D.).--N.W. (2) _Crex pratensis_, the

+Landrail.--N.W.

+

+*=Drainted=. Of dirt, ingrained (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drang=, =Drangway=, =Drung=. (1) A narrow lane. ~Drun~

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. (2) A narrow passage between walls or houses. Drun

+(H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Drangway=. See ~Drang~ (S.).

+

+=Drashel=, =Dreshol=, &c. A flail (D.). The correct term for a flail

+is a _drashel_, but '_a pair o' drashells_' (or 'dreshols') is more

+commonly used, as two men generally work together.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Drattle=. Much talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draught=. A cart-shaft. ~Draats~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draughts=. Hazel-rods selected for hurdle-making (D.). A 'draught'

+is not a rod, but a bundle of long wood suitable for hurdles or

+pea-sticks, bound with a single withe.--N.W.

+

+=Drave=. 'I be slaving an' draving (i.e. working myself to death) for

+he, night and day.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Draw=. (1) A squirrel's dray or nest.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2)

+Rarely applied to a large nest, as a hawk's. Compare:--'_Draw_, to

+build a nest (_Berners_),' an old hawking term.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Drawing=. See ~Drawn~.

+

+=Drawn=. In a water-meadow, the large open main drain which carries

+the water back to the river, after it has passed through the various

+carriages and trenches.--S.W. In every-day use about Salisbury, and

+along the Avon and Wiley from Downton to Codford, but rarely heard

+elsewhere.

+

+    'Many of the meadows on either length [near Salisbury] abound

+    in ditches and "drawns."'--_Fishing Gazette_, July 18, 1891, p.

+    40, col. 2.

+

+    'I ... descried three birds, standing quite still [at Britford]

+    by the margin of a flooded "drawing."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxi.

+    229.

+

+=Dredge=, =Drodge=. Barley and oats grown together.--S.W.

+

+=Dribs-and-Drabs=. Odds and ends. 'All in dribs and drabs,' all in

+tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drieth=. See ~Dryth~.

+

+=Drift=. A row of felled underwood (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Dripple= See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Drive=. Of manure, to stimulate growth. 'Thur, that'll drive th'

+rhubub, _I_ knaws!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drock=. (1) A short drain under a roadway, often made with a hollow

+tree.--N. & S.W. (2) A broad flat stone laid as a bridge across a

+ditch (_Amaryllis at the Fair_).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Drock, a water-way, or sometimes the stone slab over a narrow

+    ditch.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+    '1674. Item Paid Richard Serrell for a Stone to make a

+    Drocke.--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 230.

+

+*(3) A water-course (H.Wr.). A water-way (_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Where meaning a water way, it is usually spoken of as

+    a Drockway, "drock" alone being the passage over the

+    ditch.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+*(4) Used in compounds such as ~Well-drock~, windlass.

+

+=Drockway=. See ~Drock~ (3).

+

+=Drodge=. See ~Dredge~ .

+

+*=Dromedary=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.) (2) _Centaurea Scabiosa_, L., Hardheads.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Dropping=. 'A dropping summer,' one when there is a shower every two

+or three days (_Wild Life_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+=Drove=. A green roadway on a farm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drown=. To turn the water over the meadows.--S.W.

+

+=Drowner=. The man who attends to the hatches, managing the supply

+of water, and turning it on and off the meadows at the proper

+times.--S.W.

+

+*=Drowning-bridge=. A water-meadow sluice-gate (A.B.G.H. Wr.).

+

+=Drowning-carriage=. A large water-course for drowning a meadow. See

+~Carriage~.--S.W.

+

+*=Droy=. A thunderbolt (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Drucked=. Filled to overflowing (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drug=. (1) 'To drug timber,' to draw it out of the woods under a

+pair of wheels (D.).--N.W. (2) 'To drug a wheel,' to put on some kind

+of drag or chain.--N.W.

+

+*=Druid's-hair=. Long moss (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drun=. See ~Drang~ (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drunge=. (1) _n._ A crowd or crush of people (H.Wr.)--N.W. (2) _v._

+To squeeze (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drunkards=. Flowers of _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold;

+probably from the way in which they suck up water when placed in a

+vase. The reason assigned by children for the name is that if you

+look long at them you will be sure to take to drink.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Dry Cuckoo=, or =Dryland Cuckoo=. _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White

+Meadow Saxifrage. See ~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Dryth=, or =Drieth=. Dryness, drought.--N.W.

+

+    '1633. The cryer ... to give warninge to the inhabitants to

+    sett payles of water at their doores in the late tyme of drieth

+    and heate.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 206.

+

+=Dub=. To pelt with stones. 'Just dub that apple down out of the

+tree, will 'ee?' See ~Frog-dubbing~.--S.W.

+

+=Dubbed=. Blunt, pointless (A.B.).

+

+*=Dubbing=. 'A dubbin' o' drenk,' a pint or mug of beer (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dubby=. Oily.--N.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. A very slight white frost.--N.W.

+

+    'That kind of frost which comes on in the early morning, and is

+    accompanied with some rime on the grass--a duck's frost, just

+    sufficient to check fox-hunting.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Duckstone=. A game played by boys with stones (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Dudder=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+=Dudge=. (1) A bundle of anything used to stop a hole.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) *(2) 'Peg the dudge,' tap the barrel (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dudman=. A scarecrow.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dumb-Ague=. A kind of ague which is not accompanied by the usual

+shaking fits. ''Tis what 'ee do caal the dumb-agey.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dumble=. Stupid, dull (A.B.H.Wr.); also ~Domel, Dummel, &c.~--N.W.

+

+    'Severe weather ... makes all wild animals "dummel" in

+    provincial phrase,--i.e. stupid, slow to move.'--_Gamekeeper at

+    Home_, ch. vii.

+

+=Dumbledore=, or =Dumble=. The Humble-bee (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Th' mak'st a noise like a dumbledore in a pitcher.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 68.

+

+=Dumb Nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Dump=. (1) _n._ 'A treacle dump,' a kind of coarse sweetmeat.--S.W.

+(2) _v._ To blunt, as 'I've dumped my scythe against a stone.'--N.W.

+(3) A pollard tree, as 'Ash-dump,' or 'Willow-dump.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dum-put=. See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Dunch=. (1) Deaf (A.B.C.); now rarely so used. In _Cunnington MS._

+said to be at that time the usual N. Wilts term for _deaf_.--N & S.W.

+

+    'Ah! Molly, ye purtends to be as dunch as a bittle, but I

+    kneows 'e hears ev'ry word I zays.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 81.

+

+(2) Stupid, heavy; now the common use. 'The wapses gets dunch' in

+late autumn. A labourer who can't be made to understand orders is

+'dunch.'--N. & S.W. (3) Of bread, heavy (_Wild Life_, ch. vii). Cf.

+~Dunch-dumpling.~--N. & S.W. ~Dunchy~ is frequently used in S. Wilts

+instead of ~Dunch~, but usually means deaf.

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. A hard-boiled flour-and-water dumpling (A.B.C.) See

+~Dunch~ (3).--N.W.

+

+=Dunch-nettle=, =Dunse-nettle=. (1) _Lamium purpureum_, L., Red

+Dead-nettle. ~Dunch~=stupid, inactive. Cf. ~Deaf-nettle~.--S.W. (2)

+_Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Dung-pot=. A dung-cart (D.); rarely ~Dum-put~. See ~Pot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dup=. 'To dup the door,' to open or unfasten it (_Lansd. MS._

+1033).--Obsolete. Cf. :--

+

+    'Then up he rose, and donn'd his clothes,

+    And dupp'd the chamber-door.'--_Hamlet_, iv. 5.

+

+The word now means the very reverse.

+

+=Dutch Elder=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--S.W. (Farley,

+&c.)

+

+=Duther=, =Dutter=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+

+=Ea-grass=. After-grass (D.); Lammas grass as well as aftermath.--S.W.

+

+=Eass= (sometimes =Yees=). An earthworm.--S.W.

+

+*=Edge-growed=. Of barley, both growing and ripening irregularly; the

+result of a want of rain after it is first sown (D.).

+

+=Eel-scrade=. A kind of eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+    'A trap used to catch eels, placed near a weir. The water is

+    turned into the scrade when high, and the fish washed up to

+    a stage through which the water finds an outlet, the fish,

+    however, being retained on the platform by a piece of sloping

+    iron.'--F. M. WILLIS.

+

+=Eel-sticher=. An eel-spear.--S.W.

+

+    'Wishing to secure [a Little Grebe] in summer plumage, I asked

+    the old "drowner" in our meadows to look out for one for

+    me--and this he very soon did, fishing one out from under the

+    water between the spikes of his eel-sticher, as it was diving

+    under the water.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 193.

+

+=Effet=, =Evet=. _Lissotriton punctatus_, the Newt (A.S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'She ... sometimes peered under the sage-bush to look at the

+    "effets" that hid there.'--_Great Estate_, ii.

+

+=Eggs-and-Bacon=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Cf.

+~Bacon-and-Eggs~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Eggs-eggs=. Fruit of the hawthorn.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+*=Elet=. Fuel (H.Wr.). *~Ollit~ (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Elm=, =Helm=, or =Yelm=. (1) _v._ To make up 'elms.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Two or three women are busy "yelming," i.e. separating the

+    straw, selecting the longest and laying it level and parallel,

+    damping it with water, and preparing it for the yokes.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. vi.

+

+(2) _n._ (Almost invariably pl.,'elms' being the usual form). Small

+bundles or handfuls of fresh straw, damped and laid out straight for

+the thatcher's use (_Wild Life_, ch. vi). See _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 111. According to Prof. Skeat _yelm_, seldom now

+used in Wilts, is the correct form, from A.S. _gilm_, a handful.

+About Marlborough it is usually pronounced as _Yelms_, but at Clyffe

+Pypard there is not the slightest sound of _y_ in it. Elsewhere it is

+frequently pronounced as _Ellums_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eltrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (S.). *~Altrot~ at

+Zeals.--S.W.

+

+=Emmet=. The Ant (S.). 'Ant' is never used in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Emmet-heap=. An anthill.--N. & S.W.

+

+=En=. (1) _pl. termination_, as ~Housen~, houses; ~Hipsen~,

+rose-berries; ~Keyn~, keys; ~Facen~, faces; ~Wenchen~, girls;

+~Bluen~, blossoms; ~Naas'n~, nests (rarely heard, _Nestises_ being

+the usual form); ~Pigs'-sousen~, pigs'-ears.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In North Wilts ... the formation of the Plural by affixing

+    _en_ to the Noun is almost universal, as house housen,

+    &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(2) _adj. term._, as ~Harnen~, made of horn; ~Stwonen~, of stone;

+~Elmin~, of elm wood, &c. '~Boughten~ bread,' baker's bread, as

+opposed to home-made. 'A ~dirten~ floor,' a floor made of earth,

+beaten hard. 'A ~tinnin~ pot.' 'A ~glassen~ cup.' ~Boarden~, made of

+boards; ~Treen-dishes~, wooden platters, &c. 'There's some volk as

+thinks to go droo life in glassen slippers.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Almost as universal too is the transformation of the

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as ... a

+    Leatheren Shoe, an elmen Board, &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) See ~Pronouns~.

+

+    'The pronoun Possessive too is formed in the same way, as hisn

+    hern Ourn theirn.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=English Parrot=. _Picus viridis_, the Green Woodpecker (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 251).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Ether=, =Edder=. The top-band of a fence, the wands of hazel, &c.,

+woven in along the top of a 'dead hedge,' or wattled fence, to keep

+it compact (A.B.). A 'stake and ether' fence. A.S. _edor_.--N.W.

+

+    'Mughall [Midghall] had nothing to doe withought [without]

+    the Eyther [hedge] between Bradene Lane and Shropshire

+    Marsh.'--1602, MS., _Perambulation of the Great Park of

+    Fasterne, N.W._, in Devizes Museum.

+

+    'An eldern stake and blackthorn ether

+    Will make a hedge to last for ever.'--_Wilts Saying_ (A.).

+

+=Eve=. See ~Heave~.

+

+=Even-ash=. Ash-leaves with an equal number of leaflets, carried by

+children in the afternoon of the 29th May (_Wild Life_, ch. v). See

+~Shitsac~.--N.W.

+

+=Evet=. See ~Effet~.

+

+=Ex=, pl. =Exes=. An axle (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eyles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+

+=F=. (1) _F_ for _th_. Examples :.--_Fust_, thirst; _afust_, athirst.

+An old characteristic of the Western and South-Western groups of

+dialect. (2) F, at the beginning of a word, is frequently sounded as

+_v_, as fall, _vall_; flick, _vlick_; font, _vant_.

+

+=Fadge=. See ~Fodge~.

+

+=Fag=. See ~Vag~.

+

+=Faggot=, =Fakket=. (1) A woman of bad character is 'a nasty stinking

+faggot (or vaggot).' Often used in a milder sense, as 'You young

+vaggot! [you bad girl] what be slapping the baby vor?'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Damn you vor a gay wench, vor that's what you be, an' no

+    mistake about it; a vaggot as I wun't hae in _my_ house no

+    longer.'--_Dark_, ch. xii.

+

+(2) A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning, covered with

+'flare': also known as ~Bake-faggot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tripe an mince meat,

+    Vaggots an pigs veet,

+    An blackpuddins stale, on which to regale.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 26.

+

+=Falarie=. Disturbance, excitement, commotion.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Look'ee here, there 've bin a fine falarie about you, Zur."

+    He meant that there had been much excitement when it was

+    found that Bevis was not in the garden, and was nowhere to be

+    found.'--_Wood Magic_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Used about Wilton, but not so extensively as its synonym

+    _rumpus_.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Fall about=. _v._ Of a woman: to be confined. 'His wife bin an' fell

+about laas' night.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Fall down=. Of arable land: to be allowed to relapse of itself into

+poor rough pasture.--N.W.

+

+    'Some of the land is getting "turnip-sick," the roots come

+    stringy and small and useless, so that many let it "vall

+    down."'--_Great Estate_, ch. i. p. 6.

+

+=Falling=. _n._ A downfall of snow. 'I thenks we shall have some

+vallen soon.' Only used of snow.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Falling-post=. The front upright timber of a gate. Occasionally

+heard at Huish; ~Head~, however, being the more usual term

+there.--N.W.

+

+=Falsify=. Of seeds, young trees, &c.: to fail, to come to

+nought.--N.W.

+

+=Fancy man=. A married woman's lover. 'He be Bill's wife's fancy man,

+that's what _he_ do be.'--N.W.

+

+*=Fang=. To strangle; to bind a wounded limb so tightly as to stop

+the flow of blood (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Fantag=, =Fanteague=, &c. (1) _n._ Fluster, fuss. ~Fantaig~

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (2) Vagaries or larks, as 'Now, none o' your

+fantaigs here!' At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., 'a regular fantaig' would be

+a flighty flirting lad or girl, a 'wondermenting or gammotty sort of

+a chap.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Fardingale=. A quarter of an acre (H.Wr. _Lansd. MS._). The old

+form is _Farding-deal_ (Wr.). Compare _Thurindale_, &c.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm, to the same Thomas & Nicholas Lea for theire helpe

+    to laye the Acres into ffarendells.'--_Records of Chippenham_,

+    p. 202.

+

+    '1649. Twoe ffarthendels of grasse.'--_Ibid._ p. 217.

+

+=Farewell Summer=. The Michaelmas Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Fashion=. The farcey, a disease in horses (A.H.Wr.). Fr.

+_farcin_.--N.W.

+

+    'An old Wiltshire farmer, when his grand-daughters appeared

+    before him with any new piece of finery, would ask what it all

+    meant. The girls would reply, "_fashion_, gran'v�ther!" when

+    the old man would rejoin, "Ha! many a good horse has died o'

+    th' fashion!"'--_Akerman._

+

+=Favour=. To resemble in features, &c. 'He doesn't favour you,

+Sir.... He is his mother's own boy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Featish=. Fair, tolerable (A.B.). Used of health, crops, &c. 'How be

+'e ?' 'Featish, thank 'e.'--'There's a featish crop o' grass yander!'

+(A.). M.E. _fetis_ (in Chaucer), O.F. fetis, _faitis_.--N.W.

+

+    'The worthy farmer proceeded to ask how the children got on

+    at the Sunday-school. "Oh, featish, zur ... Sally, yander ...

+    her's gettin' on oonderful."'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 139-140.

+

+    '"How's your voice?" "Aw, featish [fairish]. I zucked a

+    thrush's egg to clear un."'--_Greene Ferns Farm_, ch. i.

+

+    '"Ees, this be featish tackle," meaning the liquor was

+    good.'--_Ibid._ ch. vii.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+*=Fern Buttercup=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., Silverweed.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Fess=. (1) Of animals: bad-tempered, fierce. A cat with its back up

+looks 'ter'ble fess.'--N. & S.W. (2) Cocky, impudent, confident. Also

+used in Hants.--S.W., occasionally. (3) Proud, stuck-up (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fet=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Fevertory=. _Fumaria_, Fumitory, from which a cosmetic for removing

+freckles used to be distilled.--S.W.

+

+    'If you wish to be pure and holy,

+    Wash your face with fevertory.'--_Local Rhyme._

+

+=Few=. 'A goodish few,' or 'a main few,' a considerable quantity or

+number.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I ferrets a goodish few rabbits on bright nights in

+    winter.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii.

+

+=Fiddle-strings=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf, when pulled out. See

+~Cat-gut~.--N.W.

+

+*=Field=. The space, or bay, between beam and beam in a barn, as 'a

+barn of four fields.' (D.).

+

+=Figged= (_two syll._), =Figgedy=, =Figgetty=, =Figgy=. (1) Made with

+a few 'figs,' or raisins, as 'viggy pudden.' Figged Pudding, Plum

+pudding (_Monthly Mag._, 1814). Figgetty Pooden (S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+~Figged.~ Spotted all over, as a pudding is with plums.--S.W. A

+true-born Moon-raker, describing his first night in 'Lunnon,' where

+he made the acquaintance of numerous members of the 'Norfolk-Howard'

+family (_Cimex lectularius_), spoke of his face as being 'vigged aal

+auver wi' spots an' bumps afore marning.'

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Plantago media_, L., and other Plantains. Children

+'fight' them, head against head.--N.W.

+

+=Filtry=. Rubbish. 'Ther's a lot o' filtry about this house.'--N.W.

+

+=Fine=. Of potatoes, very small.--N.W.

+

+=Fingers-and-Thumbs=. Blossoms of _Ulex Europaeus_, L., Common Furze

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Fire-deal=. A good deal (H.Wr.).

+

+=Fire-new=, =Vire-new=. Quite new (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Firk=. (1) To worry mentally, to be anxious; as 'Don't firk so,' or

+'Don't firk yourself.' A cat does not _firk_ a mouse when 'playing'

+with it, but the mouse _firks_ grievously.--N.W. (Marlborough). (2)

+To be officiously busy or inquisitive, as 'I can't abear that there

+chap a-comin' firkin' about here.' A policeman getting up a case

+_firks about_ the place, ferreting out all the evidence he can.--N.W.

+

+*=Fitten=. A pretence (A.B.).--Obsolete. Compare:

+

+    'He doth feed you with fittons, figments, and

+    leasings.'--_Cynthia's Revels._

+

+=Fitty=. In good health. 'How be 'ee?' 'Ter'ble fitty.'--N.W.

+

+*=Flabber-gaster=. _n._ Idle talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flag=. The blade of wheat.--N.W.

+

+    'The wheat was then showing a beautiful flag.... The flag is

+    the long narrow green leaf of the wheat.'--_Great Estate_, ch.

+    i. p. 8.

+

+=Flake=. _n._ (1) A frame, barred with ash or willow spars, somewhat

+resembling a light gate, used as a hurdle where extra strength is

+needed (_Bevis_, ch. xii; _Wild Life_, ch. iv). 'Flake' hurdles

+are used to divide a field, or for cattle, the ordinary sheep

+hurdles being too weak for the purpose.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make

+'flakes.'--N.W.

+

+=Flamtag=. A slatternly woman.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Flare=. (1) The flick, or internal fat of a pig, before it is melted

+down to make lard.--N. & S.W. (2) The caul, or thin skin of the

+intestines of animals, used for covering 'bake-faggots,' &c.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Fleck=. See ~Flick~.

+

+=Flews=. A sluice is occasionally so called. See ~Flowse~.--S.W.

+

+=Flewy=. Of a horse, troubled with looseness. 'He's what we calls a

+flewy 'oss, can't kip nothing in 'im.' Cf. North of Eng. _Flewish_,

+morally or physically weak. In Hants a horse of weakly constitution

+is said to be _flue_ or _fluey_ (Cope).--N.W.

+

+=Flick=, =Fleck=. (1) _n._ The internal fat of a pig (A.B.C.S.).--N.

+& S.W. *(2) _v._ To flare (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flig-me-jig=. A girl of doubtful character. 'Her's a reg'lar

+flig-me-jig.'--N.W.

+

+=Flirk=. To flip anything about (H.Wr.), as a duster in flicking a

+speck of dust off a table (_Village Miners_). Flirt is the S. Wilts

+form of the word.--N.W.

+

+*=Flitch=. (1) Pert, lively, officious (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+    'Right flygge and mery.' _Paston Letters_, iv. 412.

+

+*(2) To be _flick_ or _flitch_ with any one, to be familiar or

+intimate (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Flitmouse=. The bat. A shortened form of _Flittermouse_.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Flitters=. Pieces. A cup falls, and is broken 'aal to

+vlitters.'--N.W.

+

+*=Floating= or =Flowing meadow=. A meadow laid up in ridges with

+water-carriages on each ridge and drains between (D.). A lowland

+meadow watered from a river, as opposed to Catch-meadow (_Annals of

+Agric._). ~Floted meadowes~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.).

+

+=Flod=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Flop-a-dock=. _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Floppetty=. _adj._ Of a woman, untidy, slatternly in dress or

+person. ~Flopperty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flowing Meadows=. See ~Floating Meadows~.

+

+=Flowse=. (1) _v. act._ You 'flowse,' or splash, the water over you

+in a bath.--N. & S.W. (2) _v. neut._ Water is said to be 'flowsing

+down' when rushing very strongly through a mill hatch. A horse likes

+to 'flowse about' in a pond.--S.W. (3) _n._ The rush of water through

+a hatch.--S.W. (4) _n._ Occasionally also applied to the narrow

+walled channel between the hatch gate and the pool below.--S.W.

+

+=Flucksey=. _adj._ 'A flucksey old hen,' i.e. a hen who makes a

+great fuss over her chickens.--S.W. (Bishopstrow, &c.) Cope's _Hants

+Glossary_ has:--'_Flucks_, to peck in anger like a hen.'

+

+=Flump=. 'To come down flump, like a twoad from roost,' to fall

+heavily (A.B.S.); also used alone as a verb, as 'Her vlumped down in

+thic chair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flunk=. A spark of fire; probably a form of ~Blink~, q.v. ~Vlonker~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flush=. *(1) _n._ Of grass, a strong and abundant growth (_Agric.

+of Wilts_, ch. xii). (2) _adj._ Of grass, &c., luxuriant.--N.W. (3)

+_adj._ Of young birds, fledged (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flustrated=. (1) Taken aback, flustered.--N.W.

+

+    'A didn't zay anything ... but a looked a leetle flustrated

+    like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 119.

+

+(2) Tipsy.--N.W.

+

+=Fluttery=. Of weather, catchy, uncertain, showery. ''T ull be a main

+fluttery hay-making to-year, I warnd.'--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Fodder=. A labourer 'fodders' his boots--stuffs soft hay into them

+to fill up, when they are too large for him (_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Fodge= (rarely =Fadge=). In packing fleeces of wool, when the

+quantity is too small to make up a full 'bag' of 240 lbs., the ends

+of the bag are gathered together as required, and the sides skewered

+over them, thus forming the small package known as a 'fodge.'--N.W.

+

+=Fog=. _v._ To give fodder to cattle. Cf. Welsh _ffwg_, dry

+grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '_Fogging_, the giving of fodder ... from a Middle English root

+    ... is common in Mid-Wilts.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+=Fog off=. To damp off, as cuttings often do in a greenhouse.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Fogger=. A man who attends to the cows and takes them their fodder

+morning and evening (_My Old Village_, &c.). A groom or man-servant

+(H.Wr.), the duties of groom and fogger being usually discharged by

+the same man on farms about Marlborough.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Foldsail=, =Fossel=. A fold-shore (D.). See ~Sails~.--N.W.

+

+    'A fold stake, locally called a "fossle."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+    xxi. 132.

+

+    'The "fossels" means the _fold-shores_, or the _stakes_ to

+    which the hurdles are shored up, and fastened with a loose twig

+    wreath at the top.'--_Ibid._ xvii. 304.

+

+=Fold-shore=. A stake pitched to support a hurdle (D.H.).--S.W.

+

+=Follow or Follow on=. To continue.--N.W.

+

+    'If you do want a good crop, you must _follow on_ a hoeing

+    o' the ground; but you can't do no hoeing so long as it do

+    _follow_ raining.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Folly=. A circular plantation of trees on a hill, as 'Harnham

+Folly,' or 'The Long Folly' on Compton Down. This seems quite

+distinct from its more general use as applied to a tower or other

+building which is too pretentious or costly for its builder's

+position and means.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Every hill seems to have a Folly," she said, looking round.

+    "I mean a clump of trees on the top."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_,

+    ch. vi.

+

+*=Foot-cock=. The small cock into which hay is first put (D.).

+

+=Footy=. Paltry (A.B.), as a present not so large as was expected

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=For=. Often affixed to the verbs _say_ and _think_. ''Tean't the

+same as you said for'; 'I bean't as old as you thinks for.'--N.W.

+

+=Fore-eyed=. Fore-seeing, apt to look far ahead (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fore-spur=. A fore-leg of pork (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Forefeed=, =Vorfeed=. To turn cattle out in spring into a pasture

+which is afterwards to be laid up for hay.--N.W.

+

+=Foreright=, =Vorright=. (1) _adj._ Headstrong, self-willed. 'He's

+that vorright there's no telling he anything.'--N. & S.W. (2) _adj._

+Blunt, rude, candid.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) (3) Just opposite. 'The

+geat's vorright thuck shard.'--N.W.

+

+*=Forel=. The actual cover of a book, not the material in which it is

+bound. This is the usual term in Som. Old Fr. _fourrel_, a sheath,

+case.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Fork=. The apparatus used by thatchers for carrying the elms up to

+the roof.--N.W.

+

+=Forester=. (1) A New Forest horse-fly.--S.W. (2) Any very tall

+thistle growing among underwood.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+*=Fossel=. See ~Foldsail~.

+

+=Fot=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Frame= A skeleton. 'Her's nothing in the world but a frame.'--N.W.

+

+*=Frea=, =Fry=. To make a brushwood drain (D.).

+

+=Freglam=. Odds and ends of cold vegetables, fried up with a little

+bacon to give a relish. Compare Lanc. _Braughwham_, cheese, eggs,

+clap-bread, and butter, all boiled together.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=French Grass=. _Onobrychis sativa_, L., Sainfoin.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Fresh liquor=. Unsalted hog's-fat (A).--N.W.

+

+=Frickle=, =Friggle=. (1) To potter about at little jobs, such as an

+old man can do. 'I bain't up to a day's work now; I can't do nothing

+but frickle about in my garne.'--N. & S.W. (2) To fidget, to worry

+about a thing.--N.W.

+

+    'He freggled [fidgetted] hisself auver thuck paason as come a

+    bit ago.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+=Frickling=, =Friggling=. _adj._ Tiresome, involving much minute

+attention or labour. Used of fiddling little jobs.--N.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _n._ A worrying little piece of work. 'I be so caddled

+wi' aal these yer friggles, I caan't hardly vind time vor a bit o'

+vittles.' See ~Frickle~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Frith=. (1) _n._ 'Quick,' or young whitethorn for planting

+hedges.--N.W. *(2) _n._ Thorns or brush underwood (D).--N.W.

+

+    '1605. Itm to James Smalwood for an Acre & halfe of

+    hedginge frith out of Heywood.... Item for felling the same

+    frith.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 194.

+

+(3) _v._ To make a brushwood drain, as opposed to ~Grip~, q.v. (D).

+

+=Froar=. Frozen (A.B.S.); generally ~Vroar~ or ~Vr[)o]r~ in N.

+Wilts, but the usual form at Wroughton, N.W., is ~Froren~. A.S.

+_gefroren_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Frog-dubbing=. Boys throw a frog into a shallow pool, and then 'dub'

+or pelt it, as it tries to escape. See ~Dub~.--S.W.

+

+=Froom=. See ~Frum~.

+

+=Frout=. Of animals: to take fright. 'My horse frouted and run

+away.'--S.W.

+

+=Frouten=, =Froughten=. To frighten (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Frow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+=Frum=, =Froom=. Of vegetables, grass, &c.: fresh and juicy (A.B.);

+strong-growing or rank. A.S. _from_, vigorous, strong.--N.W.

+

+*=Fry=. (1) _n._ A brushwood drain (H.Wr.). See ~Frith~ (3).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To make a brushwood drain (D.). Also ~Frea~ and ~Frith~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+    '1790. For 234 Lugg Hollow frying in Englands

+    2.18.6.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 248.

+

+=Fullmare=. _n._ In my childhood I remember being told more than

+once by servants at Morden, near Swindon, N.W., that a colt which

+was playing about in a field near was 'a fullmare.' Could this

+possibly have been a survival of the old word '_Folymare_, a young

+foal,' which is given by Halliwell and Wright as occurring in a

+fifteenth-century MS. at Jesus College, Oxford? I have never heard

+the word elsewhere.--_G. E. D._

+

+=Fur=. _n._ The calcareous sediment in a kettle, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Furlong= (pronounced ~Vurlin~). The strip of newly-ploughed land

+lying between two main furrows.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Fur up=. Water-pipes, kettles, &c., when coated inside with 'rock,'

+or the calcareous sediment of hard water, are said to 'fur up,' or to

+be 'furred up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Furze-hawker=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear.--N.W.

+

+*=Furze Robin=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 150).--N.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+=Fuzz-ball=. _Lycoperdon Bovista_, L., Puffball.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=Gaa-oot!= See ~Horses~ (A.).

+

+=Gaam=. (1) _v._ To smear or bedaub with anything sticky. ~Gaamze~

+(_Village Miners_). (2) _n._ A sticky mass of anything. See

+~Gam~.--N. & S.W. Many years ago, at a Yeomanry ball in a certain

+town in N. Wilts, the Mayor, who had done his duty manfully up to

+then, stopped short in the middle of a dance, and mopping his face

+vigorously, gasped out to his astonished partner, a lady of high

+position, 'Well, I don't know how _you_ be, Marm, but _I_ be ael of a

+gaam o' zweat!'--N.W.

+

+=Gaamy=, =Gammy=. Daubed with grease, &c., sticky. In Hal. and Wr.

+'~Gaam~, _adj._ sticky, clammy,' is apparently an error, _gaamy_

+being probably intended.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapsey=. _n._ A sight to be stared at. See ~Gapps~.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapus=. _n._ A fool, a stupid fellow. 'What be at, ye girt

+gaapus!'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gabborn=. Of rooms or houses, comfortless, bare (B.C.). ~Gabbern~

+(A.H.) and ~Gabern~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 78). This term

+always denotes largeness without convenience or comfort (_Cunnington

+MS._).--N.W. ~Gabberny~ on Berks bord.

+

+*=Gage-ring=. An engagement ring (_Great Estate_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Galley-bagger=. A scarecrow (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=Galley-crow=. A scarecrow (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Maester," said the child, "wull 'e let m' chainge hats wi'

+    thuck galley-crow yander?" ... pointing to a scarecrow at the

+    other end of the garden.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 103.

+

+=Gallivant=. To be gadding about on a spree with a companion of the

+opposite sex (S.): to run after the girls, or 'chaps,' as the case

+may be.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gallow=. See ~Gally~.

+

+=Gallows= (pronounced _Gallus_). *(1) A pair of braces. (2)

+Exceedingly. Used with any adjective; as 'Gallus dear,' very

+expensive (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 75).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A gallus bad wench her be!'--_Dark_, ch. xviii.

+

+*(3) 'He's a gallus chap,' i.e. plucky.

+

+=Gallows-gate=. A light gate, consisting only of a hinged style,

+top-rail, and one strut.--N.W.

+

+=Gallus=. See ~Gallows~.--N.W.

+

+=Gally=, =Gallow=. To frighten or terrify. ~Gallow~ (B.H., _Lansd.

+MS._), ~Gally~ (A.B.S.), Pret. _gallered_, astonished, frightened

+(A.B.C.S.) 'He gallered I amwost into vits.' Still in use about

+Marlborough and in S.W. From M.E. _galwen_; A.S. _ag�lwan_, to

+stupefy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The wrathful skies

+    Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.'--_Lear_, iii. 2.

+

+The word is still commonly used in the whale-fishery:--

+

+    'Young bulls ... are ... easily "gallied," that is,

+    frightened.'--MARRYAT, _Poor Jack_, ch. vi.

+

+=Gam=. A sticky mass, as 'all in a gam.' See ~Gaam~ (2).--N. & S.W.

+In S. Wilts the _a_ in this word and its derivatives is usually

+short, while in N. Wilts it is broad in sound.

+

+=Gambrel=. The piece of wood or iron used by butchers for extending

+or hanging a carcase (A.). ~Gamel~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamel=. See ~Gambrel~.

+

+=Gammer=. A woodlouse.--S.W.

+

+=Gammet=, =Gamut=. (1) _n._ Fun, frolicsome tricks. 'You be vull o'

+gamuts.'--N.W. (2) _v._ To frolic, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~

+and ~Gannick~. 'Thee bist allus a gammetting.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To play

+off practical jokes; to take in any one.--N.W.

+

+=Gammock=. _v._ To lark about, to play the fool, to frolic. See

+~Gannick~ and ~Gammet~.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Gammotty=, =Gammutty=. (1) _adj._ Frolicsome, larky. See

+~Gammet~.--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of cheese, ill-flavoured. See

+~Cammocky~.--N.W.

+

+=Gammy=. (1) Sticky. See ~Gaamy~.--S.W. (2) Lame, crippled, having a

+'game leg.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamut=. See ~Gammet~.

+

+=Gander-flanking, To go=. To go off larking or 'wondermenting.'

+Perhaps a corruption of _gallivanting_.--S.W. (Upton Scudamore.)

+

+=Gandigoslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. Compare

+_Gandergosses_ in _Gerarde_ (_Appendix_), and _Candle-gostes_

+in _Folk-Etymology_. Also see ~Dandy-goslings~, ~Dandy-goshen~,

+~Goosey-ganders~, ~Goslings~, ~Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander~, and

+~Granfer-goslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Gannick=. To lark about, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~.--S.W.

+(Warminster, &c.)

+

+=Gapps=, =Gaapsey=. To gape or stare at anything. 'Thee'st allus a

+gaapsin' about.'--N.W.

+

+=Garley-gut=. A gluttonous person. Perhaps connected with _gorle_, to

+devour eagerly (see Halliwell).

+

+    '"Let's go to bed," says Heavy-Head,

+    "Let's bide a bit," says Sloth,

+    "Put on the pot," says Garley-gut,

+    "We'll sup afore we g'auf" [go off].'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+=Gashly=. See ~Ghastly~.

+

+=Gate=. _n._ Excitement, 'taking.' 'Her wur in a vine gate

+wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Gatfer=. See ~Gotfer~.

+

+=Gauge-brick=. A brick which shows by its change of colour when the

+oven is hot enough for baking. Cf. ~Warning-stone~.--N.W.

+

+    'She knew when the oven was hot enough by the gauge-brick:

+    this particular brick as the heat increased became spotted

+    with white, and when it had turned quite white the oven was

+    ready.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152.

+

+=Gawl-cup=. See ~Gold-cup~.

+

+=Gawney=. A simpleton (A.H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Leave m' 'lone y' great gawney!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Gay=. Of wheat, rank in the blade (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Gee=, =Jee=. To agree, to work well together (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Genow=. See ~Go-now~.

+

+*=Gentlemen's-and-ladies'-fingers=. _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint. Cf. ~Lady's-Finger~ (2).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Ghastly= (pronounced Gashly). This word is used in many ways, as

+'Thick hedge wur gashly high, but it be ter'ble improved now.'--N.W.

+(Huish.) At Etchilhampton, N.W., a 'gashly ditch' is one that is cut

+too wide.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. Cf. ~Chipples~ and

+~Cribbles~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gicksey=. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Giggley=. See ~Goggley~.

+

+=Gigletting=. _adj._ Fond of rough romping; wanton. Used only of

+females. 'Dwoan't ha' no truck wi' thuck there giglettin' wench o'

+his'n.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Gilcup=. Buttercups in general; occasionally restricted to _R.

+Ficaria_. Cf. ~Gold-cup~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gill=. A low four-wheeled timber-carriage (_Cycl. of Agric._).

+

+*=Gilty-cup=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Gin-and-Water Market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Some towns have only what is called a "gin-and-water" market:

+    that is, the "deal" is begun and concluded from small samples

+    carried in the pocket and examined at an inn over a glass of

+    spirits and water.'--_The Toilers of the Field_, p. 28.

+

+=Gipsy=. Carnation grass, _Carex panicea_, L., because it turns so

+brown.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gipsy-rose=. _Scabiosa atropurpurea_, L., the Garden Scabious.--N.W.

+

+=Girls=. The short-pistilled or 'thrum-eyed' blossoms of the

+Primrose, _Primula vulgaris_, L. See ~Boys~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gix=, =Gicksey=, &c. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Glory-hole=. A place for rubbish or odds and ends, as a housemaid's

+cupboard, or a lumber room.--N.W.

+

+    'This has nothing to do with Lat. _gloria_, but is connected

+    with M.E. _glorien_, to befoul (_Prompt. Parv._). Compare Prov.

+    Eng. _glorry_, greasy, fat. Thus _glory-hole_=a dirty, untidy

+    nook. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 145.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Glox=. This is given by most authorities as a noun, and defined as

+'the sound of liquids when shaken in a barrel' (A.B.H.Wr.); but it

+is really a verb, and refers to the motion and peculiar gurgling of

+liquids against the side of a barrel or vessel that is not quite full

+(C.). In Hants _gloxing_ is the noise made by falling, gurgling water

+(Cope). Cf. ~Lottle~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Fill the Barrel full, John, or else it will glox in

+    Carriage.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=Glutch=. To swallow (A.B.C.S.). According to _Cunnington MS_, the

+use of _glutch_ implies that there is some difficulty in swallowing,

+while _quilt_ is to swallow naturally.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Glutcher=. The throat (S.). See ~Glutch~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Gnaa-post=. A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Gnaing=. To mock, to insult (S.). Also used in West of England and

+Sussex.--S.W.

+

+=Goat-weed=. _Polygonum Convolvulus_, L., Black Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Gob=. (1) _n._ Much chatter (S.).--S.W. (2) _v._ To talk.--S.W.

+

+*=Goche=. A pitcher (H.Wr.). Perhaps a mistake, as Morton (_Cycl. of

+Agric._) gives _gotch_ under Norfolk.

+

+=Gog=, =Goggmire=. A swamp or quagmire. Cf. ~Quavin-gog~. 'I be all

+in a goggmire,' in a regular fix or dilemma.--N.W.

+

+    'In Minty Common ... is a boggie place, called the _Gogges_....

+    _Footnote_. Perhaps a corruption of _quag_, itself a

+    corruption of _quake_. "I be all in a goggmire" is a North

+    Wilts phrase for being in what appears an inextricable

+    difficulty.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 271.

+

+=Goggle=. (1) _n._ A snail-shell. Cf. E. _cockle_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+    '=Guggles=, the empty shells of snails--not the large brown

+    kind, but those of various colours.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+(2) _v._ 'To go goggling,' to collect snail-shells (_Springtide_,

+p. 89).--N.W. (3) _v._ To shake or tremble, as a table with one leg

+shorter than the others. 'I do trembly an' goggly ael day.'--N. &

+S.W. (4) _n._ 'All of a goggle,' shaking all over, especially from

+physical weakness. 'How are you to-day, Sally?' 'Lor', Zur! I be aal

+of a goggle.' 'What on earth do you mean?' 'Why, I be zo ter'ble

+giggly, I can't scarce kip my lags nohow.'--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Goggles=. A disease in sheep (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xiv).--N.W.

+(Castle Eaton.)

+

+=Goggly=. Unsteady, shaky. Sometimes ~Giggly~ is used, as in example

+given under ~Goggle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goggmire=. See ~Gog~.

+

+=Gold=. Nodules of iron pyrites in chalk.--N.W. Heard once or twice,

+near Clyffe Pypard, years ago.--G. E. D.

+

+    'On past the steep wall of an ancient chalk-quarry, where the

+    ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts and

+    "gold," for when broken the radial metallic fibres glisten

+    yellow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Gold-cup= (pronounced _Gawl-cup_). The various forms of Buttercup.

+Cf. ~Gilcup~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Golden Chain=. (1) Laburnum (S.). The general name for it

+in Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow

+Vetchling.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Goldlock=. _Sinapis arvensis_, L., Charlock.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Go-now=, =Genow=, =Good-now=. Used as an expletive, or an address

+to a person (S.). 'What do 'ee thenk o' that, genow!' Also used in

+Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gooding Day=. St. Thomas' Day, when children go 'gooding,' or asking

+for Christmas boxes.--N.W.

+

+*=Good Neighbour=. Jefferies (_Village Miners_) speaks of a weed

+called by this name, but does not identify it. See below.

+

+=Good Neighbourhood=. (1) _Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus_, L., Good

+King Henry.--N.W. (Devizes.) (2) _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian (_English Plant Names_).--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Good-now=. See ~Go-now~ (S.). Used at Downton, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Gooseberry-pie=. _Valeriana dioica_, L., All-heal.--S.W.

+

+=Goosegog=. A green gooseberry (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosehill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+*=Goosen-chick=. A gosling (Wr.). *~Goosen-chick's vather~. A gander

+(Wr.). Both these words would appear to belong to Som. and Dev.

+rather than Wilts.

+

+=Goosey-gander=. A game played by children (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosey-ganders=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis.--N.W.

+

+*=Gore=. A triangular piece of ground (D.).

+

+=Goslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Goss=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow. Gorse, _Ulex_, is always

+'Fuzz.'--N.W.

+

+=Gossiping=. A christening.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Gotfer=. An old man (H.Wr.). *~Gatfer~ is still in use about

+Malmesbury.--N.W.

+

+=Grab-hook=. A kind of grapnel used for recovering lost buckets from

+a well.

+

+=Graft=. (1) A draining spade.--N.W. (2) The depth of earth dug

+therewith.--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. Dirty (A.H.Wr.); ~Grainted~ (B.); the latter being a

+mispronunciation.--N.W.

+

+=Grains=. The tines of a gardening fork, as 'a four-grained

+prong.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gramfer=. Grandfather (A.B.). ~Granfer~ (S.) and ~Gramp~ are also

+used.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Grammer=. Grandmother (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W. Becoming obsolete.

+

+=Grammered in=. Of dirt, so grained in, that it is almost impossible

+to wash it off. ~Grammered~: Begrimed (H.).--N.W.

+

+*=Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Granfer-goslings=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Granny-jump-out-of-bed=. _Aconitum Napellus_, L., Monks-hood.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. (1) _Anemone nemorosa_, L.,

+Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L.,

+Common Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.) (3) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--N.W. (4) _Convolvulus arvensis_, L., Field Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Grate=. Earth (D.).

+

+*=Grate-board=. The mould-board of a plough (D.).

+

+*=Gratings=. The right of feed in the stubbles (D.). See ~Gretton~.

+

+=Gravel-Path, The=. The Milky Way.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Gray Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, the Great Spotted Woodpecker

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 253). See ~Black Woodpecker~.

+

+=Great axe=. The large English woodman's axe (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Greggles=, or =Greygles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf.

+~Blue Goggles~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gretton=. Stubble (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._) See ~Gratings~.

+

+=Greybeard=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when in

+seed.--N.W.

+

+=Greygles=. See ~Greggles~.

+

+=Griggles=. Small worthless apples remaining on the tree after the

+crop has been gathered in.--N.W.

+

+=Griggling=. Knocking down the 'griggles,' as boys are allowed by

+custom to do.--N.W.

+

+=Grindstone Apple=. The crab-apple; used to sharpen reap-hooks, its

+acid biting into the steel. The 'Grindstone Apple' mentioned in the

+_Eulogy of R. Jefferies_, p. iv. is probably the 'Grindstone Pippin'

+of _Wood Magic_, not the crab.--N.W.

+

+=Grip=, or =Gripe=. (1) To _grip_ wheat is to divide it into bundles

+before making up the sheaves.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A grip of wheat,' the

+handful grasped in reaping (A.). It is _laid down in gripe_ when laid

+ready in handfuls untied (D.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To drain with covered

+turf or stone drains, as opposed to _frith_. To _take up gripe_, is

+to make such drains (D.).--S.W.

+

+=Grist=, =Griz=. To snarl and show the teeth, as an angry dog or man

+(A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Grizzle=. To grumble, complain, whine, cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Grom=. A forked stick used by thatchers for carrying the bundles of

+straw up to the roof (A.B.G.).

+

+*=Gropsing=. 'The gropsing of the evening,' dusk.--Obsolete.

+

+    'Both came unto the sayd Tryvatt's howse in the gropsing of the

+    yevening.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 227.

+

+=Ground=. A field.--N.W.

+

+    'A whirlewind took him up ... and layd him down safe, without

+    any hurt, in the next ground.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_ p.

+    16, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Ground-sill stone=. Quarrymen's term for one of the beds of the

+Portland oolite--useful for bridges, &c., where great strength is

+required (Britton's _Beauties_, vol. iii).

+

+=Ground-rest=. The wood supporting the share, in the old wooden

+plough (D.). _Rest_ is a mistake for _wrest_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Grout=. (1) _v._ To root like a hog.--N.W. (2) _v._ Hence, to

+rummage about.--N.W.

+

+=Grouty=. _adj._ Of the sky, thundery, threatening rain. It looks

+'ter'ble grouty' in summer when thunder clouds are coming up.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Grump=. 'To grump about,' to complain of all sorts of ailments.--N.W.

+

+*=Grupper=. To give up (Wr.). There would appear to be some mistake

+here, as we cannot trace the word elsewhere.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _n._ A filthy place, a foul gutter or drain (A.H.Wr.),

+~Gubborn~ (B.). Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._? Compare

+Devon _gubbings_, offal, refuse.

+

+=Guggles=. See ~Goggles~.

+

+=Guinea-pigs=, =Pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Butchers'-Guinea-Pigs~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Gule=. To sneer or make mouths at (A.). Also used in Hereford.

+

+=Guley=, =Guly=. _adj._ (1) Of sheep, giddy, suffering from a

+disease in the head which affects the brain and causes a kind of

+vertigo.--N.W. (2) Of persons, queer, stupid, or silly-looking.

+Compare _Guled_, bewildered, Berks. After being very drunk

+over-night, a man looks 'ter'ble guley' in the morning.--N.W.

+

+=Gullet-hole=. A large drain-hole through a hedge-bank to carry off

+water.--N.W.

+

+*=Gurgeons=. Coarse flour (A.).

+

+=Gushill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Guss=. (1) _n._ The girth of a saddle (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To

+girth; to tie tightly round the middle. A bundle of hay should be

+'gussed up tight.' A badly dressed fat woman 'looks vor aal the world

+like a zack o' whate a-gussed in wi' a rawp.'--N.W.

+

+=Gustrill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Gutter=. To drain land with open drains (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle=. (1) The filth of a drain (B.). (2) A filthy drain (A.B.).

+~Goosehill~ (Wr.), ~Gushill~ (K.), and ~Gustrill~ (H.Wr.), the latter

+being probably a misprint.--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle-berry=. Gooseberry. Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=H=. It should be noted that the cockney misuse of _H_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. Formerly it was the rarest thing in the

+world to hear a true Wiltshire rustic make such a slip, though the

+townsfolk were by no means blameless in this respect, but now the

+spread of education and the increased facilities of communication

+have tainted even our rural speech with cockneyisms and slang phrases.

+

+=Hack=. (1) _v._ To loosen the earth round potatoes, preparatory

+to earthing them up. This is done with a 'tater-hacker,' an old

+three-grained garden-fork, which by bending down the tines or

+'grains' at right angles to the handle has been converted into

+something resembling a rake, but used as a hoe. In Dorset hoeing is

+called _hacking_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) _n._ The shed in which

+newly-made bricks are set out to dry.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Hacka=. _n._ A nervous hesitation in speaking (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+    'He speaks with so many hacks and hesitations.'--DR. H. MORE.

+

+=Hacker=. (1) _v._ See ~Hakker~. (2) _n._ The instrument used in

+'hacking' potatoes; also known as a ~Tomahawk~.--N.W.

+

+=Hacketty=. See ~Hicketty~.

+

+=Hackle=. *(1) _n._ The mane of a hog (A.H.Wr.). (2) _n._ The straw

+covering of a bee-hive or of the apex of a rick (A.).--N.W. *(3) To

+agree together (A.). (4) To rattle or re-echo.--N.W.

+

+=Hagged=. Haggard, worn out, exhausted-looking. 'He came in quite

+hagged.' 'Her 've a had a lot to contend wi' to-year, and her 's

+hagged to death wi't aal.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hagger=. See ~Hakker~.

+

+=Haggle=. To cut clumsily. See ~Agg~.--N.W.

+

+    'They took out their knives and haggled the skin

+    off.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Hag-rod=. Bewitched, hag-ridden, afflicted with nightmare.

+*~Haig-raig~, bewildered (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hail=. The beard of barley. See ~Aile~, which is the more correct

+form (Smythe-Palmer).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The black knots on the delicate barley straw were beginning to

+    be topped with the hail.'--_Round about a Great Estate_, ch. i.

+    p. 8.

+

+=Hain=, =Hain up=. _v._ To reserve a field of grass for mowing

+(A.B.D.).--N.W. Treated as a noun by Akerman.

+

+    'Three acres of grass ... to be hayned by the farmer at

+    Candlemas and carried by the Vicar at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+=Haito=. A horse; used by mothers and nurses concurrently with

+_Gee-gee_. A contraction of _Hait-wo_, the order to a horse to go to

+the left. _Highty_ is similarly used in N. of England.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hait-wo=. See above.

+

+=Hakker=, =Hacker=. To tremble (S.), as with passion (A.), cold, or

+ague. ~Hagger.~ To chatter with cold (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Half-baked=, or =Half-saved=. Half-witted.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hallantide=. All Saints' Day (B.).

+

+=Hallege=, =Harrige=. _n._ The latter seems to be the original form

+of the word, and is still occasionally heard; but for at least

+seventy years it has been more commonly pronounced as _hallege_,

+_l_ and _r_ having been interchanged. We have met with it at Clyffe

+Pypard, Bromham, Huish, and elsewhere in N. Wilts; but, so far as

+we know, it is not used in S. Wilts. _Havage_=disturbance, which

+the Rev. S. Baring-Gould heard once in Cornwall, and made use of

+in his fine West-Country romance, _John Herring_, ch. xxxix, is

+doubtless a variant of the same word. (1) Of persons, a crowd; also,

+contemptuously, a low rabble. 'Be you a-gwain down to zee what they

+be a-doing at the Veast?' 'No, _I_ bean't a-gwain amang such a

+hallege as that!'--N.W. (2) Of things, confusion, disorder. Were a

+load of _top and lop_, intended to be cut up for firewood, shot down

+clumsily in a yard gateway, it would be said, 'What a hallege you've

+a-got there, blocking up the way!--N.W. (3) Hence, it sometimes

+appears to mean rubbish, as when it is applied to the mess and litter

+of small broken twigs and chips left on the ground after a tree has

+been cut and carried.--N.W. (4) It is also occasionally used of a

+disturbance of some sort, as 'What a hallege!' what a row!--N.W.

+

+=Ham=. (1) A narrow strip of ground by a river, as ~Mill-ham~ (A.D.).

+(2) See Haulm (S.).

+

+=Hames=. Pieces of wood attached to a horse's collar in drawing

+(A.D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hanch= (_a_ broad). Of a cow or bull, to thrust with the horns,

+whether in play or earnest.--N.W.

+

+=Hand=. (1) _n._ Corn has 'a good hand' when it is dry and slippery

+in the sack, 'a bad hand' when it is damp and rough (D.).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To act as a second in a fight.--N.W. (3) _v._ 'To have hands

+with anything,' to have anything to do with it. 'I shan't hae no

+hands wi't.--N.W. See ~Hank~.

+

+=Hand-box=. See ~Box~.

+

+=Hander=. The second to a pugilist (A.). See ~Hand~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Handin'-post=. A sign-post.--N.W.

+

+=Hand-staff=. The part of the 'drashell' which is held in the hand.

+

+=Hand-wrist=. The wrist.--N.W.

+

+=Handy=. Near to, as 'handy home,' 'handy ten o'clock' (A.B.M.S.). 'A

+gied un vower days' work, or handy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hang=. 'To hang up a field,' to take the cattle off it, and give it

+a long rest, so as to freshen up the pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Hang-fair=. A public execution, as 'Hang-fair at 'Vize,' formerly

+treated as a great holiday.--N.W., obsolete. The Pleasure Fair at

+Warminster on August 11 is known as 'Hang-Fair,' perhaps from the

+hanging of two murderers there on that day in 1813. See _Wilts Notes

+and Queries_, i. 40, 139.

+

+=Hang-gallows=. A gallows-bird (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Where's the money I put in th' zack, you hang-gallus?" roared

+    Mr. Twink.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Hanging=. (1) The steep wooded slope of a hill.--N. & S.W. (2) A

+hillside field (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hanging Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.; from the way in

+which it is usually suspended in a cottage window; also known as

+~Strawberry Geranium~, from its strawberry-like runners.--S.W.

+

+=Hanging-post=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it

+is hung to its post. Frequently heard, although ~Har~ is much more

+commonly used.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Hanglers=. The hooks by which pots and kettles are suspended over

+open fireplaces in old cottages and farm-houses. See ~Coglers~.--N.W.

+

+*=Hank=. Dealings with (S.). 'I won't ha' no hank wi' un,' will have

+nothing at all to do with him. Cf. ~Hand~ (3).--S.W.

+

+*=Hants-sheep=, =Hants-horses=. See quotation.

+

+    'They were called [in Wilts] hants sheep; they were a sort of

+    sheep that never shelled their teeth, but always had their

+    lambs-teeth without shedding them, and thrusting out two

+    broader in their room every year.... There were such a sort of

+    horses called hants horses, that always showed themselves to be

+    six years old.'--LISLE'S _Husbandry_, 1757.

+

+=Happer-down=. To come down smartly, to rattle down, as hail, or

+leaves in autumn.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Haps=. (1) _n._ A hasp (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To hasp, to

+fasten up a door or box (A.B.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Har=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung to

+its post. A.S. _heorre_, M.E. _herre_, the hinge of a door. See

+~Head~ and ~Hanging-post~.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+    'We wants some more heads and hars cut out.' Carpenters about

+    Marlborough usually reduce the word to a single letter in

+    making up their accounts, as 'To a new R to Cow-lease gate,

+    &c.'--Rev. C. SOAMES.

+

+=Hardhead=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Harl=. (1) _v._ To thrust a dead rabbit's hind-foot through a slit

+in the other leg, so as to form a loop to hang it up or carry it

+by (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii). _Hardle_ in Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To entangle (C.). _Harl_, knotted (A.S.), is a mistake for

+_harled_.--N. & S.W. (3) _n._ An entanglement (B.C.). 'The thread

+be aal in a harl.' A knot (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.)--N. & S.W. *(4) Of oats, _well-harled_ is well-eared (D).

+

+=Harrige=. See HALLEGE.

+

+*=Harrows=. The longitudinal bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Harvest-trow=. The shrew-mouse (_Wild Life_, ch. ix); ~Harvest-row~

+(A.H.Wr.)--N.W.

+

+*=Hask=. A husky cough to which cows are subject (Lisle's

+_Husbandry_). See HUSK.

+

+=Hatch=. (1) _n._ A 'wallow,' or line of raked-up hay.--N.W. (2) _v._

+'To hatch up,' to rake hay into hatches.--N.W. (3) _n._ A half-door

+(A.B.C.). 'Barn-hatch,' a low board put across the door, over which

+you must step to enter.--N.W.

+

+=Haulm=, =Ham=, =Haam=, =Helm=. A stalk of any vegetable (A.B.),

+especially potatoes and peas.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Haycock=. A much larger heap of hay than a 'foot-cock.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hayes=. A piece of ground enclosed with a live hedge; used as a

+termination, as ~Calf-Hayes~ (D.). A.S. _hege_ (Skeat).

+

+=Hay-home=. See quotation.

+

+    'It was the last day of the hay-harvest--it was "hay-home" that

+    night.'--R. JEFFERIES, _A True Tale of the Wiltshire Labourer_.

+

+=Hay-making=. Grass as it is mown lies in _swathe_ (N. & S.W.); then

+it is _turned_ (S.W.), preparatory to being _tedded_ (N. & S.W.), or

+_spread_; then raked up into lines called _hatches_ (N.W.), which

+may be either _single hatch_ or _double hatch_, and are known in

+some parts as wallows (N.W.); next _spread_ and _hatched up_ again,

+and put up in small _foot-cocks_, _cocks_ (N.W.), or _pooks_ (N. &

+S.W.); finally, after being thrown about again, it is _waked up_

+into _long wakes_ (N.W.), or _rollers_ (S.W.), and if not made

+temporarily into _summer-ricks_ (N.W.), is then carried. No wonder

+that John Burroughs (_Fresh Fields_, p. 55) remarks that in England

+hay 'is usually nearly worn out with handling before they get it into

+the rick.' Almost every part of the county has its own set of terms.

+Thus about Warminster meadow-hay is (1) turned, (2) spread or tedded,

+(3) put in rollers, (4) pooked; while at Clyffe Pypard it is tedded,

+hatched, waked and cocked, and at Huish waked and pooked. _Roller_ is

+pronounced as if it rhymed with _collar_. Hay is 'put in rollers,' or

+'rollered up.'

+

+=Hazon= (_a_ broad). To scold or threaten (A.B.C.H.Wr.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee hazon the child for 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Head=. The front upright timber of a gate. See Har and

+Falling-post.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Headland=. (1) _adj._ Headlong, as to 'fall headland' or

+'neck-headland.'--N.W. (2) The strip where the plough turns at bottom

+and top of a field, which must either be ploughed again at right

+angles to the rest, or dug over with the spade; generally called the

+~Headlong~ by labourers in S. Wilts.

+

+=Headlong=. See ~Headland~.

+

+=Heal=, =Hele=. Of seeds, to cover or earth over (D.); ~Heeld~,

+~Yeeld~ (_Great Estate_, ch. viii). When the ground is dry and hard,

+and the wheat when sown does not sink in and get covered up at once,

+it is said not to _heal well_, and requires harrowing.--N.W.

+

+=Heartless=. 'A heartless day' is a wet day with a strong south-west

+wind.--S.W.

+

+=Heater= (pronounced _Hetter_). A flat iron (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heave=, =Eve=. Of hearthstones, &c., to sweat or become damp on the

+surface in dry weather, a sign of coming change and wet. ~Eave~, to

+sweat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heavy= (pronounced _Heevy_). Of weather, damp. See ~Heave~.--N.W.

+

+=Heaver=. Part of the old-fashioned winnowing tackle.--N.W.

+

+*=He-body=. A woman of masculine appearance.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Hecth=. Height (A.).

+

+=Hedge-carpenter=. A professional maker and repairer of rail fences,

+&c. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-hog=. The prickly seed-vessel of _Ranunculus arvensis_, L.,

+Corn Buttercup (_Great Estate_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-peg=. The fruit of the Sloe, q.v. Cf. ~Eggs-eggs~.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Hedge-pick=, =Hedge-spe�k=. See ~Sloe~.--N.W.

+

+=Heeld=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Heft=. (1) _n._ The weight of anything as poised in the hand

+(A.B.C.M.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To weigh or test weight in the hand

+(A.B.), to lift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hele=, =Heel=, =Hill=. (1) To pour out (A.B.H.Wr.), to serve out or

+dispense.--S.W. (2) See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hellocky=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Helm= (1) See ~Elm~. (2) See ~Haulm~.

+

+=Helyer=. A tiler. An old word, but still in use.--N.W.

+

+=Hen-and-Chicken=. (1) _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.--N.W.

+(2) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L., from its mode of growth.--N.W.

+

+=Henge=. See ~Hinge~.

+

+=Hen-hussey=. A meddlesome woman.--N.W.

+

+=Here and there one=. 'I wur mortal bad aal the way [by sea] and as

+sick as here and there one.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Herence=. Hence (A.B.).

+

+=Hereright=. (1) Of time: on the spot, immediately (A.B.), the only

+use in N.W. (2) Of place: this very spot (S.).--S.W. (3) Hence (A.),

+probably a mistake.

+

+=Hesk=. See ~Husk~.

+

+=Het=. 'A main het o' coughing,' a fit of coughing.--S.W.

+

+=Hetter=. See ~Heater~ (S.).

+

+=He-woman=. The same as ~He-body~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Hicketty=. Hacking, as a cough.--S.W. ~Hacketty~.--N.W.

+

+=Hidlock=. 'In hidlock,' in concealment. Akerman, by some mistake,

+treats this as verb instead of noun. 'Her kep' it in hidlock aal this

+time.'--N.W.

+

+=Hike=. To hook or catch. 'I hiked my foot in a root.' See ~Hook~ and

+~Uck~.--N.W.

+

+=Hike off=. To decamp hastily, to slink off (A.B.C.S.); mostly used

+in a bad sense.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hile=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=Hill=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hill-trot=. Apparently a corruption of ~Eltrot~. (1) _Heracleum

+Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. *(2) _Oenanthe crocata_, L., Water

+Hemlock.--S.W. (Charlton and Barford.)

+

+=Hilp=. Fruit of the sloe.--N.W.

+

+=Hilp-wine=. Sloe-wine.--N.W.

+

+=Hilt=. A young sow kept for breeding (A.).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hinge=, =Henge=. The heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig (A.).

+In some parts of S. Wilts used only of the latter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hinted= Harvested, secured in barn (D.). 'Never zeed a better crop

+o' wheat, if so be could be hinted well.' A.S. _hentan_, to seize on,

+to secure.--N.W.

+

+=Hit=. (1) To bear a good crop, to succeed: as 'Th' apples hit well

+t' year.' Treated by Akerman as a noun instead of a verb.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To pour out or throw out. 'You ought to het a quart o' drenk

+into 'ee.' 'Hit it out on the garden patch.'--N.W.

+

+=Hitchland=. See ~Hookland~.

+

+=Hitter=. A cow which is ill and appears likely to die is said to be

+'going off a hitter.'--N.W.

+

+=Hittery=. Of cows: suffering from looseness, ill.--N.W.

+

+=Hobby=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--S.W. (Bishopstone.).

+

+*=Hob-lantern=. Will-o'-the-Wisp (A.B.).

+

+=Hock about=. To treat a thing carelessly; drag it through the mud.

+'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo a-hocken on your new vrock about.'--N.W. The

+usual form in S. Wilts is ~Hack-about~.

+

+=Hocks=. (1) To cut in an unworkmanlike manner (A.). (2) To trample

+earth into a muddy, untidy condition.--N.W.

+

+=Hocksy=, =Hoxy=. Dirty, muddy, miry.--N.W.

+

+    'It's about two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey

+    like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'--_Wilts Tales_,

+    p. 179.

+

+*=Hodmandod=, =Hodmedod=. _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.).

+

+=Hodmedod=. (1) _n._ A snail.--N.W. (Mildenhall.) *(2) Short and

+clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmandod~.

+

+=Ho for=. (1) To provide for. See ~Howed for~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard;

+Malmesbury.) (2) To desire, to long for. 'I did hankeran' ho a'ter

+'ee zo.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Hog=. (1) n. Originally a castrated animal, as a hog pig (D.). (2)

+Now extended to any animal of a year old, as a chilver hog sheep (D.).

+

+    'We have wether hogs, and chilver hogs, and shear hogs ... the

+    word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a

+    hog bull, a chilver hog sheep.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii 303.

+

+    '1580 ... Una ovis vocata a hogge.'--SCROPE'S _History of

+    Castle Combe_.

+

+(3) To cut a mane or hedge short (D.), so that the stumps stick up

+like bristles (_Village Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hogo=. (Fr. _haut go�t_). A bad smell (_Monthly Mag._ 1814). Still

+frequently used of tainted meat or strong cheese.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hollardy-day=. The 3rd of May. Apparently a perversion of 'Holy

+Rood Day.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Home, to be called=. To have the banns of marriage published.--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd whoam

+    to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--_Slow._

+

+=Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, occasionally.

+*~Maiden's Honesty~ (Aubrey's Wilts MS.).--N.W.

+

+=Honey-bottle=. (1) Heather. (2) Furze. It is not clear which is

+intended in _Great Estate_, ch. i.

+

+*=Honey-plant=. Some old-fashioned sweet-scented plant, perhaps the

+dark Sweet Scabious, which used to be known as 'Honey-flower' in some

+counties.

+

+    'In the garden, which was full of old-fashioned shrubs

+    and herbs, she watched the bees busy at the sweet-scented

+    "honey-plant."'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+Also see _Reproach of Annesley_, vol. i. p. 119, for Hants use of the

+name:--

+

+    'Sibyl bent over a honey plant encrusted with pink-scented

+    blossoms, about which the bees ... were humming--an

+    old-fashioned cottage plant.'

+

+=Honey-suckle=. (1) _Lamium album_, L., White Dead Nettle, sucked by

+children for its honey.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) Also applied to both

+Red and White Clover, _Trifolium pratense_ and _T. repens._--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hook=. Of a bull, to gore (S.). See ~Uck~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Compare _huck_, to push, lift, gore, Hants; and Prov. _hike_,

+    to toss.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Hookland= (or =Hitchland=) =Field=. A portion of the best land in a

+common field, reserved for vetches, potatoes, &c., instead of lying

+fallow for two years (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii). Parts of some

+fields are still known as ~Hooklands~ in S. Wilts, though the system

+has died out. Sometimes defined as 'land tilled every year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Hoop=. _Pyrrhula vulgaris_, the Bullfinch (A.B.); also ~Red

+Hoop~.--N.W.

+

+=Hoops=, or =Waggon-Hoops=. The woodwork projecting from the sides of

+a waggon so as to form an arch over the hind wheels.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Hooset=. See ~Housset~.

+

+=Hop-about=. An apple dumpling (B.C.), probably from its bobbing

+about in the pot. Cf. ~Apple-bout~.--N.W.

+

+=Hopper=. A grig (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. i).

+

+=Horse-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Horse-Matcher=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 150).

+

+    'Horse-matchers or stonechats also in summer often visit the

+    rick-yard.'--_Wild Life_, ch. x. p. 159.

+

+=Horses=. In N. Wilts the orders given to a plough or team are as

+follows:--to the front horse, _Coom ether_, go to the left, and

+_Wowt_, to the right: to the hinder horse, _Wo-oot_, to the right,

+and _Gie aay_ or _Gie aay oot_, to the left. The orders to oxen are

+somewhat different.

+

+=Horse-shoe=. _Acer Pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore.--S.W. (Barford

+St. Martin.)

+

+*=Horse's-leg=. A bassoon.

+

+=Horse-Snatcher=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 152).--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Horse-stinger=, =Hosstenger=. The Dragon-fly (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hound=. The fore-carriage of a waggon.--N.W.

+

+=House=, =Houst=. To grow stout. 'Lor, ma'am, how you've

+a-housted!'--N.W.

+

+=Housset=, =Hooset=, =Wooset=. (1) _n._ A serenade of rough music,

+got up to express public disapproval of marriages where there is

+great disparity of age, flagrant immorality, &c. See article on _The

+Wooset_ in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88; cp. _N. & Q._ 4 Ser. xi.

+p. 225. In Berks the 'Hooset' is a draped horse's head, carried at a

+'Hooset Hunt.' See Lowsley's _Berks Gloss_.--N.W. (2) _v._ To take

+part in a housset.--N.W.

+

+*=Howe=. _n._ 'To be in a howe,' to be in a state of anxiety about

+anything (C.). See ~Ho for~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Howed-for=. Well provided for, taken care of (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Huckmuck=. (1) A strainer placed before the faucet in brewing

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 173).--N. & S.W. (3) General untidiness and

+confusion, as at a spring-cleaning. A very dirty untidy old woman is

+'a reg'lar huckmuck.'--N.W.

+

+=Hucks=, =Husks=. (1) The chaff of oats (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Grains of wheat which have the chaff still

+adhering to them after threshing, and are only fit for feeding

+poultry.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hud=. (1) _n._ The husk of a walnut, skin of a gooseberry, shell

+of a pea or bean, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To take off the husk of

+certain fruits and vegetables. Beans are _hudded_ and peas _shelled_

+for cooking.--N.W. (3) A finger-stall or finger of a glove (S.). Also

+~Huddick~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (4) A lump or clod of earth.--N.W. Cf.

+~Hut~.

+

+=Huddy=, =Oddy=. Of soil, full of lumps and clods.--N.W.

+

+*=Hudgy=. Clumsy, thick (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Hudmedud=. (1) _n._ A scarecrow (A.). In common use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'Mester Cullum i sends you back your saddell koz its such a

+    cusnashun rum looking hudmedud of a theng that pipl woll no it

+    direckly.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 79.

+

+    '"That nimity-pimity odd-me-dod!"... Little contemptible

+    scarecrow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+*(2) _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmedod~.

+

+=Hullocky!= 'Hullo! look here!' exclamation denoting surprise, or

+calling attention to anything (S.). This is usually pronounced

+_Hellucky_, and is a contraction of 'Here look ye!' Also

+_Yellucks_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Now which way is it?"... "Yellucks," said the boy, meaning

+    "Look here."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+    '"This be the vinest veast ... as ever I zeed....

+    Yellucks!"--as much as to say, Look here, that is my

+    dictum.'--_Ibid._ ch. xi.

+

+=Humbug=. A sweet or lollipop.--N.W.

+

+=Humbuz=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+*=Humdaw=. To speak hesitatingly (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Humming-bird=. _Regulus cristatus_, the Golden-crested Wren.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+    'We always calls 'em humming-birds here, and they are

+    humming-birds!' said the school-children at Huish, in the most

+    decided manner, when cross-examined as to the Gold-crest.

+    Apparently the same use obtains in Devon, as Martin speaks of

+    the 'humming-bird' as occurring in certain localities about

+    Tavistock, which are assigned to the Gold-crest by other

+    writers. See MRS. BRAY'S _Description of Devon_, 1836, vol. ii.

+    p. 146.

+

+*=Hummocksing=. Clumsy, awkward, loutish.

+

+    'She had a lover, but he was "a gurt hummocksing noon-naw" ...

+    a "great loose-jointed idiot."'--_Great Estate_, ch. iv.

+

+=Humstrum=. A home-made fiddle (S.). Sometimes applied also to a

+large kind of Jew's-harp.--S.W.

+

+=Hunch about=. To push or shove about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunder-stones=. Thunder-bolts (Aubrey's _Wilts, Roy. Soc. MS._).

+Probably either belemnites, or else the concretionary nodules of iron

+pyrites, called 'thunder-bolts' by the labourers, are here intended.

+See ~Thunder-stones~.

+

+=Hunked=. See ~Unked~ (A.H.).

+

+=Hurdle-footed=. Club-footed.--S.W.

+

+=Hurdle-shore=. The same as ~Fold-shore~.--S.W.

+

+=Hurkle=. To crowd together, as round the fire in cold weather. An

+old form of _hurtle_.

+

+    '_Hurtelyn_, as too thyngys togedur (al. _hurcolyn_, hurchyn

+    togeder). _Impingo_, _collido_.'--_Prompt. Parv._ c. 1440

+    (SMYTHE-PALMER).

+

+=Husk=, =Hesk=. A disease of the throat, often fatal to calves. See

+~Hask~.--N.W.

+

+=Husks=. See ~Hucks~.

+

+=Hut=. A lump of earth.--N.W. See ~Hud~ (4).

+

+=Hutty=. Lumpy, as ground that does not break up well.--N.W.

+

+=Hyle=, =Hile=, =Aisle=, &c. (1) _n._ A shock or cock of wheat,

+consisting of several sheaves set up together for carrying.

+The number of sheaves was formerly ten, for the tithing man's

+convenience, but now varies considerably, according to the crop.

+~Tithing~ in N.W. ~Hile-a-whate~ (S.) The forms given by Davis,

+_aisle_, _aile_, and _isle_, seem purely fanciful, as also does the

+derivation there suggested, a _hyle_ being merely a single shock.

+In some parts of Wilts the shape and size of a hyle will depend

+largely on the weather at harvest-time. Thus in a stormy season it

+will usually be built compact and round, while in a calm one it may

+sometimes form a line several yards in length.--S.W.

+

+    ''Tis merry while the wheat's in hile.'--BARNES, _Poems_.

+

+(2) _v._ To make up into hyles. Wheat and rye are always hyled, and

+oats usually so, about Salisbury.--S.W.

+

+

+=Ichila-pea=. The Missel-thrush: only heard from one person, but

+perhaps an old name.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Iles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+=Imitate=. To resemble. 'The childern be immitatin' o' their vather

+about the nause.' Participle only so used.--N.W.

+

+=In-a-most=. Almost.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'It inamwoast killed our bwoy Sam.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 145.

+

+=Innocent=. Small, neat, unobtrusive, as 'a innocent little

+primrose.' Virtually restricted to flowers.--N.W.

+

+=Iron Pear=. _Pyrus Aria_, L., White Beam.--N.W. (Heddington, &c.)

+Iron-Pear-Tree Farm, near Devizes, is said to take its name from this

+tree.

+

+*=Isnet=. _Alkanet bugloss_ (D.).

+

+*=Ivors=. Hanging woods (_Slow_).--S.W. There would appear to be

+some misunderstanding here. The word may refer to the coverts on the

+hillside above Longbridge Deverill, which are known as _The Ivors_,

+the farm below being _Long Ivor Farm_. At Wroughton a field is called

+'_The Ivory_,' but this is perhaps a family name.

+

+=Izzard=. The letter Z (A.S.). Still in use in S.W.

+

+

+*=Jack=. A newt.--N.W. (Swindon.)

+

+=Jack=, =Jack Ern=. _Ardea cinerea_, the Heron (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+395).--N.W. Also ~Moll 'ern~.

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. (Huish.) See

+~Dick-and-his-team~.

+

+=Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon=. _Tragopogon pratensis_, L., Goat's

+Beard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jack-in-the-green=. (1) _Adonis autumnalis_, L.,

+Pheasant's-eye.--S.W. (2) The hose-in-hose variety of Polyanthus.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Jack-run-along-by-the-hedge=. _Alliaria officinalis_, Andrzj., Hedge

+Mustard.

+

+=Jacky-Dinah=. _Sylvia sylvicola_, the Wood Warbler.--S.W.

+(Bishopstone.)

+

+=Jacob's-ladder=. _Polygonatum multiflorum_, All., Solomon's

+Seal.--S.W. (Farley, &c.)

+

+=Jag=. The awn and head of the oat. Oats are spoken of as

+'well-jagged,' 'having a good jag,' 'coming out in jag,' &c.--N.W.

+

+    'The despised oats were coming out in jag ... in jag means the

+    spray-like drooping awn of the oat.'--_Round about a Great

+    Estate_, ch. i. p. 8.

+

+=Jan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.

+

+=Jarl=. To quarrel, to 'have words.'--N.W.

+

+=Jaw-bit=. Food carried out in the fields by labourers, to be eaten

+about 10 or 11 o'clock.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jee=. See ~Gee~.

+

+=Jew-berry=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry; a corruption of the

+proper name (_Wild Life_, ch. xi).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jibbets=. Small pieces. 'You never did see such a slut! her gownd

+a-hangin' in dirty jibbets [rags] aal about her heels!'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jiffle=. At Bishopston, N. Wilts, an old bell-ringer was recently

+heard to accuse the younger men of having got into a regular 'jiffle'

+(? confusion) while ringing. We have not met with the word elsewhere,

+but Hal. and Wright have _jiffle_, to be restless, var. dial.

+

+=Jiggery-poke=. Hocus-pocus. ~Jiggery-pokery.~ Unfair dealing (S.):

+deception.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jigget=. _v._ To ride or walk at a jog-trot. 'Here we go a

+jiggettin' along.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jiggetty=. _adj._ (1) Jolty, shaky. 'This be a ter'ble jiggetty

+train.'--N.W. *(2) Fidgetty (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Jimmy=, =Sheep's Jimmy=. A sheep's head (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jimmy-swiver=. _n._ A state of trembling. Apparently connected with

+_whiver_ or _swiver_.--N.W.

+

+    '"Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I! I be all of a

+    jimmy-swiver," and she visibly trembled, which was what she

+    meant.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Jitch=, =Jitchy=. Such.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Jobbet=. A small load (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Jod=. The letter J (A.S.).

+

+=Johnny Chider=, =Chan-chider=. The Sedge Warbler, _Salicaria

+phragmitis_. So called 'because it scolds so.'--S.W. Jan Chider (S.).

+

+=Jolter-headed=. Wrong-headed; used generally of a jealous spouse.

+'Her wur allus a jolter-headed 'ooman.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jonnick=. Honest, fair, straightforward in dealings (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Joseph-and-Mary=. _Pulmonaria officinalis_, L., Common Lung-wort,

+the flowers being of two colours, red and blue.--N.W.

+

+=Joy-bird=. The Jay, _Garrulus glandarius_. The name commonly used in

+N. Wilts for the Jay. Fr. _geai_.--N.W. (Savernake Forest, &c.)

+

+=Jumble=. A kind of coarse dark brown sweetmeat (_My Old

+Village_).--N.W.

+

+=Jumping Jesuses=. The long-legged water-flies, _Gerris_, which skim

+along the surface of streams.--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Junk=. A hunch of bread-and-cheese, &c.; a lump of wood or coal. A

+solid piece (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Junket=. A treat or spree; still in use. When potatoes were not so

+common as now, a man would complain of his wife's 'junketing wi' the

+taters,' i.e. digging them up before they were ripe, as a treat for

+the children.--N.W.

+

+=Just about=. Extremely. See ~About~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jut=. To nudge, to touch (S.).--N.W.

+

+

+=K=. _K_ sometimes becomes _t_, as _bleat_, bleak; _blunt_, blunk.

+Conversely, _t_ becomes _k_, as _sleek_, sleet.

+

+=Keach=, &c. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keavin=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+=Keck=. To retch as if sick (A.); to cough; also ~Cack~.--N.W.

+

+=Kecker=. The windpipe (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kecks=. Dry stalks of hemlock (A.B.). Hemlock must here be taken

+to mean several of the larger _Umbelliferae_, and to include

+occasionally growing plants as well as dry stems. There are many

+variants of the word, as ~Keeks~ (A.), ~Kecksey~ (A.B.), ~Gix~

+(A.B.H.Wr.), ~Gicksies~ (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii), ~Gicks~ (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Keep=, =Kip=. Growing food for cattle, &c. (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kerf=. A layer of turf or hay (A.B.C.). A truss of hay.--N.W.

+

+=Ketch=. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keys, or Keyn=. Fruit of ash and sycamore (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Kibble=. *(1) To chip a stone roughly into shape (A.). Cf. Glouc.

+_cabble_, to break smelted pig-iron into small pieces, before

+proceeding to draw it into bar-iron. *(2) To cut up firewood (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 210).--Obsolete.

+

+=Kid=. (1) _n._ The cod or pod of peas, beans, &c.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To form pods; used of peas and beans. _Well-kidded_, of beans or

+peas, having the stalks full of pods (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kidney-stones=. Dark water-worn pebbles (_Eulogy_, p. 28).--N.W.

+

+='Kin=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.

+

+=Kind=. Some woods and soils 'work kind,' i.e. easily,

+pleasantly.--N.W.

+

+=King's-cushion=. See ~Queen's-cushion~.

+

+=Kiss-behind-the-garden-gate=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London

+Pride.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Kissing-gate=. A 'Cuckoo-gate,' or swing gate in a V-shaped

+enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur Valerian.--N.W.

+

+*=Kite's Pan=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Kitty Candlestick=. _Ignis fatuus_, Will-o'-the-Wisp. ~Kit of the

+Candlestick~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 17, ed. Brit.).--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Kiver=. A cooler used in brewing (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Knacker=. To snap the fingers. Nacker (H.Wr.)--S.W.

+

+=Knap=, =Knop=. (1) _v._ To chip stone, as formerly in making a

+gun-flint.--N.W. (2) _n._ A little hill; a steep ascent in a road

+(S.). This is really a Devon use.--S.W. (Dorset bord.)

+

+=Knee-sick=. Of wheat, drooping at the joints, from weakness in the

+straw (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Knee-socked=. Corn beaten down by storms is 'knee-socked

+down.'--N.W. See ~Knee-sick~.

+

+=Knit=. Of fruit, to set. 'The gooseberries be knitted

+a'ready.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Knitch=, =Nitch=, =Niche=, &c. Usually spelt incorrectly, without

+the _k_. M.E. _knucche_, Germ. _knocke_: used by Wycliffe, also in

+_Alton Locke_, ch. xxviii. (1) _Nitch_, a burden of wood, straw, or

+hay (A.B.), such a faggot as a hedger or woodman may carry home with

+him at night; a short thick heavy chump of wood (_Village Miners_).

+Hence a fine baby is spoken of as 'a regular nitch' (_Ibid._). A

+bundle of gleaned corn (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) 'He has got a nitch,' is

+intoxicated, has had as much liquor as he can carry (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'He's got his market-nitch.'--_Tess of the D'Urbervilles_, vol.

+    i. p. 19.

+

+=Knot Couch=. _Avena elatior_, so called from the roots sometimes

+looking like a much-knotted cord or a string of beads.--N.W.

+

+=Koomb=. See ~Comb~ (S.).

+

+

+=Ladies-and-Gentlemen=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Leades an

+Genlmin (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Ladies'-balls=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Ladies-in-white=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.

+

+=Lady-cow=. The Ladybird.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-cushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Lady's-finger=. (1) Applied generally to _Lotus corniculatus_

+and _Hippocrepis comosa_, and occasionally also to _Lathyrus

+pratensis_. 'Leades vingers, the wild Calceolaria' (S.), probably

+refers to one of these flowers.--N. & S.W. (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin): N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lady's-glove=. 'The Greater Bird's-foot.'--S.W.

+

+=Lady's-nightcap=. The flower of _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed (A.B.).

+

+=Lady's-petticoat=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+=Lady's-ruffles=. The double white Narcissus.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-shoe=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lady's-slipper=. Applied generally to the same plants as

+Lady's-finger.

+

+*=Lain=. Of a smith, to dress the wing and point of a share (D.). See

+~Lay~ (4).

+

+=Laiter=, =Loiter=. A full laying or clutch of eggs. The whole number

+of eggs produced by a hen at one laying, before she gets broody and

+ceases to lay.--N.W.

+

+=Lake=. A small stream of running water.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Lambkins=. Catkins of hazel.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lamb's-cage=. A crib for foddering sheep in fold (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-creep=. A hole in the hurdles to enable the lambs to get out

+of the fold.--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-tails=. Catkins of willow and hazel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Land=. The 'rudge,' or ground between two water-furrows in a

+ploughed field.--N.W.

+

+    'The ploughman walks in the furrow his share has made,

+    and presently stops to measure the "lands" with the

+    spud.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii. pp. 130-1.

+

+*=Landshard=. The strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable

+in a common field (D.).

+

+=Land-spring=. A spring which only runs in wet weather (_Gamekeeper

+at Home_, ch. v. p. 109).--N.W.

+

+=Lane= (_a_ broad). A strip of grass, generally irregular, bounding

+an arable field.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+*=Lannock=. A long narrow piece of land (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Lanshet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+*=Lark's-seed=. _Plantago major_, L., Greater Plantain.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Latter Lammas=. An unpunctual person (S.)--S.W.

+

+    'When a person is habitually late and unpunctual, folks

+    say--"What a Latter Lammas thee beest, ta be sure!"'--_Letter

+    from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Lattermath=. Aftermath (A.B.). ~Lattermass~ at Cherhill.--N.W.

+

+=Lave=. (1) Of a candle, to gutter down (H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) To splash

+up water over yourself, as in a bath. 'Lave it well over ye.'--N.W.

+

+=Law=. In N. Wilts, when speaking of relations-in-law, the _in_

+is always omitted, as ~brother-law~, ~father-law~, &c., the only

+exception being ~son-in-law~.

+

+=Lay=. (1) _To lay a hedge_, to trim it back, cutting the boughs

+half through, and then bending them down and intertwining them so

+as to strengthen the fence (A.).--N. & S.W. (2) _To lay rough_, to

+sleep about under hedges like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _To lay up a

+field_, to reserve it for mowing.--S.W. (4) _To lay a tool_, to steel

+its edge afresh. This appears to be the same as Davis's _lain_, which

+is probably a contraction of _lay in_. At Mildenhall you often hear

+of _laying_ or _laying in_ a pickaxe, and the word is to be traced

+back for a century or more in the parish accounts there.--N. & S.W.

+(5) An idle dissipated man is said to _lay about_.--N.W.

+

+=Laylocks=. Usually _Syringa vulgaris_, L., Lilac, but rarely applied

+to _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock, in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Lay-over=. A wooden bar, or a rope, used to fasten tackle together.

+

+    'Two or three horses go abreast, each drawing a harrow

+    diagonally, all the harrows being fastened together with a

+    lay-over or rider.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. v.

+

+=Leach=. A strand of a rope.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lear=, =Leer=. (1) Empty (A.B.C.G.).--N. & S.W. (2) Hence, craving

+for food, hungry (A.C.S.).--N. & S.W. ~Leary~ is the usual form on

+the Som. bord.

+

+    'I never eat but two meals a day--breakfast and supper ... and

+    I'm rather lear (hungry) at supper.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+=Learn=. To teach. 'I'll learn 'ee to do that again, you young

+vaggot!' 'Her do want some 'un to learn she, 'stead o' she learnin'

+we!' In general use in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=, =Leaze=, &c.: sometimes used with a prefix, as ~Cow-leaze~,

+~Ox-leaze~. (1) As much pasture as will keep a cow (B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) A large open pasture. ~Legh~, ~Lease~ (Aubrey); ~Leaze~ (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=. To glean (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease-bread=. Bread made from lease-corn.--N.W.

+

+=Lease-corn=. Wheat collected by gleaning.--N.W.

+

+=Leaser=. A gleaner.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ledged=. See ~Lodged~.

+

+=Lemfeg=. An Elleme fig (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A cure-peg, a curry-peg,

+    A lem-feg, a dough-feg.'--_Wilts Nursery Jingle._

+

+*=Length=, =Lent=. A loan (A.B.). *~Lenth~ (S.).

+

+=Let-off=. To abuse.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+    'Maester let I off at a vine rate.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Lew= (pronounced _Loo_). (1) _adj._ Warm (H.).--N. & S.W. (2) _n._

+Shelter (A.B.C.S.). 'Get in the lew,' i.e. into a place sheltered

+from the wind. A.S. _hleo_, _hleow_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lewis's Cat=. A person suspected of incendiary habits. Many years

+ago fires are said to have occurred so frequently on the premises

+of a person of this name (whose _cat_ sometimes had the blame of

+starting them), that the phrase passed into common use, and a

+suspected man soon 'got the name of a Lewis's Cat,' now corrupted

+into 'Blue Cat.'--S.W.

+

+=Lewth=. Warmth (A.B.C.). Usually restricted to the sun's warmth, but

+in _Cunnington MS._ applied to a thin coat, which 'has no lewth in

+it.'--N.W.

+

+=Lew-warm=. Luke-warm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Libbet=. A fragment (S.). 'All in a libbet,' or 'All in libbets and

+jibbets,' torn to rags.--N. & S.W. Also ~Lippet~.

+

+*=Liberty=. _v._ To allow anything to run loose. 'It don't matter

+how much it's libertied,' the more freedom you can give it the

+better.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Licket=. 'All to a licket,' all to pieces.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lide=. The month of March (A.). A.S. _hl�da_, _hl�damonath_, the

+stormy month, from _hl�d_, boisterous, noisy (so Grein). This has

+nothing to do with _lide_ or _lithe_, mild, whence come the A.S.

+names for June and July. See _N. & Q._ Feb. 6, 1892.

+

+=Lieton=. See ~Litton~.

+

+=Lill=. To pant as a dog (A.B.H.).--N.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--S.W. (Farley and Charlton.) (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Limb=, =Limm=. (1) _n._ A ragged tear (_Village Miners_).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To tear irregularly, to jag out (_Ibid._).--N.W.

+

+=Limbers=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Linch=, =Linchet=, =Lynch=, =Lanshet= (N.W.), =Lytchet= (S.W.),

+=Linchard=, &c. (S.). A.S. _hlinc_, a bank. For articles on Lynchet,

+Linchet, or Linch, see _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xii. 185, and xv. 88. Also

+articles and letters in _Marlborough College Natural History Report_

+and _Marlborough Times_, 1892, Seebohm's _Village Community_, and

+Britten's _Old Country Words_. In an old MS. schedule of land at

+Huish, N.W., '_Lanshes and borders_,' i.e. turf boundary banks and

+field margins, are enumerated. (1) Certain terraces, a few yards

+wide, on the escarpment of the downs, probably the remains of ancient

+cultivation, are locally known as ~Lynches~ or ~Lynchets~.--N. &

+S.W. (2) The very narrow ledges, running in regular lines along the

+steep face of a down, probably made by sheep feeding there, are

+also frequently so called.--S.W. (3) A raised turf bank dividing or

+bounding a field.--S.W. (4) A strip of greensward dividing two pieces

+of arable land in a common field (D.).--N. & S.W. (5) An inland

+cliff, cf. 'The Hawk's Lynch' (_Tom Brown at Oxford_); occasionally

+applied to a steep slope or escarpment, as at Bowood and Warminster.

+

+*=Linchard= A precipitous strip of land on a hillside, left

+unploughed (_Spring-tide_, pp. 79 and 186). See ~Linch~. Cf. A.S.

+_hlinc_, a bank; and perhaps _sceard_, a piece or portion (Skeat).

+

+*=Lined=. Of an animal, having a white back (D.).

+

+=Linet=. Tinder (H.Wr.). Tinder was made of linen.--N.W., not long

+obsolete.

+

+*=Lipe=. A pleat or fold in cloth.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Lipping=. Of weather, showery, wet, and stormy. 'I thenks as we

+shall have a ter'ble lipping summer to-year.' Cf. Lipping-time, a wet

+season, Glouc., and _Lippen'_, showery, Som.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Litten=, =Litton=. A churchyard. Lieton (H.Wr.) ~Chirche-litoun~

+(_Chron. Vilod._). Still used in Hants, but probably now obsolete in

+Wilts (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxv. p. 129).

+

+    'His next bed will be in the Litten, if he be laying on the

+    ground on such a night as this.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 161.

+

+*=Liver-sand=. See quotation.

+

+    'Sand-veins ... which are deep and tough, and are of the nature

+    called in Wilts "liver-sand."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+=Lob=. Of leaves, to droop limply, as cabbages do before rain.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lock=. 'A lock of hay,' a small quantity of hay (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Locks-and-Keys=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, D.C. The usual cottagers'

+name for it in Somerset.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Locky=. Of hay which has not been properly shaken about, stuck

+together in locks as it was cut.--N.W.

+

+=Lodged=. Of wheat, laid or beaten down by wind or rain (D.).--N. &

+S.W. Also ~Ledged~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).

+

+=Log=. See ~Lug~ (1).

+

+=Loggered=. A boy who is at plough all day often gets so _loggered_,

+or weighed down with _loggers_, all the time, that he comes home at

+night quite exhausted.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Loggers=. Lumps of dirt on a ploughboy's feet.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) In Glouc. a 'logger' is a small log attached to a horse's

+foot, to prevent straying.

+

+=Loggerums=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N.W. *(2)

+'Scabious' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Loiter=. See ~Laiter~.

+

+=Lolloper=. A lazy lout (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lollup=. (1) To loll out. 'Look at _he_, wi' he's tongue a lolluping

+out o' he's mouth, vor aal the world like a dog!'--N.W. (2) To loll

+about, to idle about. 'What be a-lollupin' about like that vor?'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Long Eliza=. A kind of long blue earthen jar, formerly often seen

+in cottages.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+    'The high black chimney-shelf was covered with crockery of

+    a low type of beauty; pink and yellow china dogs shared

+    their elevated station with "long Elizas" and squat female

+    figures.'--_Dark_, ch. i.

+

+=Longful=. Tedious (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Long purples=. _Lythrum Salicaria_, L., Purple Loosestrife. Rarely

+used. Tennyson's 'long purples of the dale' have been identified by

+himself as _Vicia Cracca_; Shakespeare's are either _Orchis mascula_,

+or _Arum maculatum_, while Clare applies the name to _Lythrum_.

+

+=Long-winded=. 'A long-winded man' always means one who is very slow

+to pay his debts.--N.W.

+

+=Long wood=. The long branches which are bent down and used to weave

+in and bind a hedge when it is being laid.--N.W.

+

+=Lope along=. To run as a hare does.--S.W.

+

+=Loppet=. (1) _v._ The same as ~Lope~. (2) _v._ To idle about, to

+slouch about. 'A girt veller, allus a loppetin' about.'--N.W. Cf.

+~Sloppet~.

+

+=Loppetty=. Weak, out of sorts.--N.W.

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lot=. To reckon, expect, think. 'I do lot her's a bad 'un.'--N.W.

+

+=Lot-meads=. (1) Common meadows divided into equal-sized pieces, for

+the hay of which lots were cast each year (D.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '"Lot Mead" is not an uncommon name of fields in Wiltshire

+    parishes. It is perhaps a vestige of the original partition

+    of lands when cleared, which the chronicler Simeon of Durham

+    says were distributed by lot. See Kemble's _Anglo-Saxons_, i.

+    91.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, note, p. 198.

+

+(2) A kind of festival in connexion with this division.

+

+    'Here [at Wanborough] is a Lott-mead celebrated yearly with

+    great ceremony. The Lord weareth a garland of flowers: the

+    mowers at one house have always a pound of beefe and a head of

+    garlic every man.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 198.

+

+Nothing more appears to be known about this festival.--N.W.

+(Wanborough), obsolete.

+

+*=Lottle=. _v._ To sound as water trickling in a small stream. Cf.

+~Glox~.--N.W.

+

+=Love-an'-idols=, or =Loving Idols=. _Viola tricolor_, L.,

+Love-in-idleness, usually the wild form, but occasionally applied to

+the garden pansy also. ~Nuffin-idols~ at Clyffe Pypard. ~Lovenidolds~

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Loving-andrews=. _Geranium pratense_, L., Meadow Cranesbill

+(_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Lowl-eared=. Long-eared (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Luce=. (1) Luke-warm.--S.W. *(2) A sore in sheep.--S.W.

+

+=Lug=. (1) In land measure, a pole or perch (A.B.G.H.S.). ~Log~ (_MS.

+Gough_: K.Wr.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A lug ... is of three lengths in this county: 15, 18, and

+    16-1/2 feet. The first of these measures is getting out of

+    use, but is still retained in some places, particularly in

+    increasing mason's work. The second is the ancient forest

+    measure, and is still used in many parts of the county for

+    measuring wood-land. But the last, which is the statute perch,

+    is by much the more general.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 268.

+

+(2) Any rod or pole (D.H.), as a perch for fowls, a clothes pole

+(A.B.). See ~Oven-lug~.

+

+    'Olde Freeman doe weare ruggs [coarse cloth],

+    And Thomas Lord doe goe to the woods to steal poles and luggs.'

+

+         Seventeenth century doggrell rhymes from Wroughton,

+             quoted in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 216.

+

+=Lug-wood=. Lops and tops of trees.--S.W.

+

+=Lummakin=. Heavy, ungainly, clumsy (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Lumper=. To move heavily, to stumble along. Of a pony, to stumble.

+To kick against anything (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, Pewsey, &c.)

+

+=Lumpus=. (1) Noise, row. 'Don't 'ee make such a lumpus.'--N.W. (2)

+All in a lump, heavily, as applied to a fall. 'Th'oss didn't vall

+down, but a come down wi' a kind of a lumpus.'--N.W.

+

+=Lump work=. Piece work.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lumpy=. Stout and strong. To say to any one, 'Why, ye be growed main

+lumpy!' is to pay him a high compliment.--N.W.

+

+=Lurry=. Of cows, suffering from looseness.--N.W.

+

+=Lynchet=, =Lytchet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+    'Another British coin, found on the "lytchets" at East Dean,

+    has passed into the cabinet of Dr. Blackmore.'--_Wilts Arch.

+    Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 242.

+

+

+=Maakin=. See ~Malkin~.

+

+=Mace=. See Note to quotation.

+

+    'This is a style still used by the lower classes in North

+    Wiltshire to tradesmen and sons of farmers. Thus at Ogbourne

+    St. George, a brickmaker whose name is Davis, is called "Mace

+    Davis," and sons of farmers are called "Mace John," or "Mace

+    Thomas," the surname being sometimes added and sometimes

+    not.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 338.

+

+This seems a misapprehension. The word used is simply _Mais'_

+(before a consonant), a shortened form of 'Maister.' 'Mais' John'

+is short for Maister John. Before a vowel it would be _Mais'r_ or

+_Maistr'_--as 'Maistr' Etherd' [Edward].--N.W.

+

+    '_Mas_ was formerly a common contraction for _master_, e.g.

+    "Mas John," and is used by Ben Jonson and other Elizabethan

+    writers. See Nares, s.v. _Mas_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mad=. Of land, spoilt, damaged, as by sudden heat after much rain

+(Lisle's _Husbandry_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Madde=. *(1) _Asperula odorata_, L., Sweet Woodruff.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.) (2) _Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Madell= (_a_ broad), =Medal=, &c. The game of 'Merrills' or 'Nine

+Men's Morris.' Also known as ~Puzzle-Pound~. Several varieties of

+~Madell~ are played in Wilts, known respectively as ~Eleven-penny~

+(strictly ~The Merrills~), ~Nine-penny~, ~Six-penny~, and

+~Three-penny~, according to the number of pieces used. 'Eleven-penny'

+is played with eleven pieces each side, instead of nine, the

+game being in other respects identical with 'Nine Men's Morris'

+as described in Strutt's _Sports and Pastimes_. The players move

+alternately, and the general principle is to get three pieces

+together in a line anywhere on the dots or holes, while at the same

+time preventing your adversary from making a line. 'Nine-penny,'

+'Six-penny,' and 'Three-penny' differ only in the number of men

+each side and the form of the board (_see diagrams_). The 'board' is

+scratched or chalked out on paving-stones, drawn on the slate, cut

+deep into the turf on the downs, or the top of the corn-bin (with

+holes instead of dots), in short, made anywhere and anyhow. The 'men'

+or 'pieces' may be anything available, sticks being played against

+stones, beans against oats, &c.--N.W. (Devizes, &c.)

+

+[Illustration: Nine Men's Morris, or Eleven-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Nine-penny Madell, or The Merrills.]

+

+[Illustration: Six-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Three-penny Madell.]

+

+=Maggots=. _n._ Tricks, nonsense. 'Her's at her maggots again.'--N.W.

+

+*=Maggotting=. Meddling (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Maggotty=. _adj._ Frisky, playful (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Picus caudatus_, the Magpie (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f.

+2), still in use.--N.W.

+

+*=Maiden's Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy. See

+~Honesty~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'All the hedges about Thickwood (in the parish Colerne) are ...

+    hung with maydens honesty.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, Royal Soc. MS.

+    p. 120.

+

+=Main=. (1) _adv._ Very, as 'main good,' excellent (A.B.).--N.& S.W.

+(2) _adj._ 'A main sight o' frawk,' a great number (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mais'=. See ~Mace~.

+

+=Make=. 'That makes me out,' puzzles me (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Malkin=. See ~Mawkin~.

+

+*=Mammered=. Perplexed (A.).

+

+*=Mammock=. _v._ To pull to pieces (_Leisure Hour_, August,

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'He did so set his teeth and tear it; O, I warrant, how he

+    mammocked it!'--SHAKESPEARE, _Coriolanus_, i. 3.

+

+*=Mander=. To order about in a worrying dictatorial fashion (S.).

+'Measter do mander I about so.'--S.W.

+

+=Mandy= (long _a_). (1) Frolicsome, saucy, impudent (A.B.C.): now

+only used by very old people.--N.W. *(2) Showy (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Mar=. See ~More~.

+

+=Marlbro'-handed=. People who used their tools awkwardly were

+formerly called '_Marlbro'-handed vawk_,' natives of Marlborough

+being traditionally famed for clumsiness and unhandiness.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Marley=. Streaky, marbled; applied to fat beef, or bacon from a fat

+pig, where the fat seems to streak and grain the lean.--N.W.

+

+=Martin=, =Free-martin=. A calf of doubtful sex.--N.W. An animal with

+an ox-like head and neck, which never breeds, but is excellent for

+fatting purposes. It is commonly supposed that a female calf born

+twin with a male is always a free-martin. Recent investigations,

+however, have proved that though the external organs of a free-martin

+may be female the internal are in all cases male. The rule laid

+down by Geddes and Thomson is that twin calves are always normal

+when of opposite sex or both female; but that if both are male one

+is invariably thus abnormal (_Evolution of Sex_, ch. iii. p. 39).

+Compare Scotch _ferow_ or _ferry cow_, a cow not in calf, and _mart_,

+an ox; also A.S. _fear_, a bullock (_Folk-Etymology_).

+

+=Masked=. See ~A-masked~.

+

+=Mathern=, =Mauthern=. *(1) _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye

+Daisy (A.D.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) Wild Camomile (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+*=Maudlin=. The Ox-eye Daisy (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Mawk= (pronounced _Maak_). To clean out the oven with the 'maakin,'

+before putting in the batch of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Mawkin=, =Malkin=, =Maak=, or =Maakin=, (1) An oven-swab with which

+the charcoal sticks are swept out of the oven, before putting in the

+batch (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The malkin, being wetted, cleaned out the ashes ... malkin

+    [is] a bunch of rags on the end of a stick.'--_Great Estate_,

+    ch. viii.

+

+(2) Also used as a term of reproach.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee looks like a girt maakin.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=May-beetle=, The cockchafer (A.B.).

+

+*=May-blobs=, =May-blubs=, or =May-bubbles=, Flowers and buds of

+_Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+=Mazzard=, *(1) A small kind of cherry (_English Plant Names_).

+~Merry~ is the usual Wilts name, _Mazzard_ being Dev. and Som. (2)

+The head (A.), but only in such threats as:--

+

+    'I'll break thee mazzard vor thee!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 31.

+

+Ben Jonson has _mazzarded_, broken-headed.--N.W.

+

+*=Meadow-soot=, _Spiraea Ulmaria_, L., Meadow-sweet (_Great Estate_,

+ch. ii). _Sote_, or _soot_=sweet.--N.W.

+

+*=Mealy=, Mild and damp. ''Twar a oncommon mealy marnin'.'--N.W.

+(Bratton.)

+

+=Measle-flower=, The garden Marigold, the dried flowers having some

+local reputation as a remedy. Children, however, have an idea that

+they may catch the complaint from handling the plant.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Med=, See ~Mid~.

+

+=Meg=, =Meggy=. (1) In the game of ~Must~, q.v., a small

+stone--called a 'meg' or 'meggy'--is placed on the top of a large

+one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,' of which each player has

+one.--N. & S.W. *(2) ~Maig.~ A peg (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mere=. A boundary line or bank of turf.--N. & S.W. A turf boundary

+between the downs on adjoining farms: formed by cutting two thick

+turves, one smaller than the other, and placing them, upside down,

+with the smaller one on top, at intervals of about a chain along the

+boundary line.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+    'Two acres of arable, of large measure, in Pen field, lying

+    together and bounded by meres on both sides.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, dated 1704.

+

+=Mere-stone=. A boundary stone (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Merry=. The cherry; applied to both black and red varieties, but

+especially the small semi-wild fruit.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Merry-flower=. The wild Cherry.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Mesh= (_e_ long). Moss or lichen on an old apple-tree.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Messenger=. (1) A sunbeam reaching down to the horizon from behind a

+cloud is sometimes said to be the sun 'sending out a messenger.' Cf.

+Cope's _Hants Glossary_. Used by children in both N. & S. Wilts. (2)

+_pl._ The small detached clouds that precede a storm (_Greene Ferne

+Farm_, ch. vi).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mice's-mouths=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Snapdragon.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Michaelmas Crocus=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron.--N.W.

+

+=Mickle=. Much (A.S.). A.S. _micel_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Mid=, =Med=. _v._ Might or may (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Middling=. (1) Ailing in health (H.); ~Middlinish~ (_Wilts Tales_,

+p. 137).--N. & S.W. (2) Tolerable, as 'a middlin' good crop.'

+~Middlekin~ is occasionally used in S. Wilts in this sense.--N. &

+S.W. 'Very middling' (with a shake of the head), bad, or ill; 'pretty

+middling' (with a nod), good, or well (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 112).

+

+*=Midstay=. The barn-floor between the mows.--N.W. (Aldbourne.)

+Compare _Middlestead_, a threshing-floor: _East of England_; also

+

+    'The old and one-eyed cart-horse dun

+    The middenstead went hobbling round,

+    Blowing the light straw from the ground.'

+

+                      W. MORRIS, _The Land East of the Sun_.

+

+=Midsummer men=. _Sedum Fabaria_, Koch., a variety of the red

+Orpine.--N.W. occasionally; S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Mild=. Of stone or wood, easily worked (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+*=Milk-flower=. _Lychnis vespertina_, Sibth., Evening Campion.--S.W.

+(Charlton All Saints.)

+

+=Milkmaids=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. In common

+use in Hill Deverill and Longbridge Deverill, also at Farley and

+Hamptworth.--S.W.

+

+=Milkwort=. _Euphorbia Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mill=. To clean clover-seed from the husk (D.). ~Milled Hop~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+=Miller=, =Millard=, =Mallard=, or =Dusty Miller=. A large white moth

+(A.S.); generally extended to any large night-flying species.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Mill-peck=. A kind of hammer with two chisel-heads, used for

+deepening the grooves of the millstone (_Great Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+*=Mill-staff=. A flat piece of wood, rubbed with ruddle, by which

+the accuracy of the work done by the mill-peck may be tested (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+=Mind=. (1) To remind. 'That minds I o' Lunnon, it do.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) To remember. 'I minds I wur just about bad then.'--N. & S.W. (3)

+'To be a mind to anything,' to be inclined to do it.--N.W.

+

+=Minding=. A reminder. After a severe illness you are apt to have

+'the mindings on't' now and again.--N.W.

+

+=Minnies=. Small fry of all kinds of fish.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mint=. A cheese-mite (A.). The older form of _mite_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Minty=. Of cheese, full of mites (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Mist-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. More commonly called ~Dew-ponds~.--S.W. (Broadchalke, &c.)

+

+=Mixen=, =Muxen=. A dungheap (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mix-muddle=. One who muddles things imbecilely (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Miz-maze=. Puzzle, perplexity, confusion.--S.W.

+

+=Miz-mazed=. Thoroughly puzzled, stupefied. Stunned (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mizzy-mazey=. Confused. Used of print swimming before the eyes.--S.W.

+

+=Moile=. Dirt, mud. ~Mwoile~ (A.). 'Aal in a mwoile.'--N.W.

+

+=Moll*'ern=, =Molly Heron=. The Heron (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Mommick=, =Mommet=. A scarecrow. Cf. ~Mummock~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Money-in-both-pockets=. _Lunaria biennis_, L., Honesty, from

+the seeds showing on both sides of the dissepiment through the

+transparent pod.

+

+=Monkey-musk=. The large garden varieties of _Mimulus_, which

+resemble the true musk, but are scentless, and therefore merely

+_monkey_ (i.e. mock, spurious) musk.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Monkey Nut=. _Poa annua_, L., Meadow Grass; eaten by boys for its

+nut-like flavour.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Monkey-plant=. Garden _Mimulus_ (_Wild Life_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Mooch=. See ~Mouch~.

+

+=Moocher=. See ~Moucher~.

+

+=Moochers=. Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry (S.). Cf.

+~Berry-moucher~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Moon-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii). A very general name, especially in N. Wilts. The

+flowers are sometimes called ~Moons~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moonied up=. Coddled and spoilt by injudicious bringing up. 'Gells

+as be moonied up bean't never no good.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moots=. Roots of trees left in the ground (A.). See ~Stowls~.--E.W.

+

+=Mop=. (1) A Statute Fair for hiring servants (A.B.); also used in

+Glouc. (_Wilts Tales_, p. 33).--N.W. (2) A rough tuft of grass.

+

+=Moral=. A child is said to be the 'very moral,' or exact likeness,

+of its father. A form of 'model.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=More=, =Mar=, =Moir=. (1) An old root or stump of a tree.--N. &

+S.W. (2) A root of any plant (A.B.G.S.: Aubrey's _Wilts MS._), as

+'a strawberry more'; 'fern mars'; 'cowslip mars,' &c. (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vii.) Occasionally ~Moir~ in N. Wilts, as in ~Crazy

+Moir~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moreish=. Appetizing, so good that you want more of it. 'Viggy

+pudden be oncommon moreish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mort=. _n._ A quantity.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Her talks a mort too vine.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+    'I stuck up to her a mort o' Sundays.'--_Ibid._ ch. xv.

+

+=Most-in-deal=. Usually, generally (A.B.C.). 'Where do 'e bide now,

+Bill?' 'Most-in-deal at 'Vize [Devizes], but zometimes at Ziszeter

+[Cirencester].' ~Most-in-general~ is more commonly used now.--N.W.

+

+=Most-in-general=. Usually.--N.W.

+

+    'Most in gen'ral I catches sight of you when I goes by wi' the

+    horses, but you wasn't in the garden this afternoon.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. i.

+

+=Mote=, =Maute=. A morsel of anything, a very minute quantity.--S.W.,

+formerly.

+

+=Mother-of-thousands=. (1) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.--S.W. (2)

+_Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Mother Shimbles' Snick-needles=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Mothery=. Thick, muddy, as spoilt beer or vinegar (A.B.C.S.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Mouch=, =Mooch=. (1) _v._ To prowl about the woods and lanes,

+picking up such unconsidered trifles as nuts, watercresses,

+blackberries, ferns, and flower-roots, with an occasional turn at

+poaching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vii); to pilfer out-of-doors,

+as an armful of clover from the fresh-cut swathe (_Hodge and his

+Masters_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Probably connected with O.F. _mucer_, _muchier_, Fr. _musser_,

+    to hide, to lurk about. It always implies something done more

+    or less by stealth.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(2) _v._ To play the truant.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To be sulky or out

+of temper.--N. & S.W. (4) _n._ 'In a mouch,' in a bad temper. 'On the

+mouch,' gone off mouching.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moucher=, =Moocher=. (1) A truant (A.B.). See ~Berry-moucher~.--N.

+& S.W. (2) A man who lives by mouching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moulter=. Of birds, to moult.--N.W.

+

+=Mound=. (1) _n._ A hedge. In general use in N. Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To hedge in or enclose.--N.W.

+

+    'The Churchyard ... to be mounded partly by the manor, partly

+    by the parish and parsonage except only one gate to be

+    maintained by the vicar.'--1704, _Hilmarton Parish Terrier_.

+

+=Mouse=. The 'mouse' is a small oblong piece of muscle, under the

+blade-bone of a pig.--N.W.

+

+    'The chief muscles of the body were named from lively animals;

+    e.g. ... _mus_, mouse, the biceps muscle of the arm, and so

+    in A.S. and O.H.G. Cf. _musculus_, (1) a little mouse, (2) a

+    muscle.' (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 615, sub Calf.)--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mousetails=. A kind of grass, perhaps Cats'-tail, but not

+_Myosorus_.--N.W.

+

+*=Moutch=. 'On the moutch,' shuffling (H.). Some meaning of ~Mouch~

+has probably here been misunderstood.

+

+=Mouthy=. _adj._ Abusive, cheeky, impudent.--S.W.

+

+=Mow=. In a barn, the unboarded space at each end of the

+threshing-floor, where the corn used to be heaped up for

+threshing.--N.W.

+

+*=Mowing-machine Bird=. _Salicaria locustella_, Grasshopper Warbler,

+from its peculiar note (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 154).--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Much=. (1) 'It's much if he do,' most likely he won't do it. 'It's

+much if he don't,' most likely he will.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make much

+of, to pet. 'Her do like muching,' i.e. being petted.--N.W.

+

+=Much-about=. Used intensively.--N.W.

+

+    'I was never one to go bellockin', though I've allus had

+    much-about raison to murmur.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+=Muck=. Dirt, mud, earth.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mucker=. A miserly person (S.) Cf. ~Mouch~.--S.W.

+

+    'A fine old word, that I do not remember to have met with

+    in other counties. It=Old Eng. _mokerer_ (_Old English

+    Miscellany_, E. E. T. S. p. 214), a miser; Scot. _mochre_,

+    _mokre_, to hoard.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Muckle=. (1) _n._ Manure, long straw from the stable (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (2) 'Muckle over,' to cover over tender

+plants with long straw in autumn, to protect them from frost.--N.W.

+

+=Muddle-fuss=. A persistent meddler with other people's

+affairs.--N.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+*=Mudel over=. The same as _Muckle over_, q.v. (_Agric. of Wilts_,

+ch. vii).

+

+=Mud-up=. (1) To pamper and spoil a child.--S.W. (Hants bord.) *(2)

+To bring up by hand (H.Wr.), as 'Mud the child up, dooke' (_Monthly

+Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Muggeroon=. A mushroom.--N.W.

+

+=Muggerum=. Part of the internal fat of a pig.--N.W.

+

+=Muggle=. (1) _n._ Confusion, muddle (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here we be, ael in a muggle like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(2) To live in a muddling, haphazard way.--N.W. Cf.:--

+

+    'Most on us 'ad a precious sight rather work for a faermer

+    like the old measter, an' have our Saturday night reg'lar,

+    than go muggling the best way we could, an' take our

+    chance.'--_Jonathan Merle_, xxxvii. 412.

+

+=Muggle-pin=. The pin in the centre of a want-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Mullin=. The headstall of a cart-horse: sometimes extended to the

+headstall and blinkers of a carriage horse.--N.W.

+

+=Mullock=. A heap of rubbish (A.B.), now applied to mine refuse in

+Australia.

+

+=Mummock=. A shapeless confused mass. A clumsily-swaddled baby or

+badly-dressed woman would be 'aal in a mummock.'--N.W.

+

+=Mum up=. To make much of, pamper, pet, and spoil. 'A granny-bred

+child's allus a-mummed up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mun=. Used in addressing any person, as 'Doesn't thee knaw that,

+mun?' (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Must=. A game played by children: a small stone--'a meggy'--is

+placed on the top of a large one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,'

+of which each player has one.--N.W.

+

+=Muxen=. See ~Mixen~.

+

+

+=Nacker=. See ~Knacker~.

+

+=Nail-passer=. A gimlet (A.). Kennett has _Nailsin_ in a similar

+sense.--N.W.

+

+    '"Here's the kay" ... holding up a small gimlet. "Whoy, thuck

+    ben't a kay ... that's nothing but a nail-passer."'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 44.

+

+=Nails=. _Bellis perennis_, L., Daisy.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Naked Boys=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron, the flowers

+and leaves of which do not appear together (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 51, ed. Brit.). _Naked Lady_ in Cornw., Yks., &c., and

+_Naked Virgins_ in Chesh.--N. & S.W. (Huish, Stockton, &c.)

+

+*=Naked Nanny=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron. See ~Naked

+Boys~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Nammet=. See ~Nummet~ (S.).

+

+='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.C.). See ~Anan~.

+

+=Nanny-fodger=, or =Nunny-fudger=. (1) A meddlesome prying

+person.--S.W. (2) _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Narration=. Fuss, commotion. 'He do allus make such a narration

+about anythin'.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nash=, =Naish=, =Nesh=. (1) Tender, delicate, chilly

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (2) Tender and juicy: applied to

+lettuces.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Nation=, =Nashun=, &c. Very, extremely, as _nation dark_

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nation-grass=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., perhaps an abbreviation of

+Carnation-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Natomy=, =Notamy=, =Notamize=, &c. A very thin person or animal, an

+anatomy.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Naumpey=. A weak foolish-minded person.--N.W.

+

+*=Navigator=. A drain-maker's spade, with a stout narrow gouge-like

+blade (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi), more usually known as a ~Graft~.

+

+=Neal=, =Nealded=. See ~Anneal~.

+

+=Neck-headland=. 'To fall neck-headland,' i.e. headlong.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Neet=. See ~Nit~ (S.).

+

+=Neoust of a neoustness=. Nearly alike (A.). See ~Aneoust~.--N.W.

+

+=Nesh=. See ~Nash~.

+

+=Nessel-tripe=, =Nessel-trip=, =Nussel-trip=. The smallest and

+weakest pig in a litter. Commonly used in the Deverills, and

+elsewhere.--S.W.

+

+=Nettle-creeper=. Applied generally in Wilts to the following

+three birds:--(1) _Curruca cinerea_, Common Whitethroat, (2) _C.

+sylvatica_, Lesser Whitethroat, and (3) _C. hortensis_, Garden

+Warbler (_Birds of Wilts_, pp. 159-161).--N.W.

+

+=Neust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Neust alike=. Nearly alike.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Neust of a neustness=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+*=Never-the-near=. To no purpose, uselessly. 'I cwourted she ten

+year, but there, 'twer aal niver-the-near.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Next akin to nothing=. Very little indeed. 'There's next akin to

+nothen left in the barrel.'--N.W.

+

+=Nibs=. The handles of a scythe (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Niche=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nightcaps=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., the garden Columbine.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Night-fall=. _n._ A disease in horses. A humour in the fetlock

+joint, recurring until it produces incurable lameness.--S.W.

+

+    'Witness ... told him his animal was very lame, and asked

+    what was the matter with it. He replied, "Nothing, it is

+    only 'night-fall,' and it comes on several times during the

+    year."'--_Wilts County Mirror_, Oct. 27, 1893.

+

+=Nightingale=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--S.W.

+(Hants bord.)

+

+*=Night Violet=. _Habenaria chlorantha_, Bab., Greater Butterfly

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Nine-holes=. A game played by children.--N.W.

+

+    'This is mentioned among the "illegal games" in the Castle

+    Combe records.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p. 156.

+

+    '1576. _Lusum illicitum vocatum_ nyne holes.'--SCROPE'S

+    _History of Castle Combe_.

+

+=Nineter=. (1) 'A nineter young rascal,' a regular scamp. Not

+perverted from _anoint_ (as if it meant set apart to evil courses and

+an evil end), but from Fr. _anoient�_, _an�anti_, brought to nothing,

+worthless (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 9).--N.W. (Seend.) *(2) A skinflint

+(S.).

+

+=Ninny-hammer=. A fool, a silly person.--N.W.

+

+='Nint=. See ~Anoint~.

+

+='Ninting= (_i_ long). A beating. See ~Anoint~.--N.W.

+

+=Nipper=. A small boy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nippers=. The same as ~Grab-hook~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Nippy=. Stingy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nistn't=. Need not.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee nistn't hoopy at I--I can hyar as well as thee.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+=Nit, Neet=. Nor yet. Wrongly defined by Akerman, Slow, and others as

+_not yet_. 'I han't got no money nit no vittles.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nitch=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nog=. A rough block or small log of wood.--N.W.

+

+=Nog-head=. A blockhead (S.). ~Nug-head~ in W. Somerset.--S.W.

+

+=Nolens volens=. Used in N. Wilts in various corrupted forms, as

+'I be gwain, nolus-bolus,' in any case; 'vorus-norus,' rough,

+blustering; and 'snorus-vorus,' vehemently.

+

+=Noodle along=. To lounge aimlessly along, to move drowsily and

+heavily, as a very spiritless horse.--N.W.

+

+=*Noon-naw=. A stupid fellow, a 'know-naught' (_Great Estate_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Nor, Nur=. Than; as 'better nur that' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. A cow without horns (A.). A.S. _hnot_, clipped, shorn.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Noust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Nummet=. The 'noon-meat' or noon-day meal (A.). ~Nammet~ in S.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Numpinole=. The Pimpernel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Nuncheon, Nunchin=. The noon-meal (A.S.). ~Nunch~ (_Wilts Tales_, p.

+117).--N.W.

+

+=Nunchin-bag=. The little bag in which ploughmen carry their meals

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Nunny-fudging=. Nonsense. 'That's all nunny-fudgen.'--N.W., now

+nearly obsolete.

+

+=Nunny-fudgy=. 'A nunny-fudgy chap,' a poor sort of a fellow with no

+go in him: now used only by old people.--N.W.

+

+=Nur=. See ~Nor~.

+

+=*Nurk=. The worst pig of a litter. See ~Rinnick~.--N.W.

+

+=Nurly=. Of soil: lying in lumps.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Nut=. The nave of a wheel (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Nyst, Niest=. Often used in Mid Wilts in same way as _neust_, as 'I

+be nyst done up,' i.e. over tired.

+

+=Nythe=. A brood, as 'a nythe o' pheasants'; always used by

+gamekeepers.--N.W. Apparently a form of Fr. _nid_, a nest. In the

+New Forest they say 'an _eye_ of pheasants.' See Cope's _Hampshire

+Glossary_ (s.v. _Nye_).

+

+

+=Oak-tree loam or clay=. The Kimmeridge Clay (Britton's _Beauties_,

+1825, vol. iii., also Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 113, &c.).

+

+=Oat-hulls= (pronounced Wut-hulls). Oat chaff and refuse.--S.W.

+

+=Oaves=. (1) Oat chaff.--N. & S.W. (Huish, &c.) (2) The eaves of a

+house (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A good old form. Mid. Eng. _ovese_ (_Old Eng. Miscell._, E.

+    E. T. S. p. 15, l. 465),=O. H. Germ, _opasa_ (_Vocab. of S.

+    Gall_).'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Odds=. (1) _v._ To alter, change, set right. 'I'll soon odds that'

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).--N.W. (2) _n._ Difference.

+'That don't make no odds to I.' 'What's the odds to thee?' what does

+it matter to you?--N.W.

+

+=Oddses=. Odds and ends.

+

+=Oddy=. (1) See ~Huddy~. (2) Strong, vigorous, in hearty health.--N.W.

+

+=Of=. With. 'You just come along o' I!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Offer=. 'To offer to do a thing,' to make as though you were going

+to do it, or to begin to do it. 'He offered to hit I,' i.e. did not

+_say_ he would, but just put up his fists and let out.--N.W.

+

+=Old man=. (1) _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W.

+

+=Old man's beard=. (1) _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when

+in fruit.--N. & S.W. (2) The mossy galls on the dog-rose.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Old Sow=. _Melilotus coerulea_, L., from its peculiar odour

+(_Science Gossip_, Nov. 1868).--N. & S.W., rarely.

+

+*=Old woman's bonnet=. _Geum rivale_, Water Avens.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+*=Old woman's pincushion=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted

+Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Ollit=. See ~Elet~.

+

+=On=. (1) =_in_, prep., as 'I run agen un on th' street' (A.).--N.

+& S.W. (2) =_in_, prefix, as _ondacent_.--N. & S.W. (3) =_im_,

+prefix, as _onpossible_ (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (4) =_un_, prefix, as

+_ongainly_ (B.). _Onlight_, to alight.--N. & S.W. (5) =_of_, as 'I

+never did thenk much on 'en.'--N. & S.W. (6) =_by_, as 'He come on a

+mistake.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Once=. (1) Some time or other (M.). 'Once before ten o'clock,' some

+time or other before ten.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Send it once this morning, dooke.'--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+(2) 'I don't once (=for one moment) think as you'll catch un.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Oo=. Such words as _hood_, wood, _want_, a mole, _wonder_, &c., are

+usually pronounced in N. Wilts as _'ood_, _'oont_, _'oonder_.

+

+*=Organy=. (1) _Mentha Pulegium_, L., Pennyroyal (A.B.). (2)

+_Origanum vulgare_, L., Marjoram (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Otherguise=. Otherwise.--N.W.

+

+=Out-axed=. Of a couple, having had their banns fully asked, or

+called for the last time (_Wilts Tales_, p. 100). The banns are then

+_out_, and the couple _out-axed_.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-cake=. Half a loaf, baked at the oven's mouth.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-lug=. The pole used as a poker in an oven. See ~Lug~ (2).--N.W.

+

+*=Over-get=. To overtake, to catch up.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Overlayer=. See quotation.

+

+    'The waggons ... seldom have any overlayers or out-riggers,

+    either at the ends or sides.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xxxviii.

+

+=Overlook=. To bewitch. Rare in Wilts, common in Dev. and Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Over-right=, =Vorright=. Opposite to.--N.W.

+

+=Owl about=. To moon about out of doors in the dark.--N.W.

+

+=Owling=. The same as ~Griggling~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+Compare:--

+

+    'Howlers. Boys who in former times went round wassailing the

+    orchards.'--PARISH, _Sussex Glossary_.

+

+    'The wenches with their wassail bowls

+    About the streets are singing;

+    The boys are come to catch the owls.'--G. WITHER.

+

+*=Owl-catchers=. Gloves of stout leather (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).

+

+

+=Pack-rag Day=. October 11, Old Michaelmas Day, when people change

+house. Also used in Suffolk.--N.W.

+

+*=Paint-brushes=. _Eleocharis palustris_, Br.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+=Palm-tree=. The Willow. ~Palms.~ Its catkins.--S.W.

+

+=Pamper=. To mess about, to spoil a thing.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pancherd=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pank=. To pant (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Panshard=, =Ponshard=, =Pancherd=. (1) A potshard: a broken bit of

+crockery (A.B.S.).--N.W. (2) 'In a panshard,' out of temper, in a

+rage.--S.W. Also used in the New Forest.

+

+=Pantony=. A cottager's pantry (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112). Compare _Entony_, an entry: Berks. There are many slight

+variants, as ~Panterny~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Paper Beech=. _Betula alba_, L.--N.W.

+

+*=Parasol=. _Sanguisorba officinalis_, L., Salad Burnet.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Parson=. In carting dung about the fields, the heaps are shot down

+in lines, and are all of much the same size. Sometimes, however,

+the cart tips up a little too much, with the result that the

+whole cartload is shot out into a large heap. This is known as a

+'Parson.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Parters=. Pieces of wood in a waggon which join the dripple to the

+bed. See ~Waggon~.--N.W.

+

+=Passover=. 'A bit of a passover,' a mere passing shower.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Payze=. To raise with a lever (B.). Norman French _peiser_, cp. Fr.

+_poiser_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Peace-and-Plenty=. A kind of small double white garden

+Saxifrage.--S.W.

+

+=Peakid=, =Peaky=, =Picked=, =Picky=. Wan or sickly-looking.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pearl-blind=. See ~Purley~.

+

+=Peart=. (1) Impertinent (A.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) In good health. 'How

+be 'ee?' 'Aw, pretty peart, thank'ee.'--N. & S.W. (3) Clever, quick,

+intelligent.--S.W. (4) Stinging, sharp, as a blister.--S.W. (5)

+Lively. 'Her's as peart as ar' a bird, that's what her is!'--N.W.

+

+=Peck=. (1) _n._ A pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To use a

+pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ Of a horse, to trip or stumble: also

+~Peck-down~.--N.W.

+

+    'Captain Middleton's horse "pecked"--it is presumed through

+    putting its foot in a hole--and threw the rider.'--_Daily

+    Telegraph_, April 11, 1892.

+

+*=Pecker=. _n._ The nose (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Pecky=. Inclined to stumble. 'Th'old hoss goes terr'ble pecky.'--N.W.

+

+=Peel=. (1) A lace-making pillow (A.B.). A little 'Peel lace' is

+still made about Malmesbury. A.S. _pile_.--N.W. (2) The pillow over

+the axle of a waggon (D.). See ~Waggon~.--N.W. (3) The pole, with a

+flat board at end, for putting bread into the oven.--N.W.

+

+=Peggles=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pelt=. Rage, passion (A.S.). 'A come in, in such a pelt.'--N. & S.W.

+The word occurs in this sense in some old plays. Herrick alludes in

+_Oberon's Palace_ to 'the stings of peltish wasps,' and Topsell uses

+'pelting' for angry or passionate.

+

+    'You zims 'mazin afeert to zee your gran'fer in a pelt! 'Ten't

+    often as I loses my temper, but I've a-lost 'un now.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xii. #/

+

+=Penny= (or =Perry=) =moucher=. A corruption of ~Berry-moucher~, q.v.

+

+=Perkins=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.--N.W.

+

+=Perk up=. To get better, to brighten up.--S.W.

+

+*=Perseen=. _v._ To pretend to (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'There's Jack White a comin'; I wun't perseen ta know

+    un.'--_Mr. Slow._

+

+=Peter grievous=. (1) _n._ A dismal person, or one who looks much

+aggrieved. ~Pity grievous~ at Clyffe Pypard, and ~Peter grievous~ at

+Salisbury.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I'll tell you summat as 'll make 'ee look a pater

+    grievous!'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+(2) _adj._ Dismal-looking. 'He be a peter-grievious-looking sort of a

+chap.'--S.W.

+

+*=Peter-man=. See Jackson's _Aubrey_, p. 11.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Kington Langley ... the revel of the village was kept on

+    the Sunday following St. Peter's Day (29th June), on which

+    occasions a temporary officer called "the Peter-man" used to be

+    appointed, bearing the office, it may be presumed, of master of

+    the sports.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 83.

+

+=Peth=. The crumb of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Pethy=. Crumby, as 'a pethy loaf.'--N.W.

+

+=Pick=. (1) A hay-making fork (A.B.D.), a stable-fork (D.).

+_Pick_=pitch, as in _pitch-fork_ (Skeat).--N. & S.W. (2) The fruit of

+the sloe.

+

+=Picked= (two syll.). (1) Sharp-pointed. ~Piggid~ on Som. bord.

+'Thuck there prong yun't picked enough.'--N. & S.W. (2) Looking ill

+(S.). With features sharpened by ill-health. See ~Peakid~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pickpocket=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherd's Purse.--N. &

+S.W. (Enford, Mere, &c.)

+

+=Picky=. See ~Peakid~.

+

+*=Pie-curr=. _Fuligula cristata_, Tufted Duck (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+190).--S.W.

+

+=Pig-all=, =Pig-haw=. Fruit of the hawthorn (A.). ~Peggles~

+(Jefferies, _Marlborough Forest_, &c.)--N.W.

+

+=Pig-berry=. Fruit of the hawthorn (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pigeon-pair=. When a woman has only two children, a boy and a girl,

+they are called a 'pigeon pair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'So in N. Eng. "a dow's cleckin" (a dove's clutch) is used for

+    two children.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Piggid=. See ~Picked~ (1).

+

+=Pig-haw=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pig-meat=. The flesh of the pig in Wilts is, if fresh, 'pig-meat.'

+It is never 'pork' unless the animal is specially killed as a 'little

+porker.'

+

+*=Pig-muddle=. Disorder, mess.--N.W.

+

+=Pig-nut=. (1) _Bunium flexuosum_, With., The Earth-nut.--N. & S.W.

+(2) The very similar root of _Carum Bulbocastanum_, Koch., Tuberous

+Caraway.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Pig-potatoes=. Small potatoes, usually boiled up for the pigs.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pigs=. (1) See ~Boats~.--S.W. (Hants bord.) (2) Woodlice.--N. & S.W.

+Also ~Guinea-pigs~ and ~Butchers' Guinea-pigs~.

+

+=Pig-weed=. _Symphytum officinale_, L., Comfrey.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Pillars=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Pimrose=. A primrose. Also used in Hants.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pin-bone=. The hip bone; sometimes the hip itself.--N.W.

+

+=Pincushion=. (1) _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Pinner=. A servant's or milker's apron; a child's pinafore being

+generally called ~Pinney~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Next morn I missed three hens and an old cock, And off the

+    hedge two pinners and a smock.'

+

+    GAY, _The Shepherd's Week_.

+

+=Pinny-land=. Arable land where the chalk comes close to the surface,

+as opposed to the deeper clay land.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pins=. The hips. A cow with hips above its back is said to be 'high

+in the pins.'--N.W.

+

+=Pip=. The bud of a flower (B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Pish!= or =Pishty!= A call to a dog (A.). In co. Clare, Ireland,

+this is the order to a horse to stop.

+

+=Pissabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion, from its diuretic

+effects.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pissing-candle=. The least candle in the pound, put in to make up

+the weight (Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._). Cp. Norman French _peiser_,

+to weigh.--Obsolete.

+

+=Pit=. (1) _n._ A pond.--N.W. (2) _n._ The mound in which potatoes or

+mangolds are stored (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._

+'To pit potatoes,' to throw them up in heaps or ridges, in field or

+garden, well covered over with straw and beaten earth, for keeping

+through the winter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch=. (1) _n._ A steep place.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A pitch of work,'

+as much of the water-meadows as the water supply will cover well at

+one time (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W. (3) n. The quantity of

+hay, &c., taken up by the fork each time in pitching (_Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. iv).--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To load up wheat, &c., pitching

+the sheaves with a fork (S.).--N. & S.W. (5) _v._ To fix hurdles,

+&c., in place (_Bevis_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To settle

+down closely.

+

+    'Give the meadows a thorough good soaking at first ... to make

+    the land sink and pitch closely together.'--_Agric. of Wilts_,

+    ch. xii.

+

+(7) _v._ To lose flesh, waste away. Still in use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The lambs "pitch and get stunted," and the best summer food

+    will not recover them.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+(8) _v._ To set out goods for sale in market. 'There wur a main

+lot o' cheese pitched s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (9) _v._ To pave with

+~Pitchin~, q.v.--N.W. (10) _v._ Of ground, to have an uneven surface.

+'The ground this end o' the Leaze pitches uncommon bad.'--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Pitched market=. A market where the corn is exposed for sale, not

+sold by sample (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pitchin=. _n._ Paving is done with large flat stones, 'pitching'

+with small uneven ones set on edge (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitching-bar=. The iron bar used in pitching hurdles (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch-poll=. When rooks are flying round and round, playing and

+tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain), they are said

+to be 'playing pitch-poll'--N.W.

+

+=Pitch-up=. A short rest, as when a cart is going up a steep

+hill.--N.W.

+

+=Pit-hole=. The grave (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They lies, the two on 'em, the fourth and fifth i' the second

+    row, for I dug pit-holes for 'em.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch.

+    vi. p. 66.

+

+*=Pixy=. A kind of fairy. This is a Dev. and Som. word, but is said

+to be in use about Malmesbury.

+

+=Plain=. Straightforward, unaffected, as 'a plain 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plan=. 'In a poor plan,' unwell, in a poor way, &c.--N.W. (Seend.)

+

+*=Plank-stone=. A flag-stone.

+

+    'This soyle (at Easton Piers) brings very good oakes and witch

+    hazles; excellent planke stones.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 236.

+

+    'At Bowdon Parke, Ano 1666, the diggers found the bones of a

+    man under a quarrie of planke stones.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. of

+    Wilts_, p. 71, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Plash=, =Pleach=. To cut the upper branches of a hedge half

+through, and then bend and intertwine them with those left upright

+below, so as to make a strong low fence (A.). Also ~Splash~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Plat=. The plateau or plain of the downs.--S.W.

+

+=Pleach=. See ~Plash~.

+

+=Pleachers=. Live boughs woven into a hedge in laying.--S.W.

+

+=Plim=. (1) _v._ To swell out (A.B.S.), as peas or wood when soaked

+in water.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ Many years ago, near Wootton Bassett,

+old Captain Goddard spoke to a farmer about a dangerous bull, which

+had just attacked a young man. The farmer's reply was:--'If a hadn't

+a bin a _plimmin'_ an' _vertin'_ wi' his stick--so fashion--(i.e.

+flourishing his stick about in the bull's face), the bull wouldn't

+ha' run at un.' No further explanation of these two words appears to

+be forthcoming at present.

+

+=Plocks=. Large wood, or roots and stumps, sawn up into short

+lengths, and cleft for firewood (S.). ~Plock-wood~ (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plough=. A waggon and horses, or cart and horses together, make a

+plough (D.). See Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._--N.W.

+

+    'The team of oxen that drew the plough came to be called the

+    plough, and in some parts of South Wilts they still call even

+    a waggon and horses a plough. This is needful for you to know,

+    in case your man should some day tell you that the _plough_ is

+    gone for _coal_.'--_Wilts. Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+    '1690. Paid William Winckworth for Worke downe with his Plough

+    to the causway.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+    '1709. Paid for 41 days worke with a ploughe carrying stones to

+    the Causey.'--_Ibid._ p. 239.

+

+(2) For the various parts of the old wooden plough see as follows:--

+

+    'I should like to hear a Wiltshire boy who had been three years

+    at plough or sheep fold, cross-examine one of Her Majesty's

+    Inspectors of Schools, and ask him, in the article of a

+    plough, to be so good as to explain the difference between the

+    vore-shoot and back-shoot, the ground rest, the bread board,

+    the drail, the wing and point, and the whippence.'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Ploughman=. A waggoner or carter.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1690. Paid for beere for the plowmen and pitchers.'--_Records

+    of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+*=Ploughman's-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Plurals=. (1) The old termination in _en_ is still much used, as

+_Housen_, _Hipsen_, &c. See ~En~ (1). (2) Plurals in _es_ are very

+commonly used, as _beastes_, _ghostes_, _nestes_, _postes_, _gutses_.

+Very often a reduplication takes place, as _beastises_, _ghostises_,

+&c.--N. & S.W. (3) Plurals are used sometimes instead of singulars.

+Examples:--'Nows and thens,' 'You'll find un a little ways furder

+on,' &c.

+

+    'These are rather an adverbial use of the genitive, like

+    _always_, _now-a-days_, _needs_, _whiles_, etc.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(4) Plant-names are almost invariably used in the plural, even where

+only a single blossom is referred to, as 'What is that flower in your

+hand, Polly?' 'That's _Robins_, ma'am' (or _Cuckoos_, _Poppies_,

+_Nightcaps_, &c., as the case may be).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Poach=. (1) Of cattle, to trample soft ground into slush and

+holes.--N. & S.W. (2) Of ground, to become swampy from much trampling

+(_Wild Life_, ch. xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Podge=. Anything very thick and sticky. Cf. ~Stodge~.

+

+*=Pog=. *(1) To thrust with the foot.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To set

+beans.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Poison-berry=. (1) Fruit of _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+(2) Fruit of _Tamus communis_, L., Black Bryony.--N.W.

+

+=Poison-root=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+=Pole-ring=. The ring which fastens the scythe-blade to the snead

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Polly=. A pollard tree.--S.W. A Wiltshire man, on being told by the

+hospital surgeon that his arms would have to be amputated, exclaimed,

+'Be I to be shrowded like a owld polly?'

+

+=Polt=, =Powlt=. A blow (B.). A blow with a stick (A.). In Glouc.

+apples, walnuts, &c., are beaten down with a 'polting-lug,' or long

+pole.--N.W.

+

+=Ponshard=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pooch out=. (1) To project or stick out.--N.W. (2) To cause to

+project.--N.W. (3) 'To pooch out the lips,' to pout.--N.W.

+

+=Pook=. (1) _n._ A small cock of hay, &c. (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._

+To put up in pooks (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pooker=. A woman employed in pooking.--S.W.

+

+=Pookers'-tea=. The yearly treat given to the pookers.--S.W.

+

+=Pooking-fork=. The large prong, with a cross handle, for pushing

+along in front of the pookers, to make up the hay into pooks.--S.W.

+

+=Pop-hole=. A rabbit-hole running right through a bank, as opposed

+to ~Blind-hole~ (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi). Any hole through a

+hedge, wall, &c.--N.W.

+

+=Popple-stone=. A pebble (S.). A.S. _papol_.--S.W.

+

+=Poppy=, or =Poppies=. (1) _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove, so

+called because children inflate and 'pop' the blossoms. _Papaver_

+is only known as 'Red-weed' by children about Salisbury.--S.W.

+(2) _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion, also 'popped' by

+children.--S.W. (Salisbury.) *(3) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_).--N. & S.W. (Lyneham and

+Farley.)

+

+=Posy=. The garden Peony, from its size.

+

+=Pot=, or =Put=. (The latter is the usual S. Wilts form.) *(1) A

+tub or barrel (D.).--Obsolete. (2) A two-wheeled cart, made to tilt

+up and shoot its load (D.).--N. & S.W. Manure used formerly to be

+carried out to the fields in a pair of _pots_ slung across a horse's

+back. When wheels came into general use the term was transferred to

+the cart used for the same purpose (D.). See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Pot-dung=. Farmyard manure (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Pots-and-Kettles=. Fruit of _Buxus sempervirens_, L., Box.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin, Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pot-walloper= A 'pot-waller,' or person possessing a house with

+a 'pot-wall,' or kitchen fireplace for cooking. All such persons

+formerly had votes for the borough of Wootton Bassett. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 172.

+

+=Poult=. (1) 'A turkey poult,' a young turkey.--N. & S.W. (2) 'A

+perfect poult,' an awkward girl.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Pounceful=. Masterful, self-willed. Cf. ~Bounceful~. 'He preached

+pouncefully,' i.e. powerfully, forcibly.--S.W.

+

+=Powder-monkey=. (1) Damp gunpowder, moulded into a 'devil,' or cake

+which will smoulder slowly, used by boys for stupefying a wasp's

+nest. (2) Ash leaves with an even number of leaflets, worn by boys on

+the afternoon of May 29. See ~Shitsack Day~.

+

+=Power=. 'A power o' volk,' a number of people. A quantity of

+anything.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A's got a power of plaguy long spikes all auver's

+    body.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 118.

+

+=Powlts=. (1) Peas and beans grown together.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+(2) See ~Poult~ and ~Polt~.

+

+*=Poyn=. To pen sheep (D.).

+

+=Prawch=. To stalk, to swagger. 'I see un come a prawchin' along up

+the coort.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Preterites=. A few specimens may be given, as ~craup~, or ~crope~,

+crept; ~drowd~, threw; ~flod~, flew; ~fot~, ~vot~, or ~vaught~,

+fetched; ~hod~, hid; ~hut~, hit; ~lod~, led; ~obloge~, obliged;

+~raught~, reached; ~scrope~, scraped; ~slod~, slid; ~woc~, awoke;

+~seed~, ~seen~, saw.

+

+=Pretty-money=. Coins, such as old George-and-dragon crowns, or new

+Jubilee pieces, given to a child to keep as curiosities, not to be

+spent.--N.W.

+

+=Pride=. (1) The ovary of a sow.--N.W. *(2) The mud lamprey (H.).

+

+    '_Petromyzon branchialis._ L., ... in the southern part of

+    England is locally known as the Pride.'--SEELEY, _Fresh-water

+    Fishes of Europe_, p. 427.

+

+    'Lumbrici ... are lyke to lampurnes, but they be muche

+    lesse, and somewhat yeolowe, and are called in Wilshyre

+    prides.'--_Elyotes Dictionarie_, 1559, quoted by Hal.

+

+=Primrose soldiers=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Prin= it. Take it (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Privet=, =Brivet=. 'To privet about,' pry into things. 'To privet

+out,' to ferret out anything. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Pronged=. A scythe-blade with a small flaw in the edge which may

+develop into a serious crack is said to be 'pronged.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Pronouns=. ~I~, ~he~, and ~she~ do duty as accusatives, as 'He

+towld I, but I bean't a-goin' to do nothen for he.' ~Her~ and

+~us~ are nominatives, as 'Her be a girt vule, that her be'; 'Us

+be at coal-cart s'marnin.' ~Thee~ is used for both thou and thy,

+as 'What's thee name?' 'What's thee'se want to knaw vor?' 'Never

+thee mind.' ~Hyn~, or more commonly ~un~,=him, or it, as 'I seed

+un a-doing on't'; 'poor zowl on hyn!' This is the old _hime_, the

+accusative of _he_. ~A~=he, as 'How a hackers an bivers!' ~Thac~,

+~Thuck~, or ~Thuck there~=that. ~Themmin~=those. ~Thic~, ~Thissum~,

+~Thease~, ~Thic here~, &c.=this. ~Theesum~, or ~Theesum here~=these.

+Occasionally ~Theesen~ in S. Wilts. ~Thick~ and ~Thuck~ require some

+explanation. ~Thuck~ always=_that_, but is mainly a N. Wilts form,

+its place in S. Wilts being usually taken by ~Thick~. ~Thic~ or

+~Thick~ often=_this_ in N. Wilts, but far more frequently=_that_,--in

+fact, the latter may probably now be taken as its normal meaning,

+although it would appear to have been otherwise formerly. In

+_Cunnington MS._, for instance, it is stated that 'The old terms

+_thic_ and _thoc_ almost constantly exclude the expressions This

+and That,' and similar statements are found in other authorities.

+In ~Thick here~ and ~Thick there~ the use of the adverb defines the

+meaning more precisely. As regards the neighbouring counties, it may

+be said that in Som. and Dors. ~thick~=_that_; while in N. Hants it

+never does so (see Cope's _Glossary_), always there meaning _this_.

+It should be noted that the _th_ is usually sounded _dth_, much as

+in Anglo-Saxon. ~His'n~=his; ~Hern~, or occasionally ~Shis'n~,=hers;

+~Ourn~=ours; ~Theirn~=theirs; ~Yourn~=yours; ~Whosen~=whose, as

+'Whosen's hat's thuck thur?' ~Mun~=them, is occasionally, but not

+often, used. ~Arra~, ~Arra one~, ~Arn~, &c.=any. Negatives, ~Narra~,

+~Narra one~, ~Narn~, &c. 'Hev 'ee got arra pipe, Bill?' 'No, I han't

+got narn.' In the Pewsey Yale ~Ma~ is occasionally used for ~I~, in

+such phrases as 'I'll go we 'ee, shall ma?' or 'I don't stand so

+high as he, do ma?' About Malmesbury (and elsewhere in N. Wilts) the

+following forms may be noted:--~Wither~, other; ~Theasamy~, these;

+~Themmy~, those; ~Totherm~ or ~Tothermy~, the other.

+

+=Proof=. _n._ Of manure, hay, &c., the strength or goodness. 'The

+rain hev waished aal the proof out o' my hay.' 'That there muckle

+bain't done yet; the proof yun't gone out on't.'--N. & S.W. A

+thriving tree is said to be in 'good proof.'

+

+=Proofey=. Stimulating, fattening.--N.W.

+

+    'The Monkton pastures used to be of good note in Smithfield,

+    from the very feel of the beasts. There are no more "proofey"

+    fatting grounds in Wilts.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 29.

+

+=Proof maggot=. The larva of the gadfly, which causes warbles in

+cattle.--N.W.

+

+=Proper=. 'Her's a proper beauty,' is extremely handsome. 'He's a

+proper fool,' an utter idiot.--N.W.

+

+=Proud=. When wheat is too rank and forward in winter, it is said to

+be 'winter-proud' (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pucker=. Perplexity, dilemma (S.) 'I be in a main pucker 'bout what

+to do wi' they taters.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pucksey= (1) A quagmire. 'The roads wer aal in a pucksey,' i.e. very

+muddy. 'Out of the mucksey (=mixen) into the pucksey,' from bad to

+worse.--S.W. (2) Hence, a mess or muddle. 'What a pucksey the house

+be in!' i.e. a dirty untidy state.--S.W.

+

+=Pud=. The hand; a nursery word.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pud-beggar=, =Pudbaiger=. The Water Spider (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A very interesting word. M.E. _padde_, a toad, _paddock_,

+    Dev. and East Anglia. M.E. _pode_, tadpole, Icelandic

+    _padda_, used of any beetles or insects that inhabit stagnant

+    water.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Puddle= or =Piddle about=. To potter about, doing little jobs of no

+great utility.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pue=. The udder of a cow or sheep (A.). Fr. _pis_, Lat. _pectus_.

+

+=Pug=. (1) _n._ The pulp of apples which have been pressed for

+cider.--N.W. *(2) _v._ To eat (H.Wr.). *(3) To ear, plough, till

+(Wr.).

+

+=Pummy=. _n._ A soft mass. 'To beat all to a pummy'; from _pomace_,

+the apple-pulp in cider-making.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purdle=. To turn head over heels in a fall.--N.W.

+

+=Pure=. In good health. 'Quite purely,' quite well (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purler=. A knock-down blow, a heavy fall.--N.W.

+

+    'One of them beggars had come up behind, and swung his

+    gun round, and fetched him a purler on the back of his

+    head.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ix.

+

+=Purley=. Weak-sighted (A.H.Wr.). ~Pearl blind~ is sometimes

+similarly used.

+

+=Pussy-cats=, =Pussies=, and =Pussies'-tails=. Catkins of willow and

+hazel, more commonly of willow only (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pussyvan=. See ~Puzzivent~.

+

+=Pussy-willow=. _Salix._--S.W.

+

+=Put=. See ~Pot~ (S.).

+

+=Put about=. To vex, to worry. 'Now dwoan't 'ee go an' put yourself

+about wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Puzzivent=. A flurry or taking. 'He put I in such a puzzivent.'

+Formerly used in both N. and S. Wilts, but now almost obsolete.

+Fr. _poursuivant_. According to a note in _The Astonishing History

+of Troy Town_, by 'Q,' ch. xvii, the phrase originated from the

+contempt with which the West-country sea-captains treated the

+poursuivants sent down by Edward IV to threaten his displeasure.

+Hence _pussivanting_, ineffective bustle, Dev. and Corn.--N. & S.W.

+~Pussyvan~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Puzzle-pound=. The game of ~Madell~, q.v.--S.W. (Longbridge

+Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pwine-end=. The whole gable-end of a house, which runs up to a

+sharp point or _pwine_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+=Quakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quamp=. Still, quiet (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+*=Quamped=, =Quomped=. Subdued, disappointed. See ~Quamp~.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Quanked=. Overpowered by fatigue (A.). Compare ~Cank~.

+

+=Quar=, =Quarr=. (1) _n._ A stone-quarry (A.B.G.S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To work as a quarryman (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quar-Martin=. _Hirundo riparia_, Sand-Martin, from its breeding

+in holes drilled in the face of sandy quarries (_Wild Life_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+=Quat=, =Qwot=, or =Qwatty=. (1) To crouch down (sometimes, but not

+always, remaining quite still), as a scared partridge (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii). To squat (A.); to sit (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To

+flatten, to squash flat.--N.W.

+

+*=Quavin-gog= or =Quaving-gog=.A quagmire (A.B.H.Wr.). See

+~Gog~.--N.W.

+

+    'In the valley below the hill on which Swindon is built, are

+    some quagmires, called by the inhabitants quaving-gogs, which

+    are considered of great depth, and are consequently shunned as

+    places of danger.'--_Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii. p. 8.

+

+*=Quean=.A woman.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'The Saxon word _quean_, woman, is still used without any

+    objectionable meaning, but its use is rare.'--_Leisure Hour_,

+    Aug. 1893.

+

+    'When a man says of his wife that "th' old quean" did so

+    and so, he means no disrespect to her, any more than if he

+    were speaking of his child as "the little wench."'--MISS E.

+    BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Queed=, =Quid=. (1) _n._ The cud. 'To chamme the queed' is given as

+a Wiltshire phrase in _MS. Lansd._ 1033 (H.).--N.W. *(2) Quid. _v._

+To suck (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Queen's-cushion=. A seat for a little girl, made by two persons

+crossing hands, and so carrying her between them. When a boy is so

+carried the term used is ~King's-cushion~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quest=, =Quist=. The Woodpigeon, _Columba palumbus_ (A.B.);

+~Quisty~. 'Thee bist a queer quist,' i.e. a strange sort of

+fellow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The Wiltshire labourers invariably call it ... the

+    "Quisty."'--_Birds of Wilts_, p. 318.

+

+=Quid=. See ~Queed~.

+

+=Quiddle=. (1) _n._ A fussy person; one hard to satisfy in trifling

+matters of diet, &c.--S.W. (2) _n._ To make a fuss over trifles

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Quiet Neighbours=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian.--S.W. (Longbridge Deverill.)

+

+=Quiff=. A knack, a trick. 'Ther's a quiff about thuck old

+gate-latch.'--N.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Mr. F. J. Kennedy, secretary of the Belfast Angling

+    Association ... "worked a quiff," to use a slang phrase, on a

+    well-known Lagan poacher.'--_Fishing Gazette_, Aug. 20, 1892,

+    p. 154.

+

+*=Quile=. A heap of hay ready for carrying. Fr. _cueiller_.--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+=Quill=. The humour, mood, or vein for anything. 'I can work as well

+as or a man, when I be in the quill for 't.' To 'Quill a person' in

+the language in use at Winchester College is to please, or humour

+him. This is very near the Wilts use.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Quilt=. (1) _v._ To swallow (A.B.C.G.). 'The baby wur that bad, it

+couldn't quilt nothen.' This is used of swallowing in the natural

+way, while _glutch_ is to swallow with difficulty (C.).--N.W. (2)

+_n._ A gulp, a mouthful of liquid. 'Have a quilt on't?' have a drop

+of it.--N.W.

+

+=Quinnet=. _n._ (1) A wedge, as the iron wedge fastening the ring of

+the scythe nibs in place, or the wooden wedge or cleat which secures

+the head of an axe or hammer.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) See ~Scythe~.

+

+=Quirk=. To complain (A.B.G.); spelt Quisk by Akerman in error. To

+grunt (S.); to croak. A frog often quirks, and a toad sometimes.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Quiset about=. To pry about (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112).--N.W.

+

+=Quisk=. See ~Quirk~.

+

+=Quist=, =Quisty=. See ~Quest~.

+

+=Quob=. (1) A soft wet place, a piece of marsh or bog.--N.W. Cp. W.

+of Eng. _quob_, a bog; _quob-mire_, Salop. (2) Hence 'all in a quob,'

+said of a bad bruise.--N.W.

+

+=Quomped=. See ~Quamped~.

+

+*=Quop=. To throb (A.B.G.).

+

+

+=R=. (1) In pronunciation _r_ often has _d_ or _t_ affixed or

+prefixed, as ~Cavaltry~, horsemen; ~Crockerty~, crockery; ~Millard~,

+miller, &c. (2) See ~Har~. (3) Transpositions frequently occur, as

+_cruds_, curds; _cruddle_, to curdle; _girn_, to grin; _girt_, great;

+_gird'l_, a great deal; _hirn_, to run.

+

+=Rabbit-flower=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, DC., the flowers of which,

+when pulled apart, form two little pink rabbits.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rabbits=. Blossoms of Snapdragon when pinched off the stem.--S.W.

+

+*=Race=. The heart, liver and lungs of a calf (A.B.).

+

+=Rack=. (1) A rude narrow path, like the track of a small animal

+(A.S.). See Gen. Pitt-Rivers' _Excavations in Cranborne Chase_, vol.

+i. ch. i. On Exmoor the wild deer always cross a wall or hedge at the

+same spot. The gap thus formed is called a 'rack.' See _Red Deer_,

+ch. iv. Also in W. Somerset.--S.W. (2) Apparently also sometimes used

+in the sense of a boundary.--S.W.

+

+=Radical=. 'A young radical,' a regular young Turk, a troublesome

+young rascal. Also used in Somerset.--N.W.

+

+=Rafter=. To plough so as to leave a narrow strip of ground

+undisturbed, turning up a furrow on to it on each side, thus

+producing a succession of narrow ridges (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).

+See ~Balk-ploughing~.--N.W.

+

+=Rafty=, =Rasty=, =Rusty=. Of bacon, rancid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rag-mag=. A ragged beggar, or woman all in tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rail=. To crawl or creep about, to walk slowly (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 112). 'I be that weak I can't hardly rail about.'--N.W.

+

+=Raims=, =Reams=. A mere bag of bones, a very thin person. 'He do

+look as thin as a raims.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Raimy=. Very thin.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. A curve (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Ramping=. Tall, as 'a rampin' gel.'--N.W.

+

+*=Randin=. Riotous living.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Randy=. (1) _n._ A noisy merry-making (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury,

+etc.) (2) _n._ 'On the randy,' living in a riotous or immoral

+manner.--N. & S.W. (3) _adj._ A woman who used to be a regular

+attendant at all the tea-meetings and other gatherings of the kind in

+her neighbourhood in N. Wilts was usually spoken of as being 'a randy

+sort o' a 'ooman'--_randy_ apparently being there applied to such

+gatherings.

+

+*=Range=. Two drifts or rows of felled underwood (D.).

+

+=Rangle=. To twine round anything as a climbing plant does.--S.W.

+(Som. bord.)

+

+=Rank=, =Ronk=. (1) Audacious. 'Hands off! Thee bist a bit too

+ronk!'--N.W. (2) Outrageous, as applied to a fraud or a lie.--N.W.

+

+*=Rannel=. _adj._ Ravenously hungry.--N.W.

+

+    'A man comes in rannel vor 's food, and plaguey little dacent

+    vittles can a get.'--_Dark_, ch. ii.

+

+=Rant=. (1) v. To tear.--N.W.

+

+    'She "ranted" the bosom of her print dress.'--_Field Play._

+

+(2) _n._ A tear or rent.--N.W.

+

+=Rantipole=. _Daucus Carota_, L., Wild Carrot (_English Plant

+Names_).--N.W.

+

+=Rap=, =Wrap=. A thin strip of wood.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rapid=. 'A rapid pain,' 'rapid weather,' i.e. very violent. Always

+so used at Clyffe Pypard. So in W. Somerset.--N.W.

+

+    'This is a Latin use: cf. Virgil's _rapidus aestus_ (Bucol.

+    ii. 10) and _rapidus sol_ (_Georg._ ii. 321)=strong,

+    violent.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Rare=. Underdone, but not raw. Reer (A.). Pronounced _Raa_.

+

+=Rash=. To burn in cooking (H.Wr.). Sometimes used of malt.

+

+=Rasty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+*=Rathe-ripes=. (1) An early kind of pea (B.). (2) An early kind of

+apple.

+

+*=Rattle-basket=. (1) _Rhinanthus Crista-galli_, L., Yellow

+Rattle.--S.W. (Zeals.) *(2) _Erica cinerea?_ Heath. Heard only from

+one person.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Rattle-thrush=. _Turdus viscivorus_, the Missel-thrush, occasionally

+extended to any very large Song-thrush. ~Rassel-thrush~ at Huish.--N.

+& S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+*=Rattle-weed=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.)

+

+=Rave=. The ring of twisted hazel by which hurdles are fastened to

+their stakes or shores.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Raves=, =Reaves=. The waggon-rails (D.S.). At Clyffe Pypard applied

+to the flat woodwork projecting over the wheels from the side of the

+forward part of a waggon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rawmouse, Raamouse=. The reremouse or bat; used at Tormarton, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c. ~Bat-mouse~ is, however, in more general use. ~Ryemouse~

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Rawney=, =Rowney=. (1) _adj._ Thin, poor, and uneven, as applied

+to badly manufactured cloth (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of persons,

+extremely thin.--S.W. (Som. bord.), occasionally.

+

+=Ray=, or =Array=. _v._ To dress and clean corn (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Ray-sieve=. _n._ A sieve used to get the dust out of horses' chaff.

+~Rayen-sieve~ on Dorset bord.--N.W.

+

+=Reams=. See ~Raims~.

+

+=Reap-hook=. The 'rip-hook' is a short-handled hook without teeth,

+the blade bent beyond the square of the handle; used to cut to the

+hand a handful at a time (D.). The old reaping-sickle was toothed or

+serrated. See ~Hal~. _s.v._ ~Hook~.

+

+=Red Bobby's eye=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb-Robert.--S.W.

+(Redlynch.)

+

+=Red Fiery Bang-tail=. See ~Bang-tail~.

+

+=Red Robin Hood=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Red-Robins=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Red-weed=. Red Poppy (D.). The only name for _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c.,

+used about Salisbury and Warminster, _Digitalis_ being the 'Poppy' of

+those parts. One of our oldest plant-names.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Reed=. Unthreshed and unbroken straw reserved for thatching

+(S.). A Somerset and Devon word. 'Reed' is seldom used in Wilts,

+where ordinary threshed straw, made up into 'elms,' is the common

+material.--S.W.

+

+=Reer=. See ~Rare~.

+

+=Reeve=. To draw into wrinkles.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Remlet=. A remnant.--N.W.

+

+=Reneeg=, =Renegue= (_g_ always hard). To back out of an engagement,

+to jilt.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) In Ireland a horse refusing a fence

+would be said to _renage_. See Whyte-Melville's _Satanella_, ch. i.

+p. 7: _Lear_, ii. 2, &c.

+

+=Revel=. A pleasure fair; a parochial festival, a wake (A.B.), as

+'Road Revel.' A village Club Feast (S.).--N. & S.W. There was a

+revel held at Cley Hill formerly, on Palm Sunday, and one at Kington

+Langley on the Sunday following St. Peter's Day.

+

+=Rhaa=. Hungry, ravenous. See ~Rhan~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, rarely.)

+

+=Rhan= (pronounced _Rhaan_). To eat voraciously (S.). A form of

+_raven_. Cf. West of Eng. _ranish_, ravenous.--S.W.

+

+*=Rhine= (pronounced _Reen_). A water-course. This is a Som.

+word.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Mr. Powell mentions a Wiltshire poem, which

+begins:--

+

+    'There once were a frog that lived in a ditch, Or 'twere may be

+    a rheen, it don't matter which.'

+

+=Rick-barken=. A rick-yard (A.). See Barken.--N.W.

+

+=Rick-stick=. In thatching, after the 'elms' are fastened down with

+'spicks' or 'spars' the thatch is then lightly combed over with the

+'rick-stick,' a rod with a few teeth at one end and an iron point at

+the other by which it can be stuck into the thatch when not in actual

+use.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Riddle=. (1) _n._ A coarse sieve (A.B.). Cp. A.S. _hridder_. See

+Rudder.--N. & S.W. (2) v. To sift. 'Hev 'ee riddled they ashes well

+s'marnin'?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ridge-tie=. A back chain for shafts. ~Wridgsty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Riffle=. A knife-board on which 'callus-stone' is used (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Rig=. (1) _n._ A horse which has not been 'clean cut,' i.e. is only

+half gelded, owing to one of its stones never having come down.--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To climb up upon (S.), or bestride anything, either in

+sport or wantonness. 'To rig about' is commonly used in S. Wilts of

+children clambering about on wood-piles, walls, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rigget=. A woodlouse.--S.W. (Heytesbury.)

+

+=Ring=. 'To ring bees,' to make a noise with poker and shovel when

+they swarm.--N.W.

+

+=Rinnick=. The smallest and worst pig of a litter. Sometimes

+abbreviated into ~Nurk~. Cf. North of England _Rannack_, a worthless

+fellow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Robin's eyes=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb Robert.--S.W.

+

+=Rock=. The 'fur' or calcareous deposit inside a kettle.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rocket=. 'Don your rocket,' put on your bonnet.--S.W. (Downton.) No

+doubt originally this meant a woman's dress or cloak (_rochet_), as

+in M.E., but it has long been transferred to the bonnet. In Devon

+_rochet_ is still sometimes applied to female dress.

+

+=Roke=. Smoke.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rollers= (_o_ short). (1) _n._ The long lines into which hay is

+raked before pooking.--S.W. (Warminster, &c.) (2) _v._ Rolly. To put

+grass into rollers (_Cycl. of Agric._).--S.W.

+

+*=Rommelin=. Rank, overgrown (A.).

+

+=Ronk=. See ~Rank~.

+

+*=Rook Hawk=. _Falco subbuteo_, the Hobby (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 72).

+

+=Ropey=. _adj._ (1) 'Rawpey bread,' a term applied to that peculiar

+condition of home-made bread, known only in dry summer weather, and

+caused by a kind of second fermentation, when the inside of the loaf

+appears full of minute threads, and has a disagreeable taste.--N.W.

+(2) Also applied to thick drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Rough=. (1) _adj._ Unwell, as 'He bin terr'ble rough this

+fortnight.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'There, she was took rough as it might be uv a Monday, and

+    afore Tuesday sundown she was gone, a-sufferin' awful.'--_The

+    Story of Dick_, ch. viii. p. 85.

+

+(2) 'To sleep rough,' or 'lay rough,' to sleep about out of doors

+like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To treat roughly, to ill-use.

+'Thuck there hoss 'll kick 'ee, if so be as you do rough un.'--N.W.

+

+=Rough Band=. A housset. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88.

+

+=Rough-carpenter=. The same as ~Hedge-carpenter~.--N.W.

+

+=Rough Music=. The same as _Housset_ and _Skimmenton_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tail=. _v._ To clip the dirty locks of wool off the tail and

+legs of sheep, previously to shearing. Very commonly used in many

+parts of the county.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tailings=. The locks so clipt, which are washed and dried,

+and usually sold at half-price.--N.W.

+

+*=Rouse=. 'To catch and rouse,' see ~Catch~.

+

+=Rowet-grass=. The long rough grass in hedges, &c., which cattle

+refuse; rowan or coarse aftergrass.--N.W.

+

+=Rowetty=. Of grass, coarse and rough.--N.W.

+

+    'Tangled dead ferns and rowetty stuff.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_,

+    ch. ii.

+

+    'That "rowetty" grass seen in the damp furrows of the

+    meadows.'--_Wild Life_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Our low meadowes is ... rowtie, foggie, and full of

+    flags.'--HARRISON'S _Description of Britain_.

+

+=Rowey=. Rough (C.). See ~Rowetty~.

+

+*=Rowless-thing=. In the _Diary_ of the Parliamentary Committee at

+Falstone House, S. Wilts, 1646-7, this curious phrase frequently

+occurs, apparently meaning waste and unprofitable land. It is

+once applied to a living. Several forms of it are used, as

+_Rowlass-thing_, _Rowlist-thing_, and _Rowless-thing_. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._, Nov. 1892, pp. 343-391. We have been unable to trace the

+word elsewhere, so that it may possibly be of local origin.

+

+    'George Hascall is become tenant for a Rowlass thing called

+    Dawes-Frowd, land of Lord Arundell and estated out to Mrs.

+    Morley a recusant ... John Selwood and Richard Hickes tenants

+    unto Sir Giles Mompesson for his farm at Deptford and his

+    Rowless-thing called Hurdles at Wiley.'--_Diary_, &c.

+

+Sir Fras. Dowse, of Wallop, is said to have been possessed

+of 'another _thing_ called the Broyl [_Bruellii_ = woods] of

+Collingbourne.' See 'Wiltshire Compounders,' _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxiv. p. 58. In the New Forest a 'rough' is a kind of enclosure.

+

+    'Philips promised to feed the horse in a "rough" or enclosure

+    ... which was well fenced in, but the bank foundered and the

+    animal got out.'--_Salisbury Journal_, Aug. 5, 1893.

+

+=Rowney=. See ~Rawney~.

+

+=Rubble=. (1) In Wilts usually applied to the hard chalk used in

+making roadways through fields (_Wild Life_, ch. ii),--N. & S.W. (2)

+Rubbish (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rubbly=. _adj._ Of soil, loose from being full of broken bits of

+chalk (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Rucksey=. Muddy, dirty, untidy, as applied to road, weather, or

+house.--S.W.

+

+=Rudder=. (1) _n._ A sieve. A.S. _hridder_. See Riddle.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To sift.--N.W.

+

+=Rudderish=. Passionate, hasty (A.B.G.).--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Rudge=. _n._ The space between two furrows in a ploughed field.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Rumple=, _v._ To seduce. The full force of the word can only be

+given by _futuere_, as:--'He bin rumplin' that wench o' Bill's again

+laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. Anything in confusion; a disagreement (A.).

+

+=Rumpum-Scrumpum=. _n._ A rude kind of musical instrument, made

+of a piece of board, with an old tin tied across it as a bridge,

+over which the strings are strained. It is played like a banjo, or

+sometimes with a sort of fiddle-bow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rusty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+=Ryemouse=. The bat (A.B.). A form of Reremouse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Saat=. 'Saat bread,' soft, sweet puddingy bread, which pulls apart

+in ropes or strings, made from 'grown-out' wheat. Cp. Halliwell

+(~s.v.~ _Sad_): 'Sad bread, _panis gravis_, Coles.' See ~Zaad-paul~.

+

+=Sails=. The upright rods of a hurdle (D.). ~Hurdle-zailin'~, _sing_.

+(Clyffe Pypard).--N.W.

+

+=Sally-withy=. A willow (A.H.Wr.). A curious reduplication, both

+parts of the word having the same meaning in Anglo-Saxon.

+

+=Sar=. (1) To serve (S.) or feed (_Wilts Tales_, p. 112). 'Sar the

+pegs, wull 'ee,' i.e. 'Give them their wash.'--N. & S.W. (2) ''Twon't

+sar a minute to do't,' will not take a minute.--N.W.

+

+=Saturday's Pepper=. _Euphorbia Helioscopia_, L., Sun-spurge

+(_English Plant Names_). ~Saturday-night's-pepper~ (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Sauf=. As if (S.). 'Looks sauf 'twur gwain to rain.'--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Scallot=. Quarrymen's term for one of the upper beds of the Portland

+series--a fine white stone (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+=Scambling=. 'A scambling meal,' one taken in a rough and hurried

+way.--N.W.

+

+    'In the _Percy Household Book_, 1511, "Scamlynge days" is of

+    constant occurrence for _jours maigres_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Scat=. _v._ To whip, beat, smack, slap.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Scaut=. (1) _v._ To strain with the foot in supporting or pushing

+(A.); as at foot-ball, or in drawing a heavy load uphill; to stretch

+the legs out violently. ~Scote~ in S. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Stick your heels in the ground, arch your spine, and drag

+    with all your might at a rope, and then you would be said to

+    "scaut." Horses going uphill, or straining to draw a heavily

+    laden waggon through a mud hole "scaut" and tug.'--_Village

+    Miners._

+

+(2) _n._ The pole attached to the axle, and let down behind the

+wheel, to prevent the waggon from running back while ascending a hill

+(A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=School-bell=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., Harebell.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Scoop=. (1) A shovel (D.).--N.W. (2) Allowance or start in a race,

+&c. 'How much scoop be you a going to gie I?'--N. & S.W. (Baverstock,

+&c.)

+

+    'Alwaies dyd shroud and cut theyre fuel for that purpose

+    along all the Raage on Brayden's syde alwaies taking as

+    much Skoop from the hedge as a man could through [throw] a

+    hatchet.'--_Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne near

+    Wootton Bassett_, 1602.

+

+The original document is in the Devizes Museum.--N.W.

+

+=Scotch=. A chink, a narrow opening. The spaces between the boards in

+a floor are _scotches_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+=Scote=. See ~Scaut~.

+

+*=Scottle=. To cut badly or raggedly (H.Wr.). 'Her did scottle the

+stuff so, that my new gownd's 'tirely spwiled.'--N.W.

+

+=Scraamb=. 'To scraamb a thing down' is to reach up to it and pull it

+down violently (S.), in the manner thus described by Jefferies:--

+

+    'Suppose a bunch of ripe nuts high up and almost out of reach;

+    by dint of pressing into the bushes, pulling at the bough,

+    and straining on tiptoe, you may succeed in "scraambing" it

+    down. "Scraambing," or "scraambed," with a long accent on the

+    aa, indicates the action of stretching and pulling downwards.

+    Though somewhat similar in sound, it has no affinity with

+    scramble: people scramble for things which have been thrown on

+    the ground.'--_Village Miners._

+

+It would not be used of such an action as scrambling about on

+rocks.--N.W.

+

+*=Scram=, =Skram=. Awkward, stiff as if benumbed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Scran=. *(1) A bag (A.H.Wr.) in which food is carried.--N. & S.W.

+(2) Victuals (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Scratch Cradle=. Cat's-cradle (A.B.).

+

+=Screech=. (1) The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (A.).--N.W. (2)

+_Cypselus apus_, the Swift (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 309).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Screechetty=. _adj._ Creaky (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Screech Thrush=. The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 129).--S.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+*=Scricele=. To creak or squeak. See ~Scruple~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scriggle=. To take the last apples. See ~Griggles~.--N.W.

+

+=Scroff=, =Scruff=. Fragments of chips (S.). The refuse of a

+wood-shed; ashes and rubbish for burning.--S.W.

+

+=Scrouge=. To squeeze, press, or crowd any one (A.B.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee come a scrougin' on I zo!'

+

+=Scrow=. (1) Angry, surly (A.H.).--N.W. *(2) Sorry, vexed.--N. &

+S.W., occasionally.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+    caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Scrump=. (1) _n._ A very dried up bit of anything (S.), as toast

+or roast meat 'done all to a scrump' (_Cottage Ideas_).--N. &. S.W.

+(2) Hence, sometimes applied to a shrivelled-up old man.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _v._ 'Don't scrump up your mouth like that!' i.e. squeeze it up

+in making a face.--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To crunch. A sibilated form of

+Crump.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scrumpshing=. Rough play: used by boys (_Bevis_, ch. ix).--N.W.

+

+=Scrupet=. To creak or grate, as the ungreased wheel of a barrow

+(_Village Miners_). Also Scroop, Scripet, Scrupetty, Scroopedee (S.),

+&c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scruple=. To squeak or creak. 'When the leather gets old-like, he

+sort o' dries up, an' then he do scruple--he do scricele, Sir!' i.e.

+the saddle squeaks. Cf. ~Scroop~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scuff about= or =along=. To drag one's feet awkwardly, as in too

+large slippers; to 'scuff up' the dust, as children do for amusement,

+by dragging a foot along the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scuffle=. An oven-swab.--S.W.

+

+=Scythe=. The various parts of the scythe are as follows in N.

+Wilts:--~Snead~, or ~Snaith~, the pole; ~Nibs~, the two handles;

+~Pole-ring~, the ring which secures the blade; Quinnets (1) the

+wedges which hold the rings of the nibs tight, *(2) the rings

+themselves (A.); ~Crew~, the tang of the blade, secured by the

+pole-ring to the snead.

+

+=Seed-lip=. The box in which the sower carries his seed (D.)

+(_Village Miners_). A.S. _l�ap_, basket, Icel. _laupr_.--N. & S.W.

+Misprinted _Seed-tip_ in Davis.

+

+=Seer!= or =Sire!= 'I say, look here!' a very usual mode of opening a

+conversation when the parties are some distance apart.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Seg=, =Sig=. Urine.--S.W.

+

+=Seg-cart=. The tub on wheels in which urine is collected from house

+to house for the use of the cloth mills.--S.W.

+

+=Sewent=, =Shewent=, =Suant=. (1) _adj._ Even, regular (A.B.C.S.),

+working smoothly. Formerly used all over the county, but now growing

+obsolete, although it is not infrequently heard still in S. Wilts.

+O.Fr. _suant_, pr. part. of _suivre_, to follow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is evenly

+    wove and not Rowey--it is also applied in other cases to denote

+    a thing Level and even.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*(2) Demure (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'To Look Shewent, is to Look demure.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shab off=. To go off (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Shackle=. (1) A hurdle wreath or tie (S.): a twisted band of straw,

+hay, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) 'All in a shackle,' loose, disjointed

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (Devizes, Huish, Salisbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shaft-tide=, or =Shrift=. Shrovetide.--S.W.

+

+=Shaggle=. Of a bough, &c., to shake.--S.W.

+

+=Shakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shally-gallee=. Poor, flimsy (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Compare

+_Spurgally_, wretched, poor, Dors.; and _Shally-wally_, a term of

+contempt in N. of England.--N.W.

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone (_Sarum

+Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Shammock=. To shamble or shuffle along hastily.

+

+*=Shandy=. A row about nothing (S.). Probably a form of

+_Shindy_.--S.W.

+

+=Shape= (pronounced _shap_). To manage, arrange, attempt, try. 'I'll

+shap to do 't,' try to do it. Compare the similar use of _frame_ in

+some counties.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Shard=, =Shord=, =Sheard=. (1) A gap in a hedge (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough

+    th' geat.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 167.

+

+    '1636. Itm. to Robert Eastmeade for mendinge a shard in

+    Englands ijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 207.

+

+(2) A narrow passage between walls or houses; usually Shord.--S.W.

+(3) 'To put in a shard, or shord,' to bay back or turn the water in a

+meadow trench by a rough dam, such as a piece of wood or a few sods

+of turf.--N.W.

+

+(4) 'A cow-shard,' a cow-clat.

+

+*=Shares=. The cross-bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Sharpish=. Considerable. 'I be eighty-vive to-year, an' 'tis a

+sharpish age.'--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Sharps=. The shafts of a cart (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shaul=. v. To shell nuts. Compare _Shalus_, husks (_Chron.

+Vilod._).--N.W.

+

+=Sheening=. Thrashing by machinery (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Sheep=. See _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 260; also quotation below.

+

+    'In the article of sheep what strange nomenclature! Besides the

+    intelligible names of ram, ewe, and lamb, we have wether hogs,

+    and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram tegs, and theaves, and

+    two-tooths, and four-tooths, and six-tooths. So strange is the

+    confusion that the word hog is now applied to any animal of a

+    year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver hog sheep. "Chilver" is

+    a good Anglo-Saxon word, "cylfer" [this should be "cilfer"] ...

+    a chilver hog sheep simply means, in the dialect of the Vale of

+    Warminster, a female lamb a year old.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Sheep-bed= (_Ship-bed_). When a labourer had drunk too much, he

+would 'take a ship-bed,' i.e. lie down like a sheep to sleep in a

+grass-field, till he was sober.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Sheep's-cage=. The same as ~Lamb's-cage~.--N.W.

+

+=Sheep-sleight=. See Sleight (D.). Common in Wilts (Jackson's

+_Aubrey_, p. 10).

+

+=Sheer=. Sharp, cutting. 'Uncommon sheer air s'marnin', yunnit?'--N.W.

+

+=Shekel=. (1) The old reaping sickle, now quite superseded by the

+vagging-hook. The first _e_ is long. An old labourer, on being asked

+how he used to sharpen his ancient reaping-sickle, said, 'I did allus

+use to car' a grab [crab-apple] wi' me, an' draa my shekel droo

+un,' the acid biting like aquafortis into the curiously serrated

+edge of the steel, and renewing it without injury. Farm-lads still

+sharpen their knives thus. See _Great Estate_, ch. v; also _Summer in

+Somerset_.--N.W., obsolete. (2) The fork in which 'elms' are carried

+up to the thatcher.--N.W.

+

+=Shepherds'-crowns=. Fossil _Echini_.--N.W.

+

+*=Shepherds'-pedler=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherds' purse.

+

+=Shepherds'-Thyme=. _Polygala calcarea_, Sch., Chalk Milkwort.--S.W.

+(Salisbury, Bishopstone, Little Langford, &c.).

+

+=Shepherds'-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shewent=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Shick-shack=. See ~Shitsack~.

+

+*=Shim=. It seems. 'He's a fine fellow, shim' (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+    'This word is rather of Glocestershire, but it is nevertheless

+    in use on the North Border of Wilts.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shimmy=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed. Reported to us

+as 'Chemise.'--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shirp=, or =Shrip=. (1) 'To shirp off,' to shred or cut off a little

+of anything.--S.W. (2) 'To shrip up,' to shroud up the lower boughs

+of roadside trees, to cut off the side twigs of a hedge or bush.--N.W.

+

+*=Shirt-buttons=. Flowers of _Stellaria Holostea_, Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shitabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Shitsack=, or =Shitzack=. An oak-apple (H.Wr.). Oak-apple and leaf

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shitsack, or Shick-shack Day=. King Charles' day, May 29. The

+children carry ~Shitsack~, sprigs of young oak, in the morning, and

+~Powder-monkey~, or ~Even-Ash~, ash-leaves with an equal number

+of leaflets, in the afternoon. See _Wild Life_, ch. v.--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shivery-bivery=. All in a shake with cold or fright.--N.W.

+

+=Shog=. To sift ashes, &c., by shaking the sieve.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Shog off=. To decamp in a hurried, stealthy, or cowardly manner

+(A.B.C.).--N.W.

+

+=Shoot=, =Shute=. (1) A young female pig of three or four months old

+(D.).--N. & S.W. (2) _Fore-shoot and Backward-shoot_, the pieces

+of wood immediately behind the coulter of a plough (D.). (3) A

+precipitous descent in a road; a steep narrow path.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shord=. See ~Shard~.

+

+=Shore=. _n._ The edge of a ditch on the meadow side (_Wild Life_,

+ch. xviii).--N.W.

+

+    'A Mearstone lyinge within the Shoore of the

+    Dyche.'--Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne, 1602.

+

+=Shot=, or =Shut of, to be=. To rid one's self of a thing. 'Her can't

+get shut o' thuck there vool of a bwoy.'-N. & S.W.

+

+=Shoulder, to put out the=. At Clyffe Pypard and Hilmarton it is

+customary to ask a man whose banns have been published once, 'How his

+shoulder is?'--because you have heard that it has been 'put out o'

+one side,' owing to his having 'vallen plump out o' the pulput laas'

+Zunday.' Next Sunday will 'put'n straight agean.' This implies that

+the banns were formerly published from the pulpit.--N.W.

+

+=Showl=. A shovel (A.B.D.); occasionally a spade (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrammed=. Chilled to the bone, benumbed, perished with cold

+(A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I was half-shrammed (i.e. perished with cold) on the

+    downs.--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+=Shrift=. See ~Shaft-tide~.

+

+*=Shrigging=. Hunting for apples (S.). See ~Griggles~ and

+~Scriggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Shrill=. To shudder. 'I never couldn't eat fat bacon--I do allus

+shrill at it.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Shrimps=. A particular kind of sweets.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrowd=. (1) To trim off the lower boughs of a tree (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) To cut a tree into a pollard. See Polly.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrub=. To rub along somehow, to manage to live after some sort of a

+fashion. 'I do shrub along middlin' well, when I bain't bad wi' the

+rheumatiz.' A sibilated form of _rub_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Shrump up=. To hunch up the shoulders. 'Don't shrump up your

+shoulders like that!'--N.W.

+

+=Shucks=. Husks of oats, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Shuffet=. To shuffle along hurriedly.--N.W.

+

+*=Shurne=. _Cacare_ (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2), Cp. A.S. _scearn_,

+dung.--Obsolete.

+

+=Shut=. (1) _v._ To join together; used of welding iron, splicing

+a rope, joining woodwork, laying turf, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+point of junction, as where rick is built against rick.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _adj._ See ~Shot~.

+

+=Shutleck=, =Shutlock= (S.). See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Sibilated words=. These are somewhat common in Wilts, as _Snotch_,

+notch; _Spuddle_, puddle; _Scrunch_, crunch; _Spyzon_, poison;

+_Spicter_, picture.

+

+=Sick=. 'Turnip-sick,' of land, exhausted as regards turnip-growing

+(_Great Estate_, ch. i). 'Tater-sick,' &c.--N.W.

+

+=Sideland ground=. Sloping ground on a hillside.--N.W.

+

+=Sidelong=, =Sideling=. (1) With one side higher than the other

+(_Wild Life_, ch. vi). 'I wur nigh upset, th' rwoad wur that

+sideling.'--N. & S.W. (2) Sitting _sidelong_, i.e. with the side

+towards the spectator (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).

+

+=Sig=. See ~Seg~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sight=. A quantity, as 'a sight o' vawk,' 'a main sight o'

+rain.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Sil=. Seldom. 'Sowle-grove sil lew,' February is seldom warm

+(H.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Silgreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek (_Village Miners_).

+A.S. _singr�ne_. See ~Sungreen~--N.W.

+

+*=Sillow=, =Sullow=, or =Sul=. A kind of plough (D.). A.S.

+_sulh_.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+    '~Sylla~, a plough, was used at Bratton within the memory of

+    persons still living. ~Sylla-foot~, or ~Zilla-fut~, was a

+    guiding piece of wood alongside of the share.'--Miss WAYLEN.

+

+*=Silver-bells=. The double Guelder-rose of gardens.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Silver-fern= or =Silver-grass=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., which has

+fern-like silvery foliage.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sim=. _n._ A smell, as of burning wool or bone. 'That there meat hev

+got a main sim to 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Simbly=. To seem.--N.W.

+

+    'He've a bin and tuk dree bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll

+    be whipped if a do zimbly a bit th' better var't.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Simily=. Apparently, as 'Simily 'tis a bird.'--N.W.

+

+=Simmin=. It seems. 'Simmin to I 'tis gwain' thic way.'--N.W.

+

+=Sinful=. Excessively, as 'sinful ornary,' very ugly.--N.W.

+

+=Sinful-ordinary=. Plain to the last degree in looks.--N.W.

+

+    'I once knew a young gentleman in the Guards who was very

+    ordinary-looking--what is called in Wiltshire "sinful

+    ordinary."'--_Illust. London News_, March 23, 1889.

+

+=Singreen=. See ~Sungreen~.--S.W.

+

+=Skag, Skeg=. (1) _v._ To tear obliquely.--N.W. (2) _n._ A ragged or

+oblique tear in clothes, such as is made by a nail.--N.W.

+

+=Skeart=. To cause to glance off, as a pane of glass diverts shot

+striking it at an angle.--N.W.

+

+=Skeer=. (1) To skim lightly and quickly over a surface, barely

+touching it, as a ball does along ice.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To

+mow summer-fed pastures lightly.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Skeer-devil=, =Skir-devil=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Skewer-wood=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N.W.

+

+=Skewy=, =Skeowy=. When the sky shows streaks of windy-looking cloud,

+and the weather seems doubtful, it is said to 'look skeowy.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Compare:--

+

+    '_Skew_: thick drizzle or driving mist.'--JAGO'S _Cornish

+    Glossary_.

+

+*=Skiel=. A cooler used in brewing beer (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Skiffley=. Showery. Perhaps from O.E. _skyfte_, to change.--S.W.

+

+=Skillet=. A round pot to hang over the fire.--N.W.

+

+=Skillin=, =Skilling=. A pent-house (A.C.S.); an outhouse or

+cow-shed. A.S. _scyldan_, to protect; Old Germ. _schillen_, to cover

+(A.). _Skillion_ is used in Australia for a small outhouse.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Skimmenton=, =Skimmenton-riding=. A serenade of rough music got up

+to express disapproval in cases of great scandal and immorality. The

+orthodox procedure in N. Wilts is as follows: the party assembles

+before the houses of the offenders, armed with tin pots and pans,

+and performs a serenade for three successive nights. Then after an

+interval of three nights the serenade is repeated for three more.

+Then another interval of the same duration and a third repetition of

+the rough music for three nights--nine nights in all. On the last

+night the effigies of the offenders are burnt. ~Housset~ is the same

+thing. The word and the custom have emigrated to America.--N.W.

+

+=Skimmer-cake=. A cake made of odd scraps of dough (S.). See

+~Skimmer-lad~.--S.W.

+

+=Skimmer-lad=. A dunch-dumpling, or piece of dough put on a skimmer

+and held in the pot while boiling.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skippet=. The long-handled ladle used for filling a water-cart,

+emptying a hog-tub, &c.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skipping-ropes=. Sprays of _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's

+Joy.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Skit=. A passing shower (_Great Estate_, ch. i).--N.W.

+

+*=Skive=. To shave or slice (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Skram=. See ~Scram~.

+

+=Skug, Sqwug=. A squirrel. 'I say, there's a skug! Let's have a

+cock-shot at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slack=. Impudence, cheek (S.). 'I'll ha' none o' your slack!'--S.W.

+

+=Slammock=, =Slummock=. A slattern. ~Slammick~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slan=. A sloe (A.). A.S. _sl�n_, pl. of _sl�_, sloe.--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Those eyes o' yourn be as black as slans.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    81.

+

+=Slang-up=, or =Slang-uppy=. Untidy, slatternly.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Slat=. (1) _v._ To split or crack (A.B.S.). 'Thuc plate's slat.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) _n._ A crack. 'What a girt slat thur is in un.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) _n._ A slate (A.). 'Thur's a slat blowed off.'--N.W.

+

+=Slay=. See ~Sleight~.

+

+=Sleek=. (1) _adj._ Slippery. 'The rwoad's terrible sleek.'--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Sleet.--N.W.

+

+=Sleight=, =Slay=. (1) _v._ To pasture sheep on the downs (D.).--N.W.

+(2) _n._ Sheep-sleight, a sheep-down (D.); a pasture good for

+sheep.--N.W.

+

+=Slent=. (1) _v._ To tear (S.). 'I've a bin an' slent ma

+yeppurn.'--S.W. (2) _n._ A tear or rent in clothes.--S.W.

+

+=Slewed=, =Slewy=. Drunk (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Slickit=. (1) A long thin slice (not a curly shaving) of wood

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W. (Berks bord.) (2) 'A slickit of a girl,' a

+young undeveloped girl (_Ibid._).--N.W. (Berks bord.) Cp. _Slacket_,

+slim, Cornw.

+

+=Slide=. The cross-bar on the tail of the fore-carriage of a waggon.

+See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+=Slip=. To shed. Of a horse, to shed its coat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slippetty-sloppetty=. Draggle-tailed, slovenly. 'I never zeed zich a

+slippetty-sloppetty wench in aal my barn days.'--N.W.

+

+=Slire=. _v._ To look askance or out of the corners of your eye at

+anything.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    '"Why should you suspect him?" "Aw, a' be a bad 'un; a' can't

+    look 'ee straight in the face; a' sort of slyers [looks

+    askance] at 'ee."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+*=Slize=. To look sly (A.B.H.Wr.). To look askance at any one.--N.W.

+

+=Slocks=. See ~Slox~.

+

+=Slocks about=. To go about in an untidy slatternly way.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Sloe=. In S. Wilts, about Salisbury, the large fruit is known as

+Sloes or Slues, and the small as Snags; in N. Wilts, at Huish,

+~Sl[)o]ns~ are large and ~Hedge-spe�ks~ small, while at Clyffe Pypard

+the same terms are used, but the latter is not confined to the small

+fruit. At Cherhill ~Hilps~ and ~Picks~ are the names. ~Slues~ is used

+in both N. and S. Wilts, and ~Sl[)o]ns~ or ~Sl[)a]ns~ in N. Wilts.

+

+=Slommakin=. _adj._ Of females, untidy, slatternly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+*=Sloop=. To change (A.H.Wr.). Perhaps a perversion of _slew_, or a

+misreading of _swop_ in badly written MS.

+

+=Slop about=. To shuffle about in a slipshod slovenly fashion.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Sloppet=. (1) _v._ The same as Slop about.--N.W.

+

+    'He "sloppets" about in his waistcoat and

+    shirt-sleeves.'--_Hodge and his Masters_, ch. xxiii.

+

+*(2) _v._ Applied to a rabbit's peculiar gait, and the manner in

+which it wears away and covers with sand the grass near its bury

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. ii).

+

+=Slouse=. To splash about, as a horse or dog does in water.--N.W.

+

+*=Sloven's year=. A wonderfully prosperous season, when even the bad

+farmer has good crops (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. To waste, to pilfer from employers

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Slummock=. See ~Slammock~.

+

+=Sly=. 'A sly day' looks bright and pleasant, but the air has a chill

+nip in it. 'Sly cold' is the treacherous kind of cold raw weather

+that was very prevalent during the influenza epidemic two or three

+years ago.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Smaak=. _n._ 'Aal in a smaak,' quite rotten; used of potatoes.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Smarm=. To bedaub. 'Don't smarm me aal auver wi' they dirty paws o'

+yourn.' ~Smaam~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smart=. A second swarm of bees.--N.W.

+

+=Smart=, =Smartish=, _adj._ Considerable (H.), as 'a smartish lot o'

+vawk.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smeech=. Dust.--S.W. (Salisbury, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Smeechy=. Dusty.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Smicket=. A smock or shift (A.).

+

+=Smother=. A weed and rubbish fire in a garden.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snag=, =Snaig=. (1) A badly shaped or decayed tooth; often used of a

+child's first teeth.--N.W. (2) Fruit of the sloe, q.v. (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Snag-bush=. _Prunus spinosa_, L., the Sloe (_Miss Plues_).

+

+=Snake-fern=. _Pteris aquilina_, L., Bracken.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Snake-flower=. (1) _Verbascum nigrum_, L., Black Mullein. Children

+are cautioned not to gather it, because a snake may be hiding under

+the leaves.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Snake's-head=. _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Zeals, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Snake-skin Willow=. _Salix triandra_, L., so called because it

+sheds its bark (_Great Estate_, ch. v).

+

+*=Snake's-victuals=. _Arum maculatum_, L. Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+    'In August ... she found the arum stalks, left alone without

+    leaves, surrounded with berries.... This noisome fruit ...

+    was "snake's victuals," and ... only fit for reptile's

+    food.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+=Snap=. A trap, as _Mouse-snap_, _Wont-snap_.--N. & S.W.,

+occasionally.

+

+=Snaps, Snap-jacks=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W.

+

+*=Snap-willow=. _Salix fragilis_, L., from its brittleness (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).

+

+=Snead=, =Snaith=. The pole of a scythe (A.). A.S. _sn'�d_.--N.W.

+

+=Snig=. A small eel.--S.W.

+

+=Sniggle=. (1) To snigger.--S.W. (2) 'To sniggle up,' to toady or

+endeavour to ingratiate yourself with any one.--S.W.

+

+*=Sniggling=. 'A sniggling frost,' a slight frost that just makes the

+grass crisp.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Snig-pot=. An eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Snippy=. Mean, stingy.

+

+=Snivett=. A newt. Perhaps a sibilated form of _Evet_.--N.W.

+

+=Snop=. (1) _v._ To hit smartly, as in chipping a stone.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _n._ A smart blow (S.), as 'A snop on the yead.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snotter-gall=. The yew-berry, probably from its slimy pulp.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Snotty=. (1) 'A snotty frost,' a slight crisp rime frost.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Nasty, dirty, mean.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snowball-tree=. The double Guelder-rose. ~Snowballs~, its

+blossoms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snow-blunt=. A slight snowstorm.--N. & S.W. See ~Blunk~.

+

+=Snow-in-harvest=, or =Snow-in-summer=. _Cerastium tomentosum_,

+L.--S.W.

+

+=Snowl=. (1) _n._ A large piece of anything (S.). 'Gie I a good snowl

+o' bread, mother!'--N. & S.W. *(2) _n._ The head.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Snow-on-the-mountains=. (1) _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White Meadow

+Saxifrage.--S.W. (2) White Cress.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snuff-rag=. A pocket-handkerchief (S.).--N. & S.W. (Lockeridge, &c.)

+Also used formerly at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Sobbled=. Soddened, soaked with wet (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Soce=. Friends; addressed to the company generally, as 'Well, soce,

+an' how be ye all to-day?'--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Very rarely heard in

+Wilts, but common in Dev. and Som. It is probably a relic of _Socii_,

+as used by monkish preachers. In the old ghost-story in Jefferies'

+_Goddard Memoir_ (see Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 555),

+the use of the word _soas_ (there spelt _source_) by one of the

+characters is alluded to in such a way as to show that it was looked

+on as a curious peculiarity of his. See _W. Somerset Words_.

+

+=Sod-apple=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb, from

+its smell when crushed.--N.W.

+

+    'Willow herb ... country folk call it the sod-apple, and say

+    the leaves crushed in the fingers have something of the scent

+    of apple-pie.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+*=Soft-tide=. The three days next before Lent (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Sog=. Soft boggy ground (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Sogging-wet=. Soaked.--N.& S.W.

+

+=Soldiers=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Soldiers'-buttons=. _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+=Soldiers-sailors-tinkers-tailors=. _Lolium perenne_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Souse=. 'Pigs'-sousen,' pigs'-ears.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Sow-flower=. _Sonchus oleraceus_, L., Sowthistle.--(Lyneham.)

+

+*=Sowle-grove=. February. (A.H.Wr.)--Obsolete.

+

+    'The shepherds and vulgar people in South Wilts call Februarie

+    "_sowlegrove_," and have this proverb of it:--"Soulgrove

+    sil lew,"--February is seldome warme--sil _pro_ seld,

+    seldome.'--AUBREY, _Anecdotes_, Camden Society, cxlvii.

+

+=Spade=. The congealed gum of the eye (A.B.). Also ~Spady~ in N.

+Wilts. A.S. _sped_, phlegm.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Spances=. 'Raves or sides, spances, compose the waggon-bed' (D.).

+

+=Spanky=. Showy, dashing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Spar=. In thatching, the 'elms' are fastened down with 'spicks'

+or 'spars,' split hazel rods, pointed at both ends, and bent into

+hairpin shape, with a twist just at the bend to give them a tendency

+when fixed to spring outwards, and so hold faster.--S.W.

+

+=Sparked, Sparky=. Of cattle, mottled or of two colours (D.); pied,

+variegated (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'One of the earliest indictments on the roll of the Hilary

+    Sessions [Wilts], 1603-4, tells of _quatuor vaccas quar'

+    due color sparked et una alia coloris rubri et altera color

+    browne_.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225-6.

+

+=Sparked-grass=. _Phalaris arundinacea_, L., Striped

+Ribbon-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+*=Spawl=. A chip or splinter from a stone.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Spear=. (1) _n._ A stalk of reed-grass (S.).--N.W. (2) _v._ See

+~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spend=. To turn out. 'How do your taters spend to-year?'--N.W.

+

+=Spick=. (1) In thatching, the same as ~Spar~.--S.W. (2) Lavender.

+~Spick~ (Som. bord.), and ~Spike~ (Hants bord.).--S.W.

+

+=Spikenard=. (1) Lavender.--N.W., occasionally. (2) _Anthoxanthum

+odoratum_, L., Sweet Vernal-grass.--N.W. (Bromham.)

+

+=Spill=. (1) The long straight stalk of a plant.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+*(2) 'To run to spill,' to run to seed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(3)

+Hence, figuratively, to be unproductive.--N.W. (Malmesbury,

+occasionally.)

+

+=Spit, Spet=. (1) _n._ 'The very spit of his father,' his very image

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 31). Cf. _Spit_, to lay eggs (_Skeat_). Just

+like (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To spit up the ground,' to work the

+surface lightly over.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Splash=. Commoner form of ~Plash~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-fig=. A short-weight grocer (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sploach=. To splutter (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sprack=. (1) Lively, active (A.B.C.S.); also ~Sprag~ (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'That's a sprack mare o' yourn.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 68.

+

+(2) Intelligent, quick (A.C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'He had picked up a few words and phrases with which he

+    sometimes "bothered" his neighbours, who thought Jem "a mortal

+    sprack chap"; but in truth he was a great fool.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 65.

+

+=Sprank=. A sprinkling of anything. 'There be a good sprank o' fruit

+to-year.' Also used in Somerset.--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+*=Sprawing=. A sweetheart. This word is given for Wilts by Britton,

+Akerman, Halliwell, Wright, and others, but should be treated as a

+'ghost-word,' and struck out of our glossaries. In _Cunnington MS._

+it is written as ~Sprawny~, q.v., but Britton when transcribing from

+that source would appear to have misread it as _Sprawing_, probably

+not being himself acquainted with the word, while Akerman and others

+must simply have taken it blindly on his authority.

+

+*=Sprawny=. A sweetheart (_Cunnington MS._). A variant of _Sprunny_.

+See note on ~Sprawing~. A male sweetheart in Glouc.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Whipped to some purpose will thy sprunny be.'--COLLINS,

+    _Miscellanies_, 1762.

+

+=Spreader=. The thin pole or bar which keeps the traces apart _(Wilts

+Tales_, p. 173).--N.W.

+

+*=Spreath=, =Spreeth=. Active, nimble, able (A.B.H.Wr.). 'He is a

+spreeth young fellow' (B.).

+

+=Spreathed=. Of the skin, roughened or chapped by cold (B.S.)

+Spreazed (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spreyed=. Of the skin, roughened by cold, but not chapped. Spryed on

+Som. bord.--S.W.

+

+=Spring=. Of a cow, to show signs of calving.--N.W.

+

+=Spring-dag=. A chilblain. Cf. _Dag_, a twinge of pain.--S.W.

+

+=Spring-flower=. The garden Polyanthus.--N.W.

+

+=Spuddle=. (1) _v._ To stir about (A.B.), to fuss about at doing

+trifles. 'He's allus a-spuddling about like, but there yen't nothen

+to show for 't ses I.'--N.W. (2) v. To make a mess (S.). A sibilated

+form of _puddle_.--S.W.

+

+=Spudgel=. A wooden scoop (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spuds=. Potatoes (S.). Perhaps introduced by Irish harvesters.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Spur=. See ~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spurl=. To spread dung about the fields (S.). Also ~Spear~, ~Spur~,

+and ~Spurdle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Spurling-boards=. Boards set to prevent the corn from flying out of

+the threshing-floor (D.).

+

+=Spur-stone=. A projecting stone, set in the ground as a support to a

+post, or to protect anything near the roadway (_Bevis_, ch. v).

+

+*=Squab=. The youngest or weakest bird of a brood or pig of a litter

+(A.). The 'darling' of a litter.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Squail=, =Sqwoil=. (1) To throw (A.H.S.); used of sticks, not

+stones.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In the orchard Bevis and Mark squailed at the pears with short

+    sticks.'--_Bevis_, ch. xvi.

+

+    'They would like to squail a stick at his high and ancient

+    hat.'--_Ibid._ ch. xvi.

+

+(2) _Fig._ To do a thing awkwardly (H.), as 'Her went up the street

+a squailing her arms about.'--N.W. *(3) Cock-squoilin, throwing at

+cocks at Shrovetide (A.).--Obsolete. Bird-squoilin, killing birds

+with stones (S.). (4) Of a candle, to gutter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squailer=, =Squale=, =Squoile=. A stick or loaded cane, used by boys

+for throwing at apples, rabbits, squirrels, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The handle of a "squailer" projected from Orion's coat-pocket.

+    For making a squailer a tea-cup was the best mould:... A ground

+    ash sapling with the bark on, about as thick as the little

+    finger, pliant and tough, formed the shaft, which was about

+    fifteen inches long. This was held upright in the middle of

+    a tea-cup, while the mould was filled with molten lead. It

+    soon cooled, and left a heavy conical knob on the end of the

+    stick. If rightly thrown it was a deadly missile, and would fly

+    almost as true as a rifle ball. A rabbit or leveret could thus

+    be knocked over; and it was peculiarly adapted for fetching a

+    squirrel out of a tree, because, being so heavy at one end, it

+    rarely lodged on the boughs, as an ordinary stick would, but

+    overbalanced and came down.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii.

+

+    'The "squaler" came into use very early in the school's

+    history, and was for years almost as much a part of the

+    ordinary equipment of a Marlborough boy as a cricket-bat would

+    now be. To later generations the very name probably conveys no

+    meaning. The weapon itself was simple enough, though extremely

+    formidable. It consisted of a piece of lead something the shape

+    and about the size of a pear, with a cane handle about eighteen

+    inches long. A squaler could be thrown a great distance and

+    with terrific force, and at short ranges by the practised hands

+    of the Marlburians of those days with great accuracy. Its

+    ostensible purpose was squirrel-hunting, as the name suggests

+    [No, it is not a contraction of "squirreller," but is from

+    _squail_, to throw.--_G.E.D._], but it came in handy for the

+    larger quarry which the more adventurous tribes pursued and

+    slew, such as rabbits, hares, and very frequently even deer.

+    It lingered on as an article of local sale till the middle of

+    the sixties; but ... was made contraband, and finally died

+    out.'--_History of Marlborough College_, ch. ix. p. 94.

+

+    'To make a squailer you provide yourself with an eighteen-inch

+    length of half-inch cane, two inches of which you sheath with

+    tow and then insert in a ladle of molten lead. There you

+    manipulate it in such sort that there is presently left to

+    cool at the end of your cane a pear-shaped lump of lead of

+    the weight experience has shown you to be proper. With this

+    weapon an adept can bring down a squirrel from on high, or

+    stop one on the level at five-and-twenty yards, almost to a

+    certainty.'--W. F. WALLER in _Notes & Queries_, 8th series, ii.

+    p. 197. 'Another Marlborough mode of making it is to pour the

+    melted lead into a cone composed of many folds of well-wetted

+    paper, tied round the slightly notched upper end of the cane or

+    ground ash.'--G. E. DARTNELL in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. p.

+    257. Also see various letters in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. pp.

+    149, 197, 257. Squailers were in use at the Grammar school as

+    well as at the College, up to about 1867.

+

+=Squailing=. Clumsy, badly, or irregularly shaped, as 'a squailing

+loaf,' 'a squailing sort of a town,' &c. (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Square=. Thatching is paid by the 'square,' which is 100 square

+feet.--N.W.

+

+=Squat=. See ~Squot~.

+

+=Squeak-Thrush=. The Missel Thrush.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Squeeze-belly=. A V-shaped stile.--N.W.

+

+=Squelch=, =Squelp=. (1) _adv._ 'A vell down squelch,' he fell

+heavily (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To squash to pieces, as a heavy stone

+would an egg.--N.W.

+

+=Squinney=. (1) _v._ 'To squinney round,' to peep about.--S.W.

+(2) _n._ 'Squinney-hole,' a peep-hole. Sometimes also used of a

+hagioscope in a church.--S.W.

+

+=Squish=. (1) _v._ Of soft or boggy ground, to give under foot with

+the peculiar spirt and sound that denote a water-logged condition.

+'The rwoad wer squishing under I ael the waay to 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ Of mud, to spirt and splash up as it does in a boggy place.

+'It wer main hocksey, an' the muck squished up ael over I, purty nigh

+up to my eyes.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squishey=. _adj._ Soft, wet, swampy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughing engine be stuck fast up to the axle, the land be

+    so soft and squishey.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vii.

+

+=Squoil=. See ~Squail~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Squot= or =Squat=. (1) n. A bruise (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bruise or crush (S.), as 'I've bin an' squot my thumb.' To

+bruise by compression (B.).--N.W.

+

+=Sqwawk=. To squall out as a hen does when pulled off the nest.--N.W.

+

+=Stabble=. v. Of ground, to poach up by continual treading, as near

+a field gateway (_Village Miners_). Children are always 'stabbling

+about' indoors, making a mess and litter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stack=. 'A stack of elms'=either one score or two score of

+'elms.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Staddles=, =Staddle-stones=. The pillars on which a rick stands

+(A.B.S.). Cf. ~Stavel~ (~Steevil~ in S.W.). A.S. sta�ol.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stael=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stag=, =Steg=. A rent in clothes.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Staid=. Of mature age, elderly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stake-and-ether-hedge=. A wattled fence. See ~Ether~.--N.W.

+

+=Stale=, =Stael=, or =Steale=. The long handle of any husbandry tool

+(A.B.). A.S. _stel_ (in compounds).--N.W.

+

+    'A was as lang and as lane as a rake-stael.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    177.

+

+    'The peculiar broad-headed nail which fastens the mop to the

+    stout ashen "steale," or handle.'--_Wild Life_, ch. iv.

+

+*=Standing=, =Stannin=. A stall or small booth at a fair. ~Stannen~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Star-flower=. (1) _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Lysimachia nemorum_, L., Wood Loosestrife.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Stark=. _v._ To dry up. 'The ground is got so stark--you see the hot

+sun after the rain did stark the top on't.'--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Starky=. (1) Stiff, dry (A.B.). Shrivelled up, as applied to

+things.--N.W. (2) Shrivelled and wasted by ill-health.--N.W.

+

+*=Stars=. _Campanula glomerata_, L., Clustered Bellflower.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Start=. (1) An outing or pleasure-party. 'Wher be th' missus, Bill?'

+'Whoy, off on a bit of a start.'--S.W. (2) A 'go.' 'That's a rum

+start, yun' it?'--N.W.

+

+=Starve=. (1) _v._ 'To starve with cold,' to be extremely cold;

+to cause anything to be cold. Chiefly used in past participle, as

+'starved wi' th' cowld,' perished with cold. A.S. _steorfan_, to

+die. 'My old man he do starve I at nights wi' the cowld, 'cause

+he got a crooked leg, and he do sort o' cock un up 'snaw, and the

+draaft do get in under the bed-claus, and I be fairly starved wi' the

+cowld.'--N. & S.W. (2) See ~Bird-starving~.--N.W.

+

+*=Stavel-barn=. A barn on stone pillars (Agric. Survey). See

+~Staddles~.

+

+=Steale=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stean=. (1) _v._ To 'stone,' or cover a path or road with gravel or

+small stones.--N.W. (2) 'To stean a well,' to line its sides with

+stone (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Steaner=. The man who lays the second and inner rows of sheaves in

+building a wheat rick.--N.W.

+

+=Steanin=. (1) A road made with small stones (A.).--N.W. (2) The

+built-up portion of a well.--S.W. See ~Stean~.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _n._ The tang which fastens anything; the ring of a

+button, &c.--N.W. (2) _n._ The small iron rod, on the head of which

+the cappence of the old-fashioned flail played.--N.W. (3) _n._ A

+young ox. Apparently _steer_, with _t_ excrescent.--N.W.

+

+=Steer=. The starling. A form of _Stare_.--N.W.

+

+=Steip=. See ~Stipe~.

+

+=Stem=. A period of time (A.H.S.), as 'a stem o' dry weather.' Work

+on the roads, &c., is done 'on the stem,' or 'by the stem.' A.S.

+_stemn_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stepple=. A hoof-mark (_Village Miners_). Cf. ~Stabble~.--N.W.

+

+=Stewer=, =Stour=, =Sture=. Fuss, commotion.--S.W.

+

+=Stew up=. To tidy up.--S.W.

+

+=Stick=. To decorate with evergreens, &c. 'We allus sticks th' Church

+at Christmas,'--the decorations formerly consisting only of sprigs of

+holly stuck into holes in the backs of the pews.--N.W.

+

+=Stickle=. To stick. 'They're as thick as they can stickle on

+it.'--S.W.

+

+=Stick-up=. _v._ To make the first tentative advances towards

+courtship.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+    'I've bin a-stickin' up to another young ooman this summer, wi'

+    a view to keepin' comp'ny wi' she.'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+=Stipe=. 'The stipe o' the hill,' the steepest part.--N.W.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. A dozen and a half of 'elms' (H.Wr.). '_Steip of

+helms_, eighteen helms: Wilts.'--Holloway's _Dict._--S.W.

+

+=Stived up=. Shut up in a warm close place. Fighting cocks were

+formerly kept warm in a 'stive,' or kind of straw basket like a hive,

+whilst waiting their turn to fight.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoach=. To plant potatoes with a 'stoacher.' In some counties

+_stoach_=poach, to trample into holes.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Stoacher=. 'A tater stoacher,' a thick stake, with projecting notch

+on which the foot is placed to drive the sharpened point into the

+ground. The potatoes are dropped into the holes so made.--N.W.

+

+=Stobball-play=. An old game, played with a withy-staff and a small

+ball, stuffed full of quills, said by Aubrey (_Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 117, ed. Brit.) to be peculiar to North Wilts, North Gloucester,

+and the neighbourhood of Bath; but probably a form of _stool-ball_

+(H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Illegal games ... mentioned are ... hand-ball, foot-ball,

+    and stave-ball or "stobball"; (_pilum manualem, pedalem,

+    sive baculinam_), "nine-holes" and "kittles."'--_On the

+    Self-government of Small Manorial Communities, as exemplified

+    in the Manor of Castle Combe.--Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p.

+    156.

+

+=Stodge=. (1) _n._ Substantial food.--N.W. (2) _v._ To stuff

+gluttonously. ~Stodged~, quite unable to cram down another

+morsel.--N.W.

+

+=Stodgy=. _adj._ Of food, causing a feeling of repletion.--N.W.

+

+=Stogged=. Stuck in the mud, bogged (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoggy=. Wet and sticky; used of ground that 'stogs' you, or in

+which you get 'stogged.'--N.W.

+

+=Stomachy=. _adj._ Unbending (S.). Obstinate, headstrong,

+self-willed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stone-bruise=. A kind of corn on the foot. In an American

+trouting-yarn in _Fishing Gazette_, December 17, 1892, p. 429, the

+following occurs:--

+

+    'It's just the age for "stone-bruises" in a boy, and he must

+    have a pair of shoes any way.'

+

+*=Stone-osier=. _Salix purpurea_, L. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Stop=. A hole in the ground--not in a hedgerow, but a few yards

+away, or on cultivated ground--where the doe rabbit has her young;

+said to be from her 'stopping' or covering it over when she leaves

+it. Also used in Hants.--N.W., common.

+

+=Storm-cock=. _Turdus viscivorus_, Missel Thrush (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 129).--S.W.

+

+=Stout=. The gadfly (A.B.). 'They stowuts be so terrifyin'.'--N.W.

+

+=Stowl=. (1) _n._ The root of a timber-tree left in the ground after

+felling (A.B.C.); the stump of a bush or tree, in hedge or copse, cut

+off low down so as to form a stock from which underwood may spring

+(C.D.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To stowl out,' to shoot out thickly,

+as a bush cut off low down, or wheat which has been fed off when

+young.--N.W.

+

+=Strafe=. To wander about.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Strapper=. An Irish harvester or tramping labourer.--N.W.

+

+=Strawberry-leaved Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L. See ~Hanging

+Geranium~.--S.W.

+

+=Strick=. See ~Strike~.

+

+*=Strickle=. See ~Stritch~.

+

+*=Striddling=. The right to lease fallen apples after the gathering

+in of the crop. Cf. ~Griggling~.

+

+=Strike=, =Strick=. To slip up; to slip and swing out as a vehicle

+does when turning a corner fast on a slippery road. 'Her stricked up

+on thuck there slide, an' come down vlop.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Strim-strum=. _adj._ Unmusical (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Stripe=. A fool, a simpleton (H.Wr.). Probably a mistake for

+~Stupe~.

+

+=Strip-up=. _v._ To shroud the lower part of a tree, as is usually

+done with hedgerow timber at intervals.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stritch=, =Strickle=. A piece of wood used for striking off the

+surplus grain from a corn measure. A.S. _stricol_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Strommelling=. *(1) Awkward, ungainly (A.B.H.). *(2) Unruly

+(A.B.H.), as 'a strommellin' child.'

+

+=Strong=. 'Strong a-dying,' at the point of death.--N.W.

+

+*=Strouter=. A strut or support in the side of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Stub=. (1) _n._ A stump of a tree; a projecting root.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ In walking, to strike the foot against a stub or projecting

+root.--N.W. *(3) _v._ 'To stub off,' to cut off a bush or tree close

+to the ground (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x). (4) 'Stubs,' stubble, as

+_wheat-stubs, barley-stubs_ (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Stubbed=. A 'stubbed' broom is one much worn down by use, as opposed

+to a new one.--S.W.

+

+*=Stuck=. A spike (A.).

+

+=Stud=. _v._ To ponder over, think about. 'Don't 'ee stud upon 't so

+much.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Studdle=. To stir up water so as to make it thick and muddy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Studdly=, =Stoddly=. Thick, as beer before it settles after

+moving.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+*=Stultch=. A crutch, a boy's stilt (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2).

+(H.Wr.). Stelch in Glouc.--Obsolete.

+

+=Stun=. _v._ To cause to make no growth. 'Grass was stunned in its

+growth this season' (1892).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Potterne, &c.)

+

+=Sture=. See ~Stewer~.

+

+=Suant=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Succour=. (1) _n._ Shelter; a sheltered place. A tender plant is set

+'in the succour of the wall'; and cattle on a cold wet day get 'in

+the succour of the hedge.' ''Tes gwain' to rain, for the wind's down

+in the succours,' i.e. hollows and sheltered places generally. On

+bleak parts of the Downs the cottages are mostly to be found in the

+succours.--N.W. (Huish, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    'Goddard the elder being a copyholder of lands in Eylden within

+    the Manner of Ogburne near adjoyning to His Majesties Chace

+    being a place that in winter time was a special and usual

+    succour for preserving the breed of young deer belonging to the

+    Chace.'--Extract from _Bond_ v. _Goddard and others_, 1636. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 259.

+

+(2) _v._ To shelter. An old-fashioned bonnet is said to 'succour' the

+ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where they are 'succoured'

+by bushes or walls.--N.W.

+

+=Suck-blood=. The Common Leech. ~Zuckblood~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Suffer=. To punish, to make to suffer. 'I'll suffer you, you young

+rascal!'--N.W.

+

+*=Suffy=. To draw a deep and quick breath.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Sugar-codlins=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb.--N.W.

+

+=Suggy=. Wood that is soaked with wet is said to be 'suggy.' See

+~Sog~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Suity=. Even, regular (A.B.).

+

+*=Sultedge=. A coarse apron, worn by poor women (A.B.C.). ~Sultredge~

+(H.Wr.). By which is probably intended that the apron is made of

+_sultedge_, or a kind of coarse sheeting.--N.W.

+

+*=Summer field=. See quotation.

+

+    'In the four-field system, where the clover is sown the second

+    year, and mowed the third, the field becomes in the fourth year

+    what is called, in Wiltshire, a summer field.'--_Agric. of

+    Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Summer ground=. See quotation.

+

+    'A custom upon two farms ... of feeding six oxen through the

+    full range of all the summer ground belonging to the hither

+    Beversbrook ... being the Home Close, the Middle Marsh, the

+    Course Marsh, the Upper Lease, and Brewer's Lease; through the

+    full range likewise of such summer grounds as belong to the

+    yonder Beversbrook to be put in at Mortimers Gate and to feed

+    to Burfurlong Corner, through all the afore mentioned grounds

+    from the third of May to Michaelmas.'--_Hilmarton Parish

+    Terrier_, 1704. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+=Summer rick=. A windmow, or very large cock of hay, thrown up in the

+field, to remain there some time (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Summers= or =Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Summer Snipe=. _Totanus hypoleucos_, Common Sandpiper.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sungreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek. Occasionally

+Singreen in S. Wilts, and Silgreen in N. Wilts. A.S. _singr�ne_.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Swaft=. Thirst (H.Wr.). Probably from Fr. _soif_.

+

+*=Swank=. To work in a slow lazy fashion, to idle. 'Her bain't no

+good for _your_ place, ma'am, her do go swanking about so over her

+work.'--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Swankey=. *(1) _adj._ Boisterous, swaggering, strutting

+(A.B.H.Wr.). *(2) _n._ Weak beer; drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Swash=, =Swosh=. (1) _n._ A torrent or great rush of water.--N.W.

+

+    'A man in answer to my question of _how_ the rain seemed to

+    fall, said, "It came down in _swashes_," and I think it may

+    also be said that occasionally the wind came in _swashes_

+    too.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi.

+    p. 380.

+

+(2) _v._ To swill out. 'I've bin swoshing out the back-kitchin.'--N.W.

+

+*=Sweeps=. _Hypericum calycinum_, L., Large-flowered St. John's

+Wort.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Sweet-briar=. The young succulent suckers of any rose, which are

+peeled and eaten by children.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Sweeten=. Some land requires _sweetening_, or chalking, to take out

+the acidity, before it will bear barley (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Sweethearts=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass, because its burs

+have such an affectionate way of clinging to one.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Swilter=. To smoulder away to ashes, without breaking into flame

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Swittle=. To cut or whittle (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Sythe=. To sigh (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+

+=T=. _Thr_, at the beginning of a word, is usually sounded as _dr_,

+as _draish_, _dree_. After liquids _d_ or _t_ will often be added, as

+_varmint_, vermin; _sarment_, sermon; _steart_, a steer; _dillard_,

+thiller. _F_ and _v_ sometimes become _th_, as _thetches_ for fitches

+or vetches. _Th_ will also occasionally become _Ss_, as _lattermass_,

+latter-math. Conversely, _Ss_ rarely becomes _th_, as _moth_, moss.

+

+=Tack=. (1) A shelf, as _chimney-tack_ (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) Pasture

+for horses and cattle (A.B.).--N.W. (3) 'Out to tack,' at agistment,

+applied to cattle that are put out to keep by the week or month.--N.W.

+

+=Tackle=. Stuff, any material, as food, solid or liquid (A.). 'This

+here yale be oncommon good tackle'; or dress material, 'Haven't 'ee

+got any gingham tackle?' (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Also used of food

+for cattle.--N.W.

+

+    'Thaay [the sheep] be goin' into th' Mash to-morrow.... We be

+    got shart o' keep.... Thur's a main sight o' tackle in the Mash

+    vor um.'--_Green Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Taffety=. Dainty in eating (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tag=. (1) When a lawn-mower or barrow is too heavy for one man to

+manage alone, a rope is attached for a boy to draw by, who is said to

+'pull tag.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _n._ A game played by boys.

+One touches another, saying _Tag!_ and the touched person has then

+to run after and touch another, who becomes _Tag_ in his turn.--N. &

+S.W. *(3) _v._ To tease, to torment (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tail=. (1) _n._ The whole skirt of a woman's dress. 'Hev 'ee got

+ar' a owld taail to gie I, Miss?'--N. & S.W. (2) 'Seconds' of

+flour (_Great Estate_, ch. vi); also ~Tailing-flour~.--N.W. (3)

+~Tail-ends~ or ~Tailings~. Refuse wheat, not saleable in market, kept

+for consumption on the farm (A.B.G.); also ~Tail~, ~Tailing-wheat~,

+and ~Tailens~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tail Pole=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+*=Take=. _n._ The sciatica (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Take up=. Of weather, to become fine.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tallet=, =Tallot=. A hay-loft over a stable (A.B.G.S.). Welsh

+_taflod_.--N. & S.W. See _N. & Q._ 8th Ser. iv. 450, &c.

+

+*=Tamed=. 'By that time the ground will be tamed.' Said in Lisle's

+_Husbandry_ to be a Wilts agricultural term, but not there explained.

+

+=Tan=. _Then_ is so pronounced in such phrases as _Now'-an'-Tan_ and

+_Twitch-an'-Tan_.

+

+=Tang=. (1) 'To tang the bell,' to pull it (A.).--N.W. (2) 'To

+tang bees,' to follow a swarm, beating a fire-shovel or tin pan

+(A.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To make a noise (S.).--S.W. (4) _n._ A small

+church bell is a ~Ting-Tang~.--N.W.

+

+=Tankard=. A sheep-bell.--N.W. It is said that the whole of the

+'tankards' in use in England are made at Great Cheverell.

+

+    'Hilary ... turned back, remarking, "It's Johnson's flock; I

+    know the tang of his tankards." The flat-shaped bells hung

+    on a sheep's neck are called tankards, and Hilary could

+    distinguish one flock from another by the varying notes of

+    their bells.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vi. p. 123.

+

+*=Tasker=. A tramping harvester or casual labourer who works by the

+piece (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 24).

+

+*=Tawney=, =Ta'aney=. The Bullfinch, _Pyrrhula vulgaris_.--N.W.

+

+=Tazzle=. _n._ 'Her hair be aal of a tazzle,' in great disorder, all

+tangled and knotted and tousled.--N.W.

+

+=Tear=. (1) A rage. 'He wur in just about a tear.'--S.W. (2) In N.

+Wilts old folk used formerly to _tear_ their crockery, and _break_

+their clothes, but _tear_ now seems obsolete in this sense there.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (1) Painfully tender, sore, as a wound (A.).--N.W. (2)

+Stinging, as a blister.--N.W. (Rowde.) (3) Tart, as beer turning sour

+(S.): acrimonious. See _Addenda_.--S.W.

+

+=Ted=. To throw about hay for the first time (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Teel=, =Tile=. To place anything leaning against a wall (A.B.H.Wr.).

+Generally used with _up_, as 'Teel it up agen th' wall, wull

+'ee?'--N.W.

+

+=Teft=. The same as ~Heft~ (A.B.C.)--N.W.

+

+=Teg-man=. A shepherd.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+    'I am a teg-man (or shepherd) in the employ of Mr.

+    White.'--_Wilts County Mirror_, October 28, 1892, p. 8, col. 5.

+

+=Temper=. 'To temper down dripping,' to melt it and refine with

+water.--N.W.

+

+=Temtious=. Tempting, inviting.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Temzer=. A riddle or sieve. Cp. Fr. _tamis_.--Obsolete.

+

+    'A temzer, a range, or coarse searche: Wilts.'--_MS. Lansd._

+    1033, f. 2.

+

+=Tentful=. Attentive, careful.--N.W.

+

+=Terrible=. Extremely. ''Tes a terr'ble bad harvest to-year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Terrify=. (1) _v._ To worry, irritate, annoy; used especially of

+very troublesome children. 'The vlies be terrible terrifying.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    ''Twer mostly losing of a hoss as did for 'em, and most al'ays

+    wi' bad shoeing. They gived 'em scant measure--shoed 'em too

+    tight, they did, a-terrifying o' the poor beasts.'--_Jonathan

+    Merle_, ch. xlviii. p. 520.

+

+    'Her own folks mightn't a-like so well to come and stay,

+    if ther was al'ays a terrifying old woman to put up

+    with.'--_Ibid_, ch. liv. p. 596.

+

+    'Her husband, who had been out in the fields, came home and

+    began to "terrify" her.'--_Marlborough Times_, November 26,

+    1892.

+

+    'I be turrivied wi' rheumatics.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+(2) _n._ A source of worry or trouble. A bed-ridden woman who has to

+get her neighbours to do everything for her is 'a terrible terrify'

+to them.--N.W. *(3) _v._ To injure, as a hailstorm does apple-blossom

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Tewley=, =Tuley=. Weakly (S.). Sickly, tired-looking.--S.W.

+

+=Thatches=. See =Thetches=.

+

+=Thauf=. Although, or although if; as 'A never vound un, thauf he'd

+gone dree lug vurder on, a cudden a bin off seein' on un.' Cp.

+Sauf.--N.W. (Malmesbury, etc.)

+

+=Theave=. A ewe of the third year.

+

+    'We have wether hogs and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram

+    tegs, and theaves, and two-tooths, and four-tooths, and

+    six-tooths.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ ch. xvii. p. 303.

+

+=There-right=. (1) 'Go straight forward,' order to a horse at plough

+(A.).--N.W. (2) On the spot.--N.W.

+

+=Thert=. _v._ To plough land a second time, at right angles to

+the first ploughing, so as to clean it more effectually. Cp.

+_Thwart_.--N.W.

+

+=Thetches=, =Thatches=. Vetches. _Lent thetches_ are an early spring

+kind.--N.W.

+

+=Thill=, or =Dill=. The shaft of a cart.--N.W.

+

+=Thiller=, =Diller=, =Thill-horse=. The shaft-horse of a team.--N.W.

+

+=Thimbles=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., the Harebell.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+=Thorough-pin=. The pin which fastens the waggon-bed to the carriage

+(D.). See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+*=Three-pound-tenner=. The name given by bird-catchers about

+Salisbury to the 'Chevil' variety of Goldfinch, it being more

+valuable than the ordinary kind (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 203).--S.W.

+

+=Threshles=. 'A pair of threshles, drashols, or flyals, a flail'

+(D.). The usual term for a flail. See ~Drashel~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Throw=. (1) _n._ 'A throw of timber,' the quantity felled at any one

+time.--N.W. (2) _v._ To fell timber (_Bevis_, ch. i).--N.W. (3) 'To

+throw a gin or snare,' to spring or set it off (_Amateur Poacher_,

+ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Thunder-bolts=, (1) The concretionary nodules of iron pyrites so

+frequently found in the chalk. See ~Gold~; also Thunder-stones in

+_Addenda_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them

+    thunderbolts.--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+(2) Fossil belemnites.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thunder-flower=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Thunder-fly=. A black midge. So called because they appear mostly in

+thunder weather.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tiny black flies alighting on my hands and face, irritated

+    the skin; the haymakers call them "thunder-flies."'--_Great

+    Estate_, ch. v. pp. 96-97.

+

+*=Thurindale=. A flagon holding about three pints (H.Wr.). M.E.

+_thriddendele_, a third part.--Obsolete.

+

+=Thurtifer=. Unruly, self-willed (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Ticky Pig=. The smallest pig of a litter.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tid=. *(1) Lively, playful (B.G.). (2) Childish, affecting

+simplicity (A.), shy. 'Coom, coom, dwon't'e be tid' (A.). A.S.

+_tyddr_, tender, weak, imbecile.--N.W.

+

+=Tiddle=. (1) _v._ To bring up a lamb by hand (A.). A.S. _tyddrian_,

+to nourish, feed.--N.W.

+

+    '"Shall I get a drap o' milk, and _tiddle_ un a leetle,

+    maester?" ... "Ha! to be sure! ... Put un into the basket ...

+    and get us a bottle wi' some milk." Tom, who had often assisted

+    the young lambs in the same way, soon procured the therewith

+    to fashion the pseudo teat, and master and man did their

+    best to perform the office of wet nurse to the unfortunate

+    foundling.'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 5-6.

+

+(2) _v._ To tickle (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tiddlin' lamb=. A lamb brought up by hand (A.). See ~Tiddle~

+(1).--N.W.

+

+*=Tiddy=. _adj._ Weakly, delicate. See ~Tiddle~ (1).--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+=Tide-times=. Christmas, Easter, &c. 'He do have a drop, tide-times

+and that.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tie=. Of wood, to pinch the saw while working.--N.W.

+

+*=Tig=. A little pig (_Dark_, ch. i).--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Tile=. See ~Teel~.

+

+=Tiller=. The upper handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw. See

+~Box~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tiller out=. To sprout out with several shoots, as wheat after being

+eaten off when young.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Timersome=. Timid (A.S.).--N.W.

+

+=Tine=. *(1) _v._ To light a fire or candle (A.C.). ~Tin'd~ (B.). Cf.

+A.S. _tendan, on-tendan_, to kindle, and E. _tinder_. *(2) To finish

+off a laid hedge or stake-fence by weaving in the top-band of boughs

+(A.B.). *(3) _v._ To divide or enclose a field with a hedge (A.B.C.).

+A.S. _t�nan_.--N.W.

+

+    'To tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose it with a

+    fence of wood or quickset.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(4) _n._ A drag or harrow tooth (D.).--N.W. *(5) To give the ground

+two or three _tinings_ is to draw the harrow two or three times over

+the same place. See Cope's _Hants Gloss_.

+

+    'They drag it two, three, or four times, and harrow it four,

+    five, or six times, viz. (provincially speaking), they

+    give it "so many tine with the drag, and so many with the

+    harrow."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+=Ting-tang=. A small church-bell (S.). See ~Tang~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tining=. (1) _n._ A new enclosure made with a dead hedge (D.H.

+Wr.).--N.W. (2) _n._ A fence of wood, either brushwood, pale, or

+quickset (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tippem=, =Tippum=. A game played by six boys, three on each side of

+the table. The centre one 'works the piece,' i.e. passes it from hand

+to hand up and down under his side of the table. Then all the hands

+are placed on the table, and the opposite side guesses which hand the

+'piece' is in, and scores or loses a mark according as the guess is

+right or wrong. The 'piece' may be anything available, from a knife

+to a pebble or bean.--N.W.

+

+=Tippy=, =Tippity=. Easily upset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tistie-tostie=, =Tostie=. A child's name for both cowslip and

+cowslip-ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tithing=, =Tething=. A shock of ten sheaves, for convenience in

+tithe-taking (D.). The same as ~Hyle~.--N.W.

+

+=Titty-wren=. The wren.--N.W.

+

+*=Toads'-cheese=. Toadstool, fungus (A.).

+

+*=Toads'-heads=. _Fritillaria Meleagris_, L., Snake's-head (_English

+Plant Names_).--N.W. (Minety.)

+

+=Toads'-meat=. Toadstools; fungi (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Toad-stabber=. A bad blunt knife (S.). Commonly used by boys about

+Clyffe Pypard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Todge=. Any thick spoon-meat, as gruel (A.B.C.). See ~Stodge~.--N.W.

+

+=Token=. *(1) A fool (H.Wr.). (2) A 'young token' is a young

+rascal.--N.W. (3) Formerly used also as a term of endearment.

+A man would call his children his 'little tokens.'--N.W. (4)

+'Blackberry-token,' the Dewberry.

+

+=Toll=. To entice or decoy. ~Tawl~ (S.). 'Hev' a bit o' cheese, to

+toll the bread down wi', will 'ee?' Still in common use. A cow given

+to wandering, when she breaks out of bounds, generally 'tolls' the

+rest of the herd after her.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toll-bird=. (1) _n._ A trained decoy-bird; also a stuffed bird used

+as a decoy.--N. & S.W. (2) 'To give anything just as a toll-bird,'

+to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel. Tradesmen will sell some one

+article far below cost-price, as a toll-bird to attract custom.--S.W.

+

+=Tom-bird=. The male of any bird is generally so called in N. Wilts.

+

+=Tom Cull=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_ (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy=. Food in general (S.), especially when carried out into the

+fields.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-bag=. The bag in which labourers take food out with them

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-hacker=. The same as Hacker.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Tommy-hawk=. A potato hacker. See ~Hacker~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tom Thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+*=Tom Thumb's Honeysuckle=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Toppings=. Bran and mill-sweepings ground up together.--N.W.

+

+=Totty=, =Tutty=, =Tutto=. A nosegay. Used all over Wilts, in

+slightly varying pronunciations, the stress sometimes falling on

+the first and sometimes on the last syllable. An apple-tree in full

+blossom is 'all a totty.' At Hungerford the tything-men are known as

+~Tutti-men~, and carry ~Tutti-poles~, or wands wreathed with flowers.

+Minsheu's Dict., Eng. and Spanish ed. 1623, 'a posie or tuttie.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Touch=. Coarse brown paper soaked in saltpetre and dried, used

+instead of matches for lighting a pipe in the open air, the spark to

+kindle it being struck with a knife and a flint. Commonly used up to

+a very recent date.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Touchwood=. A boy's game, in which the pursued endeavours to escape

+by touching _wood_, i.e. tree or post, before his pursuer can seize

+him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toward=. (1) Order to a horse to come towards you.--N.W. (2) Hence

+applied to anything near or leaning towards you (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Towardly=. Docile, as opposed to _froward_.--N.W.

+

+=To-year=, =T'year=. This year. 'I bain't a-gwain' to set no taters

+to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Traipse=, =Trapes=, =Traipsey=. (1) _n._ A slattern.--N. & S.W. (2)

+To walk in a slatternly manner; used chiefly of women.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Trammel Hawk=. _Falco peregrinus_, Peregrine Falcon (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 72).--S.W.

+

+=Trant=. To move goods.--N.W.

+

+=Tranter=. A haulier.--N.W.

+

+=Trapes=. n. An untidy person (S.). See ~Traipes~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Traveller's-ease=. _Achillea Millefolium_, L., Common Yarrow.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Tree-mouse=. _Certhia familiaris_, the Common Creeper.--S.W.

+

+    'It may be seen creeping like a mouse up and down the hole

+    of a tree. Hence it is known in the south of the county as

+    the "Tree-mouse.'"--_Birds of Wilts._, p. 259. #/ =Trendle=.

+    (1) _n._ A circular trough or tray in which bakers mix their

+    dough.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ Hence, a circular earthwork.--N.W.

+

+    'Chisenbury Camp, or Trendle, as it is vulgarly

+    called.'--BRITTON'S _Top. Descr. Wilts_., p. 407.

+

+=Triangle=. 'To plant cabbages triangle,' to set them in _quincunx_

+order.--N.W.

+

+=Trig=. (1) _v._ To fasten, make firm (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 113).--N.W. (2) adj. 'Pretty trig,' in fairly good health.--S.W.

+(Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Trigger=. The rod let down to '_trig up_' the shafts of a cart.--N.W.

+

+*=Trim-tram=. A gate which swings in a V-shaped enclosure of post and

+rail, so as to prevent cattle from passing through.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Trins=. Calves' trins, i.e., calves' stomachs, are used in

+cheese-making.--N.W.

+

+=Trip=. To take off in jumping.--N.W.

+

+=Tripping=. The 'take-off' in jumping.--N.W.

+

+    'Sometimes they could not leap because the tripping was bad

+    ... sometimes the landing was bad ... or higher than the

+    tripping.--_Bevis_, ch. v.

+

+=Trounce=. To have the law of a man, to punish by legal process

+(A.B.S.); never used of physical punishment.--N.W.

+

+=Truckle=. (1) _v._ To roll.--N.W. (2) _n._ Anything that may be

+rolled.--N.W. (3) _n._ A small cheese (S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckle-cheese=. A small barrel-shaped cheese of about 6 or 8

+lbs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckles=. (1) 'Sheep's-truckles,' sheep dung; the usual term in

+N. Wilts. Cf. 'trottles' in Linc., and 'trestles' in Sussex.--N.W.

+(2) 'To play truckles,' to roll anything, such as a reel, the top

+of a canister, &c., from one player to another, backwards and

+forwards.--S.W.

+

+=Trumpery=. Weeds growing in cultivated ground.--N.W.

+

+    'If he'd a-let us have it rent free first year ('cause

+    that land wer all full o' trump'ry that high) we could ha'

+    done.'--Jonathan Merle, ch. xxxvii. p. 412.

+

+=Tuck=. (1) 'To tuck a rick,' to pull out the uneven hay all round

+the sides, until they look smooth and even.--N.W. (2) To smart

+with pain (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (3) To blow gustily. 'The wind is so

+tucking to-day,' i.e. gusty, veering, blowing from all quarters,

+uncertain.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tuffin=, =Tuffin-hay=, =Tuff-mowing=. Late hay made of the rough

+grass left by the cattle. ~Turvin~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Tufwort=. Probably the nest of _Vespa Britannica_, which in hot

+summers has occurred frequently in our hedges in some parts of the

+county.

+

+    'Between Crookwood and what is called "The Folly," they

+    observed a large cluster in one of the fir-trees ... which

+    turned out to be a wasps' nest. The nest, which was nearly

+    as large as a quartern measure, was fully matured, and is

+    described by an expert in taking wasps' nests as what is known

+    as "the tufwort" nest. It consisted of three splendid cakes of

+    comb, enclosed in a web.'--Local Papers, July, 1893.

+

+=Tugs=. Pieces of chain attached to the hames of the thiller, by

+which he draws.--N.W.

+

+=Tuley=. See ~Tewley~.

+

+=Tulip-tree=. _Acer pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore, the smell or

+taste of the young shoots being supposed by children to resemble that

+of the tulip.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Tump=. A hillock (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tumpy=. Hillocky, uneven (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Tun=. (1) _n._ Chimney, chimney-top (A.B.C.). 'Chimney-tun' (_Wild

+Life_, ch. viii).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To tun,' or 'to tun in,' to

+pour liquid through a 'tun-dish' into a cask.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+Devizes, Huish.)

+

+=Tun-dish=, or =Tun-bowl=. A kind of wooden funnel, like a small

+bucket, with hoops round it, and a tube at the bottom, used for

+pouring liquids into a cask.--N.W. (Devizes, Clyffe Pypard, Huish.)

+See _Measure for Measure_, iii. 2.

+

+=Turf=. Refuse oak-bark from the tanner's, made into cakes for firing

+(B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (Marlborough, &c.)

+

+*=Turn= or =Torn=. A spinning-wheel.--N.W. (obsolete). This word

+frequently occurs in the Mildenhall parish accounts, as:--

+

+    '1793. To Box and Spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 2_d_. To a Standard,

+    hoop 4 spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 3_d_. To a Hoop 3 spokes to a

+    Torn, 11 _d_. To 4 legs and standard a hope 5 spokes to Sal's

+    Torn, 2_s_. 7_d_. To Mending Bery's Torn, 1_s_. 6_d_. 1784.

+    Paid John Rawlins for a Turn, 3_s_.'

+

+    In 1809-10 the word _Turn_ gives place to _Spinning-wheel_.

+

+*=Turnpike=. A wire set by a poacher across a hare's run (_Amateur

+Poacher_, chs. ii. and vii).--N.W.

+

+=Turvin=. See ~Tuffin~.

+

+=Tutto=. See ~Totty~.--N.W.

+

+=Tutty=. See ~Totty~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Tut-work=. Piece-work (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Twinge=. (1) _n._ A long flat cake or loaf of bread.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) (2) _n._ A piece of dough, moulded for making into

+bread.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Twire=. To look wistfully at anything (A.B.C.). 'How he did twire

+an' twire at she, an' her wouldn't so much as gie 'un a look!' In

+_Cunnington MS._ the word is said to have been in common use at that

+time in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The wench ... twired and twinkled at him.'--FLETCHER, _Women

+    Pleased_, p. 41.

+

+    'Compare Prov. Germ, _zwiren_, to take a stolen glance at a

+    thing.--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Twi-ripe=. Ripening unevenly (D.).

+

+=Twit=. In cider-making, the same as ~Perkins~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=T'year=. This year (A.S.) See ~To-year~.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=U=. _U_ is often sounded _ow_, as _fowsty_, fusty, _dowst_, dust, or

+chaff.

+

+=Uck=. This very characteristic N. Wilts verb is used in many ways.

+Stable-litter is ucked about with a fork in cleaning out; weeds are

+ucked out of a gravel path with an old knife; a cow ucks another

+with the thrust of her horn; or a bit of cinder is ucked out of the

+eye with a bennet. See _Great Estate_, ch. iv, where it is said

+that anything stirred with a pointed instrument is 'ucked'; also

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii. 'It is apparently not a perversion of

+_hook_, and should be compared with _huck_, to push, lift, gore,

+Hants; huck, a hard blow, Suss., and huck, to spread about manure

+(see Parish, _Sussex Gloss._). It is perhaps a by-form of Prov.

+_hike_, to toss, throw, or strike' (Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Unbelieving=. Of children, disobedient. 'He be that unbelieving, I

+can't do nothin' wi' un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Under-creeping=. Underhanded.--S.W.

+

+=Unempty=, =Unempt=, =Unent=. _v._ To empty (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Unked= or =Hunked=. Lonely (A.), but always with an idea of

+uncanniness underlying it. ''Tes a unked rwoad to take late o'

+nights.' Also ~Unkid~, ~Unkerd~ (B.C.), ~Unkert~ (C.), and ~Unket~

+(B.).--N.W.

+

+    'The gamekeeper ... regards this place as "unkid"--i.e. weird,

+    uncanny.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv.

+

+    'Related to uncouth = (1) unknown, (2) strange, uncanny,

+    lonely.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+    'What be the matter with thuck dog you? How he do howl--it

+    sounds main unkid!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+Here _unkid_=ominous and uncanny.

+

+=Unthaw=. To thaw (S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Up-along=. A little way up the street or road (S.). See

+~Down-along~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Upping-stock=. A horse-block (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Upsides=. 'I'll be upzides wi' un!' I'll be even with him (S)., or a

+match for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=V=. Many words, as _Voreright_, usually pronounced with a V, will be

+found under ~F~.

+

+=Vag=. To reap in the modern style, with a broad 'rip-hook' and a

+crooked stick, chopping the straw off close to the ground, so as to

+leave little or no stubble (_Walks in the Wheatfields_). True reaping

+should be done with the hand instead of the crooked stick.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-hook=. The hook used in vagging.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-stick=. The crooked stick, usually hazel, with which the

+corn is drawn towards the reaper in vagging (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Valiant Sparrow=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 257).

+

+=Vallens=. See ~Falling~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vamp=. To walk about (S.). Much more used in Dorset. 'I zeed she

+a-vamping half round the town.'--S.W.

+

+*=Vamplets=. Rude gaiters to defend the legs from wet (A.H.). Cf.

+Bams. Also used in the New Forest. See _Cradock Nowell_, ch. xviii,

+'Not come with me ... and you with your vamplets on, and all!' where

+the word is applied to shooting gaiters.--N.W.

+

+=Veer=. (1) _n._ A furrow.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.) (2) _v._ 'To veer

+out the rudges,' to mark out with the plough the 'rudges' or 'lands'

+before ploughing the whole field.--N.W.

+

+=Veer weather=. Chopping, changeable weather.

+

+=Veldevare= or =Veldever=. See ~Velt~.

+

+*=Vell=. The salted stomach of a young calf, used for making

+rennet.--N.W. (Malmesbury).

+

+*=Velleys=. The drain where the eaves of a cottage meet.

+

+=Velt=. The fieldfare. _Turdus pilaris_ (_Wild Life_, ch. xvi),

+the usual name for the bird in N. Wilts, there being a few local

+variants, as ~Vulver~ at Huish and ~Veldever~ at Clyffe Pypard. Also

+~Veldevare~.--N.W.

+

+    'Tom was a regular gawney ... and went about wi' a handful o'

+    zalt to catch the veldevares.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+=Vert=. See ~Plim~.

+

+*=Vessel=. See quotation.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'To wash up the vessel (_sing._ not _pl._) is to wash up

+    plates, dishes, &c.'--Miss E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Vinney=. (1) _adj._ Mouldy (A.C.S.), as applied to bread or cheese.

+A.S. _fynig_. _Cunnington MS._ points out that it is only used of

+white or blue mould, never of black or rotten mould. It was said at

+Hill Deverill of a woman feigning to be bed-ridden, that 'she would

+lie there abed till she were vinney.' See ~Blue-vinnied~. (2) _adj._

+Nervous. 'Do 'ee stop telling about they ghostises, or 'tull make I

+vinny.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vlonkers=. See ~Flunk~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vrail=. The whip part of the old-fashioned flail.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Vrammards=, =Vrammerd=. (1) Order to a horse to go from you, as

+opposed to ~Toward~.--N.W. (2) Hence sometimes used as _adj._ by

+ploughmen and others in speaking of anything distant or leaning away

+from them (_Great Estate_, ch. viii), as a load of hay or corn with a

+list to the off.--N.W. (3) _n._ A _vrammerd_ is a blade set at right

+angles on a short handle, used for splitting laths or rails.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Vrow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+*=Vuddles=, =Vuddels=. A spoilt child (A.B.C.H.). In Hants to

+_vuddle_ a child is to spoil it by injudicious petting.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Vulver=. See ~Velt~.

+

+

+=W=. Often not sounded at the beginning of a word. Thus _want_, a

+mole, becomes '_oont_, and _within_ and _without_ are usually _athin_

+and _athout_.

+

+=Waddle up=. To wrap up with an excess of clumsily arranged clothing;

+usually applied to infants.--N.W.

+

+=Wag=. (1) 'To wag the Church bells,' to set them ringing. Also used

+of tolling the bell for a funeral.--N. & S.W. (2) To move (S.). 'I

+be that bad I can't scarce wag.'--N. & S.W. (3) In carrying, the boy

+who stands at the horses' heads, to move them forward as required, is

+said to 'wag hoss,' and the order given is 'wag on!'--N.W.

+

+=Waggon=. The various parts of a waggon in N. Wilts bear the

+following names:--the bottom is the ~Waggon-bed~. The transverse

+pieces which support this over the ~Exes~ (axles) are the ~Pillars~,

+~Peel~ (A.). The longitudinal pieces on each side on which the sides

+rest are the ~Waggon-blades~. The similar pieces under the centre

+of the bed are the ~Bed-summers~. The cross piece at the back into

+which the ~Tail-board~ hooks is the ~Shetlock~ or ~Shutleck~. The

+~Tail Pole~ joins the front and hind wheels together underneath. The

+~Hound~ is the fore-carriage over the front wheels. The ~Slide~ is

+the cross-bar on the tail of the 'Hound.' The ~Dripple~ is the strip

+running along the top of the side of the waggon from which over the

+hind wheels project the ~Waggon-hoops~, and over the front wheels the

+~Raves~. The shafts are the ~Dills~ or ~Thills~. The ~Parters~ are

+detached pieces of wood at the side, joining the 'Dripple' to the

+'Bed.' The ~Thorough-pin~ is the pin which fastens the 'Waggon-bed'

+to the 'Carriage.' Also see ~Arms~, ~Hoops~, ~Overlayer~, ~Sharps~,

+~Draughts~, ~Limbers~, ~Strouter~, ~Ridge-tie~, ~Blades~, and

+~Spances~.

+

+=Wagtails=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wag-wants=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (S.). Also ~Weg-wants~,

+~Wig-wants~, ~Wing-Wang~, and ~Wagtails~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wake=. (1) _n._ The raked-up line (broader than a hatch or wallow)

+of hay before it is made up into pooks (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To rake hay into wakes (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Wake-at-noon=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W.

+

+=Wallow=. (1) _n._ A thin line of hay (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+_Weale_ in Dorset. (2) _v._ To rake hay into lines.--N.W. =Want=.

+A mole (B.S.); also ~Woont~ (B.) and 'oont (Wilts Tales, p. 173;

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '1620. Itm. to William Gosse for killing of wants,

+    xijd.'--Records of Chippenham, p. 202.

+

+=Want-catcher=, 'oont-catcher. _n._ A professional mole catcher.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Want-heap=. A mole-hill.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Want-rear=. A mole-hill.--S.W.

+

+=Waps=, =Wopse=. A wasp (A.S.). A.S. _woeps_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Warnd=, =Warn=. To warrant (A.S.). 'You'll get un, I warnd.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Warning-stone=. See ~Gauge-brick~. Also see _Addenda_.

+

+=Wart-wort=. (1) _Chelidonium majus_, L., The Greater Celandine, the

+juice of which is used to burn away warts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Euphorbia

+Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N.W.

+

+=Wassail=. A drinking-song, sung by men who go about at Christmas

+wassailing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Wassailing=, =Waysailing=. Going about singing and asking for money

+at Christmas (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Wasset-man=. A scarecrow (A.B.G.H.Wr.); also ~Wusset~ (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Watch=. If a hay-rick is so badly made that it heats, the owner

+is often so ashamed of it that he attempts to set the matter

+right before his neighbours find it out. If a passer-by notices

+him poking about the hay as if searching for something in it, the

+ironical question is asked--'Have you lost your watch there?'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Cp. 'To drop your watch in the bottom of the

+rick.'--_Upton-on-Severn Words_, p. 34.

+

+=Watchet=, =Wetched=, =Wetchet=. Wet about the feet. ~Wotshed~ at

+Cherhill. ~Wetched~ (A.).--N.W.

+

+    'Either way, by lane or footpath, you are sure to get what the

+    country folk call "watchet," i.e. wet.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vi.

+

+    'You'd best come along o' me to the lower lands ... for it

+    be mighty wet there these marnins, and ye'll get watshed for

+    certin.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 142.

+

+*=Water Anemone=. _Ranunculus hederaceus_, L., Ivy-leafed

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Water-blobb=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., The Water-lily (A.B.). See

+~Blobbs~.

+

+*=Water-buttercup=. _Ranunculus Flammula_, L., Lesser

+Spear-wort.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Water-Cuckoo=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. See

+~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Water-lily=. (1) _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--N. & S.W.

+*(2) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+*=Wayside-bread=. _Plantago major_, L., Plantain (_English Plant

+Names_). Cp. M.E. _wey-brede_ in the 'Promptorium.'

+

+=Weather-glass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel. See

+~Shepherd's Weather-glass~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weeth=. (i) _adj._ Tough and pliable (A.B.C.S.).--N.W. (2) _adj._

+Of bread, moist and yet not too soft. 'I puts my lease bread on the

+pantony shelf, and it soon gets nice and weeth.' Often pronounced as

+_wee_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weffet=, =Wevet=. A spider.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Weg-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Weigh-jolt=. A see-saw (A.B.H.Wr.).--Formerly in common use at

+Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Welch-nut=. A walnut (_MS. Lansd._).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Well-at-ease=. In good health, hearty.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Well-drock=. The windlass over a well.--S.W.

+

+=West= (pronounced _Waast_). A stye in the eye. See ~Wish~.--S.W.

+

+=Wheat-reed=. Straw preserved unthreshed for thatching (D.). See

+~Elms~ and ~Reed~.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Wheeling=. 'It rains wheeling,' i.e. hard or pouring.--N.W.

+(Lockeridge.) =Whicker=, =Wicker=. (1) To neigh or whinny as a

+horse, bleat as a goat, whine as a dog, &c. (S.; _Village Miners_;

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 114).--N.W. (2) To giggle.--N.W.

+*(3) 'To find a wicker's nest,' to be seized with an irrepressible

+fit of giggling (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Whip land=. Land not divided by meres, but measured out, when

+ploughed, by the whip's length (D.).

+

+=Whippence=. The fore-carriage of a plough or harrow, &c. (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Whipwhiles=. Meanwhile (S.). A Somersetshire word.--S.W.

+

+=Whissgig=. (1) _v._ To lark about. Wissgigin, larking (S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _n._ A lark, a bit of fun or tomfoolery. 'Now, none o' your

+whissgigs here!'--N.W.

+

+=Whissgiggy=. _adj._ Frisky, larky.--N.W.

+

+*=White=. 'Cow white'=cow in milk. 'Calf white'=sucking calf.

+

+    'All the small tithes such as wool and lamb, cow white and

+    calf &c. throughout all parts of the parish unexpressed in the

+    several foregoing particulars. The usual rates at present being

+    fourpence a cow white--sixpence a calf ... the sheep, lambs and

+    calves are due at St. Mark's tide--the cow white, and fatting

+    cattle at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton Parish Terrier_, 1704. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+Usually defined as above, but perhaps more correctly written as

+_cow-wite_ and _calf-wite_, i.e. the mulct or payment for a cow or

+calf.

+

+    'Tythes of Wool and Lambs and Calves, and three half pence

+    which is due and payable at Lammas being Composition Money for

+    the Tythe White of every Cow.'--_Wilcot Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+As regards the ordinary derivation, compare _white-house_, a dairy,

+_white-meat_, milk, _whites_, milk.

+

+    'Wheatly (_On the Common Prayer_, ed. 1848, pp. 233-4) quotes

+    from a letter of one G. Langbain, 1650, as follows:--"certe

+    quod de Lacte vaccarum refert, illud percognitum habeo in

+    agro _Hamtoniensi_ (an et alibi nescio) decimas Lacticiniorum

+    venire vulgo sub hoc nomine, _The Whites of Kine_; apud

+    Leicestrenses etiam Lacticinia vulgariter dicuntur

+    _Whitemeat_."'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=White Couch=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=White-flower=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+*=White-house=. A dairy (H.Wr.).

+

+=White-livered=. Pale and unhealthy-looking (S.).--N. & S.W. At

+Clyffe Pypard the word has a yet stronger idea of disease about it,

+and a 'white-livered' woman is popularly supposed to be almost as

+dangerous as was the poison-nurtured Indian beauty who was sent as

+a present to Alexander the Great. How the 'whiteness' of the liver

+is to be detected is not very clear, but probably it is by the

+pallor of the face. At any rate, if you discover that a young woman

+is 'white-livered,' do not on any account marry her, because the

+whiteness of the liver is of a poisonous nature, and you assuredly

+will not live long with a white-livered young woman for your wife. It

+is most unhealthy, and if _she_ does not die, _you_ will! The word is

+so used of both sexes.

+

+=White Robin Hood=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=White-wood=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder-rose.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) ~White-weed~.--S.W. (Farley).

+

+*=Whitty-tree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L. (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 56, ed. Brit.)

+

+=Whiver=. (1) To quiver, hover, flutter. ~Wiver~ (S.).--S.W. (2) To

+waver, hesitate.--S.W.

+

+*=Who'say=, =Hoosay=. An idle report.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Wicker=. See ~Whicker~.

+

+=Wig-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Wild Asparagus=. _Ornithogalum pyrenaicum_, L., Spiked Star of

+Bethlehem.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wildern= (_i_ short). An apple-tree run wild in the hedges, as

+opposed to a true crab-tree.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Wild Willow=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb

+(_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Will-jill=. An impotent person or hermaphrodite.--N.W. Compare

+_Wilgil_ and _John-and-Joan_ in Hal.

+

+*=Willow-wind=. (1) _Convolvulus_, Bindweed (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii). (2) _Polygonum Fagopyrum_, L., Buckwheat (_Ibid._).

+

+=Wiltshire Weed, The=. The Common Elm. See notice in _Athenaeum_,

+1873, of Jefferies' _Goddard Memoir_, also _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. x.

+p. 160. This is a term frequently occurring in books and articles on

+Wilts, but it would not be understood by the ordinary Wiltshire folk.

+

+=Wim=. To winnow.--S.W.

+

+=Wind-mow=. A cock of a waggon-load or more, into which hay is

+sometimes put temporarily in catchy weather (D.), containing about 15

+cwt. in N. Wilts, and a ton elsewhere.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wing-wang=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Winter-proud=. Of wheat, too rank (D.), as is frequently the case

+after a mild winter. See ~Proud~.--N.W.

+

+=Wirral=, =Worral=, or =Wurral=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black

+Horehound.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wish=, =Wisp=. A sty in the eye.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Wissgigin=. See ~Whissgig~ (1).

+

+=Withwind=, or =Withwine=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed,

+and other species (A.B.D.S.). ~Wave-wine~ or ~Wither-wine~ (_Cycl. of

+Agric._); ~Withywind~ on Som. border.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wivel=, =Wyvel=. To blow as wind does round a corner or through a

+hole.--N.W.

+

+=Wivelly=, or =Wivel-minded=. Undecided, wavering, fickle, and

+untrustworthy (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Wiver=. See ~Whiver~.

+

+=Womble=. _v._ To wobble about from weakness, &c. (_Dark_, ch. iv,

+where it is used of children who come to school without having had

+any breakfast).--N. &. S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Wombly=. _adj._ Wobbly (_Dark_, ch. iv).

+

+=Wonderment=. (1) _n._ A sight or pastime of any kind.--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Any occupation that appears fanciful and unpractical to the

+rustic mind. Thus a boy who had a turn for inventions, drawing,

+verse-making, butterfly-collecting, or anything else of a similar

+nature which lies outside the ordinary routine of a labourer's daily

+life, would be described as always 'aater his 'oonderments.'--N.W.

+(3) _v._ To play the fool, waste time over unprofitable work.--N.W.

+

+*=Wood-sour=. _adj._ Of soil, loose, spongy. Also ~Woodsere~.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'The strong red land on the high level parts of the Downs ...

+    once wood-land, and sometimes expressly called "wood-sour"

+    land.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    'A poor wood-sere land very natural for the production of

+    oaks.'--AUBREY, _Miscell_. p. 211.

+

+    'It is a wood-sere country abounding much with sour and austere

+    plants.'--AUBREY, _Nat. Hist. of Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wood-wax=. *(1) _Genista tinctoria_, L., Dyer's Greenweed (D.),

+Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, pp. 34 and 49, ed. Brit.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_Genista Anglica_, L., Needle Whin.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Wooset=. See ~Houssett~.

+

+=Wooster-blister=. A smack in the face or box on the ear.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.) Cf. Som. ~Whister-twister~, and Dev. ~Whister-poop~.

+

+*=Works=. In a water-meadow, the system of trenches and carriages by

+which the water is brought in and distributed (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii).

+

+=Worsen=. _v._ To grow worse. 'You be worsened a deal since I seen

+'ee laast, I d' lot as you bean't a gwain' to live long.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wosbird=. A term of reproach (A.),=_whore's brood_. There are many

+variants, as ~Hosebird~, ~Husbird~, and ~Oozebird~. Much commoner in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They're a couple o' th' ugliest wosbirds in the vair.'--Wilts

+    Tales, p. 89.

+

+In his _Dictionary of Provincial English_, Wright defines this as

+'a wasp,' a mistake too amusing to be passed over! Probably his

+informant heard a rustic who had got into a wasp's nest, and been

+badly stung, 'danging they wosbirds,' and on asking what he meant by

+'wosbirds' was told that they were the 'wopses,' and not unnaturally

+concluded that the two words were synonyms.

+

+=Wout=. A carter's order to a horse to bear off. The opposite to Coom

+hether.

+

+=Wrap=. _n._ A thin strip of wood. See ~Rap~.

+

+=Wrastle=. To spread, as cancer, fire, roots, &c.--N.W.

+

+    'These fires are, or were, singularly destructive in

+    villages--the flames running from thatch to thatch, and, as

+    they express it, "wrastling" across the intervening spaces. A

+    pain is said to "wrastle," or shoot and burn.'--_Wild Life_,

+    ch. iv. p. 68.

+

+*=Wreaths=. The long rods used in hurdle-making (D.).

+

+=Wrick=, =Rick=. To twist or wrench. 'I've bin an' wricked me ankly.'

+M.E. _wrikken_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wridgsty=. See ~Ridge-tie~.

+

+=Wrist=. To twist, especially used of wringing the neck of a rabbit

+or fowl (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).--N.W.

+

+=Wug=, =Woog=. Order to a horse (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wusset=. See ~Wasset-man~.

+

+=Wusted=. Looking very ill, grown worse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Y=. Many words beginning with H, G, or a vowel, are usually sounded

+with Y prefixed, as _Yacker_, acre; _Yeppern_, apron; _Yat_, or

+_Yeat_, gate; _Yeldin_, a hilding; and _Yerriwig_, earwig.

+

+Verbs ending in _y_ often drop that letter. Thus empty and study

+become _empt_ and _stud_.

+

+The free infinitive in _y_ was formerly much used, but is now dying

+out. It was used in a general question, as 'Can you _mowy_?' Were a

+special piece of work referred to, _mowy_ would not be correct, the

+question then being simply 'Can you _mow_ thuck there me�d?'

+

+The following example of the 'free infinitive' is given in

+_Cunnington MS._:--

+

+    'There is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs

+    from Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for

+    professions--take an Example. Well Mary, how do you get on

+    in Life? what do you and your family do _now_ to get a Living

+    in these times--Wy Zur we do aal vind Zummut to do--Jan, ye

+    know, he do _Smithey_ [work as a smith] Jin the beggist wench

+    do spinney the Little one do Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ [go out

+    as a Chore Woman] and the two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One

+    works as a smith--one spins one makes Lace one goes out as a

+    Chore woman & two are Bird keepers which Latter term were more

+    to the purpose if expressed Bird frightener or driver.'

+

+=Yap=, =Yop=. (1) To yelp as a dog (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To talk

+noisily. 'What be a yopping there for?'--N.W.

+

+*=Yard-land=. Land sufficient for a plough of oxen and a yard to

+winter them; an ancient copyhold tenure (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Yard of land=. A quarter of an acre, because formerly, in common

+lands forty poles long, the quarter acre was a land-yard wide

+(D.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Yea-nay=. 'A yea-nay chap,' one who does not know his own

+mind.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Yeemath=. Aftermath (B.). ~Youmath~ (A.B.). ~Yeomath~ (A.H.Wr.).

+Probably = _young math_, cp. _young grass_ in W. Somerset. Cp.

+~Ea-math~, ~Ame�d~ at Cherhill, ~Ea-grass~ in S. Wilts.--N.W.

+

+=Yees=. An earthworm. See ~Eass~.

+

+=Yelding=, =Yeldin=. n. A hilding (A): a woman of bad character

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 3).--N.W.

+

+    'I've allus bin respectable wi' my women volk, and I wun't ha'e

+    no yeldin' belongin' to ma.'--_Dark_, ch. xix.

+

+=Yellucks=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Yelm=, =Yelms=. See ~Elms~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Yellow-cups=. Buttercups in general.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Yellow-Thatch=. _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow Vetchling.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Yoke=. See ~Fork~ (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).

+

+=Yop=. See ~Yap~.

+

+*=You=. This word is often thrown in at the end of a sentence,

+sometimes as a kind of query--'Don't you think so?'--but usually to

+give a strong emphasis to some assertion.--N.W.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'Fine growing marning, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+    'That be a better job than ourn, you.'--_Hodge and his

+    Masters_, ch. vii.

+

+=Yuckel=, =Yuckle=. A woodpecker (A.H.Wr.). So called from its cry,

+_Yuc_, _yuc_.--N.W.

+

+=Yaught=, =Yawt=. To swallow, to drink. 'There's our Bill--he can

+yaught down drenk like anything,' or 'He can yaught a deal.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+

+=Z=. Among the old people _S_ is still usually sounded as _Z_, as

+_Zaat_ or _Zate_, soft; _Zound_, to swoon; _Zorrens_, servings, &c.

+See _S_ for many such instances.

+

+*=Zaad-paul=. This term used to be commonly applied about Aldbourne

+to an utterly good-for-nothing fellow, but is gradually dying out

+now. It probably means 'soft head.' See ~Saat~.

+

+*=Zam=. To heat anything for some time over the fire, without letting

+it come to the boil.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Zammy=. (1) _n._ A simpleton, a soft-headed fellow (S.).--S.W. *(2)

+_adj._ 'Zammy tea,' half-cold, insipid tea.--N.W. (Hullavington.)

+

+=Zam-zodden=. Long-heated over a slow fire, and so half spoilt.

+This and the last two words belong to Som. rather than Wilts. A.S.

+_s[=a]m-soden_, half boiled.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+

+

+ADDENDA

+

+

+=Afterclaps=. Consequences, results. ~Atterclaps~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=. _Add_:--

+

+    'Zweethearts, an wives, an children young,

+    Like sheep at vair, be ael among.'

+                                     E. SLOW, _Smilin Jack_.

+

+=All as is=. All there is to be said, the final word in the matter.

+Used when giving a very peremptory order to a labourer to carry out

+your instructions without any further question. 'Aal as is as you've

+a-got to do be to volly on hoein' they turmuts till I tells 'ee to

+stop!'--N.W.

+

+=Along of=. (1) On account of. ''Twer aal along o' she's bwoy's bad

+ways as her tuk to drenk.'--N. & S.W. (2) In company with. 'Here, you

+just coom whoam along o' I, an I'll gie 'ee summut to arg about!'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Aloud=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Altrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. See

+~Eltrot~.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Apple-scoop=. A kind of scoop or spoon, made from the knuckle-bone

+of a leg of mutton, and used for eating apples, the flavour of which

+it is supposed to improve.--N.W.

+

+=At=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Away with=. _Add_:--N. & S.W.

+

+

+*=Babes-in-the-Cradle=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water

+Figwort.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. _Add_:--*(3) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Back-friends=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bag=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bannix=. To drive away poultry, or to hunt them about. 'Go an'

+bannix they vowls out.' 'Dwon't bannix about they poor thengs like

+that!'--S.W.

+

+=Barley-buck=. A boy's game, played by guessing at the number of

+fingers held up.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Bash=, =Bashet=. At Harnham, Salisbury, a small raised footpath is

+known as the Bashet, while at Road certain houses built on the upper

+side of a similar footpath, close to the boundary line dividing Wilts

+and Somerset, are spoken of as being 'on the Bash.'

+

+=Bay=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Bayle=. Some plant which we cannot identify.--Obsolete.

+

+    'In this ground [near Kington St. Michael, grows]

+    bayle.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+=Bee-hackle=. The straw covering of a hive. See ~Hackle~ (2)--S.W.

+

+*=Belly-vengeance=. _Add_:--Also used of very inferior cider.

+

+=Bennets=. (1) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. _Add_:--(4) _Veronica Buxbaumii_, Ten., Buxbaum's

+Speedwell.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Bivery=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bleat=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Blicker=. To shine intermittently, to glimmer. 'I zeen a light a

+blickerin' droo th' tallot dwoor.'--S.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. _Add_:--N. & S.W., obsolete.

+

+=Blooms=. Flushes in the face. 'Ther you knaws as I do allus get the

+hot blooms ter'ble bad.'--S.W.

+

+=Bolster-pudding=. A roly-poly pudding.--N.W.

+

+*=Bookin='. See ~Buck~.

+

+=Bossy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Boys=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brash=, =Braish=. Of weather, cold and bracing.--N.W.

+

+=Brashy=. Full of small stones and grit. 'Th' vier wer ter'ble

+braishy 'smarnin',' the coal was bad and stony.--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Break=. (1) _Add_:--Still used in this sense at Deverill, S.W. (2)

+Of a spring, to rise.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'When the springs doe breake in Morecombe-bottom, in the north

+    side of the parish of Broade Chalke, which is seldome, 'tis

+    observed that it foretells a deer yeare for corne.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 34, ed. Brit.

+

+=Breeding-bag=. The ovary of a sow.--N.W.

+

+=Brevet=. (1) _Add_:--'Brevettin' into other folks' business.'--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Brimmer=. A broad-brimmed hat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Broken-mouthed=. Children are said to be 'broken-mouthed,' when they

+are losing their teeth.--N.W.

+

+=Broom=. 'I bain't a-gwain to hang out the broom,' I intend to be

+very particular as to character, &c., before engaging any servants

+or labourers.--N.W. (Wedhampton.) In Berks, 'to hang th' brum out

+o' winder,' means that the wife is away, and so the husband is at

+liberty to entertain any bachelor friends of his who like to drop in.

+

+=Buck=. _Add_:--At Deverill 'Bookin'' is used instead, a 'good

+bookin' o' clothes' being a large wash.--S.W.

+

+=Buck-hearted=. Of cabbages, the same as ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Budget=. The leather pouch in which a mower carries his

+whetstone.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Bunt-lark=. The Common Bunting.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Buttercup=. _Add_:--N.W. (Huish); S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Butter-flower=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+    'The watered meadows all along from Marleborough to Hungerford,

+    Ramesbury, and Littlecot, at the later end of April, are yellow

+    with butter flowers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Buzzel-hearted=. A cabbage or broccoli plant that has lost its eye

+is said to be 'buzzel-hearted.' Compare ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+

+

+=Caddling=. _Under_ (3) _add_:--'A caddlin' place' is one where as

+soon as a servant begins one piece of work he or she is called off

+to another, and can never get a chance of finishing anything off

+satisfactorily.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call over=. To publish the banns.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Callus= or =Callis=. _v._ To become hard, as soil in frosty weather:

+to cake together (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cank=. _Add_:--*(2) _n._ Idle gossip.

+

+=Canker=. (1) _Add_:--Also ~Cankie~.

+

+=Cankers=. 'The baby hev a-got the cankers,' viz. white-mouth or

+thrush.--N.W.

+

+=Carpet=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Cart=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. _Add as example_:--'Hev 'ee zeed how thuck ther ground is aal

+chapped wi' th' dry weather? They chaps be so gashly big, the young

+pa'tridges 'ull purty nigh vall in.'

+

+=Chin-cough=. The whooping cough.--N.W.

+

+=Chip=. _Add_:--See Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 262.

+

+=Clacker=. _Add_:--(2) A couple of pieces of wood, rattled together

+to scare birds off the crops.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clam=. (1) To over-fill and choke up anything, as a water-pipe. The

+throat sometimes gets quite 'clammed up' with phlegm.--N.W. (2) To

+surfeit any one with food.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clamp about=. To stump about noisily.--N.W.

+

+=Clean-and-wholly=. Entirely. ''Tes aal gone clean-an'-wholly out o'

+she's yead!'--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Clinkerballs=. Balls of dried dung or dirt in a sheep's wool.--S.W.

+(Wilton, &c.)

+

+=Cloddy=. _Add as example_:--'He's a cloddy sart o' a chap.'

+

+=Clogweed=. _Add_:--(2) _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W.

+

+=Cludgy=. Clingy, sticky; used especially of bad bread.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Collets=. Young cabbage plants. A man will say in spring, 'I got a

+good lot o' collets, but they bean't cabbages.'--N.W.

+

+=Come away=. To spring up.--N.W.

+

+    'Owing to the long drought [barley] came away from the ground

+    at different periods, which will, without doubt, materially

+    injure the sample for malting purposes.'--_Devizes Gazette_,

+    June 22, 1893.

+

+=Comical=. _Add_:--Round Warminster everything but a tom-cat is _he_.

+

+=Conigre=. _Add_:--Other localities which may be noted are

+Blacklands, Winterbourne Bassett, and Mildenhall. See Smith's _Antiq.

+N. Wilts_.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Count=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Coward=. _Dele_ *, and _add_:--Clyffe Pypard.

+

+*=Cow-down=. _Add_:--On the Ordnance Map there are 'Cow-downs' marked

+at Deverill, Wylye, Steeple Langford, and Westbury.

+

+*=Creeping Jane=. _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L., Moneywort.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Creep-mouse=. To play 'creep-mouse,' to tickle babies and make them

+laugh.--N.W.

+

+=Criddlin Pudden=. A kind of pudding, made of the nubbly bits left

+over when pigs' fleck has been boiled and pounded and strained.

+_Crittens_ in Berks.--N.W.

+

+=Crutch=. (1) A large earthen jar, such as butter is potted in. Cf.

+Critch.--N. & S.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) A cheese-pan.--N.W.

+

+*=Cuckoo-pint=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's smock.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+

+=Daffy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Devourous=. Ravenous.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Dicky-birds=. After S.W. _add_:--(Deverill.)

+

+=Dillcup=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ranunculus acris_, L., Meadow

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton, Little Langford.)

+

+=Do=. To thrive (used reflexively). 'He does (_o_ pronounced as in

+the infinitive) hissel well, dwon't he?' said of an animal that does

+credit to its owner by the way in which it thrives.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Doer=. A pig that thrives well, even on poor food, is a 'good doer,'

+while a 'bad doer' refuses to fatten, give it what you will.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? _Add_:--Also used at Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Dog-in-a-blanket=. A roly-poly pudding--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Down-lanterns=. Heaps of chalk, marking the tracks from village to

+village over the downs, to prevent people going astray at night.--S.W.

+

+=Drashel=. _Dele_:--As two men generally work together.

+

+*=Draw-sheave=. (Pronounced _Draa-sheave_.) A wheelwright's

+draw-knife.--S.W.

+

+*=Druck=. n. 'A druck of people,' a great crowd.--S.W. (Wilton.)

+

+=Drug=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--~Drugshoe~ at

+Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. _Add_:--Ironically used at Deverill, as, 'Ther'll be

+a frost to-night.' 'Ah, a duck's-frost,' viz. none at all.--S.W.

+

+=Dumble=. _Add_:--~Dummil~ (C.).

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+*=Elm-stock= (_Yelm-stock_). A forked stick for carrying straw for

+thatching.--S.W.

+

+=Enemy=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone. So generally used in

+Wilts that it seems advisable to note it, in spite of its being a

+mere corruption.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ent=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+

+=Faggot=. _Add_:--Used as a general term of abuse.--S.W.

+

+=Falling=. _Add_:--This requires some slight modification. 'We'm

+a-gwain to ha' a vallen' seems to be restricted to snow; but when

+there is some doubt as to what sort of weather is coming, the phrase

+would be 'A vallen o' zum zart,' or 'zum vallen,' thus covering snow,

+rain, or hail.

+

+*=Feggy=. Fair.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Their persons [in North Wilts] are generally plump and

+    feggy.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Fiddler's-money=. Small change (threepenny and fourpenny bits).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Fiddle-sticks=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Add_:--_Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort

+Plantain.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Firk=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Flashy heats=. Hot flushes, that come and go when one is feverish

+and weak, as a woman after her confinement.--N.W.

+

+=Flask=. A limp straw-basket used to carry food and tools. Used in

+Glouc.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Flip=, =Flip-tongued=. Smooth-spoken, glib.--N.W.

+

+=Folly=. _Add_:--In Berks the word is frequently applied to a round

+clump of fir-trees on a hill.

+

+=For=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) *=Furze-tacker= (_Vuzz-tacker_).

+_Saxicola rubetra_, the Whinchat.--S.W.

+

+=Fussicky=. Fussy, fidgetty.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+

+=Gallows-gate=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Gawley=. _adj._ Patchy: used especially of root-crops that grow

+unequally.--S.W., in common use.

+

+=Gay=. _Add_:--(2) In good health. 'I do veel main gay agean

+'smarnin', but I wur gashly bad aal laas' wick wi' th' rheumatiz.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Get out=. To 'get out' a drawn or carriage in the water meadows

+is to clean it well out and make up the banks. To 'get out' a set

+of posts and rails is to cut them out and prepare them for putting

+up.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. _Add_:--Underground Onions.

+

+*=Gilliflower-grass=. _Carex glauca_, L., and _Carex panicea_,

+L.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'In Bradon Forest growes ... a blew grasse they call

+    July-flower grasse, which cutts the sheepes mouthes, except in

+    the spring.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Gipsy-nut=s. Hips and haws.--S.W. (near Trowbridge.)

+

+=Girls=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Good liver=. A person who lives an exceptionally good and pious

+life.--N.W.

+

+=Good-living=. Leading a very pious life. 'Her wur allus a

+good-living sart o' a 'ooman.'--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. _Add_:--~Grinted~ in Berks.

+

+=Gramfer= (or =Granfer=) =Grig=. A woodlouse. At Deverill, S.W.,

+children try to charm it into curling up, when held in the hand, by

+singing:--

+

+    'Granfer Grig killed a pig,

+      Hung un up in corner;

+    Granfer cried and Piggy died,

+      And all the fun was over.'

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. _Add_:--*(5) _Geum rivale_, L.,

+Water Avens.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Grigger cake=. Fine paste spread thin like a pancake, and baked on a

+gridiron over a mass of glowing wood-coals.--S.W.

+

+=Ground=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _Dele_ 'Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._?' and

+_add_:--Also used in Glouc. as a noun.

+

+=Guss=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+=Hack=. (1) _Add_:--To hoe; frequently used in S. Wilts.

+

+=Hackle=. (2) _Add_:--~Hackle~, and sometimes ~Shackle~, are used

+at Deverill, while elsewhere in S. Wilts ~Bee-hackle~ is the word

+employed.

+

+=Hames=. _Dele_ 'in drawing,' and add 'with staples to take the

+traces.'

+

+=Hand=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hand-staff=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hanging-post=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill), where ~Har~ is seldom used.

+

+=Hanglers=. _Add_:--In Deverill, a hook used for this purpose is

+known as 'a hangles.'--S.W.

+

+=Har=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill, occasionally.)

+

+=Harl=. _Add_:--~Hardle~ is also used in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Harvest-man=. A kind of Spider with long legs.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heal=. _Add_:--A house is said to be 'unhealed,' or uncovered, when

+the thatch has been stripped off by a storm.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hearken-back=. To recall.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heartless=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heaver=. _Add_:--'Van, heavier, caffin or caving rudder, the

+winnowing fan and tackle' (D.).

+

+=Hill-trot=. _Add_:--*(3) _Anthriscus sylvestris_, Hoffm., Wild

+Beaked-Parsley.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Hitch off=. To release horses from work.--S.W.

+

+*=Honey-pot=. A children's game, in which one child lifts

+another.--S.W.

+

+=Hop-about=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Hopped=. Cracked, as a boiler, by heat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Huck down=. To beat down in bargaining. 'I hucked un down vrom vive

+shillin' to vower an' zix.' Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, but not

+known there now.--N.W.

+

+=Huckmuck=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill). _Add_:--(4) _v._ To mess

+about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hun-barrow= (or =-barrer=). A tumulus.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunger-bane=. To starve to death. See ~Bane~.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Bradfield and Dracot Cerne is such vitriolate earth ...

+    [which] makes the land so soure, it bears sowre and austere

+    plants ... At summer it hunger-banes the sheep: and in winter

+    it rotts them.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 35, ed. Brit.

+

+

+*=Idle=. Full of fun.--S.W.

+

+=It=. Sometimes used in a peculiar way, as 'We'm best be gwain,

+hadn't it?' or, 'We can aal on us ha' a holiday to-day, can't

+it?'--S.W.

+

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill); also

+~Jack-and-his-team-goin'-to-pit~, the constellation's motion seeming

+to be from Deverill towards Radstock collieries, as if it were a

+farmer's team going by night to fetch coal thence.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Jag=. _Add_:--(2) 'Wull, to be shower, they chrysantums is

+beautiful! They be aal in a jag!' i.e. all out in large heads of

+flowers.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jerry-shop=. A 'Tommy-shop,' conducted on the truck system, now

+illegal. Much used about Swindon at the time the railway was being

+made there.--Obsolete.

+

+*=Jiffle=. _Add_:--Mr. F. M. Willis writes us that he once heard this

+word used in connexion with a horse, when a bad rider who was pulling

+its head about was told not to jiffle it.

+

+=Job=, or =Jobble about=. To do little jobs. 'I cain't do moor'n

+jobble about now.'--N.W.

+

+*=July-flower grass=. See *~Gillyflower-grass~.

+

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Lady-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. _Add_:--*(3) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Linnard=. A linnet, as 'a brown linnard,' 'a green linnard.'

+Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, where, however, it is obsolete,

+the pronunciation there now being distinctly _Linnut_. Conversely,

+_orchard_ becomes _archet_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Long-winded=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Add_:--The purple spadices are the 'Lords,' and

+the yellow or very light-coloured ones the 'Ladies.'

+

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Add_:--At Deverill, thirty years ago, there was a

+nursery rhyme as follows:--

+

+    'Hushaby, baby, the beggar shan't have 'ee,

+      No more shall the maggotty-pie;

+    The rooks nor the ravens shan't carr' thee to heaven,

+      So hushaby, baby, by-by.'

+

+=Mandrake=. _Bryonia dioica_, L., White Bryony. The root is popularly

+supposed to be Mandrake.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Heddington.)

+

+=Mask=. To collect acorns. A variant of _mast_.--N.W. (Potterne.)

+

+=Melt=. The spleen of a pig, which forms a favourite dish when

+stuffed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Milkmaid's-Way=. The Milky Way.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Mimp=. To make believe, to sham. 'Look at she a-settin' up ther,

+mimpin'!' idling, playing the fine lady.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Min=. An exclamation, used like '_snaw_, as 'I'll ketch thee,

+min!'=Note that well. See Barnes, _Glossary to Poems_.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Monkey Must=. _Melampyrum arvense_, L., Cow-wheat.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Mump=. To sulk. 'How ter'ble mumping she do look!'--N.W.

+

+=Nammet-bag=. A luncheon-bag.--S.W.

+

+=Neck-headland=. _Add_:--Common at Deverill.--S.W.

+

+=Noddy=. Weakly, ailing.--N.W.

+

+=Nog=. _Add_:--Also used of a lump of cheese, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Nuncheon=. _Add_:--About Salisbury Nuncheon is between 10 and 10.30

+a.m., and again at 4 p.m., and is a very small meal, merely a piece

+of bread and glass of beer, while Nammet is at 12, and is equivalent

+to dinner.

+

+

+=Off=. 'A can't be off puttin' up a covey o' pa'tridges, if so be as

+a goes whoam athert Four-Acre,' i.e. he cannot possibly help doing

+it.--N.W.

+

+=Out=. _n._ The outcome or result of an attempt to do a thing. 'A

+offered vor to do some draishin', but a made a ter'ble poor out

+on't,' i.e. he had little to show for his labour.--N.W.

+

+

+=Parson's nose=. A goose's tail, when served up at table.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Peter Grievous=. _Add_:--Children who look as if they thought

+themselves sadly 'put upon' by their elders are said to be

+'Peter-grievous.'

+

+=Pigs=. (2) _Add_:--In Berks woodlice are called _Church-pigs_.

+

+*=Pimple=, =Pumple=. The head. Used by children.--S.W. (Deverill).

+

+*=Pisty-poll=. A child riding with his legs on your shoulders is said

+to be carried 'a pisty-poll.'--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Ploughing terms=. The first furrows ploughed are those 'veered

+out' to mark the 'lands.' On each side of this 'veering out' furrow

+a fresh furrow is ploughed, turning the earth into it. This is

+'topping up,' or 'shutting the top up,' and becomes the centre and

+highest point of the 'land.' When the 'lands' have been all but

+ploughed, there remains between them a strip, two furrows wide,

+still unploughed. This is 'the Ent,' and is halved by the plough,

+one half being turned up one way, and the other half the other way.

+There remains then a furrow just twice the ordinary width. The plough

+is taken down this, and half of it is turned up again on one side,

+the result being a narrow furrow some inches deeper than any other,

+called the 'Zid-furrer' or Seed-furrow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Plumb=. 'A plumb man,' an upright man, one who always keeps his

+word.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Polly Dishwasher=. _Motacilla_, The Wagtail.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Pot-hangel=. The same as Hanglers, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Prick-timber=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N. & S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Prick-timber ... is common, especially in North Wilts. The

+    butchers doe make skewers of it,--because it doth not taint the

+    meate as other wood will doe: from whence it hath the name of

+    prick-timber.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 56, ed. Brit.

+

+=Purry=. Turnips sometimes get quite 'purry,' i.e. become spongy

+and bad and full of holes. Perhaps a contraction of _purrished_

+(perished).--N.W.

+

+

+*=Quag=. _n._ A shake, a state of trembling. 'He's all of a quag with

+fear.'--S.W.

+

+*=Quean=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quob=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quobble=. _n._ and _v._ After being a long while at the wash-tub

+a woman's hands are apt to get 'all in a quobble,' or 'ter'ble

+quobbled,' that is, shrivelled and drawn and wrinkled up. See

+~Sob~.--N.W.

+

+

+=Ramblers=. Potatoes left by chance in the ground, which come up

+again the next year.--N.W.

+

+*=Rammil-cheese=. Cheese made of raw unskimmed milk.--S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. _Add_:--(2) _v._ To rage, as 'My bad tooth just about ramped

+aal laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+=Ramping=. _Add_:--(2) Of pain, violent, raging. 'I wur in that

+rampin' pain, I didn't know whur to get to.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rook-worm=. A cockchafer grub.--Obsolete.

+

+    'I have heard knowing countreymen affirme that rooke-wormes,

+    which the crows and rookes doe devour at sowing time, doe turn

+    to chafers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 67, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Round market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Warminster is exceeding much frequented for a round

+    corn-market on Saturday.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 114,

+    ed. Brit.

+

+=Ruck=. (1) _n._ A crease in a stocking, &c.--N.W. (2) _v._ To crease

+or wrinkle up. 'My shirt wur aal rucked up under my arms, an' I

+cudden' kip un down nohow.'--N.W. (3) Hence, to rub and gall. 'Thuck

+ther new boot hev a-rucked she's heel ter'ble bad.'--N.W.

+

+*=Ruddock=. _Sylvia rubecula_, Robin Redbreast. In common use at

+Warminster, though unknown a few miles away.--S.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. _Add_:--Used of a tradesman's books, when badly

+kept and hard to balance.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.)

+

+

+=Sankers=, =Shankers=, or =Sinkers=. Stockings without feet.--N.W.

+See _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi. p. 128.

+

+=Sar=. _Add_:--*(3) To earn. See note on Akerman, in Ellis's _English

+Dialects_, p. 29.

+

+=Scrinchet=. A scrap of food, a shred of stuff, &c.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Scroop=. (1) _n._ A saving or miserly person.--N.W. (2) _v._ To save

+up, to screw and scrape.--N.W.

+

+=Seed-furrow=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+=Serve=. See ~Sar~.

+

+=Shacketty=. Ricketty, shaky.--N.W.

+

+*=Shackle=. The straw covering of a hive. A sibilated form of

+_Hackle_, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shail=. To walk crookedly or awkwardly, to shamble along.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L.,

+Spiked Star of Bethlehem.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shankers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Shatter=. To scatter, to sprinkle. 'Shatter th' pepper well auver'n,

+do 'ee!'--N.W.

+

+=Shattering=. A sprinkling. 'Put just a shatterin' on't.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shirpings=. The rough grass and weeds by the river banks, which

+cannot be mown with the scythe, and have to be cut afterwards with a

+sickle.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Short=. Tender. Roast mutton ought to 'eat short.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shreeving=. Picking up windfalls, &c., in an orchard.--S.W.

+

+=Shrimpy=. Shrivelled, poor.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shrovy=. Puny, as 'What a shrovy child!' Cp. _Shrievy_, applied in

+Hants to stuff with some of the threads pulled out.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shucky=. Rough, jolty: used of roads when the surface is frozen and

+rutty.--N.W.

+

+=Shuffle=. To hurry along. 'I wur shufflin' to get whoam avore dree.'

+Cf. ~Shuffet~.--N.W.

+

+=Sinkers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Slink=. Bad diseased meat.

+

+*=Sloot=. To defraud.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. (2) To wear out clothes by careless use of them.

+Compare ~Hock about~.--N.W.

+

+*=Slut's-farthings=. Small hard lumps in badly kneaded bread.

+

+=Snake-stones=. Fossil Ammonites.--N.W., occasionally still used.

+

+    'About two or three miles from the Devises are found in a pitt

+    snake-stones (_Cornua ammonis_) no bigger than a sixpence, of a

+    black colour.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 45, ed. Brit.

+

+    'In this parish [Wootton Bassett] are found delicate

+    snake-stones of a reddish gray.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 204.

+

+=Snug=. Well, in health, comfortable. 'I be main glad to hire as your

+missus be so snug [is doing so well] a'ter her confinement.'--N.W.

+

+=Sob=. To sodden with wet. Cf. ~Sobbled~.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-house=. A joint tenancy?

+

+    'Whereas we ... being inhabitants of the town of Marlborough

+    ... have ... for many years past, fed and depastured our mares

+    and geldings, two to each inhabitant not being certificate

+    men nor split houses, in the said earl's Forest of Savernak,

+    &c.'--1790, Agistment Deed as to Savernake Forest, quoted in

+    Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 421.

+

+=Spray=. To splay a sow, when set aside for fattening.--N.W.

+

+*=Squailings=, =Squailens=. Ungathered apples.--S.W.

+

+=Staid=. _Add_:--Sometimes applied to an old horse or other animal.

+

+*=Stars-and-garters=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W. (Heddington.)

+

+=Starvation cold=. Extremely cold. See ~Starve~.--S.W.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _Add_:--Used at Salisbury by a gas-fitter of the small

+projection turned by the gas-key.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. _Add_:--~Steep~.--S.W., still in use about

+Salisbury.

+

+*=Strikes=. Segments of iron for wheel-binding.--S.W.

+

+=Stubs=. (4) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Studdly=. _Add_:--also ~Stoodly~.

+

+*=Sucker= (_Zucker_). A spout from the roof.--S.W.

+

+=Summer-folds=. Freckles which come in summer time.--N.W.

+

+

+=Tear=. _Add_:--Mr. Powell writes us that at Deverill this is still

+used of breaking crockery, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (3) _Add_:--Acrimonious. _Tort_ in Aubrey.

+

+    'The North Wilts horses, and other stranger horses, when they

+    come to drinke of the water of Chalke-river, they will sniff

+    and snort, it is so cold and tort.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, pp. 23-24, ed. Brit.

+

+    'This riverwater [Chalke stream] is so acrimonious, that

+    strange horses when they are watered here will snuff and snort,

+    and cannot well drinke of it till they have been for some time

+    used to it.'--_Ibid._ p. 28.

+

+=Terrify=. *(3) _Add_:--This is a Gloucestershire use of the word.

+

+*=Thee and Thou=. (1) 'He thee'd and thou'd us,' said of a clergyman

+who was very familiar with his flock.--S.W. (2) _v._ To abuse

+violently, to insult a person by addressing him in the second person

+singular. A man complained of the way in which his neighbours had

+been abusing him, the climax of it all being reached when they began

+to 'thee and thou' him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thetches=. _Add_:--~Thatch~. _Vicia sativa_, L.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+All vetches are known as 'Thetches' or 'Thatches' in Wilts, being

+'Blue,' 'Yellow,' or 'Red' Thetches according to the colour of the

+flower.

+

+=Thread-the-needle=. A very complicated form of this

+children's game is played at Deverill, under the name of

+Dred-th'-wold-'ooman's-needle.--S.W.

+

+*=Thunder-stones=. Nodules of iron pyrites. *~Hunder-stones~, q.v.,

+may be merely a misreading of the MS.

+

+    'Thunder-stones, as the vulgar call them, are a pyrites; their

+    fibres do all tend to the centre. They are found at Broad

+    Chalke frequently.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 40, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Tine=. _Add_:--(6) To collect and burn couch and weeds in the

+fields.--N.W.

+

+    'What 'ould thy husband do ... if thee was too vine to turn

+    hay, or go tinin' or leazin'?'--_Dark_, ch. XV.

+

+*=Tippertant=. A young upstart.--S.W.

+

+*=Trip=. A brood or flock, as 'A vine trip o' vowels (fowls).' In

+a MS. in the Bodleian a herd of tame swine is defined as a _trip_,

+while one of wild swine is a _sounder_.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Tucky=. Sticky.--S.W.

+

+*=Turning-the-barrel=. A game in which two children stand back to

+back, locking their arms behind them, and lifting each other by turns

+from the ground.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Under-creep=. _v._ To get the upper hand of by deceit, to overreach

+any one.--S.W. (Britford and Harnham.)

+

+*=Underground Shepherd=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Unhealed=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Vitty=. Close, closely. Cp. _fitly_, Eph. iv. 16.--N.W.

+

+

+*=Warning-stone=. _Add_:--

+

+    'The bakers take a certain pebble, which they put in the

+    vaulture of their oven, which they call the warning-stone: for

+    when that is white the oven is hot.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, p. 43, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Water-sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler. Cp.

+~Brook-sparrow~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Whinnock=. To whimper.--N.W.

+

+=Whinnocky=. A whinnocky child is one that is always ailing and

+whimpering.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=White-livered=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Winter-stuff=. Winter-greens.--N.W.

+

+*=Witch-hazel=. _Ulmus montana_, Sm.

+

+    'In Yorkshire is plenty of trees, which they call elmes; but

+    they are wich-hazells, as we call them in Wilts.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 54, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wrastle=. _Add_:--Measles, for instance, 'wrastles' all over the

+face very quickly.

+

+

+*=Zwail=. To shake about: to swing the arms.--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+

+

+

+SPECIMENS OF DIALECT

+

+We have thought it advisable to supplement the brief examples

+of folk-talk which will be found in the body of this work by a

+few somewhat longer specimens, which may be taken as accurately

+representing the speech current at the present time among the

+villages in North Wilts. Mr. Slow has kindly added a similar specimen

+for South Wilts. The extracts from Akerman exemplify the North Wilts

+speech of some fifty or sixty years ago.

+

+

+EXTRACTS FROM THE GENUINE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE[1].

+

+By J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+(From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 165-179.)

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+I.

+

+There be two zarts o' piple in this here world ov ourn: they as works

+ael day lang and ael the year round, and they as dwon't work at ael.

+The difference is jist a graat a-year, and they as dwon't work at ael

+gets the graat--that's zartin!

+

+II.

+

+It's oondervul to me how thengs _do_ move about whenever a body's got

+a drap o' zummut in's yead. Last harrest, a'ter zupper, at th' house

+yander, I walked whoam by myzelf, and zeed the moon and the zeven

+stars dancin' away like vengeance. Then they girt elmen trees in the

+close was a dancin' away like Bill Iles and his mates at a morris.

+'My zarvice to 'e,' zays I; 'I haups you won't tread on my twoes;'

+zo I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough th'

+geat. Well, when I got whoam, I managed to vind the kay-hole o' th'

+doower--but 'twas a lang time afore I could get un to bide still

+enough,--and got up stayers. Massy upon us! the leetle table (I zeed

+un very plain by the light o' th' moon) was runnin' round th' room

+like mad, and there was th' two owld chayers runnin' a'ter he, and by

+and by, round comes the bed a'ter they two. 'Ha! ha!' zays I, 'that's

+very vine; but how be I to lay down while you cuts zich capers?'

+Well, the bed comed round dree times, and the vowerth time I drowd

+myzelf flump atop ov un; but in th' marnin' I vound myzelf laying on

+the vloor, wi' ael me duds on! I never _could_ make out this.

+

+III.

+

+I've allus bin as vlush o' money as a twoad is o' veathers; but,

+if ever I gets rich, I'll put it ael in Ziszeter bank, and not do

+as owld Smith, the miller, did, comin' whoam vrom market one nite.

+Martal avraid o' thieves a was, zo a puts his pound-bills and ael th'

+money a'd a got about un, in a hole in the wall, and the next marnin'

+a' couldn't remember whereabouts 'twas, and had to pull purty nigh a

+mile o' wall down before a' could vind it. Stoopid owld wosbird!

+

+IV.

+

+Owld Jan Wilkins used to zay he allus cut's stakes when a went a

+hedgin', too lang; bekaze a' cou'd easily cut 'em sharter if a

+wanted, but a' cou'dn't make um langer if 'em was cut too shart. Zo

+zays I; zo I allus axes vor more than I wants. Iv I gets that, well

+and good; but if I axes vor little, and gets less, it's martal akkerd

+to ax a zecond time, d'ye kneow!

+

+V.

+

+Maester Tharne used to zay as how more vlies was cot wi' zugar or

+honey than wi' vinegar, and that even a body's enemies med be

+gammoned wi' vine words. Jim Pinniger zeemed to thenk zo too, when

+a run agin the jackass one dark night. Jem tuk th' beawst vor th'

+devil, and cot un by th' ear. '_Zaat's yer harn, zur_' (Soft's your

+horn, sir), zays Jem.

+

+VI.

+

+Old Iles was drunk vor dree days together last Lammas, and a laid

+down by the doower, and wanted zomebody to hauld un. When they axed

+if a'd ha' a leetle drap mwore, a'd zeng out, 'Noa, noa, I won't

+ha' a drap.'--'Do'e,' zaid they,--'do'e ha' a drap mwore.'--'Noa, I

+won't, not a drap,' a grunted. At last another tried un, and then th'

+owld bwoy cried out, 'Noa, I can't get a drap mwore down m';--drow't

+auver m'veace!'

+

+VII.

+

+Measter Goddin used to zay as how childern costed a sight o' money to

+breng um up, but 'twas all very well whilst um was leetle, and zucked

+th' mother, but when um begun to zuck the vather, 'twas nation akkerd.

+

+VIII.

+

+Measter Cuss, and his zun Etherd, went to Lonnun a leetle time zence;

+and when um got to their journey's ind, Measter Cuss missed a girt

+passel a carr'd wi' un to th' cwoach. 'Lor', vather!' zays Etherd, 'I

+zeed un drap out at 'Vize!' (Devizes.)

+

+IX.

+

+When I was a young man I had a dog, a precious 'cute un a was

+too! A'd catch a hare like a grayhound. I've cot a scare o'

+rabbuts wi' him in one night. By and by zomebody zays to the

+kippur, thuck William's got a dog as plays th' devil wi' ael th'

+game. Zo th' kippur comes up to m' one day, and zays, zays he,

+'Maester Little, thuck dog o' yourn's a bad un; a gwos huntin', I'm

+towld.' 'Lar bless'e!' zays I, 'a wou'dn't harm a mouse, that a

+wou'dn't.'--'Dwon't b'lieve it!' zays he. 'Come along wi' I by thuck

+copse yonder.'--Zo as us walked alang, up jumps a hare and away a

+scampers. 'Hollo! hollo!' zays I to the dog, but a slunk behind

+m' _di_rectly wi's tail between's legs. 'Ha!' zays th' kippur, 'I

+b'lieves 'e now, Little. Them as zays your dog hunts be liars, that's

+zartin. I'll be cussed if I dwon't thenk a's vrightened o' th' game,

+that I do!' and zo a walked away, and wished m' good marnin'.--'Zo,

+ho!' thought I; 'you be 'nation 'cute, you be, Maester Kippur. If

+instead o' "_hollo_!" I'd a cried "_coom hedder_!" a'd a run a'ter

+thuck hare like mad!'

+

+[_Note._--The point of this story is that the poacher's dog had been

+trained to understand the usual orders in _exactly the opposite

+sense_, as the Devonshire smugglers' horses were in old days.

+Thus, the more a smuggler called on his horse to stop, when he was

+challenged by an Excise officer, the faster it would gallop off, the

+owner all the while apparently endeavouring to check it but really

+urging it on. See Mrs. Bray's _Description of Devon_.]

+

+X.

+

+'How far d'e cal't to Zirencester, my friend?' zays a Cockney

+genelman one day to owld Pople, as a wor breakin' stwones on th'

+road. 'Dwont kneow zich a please,' zays he, scrattin's yead, 'never

+yeard on't avore!'--'What!' zays the genelman, 'never heard o'

+Zirencester?'--'Noa,' zays he, 'I aint.'--'Why, it's the next town.'

+'Haw! haw!' zays Pople; 'you means _Ziszeter_; why didn't'e zay so?

+it's about vower mile off.'--He was a rum owld customer, thuck owld

+Pople. One day zomebody axed un how var't was to Ziszeter. 'Ho! dree

+miles this weather.' (It was nation dirty and slippy.) 'Why so?' zaid

+the man to'n; 'Ho, it's about two miles in vine weather; but when

+it's hocksey, like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[1] William Little was a shepherd in North Wilts, and was an old man

+when Akerman was a boy.

+

+

+THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    A Harnet zet in a hollow tree,--

+    A proper spiteful twoad was he,--

+    And a merrily zung while a did zet

+    His stinge as zharp as a baganet,

+    'Oh, who's zo bowld and vierce as I?--

+    I vears not bee, nor wapse, nor vly!'

+        _Chorus_--Oh, who's zo bowld, etc.

+

+    A Bittle up thuck tree did clim',

+    And scarnvully did luk at him.

+    Zays he, 'Zur Harnet, who giv' thee

+    A right to zet in thuck there tree?

+    Although you zengs so nation vine,

+    I tell'e it's a house o' mine.'

+        _Chorus_--Although you zengs, etc.

+

+    The Harnet's conscience velt a twinge,

+    But growin' bould wi' his long stinge,

+    Zays he, 'Possession's the best law,

+    Zo here th' shasn't put a claw.

+    Be off, and leave the tree to me:

+    The Mixen's good enough vor thee!'

+        _Chorus_--Be off, and leave, etc.

+

+    Just then a Yuccle passin' by

+    Was axed by them their cause to try.

+    'Ha! ha! it's very plain,' zays he,

+    'They'll make a vamous nunch for me!'

+    His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.

+        _Chorus_--His bill was zharp, etc.

+

+    MORAL.

+

+    All you as be to law inclined,

+    This leetle story bear in mind;

+    For if to law you ever gwo,

+    You'll vind they'll allus zarve'e zo;

+    You'll meet the vate o' these 'ere two:

+    They'll take your cwoat and carcass too!

+        _Chorus_--You'll meet the vate, etc.

+

+                          From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 96-97.

+

+[A phonetic version of this song, representing the Chippenham

+dialect, will be found at pp. 28, 29 of Ellis's _English

+Dialects--their Sounds and Homes_, where it is pointed out that

+_stinge_ (with _g_ soft) appears to have been invented by Akerman for

+the sake of the rhyme here.]

+

+

+_From_ THE VARGESES.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+'Now, do'e plaze to walk in a bit, zur, and rest'e, and dwont'e mind

+my measter up agin th' chimley carner. Poor zowl an hin, he've a bin

+despert ill ever zence t'other night, when a wur tuk ter'ble bad

+wi' th' rheumatiz in's legs and stummick. He've a bin and tuk dree

+bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll be whipped if a do simbly a bit

+th' better var't. Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+caddle, ael alang o' they childern. They've a bin a leasin, and when

+um coomed whoame, they ael tuk and drowed the carn ael among th' vire

+stuff, and zo here we be, ael in a muggle like. And you be lookin'

+middlinish, zur, and ael as if'e was shrammed. I'll take and bleow up

+th' vire a mossel; but what be them bellises at? here they be slat

+a-two! and here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've

+a-got narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts thisum!'--_Wiltshire Tales_,

+pp. 137-8.

+

+

+THOMAS'S WIVES.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Lawk aw! if 'tean't Thomas! and how be you? I han't seen 'ee fur a

+lenth o' time.--An' they tells I as you've a got a new missis agean!

+That's the vowerth, yun it?'

+

+'Ees, I 'spose te-uz. Thur, didden sim right 'snaw wi'out a 'ooman

+down thur, 'tes sich a girt gabborn place thuck wold house. Do zim

+zart o' unkid to bide thur by yerself. 'Tes so lonesome, perticler

+night-times. Thur yun't narra naighber aniest 'ee, an' if a body wur

+ill ur anythin' o' that, 'tud be just about a job 'snaw.'

+

+'An' do the new missis shoot 'ee main well?'

+

+'Aw thur, I ban't got nothen to zaay agen th' 'ooman. Th' 'ooman's

+wull enough as fur as I knaaws on. Her's a decent staid body 'snaw.

+'Tean't likely as I wur a gwain to hae no hans wi' none o' they

+giglettin' wenchen--they got so many 'oonderments to 'em when they be

+so young.'

+

+'An' 'cordin' as I da hire tell on't her've a got a bit o' money

+saved, haven' her?'

+

+'O' course her got summat 'snaw, but Lor' bless 'ee! tean't nothen

+near as much as vawk says for.'

+

+'Wull, 'tean't no odds to I, but they was a zaayin' up at public as

+aal your wives had zummut when they come to you; an' they did zaay as

+you must ha' made a main good thing out on't wi' one an' tother on

+em!'

+

+'What good is it to hearken to they? I tell 'ee what 'tes--What wi'

+bringin' on 'em in an' carr'n on 'em out, 'tean't but _vurry_ leetle

+profit to't!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES.

+

+[North Wilts: Devizes.]

+

+_Counsel._ What do you know about this case?

+

+_Witness._ What do 'ee zaay? I be zo hard o' hirin', I caan't hire

+nothen, wi'out I comes handier to 'ee.

+

+_Counsel._ What did you see the prisoner do?

+

+_Witness._ Aw! I tell'd 'ee avore as I zeed it aal. I wurden no

+furder awaay vrom un then I be vrom thuck owld gent thur [the Judge].

+Bill Stevens he come out an' a zaays, zaays he, 'I'll bre�k thee

+mazzard vor the'!' an' a offer'd to hit un wi' a graft as he wur a

+carr'n. An' Jim he up wi' he's showl an' hut un auver th' yead wi't.

+An' if _he_ hadden a hut he, he'd a hut _he_, an' if he'd a hut _he_

+as _he_ hut he, he'd a killed _he_, 'sted o' _he_ killin' he! That's

+aal as I knaws on't!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY.

+

+[North Wilts: Hilmarton.]

+

+Etherd he bin sart o' rough fur this long time, wuver he never bin

+not to say well since he wur bad wi' the influenzy las' year. A

+ketched a cowld the day as thuck rain wur. A wur up at hill wi' the

+ship out in the bleat, an' a cudden get into the succour nowur, and

+vor aal as he wur droo wet he wur foc'd to bide in't aal day. An'

+when a cum whoam at night a says to I, 'Mary,' a says, 'I feels

+_ter'ble_ middlin'. I got a mind to ha' a bit o' zupper an gwo to

+bed.' Wull, I got un out the berd an' cheese out o' the panterny,

+but do you thenk as he cud yeat or a mossel on't? not if anybody

+had a gied he the _wurld_, a cudden't, a said. An' a simmed zart

+o' shrammed wi' the cowld, an' a did kip on a coughin a'ter he got

+into bed, and simmin to I a never stopped till the clock hut dree,

+and then that rampin pain cum on at such a rate in hes zide, as he

+didden knaw wur to get to, nur what to do. An' that follered on aal

+day, and I cudden get un to take next akin to nothin', and allus a

+wantin summut to drenk. That wur aal he's cry. Thur I made _shower_

+as he'd a died avore the doctor come. Bill he went in to fetch un,

+but a never come till Vriday aaternoon, and a said as he'd a got the

+pewresy and he'd send un along a bottle o' medecine, but Etherd he

+wudden take it 'snaw, fur a said twern't nuthen in _this wurl_' but a

+drop o' water wi' some peppermint in't or summat o' that. An' Sally

+Moore her come in wi' some hoss-fat as come out o' thuck owld hoss

+o' Mas' John's as vull in the pit, an' her 'suaded I to rub some o'

+that into un, an' that sim to do he more good bless 'ee thun aal the

+doctor's medecine. Wuver the doctor he come agean isterday marnin',

+and a axed un how a wur. An' a spawk up bless 'ee and telled un

+straight as twern't nor a mozzel o' good fur he to zend no more o'

+thuck stuff as he zent avore, fur a zaid as twern't wuth a louse's

+liver! The doctor he didden like ut vurry well, but a telled I as

+he'd channge it, an' zo a did. A let the bwoy ride back along wi' un,

+an' a brought back this yer bottle wi' summat wrote on't. But thur

+I bean't no scholard, and the bwoy he cudden rade it, but a zaid as

+the doctor tell'd he as a wurden to take but one spoonvull on't once

+in vower hours. Zo I gied un a dawse, but he 'suaded I to gie un two

+spoonvulls, and I'll warn as a hadden a took ut _vive_ minutes avore

+twer _aal awver'n--back, bully, an' zides_! Now that's what I caals

+zome o' the right zart that, and I got faith as that'll do he good!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+GWOIN' RAYTHER TOO FUR WI' A VEYTHER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+My veyther now, he never 'oudden yeat none o' this here Hostilian

+me�t nor nuthen o' that. I axed un one day why a 'oudden, and a zes,

+'Do meak I shrill, the vurry _sight_ on't do--they tells I as't do

+come vrom wur the War is, an' 'tes made o' souldiers a pretty deal

+on't. Wuver nobody shan't 'suade I to hae none on't.' And he 'oudden,

+bless 'ee! not if you was to gie un _ever_ so!

+

+Wull, my brother Jim, he kneowed this o' course, an' he do most in

+general ax veyther an' mother an' aal on us to come to zupper wi'

+he about Christmas time--he wur allus vurry good for anything o'

+that--an' laas' year aal on us had a zot down to zupper, an' ther wur

+a girt pie at Jim's end, an' Sarah her had a piece o' biled bif--ur

+wur 'twer mutton I caan't rightly mind--wuver dwon't meak no odds as

+I kneows on which twer--an' Jim he zes to veyther, 'Veyther, which

+be a gwain to hae, some o' this here pie ur some o' thick biled bif

+as Sally got down tother end?' An' veyther zes, 'What's the pie made

+on then?' An' Jim he zes, ''Tes mutton, yunnit, Sally?' 'Aw,' zes

+veyther, 'I wur allus _ter'ble_ vond o' mutton pie, an' our Mary her

+never 'oon't gie I none on't at whoam.'

+

+Zo veyther he had a plate vull on't, an' a begun a gettin' this yer

+pie into un at a _terrible_ rate, an' when a done, Jim zes, 'What

+be gwain at now, veyther? Wull 'ee channge yer mind an' hae some o'

+tother?' 'No,' zes veyther, 'I'll hae some more o' thuck pie. I caals

+it oncommon good. I dwont knaw when I've a teasted anythen as I likes

+better'n thuck pie.' An' a did jist about enjoy hesself, bless 'ee,

+awver's zupper.

+

+An' when a done, Jim zes, 'Veyther,' a zes, 'Do 'ee kneow what thuck

+pie wur made on?' 'Noa,' zes veyther, 'I dwont, any more'n you zed as

+'twer me�d o' mutton, didden 'ee? Let it be whatever 'twill, 'twer

+uncommon good.'

+

+An' Jim he looks at un zart o' comical, an' a zes, 'Veyther, 'twer

+me�d o' some o' thuck Hostilian meat as you zed as nobody shudden

+'suade 'ee to yeat none on!'

+

+An' zimmin to I veyther's feace turned zart o' aal colours, and a

+zes, 'Lawk a massey! dwon 'ee tell I that, ur I shall drow't aal up

+agean!' An' none on us dursen zaay no more to un, a look'd so guly,

+we was aveard as he 'ood.

+

+But aater 'bout a haaf an hour Jim he zes, 'Veyther, an' how d'ee

+feel now?' An' veyther zes, 'Aw, 'tes better now,' but a zes, 'I

+thenk,' a zes, 'as this here is a gwoin' rayther too fur wi' a

+veyther!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Tes allus a caddlin' zart of a job takin' they fat beasties to

+Swinnun Market, but dall'd if ever I had such a doin' wi'em afore as

+'twer isterday. 'Twer thuck thur white-veaced un as Measter bought

+off a ole Collins laas' yer as done it. I'd a nauticed as he wur a

+pankin' tur'ble as we was a gwain up the hill, an' as zoon as iver he

+got vorright the Red Lion he 'oudden go no furder,--an' thur a wur

+led down in the middle o' the strit. Thur yun't nothen as I likes

+wusser'n that, bless 'ee! Thur be such a sight o' 'oondermentin'

+chaps a gaapsin' about thur allus, a body caan't bide quiet nohow fur

+their maggots. And then if 'ee ses arra word to 'em they puts 'ee

+in the _Noos_, an' that's wussern' aal on't! Thuck girt gaapus Bill

+Wilkins come up, an' a begun a laafin' at I, an' a axed wur I'd a

+slep on the rwoad laas' night.--Dall'd if I hadden a mine to ha' gien

+he what-for thur-right, if't hadden a bin fur the narration as they'd

+a made on't. A wur allus a terrible voolhardy zart of a chap, an' I

+niver coudden away wi' a lot o' that 'oondermentin'. Simmin to I I'd

+zooner walk ten mile roun' than hae to stan up in 'Ootton strit like

+a vool wi' they chaps a terrifyin' on 'ee.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS.

+

+[South Wilts: Wilton.]

+

+Wen Zal Slatter coorteed Jim Bleak he wur under carter, an' she wur

+maid a ael wuk up at Hill Varm. Zoo thay 'greed ta putt up tha banns

+unbeknown to their measter an' missus. Wen Varmer comed out a chirch

+thic Zundy a gooes straight inta kitchen wur Zal wur cookin' a girt

+laig a mutten var dinner, an a zaays, 'Zal,' a zaays, 'Wur that thee

+an' Jim I yeard caal'd whoam bit now?' 'I 'specs 'twur, measter,'

+zaays Zal. 'Why, wat in tha wordle diss thee want ta get married var?

+Hassen a got a good whoam, a good bade ta sleep on? an' a good laig a

+mutten ta zet down to wen bist 'ungry?' 'O eece, measter,' zaays Zal,

+'I knaas ael that, bit did 'ee ever know a wench as hooden gie up a

+laig o' mutten var a whole man?'

+

+                                                    E. SLOW.

+

+

+THE CANNINGS VAWK.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+I niver wur at Cannin's but once as I knaws on, an' that wur when

+Mr. Jones wur alive. I went awver wi' he to Cannin's Veast. I mind

+thur wur a lot on 'em thur from Ca'an [Calne] as wur a tellin' up

+zuch tales as was never about the Cannin's vawk. The' tell'd I as

+zome on 'em got up the Church tower, and dunged that thur--what is

+it?--a-top o' the tower, to make un grow as big as the spire. I never

+he-ard tell o' zuch a thing! Should 'ee iver thenk as 'twer true?

+An' the' tell'd I as 'twern't but a vurry veow years ago as zome on

+'em hired as ther wur a comut ur what 'ee caals ut, to be zeed in

+'Vize market-place, an' pretty nigh aal Cannin's went in thur to zee

+un, an' niver thought o' lookin' to zee wur they cudden zee un at

+whoam. What some girt stups they must a bin! An' thur wur a cooper ur

+zummat o' that, as cudden putt th' yead into a barr'l; an' a tell'd

+he's bwoy to get inside and howld un up till he'd a vastened un.

+An' when a done the bwoy hollered out droo the bung hawl, 'How be

+I to get out, veyther?'--That bit tickled I, bless 'ee! moor'n aal

+on't! Arterwards one on 'em axed I if thur wurden a Cannin's girl in

+sarvice at our place; an' I zes 'I b'lieve as 'tes.' An' a zes, 'Do

+'ee iver zaa _Baa_! to she?' An' I zes 'Noa, vur why should I zaay

+_Baa_! to she?' An' a zes 'You should allus zaay _Baa_! to a body as

+comes vrom Cannin's.' 'Wull,' I zes, 'I shudden like to zaay _Baa_!

+to any body wi'out I know'd the rason on't.' An' then a tell'd I as

+the' had a tiddlin' lamb as wur ter'ble dickey, an' the' putt un

+into th' o-ven, to kip un warm' an' shut un in an' forgot aal about

+un, an lef' un in thur. An' when the' awpened the o-ven agean a wur

+rawsted droo!--Wull, I come whoam, an' niver thought nothen more

+on't fur a lenth o' time, till one daay as I wur a workin' in the

+garden, measter an' missus wur out, an' the girls come out an' begun

+a 'oondermentin' an' terrifyin' I. An' aal at once this yer shot

+into my mind, an' I looks up at the cook an' I zes, '_Baa_!' But her

+didden take no nautice, an' a went on chatterin'. An' I zes '_Baa_!'

+agean. An' that put her pot on, bless 'ee! at a terrible rate, an'

+she zes to I, 'Who be _you_'--she zes,--'to zaay _Baa_! to I?' An'

+wi' that they boath on 'em went auf in-a-doors, an' they niver come a

+meddlin' wi' I agean fur a long whiles.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+Thur's our Bill, 'snaw--I had a main job to get he to gwoa. He bin

+a walkin' wi' thuck ginger-headed wench o' Smith's--a wur terrible

+took up wi' she a bit back, an' her bin a 'suading he to putt up the

+banns. A never zed nothen to I about ut, nit I never zed nothen to

+he not afore laas' Vriday wick, an' then there wur a word or two,

+and I zes to un, 'What's thee want wi' a wife? Thee's got no more

+'casion wi' a wife than a twoad has wi' a zide-pawket'--I zes--'an'

+ef thee'se be a-gwain to hae she thee can plase theeself, but thee

+shasn't never hannel narra penny piece o' mine ef thee does! An'

+ther's Shusan's brother-law up a Lunnon, as hev a axed the' _times_

+to gwo up, an' he'd vine the' a pleace wur the' meds't do well.--Why

+dwon't 'ee teak an' gwo, 'stid o' loppettin' about at whoam wi' a

+wench as yun't narra mossel o' good fur cheese-makin' nur nothen else

+'cept 'tes to look vine in thuck new hat o' shis'n?'--Them was my

+words to un, an' he wur zart o' dubous wur a'd gwo ur wur a 'oodden:

+but I sticks it into un as Lunnon wer far afore any wife, let ut be

+who 'twill. An' zo a zed a 'oodden bide yer no longer, fur ef a did

+her'd never let un gwo. An' a started awf thur-right, an' I han't a

+hired from un wur a likes it or wur a dwon't.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    Our Jess wur cwoortin' Polly:

+      Her gwoed an' kitched th' plague.

+    'Zo cwoortin's wusser'n volly,'

+      Zes Jess, 'an' I'll renage!'

+

+    Zes Polly, 'Dang thee buttons!

+      Thee gwo an' blaw thee's nause!

+    Zo zhure as zhip be muttons,

+      Th' dain be in thee's claus!'

+

+    Martal aveard wur Jesse,

+      An' tuk an' hiked it whoam.

+    'Bin in my claus 'tes,' zes 'e,

+      'I'll make a bonvire aw'm!'

+

+    Zo off a zoon tuk aal claus,

+      Vrom sankers up ta zmock,

+    Vur weskit, cwoat an' smaal-claus,

+      An' putt 'em in a cock.

+

+    Jess wur a vool, but Lawksies!

+      Thur's zights aw'm wusser'n _he_!

+    It minds I o' Guy Vawks's,

+      Thuck vire o' he's to zee!

+

+    'Twur down in veyther's archet,

+      A gashly smother 'twur,

+    Vor when you comes to scarch it,

+      Thur be a zim to vur!

+

+    But 'twern't no zart o' use on't,

+      A zoon beginned to sneeze--

+    An' when I hires moor news on't,

+      I'll tell 'ee how a be's!

+

+                                                    G. E. D.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX I

+

+A Bibliography of Works relating to Wilts or illustrating its Dialect.

+

+

+Most of the works comprised in the following list have lately been

+read through, and compared with our own _Glossary_, and references

+to many of them will be found in the foregoing pages. Some may

+contain a more or less comprehensive Wiltshire Glossary; others

+only a few words. Some belong absolutely to our own county; others

+merely to the same group of dialects. But all are of value as

+bearing on the subject. The Berks, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, and

+Somerset Glossaries of course contain a large proportion of words

+and uses that are either absolutely identical with ours, or vary but

+slightly therefrom, while such works as _Amaryllis, Dark, Lettice

+Lisle_, and _Jonathan Merle_ on the one side, and _Old Country Words_

+and _English Plant-names_ on the other, are full of examples and

+illustrations of the South-Western Folk-speech. Even where their

+scene is laid somewhat outside the borders of Wilts itself, the

+dialect, with but trifling alterations, would pass as ours.

+

+_S. Editha, sive Chronicon Vilodunense_, im Wiltshire Dialekt,

+aus MS. Cotton. Faustina B III. Herausgegeben von C. HORSTMANN.

+Heilbronn: Gebr. Henninger, 1883. A handy reprint of this fifteenth

+century _Chronicle_.

+

+_Parochial Antiquities_ attempted in the History of Ambroseden,

+Burcester, and adjacent parts in Oxford and Bucks. By Bishop KENNETT,

+1695. Reprinted 1816 and 1818. Contains a few Wilts words. See _Five

+Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Lansdowne MSS._, 935-1042, British Museum. By Bishop KENNETT. Also

+contain some Wilts words.

+

+_The Natural History of Wiltshire._ By JOHN AUBREY. (1656-91). Edited

+by JOHN BRITTON. London, 1847.

+

+_Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey._ (1659-70).

+Edited by Rev. JOHN EDWARD JACKSON. London and Devizes, 1862.

+

+_Other works and MSS. by John Aubrey._

+

+_Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in North Wilts._ An

+eighteenth century MS. Vocabulary, fully dealt with in Appendix II as

+_Cunnington MS._

+

+_A Provincial Glossary._ By FRANCIS GROSE. Second edition, 1790. Out

+of the twenty-eight words which Britton marks as given in Grose, only

+the following are credited to Wilts in this edition:--_Allemang,

+Carriage, Contankerous, Dewsiers, Drowning-bridge, Dudge, Grom_

+or _Groom, Huff, Leer, Lowle-eared, Quirking, Rudderish_, and

+_Wasset-man_. The remainder (_Aneust, Axen, Beet, Bochant, Daddock,

+More, Quamp, Quarr, Quilt, Quop, Skiel, Sleepy, Tail-ends, Tallet_,

+and _Tid_) are not there assigned to Wilts; but as Britton may very

+possibly have found them so localized in the revised 1811 edition,

+which we have not had an opportunity of consulting, we add (G.) to

+the whole of them, on his authority.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wilts, with

+observations on the means of its improvement._ By THOMAS DAVIS

+of Longleat, Steward to the Marquess of Bath. London, 1794. An

+Agricultural Report or Survey, afterwards much enlarged. The author

+died in 1807.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of Wiltshire._ Drawn up for the

+consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement.

+By THOMAS DAVIS. London, 1809. New editions, 1811 and 1813. An

+enlarged and revised reprint of the _Agricultural Report_, edited by

+the Author's son. Contains an interesting Glossary of Agricultural

+Terms, arranged under subjects, as _Soils_, _Barn Process_,

+_Implements_, &c., at pp. 258-268; also a few additional words in

+the body of the work.

+

+_Arch�ological Review_, March, 1888, vol. i, No. 1, pp. 33-39.

+Contains a reprint of Davis's _Glossary_, with notes by Professor

+Skeat, rearranged alphabetically, a few words and phrases being

+omitted as general or legal.

+

+_Some Specimens of the Provincial Dialect of South Wiltshire._ By

+'MARK.' _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii, p. 114. Noted

+in the Preface to _Five Reprinted Glossaries_. See Appendix III.

+

+_A Topographical and Historical Description of the County of Wilts._

+By JOHN BRITTON. London, N.D. [1814?]. Vol. xv of '_The Beauties of

+England_.'

+

+_The Beauties of Wiltshire_, displayed in Statistical, Historical,

+and Descriptive Sketches, &c. By JOHN BRITTON. 3 vols. London,

+1801-1825. Vol. iii contains a list of _Provincial Words of Wiltshire

+and the adjacent Counties_, pp. 369-380. See Appendix II.

+

+_Five Reprinted Glossaries._ Edited by Professor SKEAT. Eng. Dialect

+Socy., 1879. Contains (_a_) _Wiltshire Words, from 'Britton's

+Beauties of Wiltshire,'_ 1825; _compared with 'Akerman's Glossary,'_

+1842, a few words being added from the _Monthly Magazine_, &c. (_b_)

+_Dialectal Words, from 'Kennett's Parochial Antiquities_, 1695.'

+

+_A Glossary of Provincial Words and Phrases in use in Wiltshire._ By

+JOHN YONGE AKERMAN. London, 1842. An unacknowledged enlargement of

+Britton's _Word-list_. See _Five Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Wiltshire Tales._ By J. Y. AKERMAN. London, 1853.

+

+_Spring-tide: or the Angler and his Friends._ BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+London, 1850. Contains many Wiltshire and West of England words.

+

+_A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words._ By J. O. HALLIWELL.

+London, 1846, &c.

+

+_Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English._ By THOMAS WRIGHT.

+London, 1857, &c.

+

+_The Song of Solomon in the Wiltshire Dialect_, as it is spoken in

+the Northern Division. By EDWARD KITE. Circa 1860. Privately printed

+for Prince L. Lucien Bonaparte.

+

+_Content: or the Day Labourer's Tale of his Life._ By Mrs.

+PENRUDDOCKE, Fyfield Manor House, Wilts. Salisbury, 1860.

+

+_Peasant Life in the West of England._ By F. G. HEATH. 1872-80.

+

+_Fabellae Mostellariae: or Devonshire and Wiltshire Stories in

+Verse._ London and Exeter, 1878.

+

+_Rhymes of the Wiltshire Peasantry, and other Trifles._ By EDWARD

+SLOW. Salisbury, 1874.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes: a Series of Poems in the Wiltshire Dialect._ By

+EDWARD SLOW. London and Salisbury, 1881. Also Third edition, 1885.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes._ Fourth Series. By EDWARD SLOW. Salisbury and

+Wilton, 1889. Contains a _Glossary_ of about 200 words, pp. 9-14.

+

+_Glossary of Wiltshire Words._ Compiled by EDWARD SLOW. Wilton, 1892.

+Contains about 900 words, of which a few are of special interest.

+

+_Works of Richard Jefferies_:--

+

+_A Memoir of the Goddards of North Wilts, 1873. The Gamekeeper

+at Home, 1878. Wild Life in a Southern County. 1879. The Amateur

+Poacher, 1879. Greene Ferne Farm, 1880. Hodge and his Masters, 1880.

+Round about a Great Estate, 1880. Wood Magic, 1881. Bevis, 1882. The

+Life of the Fields, 1884. The Dewy Morn, 1884. The Open Air, 1885.

+Amaryllis at the Fair, 1887. Field and Hedgerow, 1889. The Toilers of

+the Field, 1892, &c., &c._

+

+_The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies._ By WALTER BESANT. 1888.

+

+_Some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases._ By Rev. W. C. PLENDERLEATH. _Wilts

+Arch�ological Magazine_, vol. xxii. p. 107.

+

+_Wiltshire Arch�ological and Natural History Magazine._ All vols.

+

+_History of the Manor and Ancient Barony of Castle Combe_ in the county

+of Wilts, &c., &c. By G. POULETT SCROPE. Privately printed, 1852.

+

+_Records of Chippenham_, relating to the Borough from its

+Incorporation by Queen Mary to its Reconstruction by Act of

+Parliament, 1889, &c., &c. By FREDERICK H. GOLDNEY. 1889.

+

+_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_, Annual Reports of Flower-classes, by Mr.

+HUSSEY and Mr. TATUM.

+

+_The Flowering Plants of Wilts._ By Rev. T. A. PRESTON. Published by

+Wilts Arch. Society, 1888.

+

+_The Birds of Wiltshire._ By Rev. ALFRED C. SMITH. London and

+Devizes, 1887. Reprinted from _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+

+_Glory: a Wiltshire Story._ By Mrs. G. LINN�US BANKS. London,

+1876(?). New edition, 1892. Scene partly laid in and round

+Marlborough.

+

+_On the Upper Thames._ By Miss E. BOYER-BROWN. _Leisure Hour_,

+August, 1893. Contains many words belonging to the Castle Eaton and

+Marston Maizey district.

+

+_A Dictionary of English Plant-names._ By JAMES BRITTEN and ROBERT

+HOLLAND. E. D. S. 1878-86. A very valuable work, containing a small

+number of Wilts names, mostly from sources already referred to. The

+whole of the Plant-names in our _Glossary_ have been sent to Mr.

+Britten from time to time, for use in the _Supplement_ which he is

+now preparing.

+

+_English Dialects--their Sounds and Homes._ By A. J. ELLIS. E. D. S.

+1890. Contains some remarks at pp. 24-29 on Wilts, with specimens

+of dialect from Christian Malford and Chippenham, accompanied by a

+rendering into Glossic.

+

+_A Glossary of Berkshire Words and Phrases._ By Major B. LOWSLEY. E.

+D. S. 1888.

+

+_Upton-on-Severn Words and Phrases._ By Rev. ROBERT LAWSON. E. D. S.

+1884. A reprint of his smaller _Glossary_, which originally appeared

+in _The Nation in the Parish_, by Mrs. LAWSON.

+

+_The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire._

+By JAMES JENNINGS. 1825. Second edition, revised and edited by Rev.

+JAMES K. JENNINGS. London, 1869.

+

+_Poems of Rural Life in the Dorset Dialect._ By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+_Glossary_, pp. 459-467, edition 1888.

+

+_Glossary of the Dorset Dialect_, 1863-86. By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+Also the additional _Word-lists_ published by him from time to time

+in the _Dorset County Chronicle_.

+

+_Natural History, Folk Speech, and Superstitions of Dorsetshire._ By

+J. S. UDAL. A paper read before the Dorset Field Club at Dorchester,

+in February, 1889, containing a _Glossary_, which was given in full

+in the report in the local papers at the time.

+

+_A Glossary of Dialect & Archaic Words used in the County of

+Gloucester._ By J. D. ROBERTSON. Edited by Lord MORETON. E. D. S.

+1890.

+

+_A Glossary of Hampshire Words and Phrase_s. By the Rev. Sir WILLIAM

+H. COPE. E. D. S. 1883.

+

+_A Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect._ By Rev. W. D. PARISH. Lewes.

+1875.

+

+_On the Dialects of Eleven Southern and South-Western Counties_, with

+a new Classification of the English Dialects. By Prince LOUIS LUCIEN

+BONAPARTE. E. D. S. 1877.

+

+_On the Survival of Early English Words in our present Dialects._ By

+Rev. RICHARD MORRIS. E. D. S. 1876.

+

+_Old Country and Farming Words._ By JAMES BRITTEN. E. D. S. 1880.

+Contains extracts from the following volumes, among which may be

+found a few additional Wilts words, as well as much information on

+our agricultural terms:--

+

+    ELLIS, WILLIAM. _The Modern Husbandman_. 1750.

+    _Reports of the Agricultural Survey_, 1793-1813.

+    LISLE, EDWARD. _Observations in Husbandry_. 1757.

+    WORLIDGE, J. _Dictionarium rusticum_. 1681.

+    _Annals of Agriculture, &c._ 1784-1815.

+    MORTON, JOHN C. _Cyclop�dia of Agriculture_, 1863.

+

+_Folk-Etymology, a Dictionary of Verbal Corruptions, &c._ By Rev. A.

+SMYTHE PALMER. London, 1882.

+

+_Lettice Lisle._ By Lady VERNEY. 1870. Contains much excellent Hants

+talk.

+

+_The New Forest: its History and its Scenery._ By J. R. WISE. London,

+1871. Glossary, pp. 279-288, also words in text.

+

+_Jonathan Merle: a West Country story of the times._ By ELISABETH B.

+BAYLY. 1890. Affords many good illustrations of words used in Wilts,

+as the two following works also do.

+

+_Tess of the D'Urbervilles._ By THOMAS HARDY. 1891.

+

+_The Story of Dick._ By Major GAMBIER PARRY. 1892.

+

+_Dark: a Tale of the Down Country._ By Mrs. STEPHEN BATSON. London,

+1892. The scene is laid in Berks, just over the borders, but the

+dialect, which is excellently done, is to all intents and purposes

+that of North Wilts.

+

+_A History of Marlborough College during Fifty Years._ By A. G.

+BRADLEY, A. C. CHAMPNEYS, and J. W. BAINES. London, 1893.

+

+_John Darke's Sojourn in the Cotteswolds and elsewhere._ By S. S.

+BUCKMAN. 1890.

+

+_The Scouring of the White Horse._ By THOMAS HUGHES. 1858.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX II

+

+Cunnington MS.

+

+

+Among the various books and word-lists which we have consulted during

+the progress of this work, by no means the least interesting is the

+manuscript containing a _Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in

+North Wilts_, believed to have been compiled about the middle of last

+century, which was kindly lent us by its present owner, Mr. William

+Cunnington, and is here frequently referred to as _Cunnington MS._

+

+This valuable relic was at one time in the possession of Mr. J.

+Britton, as is proved by the notes in his _early_ handwriting on the

+outer leaves, and was evidently the source to which he was indebted

+for some portions of his 1825 _Glossary_ (in the _Beauties of Wilts_,

+vol. iii), the very peculiar wording and spelling of some of its

+paragraphs having been transferred direct to his pages. It must,

+however, have been in his hands at a much earlier date than 1825, as

+one or two of the notes appear to have been made at the time he was

+collecting materials for the 1814 volume on Wilts.

+

+Not only has it afforded us several hitherto un-noted words, which

+Mr. Britton himself had passed over, possibly because even in

+his own time they were already grown obsolete, but it has also

+enabled us to clear up several doubtful points, and especially to

+show how, by a very simple misreading of the MS., from the easily

+identified _sprawny_ (a variant of _sprunny_) was evolved that

+mysterious 'ghost-word' _sprawing_, which has ever since misled our

+glossary-makers, each one having seemingly taken it on the faith of

+his immediate predecessor.

+

+The _Vocabulary_, which we here reproduce _verbatim et literatim_,

+consists of ten quarto pages, the first two of which are covered with

+notes in pencil and ink, in at least four different hands, partly

+arch�ological and topographical, and partly relating to dialect

+words in Wilts and elsewhere. It is written in an extremely legible

+old hand, with a few additions and interlineations in other hands,

+and contains about one hundred words and phrases, of which we owe

+just two-thirds to the original compiler, who is supposed to have

+been a North Wilts clergyman. If so, it is probable that his very

+characteristic handwriting could readily be identified by any one who

+was familiar with our last-century parish registers.

+

+The interlineations have been made at different dates and in

+different hands, _acrass_, _chit_, _clout_, _gallered_, _hire_,

+_hitch_, _muxen_, _shirk off_, _slink away_, _skillin_, _stowl_,

+_stole_, _thick_ and _thuck_, _won't_, with the numerals at the end,

+being in pencil, two or three of them having been inked over at

+some time or other; while _arran_, _clavey_, _clap to_, _desperd_,

+_dowse_, _hit_, _nan_, _plye_, _rathe_, _sprawny_, the definition

+of _thick_ and _thuck_, _tun_, _tag_, _twit_, and _vuddels_, are in

+ink, and mostly in a much larger and somewhat peculiar hand. The

+pencilling is now almost entirely obliterated.

+

+The MS. was given by Mr. Britton to Mr. Cunnington, with other books

+and papers, many years ago, and its existence appears to have been

+unknown until we called attention to it in the _Wilts Arch�ological

+Magazine_, vol. xxvi. p. 293.

+

+

+Front page of Cover.

+

+    [_Writing entirely in pencil, in Mr. Britton's hand, except the

+    word Vocabulary._]

+

+XXII. 107. Broad Hinton. Vic. Mr. Hume of Salisby late Vicar a manor

+well immense depth. abt 10 ms to draw Some of the Glanvilles buried

+here. Old monk [? _tomb_] of this family one of these Gs wrote on

+Witches--all chalk large crane wheel room for 3 men.

+

+

+Vocabulary.

+

+    [_Here two lines of writing, probably the name and address

+    of the compiler, have been scratched completely out with a

+    penknife._]

+

+See Ascough's Index [_Here another word now illegible._]

+

+    [_Here a rough sketch, marked_ Spring, _probably relating to

+    the above well._]

+

+

+Inside of Cover.

+

+Main sprack--for lively--Wilts

+

+Information in Bowels--

+

+Obliterate Scoolmaster--

+

+Mandy--saucy--Wilts

+

+    [_These four lines are in a more recent hand, on a slip gummed

+    in._]

+

+Werrutting teazing

+

+Thick for that

+

+direction "You must go all a skew thick vield there & then all a

+thirt tother & then looky one way & pointy another wool ye now"

+

+Anticks--main--mandy

+

+    [_These are in the same large, slightly feminine-looking hand

+    as some of the interlineations in the word-list._]

+

+_Enked_ is avaricious, wretched, from whence we have perhaps a

+term in English of unked; disagreeable, melancholy, tiresome. In

+Oxfordshire every thing unpleasant is _unked_.

+

+From the Persian.

+

+Rudge a cup or patera found here Horsley p. 330.

+

+    [_These are on a slip gummed in, in Mr. Britton's own hand._]

+

+

+The Vocabulary itself.

+

+COLLECTION OF A FEW PROVINCIAL TERMS USED IN NORTH WILTS.

+

+    Page 1.

+

+    =Arran= for either

+

+    =Acrass=

+

+    '=All a hoh='--awry--not square, strait or even--

+

+    =Beet=--To beet--is to supply fire with fewel

+

+    =Brow=--the opposite of Tough--Substances that will easily break

+

+    =Burrow=--Shelter from Wind--generally applied to some Low

+    Place in a field where some neighbouring hillock breaks the

+    force of the gale

+

+    =Caddle= a term variously applied, but in all cases significant

+    of Confusion or embarassmt To be in a Caddle--to be in

+    disorder--to be embarrassd with business--Dont Caddle me--dont

+    teaze me--don't confuse me--'a cadling fellow' a wrangler a

+    shifting, & sometimes an unmeaning character

+

+    =Clavey=--Chimney Piece

+

+    =Cham=--to Chew--

+

+    =Clap to the Door=--shut the Door.

+

+    Page 2.

+

+    =Chism=--to germ--Seed is said to chism when it discovers the

+    first appearance of germination

+

+    =Chit=--to spring--leaves are coming out.

+

+    =Cleet=--a Patch whereby an utensil is repaird--to cleet to

+    mend by a patch put on, & sometimes to Strengtn by bracing etc

+

+    =Clum=--To Clum a thing--is to handle it Roughly boisterously

+    or indecently

+

+    =Clyten= A term applied to express an unhealthy appearance,

+    particularly in Children--a Clyten an unhealthy Child

+

+    =Clout= a blow

+

+    =Clytenish=. To look Clytenish to Look pale & sickly

+

+    =Dain=--disagreeable effluvia--generally applied to Those

+    Scents which are Supposed to convey infections, i.e. "Dont go

+    to near that man; he has lately had the Small Pox & the _dain_

+    may be in his Cloths still"

+

+    =Desperd= very as desperd fine etc

+

+    Page 3

+

+    =Dummil=--Heavy, dull--a term variously applied--but in all

+    cases signifies the reverse of sprightly or Brilliant

+

+    =Dowse=--a Blow

+

+    =Dunch=--The Common term for Deaf

+

+    =Dunch Dumplin=--a Dumplin made of flower and water only--boild

+    hard & eaten hot with Butter--

+

+    =Dar=, 'to be struck in a Dar,' to be astonishd or Confounded

+

+    =Flick= or =flitch=--i.e. To be flitch with one,' is to be

+    familiar or intimate

+

+    =Gallered= to be astonished, frightened, as _he gallered me_

+

+    =Gabborn=--a term always applied to Buildings to denote

+    Largeness without Convenience & Comfort--a gabborn Room or

+    house signifies a place Large cold and comfortless

+

+    =Glox= a term applied to denote the motion or Sound made by

+    Liquids when movd about in a barrel or other vessel not full as

+

+    Page 4

+

+    for instance, "Fill the Barrel full John or else it will glox

+    in Carriage"--

+

+    =Glutch=--To Glutch, to swallow--the act of

+    Swallowing--i.e.--He glutchd hard that is he swallowed with

+    difficulty

+

+    =Hit= to strike

+

+    =Hazon=--To Hazon a Person is to scold or menace him--

+

+    =Harl=--=a Harl=--Something entangled--His hair is all in a

+    harl--i.e. knotted--uncombed

+    ravle

+

+    =To harl=--to entangle

+

+    =Hire= for hear--Dont hire do not _hear_

+

+    =Hatch= a small door or gate--generally applied to the half

+    doors frequent in Shops

+

+    =Heft=--weight--i e what heft is that Parcel i e what weight is

+    it--(perhaps a contraction of heavy-weight)

+

+    =Hike= To hike off--to sneak away dishonorably

+

+    =Hitch=--monthly Agents

+

+    =Howe=--Pronounced Broad and Long Ho-ow or Hau-ow--To be in a

+    hauow--to be anxious

+

+    =Howed for=--provided for--taken care of--a figurative

+    expression undoubtedly derived from the term

+

+    Page 5

+

+    made use of by Shepherds in driving collecting & managing their

+    flocks, i.e. Ho h�--ho-h�

+

+    =Hop a bouts= a term applied to small apple Dumplings made of

+    one apple enclosd in a Paste of flour & boild

+

+    =Hudgy=--thick Clumsey

+

+    =Kitch=--to Kitch or Ketch--to congeal--oils animal fat &c. are

+    said to catch or kitch when they grow cold enough to congeal

+

+    =Kerfs= Lamin�--Layers or cleavings of Earth Turf Hay &c.

+

+    =Lear=--empty--a Lear Stomach, a Stomach wanting food

+

+    =Lew=--To get in the Lew--is to get in a place Sheltered from

+    the wind--(perhaps derivd from the Sea Phrase--Lee--)

+

+    =Lewth= warmth--"this Coat has no Lewth in it," i.e. it has no

+    warmth

+

+    =Limp= a thing is said to be Limp when it has Lost its

+    accustomed Stiffness

+

+    =Limber=--Slender--or Rather a thing Long & bending

+

+    Page 6

+

+    =M[=a]ndy= pronouncd Long--frolicksome--Impudent--Showy

+

+    =Miff=--offence--to take a miff--to be offended

+

+    =Mothery= or =Muthery= Beer, vinegar &c. are said to be mothery

+    when white Particles of fust float in it--Perhaps a Corruption

+    of muddy or muddery--

+

+    =Most-in-deal=--in general--mostly--(example) "where do you

+    Live now?'--why at Devizes, most in deal, but sometimes at

+    Warminster--"

+

+    =Muxen= Dung heap.

+

+    =Newst=--Newst or anewst Signifies nearly--what is it a

+    Clock?--a newst One. which of the two is oldest?--They are

+    newst of an age. which of those things are best? they are a

+    newst alike--In the Latter example however the more usual reply

+    would be "they are anewst of a newstness"

+

+    =Nitch=--a Burthen, as a Nitch of wood a nitch of Straw a Nitch

+    of hay &c.--"He has got a nitch," i.e. he is Drunk, he has got

+    as much Liquor as he can carry--

+

+    =Plye= to bend as the Poker is plied--

+

+    =Nan?=--What do you say

+

+    =Quilt= To Quilt a term used almost exclusive of any other to

+    denote the act of Swallowing when performd

+

+    Page 7.

+

+    in the usual & natural way--the term Glutch being rather

+    descriptive of a difficulty in doing it or the doing it with

+    labour

+

+    =Rowney=--thin, uneven--generally applied to Cloth

+

+    =Rumple=--to Rumple is to press a thing, particularily

+

+    =Rathe=--early in the morning

+    a garment, so as to make it appear promiscuously

+    wrinkled--or tumbled

+

+    =Rubble=--universally us'd for Rubbish--

+

+    =Shewent= a Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is

+    evenly wove & not Rowey--it is also applied in other Cases but

+    always to denote a thing Level & even--to Look Shewent, is to

+    Look demure

+

+    =Shim= This word is rather of Glocestershire but it is

+    nevertheless in use on the North Border of wilts, & is a

+    Corruption or Contraction perhaps of Seeming--Ex. gra--He is a

+    fine fellow Shim--or he is, Shim, a fine fellow means that the

+    person spoken of is apparently a fine fellow

+

+    =Skillin=--a shed

+

+    =Shog=--Shog & jog--words nearly of the same import & Signify

+    to move off degradedly--to slink or shirk away

+

+    =Shirk= off

+

+    =Sleazey=--thin--Slight--generally applied to Cloth Silks &c.

+

+    =Slink away=

+

+    =Slox= to waste a thing, or pilfer it--"Sloxd away" wasted or

+    pilferd

+

+    Page 8.

+

+    =Stowl=--a root--great stowl

+

+    =Sprack=--Lively--bright quick a main sprack child

+

+    =Stole=--when trees, are buddg--trees

+

+    =Sultedge= a term applied to describe a Coarse apron much worn

+    by the poor Women & which they always describe by the term a

+    Sultedge apron

+

+    =Swingeing=--violent--great--forcible

+

+    =Sprawny= a Sweetheart [Misread as Sprawing by Britton.]

+

+    =Tack= a shelf--put it on the tack--i e put it on the

+    Shelf--How many tacks are there in the Pantry, i.e. how many

+    Shelves

+

+    =Teft=--to teft a thing is to judge of its weight by taking it

+    in the hand i e--what Heft do you think this Bundle is--I dont

+    know Let's teft it--i.e. let me take it in my hand

+

+    =Thic= & =Thuck= this & that--as thic w� this way

+

+    =Tine=--to kindle--to tine a fire is to Light a fire,--to tine

+    a Candle--to Light a candle

+

+    =Tine= to fence to tine in a piece of waste ground is to

+    enclose it with a fence of wood or quickset

+

+    =Tining= fences of Wood either Brushwood Pales or a Hedge

+

+    =Tun= Chimney

+

+    Page 9.

+

+    =Tag= to tease to torment

+

+    =Todge=--a thick Consistency--Thick as Todge gruels, Soups,

+    etc, made unpleasantly thick

+

+    =Twit=--to upbraid

+

+    =Twire=--to Look at a thing wistfully or Critically 'How he

+    twir'd at her--i e. how wistfully he Look at her'--Common Phrase

+

+    =Vuddels= a spoilt Child

+

+    =Vinny= mouldy--Vinney Cheese, is mouldy Cheese--properly it

+    denotes anything tinted--not with a black or Rotten--but with a

+    whitish or blue mould--very common Phrase

+

+    =Unkerd= or =Unkert=--Lonely or Solitary--an unkert house a

+    Lone house--an unkert place a Solitary place--very Common phrase

+

+    =Weeth= tough Soft pliable--

+

+    =Yat= a gate--yat Post, a gate Post

+

+    =Wont= for Will not

+

+    =dree vour vive zix s=

+

+    N.B. In north wilts it may be remarkd that the formation of the

+    Plural by affixing en to the Noun is almost universal as house

+    housen Pease Peasen Wench wenchen--almost as universal too is

+    the transformation of the

+

+    Page 10.

+

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as a

+    Silken gown a Clothen Coat a Leatheren Shoe an elmen Board

+    &c. the pronoun Possessive too is formd in the same way as

+    hisn hern Ourn theirn--the old terms also, thic & thoc almost

+    Constantly exclude the expression This & That--There is also

+    here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs from Nouns, which

+    are generally in use as apellations for professions--take an

+    Example Well Mary, how do you get on in Life? what do you &

+    your family do _now_ to get a Living in these times--Wy zur we

+    do aal vind zummut to do--Jan, ye know, he do _Smithey_ (work

+    as a smith) Jin the beggist wench do spinney the Little one do

+    Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ (go out as a Chore Woman) and the

+    two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One works as a smith--one

+    spins one makes Lace one goes out as a Chore woman & two are

+    Birdkeepers which Latter term were more to the purpose if

+    expressd Bird frightener or driver

+

+    Show to Ingram-Ellis

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX III

+

+Monthly Magazine Word-list.

+

+

+In the _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii. p. 114, a

+short and very badly arranged list of South Wilts Words and Phrases

+occurs. We have thought it best to reproduce it here, _verbatim

+et literatim_, from the Magazine itself, kindly lent us by Mr.

+Cunnington, as the account given of it in the Preface to Professor

+Skeat's reprint of Akerman is in some respects slightly inaccurate.

+Thus, he omits all mention of _Hogo_ and some other words or phrases,

+while _Tatees_ is misquoted as _taters_ and _Theseum_ as _Thescum_.

+The remarks made on the latter word will therefore require some

+modification.

+

+

+Prefatory Note.

+

+_To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine._ Sir, In conformity to your

+invitation, I send you some specimens of the provincial dialect of

+South Wiltshire.

+

+                                      MARK. _July_ 23, 1813.

+

+

+    The Word-list.

+

+    _Thic_, this.

+

+    _Thac_, that.--"_Thacs_ the way I _do_ do."

+

+    _Theseum_, these.--"What are _theseum_ here?"

+

+    _Dooke_, do you.--"Hold thy brother, dooke." Or, "dooke be

+    quiet." [Brother _is evidently a misprint for_ bother.]

+

+    _Volk_, folk.--"Vaut vine volks." What fine folks.

+

+    _Wuld_, world.--"The honestest volk in the wuld."

+

+    _Heft_, weight.--"What heft be 'um?"

+

+    _Hiss_, Yes.--"Hiss sure, mum." Yes sure, madam.

+

+    _Housen_, house.--"Yan housen." Yonder house.

+

+    A always pronounced R. [=broad]

+

+    "Send it _once_ this morning, dooke." Send it this morning.

+

+    "I _do_ know what they be." [=I don't know]

+

+    "Harnt thee got nareon." Have not you got one.

+

+    "Nice day izzent it?"--"Yes it is sure."

+

+    _Thee_ and _thou_ for _you_.

+

+    _Crockerty_, china.--"I've torn my crockerty."

+

+    _Terrible_, very.--"Lard! they be terrible dear."

+

+    _Torn_, broke.

+

+    _Hogo_, smell.

+

+    "_What a book of clothes._" What a large wash.

+

+    _Barm_, yeast.

+

+    _Caddling_, teazing, chattering.

+

+    "_Mud the child up, dooke._" Bring up the child by hand.

+

+    "_Lard, the child's got the white mouth._" The child's got the

+    thrush.

+

+    _Shrammed_, perished.--"I was half shrammed on the downs[2]."

+

+    _Tatees_, potatoes. "I do want a gallon of tatees."

+

+    _Figged Pudding_, plum pudding.

+

+    _Handy_, near.--Handy ten o'clock.

+

+                             _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814.

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[2] [Here a foot-note is given in the Magazine, but has been

+obliterated in the only copy to which we have access.]

+

+

+THE END.

+

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transcriber's Notes:

+

+Obvious typographical errors were repaired.

+

+P. xv: "D when preceded by a liquid"--original read "followed" in

+place of "preceded."

+

+P. 30: p^d--original shows p with superscript d.

+

+Appendix II: unusual spellings and capitalizations preserved as in

+original.

+

+P. 228: "dain may be in his Cloths still"--"Cloths still" originally

+appeared below "Desperd" entry and "Page 3" heading.

+

+

+

+

+

+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the

+County of Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN WILTSHIRE ***

+

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+

+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the County of

+Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

+

+

+Title: A Glossary of Words used in the County of Wiltshire

+

+Author: George Edward Dartnell

+        Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+Release Date: May 29, 2014 [EBook #45809]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN WILTSHIRE ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by David Edwards, JoAnn Greenwood, and the Online

+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This

+file was produced from images generously made available

+by The Internet Archive)

+

+

+

+

+

+

+</pre>

+

+

+

+<h1>GLOSSARY

+OF

+WILTSHIRE WORDS</h1>

+

+

+<p class="p4 center">Oxford<br />

+HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+

+<p class="p2 center spaced"><big>A Glossary of Words</big><br />

+

+USED IN THE<br />

+

+<big>COUNTY OF WILTSHIRE.</big></p>

+

+<p class="p2 center">BY</p>

+

+<p class="p2 center spaced">GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL<br />

+

+AND THE<br />

+

+REV. EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD, M.A.</p>

+

+<p class="p4 center">London:</p>

+

+<p class="center">PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY<br />

+BY HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE.<br />

+AMEN CORNER, LONDON, E.C.</p>

+

+<p class="center spaced">1893.<br />

+

+[<i>All rights reserved.</i>]</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+<h2>PREFACE</h2>

+

+

+<p>The following pages must not be considered as comprising

+an exhaustive Glossary of our Wiltshire Folk-speech. The

+field is a wide one, and though much has been accomplished

+much more still remains to be done. None but those who

+have themselves attempted such a task know how difficult it

+is to get together anything remotely approaching a complete

+list of the dialect words used in a single small parish, to say

+nothing of a large county, such as ours. Even when the

+words themselves have been collected, the work is little more

+than begun. Their range in time and place, their history and

+etymology, the side-lights thrown on them by allusions in

+local or general literature, their relation to other English

+dialects, and a hundred such matters, more or less interesting,

+have still to be dealt with. However, in spite of many difficulties

+and hindrances, the results of our five years or more

+of labour have proved very satisfactory, and we feel fully

+justified in claiming for this <cite>Glossary</cite> that it contains the

+most complete list of Wiltshire words and phrases which

+has as yet been compiled. More than one-half of the words

+here noted have never before appeared in any Wiltshire

+Vocabulary, many of them being now recorded for the first

+time for any county, while in the case of the remainder

+much additional information will be found given, as well

+as numerous examples of actual folk-talk.</p>

+

+<p>The greater part of these words were originally collected

+by us as rough material for the use of the compilers of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span>

+projected <cite>English Dialect Dictionary</cite>, and have been appearing

+in instalments during the last two years in the <cite>Wilts Arch�ological

+Magazine</cite> (vol. xxvi, pp. 84-169, and 293-314; vol.

+xxvii, pp. 124-159), as <cite>Contributions towards a Wiltshire

+Glossary</cite>. The whole list has now been carefully revised and

+much enlarged, many emendations being made, and a very

+considerable number of new words inserted, either in the

+body of the work, or as <i>Addenda</i>. A few short stories, illustrating

+the dialect as actually spoken now and in Akerman's

+time, with a brief <i>Introduction</i> dealing with Pronunciation, &amp;c.,

+and <i>Appendices</i> on various matters of interest, have also been

+added; so that the size of the work has been greatly

+increased.</p>

+

+<p>As regards the nature of the dialect itself, the subject

+has been fully dealt with by abler pens than ours, and

+we need only mention here that it belongs to what is

+now known as the South-Western group, which also comprises

+most of Dorset, Hants, Gloucester, and parts of Berks

+and Somerset. The use of dialect would appear gradually

+to be dying out now in the county, thanks, perhaps, to

+the spread of education, which too often renders the rustic

+half-ashamed of his native tongue. Good old English as at

+base it is,&mdash;for many a word or phrase used daily and hourly

+by the Wiltshire labourer has come down almost unchanged,

+even as regards pronunciation, from his Anglo-Saxon forefathers,&mdash;it

+is not good enough for him now. One here, and

+another there, will have been up to town, only to come back

+with a stock of slang phrases and misplaced aspirates, and

+a large and liberal contempt for the old speech and the old

+ways. The natural result is that here, as elsewhere, every

+year is likely to add considerably to the labour of collecting,

+until in another generation or so what is now difficult may

+become an almost hopeless task. No time should be lost,

+therefore, in noting down for permanent record every word

+and phrase, custom or superstition, still current among us,

+that may chance to come under observation.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span></p>

+

+<p>The words here gathered together will be found to fall

+mainly under three heads;&mdash;(1) Dialect, as <i>Caddle</i>, (2) Ordinary

+English with some local shade of meaning, as <i>Unbelieving</i>, and

+(3) Agricultural, as <i>Hyle</i>, many of the latter being also

+entitled to rank as Dialect. There may also be noted a small

+number of old words, such as <i>toll</i> and <i>charm</i>, that have long

+died out of standard English, but still hold their own among

+our country people. We have not thought it advisable, as

+a general rule, to follow the example set us by our predecessors

+in including such words as <i>archet</i> and <i>deaw</i>, which merely

+represent the local pronunciation of orchard and dew; nor

+have we admitted <i>cantankerous</i>, <i>tramp</i>, and certain others that

+must now rank with ordinary English, whatever claim they

+may once have had to be considered as provincial. More

+leniency, however, has been exercised with regard to the

+agricultural terms, many that are undoubtedly of somewhat

+general use being retained side by side with those of more

+local limitation.</p>

+

+<p>The chief existing sources of information are as follows:&mdash;(1)

+the Glossary of Agricultural Terms in Davis's <cite>General

+View of the Agriculture of Wilts</cite>, 1809; reprinted in the

+<cite>Arch�ological Review</cite>, March, 1888, with many valuable notes

+by Prof. Skeat; (2) The Word-list in vol. iii. of Britton's

+<cite>Beauties of Wilts</cite>, 1825; collated with Akerman, and reprinted

+in 1879 for the English Dialect Society, with additions

+and annotations, by Prof. Skeat; (3) Akerman's

+<cite>North Wilts Glossary</cite>, 1842, based upon Britton's earlier work;

+(4) Halliwell's <cite>Dictionary</cite>, 1847, where may be found most

+(but not all) of the Wiltshire words occurring in our older

+literature, as the anonymous fifteenth-century <cite>Chronicon Vilodunense</cite>,

+the works of John Aubrey, Bishop Kennett's <cite>Parochial

+Antiquities</cite>, and the collections by the same author, which

+form part of the <cite>Lansdowne MSS.</cite>; (5) Wright's <cite>Dictionary of

+Obsolete and Provincial English</cite>, 1859, which is mainly a condensation

+of Halliwell's work, but contains a few additional<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span>

+Wiltshire words; (6) a Word-list in Mr. E. Slow's <cite>Wiltshire

+Poems</cite>, which he has recently enlarged and published separately;

+and (7) the curious old MS. <cite>Vocabulary</cite> belonging to

+Mr. W. Cunnington, a <i>verbatim</i> reprint of which will be

+found in the Appendix.</p>

+

+<p>Other authorities that must here be accorded a special

+mention are a paper <cite>On some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases</cite>, by

+the Rev. W. C. Plenderleath, in the <cite>Wilts Arch�ological

+Magazine</cite>; Britten and Holland's invaluable <cite>Dictionary of

+English Plant-names</cite>, which, however, is unfortunately very

+weak as regards Wilts names; the Rev. A. C. Smith's <cite>Birds

+of Wiltshire</cite>; Akerman's <cite>Wiltshire Tales</cite>; the <cite>Flower-class

+Reports</cite> in the <cite>Sarum Diocesan Gazette</cite>; the very scarce <cite>Song

+of Solomon in North Wilts Dialect</cite>, by Edward Kite, a work

+of the highest value as regards the preservation of local pronunciation

+and modes of expression, but containing very few

+words that are not in themselves ordinary English; the works

+of Richard Jefferies; Canon Jackson's valuable edition of

+Aubrey's <cite>Wiltshire Collections</cite>; and Britton's condensation of

+the <cite>Natural History of Wilts</cite>. In <cite>Old Country and Farming

+Words</cite>, by Mr. Britten, 1880, much information as to our

+agricultural terms may be found, gathered together from the

+<cite>Surveys</cite> and similar sources. Lastly, the various <cite>Glossaries</cite>

+of the neighbouring counties, by Cope, Barnes, Jennings,

+and other writers, should be carefully collated with our

+Wiltshire Glossaries, as they often throw light on doubtful

+points. Fuller particulars as to these and other works bearing

+on the subject will be found in the Appendix on <cite>Wiltshire

+Bibliography</cite>.</p>

+

+<p>We regret that it has been found impossible to carry out

+Professor Skeat's suggestion that the true pronunciation

+should in all doubtful cases be clearly indicated by its Glossic

+equivalent. To make such indications of any practical value

+they should spring from a more intimate knowledge of that

+system than either of us can be said to possess. The same

+remarks will also apply to the short notes on Pronunciation,

+&amp;c., where our utter inexperience as regards the modern<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span>

+scientific systems of Phonetics must be pleaded as our excuse

+for having been compelled to adopt methods that are as vague

+as they are unscientific.</p>

+

+<p>To the English Dialect Society and its officers we are

+deeply indebted for their kindness and generosity in undertaking

+to adopt this <cite>Glossary</cite>, and to publish it in their

+valuable series of County Glossaries, as well as for the

+courtesy shown us in all matters connected with the work.

+We have also to thank the Wilts Arch�ological Society for

+the space afforded us from time to time in their <cite>Magazine</cite>,

+and the permission granted us to reprint the <i>Word-lists</i>

+therefrom.</p>

+

+<p>In our <i>Prefaces</i> to these <i>Word-lists</i> we mentioned that we

+should be very glad to receive any additions or suggestions

+from those interested in the subject. The result of these

+appeals has been very gratifying, not only with regard to the

+actual amount of new material so obtained, but also as showing

+the widespread interest felt in a branch of Wiltshire

+Arch�ology which has hitherto been somewhat neglected,

+and we gladly avail ourselves of this opportunity of repeating

+our expression of thanks to all those who have so kindly

+responded. To Dr. Jennings we owe an extremely lengthy

+list of Malmesbury words, from which we have made

+numerous extracts. We have found it of special value, as

+showing the influence of Somersetshire on the vocabulary and

+pronunciation of that part of the county. To Sir C. Hobhouse

+we are indebted for some interesting words, amongst which

+the survival of the A.S. <i>attercop</i> is well worth noting. We

+have to thank Mr. W. Cunnington for assistance in many

+ways, and for the loan of MSS. and books, which we have

+found of great service. To Mr. J. U. Powell and Miss Kate

+Smith we owe the greater part of the words marked as occurring

+in the Deverill district. Mr. E. J. Tatum has given us much

+help as regards local Plant-names: Miss E. Boyer-Brown,

+Mr. F. M. Willis, Mr. E. Slow, Mr. James Rawlence, Mr.

+F. A. Rawlence, Mr. C. E. Ponting, Mr. R. Coward, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span>

+Rev. W. C. Plenderleath, Mr. Septimus Goddard, Mrs. Dartnell,

+the Rev. C. Soames, and the Rev. G. Hill must also be

+specially mentioned. We are indebted to Mr. W. Gale,

+gardener at Clyffe Pypard Vicarage, for valuable assistance

+rendered us in verifying words and reporting new ones.</p>

+

+<p>We take this opportunity of acknowledging gratefully the

+assistance which we have throughout the compilation of this

+<cite>Glossary</cite> received from H. N. Goddard, Esq., of the Manor,

+Clyffe Pypard, to whose wide knowledge and long experience

+of Wiltshire words and ways we owe many valuable suggestions;

+from the Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer, D.D., who has taken

+much interest in the work, and to whose pen we owe many

+notes; from Professor Skeat, who kindly gave us permission

+to make use of his reprints; and last, but by no means least,

+from the Rev. A. L. Mayhew, who most kindly went through

+the whole MS., correcting minutely the etymologies suggested,

+and adding new matter in many places.</p>

+

+<p>In conclusion, we would say that we hope from time to

+time to publish further lists of <i>Addenda</i> in the <cite>Wilts Arch�ological

+Magazine</cite> or elsewhere, and that any additions and

+suggestions will always be very welcome, however brief they

+may be. The longest contributions are not always those of

+most value, and it has more than once happened that words

+and phrases of the greatest interest have occurred in a list

+whose brevity was its only fault.</p>

+

+

+<p><span class="indent1"><span class="smcap">George Edward Dartnell</span>,</span><br />

+<span class="indent2"><i>Abbottsfield, Stratford Road, Salisbury</i>.</span></p>

+

+<p><span class="indent1"><span class="smcap">Edward Hungerford Goddard</span>,</span><br />

+<span class="indent2"><i>The Vicarage, Clyffe Pypard, Wootton Bassett</i>.</span></p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[xi]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 center"><big>CONTENTS</big></p>

+

+

+<div class="center">

+<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" summary="Contents">

+<tr><td class="tdl">&nbsp;</td><td class="tdr">PAGE</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><a href="#INTRODUCTION"><span class="smcap">Introduction</span></a></td><td class="tdr">xiii-xix</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><a href="#A_LIST_OF_THE_PRINCIPAL_ABBREVIATIONS_USED"><span class="smcap">List of Abbreviations</span></a></td><td class="tdr">xx</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><a href="#WILTS_GLOSSARY"><span class="smcap">Glossary</span></a></td><td class="tdr">1-186</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><a href="#ADDENDA"><span class="smcap">Addenda to Glossary</span></a></td><td class="tdr">187-204</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><a href="#SPECIMENS_OF_DIALECT"><span class="smcap">Specimens of Dialect</span>:&mdash;</a></td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#LITTLE"><span class="smcap">Extracts from the Remains of William Little</span></a></td><td class="tdr">205-208</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#HARNET"><span class="smcap">The Harnet and the Bittle</span></a></td><td class="tdr">208-209</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#VARGESES"><span class="smcap">The Vargeses</span></a></td><td class="tdr">210</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#WIVES"><span class="smcap">Thomas's Wives</span></a></td><td class="tdr">210-211</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#MANSLAUGHTER"><span class="smcap">Manslaughter at 'Vize 'Sizes</span></a></td><td class="tdr">211</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#ETHERD"><span class="smcap">How our Etherd got the Pewresy</span></a></td><td class="tdr">211-212</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#GWOIN"><span class="smcap">Gwoin' raythur too vur wi' a Veyther</span></a></td><td class="tdr">212-213</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#NOTHEN"><span class="smcap">Nothen as I likes wusser</span></a></td><td class="tdr">213-214</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#PUTTEN"><span class="smcap">Putten' up th' Banns</span></a></td><td class="tdr">214</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#CANNINGS"><span class="smcap">The Cannings Vawk</span></a></td><td class="tdr">214-215</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#LUNNON"><span class="smcap">Lunnon avore any Wife</span></a></td><td class="tdr">215-216</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#KITCHEN"><span class="smcap">Kitchin' th' Influenzy</span></a></td><td class="tdr">216</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="smcap">Appendices</span>:&mdash;</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#APPENDIX_I">I.&mdash;<span class="smcap">Bibliography</span></a></td><td class="tdr">217-223</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#APPENDIX_II">II.&mdash;<span class="smcap">Cunnington MS.</span></a></td><td class="tdr">224-233</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdlp"><a href="#APPENDIX_III">III.&mdash;<span class="smcap">Monthly Magazine Word-List</span></a></td><td class="tdr">234-235</td></tr>

+</table></div>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[xii]</a></span></p>

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[xiii]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="INTRODUCTION" id="INTRODUCTION">INTRODUCTION</a></h2>

+

+

+<p>The following notes may perhaps serve to give some slight

+indication as to pronunciation, &amp;c., but without the aid of

+Glossic it is impossible accurately to reproduce the actual

+sounds.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>A</i> is usually lengthened out or broadened in some way or

+other.</p>

+

+<p>Thus in <i>hazon</i> and <i>haslet</i> it would be pronounced somewhat

+as in <i>baa</i>, this being no doubt what the <cite>Monthly Magazine</cite>

+means by saying that '<i>a</i> is always pronounced as <i>r</i>.'</p>

+

+<p>When <i>a</i> is immediately followed by <i>r</i>, as in <i>ha'sh</i>, harsh, and

+<i>paa'son</i>, parson, the result is that the <i>r</i> appears to be altogether

+dropped out of the word.</p>

+

+<p><i>Aw</i> final always becomes <i>aa</i>, as <i>laa</i>, law, <i>draa</i>, draw, <i>thaa</i>,

+thaw.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>saace</i>, sauce, <i>au</i> becomes <i>aa</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>A</i> is also broadened into <i>e�</i>.</p>

+

+<p>Thus <i>garden</i>, <i>gate</i>, and <i>name</i> become <i>ge�rden</i>, <i>ge�t</i>, and <i>ne�me</i>.</p>

+

+<p>These examples may, however, be also pronounced in other

+ways, even in the same sentence, as <i>garne</i>, <i>y&#259;t</i>, and <i>naayme</i>, or

+often <i>ne-um</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>A</i> is often softened in various ways.</p>

+

+<p>Thus, <i>thrash</i> becomes <i>draish</i>, and <i>wash</i>, <i>waish</i> or <i>weish</i>.</p>

+

+<p>It is often changed to <i>o</i>, as <i>zot</i>, sat, <i>ronk</i>, rank.</p>

+

+<p>Also to <i>e</i>, as <i>piller</i>, pillar, <i>refter</i>, rafter, <i>pert</i>, part.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[xiv]</a></span></p>

+

+<p>In <i>vur</i>, far, the sound is <i>u</i> rather than <i>e</i>.</p>

+

+<p>The North Wilts version of the <cite>Song of Solomon</cite> gives frequent

+examples of <i>oi</i> for <i>ai</i>, as <i>choir</i>, chair, <i>foir</i>, fair, <i>moyden</i>,

+maiden; but this is probably an imported letter-change, <i>chayer</i>

+or <i>chai-yer</i>, for instance, being nearer the true sound.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>E</i> is often broadened into <i>aa</i> or <i>aay</i>.</p>

+

+<p>Thus <i>they</i> gives us <i>thaay</i>, and <i>break</i>, <i>braayke</i>.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>marchant</i>, merchant, and <i>zartin</i>, certain, the sound given

+is as in <i>tar</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>Ei</i> takes the sound of <i>a</i> in <i>fate</i>, as <i>desave</i>, deceive.</p>

+

+<p><i>Left</i>, <i>smell</i>, and <i>kettle</i> become <i>lift</i>, <i>smill</i>, and <i>kiddle</i>.</p>

+

+<p>In South Wilts <i>&#277;</i> in such words as <i>egg</i> or <i>leg</i> becomes <i>a</i> or <i>ai</i>,

+giving us <i>aig</i> and <i>laig</i> or <i>l&#259;g</i>. Thus a Heytesbury Rosalind

+would render&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'O Jupiter, how weary are my legs!'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p>by 'O-my-poor-vit'n-laigs!' uttered all in one gasp. In

+N. Wilts the <i>e</i> in these words is not perceptibly so altered.</p>

+

+<p>The <i>&#277;</i> in such words as <i>linnet</i> usually takes the <i>u</i> sound,

+giving us <i>linnut</i>. In <i>yes</i> it is lengthened out into <i>eece</i> in

+S. Wilts, and in N. Wilts into <i>cez</i>.</p>

+

+<p>Long <i>e</i> or <i>ee</i> is shortened into <i>i</i>, as <i>ship</i>, sheep, <i>kippur</i>, keeper,

+<i>wick</i>, week, <i>fit</i>, <i>vit</i>, feet, the latter word sometimes being also

+pronounced as <i>ve-ut</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>Heat</i> becomes <i>het</i>, and <i>heater</i> (a flat-iron), <i>hetter</i>; while <i>hear</i> is

+usually <i>hire</i> in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>I</i> short becomes <i>e</i>, as <i>breng</i>, bring, <i>drenk</i>, drink, <i>zet</i>, sit, <i>pegs</i>,

+pigs.</p>

+

+<p>Occasionally it is lengthened into <i>ee</i>, as <i>leetle</i>, little.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>hit</i> (<i>pret.</i>) and <i>if</i> it usually takes the sound of <i>u</i>, as <i>hut</i>

+and <i>uf</i> or <i>uv</i>; but <i>hit</i> in the present tense is <i>het</i>, and <i>if</i> is often

+sounded as <i>ef</i> in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p>At the beginning of a word, <i>im</i>, <i>in</i>, and <i>un</i> usually become

+<i>on</i>, as <i>onpossible</i>, <i>ondacent</i>, <i>oncommon</i>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xv" id="Page_xv">[xv]</a></span></p>

+

+<p>In present participles the sound given varies between <i>un'</i>,

+<i>en'</i>, and <i>in'</i>, the <i>g</i> almost invariably being dropped.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>O</i> very commonly becomes <i>a</i>, as <i>archet</i>, orchard, <i>tharn</i>, thorn,

+<i>vant</i>, font, <i>vram</i>, from, <i>carn</i>, corn.</p>

+

+<p>Quite as commonly it takes the <i>au</i> or <i>aw</i> sound, as <i>hawp</i>,

+hope, <i>aupen</i>, open, <i>cawls</i>, coals, <i>hawle</i>, hole, <i>smawk</i>, smoke.</p>

+

+<p>In such words as <i>cold</i> and <i>four</i>, the sound is <i>ow</i> rather than

+<i>aw</i>, thus giving us <i>cowld</i> and <i>vower</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>Moss</i> in S. Wilts sometimes takes the long <i>e</i>, becoming <i>m&#275;sh</i>,

+while in N. Wilts it would merely be <i>mawss</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>Know</i> becomes either <i>knaw</i> or <i>kneow</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>O</i> is often sounded <i>oo</i>, as <i>goold</i>, gold, <i>cwoort</i>, court, <i>mwoor'n</i>

+or <i>moor'n</i>, more than, <i>poorch</i>, porch.</p>

+

+<p><i>Oo</i> is sometimes shortened into <i>&#365;</i>, as <i>shut</i>, shoot, <i>sut</i>, soot,

+<i>tuk</i>, took.</p>

+

+<p>Very commonly the sound given to <i>&#333;</i> is <i>wo</i> or <i>wo�</i>. Thus

+we get <i>twoad</i>, toad (sometimes <i>twoad</i>), <i>pwoast</i>, post, <i>bwoy</i>, boy,

+<i>rwo�s</i>, a rose, <i>bwo�n</i>, bone, <i>spwoke</i> (but more usually <i>spawk</i> in

+N. Wilts), spoke.</p>

+

+<p><i>Oa</i> at the beginning of a word becomes <i>wu</i>, as <i>wuts</i>, oats.</p>

+

+<p><i>Oi</i> in <i>noise</i> and <i>rejoice</i> is sounded as <i>ai</i>.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>ointment</i> and <i>spoil</i> it becomes <i>&#299;</i> or <i>w&#299;</i>, giving <i>intment</i> and

+<i>spile</i> or <i>spwile</i>.</p>

+

+<p><i>Ow</i> takes the sound of <i>er</i> or <i>y</i>, in some form or other, as

+<i>vollur</i> and <i>volly</i>, to follow, <i>winder</i> and <i>windy</i>, a window.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>U</i> in such words as <i>fusty</i> and <i>dust</i> becomes <i>ow</i>, as <i>fowsty</i>,

+<i>dowst</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>D</i> when <ins title="Note: original shows 'followed'">preceded</ins> by a liquid is often dropped, as <i>veel'</i>, field,

+<i>vine</i>, to find, <i>dreshol</i>, threshold, <i>groun'</i>, ground.</p>

+

+<p>Conversely, it is added to such words as <i>miller</i>, <i>gown</i>, <i>swoon</i>,

+which become <i>millard</i>, <i>gownd</i>, and <i>zownd</i>.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>orchard</i> and <i>Richard</i> the <i>d</i> becomes <i>t</i>, giving us <i>archet</i><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvi" id="Page_xvi">[xvi]</a></span>

+and <i>Richut</i> or <i>Rich't</i>; while occasionally <i>t</i> becomes <i>d</i>, <i>linnet</i>

+being formerly (but not now) thus pronounced as <i>linnard</i>

+in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p><i>D</i> is dropped when it follows <i>n</i>, in such cases as <i>Swinnun</i>,

+Swindon, <i>Lunnon</i>, London.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>Su</i> sometimes becomes <i>Shu</i>, as <i>Shusan</i>, Susan, <i>shoot</i>, suit,

+<i>shewut</i>, suet, <i>shower</i>, sure, <i>Shukey</i>, Sukey.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>Y</i> is used as an aspirate in <i>yacker</i>, acre, <i>yarm</i>, arm, <i>yeppern</i>,

+apron, <i>yerriwig</i>, earwig. It takes the place of <i>h</i> in <i>ye�d</i>, head,

+<i>yeldin</i>, a hilding; and of <i>g</i> in <i>yeat</i> or <i>yat</i>, a gate.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Consonants are often substituted, <i>chimney</i> becoming <i>chimbley</i>

+or <i>chimley</i>, <i>parsnip</i>, <i>pasmet</i>, and <i>turnip</i>, <i>turmut</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Transpositions are very common, many of them of course

+representing the older form of a word. For examples we may

+take <i>ax</i>, to ask, <i>apern</i>, apron, <i>girt</i>, great, <i>wopse</i>, wasp, <i>aps</i>, the

+aspen, <i>claps</i>, to clasp, <i>cruds</i>, curds, <i>childern</i>, children.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>F</i> almost invariably becomes <i>v</i>, as <i>vlower</i>, flower, <i>vox</i>, fox,

+<i>vur</i>, far, <i>vall</i>, fall, <i>vlick</i>, flick, <i>vant</i>, font.</p>

+

+<p>In such words as <i>afterclaps</i> and <i>afternoon</i> it is not sounded

+at all.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>L</i> is not sounded in such words as <i>amwoast</i>, almost, and

+<i>a'mighty</i>, almighty.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>N</i> final is occasionally dropped, as <i>lime-kill</i>, lime-kiln.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>P</i>, <i>F</i>, <i>V</i>, and <i>B</i> are frequently interchanged, <i>brevet</i> and <i>privet</i>

+being forms of the same word, while to <i>bag</i> peas becomes <i>fag</i>

+or <i>vag</i> when applied to wheat.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>R</i> is slurred over in many cases, as <i>e'ath</i>, earth, <i>foc'd</i>, forced,

+<i>ma'sh</i>, marsh, <i>vwo'th</i>, forth.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvii" id="Page_xvii">[xvii]</a></span></p>

+

+<p>It often assumes an excrescent <i>d</i> or <i>t</i>, as <i>cavaltry</i>, horsemen,

+<i>crockerty</i>, crockery, <i>scholard</i>, scholar.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>H</i> has the sound of <i>wh</i> in <i>whoam</i>, home. This word,

+however, as Mr. Slow points out in the Preface to his

+Glossary&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p><i>Bob.</i> Drat if I dwon't goo <i>wom</i> to marrer.</p>

+

+<p><i>Zam.</i> Wat's evir waant ta go <i>wimm</i> var.</p>

+

+<p><i>Bob.</i> Why, they tell's I as ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd

+<i>whoam</i> to Jim Spritely on Zundy.&mdash;</p></blockquote>

+

+<p>is variously pronounced as <i>wom</i>, <i>wimm</i>, and <i>whoam</i>, even in the

+same village.</p>

+

+<p>As stated at page 72, the cockney misuse of <i>h</i> is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. It was virtually unknown sixty or

+seventy years ago, and even so late as thirty years back was

+still unusual in our villages. <i>Hunked</i> for <i>unked</i> is almost the

+only instance to be found in Akerman, for instance. But the

+plague is already fast spreading, and we fear that the Catullus

+of the next generation will have to liken the Hodge of his day

+to the Arrius (the Roman 'Arry) of old:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">C<i>h</i>ommoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Dicere, et <i>h</i>insidias Arrius insidias ...<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Ionios fluctus, postquam illuc Arrius isset,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Iam non Ionios esse, sed <i>H</i>ionios.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p>Touching this point the Rev. G. Hill writes us from Harnham

+Vicarage as follows:&mdash;'I should like to bear out what you

+say with regard to the use of the letter <i>h</i> in South-West Wilts.

+When I lived in these parts twenty years ago, its omission was

+not I think frequent. The putting it where it ought not to

+be did not I think exist. I find now that the <i>h</i> is invariably

+dropped, and occasionally added, the latter habit being that of

+the better educated.'</p>

+

+<p><i>H</i> becomes <i>y</i> in <i>ye�d</i>, head.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>K</i> is often converted into <i>t</i>, as <i>ast</i>, to ask, <i>mast</i>, a mask, <i>bleat</i>,

+bleak.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xviii" id="Page_xviii">[xviii]</a></span></p>

+

+<p><i>T</i> is conversely often replaced by <i>k</i>, as <i>masking</i>, acorn-gathering,

+from 'mast,' while sleet becomes <i>sleek</i>, and pant,

+<i>pank</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>S</i> usually takes the sound of <i>z</i>, as <i>zee</i>, to see, <i>zaa</i>, a saw,

+<i>zowl</i>, soul, <i>zaat</i> or <i>zate</i>, soft, <i>zider</i>, cider, <i>zound</i>, to swoon.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>Thr</i> usually becomes <i>dr</i>, as <i>dree</i>, three, <i>droo</i>, through, <i>draish</i>,

+to thrash.</p>

+

+<p>In <i>afurst</i>, athirst, and <i>fust</i>, thirst, we still retain a very

+ancient characteristic of Southern English.</p>

+

+<p><i>T</i> is always dropped in such words as <i>kept</i> and <i>slept</i>, which

+become <i>kep'</i> and <i>slep'</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Liquids sometimes drop the next letter, as <i>kill</i>, kiln; but

+more usually take an excrescent <i>t</i> or <i>d</i>, as <i>varmint</i>, vermin,

+<i>steart</i>, a steer, <i>gownd</i>, gown.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>W</i> as an initial is generally dropped in N. Wilts in such

+cases as <i>'oont</i>, a want or mole, <i>'ooman</i>, woman, <i>'ood</i>, wood.</p>

+

+<p>Occasionally in S. Wilts it takes the aspirate, <i>'ood</i> being

+then <i>hood</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Final <i>g</i> is always dropped in the present participle, as <i>singin'</i>,

+<i>livin'</i>, living; also in nouns of more than one syllable which end

+in <i>ing</i>. It is, however, retained in monosyllabic nouns and

+verbs, such as <i>ring</i> and <i>sing</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>Pre</i> becomes <i>pur</i>, as <i>purtend</i>, pretend, <i>purserve</i>, preserve.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Sometimes a monosyllabic word will be pronounced as a

+dissyllable, as we have already mentioned, <i>ne-um</i>, <i>ve-ut</i>, <i>ve-us</i>,

+and <i>ke-up</i> being used concurrently with <i>naayme</i>, <i>vit</i> or <i>fit</i>, <i>ve�ce</i>,

+and <i>kip</i> or <i>keep</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>The prefix <i>a</i> is always used with the present participle, as

+<i>a-gwain'</i>, going, <i>a-zettin' up</i>, sitting up.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xix" id="Page_xix">[xix]</a></span></p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>The article <i>an</i> is never used, a doing duty on all occasions,

+as 'Gie I a apple, veyther.'</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Plurals will be found to be dealt with in the <cite>Glossary</cite> itself,

+under <i>En</i> and <i>Plurals</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Pronouns will also be found grouped together under

+<i>Pronouns</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p><i>As</i> is used for <i>who</i>, <i>which</i>, and <i>that</i>.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Active verbs govern the nominative case.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>Verbs do not agree with their nominative, either in number

+or person.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>The periphrastic tenses are often used in S. Wilts, as 'I do

+mind un,' but in N. Wilts the rule is to employ the simple

+tenses instead, merely altering the person, as 'I minds un.' In

+S. Wilts you might also say 'It be a vine night,' whereas in

+N. Wilts ''Tes a vine night' would be more correct.</p>

+

+<hr class="r15" />

+

+<p>In conclusion we would mention that we hope in the course

+of the next year or two to be able to deal with the grammatical

+and phonological sides of our Dialect in a somewhat more

+adequate manner than it has been possible to do on the

+present occasion.</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xx" id="Page_xx">[xx]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<h2><a name="A_LIST_OF_THE_PRINCIPAL_ABBREVIATIONS_USED" id="A_LIST_OF_THE_PRINCIPAL_ABBREVIATIONS_USED">A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS USED.</a></h2>

+

+<p class="center">[For full titles of works see Appendix.]</p>

+

+

+<div class="center">

+<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary="Abbreviations">

+<tr><td class="tdl">(A.)</td><td class="tdc" colspan="2">Words given for Wilts in</td><td class="tdl">Akerman.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(B.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Britton.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(C.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Cunnington MS.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(D.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Davis.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(G.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Grose.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(H.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Halliwell.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(K.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Kennett.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(M.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Monthly Magazine.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(S.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Slow.</td></tr>

+<tr><td class="tdl">(Wr.)</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdc">"</td><td class="tdl">Wright.</td></tr>

+</table></div>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">N. &amp; S.W. North and South Wilts, the place-names following

+being those of localities where the word is reported as

+being in use.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">* An asterisk denotes that the word against which it is

+placed has not as yet been met with by ourselves in this

+county, although given by some authority or other as

+used in Wilts.</p></blockquote>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<h2><a name="WILTS_GLOSSARY" id="WILTS_GLOSSARY">WILTS GLOSSARY</a></h2>

+

+

+<p class="hang"><b>A</b>. He; she. See <small>Pronouns</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>A</b>, pl. <b>As</b> or <b>Ais</b>. <i>n.</i> A harrow or drag (D.); probably from

+A.S. <i>egethe</i>, M.E. <i>eythe</i>, a harrow (Skeat).&mdash;S.W., obsolete.

+This term for a harrow was still occasionally to

+be heard some thirty years ago, in both Somerset and

+Wilts, but is now disused. Davis derives it from the

+triangular shape of the drag, resembling the letter A.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>A-Drag</b>. A large heavy kind of drag (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>). Still

+used in South Wilts for harrowing turnips before the hoers

+go in.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Abear</b>. To bear, to endure (S.). 'I can't abear to see the

+poor theng killed.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Abide</b>. To bear, to endure. 'I can't abide un nohow.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>About</b>. (1) <i>adv.</i> Extremely. Used to emphasize a statement,

+as ''T'wer just about cold s'marnin'.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) At one's ordinary work again, after an illness. 'My

+missus were bad aal last wick wi' rheumatiz, but she be

+about agen now.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Acksen</b>. See <small>Axen</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Adder's-tongue</b>. <i>Listera ovata</i>, Br., Twayblade.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Adderwort</b>. <i>Polygonum Bistorta</i>, L., Bistort.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury,

+&amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Afeard</b>, <b>Aveard</b>. Afraid (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Agalds</b>. Hawthorn berries. (<cite>English Plant Names.</cite>) <i>Aggles</i>

+in Devon.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Agg</b>. (1) To hack or cut clumsily (A.B.H.S.Wr.); also

+<small>Aggle</small> and <small>Haggle</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) To irritate, to provoke.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ahmoo</b>. A cow; used by mothers to children, as 'Look at

+they pretty ahmoos a-comin'!'&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ailes</b>, <b>Eyles</b>, <b>Iles</b>, &amp;c. The awns of barley (D.); cf. A.S. <i>egle</i>,

+an ear of corn, M.E. <i>eile</i>. Hail in <cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. i.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Aisles of wheat</b>. See <small>Hyle</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All-a-hoh</b>. All awry (A.B.C.H.Wr.); also <small>All-a-huh</small>. Unevenly

+balanced, lop-sided. A.S. <i>aw�h</i>. 'That load o' carn

+be aal-a-hoh.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All-amang</b>, <b>Allemang</b>, <b>All-o-mong</b>. Mingled together, as when

+two flocks of sheep are accidentally driven together and

+mixed up (A.B.G.H.S.Wr.). Seldom heard now.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All one as</b>. Just like. 'I be 'tirely blowed up all one as

+a drum.'&mdash;N.W. Compare&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">''Twere all as one to fix our hopes on Heaven<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">As on this vision of the golden year.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Tennyson.</span><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All one for that</b>. For all that, notwithstanding, in spite of,

+as 'It medn't be true all one for that.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Aloud</b>. 'That there meat stinks aloud,' smells very bad.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>A-masked</b>. Bewildered, lost (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite>, in a letter

+dated 1697: H.Wr.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="center">

+'Leaving him more masked than he was before.'</p>

+

+<p class="signature"><span class="smcap">Fuller</span>'s <cite>Holy War</cite>, iii. 2.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ame�d</b>. Aftermath. See note to Yeomath.&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Anan</b>, <b>'Nan</b>. What do you say? (A.B.); used by a labourer

+who does not quite comprehend his master's orders. <b>'Nan</b>

+(A.B.) is still occasionally used in N. Wilts, but it is almost

+obsolete.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Anbye</b>. <i>adv.</i> Some time hence, presently, at some future

+time. 'I be main busy now, but I'll do't anbye.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Anchor</b>. The chape of a buckle (A.B.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>And that</b>. And all that sort of thing, and so forth. 'Well,

+he <em>do</em> have a drop tide-times and that.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Aneoust</b>, <b>Aneust</b>, <b>Anoust</b>, <b>Neust</b>, or <b>Noust</b>. Nearly, about

+the same (A.B.G.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Anighst</b>. Near (A.S.). 'Nobody's bin anighst us since you

+come.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Anneal</b>. A thoroughly heated oven, just fit for the batch

+of bread to be put in, is said to be nealded, i.e. annealed.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Anoint</b>, <b>'Nint</b> (i long). To beat soundly. 'I'll 'nint ye when

+I gets home!' See <small>Nineter</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Anont</b>, <b>Anunt</b>. Against, opposite (A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Any more than</b>. Except, although, only. 'He's sure to come

+any more than he might be a bit late.' Usually contracted

+into <small>Moor'n</small> in N. Wilts.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Apple-bout</b>. An apple-dumpling. (Cf. <small>Hop-about</small>.)&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Apple-owling</b>. Knocking down the small worthless fruit,

+or 'griggles,' left on the trees after the apple crop has been

+gathered in. See <small>Howlers</small>, <small>Owlers</small>, and <small>Owling</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Aps</b>. <i>Populus tremula</i>, L., Aspen; always so called by woodmen.

+This is the oldest form of the word, being from A.S.

+<i>�ps</i>, and is in use throughout the south and west of England.

+In <cite>Round About a Great Estate</cite>, ch. i. it is misprinted <i>asp</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Arg</b>. To argue, with a very strong sense of contradiction

+implied (S.). 'Dwoan't 'ee arg at I like that! I tell 'ee I

+zeed 'un!' See <small>Down-arg</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Arms</b>. 'The arms of a waggon,' such parts of the axle-tree

+as go into the wheels (<cite>Cycl. of Agric.</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Arra</b>, <b>Arra one</b>, <b>Arn</b>. See <small>Pronouns</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Array</b>, <b>'Ray</b>. To dress and clean corn with a sieve (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Arsmart</b>. <i>Polygonum Hydropiper</i>, L., and <i>P. Persicaria</i>, L.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ashore</b>, <b>Ashar</b>, <b>Ashard</b>. Ajar. 'Put the door ashard when

+you goes out.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ashweed</b>. <i>Aegopodium Podagraria</i>, L., Goutweed.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Astore</b>. An expletive, as 'she's gone into the street <i>astore</i>'

+(H.). Perhaps connected with <i>astoor</i>, very soon, Berks, or

+<i>astore</i>, Hants:&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="center">

+'The duck's [dusk] coming on; I'll be off in <i>astore</i>.'<br />

+</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<cite>A Dream of the Isle of Wight.</cite><br />

+</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">It might then mean either 'this moment' or 'for a moment.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>At</b>. (1) 'At twice,' at two separate times. 'We'll ha' to

+vetch un at twice now.'&mdash;N.W. (2) 'Up at hill,' uphill.

+'Th' rwoad be all up at hill.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Athin</b>. Within (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Athout</b>. Without; outside (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Attercop</b>. A spider. A.S. <i>atter-coppa</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Monkton

+Farleigh), still in use. Mr. Willis mentions that <i>Edderkop</i>

+is still to be heard in Denmark.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Attery</b>. Irascible (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Away with</b>. Endure. This Biblical expression is still commonly

+used in Wilts. 'Her's that weak her can't away

+with the childern at no rate!'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ax</b>. To ask (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Axen</b>. Ashes (A.B.); <b>Acksen</b> (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite>: G.H.Wr.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Babies'-shoes</b>. <i>Ajuga reptans</i>, L., Common Bugle.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bachelor's Buttons</b>. (1) Wild Scabious (A.B.), <i>Scabiosa

+arvensis</i>, L., <i>S. Columbaria</i>, L., and perhaps <i>S. succisa</i>, L.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>Corchorus Japonica</i> (<i>Kerria Japonica</i>, L.).&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Back-friends</b>. Bits of skin fretted up at the base of the

+finger-nails.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Backheave</b>. To winnow a second time (D.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Backside</b>. The back-yard of a house (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.,

+now obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Backsword</b>. A kind of single-stick play (A.H.Wr.). Obsolete,

+the game being only remembered by the very old men.

+For an account of it see <cite>The Scouring of the White Horse</cite>,

+ch. vi.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bacon</b>. To 'strick bacon,' to cut a mark on the ice in sliding;

+cf. to strike a 'candle.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bacon-and-Eggs</b>. <i>Linaria vulgaris</i>, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.

+Also called Eggs-and-Bacon.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bad, Bod</b>. To strip walnuts of their husks (A.B.H.Wr.);

+cf. E. <i>pod</i>.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Badge</b>. <i>v.</i> To deal in corn, &amp;c. See <small>Badger</small>.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1576. Md. that I take order of the Badgers that they do name the

+places where the Badgers do use to badge before they resieve their

+lycens.... Md. to make pces [process] against all the Badgers that

+doe badge without licence.'&mdash;Extracts from Records of Wilts Quarter

+Sessions, <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xx. 327.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Badger</b>. A corn-dealer (A.B.); used frequently in old accounts

+in N. Wilts, but now obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1620. Itm for stayeinge Badgers &amp; keepinge a note of there names

+viijd.'&mdash;F. H. Goldney, <cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, p. 202.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Compare <i>bodger</i>, a travelling dealer (Harrison's <cite>Description of

+England</cite>, 1577), and <i>bogging</i>, peddling, in Murray. (Smythe-Palmer).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bag</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To cut peas with a double-handed hook. Cf. <small>Vag</small>.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They cannot mow it with a sythe, but they cutt it with such a

+hooke as they bagge pease with.'&mdash;Aubrey, <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 51, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> The udder of a cow (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bake, Beak</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To chop up with a mattock the rough

+surface of land that is to be reclaimed, afterwards burning

+the parings (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii). See <small>Burn-beak</small>.

+*(2) <i>n.</i> The curved cutting mattock used in 'beaking' (<i>Ibid.</i>

+ch. xii). (3) <i>n.</i> The ploughed land lying on the plat of the

+downs near Heytesbury, in Norton Bavant parish, is usually

+known as the <small>Be�k</small>, or <small>Bake</small>, probably from having been thus

+reclaimed. In the Deverills parts of many of the down

+farms are known as the <small>Bake</small>, or, more usually, the <small>Burn-bake</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bake-faggot</b>. A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning,

+covered with 'flare.' See <small>Faggot</small> (2).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ballarag, Bullyrag</b>. To abuse or scold at any one (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Balm of Gilead</b>. <i>Melittis Melissophyllum</i>, L., Wild Balm.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bams</b>. Rough gaiters of pieces of cloth wound about the legs,

+much used by shepherds and others exposed to cold weather.

+Cf. <small>Vamplets</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The old man ... had bams on his legs and a sack fastened over

+his shoulders like a shawl.'&mdash;<cite>The Story of Dick</cite>, ch. xii. p. 141.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bandy</b>. (1) A species of Hockey, played with <i>bandy sticks</i>

+and a ball or piece of wood.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) A crooked

+stick (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bane</b>. Sheep-rot (D.). <small>Baned.</small> Of sheep, afflicted with rot

+(A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bang-tail</b>, or <b>Red Fiery Bang-tail</b>. <i>Phoenicurus ruticilla</i>, the

+Redstart.&mdash;N.W. (Wroughton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bannet-hay</b>. A rick-yard (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bannis</b>. <i>Gasterosteus trachurus</i>, the Common Stickleback

+(A.B.H.Wr.). Also <small>Bannistickle</small> (A.B.), <small>Bantickle</small> (A.Wr.),

+and *<small>Bramstickle</small> (S.). 'Asperagus (<i>quoedam piscis</i>) a ban-stykyll.'&mdash;<cite>Ortus

+Vocab.</cite> A.S. <i>b�n</i>, bone, and <i>sticels</i>, prickle.

+(See N.E.D.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bannut</b>. Fruit of <i>Juglans regia</i>, L., the Walnut (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bantickle</b>. See <small>Bannis</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Barber's Brushes</b>. <i>Dipsacus sylvestris</i>, L., Wild Teasel

+(Flower's <cite>Flora of Wilts</cite>). Also Brushes.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bargain</b>. A small landed property or holding. 'They have

+always been connected with that little bargain of land.'&mdash;N.W.,

+still in use. Sir W. H. Cope, in his <cite>Hants Glossary</cite>,

+gives '<i>Bargan</i>, a small property; a house and garden;

+a small piece of land,' as used in N. Hants.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barge</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The gable of a house. Compare architectural

+<i>Barge-boards</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) <i>v.</i> Before a

+hedge can be 'laid,' all its side, as well as the rough thorns,

+brambles, &amp;c., growing in the ditch, must be cut off. This

+is called 'barging out' the ditch.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barge-hook</b>. The iron hook used by thatchers to fasten the

+straw to the woodwork of the gable.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barge-knife</b>. The knife used by thatchers in trimming off

+the straw round the eaves of the gable.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bargin</b>. The overgrowth of a hedge, trimmed off before 'laying.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barken</b>. The enclosed yard near a farm-house (A.B.); <small>Rick-Barken</small>,

+a rick-yard (A.), also used without prefix in this

+sense (<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 121).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Barken, or Bercen, now commonly used for a yard or backside in

+Wilts ... first signified the small croft or close where the sheep were

+brought up at night, and secured from danger of the open fields.'&mdash;Kennett's

+<cite>Parochial Antiquities</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2"><small>Barton</small> was formerly in very common use, but has now been

+displaced by <i>Yard</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Barley-bigg</b>. A variety of barley (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>,

+p. 304).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Barley-Sower</b>. <i>Larus canus</i>, the Common Gull (<cite>Birds of

+Wilts</cite>, p. 534).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barm</b>. The usual Wilts term for yeast (A.B.M.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Barn-barley</b>. Barley which has never been in rick, but has

+been kept under cover from the first, and is therefore perfectly

+dry and of high value for malting purposes (<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. viii. p. 152).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Basket</b>. In some parts of S. Wilts potatoes are sold by the

+'basket,' or three-peck measure, instead of by the 'sack' or

+the 'bag.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Baskets</b>. <i>Plantago lanceolata</i>, L., Ribwort Plantain.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bat-folding net</b>. The net used in 'bird-batting,' q.v. (A.):

+more usually 'clap-net.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bat-mouse</b>. The usual N. Wilts term for a bat.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Batt</b>. A thin kind of oven-cake, about as thick as a tea-cake,

+but mostly crust.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Battledore-barley</b>. A flat-eared variety of barley (Aubrey's

+<cite>Wilts MS.</cite>, p. 304: H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Baulk</b>. (1) <small>Corn-baulk.</small> When a 'land' has been accidentally

+passed over in sowing, the bare space is a 'baulk,'

+and is considered as a presage of some misfortune.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) A line of turf dividing a field.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one another,

+not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a foot or so wide,

+which they call "balks" or "meres."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xvii. 294.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bavin</b>. An untrimmed brushwood faggot (A.B.S.): the long

+ragged faggot with two withes, used for fencing in the sides

+of sheds and yards; sometimes also applied to the ordinary

+faggot with one withe or band.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bawsy</b>, <b>Borsy</b>, or <b>Bozzy</b>. Coarse, as applied to the fibre of

+cloth or wool. 'Bozzy-faced cloth bain't good enough vor I.'&mdash;S.W.

+(Trowbridge, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bay</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A dam across a stream or ditch.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> 'To bay back water,' to dam it back.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>n.</i> The space between beam and beam in a barn or

+cows' stalls.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Beads</b>. <i>Sagina procumbens</i>, L., Pearlwort.&mdash;N.W. (Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Beak</b>. See <small>Bake</small> and <small>Burn-bake</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bearsfoot</b>. Hellebore.&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Beat</b>. 'To beat clots,' to break up the hard dry lumps of old

+cow-dung lying about in a pasture.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Becall</b>. To abuse, to call names. 'Her do becall I shameful.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bed-summers</b>. See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bedwind</b>, <b>Bedwine</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bee-flower</b>. <i>Ophrys apifera</i>, Huds., Bee Orchis.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bee-pot</b>. A bee-hive.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Lore ta zee zom on'ms hair,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Like girt bee pots a hanging there.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Slow's</span> <cite>Poems</cite>, p. 43.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Been</b>, <b>Bin</b>. Because, since; a corruption of <i>being</i> (B.S.). 'Bin

+as he don't go, I won't.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bees</b>. A hive is a <small>Bee-pot</small>. <small>Bee-flowers</small> are those purposely

+grown near an apiary, as sources of honey. Of swarms, only

+the first is a <small>Swarm</small>, the second being a <small>Smart</small>, and the third

+a <small>Chit</small>. To follow a swarm, beating a tin pan, is <small>Ringing</small>

+or <small>Tanging</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Beet</b>. To make up a fire (A.B.C.G.). A.S. <i>b�tan</i>, to better;

+to mend a fire (Skeat).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Beetle</b>. (1) The heavy double-handed wooden mallet used in

+driving in posts, wedges, &amp;c. <small>Bittle</small> (A.H.). <small>Bwytle</small> (S.).

+Also <small>Bwoitle</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'On another [occasion] (2nd July, 25 Hen. VIII) ... William

+Seyman was surety ... for the re-delivery of the tools, "cuncta

+instrumenta videlicet Beetyll, Ax, Matock, and Showlys."'&mdash;<cite>Stray

+Notes from the Marlborough Court Books</cite>, <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xix. 78.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) The small mallet with which thatchers drive home their

+'spars.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Beggar-weed</b>. <i>Cuscuta Trifolii</i>, Bab., Dodder; from its

+destructiveness to clover, &amp;c. (<cite>English Plant Names</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bellock</b>. (1) To cry like a beaten or frightened child (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.,

+rarely. (2) To complain, to grumble (<cite>Dark</cite>, ch.

+x.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Belly vengeance</b>. Very small and bad beer.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Beer of the <em>very smallest</em> description, real "belly vengeance."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 40.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Cf.:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I thought you wouldn't appreciate the widow's tap.... Regular

+whistle-belly vengeance, and no mistake!'&mdash;<cite>Tom Brown at Oxford</cite>, xl.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Belt</b>. To trim away the dirty wool from a sheep's hind-quarters.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bennet</b>. <i>v.</i> Of wood-pigeons, to feed on bennets (A.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They have an old rhyme in Wiltshire&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">"Pigeons never know no woe<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Till they a-benetting do go;"<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p>meaning that pigeons at this time are compelled to feed on the seed

+of the bent, the stubbles being cleared, and the crops not ripe.'&mdash;<cite>Akerman.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bennets</b>, <b>Bents</b>. (1) Long coarse grass or rushes (B.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) Seed-stalks of various grasses (A.); used of both

+withered stalks of coarse grasses and growing heads of cat's-tail,

+&amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) Seed-heads of Plantain, <i>Plantago

+major</i>, L., and <i>P. lanceolata</i>, L.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bents</b>. See <small>Bennets</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bercen</b> (<i>c</i> hard). See <small>Barken</small>. 'This form of the word is given

+in <cite>MS. Gough</cite>, <i>Wilts</i>, 5, as current in Wilts' (H.K.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Berry</b>. The grain of wheat (D.); as 'There's a very good berry

+to-year,' or 'The wheat's well-berried,' or the reverse. See

+<cite>Old Country Words</cite>, ii. and v.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Berry-moucher</b>. (1) A truant. See <small>Blackberry-moucher</small>

+and <small>Moucher</small> (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Fruit of <i>Rubus fruticosus</i>,

+L., Blackberry. See <small>Moochers</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)

+Originally applied to children who went mouching from

+school in blackberry season, and widely used in this sense,

+but at Huish&mdash;and occasionally elsewhere&mdash;virtually confined

+to the berries themselves: often corrupted into <small>Penny-moucher</small>

+or <small>Perry-moucher</small> by children. In <cite>English Plant

+Names</cite> Mochars, <cite>Glouc.</cite>, and Mushes, <cite>Dev.</cite>, are quoted as

+being similarly applied to the fruit, which is also known as

+Mooches in the Forest of Dean. See Hal., sub. <cite>Mich.</cite></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Besepts</b>. Except.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've a-got narra

+'nother 'gin Zunday besepts this!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 138.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Besom</b>, <b>Beesom</b>, <b>Bissom</b>, &amp;c. A birch broom (A.B.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Betwit</b>. To upbraid (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bide</b>. (1) To stay, remain (A.S.). 'Bide still, will 'ee.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) To dwell (A.). 'Where do 'ee bide now,

+Bill?' 'Most-in-general at 'Vize.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bill Button</b>. <i>Geum rivale</i>, L., Water Avens.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bin</b>. See <small>Been</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird-batting</b>. Netting birds at night with a 'bat-folding' or

+clap-net (A.B., Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 15, ed. Brit.).

+Bird-battenen (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird's-eye</b>. (1) <i>Veronica Chamaedrys</i>, L., Germander Speedwell.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Anagallis arvensis</i>, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.&mdash;S.W. (3) <i>Veronica officinalis</i>, L., Common

+Speedwell.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird's-nest</b>. The seed-head of Daucus Carota, L., Wild Carrot.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The flower of the wild carrot gathers together as the seeds mature,

+and forms a framework cup at the top of the stalk, like a bird's-nest.

+These "bird's-nests," brown and weather-beaten, endured far into the

+winter.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. vii. p. 137.</p>

+

+<p>'The whole tuft is drawn together when the seed is ripe, resembling

+a bird's nest.'&mdash;<cite>Gerarde.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird-seed</b>. Seed-heads of Plantain.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird-squoilin</b>. See <small>Squail</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird-starving</b>. Bird-keeping.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This we call bird-keeping, but the lads themselves, with an appreciation

+of the other side of the case, call it "bird-starving."'&mdash;<cite>Village

+Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Birds'-wedding-day</b>. St. Valentine's Day.&mdash;S.W. (Bishopstone.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bishop-wort</b>. <i>Mentha aquatica</i>, L., Hairy Mint.&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bissom</b>. See <small>Besom</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bittish</b>. <i>adj.</i> Somewhat. ''Twer a bittish cowld isterday.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bittle</b>. See <small>Beetle</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Biver</b>. To tremble, quiver, shiver as with a cold or fright (S.).

+Cp. A.S. <i>bifian</i>, to tremble.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager! How

+a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 55.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bivery</b>. <i>adj.</i> Shivery, tremulous. When a baby is just on

+the verge of crying, its lip quivers and is 'bivery.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blackberry-moucher</b>. (1) A truant from school in the

+blackberry season (H.). See <small>Berry-moucher, Mouch</small>, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A blackberry moucher, an egregious truant.'&mdash;<cite>Dean Milles' MS.</cite>,

+p. 180.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Hence, the fruit of <i>Rubus fruticosus</i>, L., Blackberry.

+See <small>Berry-moucher, Moochers</small>, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Blackberry-token</b>. <i>Rubus caesius</i>, L., Dewberry (<cite>English

+Plant Names</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Black-Bess</b>. See <small>Black-Bob</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Black-Bob</b>. A cockroach (S.). <small>Black-Bess</small> on Berks border.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Black-boys</b>. (1) Flower-heads of Plantain.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)

+(2) <i>Typha latifolia</i>, L., Great Reedmace.&mdash;N.W. (Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Black Couch</b>. A form of <i>Agrostis</i> that has small wiry

+blackish roots (D). <i>Agrostis stolonifera.</i></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Black Sally</b>. <i>Salix Caprea</i>, L., Great Round-leaved Sallow,

+from its dark bark (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iv). Clothes-pegs

+are made from its wood.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Black Woodpecker</b>. <i>Picus major</i>, Great Spotted Woodpecker

+(<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 253). Also known as the Gray Woodpecker.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blades</b>. The shafts of a waggon (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blare, Blur</b>. To shout or roar out loudly (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blatch</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Black, sooty (A.B.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i>

+Smut, soot. 'Thuc pot be ael over blatch.'&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>v.</i>

+To blacken. 'Now dwon't 'ee gwo an' blatch your ve�ce

+wi' thuc thur dirty zoot.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bleachy</b>. Brackish.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bleat</b>. Bleak, open, unsheltered. 'He's out in the bleat,'

+i.e. out in the open in bad weather. See K for examples

+of letter-change.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bleeding Heart</b>. <i>Cheiranthus Cheiri</i>, L., the red Wallflower

+(A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blind-hole</b>. <i>n.</i> A rabbit hole which ends in undisturbed

+soil, as opposed to a Pop-hole, q.v. (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>,

+ch. vi. p. 120).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blind-house</b>. A lock-up.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1629. Item paied for makeing cleane the blind-house vijd.'&mdash;<cite>Records

+of Chippenham</cite>, p. 204.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blind-man</b>. <i>Papaver Rhoeas</i>, L., &amp;c., the Red Poppy, which

+is locally supposed to cause blindness, if looked at too long.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Blink</b>. A spark, ray, or intermittent glimmer of light (A.B.).

+See <small>Flunk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Blinking</b>. This adjective is used, in a very contemptuous

+sense, by several Wilts agricultural writers.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A short blinking heath is found on many parts [of the downs].'&mdash;<cite>Agric.

+of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+<p>''Twas a little one-eyed blinking sort o' place.'&mdash;<cite>Tess of the D'Urbervilles</cite>,

+vol. i. p. 10.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Blissey</b>. A blaze (A.H.Wr.). A.S. <i>blysige</i>, a torch.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blobbs, Water Blobs</b>. Blossoms of <i>Nuphar lutea</i>, Sm., Yellow

+Water Lily (A.B.); probably from the swollen look of the

+buds. Cf. <small>Blub up</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blood-alley</b>. A superior kind of alley or taw, veined with

+deep red, and much prized by boys (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bloody Warr</b> The dark-blossomed Wallflower, <i>Cheiranthus

+Cheiri</i>, L. (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blooens</b>. See <small>Bluens</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bloom</b>. Of the sun; to shine scorchingly (B.); to throw out

+heat as a fire. 'How the sun do bloom out atween the

+clouds!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blooming</b>. Very sultry, as ''Tis a main blooming day.'&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bloomy</b>. Sultry. <small>Bloomy-hot.</small> Excessively sultry (A.B.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blooth, Blowth</b>. Bloom or blossom.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blossom</b>. A snow-flake. 'What girt blossoms 'twer to the

+snow isterday!'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Snow-flakes are called "blossoms." The word snow-flake is unknown.'&mdash;<cite>Village

+Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blow</b>. Sheep and cattle 'blow' themselves, or get 'blowed,'

+from over-eating when turned out into very heavy grass or

+clover, the fermentation of which often kills them on the

+spot, their bodies becoming terribly inflated with wind.

+See the description of the 'blasted' flock, in <cite>Far from the

+Madding Crowd</cite>, ch. xxi.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blowing</b>. A blossom (A.B.H.Wr.). See <small>Bluen</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blowth</b>. See <small>Blooth</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blub up</b>. To puff or swell up. A man out of health and

+puffy about the face is said to look 'ter'ble blubbed up.'

+Cf. Blobbs.&mdash;N.W. Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'My face was blown and blub'd with dropsy wan.'&mdash;<cite>Mirror for

+Magistrates.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue Bottle</b>. <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue Buttons</b>. (1) <i>Scabiosa arvensis</i>, L., Field Scabious.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>S. Columbaria</i>, L., Small Scabious.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue Cat</b>. One who is suspected of being an incendiary.

+'He has the name of a blue cat.' See <small>Lewis's Cat</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue Eyes</b>. <i>Veronica Chamaedrys</i>, L., Germander Speedwell.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue Goggles</b>. <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf.

+<small>Greygles</small> or <small>Greggles</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bluen</b> or <b>Blooens</b>. <i>pl.</i> Blossoms (S.). Also used in Devon.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blue-vinnied</b>. Covered with blue mould. See Vinney.

+Commoner in Dorset as applied to cheese, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blunt</b>. 'A cold blunt,' a spell of cold weather. See Snow-blunt.

+Compare <i>Blunk</i>, a fit of stormy weather, which is

+used in the East of England.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blur</b>. See <small>Blare</small>. In Raleigh's account of the fight in Cadiz

+Bay, he says that as he passed through the cross-fire of the

+galleys and forts, he replied 'with a blur of the trumpet to

+each piece, disdaining to shoot.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Board</b>. To scold, to upbraid. 'Her boarded I just about.'&mdash;S.W.

+(occasionally.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boar Stag</b>. A boar which, after having been employed for

+breeding purposes for a time, is castrated and set aside for

+fattening (D.). Cf. <small>Bull Stag</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boat</b>. Children cut apples and oranges into segments, which

+they sometimes call 'pigs' or 'boats.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bob</b>. In a timber carriage, the hind pair of wheels with the

+long pole or lever attached thereto.&mdash;N.W. In Canada

+'bob-sleds' are used for drawing logs out of the woods.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bobbant</b>. Of a girl, romping, forward (A.B.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bobbish</b>. In good health (A.B.S.). 'Well, an' how be 'ee

+to-day?' 'Purty bobbish, thank 'ee.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bob-grass</b>. <i>Bromus mollis</i>, L.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bochant</b>. The same as <small>Bobbant</small> (A.B.G.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bod</b>. See <small>Bad</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boistins</b>. The first milk given by a cow after calving (A.).

+See N.E.D. (<small>s.v. Beestings</small>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bolt</b>. In basket-making, a bundle of osiers 40 inches round.

+(<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iv. p. 69).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boltin</b>, <b>Boulting</b>. A sheaf of five or ten 'elms,' prepared

+beforehand for thatching. 'Elms' are usually made up on

+the spot, but are occasionally thus prepared at threshing-time,

+and tied up and laid aside till required, when they

+need only be damped, and are then ready for use. Cf. <small>Bolt.</small>&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bombarrel Tit</b>. <i>Parus caudatus</i>, the Long-tailed Titmouse

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii. p. 26). Jefferies considers this a corruption

+of 'Nonpareil.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Book of Clothes</b>. See <small>Buck</small> (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite>, 1814).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boon Days</b>. Certain days during winter on which farmers on

+the Savernake estate were formerly bound to haul timber for

+their landlord.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Boreshore</b>. A hurdle-stake (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This is a kind of hurdle stake which can be used in soft ground

+without an iron pitching bar being required to bore the hole first for

+it. Hence it is called bore-shore by shepherds.'&mdash;<cite>Letter from Mr. Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Borky</b>. (Baulky?) Slightly intoxicated.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Borsy</b>. See *<small>Bawsy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bossell</b>. <i>Chrysanthemum segetum</i>, L., Corn Marigold (D.).

+<small>Bozzell</small> (<cite>Flowering Plants of Wilts</cite>).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bossy</b>, <b>Bossy-calf</b>. A young calf, whether male or female.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bottle</b>. The wooden keg, holding a gallon or two, used for

+beer in harvest-time (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bottle-tit</b>. <i>Parus caudatus</i>, L., the Long-tailed Titmouse.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bottom</b>. A valley or hollow in the downs.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boulting</b>. See <small>Boltin</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bounceful</b>. Masterful, domineering. See <small>Pounceful</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bourne</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A valley between the chalk hills; a river in

+such a valley; also river and valley jointly (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In South Wilts they say, such or such a bourn: meaning a valley by

+such a river.'&mdash;Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 28. Ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> In gardening, when marking out a row of anything

+with pegs, you 'bourne' them, or glance along them to see

+that they are in line.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Box</b> or <b>Hand-box</b>. The lower handle of a sawyer's long

+pit-saw, the upper handle being the <small>Tiller</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boy's-love</b>. <i>Artemisia Abrotanum</i>, L., Southernwood (A.B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boys</b>. The long-pistilled or 'pin-eyed' flowers of the Primrose,

+<i>Primula vulgaris</i>, Huds. See <small>Girls</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bozzell</b>. See <small>Bossell</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bozzy</b>. See *<small>Bawsy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brack</b>. <i>n.</i> A fracture, break, crack (S.). 'There's narra

+brack nor crack in 'un.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brain-stone</b>. A kind of large round stone (Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist.

+Wilts</cite>, p. 9, ed. Brit., H.Wr.). Perhaps a lump of water-worn

+fossil coral, such as occasionally now bears this name among

+N. Wilts cottagers.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bramstickle</b>. See <small>Bannis</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brandy-bottles</b>. <i>Nuphar lutea</i>, Sm., Yellow Water-lily.&mdash;S.W.

+(Mere, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brave</b>. <i>adj.</i> Hearty, in good health (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bread-and-Cheese</b>. (1) <i>Linaria vulgaris</i>, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Fruit of <i>Malva sylvestris</i>, L.,

+Common Mallow (S.).&mdash;S.W. (3) Young leaves and

+shoots of <i>Crataegus Oxyacantha</i>, L., Hawthorn, eaten by

+children in spring (<cite>English Plant Names</cite>).&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bread-board</b>. The earth-board of a plough (D.). <small>Broad-board</small>

+in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Break</b>. To tear. 'She'll break her gownd agen thuc tharn.'

+You still <i>break</i> a bit of muslin, but to <i>tear</i> a trace or a plate

+now grows obsolete.&mdash;N.W. Similarly used in Hants, as</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I have <i>a-torn</i> my best decanter ... have <i>a-broke</i> my fine cambrick

+aporn.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Cope's</span> <cite>Hants Glossary</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brevet</b>, <b>Brivet</b>. (1) To meddle, interfere, pry into.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Who be you to interfere wi' a man an' he's vam'ly? Get awver

+groundsell, or I'll stop thy brevettin' for a while.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xix.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>To brevet about</i>, to beat about, as a dog for game (A.).&mdash;N.W.

+Also <small>Privet</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Castle Eaton,

+&amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<i>Brivet</i>, a word often applied to children when they wander about

+aimlessly and turn over things.'&mdash;<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>, Aug. 1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(3) To pilfer. 'If she'll brevet one thing, she'll brevet

+another.'&mdash;N.W. (Mildenhall.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bribe</b>. To taunt, to bring things up against any one, to scold.

+'What d'ye want to kip a-bribing I o' that vur?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brit</b>, <b>Brittle out</b>. (1) To rub grain out in the hand.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) To drop out of the husk, as over-ripe grain (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brivet</b>. See <small>Brevet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brize</b>. To press heavily on, or against, to crush down (S.).

+A loaded waggon 'brizes down' the road.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Broad-board</b>. See <small>Bread-board</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Broke-bellied</b>. Ruptured.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brook-Sparrow</b>. <i>Salicaria phragmitis</i>, the Sedge Warbler;

+from one of its commonest notes resembling that of a sparrow

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. vii; <cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. iii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'At intervals [in his song] he intersperses a chirp, exactly the same

+as that of the sparrow, a chirp with a tang in it. Strike a piece of

+metal, and besides the noise of the blow, there is a second note, or

+tang. The sparrow's chirp has such a note sometimes, and the sedge-bird

+brings it in&mdash;tang, tang, tang. This sound has given him his

+country name of brook-sparrow.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jefferies</span>, <cite>A London Trout</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brow</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Brittle (A.B.C.H.Wr.); easily broken.

+Vrow at Clyffe Pypard. Also <small>Frow</small>.&mdash;N.W. *(2) <i>n.</i> A

+fragment (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 109).&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brown</b>. 'A brown day,' a gloomy day (H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bruckle</b>. (Generally with <i>off</i> or <i>away</i>.) <i>v.</i> To crumble away,

+as some kinds of stone when exposed to the weather

+(<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 109); to break off easily, as

+the dead leaves on a dry branch of fir. Compare <i>brickle</i>=brittle

+(<cite>Wisdom</cite>, xv. 13), A.S. <i>brucol</i>=apt to break.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bruckley</b>. <i>adj.</i> Brittle, crumbly, friable, not coherent (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brush</b>. 'The brush of a tree,' its branches or head.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brushes</b>. <i>Dipsacus sylvestris</i>, L., Wild Teasel. See <small>Clothes-brush</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bubby-head</b>. <i>Cottus gobio</i>, the Bullhead.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buck</b>. A 'buck,' or 'book,' of clothes, a large wash&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bucking</b>. A quantity of clothes to be washed (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Buddle</b>. To suffocate in mud. 'There! if he haven't a bin

+an' amwoast buddled hisel' in thuck there ditch!' Also

+used in Som.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Budgy</b>. Out of temper, sulky. A softened form of <i>buggy</i>,

+self-important, churlish, from the Old English and provincial

+<i>budge</i>, grave, solemn, &amp;c. See <cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>, p. 42 (Smythe-Palmer).&mdash;N.W.

+Cp. Milton,</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Those budge doctors of the stoic fur.'&mdash;<cite>Comus.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bullpoll</b>, <b>Bullpull</b>. <i>Aira caespitosa</i>, L., the rough tufts of

+tussocky grass which grow in damp places in the fields, and

+have to be cut up with a heavy hoe (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii;

+<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. viii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bull Stag</b>. A bull which, having been superannuated as

+regards breeding purposes, is castrated and put to work,

+being stronger than an ordinary bullock. Cf. <small>Boar Stag</small>.&mdash;N.W.,

+now almost obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bulrushes</b>. <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold; from some

+nursery legend that Moses was hidden among its large leaves.&mdash;S.W.,

+rarely.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bumble-berry</b>. Fruit of <i>Rosa canina</i>, L., Dog-rose.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bunce</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A blow. 'Gie un a good bunce in the

+ribs.'&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To punch or strike.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bunch</b>. Of beans, to plant in bunches instead of rows (D.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bunny</b>. A brick arch, or wooden bridge, covered with earth,

+across a 'drawn' or 'carriage' in a water-meadow, just wide

+enough to allow a hay-waggon to pass over.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bunt</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To push with the head as a calf does its dam's

+udder (A.); to butt; to push or shove up.&mdash;(<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. x.) N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> A push or shove.&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>n.</i> A short thick

+needle, as a 'tailor's bunt.' (4) <i>n.</i> Hence sometimes

+applied to a short thickset person, as a nickname.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bunty</b>. <i>adj.</i> Short and stout.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bur</b>. The sweetbread of a calf or lamb (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bur'</b>, <b>Burrow</b>, or <b>Burry</b>. (1) A rabbit-burrow (A.B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Any place of shelter, as the leeward side

+of a hedge (A.C.). 'Why doesn't thee coom and zet doon

+here in the burrow?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Burl</b>. (1) 'To burl potatoes,' to rub off the grown-out

+shoots in spring.&mdash;N.W. (2) The original meaning was

+to finish off cloth or felt by removing knots, rough places,

+loose threads, and other irregularities of surface, and it is

+still so used in S. Wilts (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Burn</b>. 'To burn a pig,' to singe the hair off the dead carcase.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Burn-bake</b> (or <b>-beak</b>). (1) To reclaim new land by paring

+and burning the surface before cultivation (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+ch. xii). See <small>Bake</small>. (2) To improve old arable land by

+treating it in a similar way (<i>Ibid.</i> ch. xii). <small>Burn-beke</small>

+(Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 103. Ed. Brit., where the practice

+is said to have been introduced into S. Wilts by Mr. Bishop

+of Merton, about 1639). (3) <i>n.</i> Land so reclaimed. See

+<small>Bake</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Burrow</b>. See <small>Bur'</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Burry</b>. See <small>Bur'</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>'Buseful</b>. Foul-mouthed, abusive.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bush</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A heavy hurdle or gate, with its bars

+interlaced with brushwood and thorns, which is drawn

+over pastures in spring, and acts like a light harrow

+(<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To bush-harrow

+a pasture.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Butchers' Guinea-pigs</b>. Woodlice. See <small>Guinea-pigs</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Butter-and-Eggs</b>. (1) <i>Narcissus incomparabilis</i>, Curt., Primrose

+Peerless.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>Linaria vulgaris</i>, Mill.,

+Yellow Toadflax (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. v).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buttercup</b>. At Huish applied only to <i>Ranunculus Ficaria</i>, L.,

+Lesser Celandine, all other varieties of Crowfoot being

+'Crazies' there.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Butter-teeth</b>. The two upper incisors.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buttons</b>. Very young mushrooms.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buttry</b>. A cottage pantry (A.B.).&mdash;N.W., now almost obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Butt-shut</b>. (1) To join iron without welding, by pressing

+the heated ends squarely together, making an imperceptible

+join (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). See <small>Shut</small>. (2) Hence a glaringly

+inconsistent story or excuse is said 'not to butt-shut' (<cite>Village

+Miners</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Butty</b>. A mate or companion in field-work (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>By-the-Wind</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Caa-vy</b> (? Calfy). A simpleton (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cack</b>. See <small>Keck</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cack-handed</b>, *<b>Cag-handed</b>. Extremely awkward and unhandy:

+clumsy to the last degree (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Other

+dialect words for 'awkward' are Dev., <i>cat-handed</i>, Yorks.,

+<i>gawk-handed</i>, and Nhamp., <i>keck-handed</i>. Cf. <small>Cam-handed</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caddle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Dispute, noise, row, contention (A.); seldom

+or never so used now.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'What a caddle th' bist a makin', Jonas!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 82.</p>

+

+<p>'If Willum come whoam and zees two [candles] a burnin', he'll

+make a vi-vi-vine caddle.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 42.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> Confusion, disorder, trouble (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a caddle, alang

+o' they childern.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 137.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(3) <i>v.</i> To tease, to annoy, to bother (A.B.C.). See <small>Caddling</small>.

+'Now dwoan't 'e caddle I zo, or I'll tell thee vather

+o' thee!' 'I be main caddled up wi' ael they dishes to

+weish.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>''Tain't no use caddlin I&mdash;I can't tell 'ee no more.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne

+Farm</cite>, ch. viii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(4) <i>v.</i> To hurry. 'To caddle a horse,' to drive him over-fast.&mdash;N.W.

+(5) <i>v.</i> To loaf about, only doing odd jobs.

+'He be allus a caddlin' about, and won't never do nothin'

+reg'lar.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (6) <i>v.</i> To mess about, to throw

+into disorder. 'I don't hold wi' they binders [the binding

+machines], they do caddle the wheat about so.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caddlesome</b>. Of weather, stormy, uncertain. ''T 'ull be a main

+caddlesome time for the barley.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caddling</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Of weather, stormy, uncertain.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>adj.</i> Quarrelsome, wrangling (C.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 97.</p>

+

+<p>'A cadling fellow, a wrangler, a shifting, and sometimes an unmeaning

+character.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(3) <i>adj.</i> Meddlesome (S.), teasing (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite>, 1814);

+troublesome, worrying, impertinent (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Little Nancy was as naisy and as caddlin' as a wren, that a was'.&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 177.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(4) Chattering (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite>, 1814): probably a mistake.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caffing rudder</b>. See <small>Caving rudder</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cag-handed</b>. See <small>Cack-handed</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cag-mag</b>. Bad or very inferior meat (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cains-and-Abels</b>. <i>Aquilegia vulgaris</i>, L., Columbine.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Calf-white</b>. See <small>White</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Call</b>. Cause, occasion. 'You've no call to be so 'buseful'

+[abusive].&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Call home</b>. To publish the banns of marriage (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd <i>whoam</i> to

+Jim Spritely on Zundy.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Slow</span>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Callow-wablin</b>. An unfledged bird (A.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Callus-stone</b>. A sort of gritty earth, spread on a board for

+knife-sharpening (Wilts Arch. Mag. vol. xxii. p. 109).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (Cherhill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Calves'-trins</b>. Calves' stomachs, used in cheese-making. A.S.

+<i>trendel</i>. See <small>Trins</small>. Halliwell and Wright give <i>'Calf-trundle</i>,

+the small entrails of a calf.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cam</b>. Perverse, cross. Welsh <i>cam</i>, crooked, wry.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A 's as cam and as obstinate as a mule.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 138.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They there wosbirds [of bees] zimd rayther cam and mischievul.'&mdash;<cite>Springtide</cite>,

+p. 47.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cam-handed</b>. Awkward.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cammock</b>. <i>Ononis arvensis</i>, L., Restharrow (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cammocky</b>. Tainted, ill-flavoured, as cheese or milk when

+the cows have been feeding on cammock. See <small>Gammotty</small> (2).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Canary-seed</b>. Seed-heads of Plantain.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Candle</b>. 'To strike a candle,' to slide, as school-boys do, on

+the heel, so as to leave a white mark along the ice.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cank</b>. To overcome (H.Wr.): perhaps a perversion of <i>conquer</i>.

+The winner 'canks' his competitors in a race, and you 'cank'

+a child when you give it more than it can eat.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Canker</b>. Fungus, toadstool (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Canker-berries</b>. Wild Rose hips. <small>Conker-berries</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury, &amp;c.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Canker-rose</b>. The mossy gall on the Dog-rose, formed by

+<i>Cynips rosae</i>; often carried in the pocket as a charm against

+rheumatism (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cappence</b>. The swivel-joint of the old-fashioned flail, <i>Capel</i>

+in Devon.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Carpet</b>. To blow up, to scold; perhaps from the scene of the

+fault-finding being the parlour, not the bare-floored kitchen.

+'Measter carpeted I sheamvul s'marning.' 'I had my man

+John on the carpet just now and gave it him finely.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Carriage</b>. A water-course, a meadow-drain (A. B. G. H. Wr.). In

+S. Wilts the <i>carriages</i> bring the water into and through the

+meadow, while the <i>drawn</i> takes it back to the river after its

+work is done.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Carrier</b>, <b>Water-carrier</b>. A large water-course (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xx).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Carry along</b>. To prove the death of, to bring to the grave.

+'I be afeard whe'er that 'ere spittin' o' blood won't car'n

+along.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cart</b>. 'At cart,' carrying or hauling, as 'We be at wheat cart

+[coal-cart, dung-cart, &amp;c.] to-day.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Casalty</b>. See <small>Casulty</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cass'n</b>. Canst not (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cassocks</b>. Couch-grass.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Casulty</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Of weather, unsettled, broken (<cite>Green

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. i). <small>Casalty</small> (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii.

+p. 109).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Of crops, uncertain, not to be

+depended on. Plums, for instance, are a 'casalty crop,' some

+years bearing nothing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cat-gut</b>. The ribs of the Plantain leaf; so called by children

+when drawn out so as to look like fiddle-strings (<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. ii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cat-Kidney</b>. A game somewhat resembling cricket, played

+with a wooden 'cat' instead of a ball.&mdash;N.W. (Brinkworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cat's-ice</b>. White ice, ice from which the water has receded.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (Steeple Ashton, &amp;c.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They stood at the edge, cracking the cat's-ice, where the water had

+shrunk back from the wheel marks, and left the frozen water white

+and brittle.'&mdash;<cite>The Story of Dick</cite>, ch. xii. p. 153.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cats'-love</b>. Garden Valerian, on which cats like to roll.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cats'-paws</b>. Catkins of willow while still young and downy.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cats'-tails</b>. (1) <i>Equisetum</i>, Horse-tail (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) The catkin of the willow.&mdash;N.W. (Lyneham.)

+(3) The catkin of the hazel.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Catch</b>. (1) Of water, to film over, to begin to freeze. <small>Keach</small>,

+<small>Keatch</small>, <small>Kitch</small>, or <small>Ketch</small> (A.B.C.H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A bright clear moon is credited with causing the water to "catch"&mdash;that

+is, the slender, thread-like spicules form on the surface, and,

+joining together, finally cover it.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xx.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Also see <cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. xl. (2) To grow thick, as melted fat

+when setting again.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. *(3) 'To catch and

+rouse,' to collect water, &amp;c.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the catch-meadows ... it is necessary to make the most of the

+water by catching and rousing it as often as possible.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+ch. xi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(4) <i>n.</i> The same as Catch-meadow (<i>Ibid.</i> ch. xii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Catch-land</b>. The arable portion of a common field, divided

+into equal parts, whoever ploughed first having the right to

+first choice of his share (D.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Catch-meadow</b>, <b>Catch-work meadow</b>, or <b>Catch</b>. A meadow

+on the slope of a hill, irrigated by a stream or spring, which

+has been turned so as to fall from one level to another

+through the carriages (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Catching</b>, <b>Catchy</b>. Of weather, unsettled, showery (<cite>Agric.

+of Wilts</cite>, ch. iii. p. 11).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caterpillar</b>. A cockchafer.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cattikeyns</b>. Fruit of the ash.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cave</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The chaff of wheat and oats (D.): in threshing,

+the broken bits of straw, &amp;c. <small>Cavin</small>, <small>Cavings</small>, or <small>Keavin</small>

+in N. Wilts.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To separate the short

+broken straw from the grain.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cavin, Cavings</b>. See <small>Cave</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Caving-rake</b>. The rake used for separating cavings and

+grain on the threshing-floor.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caving</b> (or <b>Caffing</b>) <b>rudder</b>, or <b>rudderer</b>. *(1) The winnowing

+fan and tackle (D.).&mdash;S.W. (2) A coarse sieve used

+by carters to get the straw out of the horses' chaff.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cawk</b>, <b>Cawket</b>. To squawk out, to make a noise like a hen

+when disturbed on her nest, &amp;c. 'Ther's our John, s'naw

+[dost know?]&mdash;allus a messin' a'ter the wenchin, s'naw&mdash;cawin'

+an' cawkettin' like a young rook, s'naw,&mdash;'vore a can

+vly, s'naw,&mdash;boun' to coom down vlop <em>he</em> war!' <small>Caa-kinn</small>

+(S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Seagry, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Centry</b>. <i>Anagallis tenella</i>, L., Bog Pimpernel.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cham</b>. To chew (A.B.C.S.). 'Now cham thee vittles up well.'

+An older form of <i>Champ</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Champ</b>. To scold in a savage snarling fashion. 'Now dwoan't

+'ee gwo an' champ zo at I!' Used formerly at Clyffe Pypard.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chan-Chider</b>. See <small>Johnny Chider</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chap</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> Of ground, to crack apart with heat.&mdash;N &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> A crack in the soil, caused by heat.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Charm</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'All in a charm,' all talking loud together.

+A.S. <i>cyrm</i>, clamour (A.H.S.), especially used of the singing

+of birds. See Kingsley's <cite>Prose Idylls</cite>, i. Also used of hounds

+in full cry.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thousands of starlings, the noise of whose calling to each other is

+indescribable&mdash;the country folk call it a "charm," meaning a noise

+made up of innumerable lesser sounds, each interfering with the

+other.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Cp, Milton,</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Charm of earliest birds.'&mdash;<cite>P. L.</cite>, ii. 642.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To make a loud confused noise, as a number of

+birds, &amp;c., together.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> 'To charm bees,'

+to follow a swarm of bees, beating a tea-tray, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chatter-mag</b>, <b>Chatter-pie</b>. A chattering woman.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chawm</b>, <b>Chawn</b>. A crack in the ground (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cheese-flower</b>. <i>Malva sylvestris</i>, L., Common Mallow.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cheeses</b>. Fruit of <i>Malva sylvestris</i>, L., Common Mallow.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Chemise</b>. <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.) This name was given us as <small>Chemise</small>,

+but would probably be pronounced as <small>Shimmy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cherky</b>. Having a peculiar dry taste, as beans (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cherry-pie</b>. <i>Valeriana officinalis</i>, L., All-heal, from its smell.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cheure</b>. See <small>Choor</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chevil</b> (or <b>Chevril</b>) <b>Goldfinch</b>. A large variety of goldfinch,

+with a white throat. See <cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 203, for a full

+description of the bird.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chewree</b>. See <small>Choor</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chib</b>. 'Potato-chibs,' the grown-out shoots in spring. See

+<small>Chimp</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chiddlens</b>, <b>Chiddlins</b>. Pigs' chitterlings (H.S.Wr.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Children of Israel</b>. *(1) A small garden variety of

+<i>Campanula</i>, from the profusion of its blossoms (<cite>English Plant

+Names</cite>). (2) <i>Malcolmia maritima</i>, Br., Virginian Stock,

+occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chilver</b>, <b>Chilver-lamb</b>. A ewe lamb (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chilver-hog</b>. A ewe under two years old (D.). The word hog

+is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog

+bull, a chilver hog sheep. 'Chilver' is a good Anglo-Saxon

+word, 'cilfer,' and is related to the word 'calf.' A chilver

+hog sheep simply means in the dialect of the Vale of

+Warminster, a female lamb a year old. See <cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> xvii. 303.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chimney-sweeps</b>. Flowering-heads of some grasses.&mdash;N.W.

+(Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chimney-sweepers</b>. <i>Luzula campestris</i>, Willd., Field Wood-rush.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chimp</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The grown-out shoot of a stored potato (S.);

+also Chib.&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To strip off the 'chimps' before

+planting.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chink</b>. <i>Fringilla coelebs</i>, the Chaffinch; from its note.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chinstey</b>. <i>n.</i> The string of a baby's cap.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) A horse's chin-strap.&mdash;S.W. Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Oh! Mo-ather! Her hath chuck'd me wi' tha chingstey [caught

+me by the back-hair and choked me with the cap-string].'&mdash;<cite>The Exmoor

+Scolding</cite>, p. 17.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chip</b>. The fore-shoot of a plough.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chipples</b>. Young onions grown from seed. Cf. <small>Gibbles</small> and

+<small>Cribbles</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chisley</b>. <i>adj.</i> Without coherence, as the yolk of an over-boiled

+egg, or a very dry cheese. When land gets wet and

+then dries too fast, it becomes chisley. Compare:&mdash;'<i>Chizzly</i>,

+hard, harsh and dry: <i>East</i>,' in Hal.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chism</b>. To germinate, to bud (A.B.C.). 'The wheat doesn't

+make much show yet, John.' 'No, zur, but if you looks

+'tes aal chisming out ter'ble vast.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chit</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The third swarm of bees from a hive.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To bud or spring (A.B.C.). 'The whate be chitting

+a'ter thease rains.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chitchat</b>. <i>Pyrus Aucuparia</i>, G�rtn., Mountain Ash.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chitterlings</b>. Pigs' entrails when cleaned and boiled (A.B.);

+<small>Chiddlens</small> (H.S.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chivy</b>. <i>Fringilla coelebs</i>, the Chaffinch.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Choor</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To go out as a charwoman (A.); <small>Cheure,

+Chewree-ring</small> (H.Wr.); <small>Char</small> (A.S.). Still in use.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> A turn, as in phrase 'One good choor deserves

+another' (A.). Still in use.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chop</b>. To exchange (A.B.S.). 'Wool ye chop wi' I, this thing

+for thuck?' (B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Chore</b>. A narrow passage between houses (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033,

+f. 2); see N.E.D. (<small>s.v. Chare</small>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Christian Names</b>. The manner in which a few of these are

+pronounced may here be noted:&mdash;<i>Allburt</i>, Albert; <i>Allfurd</i>,

+Alfred; <i>Charl</i> or <i>Chas</i>, Charles; <i>Etherd</i>, Edward; <i>Rich't</i> or

+<i>Richet</i>, Richard; <i>Robbut</i>, Robert; &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chuffey</b>. Chubby. 'What chuffey cheeks he've a got, to be

+showr!'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chump</b>. A block of wood (A.B.); chiefly applied to the short

+lengths into which crooked branches and logs are sawn for

+firewood (<cite>Under the Acorns</cite>).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ciderkin</b>, <b>'Kin</b>. The washings after the best cider is made.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clacker</b>. The tongue (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clackers</b>. A pair of pattens (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clangy</b>, <b>Clengy</b>, or <b>Clungy</b>. Of bad bread, or heavy ground,

+clingy, sticky.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Claps</b>. <i>n.</i> and <i>v.</i> clasp (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clat</b>. See <small>Clot</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clattersome</b>, <b>Cluttersome</b>. Of weather, gusty.&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Claut</b>. <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold (A.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clavy</b>, <b>Clavy-tack</b>. A mantelpiece (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W., now

+almost obsolete. Strictly speaking, <i>clavy</i> is merely the beam

+which stretches across an old-fashioned fireplace, supporting

+the wall. Where there is a mantelpiece, or <i>clavy-tack</i>, it comes

+just above the <i>clavy</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clean</b>. 'A clean rabbit,' one that has been caught in the nets,

+and is uninjured by shot or ferret, as opposed to a 'broken,'

+or damaged one. (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. xi. p. 212).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cleat</b>, <b>Cleet</b>. (1) The little wedge which secures the head

+of an axe or hammer.&mdash;N.W. *(2) <i>n.</i> A patch (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W.

+*(3) <i>v.</i> To mend with a patch (A.B.C.)&mdash;N.W.

+*(4) Occasionally, to strengthen by bracing (C.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cleaty</b>. Sticky, clammy; applied to imperfectly fermented

+bread, or earth that will not work well in ploughing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cleet</b>. See <small>Cleat</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clengy</b>. See <small>Clangy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clim</b>. To climb (A.S.). A cat over-fond of investigating the

+contents of the larder shelves is a 'clim-tack,' or climb-shelf.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clinches</b>. The muscles of the leg, just under the knee-joint.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clinkerbell</b>. An icicle.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.) occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clitch</b>. The groin.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clite</b>, <b>Clit</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'All in a clite,' tangled, as a child's hair.

+A badly groomed horse is said to be 'aal a clit.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To tangle. 'How your hair do get clited!'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clites</b>, <b>Clytes</b>. <i>Galium Aparine</i>, L., Goosegrass (A.). Usually

+pl., but Jefferies has sing., <small>Clite</small>, in <cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. ix.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clitty</b>. Tangled, matted together.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clock</b>. A dandelion seed-head, because children play at

+telling the time of day by the number of puffs it takes to

+blow away all its down.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cloddy</b>. Thick, plump, stout (H.Wr.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clog-weed</b>. <i>Heracleum Sphondylium</i>, L., Cow-parsnip (<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. vi).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clot</b>. A hard lump of dry cow-dung, left on the surface of

+a pasture. See <small>Cow-clat</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'On pasture farms they beat clots or pick up stones.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">R. Jefferies</span>,

+Letter to <cite>Times</cite>, Nov. 1872.</p>

+

+<p>'1661. Itm p<sup>d</sup> Richard Sheppard &amp; Old Taverner for beating clatts

+in Inglands, 00. 04. 08.'&mdash;<cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, p. 226.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Clote</b>. <i>n.</i> <i>Verbascum Thapsus</i>, L., Great Mullein (<cite>Aubrey's

+Wilts MS.</cite>).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clothes-brush</b>. <i>Dipsacus sylvestris</i>, L., Wild Teasel. Cf.

+<small>Brushes</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clottiness</b>. See <small>Cleaty</small>. Clottishness (<cite>Agric. Survey</cite>).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The peculiar churlishness (provincially, "clottiness") of a great

+part of the lands of this district, arising perhaps from the cold nature

+of the sub-soil.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii. p. 51.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clout</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A box on the ear, a blow (A.B.C.S.). See <small>Clue</small>.

+'I'll gie thee a clout o' th' yead.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To

+strike.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clue</b>. 'A clue in the head,' a knock on the head (<cite>Village

+Miners</cite>). A box on the ear. Cf. <i>clow</i>, Winchester College.

+See <small>Clout</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clum</b>. To handle clumsily (A.B.), roughly, boisterously, or

+indecently (C.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clumbersome</b>. Awkward, clumsy.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clumper</b>, <b>Clumber</b>. A heavy clod of earth.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clums</b>. <i>pl.</i> Hands. 'I'll keep out o' thee clums, I'll warnd

+I will!'&mdash;N.W. <small>Clumps</small> is used in S. Wilts in a similar

+way, but generally of the feet (S.), and always implies great

+awkwardness, as 'What be a treadin' on my gownd vor wi'

+they girt ugly clumps o' yourn?'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clungy</b>. See <small>Clangy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cluster-of-five</b>. The fist. <small>Cluster-a-vive</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clutter</b>. <i>n.</i> Disorder, mess, confusion. 'The house be ael in

+a clutter to-day wi' they childern's lease-carn.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cluttered</b>. (1) 'Caddled,' over-burdened with work and worry.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"<i>Cluttered up</i>" means in a litter, surrounded with too many things

+to do at once.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jefferies</span>, <cite>Field and Hedgerow</cite>, p. 189.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(2) Brow-beaten. Said to have been used at Warminster

+formerly.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cluttersome</b>. See <small>Clattersome</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cluttery</b>. Showery and gusty.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Clyders</b>. <i>Galium Aparine</i>, L., Goosegrass.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Clyten</b>. *(1) <i>n.</i> An unhealthy appearance, particularly in

+children (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete. *(2) <i>n.</i> An unhealthy

+child (C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Clytenish</b>. <i>adj.</i> Unhealthy-looking, pale, sickly (A.B.C.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clytes</b>. See <small>Clites</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Coath</b>. Sheep-rot (D.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cobbler's-knock</b>. 'To do the cobbler's knock,' to slide on one

+foot, tapping the ice meanwhile with the other.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cob-nut</b>. A game played by children with nuts (A.B.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cockagee</b>, <b>Cockygee</b> (<i>g</i> hard). A kind of small hard sour

+cider apple. Ir. <i>cac a' gheidh</i>, goose-dung, from its greenish-yellow

+colour (see N.E.D., <small>s.v. Coccagee</small>).&mdash;S.W. (Deverill,

+&amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cocking-fork</b>. A large hay-fork, used for carrying hay from

+the cock into the summer-rick.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cocking-poles</b>. Poles used for the same purpose.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cockles</b>. Seed-heads of <i>Arctium Lappa</i>, L., Burdock.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cock's Egg</b>. The small eggs sometimes first laid by pullets.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cock-shot</b>. A cock-shy: used by boys about Marlborough and

+elsewhere. 'I say, there's a skug [squirrel]&mdash;let's have

+a cock-shot at him with your squailer.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cock's-neckling</b>. 'To come down cock's-neckling,' to fall

+head foremost (H.Wr.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cock's-nests</b>. The nests so often built and then deserted by

+the wren, without any apparent cause.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cock-sqwoilin</b>. Throwing at cocks at Shrovetide (A.Wr.).

+See <small>Squail</small>.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1755. Paid expenses at the Angel at a meeting when the By Law

+was made to prevent Throwing at Cocks, 0.10.6.'&mdash;Records of <cite>Chippenham</cite>,

+p. 244.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cocky-warny</b>. The game of leap-frog.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cod-apple</b>. A wild apple (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xiv. 177).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Codlins-and-cream</b>. <i>Epilobium hirsutum</i>, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb; from its smell when crushed in the hand.

+Cf. <small>Sugar-Codlins</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Coglers</b>. The hooks, with cogged rack-work for lifting or

+lowering, by which pots and kettles were formerly hung

+over open fireplaces. Now superseded by <i>Hanglers</i>.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Colley</b>. (1) A collar.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. *(2) Soot or grime

+from a pot or kettle (A.B.). Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Brief as the lightning in the collied night.'&mdash;<cite>Midsummer Night's

+Dream.</cite></p>

+

+<p>'Thou hast not collied thy face enough.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jonson's</span> <small>Poetaster</small>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Colley-maker</b>. A saddler. See <small>Colley</small> (1).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Colley-strawker</b>. A milker or 'cow-stroker.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Colt's-tail</b>. A kind of cloud said to portend rain.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The colt's tail is a cloud with a bushy appearance like a ragged

+fringe, and portends rain.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Comb</b>, <b>Coom</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The lower ledge of a window (Kennett's

+<cite>Paroch. Antiq.</cite>). (2) <i>n.</i> Grease from an axle-box,

+soot, dirt, &amp;c. <small>Koomb</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Comb-and-Brush</b>. <i>Dipsacus sylvestris</i>, L., Wild Teasel.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Combe</b>, <b>Coombe</b>. (1) The wooded side of a hill (D.); used

+occasionally in this sense in both Wilts and Dorset.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) A narrow valley or hollow in a hillside. This

+is the proper meaning.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Used of a narrow valley

+in the woodlands in <cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. i.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Come of</b>. To get the better of, to grow out of. 'How weak

+that child is about the knees, Sally!' 'Oh, he'll come o' that

+all right, Miss, as he do grow bigger.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Come to land</b>. Of intermittent springs, to rise to the surface

+and begin to flow (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Comical</b>. (1) Queer-tempered. 'Her's a comical 'ooman.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Out of health. 'I've bin uncommon

+comical to-year.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) Cracky, queer. 'He's

+sort o' comical in his head, bless 'ee.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. 'A cow

+he's a comical thing to feed; bin he don't take care he's very

+like to choke hisself.'&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough.) It should be

+noted that Marlborough folk are traditionally reputed to

+call everything <em>he</em> but a bull, and that they always call

+<em>she</em>!</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coney-burry</b>. A rabbit's hole.&mdash;S.W. (Amesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coniger</b>, <b>Conigre</b>. This old word, originally meaning a rabbit-warren,

+occurs frequently in Wilts (as at Trowbridge) as

+the name of a meadow, piece of ground, street, &amp;c. See

+<cite>Great Estate</cite>, note to ch. ix.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Conker-berries</b>. See <small>Canker-berries</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Conks</b>, <b>Conkers</b> (i.e. <i>conquerors</i>). (1) A boy's game, played

+with horse-chestnuts strung on cord, the players taking it in

+turn to strike at their opponent's conk, in order to crack and

+disable it.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough.) (2) Hence, the fruit of

+<i>Aesculus Hippocastanum</i>, L., Horse-chestnut.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coob</b>. A hen-coop (H.): invariably so pronounced.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cooby</b>. A snug corner. See <small>Cubby-hole</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coom</b>. See <small>Comb</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Coombe-bottom</b>. A valley in a hillside (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).

+See <small>Combe</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coom hedder</b>. (A.S.). See <small>Horses</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coop! Coop!</b> The usual call to cows, &amp;c., to come in.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coopy-house</b>. A very small house or cottage (S.). See <small>Cubby-hole</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cooted</b>. Cut slanting, sloped off, as the ends of the upper

+part of an oblong hay-rick (D.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Hayricks are usually made round; sometimes oblong with cooted

+ends, not gable ends.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cord</b>. 'A cord of plocks,' a pile of cleft wood, 8 ft. long and

+4 ft. in girth and width (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Corn-baulk</b>. See <small>Baulk</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Corndrake</b>. <i>Crex pratensis</i>, the Landrail; almost invariably

+so called about Warminster and in some parts of N. Wilts.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Corn-grate</b>. The Cornbrash formation (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, p. 164).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Corn Grit</b>. Quarrymen's term for one of the building stone

+beds of the Portland series (Britton's <cite>Beauties of Wilts</cite>,

+vol. iii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Corn Pop</b>. <i>Silene inflata</i>, Sm., Bladder Campion.&mdash;N.W.

+(Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Corruptions</b>. Some of these are curious, and perhaps worth

+recording, as <i>Rainball</i>, rainbow (always used at Huish);

+<i>Lattiprack</i>, paralytic; <i>Nuffin-idols</i>, Love-in-idleness; <i>Polly

+Andrews</i>, Polyanthus. Also see <i>Nolens-volens</i>. Bronchitis

+is always <i>Brantitus</i>, and Jaundice always <i>The Janders</i>, plural.

+Persuade is always <i>Suade</i>. The crab-apple is usually <i>Grab</i>

+in N. Wilts. At Etchilhampton we find <i>Plump</i> for pump,

+and <i>Moth</i> for moss, while at Huish and elsewhere proud flesh

+is always <i>Ploughed flesh</i>. <i>Pasmet</i>, parsnip, and the universal

+<i>Turmut</i>, turnip, may be noted as illustrating a curious letter-change.

+<i>Varley-grassey</i>, gone green, is evidently from verdigris.

+In <i>Great Estate</i>, ch. iv, Jefferies traces <i>Meejick</i> ('a sort

+of a <i>Meejick'</i>=anything very strange or unusual) back to

+menagerie. Cavalry becomes <i>Cavaltry</i>, meaning horsemen,

+and crockery is usually <i>Crockerty</i>. Other more or less

+common perversions of words are <i>Patty Carey</i>, Hepatica;

+<i>Chiny Oysters</i>, China Aster; <i>Turkemtime</i>, turpentine; <i>Absence</i>,

+abscess (Cherhill); <i>Abrupt</i>, to approve (Huish); <i>Tiddle</i>, to

+tickle; <i>Cribble</i>, a cripple; <i>Strive</i> (of a tree), to thrive (Steeple

+Ashton); <i>Hurly-gurly</i>, a hurdy-gurdy (S.W.); <i>Midger</i>, to

+measure; <i>Cherm</i>, to churn (<i>Slow</i>, S.W.); <i>Rumsey-voosey</i>, to

+rendezvous, as 'He went a rumsy-voosing down the lane

+to meet his sweetheart'; <i>Dapcheek</i>, a dabchick; <i>Drilly-drally</i>,

+to hesitate, to dawdle over anything; <i>Kiddle</i>, a kettle.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Couch</b>, <b>Cooch</b>. Couch-grass in general.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. <small>Black

+Couch</small>, <i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> (D.); <small>White Couch</small>, <i>Triticum

+repens</i> (D.); <small>Couchy-bent</small>, <i>Agrostis stolonifera</i> (D.); <small>Knot

+Couch</small>, <i>Avena elatior</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Couchy-bent</b>. See <small>Couch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Count</b>. To expect or think. 'I don't count as he'll come.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Coventree</b>. <i>Viburnum Lantana</i>, L., Mealy Guelder rose.&mdash;S.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Coven-tree common about Chalke and Cranbourn Chase; the

+carters doe make their whippes of it.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Wilts</cite>, p. 56, Ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Coward</b>. <i>adj.</i> Pure: used of unskimmed milk. Cf. 'cowed

+milk,' Isle of Wight (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 110).&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cow-baby</b>. A childish fellow, a simpleton (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cow-clap</b>. A form of <small>Cow-clat</small>, q.v.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cow-clat</b>, <b>Cow-clap</b>. A pat of cow-dung (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cow-down</b>. A cow-common (<cite>Agric. Survey</cite>).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cows-and-Calves</b>. (1) <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) When a saw has alternately long and short

+teeth, they are known as <i>cows</i> and <i>calves</i> respectively.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cowshard</b>. Cow-clat.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cowshorne</b>. Cow-clats. Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The poore people gather the cowshorne in the meadows.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span>

+<cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 192.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cow-white</b>. See <small>White</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Crab</b>. To abuse (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 110). Compare

+North Eng. <i>crab</i>, to provoke, and <i>crob</i>, to reproach.

+Originally a hawking term, hawks being said to <i>crab</i> when

+they stood too near and fought one with another. See <cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>,

+p. 81 (Smythe-Palmer).&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Crandum</b>. The throat (S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I first heard this word near Hungerford, where some farm hands

+were having a spree. There was a six-gallon jar of beer on the table,

+which they were continually smacking with their hands, whilst they

+sang in chorus:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">"Let it run down yer crandum,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">An' jolly will we be," &amp;c.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p>I have only heard it applied to the human throat, never to that of an

+animal.'&mdash;<cite>Letter from Mr. Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Crap</b>. Assurance (H.Wr.). There is probably some mistake

+here.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Craw</b>. The crop of a bird; hence, the bosom (A.). 'A spelt

+th' drenk down 's craw,' he spilt it down his bosom (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crazy</b>, <b>Craisey</b>, <b>Craizey</b>. The Buttercup (A.B.H.Wr.). Buttercups

+in general, <i>Ranunculus acris</i>, <i>R. bulbosus</i>, <i>R. repens</i>,

+and often <i>R. Ficaria</i> also, but at Huish never applied to the

+last-named. In Deverill the term <i>Craizies</i> is restricted to

+the Marsh Marigold. See N.E.D. (<small>s.v. Crayse</small>).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crazy Bets</b>. (1) The general name all over Wilts for <i>Caltha

+palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold; apparently always pl. in

+form. <small>Crazy Betties</small> (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii) and <small>Crazy Betseys</small>

+are occasionally used, the latter at Little Langford, S.W.

+Cf. 'Pretty Bets,' Oxf. and Nhamp., for Red Spur Valerian

+and London Pride, and 'Sweet Betsey,' Kent, for the former.

+In Glouc. Marsh Marigold is merely a <i>Crazy</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+*(2) Mr. Slow says that 'Crazy bets' is applied to the

+'buttercup' in South Wilts. *(3) <i>Chrysanthemum leucanthemum</i>,

+L., the Ox-eye Daisy.&mdash;S.W. (Hampworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crazy-mor</b>e, <b>Crazy-mar</b>, or <b>Crazy-moir</b>. (1) <i>Ranunculus

+repens</i>, L., Creeping Buttercup. <i>More</i>=root or plant.&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes; Huish.) (2) At Clyffe Pypard, N.W.,

+and probably elsewhere, <small>Crazy-mar</small> means a plant of any

+kind of buttercup.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crease</b>. A ridge-tile.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'From the top of Aland's house ... a slate ridge-crest (or crease, as

+it is provincially termed) ... was carried northwards about 40 yards.'&mdash;<cite>The

+Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. vi. p. 378.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Creed</b>. <i>Lemna minor</i>, L., Duckweed (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Creeny</b>. Small (A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Creeping Jack</b>. <i>Sedum</i>, Stonecrop.&mdash;N.W. (Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Creeping Jenny</b>. (1) <i>Linaria Cymbalaria</i>, Mill., Ivy-leaved

+Toadflax.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) <i>Lysimachia Nummularia</i>,

+L., Moneywort.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cresset</b>, <b>Cressil</b>. <i>Scrophularia aquatica</i>, L., Water Figwort

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crew</b>. The tang of a scythe-blade, fastening into the pole-ring.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cribble about</b>. To creep about as old people do.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cribbles</b>. Onions grown from bulbs. See <small>Gibbles</small> and

+<small>Chipples</small>.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crick crack</b>. People who try to talk fine language, and cannot,

+are said to use 'crick crack' words. <small>Crick crach</small>:

+words not understood (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Crink-crank words are long words&mdash;<i>verba sesquipedalia</i>&mdash;not properly

+understood. See <cite>Proceedings of Phil. Soc.</cite> v. 143-8.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Cope's</span> <cite>Hants Gloss</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crink</b>. A crevice or crack.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Crippender</b>. Crupper harness.&mdash;S.W. (Bratton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Critch</b>. A deep earthen pan (S.). Also used in Hants. Fr.

+<i>cruche</i>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crock</b>. A pot; especially an earthen one (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Croud</b>. See <small>Crowdy</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Croupy down</b>. To crouch down (S.) as children do when

+playing hide-and-seek.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crow-bells</b> (pl. used as sing.). <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild

+Hyacinth (H.Wr.).&mdash;S.W. This is probably the flower

+referred to in Aubrey's <cite>Wilts</cite>, Roy. Soc. MS., p. 126 (p. 52,

+ed. Brit.), under the same name:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In a ground of mine called Swices ... growes abundantly a plant

+called by the people hereabout crow-bells, which I never saw any where

+but there. Mr. Rob. Good, M.A., tells me that these crow-bells have

+blue flowers, and are common to many shady places in this county.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crowdy</b>. A kind of apple turnover (S.). <small>Croud</small> (H.Wr.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crow-flower</b>. <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hants bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crow-hearted</b>. Young cabbage and broccoli plants that have

+lost their eye or centre are said to be 'crow-hearted.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crowpeck</b>. (1) <i>Scandix Pecten</i>, L., Shepherd's-needle (D.).&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>Ranunculus arvensis</i>, L., Corn Crowfoot.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Crow's-legs</b>. <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crump</b>. To crunch or munch.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crumplings</b>, <b>Crumplens</b>. Small, imperfectly grown apples.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cubby-hole</b>. A snug corner, a sheltered place (A.S.). Also

+<small>Cooby</small>; cf. <small>Coopy-house</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuckoo</b>. About Salisbury <i>Saxifraga granulata</i> is known as

+<small>Dry</small> (or <small>Dryland</small>) <small>Cuckoo</small>, and <i>Cardamine pratensis</i> as <small>Water

+Cuckoo</small>, from their respective habitats. The use of <i>Cuckoo</i> in

+a plant-name always implies that it flowers in early spring.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuckoo-flower</b>. (1) <i>Cardamine pratensis</i>, L., Lady's Smock.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, L., Wood Anemone.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuckoo fool</b>. <i>Yunx torquilla</i>, the Wryneck.&mdash;N.W. (Broadtown.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuckoo-gate</b>. A swing-gate in a V-shaped enclosure.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuckoos</b>. <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, L., Wood Anemone.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cuckoo's bread-and-cheese</b>. The young shoots of the

+Hawthorn (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cuddickwaay</b>! Order to a horse to 'Come this way.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cue</b> (1), <i>n.</i> An ox-shoe (A.). Only used on flinty lands.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To shoe an ox.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cull</b>, or <b>Tom Cull</b>. <i>Cottus gobio</i>, the Bullhead (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Culls</b>. Sheep or lambs picked out of the flock, as inferior in

+size or in any other way, and sold. Fairs at which they are

+sold are called '<i>Cull Fairs</i>.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Curdle</b>. A curl of hair (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Curly-buttons</b>. Woodlice.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Curly-cob</b>. The Bullhead, <i>Cottus gobio</i>&mdash;S.W. (Bishopstone.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Curry-pig</b>. A sucking pig (H.Wr.). Also <small>Cure-pig</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cushion-pink</b>. <i>Armeria maritima</i>, Willd., Thrift; the garden

+variety.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cushions</b>. <i>Scabiosa arvensis</i>, L., Field Scabious.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(Enford, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cusnation</b>. An expletive (A.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Ha' done, Jonas! Dwon't 'e be a cussnation vool! I'll call missus!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 83.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cut-finger-leaf</b>. <i>Valeriana</i>, All-heal. The leaves are good for

+application to sluggish sores, whitlows, &amp;c. Mr. Cunnington

+quotes it as <i>V. dioica</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cutty</b>. <i>Troglodytes vulgaris</i>, the Wren (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>D</b>. (1) In comparatives, &amp;c., <i>d</i> is frequently added to

+liquids, as <i>coolder</i>, cooler; <i>thinder</i>, thinner; feeldins, feelings;

+and <i>scholard</i>, scholar. In <cite>Chronicon Vilodunense</cite>, fifteenth

+century, we find <i>jaylarde</i>, a gaoler. (2) It is also used for

+<i>th</i>, as <i>draish</i>, thresh; <i>droo</i>, through; <i>dree</i>, three. (3) <i>D</i>

+not sounded after a liquid; examples:&mdash;<i>veel</i>, field; <i>vine</i>, to

+find; <i>dreshol</i>, threshold.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daak</b>. See <small>Dawk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dab</b>. An expert at anything; sometimes used ironically, as

+'He's a perfect dab at gardening,' he knows nothing whatever

+about it.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dabster</b>. A proficient (A.). See <small>Dapster</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dack</b>. See <small>Dawk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daddick</b>, <b>Daddock</b>. <i>n.</i> Rotten wood (A.B.G.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daddicky</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of wood, decayed, rotten (A.B.S.). Cf.

+<small>Dicky</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Daddy's Whiskers</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daffy</b>. The usual name in N.W. for the wild Daffodil.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daggled</b>. See <small>Diggled</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daglet</b>. An icicle (A.H.S.Wr.). See <small>Daggled</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thatched roofs are always hung with "daglets" in frost.'&mdash;<cite>Village

+Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dain</b>. Noisome effluvia (A.B.C.H.Wr.). Formerly applied

+mainly to <i>infectious</i> effluvia, as 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo too

+nigh thuck there chap; he've a had the small-pox, and the

+dain be in his clothes still.' (See <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite>). Now

+used of very bad smells in general.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dainty</b>. Evil-smelling. 'That there meat's ter'ble dainty.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dall</b>. An expletive (S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>''Od dal th' vor'n ungrateful varment!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 50.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dandy-goshen</b>. See <small>Dandy-goslings</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dandy-goslings</b>. (1) <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L., Early Purple

+Orchis. See <small>Gandigoslings</small>, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>O. Morio</i>, L.,

+Green-winged Meadow Orchis. <small>Dandy-goshen</small> at Salisbury

+(<cite>English Plant Names</cite>), also at Little Langford.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dane</b>, <b>Daner</b>. In Kingston Deverill there was an old man

+who called red-haired men 'Danes,' or 'Daners,' as 'Thee

+bist a Dane.' This being in the centre of the Alfred

+district, the term may be a survival. In Somerset red-haired

+men are often said to be 'a bit touched with the

+Danes.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dane's Blood</b>. <i>Sambucus Ebulus</i>, L., Dwarf Elder (Aubrey's

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 50, ed. Brit.). It is popularly believed

+only to grow on the ancient battle-fields, and to have sprung

+originally from the blood of the slain Danes.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dap</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To rebound, as a ball.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i>

+The rebound of a ball.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dap on</b>. To pounce down on, to take unawares.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Daps</b>. (1) 'He's the daps on his feyther,' the very image of

+him (S.).&mdash;S.W. (2) 'He got the daps o' he's feyther,' he

+has the same tricks as his father.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<small>Dap</small>, a hop, a turn. The daps of any one would therefore be his

+habits, peculiarities, &amp;c.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jennings</span>, <cite>Somerset Gloss</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dapster</b>. *(1) A nimble boy.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill). (2) A

+proficient (S.). See <small>Dab</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dar</b>. <i>n.</i> 'To be struck in a dar, to be astonished or confounded.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington

+MS.</cite> Apparently from O.E. <i>dare</i>,

+to frighten birds.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Never hobby so dared a lark.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Burton</span>, <cite>Anatomy of Melancholy</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Daver</b>. To fade, fall down, droop, as flowers or leaves on

+a hot day.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dawk</b>, <b>Dack</b>, <b>Daak</b>, <b>Dauk</b>. To incise with a jerk, or insert

+a pointed weapon with rapidity (H.Wr.). To stab and tear

+together as a cat's claw does. To puncture.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Should a savage cat tear out a piece of flesh from the hand, she is

+said to "dawk" it out. Dawk expresses a ferocious stab and tear

+combined.'&mdash;<cite>Village Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Also used of a baker marking loaves:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Prick it and dack it and mark it with T,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">And put it in the oven for baby and me.'&mdash;<cite>Nursery Rhyme.</cite><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="ind2">This seems to be identical with A.S. <i>dalc</i>, <i>dolc</i>, Dutch and

+Danish <i>dolk</i>, Icel. <i>d�lkr</i>, Germ. <i>dolch</i>, all meaning a sharp

+piercing instrument, a skewer, a dagger, &amp;c. (Smythe-Palmer).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dead hedge</b>. A wattled fence (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. x).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dead pen</b>. A sheep pen is occasionally so called in S. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dead-roof</b>. A skilling roof made of bavins and thatched over.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dead year</b>. Often used with possessive pronoun, as 'his dead

+year,' the year immediately following his death (<cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 111). A widow should not marry again

+'afore the dead year's up.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Deaf-nettle</b>. <i>Lamium album</i>, L., the Dead nettle. Cf. <small>Dunch-nettle</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Deaf-nut</b>. A rotten or empty nut. <i>Deaf</i>=useless, inactive.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Deedy</b>. (1) Industrious, busy, as 'He's a deedy man.'&mdash;N.W.

+(2) Intent, as 'What bist looking so deedy at?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dee-gee</b>. Mr. William Cunnington writes us as follows:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Twas a Dee-gee" was the name of a kind of dance, which our old

+nurse taught us as children, mostly performed by moving sideways

+and knocking the feet together.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">This would seem to be a survival of the Elizabethan

+<i>heydeguies</i>. See Spenser, <cite>Shepherd's Calendar</cite>, June.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Densher</b>. To prepare down-land for cultivation by paring

+and burning the turf (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts Nat. Hist.</cite>, p. 103,

+ed. Brit.). See <small>Bake</small> and <small>Burn-bake</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Desight</b>, <b>Dissight</b>. An unsightly object (H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Devil-daisy</b>. <i>Matricaria Parthenium</i>, L., Common Feverfew,

+and <i>Anthemis Cotula</i>, L., Stinking Camomile, from their

+daisy-like flowers and unpleasant odour.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Devil-in-a-hedge</b>. <i>Nigella damascena</i>, Love in a mist.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Devil-screecher</b>. <i>Cypselus apus</i>, the Common Swift.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Devil's-ring</b>. A kind of hairy caterpillar which curls up on

+being touched (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xvii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Devyls-gold-rynge, the colewort worme.'&mdash;<cite>Huloet.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Oak-egger and fox moths, which children call "Devil's Gold

+Rings."'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Kingsley</span>, <cite>Chalk-stream Studies</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dew-beater</b>. A man who has large feet, or who turns out his

+toes, so that he brushes the dew off the grass in walking

+(A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The dew-beaters [early walkers, pioneers] have trod their way for

+those that come after them.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Hacket's</span> <cite>Life of Williams</cite>, i. 57.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dew-bi</b>. A very early breakfast (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dew-pond</b>. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but

+kept up by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail,

+even in the longest drought. Also <small>Mist-pond</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dewsiers</b>. The valves of a pig's heart (A.B.G.); a corruption

+of O.F. <i>jusier</i>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Deyhus</b>, <b>Da'us</b>, <b>Day'us</b>. A dairy, a cheese-room (A.B.). From

+<i>deye</i>, a dairymaid; Icel. <i>deigja</i> (Skeat). In this and similar

+words, as Brewhouse, Woodhouse, &amp;c., <i>house</i> is always

+pronounced as A.S. <i>h�s</i> (Akerman), the <i>h</i>, however, not

+being invariably sounded.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dibs</b>. A game played by boys with sheep's dibs or knuckle-bones

+(S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dick-and-his-team</b>. The Great Bear.&mdash;N.W. Compare Jack-and-his-team.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I know the north star; there it is.... And the Great Bear; the

+men call it Dick and his Team.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. vi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dicker</b>. (1) To bedeck. 'Gels be allus a dickerin' therselves

+up now-a-days.'&mdash;N.W. (Huish.) (2) 'As thick as they

+can dicker,' very intimate.&mdash;S.W. (Amesbury.) 'All in

+a dicker (or 'digger'),' very close together.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dicky</b>. (1) Of vegetables, decayed. (2) Of persons or

+plants, weakly or in ill-health (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii.

+p. 110). Cf. <small>Daddicky</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dicky-birds</b>. <i>Fumaria officinalis</i>, L., Common Fumitory.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Diedapper</b>. <i>Podiceps minor</i>, the Dabchick; <i>Divedapper</i> in Shakespeare.

+In common use at Salisbury until quite recently.

+Before the streams running through the city were covered

+over, it was an every-day occurrence to see a dripping urchin

+making for home, with an escort of friends at his heels

+yelling 'Diedapper, Diedapper, Diedapper, die!'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Diggle</b>. <i>v.</i> To grow thickly together. 'They weeds be

+a coming up agen as thick as ever they can diggle.' See

+<small>Dicker</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Potterne.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Diggled</b>, <b>Daggled</b>. Covered over or hung thickly with anything.

+Compare <small>Daglet</small>. 'Thick may-bush be aal diggled

+wi' berries.'&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Diggles</b>. <i>n.</i> Abundance, plenty (S.). 'Let's go a blackberryin';

+there's diggles up Grovely.' See <small>Diggle</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dill</b>, <b>Dill Duck</b>. A young duck.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dillcup</b>. <i>Ranunculus Ficaria</i>, L., Lesser Celandine (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Diller</b>. The shaft-horse (H.Wr.). See <small>Thiller</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dills</b>. See <small>Thills</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dimmets</b>. Dusk, twilight.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ding</b>. To strike violently (<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xv).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dishabille</b>. A labourer's working clothes. The word is not

+used in Wilts in its ordinary sense of undress or negligent

+costume, but a common excuse for not appearing at church

+is that a man has nothing but his <i>dishabille</i> to wear. Fr.

+<i>d�shabill�</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dishwasher</b>. (1) <i>Motacilla flava</i>, the Yellow Wagtail (A.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>M. Yarrellii</i>, the Pied Wagtail (A.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Do</b>. 'To do for any one,' to manage or keep house for him.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dock</b>. <i>Malva sylvestris</i>, L., Common Mallow (A.). Now

+restricted to <i>Rumex</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dodder</b>, <b>Dudder</b>, <b>Duther</b>, &amp;c. (1) <i>v.</i> To bewilder, to deafen

+with noise (A.B.H.S.Wr.). 'I be vinny doddered, they childern

+do yop so.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> 'All in a dudder,'

+quite bewildered (H.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To deaden

+anything, as pain. 'It sort o' dudders the pain.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Doddle-grass</b>. <i>Briza media</i>, L., Quaking Grass (<cite>English Plant

+Names</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Doddler</b>. 'A bit of a doddler,' a small boy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog, how beest</b>? This phrase seems worth noting. At

+Clyffe Pypard a person complaining of loneliness, or the

+want of sociability or kindness amongst the neighbours, will

+say, 'There isn't one as 'll so much as look in and say, "Dog,

+how beest?"'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog-Cocks</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint. Compare <i>Dogs-dibble</i>

+in N. Devon.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog-daisy</b>. Any large daisy-like white flower, such as <i>Chrysanthemum

+leucanthemum</i>, L., Ox-eye Daisy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dogged</b>. (2 syl.) Very, excessively; as <i>dogged cute</i> (A.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Maester was dogged deep, but I was deeper!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 110.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dog out</b>. To drive out anything, as a sheep out of a quagmire,

+by setting the dog furiously at it (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog's-mouth</b>. <i>Linaria vulgari</i>s, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dom</b>. A door case (H.Wr.): probably a mistake for <i>Dorn</i> or

+<i>Doorn</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Domel</b>. See <small>Dumble</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Doner</b>. A man, animal, &amp;c., 'done for' and past hope (S.).

+'Thuck old sow be a dunner; her 'll be dead afore night.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Donnings</b>. Clothes (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dooke</b>. (2 syl.) Do ye, will ye. 'Be quiet, dooke'

+(H.M.Wr.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Obsolete, having been superseded by <i>do 'ee</i>. It was pronounced as

+a dissyllable.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Skeat</span>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Door-Drapper</b> (i.e. Dropper or Dripper). The piece of wood

+fastened to the bottom of cottage doors to shoot the water off

+the 'Dreshol' (threshold).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Doorn</b>. A door frame (H.Wr.). Also <small>Durn</small> (S.). At Warminster

+applied only to the sides of a door-frame.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Double</b>. 'He is a double man,' i.e. bent double with age or

+infirmity.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Double-Dumb-Nettle</b>. <i>Ballota nigra</i>, L., Black Horehound.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Double-ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs</b>. <i>Anthyllis vulneraria</i>, L.,

+Kidney Vetch.&mdash;N.W. (Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Double-mound</b>. A double hedge (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. xi;

+<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. ix. p. 152). See <small>Mound</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Double Pincushion</b>. <i>Anthyllis vulneraria</i>, L., Kidney Vetch.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Doublets</b>. Twin lambs (<cite>Annals of Agric.</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dough-fig</b>. The same as <small>Lem-feg</small>. A Turkey Fig.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dout</b>. To put out, as 'Dout the candle' (A.B.S.): to smother

+or extinguish fire by beating.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'An extinguisher "douts" a candle; the heel of a boot "douts" a

+match thrown down. But the exact definition of "dout" is to

+smother, or extinguish by beating.'&mdash;<cite>Village Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dowl</b>. The fine down of a bird.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Coots and moor-hens must be skinned, they could not be plucked

+because of the "dowl." Dowl is the fluff, the tiny featherets no

+fingers can remove.'&mdash;<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Down</b>. To tire out, to exhaust. 'That there 'oss's downed.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Wroughton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Down-along</b>. 'He lives down-along,' a little way down the

+street (S.), as opposed to 'up-along.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Down-arg</b>. To contradict in an overbearing manner (A.B.S.),

+to browbeat.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Down-dacious</b>. Audacious (S.). 'Her's a right downdacious

+young vaggot, that her is!'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Down-haggard</b>. Disconsolate (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Down-hearten</b>. To feel disheartened. 'A be vurry bad, but

+I don't down-hearten about un.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dowse</b>. A blow (A.B.C.S.), as 'a dowse in the chops.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dowst</b>. (1) Chaff or cave. <small>Dust</small> (D.). (2) 'To go to

+dowst,' go to bed, perhaps from <i>dowst</i> (chaff) being used to

+fill mattresses. Heard at Huish occasionally, but not traced

+elsewhere.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dowst-coob</b>. The chaff cupboard in a stable.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drag</b>. A harrow (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drail</b>. (1) In a plough, the iron bow from which the

+traces draw, and by which the furrow is set (D.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>Crex pratensis</i>, the Landrail.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Drainted</b>. Of dirt, ingrained (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drang</b>, <b>Drangway</b>, <b>Drung</b>. (1) A narrow lane. <small>Drun</small>

+(H.Wr.).&mdash;S.W. (2) A narrow passage between walls or

+houses. Drun (H.Wr.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drangway</b>. See <small>Drang</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drashel</b>, <b>Dreshol</b>, &amp;c. A flail (D.). The correct term for a flail

+is a <i>drashel</i>, but '<i>a pair o' drashells</i>' (or 'dreshols') is more

+commonly used, as two men generally work together.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Drattle</b>. Much talk (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Draught</b>. A cart-shaft. <small>Draats</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Draughts</b>. Hazel-rods selected for hurdle-making (D.). A

+'draught' is not a rod, but a bundle of long wood suitable

+for hurdles or pea-sticks, bound with a single withe.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drave</b>. 'I be slaving an' draving (i.e. working myself to

+death) for he, night and day.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Draw</b>. (1) A squirrel's dray or nest.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough.)

+(2) Rarely applied to a large nest, as a hawk's. Compare:&mdash;'<i>Draw</i>,

+to build a nest (<cite>Berners</cite>),' an old hawking term.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drawing</b>. See <small>Drawn</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drawn</b>. In a water-meadow, the large open main drain which

+carries the water back to the river, after it has passed

+through the various carriages and trenches.&mdash;S.W. In

+every-day use about Salisbury, and along the Avon and

+Wiley from Downton to Codford, but rarely heard elsewhere.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Many of the meadows on either length [near Salisbury] abound in

+ditches and "drawns."'&mdash;<cite>Fishing Gazette</cite>, July 18, 1891, p. 40, col. 2.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I ... descried three birds, standing quite still [at Britford] by the

+margin of a flooded "drawing."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xxi. 229.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dredge</b>, <b>Drodge</b>. Barley and oats grown together.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dribs-and-Drabs</b>. Odds and ends. 'All in dribs and drabs,'

+all in tatters.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drieth</b>. See <small>Dryth</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drift</b>. A row of felled underwood (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dripple</b> See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drive</b>. Of manure, to stimulate growth. 'Thur, that'll drive

+th' rhubub, <em>I</em> knaws!'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drock</b>. (1) A short drain under a roadway, often made

+with a hollow tree.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) A broad flat stone

+laid as a bridge across a ditch (<cite>Amaryllis at the Fair</cite>).&mdash;N.W.

+(Castle Eaton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Drock, a water-way, or sometimes the stone slab over a narrow

+ditch.'&mdash;<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>, Aug. 1893.</p>

+

+<p>'1674. Item Paid Richard Serrell for a Stone to make a Drocke.&mdash;<cite>Records

+of Chippenham</cite>, p. 230.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(3) A water-course (H.Wr.). A water-way (<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>,

+Aug. 1893).&mdash;N.W. (Castle Eaton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Where meaning a water way, it is usually spoken of as a Drockway,

+"drock" alone being the passage over the ditch.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Miss E.

+Boyer-Brown.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(4) Used in compounds such as <small>Well-drock</small>, windlass.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drockway</b>. See <small>Drock</small> (3).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drodge</b>. See <small>Dredge</small> .</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dromedary</b>. (1) <i>Centaurea nigra</i>, L., Black Knapweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.) (2) <i>Centaurea Scabiosa</i>, L.,

+Hardheads.&mdash;S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dropping</b>. 'A dropping summer,' one when there is a shower

+every two or three days (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. ii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drove</b>. A green roadway on a farm.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drown</b>. To turn the water over the meadows.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drowner</b>. The man who attends to the hatches, managing

+the supply of water, and turning it on and off the meadows

+at the proper times.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Drowning-bridge</b>. A water-meadow sluice-gate (A.B.G.H.

+Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drowning-carriage</b>. A large water-course for drowning a

+meadow. See <small>Carriage</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Droy</b>. A thunderbolt (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>, H.Wr.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Drucked</b>. Filled to overflowing (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drug</b>. (1) 'To drug timber,' to draw it out of the woods

+under a pair of wheels (D.).&mdash;N.W. (2) 'To drug a

+wheel,' to put on some kind of drag or chain.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Druid's-hair</b>. Long moss (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drun</b>. See <small>Drang</small> (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drunge</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A crowd or crush of people (H.Wr.)&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To squeeze (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drunkards</b>. Flowers of <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold;

+probably from the way in which they suck up water when

+placed in a vase. The reason assigned by children for the

+name is that if you look long at them you will be sure to

+take to drink.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dry Cuckoo</b>, or <b>Dryland Cuckoo</b>. <i>Saxifraga granulata</i>, L.,

+White Meadow Saxifrage. See <small>Cuckoo</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dryth</b>, or <b>Drieth</b>. Dryness, drought.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1633. The cryer ... to give warninge to the inhabitants to sett

+payles of water at their doores in the late tyme of drieth and heate.'&mdash;<cite>Records

+of Chippenham</cite>, p. 206.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dub</b>. To pelt with stones. 'Just dub that apple down out of

+the tree, will 'ee?' See <small>Frog-dubbing</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dubbed</b>. Blunt, pointless (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dubbing</b>. 'A dubbin' o' drenk,' a pint or mug of beer

+(A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dubby</b>. Oily.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Duck's-frost</b>. A very slight white frost.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'That kind of frost which comes on in the early morning, and is

+accompanied with some rime on the grass&mdash;a duck's frost, just sufficient

+to check fox-hunting.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Duckstone</b>. A game played by boys with stones (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dudder</b>. See <small>Dodder</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dudge</b>. (1) A bundle of anything used to stop a hole.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) 'Peg the dudge,' tap the

+barrel (A.B.G.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dudman</b>. A scarecrow.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dumb-Ague</b>. A kind of ague which is not accompanied by

+the usual shaking fits. ''Tis what 'ee do caal the dumb-agey.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dumble</b>. Stupid, dull (A.B.H.Wr.); also <small>Domel, Dummel, &amp;c.</small>&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Severe weather ... makes all wild animals "dummel" in provincial

+phrase,&mdash;i.e. stupid, slow to move.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dumbledore</b>, or <b>Dumble</b>. The Humble-bee (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Th' mak'st a noise like a dumbledore in a pitcher.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>,

+p. 68.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dumb Nettle</b>. <i>Lamium album</i>, L., White Dead-nettle.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dump</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'A treacle dump,' a kind of coarse sweetmeat.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To blunt, as 'I've dumped my

+scythe against a stone.'&mdash;N.W. (3) A pollard tree, as

+'Ash-dump,' or 'Willow-dump.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dum-put</b>. See <small>Dung-pot</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch</b>. (1) Deaf (A.B.C.); now rarely so used. In <cite>Cunnington

+MS.</cite> said to be at that time the usual N. Wilts term

+for <i>deaf</i>.&mdash;N &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Ah! Molly, ye purtends to be as dunch as a bittle, but I kneows

+'e hears ev'ry word I zays.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 81.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Stupid, heavy; now the common use. 'The wapses gets

+dunch' in late autumn. A labourer who can't be made to

+understand orders is 'dunch.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) Of bread,

+heavy (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vii). Cf. <small>Dunch-dumpling.</small>&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W. <small>Dunchy</small> is frequently used in S. Wilts instead of

+<small>Dunch</small>, but usually means deaf.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch-dumpling</b>. A hard-boiled flour-and-water dumpling

+(A.B.C.) See <small>Dunch</small> (3).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch-nettle</b>, <b>Dunse-nettle</b>. (1) <i>Lamium purpureum</i>, L.,

+Red Dead-nettle. <small>Dunch</small>=stupid, inactive. Cf. <small>Deaf-nettle</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>Lamium album</i>, L., White Dead-nettle.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dung-pot</b>. A dung-cart (D.); rarely <small>Dum-put</small>. See <small>Pot</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Dup</b>. 'To dup the door,' to open or unfasten it (<cite>Lansd. MS.</cite>

+1033).&mdash;Obsolete. Cf. :&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Then up he rose, and donn'd his clothes,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">And dupp'd the chamber-door.'&mdash;<cite>Hamlet</cite>, iv. 5.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="ind2">The word now means the very reverse.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dutch Elder</b>. <i>Aegopodium Podagraria</i>, L., Goutweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Duther</b>, <b>Dutter</b>. See <small>Dodder</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Ea-grass</b>. After-grass (D.); Lammas grass as well as aftermath.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eass</b> (sometimes <b>Yees</b>). An earthworm.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Edge-growed</b>. Of barley, both growing and ripening irregularly;

+the result of a want of rain after it is first sown (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eel-scrade</b>. A kind of eel-trap.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A trap used to catch eels, placed near a weir. The water is turned

+into the scrade when high, and the fish washed up to a stage through

+which the water finds an outlet, the fish, however, being retained on

+the platform by a piece of sloping iron.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">F. M. Willis.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eel-sticher</b>. An eel-spear.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Wishing to secure [a Little Grebe] in summer plumage, I asked

+the old "drowner" in our meadows to look out for one for me&mdash;and

+this he very soon did, fishing one out from under the water between

+the spikes of his eel-sticher, as it was diving under the water.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> xxii. 193.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Effet</b>, <b>Evet</b>. <i>Lissotriton punctatus</i>, the Newt (A.S.)&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'She ... sometimes peered under the sage-bush to look at the

+"effets" that hid there.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eggs-and-Bacon</b>. <i>Linaria vulgaris</i>, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.

+Cf. <small>Bacon-and-Eggs</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Eggs-eggs</b>. Fruit of the hawthorn.&mdash;S.W. (Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Elet</b>. Fuel (H.Wr.). *<small>Ollit</small> (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>).&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Elm</b>, <b>Helm</b>, or <b>Yelm</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To make up 'elms.'&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Two or three women are busy "yelming," i.e. separating the

+straw, selecting the longest and laying it level and parallel, damping

+it with water, and preparing it for the yokes.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> (Almost invariably pl.,'elms' being the usual form).

+Small bundles or handfuls of fresh straw, damped and laid

+out straight for the thatcher's use (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi). See

+<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 111. According to Prof.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span>

+Skeat <i>yelm</i>, seldom now used in Wilts, is the correct form,

+from A.S. <i>gilm</i>, a handful. About Marlborough it is usually

+pronounced as <i>Yelms</i>, but at Clyffe Pypard there is not the

+slightest sound of <i>y</i> in it. Elsewhere it is frequently

+pronounced as <i>Ellums</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eltrot</b>. <i>Heracleum Sphondylium</i>, L., Cow-parsnip (S.). *<small>Altrot</small>

+at Zeals.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Emmet</b>. The Ant (S.). 'Ant' is never used in Wilts.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Emmet-heap</b>. An anthill.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>En</b>. (1) <i>pl. termination</i>, as <small>Housen</small>, houses; <small>Hipsen</small>, rose-berries;

+<small>Keyn</small>, keys; <small>Facen</small>, faces; <small>Wenchen</small>, girls; <small>Bluen</small>,

+blossoms; <small>Naas'n</small>, nests (rarely heard, <i>Nestises</i> being the

+usual form); <small>Pigs'-sousen</small>, pigs'-ears.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In North Wilts ... the formation of the Plural by affixing <i>en</i> to

+the Noun is almost universal, as house housen, &amp;c.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>adj. term.</i>, as <small>Harnen</small>, made of horn; <small>Stwonen</small>, of stone;

+<small>Elmin</small>, of elm wood, &amp;c. '<small>Boughten</small> bread,' baker's bread,

+as opposed to home-made. 'A <small>dirten</small> floor,' a floor made

+of earth, beaten hard. 'A <small>tinnin</small> pot.' 'A <small>glassen</small> cup.'

+<small>Boarden</small>, made of boards; <small>Treen-dishes</small>, wooden platters,

+&amp;c. 'There's some volk as thinks to go droo life in glassen

+slippers.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Almost as universal too is the transformation of the Substantive

+into an adjective by the same termination as ... a Leatheren Shoe,

+an elmen Board, &amp;c.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(3) See <small>Pronouns</small>.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The pronoun Possessive too is formed in the same way, as hisn

+hern Ourn theirn.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>English Parrot</b>. <i>Picus viridis</i>, the Green Woodpecker (<cite>Birds

+of Wilts</cite>, p. 251).&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ether</b>, <b>Edder</b>. The top-band of a fence, the wands of hazel,

+&amp;c., woven in along the top of a 'dead hedge,' or wattled

+fence, to keep it compact (A.B.). A 'stake and ether' fence.

+A.S. <i>edor</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Mughall [Midghall] had nothing to doe withought [without] the

+Eyther [hedge] between Bradene Lane and Shropshire Marsh.'&mdash;1602,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span>

+MS., <cite>Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne, N.W.</cite>, in Devizes

+Museum.</p></blockquote>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'An eldern stake and blackthorn ether<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Will make a hedge to last for ever.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Saying</cite> (A.).<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eve</b>. See <small>Heave</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Even-ash</b>. Ash-leaves with an equal number of leaflets, carried

+by children in the afternoon of the 29th May (<cite>Wild Life</cite>,

+ch. v). See <small>Shitsac</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Evet</b>. See <small>Effet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ex</b>, pl. <b>Exes</b>. An axle (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Eyles</b>. See <small>Ailes</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>F</b>. (1) <i>F</i> for <i>th</i>. Examples :.&mdash;<i>Fust</i>, thirst; <i>afust</i>, athirst.

+An old characteristic of the Western and South-Western

+groups of dialect. (2) F, at the beginning of a word, is

+frequently sounded as <i>v</i>, as fall, <i>vall</i>; flick, <i>vlick</i>; font, <i>vant</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fadge</b>. See <small>Fodge</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fag</b>. See <small>Vag</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Faggot</b>, <b>Fakket</b>. (1) A woman of bad character is 'a nasty

+stinking faggot (or vaggot).' Often used in a milder sense,

+as 'You young vaggot! [you bad girl] what be slapping the

+baby vor?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Damn you vor a gay wench, vor that's what you be, an' no mistake

+about it; a vaggot as I wun't hae in <em>my</em> house no longer.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>,

+ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning, covered

+with 'flare': also known as <small>Bake-faggot</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Tripe an mince meat,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Vaggots an pigs veet,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">An blackpuddins stale, on which to regale.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Slow's</span> <cite>Poems</cite>, p. 26.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Falarie</b>. Disturbance, excitement, commotion.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Look'ee here, there 've bin a fine falarie about you, Zur." He

+meant that there had been much excitement when it was found that

+Bevis was not in the garden, and was nowhere to be found.'&mdash;<cite>Wood

+Magic</cite>, ch. ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Used about Wilton, but not so extensively as its synonym <i>rumpus</i>.'&mdash;<cite>Letter

+from Mr. Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fall about</b>. <i>v.</i> Of a woman: to be confined. 'His wife bin

+an' fell about laas' night.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fall down</b>. Of arable land: to be allowed to relapse of itself

+into poor rough pasture.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Some of the land is getting "turnip-sick," the roots come stringy

+and small and useless, so that many let it "vall down."'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>,

+ch. i. p. 6.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Falling</b>. <i>n.</i> A downfall of snow. 'I thenks we shall have

+some vallen soon.' Only used of snow.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Falling-post</b>. The front upright timber of a gate. Occasionally

+heard at Huish; <small>Head</small>, however, being the more usual term

+there.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Falsify</b>. Of seeds, young trees, &amp;c.: to fail, to come to nought.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fancy man</b>. A married woman's lover. 'He be Bill's wife's

+fancy man, that's what <em>he</em> do be.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fang</b>. To strangle; to bind a wounded limb so tightly as to

+stop the flow of blood (A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fantag</b>, <b>Fanteague</b>, &amp;c. (1) <i>n.</i> Fluster, fuss. <small>Fantaig</small> (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Vagaries or larks, as 'Now, none o'

+your fantaigs here!' At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., 'a regular

+fantaig' would be a flighty flirting lad or girl, a 'wondermenting

+or gammotty sort of a chap.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fardingale</b>. A quarter of an acre (H.Wr. <cite>Lansd. MS.</cite>). The

+old form is <i>Farding-deal</i> (Wr.). Compare <i>Thurindale</i>, &amp;c.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1620. Itm, to the same Thomas &amp; Nicholas Lea for theire helpe

+to laye the Acres into ffarendells.'&mdash;<cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, p. 202.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1649. Twoe ffarthendels of grasse.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> p. 217.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Farewell Summer</b>. The Michaelmas Daisy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fashion</b>. The farcey, a disease in horses (A.H.Wr.). Fr.

+<i>farcin</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'An old Wiltshire farmer, when his grand-daughters appeared before

+him with any new piece of finery, would ask what it all meant. The

+girls would reply, "<i>fashion</i>, gran'v�ther!" when the old man would

+rejoin, "Ha! many a good horse has died o' th' fashion!"'&mdash;<cite>Akerman.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Favour</b>. To resemble in features, &amp;c. 'He doesn't favour you,

+Sir.... He is his mother's own boy.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Featish</b>. Fair, tolerable (A.B.). Used of health, crops, &amp;c.

+'How be 'e ?' 'Featish, thank 'e.'&mdash;'There's a featish crop

+o' grass yander!' (A.). M.E. <i>fetis</i> (in Chaucer), O.F. fetis,

+<i>faitis</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The worthy farmer proceeded to ask how the children got on at

+the Sunday-school. "Oh, featish, zur ... Sally, yander ... her's

+gettin' on oonderful."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, pp. 139-140.</p>

+

+<p>'"How's your voice?" "Aw, featish [fairish]. I zucked a thrush's

+egg to clear un."'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferns Farm</cite>, ch. i.</p>

+

+<p>'"Ees, this be featish tackle," meaning the liquor was good.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i>

+ch. vii.</p>

+

+<p>'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> ch. i.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fern Buttercup</b>. <i>Potentilla Anserina</i>, L., Silverweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fess</b>. (1) Of animals: bad-tempered, fierce. A cat with its

+back up looks 'ter'ble fess.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Cocky,

+impudent, confident. Also used in Hants.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.

+(3) Proud, stuck-up (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fet</b>. See <small>Preterites</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fevertory</b>. <i>Fumaria</i>, Fumitory, from which a cosmetic for

+removing freckles used to be distilled.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'If you wish to be pure and holy,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Wash your face with fevertory.'&mdash;<cite>Local Rhyme.</cite><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Few</b>. 'A goodish few,' or 'a main few,' a considerable quantity

+or number.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I ferrets a goodish few rabbits on bright nights in winter.'&mdash;<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fiddle-strings</b>. The ribs of the Plantain leaf, when pulled

+out. See <small>Cat-gut</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Field</b>. The space, or bay, between beam and beam in

+a barn, as 'a barn of four fields.' (D.).</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Figged</b> (<i>two syll.</i>), <b>Figgedy</b>, <b>Figgetty</b>, <b>Figgy</b>. (1) Made

+with a few 'figs,' or raisins, as 'viggy pudden.' Figged

+Pudding, Plum pudding (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite>, 1814). Figgetty

+Pooden (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <small>Figged.</small> Spotted all over,

+as a pudding is with plums.&mdash;S.W. A true-born Moon-raker,

+describing his first night in 'Lunnon,' where he

+made the acquaintance of numerous members of the 'Norfolk-Howard'

+family (<i>Cimex lectularius</i>), spoke of his face

+as being 'vigged aal auver wi' spots an' bumps afore

+marning.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fighting-cocks</b>. <i>Plantago media</i>, L., and other Plantains.

+Children 'fight' them, head against head.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Filtry</b>. Rubbish. 'Ther's a lot o' filtry about this house.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fine</b>. Of potatoes, very small.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fingers-and-Thumbs</b>. Blossoms of <i>Ulex Europaeus</i>, L., Common

+Furze (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fire-deal</b>. A good deal (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fire-new</b>, <b>Vire-new</b>. Quite new (A.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Firk</b>. (1) To worry mentally, to be anxious; as 'Don't

+firk so,' or 'Don't firk yourself.' A cat does not <i>firk</i>

+a mouse when 'playing' with it, but the mouse <i>firks</i>

+grievously.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough). (2) To be officiously

+busy or inquisitive, as 'I can't abear that there chap

+a-comin' firkin' about here.' A policeman getting up a case

+<i>firks about</i> the place, ferreting out all the evidence he can.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fitten</b>. A pretence (A.B.).&mdash;Obsolete. Compare:</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He doth feed you with fittons, figments, and leasings.'&mdash;<cite>Cynthia's

+Revels.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fitty</b>. In good health. 'How be 'ee?' 'Ter'ble fitty.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Flabber-gaster</b>. <i>n.</i> Idle talk (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flag</b>. The blade of wheat.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The wheat was then showing a beautiful flag.... The flag is the

+long narrow green leaf of the wheat.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. i. p. 8.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flake</b>. <i>n.</i> (1) A frame, barred with ash or willow spars,

+somewhat resembling a light gate, used as a hurdle where

+extra strength is needed (<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. xii; <cite>Wild Life</cite>,

+ch. iv). 'Flake' hurdles are used to divide a field, or for

+cattle, the ordinary sheep hurdles being too weak for the

+purpose.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To make 'flakes.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flamtag</b>. A slatternly woman.&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flare</b>. (1) The flick, or internal fat of a pig, before it is

+melted down to make lard.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) The caul,

+or thin skin of the intestines of animals, used for covering

+'bake-faggots,' &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fleck</b>. See <small>Flick</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flews</b>. A sluice is occasionally so called. See <small>Flowse</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flewy</b>. Of a horse, troubled with looseness. 'He's what

+we calls a flewy 'oss, can't kip nothing in 'im.' Cf. North

+of Eng. <i>Flewish</i>, morally or physically weak. In Hants

+a horse of weakly constitution is said to be <i>flue</i> or <i>fluey</i>

+(Cope).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flick</b>, <b>Fleck</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The internal fat of a pig (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. *(2) <i>v.</i> To flare (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flig-me-jig</b>. A girl of doubtful character. 'Her's a reg'lar

+flig-me-jig.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flirk</b>. To flip anything about (H.Wr.), as a duster in flicking

+a speck of dust off a table (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Flirt is the

+S. Wilts form of the word.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Flitch</b>. (1) Pert, lively, officious (A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Right flygge and mery.' <cite>Paston Letters</cite>, iv. 412.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(2) To be <i>flick</i> or <i>flitch</i> with any one, to be familiar or

+intimate (C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flitmouse</b>. The bat. A shortened form of <i>Flittermouse</i>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flitters</b>. Pieces. A cup falls, and is broken 'aal to vlitters.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Floating</b> or <b>Flowing meadow</b>. A meadow laid up in

+ridges with water-carriages on each ridge and drains

+between (D.). A lowland meadow watered from a river,

+as opposed to Catch-meadow (<cite>Annals of Agric.</cite>). <small>Floted

+meadowes</small> (Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 51, ed. Brit.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flod</b>. See <small>Preterites</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flop-a-dock</b>. <i>Digitalis purpurea</i>, L., Foxglove.&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Floppetty</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of a woman, untidy, slatternly in dress or

+person. <small>Flopperty</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flowing Meadows</b>. See <small>Floating Meadows</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flowse</b>. (1) <i>v. act.</i> You 'flowse,' or splash, the water

+over you in a bath.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v. neut.</i> Water is

+said to be 'flowsing down' when rushing very strongly

+through a mill hatch. A horse likes to 'flowse about' in

+a pond.&mdash;S.W. (3) <i>n.</i> The rush of water through a

+hatch.&mdash;S.W. (4) <i>n.</i> Occasionally also applied to the

+narrow walled channel between the hatch gate and the pool

+below.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flucksey</b>. <i>adj.</i> 'A flucksey old hen,' i.e. a hen who makes

+a great fuss over her chickens.&mdash;S.W. (Bishopstrow, &amp;c.)

+Cope's <cite>Hants Glossary</cite> has:&mdash;'<i>Flucks</i>, to peck in anger like

+a hen.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flump</b>. 'To come down flump, like a twoad from roost,' to

+fall heavily (A.B.S.); also used alone as a verb, as 'Her

+vlumped down in thic chair.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flunk</b>. A spark of fire; probably a form of <small>Blink</small>, q.v.

+<small>Vlonker</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flush</b>. *(1) <i>n.</i> Of grass, a strong and abundant growth

+(<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii). (2) <i>adj.</i> Of grass, &amp;c., luxuriant.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>adj.</i> Of young birds, fledged (A.B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flustrated</b>. (1) Taken aback, flustered.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A didn't zay anything ... but a looked a leetle flustrated like.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 119.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Tipsy.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fluttery</b>. Of weather, catchy, uncertain, showery. ''T ull

+be a main fluttery hay-making to-year, I warnd.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fodder</b>. A labourer 'fodders' his boots&mdash;stuffs soft hay

+into them to fill up, when they are too large for him

+(<cite>Village Miners</cite>).</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fodge</b> (rarely <b>Fadge</b>). In packing fleeces of wool, when the

+quantity is too small to make up a full 'bag' of 240 lbs.,

+the ends of the bag are gathered together as required, and

+the sides skewered over them, thus forming the small

+package known as a 'fodge.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fog</b>. <i>v.</i> To give fodder to cattle. Cf. Welsh <i>ffwg</i>, dry grass.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<i>Fogging</i>, the giving of fodder ... from a Middle English root ... is

+common in Mid-Wilts.'&mdash;<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>, Aug. 1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fog off</b>. To damp off, as cuttings often do in a greenhouse.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fogger</b>. A man who attends to the cows and takes them

+their fodder morning and evening (<cite>My Old Village</cite>, &amp;c.).

+A groom or man-servant (H.Wr.), the duties of groom and

+fogger being usually discharged by the same man on farms

+about Marlborough.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Foldsail</b>, <b>Fossel</b>. A fold-shore (D.). See <small>Sails</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A fold stake, locally called a "fossle."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xxi. 132.</p>

+

+<p>'The "fossels" means the <i>fold-shores</i>, or the <i>stakes</i> to which the

+hurdles are shored up, and fastened with a loose twig wreath at the

+top.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> xvii. 304.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fold-shore</b>. A stake pitched to support a hurdle (D.H.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Follow or Follow on</b>. To continue.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'If you do want a good crop, you must <i>follow on</i> a hoeing o' the

+ground; but you can't do no hoeing so long as it do <i>follow</i> raining.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 111.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Folly</b>. A circular plantation of trees on a hill, as 'Harnham

+Folly,' or 'The Long Folly' on Compton Down. This seems

+quite distinct from its more general use as applied to a tower

+or other building which is too pretentious or costly for its

+builder's position and means.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Every hill seems to have a Folly," she said, looking round. "I

+mean a clump of trees on the top."'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. vi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Foot-cock</b>. The small cock into which hay is first put (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Footy</b>. Paltry (A.B.), as a present not so large as was expected

+(<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>For</b>. Often affixed to the verbs <i>say</i> and <i>think</i>. ''Tean't the

+same as you said for'; 'I bean't as old as you thinks for.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fore-eyed</b>. Fore-seeing, apt to look far ahead (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fore-spur</b>. A fore-leg of pork (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Forefeed</b>, <b>Vorfeed</b>. To turn cattle out in spring into a pasture

+which is afterwards to be laid up for hay.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Foreright</b>, <b>Vorright</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Headstrong, self-willed. 'He's

+that vorright there's no telling he anything.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>adj.</i> Blunt, rude, candid.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.) (3)

+Just opposite. 'The geat's vorright thuck shard.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Forel</b>. The actual cover of a book, not the material in which

+it is bound. This is the usual term in Som. Old Fr. <i>fourrel</i>,

+a sheath, case.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fork</b>. The apparatus used by thatchers for carrying the elms

+up to the roof.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Forester</b>. (1) A New Forest horse-fly.&mdash;S.W. (2) Any

+very tall thistle growing among underwood.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fossel</b>. See <small>Foldsail</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fot</b>. See <small>Preterites</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frame</b> A skeleton. 'Her's nothing in the world but a frame.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Frea</b>, <b>Fry</b>. To make a brushwood drain (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Freglam</b>. Odds and ends of cold vegetables, fried up with

+a little bacon to give a relish. Compare Lanc. <i>Braughwham</i>,

+cheese, eggs, clap-bread, and butter, all boiled together.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>French Grass</b>. <i>Onobrychis sativa</i>, L., Sainfoin.&mdash;N.W.

+(Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fresh liquor</b>. Unsalted hog's-fat (A).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frickle</b>, <b>Friggle</b>. (1) To potter about at little jobs, such as

+an old man can do. 'I bain't up to a day's work now;

+I can't do nothing but frickle about in my garne.'&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W. (2) To fidget, to worry about a thing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He freggled [fidgetted] hisself auver thuck paason as come a bit

+ago.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frickling</b>, <b>Friggling</b>. <i>adj.</i> Tiresome, involving much minute

+attention or labour. Used of fiddling little jobs.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Friggle</b>. <i>n.</i> A worrying little piece of work. 'I be so caddled

+wi' aal these yer friggles, I caan't hardly vind time vor a bit

+o' vittles.' See <small>Frickle</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frith</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'Quick,' or young whitethorn for planting

+hedges.&mdash;N.W. *(2) <i>n.</i> Thorns or brush underwood (D).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1605. Itm to James Smalwood for an Acre &amp; halfe of hedginge

+frith out of Heywood.... Item for felling the same frith.'&mdash;<cite>Records of

+Chippenham</cite>, p. 194.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(3) <i>v.</i> To make a brushwood drain, as opposed to <small>Grip</small>,

+q.v. (D).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Froar</b>. Frozen (A.B.S.); generally <small>Vroar</small> or <small>Vr&#335;r</small> in N. Wilts,

+but the usual form at Wroughton, N.W., is <small>Froren</small>. A.S.

+<i>gefroren</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frog-dubbing</b>. Boys throw a frog into a shallow pool, and

+then 'dub' or pelt it, as it tries to escape. See <small>Dub</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Froom</b>. See <small>Frum</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frout</b>. Of animals: to take fright. 'My horse frouted and

+run away.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frouten</b>, <b>Froughten</b>. To frighten (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I!'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frow</b>. See <small>Brow</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Frum</b>, <b>Froom</b>. Of vegetables, grass, &amp;c.: fresh and juicy (A.B.);

+strong-growing or rank. A.S. <i>from</i>, vigorous, strong.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fry</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A brushwood drain (H.Wr.). See <small>Frith</small> (3).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To make a brushwood drain (D.). Also

+<small>Frea</small> and <small>Frith</small> (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1790. For 234 Lugg Hollow frying in Englands 2.18.6.'&mdash;<cite>Records

+of Chippenham</cite>, p. 248.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fullmare</b>. <i>n.</i> In my childhood I remember being told more

+than once by servants at Morden, near Swindon, N.W., that

+a colt which was playing about in a field near was 'a fullmare.'

+Could this possibly have been a survival of the old word

+'<i>Folymare</i>, a young foal,' which is given by Halliwell and

+Wright as occurring in a fifteenth-century MS. at Jesus

+College, Oxford? I have never heard the word elsewhere.&mdash;<i>G.

+E. D</i>.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fur</b>. <i>n.</i> The calcareous sediment in a kettle, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Furlong</b> (pronounced <small>Vurlin</small>). The strip of newly-ploughed

+land lying between two main furrows.&mdash;N.W. (Lockeridge.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fur up</b>. Water-pipes, kettles, &amp;c., when coated inside with

+'rock,' or the calcareous sediment of hard water, are said to

+'fur up,' or to be 'furred up.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Furze-hawker</b>. <i>Saxicola oenanthe</i>, the Wheatear.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Furze Robin</b>. <i>Saxicola rubicola</i>, the Stonechat (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 150).&mdash;N.W. (Sutton Benger.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fuzz-ball</b>. <i>Lycoperdon Bovista</i>, L., Puffball.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Gaa-oot!</b> See <small>Horses</small> (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gaam</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To smear or bedaub with anything sticky.

+<small>Gaamze</small> (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). (2) <i>n.</i> A sticky mass of

+anything. See <small>Gam</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Many years ago, at a

+Yeomanry ball in a certain town in N. Wilts, the Mayor, who

+had done his duty manfully up to then, stopped short in the

+middle of a dance, and mopping his face vigorously, gasped

+out to his astonished partner, a lady of high position, 'Well,

+I don't know how <em>you</em> be, Marm, but <em>I</em> be ael of a gaam

+o' zweat!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gaamy</b>, <b>Gammy</b>. Daubed with grease, &amp;c., sticky. In Hal.

+and Wr. '<small>Gaam</small>, <i>adj.</i> sticky, clammy,' is apparently an error,

+<i>gaamy</i> being probably intended.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gaapsey</b>. <i>n.</i> A sight to be stared at. See <small>Gapps</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gaapus</b>. <i>n.</i> A fool, a stupid fellow. 'What be at, ye girt

+gaapus!'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gabborn</b>. Of rooms or houses, comfortless, bare (B.C.). <small>Gabbern</small>

+(A.H.) and <small>Gabern</small> (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv. p. 78). This term

+always denotes largeness without convenience or comfort

+(<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite>).&mdash;N.W. <small>Gabberny</small> on Berks bord.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gage-ring</b>. An engagement ring (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. x).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Galley-bagger</b>. A scarecrow (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Galley-crow</b>. A scarecrow (A.H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Maester," said the child, "wull 'e let m' chainge hats wi' thuck

+galley-crow yander?" ... pointing to a scarecrow at the other end of

+the garden.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 103.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallivant</b>. To be gadding about on a spree with a companion

+of the opposite sex (S.): to run after the girls, or 'chaps,'

+as the case may be.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallow</b>. See <small>Gally</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallows</b> (pronounced <i>Gallus</i>). *(1) A pair of braces. (2)

+Exceedingly. Used with any adjective; as 'Gallus dear,'

+very expensive (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv. p. 75).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A gallus bad wench her be!'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xviii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(3) 'He's a gallus chap,' i.e. plucky.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallows-gate</b>. A light gate, consisting only of a hinged style,

+top-rail, and one strut.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallus</b>. See <small>Gallows</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gally</b>, <b>Gallow</b>. To frighten or terrify. <small>Gallow</small> (B.H., <cite>Lansd.

+MS.</cite>), <small>Gally</small> (A.B.S.), Pret. <i>gallered</i>, astonished, frightened

+(A.B.C.S.) 'He gallered I amwost into vits.' Still in

+use about Marlborough and in S.W. From M.E. <i>galwen</i>;

+A.S. <i>ag�lwan</i>, to stupefy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i12">'The wrathful skies<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.'&mdash;<cite>Lear</cite>, iii. 2.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="ind2">The word is still commonly used in the whale-fishery:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Young bulls ... are ... easily "gallied," that is, frightened.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Marryat</span>,

+<cite>Poor Jack</cite>, ch. vi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gam</b>. A sticky mass, as 'all in a gam.' See <small>Gaam</small> (2).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. In S. Wilts the <i>a</i> in this word and its

+derivatives is usually short, while in N. Wilts it is broad

+in sound.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gambrel</b>. The piece of wood or iron used by butchers for

+extending or hanging a carcase (A.). <small>Gamel</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gamel</b>. See <small>Gambrel</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gammer</b>. A woodlouse.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gammet</b>, <b>Gamut</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Fun, frolicsome tricks. 'You

+be vull o' gamuts.'&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To frolic, to play the

+fool. See <small>Gammock</small> and <small>Gannick</small>. 'Thee bist allus a

+gammetting.'&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To play off practical jokes;

+to take in any one.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gammock</b>. <i>v.</i> To lark about, to play the fool, to frolic. See

+<small>Gannick</small> and <small>Gammet</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gammotty</b>, <b>Gammutty</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Frolicsome, larky. See

+<small>Gammet</small>.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>adj.</i> Of cheese, ill-flavoured. See

+<small>Cammocky</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gammy</b>. (1) Sticky. See <small>Gaamy</small>.&mdash;S.W. (2) Lame,

+crippled, having a 'game leg.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gamut</b>. See <small>Gammet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gander-flanking, To go</b>. To go off larking or 'wondermenting.'

+Perhaps a corruption of <i>gallivanting</i>.&mdash;S.W. (Upton

+Scudamore.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gandigoslings</b>. <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L., Early Purple Orchis.

+Compare <i>Gandergosses</i> in <i>Gerarde</i> (<i>Appendix</i>), and <i>Candle-gostes</i>

+in <cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>. Also see <small>Dandy-goslings</small>, <small>Dandy-goshen</small>,

+<small>Goosey-ganders</small>, <small>Goslings</small>, <small>Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander</small>,

+and <small>Granfer-goslings</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gannick</b>. To lark about, to play the fool. See <small>Gammock</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Warminster, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gapps</b>, <b>Gaapsey</b>. To gape or stare at anything. 'Thee'st

+allus a gaapsin' about.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Garley-gut</b>. A gluttonous person. Perhaps connected with

+<i>gorle</i>, to devour eagerly (see Halliwell).</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'"Let's go to bed," says Heavy-Head,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">"Let's bide a bit," says Sloth,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">"Put on the pot," says Garley-gut,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">"We'll sup afore we g'auf" [go off].'&mdash;<cite>Nursery Rhyme.</cite><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gashly</b>. See <small>Ghastly</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gate</b>. <i>n.</i> Excitement, 'taking.' 'Her wur in a vine gate

+wi't.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gatfer</b>. See <small>Gotfer</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gauge-brick</b>. A brick which shows by its change of colour

+when the oven is hot enough for baking. Cf. <small>Warning-stone</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'She knew when the oven was hot enough by the gauge-brick: this

+particular brick as the heat increased became spotted with white, and

+when it had turned quite white the oven was ready.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>,

+ch. viii. p. 152.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gawl-cup</b>. See <small>Gold-cup</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gawney</b>. A simpleton (A.H.S.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Leave m' 'lone y' great gawney!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 83.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gay</b>. Of wheat, rank in the blade (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gee</b>, <b>Jee</b>. To agree, to work well together (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Genow</b>. See <small>Go-now</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gentlemen's-and-ladies'-fingers</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint. Cf. <small>Lady's-Finger</small> (2).&mdash;S.W. (Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ghastly</b> (pronounced Gashly). This word is used in many

+ways, as 'Thick hedge wur gashly high, but it be ter'ble

+improved now.'&mdash;N.W. (Huish.) At Etchilhampton,

+N.W., a 'gashly ditch' is one that is cut too wide.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gibbles</b>. Onions grown from bulbs. Cf. <small>Chipples</small> and

+<small>Cribbles</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gicksey</b>. See <small>Kecks</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Giggley</b>. See <small>Goggley</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gigletting</b>. <i>adj.</i> Fond of rough romping; wanton. Used

+only of females. 'Dwoan't ha' no truck wi' thuck there

+giglettin' wench o' his'n.'&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gilcup</b>. Buttercups in general; occasionally restricted to

+<i>R. Ficaria</i>. Cf. <small>Gold-cup</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gill</b>. A low four-wheeled timber-carriage (<cite>Cycl. of Agric.</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gilty-cup</b>. <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gin-and-Water Market</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Some towns have only what is called a "gin-and-water" market:

+that is, the "deal" is begun and concluded from small samples carried

+in the pocket and examined at an inn over a glass of spirits and

+water.'&mdash;<cite>The Toilers of the Field</cite>, p. 28.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gipsy</b>. Carnation grass, <i>Carex panicea</i>, L., because it turns

+so brown.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gipsy-rose</b>. <i>Scabiosa atropurpurea</i>, L., the Garden Scabious.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Girls</b>. The short-pistilled or 'thrum-eyed' blossoms of the

+Primrose, <i>Primula vulgaris</i>, L. See <small>Boys</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gix</b>, <b>Gicksey</b>, &amp;c. See <small>Kecks</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Glory-hole</b>. A place for rubbish or odds and ends, as a housemaid's

+cupboard, or a lumber room.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This has nothing to do with Lat. <i>gloria</i>, but is connected with

+M.E. <i>glorien</i>, to befoul (<i>Prompt. Parv.</i>). Compare Prov. Eng. <i>glorry</i>,

+greasy, fat. Thus <i>glory-hole</i>=a dirty, untidy nook. See <cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>,

+p. 145.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Glox</b>. This is given by most authorities as a noun, and

+defined as 'the sound of liquids when shaken in a barrel'

+(A.B.H.Wr.); but it is really a verb, and refers to the

+motion and peculiar gurgling of liquids against the side of

+a barrel or vessel that is not quite full (C.). In Hants

+<i>gloxing</i> is the noise made by falling, gurgling water (Cope).

+Cf. <small>Lottle</small>.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Fill the Barrel full, John, or else it will glox in Carriage.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington

+MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Glutch</b>. To swallow (A.B.C.S.). According to <cite>Cunnington MS</cite>,

+the use of <i>glutch</i> implies that there is some difficulty in

+swallowing, while <i>quilt</i> is to swallow naturally.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Glutcher</b>. The throat (S.). See <small>Glutch</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gnaa-post</b>. A simpleton (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gnaing</b>. To mock, to insult (S.). Also used in West of

+England and Sussex.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goat-weed</b>. <i>Polygonum Convolvulus</i>, L., Black Bindweed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gob</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Much chatter (S.).&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To talk.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Goche</b>. A pitcher (H.Wr.). Perhaps a mistake, as Morton

+(<cite>Cycl. of Agric.</cite>) gives <i>gotch</i> under Norfolk.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gog</b>, <b>Goggmire</b>. A swamp or quagmire. Cf. <small>Quavin-gog</small>.

+'I be all in a goggmire,' in a regular fix or dilemma.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In Minty Common ... is a boggie place, called the <i>Gogges</i>....

+<i>Footnote</i>. Perhaps a corruption of <i>quag</i>, itself a corruption of <i>quake</i>. "I

+be all in a goggmire" is a North Wilts phrase for being in what

+appears an inextricable difficulty.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span> <cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 271.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goggle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A snail-shell. Cf. E. <i>cockle</i> (Skeat).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<b>Guggles</b>, the empty shells of snails&mdash;not the large brown kind,

+but those of various colours.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Miss E. Boyer-Brown.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> 'To go goggling,' to collect snail-shells (<cite>Springtide</cite>,

+p. 89).&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To shake or tremble, as a table

+with one leg shorter than the others. 'I do trembly an'

+goggly ael day.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (4) <i>n.</i> 'All of a goggle,'

+shaking all over, especially from physical weakness. 'How

+are you to-day, Sally?' 'Lor', Zur! I be aal of a goggle.'

+'What on earth do you mean?' 'Why, I be zo ter'ble

+giggly, I can't scarce kip my lags nohow.'&mdash;S.W. (Steeple

+Ashton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goggles</b>. A disease in sheep (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xiv).&mdash;N.W.

+(Castle Eaton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goggly</b>. Unsteady, shaky. Sometimes <small>Giggly</small> is used, as in

+example given under <small>Goggle</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goggmire</b>. See <small>Gog</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gold</b>. Nodules of iron pyrites in chalk.&mdash;N.W. Heard once

+or twice, near Clyffe Pypard, years ago.&mdash;G. E. D.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'On past the steep wall of an ancient chalk-quarry, where the

+ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts and "gold,"

+for when broken the radial metallic fibres glisten yellow.'&mdash;<cite>Greene

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gold-cup</b> (pronounced <i>Gawl-cup</i>). The various forms of

+Buttercup. Cf. <small>Gilcup</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Golden Chain</b>. (1) Laburnum (S.). The general name for

+it in Wilts.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>Lathyrus pratensis</i>, L.,

+Meadow Vetchling.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goldlock</b>. <i>Sinapis arvensis</i>, L., Charlock.&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Go-now</b>, <b>Genow</b>, <b>Good-now</b>. Used as an expletive, or an

+address to a person (S.). 'What do 'ee thenk o' that,

+genow!' Also used in Dorset.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gooding Day</b>. St. Thomas' Day, when children go 'gooding,'

+or asking for Christmas boxes.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Good Neighbour</b>. Jefferies (<cite>Village Miners</cite>) speaks of a weed

+called by this name, but does not identify it. See below.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Good Neighbourhood</b>. (1) <i>Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus</i>,

+L., Good King Henry.&mdash;N.W. (Devizes.) (2) <i>Centranthus

+ruber</i>, DC., Red Spur Valerian (<cite>English Plant Names</cite>).&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Good-now</b>. See <small>Go-now</small> (S.). Used at Downton, &amp;c.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gooseberry-pie</b>. <i>Valeriana dioica</i>, L., All-heal.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goosegog</b>. A green gooseberry (S.). Used by children.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goosehill</b>. See <small>Guzzle</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Goosen-chick</b>. A gosling (Wr.). *<small>Goosen-chick's vather</small>.

+A gander (Wr.). Both these words would appear to belong

+to Som. and Dev. rather than Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goosey-gander</b>. A game played by children (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goosey-ganders</b>. <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L., Early Purple Orchis.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gore</b>. A triangular piece of ground (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goslings</b>. <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L., Early Purple Orchis. See <small>Gandigoslings</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Goss</b>. <i>Ononis arvensis</i>, L., Restharrow. Gorse, <i>Ulex</i>, is always

+'Fuzz.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gossiping</b>. A christening.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gotfer</b>. An old man (H.Wr.). *<small>Gatfer</small> is still in use about

+Malmesbury.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grab-hook</b>. A kind of grapnel used for recovering lost

+buckets from a well.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Graft</b>. (1) A draining spade.&mdash;N.W. (2) The depth of

+earth dug therewith.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grained</b>. Dirty (A.H.Wr.); <small>Grainted</small> (B.); the latter being

+a mispronunciation.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grains</b>. The tines of a gardening fork, as 'a four-grained

+prong.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gramfer</b>. Grandfather (A.B.). <small>Granfer</small> (S.) and <small>Gramp</small> are

+also used.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grammer</b>. Grandmother (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Becoming

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grammered in</b>. Of dirt, so grained in, that it is almost impossible

+to wash it off. <small>Grammered</small>: Begrimed (H.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander</b>. <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L.,

+Early Purple Orchis (<cite>Sarum Dioc. Gazette</cite>).&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Granfer-goslings</b>. <i>Orchis maculata</i>, L., Spotted Orchis

+(<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Granny-jump-out-of-bed</b>. <i>Aconitum Napellus</i>, L., Monks-hood.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Granny</b> (or <b>Granny's</b>) <b>Nightcap</b>. (1) <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>,

+L., Wood Anemone.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) <i>Aquilegia

+vulgaris</i>, L., Common Columbine.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.) (3) <i>Convolvulus

+sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed.&mdash;N.W. (4) <i>Convolvulus

+arvensis</i>, L., Field Bindweed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Grate</b>. Earth (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Grate-board</b>. The mould-board of a plough (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gratings</b>. The right of feed in the stubbles (D.). See

+<small>Gretton</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gravel-Path, The</b>. The Milky Way.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gray Woodpecker</b>. <i>Picus major</i>, the Great Spotted Woodpecker

+(<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 253). See <small>Black Woodpecker</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Great axe</b>. The large English woodman's axe (<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. iv).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Greggles</b>, or <b>Greygles</b>. <i>Scilla nutans</i>, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.

+Cf. <small>Blue Goggles</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gretton</b>. Stubble (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>) See <small>Gratings</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Greybeard</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy, when in

+seed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Greygles</b>. See <small>Greggles</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Griggles</b>. Small worthless apples remaining on the tree after

+the crop has been gathered in.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Griggling</b>. Knocking down the 'griggles,' as boys are

+allowed by custom to do.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grindstone Apple</b>. The crab-apple; used to sharpen reap-hooks,

+its acid biting into the steel. The 'Grindstone Apple'

+mentioned in the <cite>Eulogy of R. Jefferies</cite>, p. iv. is probably the

+'Grindstone Pippin' of <cite>Wood Magic</cite>, not the crab.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grip</b>, or <b>Gripe</b>. (1) To <i>grip</i> wheat is to divide it into

+bundles before making up the sheaves.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> 'A

+grip of wheat,' the handful grasped in reaping (A.). It is <i>laid

+down in gripe</i> when laid ready in handfuls untied (D.).&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>v.</i> To drain with covered turf or stone

+drains, as opposed to <i>frith</i>. To <i>take up gripe</i>, is to make

+such drains (D.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grist</b>, <b>Griz</b>. To snarl and show the teeth, as an angry dog or

+man (A.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grizzle</b>. To grumble, complain, whine, cry.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Grom</b>. A forked stick used by thatchers for carrying the

+bundles of straw up to the roof (A.B.G.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gropsing</b>. 'The gropsing of the evening,' dusk.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Both came unto the sayd Tryvatt's howse in the gropsing of the

+yevening.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xxii. 227.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ground</b>. A field.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A whirlewind took him up ... and layd him down safe, without any

+hurt, in the next ground.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite> p. 16, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ground-sill stone</b>. Quarrymen's term for one of the beds

+of the Portland oolite&mdash;useful for bridges, &amp;c., where great

+strength is required (Britton's <cite>Beauties</cite>, vol. iii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ground-rest</b>. The wood supporting the share, in the old

+wooden plough (D.). <i>Rest</i> is a mistake for <i>wrest</i> (Skeat).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grout</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To root like a hog.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> Hence,

+to rummage about.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grouty</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of the sky, thundery, threatening rain. It

+looks 'ter'ble grouty' in summer when thunder clouds are

+coming up.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grump</b>. 'To grump about,' to complain of all sorts of ailments.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Grupper</b>. To give up (Wr.). There would appear to be

+some mistake here, as we cannot trace the word elsewhere.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gubbarn</b>. <i>n.</i> A filthy place, a foul gutter or drain (A.H.Wr.),

+<small>Gubborn</small> (B.). Should not this be <i>adj.</i> instead of <i>n.</i>?

+Compare Devon <i>gubbings</i>, offal, refuse.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guggles</b>. See <small>Goggles</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guinea-pigs</b>, <b>Pigs</b>. Woodlice. See <small>Butchers'-Guinea-Pigs</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gule</b>. To sneer or make mouths at (A.). Also used in

+Hereford.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guley</b>, <b>Guly</b>. <i>adj.</i> (1) Of sheep, giddy, suffering from

+a disease in the head which affects the brain and causes

+a kind of vertigo.&mdash;N.W. (2) Of persons, queer, stupid,

+or silly-looking. Compare <i>Guled</i>, bewildered, Berks. After

+being very drunk over-night, a man looks 'ter'ble guley'

+in the morning.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gullet-hole</b>. A large drain-hole through a hedge-bank to

+carry off water.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gurgeons</b>. Coarse flour (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gushill</b>. See <small>Guzzle</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guss</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The girth of a saddle (A.B.).&mdash;N.W. (2)

+<i>v.</i> To girth; to tie tightly round the middle. A bundle

+of hay should be 'gussed up tight.' A badly dressed fat

+woman 'looks vor aal the world like a zack o' whate a-gussed

+in wi' a rawp.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gustrill</b>. See <small>Guzzle</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gutter</b>. To drain land with open drains (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guzzle</b>. (1) The filth of a drain (B.). (2) A filthy

+drain (A.B.). <small>Goosehill</small> (Wr.), <small>Gushill</small> (K.), and <small>Gustrill</small>

+(H.Wr.), the latter being probably a misprint.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guzzle-berry</b>. Gooseberry. Used by children.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>H</b>. It should be noted that the cockney misuse of <i>H</i> is

+essentially foreign to our dialect. Formerly it was the

+rarest thing in the world to hear a true Wiltshire rustic

+make such a slip, though the townsfolk were by no means

+blameless in this respect, but now the spread of education

+and the increased facilities of communication have tainted

+even our rural speech with cockneyisms and slang phrases.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hack</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To loosen the earth round potatoes, preparatory

+to earthing them up. This is done with a 'tater-hacker,'

+an old three-grained garden-fork, which by bending

+down the tines or 'grains' at right angles to the handle

+has been converted into something resembling a rake, but

+used as a hoe. In Dorset hoeing is called <i>hacking</i>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) <i>n.</i> The shed in which newly-made

+bricks are set out to dry.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hacka</b>. <i>n.</i> A nervous hesitation in speaking (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He speaks with so many hacks and hesitations.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Dr. H. More.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hacker</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> See <small>Hakker</small>. (2) <i>n.</i> The instrument

+used in 'hacking' potatoes; also known as a <small>Tomahawk</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hacketty</b>. See <small>Hicketty</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hackle</b>. *(1) <i>n.</i> The mane of a hog (A.H.Wr.). (2) <i>n.</i>

+The straw covering of a bee-hive or of the apex of a rick

+(A.).&mdash;N.W. *(3) To agree together (A.). (4) To

+rattle or re-echo.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hagged</b>. Haggard, worn out, exhausted-looking. 'He came

+in quite hagged.' 'Her 've a had a lot to contend wi' to-year,

+and her 's hagged to death wi't aal.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hagger</b>. See <small>Hakker</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Haggle</b>. To cut clumsily. See <small>Agg</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They took out their knives and haggled the skin off.'&mdash;<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hag-rod</b>. Bewitched, hag-ridden, afflicted with nightmare.

+*<small>Haig-raig</small>, bewildered (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hail</b>. The beard of barley. See <small>Aile</small>, which is the more

+correct form (Smythe-Palmer).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The black knots on the delicate barley straw were beginning to be

+topped with the hail.'&mdash;<cite>Round about a Great Estate</cite>, ch. i. p. 8.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hain</b>, <b>Hain up</b>. <i>v.</i> To reserve a field of grass for mowing

+(A.B.D.).&mdash;N.W. Treated as a noun by Akerman.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Three acres of grass ... to be hayned by the farmer at Candlemas

+and carried by the Vicar at Lammas.'&mdash;<cite>Hilmarton Parish Terrier</cite>, 1704.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Haito</b>. A horse; used by mothers and nurses concurrently

+with <i>Gee-gee</i>. A contraction of <i>Hait-wo</i>, the order to a horse

+to go to the left. <i>Highty</i> is similarly used in N. of England.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hait-wo</b>. See above.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hakker</b>, <b>Hacker</b>. To tremble (S.), as with passion (A.), cold,

+or ague. <small>Hagger.</small> To chatter with cold (H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager! How a

+hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 55.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Half-baked</b>, or <b>Half-saved</b>. Half-witted.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hallantide</b>. All Saints' Day (B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hallege</b>, <b>Harrige</b>. <i>n.</i> The latter seems to be the original

+form of the word, and is still occasionally heard; but for

+at least seventy years it has been more commonly pronounced

+as <i>hallege</i>, <i>l</i> and <i>r</i> having been interchanged. We

+have met with it at Clyffe Pypard, Bromham, Huish, and

+elsewhere in N. Wilts; but, so far as we know, it is not

+used in S. Wilts. <i>Havage</i>=disturbance, which the Rev.

+S. Baring-Gould heard once in Cornwall, and made use

+of in his fine West-Country romance, <cite>John Herring</cite>,

+ch. xxxix, is doubtless a variant of the same word. (1)

+Of persons, a crowd; also, contemptuously, a low rabble.

+'Be you a-gwain down to zee what they be a-doing at the

+Veast?' 'No, <em>I</em> bean't a-gwain amang such a hallege as

+that!'&mdash;N.W. (2) Of things, confusion, disorder. Were

+a load of <i>top and lop</i>, intended to be cut up for firewood,

+shot down clumsily in a yard gateway, it would be said,

+'What a hallege you've a-got there, blocking up the way!&mdash;N.W.

+(3) Hence, it sometimes appears to mean rubbish,

+as when it is applied to the mess and litter of small broken

+twigs and chips left on the ground after a tree has been

+cut and carried.&mdash;N.W. (4) It is also occasionally used

+of a disturbance of some sort, as 'What a hallege!' what

+a row!&mdash;N.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ham</b>. (1) A narrow strip of ground by a river, as <small>Mill-ham</small>

+(A.D.). (2) See Haulm (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hames</b>. Pieces of wood attached to a horse's collar in drawing

+(A.D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanch</b> (<i>a</i> broad). Of a cow or bull, to thrust with the horns,

+whether in play or earnest.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Corn has 'a good hand' when it is dry and

+slippery in the sack, 'a bad hand' when it is damp and

+rough (D.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To act as a second in a fight.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>v.</i> 'To have hands with anything,' to have

+anything to do with it. 'I shan't hae no hands wi't.&mdash;N.W.

+See <small>Hank</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand-box</b>. See <small>Box</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hander</b>. The second to a pugilist (A.). See <small>Hand</small> (2).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Handin'-post</b>. A sign-post.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand-staff</b>. The part of the 'drashell' which is held in the

+hand.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand-wrist</b>. The wrist.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Handy</b>. Near to, as 'handy home,' 'handy ten o'clock'

+(A.B.M.S.). 'A gied un vower days' work, or handy.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hang</b>. 'To hang up a field,' to take the cattle off it, and give

+it a long rest, so as to freshen up the pasture.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hang-fair</b>. A public execution, as 'Hang-fair at 'Vize,' formerly

+treated as a great holiday.&mdash;N.W., obsolete. The

+Pleasure Fair at Warminster on August 11 is known as

+'Hang-Fair,' perhaps from the hanging of two murderers there

+on that day in 1813. See <cite>Wilts Notes and Queries</cite>, i. 40, 139.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Hang-gallows</b>. A gallows-bird (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Where's the money I put in th' zack, you hang-gallus?" roared

+Mr. Twink.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 55.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanging</b>. (1) The steep wooded slope of a hill.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) A hillside field (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanging Geranium</b>. <i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>, L.; from the way

+in which it is usually suspended in a cottage window; also

+known as <small>Strawberry Geranium</small>, from its strawberry-like

+runners.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanging-post</b>. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which

+it is hung to its post. Frequently heard, although <small>Har</small> is

+much more commonly used.&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanglers</b>. The hooks by which pots and kettles are suspended

+over open fireplaces in old cottages and farm-houses. See

+<small>Coglers</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hank</b>. Dealings with (S.). 'I won't ha' no hank wi' un,' will

+have nothing at all to do with him. Cf. <small>Hand</small> (3).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hants-sheep</b>, <b>Hants-horses</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They were called [in Wilts] hants sheep; they were a sort of sheep

+that never shelled their teeth, but always had their lambs-teeth

+without shedding them, and thrusting out two broader in their room

+every year.... There were such a sort of horses called hants horses,

+that always showed themselves to be six years old.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Lisle's</span> <cite>Husbandry</cite>,

+1757.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Happer-down</b>. To come down smartly, to rattle down, as

+hail, or leaves in autumn.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Haps</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A hasp (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To

+hasp, to fasten up a door or box (A.B.)&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Har</b>. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung

+to its post. A.S. <i>heorre</i>, M.E. <i>herre</i>, the hinge of a door. See

+<small>Head</small> and <small>Hanging-post</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough; Huish;

+Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'We wants some more heads and hars cut out.' Carpenters about

+Marlborough usually reduce the word to a single letter in making up

+their accounts, as 'To a new R to Cow-lease gate, &amp;c.'&mdash;Rev. <span class="smcap">C. Soames</span>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hardhead</b>. <i>Centaurea nigra</i>, L., Black Knapweed.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Harl</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To thrust a dead rabbit's hind-foot through

+a slit in the other leg, so as to form a loop to hang it up

+or carry it by (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. ii). <i>Hardle</i> in Dorset.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To entangle (C.). <i>Harl</i>, knotted

+(A.S.), is a mistake for <i>harled</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>n.</i> An

+entanglement (B.C.). 'The thread be aal in a harl.' A knot

+(Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 51, ed. Brit.)&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+*(4) Of oats, <i>well-harled</i> is well-eared (D).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Harrige</b>. See <span class="smcap">Hallege</span>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Harrows</b>. The longitudinal bars of a harrow (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Harvest-trow</b>. The shrew-mouse (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. ix); <small>Harvest-row</small>

+(A.H.Wr.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hask</b>. A husky cough to which cows are subject (Lisle's

+<cite>Husbandry</cite>). See <span class="smcap">Husk</span>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hatch</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A 'wallow,' or line of raked-up hay.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> 'To hatch up,' to rake hay into hatches.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>n.</i> A half-door (A.B.C.). 'Barn-hatch,' a low board put

+across the door, over which you must step to enter.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Haulm</b>, <b>Ham</b>, <b>Haam</b>, <b>Helm</b>. A stalk of any vegetable (A.B.),

+especially potatoes and peas.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Haycock</b>. A much larger heap of hay than a 'foot-cock.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hayes</b>. A piece of ground enclosed with a live hedge; used

+as a termination, as <small>Calf-Hayes</small> (D.). A.S. <i>hege</i> (Skeat).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hay-home</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'It was the last day of the hay-harvest&mdash;it was "hay-home" that

+night.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">R. Jefferies</span>, <cite>A True Tale of the Wiltshire Labourer</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Hay-making</b>. Grass as it is mown lies in <i>swathe</i> (N. &amp; S.W.);

+then it is <i>turned</i> (S.W.), preparatory to being <i>tedded</i> (N.

+&amp; S.W.), or <i>spread</i>; then raked up into lines called <i>hatches</i>

+(N.W.), which may be either <i>single hatch</i> or <i>double hatch</i>, and

+are known in some parts as wallows (N.W.); next <i>spread</i> and

+<i>hatched up</i> again, and put up in small <i>foot-cocks</i>, <i>cocks</i> (N.W.),

+or <i>pooks</i> (N. &amp; S.W.); finally, after being thrown about again,

+it is <i>waked up</i> into <i>long wakes</i> (N.W.), or <i>rollers</i> (S.W.), and

+if not made temporarily into <i>summer-ricks</i> (N.W.), is then

+carried. No wonder that John Burroughs (<cite>Fresh Fields</cite>, p. 55)

+remarks that in England hay 'is usually nearly worn out

+with handling before they get it into the rick.' Almost every

+part of the county has its own set of terms. Thus about

+Warminster meadow-hay is (1) turned, (2) spread or tedded,

+(3) put in rollers, (4) pooked; while at Clyffe Pypard it is

+tedded, hatched, waked and cocked, and at Huish waked and

+pooked. <i>Roller</i> is pronounced as if it rhymed with <i>collar</i>.

+Hay is 'put in rollers,' or 'rollered up.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hazon</b> (<i>a</i> broad). To scold or threaten (A.B.C.H.Wr.). 'Now

+dwoan't 'ee hazon the child for 't.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Head</b>. The front upright timber of a gate. See Har and

+Falling-post.&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Headland</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Headlong, as to 'fall headland' or

+'neck-headland.'&mdash;N.W. (2) The strip where the plough

+turns at bottom and top of a field, which must either be

+ploughed again at right angles to the rest, or dug over with

+the spade; generally called the <small>Headlong</small> by labourers in

+S. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Headlong</b>. See <small>Headland</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heal</b>, <b>Hele</b>. Of seeds, to cover or earth over (D.); <small>Heeld</small>,

+<small>Yeeld</small> (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii). When the ground is dry and

+hard, and the wheat when sown does not sink in and get

+covered up at once, it is said not to <i>heal well</i>, and requires

+harrowing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heartless</b>. 'A heartless day' is a wet day with a strong south-west

+wind.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heater</b> (pronounced <i>Hetter</i>). A flat iron (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heave</b>, <b>Eve</b>. Of hearthstones, &amp;c., to sweat or become damp

+on the surface in dry weather, a sign of coming change and

+wet. <small>Eave</small>, to sweat (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heavy</b> (pronounced <i>Heevy</i>). Of weather, damp. See <small>Heave</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heaver</b>. Part of the old-fashioned winnowing tackle.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>He-body</b>. A woman of masculine appearance.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hecth</b>. Height (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hedge-carpenter</b>. A professional maker and repairer of rail

+fences, &amp;c. (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. iii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hedge-hog</b>. The prickly seed-vessel of <i>Ranunculus arvensis</i>, L.,

+Corn Buttercup (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hedge-peg</b>. The fruit of the Sloe, q.v. Cf. <small>Eggs-eggs</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Marlborough.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hedge-pick</b>, <b>Hedge-spe�k</b>. See <small>Sloe</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heeld</b>. See <small>Heal</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heft</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The weight of anything as poised in the

+hand (A.B.C.M.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To weigh or test

+weight in the hand (A.B.), to lift.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hele</b>, <b>Heel</b>, <b>Hill</b>. (1) To pour out (A.B.H.Wr.), to serve

+out or dispense.&mdash;S.W. (2) See <small>Heal</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hellocky</b>. See <small>Hullocky</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Helm</b> (1) See <small>Elm</small>. (2) See <small>Haulm</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Helyer</b>. A tiler. An old word, but still in use.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hen-and-Chicken</b>. (1) <i>Saxifraga umbrosa</i>, L., London Pride.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>, L., from its mode of

+growth.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Henge</b>. See <small>Hinge</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hen-hussey</b>. A meddlesome woman.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Here and there one</b>. 'I wur mortal bad aal the way [by sea]

+and as sick as here and there one.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Herence</b>. Hence (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hereright</b>. (1) Of time: on the spot, immediately (A.B.),

+the only use in N.W. (2) Of place: this very spot (S.).&mdash;S.W.

+(3) Hence (A.), probably a mistake.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hesk</b>. See <small>Husk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Het</b>. 'A main het o' coughing,' a fit of coughing.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hetter</b>. See <small>Heater</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>He-woman</b>. The same as <small>He-body</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hicketty</b>. Hacking, as a cough.&mdash;S.W. <small>Hacketty</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hidlock</b>. 'In hidlock,' in concealment. Akerman, by some

+mistake, treats this as verb instead of noun. 'Her kep' it in

+hidlock aal this time.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hike</b>. To hook or catch. 'I hiked my foot in a root.' See

+<small>Hook</small> and <small>Uck</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hike off</b>. To decamp hastily, to slink off (A.B.C.S.); mostly

+used in a bad sense.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hile</b>. See <small>Hyle</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hill</b>. See <small>Heal</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hill-trot</b>. Apparently a corruption of <small>Eltrot</small>. (1) <i>Heracleum

+Sphondylium</i>, L., Cow-parsnip. *(2) <i>Oenanthe crocata</i>, L.,

+Water Hemlock.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton and Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hilp</b>. Fruit of the sloe.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hilp-wine</b>. Sloe-wine.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hilt</b>. A young sow kept for breeding (A.).&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hinge</b>, <b>Henge</b>. The heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig

+(A.). In some parts of S. Wilts used only of the latter.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hinted</b> Harvested, secured in barn (D.). 'Never zeed a better

+crop o' wheat, if so be could be hinted well.' A.S. <i>hentan</i>,

+to seize on, to secure.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hit</b>. (1) To bear a good crop, to succeed: as 'Th' apples hit

+well t' year.' Treated by Akerman as a noun instead of

+a verb.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To pour out or throw out. 'You

+ought to het a quart o' drenk into 'ee.' 'Hit it out on the

+garden patch.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hitchland</b>. See <small>Hookland</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hitter</b>. A cow which is ill and appears likely to die is said to

+be 'going off a hitter.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hittery</b>. Of cows: suffering from looseness, ill.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hobby</b>. <i>Yunx torquilla</i>, the Wryneck.&mdash;S.W. (Bishopstone.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hob-lantern</b>. Will-o'-the-Wisp (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hock about</b>. To treat a thing carelessly; drag it through the

+mud. 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo a-hocken on your new vrock

+about.'&mdash;N.W. The usual form in S. Wilts is <small>Hack-about</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hocks</b>. (1) To cut in an unworkmanlike manner (A.).

+(2) To trample earth into a muddy, untidy condition.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hocksy</b>, <b>Hoxy</b>. Dirty, muddy, miry.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'It's about two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey like

+this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 179.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hodmandod</b>, <b>Hodmedod</b>. <i>adj.</i> Short and clumsy (B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hodmedod</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A snail.&mdash;N.W. (Mildenhall.) *(2)

+Short and clumsy (B.). See <small>Hodmandod</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ho for</b>. (1) To provide for. See <small>Howed for</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard; Malmesbury.) (2) To desire, to long for.

+'I did hankeran' ho a'ter 'ee zo.'&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hog</b>. (1) n. Originally a castrated animal, as a hog pig (D.).

+(2) Now extended to any animal of a year old, as a chilver

+hog sheep (D.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'We have wether hogs, and chilver hogs, and shear hogs ... the

+word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog

+bull, a chilver hog sheep.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xvii 303.</p>

+

+<p>'1580 ... Una ovis vocata a hogge.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Scrope's</span> <cite>History of Castle Combe</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(3) To cut a mane or hedge short (D.), so that the stumps

+stick up like bristles (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hogo</b>. (Fr. <i>haut go�t</i>). A bad smell (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite> 1814).

+Still frequently used of tainted meat or strong cheese.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hollardy-day</b>. The 3rd of May. Apparently a perversion

+of 'Holy Rood Day.'&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Home, to be called</b>. To have the banns of marriage published.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd whoam to

+Jim Spritely on Zundy.'&mdash;<cite>Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Honesty</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy, occasionally.

+*<small>Maiden's Honesty</small> (Aubrey's Wilts MS.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Honey-bottle</b>. (1) Heather. (2) Furze.

+It is not clear which is intended in <cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. i.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Honey-plant</b>. Some old-fashioned sweet-scented plant,

+perhaps the dark Sweet Scabious, which used to be known

+as 'Honey-flower' in some counties.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the garden, which was full of old-fashioned shrubs and herbs,

+she watched the bees busy at the sweet-scented "honey-plant."'&mdash;<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Also see <cite>Reproach of Annesley</cite>, vol. i. p. 119, for Hants use

+of the name:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Sibyl bent over a honey plant encrusted with pink-scented

+blossoms, about which the bees ... were humming&mdash;an old-fashioned

+cottage plant.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Honey-suckle</b>. (1) <i>Lamium album</i>, L., White Dead Nettle,

+sucked by children for its honey.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)

+(2) Also applied to both Red and White Clover, <i>Trifolium

+pratense</i> and <i>T. repens.</i>&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hook</b>. Of a bull, to gore (S.). See <small>Uck</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Compare <i>huck</i>, to push, lift, gore, Hants; and Prov. <i>hike</i>, to toss.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hookland</b> (or <b>Hitchland</b>) <b>Field</b>. A portion of the best land

+in a common field, reserved for vetches, potatoes, &amp;c.,

+instead of lying fallow for two years (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii).

+Parts of some fields are still known as <small>Hooklands</small> in S. Wilts,

+though the system has died out. Sometimes defined as

+'land tilled every year.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hoop</b>. <i>Pyrrhula vulgaris</i>, the Bullfinch (A.B.); also <small>Red Hoop</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hoops</b>, or <b>Waggon-Hoops</b>. The woodwork projecting from

+the sides of a waggon so as to form an arch over the hind

+wheels.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hooset</b>. See <small>Housset</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hop-about</b>. An apple dumpling (B.C.), probably from its

+bobbing about in the pot. Cf. <small>Apple-bout</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hopper</b>. A grig (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. i).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Horse-daisy</b>. <i>Chrysanthemum leucanthemum</i>, L., Ox-eye Daisy.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Horse-Matcher</b>. <i>Saxicola rubicola</i>, the Stonechat (<cite>Birds of

+Wilts</cite>, p. 150).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Horse-matchers or stonechats also in summer often visit the rick-yard.'&mdash;<cite>Wild

+Life</cite>, ch. x. p. 159.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Horses</b>. In N. Wilts the orders given to a plough or team are

+as follows:&mdash;to the front horse, <i>Coom ether</i>, go to the left, and

+<i>Wowt</i>, to the right: to the hinder horse, <i>Wo-oot</i>, to the right,

+and <i>Gie aay</i> or <i>Gie aay oot</i>, to the left. The orders to oxen

+are somewhat different.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Horse-shoe</b>. <i>Acer Pseudo-platanus</i>, L., Sycamore.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Horse's-leg</b>. A bassoon.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Horse-Snatcher</b>. <i>Saxicola oenanthe</i>, the Wheatear (<cite>Birds of

+Wilts</cite>, p. 152).&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Horse-stinger</b>, <b>Hosstenger</b>. The Dragon-fly (A.B.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hound</b>. The fore-carriage of a waggon.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>House</b>, <b>Houst</b>. To grow stout. 'Lor, ma'am, how you've

+a-housted!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Housset</b>, <b>Hooset</b>, <b>Wooset</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A serenade of rough

+music, got up to express public disapproval of marriages

+where there is great disparity of age, flagrant immorality, &amp;c.

+See article on <cite>The Wooset</cite> in <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. i. p. 88;

+cp. <cite>N. &amp; Q.</cite> 4 Ser. xi. p. 225. In Berks the 'Hooset' is

+a draped horse's head, carried at a 'Hooset Hunt.' See

+Lowsley's <cite>Berks Gloss</cite>.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To take part in

+a housset.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Howe</b>. <i>n.</i> 'To be in a howe,' to be in a state of anxiety

+about anything (C.). See <small>Ho for</small>.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Howed-for</b>. Well provided for, taken care of (A.B.C.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Huckmuck</b>. (1) A strainer placed before the faucet in

+brewing (A.B.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>Parus caudatus</i>, the

+Long-tailed Titmouse (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 173).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(3) General untidiness and confusion, as at a spring-cleaning.

+A very dirty untidy old woman is 'a reg'lar huckmuck.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hucks</b>, <b>Husks</b>. (1) The chaff of oats (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Grains of wheat which

+have the chaff still adhering to them after threshing, and

+are only fit for feeding poultry.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hud</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The husk of a walnut, skin of a gooseberry,

+shell of a pea or bean, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To take

+off the husk of certain fruits and vegetables. Beans are

+<i>hudded</i> and peas <i>shelled</i> for cooking.&mdash;N.W. (3) A finger-stall

+or finger of a glove (S.). Also <small>Huddick</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W. (4) A lump or clod of earth.&mdash;N.W. Cf. <small>Hut</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Huddy</b>, <b>Oddy</b>. Of soil, full of lumps and clods.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hudgy</b>. Clumsy, thick (A.B.C.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hudmedud</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A scarecrow (A.). In common use

+in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Mester Cullum i sends you back your saddell koz its such a

+cusnashun rum looking hudmedud of a theng that pipl woll no it

+direckly.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 79.</p>

+

+<p>'"That nimity-pimity odd-me-dod!"... Little contemptible scarecrow.'&mdash;<cite>Greene

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. iii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(2) <i>adj.</i> Short and clumsy (B.). See <small>Hodmedod</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hullocky!</b> 'Hullo! look here!' exclamation denoting

+surprise, or calling attention to anything (S.). This is

+usually pronounced <i>Hellucky</i>, and is a contraction of 'Here

+look ye!' Also <i>Yellucks</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Now which way is it?"... "Yellucks," said the boy, meaning

+"Look here."'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"This be the vinest veast ... as ever I zeed.... Yellucks!"&mdash;as

+much as to say, Look here, that is my dictum.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> ch. xi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Humbug</b>. A sweet or lollipop.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Humbuz</b>. A cockchafer.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Humdaw</b>. To speak hesitatingly (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Humming-bird</b>. <i>Regulus cristatus</i>, the Golden-crested Wren.&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'We always calls 'em humming-birds here, and they are humming-birds!'

+said the school-children at Huish, in the most decided

+manner, when cross-examined as to the Gold-crest. Apparently the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span>

+same use obtains in Devon, as Martin speaks of the 'humming-bird'

+as occurring in certain localities about Tavistock, which are assigned

+to the Gold-crest by other writers. See <span class="smcap">Mrs. Bray's</span> <cite>Description of

+Devon</cite>, 1836, vol. ii. p. 146.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hummocksing</b>. Clumsy, awkward, loutish.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'She had a lover, but he was "a gurt hummocksing noon-naw" ...

+a "great loose-jointed idiot."'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Humstrum</b>. A home-made fiddle (S.). Sometimes applied

+also to a large kind of Jew's-harp.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hunch about</b>. To push or shove about.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hunder-stones</b>. Thunder-bolts (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts, Roy. Soc.

+MS.</cite>). Probably either belemnites, or else the concretionary

+nodules of iron pyrites, called 'thunder-bolts' by the

+labourers, are here intended. See <small>Thunder-stones</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hunked</b>. See <small>Unked</small> (A.H.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hurdle-footed</b>. Club-footed.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hurdle-shore</b>. The same as <small>Fold-shore</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hurkle</b>. To crowd together, as round the fire in cold weather.

+An old form of <i>hurtle</i>.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<i>Hurtelyn</i>, as too thyngys togedur (al. <i>hurcolyn</i>, hurchyn togeder).

+<i>Impingo</i>, <i>collido</i>.'&mdash;<cite>Prompt. Parv.</cite> c. 1440 (<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer</span>).</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Husk</b>, <b>Hesk</b>. A disease of the throat, often fatal to calves.

+See <small>Hask</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Husks</b>. See <small>Hucks</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hut</b>. A lump of earth.&mdash;N.W. See <small>Hud</small> (4).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hutty</b>. Lumpy, as ground that does not break up well.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hyle</b>, <b>Hile</b>, <b>Aisle</b>, &amp;c. (1) <i>n.</i> A shock or cock of wheat, consisting

+of several sheaves set up together for carrying. The

+number of sheaves was formerly ten, for the tithing man's convenience,

+but now varies considerably, according to the crop.

+<small>Tithing</small> in N.W. <small>Hile-a-whate</small> (S.) The forms given by

+Davis, <i>aisle</i>, <i>aile</i>, and <i>isle</i>, seem purely fanciful, as also does

+the derivation there suggested, a <i>hyle</i> being merely a single

+shock. In some parts of Wilts the shape and size of a hyle

+will depend largely on the weather at harvest-time. Thus

+in a stormy season it will usually be built compact and

+round, while in a calm one it may sometimes form a line

+several yards in length.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span></p>

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>''Tis merry while the wheat's in hile.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Barnes</span>, <cite>Poems</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To make up into hyles. Wheat and rye are always

+hyled, and oats usually so, about Salisbury.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Ichila-pea</b>. The Missel-thrush: only heard from one person,

+but perhaps an old name.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Iles</b>. See <small>Ailes</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Imitate</b>. To resemble. 'The childern be immitatin' o' their

+vather about the nause.' Participle only so used.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>In-a-most</b>. Almost.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'It inamwoast killed our bwoy Sam.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 145.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Innocent</b>. Small, neat, unobtrusive, as 'a innocent little

+primrose.' Virtually restricted to flowers.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Iron Pear</b>. <i>Pyrus Aria</i>, L., White Beam.&mdash;N.W. (Heddington,

+&amp;c.) Iron-Pear-Tree Farm, near Devizes, is said to take its

+name from this tree.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Isnet</b>. <i>Alkanet bugloss</i> (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ivors</b>. Hanging woods (<i>Slow</i>).&mdash;S.W. There would appear

+to be some misunderstanding here. The word may refer to

+the coverts on the hillside above Longbridge Deverill, which

+are known as <i>The Ivors</i>, the farm below being <i>Long Ivor Farm</i>.

+At Wroughton a field is called '<i>The Ivory</i>,' but this is perhaps

+a family name.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Izzard</b>. The letter Z (A.S.). Still in use in S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Jack</b>. A newt.&mdash;N.W. (Swindon.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jack</b>, <b>Jack Ern</b>. <i>Ardea cinerea</i>, the Heron (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 395).&mdash;N.W. Also <small>Moll 'ern</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jack-and-his-team</b>. The Great Bear.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.) See

+<small>Dick-and-his-team</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon</b>. <i>Tragopogon pratensis</i>, L., Goat's Beard.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jack-in-the-green</b>. (1) <i>Adonis autumnalis</i>, L., Pheasant's-eye.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) The hose-in-hose variety of Polyanthus.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jack-run-along-by-the-hedge</b>. <i>Alliaria officinalis</i>, Andrzj.,

+Hedge Mustard.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jacky-Dinah</b>. <i>Sylvia sylvicola</i>, the Wood Warbler.&mdash;S.W.

+(Bishopstone.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jacob's-ladder</b>. <i>Polygonatum multiflorum</i>, All., Solomon's Seal.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jag</b>. The awn and head of the oat. Oats are spoken of as

+'well-jagged,' 'having a good jag,' 'coming out in jag,' &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The despised oats were coming out in jag ... in jag means the

+spray-like drooping awn of the oat.'&mdash;<cite>Round about a Great Estate</cite>, ch. i.

+p. 8.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jan-Chider</b>. See <small>Johnny Chider</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jarl</b>. To quarrel, to 'have words.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jaw-bit</b>. Food carried out in the fields by labourers, to be

+eaten about 10 or 11 o'clock.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jee</b>. See <small>Gee</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jew-berry</b>. <i>Rubus caesius</i>, L., Dewberry; a corruption of the

+proper name (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xi).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jibbets</b>. Small pieces. 'You never did see such a slut! her

+gownd a-hangin' in dirty jibbets [rags] aal about her heels!'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jiffle</b>. At Bishopston, N. Wilts, an old bell-ringer was recently

+heard to accuse the younger men of having got into a regular

+'jiffle' (? confusion) while ringing. We have not met with

+the word elsewhere, but Hal. and Wright have <i>jiffle</i>, to be

+restless, var. dial.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jiggery-poke</b>. Hocus-pocus. <small>Jiggery-pokery.</small> Unfair dealing

+(S.): deception.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jigget</b>. <i>v.</i> To ride or walk at a jog-trot. 'Here we go a

+jiggettin' along.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jiggetty</b>. <i>adj.</i> (1) Jolty, shaky. 'This be a ter'ble jiggetty

+train.'&mdash;N.W. *(2) Fidgetty (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jimmy</b>, <b>Sheep's Jimmy</b>. A sheep's head (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jimmy-swiver</b>. <i>n.</i> A state of trembling. Apparently connected

+with <i>whiver</i> or <i>swiver</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I! I be all of a jimmy-swiver,"

+and she visibly trembled, which was what she meant.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne

+Farm</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jitch</b>, <b>Jitchy</b>. Such.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jobbet</b>. A small load (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jod</b>. The letter J (A.S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Johnny Chider</b>, <b>Chan-chider</b>. The Sedge Warbler, <i>Salicaria

+phragmitis</i>. So called 'because it scolds so.'&mdash;S.W. Jan

+Chider (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jolter-headed</b>. Wrong-headed; used generally of a jealous

+spouse. 'Her wur allus a jolter-headed 'ooman.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jonnick</b>. Honest, fair, straightforward in dealings (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Joseph-and-Mary</b>. <i>Pulmonaria officinalis</i>, L., Common Lung-wort,

+the flowers being of two colours, red and blue.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Joy-bird</b>. The Jay, <i>Garrulus glandarius</i>. The name commonly

+used in N. Wilts for the Jay. Fr. <i>geai</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Savernake

+Forest, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jumble</b>. A kind of coarse dark brown sweetmeat (<cite>My Old

+Village</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jumping Jesuses</b>. The long-legged water-flies, <i>Gerris</i>, which

+skim along the surface of streams.&mdash;N.W. (Hilmarton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Junk</b>. A hunch of bread-and-cheese, &amp;c.; a lump of wood or

+coal. A solid piece (S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Junket</b>. A treat or spree; still in use. When potatoes were

+not so common as now, a man would complain of his wife's

+'junketing wi' the taters,' i.e. digging them up before they

+were ripe, as a treat for the children.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Just about</b>. Extremely. See <small>About</small> (1).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jut</b>. To nudge, to touch (S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>K</b>. <i>K</i> sometimes becomes <i>t</i>, as <i>bleat</i>, bleak; <i>blunt</i>, blunk.

+Conversely, <i>t</i> becomes <i>k</i>, as <i>sleek</i>, sleet.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Keach</b>, &amp;c. See <small>Catch</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Keavin</b>. See <small>Cave</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Keck</b>. To retch as if sick (A.); to cough; also <small>Cack</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kecker</b>. The windpipe (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kecks</b>. Dry stalks of hemlock (A.B.). Hemlock must here

+be taken to mean several of the larger <i>Umbelliferae</i>, and to

+include occasionally growing plants as well as dry stems.

+There are many variants of the word, as <small>Keeks</small> (A.), <small>Kecksey</small>

+(A.B.), <small>Gix</small> (A.B.H.Wr.), <small>Gicksies</small> (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iii),

+<small>Gicks</small> (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. v).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Keep</b>, <b>Kip</b>. Growing food for cattle, &amp;c. (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kerf</b>. A layer of turf or hay (A.B.C.). A truss of hay.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ketch</b>. See <small>Catch</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Keys, or Keyn</b>. Fruit of ash and sycamore (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Kibble</b>. *(1) To chip a stone roughly into shape (A.). Cf.

+Glouc. <i>cabble</i>, to break smelted pig-iron into small pieces,

+before proceeding to draw it into bar-iron. *(2) To cut up

+firewood (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxiv. p. 210).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kid</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The cod or pod of peas, beans, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To form pods; used of peas and beans. <i>Well-kidded</i>,

+of beans or peas, having the stalks full of pods (D.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kidney-stones</b>. Dark water-worn pebbles (<cite>Eulogy</cite>, p. 28).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>'Kin</b>. The same as <small>Ciderkin</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kind</b>. Some woods and soils 'work kind,' i.e. easily, pleasantly.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>King's-cushion</b>. See <small>Queen's-cushion</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kiss-behind-the-garden-gate</b>. <i>Saxifraga umbrosa</i>, L., London

+Pride.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kissing-gate</b>. A 'Cuckoo-gate,' or swing gate in a V-shaped

+enclosure.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kiss-me-quick</b>. <i>Centranthus ruber</i>, DC., Red Spur Valerian.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Kite's Pan</b>. <i>Orchis maculata</i>, L., Spotted Orchis.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kitty Candlestick</b>. <i>Ignis fatuus</i>, Will-o'-the-Wisp. <small>Kit of

+the Candlestick</small> (Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 17, ed. Brit.).&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kiver</b>. A cooler used in brewing (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knacker</b>. To snap the fingers. Nacker (H.Wr.)&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knap</b>, <b>Knop</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To chip stone, as formerly in making

+a gun-flint.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A little hill; a steep ascent

+in a road (S.). This is really a Devon use.&mdash;S.W. (Dorset

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knee-sick</b>. Of wheat, drooping at the joints, from weakness

+in the straw (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knee-socked</b>. Corn beaten down by storms is 'knee-socked

+down.'&mdash;N.W. See <small>Knee-sick</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knit</b>. Of fruit, to set. 'The gooseberries be knitted a'ready.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knitch</b>, <b>Nitch</b>, <b>Niche</b>, &amp;c. Usually spelt incorrectly, without

+the <i>k</i>. M.E. <i>knucche</i>, Germ. <i>knocke</i>: used by Wycliffe,

+also in <cite>Alton Locke</cite>, ch. xxviii. (1) <i>Nitch</i>, a burden of

+wood, straw, or hay (A.B.), such a faggot as a hedger or

+woodman may carry home with him at night; a short thick

+heavy chump of wood (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Hence a fine baby

+is spoken of as 'a regular nitch' (<i>Ibid.</i>). A bundle of

+gleaned corn (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) 'He has got a nitch,'

+is intoxicated, has had as much liquor as he can carry

+(A.B.). Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He's got his market-nitch.'&mdash;<cite>Tess of the D'Urbervilles</cite>, vol. i. p. 19.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Knot Couch</b>. <i>Avena elatior</i>, so called from the roots sometimes

+looking like a much-knotted cord or a string of beads.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Koomb</b>. See <small>Comb</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Ladies-and-Gentlemen</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint.

+Leades an Genlmin (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ladies'-balls</b>. <i>Centaurea nigra</i>, L., Black Knapweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs</b>. <i>Lotus corniculatus</i>, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil.&mdash;N.W. (Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ladies-in-white</b>. <i>Saxifraga umbrosa</i>, L., London Pride.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady-cow</b>. The Ladybird.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-cushion</b>. <i>Anthyllis vulneraria</i>, L., Kidney Vetch.&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-finger</b>. (1) Applied generally to <i>Lotus corniculatus</i>

+and <i>Hippocrepis comosa</i>, and occasionally also to <i>Lathyrus pratensis</i>.

+'Leades vingers, the wild Calceolaria' (S.), probably

+refers to one of these flowers.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>Arum

+maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;S.W. (Barford St. Martin):

+N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lady's-glove</b>. 'The Greater Bird's-foot.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-nightcap</b>. The flower of <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great

+Bindweed (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-petticoat</b>. <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, L., Wood Anemone.&mdash;S.W.

+(Mere.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-ruffles</b>. The double white Narcissus.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-shoe</b>. <i>Fumaria officinalis</i>, L., Common Fumitory.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lady's-slipper</b>. Applied generally to the same plants as

+Lady's-finger.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lain</b>. Of a smith, to dress the wing and point of a share

+(D.). See <small>Lay</small> (4).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Laiter</b>, <b>Loiter</b>. A full laying or clutch of eggs. The whole

+number of eggs produced by a hen at one laying, before she

+gets broody and ceases to lay.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lake</b>. A small stream of running water.&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lambkins</b>. Catkins of hazel.&mdash;S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lamb's-cage</b>. A crib for foddering sheep in fold (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lamb's-creep</b>. A hole in the hurdles to enable the lambs

+to get out of the fold.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lamb's-tails</b>. Catkins of willow and hazel.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Land</b>. The 'rudge,' or ground between two water-furrows

+in a ploughed field.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The ploughman walks in the furrow his share has made, and

+presently stops to measure the "lands" with the spud.'&mdash;<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. vii. pp. 130-1.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Landshard</b>. The strip of greensward dividing two pieces

+of arable in a common field (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Land-spring</b>. A spring which only runs in wet weather

+(<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. v. p. 109).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lane</b> (<i>a</i> broad). A strip of grass, generally irregular, bounding

+an arable field.&mdash;N.W. (Devizes.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lannock</b>. A long narrow piece of land (A.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lanshet</b>. See <small>Linch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lark's-seed</b>. <i>Plantago major</i>, L., Greater Plantain.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Latter Lammas</b>. An unpunctual person (S.)&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'When a person is habitually late and unpunctual, folks say&mdash;"What

+a Latter Lammas thee beest, ta be sure!"'&mdash;<cite>Letter from Mr. Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lattermath</b>. Aftermath (A.B.). <small>Lattermass</small> at Cherhill.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lave</b>. (1) Of a candle, to gutter down (H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) To splash up water over yourself, as in a bath. 'Lave

+it well over ye.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Law</b>. In N. Wilts, when speaking of relations-in-law, the <i>in</i>

+is always omitted, as <small>brother-law</small>, <small>father-law</small>, &amp;c., the only

+exception being <small>son-in-law</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lay</b>. (1) <i>To lay a hedge</i>, to trim it back, cutting the boughs

+half through, and then bending them down and intertwining

+them so as to strengthen the fence (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>To lay rough</i>, to sleep about under hedges like a vagabond.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (3) <i>To lay up a field</i>, to reserve it for

+mowing.&mdash;S.W. (4) <i>To lay a tool</i>, to steel its edge afresh.

+This appears to be the same as Davis's <i>lain</i>, which is

+probably a contraction of <i>lay in</i>. At Mildenhall you often

+hear of <i>laying</i> or <i>laying in</i> a pickaxe, and the word is to

+be traced back for a century or more in the parish accounts

+there.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (5) An idle dissipated man is said

+to <i>lay about</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Laylocks</b>. Usually <i>Syringa vulgaris</i>, L., Lilac, but rarely applied

+to <i>Cardamine pratensis</i>, L., Lady's Smock, in S. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lay-over</b>. A wooden bar, or a rope, used to fasten tackle

+together.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Two or three horses go abreast, each drawing a harrow diagonally,

+all the harrows being fastened together with a lay-over or rider.'&mdash;<cite>Agric.

+of Wilts</cite>, ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Leach</b>. A strand of a rope.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lear</b>, <b>Leer</b>. (1) Empty (A.B.C.G.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Hence,

+craving for food, hungry (A.C.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. <small>Leary</small> is

+the usual form on the Som. bord.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I never eat but two meals a day&mdash;breakfast and supper ... and

+I'm rather lear (hungry) at supper.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. i.</p></blockquote>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 97.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Learn</b>. To teach. 'I'll learn 'ee to do that again, you young

+vaggot!' 'Her do want some 'un to learn she, 'stead o' she

+learnin' we!' In general use in Wilts.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lease</b>, <b>Leaze</b>, &amp;c.: sometimes used with a prefix, as <small>Cow-leaze</small>,

+<small>Ox-leaze</small>. (1) As much pasture as will keep

+a cow (B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) A large open pasture. <small>Legh</small>,

+<small>Lease</small> (Aubrey); <small>Leaze</small> (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iii).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lease</b>. To glean (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lease-bread</b>. Bread made from lease-corn.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lease-corn</b>. Wheat collected by gleaning.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Leaser</b>. A gleaner.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ledged</b>. See <small>Lodged</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lemfeg</b>. An Elleme fig (A.H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'A cure-peg, a curry-peg,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">A lem-feg, a dough-feg.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Nursery Jingle.</cite><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang">*<b>Length</b>, <b>Lent</b>. A loan (A.B.). *<small>Lenth</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Let-off</b>. To abuse.&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Maester let I off at a vine rate.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 111.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lew</b> (pronounced <i>Loo</i>). (1) <i>adj.</i> Warm (H.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> Shelter (A.B.C.S.). 'Get in the lew,' i.e. into a place

+sheltered from the wind. A.S. <i>hleo</i>, <i>hleow</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lewis's Cat</b>. A person suspected of incendiary habits. Many

+years ago fires are said to have occurred so frequently on the

+premises of a person of this name (whose <i>cat</i> sometimes had

+the blame of starting them), that the phrase passed into

+common use, and a suspected man soon 'got the name of

+a Lewis's Cat,' now corrupted into 'Blue Cat.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lewth</b>. Warmth (A.B.C.). Usually restricted to the sun's

+warmth, but in <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite> applied to a thin coat, which

+'has no lewth in it.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lew-warm</b>. Luke-warm.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Libbet</b>. A fragment (S.). 'All in a libbet,' or 'All in libbets

+and jibbets,' torn to rags.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Also <small>Lippet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Liberty</b>. <i>v.</i> To allow anything to run loose. 'It don't

+matter how much it's libertied,' the more freedom you can

+give it the better.&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Licket</b>. 'All to a licket,' all to pieces.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lide</b>. The month of March (A.). A.S. <i>hl�da</i>, <i>hl�damonath</i>,

+the stormy month, from <i>hl�d</i>, boisterous, noisy (so Grein).

+This has nothing to do with <i>lide</i> or <i>lithe</i>, mild, whence come

+the A.S. names for June and July. See <cite>N. &amp; Q.</cite> Feb. 6,

+1892.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lieton</b>. See <small>Litton</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lill</b>. To pant as a dog (A.B.H.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lily</b>, or <b>Lilies</b>. (1) <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley and Charlton.) (2) <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Limb</b>, <b>Limm</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A ragged tear (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To tear irregularly, to jag out (<i>Ibid.</i>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Limbers</b>. The shafts of a waggon (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Linch</b>, <b>Linchet</b>, <b>Lynch</b>, <b>Lanshet</b> (N.W.), <b>Lytchet</b> (S.W.),

+<b>Linchard</b>, &amp;c. (S.). A.S. <i>hlinc</i>, a bank. For articles on

+Lynchet, Linchet, or Linch, see <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xii. 185,

+and xv. 88. Also articles and letters in <cite>Marlborough College

+Natural History Report</cite> and <cite>Marlborough Times</cite>, 1892,

+Seebohm's <cite>Village Community</cite>, and Britten's <cite>Old Country

+Words</cite>. In an old MS. schedule of land at Huish, N.W.,

+'<i>Lanshes and borders</i>,' i.e. turf boundary banks and field

+margins, are enumerated. (1) Certain terraces, a few

+yards wide, on the escarpment of the downs, probably the

+remains of ancient cultivation, are locally known as <small>Lynches</small>

+or <small>Lynchets</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) The very narrow ledges,

+running in regular lines along the steep face of a down,

+probably made by sheep feeding there, are also frequently so

+called.&mdash;S.W. (3) A raised turf bank dividing or bounding

+a field.&mdash;S.W. (4) A strip of greensward dividing two

+pieces of arable land in a common field (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(5) An inland cliff, cf. 'The Hawk's Lynch' (<cite>Tom Brown at

+Oxford</cite>); occasionally applied to a steep slope or escarpment,

+as at Bowood and Warminster.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Linchard</b> A precipitous strip of land on a hillside, left unploughed

+(<cite>Spring-tide</cite>, pp. 79 and 186). See <small>Linch</small>. Cf. A.S.

+<i>hlinc</i>, a bank; and perhaps <i>sceard</i>, a piece or portion (Skeat).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lined</b>. Of an animal, having a white back (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Linet</b>. Tinder (H.Wr.). Tinder was made of linen.&mdash;N.W.,

+not long obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lipe</b>. A pleat or fold in cloth.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lipping</b>. Of weather, showery, wet, and stormy. 'I thenks

+as we shall have a ter'ble lipping summer to-year.' Cf.

+Lipping-time, a wet season, Glouc., and <i>Lippen'</i>, showery,

+Som.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Litten</b>, <b>Litton</b>. A churchyard. Lieton (H.Wr.) <small>Chirche-litoun</small>

+(<cite>Chron. Vilod.</cite>). Still used in Hants, but probably

+now obsolete in Wilts (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxv. p. 129).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'His next bed will be in the Litten, if he be laying on the ground

+on such a night as this.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 161.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Liver-sand</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Sand-veins ... which are deep and tough, and are of the nature

+called in Wilts "liver-sand."'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lob</b>. Of leaves, to droop limply, as cabbages do before rain.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lock</b>. 'A lock of hay,' a small quantity of hay (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Locks-and-Keys</b>. <i>Dielytra spectabilis</i>, D.C. The usual

+cottagers' name for it in Somerset.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Locky</b>. Of hay which has not been properly shaken about,

+stuck together in locks as it was cut.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lodged</b>. Of wheat, laid or beaten down by wind or rain (D.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. Also <small>Ledged</small> (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii.

+p. 112).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Log</b>. See <small>Lug</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loggered</b>. A boy who is at plough all day often gets so

+<i>loggered</i>, or weighed down with <i>loggers</i>, all the time, that he

+comes home at night quite exhausted.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loggers</b>. Lumps of dirt on a ploughboy's feet.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) In Glouc. a 'logger' is a small log attached to

+a horse's foot, to prevent straying.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loggerums</b>. (1) <i>Centaurea nigra</i>, L., Black Knapweed.&mdash;N.W.

+*(2) 'Scabious' (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loiter</b>. See <small>Laiter</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lolloper</b>. A lazy lout (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lollup</b>. (1) To loll out. 'Look at <em>he</em>, wi' he's tongue

+a lolluping out o' he's mouth, vor aal the world like a dog!'&mdash;N.W.

+(2) To loll about, to idle about. 'What be

+a-lollupin' about like that vor?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Long Eliza</b>. A kind of long blue earthen jar, formerly often

+seen in cottages.&mdash;N.W. (Berks bord.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The high black chimney-shelf was covered with crockery of a low

+type of beauty; pink and yellow china dogs shared their elevated

+station with "long Elizas" and squat female figures.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. i.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Longful</b>. Tedious (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Long purples</b>. <i>Lythrum Salicaria</i>, L., Purple Loosestrife.

+Rarely used. Tennyson's 'long purples of the dale' have

+been identified by himself as <i>Vicia Cracca</i>; Shakespeare's

+are either <i>Orchis mascula</i>, or <i>Arum maculatum</i>, while Clare

+applies the name to <i>Lythrum</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Long-winded</b>. 'A long-winded man' always means one who

+is very slow to pay his debts.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Long wood</b>. The long branches which are bent down and

+used to weave in and bind a hedge when it is being laid.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lope along</b>. To run as a hare does.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loppet</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> The same as <small>Lope</small>. (2) <i>v.</i> To idle about,

+to slouch about. 'A girt veller, allus a loppetin' about.'&mdash;N.W.

+Cf. <small>Sloppet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Loppetty</b>. Weak, out of sorts.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lords-and-Ladies</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint (A.B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lot</b>. To reckon, expect, think. 'I do lot her's a bad 'un.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lot-meads</b>. (1) Common meadows divided into equal-sized

+pieces, for the hay of which lots were cast each year (D.).&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Lot Mead" is not an uncommon name of fields in Wiltshire

+parishes. It is perhaps a vestige of the original partition of lands

+when cleared, which the chronicler Simeon of Durham says were distributed

+by lot. See Kemble's <cite>Anglo-Saxons</cite>, i. 91.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span> <cite>Aubrey</cite>,

+note, p. 198.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) A kind of festival in connexion with this division.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Here [at Wanborough] is a Lott-mead celebrated yearly with great

+ceremony. The Lord weareth a garland of flowers: the mowers at

+one house have always a pound of beefe and a head of garlic every

+man.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span> <cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 198.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Nothing more appears to be known about this festival.&mdash;N.W.

+(Wanborough), obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lottle</b>. <i>v.</i> To sound as water trickling in a small stream.

+Cf. <small>Glox</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Love-an'-idols</b>, or <b>Loving Idols</b>. <i>Viola tricolor</i>, L., Love-in-idleness,

+usually the wild form, but occasionally applied

+to the garden pansy also. <small>Nuffin-idols</small> at Clyffe Pypard.

+<small>Lovenidolds</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Loving-andrews</b>. <i>Geranium pratense</i>, L., Meadow Cranesbill

+(<cite>Village Miners</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Lowl-eared</b>. Long-eared (A.B.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Luce</b>. (1) Luke-warm.&mdash;S.W. *(2) A sore in sheep.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lug</b>. (1) In land measure, a pole or perch (A.B.G.H.S.).

+<small>Log</small> (<cite>MS. Gough</cite>: K.Wr.)&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A lug ... is of three lengths in this county: 15, 18, and 16&frac12; feet.

+The first of these measures is getting out of use, but is still retained in

+some places, particularly in increasing mason's work. The second is

+the ancient forest measure, and is still used in many parts of the

+county for measuring wood-land. But the last, which is the statute

+perch, is by much the more general.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, p. 268.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Any rod or pole (D.H.), as a perch for fowls, a clothes

+pole (A.B.). See <small>Oven-lug</small>.</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Olde Freeman doe weare ruggs [coarse cloth],<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">And Thomas Lord doe goe to the woods to steal poles and luggs.'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="signature">Seventeenth century doggrell rhymes from Wroughton,<br />

+quoted in <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 216.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lug-wood</b>. Lops and tops of trees.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lummakin</b>. Heavy, ungainly, clumsy (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lumper</b>. To move heavily, to stumble along. Of a pony,

+to stumble. To kick against anything (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(Malmesbury, Pewsey, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lumpus</b>. (1) Noise, row. 'Don't 'ee make such a lumpus.'&mdash;N.W.

+(2) All in a lump, heavily, as applied to a fall.

+'Th'oss didn't vall down, but a come down wi' a kind of

+a lumpus.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lump work</b>. Piece work.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lumpy</b>. Stout and strong. To say to any one, 'Why, ye

+be growed main lumpy!' is to pay him a high compliment.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lurry</b>. Of cows, suffering from looseness.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lynchet</b>, <b>Lytchet</b>. See <small>Linch</small>.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Another British coin, found on the "lytchets" at East Dean, has

+passed into the cabinet of Dr. Blackmore.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii.

+p. 242.</p></blockquote>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Maakin</b>. See <small>Malkin</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mace</b>. See Note to quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This is a style still used by the lower classes in North Wiltshire to

+tradesmen and sons of farmers. Thus at Ogbourne St. George, a

+brickmaker whose name is Davis, is called "Mace Davis," and sons of

+farmers are called "Mace John," or "Mace Thomas," the surname being

+sometimes added and sometimes not.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. i. p. 338.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">This seems a misapprehension. The word used is simply

+<i>Mais'</i> (before a consonant), a shortened form of 'Maister.'

+'Mais' John' is short for Maister John. Before a vowel it

+would be <i>Mais'r</i> or <i>Maistr'</i>&mdash;as 'Maistr' Etherd' [Edward].&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<i>Mas</i> was formerly a common contraction for <i>master</i>, e.g. "Mas

+John," and is used by Ben Jonson and other Elizabethan writers.

+See Nares, s.v. <i>Mas</i>.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mad</b>. Of land, spoilt, damaged, as by sudden heat after much

+rain (Lisle's <cite>Husbandry</cite>).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Madde</b>. *(1) <i>Asperula odorata</i>, L., Sweet Woodruff.&mdash;N.W.

+(Lyneham.) (2) <i>Anthemis Cotula</i>, L., Stinking Camomile.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Madell</b> (<i>a</i> broad), <b>Medal</b>, &amp;c. The game of 'Merrills' or 'Nine

+Men's Morris.' Also known as <small>Puzzle-Pound</small>. Several

+varieties of <small>Madell</small> are played in Wilts, known respectively

+as <small>Eleven-penny</small> (strictly <small>The Merrills</small>), <small>Nine-penny</small>, <small>Six-penny</small>,

+and <small>Three-penny</small>, according to the number of pieces

+used. 'Eleven-penny' is played with eleven pieces each side,

+instead of nine, the game being in other respects identical

+with 'Nine Men's Morris' as described in Strutt's <cite>Sports and

+Pastimes</cite>. The players move alternately, and the general

+principle is to get three pieces together in a line anywhere

+on the dots or holes, while at the same time preventing your

+adversary from making a line. 'Nine-penny,' 'Six-penny,'

+and 'Three-penny' differ only in the number of men each

+side and the form of the board (<i>see diagrams</i>). The 'board'

+is scratched or chalked out on paving-stones, drawn on the

+slate, cut deep into the turf on the downs, or the top of

+the corn-bin (with holes instead of dots), in short, made

+anywhere and anyhow. The 'men' or 'pieces' may be

+anything available, sticks being played against stones, beans

+against oats, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (Devizes, &amp;c.)</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span></p>

+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 247px;">

+<img src="images/nine-mens-morris.jpg" width="247" height="250" alt="" />

+<div class="caption">Nine Men's Morris,<br />

+or Eleven-penny Madell.<br /><br /></div>

+</div>

+

+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;">

+<img src="images/nine-penny-madell.jpg" width="250" height="248" alt="" />

+<div class="caption">Nine-penny Madell,<br />

+or The Merrills.<br /><br /></div>

+</div>

+

+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 250px;">

+<img src="images/six-penny-madell.jpg" width="250" height="217" alt="" />

+<div class="caption">Six-penny Madell.<br /><br /></div>

+</div>

+

+<div class="figcenter" style="width: 247px;">

+<img src="images/three-penny-madell.jpg" width="247" height="250" alt="" />

+<div class="caption">Three-penny Madell.<br /><br /></div>

+</div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Maggots</b>. <i>n.</i> Tricks, nonsense. 'Her's at her maggots again.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Maggotting</b>. Meddling (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Maggotty</b>. <i>adj.</i> Frisky, playful (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Maggotty-pie</b>. <i>Picus caudatus</i>, the Magpie (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033,

+f. 2), still in use.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Maiden's Honesty</b>. <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy.

+See <small>Honesty</small>.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'All the hedges about Thickwood (in the parish Colerne) are ...

+hung with maydens honesty.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Wilts</cite>, Royal Soc. MS. p. 120.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Main</b>. (1) <i>adv.</i> Very, as 'main good,' excellent (A.B.).&mdash;N.&amp;

+S.W. (2) <i>adj.</i> 'A main sight o' frawk,' a great

+number (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mais'</b>. See <small>Mace</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Make</b>. 'That makes me out,' puzzles me (H.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Malkin</b>. See <small>Mawkin</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mammered</b>. Perplexed (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mammock</b>. <i>v.</i> To pull to pieces (<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>, August,

+1893).&mdash;N.W. (Castle Eaton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He did so set his teeth and tear it; O, I warrant, how he

+mammocked it!'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Shakespeare</span>, <cite>Coriolanus</cite>, i. 3.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mander</b>. To order about in a worrying dictatorial fashion

+(S.). 'Measter do mander I about so.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mandy</b> (long <i>a</i>). (1) Frolicsome, saucy, impudent (A.B.C.):

+now only used by very old people.&mdash;N.W. *(2) Showy

+(C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mar</b>. See <small>More</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Marlbro'-handed</b>. People who used their tools awkwardly

+were formerly called '<i>Marlbro'-handed vawk</i>,' natives of

+Marlborough being traditionally famed for clumsiness and

+unhandiness.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Marley</b>. Streaky, marbled; applied to fat beef, or bacon

+from a fat pig, where the fat seems to streak and grain

+the lean.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Martin</b>, <b>Free-martin</b>. A calf of doubtful sex.&mdash;N.W. An

+animal with an ox-like head and neck, which never breeds,

+but is excellent for fatting purposes. It is commonly supposed

+that a female calf born twin with a male is always

+a free-martin. Recent investigations, however, have proved

+that though the external organs of a free-martin may be

+female the internal are in all cases male. The rule laid

+down by Geddes and Thomson is that twin calves are

+always normal when of opposite sex or both female; but

+that if both are male one is invariably thus abnormal

+(<cite>Evolution of Sex</cite>, ch. iii. p. 39). Compare Scotch <i>ferow</i>

+or <i>ferry cow</i>, a cow not in calf, and <i>mart</i>, an ox; also A.S.

+<i>fear</i>, a bullock (<cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Masked</b>. See <small>A-masked</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mathern</b>, <b>Mauthern</b>. *(1) <i>Chrysanthemum leucanthemum</i>,

+L., Ox-eye Daisy (A.D.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W. (2) Wild Camomile

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Maudlin</b>. The Ox-eye Daisy (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mawk</b> (pronounced <i>Maak</i>). To clean out the oven with the

+'maakin,' before putting in the batch of bread.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mawkin</b>, <b>Malkin</b>, <b>Maak</b>, or <b>Maakin</b>, (1) An oven-swab

+with which the charcoal sticks are swept out of the oven,

+before putting in the batch (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The malkin, being wetted, cleaned out the ashes ... malkin [is]

+a bunch of rags on the end of a stick.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Also used as a term of reproach.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thee looks like a girt maakin.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>May-beetle</b>, The cockchafer (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>May-blobs</b>, <b>May-blubs</b>, or <b>May-bubbles</b>, Flowers and buds

+of <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mazzard</b>, *(1) A small kind of cherry (<cite>English Plant

+Names</cite>). <small>Merry</small> is the usual Wilts name, <i>Mazzard</i> being

+Dev. and Som. (2) The head (A.), but only in such

+threats as:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I'll break thee mazzard vor thee!'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 31.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Ben Jonson has <i>mazzarded</i>, broken-headed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Meadow-soot</b>, <i>Spiraea Ulmaria</i>, L., Meadow-sweet (<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. ii). <i>Sote</i>, or <i>soot</i>=sweet.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mealy</b>, Mild and damp. ''Twar a oncommon mealy

+marnin'.'&mdash;N.W. (Bratton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Measle-flower</b>, The garden Marigold, the dried flowers having

+some local reputation as a remedy. Children, however, have

+an idea that they may catch the complaint from handling

+the plant.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Med</b>, See <small>Mid</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Meg</b>, <b>Meggy</b>. (1) In the game of <small>Must</small>, q.v., a small stone&mdash;called

+a 'meg' or 'meggy'&mdash;is placed on the top of a large

+one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,' of which each

+player has one.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. *(2) <small>Maig.</small> A peg (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mere</b>. A boundary line or bank of turf.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. A turf

+boundary between the downs on adjoining farms: formed

+by cutting two thick turves, one smaller than the other, and

+placing them, upside down, with the smaller one on top, at

+intervals of about a chain along the boundary line.&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one another,

+not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a foot or so wide,

+which they call "balks" or "meres."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> xvii. 294.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Two acres of arable, of large measure, in Pen field, lying together

+and bounded by meres on both sides.'&mdash;<cite>Hilmarton Parish Terrier</cite>, dated

+1704.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mere-stone</b>. A boundary stone (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Merry</b>. The cherry; applied to both black and red varieties,

+but especially the small semi-wild fruit.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Merry-flower</b>. The wild Cherry.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mesh</b> (<i>e</i> long). Moss or lichen on an old apple-tree.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Messenger</b>. (1) A sunbeam reaching down to the horizon

+from behind a cloud is sometimes said to be the sun

+'sending out a messenger.' Cf. Cope's <cite>Hants Glossary</cite>. Used

+by children in both N. &amp; S. Wilts. (2) <i>pl.</i> The small

+detached clouds that precede a storm (<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>,

+ch. vi).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mice's-mouths</b>. <i>Linaria vulgaris</i>, Mill., Snapdragon.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Michaelmas Crocus</b>. <i>Colchicum autumnale</i>, L., Meadow Saffron.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mickle</b>. Much (A.S.). A.S. <i>micel</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mid</b>, <b>Med</b>. <i>v.</i> Might or may (S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Middling</b>. (1) Ailing in health (H.); <small>Middlinish</small> (<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 137).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Tolerable, as 'a middlin'

+good crop.' <small>Middlekin</small> is occasionally used in S. Wilts in

+this sense.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. 'Very middling' (with a shake of

+the head), bad, or ill; 'pretty middling' (with a nod), good,

+or well (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 112).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Midstay</b>. The barn-floor between the mows.&mdash;N.W. (Aldbourne.)

+Compare <i>Middlestead</i>, a threshing-floor: <i>East of

+England</i>; also</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'The old and one-eyed cart-horse dun<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">The middenstead went hobbling round,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Blowing the light straw from the ground.'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<span class="smcap">W. Morris</span>, <cite>The Land East of the Sun</cite>.<br />

+</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Midsummer men</b>. <i>Sedum Fabaria</i>, Koch., a variety of the red

+Orpine.&mdash;N.W. occasionally; S.W. (Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mild</b>. Of stone or wood, easily worked (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ix).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Milk-flower</b>. <i>Lychnis vespertina</i>, Sibth., Evening Campion.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton All Saints.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Milkmaids</b>. <i>Cardamine pratensis</i>, L., Lady's Smock. In common

+use in Hill Deverill and Longbridge Deverill, also at Farley

+and Hamptworth.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Milkwort</b>. <i>Euphorbia Peplus</i>, L., Petty Spurge.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mill</b>. To clean clover-seed from the husk (D.). <small>Milled Hop</small>

+(D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Miller</b>, <b>Millard</b>, <b>Mallard</b>, or <b>Dusty Miller</b>. A large white

+moth (A.S.); generally extended to any large night-flying

+species.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mill-peck</b>. A kind of hammer with two chisel-heads, used

+for deepening the grooves of the millstone (<cite>Great Estate</cite>,

+ch. ix).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mill-staff</b>. A flat piece of wood, rubbed with ruddle, by which

+the accuracy of the work done by the mill-peck may be

+tested (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ix).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mind</b>. (1) To remind. 'That minds I o' Lunnon, it do.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) To remember. 'I minds I wur just about

+bad then.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) 'To be a mind to anything,'

+to be inclined to do it.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Minding</b>. A reminder. After a severe illness you are apt to

+have 'the mindings on't' now and again.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Minnies</b>. Small fry of all kinds of fish.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mint</b>. A cheese-mite (A.). The older form of <i>mite</i> (Skeat).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Minty</b>. Of cheese, full of mites (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mist-pond</b>. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but

+kept up by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail,

+even in the longest drought. More commonly called <small>Dew-ponds</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Broadchalke, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mixen</b>, <b>Muxen</b>. A dungheap (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mix-muddle</b>. One who muddles things imbecilely (<cite>Village

+Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Miz-maze</b>. Puzzle, perplexity, confusion.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Miz-mazed</b>. Thoroughly puzzled, stupefied. Stunned (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mizzy-mazey</b>. Confused. Used of print swimming before the

+eyes.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moile</b>. Dirt, mud. <small>Mwoile</small> (A.). 'Aal in a mwoile.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moll*'ern</b>, <b>Molly Heron</b>. The Heron (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mommick</b>, <b>Mommet</b>. A scarecrow. Cf. <small>Mummock</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Money-in-both-pockets</b>. <i>Lunaria biennis</i>, L., Honesty, from

+the seeds showing on both sides of the dissepiment through

+the transparent pod.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Monkey-musk</b>. The large garden varieties of <i>Mimulus</i>, which

+resemble the true musk, but are scentless, and therefore

+merely <i>monkey</i> (i.e. mock, spurious) musk.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Monkey Nut</b>. <i>Poa annua</i>, L., Meadow Grass; eaten by boys

+for its nut-like flavour.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Monkey-plant</b>. Garden <i>Mimulus</i> (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. viii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mooch</b>. See <small>Mouch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moocher</b>. See <small>Moucher</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moochers</b>. Fruit of <i>Rubus fruticosus</i>, L., Blackberry (S.).

+Cf. <small>Berry-moucher</small> (2).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moon-daisy</b>. <i>Chrysanthemum leucanthemum</i>, L., Ox-eye Daisy

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii). A very general name, especially in

+N. Wilts. The flowers are sometimes called <small>Moons</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moonied up</b>. Coddled and spoilt by injudicious bringing up.

+'Gells as be moonied up bean't never no good.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moots</b>. Roots of trees left in the ground (A.). See <small>Stowls</small>.&mdash;E.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mop</b>. (1) A Statute Fair for hiring servants (A.B.); also

+used in Glouc. (<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 33).&mdash;N.W. (2) A rough

+tuft of grass.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moral</b>. A child is said to be the 'very moral,' or exact likeness,

+of its father. A form of 'model.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>More</b>, <b>Mar</b>, <b>Moir</b>. (1) An old root or stump of a tree.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) A root of any plant (A.B.G.S.: Aubrey's

+<cite>Wilts MS.</cite>), as 'a strawberry more'; 'fern mars'; 'cowslip

+mars,' &amp;c. (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. vii.) Occasionally <small>Moir</small> in

+N. Wilts, as in <small>Crazy Moir</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moreish</b>. Appetizing, so good that you want more of it. 'Viggy

+pudden be oncommon moreish.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mort</b>. <i>n.</i> A quantity.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Her talks a mort too vine.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. x.</p>

+

+<p>'I stuck up to her a mort o' Sundays.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> ch. xv.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Most-in-deal</b>. Usually, generally (A.B.C.). 'Where do 'e bide

+now, Bill?' 'Most-in-deal at 'Vize [Devizes], but zometimes

+at Ziszeter [Cirencester].' <small>Most-in-general</small> is more commonly

+used now.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Most-in-general</b>. Usually.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Most in gen'ral I catches sight of you when I goes by wi' the

+horses, but you wasn't in the garden this afternoon.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. i.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mote</b>, <b>Maute</b>. A morsel of anything, a very minute quantity.&mdash;S.W.,

+formerly.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mother-of-thousands</b>. (1) <i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>, L.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>Linaria Cymbalaria</i>, Mill., Ivy-leaved Toadflax.&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mother Shimbles' Snick-needles</b>. <i>Stellaria Holostea</i>, L.,

+Greater Stitchwort (<cite>Sarum Dioc. Gazette</cite>).&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mothery</b>. Thick, muddy, as spoilt beer or vinegar (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mouch</b>, <b>Mooch</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To prowl about the woods and lanes,

+picking up such unconsidered trifles as nuts, watercresses,

+blackberries, ferns, and flower-roots, with an occasional turn

+at poaching (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. vii); to pilfer out-of-doors,

+as an armful of clover from the fresh-cut swathe

+(<cite>Hodge and his Masters</cite>, ch. xxiii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Probably connected with O.F. <i>mucer</i>, <i>muchier</i>, Fr. <i>musser</i>, to hide, to

+lurk about. It always implies something done more or less by stealth.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To play the truant.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To be

+sulky or out of temper.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (4) <i>n.</i> 'In a mouch,'

+in a bad temper. 'On the mouch,' gone off mouching.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moucher</b>, <b>Moocher</b>. (1) A truant (A.B.). See <small>Berry-moucher</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) A man who lives by mouching (<cite>Gamekeeper

+at Home</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Moulter</b>. Of birds, to moult.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mound</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A hedge. In general use in N. Wilts.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To hedge in or enclose.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The Churchyard ... to be mounded partly by the manor, partly

+by the parish and parsonage except only one gate to be maintained by

+the vicar.'&mdash;1704, <cite>Hilmarton Parish Terrier</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mouse</b>. The 'mouse' is a small oblong piece of muscle, under

+the blade-bone of a pig.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The chief muscles of the body were named from lively animals;

+e.g. ... <i>mus</i>, mouse, the biceps muscle of the arm, and so in A.S. and

+O.H.G. Cf. <i>musculus</i>, (1) a little mouse, (2) a muscle.' (<cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>,

+p. 615, sub Calf.)&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mousetails</b>. A kind of grass, perhaps Cats'-tail, but not

+<i>Myosorus</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Moutch</b>. 'On the moutch,' shuffling (H.). Some meaning

+of <small>Mouch</small> has probably here been misunderstood.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mouthy</b>. <i>adj.</i> Abusive, cheeky, impudent.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mow</b>. In a barn, the unboarded space at each end of the

+threshing-floor, where the corn used to be heaped up for

+threshing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mowing-machine Bird</b>. <i>Salicaria locustella</i>, Grasshopper

+Warbler, from its peculiar note (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 154).&mdash;S.W.

+(Mere.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Much</b>. (1) 'It's much if he do,' most likely he won't do

+it. 'It's much if he don't,' most likely he will.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To make much of, to pet. 'Her do like muching,'

+i.e. being petted.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Much-about</b>. Used intensively.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I was never one to go bellockin', though I've allus had much-about

+raison to murmur.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. x.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muck</b>. Dirt, mud, earth.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mucker</b>. A miserly person (S.) Cf. <small>Mouch</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A fine old word, that I do not remember to have met with in other

+counties. It=Old Eng. <i>mokerer</i> (<cite>Old English Miscellany</cite>, E. E. T. S. p. 214),

+a miser; Scot. <i>mochre</i>, <i>mokre</i>, to hoard.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muckle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Manure, long straw from the stable (<cite>Agric.

+of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) 'Muckle over,' to

+cover over tender plants with long straw in autumn, to

+protect them from frost.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muddle-fuss</b>. A persistent meddler with other people's

+affairs.&mdash;N.W. (Steeple Ashton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Mudel over</b>. The same as <i>Muckle over</i>, q.v. (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+ch. vii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mud-up</b>. (1) To pamper and spoil a child.&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.) *(2) To bring up by hand (H.Wr.), as 'Mud the

+child up, dooke' (<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite>, 1814).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muggeroon</b>. A mushroom.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muggerum</b>. Part of the internal fat of a pig.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muggle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Confusion, muddle (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Here we be, ael in a muggle like.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 137.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) To live in a muddling, haphazard way.&mdash;N.W. Cf.:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Most on us 'ad a precious sight rather work for a faermer like the

+old measter, an' have our Saturday night reg'lar, than go muggling the

+best way we could, an' take our chance.'&mdash;<cite>Jonathan Merle</cite>, xxxvii. 412.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[108]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muggle-pin</b>. The pin in the centre of a want-trap.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mullin</b>. The headstall of a cart-horse: sometimes extended

+to the headstall and blinkers of a carriage horse.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mullock</b>. A heap of rubbish (A.B.), now applied to mine

+refuse in Australia.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mummock</b>. A shapeless confused mass. A clumsily-swaddled

+baby or badly-dressed woman would be 'aal in

+a mummock.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mum up</b>. To make much of, pamper, pet, and spoil. 'A

+granny-bred child's allus a-mummed up.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mun</b>. Used in addressing any person, as 'Doesn't thee knaw

+that, mun?' (A.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Must</b>. A game played by children: a small stone&mdash;'a meggy'&mdash;is

+placed on the top of a large one, and bowled at with

+other 'meggies,' of which each player has one.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muxen</b>. See <small>Mixen</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Nacker</b>. See <small>Knacker</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nail-passer</b>. A gimlet (A.). Kennett has <i>Nailsin</i> in a similar

+sense.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Here's the kay" ... holding up a small gimlet. "Whoy, thuck

+ben't a kay ... that's nothing but a nail-passer."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 44.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nails</b>. <i>Bellis perennis</i>, L., Daisy.&mdash;S.W. (Mere.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Naked Boys</b>. <i>Colchicum autumnale</i>, L., Meadow Saffron, the

+flowers and leaves of which do not appear together (Aubrey,

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 51, ed. Brit.). <i>Naked Lady</i> in Cornw.,

+Yks., &amp;c., and <i>Naked Virgins</i> in Chesh.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Huish,

+Stockton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Naked Nanny</b>. <i>Colchicum autumnale</i>, L., Meadow Saffron.

+See <small>Naked Boys</small>.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nammet</b>. See <small>Nummet</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>'Nan</b>. What do you say? (A.B.C.). See <small>Anan</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nanny-fodger</b>, or <b>Nunny-fudger</b>. (1) A meddlesome

+prying person.&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>Troglodytes vulgaris</i>, the Wren.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[109]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Narration</b>. Fuss, commotion. 'He do allus make such

+a narration about anythin'.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nash</b>, <b>Naish</b>, <b>Nesh</b>. (1) Tender, delicate, chilly

+(A.B.H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Tender and juicy: applied to

+lettuces.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nation</b>, <b>Nashun</b>, &amp;c. Very, extremely, as <i>nation dark</i>

+(A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nation-grass</b>. <i>Aira caespitosa</i>, L., perhaps an abbreviation of

+Carnation-grass.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Natomy</b>, <b>Notamy</b>, <b>Notamize</b>, &amp;c. A very thin person or

+animal, an anatomy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Naumpey</b>. A weak foolish-minded person.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Navigator</b>. A drain-maker's spade, with a stout narrow

+gouge-like blade (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. xi), more usually

+known as a <small>Graft</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neal</b>, <b>Nealded</b>. See <small>Anneal</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neck-headland</b>. 'To fall neck-headland,' i.e. headlong.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neet</b>. See <small>Nit</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neoust of a neoustness</b>. Nearly alike (A.). See <small>Aneoust</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nesh</b>. See <small>Nash</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nessel-tripe</b>, <b>Nessel-trip</b>, <b>Nussel-trip</b>. The smallest and

+weakest pig in a litter. Commonly used in the Deverills,

+and elsewhere.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nettle-creeper</b>. Applied generally in Wilts to the following

+three birds:&mdash;(1) <i>Curruca cinerea</i>, Common Whitethroat,

+(2) <i>C. sylvatica</i>, Lesser Whitethroat, and (3) <i>C.

+hortensis</i>, Garden Warbler (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, pp. 159-161).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neust</b>. See <small>Aneoust</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neust alike</b>. Nearly alike.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neust of a neustness</b>. See <small>Aneoust</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[110]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Never-the-near</b>. To no purpose, uselessly. 'I cwourted

+she ten year, but there, 'twer aal niver-the-near.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Next akin to nothing</b>. Very little indeed. 'There's next

+akin to nothen left in the barrel.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nibs</b>. The handles of a scythe (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Niche</b>. See <small>Knitch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nightcaps</b>. (1) <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Aquilegia vulgaris</i>, L., the garden Columbine.&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes, Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Night-fall</b>. <i>n.</i> A disease in horses. A humour in the fetlock

+joint, recurring until it produces incurable lameness.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Witness ... told him his animal was very lame, and asked what

+was the matter with it. He replied, "Nothing, it is only 'night-fall,'

+and it comes on several times during the year."'&mdash;<cite>Wilts County

+Mirror</cite>, Oct. 27, 1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nightingale</b>. <i>Stellaria Holostea</i>, L., Greater Stitchwort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hants bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Night Violet</b>. <i>Habenaria chlorantha</i>, Bab., Greater Butterfly

+Orchis (<cite>Sarum Dioc. Gazette</cite>).&mdash;N.W. (Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nine-holes</b>. A game played by children.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This is mentioned among the "illegal games" in the Castle Combe

+records.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. iii. p. 156.</p>

+

+<p>'1576. <i>Lusum illicitum vocatum</i> nyne holes.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Scrope's</span> <cite>History of Castle

+Combe</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nineter</b>. (1) 'A nineter young rascal,' a regular scamp.

+Not perverted from <i>anoint</i> (as if it meant set apart to evil

+courses and an evil end), but from Fr. <i>anoient�</i>, <i>an�anti</i>,

+brought to nothing, worthless (<cite>Folk-Etymology</cite>, p. 9).&mdash;N.W.

+(Seend.) *(2) A skinflint (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ninny-hammer</b>. A fool, a silly person.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>'Nint</b>. See <small>Anoint</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>'Ninting</b> (<i>i</i> long). A beating. See <small>Anoint</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nipper</b>. A small boy (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nippers</b>. The same as <small>Grab-hook</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nippy</b>. Stingy (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[111]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nistn't</b>. Need not.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thee nistn't hoopy at I&mdash;I can hyar as well as thee.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne

+Farm</cite>, ch. iii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nit, Neet</b>. Nor yet. Wrongly defined by Akerman, Slow,

+and others as <i>not yet</i>. 'I han't got no money nit no vittles.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nitch</b>. See <small>Knitch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nog</b>. A rough block or small log of wood.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nog-head</b>. A blockhead (S.). <small>Nug-head</small> in W. Somerset.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nolens volens</b>. Used in N. Wilts in various corrupted forms,

+as 'I be gwain, nolus-bolus,' in any case; 'vorus-norus,'

+rough, blustering; and 'snorus-vorus,' vehemently.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Noodle along</b>. To lounge aimlessly along, to move drowsily

+and heavily, as a very spiritless horse.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>*Noon-naw</b>. A stupid fellow, a 'know-naught' (<cite>Great Estate</cite>,

+ch. iv).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nor, Nur</b>. Than; as 'better nur that' (B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Not-cow</b>. A cow without horns (A.). A.S. <i>hnot</i>, clipped,

+shorn.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Noust</b>. See <small>Aneoust</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nummet</b>. The 'noon-meat' or noon-day meal (A.). <small>Nammet</small>

+in S. Wilts.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Numpinole</b>. The Pimpernel.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nuncheon, Nunchin</b>. The noon-meal (A.S.). <small>Nunch</small> (<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 117).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nunchin-bag</b>. The little bag in which ploughmen carry their

+meals (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nunny-fudging</b>. Nonsense. 'That's all nunny-fudgen.'&mdash;N.W.,

+now nearly obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nunny-fudgy</b>. 'A nunny-fudgy chap,' a poor sort of a fellow

+with no go in him: now used only by old people.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nur</b>. See <small>Nor</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>*Nurk</b>. The worst pig of a litter. See <small>Rinnick</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nurly</b>. Of soil: lying in lumps.&mdash;S.W. (Bratton.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[112]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nut</b>. The nave of a wheel (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nyst, Niest</b>. Often used in Mid Wilts in same way as <i>neust</i>,

+as 'I be nyst done up,' i.e. over tired.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nythe</b>. A brood, as 'a nythe o' pheasants'; always used by

+gamekeepers.&mdash;N.W. Apparently a form of Fr. <i>nid</i>, a nest.

+In the New Forest they say 'an <i>eye</i> of pheasants.' See

+Cope's <cite>Hampshire Glossary</cite> (s.v. <i>Nye</i>).</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Oak-tree loam or clay</b>. The Kimmeridge Clay (Britton's

+<cite>Beauties</cite>, 1825, vol. iii., also Davis's <cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 113, &amp;c.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oat-hulls</b> (pronounced Wut-hulls). Oat chaff and refuse.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oaves</b>. (1) Oat chaff.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Huish, &amp;c.) (2) The

+eaves of a house (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A good old form. Mid. Eng. <i>ovese</i> (<cite>Old Eng. Miscell.</cite>, E. E. T. S.

+p. 15, l. 465),=O. H. Germ, <i>opasa</i> (<cite>Vocab. of S. Gall</cite>).'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Odds</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To alter, change, set right. 'I'll soon odds

+that' (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 112).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> Difference. 'That don't make no odds to I.' 'What's

+the odds to thee?' what does it matter to you?&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oddses</b>. Odds and ends.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oddy</b>. (1) See <small>Huddy</small>. (2) Strong, vigorous, in hearty

+health.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Of</b>. With. 'You just come along o' I!'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Offer</b>. 'To offer to do a thing,' to make as though you were

+going to do it, or to begin to do it. 'He offered to hit I,'

+i.e. did not <em>say</em> he would, but just put up his fists and let

+out.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Old man</b>. (1) <i>Artemisia Abrotanum</i>, L., Southernwood.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Anagallis arvensis</i>, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Old man's beard</b>. (1) <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy,

+when in fruit.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) The mossy galls on the

+dog-rose.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Old Sow</b>. <i>Melilotus coerulea</i>, L., from its peculiar odour

+(<cite>Science Gossip</cite>, Nov. 1868).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W., rarely.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Old woman's bonnet</b>. <i>Geum rivale</i>, Water Avens.&mdash;S.W.

+(Mere.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Old woman's pincushion</b>. <i>Orchis maculata</i>, L., Spotted Orchis.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ollit</b>. See <small>Elet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>On</b>. (1) =<i>in</i>, prep., as 'I run agen un on th' street' (A.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) =<i>in</i>, prefix, as <i>ondacent</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(3) =<i>im</i>, prefix, as <i>onpossible</i> (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (4) =<i>un</i>,

+prefix, as <i>ongainly</i> (B.). <i>Onlight</i>, to alight.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(5) =<i>of</i>, as 'I never did thenk much on 'en.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(6) =<i>by</i>, as 'He come on a mistake.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Once</b>. (1) Some time or other (M.). 'Once before ten

+o'clock,' some time or other before ten.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Send it once this morning, dooke.'&mdash;<cite>Monthly Mag.</cite> 1814.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) 'I don't once (=for one moment) think as you'll catch

+un.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oo</b>. Such words as <i>hood</i>, wood, <i>want</i>, a mole, <i>wonder</i>, &amp;c., are

+usually pronounced in N. Wilts as <i>'ood</i>, <i>'oont</i>, <i>'oonder</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Organy</b>. (1) <i>Mentha Pulegium</i>, L., Pennyroyal (A.B.).

+(2) <i>Origanum vulgare</i>, L., Marjoram (<cite>English Plant Names</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Otherguise</b>. Otherwise.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Out-axed</b>. Of a couple, having had their banns fully asked,

+or called for the last time (<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 100). The banns

+are then <i>out</i>, and the couple <i>out-axed</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oven-cake</b>. Half a loaf, baked at the oven's mouth.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Oven-lug</b>. The pole used as a poker in an oven. See <small>Lug</small> (2).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Over-get</b>. To overtake, to catch up.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Overlayer</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The waggons ... seldom have any overlayers or out-riggers, either

+at the ends or sides.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xxxviii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Overlook</b>. To bewitch. Rare in Wilts, common in Dev. and

+Som.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Over-right</b>, <b>Vorright</b>. Opposite to.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[114]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Owl about</b>. To moon about out of doors in the dark.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Owling</b>. The same as <small>Griggling</small>, q.v.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Howlers. Boys who in former times went round wassailing the

+orchards.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Parish</span>, <cite>Sussex Glossary</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'The wenches with their wassail bowls<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">About the streets are singing;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">The boys are come to catch the owls.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">G. Wither.</span><br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Owl-catchers</b>. Gloves of stout leather (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>,

+ch. xi).</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Pack-rag Day</b>. October 11, Old Michaelmas Day, when people

+change house. Also used in Suffolk.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Paint-brushes</b>. <i>Eleocharis palustris</i>, Br.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton

+All Saints.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Palm-tree</b>. The Willow. <small>Palms.</small> Its catkins.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pamper</b>. To mess about, to spoil a thing.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pancherd</b>. See <small>Panshard</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pank</b>. To pant (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Panshard</b>, <b>Ponshard</b>, <b>Pancherd</b>. (1) A potshard: a broken

+bit of crockery (A.B.S.).&mdash;N.W. (2) 'In a panshard,' out

+of temper, in a rage.&mdash;S.W. Also used in the New Forest.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pantony</b>. A cottager's pantry (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii.

+p. 112). Compare <i>Entony</i>, an entry: Berks. There are

+many slight variants, as <small>Panterny</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Paper Beech</b>. <i>Betula alba</i>, L.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Parasol</b>. <i>Sanguisorba officinalis</i>, L., Salad Burnet.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Parson</b>. In carting dung about the fields, the heaps are shot

+down in lines, and are all of much the same size. Sometimes,

+however, the cart tips up a little too much, with the result

+that the whole cartload is shot out into a large heap. This

+is known as a 'Parson.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Parters</b>. Pieces of wood in a waggon which join the dripple

+to the bed. See <small>Waggon</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[115]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Passover</b>. 'A bit of a passover,' a mere passing shower.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Payze</b>. To raise with a lever (B.). Norman French <i>peiser</i>, cp.

+Fr. <i>poiser</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peace-and-Plenty</b>. A kind of small double white garden

+Saxifrage.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peakid</b>, <b>Peaky</b>, <b>Picked</b>, <b>Picky</b>. Wan or sickly-looking.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pearl-blind</b>. See <small>Purley</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peart</b>. (1) Impertinent (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) In good

+health. 'How be 'ee?' 'Aw, pretty peart, thank'ee.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (3) Clever, quick, intelligent.&mdash;S.W.

+(4) Stinging, sharp, as a blister.&mdash;S.W. (5) Lively.

+'Her's as peart as ar' a bird, that's what her is!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peck</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A pickaxe.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To use

+a pickaxe.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> Of a horse, to trip or

+stumble: also <small>Peck-down</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Captain Middleton's horse "pecked"&mdash;it is presumed through

+putting its foot in a hole&mdash;and threw the rider.'&mdash;<cite>Daily Telegraph</cite>,

+April 11, 1892.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pecker</b>. <i>n.</i> The nose (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pecky</b>. Inclined to stumble. 'Th'old hoss goes terr'ble

+pecky.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peel</b>. (1) A lace-making pillow (A.B.). A little 'Peel

+lace' is still made about Malmesbury. A.S. <i>pile</i>.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) The pillow over the axle of a waggon (D.). See <small>Waggon</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) The pole, with a flat board at end, for

+putting bread into the oven.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peggles</b>. See <small>Pig-all</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pelt</b>. Rage, passion (A.S.). 'A come in, in such a pelt.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. The word occurs in this sense in some old plays.

+Herrick alludes in <cite>Oberon's Palace</cite> to 'the stings of peltish

+wasps,' and Topsell uses 'pelting' for angry or passionate.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'You zims 'mazin afeert to zee your gran'fer in a pelt! 'Ten't often

+as I loses my temper, but I've a-lost 'un now.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[116]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Penny</b> (or <b>Perry</b>) <b>moucher</b>. A corruption of <small>Berry-moucher</small>, q.v.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Perkins</b>. The same as <small>Ciderkin</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Perk up</b>. To get better, to brighten up.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Perseen</b>. <i>v.</i> To pretend to (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'There's Jack White a comin'; I wun't perseen ta know un.'&mdash;<cite>Mr.

+Slow.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peter grievous</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A dismal person, or one who looks

+much aggrieved. <small>Pity grievous</small> at Clyffe Pypard, and <small>Peter

+grievous</small> at Salisbury.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I'll tell you summat as 'll make 'ee look a pater grievous!'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>,

+ch. xv.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>adj.</i> Dismal-looking. 'He be a peter-grievious-looking

+sort of a chap.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Peter-man</b>. See Jackson's <cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 11.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'At Kington Langley ... the revel of the village was kept on the

+Sunday following St. Peter's Day (29th June), on which occasions a

+temporary officer called "the Peter-man" used to be appointed, bearing

+the office, it may be presumed, of master of the sports.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> vol. xxiv. p. 83.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peth</b>. The crumb of bread.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pethy</b>. Crumby, as 'a pethy loaf.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pick</b>. (1) A hay-making fork (A.B.D.), a stable-fork (D.).

+<i>Pick</i>=pitch, as in <i>pitch-fork</i> (Skeat).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) The

+fruit of the sloe.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Picked</b> (two syll.). (1) Sharp-pointed. <small>Piggid</small> on Som.

+bord. 'Thuck there prong yun't picked enough.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) Looking ill (S.). With features sharpened by ill-health.

+See <small>Peakid</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pickpocket</b>. <i>Capsella Bursa-pastoris</i>, L., Shepherd's Purse.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (Enford, Mere, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Picky</b>. See <small>Peakid</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pie-curr</b>. <i>Fuligula cristata</i>, Tufted Duck (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 190).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-all</b>, <b>Pig-haw</b>. Fruit of the hawthorn (A.). <small>Peggles</small>

+(Jefferies, <cite>Marlborough Forest</cite>, &amp;c.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[117]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-berry</b>. Fruit of the hawthorn (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pigeon-pair</b>. When a woman has only two children, a boy

+and a girl, they are called a 'pigeon pair.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'So in N. Eng. "a dow's cleckin" (a dove's clutch) is used for two

+children.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Piggid</b>. See <small>Picked</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-haw</b>. See <small>Pig-all</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-meat</b>. The flesh of the pig in Wilts is, if fresh, 'pig-meat.'

+It is never 'pork' unless the animal is specially

+killed as a 'little porker.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pig-muddle</b>. Disorder, mess.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-nut</b>. (1) <i>Bunium flexuosum</i>, With., The Earth-nut.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) The very similar root of <i>Carum Bulbocastanum</i>,

+Koch., Tuberous Caraway.&mdash;N.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-potatoes</b>. Small potatoes, usually boiled up for the pigs.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pigs</b>. (1) See <small>Boats</small>.&mdash;S.W. (Hants bord.) (2) Woodlice.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. Also <small>Guinea-pigs</small> and <small>Butchers' Guinea-pigs</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pig-weed</b>. <i>Symphytum officinale</i>, L., Comfrey.&mdash;N.W. (Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pillars</b>. See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pimrose</b>. A primrose. Also used in Hants.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pin-bone</b>. The hip bone; sometimes the hip itself.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pincushion</b>. (1) <i>Anthyllis vulneraria</i>, L., Kidney Vetch.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) <i>Scabiosa arvensis</i>, L., Field Scabious.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pinner</b>. A servant's or milker's apron; a child's pinafore

+being generally called <small>Pinney</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Next morn I missed three hens and an old cock,

+And off the hedge two pinners and a smock.'</p>

+

+<p class="signature"><span class="smcap">Gay</span>, <cite>The Shepherd's Week</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pinny-land</b>. Arable land where the chalk comes close to the

+surface, as opposed to the deeper clay land.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pins</b>. The hips. A cow with hips above its back is said to

+be 'high in the pins.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pip</b>. The bud of a flower (B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pish!</b> or <b>Pishty!</b> A call to a dog (A.). In co. Clare,

+Ireland, this is the order to a horse to stop.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pissabed</b>. <i>Leontodon Taraxacum</i>, L., Dandelion, from its

+diuretic effects.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pissing-candle</b>. The least candle in the pound, put in to

+make up the weight (Kennett's <cite>Paroch. Antiq.</cite>). Cp. Norman

+French <i>peiser</i>, to weigh.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pit</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A pond.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> The mound in which

+potatoes or mangolds are stored (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> 'To pit potatoes,' to throw them up in

+heaps or ridges, in field or garden, well covered over with

+straw and beaten earth, for keeping through the winter.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitch</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A steep place.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> 'A pitch of

+work,' as much of the water-meadows as the water supply

+will cover well at one time (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii).&mdash;S.W.

+(3) n. The quantity of hay, &amp;c., taken up by the fork each

+time in pitching (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(4) <i>v.</i> To load up wheat, &amp;c., pitching the sheaves with

+a fork (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (5) <i>v.</i> To fix hurdles, &amp;c., in

+place (<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. xxiii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (6) <i>v.</i> To settle

+down closely.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Give the meadows a thorough good soaking at first ... to make

+the land sink and pitch closely together.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(7) <i>v.</i> To lose flesh, waste away. Still in use in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The lambs "pitch and get stunted," and the best summer food

+will not recover them.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(8) <i>v.</i> To set out goods for sale in market. 'There wur

+a main lot o' cheese pitched s'marnin'.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(9) <i>v.</i> To pave with <small>Pitchin</small>, q.v.&mdash;N.W. (10) <i>v.</i> Of

+ground, to have an uneven surface. 'The ground this

+end o' the Leaze pitches uncommon bad.'&mdash;S.W. (Hants

+bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitched market</b>. A market where the corn is exposed for

+sale, not sold by sample (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[119]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitchin</b>. <i>n.</i> Paving is done with large flat stones, 'pitching'

+with small uneven ones set on edge (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitching-bar</b>. The iron bar used in pitching hurdles (<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. ii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitch-poll</b>. When rooks are flying round and round, playing

+and tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain), they

+are said to be 'playing pitch-poll'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pitch-up</b>. A short rest, as when a cart is going up a steep

+hill.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pit-hole</b>. The grave (S.). Used by children.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They lies, the two on 'em, the fourth and fifth i' the second row,

+for I dug pit-holes for 'em.'&mdash;<cite>The Story of Dick</cite>, ch. vi. p. 66.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pixy</b>. A kind of fairy. This is a Dev. and Som. word, but

+is said to be in use about Malmesbury.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plain</b>. Straightforward, unaffected, as 'a plain 'ooman.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plan</b>. 'In a poor plan,' unwell, in a poor way, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.

+(Seend.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Plank-stone</b>. A flag-stone.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This soyle (at Easton Piers) brings very good oakes and witch

+hazles; excellent planke stones.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span> <cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 236.</p>

+

+<p>'At Bowdon Parke, Ano 1666, the diggers found the bones of a man

+under a quarrie of planke stones.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. of Wilts</cite>, p. 71,

+ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Plash</b>, <b>Pleach</b>. To cut the upper branches of a hedge half

+through, and then bend and intertwine them with those left

+upright below, so as to make a strong low fence (A.). Also

+<small>Splash</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plat</b>. The plateau or plain of the downs.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pleach</b>. See <small>Plash</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pleachers</b>. Live boughs woven into a hedge in laying.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[120]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Plim</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To swell out (A.B.S.), as peas or wood when

+soaked in water.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> Many years ago,

+near Wootton Bassett, old Captain Goddard spoke to

+a farmer about a dangerous bull, which had just attacked

+a young man. The farmer's reply was:&mdash;'If a hadn't

+a bin a <i>plimmin'</i> an' <i>vertin'</i> wi' his stick&mdash;so fashion&mdash;(i.e.

+flourishing his stick about in the bull's face), the bull

+wouldn't ha' run at un.' No further explanation of these

+two words appears to be forthcoming at present.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plocks</b>. Large wood, or roots and stumps, sawn up into

+short lengths, and cleft for firewood (S.). <small>Plock-wood</small> (D.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plough</b>. A waggon and horses, or cart and horses together,

+make a plough (D.). See Kennett's <cite>Paroch. Antiq.</cite>&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The team of oxen that drew the plough came to be called the

+plough, and in some parts of South Wilts they still call even a waggon

+and horses a plough. This is needful for you to know, in case your

+man should some day tell you that the <i>plough</i> is gone for <i>coal</i>.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts.

+Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xvii. p. 303.</p></blockquote>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1690. Paid William Winckworth for Worke downe with his Plough

+to the causway.'&mdash;<cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, p. 237.</p>

+

+<p>'1709. Paid for 41 days worke with a ploughe carrying stones to

+the Causey.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> p. 239.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) For the various parts of the old wooden plough see as

+follows:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I should like to hear a Wiltshire boy who had been three years at

+plough or sheep fold, cross-examine one of Her Majesty's Inspectors

+of Schools, and ask him, in the article of a plough, to be so good as to

+explain the difference between the vore-shoot and back-shoot, the

+ground rest, the bread board, the drail, the wing and point, and the

+whippence.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xvii. p. 303.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ploughman</b>. A waggoner or carter.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1690. Paid for beere for the plowmen and pitchers.'&mdash;<cite>Records of

+Chippenham</cite>, p. 237.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ploughman's-weatherglass</b>. <i>Anagallis arvensis</i>, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plurals</b>. (1) The old termination in <i>en</i> is still much used,

+as <i>Housen</i>, <i>Hipsen</i>, &amp;c. See <small>En</small> (1). (2) Plurals in <i>es</i>

+are very commonly used, as <i>beastes</i>, <i>ghostes</i>, <i>nestes</i>, <i>postes</i>,

+<i>gutses</i>. Very often a reduplication takes place, as <i>beastises</i>,

+<i>ghostises</i>, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) Plurals are used sometimes

+instead of singulars. Examples:&mdash;'Nows and thens,'

+'You'll find un a little ways furder on,' &amp;c.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[121]</a></span></p>

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'These are rather an adverbial use of the genitive, like <i>always</i>, <i>now-a-days</i>,

+<i>needs</i>, <i>whiles</i>, etc.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(4) Plant-names are almost invariably used in the plural,

+even where only a single blossom is referred to, as 'What

+is that flower in your hand, Polly?' 'That's <i>Robins</i>,

+ma'am' (or <i>Cuckoos</i>, <i>Poppies</i>, <i>Nightcaps</i>, &amp;c., as the case may

+be).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Poach</b>. (1) Of cattle, to trample soft ground into slush

+and holes.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Of ground, to become

+swampy from much trampling (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xx).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Podge</b>. Anything very thick and sticky. Cf. <small>Stodge</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pog</b>. *(1) To thrust with the foot.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+*(2) To set beans.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Poison-berry</b>. (1) Fruit of <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) Fruit of <i>Tamus communis</i>, L., Black

+Bryony.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Poison-root</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L., Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pole-ring</b>. The ring which fastens the scythe-blade to the

+snead (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Polly</b>. A pollard tree.&mdash;S.W. A Wiltshire man, on being

+told by the hospital surgeon that his arms would have to be

+amputated, exclaimed, 'Be I to be shrowded like a owld

+polly?'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Polt</b>, <b>Powlt</b>. A blow (B.). A blow with a stick (A.). In

+Glouc. apples, walnuts, &amp;c., are beaten down with a

+'polting-lug,' or long pole.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ponshard</b>. See <small>Panshard</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pooch out</b>. (1) To project or stick out.&mdash;N.W. (2) To

+cause to project.&mdash;N.W. (3) 'To pooch out the lips,'

+to pout.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pook</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A small cock of hay, &amp;c. (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To put up in pooks (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[122]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pooker</b>. A woman employed in pooking.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pookers'-tea</b>. The yearly treat given to the pookers.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pooking-fork</b>. The large prong, with a cross handle, for

+pushing along in front of the pookers, to make up the hay

+into pooks.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pop-hole</b>. A rabbit-hole running right through a bank, as

+opposed to <small>Blind-hole</small> (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. vi). Any

+hole through a hedge, wall, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Popple-stone</b>. A pebble (S.). A.S. <i>papol</i>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Poppy</b>, or <b>Poppies</b>. (1) <i>Digitalis purpurea</i>, L., Foxglove,

+so called because children inflate and 'pop' the blossoms.

+<i>Papaver</i> is only known as 'Red-weed' by children about

+Salisbury.&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>Silene inflata</i>, L., Bladder Campion,

+also 'popped' by children.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.) *(3) <i>Stellaria

+Holostea</i>, L., Greater Stitchwort (<i>Sarum Diocesan Gazette</i>).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (Lyneham and Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Posy</b>. The garden Peony, from its size.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pot</b>, or <b>Put</b>. (The latter is the usual S. Wilts form.) *(1) A

+tub or barrel (D.).&mdash;Obsolete. (2) A two-wheeled cart,

+made to tilt up and shoot its load (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. Manure

+used formerly to be carried out to the fields in a pair of <i>pots</i>

+slung across a horse's back. When wheels came into general

+use the term was transferred to the cart used for the same

+purpose (D.). See <small>Dung-pot</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pot-dung</b>. Farmyard manure (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pots-and-Kettles</b>. Fruit of <i>Buxus sempervirens</i>, L., Box.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin, Deverill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pot-walloper</b> A 'pot-waller,' or person possessing a house

+with a 'pot-wall,' or kitchen fireplace for cooking. All such

+persons formerly had votes for the borough of Wootton

+Bassett. See <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxiii. p. 172.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Poult</b>. (1) 'A turkey poult,' a young turkey.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) 'A perfect poult,' an awkward girl.&mdash;S.W. (Warminster.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pounceful</b>. Masterful, self-willed. Cf. <small>Bounceful</small>. 'He

+preached pouncefully,' i.e. powerfully, forcibly.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[123]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Powder-monkey</b>. (1) Damp gunpowder, moulded into a

+'devil,' or cake which will smoulder slowly, used by boys

+for stupefying a wasp's nest. (2) Ash leaves with an even

+number of leaflets, worn by boys on the afternoon of May 29.

+See <small>Shitsack Day</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Power</b>. 'A power o' volk,' a number of people. A quantity

+of anything.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A's got a power of plaguy long spikes all auver's body.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 118.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Powlts</b>. (1) Peas and beans grown together.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) (2) See <small>Poult</small> and <small>Polt</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Poyn</b>. To pen sheep (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Prawch</b>. To stalk, to swagger. 'I see un come a prawchin'

+along up the coort.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Preterites</b>. A few specimens may be given, as <small>craup</small>, or <small>crope</small>,

+crept; <small>drowd</small>, threw; <small>flod</small>, flew; <small>fot</small>, <small>vot</small>, or <small>vaught</small>, fetched;

+<small>hod</small>, hid; <small>hut</small>, hit; <small>lod</small>, led; <small>obloge</small>, obliged; <small>raught</small>,

+reached; <small>scrope</small>, scraped; <small>slod</small>, slid; <small>woc</small>, awoke; <small>seed</small>,

+<small>seen</small>, saw.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pretty-money</b>. Coins, such as old George-and-dragon crowns,

+or new Jubilee pieces, given to a child to keep as curiosities,

+not to be spent.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pride</b>. (1) The ovary of a sow.&mdash;N.W. *(2) The mud

+lamprey (H.).</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<i>Petromyzon branchialis.</i> L., ... in the southern part of England is

+locally known as the Pride.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Seeley</span>, <cite>Fresh-water Fishes of Europe</cite>,

+p. 427.</p>

+

+<p>'Lumbrici ... are lyke to lampurnes, but they be muche lesse,

+and somewhat yeolowe, and are called in Wilshyre prides.'&mdash;<cite>Elyotes

+Dictionarie</cite>, 1559, quoted by Hal.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Primrose soldiers</b>. <i>Aquilegia vulgaris</i>, L., Garden Columbine.&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Prin</b> it. Take it (A.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Privet</b>, <b>Brivet</b>. 'To privet about,' pry into things. 'To privet

+out,' to ferret out anything. See <small>Brevet</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pronged</b>. A scythe-blade with a small flaw in the edge which

+may develop into a serious crack is said to be 'pronged.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[124]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pronouns</b>. <small>I</small>, <small>he</small>, and <small>she</small> do duty as accusatives, as 'He towld

+I, but I bean't a-goin' to do nothen for he.' <small>Her</small> and <small>us</small>

+are nominatives, as 'Her be a girt vule, that her be'; 'Us

+be at coal-cart s'marnin.' <small>Thee</small> is used for both thou and thy,

+as 'What's thee name?' 'What's thee'se want to knaw vor?'

+'Never thee mind.' <small>Hyn</small>, or more commonly <small>un</small>,=him, or it,

+as 'I seed un a-doing on't'; 'poor zowl on hyn!' This is

+the old <i>hime</i>, the accusative of <i>he</i>. <small>A</small>=he, as 'How a hackers

+an bivers!' <small>Thac</small>, <small>Thuck</small>, or <small>Thuck there</small>=that. <small>Themmin</small>=those.

+<small>Thic</small>, <small>Thissum</small>, <small>Thease</small>, <small>Thic here</small>, &amp;c.=this.

+<small>Theesum</small>, or <small>Theesum here</small>=these. Occasionally <small>Theesen</small>

+in S. Wilts. <small>Thick</small> and <small>Thuck</small> require some explanation.

+<small>Thuck</small> always=<i>that</i>, but is mainly a N. Wilts form, its

+place in S. Wilts being usually taken by <small>Thick</small>. <small>Thic</small> or

+<small>Thick</small> often=<i>this</i> in N. Wilts, but far more frequently=<i>that</i>,&mdash;in

+fact, the latter may probably now be taken as its normal

+meaning, although it would appear to have been otherwise

+formerly. In <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite>, for instance, it is stated that

+'The old terms <i>thic</i> and <i>thoc</i> almost constantly exclude the

+expressions This and That,' and similar statements are found

+in other authorities. In <small>Thick here</small> and <small>Thick there</small> the

+use of the adverb defines the meaning more precisely. As

+regards the neighbouring counties, it may be said that in

+Som. and Dors. <small>thick</small>=<i>that</i>; while in N. Hants it never

+does so (see Cope's <cite>Glossary</cite>), always there meaning <i>this</i>. It

+should be noted that the <i>th</i> is usually sounded <i>dth</i>, much as

+in Anglo-Saxon. <small>His'n</small>=his; <small>Hern</small>, or occasionally <small>Shis'n</small>,=hers;

+<small>Ourn</small>=ours; <small>Theirn</small>=theirs; <small>Yourn</small>=yours;

+<small>Whosen</small>=whose, as 'Whosen's hat's thuck thur?' <small>Mun</small>=them,

+is occasionally, but not often, used. <small>Arra</small>, <small>Arra one</small>,

+<small>Arn</small>, &amp;c.=any. Negatives, <small>Narra</small>, <small>Narra one</small>, <small>Narn</small>, &amp;c.

+'Hev 'ee got arra pipe, Bill?' 'No, I han't got narn.' In

+the Pewsey Yale <small>Ma</small> is occasionally used for <small>I</small>, in such

+phrases as 'I'll go we 'ee, shall ma?' or 'I don't stand so

+high as he, do ma?' About Malmesbury (and elsewhere in

+N. Wilts) the following forms may be noted:&mdash;<small>Wither</small>,

+other; <small>Theasamy</small>, these; <small>Themmy</small>, those; <small>Totherm</small> or

+<small>Tothermy</small>, the other.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[125]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Proof</b>. <i>n.</i> Of manure, hay, &amp;c., the strength or goodness.

+'The rain hev waished aal the proof out o' my hay.' 'That

+there muckle bain't done yet; the proof yun't gone out on't.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. A thriving tree is said to be in 'good proof.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Proofey</b>. Stimulating, fattening.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The Monkton pastures used to be of good note in Smithfield, from

+the very feel of the beasts. There are no more "proofey" fatting

+grounds in Wilts.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. vi. p. 29.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Proof maggot</b>. The larva of the gadfly, which causes warbles

+in cattle.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Proper</b>. 'Her's a proper beauty,' is extremely handsome.

+'He's a proper fool,' an utter idiot.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Proud</b>. When wheat is too rank and forward in winter, it is

+said to be 'winter-proud' (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pucker</b>. Perplexity, dilemma (S.) 'I be in a main pucker

+'bout what to do wi' they taters.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pucksey</b> (1) A quagmire. 'The roads wer aal in a pucksey,'

+i.e. very muddy. 'Out of the mucksey (=mixen) into the

+pucksey,' from bad to worse.&mdash;S.W. (2) Hence, a mess

+or muddle. 'What a pucksey the house be in!' i.e. a dirty

+untidy state.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pud</b>. The hand; a nursery word.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pud-beggar</b>, <b>Pudbaiger</b>. The Water Spider (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A very interesting word. M.E. <i>padde</i>, a toad, <i>paddock</i>, Dev. and East

+Anglia. M.E. <i>pode</i>, tadpole, Icelandic <i>padda</i>, used of any beetles or

+insects that inhabit stagnant water.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Puddle</b> or <b>Piddle about</b>. To potter about, doing little jobs

+of no great utility.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pue</b>. The udder of a cow or sheep (A.). Fr. <i>pis</i>, Lat.

+<i>pectus</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pug</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The pulp of apples which have been pressed for

+cider.&mdash;N.W. *(2) <i>v.</i> To eat (H.Wr.). *(3) To ear,

+plough, till (Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pummy</b>. <i>n.</i> A soft mass. 'To beat all to a pummy'; from

+<i>pomace</i>, the apple-pulp in cider-making.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[126]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Purdle</b>. To turn head over heels in a fall.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pure</b>. In good health. 'Quite purely,' quite well (A.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Purler</b>. A knock-down blow, a heavy fall.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'One of them beggars had come up behind, and swung his gun

+round, and fetched him a purler on the back of his head.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper

+at Home</cite>, ch. ix.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Purley</b>. Weak-sighted (A.H.Wr.). <small>Pearl blind</small> is sometimes

+similarly used.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pussy-cats</b>, <b>Pussies</b>, and <b>Pussies'-tails</b>. Catkins of willow

+and hazel, more commonly of willow only (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pussyvan</b>. See <small>Puzzivent</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pussy-willow</b>. <i>Salix.</i>&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Put</b>. See <small>Pot</small> (S.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Put about</b>. To vex, to worry. 'Now dwoan't 'ee go an' put

+yourself about wi't.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Puzzivent</b>. A flurry or taking. 'He put I in such a puzzivent.'

+Formerly used in both N. and S. Wilts, but now

+almost obsolete. Fr. <i>poursuivant</i>. According to a note in

+<cite>The Astonishing History of Troy Town</cite>, by 'Q,' ch. xvii, the

+phrase originated from the contempt with which the West-country

+sea-captains treated the poursuivants sent down by

+Edward IV to threaten his displeasure. Hence <i>pussivanting</i>,

+ineffective bustle, Dev. and Corn.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. <small>Pussyvan</small>

+(S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Puzzle-pound</b>. The game of <small>Madell</small>, q.v.&mdash;S.W. (Longbridge

+Deverill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pwine-end</b>. The whole gable-end of a house, which runs up

+to a sharp point or <i>pwine</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Quakers</b>. <i>Briza media</i>, L., Quaking-grass.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quamp</b>. Still, quiet (A.B.G.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quamped</b>, <b>Quomped</b>. Subdued, disappointed. See <small>Quamp</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quanked</b>. Overpowered by fatigue (A.). Compare <small>Cank</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[127]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quar</b>, <b>Quarr</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A stone-quarry (A.B.G.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To work as a quarryman (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quar-Martin</b>. <i>Hirundo riparia</i>, Sand-Martin, from its breeding

+in holes drilled in the face of sandy quarries (<cite>Wild Life</cite>,

+ch. ix).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quat</b>, <b>Qwot</b>, or <b>Qwatty</b>. (1) To crouch down (sometimes,

+but not always, remaining quite still), as a scared partridge

+(<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iii). To squat (A.); to sit (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) To flatten, to squash flat.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quavin-gog</b> or <b>Quaving-gog</b>.A quagmire (A.B.H.Wr.).

+See <small>Gog</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the valley below the hill on which Swindon is built, are some

+quagmires, called by the inhabitants quaving-gogs, which are considered

+of great depth, and are consequently shunned as places of

+danger.'&mdash;<cite>Beauties of Wilts</cite>, vol. iii. p. 8.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quean</b>.A woman.&mdash;N.W. (Castle Eaton.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The Saxon word <i>quean</i>, woman, is still used without any objectionable

+meaning, but its use is rare.'&mdash;<cite>Leisure Hour</cite>, Aug. 1893.</p>

+

+<p>'When a man says of his wife that "th' old quean" did so and so,

+he means no disrespect to her, any more than if he were speaking of

+his child as "the little wench."'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Miss E. Boyer-Brown.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Queed</b>, <b>Quid</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The cud. 'To chamme the queed'

+is given as a Wiltshire phrase in <cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033 (H.).&mdash;N.W.

+*(2) Quid. <i>v.</i> To suck (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Queen's-cushion</b>. A seat for a little girl, made by two persons

+crossing hands, and so carrying her between them. When

+a boy is so carried the term used is <small>King's-cushion</small>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quest</b>, <b>Quist</b>. The Woodpigeon, <i>Columba palumbus</i> (A.B.);

+<small>Quisty</small>. 'Thee bist a queer quist,' i.e. a strange sort of

+fellow.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The Wiltshire labourers invariably call it ... the "Quisty."'&mdash;<cite>Birds

+of Wilts</cite>, p. 318.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quid</b>. See <small>Queed</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quiddle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A fussy person; one hard to satisfy in

+trifling matters of diet, &amp;c.&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> To make a fuss

+over trifles (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[128]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quiet Neighbours</b>. <i>Centranthus ruber</i>, DC., Red Spur Valerian.&mdash;S.W.

+(Longbridge Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quiff</b>. A knack, a trick. 'Ther's a quiff about thuck old gate-latch.'&mdash;N.W.

+Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Mr. F. J. Kennedy, secretary of the Belfast Angling Association

+... "worked a quiff," to use a slang phrase, on a well-known Lagan

+poacher.'&mdash;<cite>Fishing Gazette</cite>, Aug. 20, 1892, p. 154.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quile</b>. A heap of hay ready for carrying. Fr. <i>cueiller</i>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quill</b>. The humour, mood, or vein for anything. 'I can work

+as well as or a man, when I be in the quill for 't.' To 'Quill

+a person' in the language in use at Winchester College is to

+please, or humour him. This is very near the Wilts use.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quilt</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To swallow (A.B.C.G.). 'The baby wur that

+bad, it couldn't quilt nothen.' This is used of swallowing

+in the natural way, while <i>glutch</i> is to swallow with difficulty

+(C.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A gulp, a mouthful of liquid. 'Have

+a quilt on't?' have a drop of it.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quinnet</b>. <i>n.</i> (1) A wedge, as the iron wedge fastening the

+ring of the scythe nibs in place, or the wooden wedge or

+cleat which secures the head of an axe or hammer.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) See <small>Scythe</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quirk</b>. To complain (A.B.G.); spelt Quisk by Akerman in

+error. To grunt (S.); to croak. A frog often quirks, and

+a toad sometimes.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quiset about</b>. To pry about (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 112).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quisk</b>. See <small>Quirk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quist</b>, <b>Quisty</b>. See <small>Quest</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quob</b>. (1) A soft wet place, a piece of marsh or bog.&mdash;N.W.

+Cp. W. of Eng. <i>quob</i>, a bog; <i>quob-mire</i>, Salop. (2) Hence

+'all in a quob,' said of a bad bruise.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quomped</b>. See <small>Quamped</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quop</b>. To throb (A.B.G.).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[129]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>R</b>. (1) In pronunciation <i>r</i> often has <i>d</i> or <i>t</i> affixed or prefixed,

+as <small>Cavaltry</small>, horsemen; <small>Crockerty</small>, crockery; <small>Millard</small>, miller,

+&amp;c. (2) See <small>Har</small>. (3) Transpositions frequently occur,

+as <i>cruds</i>, curds; <i>cruddle</i>, to curdle; <i>girn</i>, to grin; <i>girt</i>, great;

+<i>gird'l</i>, a great deal; <i>hirn</i>, to run.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rabbit-flower</b>. <i>Dielytra spectabilis</i>, DC., the flowers of which,

+when pulled apart, form two little pink rabbits.&mdash;S.W.,

+occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rabbits</b>. Blossoms of Snapdragon when pinched off the

+stem.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Race</b>. The heart, liver and lungs of a calf (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rack</b>. (1) A rude narrow path, like the track of a small

+animal (A.S.). See Gen. Pitt-Rivers' <cite>Excavations in

+Cranborne Chase</cite>, vol. i. ch. i. On Exmoor the wild deer

+always cross a wall or hedge at the same spot. The gap thus

+formed is called a 'rack.' See <cite>Red Deer</cite>, ch. iv. Also in

+W. Somerset.&mdash;S.W. (2) Apparently also sometimes

+used in the sense of a boundary.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Radical</b>. 'A young radical,' a regular young Turk, a troublesome

+young rascal. Also used in Somerset.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rafter</b>. To plough so as to leave a narrow strip of ground

+undisturbed, turning up a furrow on to it on each side,

+thus producing a succession of narrow ridges (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+ch. vii). See <small>Balk-ploughing</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rafty</b>, <b>Rasty</b>, <b>Rusty</b>. Of bacon, rancid (A.B.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rag-mag</b>. A ragged beggar, or woman all in tatters.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rail</b>. To crawl or creep about, to walk slowly (<cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 112). 'I be that weak I can't hardly

+rail about.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Raims</b>, <b>Reams</b>. A mere bag of bones, a very thin person.

+'He do look as thin as a raims.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Raimy</b>. Very thin.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ramp</b>. A curve (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ramping</b>. Tall, as 'a rampin' gel.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[130]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Randin</b>. Riotous living.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Randy</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A noisy merry-making (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(Malmesbury, etc.) (2) <i>n.</i> 'On the randy,' living in

+a riotous or immoral manner.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>adj.</i> A

+woman who used to be a regular attendant at all the tea-meetings

+and other gatherings of the kind in her neighbourhood

+in N. Wilts was usually spoken of as being 'a randy

+sort o' a 'ooman'&mdash;<i>randy</i> apparently being there applied to

+such gatherings.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Range</b>. Two drifts or rows of felled underwood (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rangle</b>. To twine round anything as a climbing plant does.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rank</b>, <b>Ronk</b>. (1) Audacious. 'Hands off! Thee bist a bit

+too ronk!'&mdash;N.W. (2) Outrageous, as applied to a fraud

+or a lie.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rannel</b>. <i>adj.</i> Ravenously hungry.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A man comes in rannel vor 's food, and plaguey little dacent vittles

+can a get.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rant</b>. (1) v. To tear.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'She "ranted" the bosom of her print dress.'&mdash;<cite>Field Play.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> A tear or rent.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rantipole</b>. <i>Daucus Carota</i>, L., Wild Carrot (<cite>English Plant

+Names</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rap</b>, <b>Wrap</b>. A thin strip of wood.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rapid</b>. 'A rapid pain,' 'rapid weather,' i.e. very violent.

+Always so used at Clyffe Pypard. So in W. Somerset.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This is a Latin use: cf. Virgil's <i>rapidus aestus</i> (Bucol. ii. 10) and

+<i>rapidus sol</i> (<cite>Georg.</cite> ii. 321)=strong, violent.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rare</b>. Underdone, but not raw. Reer (A.). Pronounced <i>Raa</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rash</b>. To burn in cooking (H.Wr.). Sometimes used of

+malt.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rasty</b>. See <small>Rafty</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rathe-ripes</b>. (1) An early kind of pea (B.). (2) An early

+kind of apple.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[131]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rattle-basket</b>. (1) <i>Rhinanthus Crista-galli</i>, L., Yellow

+Rattle.&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.) *(2) <i>Erica cinerea?</i> Heath. Heard

+only from one person.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rattle-thrush</b>. <i>Turdus viscivorus</i>, the Missel-thrush,

+occasionally extended to any very large Song-thrush.

+<small>Rassel-thrush</small> at Huish.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Salisbury, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rattle-weed</b>. <i>Silene inflata</i>, L., Bladder Campion.&mdash;N.W.

+(Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rave</b>. The ring of twisted hazel by which hurdles are fastened

+to their stakes or shores.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Raves</b>, <b>Reaves</b>. The waggon-rails (D.S.). At Clyffe Pypard

+applied to the flat woodwork projecting over the wheels

+from the side of the forward part of a waggon.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rawmouse, Raamouse</b>. The reremouse or bat; used at

+Tormarton, Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c. <small>Bat-mouse</small> is, however, in

+more general use. <small>Ryemouse</small> (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rawney</b>, <b>Rowney</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Thin, poor, and uneven, as

+applied to badly manufactured cloth (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>adj.</i> Of persons, extremely thin.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.),

+occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ray</b>, or <b>Array</b>. <i>v.</i> To dress and clean corn (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ray-sieve</b>. <i>n.</i> A sieve used to get the dust out of horses'

+chaff. <small>Rayen-sieve</small> on Dorset bord.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reams</b>. See <small>Raims</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reap-hook</b>. The 'rip-hook' is a short-handled hook without

+teeth, the blade bent beyond the square of the handle; used

+to cut to the hand a handful at a time (D.). The old

+reaping-sickle was toothed or serrated. See <small>Hal</small>. <i>s.v.</i> <small>Hook</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Red Bobby's eye</b>. <i>Geranium Robertianum</i>, L., Herb-Robert.&mdash;S.W.

+(Redlynch.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Red Fiery Bang-tail</b>. See <small>Bang-tail</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Red Robin Hood</b>. <i>Lychnis diurna</i>, Sibth., Red Campion.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Red-Robins</b>. <i>Lychnis diurna</i>, Sibth., Red Campion.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[132]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Red-weed</b>. Red Poppy (D.). The only name for <i>Papaver

+Rhoeas</i>, &amp;c., used about Salisbury and Warminster, <i>Digitalis</i>

+being the 'Poppy' of those parts. One of our oldest plant-names.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reed</b>. Unthreshed and unbroken straw reserved for thatching

+(S.). A Somerset and Devon word. 'Reed' is seldom

+used in Wilts, where ordinary threshed straw, made up into

+'elms,' is the common material.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reer</b>. See <small>Rare</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reeve</b>. To draw into wrinkles.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Remlet</b>. A remnant.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Reneeg</b>, <b>Renegue</b> (<i>g</i> always hard). To back out of an engagement,

+to jilt.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) In Ireland a horse

+refusing a fence would be said to <i>renage</i>. See Whyte-Melville's

+<cite>Satanella</cite>, ch. i. p. 7: <cite>Lear</cite>, ii. 2, &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Revel</b>. A pleasure fair; a parochial festival, a wake (A.B.), as

+'Road Revel.' A village Club Feast (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+There was a revel held at Cley Hill formerly, on Palm

+Sunday, and one at Kington Langley on the Sunday following

+St. Peter's Day.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rhaa</b>. Hungry, ravenous. See <small>Rhan</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+rarely.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rhan</b> (pronounced <i>Rhaan</i>). To eat voraciously (S.). A form

+of <i>raven</i>. Cf. West of Eng. <i>ranish</i>, ravenous.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rhine</b> (pronounced <i>Reen</i>). A water-course. This is a Som.

+word.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.) Mr. Powell mentions a Wiltshire

+poem, which begins:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'There once were a frog that lived in a ditch,

+Or 'twere may be a rheen, it don't matter which.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rick-barken</b>. A rick-yard (A.). See Barken.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rick-stick</b>. In thatching, after the 'elms' are fastened down

+with 'spicks' or 'spars' the thatch is then lightly combed

+over with the 'rick-stick,' a rod with a few teeth at one end

+and an iron point at the other by which it can be stuck into

+the thatch when not in actual use.&mdash;S.W. (Warminster.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[133]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Riddle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A coarse sieve (A.B.). Cp. A.S. <i>hridder</i>.

+See Rudder.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) v. To sift. 'Hev 'ee

+riddled they ashes well s'marnin'?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ridge-tie</b>. A back chain for shafts. <small>Wridgsty</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Riffle</b>. A knife-board on which 'callus-stone' is used (<cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 113).&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rig</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A horse which has not been 'clean cut,' i.e. is

+only half gelded, owing to one of its stones never having

+come down.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To climb up upon (S.), or

+bestride anything, either in sport or wantonness. 'To rig

+about' is commonly used in S. Wilts of children clambering

+about on wood-piles, walls, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rigget</b>. A woodlouse.&mdash;S.W. (Heytesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ring</b>. 'To ring bees,' to make a noise with poker and shovel

+when they swarm.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rinnick</b>. The smallest and worst pig of a litter. Sometimes

+abbreviated into <small>Nurk</small>. Cf. North of England <i>Rannack</i>,

+a worthless fellow.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Robin's eyes</b>. <i>Geranium Robertianum</i>, L., Herb Robert.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rock</b>. The 'fur' or calcareous deposit inside a kettle.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rocket</b>. 'Don your rocket,' put on your bonnet.&mdash;S.W.

+(Downton.) No doubt originally this meant a woman's

+dress or cloak (<i>rochet</i>), as in M.E., but it has long been

+transferred to the bonnet. In Devon <i>rochet</i> is still sometimes

+applied to female dress.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Roke</b>. Smoke.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rollers</b> (<i>o</i> short). (1) <i>n.</i> The long lines into which hay is

+raked before pooking.&mdash;S.W. (Warminster, &amp;c.) (2) <i>v.</i>

+Rolly. To put grass into rollers (<cite>Cycl. of Agric.</cite>).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rommelin</b>. Rank, overgrown (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ronk</b>. See <small>Rank</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rook Hawk</b>. <i>Falco subbuteo</i>, the Hobby (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 72).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[134]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ropey</b>. <i>adj.</i> (1) 'Rawpey bread,' a term applied to that

+peculiar condition of home-made bread, known only in dry

+summer weather, and caused by a kind of second fermentation,

+when the inside of the loaf appears full of minute

+threads, and has a disagreeable taste.&mdash;N.W. (2) Also

+applied to thick drink (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rough</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Unwell, as 'He bin terr'ble rough this

+fortnight.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'There, she was took rough as it might be uv a Monday, and afore

+Tuesday sundown she was gone, a-sufferin' awful.'&mdash;<cite>The Story of Dick</cite>,

+ch. viii. p. 85.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) 'To sleep rough,' or 'lay rough,' to sleep about out of

+doors like a vagabond.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To treat

+roughly, to ill-use. 'Thuck there hoss 'll kick 'ee, if so be

+as you do rough un.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rough Band</b>. A housset. See <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. i.

+p. 88.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rough-carpenter</b>. The same as <small>Hedge-carpenter</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rough Music</b>. The same as <i>Housset</i> and <i>Skimmenton</i>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Round-tail</b>. <i>v.</i> To clip the dirty locks of wool off the tail

+and legs of sheep, previously to shearing. Very commonly

+used in many parts of the county.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Round-tailings</b>. The locks so clipt, which are washed and

+dried, and usually sold at half-price.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rouse</b>. 'To catch and rouse,' see <small>Catch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rowet-grass</b>. The long rough grass in hedges, &amp;c., which

+cattle refuse; rowan or coarse aftergrass.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rowetty</b>. Of grass, coarse and rough.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Tangled dead ferns and rowetty stuff.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. ii.</p>

+

+<p>'That "rowetty" grass seen in the damp furrows of the meadows.'&mdash;<cite>Wild

+Life</cite>, ch. ii.</p>

+

+<p>'Our low meadowes is ... rowtie, foggie, and full of flags.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Harrison's</span>

+<cite>Description of Britain</cite>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rowey</b>. Rough (C.). See <small>Rowetty</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[135]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rowless-thing</b>. In the <cite>Diary</cite> of the Parliamentary Committee

+at Falstone House, S. Wilts, 1646-7, this curious phrase frequently

+occurs, apparently meaning waste and unprofitable

+land. It is once applied to a living. Several forms of it are

+used, as <i>Rowlass-thing</i>, <i>Rowlist-thing</i>, and <i>Rowless-thing</i>. See

+<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite>, Nov. 1892, pp. 343-391. We have been

+unable to trace the word elsewhere, so that it may possibly

+be of local origin.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'George Hascall is become tenant for a Rowlass thing called Dawes-Frowd,

+land of Lord Arundell and estated out to Mrs. Morley a recusant

+... John Selwood and Richard Hickes tenants unto Sir Giles

+Mompesson for his farm at Deptford and his Rowless-thing called

+Hurdles at Wiley.'&mdash;<cite>Diary</cite>, &amp;c.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Sir Fras. Dowse, of Wallop, is said to have been possessed

+of 'another <i>thing</i> called the Broyl [<i>Bruellii</i> = woods] of

+Collingbourne.' See 'Wiltshire Compounders,' <cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> vol. xxiv. p. 58. In the New Forest a 'rough' is a kind

+of enclosure.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Philips promised to feed the horse in a "rough" or enclosure ...

+which was well fenced in, but the bank foundered and the animal got

+out.'&mdash;<cite>Salisbury Journal</cite>, Aug. 5, 1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rowney</b>. See <small>Rawney</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rubble</b>. (1) In Wilts usually applied to the hard chalk

+used in making roadways through fields (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. ii),&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Rubbish (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rubbly</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of soil, loose from being full of broken bits of

+chalk (<cite>Agric. Survey</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rucksey</b>. Muddy, dirty, untidy, as applied to road, weather,

+or house.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rudder</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A sieve. A.S. <i>hridder</i>. See Riddle.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To sift.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rudderish</b>. Passionate, hasty (A.B.G.).&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rudge</b>. <i>n.</i> The space between two furrows in a ploughed field.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rumple</b>, <i>v.</i> To seduce. The full force of the word can only

+be given by <i>futuere</i>, as:&mdash;'He bin rumplin' that wench o'

+Bill's again laas' night.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[136]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rumpled-skein</b>. Anything in confusion; a disagreement

+(A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rumpum-Scrumpum</b>. <i>n.</i> A rude kind of musical instrument,

+made of a piece of board, with an old tin tied across it as

+a bridge, over which the strings are strained. It is played

+like a banjo, or sometimes with a sort of fiddle-bow.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rusty</b>. See <small>Rafty</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ryemouse</b>. The bat (A.B.). A form of Reremouse.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Saat</b>. 'Saat bread,' soft, sweet puddingy bread, which pulls

+apart in ropes or strings, made from 'grown-out' wheat.

+Cp. Halliwell (<small>s.v.</small> <i>Sad</i>): 'Sad bread, <i>panis gravis</i>, Coles.'

+See <small>Zaad-paul</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sails</b>. The upright rods of a hurdle (D.). <small>Hurdle-zailin'</small>,

+<i>sing</i>. (Clyffe Pypard).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sally-withy</b>. A willow (A.H.Wr.). A curious reduplication,

+both parts of the word having the same meaning in Anglo-Saxon.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sar</b>. (1) To serve (S.) or feed (<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 112). 'Sar the

+pegs, wull 'ee,' i.e. 'Give them their wash.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) ''Twon't sar a minute to do't,' will not take a minute.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Saturday's Pepper</b>. <i>Euphorbia Helioscopia</i>, L., Sun-spurge

+(<cite>English Plant Names</cite>). <small>Saturday-night's-pepper</small> (<cite>Village

+Miners</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sauf</b>. As if (S.). 'Looks sauf 'twur gwain to rain.'&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scallot</b>. Quarrymen's term for one of the upper beds of the

+Portland series&mdash;a fine white stone (Britton's <cite>Beauties of

+Wilts</cite>, vol. iii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scambling</b>. 'A scambling meal,' one taken in a rough and

+hurried way.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the <cite>Percy Household Book</cite>, 1511, "Scamlynge days" is of constant

+occurrence for <i>jours maigres</i>.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scat</b>. <i>v.</i> To whip, beat, smack, slap.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[137]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scaut</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To strain with the foot in supporting or

+pushing (A.); as at foot-ball, or in drawing a heavy load

+uphill; to stretch the legs out violently. <small>Scote</small> in S. Wilts.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Stick your heels in the ground, arch your spine, and drag with

+all your might at a rope, and then you would be said to "scaut."

+Horses going uphill, or straining to draw a heavily laden waggon

+through a mud hole "scaut" and tug.'&mdash;<cite>Village Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> The pole attached to the axle, and let down behind

+the wheel, to prevent the waggon from running back while

+ascending a hill (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>School-bell</b>. <i>Campanula rotundifolia</i>, L., Harebell.&mdash;N.W.

+(Enford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scoop</b>. (1) A shovel (D.).&mdash;N.W. (2) Allowance or

+start in a race, &amp;c. 'How much scoop be you a going to

+gie I?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Baverstock, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Alwaies dyd shroud and cut theyre fuel for that purpose along all

+the Raage on Brayden's syde alwaies taking as much Skoop from the

+hedge as a man could through [throw] a hatchet.'&mdash;<cite>Perambulation of the

+Great Park of Fasterne near Wootton Bassett</cite>, 1602.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">The original document is in the Devizes Museum.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scotch</b>. A chink, a narrow opening. The spaces between the

+boards in a floor are <i>scotches</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish,

+&amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scote</b>. See <small>Scaut</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Scottle</b>. To cut badly or raggedly (H.Wr.). 'Her did scottle

+the stuff so, that my new gownd's 'tirely spwiled.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scraamb</b>. 'To scraamb a thing down' is to reach up to it

+and pull it down violently (S.), in the manner thus described

+by Jefferies:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Suppose a bunch of ripe nuts high up and almost out of reach; by

+dint of pressing into the bushes, pulling at the bough, and straining

+on tiptoe, you may succeed in "scraambing" it down. "Scraambing,"

+or "scraambed," with a long accent on the aa, indicates the action of

+stretching and pulling downwards. Though somewhat similar in sound,

+it has no affinity with scramble: people scramble for things which

+have been thrown on the ground.'&mdash;<cite>Village Miners.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">It would not be used of such an action as scrambling

+about on rocks.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[138]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Scram</b>, <b>Skram</b>. Awkward, stiff as if benumbed.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scran</b>. *(1) A bag (A.H.Wr.) in which food is carried.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) Victuals (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scratch Cradle</b>. Cat's-cradle (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Screech</b>. (1) The Missel Thrush, <i>Turdus viscivorus</i> (A.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>Cypselus apus</i>, the Swift (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>, p. 309).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Screechetty</b>. <i>adj.</i> Creaky (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Screech Thrush</b>. The Missel Thrush, <i>Turdus viscivorus</i> (<cite>Birds

+of Wilts</cite>, p. 129).&mdash;S.W. (Sutton Benger.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Scricele</b>. To creak or squeak. See <small>Scruple</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Wroughton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scriggle</b>. To take the last apples. See <small>Griggles</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scroff</b>, <b>Scruff</b>. Fragments of chips (S.). The refuse of

+a wood-shed; ashes and rubbish for burning.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrouge</b>. To squeeze, press, or crowd any one (A.B.). 'Now

+dwoan't 'ee come a scrougin' on I zo!'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrow</b>. (1) Angry, surly (A.H.).&mdash;N.W. *(2) Sorry,

+vexed.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a caddle.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Tales</cite>, p. 137.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrump</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A very dried up bit of anything (S.), as

+toast or roast meat 'done all to a scrump' (<cite>Cottage Ideas</cite>).&mdash;N.

+&amp;. S.W. (2) Hence, sometimes applied to a shrivelled-up

+old man.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>v.</i> 'Don't scrump up your

+mouth like that!' i.e. squeeze it up in making a face.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (4) <i>v.</i> To crunch. A sibilated form of

+Crump.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrumpshing</b>. Rough play: used by boys (<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. ix).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrupet</b>. To creak or grate, as the ungreased wheel of

+a barrow (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Also Scroop, Scripet, Scrupetty,

+Scroopedee (S.), &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[139]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scruple</b>. To squeak or creak. 'When the leather gets old-like,

+he sort o' dries up, an' then he do scruple&mdash;he do

+scricele, Sir!' i.e. the saddle squeaks. Cf. <small>Scroop</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Wroughton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scuff about</b> or <b>along</b>. To drag one's feet awkwardly, as in

+too large slippers; to 'scuff up' the dust, as children do for

+amusement, by dragging a foot along the road.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scuffle</b>. An oven-swab.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scythe</b>. The various parts of the scythe are as follows in

+N. Wilts:&mdash;<small>Snead</small>, or <small>Snaith</small>, the pole; <small>Nibs</small>, the two

+handles; <small>Pole-ring</small>, the ring which secures the blade;

+Quinnets (1) the wedges which hold the rings of the nibs

+tight, *(2) the rings themselves (A.); <small>Crew</small>, the tang of the

+blade, secured by the pole-ring to the snead.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Seed-lip</b>. The box in which the sower carries his seed (D.)

+(<cite>Village Miners</cite>). A.S. <i>l�ap</i>, basket, Icel. <i>laupr</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+Misprinted <i>Seed-tip</i> in Davis.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Seer!</b> or <b>Sire!</b> 'I say, look here!' a very usual mode of

+opening a conversation when the parties are some distance

+apart.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Seg</b>, <b>Sig</b>. Urine.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Seg-cart</b>. The tub on wheels in which urine is collected

+from house to house for the use of the cloth mills.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sewent</b>, <b>Shewent</b>, <b>Suant</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Even, regular (A.B.C.S.),

+working smoothly. Formerly used all over the county, but

+now growing obsolete, although it is not infrequently heard

+still in S. Wilts. O.Fr. <i>suant</i>, pr. part. of <i>suivre</i>, to follow.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A Piece of Cloth is said to be&mdash;shewent&mdash;when it is evenly wove

+and not Rowey&mdash;it is also applied in other cases to denote a thing Level

+and even.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(2) Demure (C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'To Look Shewent, is to Look demure.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shab off</b>. To go off (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[140]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shackle</b>. (1) A hurdle wreath or tie (S.): a twisted band of

+straw, hay, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) 'All in a shackle,' loose,

+disjointed (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Devizes, Huish, Salisbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shaft-tide</b>, or <b>Shrift</b>. Shrovetide.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shaggle</b>. Of a bough, &amp;c., to shake.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shakers</b>. <i>Briza media</i>, L., Quaking-grass.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shally-gallee</b>. Poor, flimsy (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv). Compare

+<i>Spurgally</i>, wretched, poor, Dors.; and <i>Shally-wally</i>, a term of

+contempt in N. of England.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shame-faced Maiden</b>. <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, L., Wood Anemone

+(<cite>Sarum Dioc. Gazette</cite>).&mdash;S.W. (Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shammock</b>. To shamble or shuffle along hastily.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shandy</b>. A row about nothing (S.). Probably a form of

+<i>Shindy</i>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shape</b> (pronounced <i>shap</i>). To manage, arrange, attempt, try.

+'I'll shap to do 't,' try to do it. Compare the similar use of

+<i>frame</i> in some counties.&mdash;N.W. (Devizes.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shard</b>, <b>Shord</b>, <b>Sheard</b>. (1) A gap in a hedge (A.B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough th'

+geat.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 167.</p>

+

+<p>'1636. Itm. to Robert Eastmeade for mendinge a shard in Englands

+ijd.'&mdash;<cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, p. 207.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) A narrow passage between walls or houses; usually

+Shord.&mdash;S.W. (3) 'To put in a shard, or shord,' to bay

+back or turn the water in a meadow trench by a rough

+dam, such as a piece of wood or a few sods of turf.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">(4) 'A cow-shard,' a cow-clat.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shares</b>. The cross-bars of a harrow (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sharpish</b>. Considerable. 'I be eighty-vive to-year, an' 'tis

+a sharpish age.'&mdash;N.W. (Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sharps</b>. The shafts of a cart (A.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shaul</b>. v. To shell nuts. Compare <i>Shalus</i>, husks (<cite>Chron. Vilod.</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[141]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sheening</b>. Thrashing by machinery (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sheep</b>. See <cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, p. 260; also quotation below.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the article of sheep what strange nomenclature! Besides the

+intelligible names of ram, ewe, and lamb, we have wether hogs, and

+chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram tegs, and theaves, and two-tooths,

+and four-tooths, and six-tooths. So strange is the confusion that the

+word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog

+bull, a chilver hog sheep. "Chilver" is a good Anglo-Saxon word,

+"cylfer" [this should be "cilfer"] ... a chilver hog sheep simply

+means, in the dialect of the Vale of Warminster, a female lamb a year

+old.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xvii. p. 303.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sheep-bed</b> (<i>Ship-bed</i>). When a labourer had drunk too much,

+he would 'take a ship-bed,' i.e. lie down like a sheep to sleep

+in a grass-field, till he was sober.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sheep's-cage</b>. The same as <small>Lamb's-cage</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sheep-sleight</b>. See Sleight (D.). Common in Wilts (Jackson's

+<cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 10).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sheer</b>. Sharp, cutting. 'Uncommon sheer air s'marnin',

+yunnit?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shekel</b>. (1) The old reaping sickle, now quite superseded

+by the vagging-hook. The first <i>e</i> is long. An old labourer,

+on being asked how he used to sharpen his ancient reaping-sickle,

+said, 'I did allus use to car' a grab [crab-apple] wi' me,

+an' draa my shekel droo un,' the acid biting like aquafortis

+into the curiously serrated edge of the steel, and renewing it

+without injury. Farm-lads still sharpen their knives thus.

+See <cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. v; also <cite>Summer in Somerset</cite>.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete. (2) The fork in which 'elms' are carried up

+to the thatcher.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shepherds'-crowns</b>. Fossil <i>Echini</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shepherds'-pedler</b>. <i>Capsella Bursa-pastoris</i>, L., Shepherds'

+purse.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shepherds'-Thyme</b>. <i>Polygala calcarea</i>, Sch., Chalk Milkwort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury, Bishopstone, Little Langford, &amp;c.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shepherds'-weatherglass</b>. <i>Anagallis arvensis</i>, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shewent</b>. See <small>Sewent</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[142]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shick-shack</b>. See <small>Shitsack</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shim</b>. It seems. 'He's a fine fellow, shim' (A.B.C.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'This word is rather of Glocestershire, but it is nevertheless in use

+on the North Border of Wilts.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shimmy</b>. <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed. Reported

+to us as 'Chemise.'&mdash;S.W. (Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shirp</b>, or <b>Shrip</b>. (1) 'To shirp off,' to shred or cut off a little

+of anything.&mdash;S.W. (2) 'To shrip up,' to shroud up the

+lower boughs of roadside trees, to cut off the side twigs of

+a hedge or bush.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shirt-buttons</b>. Flowers of <i>Stellaria Holostea</i>, Greater Stitchwort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shitabed</b>. <i>Leontodon Taraxacum</i>, L., Dandelion (H.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shitsack</b>, or <b>Shitzack</b>. An oak-apple (H.Wr.). Oak-apple

+and leaf (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shitsack, or Shick-shack Day</b>. King Charles' day, May 29.

+The children carry <small>Shitsack</small>, sprigs of young oak, in the

+morning, and <small>Powder-monkey</small>, or <small>Even-Ash</small>, ash-leaves with

+an equal number of leaflets, in the afternoon. See <cite>Wild Life</cite>,

+ch. v.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shivery-bivery</b>. All in a shake with cold or fright.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shog</b>. To sift ashes, &amp;c., by shaking the sieve.&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes, Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shog off</b>. To decamp in a hurried, stealthy, or cowardly

+manner (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shoot</b>, <b>Shute</b>. (1) A young female pig of three or four

+months old (D.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>Fore-shoot and Backward-shoot</i>,

+the pieces of wood immediately behind the coulter of

+a plough (D.). (3) A precipitous descent in a road;

+a steep narrow path.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shord</b>. See <small>Shard</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shore</b>. <i>n.</i> The edge of a ditch on the meadow side (<cite>Wild

+Life</cite>, ch. xviii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A Mearstone lyinge within the Shoore of the Dyche.'&mdash;Perambulation

+of the Great Park of Fasterne, 1602.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[143]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shot</b>, or <b>Shut of, to be</b>. To rid one's self of a thing. 'Her

+can't get shut o' thuck there vool of a bwoy.'-N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shoulder, to put out the</b>. At Clyffe Pypard and Hilmarton

+it is customary to ask a man whose banns have been

+published once, 'How his shoulder is?'&mdash;because you have

+heard that it has been 'put out o' one side,' owing to his

+having 'vallen plump out o' the pulput laas' Zunday.' Next

+Sunday will 'put'n straight agean.' This implies that the

+banns were formerly published from the pulpit.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Showl</b>. A shovel (A.B.D.); occasionally a spade (D.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrammed</b>. Chilled to the bone, benumbed, perished with

+cold (A.B.M.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I was half-shrammed (i.e. perished with cold) on the downs.&mdash;<cite>Monthly

+Mag.</cite> 1814.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrift</b>. See <small>Shaft-tide</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shrigging</b>. Hunting for apples (S.). See <small>Griggles</small> and

+<small>Scriggle</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrill</b>. To shudder. 'I never couldn't eat fat bacon&mdash;I do

+allus shrill at it.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrimps</b>. A particular kind of sweets.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrowd</b>. (1) To trim off the lower boughs of a tree (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) To cut a tree into a pollard. See Polly.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrub</b>. To rub along somehow, to manage to live after some

+sort of a fashion. 'I do shrub along middlin' well, when

+I bain't bad wi' the rheumatiz.' A sibilated form of <i>rub</i>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrump up</b>. To hunch up the shoulders. 'Don't shrump up

+your shoulders like that!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shucks</b>. Husks of oats, &amp;c.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shuffet</b>. To shuffle along hurriedly.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shurne</b>. <i>Cacare</i> (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033, f. 2), Cp. A.S. <i>scearn</i>,

+dung.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[144]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shut</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To join together; used of welding iron,

+splicing a rope, joining woodwork, laying turf, &amp;c.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> The point of junction, as where rick

+is built against rick.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>adj.</i> See <small>Shot</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shutleck</b>, <b>Shutlock</b> (S.). See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sibilated words</b>. These are somewhat common in Wilts, as

+<i>Snotch</i>, notch; <i>Spuddle</i>, puddle; <i>Scrunch</i>, crunch; <i>Spyzon</i>,

+poison; <i>Spicter</i>, picture.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sick</b>. 'Turnip-sick,' of land, exhausted as regards turnip-growing

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. i). 'Tater-sick,' &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sideland ground</b>. Sloping ground on a hillside.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sidelong</b>, <b>Sideling</b>. (1) With one side higher than the

+other (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi). 'I wur nigh upset, th' rwoad wur

+that sideling.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) Sitting <i>sidelong</i>, i.e. with

+the side towards the spectator (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. ii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sig</b>. See <small>Seg</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sight</b>. A quantity, as 'a sight o' vawk,' 'a main sight o' rain.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sil</b>. Seldom. 'Sowle-grove sil lew,' February is seldom

+warm (H.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Silgreen</b>. <i>Sempervivum tectorum</i>, L., Houseleek (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).

+A.S. <i>singr�ne</i>. See <small>Sungreen</small>&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sillow</b>, <b>Sullow</b>, or <b>Sul</b>. A kind of plough (D.). A.S. <i>sulh</i>.&mdash;S.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'<small>Sylla</small>, a plough, was used at Bratton within the memory of persons

+still living. <small>Sylla-foot</small>, or <small>Zilla-fut</small>, was a guiding piece of wood

+alongside of the share.'&mdash;Miss <span class="smcap">Waylen</span>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Silver-bells</b>. The double Guelder-rose of gardens.&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Silver-fern</b> or <b>Silver-grass</b>. <i>Potentilla Anserina</i>, L., which

+has fern-like silvery foliage.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sim</b>. <i>n.</i> A smell, as of burning wool or bone. 'That there

+meat hev got a main sim to 't.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Simbly</b>. To seem.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He've a bin and tuk dree bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll be

+whipped if a do zimbly a bit th' better var't.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 137.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[145]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Simily</b>. Apparently, as 'Simily 'tis a bird.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Simmin</b>. It seems. 'Simmin to I 'tis gwain' thic way.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sinful</b>. Excessively, as 'sinful ornary,' very ugly.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sinful-ordinary</b>. Plain to the last degree in looks.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I once knew a young gentleman in the Guards who was very

+ordinary-looking&mdash;what is called in Wiltshire "sinful ordinary."'&mdash;<cite>Illust.

+London News</cite>, March 23, 1889.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Singreen</b>. See <small>Sungreen</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skag, Skeg</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To tear obliquely.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A

+ragged or oblique tear in clothes, such as is made by a nail.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skeart</b>. To cause to glance off, as a pane of glass diverts shot

+striking it at an angle.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skeer</b>. (1) To skim lightly and quickly over a surface,

+barely touching it, as a ball does along ice.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+*(2) To mow summer-fed pastures lightly.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skeer-devil</b>, <b>Skir-devil</b>. <i>Cypselus apus</i>, the Common Swift.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skewer-wood</b>. <i>Euonymus Europaeus</i>, L., Spindle-tree.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skewy</b>, <b>Skeowy</b>. When the sky shows streaks of windy-looking

+cloud, and the weather seems doubtful, it is said to 'look

+skeowy.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) Compare:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+<p>'<i>Skew</i>: thick drizzle or driving mist.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jago's</span> <cite>Cornish Glossary</cite>.</p>

+</blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Skiel</b>. A cooler used in brewing beer (A.B.G.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skiffley</b>. Showery. Perhaps from O.E. <i>skyfte</i>, to change.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skillet</b>. A round pot to hang over the fire.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skillin</b>, <b>Skilling</b>. A pent-house (A.C.S.); an outhouse or cow-shed.

+A.S. <i>scyldan</i>, to protect; Old Germ. <i>schillen</i>, to cover

+(A.). <i>Skillion</i> is used in Australia for a small outhouse.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Skimmenton</b>, <b>Skimmenton-riding</b>. A serenade of rough music

+got up to express disapproval in cases of great scandal and

+immorality. The orthodox procedure in N. Wilts is as

+follows: the party assembles before the houses of the

+offenders, armed with tin pots and pans, and performs a

+serenade for three successive nights. Then after an interval

+of three nights the serenade is repeated for three more.

+Then another interval of the same duration and a third

+repetition of the rough music for three nights&mdash;nine nights

+in all. On the last night the effigies of the offenders are

+burnt. <small>Housset</small> is the same thing. The word and the

+custom have emigrated to America.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skimmer-cake</b>. A cake made of odd scraps of dough (S.). See

+<small>Skimmer-lad</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skimmer-lad</b>. A dunch-dumpling, or piece of dough put on

+a skimmer and held in the pot while boiling.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skippet</b>. The long-handled ladle used for filling a water-cart,

+emptying a hog-tub, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skipping-ropes</b>. Sprays of <i>Clematis Vitalba</i>, L., Traveller's Joy.&mdash;S.W.

+(Bishopstone.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skit</b>. A passing shower (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. i).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Skive</b>. To shave or slice (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 113).&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skram</b>. See <small>Scram</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skug, Sqwug</b>. A squirrel. 'I say, there's a skug! Let's

+have a cock-shot at him with your squailer.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slack</b>. Impudence, cheek (S.). 'I'll ha' none o' your slack!'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slammock</b>, <b>Slummock</b>. A slattern. <small>Slammick</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slan</b>. A sloe (A.). A.S. <i>sl�n</i>, pl. of <i>sl�</i>, sloe.&mdash;N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Those eyes o' yourn be as black as slans.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 81.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slang-up</b>, or <b>Slang-uppy</b>. Untidy, slatternly.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slat</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To split or crack (A.B.S.). 'Thuc plate's

+slat.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A crack. 'What a girt slat

+thur is in un.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (3) <i>n.</i> A slate (A.). 'Thur's

+a slat blowed off.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[147]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slay</b>. See <small>Sleight</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sleek</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Slippery. 'The rwoad's terrible sleek.'&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> Sleet.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sleight</b>, <b>Slay</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To pasture sheep on the downs (D.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> Sheep-sleight, a sheep-down (D.); a pasture

+good for sheep.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slent</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To tear (S.). 'I've a bin an' slent ma

+yeppurn.'&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A tear or rent in clothes.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slewed</b>, <b>Slewy</b>. Drunk (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Slickit</b>. (1) A long thin slice (not a curly shaving) of

+wood (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W. (Berks bord.) (2) 'A

+slickit of a girl,' a young undeveloped girl (<i>Ibid.</i>).&mdash;N.W.

+(Berks bord.) Cp. <i>Slacket</i>, slim, Cornw.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slide</b>. The cross-bar on the tail of the fore-carriage of a waggon.

+See Waggon.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slip</b>. To shed. Of a horse, to shed its coat.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slippetty-sloppetty</b>. Draggle-tailed, slovenly. 'I never

+zeed zich a slippetty-sloppetty wench in aal my barn days.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slire</b>. <i>v.</i> To look askance or out of the corners of your eye

+at anything.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Why should you suspect him?" "Aw, a' be a bad 'un; a' can't

+look 'ee straight in the face; a' sort of slyers [looks askance] at 'ee."'&mdash;<cite>Greene

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. ix.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Slize</b>. To look sly (A.B.H.Wr.). To look askance at any

+one.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slocks</b>. See <small>Slox</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slocks about</b>. To go about in an untidy slatternly way.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sloe</b>. In S. Wilts, about Salisbury, the large fruit is known

+as Sloes or Slues, and the small as Snags; in N. Wilts, at

+Huish, <small>Sl&#335;ns</small> are large and <small>Hedge-spe�ks</small> small, while at

+Clyffe Pypard the same terms are used, but the latter is

+not confined to the small fruit. At Cherhill <small>Hilps</small> and

+<small>Picks</small> are the names. <small>Slues</small> is used in both N. and S. Wilts,

+and <small>Sl&#335;ns</small> or <small>Sl&#259;ns</small> in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[148]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slommakin</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of females, untidy, slatternly (S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W. (Malmesbury, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sloop</b>. To change (A.H.Wr.). Perhaps a perversion of

+<i>slew</i>, or a misreading of <i>swop</i> in badly written MS.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slop about</b>. To shuffle about in a slipshod slovenly fashion.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sloppet</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> The same as Slop about.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He "sloppets" about in his waistcoat and shirt-sleeves.'&mdash;<cite>Hodge and

+his Masters</cite>, ch. xxiii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">*(2) <i>v.</i> Applied to a rabbit's peculiar gait, and the manner

+in which it wears away and covers with sand the grass near

+its bury (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. ii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slouse</b>. To splash about, as a horse or dog does in water.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sloven's year</b>. A wonderfully prosperous season, when even

+the bad farmer has good crops (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slox</b>, <b>Slocks</b>. To waste, to pilfer from employers (A.B.C.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slummock</b>. See <small>Slammock</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sly</b>. 'A sly day' looks bright and pleasant, but the air has

+a chill nip in it. 'Sly cold' is the treacherous kind of cold

+raw weather that was very prevalent during the influenza

+epidemic two or three years ago.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smaak</b>. <i>n.</i> 'Aal in a smaak,' quite rotten; used of potatoes.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smarm</b>. To bedaub. 'Don't smarm me aal auver wi' they

+dirty paws o' yourn.' <small>Smaam</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smart</b>. A second swarm of bees.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smart</b>, <b>Smartish</b>, <i>adj.</i> Considerable (H.), as 'a smartish lot

+o' vawk.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smeech</b>. Dust.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury, Hill Deverill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smeechy</b>. Dusty.&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Smicket</b>. A smock or shift (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Smother</b>. A weed and rubbish fire in a garden.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snag</b>, <b>Snaig</b>. (1) A badly shaped or decayed tooth; often

+used of a child's first teeth.&mdash;N.W. (2) Fruit of the sloe,

+q.v. (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Snag-bush</b>. <i>Prunus spinosa</i>, L., the Sloe (<cite>Miss Plues</cite>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snake-fern</b>. <i>Pteris aquilina</i>, L., Bracken.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snake-flower</b>. (1) <i>Verbascum nigrum</i>, L., Black Mullein.

+Children are cautioned not to gather it, because a snake may

+be hiding under the leaves.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) <i>Stellaria

+Holostea</i>, L., Greater Stitchwort.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Snake's-head</b>. <i>Potentilla Tormentilla</i>, Sibth., Tormentil.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals, Hill Deverill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Snake-skin Willow</b>. <i>Salix triandra</i>, L., so called because it

+sheds its bark (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. v).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Snake's-victuals</b>. <i>Arum maculatum</i>, L. Cuckoo-pint.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In August ... she found the arum stalks, left alone without leaves,

+surrounded with berries.... This noisome fruit ... was "snake's

+victuals," and ... only fit for reptile's food.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snap</b>. A trap, as <i>Mouse-snap</i>, <i>Wont-snap</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snaps, Snap-jacks</b>. <i>Stellaria Holostea</i>, L., Greater Stitchwort.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Snap-willow</b>. <i>Salix fragilis</i>, L., from its brittleness (<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. v).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snead</b>, <b>Snaith</b>. The pole of a scythe (A.). A.S. <i>sn&#509;d</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snig</b>. A small eel.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sniggle</b>. (1) To snigger.&mdash;S.W. (2) 'To sniggle up,' to

+toady or endeavour to ingratiate yourself with any one.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sniggling</b>. 'A sniggling frost,' a slight frost that just makes

+the grass crisp.&mdash;S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snig-pot</b>. An eel-trap.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snippy</b>. Mean, stingy.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snivett</b>. A newt. Perhaps a sibilated form of <i>Evet</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snop</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To hit smartly, as in chipping a stone.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A smart blow (S.), as 'A snop on

+the yead.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[150]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snotter-gall</b>. The yew-berry, probably from its slimy pulp.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snotty</b>. (1) 'A snotty frost,' a slight crisp rime frost.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Nasty, dirty, mean.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snowball-tree</b>. The double Guelder-rose. <small>Snowballs</small>, its

+blossoms.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snow-blunt</b>. A slight snowstorm.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. See <small>Blunk</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snow-in-harvest</b>, or <b>Snow-in-summer</b>. <i>Cerastium tomentosum</i>,

+L.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snowl</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A large piece of anything (S.). 'Gie

+I a good snowl o' bread, mother!'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. *(2) <i>n.</i>

+The head.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snow-on-the-mountains</b>. (1) <i>Saxifraga granulata</i>, L., White

+Meadow Saxifrage.&mdash;S.W. (2) White Cress.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snuff-rag</b>. A pocket-handkerchief (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Lockeridge,

+&amp;c.) Also used formerly at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sobbled</b>. Soddened, soaked with wet (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Soce</b>. Friends; addressed to the company generally, as 'Well,

+soce, an' how be ye all to-day?'&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+Very rarely heard in Wilts, but common in Dev. and Som.

+It is probably a relic of <i>Socii</i>, as used by monkish preachers.

+In the old ghost-story in Jefferies' <cite>Goddard Memoir</cite> (see

+Waylen's <cite>History of Marlborough</cite>, p. 555), the use of the

+word <i>soas</i> (there spelt <i>source</i>) by one of the characters is

+alluded to in such a way as to show that it was looked

+on as a curious peculiarity of his. See <cite>W. Somerset

+Words</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sod-apple</b>. <i>Epilobium hirsutum</i>, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb,

+from its smell when crushed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Willow herb ... country folk call it the sod-apple, and say the

+leaves crushed in the fingers have something of the scent of apple-pie.'&mdash;<cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. ii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Soft-tide</b>. The three days next before Lent (<cite>Wilts Arch.

+Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 113).&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sog</b>. Soft boggy ground (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Malmesbury, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[151]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sogging-wet</b>. Soaked.&mdash;N.&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Soldiers</b>. <i>Papaver Rhoeas</i>, &amp;c., Red Poppy.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Soldiers'-buttons</b>. <i>Arctium Lappa</i>, L., Burdock.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Soldiers-sailors-tinkers-tailors</b>. <i>Lolium perenne</i>, L.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Souse</b>. 'Pigs'-sousen,' pigs'-ears.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sow-flower</b>. <i>Sonchus oleraceus</i>, L., Sowthistle.&mdash;(Lyneham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sowle-grove</b>. February. (A.H.Wr.)&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The shepherds and vulgar people in South Wilts call Februarie

+"<i>sowlegrove</i>," and have this proverb of it:&mdash;"Soulgrove sil lew,"&mdash;February

+is seldome warme&mdash;sil <i>pro</i> seld, seldome.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey</span>, <cite>Anecdotes</cite>,

+Camden Society, cxlvii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spade</b>. The congealed gum of the eye (A.B.). Also <small>Spady</small> in

+N. Wilts. A.S. <i>sped</i>, phlegm.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Spances</b>. 'Raves or sides, spances, compose the waggon-bed'

+(D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spanky</b>. Showy, dashing (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spar</b>. In thatching, the 'elms' are fastened down with

+'spicks' or 'spars,' split hazel rods, pointed at both ends,

+and bent into hairpin shape, with a twist just at the bend

+to give them a tendency when fixed to spring outwards, and

+so hold faster.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sparked, Sparky</b>. Of cattle, mottled or of two colours (D.);

+pied, variegated (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 225).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'One of the earliest indictments on the roll of the Hilary Sessions

+[Wilts], 1603-4, tells of <i>quatuor vaccas quar' due color sparked et una alia

+coloris rubri et altera color browne</i>.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 225-6.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sparked-grass</b>. <i>Phalaris arundinacea</i>, L., Striped Ribbon-grass.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Spawl</b>. A chip or splinter from a stone.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spear</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A stalk of reed-grass (S.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> See

+<small>Spurl</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[152]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spend</b>. To turn out. 'How do your taters spend to-year?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spick</b>. (1) In thatching, the same as <small>Spar</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) Lavender. <small>Spick</small> (Som. bord.), and <small>Spike</small> (Hants

+bord.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spikenard</b>. (1) Lavender.&mdash;N.W., occasionally. (2) <i>Anthoxanthum

+odoratum</i>, L., Sweet Vernal-grass.&mdash;N.W.

+(Bromham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spill</b>. (1) The long straight stalk of a plant.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.) *(2) 'To run to spill,' to run to seed.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.) *(3) Hence, figuratively, to be unproductive.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury, occasionally.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spit, Spet</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'The very spit of his father,' his very

+image (<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 31). Cf. <i>Spit</i>, to lay eggs (<i>Skeat</i>). Just

+like (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> 'To spit up the ground,'

+to work the surface lightly over.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Splash</b>. Commoner form of <small>Plash</small>, q.v.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Split-fig</b>. A short-weight grocer (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sploach</b>. To splutter (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sprack</b>. (1) Lively, active (A.B.C.S.); also <small>Sprag</small> (B.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'That's a sprack mare o' yourn.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 68.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Intelligent, quick (A.C.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'He had picked up a few words and phrases with which he sometimes

+"bothered" his neighbours, who thought Jem "a mortal sprack

+chap"; but in truth he was a great fool.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 65.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sprank</b>. A sprinkling of anything. 'There be a good sprank

+o' fruit to-year.' Also used in Somerset.&mdash;N.W. (Mildenhall.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sprawing</b>. A sweetheart. This word is given for Wilts by

+Britton, Akerman, Halliwell, Wright, and others, but should

+be treated as a 'ghost-word,' and struck out of our glossaries.

+In <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite> it is written as <small>Sprawny</small>, q.v., but

+Britton when transcribing from that source would appear to

+have misread it as <i>Sprawing</i>, probably not being himself

+acquainted with the word, while Akerman and others must

+simply have taken it blindly on his authority.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[153]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sprawny</b>. A sweetheart (<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite>). A variant of

+<i>Sprunny</i>. See note on <small>Sprawing</small>. A male sweetheart in

+Glouc.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Whipped to some purpose will thy sprunny be.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Collins</span>,

+<cite>Miscellanies</cite>, 1762.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spreader</b>. The thin pole or bar which keeps the traces apart

+<cite>(Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 173).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Spreath</b>, <b>Spreeth</b>. Active, nimble, able (A.B.H.Wr.). 'He

+is a spreeth young fellow' (B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spreathed</b>. Of the skin, roughened or chapped by cold (B.S.)

+Spreazed (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spreyed</b>. Of the skin, roughened by cold, but not chapped.

+Spryed on Som. bord.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spring</b>. Of a cow, to show signs of calving.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spring-dag</b>. A chilblain. Cf. <i>Dag</i>, a twinge of pain.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spring-flower</b>. The garden Polyanthus.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spuddle</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To stir about (A.B.), to fuss about at doing

+trifles. 'He's allus a-spuddling about like, but there yen't

+nothen to show for 't ses I.'&mdash;N.W. (2) v. To make

+a mess (S.). A sibilated form of <i>puddle</i>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spudgel</b>. A wooden scoop (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spuds</b>. Potatoes (S.). Perhaps introduced by Irish harvesters.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Spur</b>. See <small>Spurl</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spurl</b>. To spread dung about the fields (S.). Also <small>Spear</small>,

+<small>Spur</small>, and <small>Spurdle</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Spurling-boards</b>. Boards set to prevent the corn from flying

+out of the threshing-floor (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spur-stone</b>. A projecting stone, set in the ground as a support

+to a post, or to protect anything near the roadway

+(<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. v).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Squab</b>. The youngest or weakest bird of a brood or pig of

+a litter (A.). The 'darling' of a litter.&mdash;N.W. (Lockeridge.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[154]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squail</b>, <b>Sqwoil</b>. (1) To throw (A.H.S.); used of sticks, not

+stones.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the orchard Bevis and Mark squailed at the pears with short

+sticks.'&mdash;<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. xvi.</p>

+

+<p>'They would like to squail a stick at his high and ancient hat.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i>

+ch. xvi.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>Fig.</i> To do a thing awkwardly (H.), as 'Her went up

+the street a squailing her arms about.'&mdash;N.W. *(3) Cock-squoilin,

+throwing at cocks at Shrovetide (A.).&mdash;Obsolete.

+Bird-squoilin, killing birds with stones (S.). (4) Of

+a candle, to gutter.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squailer</b>, <b>Squale</b>, <b>Squoile</b>. A stick or loaded cane, used by boys

+for throwing at apples, rabbits, squirrels, &amp;c.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The handle of a "squailer" projected from Orion's coat-pocket.

+For making a squailer a tea-cup was the best mould:... A ground ash

+sapling with the bark on, about as thick as the little finger, pliant

+and tough, formed the shaft, which was about fifteen inches long.

+This was held upright in the middle of a tea-cup, while the mould was

+filled with molten lead. It soon cooled, and left a heavy conical knob

+on the end of the stick. If rightly thrown it was a deadly missile,

+and would fly almost as true as a rifle ball. A rabbit or leveret could

+thus be knocked over; and it was peculiarly adapted for fetching

+a squirrel out of a tree, because, being so heavy at one end, it rarely

+lodged on the boughs, as an ordinary stick would, but overbalanced

+and came down.'&mdash;<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. iii.</p>

+

+<p>'The "squaler" came into use very early in the school's history,

+and was for years almost as much a part of the ordinary equipment

+of a Marlborough boy as a cricket-bat would now be. To later generations

+the very name probably conveys no meaning. The weapon itself

+was simple enough, though extremely formidable. It consisted of

+a piece of lead something the shape and about the size of a pear, with

+a cane handle about eighteen inches long. A squaler could be thrown

+a great distance and with terrific force, and at short ranges by the

+practised hands of the Marlburians of those days with great accuracy.

+Its ostensible purpose was squirrel-hunting, as the name suggests [No,

+it is not a contraction of "squirreller," but is from <i>squail</i>, to throw.&mdash;<i>G.E.D.</i>],

+but it came in handy for the larger quarry which the more

+adventurous tribes pursued and slew, such as rabbits, hares, and very

+frequently even deer. It lingered on as an article of local sale till the

+middle of the sixties; but ... was made contraband, and finally died

+out.'&mdash;<cite>History of Marlborough College</cite>, ch. ix. p. 94.</p>

+

+<p>'To make a squailer you provide yourself with an eighteen-inch<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[155]</a></span>

+length of half-inch cane, two inches of which you sheath with tow

+and then insert in a ladle of molten lead. There you manipulate it in

+such sort that there is presently left to cool at the end of your cane

+a pear-shaped lump of lead of the weight experience has shown you to

+be proper. With this weapon an adept can bring down a squirrel from

+on high, or stop one on the level at five-and-twenty yards, almost to

+a certainty.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">W. F. Waller</span> in <cite>Notes &amp; Queries</cite>, 8th series, ii. p. 197.

+'Another Marlborough mode of making it is to pour the melted lead

+into a cone composed of many folds of well-wetted paper, tied round

+the slightly notched upper end of the cane or ground ash.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">G. E.

+Dartnell</span> in <cite>N. &amp; Q.</cite>, 8th series, ii. p. 257. Also see various letters

+in <cite>N. &amp; Q.</cite>, 8th series, ii. pp. 149, 197, 257. Squailers were in use at the

+Grammar school as well as at the College, up to about 1867.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squailing</b>. Clumsy, badly, or irregularly shaped, as 'a squailing

+loaf,' 'a squailing sort of a town,' &amp;c. (H.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Square</b>. Thatching is paid by the 'square,' which is 100 square

+feet.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squat</b>. See <small>Squot</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squeak-Thrush</b>. The Missel Thrush.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squeeze-belly</b>. A V-shaped stile.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squelch</b>, <b>Squelp</b>. (1) <i>adv.</i> 'A vell down squelch,' he fell

+heavily (A.B.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To squash to pieces, as

+a heavy stone would an egg.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squinney</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> 'To squinney round,' to peep about.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> 'Squinney-hole,' a peep-hole. Sometimes

+also used of a hagioscope in a church.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squish</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> Of soft or boggy ground, to give under foot

+with the peculiar spirt and sound that denote a water-logged

+condition. 'The rwoad wer squishing under I ael the waay

+to 'Vize.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> Of mud, to spirt and splash

+up as it does in a boggy place. 'It wer main hocksey, an'

+the muck squished up ael over I, purty nigh up to my eyes.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squishey</b>. <i>adj.</i> Soft, wet, swampy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The ploughing engine be stuck fast up to the axle, the land be so

+soft and squishey.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squoil</b>. See <small>Squail</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Squot</b> or <b>Squat</b>. (1) n. A bruise (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To bruise or crush (S.), as 'I've bin an'

+squot my thumb.' To bruise by compression (B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sqwawk</b>. To squall out as a hen does when pulled off the

+nest.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stabble</b>. v. Of ground, to poach up by continual treading, as

+near a field gateway (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Children are always

+'stabbling about' indoors, making a mess and litter.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stack</b>. 'A stack of elms'=either one score or two score of

+'elms.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Staddles</b>, <b>Staddle-stones</b>. The pillars on which a rick stands

+(A.B.S.). Cf. <small>Stavel</small> (<small>Steevil</small> in S.W.). A.S. sta�ol.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stael</b>. See <small>Stale</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stag</b>, <b>Steg</b>. A rent in clothes.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Staid</b>. Of mature age, elderly (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stake-and-ether-hedge</b>. A wattled fence. See <small>Ether</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stale</b>, <b>Stael</b>, or <b>Steale</b>. The long handle of any husbandry

+tool (A.B.). A.S. <i>stel</i> (in compounds).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A was as lang and as lane as a rake-stael.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 177.</p>

+

+<p>'The peculiar broad-headed nail which fastens the mop to the stout

+ashen "steale," or handle.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. iv.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Standing</b>, <b>Stannin</b>. A stall or small booth at a fair. <small>Stannen</small>

+(S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Star-flower</b>. (1) <i>Potentilla Tormentilla</i>, Sibth., Tormentil.&mdash;S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) <i>Lysimachia nemorum</i>, L., Wood

+Loosestrife.&mdash;S.W. (Barford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stark</b>. <i>v.</i> To dry up. 'The ground is got so stark&mdash;you see

+the hot sun after the rain did stark the top on't.'&mdash;N.W.

+(Hilmarton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Starky</b>. (1) Stiff, dry (A.B.). Shrivelled up, as applied to

+things.&mdash;N.W. (2) Shrivelled and wasted by ill-health.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stars</b>. <i>Campanula glomerata</i>, L., Clustered Bellflower.&mdash;N.W.

+(Enford.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[157]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Start</b>. (1) An outing or pleasure-party. 'Wher be th'

+missus, Bill?' 'Whoy, off on a bit of a start.'&mdash;S.W.

+(2) A 'go.' 'That's a rum start, yun' it?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Starve</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> 'To starve with cold,' to be extremely cold;

+to cause anything to be cold. Chiefly used in past participle,

+as 'starved wi' th' cowld,' perished with cold. A.S.

+<i>steorfan</i>, to die. 'My old man he do starve I at nights wi'

+the cowld, 'cause he got a crooked leg, and he do sort o' cock

+un up 'snaw, and the draaft do get in under the bed-claus,

+and I be fairly starved wi' the cowld.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2)

+See <small>Bird-starving</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stavel-barn</b>. A barn on stone pillars (Agric. Survey). See

+<small>Staddles</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steale</b>. See <small>Stale</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stean</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To 'stone,' or cover a path or road with

+gravel or small stones.&mdash;N.W. (2) 'To stean a well,' to

+line its sides with stone (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steaner</b>. The man who lays the second and inner rows of

+sheaves in building a wheat rick.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steanin</b>. (1) A road made with small stones (A.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) The built-up portion of a well.&mdash;S.W. See <small>Stean</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steart</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The tang which fastens anything; the ring

+of a button, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> The small iron rod, on

+the head of which the cappence of the old-fashioned flail

+played.&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>n.</i> A young ox. Apparently <i>steer</i>,

+with <i>t</i> excrescent.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steer</b>. The starling. A form of <i>Stare</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steip</b>. See <small>Stipe</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stem</b>. A period of time (A.H.S.), as 'a stem o' dry weather.'

+Work on the roads, &amp;c., is done 'on the stem,' or 'by the

+stem.' A.S. <i>stemn</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stepple</b>. A hoof-mark (<cite>Village Miners</cite>). Cf. <small>Stabble</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stewer</b>, <b>Stour</b>, <b>Sture</b>. Fuss, commotion.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stew up</b>. To tidy up.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[158]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stick</b>. To decorate with evergreens, &amp;c. 'We allus sticks

+th' Church at Christmas,'&mdash;the decorations formerly consisting

+only of sprigs of holly stuck into holes in the backs

+of the pews.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stickle</b>. To stick. 'They're as thick as they can stickle on

+it.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stick-up</b>. <i>v.</i> To make the first tentative advances towards

+courtship.&mdash;N.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I've bin a-stickin' up to another young ooman this summer, wi'

+a view to keepin' comp'ny wi' she.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xv.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stipe</b>. 'The stipe o' the hill,' the steepest part.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stipe</b>, <b>Steip</b>. A dozen and a half of 'elms' (H.Wr.). '<i>Steip

+of helms</i>, eighteen helms: Wilts.'&mdash;Holloway's <cite>Dict.</cite>&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stived up</b>. Shut up in a warm close place. Fighting cocks

+were formerly kept warm in a 'stive,' or kind of straw

+basket like a hive, whilst waiting their turn to fight.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stoach</b>. To plant potatoes with a 'stoacher.' In some counties

+<i>stoach</i>=poach, to trample into holes.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stoacher</b>. 'A tater stoacher,' a thick stake, with projecting

+notch on which the foot is placed to drive the sharpened

+point into the ground. The potatoes are dropped into the

+holes so made.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stobball-play</b>. An old game, played with a withy-staff and

+a small ball, stuffed full of quills, said by Aubrey (<cite>Nat. Hist.

+Wilts</cite>, p. 117, ed. Brit.) to be peculiar to North Wilts, North

+Gloucester, and the neighbourhood of Bath; but probably

+a form of <i>stool-ball</i> (H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Illegal games ... mentioned are ... hand-ball, foot-ball, and stave-ball

+or "stobball"; (<i>pilum manualem, pedalem, sive baculinam</i>), "nine-holes"

+and "kittles."'&mdash;<cite>On the Self-government of Small Manorial Communities,

+as exemplified in the Manor of Castle Combe.&mdash;Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. iii.

+p. 156.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stodge</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Substantial food.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To

+stuff gluttonously. <small>Stodged</small>, quite unable to cram down

+another morsel.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[159]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stodgy</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of food, causing a feeling of repletion.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stogged</b>. Stuck in the mud, bogged (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stoggy</b>. Wet and sticky; used of ground that 'stogs' you,

+or in which you get 'stogged.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stomachy</b>. <i>adj.</i> Unbending (S.). Obstinate, headstrong,

+self-willed.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stone-bruise</b>. A kind of corn on the foot. In an American

+trouting-yarn in <cite>Fishing Gazette</cite>, December 17, 1892, p. 429,

+the following occurs:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'It's just the age for "stone-bruises" in a boy, and he must have

+a pair of shoes any way.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stone-osier</b>. <i>Salix purpurea</i>, L. (<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>,

+ch. viii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stop</b>. A hole in the ground&mdash;not in a hedgerow, but a few

+yards away, or on cultivated ground&mdash;where the doe rabbit

+has her young; said to be from her 'stopping' or covering

+it over when she leaves it. Also used in Hants.&mdash;N.W.,

+common.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Storm-cock</b>. <i>Turdus viscivorus</i>, Missel Thrush (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 129).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stout</b>. The gadfly (A.B.). 'They stowuts be so terrifyin'.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stowl</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The root of a timber-tree left in the ground

+after felling (A.B.C.); the stump of a bush or tree, in hedge

+or copse, cut off low down so as to form a stock from which

+underwood may spring (C.D.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> 'To

+stowl out,' to shoot out thickly, as a bush cut off low down,

+or wheat which has been fed off when young.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strafe</b>. To wander about.&mdash;N.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strapper</b>. An Irish harvester or tramping labourer.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strawberry-leaved Geranium</b>. <i>Saxifraga sarmentosa</i>, L. See

+<small>Hanging Geranium</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strick</b>. See <small>Strike</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Strickle</b>. See <small>Stritch</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Striddling</b>. The right to lease fallen apples after the gathering

+in of the crop. Cf. <small>Griggling</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[160]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strike</b>, <b>Strick</b>. To slip up; to slip and swing out as a vehicle

+does when turning a corner fast on a slippery road. 'Her

+stricked up on thuck there slide, an' come down vlop.'&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Strim-strum</b>. <i>adj.</i> Unmusical (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stripe</b>. A fool, a simpleton (H.Wr.). Probably a mistake

+for <small>Stupe</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strip-up</b>. <i>v.</i> To shroud the lower part of a tree, as is usually

+done with hedgerow timber at intervals.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stritch</b>, <b>Strickle</b>. A piece of wood used for striking off the

+surplus grain from a corn measure. A.S. <i>stricol</i>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Strommelling</b>. *(1) Awkward, ungainly (A.B.H.).

+*(2) Unruly (A.B.H.), as 'a strommellin' child.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Strong</b>. 'Strong a-dying,' at the point of death.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Strouter</b>. A strut or support in the side of a waggon (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stub</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A stump of a tree; a projecting root.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> In walking, to strike the foot against

+a stub or projecting root.&mdash;N.W. *(3) <i>v.</i> 'To stub off,'

+to cut off a bush or tree close to the ground (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>,

+ch. x). (4) 'Stubs,' stubble, as <i>wheat-stubs, barley-stubs</i>

+(D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stubbed</b>. A 'stubbed' broom is one much worn down by use,

+as opposed to a new one.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stuck</b>. A spike (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stud</b>. <i>v.</i> To ponder over, think about. 'Don't 'ee stud upon 't

+so much.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Studdle</b>. To stir up water so as to make it thick and muddy.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Studdly</b>, <b>Stoddly</b>. Thick, as beer before it settles after

+moving.&mdash;N.W. (Berks bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stultch</b>. A crutch, a boy's stilt (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033, f. 2).

+(H.Wr.). Stelch in Glouc.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[161]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Stun</b>. <i>v.</i> To cause to make no growth. 'Grass was stunned

+in its growth this season' (1892).&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+Potterne, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sture</b>. See <small>Stewer</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Suant</b>. See <small>Sewent</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Succour</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Shelter; a sheltered place. A tender plant is

+set 'in the succour of the wall'; and cattle on a cold wet day

+get 'in the succour of the hedge.' ''Tes gwain' to rain, for

+the wind's down in the succours,' i.e. hollows and sheltered

+places generally. On bleak parts of the Downs the cottages

+are mostly to be found in the succours.&mdash;N.W. (Huish,

+Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Goddard the elder being a copyholder of lands in Eylden within

+the Manner of Ogburne near adjoyning to His Majesties Chace being

+a place that in winter time was a special and usual succour for preserving

+the breed of young deer belonging to the Chace.'&mdash;Extract from

+<cite>Bond</cite> v. <cite>Goddard and others</cite>, 1636. See <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxiii. p. 259.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To shelter. An old-fashioned bonnet is said to 'succour'

+the ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where

+they are 'succoured' by bushes or walls.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Suck-blood</b>. The Common Leech. <small>Zuckblood</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Suffer</b>. To punish, to make to suffer. 'I'll suffer you, you

+young rascal!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Suffy</b>. To draw a deep and quick breath.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sugar-codlins</b>. <i>Epilobium hirsutum</i>, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Suggy</b>. Wood that is soaked with wet is said to be 'suggy.'

+See <small>Sog</small>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Suity</b>. Even, regular (A.B.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sultedge</b>. A coarse apron, worn by poor women (A.B.C.).

+<small>Sultredge</small> (H.Wr.). By which is probably intended that the

+apron is made of <i>sultedge</i>, or a kind of coarse sheeting.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Summer field</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In the four-field system, where the clover is sown the second year,

+and mowed the third, the field becomes in the fourth year what is

+called, in Wiltshire, a summer field.'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Summer ground</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A custom upon two farms ... of feeding six oxen through the full

+range of all the summer ground belonging to the hither Beversbrook

+... being the Home Close, the Middle Marsh, the Course Marsh, the

+Upper Lease, and Brewer's Lease; through the full range likewise of

+such summer grounds as belong to the yonder Beversbrook to be put

+in at Mortimers Gate and to feed to Burfurlong Corner, through all the

+afore mentioned grounds from the third of May to Michaelmas.'&mdash;<cite>Hilmarton

+Parish Terrier</cite>, 1704. See <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxiv. p. 126.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Summer rick</b>. A windmow, or very large cock of hay, thrown

+up in the field, to remain there some time (<cite>Gamekeeper at

+Home</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Summers</b> or <b>Bed-summers</b>. See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Summer Snipe</b>. <i>Totanus hypoleucos</i>, Common Sandpiper.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sungreen</b>. <i>Sempervivum tectorum</i>, L., Houseleek. Occasionally

+Singreen in S. Wilts, and Silgreen in N. Wilts. A.S. <i>singr�ne</i>.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Swaft</b>. Thirst (H.Wr.). Probably from Fr. <i>soif</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Swank</b>. To work in a slow lazy fashion, to idle. 'Her bain't

+no good for <em>your</em> place, ma'am, her do go swanking about

+so over her work.'&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Swankey</b>. *(1) <i>adj.</i> Boisterous, swaggering, strutting

+(A.B.H.Wr.). *(2) <i>n.</i> Weak beer; drink (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Swash</b>, <b>Swosh</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A torrent or great rush of water.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A man in answer to my question of <em>how</em> the rain seemed to fall,

+said, "It came down in <i>swashes</i>," and I think it may also be said

+that occasionally the wind came in <i>swashes</i> too.'&mdash;<cite>The Great Wiltshire

+Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. vi. p. 380.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To swill out. 'I've bin swoshing out the back-kitchin.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sweeps</b>. <i>Hypericum calycinum</i>, L., Large-flowered St. John's

+Wort.&mdash;S.W. (Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sweet-briar</b>. The young succulent suckers of any rose, which

+are peeled and eaten by children.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sweeten</b>. Some land requires <i>sweetening</i>, or chalking, to take

+out the acidity, before it will bear barley (<cite>Agric. Survey</cite>).</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[163]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sweethearts</b>. <i>Galium Aparine</i>, L., Goosegrass, because its burs

+have such an affectionate way of clinging to one.&mdash;S.W.

+(Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Swilter</b>. To smoulder away to ashes, without breaking into

+flame (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Swittle</b>. To cut or whittle (A.H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sythe</b>. To sigh (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>T</b>. <i>Thr</i>, at the beginning of a word, is usually sounded as <i>dr</i>,

+as <i>draish</i>, <i>dree</i>. After liquids <i>d</i> or <i>t</i> will often be added, as

+<i>varmint</i>, vermin; <i>sarment</i>, sermon; <i>steart</i>, a steer; <i>dillard</i>,

+thiller. <i>F</i> and <i>v</i> sometimes become <i>th</i>, as <i>thetches</i> for fitches

+or vetches. <i>Th</i> will also occasionally become <i>Ss</i>, as <i>lattermass</i>,

+latter-math. Conversely, <i>Ss</i> rarely becomes <i>th</i>, as <i>moth</i>, moss.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tack</b>. (1) A shelf, as <i>chimney-tack</i> (A.B.C.).&mdash;N.W. (2)

+Pasture for horses and cattle (A.B.).&mdash;N.W. (3) 'Out to

+tack,' at agistment, applied to cattle that are put out to keep

+by the week or month.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tackle</b>. Stuff, any material, as food, solid or liquid (A.).

+'This here yale be oncommon good tackle'; or dress material,

+'Haven't 'ee got any gingham tackle?' (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).

+Also used of food for cattle.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thaay [the sheep] be goin' into th' Mash to-morrow.... We be got

+shart o' keep.... Thur's a main sight o' tackle in the Mash vor um.'&mdash;<cite>Green

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Taffety</b>. Dainty in eating (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tag</b>. (1) When a lawn-mower or barrow is too heavy for

+one man to manage alone, a rope is attached for a boy to

+draw by, who is said to 'pull tag.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+(2) <i>n.</i> A game played by boys. One touches another, saying

+<i>Tag!</i> and the touched person has then to run after and touch

+another, who becomes <i>Tag</i> in his turn.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. *(3) <i>v.</i>

+To tease, to torment (C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[164]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Tail</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The whole skirt of a woman's dress. 'Hev 'ee

+got ar' a owld taail to gie I, Miss?'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) 'Seconds' of flour (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. vi); also <small>Tailing-flour</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <small>Tail-ends</small> or <small>Tailings</small>. Refuse wheat,

+not saleable in market, kept for consumption on the farm

+(A.B.G.); also <small>Tail</small>, <small>Tailing-wheat</small>, and <small>Tailens</small> (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tail Pole</b>. See <small>Waggon</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Take</b>. <i>n.</i> The sciatica (Aubrey's <cite>Wilts MS.</cite>).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Take up</b>. Of weather, to become fine.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tallet</b>, <b>Tallot</b>. A hay-loft over a stable (A.B.G.S.). Welsh

+<i>taflod</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. See <cite>N. &amp; Q.</cite> 8th Ser. iv. 450, &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tamed</b>. 'By that time the ground will be tamed.' Said in

+Lisle's <cite>Husbandry</cite> to be a Wilts agricultural term, but not

+there explained.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tan</b>. <i>Then</i> is so pronounced in such phrases as <i>Now'-an'-Tan</i>

+and <i>Twitch-an'-Tan</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tang</b>. (1) 'To tang the bell,' to pull it (A.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) 'To tang bees,' to follow a swarm, beating a fire-shovel

+or tin pan (A.).&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To make a noise (S.).&mdash;S.W.

+(4) <i>n.</i> A small church bell is a <small>Ting-Tang</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tankard</b>. A sheep-bell.&mdash;N.W. It is said that the whole

+of the 'tankards' in use in England are made at Great

+Cheverell.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Hilary ... turned back, remarking, "It's Johnson's flock; I know

+the tang of his tankards." The flat-shaped bells hung on a sheep's

+neck are called tankards, and Hilary could distinguish one flock from

+another by the varying notes of their bells.'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. vi. p. 123.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tasker</b>. A tramping harvester or casual labourer who works

+by the piece (<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, p. 24).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tawney</b>, <b>Ta'aney</b>. The Bullfinch, <i>Pyrrhula vulgaris</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tazzle</b>. <i>n.</i> 'Her hair be aal of a tazzle,' in great disorder, all

+tangled and knotted and tousled.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tear</b>. (1) A rage. 'He wur in just about a tear.'&mdash;S.W.

+(2) In N. Wilts old folk used formerly to <i>tear</i> their crockery,

+and <i>break</i> their clothes, but <i>tear</i> now seems obsolete in this

+sense there.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teart</b>. (1) Painfully tender, sore, as a wound (A.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) Stinging, as a blister.&mdash;N.W. (Rowde.) (3) Tart, as

+beer turning sour (S.): acrimonious. See <cite>Addenda</cite>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ted</b>. To throw about hay for the first time (D.S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teel</b>, <b>Tile</b>. To place anything leaning against a wall

+(A.B.H.Wr.). Generally used with <i>up</i>, as 'Teel it up agen

+th' wall, wull 'ee?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teft</b>. The same as <small>Heft</small> (A.B.C.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teg-man</b>. A shepherd.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I am a teg-man (or shepherd) in the employ of Mr. White.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+County Mirror</cite>, October 28, 1892, p. 8, col. 5.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Temper</b>. 'To temper down dripping,' to melt it and refine

+with water.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Temtious</b>. Tempting, inviting.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Temzer</b>. A riddle or sieve. Cp. Fr. <i>tamis</i>.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A temzer, a range, or coarse searche: Wilts.'&mdash;<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite> 1033, f. 2.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tentful</b>. Attentive, careful.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Terrible</b>. Extremely. ''Tes a terr'ble bad harvest to-year.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Terrify</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To worry, irritate, annoy; used especially

+of very troublesome children. 'The vlies be terrible

+terrifying.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>''Twer mostly losing of a hoss as did for 'em, and most al'ays wi'

+bad shoeing. They gived 'em scant measure&mdash;shoed 'em too tight,

+they did, a-terrifying o' the poor beasts.'&mdash;<cite>Jonathan Merle</cite>, ch. xlviii.

+p. 520.</p>

+

+<p>'Her own folks mightn't a-like so well to come and stay, if ther was

+al'ays a terrifying old woman to put up with.'&mdash;<i>Ibid</i>, ch. liv. p. 596.</p>

+

+<p>'Her husband, who had been out in the fields, came home and began

+to "terrify" her.'&mdash;<cite>Marlborough Times</cite>, November 26, 1892.</p>

+

+<p>'I be turrivied wi' rheumatics.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. x.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>n.</i> A source of worry or trouble. A bed-ridden woman

+who has to get her neighbours to do everything for her is

+'a terrible terrify' to them.&mdash;N.W. *(3) <i>v.</i> To injure,

+as a hailstorm does apple-blossom (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite>

+vol. xxii. p. 113).&mdash;N.W. (Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[166]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tewley</b>, <b>Tuley</b>. Weakly (S.). Sickly, tired-looking.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thatches</b>. See <b>Thetches</b>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thauf</b>. Although, or although if; as 'A never vound un,

+thauf he'd gone dree lug vurder on, a cudden a bin off

+seein' on un.' Cp. Sauf.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury, etc.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Theave</b>. A ewe of the third year.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'We have wether hogs and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram tegs,

+and theaves, and two-tooths, and four-tooths, and six-tooths.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> ch. xvii. p. 303.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>There-right</b>. (1) 'Go straight forward,' order to a horse

+at plough (A.).&mdash;N.W. (2) On the spot.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thert</b>. <i>v.</i> To plough land a second time, at right angles to

+the first ploughing, so as to clean it more effectually. Cp.

+<i>Thwart</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thetches</b>, <b>Thatches</b>. Vetches. <i>Lent thetches</i> are an early

+spring kind.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thill</b>, or <b>Dill</b>. The shaft of a cart.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thiller</b>, <b>Diller</b>, <b>Thill-horse</b>. The shaft-horse of a team.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thimbles</b>. <i>Campanula rotundifolia</i>, L., the Harebell.&mdash;S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thorough-pin</b>. The pin which fastens the waggon-bed to the

+carriage (D.). See Waggon.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Three-pound-tenner</b>. The name given by bird-catchers

+about Salisbury to the 'Chevil' variety of Goldfinch, it

+being more valuable than the ordinary kind (<cite>Birds of Wilts</cite>,

+p. 203).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Threshles</b>. 'A pair of threshles, drashols, or flyals, a flail' (D.).

+The usual term for a flail. See <small>Drashel</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Throw</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> 'A throw of timber,' the quantity felled at

+any one time.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To fell timber (<cite>Bevis</cite>, ch. i).&mdash;N.W.

+(3) 'To throw a gin or snare,' to spring or set

+it off (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. vi).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[167]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thunder-bolts</b>, (1) The concretionary nodules of iron pyrites

+so frequently found in the chalk. See <small>Gold</small>; also Thunder-stones

+in <cite>Addenda</cite>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts.&mdash;<cite>Greene

+Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) Fossil belemnites.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thunder-flower</b>. <i>Papaver Rhoeas</i>, &amp;c., Red Poppy.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thunder-fly</b>. A black midge. So called because they appear

+mostly in thunder weather.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Tiny black flies alighting on my hands and face, irritated the skin;

+the haymakers call them "thunder-flies."'&mdash;<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. v.

+pp. 96-97.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Thurindale</b>. A flagon holding about three pints (H.Wr.).

+M.E. <i>thriddendele</i>, a third part.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thurtifer</b>. Unruly, self-willed (H.Wr.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ticky Pig</b>. The smallest pig of a litter.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tid</b>. *(1) Lively, playful (B.G.). (2) Childish, affecting

+simplicity (A.), shy. 'Coom, coom, dwon't'e be tid' (A.).

+A.S. <i>tyddr</i>, tender, weak, imbecile.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tiddle</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To bring up a lamb by hand (A.). A.S. <i>tyddrian</i>,

+to nourish, feed.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'"Shall I get a drap o' milk, and <i>tiddle</i> un a leetle, maester?" ...

+"Ha! to be sure! ... Put un into the basket ... and get us a bottle

+wi' some milk." Tom, who had often assisted the young lambs in the

+same way, soon procured the therewith to fashion the pseudo teat,

+and master and man did their best to perform the office of wet nurse

+to the unfortunate foundling.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, pp. 5-6.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(2) <i>v.</i> To tickle (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tiddlin' lamb</b>. A lamb brought up by hand (A.). See <small>Tiddle</small> (1).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tiddy</b>. <i>adj.</i> Weakly, delicate. See <small>Tiddle</small> (1).&mdash;N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tide-times</b>. Christmas, Easter, &amp;c. 'He do have a drop,

+tide-times and that.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tie</b>. Of wood, to pinch the saw while working.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tig</b>. A little pig (<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. i).&mdash;N.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tile</b>. See <small>Teel</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[168]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tiller</b>. The upper handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw. See <small>Box</small>.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tiller out</b>. To sprout out with several shoots, as wheat after

+being eaten off when young.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Timersome</b>. Timid (A.S.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tine</b>. *(1) <i>v.</i> To light a fire or candle (A.C.). <small>Tin'd</small> (B.). Cf.

+A.S. <i>tendan, on-tendan</i>, to kindle, and E. <i>tinder</i>. *(2) To

+finish off a laid hedge or stake-fence by weaving in the

+top-band of boughs (A.B.). *(3) <i>v.</i> To divide or enclose

+a field with a hedge (A.B.C.). A.S. <i>t�nan</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'To tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose it with a fence of

+wood or quickset.'&mdash;<cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">(4) <i>n.</i> A drag or harrow tooth (D.).&mdash;N.W. *(5) To give

+the ground two or three <i>tinings</i> is to draw the harrow two or

+three times over the same place. See Cope's <cite>Hants Gloss</cite>.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They drag it two, three, or four times, and harrow it four, five,

+or six times, viz. (provincially speaking), they give it "so many tine

+with the drag, and so many with the harrow."'&mdash;<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ting-tang</b>. A small church-bell (S.). See <small>Tang</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tining</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A new enclosure made with a dead hedge

+(D.H. Wr.).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A fence of wood, either brushwood,

+pale, or quickset (C.).&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tippem</b>, <b>Tippum</b>. A game played by six boys, three on each

+side of the table. The centre one 'works the piece,' i.e.

+passes it from hand to hand up and down under his side of

+the table. Then all the hands are placed on the table, and

+the opposite side guesses which hand the 'piece' is in, and

+scores or loses a mark according as the guess is right or

+wrong. The 'piece' may be anything available, from a knife

+to a pebble or bean.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tippy</b>, <b>Tippity</b>. Easily upset.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tistie-tostie</b>, <b>Tostie</b>. A child's name for both cowslip and

+cowslip-ball.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tithing</b>, <b>Tething</b>. A shock of ten sheaves, for convenience in

+tithe-taking (D.). The same as <small>Hyle</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Titty-wren</b>. The wren.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Toads'-cheese</b>. Toadstool, fungus (A.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Toads'-heads</b>. <i>Fritillaria Meleagris</i>, L., Snake's-head (<cite>English

+Plant Names</cite>).&mdash;N.W. (Minety.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toads'-meat</b>. Toadstools; fungi (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toad-stabber</b>. A bad blunt knife (S.). Commonly used by

+boys about Clyffe Pypard.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Todge</b>. Any thick spoon-meat, as gruel (A.B.C.). See <small>Stodge</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Token</b>. *(1) A fool (H.Wr.). (2) A 'young token' is

+a young rascal.&mdash;N.W. (3) Formerly used also as a term

+of endearment. A man would call his children his 'little

+tokens.'&mdash;N.W. (4) 'Blackberry-token,' the Dewberry.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toll</b>. To entice or decoy. <small>Tawl</small> (S.). 'Hev' a bit o' cheese,

+to toll the bread down wi', will 'ee?' Still in common use.

+A cow given to wandering, when she breaks out of bounds,

+generally 'tolls' the rest of the herd after her.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toll-bird</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A trained decoy-bird; also a stuffed bird

+used as a decoy.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) 'To give anything just

+as a toll-bird,' to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel. Tradesmen

+will sell some one article far below cost-price, as a toll-bird

+to attract custom.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tom-bird</b>. The male of any bird is generally so called in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tom Cull</b>. The Bullhead, <i>Cottus gobio</i> (A.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tommy</b>. Food in general (S.), especially when carried out

+into the fields.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tommy-bag</b>. The bag in which labourers take food out with

+them (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tommy-hacker</b>. The same as Hacker.&mdash;S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tommy-hawk</b>. A potato hacker. See <small>Hacker</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tom Thumbs</b>. <i>Lotus corniculatus</i>, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.&mdash;S.W.

+(Mere.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tom Thumb's Honeysuckle</b>. <i>Lotus corniculatus</i>, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil (<cite>Sarum Dioc. Gazette</cite>).&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[170]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toppings</b>. Bran and mill-sweepings ground up together.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Totty</b>, <b>Tutty</b>, <b>Tutto</b>. A nosegay. Used all over Wilts, in

+slightly varying pronunciations, the stress sometimes falling

+on the first and sometimes on the last syllable. An apple-tree

+in full blossom is 'all a totty.' At Hungerford the

+tything-men are known as <small>Tutti-men</small>, and carry <small>Tutti-poles</small>,

+or wands wreathed with flowers. Minsheu's Dict., Eng.

+and Spanish ed. 1623, 'a posie or tuttie.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Touch</b>. Coarse brown paper soaked in saltpetre and dried,

+used instead of matches for lighting a pipe in the open air,

+the spark to kindle it being struck with a knife and a flint.

+Commonly used up to a very recent date.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Touchwood</b>. A boy's game, in which the pursued endeavours

+to escape by touching <i>wood</i>, i.e. tree or post, before his

+pursuer can seize him.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Toward</b>. (1) Order to a horse to come towards you.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) Hence applied to anything near or leaning towards you

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Towardly</b>. Docile, as opposed to <i>froward</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>To-year</b>, <b>T'year</b>. This year. 'I bain't a-gwain' to set no taters

+to-year.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Traipse</b>, <b>Trapes</b>, <b>Traipsey</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A slattern.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) To walk in a slatternly manner; used chiefly of women.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Trammel Hawk</b>. <i>Falco peregrinus</i>, Peregrine Falcon (<cite>Birds

+of Wilts</cite>, p. 72).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trant</b>. To move goods.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tranter</b>. A haulier.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trapes</b>. n. An untidy person (S.). See <small>Traipes</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Traveller's-ease</b>. <i>Achillea Millefolium</i>, L., Common Yarrow.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tree-mouse</b>. <i>Certhia familiaris</i>, the Common Creeper.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'It may be seen creeping like a mouse up and down the hole of a

+tree. Hence it is known in the south of the county as the "Tree-mouse.'"&mdash;<cite>Birds

+of Wilts.</cite>, p. 259.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[171]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Trendle</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A circular trough or tray in which

+bakers mix their dough.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> Hence,

+a circular earthwork.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Chisenbury Camp, or Trendle, as it is vulgarly called.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Britton's</span>

+<cite>Top. Descr. Wilts</cite>., p. 407.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Triangle</b>. 'To plant cabbages triangle,' to set them in <i>quincunx</i>

+order.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trig</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To fasten, make firm (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite>

+vol. xxii. p. 113).&mdash;N.W. (2) adj. 'Pretty trig,' in fairly

+good health.&mdash;S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trigger</b>. The rod let down to '<i>trig up</i>' the shafts of a cart.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Trim-tram</b>. A gate which swings in a V-shaped enclosure

+of post and rail, so as to prevent cattle from passing through.&mdash;N.W.

+(Cherhill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trins</b>. Calves' trins, i.e., calves' stomachs, are used in cheese-making.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trip</b>. To take off in jumping.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tripping</b>. The 'take-off' in jumping.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Sometimes they could not leap because the tripping was bad ... sometimes

+the landing was bad ... or higher than the tripping.&mdash;<cite>Bevis</cite>,

+ch. v.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trounce</b>. To have the law of a man, to punish by legal

+process (A.B.S.); never used of physical punishment.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Truckle</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To roll.&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>n.</i> Anything that

+may be rolled.&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>n.</i> A small cheese (S.)&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Truckle-cheese</b>. A small barrel-shaped cheese of about 6 or

+8 lbs.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Truckles</b>. (1) 'Sheep's-truckles,' sheep dung; the usual

+term in N. Wilts. Cf. 'trottles' in Linc., and 'trestles' in

+Sussex.&mdash;N.W. (2) 'To play truckles,' to roll anything,

+such as a reel, the top of a canister, &amp;c., from one player to

+another, backwards and forwards.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[172]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Trumpery</b>. Weeds growing in cultivated ground.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'If he'd a-let us have it rent free first year ('cause that land wer all

+full o' trump'ry that high) we could ha' done.'&mdash;Jonathan Merle,

+ch. xxxvii. p. 412.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tuck</b>. (1) 'To tuck a rick,' to pull out the uneven hay

+all round the sides, until they look smooth and even.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) To smart with pain (H.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(3) To blow gustily. 'The wind is so tucking to-day,' i.e.

+gusty, veering, blowing from all quarters, uncertain.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tuffin</b>, <b>Tuffin-hay</b>, <b>Tuff-mowing</b>. Late hay made of the

+rough grass left by the cattle. <small>Turvin</small> (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tufwort</b>. Probably the nest of <i>Vespa Britannica</i>, which in

+hot summers has occurred frequently in our hedges in some

+parts of the county.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Between Crookwood and what is called "The Folly," they observed

+a large cluster in one of the fir-trees ... which turned out to be a

+wasps' nest. The nest, which was nearly as large as a quartern

+measure, was fully matured, and is described by an expert in taking

+wasps' nests as what is known as "the tufwort" nest. It consisted of

+three splendid cakes of comb, enclosed in a web.'&mdash;Local Papers, July,

+1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tugs</b>. Pieces of chain attached to the hames of the thiller,

+by which he draws.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tuley</b>. See <small>Tewley</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tulip-tree</b>. <i>Acer pseudo-platanus</i>, L., Sycamore, the smell

+or taste of the young shoots being supposed by children to

+resemble that of the tulip.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tump</b>. A hillock (A.B.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tumpy</b>. Hillocky, uneven (A.)&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tun</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> Chimney, chimney-top (A.B.C.). 'Chimney-tun'

+(<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. viii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) <i>v.</i> 'To tun,' or

+'to tun in,' to pour liquid through a 'tun-dish' into a cask.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, Devizes, Huish.)</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[173]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Tun-dish</b>, or <b>Tun-bowl</b>. A kind of wooden funnel, like

+a small bucket, with hoops round it, and a tube at the

+bottom, used for pouring liquids into a cask.&mdash;N.W.

+(Devizes, Clyffe Pypard, Huish.) See <cite>Measure for Measure</cite>,

+iii. 2.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Turf</b>. Refuse oak-bark from the tanner's, made into cakes for

+firing (B.H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W. (Marlborough, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Turn</b> or <b>Torn</b>. A spinning-wheel.&mdash;N.W. (obsolete). This

+word frequently occurs in the Mildenhall parish accounts,

+as:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1793. To Box and Spokes to Torn, 1<i>s</i>. 2<i>d</i>. To a Standard, hoop

+4 spokes to Torn, 1<i>s</i>. 3<i>d</i>. To a Hoop 3 spokes to a Torn, 11 <i>d</i>. To 4 legs

+and standard a hope 5 spokes to Sal's Torn, 2<i>s</i>. 7<i>d</i>. To Mending Bery's

+Torn, 1<i>s</i>. 6<i>d</i>. 1784. Paid John Rawlins for a Turn, 3<i>s</i>.'</p>

+

+<p>In 1809-10 the word <i>Turn</i> gives place to <i>Spinning-wheel</i>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Turnpike</b>. A wire set by a poacher across a hare's run

+(<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, chs. ii. and vii).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Turvin</b>. See <small>Tuffin</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tutto</b>. See <small>Totty</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tutty</b>. See <small>Totty</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tut-work</b>. Piece-work (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Twinge</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A long flat cake or loaf of bread.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) <i>n.</i> A piece of dough, moulded for

+making into bread.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Twire</b>. To look wistfully at anything (A.B.C.). 'How he

+did twire an' twire at she, an' her wouldn't so much as

+gie 'un a look!' In <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite> the word is said to have

+been in common use at that time in N. Wilts.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The wench ... twired and twinkled at him.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Fletcher</span>, <cite>Women

+Pleased</cite>, p. 41.</p>

+

+<p>'Compare Prov. Germ, <i>zwiren</i>, to take a stolen glance at a thing.&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Twi-ripe</b>. Ripening unevenly (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Twit</b>. In cider-making, the same as <small>Perkins</small>, q.v.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>T'year</b>. This year (A.S.) See <small>To-year</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[174]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>U</b>. <i>U</i> is often sounded <i>ow</i>, as <i>fowsty</i>, fusty, <i>dowst</i>, dust, or

+chaff.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Uck</b>. This very characteristic N. Wilts verb is used in many

+ways. Stable-litter is ucked about with a fork in cleaning

+out; weeds are ucked out of a gravel path with an old knife;

+a cow ucks another with the thrust of her horn; or a bit of

+cinder is ucked out of the eye with a bennet. See <cite>Great

+Estate</cite>, ch. iv, where it is said that anything stirred with

+a pointed instrument is 'ucked'; also <cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>,

+ch. ii. 'It is apparently not a perversion of <i>hook</i>, and should

+be compared with <i>huck</i>, to push, lift, gore, Hants; huck,

+a hard blow, Suss., and huck, to spread about manure (see

+Parish, <cite>Sussex Gloss.</cite>). It is perhaps a by-form of Prov.

+<i>hike</i>, to toss, throw, or strike' (Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unbelieving</b>. Of children, disobedient. 'He be that unbelieving,

+I can't do nothin' wi' un.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Under-creeping</b>. Underhanded.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unempty</b>, <b>Unempt</b>, <b>Unent</b>. <i>v.</i> To empty (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unked</b> or <b>Hunked</b>. Lonely (A.), but always with an idea of

+uncanniness underlying it. ''Tes a unked rwoad to take

+late o' nights.' Also <small>Unkid</small>, <small>Unkerd</small> (B.C.), <small>Unkert</small> (C.),

+and <small>Unket</small> (B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The gamekeeper ... regards this place as "unkid"&mdash;i.e. weird,

+uncanny.'&mdash;<cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. iv.</p>

+

+<p>'Related to uncouth = (1) unknown, (2) strange, uncanny, lonely.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p>

+

+<p>'What be the matter with thuck dog you? How he do howl&mdash;it

+sounds main unkid!'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. ix.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Here <i>unkid</i>=ominous and uncanny.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unthaw</b>. To thaw (S.Wr.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Up-along</b>. A little way up the street or road (S.). See

+<small>Down-along</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Upping-stock</b>. A horse-block (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Upsides</b>. 'I'll be upzides wi' un!' I'll be even with him

+(S)., or a match for him.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[175]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>V</b>. Many words, as <i>Voreright</i>, usually pronounced with a V,

+will be found under <small>F</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vag</b>. To reap in the modern style, with a broad 'rip-hook'

+and a crooked stick, chopping the straw off close to the

+ground, so as to leave little or no stubble (<cite>Walks in the

+Wheatfields</cite>). True reaping should be done with the hand

+instead of the crooked stick.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vagging-hook</b>. The hook used in vagging.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vagging-stick</b>. The crooked stick, usually hazel, with which

+the corn is drawn towards the reaper in vagging (<cite>Amateur

+Poacher</cite>, ch. iv).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Valiant Sparrow</b>. <i>Yunx torquilla</i>, the Wryneck (<cite>Birds of

+Wilts</cite>, p. 257).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vallens</b>. See <small>Falling</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vamp</b>. To walk about (S.). Much more used in Dorset.

+'I zeed she a-vamping half round the town.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Vamplets</b>. Rude gaiters to defend the legs from wet (A.H.).

+Cf. Bams. Also used in the New Forest. See <cite>Cradock Nowell</cite>,

+ch. xviii, 'Not come with me ... and you with your

+vamplets on, and all!' where the word is applied to

+shooting gaiters.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Veer</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A furrow.&mdash;N.W. (Glouc. bord.) (2) <i>v.</i>

+'To veer out the rudges,' to mark out with the plough the

+'rudges' or 'lands' before ploughing the whole field.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Veer weather</b>. Chopping, changeable weather.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Veldevare</b> or <b>Veldever</b>. See <small>Velt</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Vell</b>. The salted stomach of a young calf, used for making

+rennet.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Velleys</b>. The drain where the eaves of a cottage meet.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Velt</b>. The fieldfare. <i>Turdus pilaris</i> (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. xvi), the

+usual name for the bird in N. Wilts, there being a few local

+variants, as <small>Vulver</small> at Huish and <small>Veldever</small> at Clyffe

+Pypard. Also <small>Veldevare</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Tom was a regular gawney ... and went about wi' a handful o' zalt

+to catch the veldevares.'&mdash;<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 177.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[176]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vert</b>. See <small>Plim</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Vessel</b>. See quotation.&mdash;N.W. (Castle Eaton.)</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'To wash up the vessel (<i>sing.</i> not <i>pl.</i>) is to wash up plates, dishes,

+&amp;c.'&mdash;Miss <span class="smcap">E. Boyer-Brown</span>.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vinney</b>. (1) <i>adj.</i> Mouldy (A.C.S.), as applied to bread or

+cheese. A.S. <i>fynig</i>. <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite> points out that it is

+only used of white or blue mould, never of black or rotten

+mould. It was said at Hill Deverill of a woman feigning to

+be bed-ridden, that 'she would lie there abed till she were

+vinney.' See <small>Blue-vinnied</small>. (2) <i>adj.</i> Nervous. 'Do 'ee

+stop telling about they ghostises, or 'tull make I vinny.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vlonkers</b>. See <small>Flunk</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vrail</b>. The whip part of the old-fashioned flail.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vrammards</b>, <b>Vrammerd</b>. (1) Order to a horse to go from

+you, as opposed to <small>Toward</small>.&mdash;N.W. (2) Hence sometimes

+used as <i>adj.</i> by ploughmen and others in speaking of anything

+distant or leaning away from them (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. viii),

+as a load of hay or corn with a list to the off.&mdash;N.W.

+(3) <i>n.</i> A <i>vrammerd</i> is a blade set at right angles on a short

+handle, used for splitting laths or rails.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vrow</b>. See <small>Brow</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Vuddles</b>, <b>Vuddels</b>. A spoilt child (A.B.C.H.). In Hants to

+<i>vuddle</i> a child is to spoil it by injudicious petting.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vulver</b>. See <small>Velt</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>W</b>. Often not sounded at the beginning of a word. Thus <i>want</i>,

+a mole, becomes '<i>oont</i>, and <i>within</i> and <i>without</i> are usually

+<i>athin</i> and <i>athout</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Waddle up</b>. To wrap up with an excess of clumsily arranged

+clothing; usually applied to infants.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[177]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Wag</b>. (1) 'To wag the Church bells,' to set them ringing.

+Also used of tolling the bell for a funeral.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+(2) To move (S.). 'I be that bad I can't scarce wag.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (3) In carrying, the boy who stands at the

+horses' heads, to move them forward as required, is said to

+'wag hoss,' and the order given is 'wag on!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Waggon</b>. The various parts of a waggon in N. Wilts bear the

+following names:&mdash;the bottom is the <small>Waggon-bed</small>. The

+transverse pieces which support this over the <small>Exes</small> (axles)

+are the <small>Pillars</small>, <small>Peel</small> (A.). The longitudinal pieces on each

+side on which the sides rest are the <small>Waggon-blades</small>. The

+similar pieces under the centre of the bed are the <small>Bed-summers</small>.

+The cross piece at the back into which the <small>Tail-board</small>

+hooks is the <small>Shetlock</small> or <small>Shutleck</small>. The <small>Tail Pole</small> joins

+the front and hind wheels together underneath. The <small>Hound</small>

+is the fore-carriage over the front wheels. The <small>Slide</small> is the

+cross-bar on the tail of the 'Hound.' The <small>Dripple</small> is the strip

+running along the top of the side of the waggon from which

+over the hind wheels project the <small>Waggon-hoops</small>, and over the

+front wheels the <small>Raves</small>. The shafts are the <small>Dills</small> or <small>Thills</small>.

+The <small>Parters</small> are detached pieces of wood at the side, joining

+the 'Dripple' to the 'Bed.' The <small>Thorough-pin</small> is the pin

+which fastens the 'Waggon-bed' to the 'Carriage.' Also see

+<small>Arms</small>, <small>Hoops</small>, <small>Overlayer</small>, <small>Sharps</small>, <small>Draughts</small>, <small>Limbers</small>,

+<small>Strouter</small>, <small>Ridge-tie</small>, <small>Blades</small>, and <small>Spances</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wagtails</b>. <i>Briza media</i>, L., Quaking Grass.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wag-wants</b>. <i>Briza media</i>, L., Quaking Grass (S.). Also

+<small>Weg-wants</small>, <small>Wig-wants</small>, <small>Wing-Wang</small>, and <small>Wagtails</small>.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wake</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> The raked-up line (broader than a hatch or

+wallow) of hay before it is made up into pooks (<cite>Wild Life</cite>,

+ch. vii).&mdash;N.W. (2) <i>v.</i> To rake hay into wakes (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wake-at-noon</b>. <i>Ornithogalum umbellatum</i>, L., Star of Bethlehem.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[178]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Wallow</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A thin line of hay (<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. iv).

+<i>Weale</i> in Dorset. (2) <i>v.</i> To rake hay into lines.&mdash;N.W.

+<b>Want</b>. A mole (B.S.); also <small>Woont</small> (B.) and 'oont (Wilts Tales,

+p. 173; <cite>Gamekeeper at Home</cite>, ch. ii).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'1620. Itm. to William Gosse for killing of wants, xijd.'&mdash;Records

+of Chippenham, p. 202.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Want-catcher</b>, 'oont-catcher. <i>n.</i> A professional mole

+catcher.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Want-heap</b>. A mole-hill.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Want-rear</b>. A mole-hill.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Waps</b>, <b>Wopse</b>. A wasp (A.S.). A.S. <i>w&oelig;ps</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Warnd</b>, <b>Warn</b>. To warrant (A.S.). 'You'll get un, I warnd.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Warning-stone</b>. See <small>Gauge-brick</small>. Also see <cite>Addenda</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wart-wort</b>. (1) <i>Chelidonium majus</i>, L., The Greater Celandine,

+the juice of which is used to burn away warts.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Euphorbia Peplus</i>, L., Petty Spurge.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wassail</b>. A drinking-song, sung by men who go about at

+Christmas wassailing (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wassailing</b>, <b>Waysailing</b>. Going about singing and asking for

+money at Christmas (A.B.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wasset-man</b>. A scarecrow (A.B.G.H.Wr.); also <small>Wusset</small>

+(H.Wr.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Watch</b>. If a hay-rick is so badly made that it heats, the owner

+is often so ashamed of it that he attempts to set the matter

+right before his neighbours find it out. If a passer-by

+notices him poking about the hay as if searching for something

+in it, the ironical question is asked&mdash;'Have you lost

+your watch there?'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) Cp. 'To drop

+your watch in the bottom of the rick.'&mdash;<cite>Upton-on-Severn

+Words</cite>, p. 34.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Watchet</b>, <b>Wetched</b>, <b>Wetchet</b>. Wet about the feet. <small>Wotshed</small>

+at Cherhill. <small>Wetched</small> (A.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Either way, by lane or footpath, you are sure to get what the

+country folk call "watchet," i.e. wet.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi.</p>

+

+<p>'You'd best come along o' me to the lower lands ... for it be mighty

+wet there these marnins, and ye'll get watshed for certin.'&mdash;<cite>The Story

+of Dick</cite>, ch. xii. p. 142.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[179]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Water Anemone</b>. <i>Ranunculus hederaceus</i>, L., Ivy-leafed Crowfoot.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Water-blobb</b>. <i>Nuphar lutea</i>, Sm., The Water-lily (A.B.).

+See <small>Blobbs</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Water-buttercup</b>. <i>Ranunculus Flammula</i>, L., Lesser Spear-wort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Water-Cuckoo</b>. <i>Cardamine pratensis</i>, L., Lady's Smock. See

+<small>Cuckoo</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Water-lily</b>. (1) <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. *(2) <i>Ranunculus aquatilis</i>, L., Water Crowfoot.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton All Saints.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wayside-bread</b>. <i>Plantago major</i>, L., Plantain (<cite>English Plant

+Names</cite>). Cp. M.E. <i>wey-brede</i> in the 'Promptorium.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weather-glass</b>. <i>Anagallis arvensis</i>, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.

+See <small>Shepherd's Weather-glass</small>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weeth</b>. (i) <i>adj.</i> Tough and pliable (A.B.C.S.).&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>adj.</i> Of bread, moist and yet not too soft. 'I puts my

+lease bread on the pantony shelf, and it soon gets nice and

+weeth.' Often pronounced as <i>wee</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weffet</b>, <b>Wevet</b>. A spider.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weg-wants</b>. See <small>Wag-wants</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weigh-jolt</b>. A see-saw (A.B.H.Wr.).&mdash;Formerly in common

+use at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Welch-nut</b>. A walnut (<cite>MS. Lansd.</cite>).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Well-at-ease</b>. In good health, hearty.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Well-drock</b>. The windlass over a well.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>West</b> (pronounced <i>Waast</i>). A stye in the eye. See <small>Wish</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wheat-reed</b>. Straw preserved unthreshed for thatching (D.).

+See <small>Elms</small> and <small>Reed</small>.&mdash;S.W., obsolete.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[180]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wheeling</b>. 'It rains wheeling,' i.e. hard or pouring.&mdash;N.W.

+(Lockeridge.)

+<b>Whicker</b>, <b>Wicker</b>. (1) To neigh or whinny as a horse,

+bleat as a goat, whine as a dog, &amp;c. (S.; <cite>Village Miners</cite>; <cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 114).&mdash;N.W. (2) To giggle.&mdash;N.W.

+*(3) 'To find a wicker's nest,' to be seized with

+an irrepressible fit of giggling (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Whip land</b>. Land not divided by meres, but measured out,

+when ploughed, by the whip's length (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whippence</b>. The fore-carriage of a plough or harrow, &amp;c. (D.).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whipwhiles</b>. Meanwhile (S.). A Somersetshire word.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whissgig</b>. (1) <i>v.</i> To lark about. Wissgigin, larking (S.).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>n.</i> A lark, a bit of fun or tomfoolery.

+'Now, none o' your whissgigs here!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whissgiggy</b>. <i>adj.</i> Frisky, larky.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>White</b>. 'Cow white'=cow in milk. 'Calf white'=sucking

+calf.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'All the small tithes such as wool and lamb, cow white and calf &amp;c.

+throughout all parts of the parish unexpressed in the several foregoing

+particulars. The usual rates at present being fourpence a cow white&mdash;sixpence

+a calf ... the sheep, lambs and calves are due at St. Mark's

+tide&mdash;the cow white, and fatting cattle at Lammas.'&mdash;<cite>Hilmarton Parish

+Terrier</cite>, 1704. See <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxiv. p. 126.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">Usually defined as above, but perhaps more correctly written

+as <i>cow-wite</i> and <i>calf-wite</i>, i.e. the mulct or payment for a cow

+or calf.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Tythes of Wool and Lambs and Calves, and three half pence which

+is due and payable at Lammas being Composition Money for the Tythe

+White of every Cow.'&mdash;<cite>Wilcot Parish Terrier</cite>, 1704.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">As regards the ordinary derivation, compare <i>white-house</i>,

+a dairy, <i>white-meat</i>, milk, <i>whites</i>, milk.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Wheatly (<cite>On the Common Prayer</cite>, ed. 1848, pp. 233-4) quotes from a

+letter of one G. Langbain, 1650, as follows:&mdash;"certe quod de Lacte

+vaccarum refert, illud percognitum habeo in agro <i>Hamtoniensi</i> (an et

+alibi nescio) decimas Lacticiniorum venire vulgo sub hoc nomine, <i>The

+Whites of Kine</i>; apud Leicestrenses etiam Lacticinia vulgariter dicuntur

+<i>Whitemeat</i>."'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Smythe-Palmer.</span></p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White Couch</b>. See <small>Couch</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[181]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White-flower</b>. <i>Stellaria Holostea</i>, L., Greater Stitchwort.&mdash;N.W.

+(Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>White-house</b>. A dairy (H.Wr.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White-livered</b>. Pale and unhealthy-looking (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.

+At Clyffe Pypard the word has a yet stronger idea of disease

+about it, and a 'white-livered' woman is popularly supposed

+to be almost as dangerous as was the poison-nurtured Indian

+beauty who was sent as a present to Alexander the Great.

+How the 'whiteness' of the liver is to be detected is not

+very clear, but probably it is by the pallor of the face. At

+any rate, if you discover that a young woman is 'white-livered,'

+do not on any account marry her, because the whiteness

+of the liver is of a poisonous nature, and you assuredly

+will not live long with a white-livered young woman for your

+wife. It is most unhealthy, and if <em>she</em> does not die, <em>you</em> will!

+The word is so used of both sexes.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White Robin Hood</b>. <i>Silene inflata</i>, L., Bladder Campion.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White-wood</b>. <i>Viburnum Lantana</i>, L., Mealy Guelder-rose.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) <small>White-weed</small>.&mdash;S.W. (Farley).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Whitty-tree</b>. <i>Viburnum Lantana</i>, L. (Aubrey, <cite>Nat. Hist.

+Wilts</cite>, p. 56, ed. Brit.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whiver</b>. (1) To quiver, hover, flutter. <small>Wiver</small> (S.).&mdash;S.W.

+(2) To waver, hesitate.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Who'say</b>, <b>Hoosay</b>. An idle report.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wicker</b>. See <small>Whicker</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wig-wants</b>. See <small>Wag-wants</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wild Asparagus</b>. <i>Ornithogalum pyrenaicum</i>, L., Spiked Star

+of Bethlehem.&mdash;S.W. (Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wildern</b> (<i>i</i> short). An apple-tree run wild in the hedges, as

+opposed to a true crab-tree.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wild Willow</b>. <i>Epilobium hirsutum</i>, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb

+(<cite>Great Estate</cite>, ch. ii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Will-jill</b>. An impotent person or hermaphrodite.&mdash;N.W.

+Compare <i>Wilgil</i> and <i>John-and-Joan</i> in Hal.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[182]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Willow-wind</b>. (1) <i>Convolvulus</i>, Bindweed (<cite>Great Estate</cite>,

+ch. viii). (2) <i>Polygonum Fagopyrum</i>, L., Buckwheat (<i>Ibid.</i>).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wiltshire Weed, The</b>. The Common Elm. See notice in

+<cite>Athenaeum</cite>, 1873, of Jefferies' <cite>Goddard Memoir</cite>, also <cite>Wilts

+Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. x. p. 160. This is a term frequently

+occurring in books and articles on Wilts, but it would not be

+understood by the ordinary Wiltshire folk.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wim</b>. To winnow.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wind-mow</b>. A cock of a waggon-load or more, into which

+hay is sometimes put temporarily in catchy weather (D.),

+containing about 15 cwt. in N. Wilts, and a ton elsewhere.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wing-wang</b>. See <small>Wag-wants</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Winter-proud</b>. Of wheat, too rank (D.), as is frequently the

+case after a mild winter. See <small>Proud</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wirral</b>, <b>Worral</b>, or <b>Wurral</b>. <i>Ballota nigra</i>, L., Black Horehound.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wish</b>, <b>Wisp</b>. A sty in the eye.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wissgigin</b>. See <small>Whissgig</small> (1).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Withwind</b>, or <b>Withwine</b>. <i>Convolvulus sepium</i>, L., Great Bindweed,

+and other species (A.B.D.S.). <small>Wave-wine</small> or <small>Wither-wine</small>

+(<cite>Cycl. of Agric.</cite>); <small>Withywind</small> on Som. border.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wivel</b>, <b>Wyvel</b>. To blow as wind does round a corner or

+through a hole.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wivelly</b>, or <b>Wivel-minded</b>. Undecided, wavering, fickle, and

+untrustworthy (<cite>Village Miners</cite>).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wiver</b>. See <small>Whiver</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Womble</b>. <i>v.</i> To wobble about from weakness, &amp;c. (<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. iv,

+where it is used of children who come to school without

+having had any breakfast).&mdash;N. &amp;. S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wombly</b>. <i>adj.</i> Wobbly (<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. iv).</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[183]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Wonderment</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A sight or pastime of any kind.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>n.</i> Any occupation that appears fanciful and

+unpractical to the rustic mind. Thus a boy who had a turn

+for inventions, drawing, verse-making, butterfly-collecting,

+or anything else of a similar nature which lies outside the

+ordinary routine of a labourer's daily life, would be described

+as always 'aater his 'oonderments.'&mdash;N.W. (3) <i>v.</i> To play

+the fool, waste time over unprofitable work.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wood-sour</b>. <i>adj.</i> Of soil, loose, spongy. Also <small>Woodsere</small>.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The strong red land on the high level parts of the Downs ... once

+wood-land, and sometimes expressly called "wood-sour" land.'&mdash;<cite>Agric.

+of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii.</p>

+

+<p>'A poor wood-sere land very natural for the production of oaks.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey</span>,

+<cite>Miscell</cite>. p. 211.</p>

+

+<p>'It is a wood-sere country abounding much with sour and austere

+plants.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey</span>, <cite>Nat. Hist. of Wilts</cite>, p. 11, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wood-wax</b>. *(1) <i>Genista tinctoria</i>, L., Dyer's Greenweed

+(D.), Aubrey's <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, pp. 34 and 49, ed. Brit.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W. (2) <i>Genista Anglica</i>, L., Needle Whin.&mdash;S.W.

+(Farley.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wooset</b>. See <small>Houssett</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wooster-blister</b>. A smack in the face or box on the ear.&mdash;S.W.

+(Som. bord.) Cf. Som. <small>Whister-twister</small>, and Dev.

+<small>Whister-poop</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Works</b>. In a water-meadow, the system of trenches and

+carriages by which the water is brought in and distributed

+(<cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, ch. xii).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Worsen</b>. <i>v.</i> To grow worse. 'You be worsened a deal since

+I seen 'ee laast, I d' lot as you bean't a gwain' to live long.'&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wosbird</b>. A term of reproach (A.),=<i>whore's brood</i>. There are

+many variants, as <small>Hosebird</small>, <small>Husbird</small>, and <small>Oozebird</small>. Much

+commoner in Devon.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'They're a couple o' th' ugliest wosbirds in the vair.'&mdash;Wilts Tales,

+p. 89.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="ind2">In his <cite>Dictionary of Provincial English</cite>, Wright defines this

+as 'a wasp,' a mistake too amusing to be passed over!

+Probably his informant heard a rustic who had got into

+a wasp's nest, and been badly stung, 'danging they wosbirds,'<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[184]</a></span>

+and on asking what he meant by 'wosbirds' was told that

+they were the 'wopses,' and not unnaturally concluded that

+the two words were synonyms.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wout</b>. A carter's order to a horse to bear off. The opposite

+to Coom hether.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wrap</b>. <i>n.</i> A thin strip of wood. See <small>Rap</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wrastle</b>. To spread, as cancer, fire, roots, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'These fires are, or were, singularly destructive in villages&mdash;the

+flames running from thatch to thatch, and, as they express it, "wrastling"

+across the intervening spaces. A pain is said to "wrastle," or

+shoot and burn.'&mdash;<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. iv. p. 68.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Wreaths</b>. The long rods used in hurdle-making (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wrick</b>, <b>Rick</b>. To twist or wrench. 'I've bin an' wricked

+me ankly.' M.E. <i>wrikken</i>.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wridgsty</b>. See <small>Ridge-tie</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wrist</b>. To twist, especially used of wringing the neck of

+a rabbit or fowl (<cite>Amateur Poacher</cite>, ch. xi).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wug</b>, <b>Woog</b>. Order to a horse (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wusset</b>. See <small>Wasset-man</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wusted</b>. Looking very ill, grown worse.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Y</b>. Many words beginning with H, G, or a vowel, are usually

+sounded with Y prefixed, as <i>Yacker</i>, acre; <i>Yeppern</i>, apron;

+<i>Yat</i>, or <i>Yeat</i>, gate; <i>Yeldin</i>, a hilding; and <i>Yerriwig</i>,

+earwig.</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">Verbs ending in <i>y</i> often drop that letter. Thus empty

+and study become <i>empt</i> and <i>stud</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">The free infinitive in <i>y</i> was formerly much used, but is

+now dying out. It was used in a general question, as 'Can

+you <i>mowy</i>?' Were a special piece of work referred to,

+<i>mowy</i> would not be correct, the question then being simply

+'Can you <i>mow</i> thuck there me�d?'</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">The following example of the 'free infinitive' is given

+in <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite>:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'There is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs from

+Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for professions&mdash;take<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[185]</a></span>

+an Example. Well Mary, how do you get on in Life? what do you

+and your family do <em>now</em> to get a Living in these times&mdash;Wy Zur we do

+aal vind Zummut to do&mdash;Jan, ye know, he do <i>Smithey</i> [work as a smith]

+Jin the beggist wench do spinney the Little one do Lace makey&mdash;I

+do <i>Chorey</i> [go out as a Chore Woman] and the two Boys do Bird

+keepey&mdash;that is One works as a smith&mdash;one spins one makes Lace one

+goes out as a Chore woman &amp; two are Bird keepers which Latter term

+were more to the purpose if expressed Bird frightener or driver.'</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yap</b>, <b>Yop</b>. (1) To yelp as a dog (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2)

+To talk noisily. 'What be a yopping there for?'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Yard-land</b>. Land sufficient for a plough of oxen and a yard

+to winter them; an ancient copyhold tenure (D.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Yard of land</b>. A quarter of an acre, because formerly, in

+common lands forty poles long, the quarter acre was a land-yard

+wide (D.).&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yea-nay</b>. 'A yea-nay chap,' one who does not know his own

+mind.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yeemath</b>. Aftermath (B.). <small>Youmath</small> (A.B.). <small>Yeomath</small>

+(A.H.Wr.). Probably = <i>young math</i>, cp. <i>young grass</i> in

+W. Somerset. Cp. <small>Ea-math</small>, <small>Ame�d</small> at Cherhill, <small>Ea-grass</small> in

+S. Wilts.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yees</b>. An earthworm. See <small>Eass</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yelding</b>, <b>Yeldin</b>. n. A hilding (A): a woman of bad character

+(<cite>Wilts Tales</cite>, p. 3).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I've allus bin respectable wi' my women volk, and I wun't ha'e no

+yeldin' belongin' to ma.'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. xix.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yellucks</b>. See <small>Hullocky</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yelm</b>, <b>Yelms</b>. See <small>Elms</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Yellow-cups</b>. Buttercups in general.&mdash;S.W. (Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yellow-Thatch</b>. <i>Lathyrus pratensis</i>, L., Meadow Vetchling.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Yoke</b>. See <small>Fork</small> (<cite>Wild Life</cite>, ch. vi).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yop</b>. See <small>Yap</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[186]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>You</b>. This word is often thrown in at the end of a sentence,

+sometimes as a kind of query&mdash;'Don't you think so?'&mdash;but

+usually to give a strong emphasis to some assertion.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'&mdash;<cite>Greene Ferne Farm</cite>, ch. i.</p>

+

+<p>'Fine growing marning, you.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i> ch. i.</p>

+

+<p>'That be a better job than ourn, you.'&mdash;<cite>Hodge and his Masters</cite>, ch. vii.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yuckel</b>, <b>Yuckle</b>. A woodpecker (A.H.Wr.). So called from

+its cry, <i>Yuc</i>, <i>yuc</i>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yaught</b>, <b>Yawt</b>. To swallow, to drink. 'There's our Bill&mdash;he

+can yaught down drenk like anything,' or 'He can

+yaught a deal.'&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Z</b>. Among the old people <i>S</i> is still usually sounded as <i>Z</i>, as

+<i>Zaat</i> or <i>Zate</i>, soft; <i>Zound</i>, to swoon; <i>Zorrens</i>, servings, &amp;c.

+See <i>S</i> for many such instances.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Zaad-paul</b>. This term used to be commonly applied about

+Aldbourne to an utterly good-for-nothing fellow, but is

+gradually dying out now. It probably means 'soft head.'

+See <small>Saat</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Zam</b>. To heat anything for some time over the fire, without

+letting it come to the boil.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Zammy</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A simpleton, a soft-headed fellow (S.).&mdash;S.W.

+*(2) <i>adj.</i> 'Zammy tea,' half-cold, insipid tea.&mdash;N.W.

+(Hullavington.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Zam-zodden</b>. Long-heated over a slow fire, and so half

+spoilt. This and the last two words belong to Som. rather

+than Wilts. A.S. <i>s&#257;m-soden</i>, half boiled.&mdash;N.W. (Malmesbury.)</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[187]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="ADDENDA" id="ADDENDA">ADDENDA</a></h2>

+

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Afterclaps</b>. Consequences, results. <small>Atterclaps</small> (S.).&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All-amang</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Zweethearts, an wives, an children young,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Like sheep at vair, be ael among.'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<span class="smcap">E. Slow</span>, <cite>Smilin Jack</cite>.<br />

+</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>All as is</b>. All there is to be said, the final word in the matter.

+Used when giving a very peremptory order to a labourer to

+carry out your instructions without any further question.

+'Aal as is as you've a-got to do be to volly on hoein' they

+turmuts till I tells 'ee to stop!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Along of</b>. (1) On account of. ''Twer aal along o' she's

+bwoy's bad ways as her tuk to drenk.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (2) In

+company with. 'Here, you just coom whoam along o' I,

+an I'll gie 'ee summut to arg about!'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Aloud</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Altrot</b>. <i>Heracleum Sphondylium</i>, L., Cow-parsnip. See <small>Eltrot</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Zeals.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Apple-scoop</b>. A kind of scoop or spoon, made from the

+knuckle-bone of a leg of mutton, and used for eating apples,

+the flavour of which it is supposed to improve.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>At</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Away with</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[188]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Babes-in-the-Cradle</b>. <i>Scrophularia aquatica</i>, L., Water Figwort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bachelor's Buttons</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(3) <i>Aquilegia vulgaris</i>, L., Garden

+Columbine.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Back-friends</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bag</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bake-faggot</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bannix</b>. To drive away poultry, or to hunt them about. 'Go

+an' bannix they vowls out.' 'Dwon't bannix about they

+poor thengs like that!'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Barley-buck</b>. A boy's game, played by guessing at the number

+of fingers held up.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bash</b>, <b>Bashet</b>. At Harnham, Salisbury, a small raised footpath

+is known as the Bashet, while at Road certain houses

+built on the upper side of a similar footpath, close to the

+boundary line dividing Wilts and Somerset, are spoken of

+as being 'on the Bash.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bay</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bayle</b>. Some plant which we cannot identify.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In this ground [near Kington St. Michael, grows] bayle.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 49, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bee-hackle</b>. The straw covering of a hive. See <small>Hackle</small> (2)&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Belly-vengeance</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Also used of very inferior cider.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bennets</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bird's-eye</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(4) <i>Veronica Buxbaumii</i>, Ten., Buxbaum's

+Speedwell.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bivery</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bleat</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Blicker</b>. To shine intermittently, to glimmer. 'I zeen a light

+a blickerin' droo th' tallot dwoor.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blind-house</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;N. &amp; S.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Blooms</b>. Flushes in the face. 'Ther you knaws as I do allus

+get the hot blooms ter'ble bad.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bolster-pudding</b>. A roly-poly pudding.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[189]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bookin</b>'. See <small>Buck</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bossy</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Boys</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brash</b>, <b>Braish</b>. Of weather, cold and bracing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brashy</b>. Full of small stones and grit. 'Th' vier wer ter'ble

+braishy 'smarnin',' the coal was bad and stony.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Bread-and-Cheese</b>. (3) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Break</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Still used in this sense at Deverill, S.W.

+(2) Of a spring, to rise.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'When the springs doe breake in Morecombe-bottom, in the north

+side of the parish of Broade Chalke, which is seldome, 'tis observed

+that it foretells a deer yeare for corne.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>,

+p. 34, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Breeding-bag</b>. The ovary of a sow.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brevet</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;'Brevettin' into other folks' business.'&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Brimmer</b>. A broad-brimmed hat.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brit</b>, <b>Brittle out</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Broken-mouthed</b>. Children are said to be 'broken-mouthed,'

+when they are losing their teeth.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Broom</b>. 'I bain't a-gwain to hang out the broom,' I intend to

+be very particular as to character, &amp;c., before engaging any

+servants or labourers.&mdash;N.W. (Wedhampton.) In Berks,

+'to hang th' brum out o' winder,' means that the wife is

+away, and so the husband is at liberty to entertain any

+bachelor friends of his who like to drop in.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buck</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;At Deverill 'Bookin'' is used instead, a 'good

+bookin' o' clothes' being a large wash.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buck-hearted</b>. Of cabbages, the same as <small>Crow-hearted</small>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Budget</b>. The leather pouch in which a mower carries his

+whetstone.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Bunt-lark</b>. The Common Bunting.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buttercup</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;N.W. (Huish); S.W. (Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[190]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Butter-flower</b>. <i>Caltha palustris</i>, L., Marsh Marigold.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The watered meadows all along from Marleborough to Hungerford,

+Ramesbury, and Littlecot, at the later end of April, are yellow with

+butter flowers.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 51, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Buzzel-hearted</b>. A cabbage or broccoli plant that has lost its

+eye is said to be 'buzzel-hearted.' Compare <small>Crow-hearted</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Caddling</b>. <i>Under</i> (3) <i>add</i>:&mdash;'A caddlin' place' is one where

+as soon as a servant begins one piece of work he or she is

+called off to another, and can never get a chance of finishing

+anything off satisfactorily.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Call over</b>. To publish the banns.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Callus</b> or <b>Callis</b>. <i>v.</i> To become hard, as soil in frosty weather:

+to cake together (<cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite> vol. xxii. p. 109).&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cank</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(2) <i>n.</i> Idle gossip.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Canker</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Also <small>Cankie</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cankers</b>. 'The baby hev a-got the cankers,' viz. white-mouth

+or thrush.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Carpet</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cart</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chap</b>. <i>Add as example</i>:&mdash;'Hev 'ee zeed how thuck ther ground

+is aal chapped wi' th' dry weather? They chaps be so gashly

+big, the young pa'tridges 'ull purty nigh vall in.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chin-cough</b>. The whooping cough.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chip</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;See Davis's <cite>Agric. of Wilts</cite>, p. 262.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clacker</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) A couple of pieces of wood, rattled together

+to scare birds off the crops.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clam</b>. (1) To over-fill and choke up anything, as a water-pipe.

+The throat sometimes gets quite 'clammed up' with

+phlegm.&mdash;N.W. (2) To surfeit any one with food.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clamp about</b>. To stump about noisily.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[191]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clean-and-wholly</b>. Entirely. ''Tes aal gone clean-an'-wholly

+out o' she's yead!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cleaty</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clinkerballs</b>. Balls of dried dung or dirt in a sheep's wool.&mdash;S.W.

+(Wilton, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cloddy</b>. <i>Add as example</i>:&mdash;'He's a cloddy sart o' a chap.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clogweed</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) <i>Arctium Lappa</i>, L., Burdock.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cludgy</b>. Clingy, sticky; used especially of bad bread.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Collets</b>. Young cabbage plants. A man will say in spring,

+'I got a good lot o' collets, but they bean't cabbages.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Come away</b>. To spring up.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Owing to the long drought [barley] came away from the ground

+at different periods, which will, without doubt, materially injure the

+sample for malting purposes.'&mdash;<cite>Devizes Gazette</cite>, June 22, 1893.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Comical</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Round Warminster everything but a tom-cat

+is <i>he</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Conigre</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Other localities which may be noted are

+Blacklands, Winterbourne Bassett, and Mildenhall. See

+Smith's <cite>Antiq. N. Wilts</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Conks</b>, <b>Conkers</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.) (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Count</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Coward</b>. <i>Dele</i> *, and <i>add</i>:&mdash;Clyffe Pypard.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cow-down</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;On the Ordnance Map there are 'Cow-downs'

+marked at Deverill, Wylye, Steeple Langford, and

+Westbury.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Creeping Jane</b>. <i>Lysimachia Nummularia</i>, L., Moneywort.&mdash;N.W.

+(Heddington.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Creep-mouse</b>. To play 'creep-mouse,' to tickle babies and

+make them laugh.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Criddlin Pudden</b>. A kind of pudding, made of the nubbly

+bits left over when pigs' fleck has been boiled and pounded

+and strained. <i>Crittens</i> in Berks.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[192]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Crutch</b>. (1) A large earthen jar, such as butter is potted

+in. Cf. Critch.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) A cheese-pan.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Cuckoo-pint</b>. <i>Cardamine pratensis</i>, L., Lady's smock.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Daffy</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Devil's-ring</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Devourous</b>. Ravenous.&mdash;N.W. (Berks bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dicky-birds</b>. After S.W. <i>add</i>:&mdash;(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dillcup</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(2) <i>Ranunculus acris</i>, L., Meadow Crowfoot.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton, Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Do</b>. To thrive (used reflexively). 'He does (<i>o</i> pronounced as

+in the infinitive) hissel well, dwon't he?' said of an animal

+that does credit to its owner by the way in which it thrives.&mdash;N.

+&amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Doer</b>. A pig that thrives well, even on poor food, is a 'good

+doer,' while a 'bad doer' refuses to fatten, give it what you

+will.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog, how beest</b>? <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Also used at Deverill, S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dog-in-a-blanket</b>. A roly-poly pudding&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dough-fig</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Down-lanterns</b>. Heaps of chalk, marking the tracks from

+village to village over the downs, to prevent people going

+astray at night.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drashel</b>. <i>Dele</i>:&mdash;As two men generally work together.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Draw-sheave</b>. (Pronounced <i>Draa-sheave</i>.) A wheelwright's

+draw-knife.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Druck</b>. n. 'A druck of people,' a great crowd.&mdash;S.W.

+(Wilton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Drug</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.) (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Drugshoe</small> at

+Deverill, S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Duck's-frost</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Ironically used at Deverill, as, 'Ther'll

+be a frost to-night.' 'Ah, a duck's-frost,' viz. none at all.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[193]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dumble</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Dummil</small> (C.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch-dumpling</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Elm-stock</b> (<i>Yelm-stock</i>). A forked stick for carrying straw for

+thatching.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Enemy</b>. <i>Anemone nemorosa</i>, L., Wood Anemone. So generally

+used in Wilts that it seems advisable to note it, in spite of

+its being a mere corruption.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ent</b>. See <small>Ploughing terms</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Faggot</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Used as a general term of abuse.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Falling</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;This requires some slight modification. 'We'm

+a-gwain to ha' a vallen' seems to be restricted to snow; but

+when there is some doubt as to what sort of weather is

+coming, the phrase would be 'A vallen o' zum zart,' or 'zum

+vallen,' thus covering snow, rain, or hail.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Feggy</b>. Fair.&mdash;N.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Their persons [in North Wilts] are generally plump and feggy.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 11, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fiddler's-money</b>. Small change (threepenny and fourpenny

+bits).&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Fiddle-sticks</b>. <i>Scrophularia aquatica</i>, L., Water Figwort.&mdash;S.W.

+(Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fighting-cocks</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<i>Plantago lanceolata</i>, L., Ribwort Plantain.&mdash;S.W.

+(Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Firk</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flashy heats</b>. Hot flushes, that come and go when one is

+feverish and weak, as a woman after her confinement.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flask</b>. A limp straw-basket used to carry food and tools.

+Used in Glouc.&mdash;S.W., occasionally.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flip</b>, <b>Flip-tongued</b>. Smooth-spoken, glib.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Folly</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;In Berks the word is frequently applied to

+a round clump of fir-trees on a hill.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>For</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Friggle</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)

+*<b>Furze-tacker</b> (<i>Vuzz-tacker</i>). <i>Saxicola rubetra</i>, the Whinchat.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Fussicky</b>. Fussy, fidgetty.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Gallows-gate</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gawley</b>. <i>adj.</i> Patchy: used especially of root-crops that grow

+unequally.&mdash;S.W., in common use.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gay</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) In good health. 'I do veel main gay

+agean 'smarnin', but I wur gashly bad aal laas' wick wi' th'

+rheumatiz.'&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Get out</b>. To 'get out' a drawn or carriage in the water

+meadows is to clean it well out and make up the banks.

+To 'get out' a set of posts and rails is to cut them out

+and prepare them for putting up.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gibbles</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Underground Onions.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gilliflower-grass</b>. <i>Carex glauca</i>, L., and <i>Carex panicea</i>, L.&mdash;N.W.,

+obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In Bradon Forest growes ... a blew grasse they call July-flower

+grasse, which cutts the sheepes mouthes, except in the spring.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 49, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gipsy-nut</b>s. Hips and haws.&mdash;S.W. (near Trowbridge.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Girls</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Good liver</b>. A person who lives an exceptionally good and

+pious life.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Good-living</b>. Leading a very pious life. 'Her wur allus

+a good-living sart o' a 'ooman.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grained</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Grinted</small> in Berks.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gramfer</b> (or <b>Granfer</b>) <b>Grig</b>. A woodlouse. At Deverill, S.W.,

+children try to charm it into curling up, when held in the

+hand, by singing:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Granfer Grig killed a pig,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Hung un up in corner;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Granfer cried and Piggy died,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">And all the fun was over.'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Granny</b> (or <b>Granny's</b>) <b>Nightcap</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(5) <i>Geum rivale</i>,

+L., Water Avens.&mdash;S.W. (Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[195]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Grigger cake</b>. Fine paste spread thin like a pancake, and

+baked on a gridiron over a mass of glowing wood-coals.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ground</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Gubbarn</b>. <i>Dele</i> 'Should not this be <i>adj.</i> instead of <i>n.</i>?' and

+<i>add</i>:&mdash;Also used in Glouc. as a noun.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Guss</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Hack</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;To hoe; frequently used in S. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hackle</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Hackle</small>, and sometimes <small>Shackle</small>, are used

+at Deverill, while elsewhere in S. Wilts <small>Bee-hackle</small> is the

+word employed.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hames</b>. <i>Dele</i> 'in drawing,' and add 'with staples to take the

+traces.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand</b>. (3) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hand-staff</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanging-post</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill), where <small>Har</small> is seldom

+used.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hanglers</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;In Deverill, a hook used for this purpose is

+known as 'a hangles.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Har</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill, occasionally.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Harl</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Hardle</small> is also used in S. Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Harvest-man</b>. A kind of Spider with long legs.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heal</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;A house is said to be 'unhealed,' or uncovered,

+when the thatch has been stripped off by a storm.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hearken-back</b>. To recall.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heartless</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heaver</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;'Van, heavier, caffin or caving rudder, the

+winnowing fan and tackle' (D.).</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hill-trot</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(3) <i>Anthriscus sylvestris</i>, Hoffm., Wild

+Beaked-Parsley.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hitch off</b>. To release horses from work.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[196]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Honey-pot</b>. A children's game, in which one child lifts

+another.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hop-about</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hopped</b>. Cracked, as a boiler, by heat.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Huck down</b>. To beat down in bargaining. 'I hucked un

+down vrom vive shillin' to vower an' zix.' Formerly used

+at Clyffe Pypard, but not known there now.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Huckmuck</b>. (3) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill). <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(4)

+<i>v.</i> To mess about.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hun-barrow</b> (or <b>-barrer</b>). A tumulus.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Hunger-bane</b>. To starve to death. See <small>Bane</small>.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'At Bradfield and Dracot Cerne is such vitriolate earth ... [which]

+makes the land so soure, it bears sowre and austere plants ... At

+summer it hunger-banes the sheep: and in winter it rotts them.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 35, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Idle</b>. Full of fun.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>It</b>. Sometimes used in a peculiar way, as 'We'm best be

+gwain, hadn't it?' or, 'We can aal on us ha' a holiday

+to-day, can't it?'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Jack-and-his-team</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill); also <small>Jack-and-his-team-goin'-to-pit</small>,

+the constellation's motion seeming to

+be from Deverill towards Radstock collieries, as if it were

+a farmer's team going by night to fetch coal thence.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jag</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) 'Wull, to be shower, they chrysantums is

+beautiful! They be aal in a jag!' i.e. all out in large

+heads of flowers.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Jerry-shop</b>. A 'Tommy-shop,' conducted on the truck system,

+now illegal. Much used about Swindon at the time the

+railway was being made there.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Jiffle</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Mr. F. M. Willis writes us that he once heard

+this word used in connexion with a horse, when a bad rider

+who was pulling its head about was told not to jiffle it.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[197]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Job</b>, or <b>Jobble about</b>. To do little jobs. 'I cain't do moor'n

+jobble about now.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>July-flower grass</b>. See *<small>Gillyflower-grass</small>.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Kiss-me-quick</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Lady-cow</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lily</b>, or <b>Lilies</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(3) <i>Ranunculus aquatilis</i>, L., Water

+Crowfoot.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Linnard</b>. A linnet, as 'a brown linnard,' 'a green linnard.'

+Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, where, however, it is obsolete,

+the pronunciation there now being distinctly <i>Linnut</i>. Conversely,

+<i>orchard</i> becomes <i>archet</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Long-winded</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lords-and-Ladies</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;The purple spadices are the 'Lords,'

+and the yellow or very light-coloured ones the 'Ladies.'</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Maggotty-pie</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;At Deverill, thirty years ago, there

+was a nursery rhyme as follows:&mdash;</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Hushaby, baby, the beggar shan't have 'ee,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">No more shall the maggotty-pie;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">The rooks nor the ravens shan't carr' thee to heaven,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">So hushaby, baby, by-by.'<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mandrake</b>. <i>Bryonia dioica</i>, L., White Bryony. The root is

+popularly supposed to be Mandrake.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+Heddington.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mask</b>. To collect acorns. A variant of <i>mast</i>.&mdash;N.W. (Potterne.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Melt</b>. The spleen of a pig, which forms a favourite dish when

+stuffed.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Milkmaid's-Way</b>. The Milky Way.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mimp</b>. To make believe, to sham. 'Look at she a-settin' up

+ther, mimpin'!' idling, playing the fine lady.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Min</b>. An exclamation, used like '<i>snaw</i>, as 'I'll ketch thee,

+min!'=Note that well. See Barnes, <cite>Glossary to Poems</cite>.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[198]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Monkey Must</b>. <i>Melampyrum arvense</i>, L., Cow-wheat.&mdash;N.W.

+(Heddington.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mump</b>. To sulk. 'How ter'ble mumping she do look!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Nammet-bag</b>. A luncheon-bag.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Neck-headland</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Common at Deverill.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Noddy</b>. Weakly, ailing.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nog</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Also used of a lump of cheese, &amp;c.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Not-cow</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nuncheon</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;About Salisbury Nuncheon is between 10

+and 10.30 a.m., and again at 4 p.m., and is a very small

+meal, merely a piece of bread and glass of beer, while

+Nammet is at 12, and is equivalent to dinner.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Off</b>. 'A can't be off puttin' up a covey o' pa'tridges, if so be

+as a goes whoam athert Four-Acre,' i.e. he cannot possibly

+help doing it.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Out</b>. <i>n.</i> The outcome or result of an attempt to do a thing.

+'A offered vor to do some draishin', but a made a ter'ble poor

+out on't,' i.e. he had little to show for his labour.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Parson's nose</b>. A goose's tail, when served up at table.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Peter Grievous</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Children who look as if they thought

+themselves sadly 'put upon' by their elders are said to be

+'Peter-grievous.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Pigs</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;In Berks woodlice are called <i>Church-pigs</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pimple</b>, <b>Pumple</b>. The head. Used by children.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill).</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pisty-poll</b>. A child riding with his legs on your shoulders is

+said to be carried 'a pisty-poll.'&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[199]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><b>Ploughing terms</b>. The first furrows ploughed are those

+'veered out' to mark the 'lands.' On each side of this

+'veering out' furrow a fresh furrow is ploughed, turning

+the earth into it. This is 'topping up,' or 'shutting the

+top up,' and becomes the centre and highest point of the

+'land.' When the 'lands' have been all but ploughed, there

+remains between them a strip, two furrows wide, still unploughed.

+This is 'the Ent,' and is halved by the plough,

+one half being turned up one way, and the other half the

+other way. There remains then a furrow just twice the

+ordinary width. The plough is taken down this, and half

+of it is turned up again on one side, the result being a narrow

+furrow some inches deeper than any other, called the 'Zid-furrer'

+or Seed-furrow.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plumb</b>. 'A plumb man,' an upright man, one who always

+keeps his word.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Polly Dishwasher</b>. <i>Motacilla</i>, The Wagtail.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Pot-hangel</b>. The same as Hanglers, q.v.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Prick-timber</b>. <i>Euonymus Europaeus</i>, L., Spindle-tree.&mdash;N. &amp;

+S.W., obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Prick-timber ... is common, especially in North Wilts. The

+butchers doe make skewers of it,&mdash;because it doth not taint the meate

+as other wood will doe: from whence it hath the name of prick-timber.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 56, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Purry</b>. Turnips sometimes get quite 'purry,' i.e. become

+spongy and bad and full of holes. Perhaps a contraction of

+<i>purrished</i> (perished).&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Quag</b>. <i>n.</i> A shake, a state of trembling. 'He's all of a quag

+with fear.'&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Quean</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quob</b>. (2) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quobble</b>. <i>n.</i> and <i>v.</i> After being a long while at the wash-tub

+a woman's hands are apt to get 'all in a quobble,' or

+'ter'ble quobbled,' that is, shrivelled and drawn and wrinkled

+up. See <small>Sob</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Ramblers</b>. Potatoes left by chance in the ground, which come

+up again the next year.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[200]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rammil-cheese</b>. Cheese made of raw unskimmed milk.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ramp</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) <i>v.</i> To rage, as 'My bad tooth just about

+ramped aal laas' night.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ramping</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(2) Of pain, violent, raging. 'I wur in that

+rampin' pain, I didn't know whur to get to.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rook-worm</b>. A cockchafer grub.&mdash;Obsolete.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'I have heard knowing countreymen affirme that rooke-wormes,

+which the crows and rookes doe devour at sowing time, doe turn to

+chafers.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 67, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Round market</b>. See quotation.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Warminster is exceeding much frequented for a round corn-market

+on Saturday.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 114, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Ruck</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A crease in a stocking, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To crease or wrinkle up. 'My shirt wur aal rucked

+up under my arms, an' I cudden' kip un down nohow.'&mdash;N.W.

+(3) Hence, to rub and gall. 'Thuck ther new boot

+hev a-rucked she's heel ter'ble bad.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Ruddock</b>. <i>Sylvia rubecula</i>, Robin Redbreast. In common use

+at Warminster, though unknown a few miles away.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Rumpled-skein</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Used of a tradesman's books, when

+badly kept and hard to balance.&mdash;N.W. (Glouc. bord.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Sankers</b>, <b>Shankers</b>, or <b>Sinkers</b>. Stockings without feet.&mdash;N.W.

+See <cite>The Scouring of the White Horse</cite>, ch. vi. p. 128.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sar</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(3) To earn. See note on Akerman, in Ellis's

+<cite>English Dialects</cite>, p. 29.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scrinchet</b>. A scrap of food, a shred of stuff, &amp;c.&mdash;N.W. (Huish.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Scroop</b>. (1) <i>n.</i> A saving or miserly person.&mdash;N.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To save up, to screw and scrape.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Seed-furrow</b>. See <small>Ploughing terms</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Serve</b>. See <small>Sar</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shacketty</b>. Ricketty, shaky.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shackle</b>. The straw covering of a hive. A sibilated form of

+<i>Hackle</i>, q.v.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shail</b>. To walk crookedly or awkwardly, to shamble along.&mdash;N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[201]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shame-faced Maiden</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;*(2) <i>Ornithogalum umbellatum</i>,

+L., Spiked Star of Bethlehem.&mdash;S.W. (Little Langford.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shankers</b>. See <small>Sankers</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shatter</b>. To scatter, to sprinkle. 'Shatter th' pepper well

+auver'n, do 'ee!'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shattering</b>. A sprinkling. 'Put just a shatterin' on't.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shirpings</b>. The rough grass and weeds by the river banks,

+which cannot be mown with the scythe, and have to be cut

+afterwards with a sickle.&mdash;S.W. (Salisbury.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Short</b>. Tender. Roast mutton ought to 'eat short.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shreeving</b>. Picking up windfalls, &amp;c., in an orchard.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shrimpy</b>. Shrivelled, poor.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Shrovy</b>. Puny, as 'What a shrovy child!' Cp. <i>Shrievy</i>,

+applied in Hants to stuff with some of the threads pulled

+out.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shucky</b>. Rough, jolty: used of roads when the surface is

+frozen and rutty.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shuffle</b>. To hurry along. 'I wur shufflin' to get whoam avore

+dree.' Cf. <small>Shuffet</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sinkers</b>. See <small>Sankers</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slink</b>. Bad diseased meat.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sloot</b>. To defraud.&mdash;N.W. (Berks bord.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slox</b>, <b>Slocks</b>. (2) To wear out clothes by careless use of

+them. Compare <small>Hock about</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Slut's-farthings</b>. Small hard lumps in badly kneaded bread.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snake-stones</b>. Fossil Ammonites.&mdash;N.W., occasionally still

+used.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'About two or three miles from the Devises are found in a pitt

+snake-stones (<i>Cornua ammonis</i>) no bigger than a sixpence, of a black

+colour.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 45, ed. Brit.</p>

+

+<p>'In this parish [Wootton Bassett] are found delicate snake-stones of

+a reddish gray.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Jackson's</span> <cite>Aubrey</cite>, p. 204.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Snug</b>. Well, in health, comfortable. 'I be main glad to hire

+as your missus be so snug [is doing so well] a'ter her

+confinement.'&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[202]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sob</b>. To sodden with wet. Cf. <small>Sobbled</small>.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Split-house</b>. A joint tenancy?</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Whereas we ... being inhabitants of the town of Marlborough ...

+have ... for many years past, fed and depastured our mares and

+geldings, two to each inhabitant not being certificate men nor split

+houses, in the said earl's Forest of Savernak, &amp;c.'&mdash;1790, Agistment

+Deed as to Savernake Forest, quoted in Waylen's <cite>History of Marlborough</cite>,

+p. 421.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Spray</b>. To splay a sow, when set aside for fattening.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Squailings</b>, <b>Squailens</b>. Ungathered apples.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Staid</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Sometimes applied to an old horse or other

+animal.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stars-and-garters</b>. <i>Ornithogalum umbellatum</i>, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.&mdash;N.W. (Heddington.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Starvation cold</b>. Extremely cold. See <small>Starve</small>.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Steart</b>. (1) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Used at Salisbury by a gas-fitter of the

+small projection turned by the gas-key.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Stipe</b>, <b>Steip</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Steep</small>.&mdash;S.W., still in use about

+Salisbury.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Strikes</b>. Segments of iron for wheel-binding.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stubs</b>. (4) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Studdly</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;also <small>Stoodly</small>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Sucker</b> (<i>Zucker</i>). A spout from the roof.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Summer-folds</b>. Freckles which come in summer time.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Tear</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Mr. Powell writes us that at Deverill this is

+still used of breaking crockery, &amp;c.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teart</b>. (3) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Acrimonious. <i>Tort</i> in Aubrey.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The North Wilts horses, and other stranger horses, when they

+come to drinke of the water of Chalke-river, they will sniff and snort,

+it is so cold and tort.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, pp. 23-24, ed. Brit.</p>

+

+<p>'This riverwater [Chalke stream] is so acrimonious, that strange

+horses when they are watered here will snuff and snort, and cannot

+well drinke of it till they have been for some time used to it.'&mdash;<i>Ibid.</i>

+p. 28.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Terrify</b>. *(3) <i>Add</i>:&mdash;This is a Gloucestershire use of the word.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[203]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Thee and Thou</b>. (1) 'He thee'd and thou'd us,' said of

+a clergyman who was very familiar with his flock.&mdash;S.W.

+(2) <i>v.</i> To abuse violently, to insult a person by addressing

+him in the second person singular. A man complained of

+the way in which his neighbours had been abusing him, the

+climax of it all being reached when they began to 'thee and

+thou' him.&mdash;N. &amp; S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thetches</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;<small>Thatch</small>. <i>Vicia sativa</i>, L.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton.)

+All vetches are known as 'Thetches' or 'Thatches' in Wilts,

+being 'Blue,' 'Yellow,' or 'Red' Thetches according to the

+colour of the flower.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thread-the-needle</b>. A very complicated form of this children's

+game is played at Deverill, under the name of Dred-th'-wold-'ooman's-needle.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Thunder-stones</b>. Nodules of iron pyrites. *<small>Hunder-stones</small>,

+q.v., may be merely a misreading of the MS.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'Thunder-stones, as the vulgar call them, are a pyrites; their fibres

+do all tend to the centre. They are found at Broad Chalke frequently.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span>

+<cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 40, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tine</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;(6) To collect and burn couch and weeds in the

+fields.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'What 'ould thy husband do ... if thee was too vine to turn hay,

+or go tinin' or leazin'?'&mdash;<cite>Dark</cite>, ch. XV.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tippertant</b>. A young upstart.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Trip</b>. A brood or flock, as 'A vine trip o' vowels (fowls).'

+In a MS. in the Bodleian a herd of tame swine is defined as

+a <i>trip</i>, while one of wild swine is a <i>sounder</i>.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Tucky</b>. Sticky.&mdash;S.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Turning-the-barrel</b>. A game in which two children stand

+back to back, locking their arms behind them, and lifting

+each other by turns from the ground.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Under-creep</b>. <i>v.</i> To get the upper hand of by deceit, to overreach

+any one.&mdash;S.W. (Britford and Harnham.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Underground Shepherd</b>. <i>Orchis mascula</i>, L., Early Purple

+Orchis.&mdash;S.W. (Charlton.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unhealed</b>. See <small>Heal</small>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[204]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><b>Vitty</b>. Close, closely. Cp. <i>fitly</i>, Eph. iv. 16.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Warning-stone</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'The bakers take a certain pebble, which they put in the vaulture

+of their oven, which they call the warning-stone: for when that is

+white the oven is hot.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>, p. 43, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Water-sparrow</b>. <i>Salicaria phragmitis</i>, the Sedge Warbler.

+Cp. <small>Brook-sparrow</small>.&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whinnock</b>. To whimper.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Whinnocky</b>. A whinnocky child is one that is always ailing

+and whimpering.&mdash;N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>White-livered</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;S.W. (Deverill.)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Winter-stuff</b>. Winter-greens.&mdash;N.W.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">*<b>Witch-hazel</b>. <i>Ulmus montana</i>, Sm.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>'In Yorkshire is plenty of trees, which they call elmes; but they

+are wich-hazells, as we call them in Wilts.'&mdash;<span class="smcap">Aubrey's</span> <cite>Nat. Hist. Wilts</cite>,

+p. 54, ed. Brit.</p></blockquote>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wrastle</b>. <i>Add</i>:&mdash;Measles, for instance, 'wrastles' all over the

+face very quickly.</p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 hang">*<b>Zwail</b>. To shake about: to swing the arms.&mdash;S.W.

+(Deverill, &amp;c.)</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[205]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="SPECIMENS_OF_DIALECT" id="SPECIMENS_OF_DIALECT">SPECIMENS OF DIALECT</a></h2>

+

+<p>We have thought it advisable to supplement the brief

+examples of folk-talk which will be found in the body of this

+work by a few somewhat longer specimens, which may be

+taken as accurately representing the speech current at the present

+time among the villages in North Wilts. Mr. Slow has

+kindly added a similar specimen for South Wilts. The extracts

+from Akerman exemplify the North Wilts speech of some fifty

+or sixty years ago.</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="LITTLE" id="LITTLE">EXTRACTS FROM THE GENUINE REMAINS OF

+WILLIAM LITTLE</a>.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">By <span class="smcap">J. Y. Akerman</span>.</p>

+

+<p class="center">(From <cite>Wiltshire Tales</cite>, pp. 165-179.)</p>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts.]</p>

+

+<p class="center">I.</p>

+

+<p>There be two zarts o' piple in this here world ov ourn: they as

+works ael day lang and ael the year round, and they as dwon't work

+at ael. The difference is jist a graat a-year, and they as dwon't work

+at ael gets the graat&mdash;that's zartin!</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[206]</a></span></p>

+<p class="center">II.</p>

+

+<p>It's oondervul to me how thengs <em>do</em> move about whenever a body's

+got a drap o' zummut in's yead. Last harrest, a'ter zupper, at th'

+house yander, I walked whoam by myzelf, and zeed the moon and

+the zeven stars dancin' away like vengeance. Then they girt elmen

+trees in the close was a dancin' away like Bill Iles and his mates

+at a morris. 'My zarvice to 'e,' zays I; 'I haups you won't tread

+on my twoes;' zo I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o'

+goin' drough th' geat. Well, when I got whoam, I managed to vind

+the kay-hole o' th' doower&mdash;but 'twas a lang time afore I could get

+un to bide still enough,&mdash;and got up stayers. Massy upon us! the

+leetle table (I zeed un very plain by the light o' th' moon) was

+runnin' round th' room like mad, and there was th' two owld chayers

+runnin' a'ter he, and by and by, round comes the bed a'ter they two.

+'Ha! ha!' zays I, 'that's very vine; but how be I to lay down

+while you cuts zich capers?' Well, the bed comed round dree

+times, and the vowerth time I drowd myzelf flump atop ov un; but

+in th' marnin' I vound myzelf laying on the vloor, wi' ael me duds

+on! I never <em>could</em> make out this.</p>

+

+<p class="center">III.</p>

+

+<p>I've allus bin as vlush o' money as a twoad is o' veathers; but,

+if ever I gets rich, I'll put it ael in Ziszeter bank, and not do as owld

+Smith, the miller, did, comin' whoam vrom market one nite. Martal

+avraid o' thieves a was, zo a puts his pound-bills and ael th' money

+a'd a got about un, in a hole in the wall, and the next marnin' a'

+couldn't remember whereabouts 'twas, and had to pull purty nigh

+a mile o' wall down before a' could vind it. Stoopid owld wosbird!</p>

+

+<p class="center">IV.</p>

+

+<p>Owld Jan Wilkins used to zay he allus cut's stakes when a went

+a hedgin', too lang; bekaze a' cou'd easily cut 'em sharter if a wanted,

+but a' cou'dn't make um langer if 'em was cut too shart. Zo zays I;

+zo I allus axes vor more than I wants. Iv I gets that, well and good;

+but if I axes vor little, and gets less, it's martal akkerd to ax a zecond

+time, d'ye kneow!</p>

+

+<p class="center">V.</p>

+

+<p>Maester Tharne used to zay as how more vlies was cot wi' zugar

+or honey than wi' vinegar, and that even a body's enemies med be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[207]</a></span>

+gammoned wi' vine words. Jim Pinniger zeemed to thenk zo too,

+when a run agin the jackass one dark night. Jem tuk th' beawst

+vor th' devil, and cot un by th' ear. '<i>Zaat's yer harn, zur</i>' (Soft's

+your horn, sir), zays Jem.</p>

+

+<p class="center">VI.</p>

+

+<p>Old Iles was drunk vor dree days together last Lammas, and a laid

+down by the doower, and wanted zomebody to hauld un. When they

+axed if a'd ha' a leetle drap mwore, a'd zeng out, 'Noa, noa, I won't

+ha' a drap.'&mdash;'Do'e,' zaid they,&mdash;'do'e ha' a drap mwore.'&mdash;'Noa,

+I won't, not a drap,' a grunted. At last another tried un, and then

+th' owld bwoy cried out, 'Noa, I can't get a drap mwore down m';&mdash;drow't

+auver m'veace!'</p>

+

+<p class="center">VII.</p>

+

+<p>Measter Goddin used to zay as how childern costed a sight o' money

+to breng um up, but 'twas all very well whilst um was leetle, and

+zucked th' mother, but when um begun to zuck the vather, 'twas

+nation akkerd.</p>

+

+<p class="center">VIII.</p>

+

+<p>Measter Cuss, and his zun Etherd, went to Lonnun a leetle time

+zence; and when um got to their journey's ind, Measter Cuss missed

+a girt passel a carr'd wi' un to th' cwoach. 'Lor', vather!' zays

+Etherd, 'I zeed un drap out at 'Vize!' (Devizes.)</p>

+

+<p class="center">IX.</p>

+

+<p>When I was a young man I had a dog, a precious 'cute un a was

+too! A'd catch a hare like a grayhound. I've cot a scare o' rabbuts

+wi' him in one night. By and by zomebody zays to the kippur, thuck

+William's got a dog as plays th' devil wi' ael th' game. Zo th' kippur

+comes up to m' one day, and zays, zays he, 'Maester Little, thuck

+dog o' yourn's a bad un; a gwos huntin', I'm towld.' 'Lar bless'e!'

+zays I, 'a wou'dn't harm a mouse, that a wou'dn't.'&mdash;'Dwon't

+b'lieve it!' zays he. 'Come along wi' I by thuck copse yonder.'&mdash;Zo

+as us walked alang, up jumps a hare and away a scampers.

+'Hollo! hollo!' zays I to the dog, but a slunk behind m' <em>di</em>rectly

+wi's tail between's legs. 'Ha!' zays th' kippur, 'I b'lieves 'e now,

+Little. Them as zays your dog hunts be liars, that's zartin. I'll

+be cussed if I dwon't thenk a's vrightened o' th' game, that I do!'

+and zo a walked away, and wished m' good marnin'.&mdash;'Zo, ho!'<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span>

+thought I; 'you be 'nation 'cute, you be, Maester Kippur. If

+instead o' "<i>hollo</i>!" I'd a cried "<i>coom hedder</i>!" a'd a run a'ter thuck

+hare like mad!'</p>

+

+<p>[<i>Note.</i>&mdash;The point of this story is that the poacher's dog had been

+trained to understand the usual orders in <i>exactly the opposite sense</i>,

+as the Devonshire smugglers' horses were in old days. Thus, the

+more a smuggler called on his horse to stop, when he was challenged

+by an Excise officer, the faster it would gallop off, the owner all the

+while apparently endeavouring to check it but really urging it on.

+See Mrs. Bray's <cite>Description of Devon</cite>.]</p>

+

+<p class="center">X.</p>

+

+<p>'How far d'e cal't to Zirencester, my friend?' zays a Cockney

+genelman one day to owld Pople, as a wor breakin' stwones on th'

+road. 'Dwont kneow zich a please,' zays he, scrattin's yead, 'never

+yeard on't avore!'&mdash;'What!' zays the genelman, 'never heard

+o' Zirencester?'&mdash;'Noa,' zays he, 'I aint.'&mdash;'Why, it's the next

+town.' 'Haw! haw!' zays Pople; 'you means <i>Ziszeter</i>; why

+didn't'e zay so? it's about vower mile off.'&mdash;He was a rum owld

+customer, thuck owld Pople. One day zomebody axed un how var't

+was to Ziszeter. 'Ho! dree miles this weather.' (It was nation

+dirty and slippy.) 'Why so?' zaid the man to'n; 'Ho, it's about

+two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey, like this, we

+allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="HARNET" id="HARNET">THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">By J. Y. Akerman.</span></p>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts.]</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">A Harnet zet in a hollow tree,&mdash;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">A proper spiteful twoad was he,&mdash;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">And a merrily zung while a did zet<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">His stinge as zharp as a baganet,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">'Oh, who's zo bowld and vierce as I?&mdash;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">I vears not bee, nor wapse, nor vly!'<br /></span>

+<span class="i4"><i>Chorus</i>&mdash;Oh, who's zo bowld, etc.<br /></span>

+<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[209]</a></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">A Bittle up thuck tree did clim',<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">And scarnvully did luk at him.<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zays he, 'Zur Harnet, who giv' thee<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">A right to zet in thuck there tree?<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Although you zengs so nation vine,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">I tell'e it's a house o' mine.'<br /></span>

+<span class="i4"><i>Chorus</i>&mdash;Although you zengs, etc.<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">The Harnet's conscience velt a twinge,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">But growin' bould wi' his long stinge,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zays he, 'Possession's the best law,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zo here th' shasn't put a claw.<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Be off, and leave the tree to me:<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">The Mixen's good enough vor thee!'<br /></span>

+<span class="i4"><i>Chorus</i>&mdash;Be off, and leave, etc.<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Just then a Yuccle passin' by<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Was axed by them their cause to try.<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">'Ha! ha! it's very plain,' zays he,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">'They'll make a vamous nunch for me!'<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.<br /></span>

+<span class="i4"><i>Chorus</i>&mdash;His bill was zharp, etc.<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i12"><span class="smcap">Moral.</span><br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">All you as be to law inclined,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">This leetle story bear in mind;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">For if to law you ever gwo,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">You'll vind they'll allus zarve'e zo;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">You'll meet the vate o' these 'ere two:<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">They'll take your cwoat and carcass too!<br /></span>

+<span class="i4"><i>Chorus</i>&mdash;You'll meet the vate, etc.<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="signature">

+From <cite>Wiltshire Tales</cite>, pp. 96-97.<br />

+</p>

+

+<p>[A phonetic version of this song, representing the Chippenham

+dialect, will be found at pp. 28, 29 of Ellis's <cite>English Dialects&mdash;their

+Sounds and Homes</cite>, where it is pointed out that <i>stinge</i> (with <i>g</i> soft)

+appears to have been invented by Akerman for the sake of the rhyme

+here.]</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[210]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="VARGESES" id="VARGESES"><i>From</i> THE VARGESES.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center"><span class="smcap">By J. Y. Akerman.</span></p>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts.]</p>

+

+<p>'Now, do'e plaze to walk in a bit, zur, and rest'e, and dwont'e

+mind my measter up agin th' chimley carner. Poor zowl an hin,

+he've a bin despert ill ever zence t'other night, when a wur tuk

+ter'ble bad wi' th' rheumatiz in's legs and stummick. He've a bin

+and tuk dree bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll be whipped if a do

+simbly a bit th' better var't. Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be

+ael in zich a caddle, ael alang o' they childern. They've a bin

+a leasin, and when um coomed whoame, they ael tuk and drowed

+the carn ael among th' vire stuff, and zo here we be, ael in a muggle

+like. And you be lookin' middlinish, zur, and ael as if'e was

+shrammed. I'll take and bleow up th' vire a mossel; but what

+be them bellises at? here they be slat a-two! and here's my yeppurn

+they've a'bin and scarched, and I've a-got narra 'nother 'gin Zunday

+besepts thisum!'&mdash;<cite>Wiltshire Tales</cite>, pp. 137-8.</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="WIVES" id="WIVES">THOMAS'S WIVES.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]</p>

+

+<p>'Lawk aw! if 'tean't Thomas! and how be you? I han't seen 'ee

+fur a lenth o' time.&mdash;An' they tells I as you've a got a new missis

+agean! That's the vowerth, yun it?'</p>

+

+<p>'Ees, I 'spose te-uz. Thur, didden sim right 'snaw wi'out a 'ooman

+down thur, 'tes sich a girt gabborn place thuck wold house. Do zim

+zart o' unkid to bide thur by yerself. 'Tes so lonesome, perticler

+night-times. Thur yun't narra naighber aniest 'ee, an' if a body wur

+ill ur anythin' o' that, 'tud be just about a job 'snaw.'</p>

+

+<p>'An' do the new missis shoot 'ee main well?'</p>

+

+<p>'Aw thur, I ban't got nothen to zaay agen th' 'ooman. Th'

+'ooman's wull enough as fur as I knaaws on. Her's a decent staid

+body 'snaw. 'Tean't likely as I wur a gwain to hae no hans wi' none

+o' they giglettin' wenchen&mdash;they got so many 'oonderments to 'em

+when they be so young.'</p>

+

+<p>'An' 'cordin' as I da hire tell on't her've a got a bit o' money

+saved, haven' her?'</p>

+

+<p>'O' course her got summat 'snaw, but Lor' bless 'ee! tean't nothen

+near as much as vawk says for.'</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span></p>

+

+<p>'Wull, 'tean't no odds to I, but they was a zaayin' up at public

+as aal your wives had zummut when they come to you; an' they did

+zaay as you must ha' made a main good thing out on't wi' one an'

+tother on em!'</p>

+

+<p>'What good is it to hearken to they? I tell 'ee what 'tes&mdash;What

+wi' bringin' on 'em in an' carr'n on 'em out, 'tean't but <i>vurry</i> leetle

+profit to't!'</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="MANSLAUGHTER" id="MANSLAUGHTER">MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Devizes.]</p>

+

+<p><i>Counsel.</i> What do you know about this case?</p>

+

+<p><i>Witness.</i> What do 'ee zaay? I be zo hard o' hirin', I caan't hire

+nothen, wi'out I comes handier to 'ee.</p>

+

+<p><i>Counsel.</i> What did you see the prisoner do?</p>

+

+<p><i>Witness.</i> Aw! I tell'd 'ee avore as I zeed it aal. I wurden no

+furder awaay vrom un then I be vrom thuck owld gent thur [the

+Judge]. Bill Stevens he come out an' a zaays, zaays he, 'I'll bre�k

+thee mazzard vor the'!' an' a offer'd to hit un wi' a graft as he wur

+a carr'n. An' Jim he up wi' he's showl an' hut un auver th' yead

+wi't. An' if <em>he</em> hadden a hut he, he'd a hut <em>he</em>, an' if he'd a hut <em>he</em>

+as <em>he</em> hut he, he'd a killed <em>he</em>, 'sted o' <em>he</em> killin' he! That's aal as I

+knaws on't!</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="ETHERD" id="ETHERD">HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Hilmarton.]</p>

+

+<p>Etherd he bin sart o' rough fur this long time, wuver he never bin

+not to say well since he wur bad wi' the influenzy las' year. A

+ketched a cowld the day as thuck rain wur. A wur up at hill wi' the

+ship out in the bleat, an' a cudden get into the succour nowur, and

+vor aal as he wur droo wet he wur foc'd to bide in't aal day. An'

+when a cum whoam at night a says to I, 'Mary,' a says, 'I feels

+<i>ter'ble</i> middlin'. I got a mind to ha' a bit o' zupper an gwo to bed.'

+Wull, I got un out the berd an' cheese out o' the panterny, but do

+you thenk as he cud yeat or a mossel on't? not if anybody had

+a gied he the <i>wurld</i>, a cudden't, a said. An' a simmed zart o'

+shrammed wi' the cowld, an' a did kip on a coughin a'ter he got into

+bed, and simmin to I a never stopped till the clock hut dree, and then

+that rampin pain cum on at such a rate in hes zide, as he didden<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[212]</a></span>

+knaw wur to get to, nur what to do. An' that follered on aal day,

+and I cudden get un to take next akin to nothin', and allus a wantin

+summut to drenk. That wur aal he's cry. Thur I made <i>shower</i> as

+he'd a died avore the doctor come. Bill he went in to fetch un, but

+a never come till Vriday aaternoon, and a said as he'd a got the

+pewresy and he'd send un along a bottle o' medecine, but Etherd

+he wudden take it 'snaw, fur a said twern't nuthen in <i>this wurl</i>' but

+a drop o' water wi' some peppermint in't or summat o' that. An'

+Sally Moore her come in wi' some hoss-fat as come out o' thuck owld

+hoss o' Mas' John's as vull in the pit, an' her 'suaded I to rub some o'

+that into un, an' that sim to do he more good bless 'ee thun aal the

+doctor's medecine. Wuver the doctor he come agean isterday marnin',

+and a axed un how a wur. An' a spawk up bless 'ee and telled un

+straight as twern't nor a mozzel o' good fur he to zend no more o'

+thuck stuff as he zent avore, fur a zaid as twern't wuth a louse's liver!

+The doctor he didden like ut vurry well, but a telled I as he'd channge

+it, an' zo a did. A let the bwoy ride back along wi' un, an' a brought

+back this yer bottle wi' summat wrote on't. But thur I bean't no

+scholard, and the bwoy he cudden rade it, but a zaid as the doctor

+tell'd he as a wurden to take but one spoonvull on't once in vower

+hours. Zo I gied un a dawse, but he 'suaded I to gie un two spoonvulls,

+and I'll warn as a hadden a took ut <i>vive</i> minutes avore twer <i>aal

+awver'n&mdash;back, bully, an' zides</i>! Now that's what I caals zome o' the

+right zart that, and I got faith as that'll do he good!</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="GWOIN" id="GWOIN">GWOIN' RAYTHER TOO FUR WI' A VEYTHER.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]</p>

+

+<p>My veyther now, he never 'oudden yeat none o' this here Hostilian

+me�t nor nuthen o' that. I axed un one day why a 'oudden, and

+a zes, 'Do meak I shrill, the vurry <em>sight</em> on't do&mdash;they tells I as't do

+come vrom wur the War is, an' 'tes made o' souldiers a pretty deal

+on't. Wuver nobody shan't 'suade I to hae none on't.' And he 'oudden,

+bless 'ee! not if you was to gie un <em>ever</em> so!</p>

+

+<p>Wull, my brother Jim, he kneowed this o' course, an' he do most

+in general ax veyther an' mother an' aal on us to come to zupper wi'

+he about Christmas time&mdash;he wur allus vurry good for anything o'

+that&mdash;an' laas' year aal on us had a zot down to zupper, an' ther wur

+a girt pie at Jim's end, an' Sarah her had a piece o' biled bif&mdash;ur wur

+'twer mutton I caan't rightly mind&mdash;wuver dwon't meak no odds as

+I kneows on which twer&mdash;an' Jim he zes to veyther, 'Veyther, which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[213]</a></span>

+be a gwain to hae, some o' this here pie ur some o' thick biled bif as

+Sally got down tother end?' An' veyther zes, 'What's the pie

+made on then?' An' Jim he zes, ''Tes mutton, yunnit, Sally?' 'Aw,'

+zes veyther, 'I wur allus <i>ter'ble</i> vond o' mutton pie, an' our Mary her

+never 'oon't gie I none on't at whoam.'</p>

+

+<p>Zo veyther he had a plate vull on't, an' a begun a gettin' this yer

+pie into un at a <i>terrible</i> rate, an' when a done, Jim zes, 'What be

+gwain at now, veyther? Wull 'ee channge yer mind an' hae some o'

+tother?' 'No,' zes veyther, 'I'll hae some more o' thuck pie. I caals

+it oncommon good. I dwont knaw when I've a teasted anythen as

+I likes better'n thuck pie.' An' a did jist about enjoy hesself, bless 'ee,

+awver's zupper.</p>

+

+<p>An' when a done, Jim zes, 'Veyther,' a zes, 'Do 'ee kneow what

+thuck pie wur made on?' 'Noa,' zes veyther, 'I dwont, any more'n

+you zed as 'twer me�d o' mutton, didden 'ee? Let it be whatever

+'twill, 'twer uncommon good.'</p>

+

+<p>An' Jim he looks at un zart o' comical, an' a zes, 'Veyther, 'twer

+me�d o' some o' thuck Hostilian meat as you zed as nobody shudden

+'suade 'ee to yeat none on!'</p>

+

+<p>An' zimmin to I veyther's feace turned zart o' aal colours, and a zes,

+'Lawk a massey! dwon 'ee tell I that, ur I shall drow't aal up agean!'

+An' none on us dursen zaay no more to un, a look'd so guly, we was

+aveard as he 'ood.</p>

+

+<p>But aater 'bout a haaf an hour Jim he zes, 'Veyther, an' how d'ee

+feel now?' An' veyther zes, 'Aw, 'tes better now,' but a zes, 'I thenk,'

+a zes, 'as this here is a gwoin' rayther too fur wi' a veyther!'</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="NOTHEN" id="NOTHEN">NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]</p>

+

+<p>'Tes allus a caddlin' zart of a job takin' they fat beasties to Swinnun

+Market, but dall'd if ever I had such a doin' wi'em afore as 'twer

+isterday. 'Twer thuck thur white-veaced un as Measter bought off

+a ole Collins laas' yer as done it. I'd a nauticed as he wur a pankin'

+tur'ble as we was a gwain up the hill, an' as zoon as iver he got

+vorright the Red Lion he 'oudden go no furder,&mdash;an' thur a wur led

+down in the middle o' the strit. Thur yun't nothen as I likes wusser'n

+that, bless 'ee! Thur be such a sight o' 'oondermentin' chaps a gaapsin'

+about thur allus, a body caan't bide quiet nohow fur their maggots.

+And then if 'ee ses arra word to 'em they puts 'ee in the <i>Noos</i>, an'

+that's wussern' aal on't! Thuck girt gaapus Bill Wilkins come up,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[214]</a></span>

+an' a begun a laafin' at I, an' a axed wur I'd a slep on the rwoad laas'

+night.&mdash;Dall'd if I hadden a mine to ha' gien he what-for thur-right,

+if't hadden a bin fur the narration as they'd a made on't. A wur

+allus a terrible voolhardy zart of a chap, an' I niver coudden away wi'

+a lot o' that 'oondermentin'. Simmin to I I'd zooner walk ten mile

+roun' than hae to stan up in 'Ootton strit like a vool wi' they chaps

+a terrifyin' on 'ee.</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="PUTTEN" id="PUTTEN">PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[South Wilts: Wilton.]</p>

+

+<p>Wen Zal Slatter coorteed Jim Bleak he wur under carter, an' she

+wur maid a ael wuk up at Hill Varm. Zoo thay 'greed ta putt up tha

+banns unbeknown to their measter an' missus. Wen Varmer comed

+out a chirch thic Zundy a gooes straight inta kitchen wur Zal wur

+cookin' a girt laig a mutten var dinner, an a zaays, 'Zal,' a zaays,

+'Wur that thee an' Jim I yeard caal'd whoam bit now?' 'I 'specs

+'twur, measter,' zaays Zal. 'Why, wat in tha wordle diss thee want

+ta get married var? Hassen a got a good whoam, a good bade ta

+sleep on? an' a good laig a mutten ta zet down to wen bist 'ungry?'

+'O eece, measter,' zaays Zal, 'I knaas ael that, bit did 'ee ever know

+a wench as hooden gie up a laig o' mutten var a whole man?'</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<span class="smcap">E. Slow.</span><br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="CANNINGS" id="CANNINGS">THE CANNINGS VAWK.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]</p>

+

+<p>I niver wur at Cannin's but once as I knaws on, an' that wur when

+Mr. Jones wur alive. I went awver wi' he to Cannin's Veast. I mind

+thur wur a lot on 'em thur from Ca'an [Calne] as wur a tellin' up zuch

+tales as was never about the Cannin's vawk. The' tell'd I as zome on

+'em got up the Church tower, and dunged that thur&mdash;what is it?&mdash;a-top

+o' the tower, to make un grow as big as the spire. I never

+he-ard tell o' zuch a thing! Should 'ee iver thenk as 'twer true? An'

+the' tell'd I as 'twern't but a vurry veow years ago as zome on 'em

+hired as ther wur a comut ur what 'ee caals ut, to be zeed in 'Vize

+market-place, an' pretty nigh aal Cannin's went in thur to zee un,

+an' niver thought o' lookin' to zee wur they cudden zee un at whoam.

+What some girt stups they must a bin! An' thur wur a cooper ur

+zummat o' that, as cudden putt th' yead into a barr'l; an' a tell'd he's

+bwoy to get inside and howld un up till he'd a vastened un. An'<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[215]</a></span>

+when a done the bwoy hollered out droo the bung hawl, 'How be I

+to get out, veyther?'&mdash;That bit tickled I, bless 'ee! moor'n aal on't!

+Arterwards one on 'em axed I if thur wurden a Cannin's girl in sarvice

+at our place; an' I zes 'I b'lieve as 'tes.' An' a zes, 'Do 'ee iver zaa

+<i>Baa</i>! to she?' An' I zes 'Noa, vur why should I zaay <i>Baa</i>! to she?'

+An' a zes 'You should allus zaay <i>Baa</i>! to a body as comes vrom

+Cannin's.' 'Wull,' I zes, 'I shudden like to zaay <i>Baa</i>! to any body

+wi'out I know'd the rason on't.' An' then a tell'd I as the' had a

+tiddlin' lamb as wur ter'ble dickey, an' the' putt un into th' o-ven, to

+kip un warm' an' shut un in an' forgot aal about un, an lef' un in

+thur. An' when the' awpened the o-ven agean a wur rawsted droo!&mdash;Wull,

+I come whoam, an' niver thought nothen more on't fur a

+lenth o' time, till one daay as I wur a workin' in the garden, measter

+an' missus wur out, an' the girls come out an' begun a 'oondermentin'

+an' terrifyin' I. An' aal at once this yer shot into my mind, an'

+I looks up at the cook an' I zes, '<i>Baa</i>!' But her didden take no

+nautice, an' a went on chatterin'. An' I zes '<i>Baa</i>!' agean. An' that

+put her pot on, bless 'ee! at a terrible rate, an' she zes to I, 'Who be

+<em>you</em>'&mdash;she zes,&mdash;'to zaay <i>Baa</i>! to I?' An' wi' that they boath on 'em

+went auf in-a-doors, an' they niver come a meddlin' wi' I agean fur

+a long whiles.</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="LUNNON" id="LUNNON">LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]</p>

+

+<p>Thur's our Bill, 'snaw&mdash;I had a main job to get he to gwoa. He bin

+a walkin' wi' thuck ginger-headed wench o' Smith's&mdash;a wur terrible

+took up wi' she a bit back, an' her bin a 'suading he to putt up the banns.

+A never zed nothen to I about ut, nit I never zed nothen to he not afore

+laas' Vriday wick, an' then there wur a word or two, and I zes to un,

+'What's thee want wi' a wife? Thee's got no more 'casion wi' a wife

+than a twoad has wi' a zide-pawket'&mdash;I zes&mdash;'an' ef thee'se be

+a-gwain to hae she thee can plase theeself, but thee shasn't never

+hannel narra penny piece o' mine ef thee does! An' ther's Shusan's

+brother-law up a Lunnon, as hev a axed the' <i>times</i> to gwo up, an' he'd

+vine the' a pleace wur the' meds't do well.&mdash;Why dwon't 'ee teak an'

+gwo, 'stid o' loppettin' about at whoam wi' a wench as yun't narra

+mossel o' good fur cheese-makin' nur nothen else 'cept 'tes to look

+vine in thuck new hat o' shis'n?'&mdash;Them was my words to un, an' he

+wur zart o' dubous wur a'd gwo ur wur a 'oodden: but I sticks it into

+un as Lunnon wer far afore any wife, let ut be who 'twill. An' zo<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[216]</a></span>

+a zed a 'oodden bide yer no longer, fur ef a did her'd never let un gwo.

+An' a started awf thur-right, an' I han't a hired from un wur a likes

+it or wur a dwon't.</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+E. H. G.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<h3><a name="KITCHEN" id="KITCHEN">KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY.</a></h3>

+

+<p class="center">[North Wilts.]</p>

+

+<div class="cpoem"><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Our Jess wur cwoortin' Polly:<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Her gwoed an' kitched th' plague.<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">'Zo cwoortin's wusser'n volly,'<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Zes Jess, 'an' I'll renage!'<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Zes Polly, 'Dang thee buttons!<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Thee gwo an' blaw thee's nause!<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Zo zhure as zhip be muttons,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Th' dain be in thee's claus!'<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Martal aveard wur Jesse,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">An' tuk an' hiked it whoam.<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">'Bin in my claus 'tes,' zes 'e,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">'I'll make a bonvire aw'm!'<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Zo off a zoon tuk aal claus,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Vrom sankers up ta zmock,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Vur weskit, cwoat an' smaal-claus,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">An' putt 'em in a cock.<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">Jess wur a vool, but Lawksies!<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Thur's zights aw'm wusser'n <em>he</em>!<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">It minds I o' Guy Vawks's,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Thuck vire o' he's to zee!<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">'Twur down in veyther's archet,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">A gashly smother 'twur,<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">Vor when you comes to scarch it,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">Thur be a zim to vur!<br /></span>

+</div><div class="stanza">

+<span class="i0">But 'twern't no zart o' use on't,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">A zoon beginned to sneeze&mdash;<br /></span>

+<span class="i0">An' when I hires moor news on't,<br /></span>

+<span class="i2">I'll tell 'ee how a be's!<br /></span>

+</div></div>

+

+<p class="signature">

+G. E. D.<br />

+</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[217]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="APPENDIX_I" id="APPENDIX_I">APPENDIX I</a></h2>

+

+<p class="center">A Bibliography of Works relating to Wilts or

+illustrating its Dialect.</p>

+

+

+<p>Most of the works comprised in the following list have lately

+been read through, and compared with our own <cite>Glossary</cite>, and

+references to many of them will be found in the foregoing

+pages. Some may contain a more or less comprehensive Wiltshire

+Glossary; others only a few words. Some belong absolutely

+to our own county; others merely to the same group of

+dialects. But all are of value as bearing on the subject. The

+Berks, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, and Somerset Glossaries of

+course contain a large proportion of words and uses that are

+either absolutely identical with ours, or vary but slightly therefrom,

+while such works as <cite>Amaryllis, Dark, Lettice Lisle</cite>, and

+<cite>Jonathan Merle</cite> on the one side, and <cite>Old Country Words</cite> and

+<cite>English Plant-names</cite> on the other, are full of examples and

+illustrations of the South-Western Folk-speech. Even where

+their scene is laid somewhat outside the borders of Wilts

+itself, the dialect, with but trifling alterations, would pass

+as ours.</p>

+

+<p class="p2 hang"><cite>S. Editha, sive Chronicon Vilodunense</cite>, im Wiltshire Dialekt, aus

+MS. Cotton. Faustina B III. Herausgegeben von <span class="smcap">C. Horstmann</span>.

+Heilbronn: Gebr. Henninger, 1883. A handy

+reprint of this fifteenth century <cite>Chronicle</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Parochial Antiquities</cite> attempted in the History of Ambroseden,

+Burcester, and adjacent parts in Oxford and Bucks. By

+Bishop <span class="smcap">Kennett</span>, 1695. Reprinted 1816 and 1818. Contains

+a few Wilts words. See <cite>Five Reprinted Glossaries</cite>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[218]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Lansdowne MSS.</cite>, 935-1042, British Museum. By Bishop

+<span class="smcap">Kennett</span>. Also contain some Wilts words.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Natural History of Wiltshire.</cite> By <span class="smcap">John Aubrey</span>. (1656-91).

+Edited by <span class="smcap">John Britton</span>. London, 1847.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey.</cite> (1659-70).

+Edited by Rev. <span class="smcap">John Edward Jackson</span>. London and

+Devizes, 1862.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Other works and MSS. by John Aubrey.</cite></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in North Wilts.</cite> An

+eighteenth century MS. Vocabulary, fully dealt with in

+Appendix II as <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Provincial Glossary.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Francis Grose</span>. Second edition,

+1790. Out of the twenty-eight words which Britton marks

+as given in Grose, only the following are credited to Wilts

+in this edition:&mdash;<i>Allemang, Carriage, Contankerous, Dewsiers,

+Drowning-bridge, Dudge, Grom</i> or <i>Groom, Huff, Leer, Lowle-eared,

+Quirking, Rudderish</i>, and <i>Wasset-man</i>. The remainder

+(<i>Aneust, Axen, Beet, Bochant, Daddock, More, Quamp, Quarr,

+Quilt, Quop, Skiel, Sleepy, Tail-ends, Tallet</i>, and <i>Tid</i>) are not

+there assigned to Wilts; but as Britton may very possibly

+have found them so localized in the revised 1811 edition,

+which we have not had an opportunity of consulting, we add

+(G.) to the whole of them, on his authority.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wilts, with

+observations on the means of its improvement.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Thomas

+Davis</span> of Longleat, Steward to the Marquess of Bath. London,

+1794. An Agricultural Report or Survey, afterwards

+much enlarged. The author died in 1807.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>General View of the Agriculture of Wiltshire.</cite> Drawn up for the

+consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement.

+By <span class="smcap">Thomas Davis</span>. London, 1809. New

+editions, 1811 and 1813. An enlarged and revised reprint

+of the <cite>Agricultural Report</cite>, edited by the Author's son. Contains

+an interesting Glossary of Agricultural Terms, arranged

+under subjects, as <i>Soils</i>, <i>Barn Process</i>, <i>Implements</i>, &amp;c., at

+pp. 258-268; also a few additional words in the body of

+the work.</p>

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[219]</a></span></p>

+<p class="hang"><cite>Arch�ological Review</cite>, March, 1888, vol. i, No. 1, pp. 33-39.

+Contains a reprint of Davis's <cite>Glossary</cite>, with notes by Professor

+Skeat, rearranged alphabetically, a few words and

+phrases being omitted as general or legal.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Some Specimens of the Provincial Dialect of South Wiltshire.</cite> By

+'<span class="smcap">Mark</span>.' <cite>Monthly Magazine</cite>, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii,

+p. 114. Noted in the Preface to <cite>Five Reprinted Glossaries</cite>.

+See Appendix III.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Topographical and Historical Description of the County of Wilts.</cite>

+By <span class="smcap">John Britton</span>. London, N.D. [1814?]. Vol. xv of '<cite>The

+Beauties of England</cite>.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Beauties of Wiltshire</cite>, displayed in Statistical, Historical,

+and Descriptive Sketches, &amp;c. By <span class="smcap">John Britton</span>. 3 vols.

+London, 1801-1825. Vol. iii contains a list of <cite>Provincial

+Words of Wiltshire and the adjacent Counties</cite>, pp. 369-380.

+See Appendix II.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Five Reprinted Glossaries.</cite> Edited by Professor <span class="smcap">Skeat</span>. Eng.

+Dialect Socy., 1879. Contains (<i>a</i>) <cite>Wiltshire Words, from

+'Britton's Beauties of Wiltshire,'</cite> 1825; <i>compared with 'Akerman's

+Glossary,'</i> 1842, a few words being added from the

+<cite>Monthly Magazine</cite>, &amp;c. (<i>b</i>) <cite>Dialectal Words, from 'Kennett's

+Parochial Antiquities</cite>, 1695.'</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Glossary of Provincial Words and Phrases in use in Wiltshire.</cite>

+By <span class="smcap">John Yonge Akerman</span>. London, 1842. An unacknowledged

+enlargement of Britton's <cite>Word-list</cite>. See <cite>Five Reprinted

+Glossaries</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Wiltshire Tales.</cite> By <span class="smcap">J. Y. Akerman</span>. London, 1853.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Spring-tide: or the Angler and his Friends.</cite> <span class="smcap">By J. Y. Akerman</span>.

+London, 1850. Contains many Wiltshire and West of

+England words.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words.</cite> By <span class="smcap">J. O.

+Halliwell</span>. London, 1846, &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Thomas

+Wright</span>. London, 1857, &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[220]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Song of Solomon in the Wiltshire Dialect</cite>, as it is spoken in

+the Northern Division. By <span class="smcap">Edward Kite</span>. Circa 1860.

+Privately printed for Prince L. Lucien Bonaparte.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Content: or the Day Labourer's Tale of his Life.</cite> By Mrs. <span class="smcap">Penruddocke</span>,

+Fyfield Manor House, Wilts. Salisbury, 1860.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Peasant Life in the West of England.</cite> By <span class="smcap">F. G. Heath</span>.

+1872-80.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Fabellae Mostellariae: or Devonshire and Wiltshire Stories in

+Verse.</cite> London and Exeter, 1878.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Rhymes of the Wiltshire Peasantry, and other Trifles.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Edward

+Slow</span>. Salisbury, 1874.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Wiltshire Rhymes: a Series of Poems in the Wiltshire Dialect.</cite>

+By <span class="smcap">Edward Slow</span>. London and Salisbury, 1881. Also

+Third edition, 1885.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Wiltshire Rhymes.</cite> Fourth Series. By <span class="smcap">Edward Slow</span>. Salisbury

+and Wilton, 1889. Contains a <cite>Glossary</cite> of about 200

+words, pp. 9-14.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Glossary of Wiltshire Words.</cite> Compiled by <span class="smcap">Edward Slow</span>.

+Wilton, 1892. Contains about 900 words, of which a few

+are of special interest.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Works of Richard Jefferies</cite>:&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Memoir of the Goddards of North Wilts, 1873. The Gamekeeper

+at Home, 1878. Wild Life in a Southern County.

+1879. The Amateur Poacher, 1879. Greene Ferne Farm,

+1880. Hodge and his Masters, 1880. Round about a Great

+Estate, 1880. Wood Magic, 1881. Bevis, 1882. The Life

+of the Fields, 1884. The Dewy Morn, 1884. The Open

+Air, 1885. Amaryllis at the Fair, 1887. Field and

+Hedgerow, 1889. The Toilers of the Field, 1892, &amp;c., &amp;c.</cite></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Walter Besant</span>. 1888.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases.</cite> By Rev. <span class="smcap">W. C. Plenderleath</span>.

+<cite>Wilts Arch�ological Magazine</cite>, vol. xxii. p. 107.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Wiltshire Arch�ological and Natural History Magazine.</cite> All

+vols.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[221]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>History of the Manor and Ancient Barony of Castle Combe</cite> in the

+county of Wilts, &amp;c., &amp;c. By <span class="smcap">G. Poulett Scrope</span>. Privately

+printed, 1852.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Records of Chippenham</cite>, relating to the Borough from its Incorporation

+by Queen Mary to its Reconstruction by Act of

+Parliament, 1889, &amp;c., &amp;c. By <span class="smcap">Frederick H. Goldney</span>.

+1889.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Sarum Diocesan Gazette</cite>, Annual Reports of Flower-classes, by

+Mr. <span class="smcap">Hussey</span> and Mr. <span class="smcap">Tatum</span>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Flowering Plants of Wilts.</cite> By Rev. <span class="smcap">T. A. Preston</span>. Published

+by Wilts Arch. Society, 1888.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Birds of Wiltshire.</cite> By Rev. <span class="smcap">Alfred C. Smith</span>. London

+and Devizes, 1887. Reprinted from <cite>Wilts Arch. Mag.</cite></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Glory: a Wiltshire Story.</cite> By Mrs. <span class="smcap">G. Linn�us Banks</span>. London,

+1876(?). New edition, 1892. Scene partly laid in

+and round Marlborough.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>On the Upper Thames.</cite> By Miss <span class="smcap">E. Boyer-Brown</span>. <cite>Leisure

+Hour</cite>, August, 1893. Contains many words belonging to

+the Castle Eaton and Marston Maizey district.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Dictionary of English Plant-names.</cite> By <span class="smcap">James Britten</span> and

+<span class="smcap">Robert Holland</span>. E. D. S. 1878-86. A very valuable

+work, containing a small number of Wilts names, mostly

+from sources already referred to. The whole of the Plant-names

+in our <cite>Glossary</cite> have been sent to Mr. Britten from

+time to time, for use in the <cite>Supplement</cite> which he is now

+preparing.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>English Dialects&mdash;their Sounds and Homes.</cite> By <span class="smcap">A. J. Ellis</span>.

+E. D. S. 1890. Contains some remarks at pp. 24-29 on

+Wilts, with specimens of dialect from Christian Malford and

+Chippenham, accompanied by a rendering into Glossic.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Glossary of Berkshire Words and Phrases.</cite> By Major <span class="smcap">B.

+Lowsley</span>. E. D. S. 1888.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Upton-on-Severn Words and Phrases.</cite> By Rev. <span class="smcap">Robert Lawson</span>.

+E. D. S. 1884. A reprint of his smaller <cite>Glossary</cite>, which

+originally appeared in <cite>The Nation in the Parish</cite>, by Mrs.

+<span class="smcap">Lawson</span>.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[222]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire.</cite>

+By <span class="smcap">James Jennings</span>. 1825. Second edition, revised and

+edited by Rev. <span class="smcap">James K. Jennings</span>. London, 1869.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Poems of Rural Life in the Dorset Dialect.</cite> By Rev. <span class="smcap">William

+Barnes</span>. <cite>Glossary</cite>, pp. 459-467, edition 1888.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Glossary of the Dorset Dialect</cite>, 1863-86. By Rev. <span class="smcap">William

+Barnes</span>. Also the additional <cite>Word-lists</cite> published by him

+from time to time in the <cite>Dorset County Chronicle</cite>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Natural History, Folk Speech, and Superstitions of Dorsetshire.</cite>

+By <span class="smcap">J. S. Udal</span>. A paper read before the Dorset Field Club

+at Dorchester, in February, 1889, containing a <cite>Glossary</cite>,

+which was given in full in the report in the local papers at

+the time.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Glossary of Dialect &amp; Archaic Words used in the County of

+Gloucester.</cite> By <span class="smcap">J. D. Robertson</span>. Edited by Lord <span class="smcap">Moreton</span>.

+E. D. S. 1890.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Glossary of Hampshire Words and Phrase</cite>s. By the Rev. Sir

+<span class="smcap">William H. Cope</span>. E. D. S. 1883.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect.</cite> By Rev.<span class="smcap"> W. D. Parish</span>.

+Lewes. 1875.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>On the Dialects of Eleven Southern and South-Western Counties</cite>,

+with a new Classification of the English Dialects. By

+Prince <span class="smcap">Louis Lucien Bonaparte</span>. E. D. S. 1877.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>On the Survival of Early English Words in our present Dialects.</cite>

+By Rev. <span class="smcap">Richard Morris</span>. E. D. S. 1876.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Old Country and Farming Words.</cite> By <span class="smcap">James Britten</span>. E. D. S.

+1880. Contains extracts from the following volumes,

+among which may be found a few additional Wilts words,

+as well as much information on our agricultural terms:&mdash;</p>

+

+<ul>

+<li><span class="smcap">Ellis, William.</span> <cite>The Modern Husbandman</cite>. 1750.</li>

+<li><cite>Reports of the Agricultural Survey</cite>, 1793-1813.</li>

+<li><span class="smcap">Lisle, Edward.</span> <cite>Observations in Husbandry</cite>. 1757.</li>

+<li><span class="smcap">Worlidge, J.</span> <cite>Dictionarium rusticum</cite>. 1681.</li>

+<li><cite>Annals of Agriculture, &amp;c.</cite> 1784-1815.</li>

+<li><span class="smcap">Morton, John C.</span> <cite>Cyclop�dia of Agriculture</cite>, 1863.</li>

+</ul>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[223]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Folk-Etymology, a Dictionary of Verbal Corruptions, &amp;c.</cite> By Rev.

+<span class="smcap">A. Smythe Palmer</span>. London, 1882.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Lettice Lisle.</cite> By Lady <span class="smcap">Verney</span>. 1870. Contains much excellent

+Hants talk.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The New Forest: its History and its Scenery.</cite> By <span class="smcap">J. R. Wise</span>.

+London, 1871. Glossary, pp. 279-288, also words in text.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Jonathan Merle: a West Country story of the times.</cite> By

+<span class="smcap">Elisabeth B. Bayly</span>. 1890. Affords many good illustrations

+of words used in Wilts, as the two following works

+also do.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Tess of the D'Urbervilles.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Thomas Hardy</span>. 1891.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Story of Dick.</cite> By Major <span class="smcap">Gambier Parry</span>. 1892.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>Dark: a Tale of the Down Country.</cite> By Mrs. <span class="smcap">Stephen Batson</span>.

+London, 1892. The scene is laid in Berks, just over the

+borders, but the dialect, which is excellently done, is to all

+intents and purposes that of North Wilts.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>A History of Marlborough College during Fifty Years.</cite> By

+<span class="smcap">A. G. Bradley</span>, <span class="smcap">A. C. Champneys</span>, and <span class="smcap">J. W. Baines</span>.

+London, 1893.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>John Darke's Sojourn in the Cotteswolds and elsewhere.</cite> By <span class="smcap">S. S.

+Buckman</span>. 1890.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><cite>The Scouring of the White Horse.</cite> By <span class="smcap">Thomas Hughes</span>. 1858.</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[224]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="APPENDIX_II" id="APPENDIX_II">APPENDIX II</a></h2>

+

+<p class="center">Cunnington MS.</p>

+

+

+<p>Among the various books and word-lists which we have

+consulted during the progress of this work, by no means the

+least interesting is the manuscript containing a <cite>Collection of

+a few Provincial Terms used in North Wilts</cite>, believed to have

+been compiled about the middle of last century, which was

+kindly lent us by its present owner, Mr. William Cunnington,

+and is here frequently referred to as <cite>Cunnington MS.</cite></p>

+

+<p>This valuable relic was at one time in the possession of

+Mr. J. Britton, as is proved by the notes in his <em>early</em> handwriting

+on the outer leaves, and was evidently the source to which he

+was indebted for some portions of his 1825 <cite>Glossary</cite> (in the

+<cite>Beauties of Wilts</cite>, vol. iii), the very peculiar wording and spelling

+of some of its paragraphs having been transferred direct to his

+pages. It must, however, have been in his hands at a much

+earlier date than 1825, as one or two of the notes appear to

+have been made at the time he was collecting materials for the

+1814 volume on Wilts.</p>

+

+<p>Not only has it afforded us several hitherto un-noted words,

+which Mr. Britton himself had passed over, possibly because

+even in his own time they were already grown obsolete, but

+it has also enabled us to clear up several doubtful points, and

+especially to show how, by a very simple misreading of the

+MS., from the easily identified <i>sprawny</i> (a variant of <i>sprunny</i>)

+was evolved that mysterious 'ghost-word' <i>sprawing</i>, which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[225]</a></span>

+has ever since misled our glossary-makers, each one having

+seemingly taken it on the faith of his immediate predecessor.</p>

+

+<p>The <cite>Vocabulary</cite>, which we here reproduce <i>verbatim et literatim</i>,

+consists of ten quarto pages, the first two of which are covered

+with notes in pencil and ink, in at least four different hands,

+partly arch�ological and topographical, and partly relating to

+dialect words in Wilts and elsewhere. It is written in an

+extremely legible old hand, with a few additions and interlineations

+in other hands, and contains about one hundred words

+and phrases, of which we owe just two-thirds to the original

+compiler, who is supposed to have been a North Wilts clergyman.

+If so, it is probable that his very characteristic handwriting

+could readily be identified by any one who was familiar

+with our last-century parish registers.</p>

+

+<p>The interlineations have been made at different dates and

+in different hands, <i>acrass</i>, <i>chit</i>, <i>clout</i>, <i>gallered</i>, <i>hire</i>, <i>hitch</i>, <i>muxen</i>,

+<i>shirk off</i>, <i>slink away</i>, <i>skillin</i>, <i>stowl</i>, <i>stole</i>, <i>thick</i> and <i>thuck</i>, <i>won't</i>,

+with the numerals at the end, being in pencil, two or three

+of them having been inked over at some time or other; while

+<i>arran</i>, <i>clavey</i>, <i>clap to</i>, <i>desperd</i>, <i>dowse</i>, <i>hit</i>, <i>nan</i>, <i>plye</i>, <i>rathe</i>, <i>sprawny</i>,

+the definition of <i>thick</i> and <i>thuck</i>, <i>tun</i>, <i>tag</i>, <i>twit</i>, and <i>vuddels</i>, are

+in ink, and mostly in a much larger and somewhat peculiar

+hand. The pencilling is now almost entirely obliterated.</p>

+

+<p>The MS. was given by Mr. Britton to Mr. Cunnington, with

+other books and papers, many years ago, and its existence

+appears to have been unknown until we called attention to it

+in the <cite>Wilts Arch�ological Magazine</cite>, vol. xxvi. p. 293.</p>

+

+

+<p class="center">Front page of Cover.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>Writing entirely in pencil, in Mr. Britton's hand, except the word

+Vocabulary.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+<p>XXII. 107. Broad Hinton. Vic. Mr. Hume of Salisby late

+Vicar a manor well immense depth. abt 10 ms to draw Some

+of the Glanvilles buried here. Old monk [? <i>tomb</i>] of this family

+one of these Gs wrote on Witches&mdash;all chalk large crane

+wheel room for 3 men.</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[226]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="center">Vocabulary.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>Here two lines of writing, probably the name and address of the compiler,

+have been scratched completely out with a penknife.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="indent2">See Ascough's Index [<i>Here another

+word now illegible.</i>]</span></p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>Here a rough sketch, marked</i> Spring, <i>probably relating to the above well.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+

+<p class="center">Inside of Cover.</p>

+

+<p>Main sprack&mdash;for lively&mdash;Wilts</p>

+

+<p>Information in Bowels&mdash;</p>

+

+<p>Obliterate Scoolmaster&mdash;</p>

+

+<p>Mandy&mdash;saucy&mdash;Wilts</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>These four lines are in a more recent hand, on a slip gummed in.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+<p>Werrutting teazing</p>

+

+<p>Thick for that</p>

+

+<p>direction "You must go all a skew thick vield there &amp;

+then all a thirt tother &amp; then looky one way &amp; pointy another

+wool ye now"</p>

+

+<p>Anticks&mdash;main&mdash;mandy</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>These are in the same large, slightly feminine-looking hand as some of

+the interlineations in the word-list.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><i>Enked</i> is avaricious, wretched, from whence we have perhaps

+a term in English of unked; disagreeable, melancholy, tiresome.

+In Oxfordshire every thing unpleasant is <i>unked</i>.</p>

+

+<p>From the Persian.</p>

+

+<p>Rudge a cup or patera found here Horsley p. 330.</p>

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p>[<i>These are on a slip gummed in, in Mr. Britton's own hand.</i>]</p></blockquote>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[227]</a></span></p>

+

+

+<p class="p2 center">The Vocabulary itself.</p>

+

+<p class="center">COLLECTION OF A FEW PROVINCIAL TERMS

+USED IN NORTH WILTS.</p>

+

+

+<p class="center">Page 1.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Arran</b> for either</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Acrass</b></p>

+

+<p class="hang">'<b>All a hoh</b>'&mdash;awry&mdash;not square, strait or even&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Beet</b>&mdash;To beet&mdash;is to supply fire with fewel</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Brow</b>&mdash;the opposite of Tough&mdash;Substances that will easily

+break</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Burrow</b>&mdash;Shelter from Wind&mdash;generally applied to some Low

+Place in a field where some neighbouring hillock breaks the

+force of the gale</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Caddle</b> a term variously applied, but in all cases significant

+of Confusion or embarassmt To be in a Caddle&mdash;to be in

+disorder&mdash;to be embarrassd with business&mdash;Dont Caddle

+me&mdash;dont teaze me&mdash;don't confuse me&mdash;'a cadling fellow'

+a wrangler a shifting, &amp; sometimes an unmeaning character</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clavey</b>&mdash;Chimney Piece</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cham</b>&mdash;to Chew&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clap to the Door</b>&mdash;shut the Door.</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 2.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chism</b>&mdash;to germ&mdash;Seed is said to chism when it discovers the

+first appearance of germination</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Chit</b>&mdash;to spring&mdash;leaves are coming out.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Cleet</b>&mdash;a Patch whereby an utensil is repaird&mdash;to cleet to

+mend by a patch put on, &amp; sometimes to Strengtn by

+bracing etc</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clum</b>&mdash;To Clum a thing&mdash;is to handle it Roughly boisterously

+or indecently</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[228]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clyten</b> A term applied to express an unhealthy appearance,

+particularly in Children&mdash;a Clyten an unhealthy Child</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clout</b> a blow</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Clytenish</b>. To look Clytenish to Look pale &amp; sickly</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dain</b>&mdash;disagreeable effluvia&mdash;generally applied to Those Scents

+which are Supposed to convey infections, i.e. "Dont go to

+near that man; he has lately had the Small Pox &amp; the <i>dain</i>

+may be in his <ins title="Note: Originally appears after 'Page 3' below">Cloths still</ins>"</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Desperd</b> very as desperd fine etc</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 3</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dummil</b>&mdash;Heavy, dull&mdash;a term variously applied&mdash;but in all

+cases signifies the reverse of sprightly or Brilliant</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dowse</b>&mdash;a Blow</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch</b>&mdash;The Common term for Deaf</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dunch Dumplin</b>&mdash;a Dumplin made of flower and water only&mdash;boild

+hard &amp; eaten hot with Butter&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Dar</b>, 'to be struck in a Dar,' to be astonishd or Confounded</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Flick</b> or <b>flitch</b>&mdash;i.e. To be flitch with one,' is to be familiar or

+intimate</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gallered</b> to be astonished, frightened, as <i>he gallered me</i></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Gabborn</b>&mdash;a term always applied to Buildings to denote Largeness

+without Convenience &amp; Comfort&mdash;a gabborn Room or

+house signifies a place Large cold and comfortless</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Glox</b> a term applied to denote the motion or Sound made by

+Liquids when movd about in a barrel or other vessel not

+full as</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 4</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">for instance, "Fill the Barrel full John or else it will glox in

+Carriage"&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Glutch</b>&mdash;To Glutch, to swallow&mdash;the act of Swallowing&mdash;i.e.&mdash;He

+glutchd hard that is he swallowed with difficulty</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[229]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hit</b> to strike</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hazon</b>&mdash;To Hazon a Person is to scold or menace him&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Harl</b>&mdash;<b>a Harl</b>&mdash;Something entangled&mdash;His hair is all in a harl&mdash;i.e.

+knotted&mdash;uncombed<br />

+ravle</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>To harl</b>&mdash;to entangle</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hire</b> for hear&mdash;Dont hire do not <i>hear</i></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hatch</b> a small door or gate&mdash;generally applied to the half

+doors frequent in Shops</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Heft</b>&mdash;weight&mdash;i e what heft is that Parcel i e what weight

+is it&mdash;(perhaps a contraction of heavy-weight)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hike</b> To hike off&mdash;to sneak away dishonorably</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hitch</b>&mdash;monthly Agents</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Howe</b>&mdash;Pronounced Broad and Long Ho-ow or Hau-ow&mdash;To

+be in a hauow&mdash;to be anxious</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Howed for</b>&mdash;provided for&mdash;taken care of&mdash;a figurative expression

+undoubtedly derived from the term</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 5</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">made use of by Shepherds in driving collecting &amp; managing

+their flocks, i.e. Ho h�&mdash;ho-h�</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hop a bouts</b> a term applied to small apple Dumplings made

+of one apple enclosd in a Paste of flour &amp; boild</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Hudgy</b>&mdash;thick Clumsey</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kitch</b>&mdash;to Kitch or Ketch&mdash;to congeal&mdash;oils animal fat &amp;c. are

+said to catch or kitch when they grow cold enough to

+congeal</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Kerfs</b> Lamin�&mdash;Layers or cleavings of Earth Turf Hay &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lear</b>&mdash;empty&mdash;a Lear Stomach, a Stomach wanting food</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lew</b>&mdash;To get in the Lew&mdash;is to get in a place Sheltered from

+the wind&mdash;(perhaps derivd from the Sea Phrase&mdash;Lee&mdash;)</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Lewth</b> warmth&mdash;"this Coat has no Lewth in it," i.e. it has

+no warmth</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[230]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Limp</b> a thing is said to be Limp when it has Lost its accustomed

+Stiffness</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Limber</b>&mdash;Slender&mdash;or Rather a thing Long &amp; bending</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 6</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>M&#257;ndy</b> pronouncd Long&mdash;frolicksome&mdash;Impudent&mdash;Showy</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Miff</b>&mdash;offence&mdash;to take a miff&mdash;to be offended</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Mothery</b> or <b>Muthery</b> Beer, vinegar &amp;c. are said to be mothery

+when white Particles of fust float in it&mdash;Perhaps a Corruption

+of muddy or muddery&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Most-in-deal</b>&mdash;in general&mdash;mostly&mdash;(example) "where do you

+Live now?'&mdash;why at Devizes, most in deal, but sometimes

+at Warminster&mdash;"</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Muxen</b> Dung heap.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Newst</b>&mdash;Newst or anewst Signifies nearly&mdash;what is it a Clock?&mdash;a

+newst One. which of the two is oldest?&mdash;They are newst

+of an age. which of those things are best? they are a newst

+alike&mdash;In the Latter example however the more usual reply

+would be "they are anewst of a newstness"</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nitch</b>&mdash;a Burthen, as a Nitch of wood a nitch of Straw a Nitch

+of hay &amp;c.&mdash;"He has got a nitch," i.e. he is Drunk, he has

+got as much Liquor as he can carry&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Plye</b> to bend as the Poker is plied&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Nan?</b>&mdash;What do you say</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Quilt</b> To Quilt a term used almost exclusive of any other to

+denote the act of Swallowing when performd</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 7.</p>

+

+<p class="ind2">in the usual &amp; natural way&mdash;the term Glutch being rather

+descriptive of a difficulty in doing it or the doing it with

+labour</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rowney</b>&mdash;thin, uneven&mdash;generally applied to Cloth</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rumple</b>&mdash;to Rumple is to press a thing, particularily</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[231]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rathe</b>&mdash;early in the morning

+a garment, so as to make it appear promiscuously wrinkled&mdash;or

+tumbled</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Rubble</b>&mdash;universally us'd for Rubbish&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shewent</b> a Piece of Cloth is said to be&mdash;shewent&mdash;when it is

+evenly wove &amp; not Rowey&mdash;it is also applied in other Cases

+but always to denote a thing Level &amp; even&mdash;to Look

+Shewent, is to Look demure</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shim</b> This word is rather of Glocestershire but it is nevertheless

+in use on the North Border of wilts, &amp; is a Corruption

+or Contraction perhaps of Seeming&mdash;Ex. gra&mdash;He is a fine

+fellow Shim&mdash;or he is, Shim, a fine fellow means that the

+person spoken of is apparently a fine fellow</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Skillin</b>&mdash;a shed</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shog</b>&mdash;Shog &amp; jog&mdash;words nearly of the same import &amp; Signify

+to move off degradedly&mdash;to slink or shirk away</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Shirk</b> off</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sleazey</b>&mdash;thin&mdash;Slight&mdash;generally applied to Cloth Silks &amp;c.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slink away</b></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Slox</b> to waste a thing, or pilfer it&mdash;"Sloxd away" wasted or

+pilferd</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 8.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stowl</b>&mdash;a root&mdash;great stowl</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sprack</b>&mdash;Lively&mdash;bright quick a main sprack child</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Stole</b>&mdash;when trees, are buddg&mdash;trees</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sultedge</b> a term applied to describe a Coarse apron much worn

+by the poor Women &amp; which they always describe by the

+term a Sultedge apron</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Swingeing</b>&mdash;violent&mdash;great&mdash;forcible</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Sprawny</b> a Sweetheart [Misread as Sprawing by Britton.]</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tack</b> a shelf&mdash;put it on the tack&mdash;i e put it on the Shelf&mdash;How

+many tacks are there in the Pantry, i.e. how many Shelves</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Teft</b>&mdash;to teft a thing is to judge of its weight by taking it in

+the hand i e&mdash;what Heft do you think this Bundle is&mdash;I dont

+know Let's teft it&mdash;i.e. let me take it in my hand</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[232]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Thic</b> &amp; <b>Thuck</b> this &amp; that&mdash;as thic w� this way</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tine</b>&mdash;to kindle&mdash;to tine a fire is to Light a fire,&mdash;to tine

+a Candle&mdash;to Light a candle</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tine</b> to fence to tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose

+it with a fence of wood or quickset</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tining</b> fences of Wood either Brushwood Pales or a Hedge</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tun</b> Chimney</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 9.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Tag</b> to tease to torment</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Todge</b>&mdash;a thick Consistency&mdash;Thick as Todge gruels, Soups, etc,

+made unpleasantly thick</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Twit</b>&mdash;to upbraid</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Twire</b>&mdash;to Look at a thing wistfully or Critically 'How he

+twir'd at her&mdash;i e. how wistfully he Look at her'&mdash;Common

+Phrase</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vuddels</b> a spoilt Child</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Vinny</b> mouldy&mdash;Vinney Cheese, is mouldy Cheese&mdash;properly

+it denotes anything tinted&mdash;not with a black or Rotten&mdash;but

+with a whitish or blue mould&mdash;very common Phrase</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Unkerd</b> or <b>Unkert</b>&mdash;Lonely or Solitary&mdash;an unkert house

+a Lone house&mdash;an unkert place a Solitary place&mdash;very

+Common phrase</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Weeth</b> tough Soft pliable&mdash;</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Yat</b> a gate&mdash;yat Post, a gate Post</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>Wont</b> for Will not</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><b>dree vour vive zix s</b></p>

+

+<p>N.B. In north wilts it may be remarkd that the formation

+of the Plural by affixing en to the Noun is almost universal as

+house housen Pease Peasen Wench wenchen&mdash;almost as universal

+too is the transformation of the</p>

+

+<p class="center">Page 10.</p>

+

+<p>Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as

+a Silken gown a Clothen Coat a Leatheren Shoe an elmen

+Board &amp;c. the pronoun Possessive too is formd in the same<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[233]</a></span>

+way as hisn hern Ourn theirn&mdash;the old terms also, thic &amp; thoc

+almost Constantly exclude the expression This &amp; That&mdash;There

+is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs from

+Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for professions&mdash;take

+an Example Well Mary, how do you get on in Life?

+what do you &amp; your family do <i>now</i> to get a Living in these

+times&mdash;Wy zur we do aal vind zummut to do&mdash;Jan, ye know,

+he do <i>Smithey</i> (work as a smith) Jin the beggist wench do

+spinney the Little one do Lace makey&mdash;I do <i>Chorey</i> (go out as

+a Chore Woman) and the two Boys do Bird keepey&mdash;that is

+One works as a smith&mdash;one spins one makes Lace one goes out

+as a Chore woman &amp; two are Birdkeepers which Latter term

+were more to the purpose if expressd Bird frightener or driver</p>

+

+<p>Show to Ingram-Ellis</p>

+

+<hr class="chap" />

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[234]</a></span></p>

+

+

+

+<h2><a name="APPENDIX_III" id="APPENDIX_III">APPENDIX III</a></h2>

+

+<p class="center">Monthly Magazine Word-list.</p>

+

+

+<p>In the <cite>Monthly Magazine</cite>, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii. p. 114,

+a short and very badly arranged list of South Wilts Words and

+Phrases occurs. We have thought it best to reproduce it here,

+<i>verbatim et literatim</i>, from the Magazine itself, kindly lent us by

+Mr. Cunnington, as the account given of it in the Preface to

+Professor Skeat's reprint of Akerman is in some respects

+slightly inaccurate. Thus, he omits all mention of <i>Hogo</i> and

+some other words or phrases, while <i>Tatees</i> is misquoted as <i>taters</i>

+and <i>Theseum</i> as <i>Thescum</i>. The remarks made on the latter word

+will therefore require some modification.</p>

+

+

+<p class="center">Prefatory Note.</p>

+

+<p><i>To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine.</i> Sir, In conformity

+to your invitation, I send you some specimens of the provincial

+dialect of South Wiltshire.</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<span class="smcap">Mark.</span> <i>July</i> 23, 1813.<br />

+</p>

+

+

+<blockquote>

+

+<p class="center">The Word-list.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Thic</i>, this.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Thac</i>, that.&mdash;"<i>Thacs</i> the way I <em>do</em> do."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Theseum</i>, these.&mdash;"What are <i>theseum</i> here?"</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Dooke</i>, do you.&mdash;"Hold thy brother, dooke." Or, "dooke be

+quiet." [Brother <i>is evidently a misprint for</i> bother.]</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Volk</i>, folk.&mdash;"Vaut vine volks." What fine folks.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Wuld</i>, world.&mdash;"The honestest volk in the wuld."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Heft</i>, weight.&mdash;"What heft be 'um?"</p>

+

+<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235">[235]</a></span></p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Hiss</i>, Yes.&mdash;"Hiss sure, mum." Yes sure, madam.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Housen</i>, house.&mdash;"Yan housen." Yonder house.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">A always pronounced R. [=broad]</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"Send it <i>once</i> this morning, dooke." Send it this morning.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"I <em>do</em> know what they be." [=I don't know]</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"Harnt thee got nareon." Have not you got one.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"Nice day izzent it?"&mdash;"Yes it is sure."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Thee</i> and <i>thou</i> for <i>you</i>.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Crockerty</i>, china.&mdash;"I've torn my crockerty."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Terrible</i>, very.&mdash;"Lard! they be terrible dear."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Torn</i>, broke.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Hogo</i>, smell.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"<i>What a book of clothes.</i>" What a large wash.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Barm</i>, yeast.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Caddling</i>, teazing, chattering.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"<i>Mud the child up, dooke.</i>" Bring up the child by hand.</p>

+

+<p class="hang">"<i>Lard, the child's got the white mouth.</i>" The child's got the

+thrush.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Shrammed</i>, perished.&mdash;"I was half shrammed on the

+downs<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a>."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Tatees</i>, potatoes. "I do want a gallon of tatees."</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Figged Pudding</i>, plum pudding.</p>

+

+<p class="hang"><i>Handy</i>, near.&mdash;Handy ten o'clock.</p>

+

+<p class="signature">

+<cite>Monthly Magazine</cite>, Sept. 1814.<br />

+</p></blockquote>

+

+

+<p class="p2 center">THE END.</p>

+

+

+<div class="footnotes"><p class="center">FOOTNOTES:</p>

+

+<div class="footnote">

+

+<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a>

+William Little was a shepherd in North Wilts, and was an old man

+when Akerman was a boy.</p></div>

+

+<div class="footnote">

+

+<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a>

+[Here a foot-note is given in the Magazine, but has been obliterated

+in the only copy to which we have access.]</p></div></div>

+

+<div class="transnote"><p class="center">Transcriber's Note:</p>

+

+<p>Obvious typographical errors were repaired.</p>

+

+<p><a href="#Page_xv">P. xv</a>: "D when preceded by a liquid"&mdash;original read "followed" in place of "preceded."</p>

+

+<p>Appendix II: unusual spellings and capitalizations preserved as in original.</p>

+

+<p><a href="#Page_228">P. 228</a>: "dain may be in his Cloths still"&mdash;"Cloths still" originally appeared below "Desperd" entry and "Page 3" heading.</p>

+</div>

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+

+<pre>

+

+

+

+

+

+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the

+County of Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the County of

+Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with

+almost no restrictions whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or

+re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included

+with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org

+

+

+Title: A Glossary of Words used in the County of Wiltshire

+

+Author: George Edward Dartnell

+        Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

+Release Date: May 29, 2014 [EBook #45809]

+

+Language: English

+

+Character set encoding: ASCII

+

+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK GLOSSARY OF WORDS IN WILTSHIRE ***

+

+

+

+

+Produced by David Edwards, JoAnn Greenwood, and the Online

+Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This

+file was produced from images generously made available

+by The Internet Archive)

+

+

+

+

+

+

+Transcriber's Note:

+

+[=vowel] indicates vowel with a macron.

+[)vowel] indicates vowel with a breve.

+

+_Underscores_ indicate italics.

+=Equal signs= indicate bold fonts.

+~word~ indicates bold word in slightly smaller font.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+

+             GLOSSARY OF WILTSHIRE WORDS

+

+

+                        Oxford

+        HORACE HART, PRINTER TO THE UNIVERSITY

+

+

+

+

+                 A Glossary of Words

+

+                     USED IN THE

+

+                 COUNTY OF WILTSHIRE.

+

+                          BY

+

+                GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL

+                        AND THE

+         REV. EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD, M.A.

+

+                        London:

+

+       PUBLISHED FOR THE ENGLISH DIALECT SOCIETY

+  BY HENRY FROWDE, OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS WAREHOUSE.

+               AMEN CORNER, LONDON, E.C.

+

+                         1893.

+

+               [_All rights reserved._]

+

+

+

+

+PREFACE

+

+

+The following pages must not be considered as comprising an

+exhaustive Glossary of our Wiltshire Folk-speech. The field is a

+wide one, and though much has been accomplished much more still

+remains to be done. None but those who have themselves attempted such

+a task know how difficult it is to get together anything remotely

+approaching a complete list of the dialect words used in a single

+small parish, to say nothing of a large county, such as ours. Even

+when the words themselves have been collected, the work is little

+more than begun. Their range in time and place, their history and

+etymology, the side-lights thrown on them by allusions in local or

+general literature, their relation to other English dialects, and

+a hundred such matters, more or less interesting, have still to be

+dealt with. However, in spite of many difficulties and hindrances,

+the results of our five years or more of labour have proved very

+satisfactory, and we feel fully justified in claiming for this

+_Glossary_ that it contains the most complete list of Wiltshire words

+and phrases which has as yet been compiled. More than one-half of

+the words here noted have never before appeared in any Wiltshire

+Vocabulary, many of them being now recorded for the first time for

+any county, while in the case of the remainder much additional

+information will be found given, as well as numerous examples of

+actual folk-talk.

+

+The greater part of these words were originally collected by us

+as rough material for the use of the compilers of the projected

+_English Dialect Dictionary_, and have been appearing in instalments

+during the last two years in the _Wilts Archaeological Magazine_

+(vol. xxvi, pp. 84-169, and 293-314; vol. xxvii, pp. 124-159), as

+_Contributions towards a Wiltshire Glossary_. The whole list has now

+been carefully revised and much enlarged, many emendations being

+made, and a very considerable number of new words inserted, either

+in the body of the work, or as _Addenda_. A few short stories,

+illustrating the dialect as actually spoken now and in Akerman's

+time, with a brief _Introduction_ dealing with Pronunciation, &c.,

+and _Appendices_ on various matters of interest, have also been

+added; so that the size of the work has been greatly increased.

+

+As regards the nature of the dialect itself, the subject has been

+fully dealt with by abler pens than ours, and we need only mention

+here that it belongs to what is now known as the South-Western group,

+which also comprises most of Dorset, Hants, Gloucester, and parts

+of Berks and Somerset. The use of dialect would appear gradually

+to be dying out now in the county, thanks, perhaps, to the spread

+of education, which too often renders the rustic half-ashamed of

+his native tongue. Good old English as at base it is,--for many a

+word or phrase used daily and hourly by the Wiltshire labourer has

+come down almost unchanged, even as regards pronunciation, from his

+Anglo-Saxon forefathers,--it is not good enough for him now. One

+here, and another there, will have been up to town, only to come back

+with a stock of slang phrases and misplaced aspirates, and a large

+and liberal contempt for the old speech and the old ways. The natural

+result is that here, as elsewhere, every year is likely to add

+considerably to the labour of collecting, until in another generation

+or so what is now difficult may become an almost hopeless task. No

+time should be lost, therefore, in noting down for permanent record

+every word and phrase, custom or superstition, still current among

+us, that may chance to come under observation.

+

+The words here gathered together will be found to fall mainly under

+three heads;--(1) Dialect, as _Caddle_, (2) Ordinary English with

+some local shade of meaning, as _Unbelieving_, and (3) Agricultural,

+as _Hyle_, many of the latter being also entitled to rank as Dialect.

+There may also be noted a small number of old words, such as _toll_

+and _charm_, that have long died out of standard English, but still

+hold their own among our country people. We have not thought it

+advisable, as a general rule, to follow the example set us by our

+predecessors in including such words as _archet_ and _deaw_, which

+merely represent the local pronunciation of orchard and dew; nor

+have we admitted _cantankerous_, _tramp_, and certain others that

+must now rank with ordinary English, whatever claim they may once

+have had to be considered as provincial. More leniency, however, has

+been exercised with regard to the agricultural terms, many that are

+undoubtedly of somewhat general use being retained side by side with

+those of more local limitation.

+

+The chief existing sources of information are as follows:--(1)

+the Glossary of Agricultural Terms in Davis's _General View of

+the Agriculture of Wilts_, 1809; reprinted in the _Archaeological

+Review_, March, 1888, with many valuable notes by Prof. Skeat;

+(2) The Word-list in vol. iii. of Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_,

+1825; collated with Akerman, and reprinted in 1879 for the English

+Dialect Society, with additions and annotations, by Prof. Skeat;

+(3) Akerman's _North Wilts Glossary_, 1842, based upon Britton's

+earlier work; (4) Halliwell's _Dictionary_, 1847, where may be

+found most (but not all) of the Wiltshire words occurring in our

+older literature, as the anonymous fifteenth-century _Chronicon

+Vilodunense_, the works of John Aubrey, Bishop Kennett's _Parochial

+Antiquities_, and the collections by the same author, which form

+part of the _Lansdowne MSS._; (5) Wright's _Dictionary of Obsolete

+and Provincial English_, 1859, which is mainly a condensation of

+Halliwell's work, but contains a few additional Wiltshire words;

+(6) a Word-list in Mr. E. Slow's _Wiltshire Poems_, which he has

+recently enlarged and published separately; and (7) the curious old

+MS. _Vocabulary_ belonging to Mr. W. Cunnington, a _verbatim_ reprint

+of which will be found in the Appendix.

+

+Other authorities that must here be accorded a special mention are

+a paper _On some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases_, by the Rev. W. C.

+Plenderleath, in the _Wilts Archaeological Magazine_; Britten and

+Holland's invaluable _Dictionary of English Plant-names_, which,

+however, is unfortunately very weak as regards Wilts names; the Rev.

+A. C. Smith's _Birds of Wiltshire_; Akerman's _Wiltshire Tales_; the

+_Flower-class Reports_ in the _Sarum Diocesan Gazette_; the very

+scarce _Song of Solomon in North Wilts Dialect_, by Edward Kite,

+a work of the highest value as regards the preservation of local

+pronunciation and modes of expression, but containing very few words

+that are not in themselves ordinary English; the works of Richard

+Jefferies; Canon Jackson's valuable edition of Aubrey's _Wiltshire

+Collections_; and Britton's condensation of the _Natural History of

+Wilts_. In _Old Country and Farming Words_, by Mr. Britten, 1880,

+much information as to our agricultural terms may be found, gathered

+together from the _Surveys_ and similar sources. Lastly, the various

+_Glossaries_ of the neighbouring counties, by Cope, Barnes, Jennings,

+and other writers, should be carefully collated with our Wiltshire

+Glossaries, as they often throw light on doubtful points. Fuller

+particulars as to these and other works bearing on the subject will

+be found in the Appendix on _Wiltshire Bibliography_.

+

+We regret that it has been found impossible to carry out Professor

+Skeat's suggestion that the true pronunciation should in all doubtful

+cases be clearly indicated by its Glossic equivalent. To make such

+indications of any practical value they should spring from a more

+intimate knowledge of that system than either of us can be said to

+possess. The same remarks will also apply to the short notes on

+Pronunciation, &c., where our utter inexperience as regards the

+modern scientific systems of Phonetics must be pleaded as our excuse

+for having been compelled to adopt methods that are as vague as they

+are unscientific.

+

+To the English Dialect Society and its officers we are deeply

+indebted for their kindness and generosity in undertaking to adopt

+this _Glossary_, and to publish it in their valuable series of

+County Glossaries, as well as for the courtesy shown us in all

+matters connected with the work. We have also to thank the Wilts

+Archaeological Society for the space afforded us from time to time

+in their _Magazine_, and the permission granted us to reprint the

+_Word-lists_ therefrom.

+

+In our _Prefaces_ to these _Word-lists_ we mentioned that we should

+be very glad to receive any additions or suggestions from those

+interested in the subject. The result of these appeals has been very

+gratifying, not only with regard to the actual amount of new material

+so obtained, but also as showing the widespread interest felt in

+a branch of Wiltshire Archaeology which has hitherto been somewhat

+neglected, and we gladly avail ourselves of this opportunity of

+repeating our expression of thanks to all those who have so kindly

+responded. To Dr. Jennings we owe an extremely lengthy list of

+Malmesbury words, from which we have made numerous extracts. We have

+found it of special value, as showing the influence of Somersetshire

+on the vocabulary and pronunciation of that part of the county. To

+Sir C. Hobhouse we are indebted for some interesting words, amongst

+which the survival of the A.S. _attercop_ is well worth noting. We

+have to thank Mr. W. Cunnington for assistance in many ways, and for

+the loan of MSS. and books, which we have found of great service.

+To Mr. J. U. Powell and Miss Kate Smith we owe the greater part of

+the words marked as occurring in the Deverill district. Mr. E. J.

+Tatum has given us much help as regards local Plant-names: Miss E.

+Boyer-Brown, Mr. F. M. Willis, Mr. E. Slow, Mr. James Rawlence,

+Mr. F. A. Rawlence, Mr. C. E. Ponting, Mr. R. Coward, the Rev. W.

+C. Plenderleath, Mr. Septimus Goddard, Mrs. Dartnell, the Rev. C.

+Soames, and the Rev. G. Hill must also be specially mentioned. We

+are indebted to Mr. W. Gale, gardener at Clyffe Pypard Vicarage, for

+valuable assistance rendered us in verifying words and reporting new

+ones.

+

+We take this opportunity of acknowledging gratefully the assistance

+which we have throughout the compilation of this _Glossary_ received

+from H. N. Goddard, Esq., of the Manor, Clyffe Pypard, to whose wide

+knowledge and long experience of Wiltshire words and ways we owe

+many valuable suggestions; from the Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer, D.D., who

+has taken much interest in the work, and to whose pen we owe many

+notes; from Professor Skeat, who kindly gave us permission to make

+use of his reprints; and last, but by no means least, from the Rev.

+A. L. Mayhew, who most kindly went through the whole MS., correcting

+minutely the etymologies suggested, and adding new matter in many

+places.

+

+In conclusion, we would say that we hope from time to time to publish

+further lists of _Addenda_ in the _Wilts Archaeological Magazine_ or

+elsewhere, and that any additions and suggestions will always be very

+welcome, however brief they may be. The longest contributions are not

+always those of most value, and it has more than once happened that

+words and phrases of the greatest interest have occurred in a list

+whose brevity was its only fault.

+

+        GEORGE EDWARD DARTNELL,

+                  _Abbottsfield, Stratford Road, Salisbury_.

+

+        EDWARD HUNGERFORD GODDARD,

+             _The Vicarage, Clyffe Pypard, Wootton Bassett_.

+

+

+

+

+    CONTENTS

+

+

+                                                          PAGE

+

+    INTRODUCTION                                      xiii-xix

+

+    LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS                                   xx

+

+    GLOSSARY                                             1-186

+

+    ADDENDA TO GLOSSARY                                187-204

+

+    SPECIMENS OF DIALECT:--

+

+      EXTRACTS FROM THE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE      205-208

+      THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE                        208-209

+      THE VARGESES                                         210

+      THOMAS'S WIVES                                   210-211

+      MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES                         211

+      HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY                   211-212

+      GWOIN' RAYTHUR TOO VUR WI' A VEYTHER             212-213

+      NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER                         213-214

+      PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS                                 214

+      THE CANNINGS VAWK                                214-215

+      LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE                            215-216

+      KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY                               216

+

+    APPENDICES:--

+

+        I.--BIBLIOGRAPHY                               217-223

+       II.--CUNNINGTON MS.                             224-233

+      III.--MONTHLY MAGAZINE WORD-LIST                 234-235

+

+

+

+

+INTRODUCTION

+

+

+The following notes may perhaps serve to give some slight indication

+as to pronunciation, &c., but without the aid of Glossic it is

+impossible accurately to reproduce the actual sounds.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_A_ is usually lengthened out or broadened in some way or other.

+

+Thus in _hazon_ and _haslet_ it would be pronounced somewhat as in

+_baa_, this being no doubt what the _Monthly Magazine_ means by

+saying that '_a_ is always pronounced as _r_.'

+

+When _a_ is immediately followed by _r_, as in _ha'sh_, harsh,

+and _paa'son_, parson, the result is that the _r_ appears to be

+altogether dropped out of the word.

+

+_Aw_ final always becomes _aa_, as _laa_, law, _draa_, draw, _thaa_,

+thaw.

+

+In _saace_, sauce, _au_ becomes _aa_.

+

+_A_ is also broadened into _eae_.

+

+Thus _garden_, _gate_, and _name_ become _geaerden_, _geaet_, and

+_neaeme_.

+

+These examples may, however, be also pronounced in other ways, even

+in the same sentence, as _garne_, _y[)a]t_, and _naayme_, or often

+_ne-um_.

+

+_A_ is often softened in various ways.

+

+Thus, _thrash_ becomes _draish_, and _wash_, _waish_ or _weish_.

+

+It is often changed to _o_, as _zot_, sat, _ronk_, rank.

+

+Also to _e_, as _piller_, pillar, _refter_, rafter, _pert_, part.

+

+In _vur_, far, the sound is _u_ rather than _e_.

+

+The North Wilts version of the _Song of Solomon_ gives frequent

+examples of _oi_ for _ai_, as _choir_, chair, _foir_, fair, _moyden_,

+maiden; but this is probably an imported letter-change, _chayer_ or

+_chai-yer_, for instance, being nearer the true sound.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_E_ is often broadened into _aa_ or _aay_.

+

+Thus _they_ gives us _thaay_, and _break_, _braayke_.

+

+In _marchant_, merchant, and _zartin_, certain, the sound given is as

+in _tar_.

+

+_Ei_ takes the sound of _a_ in _fate_, as _desave_, deceive.

+

+_Left_, _smell_, and _kettle_ become _lift_, _smill_, and _kiddle_.

+

+In South Wilts _[)e]_ in such words as _egg_ or _leg_ becomes _a_

+or _ai_, giving us _aig_ and _laig_ or _l[)a]g_. Thus a Heytesbury

+Rosalind would render--

+

+    'O Jupiter, how weary are my legs!'

+

+by 'O-my-poor-vit'n-laigs!' uttered all in one gasp. In N. Wilts the

+_e_ in these words is not perceptibly so altered.

+

+The _[)e]_ in such words as _linnet_ usually takes the _u_ sound,

+giving us _linnut_. In _yes_ it is lengthened out into _eece_ in S.

+Wilts, and in N. Wilts into _cez_.

+

+Long _e_ or _ee_ is shortened into _i_, as _ship_, sheep, _kippur_,

+keeper, _wick_, week, _fit_, _vit_, feet, the latter word sometimes

+being also pronounced as _ve-ut_.

+

+_Heat_ becomes _het_, and _heater_ (a flat-iron), _hetter_; while

+_hear_ is usually _hire_ in N. Wilts.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_I_ short becomes _e_, as _breng_, bring, _drenk_, drink, _zet_, sit,

+_pegs_, pigs.

+

+Occasionally it is lengthened into _ee_, as _leetle_, little.

+

+In _hit_ (_pret._) and _if_ it usually takes the sound of _u_, as

+_hut_ and _uf_ or _uv_; but _hit_ in the present tense is _het_, and

+_if_ is often sounded as _ef_ in N. Wilts.

+

+At the beginning of a word, _im_, _in_, and _un_ usually become _on_,

+as _onpossible_, _ondacent_, _oncommon_.

+

+In present participles the sound given varies between _un'_, _en'_,

+and _in'_, the _g_ almost invariably being dropped.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_O_ very commonly becomes _a_, as _archet_, orchard, _tharn_, thorn,

+_vant_, font, _vram_, from, _carn_, corn.

+

+Quite as commonly it takes the _au_ or _aw_ sound, as _hawp_, hope,

+_aupen_, open, _cawls_, coals, _hawle_, hole, _smawk_, smoke.

+

+In such words as _cold_ and _four_, the sound is _ow_ rather than

+_aw_, thus giving us _cowld_ and _vower_.

+

+_Moss_ in S. Wilts sometimes takes the long _e_, becoming _m[=e]sh_,

+while in N. Wilts it would merely be _mawss_.

+

+_Know_ becomes either _knaw_ or _kneow_.

+

+_O_ is often sounded _oo_, as _goold_, gold, _cwoort_, court,

+_mwoor'n_ or _moor'n_, more than, _poorch_, porch.

+

+_Oo_ is sometimes shortened into _[)u]_, as _shut_, shoot, _sut_,

+soot, _tuk_, took.

+

+Very commonly the sound given to _[=o]_ is _wo_ or _woae_. Thus we

+get _twoad_, toad (sometimes _twoad_), _pwoast_, post, _bwoy_, boy,

+_rwoaes_, a rose, _bwoaen_, bone, _spwoke_ (but more usually _spawk_ in

+N. Wilts), spoke.

+

+_Oa_ at the beginning of a word becomes _wu_, as _wuts_, oats.

+

+_Oi_ in _noise_ and _rejoice_ is sounded as _ai_.

+

+In _ointment_ and _spoil_ it becomes _[=i]_ or _w[=i]_, giving

+_intment_ and _spile_ or _spwile_.

+

+_Ow_ takes the sound of _er_ or _y_, in some form or other, as

+_vollur_ and _volly_, to follow, _winder_ and _windy_, a window.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_U_ in such words as _fusty_ and _dust_ becomes _ow_, as _fowsty_,

+_dowst_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_D_ when preceded by a liquid is often dropped, as _veel'_, field,

+_vine_, to find, _dreshol_, threshold, _groun'_, ground.

+

+Conversely, it is added to such words as _miller_, _gown_, _swoon_,

+which become _millard_, _gownd_, and _zownd_.

+

+In _orchard_ and _Richard_ the _d_ becomes _t_, giving us _archet_

+and _Richut_ or _Rich't_; while occasionally _t_ becomes _d_,

+_linnet_ being formerly (but not now) thus pronounced as _linnard_ in

+N. Wilts.

+

+_D_ is dropped when it follows _n_, in such cases as _Swinnun_,

+Swindon, _Lunnon_, London.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Su_ sometimes becomes _Shu_, as _Shusan_, Susan, _shoot_, suit,

+_shewut_, suet, _shower_, sure, _Shukey_, Sukey.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Y_ is used as an aspirate in _yacker_, acre, _yarm_, arm, _yeppern_,

+apron, _yerriwig_, earwig. It takes the place of _h_ in _yeaed_, head,

+_yeldin_, a hilding; and of _g_ in _yeat_ or _yat_, a gate.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Consonants are often substituted, _chimney_ becoming _chimbley_ or

+_chimley_, _parsnip_, _pasmet_, and _turnip_, _turmut_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transpositions are very common, many of them of course representing

+the older form of a word. For examples we may take _ax_, to ask,

+_apern_, apron, _girt_, great, _wopse_, wasp, _aps_, the aspen,

+_claps_, to clasp, _cruds_, curds, _childern_, children.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_F_ almost invariably becomes _v_, as _vlower_, flower, _vox_, fox,

+_vur_, far, _vall_, fall, _vlick_, flick, _vant_, font.

+

+In such words as _afterclaps_ and _afternoon_ it is not sounded at

+all.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_L_ is not sounded in such words as _amwoast_, almost, and

+_a'mighty_, almighty.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_N_ final is occasionally dropped, as _lime-kill_, lime-kiln.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_P_, _F_, _V_, and _B_ are frequently interchanged, _brevet_ and

+_privet_ being forms of the same word, while to _bag_ peas becomes

+_fag_ or _vag_ when applied to wheat.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_R_ is slurred over in many cases, as _e'ath_, earth, _foc'd_,

+forced, _ma'sh_, marsh, _vwo'th_, forth.

+

+It often assumes an excrescent _d_ or _t_, as _cavaltry_, horsemen,

+_crockerty_, crockery, _scholard_, scholar.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_H_ has the sound of _wh_ in _whoam_, home. This word, however, as

+Mr. Slow points out in the Preface to his Glossary--

+

+    _Bob._ Drat if I dwon't goo _wom_ to marrer.

+

+    _Zam._ Wat's evir waant ta go _wimm_ var.

+

+    _Bob._ Why, they tell's I as ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be

+    caal'd _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.--

+

+is variously pronounced as _wom_, _wimm_, and _whoam_, even in the

+same village.

+

+As stated at page 72, the cockney misuse of _h_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. It was virtually unknown sixty or seventy

+years ago, and even so late as thirty years back was still unusual

+in our villages. _Hunked_ for _unked_ is almost the only instance to

+be found in Akerman, for instance. But the plague is already fast

+spreading, and we fear that the Catullus of the next generation will

+have to liken the Hodge of his day to the Arrius (the Roman 'Arry) of

+old:--

+

+    C_h_ommoda dicebat, si quando commoda vellet

+      Dicere, et _h_insidias Arrius insidias ...

+    Ionios fluctus, postquam illuc Arrius isset,

+      Iam non Ionios esse, sed _H_ionios.

+

+Touching this point the Rev. G. Hill writes us from Harnham Vicarage

+as follows:--'I should like to bear out what you say with regard to

+the use of the letter _h_ in South-West Wilts. When I lived in these

+parts twenty years ago, its omission was not I think frequent. The

+putting it where it ought not to be did not I think exist. I find

+now that the _h_ is invariably dropped, and occasionally added, the

+latter habit being that of the better educated.'

+

+_H_ becomes _y_ in _yeaed_, head.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_K_ is often converted into _t_, as _ast_, to ask, _mast_, a mask,

+_bleat_, bleak.

+

+_T_ is conversely often replaced by _k_, as _masking_,

+acorn-gathering, from 'mast,' while sleet becomes _sleek_, and pant,

+_pank_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_S_ usually takes the sound of _z_, as _zee_, to see, _zaa_, a saw,

+_zowl_, soul, _zaat_ or _zate_, soft, _zider_, cider, _zound_, to

+swoon.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Thr_ usually becomes _dr_, as _dree_, three, _droo_, through,

+_draish_, to thrash.

+

+In _afurst_, athirst, and _fust_, thirst, we still retain a very

+ancient characteristic of Southern English.

+

+_T_ is always dropped in such words as _kept_ and _slept_, which

+become _kep'_ and _slep'_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Liquids sometimes drop the next letter, as _kill_, kiln; but more

+usually take an excrescent _t_ or _d_, as _varmint_, vermin,

+_steart_, a steer, _gownd_, gown.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_W_ as an initial is generally dropped in N. Wilts in such cases as

+_'oont_, a want or mole, _'ooman_, woman, _'ood_, wood.

+

+Occasionally in S. Wilts it takes the aspirate, _'ood_ being then

+_hood_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Final _g_ is always dropped in the present participle, as _singin'_,

+_livin'_, living; also in nouns of more than one syllable which end

+in _ing_. It is, however, retained in monosyllabic nouns and verbs,

+such as _ring_ and _sing_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_Pre_ becomes _pur_, as _purtend_, pretend, _purserve_, preserve.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Sometimes a monosyllabic word will be pronounced as a dissyllable,

+as we have already mentioned, _ne-um_, _ve-ut_, _ve-us_, and _ke-up_

+being used concurrently with _naayme_, _vit_ or _fit_, _veaece_, and

+_kip_ or _keep_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The prefix _a_ is always used with the present participle, as

+_a-gwain'_, going, _a-zettin' up_, sitting up.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The article _an_ is never used, a doing duty on all occasions, as

+'Gie I a apple, veyther.'

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Plurals will be found to be dealt with in the _Glossary_ itself,

+under _En_ and _Plurals_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Pronouns will also be found grouped together under _Pronouns_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+_As_ is used for _who_, _which_, and _that_.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Active verbs govern the nominative case.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Verbs do not agree with their nominative, either in number or person.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+The periphrastic tenses are often used in S. Wilts, as 'I do mind

+un,' but in N. Wilts the rule is to employ the simple tenses instead,

+merely altering the person, as 'I minds un.' In S. Wilts you might

+also say 'It be a vine night,' whereas in N. Wilts ''Tes a vine

+night' would be more correct.

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+In conclusion we would mention that we hope in the course of the next

+year or two to be able to deal with the grammatical and phonological

+sides of our Dialect in a somewhat more adequate manner than it has

+been possible to do on the present occasion.

+

+

+

+

+A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL ABBREVIATIONS USED.

+

+[For full titles of works see Appendix.]

+

+

+    (A.)   Words given for Wilts in  Akerman.

+    (B.)         "         "         Britton.

+    (C.)         "         "         Cunnington MS.

+    (D.)         "         "         Davis.

+    (G.)         "         "         Grose.

+    (H.)         "         "         Halliwell.

+    (K.)         "         "         Kennett.

+    (M.)         "         "         Monthly Magazine.

+    (S.)         "         "         Slow.

+    (Wr.)        "         "         Wright.

+

+    N. & S.W. North and South Wilts, the place-names following

+    being those of localities where the word is reported as being

+    in use.

+

+    * An asterisk denotes that the word against which it is placed

+    has not as yet been met with by ourselves in this county,

+    although given by some authority or other as used in Wilts.

+

+

+

+

+WILTS GLOSSARY

+

+

+=A=. He; she. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=A=, pl. =As= or =Ais=. _n._ A harrow or drag (D.); probably from

+A.S. _egethe_, M.E. _eythe_, a harrow (Skeat).--S.W., obsolete. This

+term for a harrow was still occasionally to be heard some thirty

+years ago, in both Somerset and Wilts, but is now disused. Davis

+derives it from the triangular shape of the drag, resembling the

+letter A.

+

+=A-Drag=. A large heavy kind of drag (_Agric. of Wilts_). Still used

+in South Wilts for harrowing turnips before the hoers go in.

+

+=Abear=. To bear, to endure (S.). 'I can't abear to see the poor

+theng killed.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Abide=. To bear, to endure. 'I can't abide un nohow.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=About=. (1) _adv._ Extremely. Used to emphasize a statement, as

+''T'wer just about cold s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (2) At one's ordinary

+work again, after an illness. 'My missus were bad aal last wick wi'

+rheumatiz, but she be about agen now.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Acksen=. See ~Axen~.

+

+=Adder's-tongue=. _Listera ovata_, Br., Twayblade.--S.W.

+

+=Adderwort=. _Polygonum Bistorta_, L., Bistort.--S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+=Afeard=, =Aveard=. Afraid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Agalds=. Hawthorn berries. (_English Plant Names._) _Aggles_ in

+Devon.

+

+=Agg=. (1) To hack or cut clumsily (A.B.H.S.Wr.); also ~Aggle~ and

+~Haggle~.--N. & S.W. (2) To irritate, to provoke.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ahmoo=. A cow; used by mothers to children, as 'Look at they pretty

+ahmoos a-comin'!'--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Ailes=, =Eyles=, =Iles=, &c. The awns of barley (D.); cf. A.S.

+_egle_, an ear of corn, M.E. _eile_. Hail in _Great Estate_, ch.

+i.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Aisles of wheat=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=All-a-hoh=. All awry (A.B.C.H.Wr.); also ~All-a-huh~. Unevenly

+balanced, lop-sided. A.S. _awoh_. 'That load o' carn be

+aal-a-hoh.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=, =Allemang=, =All-o-mong=. Mingled together, as when

+two flocks of sheep are accidentally driven together and mixed up

+(A.B.G.H.S.Wr.). Seldom heard now.--N. & S.W.

+

+=All one as=. Just like. 'I be 'tirely blowed up all one as a

+drum.'--N.W. Compare--

+

+    ''Twere all as one to fix our hopes on Heaven

+    As on this vision of the golden year.'--TENNYSON.

+

+=All one for that=. For all that, notwithstanding, in spite of, as

+'It medn't be true all one for that.'--N.W.

+

+=Aloud=. 'That there meat stinks aloud,' smells very bad.--N.W.

+

+*=A-masked=. Bewildered, lost (_MS. Lansd._, in a letter dated 1697:

+H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+    'Leaving him more masked than he was before.'

+

+                                FULLER's _Holy War_, iii. 2.

+

+=Ameaed=. Aftermath. See note to Yeomath.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Anan=, ='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.); used by a labourer who does

+not quite comprehend his master's orders. ='Nan= (A.B.) is still

+occasionally used in N. Wilts, but it is almost obsolete.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anbye=. _adv._ Some time hence, presently, at some future time. 'I

+be main busy now, but I'll do't anbye.'--N.W.

+

+=Anchor=. The chape of a buckle (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=And that=. And all that sort of thing, and so forth. 'Well, he _do_

+have a drop tide-times and that.'--S.W.

+

+=Aneoust=, =Aneust=, =Anoust=, =Neust=, or =Noust=. Nearly, about the

+same (A.B.G.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Anighst=. Near (A.S.). 'Nobody's bin anighst us since you come.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Anneal=. A thoroughly heated oven, just fit for the batch of bread

+to be put in, is said to be nealded, i.e. annealed.--S.W.

+

+=Anoint=, ='Nint= (i long). To beat soundly. 'I'll 'nint ye when I

+gets home!' See ~Nineter~.--N.W.

+

+*=Anont=, =Anunt=. Against, opposite (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Any more than=. Except, although, only. 'He's sure to come any more

+than he might be a bit late.' Usually contracted into ~Moor'n~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Apple-bout=. An apple-dumpling. (Cf. ~Hop-about~.)--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Apple-owling=. Knocking down the small worthless fruit, or

+'griggles,' left on the trees after the apple crop has been gathered

+in. See ~Howlers~, ~Owlers~, and ~Owling~.--N.W.

+

+=Aps=. _Populus tremula_, L., Aspen; always so called by woodmen.

+This is the oldest form of the word, being from A.S. _aeps_, and is in

+use throughout the south and west of England. In _Round About a Great

+Estate_, ch. i. it is misprinted _asp_.--N.W.

+

+=Arg=. To argue, with a very strong sense of contradiction implied

+(S.). 'Dwoan't 'ee arg at I like that! I tell 'ee I zeed 'un!' See

+~Down-arg~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Arms=. 'The arms of a waggon,' such parts of the axle-tree as go

+into the wheels (_Cycl. of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Arra=, =Arra one=, =Arn=. See ~Pronouns~.

+

+=Array=, ='Ray=. To dress and clean corn with a sieve (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Arsmart=. _Polygonum Hydropiper_, L., and _P. Persicaria_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Ashore=, =Ashar=, =Ashard=. Ajar. 'Put the door ashard when you goes

+out.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ashweed=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Astore=. An expletive, as 'she's gone into the street _astore_'

+(H.). Perhaps connected with _astoor_, very soon, Berks, or _astore_,

+Hants:--

+

+    'The duck's [dusk] coming on; I'll be off in _astore_.'

+

+                             _A Dream of the Isle of Wight._

+

+It might then mean either 'this moment' or 'for a moment.'

+

+=At=. (1) 'At twice,' at two separate times. 'We'll ha' to vetch un

+at twice now.'--N.W. (2) 'Up at hill,' uphill. 'Th' rwoad be all up

+at hill.'--N.W.

+

+=Athin=. Within (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Athout=. Without; outside (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Attercop=. A spider. A.S. _atter-coppa_.--N.W. (Monkton Farleigh),

+still in use. Mr. Willis mentions that _Edderkop_ is still to be

+heard in Denmark.

+

+*=Attery=. Irascible (A.B.).

+

+=Away with=. Endure. This Biblical expression is still commonly used

+in Wilts. 'Her's that weak her can't away with the childern at no

+rate!'

+

+=Ax=. To ask (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Axen=. Ashes (A.B.); =Acksen= (_MS. Lansd._: G.H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+

+=Babies'-shoes=. _Ajuga reptans_, L., Common Bugle.--S.W.

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. (1) Wild Scabious (A.B.), _Scabiosa arvensis_,

+L., _S. Columbaria_, L., and perhaps _S. succisa_, L.--N.W. (2)

+_Corchorus Japonica_ (_Kerria Japonica_, L.).--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Back-friends=. Bits of skin fretted up at the base of the

+finger-nails.--N.W.

+

+*=Backheave=. To winnow a second time (D.).

+

+=Backside=. The back-yard of a house (A.B.).--N. & S.W., now obsolete.

+

+=Backsword=. A kind of single-stick play (A.H.Wr.). Obsolete, the

+game being only remembered by the very old men. For an account of it

+see _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi.--N.W.

+

+=Bacon=. To 'strick bacon,' to cut a mark on the ice in sliding; cf.

+to strike a 'candle.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bacon-and-Eggs=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Also

+called Eggs-and-Bacon.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bad, Bod=. To strip walnuts of their husks (A.B.H.Wr.); cf. E.

+_pod_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Badge=. _v._ To deal in corn, &c. See ~Badger~.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1576. Md. that I take order of the Badgers that they do name

+    the places where the Badgers do use to badge before they

+    resieve their lycens.... Md. to make pces [process] against all

+    the Badgers that doe badge without licence.'--Extracts from

+    Records of Wilts Quarter Sessions, _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xx. 327.

+

+*=Badger=. A corn-dealer (A.B.); used frequently in old accounts in

+N. Wilts, but now obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm for stayeinge Badgers & keepinge a note of there

+    names viijd.'--F. H. Goldney, _Records of Chippenham_, p. 202.

+

+Compare _bodger_, a travelling dealer (Harrison's _Description of

+England_, 1577), and _bogging_, peddling, in Murray. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Bag=. (1) _v._ To cut peas with a double-handed hook. Cf. ~Vag~.

+

+    'They cannot mow it with a sythe, but they cutt it with such a

+    hooke as they bagge pease with.'--Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+    p. 51, ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _n._ The udder of a cow (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bake, Beak=. (1) _v._ To chop up with a mattock the rough surface

+of land that is to be reclaimed, afterwards burning the parings

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii). See ~Burn-beak~. *(2) _n._ The curved

+cutting mattock used in 'beaking' (_Ibid._ ch. xii). (3) _n._ The

+ploughed land lying on the plat of the downs near Heytesbury, in

+Norton Bavant parish, is usually known as the ~Beaek~, or ~Bake~,

+probably from having been thus reclaimed. In the Deverills parts of

+many of the down farms are known as the ~Bake~, or, more usually, the

+~Burn-bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning,

+covered with 'flare.' See ~Faggot~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Ballarag, Bullyrag=. To abuse or scold at any one (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Balm of Gilead=. _Melittis Melissophyllum_, L., Wild Balm.

+

+=Bams=. Rough gaiters of pieces of cloth wound about the legs,

+much used by shepherds and others exposed to cold weather. Cf.

+~Vamplets~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The old man ... had bams on his legs and a sack fastened over

+    his shoulders like a shawl.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p.

+    141.

+

+=Bandy=. (1) A species of Hockey, played with _bandy sticks_ and a

+ball or piece of wood.--N. & S.W. (2) A crooked stick (S.).

+

+=Bane=. Sheep-rot (D.). ~Baned.~ Of sheep, afflicted with rot

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bang-tail=, or =Red Fiery Bang-tail=. _Phoenicurus ruticilla_, the

+Redstart.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+*=Bannet-hay=. A rick-yard (H.Wr.).

+

+=Bannis=. _Gasterosteus trachurus_, the Common Stickleback

+(A.B.H.Wr.). Also ~Bannistickle~ (A.B.), ~Bantickle~ (A.Wr.),

+and *~Bramstickle~ (S.). 'Asperagus (_quoedam piscis_) a

+ban-stykyll.'--_Ortus Vocab._ A.S. _ban_, bone, and _sticels_,

+prickle. (See N.E.D.).--S.W.

+

+*=Bannut=. Fruit of _Juglans regia_, L., the Walnut (A.B.).

+

+=Bantickle=. See ~Bannis~.

+

+*=Barber's Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel (Flower's

+_Flora of Wilts_). Also Brushes.--N.W.

+

+=Bargain=. A small landed property or holding. 'They have always been

+connected with that little bargain of land.'--N.W., still in use.

+Sir W. H. Cope, in his _Hants Glossary_, gives '_Bargan_, a small

+property; a house and garden; a small piece of land,' as used in N.

+Hants.

+

+=Barge=. (1) _n._ The gable of a house. Compare architectural

+_Barge-boards_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _v._ Before a hedge can

+be 'laid,' all its side, as well as the rough thorns, brambles, &c.,

+growing in the ditch, must be cut off. This is called 'barging out'

+the ditch.--N.W.

+

+=Barge-hook=. The iron hook used by thatchers to fasten the straw to

+the woodwork of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Barge-knife=. The knife used by thatchers in trimming off the straw

+round the eaves of the gable.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bargin=. The overgrowth of a hedge, trimmed off before 'laying.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Barken=. The enclosed yard near a farm-house (A.B.); ~Rick-Barken~,

+a rick-yard (A.), also used without prefix in this sense (_Wilts

+Tales_, p. 121).

+

+    'Barken, or Bercen, now commonly used for a yard or backside in

+    Wilts ... first signified the small croft or close where the

+    sheep were brought up at night, and secured from danger of the

+    open fields.'--Kennett's _Parochial Antiquities_.

+

+~Barton~ was formerly in very common use, but has now been displaced

+by _Yard_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barley-bigg=. A variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, p. 304).

+

+*=Barley-Sower=. _Larus canus_, the Common Gull (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+534).

+

+=Barm=. The usual Wilts term for yeast (A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Barn-barley=. Barley which has never been in rick, but has been

+kept under cover from the first, and is therefore perfectly dry and

+of high value for malting purposes (_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152).

+

+=Basket=. In some parts of S. Wilts potatoes are sold by the

+'basket,' or three-peck measure, instead of by the 'sack' or the

+'bag.'

+

+=Baskets=. _Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort Plantain.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.)

+

+=Bat-folding net=. The net used in 'bird-batting,' q.v. (A.): more

+usually 'clap-net.'

+

+=Bat-mouse=. The usual N. Wilts term for a bat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Batt=. A thin kind of oven-cake, about as thick as a tea-cake, but

+mostly crust.--N.W.

+

+*=Battledore-barley=. A flat-eared variety of barley (Aubrey's _Wilts

+MS._, p. 304: H.Wr.).

+

+=Baulk=. (1) ~Corn-baulk.~ When a 'land' has been accidentally passed

+over in sowing, the bare space is a 'baulk,' and is considered as

+a presage of some misfortune.--N.W. (2) A line of turf dividing a

+field.--N.W.

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+=Bavin=. An untrimmed brushwood faggot (A.B.S.): the long ragged

+faggot with two withes, used for fencing in the sides of sheds and

+yards; sometimes also applied to the ordinary faggot with one withe

+or band.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Bawsy=, =Borsy=, or =Bozzy=. Coarse, as applied to the fibre of

+cloth or wool. 'Bozzy-faced cloth bain't good enough vor I.'--S.W.

+(Trowbridge, &c.)

+

+=Bay=. (1) _n._ A dam across a stream or ditch.--N.W. (2) _v._ 'To

+bay back water,' to dam it back.--N.W. (3) _n._ The space between

+beam and beam in a barn or cows' stalls.--N.W.

+

+*=Beads=. _Sagina procumbens_, L., Pearlwort.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Beak=. See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Bearsfoot=. Hellebore.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Beat=. 'To beat clots,' to break up the hard dry lumps of old

+cow-dung lying about in a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Becall=. To abuse, to call names. 'Her do becall I shameful.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Bedwind=, =Bedwine=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-flower=. _Ophrys apifera_, Huds., Bee Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Bee-pot=. A bee-hive.--S.W.

+

+    'Lore ta zee zom on'ms hair,

+    Like girt bee pots a hanging there.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 43.

+

+=Been=, =Bin=. Because, since; a corruption of _being_ (B.S.). 'Bin

+as he don't go, I won't.'--N.W.

+

+=Bees=. A hive is a ~Bee-pot~. ~Bee-flowers~ are those purposely

+grown near an apiary, as sources of honey. Of swarms, only the first

+is a ~Swarm~, the second being a ~Smart~, and the third a ~Chit~. To

+follow a swarm, beating a tin pan, is ~Ringing~ or ~Tanging~.--N.W.

+

+*=Beet=. To make up a fire (A.B.C.G.). A.S. _betan_, to better; to

+mend a fire (Skeat).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Beetle=. (1) The heavy double-handed wooden mallet used in

+driving in posts, wedges, &c. ~Bittle~ (A.H.). ~Bwytle~ (S.). Also

+~Bwoitle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'On another [occasion] (2nd July, 25 Hen. VIII) ... William

+    Seyman was surety ... for the re-delivery of the tools,

+    "cuncta instrumenta videlicet Beetyll, Ax, Matock, and

+    Showlys."'--_Stray Notes from the Marlborough Court Books_,

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xix. 78.

+

+(2) The small mallet with which thatchers drive home their

+'spars.'--S.W.

+

+*=Beggar-weed=. _Cuscuta Trifolii_, Bab., Dodder; from its

+destructiveness to clover, &c. (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Bellock=. (1) To cry like a beaten or frightened child

+(A.B.).--N.W., rarely. (2) To complain, to grumble (_Dark_, ch.

+x.).--N.W.

+

+*=Belly vengeance=. Very small and bad beer.--N.W.

+

+    'Beer of the _very smallest_ description, real "belly

+    vengeance."'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 40.

+

+Cf.:--

+

+    'I thought you wouldn't appreciate the widow's tap.... Regular

+    whistle-belly vengeance, and no mistake!'--_Tom Brown at

+    Oxford_, xl.

+

+=Belt=. To trim away the dirty wool from a sheep's

+hind-quarters.--N.W.

+

+*=Bennet=. _v._ Of wood-pigeons, to feed on bennets (A.).

+

+    'They have an old rhyme in Wiltshire--

+

+        "Pigeons never know no woe

+        Till they a-benetting do go;"

+

+    meaning that pigeons at this time are compelled to feed on the

+    seed of the bent, the stubbles being cleared, and the crops not

+    ripe.'--_Akerman._

+

+=Bennets=, =Bents=. (1) Long coarse grass or rushes (B.).--N.W. (2)

+Seed-stalks of various grasses (A.); used of both withered stalks of

+coarse grasses and growing heads of cat's-tail, &c.--N. & S.W. (3)

+Seed-heads of Plantain, _Plantago major_, L., and _P. lanceolata_,

+L.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bents=. See ~Bennets~.

+

+=Bercen= (_c_ hard). See ~Barken~. 'This form of the word is given in

+_MS. Gough_, _Wilts_, 5, as current in Wilts' (H.K.Wr.).

+

+=Berry=. The grain of wheat (D.); as 'There's a very good berry

+to-year,' or 'The wheat's well-berried,' or the reverse. See _Old

+Country Words_, ii. and v.--N.W.

+

+=Berry-moucher=. (1) A truant. See ~Blackberry-moucher~ and ~Moucher~

+(A.).--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Moochers~.--N.W. (Huish.) Originally applied to children who went

+mouching from school in blackberry season, and widely used in this

+sense, but at Huish--and occasionally elsewhere--virtually confined

+to the berries themselves: often corrupted into ~Penny-moucher~

+or ~Perry-moucher~ by children. In _English Plant Names_ Mochars,

+_Glouc._, and Mushes, _Dev._, are quoted as being similarly applied

+to the fruit, which is also known as Mooches in the Forest of Dean.

+See Hal., sub. _Mich._

+

+=Besepts=. Except.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've a-got

+    narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts this!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 138.

+

+=Besom=, =Beesom=, =Bissom=, &c. A birch broom (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Betwit=. To upbraid (A.B.).

+

+=Bide=. (1) To stay, remain (A.S.). 'Bide still, will 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) To dwell (A.). 'Where do 'ee bide now, Bill?'

+'Most-in-general at 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bill Button=. _Geum rivale_, L., Water Avens.--S.W.

+

+=Bin=. See ~Been~.

+

+=Bird-batting=. Netting birds at night with a 'bat-folding' or

+clap-net (A.B., Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 15, ed. Brit.).

+Bird-battenen (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. (1) _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.

+& S.W. (2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W. (3)

+_Veronica officinalis_, L., Common Speedwell.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Bird's-nest=. The seed-head of Daucus Carota, L., Wild Carrot.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'The flower of the wild carrot gathers together as the seeds

+    mature, and forms a framework cup at the top of the stalk, like

+    a bird's-nest. These "bird's-nests," brown and weather-beaten,

+    endured far into the winter.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vii. p. 137.

+

+    'The whole tuft is drawn together when the seed is ripe,

+    resembling a bird's nest.'--_Gerarde._

+

+=Bird-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bird-squoilin=. See ~Squail~ (S.).

+

+=Bird-starving=. Bird-keeping.--N.W.

+

+    'This we call bird-keeping, but the lads themselves, with

+    an appreciation of the other side of the case, call it

+    "bird-starving."'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Birds'-wedding-day=. St. Valentine's Day.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Bishop-wort=. _Mentha aquatica_, L., Hairy Mint.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Bissom=. See ~Besom~.

+

+=Bittish=. _adj._ Somewhat. ''Twer a bittish cowld isterday.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bittle=. See ~Beetle~.

+

+=Biver=. To tremble, quiver, shiver as with a cold or fright (S.).

+Cp. A.S. _bifian_, to tremble.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Bivery=. _adj._ Shivery, tremulous. When a baby is just on the verge

+of crying, its lip quivers and is 'bivery.'--N.W.

+

+=Blackberry-moucher=. (1) A truant from school in the blackberry

+season (H.). See ~Berry-moucher, Mouch~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+    'A blackberry moucher, an egregious truant.'--_Dean Milles'

+    MS._, p. 180.

+

+(2) Hence, the fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry. See

+~Berry-moucher, Moochers~, &c.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+*=Blackberry-token=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Black-Bess=. See ~Black-Bob~.

+

+=Black-Bob=. A cockroach (S.). ~Black-Bess~ on Berks border.--S.W.

+

+=Black-boys=. (1) Flower-heads of Plantain.--N.W. (Huish.) (2) _Typha

+latifolia_, L., Great Reedmace.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+*=Black Couch=. A form of _Agrostis_ that has small wiry blackish

+roots (D). _Agrostis stolonifera._

+

+=Black Sally=. _Salix Caprea_, L., Great Round-leaved Sallow, from

+its dark bark (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv). Clothes-pegs are made from

+its wood.--N.W.

+

+*=Black Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, Great Spotted Woodpecker (_Birds

+of Wilts_, p. 253). Also known as the Gray Woodpecker.

+

+=Blades=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Blare, Blur=. To shout or roar out loudly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blatch=. (1) _adj._ Black, sooty (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _n._ Smut, soot.

+'Thuc pot be ael over blatch.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To blacken. 'Now dwon't

+'ee gwo an' blatch your veaece wi' thuc thur dirty zoot.'--N.W.

+

+=Bleachy=. Brackish.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Bleat=. Bleak, open, unsheltered. 'He's out in the bleat,'

+i.e. out in the open in bad weather. See K for examples of

+letter-change.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bleeding Heart=. _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L., the red Wallflower

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-hole=. _n._ A rabbit hole which ends in undisturbed soil,

+as opposed to a Pop-hole, q.v. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi. p.

+120).--N.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. A lock-up.

+

+    '1629. Item paied for makeing cleane the blind-house

+    vijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 204.

+

+=Blind-man=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, L., &c., the Red Poppy, which is

+locally supposed to cause blindness, if looked at too long.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Blink=. A spark, ray, or intermittent glimmer of light (A.B.). See

+~Flunk~.

+

+*=Blinking=. This adjective is used, in a very contemptuous sense, by

+several Wilts agricultural writers.

+

+    'A short blinking heath is found on many parts [of the

+    downs].'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    ~Compare:--~

+

+    ''Twas a little one-eyed blinking sort o' place.'--_Tess of the

+    D'Urbervilles_, vol. i. p. 10.

+

+*=Blissey=. A blaze (A.H.Wr.). A.S. _blysige_, a torch.

+

+=Blobbs, Water Blobs=. Blossoms of _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water

+Lily (A.B.); probably from the swollen look of the buds. Cf. ~Blub

+up~.

+

+=Blood-alley=. A superior kind of alley or taw, veined with deep red,

+and much prized by boys (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bloody Warr= The dark-blossomed Wallflower, _Cheiranthus Cheiri_, L.

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blooens=. See ~Bluens~.

+

+=Bloom=. Of the sun; to shine scorchingly (B.); to throw out heat as

+a fire. 'How the sun do bloom out atween the clouds!'--N.W.

+

+=Blooming=. Very sultry, as ''Tis a main blooming day.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Bloomy=. Sultry. ~Bloomy-hot.~ Excessively sultry (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Blooth, Blowth=. Bloom or blossom.--S.W.

+

+=Blossom=. A snow-flake. 'What girt blossoms 'twer to the snow

+isterday!'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Snow-flakes are called "blossoms." The word snow-flake is

+    unknown.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Blow=. Sheep and cattle 'blow' themselves, or get 'blowed,' from

+over-eating when turned out into very heavy grass or clover, the

+fermentation of which often kills them on the spot, their bodies

+becoming terribly inflated with wind. See the description of the

+'blasted' flock, in _Far from the Madding Crowd_, ch. xxi.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blowing=. A blossom (A.B.H.Wr.). See ~Bluen~.--N.W.

+

+=Blowth=. See ~Blooth~.

+

+=Blub up=. To puff or swell up. A man out of health and puffy about

+the face is said to look 'ter'ble blubbed up.' Cf. Blobbs.--N.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'My face was blown and blub'd with dropsy wan.'--_Mirror for

+    Magistrates._

+

+=Blue Bottle=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Buttons=. (1) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(2) _S. Columbaria_, L., Small Scabious.--S.W.

+

+=Blue Cat=. One who is suspected of being an incendiary. 'He has the

+name of a blue cat.' See ~Lewis's Cat~.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Blue Eyes=. _Veronica Chamaedrys_, L., Germander Speedwell.--N.W.

+

+=Blue Goggles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf. ~Greygles~

+or ~Greggles~.--S.W.

+

+=Bluen= or =Blooens=. _pl._ Blossoms (S.). Also used in Devon.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Blue-vinnied=. Covered with blue mould. See Vinney. Commoner in

+Dorset as applied to cheese, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Blunt=. 'A cold blunt,' a spell of cold weather. See Snow-blunt.

+Compare _Blunk_, a fit of stormy weather, which is used in the East

+of England.--N.W.

+

+=Blur=. See ~Blare~. In Raleigh's account of the fight in Cadiz Bay,

+he says that as he passed through the cross-fire of the galleys

+and forts, he replied 'with a blur of the trumpet to each piece,

+disdaining to shoot.'

+

+=Board=. To scold, to upbraid. 'Her boarded I just about.'--S.W.

+(occasionally.)

+

+=Boar Stag=. A boar which, after having been employed for breeding

+purposes for a time, is castrated and set aside for fattening (D.).

+Cf. ~Bull Stag~.--N.W.

+

+=Boat=. Children cut apples and oranges into segments, which they

+sometimes call 'pigs' or 'boats.'

+

+=Bob=. In a timber carriage, the hind pair of wheels with the long

+pole or lever attached thereto.--N.W. In Canada 'bob-sleds' are used

+for drawing logs out of the woods.

+

+*=Bobbant=. Of a girl, romping, forward (A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bobbish=. In good health (A.B.S.). 'Well, an' how be 'ee to-day?'

+'Purty bobbish, thank 'ee.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bob-grass=. _Bromus mollis_, L.--S.W.

+

+*=Bochant=. The same as ~Bobbant~ (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Bod=. See ~Bad~.

+

+=Boistins=. The first milk given by a cow after calving (A.). See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Beestings~).--N.W.

+

+=Bolt=. In basket-making, a bundle of osiers 40 inches round.

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv. p. 69).

+

+=Boltin=, =Boulting=. A sheaf of five or ten 'elms,' prepared

+beforehand for thatching. 'Elms' are usually made up on the spot, but

+are occasionally thus prepared at threshing-time, and tied up and

+laid aside till required, when they need only be damped, and are then

+ready for use. Cf. ~Bolt.~--N.W.

+

+=Bombarrel Tit=. _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii. p. 26). Jefferies considers this a corruption of

+'Nonpareil.'--N.W.

+

+=Book of Clothes=. See ~Buck~ (_Monthly Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Boon Days=. Certain days during winter on which farmers on the

+Savernake estate were formerly bound to haul timber for their

+landlord.

+

+*=Boreshore=. A hurdle-stake (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'This is a kind of hurdle stake which can be used in soft

+    ground without an iron pitching bar being required to bore

+    the hole first for it. Hence it is called bore-shore by

+    shepherds.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Borky=. (Baulky?) Slightly intoxicated.--S.W.

+

+*=Borsy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Bossell=. _Chrysanthemum segetum_, L., Corn Marigold (D.). ~Bozzell~

+(_Flowering Plants of Wilts_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bossy=, =Bossy-calf=. A young calf, whether male or female.--N.W.

+

+=Bottle=. The wooden keg, holding a gallon or two, used for beer in

+harvest-time (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bottle-tit=. _Parus caudatus_, L., the Long-tailed Titmouse.--N.W.

+

+=Bottom=. A valley or hollow in the downs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Boulting=. See ~Boltin~.

+

+=Bounceful=. Masterful, domineering. See ~Pounceful~.--N.W.

+

+=Bourne=. (1) _n._ A valley between the chalk hills; a river in such

+a valley; also river and valley jointly (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In South Wilts they say, such or such a bourn: meaning a

+    valley by such a river.'--Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 28.

+    Ed. Brit.

+

+(2) _v._ In gardening, when marking out a row of anything with pegs,

+you 'bourne' them, or glance along them to see that they are in

+line.--N.W.

+

+=Box= or =Hand-box=. The lower handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw, the

+upper handle being the ~Tiller~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Boy's-love=. _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Boys=. The long-pistilled or 'pin-eyed' flowers of the Primrose,

+_Primula vulgaris_, Huds. See ~Girls~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Bozzell=. See ~Bossell~.

+

+*=Bozzy=. See *~Bawsy~.

+

+=Brack=. _n._ A fracture, break, crack (S.). 'There's narra brack nor

+crack in 'un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Brain-stone=. A kind of large round stone (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 9, ed. Brit., H.Wr.). Perhaps a lump of water-worn fossil

+coral, such as occasionally now bears this name among N. Wilts

+cottagers.

+

+*=Bramstickle=. See ~Bannis~ (S.).

+

+=Brandy-bottles=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., Yellow Water-lily.--S.W.

+(Mere, &c.)

+

+=Brave=. _adj._ Hearty, in good health (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (1) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow

+Toadflax.--N. & S.W. (2) Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common

+Mallow (S.).--S.W. (3) Young leaves and shoots of _Crataegus

+Oxyacantha_, L., Hawthorn, eaten by children in spring (_English

+Plant Names_).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Bread-board=. The earth-board of a plough (D.). ~Broad-board~ in N.

+Wilts.

+

+=Break=. To tear. 'She'll break her gownd agen thuc tharn.' You still

+_break_ a bit of muslin, but to _tear_ a trace or a plate now grows

+obsolete.--N.W. Similarly used in Hants, as

+

+    'I have _a-torn_ my best decanter ... have _a-broke_ my fine

+    cambrick aporn.'--COPE'S _Hants Glossary_.

+

+=Brevet=, =Brivet=. (1) To meddle, interfere, pry into.--N.W.

+

+    'Who be you to interfere wi' a man an' he's vam'ly? Get awver

+    groundsell, or I'll stop thy brevettin' for a while.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xix.

+

+(2) _To brevet about_, to beat about, as a dog for game (A.).--N.W.

+Also ~Privet~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard; Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    '_Brivet_, a word often applied to children when they wander

+    about aimlessly and turn over things.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+    1893.

+

+*(3) To pilfer. 'If she'll brevet one thing, she'll brevet

+another.'--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+=Bribe=. To taunt, to bring things up against any one, to scold.

+'What d'ye want to kip a-bribing I o' that vur?'--N.W.

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) To rub grain out in the hand.--N.W. (2) To

+drop out of the husk, as over-ripe grain (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Brivet=. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Brize=. To press heavily on, or against, to crush down (S.). A

+loaded waggon 'brizes down' the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Broad-board=. See ~Bread-board~.

+

+=Broke-bellied=. Ruptured.--N.W.

+

+=Brook-Sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler; from one

+of its commonest notes resembling that of a sparrow (_Great Estate_,

+ch. vii; _Wild Life_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+    'At intervals [in his song] he intersperses a chirp, exactly

+    the same as that of the sparrow, a chirp with a tang in it.

+    Strike a piece of metal, and besides the noise of the blow,

+    there is a second note, or tang. The sparrow's chirp has such

+    a note sometimes, and the sedge-bird brings it in--tang,

+    tang, tang. This sound has given him his country name of

+    brook-sparrow.'--JEFFERIES, _A London Trout_.

+

+=Brow=. (1) _adj._ Brittle (A.B.C.H.Wr.); easily broken. Vrow at

+Clyffe Pypard. Also ~Frow~.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A fragment (_Wilts Arch.

+Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Brown=. 'A brown day,' a gloomy day (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Bruckle=. (Generally with _off_ or _away_.) _v._ To crumble away, as

+some kinds of stone when exposed to the weather (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 109); to break off easily, as the dead leaves on a dry

+branch of fir. Compare _brickle_=brittle (_Wisdom_, xv. 13), A.S.

+_brucol_=apt to break.--N.W.

+

+=Bruckley=. _adj._ Brittle, crumbly, friable, not coherent (S.).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Brush=. 'The brush of a tree,' its branches or head.--N.W.

+

+=Brushes=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. See

+~Clothes-brush~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Bubby-head=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buck=. A 'buck,' or 'book,' of clothes, a large wash--N.W.

+

+=Bucking=. A quantity of clothes to be washed (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Buddle=. To suffocate in mud. 'There! if he haven't a bin an'

+amwoast buddled hisel' in thuck there ditch!' Also used in Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Budgy=. Out of temper, sulky. A softened form of _buggy_,

+self-important, churlish, from the Old English and provincial

+_budge_, grave, solemn, &c. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 42

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. Cp. Milton,

+

+    'Those budge doctors of the stoic fur.'--_Comus._

+

+=Bullpoll=, =Bullpull=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., the rough tufts of

+tussocky grass which grow in damp places in the fields, and have to

+be cut up with a heavy hoe (_Great Estate_, ch. ii; _Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Bull Stag=. A bull which, having been superannuated as regards

+breeding purposes, is castrated and put to work, being stronger than

+an ordinary bullock. Cf. ~Boar Stag~.--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Bulrushes=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; from some

+nursery legend that Moses was hidden among its large leaves.--S.W.,

+rarely.

+

+=Bumble-berry=. Fruit of _Rosa canina_, L., Dog-rose.--N.W.

+

+=Bunce=. (1) _n._ A blow. 'Gie un a good bunce in the ribs.'--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To punch or strike.--N.W.

+

+=Bunch=. Of beans, to plant in bunches instead of rows (D.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Bunny=. A brick arch, or wooden bridge, covered with earth, across a

+'drawn' or 'carriage' in a water-meadow, just wide enough to allow a

+hay-waggon to pass over.--N.W.

+

+=Bunt=. (1) _v._ To push with the head as a calf does its dam's udder

+(A.); to butt; to push or shove up.--(_Bevis_, ch. x.) N.W. (2) _n._

+A push or shove.--N.W. (3) _n._ A short thick needle, as a 'tailor's

+bunt.' (4) _n._ Hence sometimes applied to a short thickset person,

+as a nickname.--S.W.

+

+=Bunty=. _adj._ Short and stout.--N.W.

+

+=Bur=. The sweetbread of a calf or lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Bur'=, =Burrow=, or =Burry=. (1) A rabbit-burrow (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) Any place of shelter, as the leeward side of a hedge (A.C.). 'Why

+doesn't thee coom and zet doon here in the burrow?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Burl=. (1) 'To burl potatoes,' to rub off the grown-out shoots

+in spring.--N.W. (2) The original meaning was to finish off cloth

+or felt by removing knots, rough places, loose threads, and other

+irregularities of surface, and it is still so used in S. Wilts (S.).

+

+=Burn=. 'To burn a pig,' to singe the hair off the dead carcase.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Burn-bake= (or =-beak=). (1) To reclaim new land by paring and

+burning the surface before cultivation (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii). See ~Bake~. (2) To improve old arable land by treating it in

+a similar way (_Ibid._ ch. xii). ~Burn-beke~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 103. Ed. Brit., where the practice is said to have been

+introduced into S. Wilts by Mr. Bishop of Merton, about 1639). (3)

+_n._ Land so reclaimed. See ~Bake~.--S.W.

+

+=Burrow=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+=Burry=. See ~Bur'~.

+

+='Buseful=. Foul-mouthed, abusive.--N.W.

+

+=Bush=. (1) _n._ A heavy hurdle or gate, with its bars interlaced

+with brushwood and thorns, which is drawn over pastures in spring,

+and acts like a light harrow (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iv).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bush-harrow a pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Butchers' Guinea-pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Guinea-pigs~.--S.W.

+

+=Butter-and-Eggs=. (1) _Narcissus incomparabilis_, Curt., Primrose

+Peerless.--N. & S.W. (2) _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax

+(_Great Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttercup=. At Huish applied only to _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L.,

+Lesser Celandine, all other varieties of Crowfoot being 'Crazies'

+there.

+

+=Butter-teeth=. The two upper incisors.--N.W.

+

+=Buttons=. Very young mushrooms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Buttry=. A cottage pantry (A.B.).--N.W., now almost obsolete.

+

+=Butt-shut=. (1) To join iron without welding, by pressing the heated

+ends squarely together, making an imperceptible join (_Village

+Miners_). See ~Shut~. (2) Hence a glaringly inconsistent story or

+excuse is said 'not to butt-shut' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Butty=. A mate or companion in field-work (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=By-the-Wind=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+

+*=Caa-vy= (? Calfy). A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cack=. See ~Keck~.

+

+*=Cack-handed=, *=Cag-handed=. Extremely awkward and unhandy: clumsy

+to the last degree (_Village Miners_). Other dialect words for

+'awkward' are Dev., _cat-handed_, Yorks., _gawk-handed_, and Nhamp.,

+_keck-handed_. Cf. ~Cam-handed~.

+

+=Caddle=. (1) _n._ Dispute, noise, row, contention (A.); seldom or

+never so used now.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'What a caddle th' bist a makin', Jonas!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 82.

+

+    'If Willum come whoam and zees two [candles] a burnin', he'll

+    make a vi-vi-vine caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 42.

+

+(2) _n._ Confusion, disorder, trouble (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a caddle,

+    alang o' they childern.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(3) _v._ To tease, to annoy, to bother (A.B.C.). See ~Caddling~. 'Now

+dwoan't 'e caddle I zo, or I'll tell thee vather o' thee!' 'I be main

+caddled up wi' ael they dishes to weish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    ''Tain't no use caddlin I--I can't tell 'ee no more.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. viii.

+

+(4) _v._ To hurry. 'To caddle a horse,' to drive him over-fast.--N.W.

+(5) _v._ To loaf about, only doing odd jobs. 'He be allus a caddlin'

+about, and won't never do nothin' reg'lar.'--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To

+mess about, to throw into disorder. 'I don't hold wi' they binders

+[the binding machines], they do caddle the wheat about so.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Caddlesome=. Of weather, stormy, uncertain. ''T 'ull be a main

+caddlesome time for the barley.'--S.W.

+

+=Caddling=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, stormy, uncertain.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_adj._ Quarrelsome, wrangling (C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear, Zo up a snapped the

+    caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+    'A cadling fellow, a wrangler, a shifting, and sometimes an

+    unmeaning character.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) _adj._ Meddlesome (S.), teasing (_Monthly Mag._, 1814);

+troublesome, worrying, impertinent (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Little Nancy was as naisy and as caddlin' as a wren, that a

+    was'.--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+*(4) Chattering (_Monthly Mag._, 1814): probably a mistake.

+

+=Caffing rudder=. See ~Caving rudder~.

+

+*=Cag-handed=. See ~Cack-handed~.

+

+=Cag-mag=. Bad or very inferior meat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cains-and-Abels=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Columbine.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+*=Calf-white=. See ~White~.

+

+=Call=. Cause, occasion. 'You've no call to be so 'buseful'

+[abusive].--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call home=. To publish the banns of marriage (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd

+    _whoam_ to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--SLOW.

+

+*=Callow-wablin=. An unfledged bird (A.).--S.W.

+

+=Callus-stone=. A sort of gritty earth, spread on a board for

+knife-sharpening (Wilts Arch. Mag. vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+(Cherhill, &c.)

+

+=Calves'-trins=. Calves' stomachs, used in cheese-making. A.S.

+_trendel_. See ~Trins~. Halliwell and Wright give _'Calf-trundle_,

+the small entrails of a calf.'--N.W.

+

+*=Cam=. Perverse, cross. Welsh _cam_, crooked, wry.--N.W.

+

+    'A 's as cam and as obstinate as a mule.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    138.

+

+    'They there wosbirds [of bees] zimd rayther cam and

+    mischievul.'--_Springtide_, p. 47.

+

+=Cam-handed=. Awkward.--N.W.

+

+*=Cammock=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow (D.).

+

+=Cammocky=. Tainted, ill-flavoured, as cheese or milk when the cows

+have been feeding on cammock. See ~Gammotty~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Canary-seed=. Seed-heads of Plantain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Candle=. 'To strike a candle,' to slide, as school-boys do, on the

+heel, so as to leave a white mark along the ice.--S.W.

+

+=Cank=. To overcome (H.Wr.): perhaps a perversion of _conquer_. The

+winner 'canks' his competitors in a race, and you 'cank' a child when

+you give it more than it can eat.--N.W.

+

+=Canker=. Fungus, toadstool (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Canker-berries=. Wild Rose hips. ~Conker-berries~ (S.).--S.W.

+(Salisbury, &c.).

+

+=Canker-rose=. The mossy gall on the Dog-rose, formed by _Cynips

+rosae_; often carried in the pocket as a charm against rheumatism

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Cappence=. The swivel-joint of the old-fashioned flail, _Capel_ in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carpet=. To blow up, to scold; perhaps from the scene of the

+fault-finding being the parlour, not the bare-floored kitchen.

+'Measter carpeted I sheamvul s'marning.' 'I had my man John on the

+carpet just now and gave it him finely.'--N.W.

+

+=Carriage=. A water-course, a meadow-drain (A. B. G. H. Wr.). In S.

+Wilts the _carriages_ bring the water into and through the meadow,

+while the _drawn_ takes it back to the river after its work is

+done.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carrier=, =Water-carrier=. A large water-course (_Wild Life_, ch.

+xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Carry along=. To prove the death of, to bring to the grave. 'I be

+afeard whe'er that 'ere spittin' o' blood won't car'n along.'--N.W.

+

+=Cart=. 'At cart,' carrying or hauling, as 'We be at wheat cart

+[coal-cart, dung-cart, &c.] to-day.--N.W.

+

+=Casalty=. See ~Casulty~.

+

+=Cass'n=. Canst not (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cassocks=. Couch-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Casulty=. (1) _adj._ Of weather, unsettled, broken (_Green Ferne

+Farm_, ch. i). ~Casalty~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N.

+& S.W. (2) Of crops, uncertain, not to be depended on. Plums, for

+instance, are a 'casalty crop,' some years bearing nothing.--N.W.

+

+*=Cat-gut=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf; so called by children when

+drawn out so as to look like fiddle-strings (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Cat-Kidney=. A game somewhat resembling cricket, played with a

+wooden 'cat' instead of a ball.--N.W. (Brinkworth.)

+

+=Cat's-ice=. White ice, ice from which the water has receded.--N. &

+S.W. (Steeple Ashton, &c.).

+

+    'They stood at the edge, cracking the cat's-ice, where the

+    water had shrunk back from the wheel marks, and left the frozen

+    water white and brittle.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 153.

+

+=Cats'-love=. Garden Valerian, on which cats like to roll.--S.W.

+

+*=Cats'-paws=. Catkins of willow while still young and downy.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Cats'-tails=. (1) _Equisetum_, Horse-tail (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ii).--N.W. (2) The catkin of the willow.--N.W. (Lyneham.) (3) The

+catkin of the hazel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Catch=. (1) Of water, to film over, to begin to freeze. ~Keach~,

+~Keatch~, ~Kitch~, or ~Ketch~ (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A bright clear moon is credited with causing the water to

+    "catch"--that is, the slender, thread-like spicules form on

+    the surface, and, joining together, finally cover it.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. xx.

+

+Also see _Bevis_, ch. xl. (2) To grow thick, as melted fat when

+setting again.--N. & S.W. *(3) 'To catch and rouse,' to collect

+water, &c.

+

+    'In the catch-meadows ... it is necessary to make the

+    most of the water by catching and rousing it as often as

+    possible.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xi.

+

+*(4) _n._ The same as Catch-meadow (_Ibid._ ch. xii).

+

+*=Catch-land=. The arable portion of a common field, divided into

+equal parts, whoever ploughed first having the right to first choice

+of his share (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Catch-meadow=, =Catch-work meadow=, or =Catch=. A meadow on the

+slope of a hill, irrigated by a stream or spring, which has been

+turned so as to fall from one level to another through the carriages

+(_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).

+

+=Catching=, =Catchy=. Of weather, unsettled, showery (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. iii. p. 11).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Caterpillar=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+=Cattikeyns=. Fruit of the ash.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Cave=. (1) _n._ The chaff of wheat and oats (D.): in threshing,

+the broken bits of straw, &c. ~Cavin~, ~Cavings~, or ~Keavin~ in N.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To separate the short broken straw from

+the grain.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cavin, Cavings=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+*=Caving-rake=. The rake used for separating cavings and grain on the

+threshing-floor.

+

+=Caving= (or =Caffing=) =rudder=, or =rudderer=. *(1) The winnowing

+fan and tackle (D.).--S.W. (2) A coarse sieve used by carters to get

+the straw out of the horses' chaff.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cawk=, =Cawket=. To squawk out, to make a noise like a hen

+when disturbed on her nest, &c. 'Ther's our John, s'naw [dost

+know?]--allus a messin' a'ter the wenchin, s'naw--cawin' an'

+cawkettin' like a young rook, s'naw,--'vore a can vly, s'naw,--boun'

+to coom down vlop _he_ war!' ~Caa-kinn~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard; Seagry, &c.)

+

+*=Centry=. _Anagallis tenella_, L., Bog Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Cham=. To chew (A.B.C.S.). 'Now cham thee vittles up well.' An older

+form of _Champ_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Champ=. To scold in a savage snarling fashion. 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo

+an' champ zo at I!' Used formerly at Clyffe Pypard.--N.W.

+

+=Chan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. (1) _v._ Of ground, to crack apart with heat.--N & S.W. (2)

+_n._ A crack in the soil, caused by heat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Charm=. (1) _n._ 'All in a charm,' all talking loud together.

+A.S. _cyrm_, clamour (A.H.S.), especially used of the singing of

+birds. See Kingsley's _Prose Idylls_, i. Also used of hounds in full

+cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thousands of starlings, the noise of whose calling to each

+    other is indescribable--the country folk call it a "charm,"

+    meaning a noise made up of innumerable lesser sounds, each

+    interfering with the other.'--_Wild Life_, ch. xii.

+

+Cp, Milton,

+

+    'Charm of earliest birds.'--_P. L._, ii. 642.

+

+(2) _v._ To make a loud confused noise, as a number of birds, &c.,

+together.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ 'To charm bees,' to follow a swarm of

+bees, beating a tea-tray, &c.--N.W. (Marlborough).

+

+=Chatter-mag=, =Chatter-pie=. A chattering woman.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chawm=, =Chawn=. A crack in the ground (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Cheese-flower=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--S.W.

+

+=Cheeses=. Fruit of _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chemise=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--S.W. (Little

+Langford.) This name was given us as ~Chemise~, but would probably be

+pronounced as ~Shimmy~.

+

+=Cherky=. Having a peculiar dry taste, as beans (_Village

+Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cherry-pie=. _Valeriana officinalis_, L., All-heal, from its

+smell.--S.W.

+

+=Cheure=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chevil= (or =Chevril=) =Goldfinch=. A large variety of goldfinch,

+with a white throat. See _Birds of Wilts_, p. 203, for a full

+description of the bird.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chewree=. See ~Choor~.

+

+=Chib=. 'Potato-chibs,' the grown-out shoots in spring. See

+~Chimp~.--S.W.

+

+=Chiddlens=, =Chiddlins=. Pigs' chitterlings (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Children of Israel=. *(1) A small garden variety of _Campanula_,

+from the profusion of its blossoms (_English Plant Names_). (2)

+_Malcolmia maritima_, Br., Virginian Stock, occasionally.

+

+=Chilver=, =Chilver-lamb=. A ewe lamb (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Chilver-hog=. A ewe under two years old (D.). The word hog is now

+applied to any animal of a year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver

+hog sheep. 'Chilver' is a good Anglo-Saxon word, 'cilfer,' and is

+related to the word 'calf.' A chilver hog sheep simply means in the

+dialect of the Vale of Warminster, a female lamb a year old. See

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii. 303.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chimney-sweeps=. Flowering-heads of some grasses.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Chimney-sweepers=. _Luzula campestris_, Willd., Field

+Wood-rush.--N.W.

+

+=Chimp=. (1) _n._ The grown-out shoot of a stored potato (S.); also

+Chib.--S.W. (2) _v._ To strip off the 'chimps' before planting.--S.W.

+

+=Chink=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch; from its note.--S.W.

+

+=Chinstey=. _n._ The string of a baby's cap.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) A

+horse's chin-strap.--S.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Oh! Mo-ather! Her hath chuck'd me wi' tha chingstey [caught

+    me by the back-hair and choked me with the cap-string].'--_The

+    Exmoor Scolding_, p. 17.

+

+=Chip=. The fore-shoot of a plough.--S.W.

+

+=Chipples=. Young onions grown from seed. Cf. ~Gibbles~ and

+~Cribbles~.--S.W.

+

+=Chisley=. _adj._ Without coherence, as the yolk of an over-boiled

+egg, or a very dry cheese. When land gets wet and then dries too

+fast, it becomes chisley. Compare:--'_Chizzly_, hard, harsh and dry:

+_East_,' in Hal.--S.W.

+

+=Chism=. To germinate, to bud (A.B.C.). 'The wheat doesn't make much

+show yet, John.' 'No, zur, but if you looks 'tes aal chisming out

+ter'ble vast.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chit=. (1) _n._ The third swarm of bees from a hive.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bud or spring (A.B.C.). 'The whate be chitting a'ter thease

+rains.'--N.W.

+

+=Chitchat=. _Pyrus Aucuparia_, Gaertn., Mountain Ash.--S.W.

+

+=Chitterlings=. Pigs' entrails when cleaned and boiled (A.B.);

+~Chiddlens~ (H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Chivy=. _Fringilla coelebs_, the Chaffinch.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Choor=. (1) _v._ To go out as a charwoman (A.); ~Cheure,

+Chewree-ring~ (H.Wr.); ~Char~ (A.S.). Still in use.--N.W. (2) _n._ A

+turn, as in phrase 'One good choor deserves another' (A.). Still in

+use.--N.W.

+

+=Chop=. To exchange (A.B.S.). 'Wool ye chop wi' I, this thing for

+thuck?' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Chore=. A narrow passage between houses (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2);

+see N.E.D. (~s.v. Chare~).

+

+=Christian Names=. The manner in which a few of these are pronounced

+may here be noted:--_Allburt_, Albert; _Allfurd_, Alfred; _Charl_ or

+_Chas_, Charles; _Etherd_, Edward; _Rich't_ or _Richet_, Richard;

+_Robbut_, Robert; &c.

+

+=Chuffey=. Chubby. 'What chuffey cheeks he've a got, to be

+showr!'--S.W.

+

+=Chump=. A block of wood (A.B.); chiefly applied to the short lengths

+into which crooked branches and logs are sawn for firewood (_Under

+the Acorns_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ciderkin=, ='Kin=. The washings after the best cider is made.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clacker=. The tongue (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clackers=. A pair of pattens (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clangy=, =Clengy=, or =Clungy=. Of bad bread, or heavy ground,

+clingy, sticky.--N.W.

+

+=Claps=. _n._ and _v._ clasp (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clat=. See ~Clot~.

+

+=Clattersome=, =Cluttersome=. Of weather, gusty.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Claut=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clavy=, =Clavy-tack=. A mantelpiece (A.B.C.).--N.W., now almost

+obsolete. Strictly speaking, _clavy_ is merely the beam which

+stretches across an old-fashioned fireplace, supporting the wall.

+Where there is a mantelpiece, or _clavy-tack_, it comes just above

+the _clavy_.

+

+=Clean=. 'A clean rabbit,' one that has been caught in the nets, and

+is uninjured by shot or ferret, as opposed to a 'broken,' or damaged

+one. (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi. p. 212).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cleat=, =Cleet=. (1) The little wedge which secures the head of an

+axe or hammer.--N.W. *(2) _n._ A patch (A.B.C.).--N.W. *(3) _v._ To

+mend with a patch (A.B.C.)--N.W. *(4) Occasionally, to strengthen by

+bracing (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. Sticky, clammy; applied to imperfectly fermented bread, or

+earth that will not work well in ploughing.--N.W.

+

+=Cleet=. See ~Cleat~.

+

+=Clengy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+=Clim=. To climb (A.S.). A cat over-fond of investigating the

+contents of the larder shelves is a 'clim-tack,' or climb-shelf.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Clinches=. The muscles of the leg, just under the knee-joint.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clinkerbell=. An icicle.--S.W. (Som. bord.) occasionally.

+

+=Clitch=. The groin.--N.W.

+

+=Clite=, =Clit=. (1) _n._ 'All in a clite,' tangled, as a child's

+hair. A badly groomed horse is said to be 'aal a clit.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To tangle. 'How your hair do get clited!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clites=, =Clytes=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass (A.). Usually

+pl., but Jefferies has sing., ~Clite~, in _Wild Life_, ch. ix.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Clitty=. Tangled, matted together.--S.W.

+

+=Clock=. A dandelion seed-head, because children play at telling the

+time of day by the number of puffs it takes to blow away all its

+down.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cloddy=. Thick, plump, stout (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Clog-weed=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Clot=. A hard lump of dry cow-dung, left on the surface of a

+pasture. See ~Cow-clat~.--N.W.

+

+    'On pasture farms they beat clots or pick up stones.'--R.

+    JEFFERIES, Letter to _Times_, Nov. 1872.

+

+    '1661. Itm p^d Richard Sheppard & Old Taverner for beating

+    clatts in Inglands, 00. 04. 08.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p.

+    226.

+

+*=Clote=. _n._ _Verbascum Thapsus_, L., Great Mullein (_Aubrey's

+Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Clothes-brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel. Cf.

+~Brushes~.--S.W.

+

+=Clottiness=. See ~Cleaty~. Clottishness (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+    'The peculiar churlishness (provincially, "clottiness") of a

+    great part of the lands of this district, arising perhaps from

+    the cold nature of the sub-soil.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+    p. 51.

+

+=Clout=. (1) _n._ A box on the ear, a blow (A.B.C.S.). See ~Clue~.

+'I'll gie thee a clout o' th' yead.'--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To

+strike.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clue=. 'A clue in the head,' a knock on the head (_Village Miners_).

+A box on the ear. Cf. _clow_, Winchester College. See ~Clout~.--N.W.

+

+=Clum=. To handle clumsily (A.B.), roughly, boisterously, or

+indecently (C.).--N.W.

+

+=Clumbersome=. Awkward, clumsy.--N.W.

+

+=Clumper=, =Clumber=. A heavy clod of earth.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Clums=. _pl._ Hands. 'I'll keep out o' thee clums, I'll warnd I

+will!'--N.W. ~Clumps~ is used in S. Wilts in a similar way, but

+generally of the feet (S.), and always implies great awkwardness,

+as 'What be a treadin' on my gownd vor wi' they girt ugly clumps o'

+yourn?'

+

+=Clungy=. See ~Clangy~.

+

+*=Cluster-of-five=. The fist. ~Cluster-a-vive~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Clutter=. _n._ Disorder, mess, confusion. 'The house be ael in a

+clutter to-day wi' they childern's lease-carn.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cluttered=. (1) 'Caddled,' over-burdened with work and worry.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    '"_Cluttered up_" means in a litter, surrounded with too many

+    things to do at once.'--JEFFERIES, _Field and Hedgerow_, p. 189.

+

+*(2) Brow-beaten. Said to have been used at Warminster formerly.

+

+=Cluttersome=. See ~Clattersome~.

+

+=Cluttery=. Showery and gusty.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyders=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass.--S.W.

+

+*=Clyten=. *(1) _n._ An unhealthy appearance, particularly in

+children (A.B.C.).--N.W., obsolete. *(2) _n._ An unhealthy child

+(C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Clytenish=. _adj._ Unhealthy-looking, pale, sickly

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Clytes=. See ~Clites~.

+

+*=Coath=. Sheep-rot (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cobbler's-knock=. 'To do the cobbler's knock,' to slide on one foot,

+tapping the ice meanwhile with the other.--S.W.

+

+*=Cob-nut=. A game played by children with nuts (A.B.).--S.W.

+

+=Cockagee=, =Cockygee= (_g_ hard). A kind of small hard sour cider

+apple. Ir. _cac a' gheidh_, goose-dung, from its greenish-yellow

+colour (see N.E.D., ~s.v. Coccagee~).--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Cocking-fork=. A large hay-fork, used for carrying hay from the cock

+into the summer-rick.--S.W.

+

+*=Cocking-poles=. Poles used for the same purpose.--N.W.

+

+=Cockles=. Seed-heads of _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard).

+

+=Cock's Egg=. The small eggs sometimes first laid by pullets.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Cock-shot=. A cock-shy: used by boys about Marlborough and

+elsewhere. 'I say, there's a skug [squirrel]--let's have a cock-shot

+at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cock's-neckling=. 'To come down cock's-neckling,' to fall head

+foremost (H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cock's-nests=. The nests so often built and then deserted by the

+wren, without any apparent cause.--N.W.

+

+*=Cock-sqwoilin=. Throwing at cocks at Shrovetide (A.Wr.). See

+~Squail~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1755. Paid expenses at the Angel at a meeting when the By Law

+    was made to prevent Throwing at Cocks, 0.10.6.'--Records of

+    _Chippenham_, p. 244.

+

+=Cocky-warny=. The game of leap-frog.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Cod-apple=. A wild apple (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xiv. 177).

+

+=Codlins-and-cream=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb; from its smell when crushed in the hand. Cf.

+~Sugar-Codlins~.--S.W.

+

+*=Coglers=. The hooks, with cogged rack-work for lifting or lowering,

+by which pots and kettles were formerly hung over open fireplaces.

+Now superseded by _Hanglers_.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Colley=. (1) A collar.--N. & S.W. *(2) Soot or grime from a pot or

+kettle (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'Brief as the lightning in the collied night.'--_Midsummer

+    Night's Dream._

+

+    'Thou hast not collied thy face enough.'--JONSON'S ~Poetaster~.

+

+=Colley-maker=. A saddler. See ~Colley~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Colley-strawker=. A milker or 'cow-stroker.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Colt's-tail=. A kind of cloud said to portend rain.--N.W.

+

+    'The colt's tail is a cloud with a bushy appearance like a

+    ragged fringe, and portends rain.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=Comb=, =Coom=. (1) _n._ The lower ledge of a window (Kennett's

+_Paroch. Antiq._). (2) _n._ Grease from an axle-box, soot, dirt, &c.

+~Koomb~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Comb-and-Brush=. _Dipsacus sylvestris_, L., Wild Teasel.--S.W.

+

+=Combe=, =Coombe=. (1) The wooded side of a hill (D.); used

+occasionally in this sense in both Wilts and Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) A narrow valley or hollow in a hillside. This is the proper

+meaning.--N. & S.W. Used of a narrow valley in the woodlands in

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. i.

+

+=Come of=. To get the better of, to grow out of. 'How weak that child

+is about the knees, Sally!' 'Oh, he'll come o' that all right, Miss,

+as he do grow bigger.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Come to land=. Of intermittent springs, to rise to the surface and

+begin to flow (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W.

+

+=Comical=. (1) Queer-tempered. 'Her's a comical 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) Out of health. 'I've bin uncommon comical to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) Cracky, queer. 'He's sort o' comical in his head, bless 'ee.'--N.

+& S.W. 'A cow he's a comical thing to feed; bin he don't take care

+he's very like to choke hisself.'--N.W. (Marlborough.) It should

+be noted that Marlborough folk are traditionally reputed to call

+everything _he_ but a bull, and that they always call _she_!

+

+=Coney-burry=. A rabbit's hole.--S.W. (Amesbury.)

+

+=Coniger=, =Conigre=. This old word, originally meaning a

+rabbit-warren, occurs frequently in Wilts (as at Trowbridge) as the

+name of a meadow, piece of ground, street, &c. See _Great Estate_,

+note to ch. ix.

+

+=Conker-berries=. See ~Canker-berries~.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers= (i.e. _conquerors_). (1) A boy's game, played

+with horse-chestnuts strung on cord, the players taking it in

+turn to strike at their opponent's conk, in order to crack and

+disable it.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2) Hence, the fruit of _Aesculus

+Hippocastanum_, L., Horse-chestnut.--N.W.

+

+=Coob=. A hen-coop (H.): invariably so pronounced.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cooby=. A snug corner. See ~Cubby-hole~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coom=. See ~Comb~.

+

+*=Coombe-bottom=. A valley in a hillside (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+See ~Combe~.

+

+=Coom hedder=. (A.S.). See ~Horses~.

+

+=Coop! Coop!= The usual call to cows, &c., to come in.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Coopy-house=. A very small house or cottage (S.). See

+~Cubby-hole~.--S.W.

+

+*=Cooted=. Cut slanting, sloped off, as the ends of the upper part of

+an oblong hay-rick (D.).

+

+    'Hayricks are usually made round; sometimes oblong with cooted

+    ends, not gable ends.'--_Agric. of Wilts._

+

+=Cord=. 'A cord of plocks,' a pile of cleft wood, 8 ft. long and 4

+ft. in girth and width (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Corn-baulk=. See ~Baulk~ (1).

+

+=Corndrake=. _Crex pratensis_, the Landrail; almost invariably so

+called about Warminster and in some parts of N. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Corn-grate=. The Cornbrash formation (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 164).

+

+*=Corn Grit=. Quarrymen's term for one of the building stone beds of

+the Portland series (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+*=Corn Pop=. _Silene inflata_, Sm., Bladder Campion.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Corruptions=. Some of these are curious, and perhaps worth

+recording, as _Rainball_, rainbow (always used at Huish);

+_Lattiprack_, paralytic; _Nuffin-idols_, Love-in-idleness; _Polly

+Andrews_, Polyanthus. Also see _Nolens-volens_. Bronchitis is

+always _Brantitus_, and Jaundice always _The Janders_, plural.

+Persuade is always _Suade_. The crab-apple is usually _Grab_ in N.

+Wilts. At Etchilhampton we find _Plump_ for pump, and _Moth_ for

+moss, while at Huish and elsewhere proud flesh is always _Ploughed

+flesh_. _Pasmet_, parsnip, and the universal _Turmut_, turnip, may

+be noted as illustrating a curious letter-change. _Varley-grassey_,

+gone green, is evidently from verdigris. In _Great Estate_, ch. iv,

+Jefferies traces _Meejick_ ('a sort of a _Meejick'_=anything very

+strange or unusual) back to menagerie. Cavalry becomes _Cavaltry_,

+meaning horsemen, and crockery is usually _Crockerty_. Other more or

+less common perversions of words are _Patty Carey_, Hepatica; _Chiny

+Oysters_, China Aster; _Turkemtime_, turpentine; _Absence_, abscess

+(Cherhill); _Abrupt_, to approve (Huish); _Tiddle_, to tickle;

+_Cribble_, a cripple; _Strive_ (of a tree), to thrive (Steeple

+Ashton); _Hurly-gurly_, a hurdy-gurdy (S.W.); _Midger_, to measure;

+_Cherm_, to churn (_Slow_, S.W.); _Rumsey-voosey_, to rendezvous,

+as 'He went a rumsy-voosing down the lane to meet his sweetheart';

+_Dapcheek_, a dabchick; _Drilly-drally_, to hesitate, to dawdle over

+anything; _Kiddle_, a kettle.

+

+=Couch=, =Cooch=. Couch-grass in general.--N. & S.W. ~Black Couch~,

+_Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~White Couch~, _Triticum repens_ (D.);

+~Couchy-bent~, _Agrostis stolonifera_ (D.); ~Knot Couch~, _Avena

+elatior_.

+

+=Couchy-bent=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=Count=. To expect or think. 'I don't count as he'll come.'--N.W.

+

+*=Coventree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder rose.--S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Coven-tree common about Chalke and Cranbourn Chase; the

+    carters doe make their whippes of it.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, p.

+    56, Ed. Brit.

+

+*=Coward=. _adj._ Pure: used of unskimmed milk. Cf. 'cowed milk,'

+Isle of Wight (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110).--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+*=Cow-baby=. A childish fellow, a simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Cow-clap=. A form of ~Cow-clat~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+=Cow-clat=, =Cow-clap=. A pat of cow-dung (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Cow-down=. A cow-common (_Agric. Survey_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Cows-and-Calves=. (1) _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (2)

+When a saw has alternately long and short teeth, they are known as

+_cows_ and _calves_ respectively.--N.W.

+

+=Cowshard=. Cow-clat.--N.W.

+

+*=Cowshorne=. Cow-clats. Obsolete.

+

+    'The poore people gather the cowshorne in the

+    meadows.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 192.

+

+*=Cow-white=. See ~White~.

+

+*=Crab=. To abuse (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Compare

+North Eng. _crab_, to provoke, and _crob_, to reproach. Originally

+a hawking term, hawks being said to _crab_ when they stood too

+near and fought one with another. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 81

+(Smythe-Palmer).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Crandum=. The throat (S.).--N.W.

+

+    'I first heard this word near Hungerford, where some farm hands

+    were having a spree. There was a six-gallon jar of beer on the

+    table, which they were continually smacking with their hands,

+    whilst they sang in chorus:--

+

+        "Let it run down yer crandum,

+        An' jolly will we be," &c.

+

+    I have only heard it applied to the human throat, never to that

+    of an animal.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+*=Crap=. Assurance (H.Wr.). There is probably some mistake here.

+

+=Craw=. The crop of a bird; hence, the bosom (A.). 'A spelt th' drenk

+down 's craw,' he spilt it down his bosom (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Crazy=, =Craisey=, =Craizey=. The Buttercup (A.B.H.Wr.). Buttercups

+in general, _Ranunculus acris_, _R. bulbosus_, _R. repens_, and often

+_R. Ficaria_ also, but at Huish never applied to the last-named. In

+Deverill the term _Craizies_ is restricted to the Marsh Marigold. See

+N.E.D. (~s.v. Crayse~).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crazy Bets=. (1) The general name all over Wilts for _Caltha

+palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold; apparently always pl. in form.

+~Crazy Betties~ (_Great Estate_, ch. ii) and ~Crazy Betseys~ are

+occasionally used, the latter at Little Langford, S.W. Cf. 'Pretty

+Bets,' Oxf. and Nhamp., for Red Spur Valerian and London Pride, and

+'Sweet Betsey,' Kent, for the former. In Glouc. Marsh Marigold is

+merely a _Crazy_.--N. & S.W. *(2) Mr. Slow says that 'Crazy bets'

+is applied to the 'buttercup' in South Wilts. *(3) _Chrysanthemum

+leucanthemum_, L., the Ox-eye Daisy.--S.W. (Hampworth.)

+

+=Crazy-mor=e, =Crazy-mar=, or =Crazy-moir=. (1) _Ranunculus repens_,

+L., Creeping Buttercup. _More_=root or plant.--N.W. (Devizes; Huish.)

+(2) At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., and probably elsewhere, ~Crazy-mar~ means

+a plant of any kind of buttercup.

+

+=Crease=. A ridge-tile.--N.W.

+

+    'From the top of Aland's house ... a slate ridge-crest

+    (or crease, as it is provincially termed) ... was carried

+    northwards about 40 yards.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 378.

+

+=Creed=. _Lemna minor_, L., Duckweed (_Great Estate_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+*=Creeny=. Small (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+*=Creeping Jack=. _Sedum_, Stonecrop.--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Creeping Jenny=. (1) _Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved

+Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L.,

+Moneywort.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Cresset=, =Cressil=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+

+=Crew=. The tang of a scythe-blade, fastening into the

+pole-ring.--N.W.

+

+=Cribble about=. To creep about as old people do.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cribbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. See ~Gibbles~ and

+~Chipples~.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Crick crack=. People who try to talk fine language, and cannot, are

+said to use 'crick crack' words. ~Crick crach~: words not understood

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Crink-crank words are long words--_verba sesquipedalia_--not

+    properly understood. See _Proceedings of Phil. Soc._ v.

+    143-8.'--COPE'S _Hants Gloss_.

+

+=Crink=. A crevice or crack.--N.W.

+

+*=Crippender=. Crupper harness.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Critch=. A deep earthen pan (S.). Also used in Hants. Fr.

+_cruche_.--S.W.

+

+=Crock=. A pot; especially an earthen one (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Croud=. See ~Crowdy~.

+

+=Croupy down=. To crouch down (S.) as children do when playing

+hide-and-seek.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-bells= (pl. used as sing.). _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. This is probably the flower referred to in Aubrey's

+_Wilts_, Roy. Soc. MS., p. 126 (p. 52, ed. Brit.), under the same

+name:--

+

+    'In a ground of mine called Swices ... growes abundantly a

+    plant called by the people hereabout crow-bells, which I never

+    saw any where but there. Mr. Rob. Good, M.A., tells me that

+    these crow-bells have blue flowers, and are common to many

+    shady places in this county.'

+

+=Crowdy=. A kind of apple turnover (S.). ~Croud~ (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Crow-flower=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Crow-hearted=. Young cabbage and broccoli plants that have lost

+their eye or centre are said to be 'crow-hearted.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Crowpeck=. (1) _Scandix Pecten_, L., Shepherd's-needle (D.).--S.W.

+(2) _Ranunculus arvensis_, L., Corn Crowfoot.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Crow's-legs=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth.--N.W.

+

+=Crump=. To crunch or munch.--N.W.

+

+=Crumplings=, =Crumplens=. Small, imperfectly grown apples.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cubby-hole=. A snug corner, a sheltered place (A.S.). Also ~Cooby~;

+cf. ~Coopy-house~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo=. About Salisbury _Saxifraga granulata_ is known as ~Dry~ (or

+~Dryland~) ~Cuckoo~, and _Cardamine pratensis_ as ~Water Cuckoo~,

+from their respective habitats. The use of _Cuckoo_ in a plant-name

+always implies that it flowers in early spring.

+

+=Cuckoo-flower=. (1) _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+

+=Cuckoo fool=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--N.W. (Broadtown.)

+

+=Cuckoo-gate=. A swing-gate in a V-shaped enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cuckoos=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+*=Cuckoo's bread-and-cheese=. The young shoots of the Hawthorn

+(_Great Estate_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Cuddickwaay=! Order to a horse to 'Come this way.'

+

+=Cue= (1), _n._ An ox-shoe (A.). Only used on flinty lands.--N. &

+S.W. (2) _v._ To shoe an ox.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cull=, or =Tom Cull=. _Cottus gobio_, the Bullhead (A.B.).

+

+=Culls=. Sheep or lambs picked out of the flock, as inferior in size

+or in any other way, and sold. Fairs at which they are sold are

+called '_Cull Fairs_.'--N.W.

+

+=Curdle=. A curl of hair (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Curly-buttons=. Woodlice.--S.W.

+

+=Curly-cob=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Curry-pig=. A sucking pig (H.Wr.). Also ~Cure-pig~.

+

+=Cushion-pink=. _Armeria maritima_, Willd., Thrift; the garden

+variety.--N.W.

+

+*=Cushions=. _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--N. & S.W.

+(Enford, &c.)

+

+*=Cusnation=. An expletive (A.).

+

+    'Ha' done, Jonas! Dwon't 'e be a cussnation vool! I'll call

+    missus!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Cut-finger-leaf=. _Valeriana_, All-heal. The leaves are good for

+application to sluggish sores, whitlows, &c. Mr. Cunnington quotes it

+as _V. dioica_.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Cutty=. _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=D=. (1) In comparatives, &c., _d_ is frequently added to liquids,

+as _coolder_, cooler; _thinder_, thinner; feeldins, feelings; and

+_scholard_, scholar. In _Chronicon Vilodunense_, fifteenth century,

+we find _jaylarde_, a gaoler. (2) It is also used for _th_, as

+_draish_, thresh; _droo_, through; _dree_, three. (3) _D_ not sounded

+after a liquid; examples:--_veel_, field; _vine_, to find; _dreshol_,

+threshold.

+

+=Daak=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Dab=. An expert at anything; sometimes used ironically, as 'He's a

+perfect dab at gardening,' he knows nothing whatever about it.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dabster=. A proficient (A.). See ~Dapster~.--S.W.

+

+=Dack=. See ~Dawk~.

+

+=Daddick=, =Daddock=. _n._ Rotten wood (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+=Daddicky=. _adj._ Of wood, decayed, rotten (A.B.S.). Cf.

+~Dicky~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Daddy's Whiskers=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Daffy=. The usual name in N.W. for the wild Daffodil.

+

+=Daggled=. See ~Diggled~.

+

+=Daglet=. An icicle (A.H.S.Wr.). See ~Daggled~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Thatched roofs are always hung with "daglets" in

+    frost.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dain=. Noisome effluvia (A.B.C.H.Wr.). Formerly applied mainly to

+_infectious_ effluvia, as 'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo too nigh thuck there

+chap; he've a had the small-pox, and the dain be in his clothes

+still.' (See _Cunnington MS._). Now used of very bad smells in

+general.--N.W.

+

+=Dainty=. Evil-smelling. 'That there meat's ter'ble dainty.'--N.W.

+

+=Dall=. An expletive (S.).--N.W.

+

+    ''Od dal th' vor'n ungrateful varment!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 50.

+

+=Dandy-goshen=. See ~Dandy-goslings~.

+

+=Dandy-goslings=. (1) _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~, &c.--N.W. (2) _O. Morio_, L., Green-winged Meadow

+Orchis. ~Dandy-goshen~ at Salisbury (_English Plant Names_), also at

+Little Langford.--S.W.

+

+*=Dane=, =Daner=. In Kingston Deverill there was an old man who

+called red-haired men 'Danes,' or 'Daners,' as 'Thee bist a Dane.'

+This being in the centre of the Alfred district, the term may be a

+survival. In Somerset red-haired men are often said to be 'a bit

+touched with the Danes.'

+

+*=Dane's Blood=. _Sambucus Ebulus_, L., Dwarf Elder (Aubrey's _Nat.

+Hist. Wilts_, p. 50, ed. Brit.). It is popularly believed only to

+grow on the ancient battle-fields, and to have sprung originally from

+the blood of the slain Danes.

+

+=Dap=. (1) _v._ To rebound, as a ball.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+rebound of a ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dap on=. To pounce down on, to take unawares.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Daps=. (1) 'He's the daps on his feyther,' the very image of him

+(S.).--S.W. (2) 'He got the daps o' he's feyther,' he has the same

+tricks as his father.--N.W.

+

+    '~Dap~, a hop, a turn. The daps of any one would therefore be

+    his habits, peculiarities, &c.'--JENNINGS, _Somerset Gloss_.

+

+=Dapster=. *(1) A nimble boy.--S.W. (Deverill). (2) A proficient

+(S.). See ~Dab~.--S.W.

+

+*=Dar=. _n._ 'To be struck in a dar, to be astonished or

+confounded.'--_Cunnington MS._ Apparently from O.E. _dare_, to

+frighten birds.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Never hobby so dared a lark.'--BURTON, _Anatomy of Melancholy_.

+

+*=Daver=. To fade, fall down, droop, as flowers or leaves on a hot

+day.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dawk=, =Dack=, =Daak=, =Dauk=. To incise with a jerk, or insert a

+pointed weapon with rapidity (H.Wr.). To stab and tear together as a

+cat's claw does. To puncture.--N.W.

+

+    'Should a savage cat tear out a piece of flesh from the hand,

+    she is said to "dawk" it out. Dawk expresses a ferocious stab

+    and tear combined.'--_Village Miners._

+

+Also used of a baker marking loaves:--

+

+    'Prick it and dack it and mark it with T,

+    And put it in the oven for baby and me.'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+This seems to be identical with A.S. _dalc_, _dolc_, Dutch and Danish

+_dolk_, Icel. _dalkr_, Germ. _dolch_, all meaning a sharp piercing

+instrument, a skewer, a dagger, &c. (Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Dead hedge=. A wattled fence (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Dead pen=. A sheep pen is occasionally so called in S. Wilts.

+

+=Dead-roof=. A skilling roof made of bavins and thatched over.--N.W.

+

+=Dead year=. Often used with possessive pronoun, as 'his dead year,'

+the year immediately following his death (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxii. p. 111). A widow should not marry again 'afore the dead year's

+up.'--N.W.

+

+=Deaf-nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., the Dead nettle. Cf.

+~Dunch-nettle~.--S.W.

+

+=Deaf-nut=. A rotten or empty nut. _Deaf_=useless, inactive.--S.W.

+

+=Deedy=. (1) Industrious, busy, as 'He's a deedy man.'--N.W. (2)

+Intent, as 'What bist looking so deedy at?'--N.W.

+

+*=Dee-gee=. Mr. William Cunnington writes us as follows:--

+

+    '"Twas a Dee-gee" was the name of a kind of dance, which our

+    old nurse taught us as children, mostly performed by moving

+    sideways and knocking the feet together.'

+

+This would seem to be a survival of the Elizabethan _heydeguies_. See

+Spenser, _Shepherd's Calendar_, June.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Densher=. To prepare down-land for cultivation by paring and

+burning the turf (Aubrey's _Wilts Nat. Hist._, p. 103, ed. Brit.).

+See ~Bake~ and ~Burn-bake~.

+

+=Desight=, =Dissight=. An unsightly object (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Devil-daisy=. _Matricaria Parthenium_, L., Common Feverfew, and

+_Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile, from their daisy-like

+flowers and unpleasant odour.--S.W.

+

+=Devil-in-a-hedge=. _Nigella damascena_, Love in a mist.--N.W.

+

+=Devil-screecher=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. A kind of hairy caterpillar which curls up on being

+touched (_Wild Life_, ch. xvii).--N.W.

+

+    'Devyls-gold-rynge, the colewort worme.'--_Huloet._

+

+    'Oak-egger and fox moths, which children call "Devil's Gold

+    Rings."'--KINGSLEY, _Chalk-stream Studies_.

+

+=Dew-beater=. A man who has large feet, or who turns out his toes, so

+that he brushes the dew off the grass in walking (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+Compare:--

+

+    'The dew-beaters [early walkers, pioneers] have trod their way

+    for those that come after them.'--HACKET'S _Life of Williams_,

+    i. 57.

+

+=Dew-bi=. A very early breakfast (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dew-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. Also ~Mist-pond~.--N.W.

+

+*=Dewsiers=. The valves of a pig's heart (A.B.G.); a corruption of

+O.F. _jusier_.

+

+=Deyhus=, =Da'us=, =Day'us=. A dairy, a cheese-room (A.B.). From

+_deye_, a dairymaid; Icel. _deigja_ (Skeat). In this and similar

+words, as Brewhouse, Woodhouse, &c., _house_ is always pronounced

+as A.S. _hus_ (Akerman), the _h_, however, not being invariably

+sounded.--N.W.

+

+=Dibs=. A game played by boys with sheep's dibs or knuckle-bones

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dick-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. Compare Jack-and-his-team.

+

+    'I know the north star; there it is.... And the Great Bear; the

+    men call it Dick and his Team.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vi.

+

+=Dicker=. (1) To bedeck. 'Gels be allus a dickerin' therselves up

+now-a-days.'--N.W. (Huish.) (2) 'As thick as they can dicker,' very

+intimate.--S.W. (Amesbury.) 'All in a dicker (or 'digger'),' very

+close together.--S.W.

+

+=Dicky=. (1) Of vegetables, decayed. (2) Of persons or plants,

+weakly or in ill-health (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 110). Cf.

+~Daddicky~.--N.W.

+

+=Dicky-birds=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+

+=Diedapper=. _Podiceps minor_, the Dabchick; _Divedapper_ in

+Shakespeare. In common use at Salisbury until quite recently. Before

+the streams running through the city were covered over, it was an

+every-day occurrence to see a dripping urchin making for home, with

+an escort of friends at his heels yelling 'Diedapper, Diedapper,

+Diedapper, die!'--S.W.

+

+*=Diggle=. _v._ To grow thickly together. 'They weeds be a coming

+up agen as thick as ever they can diggle.' See ~Dicker~.--N.W.

+(Potterne.).

+

+=Diggled=, =Daggled=. Covered over or hung thickly with anything.

+Compare ~Daglet~. 'Thick may-bush be aal diggled wi' berries.'--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Diggles=. _n._ Abundance, plenty (S.). 'Let's go a blackberryin';

+there's diggles up Grovely.' See ~Diggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Dill=, =Dill Duck=. A young duck.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dillcup=. _Ranunculus Ficaria_, L., Lesser Celandine (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Diller=. The shaft-horse (H.Wr.). See ~Thiller~.--N.W.

+

+=Dills=. See ~Thills~.

+

+=Dimmets=. Dusk, twilight.--S.W.

+

+=Ding=. To strike violently (_Dark_, ch. xv).--N.W.

+

+=Dishabille=. A labourer's working clothes. The word is not used in

+Wilts in its ordinary sense of undress or negligent costume, but a

+common excuse for not appearing at church is that a man has nothing

+but his _dishabille_ to wear. Fr. _deshabille_.--N.W.

+

+=Dishwasher=. (1) _Motacilla flava_, the Yellow Wagtail (A.S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _M. Yarrellii_, the Pied Wagtail (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Do=. 'To do for any one,' to manage or keep house for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dock=. _Malva sylvestris_, L., Common Mallow (A.). Now restricted

+to _Rumex_.

+

+=Dodder=, =Dudder=, =Duther=, &c. (1) _v._ To bewilder, to deafen

+with noise (A.B.H.S.Wr.). 'I be vinny doddered, they childern do

+yop so.'--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ 'All in a dudder,' quite bewildered

+(H.).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To deaden anything, as pain. 'It sort o'

+dudders the pain.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Doddle-grass=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (_English Plant

+Names_).

+

+=Doddler=. 'A bit of a doddler,' a small boy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? This phrase seems worth noting. At Clyffe Pypard

+a person complaining of loneliness, or the want of sociability or

+kindness amongst the neighbours, will say, 'There isn't one as 'll so

+much as look in and say, "Dog, how beest?"'

+

+=Dog-Cocks=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Compare _Dogs-dibble_

+in N. Devon.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Dog-daisy=. Any large daisy-like white flower, such as

+_Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dogged=. (2 syl.) Very, excessively; as _dogged cute_ (A.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    'Maester was dogged deep, but I was deeper!'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    110.

+

+*=Dog out=. To drive out anything, as a sheep out of a quagmire, by

+setting the dog furiously at it (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Dog's-mouth=. _Linaria vulgari_s, Mill., Yellow Toadflax.--N.W.

+

+*=Dom=. A door case (H.Wr.): probably a mistake for _Dorn_ or _Doorn_.

+

+=Domel=. See ~Dumble~.

+

+=Doner=. A man, animal, &c., 'done for' and past hope (S.). 'Thuck

+old sow be a dunner; her 'll be dead afore night.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Donnings=. Clothes (A.B.).

+

+*=Dooke=. (2 syl.) Do ye, will ye. 'Be quiet, dooke' (H.M.Wr.).

+

+    'Obsolete, having been superseded by _do 'ee_. It was

+    pronounced as a dissyllable.'--SKEAT.

+

+=Door-Drapper= (i.e. Dropper or Dripper). The piece of wood fastened

+to the bottom of cottage doors to shoot the water off the 'Dreshol'

+(threshold).--N.W.

+

+*=Doorn=. A door frame (H.Wr.). Also ~Durn~ (S.). At Warminster

+applied only to the sides of a door-frame.--S.W.

+

+=Double=. 'He is a double man,' i.e. bent double with age or

+infirmity.--S.W.

+

+*=Double-Dumb-Nettle=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black Horehound.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Double-ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L.,

+Kidney Vetch.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Double-mound=. A double hedge (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi; _Wild

+Life_, ch. ix. p. 152). See ~Mound~.--N.W.

+

+*=Double Pincushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Doublets=. Twin lambs (_Annals of Agric._).--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. The same as ~Lem-feg~. A Turkey Fig.--N.W.

+

+=Dout=. To put out, as 'Dout the candle' (A.B.S.): to smother or

+extinguish fire by beating.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'An extinguisher "douts" a candle; the heel of a boot "douts"

+    a match thrown down. But the exact definition of "dout" is to

+    smother, or extinguish by beating.'--_Village Miners._

+

+=Dowl=. The fine down of a bird.--N.W.

+

+    'Coots and moor-hens must be skinned, they could not be plucked

+    because of the "dowl." Dowl is the fluff, the tiny featherets

+    no fingers can remove.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Down=. To tire out, to exhaust. 'That there 'oss's downed.'--N.W.

+(Wroughton.)

+

+=Down-along=. 'He lives down-along,' a little way down the street

+(S.), as opposed to 'up-along.'--S.W.

+

+=Down-arg=. To contradict in an overbearing manner (A.B.S.), to

+browbeat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Down-dacious=. Audacious (S.). 'Her's a right downdacious young

+vaggot, that her is!'--S.W.

+

+*=Down-haggard=. Disconsolate (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Down-hearten=. To feel disheartened. 'A be vurry bad, but I don't

+down-hearten about un.'--N.W.

+

+=Dowse=. A blow (A.B.C.S.), as 'a dowse in the chops.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Dowst=. (1) Chaff or cave. ~Dust~ (D.). (2) 'To go to dowst,' go

+to bed, perhaps from _dowst_ (chaff) being used to fill mattresses.

+Heard at Huish occasionally, but not traced elsewhere.

+

+=Dowst-coob=. The chaff cupboard in a stable.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drag=. A harrow (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drail=. (1) In a plough, the iron bow from which the traces draw,

+and by which the furrow is set (D.).--N.W. (2) _Crex pratensis_, the

+Landrail.--N.W.

+

+*=Drainted=. Of dirt, ingrained (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drang=, =Drangway=, =Drung=. (1) A narrow lane. ~Drun~

+(H.Wr.).--S.W. (2) A narrow passage between walls or houses. Drun

+(H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Drangway=. See ~Drang~ (S.).

+

+=Drashel=, =Dreshol=, &c. A flail (D.). The correct term for a flail

+is a _drashel_, but '_a pair o' drashells_' (or 'dreshols') is more

+commonly used, as two men generally work together.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Drattle=. Much talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draught=. A cart-shaft. ~Draats~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Draughts=. Hazel-rods selected for hurdle-making (D.). A 'draught'

+is not a rod, but a bundle of long wood suitable for hurdles or

+pea-sticks, bound with a single withe.--N.W.

+

+=Drave=. 'I be slaving an' draving (i.e. working myself to death) for

+he, night and day.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Draw=. (1) A squirrel's dray or nest.--N.W. (Marlborough.) (2)

+Rarely applied to a large nest, as a hawk's. Compare:--'_Draw_, to

+build a nest (_Berners_),' an old hawking term.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Drawing=. See ~Drawn~.

+

+=Drawn=. In a water-meadow, the large open main drain which carries

+the water back to the river, after it has passed through the various

+carriages and trenches.--S.W. In every-day use about Salisbury, and

+along the Avon and Wiley from Downton to Codford, but rarely heard

+elsewhere.

+

+    'Many of the meadows on either length [near Salisbury] abound

+    in ditches and "drawns."'--_Fishing Gazette_, July 18, 1891, p.

+    40, col. 2.

+

+    'I ... descried three birds, standing quite still [at Britford]

+    by the margin of a flooded "drawing."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxi.

+    229.

+

+=Dredge=, =Drodge=. Barley and oats grown together.--S.W.

+

+=Dribs-and-Drabs=. Odds and ends. 'All in dribs and drabs,' all in

+tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drieth=. See ~Dryth~.

+

+=Drift=. A row of felled underwood (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Dripple= See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Drive=. Of manure, to stimulate growth. 'Thur, that'll drive th'

+rhubub, _I_ knaws!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drock=. (1) A short drain under a roadway, often made with a hollow

+tree.--N. & S.W. (2) A broad flat stone laid as a bridge across a

+ditch (_Amaryllis at the Fair_).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Drock, a water-way, or sometimes the stone slab over a narrow

+    ditch.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+    '1674. Item Paid Richard Serrell for a Stone to make a

+    Drocke.--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 230.

+

+*(3) A water-course (H.Wr.). A water-way (_Leisure Hour_, Aug.

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Where meaning a water way, it is usually spoken of as

+    a Drockway, "drock" alone being the passage over the

+    ditch.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+*(4) Used in compounds such as ~Well-drock~, windlass.

+

+=Drockway=. See ~Drock~ (3).

+

+=Drodge=. See ~Dredge~ .

+

+*=Dromedary=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.) (2) _Centaurea Scabiosa_, L., Hardheads.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Dropping=. 'A dropping summer,' one when there is a shower every two

+or three days (_Wild Life_, ch. ii).--N.W.

+

+=Drove=. A green roadway on a farm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Drown=. To turn the water over the meadows.--S.W.

+

+=Drowner=. The man who attends to the hatches, managing the supply

+of water, and turning it on and off the meadows at the proper

+times.--S.W.

+

+*=Drowning-bridge=. A water-meadow sluice-gate (A.B.G.H. Wr.).

+

+=Drowning-carriage=. A large water-course for drowning a meadow. See

+~Carriage~.--S.W.

+

+*=Droy=. A thunderbolt (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._, H.Wr.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Drucked=. Filled to overflowing (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drug=. (1) 'To drug timber,' to draw it out of the woods under a

+pair of wheels (D.).--N.W. (2) 'To drug a wheel,' to put on some kind

+of drag or chain.--N.W.

+

+*=Druid's-hair=. Long moss (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drun=. See ~Drang~ (H.Wr.).

+

+=Drunge=. (1) _n._ A crowd or crush of people (H.Wr.)--N.W. (2) _v._

+To squeeze (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Drunkards=. Flowers of _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold;

+probably from the way in which they suck up water when placed in a

+vase. The reason assigned by children for the name is that if you

+look long at them you will be sure to take to drink.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Dry Cuckoo=, or =Dryland Cuckoo=. _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White

+Meadow Saxifrage. See ~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Dryth=, or =Drieth=. Dryness, drought.--N.W.

+

+    '1633. The cryer ... to give warninge to the inhabitants to

+    sett payles of water at their doores in the late tyme of drieth

+    and heate.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 206.

+

+=Dub=. To pelt with stones. 'Just dub that apple down out of the

+tree, will 'ee?' See ~Frog-dubbing~.--S.W.

+

+=Dubbed=. Blunt, pointless (A.B.).

+

+*=Dubbing=. 'A dubbin' o' drenk,' a pint or mug of beer (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dubby=. Oily.--N.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. A very slight white frost.--N.W.

+

+    'That kind of frost which comes on in the early morning, and is

+    accompanied with some rime on the grass--a duck's frost, just

+    sufficient to check fox-hunting.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Duckstone=. A game played by boys with stones (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Dudder=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+=Dudge=. (1) A bundle of anything used to stop a hole.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) *(2) 'Peg the dudge,' tap the barrel (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Dudman=. A scarecrow.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Dumb-Ague=. A kind of ague which is not accompanied by the usual

+shaking fits. ''Tis what 'ee do caal the dumb-agey.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dumble=. Stupid, dull (A.B.H.Wr.); also ~Domel, Dummel, &c.~--N.W.

+

+    'Severe weather ... makes all wild animals "dummel" in

+    provincial phrase,--i.e. stupid, slow to move.'--_Gamekeeper at

+    Home_, ch. vii.

+

+=Dumbledore=, or =Dumble=. The Humble-bee (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Th' mak'st a noise like a dumbledore in a pitcher.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 68.

+

+=Dumb Nettle=. _Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Dump=. (1) _n._ 'A treacle dump,' a kind of coarse sweetmeat.--S.W.

+(2) _v._ To blunt, as 'I've dumped my scythe against a stone.'--N.W.

+(3) A pollard tree, as 'Ash-dump,' or 'Willow-dump.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Dum-put=. See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Dunch=. (1) Deaf (A.B.C.); now rarely so used. In _Cunnington MS._

+said to be at that time the usual N. Wilts term for _deaf_.--N & S.W.

+

+    'Ah! Molly, ye purtends to be as dunch as a bittle, but I

+    kneows 'e hears ev'ry word I zays.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 81.

+

+(2) Stupid, heavy; now the common use. 'The wapses gets dunch' in

+late autumn. A labourer who can't be made to understand orders is

+'dunch.'--N. & S.W. (3) Of bread, heavy (_Wild Life_, ch. vii). Cf.

+~Dunch-dumpling.~--N. & S.W. ~Dunchy~ is frequently used in S. Wilts

+instead of ~Dunch~, but usually means deaf.

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. A hard-boiled flour-and-water dumpling (A.B.C.) See

+~Dunch~ (3).--N.W.

+

+=Dunch-nettle=, =Dunse-nettle=. (1) _Lamium purpureum_, L., Red

+Dead-nettle. ~Dunch~=stupid, inactive. Cf. ~Deaf-nettle~.--S.W. (2)

+_Lamium album_, L., White Dead-nettle.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Dung-pot=. A dung-cart (D.); rarely ~Dum-put~. See ~Pot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Dup=. 'To dup the door,' to open or unfasten it (_Lansd. MS._

+1033).--Obsolete. Cf. :--

+

+    'Then up he rose, and donn'd his clothes,

+    And dupp'd the chamber-door.'--_Hamlet_, iv. 5.

+

+The word now means the very reverse.

+

+=Dutch Elder=. _Aegopodium Podagraria_, L., Goutweed.--S.W. (Farley,

+&c.)

+

+=Duther=, =Dutter=. See ~Dodder~.

+

+

+=Ea-grass=. After-grass (D.); Lammas grass as well as aftermath.--S.W.

+

+=Eass= (sometimes =Yees=). An earthworm.--S.W.

+

+*=Edge-growed=. Of barley, both growing and ripening irregularly; the

+result of a want of rain after it is first sown (D.).

+

+=Eel-scrade=. A kind of eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+    'A trap used to catch eels, placed near a weir. The water is

+    turned into the scrade when high, and the fish washed up to

+    a stage through which the water finds an outlet, the fish,

+    however, being retained on the platform by a piece of sloping

+    iron.'--F. M. WILLIS.

+

+=Eel-sticher=. An eel-spear.--S.W.

+

+    'Wishing to secure [a Little Grebe] in summer plumage, I asked

+    the old "drowner" in our meadows to look out for one for

+    me--and this he very soon did, fishing one out from under the

+    water between the spikes of his eel-sticher, as it was diving

+    under the water.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 193.

+

+=Effet=, =Evet=. _Lissotriton punctatus_, the Newt (A.S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'She ... sometimes peered under the sage-bush to look at the

+    "effets" that hid there.'--_Great Estate_, ii.

+

+=Eggs-and-Bacon=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Yellow Toadflax. Cf.

+~Bacon-and-Eggs~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Eggs-eggs=. Fruit of the hawthorn.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+*=Elet=. Fuel (H.Wr.). *~Ollit~ (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Elm=, =Helm=, or =Yelm=. (1) _v._ To make up 'elms.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Two or three women are busy "yelming," i.e. separating the

+    straw, selecting the longest and laying it level and parallel,

+    damping it with water, and preparing it for the yokes.'--_Wild

+    Life_, ch. vi.

+

+(2) _n._ (Almost invariably pl.,'elms' being the usual form). Small

+bundles or handfuls of fresh straw, damped and laid out straight for

+the thatcher's use (_Wild Life_, ch. vi). See _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 111. According to Prof. Skeat _yelm_, seldom now

+used in Wilts, is the correct form, from A.S. _gilm_, a handful.

+About Marlborough it is usually pronounced as _Yelms_, but at Clyffe

+Pypard there is not the slightest sound of _y_ in it. Elsewhere it is

+frequently pronounced as _Ellums_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eltrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip (S.). *~Altrot~ at

+Zeals.--S.W.

+

+=Emmet=. The Ant (S.). 'Ant' is never used in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Emmet-heap=. An anthill.--N. & S.W.

+

+=En=. (1) _pl. termination_, as ~Housen~, houses; ~Hipsen~,

+rose-berries; ~Keyn~, keys; ~Facen~, faces; ~Wenchen~, girls;

+~Bluen~, blossoms; ~Naas'n~, nests (rarely heard, _Nestises_ being

+the usual form); ~Pigs'-sousen~, pigs'-ears.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In North Wilts ... the formation of the Plural by affixing

+    _en_ to the Noun is almost universal, as house housen,

+    &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(2) _adj. term._, as ~Harnen~, made of horn; ~Stwonen~, of stone;

+~Elmin~, of elm wood, &c. '~Boughten~ bread,' baker's bread, as

+opposed to home-made. 'A ~dirten~ floor,' a floor made of earth,

+beaten hard. 'A ~tinnin~ pot.' 'A ~glassen~ cup.' ~Boarden~, made of

+boards; ~Treen-dishes~, wooden platters, &c. 'There's some volk as

+thinks to go droo life in glassen slippers.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Almost as universal too is the transformation of the

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as ... a

+    Leatheren Shoe, an elmen Board, &c.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(3) See ~Pronouns~.

+

+    'The pronoun Possessive too is formed in the same way, as hisn

+    hern Ourn theirn.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=English Parrot=. _Picus viridis_, the Green Woodpecker (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 251).--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Ether=, =Edder=. The top-band of a fence, the wands of hazel, &c.,

+woven in along the top of a 'dead hedge,' or wattled fence, to keep

+it compact (A.B.). A 'stake and ether' fence. A.S. _edor_.--N.W.

+

+    'Mughall [Midghall] had nothing to doe withought [without]

+    the Eyther [hedge] between Bradene Lane and Shropshire

+    Marsh.'--1602, MS., _Perambulation of the Great Park of

+    Fasterne, N.W._, in Devizes Museum.

+

+    'An eldern stake and blackthorn ether

+    Will make a hedge to last for ever.'--_Wilts Saying_ (A.).

+

+=Eve=. See ~Heave~.

+

+=Even-ash=. Ash-leaves with an equal number of leaflets, carried by

+children in the afternoon of the 29th May (_Wild Life_, ch. v). See

+~Shitsac~.--N.W.

+

+=Evet=. See ~Effet~.

+

+=Ex=, pl. =Exes=. An axle (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Eyles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+

+=F=. (1) _F_ for _th_. Examples :.--_Fust_, thirst; _afust_, athirst.

+An old characteristic of the Western and South-Western groups of

+dialect. (2) F, at the beginning of a word, is frequently sounded as

+_v_, as fall, _vall_; flick, _vlick_; font, _vant_.

+

+=Fadge=. See ~Fodge~.

+

+=Fag=. See ~Vag~.

+

+=Faggot=, =Fakket=. (1) A woman of bad character is 'a nasty stinking

+faggot (or vaggot).' Often used in a milder sense, as 'You young

+vaggot! [you bad girl] what be slapping the baby vor?'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Damn you vor a gay wench, vor that's what you be, an' no

+    mistake about it; a vaggot as I wun't hae in _my_ house no

+    longer.'--_Dark_, ch. xii.

+

+(2) A rissole of chopped pig's-liver and seasoning, covered with

+'flare': also known as ~Bake-faggot~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tripe an mince meat,

+    Vaggots an pigs veet,

+    An blackpuddins stale, on which to regale.'--SLOW'S _Poems_, p. 26.

+

+=Falarie=. Disturbance, excitement, commotion.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Look'ee here, there 've bin a fine falarie about you, Zur."

+    He meant that there had been much excitement when it was

+    found that Bevis was not in the garden, and was nowhere to be

+    found.'--_Wood Magic_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Used about Wilton, but not so extensively as its synonym

+    _rumpus_.'--_Letter from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Fall about=. _v._ Of a woman: to be confined. 'His wife bin an' fell

+about laas' night.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Fall down=. Of arable land: to be allowed to relapse of itself into

+poor rough pasture.--N.W.

+

+    'Some of the land is getting "turnip-sick," the roots come

+    stringy and small and useless, so that many let it "vall

+    down."'--_Great Estate_, ch. i. p. 6.

+

+=Falling=. _n._ A downfall of snow. 'I thenks we shall have some

+vallen soon.' Only used of snow.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Falling-post=. The front upright timber of a gate. Occasionally

+heard at Huish; ~Head~, however, being the more usual term

+there.--N.W.

+

+=Falsify=. Of seeds, young trees, &c.: to fail, to come to

+nought.--N.W.

+

+=Fancy man=. A married woman's lover. 'He be Bill's wife's fancy man,

+that's what _he_ do be.'--N.W.

+

+*=Fang=. To strangle; to bind a wounded limb so tightly as to stop

+the flow of blood (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Fantag=, =Fanteague=, &c. (1) _n._ Fluster, fuss. ~Fantaig~

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (2) Vagaries or larks, as 'Now, none o' your

+fantaigs here!' At Clyffe Pypard, N.W., 'a regular fantaig' would be

+a flighty flirting lad or girl, a 'wondermenting or gammotty sort of

+a chap.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Fardingale=. A quarter of an acre (H.Wr. _Lansd. MS._). The old

+form is _Farding-deal_ (Wr.). Compare _Thurindale_, &c.--Obsolete.

+

+    '1620. Itm, to the same Thomas & Nicholas Lea for theire helpe

+    to laye the Acres into ffarendells.'--_Records of Chippenham_,

+    p. 202.

+

+    '1649. Twoe ffarthendels of grasse.'--_Ibid._ p. 217.

+

+=Farewell Summer=. The Michaelmas Daisy.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Fashion=. The farcey, a disease in horses (A.H.Wr.). Fr.

+_farcin_.--N.W.

+

+    'An old Wiltshire farmer, when his grand-daughters appeared

+    before him with any new piece of finery, would ask what it all

+    meant. The girls would reply, "_fashion_, gran'vather!" when

+    the old man would rejoin, "Ha! many a good horse has died o'

+    th' fashion!"'--_Akerman._

+

+=Favour=. To resemble in features, &c. 'He doesn't favour you,

+Sir.... He is his mother's own boy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Featish=. Fair, tolerable (A.B.). Used of health, crops, &c. 'How be

+'e ?' 'Featish, thank 'e.'--'There's a featish crop o' grass yander!'

+(A.). M.E. _fetis_ (in Chaucer), O.F. fetis, _faitis_.--N.W.

+

+    'The worthy farmer proceeded to ask how the children got on

+    at the Sunday-school. "Oh, featish, zur ... Sally, yander ...

+    her's gettin' on oonderful."'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 139-140.

+

+    '"How's your voice?" "Aw, featish [fairish]. I zucked a

+    thrush's egg to clear un."'--_Greene Ferns Farm_, ch. i.

+

+    '"Ees, this be featish tackle," meaning the liquor was

+    good.'--_Ibid._ ch. vii.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+*=Fern Buttercup=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., Silverweed.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Fess=. (1) Of animals: bad-tempered, fierce. A cat with its back up

+looks 'ter'ble fess.'--N. & S.W. (2) Cocky, impudent, confident. Also

+used in Hants.--S.W., occasionally. (3) Proud, stuck-up (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fet=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Fevertory=. _Fumaria_, Fumitory, from which a cosmetic for removing

+freckles used to be distilled.--S.W.

+

+    'If you wish to be pure and holy,

+    Wash your face with fevertory.'--_Local Rhyme._

+

+=Few=. 'A goodish few,' or 'a main few,' a considerable quantity or

+number.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I ferrets a goodish few rabbits on bright nights in

+    winter.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii.

+

+=Fiddle-strings=. The ribs of the Plantain leaf, when pulled out. See

+~Cat-gut~.--N.W.

+

+*=Field=. The space, or bay, between beam and beam in a barn, as 'a

+barn of four fields.' (D.).

+

+=Figged= (_two syll._), =Figgedy=, =Figgetty=, =Figgy=. (1) Made with

+a few 'figs,' or raisins, as 'viggy pudden.' Figged Pudding, Plum

+pudding (_Monthly Mag._, 1814). Figgetty Pooden (S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+~Figged.~ Spotted all over, as a pudding is with plums.--S.W. A

+true-born Moon-raker, describing his first night in 'Lunnon,' where

+he made the acquaintance of numerous members of the 'Norfolk-Howard'

+family (_Cimex lectularius_), spoke of his face as being 'vigged aal

+auver wi' spots an' bumps afore marning.'

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Plantago media_, L., and other Plantains. Children

+'fight' them, head against head.--N.W.

+

+=Filtry=. Rubbish. 'Ther's a lot o' filtry about this house.'--N.W.

+

+=Fine=. Of potatoes, very small.--N.W.

+

+=Fingers-and-Thumbs=. Blossoms of _Ulex Europaeus_, L., Common Furze

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Fire-deal=. A good deal (H.Wr.).

+

+=Fire-new=, =Vire-new=. Quite new (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Firk=. (1) To worry mentally, to be anxious; as 'Don't firk so,' or

+'Don't firk yourself.' A cat does not _firk_ a mouse when 'playing'

+with it, but the mouse _firks_ grievously.--N.W. (Marlborough). (2)

+To be officiously busy or inquisitive, as 'I can't abear that there

+chap a-comin' firkin' about here.' A policeman getting up a case

+_firks about_ the place, ferreting out all the evidence he can.--N.W.

+

+*=Fitten=. A pretence (A.B.).--Obsolete. Compare:

+

+    'He doth feed you with fittons, figments, and

+    leasings.'--_Cynthia's Revels._

+

+=Fitty=. In good health. 'How be 'ee?' 'Ter'ble fitty.'--N.W.

+

+*=Flabber-gaster=. _n._ Idle talk (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flag=. The blade of wheat.--N.W.

+

+    'The wheat was then showing a beautiful flag.... The flag is

+    the long narrow green leaf of the wheat.'--_Great Estate_, ch.

+    i. p. 8.

+

+=Flake=. _n._ (1) A frame, barred with ash or willow spars, somewhat

+resembling a light gate, used as a hurdle where extra strength is

+needed (_Bevis_, ch. xii; _Wild Life_, ch. iv). 'Flake' hurdles

+are used to divide a field, or for cattle, the ordinary sheep

+hurdles being too weak for the purpose.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make

+'flakes.'--N.W.

+

+=Flamtag=. A slatternly woman.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Flare=. (1) The flick, or internal fat of a pig, before it is melted

+down to make lard.--N. & S.W. (2) The caul, or thin skin of the

+intestines of animals, used for covering 'bake-faggots,' &c.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Fleck=. See ~Flick~.

+

+=Flews=. A sluice is occasionally so called. See ~Flowse~.--S.W.

+

+=Flewy=. Of a horse, troubled with looseness. 'He's what we calls a

+flewy 'oss, can't kip nothing in 'im.' Cf. North of Eng. _Flewish_,

+morally or physically weak. In Hants a horse of weakly constitution

+is said to be _flue_ or _fluey_ (Cope).--N.W.

+

+=Flick=, =Fleck=. (1) _n._ The internal fat of a pig (A.B.C.S.).--N.

+& S.W. *(2) _v._ To flare (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flig-me-jig=. A girl of doubtful character. 'Her's a reg'lar

+flig-me-jig.'--N.W.

+

+=Flirk=. To flip anything about (H.Wr.), as a duster in flicking a

+speck of dust off a table (_Village Miners_). Flirt is the S. Wilts

+form of the word.--N.W.

+

+*=Flitch=. (1) Pert, lively, officious (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+    'Right flygge and mery.' _Paston Letters_, iv. 412.

+

+*(2) To be _flick_ or _flitch_ with any one, to be familiar or

+intimate (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Flitmouse=. The bat. A shortened form of _Flittermouse_.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Flitters=. Pieces. A cup falls, and is broken 'aal to

+vlitters.'--N.W.

+

+*=Floating= or =Flowing meadow=. A meadow laid up in ridges with

+water-carriages on each ridge and drains between (D.). A lowland

+meadow watered from a river, as opposed to Catch-meadow (_Annals of

+Agric._). ~Floted meadowes~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.).

+

+=Flod=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Flop-a-dock=. _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove.--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Floppetty=. _adj._ Of a woman, untidy, slatternly in dress or

+person. ~Flopperty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flowing Meadows=. See ~Floating Meadows~.

+

+=Flowse=. (1) _v. act._ You 'flowse,' or splash, the water over you

+in a bath.--N. & S.W. (2) _v. neut._ Water is said to be 'flowsing

+down' when rushing very strongly through a mill hatch. A horse likes

+to 'flowse about' in a pond.--S.W. (3) _n._ The rush of water through

+a hatch.--S.W. (4) _n._ Occasionally also applied to the narrow

+walled channel between the hatch gate and the pool below.--S.W.

+

+=Flucksey=. _adj._ 'A flucksey old hen,' i.e. a hen who makes a

+great fuss over her chickens.--S.W. (Bishopstrow, &c.) Cope's _Hants

+Glossary_ has:--'_Flucks_, to peck in anger like a hen.'

+

+=Flump=. 'To come down flump, like a twoad from roost,' to fall

+heavily (A.B.S.); also used alone as a verb, as 'Her vlumped down in

+thic chair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flunk=. A spark of fire; probably a form of ~Blink~, q.v. ~Vlonker~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Flush=. *(1) _n._ Of grass, a strong and abundant growth (_Agric.

+of Wilts_, ch. xii). (2) _adj._ Of grass, &c., luxuriant.--N.W. (3)

+_adj._ Of young birds, fledged (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Flustrated=. (1) Taken aback, flustered.--N.W.

+

+    'A didn't zay anything ... but a looked a leetle flustrated

+    like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 119.

+

+(2) Tipsy.--N.W.

+

+=Fluttery=. Of weather, catchy, uncertain, showery. ''T ull be a main

+fluttery hay-making to-year, I warnd.'--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Fodder=. A labourer 'fodders' his boots--stuffs soft hay into them

+to fill up, when they are too large for him (_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Fodge= (rarely =Fadge=). In packing fleeces of wool, when the

+quantity is too small to make up a full 'bag' of 240 lbs., the ends

+of the bag are gathered together as required, and the sides skewered

+over them, thus forming the small package known as a 'fodge.'--N.W.

+

+=Fog=. _v._ To give fodder to cattle. Cf. Welsh _ffwg_, dry

+grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '_Fogging_, the giving of fodder ... from a Middle English root

+    ... is common in Mid-Wilts.'--_Leisure Hour_, Aug. 1893.

+

+=Fog off=. To damp off, as cuttings often do in a greenhouse.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Fogger=. A man who attends to the cows and takes them their fodder

+morning and evening (_My Old Village_, &c.). A groom or man-servant

+(H.Wr.), the duties of groom and fogger being usually discharged by

+the same man on farms about Marlborough.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Foldsail=, =Fossel=. A fold-shore (D.). See ~Sails~.--N.W.

+

+    'A fold stake, locally called a "fossle."'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+    xxi. 132.

+

+    'The "fossels" means the _fold-shores_, or the _stakes_ to

+    which the hurdles are shored up, and fastened with a loose twig

+    wreath at the top.'--_Ibid._ xvii. 304.

+

+=Fold-shore=. A stake pitched to support a hurdle (D.H.).--S.W.

+

+=Follow or Follow on=. To continue.--N.W.

+

+    'If you do want a good crop, you must _follow on_ a hoeing

+    o' the ground; but you can't do no hoeing so long as it do

+    _follow_ raining.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Folly=. A circular plantation of trees on a hill, as 'Harnham

+Folly,' or 'The Long Folly' on Compton Down. This seems quite

+distinct from its more general use as applied to a tower or other

+building which is too pretentious or costly for its builder's

+position and means.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Every hill seems to have a Folly," she said, looking round.

+    "I mean a clump of trees on the top."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_,

+    ch. vi.

+

+*=Foot-cock=. The small cock into which hay is first put (D.).

+

+=Footy=. Paltry (A.B.), as a present not so large as was expected

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=For=. Often affixed to the verbs _say_ and _think_. ''Tean't the

+same as you said for'; 'I bean't as old as you thinks for.'--N.W.

+

+=Fore-eyed=. Fore-seeing, apt to look far ahead (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Fore-spur=. A fore-leg of pork (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Forefeed=, =Vorfeed=. To turn cattle out in spring into a pasture

+which is afterwards to be laid up for hay.--N.W.

+

+=Foreright=, =Vorright=. (1) _adj._ Headstrong, self-willed. 'He's

+that vorright there's no telling he anything.'--N. & S.W. (2) _adj._

+Blunt, rude, candid.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) (3) Just opposite. 'The

+geat's vorright thuck shard.'--N.W.

+

+*=Forel=. The actual cover of a book, not the material in which it is

+bound. This is the usual term in Som. Old Fr. _fourrel_, a sheath,

+case.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Fork=. The apparatus used by thatchers for carrying the elms up to

+the roof.--N.W.

+

+=Forester=. (1) A New Forest horse-fly.--S.W. (2) Any very tall

+thistle growing among underwood.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+*=Fossel=. See ~Foldsail~.

+

+=Fot=. See ~Preterites~.

+

+=Frame= A skeleton. 'Her's nothing in the world but a frame.'--N.W.

+

+*=Frea=, =Fry=. To make a brushwood drain (D.).

+

+=Freglam=. Odds and ends of cold vegetables, fried up with a little

+bacon to give a relish. Compare Lanc. _Braughwham_, cheese, eggs,

+clap-bread, and butter, all boiled together.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=French Grass=. _Onobrychis sativa_, L., Sainfoin.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Fresh liquor=. Unsalted hog's-fat (A).--N.W.

+

+=Frickle=, =Friggle=. (1) To potter about at little jobs, such as an

+old man can do. 'I bain't up to a day's work now; I can't do nothing

+but frickle about in my garne.'--N. & S.W. (2) To fidget, to worry

+about a thing.--N.W.

+

+    'He freggled [fidgetted] hisself auver thuck paason as come a

+    bit ago.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+=Frickling=, =Friggling=. _adj._ Tiresome, involving much minute

+attention or labour. Used of fiddling little jobs.--N.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _n._ A worrying little piece of work. 'I be so caddled

+wi' aal these yer friggles, I caan't hardly vind time vor a bit o'

+vittles.' See ~Frickle~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Frith=. (1) _n._ 'Quick,' or young whitethorn for planting

+hedges.--N.W. *(2) _n._ Thorns or brush underwood (D).--N.W.

+

+    '1605. Itm to James Smalwood for an Acre & halfe of

+    hedginge frith out of Heywood.... Item for felling the same

+    frith.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 194.

+

+(3) _v._ To make a brushwood drain, as opposed to ~Grip~, q.v. (D).

+

+=Froar=. Frozen (A.B.S.); generally ~Vroar~ or ~Vr[)o]r~ in N.

+Wilts, but the usual form at Wroughton, N.W., is ~Froren~. A.S.

+_gefroren_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Frog-dubbing=. Boys throw a frog into a shallow pool, and then 'dub'

+or pelt it, as it tries to escape. See ~Dub~.--S.W.

+

+=Froom=. See ~Frum~.

+

+=Frout=. Of animals: to take fright. 'My horse frouted and run

+away.'--S.W.

+

+=Frouten=, =Froughten=. To frighten (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    vii.

+

+=Frow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+=Frum=, =Froom=. Of vegetables, grass, &c.: fresh and juicy (A.B.);

+strong-growing or rank. A.S. _from_, vigorous, strong.--N.W.

+

+*=Fry=. (1) _n._ A brushwood drain (H.Wr.). See ~Frith~ (3).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To make a brushwood drain (D.). Also ~Frea~ and ~Frith~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+    '1790. For 234 Lugg Hollow frying in Englands

+    2.18.6.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 248.

+

+=Fullmare=. _n._ In my childhood I remember being told more than

+once by servants at Morden, near Swindon, N.W., that a colt which

+was playing about in a field near was 'a fullmare.' Could this

+possibly have been a survival of the old word '_Folymare_, a young

+foal,' which is given by Halliwell and Wright as occurring in a

+fifteenth-century MS. at Jesus College, Oxford? I have never heard

+the word elsewhere.--_G. E. D._

+

+=Fur=. _n._ The calcareous sediment in a kettle, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Furlong= (pronounced ~Vurlin~). The strip of newly-ploughed land

+lying between two main furrows.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Fur up=. Water-pipes, kettles, &c., when coated inside with 'rock,'

+or the calcareous sediment of hard water, are said to 'fur up,' or to

+be 'furred up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Furze-hawker=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear.--N.W.

+

+*=Furze Robin=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 150).--N.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+=Fuzz-ball=. _Lycoperdon Bovista_, L., Puffball.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=Gaa-oot!= See ~Horses~ (A.).

+

+=Gaam=. (1) _v._ To smear or bedaub with anything sticky. ~Gaamze~

+(_Village Miners_). (2) _n._ A sticky mass of anything. See

+~Gam~.--N. & S.W. Many years ago, at a Yeomanry ball in a certain

+town in N. Wilts, the Mayor, who had done his duty manfully up to

+then, stopped short in the middle of a dance, and mopping his face

+vigorously, gasped out to his astonished partner, a lady of high

+position, 'Well, I don't know how _you_ be, Marm, but _I_ be ael of a

+gaam o' zweat!'--N.W.

+

+=Gaamy=, =Gammy=. Daubed with grease, &c., sticky. In Hal. and Wr.

+'~Gaam~, _adj._ sticky, clammy,' is apparently an error, _gaamy_

+being probably intended.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapsey=. _n._ A sight to be stared at. See ~Gapps~.--N.W.

+

+=Gaapus=. _n._ A fool, a stupid fellow. 'What be at, ye girt

+gaapus!'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gabborn=. Of rooms or houses, comfortless, bare (B.C.). ~Gabbern~

+(A.H.) and ~Gabern~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 78). This term

+always denotes largeness without convenience or comfort (_Cunnington

+MS._).--N.W. ~Gabberny~ on Berks bord.

+

+*=Gage-ring=. An engagement ring (_Great Estate_, ch. x).--N.W.

+

+=Galley-bagger=. A scarecrow (S.).--S.W.

+

+

+=Galley-crow=. A scarecrow (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Maester," said the child, "wull 'e let m' chainge hats wi'

+    thuck galley-crow yander?" ... pointing to a scarecrow at the

+    other end of the garden.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 103.

+

+=Gallivant=. To be gadding about on a spree with a companion of the

+opposite sex (S.): to run after the girls, or 'chaps,' as the case

+may be.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gallow=. See ~Gally~.

+

+=Gallows= (pronounced _Gallus_). *(1) A pair of braces. (2)

+Exceedingly. Used with any adjective; as 'Gallus dear,' very

+expensive (_Great Estate_, ch. iv. p. 75).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A gallus bad wench her be!'--_Dark_, ch. xviii.

+

+*(3) 'He's a gallus chap,' i.e. plucky.

+

+=Gallows-gate=. A light gate, consisting only of a hinged style,

+top-rail, and one strut.--N.W.

+

+=Gallus=. See ~Gallows~.--N.W.

+

+=Gally=, =Gallow=. To frighten or terrify. ~Gallow~ (B.H., _Lansd.

+MS._), ~Gally~ (A.B.S.), Pret. _gallered_, astonished, frightened

+(A.B.C.S.) 'He gallered I amwost into vits.' Still in use about

+Marlborough and in S.W. From M.E. _galwen_; A.S. _agaelwan_, to

+stupefy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The wrathful skies

+    Gallow the very wanderers of the dark.'--_Lear_, iii. 2.

+

+The word is still commonly used in the whale-fishery:--

+

+    'Young bulls ... are ... easily "gallied," that is,

+    frightened.'--MARRYAT, _Poor Jack_, ch. vi.

+

+=Gam=. A sticky mass, as 'all in a gam.' See ~Gaam~ (2).--N. & S.W.

+In S. Wilts the _a_ in this word and its derivatives is usually

+short, while in N. Wilts it is broad in sound.

+

+=Gambrel=. The piece of wood or iron used by butchers for extending

+or hanging a carcase (A.). ~Gamel~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamel=. See ~Gambrel~.

+

+=Gammer=. A woodlouse.--S.W.

+

+=Gammet=, =Gamut=. (1) _n._ Fun, frolicsome tricks. 'You be vull o'

+gamuts.'--N.W. (2) _v._ To frolic, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~

+and ~Gannick~. 'Thee bist allus a gammetting.'--N.W. (3) _v._ To play

+off practical jokes; to take in any one.--N.W.

+

+=Gammock=. _v._ To lark about, to play the fool, to frolic. See

+~Gannick~ and ~Gammet~.--N.W. (Marlborough.)

+

+=Gammotty=, =Gammutty=. (1) _adj._ Frolicsome, larky. See

+~Gammet~.--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of cheese, ill-flavoured. See

+~Cammocky~.--N.W.

+

+=Gammy=. (1) Sticky. See ~Gaamy~.--S.W. (2) Lame, crippled, having a

+'game leg.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gamut=. See ~Gammet~.

+

+=Gander-flanking, To go=. To go off larking or 'wondermenting.'

+Perhaps a corruption of _gallivanting_.--S.W. (Upton Scudamore.)

+

+=Gandigoslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. Compare

+_Gandergosses_ in _Gerarde_ (_Appendix_), and _Candle-gostes_

+in _Folk-Etymology_. Also see ~Dandy-goslings~, ~Dandy-goshen~,

+~Goosey-ganders~, ~Goslings~, ~Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander~, and

+~Granfer-goslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Gannick=. To lark about, to play the fool. See ~Gammock~.--S.W.

+(Warminster, &c.)

+

+=Gapps=, =Gaapsey=. To gape or stare at anything. 'Thee'st allus a

+gaapsin' about.'--N.W.

+

+=Garley-gut=. A gluttonous person. Perhaps connected with _gorle_, to

+devour eagerly (see Halliwell).

+

+    '"Let's go to bed," says Heavy-Head,

+    "Let's bide a bit," says Sloth,

+    "Put on the pot," says Garley-gut,

+    "We'll sup afore we g'auf" [go off].'--_Nursery Rhyme._

+

+=Gashly=. See ~Ghastly~.

+

+=Gate=. _n._ Excitement, 'taking.' 'Her wur in a vine gate

+wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Gatfer=. See ~Gotfer~.

+

+=Gauge-brick=. A brick which shows by its change of colour when the

+oven is hot enough for baking. Cf. ~Warning-stone~.--N.W.

+

+    'She knew when the oven was hot enough by the gauge-brick:

+    this particular brick as the heat increased became spotted

+    with white, and when it had turned quite white the oven was

+    ready.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii. p. 152.

+

+=Gawl-cup=. See ~Gold-cup~.

+

+=Gawney=. A simpleton (A.H.S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Leave m' 'lone y' great gawney!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 83.

+

+=Gay=. Of wheat, rank in the blade (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Gee=, =Jee=. To agree, to work well together (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Genow=. See ~Go-now~.

+

+*=Gentlemen's-and-ladies'-fingers=. _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint. Cf. ~Lady's-Finger~ (2).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Ghastly= (pronounced Gashly). This word is used in many ways, as

+'Thick hedge wur gashly high, but it be ter'ble improved now.'--N.W.

+(Huish.) At Etchilhampton, N.W., a 'gashly ditch' is one that is cut

+too wide.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. Onions grown from bulbs. Cf. ~Chipples~ and

+~Cribbles~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gicksey=. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Giggley=. See ~Goggley~.

+

+=Gigletting=. _adj._ Fond of rough romping; wanton. Used only of

+females. 'Dwoan't ha' no truck wi' thuck there giglettin' wench o'

+his'n.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Gilcup=. Buttercups in general; occasionally restricted to _R.

+Ficaria_. Cf. ~Gold-cup~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gill=. A low four-wheeled timber-carriage (_Cycl. of Agric._).

+

+*=Gilty-cup=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Gin-and-Water Market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Some towns have only what is called a "gin-and-water" market:

+    that is, the "deal" is begun and concluded from small samples

+    carried in the pocket and examined at an inn over a glass of

+    spirits and water.'--_The Toilers of the Field_, p. 28.

+

+=Gipsy=. Carnation grass, _Carex panicea_, L., because it turns so

+brown.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gipsy-rose=. _Scabiosa atropurpurea_, L., the Garden Scabious.--N.W.

+

+=Girls=. The short-pistilled or 'thrum-eyed' blossoms of the

+Primrose, _Primula vulgaris_, L. See ~Boys~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Gix=, =Gicksey=, &c. See ~Kecks~.

+

+=Glory-hole=. A place for rubbish or odds and ends, as a housemaid's

+cupboard, or a lumber room.--N.W.

+

+    'This has nothing to do with Lat. _gloria_, but is connected

+    with M.E. _glorien_, to befoul (_Prompt. Parv._). Compare Prov.

+    Eng. _glorry_, greasy, fat. Thus _glory-hole_=a dirty, untidy

+    nook. See _Folk-Etymology_, p. 145.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Glox=. This is given by most authorities as a noun, and defined as

+'the sound of liquids when shaken in a barrel' (A.B.H.Wr.); but it

+is really a verb, and refers to the motion and peculiar gurgling of

+liquids against the side of a barrel or vessel that is not quite full

+(C.). In Hants _gloxing_ is the noise made by falling, gurgling water

+(Cope). Cf. ~Lottle~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Fill the Barrel full, John, or else it will glox in

+    Carriage.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+=Glutch=. To swallow (A.B.C.S.). According to _Cunnington MS_, the

+use of _glutch_ implies that there is some difficulty in swallowing,

+while _quilt_ is to swallow naturally.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Glutcher=. The throat (S.). See ~Glutch~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Gnaa-post=. A simpleton (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Gnaing=. To mock, to insult (S.). Also used in West of England and

+Sussex.--S.W.

+

+=Goat-weed=. _Polygonum Convolvulus_, L., Black Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Gob=. (1) _n._ Much chatter (S.).--S.W. (2) _v._ To talk.--S.W.

+

+*=Goche=. A pitcher (H.Wr.). Perhaps a mistake, as Morton (_Cycl. of

+Agric._) gives _gotch_ under Norfolk.

+

+=Gog=, =Goggmire=. A swamp or quagmire. Cf. ~Quavin-gog~. 'I be all

+in a goggmire,' in a regular fix or dilemma.--N.W.

+

+    'In Minty Common ... is a boggie place, called the _Gogges_....

+    _Footnote_. Perhaps a corruption of _quag_, itself a

+    corruption of _quake_. "I be all in a goggmire" is a North

+    Wilts phrase for being in what appears an inextricable

+    difficulty.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 271.

+

+=Goggle=. (1) _n._ A snail-shell. Cf. E. _cockle_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+    '=Guggles=, the empty shells of snails--not the large brown

+    kind, but those of various colours.'--MISS E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+(2) _v._ 'To go goggling,' to collect snail-shells (_Springtide_,

+p. 89).--N.W. (3) _v._ To shake or tremble, as a table with one leg

+shorter than the others. 'I do trembly an' goggly ael day.'--N. &

+S.W. (4) _n._ 'All of a goggle,' shaking all over, especially from

+physical weakness. 'How are you to-day, Sally?' 'Lor', Zur! I be aal

+of a goggle.' 'What on earth do you mean?' 'Why, I be zo ter'ble

+giggly, I can't scarce kip my lags nohow.'--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Goggles=. A disease in sheep (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xiv).--N.W.

+(Castle Eaton.)

+

+=Goggly=. Unsteady, shaky. Sometimes ~Giggly~ is used, as in example

+given under ~Goggle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goggmire=. See ~Gog~.

+

+=Gold=. Nodules of iron pyrites in chalk.--N.W. Heard once or twice,

+near Clyffe Pypard, years ago.--G. E. D.

+

+    'On past the steep wall of an ancient chalk-quarry, where the

+    ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them thunderbolts and

+    "gold," for when broken the radial metallic fibres glisten

+    yellow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Gold-cup= (pronounced _Gawl-cup_). The various forms of Buttercup.

+Cf. ~Gilcup~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Golden Chain=. (1) Laburnum (S.). The general name for it

+in Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow

+Vetchling.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Goldlock=. _Sinapis arvensis_, L., Charlock.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Go-now=, =Genow=, =Good-now=. Used as an expletive, or an address

+to a person (S.). 'What do 'ee thenk o' that, genow!' Also used in

+Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gooding Day=. St. Thomas' Day, when children go 'gooding,' or asking

+for Christmas boxes.--N.W.

+

+*=Good Neighbour=. Jefferies (_Village Miners_) speaks of a weed

+called by this name, but does not identify it. See below.

+

+=Good Neighbourhood=. (1) _Chenopodium Bonus-Henricus_, L., Good

+King Henry.--N.W. (Devizes.) (2) _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian (_English Plant Names_).--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Good-now=. See ~Go-now~ (S.). Used at Downton, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Gooseberry-pie=. _Valeriana dioica_, L., All-heal.--S.W.

+

+=Goosegog=. A green gooseberry (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosehill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+*=Goosen-chick=. A gosling (Wr.). *~Goosen-chick's vather~. A gander

+(Wr.). Both these words would appear to belong to Som. and Dev.

+rather than Wilts.

+

+=Goosey-gander=. A game played by children (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Goosey-ganders=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis.--N.W.

+

+*=Gore=. A triangular piece of ground (D.).

+

+=Goslings=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple Orchis. See

+~Gandigoslings~.--N.W.

+

+=Goss=. _Ononis arvensis_, L., Restharrow. Gorse, _Ulex_, is always

+'Fuzz.'--N.W.

+

+=Gossiping=. A christening.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Gotfer=. An old man (H.Wr.). *~Gatfer~ is still in use about

+Malmesbury.--N.W.

+

+=Grab-hook=. A kind of grapnel used for recovering lost buckets from

+a well.

+

+=Graft=. (1) A draining spade.--N.W. (2) The depth of earth dug

+therewith.--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. Dirty (A.H.Wr.); ~Grainted~ (B.); the latter being a

+mispronunciation.--N.W.

+

+=Grains=. The tines of a gardening fork, as 'a four-grained

+prong.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gramfer=. Grandfather (A.B.). ~Granfer~ (S.) and ~Gramp~ are also

+used.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Grammer=. Grandmother (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W. Becoming obsolete.

+

+=Grammered in=. Of dirt, so grained in, that it is almost impossible

+to wash it off. ~Grammered~: Begrimed (H.).--N.W.

+

+*=Grampha-Griddle-Goosey-Gander=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Granfer-goslings=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Granny-jump-out-of-bed=. _Aconitum Napellus_, L., Monks-hood.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. (1) _Anemone nemorosa_, L.,

+Wood Anemone.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L.,

+Common Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.) (3) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--N.W. (4) _Convolvulus arvensis_, L., Field Bindweed.--N.W.

+

+*=Grate=. Earth (D.).

+

+*=Grate-board=. The mould-board of a plough (D.).

+

+*=Gratings=. The right of feed in the stubbles (D.). See ~Gretton~.

+

+=Gravel-Path, The=. The Milky Way.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Gray Woodpecker=. _Picus major_, the Great Spotted Woodpecker

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 253). See ~Black Woodpecker~.

+

+=Great axe=. The large English woodman's axe (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Greggles=, or =Greygles=. _Scilla nutans_, Sm., Wild Hyacinth. Cf.

+~Blue Goggles~.--S.W.

+

+*=Gretton=. Stubble (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._) See ~Gratings~.

+

+=Greybeard=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when in

+seed.--N.W.

+

+=Greygles=. See ~Greggles~.

+

+=Griggles=. Small worthless apples remaining on the tree after the

+crop has been gathered in.--N.W.

+

+=Griggling=. Knocking down the 'griggles,' as boys are allowed by

+custom to do.--N.W.

+

+=Grindstone Apple=. The crab-apple; used to sharpen reap-hooks, its

+acid biting into the steel. The 'Grindstone Apple' mentioned in the

+_Eulogy of R. Jefferies_, p. iv. is probably the 'Grindstone Pippin'

+of _Wood Magic_, not the crab.--N.W.

+

+=Grip=, or =Gripe=. (1) To _grip_ wheat is to divide it into bundles

+before making up the sheaves.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A grip of wheat,' the

+handful grasped in reaping (A.). It is _laid down in gripe_ when laid

+ready in handfuls untied (D.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To drain with covered

+turf or stone drains, as opposed to _frith_. To _take up gripe_, is

+to make such drains (D.).--S.W.

+

+=Grist=, =Griz=. To snarl and show the teeth, as an angry dog or man

+(A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Grizzle=. To grumble, complain, whine, cry.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Grom=. A forked stick used by thatchers for carrying the bundles of

+straw up to the roof (A.B.G.).

+

+*=Gropsing=. 'The gropsing of the evening,' dusk.--Obsolete.

+

+    'Both came unto the sayd Tryvatt's howse in the gropsing of the

+    yevening.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xxii. 227.

+

+=Ground=. A field.--N.W.

+

+    'A whirlewind took him up ... and layd him down safe, without

+    any hurt, in the next ground.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_ p.

+    16, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Ground-sill stone=. Quarrymen's term for one of the beds of the

+Portland oolite--useful for bridges, &c., where great strength is

+required (Britton's _Beauties_, vol. iii).

+

+=Ground-rest=. The wood supporting the share, in the old wooden

+plough (D.). _Rest_ is a mistake for _wrest_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Grout=. (1) _v._ To root like a hog.--N.W. (2) _v._ Hence, to

+rummage about.--N.W.

+

+=Grouty=. _adj._ Of the sky, thundery, threatening rain. It looks

+'ter'ble grouty' in summer when thunder clouds are coming up.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Grump=. 'To grump about,' to complain of all sorts of ailments.--N.W.

+

+*=Grupper=. To give up (Wr.). There would appear to be some mistake

+here, as we cannot trace the word elsewhere.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _n._ A filthy place, a foul gutter or drain (A.H.Wr.),

+~Gubborn~ (B.). Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._? Compare

+Devon _gubbings_, offal, refuse.

+

+=Guggles=. See ~Goggles~.

+

+=Guinea-pigs=, =Pigs=. Woodlice. See ~Butchers'-Guinea-Pigs~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Gule=. To sneer or make mouths at (A.). Also used in Hereford.

+

+=Guley=, =Guly=. _adj._ (1) Of sheep, giddy, suffering from a

+disease in the head which affects the brain and causes a kind of

+vertigo.--N.W. (2) Of persons, queer, stupid, or silly-looking.

+Compare _Guled_, bewildered, Berks. After being very drunk

+over-night, a man looks 'ter'ble guley' in the morning.--N.W.

+

+=Gullet-hole=. A large drain-hole through a hedge-bank to carry off

+water.--N.W.

+

+*=Gurgeons=. Coarse flour (A.).

+

+=Gushill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Guss=. (1) _n._ The girth of a saddle (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To

+girth; to tie tightly round the middle. A bundle of hay should be

+'gussed up tight.' A badly dressed fat woman 'looks vor aal the world

+like a zack o' whate a-gussed in wi' a rawp.'--N.W.

+

+=Gustrill=. See ~Guzzle~.

+

+=Gutter=. To drain land with open drains (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle=. (1) The filth of a drain (B.). (2) A filthy drain (A.B.).

+~Goosehill~ (Wr.), ~Gushill~ (K.), and ~Gustrill~ (H.Wr.), the latter

+being probably a misprint.--N.W.

+

+=Guzzle-berry=. Gooseberry. Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=H=. It should be noted that the cockney misuse of _H_ is essentially

+foreign to our dialect. Formerly it was the rarest thing in the

+world to hear a true Wiltshire rustic make such a slip, though the

+townsfolk were by no means blameless in this respect, but now the

+spread of education and the increased facilities of communication

+have tainted even our rural speech with cockneyisms and slang phrases.

+

+=Hack=. (1) _v._ To loosen the earth round potatoes, preparatory

+to earthing them up. This is done with a 'tater-hacker,' an old

+three-grained garden-fork, which by bending down the tines or

+'grains' at right angles to the handle has been converted into

+something resembling a rake, but used as a hoe. In Dorset hoeing is

+called _hacking_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) *(2) _n._ The shed in which

+newly-made bricks are set out to dry.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Hacka=. _n._ A nervous hesitation in speaking (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+    'He speaks with so many hacks and hesitations.'--DR. H. MORE.

+

+=Hacker=. (1) _v._ See ~Hakker~. (2) _n._ The instrument used in

+'hacking' potatoes; also known as a ~Tomahawk~.--N.W.

+

+=Hacketty=. See ~Hicketty~.

+

+=Hackle=. *(1) _n._ The mane of a hog (A.H.Wr.). (2) _n._ The straw

+covering of a bee-hive or of the apex of a rick (A.).--N.W. *(3) To

+agree together (A.). (4) To rattle or re-echo.--N.W.

+

+=Hagged=. Haggard, worn out, exhausted-looking. 'He came in quite

+hagged.' 'Her 've a had a lot to contend wi' to-year, and her 's

+hagged to death wi't aal.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hagger=. See ~Hakker~.

+

+=Haggle=. To cut clumsily. See ~Agg~.--N.W.

+

+    'They took out their knives and haggled the skin

+    off.'--_Bevis_, ch. vii.

+

+=Hag-rod=. Bewitched, hag-ridden, afflicted with nightmare.

+*~Haig-raig~, bewildered (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hail=. The beard of barley. See ~Aile~, which is the more correct

+form (Smythe-Palmer).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The black knots on the delicate barley straw were beginning to

+    be topped with the hail.'--_Round about a Great Estate_, ch. i.

+    p. 8.

+

+=Hain=, =Hain up=. _v._ To reserve a field of grass for mowing

+(A.B.D.).--N.W. Treated as a noun by Akerman.

+

+    'Three acres of grass ... to be hayned by the farmer at

+    Candlemas and carried by the Vicar at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+=Haito=. A horse; used by mothers and nurses concurrently with

+_Gee-gee_. A contraction of _Hait-wo_, the order to a horse to go to

+the left. _Highty_ is similarly used in N. of England.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hait-wo=. See above.

+

+=Hakker=, =Hacker=. To tremble (S.), as with passion (A.), cold, or

+ague. ~Hagger.~ To chatter with cold (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Bless m' zoul, if I dwon't think our maester's got the ager!

+    How a hackers an bivers, to be zhure!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Half-baked=, or =Half-saved=. Half-witted.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hallantide=. All Saints' Day (B.).

+

+=Hallege=, =Harrige=. _n._ The latter seems to be the original form

+of the word, and is still occasionally heard; but for at least

+seventy years it has been more commonly pronounced as _hallege_,

+_l_ and _r_ having been interchanged. We have met with it at Clyffe

+Pypard, Bromham, Huish, and elsewhere in N. Wilts; but, so far as

+we know, it is not used in S. Wilts. _Havage_=disturbance, which

+the Rev. S. Baring-Gould heard once in Cornwall, and made use of

+in his fine West-Country romance, _John Herring_, ch. xxxix, is

+doubtless a variant of the same word. (1) Of persons, a crowd; also,

+contemptuously, a low rabble. 'Be you a-gwain down to zee what they

+be a-doing at the Veast?' 'No, _I_ bean't a-gwain amang such a

+hallege as that!'--N.W. (2) Of things, confusion, disorder. Were a

+load of _top and lop_, intended to be cut up for firewood, shot down

+clumsily in a yard gateway, it would be said, 'What a hallege you've

+a-got there, blocking up the way!--N.W. (3) Hence, it sometimes

+appears to mean rubbish, as when it is applied to the mess and litter

+of small broken twigs and chips left on the ground after a tree has

+been cut and carried.--N.W. (4) It is also occasionally used of a

+disturbance of some sort, as 'What a hallege!' what a row!--N.W.

+

+=Ham=. (1) A narrow strip of ground by a river, as ~Mill-ham~ (A.D.).

+(2) See Haulm (S.).

+

+=Hames=. Pieces of wood attached to a horse's collar in drawing

+(A.D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hanch= (_a_ broad). Of a cow or bull, to thrust with the horns,

+whether in play or earnest.--N.W.

+

+=Hand=. (1) _n._ Corn has 'a good hand' when it is dry and slippery

+in the sack, 'a bad hand' when it is damp and rough (D.).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To act as a second in a fight.--N.W. (3) _v._ 'To have hands

+with anything,' to have anything to do with it. 'I shan't hae no

+hands wi't.--N.W. See ~Hank~.

+

+=Hand-box=. See ~Box~.

+

+=Hander=. The second to a pugilist (A.). See ~Hand~ (2).--N.W.

+

+=Handin'-post=. A sign-post.--N.W.

+

+=Hand-staff=. The part of the 'drashell' which is held in the hand.

+

+=Hand-wrist=. The wrist.--N.W.

+

+=Handy=. Near to, as 'handy home,' 'handy ten o'clock' (A.B.M.S.). 'A

+gied un vower days' work, or handy.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hang=. 'To hang up a field,' to take the cattle off it, and give it

+a long rest, so as to freshen up the pasture.--N.W.

+

+=Hang-fair=. A public execution, as 'Hang-fair at 'Vize,' formerly

+treated as a great holiday.--N.W., obsolete. The Pleasure Fair at

+Warminster on August 11 is known as 'Hang-Fair,' perhaps from the

+hanging of two murderers there on that day in 1813. See _Wilts Notes

+and Queries_, i. 40, 139.

+

+=Hang-gallows=. A gallows-bird (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Where's the money I put in th' zack, you hang-gallus?" roared

+    Mr. Twink.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 55.

+

+=Hanging=. (1) The steep wooded slope of a hill.--N. & S.W. (2) A

+hillside field (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Hanging Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.; from the way in

+which it is usually suspended in a cottage window; also known as

+~Strawberry Geranium~, from its strawberry-like runners.--S.W.

+

+=Hanging-post=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it

+is hung to its post. Frequently heard, although ~Har~ is much more

+commonly used.--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Hanglers=. The hooks by which pots and kettles are suspended over

+open fireplaces in old cottages and farm-houses. See ~Coglers~.--N.W.

+

+*=Hank=. Dealings with (S.). 'I won't ha' no hank wi' un,' will have

+nothing at all to do with him. Cf. ~Hand~ (3).--S.W.

+

+*=Hants-sheep=, =Hants-horses=. See quotation.

+

+    'They were called [in Wilts] hants sheep; they were a sort of

+    sheep that never shelled their teeth, but always had their

+    lambs-teeth without shedding them, and thrusting out two

+    broader in their room every year.... There were such a sort of

+    horses called hants horses, that always showed themselves to be

+    six years old.'--LISLE'S _Husbandry_, 1757.

+

+=Happer-down=. To come down smartly, to rattle down, as hail, or

+leaves in autumn.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Haps=. (1) _n._ A hasp (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To hasp, to

+fasten up a door or box (A.B.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Har=. The hinder upright timber of a gate, by which it is hung to

+its post. A.S. _heorre_, M.E. _herre_, the hinge of a door. See

+~Head~ and ~Hanging-post~.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+    'We wants some more heads and hars cut out.' Carpenters about

+    Marlborough usually reduce the word to a single letter in

+    making up their accounts, as 'To a new R to Cow-lease gate,

+    &c.'--Rev. C. SOAMES.

+

+=Hardhead=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Harl=. (1) _v._ To thrust a dead rabbit's hind-foot through a slit

+in the other leg, so as to form a loop to hang it up or carry it

+by (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii). _Hardle_ in Dorset.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ To entangle (C.). _Harl_, knotted (A.S.), is a mistake for

+_harled_.--N. & S.W. (3) _n._ An entanglement (B.C.). 'The thread

+be aal in a harl.' A knot (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+Brit.)--N. & S.W. *(4) Of oats, _well-harled_ is well-eared (D).

+

+=Harrige=. See HALLEGE.

+

+*=Harrows=. The longitudinal bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Harvest-trow=. The shrew-mouse (_Wild Life_, ch. ix); ~Harvest-row~

+(A.H.Wr.)--N.W.

+

+*=Hask=. A husky cough to which cows are subject (Lisle's

+_Husbandry_). See HUSK.

+

+=Hatch=. (1) _n._ A 'wallow,' or line of raked-up hay.--N.W. (2) _v._

+'To hatch up,' to rake hay into hatches.--N.W. (3) _n._ A half-door

+(A.B.C.). 'Barn-hatch,' a low board put across the door, over which

+you must step to enter.--N.W.

+

+=Haulm=, =Ham=, =Haam=, =Helm=. A stalk of any vegetable (A.B.),

+especially potatoes and peas.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Haycock=. A much larger heap of hay than a 'foot-cock.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hayes=. A piece of ground enclosed with a live hedge; used as a

+termination, as ~Calf-Hayes~ (D.). A.S. _hege_ (Skeat).

+

+=Hay-home=. See quotation.

+

+    'It was the last day of the hay-harvest--it was "hay-home" that

+    night.'--R. JEFFERIES, _A True Tale of the Wiltshire Labourer_.

+

+=Hay-making=. Grass as it is mown lies in _swathe_ (N. & S.W.); then

+it is _turned_ (S.W.), preparatory to being _tedded_ (N. & S.W.), or

+_spread_; then raked up into lines called _hatches_ (N.W.), which

+may be either _single hatch_ or _double hatch_, and are known in

+some parts as wallows (N.W.); next _spread_ and _hatched up_ again,

+and put up in small _foot-cocks_, _cocks_ (N.W.), or _pooks_ (N. &

+S.W.); finally, after being thrown about again, it is _waked up_

+into _long wakes_ (N.W.), or _rollers_ (S.W.), and if not made

+temporarily into _summer-ricks_ (N.W.), is then carried. No wonder

+that John Burroughs (_Fresh Fields_, p. 55) remarks that in England

+hay 'is usually nearly worn out with handling before they get it into

+the rick.' Almost every part of the county has its own set of terms.

+Thus about Warminster meadow-hay is (1) turned, (2) spread or tedded,

+(3) put in rollers, (4) pooked; while at Clyffe Pypard it is tedded,

+hatched, waked and cocked, and at Huish waked and pooked. _Roller_ is

+pronounced as if it rhymed with _collar_. Hay is 'put in rollers,' or

+'rollered up.'

+

+=Hazon= (_a_ broad). To scold or threaten (A.B.C.H.Wr.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee hazon the child for 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Head=. The front upright timber of a gate. See Har and

+Falling-post.--N.W. (Marlborough; Huish; Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Headland=. (1) _adj._ Headlong, as to 'fall headland' or

+'neck-headland.'--N.W. (2) The strip where the plough turns at bottom

+and top of a field, which must either be ploughed again at right

+angles to the rest, or dug over with the spade; generally called the

+~Headlong~ by labourers in S. Wilts.

+

+=Headlong=. See ~Headland~.

+

+=Heal=, =Hele=. Of seeds, to cover or earth over (D.); ~Heeld~,

+~Yeeld~ (_Great Estate_, ch. viii). When the ground is dry and hard,

+and the wheat when sown does not sink in and get covered up at once,

+it is said not to _heal well_, and requires harrowing.--N.W.

+

+=Heartless=. 'A heartless day' is a wet day with a strong south-west

+wind.--S.W.

+

+=Heater= (pronounced _Hetter_). A flat iron (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heave=, =Eve=. Of hearthstones, &c., to sweat or become damp on the

+surface in dry weather, a sign of coming change and wet. ~Eave~, to

+sweat (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heavy= (pronounced _Heevy_). Of weather, damp. See ~Heave~.--N.W.

+

+=Heaver=. Part of the old-fashioned winnowing tackle.--N.W.

+

+*=He-body=. A woman of masculine appearance.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Hecth=. Height (A.).

+

+=Hedge-carpenter=. A professional maker and repairer of rail fences,

+&c. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-hog=. The prickly seed-vessel of _Ranunculus arvensis_, L.,

+Corn Buttercup (_Great Estate_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Hedge-peg=. The fruit of the Sloe, q.v. Cf. ~Eggs-eggs~.--N.W.

+(Marlborough.)

+

+=Hedge-pick=, =Hedge-speaek=. See ~Sloe~.--N.W.

+

+=Heeld=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Heft=. (1) _n._ The weight of anything as poised in the hand

+(A.B.C.M.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To weigh or test weight in the hand

+(A.B.), to lift.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hele=, =Heel=, =Hill=. (1) To pour out (A.B.H.Wr.), to serve out or

+dispense.--S.W. (2) See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hellocky=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Helm= (1) See ~Elm~. (2) See ~Haulm~.

+

+=Helyer=. A tiler. An old word, but still in use.--N.W.

+

+=Hen-and-Chicken=. (1) _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.--N.W.

+(2) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L., from its mode of growth.--N.W.

+

+=Henge=. See ~Hinge~.

+

+=Hen-hussey=. A meddlesome woman.--N.W.

+

+=Here and there one=. 'I wur mortal bad aal the way [by sea] and as

+sick as here and there one.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Herence=. Hence (A.B.).

+

+=Hereright=. (1) Of time: on the spot, immediately (A.B.), the only

+use in N.W. (2) Of place: this very spot (S.).--S.W. (3) Hence (A.),

+probably a mistake.

+

+=Hesk=. See ~Husk~.

+

+=Het=. 'A main het o' coughing,' a fit of coughing.--S.W.

+

+=Hetter=. See ~Heater~ (S.).

+

+=He-woman=. The same as ~He-body~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Hicketty=. Hacking, as a cough.--S.W. ~Hacketty~.--N.W.

+

+=Hidlock=. 'In hidlock,' in concealment. Akerman, by some mistake,

+treats this as verb instead of noun. 'Her kep' it in hidlock aal this

+time.'--N.W.

+

+=Hike=. To hook or catch. 'I hiked my foot in a root.' See ~Hook~ and

+~Uck~.--N.W.

+

+=Hike off=. To decamp hastily, to slink off (A.B.C.S.); mostly used

+in a bad sense.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hile=. See ~Hyle~.

+

+=Hill=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Hill-trot=. Apparently a corruption of ~Eltrot~. (1) _Heracleum

+Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. *(2) _Oenanthe crocata_, L., Water

+Hemlock.--S.W. (Charlton and Barford.)

+

+=Hilp=. Fruit of the sloe.--N.W.

+

+=Hilp-wine=. Sloe-wine.--N.W.

+

+=Hilt=. A young sow kept for breeding (A.).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hinge=, =Henge=. The heart, liver, and lungs of a sheep or pig (A.).

+In some parts of S. Wilts used only of the latter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hinted= Harvested, secured in barn (D.). 'Never zeed a better crop

+o' wheat, if so be could be hinted well.' A.S. _hentan_, to seize on,

+to secure.--N.W.

+

+=Hit=. (1) To bear a good crop, to succeed: as 'Th' apples hit well

+t' year.' Treated by Akerman as a noun instead of a verb.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To pour out or throw out. 'You ought to het a quart o' drenk

+into 'ee.' 'Hit it out on the garden patch.'--N.W.

+

+=Hitchland=. See ~Hookland~.

+

+=Hitter=. A cow which is ill and appears likely to die is said to be

+'going off a hitter.'--N.W.

+

+=Hittery=. Of cows: suffering from looseness, ill.--N.W.

+

+=Hobby=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck.--S.W. (Bishopstone.).

+

+*=Hob-lantern=. Will-o'-the-Wisp (A.B.).

+

+=Hock about=. To treat a thing carelessly; drag it through the mud.

+'Now dwoan't 'ee gwo a-hocken on your new vrock about.'--N.W. The

+usual form in S. Wilts is ~Hack-about~.

+

+=Hocks=. (1) To cut in an unworkmanlike manner (A.). (2) To trample

+earth into a muddy, untidy condition.--N.W.

+

+=Hocksy=, =Hoxy=. Dirty, muddy, miry.--N.W.

+

+    'It's about two miles in vine weather; but when it's hocksey

+    like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'--_Wilts Tales_,

+    p. 179.

+

+*=Hodmandod=, =Hodmedod=. _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.).

+

+=Hodmedod=. (1) _n._ A snail.--N.W. (Mildenhall.) *(2) Short and

+clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmandod~.

+

+=Ho for=. (1) To provide for. See ~Howed for~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard;

+Malmesbury.) (2) To desire, to long for. 'I did hankeran' ho a'ter

+'ee zo.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Hog=. (1) n. Originally a castrated animal, as a hog pig (D.). (2)

+Now extended to any animal of a year old, as a chilver hog sheep (D.).

+

+    'We have wether hogs, and chilver hogs, and shear hogs ... the

+    word hog is now applied to any animal of a year old, such as a

+    hog bull, a chilver hog sheep.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ xvii 303.

+

+    '1580 ... Una ovis vocata a hogge.'--SCROPE'S _History of

+    Castle Combe_.

+

+(3) To cut a mane or hedge short (D.), so that the stumps stick up

+like bristles (_Village Miners_).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hogo=. (Fr. _haut gout_). A bad smell (_Monthly Mag._ 1814). Still

+frequently used of tainted meat or strong cheese.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Hollardy-day=. The 3rd of May. Apparently a perversion of 'Holy

+Rood Day.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Home, to be called=. To have the banns of marriage published.--S.W.

+

+    'They tells I as 'ow Bet Stingymir is gwain to be caal'd whoam

+    to Jim Spritely on Zundy.'--_Slow._

+

+=Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, occasionally.

+*~Maiden's Honesty~ (Aubrey's Wilts MS.).--N.W.

+

+=Honey-bottle=. (1) Heather. (2) Furze. It is not clear which is

+intended in _Great Estate_, ch. i.

+

+*=Honey-plant=. Some old-fashioned sweet-scented plant, perhaps the

+dark Sweet Scabious, which used to be known as 'Honey-flower' in some

+counties.

+

+    'In the garden, which was full of old-fashioned shrubs

+    and herbs, she watched the bees busy at the sweet-scented

+    "honey-plant."'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+Also see _Reproach of Annesley_, vol. i. p. 119, for Hants use of the

+name:--

+

+    'Sibyl bent over a honey plant encrusted with pink-scented

+    blossoms, about which the bees ... were humming--an

+    old-fashioned cottage plant.'

+

+=Honey-suckle=. (1) _Lamium album_, L., White Dead Nettle, sucked by

+children for its honey.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) Also applied to both

+Red and White Clover, _Trifolium pratense_ and _T. repens._--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hook=. Of a bull, to gore (S.). See ~Uck~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Compare _huck_, to push, lift, gore, Hants; and Prov. _hike_,

+    to toss.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Hookland= (or =Hitchland=) =Field=. A portion of the best land in a

+common field, reserved for vetches, potatoes, &c., instead of lying

+fallow for two years (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii). Parts of some

+fields are still known as ~Hooklands~ in S. Wilts, though the system

+has died out. Sometimes defined as 'land tilled every year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Hoop=. _Pyrrhula vulgaris_, the Bullfinch (A.B.); also ~Red

+Hoop~.--N.W.

+

+=Hoops=, or =Waggon-Hoops=. The woodwork projecting from the sides of

+a waggon so as to form an arch over the hind wheels.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Hooset=. See ~Housset~.

+

+=Hop-about=. An apple dumpling (B.C.), probably from its bobbing

+about in the pot. Cf. ~Apple-bout~.--N.W.

+

+=Hopper=. A grig (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. i).

+

+=Horse-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Horse-Matcher=. _Saxicola rubicola_, the Stonechat (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 150).

+

+    'Horse-matchers or stonechats also in summer often visit the

+    rick-yard.'--_Wild Life_, ch. x. p. 159.

+

+=Horses=. In N. Wilts the orders given to a plough or team are as

+follows:--to the front horse, _Coom ether_, go to the left, and

+_Wowt_, to the right: to the hinder horse, _Wo-oot_, to the right,

+and _Gie aay_ or _Gie aay oot_, to the left. The orders to oxen are

+somewhat different.

+

+=Horse-shoe=. _Acer Pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore.--S.W. (Barford

+St. Martin.)

+

+*=Horse's-leg=. A bassoon.

+

+=Horse-Snatcher=. _Saxicola oenanthe_, the Wheatear (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 152).--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Horse-stinger=, =Hosstenger=. The Dragon-fly (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Hound=. The fore-carriage of a waggon.--N.W.

+

+=House=, =Houst=. To grow stout. 'Lor, ma'am, how you've

+a-housted!'--N.W.

+

+=Housset=, =Hooset=, =Wooset=. (1) _n._ A serenade of rough music,

+got up to express public disapproval of marriages where there is

+great disparity of age, flagrant immorality, &c. See article on _The

+Wooset_ in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88; cp. _N. & Q._ 4 Ser. xi.

+p. 225. In Berks the 'Hooset' is a draped horse's head, carried at a

+'Hooset Hunt.' See Lowsley's _Berks Gloss_.--N.W. (2) _v._ To take

+part in a housset.--N.W.

+

+*=Howe=. _n._ 'To be in a howe,' to be in a state of anxiety about

+anything (C.). See ~Ho for~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Howed-for=. Well provided for, taken care of (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Huckmuck=. (1) A strainer placed before the faucet in brewing

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) _Parus caudatus_, the Long-tailed Titmouse

+(_Birds of Wilts_, p. 173).--N. & S.W. (3) General untidiness and

+confusion, as at a spring-cleaning. A very dirty untidy old woman is

+'a reg'lar huckmuck.'--N.W.

+

+=Hucks=, =Husks=. (1) The chaff of oats (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Grains of wheat which have the chaff still

+adhering to them after threshing, and are only fit for feeding

+poultry.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Hud=. (1) _n._ The husk of a walnut, skin of a gooseberry, shell

+of a pea or bean, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To take off the husk of

+certain fruits and vegetables. Beans are _hudded_ and peas _shelled_

+for cooking.--N.W. (3) A finger-stall or finger of a glove (S.). Also

+~Huddick~ (S.).--N. & S.W. (4) A lump or clod of earth.--N.W. Cf.

+~Hut~.

+

+=Huddy=, =Oddy=. Of soil, full of lumps and clods.--N.W.

+

+*=Hudgy=. Clumsy, thick (A.B.C.H.Wr.).

+

+=Hudmedud=. (1) _n._ A scarecrow (A.). In common use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'Mester Cullum i sends you back your saddell koz its such a

+    cusnashun rum looking hudmedud of a theng that pipl woll no it

+    direckly.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 79.

+

+    '"That nimity-pimity odd-me-dod!"... Little contemptible

+    scarecrow.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+*(2) _adj._ Short and clumsy (B.). See ~Hodmedod~.

+

+=Hullocky!= 'Hullo! look here!' exclamation denoting surprise, or

+calling attention to anything (S.). This is usually pronounced

+_Hellucky_, and is a contraction of 'Here look ye!' Also

+_Yellucks_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    '"Now which way is it?"... "Yellucks," said the boy, meaning

+    "Look here."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+    '"This be the vinest veast ... as ever I zeed....

+    Yellucks!"--as much as to say, Look here, that is my

+    dictum.'--_Ibid._ ch. xi.

+

+=Humbug=. A sweet or lollipop.--N.W.

+

+=Humbuz=. A cockchafer.--N.W.

+

+*=Humdaw=. To speak hesitatingly (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Humming-bird=. _Regulus cristatus_, the Golden-crested Wren.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+    'We always calls 'em humming-birds here, and they are

+    humming-birds!' said the school-children at Huish, in the most

+    decided manner, when cross-examined as to the Gold-crest.

+    Apparently the same use obtains in Devon, as Martin speaks of

+    the 'humming-bird' as occurring in certain localities about

+    Tavistock, which are assigned to the Gold-crest by other

+    writers. See MRS. BRAY'S _Description of Devon_, 1836, vol. ii.

+    p. 146.

+

+*=Hummocksing=. Clumsy, awkward, loutish.

+

+    'She had a lover, but he was "a gurt hummocksing noon-naw" ...

+    a "great loose-jointed idiot."'--_Great Estate_, ch. iv.

+

+=Humstrum=. A home-made fiddle (S.). Sometimes applied also to a

+large kind of Jew's-harp.--S.W.

+

+=Hunch about=. To push or shove about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunder-stones=. Thunder-bolts (Aubrey's _Wilts, Roy. Soc. MS._).

+Probably either belemnites, or else the concretionary nodules of iron

+pyrites, called 'thunder-bolts' by the labourers, are here intended.

+See ~Thunder-stones~.

+

+=Hunked=. See ~Unked~ (A.H.).

+

+=Hurdle-footed=. Club-footed.--S.W.

+

+=Hurdle-shore=. The same as ~Fold-shore~.--S.W.

+

+=Hurkle=. To crowd together, as round the fire in cold weather. An

+old form of _hurtle_.

+

+    '_Hurtelyn_, as too thyngys togedur (al. _hurcolyn_, hurchyn

+    togeder). _Impingo_, _collido_.'--_Prompt. Parv._ c. 1440

+    (SMYTHE-PALMER).

+

+=Husk=, =Hesk=. A disease of the throat, often fatal to calves. See

+~Hask~.--N.W.

+

+=Husks=. See ~Hucks~.

+

+=Hut=. A lump of earth.--N.W. See ~Hud~ (4).

+

+=Hutty=. Lumpy, as ground that does not break up well.--N.W.

+

+=Hyle=, =Hile=, =Aisle=, &c. (1) _n._ A shock or cock of wheat,

+consisting of several sheaves set up together for carrying.

+The number of sheaves was formerly ten, for the tithing man's

+convenience, but now varies considerably, according to the crop.

+~Tithing~ in N.W. ~Hile-a-whate~ (S.) The forms given by Davis,

+_aisle_, _aile_, and _isle_, seem purely fanciful, as also does the

+derivation there suggested, a _hyle_ being merely a single shock.

+In some parts of Wilts the shape and size of a hyle will depend

+largely on the weather at harvest-time. Thus in a stormy season it

+will usually be built compact and round, while in a calm one it may

+sometimes form a line several yards in length.--S.W.

+

+    ''Tis merry while the wheat's in hile.'--BARNES, _Poems_.

+

+(2) _v._ To make up into hyles. Wheat and rye are always hyled, and

+oats usually so, about Salisbury.--S.W.

+

+

+=Ichila-pea=. The Missel-thrush: only heard from one person, but

+perhaps an old name.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Iles=. See ~Ailes~.

+

+=Imitate=. To resemble. 'The childern be immitatin' o' their vather

+about the nause.' Participle only so used.--N.W.

+

+=In-a-most=. Almost.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'It inamwoast killed our bwoy Sam.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 145.

+

+=Innocent=. Small, neat, unobtrusive, as 'a innocent little

+primrose.' Virtually restricted to flowers.--N.W.

+

+=Iron Pear=. _Pyrus Aria_, L., White Beam.--N.W. (Heddington, &c.)

+Iron-Pear-Tree Farm, near Devizes, is said to take its name from this

+tree.

+

+*=Isnet=. _Alkanet bugloss_ (D.).

+

+*=Ivors=. Hanging woods (_Slow_).--S.W. There would appear to be

+some misunderstanding here. The word may refer to the coverts on the

+hillside above Longbridge Deverill, which are known as _The Ivors_,

+the farm below being _Long Ivor Farm_. At Wroughton a field is called

+'_The Ivory_,' but this is perhaps a family name.

+

+=Izzard=. The letter Z (A.S.). Still in use in S.W.

+

+

+*=Jack=. A newt.--N.W. (Swindon.)

+

+=Jack=, =Jack Ern=. _Ardea cinerea_, the Heron (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+395).--N.W. Also ~Moll 'ern~.

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. The Great Bear.--N.W. (Huish.) See

+~Dick-and-his-team~.

+

+=Jack-go-to-bed-at-noon=. _Tragopogon pratensis_, L., Goat's

+Beard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jack-in-the-green=. (1) _Adonis autumnalis_, L.,

+Pheasant's-eye.--S.W. (2) The hose-in-hose variety of Polyanthus.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Jack-run-along-by-the-hedge=. _Alliaria officinalis_, Andrzj., Hedge

+Mustard.

+

+=Jacky-Dinah=. _Sylvia sylvicola_, the Wood Warbler.--S.W.

+(Bishopstone.)

+

+=Jacob's-ladder=. _Polygonatum multiflorum_, All., Solomon's

+Seal.--S.W. (Farley, &c.)

+

+=Jag=. The awn and head of the oat. Oats are spoken of as

+'well-jagged,' 'having a good jag,' 'coming out in jag,' &c.--N.W.

+

+    'The despised oats were coming out in jag ... in jag means the

+    spray-like drooping awn of the oat.'--_Round about a Great

+    Estate_, ch. i. p. 8.

+

+=Jan-Chider=. See ~Johnny Chider~.

+

+=Jarl=. To quarrel, to 'have words.'--N.W.

+

+=Jaw-bit=. Food carried out in the fields by labourers, to be eaten

+about 10 or 11 o'clock.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jee=. See ~Gee~.

+

+=Jew-berry=. _Rubus caesius_, L., Dewberry; a corruption of the

+proper name (_Wild Life_, ch. xi).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jibbets=. Small pieces. 'You never did see such a slut! her gownd

+a-hangin' in dirty jibbets [rags] aal about her heels!'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jiffle=. At Bishopston, N. Wilts, an old bell-ringer was recently

+heard to accuse the younger men of having got into a regular 'jiffle'

+(? confusion) while ringing. We have not met with the word elsewhere,

+but Hal. and Wright have _jiffle_, to be restless, var. dial.

+

+=Jiggery-poke=. Hocus-pocus. ~Jiggery-pokery.~ Unfair dealing (S.):

+deception.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jigget=. _v._ To ride or walk at a jog-trot. 'Here we go a

+jiggettin' along.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Jiggetty=. _adj._ (1) Jolty, shaky. 'This be a ter'ble jiggetty

+train.'--N.W. *(2) Fidgetty (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Jimmy=, =Sheep's Jimmy=. A sheep's head (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jimmy-swiver=. _n._ A state of trembling. Apparently connected with

+_whiver_ or _swiver_.--N.W.

+

+    '"Lor, Miss, how you did froughten I! I be all of a

+    jimmy-swiver," and she visibly trembled, which was what she

+    meant.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Jitch=, =Jitchy=. Such.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Jobbet=. A small load (A.).--N.W.

+

+*=Jod=. The letter J (A.S.).

+

+=Johnny Chider=, =Chan-chider=. The Sedge Warbler, _Salicaria

+phragmitis_. So called 'because it scolds so.'--S.W. Jan Chider (S.).

+

+=Jolter-headed=. Wrong-headed; used generally of a jealous spouse.

+'Her wur allus a jolter-headed 'ooman.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jonnick=. Honest, fair, straightforward in dealings (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Joseph-and-Mary=. _Pulmonaria officinalis_, L., Common Lung-wort,

+the flowers being of two colours, red and blue.--N.W.

+

+=Joy-bird=. The Jay, _Garrulus glandarius_. The name commonly used in

+N. Wilts for the Jay. Fr. _geai_.--N.W. (Savernake Forest, &c.)

+

+=Jumble=. A kind of coarse dark brown sweetmeat (_My Old

+Village_).--N.W.

+

+=Jumping Jesuses=. The long-legged water-flies, _Gerris_, which skim

+along the surface of streams.--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Junk=. A hunch of bread-and-cheese, &c.; a lump of wood or coal. A

+solid piece (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Junket=. A treat or spree; still in use. When potatoes were not so

+common as now, a man would complain of his wife's 'junketing wi' the

+taters,' i.e. digging them up before they were ripe, as a treat for

+the children.--N.W.

+

+=Just about=. Extremely. See ~About~ (1).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Jut=. To nudge, to touch (S.).--N.W.

+

+

+=K=. _K_ sometimes becomes _t_, as _bleat_, bleak; _blunt_, blunk.

+Conversely, _t_ becomes _k_, as _sleek_, sleet.

+

+=Keach=, &c. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keavin=. See ~Cave~ (1).

+

+=Keck=. To retch as if sick (A.); to cough; also ~Cack~.--N.W.

+

+=Kecker=. The windpipe (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kecks=. Dry stalks of hemlock (A.B.). Hemlock must here be taken

+to mean several of the larger _Umbelliferae_, and to include

+occasionally growing plants as well as dry stems. There are many

+variants of the word, as ~Keeks~ (A.), ~Kecksey~ (A.B.), ~Gix~

+(A.B.H.Wr.), ~Gicksies~ (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii), ~Gicks~ (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Keep=, =Kip=. Growing food for cattle, &c. (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kerf=. A layer of turf or hay (A.B.C.). A truss of hay.--N.W.

+

+=Ketch=. See ~Catch~ (1).

+

+=Keys, or Keyn=. Fruit of ash and sycamore (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Kibble=. *(1) To chip a stone roughly into shape (A.). Cf. Glouc.

+_cabble_, to break smelted pig-iron into small pieces, before

+proceeding to draw it into bar-iron. *(2) To cut up firewood (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 210).--Obsolete.

+

+=Kid=. (1) _n._ The cod or pod of peas, beans, &c.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To form pods; used of peas and beans. _Well-kidded_, of beans or

+peas, having the stalks full of pods (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kidney-stones=. Dark water-worn pebbles (_Eulogy_, p. 28).--N.W.

+

+='Kin=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.

+

+=Kind=. Some woods and soils 'work kind,' i.e. easily,

+pleasantly.--N.W.

+

+=King's-cushion=. See ~Queen's-cushion~.

+

+=Kiss-behind-the-garden-gate=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London

+Pride.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Kissing-gate=. A 'Cuckoo-gate,' or swing gate in a V-shaped

+enclosure.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur Valerian.--N.W.

+

+*=Kite's Pan=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted Orchis.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Kitty Candlestick=. _Ignis fatuus_, Will-o'-the-Wisp. ~Kit of the

+Candlestick~ (Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 17, ed. Brit.).--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Kiver=. A cooler used in brewing (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Knacker=. To snap the fingers. Nacker (H.Wr.)--S.W.

+

+=Knap=, =Knop=. (1) _v._ To chip stone, as formerly in making a

+gun-flint.--N.W. (2) _n._ A little hill; a steep ascent in a road

+(S.). This is really a Devon use.--S.W. (Dorset bord.)

+

+=Knee-sick=. Of wheat, drooping at the joints, from weakness in the

+straw (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Knee-socked=. Corn beaten down by storms is 'knee-socked

+down.'--N.W. See ~Knee-sick~.

+

+=Knit=. Of fruit, to set. 'The gooseberries be knitted

+a'ready.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Knitch=, =Nitch=, =Niche=, &c. Usually spelt incorrectly, without

+the _k_. M.E. _knucche_, Germ. _knocke_: used by Wycliffe, also in

+_Alton Locke_, ch. xxviii. (1) _Nitch_, a burden of wood, straw, or

+hay (A.B.), such a faggot as a hedger or woodman may carry home with

+him at night; a short thick heavy chump of wood (_Village Miners_).

+Hence a fine baby is spoken of as 'a regular nitch' (_Ibid._). A

+bundle of gleaned corn (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) 'He has got a nitch,' is

+intoxicated, has had as much liquor as he can carry (A.B.). Compare:--

+

+    'He's got his market-nitch.'--_Tess of the D'Urbervilles_, vol.

+    i. p. 19.

+

+=Knot Couch=. _Avena elatior_, so called from the roots sometimes

+looking like a much-knotted cord or a string of beads.--N.W.

+

+=Koomb=. See ~Comb~ (S.).

+

+

+=Ladies-and-Gentlemen=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint. Leades an

+Genlmin (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Ladies'-balls=. _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Ladies'-fingers-and-thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Ladies-in-white=. _Saxifraga umbrosa_, L., London Pride.

+

+=Lady-cow=. The Ladybird.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-cushion=. _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Salisbury.)

+

+=Lady's-finger=. (1) Applied generally to _Lotus corniculatus_

+and _Hippocrepis comosa_, and occasionally also to _Lathyrus

+pratensis_. 'Leades vingers, the wild Calceolaria' (S.), probably

+refers to one of these flowers.--N. & S.W. (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin): N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lady's-glove=. 'The Greater Bird's-foot.'--S.W.

+

+=Lady's-nightcap=. The flower of _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed (A.B.).

+

+=Lady's-petticoat=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+=Lady's-ruffles=. The double white Narcissus.--N.W.

+

+=Lady's-shoe=. _Fumaria officinalis_, L., Common Fumitory.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lady's-slipper=. Applied generally to the same plants as

+Lady's-finger.

+

+*=Lain=. Of a smith, to dress the wing and point of a share (D.). See

+~Lay~ (4).

+

+=Laiter=, =Loiter=. A full laying or clutch of eggs. The whole number

+of eggs produced by a hen at one laying, before she gets broody and

+ceases to lay.--N.W.

+

+=Lake=. A small stream of running water.--S.W. (Hants bord.)

+

+=Lambkins=. Catkins of hazel.--S.W. (Barford St. Martin.)

+

+=Lamb's-cage=. A crib for foddering sheep in fold (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-creep=. A hole in the hurdles to enable the lambs to get out

+of the fold.--N.W.

+

+=Lamb's-tails=. Catkins of willow and hazel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Land=. The 'rudge,' or ground between two water-furrows in a

+ploughed field.--N.W.

+

+    'The ploughman walks in the furrow his share has made,

+    and presently stops to measure the "lands" with the

+    spud.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. vii. pp. 130-1.

+

+*=Landshard=. The strip of greensward dividing two pieces of arable

+in a common field (D.).

+

+=Land-spring=. A spring which only runs in wet weather (_Gamekeeper

+at Home_, ch. v. p. 109).--N.W.

+

+=Lane= (_a_ broad). A strip of grass, generally irregular, bounding

+an arable field.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+*=Lannock=. A long narrow piece of land (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Lanshet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+*=Lark's-seed=. _Plantago major_, L., Greater Plantain.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+*=Latter Lammas=. An unpunctual person (S.)--S.W.

+

+    'When a person is habitually late and unpunctual, folks

+    say--"What a Latter Lammas thee beest, ta be sure!"'--_Letter

+    from Mr. Slow._

+

+=Lattermath=. Aftermath (A.B.). ~Lattermass~ at Cherhill.--N.W.

+

+=Lave=. (1) Of a candle, to gutter down (H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) To splash

+up water over yourself, as in a bath. 'Lave it well over ye.'--N.W.

+

+=Law=. In N. Wilts, when speaking of relations-in-law, the _in_

+is always omitted, as ~brother-law~, ~father-law~, &c., the only

+exception being ~son-in-law~.

+

+=Lay=. (1) _To lay a hedge_, to trim it back, cutting the boughs

+half through, and then bending them down and intertwining them so

+as to strengthen the fence (A.).--N. & S.W. (2) _To lay rough_, to

+sleep about under hedges like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _To lay up a

+field_, to reserve it for mowing.--S.W. (4) _To lay a tool_, to steel

+its edge afresh. This appears to be the same as Davis's _lain_, which

+is probably a contraction of _lay in_. At Mildenhall you often hear

+of _laying_ or _laying in_ a pickaxe, and the word is to be traced

+back for a century or more in the parish accounts there.--N. & S.W.

+(5) An idle dissipated man is said to _lay about_.--N.W.

+

+=Laylocks=. Usually _Syringa vulgaris_, L., Lilac, but rarely applied

+to _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock, in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Lay-over=. A wooden bar, or a rope, used to fasten tackle together.

+

+    'Two or three horses go abreast, each drawing a harrow

+    diagonally, all the harrows being fastened together with a

+    lay-over or rider.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. v.

+

+=Leach=. A strand of a rope.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lear=, =Leer=. (1) Empty (A.B.C.G.).--N. & S.W. (2) Hence, craving

+for food, hungry (A.C.S.).--N. & S.W. ~Leary~ is the usual form on

+the Som. bord.

+

+    'I never eat but two meals a day--breakfast and supper ... and

+    I'm rather lear (hungry) at supper.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 97.

+

+=Learn=. To teach. 'I'll learn 'ee to do that again, you young

+vaggot!' 'Her do want some 'un to learn she, 'stead o' she learnin'

+we!' In general use in Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=, =Leaze=, &c.: sometimes used with a prefix, as ~Cow-leaze~,

+~Ox-leaze~. (1) As much pasture as will keep a cow (B.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) A large open pasture. ~Legh~, ~Lease~ (Aubrey); ~Leaze~ (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease=. To glean (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lease-bread=. Bread made from lease-corn.--N.W.

+

+=Lease-corn=. Wheat collected by gleaning.--N.W.

+

+=Leaser=. A gleaner.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ledged=. See ~Lodged~.

+

+=Lemfeg=. An Elleme fig (A.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A cure-peg, a curry-peg,

+    A lem-feg, a dough-feg.'--_Wilts Nursery Jingle._

+

+*=Length=, =Lent=. A loan (A.B.). *~Lenth~ (S.).

+

+=Let-off=. To abuse.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+    'Maester let I off at a vine rate.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xxii. p. 111.

+

+=Lew= (pronounced _Loo_). (1) _adj._ Warm (H.).--N. & S.W. (2) _n._

+Shelter (A.B.C.S.). 'Get in the lew,' i.e. into a place sheltered

+from the wind. A.S. _hleo_, _hleow_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lewis's Cat=. A person suspected of incendiary habits. Many years

+ago fires are said to have occurred so frequently on the premises

+of a person of this name (whose _cat_ sometimes had the blame of

+starting them), that the phrase passed into common use, and a

+suspected man soon 'got the name of a Lewis's Cat,' now corrupted

+into 'Blue Cat.'--S.W.

+

+=Lewth=. Warmth (A.B.C.). Usually restricted to the sun's warmth, but

+in _Cunnington MS._ applied to a thin coat, which 'has no lewth in

+it.'--N.W.

+

+=Lew-warm=. Luke-warm.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Libbet=. A fragment (S.). 'All in a libbet,' or 'All in libbets and

+jibbets,' torn to rags.--N. & S.W. Also ~Lippet~.

+

+*=Liberty=. _v._ To allow anything to run loose. 'It don't matter

+how much it's libertied,' the more freedom you can give it the

+better.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Licket=. 'All to a licket,' all to pieces.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Lide=. The month of March (A.). A.S. _hlyda_, _hlydamonath_, the

+stormy month, from _hlud_, boisterous, noisy (so Grein). This has

+nothing to do with _lide_ or _lithe_, mild, whence come the A.S.

+names for June and July. See _N. & Q._ Feb. 6, 1892.

+

+=Lieton=. See ~Litton~.

+

+=Lill=. To pant as a dog (A.B.H.).--N.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great

+Bindweed.--S.W. (Farley and Charlton.) (2) _Arum maculatum_, L.,

+Cuckoo-pint.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Limb=, =Limm=. (1) _n._ A ragged tear (_Village Miners_).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To tear irregularly, to jag out (_Ibid._).--N.W.

+

+=Limbers=. The shafts of a waggon (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Linch=, =Linchet=, =Lynch=, =Lanshet= (N.W.), =Lytchet= (S.W.),

+=Linchard=, &c. (S.). A.S. _hlinc_, a bank. For articles on Lynchet,

+Linchet, or Linch, see _Wilts Arch. Mag._ xii. 185, and xv. 88. Also

+articles and letters in _Marlborough College Natural History Report_

+and _Marlborough Times_, 1892, Seebohm's _Village Community_, and

+Britten's _Old Country Words_. In an old MS. schedule of land at

+Huish, N.W., '_Lanshes and borders_,' i.e. turf boundary banks and

+field margins, are enumerated. (1) Certain terraces, a few yards

+wide, on the escarpment of the downs, probably the remains of ancient

+cultivation, are locally known as ~Lynches~ or ~Lynchets~.--N. &

+S.W. (2) The very narrow ledges, running in regular lines along the

+steep face of a down, probably made by sheep feeding there, are

+also frequently so called.--S.W. (3) A raised turf bank dividing or

+bounding a field.--S.W. (4) A strip of greensward dividing two pieces

+of arable land in a common field (D.).--N. & S.W. (5) An inland

+cliff, cf. 'The Hawk's Lynch' (_Tom Brown at Oxford_); occasionally

+applied to a steep slope or escarpment, as at Bowood and Warminster.

+

+*=Linchard= A precipitous strip of land on a hillside, left

+unploughed (_Spring-tide_, pp. 79 and 186). See ~Linch~. Cf. A.S.

+_hlinc_, a bank; and perhaps _sceard_, a piece or portion (Skeat).

+

+*=Lined=. Of an animal, having a white back (D.).

+

+=Linet=. Tinder (H.Wr.). Tinder was made of linen.--N.W., not long

+obsolete.

+

+*=Lipe=. A pleat or fold in cloth.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Lipping=. Of weather, showery, wet, and stormy. 'I thenks as we

+shall have a ter'ble lipping summer to-year.' Cf. Lipping-time, a wet

+season, Glouc., and _Lippen'_, showery, Som.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Litten=, =Litton=. A churchyard. Lieton (H.Wr.) ~Chirche-litoun~

+(_Chron. Vilod._). Still used in Hants, but probably now obsolete in

+Wilts (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxv. p. 129).

+

+    'His next bed will be in the Litten, if he be laying on the

+    ground on such a night as this.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 161.

+

+*=Liver-sand=. See quotation.

+

+    'Sand-veins ... which are deep and tough, and are of the nature

+    called in Wilts "liver-sand."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+=Lob=. Of leaves, to droop limply, as cabbages do before rain.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lock=. 'A lock of hay,' a small quantity of hay (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Locks-and-Keys=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, D.C. The usual cottagers'

+name for it in Somerset.--S.W. (Som. bord.).

+

+=Locky=. Of hay which has not been properly shaken about, stuck

+together in locks as it was cut.--N.W.

+

+=Lodged=. Of wheat, laid or beaten down by wind or rain (D.).--N. &

+S.W. Also ~Ledged~ (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).

+

+=Log=. See ~Lug~ (1).

+

+=Loggered=. A boy who is at plough all day often gets so _loggered_,

+or weighed down with _loggers_, all the time, that he comes home at

+night quite exhausted.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Loggers=. Lumps of dirt on a ploughboy's feet.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) In Glouc. a 'logger' is a small log attached to a horse's

+foot, to prevent straying.

+

+=Loggerums=. (1) _Centaurea nigra_, L., Black Knapweed.--N.W. *(2)

+'Scabious' (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Loiter=. See ~Laiter~.

+

+=Lolloper=. A lazy lout (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Lollup=. (1) To loll out. 'Look at _he_, wi' he's tongue a lolluping

+out o' he's mouth, vor aal the world like a dog!'--N.W. (2) To loll

+about, to idle about. 'What be a-lollupin' about like that vor?'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Long Eliza=. A kind of long blue earthen jar, formerly often seen

+in cottages.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+    'The high black chimney-shelf was covered with crockery of

+    a low type of beauty; pink and yellow china dogs shared

+    their elevated station with "long Elizas" and squat female

+    figures.'--_Dark_, ch. i.

+

+=Longful=. Tedious (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Long purples=. _Lythrum Salicaria_, L., Purple Loosestrife. Rarely

+used. Tennyson's 'long purples of the dale' have been identified by

+himself as _Vicia Cracca_; Shakespeare's are either _Orchis mascula_,

+or _Arum maculatum_, while Clare applies the name to _Lythrum_.

+

+=Long-winded=. 'A long-winded man' always means one who is very slow

+to pay his debts.--N.W.

+

+=Long wood=. The long branches which are bent down and used to weave

+in and bind a hedge when it is being laid.--N.W.

+

+=Lope along=. To run as a hare does.--S.W.

+

+=Loppet=. (1) _v._ The same as ~Lope~. (2) _v._ To idle about, to

+slouch about. 'A girt veller, allus a loppetin' about.'--N.W. Cf.

+~Sloppet~.

+

+=Loppetty=. Weak, out of sorts.--N.W.

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint (A.B.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Lot=. To reckon, expect, think. 'I do lot her's a bad 'un.'--N.W.

+

+=Lot-meads=. (1) Common meadows divided into equal-sized pieces, for

+the hay of which lots were cast each year (D.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '"Lot Mead" is not an uncommon name of fields in Wiltshire

+    parishes. It is perhaps a vestige of the original partition

+    of lands when cleared, which the chronicler Simeon of Durham

+    says were distributed by lot. See Kemble's _Anglo-Saxons_, i.

+    91.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, note, p. 198.

+

+(2) A kind of festival in connexion with this division.

+

+    'Here [at Wanborough] is a Lott-mead celebrated yearly with

+    great ceremony. The Lord weareth a garland of flowers: the

+    mowers at one house have always a pound of beefe and a head of

+    garlic every man.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 198.

+

+Nothing more appears to be known about this festival.--N.W.

+(Wanborough), obsolete.

+

+*=Lottle=. _v._ To sound as water trickling in a small stream. Cf.

+~Glox~.--N.W.

+

+=Love-an'-idols=, or =Loving Idols=. _Viola tricolor_, L.,

+Love-in-idleness, usually the wild form, but occasionally applied to

+the garden pansy also. ~Nuffin-idols~ at Clyffe Pypard. ~Lovenidolds~

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Loving-andrews=. _Geranium pratense_, L., Meadow Cranesbill

+(_Village Miners_).

+

+*=Lowl-eared=. Long-eared (A.B.H.Wr.).

+

+=Luce=. (1) Luke-warm.--S.W. *(2) A sore in sheep.--S.W.

+

+=Lug=. (1) In land measure, a pole or perch (A.B.G.H.S.). ~Log~ (_MS.

+Gough_: K.Wr.)--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A lug ... is of three lengths in this county: 15, 18, and

+    16-1/2 feet. The first of these measures is getting out of

+    use, but is still retained in some places, particularly in

+    increasing mason's work. The second is the ancient forest

+    measure, and is still used in many parts of the county for

+    measuring wood-land. But the last, which is the statute perch,

+    is by much the more general.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 268.

+

+(2) Any rod or pole (D.H.), as a perch for fowls, a clothes pole

+(A.B.). See ~Oven-lug~.

+

+    'Olde Freeman doe weare ruggs [coarse cloth],

+    And Thomas Lord doe goe to the woods to steal poles and luggs.'

+

+         Seventeenth century doggrell rhymes from Wroughton,

+             quoted in _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 216.

+

+=Lug-wood=. Lops and tops of trees.--S.W.

+

+=Lummakin=. Heavy, ungainly, clumsy (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Lumper=. To move heavily, to stumble along. Of a pony, to stumble.

+To kick against anything (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, Pewsey, &c.)

+

+=Lumpus=. (1) Noise, row. 'Don't 'ee make such a lumpus.'--N.W. (2)

+All in a lump, heavily, as applied to a fall. 'Th'oss didn't vall

+down, but a come down wi' a kind of a lumpus.'--N.W.

+

+=Lump work=. Piece work.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Lumpy=. Stout and strong. To say to any one, 'Why, ye be growed main

+lumpy!' is to pay him a high compliment.--N.W.

+

+=Lurry=. Of cows, suffering from looseness.--N.W.

+

+=Lynchet=, =Lytchet=. See ~Linch~.

+

+    'Another British coin, found on the "lytchets" at East Dean,

+    has passed into the cabinet of Dr. Blackmore.'--_Wilts Arch.

+    Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 242.

+

+

+=Maakin=. See ~Malkin~.

+

+=Mace=. See Note to quotation.

+

+    'This is a style still used by the lower classes in North

+    Wiltshire to tradesmen and sons of farmers. Thus at Ogbourne

+    St. George, a brickmaker whose name is Davis, is called "Mace

+    Davis," and sons of farmers are called "Mace John," or "Mace

+    Thomas," the surname being sometimes added and sometimes

+    not.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 338.

+

+This seems a misapprehension. The word used is simply _Mais'_

+(before a consonant), a shortened form of 'Maister.' 'Mais' John'

+is short for Maister John. Before a vowel it would be _Mais'r_ or

+_Maistr'_--as 'Maistr' Etherd' [Edward].--N.W.

+

+    '_Mas_ was formerly a common contraction for _master_, e.g.

+    "Mas John," and is used by Ben Jonson and other Elizabethan

+    writers. See Nares, s.v. _Mas_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mad=. Of land, spoilt, damaged, as by sudden heat after much rain

+(Lisle's _Husbandry_).--Obsolete.

+

+=Madde=. *(1) _Asperula odorata_, L., Sweet Woodruff.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.) (2) _Anthemis Cotula_, L., Stinking Camomile.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Madell= (_a_ broad), =Medal=, &c. The game of 'Merrills' or 'Nine

+Men's Morris.' Also known as ~Puzzle-Pound~. Several varieties of

+~Madell~ are played in Wilts, known respectively as ~Eleven-penny~

+(strictly ~The Merrills~), ~Nine-penny~, ~Six-penny~, and

+~Three-penny~, according to the number of pieces used. 'Eleven-penny'

+is played with eleven pieces each side, instead of nine, the

+game being in other respects identical with 'Nine Men's Morris'

+as described in Strutt's _Sports and Pastimes_. The players move

+alternately, and the general principle is to get three pieces

+together in a line anywhere on the dots or holes, while at the same

+time preventing your adversary from making a line. 'Nine-penny,'

+'Six-penny,' and 'Three-penny' differ only in the number of men

+each side and the form of the board (_see diagrams_). The 'board' is

+scratched or chalked out on paving-stones, drawn on the slate, cut

+deep into the turf on the downs, or the top of the corn-bin (with

+holes instead of dots), in short, made anywhere and anyhow. The 'men'

+or 'pieces' may be anything available, sticks being played against

+stones, beans against oats, &c.--N.W. (Devizes, &c.)

+

+[Illustration: Nine Men's Morris, or Eleven-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Nine-penny Madell, or The Merrills.]

+

+[Illustration: Six-penny Madell.]

+

+[Illustration: Three-penny Madell.]

+

+=Maggots=. _n._ Tricks, nonsense. 'Her's at her maggots again.'--N.W.

+

+*=Maggotting=. Meddling (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Maggotty=. _adj._ Frisky, playful (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Picus caudatus_, the Magpie (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f.

+2), still in use.--N.W.

+

+*=Maiden's Honesty=. _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy. See

+~Honesty~.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'All the hedges about Thickwood (in the parish Colerne) are ...

+    hung with maydens honesty.'--AUBREY'S _Wilts_, Royal Soc. MS.

+    p. 120.

+

+=Main=. (1) _adv._ Very, as 'main good,' excellent (A.B.).--N.& S.W.

+(2) _adj._ 'A main sight o' frawk,' a great number (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mais'=. See ~Mace~.

+

+=Make=. 'That makes me out,' puzzles me (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Malkin=. See ~Mawkin~.

+

+*=Mammered=. Perplexed (A.).

+

+*=Mammock=. _v._ To pull to pieces (_Leisure Hour_, August,

+1893).--N.W. (Castle Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'He did so set his teeth and tear it; O, I warrant, how he

+    mammocked it!'--SHAKESPEARE, _Coriolanus_, i. 3.

+

+*=Mander=. To order about in a worrying dictatorial fashion (S.).

+'Measter do mander I about so.'--S.W.

+

+=Mandy= (long _a_). (1) Frolicsome, saucy, impudent (A.B.C.): now

+only used by very old people.--N.W. *(2) Showy (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Mar=. See ~More~.

+

+=Marlbro'-handed=. People who used their tools awkwardly were

+formerly called '_Marlbro'-handed vawk_,' natives of Marlborough

+being traditionally famed for clumsiness and unhandiness.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Marley=. Streaky, marbled; applied to fat beef, or bacon from a fat

+pig, where the fat seems to streak and grain the lean.--N.W.

+

+=Martin=, =Free-martin=. A calf of doubtful sex.--N.W. An animal with

+an ox-like head and neck, which never breeds, but is excellent for

+fatting purposes. It is commonly supposed that a female calf born

+twin with a male is always a free-martin. Recent investigations,

+however, have proved that though the external organs of a free-martin

+may be female the internal are in all cases male. The rule laid

+down by Geddes and Thomson is that twin calves are always normal

+when of opposite sex or both female; but that if both are male one

+is invariably thus abnormal (_Evolution of Sex_, ch. iii. p. 39).

+Compare Scotch _ferow_ or _ferry cow_, a cow not in calf, and _mart_,

+an ox; also A.S. _fear_, a bullock (_Folk-Etymology_).

+

+=Masked=. See ~A-masked~.

+

+=Mathern=, =Mauthern=. *(1) _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye

+Daisy (A.D.H.Wr.).--N.W. (2) Wild Camomile (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+*=Maudlin=. The Ox-eye Daisy (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Mawk= (pronounced _Maak_). To clean out the oven with the 'maakin,'

+before putting in the batch of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Mawkin=, =Malkin=, =Maak=, or =Maakin=, (1) An oven-swab with which

+the charcoal sticks are swept out of the oven, before putting in the

+batch (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The malkin, being wetted, cleaned out the ashes ... malkin

+    [is] a bunch of rags on the end of a stick.'--_Great Estate_,

+    ch. viii.

+

+(2) Also used as a term of reproach.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee looks like a girt maakin.'--_Great Estate_, ch. viii.

+

+*=May-beetle=, The cockchafer (A.B.).

+

+*=May-blobs=, =May-blubs=, or =May-bubbles=, Flowers and buds of

+_Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+=Mazzard=, *(1) A small kind of cherry (_English Plant Names_).

+~Merry~ is the usual Wilts name, _Mazzard_ being Dev. and Som. (2)

+The head (A.), but only in such threats as:--

+

+    'I'll break thee mazzard vor thee!'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 31.

+

+Ben Jonson has _mazzarded_, broken-headed.--N.W.

+

+*=Meadow-soot=, _Spiraea Ulmaria_, L., Meadow-sweet (_Great Estate_,

+ch. ii). _Sote_, or _soot_=sweet.--N.W.

+

+*=Mealy=, Mild and damp. ''Twar a oncommon mealy marnin'.'--N.W.

+(Bratton.)

+

+=Measle-flower=, The garden Marigold, the dried flowers having some

+local reputation as a remedy. Children, however, have an idea that

+they may catch the complaint from handling the plant.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Med=, See ~Mid~.

+

+=Meg=, =Meggy=. (1) In the game of ~Must~, q.v., a small

+stone--called a 'meg' or 'meggy'--is placed on the top of a large

+one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,' of which each player has

+one.--N. & S.W. *(2) ~Maig.~ A peg (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mere=. A boundary line or bank of turf.--N. & S.W. A turf boundary

+between the downs on adjoining farms: formed by cutting two thick

+turves, one smaller than the other, and placing them, upside down,

+with the smaller one on top, at intervals of about a chain along the

+boundary line.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+    'The strips [in a "common field"] are marked off from one

+    another, not by hedge or wall, but by a simple grass path, a

+    foot or so wide, which they call "balks" or "meres."'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ xvii. 294.

+

+    'Two acres of arable, of large measure, in Pen field, lying

+    together and bounded by meres on both sides.'--_Hilmarton

+    Parish Terrier_, dated 1704.

+

+=Mere-stone=. A boundary stone (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii).--N.W.

+

+=Merry=. The cherry; applied to both black and red varieties, but

+especially the small semi-wild fruit.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Merry-flower=. The wild Cherry.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Mesh= (_e_ long). Moss or lichen on an old apple-tree.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Messenger=. (1) A sunbeam reaching down to the horizon from behind a

+cloud is sometimes said to be the sun 'sending out a messenger.' Cf.

+Cope's _Hants Glossary_. Used by children in both N. & S. Wilts. (2)

+_pl._ The small detached clouds that precede a storm (_Greene Ferne

+Farm_, ch. vi).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mice's-mouths=. _Linaria vulgaris_, Mill., Snapdragon.--S.W.

+(Farley.)

+

+=Michaelmas Crocus=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron.--N.W.

+

+=Mickle=. Much (A.S.). A.S. _micel_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Mid=, =Med=. _v._ Might or may (S.).--N.W.

+

+=Middling=. (1) Ailing in health (H.); ~Middlinish~ (_Wilts Tales_,

+p. 137).--N. & S.W. (2) Tolerable, as 'a middlin' good crop.'

+~Middlekin~ is occasionally used in S. Wilts in this sense.--N. &

+S.W. 'Very middling' (with a shake of the head), bad, or ill; 'pretty

+middling' (with a nod), good, or well (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 112).

+

+*=Midstay=. The barn-floor between the mows.--N.W. (Aldbourne.)

+Compare _Middlestead_, a threshing-floor: _East of England_; also

+

+    'The old and one-eyed cart-horse dun

+    The middenstead went hobbling round,

+    Blowing the light straw from the ground.'

+

+                      W. MORRIS, _The Land East of the Sun_.

+

+=Midsummer men=. _Sedum Fabaria_, Koch., a variety of the red

+Orpine.--N.W. occasionally; S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Mild=. Of stone or wood, easily worked (_Great Estate_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+*=Milk-flower=. _Lychnis vespertina_, Sibth., Evening Campion.--S.W.

+(Charlton All Saints.)

+

+=Milkmaids=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. In common

+use in Hill Deverill and Longbridge Deverill, also at Farley and

+Hamptworth.--S.W.

+

+=Milkwort=. _Euphorbia Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mill=. To clean clover-seed from the husk (D.). ~Milled Hop~

+(D.).--N.W.

+

+=Miller=, =Millard=, =Mallard=, or =Dusty Miller=. A large white moth

+(A.S.); generally extended to any large night-flying species.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Mill-peck=. A kind of hammer with two chisel-heads, used for

+deepening the grooves of the millstone (_Great Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+*=Mill-staff=. A flat piece of wood, rubbed with ruddle, by which

+the accuracy of the work done by the mill-peck may be tested (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ix).

+

+=Mind=. (1) To remind. 'That minds I o' Lunnon, it do.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) To remember. 'I minds I wur just about bad then.'--N. & S.W. (3)

+'To be a mind to anything,' to be inclined to do it.--N.W.

+

+=Minding=. A reminder. After a severe illness you are apt to have

+'the mindings on't' now and again.--N.W.

+

+=Minnies=. Small fry of all kinds of fish.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mint=. A cheese-mite (A.). The older form of _mite_ (Skeat).--N.W.

+

+=Minty=. Of cheese, full of mites (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Mist-pond=. A pond on the downs, not fed by any spring, but kept up

+by mist, dew, and rain. Such ponds rarely fail, even in the longest

+drought. More commonly called ~Dew-ponds~.--S.W. (Broadchalke, &c.)

+

+=Mixen=, =Muxen=. A dungheap (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mix-muddle=. One who muddles things imbecilely (_Village

+Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Miz-maze=. Puzzle, perplexity, confusion.--S.W.

+

+=Miz-mazed=. Thoroughly puzzled, stupefied. Stunned (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Mizzy-mazey=. Confused. Used of print swimming before the eyes.--S.W.

+

+=Moile=. Dirt, mud. ~Mwoile~ (A.). 'Aal in a mwoile.'--N.W.

+

+=Moll*'ern=, =Molly Heron=. The Heron (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Mommick=, =Mommet=. A scarecrow. Cf. ~Mummock~.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Money-in-both-pockets=. _Lunaria biennis_, L., Honesty, from

+the seeds showing on both sides of the dissepiment through the

+transparent pod.

+

+=Monkey-musk=. The large garden varieties of _Mimulus_, which

+resemble the true musk, but are scentless, and therefore merely

+_monkey_ (i.e. mock, spurious) musk.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Monkey Nut=. _Poa annua_, L., Meadow Grass; eaten by boys for its

+nut-like flavour.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Monkey-plant=. Garden _Mimulus_ (_Wild Life_, ch. viii).--N.W.

+

+=Mooch=. See ~Mouch~.

+

+=Moocher=. See ~Moucher~.

+

+=Moochers=. Fruit of _Rubus fruticosus_, L., Blackberry (S.). Cf.

+~Berry-moucher~ (2).--S.W.

+

+=Moon-daisy=. _Chrysanthemum leucanthemum_, L., Ox-eye Daisy (_Great

+Estate_, ch. ii). A very general name, especially in N. Wilts. The

+flowers are sometimes called ~Moons~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moonied up=. Coddled and spoilt by injudicious bringing up. 'Gells

+as be moonied up bean't never no good.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moots=. Roots of trees left in the ground (A.). See ~Stowls~.--E.W.

+

+=Mop=. (1) A Statute Fair for hiring servants (A.B.); also used in

+Glouc. (_Wilts Tales_, p. 33).--N.W. (2) A rough tuft of grass.

+

+=Moral=. A child is said to be the 'very moral,' or exact likeness,

+of its father. A form of 'model.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=More=, =Mar=, =Moir=. (1) An old root or stump of a tree.--N. &

+S.W. (2) A root of any plant (A.B.G.S.: Aubrey's _Wilts MS._), as

+'a strawberry more'; 'fern mars'; 'cowslip mars,' &c. (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. vii.) Occasionally ~Moir~ in N. Wilts, as in ~Crazy

+Moir~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moreish=. Appetizing, so good that you want more of it. 'Viggy

+pudden be oncommon moreish.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mort=. _n._ A quantity.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Her talks a mort too vine.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+    'I stuck up to her a mort o' Sundays.'--_Ibid._ ch. xv.

+

+=Most-in-deal=. Usually, generally (A.B.C.). 'Where do 'e bide now,

+Bill?' 'Most-in-deal at 'Vize [Devizes], but zometimes at Ziszeter

+[Cirencester].' ~Most-in-general~ is more commonly used now.--N.W.

+

+=Most-in-general=. Usually.--N.W.

+

+    'Most in gen'ral I catches sight of you when I goes by wi' the

+    horses, but you wasn't in the garden this afternoon.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. i.

+

+=Mote=, =Maute=. A morsel of anything, a very minute quantity.--S.W.,

+formerly.

+

+=Mother-of-thousands=. (1) _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L.--S.W. (2)

+_Linaria Cymbalaria_, Mill., Ivy-leaved Toadflax.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Mother Shimbles' Snick-needles=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Mothery=. Thick, muddy, as spoilt beer or vinegar (A.B.C.S.).--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Mouch=, =Mooch=. (1) _v._ To prowl about the woods and lanes,

+picking up such unconsidered trifles as nuts, watercresses,

+blackberries, ferns, and flower-roots, with an occasional turn at

+poaching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vii); to pilfer out-of-doors,

+as an armful of clover from the fresh-cut swathe (_Hodge and his

+Masters_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Probably connected with O.F. _mucer_, _muchier_, Fr. _musser_,

+    to hide, to lurk about. It always implies something done more

+    or less by stealth.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(2) _v._ To play the truant.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To be sulky or out

+of temper.--N. & S.W. (4) _n._ 'In a mouch,' in a bad temper. 'On the

+mouch,' gone off mouching.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moucher=, =Moocher=. (1) A truant (A.B.). See ~Berry-moucher~.--N.

+& S.W. (2) A man who lives by mouching (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+vii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Moulter=. Of birds, to moult.--N.W.

+

+=Mound=. (1) _n._ A hedge. In general use in N. Wilts.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To hedge in or enclose.--N.W.

+

+    'The Churchyard ... to be mounded partly by the manor, partly

+    by the parish and parsonage except only one gate to be

+    maintained by the vicar.'--1704, _Hilmarton Parish Terrier_.

+

+=Mouse=. The 'mouse' is a small oblong piece of muscle, under the

+blade-bone of a pig.--N.W.

+

+    'The chief muscles of the body were named from lively animals;

+    e.g. ... _mus_, mouse, the biceps muscle of the arm, and so

+    in A.S. and O.H.G. Cf. _musculus_, (1) a little mouse, (2) a

+    muscle.' (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 615, sub Calf.)--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Mousetails=. A kind of grass, perhaps Cats'-tail, but not

+_Myosorus_.--N.W.

+

+*=Moutch=. 'On the moutch,' shuffling (H.). Some meaning of ~Mouch~

+has probably here been misunderstood.

+

+=Mouthy=. _adj._ Abusive, cheeky, impudent.--S.W.

+

+=Mow=. In a barn, the unboarded space at each end of the

+threshing-floor, where the corn used to be heaped up for

+threshing.--N.W.

+

+*=Mowing-machine Bird=. _Salicaria locustella_, Grasshopper Warbler,

+from its peculiar note (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 154).--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Much=. (1) 'It's much if he do,' most likely he won't do it. 'It's

+much if he don't,' most likely he will.--N.W. (2) _v._ To make much

+of, to pet. 'Her do like muching,' i.e. being petted.--N.W.

+

+=Much-about=. Used intensively.--N.W.

+

+    'I was never one to go bellockin', though I've allus had

+    much-about raison to murmur.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+=Muck=. Dirt, mud, earth.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Mucker=. A miserly person (S.) Cf. ~Mouch~.--S.W.

+

+    'A fine old word, that I do not remember to have met with

+    in other counties. It=Old Eng. _mokerer_ (_Old English

+    Miscellany_, E. E. T. S. p. 214), a miser; Scot. _mochre_,

+    _mokre_, to hoard.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Muckle=. (1) _n._ Manure, long straw from the stable (_Agric. of

+Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (2) 'Muckle over,' to cover over tender

+plants with long straw in autumn, to protect them from frost.--N.W.

+

+=Muddle-fuss=. A persistent meddler with other people's

+affairs.--N.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+*=Mudel over=. The same as _Muckle over_, q.v. (_Agric. of Wilts_,

+ch. vii).

+

+=Mud-up=. (1) To pamper and spoil a child.--S.W. (Hants bord.) *(2)

+To bring up by hand (H.Wr.), as 'Mud the child up, dooke' (_Monthly

+Mag._, 1814).

+

+=Muggeroon=. A mushroom.--N.W.

+

+=Muggerum=. Part of the internal fat of a pig.--N.W.

+

+=Muggle=. (1) _n._ Confusion, muddle (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Here we be, ael in a muggle like.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+(2) To live in a muddling, haphazard way.--N.W. Cf.:--

+

+    'Most on us 'ad a precious sight rather work for a faermer

+    like the old measter, an' have our Saturday night reg'lar,

+    than go muggling the best way we could, an' take our

+    chance.'--_Jonathan Merle_, xxxvii. 412.

+

+=Muggle-pin=. The pin in the centre of a want-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Mullin=. The headstall of a cart-horse: sometimes extended to the

+headstall and blinkers of a carriage horse.--N.W.

+

+=Mullock=. A heap of rubbish (A.B.), now applied to mine refuse in

+Australia.

+

+=Mummock=. A shapeless confused mass. A clumsily-swaddled baby or

+badly-dressed woman would be 'aal in a mummock.'--N.W.

+

+=Mum up=. To make much of, pamper, pet, and spoil. 'A granny-bred

+child's allus a-mummed up.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Mun=. Used in addressing any person, as 'Doesn't thee knaw that,

+mun?' (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Must=. A game played by children: a small stone--'a meggy'--is

+placed on the top of a large one, and bowled at with other 'meggies,'

+of which each player has one.--N.W.

+

+=Muxen=. See ~Mixen~.

+

+

+=Nacker=. See ~Knacker~.

+

+=Nail-passer=. A gimlet (A.). Kennett has _Nailsin_ in a similar

+sense.--N.W.

+

+    '"Here's the kay" ... holding up a small gimlet. "Whoy, thuck

+    ben't a kay ... that's nothing but a nail-passer."'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 44.

+

+=Nails=. _Bellis perennis_, L., Daisy.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+=Naked Boys=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron, the flowers

+and leaves of which do not appear together (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist.

+Wilts_, p. 51, ed. Brit.). _Naked Lady_ in Cornw., Yks., &c., and

+_Naked Virgins_ in Chesh.--N. & S.W. (Huish, Stockton, &c.)

+

+*=Naked Nanny=. _Colchicum autumnale_, L., Meadow Saffron. See ~Naked

+Boys~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Nammet=. See ~Nummet~ (S.).

+

+='Nan=. What do you say? (A.B.C.). See ~Anan~.

+

+=Nanny-fodger=, or =Nunny-fudger=. (1) A meddlesome prying

+person.--S.W. (2) _Troglodytes vulgaris_, the Wren.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Narration=. Fuss, commotion. 'He do allus make such a narration

+about anythin'.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nash=, =Naish=, =Nesh=. (1) Tender, delicate, chilly

+(A.B.H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (2) Tender and juicy: applied to

+lettuces.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Nation=, =Nashun=, &c. Very, extremely, as _nation dark_

+(A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nation-grass=. _Aira caespitosa_, L., perhaps an abbreviation of

+Carnation-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Natomy=, =Notamy=, =Notamize=, &c. A very thin person or animal, an

+anatomy.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Naumpey=. A weak foolish-minded person.--N.W.

+

+*=Navigator=. A drain-maker's spade, with a stout narrow gouge-like

+blade (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi), more usually known as a ~Graft~.

+

+=Neal=, =Nealded=. See ~Anneal~.

+

+=Neck-headland=. 'To fall neck-headland,' i.e. headlong.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Neet=. See ~Nit~ (S.).

+

+=Neoust of a neoustness=. Nearly alike (A.). See ~Aneoust~.--N.W.

+

+=Nesh=. See ~Nash~.

+

+=Nessel-tripe=, =Nessel-trip=, =Nussel-trip=. The smallest and

+weakest pig in a litter. Commonly used in the Deverills, and

+elsewhere.--S.W.

+

+=Nettle-creeper=. Applied generally in Wilts to the following

+three birds:--(1) _Curruca cinerea_, Common Whitethroat, (2) _C.

+sylvatica_, Lesser Whitethroat, and (3) _C. hortensis_, Garden

+Warbler (_Birds of Wilts_, pp. 159-161).--N.W.

+

+=Neust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Neust alike=. Nearly alike.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Neust of a neustness=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+*=Never-the-near=. To no purpose, uselessly. 'I cwourted she ten

+year, but there, 'twer aal niver-the-near.'--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Next akin to nothing=. Very little indeed. 'There's next akin to

+nothen left in the barrel.'--N.W.

+

+=Nibs=. The handles of a scythe (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Niche=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nightcaps=. (1) _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., the garden Columbine.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Night-fall=. _n._ A disease in horses. A humour in the fetlock

+joint, recurring until it produces incurable lameness.--S.W.

+

+    'Witness ... told him his animal was very lame, and asked

+    what was the matter with it. He replied, "Nothing, it is

+    only 'night-fall,' and it comes on several times during the

+    year."'--_Wilts County Mirror_, Oct. 27, 1893.

+

+=Nightingale=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--S.W.

+(Hants bord.)

+

+*=Night Violet=. _Habenaria chlorantha_, Bab., Greater Butterfly

+Orchis (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--N.W. (Lyneham.)

+

+=Nine-holes=. A game played by children.--N.W.

+

+    'This is mentioned among the "illegal games" in the Castle

+    Combe records.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p. 156.

+

+    '1576. _Lusum illicitum vocatum_ nyne holes.'--SCROPE'S

+    _History of Castle Combe_.

+

+=Nineter=. (1) 'A nineter young rascal,' a regular scamp. Not

+perverted from _anoint_ (as if it meant set apart to evil courses and

+an evil end), but from Fr. _anoiente_, _aneanti_, brought to nothing,

+worthless (_Folk-Etymology_, p. 9).--N.W. (Seend.) *(2) A skinflint

+(S.).

+

+=Ninny-hammer=. A fool, a silly person.--N.W.

+

+='Nint=. See ~Anoint~.

+

+='Ninting= (_i_ long). A beating. See ~Anoint~.--N.W.

+

+=Nipper=. A small boy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nippers=. The same as ~Grab-hook~.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Nippy=. Stingy (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nistn't=. Need not.--N.W.

+

+    'Thee nistn't hoopy at I--I can hyar as well as thee.'--_Greene

+    Ferne Farm_, ch. iii.

+

+=Nit, Neet=. Nor yet. Wrongly defined by Akerman, Slow, and others as

+_not yet_. 'I han't got no money nit no vittles.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Nitch=. See ~Knitch~.

+

+=Nog=. A rough block or small log of wood.--N.W.

+

+=Nog-head=. A blockhead (S.). ~Nug-head~ in W. Somerset.--S.W.

+

+=Nolens volens=. Used in N. Wilts in various corrupted forms, as

+'I be gwain, nolus-bolus,' in any case; 'vorus-norus,' rough,

+blustering; and 'snorus-vorus,' vehemently.

+

+=Noodle along=. To lounge aimlessly along, to move drowsily and

+heavily, as a very spiritless horse.--N.W.

+

+=*Noon-naw=. A stupid fellow, a 'know-naught' (_Great Estate_, ch.

+iv).

+

+=Nor, Nur=. Than; as 'better nur that' (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. A cow without horns (A.). A.S. _hnot_, clipped, shorn.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Noust=. See ~Aneoust~.

+

+=Nummet=. The 'noon-meat' or noon-day meal (A.). ~Nammet~ in S.

+Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Numpinole=. The Pimpernel.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Nuncheon, Nunchin=. The noon-meal (A.S.). ~Nunch~ (_Wilts Tales_, p.

+117).--N.W.

+

+=Nunchin-bag=. The little bag in which ploughmen carry their meals

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Nunny-fudging=. Nonsense. 'That's all nunny-fudgen.'--N.W., now

+nearly obsolete.

+

+=Nunny-fudgy=. 'A nunny-fudgy chap,' a poor sort of a fellow with no

+go in him: now used only by old people.--N.W.

+

+=Nur=. See ~Nor~.

+

+=*Nurk=. The worst pig of a litter. See ~Rinnick~.--N.W.

+

+=Nurly=. Of soil: lying in lumps.--S.W. (Bratton.)

+

+=Nut=. The nave of a wheel (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Nyst, Niest=. Often used in Mid Wilts in same way as _neust_, as 'I

+be nyst done up,' i.e. over tired.

+

+=Nythe=. A brood, as 'a nythe o' pheasants'; always used by

+gamekeepers.--N.W. Apparently a form of Fr. _nid_, a nest. In the

+New Forest they say 'an _eye_ of pheasants.' See Cope's _Hampshire

+Glossary_ (s.v. _Nye_).

+

+

+=Oak-tree loam or clay=. The Kimmeridge Clay (Britton's _Beauties_,

+1825, vol. iii., also Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 113, &c.).

+

+=Oat-hulls= (pronounced Wut-hulls). Oat chaff and refuse.--S.W.

+

+=Oaves=. (1) Oat chaff.--N. & S.W. (Huish, &c.) (2) The eaves of a

+house (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A good old form. Mid. Eng. _ovese_ (_Old Eng. Miscell._, E.

+    E. T. S. p. 15, l. 465),=O. H. Germ, _opasa_ (_Vocab. of S.

+    Gall_).'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Odds=. (1) _v._ To alter, change, set right. 'I'll soon odds that'

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 112).--N.W. (2) _n._ Difference.

+'That don't make no odds to I.' 'What's the odds to thee?' what does

+it matter to you?--N.W.

+

+=Oddses=. Odds and ends.

+

+=Oddy=. (1) See ~Huddy~. (2) Strong, vigorous, in hearty health.--N.W.

+

+=Of=. With. 'You just come along o' I!'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Offer=. 'To offer to do a thing,' to make as though you were going

+to do it, or to begin to do it. 'He offered to hit I,' i.e. did not

+_say_ he would, but just put up his fists and let out.--N.W.

+

+=Old man=. (1) _Artemisia Abrotanum_, L., Southernwood.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel.--S.W.

+

+=Old man's beard=. (1) _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's Joy, when

+in fruit.--N. & S.W. (2) The mossy galls on the dog-rose.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Old Sow=. _Melilotus coerulea_, L., from its peculiar odour

+(_Science Gossip_, Nov. 1868).--N. & S.W., rarely.

+

+*=Old woman's bonnet=. _Geum rivale_, Water Avens.--S.W. (Mere.)

+

+*=Old woman's pincushion=. _Orchis maculata_, L., Spotted

+Orchis.--S.W.

+

+=Ollit=. See ~Elet~.

+

+=On=. (1) =_in_, prep., as 'I run agen un on th' street' (A.).--N.

+& S.W. (2) =_in_, prefix, as _ondacent_.--N. & S.W. (3) =_im_,

+prefix, as _onpossible_ (A.B.).--N. & S.W. (4) =_un_, prefix, as

+_ongainly_ (B.). _Onlight_, to alight.--N. & S.W. (5) =_of_, as 'I

+never did thenk much on 'en.'--N. & S.W. (6) =_by_, as 'He come on a

+mistake.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Once=. (1) Some time or other (M.). 'Once before ten o'clock,' some

+time or other before ten.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Send it once this morning, dooke.'--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+(2) 'I don't once (=for one moment) think as you'll catch un.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Oo=. Such words as _hood_, wood, _want_, a mole, _wonder_, &c., are

+usually pronounced in N. Wilts as _'ood_, _'oont_, _'oonder_.

+

+*=Organy=. (1) _Mentha Pulegium_, L., Pennyroyal (A.B.). (2)

+_Origanum vulgare_, L., Marjoram (_English Plant Names_).

+

+=Otherguise=. Otherwise.--N.W.

+

+=Out-axed=. Of a couple, having had their banns fully asked, or

+called for the last time (_Wilts Tales_, p. 100). The banns are then

+_out_, and the couple _out-axed_.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-cake=. Half a loaf, baked at the oven's mouth.--N.W.

+

+=Oven-lug=. The pole used as a poker in an oven. See ~Lug~ (2).--N.W.

+

+*=Over-get=. To overtake, to catch up.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Overlayer=. See quotation.

+

+    'The waggons ... seldom have any overlayers or out-riggers,

+    either at the ends or sides.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xxxviii.

+

+=Overlook=. To bewitch. Rare in Wilts, common in Dev. and Som.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+=Over-right=, =Vorright=. Opposite to.--N.W.

+

+=Owl about=. To moon about out of doors in the dark.--N.W.

+

+=Owling=. The same as ~Griggling~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+Compare:--

+

+    'Howlers. Boys who in former times went round wassailing the

+    orchards.'--PARISH, _Sussex Glossary_.

+

+    'The wenches with their wassail bowls

+    About the streets are singing;

+    The boys are come to catch the owls.'--G. WITHER.

+

+*=Owl-catchers=. Gloves of stout leather (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).

+

+

+=Pack-rag Day=. October 11, Old Michaelmas Day, when people change

+house. Also used in Suffolk.--N.W.

+

+*=Paint-brushes=. _Eleocharis palustris_, Br.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+=Palm-tree=. The Willow. ~Palms.~ Its catkins.--S.W.

+

+=Pamper=. To mess about, to spoil a thing.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pancherd=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pank=. To pant (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Panshard=, =Ponshard=, =Pancherd=. (1) A potshard: a broken bit of

+crockery (A.B.S.).--N.W. (2) 'In a panshard,' out of temper, in a

+rage.--S.W. Also used in the New Forest.

+

+=Pantony=. A cottager's pantry (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112). Compare _Entony_, an entry: Berks. There are many slight

+variants, as ~Panterny~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Paper Beech=. _Betula alba_, L.--N.W.

+

+*=Parasol=. _Sanguisorba officinalis_, L., Salad Burnet.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Parson=. In carting dung about the fields, the heaps are shot down

+in lines, and are all of much the same size. Sometimes, however,

+the cart tips up a little too much, with the result that the

+whole cartload is shot out into a large heap. This is known as a

+'Parson.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Parters=. Pieces of wood in a waggon which join the dripple to the

+bed. See ~Waggon~.--N.W.

+

+=Passover=. 'A bit of a passover,' a mere passing shower.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.)

+

+=Payze=. To raise with a lever (B.). Norman French _peiser_, cp. Fr.

+_poiser_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Peace-and-Plenty=. A kind of small double white garden

+Saxifrage.--S.W.

+

+=Peakid=, =Peaky=, =Picked=, =Picky=. Wan or sickly-looking.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pearl-blind=. See ~Purley~.

+

+=Peart=. (1) Impertinent (A.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) In good health. 'How

+be 'ee?' 'Aw, pretty peart, thank'ee.'--N. & S.W. (3) Clever, quick,

+intelligent.--S.W. (4) Stinging, sharp, as a blister.--S.W. (5)

+Lively. 'Her's as peart as ar' a bird, that's what her is!'--N.W.

+

+=Peck=. (1) _n._ A pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ To use a

+pickaxe.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ Of a horse, to trip or stumble: also

+~Peck-down~.--N.W.

+

+    'Captain Middleton's horse "pecked"--it is presumed through

+    putting its foot in a hole--and threw the rider.'--_Daily

+    Telegraph_, April 11, 1892.

+

+*=Pecker=. _n._ The nose (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Pecky=. Inclined to stumble. 'Th'old hoss goes terr'ble pecky.'--N.W.

+

+=Peel=. (1) A lace-making pillow (A.B.). A little 'Peel lace' is

+still made about Malmesbury. A.S. _pile_.--N.W. (2) The pillow over

+the axle of a waggon (D.). See ~Waggon~.--N.W. (3) The pole, with a

+flat board at end, for putting bread into the oven.--N.W.

+

+=Peggles=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pelt=. Rage, passion (A.S.). 'A come in, in such a pelt.'--N. & S.W.

+The word occurs in this sense in some old plays. Herrick alludes in

+_Oberon's Palace_ to 'the stings of peltish wasps,' and Topsell uses

+'pelting' for angry or passionate.

+

+    'You zims 'mazin afeert to zee your gran'fer in a pelt! 'Ten't

+    often as I loses my temper, but I've a-lost 'un now.'--_Dark_,

+    ch. xii. #/

+

+=Penny= (or =Perry=) =moucher=. A corruption of ~Berry-moucher~, q.v.

+

+=Perkins=. The same as ~Ciderkin~.--N.W.

+

+=Perk up=. To get better, to brighten up.--S.W.

+

+*=Perseen=. _v._ To pretend to (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'There's Jack White a comin'; I wun't perseen ta know

+    un.'--_Mr. Slow._

+

+=Peter grievous=. (1) _n._ A dismal person, or one who looks much

+aggrieved. ~Pity grievous~ at Clyffe Pypard, and ~Peter grievous~ at

+Salisbury.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I'll tell you summat as 'll make 'ee look a pater

+    grievous!'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+(2) _adj._ Dismal-looking. 'He be a peter-grievious-looking sort of a

+chap.'--S.W.

+

+*=Peter-man=. See Jackson's _Aubrey_, p. 11.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Kington Langley ... the revel of the village was kept on

+    the Sunday following St. Peter's Day (29th June), on which

+    occasions a temporary officer called "the Peter-man" used to be

+    appointed, bearing the office, it may be presumed, of master of

+    the sports.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 83.

+

+=Peth=. The crumb of bread.--N.W.

+

+=Pethy=. Crumby, as 'a pethy loaf.'--N.W.

+

+=Pick=. (1) A hay-making fork (A.B.D.), a stable-fork (D.).

+_Pick_=pitch, as in _pitch-fork_ (Skeat).--N. & S.W. (2) The fruit of

+the sloe.

+

+=Picked= (two syll.). (1) Sharp-pointed. ~Piggid~ on Som. bord.

+'Thuck there prong yun't picked enough.'--N. & S.W. (2) Looking ill

+(S.). With features sharpened by ill-health. See ~Peakid~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pickpocket=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherd's Purse.--N. &

+S.W. (Enford, Mere, &c.)

+

+=Picky=. See ~Peakid~.

+

+*=Pie-curr=. _Fuligula cristata_, Tufted Duck (_Birds of Wilts_, p.

+190).--S.W.

+

+=Pig-all=, =Pig-haw=. Fruit of the hawthorn (A.). ~Peggles~

+(Jefferies, _Marlborough Forest_, &c.)--N.W.

+

+=Pig-berry=. Fruit of the hawthorn (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pigeon-pair=. When a woman has only two children, a boy and a girl,

+they are called a 'pigeon pair.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'So in N. Eng. "a dow's cleckin" (a dove's clutch) is used for

+    two children.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Piggid=. See ~Picked~ (1).

+

+=Pig-haw=. See ~Pig-all~.

+

+=Pig-meat=. The flesh of the pig in Wilts is, if fresh, 'pig-meat.'

+It is never 'pork' unless the animal is specially killed as a 'little

+porker.'

+

+*=Pig-muddle=. Disorder, mess.--N.W.

+

+=Pig-nut=. (1) _Bunium flexuosum_, With., The Earth-nut.--N. & S.W.

+(2) The very similar root of _Carum Bulbocastanum_, Koch., Tuberous

+Caraway.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Pig-potatoes=. Small potatoes, usually boiled up for the pigs.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Pigs=. (1) See ~Boats~.--S.W. (Hants bord.) (2) Woodlice.--N. & S.W.

+Also ~Guinea-pigs~ and ~Butchers' Guinea-pigs~.

+

+=Pig-weed=. _Symphytum officinale_, L., Comfrey.--N.W. (Enford.)

+

+=Pillars=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Pimrose=. A primrose. Also used in Hants.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pin-bone=. The hip bone; sometimes the hip itself.--N.W.

+

+=Pincushion=. (1) _Anthyllis vulneraria_, L., Kidney Vetch.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Scabiosa arvensis_, L., Field Scabious.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+=Pinner=. A servant's or milker's apron; a child's pinafore being

+generally called ~Pinney~.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Next morn I missed three hens and an old cock, And off the

+    hedge two pinners and a smock.'

+

+    GAY, _The Shepherd's Week_.

+

+=Pinny-land=. Arable land where the chalk comes close to the surface,

+as opposed to the deeper clay land.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Pins=. The hips. A cow with hips above its back is said to be 'high

+in the pins.'--N.W.

+

+=Pip=. The bud of a flower (B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Pish!= or =Pishty!= A call to a dog (A.). In co. Clare, Ireland,

+this is the order to a horse to stop.

+

+=Pissabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion, from its diuretic

+effects.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pissing-candle=. The least candle in the pound, put in to make up

+the weight (Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._). Cp. Norman French _peiser_,

+to weigh.--Obsolete.

+

+=Pit=. (1) _n._ A pond.--N.W. (2) _n._ The mound in which potatoes or

+mangolds are stored (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N. & S.W. (3) _v._

+'To pit potatoes,' to throw them up in heaps or ridges, in field or

+garden, well covered over with straw and beaten earth, for keeping

+through the winter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch=. (1) _n._ A steep place.--N.W. (2) _n._ 'A pitch of work,'

+as much of the water-meadows as the water supply will cover well at

+one time (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii).--S.W. (3) n. The quantity of

+hay, &c., taken up by the fork each time in pitching (_Gamekeeper at

+Home_, ch. iv).--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To load up wheat, &c., pitching

+the sheaves with a fork (S.).--N. & S.W. (5) _v._ To fix hurdles,

+&c., in place (_Bevis_, ch. xxiii).--N. & S.W. (6) _v._ To settle

+down closely.

+

+    'Give the meadows a thorough good soaking at first ... to make

+    the land sink and pitch closely together.'--_Agric. of Wilts_,

+    ch. xii.

+

+(7) _v._ To lose flesh, waste away. Still in use in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The lambs "pitch and get stunted," and the best summer food

+    will not recover them.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+(8) _v._ To set out goods for sale in market. 'There wur a main

+lot o' cheese pitched s'marnin'.'--N. & S.W. (9) _v._ To pave with

+~Pitchin~, q.v.--N.W. (10) _v._ Of ground, to have an uneven surface.

+'The ground this end o' the Leaze pitches uncommon bad.'--S.W. (Hants

+bord.)

+

+=Pitched market=. A market where the corn is exposed for sale, not

+sold by sample (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pitchin=. _n._ Paving is done with large flat stones, 'pitching'

+with small uneven ones set on edge (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitching-bar=. The iron bar used in pitching hurdles (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pitch-poll=. When rooks are flying round and round, playing and

+tumbling head over heels in the air (a sign of rain), they are said

+to be 'playing pitch-poll'--N.W.

+

+=Pitch-up=. A short rest, as when a cart is going up a steep

+hill.--N.W.

+

+=Pit-hole=. The grave (S.). Used by children.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They lies, the two on 'em, the fourth and fifth i' the second

+    row, for I dug pit-holes for 'em.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch.

+    vi. p. 66.

+

+*=Pixy=. A kind of fairy. This is a Dev. and Som. word, but is said

+to be in use about Malmesbury.

+

+=Plain=. Straightforward, unaffected, as 'a plain 'ooman.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plan=. 'In a poor plan,' unwell, in a poor way, &c.--N.W. (Seend.)

+

+*=Plank-stone=. A flag-stone.

+

+    'This soyle (at Easton Piers) brings very good oakes and witch

+    hazles; excellent planke stones.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 236.

+

+    'At Bowdon Parke, Ano 1666, the diggers found the bones of a

+    man under a quarrie of planke stones.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. of

+    Wilts_, p. 71, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Plash=, =Pleach=. To cut the upper branches of a hedge half

+through, and then bend and intertwine them with those left upright

+below, so as to make a strong low fence (A.). Also ~Splash~.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Plat=. The plateau or plain of the downs.--S.W.

+

+=Pleach=. See ~Plash~.

+

+=Pleachers=. Live boughs woven into a hedge in laying.--S.W.

+

+=Plim=. (1) _v._ To swell out (A.B.S.), as peas or wood when soaked

+in water.--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ Many years ago, near Wootton Bassett,

+old Captain Goddard spoke to a farmer about a dangerous bull, which

+had just attacked a young man. The farmer's reply was:--'If a hadn't

+a bin a _plimmin'_ an' _vertin'_ wi' his stick--so fashion--(i.e.

+flourishing his stick about in the bull's face), the bull wouldn't

+ha' run at un.' No further explanation of these two words appears to

+be forthcoming at present.

+

+=Plocks=. Large wood, or roots and stumps, sawn up into short

+lengths, and cleft for firewood (S.). ~Plock-wood~ (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Plough=. A waggon and horses, or cart and horses together, make a

+plough (D.). See Kennett's _Paroch. Antiq._--N.W.

+

+    'The team of oxen that drew the plough came to be called the

+    plough, and in some parts of South Wilts they still call even

+    a waggon and horses a plough. This is needful for you to know,

+    in case your man should some day tell you that the _plough_ is

+    gone for _coal_.'--_Wilts. Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+    '1690. Paid William Winckworth for Worke downe with his Plough

+    to the causway.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+    '1709. Paid for 41 days worke with a ploughe carrying stones to

+    the Causey.'--_Ibid._ p. 239.

+

+(2) For the various parts of the old wooden plough see as follows:--

+

+    'I should like to hear a Wiltshire boy who had been three years

+    at plough or sheep fold, cross-examine one of Her Majesty's

+    Inspectors of Schools, and ask him, in the article of a

+    plough, to be so good as to explain the difference between the

+    vore-shoot and back-shoot, the ground rest, the bread board,

+    the drail, the wing and point, and the whippence.'--_Wilts

+    Arch. Mag._ vol. xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Ploughman=. A waggoner or carter.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    '1690. Paid for beere for the plowmen and pitchers.'--_Records

+    of Chippenham_, p. 237.

+

+*=Ploughman's-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+=Plurals=. (1) The old termination in _en_ is still much used, as

+_Housen_, _Hipsen_, &c. See ~En~ (1). (2) Plurals in _es_ are very

+commonly used, as _beastes_, _ghostes_, _nestes_, _postes_, _gutses_.

+Very often a reduplication takes place, as _beastises_, _ghostises_,

+&c.--N. & S.W. (3) Plurals are used sometimes instead of singulars.

+Examples:--'Nows and thens,' 'You'll find un a little ways furder

+on,' &c.

+

+    'These are rather an adverbial use of the genitive, like

+    _always_, _now-a-days_, _needs_, _whiles_, etc.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+(4) Plant-names are almost invariably used in the plural, even where

+only a single blossom is referred to, as 'What is that flower in your

+hand, Polly?' 'That's _Robins_, ma'am' (or _Cuckoos_, _Poppies_,

+_Nightcaps_, &c., as the case may be).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Poach=. (1) Of cattle, to trample soft ground into slush and

+holes.--N. & S.W. (2) Of ground, to become swampy from much trampling

+(_Wild Life_, ch. xx).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Podge=. Anything very thick and sticky. Cf. ~Stodge~.

+

+*=Pog=. *(1) To thrust with the foot.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To set

+beans.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Poison-berry=. (1) Fruit of _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+(2) Fruit of _Tamus communis_, L., Black Bryony.--N.W.

+

+=Poison-root=. _Arum maculatum_, L., Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+=Pole-ring=. The ring which fastens the scythe-blade to the snead

+(A.).--N.W.

+

+=Polly=. A pollard tree.--S.W. A Wiltshire man, on being told by the

+hospital surgeon that his arms would have to be amputated, exclaimed,

+'Be I to be shrowded like a owld polly?'

+

+=Polt=, =Powlt=. A blow (B.). A blow with a stick (A.). In Glouc.

+apples, walnuts, &c., are beaten down with a 'polting-lug,' or long

+pole.--N.W.

+

+=Ponshard=. See ~Panshard~.

+

+=Pooch out=. (1) To project or stick out.--N.W. (2) To cause to

+project.--N.W. (3) 'To pooch out the lips,' to pout.--N.W.

+

+=Pook=. (1) _n._ A small cock of hay, &c. (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._

+To put up in pooks (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pooker=. A woman employed in pooking.--S.W.

+

+=Pookers'-tea=. The yearly treat given to the pookers.--S.W.

+

+=Pooking-fork=. The large prong, with a cross handle, for pushing

+along in front of the pookers, to make up the hay into pooks.--S.W.

+

+=Pop-hole=. A rabbit-hole running right through a bank, as opposed

+to ~Blind-hole~ (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. vi). Any hole through a

+hedge, wall, &c.--N.W.

+

+=Popple-stone=. A pebble (S.). A.S. _papol_.--S.W.

+

+=Poppy=, or =Poppies=. (1) _Digitalis purpurea_, L., Foxglove, so

+called because children inflate and 'pop' the blossoms. _Papaver_

+is only known as 'Red-weed' by children about Salisbury.--S.W.

+(2) _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion, also 'popped' by

+children.--S.W. (Salisbury.) *(3) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort (_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_).--N. & S.W. (Lyneham and

+Farley.)

+

+=Posy=. The garden Peony, from its size.

+

+=Pot=, or =Put=. (The latter is the usual S. Wilts form.) *(1) A

+tub or barrel (D.).--Obsolete. (2) A two-wheeled cart, made to tilt

+up and shoot its load (D.).--N. & S.W. Manure used formerly to be

+carried out to the fields in a pair of _pots_ slung across a horse's

+back. When wheels came into general use the term was transferred to

+the cart used for the same purpose (D.). See ~Dung-pot~.

+

+=Pot-dung=. Farmyard manure (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+

+=Pots-and-Kettles=. Fruit of _Buxus sempervirens_, L., Box.--S.W.

+(Barford St. Martin, Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pot-walloper= A 'pot-waller,' or person possessing a house with

+a 'pot-wall,' or kitchen fireplace for cooking. All such persons

+formerly had votes for the borough of Wootton Bassett. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 172.

+

+=Poult=. (1) 'A turkey poult,' a young turkey.--N. & S.W. (2) 'A

+perfect poult,' an awkward girl.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Pounceful=. Masterful, self-willed. Cf. ~Bounceful~. 'He preached

+pouncefully,' i.e. powerfully, forcibly.--S.W.

+

+=Powder-monkey=. (1) Damp gunpowder, moulded into a 'devil,' or cake

+which will smoulder slowly, used by boys for stupefying a wasp's

+nest. (2) Ash leaves with an even number of leaflets, worn by boys on

+the afternoon of May 29. See ~Shitsack Day~.

+

+=Power=. 'A power o' volk,' a number of people. A quantity of

+anything.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A's got a power of plaguy long spikes all auver's

+    body.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 118.

+

+=Powlts=. (1) Peas and beans grown together.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+(2) See ~Poult~ and ~Polt~.

+

+*=Poyn=. To pen sheep (D.).

+

+=Prawch=. To stalk, to swagger. 'I see un come a prawchin' along up

+the coort.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Preterites=. A few specimens may be given, as ~craup~, or ~crope~,

+crept; ~drowd~, threw; ~flod~, flew; ~fot~, ~vot~, or ~vaught~,

+fetched; ~hod~, hid; ~hut~, hit; ~lod~, led; ~obloge~, obliged;

+~raught~, reached; ~scrope~, scraped; ~slod~, slid; ~woc~, awoke;

+~seed~, ~seen~, saw.

+

+=Pretty-money=. Coins, such as old George-and-dragon crowns, or new

+Jubilee pieces, given to a child to keep as curiosities, not to be

+spent.--N.W.

+

+=Pride=. (1) The ovary of a sow.--N.W. *(2) The mud lamprey (H.).

+

+    '_Petromyzon branchialis._ L., ... in the southern part of

+    England is locally known as the Pride.'--SEELEY, _Fresh-water

+    Fishes of Europe_, p. 427.

+

+    'Lumbrici ... are lyke to lampurnes, but they be muche

+    lesse, and somewhat yeolowe, and are called in Wilshyre

+    prides.'--_Elyotes Dictionarie_, 1559, quoted by Hal.

+

+=Primrose soldiers=. _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+*=Prin= it. Take it (A.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Privet=, =Brivet=. 'To privet about,' pry into things. 'To privet

+out,' to ferret out anything. See ~Brevet~.

+

+=Pronged=. A scythe-blade with a small flaw in the edge which may

+develop into a serious crack is said to be 'pronged.'--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Pronouns=. ~I~, ~he~, and ~she~ do duty as accusatives, as 'He

+towld I, but I bean't a-goin' to do nothen for he.' ~Her~ and

+~us~ are nominatives, as 'Her be a girt vule, that her be'; 'Us

+be at coal-cart s'marnin.' ~Thee~ is used for both thou and thy,

+as 'What's thee name?' 'What's thee'se want to knaw vor?' 'Never

+thee mind.' ~Hyn~, or more commonly ~un~,=him, or it, as 'I seed

+un a-doing on't'; 'poor zowl on hyn!' This is the old _hime_, the

+accusative of _he_. ~A~=he, as 'How a hackers an bivers!' ~Thac~,

+~Thuck~, or ~Thuck there~=that. ~Themmin~=those. ~Thic~, ~Thissum~,

+~Thease~, ~Thic here~, &c.=this. ~Theesum~, or ~Theesum here~=these.

+Occasionally ~Theesen~ in S. Wilts. ~Thick~ and ~Thuck~ require some

+explanation. ~Thuck~ always=_that_, but is mainly a N. Wilts form,

+its place in S. Wilts being usually taken by ~Thick~. ~Thic~ or

+~Thick~ often=_this_ in N. Wilts, but far more frequently=_that_,--in

+fact, the latter may probably now be taken as its normal meaning,

+although it would appear to have been otherwise formerly. In

+_Cunnington MS._, for instance, it is stated that 'The old terms

+_thic_ and _thoc_ almost constantly exclude the expressions This

+and That,' and similar statements are found in other authorities.

+In ~Thick here~ and ~Thick there~ the use of the adverb defines the

+meaning more precisely. As regards the neighbouring counties, it may

+be said that in Som. and Dors. ~thick~=_that_; while in N. Hants it

+never does so (see Cope's _Glossary_), always there meaning _this_.

+It should be noted that the _th_ is usually sounded _dth_, much as

+in Anglo-Saxon. ~His'n~=his; ~Hern~, or occasionally ~Shis'n~,=hers;

+~Ourn~=ours; ~Theirn~=theirs; ~Yourn~=yours; ~Whosen~=whose, as

+'Whosen's hat's thuck thur?' ~Mun~=them, is occasionally, but not

+often, used. ~Arra~, ~Arra one~, ~Arn~, &c.=any. Negatives, ~Narra~,

+~Narra one~, ~Narn~, &c. 'Hev 'ee got arra pipe, Bill?' 'No, I han't

+got narn.' In the Pewsey Yale ~Ma~ is occasionally used for ~I~, in

+such phrases as 'I'll go we 'ee, shall ma?' or 'I don't stand so

+high as he, do ma?' About Malmesbury (and elsewhere in N. Wilts) the

+following forms may be noted:--~Wither~, other; ~Theasamy~, these;

+~Themmy~, those; ~Totherm~ or ~Tothermy~, the other.

+

+=Proof=. _n._ Of manure, hay, &c., the strength or goodness. 'The

+rain hev waished aal the proof out o' my hay.' 'That there muckle

+bain't done yet; the proof yun't gone out on't.'--N. & S.W. A

+thriving tree is said to be in 'good proof.'

+

+=Proofey=. Stimulating, fattening.--N.W.

+

+    'The Monkton pastures used to be of good note in Smithfield,

+    from the very feel of the beasts. There are no more "proofey"

+    fatting grounds in Wilts.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi. p. 29.

+

+=Proof maggot=. The larva of the gadfly, which causes warbles in

+cattle.--N.W.

+

+=Proper=. 'Her's a proper beauty,' is extremely handsome. 'He's a

+proper fool,' an utter idiot.--N.W.

+

+=Proud=. When wheat is too rank and forward in winter, it is said to

+be 'winter-proud' (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Pucker=. Perplexity, dilemma (S.) 'I be in a main pucker 'bout what

+to do wi' they taters.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pucksey= (1) A quagmire. 'The roads wer aal in a pucksey,' i.e. very

+muddy. 'Out of the mucksey (=mixen) into the pucksey,' from bad to

+worse.--S.W. (2) Hence, a mess or muddle. 'What a pucksey the house

+be in!' i.e. a dirty untidy state.--S.W.

+

+=Pud=. The hand; a nursery word.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pud-beggar=, =Pudbaiger=. The Water Spider (S.).--S.W.

+

+    'A very interesting word. M.E. _padde_, a toad, _paddock_,

+    Dev. and East Anglia. M.E. _pode_, tadpole, Icelandic

+    _padda_, used of any beetles or insects that inhabit stagnant

+    water.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Puddle= or =Piddle about=. To potter about, doing little jobs of no

+great utility.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Pue=. The udder of a cow or sheep (A.). Fr. _pis_, Lat. _pectus_.

+

+=Pug=. (1) _n._ The pulp of apples which have been pressed for

+cider.--N.W. *(2) _v._ To eat (H.Wr.). *(3) To ear, plough, till

+(Wr.).

+

+=Pummy=. _n._ A soft mass. 'To beat all to a pummy'; from _pomace_,

+the apple-pulp in cider-making.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purdle=. To turn head over heels in a fall.--N.W.

+

+=Pure=. In good health. 'Quite purely,' quite well (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Purler=. A knock-down blow, a heavy fall.--N.W.

+

+    'One of them beggars had come up behind, and swung his

+    gun round, and fetched him a purler on the back of his

+    head.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ix.

+

+=Purley=. Weak-sighted (A.H.Wr.). ~Pearl blind~ is sometimes

+similarly used.

+

+=Pussy-cats=, =Pussies=, and =Pussies'-tails=. Catkins of willow and

+hazel, more commonly of willow only (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Pussyvan=. See ~Puzzivent~.

+

+=Pussy-willow=. _Salix._--S.W.

+

+=Put=. See ~Pot~ (S.).

+

+=Put about=. To vex, to worry. 'Now dwoan't 'ee go an' put yourself

+about wi't.'--N.W.

+

+=Puzzivent=. A flurry or taking. 'He put I in such a puzzivent.'

+Formerly used in both N. and S. Wilts, but now almost obsolete.

+Fr. _poursuivant_. According to a note in _The Astonishing History

+of Troy Town_, by 'Q,' ch. xvii, the phrase originated from the

+contempt with which the West-country sea-captains treated the

+poursuivants sent down by Edward IV to threaten his displeasure.

+Hence _pussivanting_, ineffective bustle, Dev. and Corn.--N. & S.W.

+~Pussyvan~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Puzzle-pound=. The game of ~Madell~, q.v.--S.W. (Longbridge

+Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Pwine-end=. The whole gable-end of a house, which runs up to a

+sharp point or _pwine_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+=Quakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quamp=. Still, quiet (A.B.G.).--N.W.

+

+*=Quamped=, =Quomped=. Subdued, disappointed. See ~Quamp~.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Quanked=. Overpowered by fatigue (A.). Compare ~Cank~.

+

+=Quar=, =Quarr=. (1) _n._ A stone-quarry (A.B.G.S.).--N. & S.W. (2)

+_v._ To work as a quarryman (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quar-Martin=. _Hirundo riparia_, Sand-Martin, from its breeding

+in holes drilled in the face of sandy quarries (_Wild Life_, ch.

+ix).--N.W.

+

+=Quat=, =Qwot=, or =Qwatty=. (1) To crouch down (sometimes, but not

+always, remaining quite still), as a scared partridge (_Amateur

+Poacher_, ch. iii). To squat (A.); to sit (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To

+flatten, to squash flat.--N.W.

+

+*=Quavin-gog= or =Quaving-gog=.A quagmire (A.B.H.Wr.). See

+~Gog~.--N.W.

+

+    'In the valley below the hill on which Swindon is built, are

+    some quagmires, called by the inhabitants quaving-gogs, which

+    are considered of great depth, and are consequently shunned as

+    places of danger.'--_Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii. p. 8.

+

+*=Quean=.A woman.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'The Saxon word _quean_, woman, is still used without any

+    objectionable meaning, but its use is rare.'--_Leisure Hour_,

+    Aug. 1893.

+

+    'When a man says of his wife that "th' old quean" did so

+    and so, he means no disrespect to her, any more than if he

+    were speaking of his child as "the little wench."'--MISS E.

+    BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Queed=, =Quid=. (1) _n._ The cud. 'To chamme the queed' is given as

+a Wiltshire phrase in _MS. Lansd._ 1033 (H.).--N.W. *(2) Quid. _v._

+To suck (A.).--N.W.

+

+=Queen's-cushion=. A seat for a little girl, made by two persons

+crossing hands, and so carrying her between them. When a boy is so

+carried the term used is ~King's-cushion~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Quest=, =Quist=. The Woodpigeon, _Columba palumbus_ (A.B.);

+~Quisty~. 'Thee bist a queer quist,' i.e. a strange sort of

+fellow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The Wiltshire labourers invariably call it ... the

+    "Quisty."'--_Birds of Wilts_, p. 318.

+

+=Quid=. See ~Queed~.

+

+=Quiddle=. (1) _n._ A fussy person; one hard to satisfy in trifling

+matters of diet, &c.--S.W. (2) _n._ To make a fuss over trifles

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Quiet Neighbours=. _Centranthus ruber_, DC., Red Spur

+Valerian.--S.W. (Longbridge Deverill.)

+

+=Quiff=. A knack, a trick. 'Ther's a quiff about thuck old

+gate-latch.'--N.W. Compare:--

+

+    'Mr. F. J. Kennedy, secretary of the Belfast Angling

+    Association ... "worked a quiff," to use a slang phrase, on a

+    well-known Lagan poacher.'--_Fishing Gazette_, Aug. 20, 1892,

+    p. 154.

+

+*=Quile=. A heap of hay ready for carrying. Fr. _cueiller_.--N.W.

+(Cherhill.)

+

+=Quill=. The humour, mood, or vein for anything. 'I can work as well

+as or a man, when I be in the quill for 't.' To 'Quill a person' in

+the language in use at Winchester College is to please, or humour

+him. This is very near the Wilts use.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Quilt=. (1) _v._ To swallow (A.B.C.G.). 'The baby wur that bad, it

+couldn't quilt nothen.' This is used of swallowing in the natural

+way, while _glutch_ is to swallow with difficulty (C.).--N.W. (2)

+_n._ A gulp, a mouthful of liquid. 'Have a quilt on't?' have a drop

+of it.--N.W.

+

+=Quinnet=. _n._ (1) A wedge, as the iron wedge fastening the ring of

+the scythe nibs in place, or the wooden wedge or cleat which secures

+the head of an axe or hammer.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) See ~Scythe~.

+

+=Quirk=. To complain (A.B.G.); spelt Quisk by Akerman in error. To

+grunt (S.); to croak. A frog often quirks, and a toad sometimes.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Quiset about=. To pry about (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+112).--N.W.

+

+=Quisk=. See ~Quirk~.

+

+=Quist=, =Quisty=. See ~Quest~.

+

+=Quob=. (1) A soft wet place, a piece of marsh or bog.--N.W. Cp. W.

+of Eng. _quob_, a bog; _quob-mire_, Salop. (2) Hence 'all in a quob,'

+said of a bad bruise.--N.W.

+

+=Quomped=. See ~Quamped~.

+

+*=Quop=. To throb (A.B.G.).

+

+

+=R=. (1) In pronunciation _r_ often has _d_ or _t_ affixed or

+prefixed, as ~Cavaltry~, horsemen; ~Crockerty~, crockery; ~Millard~,

+miller, &c. (2) See ~Har~. (3) Transpositions frequently occur, as

+_cruds_, curds; _cruddle_, to curdle; _girn_, to grin; _girt_, great;

+_gird'l_, a great deal; _hirn_, to run.

+

+=Rabbit-flower=. _Dielytra spectabilis_, DC., the flowers of which,

+when pulled apart, form two little pink rabbits.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rabbits=. Blossoms of Snapdragon when pinched off the stem.--S.W.

+

+*=Race=. The heart, liver and lungs of a calf (A.B.).

+

+=Rack=. (1) A rude narrow path, like the track of a small animal

+(A.S.). See Gen. Pitt-Rivers' _Excavations in Cranborne Chase_, vol.

+i. ch. i. On Exmoor the wild deer always cross a wall or hedge at the

+same spot. The gap thus formed is called a 'rack.' See _Red Deer_,

+ch. iv. Also in W. Somerset.--S.W. (2) Apparently also sometimes used

+in the sense of a boundary.--S.W.

+

+=Radical=. 'A young radical,' a regular young Turk, a troublesome

+young rascal. Also used in Somerset.--N.W.

+

+=Rafter=. To plough so as to leave a narrow strip of ground

+undisturbed, turning up a furrow on to it on each side, thus

+producing a succession of narrow ridges (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii).

+See ~Balk-ploughing~.--N.W.

+

+=Rafty=, =Rasty=, =Rusty=. Of bacon, rancid (A.B.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rag-mag=. A ragged beggar, or woman all in tatters.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rail=. To crawl or creep about, to walk slowly (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 112). 'I be that weak I can't hardly rail about.'--N.W.

+

+=Raims=, =Reams=. A mere bag of bones, a very thin person. 'He do

+look as thin as a raims.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Raimy=. Very thin.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. A curve (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Ramping=. Tall, as 'a rampin' gel.'--N.W.

+

+*=Randin=. Riotous living.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Randy=. (1) _n._ A noisy merry-making (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury,

+etc.) (2) _n._ 'On the randy,' living in a riotous or immoral

+manner.--N. & S.W. (3) _adj._ A woman who used to be a regular

+attendant at all the tea-meetings and other gatherings of the kind in

+her neighbourhood in N. Wilts was usually spoken of as being 'a randy

+sort o' a 'ooman'--_randy_ apparently being there applied to such

+gatherings.

+

+*=Range=. Two drifts or rows of felled underwood (D.).

+

+=Rangle=. To twine round anything as a climbing plant does.--S.W.

+(Som. bord.)

+

+=Rank=, =Ronk=. (1) Audacious. 'Hands off! Thee bist a bit too

+ronk!'--N.W. (2) Outrageous, as applied to a fraud or a lie.--N.W.

+

+*=Rannel=. _adj._ Ravenously hungry.--N.W.

+

+    'A man comes in rannel vor 's food, and plaguey little dacent

+    vittles can a get.'--_Dark_, ch. ii.

+

+=Rant=. (1) v. To tear.--N.W.

+

+    'She "ranted" the bosom of her print dress.'--_Field Play._

+

+(2) _n._ A tear or rent.--N.W.

+

+=Rantipole=. _Daucus Carota_, L., Wild Carrot (_English Plant

+Names_).--N.W.

+

+=Rap=, =Wrap=. A thin strip of wood.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rapid=. 'A rapid pain,' 'rapid weather,' i.e. very violent. Always

+so used at Clyffe Pypard. So in W. Somerset.--N.W.

+

+    'This is a Latin use: cf. Virgil's _rapidus aestus_ (Bucol.

+    ii. 10) and _rapidus sol_ (_Georg._ ii. 321)=strong,

+    violent.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Rare=. Underdone, but not raw. Reer (A.). Pronounced _Raa_.

+

+=Rash=. To burn in cooking (H.Wr.). Sometimes used of malt.

+

+=Rasty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+*=Rathe-ripes=. (1) An early kind of pea (B.). (2) An early kind of

+apple.

+

+*=Rattle-basket=. (1) _Rhinanthus Crista-galli_, L., Yellow

+Rattle.--S.W. (Zeals.) *(2) _Erica cinerea?_ Heath. Heard only from

+one person.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Rattle-thrush=. _Turdus viscivorus_, the Missel-thrush, occasionally

+extended to any very large Song-thrush. ~Rassel-thrush~ at Huish.--N.

+& S.W. (Salisbury, &c.)

+

+*=Rattle-weed=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--N.W.

+(Lyneham.)

+

+=Rave=. The ring of twisted hazel by which hurdles are fastened to

+their stakes or shores.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Raves=, =Reaves=. The waggon-rails (D.S.). At Clyffe Pypard applied

+to the flat woodwork projecting over the wheels from the side of the

+forward part of a waggon.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rawmouse, Raamouse=. The reremouse or bat; used at Tormarton, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c. ~Bat-mouse~ is, however, in more general use. ~Ryemouse~

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Rawney=, =Rowney=. (1) _adj._ Thin, poor, and uneven, as applied

+to badly manufactured cloth (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) _adj._ Of persons,

+extremely thin.--S.W. (Som. bord.), occasionally.

+

+=Ray=, or =Array=. _v._ To dress and clean corn (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Ray-sieve=. _n._ A sieve used to get the dust out of horses' chaff.

+~Rayen-sieve~ on Dorset bord.--N.W.

+

+=Reams=. See ~Raims~.

+

+=Reap-hook=. The 'rip-hook' is a short-handled hook without teeth,

+the blade bent beyond the square of the handle; used to cut to the

+hand a handful at a time (D.). The old reaping-sickle was toothed or

+serrated. See ~Hal~. _s.v._ ~Hook~.

+

+=Red Bobby's eye=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb-Robert.--S.W.

+(Redlynch.)

+

+=Red Fiery Bang-tail=. See ~Bang-tail~.

+

+=Red Robin Hood=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=Red-Robins=. _Lychnis diurna_, Sibth., Red Campion.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Red-weed=. Red Poppy (D.). The only name for _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c.,

+used about Salisbury and Warminster, _Digitalis_ being the 'Poppy' of

+those parts. One of our oldest plant-names.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Reed=. Unthreshed and unbroken straw reserved for thatching

+(S.). A Somerset and Devon word. 'Reed' is seldom used in Wilts,

+where ordinary threshed straw, made up into 'elms,' is the common

+material.--S.W.

+

+=Reer=. See ~Rare~.

+

+=Reeve=. To draw into wrinkles.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Remlet=. A remnant.--N.W.

+

+=Reneeg=, =Renegue= (_g_ always hard). To back out of an engagement,

+to jilt.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) In Ireland a horse refusing a fence

+would be said to _renage_. See Whyte-Melville's _Satanella_, ch. i.

+p. 7: _Lear_, ii. 2, &c.

+

+=Revel=. A pleasure fair; a parochial festival, a wake (A.B.), as

+'Road Revel.' A village Club Feast (S.).--N. & S.W. There was a

+revel held at Cley Hill formerly, on Palm Sunday, and one at Kington

+Langley on the Sunday following St. Peter's Day.

+

+=Rhaa=. Hungry, ravenous. See ~Rhan~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, rarely.)

+

+=Rhan= (pronounced _Rhaan_). To eat voraciously (S.). A form of

+_raven_. Cf. West of Eng. _ranish_, ravenous.--S.W.

+

+*=Rhine= (pronounced _Reen_). A water-course. This is a Som.

+word.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Mr. Powell mentions a Wiltshire poem, which

+begins:--

+

+    'There once were a frog that lived in a ditch, Or 'twere may be

+    a rheen, it don't matter which.'

+

+=Rick-barken=. A rick-yard (A.). See Barken.--N.W.

+

+=Rick-stick=. In thatching, after the 'elms' are fastened down with

+'spicks' or 'spars' the thatch is then lightly combed over with the

+'rick-stick,' a rod with a few teeth at one end and an iron point at

+the other by which it can be stuck into the thatch when not in actual

+use.--S.W. (Warminster.)

+

+=Riddle=. (1) _n._ A coarse sieve (A.B.). Cp. A.S. _hridder_. See

+Rudder.--N. & S.W. (2) v. To sift. 'Hev 'ee riddled they ashes well

+s'marnin'?'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ridge-tie=. A back chain for shafts. ~Wridgsty~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Riffle=. A knife-board on which 'callus-stone' is used (_Wilts

+Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Rig=. (1) _n._ A horse which has not been 'clean cut,' i.e. is only

+half gelded, owing to one of its stones never having come down.--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To climb up upon (S.), or bestride anything, either in

+sport or wantonness. 'To rig about' is commonly used in S. Wilts of

+children clambering about on wood-piles, walls, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rigget=. A woodlouse.--S.W. (Heytesbury.)

+

+=Ring=. 'To ring bees,' to make a noise with poker and shovel when

+they swarm.--N.W.

+

+=Rinnick=. The smallest and worst pig of a litter. Sometimes

+abbreviated into ~Nurk~. Cf. North of England _Rannack_, a worthless

+fellow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Robin's eyes=. _Geranium Robertianum_, L., Herb Robert.--S.W.

+

+=Rock=. The 'fur' or calcareous deposit inside a kettle.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rocket=. 'Don your rocket,' put on your bonnet.--S.W. (Downton.) No

+doubt originally this meant a woman's dress or cloak (_rochet_), as

+in M.E., but it has long been transferred to the bonnet. In Devon

+_rochet_ is still sometimes applied to female dress.

+

+=Roke=. Smoke.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Rollers= (_o_ short). (1) _n._ The long lines into which hay is

+raked before pooking.--S.W. (Warminster, &c.) (2) _v._ Rolly. To put

+grass into rollers (_Cycl. of Agric._).--S.W.

+

+*=Rommelin=. Rank, overgrown (A.).

+

+=Ronk=. See ~Rank~.

+

+*=Rook Hawk=. _Falco subbuteo_, the Hobby (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 72).

+

+=Ropey=. _adj._ (1) 'Rawpey bread,' a term applied to that peculiar

+condition of home-made bread, known only in dry summer weather, and

+caused by a kind of second fermentation, when the inside of the loaf

+appears full of minute threads, and has a disagreeable taste.--N.W.

+(2) Also applied to thick drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Rough=. (1) _adj._ Unwell, as 'He bin terr'ble rough this

+fortnight.'--N. & S.W.

+

+    'There, she was took rough as it might be uv a Monday, and

+    afore Tuesday sundown she was gone, a-sufferin' awful.'--_The

+    Story of Dick_, ch. viii. p. 85.

+

+(2) 'To sleep rough,' or 'lay rough,' to sleep about out of doors

+like a vagabond.--N. & S.W. (3) _v._ To treat roughly, to ill-use.

+'Thuck there hoss 'll kick 'ee, if so be as you do rough un.'--N.W.

+

+=Rough Band=. A housset. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. i. p. 88.

+

+=Rough-carpenter=. The same as ~Hedge-carpenter~.--N.W.

+

+=Rough Music=. The same as _Housset_ and _Skimmenton_.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tail=. _v._ To clip the dirty locks of wool off the tail and

+legs of sheep, previously to shearing. Very commonly used in many

+parts of the county.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Round-tailings=. The locks so clipt, which are washed and dried,

+and usually sold at half-price.--N.W.

+

+*=Rouse=. 'To catch and rouse,' see ~Catch~.

+

+=Rowet-grass=. The long rough grass in hedges, &c., which cattle

+refuse; rowan or coarse aftergrass.--N.W.

+

+=Rowetty=. Of grass, coarse and rough.--N.W.

+

+    'Tangled dead ferns and rowetty stuff.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_,

+    ch. ii.

+

+    'That "rowetty" grass seen in the damp furrows of the

+    meadows.'--_Wild Life_, ch. ii.

+

+    'Our low meadowes is ... rowtie, foggie, and full of

+    flags.'--HARRISON'S _Description of Britain_.

+

+=Rowey=. Rough (C.). See ~Rowetty~.

+

+*=Rowless-thing=. In the _Diary_ of the Parliamentary Committee at

+Falstone House, S. Wilts, 1646-7, this curious phrase frequently

+occurs, apparently meaning waste and unprofitable land. It is

+once applied to a living. Several forms of it are used, as

+_Rowlass-thing_, _Rowlist-thing_, and _Rowless-thing_. See _Wilts

+Arch. Mag._, Nov. 1892, pp. 343-391. We have been unable to trace the

+word elsewhere, so that it may possibly be of local origin.

+

+    'George Hascall is become tenant for a Rowlass thing called

+    Dawes-Frowd, land of Lord Arundell and estated out to Mrs.

+    Morley a recusant ... John Selwood and Richard Hickes tenants

+    unto Sir Giles Mompesson for his farm at Deptford and his

+    Rowless-thing called Hurdles at Wiley.'--_Diary_, &c.

+

+Sir Fras. Dowse, of Wallop, is said to have been possessed

+of 'another _thing_ called the Broyl [_Bruellii_ = woods] of

+Collingbourne.' See 'Wiltshire Compounders,' _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+xxiv. p. 58. In the New Forest a 'rough' is a kind of enclosure.

+

+    'Philips promised to feed the horse in a "rough" or enclosure

+    ... which was well fenced in, but the bank foundered and the

+    animal got out.'--_Salisbury Journal_, Aug. 5, 1893.

+

+=Rowney=. See ~Rawney~.

+

+=Rubble=. (1) In Wilts usually applied to the hard chalk used in

+making roadways through fields (_Wild Life_, ch. ii),--N. & S.W. (2)

+Rubbish (A.B.C.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Rubbly=. _adj._ Of soil, loose from being full of broken bits of

+chalk (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Rucksey=. Muddy, dirty, untidy, as applied to road, weather, or

+house.--S.W.

+

+=Rudder=. (1) _n._ A sieve. A.S. _hridder_. See Riddle.--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To sift.--N.W.

+

+=Rudderish=. Passionate, hasty (A.B.G.).--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Rudge=. _n._ The space between two furrows in a ploughed field.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Rumple=, _v._ To seduce. The full force of the word can only be

+given by _futuere_, as:--'He bin rumplin' that wench o' Bill's again

+laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. Anything in confusion; a disagreement (A.).

+

+=Rumpum-Scrumpum=. _n._ A rude kind of musical instrument, made

+of a piece of board, with an old tin tied across it as a bridge,

+over which the strings are strained. It is played like a banjo, or

+sometimes with a sort of fiddle-bow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Rusty=. See ~Rafty~.

+

+=Ryemouse=. The bat (A.B.). A form of Reremouse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Saat=. 'Saat bread,' soft, sweet puddingy bread, which pulls apart

+in ropes or strings, made from 'grown-out' wheat. Cp. Halliwell

+(~s.v.~ _Sad_): 'Sad bread, _panis gravis_, Coles.' See ~Zaad-paul~.

+

+=Sails=. The upright rods of a hurdle (D.). ~Hurdle-zailin'~, _sing_.

+(Clyffe Pypard).--N.W.

+

+=Sally-withy=. A willow (A.H.Wr.). A curious reduplication, both

+parts of the word having the same meaning in Anglo-Saxon.

+

+=Sar=. (1) To serve (S.) or feed (_Wilts Tales_, p. 112). 'Sar the

+pegs, wull 'ee,' i.e. 'Give them their wash.'--N. & S.W. (2) ''Twon't

+sar a minute to do't,' will not take a minute.--N.W.

+

+=Saturday's Pepper=. _Euphorbia Helioscopia_, L., Sun-spurge

+(_English Plant Names_). ~Saturday-night's-pepper~ (_Village Miners_).

+

+=Sauf=. As if (S.). 'Looks sauf 'twur gwain to rain.'--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Scallot=. Quarrymen's term for one of the upper beds of the Portland

+series--a fine white stone (Britton's _Beauties of Wilts_, vol. iii).

+

+=Scambling=. 'A scambling meal,' one taken in a rough and hurried

+way.--N.W.

+

+    'In the _Percy Household Book_, 1511, "Scamlynge days" is of

+    constant occurrence for _jours maigres_.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=Scat=. _v._ To whip, beat, smack, slap.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Scaut=. (1) _v._ To strain with the foot in supporting or pushing

+(A.); as at foot-ball, or in drawing a heavy load uphill; to stretch

+the legs out violently. ~Scote~ in S. Wilts.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Stick your heels in the ground, arch your spine, and drag

+    with all your might at a rope, and then you would be said to

+    "scaut." Horses going uphill, or straining to draw a heavily

+    laden waggon through a mud hole "scaut" and tug.'--_Village

+    Miners._

+

+(2) _n._ The pole attached to the axle, and let down behind the

+wheel, to prevent the waggon from running back while ascending a hill

+(A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=School-bell=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., Harebell.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Scoop=. (1) A shovel (D.).--N.W. (2) Allowance or start in a race,

+&c. 'How much scoop be you a going to gie I?'--N. & S.W. (Baverstock,

+&c.)

+

+    'Alwaies dyd shroud and cut theyre fuel for that purpose

+    along all the Raage on Brayden's syde alwaies taking as

+    much Skoop from the hedge as a man could through [throw] a

+    hatchet.'--_Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne near

+    Wootton Bassett_, 1602.

+

+The original document is in the Devizes Museum.--N.W.

+

+=Scotch=. A chink, a narrow opening. The spaces between the boards in

+a floor are _scotches_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+=Scote=. See ~Scaut~.

+

+*=Scottle=. To cut badly or raggedly (H.Wr.). 'Her did scottle the

+stuff so, that my new gownd's 'tirely spwiled.'--N.W.

+

+=Scraamb=. 'To scraamb a thing down' is to reach up to it and pull it

+down violently (S.), in the manner thus described by Jefferies:--

+

+    'Suppose a bunch of ripe nuts high up and almost out of reach;

+    by dint of pressing into the bushes, pulling at the bough,

+    and straining on tiptoe, you may succeed in "scraambing" it

+    down. "Scraambing," or "scraambed," with a long accent on the

+    aa, indicates the action of stretching and pulling downwards.

+    Though somewhat similar in sound, it has no affinity with

+    scramble: people scramble for things which have been thrown on

+    the ground.'--_Village Miners._

+

+It would not be used of such an action as scrambling about on

+rocks.--N.W.

+

+*=Scram=, =Skram=. Awkward, stiff as if benumbed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Scran=. *(1) A bag (A.H.Wr.) in which food is carried.--N. & S.W.

+(2) Victuals (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Scratch Cradle=. Cat's-cradle (A.B.).

+

+=Screech=. (1) The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (A.).--N.W. (2)

+_Cypselus apus_, the Swift (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 309).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Screechetty=. _adj._ Creaky (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Screech Thrush=. The Missel Thrush, _Turdus viscivorus_ (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 129).--S.W. (Sutton Benger.)

+

+*=Scricele=. To creak or squeak. See ~Scruple~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scriggle=. To take the last apples. See ~Griggles~.--N.W.

+

+=Scroff=, =Scruff=. Fragments of chips (S.). The refuse of a

+wood-shed; ashes and rubbish for burning.--S.W.

+

+=Scrouge=. To squeeze, press, or crowd any one (A.B.). 'Now dwoan't

+'ee come a scrougin' on I zo!'

+

+=Scrow=. (1) Angry, surly (A.H.).--N.W. *(2) Sorry, vexed.--N. &

+S.W., occasionally.

+

+    'Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+    caddle.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Scrump=. (1) _n._ A very dried up bit of anything (S.), as toast

+or roast meat 'done all to a scrump' (_Cottage Ideas_).--N. &. S.W.

+(2) Hence, sometimes applied to a shrivelled-up old man.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _v._ 'Don't scrump up your mouth like that!' i.e. squeeze it up

+in making a face.--N. & S.W. (4) _v._ To crunch. A sibilated form of

+Crump.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scrumpshing=. Rough play: used by boys (_Bevis_, ch. ix).--N.W.

+

+=Scrupet=. To creak or grate, as the ungreased wheel of a barrow

+(_Village Miners_). Also Scroop, Scripet, Scrupetty, Scroopedee (S.),

+&c.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scruple=. To squeak or creak. 'When the leather gets old-like, he

+sort o' dries up, an' then he do scruple--he do scricele, Sir!' i.e.

+the saddle squeaks. Cf. ~Scroop~.--N.W. (Wroughton.)

+

+=Scuff about= or =along=. To drag one's feet awkwardly, as in too

+large slippers; to 'scuff up' the dust, as children do for amusement,

+by dragging a foot along the road.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Scuffle=. An oven-swab.--S.W.

+

+=Scythe=. The various parts of the scythe are as follows in N.

+Wilts:--~Snead~, or ~Snaith~, the pole; ~Nibs~, the two handles;

+~Pole-ring~, the ring which secures the blade; Quinnets (1) the

+wedges which hold the rings of the nibs tight, *(2) the rings

+themselves (A.); ~Crew~, the tang of the blade, secured by the

+pole-ring to the snead.

+

+=Seed-lip=. The box in which the sower carries his seed (D.)

+(_Village Miners_). A.S. _leap_, basket, Icel. _laupr_.--N. & S.W.

+Misprinted _Seed-tip_ in Davis.

+

+=Seer!= or =Sire!= 'I say, look here!' a very usual mode of opening a

+conversation when the parties are some distance apart.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Seg=, =Sig=. Urine.--S.W.

+

+=Seg-cart=. The tub on wheels in which urine is collected from house

+to house for the use of the cloth mills.--S.W.

+

+=Sewent=, =Shewent=, =Suant=. (1) _adj._ Even, regular (A.B.C.S.),

+working smoothly. Formerly used all over the county, but now growing

+obsolete, although it is not infrequently heard still in S. Wilts.

+O.Fr. _suant_, pr. part. of _suivre_, to follow.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'A Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is evenly

+    wove and not Rowey--it is also applied in other cases to denote

+    a thing Level and even.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*(2) Demure (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'To Look Shewent, is to Look demure.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shab off=. To go off (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Shackle=. (1) A hurdle wreath or tie (S.): a twisted band of straw,

+hay, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) 'All in a shackle,' loose, disjointed

+(S.).--N. & S.W. (Devizes, Huish, Salisbury, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shaft-tide=, or =Shrift=. Shrovetide.--S.W.

+

+=Shaggle=. Of a bough, &c., to shake.--S.W.

+

+=Shakers=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking-grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shally-gallee=. Poor, flimsy (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Compare

+_Spurgally_, wretched, poor, Dors.; and _Shally-wally_, a term of

+contempt in N. of England.--N.W.

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone (_Sarum

+Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Shammock=. To shamble or shuffle along hastily.

+

+*=Shandy=. A row about nothing (S.). Probably a form of

+_Shindy_.--S.W.

+

+=Shape= (pronounced _shap_). To manage, arrange, attempt, try. 'I'll

+shap to do 't,' try to do it. Compare the similar use of _frame_ in

+some counties.--N.W. (Devizes.)

+

+=Shard=, =Shord=, =Sheard=. (1) A gap in a hedge (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough

+    th' geat.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 167.

+

+    '1636. Itm. to Robert Eastmeade for mendinge a shard in

+    Englands ijd.'--_Records of Chippenham_, p. 207.

+

+(2) A narrow passage between walls or houses; usually Shord.--S.W.

+(3) 'To put in a shard, or shord,' to bay back or turn the water in a

+meadow trench by a rough dam, such as a piece of wood or a few sods

+of turf.--N.W.

+

+(4) 'A cow-shard,' a cow-clat.

+

+*=Shares=. The cross-bars of a harrow (D.).

+

+=Sharpish=. Considerable. 'I be eighty-vive to-year, an' 'tis a

+sharpish age.'--N.W. (Huish, &c.)

+

+=Sharps=. The shafts of a cart (A.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shaul=. v. To shell nuts. Compare _Shalus_, husks (_Chron.

+Vilod._).--N.W.

+

+=Sheening=. Thrashing by machinery (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Sheep=. See _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 260; also quotation below.

+

+    'In the article of sheep what strange nomenclature! Besides the

+    intelligible names of ram, ewe, and lamb, we have wether hogs,

+    and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram tegs, and theaves, and

+    two-tooths, and four-tooths, and six-tooths. So strange is the

+    confusion that the word hog is now applied to any animal of a

+    year old, such as a hog bull, a chilver hog sheep. "Chilver" is

+    a good Anglo-Saxon word, "cylfer" [this should be "cilfer"] ...

+    a chilver hog sheep simply means, in the dialect of the Vale of

+    Warminster, a female lamb a year old.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol.

+    xvii. p. 303.

+

+*=Sheep-bed= (_Ship-bed_). When a labourer had drunk too much, he

+would 'take a ship-bed,' i.e. lie down like a sheep to sleep in a

+grass-field, till he was sober.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Sheep's-cage=. The same as ~Lamb's-cage~.--N.W.

+

+=Sheep-sleight=. See Sleight (D.). Common in Wilts (Jackson's

+_Aubrey_, p. 10).

+

+=Sheer=. Sharp, cutting. 'Uncommon sheer air s'marnin', yunnit?'--N.W.

+

+=Shekel=. (1) The old reaping sickle, now quite superseded by the

+vagging-hook. The first _e_ is long. An old labourer, on being asked

+how he used to sharpen his ancient reaping-sickle, said, 'I did allus

+use to car' a grab [crab-apple] wi' me, an' draa my shekel droo

+un,' the acid biting like aquafortis into the curiously serrated

+edge of the steel, and renewing it without injury. Farm-lads still

+sharpen their knives thus. See _Great Estate_, ch. v; also _Summer in

+Somerset_.--N.W., obsolete. (2) The fork in which 'elms' are carried

+up to the thatcher.--N.W.

+

+=Shepherds'-crowns=. Fossil _Echini_.--N.W.

+

+*=Shepherds'-pedler=. _Capsella Bursa-pastoris_, L., Shepherds' purse.

+

+=Shepherds'-Thyme=. _Polygala calcarea_, Sch., Chalk Milkwort.--S.W.

+(Salisbury, Bishopstone, Little Langford, &c.).

+

+=Shepherds'-weatherglass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet

+Pimpernel.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shewent=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Shick-shack=. See ~Shitsack~.

+

+*=Shim=. It seems. 'He's a fine fellow, shim' (A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+    'This word is rather of Glocestershire, but it is nevertheless

+    in use on the North Border of Wilts.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+*=Shimmy=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed. Reported to us

+as 'Chemise.'--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shirp=, or =Shrip=. (1) 'To shirp off,' to shred or cut off a little

+of anything.--S.W. (2) 'To shrip up,' to shroud up the lower boughs

+of roadside trees, to cut off the side twigs of a hedge or bush.--N.W.

+

+*=Shirt-buttons=. Flowers of _Stellaria Holostea_, Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shitabed=. _Leontodon Taraxacum_, L., Dandelion (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Shitsack=, or =Shitzack=. An oak-apple (H.Wr.). Oak-apple and leaf

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shitsack, or Shick-shack Day=. King Charles' day, May 29. The

+children carry ~Shitsack~, sprigs of young oak, in the morning, and

+~Powder-monkey~, or ~Even-Ash~, ash-leaves with an equal number

+of leaflets, in the afternoon. See _Wild Life_, ch. v.--N. & S.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Shivery-bivery=. All in a shake with cold or fright.--N.W.

+

+=Shog=. To sift ashes, &c., by shaking the sieve.--N.W. (Devizes,

+Huish, &c.)

+

+=Shog off=. To decamp in a hurried, stealthy, or cowardly manner

+(A.B.C.).--N.W.

+

+=Shoot=, =Shute=. (1) A young female pig of three or four months old

+(D.).--N. & S.W. (2) _Fore-shoot and Backward-shoot_, the pieces

+of wood immediately behind the coulter of a plough (D.). (3) A

+precipitous descent in a road; a steep narrow path.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shord=. See ~Shard~.

+

+=Shore=. _n._ The edge of a ditch on the meadow side (_Wild Life_,

+ch. xviii).--N.W.

+

+    'A Mearstone lyinge within the Shoore of the

+    Dyche.'--Perambulation of the Great Park of Fasterne, 1602.

+

+=Shot=, or =Shut of, to be=. To rid one's self of a thing. 'Her can't

+get shut o' thuck there vool of a bwoy.'-N. & S.W.

+

+=Shoulder, to put out the=. At Clyffe Pypard and Hilmarton it is

+customary to ask a man whose banns have been published once, 'How his

+shoulder is?'--because you have heard that it has been 'put out o'

+one side,' owing to his having 'vallen plump out o' the pulput laas'

+Zunday.' Next Sunday will 'put'n straight agean.' This implies that

+the banns were formerly published from the pulpit.--N.W.

+

+=Showl=. A shovel (A.B.D.); occasionally a spade (D.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrammed=. Chilled to the bone, benumbed, perished with cold

+(A.B.M.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'I was half-shrammed (i.e. perished with cold) on the

+    downs.--_Monthly Mag._ 1814.

+

+=Shrift=. See ~Shaft-tide~.

+

+*=Shrigging=. Hunting for apples (S.). See ~Griggles~ and

+~Scriggle~.--S.W.

+

+=Shrill=. To shudder. 'I never couldn't eat fat bacon--I do allus

+shrill at it.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Shrimps=. A particular kind of sweets.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrowd=. (1) To trim off the lower boughs of a tree (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(2) To cut a tree into a pollard. See Polly.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Shrub=. To rub along somehow, to manage to live after some sort of a

+fashion. 'I do shrub along middlin' well, when I bain't bad wi' the

+rheumatiz.' A sibilated form of _rub_.--N. & S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Shrump up=. To hunch up the shoulders. 'Don't shrump up your

+shoulders like that!'--N.W.

+

+=Shucks=. Husks of oats, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Shuffet=. To shuffle along hurriedly.--N.W.

+

+*=Shurne=. _Cacare_ (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2), Cp. A.S. _scearn_,

+dung.--Obsolete.

+

+=Shut=. (1) _v._ To join together; used of welding iron, splicing

+a rope, joining woodwork, laying turf, &c.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ The

+point of junction, as where rick is built against rick.--N. & S.W.

+(3) _adj._ See ~Shot~.

+

+=Shutleck=, =Shutlock= (S.). See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Sibilated words=. These are somewhat common in Wilts, as _Snotch_,

+notch; _Spuddle_, puddle; _Scrunch_, crunch; _Spyzon_, poison;

+_Spicter_, picture.

+

+=Sick=. 'Turnip-sick,' of land, exhausted as regards turnip-growing

+(_Great Estate_, ch. i). 'Tater-sick,' &c.--N.W.

+

+=Sideland ground=. Sloping ground on a hillside.--N.W.

+

+=Sidelong=, =Sideling=. (1) With one side higher than the other

+(_Wild Life_, ch. vi). 'I wur nigh upset, th' rwoad wur that

+sideling.'--N. & S.W. (2) Sitting _sidelong_, i.e. with the side

+towards the spectator (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).

+

+=Sig=. See ~Seg~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sight=. A quantity, as 'a sight o' vawk,' 'a main sight o'

+rain.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Sil=. Seldom. 'Sowle-grove sil lew,' February is seldom warm

+(H.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Silgreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek (_Village Miners_).

+A.S. _singrene_. See ~Sungreen~--N.W.

+

+*=Sillow=, =Sullow=, or =Sul=. A kind of plough (D.). A.S.

+_sulh_.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+    '~Sylla~, a plough, was used at Bratton within the memory of

+    persons still living. ~Sylla-foot~, or ~Zilla-fut~, was a

+    guiding piece of wood alongside of the share.'--Miss WAYLEN.

+

+*=Silver-bells=. The double Guelder-rose of gardens.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Silver-fern= or =Silver-grass=. _Potentilla Anserina_, L., which has

+fern-like silvery foliage.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sim=. _n._ A smell, as of burning wool or bone. 'That there meat hev

+got a main sim to 't.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Simbly=. To seem.--N.W.

+

+    'He've a bin and tuk dree bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll

+    be whipped if a do zimbly a bit th' better var't.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 137.

+

+=Simily=. Apparently, as 'Simily 'tis a bird.'--N.W.

+

+=Simmin=. It seems. 'Simmin to I 'tis gwain' thic way.'--N.W.

+

+=Sinful=. Excessively, as 'sinful ornary,' very ugly.--N.W.

+

+=Sinful-ordinary=. Plain to the last degree in looks.--N.W.

+

+    'I once knew a young gentleman in the Guards who was very

+    ordinary-looking--what is called in Wiltshire "sinful

+    ordinary."'--_Illust. London News_, March 23, 1889.

+

+=Singreen=. See ~Sungreen~.--S.W.

+

+=Skag, Skeg=. (1) _v._ To tear obliquely.--N.W. (2) _n._ A ragged or

+oblique tear in clothes, such as is made by a nail.--N.W.

+

+=Skeart=. To cause to glance off, as a pane of glass diverts shot

+striking it at an angle.--N.W.

+

+=Skeer=. (1) To skim lightly and quickly over a surface, barely

+touching it, as a ball does along ice.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(2) To

+mow summer-fed pastures lightly.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Skeer-devil=, =Skir-devil=. _Cypselus apus_, the Common Swift.--N.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Skewer-wood=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N.W.

+

+=Skewy=, =Skeowy=. When the sky shows streaks of windy-looking cloud,

+and the weather seems doubtful, it is said to 'look skeowy.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Compare:--

+

+    '_Skew_: thick drizzle or driving mist.'--JAGO'S _Cornish

+    Glossary_.

+

+*=Skiel=. A cooler used in brewing beer (A.B.G.H.Wr.).

+

+=Skiffley=. Showery. Perhaps from O.E. _skyfte_, to change.--S.W.

+

+=Skillet=. A round pot to hang over the fire.--N.W.

+

+=Skillin=, =Skilling=. A pent-house (A.C.S.); an outhouse or

+cow-shed. A.S. _scyldan_, to protect; Old Germ. _schillen_, to cover

+(A.). _Skillion_ is used in Australia for a small outhouse.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Skimmenton=, =Skimmenton-riding=. A serenade of rough music got up

+to express disapproval in cases of great scandal and immorality. The

+orthodox procedure in N. Wilts is as follows: the party assembles

+before the houses of the offenders, armed with tin pots and pans,

+and performs a serenade for three successive nights. Then after an

+interval of three nights the serenade is repeated for three more.

+Then another interval of the same duration and a third repetition of

+the rough music for three nights--nine nights in all. On the last

+night the effigies of the offenders are burnt. ~Housset~ is the same

+thing. The word and the custom have emigrated to America.--N.W.

+

+=Skimmer-cake=. A cake made of odd scraps of dough (S.). See

+~Skimmer-lad~.--S.W.

+

+=Skimmer-lad=. A dunch-dumpling, or piece of dough put on a skimmer

+and held in the pot while boiling.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skippet=. The long-handled ladle used for filling a water-cart,

+emptying a hog-tub, &c.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Skipping-ropes=. Sprays of _Clematis Vitalba_, L., Traveller's

+Joy.--S.W. (Bishopstone.)

+

+=Skit=. A passing shower (_Great Estate_, ch. i).--N.W.

+

+*=Skive=. To shave or slice (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p.

+113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Skram=. See ~Scram~.

+

+=Skug, Sqwug=. A squirrel. 'I say, there's a skug! Let's have a

+cock-shot at him with your squailer.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slack=. Impudence, cheek (S.). 'I'll ha' none o' your slack!'--S.W.

+

+=Slammock=, =Slummock=. A slattern. ~Slammick~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slan=. A sloe (A.). A.S. _slan_, pl. of _sla_, sloe.--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+    'Those eyes o' yourn be as black as slans.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    81.

+

+=Slang-up=, or =Slang-uppy=. Untidy, slatternly.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Slat=. (1) _v._ To split or crack (A.B.S.). 'Thuc plate's slat.'--N.

+& S.W. (2) _n._ A crack. 'What a girt slat thur is in un.'--N. & S.W.

+(3) _n._ A slate (A.). 'Thur's a slat blowed off.'--N.W.

+

+=Slay=. See ~Sleight~.

+

+=Sleek=. (1) _adj._ Slippery. 'The rwoad's terrible sleek.'--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Sleet.--N.W.

+

+=Sleight=, =Slay=. (1) _v._ To pasture sheep on the downs (D.).--N.W.

+(2) _n._ Sheep-sleight, a sheep-down (D.); a pasture good for

+sheep.--N.W.

+

+=Slent=. (1) _v._ To tear (S.). 'I've a bin an' slent ma

+yeppurn.'--S.W. (2) _n._ A tear or rent in clothes.--S.W.

+

+=Slewed=, =Slewy=. Drunk (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Slickit=. (1) A long thin slice (not a curly shaving) of wood

+(_Village Miners_).--N.W. (Berks bord.) (2) 'A slickit of a girl,' a

+young undeveloped girl (_Ibid._).--N.W. (Berks bord.) Cp. _Slacket_,

+slim, Cornw.

+

+=Slide=. The cross-bar on the tail of the fore-carriage of a waggon.

+See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+=Slip=. To shed. Of a horse, to shed its coat.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Slippetty-sloppetty=. Draggle-tailed, slovenly. 'I never zeed zich a

+slippetty-sloppetty wench in aal my barn days.'--N.W.

+

+=Slire=. _v._ To look askance or out of the corners of your eye at

+anything.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    '"Why should you suspect him?" "Aw, a' be a bad 'un; a' can't

+    look 'ee straight in the face; a' sort of slyers [looks

+    askance] at 'ee."'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+*=Slize=. To look sly (A.B.H.Wr.). To look askance at any one.--N.W.

+

+=Slocks=. See ~Slox~.

+

+=Slocks about=. To go about in an untidy slatternly way.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Sloe=. In S. Wilts, about Salisbury, the large fruit is known as

+Sloes or Slues, and the small as Snags; in N. Wilts, at Huish,

+~Sl[)o]ns~ are large and ~Hedge-speaeks~ small, while at Clyffe Pypard

+the same terms are used, but the latter is not confined to the small

+fruit. At Cherhill ~Hilps~ and ~Picks~ are the names. ~Slues~ is used

+in both N. and S. Wilts, and ~Sl[)o]ns~ or ~Sl[)a]ns~ in N. Wilts.

+

+=Slommakin=. _adj._ Of females, untidy, slatternly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+(Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+*=Sloop=. To change (A.H.Wr.). Perhaps a perversion of _slew_, or a

+misreading of _swop_ in badly written MS.

+

+=Slop about=. To shuffle about in a slipshod slovenly fashion.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Sloppet=. (1) _v._ The same as Slop about.--N.W.

+

+    'He "sloppets" about in his waistcoat and

+    shirt-sleeves.'--_Hodge and his Masters_, ch. xxiii.

+

+*(2) _v._ Applied to a rabbit's peculiar gait, and the manner in

+which it wears away and covers with sand the grass near its bury

+(_Amateur Poacher_, ch. ii).

+

+=Slouse=. To splash about, as a horse or dog does in water.--N.W.

+

+*=Sloven's year=. A wonderfully prosperous season, when even the bad

+farmer has good crops (_Great Estate_, ch. viii).

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. To waste, to pilfer from employers

+(A.B.C.H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Slummock=. See ~Slammock~.

+

+=Sly=. 'A sly day' looks bright and pleasant, but the air has a chill

+nip in it. 'Sly cold' is the treacherous kind of cold raw weather

+that was very prevalent during the influenza epidemic two or three

+years ago.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Smaak=. _n._ 'Aal in a smaak,' quite rotten; used of potatoes.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Smarm=. To bedaub. 'Don't smarm me aal auver wi' they dirty paws o'

+yourn.' ~Smaam~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smart=. A second swarm of bees.--N.W.

+

+=Smart=, =Smartish=, _adj._ Considerable (H.), as 'a smartish lot o'

+vawk.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Smeech=. Dust.--S.W. (Salisbury, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+=Smeechy=. Dusty.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+*=Smicket=. A smock or shift (A.).

+

+=Smother=. A weed and rubbish fire in a garden.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snag=, =Snaig=. (1) A badly shaped or decayed tooth; often used of a

+child's first teeth.--N.W. (2) Fruit of the sloe, q.v. (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Snag-bush=. _Prunus spinosa_, L., the Sloe (_Miss Plues_).

+

+=Snake-fern=. _Pteris aquilina_, L., Bracken.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Snake-flower=. (1) _Verbascum nigrum_, L., Black Mullein. Children

+are cautioned not to gather it, because a snake may be hiding under

+the leaves.--S.W. (Salisbury.) (2) _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W. (Barford.)

+

+*=Snake's-head=. _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Zeals, Hill Deverill, &c.)

+

+*=Snake-skin Willow=. _Salix triandra_, L., so called because it

+sheds its bark (_Great Estate_, ch. v).

+

+*=Snake's-victuals=. _Arum maculatum_, L. Cuckoo-pint.--N.W.

+

+    'In August ... she found the arum stalks, left alone without

+    leaves, surrounded with berries.... This noisome fruit ...

+    was "snake's victuals," and ... only fit for reptile's

+    food.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+=Snap=. A trap, as _Mouse-snap_, _Wont-snap_.--N. & S.W.,

+occasionally.

+

+=Snaps, Snap-jacks=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater

+Stitchwort.--S.W.

+

+*=Snap-willow=. _Salix fragilis_, L., from its brittleness (_Great

+Estate_, ch. v).

+

+=Snead=, =Snaith=. The pole of a scythe (A.). A.S. _sn'aed_.--N.W.

+

+=Snig=. A small eel.--S.W.

+

+=Sniggle=. (1) To snigger.--S.W. (2) 'To sniggle up,' to toady or

+endeavour to ingratiate yourself with any one.--S.W.

+

+*=Sniggling=. 'A sniggling frost,' a slight frost that just makes the

+grass crisp.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Snig-pot=. An eel-trap.--S.W.

+

+=Snippy=. Mean, stingy.

+

+=Snivett=. A newt. Perhaps a sibilated form of _Evet_.--N.W.

+

+=Snop=. (1) _v._ To hit smartly, as in chipping a stone.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _n._ A smart blow (S.), as 'A snop on the yead.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snotter-gall=. The yew-berry, probably from its slimy pulp.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Snotty=. (1) 'A snotty frost,' a slight crisp rime frost.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) (2) Nasty, dirty, mean.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snowball-tree=. The double Guelder-rose. ~Snowballs~, its

+blossoms.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snow-blunt=. A slight snowstorm.--N. & S.W. See ~Blunk~.

+

+=Snow-in-harvest=, or =Snow-in-summer=. _Cerastium tomentosum_,

+L.--S.W.

+

+=Snowl=. (1) _n._ A large piece of anything (S.). 'Gie I a good snowl

+o' bread, mother!'--N. & S.W. *(2) _n._ The head.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Snow-on-the-mountains=. (1) _Saxifraga granulata_, L., White Meadow

+Saxifrage.--S.W. (2) White Cress.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Snuff-rag=. A pocket-handkerchief (S.).--N. & S.W. (Lockeridge, &c.)

+Also used formerly at Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Sobbled=. Soddened, soaked with wet (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Soce=. Friends; addressed to the company generally, as 'Well, soce,

+an' how be ye all to-day?'--N.W. (Malmesbury.) Very rarely heard in

+Wilts, but common in Dev. and Som. It is probably a relic of _Socii_,

+as used by monkish preachers. In the old ghost-story in Jefferies'

+_Goddard Memoir_ (see Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 555),

+the use of the word _soas_ (there spelt _source_) by one of the

+characters is alluded to in such a way as to show that it was looked

+on as a curious peculiarity of his. See _W. Somerset Words_.

+

+=Sod-apple=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb, from

+its smell when crushed.--N.W.

+

+    'Willow herb ... country folk call it the sod-apple, and say

+    the leaves crushed in the fingers have something of the scent

+    of apple-pie.'--_Great Estate_, ch. ii.

+

+*=Soft-tide=. The three days next before Lent (_Wilts Arch. Mag._

+vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Sog=. Soft boggy ground (S.).--N. & S.W. (Malmesbury, &c.)

+

+=Sogging-wet=. Soaked.--N.& S.W.

+

+=Soldiers=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Soldiers'-buttons=. _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W. (Hamptworth.)

+

+=Soldiers-sailors-tinkers-tailors=. _Lolium perenne_, L.--S.W.

+

+=Souse=. 'Pigs'-sousen,' pigs'-ears.--N.W. (Malmesbury, Clyffe

+Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Sow-flower=. _Sonchus oleraceus_, L., Sowthistle.--(Lyneham.)

+

+*=Sowle-grove=. February. (A.H.Wr.)--Obsolete.

+

+    'The shepherds and vulgar people in South Wilts call Februarie

+    "_sowlegrove_," and have this proverb of it:--"Soulgrove

+    sil lew,"--February is seldome warme--sil _pro_ seld,

+    seldome.'--AUBREY, _Anecdotes_, Camden Society, cxlvii.

+

+=Spade=. The congealed gum of the eye (A.B.). Also ~Spady~ in N.

+Wilts. A.S. _sped_, phlegm.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+*=Spances=. 'Raves or sides, spances, compose the waggon-bed' (D.).

+

+=Spanky=. Showy, dashing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Spar=. In thatching, the 'elms' are fastened down with 'spicks'

+or 'spars,' split hazel rods, pointed at both ends, and bent into

+hairpin shape, with a twist just at the bend to give them a tendency

+when fixed to spring outwards, and so hold faster.--S.W.

+

+=Sparked, Sparky=. Of cattle, mottled or of two colours (D.); pied,

+variegated (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'One of the earliest indictments on the roll of the Hilary

+    Sessions [Wilts], 1603-4, tells of _quatuor vaccas quar'

+    due color sparked et una alia coloris rubri et altera color

+    browne_.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 225-6.

+

+=Sparked-grass=. _Phalaris arundinacea_, L., Striped

+Ribbon-grass.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+*=Spawl=. A chip or splinter from a stone.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Spear=. (1) _n._ A stalk of reed-grass (S.).--N.W. (2) _v._ See

+~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spend=. To turn out. 'How do your taters spend to-year?'--N.W.

+

+=Spick=. (1) In thatching, the same as ~Spar~.--S.W. (2) Lavender.

+~Spick~ (Som. bord.), and ~Spike~ (Hants bord.).--S.W.

+

+=Spikenard=. (1) Lavender.--N.W., occasionally. (2) _Anthoxanthum

+odoratum_, L., Sweet Vernal-grass.--N.W. (Bromham.)

+

+=Spill=. (1) The long straight stalk of a plant.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+*(2) 'To run to spill,' to run to seed.--N.W. (Malmesbury.) *(3)

+Hence, figuratively, to be unproductive.--N.W. (Malmesbury,

+occasionally.)

+

+=Spit, Spet=. (1) _n._ 'The very spit of his father,' his very image

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 31). Cf. _Spit_, to lay eggs (_Skeat_). Just

+like (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To spit up the ground,' to work the

+surface lightly over.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Splash=. Commoner form of ~Plash~, q.v.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-fig=. A short-weight grocer (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sploach=. To splutter (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Sprack=. (1) Lively, active (A.B.C.S.); also ~Sprag~ (B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'That's a sprack mare o' yourn.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 68.

+

+(2) Intelligent, quick (A.C.).--N. & S.W.

+

+    'He had picked up a few words and phrases with which he

+    sometimes "bothered" his neighbours, who thought Jem "a mortal

+    sprack chap"; but in truth he was a great fool.'--_Wilts

+    Tales_, p. 65.

+

+=Sprank=. A sprinkling of anything. 'There be a good sprank o' fruit

+to-year.' Also used in Somerset.--N.W. (Mildenhall.)

+

+*=Sprawing=. A sweetheart. This word is given for Wilts by Britton,

+Akerman, Halliwell, Wright, and others, but should be treated as a

+'ghost-word,' and struck out of our glossaries. In _Cunnington MS._

+it is written as ~Sprawny~, q.v., but Britton when transcribing from

+that source would appear to have misread it as _Sprawing_, probably

+not being himself acquainted with the word, while Akerman and others

+must simply have taken it blindly on his authority.

+

+*=Sprawny=. A sweetheart (_Cunnington MS._). A variant of _Sprunny_.

+See note on ~Sprawing~. A male sweetheart in Glouc.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Whipped to some purpose will thy sprunny be.'--COLLINS,

+    _Miscellanies_, 1762.

+

+=Spreader=. The thin pole or bar which keeps the traces apart _(Wilts

+Tales_, p. 173).--N.W.

+

+*=Spreath=, =Spreeth=. Active, nimble, able (A.B.H.Wr.). 'He is a

+spreeth young fellow' (B.).

+

+=Spreathed=. Of the skin, roughened or chapped by cold (B.S.)

+Spreazed (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spreyed=. Of the skin, roughened by cold, but not chapped. Spryed on

+Som. bord.--S.W.

+

+=Spring=. Of a cow, to show signs of calving.--N.W.

+

+=Spring-dag=. A chilblain. Cf. _Dag_, a twinge of pain.--S.W.

+

+=Spring-flower=. The garden Polyanthus.--N.W.

+

+=Spuddle=. (1) _v._ To stir about (A.B.), to fuss about at doing

+trifles. 'He's allus a-spuddling about like, but there yen't nothen

+to show for 't ses I.'--N.W. (2) v. To make a mess (S.). A sibilated

+form of _puddle_.--S.W.

+

+=Spudgel=. A wooden scoop (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Spuds=. Potatoes (S.). Perhaps introduced by Irish harvesters.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Spur=. See ~Spurl~.--S.W.

+

+=Spurl=. To spread dung about the fields (S.). Also ~Spear~, ~Spur~,

+and ~Spurdle~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Spurling-boards=. Boards set to prevent the corn from flying out of

+the threshing-floor (D.).

+

+=Spur-stone=. A projecting stone, set in the ground as a support to a

+post, or to protect anything near the roadway (_Bevis_, ch. v).

+

+*=Squab=. The youngest or weakest bird of a brood or pig of a litter

+(A.). The 'darling' of a litter.--N.W. (Lockeridge.)

+

+=Squail=, =Sqwoil=. (1) To throw (A.H.S.); used of sticks, not

+stones.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'In the orchard Bevis and Mark squailed at the pears with short

+    sticks.'--_Bevis_, ch. xvi.

+

+    'They would like to squail a stick at his high and ancient

+    hat.'--_Ibid._ ch. xvi.

+

+(2) _Fig._ To do a thing awkwardly (H.), as 'Her went up the street

+a squailing her arms about.'--N.W. *(3) Cock-squoilin, throwing at

+cocks at Shrovetide (A.).--Obsolete. Bird-squoilin, killing birds

+with stones (S.). (4) Of a candle, to gutter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squailer=, =Squale=, =Squoile=. A stick or loaded cane, used by boys

+for throwing at apples, rabbits, squirrels, &c.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The handle of a "squailer" projected from Orion's coat-pocket.

+    For making a squailer a tea-cup was the best mould:... A ground

+    ash sapling with the bark on, about as thick as the little

+    finger, pliant and tough, formed the shaft, which was about

+    fifteen inches long. This was held upright in the middle of

+    a tea-cup, while the mould was filled with molten lead. It

+    soon cooled, and left a heavy conical knob on the end of the

+    stick. If rightly thrown it was a deadly missile, and would fly

+    almost as true as a rifle ball. A rabbit or leveret could thus

+    be knocked over; and it was peculiarly adapted for fetching a

+    squirrel out of a tree, because, being so heavy at one end, it

+    rarely lodged on the boughs, as an ordinary stick would, but

+    overbalanced and came down.'--_Amateur Poacher_, ch. iii.

+

+    'The "squaler" came into use very early in the school's

+    history, and was for years almost as much a part of the

+    ordinary equipment of a Marlborough boy as a cricket-bat would

+    now be. To later generations the very name probably conveys no

+    meaning. The weapon itself was simple enough, though extremely

+    formidable. It consisted of a piece of lead something the shape

+    and about the size of a pear, with a cane handle about eighteen

+    inches long. A squaler could be thrown a great distance and

+    with terrific force, and at short ranges by the practised hands

+    of the Marlburians of those days with great accuracy. Its

+    ostensible purpose was squirrel-hunting, as the name suggests

+    [No, it is not a contraction of "squirreller," but is from

+    _squail_, to throw.--_G.E.D._], but it came in handy for the

+    larger quarry which the more adventurous tribes pursued and

+    slew, such as rabbits, hares, and very frequently even deer.

+    It lingered on as an article of local sale till the middle of

+    the sixties; but ... was made contraband, and finally died

+    out.'--_History of Marlborough College_, ch. ix. p. 94.

+

+    'To make a squailer you provide yourself with an eighteen-inch

+    length of half-inch cane, two inches of which you sheath with

+    tow and then insert in a ladle of molten lead. There you

+    manipulate it in such sort that there is presently left to

+    cool at the end of your cane a pear-shaped lump of lead of

+    the weight experience has shown you to be proper. With this

+    weapon an adept can bring down a squirrel from on high, or

+    stop one on the level at five-and-twenty yards, almost to a

+    certainty.'--W. F. WALLER in _Notes & Queries_, 8th series, ii.

+    p. 197. 'Another Marlborough mode of making it is to pour the

+    melted lead into a cone composed of many folds of well-wetted

+    paper, tied round the slightly notched upper end of the cane or

+    ground ash.'--G. E. DARTNELL in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. p.

+    257. Also see various letters in _N. & Q._, 8th series, ii. pp.

+    149, 197, 257. Squailers were in use at the Grammar school as

+    well as at the College, up to about 1867.

+

+=Squailing=. Clumsy, badly, or irregularly shaped, as 'a squailing

+loaf,' 'a squailing sort of a town,' &c. (H.).--N.W.

+

+=Square=. Thatching is paid by the 'square,' which is 100 square

+feet.--N.W.

+

+=Squat=. See ~Squot~.

+

+=Squeak-Thrush=. The Missel Thrush.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Squeeze-belly=. A V-shaped stile.--N.W.

+

+=Squelch=, =Squelp=. (1) _adv._ 'A vell down squelch,' he fell

+heavily (A.B.).--N.W. (2) _v._ To squash to pieces, as a heavy stone

+would an egg.--N.W.

+

+=Squinney=. (1) _v._ 'To squinney round,' to peep about.--S.W.

+(2) _n._ 'Squinney-hole,' a peep-hole. Sometimes also used of a

+hagioscope in a church.--S.W.

+

+=Squish=. (1) _v._ Of soft or boggy ground, to give under foot with

+the peculiar spirt and sound that denote a water-logged condition.

+'The rwoad wer squishing under I ael the waay to 'Vize.'--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ Of mud, to spirt and splash up as it does in a boggy place.

+'It wer main hocksey, an' the muck squished up ael over I, purty nigh

+up to my eyes.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Squishey=. _adj._ Soft, wet, swampy.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughing engine be stuck fast up to the axle, the land be

+    so soft and squishey.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vii.

+

+=Squoil=. See ~Squail~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Squot= or =Squat=. (1) n. A bruise (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--N.W. (2)

+_v._ To bruise or crush (S.), as 'I've bin an' squot my thumb.' To

+bruise by compression (B.).--N.W.

+

+=Sqwawk=. To squall out as a hen does when pulled off the nest.--N.W.

+

+=Stabble=. v. Of ground, to poach up by continual treading, as near

+a field gateway (_Village Miners_). Children are always 'stabbling

+about' indoors, making a mess and litter.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stack=. 'A stack of elms'=either one score or two score of

+'elms.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Staddles=, =Staddle-stones=. The pillars on which a rick stands

+(A.B.S.). Cf. ~Stavel~ (~Steevil~ in S.W.). A.S. staethol.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stael=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stag=, =Steg=. A rent in clothes.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Staid=. Of mature age, elderly (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stake-and-ether-hedge=. A wattled fence. See ~Ether~.--N.W.

+

+=Stale=, =Stael=, or =Steale=. The long handle of any husbandry tool

+(A.B.). A.S. _stel_ (in compounds).--N.W.

+

+    'A was as lang and as lane as a rake-stael.'--_Wilts Tales_, p.

+    177.

+

+    'The peculiar broad-headed nail which fastens the mop to the

+    stout ashen "steale," or handle.'--_Wild Life_, ch. iv.

+

+*=Standing=, =Stannin=. A stall or small booth at a fair. ~Stannen~

+(S.).--S.W.

+

+=Star-flower=. (1) _Potentilla Tormentilla_, Sibth., Tormentil.--S.W.

+(Barford.) (2) _Lysimachia nemorum_, L., Wood Loosestrife.--S.W.

+(Barford.)

+

+=Stark=. _v._ To dry up. 'The ground is got so stark--you see the hot

+sun after the rain did stark the top on't.'--N.W. (Hilmarton.)

+

+=Starky=. (1) Stiff, dry (A.B.). Shrivelled up, as applied to

+things.--N.W. (2) Shrivelled and wasted by ill-health.--N.W.

+

+*=Stars=. _Campanula glomerata_, L., Clustered Bellflower.--N.W.

+(Enford.)

+

+=Start=. (1) An outing or pleasure-party. 'Wher be th' missus, Bill?'

+'Whoy, off on a bit of a start.'--S.W. (2) A 'go.' 'That's a rum

+start, yun' it?'--N.W.

+

+=Starve=. (1) _v._ 'To starve with cold,' to be extremely cold;

+to cause anything to be cold. Chiefly used in past participle, as

+'starved wi' th' cowld,' perished with cold. A.S. _steorfan_, to

+die. 'My old man he do starve I at nights wi' the cowld, 'cause

+he got a crooked leg, and he do sort o' cock un up 'snaw, and the

+draaft do get in under the bed-claus, and I be fairly starved wi' the

+cowld.'--N. & S.W. (2) See ~Bird-starving~.--N.W.

+

+*=Stavel-barn=. A barn on stone pillars (Agric. Survey). See

+~Staddles~.

+

+=Steale=. See ~Stale~.

+

+=Stean=. (1) _v._ To 'stone,' or cover a path or road with gravel or

+small stones.--N.W. (2) 'To stean a well,' to line its sides with

+stone (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Steaner=. The man who lays the second and inner rows of sheaves in

+building a wheat rick.--N.W.

+

+=Steanin=. (1) A road made with small stones (A.).--N.W. (2) The

+built-up portion of a well.--S.W. See ~Stean~.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _n._ The tang which fastens anything; the ring of a

+button, &c.--N.W. (2) _n._ The small iron rod, on the head of which

+the cappence of the old-fashioned flail played.--N.W. (3) _n._ A

+young ox. Apparently _steer_, with _t_ excrescent.--N.W.

+

+=Steer=. The starling. A form of _Stare_.--N.W.

+

+=Steip=. See ~Stipe~.

+

+=Stem=. A period of time (A.H.S.), as 'a stem o' dry weather.' Work

+on the roads, &c., is done 'on the stem,' or 'by the stem.' A.S.

+_stemn_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stepple=. A hoof-mark (_Village Miners_). Cf. ~Stabble~.--N.W.

+

+=Stewer=, =Stour=, =Sture=. Fuss, commotion.--S.W.

+

+=Stew up=. To tidy up.--S.W.

+

+=Stick=. To decorate with evergreens, &c. 'We allus sticks th' Church

+at Christmas,'--the decorations formerly consisting only of sprigs of

+holly stuck into holes in the backs of the pews.--N.W.

+

+=Stickle=. To stick. 'They're as thick as they can stickle on

+it.'--S.W.

+

+=Stick-up=. _v._ To make the first tentative advances towards

+courtship.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+    'I've bin a-stickin' up to another young ooman this summer, wi'

+    a view to keepin' comp'ny wi' she.'--_Dark_, ch. xv.

+

+=Stipe=. 'The stipe o' the hill,' the steepest part.--N.W.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. A dozen and a half of 'elms' (H.Wr.). '_Steip of

+helms_, eighteen helms: Wilts.'--Holloway's _Dict._--S.W.

+

+=Stived up=. Shut up in a warm close place. Fighting cocks were

+formerly kept warm in a 'stive,' or kind of straw basket like a hive,

+whilst waiting their turn to fight.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoach=. To plant potatoes with a 'stoacher.' In some counties

+_stoach_=poach, to trample into holes.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Stoacher=. 'A tater stoacher,' a thick stake, with projecting notch

+on which the foot is placed to drive the sharpened point into the

+ground. The potatoes are dropped into the holes so made.--N.W.

+

+=Stobball-play=. An old game, played with a withy-staff and a small

+ball, stuffed full of quills, said by Aubrey (_Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 117, ed. Brit.) to be peculiar to North Wilts, North Gloucester,

+and the neighbourhood of Bath; but probably a form of _stool-ball_

+(H.Wr.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Illegal games ... mentioned are ... hand-ball, foot-ball,

+    and stave-ball or "stobball"; (_pilum manualem, pedalem,

+    sive baculinam_), "nine-holes" and "kittles."'--_On the

+    Self-government of Small Manorial Communities, as exemplified

+    in the Manor of Castle Combe.--Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. iii. p.

+    156.

+

+=Stodge=. (1) _n._ Substantial food.--N.W. (2) _v._ To stuff

+gluttonously. ~Stodged~, quite unable to cram down another

+morsel.--N.W.

+

+=Stodgy=. _adj._ Of food, causing a feeling of repletion.--N.W.

+

+=Stogged=. Stuck in the mud, bogged (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Stoggy=. Wet and sticky; used of ground that 'stogs' you, or in

+which you get 'stogged.'--N.W.

+

+=Stomachy=. _adj._ Unbending (S.). Obstinate, headstrong,

+self-willed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stone-bruise=. A kind of corn on the foot. In an American

+trouting-yarn in _Fishing Gazette_, December 17, 1892, p. 429, the

+following occurs:--

+

+    'It's just the age for "stone-bruises" in a boy, and he must

+    have a pair of shoes any way.'

+

+*=Stone-osier=. _Salix purpurea_, L. (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Stop=. A hole in the ground--not in a hedgerow, but a few yards

+away, or on cultivated ground--where the doe rabbit has her young;

+said to be from her 'stopping' or covering it over when she leaves

+it. Also used in Hants.--N.W., common.

+

+=Storm-cock=. _Turdus viscivorus_, Missel Thrush (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 129).--S.W.

+

+=Stout=. The gadfly (A.B.). 'They stowuts be so terrifyin'.'--N.W.

+

+=Stowl=. (1) _n._ The root of a timber-tree left in the ground after

+felling (A.B.C.); the stump of a bush or tree, in hedge or copse, cut

+off low down so as to form a stock from which underwood may spring

+(C.D.S.).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To stowl out,' to shoot out thickly,

+as a bush cut off low down, or wheat which has been fed off when

+young.--N.W.

+

+=Strafe=. To wander about.--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Strapper=. An Irish harvester or tramping labourer.--N.W.

+

+=Strawberry-leaved Geranium=. _Saxifraga sarmentosa_, L. See ~Hanging

+Geranium~.--S.W.

+

+=Strick=. See ~Strike~.

+

+*=Strickle=. See ~Stritch~.

+

+*=Striddling=. The right to lease fallen apples after the gathering

+in of the crop. Cf. ~Griggling~.

+

+=Strike=, =Strick=. To slip up; to slip and swing out as a vehicle

+does when turning a corner fast on a slippery road. 'Her stricked up

+on thuck there slide, an' come down vlop.'--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Strim-strum=. _adj._ Unmusical (S.).--S.W.

+

+*=Stripe=. A fool, a simpleton (H.Wr.). Probably a mistake for

+~Stupe~.

+

+=Strip-up=. _v._ To shroud the lower part of a tree, as is usually

+done with hedgerow timber at intervals.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Stritch=, =Strickle=. A piece of wood used for striking off the

+surplus grain from a corn measure. A.S. _stricol_.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+*=Strommelling=. *(1) Awkward, ungainly (A.B.H.). *(2) Unruly

+(A.B.H.), as 'a strommellin' child.'

+

+=Strong=. 'Strong a-dying,' at the point of death.--N.W.

+

+*=Strouter=. A strut or support in the side of a waggon (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Stub=. (1) _n._ A stump of a tree; a projecting root.--N. & S.W.

+(2) _v._ In walking, to strike the foot against a stub or projecting

+root.--N.W. *(3) _v._ 'To stub off,' to cut off a bush or tree close

+to the ground (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. x). (4) 'Stubs,' stubble, as

+_wheat-stubs, barley-stubs_ (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Stubbed=. A 'stubbed' broom is one much worn down by use, as opposed

+to a new one.--S.W.

+

+*=Stuck=. A spike (A.).

+

+=Stud=. _v._ To ponder over, think about. 'Don't 'ee stud upon 't so

+much.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Studdle=. To stir up water so as to make it thick and muddy.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Studdly=, =Stoddly=. Thick, as beer before it settles after

+moving.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+*=Stultch=. A crutch, a boy's stilt (_MS. Lansd._ 1033, f. 2).

+(H.Wr.). Stelch in Glouc.--Obsolete.

+

+=Stun=. _v._ To cause to make no growth. 'Grass was stunned in its

+growth this season' (1892).--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Potterne, &c.)

+

+=Sture=. See ~Stewer~.

+

+=Suant=. See ~Sewent~.

+

+=Succour=. (1) _n._ Shelter; a sheltered place. A tender plant is set

+'in the succour of the wall'; and cattle on a cold wet day get 'in

+the succour of the hedge.' ''Tes gwain' to rain, for the wind's down

+in the succours,' i.e. hollows and sheltered places generally. On

+bleak parts of the Downs the cottages are mostly to be found in the

+succours.--N.W. (Huish, Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+    'Goddard the elder being a copyholder of lands in Eylden within

+    the Manner of Ogburne near adjoyning to His Majesties Chace

+    being a place that in winter time was a special and usual

+    succour for preserving the breed of young deer belonging to the

+    Chace.'--Extract from _Bond_ v. _Goddard and others_, 1636. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiii. p. 259.

+

+(2) _v._ To shelter. An old-fashioned bonnet is said to 'succour' the

+ears. A cold wind cuts up cabbages, except where they are 'succoured'

+by bushes or walls.--N.W.

+

+=Suck-blood=. The Common Leech. ~Zuckblood~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Suffer=. To punish, to make to suffer. 'I'll suffer you, you young

+rascal!'--N.W.

+

+*=Suffy=. To draw a deep and quick breath.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Sugar-codlins=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy

+Willow-herb.--N.W.

+

+=Suggy=. Wood that is soaked with wet is said to be 'suggy.' See

+~Sog~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Suity=. Even, regular (A.B.).

+

+*=Sultedge=. A coarse apron, worn by poor women (A.B.C.). ~Sultredge~

+(H.Wr.). By which is probably intended that the apron is made of

+_sultedge_, or a kind of coarse sheeting.--N.W.

+

+*=Summer field=. See quotation.

+

+    'In the four-field system, where the clover is sown the second

+    year, and mowed the third, the field becomes in the fourth year

+    what is called, in Wiltshire, a summer field.'--_Agric. of

+    Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+*=Summer ground=. See quotation.

+

+    'A custom upon two farms ... of feeding six oxen through the

+    full range of all the summer ground belonging to the hither

+    Beversbrook ... being the Home Close, the Middle Marsh, the

+    Course Marsh, the Upper Lease, and Brewer's Lease; through the

+    full range likewise of such summer grounds as belong to the

+    yonder Beversbrook to be put in at Mortimers Gate and to feed

+    to Burfurlong Corner, through all the afore mentioned grounds

+    from the third of May to Michaelmas.'--_Hilmarton Parish

+    Terrier_, 1704. See _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+=Summer rick=. A windmow, or very large cock of hay, thrown up in the

+field, to remain there some time (_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+=Summers= or =Bed-summers=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+=Summer Snipe=. _Totanus hypoleucos_, Common Sandpiper.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Sungreen=. _Sempervivum tectorum_, L., Houseleek. Occasionally

+Singreen in S. Wilts, and Silgreen in N. Wilts. A.S. _singrene_.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Swaft=. Thirst (H.Wr.). Probably from Fr. _soif_.

+

+*=Swank=. To work in a slow lazy fashion, to idle. 'Her bain't no

+good for _your_ place, ma'am, her do go swanking about so over her

+work.'--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+*=Swankey=. *(1) _adj._ Boisterous, swaggering, strutting

+(A.B.H.Wr.). *(2) _n._ Weak beer; drink (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Swash=, =Swosh=. (1) _n._ A torrent or great rush of water.--N.W.

+

+    'A man in answer to my question of _how_ the rain seemed to

+    fall, said, "It came down in _swashes_," and I think it may

+    also be said that occasionally the wind came in _swashes_

+    too.'--_The Great Wiltshire Storm, Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. vi.

+    p. 380.

+

+(2) _v._ To swill out. 'I've bin swoshing out the back-kitchin.'--N.W.

+

+*=Sweeps=. _Hypericum calycinum_, L., Large-flowered St. John's

+Wort.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Sweet-briar=. The young succulent suckers of any rose, which are

+peeled and eaten by children.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Sweeten=. Some land requires _sweetening_, or chalking, to take out

+the acidity, before it will bear barley (_Agric. Survey_).

+

+=Sweethearts=. _Galium Aparine_, L., Goosegrass, because its burs

+have such an affectionate way of clinging to one.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Swilter=. To smoulder away to ashes, without breaking into flame

+(A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Swittle=. To cut or whittle (A.H.Wr.).

+

+=Sythe=. To sigh (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+

+=T=. _Thr_, at the beginning of a word, is usually sounded as _dr_,

+as _draish_, _dree_. After liquids _d_ or _t_ will often be added, as

+_varmint_, vermin; _sarment_, sermon; _steart_, a steer; _dillard_,

+thiller. _F_ and _v_ sometimes become _th_, as _thetches_ for fitches

+or vetches. _Th_ will also occasionally become _Ss_, as _lattermass_,

+latter-math. Conversely, _Ss_ rarely becomes _th_, as _moth_, moss.

+

+=Tack=. (1) A shelf, as _chimney-tack_ (A.B.C.).--N.W. (2) Pasture

+for horses and cattle (A.B.).--N.W. (3) 'Out to tack,' at agistment,

+applied to cattle that are put out to keep by the week or month.--N.W.

+

+=Tackle=. Stuff, any material, as food, solid or liquid (A.). 'This

+here yale be oncommon good tackle'; or dress material, 'Haven't 'ee

+got any gingham tackle?' (_Great Estate_, ch. iv). Also used of food

+for cattle.--N.W.

+

+    'Thaay [the sheep] be goin' into th' Mash to-morrow.... We be

+    got shart o' keep.... Thur's a main sight o' tackle in the Mash

+    vor um.'--_Green Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+=Taffety=. Dainty in eating (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tag=. (1) When a lawn-mower or barrow is too heavy for one man to

+manage alone, a rope is attached for a boy to draw by, who is said to

+'pull tag.'--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) _n._ A game played by boys.

+One touches another, saying _Tag!_ and the touched person has then

+to run after and touch another, who becomes _Tag_ in his turn.--N. &

+S.W. *(3) _v._ To tease, to torment (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tail=. (1) _n._ The whole skirt of a woman's dress. 'Hev 'ee got

+ar' a owld taail to gie I, Miss?'--N. & S.W. (2) 'Seconds' of

+flour (_Great Estate_, ch. vi); also ~Tailing-flour~.--N.W. (3)

+~Tail-ends~ or ~Tailings~. Refuse wheat, not saleable in market, kept

+for consumption on the farm (A.B.G.); also ~Tail~, ~Tailing-wheat~,

+and ~Tailens~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tail Pole=. See ~Waggon~.

+

+*=Take=. _n._ The sciatica (Aubrey's _Wilts MS._).--Obsolete.

+

+=Take up=. Of weather, to become fine.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tallet=, =Tallot=. A hay-loft over a stable (A.B.G.S.). Welsh

+_taflod_.--N. & S.W. See _N. & Q._ 8th Ser. iv. 450, &c.

+

+*=Tamed=. 'By that time the ground will be tamed.' Said in Lisle's

+_Husbandry_ to be a Wilts agricultural term, but not there explained.

+

+=Tan=. _Then_ is so pronounced in such phrases as _Now'-an'-Tan_ and

+_Twitch-an'-Tan_.

+

+=Tang=. (1) 'To tang the bell,' to pull it (A.).--N.W. (2) 'To

+tang bees,' to follow a swarm, beating a fire-shovel or tin pan

+(A.).--N.W. (3) _v._ To make a noise (S.).--S.W. (4) _n._ A small

+church bell is a ~Ting-Tang~.--N.W.

+

+=Tankard=. A sheep-bell.--N.W. It is said that the whole of the

+'tankards' in use in England are made at Great Cheverell.

+

+    'Hilary ... turned back, remarking, "It's Johnson's flock; I

+    know the tang of his tankards." The flat-shaped bells hung

+    on a sheep's neck are called tankards, and Hilary could

+    distinguish one flock from another by the varying notes of

+    their bells.'--_Great Estate_, ch. vi. p. 123.

+

+*=Tasker=. A tramping harvester or casual labourer who works by the

+piece (_Agric. of Wilts_, p. 24).

+

+*=Tawney=, =Ta'aney=. The Bullfinch, _Pyrrhula vulgaris_.--N.W.

+

+=Tazzle=. _n._ 'Her hair be aal of a tazzle,' in great disorder, all

+tangled and knotted and tousled.--N.W.

+

+=Tear=. (1) A rage. 'He wur in just about a tear.'--S.W. (2) In N.

+Wilts old folk used formerly to _tear_ their crockery, and _break_

+their clothes, but _tear_ now seems obsolete in this sense there.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (1) Painfully tender, sore, as a wound (A.).--N.W. (2)

+Stinging, as a blister.--N.W. (Rowde.) (3) Tart, as beer turning sour

+(S.): acrimonious. See _Addenda_.--S.W.

+

+=Ted=. To throw about hay for the first time (D.S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Teel=, =Tile=. To place anything leaning against a wall (A.B.H.Wr.).

+Generally used with _up_, as 'Teel it up agen th' wall, wull

+'ee?'--N.W.

+

+=Teft=. The same as ~Heft~ (A.B.C.)--N.W.

+

+=Teg-man=. A shepherd.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+    'I am a teg-man (or shepherd) in the employ of Mr.

+    White.'--_Wilts County Mirror_, October 28, 1892, p. 8, col. 5.

+

+=Temper=. 'To temper down dripping,' to melt it and refine with

+water.--N.W.

+

+=Temtious=. Tempting, inviting.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Temzer=. A riddle or sieve. Cp. Fr. _tamis_.--Obsolete.

+

+    'A temzer, a range, or coarse searche: Wilts.'--_MS. Lansd._

+    1033, f. 2.

+

+=Tentful=. Attentive, careful.--N.W.

+

+=Terrible=. Extremely. ''Tes a terr'ble bad harvest to-year.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Terrify=. (1) _v._ To worry, irritate, annoy; used especially of

+very troublesome children. 'The vlies be terrible terrifying.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+    ''Twer mostly losing of a hoss as did for 'em, and most al'ays

+    wi' bad shoeing. They gived 'em scant measure--shoed 'em too

+    tight, they did, a-terrifying o' the poor beasts.'--_Jonathan

+    Merle_, ch. xlviii. p. 520.

+

+    'Her own folks mightn't a-like so well to come and stay,

+    if ther was al'ays a terrifying old woman to put up

+    with.'--_Ibid_, ch. liv. p. 596.

+

+    'Her husband, who had been out in the fields, came home and

+    began to "terrify" her.'--_Marlborough Times_, November 26,

+    1892.

+

+    'I be turrivied wi' rheumatics.'--_Dark_, ch. x.

+

+(2) _n._ A source of worry or trouble. A bed-ridden woman who has to

+get her neighbours to do everything for her is 'a terrible terrify'

+to them.--N.W. *(3) _v._ To injure, as a hailstorm does apple-blossom

+(_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 113).--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Tewley=, =Tuley=. Weakly (S.). Sickly, tired-looking.--S.W.

+

+=Thatches=. See =Thetches=.

+

+=Thauf=. Although, or although if; as 'A never vound un, thauf he'd

+gone dree lug vurder on, a cudden a bin off seein' on un.' Cp.

+Sauf.--N.W. (Malmesbury, etc.)

+

+=Theave=. A ewe of the third year.

+

+    'We have wether hogs and chilver hogs, and shear hogs, ram

+    tegs, and theaves, and two-tooths, and four-tooths, and

+    six-tooths.'--_Wilts Arch. Mag._ ch. xvii. p. 303.

+

+=There-right=. (1) 'Go straight forward,' order to a horse at plough

+(A.).--N.W. (2) On the spot.--N.W.

+

+=Thert=. _v._ To plough land a second time, at right angles to

+the first ploughing, so as to clean it more effectually. Cp.

+_Thwart_.--N.W.

+

+=Thetches=, =Thatches=. Vetches. _Lent thetches_ are an early spring

+kind.--N.W.

+

+=Thill=, or =Dill=. The shaft of a cart.--N.W.

+

+=Thiller=, =Diller=, =Thill-horse=. The shaft-horse of a team.--N.W.

+

+=Thimbles=. _Campanula rotundifolia_, L., the Harebell.--S.W.

+(Hamptworth.)

+

+=Thorough-pin=. The pin which fastens the waggon-bed to the carriage

+(D.). See Waggon.--N.W.

+

+*=Three-pound-tenner=. The name given by bird-catchers about

+Salisbury to the 'Chevil' variety of Goldfinch, it being more

+valuable than the ordinary kind (_Birds of Wilts_, p. 203).--S.W.

+

+=Threshles=. 'A pair of threshles, drashols, or flyals, a flail'

+(D.). The usual term for a flail. See ~Drashel~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Throw=. (1) _n._ 'A throw of timber,' the quantity felled at any one

+time.--N.W. (2) _v._ To fell timber (_Bevis_, ch. i).--N.W. (3) 'To

+throw a gin or snare,' to spring or set it off (_Amateur Poacher_,

+ch. vi).--N.W.

+

+=Thunder-bolts=, (1) The concretionary nodules of iron pyrites so

+frequently found in the chalk. See ~Gold~; also Thunder-stones in

+_Addenda_.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'The ploughboys search for pyrites, and call them

+    thunderbolts.--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. v.

+

+(2) Fossil belemnites.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thunder-flower=. _Papaver Rhoeas_, &c., Red Poppy.--S.W.

+

+=Thunder-fly=. A black midge. So called because they appear mostly in

+thunder weather.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'Tiny black flies alighting on my hands and face, irritated

+    the skin; the haymakers call them "thunder-flies."'--_Great

+    Estate_, ch. v. pp. 96-97.

+

+*=Thurindale=. A flagon holding about three pints (H.Wr.). M.E.

+_thriddendele_, a third part.--Obsolete.

+

+=Thurtifer=. Unruly, self-willed (H.Wr.).--S.W.

+

+=Ticky Pig=. The smallest pig of a litter.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tid=. *(1) Lively, playful (B.G.). (2) Childish, affecting

+simplicity (A.), shy. 'Coom, coom, dwon't'e be tid' (A.). A.S.

+_tyddr_, tender, weak, imbecile.--N.W.

+

+=Tiddle=. (1) _v._ To bring up a lamb by hand (A.). A.S. _tyddrian_,

+to nourish, feed.--N.W.

+

+    '"Shall I get a drap o' milk, and _tiddle_ un a leetle,

+    maester?" ... "Ha! to be sure! ... Put un into the basket ...

+    and get us a bottle wi' some milk." Tom, who had often assisted

+    the young lambs in the same way, soon procured the therewith

+    to fashion the pseudo teat, and master and man did their

+    best to perform the office of wet nurse to the unfortunate

+    foundling.'--_Wilts Tales_, pp. 5-6.

+

+(2) _v._ To tickle (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Tiddlin' lamb=. A lamb brought up by hand (A.). See ~Tiddle~

+(1).--N.W.

+

+*=Tiddy=. _adj._ Weakly, delicate. See ~Tiddle~ (1).--N.W. (Castle

+Eaton, &c.)

+

+=Tide-times=. Christmas, Easter, &c. 'He do have a drop, tide-times

+and that.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tie=. Of wood, to pinch the saw while working.--N.W.

+

+*=Tig=. A little pig (_Dark_, ch. i).--N.W., occasionally.

+

+=Tile=. See ~Teel~.

+

+=Tiller=. The upper handle of a sawyer's long pit-saw. See

+~Box~.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tiller out=. To sprout out with several shoots, as wheat after being

+eaten off when young.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Timersome=. Timid (A.S.).--N.W.

+

+=Tine=. *(1) _v._ To light a fire or candle (A.C.). ~Tin'd~ (B.). Cf.

+A.S. _tendan, on-tendan_, to kindle, and E. _tinder_. *(2) To finish

+off a laid hedge or stake-fence by weaving in the top-band of boughs

+(A.B.). *(3) _v._ To divide or enclose a field with a hedge (A.B.C.).

+A.S. _tynan_.--N.W.

+

+    'To tine in a piece of waste ground is to enclose it with a

+    fence of wood or quickset.'--_Cunnington MS._

+

+(4) _n._ A drag or harrow tooth (D.).--N.W. *(5) To give the ground

+two or three _tinings_ is to draw the harrow two or three times over

+the same place. See Cope's _Hants Gloss_.

+

+    'They drag it two, three, or four times, and harrow it four,

+    five, or six times, viz. (provincially speaking), they

+    give it "so many tine with the drag, and so many with the

+    harrow."'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. vii.

+

+=Ting-tang=. A small church-bell (S.). See ~Tang~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tining=. (1) _n._ A new enclosure made with a dead hedge (D.H.

+Wr.).--N.W. (2) _n._ A fence of wood, either brushwood, pale, or

+quickset (C.).--N.W., obsolete.

+

+=Tippem=, =Tippum=. A game played by six boys, three on each side of

+the table. The centre one 'works the piece,' i.e. passes it from hand

+to hand up and down under his side of the table. Then all the hands

+are placed on the table, and the opposite side guesses which hand the

+'piece' is in, and scores or loses a mark according as the guess is

+right or wrong. The 'piece' may be anything available, from a knife

+to a pebble or bean.--N.W.

+

+=Tippy=, =Tippity=. Easily upset.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tistie-tostie=, =Tostie=. A child's name for both cowslip and

+cowslip-ball.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tithing=, =Tething=. A shock of ten sheaves, for convenience in

+tithe-taking (D.). The same as ~Hyle~.--N.W.

+

+=Titty-wren=. The wren.--N.W.

+

+*=Toads'-cheese=. Toadstool, fungus (A.).

+

+*=Toads'-heads=. _Fritillaria Meleagris_, L., Snake's-head (_English

+Plant Names_).--N.W. (Minety.)

+

+=Toads'-meat=. Toadstools; fungi (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Toad-stabber=. A bad blunt knife (S.). Commonly used by boys about

+Clyffe Pypard.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Todge=. Any thick spoon-meat, as gruel (A.B.C.). See ~Stodge~.--N.W.

+

+=Token=. *(1) A fool (H.Wr.). (2) A 'young token' is a young

+rascal.--N.W. (3) Formerly used also as a term of endearment.

+A man would call his children his 'little tokens.'--N.W. (4)

+'Blackberry-token,' the Dewberry.

+

+=Toll=. To entice or decoy. ~Tawl~ (S.). 'Hev' a bit o' cheese, to

+toll the bread down wi', will 'ee?' Still in common use. A cow given

+to wandering, when she breaks out of bounds, generally 'tolls' the

+rest of the herd after her.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toll-bird=. (1) _n._ A trained decoy-bird; also a stuffed bird used

+as a decoy.--N. & S.W. (2) 'To give anything just as a toll-bird,'

+to throw a sprat to catch a mackerel. Tradesmen will sell some one

+article far below cost-price, as a toll-bird to attract custom.--S.W.

+

+=Tom-bird=. The male of any bird is generally so called in N. Wilts.

+

+=Tom Cull=. The Bullhead, _Cottus gobio_ (A.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy=. Food in general (S.), especially when carried out into the

+fields.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-bag=. The bag in which labourers take food out with them

+(S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tommy-hacker=. The same as Hacker.--S.W. (Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Tommy-hawk=. A potato hacker. See ~Hacker~.--N.W.

+

+*=Tom Thumbs=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot Trefoil.--S.W.

+(Mere.)

+

+*=Tom Thumb's Honeysuckle=. _Lotus corniculatus_, L., Bird's-foot

+Trefoil (_Sarum Dioc. Gazette_).--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Toppings=. Bran and mill-sweepings ground up together.--N.W.

+

+=Totty=, =Tutty=, =Tutto=. A nosegay. Used all over Wilts, in

+slightly varying pronunciations, the stress sometimes falling on

+the first and sometimes on the last syllable. An apple-tree in full

+blossom is 'all a totty.' At Hungerford the tything-men are known as

+~Tutti-men~, and carry ~Tutti-poles~, or wands wreathed with flowers.

+Minsheu's Dict., Eng. and Spanish ed. 1623, 'a posie or tuttie.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Touch=. Coarse brown paper soaked in saltpetre and dried, used

+instead of matches for lighting a pipe in the open air, the spark to

+kindle it being struck with a knife and a flint. Commonly used up to

+a very recent date.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Touchwood=. A boy's game, in which the pursued endeavours to escape

+by touching _wood_, i.e. tree or post, before his pursuer can seize

+him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Toward=. (1) Order to a horse to come towards you.--N.W. (2) Hence

+applied to anything near or leaning towards you (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii).--N.W.

+

+=Towardly=. Docile, as opposed to _froward_.--N.W.

+

+=To-year=, =T'year=. This year. 'I bain't a-gwain' to set no taters

+to-year.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Traipse=, =Trapes=, =Traipsey=. (1) _n._ A slattern.--N. & S.W. (2)

+To walk in a slatternly manner; used chiefly of women.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Trammel Hawk=. _Falco peregrinus_, Peregrine Falcon (_Birds of

+Wilts_, p. 72).--S.W.

+

+=Trant=. To move goods.--N.W.

+

+=Tranter=. A haulier.--N.W.

+

+=Trapes=. n. An untidy person (S.). See ~Traipes~.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Traveller's-ease=. _Achillea Millefolium_, L., Common Yarrow.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Tree-mouse=. _Certhia familiaris_, the Common Creeper.--S.W.

+

+    'It may be seen creeping like a mouse up and down the hole

+    of a tree. Hence it is known in the south of the county as

+    the "Tree-mouse.'"--_Birds of Wilts._, p. 259. #/ =Trendle=.

+    (1) _n._ A circular trough or tray in which bakers mix their

+    dough.--N. & S.W. (2) _n._ Hence, a circular earthwork.--N.W.

+

+    'Chisenbury Camp, or Trendle, as it is vulgarly

+    called.'--BRITTON'S _Top. Descr. Wilts_., p. 407.

+

+=Triangle=. 'To plant cabbages triangle,' to set them in _quincunx_

+order.--N.W.

+

+=Trig=. (1) _v._ To fasten, make firm (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii.

+p. 113).--N.W. (2) adj. 'Pretty trig,' in fairly good health.--S.W.

+(Steeple Ashton.)

+

+=Trigger=. The rod let down to '_trig up_' the shafts of a cart.--N.W.

+

+*=Trim-tram=. A gate which swings in a V-shaped enclosure of post and

+rail, so as to prevent cattle from passing through.--N.W. (Cherhill.)

+

+=Trins=. Calves' trins, i.e., calves' stomachs, are used in

+cheese-making.--N.W.

+

+=Trip=. To take off in jumping.--N.W.

+

+=Tripping=. The 'take-off' in jumping.--N.W.

+

+    'Sometimes they could not leap because the tripping was bad

+    ... sometimes the landing was bad ... or higher than the

+    tripping.--_Bevis_, ch. v.

+

+=Trounce=. To have the law of a man, to punish by legal process

+(A.B.S.); never used of physical punishment.--N.W.

+

+=Truckle=. (1) _v._ To roll.--N.W. (2) _n._ Anything that may be

+rolled.--N.W. (3) _n._ A small cheese (S.)--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckle-cheese=. A small barrel-shaped cheese of about 6 or 8

+lbs.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Truckles=. (1) 'Sheep's-truckles,' sheep dung; the usual term in

+N. Wilts. Cf. 'trottles' in Linc., and 'trestles' in Sussex.--N.W.

+(2) 'To play truckles,' to roll anything, such as a reel, the top

+of a canister, &c., from one player to another, backwards and

+forwards.--S.W.

+

+=Trumpery=. Weeds growing in cultivated ground.--N.W.

+

+    'If he'd a-let us have it rent free first year ('cause

+    that land wer all full o' trump'ry that high) we could ha'

+    done.'--Jonathan Merle, ch. xxxvii. p. 412.

+

+=Tuck=. (1) 'To tuck a rick,' to pull out the uneven hay all round

+the sides, until they look smooth and even.--N.W. (2) To smart

+with pain (H.Wr.).--N. & S.W. (3) To blow gustily. 'The wind is so

+tucking to-day,' i.e. gusty, veering, blowing from all quarters,

+uncertain.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Tuffin=, =Tuffin-hay=, =Tuff-mowing=. Late hay made of the rough

+grass left by the cattle. ~Turvin~ (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).--N.W.

+

+*=Tufwort=. Probably the nest of _Vespa Britannica_, which in hot

+summers has occurred frequently in our hedges in some parts of the

+county.

+

+    'Between Crookwood and what is called "The Folly," they

+    observed a large cluster in one of the fir-trees ... which

+    turned out to be a wasps' nest. The nest, which was nearly

+    as large as a quartern measure, was fully matured, and is

+    described by an expert in taking wasps' nests as what is known

+    as "the tufwort" nest. It consisted of three splendid cakes of

+    comb, enclosed in a web.'--Local Papers, July, 1893.

+

+=Tugs=. Pieces of chain attached to the hames of the thiller, by

+which he draws.--N.W.

+

+=Tuley=. See ~Tewley~.

+

+=Tulip-tree=. _Acer pseudo-platanus_, L., Sycamore, the smell or

+taste of the young shoots being supposed by children to resemble that

+of the tulip.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Tump=. A hillock (A.B.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Tumpy=. Hillocky, uneven (A.)--N.W.

+

+=Tun=. (1) _n._ Chimney, chimney-top (A.B.C.). 'Chimney-tun' (_Wild

+Life_, ch. viii).--N. & S.W. (2) _v._ 'To tun,' or 'to tun in,' to

+pour liquid through a 'tun-dish' into a cask.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard,

+Devizes, Huish.)

+

+=Tun-dish=, or =Tun-bowl=. A kind of wooden funnel, like a small

+bucket, with hoops round it, and a tube at the bottom, used for

+pouring liquids into a cask.--N.W. (Devizes, Clyffe Pypard, Huish.)

+See _Measure for Measure_, iii. 2.

+

+=Turf=. Refuse oak-bark from the tanner's, made into cakes for firing

+(B.H.Wr.).--N.W. (Marlborough, &c.)

+

+*=Turn= or =Torn=. A spinning-wheel.--N.W. (obsolete). This word

+frequently occurs in the Mildenhall parish accounts, as:--

+

+    '1793. To Box and Spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 2_d_. To a Standard,

+    hoop 4 spokes to Torn, 1_s_. 3_d_. To a Hoop 3 spokes to a

+    Torn, 11 _d_. To 4 legs and standard a hope 5 spokes to Sal's

+    Torn, 2_s_. 7_d_. To Mending Bery's Torn, 1_s_. 6_d_. 1784.

+    Paid John Rawlins for a Turn, 3_s_.'

+

+    In 1809-10 the word _Turn_ gives place to _Spinning-wheel_.

+

+*=Turnpike=. A wire set by a poacher across a hare's run (_Amateur

+Poacher_, chs. ii. and vii).--N.W.

+

+=Turvin=. See ~Tuffin~.

+

+=Tutto=. See ~Totty~.--N.W.

+

+=Tutty=. See ~Totty~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Tut-work=. Piece-work (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Twinge=. (1) _n._ A long flat cake or loaf of bread.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.) (2) _n._ A piece of dough, moulded for making into

+bread.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Twire=. To look wistfully at anything (A.B.C.). 'How he did twire

+an' twire at she, an' her wouldn't so much as gie 'un a look!' In

+_Cunnington MS._ the word is said to have been in common use at that

+time in N. Wilts.

+

+    'The wench ... twired and twinkled at him.'--FLETCHER, _Women

+    Pleased_, p. 41.

+

+    'Compare Prov. Germ, _zwiren_, to take a stolen glance at a

+    thing.--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+*=Twi-ripe=. Ripening unevenly (D.).

+

+=Twit=. In cider-making, the same as ~Perkins~, q.v.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=T'year=. This year (A.S.) See ~To-year~.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=U=. _U_ is often sounded _ow_, as _fowsty_, fusty, _dowst_, dust, or

+chaff.

+

+=Uck=. This very characteristic N. Wilts verb is used in many ways.

+Stable-litter is ucked about with a fork in cleaning out; weeds are

+ucked out of a gravel path with an old knife; a cow ucks another

+with the thrust of her horn; or a bit of cinder is ucked out of the

+eye with a bennet. See _Great Estate_, ch. iv, where it is said

+that anything stirred with a pointed instrument is 'ucked'; also

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii. 'It is apparently not a perversion of

+_hook_, and should be compared with _huck_, to push, lift, gore,

+Hants; huck, a hard blow, Suss., and huck, to spread about manure

+(see Parish, _Sussex Gloss._). It is perhaps a by-form of Prov.

+_hike_, to toss, throw, or strike' (Rev. A. Smythe-Palmer).

+

+=Unbelieving=. Of children, disobedient. 'He be that unbelieving, I

+can't do nothin' wi' un.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Under-creeping=. Underhanded.--S.W.

+

+=Unempty=, =Unempt=, =Unent=. _v._ To empty (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Unked= or =Hunked=. Lonely (A.), but always with an idea of

+uncanniness underlying it. ''Tes a unked rwoad to take late o'

+nights.' Also ~Unkid~, ~Unkerd~ (B.C.), ~Unkert~ (C.), and ~Unket~

+(B.).--N.W.

+

+    'The gamekeeper ... regards this place as "unkid"--i.e. weird,

+    uncanny.'--_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. iv.

+

+    'Related to uncouth = (1) unknown, (2) strange, uncanny,

+    lonely.'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+    'What be the matter with thuck dog you? How he do howl--it

+    sounds main unkid!'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch. ix.

+

+Here _unkid_=ominous and uncanny.

+

+=Unthaw=. To thaw (S.Wr.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Up-along=. A little way up the street or road (S.). See

+~Down-along~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Upping-stock=. A horse-block (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Upsides=. 'I'll be upzides wi' un!' I'll be even with him (S)., or a

+match for him.--N. & S.W.

+

+

+=V=. Many words, as _Voreright_, usually pronounced with a V, will be

+found under ~F~.

+

+=Vag=. To reap in the modern style, with a broad 'rip-hook' and a

+crooked stick, chopping the straw off close to the ground, so as to

+leave little or no stubble (_Walks in the Wheatfields_). True reaping

+should be done with the hand instead of the crooked stick.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-hook=. The hook used in vagging.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vagging-stick=. The crooked stick, usually hazel, with which the

+corn is drawn towards the reaper in vagging (_Amateur Poacher_, ch.

+iv).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Valiant Sparrow=. _Yunx torquilla_, the Wryneck (_Birds of Wilts_,

+p. 257).

+

+=Vallens=. See ~Falling~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vamp=. To walk about (S.). Much more used in Dorset. 'I zeed she

+a-vamping half round the town.'--S.W.

+

+*=Vamplets=. Rude gaiters to defend the legs from wet (A.H.). Cf.

+Bams. Also used in the New Forest. See _Cradock Nowell_, ch. xviii,

+'Not come with me ... and you with your vamplets on, and all!' where

+the word is applied to shooting gaiters.--N.W.

+

+=Veer=. (1) _n._ A furrow.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.) (2) _v._ 'To veer

+out the rudges,' to mark out with the plough the 'rudges' or 'lands'

+before ploughing the whole field.--N.W.

+

+=Veer weather=. Chopping, changeable weather.

+

+=Veldevare= or =Veldever=. See ~Velt~.

+

+*=Vell=. The salted stomach of a young calf, used for making

+rennet.--N.W. (Malmesbury).

+

+*=Velleys=. The drain where the eaves of a cottage meet.

+

+=Velt=. The fieldfare. _Turdus pilaris_ (_Wild Life_, ch. xvi),

+the usual name for the bird in N. Wilts, there being a few local

+variants, as ~Vulver~ at Huish and ~Veldever~ at Clyffe Pypard. Also

+~Veldevare~.--N.W.

+

+    'Tom was a regular gawney ... and went about wi' a handful o'

+    zalt to catch the veldevares.'--_Wilts Tales_, p. 177.

+

+=Vert=. See ~Plim~.

+

+*=Vessel=. See quotation.--N.W. (Castle Eaton.)

+

+    'To wash up the vessel (_sing._ not _pl._) is to wash up

+    plates, dishes, &c.'--Miss E. BOYER-BROWN.

+

+=Vinney=. (1) _adj._ Mouldy (A.C.S.), as applied to bread or cheese.

+A.S. _fynig_. _Cunnington MS._ points out that it is only used of

+white or blue mould, never of black or rotten mould. It was said at

+Hill Deverill of a woman feigning to be bed-ridden, that 'she would

+lie there abed till she were vinney.' See ~Blue-vinnied~. (2) _adj._

+Nervous. 'Do 'ee stop telling about they ghostises, or 'tull make I

+vinny.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Vlonkers=. See ~Flunk~ (S.).--S.W.

+

+=Vrail=. The whip part of the old-fashioned flail.--N.W. (Clyffe

+Pypard.)

+

+=Vrammards=, =Vrammerd=. (1) Order to a horse to go from you, as

+opposed to ~Toward~.--N.W. (2) Hence sometimes used as _adj._ by

+ploughmen and others in speaking of anything distant or leaning away

+from them (_Great Estate_, ch. viii), as a load of hay or corn with a

+list to the off.--N.W. (3) _n._ A _vrammerd_ is a blade set at right

+angles on a short handle, used for splitting laths or rails.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Vrow=. See ~Brow~.

+

+*=Vuddles=, =Vuddels=. A spoilt child (A.B.C.H.). In Hants to

+_vuddle_ a child is to spoil it by injudicious petting.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+=Vulver=. See ~Velt~.

+

+

+=W=. Often not sounded at the beginning of a word. Thus _want_, a

+mole, becomes '_oont_, and _within_ and _without_ are usually _athin_

+and _athout_.

+

+=Waddle up=. To wrap up with an excess of clumsily arranged clothing;

+usually applied to infants.--N.W.

+

+=Wag=. (1) 'To wag the Church bells,' to set them ringing. Also used

+of tolling the bell for a funeral.--N. & S.W. (2) To move (S.). 'I

+be that bad I can't scarce wag.'--N. & S.W. (3) In carrying, the boy

+who stands at the horses' heads, to move them forward as required, is

+said to 'wag hoss,' and the order given is 'wag on!'--N.W.

+

+=Waggon=. The various parts of a waggon in N. Wilts bear the

+following names:--the bottom is the ~Waggon-bed~. The transverse

+pieces which support this over the ~Exes~ (axles) are the ~Pillars~,

+~Peel~ (A.). The longitudinal pieces on each side on which the sides

+rest are the ~Waggon-blades~. The similar pieces under the centre

+of the bed are the ~Bed-summers~. The cross piece at the back into

+which the ~Tail-board~ hooks is the ~Shetlock~ or ~Shutleck~. The

+~Tail Pole~ joins the front and hind wheels together underneath. The

+~Hound~ is the fore-carriage over the front wheels. The ~Slide~ is

+the cross-bar on the tail of the 'Hound.' The ~Dripple~ is the strip

+running along the top of the side of the waggon from which over the

+hind wheels project the ~Waggon-hoops~, and over the front wheels the

+~Raves~. The shafts are the ~Dills~ or ~Thills~. The ~Parters~ are

+detached pieces of wood at the side, joining the 'Dripple' to the

+'Bed.' The ~Thorough-pin~ is the pin which fastens the 'Waggon-bed'

+to the 'Carriage.' Also see ~Arms~, ~Hoops~, ~Overlayer~, ~Sharps~,

+~Draughts~, ~Limbers~, ~Strouter~, ~Ridge-tie~, ~Blades~, and

+~Spances~.

+

+=Wagtails=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wag-wants=. _Briza media_, L., Quaking Grass (S.). Also ~Weg-wants~,

+~Wig-wants~, ~Wing-Wang~, and ~Wagtails~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wake=. (1) _n._ The raked-up line (broader than a hatch or wallow)

+of hay before it is made up into pooks (_Wild Life_, ch. vii).--N.W.

+(2) _v._ To rake hay into wakes (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Wake-at-noon=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W.

+

+=Wallow=. (1) _n._ A thin line of hay (_Great Estate_, ch. iv).

+_Weale_ in Dorset. (2) _v._ To rake hay into lines.--N.W. =Want=.

+A mole (B.S.); also ~Woont~ (B.) and 'oont (Wilts Tales, p. 173;

+_Gamekeeper at Home_, ch. ii).--N. & S.W.

+

+    '1620. Itm. to William Gosse for killing of wants,

+    xijd.'--Records of Chippenham, p. 202.

+

+=Want-catcher=, 'oont-catcher. _n._ A professional mole catcher.--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Want-heap=. A mole-hill.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Want-rear=. A mole-hill.--S.W.

+

+=Waps=, =Wopse=. A wasp (A.S.). A.S. _woeps_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Warnd=, =Warn=. To warrant (A.S.). 'You'll get un, I warnd.'--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Warning-stone=. See ~Gauge-brick~. Also see _Addenda_.

+

+=Wart-wort=. (1) _Chelidonium majus_, L., The Greater Celandine, the

+juice of which is used to burn away warts.--N. & S.W. (2) _Euphorbia

+Peplus_, L., Petty Spurge.--N.W.

+

+=Wassail=. A drinking-song, sung by men who go about at Christmas

+wassailing (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+=Wassailing=, =Waysailing=. Going about singing and asking for money

+at Christmas (A.B.).--N.W.

+

+*=Wasset-man=. A scarecrow (A.B.G.H.Wr.); also ~Wusset~ (H.Wr.).--N.W.

+

+=Watch=. If a hay-rick is so badly made that it heats, the owner

+is often so ashamed of it that he attempts to set the matter

+right before his neighbours find it out. If a passer-by notices

+him poking about the hay as if searching for something in it, the

+ironical question is asked--'Have you lost your watch there?'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) Cp. 'To drop your watch in the bottom of the

+rick.'--_Upton-on-Severn Words_, p. 34.

+

+=Watchet=, =Wetched=, =Wetchet=. Wet about the feet. ~Wotshed~ at

+Cherhill. ~Wetched~ (A.).--N.W.

+

+    'Either way, by lane or footpath, you are sure to get what the

+    country folk call "watchet," i.e. wet.'--_Wild Life_, ch. vi.

+

+    'You'd best come along o' me to the lower lands ... for it

+    be mighty wet there these marnins, and ye'll get watshed for

+    certin.'--_The Story of Dick_, ch. xii. p. 142.

+

+*=Water Anemone=. _Ranunculus hederaceus_, L., Ivy-leafed

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+*=Water-blobb=. _Nuphar lutea_, Sm., The Water-lily (A.B.). See

+~Blobbs~.

+

+*=Water-buttercup=. _Ranunculus Flammula_, L., Lesser

+Spear-wort.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Water-Cuckoo=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's Smock. See

+~Cuckoo~.--S.W.

+

+=Water-lily=. (1) _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.--N. & S.W.

+*(2) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton All

+Saints.)

+

+*=Wayside-bread=. _Plantago major_, L., Plantain (_English Plant

+Names_). Cp. M.E. _wey-brede_ in the 'Promptorium.'

+

+=Weather-glass=. _Anagallis arvensis_, L., Scarlet Pimpernel. See

+~Shepherd's Weather-glass~.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weeth=. (i) _adj._ Tough and pliable (A.B.C.S.).--N.W. (2) _adj._

+Of bread, moist and yet not too soft. 'I puts my lease bread on the

+pantony shelf, and it soon gets nice and weeth.' Often pronounced as

+_wee_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Weffet=, =Wevet=. A spider.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Weg-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Weigh-jolt=. A see-saw (A.B.H.Wr.).--Formerly in common use at

+Clyffe Pypard, N.W.

+

+=Welch-nut=. A walnut (_MS. Lansd._).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Well-at-ease=. In good health, hearty.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Well-drock=. The windlass over a well.--S.W.

+

+=West= (pronounced _Waast_). A stye in the eye. See ~Wish~.--S.W.

+

+=Wheat-reed=. Straw preserved unthreshed for thatching (D.). See

+~Elms~ and ~Reed~.--S.W., obsolete.

+

+*=Wheeling=. 'It rains wheeling,' i.e. hard or pouring.--N.W.

+(Lockeridge.) =Whicker=, =Wicker=. (1) To neigh or whinny as a

+horse, bleat as a goat, whine as a dog, &c. (S.; _Village Miners_;

+_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 114).--N.W. (2) To giggle.--N.W.

+*(3) 'To find a wicker's nest,' to be seized with an irrepressible

+fit of giggling (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+*=Whip land=. Land not divided by meres, but measured out, when

+ploughed, by the whip's length (D.).

+

+=Whippence=. The fore-carriage of a plough or harrow, &c. (D.).--N.W.

+

+=Whipwhiles=. Meanwhile (S.). A Somersetshire word.--S.W.

+

+=Whissgig=. (1) _v._ To lark about. Wissgigin, larking (S.).--N. &

+S.W. (2) _n._ A lark, a bit of fun or tomfoolery. 'Now, none o' your

+whissgigs here!'--N.W.

+

+=Whissgiggy=. _adj._ Frisky, larky.--N.W.

+

+*=White=. 'Cow white'=cow in milk. 'Calf white'=sucking calf.

+

+    'All the small tithes such as wool and lamb, cow white and

+    calf &c. throughout all parts of the parish unexpressed in the

+    several foregoing particulars. The usual rates at present being

+    fourpence a cow white--sixpence a calf ... the sheep, lambs and

+    calves are due at St. Mark's tide--the cow white, and fatting

+    cattle at Lammas.'--_Hilmarton Parish Terrier_, 1704. See

+    _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxiv. p. 126.

+

+Usually defined as above, but perhaps more correctly written as

+_cow-wite_ and _calf-wite_, i.e. the mulct or payment for a cow or

+calf.

+

+    'Tythes of Wool and Lambs and Calves, and three half pence

+    which is due and payable at Lammas being Composition Money for

+    the Tythe White of every Cow.'--_Wilcot Parish Terrier_, 1704.

+

+As regards the ordinary derivation, compare _white-house_, a dairy,

+_white-meat_, milk, _whites_, milk.

+

+    'Wheatly (_On the Common Prayer_, ed. 1848, pp. 233-4) quotes

+    from a letter of one G. Langbain, 1650, as follows:--"certe

+    quod de Lacte vaccarum refert, illud percognitum habeo in

+    agro _Hamtoniensi_ (an et alibi nescio) decimas Lacticiniorum

+    venire vulgo sub hoc nomine, _The Whites of Kine_; apud

+    Leicestrenses etiam Lacticinia vulgariter dicuntur

+    _Whitemeat_."'--SMYTHE-PALMER.

+

+=White Couch=. See ~Couch~.

+

+=White-flower=. _Stellaria Holostea_, L., Greater Stitchwort.--N.W.

+(Huish.)

+

+*=White-house=. A dairy (H.Wr.).

+

+=White-livered=. Pale and unhealthy-looking (S.).--N. & S.W. At

+Clyffe Pypard the word has a yet stronger idea of disease about it,

+and a 'white-livered' woman is popularly supposed to be almost as

+dangerous as was the poison-nurtured Indian beauty who was sent as

+a present to Alexander the Great. How the 'whiteness' of the liver

+is to be detected is not very clear, but probably it is by the

+pallor of the face. At any rate, if you discover that a young woman

+is 'white-livered,' do not on any account marry her, because the

+whiteness of the liver is of a poisonous nature, and you assuredly

+will not live long with a white-livered young woman for your wife. It

+is most unhealthy, and if _she_ does not die, _you_ will! The word is

+so used of both sexes.

+

+=White Robin Hood=. _Silene inflata_, L., Bladder Campion.--S.W.

+(Zeals.)

+

+=White-wood=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L., Mealy Guelder-rose.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.) ~White-weed~.--S.W. (Farley).

+

+*=Whitty-tree=. _Viburnum Lantana_, L. (Aubrey, _Nat. Hist. Wilts_,

+p. 56, ed. Brit.)

+

+=Whiver=. (1) To quiver, hover, flutter. ~Wiver~ (S.).--S.W. (2) To

+waver, hesitate.--S.W.

+

+*=Who'say=, =Hoosay=. An idle report.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Wicker=. See ~Whicker~.

+

+=Wig-wants=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Wild Asparagus=. _Ornithogalum pyrenaicum_, L., Spiked Star of

+Bethlehem.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wildern= (_i_ short). An apple-tree run wild in the hedges, as

+opposed to a true crab-tree.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Wild Willow=. _Epilobium hirsutum_, L., Great Hairy Willow-herb

+(_Great Estate_, ch. ii).

+

+=Will-jill=. An impotent person or hermaphrodite.--N.W. Compare

+_Wilgil_ and _John-and-Joan_ in Hal.

+

+*=Willow-wind=. (1) _Convolvulus_, Bindweed (_Great Estate_, ch.

+viii). (2) _Polygonum Fagopyrum_, L., Buckwheat (_Ibid._).

+

+=Wiltshire Weed, The=. The Common Elm. See notice in _Athenaeum_,

+1873, of Jefferies' _Goddard Memoir_, also _Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. x.

+p. 160. This is a term frequently occurring in books and articles on

+Wilts, but it would not be understood by the ordinary Wiltshire folk.

+

+=Wim=. To winnow.--S.W.

+

+=Wind-mow=. A cock of a waggon-load or more, into which hay is

+sometimes put temporarily in catchy weather (D.), containing about 15

+cwt. in N. Wilts, and a ton elsewhere.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wing-wang=. See ~Wag-wants~.

+

+=Winter-proud=. Of wheat, too rank (D.), as is frequently the case

+after a mild winter. See ~Proud~.--N.W.

+

+=Wirral=, =Worral=, or =Wurral=. _Ballota nigra_, L., Black

+Horehound.--S.W. (Som. bord.)

+

+=Wish=, =Wisp=. A sty in the eye.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Wissgigin=. See ~Whissgig~ (1).

+

+=Withwind=, or =Withwine=. _Convolvulus sepium_, L., Great Bindweed,

+and other species (A.B.D.S.). ~Wave-wine~ or ~Wither-wine~ (_Cycl. of

+Agric._); ~Withywind~ on Som. border.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wivel=, =Wyvel=. To blow as wind does round a corner or through a

+hole.--N.W.

+

+=Wivelly=, or =Wivel-minded=. Undecided, wavering, fickle, and

+untrustworthy (_Village Miners_).--N.W.

+

+=Wiver=. See ~Whiver~.

+

+=Womble=. _v._ To wobble about from weakness, &c. (_Dark_, ch. iv,

+where it is used of children who come to school without having had

+any breakfast).--N. &. S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Wombly=. _adj._ Wobbly (_Dark_, ch. iv).

+

+=Wonderment=. (1) _n._ A sight or pastime of any kind.--N.W. (2)

+_n._ Any occupation that appears fanciful and unpractical to the

+rustic mind. Thus a boy who had a turn for inventions, drawing,

+verse-making, butterfly-collecting, or anything else of a similar

+nature which lies outside the ordinary routine of a labourer's daily

+life, would be described as always 'aater his 'oonderments.'--N.W.

+(3) _v._ To play the fool, waste time over unprofitable work.--N.W.

+

+*=Wood-sour=. _adj._ Of soil, loose, spongy. Also ~Woodsere~.--N.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'The strong red land on the high level parts of the Downs ...

+    once wood-land, and sometimes expressly called "wood-sour"

+    land.'--_Agric. of Wilts_, ch. xii.

+

+    'A poor wood-sere land very natural for the production of

+    oaks.'--AUBREY, _Miscell_. p. 211.

+

+    'It is a wood-sere country abounding much with sour and austere

+    plants.'--AUBREY, _Nat. Hist. of Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wood-wax=. *(1) _Genista tinctoria_, L., Dyer's Greenweed (D.),

+Aubrey's _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, pp. 34 and 49, ed. Brit.--N. & S.W. (2)

+_Genista Anglica_, L., Needle Whin.--S.W. (Farley.)

+

+=Wooset=. See ~Houssett~.

+

+=Wooster-blister=. A smack in the face or box on the ear.--S.W. (Som.

+bord.) Cf. Som. ~Whister-twister~, and Dev. ~Whister-poop~.

+

+*=Works=. In a water-meadow, the system of trenches and carriages by

+which the water is brought in and distributed (_Agric. of Wilts_, ch.

+xii).

+

+=Worsen=. _v._ To grow worse. 'You be worsened a deal since I seen

+'ee laast, I d' lot as you bean't a gwain' to live long.'--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wosbird=. A term of reproach (A.),=_whore's brood_. There are many

+variants, as ~Hosebird~, ~Husbird~, and ~Oozebird~. Much commoner in

+Devon.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'They're a couple o' th' ugliest wosbirds in the vair.'--Wilts

+    Tales, p. 89.

+

+In his _Dictionary of Provincial English_, Wright defines this as

+'a wasp,' a mistake too amusing to be passed over! Probably his

+informant heard a rustic who had got into a wasp's nest, and been

+badly stung, 'danging they wosbirds,' and on asking what he meant by

+'wosbirds' was told that they were the 'wopses,' and not unnaturally

+concluded that the two words were synonyms.

+

+=Wout=. A carter's order to a horse to bear off. The opposite to Coom

+hether.

+

+=Wrap=. _n._ A thin strip of wood. See ~Rap~.

+

+=Wrastle=. To spread, as cancer, fire, roots, &c.--N.W.

+

+    'These fires are, or were, singularly destructive in

+    villages--the flames running from thatch to thatch, and, as

+    they express it, "wrastling" across the intervening spaces. A

+    pain is said to "wrastle," or shoot and burn.'--_Wild Life_,

+    ch. iv. p. 68.

+

+*=Wreaths=. The long rods used in hurdle-making (D.).

+

+=Wrick=, =Rick=. To twist or wrench. 'I've bin an' wricked me ankly.'

+M.E. _wrikken_.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wridgsty=. See ~Ridge-tie~.

+

+=Wrist=. To twist, especially used of wringing the neck of a rabbit

+or fowl (_Amateur Poacher_, ch. xi).--N.W.

+

+=Wug=, =Woog=. Order to a horse (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Wusset=. See ~Wasset-man~.

+

+=Wusted=. Looking very ill, grown worse.--N.W.

+

+

+=Y=. Many words beginning with H, G, or a vowel, are usually sounded

+with Y prefixed, as _Yacker_, acre; _Yeppern_, apron; _Yat_, or

+_Yeat_, gate; _Yeldin_, a hilding; and _Yerriwig_, earwig.

+

+Verbs ending in _y_ often drop that letter. Thus empty and study

+become _empt_ and _stud_.

+

+The free infinitive in _y_ was formerly much used, but is now dying

+out. It was used in a general question, as 'Can you _mowy_?' Were a

+special piece of work referred to, _mowy_ would not be correct, the

+question then being simply 'Can you _mow_ thuck there meaed?'

+

+The following example of the 'free infinitive' is given in

+_Cunnington MS._:--

+

+    'There is also here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs

+    from Nouns, which are generally in use as apellations for

+    professions--take an Example. Well Mary, how do you get on

+    in Life? what do you and your family do _now_ to get a Living

+    in these times--Wy Zur we do aal vind Zummut to do--Jan, ye

+    know, he do _Smithey_ [work as a smith] Jin the beggist wench

+    do spinney the Little one do Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ [go out

+    as a Chore Woman] and the two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One

+    works as a smith--one spins one makes Lace one goes out as a

+    Chore woman & two are Bird keepers which Latter term were more

+    to the purpose if expressed Bird frightener or driver.'

+

+=Yap=, =Yop=. (1) To yelp as a dog (S.).--N. & S.W. (2) To talk

+noisily. 'What be a yopping there for?'--N.W.

+

+*=Yard-land=. Land sufficient for a plough of oxen and a yard to

+winter them; an ancient copyhold tenure (D.).--Obsolete.

+

+*=Yard of land=. A quarter of an acre, because formerly, in common

+lands forty poles long, the quarter acre was a land-yard wide

+(D.).--Obsolete.

+

+=Yea-nay=. 'A yea-nay chap,' one who does not know his own

+mind.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Yeemath=. Aftermath (B.). ~Youmath~ (A.B.). ~Yeomath~ (A.H.Wr.).

+Probably = _young math_, cp. _young grass_ in W. Somerset. Cp.

+~Ea-math~, ~Ameaed~ at Cherhill, ~Ea-grass~ in S. Wilts.--N.W.

+

+=Yees=. An earthworm. See ~Eass~.

+

+=Yelding=, =Yeldin=. n. A hilding (A): a woman of bad character

+(_Wilts Tales_, p. 3).--N.W.

+

+    'I've allus bin respectable wi' my women volk, and I wun't ha'e

+    no yeldin' belongin' to ma.'--_Dark_, ch. xix.

+

+=Yellucks=. See ~Hullocky~.

+

+=Yelm=, =Yelms=. See ~Elms~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Yellow-cups=. Buttercups in general.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Yellow-Thatch=. _Lathyrus pratensis_, L., Meadow Vetchling.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+*=Yoke=. See ~Fork~ (_Wild Life_, ch. vi).

+

+=Yop=. See ~Yap~.

+

+*=You=. This word is often thrown in at the end of a sentence,

+sometimes as a kind of query--'Don't you think so?'--but usually to

+give a strong emphasis to some assertion.--N.W.

+

+    'A' be a featish-looking girl, you.'--_Greene Ferne Farm_, ch.

+    i.

+

+    'Fine growing marning, you.'--_Ibid._ ch. i.

+

+    'That be a better job than ourn, you.'--_Hodge and his

+    Masters_, ch. vii.

+

+=Yuckel=, =Yuckle=. A woodpecker (A.H.Wr.). So called from its cry,

+_Yuc_, _yuc_.--N.W.

+

+=Yaught=, =Yawt=. To swallow, to drink. 'There's our Bill--he can

+yaught down drenk like anything,' or 'He can yaught a deal.'--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard, Huish, &c.)

+

+

+=Z=. Among the old people _S_ is still usually sounded as _Z_, as

+_Zaat_ or _Zate_, soft; _Zound_, to swoon; _Zorrens_, servings, &c.

+See _S_ for many such instances.

+

+*=Zaad-paul=. This term used to be commonly applied about Aldbourne

+to an utterly good-for-nothing fellow, but is gradually dying out

+now. It probably means 'soft head.' See ~Saat~.

+

+*=Zam=. To heat anything for some time over the fire, without letting

+it come to the boil.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+=Zammy=. (1) _n._ A simpleton, a soft-headed fellow (S.).--S.W. *(2)

+_adj._ 'Zammy tea,' half-cold, insipid tea.--N.W. (Hullavington.)

+

+=Zam-zodden=. Long-heated over a slow fire, and so half spoilt.

+This and the last two words belong to Som. rather than Wilts. A.S.

+_s[=a]m-soden_, half boiled.--N.W. (Malmesbury.)

+

+

+

+

+ADDENDA

+

+

+=Afterclaps=. Consequences, results. ~Atterclaps~ (S.).--N. & S.W.

+

+=All-amang=. _Add_:--

+

+    'Zweethearts, an wives, an children young,

+    Like sheep at vair, be ael among.'

+                                     E. SLOW, _Smilin Jack_.

+

+=All as is=. All there is to be said, the final word in the matter.

+Used when giving a very peremptory order to a labourer to carry out

+your instructions without any further question. 'Aal as is as you've

+a-got to do be to volly on hoein' they turmuts till I tells 'ee to

+stop!'--N.W.

+

+=Along of=. (1) On account of. ''Twer aal along o' she's bwoy's bad

+ways as her tuk to drenk.'--N. & S.W. (2) In company with. 'Here, you

+just coom whoam along o' I, an I'll gie 'ee summut to arg about!'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Aloud=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Altrot=. _Heracleum Sphondylium_, L., Cow-parsnip. See

+~Eltrot~.--S.W. (Zeals.)

+

+=Apple-scoop=. A kind of scoop or spoon, made from the knuckle-bone

+of a leg of mutton, and used for eating apples, the flavour of which

+it is supposed to improve.--N.W.

+

+=At=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Away with=. _Add_:--N. & S.W.

+

+

+*=Babes-in-the-Cradle=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water

+Figwort.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Bachelor's Buttons=. _Add_:--*(3) _Aquilegia vulgaris_, L., Garden

+Columbine.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Back-friends=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bag=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bake-faggot=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bannix=. To drive away poultry, or to hunt them about. 'Go an'

+bannix they vowls out.' 'Dwon't bannix about they poor thengs like

+that!'--S.W.

+

+=Barley-buck=. A boy's game, played by guessing at the number of

+fingers held up.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Bash=, =Bashet=. At Harnham, Salisbury, a small raised footpath is

+known as the Bashet, while at Road certain houses built on the upper

+side of a similar footpath, close to the boundary line dividing Wilts

+and Somerset, are spoken of as being 'on the Bash.'

+

+=Bay=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Bayle=. Some plant which we cannot identify.--Obsolete.

+

+    'In this ground [near Kington St. Michael, grows]

+    bayle.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+=Bee-hackle=. The straw covering of a hive. See ~Hackle~ (2)--S.W.

+

+*=Belly-vengeance=. _Add_:--Also used of very inferior cider.

+

+=Bennets=. (1) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bird's-eye=. _Add_:--(4) _Veronica Buxbaumii_, Ten., Buxbaum's

+Speedwell.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Bivery=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Bleat=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Blicker=. To shine intermittently, to glimmer. 'I zeen a light a

+blickerin' droo th' tallot dwoor.'--S.W.

+

+=Blind-house=. _Add_:--N. & S.W., obsolete.

+

+=Blooms=. Flushes in the face. 'Ther you knaws as I do allus get the

+hot blooms ter'ble bad.'--S.W.

+

+=Bolster-pudding=. A roly-poly pudding.--N.W.

+

+*=Bookin='. See ~Buck~.

+

+=Bossy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Boys=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brash=, =Braish=. Of weather, cold and bracing.--N.W.

+

+=Brashy=. Full of small stones and grit. 'Th' vier wer ter'ble

+braishy 'smarnin',' the coal was bad and stony.--N.W.

+

+=Bread-and-Cheese=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Break=. (1) _Add_:--Still used in this sense at Deverill, S.W. (2)

+Of a spring, to rise.--N. & S.W.

+

+    'When the springs doe breake in Morecombe-bottom, in the north

+    side of the parish of Broade Chalke, which is seldome, 'tis

+    observed that it foretells a deer yeare for corne.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 34, ed. Brit.

+

+=Breeding-bag=. The ovary of a sow.--N.W.

+

+=Brevet=. (1) _Add_:--'Brevettin' into other folks' business.'--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Brimmer=. A broad-brimmed hat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Brit=, =Brittle out=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Broken-mouthed=. Children are said to be 'broken-mouthed,' when they

+are losing their teeth.--N.W.

+

+=Broom=. 'I bain't a-gwain to hang out the broom,' I intend to be

+very particular as to character, &c., before engaging any servants

+or labourers.--N.W. (Wedhampton.) In Berks, 'to hang th' brum out

+o' winder,' means that the wife is away, and so the husband is at

+liberty to entertain any bachelor friends of his who like to drop in.

+

+=Buck=. _Add_:--At Deverill 'Bookin'' is used instead, a 'good

+bookin' o' clothes' being a large wash.--S.W.

+

+=Buck-hearted=. Of cabbages, the same as ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Budget=. The leather pouch in which a mower carries his

+whetstone.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Bunt-lark=. The Common Bunting.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Buttercup=. _Add_:--N.W. (Huish); S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Butter-flower=. _Caltha palustris_, L., Marsh Marigold.

+

+    'The watered meadows all along from Marleborough to Hungerford,

+    Ramesbury, and Littlecot, at the later end of April, are yellow

+    with butter flowers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 51, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Buzzel-hearted=. A cabbage or broccoli plant that has lost its eye

+is said to be 'buzzel-hearted.' Compare ~Crow-hearted~.--S.W.

+

+

+=Caddling=. _Under_ (3) _add_:--'A caddlin' place' is one where as

+soon as a servant begins one piece of work he or she is called off

+to another, and can never get a chance of finishing anything off

+satisfactorily.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Call over=. To publish the banns.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Callus= or =Callis=. _v._ To become hard, as soil in frosty weather:

+to cake together (_Wilts Arch. Mag._ vol. xxii. p. 109).--N. & S.W.

+

+=Cank=. _Add_:--*(2) _n._ Idle gossip.

+

+=Canker=. (1) _Add_:--Also ~Cankie~.

+

+=Cankers=. 'The baby hev a-got the cankers,' viz. white-mouth or

+thrush.--N.W.

+

+=Carpet=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Cart=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Chap=. _Add as example_:--'Hev 'ee zeed how thuck ther ground is aal

+chapped wi' th' dry weather? They chaps be so gashly big, the young

+pa'tridges 'ull purty nigh vall in.'

+

+=Chin-cough=. The whooping cough.--N.W.

+

+=Chip=. _Add_:--See Davis's _Agric. of Wilts_, p. 262.

+

+=Clacker=. _Add_:--(2) A couple of pieces of wood, rattled together

+to scare birds off the crops.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Clam=. (1) To over-fill and choke up anything, as a water-pipe. The

+throat sometimes gets quite 'clammed up' with phlegm.--N.W. (2) To

+surfeit any one with food.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Clamp about=. To stump about noisily.--N.W.

+

+=Clean-and-wholly=. Entirely. ''Tes aal gone clean-an'-wholly out o'

+she's yead!'--N.W.

+

+=Cleaty=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Clinkerballs=. Balls of dried dung or dirt in a sheep's wool.--S.W.

+(Wilton, &c.)

+

+=Cloddy=. _Add as example_:--'He's a cloddy sart o' a chap.'

+

+=Clogweed=. _Add_:--(2) _Arctium Lappa_, L., Burdock.--S.W.

+

+=Cludgy=. Clingy, sticky; used especially of bad bread.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Collets=. Young cabbage plants. A man will say in spring, 'I got a

+good lot o' collets, but they bean't cabbages.'--N.W.

+

+=Come away=. To spring up.--N.W.

+

+    'Owing to the long drought [barley] came away from the ground

+    at different periods, which will, without doubt, materially

+    injure the sample for malting purposes.'--_Devizes Gazette_,

+    June 22, 1893.

+

+=Comical=. _Add_:--Round Warminster everything but a tom-cat is _he_.

+

+=Conigre=. _Add_:--Other localities which may be noted are

+Blacklands, Winterbourne Bassett, and Mildenhall. See Smith's _Antiq.

+N. Wilts_.

+

+=Conks=, =Conkers=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+=Count=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Coward=. _Dele_ *, and _add_:--Clyffe Pypard.

+

+*=Cow-down=. _Add_:--On the Ordnance Map there are 'Cow-downs' marked

+at Deverill, Wylye, Steeple Langford, and Westbury.

+

+*=Creeping Jane=. _Lysimachia Nummularia_, L., Moneywort.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Creep-mouse=. To play 'creep-mouse,' to tickle babies and make them

+laugh.--N.W.

+

+=Criddlin Pudden=. A kind of pudding, made of the nubbly bits left

+over when pigs' fleck has been boiled and pounded and strained.

+_Crittens_ in Berks.--N.W.

+

+=Crutch=. (1) A large earthen jar, such as butter is potted in. Cf.

+Critch.--N. & S.W. (Clyffe Pypard.) (2) A cheese-pan.--N.W.

+

+*=Cuckoo-pint=. _Cardamine pratensis_, L., Lady's smock.--S.W.

+(Charlton.)

+

+

+=Daffy=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Devil's-ring=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Devourous=. Ravenous.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Dicky-birds=. After S.W. _add_:--(Deverill.)

+

+=Dillcup=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ranunculus acris_, L., Meadow

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton, Little Langford.)

+

+=Do=. To thrive (used reflexively). 'He does (_o_ pronounced as in

+the infinitive) hissel well, dwon't he?' said of an animal that does

+credit to its owner by the way in which it thrives.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Doer=. A pig that thrives well, even on poor food, is a 'good doer,'

+while a 'bad doer' refuses to fatten, give it what you will.--N. &

+S.W.

+

+=Dog, how beest=? _Add_:--Also used at Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Dog-in-a-blanket=. A roly-poly pudding--N.W.

+

+=Dough-fig=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Down-lanterns=. Heaps of chalk, marking the tracks from village to

+village over the downs, to prevent people going astray at night.--S.W.

+

+=Drashel=. _Dele_:--As two men generally work together.

+

+*=Draw-sheave=. (Pronounced _Draa-sheave_.) A wheelwright's

+draw-knife.--S.W.

+

+*=Druck=. n. 'A druck of people,' a great crowd.--S.W. (Wilton.)

+

+=Drug=. (1) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) (2) _Add_:--~Drugshoe~ at

+Deverill, S.W.

+

+=Duck's-frost=. _Add_:--Ironically used at Deverill, as, 'Ther'll be

+a frost to-night.' 'Ah, a duck's-frost,' viz. none at all.--S.W.

+

+=Dumble=. _Add_:--~Dummil~ (C.).

+

+=Dunch-dumpling=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+*=Elm-stock= (_Yelm-stock_). A forked stick for carrying straw for

+thatching.--S.W.

+

+=Enemy=. _Anemone nemorosa_, L., Wood Anemone. So generally used in

+Wilts that it seems advisable to note it, in spite of its being a

+mere corruption.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Ent=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+

+=Faggot=. _Add_:--Used as a general term of abuse.--S.W.

+

+=Falling=. _Add_:--This requires some slight modification. 'We'm

+a-gwain to ha' a vallen' seems to be restricted to snow; but when

+there is some doubt as to what sort of weather is coming, the phrase

+would be 'A vallen o' zum zart,' or 'zum vallen,' thus covering snow,

+rain, or hail.

+

+*=Feggy=. Fair.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'Their persons [in North Wilts] are generally plump and

+    feggy.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 11, ed. Brit.

+

+=Fiddler's-money=. Small change (threepenny and fourpenny bits).--N.

+& S.W.

+

+*=Fiddle-sticks=. _Scrophularia aquatica_, L., Water Figwort.--S.W.

+(Little Langford.)

+

+=Fighting-cocks=. _Add_:--_Plantago lanceolata_, L., Ribwort

+Plantain.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Firk=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Flashy heats=. Hot flushes, that come and go when one is feverish

+and weak, as a woman after her confinement.--N.W.

+

+=Flask=. A limp straw-basket used to carry food and tools. Used in

+Glouc.--S.W., occasionally.

+

+=Flip=, =Flip-tongued=. Smooth-spoken, glib.--N.W.

+

+=Folly=. _Add_:--In Berks the word is frequently applied to a round

+clump of fir-trees on a hill.

+

+=For=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Friggle=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.) *=Furze-tacker= (_Vuzz-tacker_).

+_Saxicola rubetra_, the Whinchat.--S.W.

+

+=Fussicky=. Fussy, fidgetty.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+

+=Gallows-gate=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Gawley=. _adj._ Patchy: used especially of root-crops that grow

+unequally.--S.W., in common use.

+

+=Gay=. _Add_:--(2) In good health. 'I do veel main gay agean

+'smarnin', but I wur gashly bad aal laas' wick wi' th' rheumatiz.'--N.

+& S.W.

+

+=Get out=. To 'get out' a drawn or carriage in the water meadows

+is to clean it well out and make up the banks. To 'get out' a set

+of posts and rails is to cut them out and prepare them for putting

+up.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Gibbles=. _Add_:--Underground Onions.

+

+*=Gilliflower-grass=. _Carex glauca_, L., and _Carex panicea_,

+L.--N.W., obsolete.

+

+    'In Bradon Forest growes ... a blew grasse they call

+    July-flower grasse, which cutts the sheepes mouthes, except in

+    the spring.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 49, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Gipsy-nut=s. Hips and haws.--S.W. (near Trowbridge.)

+

+=Girls=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Good liver=. A person who lives an exceptionally good and pious

+life.--N.W.

+

+=Good-living=. Leading a very pious life. 'Her wur allus a

+good-living sart o' a 'ooman.'--N.W.

+

+=Grained=. _Add_:--~Grinted~ in Berks.

+

+=Gramfer= (or =Granfer=) =Grig=. A woodlouse. At Deverill, S.W.,

+children try to charm it into curling up, when held in the hand, by

+singing:--

+

+    'Granfer Grig killed a pig,

+      Hung un up in corner;

+    Granfer cried and Piggy died,

+      And all the fun was over.'

+

+=Granny= (or =Granny's=) =Nightcap=. _Add_:--*(5) _Geum rivale_, L.,

+Water Avens.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Grigger cake=. Fine paste spread thin like a pancake, and baked on a

+gridiron over a mass of glowing wood-coals.--S.W.

+

+=Ground=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Gubbarn=. _Dele_ 'Should not this be _adj._ instead of _n._?' and

+_add_:--Also used in Glouc. as a noun.

+

+=Guss=. (2) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+

+=Hack=. (1) _Add_:--To hoe; frequently used in S. Wilts.

+

+=Hackle=. (2) _Add_:--~Hackle~, and sometimes ~Shackle~, are used

+at Deverill, while elsewhere in S. Wilts ~Bee-hackle~ is the word

+employed.

+

+=Hames=. _Dele_ 'in drawing,' and add 'with staples to take the

+traces.'

+

+=Hand=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hand-staff=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hanging-post=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill), where ~Har~ is seldom used.

+

+=Hanglers=. _Add_:--In Deverill, a hook used for this purpose is

+known as 'a hangles.'--S.W.

+

+=Har=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill, occasionally.)

+

+=Harl=. _Add_:--~Hardle~ is also used in S. Wilts.

+

+*=Harvest-man=. A kind of Spider with long legs.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heal=. _Add_:--A house is said to be 'unhealed,' or uncovered, when

+the thatch has been stripped off by a storm.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Hearken-back=. To recall.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Heartless=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Heaver=. _Add_:--'Van, heavier, caffin or caving rudder, the

+winnowing fan and tackle' (D.).

+

+=Hill-trot=. _Add_:--*(3) _Anthriscus sylvestris_, Hoffm., Wild

+Beaked-Parsley.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+*=Hitch off=. To release horses from work.--S.W.

+

+*=Honey-pot=. A children's game, in which one child lifts

+another.--S.W.

+

+=Hop-about=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+*=Hopped=. Cracked, as a boiler, by heat.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Huck down=. To beat down in bargaining. 'I hucked un down vrom vive

+shillin' to vower an' zix.' Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, but not

+known there now.--N.W.

+

+=Huckmuck=. (3) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill). _Add_:--(4) _v._ To mess

+about.--S.W.

+

+*=Hun-barrow= (or =-barrer=). A tumulus.--S.W.

+

+*=Hunger-bane=. To starve to death. See ~Bane~.--Obsolete.

+

+    'At Bradfield and Dracot Cerne is such vitriolate earth ...

+    [which] makes the land so soure, it bears sowre and austere

+    plants ... At summer it hunger-banes the sheep: and in winter

+    it rotts them.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 35, ed. Brit.

+

+

+*=Idle=. Full of fun.--S.W.

+

+=It=. Sometimes used in a peculiar way, as 'We'm best be gwain,

+hadn't it?' or, 'We can aal on us ha' a holiday to-day, can't

+it?'--S.W.

+

+

+=Jack-and-his-team=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill); also

+~Jack-and-his-team-goin'-to-pit~, the constellation's motion seeming

+to be from Deverill towards Radstock collieries, as if it were a

+farmer's team going by night to fetch coal thence.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Jag=. _Add_:--(2) 'Wull, to be shower, they chrysantums is

+beautiful! They be aal in a jag!' i.e. all out in large heads of

+flowers.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Jerry-shop=. A 'Tommy-shop,' conducted on the truck system, now

+illegal. Much used about Swindon at the time the railway was being

+made there.--Obsolete.

+

+*=Jiffle=. _Add_:--Mr. F. M. Willis writes us that he once heard this

+word used in connexion with a horse, when a bad rider who was pulling

+its head about was told not to jiffle it.

+

+=Job=, or =Jobble about=. To do little jobs. 'I cain't do moor'n

+jobble about now.'--N.W.

+

+*=July-flower grass=. See *~Gillyflower-grass~.

+

+

+=Kiss-me-quick=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Lady-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Lily=, or =Lilies=. _Add_:--*(3) _Ranunculus aquatilis_, L., Water

+Crowfoot.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Linnard=. A linnet, as 'a brown linnard,' 'a green linnard.'

+Formerly used at Clyffe Pypard, where, however, it is obsolete,

+the pronunciation there now being distinctly _Linnut_. Conversely,

+_orchard_ becomes _archet_.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, &c.)

+

+=Long-winded=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Lords-and-Ladies=. _Add_:--The purple spadices are the 'Lords,' and

+the yellow or very light-coloured ones the 'Ladies.'

+

+

+=Maggotty-pie=. _Add_:--At Deverill, thirty years ago, there was a

+nursery rhyme as follows:--

+

+    'Hushaby, baby, the beggar shan't have 'ee,

+      No more shall the maggotty-pie;

+    The rooks nor the ravens shan't carr' thee to heaven,

+      So hushaby, baby, by-by.'

+

+=Mandrake=. _Bryonia dioica_, L., White Bryony. The root is popularly

+supposed to be Mandrake.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard, Heddington.)

+

+=Mask=. To collect acorns. A variant of _mast_.--N.W. (Potterne.)

+

+=Melt=. The spleen of a pig, which forms a favourite dish when

+stuffed.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Milkmaid's-Way=. The Milky Way.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Mimp=. To make believe, to sham. 'Look at she a-settin' up ther,

+mimpin'!' idling, playing the fine lady.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Min=. An exclamation, used like '_snaw_, as 'I'll ketch thee,

+min!'=Note that well. See Barnes, _Glossary to Poems_.--S.W.

+(Deverill.)

+

+*=Monkey Must=. _Melampyrum arvense_, L., Cow-wheat.--N.W.

+(Heddington.)

+

+=Mump=. To sulk. 'How ter'ble mumping she do look!'--N.W.

+

+=Nammet-bag=. A luncheon-bag.--S.W.

+

+=Neck-headland=. _Add_:--Common at Deverill.--S.W.

+

+=Noddy=. Weakly, ailing.--N.W.

+

+=Nog=. _Add_:--Also used of a lump of cheese, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Not-cow=. _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Nuncheon=. _Add_:--About Salisbury Nuncheon is between 10 and 10.30

+a.m., and again at 4 p.m., and is a very small meal, merely a piece

+of bread and glass of beer, while Nammet is at 12, and is equivalent

+to dinner.

+

+

+=Off=. 'A can't be off puttin' up a covey o' pa'tridges, if so be as

+a goes whoam athert Four-Acre,' i.e. he cannot possibly help doing

+it.--N.W.

+

+=Out=. _n._ The outcome or result of an attempt to do a thing. 'A

+offered vor to do some draishin', but a made a ter'ble poor out

+on't,' i.e. he had little to show for his labour.--N.W.

+

+

+=Parson's nose=. A goose's tail, when served up at table.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Peter Grievous=. _Add_:--Children who look as if they thought

+themselves sadly 'put upon' by their elders are said to be

+'Peter-grievous.'

+

+=Pigs=. (2) _Add_:--In Berks woodlice are called _Church-pigs_.

+

+*=Pimple=, =Pumple=. The head. Used by children.--S.W. (Deverill).

+

+*=Pisty-poll=. A child riding with his legs on your shoulders is said

+to be carried 'a pisty-poll.'--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Ploughing terms=. The first furrows ploughed are those 'veered

+out' to mark the 'lands.' On each side of this 'veering out' furrow

+a fresh furrow is ploughed, turning the earth into it. This is

+'topping up,' or 'shutting the top up,' and becomes the centre and

+highest point of the 'land.' When the 'lands' have been all but

+ploughed, there remains between them a strip, two furrows wide,

+still unploughed. This is 'the Ent,' and is halved by the plough,

+one half being turned up one way, and the other half the other way.

+There remains then a furrow just twice the ordinary width. The plough

+is taken down this, and half of it is turned up again on one side,

+the result being a narrow furrow some inches deeper than any other,

+called the 'Zid-furrer' or Seed-furrow.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=Plumb=. 'A plumb man,' an upright man, one who always keeps his

+word.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Polly Dishwasher=. _Motacilla_, The Wagtail.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Pot-hangel=. The same as Hanglers, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Prick-timber=. _Euonymus Europaeus_, L., Spindle-tree.--N. & S.W.,

+obsolete.

+

+    'Prick-timber ... is common, especially in North Wilts. The

+    butchers doe make skewers of it,--because it doth not taint the

+    meate as other wood will doe: from whence it hath the name of

+    prick-timber.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 56, ed. Brit.

+

+=Purry=. Turnips sometimes get quite 'purry,' i.e. become spongy

+and bad and full of holes. Perhaps a contraction of _purrished_

+(perished).--N.W.

+

+

+*=Quag=. _n._ A shake, a state of trembling. 'He's all of a quag with

+fear.'--S.W.

+

+*=Quean=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quob=. (2) _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Quobble=. _n._ and _v._ After being a long while at the wash-tub

+a woman's hands are apt to get 'all in a quobble,' or 'ter'ble

+quobbled,' that is, shrivelled and drawn and wrinkled up. See

+~Sob~.--N.W.

+

+

+=Ramblers=. Potatoes left by chance in the ground, which come up

+again the next year.--N.W.

+

+*=Rammil-cheese=. Cheese made of raw unskimmed milk.--S.W.

+

+=Ramp=. _Add_:--(2) _v._ To rage, as 'My bad tooth just about ramped

+aal laas' night.'--N.W.

+

+=Ramping=. _Add_:--(2) Of pain, violent, raging. 'I wur in that

+rampin' pain, I didn't know whur to get to.'--N.W.

+

+*=Rook-worm=. A cockchafer grub.--Obsolete.

+

+    'I have heard knowing countreymen affirme that rooke-wormes,

+    which the crows and rookes doe devour at sowing time, doe turn

+    to chafers.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 67, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Round market=. See quotation.

+

+    'Warminster is exceeding much frequented for a round

+    corn-market on Saturday.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 114,

+    ed. Brit.

+

+=Ruck=. (1) _n._ A crease in a stocking, &c.--N.W. (2) _v._ To crease

+or wrinkle up. 'My shirt wur aal rucked up under my arms, an' I

+cudden' kip un down nohow.'--N.W. (3) Hence, to rub and gall. 'Thuck

+ther new boot hev a-rucked she's heel ter'ble bad.'--N.W.

+

+*=Ruddock=. _Sylvia rubecula_, Robin Redbreast. In common use at

+Warminster, though unknown a few miles away.--S.W.

+

+*=Rumpled-skein=. _Add_:--Used of a tradesman's books, when badly

+kept and hard to balance.--N.W. (Glouc. bord.)

+

+

+=Sankers=, =Shankers=, or =Sinkers=. Stockings without feet.--N.W.

+See _The Scouring of the White Horse_, ch. vi. p. 128.

+

+=Sar=. _Add_:--*(3) To earn. See note on Akerman, in Ellis's _English

+Dialects_, p. 29.

+

+=Scrinchet=. A scrap of food, a shred of stuff, &c.--N.W. (Huish.)

+

+=Scroop=. (1) _n._ A saving or miserly person.--N.W. (2) _v._ To save

+up, to screw and scrape.--N.W.

+

+=Seed-furrow=. See ~Ploughing terms~.

+

+=Serve=. See ~Sar~.

+

+=Shacketty=. Ricketty, shaky.--N.W.

+

+*=Shackle=. The straw covering of a hive. A sibilated form of

+_Hackle_, q.v.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shail=. To walk crookedly or awkwardly, to shamble along.--N.W.

+(Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+*=Shame-faced Maiden=. _Add_:--*(2) _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L.,

+Spiked Star of Bethlehem.--S.W. (Little Langford.)

+

+=Shankers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Shatter=. To scatter, to sprinkle. 'Shatter th' pepper well auver'n,

+do 'ee!'--N.W.

+

+=Shattering=. A sprinkling. 'Put just a shatterin' on't.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shirpings=. The rough grass and weeds by the river banks, which

+cannot be mown with the scythe, and have to be cut afterwards with a

+sickle.--S.W. (Salisbury.)

+

+=Short=. Tender. Roast mutton ought to 'eat short.'--N.W.

+

+*=Shreeving=. Picking up windfalls, &c., in an orchard.--S.W.

+

+=Shrimpy=. Shrivelled, poor.--N. & S.W.

+

+*=Shrovy=. Puny, as 'What a shrovy child!' Cp. _Shrievy_, applied in

+Hants to stuff with some of the threads pulled out.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Shucky=. Rough, jolty: used of roads when the surface is frozen and

+rutty.--N.W.

+

+=Shuffle=. To hurry along. 'I wur shufflin' to get whoam avore dree.'

+Cf. ~Shuffet~.--N.W.

+

+=Sinkers=. See ~Sankers~.

+

+=Slink=. Bad diseased meat.

+

+*=Sloot=. To defraud.--N.W. (Berks bord.)

+

+=Slox=, =Slocks=. (2) To wear out clothes by careless use of them.

+Compare ~Hock about~.--N.W.

+

+*=Slut's-farthings=. Small hard lumps in badly kneaded bread.

+

+=Snake-stones=. Fossil Ammonites.--N.W., occasionally still used.

+

+    'About two or three miles from the Devises are found in a pitt

+    snake-stones (_Cornua ammonis_) no bigger than a sixpence, of a

+    black colour.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 45, ed. Brit.

+

+    'In this parish [Wootton Bassett] are found delicate

+    snake-stones of a reddish gray.'--JACKSON'S _Aubrey_, p. 204.

+

+=Snug=. Well, in health, comfortable. 'I be main glad to hire as your

+missus be so snug [is doing so well] a'ter her confinement.'--N.W.

+

+=Sob=. To sodden with wet. Cf. ~Sobbled~.--N.W.

+

+*=Split-house=. A joint tenancy?

+

+    'Whereas we ... being inhabitants of the town of Marlborough

+    ... have ... for many years past, fed and depastured our mares

+    and geldings, two to each inhabitant not being certificate

+    men nor split houses, in the said earl's Forest of Savernak,

+    &c.'--1790, Agistment Deed as to Savernake Forest, quoted in

+    Waylen's _History of Marlborough_, p. 421.

+

+=Spray=. To splay a sow, when set aside for fattening.--N.W.

+

+*=Squailings=, =Squailens=. Ungathered apples.--S.W.

+

+=Staid=. _Add_:--Sometimes applied to an old horse or other animal.

+

+*=Stars-and-garters=. _Ornithogalum umbellatum_, L., Star of

+Bethlehem.--N.W. (Heddington.)

+

+=Starvation cold=. Extremely cold. See ~Starve~.--S.W.

+

+=Steart=. (1) _Add_:--Used at Salisbury by a gas-fitter of the small

+projection turned by the gas-key.

+

+*=Stipe=, =Steip=. _Add_:--~Steep~.--S.W., still in use about

+Salisbury.

+

+*=Strikes=. Segments of iron for wheel-binding.--S.W.

+

+=Stubs=. (4) _Add_:--S.W.

+

+=Studdly=. _Add_:--also ~Stoodly~.

+

+*=Sucker= (_Zucker_). A spout from the roof.--S.W.

+

+=Summer-folds=. Freckles which come in summer time.--N.W.

+

+

+=Tear=. _Add_:--Mr. Powell writes us that at Deverill this is still

+used of breaking crockery, &c.--S.W.

+

+=Teart=. (3) _Add_:--Acrimonious. _Tort_ in Aubrey.

+

+    'The North Wilts horses, and other stranger horses, when they

+    come to drinke of the water of Chalke-river, they will sniff

+    and snort, it is so cold and tort.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, pp. 23-24, ed. Brit.

+

+    'This riverwater [Chalke stream] is so acrimonious, that

+    strange horses when they are watered here will snuff and snort,

+    and cannot well drinke of it till they have been for some time

+    used to it.'--_Ibid._ p. 28.

+

+=Terrify=. *(3) _Add_:--This is a Gloucestershire use of the word.

+

+*=Thee and Thou=. (1) 'He thee'd and thou'd us,' said of a clergyman

+who was very familiar with his flock.--S.W. (2) _v._ To abuse

+violently, to insult a person by addressing him in the second person

+singular. A man complained of the way in which his neighbours had

+been abusing him, the climax of it all being reached when they began

+to 'thee and thou' him.--N. & S.W.

+

+=Thetches=. _Add_:--~Thatch~. _Vicia sativa_, L.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+All vetches are known as 'Thetches' or 'Thatches' in Wilts, being

+'Blue,' 'Yellow,' or 'Red' Thetches according to the colour of the

+flower.

+

+=Thread-the-needle=. A very complicated form of this

+children's game is played at Deverill, under the name of

+Dred-th'-wold-'ooman's-needle.--S.W.

+

+*=Thunder-stones=. Nodules of iron pyrites. *~Hunder-stones~, q.v.,

+may be merely a misreading of the MS.

+

+    'Thunder-stones, as the vulgar call them, are a pyrites; their

+    fibres do all tend to the centre. They are found at Broad

+    Chalke frequently.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 40, ed.

+    Brit.

+

+=Tine=. _Add_:--(6) To collect and burn couch and weeds in the

+fields.--N.W.

+

+    'What 'ould thy husband do ... if thee was too vine to turn

+    hay, or go tinin' or leazin'?'--_Dark_, ch. XV.

+

+*=Tippertant=. A young upstart.--S.W.

+

+*=Trip=. A brood or flock, as 'A vine trip o' vowels (fowls).' In

+a MS. in the Bodleian a herd of tame swine is defined as a _trip_,

+while one of wild swine is a _sounder_.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+*=Tucky=. Sticky.--S.W.

+

+*=Turning-the-barrel=. A game in which two children stand back to

+back, locking their arms behind them, and lifting each other by turns

+from the ground.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+

+=Under-creep=. _v._ To get the upper hand of by deceit, to overreach

+any one.--S.W. (Britford and Harnham.)

+

+*=Underground Shepherd=. _Orchis mascula_, L., Early Purple

+Orchis.--S.W. (Charlton.)

+

+=Unhealed=. See ~Heal~.

+

+=Vitty=. Close, closely. Cp. _fitly_, Eph. iv. 16.--N.W.

+

+

+*=Warning-stone=. _Add_:--

+

+    'The bakers take a certain pebble, which they put in the

+    vaulture of their oven, which they call the warning-stone: for

+    when that is white the oven is hot.'--AUBREY'S _Nat. Hist.

+    Wilts_, p. 43, ed. Brit.

+

+*=Water-sparrow=. _Salicaria phragmitis_, the Sedge Warbler. Cp.

+~Brook-sparrow~.--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Whinnock=. To whimper.--N.W.

+

+=Whinnocky=. A whinnocky child is one that is always ailing and

+whimpering.--N.W. (Clyffe Pypard.)

+

+=White-livered=. _Add_:--S.W. (Deverill.)

+

+=Winter-stuff=. Winter-greens.--N.W.

+

+*=Witch-hazel=. _Ulmus montana_, Sm.

+

+    'In Yorkshire is plenty of trees, which they call elmes; but

+    they are wich-hazells, as we call them in Wilts.'--AUBREY'S

+    _Nat. Hist. Wilts_, p. 54, ed. Brit.

+

+=Wrastle=. _Add_:--Measles, for instance, 'wrastles' all over the

+face very quickly.

+

+

+*=Zwail=. To shake about: to swing the arms.--S.W. (Deverill, &c.)

+

+

+

+

+SPECIMENS OF DIALECT

+

+We have thought it advisable to supplement the brief examples

+of folk-talk which will be found in the body of this work by a

+few somewhat longer specimens, which may be taken as accurately

+representing the speech current at the present time among the

+villages in North Wilts. Mr. Slow has kindly added a similar specimen

+for South Wilts. The extracts from Akerman exemplify the North Wilts

+speech of some fifty or sixty years ago.

+

+

+EXTRACTS FROM THE GENUINE REMAINS OF WILLIAM LITTLE[1].

+

+By J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+(From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 165-179.)

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+I.

+

+There be two zarts o' piple in this here world ov ourn: they as works

+ael day lang and ael the year round, and they as dwon't work at ael.

+The difference is jist a graat a-year, and they as dwon't work at ael

+gets the graat--that's zartin!

+

+II.

+

+It's oondervul to me how thengs _do_ move about whenever a body's got

+a drap o' zummut in's yead. Last harrest, a'ter zupper, at th' house

+yander, I walked whoam by myzelf, and zeed the moon and the zeven

+stars dancin' away like vengeance. Then they girt elmen trees in the

+close was a dancin' away like Bill Iles and his mates at a morris.

+'My zarvice to 'e,' zays I; 'I haups you won't tread on my twoes;'

+zo I went drough a sheard in th' hedge, instead o' goin' drough th'

+geat. Well, when I got whoam, I managed to vind the kay-hole o' th'

+doower--but 'twas a lang time afore I could get un to bide still

+enough,--and got up stayers. Massy upon us! the leetle table (I zeed

+un very plain by the light o' th' moon) was runnin' round th' room

+like mad, and there was th' two owld chayers runnin' a'ter he, and by

+and by, round comes the bed a'ter they two. 'Ha! ha!' zays I, 'that's

+very vine; but how be I to lay down while you cuts zich capers?'

+Well, the bed comed round dree times, and the vowerth time I drowd

+myzelf flump atop ov un; but in th' marnin' I vound myzelf laying on

+the vloor, wi' ael me duds on! I never _could_ make out this.

+

+III.

+

+I've allus bin as vlush o' money as a twoad is o' veathers; but,

+if ever I gets rich, I'll put it ael in Ziszeter bank, and not do

+as owld Smith, the miller, did, comin' whoam vrom market one nite.

+Martal avraid o' thieves a was, zo a puts his pound-bills and ael th'

+money a'd a got about un, in a hole in the wall, and the next marnin'

+a' couldn't remember whereabouts 'twas, and had to pull purty nigh a

+mile o' wall down before a' could vind it. Stoopid owld wosbird!

+

+IV.

+

+Owld Jan Wilkins used to zay he allus cut's stakes when a went a

+hedgin', too lang; bekaze a' cou'd easily cut 'em sharter if a

+wanted, but a' cou'dn't make um langer if 'em was cut too shart. Zo

+zays I; zo I allus axes vor more than I wants. Iv I gets that, well

+and good; but if I axes vor little, and gets less, it's martal akkerd

+to ax a zecond time, d'ye kneow!

+

+V.

+

+Maester Tharne used to zay as how more vlies was cot wi' zugar or

+honey than wi' vinegar, and that even a body's enemies med be

+gammoned wi' vine words. Jim Pinniger zeemed to thenk zo too, when

+a run agin the jackass one dark night. Jem tuk th' beawst vor th'

+devil, and cot un by th' ear. '_Zaat's yer harn, zur_' (Soft's your

+horn, sir), zays Jem.

+

+VI.

+

+Old Iles was drunk vor dree days together last Lammas, and a laid

+down by the doower, and wanted zomebody to hauld un. When they axed

+if a'd ha' a leetle drap mwore, a'd zeng out, 'Noa, noa, I won't

+ha' a drap.'--'Do'e,' zaid they,--'do'e ha' a drap mwore.'--'Noa, I

+won't, not a drap,' a grunted. At last another tried un, and then th'

+owld bwoy cried out, 'Noa, I can't get a drap mwore down m';--drow't

+auver m'veace!'

+

+VII.

+

+Measter Goddin used to zay as how childern costed a sight o' money to

+breng um up, but 'twas all very well whilst um was leetle, and zucked

+th' mother, but when um begun to zuck the vather, 'twas nation akkerd.

+

+VIII.

+

+Measter Cuss, and his zun Etherd, went to Lonnun a leetle time zence;

+and when um got to their journey's ind, Measter Cuss missed a girt

+passel a carr'd wi' un to th' cwoach. 'Lor', vather!' zays Etherd, 'I

+zeed un drap out at 'Vize!' (Devizes.)

+

+IX.

+

+When I was a young man I had a dog, a precious 'cute un a was

+too! A'd catch a hare like a grayhound. I've cot a scare o'

+rabbuts wi' him in one night. By and by zomebody zays to the

+kippur, thuck William's got a dog as plays th' devil wi' ael th'

+game. Zo th' kippur comes up to m' one day, and zays, zays he,

+'Maester Little, thuck dog o' yourn's a bad un; a gwos huntin', I'm

+towld.' 'Lar bless'e!' zays I, 'a wou'dn't harm a mouse, that a

+wou'dn't.'--'Dwon't b'lieve it!' zays he. 'Come along wi' I by thuck

+copse yonder.'--Zo as us walked alang, up jumps a hare and away a

+scampers. 'Hollo! hollo!' zays I to the dog, but a slunk behind

+m' _di_rectly wi's tail between's legs. 'Ha!' zays th' kippur, 'I

+b'lieves 'e now, Little. Them as zays your dog hunts be liars, that's

+zartin. I'll be cussed if I dwon't thenk a's vrightened o' th' game,

+that I do!' and zo a walked away, and wished m' good marnin'.--'Zo,

+ho!' thought I; 'you be 'nation 'cute, you be, Maester Kippur. If

+instead o' "_hollo_!" I'd a cried "_coom hedder_!" a'd a run a'ter

+thuck hare like mad!'

+

+[_Note._--The point of this story is that the poacher's dog had been

+trained to understand the usual orders in _exactly the opposite

+sense_, as the Devonshire smugglers' horses were in old days.

+Thus, the more a smuggler called on his horse to stop, when he was

+challenged by an Excise officer, the faster it would gallop off, the

+owner all the while apparently endeavouring to check it but really

+urging it on. See Mrs. Bray's _Description of Devon_.]

+

+X.

+

+'How far d'e cal't to Zirencester, my friend?' zays a Cockney

+genelman one day to owld Pople, as a wor breakin' stwones on th'

+road. 'Dwont kneow zich a please,' zays he, scrattin's yead, 'never

+yeard on't avore!'--'What!' zays the genelman, 'never heard o'

+Zirencester?'--'Noa,' zays he, 'I aint.'--'Why, it's the next town.'

+'Haw! haw!' zays Pople; 'you means _Ziszeter_; why didn't'e zay so?

+it's about vower mile off.'--He was a rum owld customer, thuck owld

+Pople. One day zomebody axed un how var't was to Ziszeter. 'Ho! dree

+miles this weather.' (It was nation dirty and slippy.) 'Why so?' zaid

+the man to'n; 'Ho, it's about two miles in vine weather; but when

+it's hocksey, like this, we allows a mile vor zlippin' back!'

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[1] William Little was a shepherd in North Wilts, and was an old man

+when Akerman was a boy.

+

+

+THE HARNET AND THE BITTLE.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    A Harnet zet in a hollow tree,--

+    A proper spiteful twoad was he,--

+    And a merrily zung while a did zet

+    His stinge as zharp as a baganet,

+    'Oh, who's zo bowld and vierce as I?--

+    I vears not bee, nor wapse, nor vly!'

+        _Chorus_--Oh, who's zo bowld, etc.

+

+    A Bittle up thuck tree did clim',

+    And scarnvully did luk at him.

+    Zays he, 'Zur Harnet, who giv' thee

+    A right to zet in thuck there tree?

+    Although you zengs so nation vine,

+    I tell'e it's a house o' mine.'

+        _Chorus_--Although you zengs, etc.

+

+    The Harnet's conscience velt a twinge,

+    But growin' bould wi' his long stinge,

+    Zays he, 'Possession's the best law,

+    Zo here th' shasn't put a claw.

+    Be off, and leave the tree to me:

+    The Mixen's good enough vor thee!'

+        _Chorus_--Be off, and leave, etc.

+

+    Just then a Yuccle passin' by

+    Was axed by them their cause to try.

+    'Ha! ha! it's very plain,' zays he,

+    'They'll make a vamous nunch for me!'

+    His bill was zharp, his stomack lear,

+    Zo up a snapped the caddlin pair.

+        _Chorus_--His bill was zharp, etc.

+

+    MORAL.

+

+    All you as be to law inclined,

+    This leetle story bear in mind;

+    For if to law you ever gwo,

+    You'll vind they'll allus zarve'e zo;

+    You'll meet the vate o' these 'ere two:

+    They'll take your cwoat and carcass too!

+        _Chorus_--You'll meet the vate, etc.

+

+                          From _Wiltshire Tales_, pp. 96-97.

+

+[A phonetic version of this song, representing the Chippenham

+dialect, will be found at pp. 28, 29 of Ellis's _English

+Dialects--their Sounds and Homes_, where it is pointed out that

+_stinge_ (with _g_ soft) appears to have been invented by Akerman for

+the sake of the rhyme here.]

+

+

+_From_ THE VARGESES.

+

+BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+'Now, do'e plaze to walk in a bit, zur, and rest'e, and dwont'e mind

+my measter up agin th' chimley carner. Poor zowl an hin, he've a bin

+despert ill ever zence t'other night, when a wur tuk ter'ble bad

+wi' th' rheumatiz in's legs and stummick. He've a bin and tuk dree

+bottles o' doctor's stuff; but I'll be whipped if a do simbly a bit

+th' better var't. Lawk, zur, but I be main scrow to be ael in zich a

+caddle, ael alang o' they childern. They've a bin a leasin, and when

+um coomed whoame, they ael tuk and drowed the carn ael among th' vire

+stuff, and zo here we be, ael in a muggle like. And you be lookin'

+middlinish, zur, and ael as if'e was shrammed. I'll take and bleow up

+th' vire a mossel; but what be them bellises at? here they be slat

+a-two! and here's my yeppurn they've a'bin and scarched, and I've

+a-got narra 'nother 'gin Zunday besepts thisum!'--_Wiltshire Tales_,

+pp. 137-8.

+

+

+THOMAS'S WIVES.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Lawk aw! if 'tean't Thomas! and how be you? I han't seen 'ee fur a

+lenth o' time.--An' they tells I as you've a got a new missis agean!

+That's the vowerth, yun it?'

+

+'Ees, I 'spose te-uz. Thur, didden sim right 'snaw wi'out a 'ooman

+down thur, 'tes sich a girt gabborn place thuck wold house. Do zim

+zart o' unkid to bide thur by yerself. 'Tes so lonesome, perticler

+night-times. Thur yun't narra naighber aniest 'ee, an' if a body wur

+ill ur anythin' o' that, 'tud be just about a job 'snaw.'

+

+'An' do the new missis shoot 'ee main well?'

+

+'Aw thur, I ban't got nothen to zaay agen th' 'ooman. Th' 'ooman's

+wull enough as fur as I knaaws on. Her's a decent staid body 'snaw.

+'Tean't likely as I wur a gwain to hae no hans wi' none o' they

+giglettin' wenchen--they got so many 'oonderments to 'em when they be

+so young.'

+

+'An' 'cordin' as I da hire tell on't her've a got a bit o' money

+saved, haven' her?'

+

+'O' course her got summat 'snaw, but Lor' bless 'ee! tean't nothen

+near as much as vawk says for.'

+

+'Wull, 'tean't no odds to I, but they was a zaayin' up at public as

+aal your wives had zummut when they come to you; an' they did zaay as

+you must ha' made a main good thing out on't wi' one an' tother on

+em!'

+

+'What good is it to hearken to they? I tell 'ee what 'tes--What wi'

+bringin' on 'em in an' carr'n on 'em out, 'tean't but _vurry_ leetle

+profit to't!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+MANSLAUGHTER AT 'VIZE 'SIZES.

+

+[North Wilts: Devizes.]

+

+_Counsel._ What do you know about this case?

+

+_Witness._ What do 'ee zaay? I be zo hard o' hirin', I caan't hire

+nothen, wi'out I comes handier to 'ee.

+

+_Counsel._ What did you see the prisoner do?

+

+_Witness._ Aw! I tell'd 'ee avore as I zeed it aal. I wurden no

+furder awaay vrom un then I be vrom thuck owld gent thur [the Judge].

+Bill Stevens he come out an' a zaays, zaays he, 'I'll breaek thee

+mazzard vor the'!' an' a offer'd to hit un wi' a graft as he wur a

+carr'n. An' Jim he up wi' he's showl an' hut un auver th' yead wi't.

+An' if _he_ hadden a hut he, he'd a hut _he_, an' if he'd a hut _he_

+as _he_ hut he, he'd a killed _he_, 'sted o' _he_ killin' he! That's

+aal as I knaws on't!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+HOW OUR ETHERD GOT THE PEWRESY.

+

+[North Wilts: Hilmarton.]

+

+Etherd he bin sart o' rough fur this long time, wuver he never bin

+not to say well since he wur bad wi' the influenzy las' year. A

+ketched a cowld the day as thuck rain wur. A wur up at hill wi' the

+ship out in the bleat, an' a cudden get into the succour nowur, and

+vor aal as he wur droo wet he wur foc'd to bide in't aal day. An'

+when a cum whoam at night a says to I, 'Mary,' a says, 'I feels

+_ter'ble_ middlin'. I got a mind to ha' a bit o' zupper an gwo to

+bed.' Wull, I got un out the berd an' cheese out o' the panterny,

+but do you thenk as he cud yeat or a mossel on't? not if anybody

+had a gied he the _wurld_, a cudden't, a said. An' a simmed zart

+o' shrammed wi' the cowld, an' a did kip on a coughin a'ter he got

+into bed, and simmin to I a never stopped till the clock hut dree,

+and then that rampin pain cum on at such a rate in hes zide, as he

+didden knaw wur to get to, nur what to do. An' that follered on aal

+day, and I cudden get un to take next akin to nothin', and allus a

+wantin summut to drenk. That wur aal he's cry. Thur I made _shower_

+as he'd a died avore the doctor come. Bill he went in to fetch un,

+but a never come till Vriday aaternoon, and a said as he'd a got the

+pewresy and he'd send un along a bottle o' medecine, but Etherd he

+wudden take it 'snaw, fur a said twern't nuthen in _this wurl_' but a

+drop o' water wi' some peppermint in't or summat o' that. An' Sally

+Moore her come in wi' some hoss-fat as come out o' thuck owld hoss

+o' Mas' John's as vull in the pit, an' her 'suaded I to rub some o'

+that into un, an' that sim to do he more good bless 'ee thun aal the

+doctor's medecine. Wuver the doctor he come agean isterday marnin',

+and a axed un how a wur. An' a spawk up bless 'ee and telled un

+straight as twern't nor a mozzel o' good fur he to zend no more o'

+thuck stuff as he zent avore, fur a zaid as twern't wuth a louse's

+liver! The doctor he didden like ut vurry well, but a telled I as

+he'd channge it, an' zo a did. A let the bwoy ride back along wi' un,

+an' a brought back this yer bottle wi' summat wrote on't. But thur

+I bean't no scholard, and the bwoy he cudden rade it, but a zaid as

+the doctor tell'd he as a wurden to take but one spoonvull on't once

+in vower hours. Zo I gied un a dawse, but he 'suaded I to gie un two

+spoonvulls, and I'll warn as a hadden a took ut _vive_ minutes avore

+twer _aal awver'n--back, bully, an' zides_! Now that's what I caals

+zome o' the right zart that, and I got faith as that'll do he good!

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+GWOIN' RAYTHER TOO FUR WI' A VEYTHER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+My veyther now, he never 'oudden yeat none o' this here Hostilian

+meaet nor nuthen o' that. I axed un one day why a 'oudden, and a zes,

+'Do meak I shrill, the vurry _sight_ on't do--they tells I as't do

+come vrom wur the War is, an' 'tes made o' souldiers a pretty deal

+on't. Wuver nobody shan't 'suade I to hae none on't.' And he 'oudden,

+bless 'ee! not if you was to gie un _ever_ so!

+

+Wull, my brother Jim, he kneowed this o' course, an' he do most in

+general ax veyther an' mother an' aal on us to come to zupper wi'

+he about Christmas time--he wur allus vurry good for anything o'

+that--an' laas' year aal on us had a zot down to zupper, an' ther wur

+a girt pie at Jim's end, an' Sarah her had a piece o' biled bif--ur

+wur 'twer mutton I caan't rightly mind--wuver dwon't meak no odds as

+I kneows on which twer--an' Jim he zes to veyther, 'Veyther, which

+be a gwain to hae, some o' this here pie ur some o' thick biled bif

+as Sally got down tother end?' An' veyther zes, 'What's the pie made

+on then?' An' Jim he zes, ''Tes mutton, yunnit, Sally?' 'Aw,' zes

+veyther, 'I wur allus _ter'ble_ vond o' mutton pie, an' our Mary her

+never 'oon't gie I none on't at whoam.'

+

+Zo veyther he had a plate vull on't, an' a begun a gettin' this yer

+pie into un at a _terrible_ rate, an' when a done, Jim zes, 'What

+be gwain at now, veyther? Wull 'ee channge yer mind an' hae some o'

+tother?' 'No,' zes veyther, 'I'll hae some more o' thuck pie. I caals

+it oncommon good. I dwont knaw when I've a teasted anythen as I likes

+better'n thuck pie.' An' a did jist about enjoy hesself, bless 'ee,

+awver's zupper.

+

+An' when a done, Jim zes, 'Veyther,' a zes, 'Do 'ee kneow what thuck

+pie wur made on?' 'Noa,' zes veyther, 'I dwont, any more'n you zed as

+'twer meaed o' mutton, didden 'ee? Let it be whatever 'twill, 'twer

+uncommon good.'

+

+An' Jim he looks at un zart o' comical, an' a zes, 'Veyther, 'twer

+meaed o' some o' thuck Hostilian meat as you zed as nobody shudden

+'suade 'ee to yeat none on!'

+

+An' zimmin to I veyther's feace turned zart o' aal colours, and a

+zes, 'Lawk a massey! dwon 'ee tell I that, ur I shall drow't aal up

+agean!' An' none on us dursen zaay no more to un, a look'd so guly,

+we was aveard as he 'ood.

+

+But aater 'bout a haaf an hour Jim he zes, 'Veyther, an' how d'ee

+feel now?' An' veyther zes, 'Aw, 'tes better now,' but a zes, 'I

+thenk,' a zes, 'as this here is a gwoin' rayther too fur wi' a

+veyther!'

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+NOTHEN AS I LIKES WUSSER.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+'Tes allus a caddlin' zart of a job takin' they fat beasties to

+Swinnun Market, but dall'd if ever I had such a doin' wi'em afore as

+'twer isterday. 'Twer thuck thur white-veaced un as Measter bought

+off a ole Collins laas' yer as done it. I'd a nauticed as he wur a

+pankin' tur'ble as we was a gwain up the hill, an' as zoon as iver he

+got vorright the Red Lion he 'oudden go no furder,--an' thur a wur

+led down in the middle o' the strit. Thur yun't nothen as I likes

+wusser'n that, bless 'ee! Thur be such a sight o' 'oondermentin'

+chaps a gaapsin' about thur allus, a body caan't bide quiet nohow fur

+their maggots. And then if 'ee ses arra word to 'em they puts 'ee

+in the _Noos_, an' that's wussern' aal on't! Thuck girt gaapus Bill

+Wilkins come up, an' a begun a laafin' at I, an' a axed wur I'd a

+slep on the rwoad laas' night.--Dall'd if I hadden a mine to ha' gien

+he what-for thur-right, if't hadden a bin fur the narration as they'd

+a made on't. A wur allus a terrible voolhardy zart of a chap, an' I

+niver coudden away wi' a lot o' that 'oondermentin'. Simmin to I I'd

+zooner walk ten mile roun' than hae to stan up in 'Ootton strit like

+a vool wi' they chaps a terrifyin' on 'ee.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+PUTTEN' UP TH' BANNS.

+

+[South Wilts: Wilton.]

+

+Wen Zal Slatter coorteed Jim Bleak he wur under carter, an' she wur

+maid a ael wuk up at Hill Varm. Zoo thay 'greed ta putt up tha banns

+unbeknown to their measter an' missus. Wen Varmer comed out a chirch

+thic Zundy a gooes straight inta kitchen wur Zal wur cookin' a girt

+laig a mutten var dinner, an a zaays, 'Zal,' a zaays, 'Wur that thee

+an' Jim I yeard caal'd whoam bit now?' 'I 'specs 'twur, measter,'

+zaays Zal. 'Why, wat in tha wordle diss thee want ta get married var?

+Hassen a got a good whoam, a good bade ta sleep on? an' a good laig a

+mutten ta zet down to wen bist 'ungry?' 'O eece, measter,' zaays Zal,

+'I knaas ael that, bit did 'ee ever know a wench as hooden gie up a

+laig o' mutten var a whole man?'

+

+                                                    E. SLOW.

+

+

+THE CANNINGS VAWK.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+I niver wur at Cannin's but once as I knaws on, an' that wur when

+Mr. Jones wur alive. I went awver wi' he to Cannin's Veast. I mind

+thur wur a lot on 'em thur from Ca'an [Calne] as wur a tellin' up

+zuch tales as was never about the Cannin's vawk. The' tell'd I as

+zome on 'em got up the Church tower, and dunged that thur--what is

+it?--a-top o' the tower, to make un grow as big as the spire. I never

+he-ard tell o' zuch a thing! Should 'ee iver thenk as 'twer true?

+An' the' tell'd I as 'twern't but a vurry veow years ago as zome on

+'em hired as ther wur a comut ur what 'ee caals ut, to be zeed in

+'Vize market-place, an' pretty nigh aal Cannin's went in thur to zee

+un, an' niver thought o' lookin' to zee wur they cudden zee un at

+whoam. What some girt stups they must a bin! An' thur wur a cooper ur

+zummat o' that, as cudden putt th' yead into a barr'l; an' a tell'd

+he's bwoy to get inside and howld un up till he'd a vastened un.

+An' when a done the bwoy hollered out droo the bung hawl, 'How be

+I to get out, veyther?'--That bit tickled I, bless 'ee! moor'n aal

+on't! Arterwards one on 'em axed I if thur wurden a Cannin's girl in

+sarvice at our place; an' I zes 'I b'lieve as 'tes.' An' a zes, 'Do

+'ee iver zaa _Baa_! to she?' An' I zes 'Noa, vur why should I zaay

+_Baa_! to she?' An' a zes 'You should allus zaay _Baa_! to a body as

+comes vrom Cannin's.' 'Wull,' I zes, 'I shudden like to zaay _Baa_!

+to any body wi'out I know'd the rason on't.' An' then a tell'd I as

+the' had a tiddlin' lamb as wur ter'ble dickey, an' the' putt un

+into th' o-ven, to kip un warm' an' shut un in an' forgot aal about

+un, an lef' un in thur. An' when the' awpened the o-ven agean a wur

+rawsted droo!--Wull, I come whoam, an' niver thought nothen more

+on't fur a lenth o' time, till one daay as I wur a workin' in the

+garden, measter an' missus wur out, an' the girls come out an' begun

+a 'oondermentin' an' terrifyin' I. An' aal at once this yer shot

+into my mind, an' I looks up at the cook an' I zes, '_Baa_!' But her

+didden take no nautice, an' a went on chatterin'. An' I zes '_Baa_!'

+agean. An' that put her pot on, bless 'ee! at a terrible rate, an'

+she zes to I, 'Who be _you_'--she zes,--'to zaay _Baa_! to I?' An'

+wi' that they boath on 'em went auf in-a-doors, an' they niver come a

+meddlin' wi' I agean fur a long whiles.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+LUNNON AVORE ANY WIFE.

+

+[North Wilts: Clyffe Pypard.]

+

+Thur's our Bill, 'snaw--I had a main job to get he to gwoa. He bin

+a walkin' wi' thuck ginger-headed wench o' Smith's--a wur terrible

+took up wi' she a bit back, an' her bin a 'suading he to putt up the

+banns. A never zed nothen to I about ut, nit I never zed nothen to

+he not afore laas' Vriday wick, an' then there wur a word or two,

+and I zes to un, 'What's thee want wi' a wife? Thee's got no more

+'casion wi' a wife than a twoad has wi' a zide-pawket'--I zes--'an'

+ef thee'se be a-gwain to hae she thee can plase theeself, but thee

+shasn't never hannel narra penny piece o' mine ef thee does! An'

+ther's Shusan's brother-law up a Lunnon, as hev a axed the' _times_

+to gwo up, an' he'd vine the' a pleace wur the' meds't do well.--Why

+dwon't 'ee teak an' gwo, 'stid o' loppettin' about at whoam wi' a

+wench as yun't narra mossel o' good fur cheese-makin' nur nothen else

+'cept 'tes to look vine in thuck new hat o' shis'n?'--Them was my

+words to un, an' he wur zart o' dubous wur a'd gwo ur wur a 'oodden:

+but I sticks it into un as Lunnon wer far afore any wife, let ut be

+who 'twill. An' zo a zed a 'oodden bide yer no longer, fur ef a did

+her'd never let un gwo. An' a started awf thur-right, an' I han't a

+hired from un wur a likes it or wur a dwon't.

+

+                                                    E. H. G.

+

+

+KITCHIN' TH' INFLUENZY.

+

+[North Wilts.]

+

+    Our Jess wur cwoortin' Polly:

+      Her gwoed an' kitched th' plague.

+    'Zo cwoortin's wusser'n volly,'

+      Zes Jess, 'an' I'll renage!'

+

+    Zes Polly, 'Dang thee buttons!

+      Thee gwo an' blaw thee's nause!

+    Zo zhure as zhip be muttons,

+      Th' dain be in thee's claus!'

+

+    Martal aveard wur Jesse,

+      An' tuk an' hiked it whoam.

+    'Bin in my claus 'tes,' zes 'e,

+      'I'll make a bonvire aw'm!'

+

+    Zo off a zoon tuk aal claus,

+      Vrom sankers up ta zmock,

+    Vur weskit, cwoat an' smaal-claus,

+      An' putt 'em in a cock.

+

+    Jess wur a vool, but Lawksies!

+      Thur's zights aw'm wusser'n _he_!

+    It minds I o' Guy Vawks's,

+      Thuck vire o' he's to zee!

+

+    'Twur down in veyther's archet,

+      A gashly smother 'twur,

+    Vor when you comes to scarch it,

+      Thur be a zim to vur!

+

+    But 'twern't no zart o' use on't,

+      A zoon beginned to sneeze--

+    An' when I hires moor news on't,

+      I'll tell 'ee how a be's!

+

+                                                    G. E. D.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX I

+

+A Bibliography of Works relating to Wilts or illustrating its Dialect.

+

+

+Most of the works comprised in the following list have lately been

+read through, and compared with our own _Glossary_, and references

+to many of them will be found in the foregoing pages. Some may

+contain a more or less comprehensive Wiltshire Glossary; others

+only a few words. Some belong absolutely to our own county; others

+merely to the same group of dialects. But all are of value as

+bearing on the subject. The Berks, Dorset, Gloucester, Hants, and

+Somerset Glossaries of course contain a large proportion of words

+and uses that are either absolutely identical with ours, or vary but

+slightly therefrom, while such works as _Amaryllis, Dark, Lettice

+Lisle_, and _Jonathan Merle_ on the one side, and _Old Country Words_

+and _English Plant-names_ on the other, are full of examples and

+illustrations of the South-Western Folk-speech. Even where their

+scene is laid somewhat outside the borders of Wilts itself, the

+dialect, with but trifling alterations, would pass as ours.

+

+_S. Editha, sive Chronicon Vilodunense_, im Wiltshire Dialekt,

+aus MS. Cotton. Faustina B III. Herausgegeben von C. HORSTMANN.

+Heilbronn: Gebr. Henninger, 1883. A handy reprint of this fifteenth

+century _Chronicle_.

+

+_Parochial Antiquities_ attempted in the History of Ambroseden,

+Burcester, and adjacent parts in Oxford and Bucks. By Bishop KENNETT,

+1695. Reprinted 1816 and 1818. Contains a few Wilts words. See _Five

+Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Lansdowne MSS._, 935-1042, British Museum. By Bishop KENNETT. Also

+contain some Wilts words.

+

+_The Natural History of Wiltshire._ By JOHN AUBREY. (1656-91). Edited

+by JOHN BRITTON. London, 1847.

+

+_Wiltshire: the Topographical Collections of John Aubrey._ (1659-70).

+Edited by Rev. JOHN EDWARD JACKSON. London and Devizes, 1862.

+

+_Other works and MSS. by John Aubrey._

+

+_Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in North Wilts._ An

+eighteenth century MS. Vocabulary, fully dealt with in Appendix II as

+_Cunnington MS._

+

+_A Provincial Glossary._ By FRANCIS GROSE. Second edition, 1790. Out

+of the twenty-eight words which Britton marks as given in Grose, only

+the following are credited to Wilts in this edition:--_Allemang,

+Carriage, Contankerous, Dewsiers, Drowning-bridge, Dudge, Grom_

+or _Groom, Huff, Leer, Lowle-eared, Quirking, Rudderish_, and

+_Wasset-man_. The remainder (_Aneust, Axen, Beet, Bochant, Daddock,

+More, Quamp, Quarr, Quilt, Quop, Skiel, Sleepy, Tail-ends, Tallet_,

+and _Tid_) are not there assigned to Wilts; but as Britton may very

+possibly have found them so localized in the revised 1811 edition,

+which we have not had an opportunity of consulting, we add (G.) to

+the whole of them, on his authority.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of the County of Wilts, with

+observations on the means of its improvement._ By THOMAS DAVIS

+of Longleat, Steward to the Marquess of Bath. London, 1794. An

+Agricultural Report or Survey, afterwards much enlarged. The author

+died in 1807.

+

+_General View of the Agriculture of Wiltshire._ Drawn up for the

+consideration of the Board of Agriculture and Internal Improvement.

+By THOMAS DAVIS. London, 1809. New editions, 1811 and 1813. An

+enlarged and revised reprint of the _Agricultural Report_, edited by

+the Author's son. Contains an interesting Glossary of Agricultural

+Terms, arranged under subjects, as _Soils_, _Barn Process_,

+_Implements_, &c., at pp. 258-268; also a few additional words in

+the body of the work.

+

+_Archaeological Review_, March, 1888, vol. i, No. 1, pp. 33-39.

+Contains a reprint of Davis's _Glossary_, with notes by Professor

+Skeat, rearranged alphabetically, a few words and phrases being

+omitted as general or legal.

+

+_Some Specimens of the Provincial Dialect of South Wiltshire._ By

+'MARK.' _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii, p. 114. Noted

+in the Preface to _Five Reprinted Glossaries_. See Appendix III.

+

+_A Topographical and Historical Description of the County of Wilts._

+By JOHN BRITTON. London, N.D. [1814?]. Vol. xv of '_The Beauties of

+England_.'

+

+_The Beauties of Wiltshire_, displayed in Statistical, Historical,

+and Descriptive Sketches, &c. By JOHN BRITTON. 3 vols. London,

+1801-1825. Vol. iii contains a list of _Provincial Words of Wiltshire

+and the adjacent Counties_, pp. 369-380. See Appendix II.

+

+_Five Reprinted Glossaries._ Edited by Professor SKEAT. Eng. Dialect

+Socy., 1879. Contains (_a_) _Wiltshire Words, from 'Britton's

+Beauties of Wiltshire,'_ 1825; _compared with 'Akerman's Glossary,'_

+1842, a few words being added from the _Monthly Magazine_, &c. (_b_)

+_Dialectal Words, from 'Kennett's Parochial Antiquities_, 1695.'

+

+_A Glossary of Provincial Words and Phrases in use in Wiltshire._ By

+JOHN YONGE AKERMAN. London, 1842. An unacknowledged enlargement of

+Britton's _Word-list_. See _Five Reprinted Glossaries_.

+

+_Wiltshire Tales._ By J. Y. AKERMAN. London, 1853.

+

+_Spring-tide: or the Angler and his Friends._ BY J. Y. AKERMAN.

+London, 1850. Contains many Wiltshire and West of England words.

+

+_A Dictionary of Archaic and Provincial Words._ By J. O. HALLIWELL.

+London, 1846, &c.

+

+_Dictionary of Obsolete and Provincial English._ By THOMAS WRIGHT.

+London, 1857, &c.

+

+_The Song of Solomon in the Wiltshire Dialect_, as it is spoken in

+the Northern Division. By EDWARD KITE. Circa 1860. Privately printed

+for Prince L. Lucien Bonaparte.

+

+_Content: or the Day Labourer's Tale of his Life._ By Mrs.

+PENRUDDOCKE, Fyfield Manor House, Wilts. Salisbury, 1860.

+

+_Peasant Life in the West of England._ By F. G. HEATH. 1872-80.

+

+_Fabellae Mostellariae: or Devonshire and Wiltshire Stories in

+Verse._ London and Exeter, 1878.

+

+_Rhymes of the Wiltshire Peasantry, and other Trifles._ By EDWARD

+SLOW. Salisbury, 1874.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes: a Series of Poems in the Wiltshire Dialect._ By

+EDWARD SLOW. London and Salisbury, 1881. Also Third edition, 1885.

+

+_Wiltshire Rhymes._ Fourth Series. By EDWARD SLOW. Salisbury and

+Wilton, 1889. Contains a _Glossary_ of about 200 words, pp. 9-14.

+

+_Glossary of Wiltshire Words._ Compiled by EDWARD SLOW. Wilton, 1892.

+Contains about 900 words, of which a few are of special interest.

+

+_Works of Richard Jefferies_:--

+

+_A Memoir of the Goddards of North Wilts, 1873. The Gamekeeper

+at Home, 1878. Wild Life in a Southern County. 1879. The Amateur

+Poacher, 1879. Greene Ferne Farm, 1880. Hodge and his Masters, 1880.

+Round about a Great Estate, 1880. Wood Magic, 1881. Bevis, 1882. The

+Life of the Fields, 1884. The Dewy Morn, 1884. The Open Air, 1885.

+Amaryllis at the Fair, 1887. Field and Hedgerow, 1889. The Toilers of

+the Field, 1892, &c., &c._

+

+_The Eulogy of Richard Jefferies._ By WALTER BESANT. 1888.

+

+_Some un-noted Wiltshire Phrases._ By Rev. W. C. PLENDERLEATH. _Wilts

+Archaeological Magazine_, vol. xxii. p. 107.

+

+_Wiltshire Archaeological and Natural History Magazine._ All vols.

+

+_History of the Manor and Ancient Barony of Castle Combe_ in the county

+of Wilts, &c., &c. By G. POULETT SCROPE. Privately printed, 1852.

+

+_Records of Chippenham_, relating to the Borough from its

+Incorporation by Queen Mary to its Reconstruction by Act of

+Parliament, 1889, &c., &c. By FREDERICK H. GOLDNEY. 1889.

+

+_Sarum Diocesan Gazette_, Annual Reports of Flower-classes, by Mr.

+HUSSEY and Mr. TATUM.

+

+_The Flowering Plants of Wilts._ By Rev. T. A. PRESTON. Published by

+Wilts Arch. Society, 1888.

+

+_The Birds of Wiltshire._ By Rev. ALFRED C. SMITH. London and

+Devizes, 1887. Reprinted from _Wilts Arch. Mag._

+

+_Glory: a Wiltshire Story._ By Mrs. G. LINNAEUS BANKS. London,

+1876(?). New edition, 1892. Scene partly laid in and round

+Marlborough.

+

+_On the Upper Thames._ By Miss E. BOYER-BROWN. _Leisure Hour_,

+August, 1893. Contains many words belonging to the Castle Eaton and

+Marston Maizey district.

+

+_A Dictionary of English Plant-names._ By JAMES BRITTEN and ROBERT

+HOLLAND. E. D. S. 1878-86. A very valuable work, containing a small

+number of Wilts names, mostly from sources already referred to. The

+whole of the Plant-names in our _Glossary_ have been sent to Mr.

+Britten from time to time, for use in the _Supplement_ which he is

+now preparing.

+

+_English Dialects--their Sounds and Homes._ By A. J. ELLIS. E. D. S.

+1890. Contains some remarks at pp. 24-29 on Wilts, with specimens

+of dialect from Christian Malford and Chippenham, accompanied by a

+rendering into Glossic.

+

+_A Glossary of Berkshire Words and Phrases._ By Major B. LOWSLEY. E.

+D. S. 1888.

+

+_Upton-on-Severn Words and Phrases._ By Rev. ROBERT LAWSON. E. D. S.

+1884. A reprint of his smaller _Glossary_, which originally appeared

+in _The Nation in the Parish_, by Mrs. LAWSON.

+

+_The Dialect of the West of England, particularly Somersetshire._

+By JAMES JENNINGS. 1825. Second edition, revised and edited by Rev.

+JAMES K. JENNINGS. London, 1869.

+

+_Poems of Rural Life in the Dorset Dialect._ By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+_Glossary_, pp. 459-467, edition 1888.

+

+_Glossary of the Dorset Dialect_, 1863-86. By Rev. WILLIAM BARNES.

+Also the additional _Word-lists_ published by him from time to time

+in the _Dorset County Chronicle_.

+

+_Natural History, Folk Speech, and Superstitions of Dorsetshire._ By

+J. S. UDAL. A paper read before the Dorset Field Club at Dorchester,

+in February, 1889, containing a _Glossary_, which was given in full

+in the report in the local papers at the time.

+

+_A Glossary of Dialect & Archaic Words used in the County of

+Gloucester._ By J. D. ROBERTSON. Edited by Lord MORETON. E. D. S.

+1890.

+

+_A Glossary of Hampshire Words and Phrase_s. By the Rev. Sir WILLIAM

+H. COPE. E. D. S. 1883.

+

+_A Dictionary of the Sussex Dialect._ By Rev. W. D. PARISH. Lewes.

+1875.

+

+_On the Dialects of Eleven Southern and South-Western Counties_, with

+a new Classification of the English Dialects. By Prince LOUIS LUCIEN

+BONAPARTE. E. D. S. 1877.

+

+_On the Survival of Early English Words in our present Dialects._ By

+Rev. RICHARD MORRIS. E. D. S. 1876.

+

+_Old Country and Farming Words._ By JAMES BRITTEN. E. D. S. 1880.

+Contains extracts from the following volumes, among which may be

+found a few additional Wilts words, as well as much information on

+our agricultural terms:--

+

+    ELLIS, WILLIAM. _The Modern Husbandman_. 1750.

+    _Reports of the Agricultural Survey_, 1793-1813.

+    LISLE, EDWARD. _Observations in Husbandry_. 1757.

+    WORLIDGE, J. _Dictionarium rusticum_. 1681.

+    _Annals of Agriculture, &c._ 1784-1815.

+    MORTON, JOHN C. _Cyclopaedia of Agriculture_, 1863.

+

+_Folk-Etymology, a Dictionary of Verbal Corruptions, &c._ By Rev. A.

+SMYTHE PALMER. London, 1882.

+

+_Lettice Lisle._ By Lady VERNEY. 1870. Contains much excellent Hants

+talk.

+

+_The New Forest: its History and its Scenery._ By J. R. WISE. London,

+1871. Glossary, pp. 279-288, also words in text.

+

+_Jonathan Merle: a West Country story of the times._ By ELISABETH B.

+BAYLY. 1890. Affords many good illustrations of words used in Wilts,

+as the two following works also do.

+

+_Tess of the D'Urbervilles._ By THOMAS HARDY. 1891.

+

+_The Story of Dick._ By Major GAMBIER PARRY. 1892.

+

+_Dark: a Tale of the Down Country._ By Mrs. STEPHEN BATSON. London,

+1892. The scene is laid in Berks, just over the borders, but the

+dialect, which is excellently done, is to all intents and purposes

+that of North Wilts.

+

+_A History of Marlborough College during Fifty Years._ By A. G.

+BRADLEY, A. C. CHAMPNEYS, and J. W. BAINES. London, 1893.

+

+_John Darke's Sojourn in the Cotteswolds and elsewhere._ By S. S.

+BUCKMAN. 1890.

+

+_The Scouring of the White Horse._ By THOMAS HUGHES. 1858.

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX II

+

+Cunnington MS.

+

+

+Among the various books and word-lists which we have consulted during

+the progress of this work, by no means the least interesting is the

+manuscript containing a _Collection of a few Provincial Terms used in

+North Wilts_, believed to have been compiled about the middle of last

+century, which was kindly lent us by its present owner, Mr. William

+Cunnington, and is here frequently referred to as _Cunnington MS._

+

+This valuable relic was at one time in the possession of Mr. J.

+Britton, as is proved by the notes in his _early_ handwriting on the

+outer leaves, and was evidently the source to which he was indebted

+for some portions of his 1825 _Glossary_ (in the _Beauties of Wilts_,

+vol. iii), the very peculiar wording and spelling of some of its

+paragraphs having been transferred direct to his pages. It must,

+however, have been in his hands at a much earlier date than 1825, as

+one or two of the notes appear to have been made at the time he was

+collecting materials for the 1814 volume on Wilts.

+

+Not only has it afforded us several hitherto un-noted words, which

+Mr. Britton himself had passed over, possibly because even in

+his own time they were already grown obsolete, but it has also

+enabled us to clear up several doubtful points, and especially to

+show how, by a very simple misreading of the MS., from the easily

+identified _sprawny_ (a variant of _sprunny_) was evolved that

+mysterious 'ghost-word' _sprawing_, which has ever since misled our

+glossary-makers, each one having seemingly taken it on the faith of

+his immediate predecessor.

+

+The _Vocabulary_, which we here reproduce _verbatim et literatim_,

+consists of ten quarto pages, the first two of which are covered with

+notes in pencil and ink, in at least four different hands, partly

+archaeological and topographical, and partly relating to dialect

+words in Wilts and elsewhere. It is written in an extremely legible

+old hand, with a few additions and interlineations in other hands,

+and contains about one hundred words and phrases, of which we owe

+just two-thirds to the original compiler, who is supposed to have

+been a North Wilts clergyman. If so, it is probable that his very

+characteristic handwriting could readily be identified by any one who

+was familiar with our last-century parish registers.

+

+The interlineations have been made at different dates and in

+different hands, _acrass_, _chit_, _clout_, _gallered_, _hire_,

+_hitch_, _muxen_, _shirk off_, _slink away_, _skillin_, _stowl_,

+_stole_, _thick_ and _thuck_, _won't_, with the numerals at the end,

+being in pencil, two or three of them having been inked over at

+some time or other; while _arran_, _clavey_, _clap to_, _desperd_,

+_dowse_, _hit_, _nan_, _plye_, _rathe_, _sprawny_, the definition

+of _thick_ and _thuck_, _tun_, _tag_, _twit_, and _vuddels_, are in

+ink, and mostly in a much larger and somewhat peculiar hand. The

+pencilling is now almost entirely obliterated.

+

+The MS. was given by Mr. Britton to Mr. Cunnington, with other books

+and papers, many years ago, and its existence appears to have been

+unknown until we called attention to it in the _Wilts Archaeological

+Magazine_, vol. xxvi. p. 293.

+

+

+Front page of Cover.

+

+    [_Writing entirely in pencil, in Mr. Britton's hand, except the

+    word Vocabulary._]

+

+XXII. 107. Broad Hinton. Vic. Mr. Hume of Salisby late Vicar a manor

+well immense depth. abt 10 ms to draw Some of the Glanvilles buried

+here. Old monk [? _tomb_] of this family one of these Gs wrote on

+Witches--all chalk large crane wheel room for 3 men.

+

+

+Vocabulary.

+

+    [_Here two lines of writing, probably the name and address

+    of the compiler, have been scratched completely out with a

+    penknife._]

+

+See Ascough's Index [_Here another word now illegible._]

+

+    [_Here a rough sketch, marked_ Spring, _probably relating to

+    the above well._]

+

+

+Inside of Cover.

+

+Main sprack--for lively--Wilts

+

+Information in Bowels--

+

+Obliterate Scoolmaster--

+

+Mandy--saucy--Wilts

+

+    [_These four lines are in a more recent hand, on a slip gummed

+    in._]

+

+Werrutting teazing

+

+Thick for that

+

+direction "You must go all a skew thick vield there & then all a

+thirt tother & then looky one way & pointy another wool ye now"

+

+Anticks--main--mandy

+

+    [_These are in the same large, slightly feminine-looking hand

+    as some of the interlineations in the word-list._]

+

+_Enked_ is avaricious, wretched, from whence we have perhaps a

+term in English of unked; disagreeable, melancholy, tiresome. In

+Oxfordshire every thing unpleasant is _unked_.

+

+From the Persian.

+

+Rudge a cup or patera found here Horsley p. 330.

+

+    [_These are on a slip gummed in, in Mr. Britton's own hand._]

+

+

+The Vocabulary itself.

+

+COLLECTION OF A FEW PROVINCIAL TERMS USED IN NORTH WILTS.

+

+    Page 1.

+

+    =Arran= for either

+

+    =Acrass=

+

+    '=All a hoh='--awry--not square, strait or even--

+

+    =Beet=--To beet--is to supply fire with fewel

+

+    =Brow=--the opposite of Tough--Substances that will easily break

+

+    =Burrow=--Shelter from Wind--generally applied to some Low

+    Place in a field where some neighbouring hillock breaks the

+    force of the gale

+

+    =Caddle= a term variously applied, but in all cases significant

+    of Confusion or embarassmt To be in a Caddle--to be in

+    disorder--to be embarrassd with business--Dont Caddle me--dont

+    teaze me--don't confuse me--'a cadling fellow' a wrangler a

+    shifting, & sometimes an unmeaning character

+

+    =Clavey=--Chimney Piece

+

+    =Cham=--to Chew--

+

+    =Clap to the Door=--shut the Door.

+

+    Page 2.

+

+    =Chism=--to germ--Seed is said to chism when it discovers the

+    first appearance of germination

+

+    =Chit=--to spring--leaves are coming out.

+

+    =Cleet=--a Patch whereby an utensil is repaird--to cleet to

+    mend by a patch put on, & sometimes to Strengtn by bracing etc

+

+    =Clum=--To Clum a thing--is to handle it Roughly boisterously

+    or indecently

+

+    =Clyten= A term applied to express an unhealthy appearance,

+    particularly in Children--a Clyten an unhealthy Child

+

+    =Clout= a blow

+

+    =Clytenish=. To look Clytenish to Look pale & sickly

+

+    =Dain=--disagreeable effluvia--generally applied to Those

+    Scents which are Supposed to convey infections, i.e. "Dont go

+    to near that man; he has lately had the Small Pox & the _dain_

+    may be in his Cloths still"

+

+    =Desperd= very as desperd fine etc

+

+    Page 3

+

+    =Dummil=--Heavy, dull--a term variously applied--but in all

+    cases signifies the reverse of sprightly or Brilliant

+

+    =Dowse=--a Blow

+

+    =Dunch=--The Common term for Deaf

+

+    =Dunch Dumplin=--a Dumplin made of flower and water only--boild

+    hard & eaten hot with Butter--

+

+    =Dar=, 'to be struck in a Dar,' to be astonishd or Confounded

+

+    =Flick= or =flitch=--i.e. To be flitch with one,' is to be

+    familiar or intimate

+

+    =Gallered= to be astonished, frightened, as _he gallered me_

+

+    =Gabborn=--a term always applied to Buildings to denote

+    Largeness without Convenience & Comfort--a gabborn Room or

+    house signifies a place Large cold and comfortless

+

+    =Glox= a term applied to denote the motion or Sound made by

+    Liquids when movd about in a barrel or other vessel not full as

+

+    Page 4

+

+    for instance, "Fill the Barrel full John or else it will glox

+    in Carriage"--

+

+    =Glutch=--To Glutch, to swallow--the act of

+    Swallowing--i.e.--He glutchd hard that is he swallowed with

+    difficulty

+

+    =Hit= to strike

+

+    =Hazon=--To Hazon a Person is to scold or menace him--

+

+    =Harl=--=a Harl=--Something entangled--His hair is all in a

+    harl--i.e. knotted--uncombed

+    ravle

+

+    =To harl=--to entangle

+

+    =Hire= for hear--Dont hire do not _hear_

+

+    =Hatch= a small door or gate--generally applied to the half

+    doors frequent in Shops

+

+    =Heft=--weight--i e what heft is that Parcel i e what weight is

+    it--(perhaps a contraction of heavy-weight)

+

+    =Hike= To hike off--to sneak away dishonorably

+

+    =Hitch=--monthly Agents

+

+    =Howe=--Pronounced Broad and Long Ho-ow or Hau-ow--To be in a

+    hauow--to be anxious

+

+    =Howed for=--provided for--taken care of--a figurative

+    expression undoubtedly derived from the term

+

+    Page 5

+

+    made use of by Shepherds in driving collecting & managing their

+    flocks, i.e. Ho ho--ho-ho

+

+    =Hop a bouts= a term applied to small apple Dumplings made of

+    one apple enclosd in a Paste of flour & boild

+

+    =Hudgy=--thick Clumsey

+

+    =Kitch=--to Kitch or Ketch--to congeal--oils animal fat &c. are

+    said to catch or kitch when they grow cold enough to congeal

+

+    =Kerfs= Laminae--Layers or cleavings of Earth Turf Hay &c.

+

+    =Lear=--empty--a Lear Stomach, a Stomach wanting food

+

+    =Lew=--To get in the Lew--is to get in a place Sheltered from

+    the wind--(perhaps derivd from the Sea Phrase--Lee--)

+

+    =Lewth= warmth--"this Coat has no Lewth in it," i.e. it has no

+    warmth

+

+    =Limp= a thing is said to be Limp when it has Lost its

+    accustomed Stiffness

+

+    =Limber=--Slender--or Rather a thing Long & bending

+

+    Page 6

+

+    =M[=a]ndy= pronouncd Long--frolicksome--Impudent--Showy

+

+    =Miff=--offence--to take a miff--to be offended

+

+    =Mothery= or =Muthery= Beer, vinegar &c. are said to be mothery

+    when white Particles of fust float in it--Perhaps a Corruption

+    of muddy or muddery--

+

+    =Most-in-deal=--in general--mostly--(example) "where do you

+    Live now?'--why at Devizes, most in deal, but sometimes at

+    Warminster--"

+

+    =Muxen= Dung heap.

+

+    =Newst=--Newst or anewst Signifies nearly--what is it a

+    Clock?--a newst One. which of the two is oldest?--They are

+    newst of an age. which of those things are best? they are a

+    newst alike--In the Latter example however the more usual reply

+    would be "they are anewst of a newstness"

+

+    =Nitch=--a Burthen, as a Nitch of wood a nitch of Straw a Nitch

+    of hay &c.--"He has got a nitch," i.e. he is Drunk, he has got

+    as much Liquor as he can carry--

+

+    =Plye= to bend as the Poker is plied--

+

+    =Nan?=--What do you say

+

+    =Quilt= To Quilt a term used almost exclusive of any other to

+    denote the act of Swallowing when performd

+

+    Page 7.

+

+    in the usual & natural way--the term Glutch being rather

+    descriptive of a difficulty in doing it or the doing it with

+    labour

+

+    =Rowney=--thin, uneven--generally applied to Cloth

+

+    =Rumple=--to Rumple is to press a thing, particularily

+

+    =Rathe=--early in the morning

+    a garment, so as to make it appear promiscuously

+    wrinkled--or tumbled

+

+    =Rubble=--universally us'd for Rubbish--

+

+    =Shewent= a Piece of Cloth is said to be--shewent--when it is

+    evenly wove & not Rowey--it is also applied in other Cases but

+    always to denote a thing Level & even--to Look Shewent, is to

+    Look demure

+

+    =Shim= This word is rather of Glocestershire but it is

+    nevertheless in use on the North Border of wilts, & is a

+    Corruption or Contraction perhaps of Seeming--Ex. gra--He is a

+    fine fellow Shim--or he is, Shim, a fine fellow means that the

+    person spoken of is apparently a fine fellow

+

+    =Skillin=--a shed

+

+    =Shog=--Shog & jog--words nearly of the same import & Signify

+    to move off degradedly--to slink or shirk away

+

+    =Shirk= off

+

+    =Sleazey=--thin--Slight--generally applied to Cloth Silks &c.

+

+    =Slink away=

+

+    =Slox= to waste a thing, or pilfer it--"Sloxd away" wasted or

+    pilferd

+

+    Page 8.

+

+    =Stowl=--a root--great stowl

+

+    =Sprack=--Lively--bright quick a main sprack child

+

+    =Stole=--when trees, are buddg--trees

+

+    =Sultedge= a term applied to describe a Coarse apron much worn

+    by the poor Women & which they always describe by the term a

+    Sultedge apron

+

+    =Swingeing=--violent--great--forcible

+

+    =Sprawny= a Sweetheart [Misread as Sprawing by Britton.]

+

+    =Tack= a shelf--put it on the tack--i e put it on the

+    Shelf--How many tacks are there in the Pantry, i.e. how many

+    Shelves

+

+    =Teft=--to teft a thing is to judge of its weight by taking it

+    in the hand i e--what Heft do you think this Bundle is--I dont

+    know Let's teft it--i.e. let me take it in my hand

+

+    =Thic= & =Thuck= this & that--as thic wa this way

+

+    =Tine=--to kindle--to tine a fire is to Light a fire,--to tine

+    a Candle--to Light a candle

+

+    =Tine= to fence to tine in a piece of waste ground is to

+    enclose it with a fence of wood or quickset

+

+    =Tining= fences of Wood either Brushwood Pales or a Hedge

+

+    =Tun= Chimney

+

+    Page 9.

+

+    =Tag= to tease to torment

+

+    =Todge=--a thick Consistency--Thick as Todge gruels, Soups,

+    etc, made unpleasantly thick

+

+    =Twit=--to upbraid

+

+    =Twire=--to Look at a thing wistfully or Critically 'How he

+    twir'd at her--i e. how wistfully he Look at her'--Common Phrase

+

+    =Vuddels= a spoilt Child

+

+    =Vinny= mouldy--Vinney Cheese, is mouldy Cheese--properly it

+    denotes anything tinted--not with a black or Rotten--but with a

+    whitish or blue mould--very common Phrase

+

+    =Unkerd= or =Unkert=--Lonely or Solitary--an unkert house a

+    Lone house--an unkert place a Solitary place--very Common phrase

+

+    =Weeth= tough Soft pliable--

+

+    =Yat= a gate--yat Post, a gate Post

+

+    =Wont= for Will not

+

+    =dree vour vive zix s=

+

+    N.B. In north wilts it may be remarkd that the formation of the

+    Plural by affixing en to the Noun is almost universal as house

+    housen Pease Peasen Wench wenchen--almost as universal too is

+    the transformation of the

+

+    Page 10.

+

+    Substantive into an adjective by the same termination as a

+    Silken gown a Clothen Coat a Leatheren Shoe an elmen Board

+    &c. the pronoun Possessive too is formd in the same way as

+    hisn hern Ourn theirn--the old terms also, thic & thoc almost

+    Constantly exclude the expression This & That--There is also

+    here a Peculiar mode of forming active verbs from Nouns, which

+    are generally in use as apellations for professions--take an

+    Example Well Mary, how do you get on in Life? what do you &

+    your family do _now_ to get a Living in these times--Wy zur we

+    do aal vind zummut to do--Jan, ye know, he do _Smithey_ (work

+    as a smith) Jin the beggist wench do spinney the Little one do

+    Lace makey--I do _Chorey_ (go out as a Chore Woman) and the

+    two Boys do Bird keepey--that is One works as a smith--one

+    spins one makes Lace one goes out as a Chore woman & two are

+    Birdkeepers which Latter term were more to the purpose if

+    expressd Bird frightener or driver

+

+    Show to Ingram-Ellis

+

+

+

+

+APPENDIX III

+

+Monthly Magazine Word-list.

+

+

+In the _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814, vol. xxxviii. p. 114, a

+short and very badly arranged list of South Wilts Words and Phrases

+occurs. We have thought it best to reproduce it here, _verbatim

+et literatim_, from the Magazine itself, kindly lent us by Mr.

+Cunnington, as the account given of it in the Preface to Professor

+Skeat's reprint of Akerman is in some respects slightly inaccurate.

+Thus, he omits all mention of _Hogo_ and some other words or phrases,

+while _Tatees_ is misquoted as _taters_ and _Theseum_ as _Thescum_.

+The remarks made on the latter word will therefore require some

+modification.

+

+

+Prefatory Note.

+

+_To the Editor of the Monthly Magazine._ Sir, In conformity to your

+invitation, I send you some specimens of the provincial dialect of

+South Wiltshire.

+

+                                      MARK. _July_ 23, 1813.

+

+

+    The Word-list.

+

+    _Thic_, this.

+

+    _Thac_, that.--"_Thacs_ the way I _do_ do."

+

+    _Theseum_, these.--"What are _theseum_ here?"

+

+    _Dooke_, do you.--"Hold thy brother, dooke." Or, "dooke be

+    quiet." [Brother _is evidently a misprint for_ bother.]

+

+    _Volk_, folk.--"Vaut vine volks." What fine folks.

+

+    _Wuld_, world.--"The honestest volk in the wuld."

+

+    _Heft_, weight.--"What heft be 'um?"

+

+    _Hiss_, Yes.--"Hiss sure, mum." Yes sure, madam.

+

+    _Housen_, house.--"Yan housen." Yonder house.

+

+    A always pronounced R. [=broad]

+

+    "Send it _once_ this morning, dooke." Send it this morning.

+

+    "I _do_ know what they be." [=I don't know]

+

+    "Harnt thee got nareon." Have not you got one.

+

+    "Nice day izzent it?"--"Yes it is sure."

+

+    _Thee_ and _thou_ for _you_.

+

+    _Crockerty_, china.--"I've torn my crockerty."

+

+    _Terrible_, very.--"Lard! they be terrible dear."

+

+    _Torn_, broke.

+

+    _Hogo_, smell.

+

+    "_What a book of clothes._" What a large wash.

+

+    _Barm_, yeast.

+

+    _Caddling_, teazing, chattering.

+

+    "_Mud the child up, dooke._" Bring up the child by hand.

+

+    "_Lard, the child's got the white mouth._" The child's got the

+    thrush.

+

+    _Shrammed_, perished.--"I was half shrammed on the downs[2]."

+

+    _Tatees_, potatoes. "I do want a gallon of tatees."

+

+    _Figged Pudding_, plum pudding.

+

+    _Handy_, near.--Handy ten o'clock.

+

+                             _Monthly Magazine_, Sept. 1814.

+

+FOOTNOTE:

+

+[2] [Here a foot-note is given in the Magazine, but has been

+obliterated in the only copy to which we have access.]

+

+

+THE END.

+

+

+       *       *       *       *       *

+

+Transcriber's Notes:

+

+Obvious typographical errors were repaired.

+

+P. xv: "D when preceded by a liquid"--original read "followed" in

+place of "preceded."

+

+P. 30: p^d--original shows p with superscript d.

+

+Appendix II: unusual spellings and capitalizations preserved as in

+original.

+

+P. 228: "dain may be in his Cloths still"--"Cloths still" originally

+appeared below "Desperd" entry and "Page 3" heading.

+

+

+

+

+

+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of A Glossary of Words used in the

+County of Wiltshire, by George Edward Dartnell and Edward Hungerford Goddard

+

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