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diff --git a/old/51357-0.txt b/old/51357-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 10cf19e..0000000 --- a/old/51357-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13899 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, The Autobiography of Phineas Pett, by Phineas -Pett, Edited by William Gordon Perrin - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: The Autobiography of Phineas Pett - - -Author: Phineas Pett - -Editor: William Gordon Perrin - -Release Date: March 4, 2016 [eBook #51357] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF PHINEAS -PETT*** - - -E-text prepared by MWS, John Campbell, and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team (http://www.pgdp.net) from page images generously made -available by Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries -(https://archive.org/details/toronto) - - - -Note: Project Gutenberg also has an HTML version of this - file which includes the original illustrations. - See 51357-h.htm or 51357-h.zip: - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51357/51357-h/51357-h.htm) - or - (http://www.gutenberg.org/files/51357/51357-h.zip) - - - Images of the original pages are available through - Internet Archive/Canadian Libraries. See - https://archive.org/details/autobiographyofp00pettuoft - - -Transcriber's note: - - Text enclosed by underscores is in italics (_italics_). - - Text enclosed by equal signs is in bold face (=bold=). - - A carat character is used to denote superscription. A - single character following the carat is superscripted - (example: A^o). Multiple superscripted characters are - enclosed by curly brackets (example: vij^{mo.}). - - As noted in the Preface, some [missing words] in the - text have been added inside brackets [ ] in this edition. - Many archaic and nautical terms are explained in the - Footnotes. - - More detail can be found at the end of the book. - - - - - -Publications of the Navy Records Society -VOL. LI. - -AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF PHINEAS PETT - - -THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF PHINEAS PETT - -Edited by W. G. Perrin - - - - - - - -[Illustration: (publisher's colophon)] - -Printed for the Navy Records Society -MDCCCCXVIII - - - - -THE COUNCIL - -OF THE - -NAVY RECORDS SOCIETY - -1917-1918 - - -PATRON - -THE KING - - -PRESIDENT - -THE RIGHT HON. LORD GEORGE HAMILTON, G.C.S.I. - - -VICE-PRESIDENTS - - CORBETT, SIR JULIAN S., F.S.A. - - CUSTANCE, ADMIRAL SIR REGINALD N., G.C.B., K.C.M.G., C.V.O., D.C.L. - - FIRTH, PROFESSOR C. H., LL.D., F.B.A. - - GRAY, ALBERT, K.C., C.B. - - -COUNCILLORS - - ATKINSON, C. T. - - BETHELL, ADMIRAL HON. SIR A.E., K.C.B., K.C.M.G. - - BRINDLEY, HAROLD H. - - CALLENDER, GEOFFREY A. R. - - DARTMOUTH, THE EARL OF, K.C.B. - - DESART, THE EARL OF, K.C.B. - - DEWAR, COMMANDER ALFRED C., R.N. - - GOUGH-CALTHORPE, VICE-ADMIRAL THE HON. SIR SOMERSET A., K.C.B., C.V.O. - - GUINNESS, CAPTAIN HON. RUPERT E. C., C.B., C.M.G., M.P., - R.N.V.R., AD. C. - - KENYON, SIR FREDERIC G., K.C.B., D.Litt., F.B.A. - - LEYLAND, JOHN - - MARSDEN, R. G. - - MILFORD HAVEN, ADMIRAL THE MARQUESS OF, P.C., G.C.B., G.C.V.O., - K.C.M.G., LL.D., AD. C. - - MURRAY, JOHN, C.V.O. - - NEWBOLT, SIR HENRY - - OTTLEY, REAR-ADMIRAL SIR CHARLES L., K.C.M.G., C.B., M.V.O. - - PARRY, SIR C. HUBERT, BT., C.V.O. - - POLLEN, ARTHUR H. - - RICHMOND, CAPTAIN HERBERT W., R.N. - - ROBINSON, COMMANDER CHARLES N., R.N. - - SANDERSON, LORD, G.C.B., K.C.M.G., I.S.O. - - SLADE, ADMIRAL SIR EDMOND J. W., K.C.I.E., K.C.V.O. - - SMITH, COMMODORE AUBREY C. H., M.V.O., R.N. - - TANNER, J. R., Litt.D. - - -SECRETARY - -LIEUT.-COLONEL W. G. PERRIN, O.B.E., R.A.F., Admiralty, S.W. - - -HON. TREASURER - -SIR W. GRAHAM GREENE, K.C.B., Ministry of Munitions, S.W. - - - - -THE COUNCIL of the NAVY RECORDS SOCIETY wish it to be distinctly -understood that they are not answerable for any opinions or -observations that may appear in the Society's publications. For these -the responsibility rests entirely with the Editors of the several -works. - - - - -[Illustration: (ornate section header)] - - - - -PREFACE - - -The manuscript in which Phineas Pett has recorded the story of his -life from his birth in 1570 to the end of September 1638, consisted -originally of sixty-nine uniform quarto sheets, of which the 52nd is -now lost, together with the bottom of the 14th. The handwriting is -that of Phineas throughout, but marginal references on the first few -pages and a note at the end--'The life of Commissioner Pett's father -whose place he did enjoy'--have been added subsequently by Samuel -Pepys, no doubt when he was making the transcript referred to below. - -The first paragraph is written on a separate sheet, which, unlike -the rest, has no writing on the back, and is followed by a series -of subtraction sums of the form 1612 - 1570 = 42 giving the age -of Phineas for each year from 1612 to 1640. From the differences -apparent in the figures and ink it is clear that these calculations -were made year by year from the time that Phineas was forty-two until -he reached the age of seventy. - -A close inspection of the internal construction, the handwriting, -and of the ink used, leads to the conclusion that the body of the -manuscript, in the form in which it has descended to us, was written -up, not at short intervals, but in sections at comparatively long -intervals of time. The first and largest of these, written apparently -in 1612, narrates the events down to September 1610, and stops at the -word 'ordered' on line 15 of page 80 below. The remainder[1] of that -paragraph continues on a fresh sheet in a smaller handwriting and -different ink, and from that point the ample margin of the earlier -pages is abandoned and a small one ruled off with lead pencil. The -top line of this page is also ruled, and from this page to the end of -the writing the use of these pencil lines persists. The next break is -in July 1611 (page 92), where Pett reiterates the statement that he -was sent for by Prince Henry. Another break in the writing seems to -occur in September 1613; and a very perceptible one, with change of -ink, occurs in 1625 at 'All April' (page 134). The final section, as -indicated by a further change of ink, begins in February 1631: 'The -23rd of February' (page 146). The various anachronisms observable in -the text show that these sections were written up some considerable -time after the events occurred. Thus, the references to 'Sir' John -Pennington in 1627 and 1628 make it clear that the events of those -years were not written up before 1634. - -From the great accuracy of the dates given (which have been -frequently tested from contemporary sources), it is clear that -Phineas kept a diary in which events were recorded as they occurred, -and from which the narrative was compiled. He appears to have -commenced this diary on going to Chatham in June 1600, when precise -dates begin to replace the vague 'about,' 'toward the end,' &c., of -the earlier paragraphs. - -The narrative stops abruptly in 1638, apparently with the sentence -unfinished, for there is no mark of punctuation after the last word. -In 1640, when the final section seems to have been written, Pett was -an old man, and it is probable that, having been interrupted at this -point, the fast-gathering troubles of the State diverted his mind -from the subject, or left him without sufficient energy or leisure to -pursue it. - -It will be noticed that towards the end the composition becomes more -slovenly and the omission of words more frequent, as though the task -had become burdensome and the author anxious to have done with it. - -Pepys copied the whole of the manuscript into the first volume of his -Miscellany with the following preface: - - 'A Journal of Phineas Pett, Esquire, Commissioner of the Navy - and father to Peter Pett, late Commissioner of the same at - Chatham, viz: from his birth A^o 1570 to the arrival of the Royal - Sovereign, by him then newly built, at her moorings at Chatham; - transcribed from the original written all with his own hand and - lent me to that purpose by his grandson Mr. Phineas, son to - Captain Phineas Pett.' - -The manuscript afterwards came into the possession of George Jackson, -who was Secretary of the Navy Board in 1758 and Second Secretary of -the Admiralty from 1766 to 1782. Sir George Duckett (he had changed -his surname in 1797) died in 1822, and ten years later his library, -including a very valuable collection of naval manuscripts, was sold -by auction. Fortunately the manuscripts were purchased by the British -Museum after being bought in at the sale; the volume (No. IV) in -which this manuscript was contained becoming Additional MS. 9298. A -commonplace book (Additional MS. 9295) containing, among copies of -various naval documents, an abbreviated version was purchased at the -same time. - -The copy of the autobiography most generally known is the early -eighteenth-century transcript in the Harleian Collection (Harl. -6279). It is to this copy that writers usually refer, possibly -because it is mentioned in the paper[2] published in _Archæologia_ in -1796, although the garbled extracts there given are stated to have -been taken 'from another copy' and seem, in fact, to have been taken -from the original.[3] A further reason for the preference generally -shown for the Harleian copy may be its more modern and more clerkly -handwriting. - -The Harleian transcript is not a good one. It contains few omissions, -none of great importance, but mistranscriptions of individual words -are very numerous and have reduced the text to nonsense in several -places.[4] It may seem strange that writers should be content to -quote passages that were evidently incorrect, without looking at -another copy, which was easily to be found; but whatever the -reason may be, the fact is that hitherto the original has remained -unidentified as such. - -The best transcript is that made by Pepys; but even he had difficulty -in deciphering some of the words, although the handwriting of Pett -is, on the whole, very clear and consistent. - -In preparing this edition, the Pepysian and Harleian copies have been -collated and the missing parts of the original made good by this -means; but as the numerous inversions of form and mistakes of reading -in these copies have no general interest--and are of no authority in -presence of the original--there is no need to specify them in detail. - -Considerable licence has been taken with the punctuation of the -sentences, which is entirely without system in the original, and -the spelling has been modernised in accordance with the rule of the -Society, but the composition has been left otherwise untouched. -Where some word is necessary to complete the sense it has been -added in square brackets [], and the parts now missing from the -original, which have been supplied from the transcripts, have been -printed in italics. The legal year in England, prior to 1752, did -not commence until the 25th March, and Pett usually gives his dates -by this reckoning, but in one or two instances he writes as though -the year had begun on 1st January and ended on 31st December. To -avoid misunderstanding, it may be stated that the dates in the -Introduction, headings, and notes are given according to the Julian -year, commencing on 1st January. - -Pett invariably wrote and signed 'Phinees' but it has been thought -better to adhere to the spelling 'Phineas,' which appears from time -to time in documents from 1605 onwards and has been universally -adopted by modern writers. - -In the Introduction an attempt has been made: first, to trace -the rise of the Master Shipwright as an official of the Crown -and to consider his relation to the profession of shipwrights -generally; secondly, to trace the origin of the Pett family and its -ramifications down to the date of Phineas' death; thirdly, to throw -additional light on the events narrated in the manuscript from such -original sources as are accessible. In asking the indulgence of the -reader towards the evident shortcomings of this attempt, the Editor -would plead that most of the work has had to be carried out under -great difficulties in scanty moments of leisure. Despite the generous -assistance of Mr. Vincent Redstone of Woodbridge, whose extensive -knowledge of Suffolk genealogy has been brought to bear on the -problem, it has not been found possible to trace the Pett family to -its original location, but it is hoped that sufficient has been done -to render this task more easy to some future investigator. - -In conclusion the Editor has to thank many friends for the help -readily given, more especially Dr. Tanner, who has read the proofs -and given the Introduction the benefit of his criticism, and Mr. G. -E. Manwaring, of the London Library, who has rendered invaluable -help in clearing up many obscure points, and he is indebted to Mrs -Scott for the loan of the MS. treatise on shipbuilding referred to -in the Introduction. The Editor has also had the great advantage -of discussing with Mr. L. G. Carr Laughton the technical questions -raised in connexion with the Prince Royal and the Sovereign of the -Seas. - - W. G. P. - - _December 1918._ - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] Probably rewritten when the narrative was taken up again. - -[2] By the Rev. S. Denne, _Archæologia_ xii. p. 217. - -[3] The words 'and ourselves to sit with the Officers' (page 144), -not in the Harleian copy, are in the printed version. - -[4] _E.g._ 'Articles' for 'Arches,' p. 14; 'enemy' for 'injury,' p. -26; 'tarried' for 'arrived,' p. 25; 'Frank Moore' for 'Tranckmore,' -p. 33; 'perceived' for 'protested,' p. 61; 'care' for 'ease,' p. 104; -'Warwick,' for 'Woolwich' p. 142, &c., &c. - - - - -[Illustration: (ornate section header)] - - - - -CONTENTS - - - PAGE - - INTRODUCTION - - The Shipwrights xv - - The Family of Pett xlii - - Phineas Pett lii - - - THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY 1 - - - APPENDICES - - I. Grant to Phineas Pett 173 - - II. Petition of Shipwrights 175 - - III. Charter to Shipwrights' Company (1605) 176 - - IV. Charter to Shipwrights' Company (1612) 179 - - V. New Building the Prince Royal 207 - - VI. Petition to the Admiralty (1631) 210 - - VII. Letter to Buckingham (1623) 212 - - VIII. Protest against Building the Sovereign 214 - - IX. Ships Built or Rebuilt by Phineas Pett 217 - - X. The Arms of Pett 218 - - - INDEX 219 - - - - -INTRODUCTION - - -1.--_The Shipwrights._ - -It might be supposed that so ancient a craft as that of shipbuilding -would have left some trace in contemporary records of its activities, -the methods of its technique, and the personalities of those engaged -in it. Yet although references to ships and shipping are frequent in -the records of this country from the earliest times, and although the -shipwright was a distinct class of workman at least as early as the -tenth century--probably much earlier--no record of the methods in -which he set about the design and construction of ships earlier than -the end of the sixteenth century appears to have survived. - -It may be presumed that those of our earlier kings who possessed a -navy royal, and did not rely entirely on the support of the Cinque -Ports and of the merchant shipping, would include among their -servants some skilled man to perform the functions of a master -shipwright, and if not to design, at any rate to look to the upkeep -of the king's ships and to watch the construction in private yards -of those intended for the royal service. But if the Clerk of the -Ships, who first comes into notice in the reign of John, had any such -subordinate, his existence before the end of the reign of Henry V -is not known to us. It is, however, possible that, on occasion, this -duty was performed by the king's carpenters, whose principal function -seems to have been to keep the woodwork of the royal castles in -repair. In 1337 forty oaks required in the construction of a galley, -then being built at Hull for Edward III under the superintendence -of William de la Pole, a prominent merchant of that town, were -supplied by the Prior of Blyth, who was directed to hand them over -to William de Kelm (Kelham), the king's carpenter (_carpentario -nostro_).[5] The accounts for this galley have not survived, and -there is no means of ascertaining whether William de Kelm had -anything to do with the actual construction. Another galley and a -barge were at the same time being built at Lynn under Thomas and -William de Melcheburn. The accounts[6] show that the master carpenter -(_magister carpentariorum_) of the galley was John Kech, who was paid -at the rate of sixpence[7] a day and had under him six carpenters -at fivepence a day, six 'clynckers' at fourpence, six holders at -threepence, and four labourers (_servientes_) at twopence halfpenny. -The master carpenter of the barge was Ralph atte Grene, who received -the same rate of pay as Kech. Neither Kech nor Grene appear as the -King's servants. - -In 1421 the 'King's servant' John Hoggekyns, 'master carpenter of the -king's ships,' was granted by letters patent a pension of fourpence -a day, 'because in labouring long about them he is much shaken and -deteriorated in body,' and this grant was confirmed in December of -the following year on the accession of Henry VI. In 1416-18 Hoggekyns -had built the Grace Dieu, 'if not the largest, probably the best -equipped ship yet built in England.'[8] - -With the sale of most of the royal navy on the death of Henry V, the -need for a 'master carpenter of the King's Ships' must have passed -away, and no trace of any further appointment of this character has -been found for over a century. The construction of the Regent in 1486 -was entrusted by Henry VII to the Master of the Ordnance, and it -seems probable that the design of the Henri Grace à Dieu, built in -1514, was the work of the Clerk of the Ships, Robert Brygandin,[9] -although the superintendence of her building was entrusted to William -Bond (or Bound), who is described in 1519 as 'late clerk of the -poultry, surveyor, and payer of expenses for the construction of the -Henri Grace à Dieu and the three other galleys.'[10] - -It is not until the later years of Henry VIII's reign that steps -appear to have been taken to establish in the royal service a -permanent body of men skilled in the art of shipbuilding. From the -earliest times of which records exist it had been the practice to -send out agents to the various ports to impress the shipwrights, -caulkers, sawyers, and other workmen required for the construction -and repair of ships of the Royal Navy. This system was no doubt -satisfactory while the merchant ship and the royal ship presented -no essential points of difference; the latter were, indeed, often -let out to hire for mercantile purposes. But when the ship-of-war -began to carry a larger number of guns than the trading ship found -necessary for her protection--a change that may be roughly dated -from the end of the fifteenth century--the methods of construction -began to diverge, and the old system of casual impressment must have -tended to become less and less satisfactory; so that when Henry, -after remodelling the material of the Navy, turned, at the end of his -reign, to the improvement of the Administration he no doubt saw the -necessity of attracting permanently to his service men capable of -directing the art of shipbuilding, as applied to ships of war, in the -new channels in which it was henceforth destined to run. - -Up to this point, the position of the shipwright--even of the Master -Shipwright--was not an exalted one. He was classed among 'servants' -and 'artificers,' and his pay was made the subject of legislation -expressly designed to keep the wages of those classes as low as -possible. In 'Naval Accounts and Inventories of the Reign of Henry -VII, 1485-8 and 1495-7,' Mr. Oppenheim has edited material which -illustrates the various rates paid to shipwrights, and has pointed -out that these rates of pay 'had remained practically unaltered since -the days of Henry V.' An Act of Parliament of 1495[11] laid down the -following scale of payments:-- - - -_From Candlemas to Michaelmas._ - - With meat Without - and drink, meat and drink, - a day a day - - Master Ship Carpenter with - charge of work and men - under him 5_d._ 7_d._ - - Other Ship Carpenter called - a Hewer 4_d._ 6_d._ - - An able Clincher 3_d._ 5_d._ - - Holder 2_d._ 4_d._ - - Master Caulker 4_d._ 6_d._ - - A mean Caulker 3_d._ 5_d._ - - Caulker labouring by the - tide, for as long as he may - labour above water and - beneath water, shall not - exceed for every tide 4_d._ -- - -_From Michaelmas to Candlemas._ - - Master Shipwright 4_d._ 6_d._ - - Hewer 3_d._ 5_d._ - - Able Clincher 2½_d._ 4½_d._ - - Holder 1½_d._ 3_d._ - - Master Caulker 3_d._ 5_d._ - - A mean Caulker 2½_d._ 4½_d._ - -This Act was repealed in 1496, but the same scale was fixed in 1514 -by an Act[12] that was not repealed until 1562. - -It will be observed that the highest rate under these Acts is -sevenpence a day, although in several instances in the accounts[13] -referred to above a Master Shipwright was paid eightpence a day. - -When Henry VIII instituted[14] the practice of granting by letters -patent an annuity for life to certain shipwrights performing the -duties of the office known later as 'the Master Shipwright,' he fixed -the daily rate upon the basis set forth above, but it must be borne -in mind that (as will be shown later) this did not represent the -total emoluments of that official, who was in effect raised, both as -to emoluments and status, above the class in which he had formerly -been placed. - -The first of the succession of officials thus established by Henry -appears to have been James Baker, who by letters patent[15] dated -the 20th May 1538 was granted, as from Michaelmas 1537, an annuity -for life of fourpence a day, the lowest rate of a Master Shipwright, -or Master Ship Carpenter as he was alternatively called by the Acts -referred to. The entry in the Roll is of some interest; unlike the -later grants, this grant is not based upon past services, but solely -upon services which are to be rendered in the future,[16] and the -authority for the letters patent is not the usual writ of privy seal, -but the direct motion of the King: 'per ipsum Regem.' In December -1544 new letters patent were issued,[17] in which Baker is described -as a 'Shipwright' and the annuity (_annuitatem sive annualem -redditum_) fixed at eightpence a day. In January of the same year, -Peter Pett, 'Shipwright,' had by letters patent been granted a -wage and fee (_vadium et feodum_) of sixpence a day for life, as -from Michaelmas 1543, 'in consideration of his good and faithful -service done and to be done'; from which it appears that Peter Pett -was already in the royal service. It is probable that the increase -in Baker's annuity was intended to mark his superior position in -relation to Pett. - -The official title of 'master shipwright' does not appear as yet -in use, for when Baker and other shipwrights were, in the next -year, sent by the Council, at the request of the Lord Admiral, to -Portsmouth to examine into the decay of one of the ships there, they -were simply described as 'Masters James Baker and others skilful -in ships.'[18] In addition to Baker and Pett, these included John -Smyth, Robert Holborn, and Richard Bull. On the 23rd April 1548 -these three latter, under the designation of 'Shipwrights,' together -with Richard Osborn, anchor-smith, 'had by bill signed by the King's -Majesty each of them 4_d._ per diem in consideration of their long -and good service and that they should instruct others in their -feats.'[19] Smyth and Holborn were hardly in the same category as -Baker and Peter Pett. They seem to have been skilled mechanics rather -than constructors or designers, and are not mentioned as having -'built' a ship, though this is perhaps due to the scantiness of the -surviving records; but the fact that the formality of letters patent -was dispensed with in connexion with this grant is significant. Bull -was, however, in May 1550 granted 12_d._ a day from Midsummer 1549 by -letters patent in the usual terms,[20] and since Peter Pett was not -granted this higher rate until April 1558,[21] in the last year of -Mary's reign, it would seem as though Bull's services were rated by -Edward VI more highly than Pett's. James Baker does not seem to have -long survived Henry VIII. Probably he died in 1549, and Bull received -Baker's annuity, since it is not likely that an additional annuity -would be created for Bull at that time, and there is no mention of -any reversion in Bull's patent. - -Little is known of Bull[22] or of another master shipwright 'William -Stephins'[23] who is mentioned in 1553 and 1558. The latter may have -been the ancestor of the Stevens[24] who built the _Warspite_ in -1596, and contested the place of Master Shipwright with Phineas. - -In 1572 Mathew Baker, son of James, succeeded to Bull's annuity. The -letters patent[25] by which the grant was made are different in form -from those above referred to, for Baker is first granted the office -of Master Shipwright[26] with all profits and emoluments pertaining -to it, which he is to hold in as ample a mode and form as 'a certain -Richard Bull, deceased,' or any other, had held such office, and -then, for the exercise of this office, he is granted the usual -annuity of 12_d._ a day for life, as from Lady Day 1572. - -In January 1584 Baker attended personally at the Exchequer and of -his free will surrendered this grant in exchange for one in similar -form[27] made out to himself and John Addey[28] with reversion to the -longer liver. The reasons why Baker thus formally adopted Addey as -his successor do not appear. However, Baker outlived him, dying in -1613, whereas Addey died in 1606 at Deptford, where he was then the -Master Shipwright. - -In July 1582 Peter Pett had appeared at the Exchequer and surrendered -his patent of 1558, receiving in exchange a joint patent,[29] in -similar terms, for himself and his eldest son, William, who was -already in the royal service as a shipwright,[30] with reversion to -the longer liver. William, however, died in 1587, two years before -his father, so that the annuity never reverted to him. In his will he -describes himself as one of her Majesty's Master Shipwrights, and -from the reference to him in the patent above referred to it seems -probable that he held the office in 1584. - -In 1587 Richard Chapman received a grant[31] of the office of -'Naupegiarius,' which was to be held on similar terms (_modo et -forma_) to those in which Peter Pett and Mathew Baker or any other -held like office, but the annuity granted with it was 20_d._ a day, -and not the usual 12_d._ Apparently this was an additional post -created especially for Chapman, and the 20_d._ indicates the rise -that had by that time taken place in the shipwrights' rates of pay. - -In July 1590 Joseph Pett was granted 12_d._ a day as from -Midsummer.[32] Presumably this was the annuity that had reverted -to the Exchequer on the death of his father in 1589, his brother -William, who had held the reversion of it, being already dead; but -the patent contains no reference to this, the grant being based upon -'his good and faithful service done and to be done in building our -ships.' Unlike those issued to Mathew Baker and Chapman, this patent -contains no reference to office and is in the earlier form. Phineas -(see p. 4) dates Joseph's succession to his father's place as Master -Shipwright in 1592, but this is evidently incorrect. - -In April 1592 Chapman died[33] at Deptford, and William Bright, one -of the Assistant Master Shipwrights, succeeded to his post and -annuity of 20_d._[34] In July 1603 Edward Stevens, who was a private -shipbuilder of some importance,[35] obtained a grant by letters -patent[36] in terms that differ from those hitherto noticed. In -consideration of service to be rendered in the future (_post-hac_), -he is granted an office of Master Shipwright for life--which office -he is to have and exercise directly one becomes vacant, in as ample -a manner as Mathew Baker, William Bright and Joseph Pett or any -other had held it--together with an annuity of 20_d._ a day for his -services. Finally the patent concludes by declaring that no one else -shall be admitted to such an office until after Stevens has been -duly appointed and installed. This was the patent that gave Phineas -such 'great discouragement' (p. 20). It is drawn up in due form, -and it is difficult to understand on what grounds it can legally -have been set aside. The patent[37] granted to Phineas in 1604 did -not revoke it, it was not recalled, and it would appear that it was -in virtue of this same patent that Stevens was finally admitted as -Master Shipwright in 1613. However, Phineas, by the all-powerful -influence of the Lord High Admiral, managed to get it set aside in -his favour on the death of his brother Joseph in 1605, 'by reason -the fee was mistaken wherein his Majesty was abused and charged with -an innovation.'[38] The 'innovation' was evidently the grant of a -'general reversion.' It would have been interesting to see the -arguments laid before the Council by Stevens when, as Phineas tells -us, he contested the decision, but unfortunately all the Council -Registers from 1603 to 1613 perished in the fire at Whitehall in -1618. There is little wonder that Stevens (who was an older man and -had, one would imagine, superior claims) bore a grudge against Pett. -Stevens appears to have been appointed as Master Shipwright in the -vacancy caused by the death of Baker in 1613. In 1614 he was Master -Shipwright at Portsmouth, and was in 1621 serving with Phineas as his -'fellow' Master Shipwright at Chatham, where he died, being succeeded -by Henry Goddard in 1626. - -On 26th April 1604 Phineas, by the assistance of the Lord High -Admiral, obtained the grant by letters patent of two chances of the -reversion of an annuity of 12_d._ a day, either that of Baker-Addey -or that of his brother Joseph. His brother was the first to die, and -at the end of the following year Phineas succeeded to the annuity -that had been in the hands of the Petts since 1544. - -It is of interest to note that the patent was not of itself -sufficient to enable the patentee to enter into the office of Master -Shipwright; the Lord High Admiral's warrant was also necessary. A -specimen of such a warrant has been preserved in the State Papers[39] -in the case of Goddard, who succeeded Stevens in 1626, having held a -reversion by patent since 1620, and runs as follows:-- - - Whereas we have received certain knowledge of the death of Edward - Stevens late one of his Majesty's Master Shipwrights and the - necessity and importance of his Majesty's Service requireth - another man to be presently entered in his place. And forasmuch - as the bearer hereof Henry Goddard is authorised by his Majesty's - letters patents to execute the next place of a Master Shipwright - that should become void by death or otherwise. And in regard - we have had good experience of the sufficiency and honesty of - the said Henry Goddard and that the said place of one of his - Majesty's Master Shipwrights is granted to him by his Majesty's - letters patents under the great seal of England. These are - therefore to will and require you to cause the said Henry Goddard - to be entered one of his Majesty's Master Shipwrights with such - allowances as is usual. - - Hereof we require you not to fail. And for your so doing this - shall be your warrant. - - Dated the 16 of September 1626. - - J. COKE. - - To our very loving friend Peter Buck, Esq., Clerk of his - Majesty's Check at Chatham or his deputy. - -The Lord High Admiral's records have long since disappeared, and in -the State Papers for the period with which we are concerned very few -documents remain of the bulk of naval records that must once have -existed. This one is therefore of considerable interest on account of -the light which it throws upon the very independent position of the -Lord High Admiral in relation to the Crown: it may be doubted whether -any other great officer of State was in a position of such authority -that he could presume to ratify a grant that had already passed the -Great Seal. - -At the time when Phineas became a Master Shipwright, the ordinary -wages of the post, paid by the Treasurer of the Navy, were 2_s._ a -day; to this was added the Exchequer fee or annuity of 12_d._ (or in -the case of Bright 20_d._) a day. Besides these Mathew Baker received -a pension from the Exchequer of £40 a year granted by writ of Privy -Seal, said to be 'in recompense of his service after the building of -the Merhonour'; a concession that at a later period[40] was extended -to Phineas. Thus, at that period, the total yearly emoluments of -Mathew Baker were £94, 15_s._; of Bright £66, 18_s._ 4_d._; and of -Phineas Pett £54, 15_s._; while the East India Company paid Burrell, -their Master Shipwright, £200. After making allowance for the -difference in the value of money at the beginning of the seventeenth -century and its present (or rather pre-war) value,[41] it is clear -that these were inadequate emoluments for so important a post, and it -is not surprising that many of the Master Shipwrights kept private -shipbuilding yards,[42] while all added to their income at the -expense of the Crown in ways that were very irregular and constantly -gave rise to scandal. Probably none was more adept in this art than -Phineas himself. - -In addition to the Master Shipwrights receiving an additional -allowance from the Exchequer under letters patent, who seem to -have been known as the 'principal' Master Shipwrights, there were -others who, although they were never fortunate enough to succeed to -an Exchequer annuity, performed the duties of the post, to which, -apparently, they were admitted by warrant from the Lord High Admiral -before their reversions under letters patent fell due. In this -category were William Pett and Addey. - -The relationship between the royal shipwrights and the commercial -shipbuilders was at all times very close. Not only did the former -engage freely in commercial business, but they joined the latter in -attempting to regulate the shipbuilding industry of the country. An -undated petition of both classes of shipwrights for incorporation -occurs among the State Papers of 1578.[43] No answer seems to -have been given to it, but as there is a 'brief' of a patent for -shipwrights dated 1592 mentioned in the calendar of Salisbury -MSS.,[44] it is clear that the proposal subsequently received -consideration, although the matter did not come to fruition until -thirteen years later. - -All record of the steps that preceded the grant of the Charter -of 1605[45] appears to be lost. It is not probable that the aged -Nottingham would have moved in the matter without strong pressure -from below, and we can only surmise that the officers of the company -thereby incorporated were the prime movers in the agitation which led -to its being granted. - -It will be observed that the petition of 1578 is based upon the -alleged need for regulating the pay, discipline, and training of -the ordinary shipwrights, now increasing rapidly in number with the -increase of the mercantile marine. The arguments for granting the -Charter of 1605, as set forth in the preamble, are two: first, that -all ships, both royal and merchant, were built neither strongly nor -well; secondly, that many of the shipwrights were not sufficiently -skilful. The remedy proposed for this state of affairs was the -formation of a corporation or trade union, of which all persons -engaged in shipbuilding in England and Wales were to be compelled -to become members. The government of the corporation--and therefore -of the whole shipbuilding industry of the country--was placed in -the hands of a Master, four Wardens, and twelve Assistants. Baker, -as the most noted shipbuilder of the period, was rightly made -the Master; the wardenships were divided between the remaining -two master-shipwrights and two of the most prominent private -shipbuilders; the twelve assistantships were divided as follows: -Phineas Pett, Addey, and Apslyn, from the royal dockyards; four -shipbuilders of the neighbourhood of London; and one each from -Woodbridge, Ipswich, Bristol, Southampton, and Yarmouth. The omission -of any representative from Hull or Newcastle is noteworthy. - -No record remains to show what effect this charter had; probably very -little, if one may judge from the absence of any record of complaints -against it, although the documentary remains of the first ten years -of James I's reign are so very scanty that no great reliance can be -placed upon this argument. - -In 1612 another charter[46] was sealed. The necessity for this was -based on the ground of the insufficiency of the powers granted by -the former charter, and no pains were spared to remedy this, so far -as words could do so. The Charter of 1605 extends over five and a -half membranes of the Patent Roll, each membrane about 30 inches -long and containing 90 lines of writing. The Charter of 1612 was a -portentous document; its enrolment extends from membrane 16(2) to -membrane 37 and contains about 15,600 words. No possible loophole was -left for any verbal quibble or evasion on the part of those who might -desire to escape from its jurisdiction; the 'all and every person and -persons being shipwrights or carpenters using the art or mystery of -shipbuilding and making ships' of the earlier charter--sufficiently -explicit, one would have thought--becomes 'all and every person -and persons being shipwrights, caulkers or ship-carpenters, or in -any sort using, exercising, practising, or professing the art, -trade, skill or mystery of building, making, trimming, dressing, -graving, launching, winding, drawing, stocking, or repairing of -ships, carvels, hoys, pinnaces, crayers, ketches, lighters, boats, -barges, wherries, or any other vessel or vessels whatsoever used -for navigation, fishing, or transportation,' and to this is added -another long clause covering accessories made of wood, from masts -downward. The other clauses of the earlier charter are also expanded -with the like object, and there are several new ones. Deputies were -to be appointed in 'every convenient and needful place' to see that -the ordinances of the Corporation were properly carried out, and to -collect dues; members might be admitted who were not shipwrights; the -admission of apprentices was regulated; dues were to be received on -account of all ships built; the secrets of the art were to be kept -from foreigners; power was given to punish those who forsook their -work or became mutinous; the Corporation was granted the reversion -of the post of Surveyor of Tonnage of new-built ships, and was to -examine each new ship to see that it was properly built 'with two -orlops at convenient distances, strong to carry ordnance aloft and -alow, with her forcastle and half deck close for fight'; provision -was to be made for the poor; and finally, no doubt on account of the -extended powers granted, the ancient liberties of the Cinque Ports -were expressly reserved to them. - -The provision for the armament of the merchant ships is of especial -interest when it is remembered that in this year the Royal Navy -reached the low water mark of neglect and inefficiency, while piracy -in British waters reached a high water mark of efficiency that -promised the speedy extinction of the peaceful trader. - -But if the general trend of the new charter was the enlargement -and consolidation of the powers of the Corporation, there is -one significant change that led in the opposite direction: the -'Shipwrights of England' became the 'Shipwrights of Redrith[47] in -the County of Surrey,' a step so retrograde that it is difficult to -imagine what possible argument could have been adduced to justify -such a change: some reason, no doubt, there was, but owing to the -loss of the records it has not been possible to discover it.[48] It -will be observed that, although the master under the new charter was -a government official, the wardens, reduced to three in number, were -all private shipbuilders, and only three of the sixteen assistants -were in the service of the State. - -In the year following the grant of the enlarged charter, the legal -position of the Corporation was further strengthened by the issue of -an Order in Council authorising the Master and Wardens to apprehend -all persons using the art of shipbuilding contrary to the Charter, -and all apprentices or journeymen departing unlawfully from their -masters;[49] and by an order of the Lord High Admiral directing -the apprehension of all persons who refused to conform to the -regulations, and their imprisonment until they complied--'they being -chiefly poor men and unable to pay a fine.'[50] - -The fact that it was necessary to recapitulate two of the penal -clauses of the charter throws light on the uncertain scope--possibly -the illegality--of the powers intended to be conferred by it. The -active life of the Corporation was one long struggle to enforce its -powers and secure its rights, not only against private individuals -or rival bodies, but even against the Officers of the Crown, who -might well have been expected to respect the provisions of its -charter. For the resistance to the Corporation did not come from -'poor men' alone. The other associated bodies of shipwrights that -were in being resented interference in their own localities. The -most important of these was the London Civic Company, known as the -Company or Brotherhood of Free Shipwrights of London, which had -been in existence as a 'trade craft' or 'guild' from an early date. -It is mentioned among the Civic Companies in 1428,[51] and was in -1456 erected into a 'fraternity in the worship of St. Simon and -St. Jude,' and in 1483 regulations were made by it relating to -apprenticeship and use of good material and workmanship. - -This company held a very obscure position among the minor -companies[52] of the City, and during the period in which its -activities concern us it seems to have been in a very low financial -condition. This, however, did not deter it from contesting the -jurisdiction of the Corporation (or 'foreign' shipwrights, as it -termed them, despite the fact that, owing to the growth of London, -it had itself long left the boundaries of the City's Liberties, and -now had its headquarters near Ratcliff Cross), and the City, not -unnaturally jealous of its own special privileges, supported the -opposition. - -At first the efforts of the free shipwrights of the City to dispute -the authority of the Corporation were unsuccessful. An attempt made -in 1632 ended in the submission of the two citizens who had been -put up to contest the matter, and their 'promise to be obedient to -the Shipwrights of Rotherhithe, saving the freedom of the City of -London';[53] a submission brought about by the fact that they were -members of both companies, although they had endeavoured to deny that -they were members of the Incorporated Company of Rotherhithe.[54] - -A further attempt in 1637, however, by two other free shipwrights, -backed again by the City Corporation, was more successful. The case -was referred to Sir Henry Marten, the Judge of the Admiralty, who -reported to the Admiralty that 'these London Shipwrights, being -supported by the countenance of the City, will by no means agree to -come under the King's Charter and government, and to that purpose are -resolved to oppose themselves by further proceedings at law.'[55] -The case was referred back to him by the Admiralty with the remark -that 'You have long been acquainted with the said business and -know of what importance it is to have the shipwrights kept under -government, which was the ground of the grant made to the Company at -Rotherhithe.'[56] Marten finally advised the Admiralty not to grant -their request, 'it being a business so much importing the general -good of the kingdom that all shipwrights should live under a uniform -government, as now regulated by the King's charter,'[57] and the -two recalcitrants were committed to the Marshalsea, where they made -their submission. Nevertheless, in Oct. 1638 the matter was again -brought up, coming before the newly appointed Lord High Admiral upon -a petition from the City Company, and by an Order in Council of -March 1639 that Company was exempted from the jurisdiction of the -'New Corporation of the Suburbs,' although, in view of the fact that -'the said Corporation of shipwrights is of so great importance for -the defence of the Kingdom and is dispersed not in the suburbs only -but over the whole Kingdom of England,' it was declared 'that this -exception ... ought to be no encouragement to any other Society or -Trade or particular persons to withdraw their obedience to the said -new Corporation or to make suit for the like exemption, which in no -sort will be granted.'[58] - -The City had won; fine words, whether in a Royal Charter or an Order -in Council, were of little use without the consistent support of the -authorities, and this the unfortunate Corporation never received. The -attempt of the Ipswich Shipwrights in 1621 to secure its dissolution -failed, but upon the motion of their member against the 'Patent of -the Ship-carpenters who impose exceedingly upon builders of ships,' -the House of Commons ordered that the Corporation should not demand -or receive any more money by virtue of their patent until it had been -brought to the Committee of Grievances and further order been taken -therein by the House.[59] - -Less drastic attacks on the privileges of the Company frequently -succeeded. The exemption from 'land service' was ignored by the -Earl Marshal and the Lord Admiral in 1628. In 1631 the King's -Bench indirectly curtailed its powers by prohibiting the Lord High -Admiral from proceeding in matters relating to freight, wages, and -the building of ships; and two years later prohibited the Company -from using its powers of arresting ships, thereby preventing the -Company from getting 'their suits decided in a speedy way in the -Court of Admiralty' and compelling them to 'contend with the master, -who, proving poor and litigious, all that the (Company) can get, -after long suit, is but the imprisonment of his body.'[60] The East -Country merchants also opposed its trading privileges, and in 1634 -the Company found it necessary to appeal to the Admiralty for -assistance in carrying out its powers in regard to the search and -survey of ships, and the regulation of apprentices. In 1635, when -Peter Pett was Master, the difficulties of collecting the dues of the -shipwrights and the 'tonnage and poundage' granted for the support -of the Corporation and its poor, became more acute than ever. After -much argument and reference to Sir Henry Marten, the Master, Wardens -and Assistants were told, in 1638, 'to cause their charters to be -published and put in execution,' while the 'Vice-Admirals, Mayors -and other Officers' were charged to assist them. In 1641 the right -of freedom from impressment and from attendance on juries was again -in question, and although the decision of the Lord Admiral was then -favourable the troubles of the Company still continued, for in -January 1642 they were petitioning the Commons for relief. - -In March 1645 an Ordinance to protect the Shipwrights from -impressment for land service 'on account of the importance of their -trade and the decrease of qualified workmen,' was presented to the -Lords by Warwick, the Lord High Admiral, and was approved by them and -passed on to the Commons for concurrence, but it does not appear to -have been read.[61] - -In August of the following year, Warwick again reported from the -Committee of the Admiralty to the Lords a 'Report and Ordinance -concerning the better building of ships and granting privileges -to the Shipwrights and Caulkers to be freed from Land Service,' -elsewhere described as an 'Ordinance for the better regulation of the -Mystery and Corporation of Shipwrights.' This was agreed to and sent -to the Commons, who read it a first time and ordered it to be read a -second time 'on Thursday next come Sevennight,' and then dropped it. - -In the meantime the Clerk and other officials of the Company, whose -pay was much in arrear, were petitioning the House to take such -action with the Company as would force it to meet their claims, while -the Master and Wardens were complaining of individual refusals to pay -assessments due to the Company.[62] This state of affairs was still -in evidence in 1648, when Edward Keling, the Clerk, and the existing -and late Beadles of the Company, petitioned the Lords for relief, -and asked 'that the public instruments entrusted to Keling may be -disposed of and he be indemnified for them.' The statement of the -Wardens annexed thereto[63] explains the situation as follows: The -Wardens had - - consented to pay the established duties of the Corporation - as directed by Order of the House, but Peter Pett and other - principal members, and great dealers in that mystery, withhold - and refuse to pay the duties for support of the Corporation, and - so the Wardens have not the means to pay the salaries of their - officers, or their house rent, to relieve the poor, to make their - due surveys upon ships, or to pursue an ordinance for settlement - of their government which passed the House of Peers eighteen - months ago, and now remains in the House of Commons. - -In June 1650 the difficulties of the Company were evidently still -unrelieved, for a petition from them, together with their Charter, -was referred by the Council of State to the Committee of the -Admiralty, who were to advise with the Admiralty Judges on the -matter. The result of this does not appear, but it seems probable -that the Corporation shortly after ceased to exercise its functions, -for a petition to the Navy Commissioners in 1672 (which shows the -same old difficulties still unremedied) refers to 'the discontinuance -of the exercise of this Charter in the late troublesome times.'[64] - -During the earlier years of its activity the Corporation played -a part of some importance in the administration of the Navy. It -surveyed and reported upon the workmanship and tonnage of ships built -in the royal yards, and gave advice concerning their defects--thus -acting to some extent as a check upon the master shipwrights--and -notices of the sale of unserviceable ships were given out at -Shipwrights' Hall as well as on the Exchange. In one instance[65] it -was called upon to submit a scheme 'for the mould of a ship like to -prove swiftest of sail and every way best fashioned for a ship of -war,' but this attempt to erect it into a board of design seems to -have failed completely. - -In 1683 the Corporation attempted to set its affairs on a more -satisfactory basis by obtaining a new charter, surrendering the -charter of 1612 in October 1684[66] and obtaining in January 1686 a -warrant from James II. to renew it with additions. This was opposed -by its old enemies, and nothing seems to have come of it, although -the matter was under discussion until 1688, and the Masters of -Trinity House in 1687, in a report to Pepys, had recommended that -there should be but one Company of Shipwrights, and that all of that -trade in England should be under their rule and government. The -Corporation appears then to have become practically extinct, for in a -report by the Navy Office, in 1690, on the method of measuring ships -reference is made to the 'measurement and calculations ... formerly -taken and made by the Corporation of shipwrights (when there was such -a company).'[67] - -In 1691[68] and 1704 the remnants of the Corporation made a final -attempt at reconstruction, backed by the Admiralty, Navy Board, -and Trinity House. A petition to this end came before the House of -Commons in January 1705, and is recorded in the Journal[69] of the -House in the following terms: - - A Petition of the Master Shipwrights (who signed the same) in - behalf of themselves and others, Master Shipwrights of England, - was presented to the House and read: setting forth that the - petitioners' predecessors were incorporated by charter in 1605, - and were thereby empowered to rectify the disorders and abuses of - the Shipwrights' Trade, and to furnish the Crown and Merchants - with able workmen, and to bind and enrol their apprentices; - but the breed of able workmen is almost lost, and for want of - sufficient power to execute the good intent of their charter, the - petitioners have not been in a regular method many years past - to rectify the disorders amongst the shipwrights and to improve - their trade; yet a Proposal of some additional heads to effect - the same has been approved, and reported by the Commissioners of - the Admiralty, Commissioners of the Navy, Corporation of Trinity - House; and also his Royal Highness,[70] the 7th Nov. 1704, - declares his opinion that it will be much for the public service - to have the shipwrights incorporated by Charter, as desired by - them; but in the said proposal there are some necessary clauses - which cannot be made practicable and effectual without an Act of - Parliament: and praying that leave be given to bring in a Bill, - of regulating clauses, to be inserted in a new charter for the - better breeding of Shipwrights and for the more firm and well - building of ships and other vessels. - -The motion to refer it to a Committee was lost, and thus went out the -last spark of life of a Corporation that had struggled in vain for a -hundred years to carry out the intentions of its founders. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[5] _Cal. Close Rolls_, 27 Jan. 1337. Rymer, _Foedera_, iv. 703. - -[6] _Exchequer Accts._ 19/31. - -[7] This rate was being paid in 1303. - -[8] Oppenheim, _The Administration of the Royal Navy_, 1509-1660, p. -14. - -[9] Thos. Allen, writing to the Earl of Shrewsbury in 1516, refers to -'one Brygandin son unto him that made the King's great ship.' Lodge, -_Illustrations of British History_, vol. i. p. 14. - -[10] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, May 12, 1519. - -[11] 'An Act for Servants' Wages,' 11 Henry VII, c. 22. - -[12] An Act concerning Artificers and Labourers, 6 Henry VIII c. 3. - -[13] _Op. cit._, pp. 22, 153, 179, 232-3. - -[14] Henry V had merely given a pension for past service to a -shipwright incapable of further labours. - -[15] Patent Roll 680. - -[16] 'Ac in consideratione veri et fidelis servicii quod dilectus -serviens noster Jacobus Baker durante vita sua impendere intendit.' - -[17] Pat. Roll 704. - -[18] _Acts of the P.C._, New Series, i. 233. - -[19] _Ibid._, ii. p. 186. - -[20] Pat. Roll 833. I cannot trace in the rolls any similar grant to -Holborn or Smyth. - -[21] Pat. Roll, 921. - -[22] He may be the Richard Bull who was called before the Council in -1555. _Acts of the P.C._, v. 189. - -[23] Stephins was engaged on the repair of the _Lion_ barge in 1553, -and was paid 20_l._ as 'the Queen's Majesty's Shipwright' for making -the _Leader_ barge in 1558. _Acts of the P.C._, iv. 362, and vi. 426. - -[24] The difference in the spelling is no argument against this, as -'ph' and 'v' are used indifferently in the documents in this surname, -Stevens' name being spelt 'Stevyns' and 'Stevins' and 'Stephens' in -the rolls. - -[25] Pat. Roll 1091. - -[26] Officium Naupegiarii sive unius magistrorum factorum Navium et -Cimbarum nostrarum. - -[27] Pat. Roll 1249. The entry in Pat. Roll 1091 is vacated with an -endorsement in the margin, signed by Mathew Baker and William Borough -to the effect that the surrender was voluntary and in consideration -of the grant to Baker and Addey. - -[28] Sometimes spelt Adye, Adie, or Ady. - -[29] Pat. Roll 1210. No office is mentioned; all that is conveyed is -the 'annuity or annual fee of 12_d._ sterling a day.' - -[30] Nec non in consideratione boni et fidelis servicii per præfatum -Willelmum Pett Shipwright antehac impensi ac imposterum impendendi in -fabricatione navium nostrarum heredum et successorum nostrorum ac in -assistencia sua in causis nostris marinis. - -[31] Pat. Roll 1300. In a MS. account of the 'ordinary wages and -exchequer fees of his Majesty's Master Shipwrights' (Add. MS. 9299 f. -48) it is stated that this had been given in recompense for building -the _Ark Royal_, but as this ship appears to have been originally -built for Ralegh this can hardly have been the reason. The patent -only speaks of 'good and faithful service done and to be done.' - -[32] Pat. Roll 1342. - -[33] Drake's edition of Hasted, _History of Kent_, p. 41. - -[34] _Add. MS._ 9299. I have not been able to find his patent. - -[35] He built the _Warspite_ in 1596 and the _Malice Scourge_ for the -Earl of Cumberland, and in 1598 and 1600 received, in conjunction -with others, the usual 'rewards' for building merchant ships (_Cal. -S.P. Dom._, 30 July 1596, 24 Sept. 1598, 15 Jan. 1600). - -[36] Pat. Roll. 1620. - -[37] Appendix I, p. 173. - -[38] _Infra_, p. 27. - -[39] _S.P. Dom. Chas. I_, xxxv. 104. Although countersigned by Coke, -this warrant is not signed by the Lord High Admiral, so presumably it -is a duplicate. - -[40] 11 July 1614. He does not mention this in the manuscript. - -[41] Probably these amounts should be multiplied by 6. - -[42] Thus in November 1591, whilst holding office as Master -Shipwright, Chapman, who owned a private yard at Deptford, was paid -the bounty of 5_s._ a ton for building the _Dainty_ of London of 200 -tons, 'as an encouragement to him and others to build like ships,' -and Phineas was paid the like bounty for building the _Resistance_. -(_Cal. S.P. Dom._) - -[43] Appendix II, p. 175. - -[44] _Salisbury MSS. (Hist. MSS.)_, i. 276. - -[45] Appendix III, p. 176. - -[46] Appendix IV, p. 179. - -[47] Rotherhithe, where their Hall was situated. - -[48] Probably it was due to the growing resistance of the City -Company of Free Shipwrights. - -[49] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 12 July 1613. - -[50] _Ibid._, 30 Oct. 1613. - -[51] See Sharpe, _Short Account of the Worshipful Company of -Shipwrights_. This author has made the mistake of assuming that the -Charter of 1605 was granted to the City Company. - -[52] It is not even mentioned in Stowe's list of sixty companies -attending the Lord Mayor's Banquet in 1531. - -[53] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 4 Feb. 1632. - -[54] _Ibid._, 17 June 1631. I am indebted to Mr. E. A. Ebblewhite for -drawing my attention to the significance of this fact. - -[55] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 30 June 1637. - -[56] _Ibid._, 10 July 1637. - -[57] _Ibid._, 26 July 1637. - -[58] _Council Register_, No. 50. - -[59] _Commons Journal_, i. 563. - -[60] _Cal. S. P. Dom._ January 21, 1633. - -[61] _Lords' Journal_, vii. 286. _Hist. MSS._, Sixth Report, p. 51. - -[62] _Lords' Journals_, viii. 232, 286; x. 403. - -[63] _Hist. MSS._, Seventh Report, p. 40. - -[64] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 25 July 1672. - -[65] By the Commissioners for inquiring into the State of the Navy. -_Cal. S.P. Dom._, 22 Feb. 1627. - -[66] Bodleian, _Rawlinson MSS._ A 177. - -[67] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 21 Aug. 1690. - -[68] See Sutherland, _Britain's Glory, or Shipbuilding Unvail'd_, p. -70. - -[69] Vol. xiv. p. 482. - -[70] Prince George of Denmark, then Lord High Admiral. - - -2.--_The Family of Pett._ - -When Thomas Heywood, in his description of the Sovereign of the -Seas written in 1637, referred to the author of this manuscript -as 'Captain Phineas Pett, overseer of the work, and one of the -principal officers of his Majesty's navy, whose ancestors, as father, -grandfather, and great-grandfather, for the space of two hundred -years and upwards, have continued in the same name officers and -architects in the Royal Navy,' he was, it may be presumed; recording -the local tradition of the Pett family. That this tradition was -strong and persistent is clear from the fact that Mansell, writing -to Thomas Aylesbury[71] in 1620 to propose Peter Pett as builder of -the new pinnaces; recommended him on the ground that 'his family have -had the employment since Henry the Seventh's time,' while forty years -later, Fuller, in his 'Worthies of England,' also referred to it in -these words: 'I am credibly informed that that Mystery of Shipwrights -for some descents hath been preserved successfully in Families, of -whom the Petts about Chatham are of singular regard.' - -This tradition, so far as it relates to the descent of the 'mystery' -from generation to generation, was no doubt well founded, but there -is no evidence that office under the Crown was held by any of Phineas -Pett's ancestors earlier than his father, Peter. - -The name 'Pett' is said by a modern writer on the history of English -surnames to be a Kentish variant of the name 'Pitt.' This would imply -a Kentish origin of the family, and this supposition might seem to be -strengthened by the fact that the name, as a place-name, only occurs -in Kent and on the eastern border of Sussex.[72] - -The fact is, however, that 'pet' is simply a Middle-English variant -of the familiar word 'pit,' kin to the old Frisian 'pet,' and is -found in use throughout the east coast counties from Sussex to -Yorkshire, but more frequently in the South than in the North. In the -13th and 14th centuries this surname occurs in the form 'atte Pet' -or 'del Pet'; i.e. 'at the pit' or 'of the pit,'[73] which indicates -clearly that the bearers had, on the introduction of the hereditary -surname from the 12th century onward, taken the name 'Pet'--or had -it thrust upon them--because they were known as living near to a -pit, and were thereby distinguished from other Walters or Adams -dwelling on the heath or by the wood etc. etc. A study of the local -distribution of this name in the 14th century shows that the pit in -question, though it may occasionally have been a well, a sawpit, or -a pitfall for wild beasts, was more usually a place where, owing to -the absence of stone from the district, clay or loam had been dug in -forming the walls of the rude cottages in which all but the upper -strata of society then dwelt. Thus one great centre of the Petts in -Suffolk in the 13th and 14th centuries, the district between Thetford -and Eye, is a heavy clayland from which stone is absent.[74] By the -end of the 16th century this name, in the form 'Pet,' 'Pett,' and -'Pette' was common in Kent, Essex, Suffolk, and South Norfolk. - -In 1583, Peter Pett, then Master Shipwright at Deptford, obtained a -grant of arms from Herald's College. The original has unfortunately -disappeared, but from the reference to it in Le Neve's 'Pedigree of -the Knights'[75] it appears that he claimed descent from 'Thomas -Pett of Skipton in Cumberland' through John Pett his grandfather and -Peter Pett his father, who had been a shipbuilder at Harwich. The -fact that there is no Skipton in Cumberland shows that this record -is hardly reliable as regards the place of origin of the family. -Neither of the existing Skiptons,[76] which are both in Yorkshire, -remote from the sea, is likely to have given birth to a family of -shipbuilders; and there is no indication that any relations of the -Petts were at any time resident in Yorkshire or Cumberland. Moreover, -the name was practically unknown at this period in the North.[77] In -an attempt to elucidate this matter, Major Bertram Raves put forward -in the 'Mariner's Mirror'[78] the suggestion 'that Thomas Pett was -of Hopton,[79] in Suffolk, and that Hopton was fudged into Skipton -by the Tudor Heralds in the grant of arms to Peter Pett.... Petts -about or near to Hopton at the time were yeomen or husbandmen.... The -pedigree may, therefore, have seemed to need treatment.' He then goes -on to show that Petts were established in the neighbouring villages -of Hepworth, Wattisfield, Harling, and Walsham-le-Willows; the Petts -at Wattisfield having been in the neighbourhood since the 14th -century.[80] One significant fact is the letter which Peter Pett, -the half-brother of Phineas, wrote to Sir Bassingbourn Gawdy[81] of -Harling, in 1598, in which he apologises for his delay in visiting -him and sends his remembrances to Lady Gawdy and others: it is clear -from this letter that Peter was well known in the neighbourhood, and -was, it may be presumed, related to the Thomas Pett living there at -that time. - -But it seems very doubtful whether Skipton really was a wilful -substitution for, or a mis-transcription of, an original 'Hopton,' -for there is no evidence that anyone of the name ever lived at -Hopton, and it seems possible that some earlier Pett may have -migrated to Yorkshire and his descendant John have returned to East -Anglia.[82] - -Of Thomas Pett nothing is known; and of John his son nothing can be -stated with certainty. - -In 1497 William Pette of Dunwich left by will[83] 'to my brother -John Pette, my new boat and all my working tools'; a legacy that -implies that the brothers were shipwrights. It is not improbable -that this was the John Pett who was engaged in caulking the Regent -in 1499. From the entry in the Roll[84] it is clear that John was -a master workman or shipbuilder; for the sum paid him, 38_l._ -1_s._ 4_d._, is a fairly large amount for that period, and covered -miscellaneous stores besides the caulking of the 'overlop' or deck, -and the sides of the ship 'against wind and water.' Unfortunately his -account, 'billam suam inde factam,' is no longer in existence. This -work was possibly carried out at Portsmouth, where the Regent had -been fitted for the Expedition to Scotland in 1497,[85] and where she -was again undergoing repair in 1501,[86] but there would have been -nothing unusual at that period, when the resources of the Portsmouth -district were hardly sufficient, in entrusting such work to a -shipbuilder from the eastern counties. In 1485 a master shipwright -had been sent from London to Bursledon to superintend the removal -of the mast of the Grace Dieu and her entry into dock,[87] and -shipwrights were frequently impressed from East Anglia for work in -Portsmouth and Southampton. The work may, however, have been carried -out at Harwich, where the King's ships sometimes rode.[88] - -With Peter, the son of John, we come at length upon sure ground. The -will he made in March 1554 is upon record, and shows that he was -possessed of a dwelling-house and shipbuilding yard at Harwich, -which he bequeathed to his son Peter, the father of Phineas. Possibly -he was the Peter Pett noted by Mr. Oppenheim[89] as among the -shipwrights pressed from Essex and Suffolk working at Portsmouth in -1523: there can be no doubt that he was the Peter Pett of Harwich -who, with other shipwrights, signed a decree of appraisement of a -ship in 1540.[90] - -His son Peter Pett, who died in 1589 when Master Shipwright at -Deptford, entered the royal service some time before 1544, as already -noted. - -There is no record of the names of the earlier ships built by him, -but it is known that in 1573 he built the Swiftsure and Achates, -and in 1586 the Moon and Rainbow; all at Deptford. At the time of -his death in 1589 he was engaged upon the Defiance and Advantage, -which were completed by Joseph Pett, his second and eldest surviving -son, who, as already remarked, succeeded to his place as Master -Shipwright, his eldest son William Pett of Limehouse, also a Master -Shipwright, who built the Greyhound in 1586, having died in 1587. -Peter Pett was twice married, and had four sons and one daughter by -his first wife, whose name is not known; and six daughters and three -sons (of whom Phineas was the eldest) by his second wife, Elizabeth -Thornton. These will be found set forth in the subjoined tables, -which will serve to illustrate the relationship between them and the -other members of the family referred to in the manuscript. - -Peter Pett, towards the end of his life, had achieved a great -reputation as a shipbuilder and was, as is evident from his will, a -man of considerable means. He died possessed of a house at Harwich, -where he had also built almshouses; a house at Deptford; land at -Frating, near Colchester; the lease of a house at Chatham; and -'ground'--presumably a shipbuilding yard--at Wapping. In addition to -this property, he left 20_l._ to the children of his son Richard;[91] -6_l._ 13_s._ 4_d._ to the child of his daughter Lydia; 100_l._ each -to Phineas and his brothers Noah and Peter; and 100 marks to each of -his four daughters by his second wife and to an unborn child that -probably did not live. The payments to the children of his second -wife were to be made on their attaining the age of twenty-four, but -from the statements of Phineas on pages 12 and 13 it would appear -that part of the money was embezzled by the Rev. Mr. Nunn and part -retained by Phineas' brother Joseph. - -Peter Pett, of Wapping, the third son of the above, carried on -business as a shipbuilder in the private yard at Wapping which had -been left to him by his father. He does not appear to have held any -office under the Crown, but seems to have been well known to the Lord -High Admiral, for in his letter above referred to be puts off his -visit to Gawdy on the ground that he has to be 'next Sunday with the -Earl of Nottingham at the Court at Richmond.' In 1599 he published -a poem entitled 'Time's Journey to seeke his Daughter Truth; and -Truth's Letter to Fame of England's Excellencie,' which he dedicated -to Nottingham. He was also the author of a sonnet in three stanzas of -seven lines entitled 'All Creatures praise God.'[92] - -It is not necessary for our present purpose to pursue the fortunes -of this family further, but the reader who is desirous of obtaining -information as to the later descendants of Peter Pett of Harwich will -find it in an excellent paper in vol. x. of the 'Ancestor,' by Mr. -Farnham Burke and Mr. Oswald Barron, entitled 'The Builders of the -Navy: a Genealogy of the Family of Pett.'[93] - - - - -RELATIONS OF PHINEAS PETT. - - THOMAS PETT - | - JOHN - | - PETER, of Harwich, = Elizabeth Paynter. - _Shipbuilder_, | - _d._ (?) 1554. | - +--------------+-----------------+ - | | - (1) ? = PETER, of Deptford, = (2) Elizabeth Ann = John Chapman. - | _Master Shipwright_, | Thornton, - | _d._ 1589. | _d._ 1597. - | +------------------------------------+ - +----+----------------------------------+-----------------------+ | - | | | | - WILLIAM, = Elizabeth (1) Margaret = JOSEPH, = (2) Margaret | | - of Lime- | March. Curtis, | of Lime- | Humfrey, | | - house, | _d._ 1594. | house, | _d._ 1612. | | - _Master +--+ | _Master | | | - Shipwright_, | | Shipwright_,| | | - _d._ 1587. | | _d._ 1605. | | | - | | | | | - +------+--+ +-----+ +----+----+ | | - | | | | | | | - Elizabeth. Lucy. Margaret. William. Joseph. | | - | | - +-------------------------+-----------+--------+ | - | | | | - (1) Ann = PETER, = (2) Elizabeth. Richard, Lydia, | - Tusam. of of London. _d._ 1610. | - Wapping | - _Shipbuilder_, | - _d._ 1631? | - | | - +-----------------+-----+----------+-------------------+-----+ | - | | | | | | - PETER, of = Elizabeth William, Elizabeth = Thomas Ann Mary | - Deptford, Johnson. _Clerk in Barwick. | - _Master Holy | - Shipwright_ Orders_, | - _b._ 1592, _d._ 1651. | - _d._ 1652. | - | - +------------------------------------------------+ - | - +------+-----+----+------+------+------+-----------+-------+ - | | | | | | | | - Jane, | Noah, Peter the | Abigail, Elizabeth, | - Susannah, | _d._ 1595. Younger, | _d._ 1599. _d._ 1599. | - _d._ 1567. | _d._ 1600. | | - | +---------+ +-----------+ - | | | - PHINEAS Rachel, = Rev. W. Mary, = (?) Cooper. - (_see next _d._ 1591? Newman. _d._ 1626. - Table_). - - - - -FAMILY OF PHINEAS PETT. - - PHINEAS PETT, - = _b._ 1570, _d._ 1647. = - (1) Ann Nicholls, (2) Susan Yardley, (3) Mildred Byland, - _m._ 1598, _née_ Eaglefield, _née_ Etherington, - _d._ 1627. _m._ 1627, _m._ 1638, - | _d._ 1637. _d._ 1638. - | - +-------------------------+ - | - +---+------------+-----------+-------+-+----+-------+-+------+ - | | | | | | | | | | - | Henry, Richard, Joseph, | | Phineas, | | Christopher, - | _b._ 1603, _b._ 1606, _b._ 1608, | | _b._ 1615, | | _Master - | _d._ 1613. _d._ 1629. _d._ 1627. | | _d._ 1617. | | Shipwright_ - | | | | | at Woolwich - | | | | | and Deptford, - | | | | | _b._ 1620, - | | | | | _d._ 1668. - | | | | | - | +----------+ | +---+ | - | | | | | - John, = Katherine Peter, Ann, | Phineas, = Frances - _Captain | Yardley _Commissioner_ _b._ 1612. | _Captain | Carre. - R.N._ | at Chatham, | R.N._ | - (lost in | _b._ 1610, | (killed | - VI | _d._ 1672. | in +--+ - Whelp), +--+ | Tiger), | - _b._ 1602, | | _b._ 1619, | - _d._ 1628. | | _d._ 1666. | - | | | - | +-+----------------+ | - | | | | - | +---+-+----+ | - | | | | - | Mary, Martha, = John | - | _b._ 1617, _b._ 1617, Hodierne. | - | _d._ 1617 _m._ 1637. | - | | - | +--------+ - | | - Phineas, Phineas - _Master (owner of - Shipwright_ the MS., - at Chatham, _c._ 1670), - _b._ 1628, _b._ 1646, - _d._ 1678. _d._ 1694. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[71] Bodleian. _Clarendon State Papers_, No. 166. - -[72] _E.g._ Pett Place near Charing; Pett near Stockbury; Pett Street -near Wye and Pett village near Winchelsea. - -[73] _E.g._ Geoffrey del Pet, 1270, _see_ Rye, _Cal. of Feet of Fines -for Suffolk_. 'Walter de le Pet' (of Wattisfield), _see_ Powell, -_A Suffolk Hundred in the year 1283_; 'Adam atte Pet' (of Stonham -Aspul), 'William del Pet' (of Wattisfield), _see_ Hervey, _Suffolk in -1327_; 'Peter atte Pette of Shorn' (Kent) in _Close Roll_ 1344. - -[74] Mr. Redstone informs me that to this day large blocks of loam -and clay are squared off in the pits of Rickinghall to form house -walls. - -[75] Printed by the Harleian Society. - -[76] Skipton in Craven in the W. Riding and Skipton upon Swale in the -N. Riding. - -[77] I have only discovered one early instance of the name in -Yorkshire, 'Ralph Pet' who lived in the 'Honor and Forest of -Pickering' in 1314, and this, it may be observed, was on the sea -coast. - -[78] April 1912, p. 124. - -[79] S.E. of Thetford: not the Hopton in East Suffolk. - -[80] They were already there in the 13th; see note on p. xliii. - -[81] _Gawdy MSS. (Hist. MSS.)_ 405; what appears to be Pett's draft -of this letter is to be found in _Egerton MS._ 2713. - -[82] It is also possible that Thomas of Skipton did not bear the -surname 'Pett.' According to Bardsley, _Curiosities of Puritan -Nomenclature_, p. 3, 'Among the middle and lower classes these -(descriptive surnames) did not become _hereditary_ till so late as -1450 or 1500.' - -[83] _Ipswich Probate Court Bk._ III. f. 202. - -[84] Ac xxxviij_li._ xvj_d._ tam super novas iact' (? jacturas) et -le calkynge de le Overlope navis regis vocatae le Regent quam pro le -calkynge anti ventum et aquam ejusdem navis ac aliis necessariis pro -eadem nave fiendis et providendis per manus Johannis Pett ut prius -per billam suam inde factam plenius apparet datam xiij die Novembris -A^o xv^o Regis Henrici vij^{mo.}. P.R.O. _E._ 405 (80). - -[85] _Naval Accounts and Inventories of Henry VII._, N.R.S., Vol. -viii. - -[86] _P.R.O. Augmentation Office Misc. Bk._, 317, f. 236. - -[87] _N.R.S._, vol. viii. pp. liv, 222. - -[88] In 1487, Thomas Rogers, clerk of the King's ships, was paid -xxvi_s._ viij_d._ for his expenses in going to Harwich, and -victualling the King's ships there. See _Material Illustrative of the -Reign of Henry VII_, vol. ii. p. 143. - -[89] _Administration_, p. 74. - -[90] _P.R.O., H.C.A._ 7 (1), 'probos viros Petrum Pette et Johannem -Moptye villae Harewici (_and two others_) fabros lignarios, anglice -shipwrights.' - -[91] Richard Pett of London, gent. (elsewhere described as 'unus -valettorum regis') in 1593 sold his share of the property at Deptford -to his brother Peter Pett, of Wapping. This property had been bought -by his father in 1566. - -[92] Printed by the Parker Society in _Select Poetry_, vol. ii. p. -386. - -[93] The following errors may be noted: p. 149, the name 'Marcy' -should be 'March'; p. 151, the William Pett who petitioned the -Admiralty in 1631, was not the son of Joseph but a much older man, -apparently belonging to another branch of the family; p. 157, the -dates of the death of Phineas' second wife and of his third marriage -are antedated by a year; p. 158, the date 'July' was an error of the -Harl. transcriber; the dates of birth and death of Phineas, junior, -are incorrect; p. 172, Joseph Pett of Chatham was not the son of -Phineas, but of Joseph of Limehouse, and he was born in 1592 not 1608. - - -3.--_Phineas Pett._ - -[Sidenote: Education.] - -From the care that had been taken to provide for his education, and -from the fact that it was only at the 'instant persuasion' of his -mother that he was 'contented' to be apprenticed as a shipwright, it -may be inferred that Phineas had been destined for the Church or the -Law, and that Peter Pett did not propose that his son should follow -in his own footsteps. The peculiarity[94] of the name chosen for -him (which no doubt refers, not to the disobedient son of Eli, but -to 'Phinehas, the son of Eleazar, the son of Aaron the priest,' who -received 'the covenant of an everlasting priesthood')[95] gives rise -to the surmise that his parents had intended him for the Church, but -whatever the intention may have been, it was certainly abandoned on -the death of his father. - -Phineas does not seem to have profited greatly from his studies at -Cambridge. He was hardly a master of English; possibly he had a good -knowledge of Latin, for the influence of the Latin idiom is to be -seen in almost all his periods; but the fact that he had subsequently -to practise 'cyphering' in the evenings does not imply any great -acquirements in mathematics, even of the very elementary forms which -at that period were sufficient for the solution of the few problems -arising in connection with the design of ships. Nevertheless, he -received the degree of Bachelor of Arts in 1592 and that of Master in -1595. - -If the statement that he spent the two years of his apprenticeship -to Chapman 'to very little purpose' is to be accepted literally, it -would seem that the misfortunes that subsequently befell him must -have aroused latent energies and filled him with determination to -master the details of his future profession when he returned to -England in 1594. His voyage to the Levant and subsequent employment -as an ordinary workman under his brother Joseph no doubt gave him a -practical acquaintance with ships that enabled him to profit greatly -by the instruction of Mathew Baker, although apparently this only -extended over the winter of 1595-6. Pett's confession that it was -from Baker that he received his 'greatest lights,' written, as it -must have been, after he had found Baker an 'envious enemy' and an -'old adversary to my name and family,' indicates how great that -assistance was. This is borne out by a letter[96] which he wrote -to Baker in April 1603, in order to deprecate the old man's wrath, -which had been aroused when Phineas, then Assistant Master Shipwright -at Chatham, commenced work on the Answer. The letter was partially -destroyed by the fire which damaged the Cottonian Library in 1731, -but fortunately Pepys had copied it in his Miscellanea.[97] - - SIR,--My duty remembered unto you. It is so that I received a message - from you by Richard Meritt, the purveyor, concerning the Answer, who - gave me to understand from you that you were informed I meant to break - up the ship and to lengthen, and that I should no further proceed - till I received further order from you. Indeed the ship was heaved up - by general consent, both of my Lord, some of the Principal Officers, - and two of the Master Shipwrights which were here present at the - time she was begun to be hauled up, no determination being resolved - upon what should be done unto her; for which cause (other haste of - businesses also being some hindrance) she hath lain still ever since, - till now that it pleased Sir Henry Palmer to command she should be - blocked and searched within board only, and so let alone, partly - because our men wanting stuff to perfect other businesses had little - else to do, as also to the intent she might be made ready to be the - better viewed and surveyed lying upright, being somewhat also easier - for the ship. This is now done, but I ensure you there was no intent - or other purpose to proceed in anything upon her any further till - the Master Shipwrights, especially yourself who built her, had first - surveyed her, and under your hands set down what should be done unto - her; and therefore, good Mr. Baker, do not give so much credit to - those that out of their malice do advertise you untruth concerning - either this or any other matter, for it is supposed by whom this - hath been done, and he is generally thought to be no other than an - Ambodexter[98] or rather a flat sheet,[99] being so far off from - either procuring credit to himself by due execution of his place - and discharge of his duty, that like Aesop's Dog he doth malice any - other that is willing to give him precedent of better course than - all men can sufficiently in this place report himself to follow. And - for myself it is so sure[100] from me to understand anything that - you should think any ways prejudicial unto you, or to any of your - works, that you shall always rather find me dutiful as a servant to - follow your directions and instructions in any of these businesses, - than arrogant as a prescriber or corrector of anything done by you, - whose ever memorable works I set before me as a notable precedent and - pattern to direct me in any work that I do at any time undertake, and - you yourself can say, setting private jars aside, which I hope are - all now at a final end, but that I ever both reverenced you for your - years and admired you for your Art, in the which I know (to speak - without flattery) no Artist in Christendom of our profession able - in any respect to come near you. Therefore, good Mr. Baker, carry - but that loving mind towards me as you shall find my loving duty to - you to deserve, who you shall find always as ready to do you any - service, either in this place or any other, as any servant of yours - whatsoever, among whose rank I account myself one of the unworthiest, - for although I served no years in your service, yet I must ever - acknowledge whatever I have of any art (if I have any) it came only - from you. Thus hoping this shall suffice to give you satisfaction in - this behalf, I humbly take my leave, ever resting ready to do you - service. - - _Chatham this 10 April, 1603._ - - Your Servant, - PHINEAS PETT. - - To the worshipful and my loving friend Mr. Mathew Baker, one - of his Majesty's Master Shipwrights, give this at Woolwich or - elsewhere. - -This expression of opinion upon Baker's capacity was evidently quite -genuine, for many years after, when the old man was dead and there -was nothing to be feared from his enmity, Phineas wrote of him as -'the most famous artist of his time.'[101] - -[Sidenote: Preferment.] - -Phineas did not rely on his professional skill alone to gain him -preferment. When in his brother Joseph's employment, he laid out -his earnings in clothing himself 'in very good fashion, always -endeavouring to keep company with men of good rank, far better -than myself.' By means of a friend thus gained, he obtained an -introduction to the Lord Admiral, which was 'the very first -beginning' of his rising. No doubt Nottingham had known his father, -and it is certain that he was well acquainted with his brother Peter; -it is probably to this that the 'extraordinary respect' and the later -favours of the Admiral were due. These favours brought upon him -the 'malicious envy' of the Master Shipwrights, who were no doubt -aggrieved at seeing employment that might have provided them or their -friends with 'pickings,' handed to a newcomer. - -The post of a purveyor of timber was not without its perquisites, and -Pett's thankfulness that 'nothing could be proved against him' when -the accounts of his doings in Suffolk and Norfolk were scrutinised, -indicates that his labours had not been without some profit to -himself; indeed his association with Trevor, who became an able -disciple of the arch-thief Mansell, leads one to suspect that Fulke -Greville's action in 'wrongfully' cutting off twenty pounds was not -the high-handed injustice that Phineas would have one believe. It is -true that Mr. Oppenheim[102] dates the 'administrative degeneracy' -of the Navy Office from Greville's treasurership, but it is probable -that this arose from Greville's incapacity to exercise the strict -control which had characterised his predecessor Hawkyns, and not from -want of integrity. Three years later Phineas affirms that Greville -continued his 'heavy enemy' because the Treasurer could not win him -'to such conditions as he laboured me in' against the Surveyor, a -state of affairs that seems to indicate a half-hearted attempt at -reform on Greville's part, rather than any underhand conspiracy. - -In an anonymous account of the quarrel at Chatham in 1602 preserved -in Pepys' Miscellanea,[103] written evidently by George Collins, 'the -principal informer and stirrer in this business,'[104] it is stated -that the writer told Sir Henry Palmer that Pett - - had sold away the Repulse's foretopmast, and that through his - negligence the Crane was bilged in the Dock, which cost the Queen - 100_l._ - -whereupon Palmer called him a rogue, and asked him if he never stole -anything, and then struck him with a cudgel; - - and no wonder! though Sir Henry took his part so much, for in - six weeks after he had great masts sawed out into boards at the - Queen's charge, a long boat full, and towed down to Whitechapel - by Boatswain Vale, or his man, at a ketch's stern. - - At the term after, I served Phineas Pett upon a battery, and Sir - John and Sir Henry procured my Lord Admiral's warrant to send - me to the Marshalsea. But that I paid well for it in Mr. Pope's - house I had gone thither; and so was forced to agree with Phineas - and to enter into bond never to follow suit against him, neither - for the King nor yet for myself.' - -The writer then goes on to give instances of Pett's misappropriations -of materials and labour; four tons of elm timber sawn into boards; -fifty deals from the storehouse; fifty small spars; two four-inch -planks to make a bridge into his meadow; labour for two or three -days; a sluice made in the meadow at a cost of 3_l._ or 4_l._; -two or three tons of oak timber sawn into posts to hang clothes -on and painted at the Queen's cost. Although the writer has an -obvious grievance against Pett, there seems no reason to doubt the -substantial accuracy of the charges made. - -[Sidenote: The Resistance, and the Voyage to Spain.] - -One of the gravest indictments subsequently brought by the Commission -of Inquiry of 1608-1609 against Phineas was that relating to the ship -which he had laid down in David Duck's private yard at Gillingham in -1604, when both he and Duck were shipwrights at Chatham. From the -account of it presented by Phineas[105] it might be supposed that -the charge related merely to the sale of ordnance and ammunition to -the Spaniards, but the malpractices alleged went much further than -that; and, although Pett was cleared by the King, an examination of -the evidence produced before the Commission leads to the conclusion -that 'those scandalous and false informations' might have led to very -unpleasant results if the King had not been biased in his favour. The -story, as made out from the existing documents,[106] is briefly as -follows: - -The ship--a small one of about 160 tons--had been built largely of -timber delivered 'for the King's use at Chatham' and with articles -'borrowed out of the store,' under warrant of the Principal -Officers, two of whom, Mansell and Trevor, subsequently had shares -in her. She was rigged 'with the rigging of the Foresight, which for -bare 12_l._ only he bought out of her' at much less than the value, -by the favour of the Surveyor (Trevor) and the Treasurer (Mansell), -so that 'she was sailed with the King's sails and rigged with the -King's tackling.' When she set sail for Spain in 1605 'under colour -of a transporter of my Lord Admiral's provisions,' she was furnished -out of the King's store with cables, anchors, flags, pitch, and other -stores and provisions, including 600 cwt. of biscuit. She also drew -120 bolts of canvas for the use of the fleet, part of which was sold -by Pett's brother, and for the whole of which Phineas acknowledged -himself responsible. Although taken up as a transport and paid -wages and tonnage (on a false rating of 300 tons, about twice her -capacity) she was entered in the Customs as a merchantman bound for -San Lucar, and carried 60 tons of lead for a merchant of London -named Alabaster, for which 60_l._ was received as freight. At Lisbon -Pett sold a demi-culverin of brass, captured at Cadiz in 1596, with -ammunition and a quantity of bread, biscuit, and peas belonging to -the fleet, for which he received 300_l._, which he sent, 'by the way -of exchange,' to Trevor and Mansell, then at Valladolid[107] with -Nottingham, who had gone there to ratify the peace recently concluded -between the two countries. Altogether, the voyage of this ship cost -the King '800_l._ or 1000_l._, as appeareth by the accounts, for -little or no service done at all.' - -As regards the money sent to Valladolid, it is probable that this was -used in paying some of the expenses of the embassy, and that this -proceeding had the sanction of Nottingham; but Pett's answers before -the Commission to some of the other charges, as given in his signed -deposition of 12th May 1608, seem rather weak. He stated that the -'riggings' of the Foresight were 'found to be so ill that they stood -him in little or no stead,' that the accounts for the provisions were -delivered to Sir John Trevor and no copies had been kept, and, by a -convenient lapse of memory, he could not say what persons or stuff -were landed at the Groyne 'nor what burden the ship was accounted -for to the King.' When asked by Captain Morgan to set him down on -the east side of the Groyne, he was alleged to have said that 'he -could not adventure the ship by his directions for that she was no -part of the fleet,' in reply to which allegation he swore that to the -best of his recollection no such words were ever used. It appears -from the evidence that Sir Richard Leveson had refused to allow the -ship as one of the fleet, but he had died shortly after the return -to England, and after his death Mansell and Trevor, 'assuming full -power into their own hands,' had reversed the decision. One reason -given by Pett for visiting ports other than that to which the fleet -had gone is of interest; he told the Commission that he had been -informed by Trevor and Mansell that the biscuit would not be needed -for the fleet 'by reason of the short voyage my Lord Admiral had into -Spain,' and he was to go to Lisbon or San Lucar to sell it, 'and that -they reported as from my Lord Admiral that because this deponent was -a shipwright he might in the harbours where he should put in take -view of the Spanish ships and galleys and of the manner of their -building.' - -With a ship so cheaply built and rigged, and employed on such -favourable terms, it could not have been difficult to make a handsome -profit, and it is little wonder that Pett calls her a 'lucky ship' -when he tells of her sale in 1612. - -[Sidenote: Commission of Inquiry.] - -The corruption in the administration of the Navy, which had begun to -appear in the last years of Elizabeth's reign, had by 1608 reached -such a height that James was at length forced to take some steps -in regard to it. The knowledge that Spain was actively engaged in -setting her navy in order no doubt quickened the King into action and -provided a motive powerful enough to sweep aside for the time the -obstruction of the senile Nottingham and his jackal Mansell. At first -it had been intended that Nottingham should head the Commission, -and letters patent[108] were passed on 1st April 1608, in which his -name appears first, Northampton coming second, but for some reason -this was altered, and on the 30th April a commission under the great -seal was issued to Henry Howard, Earl of Northampton, then Lord -Privy Seal and Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, Charles Howard, Earl -of Nottingham, the Lord High Admiral, and thirteen others,[109] of -whom Sir Robert Cotton, the famous antiquary, was the most active. -Northampton, who was Nottingham's cousin, seems to have been the -leader of the reform party, and although he is persistently vilified -by Pett, there is little doubt that he was actuated by a more or less -sincere desire (sharpened, possibly, by mutual antagonism between -the offices of Lord Warden and Lord High Admiral) to reform the many -existing abuses. What all these abuses were would take too long in -telling, but they were sufficient to justify, and more than justify, -the vigorous language of the patent, which speaks of the - - 'very great and intolerable abuses, deceits, frauds, corruptions, - negligences, misdemeanours and offences' that 'have been and - daily are perpetrated, committed, and done against the continual - admonitions and direction of you our High Admiral by other the - officers of and concerning our Navy Royal, and by the Clerks - of the Prick and Check, and divers other inferior officers, - ministers, soldiers, mariners, and others serving, working, or - labouring in and about our said Navy.' - -The patent then proceeds to give instructions for the examination of -all officials who have been connected with the Navy since 1598 and -the investigation of their accounts, - - minding that the said intolerable abuses, frauds, misdemeanours, - and offences shall forthwith be enquired of, the offenders - therein condignly punished and also to provide a speedy reform of - the same for the time to come. - -Possibly, at the time, James really intended to reform the -administration. Nottingham kept out of the way, and his subordinates -had an unpleasant time while they were examined upon their misdeeds; -but in the end, James' fear of Spain having passed away, he, with -his usual weakness, let the offenders off with a lecture. - -The Commission commenced to sit in May 1608 and sat for a little -over a year, ending with the proceedings before the King recorded -on pp. 68-69 below. During this period 161 witnesses were examined, -and their signed depositions taken. These are preserved among the -manuscripts of Sir Robert Cotton,[110] who acted as the secretary. -They were analysed by Cotton, who drew up a lengthy report[111] in -which various abuses are set forth and proposals made for their -remedy; the latter, as might be expected, were duly ignored by -the King. Among the offenders cited by name, Pett appears as one -of the chief, and although the present occasion is not convenient -for a general examination of the report and evidence, some mention -must be made of the matters in which Pett is directly charged with -wrong-doing. - -The first point made against him is that while he was keeper of the -timber store at Chatham he had failed to reject bad timber and plank -brought in by one of the purveyors. His answer to this was 'that Sir -Henry Palmer had been so quick with him for some of these exceptions -as he would complain no more though the purveyors brought in faggot -sticks.' He is next charged with certain malpractices in connexion -with the Resistance, and other charges on this account are brought -against him further on; these have already been referred to. In a -general charge against the Master Shipwrights that, for reasons -of private gain, ships were repaired 'when they were not worth the -labour nor the charges bestowed on them,' the case of the Victory is -cited as an example: - - Thus did the Victory for transportation, docking and breaking up - stand the king in four or five hundred pounds, and yet no one - part of her at this day serviceable to any use about the building - of a new as was pretended for a colour. To conclude, though we - set her at a rate of 200_l._, yet it had been better absolutely - for the King to have given her away to the poor than to have been - put to the charge of bringing her from Chatham to Woolwich, no - other use having been made of her than to furnish Phineas Pett - (that was the only author of her preservation) with fuel for the - diet of those Carpenters which he victualled. - -In complaining that estimates for repair were made blindfold, with -the result that money was spent upon old ships more than sufficient -to have built new ones, the illustration is again drawn from Pett's -proceedings: - - An instance of this art may be drawn from the King's ship now - called the Anne Royal, whose estimate being first set down by - the Master Shipwrights at 3576_l._, which sum would have built - another (by the judgment of those that made the estimate) newly - from the stocks of equal burthen, doth upon her finishing by - Phineas Pett (a favourite of the chief officers) amount to full - 7600_l._ upon that false ground which before hath been spoken of. - -A little further on, in dealing with frauds connected with the -receipt of stores, Pett is again made the principal example: - - When timber and other materials come to be received into the - stores, of the Clerk of the Check combining closely with the - deliverers to increase the quantity of that which is delivered - some time to a third part above true measure, which increase - is shared between both, and lots are cast upon the robe of the - Redeemer. - - Sir Foulke Greville, espying plainly this collusion between - parties to the wrong of our great Master, sought to prevent this - play of fast and loose by adding Phineas Pett to the Clerk of the - Check at Chatham as an assistance to take care that there might - be no increase of quantities, but all things accounted for in - their true proportion in weight and number as they were indeed, - without conspiracy. But such was the falsehood of the party, - as having found the thief, he ran with him, thrusting himself - into [the] pack with the Clerk and the deliverer; and thus - adding himself as an assistant indeed, not to plain dealers as - Sir Foulke Greville meant, but to filchers and abusers, as Pett - himself meant, which appears upon examination. - -In a further charge relating to the issue of material for ships -building or under repair, it is pointed out that the Surveyor had -taken away the keys of the storehouses from the Clerk of the Check, -their proper custodian, 'and put them into the hand of Pett his -chief favourite, who could not only take just what he liked, but -likewise hath power to expend upon the ships (or under that pretence) -whatsoever he thinketh good without contradiction, and full scope -withal to embezzle what he list.' He is also mentioned in connexion -with the construction and decay of the 'pale' which should defend the -storeyard from pilferers 'on the outside towards the Thames,' and -with the employment of youths and boys 'that fill up numbers but work -little.' Finally he is charged with 'wasteful and lavish expense' in -repairing the ironwork of the Anne Royal at a cost of 800_l._, or -more than double the amount necessary for the purpose. In the only -charge to which Pett himself refers, namely, that of altering his -lodgings, he is not mentioned by name, but it is clear that all the -resident officials had added rooms to their houses at the expense and -to the detriment of the storehouses which adjoined. - -There seems little doubt that these charges were well founded, and -that Pett was acting in collusion with his 'very good friends' -Mansell and Trevor to defraud the State. It is, however, probable -that the other officers were little better, and were only restrained -by the lack of those opportunities the possession of which they -envied Pett. - -[Sidenote: The Prince Royal.] - -It is clear from the remarks in the Report of the Commission of -Inquiry already quoted and from Pett's narrative[112] that the -original intention was to rebuild the Victory, which had been removed -from Chatham to Woolwich in the autumn of 1606 for this purpose. The -official records do not throw any light upon the circumstances in -which this intention came to be abandoned, and indeed the Treasurer's -official accounts for 1609 and 1610 preserve the fiction that the -Victory was rebuilt.[113] From the story related by Phineas, it -appears that the Victory had been given by James to Prince Henry, -and that Pett was entrusted with the task of rebuilding her because -he was one of the Prince's retainers. He then conceived the idea of -constructing a ship larger than any that his predecessors had built, -and made a model embodying his design, which so pleased the Lord -High Admiral that the King was brought to see it, with the result -that it was decided to build a new great ship on the lines suggested -by Pett. This procedure of constructing a model to scale from the -design, for the approval of the authorities, before starting to build -the ship, is probably the first instance of the adoption of a course -that later became customary in all cases where a new ship represented -an advance in size, or method of construction, or embodied features -not to be found in her predecessors. Her keel was not laid until the -20th October 1608, nearly a year after the model had been submitted -to the King's inspection. In the meantime the Commission of Inquiry -had been appointed, and the construction had not proceeded far before -questions were raised as to the correctness of the design, the -suitability of the material, and the competence of Pett as designer -and builder. - -On the 15th December, Baker was examined on the subject before the -Commission. The questions put to him related to the estimated cost of -the Prince Royal and the material used; the cost of the rebuilding -of the Ark Royal; and the experience of Pett as a builder. Baker -estimated the probable cost of the Prince at £7000, nearly twice what -he had been paid for the Merhonour.[114] This estimate, although -apparently in excess of one given by Pett, proved very far short -of the mark, since the total cost finally came to nearly £20,000, -no less than £1309 being spent on decoration and carving alone. As -regards the material, Baker stated that the timber was very badly -chosen. It appears that old and unsuitable trees were selected on -account of the profit to be made by their larger 'tops,' which -seem to have been one of the many perquisites of the officers. In -preparing the timber there was, so Baker said, - - so much waste as the charge will be well near half so much more - as it needed to be to the King; besides the ship will be of many - years less continuance serviceable than otherwise she would have - been if the timber and plank had been well chosen, and framed in - the wood. - -In regard to Pett's competence: - - Being asked, also by virtue of his oath, whether Phineas Pett be - a workman sufficient to be put alone in trust upon a ship of so - great charge and burthen, he answereth that he never saw any work - of his doing whereby he should so think him sufficient for that - work, but rather thinketh the contrary. Further, being demanded - what ship he knoweth or have heard the said Pett hath built or - repaired, he saith he never knew any new ship of his building, - but one of 120 tons or thereabouts which he built by Chatham - for himself,[115] as far as he knoweth, and another ship of the - burthen of 223 tons he repaired,[116] and a pinnace[117] for his - Majesty, which he saith was so done that after he had repaired - them they were worse in condition than they were when he took - them in hand, for that they were so unserviceable that they would - bear no sail, by which default of his they were returned from the - seas into Chatham to be new furred[118] to make them bear sail, - so that with his first repairing and furring of them he doubts - not but it will appear by the accompts that his workmanship with - stuff was more chargeable than a new ship of their burthen might - have been new built for, which are enough to persuade any man - that he cannot be sufficient to perform the building of so great - a ship when he hath performed the reparation of a small ship so - ill, as of a good ship he made a bad. - - Further, being asked what his opinion was concerning the choice - of the stuff, he saith it was not chosen for the good of the King - but for their own turns, and that very little of it fit to be - put into any ship, and much less into a great ship, because it - will be of no continuance, and that he never knew Pett to make - any frame in the wood either for ship or boat, who cannot do it, - being never brought up to it; and as for his brother Peter Pett, - who was appointed purveyor, he holdeth him a man most simple - for such a purpose, and also saith that, though they be both - unsufficient for the making of such a frame, yet the badness of - the stuff is not altogether to be imputed to them, but to those - who dispose of the business according to their own humour. - -Five days later, Bright came up for examination and was required to -give answers to seventeen questions, apparently the same as those -put to Baker. Six of them he did not answer, but referred the -Commissioners to the answers given to them by Baker. His replies to -the others were generally in corroboration of what Baker had said, -but as regards Pett's capability he expressed no direct opinion, -contenting himself with pointing out that - - the old Officers, in former times, in such great works did place - two Master Shipwrights in the building of one great ship, as my - father Mr. Bright was joined with Mr. Pett in the building of the - Elizabeth Jonas, as also in the building of the Bear with Mr. - Baker. Their reason was that two Master Shipwrights' opinions - was little enough for the charge so great in scope as she at - Woolwich will be, but now it is carried by the favour of some of - the Officers to whom it pleaseth them; but howsoever it is, the - charge is great for a young man to do which never made great ship - before of that burthen. - -[Sidenote: Captain George Waymouth.] - -After this the matter remained in abeyance until the end of March, -when Northampton enlisted the services of George Waymouth, who -appears to have possessed a great reputation among his contemporaries -for his theoretical knowledge of shipbuilding. In 1602 Waymouth had -set out, under the auspices of the East India Company, to attempt the -North-West Passage in the Discovery, with another small vessel, the -Godspeed, but had been compelled, through the mutiny of his crew, to -abandon the attempt, after entering the strait subsequently known -as Hudson's Strait. In 1605 he made a short voyage of discovery in -the Archangel along the American coast. Of actual experience in -shipbuilding he seems at that time to have had none whatever, and a -perusal of his chapter on that subject in the manuscript volume 'The -Jewell of Artes,'[119] which he presented to James in 1604, would -not inspire any great confidence in his theoretical knowledge, but -fortunately other means of judging the extent to which this knowledge -was subsequently increased have lately presented themselves. - -The chapter in 'The Jewell of Artes' consists entirely of criticism, -together with a few crude drawings not explained in the text. These -criticisms are not without point, as may be seen from the following -extracts. He says: - - Although the form and fashion of these our English ships have - always been, and yet are accompted to be made by the best - proportion, and fittest both for service and burden, yet if art - and diligence were to the full performed in their buildings as - they might, there should not remain in them so many dangerous - impediments as there do at this day, which maketh me verily - suppose that the one of them, if not both, is not in such measure - in our shipwrights as with all my heart I do wish. - -A little further on, in speaking of the discrepancies to be found in -ships supposed to be built from the same design, he says: - - Yet could I never see two ships builded of like proportion by the - best and most skilful shipwrights in this realm ... the chiefest - cause of their error is because they trust rather to their - judgment than to their art, and to their eye than to their scale - and compass. - -He then, feeling, no doubt, that his want of technical experience -in shipbuilding gave him small right to pose as a critic of the -professional builders, deprecates their censure in the following -words: - - All which defects in building and many other I have with no less - careful endeavour than with the often peril and hazard of mine - own life diligently applied myself to search and find out, even - to the uttermost of my skill and understanding; and although by - mine own experience I can in this point speak as much as most - seamen (I might say as any), having been employed in this service - ever since I was able to do any, and served therein well near - four prenticeships, and having in this time borne all the offices - belonging to this trade, even from the lowest unto the highest, - yet had I rather that any other should have taken upon them the - searching and finding out of these impediments and the laying - of them open, than myself; but seeing that no man that ever I - heard of hath hitherto, as yet, undertaken the same, the thing - being of much importance, as it is, and the dangers so great, - though perhaps I shall be hardly censured for the same of the - shipwrights, whose want of art or diligence I therein accuse, yet - do I think it the part of every good subject rather to seek to do - good to the whole state than to fear the displeasure of any one - occupation. - -In an undated paper, a copy of which is preserved in the Harleian -MSS.,[120] he further criticises the shipwrights to the following -effect: - - The Shipwrights of England and of Christendom build ships only by - uncertain traditional precepts and observations and chiefly by - the deceiving aim of their eye, where for want of skill to work - by such proportions as in Art is required and is ever certain, I - have found these defects. - - (1) No shipwright is able to make two ships alike in proportion - nor qualities; to build a ship to any desired burden certain; nor - to propose to himself how much water his ship shall draw until - there be trial made thereof. - - (2) Ships yet built go not upright in the sea, whereby they often - lose the use of their lower tier of ordnance. - - (3) They are often forced to be furred; which is a great charge - and weakening to the ships; this is for want of skill to work - their desired proportions. - - (4) They labour and beat in the sea more than they may be made - to do; which causeth often leaks to spring and weakeneth them - that they cannot last so long as they might. - - (5) They go not so near the wind as they might be made to do, the - wind being the greatest advantage in fight. - - (6) They draw more water in proportion to their burdens than they - might be made to do. - - (7) They be made of less burdens than they may be made of in - proportion to the length, breadth and depth. This defect the - Hollanders have in part mended and are able to carry freight for - one third part less than our Merchants. - - (8) They cannot bear sail nor steer readily to make the - best advantage of the wind, for want whereof, and of art in - proportioning the Moulds, they sail not so fast as they may be - made to do. - - My study these twenty years in the Mathematics hath been chiefly - directed to the mending of these defects. I have during this - time applied myself to know the several ways of building and - the secrets of the best shipwrights in England and Christendom, - and have likewise observed the several workings of ships in - the sea in all the voyages I have been. By these helps I have - demonstratively gained the science of making of ships perfect in - Art, which of necessity must be made wrought by a differing way - from all the Shipwrights in the world. - -He goes on to say that ships built after his plan would cost less -and be of more burden, and gives reasons why the ships of the Low -Countries carried freight at cheaper rates than English ships. This, -he says, was because they were longer in proportion to their breadth, -broader and longer in the bottom, and therefore of less draught, and -not built so high above water, with the result that they required -less sail and tackling and could manage with a smaller crew. - -These criticisms of the English shipwrights are no doubt well -founded, but the step from critic to artist is a long one, and -Waymouth never took it. Nevertheless he was a more competent critic -than Pett would have us believe. An anonymous seventeenth-century -MS., entitled, 'A most excellent briefe and easie Treatize,' -containing, among other matters, 'A most excellent mannor for the -Buildinge of Shippes,' exists in the Scott collection, and this, by -the kindness of the owner, has been placed at the disposal of the -editor, who, after a careful examination, has no doubt that it is -the work of Waymouth, written after he had built the ship which Pett -calls a 'bable and drowne divell,' and of which a midship section is -given. Unfortunately, except in this one instance, the treatise is -purely theoretical and throws no light on the problems of the Prince -Royal, or the methods of the royal shipwrights, but as a theoretical -treatise it is far in advance of the 'Jewell of Artes,' and indeed -of anything that the English shipwrights of that century produced, -and is sufficient to explain why Waymouth's opinions were accorded so -much respect. - -[Sidenote: Inquiry by Nottingham, Worcester, and Suffolk.] - -After Waymouth's futile visit to Woolwich, the King seems to have -been much perplexed, and since there was no independent expert, -for they had all taken sides, he handed the matter over to a -committee composed of the Lord High Admiral and two of the great -officers of State. In theory, no doubt, the selection of the -Admiral to superintend such an inquiry was the natural course to -be followed, but in this case he was sitting in judgment on one of -his own protégés, and could hardly condemn him without indirectly -condemning himself and justifying Northampton. The result in such -circumstances--and with such a man--was a foregone conclusion, for -the other two members, having no professional experience of the -matter, would naturally follow his direction. The technical arguments -of Baker and Stevens would be lost on Worcester and Suffolk, even if -Nottingham could appreciate them, which may be doubted; and--judging -by his writings, and allowing for their ignorance of the mathematical -side of the questions at issue--it is not surprising that Waymouth -bored them beyond endurance, with the result that in the end 'they -found the business in every part and point so excellent.' - -Northampton's anger at the result was not unnatural, and the King -found that there was no other course open to him but to hold an -inquiry in person. This was fixed for the 8th May, and during the -first week of that month Baker, Waymouth, and their associates took -the dimensions of the ship at Woolwich and set out their objections -in the following document:[121] - - _Imperfections found upon view of the new work begun at Woolwich._ - - First her mould is altogether unperfect, furred[122] in divers - places; she hath too much floor;[123] the lower sweep[124] and - the upper are too long, and the middle sweep too short. - - Her depth is too great and her side too upright, so that of - necessity she must be tender sided and not able to bear sail. - - Her breadth lieth too high, and so she will draw too much water, - and thereby dangerous and unfit for our shoal seas. - - Her harpings[125] are too round and lie too low, which maketh a - cling at the after end of it, and makes the bow flare off[126] so - much that the work is not only misshapen but the ship dangerous - to beat in the sea either at an anchor or under sail. - - Her workmanship is very ill done, and thereby the ship made - weak, as first the limber[127] holes are cut so deep in the - midship floor timbers that they are less thickness upon the keel - than toward the rung head; whereas they ought to be thicker and - stronger in the midst, to bear the weight on ground. - - The futtocks[128] have not scarph[129] enough with the floor - timbers, but at the lower end of them are divers short clogs of - timber put in which serve to no purpose for strength but to fill - up the room. Every mean owner in the Thames will assuredly tie - the carpenter to allow a great scarph and to have his timber come - whole within a foot of his kelson. - - Some of the timbers abaft and afore are left so deep by the - kelson that the footwales[130] and outside not being well - trenailed together will be a great weakness to the ship, and the - rather for that the rung,[131] being cut out of right and old - grown timber, cannot be brought to a lesser scantling, they will - break in sunder at the cross grain. - - The provision of timber was not fitting such a chargeable work - for that much of the same is overgrown and many pieces of them - cross grained, as cut to a roundness out of straight timber, - which cannot be strong enough to bear a ship on ground of so - great weight as this is; as may be seen both in the ship and yard. - - To shew his weakness in art and the imperfection of the mould, - Pett himself, after workmen had seen her, hauled down his - futtocks[132] 2 foot as soon as the lords were gone, and cut - off some of the heads of them, whereby they have made her more - imperfect than she was and put all things out of order that she - can hardly be ever amended. - - MATHEW BAKER. W. BRIGHT. - NYCHOLAS CLAY. EDWARD STEVENES. - JOHN GREAVES. RICHARD MERYETT. - GEORGE WAYMOUTH. - - All these being Shipwrights (saving Capt. Waymouth) have taken - their oath, and answered before us, both upon their conscience to - God, their duty to the King and their love to their country that - this declaration is true. And Cap^n. Waymouth also affirmeth that - all which the said Shipwrights have declared to be imperfections - are so to be accounted. But the error of the limber holes he did - not look into, supposing that no man affecting the name of a - workman would err in so gross an absurdity. - - H. NORTHAMPTON. CH. PARKINS. - E. ZOUCH. RO. COTTON. - JOHN CORBETT. - - Cap^n. Waymouth further saith, touching the imperfection of - the mould, that the Hollowing Moulds[133] are not good neither - before nor abaft, for in the Hollowing Moulds afterward he hath - taken away too much timber from the hooks, whereby it hath much - weakened the ship, that when she cometh to lie on ground she will - complain in that place, which will be a great impediment to the - ship. And concludeth that she being so deep and her moulds so - unperfect, with these gross errors and absurdities she can never - be made strong and fit for service, and least of all for our seas. - - EDWARD STEVENES. GEORGE WAYMOUTH. - MATHEW BAKER. - W. BRIGHT. - NYCHOLAS CLAY. - JOHN GREAVES. - RICHARD MERYETT. - H. NORTHAMPTON. - E. ZOUCH. - CH. PARKINS. - RO. COTTON. JOHN CORBETT. - -This indictment cannot be lightly set aside. Baker was the most -prominent shipbuilder of that day, and Bright and Meryett (or, as the -name is more usually written, Meritt) were Government shipbuilders -of long experience, while Clay, Greaves, and Stevens were private -builders of considerable standing in their profession. Unfortunately -we have hardly any authentic details of the ship; certainly not -sufficient to enable us to form any independent opinion upon the -question of her design. We have, from the careful survey[134] taken -in 1632, the following dimensions: - - Feet. Ins. - Length of keel 115 0 - Breadth 43 0 - Mean breadth 36 0 - Depth (presumably from the breadth to top of keel) 18 0 - Depth from the seeling 16 3 - Tonnage (old measurement) 1186·80 - Tonnage (new measurement) 1330 - -and from the arguments during the inquiry it appears that the breadth -of the floor was 11 feet 8 inches. This is all we know of the -shape of the hull below water, and the pictures of the ship that -can be considered authentic representations[135] do not add to this -knowledge. - -It would seem that Pett had made one or two slight alterations in the -accepted rules, as followed by his predecessors, in the design of -the hull. For example, his floor was slightly wider than the amount -allowed by Baker in his scheme for plotting the midship section, -given in the 'Fragments of Ancient English Shipwrightry,'[136] -according to which it should have worked out at 10 feet 3 inches; but -as Waymouth had, as we have already seen, been advocating a broader -floor, a change that subsequently took effect, it is difficult to -understand why he, at any rate, should have objected to this. To -a later age, which has seen much greater ships of deeper draught -navigate 'our shoal seas' in safety, the objection to the deep -draught of water may seem somewhat uncalled for, but it must be -remembered that at that date the King's ships, when not on service, -lay in the Medway above Upnor, and an undated MS.[137] written about -1640 shows that difficulty was experienced in finding safe moorings -for the Sovereign and the Prince in this position. On the whole, -it seems probable that the objections on the score of design were -not well founded. We never hear of the ship having been crank or -unseaworthy on this account, and there is no such disgraceful episode -as that connected with the Unicorn, built by Edward Boate in 1633, -to be brought up against her. - -On the charge of insufficiency of material, however, the evidence is -against Pett. There can be little doubt but that much of the timber -was unsuitable; some was green and unseasoned; some too old and in -incipient decay; while the curved timbers, which should have been -cut from trees crooked by natural growth, had been cut from straight -trees, with the result that the grain did not run round, but across, -the curves, to the detriment of their strength. In December 1621 -the Navy Commissioners expressed their feelings on the subject to -Buckingham in a letter, of which the following draft is preserved in -the Coke MSS.:[138] - - Her weakness is so great that all we can do unto her at this time - with above 500_l._ charge will but make her ride afloat and be - able to go to sea upon our own coast rather for show than for - service, and that to make her a strong and perfect ship will - require at least 6,000_l._ charge and time till monies and fit - provisions may be had. This we write to your Honour with grief - and some just indignation, seeing a ship which so lately cost His - Majesty near 20,000_l._ and was boasted to be of force to fight - for a kingdom, so suddenly perish, and that no other reasons are - given thereof but her first building of old red and decaying - timber and that fallen in the sap, and her double planking with - green and unseasoned stuff, wherein the improvidence of the - officers and unfaithfulness of the workmen cannot be excused, - such faults tending to the dishonouring and disarming of the - state cannot with duty be either coloured or concealed. - -Perhaps this was stated a little too strongly, for in 1623, after a -refit costing under 1000_l._, she made the voyage to Spain and back -in safety. Nevertheless, as pointed out by Mr. Oppenheim, she 'was -never subjected to any serious work,' and in 1641 she was entirely -rebuilt at Woolwich by Peter Pett at an estimated cost of 16,019_l._, -to which must be added 2160_l._ for launching and transporting her to -Chatham.[139] - -[Sidenote: The Inquiry before James at Woolwich.] - -Having been forced by the circumstances to take the matter into -his own hand, James seems to have conducted the inquiry with -moderation and skill, and if he had remained content with weighing -the evidence, and had not attempted to decide some of the technical -points in dispute himself, his decision might have received universal -acceptance. - -An inspection of the list of witnesses on either side shows that the -weight of authority was against Pett: the seamen appearing against -him were of much greater importance than those for him, and, with -the exception of Burrell, who subsequently[140] reported against the -ship, the same may be said of the shipwrights. In considering the -result of the inquiry we cannot do better than follow James' division -into the three points of art, sufficiency of materials, and charge. -As regards art, it is obvious that Pett was treading the path of -progress experimentally with his new design; the criticisms indicate -that he had introduced modifications into the methods followed by -Baker and the older shipwrights (_e.g._ in the width of the floor -and the shape of the bows), while the subsequent furring of the -mould and the alterations to the futtocks show that he was uncertain -where he was going, and modified his plans during the building. For -the settlement of the much disputed point of the flat of the floor, -which seems to have been the determination of the actual point at -which the lower sweep commenced (obtained, presumably, by finding -the geometrical centre of that sweep and dropping a perpendicular -from it on to the floor), James chose Briggs, who was an eminent -mathematician, and Chaloner, who, notwithstanding that he was a court -official, was of some eminence as a scientist. Their verdict in -favour of Pett must therefore be accepted as final. - -On the whole, it seems that as regards 'art' Pett was in the right; -but as regards the second point, 'material,' sufficient has been -already said to show that his opponents were justified in their -criticism. As regards the third point, 'charge,' _i.e._ costs, -facts showed subsequently that the claim that 'the charge of the -building of this ship should not exceed other ships that had been -built in her Majesty's times ... allowing proportion for proportion, -the garnishing not exceeding theirs,' was entirely unfounded; for -even allowing for the lavish decoration, the cost of building was -much greater proportionately than that of any of those ships. The -exuberance of the decoration may be seen from the entries in the -Declared Accounts, printed in the Appendix,[141] which are of -additional interest from the information they give as to constructive -details. It will be observed that these agree with such details as -can be made out in the Hampton Court and Hinchinbrook pictures.[142] - -[Sidenote: The Commission of 1618.] - -The Commission of Inquiry of 1618 found the management of the Navy -in much the same state as it was in 1608, with the same abuses still -unremedied. But although in its Report it did not pillory Pett as -the earlier Commission had done, it seems, by the reforms which -it instituted, to have made him very uncomfortable. The actual -shipbuilding was concentrated at Deptford, and Phineas was employed -at Chatham in the work of improving and enlarging that yard. Wm. -Burrell, who had been one of Pett's chief supporters in the Prince -Royal Inquiry, was made one of the Commissioners, and although he -remained the chief shipbuilder of the East India Company,[143] the -whole of the new construction, which amounted to two ships yearly for -the next five years, was placed in his hands, all the ships being -built under contracts made between Burrell and the Commissioners. -Naturally this arrangement, however efficient it might be from the -national point of view, did not coincide with Pett's interests, and -in his usual hyperbolical style he describes Burrell and Norreys (the -Surveyor) as his 'greatest enemies,' and attributes the necessary -reforms of the Commissioners to a plot to 'ruin' himself. - -[Sidenote: The Algiers Expedition.] - -The story of the Expedition to Algiers, which was as much a -diplomatic move in support of the Elector Palatine as an attempt -to suppress the Algerine pirates, has been amply dealt with by -historians,[144] but there remains something to be said about Pett's -connection with it, and his financial troubles that arose from it. -It will be noted that he does not utter a word as to what happened -between the time of his joining Mansell's fleet at Malaga in the -Mercury on the 8th February and his return to the Downs on the 19th -September. This silence was, no doubt, intentional, and arose from -his unwillingness to put on record anything that might give offence -to his friend Mansell or to higher authorities. - -Part of the fleet was fitted out at the expense of the London -merchants, who entered into a contract with Phineas for the -construction of two pinnaces, of 120 and 80 tons respectively, -subsequently named the Mercury and the Spy. It was the habit of the -Master Shipwrights to exceed their instructions in building ships for -the Navy; partly, perhaps, from a desire to do greater things than -they were asked to do, and to outrival their colleagues, but largely -because the greater the ship the greater the profit to themselves. -When Pett attempted to play this trick upon the merchants (increasing -one pinnace from 120 tons to 300, and the other from 80 tons to 200), -'upon some hopes of thanks and reward,' he got bitten badly, for the -merchants, disdaining the precedents of the royal dockyards, insisted -upon holding to their contract, and left Pett to make the best of a -bad bargain. His appeal to the Council for redress was referred to -the Committee of Merchants, who in their reply[145] of 2nd December -1622 pointed out that their 'chief desires and endeavours have been -and ever shall be to do right unto all and (as fast as money can be -gotten in) to give satisfaction where any just demands can be made -unto us.' They added that 'at our last meeting Captain Pett sent his -brother and son unto us, with whom we have conferred and have agreed -that Captain Pett shall bring in his accompt, and if it appear that -he hath not received as much or more than any way can be due unto -him, either for making the two pinnaces or his entertainment, we will -make present payment of the remainder, as we have formerly offered -before your Lordships.' - -The matter drifted on until 1624, and two further remonstrances, from -the Admiralty, brought forth a reply from the merchants that they were - - sorry to observe your Lordships' displeasure contained against us - upon the suggestions of those whom nothing but their own demands - can satisfy.... Your Lordships may please to be advertised that - we contracted with him to build two pinnaces for twelve hundred - and seventy pounds, and have paid to his workmen and lent to - himself divers great sums of money over and above our contract - and his wages,[146] by reason whereof we conceive he is more - indebted to us than his wages demanded amounts unto, in a great - sum of money, and also we lent him two hundred pounds upon his - own bond yet unsatisfied. Notwithstanding, as formerly we have - certified your Lordships, and sundry times offered to Capt. Pett, - that we were ready to accompt with him that satisfaction might be - given if ought were due to either party, and we are still ready - to perform the same, yet because he rejects this motion and that - we are desirous your Lordships may be fully satisfied of our - honest intentions and proceedings and may be no further troubled - herein, we are therefore emboldened to become suitors to your - Lordships that the Commissioners of the Navy, or whom else your - Lordships shall please to appoint, may have the examination of - the account depending, and if upon their report anything be found - due we will take present order for payment thereof. - -[Sidenote: Elizabeth Pett.] - -Apparently Pett never received the balance of the money, but his -troubles did not end there. He was indebted to his brother Peter -for materials for these ships to the value of 325_l._ While his -brother lived Phineas does not seem to have troubled about repayment, -although, according to Elizabeth Pett, his sister-in-law, Peter had -been 'often arrested on this account,' and Phineas himself had, as -he tells us, been arrested and imprisoned in 1628 at the suit of -'one Freeman,' by whom the timber seems to have been originally -supplied.[147] - -After Peter's death,[148] his widow endeavoured to recover the debt -from Phineas, but could not enforce judgment on account of the -latter's position as the King's servant. She therefore petitioned -the Admiralty in January 1633 for 'leave to have the benefit of law -against him.' Pett was ordered to satisfy her or show cause why -the law should not take its course. Pett explained his loss on the -transaction, and asserted that, 'notwithstanding this great loss -and main other[149] befallen me, yet according to my poor abilities -I have endeavoured to make satisfaction for the debt due to my -brother,' and he promised to pay it off in instalments. Elizabeth, -who had herself been 'taken in execution' for the debt, pressed for -a larger amount down, because she was 'almost utterly undone through -want of the said sum so long time, being the greater part of her -maintenance.' - -In May Phineas wrote to Nicholas protesting that he could not help -defaulting in his payments because his son fell dangerously sick, and -he could not get his arrears due from the Exchequer, and asserting -his intention to settle the matter 'before the end of this term.' In -June Nicholas told him that the course of justice could not be stayed -any longer, and Pett again promised that the instalment due should -be paid. In October, Pett was still in default, and he was ordered -by the Admiralty to give immediate satisfaction or show cause within -a week why proceedings should not be taken. He managed still to hold -out, and on Sunday the 8th of December he was arrested as he was -going to St. Dunstan's Church 'to hear a brother of his preach.' The -officers let him go when they heard that he was the King's servant, -and subsequently excused their action on the ground that Mrs. Pett's -daughter had assured them that Phineas 'lay skulking in obscure -places and then ... lay at a chandler's shop in Tower Street, being -... an old sea captain and ready to go to sea presently.' Upon this -Pett petitioned the Admiralty, complaining that he had offered part -of the debt, which was 'utterly rejected, and her implacable spirit -will receive no other satisfaction but present payment of the whole -debt,' and he asked the Lords to summon Mrs. Pett and her abettors -before them for daring to arrest him without leave, 'so that he can -go about his business without fear of arrest and that she may be -enforced to accept her debt at such reasonable times as he is able -to pay.' The remainder of the story is not to be found in the State -Papers, but Pett tells us[150] that the matter was fought out at -law, to his 'great charge,' so that presumably he was ultimately -compelled to pay the money. - -[Sidenote: The Destiny] - -A little before the time when Elizabeth first began to press him for -the payment of the debt due to her late husband, Phineas was being -pursued by an anchor-smith named Tayte, who asked the Admiralty -for permission to proceed against him for a debt of 250_l._ due on -account of ironwork supplied for the construction of the Destiny, -which Pett built for Sir Walter Ralegh in 1617. Phineas does -not mention this in the manuscript, but as it gave rise to the -interesting letter to Nicholas and petition to the Admiralty printed -in the Appendix[151] it seems worthy of passing reference. On the -return of Ralegh from his disastrous expedition, the Destiny was -confiscated by the Crown, her name being changed to Convertive. -Pett was therefore unable to recover against the ship the 700_l._ -which was due to him, and presumably had no power to recover it from -Ralegh's estate; possibly, however, this was another case in which he -had exceeded the contract and had no legal remedy against the owner -for the difference. - -[Sidenote: The Voyage to Spain.] - -In relating the voyage to Spain with the squadron sent to bring home -Prince Charles after his foolish adventure with Buckingham at the -Spanish Court, Pett has not been so reticent as he was in the case -of the voyage to Algiers, and he has given a fuller account of the -incidents of the return voyage than will be found elsewhere. The -circumstances in which he went mark the peculiarly favoured position -which he held in relation to the King and the Lord High Admiral. The -letter written to Buckingham printed in the Appendix[152] further -illustrates this special relationship. His complaint therein that -the cook-room of the Prince had been moved against his consent is -evidently directed against the Commissioners, who, in their report of -1618, had urged that cook-rooms should be placed in the forecastle -because, when placed amidships, the smoke made 'the okam spew out,' -and they took up valuable space required for storage, and by bad -distribution of weights made the ship 'apt to sway in the back.' -It does not seem unreasonable that the Navy Commissioners should -have objected[153] to the absence of one of the principal master -shipwrights from his duties for such a purpose as the voyage in -question, although Phineas, with his usual animus against those who -differed from him, accuses them of plots and malicious practices. - -[Sidenote: Brown Paper Stuff.] - -The scandal in regard to the sale of old cordage as 'brown paper -stuff' was judicially investigated before the Judge of the Admiralty, -and the report of the proceedings is preserved among the State -Papers.[154] From this report it appears that Palmer, Pett, and -others had sold this material (much of which, so it was alleged, -might have been used for oakum, gun wads, or twice-laid rope) without -the consent of the other Principal Officers. Some of the money -received for it had been applied to legitimate purposes, but it is -clear that part had been kept back in the hope that no questions -would be asked, and that after a time the holders might appropriate -it for themselves. The assertion of Pett[155] that it was 'claimed as -a perquisite to our places' is not borne out by his own evidence. - -According to his deposition, made on 7th August 1633, the Keeper of -the Storehouse at Chatham had reported to him that the storehouse was -so cumbered with 'unnecessary and unserviceable cordage and old ends -and decayed junks' that there was no room for serviceable material. -For this reason, he and Terne, Clerk of the Survey, then acting as -deputy to Aylesbury, sold 'a quantity of old ends and decayed junk -for brown paper stuff,' but Pett alleged that he told the 'Master -then attendant' and other officers that nothing that was fit for use -or service was to be handed over to the purchasers. Pett could not -remember the total amount received for this stuff,[156] but stated -that he had 'received of the said Sir Henry Palmer (upon promise -made by this deponent to deliver up bills to the Treasurer of his -Majesty's Navy for so much money due to him, this deponent, from -his Majesty) four score and six pounds sterling and hath since made -an assignment to the said Treasurer to defalk so much out of this -deponent's entertainment payable to him.' He further stated that the -sales were 'by their own authority, being principal officers of his -Majesty's Navy,' and claimed that 'any two of the said principal -officers personally attending at Chatham have sufficient power and -authority for themselves, without acquainting the rest, there being -divers precedents of the like done by others heretofore.' - -On 22nd February 1634, Pett, Palmer, Fleming, Terne, and Lawrence -were sequestered from their places for having sold the material -without sufficient authority, but on 1st March Charles entirely -pardoned Pett, while only allowing the others the favour of -continuing in their places until they had answered in writing.[157] - -[Sidenote: The Sovereign of the Seas.] - -The idea of building a royal ship that should be larger and more -ornate than any of her predecessors seems to have originated in the -mind of the King, who acquainted Pett with his intention towards the -end of June 1634. Phineas thereupon prepared a model, which was ready -by the middle of October and was carried to Court on the 19th of that -month. In the meantime the Masters of Trinity House heard of the -project and lodged the amusing protest printed in the Appendix.[158] -Apparently this model was not approved, for on 7th March of the -following year Pett received instructions from the Admiralty to -build a 'new great ship' of 1500 tons, and was told to prepare a -'model' for it.[159] This second model does not appear to have -been constructed, but as Pennington's draft, giving the dimensions -proposed by him for the ship, is endorsed by the King as a 'model,' -perhaps a tabular statement of that nature was all that was intended. -In April a committee, consisting of Pennington, Mansell, Pett, and -John Wells,[160] examined Pett's plans and drew up the following -schedule of proposed dimensions,[161] which was approved by the King -but afterwards modified: - - According to your Ma^{ts} command we have examined the - particulars of the plot and the dimensions presented to - your Ma^{ty} by Capt. Pett, and by comparing the rules of - Art and experience together we have agreed to the Proportion - underwritten, which we most humbly submit to your Ma^{ts} further - pleasure. - - Ft. Ins. - - Length of the keel 127 0 - - Breadth within the plank 46 2 - - Depth in the hold from the breadth to the upper - edge of the keel 18 9 - - Keel and dead rising 2 6 - - Draught of water from the breadth to the lower - edge of the keel 21 3 - - The swimming line from the bottom of the - keel 18 9 - - The flat of the floor 13 0 - - Rake of the stem 38 0 - - Rake of the post 8 0 - - Height of the Tuck at the fashion piece 16 0 - - Breadth of the Transome 28 0 - - Height of the way forward 14 0 - - Distance of the ports 10 0 - - Ports upon the lower tier, square 2 8 - - Ports upon the second tier, square 2 6 - - Ports upon the third tier, round or square 2 4 - - Distance of the ports from the swimming line - with four months victuals at 5 0 - - With six months victuals at 4 6 - - The first deck from plank to plank 7 0 - - The second deck 7 3 - - The third deck 7 3 - - All the decks flush fore and aft, and the half deck, quarter deck - and forecastle according to the plot. - - Ton and - Tonnage - - 1. This ship by the depth in hold will be 1466 - - 2. By the draught in water 1661 - - 3. By the mean breadth, which is the truest of all 1836 - - Your Ma^{ty} will be pleased to be informed that after mature - debate we have likewise agreed upon the rules to be proportioned - to each sweep of the midship bend, and where the bend is to be - placed, and likewise of the rules to be held in her narrowing - and rising lines, which we all pray may be only imparted to your - Ma^{ty}. - - ROBERT MANSELL. J. PENNINGTON. J. WELLS. - PHINEAS PETT. - -This is endorsed in the King's handwriting: 'Dimensions resolved on -for the Great Ship, 7 of April 1635.' It is of interest to note, as -evidencing the jealous way in which the fundamentals of the design -were kept secret, that the Committee proposed to impart the details -of the midship bend[162] and of the narrowing and rising lines,[163] -which together formed the key to the actual form of the hull, to the -King alone. - -Ten days later Pennington appears to have put in a proposal that -slightly modified this design, increasing the draught of water by -nine inches, the beam by four inches, the flat of the floor by one -foot, and the tonnage by 56 or 48 tons, but decreasing the keel -length by one foot. His scheme of dimensions, which is endorsed in -the King's handwriting as 'Dimensions of Pennington's Model for -the Great Ship, 17 April 1635,'[164] seems, from the fact that the -tonnage is quoted in the contemporary lists[165] as 1522 tons, to -have been the one finally adopted, though with slight modification. -It runs as follows: - - Ft. Ins. - Length by the keel 126 0 - Breadth at the beam 46 6 - Breadth at the Transome 28 0 - Breadth of the Floor 14 0 - Breadth from the water 2 0 - Draught of water 19 6 - Ports from the water 5 0 - Ports asunder 9ft., some more 9 0 - Ports from the deck 2 0 - Distance between the decks from plank to plank 7 6 - Rake of the Stem 37 6 - Rake of the Post 9 0 - Height of the Tuck 17 0 - Depth in hold from the seeling to the lower - edge of the beam 17 0 - Sweep at the runghead 11 0 - Sweep at the right of the mould 31 0 - Sweep between the water line and the breadth 10 0 - Sweep above the breadth 14 0 - Burden in tons and tonnage by the old rule 1522 - New rule 1884 - -The outstanding interest of this 'model' lies in the fact that it is -the only instance in which the sweeps of the mould are given. Before -we can proceed to construct from it the midship section, we are met -with the difficulty that the depth from greatest breadth to keel is -not given, but in the first model this was equal to the draught, -viz. 18 feet 9 inches, and since this was increased by 9 inches, we -may fairly assume that the 'depth' in Pennington's model would be -about 19 feet 6 inches, and in fact we have this dimension given in -a contemporary list as 19 feet 4 inches. If, taking this figure, we -now attempt to plot the section, it will be found that the sweeps -will not reconcile, the radius of the futtock sweep, 31 feet, being -too great by about 6 feet. The mistake appears to lie in the height -of the 'breadth from the water' (_i.e._ the height of the greatest -breadth above the 'swimming line'), given as 2 feet. In the first -model this was 2 feet 6 inches, and, as it is not probable that it -would be less in the deeper ship, we may take this to have been 3 -feet, and not 2 feet. On this assumption we can proceed to construct -the curve of the midship section as in the drawing annexed. In this -drawing we have: - - Ft. Ins. - - AB = the half breadth 23 3 - - AC = the depth from greatest breadth - to top of keel 19 4 - - AD = the half flat of the floor 7 0 - - DE = the radius of the runghead sweep 11 0 - - FG = the radius of the sweep between - greatest breadth and the waterline 10 0 - - FH = the radius of the 'sweep above - the breadth' 14 0 - -We can now plot the curve of the section; Drawing the arc FI with -radius GF to a depth of 3 feet perpendicularly below CF, we obtain -the point I, and producing IG backwards to K, a point 31 feet distant -from I, we have the centre of the futtock sweep, or 'sweep at the -right of the mould,' which is given as 31 feet in radius. With this -radius from K we draw the arc IL cutting a line drawn from K through -E at L. On drawing the runghead sweep from D with radius of 11 feet -from centre E, it is found that this arc meets the other precisely at -L, and these two arcs 'reconcile,' _i.e._ are tangent to each other -at L, for the centres of both arcs lie in the same straight line KEL. - -[Illustration: (drawing described above)] - -The curve of the 'topsides' presents more difficulty, because we are -only given the radius of the 'sweep above the breadth,' but if we -assume that the distance CM, or total height of the midship section -above the greatest breadth, is equal to AC (and this seems to have -been the customary proportion), and that the reverse curve NO was -struck with the same radius as FN, namely 14 feet, we get a curve -for the half midship section ADLIFNO which cannot be far from the -original design, and in the lower portion must approximate to it very -closely indeed. - -There are no data from which the plan or elevation can be -constructed, but it may be noted that the list in the State Papers -already quoted gives the length of keel as 127 feet, although the -tonnage remains as fixed by Pennington, so that, presumably, the -rakes of the stem- and stern-posts were also modified so as not to -increase the displacement, or rather the empirical measurement of it. -Some time during this year Peter Pett was petitioning the King for -license to print and publish 'the plot or draught of the great ship,' -a concession which he had apparently been promised,[166] but there -is no record of the answer returned to his petition, nor is there -any trace of the drawing, which may have been the original of the -well-known engraving by Payne. In 1663 Christopher Pett gave Pepys -a copy of the 'plate of the Soverayne with the table to it,'[167] -but whether this was Peter Pett's 'plot' or Payne's engraving with -additional details cannot now be ascertained. - -Pett estimated the cost of building the ship at 13,860_l._, and was -to be required to 'put in assurance' to finish her for 16,000_l._; -but, before she was complete, wages alone had amounted to more than -this sum, while the total cost, exclusive of ordnance, reached the -extraordinary amount of 40,833_l._ In May Pett set out for the north -to fell and prepare the 2500 trees required for her in Chopwell and -Brancepeth Woods. The cost of carriage of the timber to the water, -estimated at 1190_l._ at least, fell upon the counties of Durham -and Northumberland, and Bishop Morton of Durham, who had been made -responsible for the provision of this service, had to apply to the -Council for assistance in proportioning out the assessment. The -county of Northumberland objected to the burden to be placed upon it, -and it was suggested that Cumberland, Westmoreland, and the North -Riding of Yorkshire should bear part. By the beginning of September -the timber had begun to arrive at Woolwich, and Pett expected to have -the ship finished in eighteen months. - -On the 19th September Phineas found it necessary to protest to the -King against the interference of the other officers, who had 'from -the beginning opposed the King's purpose in building this ship,'[168] -and especially against being made to take material of which he did -not approve, and against the attempt to charge the ship with the -cost of houses then being built at Woolwich. He pointed out that -he could not keep the cost within the estimate if such practices, -which seem to have been customary, were permitted. The Navy Officers -complained to the Admiralty of Pett's action, and he was called -before the Admiralty, when he denied that he had complained to the -King about any of them.[169] Possibly the great disproportion between -the estimated and the ultimate cost of the ship was to some extent -due to the fact that his protest was not successful, though it is -difficult to believe that his original estimate can have been even -approximately accurate. He had also under-estimated by six months the -time required to build her. - -[Sidenote: The Last Years.] - -The manuscript ends abruptly with Pett's visit to the Lord High -Admiral on the 1st October 1638, and, curiously enough, the -references to him in the State Papers--hitherto frequent--cease -at the same date, with a letter from Northumberland to Pennington -mentioning this visit. Except for one reference in connexion with -a gratuity to be given to Henry Goddard in April 1645, his name is -never again mentioned therein. Yet he remained in the service and -carried on his duties at Chatham until his death. - -On 28th June 1642 the King sent him a warrant informing him of -the appointment of Pennington as Lord High Admiral in place of -Northumberland, and directing him to send the standard and all -necessaries for the fleet as Sir John should direct.[170] It will -be remembered that Pennington hesitated and waited before going to -the Fleet, with the result that Warwick, who had been nominated by -Parliament to take command, went on board the flagship on the 2nd -July, and the Fleet went over to the Parliamentary side. On the -20th August Colonels Sir John Seaton and Edwyn Sandis, acting on -instructions from the Committee of Public Safety, went to Chatham -Dockyard, 'which was surrendered to them by Captain Pett when he saw -their warrant.'[171] This was on Saturday evening, and on the Monday -they completed their work by placing a guard on board the Sovereign. - -Pett was rewarded for his ready obedience by being included among -the Commissioners of the Navy appointed by Ordinance on the 15th -September,[172] and he was to receive the same allowance as he -already held, although the other captains (except Batten) and John -Hollond were only given 100_l._ a year. From this time until his -death in August 1647, in his seventy-seventh year, he seems to have -remained quietly at Chatham, perhaps too old to take any very active -part in current affairs, for he has certainly left no mark upon -them. His death seems to have occurred unnoticed; the exact date is -unknown,[173] and there is no record of his will--if he made one. The -last entry concerning him in the official records[174] relates to the -payment of his salary up to 29th September 1647, when he had passed -away, but no reference is made to that fact. It is curious that Sir -Henry Vane, the Treasurer of the Navy in 1647, who had corresponded -with Pett, and must have known of his death, has left a blank in -place of his name in the entry in these accounts relating to the -salary of Thomas Smith,[175] who succeeded to Pett's post at Chatham -on the 28th August. - -No authentic portrait of Phineas is known to exist. He tells us that -in 1612 his 'picture was begun to be drawn by a Dutchman working then -with Mr. Rock,' one of the ship-painters, but does not say if it was -ever finished. The picture in the National Portrait Gallery, which -shows the stern view of the Sovereign, at one time supposed to be a -portrait of Phineas, is now acknowledged to be that of his son Peter. -Another picture, in the possession of the Earl of Yarborough, has -been exhibited in the past as a portrait of Phineas, but there can -be no doubt that it really represents Sir Phineas (son of Peter of -Deptford and grandson of Peter of Wapping), who was a Commissioner -of the Navy from 1685 to 1689. The ship included in this picture is -probably the Britannia, built by Sir Phineas in 1682. - -[Sidenote: Phineas Pett's Character.] - -In forming any just appreciation of the character and abilities -of Phineas Pett, regard must be had to the circumstances of age -in which he lived. It was a time of great political and religious -unrest, and expressions of religious devotion which might now be -thought extravagant were then normal, and were apparently not -thought incongruous with dishonesty in money matters. The chronic -maladministration of the Navy, and the arrears in payment of the -relatively small salaries allotted to responsible posts, may to -some extent justify methods of acquiring additional emoluments that -nowadays are judged more severely. - -Pett's kindness towards his unfortunate brothers and sisters shows -a good heart, and there must have been something attractive in his -character to secure him the steady support of Nottingham, James -I, and Charles I, which went so far as to shield him against the -consequences of his misdeeds. - -The favoured position which he held, and the privilege he enjoyed -of direct intercourse with the supreme heads of the Navy behind -the backs of his immediate superiors, brought Pett into conflict -with the latter on many occasions. It is not necessary to accept -the explanation of Phineas that these incidents were the results of -conspiracies directed against him. To oppose him was a deadly sin; -thus, Burrell, who was 'a worthy gentleman and good friend' when -he stood on Pett's side in the Prince Royal inquiry, became Pett's -'greatest enemy,' engaged in the 'malicious practice' of 'tending -to overthrow me and root my name out of the earth' because he was -appointed one of the Commissioners of Inquiry in 1618. - -Pett was evidently interested in the various efforts made in the -early seventeenth century to explore and colonise the coasts of -North America. He frequently refers to his friendship with Button, -and states that he assisted in the selection of the Resolution for -the voyage of 1612. He was, moreover, a kinsman of Hawkridge and an -acquaintance of Foxe; while Gibbons was the master of his ship the -Resistance. The disparaging remark on Waymouth's 'mistaking his -course (as he did in the North-West Passage)'[176] shows that he -was acquainted with the story of the voyage of 1602, but the most -competent modern authorities do not agree with this opinion of Pett -(and of his contemporary Foxe), and hold that Waymouth did in fact -enter the straits subsequently called after Hudson and sail along -them for a considerable distance.[177] Pett was also a member of -the Virginia Company, though he does not mention this fact. His -name appears in the second and third Charters of the Company (1609 -and 1612), and in 1611 he subscribed the sum of 37_l._ 10_s._ This -was the lowest subscription allowable for members, but it was a -comparatively large sum for those days. - -Evidently Phineas, in spite of his large and growing family, was at -this time fairly prosperous, and had an income considerably greater -than the 54_l._ 15_s._ which represented his official salary and -allowance. No doubt this income was augmented by the trading ventures -in the Resistance and by shipbuilding for private owners and by -various official 'perquisites.' In 1614 it was increased by 40_l._, -granted him by the King under writ of Privy Seal, but in 1617 and -the following years his bad speculations in regard to the Destiny, -the pinnace built for Lord Zouch, the Mercury, and the Spy, made -serious inroads into his capital and burdened him with a load of -debt which seems to have weighed upon him for many years and given -him much trouble. James came to his assistance in 1620 by presenting -him with a patent for a baronetcy which brought him about 650_l._, -and Charles gave him another in 1628 which only fetched 200_l._ -His appointment as a Commissioner of the Navy in 1631 increased his -official income to 200_l._, exclusive of the 40_l._ payable on the -writ of Privy Seal. With this substantial addition to his salary he -was in a position to gradually improve his finances, and after 1634 -we hear no more of the actions for debt. - -From the story of his life as now unfolded it is clear that Phineas -Pett was a man of considerable ability and industry, kindly to -his friends, but impetuous and quick-tempered; 'well-in' with the -authorities, and apt to take advantage of that fact when he disagreed -with his equals or superiors. It is probable that he was slightly in -advance of his contemporaries in the profession of shipbuilding, -but not to the extent commonly supposed. Here his autobiography -has stood him in good stead, for it has attached to his name a -personality that makes his existence seem more real and of more -moment to a later age in which his professional contemporaries have -become shadowy names. It is difficult to say what was his real motive -in writing it, but it was probably commenced as an explanation of -his position in regard to the Prince Royal dispute of 1608, and -afterwards continued partly for recreation; partly, perhaps, for -the edification of his children. Pepys appears to have thought much -of it, for he took the trouble to copy it into his collection of -miscellanea; but it is certainly wanting in the candour and honesty -of the celebrated Diary, and seems to have been written in order -to convey a favourable impression to the reader, and explain away -doubtful deeds, rather than as a real revelation of self. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[94] 'The rage for Bible names dates from the decade 1560-1570, which -decade marks the rise of Puritanism.'--Bardsley, _Curiosities of -Puritan Nomenclature_, p. 39. - -[95] Numbers xxvi. 11-13. - -[96] _Cott. MSS._, Otho E. vii. fol. 155. - -[97] _Misc._ x. 353. There are errors in this transcript, which has -been corrected, so far as possible, from the original. - -[98] Double-dealer; probably he refers to Bright. - -[99] MS. flattsheate.' Pepys has transcribed this 'flat cheat.' - -[100] _Sic_ in transcript, probably 'far.' - -[101] _Cal. S.P. Dom._, 26 Feb. 1626. - -[102] _Monson Tracts_, ii. 140. - -[103] _Miscell._, vol. x. pp. 257-262: _A large and particular -complaint against Phineas Pett relating to abuses in the Navy about -the end of the Queen's and beginning of King James's Reign._ _Cf._ -Dr. Tanner's Introduction in _Hollond's Discourses of the Navy_ -(N.R.S., vol. vii.). What is probably the same account is calendared -by the Hist. MSS. Commission (_Coke MSS_, vol. i. p. 36) as '1602 Oct -14, 1603 June 19 allegations by George Colyson of abstraction of sea -stores, and other frauds by Phineas Pett.' - -[104] _Infra_, p. 18. - -[105] _Infra_, p. 70. - -[106] _Cott. MSS._, Julius F. 111--the depositions of Pett and -various witnesses; _S.P.D._ James I, xxxi. 51--memorandum drawn up -from the above; _S.P.D._ James I, xli.--report of the Commission, -drawn up by Sir Robert Cotton, with analytical draft and notes -attached. - -[107] The capital of Spain from 1601 to 1606. - -[108] _Pat. Roll_, 1771. - -[109] The names were as follows: Henry, Earl of Northampton; -Charles, Earl of Nottingham; Lord Zouch; Lord Wotton, Comptroller -of the Household; Sir Julius Cæsar, Chancellor of the Exchequer; -Sir Thomas Parry, Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster; Sir Edward -Phillips and Sir John Doderidge, Serjeants-at-Law; Sir Henry Hobart, -Attorney-General; Sir Francis Bacon, Solicitor-General; Sir William -Waade, Lieutenant of the Tower; Sir Charles Parkins; Sir Robert -Cotton; Sir Thomas Crompton; and John Corbett, a Clerk of the Privy -Council. _Pat. Roll_, 1770. - -[110] _Cott. MSS._, Julius F. 111. - -[111] _S.P. Dom._ James I, xli. The 'book of reformation' referred to -at p. 37. Northampton also made a report direct to the King, which -deals, however, only in generalities.--_Royal MSS._ 18 A, xxxiv. - -[112] Pp. lxiv and 29 _et seq._ - -[113] _Pipe Off. Dec. Accts._ 2247. 'New Building the Victory in dry -dock at Woolwich;' _ibid._ 2248, 'Shipkeepers attending the Victory, -now named the Prince Royal'; 'New Building the Victory now named the -Prince Royal.' - -[114] The relative dimensions were: _Prince Royal_--length of keel -115 ft.; breadth 43 ft.; depth 18 ft. _Merhonour_--length of keel -110 ft.; breadth 37 ft.; depth 17 ft. Baker built the _Merhonour_ by -contract for £3600. - -[115] The _Resistance_. - -[116] The _Answer_. He does not include the _Anne Royal_, which had -just been finished. - -[117] The _Moon_. - -[118] 'There are two kinds of furring, the one is after a ship -is built, to lay on another plank upon the side of her (which is -called plank upon plank). The other, which is more eminent, and -more properly furring, is to rip off the first planks and to put -other timbers upon the first, and so to put on the planks upon -these timbers. The occasion of it is to make a ship bear a better -sail, for when a ship is too narrow, and the bearing either not -laid out enough, or too low, then they must make her broader, and -lay her bearing higher. They commonly fur some two or three strakes -under water and as much above, according as the ship requires, -more or less. I think in all the world there are not so many ships -furred as are in England, and it is a pity that there is no order -taken, either for the punishing of those who build such ships, -or the utter preventing of it, for it is an infinite loss to the -owners, and an utter spoiling and disgrace to all ships that are so -handled.'--Mainwaring, _Seaman's Dictionary_, s.v. Fur. - -[119] Add^l. MS. 19889. - -[120] _Harl. MS._ 309, f. 68. - -[121] _S.P. Dom._, James I, xlv. 33. - -[122] See note on p. lxviii. In this case pieces were laid upon the -outsides of the timbers to make the mould broader. - -[123] See note on p. 37. - -[124] The sweeps are the circular arcs of the mould; see the mould of -the _Sovereign_ on p. xcvi. - -[125] 'The Harpings of a Ship is the breadth of her at the bow: also -some call the ends of the bends, which are fastened into the stem, -the Harpings.'--Mainwaring, _Seaman's Dictionary_. - -[126] Overhang. - -[127] Holes cut through the timbers over the keel to allow the bilge -water to run to the pump. - -[128] See note on p. 60. - -[129] _I.e._ the overlap of the joint was not sufficient. - -[130] The inside planking upon the floor timbers, sometimes called -'seeling' or 'ceiling.' - -[131] The rungheads at the ends of the floor timbers, where these -begin to curve upward into the lower (or runghead) sweep. - -[132] _I.e._ shortened the futtock sweep. - -[133] The moulds fore and aft in which the lower sweeps become -concave instead of convex exteriorly. - -[134] Add^l. MS. 18037. - -[135] At Hinchinbrook, Hampton Court, and Windsor Castle. See R. -C. Anderson, '_The Prince Royal_ and other Ships of James I,' in -_Mariner's Mirror_, vol. iii. (1913), in which these pictures are -reproduced. - -[136] Pepysian MS. 2820. - -[137] Add^l. MS. 9299, f. 206. - -[138] _Coke MSS. (Hist. MSS.)_, I. 114. See also pp. 124, 125, -_infra_. - -[139] Add. MSS. 9294 f. 409 and 9300. - -[140] _I.e._ in 1621. - -[141] Appendix V, p. 207. - -[142] It need scarcely be pointed out that the illustrations in -Charnock's _Marine Architecture_ do not remotely resemble the real -ship. - -[143] Burrell quarrelled with the Company in 1626 and was dismissed -their service. He died in 1630. - -[144] See especially Playfair, _The Scourge of Christendom_; Corbett, -_England in the Mediterranean_, vol. i., chap. viii.; and Oppenheim, -_Monson Tracts_, vol. iii. p. 94 _et seq._ - -[145] _S.P. Dom._, James I, cxxxiv. 60. - -[146] _I.e._ his wages as captain of the _Mercury_. - -[147] _Infra_, pp. 139, 141. - -[148] About 1631. In January 1634 he is stated to have been dead -three years. - -[149] He refers especially to his loss on the _Destiny_. For this -use of 'main' in the sense of considerable,' _cf._ 'a very main -loss.'--_N.E.D._ - -[150] _Infra_, p. 154. The above account has been collected from the -_S.P. Dom._, James I, ccxv. p. 98; ccxxviii. f. 14, 84_a_; ccxxi. 45; -ccxxxii. 27; ccxxxiii. 10; ccxxxviii. 89; ccxlii. 3, 36; ccxlvii. 84; -ccli. 18; cclix. 10. - -[151] Appendix VI, p. 210. - -[152] App. VII, p. 212. - -[153] _Infra_, p. 126. - -[154] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I., ccli. 74. - -[155] _Infra_, p. 153. - -[156] It was 252_l._ 6_s._ 9_d._ - -[157] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, cclx. 108, ccxxviii. f. 122. - -[158] Appendix VIII, p. 214. - -[159] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, cclxiv. ff. 67_a_, 87_a_. - -[160] Storekeeper at Deptford. He seems to have had some knowledge -of design, for in 1626 and 1627 he had been associated with Pett, -Stevens, Lydiard, and Gunter, the mathematician, in drawing up new -rules for ship measurement. - -[161] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, cclxxxvi. 44. - -[162] The transverse section at the greatest breadth. - -[163] The curves passing through the ends of the floor timbers, as -referred to the plan and elevation respectively. - -[164] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, cclxxxvi. 105. - -[165] Add. MSS. 9300 f. 64; 9336 f. 53. _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, -ccclxviii. 121. In this list, which is dated September 1637, the ship -is not named. The keel length is given as 127 ft., depth from breadth -to top of keel as 19 ft. 4 ins., and breadth as 46 ft. 6 ins. - -[166] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, cccvi. 83. - -[167] _Diary_, Jan. 31, 1663. - -[168] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, ccxcviii. 20. - -[169] _S.P. Dom._, Chas. I, ccxcix. 2, 12. - -[170] _Hist. MSS. Report_, v. 33. - -[171] _Hist. MSS. Report_, v. 46. - -[172] Firth, _Acts and Ordinances of the Interregnum_, i. 27. - -[173] He was buried in Chatham Church on August 21. - -[174] _Pipe Office Dec. Accts._ 2286. - -'Phineas Pett, Esq., another of the said Commissioners and one of the -principal officers of the Navy, for his salary at 200_l._ per annum, -8_d._ per diem for one clerk and 6_l._ per annum for paper, pens -etc., due to him for the same time ended as the former [i.e. _the -year ended September 29, 1647_] - - 217_l._ 3_s._ 4_d._ - -'Thomas Smith, Esq., now one of the Commissioners of the Navy in -the room and place of (_blank_) for the entertainment of himself at -200_l._ per annum and two clerks at 16_d._ per diem and 6_l._ per -annum for paper money due to him for 34 days begun the 28th of August -1647 and ended the 30th of September following - - 22_l._ 9_s._ 4_d._' - -[175] Smith, who had been Northumberland's secretary, had been -appointed Secretary of the Admiralty by Ordinance of the same date -as the one by which Pett had been re-appointed a Commissioner of the -Navy in 1642. - -[176] _Infra_, p. 71. - -[177] See Christy, _Voyages of Foxe and James_ (Hakl. Soc.) and -Asher, _Henry Hudson the Navigator_ (Hakl. Soc.). - - - - -[Illustration: (ornate section header)] - - - - -AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF PHINEAS PETT - - -I, Phineas[178] Pett, being the son of Mr. Peter Pett of Deptford -Strond[179] in the County of Kent, one of her Majesty's Master -Shipwrights, was born in my father's dwelling house in the same town -one All Saints' day in the morning, being the first day of November -in the year of our Lord 1570, and was baptized the 8th of the same -month and year aforesaid in the parish church of Deptford Strond -aforesaid. - -I was brought up in my father's house at Deptford Strond until I -was almost nine years of age, and then put out to a free school at -Rochester in Kent, to one Mr. Webb, with whom I boarded about one -year, and afterward lay at Chatham Hill in my father's lodging in the -Queen's House, from whence I went every day to school to Rochester -and came home at night for three years space. Afterwards, by reason -of my small profiting at this school, my father removed me from -thence to Greenwich to a private school kept by one Mr. Adams, where -I so well profited that in three years I was made fit for Cambridge. - -In the year 1586 at Shrovetide, against bachelor's commencement, I -was sent to the University of Cambridge, and by the means of one Mr. -Howell,[180] a Minister in Essex, I was placed in Emanuel College -with a reverend tutor, President of the house, called Mr. Charles -Chadwick, where I was allowed 20_l._ per annum during my father's -life, besides books, apparel, and other necessaries. - -In the year 1589, about the 6th day of September, it pleased God[181] -to call to his mercy my reverend loving father, whose loss proved -afterward my utter undoing almost, had not God been more merciful -unto me; for leaving all things to my mother's directions, her fatal -matching with a most wicked husband, one Mr. Thomas Nunn,[182] a -Minister, brought a general ruin both to herself and whole family. - -Some two months after my father's decease or thereabouts, my eldest -sister Rachel was married to one Mr. Newman, Minister of Canewdon in -Essex, a man of most dissolute life, with whom she not long enjoyed, -for God, of his great mercy, took her and delivered her from a most -miserable and slavish life wherein she lived with him; by whom he had -two children, but both died. - -By reason of my mother's cross matching, my means of maintenance -being wholly taken from me, and having no hopes of exhibition from -any friend, I was forced after four years continuance in Cambridge, -my graces for Bachelor of Art being passed both in house and town, to -abandon the University presently after Christmas in anno 1590. - -At Candlemas after, I, by the instant persuasion of my mother, was -contented to put myself to be an apprentice to become a shipwright -(my father's profession) and was bound a covenant servant[183] to -one Mr. Richard Chapman of Deptford Strond in Kent, one of her -Majesty's Master Shipwrights, and one whom my father had bred of a -child to that profession, my allowance from him to find myself tools -and apparel being bare but 46 shillings and 8 pence per annum. This -man I served almost two years altogether at Chatham in the Queen's -Majesty's Works, and then he died; where I spent all that time, God -he knoweth, to very little purpose. - -After my foresaid master his death, I laboured to have served Mr. -Mathew Baker, one of her Majesty's Master Shipwrights also; but by -the working of one Mr. Peter Buck,[184] then Clerk of the Check at -Chatham, and some other back friends, I was crossed in my service -and so put to my shifts, and left to the wide world without either -comfort or friend, but only God. - -At this time my eldest brother by my father's side, Mr. Joseph -Pett, succeeded in my father's place, one of her Majesty's Master -Shipwrights, which preferment no doubt God brought him to the better -to enable him to have given his help to us; but we found it clean -contrary, for he was not only careless of us all and left us to our -fortunes, but became also so unkind a brother to two of us, my own -brother Noah and myself, that he was forced to leave his native -country and seek comfort in Ireland with an uncle of ours, own -brother to my mother, called George Thornton, an ancient and well -experienced sea captain; where he shortly after was drowned in the -river of Cork; and myself was constrained to ship myself to sea upon -a desperate voyage in a man of war,[185] not greatly caring what -became of me. - -I was shipped on this voyage a little before Christmas in anno 1592, -in a ship called the Gallion Constance of London, of burden of 200 -tons or thereabouts, belonging to a gentleman of Suffolk, one Captain -Edward Glenham,[186] for the carpenter's mate, the master carpenter -being one Edward Goodale, born in Deptford. To my setting out to -sea, I found not any of my kindred so kind as to help me, either -with money or clothes, or any other comfort; only another brother I -had by my father's side, Peter Pett, dwelling then at Wapping, that -vouchsafed me lodging and meat and drink till the ship was ready to -set sail; one William King, a yeoman in Essex and a stranger to me, -lent me 3_l._ in ready money to help to furnish my necessaries, which -afterward I repaid him again. - -In this voyage I endured much misery for want of victuals and -apparel; and after twenty months spent in the Levant Seas, coasts of -Barbary and Spain, with many hazards both of loss of life and time, -without taking any purchase[187] of any value, we, extreme poorly, -returned for Ireland into the river of Cork; and there taking leave -both of ship and voyage, I travelled to Dublin[188] to visit my uncle -Captain Thornton and my brother Noah, being then master with him in -the Popinjay of the Queen's Majesty's; and presently after bent my -course for England, taking passage at the town of Waterford. - -With some difficulty I got to London, some three days before -Christmas in anno 1594, having neither money nor apparel, and took -up my lodging at my brother Peter's house in Wapping, before spoken -of, who, although I was returned very poor, yet vouchsafed me kind -entertainment. The next day I presented myself to my brother Joseph, -who very coyly receiving me, out of his bounty lent me 40_s._ to -apparel myself, which I bestowed as frugally as I could in Birchin -Lane in London, contenting myself as well as I could with mean -attire, till such time as it should please God to provide better for -me. - -At that time it so fell out that there were certain of her Majesty's -ships appointed to be made ready for the voyage of Sir Francis Drake -and Sir John Hawkyns, amongst which the Defiance[189] was to be -brought into Woolwich Dock to be sheathed; which work being commended -to my brother Joseph's charge, he was contented to admit me amongst -many others to be one, where I was contented to take any pains to -get something to apparel myself, which by God's blessing I performed -before Easter next after, and that in very good fashion, always -endeavouring to keep company with men of good rank far better than -myself. - -In the latter end of this year 1594 about the beginning of Lent, I -lost my dear brother Noah, who was drowned in Cork river with eight -more of his company, and lieth buried in Cork church in Ireland. - -About Bartholomew tide in anno 1595, the Triumph of her Majesty's -was had into Woolwich Dock to be new builded by Mr. Mathew Baker, -under whom I was entertained there as an ordinary workman and had -allowed me a boy, which was John Wood, being the first servant that -I ever kept; but presently after Mr. Baker was appointed to leave -that business, and had order to go in hand with the building of a -great new ship at Deptford, called afterward the Repulse,[190] and -was admiral of my Lord's of Essex squadron in the Cadiz journey. The -Triumph[191] was then appointed to my brother Joseph's charge, with -whom I a while continued, but, finding him altogether unwilling to -prefer[192] me in his work as next under him, with some passage of -discontent betwixt us, I left him, and had ready entertainment by -Mr. Baker in his new business at Deptford, yet no otherwise than an -ordinary workman; with whom I continued from the beginning of the -foresaid ship, till she was wholly finished, launched, and set sail -of her voyage from Woolwich, which was about the latter end of April -1596. - -All that winter, in the evenings, commonly I spent my time to good -purposes, as in cyphering, drawing, and practising to attain the -knowledge of my profession, and I then found Mr. Baker sometime -forward to give me instructions, from whose help I must acknowledge I -received my greatest lights. At this time also the Lord Admiral[193] -lay most of the winter at his house[194] at Deptford, by reason -whereof I got some acquaintance amongst his men, and was much -importuned to have attended his Lordship in that journey,[195] which -no doubt might have proved very much both profitable and beneficial -unto me, besides it would have brought me in acquaintance and favour -with my Lord Admiral, but some other reasons restrained me from all -these likelihoods and kept me at home, to my no small hindrance as it -fell out. - -After I was discharged from the Repulse, my brother Joseph -entertained me at Woolwich upon the Triumph, upon which ship I -wrought till her launching and the discharge of the men from her, and -afterwards was employed at my brother's, at Limehouse, upon a small -model for the Lord Treasurer[196] his house called Theobalds,[197] -and the next winter I spent in Essex, at Paglesham[198] in Rochford -Hundred, as overseer for my brother Peter in certain woods he had -bought there. - -About this time, was I very desirous, by the instigation of some -special friends of mine, to have been a follower of the Lord of -Essex, and was three several times brought purposely to have been -presented unto his lordship, but was every time delayed by reason of -his great state[199] affairs, the Lord of heaven having other ways in -his secret wisdom determined to dispose of me. - -In the latter end of March succeeding, or beginning of April 1597, -by the means of one Mr. Gilbert Wood, one of the Lord Admiral's -Chamber, an especial good friend of mine, I was presented to the Lord -High Admiral of England, at his Manor at Chelsea, where his lordship -was pleased not only to accept me as his servant, but also openly -shewed such extraordinary respect of me as I had much cause to give -God thanks, who no doubt had stirred his honourable heart to regard -me, but a simple and mean fellow, even far beyond my expectation or -desert, and this was the very first beginning of my rising. - -In the beginning of this year, 1597, my dear and loving mother -deceased at Weston in Suffolk, not far from Bury, and lieth buried -in the parish church there. A little after midsummer in the same -year, I was employed by my brother Joseph Pett, in his yard at -Limehouse, upon the repairing of a great Flemish ship of whom was -master Mr. John King of Limehouse, where I first came acquainted -with him, and in his company and Mr. Nicolas Simonson of Limehouse, -I was first brought acquainted at Highwood Hill[200] where I first -fell in love with my now wife, which was about St. James' tide.[201] -About Bartholomew tide[202] next following, the Elizabeth Jonas -was brought into her Majesty's Dock at Woolwich, and there was the -first preferment my brother Joseph holp me with, making me principal -overseer of that business under him. During all the time of this -work, we both lodged and dieted at old Mr. Lydiard's[203] in the yard. - -During the continuance of this work I did not neglect my wooing, -having taken such a liking of the maiden that I determined resolutely -(by God's help) either to match with her or never to marry any; the -which I with much difficulty (praised be God) at length achieved, all -my own kindred being much against my matching with her, by reason of -some controversies grown twixt Mr. Nicolas Simonson and them. - -Toward the end of February in this present year, I took the lease -of a new house (of Mr. William Borough,[204] then Comptroller of -her Majesty's Navy) at Limehouse by the through head,[205] which to -some charge I fitted for my dwelling, although I remained not in it -little more than two years, paying 11_l._ yearly rent, and 20_l._ -income.[206] - -I was married to my now wife Ann, the daughter of Richard Nicholls -of Highwood Hill in the parish of Hendon in Middlesex, a man of good -report and honest stock, the 15th day of May 1598 at Stepney Church -upon a Monday in the forenoon. I kept my wedding at my own charge in -my new dwelling house at Limehouse, accompanied with my brothers and -sisters, my wife's parents, and divers of her friends and kindred. - -About midsummer after, was the Elizabeth Jonas launched out of -Woolwich Dock, and sudden preparation made to have received her -Majesty aboard the ship riding afloat; but upon some unknown reasons -her Majesty came not at all, for even at that instant had one Mr. -Wiggs[207] procured commission about examination of certain abuses -in the Navy, which was pursued with a great deal of malice against -divers particular men but with little profit to her Majesty's service. - -From midsummer, all the ensuing year, till Christmas I lay still and -idle without any manner employment or comings in but what my servants -got with working now and then abroad, which was very little and -hardly able to buy me food. - -About Christmas my honourable lord and master the Lord High Admiral -commended me to an employment in Suffolk and Norfolk for the -finishing of a purveyance of timber and plank formerly undertaken by -one Child of Sole,[208] who dealt in Norfolk and, dying, left the -business in much disorder. - -And one Robert Ungle[209] who dealt in Suffolk and, for divers -abuses by him there committed, fled the country and left all the -service in great disorder and spoil; for the rectifying of which -abuses, saving of her Majesty's provisions, and discharging of the -countries,[210] it pleased my Lord to make choice of me to undertake -the same, and to take order to send in all the said provisions -of timber and plank; which accordingly I did, using all care and -diligence in the performance of the same, both to the content of her -Majesty's service, my Lord Admiral and the Officers of the Navy, and -the satisfaction of all countries where I had to do. Notwithstanding -through the malicious envy of old Mathew Baker, Bright, Adye, and -others[211] all my doings and accounts were throughly sifted, but -thanks be to God nothing could be proved against me, so that I had -all my bills passed quietly; but by reason Mr. Fulke Greville,[212] -being then Treasurer of the Navy, did not greatly affect[213] -me, by cause of some particular spleens between him and Mr. John -Trevor,[214] then newly made Surveyor, who was my especial and -worshipful friend, he laid a rub[215] in my way, cutting me off -wrongfully of twenty pounds in my accounts after all my bills were -passed and signed by the hands of the Principal Officers, according -to the custom of the Navy. - -All this year of 1599, I spent wholly in this service, in which time -these occurrences happened. - -After the decease of my dear and loving mother there were left under -the keeping of my father-in-law,[216] Thomas Nunn, then Minister of -Weston in Suffolk, three sisters, vide: Abigail Pett, Elizabeth and -Mary, the youngest, and one brother named Peter Pett, who was put -out to a gentleman's house in Suffolk to teach his children, the -daughters remaining all at home with him, he being then lately again -married. - -He used himself to them as a stern and cruel father-in-law, not -contented that he had brought a general ruin upon my mother's whole -family by cosening us of all that was left us, but proceeded further, -even to blood, for upon a slight occasion about making clean his -cloak, being wet and dirty with riding a journey the day before, he -furiously fell upon my eldest sister Abigail, beating her so cruelly -with a pair of tongs and a great firebrand that she died within three -days upon that beating and was privately by his means buried; but God -that would not let murder pass unrevenged, stirred up the hearts of -his own parishioners and neighbours, who, complaining to the Justice, -caused the body to be taken up, and so by the coroner's inquest that -passed upon her and miraculous tokens of the dead corpse, as fresh -bleeding, sensible opening of one of her eyes, and other things, he -was found guilty of her death and so committed and bound over to -answer the matter at next General Assizes to be held at Bury, which -was in the Lent after, being in this year 1599, and in the time of my -employment in Suffolk and Norfolk. - -Upon his committing, my two other poor sisters were put by the -justices to the keeping of the town of Weston, till the assizes[217] -were past, at whose hands I received them at Bury in a miserable -fashion, not having clothes nor any necessaries fit for them; the -charge of their board I was glad to defray to the constable, and -all the charge of the assizes, where both they and my young brother -were bound to give in evidence against our father-in-law, to whom -we shewed more mercy than he did to us, whom our spoil would not -content, but he thirsted also our blood. In his arraignment Sir John -Popham, then Lord Chief Justice of England and Chief Judge of that -circuit, shewed such true justice (notwithstanding great means was -made for him, not only by his friends, but by the clergy of that -country), that all his cruelty and wicked proceedings was laid open -and he, convict of manslaughter by the jury, was committed to prison -to sue for the benefit of the Queen's pardon,[218] from whence being -shortly freed, he, by God's just revenging hand, lived but a short -time after. - -From the assizes at Bury I sent my brother and my two sisters home to -my wife at Limehouse, being no small charge to me, being but newly -married and having little means but my hands to bring in anything, -yet I refused not to do the duty of a brother to them to the utmost -of my power; the eldest of my sisters, called Elizabeth, by means of -friends I placed in London with a gentlewoman of good fashion, where -she continued not long, but came home sick and died at my house as -we doubted of the plague. My youngest sister sickened also shortly -after, but it proved the small pox. - -In all these extremities I had little help from my brothers, who -were bound in conscience to have had some care of them, the small -portions they had being in the hands of my eldest brother Joseph, yet -no relief came from him towards their maintenance or bringing up; but -being but half brothers and sisters they thought them less bound to -do them good and therefore left all the burden upon me, worst able of -all to bear it. - -My youngest sister Mary, recovering her sickness, continued with me -in my house contenting herself with such breeding as I could give -her; from whence she never removed till she was married from me. -My young brother Peter, about the end of November, I placed with a -worshipful gentleman, Doctor Hone,[219] in the Arches,[220] as one of -his clerks, where he might have lived well if he would have stayed -with him. - -In December this year, 1599, I began a small model, which being -perfected and very exquisitely set out and rigged, I presented it to -my good friend Mr. John Trevor, who very kindly accepted the same of -me. - -In the beginning of this year, I, having no employment, determined -with myself to have bought some part of a castle carvel[221] and to -have gone in her myself; whereby I hoped (by God's blessing) to have -gotten an honest and convenient maintenance, and to that end I began -to follow one John Goodwin of London, professor of the mathematics, -with whom I spent three days in a week in practice, and so was -purposed to have continued the whole year till the spring following; -but God, who in his secret counsel had otherwise decreed of me, -altered all my determinations, for upon the 25th day of June I was -sent for to the Court, lying then at Greenwich, by my honourable lord -and master the Lord High Admiral who, after some speeches expressing -both his love and honourable care of me, his lordship concluded to -send me down to Chatham, where I was to succeed in the place of one -John Holding, a shipwright that was keeper of the plank yard timber -and other provisions (upon some displeasure turned out of all), the -means whereof being but small, as 18_d._ per diem and 6_l._ per annum -fee for myself, and allowance for one servant at 16_d._ per diem. - -I was very unwilling to undertake so mean a place, by the which I was -neither sure of competent maintenance nor of any reputation, but that -I was encouraged by the persuasions of my ever honourable lord, who -comforted me with promises of better preferment to the utmost of his -power; whereupon I being contented to accept his lordship's offer, -I was, the 27th of the same month of June, placed at Chatham by Sir -Henry Palmer, then Comptroller, Mr. John Trevor, Surveyor, and Mr. -Peter Buck, Clerk of the Ships. - -At this time there was grown very high terms of unkindness between my -brother Joseph and me about my poor sisters and brother, because he -did not only deny to be any ways contributory to their maintenance -but also made the neighbours believe that they were brought up at his -charge in my house, because he would not be troubled with them, when -God knoweth he never disbursed halfpenny to their bringing up, nor -cared what became of them. - -Now upon this occasion of my placing at Chatham, we were reconciled -and ever after lived together as loving brethren. It also happened -that Sir Fulke Greville, then Treasurer, continuing his spleen -against me for Mr. Trevor's sake, opposed me all he could, which -after turned me to much trouble. - -About the time of my coming to Chatham, Mr. Barker, the lord of -the Manor, was removed to a house he had bought at Boley Hill[222] -by Rochester, by reason whereof his Manor House wherein he formerly -dwelt at Chatham was void, the which house by means of my brother -Joseph's encouragement I ventured upon and took a lease for -twenty-one years, paying 25_l._ income, the which lease was sealed -unto me the 17th day of October, 1600. - -The 16th day of June in this year my youngest brother Peter, having, -against all the consent of his friends and without their knowledge, -forsaken his worshipful master Doctor Hone's service and betaken -himself to disordered courses, sickened at London at the sign of the -Dolphin in Water Lane, and the 21st day after deceased of the small -pox before I knew he was sick, whose charge both of his sickness -and funeral I was at, and saw him seemly interred, accompanied with -a good company of my friends, in Barking churchyard[223] in Tower -Street, the 23rd of the same month of June 1600. - -The 24th October, having bestowed all my poor stock upon the lease of -my house and the furnishing of the same in some convenient manner, -I shipped the same in [an] hoy of Rainham[224] and so removed to -Chatham, myself going down in the hoy; where I missed a great danger, -for at the west end of the Nore about 3 of the clock in the morning, -25th day, we were like to be surprised by a picking Dunkirk[225] full -of men who, being at our passing by (although it was very dark) at an -anchor, suddenly weighed and gave us chase, and had boarded us had -not God prevented him by our bearing up, the wind being at east; and -running ourselves on shore within the Swatch,[226] the next day we -got safe as high as Gillingham. - -My dwelling house at Limehouse I passed away with a great deal of -loss, both of income, rent and wainscotting to the value of 50_l._, -putting it over at 10_l._ per annum, when I was bound by lease to pay -11_l._ Yet was I glad to be rid of it upon any condition. - -Presently after Christyde[227] my wife, being great with child, fell -sick at Chatham and grew so weak that I was forced, about the 10th of -March following, to remove her, not without great hazard, to London, -and from there to her father's house at Highwood Hill in Middlesex, -where the 23rd day of March after, thanks be given to God, she was -delivered of her first born son, John Pett; from whence she returned -to Chatham in safety some two months after. - -Much about this time I was made an assistant to the Master -Shipwrights at Chatham, in the room of Thomas Bodman. In this year -the first business I undertook was the repairing of the Lion's Whelp -hauled up at the storehouse end at Chatham. - -In the year 1602 I also new built the Moon, hauled up in the same -place, enlarging her both in length and breadth, and this year also, -I, with Mr. Pickasee, undertook the victualling of the shipwrights -and caulkers at Chatham, which we continued only two months, to our -great loss; which we could never get recompensed by reason Mr. Fulke -Greville continued my heavy enemy, and was content to receive and -countenance informations against me, because he could not win me to -such conditions as he laboured me in, both against my good friend -Sir John Trevor (who then lay very dangerously sick at Plymouth) -and against many others serving with me at Chatham. The principal -informer and stirrer in this business against me was one George -Collins, sometimes carpenter of the Foresight, a very stubborn and -malicious fellow, who by Mr. Greville's countenance was suffered to -sue me at the common law upon an action of trespass for striking him -with a little rod upon the shoulder in the Queen's yard at Chatham, -upon a cause of mutiny in the time of victualling; and so little -relief had I against him, notwithstanding my Lord Admiral's favour, -that I was forced to compound with him and gave him 20 nobles[228] -ready money for satisfaction. Thus it pleased God to exercise me with -continual trouble and hindrances in the beginning of my service. - -In November this present year, 1602, Mr. Greville, having undertaken -the preparation of a Fleet with her Majesty, to be ready fitted to -sea by a set time, was contented (upon my promise to him to procure -the said Fleet to be fitted in six weeks) to receive me to his -favour, which promise I accordingly (by God's gracious assistance) -fully accomplished; by which means I had gained his love, favour and -good opinion, had there not happened a sudden alteration by the death -of her Majesty which presently followed. - -The 18th day of March 1603,[229] my wife was delivered of her second -son, Henry, at my house at Chatham. - -The 24th day of the same month, her Majesty of sacred memory deceased -at Richmond. - -The same day his Majesty, whom God grant long to reign, was -proclaimed at Westminster, London, and other places, and the next -day, being Friday and market day, at Rochester. - -This year happened the great plague throughout England, but -especially about London, by reason whereof many removed from thence -into divers places in the country where they had any friends or means -of succour. - -In the middle of July my brother Joseph, with his wife and children, -removed from his house at Limehouse to Ipswich. - -To transport them thither by sea I procured a small pinnace of his -Majesty's to be prepared ready, called the Primrose, and manning -her with my good friends and neighbours as Boatswain Vale,[230] -David Duck, Mr. Rock, Robert Perin, Jarvis Mins, and divers others, -together with myself, we embarked at Chatham the 14th of July, 1603, -and in Tilbury Hope took in our passengers; and the 16th day in the -afternoon landed them safely at Ipswich, where of their friends -we received very great entertainment, staying there about 4 days; -and the 21st day we arrived again at Chatham, thanks be to God, in -health, about 4 of the clock in the afternoon. - -The sickness beginning to be very hot at Chatham, upon the -persuasions of some of my friends I removed my wife and children -from thence to my wife's father's in Middlesex, shipping them away -in the same vessel I had to Ipswich, and landing at Dagenham[231] in -Essex, had horses there met us, and so journeyed to Highwood Hill. -This voyage was taken from Chatham the 16th of August; we came to -Highwood Hill the 19th day, where my wife and children remained -till the 3rd of October following, which day we took our journey to -Dagenham, where the next day we were stayed by a great rain, but the -4th day we came over the ferry at Greenhithe[232] and safely home, -thanks be given to God, at 4 of the clock that afternoon. - -This summer I began to new-build the Answer, being hauled up and -blocked at the end of the storehouse at Chatham. - -The 10th of November my landlord Mr. Barker, with some of his family, -sojourned with me at Chatham, where they remained till the 28th day -of the same month, and then returned to their own house at Boley Hill. - -During this time I divers times solicited my brother to be joined -patentee with him, but his remissness caused me to overslip -opportunity so long that one Mr. Stevens[233] of Limehouse, this -year, by means of some great friends about my Lord Admiral, got a -general reversion of all the Master Shipwrights' places, cutting -me off from all hopes of any timely preferment, to my great -discouragement considering what pains I took at Chatham to further -his Majesty's service. - -When I was most dejected with the conceit of this injury, as I -took it, it pleased God of His great mercy to me, even then when I -least expected any such thing, to raise me up a means of some hope -of preferment after this manner; for about the 15th of January, -being at Ratcliff with my wife, to christen her sister Simonson's -daughter Martha, there was, unknown unto me, a letter sent post to -Chatham from my honourable Lord Admiral, commanding me with all -possible speed to build a little vessel for the young prince Henry -to disport himself in above London Bridge, and to acquaint his Grace -with shipping and the manner of that element, setting me down the -proportions and the manner of her garnishing, which was to be like -the work of the Ark Royal, battlement wise. This little ship was in -length by the keel 25 foot, and 12 foot in breadth, garnished with -painting and carving both within board and without very curiously, -according to his Lordship's directions. I laid her keel the 19th day -of January, wrought upon her as well day as all night by torch and -candle lights under a great awning made with sails for that purpose. - -The 6th day of March after, I launched the ship, being upon a -Tuesday, with a noise[234] of trumpets, drums, and such like -ceremonies at such time used. - -I set sail with her on the Friday after, being the 9th day, from -Chatham. Between the Nore head and the east end of Tilbury we had -a very great storm, so that it was Sunday before we could get -Gravesend; and on Monday morning, being the 12th day, we anchored -at Blackwall. Mr. George Wilson, then boatswain of the Lion, was -master with me, and myself captain, and I was manned with almost all -boatswains of the Navy and other choice men. - -On Wednesday, being the 14th day of March, by my Lord Admiral's -commandment we weighed from Limehouse, and anchored right against -the Tower before the King's lodgings, his Majesty then lying there -before his riding through London. There the young Prince, accompanied -with the Lord Admiral and divers of the Lords, came and took great -pleasure in beholding of the ship, being furnished at all points -with ensigns and pendants. The 16th day, being Friday, we unrigged -and shot the bridge, and the 17th day we rigged again and received -both ordnance and powder from the Tower. - -On Sunday in the afternoon, being the 18th day, fitted with a noise -of trumpets and drums and fife, we weighed and turned up with the -wind at south-west as high as Lambeth, with multitudes of boats and -people attending upon us. As we passed by Whitehall, I saluted the -Court with a volley of small shot and our great ordnance, and upon -the ebb, turning down again, we did the like, and then taking in our -sails we came to an anchor right against the Privy Stairs. - -On Monday the 19th day his Majesty went by barge to the Parliament. -We shot our great and small ordnance of round,[235] both at his -taking barge and landing. - -All Tuesday and Wednesday we rode still, without doing anything but -giving entertainment to gentlemen of the King's and Prince's servants -that hourly came aboard of us. - -On Thursday morning, being the 22nd day, I received a commandment -from the Lord Admiral to prepare the ship and all things fitting -to receive the young prince aboard of us in the afternoon; who -accordingly presently[236] after dinner came aboard us in his barge -accompanied with the Lord High Admiral, Earl of Worcester, and divers -other noblemen. We presently weighed and fell down as far as Paul's -Wharf,[237] under both our topsails and foresail, and there came to -an anchor; and then his Grace,[238] according to the manner in such -cases used, with a great bowl of wine christened the ship and called -her by the name of the Disdain. - -His Grace then withdrawing himself with the lords into the great -cabin, there my honourable lord, and till then master,[239] with his -own hands presented me to his Grace, using many favourable words -(beyond my deserts) in my commendations, with this addition, that I -was a servant worthy the acceptance of the greatest prince of the -world. From his hands it pleased his Grace very thankfully to receive -me as his servant, with many promises of his princely favour to me. -The next day, being Friday and the 23rd of March, it pleased my Lord -Admiral to entreat my worthy friend Sir John[240] Trevor to accompany -me to the Lord Thomas Howard, then Lord Chamberlain, from whom -receiving a ticket, I was sent to St. James', the Prince's house, -where by Mr. Alexander and Mr. Abington, then gentlemen ushers, I was -sworn his Grace's servant, and by them presented to the Prince before -he went to dinner, with as much favour and respect as I could desire. - -During this time of my attendance at the Court as his Grace's Captain -of his ship, it pleased my honourable Lord Admiral to give order -to Sir Thomas Windebank,[241] one of the Clerks of the Signet, to -draw me a bill for the reversion of Mr. Baker's or my brother Joseph -Pett's place, which first should happen to be void, notwithstanding -the letters patent formerly granted to Mr. Stevens; which accordingly -was with all expedition performed, and the 11th of April following -was presented to his Majesty and signed, and shortly after passed the -great seal; for the whole charge whereof I gave Sir Thomas Windebank -17_l._ About the same time Sir Robert Mansell had his patent passed -for the Treasurer of his Majesty's Navy. - -The 3rd of May, after my return to Chatham from my attendance at -Court, I began to set up a small ship at Gillingham in David Duck's -yard at my own charges; and the 17th day of the same month also -was launched the Answer, whom I had new built, who by carelessness -ran off before her time without any great hurt, thanks be to God -therefor. About the midst of June following, the preparation was -begun for the entertainment of his Majesty aboard the ships at -Chatham, where I took both extraordinary care and pains, which my -envious enemies Mr. Baker and Mr. Bright sought by all means to -disgrace, even at the instant time when his Majesty was to come on -board the Elizabeth; but the Lord diverted all their malice by the -countenance of my old master the Lord Admiral who, approving my -honest endeavours and finding the success answerable in all respects -to his Lordship's expectation, dismissed them with sharp rebukes and -encouraged me with no small commendation. This happened the 4th of -July, 1604. - -The 12th of November after, I launched the new ship at Gillingham, -which was begun in May preceding, and called _her[242] name_ the -Resistance. - -_And in the beginning_ of December following _I carried her up to_ -Limehouse, and _there hauled her on shore at the_ south _side of my -brother Joseph's wharf, where she lay till I had sold away part of -her_. - -_The 21st of January following I sold one-third part of her to Sir -Robert Mansell and another third to Sir John Trevor, and the other -third I reserved to myself._ - -I rigged her and prepared her with all her furniture to attend the -Lord High Admiral of England in his journey into Spain when he went -Ambassador, and made ready the Bear and the rest of his Majesty's -ships at Chatham that went that voyage, myself being commanded by -his Lordship to wait upon him in his own ship, the Bear, which -accordingly I performed. - -The 24th of March I took my leave of the most noble Prince my master -at Greenwich, being Sunday in the afternoon; and the 28th day of the -same month following I took leave of my wife and children at Chatham -and attended the Lord Ambassador on board the Bear in his own barge, -the whole fleet then riding at Queenborough, from whence we set sail -the last day, being Sunday and Easter day. - -The 4th day of April _we[243] came to an anchor_ in _Dover Road, and -the 10th day after we lost the sight of the Lizard. The next day, -being the 11th, the Lord Ambassador sent me aboard my own ship, the -Resistance, with one Captain Morgan, with certain directions, to the -Groyne.[244] But by the overbearing of Captain Morgan, his Lordship -altering his determination came into the Groyne two days before us, -where we also arrived the 16th day, being Tuesday._ - -The 20th of April, being Saturday, I set sail with the Resistance out -of the Groyne, with instructions to go for Lisbon, where I arrived -the 24th after, and there stayed to despatch my affairs till the 9th -day of May following; from whence I set sail for St. Lucar,[245] and -arrived there the 11th day in the afternoon, being Saturday; from -whence I went by passage boat, leaving my ship at Bonanza,[246] to -Seville;[247] from whence, after three days stay there, I returned to -my ship the 17th day of the same month. - -From St. Lucar I set sail the 2nd day of June, and plying it up for -Cape St. Mary's[248] with a contrary wind, I put room[249] the 5th -day for Cales[250] road, from whence, putting to sea again the 8th -day, I arrived back again at the Groyne the 19th day, according as -my instructions directed me. Where going ashore to the Governor and -understanding the fleet to be all gone to St. Anderas[251] and that -the Lord Ambassador was already (as he said) embarked for England, I -put to sea again presently, directing my course for England. The 23rd -day I made the Start, and the 26th day of June, being Wednesday, I -landed at Rye in the forenoon; from whence I came post to my house at -Chatham, with much rain, thunder, and lightning all the way, where I -lighted about 10 of the clock at night. - -In the midst of July, after my return home, I let out my ship, the -Resistance, to merchants for a voyage into the Straits by the month, -one Mr. Burgess going master, and my friend William Gibbons, his mate -and purser. I docked her, sheathed her, and fitted her, and she went -from Gravesend the 23rd day of August following. - -In the midst of October following I made a journey into Hampshire, to -make a survey of a part of the forest of East Bere,[252] being then -in the occupation of the Right Honourable the Earl of Worcester, of -whom, after my return, Sir Robert Mansell and Sir John Trevor bought -3000 trees. - -At my return to London from that journey I found my eldest brother -Joseph Pett, then dwelling at Limehouse, very dangerously sick, of -the which he never recovered but departed this life the 15th day of -November about 9 of the clock in the forenoon, being Friday. - -He was buried in the chancel in Stepney Church the 18th day of -November in the forenoon, accompanied with my good friends Sir Robert -Mansell, Sir Henry Palmer, Sir John Trevor, then Principal Officers -of His Majesty's Navy, and many other good friends and neighbours, -who after the funeral returned to my brother's house, where they all -were welcomed with a very great dinner and feast. - -Presently after my brother's decease, it pleased my very good lord, -the Lord High Admiral, to grant his warrant for my entrance into my -brother's place, to the effect of my letters patent, notwithstanding -the claim made unto it by one Edward Stevens[253] of Limehouse, -who had formerly procured a general reversion of all the Master -Shipwrights' places, but by reason the fee was mistaken, wherein -his Majesty was abused and charged with an innovation, he could not -prevail in his claim, albeit he often petitioned the Lords of the -Council and made great friends against me; yet it pleased God, by -the noble favour of the Prince my master, and the Lord Admiral's -countenance, I enjoyed my place with a general approbation both of -the State and Officers; and so finished this year of 1605. - -I had forgotten[254] to insert in his proper place the birth of two -sons, which it pleased God were born unto me, the eldest whereof -named John was born at Highwood Hill, in my wife's father's house, in -the Parish of Hendon in Middlesex, the 23rd day of March, 1600. The -second son named Henry was born in my house at Chatham in Kent the -18th of March in anno Domini 1602. - -The 12th of January following I began a journey into Hampshire, -into the forest of East Bere, where I spent the rest of that month -in making choice of the trees were bought of the Earl of Worcester; -which business performed, and my good friend David Duck undertaking -the whole charge of the same in the behalf of Sir Robert Mansell -and Sir John Trevor, I returned home to my house at Chatham in the -beginning of February. - -The 21st of June succeeding it pleased God my wife was safely -delivered of our third son Richard Pett at my house in Chatham. - -The 8th day of July I took another journey into Hampshire into Bere -forest, as well to survey how the business was ordered as to carry -down money to David Duck; from whence I returned home the 14th day of -the same month. - -The 17th day of July, his Majesty the noble King of Denmark arrived -in England, against whose coming, being but only supposed some two -months before, I received private directions from the Lord Admiral -and some of the Principal Officers to have all the ships put into a -comely readiness, which accordingly was performed in a decent and -warlike manner, as if they had been prepared to sea; but upon the -news of his certain arrival they were all rigged and furnished with -their ordnance, and a great preparation was made aboard the Elizabeth -Jonas and the Bear, for entertaining the Kings, Queen, Prince, and -all the other State and Troupes;[255] wherein I confess I strove -extraordinarily to express my service for the honour of the Kingdom, -but by reason the time limited was short, and the business great, we -laboured night and day to effect it; which accordingly was performed, -to the great honour of our sovereign King and Master and no less -admiration of all strangers that were eye witnesses of the same. - -The solemnity of this entertainment was performed the 10th day of -August, being Sunday. At this time Sir Oliver Cromwell[256] and other -gentlemen, my good friends, were lodged at my house. - -Presently after the King of Denmark was returned into his own -country, order was taken by the Lords of his Majesty's Council, -together with the Lord Admiral, for the dry docking of four of his -Majesty's ships, videlicet, the Ark Royal, the Victory, the Golden -Lion, and the Swiftsure; the two latter being appointed to be docked -at Deptford, commended to the charge of old Mathew Baker; the other -two, being ships royal, appointed to Woolwich and committed to my -charge (by reason the Victory was given by the King to the Prince, -whose servant I being, it was held fit to be most proper to me, which -bred me no small trouble and question afterward).[257] - -About the beginning of September following I received warrant and -directions from the Principal Officers of the Navy for preparing the -dock at Woolwich to receive the ships formerly appointed for that -place; which accordingly being effected, the 8th of October ensuing I -docked the Victory, and the next day after, being Thursday, I docked -the Ark, hastened the shutting in of the dock gates, shored them, and -discharged my company the 3rd day of November following; but the 21st -day of the same month I had order to press in new men, to rip and lay -open the state of the ships, which in a short time being performed, I -discharged my company the 11th of December after. - -Towards the fine of January ensuing, I received warrant for the -surveying of the forest of Alice Holt[258] in Hampshire, and the -forest of Shotover near Oxford. I began my journey thither from -London the 27th day of the same month, and returned back to London -the second day of February, with a good account of my service; within -short time after, warrants being granted for the number of trees to -be taken in both these places, I substituted my brother Peter, my -purveyor in Alice Holt, and one Richard Meritt, purveyor for Shotover. - -About the 15th day of April 1607, I received warrant for going in -hand with the ships at Woolwich, whereupon I removed thither with my -household presently after, and began first to work upon the Ark with -a small company, till provisions could be brought in to put on more -workmen, which was not till the beginning of August following, at -which time I began to victual all the workmen, on a Monday, being the -3rd day of the same month. - -The 25th day of the same month, I was elected and sworn Master of the -Company of Shipwrights, and kept a solemn feast with a great number -of our friends, well stored with venison, at the King's Head in New -Fish Street.[259] - -After my settling at Woolwich I began a curious model for the Prince -my master, most part whereof I wrought with my own hands; which being -most fairly garnished with carving and painting, and placed in a -frame arched, covered, and curtained with crimson taffety, was, the -10th day of November, by me presented to the Lord High Admiral at his -lodging at Whitehall. His Lordship, well approving of it, after I -had supped with his honour that night, gave me commandment to carry -the same to Richmond, where the Prince my master then lay; which -accordingly was performed the next day after, being Tuesday and the -11th day. - -On Wednesday morning, being the 12th day, having acquainted Sir -David Murray[260] with my business, and he delivering the same to -his Highness, order was given to have the model brought and placed -in a private room in the long gallery, where his Highness determined -to see it in the afternoon, but my ever honoured old lord and -master, unknown to me, studying by all means to do me good, had -acquainted his Majesty with this thing, and the same day, unlooked -for of any, procured his Majesty to make a purposed[261] journey -from Whitehall to Richmond, to see the same model, whither he came -in the afternoon about 3 of the clock, accompanied only with the -Prince, the Lord Admiral and one or two attendants. His Majesty was -exceedingly delighted with the sight of the model, and spent some -time in questioning me divers material things concerning the same, -and demanding whether I would build the great ship in all points like -to the same, for I will (said his Majesty) compare them together when -she shall be finished. - -Then the Lord Admiral commanded me to report to his Majesty the story -of the 3 ravens I had seen at Lisbon, in St. Vincent's Church,[262] -which I did as well as I could, with my best expression, though -somewhat daunted at the first at his Majesty's presence, having never -before this time spoken before any King. It pleased his Majesty to -accept all things in good part, and to use me very graciously; and so -returned back to Whitehall again the same night. - -The succeeding year brought with it many great troubles, for the Lord -of Northampton having, by the instigation of some that were no great -well willers to the honourable Admiral and some of the Principal -Officers of his Majesty's Navy in especial favour with his Lordship, -had procured a great and large[263] commission from his Majesty -for the inquiring of all abuses and misdemeanours committed by all -Officers in their several places, under colour of reformation and -saving great sums to his Majesty, which he expended yearly in the -maintenance of his ships; which inquisition was presented with such -extremity of malice as not only many were brought into great question -and tossed to and fro before the commissioners at Westminster, to -their no small charge and vexation, but the government itself of that -Royal Office was so shaken and disjointed as brought almost imminent -ruin upon the whole Navy, and a far greater charge to his Majesty -in his yearly expense, than was ever known before. In this great -inquisition it pleased God, for punishment of my sins, to suffer me -to be grievously persecuted and publicly arraigned, as shall be in -his proper place at more large described. - -The parties informers[264] were many, whereof some were principal -members of the Navy and had been raised from nothing by the noble -favours of the good Lord Admiral, against whom they were contented -to take party; by name Sir Peter Buck, Clerk of the Ships, Thomas -Buck, his brother, under clerk to him, Mr. Mathew Baker, William -Bright, principal Master Shipwrights to his Majesty, Hugh Meritt, one -of the six Masters, Hugh Lydiard, Clerk of the Check at Woolwich, -Thomas Norreys, and one Clifton, a baker, sometime Pursers of ships -in the Navy, with divers others, Pursers, Boatswains, Gunners, and -Carpenters. These were assisted with many others, as one Edward -Stevens, a shipwright and yard keeper of Limehouse, and was in -reversion for a Master Shipwright's place[265] to his Majesty, Thomas -Graves of Limehouse, shipwright and yard keeper, Nicholas Clay of -Redriff,[266] shipwright and yard keeper, George Waymouth, sometime a -master and mariner, one Tranckmore, a shipwright; with divers others -that were either drawn into this business upon private ends of their -own or wrought in with great hopes of future preferment. - -The persons principally questioned and aimed at (leaving the great -master of the office) were Sir Robert Mansell, then Treasurer, Sir -John Trevor, Surveyor, Sir Henry Palmer, Comptroller, Captain Thomas -Button, John Legatt, Clerk of the Check at Chatham, myself, and Sir -Thomas Bludder,[267] then Victualler to the Navy. - -This year, in the end of July, I began the new gates for Woolwich -Dock, and set up a dam without them, so that we wrought always dry; -which gates were placed, set up, and finished, and the dam taken -away, within the space of nine weeks; wherein I saved to his Majesty -above four hundred pounds, according to a former estimate made of -the charge of the same under the hands of his Majesty's Master -Shipwrights. - -During this business at Woolwich it pleased God that my wife was -safely delivered of her fourth son in Mr. Lydiard's house in the yard -the 27th April 1608, and was baptized in Woolwich Church the 5th of -May following, and named Joseph. - -About the beginning of August it pleased the Prince's Highness my -master to send me word that he would come to Woolwich at his return -out of Essex from the Lord Petre's,[268] whither his Grace was then -going in progress; and on Saturday after, being the 13th day of -August, his Highness took his barge at Blackwall, and came by water -to Woolwich about noon, accompanied only with his own train, where -I received him on shore at the yard stairs. On the poop of the Ann -Royal was placed a noise of trumpets, an ensign, and two ensigns -upon the heads of both the mizens. After my duty presented to his -Highness with the best expression I could, to cause him to understand -his welcome to that place and how much it would joy all seamen's -hearts to perceive his Highness so well addicted to his Majesty's -ships and the sight of them, I conducted his Highness round about the -dock, and so directly aboard the Ann Royal to the very top of her -poop where, after my duty performed, I gave a secret signal (as was -before concluded between us) to my good friend Mr. William Bull, then -Master Gunner of England, who stood ready prepared upon a mount in -Mr. Hugh Lydiard's garden with thirty-one great brass chambers,[269] -orderly and distinctly placed, which, with Mr. Gunner's help, I had -procured from the Tower for that purpose. He, presently receiving the -signal, diligently attending the same, gave fire to the train, and so -discharged the whole volley with so good order as gave a marvellous -pleasing content to his Highness (and the more because he expected no -such thing, but that it was done suddenly). - -When the ordnance gave over, I then kneeled down to his Highness and -besought him to be pleased to accept this poor sea entertainment -from me, as an unfeigned earnest of my duty to him, which I would -hereafter strive to express in better manner if his Highness would -be pleased graciously to receive this his first homely welcome. His -Highness then, having answered my request with a princely acceptance, -commanded me to lead into all the places of the ship; which having -viewed with a great deal of delightful judgment, I led his Grace -into the Yard, and so to the place where the keel, stem, and stern -of his own ship, which was to be built, lay ready framed; which -having perused very seriously, and caused the length of the keel to -be measured, I besought his Grace to walk into the house to rest -himself, which his Highness willingly condescending unto, I conducted -him unto Mr. Lydiard's parlour where was prepared a set banquet of -sweet meats and all other fruits the season of the year could yield, -with plentiful store of wine, both Rhenish white, sack, Greek wine -and claret. His Highness was well pleased to take his refection, and -after the banquet done, giving his hand to kiss to divers gentlewomen -of the town that were in the room together with my wife, his Highness -desired to be brought to the mount where the chambers were placed, -which were again laden in this interim and ranged in their first -order with the train made ready. This sight so much pleased his Grace -that he was very desirous to have the train fired, his Highness -standing by, but at my humble entreaty, understanding what danger was -incident to such a business, he gave me order that, at the holding up -of his handkerchief in his barge, I should see them put off; and so -taking notice of Mr. Bull and giving him his hand to kiss, taking his -leave, I conducted his Highness to his barge, being the top of full -sea; where kissing his hand upon my knee, he expressed how kindly -he accepted his welcome, using many gracious speeches to me, and so -putting off. I returned to the mount, and, upon his Highness' signal -given me, the train was fired and the chambers delivered their loud -voices in as distinct order as at the first, to the great delight of -his Highness, and general applause of all others there present. - -Having now finished, by God's providence and gracious assistance, -the Ark, which I began to repair in Woolwich Dock in May, was -twelve-month before, on the 29th day of September, 1608, I launched -her. It was a very blustering day, the wind at south-west, but, -thanks be to God, with a little difficulty she was launched and -brought safely to her moorings. Her name was altered and given by -the mouth of my very good friend Sir Oliver Cromwell, in presence of -Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor and Captain Button, divers other -gentlemen being on board, with his Majesty's trumpets and drums; -her name was given the Anne Royal. These knights, with the Lady -Mansell, the Lady Trevor, Mrs. Button, and sundry others, dined this -day with me at Woolwich in Mr. Lydiard's parlour, my lodgings being -as yet not altered, and therefore inconvenient for entertaining of -any friends of account; which lodgings I after by warrant repaired -and made as they now are, for which I was greatly questioned by the -Lord of Northampton in his inquisition, and stand upon his book of -reformation at large recorded. - -The 20th October following, being Thursday, by God's good help I lay -the keel of the new great ship[270] upon the blocks in the dock, and -the 28th day following, of the same month, I raised her stern, and -presently after the stem, and proceeded in order with the floor[271] -as fast as I could, notwithstanding the many practices underhand -attempted to have diverted the whole course of that building, as -hereafter in his proper place shall be discovered. - -During the time that I proceeded on with the new frame, the -inquisition against the Navy then growing to the height and -prosecuted with extremity of malice against Sir John Trevor, Sir -Robert Mansell, and some others, amongst whom myself held not the -least place, about the fine of March, 1609, there was discovered -unto me (by Mr. Sebastian Vicars, Carver to the Ships, my ever true -and faithful friend) a secret combination against me concerning the -building of the great ship, suggested first by the practice of my -fellows, old Mr. Mathew Baker and Mr. William Bright, old adversaries -to my name and family, assisted by Edward Stevens, a Master -Shipwright, who laid great claim to my place by a former patent -to him granted under the broad seal of England, with some other -shipwrights also joined with them by especial warrant from the great -Lord of Northampton, my most implacable enemy; my fellows bearing me -no small grudge because by the Prince's Highness' means, my master, -I was preferred to that great business before them; and Mr. Stevens -malicing me because he could not prevail against me to recover my -place from me. - -They had also won to their party by much importunity, and by means -of a particular letter directed from the Lord Northampton to him -to that very purpose, a great braggadocio, a vain and idle fellow -sometime a mariner and master, called by the name of Captain George -Waymouth; who, having much acquaintance abroad amongst gentlemen, was -to disperse the insufficiency of my business, reporting how I was no -artist, and altogether insufficient to perform such a service, of -no experience, and that the King's Majesty was cosened and all the -charge lost, and the frame of her was unfit for any use but a dung -boat, with many other such false opprobrious defamations, wherein he -was better practised than in any other profession. - -These rumours being thus divulged, the report thereof coming to Mr. -Sebastian Vicars' ears was the cause that he, out of his great love -and honesty to me, wrote to me what he heard abroad, wishing me to -keep a careful watch over myself, for that they would bend all their -practices, powers and friends, to the disgracing of the building -and ruining of me. But I, being very confident of the goodness of -my cause (though I received that admonition as from a dear friend -with much acknowledgment of his love and care of me), yet, little -regarding what their malicious practices could bring forth, made -small reckoning of their plottings till such time as the good honest -man, understanding from some of their own mouths what was intended -against me, made a purposed journey to me to Woolwich (though he was -then scarce able to travel by reason of a tedious[272] sickness) and -there thoroughly possessed me of the certainty of what he before by -his writing had truly informed me. - -I, now perceiving it was no idle flim flam[273] as I before supposed, -considered that the goodness of my cause might by my secure[274] -neglect either suffer hazard, or be overborne by greatness, began -to call my wits about me and to advise what was to be done in the -business; at which time, to make good the supposition, I received a -message by word of mouth from a worthy gentleman, and good friend -of mine, Mr. William Burrell, principal Master Workman to the East -India Company, of all their project, which was discovered to him -particularly by that Captain Waymouth, being at that instant time -between drunk and sober. - -The 13th of April this Waymouth was, by consent of the rest, sent to -Woolwich to survey my work, and thereupon to deliver his opinion, and -I in the mean time was appointed to be at Redriff at a meeting at a -court held for the incorporation of Shipwrights, whereof I was then -Master, that in my absence he might have the better opportunity to -perform his malicious instructions, as he was directed by his great -masters; of the which his purpose I receiving certain intelligence, -leaving my intended journey to Redriff, I awaited his coming, and, -receiving him after a courteous manner, after some discourse and -ordinary compliments he returned back to his confederates, frustrate -of his great purpose. - -Within some few days after, I wrote something to this purpose to my -very good friends Sir Robert Mansell and Sir John Trevor, being then -Treasurer and Surveyor of the Navy, desiring them, for that it was -a business highly concerning the honour of our honourable lord the -Lord High Admiral and their own particular reputations, they would be -pleased to take the pains to make a sudden journey to Woolwich, there -truly to inform themselves not only concerning the state of the work -but of divers other material business wherewith I was to acquaint -them at their coming thither. According to my request, they both came -the next day; where being throughly possessed of all the passages and -occurrences concerning the project of our adversaries, after they had -carefully also surveyed the work, with all other things necessary to -be advised of, leaving with me, with good deliberation, instructions -how to proceed in my defence, they departed again to Westminster the -same afternoon. - -Presently after the departure of these gentlemen, desiring first the -Lord to guide and direct my pen so as might best tend to his glory -and the discharge of my duty, I betook myself to my study and in the -briefest manner I could I certified the Lord Admiral of the truth -of all the whole project plotted against me, with the names of the -principalest actors therein, and the reasons inducing them unto it; -withal earnestly beseeching his Lordship to be pleased, since the -matter so nearly concerned his Majesty's profit, the honour of the -state, his Lordship's own safety, and the reputation of his Office, -to leave all respect of my particular good and to procure such a view -to be presently made of the work, by judicious and impartial persons, -as his Majesty might receive no loss, the strength of the kingdom no -prejudice, his honour no impeachment, and the Officers of the Navy no -just calumniation nor blame. - -It pleased his Lordship, then lying at Whitehall, presently -after the receipt of my letter (wherewith he was not a little -troubled to observe their malicious practices) to send for me to -wait upon him, that by conference with me his Lordship might be -better informed of each particular passage in this so dangerous -information and conspiracy; and after his Lordship had received from -me such satisfaction as he desired, comforting me with many noble -encouragements, as being (as he said) sufficiently persuaded both of -my skill, experience and honesty, wishing me to take a good heart -and never a whit to distrust the goodness of my cause, albeit I had -strong adversaries, for that God in his mercy would never permit -such a malicious practice to prevail against those that relied upon -him, with many other fatherly instructions; and so, being somewhat -late, for that night his Lordship was pleased to dismiss me, giving -me commandment to attend his further pleasure the next morning; and -this was the 20th day of April. - -It was no sooner day the next morrow but his Lordship, very careful -of doing something in this weighty business, made himself ready, -and by 4 of clock, taking my letter in his hand, speeds himself to -his Majesty's chamber, lying then also at Whitehall, and sending -in word that his Lordship was there to acquaint his Majesty with -some business of great consequence, was presently admitted to his -Majesty's bedside, and, having in few words given his Majesty a taste -of his errand, delivered him my letter and besought him to be pleased -thoroughly to peruse the same. The letter his Majesty twice read -over, and perceiving how malice was the original of all this stir, -seemed greatly to pity the wrong and injury done unto me, using this -gracious speech in my behalf, that whatsoever my act was he knew not, -but I deserved great commendation for my honest plainness delivered -in my letter, and that it was great reason I should be justly -proceeded withal. - -To the end therefore I might not be wrongfully oppressed, and -the works disgraced without just cause, his Majesty took present -order with the Lord High Admiral that he should join unto him the -right honourable lords, the Earls of Worcester, then Master of his -Majesty's horse, and of Suffolk, then Lord High Chamberlain, and -repairing to Woolwich, should there, upon their oaths, honours, and -faithful allegiance to his Majesty, without respect of any particular -person, call before them my accusers, and, as well by examination of -them as trial of the work itself, both in point of sufficiency, as -well of matter as manner, should truly inform themselves whether this -main accusation so much concerning his Majesty's honour were justly -commenced or no; which charge of his Majesty being performed, they -should return the true report thereof with all speed to his Majesty, -as they would answer it upon their allegiance. - -Whilst these things were thus ordering, my malicious adversaries -were not idle, but plotting as fast against me, and had so far -prevailed with the Lord Northampton that there should be a private -warrant directed to the chief of them, vide; to Mr. Baker, Bright -and Stevens, and to some other whom they should associate with -them, which warrant should have been signed with the King's own -hand, to authorise them to repair to Woolwich, and there strictly -to make a survey of the work; which being done, upon the return of -the insufficiency of the same under their hands and confirmation by -oath, it was resolved amongst them I should be turned out and for -ever disgraced, the work utterly defaced, and I never to come to any -personal answer; and one of them that could make his party strongest -should undertake the business, about which they were in great -contention amongst themselves who should be preferred to it. - -But it pleased my good God, that never leaves his servants destitute -of his help when all other means fail them, so mightily to work for -me by means of my letter sent to my honourable Lord Admiral, and, as -is shewed afore, delivered to his Majesty, so far to prevent their -purposes, that upon that very day wherein they had determined to have -displaced and disgraced me, that they were, unawares to them, warned -by one of his Majesty's messengers to appear before the three Lords -before named, to answer them at that very place and time wherein they -made their account to have triumphed over me. This was the Lord's -doing and it is marvellous in our eyes, and this day was appointed -to be on Tuesday the 25th day of April, which time was accordingly -kept, and the Lords were come to Woolwich by nine of the clock the -same morning. The first thing they did was to take a diligent survey -of the work, first touching the form and manner of the same, and then -concerning the goodness of the materials; which having very carefully -perused, they repaired into the house and sat at a little table -in the middle of my dining room. Their Lordships being set, first -Mr. Baker was called and demanded, for the good of his Majesty's -service, to deliver plainly what he could justly except against the -ship, either in point of art or in sufficiency of the materials, and -leading him from point to point concerning her proportion of length, -breadth, depth, draught of water, height of tuck,[275] rake afore -and abaft, breadth of the floor, scantling of timber, and other -circumstances, after a deal of frivolous arguings to no purpose, -their Lordships found by his examination nothing worthy of observing; -and directly finding him to be led more out of an envious malicious -humour against me than upon any certain ground of error in the -mould, or probability of insufficiency of any of the materials used -in the frame; whereupon he was dismissed. - -After him was Bright called, and then Stevens, who were so tripped -in their several examinations as their Lordships found them in their -answers clean contrary one to another almost in every question, by -which their Lordships concluded, as they did of Mr. Baker, that all -this question and infamous report of the business was plotted by -them out of some malicious respects to disgrace me and my works, and -not of any care or conscionable regard of the good of his Majesty's -service; and so they were dismissed. - -Then was great killcow[276] Waymouth called, who being examined -as the others before him were, was able to say nothing to any -purpose, but held their Lordships with a long tedious discourse -of proportions, measures, lines, and an infinite rabble of idle -and unprofitable speeches clean from the matter, wherewith their -Lordships were so tired as he was commanded silence. Then every man -being dismissed the room, they consulted in private about some half -hour, and then we were all called in again; where their Lordships, -addressing their speech to me, delivered that, by all this enquiry, -they in their judgments could find no just cause of exception -against the business, and this accusation grew for aught they could -perceive out of envy and malice, and therefore I had no cause to -be discouraged in my service but to go on both comfortably and -cheerfully, assuring me they would so effectually return the account -of the particulars of this their day's work to his Majesty as should -not only give his Majesty satisfaction, but also secure and defend -me from all the opposition any of my adversaries could practise -against me, with many other noble speeches of encouragement. And so -about 4 of the clock in the evening, taking their caroches,[277] they -returned to the Court to Whitehall. - -The same night, after their coming to the Court, their Lordships -repairing to his Majesty, they there delivered the account of their -journey, together with all the particular passages in the same; there -offering to prove upon their honours, allegiances, and their lives, -the ground of that conspiracy to spring from no other reason than -inveterate malice to me, and that they found the business in every -part and point so excellent, as befitted the service of so royal a -king; with which his Majesty rested marvellous well satisfied. - -My adversaries, whose malicious practices nothing could daunt, -hunting after nothing so much as my ruin and utter disgrace, were so -fired with this prevention that, redoubling their fury, [they] went -all together the next morning to their great patron and abettor, -the Lord Northampton, who being vehemently incensed before, to have -such an affront to the proceeding of his commission, as he termed -our courses to have wrought, was willing to entertain anything that -carried but likelihood to give him means to be revenged on me for it. -After therefore these caterpillars had discovered to his Lordship -all the circumstances of the hearing before the Lords, complaining -very grievously as they termed it, of their partiality towards me -and bitterness to them, and that they were not suffered to speak, -nor could be heard in any[thing] they could inform against me, they -offering upon their lives to make good all their informations against -me to be true, so that they might but gain an equal hearing, his -Lordship promised to move his Majesty in the granting of a second -hearing; wherein he doubted not, as he said unto them, but they -should have amends made to them for the former injuries and obtain -their purpose against me in despite of all my friends and upholders. - -His Lordship immediately upon this repaired to his Majesty, and -there made a grievous complaint against the partiality of the three -Lords, which they shewed in the examination of the business; there -in the behalf of the plaintiffs--tendering to his Majesty that they -did offer upon their lives to prove all their informations true, -and besought his Majesty very earnestly there might be a second -examination committed to his Lordships care, whereby all partiality -should be prevented and his Majesty receive better confirmations -of their good service than what the Lords had before, upon their -superficial survey and partial examination, exhibited to his Majesty. -His Majesty made answer that upon his Lordship's first complaint -he had made especial choice of three principal peers of the realm, -of whose faithful fidelity he was so confidently assured that he -could not but give credit to that account their Lordships had -returned upon the serious examination of that so weighty a business. -Notwithstanding, seeing his Lordship urged so earnestly a review and -second examination, since it was a business of such main consequence, -for his better satisfaction and clearing all doubts and scruple, his -Majesty resolved to take the pains in his own person to have the -hearing of the cause indifferently between all parties; appointing -Monday the 8th of May following to be the time for the same hearing -at Woolwich in the yard where the ship was then in building; giving -order to the Lord High Admiral of England to provide for the same, -and to command all such persons as were any ways interested in that -business to give their personal attendance upon his Majesty at the -same time and place. - -This resolution of his Majesty made known, there was preparation on -both sides, to be provided both of information and defence, to give -his Majesty satisfaction; but the contrary parties doubting their -malicious practices would now be plainly discovered, never dreaming -of such a course, they still laboured to bring disgraces upon me; -informing, in this interim of ten days, if I might be suffered to -continue the workmen upon the frames, I would so handle the matter -that all things should be reformed that had by them been formerly -found defective, both in point of materials and proportions; and -therefore were earnest suitors to have all the workmen presently -discharged, and the work to stand. His Majesty, upon the advice of -some of the Lords, whereof the then Lord Treasurer, Sir Robert Cecil -and Earl of Salisbury[278] being chief, would not consent on any -condition to have the workmen absolutely discharged, but that order -should be taken the work should cease, and the men continued at his -Majesty's charge till the hearing should be past, and his Majesty -determine what was after to be done. Whereupon his Majesty commanded -a letter to be written to me to the same effect, charging me upon -my allegiance to follow the directions therein contained, which I -accordingly very carefully observed. In the mean time no day almost -passed wherein Mr. Baker, Bright, Stevens, Clay, Graves, Captain -Waymouth, with their malicious associates, did not meet at Woolwich -to take all the dimensions of the ship, to deface the work by -striking aside the shores, and condemning the materials, aggravating -continual disgraces upon me, and railing despitefully to my face; -which I was forced to endure with patience and put up with silence, -flying to God, on whose mercy I wholly depended in these extremities. - -The good Lord Admiral was not idle in this interim to provide -for to give his Majesty full satisfaction in all things could be -objected by the informers, and to that purpose carefully advising -with Sir Robert Mansell and Sir John Trevor, principal Officers of -his Majesty's Navy, together with myself, whom it did most concern, -what course was to be held to meet all objections could be any ways -produced against me; and for that the adverse part had made choice of -a certain number of masters and builders in the river of Thames to -strengthen their proceedings, it was held fit and resolved the like -course should be taken by us for our better defence; whereupon sundry -experienced men known to be honest and impartial of both kinds were -nominated and appointed by warrant from the Lord Admiral to attend -this service, some inhabiting about the river of Thames and others -of remote places, with whom divers consultations were held, as well -to inform them of the truth of every particular as also to satisfy -their doubts in anything wherein it was fit they should be throughly -resolved. I, for my own part, confident of mine own integrity, -commending my cause to God, provided myself to be able to answer all -objections whatsoever could be alleged against me, either in point of -art, experience, or care, in this so weighty service of trust and -consequence. - -I must not here forget the princely favour of my royal, then master, -Prince Henry, of ever famous memory, who in his noble care of me in -the interim of the time appointed by his Majesty for my hearing did -almost every day send me a comfortable encouragement by some one of -his principal gentlemen to heart me on and put life into me, lest I -should any ways be disheartened with the apprehension of the power -of my great and potent adversary; and when the time grew near for -my trial sent me a commandment to wait upon his Grace, the Sunday -preceding the day, at St. James, which I accordingly performed; where -his Highness vouchsafing to lead me in his hand through the park -to Whitehall, in the public view and hearing of many people there -attending to see him pass to the King, his father, did in such loving -manner counsel me with such comfortable, wise, and grave advice -touching my carriage and resolution in my trial, as was no little -testimony of his principal care of me, to my great comfort, and joy -of all those that were both eye and ear witnesses of it; besides -casting[279] the worst that might be, if I had been overthrown by -the censure of his Majesty, his Highness had graciously determined -to have received me into a place in his house, and resolved to have -provided for me whilst I had lived. - -The time drawing now near, there was sent from London at the -appointment of the Lord Admiral, hangings to furnish the room where -his Majesty was to sit, and the next room to it where he was to -withdraw, the one being the common dining room of the workmen, and -the other my own dining room, both which I caused to be hanged and -trimmed up with such furniture as was befitting such a presence, with -all convenience the place could any ways afford. - -On Monday morning, being the eighth day of May, the Lord Admiral came -betimes to Woolwich, attended by Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor, -and others, where his Lordship was met by all those persons which -were formerly[280] warned to be there on our part, and his Lordship -took those rooms which were fitted for his Majesty. Presently after -came the Lord Northampton attended with all the spiteful crew of -his informers, and he took Hugh Lydiard's house, being Clerk of the -Check, which was fitted for him, and was there attended with all his -rabble. - -Before his Majesty's coming, Waymouth and his associates pryed up -and down the yard, belching out nothing but disgraces, despiteful -speeches, and base opprobrious terms, being so confident of their -wished ends as they before had given out that I should be hanged and -the work defaced at the least; which was likely enough to have proved -so, had not God put a hook into their nostrils and by the justice -of the King caused themselves to fall into the pit they digged for -another. - -The noble Admiral spent the time till his Majesty's coming very -quietly and privately, consulting advisedly with those appointed for -the business, never so much as taking notice of the base usage of -them on their side. - -All things being in a readiness, about eight of the clock his Majesty -came in his caroche attended with Prince Henry and the principal -Lords of his Majesty's Council. The Lord Northampton met him before -he came to the ordinary gate of the yard, and used all the means he -could to have led his Majesty through Lydiard's garden by a back -way into his house; but his Majesty told his Lordship that the Lord -Admiral, whom he espied waiting with his train at the ordinary gate -of the yard, would justly take exception at his so doing, for that -it belonged properly there to his Lordship to receive and entertain -him. So alighting, the Lord Admiral, after his duty performed, guided -his Majesty in the rooms provided purposely for the business, whom I -ushered as belonged to my place. - -After his Majesty had a little reposed, he desired the Lord Admiral -to bring him to the sight of the work then in hand, which accordingly -was done, directing his Majesty to a brow[281] or stage made at the -stem of the ship, where he might perfectly take a perfect view of -the whole ground work of the frame, being then about half set up -and planked as high as the rungheads,[282] no foot-waling[283] as -then begun. After his Majesty had satisfied himself sufficiently, he -returned back to the place again, and there seated himself in the -chair under the state,[284] at a little table standing right before -him; the Prince and Lords taking their stands on his Majesty's right -hand, with the Lord Admiral and all those warned on our part; and the -Lord Northampton on the left hand of his Majesty, with all his crew -of informers and others appointed to assist him on his part, of sea -masters and shipwrights of the Thames. - -These things thus ordered, his Majesty, silence be[ing] commanded by -his gentlemen ushers, his Majesty began a very worthy speech; first -to signify the cause of his coming to that place and how much it -imported the royal care of a king to take to his personal examination -a business of such consequence, as so much concerned the strength and -honour of his Kingdom and State, besides the expense of his Treasure. -Next he addressed his speech to the actors on both sides, to those -that were informers and to those that were defendants; the substance -of his royal speech tending to a religious exhortation that none of -both sides should either accuse for malice or other pretence, or -excuse for love, favour, or other particular respects, for that his -Majesty, in the seat of justice presenting God's person, would not -be deluded, nor led by any coloured pretences from understanding -the very plain truth of that business which was to be handled; and -therefore willed such on both sides whose conscience accused them -either of malicious proceedings, private ends, or partial favour, to -give over and depart before they took the oath to be administered -unto them; threatening severe punishments to those should be found -offenders herein; declaring what danger it was to be perjured before -the Majesty of God and the King. - -His Majesty's speech so effectually delivered to the purpose of the -matter in hand to the admiration of the hearers, commandment was -given to call the names of those to be sworn on both sides. - -On Lord Northampton's side were: - -_Seamen._ - - Sir Henry Middleton.[285] - Mr. Hugh Meritt.[286] - Captain Watts.[287] - Captain Norreys.[288] - Mr. Chester.[289] - Captain Waymouth.[290] - Captain Newport.[291] - Robert Rickman.[292] - Thomas Redwood.[293] - Captain Geare.[294] - Captain Moore.[295] - Mr. James Woodcott.[296] - Mr. Mathew Woodcott.[297] - Captain Miller. - -_Shipwrights._ - - Mr. Mathew Baker.[298] - Mr. William Bright.[298] - Mr. Edward Stevens.[298] - Captain Waymouth. - Mr. Clay.[299] - Mr. Graves.[300] - Mr. Tranckmore.[301] - Mr. Lydiard.[302] - -_Other Informers._ - - Thomas Buck.[303] - Clifton, a baker.[304] - -Sworn on our part:-- - -_Seamen._ - - Mr. William Jones.[305] - Mr. William Bygatt.[306] - Mr. Michael Meriall.[307] - Mr. John King.[308] - Mr. George Ireland. - Mr. Arthur Pett.[309] - Mr. John Woodcott.[310] - Mr. Thomas Fuller.[311] - Mr. Robert Wright.[312] - Mr. Thomas Johnson.[313] - Mr. John Dawes. - Mr. Nicholas Diggens.[314] - Mr. Jorden.[315] - Mr. Michael Edmondes. - -_Shipwrights._ - - Mr. William Burrell.[316] - Mr. Nicolas Simonson.[317] - Mr. Thomas Jenkins.[318] - Mr. Thomas Cole.[319] - Mr. Thomas Prime.[319] - -_Carpenters of his Majesty's Navy._ - - Lawrence Andrews.[320] - David Duck.[321] - Robert Bromadge. - Thomas Cateroll. - John Elye. - Thomas Hampton. - Nicholas Surtis.[322] - Robert Sharpe.[322] - -These several persons being called and appearing, the form of the -oath was read unto them by the Right Honourable Sir Robert Cecil, -Earl of Salisbury, and then Lord Treasurer, who personated the Clerk -of the Session, and the book was presented to them by the Right -Honourable Charles Howard, Earl of Nottingham, Lord High Admiral of -England. - -These ceremonies performed, his Majesty willed the Lord Northampton -to begin his accusation, and then I was called personally to answer -and kneeled right before his Majesty, near the side of the table; the -Lord High Admiral standing at my left hand, Sir Robert Mansell and -Sir John Trevor standing both right behind me. The accusation against -me was exhibited by the Lord Northampton in writing,[323] containing -sundry articles in point of my sufficiency, art, and experience, and -in point of my care and honesty in discharge of my duty in putting -in unserviceable materials to the great detriment of his Majesty's -Service. His Majesty perceiving the articles to be many and very -intricate to answer each particular, very judiciously contracted all -the business to three principal heads: the point of art, the point of -sufficiency of materials, and the point of charge; and to these heads -I was commanded to frame my answers, and they their accusations. I -must confess that at the first I was so daunted with the majesty of -the King, the power of my adversary, and the confused urging of the -objections, that I was confounded in myself till it pleased God, by -the helps of the Lord Treasurer and his discreet directions,[324] I -was recollected and recovered my spirits, and so orderly answered to -each objection; his Majesty still holding us on both sides to the -proposition. - -Much time was spent in dispute of proportions, comparing my present -frame with former precedents and dimensions of the best ships, for -length, breadth, depth, floor, and other circumstances; in all -which they could not fasten anything upon me but reflected to their -disgrace and apparent breach of oath, and plain demonstration and -expression of combined practice. - -One point of proportion was mainly insisted upon and with much -violence and eagerness urged on both sides, which was the square of -the ship's flat in the midships,[325] they affirming constantly upon -their oath it was full thirteen foot, we as constantly insisting that -it was but eleven foot and eight inches; but because this difference -was long and could not be tried upon the small plates his Majesty -referred the trial to be made upon the great platform, which was -purposely framed of planks, to the full scale of the ship, where all -the lines of the midship bend[326] were drawn, and the square of the -flat truly described, with their centres, perpendiculars, and sweeps; -which trial, because it much concerned the truth or falsity of all -the rest, his Majesty would not give trust to any of those that were -by oath interested in the same, but made choice of the noble and -worthy knight, Sir Thomas Chaloner, then Governor of the Prince's -Highness' household, and of the learned reverend gentleman Mr. -Briggs,[327] reader of geometry lecture in Gresham College in London, -and Master of Art and student in St. John's in Cambridge, who were to -decide this controversy. - -This thus concluded, we came to the point of charge; to which was -answered that the charge of the building of this ship should not -exceed other ships that had been built in her Majesty's times, I -mean Queen Elizabeth of famous and happy memory, allowing proportion -for proportion, the garnishing not exceeding theirs. This gave -full satisfaction to this point of charge, being the second head -propounded. It then being almost one of the clock, his Majesty called -for his dinner, referring the other points to be handled in the -ship, after dinner. All this time I sat upon my knees, baited by the -great Lord and his bandogs; sometimes by Baker, sometimes by Bright, -Stevens, Clay, gaping Waymouth, and sometimes confusedly by all; and, -which was worst, his Majesty's angry countenance still bent upon -me, so that I was almost disheartened and out of breath, albeit the -Prince's Highness, standing near me, from time to time encouraged me -as far as he might without offence to his father, labouring to have -me eased by standing up, but his Majesty would not permit it. - -So soon as his Majesty and the Lords had dined, the King rose and -went into the body of the frame of the ship, to make trial of the -goodness of the materials. All the lower futtocks[328] were placed, -and many upper futtocks also. The adverse part had chalked with a -mark almost half the lower futtocks for red[329] wood, cross-grained, -and merely[330] unserviceable, all which timbers his Majesty caused -to be dubbed[331] by the workmen ready with their tools for that -purpose, and being tried they were all approved very sound and -serviceable; and touching the cross-grained timber his Majesty -protested very earnestly the cross grain was in the men and not -in the timber. His Majesty spent much time in the survey of these -things, still giving way to what objections the adverse part could -allege, and what answer I could make in my defence. - -This business performed within board and his Majesty well satisfied -in every particular, he openly delivered that the ship would be too -strong if one third of the timber[332] were left out; and then began -to give me a princely countenance and encouragement, protesting -oftentimes that all this grievous accusation proceeded of nothing -but malice. Then his Majesty came without board and curiously[333] -surveyed the planks, trenails, and workmanship, all which gave him -such good satisfaction as still confirmed his opinion of their -malicious proceedings. - -All the while his Majesty was intentive upon this search, the -gentlemen forenamed, that were appointed for the trial of the point -of the true flat of the floor, they were busied in taking off the -measures from the ship and bringing them to the platform; and when -they found by due trial all the lines to be truly set off, they -acquainted his Majesty that all things was in readiness. His Majesty -then, having received satisfaction of all things about the frame, -repaired to the platform, attended with the Prince, the Lords, and -many thousand spectators besides. His Majesty then caused those -gentlemen to measure each dimension of breadth and depth for his -own satisfaction, and then coming to the point of the square of -the floor, whether it were answering their assertion of 13 foot, -or agreeable to ours of eleven foot eight inches, the square of 13 -foot was tried from the true centre and perpendicular, which being -applied to the sweeps of the mould did differ above 16 inches at the -runghead, the like trial made by our true centre and perpendicular -fell as just in our lines as could be possibly; which done, his -Majesty with a loud voice commanded the measurers to declare -publicly the very truth, which when they had delivered clearly on -our sides, all the whole multitude heaved up their hats, and gave -a great and a loud shout and acclamation, and then the Prince's -Highness called with a high voice in these words: 'Where be now these -perjured fellows that dare thus abuse his Majesty with these false -informations, do they not worthily deserve hanging?' - -By that time all these things were thus performed and his Majesty -wonderfully satisfied, and it growing somewhat late, his Majesty -returned again into the hall where he formerly sat; and being placed, -and the room filled as full as it could be packed, his Majesty began -a most worthy and learned speech for conclusion of the business, -the scope of his words tending first to a full declaration of the -satisfaction he had received touching this great business, wherein he -expressed with many effectual speeches what content he received in -bestowing his pains that day to so good a purpose; next his Majesty -addressed himself to give thanks to the Lord Northampton for his -great care and diligence to search out such errors in the Office of -the Admiralty, wherein his Majesty and the State were abused, with -encouragement for him to go forward with prosecuting his commission, -notwithstanding his Lordship had been misinformed by being drawn to -question this present business; next, his Majesty directed his speech -to Mr. Baker, Bright, Stevens and the rest of the informers, very -bitterly reprehending their malicious practices, more to bring to -effect their own private ends than out of any conscionable care of -the good of his Majesty's Service or benefit of the State, repining -at the preferment I had and the countenance of the Prince, his son, -and therefore combining together to disgrace and ruin me, though -otherwise they envied one another and were at controversy who should -be preferred to my business; with many good exhortations to will -them to beware how they did abuse the Majesty of God and himself, -his substitute, with malicious informations in which he could do no -less than think them perjured, as in the prosecuting of this whole -business was too apparent to himself and all the world, whereby they -deserved to be severely punished, if he should censure them as they -worthily merited. - -His Majesty then began to shew me a very pleasing countenance and -turned his speech to me, willing me not to be discountenanced -with these proceedings against me, since he was now sufficiently -persuaded of my honesty, integrity and abilities to perform what -I had undertaken, advising me not to refuse counsel of my fellow -servants since it was his service, wherein we ought to join together -for his good and the honour of the State; with many other princely -expressions of his good opinion of me and readiness, not only to -give me countenance, but assurance of future favour towards me; -and lastly he cleared all imputations and aspersions unjustly cast -upon the Lord High Admiral, with recital of all his honourable -services performed to the honour of the State and his perpetual fame, -commending his great wisdom and impartial carriage of himself in this -day's trial, wherein he was never observed to give any impediment to -his Majesty's judicial proceedings but all furtherance possible, as -was both evidently manifest to his Majesty by the great pains he had -endured that day and the noble patience he had given public testimony -of to all present which were eye witnesses of it; with many other -gracious speeches to put new life and power into him to go on as he -had begun to the perpetual eternizing his name and honour: then, -giving general thanks to those that had taken pains in that day's -business, with protestation of his princely care in all matters of -such consequence for the safety and honour of the State and Kingdom, -he concluded his speech. - -Then the noble Admiral, as his Majesty was rising, humbly besought -his Majesty to license him to speak a few words, as well to declare -his own innocency concerning these unjust accusations, as to clear -me in the point both of my sufficiency and my care and honesty -to perform the service entrusted to me, to which his honourable -request (though it grew now to be late) his Majesty most willingly -condescended. - -The sum of his Lordship's speech tended to admire[334] and extol his -Majesty's justice, great wisdom, and princely care of the good of the -commonwealth, in that he had refused no pains (as this day's work -and honourable assembly could justly witness) to provide to rectify -and set straight, to the wonder and admiration of them all, a work -of so great a consequence, and of such a kind of intricacy as his -Majesty had never been accustomed to before, and yet so clearly to -examine and try in so short a space, as if he had only [been] bred -and accustomed to such elements, with many other honourable speeches -tending to that purpose. His Lordship then laying his hand upon my -head, standing next unto him upon his right hand, did there freely -offer to pawn all his lands, his honour, and his life, in my behalf -for the performance and finishing of this royal work; which being -once perfected, if his Majesty (by the advice of the best experienced -artist and seamen of the Kingdom) should dislike, he would willingly, -with help of his, take off from his Majesty's hands at his and their -proper charge with[out] any damage or loss to his Majesty; and -this did his Lordship deliver with such bold, assured, confident -earnestness as gave much content to his Majesty and satisfaction to -the Prince, the Lords, and most part of the rest of the standers by. - -To this speech his Majesty replied briefly with gracious -acknowledgments of his princely acceptance of his Lordship's true, -faithful service and zeal expressed in that his worthy speech, of -which he had so great assurance as he confidently protested never -king could be more happy than himself in the service of such an -honourable subject; and therefore there was no need why he should any -ways engage neither himself nor his honour in that which his Majesty -had, by the course of upright justice, before the face of God and the -world, so apparently cleared; this said, his Majesty rose. - -In passing through the hall, the Lord Admiral going before and -leading me in his hand, the Lord Thomas Howard, then Lord Chamberlain -of the Household, made a motion to his Majesty to lay a charge upon -me that I should not make any quarrel against any person or persons -that had that day given information against me, alleging he knew -my stomach to be such as, if I were not contained by his Majesty's -commandment, I would call them to account for their doings, whereupon -blood might ensue. - -His Majesty, giving ear to what his Lordship advised, gave him thanks -for his worthy counsel; and calling me unto him before the whole -company, I sitting upon my knees, he gave me an especial charge upon -my allegiance and life that I should not quarrel or challenge any -person or persons whatsoever that had that day given information -against me, alleging I had honour sufficient to have been cleared of -all questions and objections unjustly laid to my charge by the equity -of my cause and his justice. - -This speech concluded, his Majesty hastened to take his caroche which -attended at the gate: the noble Lord Admiral brought me in his hand -to his Majesty, to kiss his royal hand and take my leave. His Majesty -gave me his hand to kiss with such an expression of his princely -favour and encouragements to proceed cheerfully in my business as did -not only infuse new life into me, but also gave great comfort and -content to all the standers by. - -Then I presented myself upon my knee to the most noble Prince my then -master, who, taking me from the ground, did so affectionately express -his joy for my clearing and the satisfaction his father had received -that day, that he protested he would not only countenance and comfort -me hereafter but care to provide for me and my posterity while he -lived. I received the like noble courtesy from all the lords, who -declared their joy for the happy success[335] God gave me in this -great deliverance. - -The great Lord of Northampton, seeing the event of this business, and -that all things sorted out clean contrary to his expectation, railing -bitterly against his informing instruments, took the back way to his -coach and would not so much as take any leave of his Majesty, but -posted away with no little expression of great discontentment, as did -also the rest of his partakers. - -The Lord Admiral attended his Majesty, being never better contented -in all his life, and returned to Whitehall with the company, it being -almost eight of the clock before they went from Woolwich. - -Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor, Captain Button,[336] and the -rest of my good friends followed, amongst whom was the good old -Lady Mansell and Mrs. Button, who had taken the pains to attend the -hearing in an inner room all that day. - -This day, as it was a very tedious day unto me by reason I was to -answer all objections and kneel so long together, so was it a day of -jubilee to me, a day never to be forgotten of me nor mine; wherein -my good God shewed me wonderful favour and mercy to enable me to -endure the frowns of the King, and to strengthen my weak abilities -to withstand the malice of such and so many powerful adversaries by -the space of one whole long summer's day, for his Majesty (albeit he -was sufficiently persuaded of their malice and my integrity) yet till -he had cleared all doubts by the course of strict examination, and -found me in his justice guiltless, he would show me no countenance at -all; but after their malice was discovered, and all those heads and -points fully answered and clearly resolved, his Majesty then both in -countenance, words, and all other princely expressions, declared his -royal disposition towards me. - -The next day, being the 9th of May, I began the work again, every man -striving to express his willingness thereunto by reason of the great -encouragement his Majesty had publicly and generally given to them; -and within two or three days after, the Lord Admiral, Sir Robert -Mansell, and Sir John Trevor, advising together with me, we resolved -to move the Lords of the Council to have two principal men, which -were Master Shipwrights, to be by their order appointed to repair -twice at least in the week to Woolwich, to survey the provisions, and -to foresee that no unserviceable materials should be wrought upon -the ship, which we did to clear all suspicions of any ends of our -own. This accordingly was consented to of the Lords, and Mr. Mathew -Baker and Henry Reynolds were appointed to be the overseers, who -for fashion's sake some three or four times came to Woolwich, but -finding our care to be more to perform honestly than theirs could -be to prevent with their best endeavours, they gave over the trust -recommended to them and left me to myself. - -The 7th of June following, the Red Lion, which was newly rebuilt by -Mr. Baker at Deptford, was launched; where was present the King's -Majesty and the Prince, I attending then near the place at the great -storehouse end, where his Majesty had his standing; he was pleased -very graciously to confer with me and to use me with extraordinary -expressions of his princely favour. - -The 8th day of June, being the Thursday in Whitsun week, his -Majesty began to hear the great and general cause of the Navy in -his Presence Chamber at[337] Greenwich, wherein three whole days -was spent in several examinations of the truth and circumstances of -the informations delivered by the Lord Northampton and his agents, -against Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor, Captain Button, Sir -Thomas Bludder, Mr. Legatt,[338] myself and many others. - -The first day the Lord Northampton made the very entrance into the -business a great complaint of the dishonour he reaped by my hearing -at Woolwich, insisting very maliciously in incensing his Majesty -against me and others, who, as he said, traduced him in every tavern -and ale bench, to his great dishonour; and therefore humbly besought -his Majesty that business might be again called in question, alleging -the confidence of the informers who were ready to maintain the truth -of their former informations with their lives. - -His Majesty, taking it ill that my Lord should dare to question his -just proceedings, which he had taken such pains personally to hear -[and] determine, took him short off with a sharp reprehension and -willed him no further to insist upon that whereof his Majesty and the -whole world were so sufficiently satisfied; but if he had aught else -to say he should proceed with that, and he was there ready to hear -and to do him all right. Then his Lordship began to deliver sundry -particular bitter accusations against Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John -Trevor, and the rest, all savouring more of malice than of truth, as -was apparent by every man's answer when they were called to speak for -themselves. - -On Saturday, being the 10th of June and the last day of hearing, -to conclude all, I was called the last man to answer a grievous -accusation for my Spanish voyage made in the Resistance, when I -attended the Lord Admiral for the conclusion of the peace. Captain -Norreys being then the principal informer, it was laid to my charge -I had transported and sold to the Spaniards divers tons of brass -ordnance and other provisions of powder and shot, but after it came -to the trial all proved nothing but ridiculus mus;[339] his Majesty -being made privy to all the proceeding in that business by the Lord -Admiral when he was in Spain, so that I was fully cleared of all -those scandalous and false informations by his Majesty's own mouth, -to the shame and disgrace of those that were the principal actors and -prosecutors of it; and thus was that great hearing fully concluded at -Greenwich. - -It must not be forgotten how the Lord in his justice did revenge my -injuries and wrongs even upon all those that were sworn against me; -but because in modesty I will spare to nominate some, and in what -particulars they were afterwards in special matters beholding to me, -yet I must not pass over one remarkable accident that happened to one -of them in this manner. - -Captain George Waymouth before mentioned, being one of the most -violent and bitterest adversaries that came against me, happened to -have drawn in a knight of Hampshire to be so credulously confident -of his special art in building of ships, that he trusted him to have -the oversight and direction of building a small ship for him, which -was expected to have been so rare a sailer, and every way so well -conditioned, as she should run beyond the moon; but in the end, -when she came to be tried, she proved the veriest bauble and drown -devil[340] that ever went to sea; and so plainly cozened the knight -both of his charge and expectation. - -The provisions of cordage, anchors, sails, munition, and other -furniture were to come from London, and Captain Waymouth was trusted -both to ship them and to convey them to the vessel; and for the -better security he resolved to embark himself with them, and falling -down as low as the North Foreland, there mistaking his course (as he -did in the North-west Passage[341]), instead of going to Shoreham -in Sussex, he went for Flushing; and so, pretending some lame excuse -to colour his pretence, passed from thence to Antwerp, where it is -most certain he proffered to sell all his commodities and his service -also, had he not been prevented, albeit he enjoyed a pension[342] of -ten groats per diem here in England from his Majesty under the title -of Master Engineer. - -This his juggling was not so privately conveyed but notice and -advertisement was given and sent to the Lords of the Council, and by -their Lordships to the Lord High Admiral; whereupon strict order was -taken that he should be apprehended as a pirate if he at any time -were found in England. - -Upon knowledge hereof, he secretly stole over and got to London, and -there very privately, by means of one Mr. Poory,[343] a gentleman -having some near dependence upon the right honourable the Earl of -Salisbury, then the Lord Treasurer of England, his case was made -known to his Lordship to be a means to his Majesty for his pardon. -His Lordship, very well remembering what part he played at my hearing -at Woolwich, and what particular notice his Majesty and the Prince's -Highness took of his dishonest and base carriage, utterly disclaimed -him so much as to hear him named; but being very much importuned by -Mr. Poory and one, old Keymer,[344] he advised his safest course to -be to make his way to the Lord Admiral, in whose power he was now -fallen by piracy, and that he had no better or readier way to effect -this but to repair to me and to confess his former injuries and truly -to deliver by what means and working he was drawn into that business, -and so to offer me as public satisfaction as he had done me public -injury, that I might be a mean both to the Prince's Highness and to -the Lord Admiral he might, upon this submission, be both pardoned -and received into favour. This counsel was presently followed, and a -great supper bespoken at the Three Cranes in the Vintry by Mr. Poory -and Mr. Keymer, to which I was trained by a solemn invitation by them -both, by a letter sent to me to Woolwich that very morning before the -supper intended. - -We met according to appointment, and, after some compliments passed, -Poory and Keymer, drawing me aside into a private room, there -discovered unto me the cause of their meeting and sending for me, -which when I throughly understood I refused either to stay or see -Waymouth; but at length won by their importunities, and the rather -for that they confidently assured me this was done by the advice of -my most honourable good Lord, the Lord Treasurer, I was contented to -stay supper with them, and Waymouth came in and sat at the same table -without any speech concerning the business. Supper ended, Mr. Poory -began to break the matter to this effect: that Captain Waymouth there -present, acknowledging his error in doing me so great an injury, was -purposely come in their company to offer me what satisfaction I would -desire, confessing it now lay in my power either to undo him or to -recover his lost reputation, and to perform what I should enjoin him, -in what public manner I would require. - -To this I answered that, first, I never had any conversation with -Waymouth, nor did ever give him any cause to be my enemy in so great -a height as to accuse me before a king in the presence of such an -audience, wherein no less than my life was questioned, aggra[va]ting -each circumstance of his malicious carriage towards me as well as I -could then remember. - -To be short, Captain Waymouth, there rising from the table, in the -presence of all that were there, fell on his knee and desired me as -I was a gentleman to pardon what he had inadvisedly done against me; -all the circumstances he would truly discover, if I would give him -leave to speak; and then, rising from the ground, laid down his sword -at my feet, there vowing in the presence of God and that company, -both himself, his life, and sword, should be ever at my command and -service. - -He then freely delivered by whom he was first solicited to join in -that business against me, which was Mr. Baker, Bright, and the rest, -for the space of two months together; to whom he made flat denial to -join in such a malicious practice, and did never condescend till they -procured him to be sent for by a letter from the Lord Northampton to -come to speak with him, by whose flatteries and fair promises he was -enticed to be a party with them; and this he offered to make good -upon his oath whensoever he should be called. - -Upon this his submission, I was contented to forgive the injury -done to me in my own particular, but I could not promise to mediate -betwixt him and the Prince my master, nor the Lord Admiral. This was -accepted upon my promise I would not aggravate anything against him, -and thus spending almost the whole night I took my leave, and so took -boat and returned that morning to Woolwich; and this was about the -18th of November. - -This meeting was not so private but that his Highness and the Lord -Admiral had notice of it, whereupon the Prince sent for me and -commanded me to deliver the truth, which I accordingly did in each -particular. His Highness disliked that I did not acquaint him with -it, but when I assured him of the manner of my training thither, -with some little check[345] he was satisfied; and the Lord Treasurer -did so mediate for him to the good Lord Admiral that his pardon was -granted, but himself from that time after (till his dying day which -shortly followed) was never received to favour, nor good opinion. - -In the beginning of January following, there were two new ships, -builded at Deptford[346] for the East India Merchants, to be -launched; whereat his Majesty with the Prince and divers lords were -present, and feasted with a banquet of sweetmeats on board the great -ship in the dock, which was called the Trade's Increase[347]; the -other was called the Peppercorn,[348] the names being given by his -Majesty. I did there attend, and received gracious public usage from -his Majesty, the Prince, and the Lords; but the tide was so bad -that the great ship could not be launched out of the dock, and the -smaller, which was built upon the wharf, was so ill stroken[349] upon -the launching ways that she could by no means be put off, which did -somewhat discontent his Majesty.[350] - -The last day of January, the Prince's Highness came to Woolwich, to -see in what forwardness the ship was in, where I gave him and his -followers entertainment. - -The 7th day of January, by commandment from the Prince's Highness, I -attended at the great feast made by him at St. James's to the King, -Queen, Duke of York, Lady Elizabeth, the Lords of the Council, and -all the Knights that were actors at the barriers.[351] The supper was -not ended till after ten at night, from whence they went to the Play, -and, that ended, returned again to a set banquet in the gallery where -the supper was, the table being above 120 foot long, and it was 3 of -the clock in the morning before all was finished. - -The 9th of February, my wife's brother, John Nicholls, being a linen -draper dwelling in Friday Street, died of the sickness. - -The 25th April the Prince's Highness came to Woolwich and dined -there, with all his train, in my dining room. - -The 27th April, my sister Lydia, whom I was glad to maintain a -long time before, with a poor man that was her husband, died at -Plumstead, and was there buried at my charge. - -The 30th of this month, the Resistance was launched out of my brother -Simonson's Dock at Ratcliff, where she was newly repaired. - -The second of May, the Lady Elizabeth with her train came to see the -great ship at Woolwich, and was entertained by my wife, I being then -at London. - -About the 10th of May, this present year, I bought Sir John Trevor's -third part of the Resistance, so that I had two third parts of her to -myself. - -The 18th of June the Prince's Highness came to Woolwich, to see the -ship, who was now in great forwardness and almost ready; and the next -day after he came thither again in company of the King his father, -and a great train attending on them, in the afternoon. His Majesty -spent almost two hours in great content in surveying the ship, both -within and without, protesting it did not repent him to have taken -such great pains in examination of the business of that work, since -the fruit thereof yielded him such contentation.[352] His Majesty -then did me the honour to come into the house, where my wife had -prepared a banquet of sweetmeats and such fruits as were then to -be had, whereof he was pleased to taste plentifully and did very -graciously accept of his homely entertainment, giving me especial -commandment not to launch the ship till his progress was ended. - -Between Easter and Michaelmas that the ship began to be -garnished,[353] it is not credible what numbers of people continually -resorted to Woolwich of all sorts, both nobles, gentry, citizens, -and from all parts of the country round about; which was no small -charge to me, in giving daily entertainment to all comers, which -could not be possibly avoided in that place at such a time. - -In the beginning of August I was summoned to Chatham with my fellow -Master Shipwrights, there to take a survey of the Navy according to -the yearly custom. Sir John Trevor, then Surveyor, attended that -service personally; where we spent four days in performing that -business, and so returned to Woolwich. - -The 6th of this month of August, my wife was delivered of her fifth -son, at Woolwich in my own lodgings, between the hours of 6 and 7 -of the clock in the morning, being Thursday.[354] And the 16th day -of the same month he was baptized in the church at Woolwich, upon a -Thursday in the forenoon. - -The witnesses were my brother Peter and brother William Brooke, -godfathers, and my wife's mother, Mistress Katherine Nicholls, -godmother. - -The 22nd of this month, I let out the Resistance for a voyage into -the Straits at the rate of 100_l._ per mensem, with 36 men; Mr. -William Gibbons appointed the master. - -The 31st day, I rode to Nonsuch,[355] to the Prince, that then was -there in hunting, who of his nobleness promised to send me a buck to -Woolwich, because he had then given all away that were fallen that -day. - -The 9th of September, being Sunday, about six of the clock in the -evening, divers London maids, coming to see the ship, brought in -their company a little boy of 12 years old, the only child of his -mother, a widow woman dwelling in Tower Street, who, carelessly going -up and down upon the main orlop,[356] fell down into the hold of -the ship and was thereby so broken and bruised that he died before -midnight, being the first mischance that did happen in the whole time -of the ship's building. - -About the middle of this month, being ready to have the ship stroken -down upon her ways, I caused 12 of the choice master carpenters of -his Majesty's Navy to be sent for from Chatham to be assistance in -her striking and launching; and upon the 18th day, being Tuesday, she -was safely set upon her ways, and this day Sir Robert Mansell came -and dined with me in my lodgings. - -The 20th of this month, the French Leaguer[357] Ambassador came to -Woolwich, to see the ship, whom I entertained in the best manner I -could; and in the time of his being within, the Prince, my royal -master, sent me a wonderful fat buck which he killed with his own -hand. - -Now began we on all sides to make preparation for the launching of -the ship, and for that purpose there was provided a rich standard of -taffety,[358] very fairly gilt with gold, with his Majesty's arms, -to be placed upon the poop, and a very large ensign of crimson rich -taffety, with a canton of the Prince's crest, to be placed upon -the quarter deck, and all other ornaments were carefully provided -for, befitting that purpose. There was a standing set up in the -most convenient place in the Yard for his Majesty, the Queen, and -their royal children, and places fitted for the ladies and Council, -all railed in and boarded; all the rooms both in my own lodgings -and at Mr. Lydiard's were[359] prepared and very handsomely hanged -and furnished with a cloth of state, chairs, stools and other -necessaries; nothing was omitted that could be imagined any ways -necessary, both for ease and entertainment. - -Upon Sunday in the afternoon, being the 23rd day of September, -Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor, and Sir Henry Palmer came to -Woolwich to see how everything was ordered, and finding all things -prepared and fitted to their likings, about three of the clock they -returned all to Deptford, where they lodged that night at Sir Robert -Mansell's. This evening, very late, there [came] a messenger to me -from them, bringing a letter which was sent to them from Court, at -Theobalds, to give me order to be very careful to search the ship's -hold for fear some treacherous persons might have bored some holes, -privily, in the ship, to sink her after she should be launched; but -my care had prevented their fears aforehand, so far as possibly could -be searched or discerned. - -On Monday morning, assisted by the help of my brother Simonson and -sundry other my friends, we opened the dock gates and made all things -ready against the tide, but the wind blowing very hard at south-west -kept out the flood so as it proved a very bad tide, little better -than a neap, which put us afterwards to great trouble and hazard. - -The King's Majesty came from Theobalds, though he had been very ill -at ease with a scouring taken with surfeiting by eating grapes, -and landed here about eleven of the clock. Prince Henry attended -him, and most part of the Lords of the Council. The Lord Admiral, -attended by the Principal Officers of the Navy together with myself, -received him on land out of his barge and conducted him to the place -provided for him in Mr. Lydiard's house; his dinner was dressed in -our great kitchen. After dinner came the Queen's Majesty, accompanied -with the Duke of York, Lady Elizabeth, and divers great lords and -ladies in her train. The drums and trumpets [were] placed on poop -and forecastle and the wind instruments by them, so that nothing was -wanting to so great a royalty that could be desired. - -When it grew towards high water and all things ready, and a great -close lighter made fast at the ship's stern, and the Queen's Majesty -with her train placed, the Lord Admiral gave me commandment to heave -taut the crabs[360] and screws,[361] though I had little hope to -launch by reason the wind over-blew the tide; yet the ship started -and had launched, but that the dock gates pent her in so strait that -she stuck fast between them, by reason the ship was nothing lifted -with the tide as we expected she should, and the great lighter by -unadvised counsel being cut off the stern, the ship settled so hard -upon the ground that there was no possibility of launching that tide, -besides that there was such a multitude of people got into the ship -that one could scarcely stir by another. The noble Prince himself, -accompanied with the Lord Admiral and other great Lords, were upon -the poop, where the great standing gilt cup was ready filled with -wine to name the ship, so soon as she had been on float, according -to ancient custom and ceremony performed at such times, by drinking -part of the wine, giving the ship her name, and heaving the standing -cup overboard. - -The King's Majesty was much grieved to be frustrate of his -expectation, coming on purpose, though very ill at ease, to have done -me honour, but God saw it not so good for me and therefore sent this -cross upon me both to humble me and to make me know that howsoever we -purposed, he would dispose all things as he pleased; so that about -five of the clock his Majesty with the Queen and all their train -departed away to Greenwich, where then the household were removed. -Prince Henry stayed behind a good while after his Majesty was gone, -conferring with the Lord Admiral, Principal Officers, and myself what -was to be done; and, leaving the Lord Admiral to stay here to see all -things performed that was resolved on, he took horse and rode after -the King to Greenwich, with promise to return back presently after -midnight. - -So soon as the multitudes were gone and things quiet, we went -presently in hand to make way with the sides of the dock gates, and -having great store of scavelmen[362] and other labourers, we made -all things ready before any flood came; which performed, every man -applied himself to get victuals and to take rest. The Lord Admiral -sat up all the night in a chair in his chamber, till the tide was -come about the ship; and Sir Robert Mansell, Sir John Trevor, and Sir -Henry Palmer made shift in my lodgings to rest themselves. - -The beginning of the night was very fair and bright moonshine, the -moon being a little past full, but after midnight the weather was -sore overcast, and a very sore gust of rain, thunder and lightning, -which made me doubt that there was some indirect working amongst our -enemies to dash our launching; this gust lasted about half an hour -with great extremity, the wind being at south-west. - -In the midst of this great gust, Prince Henry and all his [train] -were taken upon the top of Blackheath in their coming to Woolwich, -but his invincible spirit, daunted with nothing, made little account -of it but came through, and was no sooner alighted in the yard but, -calling for the Lord Admiral and myself and Sir Robert Mansell, went -all presently on board the ship, being about two of the clock, almost -one hour before high water; and was no sooner entered but, the word -being given to set all taut, the ship went away without any straining -of screws or tackles, till she came clear afloat into the midst of -the channel, to the great joy and comfort of the Prince's Highness, -the Lord Admiral, and all the rest of my noble loving friends, which -mercy of God to me I pray I may never forget. - -His Highness then, standing upon the poop with a selected company -only, besides the trumpets, with a great deal of expression of -princely joy, and with the ceremony[363] of drinking in the great -standing cup, threw all the wine forward towards the half deck, and -solemnly calling her by the name of the Prince Royal, the trumpets -sounding all the while, with many gracious words to me, gave the -standing cup into mine own hands, and would not go from the ship till -he saw her fast at her moorings. In heaving down to the moorings we -found that all the hawsers that were laid on shore for land-fasts -were treacherously cut, to put the ship to hazard of running on -shore, if God had not blessed us better. - -In the interim of warping to the moorings, his Highness went down -to the platform of the cook-room where the ship's beer stood for -the ordinary company, and there finding an old can without a lid, -went and drew it full of beer himself, and drank it off to the Lord -Admiral, and caused him with the rest of his attendants to do the -like. - -About nine the same morning, being very rainy, he took his barge, -accompanied with the Lord Admiral and the rest of his train, and, -giving us a princely gracious farewell, rowed against the tide -to Greenwich, where he made relation of all the business and the -circumstances thereof to the King his father. - -We then came on shore to refresh ourselves with victuals, and to take -some rest, having toiled all the night before; and, amongst the rest -of the company, Sir Henry Palmer was pleased to stay dinner, where we -drank Prince Henry's health round, to hansel[364] the standing cup -given at the launching. - -The 8th day of October I began to kill beef at Woolwich for the -victualling of the Resistance, for a voyage into the Straits. - -The 20th of October were discharged most part of all the workmen -which wrought upon the Prince, and were paid at Deptford [the] same -day. - -The 22nd day of this month, the Resistance fell down to the -wall,[365] and the 27th day she came down to Woolwich, and there -anchored by the Prince. - -This day also I shipped away my household stuff from Woolwich to -Chatham. - -The 29th day, being Monday, I removed from Woolwich to Chatham, with -my wife, children, and my whole family, and the next day I returned -again to Woolwich, and the next day divers Straits ships fell down to -Woolwich, and we caused them to anchor by the Prince, and to help us -with all their men to set the Prince's masts. - -The first of November, being Thursday, was set the Prince's foremast, -and on Saturday, being the 3rd day, her boltsprit was set also, all -the merchantmen's companies helping us. - -The 8th day, being Thursday, the Resistance and the rest of the -Straits ships set sail for Gravesend, and I went down thither in the -Resistance, and that night went to Chatham, and the next day returned -to Gravesend and cleared away my ship. - -The 10th day, being Saturday, betimes in the morning the Resistance -and the rest of the Straits ships set sail from Gravesend, and went -over the next tide. I went in the Resistance, Captain John King went -in his own ship, the Mathew, and Mr. Jenkins the shipwright went with -Mr. Wills in the Althea, and Mr. Newport went master in the Centaur. -We all anchored in the Gore,[366] and lay ashore at Birchington that -night, old Thomas Puniett in our company. The next day Captain King, -Mr. Jenkins, Mr. Puniett,[367] and myself, came post to Chatham; they -lay at my house all night, and the next day I came up to Woolwich -with them in my company. - -The Prince by this time was wholly rigged and made ready to go to -Chatham, of which having made Prince Henry's Highness acquainted, he -was pleased to come on board her at Woolwich on Thursday, being the -6th December, where he stayed some 3 hours, being wonderful desirous -to [have] had us set sail, if we could possibly have done it without -danger. Sir Robert Mansell that day attended upon the Prince, and -was by him commanded to go down in her to Chatham with us. Captain -King was master, thereto being appointed by the Prince, old John a -Vale was our pilot, Mr. John Reynolds the master gunner, and Lawrence -Spencer, boatswain. So soon as it was high water, which was about 3 -of the clock, his Highness went on shore at Woolwich where his coach -attended; at his landing we gave him eleven pieces of ordnance, which -was all we had then aboard. - -The 7th day of this month, Sir Robert Mansell sent his bedding and -provision on board the Prince, and necessaries for the journey, and -that night he came on board and lay there all night; and the next -day, being Saturday, the wind being at south-west, we made ready to -set sail and got our anchors on board, but it was a great fog all the -morning, and at noon it cleared up, but it was so little wind that -we could scarce bear ahead with all our sails and boats, yet we with -much ado got as low as Halfway Tree,[368] and there, the water being -much fallen, we anchored all that night. - -The next day, being Sunday the 9th December, we set sail about one of -the clock, with a fresh gale at south-west, and that night anchored -at the lower end of Gravesend. Monday, the 10th day, we set sail -into Tilbury Hope, and, for that we wanted a great anchor and cable, -Sir Robert thought it fit for us to stay there till we were supplied -with all wants, for which purpose Sir Robert went back to London that -night, and I went home to Chatham. - -On Friday after, being the 14th day, I returned on board the ship -into Tilbury Hope, and presently after Sir Robert came on board, and -having received the supply of our wants, we made ready to set sail -again the next day. - -Saturday morning, we set sail from Tilbury Hope and anchored thwart -the Nore, where we lay all that night; Sunday, the 16th day, we -weighed and anchored within Sheerness; and on Monday we got up as -high as St. Mary's Creek;[369] and the next day, being Tuesday and -the 18th day, we brought the ship safe to her moorings within the -chain at Upnor, for which we gave God thanks. - -So soon as the ship was safe moored, Sir Robert Mansell rode away -post for London, and I went home to my house. On the Wednesday after -I made a journey to London to wait upon the Prince, my master, where -I stayed till the Saturday after, being the 22nd day, and then -returned home to Chatham; and thus ended the year of 1610. - -Anno 1611. There passed little worth note till towards the end of -April, this present year; and the 29th day of this month, being on -a Monday, I was by the Prince's Highness' command sent for to come -to London, to be at Westminster with Sir Robert Mansell that night -at supper. The message came to me between 2 and 3 [of the] clock in -the afternoon. I presently caused my horses to be taken up and made -ready, and presently took horse and according to appointment came -thither by seven that night, where I found Sir Robert Mansell and Sir -Oliver Cromwell expecting my coming. - -The next morning Sir Robert Mansell and myself repaired to St. -James's, where I received from the Prince's own mouth his Highness' -intent to make a private journey to Chatham, and to go down in his -barges round about by Queenborough; giving me strait charge I should -acquaint none with it, but make preparation for his lodging and diet -and his small train in Chatham, Mr. Legatt's house being appointed -the place to receive his own person. So, being taught my lesson, I -returned to Chatham, taking present order for the preparing of all -things for his entertainment. - -There was a small merchantman bound for the East Country, which was -purposely sent down into Tilbury Hope, to ride there, to refresh his -Highness on board her and to relieve the watermen; to which purpose -she was quaintly fitted with all things, and a great breakfast -prepared for that purpose, Sir William St. John[370] having the -charge of seeing it performed, being as Captain of the ship for -present.[371] - -The 5th of May, being Sunday, after dinner I took horse to Gravesend, -where met me Captain King, who had part of that merchant ship and was -commanded to attend, and we lay all night at Gravesend. - -On Monday morning, being the 6th of May, the Prince's Highness -took his barges at Whitehall by 5 of the clock. He was accompanied -with the Earls of Shrewsbury, Arundel, and Earl of Mar, Sir Thomas -Chaloner, Sir Oliver Cromwell, Sir Robert Mansell, and some others -of his household servants. About 9 of the clock his Highness came on -board, where we were ready to receive him after the sea manner, with -trumpets and drums, and after he had refreshed himself, the Lords -broke fast, and the watermen relieved with fresh spells, we went on -against the tide till we came within Queenborough water, and it was -ebbed before we could get as high as Upnor; and so, passing along by -all the ships, his Highness was landed at the old dock at Chatham a -little before 6 at night, and thence walked on foot to Mr. Legatt's -house, where his supper was ready prepared for him and his train, to -his great content. - -The Earl of Arundel was lodged at a boatswain's house next Mr. -Legatt's, the Earl of Shrewsbury and Earl of Mar were lodged at my -house, the other train in other convenient places. - -Tuesday morning betimes, according to his Highness' directions -overnight, barges and boats were ready prepared to attend his -Highness; who had broke fast and was ready by seven of the clock, and -took his barge and went first on board the Prince, and so from ship -to ship of the lower reach, taking particular private information -from Sir Robert Mansell and myself (none else suffered to come near) -of the state and condition of each several ship in his own table -book. This done, landed and went to dinner, where he was very merry -and pleasant; we having placed 15 great brass chambers in the garden -to be fired when his Highness drunk any healths, and were attended -by Mr. John Reynolds, master gunner of his own ship, who carefully -performed his charge. - -Dinner done, his Highness proceeded again in viewing all the ships -and pinnaces in the upper reach, not leaving out any one which he was -not on board of, taking[372] the same course with them as was done -with the other in the forenoon, by which time the day was far spent, -and his Highness returned to his lodging, supper being ready against -his coming. - -Wednesday, after his Highness had broke fast, he took his barges and -went up to Strood by water, all the ships of both reaches giving -him a royal farewell with their ordnance, which he commanded to be -shot, even over his barge, notwithstanding all the persuasion to the -contrary.[373] He was landed at Strood, where his coaches attended -him, and thence went to Gravesend, whither I also waited on him, -and there his Highness was received by the magistrates of the town -with all their small shot and the ordnance of the blockhouses: at -his putting in his barge he was pleased to grace me with kissing -his hand, expressing how well he was pleased with his journey and -entertainment; thence I returned home to Chatham. - -The 4th of June, being Tuesday, being prepared to have gone to London -the next day, about midnight one of the King's messengers was sent -down to me from the Lord Treasurer to man the light horseman[374] -with 20 musketeers and to run out as low as the Nore head to search -all ships, barks, and other vessels, for the Lady Arabella[375] that -had then made a scape and was bound over for France; which service -I performed accordingly, and searched Queenborough, and all other -vessels I could meet withal, and then went over to Leigh[376] in -Essex and searched the town; and when we could hear no news of her -went to Gravesend, and thence took post horse to Greenwich, where his -Majesty then lay, and delivered the account of my journey to the Lord -Treasurer by his Majesty's command; and so was dismissed, and went -that night to Ratcliff, where I lay at Captain King's. - -The 10th of June, being at London, I had news of the arrival of the -Resistance from the Straits, whereupon I went presently for Chatham, -and the next morning returned to Gravesend and shipped myself in -a ketch, and was before night set on board the Resistance in Gore -End road, where were other ships that came thither in company, and -amongst the rest one of the East India ships newly come, of whom one -David Middleton[377] was captain. I stayed in the Gore till the 17th -day, at which time we were purposed to have weighed and come over, -but there rose such a storm at west, and so over-blew, that divers -ships venturing were cast away, and they that scaped best lost their -masts and ground tackle, but God blessed us that we did not lose -the ship at all. I then, having earnest business to be at Chatham, -was set on shore at Margate, from whence I took post horse and came -safely that night to Chatham, giving God thanks for his merciful -deliverance. - -About this time Sir John Trevor, having sold his place of Surveyor -of the Navy to one Captain Richard Bingley,[378] was come down to -Chatham to surrender his place unto him at the pay then made; and -thereupon there was by the new Surveyor's means a strict survey -made of the whole Navy, wherein I denied to join before I knew the -Prince's pleasure, but was afterwards persuaded to yield unto it by -Sir John Trevor's importunity; whereby I incurred great blame and -a sharp check from the Prince's Highness, which I had much ado to -pacify by the help of the best friends I had about him, being sent -for on purpose to Richmond to give his Highness satisfaction therein. - -About the 8th day of July I paid the company of the Resistance for -their voyage, and presently graved her for another, and at the same -time I was sent for by the Lord Admiral of England, to Hampton -Court, to give an account about the proceedings of the survey, made -a little before at Chatham, of the state of the Navy; and then I was -also sent for to attend the Prince at Richmond, to give his Highness -satisfaction concerning the proceedings therein, which he took as an -affront, because I had not made his Grace acquainted with it, being -hindered by Sir Richard Bingley. - -The 17th day of this month,[379] being Saturday, having fitted the -Resistance in all points for her voyage into the Straits, she set -sail to Blackwall, and the next morning came to Gravesend, where I -left her and went to Chatham; and next day, being Monday morning, I -brought my wife to Gravesend with me, where we lay that night, and -having cleared the ship from thence, saw her set sail on Tuesday -morning betimes, and then returned home to Chatham. - -In the end of this month I caused the little Disdain, Prince Henry's -pinnace, to be rigged and fitted for me to take the air of the sea to -the river's mouth. - -The 3rd of September, being Tuesday, I set sail with the Disdain -betimes in the morning from Upnor, having the ship manned with divers -of my friends in the Navy, which voluntary went with me, as David -Duck, Nicholas Surtis, Robert Sharpe, cousin[380] Peter Pett, and -others, whom I royally victualled, and put out of Queenborough, and -with the next flood, the wind westerly, we turned up as high as Hole -Haven,[381] where we anchored all night; next morning I turned up -to Gravesend, where we anchored in expectance of the company of my -friend Captain John King, who was to come from London to meet me -there upon his faithful promise, but he failing, I with my company -dined on shore at Gravesend, and in the afternoon set sail into -Tilbury Hope where we anchored all night. - -The next morning, being Thursday and the 5th day, we weighed betimes -in the morning with a fair gale of wind at west and went down as -low as the buoy of the Oase edge, where we anchored till the flood, -before which time the wind harted[382] in and blew a very fresh -gale, and before a quarter flood it blew so much wind as we could -not maintain our topsails abroad, and the sea was so high grown that -our little ship would not work, so that we had much ado to get up as -high as thwart of Minster Church upon the Island of Sheppey,[383] -where, close under the edge of the Cant, we came to an anchor in -shoal water; by which time it blew up a very great storm, the wind -at west-south-west, and there we were forced to ride it out till the -next day at half flood, not without some danger; and then the wind -beginning to duller[384] we weighed and got up under Sheerness,[385] -where we anchored all night, and the next day, being Saturday and the -7th day, we brought our ship safe to Gillingham, giving God thanks -for our safety and deliverance. - -About the middle of December, the Honour[386] and Defiance being -appointed to be brought into dry dock at Woolwich, the Honour to -be repaired by Mr. Baker, who first built her, and the Defiance -commended to me, we began to prepare the dock for the receiving of -them in after Christmas; and so ended this year of 1611. - -The 6th day of January I went from Chatham to Woolwich to dock the -Honour and the Defiance. On the 9th day we opened the gates and -brought in the Defiance; the next day proved so much wind as we could -not stir the Honour from her moorings, so that she was not docked -till the night tide; the 11th day the gates were shut in and caulked. -About the middle of this month, Prince Henry lying at Greenwich, -all the King's Master Shipwrights were commanded by his Highness to -attend him about a resolution of building ships in Ireland, and a -proposition was made by Mr. William Burrell to undertake to build -one of six hundred tons in the room of the old Bonaventure, at a -rate,[387] to build her in Ireland, myself being appointed to have -gone over thither to see him to perform his bargain; and every Master -Shipwright brought in plats,[388] to the end his Highness might make -the better choice for what proportions and kinds of moulds[389] he -did best approve of for fitness of service. - -About this time also I did accompany Captain Thomas Button to make -choice of a ship[390] for the North-west Passage, in which journey -he was to be employed by the appointment of the Prince. Towards -the end of this month I attended at Deptford to the docking of the -Dreadnought. - -About the 6th of March, the Resistance returned home of her voyage, -and the 23rd of the same I paid all her company. - -The 14th day of April, being Easter Tuesday, I came to Gravesend to -meet Captain Button, who was then going away upon his voyage, and -we parted together[391] on board his ship, from whence I returned to -Chatham. - -About the middle of June, by the commandment of Prince Henry, I -began to make ready a frame for a small new ship, who was to be as a -pinnace to the great ship, the Prince, in which the Prince's Highness -did purpose to solace himself sometimes into the Narrow Seas; and -therefore she was appointed to be fitted with a very roomy cabin and -all other accommodations for that purpose; the keel of which ship was -laid in the launching place at the old dock at Chatham the last day -of June, being in length 72 foot, in breadth 24 foot, and to draw 11 -foot water, of the burden 250 tons and tonnage,[392] or thereabouts. - -Much about the 10th July, I sold the good ship called the Resistance -to one Mr. Henry Mainwaring,[393] brother to Sir Arthur Mainwaring, -for 700 and odd pounds, whereof I received 450_l._ down and gave time -for the payment of the rest, having Sir Arthur Mainwaring bound for -the payment of the same, which was not performed in more than two -years after. The cause that I sold this lucky ship was for that Mr. -William Gibbons,[394] that was my master in her, was by my consent -licensed to go with Captain Button (being his near kinsman) to the -North-west Passage. - -The 1st of August, being Saturday, the Prince's Highness being to -take his progress from Richmond, I rode from Chatham to Richmond, -accompanied with Captain John King and Mr. John Reynolds, then master -gunner of the Prince. The next day, being Sunday, I waited on his -Highness to chapel and at dinner; he had this day a great deal of -private conference with me concerning affairs of consequence. After -his Highness was risen from dinner and had talked with me awhile at -the bay window of the presence,[395] he was pleased to license me to -depart to dinner, which was prepared for me and my company by Mr. -Alexander, the principal gentleman usher, at Mr. Wilson's house, -then his Highness' tailor; from whence I was three times sent for by -his Highness in dinner time, to attend him to give him satisfaction -about sundry material questions wherein he desired to be satisfied; -which done, he sent me to dinner, commanding me after I had dined to -wait upon him again. Between two and three of the clock, I attended -according to his Highness' commandment, at what time he was pleased -to deliver his pleasure to the full unto me, with protestation of -the trust he reposed in me and the good opinion of my performance -of what he was pleased to commend to my charge, with many princely -passages of his gracious favour and intendiments to provide for me. -In conclusion, upon my parting, with a most princely loving gravity, -he gave me a farewell in these words 'Go on cheerfully' saith he -'in that which I entrust you with, and let not the care for your -posterity incumber you any ways, for you shall leave the care both -of yourself and them to me, who have a purpose carefully to provide -for you'; which gracious speeches took such impression in me, that -when I came to kiss his Highness' hands at parting I could not choose -but shed some tears, though I little thought (as God knoweth) that -had been the last time I should have seen him alive, and those the -last words that ever he spake unto me. This night we took our leaves -at Richmond and came to Greenwich, and lodged that night with Mr. -Reynolds. - -At the time of our being at Richmond, it was concluded by Mr. -Alexander and some others of the Prince's servants (not without his -Highness' knowledge) to come to Chatham with their wives to be merry, -and it was agreed also that we would fetch them to Chatham by water -in our pinnaces, to go round about by water; which accordingly was by -us performed, and upon the 12th day of this month we embarked them -at Greenwich, about five of the clock in the morning, to the number -of some twenty persons, men and women, being provided of all manner -of victuals and store of wine for our passage, and by 6 at night -we arrived at Chatham, where they were that night entertained at -supper and lodged with me, as many as we could receive; the rest were -billeted with Mr. Legatt and other neighbours; they were entertained -by none but the Prince's servants. The first day I feasted all the -company; the second day they were feasted with great royalty on -board the great ship, the Prince, dinner and supper, accompanied -with the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy, where the King's, -Queen's, and all their children's healths were drunk round with loud -report of the ordnance, a noise of music attending us all the day. -We took leave on board about ten of the clock at night, our music -playing before us, and for our farewell there were 25 pieces of great -ordnance discharged after the watch was set. On the Saturday, being -the 15th day, all the company were feasted, dinner and supper, at -Mr. John Legatt's. On the Sunday we were all invited to Rochester by -Doctor Milbourne, one of his Highness' chaplains, and then Dean of -Rochester, who bestowed upon us a sermon, himself preaching; with him -we dined and supped, and then returned to Chatham. - -Monday proved so foul and rainy that the company could not take their -journey towards London as was purposed; they all dined with me and -supped at Captain King's. - -The next proved very fair, so that after breakfast some in coaches, -and some on horseback, rode for Gravesend, accompanied with Mr. -Legatt, Captain King, and myself; where we saw them shipped in a -barge, and then took our leaves, bidding them farewell with some -ordnance from both blockhouses. - -The 25th day of September, the new charter[396] for incorporating the -shipwrights of England, granted by King James, in which by the same -charter I was ordained the first Master. I was sworn in my place of -Mr. Master, the dinner being kept at the King's Head in Fish Street, -Mr. Doctor Pay[397] making the sermon at the next church adjoining. - -About this time my picture was begun to be drawn by a Dutchman -working then with Mr. Rock[398] at Rochester. - -The 15th day of October, my eldest and first daughter Ann was born -at my house [at] Chatham between one and two of the clock in the -afternoon, and at that time I had a little fit of sickness which made -me keep house 9 or 10 days. - -The 25th day of this month the noble Prince my master, the hope of -Christendom, sickened. - -The 26th of this month my daughter was baptized in the forenoon at -Chatham Church, where Mr. Doctor Milbourne, then Dean of Rochester, -preached; where a great company of my friends dined with me and -were very merry, little thinking of the calamity that so soon -followed to us all in general, but to myself in particular, by the -death of that ever renowned branch, Prince Henry, my royal and most -indulgent master; at which time began my ensuing misfortune and the -utter downfall of all my former hopes, to the ruin of all my poor -posterity, being now exposed to the malicious practices of my old -enemies, having nothing but the mercies of my good God to trust unto -and to comfort me withal. - -The 6th day of November, I being the same day come up to London, in -the afternoon I came to St. James about four of the clock, where I -found a house turned to the very map[399] of true sorrow, every man -with the character of grief written in his dejected countenance, all -places flowing with tears and bitter lamentations; and about 6 of the -clock the same evening, the most renowned Prince of the world, our -royal and most loving master, departed this life, not only to the -loss and utter undoing of his poor servants, but the general loss of -all Christendom of the protestant religion. - -The beginning of December, I had warning to attend at St. James upon -the preparation for the funeral of our master, and had black cloth -delivered to me according to the place I was ranked in above stairs, -which was a gentleman of the Privy Chamber extraordinary; and the 6th -day after, being Sunday, all his Highness' servants waited at St. -James upon his hearse, then standing in the Chapel, to whom Doctor -Price, then one of his Highness' chaplains, directed an excellent -sermon, his text being taken out of the 3rd chapter of the second -book of Samuel, the 31st verse, in these words:--'Rend your clothes, -put on sackcloth, and mourn before Abner.' There were very few -present at the sermon that did not bitterly mourn and shed tears in -abundance. - -The next day, being Monday the 7th December, we did attend his -Highness' corpse to the funeral in the Abbey at Westminster, which -was the most lamentable march that ever I went. It was three of the -clock in the afternoon before his body was placed under the hearse. -The Lord of Canterbury's Grace preached the funeral sermon: there, -with his body, I burying all my hopes of my future preferments. I -came with an exceeding heavy heart that night to Ratcliff, where that -time I lodged. - -After the ceremonies of the funeral were performed, I returned to my -house at Chatham, where I stayed till the 27th day of this month, and -then, being sent for by the Lord High Admiral's messenger to attend -his pleasure, I rode to London by land, where I stayed till the end -of December, and then returned again to my house at Chatham. - -The 6th day of January I received a letter from the Lord High -Admiral, together with the list of those ships that were appointed -to be made ready for the transportation of the Lady Elizabeth,[400] -with warrant to put them presently in hand to be graved and fitted -accordingly. - -The 11th day I was sent for from Chatham by a messenger, to -attend the Lord Admiral, lying then at Chelsea; which accordingly -I presently performed and rode to London, where I stayed full -three days, the Lord Admiral sitting every of those in council, -attended by the Principal Officers of the Navy, the Masters and -Master Shipwrights, to resolve not only for the preparation of the -fleet to attend the transportation, but also for preparing many -vessels, to be built upon long boats and barges, for ships and -galleys for a sea-fight to be presented before Whitehall against -the marriage of the Lady Elizabeth; the manner whereof concluded -and ordered in writing, I was licensed to go to Chatham, to take -order for the Disdain and sending up of as many long boats and sea -barges as could be spared from the Navy; which having ordered, I -returned again presently to London, and did there attend daily in -overseeing these businesses, which were put out by the great[401] -to divers yardkeepers,[402] by reason of the shortness of time -limited for making them ready against the marriage. By reason of -this my continual attendance, not only upon that service but also -upon the Admiral and Sir Robert Mansell (principally entrusted -for the ordering of the whole service), I first took a lodging at -Westminster, near Sir Robert's house, in St. Stephen's Alley,[403] -which I continued many years after. Amongst other vessels fitted for -this piece of service was an old pinnace of the King's called the -Spy, of the burden of 60 tons, having 9 pieces of brass ordnance, -appointed to serve as an Argosy, whereof I was (somewhat against my -will, by the Lord Admiral's persuasion) made to serve as a Captain, -in which jesting business I ran more danger than if it had been a sea -service in good earnest. - -After the sea fight was performed, I was entreated by divers -gentlemen of the Inns of Court, whereof Sir Francis Bacon was chief, -to attend the bringing of a mask by water in the night from St. Mary -Overy's[404] to Whitehall in some of the galleys, but, the tide -falling out very contrary, and the company attending the maskers very -unruly, the project could not be performed so exactly as was purposed -and expected, but yet they were safely landed at the Privy Stairs at -Whitehall; for which my pains the gentlemen gave me a fair recompense. - -The marriage consummate and these royalties ended, the Lord Admiral -gave me a present despatch to post to Chatham, to make all possible -haste for to make ready the fleet, the Prince being appointed to go -Admiral,[405] and to transport the Lady and the Palsgrave's[406] -person and the Lord Admiral to command her. So that upon the 21st day -of February I took my journey from London to Chatham, and about the -middle of the week ensuing I caused the Anne Royal and the Lion to be -brought on the ground and graved. - -On the 27th of this month I launched the small ship I had begun to -build the summer before, which the Lord Admiral was pleased to call -by the name of the Phœnix, and was also appointed to be one of [the] -Fleet for the transportation, being commanded by Sir Allen Apsley, -then Victualler of the Navy. - -The 5th and 6th days of March I careened the Prince, and might with -much ease have brought her keel above the water but that I received -a strict commandment from the Lord High Admiral that I should not -careen her but within six strakes[407] of the keel, to which purpose -Mr. Thomas Aylesbury,[408] then his Lordship's secretary, was sent -down to see me perform it. - -About the 14th of this month the Lord Admiral, very careful to have -all things ordered as befitted the royalty of such a service, came -down to Chatham in person, where he stayed two days to direct all -things according to his liking; wherein I gave his Lordship much -satisfaction, and by the end of this month I had by my care and -diligence fitted the whole Fleet to set sail to Gillingham. - -The 1st of April, being Maundy Thursday, the Prince set sail over the -chain,[409] Captain John King being master. The Lord Admiral, being -newly come to Chatham, came on board of us as we were under sail and -went down in her to Gillingham, coming to an anchor at St. Mary -Creek's mouth. His Lordship lay at Mr. Legatt's. - -On Easter day, being the 4th of April, the Lord Admiral with his -retinue received the holy sacrament in the parish church at Chatham. -Doctor Pay that was chaplain to the Lord William Howard, Baron of -Effingham and Vice Admiral in the Anne Royal, preached and delivered -the sacrament. - -On Easter Tuesday in the afternoon the Lord Admiral with all his -retinue removed from Chatham, and came on board their several charges -at St. Mary Creek at Gillingham, and lay on board in his own cabin -this night. So soon as prayers were done this evening and the tables -covered, the Lord Admiral, out of his noble favour to me, called me -unto him and there gave me special charge to take my place at his -own table all the voyage; and would not commonly have grace said -before his Lordship had seen me set down, except I had been upon some -earnest business, giving charge also to all his officers to let me -have any thing of his own provisions which I should send for at any -time. I lay in a settle bed on one side of the master's cabin. - -Wednesday being the 7th day, at quarter flood, being about eleven -of the clock, we set sail from Gillingham, the wind at south-west, -a pretty fresh gale: the ship wrought exceedingly well and was so -yare[410] of conduct, as a foot of the helm did steer her: we came to -an anchor at Queenborough a great while before high water, where we -rode all that night. - -The next day, being Thursday, the wind south-west and a very fair -gale, the Admiral had given order we should weigh betimes to get -out, and accordingly the Anne Royal, being Vice Admiral, in whom -Hugh Meritt served Master, was fitted and prepared for the purpose, -having one anchor on board by the time the ship was went up upon the -flood, and was ready with his other anchor on peak,[411] supposing -we had been so provident to have our ship in the like readiness; but -our master, willing to do his countryman a courtesy, that lay by our -side in a hoy with forty tons of beer of our provision to take in, -neglected the time so long, being not accustomed to command such -great ships, that it was more than half flood before we could get our -anchor on board; by reason whereof, the tide running very strong and -the wind hartening[412] in, it was almost high water before we were -fitted to set sail and our other anchor got up. The wind then having -power on our weather quarter, and the tide upon the lee bow, kept our -ship from flatting;[413] and in the setting of our sails, many seamen -being with us that were prime commanders and captains, attending the -Lord Admiral as his retinue, had every one their voice in commanding -and countermanding one another, that they bred a mere[414] confusion -and put the master clean besides almost his senses; so that in fine -the ship was put on ground at the top of high water, upon the tongue -of the spit of the sand going into Queenborough, where, do what we -could with all our wits and endeavours, she sat all the tide of -ebb and almost ebbed dry; which unfortunate accident gave not only -great discouragement to the Lord Admiral, to have such a chance -befall him, but also gave great advantage to the enemies of the -ship, of whom the Lord Northampton was chief, to persuade the Lady -Elizabeth not to venture her person in such a vessel that had so ill -a beginning, but rather to embark herself in some other and to return -her[415] home. - -When we saw we were so fast as there was not hope of getting the ship -off that tide, I desired liberty to sound the place where she sat, -which the Lord Admiral easily gave his consent to do. I then calling -into the boat with me some of the captains that were masters and -mariners, amongst which I chose Captain Robert Bradshaw and Captain -Geare for two principal, with others, and John Reynolds, then Master -Gunner of the ship, taking lead lines with us, we sounded both on -head, stern, and sides; and finding soft ground and little difference -in depth, we were satisfied that the ship could take no hurt if she -had strength sufficient to bear herself with so massy a weight as -she had in her of ordnance, victuals, and other things in hold, and -her masts and sails above head, with so much company, both of the -mariners belonging to the ship and the Lord Admiral's retinue, being -not so few in all as 800 persons; but God be thanked, the ship took -no harm at all; and we, having sounded the depth of the same furrow -she made in running on shore, we caused an anchor to be laid right -a-stern as her dock[416] directed us, and so with little difficulty -she was heaved afloat into the channel in the morning tide, to the -great satisfaction and content of[417] the Lord Admiral and general -joy of the whole company, for which we gave God thanks. - -The next days, being Friday and Saturday, we lay still to -prytly[418] the ship and take in such provisions as were wanting. - -The 11th day, being Sunday, we weighed and set sail, and anchored for -that night at The Spits[419]; next day we weighed and anchored short -of the Long Sand head[420]; next day we weighed and anchored middle -of the Channel[421]; next day anchored short of the North Foreland. - -The 15th day, being Thursday, we came to an anchor in Margate Road. - -The next day the Lord Admiral went on shore to Margate, where he lay -3 days at the house of Mr. Roger Morice, one of the 4 Masters of His -Majesty's Navy, and then returned on board. - -The 21st day, being Wednesday, [the] Lady Elizabeth's Grace [and] -the Palsgrave, with all their train, came to Margate; there were -embarked in barges and the ships' boats, and were received on board -the Admiral, where they lay all the night. - -The 22nd day, the wind being got easterly and likely to be foul -weather, her Highness, with the Palsgrave and most part of her train, -were again carried on shore to Margate and there landed. - -The 25th day, being Sunday, they were all again embarked in the -barges and boats and received on board the ships; presently we set -sail and that night anchored without the Foreland. - -The 26th day the wind shortened[422] upon us, so that we were -constrained to anchor in the midst of the Channel in 25 fathom, being -a windy, rainy, foul night. - -The 27th day, being Tuesday, was a very wet forenoon, but about 11 -of the clock whilst her Highness was at the sermon, it cleared up -and the wind veered southerly, so that we weighed, both having fair -weather and a fair wind; standing our course, quarter winds, a little -before we made the land we lost a man through his own wilfulness. -This evening we anchored under Blankenberghe[423] Sconce,[424] being -very fair weather. - -The 28th day we weighed about noon, and anchored thwart of -Sluis,[425] where came on board us with his yachts,[426] the Prince -of Orange, Grave[427] Maurice, with a great train of gallantry and -followers, who all lay this night on board the Admiral. - -The 29th day we weighed upon the flood and turned up to Flushing. -Some mile short of the town, her Highness, with the Palatine and most -part of her train, were embarked in the barges and boats, being very -fair weather, and was saluted with all the ordnance of the whole -fleet, and landed at Flushing, where they were received with all -royalty and saluted with all the ordnance of the town and castles -and guarded with the soldiers and garrison of the town; our ships -anchored a little above the Rammekens.[428] This afternoon I went on -shore to attend the Lord Admiral and lay in Flushing, our charges -being defrayed by the town. The 30th day, being Friday, the Count -Palatine took leave of her Highness and went post to the Palatinate. - -This afternoon I, with others of the Lord Admiral's retinue, took -coach to Middelburg and were lodged and billeted for our diet at the -English house with him. - -This forenoon, being May Day, divers of our retinue took a coach and -rode to Camphire[429] to see the Island; this afternoon her Highness -and her train were received into Middelburg with all royalty. - -The second day, being Sunday, the Burghers feasted her Highness at -the Town House; this evening the Lord Admiral brought me to take -leave of her Highness and to kiss her hand; the next day her Highness -took leave of the Lord Admiral and his train, having attended her -to the place where she was embarked; which done, the Lord Admiral -returned from Middelburg in his barge on board the Prince, where he -found such a multitude of people, men, women, and children, that came -from all places in Holland to see the ship, that we could scarce have -room to go up and down till very night, which confluence of people -lasted from the time we anchored at Flushing till we weighed thence. - -Fourth day; [the] Lord Admiral gave order we should weigh from -Flushing to avoid the trouble of people, which accordingly was done, -and we fell down to Cassant Point,[430] where we anchored all that -day and next night. - -The 6th day, in the morning, we weighed with the wind at -east-north-east, a fresh gale and very fair weather, and this evening -we anchored under the Gunfleet.[431] - -The 7th day, the wind continuing easterly, we weighed and set sail, -and by 12 of the clock we came to anchor at Gillingham, from whence -I attended the Lord Admiral in his barge to Chatham, where he lay -that night at Mr. Legatt's house. I found my wife and family all in -health, and gave God thanks for his preservation of us in our journey -and safe return home to our mutual comforts. - -Sir Robert Mansell lay at my house. On Saturday morning, being the -8th day, the Lord Admiral went from Chatham, on whom I attended to -Gravesend, and there taking leave returned back to my house [at] -Chatham. - -At Whitsuntide Sir Robert Mansell was committed to the -Marshalsea,[432] upon some displeasure[433] his Majesty took against -him by the instigation of the Lord Northampton, where he was detained -prisoner, till the 13th June following [he] was released at Greenwich. - -In the latter end of July I received commandment to take the charge -of new building the Defiance, being then in dry dock at Woolwich. Old -Mr. Baker having the charge of new building the Merhonor at the same -time in the same dock with her, upon which business I was entered the -second August. - -About the middle of August, old Mr. Baker sickened and, perceiving -his sickness was to death, was desirous to recommend the finishing of -the Merhonor to me, and to that end importuned me to ride to Windsor -to the Lord Admiral to signify his earnest suit to his Lordship in -that behalf; which was willingly condescended unto, and I had his -Lordship's warrant at the same time for it; he deceasing the last of -this month, and his funeral was solemnized at Deptford, the second of -September, where myself was present. - -About the midst of September, my good, faithful friend, Mr. Sebastian -Vicars, the carver, departed this life; and the 27th day of this -month my second son Henry departed this life at Chatham; and at the -very instant my noble, worthy friend, Sir Thomas Button, then Captain -Button, alighted at my house, newly being returned from the dangerous -voyage of the North-west Passage, where he had wintered. - -The 16th of October, I escaped a great danger by the fall of my horse -within one mile of Dartford, being riding to Chatham. - -The 28th of October, I was taken very sick, going by water from -Woolwich to Westminster to accompany the ordinary shipwrights and -other of Chatham to move the Lord Admiral about their pay, being -much behindhand. I was forced this night to lie at the King's Head -in Fish Street, whither I came from Westminster on foot, to have -prevented my sickness. The whole company having appointed to dine -there, most part of them waked with me all that night. The next -day, accompanied with my brother Peter, I took oars to Gravesend, -and from thence rode home, being taken with a fit upon Gad's Hill, -with much ado recovering my own house, presently taking my chamber, -and being dangerously sick; from whence I did not stir down stairs -till Christmas holidays after; which happened ill for my business at -Woolwich, where in my absence, through the careless neglect of the -foremen, the workmen made wonderful spoil and havoc. - -The next week after I took my sickness, and the news thereof, brought -to London, came to the ears of the Lord Admiral, who acquainted his -Majesty therewith; whereupon I received two several letters from the -Lord Admiral by post, and special commandment from his Majesty to -be certified the truth, and to let me know that, if I needed, some -of his own physicians should be sent unto me; which exceeding great -grace from his Majesty and expression of love from the Lord Admiral -was no small comfort unto me in my extremity. - -The end of this month my wife's cook-maid died in the house, and was -buried on New Year's Day. - -The seventh of January, I returned from Chatham to Woolwich with my -wife and some of my children and family; and because my lodgings at -the Dock were not fitted, I lay in the town at the house of a widow -woman called Mistress Spicke, for the space of a month, till the -lodgings in the King's Yard were prepared and made ready. - -The 14th of February, I began to victual all the shipwrights and -workmen employed upon the Merhonor and Defiance at Woolwich. - -The 28th of March it pleased God miraculously to preserve me from -loss of life by a fall on board the Honor, which was only from deck -to deck, by God's merciful providence very hardly escaping to fall -into the hold, which would have beat me all to pieces. - -The 14th of June, my honourable and implacable enemy, the Earl of -Northampton, departed this life at his house at Charing Cross. - -The 22nd of July, the King of Denmark came suddenly to Somerset House -unexpected. - -The first of August, my gracious master, King James, accompanied with -the King of Denmark, Prince of Wales, Lord Admiral, and many other -lords, came to Woolwich and went on board the Merhonor, then being in -dry dock and almost finished, which ship liked them wondrous well: -here our King took leave of his Majesty of Denmark and returned to -Whitehall. From hence the King of Denmark took barge to Gravesend, -being accompanied with the Prince and Lord Admiral; Sir Robert -Mansell and myself were commanded to attend them. - -The second of August, the King of Denmark was entertained on board -the Prince, riding at her moorings in the river of Chatham, the -Prince of Wales and the Lord Admiral of England accompanying him, Sir -Robert Mansell and myself attending. The ship was completely rigged -and all her sails at the yards, and richly adorned with ensigns and -pendants, all of silk, which gave very great content to the King of -Denmark; yet it was a very foul rainy day. From thence they returned -to Gravesend, where they took leave and the King of Denmark embarked -in his own ships. - -In the end of November, all the workmen that wrought upon the -Merhonor were discharged from Woolwich. - -The 6th of March,[434] the Merhonor and Defiance were both launched -out of the dry dock at Woolwich in one tide, and the 25th day of -April following they set sail from Woolwich, and the next day came to -their moorings at Chatham. - -In May the dock at Woolwich was prepared for the receiving in of the -Elizabeth Jonas and the Triumph, who were appointed to be new built; -which ships were accordingly brought from Chatham, and were both -brought into the dock, the first and second days of June, and the -gates shut again and the ships shored. - -The 25th of July, the Lord's Grace of Canterbury lay at Rochester, -and went on board the Prince, riding at her moorings, where he was -entertained with a banquet of sweetmeats by Sir Robert Mansell, -myself attending there. - -The 29th of August, I removed from Woolwich to Chatham with my wife -and family, and the next day after my wife sickened of a surfeit, -eating too many grapes, which had like to have cost her her life. - -The 9th of October, my wife was delivered of her 7th child, being -a son, between the hours of 10 and 11 [o']clock at night: the 22nd -day after he was baptized at Chatham Church and called by mine own -name, Phineas; the witnesses were Mr. Robert Yardley and Mr. King, -godfathers, and my sister Simonson, the godmother. - -About the 27th day of March I bargained with Sir Walter Ralegh[435] -for to build him a ship of 500 tons, which I procured leave for from -the Lord Admiral, to build her in the galley dock in his Majesty's -Yard at Woolwich, towards which I presently received 500_l._ to begin -withal, and the 8th day of April following I began to set men on work -upon her. - -The 8th day of April, I bought a piece of ground of one Christopher -Collier, lying in a place called the Brook at Chatham, for which I -paid him 35_l._ ready moneys. - -The 18th day of April, I was elected and sworn Master of the -Corporation of Shipwrights at our common hall and meeting place at -Redriff. - -The 13th day of May, I bought the rest of the land at the Brook, -of John Griffin and Robert Griffin, brothers, and a lease of their -sister, belonging to the College of Rochester. - -The 22nd of May, I removed my wife and some of my family from Chatham -to Woolwich. - -In July Sir Henry Mainwaring caused me to build a small pinnace of -40 tons for the Lord Zouch, being then Lord Warden of the Cinque -Ports, which pinnace was launched the 2nd of August and presently -rigged and fitted, all at my charge; and the 6th day we set sail with -her from Woolwich accompanied with Sir Walter Ralegh and his sons, -Sir Henry Mainwaring, Mr. Christopher Hamon,[436] cousin William -Hawkridge,[437] myself, son, and divers others. The first tide we -anchored [at] Gravesend; next night at the North Foreland; next -tide in the Downs, where we landed and rode to Dover Castle in the -Lord Warden's coach, sent purposely for us, leaving the pinnace to -be brought in to Dover Pier with the pilot and mariners. We stayed -at Dover till the 16th of August and then took leave of the Lord -Warden, and came to Woolwich the 17th day at night. - -Towards the whole of the hull of the pinnace and all her rigging -and furniture I received only 100_l._ from the Lord Zouch, the rest -Sir Henry Mainwaring cunningly received in my behalf, without my -knowledge, which I could never get from him but by piece-meal, so -that by the bargain I was loser 100_l._ at least. - -The 3rd day [of] December following, died my brother Cooper at -Chatham. The 16th of December I launched the great ship of Sir -Walter Ralegh's called the Destiny, and had much ado to get her into -the water, but I delivered her to him on float in good order and -fashion; by which business I lost 700_l._ and could never get any -recompense at all for it, Sir Walter Ralegh going to sea and leaving -me unsatisfied. - -This year of 1617 proved a very fatal and troublesome year unto me. -The 14th day of March I removed my wife and family from Woolwich to -my house at Chatham, she being so big with child that I was forced -to carry her by coach, and that very leisurely for that she was with -child with two twins. The 20th of this month my wife's own father -died at his house at Highwood Hill. - -The 15th day of April my wife was safely delivered of two daughters -at 12 of the clock at night: they were both baptized in Chatham -Church the 22nd day in the afternoon, being Tuesday; the eldest named -Mary; the other Martha. - -About the midst of May, I was sent for by the Lord Treasurer, then -Earl of Suffolk, and Sir Fulke Greville, then Chancellor of the -Exchequer, and by them employed in a most troublesome business into -the New Forest in Hampshire, where one Sir Giles Mompesson[438] had -made a vast waste in the spoil of his Majesty's timber, to redress -which I was employed thither to make choice, out of the number of -trees he had felled, of all such timber as was useful for shipping; -in which business I spent a great deal of time, and brought myself -into a great deal of trouble. - -The 6th of November my daughter Mary, the eldest of the twins, -departed this life at Chatham, and was buried 2 days after at Chatham. - -The 8th day of December my young son Phineas departed this life after -he had lived 2 years 2 months and odd days,[439] and was buried at -Chatham. - -My dear loving wife sickened at Chatham the 29th day of December, and -hardly escaped with life, yet it pleased God she did recover. - -The last of this month my brother Simonson made himself away in the -garret of his own house at Ratcliff, to the utter undoing of his poor -wife and children. - -In the month of June[440] there was a commission granted by his -Majesty to certain Commissioners for the reformation of the abuses in -his Majesty's Navy, the names of which Commissioners were Sir Lionel -Cranfield,[441] Sir Thomas Smith,[442] Sir Richard Weston,[443] Sir -Francis Gofton,[444] Sir Richard Sutton,[445] Mr. John Coke,[446] -Mr. Pitt[447] of the Exchequer, Sir John Osborne, Sir John -Wolstenholme,[448] Mr. Burrell, and Captain Thomas Norreys. - -The 6th day of July these Commissioners came to Chatham in great -state, having called to assist them divers masters of the Trinity -House and divers shipwrights of the river of Thames, where, -commanding also the masters and master shipwrights of his Majesty's -Navy, they went on board the Prince and there publicly caused their -Commission to be read, the Officers of the Navy being present; which -done they proceeded to give order for a general survey of all the -ships in the Navy, with all their furniture, and all other things -belonging unto them; in the which was spent a great deal of time, -for they returned not to London till the 16th day of the month -after. Myself was commanded in particular from his Majesty to give -them the best assistance I could, which accordingly I did with all -diligence and carefulness; which proved afterwards to the ruin and -undoing to me and all mine, the whole bent of Mr. Burrell tending -only to overthrow me and root my name out of the earth, by his means -procuring most part of the Commissioners to join with him in his -malicious practice; so that from the time that he was settled, I -was sequestered from meddling with any business, and all employments -and privileges taken from me, Captain Norreys being brought over me, -and I forced to live as a slave under them the whole of the time of -their Commission, undergoing many disgraces and contempts which I -could not possibly have undergone had not the Lord been exceedingly -merciful unto me in giving me patience to submit myself to his will -and pleasure. - -The whole year of '18, '19 and part of '20, I attended altogether at -Chatham, being employed upon the making of the new dock and other -businesses under the command of the Commissioners; the reward of my -extraordinary pains was recompensed with no other reward than base -usage and continual counsels and plats to ruin me, wherein they -obtained the sum of their desires to the utter undoing of me and -mine; Mr. Burrell and Norreys my greatest enemies. - -The 24th of January in this present year my wife was delivered of a -young son at Chatham, who was, the 3rd day of the next month, being -Sunday, baptized in Chatham Church by Mr. Pyham; his name called -Phineas. The witnesses were my wife's sister Russell and niece -Hawkridge, godmothers, my nephews Peter and William Pett, godfathers. - -The 19th day of this present month of July in the year 1619, the -great Duke of Buckingham, lately made the Lord Admiral of England, -came to visit the Navy then riding at Chatham, being accompanied with -divers lords and Sir Robert Mansell; who in his being here used me -with such extraordinary public respect that wrought me much prejudice -in the opinion of the Commissioners, who ever after plotted to ruin -me and to bring me out of favour both with the Lord Admiral and the -King himself. - -The 20th day of November, attending at Theobalds to deliver his -Majesty a petition, his Majesty in his princely care of me, by the -means of the honourable Lord High Admiral, had before my coming -bestowed on me for supply of my present relief the making of a knight -baronet,[449] which I afterwards passed under the broad seal of -England for one Francis Radclyffe[450] of Northumberland, a great -recusant,[451] for which I was to have 700_l._, but by reason that -Sir Arnold Herbert[452] (that brought him to me) played not fair play -with me, I lost some 50_l._ of my bargain. - -About this time the Commissioners of the Navy had finished two new -ships built by Mr. Burrell at Deptford in his Majesty's Dockyard, and -had procured the King's Majesty to come thither and see them, and -named[453] the one the Happy Entrance, and the other the Reformation. - -The 14th day of May in the year 1620, my wife was delivered of her -eleventh child, being the last she had, being a son born at my -house in Chatham. The 25th day after, it was baptized and called -Christopher. Sir Christopher Cleve[454] and his brother-in-law, Mr. -Samuel Heyward, being godfathers, and my good neighbour, Mistress -Legatt, godmother. - -The 12th day of June this present year, Sir Robert Mansell being -ordained Lord General of the Fleet for the expedition against the -Pirates of Algiers, by his great importunity with his Majesty I was -commanded to go in hand with building two new pinnaces for that -voyage, whereof the one was to be of burden 120 tons, and the other, -80 tons; for which I did contract with certain merchants of the -city that were appointed Committees for that business, whereof Sir -Thomas Smith, Mr. Burrell, and divers others of my great enemies -were of the quorum; but I, upon some hopes of thanks and reward, -enlarged them to a greater proportion than my contract, making the -one wherein I was myself to serve as Captain in the voyage, of 300 -tons, called the Mercury, and the other, called the Spy, of 200 tons, -wherein Captain Edward Giles served; and for that I exceeded the -contract, the unconscionable merchants and Committees cast upon me -all the whole surplusage[455] of the charge, to the value of 700_l._, -notwithstanding I was forced to hasten the business and to keep -extraordinary numbers of workmen at great rates, and in a place where -the provision and materials were nightly stolen and embezzled to my -utter undoing; whereof I never could obtain any recompense, though to -my great expense and charge I made means both to his Majesty and the -Lords of the Council, and had warrant against the Committees, but was -continually overborn by their greatness and malice. - -The 16th and 18th days of October, both the pinnaces were launched -at Ratcliff, where they were built, and all expedition was used to -rig and make them ready to set sail; I preparing myself, to my great -charge, to proceed in the voyage and to get the ships to Erith, -because of ice in the river, where we rode till we were cleared -thence by the Committees, which was about the 22nd of December; at -what time Mr. Puniett the pilot came on board me to carry me into the -Downs, and Sir John Ferne,[456] that went passenger with me to the -Fleet; my wife also came then on board of me. - -The 27th day of December, we weighed and turned down from Erith into -Tilbury Hope, where we rode till the 29th day, and then weighed, and -anchored at the buoy of the Oaze Edge.[457] - -The 30th day of December, I parted with my wife and sent her to -Gravesend in a light horseman that came to the ship with some -provisions. - -We set sail from the buoy of the Red Sand[458] the first of January, -being New Year's Day, and anchored in the Gore, where we rode one -day, and thence into the Downs, where we landed our pilot. - -We rode in the Downs till the 13th day, and then set sail and were -put into the Needles, and anchored at the Cowes two days; then set -sail, and the 4th of February we made the South Cape.[459] The 8th -day we entered into the Straits of Gibraltar,[460] and the 8th day at -night came to an anchor in Malaga Road. - -The 19th day of September, 1621, we arrived in the Downs, and the -20th day at night, I came safe to my house at Chatham, finding my -wife and children all in good health, for which mercy of God I gave -God thanks, as did also my whole family. - -All the year 1622 I did nothing but follow the Court with petitions, -to my infinite charge and trouble, and all to little purpose, for -I could never prevail against my adversaries, who detained all my -entertainment for the Algiers voyage, both for myself, son, and -servants; which cost me 300_l._ setting out, and the expense of the -voyage. - -I must not forget that in the beginning of the year 1621, before I -was two months out of England, [through] the malice of Mr. Burrell -and some of the rest of the Commissioners for the Navy, that there -were divers master shipwrights of the river of Thames and some -masters of the Trinity House sent down to Chatham to survey the -state of the Prince;[461] amongst which Commissioners was, beside -old Burrell and his son, my fellow,[462] Stevens, Graves,[463] -Dearslye,[464] Bourne,[465] Thomas Brunning of Woodbridge, and -one Chandler,[466] a creature of Mr. Burrell's, and divers -other mariners, who maliciously certified the ship to be merely -unserviceable and not fit to be continued, and what charge soever -should be bestowed upon her would be lost, which they certified under -their hands. But the 24th of February succeeding, by special command -from his Majesty, who well understood their malicious proceedings, -the selfsame surveyors were again sent to Chatham and under their -hands certified that the ship might be made serviceable for a voyage -into Spain with the charge of 300 pounds,[467] to be bestowed upon -her hull and the perfecting her masts, which certificate was returned -under their hands and delivered to his Majesty. Whereupon present -warrant was granted to have the ship docked and fitted for a Spanish -voyage; which was accordingly done, and brought into the dock the 8th -of March, 1623, at Chatham, and was launched the 24th day of the same -month. - -About the 17th of this month of February, I attended at Theobalds -the very morning that the Prince's Highness and the Lord Duke of -Buckingham took leave of the King to take their journey for Spain, -being carried so privately that few knew of their intent. At their -taking horse I kissed both their hands and they only gave me an -item[468] that I should shortly come to sea in the Prince. - -After the Prince and the rest of the Fleet were all fitted and -prepared to set sail from their moorings, the St. George fell down to -Gillingham with the Antelope, being both appointed to go before to -Santander with the jewels and other provisions. The noble gentleman, -my honoured friend, Sir Francis Steward,[469] commanding in her, whom -my eldest son, John Pett, attended as one of his retinue in that -journey, and Captain Thomas Love[470] commanded in the Antelope. - -The 2nd of May being on a Friday, the Prince removed from her -moorings to St. Mary Creek, where she anchored. Thither came down -from London many of the Commissioners of the Navy, with Sir Thomas -Smith and the Lord Brooke,[471] who all plotted together to have -hindered me from going the voyage which the King had commanded me -unto, but their malicious practices were prevented and their purposes -frustrated. - -The 17th day of May I took leave of his Majesty in the park at -Greenwich and kissed his hand, with many expressions of his favour, -which was not very pleasing to Sir John Coke, then there present. - -The 20th of May, the Prince set sail from St. Mary Creek and anchored -at Queenborough; the 21st day we set sail from Queenborough and -anchored at Whitaker;[472] 23rd day anchored [at the] Gunfleet; -24th day anchored short [of the] North Foreland; 25th day we came -and anchored in the Downs, where we rode till the 28th day of June, -having three several times proffered to go on, but were still put -room[473] again; but the 28th day, being Saturday, we weighed and -got as high as Fairlight,[474] where we anchored all the flood and -so plyed to windward all the ebbs, being fair weather. On Tuesday -after, being the first of July, we came to anchor in Stokes Bay by -Portsmouth. The 20th day of August, his Majesty, then lying in the -New Forest at Beaulieu[475] House, embarked himself and train and -came on board the Prince, then riding in Stokes Bay, accompanied with -Marquis Hamilton,[476] the Lord Chamberlain,[477] Holderness,[478] -Kellie,[479] Carlisle,[480] Montgomery,[481] and divers other -attendants, who all dined on board the Prince; our Admiral, the Earl -of Rutland,[482] being absent at London. His Majesty was very well -pleased, and after dinner, again embarking in the barge, lay hovering -in the midst of the Fleet till all the ships had discharged their -great ordnance, and then returned on shore at Calshot Castle. - -In the interim of our stay in Stokes Bay I procured leave of the -Admiral to go to London, and the 2nd day of August, being Saturday, I -met my wife at Lambeth with my son Richard. There we lay that night, -and the next day took oars to Kingston, where we lay till Tuesday -following, on which day I went to Hampton Court to take leave of my -honoured lord and good master, the Earl of Nottingham, who then lay -there in his old lodgings, which was the last time I ever saw him, -being the fifth of August. The next day I took leave of my wife and -friends at Kingston; she returned home, and myself to Portsmouth on -board the Prince again. - -The 24th day of August, being Sunday and Bartholomew's day, we set -sail out of Stokes Bay in the afternoon; the 25th day, the wind -taking us short[483] put us into the grass[484] at Weymouth, where -we rode till the 26th at night; and thence setting sail with the -wind easterly, on the 28th day, being Thursday, we came to anchor in -Plymouth Sound. - -The 2nd day of September, being Tuesday, in the morning betimes -we set out of Plymouth Sound, and by contrary winds we beat it up -till, the 9th day following, being Tuesday, we made the Cape of -Ortegal[485] bearing south-west of us. The 10th day we lay becalmed, -and the 11th day about 2 of the clock in the forenoon we came to an -anchor in the river of Santander. - -The 12th day, it pleased God, the Prince and all his train came to -Santander and presently took his barge, being there ready attending -for him, and came on board the Prince, accompanied with all the -Spaniards that attended him thither, where we all joyfully received -him. After some stay on board, his Highness resolving to lie at -Santander Town that night, where provision was made to entertain him -and his train, he took his barge to go back; whereinto we, being -overjoyed with his safe arrival, forgot to send either master, pilot, -or mariner to conduct him to the town, being a dangerous rocky way, -and the tide of ebb bent,[486] which runneth there with a very swift -stream; which had likely to have proved a very dangerous accident, -for that at the instant of embarking there arose a very great tempest -of rain and wind and darkness withal, so that the barge could not -possibly row ahead[487] the tide, whereby she was in great danger to -have been driven to sea out of the harbour's mouth, to the utter loss -of all in her, had not God in mercy prevented it by the vigilant care -of the captain and officers of the Defiance, Sir Sackvill Trevor[488] -being the commander,[489] who seeing the danger they were in, veered -out casks and buoys with lights fastened unto them, by small warps, -of which they taking hold, were rowed and haled on board the ship, -where the Prince with all his train were entertained and lodged all -this night, the weather proving so stormy and rainy that no provision -from any other ship could be brought unto them. - -The 13th day, being Saturday, the Prince came on board his own ship -and lodged in his own cabin. - -The 14th day, being Sunday, the Prince feasted all the Spaniards -that accompanied him to the waterside, the Cardinal Zapata and his -brother, who was a grandee, being the chief, with Gondomar[490] and -divers others of the King of Spain's servants; whom he feasted with -no other provisions than such as we brought out of England with us: -stalled oxen, fatted sheep, venison and all kind of fowls and other -varieties in abundance, wanting no ordnance to welcome them withal, -loudly speaking every health; but it was a very foul rainy day. -Notwithstanding, at their going from the ship all the ordnance was -discharged in our ship, all the rest of the Fleet following in order -as they passed by to the town of Santander. - -The Rainbow, wherein Sir Henry Palmer commanded as captain, and John -King, one of the four Masters, being master, by neglect of following -the Admiral, could not get within the river's mouth, but was forced -to leeward, where she rode three days and nights in such extremity -as every hour it was expected when she should drive upon the shore, -which she hardly escaped by God's great mercy, and upon the Tuesday -after, came safely off and anchored under the Prince's stern. - -On Thursday, being the 18th day of September, we set sail out of -Santander River, the wind somewhat southerly, from whence we beat it -to and fro with contrary winds till the 26th day after, being Friday, -at which time a little before noon we had sight of Scilly, which bore -north-east of us, about some 8 leagues off. - -This day we met 4 Dunkirk men-of-war, very well fitted, chased by -Holland men-of-war, whom the Prince caused to come to leeward, and -their commanders to come on board; whom his Highness laboured to have -accepted a peaceable course, which the Hollanders durst not accept, -whereupon they were dismissed, the Dunkirkers having liberty to have -the start of the Hollanders, which many disliked. - -Saturday all day we plied to and fro, and got within some four -leagues of the Islands, the wind at north-east but fair weather. - -On Sunday a Council of War was summoned, wherein was principally -propounded his Highness landing upon the Island of Scilly[491] in -the ketch, some pilots of the island being come off unto us, but -it was generally protested against under all the Council's hands, -and so were dismissed to their charges; but after supper, beyond -expectation, order was given to make ready the long boat and to call -the ketch, and the Prince made choice of all the company should -accompany him on shore, and so about one of the clock after midnight, -with great danger to his Highness' person and to the Lord Duke of -Buckingham, they were put into our long boat, which was veered astern -by a long warp, where the ketch, laying the long boat on board, and -the sea going somewhat high, they entered the ketch disorderly, -without regard to any, but everyone shifting for themselves. Being -all shipped, the ketch was so over burdened as she could make but -little way, so that after we had taken farewell with the discharge of -a volley of our great ordnance we tacked into the sea and left the -ketch to ply into the island, which she safely gained by 7 of the -morning, and had landed the Prince and all his company on St. Mary's -Island. - -The next morning our Admiral advised with me what course we should -take with ourselves, for the Prince had commanded Sir Henry -Mainwaring, who was Captain under the Admiral, and Mr. Walter -Whiting, the Master of the ship, to attend him in the ketch, I being -left purposely to supply both their places in their absence. After -serious consultation with the master's mates and two pilots of -the island, who all assured us we might safely go in, the Admiral -resolved on that course, and after two or three boards we laid it in -quarter winds,[492] and came to an anchor in the best of the road -about 2 of the clock afternoon; the Prince and all his train standing -upon the lower point of land, and welcomed us in as we passed close -by with much expression of joy and heaving up their hats. The Prince -and his train lay in the Castle[493] four nights. - -On Friday morning, being the 3rd of October, we set sail out of -Scilly, and on Sunday following, being the 5th day, we came into St. -Helen's and anchored on Nomans Land,[494] and shipped the Prince and -his train into our long boat and other ships' boats, who were safely -landed at Portsmouth about 11 of the clock; we taking our farewell -with discharge of all our great ordnance, seconded by all the Fleet, -with general thanksgiving to God for our safe arrival, to the joy and -comfort of all true hearted subjects. - -The 14th day of October, we set sail from St. Helen's Point, being -Tuesday. The 16th day after, being Thursday morning, we came to an -anchor in Dover Road, where, having leave of the Admiral, I went -into a fisher boat, and taking in my son John out of the St. George, -wherein he had served the whole voyage under Sir Thomas Steward, -we landed at Dover, from whence we took horse to Chatham, where we -alighted at my house about 4 of the clock in the evening, finding -my wife and family in good health; for which great mercies in our -preservation in the whole journey and safe return we all gave thanks -to our good God. - -The 24th of May, 1624, being sent for to St. James's, I there -received from Sir Robert Carr,[495] by the Prince's Highness' order, -a gold chain of the value of 104_l._ in way of reward for my -attendance in the voyage into Spain in bringing his Highness home, -which chain I was commanded to wear one day, and to wait upon the -Prince to the Parliament, which I accordingly did and received very -gracious respect from his Highness. - -About this time I was joined Commissioner with Captain Love, Captain -Edward Giles, and Mr. John Reynolds, the Master Gunner of England, to -take up divers colliers, and to put them out to sundry shipwrights -to be fitted for men-of-war, for which service I never received -allowance. - -In the beginning of October this present year, happened a wonderful -great storm, through which many ships perished, especially in the -Downs, amongst which was riding there the Antelope of his Majesty, -being bound for Ireland under the command of Sir Thomas Button, my -son John being then passenger in her. A merchant ship, being put -from her anchors, came foul of her, and put her also from all her -anchors, by means whereof she drove upon the Brakes,[496] where she -beat off her rudder and much of the run[497] abaft, miraculously -escaping utter loss of all, for that the merchant ship that came foul -of her,[498] called the Dolphin, hard by her utterly perished both -ship and all the company. Yet it pleased God to save her, and got off -into the Downs, having cut all her masts by the board, and with much -labour was kept from foundering. My son John was sent post from the -ship to Sir Thomas Button, who was presently sent by the Lord Admiral -on board, and brought warrant for me to attend him to the ship, to -use the best means we could to save her. After our coming on board, -by placing chain pumps into the steward's room, we kept the water -easily under, and then fitted a rudder and jury masts, by which means -she was safely brought to Deptford Dock and her defects perfected. - -About the end of December this present year, the Prince was -docked, to be prepared and fitted to sea, meanwhile the Duke of -Brunswick[499] came to Chatham accompanied with divers of the -Prince's servants, and went on board the ship in the dock. - -The 29th day of January after, the Prince was launched, and soon -after had her masts set; and divers other ships graved and made ready -for a voyage to sea. - -The 28th of March 1625, certain news was brought to Chatham of King -James' death; and the next day after, his Majesty was proclaimed -amongst us in the Navy at the Hill House;[500] the Masters, -Boatswains, Gunners, Pursers, and all belonging to the Navy were -present. - -All April and May I attended at Chatham, to prepare the Fleet that -was then bound to fetch over the Queen. In the latter end of May -his Majesty came to Rochester, where I presented myself unto him in -the Dean's Yard and kissed his hand and had speech with him, till -he came into the house, where he dined and I attended him all the -dinner while. Thence I hasted home, and waited his Majesty's coming -by towards Canterbury, who alighted at my house and stayed there -awhile and gave me leave to drink his health, and then returned to -his coach, giving me charge to follow him and to hasten on board -the Prince, being then in the Downs. According to his command, I -presently took horse and followed him, and lay at Sandwich that -night, and next day came into the Downs; went on board to the -Vanguard, commanded by Captain Pennington, bound for France, where -I met Sir Thomas Button, Captain Ned Giles, and other good company; -there dined, and after was set on board the Prince. - -Saturday the 4th of June, his Majesty came on board the Prince, -riding then in Dover Road, where he dined and was safely landed -again. Yet this evening we let slip and went room[501] for the Downs -with very foul weather. - -Thursday the 9th of June, we got over to Boulogne[502] and anchored -in Boulogne Road. The 10th day we had a great storm, the wind -north-west, where all our ships drove,[503] and we brake our best -bower and were forced to let fall our sheet anchor, which put us both -to great danger and puzzle[504] of loss of men and boats, and had -also one of our men belonging to the steward-room drowned. - -Sunday morning, being the 12th day, all things prepared fit and -the great storm allayed, about 11 of the clock we received our -young Queen on board, and having a fair leading gale, fitting the -entertainment of a Queen, we set sail out of Boulogne Road about one -[of the] clock, and before 8 had safely landed her and her train at -Dover. - -Monday morning I left the ship and went on shore at Dover, and -missing my horses was forced to go to Sandwich, where I lay all -night, and next day hired post horse home. The boatswain of the ship, -John Handcroft, died so soon as I was landed upon the beach. - -The 14th day of July 1625, my eldest son John Pett was married to -Catherine Yardley, youngest daughter to Mr. Robert Yardley, of -Chatham, deceased. The wedding was kept at our own house. - -The 24th of September my wife's mother sickened at my house [at] -Chatham, and the 4th of October she died, and the 6th day, being -Thursday, she was buried in the chancel of our parish church: Mr. -Pyham[505] made her funeral sermon. - -The last part of this Christmas quarter, I was posted to and again -from Chatham to London and Hampton Court, about building of small -ships and presenting plats[506] of them, both to the King and -Commissioners of the Navy, to very little purpose and my great -trouble and charge. - - * * * * * - -My son Joseph died in Ireland in February this year.[507] - - * * * * * - -In the year '26 I was called to sundry employments, the one to have -built a new ship at Chatham of 300 tons, and Mr. Burrell was to have -built another, for which I made moulds and sent them into the woods -by one Thomas Williams, shipwright, who hewed the frame in the woods, -which was brought into the yard with an excellent provision of long -straight timber; but by the malice of Mr. Burrell the business was -hindered, and not suffered to go forward, so that the frame was kept -in the yard till it was good for no use of shipping; but afterward -I was employed to build two small pinnaces of 70 tons a piece or -thereabouts, which I performed accordingly at Chatham, my son Richard -being my principal foreman. They were called, the one the Henrietta, -the other Maria, after the Queen's name. - -Also, the Commissioners of the Navy growing to be called in question -for their actions, in the latter end of this year,[508] there was -a great commission of Lords and divers other experienced captains -granted under the Broad Seal[509] for inquiry of their actions, -amongst which number I was chosen one: much doing was about it, but -in the end it trenched so far upon some great personages, that it was -let fall and nothing to any purpose done in it, but divers of the -Commissioners came to Chatham, and surveyed the state of the ships -and other things; and so in the end of January following returned all -to London. - -The 14th of February, being Wednesday and St. Valentine's Day, my -dear wife Ann departed this life in the morning, and was buried the -Friday after in Chatham Church in the evening, leaving behind her -a disconsolate husband and sad family. Not long after, I being at -London, my only sister then living, Mary Cooper, departed this life -the fifth of March for very grief of the loss of my dear wife. - -This summer, my son John was made captain of a merchant ship, and -served under Sir Sackvill Trevor's command at the taking of the -French prize called the St. Esprit.[510] - -In July, I was contracted to my second wife Mistress Susan Yardley, -the widow of Mr. Robert Yardley, whose daughter my son John had -formerly married. The 16th of the same month we were married at St. -Margaret's Church, by Mr. Franklyn; Mr. George Wilson[511] gave her -in the church. - -The 20th of February, 1627,[512] the Commissioners of the Navy -were summoned before the Lords, and their commission called in -and dissolved, and the government of the Navy conferred upon the -Principal Officers then being, to be carried as in former times. - -The 26th of February, attending the Officers of the Navy at Sir -Sackville Crowe's[513] house by Charing Cross, Sir[514] John -Pennington came thither to acquaint them with a warrant from the -Lord Duke, directed to him and myself, for present bargaining with -the yard-keepers[515] of the river for the building of 10 small -vessels[516] for the enterprise of Rochelle, of some 120 tons -a-piece, with one deck and quarter only, to row as well as sail. -The 28th day of the same month we concluded our bargains with the -several yardkeepers and drew covenants between us, and delivered -them imprests[517] accordingly. In this business I was employed till -the latter end of July, that the ships set sail to Portsmouth. My -son John was placed Captain in the sixth Whelp, built by my kinsman -Peter Pett; having liberty from the Lord Duke to make choice for him -amongst them all, I chose that pinnace before the rest, supposing she -would have proved best, which fell out afterward clean contrary. - -The 21st of this month of July, as I was going in London to attend -the meeting of the Officers of the Navy, I was arrested at the -suit of one Freeman, upon 3 executions for timber delivered to the -building of Sir Walter Ralegh's ship and the two pinnaces built at -Ratcliff[518] for the expedition of Algier, and was forcibly carried -to prison to the Counter[519] in the Poultry, where I was lodged -all night. The next morning, the King and the Lord Duke being made -acquainted by Sir John Pennington with the business, the Lords of -the Council were twice assembled about my clearing, and the care -recommended to the Lord Treasurer Weston, who employed his secretary, -Mr. John Gibbons, to see me freed, which was done by a habeas corpus -to remove me to the Fleet,[520] where I was carried and there put in -bond for my appearance the first day of Michaelmas term; so for that -time discharged, Mr. Gibbons defraying the whole charge. A little -before this his Majesty gave me a blank for making a baronet, which -was signed by his hand. - -I received warrant from the Lord Duke to go to Portsmouth, there to -attend the setting out of the Fleet; which accordingly I did, taking -my journey from Lambeth the first of August, accompanied with my son -Richard, William Dalton, and some other shipwrights. When I came to -Portsmouth, by means of some friends I procured a convenient lodging -in a private house, where I lay all the time of my being there, in -which I saw many passages and the great disaster happening unto the -Lord Duke. After the mutiny upon the Green on Friday in the evening, -about the execution of a poor seaman that was hanged upon a gibbet -on the beach, and the next day, being Saturday and the 23rd day, -about 10 of the clock, the Duke was murdered in Captain Mason's[521] -house by a private[522] discontented lieutenant called Felton, being -stabbed with a knife to the heart as he was talking with Sir Thomas -(_left blank in MS._)[523] at the parlour door. - -The 4th of September, my son John took leave of me in the evening and -went on board his ship; whom I never saw after, being unfortunately -cast away in the return from Rochelle; both ship and men perishing -in the sea, as it was supposed foundered in the storm, which was a -grievous affliction to myself, my wife [and] his own wife, left great -with child at his going to sea. - -The 6th September, the service concluded and all the Fleet sent away, -I left Portsmouth accompanied with son Richard and returned for -Chatham, coming thither on Monday the 8th day, finding my wife and -family in good health, praising God for our comfortable meeting. - -After divers passages and journeys from Chatham to London and -Hampton Court, to my great expense, and could conclude nothing for -clearing my arrest, I was forced, for saving harmless my sureties in -the Fleet,[524] to deliver myself a prisoner the first day of the -term, going thither in the evening, taking possession of the chamber -provided for me with a heavy heart, my son Richard accompanying me. -Afterward, being advised by my worthy friend, Captain Pennington, -who never forsook me in all my troubles, but furnished my wants -continually, way was made to acquaint his Majesty with my case; who -very graciously gave order to the Lord Treasurer to see me freed from -prison, where I continued, notwithstanding, six or seven days before -I could be released and an agreement concluded with Freeman for his -debt by the Lord Treasurer; which done, I presented myself to his -Majesty who used me very graciously. - -In this interim I received certain intelligence of the great loss -of my son John, his ship, and all his company, who foundered in the -sea about the Seames,[525] in a great storm about the beginning of -November; not one man saved to bring the doleful news; no ship near -them to deliver the certainty, but a small pink belonging to the -Fleet, that was within ken of her, and saw her shoot 9 pieces of -ordnance, hoping of succour. This affliction was the greater for -that his dear wife was, much about the time of her husband's loss, -delivered of a son at my house at Chatham, having a mournful time of -lying in, which son was baptized at Chatham Church on Sunday the 23rd -day, afternoon, called Phineas. The witnesses:--my wife, godmother; -myself and good friend, Mr. George Wilson, being godfathers. - -Towards the end of December, I was appointed by the Officers of the -Navy to take charge of docking the Vanguard at Woolwich, which I -presently took order in, to have the dock fitted and prepared for -that purpose. - -I docked the Vanguard and caused a dam to be made without the gates; -then took down the gates and wharves within the dam, and made all -new, both floor, wharves and gates; which was finished in a short -time. About this time, riding from Woolwich to Greenwich, sent for -by Captain Pennington, mid way betwixt both, the horse gave me a -dangerous fall, close by a ditch side full of water; by which I -received a great hurt upon my right leg and thigh, which was sore -bruised by the fall, in so much as I had much ado to get back again, -and was not recovered of the hurt in six weeks time, but was forced -to use crutches. - -About the beginning of June, by Captain Pennington's procurement -I passed the baronet given me formerly by the King, for which the -Captain received for me 200 pounds, which he sent me to Woolwich in -gold. - -About this time I gave over my house at Chatham and surrendered the -lease thereof to Mr. Isackson,[526] the painter, who renewed it for -longer time with Sir Robert Jackson, then Lord of the Manor. - -Towards the end of September, I was employed by the Lord Treasurer -Weston as a Commissioner for his Majesty to the forests of Shotover -and Stowood, near Oxford, which forests were granted from his Majesty -by letters patent to the Earl of Lindsey;[527] wherein I discharged -my duty so effectually as gained me a good opinion both from his -Majesty and the Lord Treasurer; from which employment I returned -to Woolwich the 8th day of November, having finished a tedious and -troublesome business. - -The 27th day of November, it pleased God to take from me my dear -beloved son Richard, who died with me at Woolwich and was buried in -the church chancel next day after; being a great affliction unto me, -by reason he was my eldest son then living, being a very hopeful -young man, and for his years an excellent artist, being trained by me -to that purpose for making of ships. - -A little after Christmas, I was employed as a Commissioner with Mr. -Treswell,[528] Surveyor of his Majesty's Woods, to view certain parks -of his Majesty: as Ditton Park, Sunning Park and Folly John[529] -Park, lying near about Windsor; which we despatched in four or five -days, and returned back to Westminster, and delivered in the account -and certificate of the business to the Lord Treasurer. - -Towards the middle of February, there was a resolution by his Majesty -and the Lords of the Admiralty to make an addition of assistants -to the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy, for the better -managing of that great business by experienced men; to which purpose -Mr. William Burrell was nominated as one and myself by his Majesty's -own appointment was chosen for the other, not without some strong -opposition which could not prevail; so that there was a letter under -his Majesty's signet directed to the Officers, and ourselves to sit -with the Officers, and to authorise us to proceed together in all -businesses concerning his Majesty's Service, which was twice read in -public court at their meeting in Mincing Lane, the 8th day of March -1629, and then we took place first with them; where it was concluded -to begin first with a general survey of the whole Navy at Chatham, -and all stores within and without doors, and to put out by the great, -as we should hold fitting, the repair of all apparent defects in the -ships, which was recommended wholly to the care of Mr. Burrell and -myself; which was effectually performed by us, and the works of the -ships put to Mr. Goddard,[530] one of the Master Shipwrights, to be -done by contract; which business we fully concluded by the end of -March, 1630. - -After we had settled all business at Chatham, Deptford and -Woolwich, Mr. Burrell and myself took our journey, the 6th of May, -to Portsmouth, where we arrived the 8th day after; taking up our -lodgings at [the] Dock with the Clerk of the Stores,[531] where Mr. -Burrell lay, and myself at the Clerk of the Check,[532] both Mr. -Brookes and brothers; here we stayed upon despatch of all business -concerning the defects of the ships, surveys, and other material -business; which having all ordered, settled, and graved the ships, we -returned thence and came to London the 4th day of June following. - -The 4th of August, there was a great Commission sent to Portsmouth, -to take a view of the harbour and the river running up to -Fareham,[533] for the removing of his Majesty's ships to a more safe -place of riding; all the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy -being Commissioners, together with Mr. Burrell, his Majesty's Masters -of the Navy, and six of the chief Masters of the Trinity House. There -was much dispute and contrariety about the business, but in the end -a fair agreement was concluded. Some of the Masters of the Trinity -House there sickened, which hastened both their returns and ours -back. In our return home, myself was taken very sick at Farnham, -where Mr. Burrell and myself parted, he staying behind about some -particular business of his own, but we never saw one another after, -being the 13th day of August. It pleased God that I got home to -Woolwich that very night very dangerously sick, and stirred not out -of my chamber in eight weeks space, in which interim Mr. Burrell died -in an inn, as he travelled toward Huntingdon, the end of this present -month. - -About the 23rd day of November following, I was sent again to -Portsmouth with a commission to search and enquire about the worm -which was reported to eat the ships in the Road, to their endangering -and hazard. There were divers Master Shipwrights joined with me in -the business, but upon strict examination upon oath there could be no -such matter found, but only a rumour raised to hinder the keeping of -any his Majesty's ships in that harbour.[534] - -About the end of December his Majesty signed my letters patent for -the place of a Principal Officer and Commissioner of his Navy, and -the 19th day of January following I had my letters patent publicly -read at the meeting of the Principal Officers of his Majesty's Navy -in Mincing Lane in London, and accordingly took my place amongst -them; the 26th day after, they were publicly read before the whole -Navy men at Chatham. - -The 23rd of February I brought my wife from Woolwich to Chatham in a -coach all the way by land; we alighted at son Yardley's door where we -took up our lodging. - -The first of March I received from Mr. Robert Smith, Messenger of the -Navy, 8 commissions of purveyance and other business concerning the -Navy under the Broad Seal of England directed to me. - -The 21st day of April, being Thursday, his Majesty, accompanied -with divers of the lords, as the Treasurer,[535] Chamberlain,[536] -Marquis Hamilton, Holland[537] and others, came to Woolwich to see -the Vanguard launched that day, which was performed to his Majesty's -great content. I entertained them in my lodgings with wine, cakes and -other things, which were well accepted. His Majesty commanded me into -the barge with him, purposing to have landed at Deptford to have seen -the St. Denis,[538] newly repaired in dry dock, but the rain hindered -his landing, and I was taken out of his Majesty's barge into a pair -of oars. On Friday morning was launched the Victory, lying above the -Vanguard in the same dock [at] Woolwich. - -On Friday, being the 13th of May, I shipped all my goods and -household stuff from Woolwich in one Starland's hoy, which were all -safely landed at his Majesty's new dock [at] Chatham the next day. On -Monday, the 16th day, I brought myself and family into my lodgings at -the new dock. - -Wednesday, being the 15th day of June, all the ships in the Navy at -Chatham being completely trimmed in all points, rigged, and all their -sails at yards, and ordnance on board, his Majesty, attended with -divers lords, came to Strood[539] about 2 o'clock afternoon, where -the Officers of the Navy attended his Highness with barges and boats, -and being embarked rew[540] down the river on board the Prince, -and from her on board all the ships riding in that [place]. At his -Majesty's embarking, the ships did orderly discharge their ordnance. -The King went to his lodging at the Crown, Rochester. - -Next morning betimes, his Majesty took his barge again, and went on -board the rest of the ships riding in the upper reach, beginning -with the Lion, being the uppermost ship; so to the rest in order, -observing the course and order of the discharging their ordnance -as the day before; then landed at the old dock and viewed all the -ordnance upon the wharves; then walked on foot to the new dock, by -the way taking notice of the ropehouse and storehouses without the -dock gates; then came into the yard and viewed the stores and houses; -after came into my lodgings, where he stayed a pretty while; then -went to the top of the hill on the back side, where his Majesty stood -to see the ordnance fired from the ships; from thence walked back to -the old dock, where his Highness took his barge to Rochester, by the -way hovering to observe the trained-band placed in two battalions and -skirmished in warlike manner, to his Majesty's great content. His -Majesty landed at Rochester and went to dinner; then called for the -Officers of the Navy, giving[541] them many thanks for their care -and pains; then took his coach to Gravesend, thence up by water to -Greenwich. - -Monday morning, being the 25th of July, I took my journey from -Chatham towards Portsmouth, riding through Sussex. We came to -Portsmouth [the] 27th day at night and lodged at the Queen's Head. We -were sent to provide and prepare all the ships riding at Portsmouth -in manner as they were at Chatham, to entertain his Majesty, resolved -to view them all; which was accordingly performed. - -The second of August, being Tuesday, his Majesty came to Portsmouth -accompanied with divers lords, and presently took boat and went on -board each several ship, from thence treatably[542] returning, and -the ships saluting him with their ordnance. His Majesty was landed -by six of the clock and went directly to the Governor's house, -where he was lodged, and called for supper as soon as he came. Next -day I attended his Majesty for order for removing the ships, which -presently was done by his Majesty's own mouth; and waiting at dinner, -his Majesty commanded me to attend the Lord Treasurer and others, to -transport them into the Isle of Wight and bring them back; which I -carefully performed in his Majesty's pinnace, the Maria, appointed -for that purpose, and safely landed him from the Cowes at Titchfield -Haven, being attended with one of the Whelps. I returned to Chatham -from Portsmouth the 10th of August after. - -The 25th of this month, being Thursday, my son John's wife, lost in -the sixth Whelp, was married to Edward Stevens,[543] a shipwright, in -Chatham Church, the wedding being at my house in the new dockyard, -where we gave entertainment to all his friends till Monday after, -when they returned for London. - -_In[544] the beginning of this year, 1632, I was commanded from -his Majesty to assist my son Peter in the building a new ship at -Woolwich, which was begun in February, being of the burthen of 800 -tons and tonnage; most part of the frame and provisions being made -in the forests of Shotover and Stowood, Oxfordshire; my son had the -oversight of the work. About the 8th of June, his Majesty came to -Woolwich to see the work, where I entertained him afterwards in my -lodgings and attended his Majesty to Deptford in his own barge, where -he landed to view the other new ship built by Mr. Goddard._ - -_The 30th day of January, 1633, the new ship at Woolwich was -launched, the King's Majesty being there present, standing in my -lodgings. It proved a fair day and good tide, so that the ship was -put out without strain of tackle, which much contented his Majesty, -who soon after took his barge and returned to Whitehall. The ship was -named the Charles after his own name._ - -_The next day the new ship at Deptford built by Mr. Goddard was -launched, the King and Queen's Majesties being present, and was -called after the Queen's name, Henrietta Maria._ - -_By the beginning of March, the Henrietta being come to ride at -Woolwich by the Charles, both being ready fitted to set sail for -Chatham, his Majesty was pleased to come down in his barge on board -the Charles. We presently weighed with both ships and set sail with -the wind at south-west and better; his Majesty went in her a little -beneath[545] Barking Creek, and then took his barge and returned, -we taking leave after the manner of the sea with our voices and -whistles, and the King's trumpets upon the poop. By low water we were -got beneath the Nore a good distance, and there anchored all night, -and the next flood we turned up as high as Oakham Ness[546] and there -anchored, and on Monday after came over the chain._ - -_The 22nd of March, I was appointed to make a journey to Portsmouth -to take survey of all the business there, both on float and on the -shore. Mr. Edisbury,[547] Mr. Goddard, Mr. Goodwin[548] the Master, -Mr. Apslyn,[549] and our clerks going along with us. We took our -journey from London on Friday morning, and came to Portsmouth on -Sunday afternoon. It was the 6th of April following before I returned -to home to Chatham. The 11th day, son Peter first time took his -journey to Woodbridge in Suffolk to see Mrs. Cole's eldest daughter._ - -_The 15th of June, 1633, I went a journey to Portsmouth from Chatham, -through part of East Kent, accompanied with Sir Henry Palmer, -Captain William Hawkridge, newly returned from captivity,[550] -our clerks and servants. Saturday and Sunday night we lay at -Buckwell,[551] at Captain Moyle's, whose wife was sister to the Lady -Palmer. Monday we rode to one Sir William Campion's, where we were -very kindly entertained till Wednesday morning; thence taking leave -we rode to Lewes to dinner; thence to Shoreham,[552] where we lodged -that night; thence to Chichester, there dined; then to Portsmouth -where we stayed four days to despatch business there; which done, -we came thence to Guildford; so to London; and the 26th day, being -Wednesday, I came home to Chatham._ - -_The 5th of July, 1633, being a Friday, I began a journey from -Chatham by sea into Suffolk in the little Henrietta pinnace commanded -by Captain Cook, one of the Master Attendants of his Majesty's Navy, -accompanied with young Mr. Henry Palmer, Mr. Isackson, son Yardley, -cousin[553] Joseph, my sons Peter and Christopher, man Charles -Bowles, and George Parker.[554] We set sail from Gillingham in the -morning, having a fair gale at south-west. We anchored against -Harwich, between two and three of the clock, afternoon, and from -thence shipped ourselves and company in boats for Ipswich, arriving -there afore 6 in the evening, and lodged at the Angel Inn, which was -then kept by my cousin Barwick. On Saturday morning we were horsed -to Woodbridge on hackneys, whither we came about 11 of the clock -and were lodged at the Crown. After dinner we went to visit Mrs. -Cole and her daughters, with whom we had large discourse about the -match of her daughter with my son Peter, and found our propositions -entertained, I having great liking to the maid. Sunday, we and our -train dined and supped at Mrs. Cole's. Monday, we invited mother and -daughters and Mr. Fleming to dine with us at our inn, whither came -to us divers of our friends to whom we gave the best entertainment -the place could afford. In the afternoon we had private conferences -together, and concluded the match and contracted the parties with -free consent on both sides; we supped this night at Mrs. Cole's. -Tuesday forenoon, having despatched_ all our business, we took our -journey by horse to Landguard Point[555] accompanied with Mistress -Cole, her daughters, and other their friends and neighbours, whom we -entertained a while on board our pinnace, and there resolved the day -of marriage; thence we accompanied them on shore, saw them horsed, -and so took leave. My son and some other of our company accompanied -them to Woodbridge, being overtaken with a mighty storm of rain, -thunder and lightning all the way. All the next day proving very foul -and wet weather, the wind contrary, and my son and his company not -returned (who came not to us till almost 3, afternoon) we concluded -to stay till next morning in the road. Myself and most of our company -went on shore to Harwich and there lay that night. - -Thursday morning we came on board betimes and set sail, and that tide -came up as high as Bishop Ness in our river of Medway, where we -anchored and had boats meet us from Chatham, in whom we embarked, and -were safely landed at the new dock about seven, Friday morning, 12th -July, giving God thanks for our prosperous voyage and safe return. - -About the middle of this month, my son Peter had order to prepare -moulds for a frame of a new ship of 500 tons, to be built by him at -Woolwich, and was assigned to have the timber out of Stowood and -Shotover in Oxfordshire. - -About this time also, Sir Henry Palmer and myself were deeply -questioned about making sale of brown paper stuff[556] which we -claimed as a perquisite to our places, and by the information of -Mr. Edisbury, our fellow officer, to Sir John Coke. The information -was presented with a great deal of malice, and his Majesty was -made acquainted withal; but it pleased God that their malice took -no effect, the King giving us a free discharge, only we repaid the -moneys received for the commodity to the Treasurer of the Navy for -his Majesty's use. - -The 3rd day of September, my son Peter came to Chatham accompanied -with Mr. Sheldon[557] and Mr. Francis Terringham, and the next -morning we embarked ourselves at the new dock, accompanied also -with Mr. Bostock, cousin Joseph, and son Christopher, and all our -provisions, and came on board the Henrietta pinnace at Gillingham, -where Captain Cooke attended us ready to set sail; from whence with -a prosperous gale, the wind at south-west and very fair weather, -we came to anchor before Harwich about six of the clock. All our -company went on shore to Harwich, where we lodged that night, and -the next day from thence took our journey to Woodbridge, where we -were joyfully received and entertained by Mistress Cole[558] and -her friends. On Sunday following, being the 8th day of September, -my son was married to Mistress Cole's daughter in Woodbridge Church -after the sermon. On the Thursday after, all my company took leave at -Woodbridge and came to our ship riding at Harwich, where we lodged -that night, and on Friday morning embarked ourselves and set sail; -having the wind fair, we got up as high as Oakham, where we anchored -and took boats to St. Mary Creek, where we landed and walked home on -foot, giving God thanks for our prosperous voyage and safe return. - -The 8th of December, being Sunday, lying at my lodging in Mincing -Lane, London, as I was going to church in the forenoon, I was set -upon by six sergeants,[559] who arrested me at the suit of my sister -Pett,[560] widow to my brother Peter; by whom I was used uncivilly, -but after they were told by Sir Henry Palmer they would be called to -account for abusing the King's servant they let me go; which turned -me afterward to a great trouble and suit in law, to my great charge. - -In the month of February were launched the Unicorn at Woolwich, built -by Mr. Boate,[561] and the next spring following was launched the -James out of Deptford Dock, built there by my nephew, Peter Pett; -the King's Majesty being in person present at both places, where I -attended his Highness all the time of that business. - -The 22nd day of the same month, Sir Henry Palmer[562] and myself -were commanded to attend the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, -to answer the great information prosecuted against us by the malice -of Secretary Coke by intimation of Mr. Edisbury, newly made Surveyor -of the Navy, for selling the old brown paper stuff as perquisites -of our places; we were not called in till the evening; none but -Mr. Fleming[563] and myself appeared, Sir Henry Palmer purposely -absenting himself. There were present at [the] council table, Earl -Dorset,[564] Sir Henry Vane,[565] Secretary Coke and Secretary -Windebank.[566] - -Mr. Secretary Coke delivered his Majesty's pleasure, with despiteful -aggravation of the fact and the dangerous precedent[567] to others. -The conclusion was that his Majesty's command was we should be -suspended our places. We were not suffered to make any reply, but -dismissed and referred to his Majesty's further pleasure. On the -Monday after, I attended to speak to his Majesty so soon as he was -ready in his withdrawing chamber, where his Majesty was pleased -to call me to him; and before all the lords there present and my -professed enemy, Secretary Coke, his Majesty used me very graciously, -with large expression and protestation of the continuance of his -future favour and continued encouragements; which though Secretary -Coke liked not, yet he made great show of his well wishing to me in -his Majesty's presence; but notwithstanding all this, I repaid the -moneys I had received for my share, being 86 pounds, to the Treasurer -of the Navy for his Majesty's use, out of my yearly entertainment. - -About the middle of March, my son brought his wife and his mother, -with their family, from Woodbridge to my house at Chatham, where they -all stayed with us till the 23rd of April following, and then went -all to Woolwich, where my son was employed upon the building of his -Majesty's ship the Leopard. - -The 22nd of June was finished a little ship, being completely rigged -and gilded, and placed upon a carriage with wheels[568] resembling -the sea; was enclosed in a great case of deals and shipped for -London in the Fortune Pink, and was out of her taken into a wherry -and carried through bridge to Scotland Yard and from thence to St. -James', where it was placed in the long gallery and presented to the -Prince, who entertained it with a great deal of joy, being purposely -made for him to disport himself withal. - -The 26th of June, his Majesty came to Woolwich in his barge to see -the frame of the Leopard, then half built; and being in the ship's -hold his Highness, calling me aside, privately acquainted me with -his princely resolution for the building of a great new ship, which -he would have me to undertake, using these words to me:--'You have -made many requests to me, and now I will make it my request to -you to build this ship,' commanding me to attend his coming to -Wanstead[569] where he would further confer with me about it. - -The 29th October, the model made for the great new ship was carried -to Hampton Court and there placed in the Privy Gallery, where, after -his Majesty had seen and thoroughly perused, he commanded us to carry -it back to Whitehall and place it in the Privy Gallery till his -Majesty's coming thither; which was accordingly performed. - -In March, 1635, the 11th day, his Majesty came to Woolwich to see -the launching of the new ship built there by my son Peter, the which -ship I caused to have her masts set in the dock and to be completely -rigged and ten pieces of ordnance placed in her, with her sails at -the yard. The ship being launched betimes, she was, by his Majesty's -command, called the Leopard by Sir Robert Mansell. After the ship was -clear out of the dock, his Majesty came on board and there stayed -almost one hour. We hoped to sail her whilst his Majesty had been on -board, but the wind came northerly, that we could do no good to lead -it to our moorings. At his Majesty's parting away in his barge we -gave nine pieces of ordnance. - -In the midst of April, his Majesty was graciously pleased to renew -my privy seal for my pension of 40_l._ per annum, payable in the -Exchequer, with order for all my arrears due upon it. The 8th of May -following, my son Peter received the same arrears, being one hundred -pounds. - -The 14th of May, I took leave of his Majesty at Greenwich, with his -command to hasten my journey into the north, to provide and prepare -the frame and timber and plank and trenails for the great new ship -to be built at Woolwich; and having despatched all warrants and -letters concerning that business and some imprests of moneys for -travelling charges, I took leave at Woolwich and came to Chatham, -leaving my son to see all the moulds and other necessaries to be -shipped in a Castle ship, taken up for that purpose, to transport all -our provisions and workmen to Newcastle and to send the ships to take -us in at Queenborough. - -The 21st of May, my son with his wife, mother, and sisters, and rest -of their company, being come to us to Chatham and in readiness, -we, accompanied with cousin Joseph's wife and mine own company, we -took leave at Chatham in the morning and repaired by our boats to -Queenborough, where the ship was in readiness; where we embarked -ourselves, intending to have set sail presently, but the wind -chopping to east and north-east, we could not stir that tide, but -rode till the morning; then weighed and set sail and got down as -low as the Blacktail Sand,[570] where we anchored all the flood. -At high water, being about 3 [o']clock afternoon, we weighed again -and plyed down beneath the Spits and there anchored all that night. -Saturday morning we weighed and set sail again, and the next day by -five afternoon we came to an anchor against Harwich and landed all -our passengers bound for Woodbridge, who got thither that night; and -the next myself and rest of my company went for Woodbridge, where we -stayed till Tuesday afternoon and then returned to Harwich to our -ship. Wednesday forenoon, we set sail from Harwich, and Thursday -morning we came into Yarmouth Road, where we anchored, went on shore -and dined, and after dinner returned on board and set sail, plying -our course till Saturday morning. Being got within twenty leagues of -Newcastle, the wind took us short, and we put room and were landed, -not without some danger, at Scarborough where we lay that night, and -our ship put room for Bridlington.[571] - -Sunday morning we got horse with some difficulty and rode to -Whitby,[572] where we were kindly entertained and lodged at -one Captain Foxe's[573] house, then lying sick. There we found -much kindness at the hands of one Mr. Bagwell, a shipwright and -yardkeeper; this was the 31st of May. Monday morning we parted -thence and came to Guisborough, a great market town, where we -baited. From thence we went to Stockton,[574] where we found but -mean entertainment, being lodged in the Mayor's house, being a poor -thatched cottage.[575] On Tuesday we came to Durham, where we baited; -from thence we came to Newcastle about five of the clock, lodging -this night at the posthouse, where we were very homely used; but the -next day we removed thence to Mr. Leonard Carr's house, where we were -very well accommodated and neatly lodged, in which house we lay all -the time of our abode at Newcastle; this was the 3rd of June, 1635. - -After our coming to Newcastle and that[576] lodged ourselves -conveniently, we advised together how to proceed in our business, -[that] no time might be lost; and first viewed the places from whence -we were to make choice of our frame and other provisions, which were -Chopwell Woods[577] and Brancepeth Park,[578] a good way from one -another. - -Then, having marked such trees as were fittest our purpose, our -workmen were disposed of to their several charges, and began to -fell, square, and saw with all the expedition we could. That work -being settled, my son carefully followed that business whilst I -myself attended the Lord Bishop of Durham[579] with my commission and -instructions, whom I found wonderfully ready and willing to give all -furtherance to us, assisted by other knights and gentlemen, Justices -of the Peace in the county; who with all care and diligence took -order with the country for present carriage. God so blessed us in our -proceedings that in a short time as much of the frame was made ready -as laded away a great collier belonging to Woodbridge, which was -safely landed at Woolwich; and as fast as provisions could be made -ready, they were shipped away. That from Chopwell Woods was laded -from Newcastle; that which came from Brancepeth, from Sunderland. - -Having ordered all our business, both for carriage, moneys, and all -other needful things to set forward the business, leaving my loving -son Peter to oversee all, I took my leave of my friends at Newcastle -the 22nd day of July, being Wednesday, and came to Durham where we -lodged that night at the posthouse. Next morning I waited upon my -Lord of Durham, with whom I dined, and after dinner took leave and -returned to my lodging. - -Friday morning, being the 24th day, I parted from Durham accompanied -with my son Christopher, Charles Bowles,[580] and the guide. We -met, also bound our way towards London, three Scottish gentlemen -and their attendants, who very kindly accepted of our company, -and we rode together to Northallerton where we lodged that night -at the postmaster's. Next day we rode to York and lodged at the -postmaster's. Sunday, we stayed at York all the day, myself being -entertained at dinner by Sir Arthur Ingram[581] and at night by -Alderman Sir William Allison. - -Monday morning, 27th day, we rode to dinner to Wentbridge, thence to -Doncaster to bed. Tuesday we rode to Tuxford,[582] where we dined; -thence to Newark upon Trent, there lodged this night. - -Wednesday morning we rode from Newark to Grantham[583] where we -dined; thence to Stamford, where lodged this night. - -Thursday, being the 30th day, we rode from Stamford to Huntingdon, -and there dined and met there my old acquaintance and noble friend, -Sir Oliver Cromwell. After dinner we took horse again, and at -Huntingdon town's-end the Scottish gentlemen and we parted; they -took their way for London, myself and company for Cambridge, where I -lodged at the Falcon and visited Emmanuel College, where I had been a -scholar in my youth. - -Friday, being last of July, after I had visited Trinity College and -some others, I rode from Cambridge to Bury in Suffolk, where we only -baited, and rode that night to Stowmarket, coming thither very wet, -having rained very hard all that afternoon; there we lay that night. -From thence rode next morning to Ipswich, drank only at the Greyhound -Inn, and thence came to Woodbridge, alighting at sister Cole's about -eleven of the clock, being the first of August. - -I stayed at Woodbridge till Tuesday, the 4th of August; thence taking -leave, I rode to Witham to bed; from thence next morning taking horse -I came to Gravesend ferry; there passing over my horses I stayed -their coming, and then taking horse again I came home to my house -about 4 clock afternoon, in safety and health, giving God thanks for -our safe meeting after eleven weeks absence from thence. - -The 4th November, being Tuesday, it pleased God to send my son Peter -safely to Woolwich, where we met together to our great comfort; and -so gave order for proceeding in our business. - -The 21st day of December, the keel of the great new ship was laid in -his place upon the blocks in the dock; most part of the frame and -other provisions came safely to Woolwich and were landed in the Yard. - -The 16th day of January, his Majesty, accompanied with divers of the -lords, came to Woolwich to see part of the frame and floor of the -ship laid. At that time his Majesty gave order to myself and son to -build two small pinnaces out of the wastes of the great ship. - -The 28th day of March, his Majesty came again to Woolwich, -accompanied with the Palsgrave,[584] his brother Duke Robert,[585] -and divers other lords, who all stood in the windows of my lodgings -to see the two pinnaces launched, which was performed to their great -content, and named the Greyhound and Roebuck. - -About[586] the 10th of April, his Majesty's ship called by the name -of the Anne Royal, bound for to be Admiral of the narrow seas, and -anchoring in Tilbury Hope, being unmoored,[587] the ship winding -up[588] upon the flood, came foul of her own anchor, which pulled -out a great part of her keel abaft the mast; and so, in sinking, -overthrew so suddenly that some of the company were drowned, amongst -whom was the master's wife and one other woman. Myself, amongst -others, was commanded by his Majesty to give my assistance for -weighing of her, which cost much trouble, great charge and no small -danger to them that travelled[589] about it; which was afterwards -objected to them as a great fault, and were rewarded with a bitter -check from the Lords. The ship was weighed, and carried to Blackwall, -and put into the East India Dock about the 10th of August. - -The 3rd of February, his Majesty came to Woolwich by water, -accompanied with the Prince Elector[590] and divers other lords, -where he thoroughly viewed all the works of the ship without; and -then went on board and seriously perused all the ship within board, -both aloft and in the hold, being very well satisfied in all points; -and then retired himself into my lodgings, where he stayed till -flood, and then took his barge and returned to Whitehall. - -Tuesday, the 25th of April, my daughter Martha was married unto John -Hodierne, sometimes my servant.[591] She was married at Chatham -Church, accompanied with the best sort of our neighbours, who were -entertained in the garden under a long tent, set up for that purpose, -where they ate, dined, and supped. - -On the 21st day [of] July, being Friday, I brought my wife from -Woolwich to Chatham in a coach, having been very ill some weeks -before. We brought her safe to my house, and the next day she was -to our thinking very cheerful, and was visited by divers our good -neighbours, but on Sunday she grew very ill, and continued worse -and worse all that night. About 3 clock, Monday morning, she fell -into a sweet sleep and so like [a] lamb quietly departed this life, -and the Wednesday afternoon following was buried in Chatham Church, -accompanied with the better sort of all the neighbours about us; Mr. -Vaughan, our Minister, preached at her funeral. - -Tuesday, being the 29th August, proved a very wet, rainy day, but the -shipwrights of the river, which were warned to help to strike the -ship upon the ways, being come together, we set on the business, and -by God's blessing the ship was struck by eleven of the clock without -harm to any man, which we accounted a great mercy of God. - -Monday, the 25th of September, was the day peremptorily appointed -by his Majesty for launching the great ship; and accordingly all -things were prepared in readiness for performance thereof. His -Majesty, accompanied with the Queen and all the train of lords and -ladies, their attendants, came to Woolwich, for the most part by -water, landing at the dock stairs about 12 of the clock, and went -directly on board the ship, where they stayed about one hour, and -thence retired into our rooms, prepared and furnished for their -entertainment. About 2 of the clock the tackles were set taut and the -ship started as they heaved, till the tackles failed and the water -pinched,[592] being a very poor tide, so that we gave over to strain -the tackles and began to shore the ship. Then his Majesty with the -Queen took their barge and returned to Whitehall, being very sorry -the ship could not be launched. We attempted two or three tides -afterward to no purpose; it was then concluded to let the ship sit -till the next spring,[593] sitting so easily and safely that she -could take no hurt. - -After, it was resolved the ship should lie till the spring after, -which was about the 12th or 13th October following. In the interim -many malicious reports were raised to disable the ship, and to bring -as much disgrace upon me as malice itself could possibly invent; -all proceeding from the Masters of the Trinity House and other -rough-hewn seamen, with whom William Cooke, one of the four Masters -of his Majesty's Navy, enviously adhering to pleasure Secretary -Coke, and Mr. Edisbury, then newly made Surveyor of his Majesty's -Navy, all professed enemies to the building of the ship, and more to -myself, joined together to cast what aspersions upon both as far -as they durst (for fear of the King's displeasure); but the time -of the spring drawing on, there was a meeting called by Sir Robert -Mansell's means at Woolwich of such Trinity House Masters as were -formerly employed on the business, with the Officers of the Navy, to -resolve of the certain day and time of launching, which was generally -concluded to be on Sunday following, being the 14th October, and that -I should not attempt to stir the ship before; but on the Saturday -night tide, the wind chopping up for westerly, and a fair night in -hand promising a great tide to follow, I caused the two Masters of -the Navy there attending to be ready, commanding all we could on -the sudden get together to attend us, contrary to the mind of Mr. -Cooke, who was very unwilling to meddle with the ship in the night, -though Mr. Austen,[594] the more resolute man, was very willing -to take the benefit of the first opportunity to launch. The tide -came in so fast that the ship was on float by three-quarters flood, -which I perceiving thought it fit to command the ship to be heaved -off, the night being fair and calm; which accordingly was presently -performed, and the ship brought into the channel and from thence by -several warps conveyed safely to her moorings by high water; keeping -lights with reed[595] all alongst the shore till the mooring cables -were taken in and made fast to the bitts; which success with much -thankfulness we acknowledged an especial mercy of God towards us. -This done, I presently dispatched a messenger to Sir Robert Mansell -at Greenwich, who came with all speed on board us, and according -to his Majesty's commandment gave the name to the ship and named -her the Sovereign of the Seas. The next morning the company of the -Trinity House Masters and others appointed to attend the launching, -came according to the appointment to give their attendance, but -finding the ship already launched, and at her moorings in the midst -of the river, they seemed to be much discontented that they were so -disappointed and prevented, which they expressed as far as they durst. - -This morning Sir Robert Mansell rode away post to the King, -lying then at Hampton Court, and acquainted his Majesty with our -proceedings, who was wonderfully pleased with it. - -The week following we reared the sheers to set the masts, which was -performed with much safety and expedition, and all the masts set -within fourteen days; and so soon as the rigging could be in some -reasonable complete manner fitted, and sails brought to the yards, -the ship was removed from Woolwich to Erith, by reason there was a -greater depth of water to ride in. His Majesty had been on board of -her before she went thence. - -The 12th of May, 1638, the Sovereign set sail from Erith to -Greenhithe,[596] where she anchored to take in her ordnance and -provisions. The 6th of June after, his Majesty, accompanied with the -Queen, Duchess of Chevreuse,[597] Duke and Duchess of Lennox,[598] -with divers other lords and ladies more, came on board the ship at -Greenhithe, where they dined to their great content. At their going -from the ship, we gave them 17 pieces of ordnance. - -The 10th of February before, I received particular warrants from his -Majesty at council table, being himself there present, for bringing -the ship from Chatham to Woolwich dock; which was by my care speedily -performed, and the ship safely dry docked, the 21st day of March -following. - -About the 12th of July, the Sovereign weighed from Greenhithe and -anchored a little beneath Gravesend, where she rode till the King's -Majesty came on board her, which was upon the 21st day of July, -being Saturday, coming down in his barge, and rowed some part of -the way against the tide. In the time of his being on board, his -Majesty observed the condition of the ship as she now rode ready to -sail, vidt. the draught of water, the distance of the ports of the -lower tier from the water, number of the ordnance, and all other -circumstances to her complete furnishing; wherewith he was so well -satisfied and pleased that he parted from her with as much expression -of content and satisfaction as we could expect from him, to the -general comfort of us all. - -Before his Majesty took barge I had placed my then wife, -Bylande,[599] daughter Ann,[600] and many other gentlewomen, my -special friends, in the great cabin to kiss his Majesty's hand, and -prevailed with his Majesty to walk aft into the cabin, where his -Highness most graciously gave each of them his hand to kiss. His -Majesty then took his barge, and at his going from the ship we gave -him 72 pieces of great ordnance. I then with my wife and friends went -on shore and took the coach and came directly home. - -Thursday, 2nd of August, I took leave of my wife and friends at -Chatham after supper; so rode to Gravesend, thence on board the -Sovereign and lay on board in mine cabin, being the first night I -lodged in her. - -Friday, my son Peter came on board from Woolwich; then about 10 of -the clock we weighed from Gravesend, and stood down beneath Hole -Haven, and there anchored that night, being little wind. - -Saturday morning, 4th August, we weighed from Hole Haven and stood -down beneath the buoy of the Gunfleet, where we anchored all that -night. - -Sunday we came to an anchor right before Margate town, where we rode -till Thursday morning following, then weighed and set sail with the -wind at west; but coming about the Foreland we met the wind so far -southerly as put us to go without the sand, and blew so much wind -as we could bear our topsails but half mast high, so that we could -not possibly weather the South Sand Head;[601] the tides running -also dead, we were forced to anchor in 32 fathom and there rode that -night, which proved reasonable fair. - -Friday morning, the 20th August, we weighed; having the benefit of -a whole tide of ebb, we weathered the South Sand Head and stood in -right thwart of Dover; but neither the town nor Castle took notice -of us. So we put room into the Downs and anchored as near Sir John -Pennington, then riding Admiral, as we conveniently could do, being -about 8 of the clock in the morning; we were saluted by the Admiral -and all the ships in the road, whom we answered again, giving the -Admiral 21 pieces. This done we went on board the Admiral, Sir John -Pennington, to whom we were continual guests while we stayed in the -Downs. - -Wednesday morning, being the 15th of August, we set sail out of the -Downs, the wind at south and sometimes south-west. We turned to -[and] fro with very foul weather till we came as high [as] thwart of -Shoreham, or thereabouts (the Garland attending us, who was not able -to keep way with us); which course we held till Saturday the 18th -day [of] August; then finding in that time we had sufficient trial -of the condition and working of the ship in all respects, and having -but a small proportion of victuals to stay out longer, we resolved -to bear up again for the Downs; which accordingly was done, and -about 3 clock, afternoon, we anchored close to the Admiral, Sir John -Pennington entertaining us on board his ship all the time we rode by -him. - -Tuesday morning, the 21st of August, I took leave of the Sovereign -and the Admiral, and went on shore at Deal, where I found my man -attending ready with my horses, being the _night_[602] before -come thither, where I presently took horse and rode directly to -Canterbury, having visited Sir Henry Palmer by the way. I baited some -hour or more at Canterbury, and took horse again and came home to my -house [at] New Dock[603] a little after four in the afternoon; giving -God hearty thanks for my safe return, finding my wife, family and -friends in a reasonable health. - -The 28th of August, the Sovereign came safe to her moorings at St. -Mary Creek, being Tuesday. - -The 8th of September my dear wife sickened, taken with a violent -fever, being then great with child. - -The 19th of September, being Wednesday, between 8 and 9 clock in -the morning, she departed this life in a most Christian manner, -surrendering up her spirit into His hands that gave it her; the -next day after, being Thursday, she was buried in a seemly manner -in Chatham Church, close by the side of my first wife, leaving me a -sorrowful and disconsolate husband. - -Within few days after, deceased also my wife's one[604] sister and -next neighbour, wife to Mr. John Short, Clerk of the Check to his -Majesty's Navy.[605] They sickened together, she also being with -child, and knew not of one and tother's death. Soon after died Mr. -Etherington, their own father, at Mr. Short's house, who came thither -purposely to visit them. - -After I had a little passed over this great and sudden affliction, -I prepared myself to go for London; and having set all things in -order, on Thursday morning, the 27th of September, 1638, I took leave -of my family at Chatham and rode to Gravesend, thence took boat to -Woolwich where I stayed one night, and next day, accompanied with my -son Peter, we went by water to Kingston, where we took up our lodging -in a private house, the inns being full. The next day, being Sunday, -we went by water to Hampton Court, where we presented ourselves to -his Majesty, who was pleased to use us very graciously, where we -spent that whole day, at night returning by water to our lodging at -Kingston. - -Next morning, my son and myself rode to Sion,[606] to wait upon the -Lord Admiral, and was presently commanded by him to hasten to Chatham -to prepare barges and boats to be sent to Dover for the receiving on -shore the Queen Mother,[607] expected to arrive and land there - - (_Here the manuscript ends._) - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[178] MS. 'Phinees' (the form also adopted in his signature), the -Greek form of the Hebrew name _Mouth of Brass_, given as 'Phinehas' -by the translators of the Bible. - -[179] MS. 'Deepforde Stronde.' The etymology of this well-known name -does not appear to have been satisfactorily determined. Antiquaries -have been content to explain it as the 'Strand' or shore of the deep -ford over the Ravensbourne River, which enters the Thames at Deptford -Creek. As a matter of fact, Deptford Strond lay on the shore of the -Thames some distance to the west of the Ravensbourne. It seems more -probable that Deptford Town, at the head of the creek near the bridge -by which the Dover Road crosses, was the original settlement, and -took its name from the deep creek (fiord), which was navigable for -ships of 500 tons up to that bridge, and that Deptford Stronde was -settled later from the 'Town' and took the addition 'Stronde' in -contradistinction. The dockyard was on the site now occupied by the -Foreign Cattle Market. - -[180] Probably Thomas Howell, Rector of Paglesham. - -[181] Throughout the MS. the name of the Deity is spelt without a -capital letter: the use of capitals in this connection appears to be -comparatively modern. - -[182] 'Num' in MS., in which it occurs twice. - -[183] _I.e._ apprentice. - -[184] Benjamin Gonson, junior, and Buck were appointed jointly Clerk -of the Ships, with reversion to the longer liver, by letters patent -of 10 July 1596. Gonson died in 1600 and Buck succeeded him. Buck was -knighted in 1604 and died in 1625. - -[185] A private man-of-war, called later in the 17th century a -'privateer.' - -[186] Or Glemham. This was the second voyage. Neither appears to have -been a financial success. An account of this voyage under the title, -_News from the Levane Seas_ ... was published in 1594. - -[187] Prize. - -[188] MS. 'Divelinge,' apparently a phonetic attempt at the old name -of Dublin, '_Duibhlinn_,' pronounced _Divlin_. Pepys in his marginal -note writes 'travelled to Dublin.' - -[189] This was destined to be the last voyage of Drake and Hawkyns. -The _Defiance_ was Drake's ship. - -[190] Or _Due (Dieu) Repulse_. - -[191] Built in 1561, this was a rebuilding. - -[192] Advance. - -[193] Howard of Effingham. - -[194] On the north side of Deptford Green, overlooking the Thames, -afterwards the Gun Tavern. _See_ Dew's _History of Deptford_, p. 185. - -[195] _I.e._ the Cadiz Expedition of 1596, under the joint command of -Howard and Essex. - -[196] William Cecil, Lord Burghley. - -[197] Pronounced 'Tibalds,' whence the form 'Tiballs' in which it -appears in the MS. Theobalds Park (near Waltham Cross) was afterwards -exchanged between Burghley's son, the first Earl of Salisbury, and -James I for Hatfield. - -[198] MS. 'Pakellsum.' - -[199] MS. 'estate.' - -[200] MS. 'Hye Woodehill'; near Mill Hill. - -[201] St. James's Day, 25th July. - -[202] St. Bartholomew's Day, 24th August. - -[203] Hugh Lydiard, senior, Clerk of the Check. - -[204] The navigator, brother of Stephen Borough. - -[205] Possibly the entrance to the dock. - -[206] The 'income' was the fee or fine paid on entering upon the -lease. - -[207] Thomas Wiggs, a subordinate of Lord Buckhurst, Commissioner of -State Trials. He is mentioned in a letter of Buckhurst to Cecil of -7th December 1600. _Salisbury MSS. (Hist. MSS.)_, x. p. 411, and in -Pepys' _Miscell._, x. p. 349. - -[208] Southwold. - -[209] Or 'Vugle.' - -[210] _I.e._ districts. - -[211] _See_ Introduction. - -[212] Afterwards Lord Brooke. - -[213] Like, favour. - -[214] _See_ Introduction. - -[215] An allusion to the game of bowls. - -[216] Stepfather. - -[217] MS. 'syses.' - -[218] S.P. Dom. 28th May 1599; the name is given as 'Nun.' - -[219] Probably John Hone, Advocate of Doctors' Commons, 1589; Master -in Chancery 1596-1602. - -[220] The ecclesiastical 'Court of Arches' held at St. Mary-le-Bow. - -[221] A Newcastle carvel-built ship. - -[222] MS. 'Bulley'; the high ground south of Rochester Castle. - -[223] 'All Hallows, Barking,' founded by the nuns of Barking Abbey, -whence the name. - -[224] MS. 'raynam.' - -[225] Thievish Dunkirker. - -[226] Swatchway; the channel south of the Nore Sand. - -[227] Christmas. - -[228] Originally half a mark, or 6_s._ 8_d._, afterwards 10_s._ - -[229] 1602, according to the Old Style, as it is before the 25th -March. - -[230] Or Avale, see p. 86; for many years the pilot for the river and -Downs. The Commission of 1618 proposed to pension him as 'aged and -blind.' - -[231] MS. 'Dagnam.' - -[232] MS. 'Grenehyve.' - -[233] See Introduction. - -[234] Band. - -[235] Round shot. At that period salutes were fired with shotted -guns, not with blank charges. - -[236] Immediately. - -[237] South of St. Paul's, and on the east side of Baynard's Castle. - -[238] _I.e._ Prince Henry. - -[239] _I.e._ the Lord High Admiral. - -[240] M.S. 'Ihon,' mis-transcribed in the _Harl. MS._ here and -elsewhere as 'Thomas.' - -[241] M.S. 'Winebancke.' - -[242] The words in italics are wanting in the original MS. - -[243] The words in italics are wanting in the original MS. - -[244] Coruña. - -[245] San Lucar, at the mouth of the Guadalquivir. - -[246] MS. 'Bonance': opposite San Lucar. - -[247] MS. 'Civill.' - -[248] C. de Sta. Maria. - -[249] Bore away. - -[250] Cadiz. - -[251] Santander. - -[252] In Hampshire, north of Havant. - -[253] See Introduction. - -[254] This is a mistake. He has already given the date of birth of -John as 23rd March 1601-2 and of Henry as 18th March 1602-3; see pp. -17 and 18. - -[255] Suites. - -[256] Of Hinchinbrook, a gentleman of the Privy Chamber, uncle of the -Protector. - -[257] In 1608, see Introduction. - -[258] MS. 'Alceholte' (Aisholt = Ashwood), near the Surrey border -S.W. of Farnham. - -[259] At the northern approach to old London Bridge. - -[260] The poet, then gentleman of the bedchamber to Prince Henry. - -[261] _I.e._ for this special purpose. - -[262] A legend concerning the relics of St. Vincent, who suffered -martyrdom at Valencia in A.D. 304. His body on being exposed to -wild beasts was said to have been protected by a raven. During the -Moorish invasion of Spain these remains were removed from Valencia to -Cape St. Vincent, and in the twelfth century were brought by water -from that Cape to the cathedral of Lisbon and placed in the Chapel -of St. Vincent. Two (not three) ravens, who watched over his tomb, -accompanied the ship on its voyage, remaining on watch when the -relics were deposited in the cathedral. The ship and the two birds -appear in the arms of Lisbon. - -[263] _I.e._ of ample powers. - -[264] See the list and notes at pp. 54-5. - -[265] Ante, p. 20. - -[266] Rotherhithe; MS. 'Redreife.' - -[267] MS. 'Bluther.' - -[268] MS. 'Peter.' - -[269] A small piece of ordnance without carriage, used for -firing salutes. This was not the 'chamber' used with the early -breech-loading ordnance. - -[270] The _Prince Royal_. - -[271] MS. 'flower.' 'Floor--are those timbers lying transverse to -the keel, being bolted through it ... and strictly taken, is so much -only of her bottom as she rests upon when lying aground.'--Blanckley, -_Naval Expositor_. - -[272] Troublesome, painful. - -[273] Lie. - -[274] Careless. - -[275] The Tuck is 'that part of the ship where the ends of the bottom -planks are collected together immediately under the stem ... a square -tuck' (as in this case) 'is terminated above by the wing transom and -below and on each side by the fashion-pieces' (Falconer, _Marine -Dictionary_). According to Sutherland (_Shipbuilder's Assistant_), -the 'height of the tuck' was taken from the point where the heels -of the fashion-pieces were 'let in upon the posts,' _i.e._ upon the -stern post and false stern post. - -[276] Bully, swashbuckler. - -[277] A coach or chariot of a stately or luxurious kind.--_N.E.D._ - -[278] Sir Robert Cecil had been created Earl of Salisbury in 1605. - -[279] Considering. - -[280] Previously. - -[281] MS. 'brew.' - -[282] MS. 'Wrong heads.' The upper ends of the floor timbers. - -[283] The inside planking from the kelson to the orlop clamps. - -[284] Canopy. - -[285] Of the East India Company, merchant and sea-captain. - -[286] One of the six Masters Attendant of the Navy. - -[287] Probably John Watts, who was captain of Denbigh's flagship in -the Cadiz Expedition of 1625 and was knighted; together with Michael -Geere and others, at Plymouth on the return. He was captain of -Buckingham's flagship in the Ile de Rhé expedition of 1627. - -[288] Captain Thomas Norris (or Norreys) referred to at p. 119 as -being one of the Commissioners of 1618 and at p. 120 as one of Pett's -'greatest enemies.' From p. 33 it would appear that at one time he -had been a purser. - -[289] Perhaps the Captain James Chester referred to in _Naval Tracts -of Sir William Monson_, I. xxxiv. and III. 60. - -[290] _See_ Introduction. - -[291] Captain Christopher Newport, recommended by Mansell and Trevor -in 1606 for the reversion of one of the principal masters' places. In -1612 he was captain of the East Indiaman _Expedition_. He was removed -from among the six masters by the Commission of 1618, on account of -his employment by the East India Company. - -[292] Of Limehouse; master of a merchantman, and a shipbuilder. - -[293] Probably the 'Thomas Redwood, mariner, precinct of the Tower of -London,' whose will was proved in 1613 (_Wills. P.C.C._) - -[294] Possibly the William Geere granted 'the office of an Assistant -of the Admiralty' in 1604; or Michael Geere granted 'the place of -Assistant to the King's chief officers of the Admiralty' in March -1608, subsequently knighted and a Master of Trinity House. - -[295] In 1618 'Captains Geer and Moore' were engaged 'in receiving -and inventorying the _Destiny_ and her furniture, the goods of Sir -Walter Raleigh.'--_Cal. S. P. Dom._, November 2, 1618. - -[296] A servant of the East India Company. - -[297] Of Limehouse, mariner. - -[298] See Introduction. - -[299] MS. 'Cleye.' Referred to at p. 33 as 'Nicholas Clay of Redriff, -shipwright and yardkeeper.' Nominated in the Charter of 1605 as one -of the 'Assistants' of the Shipwrights' Company. The name is there -spelt 'Cley,' but he signed as 'Nycholas Clay.' - -[300] Referred to at p. 33 as 'Thomas Graves of Limehouse, shipwright -and yardkeeper'; the indictment is, however, signed by 'John Greaves' -(see Introduction), and it may be noted that 'John Graves' was -nominated an 'Assistant' by the Charter of 1612. Probably Pett has -made a mistake in the forename. - -[301] Probably Robert Tranckmore, who with Jonas Day was employed -in 1627 in making a dry dock, etc., at Portsmouth. These two with -Pett were also ordered to report on the faults in the ships built by -Burrell. - -[302] Clerk of the Check at Woolwich. - -[303] Brother of Sir Peter Buck, Clerk of the King's Ships. It -appears from p. 33 that he was an under clerk to Sir Peter. -In October 1607 Thomas Buck and William Holliday were granted -'protection' for a year, and this was renewed in September 1609. On -31st July 1609 Thomas Buck and John Clifton were granted the moiety -of all forfeitures, etc., incurred by officers of the navy for frauds -against the Crown. - -[304] John Clifton (see preceding note); he had been purser in the -_Answer_ in the Spanish voyage of 1605. - -[305] In October 1604 he was granted with others a reward of 5_s._ -a ton for building five new ships. He was a friend of William -Adams, the navigator, who refers to him in his letter from Japan of -October 23, 1611, to the East India Company. It would appear that he -and Diggens (and possibly Woodcott) would more properly have been -included under 'shipwrights.' - -[306] Probably the William Bigatt who was master of the _Lion_ under -William Borough in 1587. See 'The Mutiny of the _Golden Lion_' in -Oppenheim, _Administration of the Royal Navy_, p. 382 _et seq._ - -[307] Of Stepney. - -[308] Became in 1610 one of the six principal masters. Newport's -reversion (see note 7, p. 54) was granted 'after the placing of John -King.' - -[309] Possibly Arthur Pett, the navigator of 1580. He was one of the -members incorporated by the second charter of the Virginia Company in -1609. - -[310] Possibly referred to in Court Minutes of the East India Company -(_Cal. S.P. East Indies_, 407) of April 1608: 'Gratifications to -Diggins, Burrell, Kitchen and Woodcott.' - -[311] This may be the 'old Thomas Fuller' who died in the East India -Company's ship _Thomas_ in 1612. - -[312] MS. 'Write.' In 1604 the Lord Mayor was directed to appoint -Richard and Robert Wright joint packers of woollen cloths, &c., and -porters of strangers' goods in and out of the port of London. It is -not, however, clear that this is the same man. - -[313] Of Ratcliff. Mentioned in the grant to the North-West Passage -Company. _Cal. S.P. Colonial_, July 26, 1612. - -[314] Granted in August 1604 the usual allowance for building five -new ships. William Adams, who died in Japan in 1620, had been for -twelve years apprenticed to Diggens, and refers to him affectionately -in his letters to the East India Company. (See _Letters received by -the East India Company_, vol. i.) - -[315] Probably the 'Edward Jordan, mariner,' mentioned in the Pipe -Office Dec. Acct. for 1613 (No. 2251). - -[316] Principal master workman of the East India Company; see -Introduction. - -[317] Brother-in-law of Phineas. A shipbuilder at Ratcliff; nominated -as a warden in the shipwrights' charter of 1605. - -[318] Nominated as an 'Assistant' in the shipwrights' charter of 1612. - -[319] Thomas Cole of Woodbridge and Thomas Pryme of Yarmouth were -nominated 'Assistants' in the shipwrights' charter of 1605. - -[320] MS. 'Androes.' - -[321] Shipbuilder at Gillingham, see p. 24. He was also a shipwright -in Chatham Yard. - -[322] Referred to at p. 93 as 'friends in the navy.' - -[323] See Introduction. - -[324] MS. 'directed.' - -[325] See Introduction. - -[326] The transverse section of the ship at the greatest breadth. - -[327] Henry Briggs (1561-1630), mathematician. First Professor of -Geometry at Gresham College. - -[328] The futtocks or foothooks are the timbers between the floor -timbers and the top timbers. The floor timbers, lower and upper -futtocks, and top timbers, when put together, form a complete -frame-bend. - -[329] Redness being a sign that the wood was past its prime and -beginning to decay. - -[330] Entirely. - -[331] To be dressed or smoothed with an adze. - -[332] The timbers, popularly called 'ribs,' forming the frame. - -[333] Carefully. - -[334] Marvel at, Lat. _admirari_. - -[335] Result. - -[336] Thomas Button. Knighted 1616; died 1634. - -[337] MS. 'and.' - -[338] John Legatt, or Legate, Clerk of the Check at Chatham, granted -in 1604 the reversion of the Clerkship of the Navy after Peter Buck, -sen. (_Pat. Roll_, 1655). He appears, however, to have died before -Buck, probably in 1615. - -[339] An allusion to the well-known line of Horace (_De Arte -Poetica_, 139): 'Parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus mus' -(Mountains are in labour, a silly little mouse will be born). - -[340] MS. 'veryest bable and drowne divell.' This has the appearance -of a seaman's saying, but I have not met it elsewhere. 'Bable' -(bauble) is used contemptuously for 'a mere toy, applied to a -machine, etc., considered too small or weak for actual work' -(_N.E.D._), as in the following passages: - - ' ... the sea being smooth, - How many shallow bauble boats dare sail - Upon her patient breast ... - But let the ruffian Boreas once enrage - The gentle Thetis ... - ... where's then the saucy boat - Whose weak untimbered sides but even now - Co-rivall'd greatness?' - - SHAKESPEARE, _Troilus and Cressida_, I, iii. - - ' ... his shipping - Poor ignorant baubles--on our terrible seas - Like egg-shells mov'd upon their surges, crack'd - As easily 'gainst our rocks.' - - SHAKESPEARE, _Cymbeline_, III, i. - -The word 'bawble' is also used by Anson in speaking of the _Tryal_ -sloop, which the Spaniards at Juan Fernandez could not credit with -having rounded Cape Horn. - -'Devil' seemingly refers to the 'poor devils' forming the crew: it -does not appear to refer to the seam in the ship's bottom to which -that name is sometimes given. - -[341] Referring to his voyage in 1602. _See_ Introduction. - -[342] Granted October 27, 1607. - -[343] Apparently John Pory, who, from his letter to Dudley Carleton -of January 3, 1610 (_S.P. Dom., James I_, lii, 1), appears to have -been connected with the Lord Treasurer. This would be the traveller -and geographer of that name, then M.P. for Bridgwater, but settled in -London. - -[344] Probably John Keymer, the author of _Observations upon the -Dutch Fishing_. - -[345] Reproof. - -[346] By William Burrell. - -[347] Of 1100 tons; wrecked on her first voyage in 1613 and burnt by -the Javanese. - -[348] Of 250 tons. - -[349] MS. 'strokes.' The ship is struck (lowered) upon the launching -ways when the blocks and wedges on which the keel is supported are -driven out and the weight of the ship taken upon the cradle, the -bottom of which rests upon, and slides along, the launching ways. - -[350] According to the account of the captain of the _Peppercorn_ -(_Egerton MS._ 2100) this was on 30th December. The _Peppercorn_ was -launched on 1st January, 'and the great ship the _Trade's Increase_ -... a little removed, but not launched. The 2nd day Tuesday the -_Trade's Increase_ was half her length removed but not launched for -the dockhead was too narrow for her passage. The 3rd day ... she was -launched.' - -[351] An account of this tournament is given in Birch, _Life of -Henry, Prince of Wales_, p. 182 _et seq._ - -[352] Satisfaction, content. - -[353] Completed with her ornamental work. - -[354] The 6th August 1610 was a Monday. - -[355] Near Cheam. This Palace was commenced by Henry VIII and pulled -down by the Duchess of Cleveland. - -[356] 'The Orlopp is no other but the Deck (as we say) the lower -Deck, the second Deck, so you may as well say the lower Orlopp, -or the second Orlopp: and indeed it is commonly held the proper -speech to call them the first Orlopp and the second Orlopp: for -this word Orlopp seems to be appropriated only to these two -Decks,'--Manwayring, _The Seaman's Dictionary_. - -[357] MS. 'Lyeadger.' The Sieur de la Boderie, then engaged in -settling the 'League' or Treaty between the two kingdoms. - -[358] A silk stuff. - -[359] MS. 'withe.' - -[360] A small capstan, placed on the ground. - -[361] MS. 'scruses.' Placed at the bow to start the ship. - -[362] The 'scavel' was a small spade used for digging clay, etc., as -in forming drains. The scavelmen were dockyard labourers whose duty -it was to clean and pump out the docks. The name, which disappeared -after 1844, probably on the introduction of steam pumping machinery, -was no doubt a survival from the time when the 'dock' was formed of -piling, wattles, and clay, which was placed round the ship when she -had been brought to the shore, or across the mouth of the creek into -which she had been hauled, and which had to be dug away in 'opening -the dock.' - -[363] For an account of this ceremony see Fraser, _The Londons of the -British Fleet_, p. 68. - -[364] To inaugurate the use of. (_N.E.D._) - -[365] Presumably of Deptford Yard, but he may mean Blackwall. She had -been undocked at Ratcliff. - -[366] The Gore Channel, running between the Kent coast and Margate -Hook Sand, west of Birchington. - -[367] Thomas; one of the pilots for the river and Downs. The name -appears elsewhere as 'Poynett,' 'Punnett,' and 'Poinet.' He signed -with a mark 'T.' - -[368] On the Essex shore, half-way between London and Gravesend. - -[369] Now covered by the extension of Chatham Dockyard northwards. - -[370] A Captain of the Navy, commended by Nottingham to Salisbury in -1609 for having taken Harris, the pirate, on the Irish coast and done -good service off the West Islands of Scotland (_Cal. S.P.D._, July 3, -1609). - -[371] For the time being. - -[372] MS. 'taken.' - -[373] It was customary at that period to fire salutes with shotted -guns, and accidents from the shot were not infrequent. - -[374] A light ship's boat or gig. - -[375] Arabella Stuart. Placed in custody after her marriage to -William Seymour. She escaped dressed as a man, but was captured in -the Straits of Dover and committed to the Tower. - -[376] MS. 'Lee.' - -[377] Younger brother of Sir Henry Middleton. This was the return -from his voyage in the _Expedition_. - -[378] The grant of this post to Bingley was dated 7th May. He was -knighted on 10th November. - -[379] August: the month is noted in the margin. - -[380] Nephew. - -[381] W. of Canvey Island. - -[382] This word is not in the _N.E.D._; it is probably derived from -'heart' or 'hearten,' to acquire more energy. See also note on p. 106. - -[383] MS. 'Shepeway.' - -[384] This word is not in the _N.E.D._, but it evidently means -'to become more dull or calm.' It is used as a transitive verb by -Mainwaring in the _Seaman's Dictionary_, _s.v._ 'Blowe':--'the heat -of the land, which should duller the wind.' - -[385] Sheirenasse. - -[386] Merhonour. - -[387] For an inclusive sum. - -[388] Plans, draughts. - -[389] _I.e._ the curves of the timbers which were to form the frame. -Each complete 'mould' would give a transverse section of the ship. - -[390] Button sailed as 'Admiral' of this expedition in the -_Resolution_, which was lost in the voyage. He was accompanied by the -_Discovery_ in which Waymouth and Hudson had made earlier voyages to -the same parts. - -[391] This use of 'together' in the sense of mutually, from each -other, is not illustrated in the _N.E.D._, but it is evidently -cognate to its use in the expressions 'love together,' 'see together' -(= meet) of which examples are given. - -[392] The burden in 'tons' represents the net wine-carrying capacity -of the ship in Bordeaux casks. The 'tonnage' was an additional -allowance equal to one-third of this; the 'ton and tonnage' -representing the gross burden (_see_ Oppenheim, _Administration_, pp. -30, 132, 266). - -[393] The pirate; subsequently a naval officer; author of the -_Discourse of the Beginnings, Practices, and Suppression of Pirates_, -and of _The Seaman's Dictionary_; knighted 1618. MS. 'Manwaring'; -other spellings of the name are Maynwaring, Manwayring, Maynnaring, -Mannering. - -[394] Gibbons, who was Button's cousin, went in the _Resolution_ as a -volunteer. In 1614 he went out again in the _Discovery_ in command, -but this voyage proved a complete failure. Button had a very high -opinion of him, and so, apparently, had Pett. For an account of the -voyages, see Rundall, _Narratives of Early Voyages_ (Hakluyt Soc.), -and Christy, _Voyages of Foxe and James to the North-west_ (Hakluyt -Soc.). - -[395] Presence-chamber. - -[396] See Introduction. - -[397] Perhaps Nicholas Pey - -[398] Thomas; ship-painter. - -[399] Picture, image. - -[400] Daughter of the King, married to Frederick, Elector Palatine, -subsequently King of Bohemia. Prince Rupert was her third son. - -[401] By contract. - -[402] Shipbuilders. - -[403] St. Stephen's Alley occupied a site near the position of the -present Parliament Street, where Charles Street runs into it. - -[404] The wharf of that name at Southwark. It lay north-west of the -present cathedral (St. Saviour's) which had been the church of the -Priory of St. Mary Overy. - -[405] _I.e._ the _Prince Royal_ to be flagship of the fleet. - -[406] The Elector Palatine. - -[407] 'A strake is the term for a seam betwixt two planks (as the ... -ship heels a strake, that is one seam),' Mainwaring (1623). According -to Blanckley (1750) the term was applied to 'the uniform ranges of -planks on the bottom, decks and sides of the ships.' The ship was not -to be heeled over further than would bring the sixth seam, or edge of -the sixth plank, above water. - -[408] MS. 'Alsbrey.' Mathematician; appointed one of the -Commissioners of Inquiry in 1626; Master of the Mint and created -baronet in 1627; appointed Surveyor of the Navy in 1628. - -[409] At Upnor. - -[410] Nimble, quick, ready. - -[411] MS. 'pike.' The anchor is a-peak when the cable is heaved in -so far as to bring the hawse of the ship right over the anchor, the -cable being then perpendicular. - -[412] On p. 94 the wind is spoken of as having 'harted.' - -[413] Going round; turning head from wind. - -[414] Complete. - -[415] _I.e._ the ship. - -[416] The 'furrow' or depression in the ground made by the ship's -bottom. - -[417] MS. 'to.' - -[418] This word, which Pepys transcribes as 'pritly,' is not in the -_N.E.D._, but since it appears to have the same meaning as 'predy' -(or 'priddy') which was in use at sea in the seventeenth century for -'make ready' or 'set ... in order,' it is not impossible that it may -be a variation of that word. - -[419] The ends of the Buxey and Gunfleet sands, where the Spitway -leads between them from the East Swin to the Wallet. - -[420] Eight and a half miles north of Margate. - -[421] The entrance to the Thames, opposite the Queen's Channel; not -the English Channel. - -[422] Drew ahead or became 'scant.' The use of 'shorten in this sense -is rare and unknown to the dictionaries. - -[423] MS. 'Blakenborough.' On the Belgian coast. - -[424] MS. 'Scone.' A small fort or earthwork. - -[425] MS. 'Sluce.' - -[426] MS. 'yoathes.' This must be one of the earliest instances of -the introduction of the Dutch 'Iacht' into English. The word 'yacht' -does not seem to have come into use until after 1660. - -[427] Count: Dutch 'Graaf.' - -[428] Fort Rammekens, east of Flushing, at the entrance of the -channel between Walcheren and South Beveland. Rammekens, Flushing, -and Brill were then occupied by English garrisons as 'cautionary -towns,' in security for the money lent to the Dutch by Elizabeth. - -[429] Campvere, now called Vere, on the north-east side of Walcheren -Island, at that time the staple port for Scottish merchants. - -[430] On the (then) I. of Cadzand. - -[431] Off the Essex coast. - -[432] The prison situated near St. Saviour's, Southwark. - -[433] Mansell was accused of taking exception to the Commission for -Inquiring into the Abuses of the Navy, in a contemptuous and disloyal -manner. - -[434] 1615. - -[435] MS. 'Rawly.' - -[436] Mentioned by Ralegh in his testamentary memorandum. - -[437] See note on p. 151. - -[438] Politician; degraded 1621. Smiles, _Men of Invention and -Industry_, p. 43, says he was the original of 'Sir Giles Overreach' -in Massinger's play, 'A New Way to Pay Old Debts.' - -[439] _Sic._ - -[440] 1618; see Introduction. - -[441] A protégé of Northampton and Buckingham. Master of Wardrobe and -Court of Wards. Treasurer 1621. Earl of Middlesex 1622. Impeached -1624. - -[442] First Governor of the East India Company, member of the Muscovy -Company, and Treasurer of the Virginia Company. - -[443] Chancellor of the Exchequer 1621. Created Earl of Portland 1633. - -[444] Knighted in company with Sutton, Pitt, and Osborne in February -1619. - -[445] MS. 'Robert.' - -[446] MS. 'Cooke.' Deputy Treasurer of Navy 1591; knighted 1624. - -[447] William Pitt; one of the Tellers of Receipt. - -[448] MS. 'Worsenam.' Of the East India and Virginia Companies; -knighted 1617. - -[449] This rank was instituted in 1611 by James I. to raise money -for the Crown, the sum to be paid being 1095_l._ At first certain -restrictions as to numbers and conditions were made. The restrictions -were gradually withdrawn, and under Charles I. blank patents were put -up for sale. The price seems to have fallen as low as 300_l._ by the -end of Charles I.'s reign. - -[450] MS. 'Ratcliff'; ancestor of the Earls of Derwentwater. - -[451] A Roman Catholic who refused to attend his parish church. - -[452] A gentleman pensioner, knighted in 1617. - -[453] _I.e._ the King named them. The names allude to Buckingham's -entrance into the Lord High Admiralship and his 'reformation' of the -Navy affairs. - -[454] Or Cleive (Clive), MS. 'Cleave.' Knighted in 1605. - -[455] MS. 'surplage.' - -[456] Captain of the _Marygold_ merchantman. - -[457] Probably what is now the West Oaze Buoy, about five miles east -of the Nore Light. - -[458] South-east of the Oaze, on the opposite side of the Oaze Deep. - -[459] Cape St. Vincent. - -[460] MS. 'Jubellatare.' - -[461] See Introduction. - -[462] Stevens was now a master shipwright, associated with Pett at -Chatham; see Introduction. - -[463] John Greaves; see note, p. 55. - -[464] John Dearslye. - -[465] Robert Bourne, nominated an 'Assistant' in the charter of 1612. - -[466] Edward. MS. 'Chandelor.' - -[467] The estimate was 994_l._ 11_s._ 8_d._ _Coke MSS. (Hist. MSS.)_, -vol. i. p. 130. - -[468] Intimation, hint. - -[469] See Introduction.--Steward was in command of the rear squadron -in the Cadiz expedition of 1625. - -[470] Knighted 1625. - -[471] Sir Fulke Greville, created Baron Brooke in 1621. - -[472] Whitaker Spit, between the Swin and the entrance to the river -Crouch. - -[473] Obliged to veer, or go large. - -[474] MS. 'Fayrelye.' East of Hastings. - -[475] MS. 'Beawlye.' - -[476] James, second Marquis of Hamilton, a commissioner for the -marriage of Prince Charles to the Infanta. - -[477] William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke. - -[478] Sir John Ramsay, created Earl of Holderness in 1621. - -[479] Thomas Erskine, created Earl of Kellie in 1619. - -[480] James Hay, created Earl of Carlisle in 1622. - -[481] Philip Herbert, created Earl of Montgomery 1605. - -[482] Francis Manners, sixth Earl of Rutland. - -[483] Drawing ahead suddenly and becoming foul; _cf._ 'shorten,' p. -109. - -[484] This expression is unknown to the dictionaries, and it is -difficult to conjecture its meaning: it may be a synonym for 'bank' -or 'shore,' or for 'seaweed,' which would be found in the shallower -water near the shore. - -[485] N.W. Spain. MS. 'Ortingall.' - -[486] Apparently 'bent' was in use at this period in speaking of the -tide when it had turned and begun to ebb or flow with full force. -_Cf._ Luke Ward's narrative (1582) in Hakluyt (vol. xi. p. 174): -'Being at anchor, I manned our boat and would have gone aboard the -Admiral, but could not, the flood was bent so strong.' - -[487] _I.e._ make way against. - -[488] Brother of Sir John Trevor, and a naval officer of distinction; -knighted in 1604. - -[489] The captain, or commanding officer. 'Commander' as a -substantive rank dates only from 1793. - -[490] MS 'Gundamar.' Diego Sarmiento d'Acuna, Count of Gondomar. He -played an important part in the foreign policy of Great Britain from -1613, when he was sent to England as ambassador to bring James into -accord with Spanish policy. It was Gondomar who secured the execution -of Ralegh. - -[491] MS. 'Sylla.' He means the principal island, St. Mary. - -[492] _I.e._ the ship first beat to windward, tacking two or three -times, and then laid her course for the anchorage with the wind on -her quarter. - -[493] Castle Hugh, near Hugh Town, the capital. - -[494] The shoal at the entrance to Spithead, north of St. Helen's. - -[495] Gentleman of the Chamber. - -[496] The sands along the Kent coast off Sandwich. - -[497] The narrow part of the ship's bottom near the stern post. - -[498] MS. 'over.' - -[499] Duke Christian of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel. He arrived in England -on December 20 with letters of recommendation from Elizabeth of -Bohemia, whose cause he was championing, and was the guest of the -Prince of Wales. - -[500] The official residence of the Navy Officers on Chatham Hill. - -[501] Bore large, bringing the wind on the beam or quarter. - -[502] MS. 'Bullen.' - -[503] Dragged their anchors. - -[504] Predicament. - -[505] John Pyham, Vicar of Chatham. - -[506] Designs. - -[507] This has been added at the bottom of the page, where it has no -connection with the context. In the margin Pett has written, 'Son -Joseph died in Ireland this year 1625.' - -[508] 12 Dec. 1626. Pett was named last in the list. - -[509] _I.e._ the Great Seal. - -[510] Built by the Dutch, but intended for the French Navy. It was -captured in the Texel and added to the English Fleet. - -[511] One of the four Masters Attendant. - -[512] MS. '1637.' 1628 new style. - -[513] Treasurer of the Navy. - -[514] Knighted in 1634. - -[515] Shipbuilders. - -[516] The ten _Lion's Whelps_. - -[517] Payments in advance. - -[518] MS. 'Redcliff.' - -[519] More usually spelt 'Compter': one of the debtors' prisons -attached to the Sheriff's Court; the last was abolished in 1854. - -[520] The prison on the east side of Farringdon Street, taking its -name from the Fleet River; burnt down in 1666 and in 1780; it was -abolished in 1842. - -[521] Treasurer of the Army, with whom Buckingham was lodging. - -[522] Apparently used in the sense of 'unemployed.' - -[523] Colonel Sir Thomas Fryer. The circumstances are related in -detail by Dr. S. R. Gardiner in his _History of England from the -Accession of James I._, vol. vi. chap. lxv. - -[524] _I.e._ the prison of that name. - -[525] Chaussée de Sein, south of Ushant. - -[526] Richard, successor to Paul Isackson. - -[527] Robert Bertie, created Earl of Lindsey 1626; admiral of the -second fleet sent to Rochelle in 1628. - -[528] Robert Treswell. - -[529] Foliejon on the modern ordnance map. 'Folly' appears to be a -local name for a clump of trees on a hill. - -[530] Henry Goddard. - -[531] Francis Brooke. - -[532] John Brooke. - -[533] MS. 'Farum.' - -[534] The report, signed by Phineas Pett, Jo. Dearslye, Peter Pett, -Andrewes Burrell, John Greaves and John Taylor, is preserved (_S.P. -Dom. Chas. I._ clxxvi. 8). Mr. Oppenheim (_Administration_, p. 297) -points out that 'five years later some of the same men turned round -with "we positively conclude that there is a worm in that harbour."' - -[535] Richard Weston, created Baron Weston in 1628, and Earl of -Portland in 1633. - -[536] The Lord High Chamberlain was Robert Bertie, Earl of Lindsey; -the Lord Chamberlain was Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, who had -succeeded his brother, William. - -[537] Henry Rich, 1st Earl of Holland, beheaded 1649. - -[538] A prize of 1625 taken into the Navy. - -[539] MS. 'Strowde.' - -[540] A very late example of this form of the past tense of 'row.' - -[541] MS. 'given.' - -[542] Deliberately. - -[543] Son of Edward Stephens, late Master Shipwright. Imprisoned in -1626 for disrespect to Pett and Trevor. - -[544] The passage in italics is wanting in the original MS. - -[545] Below. - -[546] MS. Ockum. In the Medway. - -[547] Kenrick Edisbury, _alias_ Wilkinson, who in 1626 was Paymaster -of the Navy, succeeded Sir Thos. Aylesbury as Surveyor of the Navy in -December 1632 and died in 1638. Mr. Oppenheim pronounces him 'perhaps -the most observant and energetic of the chief officers.' - -[548] John Goodwin, Master Attendant at Portsmouth. - -[549] Nathaniel Apslyn. In 1626, when Carpenter of the _Red Lion_, he -was recommended by Pett for the post of Assistant Master Shipwright, -and was appointed in that capacity at Chatham. - -[550] Hawkridge is said to have accompanied Button in the voyage -of 1612. In 1619 he was in command of an expedition in search of -the North-West Passage which proved a failure. Subsequently he was -captured with his ship and cargo, valued at £2000, by the pirates -of Algiers and held to ransom. _See_ Christy, _Voyages of Foxe and -James_ (Hakluyt Soc.). - -[551] Near Wye, on the main road from Ashford to Canterbury. - -[552] MS. 'Shorum.' - -[553] Nephew. - -[554] Master Carpenter of the _St. Denis_ in 1632. - -[555] MS. 'Langer.' At the entrance to Harwich harbour. - -[556] Old cordage, used for manufacture into brown paper. - -[557] Francis Sheldon, Clerk of the Check at Woolwich. - -[558] The wife of Thomas Cole, who was one of the witnesses at the -Inquiry of 1610 (_supra_, p. 57). Thomas Cole owned the Manor of -Woodbridge, which by 1649 came into Peter's possession. See Copinger, -_Manors of Suffolk_, vol. iv. p. 328. - -[559] Bailiffs. - -[560] See Introduction. - -[561] Edward Boate, Master Shipwright. - -[562] Comptroller of the Navy since 1632; son of the Comptroller of -the Navy of the same name who died in 1611. - -[563] Denis Fleming, Clerk of the Acts. - -[564] Edward Sackville, 4th Earl, one of the Commissioners of the -Admiralty appointed after the death of Buckingham. - -[565] The elder (1589-1655), then Comptroller of the Household and -Privy Councillor. - -[566] Sir Francis Windebank (1582-1646), joint-Secretary of State -with Sir John Coke, 1632. - -[567] MS. 'president.' - -[568] MS. 'whelles.' - -[569] MS. 'Waynstead.' A royal manor. - -[570] On the edge of the Maplin, six miles east of Shoeburyness. - -[571] MS. 'Burlington.' - -[572] MS. 'Whytebye.' - -[573] Luke Foxe, the Arctic navigator. He died at Whitby in July. - -[574] M.S. 'Stockdone.' - -[575] Stockton had fallen into decay during the sixteenth century. - -[576] _Sic._ - -[577] MS. 'Chopple.' On the Derwent, six miles south-west of -Newcastle. - -[578] MS. 'Bramespeth.' On the Wear, four miles south-west of Durham. - -[579] MS. 'Duresme.' - -[580] Pett's clerk. - -[581] Comptroller of Customs for Port of London; one time Secretary -of the Council of the North. - -[582] MS. 'Tuckesford.' - -[583] MS. 'Grantum.' - -[584] Charles Lewis, the second son of Frederick and Elizabeth, born -in 1617. Frederick had died in 1632. - -[585] Prince Rupert. - -[586] It was the 9th. - -[587] _I.e._ not moored, having only one anchor down. - -[588] Swinging round with the tide. - -[589] Obsolete form of 'travailed'; laboured. - -[590] Charles Lewis, whom, on p. 162, he called the Palsgrave. The -title of Elector was, however, not formally accorded to him until the -Peace of Westphalia, in 1648, when the Lower Palatinate was restored. - -[591] Apprentice. In 1633 he was recommended by Pett for the post of -Master Carpenter of the _Charles_ on the ground that he had wrought -upon the same throughout her being built, and was also 'a pretty -mariner.' _S. P. Dom. Chas. I._, ccxxxi. 45. - -[592] Became too shallow. - -[593] Spring tide. - -[594] MS. 'Austyne'; Thomas Austen. - -[595] Burning reeds. - -[596] MS. 'Grenhyve.' - -[597] MS. 'Shevarees.' Marie de Rohan; exiled from France in 1626. - -[598] James Stuart, 4th Duke; created Duke of Richmond, 1641. - -[599] Married on 7th January. On p. 171 his wife's father's name is -given as 'Etherington'; her Christian name was Mildred. The use of -two forenames was practically unknown at this period; evidently she -had been married before. - -[600] Wife of Christopher Pett. - -[601] The south end of the Goodwin Sands. - -[602] This word is lost, the margin being torn away; these six words -are not in the Harleian copy. - -[603] Chatham. - -[604] Perhaps intended for 'own.' - -[605] At Chatham. - -[606] Sion House at Brentford, the seat of the Duke of -Northumberland, who had been appointed on 13th April to act for -the young Duke of York, declared Lord High Admiral for life at the -Council on 18th March. - -[607] _I.e._ of France. Marie de Medicis, widow of Henri IV. and -mother of Queen Henrietta Maria; she landed at Harwich on 18th -October. - - - - -APPENDICES - - -I - -Grant to Phineas Pett. 26th April 1604 - -(_In Latin_) - -[=Pat. Roll 1646=] - -The King[608] to all to whom etc. greeting. Whereas our dearest -Sister Elizabeth late deceased Queen of England by her letters -patent under the great seal of England bearing date at Westminster -the twenty-third day of January in the twenty-sixth year[609] of her -reign gave and granted for herself her heirs and successors unto -Mathew Baker and John Addey Shipwrights and to the longer liver of -either of them among other[610] things a certain annuity or annual -rent of twelve pence sterling a day: to have and to receive yearly -the said annuity or annual rent of twelve pence sterling a day to -the aforesaid Matthew Baker and John Addey and their assigns and to -the longer liver of either of them from the Feast of the Nativity of -the Lord then last past before the date of the same letters patent -during the natural life of the same Mathew Baker and John Addey and -the longer liver of either of them from her Treasury and that of her -heirs and successors at the Receipt of the Exchequer at Westminster -of herself her heirs and successors at the hands of the Treasurer -and Chamberlain of her her heirs and successors there for the time -in being at the four terms of the year namely at the Feast of the -Annunciation of the B.V. Mary of St. John the Baptist of St. Michael -the Archangel and of the Nativity of the Lord in equal portions. -And whereas also our same dearest Sister Elizabeth by other letters -patent under the great seal of England bearing date at Westminster -the twenty-ninth day of July in the thirty-second year of her -reign[611] gave and granted for herself her heirs and successors to -Joseph Pett Shipwright another annuity or annual fee of twelve pence -a day of lawful money of England; to have hold and receive unto the -same Joseph Pett and his assigns during the natural life of the -same Joseph Pett from the Treasury of her her heirs and successors -at the Receipt of the Exchequer at Westminster by the hands of the -Treasurer and Chamberlain there and from time to time existing, as -by the several said letters patent more plainly doth appear. Which -said Mathew Baker and John Addey and Joseph Pett to this day remain -alive and to this present have and enjoy the said several annuities -by virtue of the several letters patent aforesaid. Know ye that we -of our special grace and sure knowledge and mere motion also in -consideration of the good true and faithful service to us done and -hereafter to be done by our beloved and faithful subject Phineas -Pett now serving our dearest son Henry Prince of Wales both in the -building of the ships of us our heirs and successors and in his -attendance on our marine affairs and causes have given and granted -and by these presents for ourself our heirs and successors do give -and grant to the same Phineas Pett that annuity or annual fee of -twelve pence sterling a day of good and lawful money of England out -of the two above named annuities whichever first after the date of -these presents by death resignation surrender or composition of any -one of the aforesaid Mathew Baker and John Addey and Joseph Pett or -in any other manner shall have become vacant or determined or shall -hereafter become vacant or cease. To have hold enjoy and receive -the said annuity or annual fee of twelve pence a day as is in manner -aforesaid vacated or determined or shall hereafter determine to the -aforesaid Phineas Pett or his assigns for the term of the natural -life of the same Phineas immediately from the time at which either of -those annuities shall first become vacant or determine as aforesaid -from the Treasury of us our heirs and successors at the Receipt of -our Exchequer at Westminster by the hands of the Treasurers and -Chamberlains of us our heirs and successors there from time to time -in being at the four terms of the year namely at the Feast of St. -Michael the Archangel the Nativity of the Lord the Annunciation of -the B.V. Mary and the Nativity of St. John the Baptist in equal -portions to the aforesaid Phineas Pett or his assigns during the -natural life of the same Phineas Pett annually to be paid the first -payment thereupon commencing at that feast of the aforesaid feasts -which first and nearest shall fall after one of the two separate -aforesaid annuities of twelve pence a day shall become vacant or -determined in the mode and fashion above specified. Although express -mention etc. In witness etc. Witness the King[612] at Westminster the -26th day of April. - - By writ of Privy Seal. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[608] In the enrolment this is given simply as 'Rex'; in the original -the commencement would be 'Jacobus Dei Gratia,' etc. - -[609] 23 Jan. 1584. - -[610] _I.e._ the office of Master Shipwright with its emoluments. - -[611] 29 July 1590. - -[612] In the original this would be 'meipso'; myself. - - -II - -Petition of Shipwrights for Incorporation (?) 1578 - -(_No signatures or date_) - -[=S.P. Dom., Eliz., ccxxvii. 63=] - -To the right honourable the Lords of her Majesty's most honourable -Privy Council. - -In most humble and reverent wise do complain unto your honours as -well the M^r. Shipwrights of her Majesty's Ships, as also all other -of the same art, that take charge over any of that faculty, be it in -ships, boats, barges, or any such like vessels, both appertaining -to her Majesty or her Highness' subjects, specially within the -liberty of the Thames and other places near adjoining to the same. -In the which place, as all kind of vessels are greatly increased, so -are the artificers likewise augmented, only in number, but less in -skill, whereby such as do use them are not only deceived but also -the work greatly endangered. Besides their manners are mutinous even -in her Majesty's service, and their exactions intolerable amongst -her Majesty's subjects. These and many other enormities, which daily -increase to the great grief of many her Majesty's good and honest -subjects, may bring the art to a ruinous state. - -In tender consideration of the premises we humbly pray your Honours -to be a mean unto her Highness that a Corporation may be granted in -such reasonable form as her Majesty's learned Council shall allow -of, and be thought meet for us; whereby her Majesty in her own Navy -shall be more safely and dutifully served, the whole State through -the Realm better furnished, and we daily bound to pray to Almighty -God both for her Majesty and your Honours' most happy and prosperous -estate. - - -III - -Charter to Shipwrights, 22nd April 1605. - -[=Pat. Roll. 1684=] - -[_Parts in italics abbreviated to save space_] - -James &c. To all to whom these presents shall come greeting. Whereas -we are credibly informed as well by our right trusty and well-beloved -cousin and councillor Charles Earl of Nottingham, High Admiral -of England and Captain General of our Navy Royal as also by our -principal officers of our said Navy how slenderly and deceitfully -as well our own ships and barges as also other ships boats pinnaces -and like vessels of our merchants and other our subjects used in -continual service and traffic are made and wrought to the great loss -danger and prejudice of us and our said subjects and also of the -great and wasteful charge and expense which we do from time to time -bear and sustain in building and repairing our own ships and pinnaces -which are and have been the chiefest and greatest defence of this -our Realm from the assaults of such enemies as have practised the -overthrow of the same. We weighing the manifold dangers losses and -hindrances which may and are likely more and more to ensue thereof if -speedy remedy be not therefore had and provided, and to the end that -the fittest and ablest shipwrights and workmen may from time to time -as cause shall require be made known unto our principal officers of -our Navy and to be employed for wages for the building repairing and -making of our own ships and pinnaces as also may have the oversight -of all such other workmen as shall from time to time be employed or -shall intermeddle in building of other ships pinnaces or vessels for -other our merchants and subjects for the further more better and -continual service of us our Realm and subjects. Know ye therefore -that we intending to provide for the better strengthening of this -our Realm with shipping for the defence and service thereof and to -the intent that as well our self as also our merchants and other our -subjects may from time to time hereafter be furnished stored and -supplied with skilful shipwrights and workmen of that kind to work -upon our Navy and other ships and vessels for the better suppressing -of deceits and other abuses which may hereafter be practised by -divers persons which shall take upon them without sufficient skill -and knowledge to make or repair ships pinnaces and other vessels -to the great danger and hindrance as well of our self as of divers -other our loving subjects, of our special grace certain knowledge -and mere motion have given granted constituted and ordained and by -these presents for us our heirs and successors do grant constitute -and ordain that all and every person and persons being shipwrights -or carpenters using the Art or Mystery of building and making of -ships within this our Realm of England and Dominion of Wales shall -be from henceforth forever one body corporate and body politic in -matter deed and name by the name of Master, Wardens and Commonalty -of the Art or Mystery of Shipwrights of England.... [_To be_] one -Master and four Wardens and twelve Assistants ... do assign name -ordain and constitute our well-beloved subject Mathew Baker our -servant and ancientest Master Shipwright to be the first Master ... -Joseph Pett and William Bright two other of our Master Shipwrights, -Edward Stephens of Limehouse and Nicholas Symonson of Ratcliffe in -the county of Middlesex Shipwrights to be the first four Wardens.... -John Adye of Deptford in our county of Kent, Phineas Pett of Chatham -in our county of Kent, John Apslyn of our said town and county, Peter -Pett of Wapping in our county of Middlesex, Nicholas Cley of Redriff -in our county of Surrey, Thomas Cole of Woodbridge in our county -of Suffolk, Robert Wilkinson of Ipswich in our county of Suffolk, -James Russell of Southwark in our said county of Surrey, John Head -of our City of Bristol, Esau Whitehead of our town of Southampton -in our county of Southampton, Thomas Dymocke of Horsey Downe[613] -in our said county of Surrey and Thomas Pryme of Yarmouth in our -county of Norfolk, Shipwrights, to be the first and present twelve -Assistants.... - -[_Power to hold and dispose of real property; to plead and defend in -any Court; to have a common seal._] - -[_To meet in a_] convenient house or hall for their use to be by them -provided within the City of London or Suburbs[614] of the same or -within five miles of the said City ... Nicholas Rabye Gent. to be the -first and present Clerk.... - -[_Power to meet in their hall and_] to entreat consult determine -constitute ordain and make any Constitutions Statutes Laws Ordinances -Articles and Orders whatsoever ... touching or concerning the good -estate rule order and good government of the said Master Wardens -and Commonalty ... and in what Order and manner the said Master -Wardens and Commonalty ... and all other person and persons using -the said art or mystery within this Realm of England or Dominion -of Wales shall demean and behave themselves [_with power to punish -offenders.... Power to_] view search and survey all and every the -Works and Workmanship of all and every person or persons whatsoever -making working or building or which hereafter shall make work or -build any manner of ships, pinnaces or other vessels and all manner -of timber and wood appointed provided and fitted for the building -of ships ... [_Ships found to be_] falsely and deceitfully and -untruly made wrought and builded [_timber, wood, &c. to be put in -safe custody and complaint made to Justices of Peace.... Power to_] -buy and provide in any the places beyond the seas all such timber -planks masts deals spars and wood and also all pitch, tar, rosin and -oil as they shall think necessary and convenient for the building -or repairing of ships pinnaces or other vessels [_and bring same -to England or Wales on payment of custom and other duties. Since -the Master Wardens and Commonalty_] are to be as occasion shall be -offered employed and attendant upon the Navigation of Us [etc., _the -said Master Wardens and Commonalty shall not_] be enforced put placed -or impannelled in or upon any Assises Juries Inquests or Attaints -whatsoever [_nor_] be pressed or enforced to serve ... as land -soldiers.... - -[_Power to elect Beadles to gather fines penalties &c. and distrain. -Power to hold land, tithes &c._] - -Witness ourself at Westminster the two and twentieth day of April. - - By writ of Privy Seal. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[613] Horsleydown, below the Tower, on the opposite shore. - -[614] MS. 'Subberbes.' - - -IV - -Charter to Shipwrights, 6th May 1612 - -[=Pat. Roll 1951=] - -[_The first nineteen lines as in the Charter of 1605._] - -... if speedy remedy be not therefore had and provided, and intending -to provide for the strengthening of these our Kingdoms and Dominions -with sufficient shipping for defence and service thereof, and to -the intent that as well ourself might from time to time be furnished -stored and supplied with the fittest and ablest shipwrights and -workmen for the building making and repairing of our own ships -pinnaces and other vessels as also that our merchants and other our -subjects might also in their works and buildings from time to time -be stored and supplied with skilful and sufficient shipwrights and -workmen, and for the better suppressing of deceits and abuses of -divers persons which should take upon them without sufficient skill -and knowledge to make or repair any ships boats pinnaces or other -vessels, to the great danger and hindrance as well of ourself as of -divers other our loving subjects, We did by our letters patent under -the great seal of England bearing date the two and twentieth day of -April in the years of our reign of England France and Ireland the -third and of Scotland the eight and thirtieth incorporate the Company -of Shipwrights and the persons being shipwrights or carpenters using -the art or mystery of building and making of ships within our realm -of England and Dominion of Wales by the name of Master Wardens and -Commonalty of the art or mystery of Shipwrights of England, and -did grant unto them by our said charter or letters patent divers -privileges liberties and immunities mentioned and contained in the -said letters patent tending to the reformation of the said abuses -and deceits. And whereas divers defects and imperfections have -been since by experience found to be in the said charter as well -in the extent thereof to what persons it should extend as also in -the want of sufficient authority and means to govern and order the -said corporation and the men and members thereof and the affairs -of the same and the shipwrights workmen apprentices and servants -using the said art and for want of power and means to reform prevent -order and correct many contempts misdemeanours deceits and offences -in the said art or mystery and the matters and things thereunto -appertaining and to punish stubborn obstinate and disobedient persons -of that profession, whereby great and manifold errors deceits and -inconveniences are still practised and continued to the great -hindrance of the navigation of this Kingdom the often loss and -hazard of men's lives and goods and the special prejudice of our -own service and the Commonwealth, know ye that we for reformation -amendment and supply of the defects and imperfections aforesaid -and for redress of the said great and manifold errors enormities -deceits and inconveniences, at the humble petition of the said Master -Wardens and Commonalty, and for the great desire we have that good -and convenient laws orders and ordinances should be established and -used in and about the said Corporation and Company and the said -art and mystery, and for the advancement of the good estate of the -shipping and navigation of this Kingdom to the good service both of -ourself and the Commonwealth, have of our especial grace certain -knowledge and mere motion granted constituted and ordained, and by -these presents for us our heirs and successors do grant constitute -and ordain, that all and every person and persons being shipwrights -caulkers or ship-carpenters or in any sort using exercising -practising or professing the art trade skill or mystery of building -making trimming dressing graving launching winding drawing stocking -or repairing of ships carvels hoys pinnaces crayers ketches lighters -boats barges wherries or any other vessel or vessels whatsoever used -for navigation fishing or transportation within or about our realm -of England and Dominion of Wales or of making trimming or repairing -of masts tops pullies pumps for ships oars or any other instruments -or appurtenances of wood thereunto belonging or any other carpentry -work whatsoever belonging to or used occupied or employed in or about -any ships pinnaces or other vessel or vessels above mentioned or in -any sort appertaining to shipping sailing rowing stocking launching -or navigation shall from henceforth for ever be and shall be taken -and accompted to be one body corporate and politic in matter deed -and name by the name of Master Wardens and Commonalty of the art -or mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith in the County of Surrey and -them by the name of Master Wardens and Commonalty of the art or -mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith in the County of Surrey We do -for us our heirs and successors really fully and wholly erect make -ordain create incorporate constitute and declare by these presents -one body corporate and politic in matter deed and name. And ... the -said Master Wardens and Commonalty of the said art or mystery of -Shipwrights of Redrith aforesaid shall from henceforth have perpetual -succession, and ... shall be at all times hereafter a body corporate -and politic able and capable in deed and in law to have hold occupy -possess enjoy and retain all and singular usages customs liberties -privileges immunities jurisdictions franchises pre-eminences benefits -profits and commodities whatsoever to them heretofore granted or -belonging or hereafter to be granted or to be belonging or incident -requisite or fit to or for them or for such a corporation to have and -enjoy of what kind nature or quality soever they shall be to them and -their successors for ever. - -[_Power to hold and dispose of lands and other properties; to sue and -be sued; to have a common seal._] - -And further we will and for us our heirs and successors we do grant -by these presents, that from henceforth for ever there be and shall -be one Master three Wardens and sixteen Assistants of the said -corporation art or mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith aforesaid to be -constituted and chosen in such manner and form as hereafter in these -presents is expressed and specified. And for the better execution -of the premises and also for the good rule and government of the -Master Wardens and Commonalty of the art or mystery of Shipwrights -aforesaid from time to time forever we have assigned named ordained -and constituted ... our well-beloved subject Phineas Pett our servant -and ancient Master Shipwright to be the first Master of the said -art or mystery of Shipwrights, willing that the said Phineas Pett -be and shall continue Master of the said art or mystery from the -day of the date of these presents until the morrow after the Feast -of Saint Bartholomew the Apostle now next ensuing and then and from -thenceforth until some other meet and sufficient man of the said art -or mystery of Shipwrights aforesaid be elected and sworn to execute -the said office of Master of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights -of Redrith aforesaid according to the ordinances and provisions in -these presents expressed and limited, if the said Phineas Pett shall -so long live, unless the said Phineas Pett shall happen in the mean -time for some misgovernment or other just cause to be removed, whom -for such just cause we will and ordain to be removable according -to the form herein expressed. And also we have assigned ordained -named and constituted ... our well-beloved subjects William Burrell -Nicholas Simonson and Thomas Dymock three other shipwrights to -be the first three Wardens of the art or mystery of Shipwrights -aforesaid.... And moreover for the better assistance and counsel -of the said Master and Wardens in and about the execution of their -several offices, we have assigned named ordained and constituted -... our well-beloved subjects Mathew Baker William Bright Edward -Stephens Nicholas Clay John Apslyn Peter Pett Thomas Jenkins John -Graves Robert Bourne James Marsh William Hedger Thomas Wells William -Picks John May Edmond Jordon and Richard Watford to be the first -and present sixteen Assistants of the said art or mystery, willing -that they the said [_names as before_] and all other assistants of -the said art or mystery for the time being shall be and continue -Assistants of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith -aforesaid for and during their natural lives and shall from time to -time be aiding counselling and assisting unto the said Master and -Wardens for the better government rule and direction of the said -Master Wardens and Commonalty of the said art or mystery and every -member thereof, unless they or any of them shall be removed from the -said place of assistant or assistants for some misdemeanour or other -just cause, whom for such just cause we likewise will and ordain to -be removable according to the form herein also expressed. And for the -better establishment of this our good intention and purpose and for -the perpetual and constant continuance direction rule and government -of the whole body of the said art or mystery and every member thereof -we will and ordain that on the morrow next after the said Feast of -Saint Bartholomew the Apostle yearly hereafter the Master Wardens -and Assistants of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights aforesaid -for the time being or the greater part of them for that intent and -purpose to be assembled at or in their common house or hall shall -elect choose and nominate one person who hath formerly been Warden of -the said art or mystery to be Master of the said art or mystery for -the next year then following, and shall at the same time and place -elect choose and nominate out of the said Assistants three that shall -likewise be Wardens of the said art or mystery, which said Master and -Wardens so as aforesaid nominated elected and chosen shall be and -continue Master and Wardens of the said art or mystery unto the end -and term of one whole year then next ensuing and further until some -other Master and Wardens shall be respectively elected and preferred -and chosen thereunto, they and every of them first taking a corporal -oath upon the Holy Evangelist before the Master and Wardens being -their last predecessors or any two of them or before the assistants -of the said corporation art or mystery or the greatest part of them -for the due execution of their several offices respectively, and -also the oath commonly called the Oath of Supremacy, which oaths we -do by these presents give power and authority to the said Master -and Wardens for the time being or any two of them or to the said -Assistants or the greater part of them to minister and take of the -said person or persons so elected accordingly, and then every such -Master Warden and Wardens so removed shall then instantly be chosen -and elected to be Assistant or Assistants and so to remain Assistant -or Assistants in the room and place of him or them that shall be so -chosen out of the said Assistants to be Master Warden or Wardens, -first taking his or their corporal oath or oaths.... - -[_Power to majorities to remove Master, Wardens, or Assistants for -misdemeanour and elect others in vacancies caused by removal or -death._] - -[_Fine not exceeding_ 10_l._ _for refusing or neglecting the office -of Master or Warden, or not exceeding 20 nobles in case of the office -of Assistants._] - -And ... there shall or may be from henceforth for ever in all and -every convenient and needful place and places of our kingdom of -England and dominion of Wales one or more honest sufficient and -skilful person or persons of the said art or mystery which shall be -and shall be called the deputy or deputies of the Master Wardens -and Assistants of the said Corporation art or mystery, to be from -time to time hereafter elected nominated and appointed by the said -Master Wardens and Assistants or four of them, whereof the Master -and one of the Wardens of the said corporation art or mystery for -the time being to be always two, and to continue in the place or -places of deputy or deputies of the Master Wardens and Assistants -of the said corporation art or mystery for the time being from the -time of their said election for the space of one whole year next -ensuing or until he be for some just cause removed and some other of -the said corporation art or mystery be elected nominated and sworn -to the said office or place of deputy or deputies according to the -true intent and meaning of these presents.... And we will ordain -and command that every person that shall be from henceforth named -and chosen to be deputy or deputies to the said Master Wardens and -Assistants during the time that he or they or any of them shall -continue in his or their office or offices place or places of -deputyship do and shall from time to time employ the uttermost of -his and their endeavours abilities and skill in the due execution -of this our charter and letters patent and of every branch article -and thing therein contained and of all good and wholesome laws -orders and ordinances which at any time hereafter shall be made -and constituted by the said Master Wardens and Assistants in every -respect according to the true intent and meaning of the same and of -these presents, and in all other causes matters and things concerning -the good and welfare of the said art and mystery, and that they the -said deputies for the time being and every of them shall be from -time to time accomptable to the said Master Wardens and Commonalty -and their successors for all sums of money profits and commodities -by them or any of them to be collected or received by reason or in -respect of his said office or offices place or places of deputy or -deputies, and shall further before he or they execute or undertake -the same office or place of deputy or deputies take a corporal oath -... for the true and due execution of the said office and place, and -also the oath commonly called the Oath of Supremacy.... And ... if -any person or persons so named or elected to be deputy or deputies -to the Master Wardens and Assistants of the said corporation art or -mystery for the time being as aforesaid shall accept the same office -and deputation and then after shall wilfully and obstinately without -good and just cause or excuse refuse to attend or execute the same, -so as no person so nominated be compelled against his will to hold -such place of deputation above the space of two years together, -that then the said Master Wardens and Assistants or the more part -of them shall or may impose upon every such person so refusing to -exercise the said office or place after such acceptance thereof as -aforesaid a reasonable fine not exceeding twenty nobles, to be levied -and paid to the use of the said corporation. And further we will -and by these presents ... do grant unto the said Master Wardens and -Commonalty and their successors that they ... and their successors -shall and may have take and entertain one honest and discreet -person in manner and form hereafter in these presents expressed to -be nominated and chosen which shall be and be called the Clerk of -the said corporation art or mystery of Shipwrights. And we have -assigned made constituted named and ordained ... our well-beloved -subject and servant Richard Newman gent. to be the present Clerk -of the said corporation art or mystery, to be and continue in the -said office during the term of his natural life, unless he for some -misdemeanour shall be removed or dismissed or shall surrender the -same ... [_with power to company to choose successor_]. [_Power to_] -name and appoint any other inferior Officers Ministers and Members -as shall be needful and expedient in to or for the said corporation -art or mystery or the good government and affairs thereof [_and to -remove them_]. [_Power to_] admit receive and take in whatsoever -person or persons being our natural born subjects as well within -this our realm of England as in other our Dominions and places being -under our obeisance and not otherwise which would be and are or -shall be willing and desirous to be of the said corporation as a -member or members thereof, and that all and every person and persons -so to be admitted received and taken in by the said Master Wardens -and Assistants or the more part of them shall from the time of his -or their admission be called and accompted a brother and member or -freeman of the said Corporation in deed and in name ... [_and power -to remove them_]. And to the intent that as well our self our heirs -and successors as also all our merchants and other our subjects may -from time to time hereafter be better furnished stored and supplied -with cunning skilful and sufficient Shipwrights and workmen of that -kind for the making building and repairing of ships pinnaces and -other vessels, and for the avoiding suppressing or preventing as -much as in us lieth of the manifold abuses and deceits therein daily -practised and committed by such persons as are altogether unskilful, -having never been trained or brought up as apprentices in the said -art or mystery according to the laws and statutes of this our realm -of England, we do therefore ... will and grant to the said Master -Wardens and Commonalty of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights of -Redrith and to their successors forever that every Freeman of the -said company shall and may from time to time hereafter have take and -keep one or more apprentice or apprentices to be trained and brought -up under him in the said trade art or mystery of Shipwright, and -that every such apprentice shall be by covenants bound by and to -his master that shall entertain him as aforesaid duly and truly to -serve him as his apprentice for and during the full space and term of -seven years at the least, and to be ordered and used to all intents -and purposes according to the custom of the city of London, and that -the same covenant of apprenticeship be made by writing indented -and registered or enrolled at their common hall before themselves -in their said corporation by their Clerk or his sufficient deputy -or deputies for the time being, and that such enrolment shall be -good and effectual in the law to all intents and purposes against -us our heirs and successors and against all other person or persons -whatsoever, any law statute custom or usage to the contrary in any -wise notwithstanding. Willing and by these presents for us our heirs -and successors straitly charging and commanding that no shipwright -caulker or ship-carpenter or any other being a Freeman of the said -company and using exercising practising or professing the said trade -skill art or mystery of building making trimming dressing graving -launching drawing stocking or repairing of any ships pinnaces or -other vessel or vessels whatsoever for navigation or traffic shall -or may at any time or times hereafter receive have entertain or -keep any apprentice or other servant being not already free of the -said Corporation or not having served with some other shipwright in -the same trade, to be used exercised trained or brought up under -him in the said trade art or mystery as aforesaid except he first -cause every such his servant or apprentice to be bound unto him by -indenture for the said term of seven years at the least or for so -many years as together with the years which he hath served in the -said trade as aforesaid shall make up the number of seven years, -and do likewise cause his said indenture of apprenticeship to be -registered or enrolled before the Clerk of the Company or his deputy -for the time being as aforesaid within one month next after the -taking thereof, upon pain of our heavy displeasure and of such fine -or other punishment as by the laws and statutes of this realm or by -the laws and ordinances already made or hereafter to be made by the -said Master Wardens and Assistants of the said art or mystery for -the time being or the greater part of them according to the true -intent and meaning hereof shall or may be inflicted upon him or -them that shall offend therein. [_Power to_] assemble convocate and -congregate themselves together at or in their common hall or house -being now at Redrith in the County of Surrey or in any other place -or places for the same convenient, and then and there to keep Courts -and consultation for the said corporation art or mystery and the -affairs thereof, and the perquisites issues and profits of the said -Court or Courts so to be held and kept to leave take and perceive to -and for the use of the said Corporation for the better maintenance -and preservation thereof, without any accompt to be made or rendered -to us our heirs or successors in that behalf. [_And power_] then -and there to treat consult commune determine and agree amongst -themselves or with any other person or persons whatsoever, of upon -and concerning the good estate benefit conversation and wholesome -rule government and ordering of the said Corporation art or mystery -and the men apprentices workmen workmanship and all other the affairs -and things to the same belonging or thereupon in any wise depending, -and at in and upon such their assemblies meetings and conferences -to make ordain and constitute such and so many good wholesome and -reasonable laws statutes articles constitutions orders and ordinances -whatsoever as to them or the greater part of them being then and -there present, whereof the Master and one of the Wardens for the -time being to be always two, shall seem reasonable necessary meet -and convenient for touching or concerning the premises, and for the -better advancement performance and continuance of the same, and -also for the better directing how and in what order and manner the -said Master Wardens and Commonalty and all other person and persons -using the said art or mystery within our said realm of England or -Dominion of Wales shall demean and behave themselves as well in all -and singular matters and things touching or concerning the said art -or mystery or any thing thereunto appertaining as also in their -several offices functions ministries and businesses touching or -concerning the said art or mystery as aforesaid, and the same laws -orders articles and constitutions so made or any of them to put in -use and execute accordingly, and at their will again to revoke alter -or change when and as often as occasion shall thereto require. [_The -Regulations, &c., when_] entered and registered in some public book -to be kept for that purpose ... shall be holden as laws ordinances -and statutes amongst them to be put in use and execution, and shall -bind all persons of the said Corporation art or mystery and all -shipwrights and workmen of that profession in any place port haven -or town within our said realm of England and dominion of Wales, as -well the subjects of the same our realm and dominions as strangers -and aliens for and during the time of their being in or upon any -part of our said realm coasts or dominions or any creeks or harbours -of the same, to observe obey and perform the same from time to time -in all things as the same ought to be, upon the pains penalties and -punishments in the same to be imposed inflicted and limited so always -as the said laws statutes articles orders ordinances pains penalties -and punishments and every of them be agreeable to reason and justice -and not contrary or repugnant to the laws statutes rights or customs -of this our realm of England, nor derogatory to the jurisdictions -and pre-eminences of the Lord High Admiral of England for the -time being or to the Court of Admiralty of England or the Judges -Register or Marshall of that Court for the time being or any of them. -[_Power to impose_] pains penalties punishments fines amercements -and forfeitures ... and for default of payment ... to distrain the -goods and chattels of such offender and the same to keep till they -shall be satisfied or otherwise to bring their action for the same -according to law. And ... all and singular fines forfeitures sum and -sums of money whatsoever due or hereafter to be due and received by -reason of the said decrees orders or ordinances shall be to the use -commodity and sole benefit and behoof of the said Corporation without -any accompt or other thing therefore to us our heirs or successors -to be yielded paid rendered made or done in that behalf, and without -any let trouble molestation or interruption of any person or persons -whatsoever for the same. [_Powers_] by writing under their common -seal ... to ask levy have receive and take in all and every place -and places within our said realm of England and Dominion of Wales as -well of every Master Workman Shipwright or other person or persons -that shall hereafter make or build or cause to be made or built any -new ship or ships vessel or vessels of the burthen of one hundred -ton or more or less all and singular such profits dues duties fees -allowances sum and sums of money whatsoever after such rate and in -such manner and form as at any time or times heretofore themselves or -their predecessors by any name or names of corporation by under or by -force and virtue of any former charter or letters patent by them or -any of them given or granted or by any other lawful and reasonable -way or means have or ought to have received had taken or enjoyed the -same by way of tonnage quarterage poundage or otherwise, and also -all and every such fines amercements penalties sum and sums of money -as shall be by force and virtue of these our letters patent or any -their laws orders ordinances statutes or jurisdictions already made -or hereafter to be made for the good government of the said company -assessed or imposed upon any person or persons whatsoever ... [_and_] -to enter and distrain any the goods and chattels of the person or -persons so offending denying or withholding the same in any place -or places whatsoever where the same goods and chattels or any of -them shall or may be found ... and ... to sue for and recover the -same dues duties allowances fines amercements penalties impositions -sum and sums of money in any of our Court or Courts of Record.... -And to the end that the secret of the said art or mystery and the -manner of our English building and new making of ships pinnaces and -other vessels should for more strength and safety of our realms and -kingdoms be kept secret to and within ourselves and our said realms -and dominions and altogether unknown to aliens and strangers of other -Nations, our will and pleasure is and we do by these presents for us -our heirs and successors straitly charge and command that no person -or persons whatsoever of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights do -at any time or times hereafter directly or indirectly by any ways -or means whatsoever presume or attempt to discover or make known -to any foreigner or stranger not being a natural born subject of -us our heirs or successors or not being naturalised or indenized -nor to any other person or persons not being free and sworn of and -to the said Corporation nor being a servant or apprentice to the -said art or mystery the secrets of the said trade art or mystery or -the special manner of our English building or new making of ships -pinnaces or other vessels as aforesaid, nor do take any alien or -stranger born being not naturalised or indenized to be his or their -apprentice or servant, upon pain of our high displeasure and of -such further punishment as by the laws and statutes of this realm -or the ordinances and laws so made or to be made by the said Master -Wardens and Assistants or the greater part of them as aforesaid -can or may be inflicted upon such offender or offenders for the -same. And to the end our will and pleasure herein may be the better -observed and performed and the offender punished we do further by -these presents give and grant [_power to_] impose upon every such -offender a reasonable fine according to the quality of his offence -at the discretion of the said Master Wardens and Assistants or the -more part of them, the same fine to be forfeited and paid by the -person or persons so offending to the sole benefit use and behoof of -the said Corporation for the better maintenance and upholding of the -same and relieving of the poor of the said Corporation. [_Power_] to -examine and punish by fine or such other correction as the quality -of the offence shall deserve and require every person which shall -unlawfully depart or go away from his work after he hath been hired -or agreed withal for wages before the time or times of his retainer -or retainers be expired, or shall be found to grow mutinous stubborn -or disobedient or in any way a provoker seducer or enticer of any -other to any mutiny or disobedience to the hurt injury or likelihood -of hurt or injury of the said Corporation or of the good government -and order therein or of any service whatsoever, and also to examine -hear and order all and every the complaints of or against any -shipwright or other workmen of the said Corporation art or profession -or of or against any of his or their journeymen apprentices or -servants. And of our more ample grace certain knowledge and mere -motion and for the better suppressing and reformation of the deceits -and abuses first above mentioned [_power given_] to and for the -said Master and Wardens or any two of them for the time being and -also to and for any two of the said Assistants or other two persons -being skilful or which hereafter shall be skilful in the said art or -mystery being thereunto deputed and authorised by writing under the -common seal of the said Master Wardens and Commonalty, first taking -his or their corporal oath or oaths upon the Evangelist ... for the -due execution of their said offices or places ... at all convenient -time or times, taking with them if need so require a constable or any -other his Majesty's officer or officers of the city town or place, -to search view and survey all manner of timber wood and other stuff -provided prepared and fitted for the building making or repairing of -any ships pinnaces or other vessels in any place or places whatsoever -within our realm of England and dominion of Wales or in either of -them, and also to search view and survey all and every the works -and workmanship of all and every person and persons whatsoever in -making working building or repairing ... any manner of ships pinnaces -boats or other vessels whatsoever within our said realm of England -and dominion of Wales or either of them, and that it shall and may -be lawful to and for the said Master and Wardens or any two of them -or their deputies so authorised as aforesaid all and singular ships -pinnaces boats and other vessels hereafter to be built to view search -and survey, and such of them whereof the timber work at the time -of such search shall not be fully finished and which at the time -of such search view or survey so to be made as aforesaid shall be -found to be so insufficiently falsely and deceitfully made wrought -or repaired as they must needs be by that means dangerous to such as -shall use or employ them, to arrest and stay until the same shall -be reformed amended repaired and made fit for navigation. And our -further will and pleasure is that if the said persons before by these -presents authorised to make such search as aforesaid or any of them -shall happen to find any sappy wood red wood or other insufficient -wood or timber to be put into any ships pinnaces or other vessels -or hewn wrought and fitted for that purpose, that then the said -persons or any of them shall forthwith charge and warn the makers -or owners of such ships pinnaces or other vessels forthwith to take -away the said sappy wood red wood and other insufficient wood and -timber and to supply the same with other sufficient timber and wood. -And if within convenient time after such charge and warning given -as is aforesaid the said sappy wood red wood and other insufficient -wood and timber be not taken away and the same supplied with other -good and sufficient timber and wood as is aforesaid, that then it -shall and may be lawful to and for the said Master and Wardens or -any two of them or any two of the said Assistants or any such deputy -or deputies as aforesaid to take and deface all such sappy wood and -red wood and all and singular such other timber and wood which upon -any such search and view and after convenient admonition and warning -given to take the same away and to supply it with better and more -sufficient wood and timber they shall find to be put in or apparently -intended to be put into any ship pinnace or other vessel or hewn -and cut out or wrought for that purpose, manifestly tending to the -prejudice and damage of us our heirs and successors or of any other -our loving subjects merchants and mariners whose goods and lives are -hazarded and often lost by reason of such ill stuff, the use of all -which sappy and red wood and other insufficient stuff we do hereby -for us our heirs and successors straitly prohibit and restrain to be -used or employed in any sort in or upon any ship or other vessel. -[_Power_] to impose and inflict such punishment upon every offender -in that behalf either by fine or imprisonment or both of them as -by the laws or statutes of this realm or by any laws or ordinances -to be made by the said Corporation as is aforesaid shall or may be -imposed or inflicted upon them for their offences in that behalf or -otherwise that the said Master and Wardens or any two of them or -such other person or persons so authorised as aforesaid and which -upon such search shall find any of the deceits and abuses aforesaid -shall complain thereof to some Justice or Justices of Peace within -that place or county where such deceits and abuses shall be found. -And we do ... straitly charge and command all and every our Justice -and Justices of the Peace whatsoever to whom any such complaint or -complaints shall so be made as is aforesaid that they and every of -them shall by all good and lawful ways and means examine and find out -the truth of the said complaints abuses and deceits, and if upon due -examination thereof they shall find that any such abuses and deceits -have been committed as aforesaid, that then they cause the party or -parties so offending to be indicted or otherwise punished for such -his and their abuses and deceits either before our Justices of Peace -in the county where the same abuses and deceits shall be committed -and found at their Sessions of the Peace or before the Justices of -Assize of the same county or before any other lawful judge or judges, -to the end that the said person or persons so offending may receive -such condign punishment as by the laws and statutes of this realm -can or may be inflicted upon him or them for his or their offence -or offences in that behalf. And ... we do ... straitly charge and -command the said Master Wardens and Assistants of the said art or -mystery and their successors for the time being that once in every -month at the least such search be made as is aforesaid, and that -the authority hereby in that behalf to them given be put in due -execution without any respect of persons or partiality whatsoever. -Provided always nevertheless and our will and pleasure is that -neither the Master nor Wardens of the said art or mystery for the -time being or any their deputy or deputies so authorised to search -as is aforesaid shall not by colour of these letters patent meddle -with or do anything to the hindrance stay or prevention of any ship -pinnace or other vessel that is or shall be at the time of such -their search as aforesaid ready to go forth for an intended voyage -or journey or the master owner mariners sailors or other officers of -the same, any thing in these presents to the contrary thereof in any -wise notwithstanding. [_Power_] to buy and provide in any the places -beyond the Seas all such timber planks masts deals spars and wood -and wooden stuff and also all pitch tar rosin and oil as they shall -think necessary and convenient for the building or repairing graving -or fitting of ships pinnaces or other vessels, and the same so bought -and provided shall and may from time to time for ever hereafter bring -or cause to be brought into this our realm of England and dominion of -Wales or any part or place thereof and the same discharge and lay on -land, paying to us our heirs and successors the full Custom poundage -and other duties due or which hereafter shall be due to us our heirs -or successors any law statute custom proclamation or any other matter -cause or thing to the contrary notwithstanding. And whereas for the -better maintenance of navigation and encouragement of our loving -subjects to increase shipping within this our realm there is and hath -been of ancient time an allowance given by us and our predecessors -of five shillings sterling for every ton of any new builded ship -to be rated according to the burthen of the said ship did contain -in burthen one hundred tons or upwards in ton and tonnage, which -laudable custom we being pleased to continue, and finding it -also convenient as well for the avoiding of abuses that might be -offered in rating and setting down the tonnage of the said ships -and otherwise as also that the builder might have his right and due -allowance of tonnage, to appoint some person or persons of knowledge -and experience for the surveying and overseeing of the true rates and -tonnage in that behalf, we did by our letters patent under our great -seal of England bearing date the four and twentieth day of April in -the third year of our reign give and grant to John Grent gent. for -and during his natural life the office and place of surveyor of the -tonnage and burthen of all new builded ships of the burthen above -mentioned or upwards from time to time within this our realm of -England, together with the wages and fee of twelve pence by the day -of lawful money of England for the exercising of the said office or -place, together with all and singular other fees profits commodities -and allowances whatsoever to the same place or office in any wise due -incident or appertaining, with a proviso or clause therein contained -that the said John Grent in the rating and setting down of the -tonnage and burden of the said new builded ships from time to time -should use the advice and assistance of one of our shipwrights to -be nominated and appointed by our High Admiral of England for the -time being, and that all and every such bill of tonnage as should be -presented to us to be signed for the said allowance of five shillings -upon every ton of the burden of the said ship should be first allowed -under the hand of the said surveyor and signed by the said Admiral or -his deputy for the time being as hath been accustomed. And whereas -by our letters patent bearing date the eight and twentieth day of -January in the fourth year of our reign we did grant or mention to -grant unto Humfrey Jobson gent. for and during his natural life the -reversion of the said office or place of surveyor of the tonnage -and burden of all new builded ships of the burden of one hundred -ton above mentioned or upwards from time to time within our realm -of England next after the death forfeiture or surrender of the said -John Grent, together with the wages and fee of twelve pence a day -for the exercising of the said office and place and all and singular -other fees profits commodities and allowances whatsoever to the same -place or office in any wise due incident or appertaining, as in and -by the said two several letters patent more at large appeareth, and -whereas of late we have been much wronged defrauded and abused in -that sundry of the said ships for want of exact viewing surveying and -measuring have been overrated in their burden and tonnage, whereby -we have been charged with the payment of a greater allowance than in -truth we ought to have been, know ye therefore that we reposing a -special trust and confidence in the faithfulness experience care and -honest and true circumspection of the Master Wardens and Commonalty -of the said art or mystery of Shipwrights, and to the end that we -our heirs and successors may not at any time from henceforth in like -sort be defrauded wronged or abused, do of our especial grace certain -knowledge and mere motion give and grant to the said Master Wardens -and Commonalty and to their successors for ever the office function -and place of surveyor of the tonnage and burden of all new builded -ships of the burden of one hundred ton above mentioned or upwards -from time to time within this our realm of England, together with -the said wages and fee of twelve pence by the day and all other fees -profits commodities and allowances whatsoever to the said office or -place in any wise due belonging incident or appertaining. And them -the said Master Wardens and Commonalty and their successors we do by -these presents for us our heirs and successors nominate ordain make -and appoint surveyors of the tonnage and burden of all new builded -ships from time to time within this our realm of England and dominion -of Wales, to have hold exercise and enjoy the said office function -and place and also to have receive and perceive the said wages and -fee of twelve pence by the day immediately when and from and after -such time as the estate and interest estates and interests granted -or mentioned to be granted to the said John Grent and Humfrey Jobson -respectively by death surrender forfeiture or other occasion cause -or means whatsoever is are or shall be void ended or determined. And -whensoever the said office or place shall first happen or become void -unto the said Master Wardens and Commonalty and to their successors -forever, and for the better and more exact examination judging and -finding out from henceforth of the true burden and tonnage of every -ship and vessel that is or shall be capable of or intended to have -or require the said allowance, we do hereby for us our heirs and -successors ordain decree grant limit and appoint and also straitly -charge and command the said Master and Wardens for the time being -by themselves or their deputies being honest skilful and sufficient -persons as well to go on board every such ship and vessel and there -to view and discern whether she be sufficiently and substantially -built as is fit and required in that behalf, that is to say with -two orlops at convenient distances strong to carry ordnance aloft -and alow with her forecastle and half deck close for fight, as also -to cause every such ship and vessel to be brought on ground and by -from and according to an exact measure taken of her length breadth -depth and draught in water so to rate and set down the true burden -and tonnage thereof and to certify the same by letters testimonial -under the common seal of the said Corporation and the hands of the -said Master and Wardens of the said art or mystery for the time being -as they will ever after be ready upon their oaths and allegiance to -approve the same. And our will and pleasure is and we do by these -presents for us our heirs and successors straitly prohibit charge -and command that no person or persons whatsoever shall or may at any -time or times hereafter be capable of or presume to take receive and -demand the said allowance of five shillings a ton as aforesaid until -such due measuring rating and certificate be first had and made as -aforesaid, willing and requiring as well our Lord High Treasurer -and Lord High Admiral of England and our Treasurer and Chancellor -of our Exchequer as also the said John Grent and Humfrey Jobson and -all other persons whom it may concern to take notice of our will -and pleasure in this behalf, any former grant provision limitation -custom or usage to the contrary hereof in any wise notwithstanding. -And moreover for the better maintaining strengthening and upholding -of the said Corporation and the suppressing and reforming as well -of the manifold errors deceits and abuses practised in the said -profession art and mystery as also of the disorders and misdemeanours -of divers wilful stubborn and disobedient persons of the said -profession art or mystery, which can very hardly by any other means -be redressed restrained or reformed, and for the better continuing -settling and establishing of good order discipline and government -amongst them for the especial of our own service and the general -benefit of all our loving subjects as well merchants as others, we -do ... give and grant to the said Master Wardens and Commonalty -and their successors for ever by these presents that if any person -or persons now practising using or professing or which hereafter -shall practise use or profess the said art or mystery or any thing -thereunto appertaining shall wilfully or obstinately oppose or -resist the order rule and government of the said Master Wardens and -Assistants of the said art or mystery for the time being, or shall -refuse to obey or to submit him or themselves to this our charter -or letters patent and to such wholesome laws orders ordinances and -institutions as are or shall be made by force and virtue thereof as -aforesaid, tending to the good service of Us and our Commonwealth -and to the good estate and preservation of the said art or mystery, -or shall not well and honestly carry behave and demean him and -themselves towards the Master Wardens and Assistants of the said -art or mystery for the time being and their deputy or deputies or -other inferior officers respectively according to the true intent -and meaning of these presents, but after due and convenient warning -notice or admonition given to him or them in that behalf shall -still wilfully and obstinately persist persevere or continue in any -wilful stubborn obstinate or disobedient course tending to the hurt -and prejudice of us our heirs and successors or of any our loving -subjects or the order rule and government aforesaid, either by -insufficient negligent or deceitful working or not performing of his -or their duties or by purloining or embezzling of stuff, by unlawful -or disorderly departure from his or their work after he or they have -been hired, and such like, or shall do or commit any act or acts -directly or indirectly to the prejudice or hindrance of the said -Corporation or the good estate and proceedings thereof, either by -wilful absenting him or themselves from the common hall and meetings -upon due warning, or by denial of ordinary and just duties, or shall -by mutinies combinations conspiracies or any such like wicked and -unlawful course or practice persist or continue in the wilful breach -neglect or contempt of this our charter or any thing herein contained -or any law ordinance or institution made by force of these presents, -that then in all and every or any of these cases before mentioned -it shall and may be lawful to and for the said Master Wardens and -Assistants or any three of them, whereof the Master and one of the -Wardens to be always two, severally to correct and punish such -offender or offenders according to the quantity and quality of his -or their offence or offences according to the laws and ordinances of -the said Corporation and according to the laws and statutes of the -realm in that behalf respectively. And whereas the greatest number -of the workmen and other persons employed in the trades aforesaid -are so very poor needy and of mean condition as no pecuniary mulct -can take hold of them, and likewise so rude and disordered as no -ordinary or civil censure can move them to yield obedience to rule -or government, and therefore some sharp and severe correction and -restraint must necessarily be used towards them in many cases, -therefore our will and pleasure is and we do by these presents -will and ordain that if any person or persons now using or which -shall hereafter use or exercise within the said realm of England -or dominion of Wales the said art trade or mystery of Shipwrights -or other the works or trade aforesaid shall obstinately resist and -withstand the government of the said Master Wardens and Assistants -or their lawful deputy or deputies, and shall after admonition and -warning given unto them or any of them in that behalf wilfully -persist in such disobedient course either by deceitful working or by -unlawful departure from their work after they have been hired and -within the time or times of their retainer, or shall by combination -conspiracies or other unlawful practices seek to overthrow destroy -and bring into contempt the powers privileges and authorities by -these presents given and granted to the said Master Wardens and -Commonalty and their successors for the universal benefit and good -of our said realm dominion and subjects, that then or in such cases -the Lord Admiral of England for the time being upon complaint and -proof thereof made to him shall take the body or bodies of all and -every such notorious offenders and keep them under arrest until they -shall conform themselves and reform what they have done amiss as -aforesaid. And forasmuch as a great part of the said art or mystery -are continually for the most part employed and attendant upon the -service and navigation of us our heirs and successors, we therefore -... do will and grant ... that the said Master Wardens and Commonalty -or any of them or their or any of their successors shall not at any -time or times hereafter be informed put placed or impanelled in or -upon any assizes juries inquests or attaints whatsoever before any -judges justices or commissioners of us our heirs or successors out -of the cities towns boroughs parishes or places where they or any of -them do or shall happen to dwell, unless they have lands or tenements -lying out of the said cities towns boroughs parishes or places by -reason whereof they or any of them ought to be charged, nor shall at -any time be pressed or enforced to serve us our heirs or successors -as land soldiers, but do absolutely and freely discharge them and -every of them from any such service or attendance. And we do further -by these presents for us our heirs and successors straitly charge -and command all and every sheriffs bailiffs and other officers of us -our heirs and successors, that they and every of them do from time -to time forbear to put or impanel any of the said Master Wardens and -Commonalty or any their deputy or apprentices in or upon any such -juries or inquests as is aforesaid, contrary to our said meaning and -intent, upon pain of our displeasure and of such pains penalties -and imprisonments as by the laws of this our Realm can or may be -inflicted or imposed upon them or any of them for their contempt in -doing contrary to our royal pleasure and commandment in that behalf. -And whereas the Master Wardens and Commonalty of the said art and -mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith aforesaid and their and every of -their deputies and apprentices being continually for the most part -charged and chargeable to be ready and provided at an hour's warning -upon divers services and employments as well at the sea for the -necessary defence and safety of our realms and kingdoms and for the -use and employment of our merchants for continuance and increase -of trade and commerce with foreign nations for the benefit and -profit of us and our subjects, as also to give attendance within our -kingdoms for the new building repairing and trimming as well of the -ships pinnaces and vessels of us our heirs and successors as of the -ships pinnaces and vessels of our merchants and subjects, therefore -our will and pleasure is that if it shall happen the said Master -Wardens and Commonalty or other persons which by the true intent and -meaning hereof are and ought to be discharged from such service upon -juries and inquests shall by sheriffs bailiffs and other officers -ignorantly or wilfully be put and impanelled to serve upon juries and -inquests contrary to our true intent and meaning in that behalf in -certain our former letters patent granted and also in these presents -renewed, and that any of the said persons being absent from their -houses and places of habitation at such times as they were or shall -be summoned or warned to appear upon any such juries or inquests -could not nor cannot plead nor alledge the said former letters -patent nor these presents or the privileges and authorities hereby -given and granted unto them for their discharge in that behalf, -whereby divers issues lines and amercements are many times returned -against them contrary to our true intent and meaning, we do therefore -grant ... unto the said Master Wardens and Commonalty and to their -successors forever that if any issues fines or amercements shall -be returned forfeited or imposed by or upon any of the said person -or persons of the said Corporation trade art or mystery for and in -respect of not doing or not performing of any the said services or -other things whereof they are hereby exempted or freed or mentioned -to be exempted or freed, that then the same person or persons his -and their heirs executors administrators and assigns and every of -them and all his and their lands tenements goods and chattels shall -be forever freed and discharged of and from the said issues fines -and amercements and every of them, and we do require and command -the Barons of our Exchequer that in respect of the poverty of many -that are to be relieved in this case they give them all expedition -and ease in their proceedings and pleadings for their discharge in -that behalf. And because this Corporation of Shipwrights hath been -principally instituted and made for the maintenance and increase of -navigation and for the better and more substantial making building -and repairing of ships and also for the training up and instructing -of shipwrights ship-carpenters labourers and workmen to make them -more ready able and skilful for service, all which things do very -greatly concern the defence safety wealth and profit of our self -our kingdoms and subjects, therefore we do not only straitly charge -and command all and every person or persons which are or shall -be of the Commonalty of this Corporation that they do dutifully -submit themselves to such good and wholesome laws statutes and -ordinances as shall be hereafter ordained and made by virtue of these -letters patent for the government rule order and direction of this -Corporation and of all the members thereof, but we do also straitly -require charge and command all Masters Wardens Assistants deputies -and other the principal officers of this incorporation now being -and that hereafter shall be, that they and every of them in their -several offices and places do carefully diligently and circumspectly -look to the due and severe execution of all such laws statutes and -ordinances so to be made as aforesaid, that the same may be truly -performed and accomplished according to the tenor and true meaning -of the same, upon pain of our heavy displeasure and indignation and -of such punishment and imprisonment as by our laws may be inflicted -on them and every or any of them, wherein our meaning is to extend -the greater punishment upon such as having offices and places of -trust and charge committed unto them shall by wilfulness negligence -remissness partiality or otherwise offend themselves or suffer others -to offend in those things whereof they ought to be the reformers and -redressers and at whose hands we expect to receive and have amendment -and reformation of all offences that shall be committed by any others -in that behalf. And forasmuch as the poverty of Shipwrights and -persons belonging to the said Corporation is now much more increased -than in former times and not able to be relieved supported and -maintained by the duties and revenues of the said Corporation which -heretofore they have had or were enabled to have, being so small -in yearly value, therefore and to the end the said Master Wardens -and Commonalty and their successors may be from henceforth the -better enabled from time to time to bear and sustain their charges -and expenses drawn and occasioned by reason of the Corporation and -to relieve and maintain the poor of the same, we have ... given -and granted ... unto the said Master Wardens and Commonalty of -the said art or mystery of Shipwrights of Redrith aforesaid and to -their successors, especial licence and free and lawful faculty power -and authority that they and their successors forever shall and may -not only have receive and purchase to them and their successors -forever to their own proper use and behoof as well of us our heirs -and successors as of any other person or persons whatsoever manors -messuages land tenements rectories tithes rents reversions services -and other hereditaments whatsoever which are not held of us our heirs -and successors in chief or by knight's service nor of any other by -knight's service, so always that the same manors [_&c._] by the said -Master Wardens and Commonalty or their successors so to be received -purchased obtained or had as aforesaid do not exceed the clear yearly -value of forty pounds by the year above all charges deductions -and reprises, the statute of lands and tenements not to be put in -mortmain or any other statute act or ordinance provision restraint -or any other matter cause or thing whatsoever to the contrary -notwithstanding. And further ... we do give and grant special license -and full and free power and authority to any and every of the -subjects of us our heirs and successors and to all and every body and -bodies corporate and politic and other person or persons whatsoever -and to every of them; that they and every of them shall and may -give grant bequeath assign or by any ways or means whatsoever alien -devise or assure unto the said Master Wardens and Commonalty and -to their successors forever any manors [_&c., as before, with same -limitations_]. And finally we do by these presents for us our heirs -and successors straitly charge and command as well the Lord Admiral -of England for the time being and also the Judge of our Admiralty -and principal officers of our Navy and all Vice-Admirals Marshals -Serjeants and other officers of our Admiralty as also the Lord Mayor -of our City of London and the Sheriffs Justices Constables and other -officers and Ministers of the said city for the time being, and also -the several Mayors of our cities of Bristol and Rochester and of our -towns of Yarmouth Plymouth Dartmouth Ipswich Southampton Woodbridge -Hull and Newcastle respectively for the time being and all other -Mayors Sheriffs Justices of Peace Bailiffs Constables and other -officers and ministers of us our heirs and successors whatsoever -within our said realm of England and dominion of Wales, that they and -every of them be from time to time and at all times hereafter helping -aiding and assisting to the said Master Wardens and Commonalty and -to their successors and to every and any of them for the time being -and to every of their deputy or deputies officer or officers for the -time being forever, as well in and for such search view and survey -so to be made as aforesaid as also for and in the execution of all -and singular grants ordinances laws constitutions and orders herein -contained or hereafter upon or by virtue of these presents to be -allowed and approved in all things according to the true intent -and meaning of the same, upon pain of our high displeasure and as -they will answer the contrary. And these our letters patent or the -enrolment thereof shall be good and effectual in the law to the said -Master Wardens and Commonalty and their successors to all intents -constructions and purposes against us our heirs and successors -forever, any Act of Parliament statute law provision proclamation -restraint or other matter cause or thing whatsoever to the contrary -thereof in any wise notwithstanding. Provided always that these our -letters patent or anything therein contained shall not in any wise -extend or be constructed to extend or be prejudicial to our Cinque -Ports or to the liberties or members of the same or of any of them -or to any jurisdiction power or authority of the Lord Warden of the -Cinque Ports for the time being which he hath or in any wise or sort -he ought or may lawfully use exercise or claim to or with the office -of the Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports or of any other office or -offices belonging incident or appertaining to the said office of the -Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports, any grant power privilege matter or -thing before in these presents contained to the contrary thereof in -any wise notwithstanding. Although express mention &c. In witness -whereof &c. Witness our self at Westminster the sixth day of May. - - per breve de privato sigillo. - - -V. - -New Building the Prince Royal at Woolwich - -[=Pipe Office Declared Account No. 2249=] - -[_N.B.--Spelling and numerals modernised_] - -Mathew Baker, one of his Majesty's Master Shipwrights, for his pains -and charges in many journeys between Deptford and Woolwich during -the time of the new building of his Majesty's ship the Prince Royal, -by special command from the Lord Treasurer and the Lord Admiral of -England - - 10_l._ - -Robert Beake and Paul Isackson, painters, for painting and gilding -his Highness' ship the Prince Royal with fine gold and divers colours -wrought and laid in oil, finding at their own charge all manner of -stuff and workmanship: viz. the beakhead three times primed and -stopped; his Majesty's arms and badges, with divers beasts, and the -Prince's arms all gilded with fine gold and wrought in oil colours - - 62_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ - -For both the sides, and all the carved work on both the sides, as -well on the backside as foreside, three times primed and stopped; -with his Majesty's whole arms and badges on the two upper strakes; -the Prince's arms and badges on the third strake; the great mask head -on the fourth strake; all the foresaid arms, with very much other -work, and the lower strake all gilded and wrought in oil colours - - 190_l._ - -For the galleries, three on each side, priming three times; the lower -galleries with his Majesty's beasts and badges; the third with the -like and very much other work; all gilded and wrought in oil colours - - 100_l._ - -For the upright in the stern with his Majesty's whole arms and -badges; on the first, second and third galleries on the stern, with -his Majesty's arms and beasts, and the Prince's also; on the lower -counter two great mask heads three times primed and stopped, all -gilded and laid in oil colours - - 140_l._ - -For all the bulkheads, the first in the poop, the second afore the -Master's cabin, the third afore the Prince's cabin, the fourth and -fifth in the waist with the bellhouse, the sixth and seventh afore -the forecastle, thereon some of his Majesty's badges and much other -work, three times primed and stopped, gilded and wrought in oil -colours - - 45_l._ 10_s._ - -For all the timbers within the board, and all the plansers[615] afore -and abaft, double primed and stopped and laid in oil colours - - 10_l._ - -For the galleries within board, primed and stopped and laid in oil -colours - - 6_l._ - -For the Prince's lodging cabin, very curiously wrought and gilded -with divers histories, and very much other work in oil colours - - 164_l._ - -For the state cabin, gilded and very curiously wrought with divers -histories, and much other works, wrought in oil colours and varnished - - 90_l._ - -For the room abaft the stateroom, wrought overhead and on each side -with sundry figures in oil colours - - 15_l._ - -For the Master's cabin wrought and varnished, with his mate's cabins, -primed and laid in oil colours - - 110_s._ - -And for all the works under the half deck, double primed and stopped, -with very much works, and up the stairs to the half deck, all laid in -oil colours - - 40_l._ - -In all - - 868_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._ - -Sebastian Vicars, for carved works by him wrought and performed -aboard his Highness' ship the Prince, lately new built at Woolwich. -That is to say, in the beakhead for carving the George, 20_l._; the -trailboard, 10_l._; the sideboard, 16_l._; of two boards for the half -rail between the planchers, 9_l._; of 14 brackets for both, 13_l._ -6_s._ 8_d._; of two lions for the half rail, 50_s._; of a serpent -for the tacks, 13_s._ 4_d._; of two great mask heads for the two -hawsers, and of two fish heads for steadying the main knee, 30_s._; -for carving the sides without board, viz: of 104 brackets along the -sides without board, 12_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._; of 47 compartments in the -lower strake, 110_s._; of 14 great lion heads for the round ports, -10_l._; of 12 Prince's badges in the middle strake, 12_l._; for -carving 9 compartments in the same strake, 110_s._; of the King's -badges on the sides without board, 22_l._; of one pair of the King's -arms and another of the King's and Queen's together, 15_l._; of four -terms[616] on either side the arms, 75_s._; of four ports, two in -the bow and two in the quarter abaft, with four taffrails, 110_s._; -of 4 scuttles of windows, 4_l._; of 8 trophies in the upper strake, -110_s._; of 14 brackets in the narrow strake and 12 compartments, -55_s._; and of four hansing pieces in the waist, 53_s._ 4_d._; for -carving the two sides in the lower gallery, 20_l._; of 26 brackets, -6_l._; of 12 supporters under the galleries, 6_l._; and of the frieze -round about, 8_l._; for carving of 6 panels with stories on the -middle of the gallery, 18_l._; of 16 arches, 60_s._; of ten great -terms, 10_l._; of 14 little terms, 6_l._ 10_s._; of two great badges -of the Prince's, 8_l._; of four of the Prince's letters, 25_s._; of -ten Dragons for supporters, 100_s._; of two great arches within the -galleries, 13_s._ 4_d._; and of four hansing pieces, 40_s._; for -the carving the two sides on the upper gallery, 15_l._; of the ten -brackets, 40_s._; of eight beasts, 70_s._; of ten taffrails, 25_s._ -8_d._; for carving of four great terms in the stern, 6_l._; of three -great arches, 60_s._; of two great lions' heads, 33_s._ 4_d._; of the -rudder head and tiller, 20_s._; of the planks cross the stern, 6_l._ -13_s._ 4_d._; of the frieze, 4_l._; of seven brackets, 33_s._ 4_d._; -of two dragons, 40_s._; of seven pendants, 68_s._; of eight terms, -7_l._ 10_s._; of six arches, 25_s._; of the Prince's badges, 4_l._; -of two letters on either side of the badge, 16_s._; of two pieces -of Victory and Fame, 7_l._; of the plank cross the stern in the -upper gallery, 7_l._; of six brackets, 25_s._; of six beasts, 66_s._ -8_d._; and of five taffrails, 15_s._; for carving the King's arms -ten foot wide in the upright, 22_l._; and of two pyramids with two -boys sitting on the top showing for Peace or War, 6_l._; for carving -four terms for the doors in the forecastle, 35_s._; of a frieze -round about, 35_s._; of four terms and four cartowes,[617] 55_s._; -and of two hansing pieces, 40_s._; for carving of six terms and -six cantlappers[618] and two arches for the doors in the forecastle -within board, 6_l._; of three orpins,[619] 73_s._ 4_d._; of six -brackets, 15_s._; of four badges of the King's, 60_s._; and of the -bellhouse and knights' heads, 56_s._ 8_d._, for carved work in the -bulkhead abaft, viz. of six terms and six cantlappers, 6_l._; of four -cantlappers and six arches to give light under the half deck, 35_s._; -of seven brackets and six compartments in the narrow frieze, 35_s._; -for carving twelve arches on both the sides of the half deck and of -28 brackets, 7_l._; for carving of six terms for three doors and six -cantlappers with three arches on the quarter deck, 9_l._; of two -terms and two cantlappers, 30_s._; and of two hansing pieces and the -knights' heads, 30_s._; and for carving two orpins and two brackets -on the roundhouse, 20_s._; and of two hansing pieces, 20_s._ In all -441_l._ 4_d._ - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[615] Elsewhere spelt 'Planchers' and 'Plansters,' now usually spelt -'Planeshears.' The planks covering the tops of the timbers and -forming a shelf below the gunwale. - -[616] Terminal pieces. - -[617] Cartouches; modillions or corbels. - -[618] _I.e._ cantilevers, or projecting brackets. - -[619] Harpins or ribbands. - - -VI - -Petition to the Admiralty - -[=S.P. Dom., Chas. I, cxciv. 47=] - -NOBLE SIR,--I have nothing to tender you for many favours received -from you but the return of my thanks, and particularly for this -last courtesy about the petition delivered against me which I have, -herein enclosed, returned together with my answer, desiring you to be -pleased it may be both presented and read to the Lords Commissioners, -whose order herein I shall with all humble submission assent unto, -not doubting of your careful favour herein, which I shall study to -requite with my best acknowledgments, beseeching you to be pleased -so far to mediate for me that the plaintiff may not have power from -their lordships to bring disgrace upon me, whereby his Majesty's -service may suffer as well as myself, by giving leave to have me -intercepted when I am to attend the ordinary meeting of the principal -officers of his Majesty's Navy, within the city, where they wait for -advantage. So leaving myself to your care I take leave and rest - - At your service, - PHINEAS PETT. - -_Chatham, 22nd June, 1631._ - -I pray, sir, be pleased to return me word by this bearer when his -Majesty is to go to Portsmouth. - -(_Endorsed_) To my honoured friend Edward Nicholas, Esquire, -Secretary to the right honourable Lords Commissioners of the -Admiralty of England these - - Westminster. - - -47 I. - -To the right honourable the lords and other Commissioners of the -Admiralty of England. - -The humble answer of Phineas Pett, his Majesty's servant, to the -petition of Lewes Tayte, smith. - -I do acknowledge I become debtor[620] to this petitioner for -ironwork delivered to the building of a new ship called the Destiny, -built by me for Sir Walter Ralegh, from whom I could never receive -satisfaction for the said work by 700_l._, which I was forced to -venture with him in his voyage, wherein he failing, and at his return -the ship seized into his Majesty's hands, I suffered the loss of the -whole debt. - -I was contented to give this petitioner my bond for payment of his -debt, notwithstanding my great loss, some part whereof was orderly -paid, and the rest I should have easily satisfied had not a greater -loss presently befallen me, through the occasion of building two -small ships for the expedition of Algiers, wherein I sustained (by -the overworks, and charge of the journey wherein I served as Captain -in one of those ships) the loss of above 900_l._, towards which I -could never hitherto recover one penny satisfaction. - -By these two great losses suddenly befalling me, almost together, I -was utterly disabled either to satisfy the debts arising from these -businesses, or to raise means to maintain myself and poor family. - -Notwithstanding I have out of the little remnants of my poor fortunes -paid above 500_l._ of these debts within the space of 6 years, which -I never so much as drank for, and I do yearly still contribute the -better half of my small means towards the satisfying the rest as -carefully as I can. - -I have often entreated this petitioner's patience, as knowing -his abilities better able to forbear than others, interested as -himself in the same business, he having also made more gain by his -commodities than any other. Always tendering satisfaction to him as -I could take of other debts, to the utmost my fortunes would extend -unto, and am very ready and willing yearly to pay unto him such a sum -as your lordships in your honourable considerations of the premises, -and my present fortunes, shall order me to do. Humbly submitting -myself to your Lordships' favourable construction. - - PHINEAS PETT. - - -FOOTNOTE: - -[620] MS. 'detter.' - - -VII - -[=Stowe MS. 743 f. 50=] - -RIGHT HONOURABLE,--My most humble services presented. - -Lest I should be the last in expressing my duty and humblest service, -being so infinitely obliged to your most noble favours, I rather -choose to incur the censure of presumption, than the just imputation -of ingratitude, being hopeful for the first to procure your -honourable pardon, for the last it is beyond the plea of all excuse. - -Please your lordship to understand that since your posting from -Tiballs, receiving direction for making ready the Prince, I brought -her into dry dock at Chatham, there thoroughly searched her, and -strengthened her in all suspected places, new made and repaired all -her masts, and launched her again within fourteen days, and have -in all points been so careful to prepare all rooms for state, ease, -convenience, and ornament, as I hope will give your lordship as much -content as can be in any ship contrived. - -The cook room is by a powerful command (against my consent) removed -from the old place in hold into the forecastle, in which I was much -overborne, having had the experience of the conveniency thereof, in -my personal service in former transportation. - -The Prince is at present in such forwardness as if there be no other -wants she may be at sea in fourteen days, and is now taking in her -beer and other provisions. - -All the fleet are in the same readiness, the George and the Antelope -making all possible haste to get to sea, and this is the account of -the business here under my charge, which in all humbleness I held my -duty to present your lordship. - -Were it not that I intend to wait upon your lordship in the great -ship, I would have procured his Majesty's leave to have come with Sir -Francis Steward. I hold myself very unhappy to be from attending your -lordship in any sea service. - -Thus humbly craving your lordship's honourable construction of this -my presumption, and pardon for my boldness, which I cannot but do in -zeal of my service, praying God to send your lordship increase of -honour, health, happiness, and a prosperous return, in all humbleness -I kiss your lordship's hand and ever remain, - - Your lordship's creature, - PHINEAS PETT. - -_Chatham, 10th April 1623._ - -To the Right Hon. Lord Marquis of Buckingham, Lord High Admiral of -England, give these. - - -VIII - -Protest of Trinity House against the Building of the Sovereign - -[=S.P. Dom. Chas I. cclxxiii. 25=] - -RIGHT HONOURABLE,--Being informed that his Majesty is minded to build -a great ship of these dimensions (namely) 124 foot by the keel, in -breadth 46 and for draught in water 22 foot, these strange and large -dimensions gave us cause to fall into discourse, and in our discourse -fell on these particulars following, namely: - -That a ship of this proportion cannot be of use, nor fit for service -in any part of the King's Dominions; and as unfit for remote service: -our reasons-- - -First, there is no port within this kingdom (the Isle of Wight only) -that can in safety harbour this ship, then it followeth, if she be -not in port then is she in continual danger, exposed to all tempests, -to all storms, that time shall bring. In a desperate estate she rides -in every storm: in peril she must ride, when all the rest of her -companions (his Majesty's ships) enjoys peace, rides quiet and safe -in port: for example, we have the Prince in her voyage to Spain for -his Majesty in foul weather, when all the fleet harboured in the Port -of Plymouth, the Prince she only might not, for she could not, she -too big, her draught too much, the wild sea must be her port; in the -Sound of Plymouth must she ride, her anchors and cables her safety. -If either of them fail, the ship must perish, 4 or 500 men must die, -and the King must lose his Jewel; and this will be the state of this -ship. - -That she cannot harbour is her great draught in water, and less in -draught she will not be, but could she be made to draw less water, -yet anchors and cables must hold proportion, and being made, they -will not be manageable, the strength of man cannot wield nor work -them, but could they do it, yet the ship little bettered in point -of safety, for we are doubtful whether cables and anchors can hold -a ship of this bulk in a great storm, for we have more in our seas -to add stress to cables and anchors than the wind and foaming sea. -We have strong tides which strains both cables and anchors equal to -wind and sea, besides the particulars there are many things which -must concur; for if either fail, the rest hold not, for example if -the cables fail, the anchors are of no use, if the anchors fail, then -neither cable nor anchor is serviceable, nay if the ground be not -good then is all the rest to no purpose, so that if either of these -fail all is lost, the ship lost with all her provisions, the men -lost, and it may be some great and noble Peer in her. - -Thus far so much as may concern the safety of this ship being built. - -Now for the force of this ship; it will not any way hold proportion -with her bulk or burden, for the aim must be for three tier of -ordnance, the lower tier which must carry the greatest ordnance and -be of greatest force must lie of necessity so low that in every gale -of wind the ports must be shut in, or else the ship will be in great -danger, or sink as did the Mary Rose in King Henry the VIII's time at -Portsmouth. - -Or if you will lay them at 5 or 5½ foot, then must the third tier lie -at that height as not to be serviceable, nay this third tier will -rather endanger the quality of the ship (as the too high building -hath in some of the king's ships lately built, made them unfit for -any good service). Therefore three tier of ordnance must not be, -neither can the art or wit of man build a ship well conditioned and -fit for service with three tier of ordnance. - -But if it be force that his Majesty desireth, then shall he do well -to forbear the building of this ship, and with the same cost or -charge to build two ships of 5 or 600 ton a piece, either ship to -have 40 pieces of good ordnance, and these two ships will be of more -force and for better service and will beat the great ship back and -side. - -These particulars, Right Honourable, falling within the compass -of our discourse we held it our duty to his Majesty to impart the -particulars unto you, and with your wisdom to leave them either to -impart them unto the king, or otherwise as it shall seem best unto -your wisdom. And so we rest, - - Your honour's ever at command, - - T. BEST. - WALTER COKE. - RO. SALMON. - - _From Ratcliff, - 9th of August 1634._ - -To the Right Honourable Sir John Coke, principal Secretary to His -Majesty. - - - [_Note._--This protest should be compared with the memorandum, - attributed to Ralegh, in which Prince Henry is advised against - the building of the Prince Royal. See E. Edwards, _Life of Sir - Walter Ralegh_, Vol. II, p. 330.] - - -IX - -Ships Built or Rebuilt by Phineas Pett. - - [TABLE: PART 1 of 2] - +-------------------------+---------+------+-------+---------+---------+ - | | | | Length| | | - | Ship. | Year. | Tons.| of | Breadth.| Depth. | - | | | | Keel. | | | - +-------------------------+---------+------+-------+---------+---------+ - | | | | Ft. | Ft. Ins.| Ft. Ins.| - | | | | | | | - |R _Moon_ | 1602 | 74 | 50 | 17 0 | 7 0 | - |R _Answer_ | 1603-4 | 274 | 65 | 26 0 | 13 0 | - | _Disdain_ | 1604 | .. | 25 | 12 0 | .. | - | _Resistance_ | 1604 | 140 | .. | .. | .. | - |R _Ark (Anne) Royal_ | 1607-8 | 828 | 107 | 37 10 | 15 4 | - | _Prince Royal_ | 1608-10 | 1187 | 115 | 43 0 | 18 0 | - | _Phœnix_ | 1612-13 | 250 | 72 | 24 0 | 11 0 | - |R _Merhonour_ | 1613-14 | 946 | 112 | 38 7 | 16 5 | - |R _Defiance_ | 1613-14 | 700 | 97 | 37 0 | 15 0 | - | _Pinnace_ | 1616 | .. | 40 | .. | .. | - | _Destiny (Convertive)_ | 1616 | 621 | 96 | 32 4 | 15 0 | - | _Mercury_ | 1620 | 300 | .. | .. | .. | - | _Spy_ | 1620 | 200 | .. | .. | .. | - | _Henrietta_ | 1627 | 68 | 52 | 15 0 | 6 6 | - | _Maria_ | 1627 | 68 | 52 | 15 0 | 6 6 | - | _Charles_ | 1632-3 | 810 | 105 | 33 7 | 16 3 | - | _Greyhound_ | 1636 | 126 | 60 | 20 3 | 7 8 | - | _Roebuck_ | 1636 | 90 | 57 | 18 1 | 6 8 | - | _Sovereign of the Seas_| 1635-7 | 1522 | 127 | 46 6 | 19 4 | - +-------------------------+---------+------+-------+---------+---------+ - - [TABLE: PART 2 of 2] - +-------------------------+---------+-----+----------------------------+ - | | | No. | | - | Ship. | Year. | of | Remarks. | - | | |Guns.| | - +-------------------------+---------+-----+----------------------------+ - | | | | | - | | | | | - |R _Moon_ | 1602 | 13 | | - |R _Answer_ | 1603-4 | 19 | | - | _Disdain_ | 1604 | .. | | - | _Resistance_ | 1604 | .. | Merchant. | - |R _Ark (Anne) Royal_ | 1607-8 | 44 | | - | _Prince Royal_ | 1608-10 | 55 | Rebuilt by Peter Pett | - | | | | in 1641. | - | _Phœnix_ | 1612-13 | 20 | | - |R _Merhonour_ | 1613-14 | 40 | | - |R _Defiance_ | 1613-14 | 40 | | - | _Pinnace_ | 1616 | .. | For Lord Zouch. | - | _Destiny (Convertive)_ | 1616 | 34 | | - | _Mercury_ | 1620 | ..}| For the Merchant Committee | - | _Spy_ | 1620 | ..}| of the Algiers Expedition.| - | _Henrietta_ | 1627 | 6 | | - | _Maria_ | 1627 | 6 | | - | _Charles_ | 1632-3 | 44 | With Peter Pett. | - | _Greyhound_ | 1636 | 12 | " " | - | _Roebuck_ | 1636 | 10 | " " | - | _Sovereign of the Seas_| 1635-7 | 102 | " " | - +-------------------------+---------+-----+----------------------------+ - -R = Rebuilt. - - -X - -The Arms of Pett - -The arms granted to Peter Pett in 1583 were:-- - -Or, on a fesse gules between three roundels sable, a lion passant of -the field. - -[Illustration: (coat of arms)] - -And for a crest: Out of a ducal coronet, or, a demi-pelican wings -expanded argent. - -Several impressions of Phineas Pett's seal displaying these arms, -without the crest, are preserved on his letters in the State Papers. - - - - -INDEX - - - Abington, Mr., 23 - - Adams, Mr., 2 - - Adams, William, 56 _n._, 57 _n._ - - Addey, John, master shipwright, xxiii, 11, 173, 174, 178 - - Admiral, Lord High, xxvii, xxxv-xxxvii, 205 - - Admiralty, Committee of, xxxvii, xxxix - - -- Court of, xxxvi - - -- judge of, xxxv, xxxix, lxxxix, 205 - - -- Lords Commissioners, xxxv, lxxxvi, xcix, 155, 211 - - -- officers of, 205 - - Adye. _See_ Addey - - Alabaster, Mr., lix - - Alexander, Mr., 23, 97, 98 - - Algiers, expedition against, lxxxiii, 122, 124, 139, 211 - - Alice Holt, 30 - - Allison, Sir William, 161 - - Andrews, Lawrence, 57 - - Anne of Denmark (Queen), visit to ships at Chatham, 29; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80-81; - mentioned, 76 - - Antwerp, 72 - - Apsley, Sir Allen, victualler of the navy, 104 - - Apslyn, John, 178, 183 - - Apslyn, Nathaniel, assistant master shipwright, 150 - - Arches, Court of, 14 - - Arundel, Earl of, 89 - - Austen, Thomas, master attendant, 166 - - a Vale, John, boatswain, lvii, 19, 86 - - Aylesbury, Thomas, xlii, xc; - secretary to Nottingham, 104; - surveyor of navy, 150 _n._ - - - Bacon, Sir Francis, lxi _n._, 103 - - Bagwell, Mr., 159 - - Baker, James, xx, xxi, xxii - - Baker, Mathew, master shipwright, grants to, xxii, xxiii, xxiv; - emoluments, xxviii; - master of Shipwrights Company, xxx; - instruction given to Phineas, liii; - letter of Phineas to, liii; - Phineas' opinion of, lv; - his opinion of Phineas, lxvii; - report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - MS. on shipbuilding, lxxix, lxxxi; - Phineas attempts to serve him, 3; - rebuilds _Triumph_, 6; - employs Phineas, 6; - builds _Repulse_, 6; - employs Phineas and assists his studies, 7; - malicious envy of, 11; - reversion of post to Phineas, 23; - envious enemy, 24; - _Golden Lion_ and _Swiftsure_ at Deptford, 29; - commission of inquiry, 33; - combines against Phineas, 38, 43; - evidence before inquiry, 44; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 48, 55, 60; - censured by James, 63; - appointed to survey materials for _Prince Royal_, 68; - rebuilds _Red Lion_, 68; - Waymouth relates intrigue, 74; - rebuilding _Merhonour_, 112; - sickness and death, 112; - mentioned, 173, 174, 178, 183, 207 - - Barbary, voyage to, 5 - - Barker, Mr. 15, 20 - - Barking Creek, 150 - - Barwick, Mr., cousin, 151 - - Beake, Robert, 207 - - Beaulieu, 126 - - Bend, midship, 59 _n._ - - Bent, 128 - - Bertie, Robert. _See_ Lindsey - - Best, T., 216 - - Bingley, Sir Richard, surveyor of the navy, 92; - survey at Chatham, 92-3 - - Birchington, 85 - - Bishop Ness, 152 - - Blackheath, 83 - - Blacktail Sand, 158 - - Blackwall, 21, 34, 93, 163 - - Blankenberghe Sconce, 109 - - Bludder, Sir Thomas, victualler to the navy, before Commission of - Inquiry, 34; - inquiry at Greenwich into abuses, 69 - - Blyth, Prior of, xvi - - Boate, Edward, master shipwright, lxxx, 154 - - Bodman, Thomas, asst. master shipwright, 17 - - Bonanza, 26 - - Bond, William, xvii - - Borough, William, comptroller of navy, xxiii _n._; - house at Limehouse, 9 - - Bostock, Mr., 153 - - Boulogne, 135 - - Bourne, Robert, 124, 183 - - Bowles, Charles, 151, 161 - - Bradshaw, Captain Robert, 106 - - Brakes, The, 133 - - Brancepeth Park, xcviii, 160 - - Bridlington, 159 - - Briggs, Henry, inquiry at Woolwich, lxxxii, 59 and _n._ - - Bright, --, senr., shipwright, lxx - - Bright, Wm., master shipwright, succeeds to Chapman, xxiv; - emoluments, xxviii; - his opinion of Phineas, lxix; - report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - envy of, 11, 24; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - combines against Phineas, 38, 43; - evidence before inquiry, 45; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 48, 55, 60; - censured by James, 63; - Waymouth relates intrigue, 74; - mentioned, liv _n._, 178, 183 - - Bristol, 178, 205 - - Bromadge, Robert, 57 - - Brooke, Francis, clerk of stores at Portsmouth, 144 - - Brooke, John, clerk of check at Portsmouth, 144 - - Brooke, Lord. _See_ Greville, Sir Fulke - - Brooke, Wm., 78 - - Brunning, Thomas, 124 - - Brunswick, Duke of, visits Chatham, 134 - - Brygandin, Robert, xvii - - Buck, Sir Peter, clerk of the check at Chatham, 3; - clerk of the ships, 3 _n._, 55 _n._; - knighted, 3 _n._; - mentioned, 15; - the commission of inquiry, 33 - - Buck, Thomas, the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 55 - - Buckingham, Duke of, Lord High Admiral, visit to Chatham, 120; - obtains blank patent of baronetcy for Phineas, 121; - journey to Spain, lxxxviii, 125; - lands in Scilly Islands, 131; - release of Phineas from prison, 139; - mentioned, 133, 138, 139; - murder, 140; - letter to, 212 - - Buckwell, 151 - - Bull, Richard, shipwright, xxi, xxii, xxiii - - Bull, Wm., master gunner of England, fires salute at Woolwich, 35, 36 - - Burgess, Mr., master of _Resistance_, 26 - - Burghley, Lord, lord treasurer, model for, 7; - house at Theobalds, 8 - - Burrell, Andrewes, 124, 145 - - Burrell, Wm., master shipwright, emoluments, xxviii; - principal master workman of East India Co., 39; - the inquiry at Woolwich, lxxxi, 56 _n._, 57; - ships built for East India Co., 75; - proposal to build ship in Ireland, 95; - Commissioner of Inquiry (1618), lxxxiii, cii, 119; - enemy of Phineas, 119, 120; - builds _Happy Entrance_ and _Reformation_, 121; - Algiers committee, 122; - malice of, 124, 137; - made assistant to the principal officers, 143; - repair of ships, 144; - Portsmouth Harbour, 145; - mentioned, 55 _n._, 136, 183; - death, 145 - - Bursledon, xlvi - - Bury, 12, 161 - - Button, Captain Sir Thomas, cii; - the Commission of Inquiry, 34, 67; - inquiry into abuses at Greenwich, 69; - ship for N.W. Passage, 95; - return to England, 112; - captain of _Antelope_, 133; - mentioned, 37, 97, 135 - - Button, Mrs., 37, 67 - - Bygatt, Wm., 55 - - Byland, Mildred, married to Phineas, 168 _n._; - presented to Charles, 168; - death, 171 - - - Cadzand, 111 - - Cæsar, Sir Julius, lxi _n._ - - Cales (Cadiz), lxi, 26 - - Calshot Castle, 127 - - Cambridge, Emmanuel College, 2, 161; - The Falcon, 161; - Trinity College, 161; - mentioned, lii, 59 - - Camphire, 110 - - Campion, Sir William, 151 - - Canewdon, 2 - - Cant, The, 94 - - Canterbury, 170 - - -- Archbishop of, 101; - visits _Prince_, 115 - - Carlisle, Earl of, 127 - - Carpenter, master, xvi, xix - - Carr, Leonard, 159 - - Carr, Sir Robert, 132 - - Cassant Point, 111 - - Cateroll, Thomas, 57 - - Caulker, xix - - Cecil, Sir Robert. _See_ Salisbury - - Cecil, William. _See_ Burghley - - Chadwick, Charles, 2 - - Chaloner, Sir Thomas, lxxxii, 59, 89 - - Chamber, 35 - - Chandler, Edward, 124 - - Channel (English), 109 - - Channel (Queen's), 108 - - Chapman, Richard, master shipwright at Deptford, grant to, xxiv; - Phineas bound apprentice to him, liii, 3; - death, xxiv, 3 - - Charing Cross, 114, 138 - - Charles I, Duke of York, 76, 81; - Prince of Wales, visits Woolwich, 114; - journey to Spain, lxxxviii, 125; - at Santander, 128-30; - rescue by _Defiance_, 129; - endeavours to make peace between Dunkirk and Holland men-of-war, 130; - lands in Scilly Islands, 131; - lands at Portsmouth, 132; - gives Phineas gold chain, 132; - attends Parliament, 133; - proclaimed King at Chatham, 134; - visits Rochester, 134; - visits _Prince Royal_ at Dover, 135; - plans of ships, 136; - release of Phineas from prison, 139, 141; - gives Phineas blank patent for baronetcy, civ, 139; - creates Phineas an assistant principal officer, 143 and _n._; - principal officer, 145; - launch of _Vanguard_, 146; - visit to ships at Portsmouth, 148; - visit to _Charles_, 150; - brown paper stuff, 153; - launch of _Unicorn_ and _James_, 154; - suspends Phineas and others, xc, 155; - favour to Phineas, 155; - visit to _Leopard_, acquaints Phineas of intention to build - _Sovereign of the Seas_, xci, 156-7; - renews privy seal for Phineas, 157; - visits to Woolwich, 162-63; - salvage of _Anne Royal_, 163; - attempted launch of _Sovereign_, 165; - directs Mansell to name her _Sovereign of the Seas_, 166; - visits ship, 167; - orders ship from Chatham to Woolwich, 168; - visits her at Gravesend and expresses satisfaction, 168; - Phineas and Peter visit, 171 - - Charles Lewis (afterwards Elector Palatine), 162, 163 - - Charles, Prince (afterwards Charles II), model for, 156 - - Chatham, mentioned, _passim_; - Queen's House on the hill, 2; - manor, 15; - survey of navy, 78; - visit of Prince Henry, 88-90; - of his suite, 98; - church, 100, 105, 120, 137, 141, 148, 164, 171; - preparations for transport of Lady Elizabeth, 103; - visit of Nottingham 104, 111; - of King of Denmark, 114; - the Brook, 116; - Commission of Inquiry, 119; - visit of Buckingham, 120; - survey of _Prince_, 124; - Charles proclaimed at Hill House, 134; - survey of ships, 137; - general survey of navy, 144; - visit of Charles, 147; - _Sovereign_ at, 168 - - Chatham dockyard, surrendered to Parliament, xcix; - mutiny, 18; - storehouses, 17, 20, 147; - old dock, 89, 147; - pinnaces built, 96, 137; - new dock, 120, 147, 152; - _Prince Royal_ docked, 125, 134, 212; - Phineas' house in new dockyard, 149, 170; - launch of _Sovereign_, 165-6 - - Chelsea, 8, 102 - - Chester, Mr., _Prince Royal_ inquiry at Woolwich, 54 - - Chevreuse, Duchess of, 167 - - Chichester, 151 - - Child, Mr., 10 - - Chopwell Woods, xcviii, 160 - - Cinque Ports, 116, 206 - - Clay, Nicholas, shipbuilder, report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 49, 55, 60; - mentioned, 178, 183 - - Cleve, Sir Christopher, 121 - - Clifton, John, purser, the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 55 - - Clynker, xvi, xix - - Coke, Sir John, secretary of state, Commission of Inquiry, 119; - dislike of Phineas, 126, 155; - brown paper stuff, 153, 155, 156; - mentioned, xxvi, 165, 216 - - Coke, Walter, 216 - - Cole, Katharine, Peter visits, at Woodbridge, 150; - match discussed, 152; - married, 154 - - Cole, Mrs., arrangements for marriage of daughter, 152; - marriage of daughter, 154; - mentioned, 150, 162 - - Cole, Thomas, 57, 154 _n._, 178 - - Collier, Christopher, 116 - - Collins, George, lvii; - action-at-law against Phineas, 18 - - Commission of Inquiry (1608), lviii _et seq._; - procured by Northampton, 32; - its proceedings, 33-4, 38-70 - - -- -- -- (1613), Mansell objects to, 111 - - -- -- -- (1618), lxxxiii, lxxxix; - appointed, 118; - Phineas to assist, 119; - works at Chatham, 120; - plot against Phineas, 120; - survey of _Prince Royal_, 124 - - -- -- -- (1626), xxxix _n._; - survey of ships, 137; - dissolved, 138 - - Commissioners of the navy. _See_ Navy Commissioners - - Committee of Public Safety, xcix - - Commons, House of, Shipwrights' Co., xxxvi, xxxviii - - Cooke, William, master attendant, 151, 153, 165, 166 - - Cooper, Mary. _See_ Pett - - Cooper, Mr., death, 117 - - Corbett, John, lxi _n._, lxxvii - - Cork, 4, 5, 6 - - Cotton, Sir Robert, lviii _n._, lxi _n._, lxiii, lxxvii - - Council. _See_ Privy Council - - Council of State, xxxviii - - Cowes, 123, 148 - - Cranfield, Sir Lionel, 118 - - Crompton, Sir Thomas, lxi _n._ - - Cromwell, Sir Oliver, visit to Chatham, 29; - re-names _Ark Royal_ as _Anne Royal_, 37; - mentioned, 89; - Phineas visits, 161 - - Crowe, Sir Sackville, treasurer of the navy, 138 - - - Dagenham, 19, 20 - - Dalton, William, 140 - - Dartford, 112 - - Dartmouth, 205 - - Dawes, John, 56 - - Day, Jonas, 55 _n._ - - Deal, 170 - - Dearslye, John, 124, 145 _n._ - - Denmark, King of (Christian IV), visit to Chatham, 28; - visit to Woolwich and Chatham, 114 - - Deptford, 80-112, 144 - - Deptford Dockyard, xlvii, lxxxiii; - site, 1; - _Golden Lion_ and _Swiftsure_ docked at, 29; - _Red Lion_ launched, 68; - mentioned, 84; - _Happy Entrance_ and _Reformation_ built, 121; - _Antelope_ docked, 134; - _St. Denis_ at, 146; - launch of _Henrietta Maria_ in presence of King and Queen, 149; - _James_ launched, 154 - - Deptford Strond, derivation of name, 1 - - Diggens, Nicholas, 56 and _n._, 57 _n._ - - Ditton Park, 143 - - Doderidge, Sir John, lxi _n._ - - Doncaster, 161 - - Dorset, Earl of, commissioner of Admiralty, 155 - - Dover, 25, 172; - castle and pier, 116; - road, 132, 135; - town and castle, 169 - - Downs, the, lxxxiv, 116, 123, 126, 133, 135, 169, 170 - - Drake, Sir Francis, 6 - - Drown devil, 71 _n._ - - Dublin, visit to, 5; - Divelinge, 5 _n._ - - Duck, David, shipwright, lviii; - friend and neighbour, 19; - yard at Gillingham, 24; - chooses trees at East Bere, 28; - inquiry at Woolwich, 57; - mentioned, 93 - - Duckett, Sir George, possessor of the MS., ix - - Duller, 94 _n._ - - Dunkirk, pirate, 16; - men-of-war, 130 - - Dunwich, xlvi - - Durham, 159, 160, 161 - - -- Bishop of, xcviii, 160 - - Dymocke, Thomas, 178, 183 - - - Earl Marshal, xxxvi - - East Bere, 27, 28 - - East Country Merchants, xxxvi - - East India Company, lxxxiii - - East India Dock, 163 - - Edisbury, Kenrick, 150; - informs against Phineas and Sir H. Palmer, 153, 155; - surveyor of navy, 155, 165 - - Edmondes, Michael, 56 - - Elizabeth, Princess, mentioned, 76, 81, 162 _n._; - visit to Woolwich, 77; - marriage and festivities, 102-3; - transportation to Holland, 103-10; - at Margate, 108; - lands at Flushing, 109; - at Middelburg, 110 - - Elizabeth, Queen, 10, 18, 60 - - Elye, John, 57 - - England, 177, 178, 179 - - Erith, 123, 167 - - Essex, Earl of, Phineas desires to follow, 8 - - Etherington, Mr., 171 - - Eye, xliv - - - Fairlight, 126 - - Fareham, 144 - - Farnham, 145 - - Felton, John, 140 - - Ferne, Sir John, 123 - - Fleming, Denis, Clerk of the Acts, brown paper stuff, xc, 155 - - Fleming, Mrs., 152 - - Flim-flam, 39 - - Floor, of ship, 37 - - Flushing, 72, 109, 110, 111 - - Folly John Park, 143 - - Foxe, Captain Luke, cii, 159 - - France, 91 - - Franklyn, Rev. Mr., 138 - - Frating, xlviii - - Frederick, Elector Palatine, marriage to Lady Elizabeth, 102 _n._, - 103; - transportation to Holland, 103-10; - at Margate, 108; - lands at Flushing, 109 - - Freeman, Mr., sues Phineas for debt, lxxxvi, 139, 141 - - Fryer, Colonel Sir Thomas, 140 - - Fuller, Rev. Thomas, xlii - - Fuller, Thomas, 56 - - Furring, lxviii - - - Gad's Hill, 113 - - Gawdy, Sir Bassingbourn, xlv - - Geare (Geere) Captain, 54, 107 - - Geere, Michael, 54 _n._ - - Geere, William, 54 _n._ - - George, Prince of Denmark, xl - - Gibbons, John, 139 - - Gibbons, William, mate and purser of _Resistance_, 26; - master, 78; - North-west Passage, cii, 97 - - Gibraltar, 123 - - Giles, Captain Edward, captain of _Spy_, 122; - mentioned, 133, 135 - - Gillingham, lviii, 17, 24, 94, 104, 105, 111, 125, 151, 153 - - Glemham, Edward, captain, 4 - - Goddard, Henry, master shipwright, xxvi, xcix, 144, 150; - builds _Henrietta Maria_, 149 - - Gofton, Sir Francis, 119 - - Gondomar, Count of, 129 - - Gonson, Benjamin, 3 _n._ - - Goodale, Edward, master carpenter of _Gallion Constance_, 4 - - Goodwin, John, master attendant, 150 - - Goodwin, John, professor of mathematics, 14 - - Gore, The, 85, 123 - - Gore End Road, 91 - - Grantham, 161 - - Grass, 127 - - Graves, Thomas. _See_ Greaves, John - - Gravesend, 21, 26, 85, 87, 89, 90, 91, 93, 95, 99, 111, 113, 114, 116, - 123, 148, 168, 169, 171 - - -- ferry, 162 - - Greaves, John, report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 55; - survey of _Prince_, 124; - worm at Portsmouth, 145 _n._; - mentioned, 183 - - Greenhithe, 20, 167, 168 - - Greenwich, school at, 2; - Court at, 14; - inquiry at, 68; - Park, 126; - mentioned, 25, 82, 84, 91, 95, 98, 111, 142, 148, 157, 166 - - Grene, Ralph atte, xvi - - Grent, John, 196 - - Griffin, John, 116 - - Griffin, Robert, 116 - - Greville, Sir Fulke (Lord Brooke), treasurer of the navy, lvi, lxv; - disfavour of, 11, 15, 17; - favour of, 18; - chancellor of the exchequer, 117; - plots against Phineas, 126 - - Groyne (Coruña), lx, 25, 26 - - Guildford, 151 - - Guisborough, 159 - - Gunfleet, 111, 126, 169 - - Gunter, Edmund, xci _n._ - - - Halfway tree, 87 - - Hamilton, Marquis of, 126, 146 - - Hamon, Christopher, 116 - - Hampton Court, 92, 127, 136, 141, 157, 167, 171 - - Hampton, Thomas, 57 - - Handcroft, John, boatswain of _Prince Royal_, 136 - - Harling, xlv - - Harten, 106 - - Harwich, xlvii, 151, 152, 153, 154, 158, 172 _n._ - - Hawkridge, William, cousin, cii, 116; - journey to Portsmouth, 151; - Arctic exploration and capture by pirates, 151 _n._ - - Hawkridge (niece), 120 - - Hawkyns, Sir John, last voyage, 6 - - Head, John, 178 - - Hedger, William, 183 - - Hendon, 28 - - Henrietta Maria, Queen, transportation to England, 135; - launch of ship named after her, 149; - attempted launch of _Sovereign_, 165; - visits ship, 167 - - Henry VIII, shipwrights under, xvii; - annuity granted, xx - - Henry, Prince, lxvi; - small vessel for, 21; - visits ship, 21; - receives Phineas as his servant, 23; - visit to Chatham, 29; - model presented to, 31; - visit to Woolwich, 34-6; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 52, 61, 62; - encouragement of Phineas, 50, 60; - satisfaction at result of inquiry, 66; - launch of _Red Lion_, 68; - pardons Waymouth, 75; - feast and tournament at St. James's, 76; - visit to Woolwich, 76, 77; - gives Phineas a buck, 78-9; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 81-4; - visit to, 86; - visit to Chatham, 88-90; - to Gravesend, 90; - dissatisfaction at survey made at Chatham, 92; - proposal to build ships in Ireland, 95; - pinnace for, 96; - his trust in Phineas, 97; - intention to provide for him, 98; - sickness and death, 100; - funeral, 101; - mentioned, 25, 27, 63, 72, 73, 75, 87, 174 - - Hepworth, xlv - - Herbert, Sir Arnold, 121 - - Herbert, Philip. _See_ Montgomery - - Herbert, William. _See_ Pembroke - - Heyward, Samuel, 122 - - Heywood, Thomas, xlii - - Highwood Hill, 9, 10, 17, 19, 20, 28, 117 - - Hobart, Sir Henry, lxi _n._ - - Hodierne, John, 164 - - Hoggekyns, John, xvi - - Holborn, Robert, shipwright, xxi - - Holder, xvi, xix - - Holderness, Earl of, 127 - - Holding, John, timber keeper at Chatham, 15 - - Hole Haven, 93, 169 - - Holland, 110 - - Holland, Earl of, 146 - - Holliday, William, 55 _n._ - - Hollond, John, c - - Hone, Dr., 14, 16 - - Hopton, xliv - - Horsleydown, 178 - - Howard, Charles. _See_ Nottingham - - Howard, Henry. _See_ Northampton - - Howard (Lord) of Effingham. _See_ Nottingham - - Howard, Lord Thomas, lord chamberlain, requests James to restrain - Phineas from quarrelling with the informers, 65; - mentioned, 23 - - Howard, Lord William, Vice-Admiral in _Anne Royal_, 105 - - Howell, Rev. Mr., assists Phineas to enter Emmanuel College, 2 - - Hudson, Henry, Hudson's Strait, lxx, ciii; - North-west Passage, 95 _n._ - - Hull, 205 - - Huntingdon, 161 - - - Income, 9 _n._ - - Ingram, Sir Arthur, 161 - - Inquiry, into case of _Prince Royal_ before James I at Woolwich, - 52-68; - into abuses in the navy at Greenwich, 68-70; - _See also_ Commissions of Inquiry - - Ipswich, 19, 178, 205; - Angel Inn, 151; - Greyhound Inn, 162; - shipwrights of, xxxvi - - Ireland, building ships in, 95; - mentioned, 133, 136 - - Ireland, George, 55 - - Isackson, Paul, 207 - - Isackson, Richard, ship-painter, 142, 151 - - - Jackson, George. _See_ Duckett - - Jackson, Sir Robert, 142 - - James I, mentioned, lxvi, 45, 50, 72, 75, 99, 121, 125; - proclamation of, 19; - at Tower, 21; - journey by water to Parliament, 25; - visit to ships at Chatham, 24, 29; - model of great ship, 32; - story of the ravens at Lisbon, 32; - Northampton's inquiry, 32; - Nottingham delivers Phineas' letter, 42; - orders investigation at Woolwich, 42; - report, 46; - Northampton complains, 47; - resolves on personal inquiry, at Woolwich, 47, 51; - directions to Phineas, 48; - surveys _Prince Royal_ and opens inquiry, 52; - conducts the inquiry, lxxxi, 58, 61; - speech at conclusion, 62; - thanks Northampton, 61; - censures the informers, 63; - encourages Phineas, 63; - clears and commends Nottingham, 64; - acknowledges Nottingham's services, 65; - charges Phineas not to quarrel with the informers, 66; - attitude to Phineas during inquiry, 67; - launch of _Red Lion_, 68; - inquiry at Greenwich into abuses in the navy, 68-70; - launch of East India Co.'s ships, 75-6; - feast and tournament at St. James's, 76; - visit to _Prince Royal_ at Woolwich, 77; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80-2; - imprisons Mansell in Marshalsea, 111; - concern at sickness of Phineas, 113; - visits Woolwich, 114; - commands Phineas to assist Commissioners (1618), 119; - gives Phineas blank patent for baronetcy, ciii, 121; - names the _Happy Entrance_ and _Reformation_, 121; - Phineas takes leave of, 126; - visits fleet at Portsmouth, 126; - death of, 134 - - James II, warrant to Shipwrights Co., xxxix - - Jenkins, Thomas, 57, 85, 86, 183 - - Jobson, Humfrey, 197 - - Johnson, Thomas, 56 - - Jones, William, 56 - - Jordan, Edward, 56, 57 _n._ - - Jordon, Edmund, 183 - - - Kech, John, xvi - - Keling, Edward, xxxviii - - Kellie, Earl of, 127 - - Kelm, William de, xvi - - Kent, 151 - - Keymer, Mr., mediates between Waymouth and Phineas, 72-3 - - King, John, master attendant, master of Flemish ship, 9; - _Prince Royal_ inquiry, 56; - captain of _Mathew_, 85, 86; - master of _Prince Royal_, 86, 104; - master of _Rainbow_, 130; - mentioned, 89, 91, 93, 97, 99, 115 - - King, William, assists Phineas, 5 - - King's Bench, Court of, xxxvi - - Kingston, 127, 171, 172 - - - La Boderie, Sieur de, French Ambassador, visit to _Prince Royal_, - 79 - - Lambeth, 22, 127, 140 - - Landguard Point, 152 - - Launching, ceremony at, 81, 83 - - Lawrence, William, xc - - Legatt, John, clerk of the check at Chatham, the Commission of Inquiry, - 34; - inquiry into abuses at Greenwich, 69; - Prince Henry stays at his house, 88; - dinner at, 99; - Nottingham stays at, 105, 111; - mentioned, 89, 98 - - Legatt, Mrs., 122 - - Leigh, 91 - - Lennox, Duke of, 167 - - Levant, voyage to, 5 - - Leveson, Sir Richard, lx - - Lewes, 151 - - Light horseman, 91 _n._ - - Limehouse, model built at, 7; - yard at, 7, 8, 24; - house at, 9, 10, 13, 17, 19; - mentioned, 21, 27, 178 - - Lindsey, Earl of, 143 - - Lisbon, visit in _Resistance_, lix, 25; - ravens of St. Vincent, 32 - - Lizard, 25 - - London, mentioned, 5, 91, 93, 101, 102, 126, 127, 136, 137, 139, 151, - 161, 171; - Algiers committee of merchants, lxxxiv, 122; - All Hallows, Barking, 16; - Birchin lane, 5; - Bridge, 21; - Compter in the Poultry, 139; - Dolphin, 16; - Fleet prison, 139, 141; - Friday Street, 76; - Gresham College, 59; - Inns of Court, 103; - King's Head, 31, 99, 112; - Lord Mayor, 205; - Marshalsea, xxxv, lvii, 111; - Mincing lane, 144, 154; - Paul's wharf, 22; - plague, 19; - St. Dunstan's church, lxxxvii; - St. James's, 50; - St. Mary Overy, 103; - shipwrights, _vide sub voce_; - Somerset House, 114; - Three Cranes, 73; - Tower, 35; - Tower Street, lxxxvii, 79 - - Long Sand Head, 108 - - Love, Captain Thomas, 125, 133 - - Lydiard, Hugh, clerk of the check at Woolwich, xci _n._; - Joseph and Phineas lodge with, 9; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - Joseph born in his house, 34; - salute in his garden, 35, 36; - banquet in parlour, 36; - Phineas and friends dine in his parlour, 37; - Northampton at his house during inquiry, 51; - inquiry before James, 55; - Prince Henry at his house, 81 - - - Mainwaring, Sir Arthur, purchase of _Resistance_, 96 - - Mainwaring, Sir Henry, purchases _Resistance_, 96; - pinnace for Lord Zouch, 116, 117; - captain of _Prince Royal_, 131 - - Malaga, lxxxiv, 123 - - Man-of-war, private, 4 _n._ - - Mansell, Lady, 37, 67 - - Mansell, Sir Robert, xlii, lix, lx, lxi, lxvi, xci; - treasurer of the navy, 24; - part owner of _Resistance_, 25; - purchases trees, 27; - the Commission of Inquiry, 34, 38; - plot revealed to, 40; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 49, 51, 57, 67; - inquiry at Greenwich, 69; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80, 82, 83; - sails to Chatham in, 86-7; - Prince Henry's visit to Chatham, 88-90; - sham sea-fight, 102; - committed to Marshalsea, 111; - attends King of Denmark on visit to Woolwich and Chatham, 114; - entertains Archbishop of Canterbury, 115; - visits Chatham with Buckingham, 120; - expedition against Algiers, lxxxiv, 122; - names the _Leopard_ at Woolwich, 157; - launch and naming of the _Sovereign of the Seas_, 166-7; - mentioned, 27, 28, 37, 68, 79 - - Mar, Earl of, 89 - - Margate, Lady Elizabeth at, 108; - road, 108; - mentioned, 92, 169 - - Marie de Medicis, Queen Mother of France, 172 - - Marsh, James, 183 - - Marten, Sir Henry, judge of Admiralty, xxxv, xxxvii - - Mason, Captain, 140 - - Masters attendant, 102, 119, 145, 166 - - Maurice, Prince of Orange, on board _Prince Royal_, 109 - - May, John, 183 - - Medway, lxxix, 152 - - Melcheburn, Thomas de, xvi - - Melcheburn, William de, xvi - - Meriall, Michael, 56 - - Meritt, Hugh, master attendant, the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry at Woolwich, 54; - master of _Anne Royal_, 106 - - Meritt, Richard, liii; - report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - purveyor in forest of Shotover, 30 - - Meryett. _See_ Meritt - - Middleburg, 110 - - Middleton, David, captain of _Expedition_, 91 - - Middleton, Sir Henry, _Prince Royal_ inquiry at Woolwich, 54 - - Milbourne, Rev. Dr., 99, 100 - - Miller, Captain, 54 - - Mins, Jarvis, 19 - - Minster, church, 94 - - Models, for Lord Treasurer, 7; - for John Trevor, 14; - for Prince Henry, 31; - James intends to compare it with _Prince Royal_, 32; - upon wheels for Prince Charles, 156; - of _Sovereign of the Seas_, 157 - - Mompesson, Sir Giles, waste of timber, 118 - - Montgomery, Earl of, 127 - - Moore, Captain, 54 - - Moptye, John, xlvii _n._ - - Morgan, Captain, lx, 25 - - Morice, Roger, master attendant, 108 - - Mould, 95 _n._ - - Moyle, Captain, 151 - - Murray, Sir David, 31 - - - Navy (abuses in), inquiry moved by Mr. Wiggs, 10; - Northampton's inquiry, 32; - _see also_ Commissions of Inquiry - - Navy Commissioners, xxxix, xl, lxxx, lxxxv, lxxxix, xcviii, c, 136; - their actions questioned, 137 - - Needles, The, 123 - - Newark-upon-Trent, 161 - - Newcastle, carvel, 14; - mentioned, 158, 159, 180, 205 - - New Forest, 118 - - Newman, Rev. Mr., marries Rachel Pett, 2 - - Newman, Richard, 186 - - Newport, Captain Christopher, _Prince Royal_ inquiry at Woolwich, - 54; - master of _Centaur_, 85; - mentioned, 56 _n._ - - Nicholas, Edward, lxxxvii, 211 - - Nicholls, Ann, Phineas meets, 9; - and marries, 10; - sickness, 17; - birth of John, 17; - of Henry, 18; - at Highwood Hill, 19; - birth of Richard, 28; - of Joseph, 34; - of Peter, 78; - of Ann, 100; - sickness and birth of Phineas, 115; - of Mary and Martha, 117; - sickness, 118; - birth of Phineas, 120; - birth of Christopher, 121; - death, 137; - mentioned, 20, 77, 85, 93, 111, 113, 123, 124, 127, 132 - - Nicholls, John, death, 76 - - Nicholls, Katherine, 78; - death of, 136 - - Nicholls, Richard, father-in-law, 10; - death of, 117 - - Noise, band of musical instruments, 20, 21, 34 - - Noman's Land, 132 - - Nonsuch, 78 - - Nore, 87, 150; - head, 21, 91 - - Norreys, Captain Thomas, the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - _Prince Royal_ inquiry at Woolwich, 54; - inquiry into abuses at Greenwich, 70; - Commissioner of Inquiry (1618), lxxxiii, 119; - Phineas under him, 120 - - Northallerton, 161 - - North America, cii - - Northampton, Earl of, lxx, lxxvii; - inquiry into abuses in the navy, lxi, 32; - his book of reformation, lxiii, 37; - combination against Phineas, 38, 43; - result of inquiry reported, 46; - complains to James, 47; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 51, 52, 57; - James thanks him, 62; - discontent at result of inquiry, 67; - inquiry at Greenwich, 69; - attempts to reopen inquiry into _Prince Royal_, 69; - Waymouth relates intrigue, 74; - the _Anne Royal_, 107; - imprisonment of Mansell, 111; - death, 114 - - North Foreland, 71, 108, 116, 126, 169 - - Northumberland, Duke of, Lord High Admiral, xxxv; - Phineas and Peter visit, xcix, 172 - - North-west Passage, Waymouth, lxx, ciii, 71; - Button, 95, 97, 112 - - Nottingham, Earl of, Lord High Admiral, xlix, lvi, lix; - commission of inquiry, lxi; - house at Deptford, 7; - expedition to Cadiz, 7; - Phineas becomes his servant, 8; - gives employment, 10; - gives appointment at Chatham, 15; - order to build small vessel for Prince, 20; - visits ship, 22; - christens it as _Disdain_, 23; - presents Phineas to Prince Henry, 23; - grants Phineas reversion of master shipwright, 23; - supports Phineas against Baker and Bright, 24; - journey to Spain, 25; - makes Phineas master shipwright on death of Joseph, 27; - model for Prince Henry, lxvi, 31; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - plot revealed to, 41; - delivers Phineas' letter to James, 42; - inquiry at Woolwich, lxxiv, 42; - ordered to arrange for inquiry before James at Woolwich, 48; - consults on course to be taken, 49; - inquiry at Woolwich, 51, 57; - receives James there, 52; - cleared and commended by James, 64; - speech in reply, 64; - brings Phineas to take leave of James, 66; - returns to Whitehall, 67; - appointment of master shipwrights to survey the materials for - _Prince Royal_, 68; - orders for apprehension of Waymouth, 72; - pardons him, 75; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 81-3; - survey at Chatham, 92; - arrangements for transport of Lady Elizabeth, 101-3; - sham fight, 102; - commands fleet, 103; - visits Chatham, 104-5; - favour to Phineas during voyage, 105; - _Anne Royal_ aground, 106; - at Margate, 108; - at Flushing, 110; - Middelburg, 110; - at Chatham, 111; - deputation of shipwrights, 112; - concern at sickness of Phineas, 113; - visits Woolwich and Chatham with King of Denmark, 114; - Phineas takes leave, 127; - mentioned, 20, 21, 28, 29, 32, 40, 50, 70, 73, 103, 112, 116, 176 - - Nunn, Rev. Thomas, xlviii; - marries mother of Phineas, 2; - sisters and brother left in his care, 11; - manslaughter of Abigail and trial, 11; - conviction and pardon, 12; - death, 12 - - - Oakham Ness, 150, 154 - - Ooze edge, 94 - - Orlop, 79 _n._ - - Ortegal, Cape, 128 - - Osborn, Richard, xxi - - Osborne, Sir John, 119 - - Oxford, 142 - - - Paglesham, 8 - - Palmer, Henry, jun., 151 - - Palmer, Lady, 151 - - Palmer, Sir Henry, comptroller of navy, mentioned, liv, lvii, lxiii, - 15, 27; - the Commission of Inquiry, 34; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80, 83, 84; - captain of _Rainbow_, 130; - journey to Portsmouth, 151; - brown paper stuff, lxxxix, 153, 155; - release of Phineas from arrest, 154; - Phineas visits, 170 - - Parker, George, 151 - - Parkins, Sir Charles, lxi _n._ - - Parry, Sir Thomas, lxi _n._ - - Pay, Rev. Dr., 99; - chaplain to Lord William Howard, 105 - - Peers, House of, xxxviii - - Pembroke, Earl of, lord chamberlain, 126 - - Pennington, Sir John, dimensions of _Royal Sovereign_, xci; - appointment as Lord High Admiral, xcix; - captain of _Vanguard_, 135; - Rochelle expedition, 138; - release of Phineas from prison, 139; - assists Phineas in prison, 141; - sells baronetcy for him, 142; - Admiral of fleet in Downs, 169, 170 - - Pepys, Samuel, transcribes the MS., vii, ix, x, civ; - mentioned, xl, liii, xcvii - - Perin, Robert, 19 - - Petre, Lord, mentioned, 34 - - Pett, early instances of the name, xliii; - family of, xlii; - genealogical tables, l, li - - Pett, Abigail, killed by stepfather, 12 - - Pett, Ann (wife). _See_ Nicholls - - Pett, Ann (daughter), birth of, 100 - - Pett, Ann (wife of Christopher), 168 - - Pett, Arthur, 56 - - Pett, Christopher, xcvii; - birth of, 121; - voyage to Harwich, 151, 153; - in north of England, 161 - - Pett, Elizabeth (mother). _See_ Thornton - - Pett, Elizabeth (sister), ill-treatment by stepfather, 11; - at Limehouse, 13; - death, 13 - - Pett, Elizabeth (widow of Peter), arrest of Phineas for debt due to - her, lxxxvi, 154 - - Pett, Henry, birth, 18, 28; - death, 112 - - Pett, John (great-grandfather), xliv, xlvi - - Pett, John (son), birth, 17, 28; - voyage to Spain, 125; - return, 132; - goes to Ireland, 133; - married, 136, 138; - captain of merchant ship, 137; - captain of _Sixth Whelp_, 138; - takes leave, 140; - lost at sea, 140-1 - - Pett, Joseph, master shipwright, grant to, xxiv; - mentioned, xlvii, xlviii, liii; - succeeds his father, Peter, 4; - unkindness to Phineas and Noah, 4; - loan to Phineas, 5; - sheathes _Defiance_, 6; - employs Phineas, 6; - rebuilds _Triumph_, 6; - yard at Limehouse, 7, 8; - employs Phineas on _Elizabeth Jonas_, 9; - lack of assistance from, 13, 15; - reconciliation, 15; - reversion of post to Phineas, 23; - wharf at Limehouse, 24; - death, burial at Stepney, 27; - mentioned, 174, 178 - - Pett, Joseph (son), birth, 34; - death, 136 - - Pett, Joseph (nephew), mentioned, 151, 153; - his wife mentioned, 158 - - Pett, Katharine. _See_ Cole - - Pett, Lydia, xlviii; - death, 76 - - Pett, Martha, birth of, 117; - married to John Hodierne, 164 - - Pett, Mary (sister), ill-treatment by stepfather, 12; - at Limehouse, 13; - sickness, 14; - death of husband, 117; - death, 137 - - Pett, Mary (daughter), birth of, 117; - death, 118 - - Pett, Mildred. _See_ Byland - - Pett, Noah, xlviii; - emigrates to Ireland, 4; - master in _Popinjay_, 5; - drowned at Cork, 6 - - Pett, Peter (of Harwich), xliv, xlvii - - Pett, Peter (of Deptford), master shipwright: - grants to, xxi, xxii, xxiii, xxiv; - grant of arms, xliv, 218; - father of Phineas, 1; - lodging at Chatham, 2; - death, 2; - ships built by, xlvii, lxx; - his children, lxviii, l - - Pett, Peter (of Wapping), xlii, xlv, xlviii, lxix; - death, lxxxvi; - assists his brother, 4, 5; - woods at Paglesham, 8; - purveyor in forest of Alice Holt, 30; - mentioned, 78, 113, 178, 183 - - Pett, Peter (son of Peter of Wapping), voyage in _Disdain_, 93; - builds the _Sixth Whelp_, 139; - builds _James_, 154; - mentioned, 120, 145 _n._ - - Pett, Peter (the younger), xlviii; - service as tutor, 12; - ill-treatment by father-in-law, 12; - lives at Limehouse, 13; - clerk in Arches, 14; - death, 16 - - Pett, Peter (son), commissioner at Chatham, ix; - Shipwrights' Company, xxxvii, xxxix; - rebuilds _Prince Royal_, lxxxi; - plan of _Sovereign_, xci; - portrait, ci; - birth of, 78; - builds _Charles_, 149; - voyage in _Henrietta_, 151; - arrangements for marriage, 152; - journey to Woodbridge, 152; - to build new ship, 153; - married to Mr. Cole's daughter, 153; - visit to father at Chatham, 156; - builds _Leopard_ at Woolwich, 156-7; - sets out for north of England, 158; - timber for _Sovereign_, 160; - return to Woolwich, 162; - on board _Sovereign_, 169, - accompanies father to King, 171; - and Lord Admiral, 172 - - Pett, Phineas, the manuscript, vii; - table of his relations, l; - of his family, li; - birth, 1; - school at Rochester, 1; - at Greenwich, 2; - enters Emmanuel College, 2; - misfortunes from his mother's second marriage, 2; - apprenticed as shipwright, 3; - serves under Mathew Baker, 3; - ships as carpenter's mate in the _Constance_, 4; - assisted by a stranger, 5; - misery of voyage, 5; - lands in Ireland and visits his uncle at Dublin, 5; - returns to London and lodges with his brother Peter, 5; - assistance of brother Joseph, 5; - employed on _Defiance_ and _Triumph_, 6; - employed by Baker on _Repulse_, 7; - instruction given by Baker, liii, 7; - makes model for Burghley, 8; - presented to Nottingham, lvi, 8; - employed by Joseph, 8; - courtship, 9; - takes house at Limehouse, 9; - married to Ann Nicholls, 10; - unemployed, 10; - purveyor of timber in Suffolk and Norfolk, 11; - trouble over the accounts, lvi, 11; - takes care of his brother and sisters, 12; - model made for Trevor, 14; - studies mathematics, 14; - appointed storekeeper at Chatham, 15; - reconciliation with Joseph, 15; - takes house at Chatham, 16; - nearly captured by Dunkirker, 16; - assistant master shipwright, 17; - contractor for victualling, 17; - sued at law for striking George Collins, lvii, 18; - undertakes to fit out fleet, 18; - voyage to Ipswich, 19; - journey to Highwood Hill, 19; - works on _Answer_, 20; - his letter to Baker, liii; - builds _Disdain_ for Prince Henry, 21; - voyage up the Thames, 21; - presented to Prince Henry, 23; - granted reversion of master shipwright's place, xxvi, 23, 173; - builds _Resistance_, 24; - voyage to Spain in her, lviii, 25; - returns to Chatham, 26; - journeys to East Bere, 26, 28; - succeeds Joseph as master shipwright despite opposition of Stevens, - xxv, 27; - King of Denmark visits Chatham, 29; - works on _Ark Royal_ and _Victory_, lxiv, 30; - journeys to Alice Holt and Shotover, 30; - elected master of Shipwrights' Co., 30; - makes model for Prince Henry, lxvi, 31; - interview with James I, 32; - Commission of Inquiry (1608), lxi, 32; - entertainment of Prince Henry, 34; - launch of _Anne Royal_, 37; - lays keel of _Prince Royal_, 37; - hostility of other shipwrights, 38; - warned by Vicars, 38; - frustrates Waymouth, 40; - seeks help of Mansell and Trevor, 40; - and of Nottingham, 41; - Nottingham visits James, 42; - inquiry ordered, lxxiv, 42; - inquiry at Woolwich, lxxv, 44; - anger of Northampton, 46; - James decides on personal inquiry, 47; - support of Prince Henry, 50; - proceedings of inquiry before James, lxxxi, 51-66; - James exonerates him, 63; - favoured by James, 68; - inquiry into abuses at Greenwich, 69; - the case of the _Resistance_, lviii, 70; - Waymouth appeals to him, 73; - displeasure of Prince Henry, 75; - feast at St. James's, 76; - Prince Henry visits him, 76; - the Prince and James examine the _Prince Royal_, 77; - visitors to the ship, 77; - survey of the navy, 78; - journey to Nonsuch, 78; - preparations for launching, 79; - failure to launch, 81; - disappointment of James, 82; - _Prince Royal_ launched, and named by Prince Henry, 83; - removes from Woolwich to Chatham, 85; - _Resistance_ sails for the Straits, 85, 93; - embarks in _Prince Royal_, and sails to Chatham, 86; - journey to London, 87; - visit of Prince Henry to Chatham, 88; - takes leave at Gravesend, 90; - search for Arabella Stuart, 91; - on board _Resistance_ in storm, 91; - reproved by Prince Henry for survey of navy, 92; - voyage in _Disdain_, 93; - at Woolwich, 94; - choice of, ship for N.W. Passage, 95; - takes leave of Button, 96; - builds _Phœnix_, 96; - sells _Resistance_, 96; - visit to Prince Henry, 97; - visit of Prince's suite, 98; - master of Shipwrights' Co., 99; - portrait commenced, ci, 100; - grief at death of Prince Henry, 101; - journey to London and preparations for marriage and transport of - Lady Elizabeth, 102; - takes lodging in Westminster, 102; - sham sea-fight, 103; - preparation of fleet, 104; - embarks in _Prince Royal_, 105; - _Prince Royal_ put aground, 106; - sails for Netherlands, 109; - visits Flushing and Middelburg, 110; - returns to England, 111; - takes over _Merhonour_ on death of Baker, 112; - falls from horse, 112; - taken ill on journey to Westminster, 112; - returns to Woolwich, 113; - fall in _Merhonour_, 114; - royal visits to Woolwich and Chatham, 114; - removes to Chatham, 115; - builds _Destiny_ for Raleigh, lxxxviii, 115, 117; - purchases land at Chatham, 116; - master of Shipwrights' Co., 116; - builds pinnace for Lord Zouch and sails to Dover, 116; - employed in New Forest, 118; - Commission of Inquiry (1618), lxxxiii, 119; - placed under Norreys, 119; - makes dock at Chatham, 120; - visit of Buckingham, 120; - James gives him patent for baronetcy, 121; - builds pinnaces for Algiers Expedition, lxxxiii, 122; - sails to Malaga, 123; - returns to Chatham, 124; - _Prince Royal_ prepared for voyage to Spain, 125; - letter to Buckingham, 212; - sails to Santander, lxxxviii, 126; - Prince Charles at Santander, 128; - returns, 130; - at Scilly Islands, 131; - lands at Dover, 132; - presented with gold chain and attends Prince to the Parliament, 133; - colliers fitted as men-of-war, 133; - storm in the Downs, 133; - visited by Charles I, 134; - sails to Boulogne to fetch Henrietta Maria, 135; - plans for small ships, 136; - appointed on Commission of Inquiry (1626), 137; - death of wife, 137; - married to Mrs. Yardley, 138; - building of _Lion's Whelps_, 138; - arrested for debt, lxxxvi, 139; - Charles I gives him patent for baronetcy, 139; - murder of Buckingham, 140; - returns from Portsmouth to Chatham, 140; - imprisoned in the Fleet, 141; - repairs dock at Woolwich, 142; - falls from horse, 142; - surrenders house at Chatham, visits various forests, 142; - appointed assistant principal officer, 144; - at Portsmouth, 144; - taken ill on journey home to Woolwich, 145; - appointed a principal officer, 145; - Charles attends launch at Woolwich, 146; - removes to Chatham, 147; - Charles visits Chatham, 147; - at Portsmouth, 148; - returns to Chatham, 149; - entertains Charles at Woolwich, 149; - returns to Chatham in _Henrietta_, 150; - journeys to Portsmouth, 150; - returns to Chatham, 151; - sails to Harwich in _Henrietta_, 151; - at Woodbridge, 152; - returns to Chatham, 153; - sale of brown paper stuff, lxxxix, 153, 155; - at Harwich, 153; - Woodbridge, 154; - return to Chatham, 154; - arrested at instance of sister-in-law, lxxxvi, 154; - model for Prince Charles, 156; - Charles commissions him to build a great ship, xci, 156; - model of the _Sovereign_, 157; - receives arrears of pension, 157; - voyage to Yorkshire, 159; - visits Foxe, 159; - at Newcastle, 159; - selects trees in Chopwell and Brancepeth, 160; - leaves Durham for London, 161; - visits Cambridge, 161; - returns to Chatham, 162; - keel of _Sovereign_ laid, 162; - assists in salvage of _Anne Royal_, 163; - Charles visits Woolwich, 162, 163; - death of wife, Susan, 164; - failure to launch _Sovereign_, 165; - launched, 166; - royal visit to ship, 167-8; - embarks in _Sovereign_, 169; - in the Downs, 169; - disembarks at Deal and returns to Chatham, 170; - death of wife, Mildred, 171; - visits Charles, 171; - visits Northumberland, 172; - the last years, xcix; - his death, c; - character and ability, ci; - interest in arctic exploration, cii; - Virginia Co., ciii; - income, ciii; - motive in writing the autobiography, civ - - Pett, Phineas (seventh child), birth of, 115; - death, 118 - - Pett, Phineas (tenth child), birth of, 120 - - Pett, Phineas (son of John), birth of, 141 - - Pett, Phineas (grandson), lends Pepys the MS., ix - - Pett, Sir Phineas, ci - - Pett, Rachel, marries Rev. Mr. Newman, 2; - death, 3 - - Pett, Richard (son of Peter), xlviii - - Pett, Richard (son), birth of, 28; - mentioned, 127, 140; - foreman at Chatham, 137; - accompanies father to prison, 141; - death, 143 - - Pett, Thomas, of Skipton, xliv, xlv - - Pett, William, master shipwright, xxiii, xlvii - - Pett, William, xlix _n._ - - Pett, William (nephew), 120 - - Pette, William, xlvi - - Phillips, Sir Edward, lxi _n._ - - Phineas, derivation of name, lii, 1 - - Pickasee, Mr., victualling at Chatham, 17 - - Picks, William, 183 - - Pitt, William, 119 - - Plague, 19 - - Plats, 95 - - Plumstead, 77 - - Plymouth, 205; - Sound, 128, 214 - - Popham, Sir John, lord chief justice, 13 - - Pole, William de la, xvi - - Pope, Mr., lvii - - Portsmouth, xxi, xlvi, 126, 127, 132, 138, 140, 151; - Dock, 144; - examination of harbour, 144; - worm at, 145; - Queen's Head, 148; - King at, 148; - survey at, 150 - - Pory, John, mediates between Waymouth and Phineas, 72-3 - - Price, Rev. Dr., 101 - - Prime, Thomas, 57, 178 - - Principal Officers of the Navy, 81, 99, 102, 119, 138-9, 142, 145, 147, - 148; - Phineas, created assistant to, 143; - meet in Mincing Lane, 144, 146 - - Privy Council, inquiry before James at Woolwich, 52; - release of Phineas from prison, 139; - mentioned, lxxxiv, 29, 68, 72, 76, 81, 122, 138 - - Prytly, 108 - - Puniett, Thomas, 85, 86, 123 - - Pyham, Rev. John, 120, 136 - - - Queenborough, 25, 88, 89, 91, 93, 105, 106, 126, 158 - - - Rabye, Nicholas, 178 - - Radclyffe, Francis, 121 - - Rainham, 16 - - Ralegh, Sir Walter, lxxxviii; - Phineas contracts to build _Destiny_, 115; - launched, 116; - mentioned, 116, 139, 211 - - Rammekens, 110 - - Ratcliff, xxxiv, 20, 77, 91, 118, 139, 178; - Phineas lodges at, 101; - _Mercury_ and _Spy_ built at, 122 - - Redriff (Rotherhithe), company of shipwrights, xxxii; - court of shipwrights, 40; - common hall, 116; - mentioned, 178, 181, 182, 205 - - Red Sand, 123 - - Redwood, Thomas, 54 - - Reynolds, Henry, appointed to survey materials for _Prince Royal_, - 68 - - Reynolds, John, master gunner of _Prince Royal_, 86, 90, 97, 107; - mentioned, 98; - master gunner of England, 133 - - Rich, Henry. _See_ Holland - - Richmond, 31, 92, 97, 98 - - Rickman, Robert, 54 - - Rochelle, ships for expedition, 138; - mentioned, 140 - - Rochester, Free School, 2; - Boley Hill, 16, 20; - proclamation at, 19; - college of, 116; - St. Margaret's Church, 138; - Crown Inn, 147; - King at, 148; - mentioned, 99, 100, 115, 205 - - Rock, Thomas, ship-painter, ci, 19, 100 - - Rogers, Thomas, xlvii _n._ - - Rotherhithe. _See_ Redriff - - Rupert, Prince, 162 - - Russell, James, 178 - - Russell, Mrs., 120 - - Rutland, Earl of, Admiral of fleet fetching Prince Charles from Spain, - 127, 131 - - Rye, 26 - - - Sackville, Edward. _See_ Dorset - - St. Helens, 132 - - St. James's Palace, 23, 88, 100, 101, 132, 156 - - St. John, Captain Sir William, 88 - - St. Mary Creek, 87, 105, 125, 126, 154, 171 - - St. Vincent, ravens of, 32 - - St. Vincent, Cape, 123 - - Salisbury, Earl of, lord high treasurer, advises James not to discharge - men working on _Prince Royal_, 48; - the inquiry before James at Woolwich, 57; - mediates on behalf of Waymouth, 72, 74; - search for Arabella Stuart, 91 - - Salmon, R., 216 - - Sandis, Edwyn, xcix - - Sandwich, 135, 136 - - San Lucar, lix, 26 - - Santa Maria (Cape), 26 - - Santander, 26, 125, 128, 130 - - Scarborough, 159 - - Scavelmen, 82 _n._ - - Scilly Islands, mentioned, 130; - Prince Charles lands, 131; - stays in Castle Hugh, 132; - leaves, 132 - - Scotland, xlvi - - Scotland Yard, 156 - - Seames, The, 141 - - Seaton, Colonel Sir John, xcix - - Seville, 26 - - Sharpe, Robert, 57, 93 - - Sheerness, 87, 94 - - Sheldon, Francis, clerk of check at Woolwich, 153 - - Sheppey, Isle, 94 - - Ships, Shipwrights' Company to examine, xxxii; - armament of, xxxii; - of Holland, lxxiii, 130; - Flemish, 9; - Newcastle carvel, 14; - little, for the Prince, 21; - pinnace for the Prince, 96; - for Lord Zouch, 116; - general survey, 119; - ketch, 130; - Dunkirk, 130; - _See also_ Models - - Ships, named, merchant: - _Althea_, 85 - _Archangel_, lxx - _Centaur_, 85 - _Constance_, 4 - _Destiny_, lxxxvi, lxxxviii, ciii, 54 _n._, 117, 211, 217 - _Discovery_, lxx, 95 _n._, 97 _n._ - _Dolphin_, 133 - _Expedition_, 54 _n._, 91 _n._ - _Godspeed_, lxx - _Mathew_, 85 - _Mercury_, lxxxiv, ciii, 122, 217 - _Peppercorn_, 75, 76 - _Resistance_, lviii, lxiii, lxviii, cii, 24-26, 70, 77, 78, 84, - 85, 91-3, 95, 96, 217 - _Resolution_, cii, 95 _n._, 97 _n._ - _Spy_, lxxxiv, ciii, 122, 217 - _Trade's Increase_, 75, 76 - - Ships named, royal: - _Achates_, xlvii - _Advantage_, xlvii - _Anne Royal_ (_See_ also _Ark Royal_), lxiv, 34, 35, - 37, 103, 105-7, 163 - _Answer_, liii, lxviii, 20, 24, 217 - _Antelope_, 125, 133, 134, 213 - _Ark Royal_, 21, 29, 30, 37, 217 - _Bear_, lxx, 25, 29 - _Bonaventure_, 95 - _Britannia_, ci - _Charles_, 149, 150, 164 _n._, 217 - _Convertive_, lxxxviii; _See_ also _Destiny_ - _Crane_, lvii - _Defiance_, xlvii, 6, 94-5, 112, 114, 115, 129, 217 - _Disdain_, 23, 93, 102, 217 - _Dreadnought_, 95 - _Elizabeth Jonas_, lxxx, 9, 10, 24, 29, 115 - _Foresight_, lix, lx - _Fortune Pink_, 156 - _Garland_, 170 - _George_, 213 - _Golden Lion_, 29, 56 _n._ - _Grace Dieu_, xvii, xlvi - _Greyhound_, xlvii, 163, 217 - _Happy Entrance_, 121 - _Henrietta_, 137, 151, 153, 217 - _Henrietta Maria_, 149 - _Henri Grace à Dieu_, xvii - _James_, 154 - _Leader_ barge, xxii - _Leopard_, 156, 157 - _Lion_, 103, 147 - _Lion_ barge, xxii - _Lion's Whelps_, 17, 138, 149 - _Maria_, 137, 148, 217 - _Mary Rose_, 215 - _Merhonour_, lxvii, 94, 95, 112, 114, 115, 217 - _Moon_, xlvii, lxviii, 17, 217 - _Phœnix_, 96, 104, 217 - _Popinjay_, 5 - _Primrose_, 19 - _Prince Royal_, lxvi-lxxxii, lxxxix, civ, 37-68, 77, 79-87, 90, - 99, 103-110, 114, 115, 119, 124-7, 134, 147, 207, 212, 214, 217 - _Rainbow_, xlvii, 130 - _Red Lion_ (_see_ also _Golden Lion_), 68 - _Reformation_, 121 - _Regent_, xvii, xlvi - _Repulse_, lvii, 6 - _Roebuck_, 163, 217 - _St. Denis_, 146, 151 _n._ - _St. Esprit_, 138 - _St. George_, 125, 132 - _Sovereign of the Seas_, ix, xlii, lxxix, xci-xcix, c, ci, 156, - 162, 164-171, 214, 217 - _Spy_, 103 - _Swiftsure_, xlvii, 29 - _Triumph_, 6, 7, 115 - _Unicorn_, lxxx, 154 - _Vanguard_, 135, 142, 146 - _Victory_, lxiv, lxvi, 29, 146 - _Warspite_, xxii - - Shipwright, master, origin of, xv; - rate of pay, xviii, xxvii; - two classes, xxviii; - mentioned, xxi, lxiv, 95, 102, 145, 119 - - Shipwrights, early, xv; - scale of pay, xix; - petition for incorporation, xxix, 175; - Waymouth's criticisms of, lxxi; - deputation to Lord High Admiral concerning arrears of pay, 112; - Commission of Inquiry (1618), 119; - of Thames, 124; - launch of _Sovereign_, 164 - - Shipwrights, Company of (incorporated), origin of, xxix; - charter of 1605, xxix, 176; - charter of 1612, xxx, 179; - its powers, xxxii; - opposition of rivals, xxxiii; - parliamentary powers sought, xxxvii, xxxviii, xl; - in difficulties, xxxviii; - ceases to function, xxxix; - surrenders charter and attempts to obtain new one, xxxix; - Phineas elected master, 30, 99, 116; - Court at Redriff, 40 - - Shipwrights, Company of (London), origin, xxxiii; - disputes with incorporated company, xxxiv; - exempted from its jurisdiction, xxxv - - Shoreham, 72, 151, 171 - - Shorn, xliii - - Short, John, clerk of check at Chatham, 171 - - Short, Mrs., 171 - - Shorten, 109 _n._, 127 _n._ - - Shotover, 30, 142, 149, 153 - - Shrewsbury, Earl of, 89 - - Simonson, Martha, 20 - - Simonson, Mrs., 20, 115 - - Simonson, Nicholas, dock at Ratcliff, 77; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80; - suicide, 118; - mentioned, 9, 57, 178, 183 - - Sion House, 172 - - Skipton, xliv - - Sluis, 109 - - Smith, Robert, messenger, 146 - - Smith, Sir Thomas, 118, 122, 126 - - Smith, Thomas, c _n._, ci - - Smyth, John, shipwright, xxi - - Southampton, xlvii, 178, 205 - - South Sand Head, 169 - - Southwark, 103 _n._ - - Southwold, 10 - - Spain, voyage to, lix, lxxxi, lxxxviii, 2, 125-32, 214 - - Spencer, Lawrence, boatswain of _Prince Royal_, 86 - - Spicke, Mrs., 113 - - Spits, The, 108, 158 - - Stamford, 161 - - Starland, Mr., 147 - - Start, The, 26 - - Stephins, William, shipwright, xxii - - Stepney, 10, 27 - - Stevens, Edward, master shipwright, xxii; - grant to, xxv; - report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - reversion of master shipwright's place, 20, 23; - fails to obtain it on death of Joseph, 27; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - combines against Phineas, 38, 43; - evidence before inquiry, 45; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 49, 55, 60; - censured by James, 63; - at Chatham with Phineas, survey of _Prince_, 124; - mentioned, 178, 183 - - Stevens, Edward, junior, shipwright, 149 - - Steward, Sir Francis, voyage to Spain, 125, 132, 213 - - Stockton, 159 - - Stokes Bay, 126, 127 - - Stonham Aspul, xliii - - Stowmarket, 161 - - Stowood, 142, 149, 153 - - Straits, The, 26, 91, 93 - - Strood, 90, 147 - - Stuart, Arabella, escape and search for, 91 - - Stuart, James. _See_ Lennox - - Suffolk, 151 - - Suffolk, Earl of, lord high chamberlain, inquiry on _Prince Royal_, - lxxiv, 42; - lord treasurer, 117 - - Sunderland, 160 - - Sunning Park, 143 - - Surtis, Nicholas, 57, 93 - - Sussex, 148 - - Sutton, Sir Richard, 119 - - Swatchway, 17 - - - Taylor, John, 145 _n._ - - Tayte, Lewis, lxxxviii, 211 - - Terne, Nathaniel, xc - - Terringham, Francis, 153 - - Thames, River, mentioned, 49, 53, 176; - ice in, 123 - - Theobalds Park, 8, 80, 125, 212 - - Thetford, xliv - - Thornton, Elizabeth (mother of Phineas), wife of Peter Pett, xlviii, 1; - marries Rev. T. Nunn, 2; - death, 8 - - Thornton, George, captain in navy, assists his nephew, Noah, 4; - visited at Dublin, 5 - - Through head, 9 _n._ - - Tilbury, 21 - - Tilbury Hope, 19, 87, 88, 93, 123, 163 - - Titchfield Haven, 148 - - Together, 96 - - Tonnage, measurement of, 96 - - Tranckmore, Robert, the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 55 - - Treswell, Robert, 143 - - Trevor, Lady, 37 - - Trevor, Sir John, surveyor of the navy, lvi, lix, lx, lxvi; - especial friend, 11; - model for, 14, 15; - sick, 18; - part owner of _Resistance_, 25; - purchases trees, 27; - the Commission of Inquiry, 38; - plot revealed to, 40; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 49, 51, 57, 67; - inquiry into abuses at Greenwich, 69; - survey of navy, 78; - launch of _Prince Royal_, 80, 83; - transfers post of surveyor to Bingley, 92; - mentioned, 23, 27, 28, 37, 68, 138 - - Trevor, Sir Sackville, 129 - - Trinity House, report on Shipwrights' Company, xxxix; - masters of, on inquiry of 1618, 119; - examination of Portsmouth Harbour, 145; - masters of, 165, 166, 167; - protest against building _Royal Sovereign_, xci, 214 - - Tuck, 44 _n._ - - Tuxford, 161 - - - Ungle, Robert, 11 - - Upnor, lxxix, 87, 89, 93, 104 _n._ - - - Vale. _See_ a Vale - - Valladolid, lix - - Vane, Sir Henry, c; - comptroller of household, 155 - - Vaughan, Rev. Mr., 164 - - Vere, 110 - - Vicars, Sebastian, carver, warns Phineas of combination against him, - 38, 39; - death, 112; - mentioned, 207 - - Virginia Company, ciii - - - Waade, Sir William, lxi _n._ - - Wales, 177, 179, 180 - - Wales, Prince of. _See_ Henry _and_ Charles - - Walsham-le-Willows, xlv - - Wanstead, 157 - - Wapping, xlviii, 5 - - Warwick, Earl of, Lord High Admiral, xxxvii, xcix - - Waterford, 5 - - Watford, Richard, 183 - - Wathsfield, xliii, xlv - - Watts, Captain, _Prince Royal_ inquiry at Woolwich, 54 - - Waymouth, Captain George, arctic exploration, lxx, ciii; - knowledge of shipbuilding, lxx-lxxiv; - report on _Prince Royal_, lxxv; - the Commission of Inquiry, 33; - combines against Phineas, 38; - reveals plot to Burrell, 40; - evidence before inquiry, 45; - inquiry before James at Woolwich, 49, 51, 54, 55, 60; - failure in building small ship, 70; - goes to Flushing and Antwerp, 72; - ordered to be apprehended as a pirate, 72; - applies to Earl of Salisbury for protection, 72; - pension as master engineer, 72; - advised to get Phineas to mediate with Lord Admiral, 73; - Phineas invited to supper, 73; - Mr. Pory attempts reconciliation, 73; - asks Phineas to pardon him, 74; - explains how he was induced to act against him, 74; - pardoned, 75; - death, 75; - North-west Passage, 95 _n._ - - Webb, Mr., master of free school at Rochester, 2 - - Wells, John, xci - - Wells, Thomas, 183 - - Wentbridge, 161 - - Westminster, mentioned, 19, 33, 40, 88, 112, 143, 211; - Abbey, 101; - St. Stephen's Alley, 102 - - Weston, 8, 11, 12 - - Weston, Richard (Lord), commissioner for the navy, 119; - lord treasurer, 139, 141, 142, 143, 146, 148 - - Weymouth, 128 - - Whitaker Spit, 126 - - Whitby, 159 - - Whitechapel, lvii - - Whitehall, 22, 31, 32, 40, 46, 50, 67, 89, 114, 149, 164, 165; - sham sea-fight, 102; - masque by water, 103; - privy stairs, 103; - privy gallery, 157 - - Whitehead, Esau, 178 - - Whiting, Walter, master of _Prince Royal_, 131 - - Wiggs, Thomas, 10 - - Wight, Isle of, 148, 214 - - Wilkinson, Robert, 178 - - Williams, Thomas, shipwright, 136 - - Wills, Mr., 85 - - Wilson, George, boatswain of _Lion_, 21; - master attendant, 138, 142 - - Wilson, Mr., Prince Henry's tailor, 97 - - Windebank, Sir Francis, secretary of state, 155 - - Windebank, Sir Thomas, 23, 24 - - Windsor, 112, 143 - - Witham, 162 - - Wolstenholme, Sir John, 119 - - Wood, Gilbert, presents Phineas to Lord High Admiral, 8 - - Wood, John, first servant, 6 - - Woodbridge, The Crown, 152; - church, 154; - collier of, 160; - mentioned, 150, 156, 158, 162, 178, 205 - - Woodcott, James, 54 - - Woodcott, John, 56 - - Woodcott, Mathew, 54 - - Woolwich, _Defiance_ brought into dock, 6; - _Triumph_ at, 7; - _Elizabeth Jonas_ brought into dock, 9; - launched out, 10; - _Ark Royal_ and _Victory_ docked, 29, 30; - new gates for dock, 34; - church, 34; - _Ark Royal_ renamed, 37; - investigation into state of _Prince Royal_, 42, 44; - James resolves on personal inquiry at, 47; - _Merhonour_ and _Defiance_ docked, 94; - and rebuilt, 112; - neglect at, 113; - Phineas returns to, 113, 143; - visit of King of Denmark, 114; - _Merhonour_ and _Defiance_ launched, 115; - _Elizabeth Jonas_ and _Triumph_ docked, 115; - _Destiny_ built in galley dock, 116; - _Vanguard_ docked, 142; - dock renewed, 142; - Richard Pett buried at, 143; - Phineas returns ill from Portsmouth, 145; - launch of _Vanguard_ and _Victory_, 146; - _Charles_ built, 149; - King visits, 149; - Peter to build ship at, 153; - _Unicorn_ launched, 154; - _Leopard_ built, 156; - launched, 157; - visit of Charles to, 156; - _Sovereign_ to be built at, 158; - timber for, 160; - keel laid, 162; - visit of Charles I, 162; - and Palsgrave, 162, 163; - launch of the _Sovereign_, 166; - docked, 167; - mentioned, _passim_ - - Worcester, Earl of, master of the horse, visits ship, 22; - mentioned, 27, 28; - inquiry on _Prince Royal_, lxxiv, 42 - - Wotton, Lord, lxi _n._ - - Wright, Robert, 56 - - - Yacht, 109 - - Yardley, Catherine, married to John, 136; - married to Edward Stevens, 149 - - Yardley, Edward, 146, 151 - - Yardley, Robert, 115, 136, 138 - - Yardley, Susan, married to Phineas, 138; - mentioned, 142; - journey to Chatham, 146, 164; - death, 164 - - Yarmouth, 205; - road, 158, 178 - - York, 161 - - York, Duke of. _See_ Charles I - - - Zapata, Cardinal, 129 - - Zouch, Lord, lord warden of cinque ports, lxi, lxxvii; - pinnace built for, ciii, 116, 117 - - - AT THE BALLANTYNE PRESS - PRINTED BY SPOTTISWOODE, BALLANTYNE AND CO. LTD. - COLCHESTER, LONDON AND ETON, ENGLAND - - - - - * * * * * * - - - - -Transcriber's note: - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - Bold text is denoted by =equal signs=. - - A superscript is denoted by ^; for example, Cap^n and Ma^{ty}. - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within - the text and consultation of external sources. - - Footnotes [298], [319] and [322] are referenced more than once (they - have multiple anchors). - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, - Raleigh, Ralegh; sweet meats, sweetmeats; sea captain, sea-captain; - connexion; throughly; cozened. - - Pg vii, the etext has 'subtraction sums of the form 1612 - 1570 = 42'; - the original text has a three-line math format for the subtraction. - Pg xliii Footnote [73], 'see Rye' replaced by '_see_ Rye'. - Pg lvii Footnote [103], the two dates are on separate lines one above - the other, and are braced together with } in the original text; - this is replaced in the etext by '1602 Oct 14, 1603 June 19'. - Pg lxxiii, 'shipwrights a r no' replaced by 'shipwrights are no'. - Pg lxxvii, 'HNorthampton.' replaced by 'H. Northampton.'. - Pg lxxviii, 'HNorthampton.' replaced by 'H. Northampton.'. - Pg lxxxii, missing anchor [141] added to 'Appendix,[141] which are'. - Pg 45, 'any the materials used' replaced by 'any of the materials used'. - Pg 119, 'Richard[445] Sutton,' replaced by 'Richard Sutton,[445]'. - Pg 120, '3rd day of the same month' replaced by '3rd day of the next - month'. - Pg 136, the sentence between the lines of asterisks has been moved to - the top of the paragraph from the middle of it. - Pg 153, 'of out Stowood' replaced by 'out of Stowood'. - - Appendix IV, italic formatting of heading 'Charter to Shipwrights' - removed for consistency with headings of other Appendices. - - Index, 'Caesar, Sir' replaced by 'Cæsar, Sir'. - Index, 'Pett, Peter (son)' reference to page cxvii changed to xci. - Index, 'Trinity House', reference to page 314 changed to 214. - - Some abbreviations used in the text are explained below: - A^o Anno (in the year) - Cal. S.P. Dom. Calendar of State Papers Domestic - H.C.A. High Court of Admiralty - N.E.D. New English Dictionary (late 1800s) - N.R.S. Navy Records Society - P.R.O. Public Records Office - S.P.D. State Papers Domestic - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF PHINEAS PETT*** - - -******* This file should be named 51357-0.txt or 51357-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/5/1/3/5/51357 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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