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+*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 50322 ***
+
+Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847
+
+
+The Pioneer Spirit
+
+  The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things
+  And Broke the virgin sod,
+  That conquered savages and kings,
+  And only bowed to God.
+  The Strength of mind and strength of soul--
+  The will to do or die,
+  That sets its heart upon a goal,
+  And made it far or high--
+
+  --Clarence Hawkes
+
+
+Orville Southerland Cox
+
+Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, partly
+from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the "Daughters of
+the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913.
+
+Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was
+one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His
+father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then "bound
+out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a deacon
+Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar of the
+church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until twenty
+one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three months
+of school each winter, and teach him the trade of blacksmithing.
+No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of jeans pants was
+all the clothing he received during the first three years of his
+apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The women folks
+ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of milk, of which
+he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big a hole in the
+cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving plenty of
+abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept blowing
+the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the deacon
+sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used the
+tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his
+master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a
+pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and
+saved.
+
+Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,
+trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon.
+These things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and
+associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once
+in a while found a little time to use them.
+
+Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and
+sledge--was broken in other ways;--for example--at one time oxen were
+brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called
+"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.
+Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles
+in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After a
+while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending a
+single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came to
+the shop.
+
+One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was
+then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while
+attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as
+well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little.
+
+He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he
+had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion
+that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so
+during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered
+together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered
+his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being
+the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way
+toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which
+was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means
+of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log canoe,
+"dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to confiscate
+it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and was soon
+floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the Tioga and
+the Susquehannah.
+
+Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping
+to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling
+with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that he
+at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately paddeling,
+steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping near the
+shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the best of him.
+The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a passenger?" from
+a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and row." "Barkis is
+willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log canoe.
+
+Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they
+saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,
+a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his
+passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,
+signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough to
+leap from the dug-out to her deck.
+
+A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His
+passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let
+her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his
+bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for
+food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good
+shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had
+no money.
+
+On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first
+time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river
+packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative
+employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's
+forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and
+Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this himself.
+
+Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,
+Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his
+older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at
+that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and
+hard work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for
+lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked
+wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of
+New York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.
+Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was
+at that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued
+their westward course; some of them reached California during the gold
+stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company
+for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern
+called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and
+left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's mother
+Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive the gospel
+in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the outlawry of
+those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted with some
+(Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned against.
+He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson County
+Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying day
+that he should one day return to that favored spot.
+
+Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He said
+he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the Saints
+were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with a group
+of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement.
+
+Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,
+lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a
+genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and
+heavy proportionately.
+
+While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who
+was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about
+marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they
+were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement
+by Elder Lyman Wight.
+
+The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles
+away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He
+went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time
+it takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of
+love and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo
+Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned more
+sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute in the
+migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the Morley
+settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo, he with
+his wife and two children--the oldest child had died when an infant
+as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from exposure
+resulting from mobbers' violence.
+
+He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to
+appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the
+Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter
+he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like
+Joseph and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after
+that manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful
+leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young
+at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He
+assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into
+cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle
+of Nauvoo.
+
+Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa
+and settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,
+President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow,
+he was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their
+leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer
+and Adelia.
+
+An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the
+story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and
+two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams and
+wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings had a
+shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in disposing
+of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they were almost
+home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or all in one,
+struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly around them.
+They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no manner of
+shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came from every
+direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they were very
+close to their homes; but they also knew that they were hopelessly lost
+in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow. They and their
+oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in making a fire
+and camping where they were. Everything was wet and under the snow,
+and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed violence was raging
+around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that they might find some
+sort of shelter for themselves. Then with frost-bitten fingers they
+sought in the darkness and storm for dry fuel. The best they found was
+damp and poor enough--and now for a match. Only three in the crowd, and
+no such matches as we have in these days either. Inside a large wooden
+bucket in which they fed grain, they carefully laid their kindling.
+Then turning another bucket over it to keep out of the falling snow,
+and hugging close over to keep the wind off, they lifted the top
+bucket a little and one of the Whiting boys struck a precious match.
+It flickered, blazed a moment against the kindling and was puffed out
+by a draft of wind. Another match was taken, and it died almost before
+it flared. Only one match remained to save three men from certain
+death. Their fingers were so numb they could not feel, and every minute
+increased their numbness. "Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we",
+they said. So Orville, keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny
+splinter of wood and struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the
+fire lived and grew.
+
+Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a
+roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although
+their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and
+their noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light
+appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home fences.
+
+For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting
+boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy
+manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and
+said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good
+and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the
+long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without
+brakes--brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey--two
+yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a
+wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit
+that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song
+"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy plains."
+He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the Artillery
+Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the seemingly endless
+level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing. When Independence
+Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was sighted, it was
+wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that unsettled
+country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky Mountains,
+especially the children longed for that goal.
+
+One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted
+about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh
+beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched
+their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's
+luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best
+cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What
+they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and
+their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they
+were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in
+the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This
+they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in
+danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and
+they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought them
+together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was given.
+They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six miles or
+perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the clear air of
+the up-lands and could see much farther than they had been able to see
+in the Mississippi valley.
+
+The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat.
+
+After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water
+River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion
+scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder Freemont.
+
+(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little
+band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their
+enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney
+arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He was
+very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.)
+
+With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos
+Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely country;
+and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet relatives
+so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties.
+
+Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the
+first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were freely
+mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone to
+New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so he
+decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and Kearney
+gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner to Fort
+Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and then went
+to his weary waiting family in Iowa.
+
+The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near
+Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake
+Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to
+the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to
+impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told
+Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and
+it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their destination.
+
+From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked
+ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people
+raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.
+Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt
+Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's
+company of one hundred wagons.
+
+Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the
+canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he
+brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",
+which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole
+to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on
+Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another
+son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847.
+
+Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with
+his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now
+Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the
+famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as
+well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and then
+came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he dug the
+first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be drowned
+by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was called to
+go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of Sanpitch.
+
+He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey
+from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking
+new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families
+worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three miles.
+One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole week.
+The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo, consisting
+of a little fort of green cottonwood logs.
+
+After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to
+their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was
+far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the
+hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years. Arriving
+at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company on the
+south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they must do
+their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on the saw
+pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills.
+
+Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and
+making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter
+long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the
+meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow was
+gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin their
+farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual labor
+of clearing, plowing, and planting.
+
+Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,
+and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite
+commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox
+taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school
+of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.
+In 1850 he was elected Alderman.
+
+O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the
+first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He
+was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially through
+the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza Losee about
+1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion veteran.
+
+To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all
+that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest
+convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored
+faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and
+Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete
+County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it
+was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he moved
+part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a crop.
+He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He engineered over
+forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his children can remember
+in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of pioneer work.
+
+In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch
+of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist in
+surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very rich,
+but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost impossible to
+build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing away the soil.
+So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought that was the
+route the saints would travel going back to Jackson County, so he was
+that much nearer the final home. He labored here for six years, and
+engineered a number of dams that would hold against the floods and
+treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows and a few
+other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building material. He
+also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there. In clearing
+the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest digging they
+encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3 towns in the
+valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he took with him
+his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two year old girl;
+and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife, Elvira. The following
+year, after crops were in and the spring work done, he returned to
+Fairview after another section of his family--Mary, the second wife,
+and her five children. From that time on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of
+tragedy and hardship. The life in the burning desert is always more or
+less unpleasant, and pioneering is excessively hard. And he was past
+fifty years old.
+
+During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail
+to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and
+she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,
+but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and
+homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little
+pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild
+with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors
+concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get
+him to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so
+the disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him.
+It is said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see
+the brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their
+loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt.
+
+Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was
+moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of
+thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of the
+bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she grieved
+many years.
+
+Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They
+had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into
+bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and Nevada,
+which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back taxes;
+and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were worth. So
+Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came.
+
+Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and
+Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their
+beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat
+and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they had
+subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of toil
+and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great leader;
+and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice belongings,
+and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their settlement and farms
+to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded.
+
+One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam
+in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in
+Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of
+irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and repaired
+the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter from the
+February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel.
+
+When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would
+stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary
+pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley
+into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more
+ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried
+across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the
+canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into
+the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge
+trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure
+a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"
+was still doing successful service as a flume.
+
+In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,
+this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the
+united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little
+property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve
+years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town
+grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well
+represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was there,
+in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that ward
+than any ward in the church.
+
+Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.
+There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people
+came out with more property with others, according to the amount they
+consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each
+received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,
+Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father
+well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than
+advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox came
+to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One year he
+remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted body
+down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives Elvira
+and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last.
+
+The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in
+founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,
+Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton
+of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah.
+
+If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found
+in the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced
+the cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he
+considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur
+from him.
+
+To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the
+story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas
+Brady.
+
+"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City
+Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every
+day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to
+be finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted.
+The men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and
+shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut
+through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched by
+plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the gravel
+loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us weeks
+to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and sweating,
+and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a tap; just
+looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and walked off.
+Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you ever saw
+I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear; we was
+Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one of the
+men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller." His
+going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us. But
+of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day, and
+dragged back the next morning."
+
+"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember
+whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a boy,
+but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling ox.
+And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new kind
+of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet long,
+and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if my arm
+and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole through
+the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and cross ways
+along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout oak sticks
+through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had eight man got
+ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he loaded a bunch of
+men along on that log, and then he spoke to his oxen."
+
+"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us fellers
+laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch line four
+or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All that the
+rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he done more in
+half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six weeks."
+
+"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so
+discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a might
+of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been, plans
+like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No, siree! His
+way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin' they see
+believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin."
+
+  The Pioneer Mother
+
+  Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode
+  Across the trackless prairie to the west,
+  Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,
+  A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,
+  Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never--
+  What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!--
+  Her bravery incentive to endeavor;
+  Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears.
+
+  O to her valor and her comeliness
+  A commonwealth today owes its white domes
+  Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes--
+  Its cities wrested from the wilderness.
+  Its bones in memory above the hand
+  That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land.
+
+  --Ethol Romig Fuller
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note
+
+The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this
+electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at
+https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw. The poem "The
+Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved
+to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader
+devices.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of
+1847, by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
+
+*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 50322 ***
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, by

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-Title: Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847

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-Author: Adelia B. Cox Sidwell

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-

-<h1>Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847</h1>

-<br><p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit</p>

-<p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things

-<br> And Broke the virgin sod,

-<br> That conquered savages and kings,

-<br> And only bowed to God.

-<br> The Strength of mind and strength of soul&mdash;

-<br> The will to do or die,

-<br> That sets its heart upon a goal,

-<br> And made it far or high&mdash;</p>

-<p class="centered">&mdash;Clarence Hawkes</p>

-<h3>Orville Southerland Cox</h3>

-<p>Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847,

-partly from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the

-"Daughters of the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913. </p>

-<p>Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was

-one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His

-father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then

-"bound out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a

-deacon Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar

-of the church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until

-twenty one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three

-months of school each winter, and teach him the trade of

-blacksmithing. No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of

-jeans pants was all the clothing he received during the first three

-years of his apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The

-women folks ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of

-milk, of which he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big

-a hole in the cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving

-plenty of abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept

-blowing the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the

-deacon sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used

-the tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his

-master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a

-pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and

-saved. </p>

-<p>Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,

-trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon. These

-things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and

-associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once

-in a while found a little time to use them. </p>

-<p>Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and

-sledge&mdash;was broken in other ways;&mdash;for example&mdash;at one time oxen were

-brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called

-"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.

-Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles

-in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After

-a while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending

-a single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came

-to the shop. </p>

-<p>One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was

-then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while

-attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as

-well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little. </p>

-<p>He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he

-had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion

-that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so

-during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered

-together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered

-his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being

-the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way

-toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which

-was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means

-of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log

-canoe, "dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to

-confiscate it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and

-was soon floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the

-Tioga and the Susquehannah. </p>

-<p>Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping

-to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling

-with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that

-he at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately

-paddeling, steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping

-near the shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the

-best of him. The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a

-passenger?" from a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and

-row." "Barkis is willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log

-canoe. </p>

-<p>Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they

-saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,

-a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his

-passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,

-signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough

-to leap from the dug-out to her deck. </p>

-<p>A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His

-passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let

-her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his

-bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for

-food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good

-shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had

-no money. </p>

-<p>On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first

-time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river

-packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative

-employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's

-forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and

-Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this

-himself. </p>

-<p>Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,

-Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his

-older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at

-that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and hard

-work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for

-lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked

-wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of New

-York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.

-Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was at

-that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued their

-westward course; some of them reached California during the gold

-stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company

-for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern

-called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and

-left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's

-mother Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive

-the gospel in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the

-outlawry of those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted

-with some (Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned

-against. He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson

-County Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying

-day that he should one day return to that favored spot. </p>

-<p>Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He

-said he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the

-Saints were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with

-a group of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement. </p>

-<p>Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,

-lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a

-genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and

-heavy proportionately. </p>

-<p>While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who

-was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about

-marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they

-were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement

-by Elder Lyman Wight. </p>

-<p>The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles

-away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He

-went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time it

-takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of love

-and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo

-Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned

-more sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute

-in the migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the

-Morley settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo,

-he with his wife and two children&mdash;the oldest child had died when an

-infant as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from

-exposure resulting from mobbers' violence. </p>

-<p>He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to

-appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the

-Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter

-he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like Joseph

-and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after that

-manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful

-leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young

-at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He

-assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into

-cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle

-of Nauvoo. </p>

-<p>Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa and

-settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,

-President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow, he

-was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their

-leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer

-and Adelia. </p>

-<p>An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the

-story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and

-two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams

-and wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings

-had a shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in

-disposing of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they

-were almost home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or

-all in one, struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly

-around them. They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no

-manner of shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came

-from every direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they

-were very close to their homes; but they also knew that they were

-hopelessly lost in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow.

-They and their oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in

-making a fire and camping where they were. Everything was wet and

-under the snow, and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed

-violence was raging around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that

-they might find some sort of shelter for themselves. Then with

-frost-bitten fingers they sought in the darkness and storm for dry

-fuel. The best they found was damp and poor enough&mdash;and now for a

-match. Only three in the crowd, and no such matches as we have in

-these days either. Inside a large wooden bucket in which they fed

-grain, they carefully laid their kindling. Then turning another bucket

-over it to keep out of the falling snow, and hugging close over to

-keep the wind off, they lifted the top bucket a little and one of the

-Whiting boys struck a precious match. It flickered, blazed a moment

-against the kindling and was puffed out by a draft of wind. Another

-match was taken, and it died almost before it flared. Only one match

-remained to save three men from certain death. Their fingers were so

-numb they could not feel, and every minute increased their numbness.

-"Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we", they said. So Orville,

-keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny splinter of wood and

-struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the fire lived and grew. </p>

-<p>Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a

-roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although

-their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and their

-noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light

-appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home

-fences. </p>

-<p>For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting

-boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy

-manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and

-said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good

-and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the

-long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without

-brakes&mdash;brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey&mdash;two

-yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a

-wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit

-that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song

-"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy

-plains." He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the

-Artillery Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the

-seemingly endless level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing.

-When Independence Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was

-sighted, it was wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that

-unsettled country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky

-Mountains, especially the children longed for that goal. </p>

-<p>One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted

-about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh

-beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched

-their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's

-luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best

-cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What

-they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and

-their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they

-were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in

-the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This

-they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in

-danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and

-they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought

-them together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was

-given. They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six

-miles or perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the

-clear air of the up-lands and could see much farther than they had

-been able to see in the Mississippi valley. </p>

-<p>The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat. </p>

-<p>After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water

-River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion

-scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder

-Freemont. </p>

-<p>(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little

-band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their

-enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney

-arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He

-was very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.) </p>

-<p>With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos

-Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely

-country; and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet

-relatives so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties. </p>

-<p>Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the

-first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were

-freely mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone

-to New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so

-he decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and

-Kearney gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner

-to Fort Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and

-then went to his weary waiting family in Iowa. </p>

-<p>The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near

-Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake

-Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to

-the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to

-impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told

-Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and

-it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their

-destination. </p>

-<p>From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked

-ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people

-raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.

-Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt

-Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's

-company of one hundred wagons. </p>

-<p>Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the

-canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he

-brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",

-which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole

-to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on

-Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another

-son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847. </p>

-<p>Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with

-his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now

-Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the

-famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as

-well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and

-then came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he

-dug the first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be

-drowned by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was

-called to go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of

-Sanpitch. </p>

-<p>He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey

-from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking

-new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families

-worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three

-miles. One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole

-week. The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo,

-consisting of a little fort of green cottonwood logs. </p>

-<p>After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to

-their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was

-far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the

-hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years.

-Arriving at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company

-on the south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they

-must do their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on

-the saw pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills. </p>

-<p>Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and

-making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter

-long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the

-meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow

-was gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin

-their farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual

-labor of clearing, plowing, and planting. </p>

-<p>Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,

-and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite

-commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox

-taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school

-of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.

-In 1850 he was elected Alderman. </p>

-<p>O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the

-first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He

-was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially

-through the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza

-Losee about 1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion

-veteran. </p>

-<p>To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all

-that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest

-convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored

-faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and

-Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete

-County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it

-was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he

-moved part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a

-crop. He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He

-engineered over forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his

-children can remember in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of

-pioneer work. </p>

-<p>In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch

-of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist

-in surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very

-rich, but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost

-impossible to build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing

-away the soil. So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought

-that was the route the saints would travel going back to Jackson

-County, so he was that much nearer the final home. He labored here for

-six years, and engineered a number of dams that would hold against the

-floods and treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows

-and a few other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building

-material. He also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there.

-In clearing the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest

-digging they encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3

-towns in the valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he

-took with him his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two

-year old girl; and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife,

-Elvira. The following year, after crops were in and the spring work

-done, he returned to Fairview after another section of his

-family&mdash;Mary, the second wife, and her five children. From that time

-on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of tragedy and hardship. The life in

-the burning desert is always more or less unpleasant, and pioneering

-is excessively hard. And he was past fifty years old. </p>

-<p>During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail

-to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and

-she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,

-but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and

-homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little

-pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild

-with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors

-concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get him

-to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so the

-disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him. It is

-said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see the

-brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their

-loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt. </p>

-<p>Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was

-moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of

-thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of

-the bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she

-grieved many years. </p>

-<p>Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They

-had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into

-bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and

-Nevada, which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back

-taxes; and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were

-worth. So Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came. </p>

-<p>Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and

-Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their

-beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat

-and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they

-had subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of

-toil and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great

-leader; and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice

-belongings, and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their

-settlement and farms to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded. </p>

-<p>One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam

-in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in

-Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of

-irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and

-repaired the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter

-from the February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel. </p>

-<p>When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would

-stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary

-pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley

-into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more

-ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried

-across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the

-canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into

-the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge

-trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure

-a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"

-was still doing successful service as a flume. </p>

-<p>In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,

-this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the

-united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little

-property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve

-years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town

-grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well

-represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was

-there, in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that

-ward than any ward in the church. </p>

-<p>Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.

-There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people

-came out with more property with others, according to the amount they

-consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each

-received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,

-Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father

-well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than

-advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox

-came to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One

-year he remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted

-body down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives

-Elvira and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last. </p>

-<p>The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in

-founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,

-Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton

-of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah. </p>

-<p>If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found in

-the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced the

-cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he

-considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur

-from him. </p>

-<p>To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the

-story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas

-Brady. </p>

-<p>"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City

-Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every

-day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to be

-finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted. The

-men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and

-shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut

-through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched

-by plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the

-gravel loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us

-weeks to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and

-sweating, and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a

-tap; just looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and

-walked off. Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you

-ever saw I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear;

-we was Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one

-of the men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller."

-His going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us.

-But of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day,

-and dragged back the next morning." </p>

-<p>"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember

-whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a

-boy, but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling

-ox. And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new

-kind of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet

-long, and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if

-my arm and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole

-through the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and

-cross ways along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout

-oak sticks through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had

-eight man got ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he

-loaded a bunch of men along on that log, and then he spoke to his

-oxen." </p>

-<p>"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us

-fellers laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch

-line four or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All

-that the rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he

-done more in half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six

-weeks." </p>

-<p>"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so

-discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a

-might of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been,

-plans like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No,

-siree! His way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin'

-they see believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin." </p>

-<blockquote><p>The Pioneer Mother </p>

-<p> Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode

-<br> Across the trackless prairie to the west,

-<br> Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,

-<br> A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,

-<br> Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never&mdash;

-<br> What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!&mdash;

-<br> Her bravery incentive to endeavor;

-<br> Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears. </p>

-<p> O to her valor and her comeliness

-<br> A commonwealth today owes its white domes

-<br> Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes&mdash;

-<br> Its cities wrested from the wilderness.

-<br> Its bones in memory above the hand

-<br> That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land. </p>

-<p>&mdash;Ethol Romig Fuller </p></blockquote>

-

-

-<h3>Transcriber's Note</h3>

-

-<p>The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this

-electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at

-<A HREF="https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw">archive.org</A>. The poem "The

-Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved

-to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader

-devices.</p>

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-<pre>

-

-

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-

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+<div>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 50322 ***</div>
+
+<h1>Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847</h1>
+<br><p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit</p>
+<p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things
+<br> And Broke the virgin sod,
+<br> That conquered savages and kings,
+<br> And only bowed to God.
+<br> The Strength of mind and strength of soul&mdash;
+<br> The will to do or die,
+<br> That sets its heart upon a goal,
+<br> And made it far or high&mdash;</p>
+<p class="centered">&mdash;Clarence Hawkes</p>
+<h3>Orville Southerland Cox</h3>
+<p>Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847,
+partly from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the
+"Daughters of the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913. </p>
+<p>Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was
+one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His
+father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then
+"bound out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a
+deacon Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar
+of the church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until
+twenty one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three
+months of school each winter, and teach him the trade of
+blacksmithing. No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of
+jeans pants was all the clothing he received during the first three
+years of his apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The
+women folks ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of
+milk, of which he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big
+a hole in the cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving
+plenty of abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept
+blowing the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the
+deacon sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used
+the tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his
+master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a
+pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and
+saved. </p>
+<p>Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,
+trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon. These
+things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and
+associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once
+in a while found a little time to use them. </p>
+<p>Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and
+sledge&mdash;was broken in other ways;&mdash;for example&mdash;at one time oxen were
+brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called
+"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.
+Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles
+in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After
+a while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending
+a single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came
+to the shop. </p>
+<p>One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was
+then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while
+attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as
+well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little. </p>
+<p>He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he
+had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion
+that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so
+during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered
+together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered
+his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being
+the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way
+toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which
+was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means
+of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log
+canoe, "dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to
+confiscate it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and
+was soon floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the
+Tioga and the Susquehannah. </p>
+<p>Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping
+to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling
+with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that
+he at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately
+paddeling, steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping
+near the shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the
+best of him. The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a
+passenger?" from a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and
+row." "Barkis is willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log
+canoe. </p>
+<p>Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they
+saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,
+a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his
+passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,
+signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough
+to leap from the dug-out to her deck. </p>
+<p>A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His
+passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let
+her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his
+bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for
+food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good
+shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had
+no money. </p>
+<p>On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first
+time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river
+packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative
+employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's
+forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and
+Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this
+himself. </p>
+<p>Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,
+Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his
+older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at
+that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and hard
+work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for
+lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked
+wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of New
+York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.
+Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was at
+that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued their
+westward course; some of them reached California during the gold
+stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company
+for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern
+called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and
+left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's
+mother Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive
+the gospel in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the
+outlawry of those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted
+with some (Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned
+against. He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson
+County Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying
+day that he should one day return to that favored spot. </p>
+<p>Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He
+said he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the
+Saints were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with
+a group of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement. </p>
+<p>Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,
+lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a
+genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and
+heavy proportionately. </p>
+<p>While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who
+was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about
+marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they
+were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement
+by Elder Lyman Wight. </p>
+<p>The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles
+away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He
+went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time it
+takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of love
+and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo
+Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned
+more sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute
+in the migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the
+Morley settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo,
+he with his wife and two children&mdash;the oldest child had died when an
+infant as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from
+exposure resulting from mobbers' violence. </p>
+<p>He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to
+appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the
+Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter
+he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like Joseph
+and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after that
+manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful
+leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young
+at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He
+assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into
+cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle
+of Nauvoo. </p>
+<p>Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa and
+settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,
+President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow, he
+was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their
+leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer
+and Adelia. </p>
+<p>An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the
+story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and
+two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams
+and wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings
+had a shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in
+disposing of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they
+were almost home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or
+all in one, struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly
+around them. They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no
+manner of shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came
+from every direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they
+were very close to their homes; but they also knew that they were
+hopelessly lost in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow.
+They and their oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in
+making a fire and camping where they were. Everything was wet and
+under the snow, and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed
+violence was raging around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that
+they might find some sort of shelter for themselves. Then with
+frost-bitten fingers they sought in the darkness and storm for dry
+fuel. The best they found was damp and poor enough&mdash;and now for a
+match. Only three in the crowd, and no such matches as we have in
+these days either. Inside a large wooden bucket in which they fed
+grain, they carefully laid their kindling. Then turning another bucket
+over it to keep out of the falling snow, and hugging close over to
+keep the wind off, they lifted the top bucket a little and one of the
+Whiting boys struck a precious match. It flickered, blazed a moment
+against the kindling and was puffed out by a draft of wind. Another
+match was taken, and it died almost before it flared. Only one match
+remained to save three men from certain death. Their fingers were so
+numb they could not feel, and every minute increased their numbness.
+"Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we", they said. So Orville,
+keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny splinter of wood and
+struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the fire lived and grew. </p>
+<p>Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a
+roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although
+their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and their
+noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light
+appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home
+fences. </p>
+<p>For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting
+boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy
+manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and
+said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good
+and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the
+long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without
+brakes&mdash;brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey&mdash;two
+yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a
+wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit
+that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song
+"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy
+plains." He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the
+Artillery Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the
+seemingly endless level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing.
+When Independence Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was
+sighted, it was wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that
+unsettled country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky
+Mountains, especially the children longed for that goal. </p>
+<p>One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted
+about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh
+beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched
+their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's
+luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best
+cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What
+they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and
+their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they
+were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in
+the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This
+they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in
+danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and
+they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought
+them together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was
+given. They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six
+miles or perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the
+clear air of the up-lands and could see much farther than they had
+been able to see in the Mississippi valley. </p>
+<p>The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat. </p>
+<p>After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water
+River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion
+scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder
+Freemont. </p>
+<p>(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little
+band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their
+enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney
+arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He
+was very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.) </p>
+<p>With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos
+Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely
+country; and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet
+relatives so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties. </p>
+<p>Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the
+first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were
+freely mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone
+to New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so
+he decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and
+Kearney gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner
+to Fort Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and
+then went to his weary waiting family in Iowa. </p>
+<p>The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near
+Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake
+Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to
+the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to
+impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told
+Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and
+it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their
+destination. </p>
+<p>From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked
+ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people
+raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.
+Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt
+Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's
+company of one hundred wagons. </p>
+<p>Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the
+canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he
+brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",
+which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole
+to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on
+Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another
+son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847. </p>
+<p>Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with
+his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now
+Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the
+famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as
+well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and
+then came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he
+dug the first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be
+drowned by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was
+called to go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of
+Sanpitch. </p>
+<p>He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey
+from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking
+new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families
+worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three
+miles. One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole
+week. The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo,
+consisting of a little fort of green cottonwood logs. </p>
+<p>After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to
+their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was
+far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the
+hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years.
+Arriving at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company
+on the south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they
+must do their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on
+the saw pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills. </p>
+<p>Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and
+making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter
+long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the
+meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow
+was gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin
+their farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual
+labor of clearing, plowing, and planting. </p>
+<p>Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,
+and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite
+commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox
+taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school
+of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.
+In 1850 he was elected Alderman. </p>
+<p>O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the
+first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He
+was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially
+through the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza
+Losee about 1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion
+veteran. </p>
+<p>To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all
+that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest
+convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored
+faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and
+Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete
+County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it
+was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he
+moved part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a
+crop. He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He
+engineered over forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his
+children can remember in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of
+pioneer work. </p>
+<p>In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch
+of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist
+in surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very
+rich, but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost
+impossible to build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing
+away the soil. So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought
+that was the route the saints would travel going back to Jackson
+County, so he was that much nearer the final home. He labored here for
+six years, and engineered a number of dams that would hold against the
+floods and treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows
+and a few other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building
+material. He also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there.
+In clearing the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest
+digging they encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3
+towns in the valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he
+took with him his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two
+year old girl; and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife,
+Elvira. The following year, after crops were in and the spring work
+done, he returned to Fairview after another section of his
+family&mdash;Mary, the second wife, and her five children. From that time
+on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of tragedy and hardship. The life in
+the burning desert is always more or less unpleasant, and pioneering
+is excessively hard. And he was past fifty years old. </p>
+<p>During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail
+to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and
+she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,
+but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and
+homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little
+pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild
+with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors
+concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get him
+to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so the
+disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him. It is
+said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see the
+brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their
+loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt. </p>
+<p>Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was
+moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of
+thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of
+the bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she
+grieved many years. </p>
+<p>Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They
+had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into
+bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and
+Nevada, which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back
+taxes; and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were
+worth. So Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came. </p>
+<p>Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and
+Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their
+beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat
+and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they
+had subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of
+toil and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great
+leader; and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice
+belongings, and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their
+settlement and farms to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded. </p>
+<p>One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam
+in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in
+Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of
+irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and
+repaired the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter
+from the February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel. </p>
+<p>When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would
+stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary
+pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley
+into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more
+ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried
+across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the
+canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into
+the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge
+trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure
+a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"
+was still doing successful service as a flume. </p>
+<p>In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,
+this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the
+united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little
+property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve
+years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town
+grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well
+represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was
+there, in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that
+ward than any ward in the church. </p>
+<p>Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.
+There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people
+came out with more property with others, according to the amount they
+consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each
+received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,
+Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father
+well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than
+advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox
+came to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One
+year he remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted
+body down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives
+Elvira and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last. </p>
+<p>The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in
+founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,
+Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton
+of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah. </p>
+<p>If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found in
+the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced the
+cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he
+considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur
+from him. </p>
+<p>To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the
+story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas
+Brady. </p>
+<p>"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City
+Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every
+day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to be
+finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted. The
+men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and
+shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut
+through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched
+by plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the
+gravel loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us
+weeks to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and
+sweating, and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a
+tap; just looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and
+walked off. Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you
+ever saw I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear;
+we was Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one
+of the men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller."
+His going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us.
+But of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day,
+and dragged back the next morning." </p>
+<p>"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember
+whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a
+boy, but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling
+ox. And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new
+kind of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet
+long, and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if
+my arm and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole
+through the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and
+cross ways along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout
+oak sticks through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had
+eight man got ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he
+loaded a bunch of men along on that log, and then he spoke to his
+oxen." </p>
+<p>"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us
+fellers laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch
+line four or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All
+that the rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he
+done more in half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six
+weeks." </p>
+<p>"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so
+discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a
+might of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been,
+plans like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No,
+siree! His way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin'
+they see believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin." </p>
+<blockquote><p>The Pioneer Mother </p>
+<p> Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode
+<br> Across the trackless prairie to the west,
+<br> Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,
+<br> A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,
+<br> Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never&mdash;
+<br> What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!&mdash;
+<br> Her bravery incentive to endeavor;
+<br> Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears. </p>
+<p> O to her valor and her comeliness
+<br> A commonwealth today owes its white domes
+<br> Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes&mdash;
+<br> Its cities wrested from the wilderness.
+<br> Its bones in memory above the hand
+<br> That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land. </p>
+<p>&mdash;Ethol Romig Fuller </p></blockquote>
+
+
+<h3>Transcriber's Note</h3>
+
+<p>The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this
+electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at
+<A HREF="https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw">archive.org</A>. The poem "The
+Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved
+to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader
+devices.</p>
+
+<div>*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK 50322 ***</div>
+</body>
+</html>
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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, by
+Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
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+
+Title: Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847
+
+Author: Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
+
+Release Date: October 27, 2015 [EBook #50322]
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+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ORVILLE SOUTHERLAND COX ***
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+
+
+<h1>Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847</h1>
+<br><p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit</p>
+<p class="centered">The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things
+<br> And Broke the virgin sod,
+<br> That conquered savages and kings,
+<br> And only bowed to God.
+<br> The Strength of mind and strength of soul&mdash;
+<br> The will to do or die,
+<br> That sets its heart upon a goal,
+<br> And made it far or high&mdash;</p>
+<p class="centered">&mdash;Clarence Hawkes</p>
+<h3>Orville Southerland Cox</h3>
+<p>Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847,
+partly from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the
+"Daughters of the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913. </p>
+<p>Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was
+one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His
+father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then
+"bound out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a
+deacon Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar
+of the church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until
+twenty one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three
+months of school each winter, and teach him the trade of
+blacksmithing. No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of
+jeans pants was all the clothing he received during the first three
+years of his apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The
+women folks ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of
+milk, of which he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big
+a hole in the cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving
+plenty of abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept
+blowing the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the
+deacon sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used
+the tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his
+master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a
+pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and
+saved. </p>
+<p>Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,
+trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon. These
+things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and
+associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once
+in a while found a little time to use them. </p>
+<p>Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and
+sledge&mdash;was broken in other ways;&mdash;for example&mdash;at one time oxen were
+brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called
+"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.
+Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles
+in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After
+a while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending
+a single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came
+to the shop. </p>
+<p>One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was
+then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while
+attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as
+well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little. </p>
+<p>He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he
+had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion
+that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so
+during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered
+together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered
+his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being
+the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way
+toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which
+was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means
+of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log
+canoe, "dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to
+confiscate it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and
+was soon floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the
+Tioga and the Susquehannah. </p>
+<p>Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping
+to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling
+with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that
+he at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately
+paddeling, steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping
+near the shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the
+best of him. The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a
+passenger?" from a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and
+row." "Barkis is willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log
+canoe. </p>
+<p>Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they
+saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,
+a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his
+passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,
+signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough
+to leap from the dug-out to her deck. </p>
+<p>A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His
+passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let
+her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his
+bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for
+food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good
+shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had
+no money. </p>
+<p>On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first
+time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river
+packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative
+employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's
+forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and
+Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this
+himself. </p>
+<p>Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,
+Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his
+older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at
+that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and hard
+work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for
+lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked
+wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of New
+York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.
+Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was at
+that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued their
+westward course; some of them reached California during the gold
+stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company
+for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern
+called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and
+left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's
+mother Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive
+the gospel in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the
+outlawry of those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted
+with some (Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned
+against. He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson
+County Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying
+day that he should one day return to that favored spot. </p>
+<p>Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He
+said he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the
+Saints were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with
+a group of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement. </p>
+<p>Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,
+lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a
+genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and
+heavy proportionately. </p>
+<p>While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who
+was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about
+marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they
+were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement
+by Elder Lyman Wight. </p>
+<p>The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles
+away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He
+went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time it
+takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of love
+and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo
+Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned
+more sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute
+in the migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the
+Morley settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo,
+he with his wife and two children&mdash;the oldest child had died when an
+infant as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from
+exposure resulting from mobbers' violence. </p>
+<p>He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to
+appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the
+Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter
+he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like Joseph
+and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after that
+manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful
+leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young
+at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He
+assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into
+cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle
+of Nauvoo. </p>
+<p>Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa and
+settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,
+President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow, he
+was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their
+leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer
+and Adelia. </p>
+<p>An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the
+story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and
+two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams
+and wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings
+had a shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in
+disposing of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they
+were almost home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or
+all in one, struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly
+around them. They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no
+manner of shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came
+from every direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they
+were very close to their homes; but they also knew that they were
+hopelessly lost in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow.
+They and their oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in
+making a fire and camping where they were. Everything was wet and
+under the snow, and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed
+violence was raging around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that
+they might find some sort of shelter for themselves. Then with
+frost-bitten fingers they sought in the darkness and storm for dry
+fuel. The best they found was damp and poor enough&mdash;and now for a
+match. Only three in the crowd, and no such matches as we have in
+these days either. Inside a large wooden bucket in which they fed
+grain, they carefully laid their kindling. Then turning another bucket
+over it to keep out of the falling snow, and hugging close over to
+keep the wind off, they lifted the top bucket a little and one of the
+Whiting boys struck a precious match. It flickered, blazed a moment
+against the kindling and was puffed out by a draft of wind. Another
+match was taken, and it died almost before it flared. Only one match
+remained to save three men from certain death. Their fingers were so
+numb they could not feel, and every minute increased their numbness.
+"Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we", they said. So Orville,
+keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny splinter of wood and
+struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the fire lived and grew. </p>
+<p>Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a
+roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although
+their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and their
+noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light
+appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home
+fences. </p>
+<p>For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting
+boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy
+manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and
+said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good
+and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the
+long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without
+brakes&mdash;brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey&mdash;two
+yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a
+wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit
+that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song
+"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy
+plains." He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the
+Artillery Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the
+seemingly endless level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing.
+When Independence Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was
+sighted, it was wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that
+unsettled country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky
+Mountains, especially the children longed for that goal. </p>
+<p>One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted
+about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh
+beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched
+their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's
+luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best
+cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What
+they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and
+their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they
+were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in
+the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This
+they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in
+danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and
+they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought
+them together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was
+given. They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six
+miles or perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the
+clear air of the up-lands and could see much farther than they had
+been able to see in the Mississippi valley. </p>
+<p>The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat. </p>
+<p>After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water
+River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion
+scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder
+Freemont. </p>
+<p>(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little
+band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their
+enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney
+arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He
+was very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.) </p>
+<p>With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos
+Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely
+country; and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet
+relatives so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties. </p>
+<p>Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the
+first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were
+freely mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone
+to New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so
+he decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and
+Kearney gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner
+to Fort Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and
+then went to his weary waiting family in Iowa. </p>
+<p>The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near
+Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake
+Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to
+the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to
+impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told
+Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and
+it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their
+destination. </p>
+<p>From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked
+ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people
+raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.
+Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt
+Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's
+company of one hundred wagons. </p>
+<p>Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the
+canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he
+brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",
+which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole
+to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on
+Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another
+son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847. </p>
+<p>Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with
+his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now
+Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the
+famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as
+well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and
+then came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he
+dug the first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be
+drowned by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was
+called to go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of
+Sanpitch. </p>
+<p>He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey
+from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking
+new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families
+worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three
+miles. One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole
+week. The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo,
+consisting of a little fort of green cottonwood logs. </p>
+<p>After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to
+their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was
+far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the
+hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years.
+Arriving at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company
+on the south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they
+must do their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on
+the saw pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills. </p>
+<p>Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and
+making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter
+long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the
+meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow
+was gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin
+their farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual
+labor of clearing, plowing, and planting. </p>
+<p>Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,
+and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite
+commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox
+taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school
+of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.
+In 1850 he was elected Alderman. </p>
+<p>O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the
+first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He
+was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially
+through the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza
+Losee about 1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion
+veteran. </p>
+<p>To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all
+that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest
+convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored
+faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and
+Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete
+County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it
+was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he
+moved part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a
+crop. He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He
+engineered over forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his
+children can remember in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of
+pioneer work. </p>
+<p>In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch
+of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist
+in surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very
+rich, but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost
+impossible to build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing
+away the soil. So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought
+that was the route the saints would travel going back to Jackson
+County, so he was that much nearer the final home. He labored here for
+six years, and engineered a number of dams that would hold against the
+floods and treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows
+and a few other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building
+material. He also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there.
+In clearing the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest
+digging they encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3
+towns in the valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he
+took with him his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two
+year old girl; and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife,
+Elvira. The following year, after crops were in and the spring work
+done, he returned to Fairview after another section of his
+family&mdash;Mary, the second wife, and her five children. From that time
+on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of tragedy and hardship. The life in
+the burning desert is always more or less unpleasant, and pioneering
+is excessively hard. And he was past fifty years old. </p>
+<p>During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail
+to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and
+she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,
+but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and
+homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little
+pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild
+with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors
+concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get him
+to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so the
+disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him. It is
+said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see the
+brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their
+loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt. </p>
+<p>Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was
+moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of
+thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of
+the bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she
+grieved many years. </p>
+<p>Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They
+had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into
+bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and
+Nevada, which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back
+taxes; and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were
+worth. So Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came. </p>
+<p>Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and
+Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their
+beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat
+and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they
+had subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of
+toil and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great
+leader; and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice
+belongings, and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their
+settlement and farms to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded. </p>
+<p>One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam
+in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in
+Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of
+irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and
+repaired the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter
+from the February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel. </p>
+<p>When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would
+stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary
+pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley
+into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more
+ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried
+across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the
+canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into
+the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge
+trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure
+a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"
+was still doing successful service as a flume. </p>
+<p>In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,
+this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the
+united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little
+property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve
+years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town
+grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well
+represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was
+there, in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that
+ward than any ward in the church. </p>
+<p>Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.
+There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people
+came out with more property with others, according to the amount they
+consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each
+received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,
+Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father
+well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than
+advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox
+came to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One
+year he remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted
+body down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives
+Elvira and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last. </p>
+<p>The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in
+founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,
+Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton
+of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah. </p>
+<p>If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found in
+the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced the
+cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he
+considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur
+from him. </p>
+<p>To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the
+story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas
+Brady. </p>
+<p>"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City
+Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every
+day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to be
+finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted. The
+men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and
+shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut
+through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched
+by plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the
+gravel loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us
+weeks to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and
+sweating, and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a
+tap; just looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and
+walked off. Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you
+ever saw I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear;
+we was Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one
+of the men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller."
+His going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us.
+But of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day,
+and dragged back the next morning." </p>
+<p>"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember
+whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a
+boy, but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling
+ox. And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new
+kind of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet
+long, and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if
+my arm and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole
+through the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and
+cross ways along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout
+oak sticks through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had
+eight man got ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he
+loaded a bunch of men along on that log, and then he spoke to his
+oxen." </p>
+<p>"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us
+fellers laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch
+line four or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All
+that the rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he
+done more in half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six
+weeks." </p>
+<p>"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so
+discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a
+might of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been,
+plans like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No,
+siree! His way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin'
+they see believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin." </p>
+<blockquote><p>The Pioneer Mother </p>
+<p> Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode
+<br> Across the trackless prairie to the west,
+<br> Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,
+<br> A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,
+<br> Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never&mdash;
+<br> What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!&mdash;
+<br> Her bravery incentive to endeavor;
+<br> Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears. </p>
+<p> O to her valor and her comeliness
+<br> A commonwealth today owes its white domes
+<br> Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes&mdash;
+<br> Its cities wrested from the wilderness.
+<br> Its bones in memory above the hand
+<br> That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land. </p>
+<p>&mdash;Ethol Romig Fuller </p></blockquote>
+
+
+<h3>Transcriber's Note</h3>
+
+<p>The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this
+electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at
+<A HREF="https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw">archive.org</A>. The poem "The
+Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved
+to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader
+devices.</p>
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+<pre>
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of
+1847, by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, by

-Adelia B. Cox Sidwell

-

-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most

-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions

-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of

-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at

-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have

-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.

-

-Title: Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847

-

-Author: Adelia B. Cox Sidwell

-

-Release Date: October 27, 2015 [EBook #50322]

-

-Language: English

-

-Character set encoding: ASCII

-

-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ORVILLE SOUTHERLAND COX ***

-

-

-

-

-Produced by Margaret Willden, Mormon Texts Project Intern

-(http://mormontextsproject.org)

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847

-

-

-The Pioneer Spirit

-

-  The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things

-  And Broke the virgin sod,

-  That conquered savages and kings,

-  And only bowed to God.

-  The Strength of mind and strength of soul--

-  The will to do or die,

-  That sets its heart upon a goal,

-  And made it far or high--

-

-  --Clarence Hawkes

-

-

-Orville Southerland Cox

-

-Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, partly

-from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the "Daughters of

-the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913.

-

-Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was

-one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His

-father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then "bound

-out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a deacon

-Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar of the

-church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until twenty

-one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three months

-of school each winter, and teach him the trade of blacksmithing.

-No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of jeans pants was

-all the clothing he received during the first three years of his

-apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The women folks

-ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of milk, of which

-he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big a hole in the

-cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving plenty of

-abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept blowing

-the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the deacon

-sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used the

-tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his

-master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a

-pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and

-saved.

-

-Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,

-trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon.

-These things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and

-associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once

-in a while found a little time to use them.

-

-Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and

-sledge--was broken in other ways;--for example--at one time oxen were

-brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called

-"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.

-Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles

-in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After a

-while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending a

-single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came to

-the shop.

-

-One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was

-then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while

-attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as

-well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little.

-

-He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he

-had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion

-that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so

-during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered

-together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered

-his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being

-the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way

-toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which

-was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means

-of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log canoe,

-"dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to confiscate

-it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and was soon

-floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the Tioga and

-the Susquehannah.

-

-Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping

-to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling

-with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that he

-at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately paddeling,

-steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping near the

-shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the best of him.

-The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a passenger?" from

-a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and row." "Barkis is

-willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log canoe.

-

-Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they

-saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,

-a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his

-passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,

-signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough to

-leap from the dug-out to her deck.

-

-A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His

-passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let

-her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his

-bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for

-food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good

-shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had

-no money.

-

-On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first

-time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river

-packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative

-employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's

-forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and

-Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this himself.

-

-Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,

-Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his

-older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at

-that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and

-hard work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for

-lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked

-wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of

-New York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.

-Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was

-at that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued

-their westward course; some of them reached California during the gold

-stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company

-for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern

-called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and

-left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's mother

-Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive the gospel

-in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the outlawry of

-those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted with some

-(Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned against.

-He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson County

-Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying day

-that he should one day return to that favored spot.

-

-Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He said

-he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the Saints

-were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with a group

-of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement.

-

-Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,

-lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a

-genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and

-heavy proportionately.

-

-While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who

-was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about

-marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they

-were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement

-by Elder Lyman Wight.

-

-The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles

-away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He

-went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time

-it takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of

-love and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo

-Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned more

-sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute in the

-migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the Morley

-settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo, he with

-his wife and two children--the oldest child had died when an infant

-as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from exposure

-resulting from mobbers' violence.

-

-He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to

-appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the

-Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter

-he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like

-Joseph and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after

-that manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful

-leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young

-at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He

-assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into

-cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle

-of Nauvoo.

-

-Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa

-and settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,

-President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow,

-he was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their

-leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer

-and Adelia.

-

-An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the

-story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and

-two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams and

-wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings had a

-shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in disposing

-of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they were almost

-home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or all in one,

-struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly around them.

-They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no manner of

-shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came from every

-direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they were very

-close to their homes; but they also knew that they were hopelessly lost

-in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow. They and their

-oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in making a fire

-and camping where they were. Everything was wet and under the snow,

-and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed violence was raging

-around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that they might find some

-sort of shelter for themselves. Then with frost-bitten fingers they

-sought in the darkness and storm for dry fuel. The best they found was

-damp and poor enough--and now for a match. Only three in the crowd, and

-no such matches as we have in these days either. Inside a large wooden

-bucket in which they fed grain, they carefully laid their kindling.

-Then turning another bucket over it to keep out of the falling snow,

-and hugging close over to keep the wind off, they lifted the top

-bucket a little and one of the Whiting boys struck a precious match.

-It flickered, blazed a moment against the kindling and was puffed out

-by a draft of wind. Another match was taken, and it died almost before

-it flared. Only one match remained to save three men from certain

-death. Their fingers were so numb they could not feel, and every minute

-increased their numbness. "Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we",

-they said. So Orville, keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny

-splinter of wood and struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the

-fire lived and grew.

-

-Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a

-roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although

-their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and

-their noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light

-appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home fences.

-

-For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting

-boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy

-manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and

-said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good

-and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the

-long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without

-brakes--brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey--two

-yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a

-wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit

-that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song

-"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy plains."

-He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the Artillery

-Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the seemingly endless

-level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing. When Independence

-Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was sighted, it was

-wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that unsettled

-country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky Mountains,

-especially the children longed for that goal.

-

-One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted

-about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh

-beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched

-their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's

-luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best

-cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What

-they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and

-their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they

-were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in

-the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This

-they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in

-danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and

-they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought them

-together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was given.

-They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six miles or

-perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the clear air of

-the up-lands and could see much farther than they had been able to see

-in the Mississippi valley.

-

-The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat.

-

-After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water

-River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion

-scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder Freemont.

-

-(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little

-band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their

-enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney

-arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He was

-very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.)

-

-With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos

-Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely country;

-and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet relatives

-so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties.

-

-Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the

-first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were freely

-mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone to

-New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so he

-decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and Kearney

-gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner to Fort

-Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and then went

-to his weary waiting family in Iowa.

-

-The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near

-Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake

-Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to

-the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to

-impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told

-Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and

-it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their destination.

-

-From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked

-ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people

-raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.

-Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt

-Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's

-company of one hundred wagons.

-

-Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the

-canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he

-brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",

-which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole

-to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on

-Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another

-son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847.

-

-Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with

-his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now

-Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the

-famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as

-well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and then

-came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he dug the

-first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be drowned

-by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was called to

-go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of Sanpitch.

-

-He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey

-from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking

-new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families

-worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three miles.

-One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole week.

-The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo, consisting

-of a little fort of green cottonwood logs.

-

-After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to

-their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was

-far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the

-hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years. Arriving

-at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company on the

-south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they must do

-their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on the saw

-pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills.

-

-Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and

-making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter

-long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the

-meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow was

-gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin their

-farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual labor

-of clearing, plowing, and planting.

-

-Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,

-and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite

-commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox

-taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school

-of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.

-In 1850 he was elected Alderman.

-

-O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the

-first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He

-was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially through

-the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza Losee about

-1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion veteran.

-

-To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all

-that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest

-convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored

-faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and

-Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete

-County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it

-was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he moved

-part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a crop.

-He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He engineered over

-forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his children can remember

-in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of pioneer work.

-

-In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch

-of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist in

-surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very rich,

-but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost impossible to

-build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing away the soil.

-So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought that was the

-route the saints would travel going back to Jackson County, so he was

-that much nearer the final home. He labored here for six years, and

-engineered a number of dams that would hold against the floods and

-treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows and a few

-other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building material. He

-also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there. In clearing

-the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest digging they

-encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3 towns in the

-valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he took with him

-his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two year old girl;

-and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife, Elvira. The following

-year, after crops were in and the spring work done, he returned to

-Fairview after another section of his family--Mary, the second wife,

-and her five children. From that time on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of

-tragedy and hardship. The life in the burning desert is always more or

-less unpleasant, and pioneering is excessively hard. And he was past

-fifty years old.

-

-During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail

-to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and

-she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,

-but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and

-homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little

-pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild

-with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors

-concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get

-him to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so

-the disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him.

-It is said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see

-the brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their

-loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt.

-

-Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was

-moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of

-thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of the

-bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she grieved

-many years.

-

-Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They

-had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into

-bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and Nevada,

-which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back taxes;

-and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were worth. So

-Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came.

-

-Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and

-Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their

-beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat

-and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they had

-subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of toil

-and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great leader;

-and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice belongings,

-and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their settlement and farms

-to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded.

-

-One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam

-in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in

-Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of

-irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and repaired

-the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter from the

-February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel.

-

-When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would

-stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary

-pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley

-into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more

-ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried

-across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the

-canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into

-the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge

-trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure

-a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"

-was still doing successful service as a flume.

-

-In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,

-this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the

-united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little

-property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve

-years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town

-grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well

-represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was there,

-in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that ward

-than any ward in the church.

-

-Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.

-There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people

-came out with more property with others, according to the amount they

-consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each

-received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,

-Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father

-well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than

-advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox came

-to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One year he

-remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted body

-down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives Elvira

-and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last.

-

-The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in

-founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,

-Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton

-of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah.

-

-If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found

-in the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced

-the cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he

-considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur

-from him.

-

-To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the

-story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas

-Brady.

-

-"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City

-Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every

-day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to

-be finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted.

-The men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and

-shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut

-through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched by

-plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the gravel

-loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us weeks

-to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and sweating,

-and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a tap; just

-looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and walked off.

-Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you ever saw

-I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear; we was

-Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one of the

-men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller." His

-going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us. But

-of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day, and

-dragged back the next morning."

-

-"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember

-whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a boy,

-but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling ox.

-And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new kind

-of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet long,

-and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if my arm

-and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole through

-the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and cross ways

-along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout oak sticks

-through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had eight man got

-ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he loaded a bunch of

-men along on that log, and then he spoke to his oxen."

-

-"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us fellers

-laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch line four

-or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All that the

-rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he done more in

-half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six weeks."

-

-"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so

-discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a might

-of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been, plans

-like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No, siree! His

-way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin' they see

-believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin."

-

-  The Pioneer Mother

-

-  Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode

-  Across the trackless prairie to the west,

-  Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,

-  A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,

-  Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never--

-  What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!--

-  Her bravery incentive to endeavor;

-  Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears.

-

-  O to her valor and her comeliness

-  A commonwealth today owes its white domes

-  Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes--

-  Its cities wrested from the wilderness.

-  Its bones in memory above the hand

-  That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land.

-

-  --Ethol Romig Fuller

-

-

-

-Transcriber's Note

-

-The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this

-electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at

-https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw. The poem "The

-Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved

-to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader

-devices.

-

-

-

-

-

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-1847, by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell

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+The Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, by
+Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
+
+This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
+other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
+whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
+the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
+www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
+to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
+
+Title: Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847
+
+Author: Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
+
+Release Date: October 27, 2015 [EBook #50322]
+
+Language: English
+
+Character set encoding: ASCII
+
+*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK ORVILLE SOUTHERLAND COX ***
+
+
+
+
+Produced by Margaret Willden, Mormon Texts Project Intern
+(http://mormontextsproject.org)
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Biographical Sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847
+
+
+The Pioneer Spirit
+
+  The Pioneer Spirit that mastered things
+  And Broke the virgin sod,
+  That conquered savages and kings,
+  And only bowed to God.
+  The Strength of mind and strength of soul--
+  The will to do or die,
+  That sets its heart upon a goal,
+  And made it far or high--
+
+  --Clarence Hawkes
+
+
+Orville Southerland Cox
+
+Biographical sketch of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of 1847, partly
+from a sketch written by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell for the "Daughters of
+the Pioneers", Manti, Utah, 1913.
+
+Orville S. Cox, was born in Plymouth, N.Y. November 25, 1814. He was
+one of a family of 12 children, ten of whom reached maturity. His
+father died when he was about fifteen years old. And he was then "bound
+out"; apprenticed to learn the trade of a blacksmith under a deacon
+Jones, who was considered an excellent man as he was a pillar of the
+church. The agreement was that he was to work obediently until twenty
+one and that Jones as to give him board and clothes, three months
+of school each winter, and teach him the trade of blacksmithing.
+No schooling was given or allowed, and one pair of jeans pants was
+all the clothing he received during the first three years of his
+apprenticeship, and his food was rather limited too. The women folks
+ran a dairy, but the boy was never allowed a drink of milk, of which
+he was very fond because the Mrs. said "it made too big a hole in the
+cheese." He was indeed a poor little bondsman, receiving plenty of
+abusive treatment. As to teaching him the trade, he was kept blowing
+the bellows and using the tongs and heavy sledge. But the deacon
+sometimes went to distant places and then the boy secretly used the
+tools and practiced doing the things his keen eyes had watched his
+master do. During some of these hours of freedom, he made himself a
+pair of skates from pieces of broken nails he gathered carefully and
+saved.
+
+Also, he straightened a discarded gun barrel and made a hammer,
+trigger, sights, etc, to it, so that he had an effective weapon.
+These things he had to keep hidden from the eyes of his master and
+associates, but secretly he had great joy in his possessions and once
+in a while found a little time to use them.
+
+Occasionally the monotony at the bellows and with the tongs and
+sledge--was broken in other ways;--for example--at one time oxen were
+brought to the shop to be shod that had extremely hard hoofs, called
+"glassy hoofs". Whenever Deacon undertook to drive a nail in, it bent.
+Cox straightened nails over and over, as nails were precious articles
+in those days and must not be discarded because they were bent. After a
+while, the boy said "let me". And he shod the oxen without a bending a
+single nail; And thereafter Cox shod the oxen, one and all that came to
+the shop.
+
+One other pleasant duty was his: that of burning charcoal, as coal was
+then undiscovered. He learned much of the trade of the woodman while
+attending to the pits in the depth of the might New York Forests, as
+well as having an opportunity to use his skates and gun a little.
+
+He acquired the cognoman of "Deek" among his associates, and when he
+had worked for something over three years, he came to the conclusion
+that was all he ever would acquire, along with harsh treatment; so
+during one of the Deacon's visits to a distant parish, he gathered
+together his few belongings and a lunch, between two days, shouldered
+his home made gun and "hit the trail for the tall timber", that being
+the route on which he was least apt to be discovered. He made his way
+toward the Susquehannah river. First he reached the Tioga River, which
+was a branch of the Susquehannah. He began reconnoitering for a means
+of crossing or floating down the river and soon discovered a log canoe,
+"dug-out" as it was called, frozen in the mud. He decided to confiscate
+it as "contraband of war" and pried it up, launched it, and was soon
+floating and paddling in it down toward the junction of the Tioga and
+the Susquehannah.
+
+Shortly he felt his tired feet being submerged in cold water. Stooping
+to investigate, he found that the log was leaky and rapidly filling
+with water. He also found an old woolen firkin, a small barrel, that he
+at once began making use of, bailing the water, alternately paddeling,
+steering and bailing. He continued down the stream, keeping near the
+shore as possible, in case the old dug-out should get the best of him.
+The second day he heard "Hello, there, will you take a passenger?" from
+a man on shore. "Yes, if you'll help bail, steer, and row." "Barkis is
+willin", came the reply, so there were two in the log canoe.
+
+Then they made better time. Nearing the confluence of the rivers, they
+saw a boat preparing to leave the dock for a trip up the Susquehannah,
+a primitive stern wheel packet of those early days (1831). He and his
+passenger applied themselves to their paddling, bailing and steering,
+signalling the boat to wait; just as she started he drew near enough to
+leap from the dug-out to her deck.
+
+A free boy! For now he was sure pursuit would not overtake him. His
+passenger called "What shall I do with this canoe?" "Keep her or let
+her float" shouted Cox. (If the owner of that dug-out will send in his
+bill for damages, O.S. Cox's children will cheerfully settle.) As for
+food on this trip with the canoe, game was plentiful and he was a good
+shot. While on this boat, he must have worked his passage, for he had
+no money.
+
+On board that boat with a Cargo of Southern Produce, he, for the first
+time in his life, saw an orange. He remained on this little river
+packet some distance up the river, then lended and found lucrative
+employment at lumbering and logging, and sometimes at the blacksmith's
+forge. Soon he had the good luck to find his two brothers, Walter and
+Augustus, rafting logs down the river. He was an expert at this himself.
+
+Now he learned that his mother, and her younger children, Amos,
+Harriet, Mary and Jonathan had gone to Ohio under the care of his
+older brother, William U., via the great world famous Erie Canal; (at
+that time the largest canal in the world.) So by slow degrees and
+hard work he began to work his way toward Ohio. Usually he worked for
+lumber companies. His two brothers did likewise. They literally walked
+wall the way through the forests, the whole length of the state of
+New York. Finally they were united as a family in Nelson, Portage Co.
+Ohio, the former home of his future wife, Elvira, although she was
+at that time an emigrant in Missouri. The eight Cox boys continued
+their westward course; some of them reached California during the gold
+stampede. Charles B. Cox was elected Senator from Santa Rosa Company
+for a number of terms. William U. had put his property in a concern
+called the Phalanx and was defrauded by the officers of every cent and
+left in debt $3000.00, an enormous sum for those days. Orville's mother
+Lucinda, and her family went to Missouri. Walter had receive the gospel
+in Ohio previously. Orville heard terrible stories of the outlawry of
+those "awful Mormons"; but he became personally acquainted with some
+(Among them a Sylvester Hulet). He decided they were sinned against.
+He lived in Jackson County for a time, and ever after Jackson County
+Missouri was the goal of his ambition; He believed to his dying day
+that he should one day return to that favored spot.
+
+Orville met and loved Elvira in Far West, but was not baptized. He said
+he didn't propose to turn Mormon to procure a wife. When the Saints
+were driven from Missouri, he located near Lima, Illinois, with a group
+of Mormons and helped build the Morley settlement.
+
+Nearing his 24th birthday, he was a thorough frontiersman, forester,
+lumberman, a splendid blacksmith, a natural born engineer; in short a
+genius and an all around good fellow. He was six feet in his socks and
+heavy proportionately.
+
+While here he won the heart of the orphan girl, Elvira P. Mills, who
+was living with her uncle, Sylvester Hulet. But she hesitated about
+marrying a gentile. October 3, 1839, however, she yielded, and they
+were married in Father Elisha Whiting's home, at the Morley Settlement
+by Elder Lyman Wight.
+
+The two newly weds, on October 6, 1839, drove into Nauvoo twenty miles
+away, and Orville S. Cox was baptized by the Prophet Joseph Smith. He
+went a gentile and returned a full-fledged Mormon, so short a time
+it takes a woman to make a convert. He was a faithful L.D.S., full of
+love and zeal. He was a member of the famous brass band of the Nauvoo
+Legion. When the Prophet and his brother were killed, none mourned more
+sincerely than he. He assisted those more helpless or destitute in the
+migration from Nauvoo. His stacks of grain were burned at the Morley
+settlement by the robbers, and they fled to the City of Nauvoo, he with
+his wife and two children--the oldest child had died when an infant
+as a result of its mother having chills and fever, and from exposure
+resulting from mobbers' violence.
+
+He attended the meeting where Sidney Rigdon asked the Saints to
+appoint him as guardian, and where Brigham Young claimed that the
+Twelve Apostles were the ordained leaders; and many times thereafter
+he testified that he saw Brigham Young changed to appear like
+Joseph and heard his voice take on the Prophet's tone. And after
+that manifestation he never doubted for a moment that the rightful
+leadership of the Church was vested in the twelve, with Brigham Young
+at their head. He remained in Nauvoo till almost the last departed. He
+assisted Browning in transforming the old rusty steamer shafts into
+cannons that were so effectually used by Daniel H. Wells at the Battle
+of Nauvoo.
+
+Leaving Nauvoo with the last of the Mormon exiles, he crossed Iowa
+and settled at Pisgah, where he served as counselor to Lorenzo Snow,
+President at Mt. Pisgah. In his devoted attachment to Lorenzo Snow,
+he was an enthusiast; also to Father Morley and he would follow their
+leadership anywhere. Orville and Elvira had their two children, Almer
+and Adelia.
+
+An incident that illustrated the pioneer life of 1845-6 is told in the
+story of the "Last Match." In the winter of 1845-6 Orville S. Cox and
+two Whiting boys, cousins of Elvira, went from Pisgah with ox teams and
+wagons down into Missouri with a load of chairs to sell. Whitings had a
+shop in which they manufactured chairs. Being successful in disposing
+of their chairs, and securing loads of bacon and corn, they were almost
+home when an Iowa blizzard, or hurricane, or cyclone, or all in one,
+struck them. Clouds and Egyptian darkness settled suddenly around them.
+They had not modern "tornado cellars" to flee into and no manner of
+shelter of any kind. The cold was intense; the wind came from every
+direction; they were all skilled backwoodsmen and knew they were very
+close to their homes; but they also knew that they were hopelessly lost
+in that swirling wind and those black clouds of snow. They and their
+oxen were freezing, and their only hope of life was in making a fire
+and camping where they were. Everything was wet and under the snow,
+and an arctic wind in the fierceness of unclaimed violence was raging
+around them. At first, they unyoked the oxen that they might find some
+sort of shelter for themselves. Then with frost-bitten fingers they
+sought in the darkness and storm for dry fuel. The best they found was
+damp and poor enough--and now for a match. Only three in the crowd, and
+no such matches as we have in these days either. Inside a large wooden
+bucket in which they fed grain, they carefully laid their kindling.
+Then turning another bucket over it to keep out of the falling snow,
+and hugging close over to keep the wind off, they lifted the top
+bucket a little and one of the Whiting boys struck a precious match.
+It flickered, blazed a moment against the kindling and was puffed out
+by a draft of wind. Another match was taken, and it died almost before
+it flared. Only one match remained to save three men from certain
+death. Their fingers were so numb they could not feel, and every minute
+increased their numbness. "Let Orville Try; he is steadier than we",
+they said. So Orville, keenly sensing his responsibility, took the tiny
+splinter of wood and struck the spark; it caught, it blazed and the
+fire lived and grew.
+
+Now they were in the woods and the fuel was plentiful and soon a
+roaring blaze was swirling upward. The cattle came near, and although
+their noses and feet were frozen, their feet grew new hoofs and
+their noses healed of frosted cracks. When the storm broke and light
+appeared, they found themselves only a few rocks from their home fences.
+
+For a good reason, Orville was not in the Battalion draft. The Whiting
+boys, Sylvester Hulet, and Amos Cox were. But Orville was very busy
+manufacturing wagons. It was told of him that he found a linch pin and
+said, "I'll just make a wagon to fit that pin". He prepared as good
+and serviceable an outfit as his limited means would allow for the
+long dreary journey to the mountains. Two home made wagons, without
+brakes--brakes were not needed on the eastern end of the journey--two
+yoke of oxen, three yoke of cows, a box of chickens on the back of a
+wagon, a wife and two children, with bedding and food, was the outfit
+that started across the plains the last of June 1847, singing the song
+"In the spring we'll take our journey. All to cross the grassy plains."
+He travelled in the hundred of Charles C. Rich, known as the Artillery
+Company. Cox was captain of one of the tens. Oh! the seemingly endless
+level prairie! The monotony was terribly wearing. When Independence
+Rock was sighted, and again when Chimney Rock was sighted, it was
+wonderful relief. Great land marks they were, in that unsettled
+country. Now they were sure they were approaching the Rocky Mountains,
+especially the children longed for that goal.
+
+One evening at camping time, 4:00 P.M., a herd of buffalo were sighted
+about two miles away. The people were very hungry for a piece of fresh
+beef, so Father and one companion shouldered their guns, snatched
+their percussion caps and powder horns, and started to "try a hunter's
+luck." About sunset they got their steak, a generous load of the best
+cuts from the Buffalo, and started for camp. On and on they went. What
+they thought was a two mile stretch lengthened and lengthened, and
+their loads of meat grew heavier and heavier. They began to think they
+were lost; but the camp fires and stars told them they were going in
+the right direction. Finally they decided to fire their guns. This
+they did, and it filled the camp with alarm, least the hunters were in
+danger. Two or three men rushed away in the darkness to give aid, and
+they fired their guns to locate the hunters. Several shots brought them
+together. "Help us with this grub pile", they said. Help was given.
+They reached the camp at 11:00 o'clock. It must have been six miles or
+perhaps ten to the herd of buffalo. They were now in the clear air of
+the up-lands and could see much farther than they had been able to see
+in the Mississippi valley.
+
+The next morning all in the camp had a feast of fresh meat.
+
+After leaving the Platte River, while travelling along the sweet Water
+River, the company met General Kearney and his company of Battalion
+scouts with their illustrious prisoner, the great path-finder Freemont.
+
+(When California was freed from Mexican rule, Freemont and his little
+band, who had helped to free it, were greatly rejoiced; and in their
+enthusiasm his followers proclaimed Freemont governor. General Kearney
+arrived and expected to be governor by right of his generalship. He was
+very angry and had Freemont arrested and sent to Washington.)
+
+With Freemont's guards were Sylvester Hulet, Elvira's Uncle, and Amos
+Cox. They had traveled many weary months in an unknown, lonely country;
+and C.C. Riche's company were also travel weary. To thus meet relatives
+so unexpectedly was a joy unspeakable to both parties.
+
+Now the battalion men heard from their families left in Iowa, for the
+first time in more than a year. And tears of joy and sorrow were freely
+mingled. A daughter of Amos had died. Sylvester's wife had gone to
+New York where the Whitmer's and her father and brothers lived; so he
+decided to return to the Rocky Mountains with the pioneers, and Kearney
+gave him his discharge. Amos Cox continued with the prisoner to Fort
+Leavenworth, where he received his honorable discharge, and then went
+to his weary waiting family in Iowa.
+
+The pioneering company continued on westward. At Green River, near
+Bridger's Station, they met pioneers who had reached Great Salt Lake
+Valley and made a start toward a new home; and were now returning to
+the camps in Iowa, with more definite knowledge and instructions to
+impart to those who were to come to the mountains next year. They told
+Rich's company many things regarding the way that lay before them, and
+it was a great relief to know that they were nearing their destination.
+
+From now on the mountains were on every side; frowning cliffs looked
+ready to fall on and crush the poor foot-sore travelers; for people
+raised on the plains are apt to have a shuddering of such sights. C.C.
+Riche's artillery company rolled into the valley of the great Salt
+Lake. They were only two or three days behind Jedediah M. Grant's
+company of one hundred wagons.
+
+Being expert in handling lumber, Cox was immediately sent into the
+canyon for logs. Houses must now be built. Among other timbers, he
+brought down a magnificent specimen of a pine for a "Liberty Pole",
+which he assisted in raising on Pioneer Square. It was the first pole
+to carry the stars and stripes in the city. One had been raised on
+Ensign Peak before. They wintered in Salt Lake Valley. There another
+son, Orville M., was born November 29, 1847.
+
+Very early in the spring of 1848 father moved from the Adobe Fort with
+his wife and three children, and began farming in Sessionsville, Now
+Bountiful; He was the first bishop of the ward. There they had the
+famous experience with the crickets. He devised the broad paddles, as
+well as the oft mentioned methods, to try to exterminate them; and then
+came the Gulls. He raised a crop in '48 and '49 there; also he dug the
+first well in Bountiful, and struck water so suddenly as to be drowned
+by it before he could be hauled up. In the fall of '49 he was called to
+go with "Father" Morley's company to colonize the valley of Sanpitch.
+
+He arrived at the future site of Manti November 19, 1849. The journey
+from Salt Lake City to the Sanpete Valley occupied one month, breaking
+new roads, fixing fords, and building dug-ways. The forty families
+worked industriously, sometimes only movin' forward two or three miles.
+One six mile stretch in Salt Creek Canyon occupied them a whole week.
+The only settlement between Salt Lake and Manti was Provo, consisting
+of a little fort of green cottonwood logs.
+
+After getting through Salt Creek Canyon in two weeks, they worked to
+their upmost strength for it began snowing on them there; and it was
+far from being a desirable winter's home. That winter was one of the
+hardest with the heaviest snow fall for many succeeding years. Arriving
+at their destination, camp was made by the Morley's company on the
+south side of Temple Hill which was a sheltered spot. Now they must do
+their upmost in canyons, raising log cabins, sowing lumber on the saw
+pit, which was the most primitive of saw mills.
+
+Orville was an expert at hewing and squaring the logs with his ax, and
+making everything as comfortable as possible in their home. All winter
+long they had to help the cattle find feed by shovelling snow in the
+meadows, as the snow lay four feet deep. It was May before the snow was
+gone so that the men could begin to clear the ground and begin their
+farming. Then there came irrigating ditches to dig and the usual labor
+of clearing, plowing, and planting.
+
+Between their individual duties, they found time to build log school,
+and a bowery, and then a meeting house. They felt that it was quite
+commodious. Here in the long evenings of the winter of 1850-51 Cox
+taught a singing and dancing school. Sarah Potty was the first school
+of Ma'am. In the winter of 1850-51, school was taught by Jesse W. Fox.
+In 1850 he was elected Alderman.
+
+O.S. Cox married Mary Allen about 1854; he served many years as the
+first counselor to Bishop Lowry; and he was captain of the Militia. He
+was very energetic in the performance of his duties, especially through
+the protracted period of the Walker war. He married Eliza Losee about
+1857-59. He served under Major Higgins, and old Battalion veteran.
+
+To be sure, nobody appreciated more than he did a liberty pole, and all
+that it typified, so he was commissioned to find one at the earliest
+convenient moment for Manti; this he did in 1850. Ten years he labored
+faithfully for the upbuilding of Manti, and then like Boon and
+Crockett, "he wanted more elbow room" and moved to Fairview, Sanpete
+County. He also moved part of his family to Gunnison (Hog Wallow, it
+was called then) and raised two crops there. In February 1864, he moved
+part of his family to Glenwood, built a cabin there and raised a crop.
+He sold out and moved elsewhere to engineer ditches. He engineered over
+forty ditches in Utah and Nevada, as near as his children can remember
+in 1910, as well as doing all other kinds of pioneer work.
+
+In 1865 he was advised by Lorenzo Snow to move to the Muddy, a branch
+of the Rio Virgin, a stream running through Moappa Valley, to assist in
+surveying and making irrigation ditches there. The soil was very rich,
+but there was so much quick sand that it made it almost impossible to
+build a dam that hold or to irrigate without washing away the soil.
+So he went south into southeastern Nevada. He thought that was the
+route the saints would travel going back to Jackson County, so he was
+that much nearer the final home. He labored here for six years, and
+engineered a number of dams that would hold against the floods and
+treachery of quicksand. They had only poor home made plows and a few
+other tools to work with, and no cement or modern building material. He
+also built cabins and cleared and tilled the land there. In clearing
+the land, the "Mesquite" brush root was the hardest digging they
+encountered. St. Thomas, St. Joseph and Overton, the 3 towns in the
+valley were partly of his building. The first trip, he took with him
+his third wife, Eliza, and her one child, a little two year old girl;
+and Walter, a 14 year old son of the first wife, Elvira. The following
+year, after crops were in and the spring work done, he returned to
+Fairview after another section of his family--Mary, the second wife,
+and her five children. From that time on O.S. Cox's life is a volume of
+tragedy and hardship. The life in the burning desert is always more or
+less unpleasant, and pioneering is excessively hard. And he was past
+fifty years old.
+
+During his absence, Eliza's little girl Lucinda, took her little pail
+to the creek to get some water; the quicksand caused her to slip and
+she was drowned. They took her out not very far from down the stream,
+but could not resuscitate her. The poor mother, among strangers and
+homesick, was unconsolable in her sorrow. Walter, seeing his little
+pet companion stricken in all her robust beauty and health, was wild
+with grief, and could not be comforted. After a time the neighbors
+concluded that Walter would die if some change did not come to get
+him to sleep and eat. They told Eliza of their fears for him, and so
+the disconsolate mother tried to hide her own grief and comfort him.
+It is said it was the saddest thing the woman there ever saw, to see
+the brave mother and the boy trying to comfort each other in their
+loneliness. Fifty years later, it was a nightmare to Walt.
+
+Almer, Laun and Walt all went to the Muddy in 1867, the year Mary was
+moved. In 1868 Philmon, fifth son of Elvira, a very promising lad of
+thirteen, died of appendicitis, at that time called inflammation of the
+bowels. Then Mary lost a little daughter, Lucy for whom she grieved
+many years.
+
+Financially the prospects were more promising than ever before. They
+had planted a large orchard, and a vineyard that was just coming into
+bearing. Then a new line was run between the states of Utah and Nevada,
+which gave this section to Nevada, and Nevada demanded back taxes;
+and they amounted to more than their farms and houses were worth. So
+Brigham Young said, "Come home to Utah." They came.
+
+Elvira, with Orville a grown son, Walter 17, Tryphena, Amasa and
+Euphrasia, returned to the old home in Fairview, leaving all of their
+beautiful peach orchards and vineyards, fields of cotton, cane, wheat
+and the comfortable houses in the most fertile of lands, which they had
+subdued and made to "Blossom as the Rose" by seven long years of toil
+and privation. They rendered absolute obedience to their great leader;
+and so they hitched up their teams, took their most choice belongings,
+and wended their way back to Utah, leaving their settlement and farms
+to pay Nevada the back taxes it had demanded.
+
+One company which had thoroughly learned the trick of building a dam
+in quick sand of the desert, stopped at an abandoned settlement in
+Long Valley, Kane County. O.S. Cox and sons began the engineering of
+irrigation canals and dams, and so on, as they had cleaned and repaired
+the deserted cabins, so that they offered partial shelter from the
+February storms. The people named this town Mt. Carmel.
+
+When the former settlers learned that they had builded dams that would
+stand, they came back and said, "Get Out, this is ours," So the weary
+pioneers moved again, this time only a few miles farther up the valley
+into a pleasant narrow cove, and went to work to build more dams, more
+ditches and more cabins. In one place the water had to be carried
+across a gulley, and it gave more trouble than all the rest of the
+canal. After a while Cox, without comment or consultation, went into
+the timber and found a very large log and felled it, made of it a huge
+trough, placed it across the gully and it reached far enough to secure
+a solid bed above the quicksand. Thirty years later, this "Cox Trough"
+was still doing successful service as a flume.
+
+In 1875, when Brigham strongly taught the principle of Cooperation,
+this company of saints were organized by unanimous consent into the
+united order of Enoch, and named their town Orderville. Their little
+property, mostly cattle, horses and wagons, were owned jointly. Twelve
+years father labored joyously and unselfishly in the "Order". The town
+grew and thrived; the arts, schools and trades were remarkably well
+represented by the young. Prosperity and a measure of plenty was there,
+in spite of the fact that there were more infirm people in that ward
+than any ward in the church.
+
+Then dissatisfaction and disunion came, and the "Order" broke up.
+There was not a great deal of property to divide, although some people
+came out with more property with others, according to the amount they
+consecrated in. Mary and Eliza, father's second and third wives, each
+received a team and wagon. Mary and her family located in Huntington,
+Emery County, Eliza and her family in Tropic, Garfield County. Father
+well along in years, and broken in health, could do little more than
+advise his sons. Eliza was dying of cancer. In 1886 Orville S. Cox came
+to Fairview to the best-provided for branch of his family. One year he
+remained an invalid, and on July 4, 1888 he laid his exhausted body
+down to rest. The passing was quiet and peaceful. His two wives Elvira
+and Mary and many of his descendants were with him at the last.
+
+The following are some of the thriving towns O.S. Cox assisted in
+founding: Lima, Ill.; Pisgah, Iowa; Salt Lake City, Bountiful, Manti,
+Gunnuson, Fairview, Glenwood of Utah; St. Thomas, St. Joseph, Overton
+of Nevada; Mt. Carmel, Orderville and Tropic of Utah.
+
+If man ever earned his salvation, surely O.S. Cox did. Always found
+in the van where the hardest work was to be done, and if he advanced
+the cause one iota, no matter at what loss, or cost to himself, he
+considered he had been eminently successful. Never was there a murmur
+from him.
+
+To illustrate the ingenuity of O.S. Cox's ditch making, here is the
+story of the Pig Plow as told by an old settler of Fairview, Pappas
+Brady.
+
+"When the ditch was first laid out that was afterwards called "City
+Ditch", every man and boy was called on to come and work on it every
+day til it would carry water. This was in the spring, and it had to
+be finished before the fields were ready to be plowed and planted.
+The men turned out well with teams and plows, picks and crow bars and
+shovels. There was a rocky point at the head of the ditch to be ut
+through, and it was hard pan, about like cement. Couldn't be touched by
+plow, no siree; now more than nothing. We was just prying the gravel
+loose with picks and crowbars, and looked like it would take us weeks
+to do six rods. Yes, six weeks. Cox looked at us working and sweating,
+and never offered to lift a finger. No sir, never done a tap; just
+looked and then without saying a word, he turned around and walked off.
+Yes, sir, walked off! Well of all the mad bunch of men you ever saw
+I guess he was about the maddest. Of course, we didn't swear; we was
+Mormons and the Bishop was there, but we watched him go and one of the
+men says, "Well, I didn't think Cox was that kind of a feller." His
+going discouraged the rest of us, just took the heart out of us. But
+of course we plugged away pretendin' to work the rest of the day, and
+dragged back the next morning."
+
+"We weren't near all there when here came Cox. I don't just remember
+whether it was four yoke of oxen or six or eight, for I was just a boy,
+but it was a long string and they was every one of a good pulling ox.
+And they was hitched on to a plow a plumb new kind, yes sir, a new kind
+of plow. It was a great big pitch pine log, about fourteen feet long,
+and may have been eighteen, with a limb stickin' down like as if my arm
+and hand was the log and my thumb the limb; he had bored a hole through
+the log, and put a crow bar down in front of the knob; and cross ways
+along the log back of the limb he bored holes and put stout oak sticks
+through spikes. They were the plow handles; and he had eight man got
+ahold of them handles find hold the plow level and he loaded a bunch of
+men along on that log, and then he spoke to his oxen."
+
+"Great Scott, ye oter seen the gravel fly, and ye oter heard us fellers
+laugh and holler! Well, sir, he plowed up and down that ditch line four
+or five times and that ditch was made, practically made. All that the
+rest of us had to do was to shovel out the loose stuff; he done more in
+half a day than all the rest of us could a done in six weeks."
+
+"Why didn't he tell his plans the first thing, so we wouldn't be so
+discouraged, and hate him so? Why, cause he knew it wouldn't do a might
+of good to talk. He wasn't the Bishop; and even if he had been, plans
+like that would sure be hooted at by half the fellers. No, siree! His
+way was the best when a bunch of men and a thing a workin' they see
+believe; yes, sir, seein' is believin."
+
+  The Pioneer Mother
+
+  Upon a jolting wagon sent she rode
+  Across the trackless prairie to the west,
+  Or trudged behind the oxen with a goad,
+  A sleeping child clasped tightly to her breast,
+  Frail flesh rebelling, but spirit never--
+  What tales the dark could tell of woman's tears!!--
+  Her bravery incentive to endeavor;
+  Her laughter spurring strong men past their fears.
+
+  O to her valor and her comeliness
+  A commonwealth today owes its white domes
+  Of State, its fields, its highways, and its homes--
+  Its cities wrested from the wilderness.
+  Its bones in memory above the hand
+  That gentled, woman-wise, a savage land.
+
+  --Ethol Romig Fuller
+
+
+
+Transcriber's Note
+
+The original pamphlet contains many images that were omitted in this
+electronic version. Scans of the original work can be found at
+https://archive.org/details/biographicalsket00sidw. The poem "The
+Pioneer Mother," originally presented in a sidebar, has been moved
+to the end of the work for improved readability on typical e-reader
+devices.
+
+
+
+
+
+End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Orville Southerland Cox, Pioneer of
+1847, by Adelia B. Cox Sidwell
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diff --git a/50322.zip b/old/50322.zip
index de73a1b..de73a1b 100644
--- a/50322.zip
+++ b/old/50322.zip