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- float: left; - margin-right: 1em } - -.align-right { clear: right; - float: right; - margin-left: 1em } - -.align-center { margin-left: auto; - margin-right: auto } - -div.shrinkwrap { display: table; } - -/* SECTIONS */ - -body { margin: 5% 10% 5% 10% } - -/* compact list items containing just one p */ -li p.pfirst { margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0 } - -.first { margin-top: 0 !important; - text-indent: 0 !important } -.last { margin-bottom: 0 !important } - -span.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.1em 0 0; line-height: 1 } -img.dropcap { float: left; margin: 0 0.5em 0 0; max-width: 25% } -span.dropspan { font-variant: small-caps } - -.no-page-break { page-break-before: avoid !important } - -/* PAGINATION */ - -.pageno { position: absolute; right: 95%; font: medium sans-serif; text-indent: 0 } -.pageno:after { color: gray; content: '[' attr(title) ']' } -.lineno { position: absolute; left: 95%; font: medium sans-serif; text-indent: 0 } -.lineno:after { color: gray; content: '[' attr(title) ']' } -.toc-pageref { float: right } - -@media screen { - .coverpage, .frontispiece, .titlepage, .verso, .dedication, .plainpage - { margin: 10% 0; } - - div.clearpage, div.cleardoublepage - { margin: 10% 0; border: none; border-top: 1px solid gray; } - - .vfill { margin: 5% 10% } -} - -@media print { - div.clearpage { page-break-before: always; padding-top: 10% } - div.cleardoublepage { page-break-before: right; padding-top: 10% } - - .vfill { margin-top: 20% } - h2.title { margin-top: 20% } -} - -/* DIV */ -pre { font-family: monospace; font-size: 0.9em; white-space: pre-wrap } - -</style> -<title>OPEN THAT DOOR!</title> -<meta name="PG.Rights" content="Public Domain" /> -<meta name="PG.Title" content="Open That Door!" /> -<meta name="PG.Producer" content="Al Haines" /> -<link rel="coverpage" href="images/img-cover.jpg" /> -<meta name="DC.Creator" content="Robert Sturgis Ingersoll" /> -<meta name="DC.Created" content="1916" /> -<meta name="PG.Id" content="45959" /> -<meta name="PG.Released" content="2014-06-13" /> -<meta name="DC.Language" content="en" /> -<meta name="DC.Title" content="Open That Door!" /> - -<link href="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" rel="schema.DCTERMS" /> -<link href="http://id.loc.gov/vocabulary/relators" rel="schema.MARCREL" /> -<meta content="Open That Door!" name="DCTERMS.title" /> -<meta content="door.rst" name="DCTERMS.source" /> -<meta content="en" scheme="DCTERMS.RFC4646" name="DCTERMS.language" /> -<meta content="2014-06-13T21:48:39.642230+00:00" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" name="DCTERMS.modified" /> -<meta content="Project Gutenberg" name="DCTERMS.publisher" /> -<meta content="Public Domain in the USA." name="DCTERMS.rights" /> -<link href="http://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/45959" rel="DCTERMS.isFormatOf" /> -<meta content="Robert Sturgis Ingersoll" name="DCTERMS.creator" /> -<meta content="2014-06-13" scheme="DCTERMS.W3CDTF" name="DCTERMS.created" /> -<meta content="width=device-width" name="viewport" /> -<meta content="EpubMaker 0.3.20 by Marcello Perathoner <webmaster@gutenberg.org>" name="generator" /> -</head> -<body> -<div class="document" id="open-that-door"> -<h1 class="center document-title level-1 pfirst title"><span class="x-large">OPEN THAT DOOR!</span></h1> - -<!-- this is the default PG-RST stylesheet --> -<!-- figure and image styles for non-image formats --> -<!-- default transition --> -<!-- default attribution --> -<!-- -*- encoding: utf-8 -*- --> -<div class="clearpage"> -</div> -<!-- -*- encoding: utf-8 -*- --> -<div class="align-None container language-en pgheader" id="pg-header" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> -<p class="noindent pfirst"><span>This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the </span><a class="reference internal" href="#project-gutenberg-license">Project Gutenberg License</a><span> -included with this eBook or online at -</span><a class="reference external" href="http://www.gutenberg.org/license">http://www.gutenberg.org/license</a><span>.</span></p> -<p class="noindent pnext"></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<div class="align-None container" id="pg-machine-header"> -<p class="noindent pfirst"><span>Title: Open That Door! -<br /> -<br />Author: Robert Sturgis Ingersoll -<br /> -<br />Release Date: June 13, 2014 [EBook #45959] -<br /> -<br />Language: English -<br /> -<br />Character set encoding: UTF-8</span></p> -</div> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="noindent pfirst" id="pg-start-line"><span>*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK </span><span>OPEN THAT DOOR!</span><span> ***</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="noindent pfirst" id="pg-produced-by"><span>Produced by Al Haines.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 1em"> -</div> -<p class="noindent pfirst"><span></span></p> -</div> -<div class="align-None container titlepage"> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="x-large">OPEN THAT DOOR!</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="medium">BY</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="large">ROBERT STURGIS INGERSOLL</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 3em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="medium">PHILADELPHIA & LONDON -<br />J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY -<br />1916</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -</div> -<div class="align-None container verso"> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="small">COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="small">PUBLISHED SEPTEMBER, 1916</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 3em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="small">PRINTED BY J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY -<br />AT THE WASHINGTON SQUARE PRESS -<br />PHILADELPHIA, U.S.A.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="bold large">CONTENTS</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 1em"> -</div> -<p class="noindent pfirst"><span>CHAPTER</span></p> -<ol class="upperroman simple"> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#walled-in">Walled In</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#an-open-door">An Open Door</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#reading-fiction-with-an-eye-on-life">Reading Fiction with an Eye on Life</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#history-and-your-vote">History and Your Vote</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#clio-s-vintage">Clio's Vintage</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#the-poet-and-the-reader">The Poet and the Reader</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#the-children-of-pan">The Children of Pan</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#men-behind-books">Men Behind Books</a></p> -</li> -<li><p class="first noindent pfirst"><a class="reference internal" href="#keeping-up-with-life">Keeping up with Life</a></p> -</li> -</ol> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="walled-in"><span class="bold x-large">OPEN THAT DOOR!</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 3em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER I</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">WALLED IN</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="small">The brave man carves out his fortune, and every -man is the son of his own works.—CERVANTES</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>An author is of necessity a rather -egotistical sort of a fellow, or else he -would not trumpet abroad his name -upon the title-page of a book. If we -should measure this egotism by the -size of the audience to which he hopes -to appeal, we fear that the sponsor of -this little book should make humble -apologies in behalf of his phrenological -egocentric bump. He who writes -upon how to grow fat, modestly limits -his audience to those who, from pride -of appearance, or upon doctor's -orders, desire to add to their -avoirdupois. There is a similar modesty upon -the part of those who limit their -audiences by writing cook-books for the -cooks, temperance appeals for the -drunkards, novels for the seminary -ladies, war books for the valiant, -peace books for the pacificists. We -(notwithstanding the fact that he -fears to call himself "I" in the first -chapter) acknowledge no such -modesty. Every one wants to get the best -of life. This general statement is as -true as the more specific ones that -every one wants to enjoy his dinner, -his work, his family, and his friends. -The desire to obtain satisfaction -through the passing of the years is -the prime motive in the actions of -the male and the female, the fat and -the thin, the long and the short, the -stupid and the wise, the railroad -president and the ditch digger. It is for -this cosmopolitan, democratic crowd -of you and myself and every one else -that there is, or is not, a message in -the following pages.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>One of the most stimulating -thoughts to which mankind is heir is -the realization of the handicaps under -which we are all laboring. This is a -great thought in that it is so universal, -so levelling, so powerful in making us -truly appreciate that we are all -brothers one unto another. The -millionaire is a slave to his money; -another man is embittered by poverty, -a third carries the burden of an -unsound body, a fourth of a selfish -nature, a fifth of an unhappy family -life, a sixth is overwhelmed by his -own stupidity, a seventh by his sense -of duty towards others, an eighth by -a sense of duty towards himself, and -so it goes through the rank and file, -the humble and the mighty. How -many of us take the bit in our teeth, -and have a glorious revel in enjoying -every furlong of life's race-course? -To run such a race is a hard task, as -there is always some handicap -hanging on our shoulders. We are afraid -to knock it off. Oftentimes the burden -is terrifically hard for the man who -carries it to define, and yet, when you -look into your inmost self you realize -that the precious hours of life are -slipping by without your cramming -into them all the good things that you -feel should be offered by a world in -which there is the romance of other -people's lives, the blue of the sky, the -play of the sunlight, the success of -your rivals. There seems too often a -wall between ourselves and that -romance, that sky, that sunlight and that -success. There is indeed this wall -between us and our ideal. If we -break through it, there is another one -that dares our courage to the assault -and capture of our greater, enlarged -ideal. This is stimulating and -comforting, as each man and woman has -to make his own assault; there is no -one so lucky as to get the prizes of -life without a fight, and no one so -unlucky as to be without the desire, no -matter how deeply it may be buried in -his nature, to make that fight.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>In what direction are you going, and -what are you going to do when you -get there? Are you plugging against -an impassable barrier, or is there a -way through for the man who does his -best? Some lie down in the traces -and quit. They have three satisfactory -meals a day, work that is not too -arduous, a warm bed at night, and, -taking it all in all, that is sufficient; -at any rate, they think it better than -the attempt to break down any more -walls. Perhaps they bruised their -knuckles at the first: "George -Washington, Thomas Edison, and the other -heroes were not afraid of the blows at -the first or at the score that followed, -but we all cannot be great, and I am -willing to subside with what is already -my portion." Yes, that is the attitude -of the slackers. They are in every -walk of life—the stupidly content.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There are many others who say that -if they could only lift the mortgage -off their house, or buy an automobile, -or get into society, or get promoted, -they could pass untouched through the -barrier that crushes them, and be -ready to tackle the second with -unheard-of power. They are sadly -suffering under an illusion. When you -take the spur from a laggard steed, -you do not make him a thoroughbred.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Two thousand years ago Christ told -us that unless we become as little -children we cannot enter the Kingdom of -Heaven. That was a tremendous -statement, and one of infinite truth. -To find the reasons for our struggles -and the means of carrying our -burdens we must go to the boy of ten.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>He is having a splendid time! Are -you? From the moment he leaves his -bed with a whoop and a hurrah, until -the evening when he sinks to sleep -exhausted but happy, he has lived in a -turmoil of adventure, wild dreams, -and imaginings. The world has been -a magic pleasure dome from which -there were countless doors to be -opened and beckoning passages to be -explored. We have our troubles and -sulk under their weight, he longs for -them and so invents the game of -Cowboys and Indians and glories in the -battle; we become bored with a -routine existence, he scorns such an -attitude and fears that he will miss a -great excitement if he but close an -eye. If rainy weather or a particular -mother prevents him from organizing -a military campaign, fraught with -danger and hardship, against the -enemies in the next block, he stays at -home and reads of battling with -dragons. The world is forever a thing -of wonder, a tremendous feast from -which he is forever called before he -has had sufficient courses. Hungry -for life, he cannot find within the -twenty-four half enough hours to -fulfil his demands. A fishing-rod in his -eyes is a magic thing with an incarnate -life and power of its own; the dark -pool contains a possible catfish, and -what, by all the stars, could be more -wonderful, more inexplicable, more -mysterious and awe inspiring than a -bearded catfish! Every new friend, -old or young, is a peculiar individual -of which he must ask a thousand -questions to find out whether he be an -engineer, a policeman, or a fireman, -or whether he can spin a top or owns -a collection of postage stamps.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>What a lesson in the way of life is -a lad of ten! He sees in life an -opportunity, a vast opportunity for -everything. No specialist is he—within -the month he decides that his -career shall lie in any one of a dozen, -from that of the man upon the back -of the ice wagon, to that of the -President of the United States.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Why are the young so superior to -their elders? Why, indeed, do we have -to cast off our years to enter the -Kingdom of Heaven? Ponce de Leon, in -search of the Fountain of Youth, -journeyed from Spain to the New -World, and, weary of the quest, left -his body to rot in the American -wilderness. He need not have gone so far -upon his travels, as in the point of -view of the last boy whom he met -before embarking from the shores of -Spain there was this very Fountain -which he sought. To break down all -the barriers which hedge us in, to open -a thousand doors entering upon -undiscovered countries of ambition and -delight, to forget time, to forget -everything but the joy of living, to -experience the thrill of carrying heavy -burdens and the overcoming of -obstacles, all we have to do is to see the -world through the eyes of the boy of -ten. It is the youth's relation to the -world as he finds it that makes him -superior to, and a more worthy -inheritor of the Kingdom than is his -father. The former's outlook is that -of perpetual wonderment, of endless -romance, of intensive interest, and -wide horizons; the latter's too often -is that of a blind man in a picture -gallery. A lad lives acutely, never -lets an hour "slip by," is ever willing -for an assault against any battlement, -and in that lies the secret of life.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Most things, to be sure, are "easier -said than done," but after having -found that the proper door to open -is that which leads to the world of -fervid expectancies, experienced by -the boy, we may at least </span><em class="italics">attempt</em><span> to -find the key that fits the lock. -Perhaps you have already found it! This -is a good personal test—do you feel -that your mind is a-tingle with the -music that is played by the world in -which you live?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It has been said that you can tell a -man by the company he keeps—but -there are far better methods! Find -out his experiences when he walks -along a city street, rubbing elbows -with the crowd, dodging motors at the -crossings, with every step he takes -passing faces, human faces, passing -windows behind which are woven the -webs of human happiness and grief. -What are his innermost sensations? -Does he feel the throbbing pulse of -men and women, or is his heart and soul -dead and forbidding? Or else go with -him upon a walk into the country—Spring -or Fall—Winter or Summer—his -talk and expression will show the -stuff that is in him. Is he alive to the -multifarious beauties of color, life, -and movement that are about him, or -is he the same gnarled, twisted parody -of man who, when in the office, always -thinks himself imposed upon, or in his -home appears a misfit, uncomfortable -piece of furniture?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Yes, there is a sublime religion in -the joy of jostling your fellows in the -workaday streets, there is a sublime -possibility of growth in the soul of -him who, when upon a journey in the -country, breathes a deep and lasting -draught of the joyousness of life. -And yet, why does this religion slip -from us, why at times do we refuse to -grow? Why do we lose the tingle of -living which is the very essence of the -boy's sense of life?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>One man will tell you that he is in -a rut. He has worked until his youth -is passed, and there is no further -chance of promotion. A second has -lost his money, and he is bitter against -the world that took it from him. A -third misses the companions whom he -used to know, and with them went the -color and the value of the world. A -fourth has gambled with life's good -things: has wasted his body and mind -in his lust for women, wine, or food, -or in his greed for gold. Perhaps, -although not admitted, with the -satisfaction of his desires women have lost -their beauty, wine and food their taste, -and gold has proved tarnished metal.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>What is, at bottom, the matter with -them all? And what is the matter -with the men and women who have -had worldly success, who have had -all the exterior things that life could -give them, and yet feel that this Earth -is an unsatisfactory sort of pasture -in which to graze? Why should there -be sighs of discontent when above us -the sky is blue, and in the world about -us children are born of women, heroic -deeds are accomplished, and tragedies -met and defeated by the courage and -love of our human kind?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The answer is in the fact that many -of us lose the blessed heritage that -was part of our youth: our sense of -wonderment, our breadth of sympathy. -To the youth, every moment -of every day meant an awakening to -new things, an introduction to strange, -exciting mysteries, whereas there are -no such awakenings for the man who -finds not the wonder in the windows -bordering and the faces passing on -the crowded city streets, or feels not, -in the country, the subtle magic of -Nature's workings.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>You say the world grows stale; it -is not the world grown stale that takes -the lustre from life, it is your own -sleepiness, the profound drunkenness -of the lazy and the cold heart. It is -the loss of a personal sympathy with -God and man.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A loss of sympathy is a horrible -thing. The loss of that sympathy -which holds your heart engripped, and -makes you feel part and parcel of -this great, moving, turbulent, -sorrowing thing we call the World, is as -grievous a loss as can befall any man. -It is worse than a separation from -money, friends or family—it is the -loss of an individual's personal stake -in the world. And yet, we see men -who have lost and are losing it. In -them we see die that spark of life -which has made them an integral part -of all that lives. We see smothered -the divine fire of humanity and -godliness. If we consider Nature, -including man, as one great spirit, we feel -that those who have lost an embracing -sympathy are apart from that great -spirit, are drifting off into the barren -deserts of bewilderment and decay. -If we consider men as individual souls -plotting their own destinies, we must -see in those who have lost their -intimate touch with the surge of their -fellows' labors, and their sympathy -to the power of beauty, pariahs, true -outcasts, apart and alone.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>How great is your appetite for life? -How great is your willingness to break -the shell of your prison and liquidate -your heart? What prevents you from -throwing open your arms to the -universe, accepting and welcoming the -embrace? The embrace of humanity -is a glorious thing! It is the nectar of -the gods. Be one with the world, be -not a pariah; be part of the great -wave, be not a stagnant pool.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>But one hears answers, "I can't," -"I don't want to," "I'm apart and -will not mingle." Why can't you? -Why won't you? Why are you apart? -Is it because you are old and -mummified? Have you lost your vision, have -you lost your heart, has the world -beaten you back, and does life roll too -fast a pace? Has your understanding -become blunted? Are you a snob -upon a pedestal of derision? Are your -eyes blind to the colors, your ears -deaf to the music, your voice bitter -in your companions' hearing?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Ah, let there be a way out of the -prison—there is a door that will lead -you to your youth. Within a man -there is always the spark that can be -made to brighten and to break into -living flame. There is no understanding -so dense, no spirit so sordid that -it cannot be stirred to awaken to that -sympathy for man and nature that is -the pass word to the Kingdom of Life.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"The Kingdom of Life." Those -are perhaps hackneyed words, and yet -how many of us seem to be the -inheritors of the Kingdom of Death. Live -bodies find no value in dead souls, so -let us make our souls aflame and attain -to a realization of life. Where is the -match to strike the light, the key to -open the door?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Through all the ages there has been -a medium through which the hearts -of men have been revealed. There -has been one cauldron into which the -riches of our richest and most godlike -minds have been poured. It is the -melting pot that has purified the -sorrows and joys of men, since man had -wit enough to know his pangs and -jubilations. There is a vehicle which -will bring us to a universal sympathy, -if not an understanding, of our human -kindred. There is a powerful tool, -welded by man, with which we can -awaken ourselves to an appreciation -of our universe, from which we can -obtain consolation in our difficulties, -stimulus for our ambitions, tonic for -our depressions. The medium, the -cauldron, the vehicle, the tool is -Literature.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Some men are afraid of books, and -some are afraid of life; some do not -understand books, and some do not -sympathize with, nor care to -understand life. Literature is the key to -the door of life for those who wish to -open! There is no wall cramping the -ambitions, blinding the eyes, -deafening the ears of those who seek their -nutriment in the spiritual messages -and solemn understandings of the -greatest minds of the ages. The -symbol of a man walking down the -street with no heart to feel, nor mind -to understand the happenings about -him, is the relationship between two -stones. To our knowledge there is no -known communication between one -and the other. Literature is the great -communicator, the powerful disseminator -of sympathies, the magnificent -doorway through which we can pass -to other men's hearts, and obtain -warmth for our own in case ours are -cold and comfortless.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>God said, "Let there be light," and -there was light. Perhaps there is not -enough, for we all walk in partial -darkness, but the tremendous sunburst -that is here to lighten and revive -is the lasting, printed word, handed -on from generation to generation.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="an-open-door"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER II</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">AN OPEN DOOR</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">This world's no blot for us,</span></div> -</div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Nor blank; it means intensely, and means good:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">To find its meaning is my meat and drink.</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">FRA LIPPO LIPPI</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>There is the Rub! Of how many -of us can it be said that the World -"means intensely and means good"? -Do we unsatisfactorily stutter, and -stumble, and barely exist through the -three score years and ten that is our -portion, or do we find in life a splendid -activity that gladdens our heart and -fills us full of the thorough-going -ecstasy of living?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>I have a friend who is a great -athlete,—an oarsman, mountain -climber, big game hunter. He exults -in a life of action, of doing big things, -and yet withal, he is a tremendous -reader and one of exquisite taste and -wide knowledge in books and authors. -I asked him of the value of reading.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"Every time I read a great book," -he answered, "I feel as if I had -punched a hole through the wall," and -so saying he crashed his large fist -against a buttress of reinforced -concrete. "I feel that my world has been -made larger; where before I had only -seen a blank space, now I see a new -world, the world in which the author -lived. I am that much more alive to -my own."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>He applied his reading to his daily -life, and the world became for him a -richer, more exciting place in which -to live. No one wants to plod through -the world in a blind, sleepy fashion. -We all want to live as keenly, as vitally -as possible. The roots of the present -are buried deep in the past—to -appreciate and have understanding of -the present you must appreciate and -have understanding of the past—to -realize how small and one-sided is -your own point of view, you must -appreciate the thousand and one -viewpoints that have appeared through the -ages to the eyes of other men and -women.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>In beginning to form the habit of -reading, the first thing to be realized -is that books are intimately connected -with the world in which we live. Their -true value does not come from the -pleasure you experience during the -actual hours in which you are turning -the pages, but (and this point cannot -too vividly be borne in mind) in the -reaction of you upon the world and -the world upon you after having read -them. If a book does not influence -your point of view towards God, your -fellow men, and your daily tasks and -ambitions, you may feel assured either -that the book is one of little worth, or -that you have not absorbed its true -meaning. When you hear someone -say that reading is an excellent way -to pass the time, you may feel sure -that he knows little about books. The -poem, the novel, the history, the -philosophy are not to pass the time, -they are to make more vital the hours -of life. A book that is a book becomes -part and parcel of your being, and you -must of necessity make it part of your life.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Authors are not for the library, they -are for the street, the railroad train, -the office, the open fields. Read them -in the library, or even in bed, but live -them in the city thoroughfares, or -country roads or workaday places in -which you make your life. No man -can read the Journals of that mystic, -nature lover, Henry David Thoreau, -without having his next trip to the -country one of greater pleasure. The -colors and the sounds of the fields, the -woodlands and the brooks will bring -a new joy to his spirit. No man can -read the novels of some great gobbler -of life, such as eighteenth century -Tobias Smollett, without finding the -city life of our twentieth century more -human, more satisfying, more -exciting. No man can seriously read a -religious poet such as Whitman or -Wordsworth without becoming more -deeply religious, more keenly -conscious of the wonders of God and Man. -And the Bible—surely no one can read -the magic beauty and truth in the -Prophecies of the Old Testament -without feeling that he has met and -talked with giants. These books bear -directly on life—they make us think, -love and experience in a way that we -have never done before. The world -becomes more thoroughly a magic place -in which there are a thousand things -to make life one glorious escapade, -through which we may be thankful -for the opportunity of living.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>As some people believe reading to -be a pleasant method of passing the -time (without realizing that time is -in truth passing them), so others -believe that being "well read" is some -sort of a social advantage. It is -difficult to determine which is the more -stupid and superficial point of view, -that of regarding books as time-killers -or as useful topics of conversation. -The latter is probably the worst, as, in -addition to its superficial aspect, there -is its insincerity. The man or woman -who reads a great book because it is -"the thing to do" is not only a weak -follower of fashion but a waster of -valuable time. It is far better never -to have read a book than to have read -it stupidly and begrudgingly with the -thought in mind that it will be a -feather in your cap to be able to boast -of having read it. Needless as it may -seem to make a point of this, it is, -nevertheless, the idea in the mind of -many a man in college, and many a -woman who joins a reading circle.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Some misguided supporters of the -study of the ancient classics use as a -plea that "every gentleman should -read Greek." The insincerity of this -defence can only be compared to the -sighs of the woman who attempts to -convince her neighbors that the -beauty of a sunset appeals to her as it -does to no one else, or the ecstatic -murmurings of the young man at the -art exhibition, who is arousing within -himself a false enthusiasm, for some -artistic cult that in truth means -nothing to him.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>We see this type of man or woman -all too often. They are usually -gushing about their latest emotional -experience, when in fact they are -incapable of having any. It is an -insincere attempt to be the highest of -the high-brows. Let us have none of -this! Let us realize that education -and culture are splendid things to be -highly prized, but only in that they -make the individual who possesses -them a richer, deeper, more -sympathetic person.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A hobby, which has to-day become a -fashion, is bird study. Far be it from -me to disparage the movement -seemingly alive in all our suburban -districts, but let us make short shift with -those who ogle knowingly through -field glasses, when the motive behind -the action is that in select company it -is considered "the thing."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is a safe warning never to read -a book because it is fashionable. Never -read a book because you think it will -form an engaging topic of conversation; -always read because you want -to derive a sincere inspiration, an -enlarged point of view. Within a library -is encased the soul of the past, the -meaning of the present, the promise -of the future. From it we derive the -entire tradition of which we are -inheritors, the deeper movements of -which we are a part, the prophecies -of the future in which we and ours -will live. This treasure is more worthy -of respect than to be treated as the -devourer of an idle hour, or the means -whereby to keep "in the swim."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The cultured man is a man of broad -understanding, of deep sympathies. A -fisherman who knows his boat, his line -and the bay in which he makes his -livelihood may be a cultured man. He -may have derived from his way of -life and the tools of his trade the -solemn truths that give him an -understanding of the ways of men and the -needs of the human heart; but another -man who has gone through the -University, "machinely made, machinely -crammed," may be totally without -culture in that he has never drunk at -those well-springs of living which -teach the mind the great underlying -sentiments that rule the world. One -may well be educated and yet -uncultured, "well-read" and yet without -the vision that may be derived from -books. It is not the word but the -spirit of the word that must be taken -to heart and lived.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Matthew Arnold defined culture as -a knowledge of the best that has been -done and said by man—but the one -who </span><em class="italics">opens that door</em><span> must have more -than that knowledge. It is not enough -to cram away facts in the corners of -your brain. These facts must have a -direct bearing upon your life. To -have knowledge of the best that has -been written, you must not only read -a great poem but you must allow the -thought or fancy to sink into and -become part of your personality; of the -best that has been done you must not -only have knowledge of the courage -and wisdom of the early Americans -who broke the yoke of Great Britain, -but you must apply their courage and -wisdom to your daily life; of the best -that has been said you must not only -read one of Abraham Lincoln's great -speeches, but absorb the quiet -spirituality of the man who uttered them, -and allow his personality to become -part of yours.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Farcical moving-picture shows and -talking-machine rag-time surely have -their place, but can they enter the soul -of man as can "the best that has been -written, done and said"? The plays -of Euripides and the words of Marcus -Aurelius have for many centuries -given deeper understandings and -wider horizons to a multitude of -readers, and it is probable that the -intensity with which they have acted -upon the individual is commensurate -with the length of time that they have -acted upon the mass. We do not -believe that this can be said of the -time-killing "movie" or the rag-time song -of yesterday.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Let us enter the world of living -through the world of books. It is -from the printed page that we can -best equip ourselves for a rich life of -value to ourselves, our family and our -neighbors. If you do not believe it, -read some book that the world has -acknowledged great. Having read it, -live it in your eternal self, and you -will have passed through the Open Door.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is a rainy day at the seashore; I -am writing in the reading room of a -summer hotel. Without, the rain is -sweeping across the bathing beach, the -tennis courts are flooded, the golf -course, without a doubt, is a swampy -morass. It is a dreary sight for one -who looks through the window pane. -Our little world is upon a vacation, -and all but the few who wish to tramp -the beach in raincoats and gum boots -must stay in-doors. And yet there is -happiness, and I believe greater -promise of the morrow. In one -corner of the room there is a stripling -of about thirteen, curled in a chair, -absorbed in his book, which from -the cover I know to be "Treasure -Island." He is with Old Pew, John -Silver, and the cut-throat buccaneers. -On the morrow the sand-dunes for -that boy will be places of mystery -where weird and exciting fairy deeds -might have been accomplished. The -commonplace bathing beach will have -new mysteries, as the waters that -splash at his feet are the same that -surround some sunbaked, South Sea -Treasure Isle.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>At the desk opposite me, a student -with furrowed brow reads a calf-skin -volume. I have noted the title: "The -Speeches of Henry Clay." Perhaps -this fellow is a young lawyer or an -aspiring politician. He wishes to -absorb the ideas of the silver-tongued -"Harry of the West," the popular -idol of seventy years ago, and to -consider their bearing upon the tariff -questions of to-day. He must agree -with Napoleon Bonaparte: "Read and -reflect on history; it is the only true -philosophy." And there is a girl -reading the poetry of Alfred Noyes, -and a bespectacled, bearded old man -with a volume of Pope. They have -both turned to poetry to find the -beauty and truth those poets have -seen. How much will their spirits be -affected, the one by the lyric note of -our contemporary singer, the other by -the didactic moralizing of the philosopher wit?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>So it goes! The boy sees visions of -pirates and adventure, the old man -dreams dreams and seeks new truth; -the young man desires armor for his -life's battle, the girl finds beauty, a -refreshing and invigorating draught. It -rains to-day but they will all be more -richly endowed to welcome the sun -and sea breezes of the morrow.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="reading-fiction-with-an-eye-on-life"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER III</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">READING FICTION WITH AN EYE ON LIFE</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">The world and life's too big to pass for a dream,</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">* * * * *</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">you've seen the world—</span></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">The beauty and the wonder and the power,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">The shapes of things, their colors, lights and shades,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Changes, surprises,—and God made it all!</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">FRA LIPPO LIPPI</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Our good Brother, Lippo Lippi, -has started off two of my chapters, -and it is well that he should, as no -artist had a keener appetite for life -than had he. He grasped all there -was of the best in life—color, love, -work—and he enjoyed it.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Librarians, booksellers, and blatant -advertisements assure us that we are a -novel-reading public. The number of -copies sold of this and that best seller -are at first sight staggering, and even -more so after having read the book! -A certain novel becomes the fashion -in the same inconsequential manner -as does an especially uncomfortable -type of collar—another season both -are forgotten and something new is -taken up. The writing, publishing -and advertising of such books have -become a purely commercialized art -upon the part of the authors and -booksellers. "Where are the snows of -yesteryear?" sighed François Villon, -"Where are the masterpieces of last -summer?" sighs the meditative -consumer of fiction. Almost every novel -which has those qualities which -publishers believe will appeal to an idle, -amusement-loving populace is -proclaimed in display advertising as "the -greatest novel of the decade," "the -great American novel," or in some -other equally false manner. The -author, the publisher, and even the -readers know that such statements are -utter falsities and yet the sale goes -up into the hundreds of thousands. -I often wonder what has become of -the stupendous number of copies of -a certain book the World was reading -some ten years ago. It is never -mentioned; it is never read; it is seldom -seen on anyone's bookshelves, yet the -material volumes must be lying about -somewhere. Perhaps such books are -indeed as "the snows of yesteryear" -and melt away when their day is done. -One who wishes seriously to acquire -the riches there are in books might -well make it a rule never to read a -novel until it has stood the test of -time. What, bye the bye, is the use -of reading, unless you mean to get the -best out of it? Walking is better -exercise, conversation more sociable, -gambling more risky and therefore -more full of zest! Any story worth -reading this summer must surely be -worth reading five years from now. -Life is too short, there are too many -great books that are eminently worth -reading, to spend our time wading -through the ruck of tastefully bound, -hurriedly illustrated, widely -advertised novels that greet us every season. -I repeat—Do not read a book that you -may be in the swing of up-to-date -conversation. If you do, you prove -yourselves the gull of everyone concerned. -Let time do your winnowing, and if -after five years the people of taste are -still talking of the book, you may turn -to it and probably find something of -true merit. You may say that with -such a plan you will read but few -modern novels. Quite true, there will -be but few that stand the test of even -five years, but how much better it is -to conserve your energies and time for -reading the great works of fiction that -have stood the test of generations.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>As in all other reading, novels -should awaken you to a new life. You -should choose those that have the -truest effect upon your goings and -comings after you have put them -aside. You must agree that those -treating of an impossible, untrue -social condition, as some money-grabbing -manufacturer of stories pretends -to see it, will not have this effect. -Neither will those of untrue chivalry -and sentiment in which untrue ladies -weep unnatural tears, and untrue -heroes do impossible deeds. Such -trivial falsities merely chew up the -all too few hours allotted mortals upon -this good ship, the Earth. Which -then are those novels that are to be -read not for the purpose of passing -the time, but of holding up the time, -and of making every minute more -real, more full of meaning,—for that -is the function of all great books?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is a poem of John Keats -beginning,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Lo—I must tell a tale of chivalry;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>For large white plumes are dancing in mine eye.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Perhaps these lines to every one do -not carry the same magic beauty and -promise of long-dreamed-of things -that they do to me. The poem was -never finished, and I, for one, deeply -regret it, as surely we would have had -a tale to set our hearts afire with the -clangor of the mediæval tournament, -or the lone quest of a golden armored -knight.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Sir Walter Scott told such tales in -prose and his novels are of the -greatest in literature. Honoré de Balzac -told stories of French life in which -there is nothing specially chivalric, -nothing in that sense bewitching, and -yet his tales, too, are of the greatest in -literature. The terms Realism and -Romanticism are used to describe two -different aspects of art, music and -literature. We will use them in -considering the relation of novels to life.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Balzac is considered the father of -modern realism. This is partly due -to the fact that he presented in a -forceful manner the principles upon which -he worked. He desired to put the life -of France, city, provincial, military -and official, within the covers of his -books. It is interesting to remember -that he wrote at a period in which men -were perhaps more interested in the -reason and purpose of human life -than they had ever been before. Those -scientific discoveries, which were -finally to lead the way to our present -theories of evolution, were bringing -men to a realization that the religious -dogmas upon which they had founded -their faith were weakening. It was -difficult for a thinking man to believe -that the world had been made out of -whole cloth, but a few thousand years -before. Science was in the air; faiths -were shattered. Balzac turned to man -to determine anew his nature. His -was the huge task of presenting man -in all his loves and hates, purposes and -motives, works and joys. He -attempted it, and there has been a great -army of writers following in his -footsteps. Their aim has been to give a -realistic cross section of certain -aspects of life, allowing the reader to -draw inferences as to its meaning and -his personal relation to it.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This is realism. It is most -unfortunate that in our country the word has -become synonymous with books of a -sordid and erotic nature. Realism in -literature should show us life as it is, -and as life is neither all sordid nor -all erotic, neither should literature -present only those aspects. The function -of this type of literature is a great -and important one.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The supreme realist has a God-given -power of seeing and feeling the -forces and emotions that make up -human living. He sees and examines -life as if under a microscope, and with -this peculiar power he must have the -faculty of expression. You may ask -how we can apply the words contained -in such a novel to our own life? We -all feel that there is a great advantage -in "understanding life." We try to -analyze our own and our friends' ways -of living. Let us go to great novels -and see what we find there.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Was it a child who said, when going -through the British Museum, that he -liked the sculpture better than the -paintings because he could walk -around the sculpture? He spoke more -wisely than he knew. The same simile -may be applied to the realistic novel. -In reading it we may walk about and -examine life. From day to day, as -we live things happen so rapidly, the -world is passing before us so fast that, -unless you have a supreme intellect, -it is impossible to examine the pageant -but from one point of view. You can -but look at the front of the picture. -It is flat, there is but little perspective.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The genius with the gift for fiction -such as had Tolstoy, Balzac or -Smollett can encase civilization within -the covers of a book. You may read -and understand. There is something -static. You live a thousand lives by -proxy, you enter a hundred homes -and have converse with the hearts of -men and women. Instead of seeing -but the front of things, we walk -behind and take in life from every angle. -The characters in the drama of life -are under a microscope through which -we are privileged to look. Tolstoy -presents life as it was in Russia forty -years ago, but human hearts that are -cosmopolitan and eternal, Balzac, the -France of the forties, Smollett, -England of the eighteenth century. We -learn the ideals, the struggles, the way -of life of different civilizations, of -different ages.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>We find that our point of view is a -narrow one, that our place in the Sun -is perhaps a very small corner, and -our hearts and minds are enlarged to -a deeper sympathy with all men, a -finer understanding of all ideals and -practices.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Instead of living in the little village -of our own outlook, instead of -weighing all experience and action by our -own, we arrive at a higher, more -cosmopolitan point of view. Whereas -we might think that ours is the only -century in which people flock to the -cities and live material lives of rush -and money-grabbing, we find the same -thing true of Smollett's England of -one hundred and fifty years ago; -instead of condemning the woman who -cannot get along with her husband we -have a broader sympathy for having -followed the career of the splendid -Anna Karenina in Tolstoy's novel of -that name. We break the shell of our -petty selves which has made for so -many misunderstandings and -prejudices. We must not pride ourselves -upon our own motives and civilization, -until we have at least made an -attempt to understand those of others.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Since the days when Nathaniel -Hawthorne condensed the spiritual -aspects of New England in his -immortal "Scarlet Letter," there has -been a scarcity of American novels of -any high realistic calibre. Ernest -Poole has recently done brilliant work -in "The Harbor," in which he -presents the ideals that have guided a -young man of our day and generation. -Yet, here we are, in a strange world -indeed—the greatest spirits hurling -themselves into the strife of -ninety-mile-an-hour living, only to be tossed -aside to make way for younger -and harder workers, more efficient -thinkers. The strange growling beast -of a great American city, the wide -acres of efficient irrigated farming, -with the workers in each, have yet -even partially to be interpreted by the -genius of fiction. When it has been -done by the great seers, we will find -answered many questions which -puzzle us to-day. Not the mirror but -the cosmic microscope must be used -as the tool. It will not be done by one -man; it will take a literary army—let -the advance guard come with our -generation!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>And of Romance—what will we say -of the tales which take us away from -the dusty world of every-day duties -and responsibilities, into a magic -turmoil of brave deeds and devoted -lovers? We must not forever be -muddling about in the mundane -sphere in which we make our bread -and butter—we must at times for -wealth and happiness gaze through</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Charm'd magic casements, opening on the foam</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Of perilous seas, in faery lands forlorn.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>We of the Anglo-Saxon race have -a glorious heritage in the Waverley -Novels. Sometimes, we are told that -Sir Walter Scott is becoming a -memory, and that of the past -generation; but many feel, and I am of that -number, that the author of "Ivanhoe," -"Kenilworth," "Quentin Durward" -and the score of other yarns -which have charmed youth and age -for now well-nigh a century has a -permanent place in our literature, -perhaps only surpassed by William -Shakespeare. Lucky is the boy or girl -who has grown up, and the older -persons who still sojourn with the -Knights and Ladies, the Kings and -Queens, the Highland Fairies, the -human serfs who march in an endless, -enduring procession through the -pages of the Prince of story tellers. -For such readers the Past is hallowed -with a magic circle that defies tawdriness. -How pleasant it is for one who -lives in a roaring city to be able by -reaching to the book-shelf to forget -the affairs of the day and to live in the -pomp and pageantry, the heroics and -devotions of the Past. The lover of -Romance may well say to the reader -of modern realism, "Why read of -slums, of offices, and city suburbs -when you may ride out with Prosper -l'Gai in Hewlett's 'Forest Lovers' or -be partner in countless intrigues of -love and swordsmanship through a -dozen of Alexander Dumas' yarns'?" Why -indeed?—we sometimes wonder.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is a marvellous gift, that of the -man who can look back into the past -and make it alive and breathing for -the readers of the present. It is -dangerous to take Dumas and Scott -for our guides to true history, as they -have too often twisted the facts in -order to spin a good tale, but as -revealers of the atmosphere of history, -they are unsurpassed even by the -greatest historians, and if we have the -atmosphere we have a rich and -splendid background in which to place the -facts. We may sojourn in ancient -Carthage by reading Flaubert's -"Salammbo," in Rome by Sienkiewicz's -"Quo Vadis," in Pompeii by Bulwer -Lytton's "The Last Days of Pompeii," -in early England by Scott's -"Ivanhoe." Even those scornful -individuals who pride themselves upon -being "men of the world" have -something to learn if they have only studied -their own time as it goes fleeting past. -For facts let us turn to the scientific -historians, but for life to the historic -romances.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Let us find justification of each -tale, not in its historical accuracy, but -in the fact that "it helps the ear to -listen when the horns of Elf-land -blow." It is for this that we will read -them,—that we may awake refreshed -as from a plunge in the springs of -Mount Olympus. If they do not -revivify our jaded senses, and awake -our tired vision to the beauties of -character and nature of the world in -which we live, we may lay them aside -and be sure that the author does not -measure up to the proper standard. -The love of a story is deeply -ingrained in the human heart. The -baby, before he can read, listens, -fascinated, to the paraphrase of some -classic fairy tale related by his -mother; the minnesinger of old in the -mediæval castle charmed the tired -fighters with tales of greater love and -chivalry; the medicine man recounted -to the savage tribe the sagas of their -ancestral struggles and triumphs; we -all love to hear the man talk who has -been to strange lands and seen strange -peoples. It is the cry of human nature -for accounts of the doings of men in -worlds in which we live not that -makes the tremendous demand for the -novels of the day. Let us remember, -however, that the old story tellers, the -medicine men and the mothers with -their infants at their knees told tales -that really fed souls in warming the -hearts and awakening the intellects of -their eager listeners. The plumed -knight buckled on his armor with -more vigor, and attempted, the next -day, to outdo the deeds of the -minnesinger's hero; the child lived in -fairyland and found a background for his -playing and dreaming; the savage -warrior felt more keen to go upon -the warpath to uphold the tradition -of his ancestors who were watching -him from their places in the Happy -Hunting Ground.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>These stories were of the staff of -life to their hearers. How many of -the novels you read bring nothing but -the means of wasting an hour? Grown -people to-day must find their stories -in books: there do not frequently come -in our way travellers who have been -overcome with the mystery of far-off -places; we have no longer medicine -men who sing of the glories of our -ancestors; we perforce must turn for -our minnesinger to the printed page.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Let that page be worth while! -Insist upon reading a story that means -something; either that gives you a -more sympathetic understanding of -your fellow men, or an inspiration and -refreshment by allowing a glimpse -through that "magic casement" which -opens to the world of Kings and -Princes, Castles and Feudal Keeps, or -to the mountain where dwelt the Giant -or to the seas upon which sailed the -Pirates of your boyhood.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>When novels reveal unknown vistas -of beauty and delight, or present ideas -that jog our thoughtless complacency, -they are of the stuff that intensifies -and glorifies existence. They keep a -man's mind from being commonplace -and mongrel. Let us all be Kentucky -thoroughbreds in the way we look -upon the world. Chafe at your bit, -stamp the ground and be eager to get -away at the front when the barrier -goes up. Anyone can be an "also -ran." A good story is often tonic -enough to turn an "also ran" into a -winner!</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="history-and-your-vote"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER IV</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">HISTORY AND YOUR VOTE</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="small">We are much beholden to Machiavel and others, -that write what men do, and not what they ought -to do.—BACON</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>One of the greatest evils into which -a democracy may inadvertently slide -is an indifference upon the part of the -populace to the political issues of the -day. We have upon several occasions -in our history passed through periods -of almost unlimited commercial -prosperity during which everyone has been -too much absorbed in the pursuit of -power and riches to give a thought to -the affairs of government, with the -result that our state and national affairs -have lapsed into disgraceful -conditions of inefficiency and moral -laxity. Such periods have paved the -way to corrupt boss rule and throttling -machine politics.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Ignorance, which always comes -with indifference, and yet is most -pernicious when most active, is -another extreme and vital danger. It -must be evident to every thinking -man or woman, that a nation whose -political destinies are in the hands of -the people with their almost universal -franchise should be made up of voters -who are alive and thinking. "Read -and reflect on history; it is the only -true philosophy," wrote Napoleon -Bonaparte in his instructions -pertaining to the education of his only son, -the King of Rome. The great Emperor -must have realized that his -phenomenal success in ruling men and -establishing law had as an important -part of its foundation his knowledge -of the affairs of men in the past. -Without suggesting that we should all -be Napoleons, it seems true that our -political fabric would be infinitely -more stable, if the rank and file of -American citizens should feel it a duty -"to read and reflect on history."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>With our ever-increasing -number of ignorant Southern European -immigrants, who have come from -countries where republican forms of -government are practically unknown, -it seems that our inherited tradition -of a republican democracy will be -undermined through ignorance, -unless, indeed, these new citizens be -given an understanding of our history -and the meaning of our systems.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>To-day many specious types of -radicalism, that are for the most part -pleasant Utopian dreams of the -future, standing upon no foundation -and drawing no nutriment from the -past, are thundered about most -seriously. In life and in statecraft there -is one great teacher,—Experience. A -man weighs the advisability of a -certain step by his past experience, and -this must be the basis of thought when -determining matters of political -science. A reader of American -History may find food for thought in -comparing the manner in which the -half-baked political theorists of -to-day come to their conclusions with -that of the great American -statesmen of the past. To-day we are -opportunists. Instead of weighing -experience and testing the future, we -jump helter-skelter at what seems of -temporary value. In dreaming of the -future you must remember the past -or your dreams are futile. Emerson -somewhere tells us, that when you are -drawn into an argument upon moral -values, you should always ask your -opponent whether he has carefully -digested his Plato. If he has not, you -may placidly refuse to continue the -altercation, as he to whom Plato is -unknown is unfit to talk with a -thinking man upon problems of higher -morality. I believe that in like -manner we could close the mouths of many -trumpeters of social uplift through -sumptuary legislation. Ask them if -they have carefully read their -histories. If they have not, and probably -the accent will be on the "not," you -may safely snub them, by insisting -that they turn to the past, before they -have the right to ask people to listen -to their talk of the present and the -future.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>At the time of the founding of our -Republic, in Thomas Jefferson, James -Madison, and Alexander Hamilton we -had three supreme </span><em class="italics">students</em><span> of -government. Perhaps more than to any -other one cause the success of our -"American Experiment" is due to the -profound knowledge and scholarly -attainment of those three men. Upon -them rested the responsibility of -founding a government "of the -people, for the people, and by the -people" that would neither be -subverted by the wiles of a demagogue or -the power of an oligarchy, nor -become chaotic through the unrestrained -influences of the proletarian populace. -To Jefferson we owe the Declaration -of Independence, to Madison a great -part of the thought and the wording -of the Constitution, to Hamilton the -body of the Federalist Papers. Their -thought was not the thought of the -minute, but of all time. In all their -writings we can see their thorough -grasp of the faults and virtues of the -governments of almost every nation -in past ages. They knew, as too few -of our public men know, that the -future cannot be made out of whole -cloth, but must evolve from the past. -They had studied men and the political -needs and powers of men. The result -has been the establishment of a -government that has stood the shock of -almost a century and a half, a period -during which almost all other civilized -governments have been the prey not -to peaceful but to violent evolution. -Upon the passing of the great -Revolutionary triumvirate we were -fortunate in having men of the -intellectual calibre of John C. Calhoun, -Henry Clay, and Daniel Webster. -They were thinkers as well as great -orators, students of the past as well -as guardians of the present.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is a profitable study to read of -the youth of great statesmen. Almost -invariably you will find them as young -men such as would to-day be sneered -at as "book-worms." Napoleon, Pitt, -Gladstone, Cavour, Mirabeau, the -great Americans and many, many -others before they entered public life -were profound followers of the -goddess of learning. It is not -surprising to find that many of them -obtained wisdom and enthusiasm from -the pages of Plutarch's "Lives of the -Ancient Greeks and Romans." It -was in Greece and Rome that we find -the origins of most of our laws and -institutions, and in the lives of the -men who helped to establish them we -may read of the tests and needs in -their development. Considering the -studies of great men it is always -amusing to read the calendar which, upon -the request of Mr. Madison, Senior, -it is said, Jefferson arranged for the -working hours of James Madison, -Junior. Please note that Madison's -health broke down from overstudy -while at Princeton, and it is not to be -wondered at, for here is the schedule: -until eight in the morning he should -confine himself to natural philosophy, -morals and religion; from eight until -twelve, read law and condense cases, -"never using two words where one -will do"; from twelve to one, read -politics in Montesquieu, Locke, -Priestley, Malthus, and the -Parliamentary Debates; in the afternoon -relieve his mind with history, and when -the evening closes in, regale himself -with literature, criticism, rhetoric, -and oratory.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>In those days they indeed believed -in thoroughly equipping themselves -for public life!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A few years ago there was an agitation -afoot in favor of establishing the -systems of the Initiative, Referendum, -and Recall. In the North, the South, -the East, and the West it was hailed -by the spellbinders as the cure-all for -corrupt legislation and undesirable -laws. It was argued that citizens, who -did not have enough political acumen -to elect honest and efficient -representatives, would have enough to become -their own law-makers. In the height -of the political campaign Nicholas -Murray Butler, the President of -Columbia University, published a -small book entitled "Why Should We -Change Our Form of Government?" The -author presented the hazardous -risk that our profoundly important -representative system would run of -being subverted into a chaotic -absolute democracy by instituting laws -that would deprive the executive, -legislative, and judicial departments of -their independence and prestige. The -republican forms would lapse back -two thousand years to those -democratic systems of the Grecian states -that too invariably paved the way to -the despotism of tyrants or the chaos -of mob rule.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The title of the essay was rather -startling to those who had been -advocating the new measures without -having thoroughly analyzed their true -meaning and import. The distinguished -scholar brought clear thinking -to bear upon the situation, whereas -before it had been befogged in the -spread-eagle oratory of demagogues, -and the catch-as-catch-can subtleties -of ignorant theorists. Clear thinking, -President Butler's and that of others, -won the day and the measures are now -well-nigh forgotten. I mention this -as but an instance of the value to our -nation of men who have political and -historical knowledge with the ability -to think clearly upon the important -points of our social progress.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>I heard President Wilson, some -months before he entered upon his -distinguished political career, address -in an informal manner a group of -University students. He said in part -(my quotation is rather a paraphrase, -as I would not dare to transcribe from -memory the words of the most perfect -stylist of our time): "Gentlemen, in -many European countries in times of -national crises and disturbances the -nation looks to the Universities and -the question is asked, 'What do the -young men of the Universities think?' In -America unfortunately this question -is rarely asked, as all realize that -the men at the Universities </span><em class="italics">do not think</em><span>."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This is a bitter arraignment of the -intellectual life at our universities, -and if the speaker's conclusion was -correct the same must to a great -degree be said of the intellectual life of -our nation. The public's antipathy to -broad political matters is the most -dangerous vice that can undermine a -republic, and it is the one that is most -seriously affecting ours. It would be -extraordinary, if it were not so -pathetic, the way in which, without -taking toll of the experience of the past, -without drawing analogies nor -seeking wisdom, we go muddling, -blundering on into the future.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>That there is nothing new under the -sun is perhaps more true in matters -pertaining to political problems than -in any other branch of affairs. History -repeats itself, repeats itself, repeats -itself, as if it never grew tired of -begging the world to learn true lessons. -In proportion as the number of our -citizens appreciate that truism and -sincerely pursue its corollaries, we -will have a sound political condition.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>When Aristotle, a wise man in his -generation, said that it was in the -nature of human institutions to decay, -he knew whereof he spoke. It is -painfully apparent to the student of -history and governments. What were -the seeds of decay that smouldered -and finally undermined the Grecian -democracies, the power of Carthage -and of Tyre, the world-embracing -Roman Empire, the Venetian Republic, -the Holy Roman Empire, proud -Spain of Charles V, and France of -the seventeenth century? Has the -English Empire run its course to -make way for the more vital power of -the Germanic People? In each and -every one of these decadences, if we -wish our national life to retain its -pristine spirit, there are lessons to be -learned by the United States of -America. Our experiment has not -necessarily met the test of time. Our -nation is not liable to be the exception -from those that have slid down the -path to ruin. There is a Germany, -despotic yet powerful, that perhaps -must some day be met in mortal -combat; if the danger lies not there, -perhaps it will be another. In any case -our loins must be girt with power and -strength, our citizenship must be -hardy, our political fabric solid.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>To retain our virtues, to preserve -our national life from decay, is the -responsibility upon the shoulders of our -generation. It is for this that we must -"read and reflect on history" and -apply it directly to life. What an -analogy may be drawn between the Roman -Usurpers in the time of the Empire's -decadence throwing money at the -street crowds to obtain their support, -and our modern politicians bidding -for the old soldier vote by passing -absurdly extravagant pension bills! -This mulct of the treasury is now on -the wane, but is the new power in -politics, the labor unions, going to -obtain legislation and favors because -it can poll a large vote upon election -day? Such things are signs of -decadence. Must we not learn from the -French Revolution that its failure as -a constructive force was due to an -attempt to legislate morality into -existence—and yet we continue to pass -as laws measures that have truly been -dubbed "amendments to the Ten -Commandments." How many of the great -nations and institutions have had -their backs broken through too -excessive centralization, yet, to-day -there are but few individuals and no -political party that stand in -opposition to our ever-increasing tendency -towards federalism, in contradistinction -to community government. Until -the outbreak of the World War, -England, Germany and Russia each had -a terrible internal problem: England -attempting to Anglicize Ireland, -Russia to Russianize Poland, Germany -to Germanize Alsace and Lorraine. -There was this thorn in the side of -each nation: by brute force they were -trying to denationalize another -country. England was failing after three -hundred years of wasted men and -resources, Russia was covering a -volcano that had smouldered for -generations, after over forty years Germany -had as ugly a wound to nurse as in -the beginning. Yet with these -examples, good Americans, with -confident smiles, for three years have -been laughing at the Democratic -administration on account of their -Mexican policy. "Conquer Mexico," -the wiseacres say. Yes, conquer -Mexico the way England has tried and -failed to conquer Ireland!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The political value of history lies in -its disclosures of the defects that have -brought on decay, and the stumbling -blocks that make trouble. In reading -history we must keep our eyes on the -present. It is unreasonable to believe -that our government is an infallible -one, or that our national existence, -maintained with the most stable -governmental authority, combined with -the widest possible latitude for the -liberty of men, is any more infallible -than the many other systems that have -met with disaster in the past. The -reading of history is valuable, in that -it enables us to have those visions of -the future that will be fruitful in that -they are moulded by our experiences -in the past. Such visions, inculcating -power of judgment, are never more -requisite than in these days in which -the blind pacifist, the quack reformer, -the misguided theorist, and the -wide-promising demagogue are abroad in -the land. We must study our lessons -of the past that we may spurn those -governmental cure-alls evolved, -according to Alexander Hamilton, "in -the reveries of those political doctors, -whose sagacity disdains the admonitions -of experimental instruction."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>American history properly forms -the most fruitful subject of study for -Americans, and yet one must have a -wide background to obtain the proper -crop. One must soon be led to the -investigation of our legislative, -executive and judicial functions as they -developed through the evolution of -constitutional government in England. -The democratic models traced to the -Grecian states, the seeds of -"sans-culotte" philosophy that Jefferson and -Tom Paine brought from France, the -thought of political scientists such as -Plato, Machiavel, Locke, and Montesquieu -open fields in which every reader -may learn lessons that will guide his -judgment in the ever-important -problems of the day.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A citizenship educated to a knowledge -of the past is a bulwark that will -defend the integrity of our nation. -Such a citizenship is in truth an ideal -in that it is unobtainable, but it is a -splendid ideal and one that should be -our guiding star. In a government -such as ours it is intolerable that an -educated man should cast his vote by -habit, and yet how often do we hear -the opinion expressed that such and -such a man would vote the straight -Democratic or Republican ticket no -matter what the platform, no matter -who the candidate? This study of -political parties is itself fruitful. One -hundred years ago the Democratic -party was the party of decentralization -and "laissez-faire," but to-day, -since the Bryan influence has had such -sway, it eclipses the Republican party -as the exponent of centralization and -paternalism. There are, however, -thousands of voters who continue to -vote the straight Democratic ticket, -believing that the party stands for the -same principles as it did when their -fathers first voted. This is but an -incident of man becoming an indifferent, -incapable political animal. Too much -of such indifference is a fatal disease -to a country of universal franchise.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>History has no business in the -closet! "History and your Vote," -gentlemen,—and now, in several -states, you of the fairer sex,—is a -phrase worth remembering upon election day.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="clio-s-vintage"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER V</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">CLIO'S VINTAGE</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="small">History after all is the true poetry.—CARLYLE</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>To the one who drinks of the -wisdom of Clio, the Muse of history, there -will come manifold riches other than -the accrued satisfaction of -well-weighed political judgment. A -knowledge of history, in its broadest sense, -may well be said to be the essential -foundation of all cultural education. -The movements in science, philosophy, -music, literature and the plastic arts -are all inseparably intertwined, and -they have as their controlling -background the political actions of men -and the economic forces that move -peoples.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is as impossible to thoroughly -understand the poetry of Wordsworth, -Shelley or Byron without having -an appreciation of the political -and economic events of the French -Revolution and Napoleonic Era, as it -is to conceive of the Epics of Homer -without the Trojan War. The music -of Bach and Haydn has as its -foundation the reasonableness in religion, -philosophy and political thought of -the eighteenth century, as the music -of Wagner and Chopin the unreason -and rampant individualism of the -early nineteenth. The books of the -Cromwellian period reflect the -illiberality and severity of the Puritan -parliaments: the books of the Restoration -reflect the French upbringing of -Charles II. Wars and rumors of war, -famine and years of plenty, new -discoveries and great invasions make up -the life of the world, and it is of this -life that literature and music are -made. We could indefinitely cite -instances of the influence that history -has had upon the arts, but in this -chapter let us consider history as an art, -history as literature.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>No historian who deserves the name -should write "dry" histories. The -greatest historian is he who has an -inspired passion for delving into the -past, and the ability to interpret it in -its living, human aspects. The -"scientific" student who considers his -mission that of arriving at the precise -facts is not an historian but a -"dry-as-dust" recorder. He is useful, -however, in providing the material that -will enable the true historian to cast -illuminating spotlights upon the -centuries that have gone before. -Mr. William Roscoe Thayer, one of -the most distinguished of our -American historical writers, tells us that -"Hi'</span><em class="italics">story</em><span>'—let us not forget—is -five-sevenths </span><em class="italics">story</em><span>." The historians whom -we want to read are those who tell us -the dramatic </span><em class="italics">story</em><span> of the past. -Two-sevenths of their ability should, -perhaps, be their infinite patience and -intellectual honesty in gathering, -sorting and weighing documents and other -sources of information, but the other -five-sevenths must be that ability -which is the genius of the story teller. -Someone has said that every historian -must be his own "dry-as-dust," his -own bespectacled investigator of -authentic facts,—if the rest of him is -an impassioned teller of tales we have -a supreme historian. Gibbon, before -the days of elaborately prepared -source books, before the days of -thoroughly indexed libraries, ransacked -the learned treasuries of Europe and -Asia Minor for information; to this -infinite patience there was added in -his character the gifts of the artist -and the dreamer. The result, after -ceaseless labor, was the monumental, -yet fascinating and comparatively -reliable, "The Decline and Fall of the -Roman Empire," a book that is -acknowledged the acme of historical -perfection.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A few months ago, a woman of -intellect, a wide traveller, an omnivorous -reader, a mother of a large family, an -efficient manager in whatever she -undertook, was asked the name of the -book that had made the most -impression upon her life. Without a -moment's hesitation she replied, -Carlyle's "History of the French -Revolution." Upon questioning her, -we found that she had read the two -large volumes three times, and with -each rereading there had awakened in -her the sentiments aroused by the -greatest dramatic tragedy, the most -intense human story.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Carlyle was not a scientific historian, -he did not write histories for -other historians; he wrote as one -whom God directed to put upon pages -of flame the characters, the drama, the -magnificent incidents, the cruelties, -the braveries, the cowardices, the -heroisms of "the truth that is stranger -than fiction." It is indeed more -interesting to read of what men have -done as depicted by the historian, than -what they might have done as depicted -by the second-rate novelist!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>If you have not read the "French -Revolution," read it at once! The -author has taken the most dramatic -period in modern times and he has -treated it as it deserves. It has the -power of tragedy, whose mission is, -according to Aristotle, "to purify the -soul through fear and terror." Your -soul will be enlightened, you will be -made to feel, as all great history makes -you feel, that life is played upon a -wondrous highway, and that the sights -and works upon the way are of the -sort to make you live in a trembling -condition of wonder and expectancy. -The city crowds will have new -meaning: men and women, for having once -been participants in the terrible -cataclysm of one hundred and twenty -year ago, are still of the stuff to -accomplish strange deeds, and to -fulfil undreamed-of destinies.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Has it occurred to you what a -relatively small and insignificant number -of familiar acquaintances we are able -in our daily life to have? How many -men and women do you know who have -guided the destinies of nations, led -great armies into the field, or are to -meet death in their attempts to -overthrow the tyranny of a despot or a -bigot? In history we may meet them, -and become acquainted with their -problems and struggles. The past is -a select drawing-room into which we -all may enter. We may derive -inspiration from the same wells that -prompted the Crusaders to set out -time after time in their well-nigh fatal -effort to drive the Moslems from -Jerusalem; we may absorb the spirit that -moved Cromwell's Ironsides; we may -appreciate the pettiness of our own -weaknesses and vexations in -comparison with the odds against which -some of History's heroes have fought -and conquered. It is pleasant to live -in the court of Louis XIV and to talk -with kings and princes through the -pages of St. Simon's "Memoirs"; it -is a spiritual tonic and excitement to -follow the careers of the Indian -Missionaries through Parkman's glowing -pages! It is in truth more downright -"fun" than doing most things!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Undoubtedly it is true that -Napoleon's ruthless ambition brought -devastation to the lands that he -conquered, and sorrow to the nation -whose young men he led to the -cannon's mouth, and yet I sometimes -think that greater than the Code -Napoleon, which he instituted, is the -inspiration that his career has been to -the young men of all countries. How -many boys have dreamed their vision -of the future when following the work -of the little Corsican, who at the age -of twenty-seven led the armies of -France across the Alps to crumple in -a series of whirlwind campaigns the -proud power of Austria. And there -was William Pitt, the Younger, who -at twenty-four became Prime -Minister of England, one-armed and -half-blind Nelson at Trafalgar Bay, -Lincoln, the rail-splitting President, -Olive, Garibaldi, Hampden, and how -many another has been a light that -beckons our future soldiers and -statesmen?</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>In every epoch of history we will -find new horizons opened that will -enrich and broaden our daily life; in -every vital struggle we will find -individuals and peoples who have acted -in such a way that we should hope to -be guided by them in our struggles -and ambitions; in the failures of the -past we may obtain moral lessons for -the present and the future; in -coördinating our forces and forming our -judgments we will obtain a training -for our minds which will be of use -to every man in carrying out the -enterprises in which he is engaged.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Dr. Johnson well said that the -traveller brings from his journeys -that which he brings to them. It is -indeed pitiful to be in Paris and to see -countless American tourists rushing -about "seeing Paris." What a difference -there is between those who bring -to the storied city on the Seine a -familiarity with her past, and those -who bring nothing but time and money -to spend. For the first, there are -human dramas lurking in the -shadows of Notre Dame; Quasimodo, the -strange dwarf in Hugo's great -romance, still swings on the bells of the -belfry; the narrow streets and -turbulent cafes may still contain the -instigators of the Reign of Terror and -their shouting mobs of "sans -culottes"; Camille Desmoulins may still -be visualized in the Café Royal -plucking the leaves to make his tricolor -cockade. At every turn, in every -ancient building, there are rich -historic memories that may feed the -traveller who has prepared himself.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>And the others, to whom history is -a closed book! How barren and -incompetent are their wanderings in -Paris, London, Vienna, or any other -old world city! To think that one can -appreciate the historic gathering -places of the human race without -having knowledge of their past is as -absurd as to believe one knows the -woods when one cannot appreciate -the beauty and wonder of the wild life -that makes of the woods its dwelling -place. Go among the trees some day -with one who has studied and absorbed -"the woodnotes varied"! Wander -about the Quais of Paris, or the -Temple Inns of London, with a man -who has read history with a human -interpretation, and consider upon -your return the increased wealth, you -carry in your mind!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>We cannot all be travellers, but it -is always safe to store up material -against a possible future; although I -have never read far into the history -of China, and though there is little -possibility of my ever visiting the land -of ancient civilizations, I am sure I -could derive much pleasure and -obtain a better understanding of our -Occident if I followed a course of -reading upon the varied fortunes of -the different dynasties that have ruled -the richly storied Eastern nation.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Our history books teach us valuable -lessons in the art of living,—and this -is assuredly the most important of the -arts! As a man who brings something -upon his travels besides his pocket-book -and luggage comes home with -rich experiences and memories, so -does the man who approaches life with -something more than a hungry -stomach obtain from life more than he -otherwise would. The greater variety -of experiences we have, the more we -know of the affairs of men, the richer -our understanding of the forces that -have ruled the world, the more -replete with ecstatic living is our daily -life. If the best of life is to be won -by living in the world keen and alive -to everything that moves, or thinks, -or glitters, a great share of riches -must go to the man who has studied -and thought in other realms than -those which immediately surround his -own dwelling house.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>In Philadelphia I sometimes watch -the hurrying crowds of business men -go scurrying underneath the shadow -of Independence Hall. I wonder if -these crowds are in any true sense -aware of the important and heroic -deeds that were accomplished in that -building. I am sure that if they did -their movements beneath that shadow -would be rich in living experience. At -political conventions, I sometimes -wonder whether the delegates are -aware of the vast consequence of the -long governmental tradition which -they, as delegates, have been called -upon to uphold, and I feel sure that -those who do, fulfil their responsibilities -with a quickened sense of their -weight and human moment.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>On the observation car of a -twentieth-century flyer the road-bed is so -smooth, the rails so even, the power -so terrific, that the past as an -industrial development that has cast aside -the stage coach, the prairie schooner, -the pony express, makes one alive to -the romance of the present. Down on -the beach of a popular New Jersey -summer resort when the water is -dotted black with bobbing civilized -bathers, look out over the waves and -wonder at the change of but four -hundred years. In a moment your mind -can travel back to the Spanish castle -and see Columbus begging the gold -that would enable him to equip his -ships to sail westward into the -unknown sea. Romance cannot be dead -so long as men work, and strive, and play.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is an art in reading history -as there is an art in writing it. The -writer who tells us of a battle with the -same lack of imagination as the -recorder who prepares mortality -statistics must be compared to the reader -who crams his mind full of dates and -uncoördinated facts without drawing -from them the riches and lessons of -experience. The true historian and -the proper reader of history must find -in the past a world of enlightenment, -an enrichment that magnifies, clarifies, -and makes living the present. It is -better to have studied a minute epoch, -the history of your county or town, -with a human understanding than to -have unintelligently digested the -careers of a hundred heroes, the -military movements in fifty campaigns.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Do not turn from the eight bulky -volumes of Gibbon's masterpiece -with the fear that they are dry and -useless, but begin them with the -determination of finding an enlightenment -to your vision of inestimable -value in "the art of living." The -dates of battles, the names of -individuals, the data about which life -revolved, are only of value in that they -are the framework upon which you -can hang the true meaning of the -past—the evolving germ of the -present. The Song of Solomon is not -to be read because it is the Bible, but -rather because it is a love song of -which the world can never grow -weary; Motley's "History of the -Dutch Republic" is not to be read -because it is recommended in the -schools and colleges, but because in it -you will find the unrolling of a human -drama that will quicken your pulse -and strengthen your faith in men.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Read the record of the past with the -desire of obtaining a deeper -understanding, an enlarged vision, an -inspired ideal, a rich experience, and you -will have become proficient in the art -of reading history. You must have -often thought upon the difficulty of -determining exactly what you want. -What do you desire life and your -exertions to give you? In reading -history perhaps you will be helped by -finding out what Christ wanted when -he died upon the cross, what the -Pilgrims wanted when they left comfort -and sailed to strange lands, what -Stanley wanted when he buried -himself in darkest Africa. Clio has had -many wooers, from Thucydides to -Carlyle and George Trevelyan, and -their offerings form a treasure trove -which must not be neglected.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="the-poet-and-the-reader"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER VI</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">THE POET AND THE READER</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<dl class="docutils"> -<dt><span class="small">I myself but write one or two indicative words for</span></dt> -<dd><p class="first last pfirst"><span class="small">the future,</span></p> -</dd> -<dt><span class="small">I but advance a moment, only to wheel and hurry</span></dt> -<dd><p class="first last pfirst"><span class="small">back in the darkness.</span></p> -</dd> -</dl> -<dl class="docutils"> -<dt><span class="small">I am a man who, sauntering along, without fully</span></dt> -<dd><p class="first last pfirst"><span class="small">stopping, turns a casual look upon you, and then -<br />averts his face,</span></p> -</dd> -</dl> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="small">Leaving it to you to prove and define it,</span></p> -<dl class="docutils"> -<dt><span class="small">Expecting the main things from you.</span></dt> -<dd><p class="first last pfirst"><span class="small">WALT WHITMAN</span></p> -</dd> -</dl> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>What is poetry to you or me, as we -rush to make the trolley car or suburban -train? To get to the office on time -seems the main chance, and yet -returning home in the evening are we so -tired that the funny page of the -evening paper fulfils our entire intellectual -and spiritual need? In asking -this let me ask another question. Day -in and day out, in work and play, in -sorrow and anxiety, in pleasure and -enthusiasm, what is life worth to you -and me? We Americans are not much -given to philosophizing about life, we -prefer to live it. Whereas the -intelligent Russian argues about the reason -for and the meaning of action, -Americans are prone without thought to -throw themselves into the mill of -violent living, to go at top speed -until the gears break down, and then -sometimes to say with Kipling's -Galley Slave,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>—whate'er comes after, I have lived and toiled with Men!</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Our answer to the question "What is -the meaning of life?" is simply "The -living of it." "Work while you work, -and play while you play" may be -considered our national motto. In short, -for every minute of our existence we -want to have "sixty seconds' worth of -distance run." To live acutely is our -pleasure, to work our hearts out and -revel in the doing of it is our end. It -is thus, to use an expressive phrase of -the vernacular, that "we prove -something." And it is this fact which -strengthens the paradox that the -American, the man of action and -bustle, must draw his greatest source -of living in the realization of the spirit -of singers.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The poet is he who has drunk more -deeply at the well of experience than -has his fellow men. Many a profound -poet never writes a verse, for when a -man of temperament is deeply moved -he writes a poem within his own heart. -It is for some to transcribe their -emotions into words whereby their -feelings may be communicated from -one man to another; but it is for -others to be without the gift of verbal -expression and the poems must -remain within. How many times in life -is your soul afire with enthusiasm, -drunk with beauty, stricken with -sadness, or overflowing with the meaning -or portent of experience? At those -times you are a poet, whether or not -you transcribe the reflection of your -heart upon the written page. The man -who sings within is a singer whether -or not he gives his song verbal -utterance. These hours of poetic ecstasy -make life a thing to be cherished. The -sources of such ecstasy are manifold—the -love of man and woman, or -parent and children, religious -communion with the Spirit, comradeship, -work, pursuance of duty, speed, -health, beauty, the joy of the builder -or artist, attainment to a higher -understanding, sadness, hope,—from -such springs come the bubbles of the -wine of life, heartening the cherished -hours. Our greatest poems are those -that have never been written—true -experience is poetry, and experience -is an open door to life.</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Yet all experience is an arch wherethrough</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Gleams that untraveled world, whose margin fades</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>For ever and for ever when I move.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>The poetry found in books is -experience, directly or indirectly, -through the agency of verbal expression, -transferred to the printed page. -The great writers of poems are those -who have undergone spiritual experiences -of greater intensity than those -which come within the range of us -lesser mortals. In their poems we -partake of their life, of their ecstasy in -the presence of beauty, of the richness -of their imaginings, of the depth of -their spiritual natures.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>You and I, when we hear the wood -thrush sing, are moved with the music -of the notes, and are possibly carried -away into the bosky woods where the -richly patterned bird in his evening -song pours his heart to Heaven; but -when Keats hears the melody of the -nightingale, his nature so acutely -attuned to the harmony, the message -of peace and solitude, is swept away -in such an ecstasy of heartfelt -longing for that same peace, that same -solitude, that his own heart pours -forth his song, in words no less -musical, in cadences no less rich than the -notes of the feathered songster. His -experience is preserved for us in "The -Ode to a Nightingale" and we may -read and derive the same fascination -that he felt.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Matthew Arnold somewhere tells us -that all great poetry has one or both -of two attributes: "Natural Magic" -and "Moral Profundity." Whatever -these two phrases may mean upon first -sight, after examining their true -import it will be appreciated that the -greatest English critic did not -consider poetry a thing for the closet, or -sentimental matter only to be read by -the melancholy lovelorn to his -sentimental maid. The effect of the -natural magic of a summer's night, of -the sea breaking upon the wind-swept -coast, of the sea gull's flight, is -apparent and valued by everyone. What -are most holidays other than periods -during which we absorb appearances -and sensations, that enter our -personalities and remain part of ourselves -during the succeeding year of work? -"Natural Magic" is that which acts -upon us as a holiday influence, -compounded perhaps of beauty, mystery, -fear or sentiment, which for the -moment or for eternity gives our minds -entrance into a realm of new and -pleasurable things. Read Samuel -Taylor Coleridge's "Kubla Khan" -and you will find the essence of natural -magic. You enter a realm, indeed, of -magic and witchery, for</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>In Xanadu did Kubla Khan</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>A stately pleasure-dome decree:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Where Alph, the sacred river, ran</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Through caverns measureless to man</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Down to a sunless sea.</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Do those lines charm you? They -charm most of us and the cadence of -the words, the confused picture of -Xanadu, have become our own,—riches -with which we would not care to part.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Every time I read them the blunt -edge of life is worn off, living regains -its sharpness, I have to an extent -experienced an ecstasy, taken a -holiday.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is hard to define the exhilaration -of a canter across the meadows upon -a crisp October day, or the impulse -that surges through you as you look -to the ocean breathing the sea breeze, -or the sense of religious comradeship -that grips you when in the midst of -a crowd, great with a single purpose,—but -this is all of the true stuff -of Natural Magic. Your sensations -are not of the minute, but of all time, -as they have vivified your soul and -become part and parcel of your -personality.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It is so with the poets who sing you -a song or breathe a sentiment that is -not oral, not didactic, not purposeful, -but of the stuff that thrills the spirit of -man,—their charm is impossible to -define, it must be felt, and for having felt -it, your spirit is of a color different -from what it was before. As Corot's -landscapes painted in the forest of -Fontainebleau are said to express the -emotion of the painter when in the -presence of nature, so does the lyric -poet of magical gift express his feelings, -lay bare his soul with its emotions -and vacillations. The sadness and -sensuous mystery of Edgar Allan Poe, -the marvellous ability of Tennyson to -fit the most exquisite words to the most -subtle incantations of beauty, the -thrill of romance in Shakespearean -England as depicted by our -contemporary, Alfred Noyes, the appetite -for sensuous delights of Keats, the -tuneful, heartfelt songs of the -Cavalier poets—these are of natural magic, -of delight to the human soul, of the -spirit of art.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>When Shakespeare wrote,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Where the bee sucks, there suck I:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>In a cowslip's bell I lie,</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>he had no moral to expound, he merely -sung from his heart with the beauties -of nature and the ways of fairy-land as -an open book before him. If we wish -(and there is no rightful reason why -we should not) to drain the very dregs -of living for the richest drops of wine, -let us enrich, make more virile our -enjoyment by seeking nourishing -draughts of experience from the poets -who have expressed those sweetest -joys on earth in poems that have -cleansed the souls of men for -generation upon generation.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is the other phrase of Matthew -Arnold, "Moral Profundity." It is -when we seek wisdom from the poets -that we find this attribute. When the -greatest of them give us their -innermost thought, not the record of -experiences, but the essential deductions -from all their experiences, we have -their true wisdom. When Wordsworth -in "The Lines Composed a Few -Miles Above Tintern Abbey." wrote -the words,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>Therefore am I still</span></div> -</div> -<div class="line"><span>.....well pleased to recognize,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>In Nature and the language of the sense,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>The anchor of my purest thoughts, the nurse,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>The guide, the guardian, of my heart, and soul</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Of all my moral being;</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>or when, in his "Ode on the Intimations -of Immortality," he wrote,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>The Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Hath had elsewhere its setting,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And cometh from afar:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Not in entire forgetfulness,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And not in utter nakedness,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>But trailing clouds of glory do we come</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>From God, who is our home:</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>and when Shelley wrote,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>We look before and after,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And pine for what is not:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Our sincerest laughter</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>With some pain is fraught;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Our sweetest songs are those that tell of saddest thought.</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>or when Tennyson, in "Locksley -Hall," wrote,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>This is truth the poet sings,</span></div> -</div> -<div class="line"><span>That a sorrow's crown of sorrow is remembering happier things.</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>those men formulated in exquisite -language truths that have never been -more intensively expressed.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Probably most readers of poetry -have already considered these two -phrases, and those who have, I feel -sure, will agree that they are useful -in making for a clearer understanding -in our estimation of values. To read -intelligently, to get the most out of -our books, we should certainly -attempt to formulate the various aspects -of life the different poets represent, -their relation to the time in which they -live, and their excellencies when they -stand before the bar of the reader's -judgment.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Very few great poets produce -poetry of but a single aspect. -Shakespeare wrote the magical fairy -jingles and yet created the stupendously -profound character of "woe-entangled -Hamlet"; Tennyson composed -many a lilting tune in words, -yet as a moralist he presented the -most sincere thought of his generation. -When we feel philosophic and -thoughtful, we turn to the poems -containing solemn truths; when weary, -jaded, and off color, we turn to the -honey of romance, the witcheries of -sensuous beauty,—and regain our lost edge.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A single phrase may have natural -magic, and yet may express a thought -for which during years of our life -we have been vainly groping. The -poetry of thoughtful content is -probably that which has meant the most -to men, as upon the philosophy of -such religious poets as Dante or -Whitman many a man has braced his -faith; yet we must remember that -much of the wisdom of sages is -expressed in as magical language as we -have in our cherished heritage.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Let us not, however, be academic -about our poets, let us not balance one -against the other, let us not be -carping about metre, subject matter and -critical phrases, let us go to them for -what they can give towards making -this world a more marvellous place -in which to dwell.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>If Kipling makes you feel the glory -of work, of the hard, terrific work in -which we rejoice, if he gives you the -call of the road, the wanderlust, and you hear,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>—the song—how long! how long!</span></div> -</div> -<div class="line"><span>Pull out on the trail again!</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>if Bobbie Burns with his songs of -Scotia gives you a human sympathy -with mankind, an appreciation that -for all his foibles and impossibilities -"a man's a man for a' that"; if Byron -fills your heart with the divine -discontent that in a sweep of glory lands -you above and beyond the commonplaces -of every-day existence; if -Wordsworth makes you see Nature as -you have never seen her before, if he -makes a meadow of buttercups -appear in a new light, with unsuspected -meaning, with hitherto unseen color -and grace; if Keats attunes your heart -to a deeper appreciation of a form, a -fragrance, a musical harmony; if -Milton's solemn cadences inspire you -with the depth of that great Puritan's -spirit; if Shakespeare unbares your -own character in revealing the inner -springs of his eternal heroes; if -Longfellow in "My Lost Youth" brings -back to you the home of your boyhood, -and you see again</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>The sheen of the far-surrounding seas,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And islands that were the Hesperides</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>Of all my boyish dreams;—</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>if you can say with Walt Whitman,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Logic and sermons never convince;</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>The damp of the night drives deeper into my soul;</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>or if there is a man unknown except -for one poem that still stirs you with -the sentiments that you love and -honor—if these, I say, have thus met -your requirements, each and all of -them are </span><em class="italics">great</em><span> poets to you, they have -opened a door to a life richer in -content, deeper in import, more vastly -worth living.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is no danger that the poets -will ever be in need of readers. The -musical expression of thought or -sentiment is as old and fundamental -as is human nature. The sailors -singing their chants as they pull in their -anchor, the negro laborers whom we -have seen singing a song as they -unload the railroad ties, or put the heavy -rails in place, the Western range rider -calming the steers, and quieting his -own nerves through the lone night -watches, the sagas and harvest songs -of simple people in all lands, are facts -that establish the part that poetry -plays in the workings of the human -heart. In reading poetry you will -obtain no credit for upholding a -tradition, as the tradition will stand of its -own vitality; but in </span><em class="italics">not</em><span> reading it you -will miss one of the most bounteous -sources of inspiration, you will pass -by the richest treasure house, you will -neglect the supreme opportunity for -a thorough life that the art of man -has put within your reach. When you -do read, do it for all time, not for a -moment. If the muse is to give you of -her best, you must feel after sharing -her store as did Wordsworth when he -heard the Highland Reaper singing,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>For old, unhappy, far-off things,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And battles long ago:</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>as he tells us,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>The music in my heart I bore,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Long after it was heard no more.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>The poem but begins after you have -read it—the experiences that come -after are the ones that count. Let -us remember the simile and hold the -music in our hearts as a reservoir of -powerful beauty that will carry us -over the stupid, the heavy, the -unpoetic bumps of the days' doings.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="the-children-of-pan"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER VII</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">THE CHILDREN OF PAN</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">For I'd rather be thy child</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">And pupil, in the forest wild,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Than be the king of men elsewhere,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">And most sovereign slave of care;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">To have one moment of thy dawn,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Than share the city's year forlorn.</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">THOREAU</span></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>The enthusiastic nature poetry of -James Thompson, called "The Seasons," -came as a shock to that inbred -lover of the city streets, the taverns -and town activities, Doctor Samuel -Johnson. In these poems, the Doctor -found that natural objects which -before had hardly been worthy of -attention were made to appear beautiful. -We must believe that after having -read "Spring," "Summer," -"Autumn," and "Winter," upon his -infrequent excursions beyond the -environs of the great metropolis he saw -new beauties in the hitherto -common-place landscapes, responded to the -color in the fields and hedgerows, -became interested in fantastic cloud -effects, heard music in the streams, the -waterfalls and in the songs of birds. -For how many of us have arisen -new sources of joy in Nature's -beauteous wonderland at the instigation -of poets, essayists and novelists -who have seen and read with loving eyes</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Of this fair volume which we World do name.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>In an ardent conversation upon the -power of certain poets a friend told -me that the Anglo-Saxon world looked -at Nature through Wordsworth's -spectacles. He maintained that the -reaction of nature upon even those -who have never read a poem by this -poet was influenced by his poetry; -Wordsworth's interpretation of -Nature had so permeated nineteenth -century religion and literature that it -was impossible for even the casual -newspaper reader to escape it. We -do not directly acknowledge our debt, -but the garden clubs, the bird-study -societies, the surburbanite who -throughout the year will spend an -hour and a half in the train, in order, -on the way to the station in the early -morning, to obtain the pleasures of -Nature's awakening, and her retirement -upon his return at twilight, and -the Saturday afternoon golfer who, -after holing his ball, looks beyond the -course at the green whispering woods -and rolling hills, expands his chest -and murmurs "This is the life," are -all unconsciously paying part tribute -to the poet who wrote,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>The world is too much with us; late and soon,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Getting and spending, we lay waste our powers:</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Little we see in Nature that is ours.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>We need a love of nature to-day, as -we have never needed it before. In -the terrific complexity and speed of -our external existence we crave the -quiet, internal stimulus to meditation -and dreams that comes from the Great -Mother's intricate, manifold, yet -untempestuous method of doing things. -From the close hatches of the city -where the noise, the smells, and the -turmoil seem all man-made, we must -get away to the fields and blossoming -pastures to find our souls alone with -ourselves and the Great God Pan. To -those who answer the call of the wild, -or even the call of the suburban -garden, there come new strength and -new conceptions of beauty, to apply -to the work of the world to which we -have lent our hand. The call is being -answered,—man goes back to his own. -We see it on every side: no one in any -walk of life seems so humble or -satisfied not to desire some day to own a -farm; most summer resorts where -there were formerly many a -"flanneled fool" have now become -"Adamless Edens," for our young men have -answered the call of the Red Gods, -and have packed their kits for the trail -that leads to the tall timbers of -solitude, of balsam, of camp fires and -dreams.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Any book or poem that gives you a -keener appreciation of the crimson of -the sumach, the whispers of the wild -things, the glory of the sunrise or of -the all-embracing broadmindness of -Nature, will have done its part -towards bringing literature into perfect -accord with life. If my friend speaks -truly in saying that Wordsworth has -influenced two nations' outlook upon -the world, those poems, laughed at by -some for their quiet simplicity, have -indeed arisen to the highest realm of -literature and have become soul of our -soul, mind of our mind, flesh of our -flesh.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There are others—Wordsworth is -not alone in his glory.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Henry David Thoreau, the perfect -child of a cross country ramble, is my -favorite. To write immortal words, -it is said that a man must have an -immortal passion, whether it be for -beauty, or his God, his neighbor, his -country, his lady, or himself. Thoreau -sunk the love of all else in his -passionate devotion to Nature. His Journals, -kept year by year with ever a spontaneous -freshness, are little else than -an ecstatic love song dedicated to his -mate,—the lake, the woods, the fields, -the apple orchards, the winds, the -colors, the birds, and all that lived -and grew about his haunts near -Walden. A lover sees a beauty in his -lady's eye to which all the world is -blind, and Thoreau senses a magic in -an awakening Spring to which the -senses of us lesser mortals are -comparatively blunt.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>His sincerity of appreciation was -one with his marvellous power of -observation. He did not have the -scientific attitude of mind as had that -fascinating Frenchman, Fabre, who -wrote the biographies of insects in a -way that makes you tremble at the -wonders that go into the making of the -life of a fly. Thoreau would have -scorned the aquarium and cage -methods of Fabre, not because of the -lack of interest in the results, but -rather on account of his love of -Nature, naked, wild, and free. Upon the -shortest ramble he saw myriad -happenings, from the unusual frost -crystal upon the web of a spider to -the most subtle changing with the -varying temperature of a bird's note; -but it is all discovered without the -microscope, without thought of -entomological or ornithological records. A -man should be afraid to say that the -woods are a dreary place in which to -walk upon a winter's day—let him -read a page from the Winter Journal -of our author and he will find that the -book of Nature is never closed for -him who has an eye in focus for her -mystic letterings.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>I say that Thoreau is my favorite -and how could I deny it, since there -is many a winter's day in the city when -I am sick of the asphalt and the -bricks, and yet unable to leave them, -that I can turn to any one of his pages -and be carried by his words to my -favorite woods or stream, to the -longed-for fields and roadways? And -in other seasons when time is more -prodigal, and nature so bounteous -that there seems to be a glut upon the -market, my senses, that might grow -befogged, are given a tonic in a -paragraph that makes the drowsy summer -atmosphere seem pregnant with -beauty and fascination. If you are -cooped among the chimneys and -elevated trains, Thoreau will bring you -to the country—if in the country, he -will multiply the pleasures of your -walk, your ride, or fishing trip. He -stimulates the best of life that is in -you, and that is all we can ask of any -literature.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Nature from one point of view or -another has always been one of the -chief inspirations of the poets. If -you examine the literature of the -human race since the days when -Solomon sang "And the voice of the -turtle is heard through the land," you -will find the various aspects of the -seasons, the songs of the individual -birds, the beauty and sentiment of -flowers, and even the habits of the -different species of fish, continually -reflected in prose and verse. America -has been especially blest with men we -must term literary naturalists. We -have spoken of Thoreau, but there are -also Audubon, Wilson and our elderly -contemporary, John Burroughs.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Wilson and Audubon are especially -famous for their magnificent colored -plates of the birds of North America, -but I ask all nature lovers to go to a -public library and secure the prose -works of these two great ornithologists. -There you will find as interesting -reading as will come to your hand -in many a day. They were both -pioneers in science, art and exploration; -both children of nature, more at -home in the forest than in the city; -both enthusiastic, thrilled worshippers -of their feathered friends whom -they have so brilliantly preserved in -their cherished portfolios. Because -their work was accomplished one -hundred years ago, before our birds were -charted and when journeys of -scientific exploration, even into the -mountains of Pennsylvania, were made -with almost the same difficulty as is -now caused in the exploration of the -most jungled South American river, -the naïve spirit of the explorer, of the -elemental pioneer, is in their every -page. There is ever the surprise, the -uncertainty, the joy of life and study -among unknown and untrammelled -things. Theirs was the joy of -children who for the first time discover a -blackbird's nest in the far-off meadow -and their joy is communicated to us; -we become children of delight, as when -lying upon bur backs on the edge of a -flowery field of clover we watch with -fascination the darts of kingbirds -dashing from the top of the nearby -chestnut after the myriad insects.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>John Burroughs, whose essays have -been a joy upon many an evening and -a stimulating remembrance upon -many a tramp, with a similar -freshness and unworldliness carried on the -tradition of the earlier men. From -his fruit farm upon the Hudson he -continually sends us messages to -forget our tea parties, our moving -pictures, our country clubs, and really to -find ourselves in the discoveries of -beauties and life in the growing, -nesting, and flowering things about us. -One of the happy thoughts that we -derive from him is the knowledge that -to obtain the beneficence to soul and -mind we (poor suburbanites tied to -the necessity of earning our daily -bread in the city) need not follow the -"Long Trail" to the ends of the world -of the furious globe trotter, Rudyard -Kipling, but must only take store of -the things at hand, find the same -happiness in the quiet, civilized, -thoroughbred-cattled meadow as we would hope -to find up against a rugged blow in -the Northern Seas off the coast of -which "you've lost the chart of -overside." You do not have to go so far -from home to know the world. Thoroughly -know the garden that you cultivate, -study all that happens along -the hedgerow upon the way to the -station, and you will be richer than he -who has racketed with half blind eyes -from the Yukon to Patagonia,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>Or East all the way into Mississippi Bay,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Or West to the Golden Gate.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>In conjunction with the reflection of -nature in books, I mentioned our scaly -friends, the fish, without paying due -homage to the king of all philosophic -fishermen, Izaak Walton. How many -devotees of the gentle art of angling -have made of their own the wisdom, -the beauty, the thoughtful content of -the fisherman's classic, "The -Compleat Angler"? A man once said to -me that the next best thing to taking -a walk was to read the accounts of -Walt Whitman's rambles upon -Timber Creek. I answered that upon -the days you could not go a-fishing, -you had best read "The Compleat -Angler." I hold to this! Will not -the men who stand by the trout, the -bass, the salmon, the weak fish, or the -gallant tuna and tarpon, and the boys -who put their faith in the catfish, the -sucker, the eel, or the perch, fall in -together and be one in believing as the -Venerable Izaak believed,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>O the gallant fisher's life,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>It is the best of any!</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>'Tis full of pleasure, void of strife,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>And 'tis beloved by many;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Other joys</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Are but toys;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Only this</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Lawful is;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>For our skill</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Breeds no ill,</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>But content and pleasure.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>There is many another writer who -opens the door to the traveller who -wishes to enrich his enjoyment of -Nature as it is to be seen along life's -highway. I mention but a few who -may give you new worlds for which -you would not trade a mint of silver. -Have you ever gone with Stevenson -upon his walking trips? If not, do so, -and perhaps you will agree with him -that it is pleasant to have a companion -upon your journeys; as Lawrence -Sterne expresses it: "Let me have a -companion of my way were it but to -remark how the shadows lengthen as -the sun declines." If you prefer to -be alone, Hazlitt will tell you that no -companion is necessary, as thoughts -need no companions: "I want to see -my vague notions float like the down -of the thistle before the breeze, and -not to have them entangled in the -briars and thorns of controversy."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Or have you read the books of the -Homer of the Insects, the Frenchman -I have mentioned, Fabre? There is a -treat ahead of you—he wrote of the -crawling, burrowing and flying things -of his beloved Provence, and if there -is anything in this realm more -interesting than his records of observing -the daily lives of the House Fly, the -Praying Mantis, and many another -beetle, cricket and creeper, I have yet -to find it. To say that you must -immediately line your room with -aquariums, jars, and boxes, in which -to preserve and watch the births, loves -and deaths of all the spiders, whirligigs, -and butterflies that come within -your reach is relating the result in -its mildest form that this author has -had upon me. Such books introduce -you to a thousandfold intensity of -existence, as every great book must.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Intensive agriculture is heralded as -the saving factor of human progress. -Let us make a plea for truly intensive -living. As the crops that come from -a rich, well-cultivated soil are bountiful, -so is the life that is the product of -a fertile mind. A poor crop is a -superficial existence of discontented -pleasures and shallow unhappiness; a rich -crop is a life in which the heart and -mind are at least attune to the joy -which may be derived from the living -of it,—brave when courage is needed, -patient when patience is a virtue. The -word "culture" is sometimes derided -as a synonym for pretentious -high-browism, but let us remember that -the farmer respects the word "cultivate," -as he knows that it is necessary -if he wishes to make the harvest a -season of happiness and rich reward. -A man's harvest season is his every -minute of existence—his bounty is the -depth and pleasure of that existence. -Our future life is or is not a "great -perhaps," but our present life is -assuredly a reality. It is </span><em class="italics">here</em><span>—what -are you going to do with it? If you -can make every day a day of intense -interest you have won the greatest -battle! You have stormed the world's -richest citadel! The Children of Pan, -who have loved and written of -Nature, charm and transport you to a -world of infinite interest. They offer -rich fertilizer that gives promise of a -bumper crop—Open that Door into -their Realm.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="men-behind-books"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER VIII</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">MEN BEHIND BOOKS</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Every word man's lips have uttered</span></div> -<div class="line"><span class="small">Echoes in God's Skies.</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span class="small">ADELAIDE A. PROCTER</span></div> -</div> -</div> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>Books contain the accumulated -store of human thought and scientific -attainment—this is a treasure -without which there would be no -civilization—yet in addition, we may say -that the most potent inheritance, that -books vouchsafe, is the personalities -of the great authors who have -inscribed their souls within them. -Personal character affects our lives as -does nothing else. In the back of the -mind of every one there are men and -women who, we appreciate, have been -the makers of our souls. Most often -it is a mother or a father, sometimes a -teacher of our youth, or a friend and -fellow worker of whose nature we -realize we have absorbed a part. -Contact between human personalities is -the most profound mover for good and -evil. A preacher may declaim against -sin for ever and a day, but you know -that your great friend who scorns sin -has infinitely more influence upon you. -The greatest doers of good are men -and women who lead others by the -examples of their own lives. It is -unfortunately not given to many to -come into intimate personal contact -with the most supreme human souls, -but fortunate we are that many have -extended their personalities without -limit into the future, by truly -encasing themselves in books that will -remain as the leaven and inspiration of -all ages and all peoples.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>I have a number of volumes upon -my shelves that I choose to consider -not as books, but as men. Instead of -printed pages, cloth bindings, and -labels, they are living personalities -with whom I can pass an evening. The -reading is over, and I have within me -the character of a great human being. -As have my Mother and Father and -the old fisherman, whose knowledge of -the sea and storm beaten coast fed -my boyish spirit, they have become -part of me. The greatest books are -those that present the greatest men. -It is not the artistry of telling a story -or writing a poem that really counts; -the sincerity and intensity with which -a man, whom we may call our "guide, -philosopher and friend," is revealed -forms the most cherished treasure of -our bookshelf. In sorrow, in -dejection, in need of mental or spiritual -sustenance, when the joy of living is -blunted, when lazy, discouraged or -annoyed, you can go to these great -fellows, converse with them and return -again to the world with a bird's-eye -view, an enlarged vision, a quickened -spirit.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Have you read Walt Whitman? -</span><em class="italics">There</em><span> is a glorious human being—so -magnificent, so all-embracing in his -love, so turbulent, so large in his -personality that to know him, to feed -upon him, you must become submerged -in his book, his soul,—"The -Leaves of Grass." Of this volume -containing his poems he himself said,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>This is no book;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>Who touches this, touches a man.</span></div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>You do indeed touch a man! A great -spirit who saw in all things God; a -Democrat who saw in all men the -spark of the divine; a leader who -raced out to the farthest reaches of -the soul and beckons and begs you -to follow; a lover who embraced all, -the prostitute, the poet, the lowly, -the exultant, Christ himself, in a -spirit of human fellowship; a physical -giant who gloried in his sex and makes -you consider sacred the relationship -of the sexes; a nurse who brought -upon himself paralysis by caring for -the wounded in the Civil War; a -prophet who could no more believe -that the spirit of an individual man -could die than that it had never been -born. Perhaps you think I write -extravagantly—I do not—I but attempt -to present what the personality of -Walt Whitman has meant to me, and -to many, many others. I but ask that -you go to the "Leaves of Grass," and -come in contact with that man to -whom so many look and say—"A -great part of myself is you, Walt -Whitman! My life has been renewed -since first I touched your hand."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Tolstoy! There is another one who -believed in humanity and God,—there -is another who has put a huge, rugged, -loving soul within books. Probably -no one has so influenced the -humanitarianism of our day as did this -bearded old warrior from Russia; -but it was the deep human sympathy -of the actual living Tolstoy that moved -the world, not the arguments he -deduced nor the warnings he gave. He -was always a moralist,—even in his -masterpiece "Anna Karenina" it is -not the story he tells, but the human -love which he reveals that has made -the eternal monument. Afraid of -nothing,—the Czar, convention, -hatred, oppression,—he lived his life -according to the dictates of his own -conscience, the most punishing conscience -that has ever been the attribute of a -master soul. If you do not know him, -read his short story "Master and -Man." There you will find enunciated, -in a manner as poignant, as powerful, -as even that of the Sermon on the -Mount, the doctrine of happiness -found in living your life for others. -Selfishness, pride, materialism, the -sins that spoil the world, cannot stand -in the way of the burning words of -Tolstoy. Your conscience will -receive a stiffening medicine, your -sympathies for the sins and sufferings -of your neighbors will deepen to bed -rock, and your life will become -proportionately more true, more happy, -more Christian. Six years ago in -the lowly hut near the Caucasus, -when the mighty soul of Tolstoy left -the body, the World missed a leader, a -lover, a prophet—but his word still -remains, and the doctrine as told by -him of universal betterment through -love and human sympathy will reach -mankind whilst there are men left to -read, and to communicate.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>We all know the poems of Robert -Burns, most of us know something of -his life. His life and character are -revealed in his poetry. He too was a -lover, but a weak rather than a rugged -one. We love him for his very -weakness. His heart was his strength and -his undoing. He loved until his heart -would break, ruthlessly and -impetuously, and of his sufferings, his -remorses, regrets, and forlorn hopes he -sang. In this cruel world, where -might so often makes right, what a -benediction it is to read a poem -written from the depth of a simple, -sorrowing, yet deeply human heart -upon the suffering that he has caused -the "wee sleekit, cow'rin, tim'rous -beastie" in turning up her nest with -the plowshare. As with all the -personalities that are "great" in the -deepest sense, his was one that felt a -companionship for all that lives upon -the earth, and from his sympathy for -the drunken, the heart-broken, and -the meadow mice, and his joy in -patriotism, true lovers, and beauteous -roses, we derive a depth of sentiment -that needs must mellow our hearts. A -brave spirit in a weak body had -Bobbie Burns—he drank and was -unfaithful, but he felt deeply. We love -him for his depth, we sympathize with -him in his weaknesses. As a friend -he purifies rather than stimulates our -souls, but he is a true friend and a -loving one.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>François Villon, the greatest ballad -singer of all time, the tavern lover, -the vagabond, the heavy-hearted -sorrower, the lighted-hearted laugher, -the bosom companion of thieves, -cut-throats, chattering grisettes, old -courtesans, rioters, and brawlers of the -narrow streets, Cathedral shadows, -Seine banks of mediæval Paris, was -another of those great-hearted human -lovers who had the gift of telling his -heart secrets in words of wondrous -beauty. By twentieth century standards -Villon's actions, thieveries, and -suspected murder, would have been -neither moral nor proper, but by the -standard of all ages, in all true hearts, -his feelings towards the people among -whom he moved will stand the test of -the most austere morality. He loved -all men and women for the best that -was in them, he did not scorn them -for the worst. He was unselfish and -true to his friends, and more than that -we cannot desire. Where there is -hypocrisy there is vice; where there is -selfishness there is lack of Christianity -and humanity; our tavern poet, -François Villon, had neither of these, -and if you want a friend who will -make you see the good in the bad, the -beautiful in the ugly, go to your -bookshelf and become acquainted with the -fervid soul of this ancient ballad -singer.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>When you are too contented, when -your mind feels squidgy with good -living, or sultry from the summer -heat, go to another man,—George -Gordon, Lord Byron. They say that -Byron (with Scott) is nowadays out -of fashion. "They" are mistaken. -The author of Childe Harold and Don -Juan will never be truly out of fashion, -so long as there is a flare in youthful -hearts, a discontent in ambitious -minds. He is the poet of a great -revolt, a kicker at the traces, and then -again he is the singer of the bleeding -heart, of lost causes; he hurries you -across the seas upon his speeding -bark; he tops the crags of human -loneliness and leaves you desolate. His -songs are of the rollicking wine of -life with its excitements, its depressions, -its sentiments of hatred, beauty, -joy. For youth he is the poet of -liberty, of intense individualism; for -age the poet of thwarted desires, for -everyone he has a chestnut burr to -put beneath dull content; his mockery -is for stupidity, dryness, stagnation. -Get under the crust of his effusive -egotism and you will meet a sombre, -lonely, sensitive individual, who needs -you as a friend and who will be to you -a hypodermic stimulative.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>How different a one from this poet -is his contemporary, the essayist, -Charles Lamb. The essays we love the -best are those that reveal the point -of view, the little personalities of the -writer, and no man of letters ever had -a more magnetic personality, or knew -better how to preserve himself in little -literary gems, than did the author of -"The Essays of Elia." Lamb spent -his days in the South Sea Counting -House transferring figures from one -great ledger to another. But his -evenings with his books, his family and -his friends! Ah!—there was a -companion! A booklover whose -enthusiasm, for musty duodecimos has -become a classic allusion, a punster -whose puns are sometimes good and -sometimes bad, but always original, a -relisher of good conversation, a man -of many petty weaknesses, a lover of -good food, with a taste for old wine, -and with an infinite appreciation of -the fads and foibles of himself and -others, he seems to have been -altogether the most lovable individual -with whom it would be possible to -scrape up an acquaintance. Read but -one hundred pages of his essays and -he becomes your chuckling, appreciative, -inimitable companion. Every -old book shop, every roast pig, every -glass of rich wine, every threadbare -clerk stooping over his ledger—these -and many such will take on fresh and -romantic aspects for the friend of Elia.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Thomas Carlyle was an historian -and philosopher who wrote his name -over every page of his work. His was -the voice and the soul of the Old -Testament prophets, who railed at men -from the depths of their bitter yet -anxious hearts. The Preacher of the -Nineteenth Century, when he spoke -the world listened! Have you read -"Sartor Resartus"? Among his -works this is even the most personal. -It is rough and jagged in style, -turbulent and confused in arrangement, -but behind it all, or rather under it -all, is revealed the spiritual message -to his age. The message is Carlyle's -own personality: his bravery, his -sincerity, his fine hatred of muddle-headed -thinking, of credulity, of cant; -his love and admiration for the -fundamental greatnesses of human -nature, his belief in an omnipotent -God. He wished men to believe, and -the thunder he bellowed in his -endeavor still resounds. His soul was -a battery of twelve-inch guns directed -against the forces of ignorance and -hypocrisy. It is to the reading of -"Sartor Resartus" that many men -point as the turning stake in their -spiritual lives. It was not in the book -that they found their spiritual -bulwarks, but in the soul of the great -Scotchman with whom they came in -contact.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is our own Emerson, whose -admiration for Carlyle was probably -only outdone by Carlyle's admiration -for him! "Self Realization," "The -American Scholar," "Friendship," -"Politics"—how many of his essays -have become part and parcel of -America's loftiest thought and action. -The metallic acuteness of his -personality was not of the kind with which -you can become familiar, but its very -aloofness holds our respect and -devotion. The austerity of George -Washington in public life can only be -compared with the cold distance at which -this philosopher holds us, and yet -upon their pedestals we recognize -them as men from whom the best in -American character has derived -nourishment. In every sentence of his -every essay, we feel the soul at peace, -the intellect enthroned, the power of -will predominant.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A man without friends is a man -without life, and I have but told you -of some of my boon companions. -Never to have shared in the fellowship -of the great spirits who are -preserved for us in books is to cut one's -self off from the most rewarding of -human relationships. The chums of -our boyhood, our companions at -college, too often drift away to distant -parts, or diverge from us in pursuits -other than our own; although -remembrances of our times together are -sacred and of sweet recalling, too -often they are of the past and renewal -forever impossible. The friends of -our books, however, are forever with -us, they cannot die, they cannot -depart, they remain fresh and vigorous, -hearty sojourners upon our road, -forever willing to lend a hand over the -rocks and bumpy places. Without -disparaging those with whom I sit -before the fire, and chat, and smoke, I -must confess that I value equally with -them the friends of eternal character -that exist there in the book-case. They -lighten the path of life; they are ready -for converse when my spirit calls.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Go to the greatest books for your -most enduring friends, but upon -having formed their friendship do not -leave them in the study, but carry -them within your spirit to your -business and the marts of men, and in -holding their confidences burning in -your heart you will find yourself a -more thorough human being.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst" id="keeping-up-with-life"><span class="bold large">CHAPTER IX</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span class="bold medium">KEEPING UP WITH LIFE</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="small">Reading is the key which admits us to the whole -world of thought and fancy and imagination, to the -company of saint and sage, of the wisest and -wittiest at their wisest and wittiest moments. It -enables us to see with the keenest eyes, to hear with -the finest ears, and to listen to the sweetest voices of -all time.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span class="small">JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>If in the minds of some readers this -little book has helped to break down -the futile distinctions and to show the -real relation between the man who -reads and the one who enjoys life, -between the thinker and the man of -action, it has done all that the author -dared hope. Let us look upon our -library not as an end in itself, but as a -means to an end. It is a mistaken -ambition to read as many books as -possible within a year, or to attempt -religiously to read the complete works -of a number of authors. The man who -buries himself in his library and exists -only in the books therein is an -unsocial, stagnant creature; but the one -who reads as a means of attaining to -a more productive life among his -fellow men is the one who has gained the -true riches of literature.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The world is a world for workers, -not idlers. We live in America in the -twentieth century, and we are of but -little use to the general machinery if -our minds are forever sojourning with -the mediæval knights or gossiping in -the by-ways of London with Charles -Lamb and his contemporaries. -Literature for you and me who live, and -toil, and hope to obtain joy in the -doing of it, must be vivifying -nourishment to apply to our living and -toiling. Great books and all true -education provide this nourishment -or else they would not be worth the -price of a comic supplement.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Poetry, fiction, philosophy and -history are not alone for old maids and -retired business men who desire -comforting, amusing solace to while away -the hours until the race is run, nor -alone for college professors and -writers whose business it is to read, -abstract, and judge,—they are truly, -have been, and always will be for the -minds of men and women who need -and use the spirit of them in their -work, their play, their sorrows, and -their joys.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>When Francis Bacon wrote "Reading -maketh a full man," he did not -mean "full" to imply a great -accumulation of facts and dry-as-dust -learning. Bacon was a philosopher, -scientist, essayist, of the first order in each, -and yet a leading statesman in his -age. His mind was "full" in that he -had probably as had no other man in -England absorbed all the literature -and science of all the centuries that -had preceded him; his was the fulness -of the reservoir from which could be -drawn an endless stream of resource -with which to undertake new political -enterprises, of strength to maintain -his position and of philosophy in the -face of losing it. He was a literary -man in that he knew the literature of -the world, a man of letters—he wrote -masterpieces, a man of action—he -virtually ruled Great Britain. This -is the threefold thread of life that we -may all have as our ambition,—the -connoisseur, the creative artist, the -productive worker.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>After having considered the bearing -the reading of books has upon life, -let us consider the bearing that living -has upon reading and writing. Elbert -Hubbard carried out this thought in -his little book upon William Morris, -the English poet. Morris, as you may -know, was a weaver, a blacksmith, a -wood-carver, a painter, a dyer, a -printer, a furniture manufacturer, a -musician, and withal a great poet. -Hubbard said: "William Morris -thought literature should be the -product of the ripened mind." We have -looked at Bacon as one whose literary -output must have been the product of a -mind that had manfully grappled with -worldly affairs, and here is a further -list that the Roycrofter gives us: -"Shakespeare was a theatre manager, -Milton a secretary, Bobbie Burns a -farmer, Lamb a bookkeeper, -Wordsworth a Government employee, -Emerson a lecturer, Hawthorne a -custom-house inspector, and Whitman a -clerk."</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The professional man of letters, -except in rather rare instances, is by no -means the man who erects the most -enduring literary monuments. -Literature must come from elemental life -to have the true relationship to the -affairs of men. We could increase -Elbert Hubbard's list to an almost -indefinite length—the author of the -Gettysburg address had the weight of -a nation upon his shoulders, Thoreau -was more interested in observing the -changing seasons than he was in -writing books, Tolstoy was a soldier, an -economist and farmer, Balzac an -unsuccessful publisher, Bunyan a -preacher, Pepys a high government -official, Oliver Wendell Holmes a -doctor, and countless novelists and -poets of the nineteenth and twentieth -centuries hard-working, hard-driven -newspaper men.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Leisure does not make great -literature,—all that is effective must come -from interior or exterior experiences, -and acute observations. The most -effectual reading is that which is done -in the light of personal experience, -with one's eye upon unliterary -activity. There is an endless chain, of -which the links are the subject, the -artist, the reader and his life as -reflected by the author's treatment. To -live in a world of books and to have as -their profession the spinning of other -volumes is the life of too many of our -writers. On the other side of the -shield, we of course see readers whose -lives are entirely absorbed in the -volumes they read without an outlet -to the practical activities of existence. -How tiresome it is to have a -bustling man or woman tell us that they -have not the time or that they are not -literary enough to read great books. -They of course, being good Americans, -have plenty of time to go through -stacks of worthless novels, and absorb -a half dozen continuous serial stories -in our monthly magazines. I say it -is tiresome, and it is foolish, as with a -moment's thought we can realize that -books are essentially for the man or -woman who is most deeply immersed -in life.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Break down the barrier between -literature and life?—there is none! I -have a certain friend who has more to -do within the twenty-four hours of -the day than has anyone else I know. -Politics, municipal corporations, -railroads—these are apparently his -life—absorbed in men and affairs. And yet -if I run across a book that especially -appeals to me, I go to him and ask his -ideas upon it. He has probably read -it and with his greater experience in -the actual turmoil of living than I -have had, he can enlighten me with a -dozen new points of view upon the -book under consideration. He interprets -it in the light of his experience, -as the author had written in the light -of his.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It was said that during President -Wilson's first winter in the White -House, society in Washington was -much exercised as to how he passed -his evenings. It later developed that -those evenings in which he was not -absorbed in official business were -spent in reading poetry, preferably -Wordsworth, to his family. -Washington stood amazed! Perhaps there -is no truth in this story, but the -ingredients are certainly there, which, -if brought into conjunction, would -make a true yarn. The active -helmsman of the ship of state, with -innumerable matters weighing upon him, -seeking wisdom and spiritual fibre -from a great poet; Washington -society, without much to do, yet -frightfully busy, amazed at his wasting or -dreamily passing his hours of possible -recreation!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Many another great public man has -well appreciated that books are not -for the closet but for life. Theodore -Roosevelt is the apostle of strenuosity, -statesman, ranchman, hunter, and yet -a writer upon a wide range of -subjects and an omnivorous reader. The -plays of Shakespeare were the school -books and college education of our rail -splitter, Abraham Lincoln. A great -English liberal, Charles James Fox, -would charm the House of Commons -for hours with his oratory, go to -Brooks' and lose a fortune at cards, -and then home to his bed to read the -Plays of Euripides,—probably to -absorb wisdom and courage for his -thinking and gaming upon the -following evening. Of the men and women -to whom books mean life, we could -go on with our list indefinitely, not -only through the ranks of kings and -queens, soldiers and statesmen, -financiers and merchants, but sea captains, -mechanics, farmers, clerks, and coal -miners. In every walk of life we find -the true philosophers, the true adepts -in the art of living, seeking sustenance -from the printed page.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Go into a public library, and study -the faces of those who are reading -there—ambition, inspiration, delight -will be expressed by those who have -found </span><em class="italics">the open door</em><span>, the way to riches -and plenty. Observe the homes of -your acquaintances! Cicero said that -books are the soul of a room, and we -may expand this epigram in saying -that the use of books in a family -brings all the members into a -communion with each other, creating an -atmosphere far removed from that of -the home in which books are -infrequent sojourners.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Oh no, it is not the professed -gentleman of literature with the pedantic -knowledge and bookish phraseology, -but the men and women who seek -explanation of and relief from -sorrow, stimulus to higher attainment, -pleasure that mellows activity, to -whom the authors are truly the path -of life. Those whom you see on the -elevated trains reading Shakespeare, -the ranchman with his pocket edition -of Dickens, the country doctor who -hates to buy an automobile as when -driving his old buggy he could read -his Boswell upon his round of visits,—they -are the ones to whom the poet can -truly say,</span></p> -<blockquote> -<div> -<div class="line-block outermost"> -<div class="line"><span>You will hardly know who I am, or what I mean;</span></div> -<div class="line"><span>But I will be health to you nevertheless,</span></div> -<div class="inner line-block"> -<div class="line"><span>And filter and fibre your blood.</span></div> -<div class="line"> </div> -</div> -</div> -</div> -</blockquote> -<p class="pfirst"><span>You need never be afraid of becoming -intellectual. To be sure it is -somewhat the fashion in America to think -that a man who reads Meredith -should be a college professor or the -editor of a book review—but this is -only a fashion and held to by the most -stupid. It is smart to laugh at good -books and "culture," but it is the same -sort of smartness at which all Europe -has been sensibly sneering for a -century. Reading should not be a -profession; those that make it such -invariably become world weary, book -weary, at sea in an ocean in which life -is necessarily a more vital thing than -they are able to swallow. Do not give -your life over to your library, but -make of it an electric battery with -which to vivify life. It can be done, -and is done by the great and the little, -the sorrowful and the joyful, the leading -warriors in the battle for civilized -progress.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Call upon the supreme minds of -past ages to support you in the strife -of this and they will prove stalwart, -faithful legions. Read as is your need -and inclination; not as a duty, not as -a feat, but as an acknowledgment that -you are glad to win the best and most -helpful of friends. Aristotle said -that all men desire knowledge. If -knowledge means deeper human -sympathy, a more profound enlightenment, -a richer, happier, more productive -life, let each one of us admit that -the attainment of knowledge is in -truth our endeavor. Let us try the -experiment of finding this knowledge -in the volumes of the deepest, the most -intensive livers.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Make the book you read to-day play -a part in the world of to-morrow, and -you will rise above the reader in the -closet who carps and criticizes, thus -cutting himself off from the work of -men. You will disprove all statements -about the lack of practicability of -education, the other-worldiness of books.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 1em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span>* * * * *</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 1em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>There was a boy who wandered out -along an unknown highway into a far -country. The way seemed sombre, -foreign and meaningless. His -questions were unanswered, his desires -unsatisfied; there seemed no by-paths -into which he could turn in the hope -of finding a solace or a reason for his -journey.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A never-ending vista without rhyme -or reason lay before him of flat, -uninteresting solitudes, only broken by -dark pits or rugged obstructions -which he had either to circle about or -climb over or under. They always -annoyed and provoked him, as there -seemed no set plan for meeting such -difficulties, no apparent purpose in -wandering on. He knew, however, -that there was no turning back, he had -to stagger, and stumble, and plod -forward, ever forward.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>It was the way of life, and it was -a meaningless road, a disappointing -journey undertaken with great -expectations.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>After a deal of suffering, -impatience and profound discouragement, -he came upon a great Palace standing -in his way. It was the first that he had -ever seen, and he wondered at it.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>With hesitancy he determined to -walk about it and to follow the beaten -road, uninteresting but familiar, -which he felt must stretch beyond. -He spied, however, a small door at the -side of the great barred gate and he -determined to enter and to see what -could be found within. The panel -yielded to his timorous push, and he -found himself in a mighty hall where -there were wondrous things!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Many another wanderer had -already arrived, and many others -were to follow,—there was a happiness, -a purpose, a vitality in life that -had been sadly lacking upon the road -of his journeying. Wisdom, riches, -the answers to his questions, the -reasons for his arduous pilgrimage -lay before him. He grasped them and -was content.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span>* * * * * * * *</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 4em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="bold large">J. B. LIPPINCOTT COMPANY'S -<br />IMPORTANT NEW BOOKS</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Betty at Fort Blizzard</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By MOLLY ELLIOT SEAWELL. Four illustrations in color -and decorations by Edmund Frederick. $1.50 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This is a straightaway army love story, with the scene -laid at a post in the far Northwest. It is a sequel to the -famous "Betty's Virginia Christmas" so popular a few -years ago. It is realistic and yet as light as Betty's -laugh,—presented in a delightfully dainty gift book style, it -makes a charming Christmas present.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Behold the Woman!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By T. EVERETT HARRÉ. $1.35 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A child of the Alexandrian gutter, a redeemed woman -seeing a vision of Christ upon the Judean hills, and finally -a mystic saint upon the desert, was Mary of Egypt, the -heroine of this historical novel. "From beginning to the -end I found 'Behold the Woman!' gripping and thrillingly -interesting."—</span><em class="italics">Mrs. Minnie Maddern Fiske</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Finding of Jasper Holt</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GRACE L. H. LUTZ. Three illustrations in color by -E. F. Bayha. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Another great Lutz novel,—wholesome, uplifting, -interesting and amusing. "This tale ... is one of the -kind one reads with interest refusing to be quenched -when the hall light goes out."—</span><em class="italics">Detroit Free Press</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Adam's Garden</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By NINA WILCOX PUTNAM. Frontispiece in color by -H. Weston Taylor. New Second Edition. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The </span><em class="italics">New York Sun</em><span> aptly termed this "An Idyl of -Manhattan." "It is full of warmth and sunlight, and its -inner urge is that come what may—the world is a good -place to live in if we only make the best of that which -lies nearest to hand."—</span><em class="italics">Review of Reviews</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">A Man's Reach</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By SALLY NELSON ROBINS. Three illustrations in color -by Edmund Frederick. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A Virginia story by a Virginian. Randolph Turberville -is the scion of an aristocratic Virginia house; his struggle -against evil forces begins at the University of Virginia. -Fascinating, he is adored by all, especially by Lettice -Corbin, for whom he saves himself.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Curved Blades</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By CAROLYN WELLS. Frontispiece by Gayle Hoskins. $1.35 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"As bizarre a mystery as any which she has hitherto -provided ... The stage is there set for a thrilling -and puzzling story ... One worthy of the talents -of Stone."—</span><em class="italics">The Boston Transcript</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Conquest</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By SIDNEY L. NYBURG. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"Originality and dramatic strength are marked on -many pages of this production of a promising -writer."—</span><em class="italics">Springfield Republican</em><span>. "Sidney L. Nyburg is a man who -writes a man's book."—</span><em class="italics">San Francisco Call and Post</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Strange Cases of Mason Brant</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By NEVIL MONROE HOPKINS. Illustrated in color by -Gayle Hoskins. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"The stories are very entertaining and are more human -than the usual detective stories."—</span><em class="italics">New York Sun</em><span>. "Out -of the beaten track of detective stories."—</span><em class="italics">Philadelphia -North American</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Ten Beautiful Years</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By MARY KNIGHT POTTER. Net, $1.25.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Those who desire knowledge of the most brilliant work -in American fiction should read this series of short stories -on psychological subjects. They are clean but intensely -emotional; most of them appeared in the </span><em class="italics">Atlantic Monthly</em><span>, -</span><em class="italics">Harper's</em><span>, etc.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Early American Arts and Crafts</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By HAROLD DONALDSON EBERLEIN and ABBOT -McCLURE. Profusely illustrated. Colored frontispiece. In a -box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There is an eminently proper revival of interest in the -arts and crafts of early American workmanship. In glass, -wood, metal and textile stuffs our forefathers obtained -results of a delightful nature. Amateur collectors still -have a rich field of investigation, owing to the present -opportunity for obtaining desirable specimens. This book -is a thorough and practical guide for the collector and -general reader.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Architecture</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By C. MATLACK PRICE. Profusely illustrated. In a box. -$6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Not only a book for the man or woman who wishes to -build a home (and for whom it is more helpful than any -work previously published), but a book which tells the -general reader what he needs to know about -architecture—about the buildings he sees in America or Europe, -public as well as private. A valued addition to the Home -Life Enrichment Series.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Period Furniture</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By HAROLD DONALDSON EBERLEIN and ABBOT -McCLURE. 225 illustrations in color, doubletone and line. -In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This book places at the disposal of the general reader -all the information he may need in order to identify and -classify any piece of period furniture, whether it be an -original or a reproduction. The authors have greatly -increased the value of the work by including an illustrative -chronological key.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Oriental Rugs</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By G. GRIFFIN LEWIS. New Edition, revised and enlarged. -Twenty full page illustrations in color, 93 illustrations in -double-tone, and 70 designs in line. In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>"From cover to cover it is packed with detailed -information compactly and conveniently arranged for ready -reference. Many people who are interested in the beautiful -fabrics of which the author treats have long wished -for such a book as this and will be grateful to G. Griffin -Lewis for writing it."—</span><em class="italics">The Dial</em><span>.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Garden Architecture</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By PHEBE WESTCOTT HUMPHREYS. Frontispiece in -color and 125 illustrations. In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This beautiful volume has been prepared from the -standpoints of eminent practicability, the best taste, and -general usefulness for the owner developing his own -property,—large or small,—for the owner employing a -professional garden architect, for the artist, amateur, student, -and garden lover.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Practical Book of Outdoor Rose Growing</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE C. THOMAS, JR. New Edition, revised and -enlarged. 96 perfect photographic reproductions in full color. -Slip case. $4.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>There are a number of pages in which the complete -list of the best roses for our climate with their -characteristics are presented. One prominent rose grower said -that these pages were worth their weight in gold to him. -The official bulletin of the Garden Club of America said:—"It -is a book one must have." It is in fact in every sense -practical, stimulating, and suggestive.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Parks: Their Design, Equipment and Use</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE BURNAP. Official Landscape Architect, Public -Buildings and Grounds, Washington, D.C. Profusely -illustrated. Frontispiece in color. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This, the only exhaustive book on the subject and by -the foremost authority on the subject, is an amazing -addition to the literature of civic planning. It is a -thorough résumé of the finest European and American examples -of Park work. To the owner of a country estate and to -all who are interested in park and playground establishment -and up-keep, it will be a stimulating and trustworthy -guide.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Book of the Peony</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By MRS. EDWARD HARDING. Twenty full page color -illustrations, 25 in black and white. $5.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The glory of the illustrative work and the authoritative -treatment by the author mark this book as one which -will stand alone amidst the literature upon this popular -flower. It is a thorough and complete guide to the culture -of the peony and proves a fitting companion volume to -the famous "Practical Book of Outdoor Rose Growing."</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Civilization of Babylonia and Assyria</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By MORRIS JASTROW, JR., PH.D., LL.D. 140 illustrations. -In a box. $7.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This work covers the whole civilization of Babylonia -and Assyria and by its treatment of the various aspects -of that civilization furnishes a comprehensive and -complete survey of the subject. The language, history, -religion, commerce, law, art and literature are thoroughly -presented in a manner of deep interest to the general -reader and indispensable to the historian, clergyman, -anthropologist, and sociologist.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Winter Journeys in the South</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By JOHN MARTIN HAMMOND. Profusely illustrated. $3.50 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The kingdoms of wonder for the golfer, the automobilist -and almost every other type of pleasure-seeker are -revealed in this book. Mr. Hammond is an enthusiastic -traveller and a skilful photographer. He believes in the -pleasures that may be found in America. He has wandered -about the South from White Sulphur to Palm Beach; -Aiken, Asheville, Charleston, New Orleans, and many -other places of fascinating interest have been stopping -points upon his journeyings.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">English Ancestral Homes of Noted Americans</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By ANNE HOLLINGSWORTH WHARTON. Twenty-eight -illustrations. $2.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Miss Wharton so enlivens the past that she makes the -distinguished characters of whom she treats live and talk -with us. She has recently visited the homelands of a -number of our great American leaders and we seem to -see upon their native heath the English ancestors of -George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, William Penn, -the Pilgrim Fathers and Mothers, the Maryland and -Virginia Cavaliers and others who have done their part -in the making of the United States.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Quaint and Historic Forts of North America</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By JOHN MARTIN HAMMOND. Photogravure frontispiece -and sixty-five illustrations. In a box. $5.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Mr. Hammond, in his excellent literary style, with the -aid of a splendid camera, brings us on a journey through -the existing old forts of North America and there describes -their appearances and confides to us their romantic and -historic interest. We follow the trail of the early English, -French and Spanish adventurers, and the soldiers of the -Revolution, the War of 1812, and the later Civil and -Indian Wars.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Joseph Pennell's Pictures of the Wonder of Work</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Profusely illustrated. $2.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Mr. Pennell is notably a modern, and has found art in -one of the greatest phases of modern achievement—the -Wonder of Work—the building of giant ships, railway -stations, and the modern skyscraper; giant manufacturing, -marble-quarrying; oil-wells and wharves—all the -great work which man sets his hand to do. The crisp -and wonderful and inspiring touches of introduction to -each picture are as illuminating as the pictures themselves.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Nights: Rome, Venice, in the -Aesthetic Eighties; Paris, London, in the -Fighting Nineties.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By ELIZABETH ROBINS PENNELL. Sixteen illustrations -from photographs and etchings. $3.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The pleasure of association with equally famous literary -and artistic friends has been the good fortune of the -Pennells. The illustrations, photographs, and some -etchings by Joseph Pennell are unusual.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Our Philadelphia</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By ELIZABETH ROBINS PENNELL. Illustrated by Joseph -Pennell, with 105 reproductions of lithographs. In a box. -$7.50 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Joseph Pennell's Pictures of the Panama Canal</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Twenty-eight reproductions of lithographs made on the Isthmus -of Panama, with Mr. Pennell's Introduction giving his -experiences and impressions. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Joseph Pennell's Pictures in the Land of Temples</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Forty plates in photogravure from lithographs. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Life of James McNeill Whistler</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By ELIZABETH ROBINS and JOSEPH PENNELL. Thoroughly -revised Fifth Edition of the authorized Life. Ninety-seven -plates reproduced from Whistler's works. Whistler -binding. $4.00 net. Three-quarter grain levant. $8.50 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Rings</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ, PH.D. Profusely illustrated -in color and doubletone. In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The origin, purposes and methods of wearing, the forms -and materials, the historic interest and talismanic powers -of rings as they have played a part in the life and associations -of man. It is an authoritative volume, magnificently -illustrated.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Shakespeare and Precious Stones</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ, PH.D. Four illustrations. -$1.25 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Treating of all the known references to precious stones -in Shakespeare's works, with comments as to the origin -of his material, the knowledge of the poet concerning -precious stones, and references as to where precious -stones of his time came from.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Curious Lore of Precious Stones</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ, PH.D. Profusely illustrated -in color, doubletone and line. In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Being a description of their sentiments and folk lore, -superstitions, symbolism, mysticism, use in protection, -prevention, religion and divination, crystal gazing, birth -stones, lucky stones and talismans, astral, zodiacal and -planetary.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Magic of Jewels and Charms</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GEORGE FREDERICK KUNZ, PH.D. Profusely illustrated -in color, doubletone and line. In a box. $6.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Magic jewels and electric gems; meteorites or celestial -stones; stones of healing; fabulous stones; concretions -and fossils; snake stones and bezoars; charms of ancient -and modern times, etc.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Open that Door!</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By R. STURGIS INGERSOLL. $1.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>A stimulating volume with a "kick" upon the relation -of books to life; the part great books play in our goings -and comings, in the office, in the street, and in the market -place. The relation of poetry to the suburbanite, etc. -A book for the man who never reads and for the one who -does.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">From Nature Forward</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By HARRIET DOAN PRENTISS. Limp leather binding. -$2.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>The public mind is unsettled; the individual lives a -day-to-day existence, wrestling with disease, mental -troubles and unsatisfactory issues. This book outlines a -system of psychological reforms that can be followed by -every man and woman, as the author says, to "buoyant -physical health, release of mental tension, and enlarged -and happy outlook on life."</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Peg Along</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By DR. GEORGE L. WALTON. $1.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>Dr. Walton's slogan, "Why Worry," swept the country. -His little book of that title did an infinite amount of -good. "Peg Along" is the present slogan. Hundreds of -thousands of fussers, fretters, semi- and would-be invalids, -and all other halters by the wayside should be reached -by Dr. Walton's stirring encouragement to "peg along."</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">A Short History of the Navy</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By Captain GEORGE R. CLARK, U.S.N., Professor -W. O. STEVENS, Ph.D., Instructor CARROL S. ALDEN, Ph.D., -Instructor HERMAN F. KRAFFT, LL.B., of the United States -Naval Academy. New Edition. Illustrated. $3.00 net.</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>This standard volume is used as a text at the United -States Naval Academy. This edition brings the material -to date and is an especially timely book.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span>* * * * *</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="bold large">LIPPINCOTT'S TRAINING SERIES</span></p> -<p class="center pnext"><span>For Those Who Wish To Find Themselves</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 1em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span>A series of handbooks by authorities for young -men and women engaged or anticipating becoming -engaged in any one of the various professions. -The aim is to present the best methods of -education and training, channels of advancement, etc.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Training for the Newspaper Trade</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By DON C. SEITZ, Business Manager of the New York World. -Illustrated. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Training for the Street Railway Business</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By C. B. FAIRCHILD, JR., Executive Assistant of the -Philadelphia Rapid Transit Co. Illustrated. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Training for the Stage</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By ARTHUR HORNBLOW, Editor of The Theatre Magazine. -Preface by DAVID BELASCO. Illustrated. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Training of a Forester</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By GIFFORD PINCHOT, New Edition, illustrated. $1.25 net.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 3em"> -</div> -<p class="center pfirst"><span class="bold">IN PREPARATION</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Training and Rewards of a Doctor</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By DR. RICHARD C. CABOT.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">The Training and Rewards of a Lawyer</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By HARLAN STONE, Dean of the Columbia Law School.</span></p> -<div class="vspace" style="height: 2em"> -</div> -<p class="pfirst"><span class="bold">Fundamentals of Military Service</span></p> -<p class="pnext"><span>By CAPTAIN LINCOLN C. ANDREWS, U.S. Cavalry. 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