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- margin-left: .5em; - margin-top: 1.2em; - text-align: center; - font-size: smaller; - color: black; - background: #eeeeee; - border: dashed 1px; -} - -div.genorder { - text-align: center; - font-size: 80%; - float: left; - width: 40%; -} - -.bbox {margin: 0em; - padding: .5em; - border: solid 2px;} - -.bbox2 {border: solid 2px; margin: 0; padding: 0;} - -.center {text-align: center; text-indent: 0em;} -.left {text-align: left;} -.right {text-align: right; margin-right: 1em;} -.rt {text-align: right; margin-right: 1em; margin-top: -1.7em;} - -.smcap {font-variant: small-caps;} - -.wsp {word-spacing: 0.3em;} -.lsp {letter-spacing: 0.2em;} -.lsp3 {letter-spacing: 0.3em;} - -.blka {display:block; text-align:right;} -.blkb {display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle;} - -.caption {margin: auto; - padding-top: 1em; - padding-bottom: 1em; - text-align: center; - font-weight: normal;} - -.pg-brk {page-break-before: always;} - -/* Images */ -img {border: none; max-width: 100%} - -.figcenter { - margin: auto; - padding-top: 1em; - padding-bottom: 1em; - text-align: center; - page-break-inside: avoid; -} - -/* Footnotes */ -.footnotes {border: dashed 1px; margin-top: 2em; margin-bottom: 3em; - padding-bottom: 1em;} - -.footnote {margin-left: 10%; margin-right: 10%; font-size: 90%;} -.footnote .label {position: absolute; right: 84%; text-align: right;} - -.fnanchor { - vertical-align: super; - font-size: .8em; - text-decoration: - none; -} - -/* Transcriber's notes */ -.transnote { - background-color: #E6E6FA; - color: black; - font-size:90%; - padding:0.5em; - margin-top:5em; - margin-bottom:5em; - font-family:sans-serif, serif; -} - -.transnote p {text-indent: 0em;} - - </style> - </head> - -<body> - - -<pre> - -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Fourth, or Royal -Irish Regiment of Dragoon Guards, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Historical Record of the Fourth, or Royal Irish Regiment of Dragoon Guards - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: March 6, 2016 [EBook #51376] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by the Library of Congress) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="transnote"> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been -corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within -the text and consultation of external sources.</p> - -<p>More detail can be found at <a href="#TN">the end of the book.</a></p> -</div> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="original cover" /> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<div class="bbox"> -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/frontispiece.jpg" alt="Frontispiece" /> -</div></div> - -<div class="caption pg-brk"> - -<span class="fs90">BY COMMAND OF</span> His late Majesty <span class="fs90">WILLIAM THE IV<sup><span class="xs">TH</span></sup>.</span><br /> - -<span class="small"><em>and under the Patronage of</em></span><br /> - -Her Majesty the Queen<br /><br /> - -HISTORICAL RECORDS,<br /> - -<span class="small"><em>OF THE</em></span><br /> - -<span class="xl">British Army</span><br /> - -<em>Comprising the<br /> -<span class="xl">History of every Regiment</span><br /> -IN HER MAJESTY'S SERVICE.</em><br /> - -<em>By Richard Cannon Esq<sup>re</sup>.</em><br /> - -<em>Adjutant Generals Office, Horse Guards.</em><br /> - -London<br /> - -<em>Printed by Authority</em>:<br /> - -1837.<br /> - -<span class="xs"><em>Silvester & C<sup>o</sup>. 27 Strand.</em></span> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> -<p class="p4" /> -<p class="pfs150 lsp wsp">HISTORICAL RECORDS</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs70">OF THE</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs150 bold">BRITISH ARMY.</p> - -<p class="p4" /> -<hr class="r30a" /> -<p class="pfs80">PREPARED FOR PUBLICATION UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE<br /> -ADJUTANT-GENERAL.</p> -<hr class="r30a" /> -<p class="p4" /> - -<p class="pfs135">THE FOURTH,</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs70">OR</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS.</p> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> -<p class="p6" /> - -<p class="pfs70">LONDON:<br /> -Printed by <span class="smcap">William Clowes</span> and <span class="smcap">Sons</span>,<br /> -14, Charing Cross.</p> - -<p class="p6" /> - - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2><a name="GENERAL_ORDERS" id="GENERAL_ORDERS"></a>GENERAL ORDERS.</h2> - -<hr class="r15" /> - -<p class="right small padr2"><em>HORSE-GUARDS,</em></p> -<p class="right small">1<em>st January,</em> 1836.</p> - -<p class="in2">His Majesty has been pleased to command, -that, with a view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments, -as well as to Individuals who have distinguished -themselves by their Bravery in Action with -the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment -in the British Army shall be published under -the superintendence and direction of the Adjutant-General; -and that this Account shall contain the -following particulars: <em>viz.</em>,</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>—— The Period and Circumstances of the Original -Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at -which it has been from time to time employed; The -Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, in -which it has been engaged, particularly specifying -any Achievement it may have performed, and the -Colours, Trophies, &c., it may have captured from -the Enemy.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of the Officers and the number of -Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates, Killed or -Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the Place and -Date of the Action.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration -of their Gallant Services and Meritorious -Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have been -distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other Marks of -His Majesty's gracious favour.</p> - -<p>—— The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned -Officers and Privates as may have specially -signalized themselves in Action.</p> - -<p>And,</p> - -<p>—— The Badges and Devices which the Regiment -may have been permitted to bear, and the Causes -on account of which such Badges or Devices, or any -other Marks of Distinction, have been granted.</p></div> - -<p class="right padr4">By Command of the Right Honourable</p> -<p class="right padr2">GENERAL LORD HILL,</p> -<p class="right"><em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p> - -<p class="right smcap">John Macdonald,</p> -<p class="right"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="p4" /> -<h2><a name="PREFACE" id="PREFACE"></a>PREFACE.</h2> - - -<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly -depend upon the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter -into its service are animated, and consequently it is of the -highest importance that any measure calculated to excite the -spirit of emulation, by which alone great and gallant actions -are achieved, should be adopted.</p> - -<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this -desirable object, than a full display of the noble deeds with -which the Military History of our country abounds. To hold -forth these bright examples to the imitation of the youthful -soldier, and thus to incite him to emulate the meritorious -conduct of those who have preceded him in their honourable -career, are among the motives that have given rise to the -present publication.</p> - -<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced -in the 'London Gazette,' from whence they are transferred -into the public prints: the achievements of our armies are thus -made known at the time of their occurrence, and receive the -tribute of praise and admiration to which they are entitled. -On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament have -been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders, and the -Officers and Troops acting under their orders, expressions of -approbation and of thanks for their skill and bravery, and these -testimonials, confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign's -Approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier most -highly prizes.</p> - -<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental -armies) for British Regiments to keep regular records of their -services and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been -experienced in obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, -an authentic account of their origin and subsequent services.</p> - -<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His -Majesty having been pleased to command, that every Regiment -shall in future keep a full and ample record of its services at -home and abroad.</p> - -<p>From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations -which chequer the career of those who embrace the military -profession. In Great Britain, where so large a number of -persons are devoted to the active concerns of agriculture, -manufactures, and commerce, and where these pursuits have, -for so long a period, been undisturbed by the <em>presence of war</em>, -which few other countries have escaped, comparatively little -is known of the vicissitudes of active service, and of the -casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the British -Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little or -no interval of repose.</p> - -<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the -country derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed -not often to reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and -the sailor,—on their sufferings,—and on the sacrifice of valuable -life, by which so many national benefits are obtained -and preserved.</p> - -<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; -and their character has been established in Continental -warfare by the irresistible spirit with which they have effected -debarkations in spite of the most formidable opposition, and -by the gallantry and steadiness with which they have maintained -their advantages against superior numbers.</p> - -<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, -ample justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions -of the Corps employed; but the details of their services, and -of acts of individual bravery, can only be fully given in the -Annals of the various Regiments.</p> - -<p>These Records are now preparing for publication, under -His Majesty's special authority, by Mr. <span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, -Principal Clerk of the Adjutant-General's Office; and while -the perusal of them cannot fail to be useful and interesting to -military men of every rank, it is considered that they will also -afford entertainment and information to the general reader, -particularly to those who may have served in the Army, or -who have relatives in the Service.</p> - -<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, -or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit de Corps</i>—an attachment -to every thing belonging to their Regiment; to such -persons a narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot -fail to prove interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions -of the great,—the valiant,—the loyal, have always been of -paramount interest with a brave and civilised people. Great -Britain has produced a race of heroes who, in moments of -danger and terror, have stood, "firm as the rocks of their -native shore;" and when half the World has been arrayed -against them, they have fought the battles of their Country -with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of -achievements in war,—victories so complete and surprising, -gained by our countrymen,—our brothers—our fellow-citizens -in arms,—a record which revives the memory of the brave, -and brings their gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove -acceptable to the public.</p> - -<p>Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from -time to time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying -the value and importance of its services, will be faithfully -set forth.</p> - -<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each -Regiment will be printed in a distinct number, so that when -the whole shall be completed, the Parts may be bound up in -numerical succession.</p> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[Pg i]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="INTRODUCTION" id="INTRODUCTION"></a>INTRODUCTION.</h2> -<hr class="r15" /> - -<p class="noindent">The ancient Armies of England were composed -of Horse and Foot; but the feudal troops established -by William the Conqueror in 1086, consisted -almost entirely of Horse. Under the feudal -system, every holder of land amounting to what -was termed a "knight's fee," was required to -provide a charger, a coat of mail, a helmet, a -shield, and a lance, and to serve the Crown a -period of forty days in each year at his own -expense; and the great landholders had to provide -armed men in proportion to the extent of -their estates; consequently the ranks of the feudal -Cavalry were completed with men of property, -and the vassals and tenants of the great barons, -who led their dependents to the field in person.</p> - -<p>In the succeeding reigns the Cavalry of the -Army was composed of Knights (or men at arms) -and Hobiliers (or horsemen of inferior degree); -and the Infantry of spear and battle-axe men, -cross-bowmen, and archers. The Knights wore -armour on every part of the body, and their -weapons were a lance, a sword, and a small -dagger. The Hobiliers were accoutred and armed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[ii]</a></span> -for the light and less important services of war, -and were not considered qualified for a charge in -line. Mounted Archers<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> were also introduced, -and the English nation eventually became pre-eminent -in the use of the bow.</p> - -<p>About the time of Queen Mary the appellation -of "<em>Men at Arms</em>" was changed to that of "<em>Spears</em> -and <em>Launces</em>." The introduction of fire-arms ultimately -occasioned the lance to fall into disuse, -and the title of the Horsemen of the first degree -was changed to "<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Cuirassiers</i>." The Cuirassiers -were armed <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">cap-à-pié</i>, and their weapons were a -sword with a straight narrow blade and sharp -point, and a pair of large pistols, called petrenels; -and the Hobiliers carried carbines. The Infantry -carried pikes, matchlocks, and swords. The -introduction of fire-arms occasioned the formation -of regiments armed and equipped as infantry, -but mounted on small horses for the sake of -expedition of movement, and these were styled -"<em>Dragoons</em>;" a small portion of the military -force of the kingdom, however, consisted of this -description of troops.</p> - -<p>The formation of the present Army commenced -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[iii]</a></span>after the Restoration in 1660, with the establishment -of regular corps of Horse and Foot; the -Horsemen were cuirassiers, but only wore armour -on the head and body; and the Foot were pikemen -and musketeers. The arms which each -description of force carried, are described in the -following extract from the "Regulations of King -Charles II.," dated 5th May, 1663:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>"Each Horseman to have for his defensive -armes, back, breast, and pot; and for his offensive -armes, a sword, and a case of pistolls, the -barrels whereof are not to be und<sup>r</sup>. foorteen -inches in length; and each Trooper of Our -Guards to have a carbine, besides the aforesaid -armes. And the Foote to have each souldier a -sword, and each pikeman a pike of 16 foote -long and not und<sup>r</sup>.; and each musqueteer a -musquet, with a collar of bandaliers, the barrels -of which musquet to be about foor foote long, -and to conteine a bullet, foorteen of which shall -weigh a pound weight<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a>."</p> -</div> - -<p>The ranks of the Troops of Horse were at this -period composed of men of some property—generally -the sons of substantial yeomen: the young -men received as recruits provided their own horses, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span>and they were placed on a rate of pay sufficient -to give them a respectable station in society.</p> - -<p>On the breaking out of the war with Holland, -in the spring of 1672, a Regiment of Dragoons -was raised<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a>; the Dragoons were placed on a lower -rate of pay than the Horse; and the Regiment -was armed similar to the Infantry, excepting that -a limited number of the men carried halberds -instead of pikes, and the others muskets and bayonets; -and a few men in each Troop had pistols; -as appears by a warrant dated the 2nd of April, -1672, of which the following is an extract:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>"<span class="smcap">Charles R.</span></p> - -<p class="in2">"Our will and pleasure is, that a Regiment -of Dragoones which we have established -and ordered to be raised, in twelve Troopes of -fourscore in each beside officers, who are to be -under the command of Our most deare and most -intirely beloved Cousin Prince Rupert, shall -be armed out of Our stoares remaining within -Our office of the Ordinance, as followeth; that -is to say, three corporalls, two serjeants, the -gentlemen at armes, and twelve souldiers of -each of the said twelve Troopes, are to have and -carry each of them one halbard, and one case -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span>of pistolls with holsters; and the rest of the -souldiers of the several Troopes aforesaid, are -to have and to carry each of them one matchlocke -musquet, with a collar of bandaliers, and -also to have and to carry one bayonet<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a>, or great -knife. That each lieutenant have and carry -one partizan; and that two drums be delivered -out for each Troope of the said Regiment<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a>."</p></div> - -<p>Several regiments of Horse and Dragoons were -raised in the first year of the reign of King -James II.; and the horsemen carried a short carbine<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> -in addition to the sword and pair of pistols: -and in a Regulation dated the 21st of February, -1687, the arms of the Dragoons at that period are -commanded to be as follow:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>"The Dragoons to have snaphanse musquets, -strapt, with bright barrels of three foote eight -inches long, cartouch-boxes, bayonetts, granado -pouches, bucketts, and hammer-hatchetts."</p> -</div> - -<p>After several years' experience, little advantage -was found to accrue from having Cavalry Regiments -formed almost exclusively for engaging the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span>enemy on foot; and, the Horse having laid aside -their armour, the arms and equipment of Horse -and Dragoons were so nearly assimilated, that -there remained little distinction besides the name -and rate of pay. The introduction of improvements -into the mounting, arming, and equipment -of Dragoons rendered them competent to the -performance of every description of service required -of Cavalry; and, while the long musket -and bayonet were retained, to enable them to act -as Infantry, if necessary, they were found to be -equally efficient, and of equal value to the nation, -as Cavalry, with the Regiments of Horse.</p> - -<p>In the several augmentations made to the -regular Army after the early part of the reign of -Queen Anne, no new Regiments of Horse were -raised for permanent service; and in 1746 King -George II. reduced three of the old Regiments -of Horse to the quality and pay of Dragoons; at -the same time, His Majesty gave them the title of -First, Second, and Third Regiments of <em>Dragoon -Guards</em>: and in 1788 the same alteration was -made in the remaining four Regiments of Horse, -which then became the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and -Seventh Regiments of <em>Dragoon Guards</em>.</p> - -<p>At present there are only three Regiments -which are styled <em>Horse</em> in the British Army,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span> -namely, the two Regiments of Life Guards, and -the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards, to whom -cuirasses have recently been restored. The other -Cavalry Regiments consist of Dragoon Guards, -Heavy and Light Dragoons, Hussars, and Lancers; -and although the long musket and bayonet have -been laid aside by the whole of the Cavalry, and -the Regiments are armed and equipped on the -principle of the old Horse (excepting the cuirass), -they continue to be styled Dragoons.</p> - -<p>The old Regiments of Horse formed a highly -respectable and efficient portion of the Army, -and it is found, on perusing the histories of the -various campaigns in which they have been engaged, -that they have, on all occasions, maintained -a high character for steadiness and discipline, as -well as for bravery in action. They were formerly -mounted on horses of superior weight and physical -power, and few troops could withstand a -well-directed charge of the celebrated British -Horse. The records of these corps embrace a -period of 150 years—a period eventful in history, -and abounding in instances of heroism displayed -by the British troops when danger has threatened -the nation,—a period in which these Regiments -have numbered in their ranks men of loyalty, -valour, and good conduct, worthy of imitation.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span></p> - -<p>Since the Regiments of Horse were formed -into Dragoon Guards, additional improvements -have been introduced into the constitution of the -several corps; and the superior description of -horses now bred in the United Kingdom enables -the commanding officers to remount their regiments -with such excellent horses, that, whilst -sufficient weight has been retained for a powerful -charge in line, a lightness has been acquired which -renders them available for every description of -service incident to modern warfare.</p> - -<p>The orderly conduct of these Regiments in -quarters has gained the confidence and esteem of -the respectable inhabitants of the various parts of -the United Kingdom in which they have been -stationed; their promptitude and alacrity in attending -to the requisitions of the magistrates in -periods of excitement, and the temper, patience, -and forbearance which they have evinced when -subjected to great provocation, insult, and violence -from the misguided populace, prove the value of -these troops to the Crown, and to the Government -of the country, and justify the reliance which is -reposed on them.</p> - - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> In the 14th year of the reign of Edward IV. a small -force was established in Ireland by Parliament, consisting of -120 Archers on horseback, 40 Horsemen, and 40 Pages.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Military Papers, State Paper Office.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> This Regiment was disbanded after the Peace in 1674.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> This appears to be the first introduction of <em>bayonets</em> into -the English Army.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> State Paper Office.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> The first issue of carbines to the regular Horse appears -to have taken place in 1678; the Life Guards, however, -carried carbines from their formation in 1660.—Vide the -'Historical Record of the Life Guards.'</p></div></div> - - - <div class="chapter"></div> -<h1> -<span class="medium">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="xxs">OF</span><br /> -<br /> -THE FOURTH,<br /> -<br /> -<span class="xxs">OR</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="medium">ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="xxs">OF</span><br /> -<br /> -<span class="lsp3 wsp">DRAGOON GUARDS</span>.</h1> - - -<p class="p4 pfs60">CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT<br /> -IN 1685;</p> - -<p class="p2 pfs60">AND OF</p> - -<p class="p1 pfs100">ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES<br /> -TO 1838.</p> - -<p class="p2" /> -<hr class="r30a" /> -<p class="pfs80"><em>ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES.</em></p> -<hr class="r30a" /> -<p class="p2" /> - -<p class="pfs90 lsp wsp">PUBLISHED BY LONGMAN, ORME, AND CO.,</p> -<p class="pfs70">PATERNOSTER ROW, LONDON;</p> -<p class="pfs90">AND BY MESSRS. CLOWES AND SONS;</p> -<p class="pfs60">AND TO BE HAD OF ALL BOOKSELLERS.</p> -<hr class="r10a" /> -<p class="pfs100">1839.</p> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<p class="p6 pfs70">LONDON:<br /> -Printed by <span class="smcap">William Clowes</span> and <span class="smcap">Sons</span>,<br /> -Stamford Street.</p> -<p class="p6" /> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<a name="TP" id="TP"></a> -<img src="images/frontispiece_2.jpg" alt="Regimental Standard" /> -<div class="caption"> - -FOURTH <span class="fs70">OR</span> ROYAL IRISH<br /> -DRAGOON GUARDS.<br /><br /> - -<p class="xxs"><em>Madeley, lith. 3, Wellington St. Strand.</em></p></div> -</div> - - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii-a" id="Page_iii-a">[Pg iii]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="CONTENTS" id="CONTENTS"></a>CONTENTS.</h2> -<hr class="r15" /> - -<div class="center fs90"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="Table of Contents"> -<tr><td class="tdl fs80 wd5">Anno</td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr fs80 wd10">Page</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1685</td><td class="tdl">The Duke of Monmouth's rebellion</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Six independent troops of horse raised</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Constituted a regiment of <em>Cuirassiers</em></td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Obtains rank as <em>Sixth Regiment of Horse</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_4">4</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Arms and equipment</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed by King James II.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1686</td><td class="tdl">Establishment, and names of officers</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed by King James II.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1687</td><td class="tdl">————, and employed on the King's duty</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">The Revolution</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1689</td><td class="tdl">Accession of William III.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Employed on the King's duty</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1690</td><td class="tdl">Obtains rank as <em>Fifth Regiment of Horse</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1691</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds on foreign service</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1692</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Steenkirk</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1693</td><td class="tdl">——— Landen</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1695</td><td class="tdl">Covering the siege of Namur</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1696</td><td class="tdl">Attack on a French outpost</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1697</td><td class="tdl">Peace of Ryswick</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1698</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to Ireland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1746</td><td class="tdl">Styled <em>First Irish Horse</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1751</td><td class="tdl">Uniform, standards, &c.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1788</td><td class="tdl">Reduced to the quality of Dragoons, and styled <em>Fourth Dragoon Guards</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Styled the <em>Fourth</em>, or <em>Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1793</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1795</td><td class="tdl">Returns to Ireland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv-a" id="Page_iv-a">[iv]</a></span> - 1796</td><td class="tdl">Disturbed state of Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">A French force arrives at Bantry Bay</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1797</td><td class="tdl">Alterations in the equipment, &c.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1798</td><td class="tdl">Rebellion in Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Action at Naas</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———— Prosperous and Carlow</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———— near Gorey</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———— at Ovidstown, Goff's Bridge, and Arklow</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———— Vinegar Hill</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———— Gore's Bridge and Kildare</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1799</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Horses' tails docked</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1800</td><td class="tdl">Marches to Scotland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1802</td><td class="tdl">Returns to Ireland—Alteration in the clothing</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1803</td><td class="tdl">Bonaparte's threat of invading England</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Field officers released from the charge of troops</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_46">46</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1804</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for England</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1805</td><td class="tdl">St. Patrick's fund established in the regiment</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1806</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to Scotland—Returns to England</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1808</td><td class="tdl">Riots at Manchester, &c.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_48">48</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Men's hair cut short, and powder discontinued</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_49">49</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1809</td><td class="tdl">Troop Quartermasters replaced by Troop Serjeant-Majors</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1810</td><td class="tdl">Riots in the Coal districts</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">Six troops proceed to Portugal</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_50">50</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1812</td><td class="tdl">Covering the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">———————— Badajoz</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Skirmish at Llerena</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_52">52</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Advances to Madrid</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Retreats to Portugal</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1813</td><td class="tdl">Returns to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_54">54</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Regimental school established</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">Peace concluded—The establishment reduced</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_55">55</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">Proceeds to Ireland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v-a" id="Page_v-a">[v]</a></span> - 1814</td><td class="tdl">Alteration in the uniform</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_56">56</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1815</td><td class="tdl">War proclaimed—The establishment augmented</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Peace restored—The establishment reduced</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_57">57</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1818</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for England</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1819</td><td class="tdl">Alteration in the uniform</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_58">58</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1820</td><td class="tdl">Riots at Wakefield and Sheffield</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_59">59</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1821</td><td class="tdl">Marches to Scotland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1822</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_60">60</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1826</td><td class="tdl">————— England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Riots at Dudley, Wolverhampton, and Lichfield</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1827</td><td class="tdl">Alterations in the uniform</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_62">62</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1830</td><td class="tdl">Marches to Scotland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_64">64</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Lace changed from silver to gold</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1831</td><td class="tdl">Riots at elections in Scotland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1832</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Riots in Ireland</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1834</td><td class="tdl pad4">Ditto</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1835</td><td class="tdl">Embarks for England, and stationed at Brighton</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_74">74</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1837</td><td class="tdl">Riots at elections in England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1838</td><td class="tdl">Attends the coronation of Queen Victoria</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_78">78</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Her Majesty approves of the regiment bearing the - <em>Harp</em> and <em>Crown</em>, in addition to the <em>Star</em> of - the Order of <em>St. Patrick</em></td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_79">79</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">The conclusion</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi-a" id="Page_vi-a">[vi]</a></span></p> - -<p class="p2 pfs120 pg-brk">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS.</p> - -<div class="center fs90"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="Colonels"> -<tr><td class="tdl fs80 wd5">Anno</td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr fs80 wd10">Page</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1685</td><td class="tdl">James Earl of Arran, K.T.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_81">81</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">Charles Earl of Selkirk</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_83">83</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">——</td><td class="tdl">Charles Godfrey</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1693</td><td class="tdl">Francis Langston</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_84">84</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1713</td><td class="tdl">George Jocelyn</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_85">85</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1715</td><td class="tdl">Sherrington Davenport</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_86">86</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1719</td><td class="tdl">Owen Wynne</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1732</td><td class="tdl">Thomas Pearce</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_87">87</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1739</td><td class="tdl">James Lord Tyrawley</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_88">88</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1743</td><td class="tdl">John Brown</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_89">89</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1762</td><td class="tdl">James Johnston</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_90">90</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1775</td><td class="tdl">James Johnston</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1778</td><td class="tdl">George Warde</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_92">92</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1803</td><td class="tdl">Miles Staveley</td><td class="tdr">—</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">Sir Henry Fane, G.C.B.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_93">93</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1827</td><td class="tdl">Sir George Anson, G.C.B.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_94">94</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="r15" /> -<p class="pfs100">PLATES.</p> - -<div class="center fs90"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="Plates"> -<tr><td class="tdl wd80">The Standard of the Regiment to follow the regimental</td><td class="tdr wd15"><a href="#TP">Title-page.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Colonel Francis Langston at the battle of Landen to face</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#FACE-14">Page 14.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">The Uniform in 1838 to face</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#FACE-80"> " 80.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p> - -<h2 class="large">HISTORICAL RECORD</h2> -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF THE</p> -<p class="p1 pfs100">FOURTH, OR ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT</p> -<p class="p1 pfs70">OF</p> -<p class="pfs135 lsp3 wsp">DRAGOON GUARDS.</p> - -<hr class="r15" /> - -<div class="sidenote">1685</div> - -<p class="noindent">The Regiment, which forms the subject of the -following memoir, is one of the seventeen corps, -now in the British army, which derive their origin -from the commotions in England during the first -year of the reign of King James II.</p> - -<p>The origin of these commotions may be traced -to the pernicious councils adopted by King Charles -I., which were followed by a flame of puritanical -zeal and of democratical fury and outrage in the -country, which deprived the monarch of life, and -forced the royal family to reside for several years -in exile on the continent, where King Charles II. -and his brother, James Duke of York, imbibed -the doctrines of the Church of Rome. After the -Restoration, in 1660, the King concealed his religion -from his Protestant subjects; but the Duke -of York openly avowed the tenets of the Roman -Catholic Church, which rendered him exceedingly -unpopular. King Charles II. having no legitimate -issue, his eldest illegitimate son, <span class="smcap">James Duke of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span> -Monmouth</span>, an officer of some merit, who had -espoused the Protestant cause with great warmth, -and had become very popular, aspired to the throne. -In a few months after the accession of James II., -this nobleman arrived from Holland (11th June, -1685) with a band of armed followers, and erecting -his standard in the west of England, called -upon the people to aid him in gaining the sovereign -power.</p> - -<p>Although a deep feeling of anxiety was general -in the kingdom at this period, yet the King had -declared his determination to support the Protestant -religion, as by law established, and his designs -against the constitution had not been manifested; -hence loyalty to the sovereign, a principle so -genial to the innate feelings of the British people, -prevailed over every other consideration. A number -of Mendip miners and other disaffected persons -joined the Duke of Monmouth; but men of all ranks -arrayed themselves under the banners of royalty.</p> - -<p>To officers and soldiers imbued with a laudable -<i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">esprit de corps</i>, the particulars relating to the -origin and services of their regiment are of intense -interest, and the circumstances which gave rise to -the formation of their corps are of themselves an -era. To encourage such feelings is one of the -objects of the present undertaking, and, although -the general reader may think the narrative tedious, -the officers and men of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span> will feel gratified at learning by whom, -and where, each troop, of which their regiment -was originally composed, was raised. This information -has been procured from public documents, -in which it is recorded that, in the midst of the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span> -hostile preparations which the Duke of Monmouth's -rebellion occasioned in every part of the -kingdom, a troop of horse was raised by <span class="smcap">James -Earl of Arran</span>, eldest son of William Duke -of Hamilton, a nobleman distinguished alike for -loyalty and attachment to the Protestant religion; -a second troop was raised, in the vicinity of London, -by Captain John Parker, Lieutenant of the -Horse Grenadier Guards attached to the King's -Own troop of Life Guards (now First Regiment -of Life Guards); a third at Lichfield, by William -Baggott, Esq.; a fourth at Grantham, by Thomas -Harrington, Esq.; a fifth at Durham, by John -Fetherstonhalgh, Esq.; and the sixth at Morpeth, -by William Ogle, Esq.; and that, after the decisive -battle of Sedgemoor had destroyed the hopes of -the invader, these six troops were ordered to march -to the south of England, and were incorporated -into a regiment of <span class="smcap">Cuirassiers</span>, which is now -the <span class="smcap">Fourth or Royal Irish Regiment of -Dragoon Guards</span>. The Colonelcy was conferred -on the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran</span>, by commission, -dated the 28th of July, 1685; the Lieutenant-Colonelcy -on Captain Charles Nedby,<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> from the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>Queen's regiment of horse; and the commission -of Major on Captain John Parker.</p> - -<p>At the formation of this regiment it ranked as -<span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span>, but was distinguished by the name -of its Colonel, the practice of using numerical -titles not having been introduced into the British -army until the reign of King George II. This -corps being composed of the sons of substantial -yeomen and tradesmen, who provided their own -horses, it was held in high estimation in the -country, and the men were placed on a rate of -pay (2<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em> per day) which gave them a respectable -station in society. Few nations in Europe -possessed a body of troops which could vie with -the English horse in all the qualities of good -soldiers, and, in the reigns of King William III. -and Queen Anne, this <em>arme</em> acquired a celebrity -for gallantry and good conduct; and these qualities, -whether evinced by bravery in the field, -or by steadiness and temperate behaviour when -their services have been required on home duties, -have proved their usefulness, and have rendered -them valuable corps during succeeding reigns.</p> - -<p>The <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran's</span> Regiment was armed -and equipped, in common with the other regiments -of <span class="smcap">Cuirassiers</span>, with long swords, a pair -of long pistols, and short carbines; the men -wore hats, with broad brims bound with narrow -lace, turned up on one side, and ornamented -with ribands; large boots; and gauntlet gloves; -their defensive armour was steel cuirasses, and -head-pieces. This regiment was distinguished -by white ribands, white linings to the coat, white -waistcoats and breeches, white horse-furniture, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span> -carbine belts covered with white cloth, and ornamented -with lace, and the officers wore white -silk sashes;—each regiment had a distinguishing -colour, which was then called its <em>livery</em>, and which -is now called <em>facing</em>, and the distinguishing colour -of the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran's</span> Regiment was -<span class="fs70">WHITE</span>.<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a></p> - -<p>On their arrival in the south of England, -<span class="smcap">Arran's Cuirassiers</span> proceeded to the vicinity -of Hounslow, and on the 20th of August passed in -review before King James II. and his court on -the heath. In order to make a display of his -power and to overawe the disaffected in the kingdom, -His Majesty ordered an army of eight thousand -men to encamp on Hounslow Heath, of which -this regiment formed a part; and on the 22nd of -August the King reviewed twenty squadrons of -horse, one of horse-grenadier guards, one of dragoons, -and ten battalions of foot on the heath. -After the review <span class="smcap">Arran's Cuirassiers</span> marched -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span>into quarters at Winchester and Andover, where -they arrived on the 5th of September.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1686</div> - -<p>In these quarters the regiment passed the succeeding -winter; and on the 1st of January, 1686, -its establishment was fixed by a warrant under -the sign manual, from which the following is an -extract:—</p> - -<p class="p2" /> -<div class="bbox2"> -<div class="center fs80"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary="Per Diem Costs"> -<tr><td class="tdc tdpp" colspan="5">THE EARL OF ARRAN'S REGIMENT OF HORSE</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbb tdpp" colspan="5"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdcbr tdpp smcap" colspan="2">Field and Staff-Officers.</td><td class="tdc tdpp" colspan="3">Per Diem.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbb tdlbr tdpp" colspan="2"></td><td class="tdlbb" colspan="3"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2"></td><td class="tdrbr">£.</td><td class="tdrbr"><em>s.</em></td><td class="tdr"><em>d.</em></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">The Colonel, <em>as Colonel</em></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">12</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Lieutenant-Colonel, <em>as Lieut.-Colonel</em></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">8</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">The Major (<em>who has no troop</em>), for himself, horses, and servants</td><td class="tdrbr">1</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Adjutant</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">5</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Chaplain</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">6</td><td class="tdr">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Chirurgeon iv<sup>s</sup> per day, and j horse to carry his chest, ij<sup>s</sup> per day</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">6</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">A Kettle-Drummer to the Colonel's troop</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">3</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2"></td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt tdrbb">3</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt tdrbb">0</td><td class="tdr tdrbt tdrbb">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdcbr tdpp smcap" colspan="2">The Colonel's Troop.</td><td class="tdrbr"></td><td class="tdrbr"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">The Colonel, <em>as Captaine</em>, x<sup>s</sup> per day, and ij horses, each at ij<sup>s</sup> per day</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">14</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2"><ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'Lievtenant vi^s'">Lieutenant vi<sup>s</sup></ins>, and ij horses, each at ij<sup>s</sup></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">10</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Cornett v<sup>s</sup>, and ij horses, each at ij<sup>s</sup></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">9</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Quarter-Master iv<sup>s</sup>, and i horse, at ij<sup>s</sup></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">6</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Three Corporals, each at iij<sup>s</sup> per day</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">9</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Two Trumpeters, each at ij<sup>s</sup> viii<sup>d</sup></td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdrbr">5</td><td class="tdr">4</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2">Forty Private Soldiers, each at ij<sup>s</sup> vi<sup>d</sup> per day</td><td class="tdrbr">5</td><td class="tdrbr">0</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2"></td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">7</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">13</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">4</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr" colspan="2"><span class="smcap">Five Troops more</span>, of the same numbers, and at the same rates of pay as the Colonel's troop</td><td class="tdrbr">38</td><td class="tdrbr">6</td><td class="tdr">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdlbr smcap pad6" colspan="2">Total for this Regiment per Diem</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">49</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">0</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl smcap pad10">Per Annum</td><td class="tdrbr">£17</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">,897</td><td class="tdrbr tdrbt">3</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">4</td></tr> -</table></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span></p> - -<p class="p2" /> -<p>At this period the following officers were holding -commissions in the regiment:—</p> - -<div class="center fs80"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="Officers"> -<tr><td class="tdl"><em>Troop.</em></td><td class="tdc"><em>Captains.</em></td><td class="tdc"><em>Lieutenants.</em></td><td class="tdc"><em>Cornets.</em></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1st</td><td class="tdl">Earl of Arran (Col.)</td><td class="tdl">Thos. Daliell</td><td class="tdl">Ch. Carterret</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">2nd</td><td class="tdl">Ch. Nedby (Lt.-Col.)</td><td class="tdl">Thos. Bagshaw</td><td class="tdl">Thos. Webster</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">3rd</td><td class="tdl">Wm. Baggott</td><td class="tdl">Rd. Fetherstonhalgh</td><td class="tdl">Mark Strother</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">4th</td><td class="tdl">Jno. Fetherstonhalgh</td><td class="tdl">Thos. Brackston</td><td class="tdl">Philip Lawson</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">5th</td><td class="tdl">Thos. Harrington</td><td class="tdl">Wm. Hall</td><td class="tdl">Jos. Ascough</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">6th</td><td class="tdl">Wm. Ogle</td><td class="tdl">Ar. Hepburn</td><td class="tdl">Surtes Swinburn</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"> </td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl pad6">John Parker</td><td class="tdl pad8">Major.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl pad6">John Sharrall</td><td class="tdl pad8">Chaplain.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl pad6">Stephen Aston</td><td class="tdl pad8">Adjutant.</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl pad6">Anthony Rouse</td><td class="tdl pad8">Chirurgeon.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="smcap">Arran's Cuirassiers</span> were called from their -cantonments in Hampshire in June, and again -pitched their tents on Hounslow Heath, where they -were reviewed several times by the King; and -afterwards marched into quarters at Leicester, -Ashby de la Zouch, Loughborough, and Melton -Mowbray; and while in these quarters their Lieutenant-Colonel -retired, and was succeeded by Major -John Parker.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1687</div> - -<p>In the following summer they were withdrawn -from Leicestershire, and proceeding to the metropolis, -occupied quarters for a short time at Chelsea -and Knightsbridge, from whence they proceeded -to Hounslow, and again pitched their tents on the -heath. After having been reviewed by the King, -they marched (9th August) to Windsor and adjacent -villages, and furnished a guard for the royal -family at Windsor Castle; also a guard for the -Princess Anne (afterwards Queen Anne) at Hampton -Court Palace, and one troop was stationed at -London to assist the Life Guards in their attendance -on the Court.</p> - -<p>On the 31st of August the regiment marched -to London, and was quartered in Holborn, Gray's -Inn Lane, and the vicinity of Smithfield, in order to -take part in the duties of the court and metropolis;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span> -and in September it furnished a detachment to protect -a large sum of money from London to Portsmouth.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1688</div> - -<p>Having been relieved from the King's duty, -<span class="smcap">Arran's Cuirassiers</span> marched to Richmond and -adjacent villages in May, 1688; and in July they -once more encamped on Hounslow Heath. After -taking part in several reviews, mock-battles, and -splendid military spectacles, which were exhibited -on the Heath by a numerous army, they proceeded -to Cambridge, Peterborough, and St. Ives, and -afterwards to Ipswich, where they were stationed -a short time under Major-General Sir John Lanier, -but were suddenly ordered to march to London in -the beginning of November.</p> - -<p>The circumstances in which the loyal officers -and soldiers of the King's army were placed were -of a most painful character. The King had been -making rapid advances towards the subversion of -the established religion and laws of the kingdom; -and loyalty to the sovereign,—a distinguished -feature in the character of the British soldier, and -the love of the best interests of their native country,—which -is inherent in men, were become so opposed -to each other, that it appeared necessary for -one to be sacrificed. <span class="smcap">Arran's Cuirassiers</span> were, -however, spared this painful ordeal by the circumstances -which occurred. The King had resolved -to remodel his army in England by the dismissal -of Protestants and the introduction of Papists, as -he had already done in Ireland; but the arrival of -the Prince of Orange, with a Dutch army to aid -the English nobility in opposing the proceedings -of the Court, overturned the King's measures. -The loyalty and attachment to the King evinced -by the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran</span> occasioned him to be<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span> -promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and his -regiment was considered one of the corps on which -dependence could be placed. It had completed an -augmentation of ten men per troop ordered in -September, and was selected to remain as a guard -near the Queen and the infant Prince of Wales, -who was afterwards known as the Pretender: but -a defection appearing in the army, the infant -Prince was sent to Portsmouth; and the regiment, -having been released from its duty of attendance -on the Queen, was ordered to march to Salisbury.</p> - -<p>Many officers and soldiers joined the Prince of -Orange, and amongst others, Lord Churchill, -Colonel of the third troop of Life Guards; the -King gave the Duke of Berwick the command of -the third troop of Life Guards; removed the <span class="smcap">Earl -of Arran</span> to the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards; -and conferred the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span> -on the Earl's brother, <span class="smcap">Charles Earl of Selkirk</span>, -from Guidon and Major in the fourth troop of Life -Guards, his commission bearing date the 20th of -November, 1688.</p> - -<p>The desertions which took place alarmed the -King and Queen; Her Majesty fled with the infant -Prince to France, and was followed by the King. -The Prince of Orange assumed the reins of government, -and the <span class="smcap">Earl of Selkirk's</span> regiment was -ordered to march to Stamford in Lincolnshire.</p> - -<p>On the 31st of December, 1688, the Prince of -Orange conferred the Colonelcy of the regiment -on Colonel Charles Godfrey, who had previously -held a commission in the Duke of Monmouth's -regiment of horse.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1689</div> - -<p>The Prince and Princess of Orange having -ascended the throne while the regiment was quartered -in Lincolnshire, it took part in the solemnity -of the proclamation of their Majesty's accession at -Stamford, on the 16th of February, 1689, on which -occasion three troops, with the trumpets and kettle -drums, paraded the town, and, 'after firing several -volleys, partook of a substantial repast, with abundance -of wine, and drank their Majesties' health -amidst reiterated acclamations.'</p> - -<p>In the middle of March three troops proceeded -to the Isle of Wight, where 1500 Irish Roman -Catholics were detained in the custody of a military -force. These men had entered the service of -King James in Ireland, and had been ordered to -England to support the arbitrary proceedings of -the Court; at the Revolution they were deprived -of their arms and sent prisoners to the Isle of -Wight, from whence they were eventually transported -to Hamburgh, to be disposed of in the service -of the Emperor of Germany.</p> - -<p>Thirty men and horses of the regiment were -transferred, in April, to the Blues, to complete the -establishment of that corps previous to its embarkation -for Holland.</p> - -<p>During the summer three troops of the <span class="smcap">Sixth -Horse</span> were encamped on Hounslow Heath. King -William had reasons to suspect that several old -corps were not well affected towards his interests; -but His Majesty appears to have placed entire confidence -in the attachment of the officers and men -of this regiment to his person and government; -and in August a strong detachment left the camp -at Hounslow, to take part in the duties of the -Court and metropolis. The remainder of the -three troops of the <span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span>, encamped on -the heath, proceeded into quarters at Croydon and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> -Mitcham; and in December, the three troops in -the Isle of Wight were removed to Salisbury.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1690</div> - -<p>The detachment having been relieved from the -King's duty in London, the regiment was removed -in February, 1690, into quarters at Oxford and -Abingdon. In the following month it received -orders to embark for Ireland, to serve under King -William, against the French and the Irish Roman -Catholics under King James. This order was, -however, countermanded, and when the King proceeded -with three troops of Life Guards to Ireland, -this regiment marched into quarters in the villages -near London, in order to take part in the duties of -the Court. Having been relieved from this duty -by the Fourth Horse (now 3rd Dragoon Guards), -the regiment marched into quarters at Portsmouth -and Isle of Wight, and subsequently to Salisbury -and Winchester.</p> - -<p>During the winter, the Fifth Regiment of Horse<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> -was disbanded in Ireland; and the <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'SIXTH Horse obtained'"><span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span> -obtained</ins> rank as <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span> from this period.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1691</div> - -<p>From Salisbury and Winchester the regiment, -now taking rank as <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>, was withdrawn -in May, 1691, and proceeded to Hertford, Dartford, -and Romford, and one troop furnished the -guard at Windsor for the Queen Dowager, Catherine, -consort of the late King Charles II. In -June one troop was in attendance on the Princess -Anne at Tunbridge; and in the autumn the regiment -furnished a relay of escorts to attend the King -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>from Harwich to London, when His Majesty returned -from the Netherlands.</p> - -<p>The conquest of Ireland having been achieved, -the King was enabled to augment his army in the -Low Countries; and, soon after His Majesty's -arrival in England, <span class="smcap">Godfrey's Horse</span> were selected -to proceed on foreign service. The regiment -was, accordingly, embarked in transports on -the river Thames on the 27th of November, and -sailed on the following day. After its arrival in -Flanders it went into quarters at Ghent.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1692</div> - -<p>In the spring of the following year, the <span class="smcap">Fifth</span> -Regiment of Horse took the field to serve its first -campaign with the army under King William III. -in person, who was fighting for the preservation of -the Protestant religion and the balance of power -in Europe, against the forces of Louis XIV. of -France. After several movements, King William -attacked the French army, commanded by Marshal -Luxembourg, at its position near <em>Steenkirk</em>, on -the 24th of July, 1692. The <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span> supported -the attacking column, and when the infantry -deployed, it drew up on the right skirts of a wood, -through which the main body of the army had to -pass. The leading corps behaved with signal gallantry, -but were repulsed, and the main body of -the army was too far in the rear to give the required -support. An immense body of French -cavalry menacing the British infantry, the <span class="smcap">Fifth -Horse</span> were ordered to advance, and they succeeded -in checking the enemy's squadrons. Lord -Mountjoy<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a>, a young nobleman of great promise, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>who was serving as a volunteer, was killed by a -cannon ball at the head of the regiment. It soon -afterwards received orders to retire, and this movement -was covered by a squadron of Horse Grenadier -Guards. The regiment was subsequently engaged -in several movements, and in the autumn it -proceeded into winter-quarters.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1693</div> - -<p>Shortly after the battle of Steenkirk, the Princess -Anne of Denmark's regiment of horse,<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> which -had lost many men and horses in the action, was -disbanded; and on the 7th of March, 1693, its -Colonel, Francis Langston, was appointed to the -command of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>, vice Colonel -Charles Godfrey, who retired.</p> - -<p>In the ensuing campaign the regiment was again -engaged for several weeks in marches, manœuvring, -and occupying positions on the rich plains of the -Netherlands, to defeat the designs of the enemy; -and on the 19th of July it was engaged in the hard-contested -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>battle of <em>Landen</em>, where it had an opportunity -of distinguishing itself. It was formed, -during the early part of the action, near the village -of Neer-Landen, to support the infantry on the left, -and sustained some loss from a heavy cannonade -to which it was exposed. At length Marshal -Luxembourg, by means of an immense superiority -of numbers, carried the village of Neer-Winden, -forced the position occupied by his opponents, and -his numerous cavalry overpowered the squadrons -in the right wing of the confederate army. King -William instantly ordered the English horse on the -left to oppose the victorious career of the enemy; -and <span class="smcap">Langston's Regiment</span>, galloping to the scene -of conflict, charged the French horsemen with -signal gallantry. The right squadron of this regiment, -led by its Colonel, <span class="smcap">Francis Langston</span>, -broke the French squadron to which it was opposed, -and made great slaughter; and the heroic -<span class="smcap">Langston</span>, an officer remarkable for prowess and -valour, who had served against the Moors in Africa, -and at the battles of the Boyne, Aghrim, and Steenkirk, -was seen using his broadsword with terrible -execution, but he was eventually surrounded, severely -wounded, and taken prisoner. Fresh squadrons -of French cavalry, flushed with the prospect -of victory, renewed the fight, and, notwithstanding -the bravery evinced by the English horse, superiority -of numbers prevailed. King William ordered -a retreat, which, having to be made across bridges -and by narrow defiles, was not executed without -much confusion and loss. His Majesty remained -on the ground until nearly surrounded by the enemy; -but he was rescued by a party of his Life -Guards and a troop of Horse.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> -<a name="FACE-14" id="FACE-14"></a> -<img src="images/i_a_014fp.jpg" alt="" /> -<div class="caption"> -COLONEL FRANCIS LANGSTON, FIFTH HORSE<br /> -<em>At the Battle of Landen 19<sup>th</sup> July, 1693</em></div> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span></p> - -<p>After retiring from the field, the regiment proceeded -to Tirlemont; it was subsequently engaged -in several movements, and on the 5th of August it -was reviewed by King William, with the remainder -of the cavalry, near Wemmel. In November it -marched into quarters at Ghent.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1694</div> - -<p>Having been joined by a body of recruits and -remount horses from England, to replace the losses -of the preceding campaign, the regiment marched -out of Ghent in May, 1694, to cantonments in the -villages between Brussels and Dendermond. The -campaign of this year was remarkable for the long -and fatiguing marches performed by the troops; -but no general engagement occurred. After traversing -Flanders and Brabant in various directions, -and experiencing much privation from the country -having so long been the seat of war, the regiment -returned to its former quarters.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1695</div> - -<p>The services of the regiment during the campaign -of 1695 were limited to covering the siege -of <em>Namur</em>, one of the strongest fortresses in Europe, -and garrisoned by 15,000 men, commanded -by a Marshal of France (Boufflers). When the -siege was formed, the regiment was detached to -graze the horses between Charleroi and Mons; it -was subsequently engaged in manœuvring to protect -the besieging forces from the attacks of the -French army. In the beginning of August the -regiment was encamped at Waterloo, and subsequently -in the immediate vicinity of Namur. This -fortress was eventually captured, and this event -was considered the brightest feature in King William's -military history, and one upon which he was -often heard to declare his satisfaction.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1696</div> - -<p>After passing the winter in Ghent, the regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> -was brigaded with the regiments of Lumley and -Schomberg (now 1st and 7th Dragoon Guards), -and was reviewed by the King on the 30th of -May, 1696, "and made a very noble appearance." -It served the campaign of this year under the Prince -of Vaudemont in Flanders; and was encamped—first -at Marykirk, and subsequently along the canal -between Ghent and Bruges, to protect these places, -with Nieuport, and the other maritime towns of -Flanders, from the attacks of the enemy. A French -army was encamped on the opposite side of the canal, -and several skirmishes occurred, but no general -engagement took place.</p> - -<p>On the night of the 20th of September, Colonel -Langston crossed the canal with a squadron of this -regiment and a party of dragoons, and attacking -one of the French outposts, defeated the guard and -took thirty prisoners. The Prince of Vaudemont -reviewed the regiment a few days after this event, -and on the 5th of October it left the camp for -winter-quarters in Ghent.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1697</div> - -<p>The regiment having been selected to form part -of the army of Brabant during the campaign of -1697, it marched out of its winter-quarters in the -early part of May, and pitched its tents at St. -Quintin Linneck on the 16th of that month, and -was formed in brigade with Leveson's, Windham's, -and Galway's regiments (2nd and 6th Dragoon -Guards, and a regiment of French Protestants.) -It took part in several manœuvres, and during the -night of the 12th of June it retired with the army -through the forest of Soigne, and took post before -Brussels, to protect that city from a siege. The -regiment was subsequently encamped near Wavre, -where it remained until peace was restored by the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span> -Treaty of Ryswick<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a>, which was signed in September. -It afterwards marched to Ghent, and during -the winter embarked for England.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1698</div> - -<p>After its return from foreign service the regiment -was quartered at Northampton, Banbury, and -Wellingborough; and, the House of Commons -having voted that only 10,000 regular troops should -be kept in pay in England, it was ordered, in February, -1698, to march to Highlake, in Cheshire, -and to embark for Ireland.</p> - -<p>Having landed at Dublin on the 31st of March, -the regiment was placed on the Irish establishment, -and the rates of pay of the non-commissioned officers -and soldiers were reduced; the troops in Ireland -being on a lower rate of pay than those in -England.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1699</div> - -<p>The establishment of the regiment was fixed by -a warrant under the sign-manual, bearing date the -1st of May, 1699, at the following numbers:—</p> - - -<div class="center fs80"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="Per Diem Costs"> -<tr><td class="tdl">Colonel, <em>as Colonel</em>, 12<em>s.</em>; in lieu of servants, 3<em>s.</em></td><td class="tdr wd5">£0</td><td class="tdr wd5">15</td><td class="tdr wd5">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Lieut.-Colonel, <em>as Lieut.-Colonel</em></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">8</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Major, <em>as Major</em></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Chaplain</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">6</td><td class="tdr">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Chirurgeon</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">4</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Kettle-Drummer</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdc"><em>First Troop.</em></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Captain, 10<em>s.</em>; 2 horses, each 2<em>s.</em>; in lieu of servants, 3<em>s.</em></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">17</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Lieutenants, 5<em>s.</em>;<span class="pad2">do. 2<em>s.</em>;</span><span class="pad4">do. 1<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em></span></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Cornet, 3<em>s.</em>;<span class="pad4">do. 2<em>s.</em>;</span><span class="pad4">do. 1<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em></span></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">8</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Quartermaster, for himself and horse</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">2 Corporals, each 2<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">1 Trumpeter, 2<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em></td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">36 Private Troopers, each 1<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em></td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">14</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">5 Troops more of the same numbers</td><td class="tdr">25</td><td class="tdr">12</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl pad10">Total per day</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">32</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">16</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">8</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl pad10">Per year</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">£11,984</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">3</td><td class="tdr tdrbt">4</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p> - -<p>In the same year His Majesty issued an order—'That -whatever regiment, troop, or company shall -be on duty in Dublin, there is to be allowed unto -each private horseman 3<em>d.</em> per diem, and to each -private foot soldier 1<em>d.</em> per diem, over and above -what is otherwise established<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a>.' The troopers of -this regiment were the first to derive the advantages -given by this order, as they were on Dublin -duty at the time it was issued.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1701<br />1702</div> - -<p>The decease of King James having taken place -at St. Germains, in September, 1701, the King of -France (Louis XIV.) proclaimed the pretended -Prince of Wales King of Great Britain by the -style and title of James III.: this event, with the -elevation of the Duke of Anjou to the throne of -Spain in violation of the most solemn engagements, -was followed by a sanguinary war with France and -Spain, and a British force proceeded to the Netherlands. -This regiment was not, however, employed -on foreign service during the war; the proclamation -of the Pretender, with the death of King William -III., which occurred in March, 1702, had -revived the hopes of the Papists; and the partisans -of the Stuart dynasty were conspiring to effect -the elevation of the Pretender to the throne of these -kingdoms. Queen Anne, therefore, deemed it expedient -to detain in Ireland a few trusty corps of -approved devotion to the Protestant interest, and -<span class="smcap">Brigadier-General Langston's</span> Regiment of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>Horse was selected to remain in that kingdom. -This honourable distinction necessarily prevented -the regiment sharing in the many glorious victories -gained by the forces under the great Duke -of Marlborough, where five regiments of British -horse (now the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 6th, and 7th Dragoon -Guards) acquired never-fading laurels.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1703</div> - -<p>In 1703 the regiment was again employed on -Dublin duty, and on the 24th of July it was reviewed -near that city by his grace the Duke of -Ormond, the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, who expressed -his admiration of its appearance and discipline.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1704</div> - -<p>For many years subsequent to this period there -was little diversity in the services of the regiment: -it was usually stationed at or near Dublin, occasionally -occupying dispersed cantonments in more -remote parts of the kingdom.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1706<br />1709<br />1710</div> - -<p>During the summer of 1706 the regiment was -encamped on the Curragh of Kildare. On the -21st of April, 1709, two troops attended the Earl -of Wharton, the Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, at -his public entry into Dublin; and on the 7th of -May, 1710, two troops escorted his lordship into -Dublin, on his return from England.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1713</div> - -<p>Lieutenant-General Francis Langston having -retired from the service, the Colonelcy of the regiment -was conferred, through the interest of James -Duke of Ormond, on Brigadier-General George -Jocelyn, from the Second Troop (now Second Regiment) -of Life Guards, by commission dated the -20th of October, 1713.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1714<br />1715</div> - -<p>After the accession of King George I. in 1714, -the Duke of Ormond being removed from the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> -command of the army, Brigadier-General Jocelyn -sold his commission and quitted the service; and -was succeeded in the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth -Horse</span> by Major-General Sherrington Davenport, -from the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the First -Troop (now First Regiment) of Life Guards, his -commission bearing date the 9th of February, -1715.</p> - -<p>About this period the distinguishing colour, or -facing, of the regiment was changed from <em>white</em> to -<em>light blue</em>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1716</div> - -<p>When the rebellion of the Earl of Mar, in -favour of the Pretender, broke out in Scotland, the -<span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span> were directed to hold themselves -in readiness to proceed to England on the shortest -notice; but the rebellion was suppressed by the -forces under the Duke of Argyle, without the aid -of this corps being required.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1718</div> - -<p>Tranquillity having been restored, the establishment -of the regiment was reduced to 24 private -men per troop.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1719<br />1732</div> - -<p>The decease of Major-General Davenport occurred -on the 2nd of July, 1719; and on the 6th -of that month King George I. conferred the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span> on Major-General -Owen Wynne, from a Regiment of Dragoons, -now 9th Lancers: this officer commanded the -regiment upwards of thirteen years, and was -removed, in August, 1732, to the Royal Irish -(late Fifth) Regiment of Dragoons.</p> - -<p>In September, 1732, King George II. appointed -Lieutenant-General Thomas Pearce to the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>, from the 5th -Regiment of Foot.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1739</div> - -<p>Lieutenant-General Pearce commanded the regiment -seven years, and, dying in the summer of -1739, was succeeded in the Colonelcy by Major-General -James Lord Tyrawley, from the Royal -Regiment of Fusiliers, his commission bearing -date the 26th of August, 1739.</p> - -<p>On the 27th of the following month the regiment -formed part of a splendid cavalcade which -attended his grace the Duke of Devonshire on -his arrival at Dublin as Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, -from the water-side to the castle.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1740</div> - -<p>The decease of Charles VI., Emperor of Germany, -having been followed by a contest between -his daughter, the Archduchess Maria-Theresa and -the Elector of Bavaria, respecting the sovereignty -of Bohemia and Hungaria, King George II. resolved -to support the house of Austria;—the -strength of the army was augmented, and 10 men -and horses were added in 1740 to each troop of -the <span class="smcap">Fifth</span> Regiment of Horse.</p> - -<p>During the summer of this year (1740) the populace -of Dublin broke out into open riot, committing -many acts of violence and outrage, in consequence -of a scarcity of corn, and <span class="smcap">Tyrawley's Horse</span> -were ordered out and directed to patrole the streets -night and day.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1741<br />1742<br />1743</div> - -<p>In April of the following year a further augmentation -of nine men per troop was made to the -establishment; and in 1742 a British army was -sent to Flanders to support the pretensions of the -Archduchess Maria-Theresa, as Queen of Hungaria, -against the power of France and the Elector -of Bavaria; but this regiment was detained in -Ireland. In the beginning of 1743 the regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> -furnished a draft of ten men and horses per troop -to join the regiments of horse on foreign service.</p> - -<p>Lieutenant-General Lord Tyrawley, after commanding -the regiment nearly four years, was -removed to the Colonelcy of the Second Troop of -Horse Grenadier Guards, and the command of the -<span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span> was conferred on Colonel John -Brown from the Ninth Dragoons, his commission -bearing date the 1st of April, 1743.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1744</div> - -<p>In the beginning of the following year another -draft of men and horses was sent on foreign service.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1745</div> - -<p>In April, 1745, the regiment was reviewed at -Maryborough by Major-General de Grangues; and -after the rebellion headed by Charles Edward, -eldest son of the Pretender, broke out in Scotland, -this regiment was ordered to Dublin, and the -army in Ireland was placed in dispersed cantonments -near the coast to resist any descent which -might be attempted upon the island.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1746</div> - -<p>After the suppression of the rebellion in Scotland, -three of the four regiments of <em>Horse</em> in England -were reduced to the quality of <em>Dragoons</em> (25th -December, 1746), and styled <em>Dragoon Guards</em>, -and this regiment obtained the designation of the -<span class="smcap">First Irish Horse</span>. The regiments of horse on -the Irish establishment (now the 4th, 5th, 6th, and -7th Dragoon Guards) were frequently designated -by the colour of their facings; the <span class="smcap">First</span> being -frequently called the <em>Blue Horse</em>; the <em>Second</em> the -<em>Green Horse</em>; the <em>Third</em>, the <em>Carabiniers</em>; and -the <em>Fourth</em> the <em>Black Horse</em>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1748</div> - -<p>A treaty of peace was concluded with France -and Bavaria at Aix-la-Chapelle in the winter of -1748-9; and, while the negociations were in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> -progress, the establishment of the <span class="smcap">First Irish -Horse</span> (with that of all other regiments of horse -and dragoons in Ireland) was reduced to twenty-one -private men per troop.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1751</div> - -<p>On the 1st of July, 1751, a warrant was issued -under the sign-manual, regulating the uniform, -colours, and standards of the regiments of the line, -from which the following particulars are extracted -respecting the <span class="smcap">First Irish Horse</span>.</p> - -<div class="hats"> -<p><span class="smcap">Hats</span>—Ornamented with silver lace, and a black -cockade.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Coats</span>—Scarlet, faced and lappelled with pale -blue, button-holes worked with white, -white metal buttons set on two and two, -and a long slash pocket in each skirt.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Waistcoats and Breeches</span>—Pale blue.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Cloaks</span>—Red, lined with pale blue, and the buttons -set on two and two, on white frogs, -or loops.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Horse Furniture</span>—Pale blue, with a border -of broad white mohair lace, having a -scarlet stripe down the centre, and - <span class="blkb xs"> - <span class="blka">I </span> - <span class="blka">H</span> -</span> -embroidered on a red ground, within a -wreath of roses and thistles, on each -holster-cap and on each corner of the -housing.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Standards</span>—The King's, or First Standard, to -be of crimson damask, embroidered and -fringed with gold and silver; in the -centre the rose and thistle conjoined and -crown over them, and the motto <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Dieu et -mon Droit</i> underneath; the white -horse in a compartment in the first and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> -fourth corners, and - <span class="blkb xs"> - <span class="blka">I </span> - <span class="blka">H</span> -</span> -in silver character -on a pale blue ground in a compartment -in the second and third corners. The -second and third Standard to be of pale -blue damask; in the centre the rank of -the regiment in silver Roman characters, -on a crimson ground, within a wreath of -roses and thistles; the white horse on a -red ground in the first and fourth compartments, -and the rose and thistle conjoined -upon a red ground in the second -and third compartments.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Officers</span>—Distinguished by silver lace, coats -bound with silver embroidery, the button-holes -worked with silver, and a crimson -silk sash worn over the left shoulder.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Quartermasters</span>—To wear a crimson sash round -the waist.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Corporals</span>—To have narrow silver lace on the -lappels, cuffs, pockets, and shoulder-strops.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Kettle-Drummers and Trumpeters</span>—Clothed -in pale blue, faced and turned -up with red, with long hanging sleeves -fastened at the waist; red waistcoats -and breeches; and the lace to be white -with a red stripe.</p> -</div> - -<div class="sidenote">1753<br />1754</div> - -<p>In May, 1753, the regiment was reviewed by -Major-General Blyth at Carlow, and immediately -afterwards marched to Dublin; in 1754 it was -reviewed by the Earl of Rothes at Philipstown.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1756</div> - -<p>During the summer of 1756 detachments from -the regiments of horse and dragoons in Ireland,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span> -with the whole of the Second and Third Regiments -of Horse, were encamped at Kilkenny, with the -view of establishing a uniform system of drill and -manœuvre in the cavalry.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1759</div> - -<p>Another war having commenced with France, -some preparations were made in 1759 to resist a -menaced descent in Ireland by 28,000 French -under the Duke of Aguillion, and the <span class="smcap">First -Irish Horse</span> were directed to hold themselves in -readiness to march on the shortest notice.</p> - -<p>In the early part of December of this year the -regiment was employed in suppressing riots in -Dublin, occasioned by a supposition that an union -with England was in contemplation. The rioters -broke into the House of Lords, and committed -other outrages, but were eventually suppressed.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1760<br />1762</div> - -<p>The regiment furnished a draft of twelve men -and horses, in February, 1760, to complete the -Third and Fourth Horse to forty-nine men per -troop, previous to their embarkation for Germany; -and another draft of twenty-two men was ordered -in the spring of 1762. During the latter year the -regiment was directed to recruit in Ireland, the -cavalry corps having, previously to this period, -usually procured recruits from England. In a few -years afterwards the ranks of the <span class="smcap">First Irish -Horse</span> were composed almost exclusively of -Irishmen.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-General Brown died in the summer of this -year, and was succeeded in the Colonelcy of the -regiment by Colonel James Johnston, from the -Lieut-Colonelcy of the Royal Horse Guards, by -commission dated the 3rd of August, 1762.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1763</div> - -<p>At this period commotions and tumults prevailed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> -in various parts of Ireland to a most alarming extent; -and in the beginning of 1763 the troops -were employed in assisting the high sheriffs and -magistrates in dispersing and securing bands of -rioters known by the name of <em>levellers</em>. The -head-quarters of the <span class="smcap">First Horse</span> were at Carlow, -and detachments were furnished to assist the -civil power. In May, 1763, the regiment proceded -to Dublin; in July it was ordered to march to the -county of Monaghan to form escorts for the judges -in their circuits; and subsequently Lieutenant-Colonel -Roberts (commanding the regiment at -Monaghan) was directed to furnish such detachments -as Charles Coote, Esq., justice of the peace, -should require to suppress riots, the county of -Cavan being in a very disturbed state.</p> - -<p>A treaty of peace having been concluded with -France, the two regiments of horse returned from -Germany, and the establishment of this regiment -was reduced to twenty private men per troop.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1764</div> - -<p>The regiment was again employed on Dublin -duty in 1764,<a name="FNanchor_14_14" id="FNanchor_14_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_14_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> and while there, orders were received -for all the regiments of horse and dragoons, -excepting the light dragoons, to be mounted on -long-tailed horses; all the English horse and dragoons -were originally mounted on long-tailed -horses, but the fashion of the short dock was introduced -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>about the close of the seventeenth and -beginning of the eighteenth centuries.<a name="FNanchor_15_15" id="FNanchor_15_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_15_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a> The regiment -was also directed to discontinue the white -lace on the button-holes of the waistcoat.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1765<br />1766</div> - -<p>The regiment having been relieved from Dublin -duty, its head-quarters were established in January, -1765, at Tullamore, from whence it marched in -July to Birr, Maryborough, and Mount Mellick. -In December of this year a ration of forage was -fixed at 28 lbs. of hay, 7 lbs. of oats, and 6 lbs. of -straw. During the following year the establishment -of the regiment was reduced to 19 private -men per troop.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1767</div> - -<p>In January 1767 the <span class="smcap">First Horse</span> were again -stationed at Dublin; and were reviewed in the -fifteen-acres in <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'Phoenix Park on the 22nd'">Phœnix Park on the 22nd</ins> of that -month, by the Earl of Granard, who was pleased -to express his approbation of their appearance -and discipline. They were withdrawn from Dublin -in May, and proceeded to Carlow, but returned -in the following month; and in December -marched to Philipstown. Sword-belts suspended -across the right shoulder, which had been used -by the horse more than half a century, were this -year adopted by the dragoons.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1768</div> - -<p>From Philipstown the regiment removed to -Tullamore, where its head-quarters were established -in the beginning of 1768. In a return of -the distinctions of the regiment in Ireland, dated in -February of this year, the <span class="smcap">First Horse</span> are stated -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span>to have <em>deep blue facings, buff waistcoats and -breeches, white lace, and white metal buttons</em>.<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a></p> - -<p>On the 24th of May the regiment was reviewed -by Major-General Lambert; and in June the head-quarters -were removed from Tullamore to Maryborough, -where the regiment was reviewed on -the 9th of June, 1769, by the Earl of Drogheda.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1769</div> - -<p>Some alterations were this year (1769) made in -the uniform of the regiment;—the coats were -made with half-lappels, a red stripe was introduced -into the lace, and the colour of the horse-furniture -was changed from <em>light</em> to <em>dark blue</em>. -The cavalry officers were directed to wear their -sashes with the fringe upon the right side, and -the infantry officers upon the left, and the officers -of the regiments of horse were directed to wear -their sword-belts across the right shoulder, over -the waistcoat and under the coat.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1770</div> - -<p>A change of cantonments, took place during the -winter, and in January, 1770, the head-quarters of -the regiment were at Kilkenny; but they were -again established at Maryborough in July.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1771<br />1772<br />1773<br />1774<br />1775</div> - -<p>In the summer of 1771 the regiment marched -to Dublin, and was reviewed by the Lord-Lieutenant -in July, in the Phœnix Park.<a name="FNanchor_17_17" id="FNanchor_17_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a> After -performing duty at the capital until December, it -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span>marched into country quarters, and occupied for -short periods Tullamore, Philipstown, Carlow, -and Maryborough, during the three succeeding -years; and in the summer of 1775 was again -stationed at Dublin.</p> - -<p>Major-General Johnston having been removed -to the 11th Dragoons, His Majesty conferred the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">First Horse</span> on Major-General -James Johnston (cousin of the former colonel of -the same name), from the Ninth Dragoons, by -commission dated the 27th of April, 1775.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1776</div> - -<p>The British colonies in North America having -rebelled against the mother-country, the regiment -furnished in February, 1776, a draft of sixteen -troop-horses to be sent to North America and employed -in that country as the service required; -180 horses were sent from the cavalry corps in -Ireland, and 16 guineas were allowed to the regiment -for each horse. In July an augmentation of -one corporal and 10 private men per troop was -made to the establishment; parties of mounted -men were sent out to enlist recruits, and directions -were given that none but Protestants be engaged.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1777<br />1778</div> - -<p>In the beginning of 1777 the regiment was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span> -again in cantonments in the country, the head-quarters -being at Castlebar, from whence they were -removed in June to Roscommon, &c., but returned -to Castlebar in the winter, and in May, 1778, proceeded -to Birr, where the regiment was reviewed, -on the 24th of that month, by Major-General De -Burgh. While at this station the officers were -ordered to provide themselves with tents, and to be -in constant readiness to take the field. In June -the head-quarters were removed to Belfast, in July -to Armagh, and in September returned to Belfast.</p> - -<p>In April, 1778, Lieutenant-General James Johnston -was removed to the Enniskillen Dragoons, -and was succeeded in the command of the <span class="smcap">First -Horse</span> by Major-General George Warde, from the -14th Dragoons.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1779<br />1780<br />1781</div> - -<p>On the 1st of June, 1779, the regiment marched -to Lisburn, and in July the head-quarters were -established at Belturbet. At this station they -appear to have remained until July, 1781, when -they were removed to Athlone, where the regiment -was reviewed by Major-General Massey on the -2nd of August, and soon afterwards proceeded to -Dublin, but in November returned to Athlone.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1782<br />1783</div> - -<p>The regiment was again reviewed by Major-General -Massey, on the 21st of June, 1782, at -Athlone, from whence it marched, in a few days -afterwards, to Mount Mellick, and, in January of -the following year, to Dublin.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1784</div> - -<p>From Dublin the regiment proceeded, in July, -1784, to Tullamore. Its establishment, at this -period, was 21 officers, 174 non-commissioned -officers and private soldiers, and 133 troop-horses; -but the American war having been terminated by -acknowledging the independence of the United<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span> -States, the numbers of the regiment were reduced -10 men per troop.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1785</div> - -<p>Major-General Sir Henry Calder reviewed the -regiment at Tullamore on the 4th of June, 1785, -and on the 9th it marched to Nenagh, from whence -a detachment of one corporal and six private men -was sent to Dublin, where parties from every -cavalry regiment in Ireland were assembled to -establish an uniform system of horsemanship.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1786<br />1787</div> - -<p>After remaining upwards of a year at Nenagh, -the regiment marched, in July, 1786, to Carlow, -where it passed the succeeding twelve months, and -in July, 1787, proceeded to Longford.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1788</div> - -<p>While at this station, His Majesty's commands -were conveyed to the regiment for converting it -from a corps of <span class="smcap">Horse</span> into a corps of <span class="smcap">Dragoons</span>, -with the title of <span class="smcap">Dragoon Guards</span>. -The following is a copy of the order for this -change:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="center fs90">'GENERAL ORDER.</p> - -<p class="right fs80">'<em>Adjutant-General's Office, Dublin</em>,</p> -<p class="right padr4 fs80">'14th Feb., 1788.</p> - -<div class="genorder"> -<span class="smcap">First Horse</span><br /> -to<br /> -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Second Horse</span><br /> -to<br /> -<span class="smcap">Fifth Dragoon Guards</span>,<br /> -<span class="smcap">Third Horse</span><br /> -to<br /> -<span class="smcap">Sixth Dragoon Guards</span>,<br /> -and<br /> -<span class="smcap">Fourth Horse</span><br /> -to<br /> -<span class="smcap">Seventh Dragoon Guards</span>.<br /> -</div> - -<p>'It is His Majesty's pleasure that the four -regiments of <span class="smcap">Horse</span> on this establishment be -converted to <span class="smcap">Dragoon -Guards</span>, according to the -number specified in the -margin: this regulation to -take effect from the 1st of -April next inclusive; and, -in consequence of the -alteration of the establishment -of the regiments of -horse, His Majesty has -been pleased to direct that<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> -compensation shall be made to every officer of -the four regiments of horse, for the reduced pay -of each, of which a proper scheme shall be made -known as soon as the same can be digested. His -Majesty has also been pleased to signify, that, -in the change now proposed, it is not intended -that any injury shall be sustained by the -Colonels of the regiments, and that a compensation -will be made to them for any reduction of -pay or emolument they may suffer by the change; -and also, that they will be reimbursed such -reasonable extra expense as will be necessary for -altering their present accoutrements, as likewise -for the clothes, accoutrements, &c., of the augmented -numbers, proper estimates of which will -be immediately delivered to the Commander-in-Chief, -to be laid before his Excellency the Lord -Lieutenant.</p> - -<p>'Such men of the regiments of horse as choose -to re-enlist will receive a bounty of two guineas, -excepting such corporals as shall be made serjeants, -and, in consequence, have their pay -advanced. I am to inform you that in all other -respects the regiments of <span class="smcap">Dragoon Guards</span> are -to conform to all His Majesty's regulations -relative to the regiments of <span class="smcap">Dragoons</span>.</p> - -<p class="right smcap padr2">'William Fawcett,</p> -<p class="right">'<em>Adjutant-General</em>.'</p> -</div> - -<p>The compensation granted to the Colonel of the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> was 150<em>l.</em> per annum -for life, with 180<em>l.</em> 10<em>s.</em> for the alterations in the -equipment; the Lieut.-Colonel received 575<em>l.</em>; -Major, 525<em>l.</em>; Captains, each 475<em>l.</em>; Captain-Lieutenant -and Lieutenants, 350<em>l.</em>; and the -Cornets each 250<em>l.</em></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span></p> - -<p>The establishment of the regiment was fixed at -1 colonel and captain, 1 lieutenant-colonel and -captain, 1 major and captain, 3 captains, 6 lieutenants, -6 cornets, 1 chaplain, 1 adjutant, 1 surgeon, -6 quarter-masters, 6 serjeants, 12 corporals, -6 trumpeters, 114 private men, and 6 dismounted -men. The carbines were cut shorter; the width -of the belts was reduced from 4½ to 3 inches; -and the officers were directed to wear their sword-belts -over their coats when on duty, and when off -duty over their waistcoats. The standard for recruits -was fixed at from 5 feet 8½ inches, to 5 feet -11 inches.</p> - -<p>The necessary alterations having been completed, -and the regiment constituted the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span>, its head-quarters were established -at Belturbet; and on the 18th of April -His Majesty was graciously pleased to approve of -its bearing the title of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Regiment -of Dragoon Guards</span>, in consideration of -its long and faithful services in Ireland<a name="FNanchor_18_18" id="FNanchor_18_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a>.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1790<br />1791<br />1792</div> - -<p>From Belturbet the regiment marched on the -1st of May, 1790, for Dublin, where it was -reviewed on the 20th of August by Major-General -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span>Lyon, and in August, 1791, by Major-General -White, and again by the same officer in May, -1792. In July of the latter year it marched from -Dublin to Carlow.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1793</div> - -<p>During the period the regiment lay at Carlow, -the violent republicans of France, who had previously -overturned the ancient form of government -in that country, were guilty of the atrocious conduct -of beheading their King and Queen, and of -involving the kingdom in scenes of outrage, -massacre, and devastation. These proceedings -were followed by a war between Great Britain -and the regicide Government of France; and the -establishment of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span> was augmented in August, 1793, to 334 -non-commissioned officers and privates, and 276 -troop horses.</p> - -<p>In the meantime, a British army, commanded by -His Royal Highness the Duke of York, had proceeded -to the Netherlands, and the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish -Dragoon Guards</span> marched on the 10th of -August, 1793, for Dublin, where they embarked -in October for England, in the expectation of -proceeding to join the Duke of York's army in -Flanders.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1794<br />1795<br />1796</div> - -<p>After its arrival in England, the regiment was -stationed at Nottingham, and its establishment was -further augmented to nine troops of 56 men per -troop. The order for its proceeding on foreign -service was, however, rescinded, and it was -directed to return to Ireland. It accordingly -marched from Nottingham to Liverpool, where it -embarked in the winter of 1795, and after landing -at Dublin, halted a short time in that city, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> -afterwards proceeded into cantonments in the -country, the head-quarters being established at -Belturbet. While stationed at this place, the -establishment was augmented (1st April, 1796) to -65 rank and file per troop, making a total of 612 -officers and soldiers.</p> - -<p>The Roman Catholics of Ireland had, for some -years past, been combining against the British -government, forming secret associations, and committing -numerous acts of outrage and murder upon -the Protestants, and at this period they were preparing -for open resistance; a military organization -was secretly taking place in several counties,—fire-arms -were procured, and pikes manufactured. -Several Irishmen of property, who had been implicated -in treasonable practices, had fled to France, -through whose agency application was made, by -the disaffected in Ireland, to the French Government, -for a force to assist them in breaking their -connection with England, and in establishing their -independence as a republic. The French Directory -cherished a decided antipathy to the British, as a -people from whose firm determination, constancy -of purpose, and immense resources the towering -expectations of their republic were likely to be -brought down. The proposal from Ireland was -consequently acceded to, and an armament was -prepared at Brest, with transport for 25,000 men, -to be commanded by General Hoche. The -assemblage of shipping and troops at Brest, with -the agitated state of Ireland, occasioned the army -in that kingdom to be augmented; and the country -to be divided into five military districts. On -the 24th of December the French fleet appeared<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span> -in Bantry Bay. The <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span> were immediately despatched to oppose -the enemy, and had a most harassing march from -Belturbet to Bantry in severe and inclement -weather.</p> - -<p>Some misunderstanding appears to have occurred -between the French Directory and Irish -malcontents, respecting the period when the troops -were to arrive; the Irish were not prepared to -rise at this time, and they were overawed by the -number of the King's troops near the coast. The -French fleet was partly dispersed by a storm, and -the remainder of the force, alarmed at the preparations -made to oppose their landing, returned to -France. After the departure of the hostile fleet -the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> marched back -to their former quarters, and occupied Belturbet -and the adjacent towns.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1797</div> - -<p>In the spring of 1797 the establishment was -augmented to 703 officers and men, at the same -time a second Lieut.-Colonel and a second Major -were added to the regiment. In August of this year -the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> encamped on the -Curragh of Kildare, together with the 5th, 6th, -and 7th Dragoon Guards, and 5th and 9th Dragoons; -and these corps were reviewed in September -by Lieut.-General Sir David Dundas, who -issued very complimentary orders on the occasion. -The camp broke up in October, when the regiment -marched to Maryborough, with detachments -at Mount Mellick and Ballinakill.</p> - -<p>During this year some alterations were made in -the equipment of the regiment: the large carbines -were exchanged for others of a smaller size; and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span> -the pair of large pistols for a single pistol; and the -saddles were also considerably reduced in size. -Lappels to the coats and silver lace on the men's -hats were discontinued; and the colour of the -waistcoats was changed from buff to white.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1798</div> - -<p>In the succeeding year the disaffected in Ireland -broke out into open rebellion. Their leaders, -having received fresh promises of aid from France, -became confident of having their hopes and wishes -accomplished, and the 22nd of May, 1798, was -appointed for a general rising. The government -had taken measures to meet the coming danger; -a numerous yeomanry force was embodied; the -regular troops were kept in constant readiness for -active service; and, information of the designs of -the insurgents having been procured, the leaders -were seized and imprisoned, and the plan of the -rebellion was disorganized. The passions of the -misguided peasantry had, however, been wrought -into fury and madness by all the motives which -bigotry, hope of personal advantage, and thirst for -vengeance could inspire, and the rebellion, so long -suppressed, broke out with accumulated horrors. -During the whole of its continuance the <span class="smcap">Royal -Irish Dragoon Guards</span> were constantly employed -in this painful and unnatural warfare.</p> - -<p>The regiment, having marched from Maryborough, -was detached to the different towns near -Dublin, where the rebels were in force. Captain -William Smith's troop was stationed at <em>Naas</em>, -with a party of fencible cavalry and another of -Armagh militia. This town was attacked on the -24th of May by two thousand rebels: their first -attempt was upon the county jail, where they were<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span> -repulsed with great loss; and they then possessed -themselves of all the principal avenues to the town, -and made a simultaneous attack on the posts occupied -by the troops. The wild and disorderly -rush of the undisciplined multitude was opposed by -the troops with firmness, and after a contest of an -hour's duration, the rebels were repulsed with the -loss of one-hundred and forty men left dead in the -streets. The <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> and -fencibles charged several times and slaughtered -many of the rebels in the pursuit. The regiment -had Quarter Master Rowayne and private Hughes, -with eleven horses killed; and ten men and a -number of horses wounded. This loss was occasioned -by the rebel pikemen.</p> - -<p>During the night a party of rebels set fire to the -barracks at <em>Prosperous</em>, where one officer and -twenty-eight men of the militia perished: a party -of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> was also surprised -in quarters and nearly every man put to -death: a few men were taken prisoners and afterwards -butchered by the insurgents with the most -inhuman cruelty. A party of fencibles was also -surprised and murdered at Dunboyne; and the -same misfortune befel a party of the Suffolk militia -escorting baggage to Kildare. A number of -other towns were attacked: in some instances the -rebels were successful, in others they were defeated; -and on the 25th, 26th, and 27th of May -numerous skirmishes occurred, and civil war with -all its horrors raged in the heart of Ireland.</p> - -<p>A body of rebels attempted to surprise <em>Carlow</em>, -which was garrisoned by detachments of the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> and Ninth Dra<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span>goons, -with some Yeomanry, Militia, and Volunteers, -amounting to about 450 men. The rebels -assembled nearly 3000 strong on the estate of Sir -William Crosbie, Bart., who led them to the attack; -and after a sharp conflict they were defeated, -with the loss of 500 men killed, and many prisoners, -including their leader, who was immediately -tried by martial law and hanged.</p> - -<p>Numerous encounters occurred in other parts of -the country; and on the 30th of May a detachment -of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, with a -party of fencibles and Antrim militia, proceeding -under the command of Colonel Walpole to join -Major-General Loftus at <em>Gorey</em>, arrived at a place -where the road was low and narrow, with high -clay banks on each side crowded with bushes, and -beyond them deep trenches, where they were attacked -by an ambush of rebels of overwhelming -numbers. The cavalry, by repeated charges to -the front and right, endeavoured to extricate themselves, -but their utmost efforts could not avail -against the immense numbers by which they were -opposed; and after an unequal fight of an hour's -duration, in which their commanding officer, Colonel -Walpole, and many men and horses were -killed, they were forced to retire, covered by the -militia, and had the mortification of losing three -guns. About the same date 15,000 rebels took -Wexford, and in the beginning of June made an -attack upon New Ross, but were repulsed.<a name="FNanchor_19_19" id="FNanchor_19_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_19_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> Enraged -at this failure, they murdered, at the instigation -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span>of their priests, 241 Protestant prisoners in -cold blood, and evinced, in this act, a ferocious -cruelty not exceeded by the savage barbarians of -the most uncultivated part of the world.</p> - -<p>On the 4th of June Captain Sir Richard Steel -engaged, with his troop of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span>, a body of rebels posted at <em>Ovidstown</em>, -and the insurgents fought for some time with bravery, -but were eventually dispersed with great -slaughter. The troop had one serjeant, two -rank and file, and three horses killed; with nine -men and a number of horses wounded. Captain -Sir Richard Steel had his horse killed under him, -and was himself severely wounded.</p> - -<p>About the same period a body of rebels attacked -the first, or Colonel's, troop of this regiment, at -<em>Goff's Bridge</em>, when the Dragoon Guards repulsed -the furious onsets of their reckless opponents with -signal gallantry, and drove back the insurgents -with loss.</p> - -<p>Part of the regiment afterwards proceeded to -<em>Arklow</em>, in the neighbourhood of which place the -rebels were in great force. On the morning of the -9th of June, 30,000 insurgents advanced to attack -the town with three guns and such a multitude of -pikemen, that they appeared like a moving forest. -Thrice they attacked the town, headed by their -priests in clerical vestments, and evinced astonishing -intrepidity; but were unable to make any impression -on the steady valour of the King's troops, -though they had an advantage in numbers of twenty -to one. The celebrated Father Murphy was cut -in two by a cannon-ball while in the act of heading -one of the attacks, waving a green flag, and shouting -"Liberty or death." The contest was con<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span>tinued -until evening; and the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> and Fifth Dragoons repeatedly charged, -and in every instance routed the rebels with immense -loss. The Fencible regiment of Ancient -Britons also distinguished itself, and its Colonel, -Sir W. Williams Wynne, was overpowered, and a -rebel was in the act of piking him, when Corporal -James M'Connel, of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span>, rushed forward to his aid, and slew the -rebel. Captain William Smith also distinguished -himself at the head of his troop of the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span> in a particular manner. About -eight o'clock in the evening the rebels retreated, -leaving the ground literally covered with slain, -their loss being estimated at between 6000 and -7000 men.</p> - -<p>After repulsing the enemy at Arklow, dispositions -were made for a combined attack of the -King's forces on the rebels' stronghold at <em>Vinegar -Hill</em>,<a name="FNanchor_20_20" id="FNanchor_20_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a> in the neighbourhood of Enniscorthy; and -the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span> marched to -the scene of conflict under the orders of Major-General -Wilford. The design of the Commander-in-Chief -was to surround the post; and with this -view 15,000 men, with artillery in proportion, advanced -by four different routes. The <em>first</em> division -commanded by Lieutenant-General Sir David -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span>Dundas; the <em>second</em> under Major-Generals Sir -James Duff and Loftus; the <em>third</em> under Major-General -Needham; and the <em>fourth</em> under Major-Generals -Johnson and Ross: the last was to attack -the town of Enniscorthy, situate at the base of the -hill, and to drive the rebels from thence. The -troops having arrived at their stations (excepting -Major-General Needham's division), the attack -commenced about seven o'clock on the morning of -the 21st of June, with a sharp cannonade. The -rebels sustained the fire of the artillery and troops -for nearly two hours, when they gave way and fled -through the space which should have been occupied -by the third division (hence called Needham's -gap) in the greatest confusion towards Wexford; -the cavalry galloped forward in pursuit, and made -a dreadful slaughter among the fugitives. In -their haste to escape from the sabres and bayonets -of the King's troops, the rebels left behind them -their cannon (fourteen pieces), with an immense -quantity of plunder collected from the neighbouring -towns and gentlemen's houses; also a number -of muskets, pistols, and swords, and a great quantity -of pikes, scythes, and other implements of -destruction. The loss of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> was, four men killed, and ten wounded; -besides a number of horses killed and wounded. -After the action the regiment proceeded to its -former quarters at Maryborough and Mount Mellick, -where it was kept in constant readiness for -further operations; and detachments were employed -on various services.</p> - -<p>The remains of the rebel army continued to -make an unavailing resistance, and endeavoured<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span> -to force the passes which separate the counties of -Wexford and Carlow. On one occasion, a party -of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> and a small -body of the Wexford militia disputed the passage -of the river Barrow at <em>Gore's Bridge</em>, against an -overwhelming force of rebels; after displaying -much intrepidity and heroism, and losing many -men in killed and wounded, the soldiers were -overpowered, and 27 taken prisoners: 7 of the -captives were supposed to be Orangemen, and -were instantly shot, and their fellow-soldiers were -forced to be their executioners.</p> - -<p>In July, the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> -marched, under the command of Colonel Thewles -(accompanied by Major-General Sir James Duff), -to attack, in conjunction with other troops, a considerable -body of rebels who had taken post at -<em>Kildare</em>. On the advance of the King's forces, -the insurgents, after a short resistance, set the -town on fire and retired to a position on the curragh -of Kildare. Here they were attacked, overpowered, -and routed by the cavalry, with a loss of -250 killed and many wounded. Previous to the -termination of this sanguinary affair, Lieutenant-General -Sir David Dundas arrived with a body -of troops, to whom the surviving rebels surrendered,—the -General having authority to give -protection to such of the insurgents as should lay -down their arms and return to their allegiance.</p> - -<p>From this period the rebellion may be considered -suppressed; some of the most obstinate of -the rebels, however, continued in a body and committed -many enormities; and the French endeavoured -to revive the conflict by sending General<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> -Humbert, with upwards of 1000 men, all desperate -characters, who landed at Killala on the 22nd -of August. The <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> were -immediately ordered to march for Connaught, but -the French having been made prisoners, the order -was countermanded, and the regiment returned to -its quarters at Maryborough. Thus was this unnatural -contest terminated; but the repeated atrocities -of the Catholics led to equally frightful retaliations, -and the sanguinary hatred engendered by -religious antipathy and a thirst for revenge produced -a fearful catalogue of crime after the rebels -were subdued. The loss of the insurgents during -this rebellion has been estimated at 50,000 men, -and that of the royalists at 19,000 men.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1799</div> - -<p>Scarcely were the troubles in Ireland terminated -and the country restored to tranquillity, when the -regiment received orders to hold itself in readiness -for foreign service, and, having marched to Dublin, -it there received a draught of men and horses from -the 6th Dragoon Guards.</p> - -<p>Embarking from Dublin in August, 1799, it -landed at Liverpool, from whence it proceeded by -forced marches to Northampton, expecting to form -part of the Anglo-Russian army, destined to attempt -to rescue Holland from the power of France; -but the Dutch not seconding the efforts made -for their deliverance, the troops were withdrawn, -and the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> continued -at Northampton during the remainder of that -year.</p> - -<p>During the summer the regiment received orders -to cut the horses' tails, which had been worn of the -natural length since 1764, and the operation occa<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span>sioned -the loss of several valuable horses, which -died of locked-jaw.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1800</div> - -<p>In the beginning of the following year the establishment -was augmented to ten troops, and the -total numbers to 850 officers and men. In February -the regiment marched from Northampton -for Scotland, and on its arrival occupied Hamilton -barracks; in the autumn it proceeded to Edinburgh, -where it remained nearly two years.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1802</div> - -<p>After the conclusion of the peace of Amiens with -the French government, the establishment of the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> was reduced to eight -troops, and the total numbers to 550 officers and -soldiers and 500 troop horses. In August, 1802, -the regiment proceeded to Ireland, and, having -landed at Donaghadee, it occupied Belturbet, Longford, -and Enniskillen. This year the length of the -skirts of the men's coats was reduced, and the blue -half-lappels discontinued.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1803</div> - -<p>The peace, ratified in 1802, did not long 'diffuse -its blessings o'er the land.' The First Consul -of France, Napoleon Bonaparte, soon found opportunities -to violate the conditions of a treaty which -he never intended should be permanent,—merely -wishing to have the army of Great Britain disbanded -or reduced to a peace establishment, to -further his hostile views against the country; and -he ventured to make preparations to invade England. -Happily his designs were frustrated; the -spirit and energy of the British people were soon -roused; an extraordinary feeling of patriotism -pervaded the whole country,—the regular army -was augmented,—the militia called out,—the yeomanry -and volunteers enrolled,—and in a few months<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> -a force of 500,000 men was prepared for any emergency. -Bonaparte's threat of invasion soon evaporated, -his proud spirit quailed before such a -mighty preparation, and he feared to attempt the -shores of Britain with his legions. The establishment -of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> was -augmented on this occasion to 670 officers and -soldiers.</p> - -<p>After a service of sixty years the veteran General, -George Warde, died (11th March, 1803) in -the 78th year of his age, and was succeeded in the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span> -by Major-General Miles Staveley, whose regiment, -the 28th, or Duke of York's own Light Dragoons, -had been disbanded a few months previously to this -period.</p> - -<p>In April of this year (1803) the regiment -marched to Longford and adjacent towns; and -the efficiency of the corps was increased by the -addition of three Captains to the establishment, -which released the Field Officers from the charge -of troops.</p> - -<p>On the 16th December Captain Charles Dodgson, -who commanded the troop at Philipstown, went -in search of an outlaw, for whose apprehension the -government had offered a large reward: arriving -at the ruins of an old castle, where the rebel had -established himself, the captain summoned him to -surrender: he refused, and instantly fired at the -captain, and so severely wounded him as to occasion -his death in a few moments. This murder caused -a great feeling of regret in the regiment, by which -Captain Dodgson was much beloved.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1804</div> - -<p>In the spring of the following year it marched<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span> -to Dublin, and embarked for England; and, after -landing at Liverpool, marched to Exeter, Truro, -Totness, and Honiton; and in December, 44 men -and 80 horses were added to the establishment.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1805</div> - -<p>The regiment quitted Devonshire and Cornwall -in the spring of 1805, for Kent, and was assembled -at Canterbury in May. On the 23rd of -August it was inspected by His Royal Highness -the Duke of York, and was honoured with his -royal approbation of the appearance and discipline -of the regiment. It was also inspected, on the 4th -of October, by its Colonel, Major-General Staveley, -who expressed great satisfaction at its condition. -During its stay at Canterbury its establishment -was augmented to 769 men and 769 troop horses.</p> - -<p>In September of this year a regulation was established -in the regiment, for each man to pay 1<em>s.</em> -per month, and the sums thus produced to be invested -in the public funds, and to be designated <em>St. -Patrick's Fund</em>. From this fund every soldier, after -a continued contribution for twelve years or upwards, -was to receive, on his discharge, either the -whole amount of his subscription, or a yearly pension, -according to a fixed scale. Great advantages -have accrued to the men of the regiment from this -excellent institution. There are now (1838) 36 -pensioners upon the fund, and the highest upon the -list receives 6<em>l.</em> 1<em>s.</em> 6<em>d.</em> annually, after twenty-seven -years' contribution. The stock amounts to 3350<em>l.</em> -reduced 3 per cent. annuities.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1806</div> - -<p>The regiment quitted Canterbury in December, -on route for Scotland; and in February, 1806, was -established in quarters at Piershill barracks, Edinburgh, -with Hamilton and Glasgow; but it was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> -recalled to England in a few weeks afterwards, and -occupied Manchester, Liverpool, and Chester.</p> - -<p>On the 8th of August two troops were inspected -at Liverpool by His Royal Highness the Duke of -Gloucester, accompanied by the Duke of Clarence -(afterwards King William IV.); their Royal Highnesses -also saw the whole regiment at Manchester -on the 25th of September, and expressed their approbation -of its appearance and discipline in the -most flattering terms.<a name="FNanchor_21_21" id="FNanchor_21_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_21_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a></p> - -<p>While the regiment was stationed in Lancashire -its establishment was augmented to ten troops; -and the total numbers to 904 officers and soldiers, -and 854 troop horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1807</div> - -<p>The regiment was reviewed on the 9th of June, -1807, at Manchester, by Major-General Fisher; -and in the following month two troops marched to -Nottingham: in the autumn the regiment occupied -quarters at Birmingham (head-quarters), -Nottingham, Coventry, Manchester, Liverpool, -Chester, and Warrington.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1808</div> - -<p>In the summer of the following year great excitement -prevailed in the manufacturing towns in -Lancashire and the adjoining counties; and in -May a serious riot took place at <em>Manchester</em>, in -consequence of a bill, fixing the minimum of wages, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span>having been rejected by parliament: so great was -the violence of the rioters, that the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> and militia were obliged to use -violent means, and unfortunately eight men were -killed and several wounded. This severity did -not, however, prevent another body of weavers -assembling on the 1st of June, and committing -many acts of violence and outrage; and the cavalry -was again obliged to act. The weavers of other -towns were equally outrageous; and at Rochdale -they attacked and burnt the prison, and were only -prevented committing further mischief by the arrival -of a troop of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span> from Manchester.</p> - -<p>The disturbed state of the manufacturing towns, -and the numerous calls of the civil authorities for -the aid of a military force, occasioned much harassing -duty to the regiment throughout the summer, -and these services were rendered particularly painful -to the troops, from the necessity of frequently -using coercive measures to restrain the lawless -violence of the people.</p> - -<p>In November Major-General Pigott inspected -the regiment at Birmingham, and expressed himself -gratified at finding it so effective after the severe -duties on which it had been employed.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1809</div> - -<p>During this year the men's hair, which had -been worn long and tied behind with a queue, was -ordered to be cut short; and in 1809 the use of -powder to the hair was abolished. An order was -also received for the appointment of troop serjeant-majors -in the place of troop quartermasters, when -vacancies occurred. A reduction of one hundred<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> -horses was also made to the establishment in 1808, -and again in 1809.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1810</div> - -<p>Numerous changes of quarters took place during -the year 1809, and the spring of 1810, and in -the summer of the latter year the regiment occupied -York, Leeds, Sheffield, Newcastle, Beverley, -&c. &c. During the autumn and early part -of the winter of this year (1810) four troops (A. -B. C. and D.) were employed under Major Ross -in suppressing the riotous conduct of the workmen -in the coal-districts in the counties of <em>Northumberland</em> -and <em>Durham</em>, which, after much difficulty and -painful service, was happily effected to the satisfaction -of the coal-owners, who presented the regiment -with a handsome <span class="smcap">Silver Vase</span>, with the -following inscription:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>'<span class="smcap">Presented</span> to the Mess of the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span>, by the <span class="smcap">Coal-Owners</span> -on the rivers Tyne and Wear, as a -mark of grateful respect for services performed -by a part of that corps, called out in aid of the -civil power, in suppressing a riotous combination -of their workmen in the year 1810.'</p> -</div> - -<div class="sidenote">1811</div> - -<p>In November, 1810, and again in May, 1811, -the regiment was inspected by Major-General -Vyse, who passed very high encomiums on its -appearance and discipline. In June following it -marched to Radipole barracks, where it received -orders, on the 5th of July, for six troops to be -held in readiness to proceed on foreign service, -to join the army commanded by General the -Earl of Wellington, which was fighting against -the legions of Bonaparte in Portugal and Spain;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -and the establishment was augmented to 800 troop -horses. The six troops, amounting to 550 men, -and 534 horses, under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel -Sherlock, embarked at Plymouth on the -24th of July, and, having a quick voyage, landed -at Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, on the 4th of -August.</p> - -<p>The allied army under the command of Lord -Wellington was, at this period, on the frontiers of -Spain, and the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, after -halting three weeks at the royal barracks at Belem -to refresh the horses, received orders to march up -the country and join Major-General Le Merchant's -brigade of heavy cavalry. Leaving Belem on the -1st of September, the regiment proceeded by Villa -Franca and Santarem, to Abrantes—a romantic-looking -town situate on the summit of a lofty precipice -on the right bank of the Tagus.</p> - -<p>After occupying Abrantes and the adjacent -villages a few days, the regiment resumed its -march, and proceeded by Niza, and Villa Velha, -to Castello Branco, where it was reviewed by Lord -Wellington, who expressed his entire approbation -of the appearance and discipline of the corps, and -of the excellent quality and condition of the horses, -and ordered twenty of the lightest to be transferred -to the regiments of light dragoons. In October -the regiment marched to Bismula, subsequently -to Fundão, and from thence to Santa Combadão, -and after the siege of Ciudad Rodrigo was raised, -it proceeded into quarters for the winter at Fundão.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1812</div> - -<p>When the siege of <em>Ciudad Rodrigo</em> was resumed, -the regiment moved forward and formed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> -part of the force employed in covering the operation; -and whilst engaged in this service a scarcity -of forage was so severely experienced, that the -condition of the horses was much deteriorated. -After the capture of this fortress by storm on the -19th of January, 1812, some changes took place -in the cavalry brigades, and this regiment was -removed to Major-General Slade's brigade, which -consisted of the Third and <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> and First Royal Dragoons. This brigade -marched to Santa Combadão and adjacent -villages; and subsequently proceeded to the Alentego -to join the southern army, and cover the siege -of the important fortress of <em>Badajoz</em>. Marshal -Soult advanced with a strong French corps to relieve -the town; but it was taken by storm (6th -April) before his arrival. He then retired, leaving -a strong rear-guard at <em>Llerena</em>, towards which -place the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, and other -cavalry corps, advanced; and the French troops at -this place were attacked and defeated on the 11th -of April, by the British cavalry.</p> - -<p>The brigade, of which the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> formed part, was afterwards attached -to the army of the south under the command of -Lieut.-General Sir Rowland Hill, and was employed -in all the operations and movements performed -by that body of troops.</p> - -<p>After the important victory gained by the main -army under Lord Wellington, on the 22nd of July, -at Salamanca, the army of the south advanced -upon Madrid, in which city the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> were stationed for several days; at the -same time Lord Wellington was engaged in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> -siege of Burgos. A powerful French army under -General Clausel having advanced to raise the siege, -while another army under Marshal Soult, and a -third under Joseph Bonaparte (who had been elevated -by his brother to the throne of Spain), were -advancing upon Madrid, Lord Wellington found -himself unable to cope with the combined forces -thus assembled to attack him, and he commenced -retreating upon Salamanca. At the same time Sir -Rowland Hill's corps withdrew from its forward -position, and after a long and toilsome retreat the -whole army was concentrated near Salamanca. -The French afterwards crossed the Tormes at -Alba de Tormes, and Lord Wellington retreated -across the Agueda and entered Portugal. During -this movement the troops suffered severely from the -inclemency of the weather and the want of provision: -the rain fell in torrents almost the whole of -the time; and the bad condition of the roads, added -to the scanty supply of forage, was particularly injurious -to the cavalry, and occasioned the death of -many horses of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, -and other corps. The regiment was ordered into -quarters at Zarga Maior; from whence it marched, -towards the end of December, into cantonments at -Brozas.</p> - -<p>Several alterations were this year made in the -clothing and appointments of the regiment: the -men's coats were altered to short coatees, with -blue collar and cuffs, and white bar lace with a -blue cord across the breast; the cocked hat and -white feather were discontinued, and a brass helmet, -having the crest surmounted with long black -horse-hair, was adopted. The horse appointments<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span> -were changed from black to brown leather; the -leather saddle-bags to a cloth <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'valice'">valise</ins>; and sabretaches -were introduced.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1813</div> - -<p>Strenuous exertions were made during the winter -to render the regiment particularly efficient for -the ensuing campaign: men, horses, clothing, and -appointments, arrived from England, and the corps -was brought into the most perfect condition for the -field; when an order was given for four regiments -of cavalry to transfer their horses to the other corps -and proceed to England; and to the extreme regret -of the officers and men, who panted for an -opportunity to distinguish themselves in action -with the enemy, the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> -was one of the regiments ordered to return home,—the -other three were the 9th, 11th, and 13th Light -Dragoons. The commanding-officer, Lieutenant-Colonel -Sherlock, used his utmost endeavours to -have the order rescinded, and to obtain permission -for the regiment to remain on foreign service, but -without avail; and the only <span class="smcap">St. Patrick's Day</span> the -<span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span> ever hailed with -sorrowful feelings was the one which brought the -order for the surrender of their horses to other -corps, and for their ceasing to form part of the -army under Lord Wellington's command.</p> - -<p>Having transferred 220 horses to the First -Royal Dragoons, and 110 to the Third Dragoon -Guards, the dismounted men proceeded to Lisbon, -where they embarked for Portsmouth, and after -their arrival marched to Hilsea barracks. On the -3rd of June they re-embarked at Portsmouth, and -proceeded by sea to Hull, and from thence to -York, where the four depôt troops and heavy bag<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span>gage -joined under the command of Major Ogilvie, -from Canterbury.</p> - -<p>During the period the regiment was serving in -Portugal and Spain, it sustained, from change of -climate, sickness, fatigue, privation, and other -causes arising out of the arduous duties in which -it had been employed, a loss of 239 men, and 445 -horses.</p> - -<p>While on foreign service a schoolmaster-serjeant -was added to the corps, and that excellent institution, -the regimental school, was established under -the auspices of His Royal Highness the Duke of -York, whose kind care and attention to the interests -and welfare of the soldiers on numerous occasions -renders the memory of His Royal Highness -dear to every individual of the British army.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1814</div> - -<p>In October of this year (1813) the regiment -was inspected at York by Major-General Cheney, -who expressed great satisfaction at its appearance. -In the following spring it occupied quarters at -York, Sheffield, Newcastle, and Durham; from -whence it marched, in May, in divisions for Edinburgh, -and was there inspected by Major-General -Sir Granby Calcraft on the 29th and 30th of that -month: one squadron was afterwards stationed -at Haddington.</p> - -<p>In the <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note—Original text: 'mean time the legions'">meantime the legions</ins> of Bonaparte had not -only been driven out of Spain, but he had also lost -that immense accession of territory which had been -acquired by the armies of France since the revolution; -and even the capital of their country had -fallen into the hands of the allied powers, who had -removed the tyrant of Europe, the perfidious -Emperor Napoleon, from his throne, and sent him<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span> -into exile, and had restored the Bourbon dynasty. -Thus tranquillity was restored in Christendom -under circumstances which warranted the anticipation -of a long period of peace and prosperity to -the nations of Europe. The strength of the -British army was consequently diminished, and the -establishment of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> -was reduced to eight troops, and the total to 545 -men and 453 horses.</p> - -<p>Soon after this reduction had been made in its -numbers, the regiment was ordered to proceed to -Ireland; it embarked at Port Patrick in the -middle of August, and after landing at Donaghadee, -it occupied Belturbet, Longford, Enniskillen, -Sligo and Mullingar.</p> - -<p>Lieut.-General Miles Staveley, who had held the -Colonelcy of the regiment upwards of eleven years, -died in September, 1814; and was succeeded by -Lieut.-General Sir Henry Fane, G.C.B., by commission -dated the 3rd of the following month.</p> - -<p>A slight alteration was this year made in the -uniform: the bars of white lace across the breast -were discontinued, and two broad stripes of white -lace with a blue worm were placed down the front -of the coat and upon the cuffs; the jacked-leather -boots were also replaced by others of a lighter -description called Hessian boots;—the white plush -breeches, by white web pantaloons; and a blue -and white girdle (or sash) was adopted for the -men.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1815</div> - -<p>The anticipations of a lengthened peace vanished -in the spring of 1815, and the long-wished for -repose of Europe was disturbed by Bonaparte, -who violated the conditions of his treaties and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span> -engagements, quitted the island of Elba, and once -more trod the soil of France. His former associates -in war flocked to his banner; his advance -was rapid and decisive; Louis XVIII. was forced -to vacate his newly-acquired throne and fly to the -Netherlands; and the edicts of Napoleon were -again issued from the Tuilleries. He was now -singly opposed to nearly the whole of Europe; -and, with the hardihood of desperation, he braved -the resentment of the united powers. The <span class="smcap">Royal -Irish Dragoon Guards</span> were not fortunate -enough to be again called on foreign service: but, -every power in Christendom increasing the -strength of its armies, the establishment of this -regiment was augmented ten men per troop, and -subsequently a further addition of 48 men and 128 -horses was made to its numbers.</p> - -<p>The battle of Waterloo disposed of Bonaparte -and his legions, and a few days of contest sufficed to -re-establish the tranquillity of Europe. The peace -then restored has continued, with the exception of -commotions in particular kingdoms, to shed its -benign influence over Christendom for a longer -period than on any former occasion during the two -preceding centuries; and knowledge, refinement, -arts, and manufactures have advanced to a state -beyond that to which they ever previously -attained.</p> - -<p>The head-quarters of the regiment were removed -from Belturbet to Tullamore in April, -1815; and various changes took place in the -stations of the detached troops<a name="FNanchor_22_22" id="FNanchor_22_22"></a><a href="#Footnote_22_22" class="fnanchor">[22]</a>.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p> - -<div class="sidenote">1816</div> - -<p>The peace of Europe having been re-established, -the strength of the regular army was reduced, and -in August, 1816, the numbers of the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span> were decreased to 493 men -and 333 horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1817</div> - -<p>In February, 1817, the head-quarters of the -regiment were removed to Dublin, and detachments -were stationed at Tullamore, Longford, -Kavan, Philipstown, and five other places.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1818</div> - -<p>The regiment assembled at Dublin in June, -1818, and having embarked for England, landed -at Bristol in the early part of July, and occupied -Radipole barracks, with two troops at Bristol, and -one at Taunton; and furnished a strong detachment -on revenue duty on the coast. In the autumn the -head-quarters were removed to Nottingham, and -the detached troops occupied Northampton and -Leicester. The regiment was inspected at this -station by Major-General Bolton, in October; -and again in May of the following year. In -December, 1818, the establishment was reduced -to 405 men and 273 horses.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1819</div> - -<p>A change of quarters took place in June and -July, 1819, and the regiment was stationed at -York, Sheffield, Leeds, and Huddersfield. In the -middle of August five troops were employed in -suppressing riots at Leeds; and in September one -troop proceeded to Durham, in consequence of -some commotions among the people of that city.</p> - -<p>A further alteration was made in the uniform -this year: the coats were made with long skirts, -with four bars of white lace with a blue worm -upon the sleeves, two bars on each side of the -collar; and four bars, two rows in each bar, across -the breast. The colour of the cloth overalls was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> -changed to blue-grey, with a blue stripe down the -outside of the leg. The officers wore aiguillettes -on the right shoulder, and a stripe of silver lace on -their overalls.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1820</div> - -<p>The decease of His Majesty King George III. -having taken place on the 29th of January, 1820, -on the 31st of that month the troops of the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span> at head-quarters attended the -Lord Mayor, corporation, and societies of the city -of York in solemn procession, while making proclamation -of the accession of King George IV.; -and on the 8th of February, 1820, they marched in -procession at 8 o'clock, <span class="fs70">P.M.</span>, in funeral order to -York minster, where a solemn dirge and funeral -service was performed on the death of King -George III.</p> - -<p>On the 11th of April three troops marched from -York to assist the civil power in suppressing some -serious disturbances which had occurred in the -neighbourhood of Wakefield. A collision afterwards -took place with the rioters near Sheffield, -when one sergeant, one private, and two horses -were wounded with pikes, many of which were -found in possession of the people.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1821</div> - -<p>Another change of quarters took place in -August of this year, and the regiment was -stationed at Newcastle upon Tyne, Carlisle, Penrith, -and Whitehaven; and in October it was -inspected by Major-General Sir Andrew Barnard, -at Newcastle. In March, 1821, it marched to -Scotland, and was stationed at Piershill barracks, -Edinburgh, Greenock, Irvine, and Ayr. On the -6th of June it was inspected by Major-General -Sir Thomas Bradford; and, in August, the esta<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span>blishment -was reduced to six troops. Previous to -this date the troops were classed according to the -colour of the horses, and the regiment consisted -of two black troops, two brown, two bay, one bright -bay, and one chestnut; when this reduction was -ordered, the horses of one of the black troops, and -of the chestnut troop, were transferred to the -others; the horses thus became mixed, and they -have since been trooped without reference to colour. -The reduced establishment was 27 officers, 24 -serjeants, 18 corporals, 6 trumpeters, 6 farriers, -281 privates and 253 troop horses. In September -the regiment was again inspected by Major-General -Sir Thomas Bradford; and in a few days -afterwards the head-quarters were removed to -Glasgow, where five troops were stationed, and one -troop was quartered at Hamilton.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1822</div> - -<p>On the 10th of June, 1822, Major-General Sir -Thomas Bradford again inspected the regiment, -and expressed in strong terms his approbation of -its appearance and discipline on this and the -former occasion when he had seen the corps.</p> - -<p>In July the regiment marched to Port Patrick, -where it embarked for Ireland; and after landing -at Donaghadee, the head-quarters were established -at Dundalk, and detachments were stationed at -Belturbet, Monaghan, Enniskillen, &c.: on the -23rd of October it was inspected by Major-General -Egerton. An alteration was this year made in -the shape of the helmet; and a large bear-skin -crest was adopted.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1823</div> - -<p>The regiment marched from the northern district -in June, 1823, for Dublin, where it was reviewed -on the 12th of that month by Major-General<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span> -Sir Colquhoun Grant, by whom its appearance and -discipline were commended. In a few days after -this review it was removed to Newbridge, and was -again inspected by the same officer in November -following.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1824<br />1825</div> - -<p>In June, 1824, the regiment marched to the royal -barracks at Dublin, where it was inspected by -Major-General Sir Colquhoun Grant on the 12th -of July; and again on the 14th of May, 1825. -In June it marched to Cahir, Limerick, Clogheen, -and New Ross; and on the 20th of October it -was inspected by Major-General Sir Charles -Doyle.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1826</div> - -<p>From these quarters the regiment was withdrawn -in March, 1826, and proceeding to Dublin, -was there once more inspected by Sir Colquhoun -Grant, and afterwards embarked for Liverpool, -where it landed on the 29th of March. On the -31st it marched for Coventry, Birmingham, and -Abergavenny; and in July was inspected by -Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian.</p> - -<p>In consequence of serious riots having taken -place at Dudley and Wolverhampton, two troops -marched to these places in the beginning of August. -Serious disturbances also occurred at Lichfield -during the election in the early part of September, -and much mischief would have been done, but -was prevented by the timely arrival of a troop of -the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> from Birmingham. -The troops were obliged to act against the people -on several occasions, and a few persons were -wounded.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1827</div> - -<p>On the 8th of January, 1827, this regiment, in -common with the other corps of the army, testified,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span> -by articles of mourning, the general grief on account -of the death of His Royal Highness the Duke -of York, the Commander-in-Chief of the army. -The decease of His Royal Highness occurred on -the 7th of January, and the whole army had to -deplore the loss of a Prince who had justly obtained -the appellation of "The Soldiers' friend." He -was succeeded in the command of the army by the -Duke of Wellington.</p> - -<p>After the decease of Lieutenant-General Cartwright, -Lieutenant-General Sir Henry Fane, -G.C.B., was removed to the First Dragoon Guards, -and was succeeded in the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span> by Lieutenant-General -Sir George Anson, G.C.B., by commission -dated the 27th of February, 1827.</p> - -<p>In April of this year the regiment marched to -Dorchester, and occupied also Christchurch, Trowbridge, -and Dursley; and was inspected on the -29th of April by Major-General Sir Hussey -Vivian.</p> - -<p>In consequence of the Dorchester barracks requiring -repairs, two troops and the head-quarters -marched to Weymouth on the 1st of June. On -the 12th of July, Her Royal Highness the Duchess -of Clarence (afterwards Queen Adelaide) arrived -at Weymouth, and the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> had the honour of escorting Her Royal -Highness into the town, and of mounting a guard -of honour where she alighted. Her Royal Highness -left Weymouth on the following day with a -similar escort. The regiment had also the honour -of furnishing an escort for, and of receiving, the -Duke of Clarence (afterwards King William IV.)<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span> -when His Royal Highness passed through Dorchester.</p> - -<p>On the 20th of August the regiment was again -inspected by Major-General Sir Hussey Vivian; -and in October the head-quarters returned to Dorchester. -In December, it furnished an escort and -a guard of honour for His Royal Highness Don -Miguel of Portugal on his visiting Dorchester.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1828</div> - -<p>The lace across the breast of the coats was this -year discontinued, the coats were made to button -in front without lace, and the skirts lengthened: -four bars of lace were worn on the sleeve, and the -facing was directed to be a blue velvet. The -officers were ordered to wear two silver epaulettes -and an aiguillette; and the men brass scales on the -shoulders. At the same time the men's girdles -were discontinued, but the officers continued to -wear a crimson and gold sash with long pendent -tassels. In the following spring the colour of the -overalls was changed to dark blue, with a broad -stripe of silver lace for the officers, and of white -lace for the men. A blue great coat was also introduced -for the officers; and horse furniture<a name="FNanchor_23_23" id="FNanchor_23_23"></a><a href="#Footnote_23_23" class="fnanchor">[23]</a> of -dark blue cloth with a double row of broad silver -lace, with the King's cypher, crown, and the star -of St. Patrick on each corner: and a black bearskin -flounce.</p> - -<p>Sir Hussey Vivian inspected the regiment on -the 13th of April, and repeated the expressions of -approbation he had invariably used on former occasions, -of its appearance and discipline. In May -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span>its quarters were changed to Exeter and Topsham -barracks, with one troop at Dursley, and Sir Hussey -Vivian made the autumnal half-yearly inspection -on the 25th of August. During the summer the -regiment had again the honour of furnishing travelling -escorts for the Duchess of Clarence; and in -September for Her Majesty the Queen of Portugal.</p> - -<p>Gauntlet gloves were originally part of the -equipment of every cavalry soldier; but were replaced -by short gloves in the early part of the reign -of George III.; and in December of this year the -short leather gloves were laid aside and gauntlets -again adopted.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1829<br />1830</div> - -<p>The regiment marched from its quarters in -Devonshire and Gloucestershire in April, 1829, for -the north of England, and occupied York, with -detached troops at Beverley and Newcastle upon -Tyne. In September, Sir Hussey Vivian again -inspected the regiment; and in April, 1830, it -marched for Scotland, and occupied quarters at -Piershill barracks, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and Perth. -It was inspected on the 31st of May by Major-General -Sir Robert O'Callaghan, K.C.B.; and on -the 26th of June it was formed, with the remainder -of the garrison, at the mound of Edinburgh Castle -and fired a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">feu-de-joie</i>, in consequence of the accession -of His Majesty King William IV. to the -throne.</p> - -<p>Soon after His Majesty's accession orders were -given for all the army, excepting the Royal Horse -Guards, to wear <em>scarlet</em>; also for all the regular -forces to wear <em>gold</em> lace and embroidery, and the -militia silver. The lace and embroidery of the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, which had been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span> -silver from the period of its formation, were at -this period changed to <span class="smcap">Gold</span>.</p> - -<p>On the 27th of October the regiment was inspected -by Major-General the Honourable Patrick -Stewart, who expressed himself in terms of approbation -of its appearance and discipline.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1831</div> - -<p>In April and May of the following year the troops -performed several marches and much extra duty in -consequence of the riotous conduct of the people -at the elections. Escorts were required for the -voters, and so violent were the rioters, that one man -was killed by a brick while proceeding to vote in -charge of a party of the military. Many of the -soldiers were knocked off their horses with stones, -and others had their helmets broken; yet such was -the exemplary patience and forbearance of the -soldiers of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, under -these painful and trying circumstances, that not a -single civilian was hurt by them during the whole -period. During the riots at Ayr the prisoners in -the gaol rose against the turnkeys, whom they overpowered; -but a few men of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> arriving, they dismounted, entered the -gaol with loaded carbines, secured the prisoners -before they could effect their escape, and restored -order.</p> - -<p>The usual half-yearly inspection was made by -Major-General Hon. Patrick Stuart on the 16th of -June; and on the 8th of September the regiment, -with the garrison at Edinburgh, assembled and -fired a <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">feu-de-joie</i>, on the occasion of the coronation -of King William IV. and Queen Adelaide.</p> - -<p>A change of quarters took place towards the -end of September, and the regiment was stationed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span> -at Glasgow, Hamilton, and Haddington. It was -inspected by Major-General Sir Charles Dalbiac, -K.C.H., on the 29th of September; and its present -commanding officer, Lieutenant-Colonel James -Charles Chatterton was appointed to the regiment -on the 9th of December, in succession to Lieut.-Colonel -Ross, who exchanged to the half-pay.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1832</div> - -<p>In March, 1832, one troop of the regiment -marched to Paisley to aid the civil power in suppressing -the riots which had occurred in that town. -On the 4th of April, the half-yearly inspection -was made by Major-General the Honourable Patrick -Stewart, and the regiment being on the eve -of its departure for Ireland, the Major-General -issued the following order.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p1 right fs80">'<em>Glasgow, April, 1832.</em></p> - -<p class="in2 smcap">'General Order.</p> - -<p>'On the departure of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon -Guards</span> for Ireland, Major-General Stewart -takes the opportunity of expressing to the regiment -the great satisfaction its conduct has given -him during the period of upwards of a year and -a half that it has been under his command, and -during that time frequently under very trying -circumstances, when upon all occasions it has -evinced that steadiness, temper, and coolness, the -certain results of the high state of discipline -which the regiment has so eminently maintained.</p> - -<p>'The Major-General requests that Lieutenant-Colonel -Chatterton, the officers and men of the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>, will accept his best -wishes for their future prosperity and welfare.</p> - -<p class="right padr4">'By Order of the Major-General,</p> -<p class="right padr2">'<span class="smcap">P. Edwards</span>, Major and A.D.C.'</p> -<p class="p1" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p> - -<p>The regiment embarked at Glasgow in steam-vessels -for Belfast, and, after landing, occupied quarters -at Dundalk, Belturbet, Ballyshannon, and -Monaghan. On the 11th of May Major-General -Macdonell made the usual half-yearly inspection.</p> - -<p>During the summer and autumn of this year, -the election riots, and other disturbances which -occurred in Ireland, occasioned the regiment much -harassing duty, detachments being almost constantly -on the march to aid the civil power.</p> - -<p>On the 20th of September Lieut.-General Sir -Hussey Vivian inspected the regiment, and complimented -the officers and men very highly on -their appearance after the harassing duties they -had lately performed. On the 7th of October the -regiment was again inspected by Major-General -Macdonell.</p> - -<p>Ireland continued in a disturbed state, and -during the autumn and winter the regiment was -employed in most fatiguing and painful services. -In one month the regiment furnished fifty-one -parties to assist the civil power in making tithe-collections, -quelling riots at fairs, dispersing illegal -meetings, or suppressing election riots; and each -of these parties was under the command of one or -more officers.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1833</div> - -<p>In the spring of 1833 the head-quarters were -removed to Cahir, and the regiment occupied also -Limerick, Clonmell, and Carrick-on-Suir; and on -the 16th of April Lieut.-Colonel Chatterton had -the satisfaction to receive a letter from Major-General -Macdonell, expressing 'his perfect approbation -of the exemplary and excellent conduct of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span> -the regiment during its service in the northern -district.'</p> - -<p>The half-yearly inspection was made by Major-General -Sir James Douglas in the beginning of -June. In September a squadron was employed -in suppressing the riots at Cahir races, where two -violent parties attacked each other, and the Dragoon -Guards separated the combatants; but unfortunately -several lives had been lost, and many of -the peasantry dangerously wounded.</p> - -<p>On the departure of the Marquis of Anglesey -from Ireland the following order was issued.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p1 right fs80 padr2">'<em>Adjutant-General's Office</em>,</p> -<p class="right fs80">'<em>26th September, 1833</em>.</p> - -<p class="in2 smcap">'General Order.</p> - -<p>'Lieut.-General Sir Hussey Vivian has the -greatest satisfaction in publishing to the troops in -Ireland the accompanying expression of the -Lord Lieutenant's approbation of their conduct -and services, on the occasion of his Excellency's -departure from this country.</p> - -<p>'<span class="smcap">The Lord Lieutenant</span> cannot quit these -shores without reiterating to the army of Ireland -the high sense he entertains of its admirable and -truly soldier-like conduct.</p> - -<p>'To the Lieut.-General commanding the forces -he need hardly express his approbation and -esteem, a feeling won for him by forty years' -knowledge of his excellent qualities as a soldier -and a man.</p> - -<p>'Of the zeal, intelligence, and assiduity of the -general officers and staff of the army he cannot<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span> -speak in terms of too high praise. He desires -that the officers, non-commissioned officers, and -soldiers, as well of the army now present, as of -those corps which have served here during the -government of the Lord Lieutenant, will be -assured he feels he cannot too highly appreciate -and applaud their excellent conduct.</p> - -<p>'Their patience, firmness, and forbearance -(under circumstances that it may reasonably be -hoped will never occur again), while they have -salutarily supported the administration of the -laws, have, with their mild demeanour, won the -approbation and applause of all parties.</p> - -<p class="right">(Signed) <span class="pad2"> </span>'<span class="smcap">Anglesey.</span></p> -<p class="fs80">'<em>Phœnix Park, 25th September, 1833.</em></p> -<p class="noindent">'By command of the Lieut.-General Commanding,</p> -<p class="right">'<span class="smcap">George D'Aguilar</span>, D.A.G.'</p> -<p class="p1" /> -</div> - -<p>Major-General Sir James Douglas inspected -the regiment on the 11th of October.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1834</div> - -<p>On the 27th of April, 1834, the following -gratifying address was presented to Lieut.-Colonel -Chatterton, K.H., and the assembled Officers of -the regiment, by James Archer Butler, Esq., -attended by a large deputation of the gentlemen -of the town and neighbourhood of Cahir.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>'At a meeting of the inhabitants of the town -and neighbourhood of <span class="smcap">Cahir</span>, held at Cahir -Castle Hotel on the 27th of April, 1834; James -Archer Butler, Esq., in the Chair, the following -address to Lieut.-Colonel Chatterton, K.H., the -officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates -of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span>, was unanimously agreed to.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span></p> - -<p>'Whilst we consider your departure from -Cahir barracks with unfeigned regret, permit us -to express our high admiration of the gentlemanly -and soldier-like conduct of every officer in -your gallant corps. Of the non-commissioned -officers and privates we feel the utmost pleasure -in bearing testimony to their orderly conduct, -evidently the result of inclination as well as of -the high state of discipline, and the good feeling -which so happily subsisted between them and the -inhabitants of every class during their stay in -these quarters.</p> - -<p>'When we recollect the unexampled exertion -of yourself and the officers to promote the amusement -and good fellowship of this neighbourhood -(which it fell to the lot of most of us to enjoy), it -is but natural that your removal should cause -pain and sorrow; but we have the consoling hope -that events may occur to cause your speedy -return to these barracks.</p> - -<p>'In taking leave of you, Lieut.-Colonel Chatterton, -the officers, non-commissioned officers, and -men of the truly distinguished <span class="smcap">Fourth Royal -Irish Dragoon Guards</span>, we wish you, in the -sincerity of our hearts, every happiness and prosperity.</p> - -<p class="right padr6">(Signed)</p> -<p class="right">'<span class="smcap">James Archer Butler</span>, Chairman.</p> -<p class="fs80">'<em>To Lieut.-Colonel Chatterton, K.H.,<br /> -<span class="pad4"> </span>&c. &c. &c.</em>'</p> -<p class="p1" /> -</div> - -<p>The regiment marched from Cahir and the out-stations -on the 28th and 29th of April, and proceeded -to Cork, where the head-quarters were -established with detached parties at Ballincorrig<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span> -and Buttevant; and on the 4th of May a communication -was received from Major-General Sir -James Douglas, K.C.B., expressing his 'perfect -satisfaction at the conduct and high state of discipline -of the regiment whilst under his orders in -the South-western district.'</p> - -<p>On the 23rd and 24th of May, the regiment was -inspected by Major-General Sir Thomas Arbuthnot, -K.C.B., and again, by the same officer, -on the 22nd of October; also by Lieut.-General -Sir Hussey Vivian, K.C.B., on the 3rd of the -latter month.</p> - -<p>The lawless resistance of the peasantry to the -collection of tithes gave rise to additional duty -during the autumn and winter of this year; and -their violent conduct brought on collisions, which -had the painful result of producing loss of life. -Several persons were wounded at Ballincorrig on -the 18th of December. On the 20th a large and -tumultuous assembly of the peasantry at Gortroe, -near Rathcormac, showed much obstinacy and -lawless violence, attacking the military with sticks -and stones, and were fired upon, when ten were -killed and several wounded. The greatest excitement -prevailed, and the military were obliged to -assemble again on the 21st of December, and for -several days afterwards.</p> - -<p>This year a new-pattern brass helmet with bear -skin crest was adopted, and the trumpeters' clothing -was directed to be Scarlet, distinguished by lace.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1835</div> - -<p>The elections which took place in January, -1835, occasioned the regiment much extra duty -and many harassing marches; and its conduct, with<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span> -that of the other regiments in Ireland, elicited the -following communications.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p1 center fs90">'DISTRICT MEMORANDUM.</p> - -<p class="right fs80 padr2">'<em>Adjutant-General's Office</em>,</p> -<p class="right fs80">'<em>Cork, 30th January, 1835</em>.</p> - -<p>'The Major-General is most happy to notify to -the commandants of corps, that it appears from -communications which he has received from the -magistrates of this district, that the conduct of -the detachments called out in aid of the civil -power during the late elections, was, without exception, -<em>remarkably good</em>. That the troops, to -their praise be it said, never entered into party -spirit on one side or the other, and that they -never were employed except to protect the voters, -and acting under the magistrates for the preservation -of the peace.</p> - -<p class="right padr2">(Signed) <span class="pad2"> </span> '<span class="smcap">Charles Turner</span>,</p> -<p class="right">'Asst. Adjutant General.'</p> -</div> - - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p2 right fs80 padr2">'<em>Adjutant-General's Office</em>,</p> -<p class="right fs80">'<em>Dublin, 30th January, 1835</em>.</p> - -<p class="in2 smcap">'General Order.</p> - -<p>'Lieut.-General Sir Hussey Vivian experiences -the greatest gratification in communicating to the -troops serving in Ireland the subjoined letter, -received from His Excellency the Lord-Lieutenant, -expressive of His Excellency's approbation -of their conduct during the late elections.</p> - -<p>'To a testimony so valuable, and emanating -from so high a quarter, the Lieut.-General feels -that any addition on his part must be quite unnecessary; -but he cannot refuse himself the satisfaction -of uniting with it his own individual<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span> -acknowledgments to the general officers and men -serving under his orders, and of congratulating -them on the possession of a tribute so honourable -to themselves, and so calculated to confirm their -zeal in the service of their King and Country.'</p> - -<p class="right">'By command of the Lieut.-General commanding,</p> -<p class="right">(Signed) <span class="pad2"> </span> '<span class="smcap">G. D'Aguilar, D.A.G.</span>'</p> -</div> - - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p class="p2 right fs80">'<em>Dublin, 30th January, 1835.</em></p> - -<p>'Sir,—The elections being now over, and the -service on which so many of the troops under -your command have been for some weeks past -engaged being now nearly at an end, I feel -myself called upon to express to you the high -sense I entertain of the admirable conduct of -both officers and men, while employed in the -performance of a duty in its very nature harassing -and unpleasant.</p> - -<p>'According to all the reports which have been -under my cognizance, nothing could have exceeded -their coolness, patience, and forbearance.</p> - -<p>'Their presence in aid of the police and civil -power (whose conduct is also above all praise) -generally insured the peace, where, but for their -the few occasions on which they were called upon -to act, they did so, strictly, in self-defence, and -not till they had been themselves assailed, and in -many instances severely injured.</p> - -<p>'I have to beg you will convey to them my best -acknowledgments, and the assurance that I will, -without loss of time, lay before His Majesty -their claims to His Royal approbation.</p> - -<p>'I cannot conclude this letter without offering<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span> -you my best thanks for the readiness with which -you have attended to every call made upon you, -for your judicious arrangements of the force -under your command, and for the zeal, promptitude, -and ability by which your conduct has -been distinguished.</p> - -<p>'The same thanks are due to the general commanding -the garrison of Dublin, and to the general -and superior officers in the different military -divisions, for the able manner in which their duty -was performed, whether in giving orders upon -the spot when called upon by the civil power for -protection, or in obeying the orders they received -from head-quarters.</p> - -<p class="right padr6">'I am, &c.,</p> -<p class="right">(Signed) <span class="pad4"> </span> '<span class="smcap">Haddington</span>.</p> - -<p class="noindent fs80">'<em>To Lieut.-General the Right Honourable</em></p> -<p class="in2 fs80">'<em>Sir Hussey Vivian, &c. &c. &c.</em>'</p> -<p class="p1" /> -</div> - -<p>The regiment having completed three years' -service in Ireland, embarked at Cork on board of -steam-vessels in May, 1835, for Bristol, from -whence it marched to Brighton, with detached -troops at Canterbury, Chichester, and Horsham; -and relieved the Grenadier Guards in the duty at -the Royal Pavilion.</p> - -<p>In July the regiment was inspected by Major-General -Sir Charles Dalbiac, who expressed himself -much pleased with its steadiness and discipline; -and on the 10th of August it was inspected -by Lieut.-General Lord Hill, the General Commanding-in-Chief, -who was pleased to direct Lieut.-Colonel -Chatterton to issue an order, stating that -'the appearance of the men and horses, and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span> -discipline and interior economy of the regiment -were such as to merit his fullest approbation; and -that the squadron he had lately inspected at -Canterbury was also in the most perfect order.'</p> - -<p>A riotous assemblage of people having taken -place at Steyning in opposition to the poor-laws, -one troop marched thither on the 11th of September, -and its timely arrival rescued the magistrates -and relieving officer from a situation of very great -danger. A troop also marched to Horsham for a -similar purpose on the 15th of September; and -another troop from Canterbury to Bath on the 20th -of October.</p> - -<p>The Colonel of the <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> -Lieut.-General Sir George Anson, G.C.B., inspected -the regiment on the 26th of October, and -directed the following paragraph to be inserted in -the orderly books.</p> - -<p>'Lieut.-General Sir George Anson has the -greatest satisfaction in expressing his entire -approbation of the general appearance of his -regiment, and of the zeal and attention manifested -by all ranks to good order and discipline.'</p> - -<p>Their Majesties King William IV. and Queen -Adelaide having arrived at the Royal Pavilion, the -<span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span> had the honour of -being on the King's duty for the first time since -the reign of William III. His Majesty heard the -records of the regiment read in the early part of -November, and expressed great interest and gratification -at hearing their contents.</p> - -<p>In December a detachment of the regiment was -employed in aiding the civil power at Horsham; -and a letter of thanks was received from the Duke<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span> -of Richmond and magistrates assembled at that -town, 'for the conduct of the detachment of the -regiment there when called upon to assist the -civil power, as well as for their excellent behaviour -since quartered in that town.'</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1836</div> - -<p>On the 17th of December Colonel Lord Frederic -Fitz-Clarence, with a number of noblemen and -general officers from the Pavilion, saw the regiment; -and on the 27th of January, 1836, it was -inspected by His Serene Highness Prince Ernest -of Hesse Phillipstal, who was pleased to say to -Lieutenant-Colonel Chatterton—'I have heard -from every quarter the greatest praise of your -regiment, but what I have seen has surpassed -my utmost expectation, and I shall not fail to -mention to His Majesty the pleasure I have experienced -in seeing so fine a corps.' His Majesty -was afterwards pleased to express his royal satisfaction -at what Prince Ernest had reported; and -also his approbation, and that of the Queen, at the -excellent performance of the band at all times when -playing at the Pavilion; and at the good conduct -of the regiment during their Majesties' sojourn at -Brighton.</p> - -<p>A change of quarters took place in May, and -the regiment was stationed at Dorchester, Trowbridge, -and Weymouth, and was inspected on the -11th and 12th of July by Major-General Sir -Charles Dalbiac.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1837</div> - -<p>During the following summer the regiment -marched for Manchester, and was stationed at -Hulme barracks; and on the 29th of May took -part in a grand procession and spectacle at Manchester -in honour of His Majesty's birth-day.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p> - -<p>The decease of King William IV. having -taken place on the 20th of June, the <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span>, 48th regiment, and artillery, -took part in a grand procession on the 23rd of that -month, at Manchester, on the occasion of the proclamation -of the accession of <span class="smcap">Her Majesty Queen -Victoria</span> to the throne. On the following day -the regiment assumed the usual mourning for His -late Majesty.</p> - -<p>In July the regiment marched out of Manchester, -during the election, and on two or three -occasions the troops were called upon to assist the -civil power at Salford, and also at Prescot; and on -the 26th of July a subaltern and 20 men marched -to Bury on a similar duty. On the 9th of August -the regiment returned to Hulme barracks, and -on the 10th and 11th was inspected by Major-General -Sir Charles Dalbiac.</p> - -<p>After the termination of the elections the following -communication from Lord John Russell to -the general commanding-in-chief was communicated -to the regiment by Major-General Sir Richard -Jackson.</p> - -<div class="blockquot"> - -<p>'My Lord,</p> - -<p>'I have received the Queen's commands to -signify to your Lordship Her Majesty's entire approval -of the conduct of the military employed -during the elections in England and Wales, -where their assistance has been called for by the -magistrates for the preservation of the public -peace; and to desire your Lordship will communicate -to the military, whose services have been -so required, Her Majesty's gracious approval of -their conduct.'</p></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p> - -<p>On the 4th of October Major-General Sir -Richard Jackson, K.C.B., inspected the regiment. -In December detachments were employed in supporting -the civil power at Halifax and Bradford -against persons resisting the poor-laws.</p> - -<div class="sidenote">1838</div> - -<p>The regiment took part, with the royal artillery, -98th foot, and magistrates, clergy, &c., in a -solemn procession in honour of Her Majesty's -birth-day at Manchester on the 17th of May. -During the following month it marched to the -vicinity of London, and was quartered at Islington -and Clerkenwell; and on the 28th of June two -squadrons occupied stations near Westminster -Abbey during the ceremonial of Her Majesty's -coronation.</p> - -<p>On the 8th of July the regiment took the -Queen's Guard at the Horse Guards; and on the -following day furnished two squadrons to keep -the ground in Hyde Park during the time the -Household Cavalry Brigade, Tenth Royal Hussars, -Twelfth Royal Lancers, three troops of Royal -Horse Artillery, three batteries of Field Artillery, -four battalions of Foot Guards, and two battalions -of the Rifle Brigade, commanded by General the -Marquis of Anglesea, K.G. and G.C.B., were reviewed -by Her Majesty. A letter was afterwards -received from Lieutenant-General Sir Willoughby -Gordon, G.C.B., Quartermaster-General, expressive -of his 'perfect satisfaction at the very attentive -and soldierlike conduct of, and the great -assistance afforded by, the detachment of the regiment, -whilst keeping the ground in Hyde Park.'</p> - -<p>After the review, the regiment marched to -Ipswich and Norwich, where it was inspected by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> -Major-General Sir Charles Dalbiac, K.C.H., on -the 23rd of July: the regiment had not been stationed -in the county of Suffolk since the year 1688.</p> - -<p>Her Majesty Queen Victoria was graciously -pleased to approve of this regiment bearing on -its standards and appointments the <em>Harp</em> and -<em>Crown</em>, in addition to the <em>Star</em> of the most illustrious -<em>Order of St. Patrick</em>, with the motto <i lang="la" xml:lang="la">Quis -separabit?</i> as a national badge connected with its -title of "<span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span>."</p> - -<p>On the 24th September a detachment of the -regiment marched from Norwich to Stanfield Hall, -where its presence was required to assist the civil -power in securing some persons who were illegally -assembled, and who bade defiance to the magistrates. -After some resistance the rioters were -secured, and eighty-four of them lodged in Norwich -Jail. The Magistrates transmitted to the -General Commanding in Chief a letter, explanatory -of the circumstances which had occasioned -them to call for the aid of the troops, and expressive -of their thanks for the promptitude with which -assistance was granted, as well as for the steadiness -and good conduct of the detachment, and for -the valuable aid afforded by the officers and soldiers.</p> - -<p>The Fourth Dragoon Guards, under a well-regulated -system of discipline and the direction of -intelligent officers, in whom the men have confidence, -have evinced their usefulness to the country -by their firm and temperate conduct on home -duty, as well as by their bravery in the field when -called upon to combat a foreign enemy. Instances -frequently occur, in which the magistrates call for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span> -the aid of the military, without whose co-operation -the civil police would sometimes be unequal to -repress and control the violence of a lawless mob. -On these occasions, the conduct of the troops has -been such as to draw forth the commendations and -thanks of the civil authorities, which have been -communicated to the General Commanding in -Chief, and by his authority signified in orders to -the troops who have been so employed, and whose -conduct has merited such commendations.</p> - - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Captain Charles Nedby commanded a troop in the Duke of -Monmouth's regiment of horse, which was raised in 1678, in the -expectation of a war with France, and was disbanded in the following -year. In 1680 he raised an independent troop of horse for -service at Tangier in Africa, and proceeding thither immediately, -distinguished himself in an action with the Moors, on 27th of -September, 1680. In 1683 the four troops of Tangier horse were -constituted, together with two troops raised in England, the -Royal Regiment of Dragoons. Captain Nedby continued in the -Royal Dragoons until June, 1685, when he raised a troop of horse -for the Queen's Regiment, now 1st Dragoon Guards; and in -July of the same year he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of -the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran's</span> Regiment.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> According to the estimates of this period, the following -sums were usually paid for the clothing of the horse:—</p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary="Uniform costs"> -<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr">£</td><td class="tdr"><em>s.</em></td><td class="tdr"><em>d.</em></td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Scarlet coats</td><td class="tdr">3</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Corporal's ditto</td><td class="tdr">4</td><td class="tdr">10</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Red cloaks, lined</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Hats edged with lace</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">15</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Sword and belts</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Carbine belts</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">7</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Cloth waistcoats</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">5</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Buff gloves</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">7</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Horse furniture,—viz.: housing and holster-caps, embroidered</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">5</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Jacked boots</td><td class="tdr">1</td><td class="tdr">6</td><td class="tdr">0</td></tr> -<tr><td class="tdl">Cartouch boxes</td><td class="tdr">0</td><td class="tdr">2</td><td class="tdr">6</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p>Each Captain clothed his own trumpeter, and the Colonel the -kettle-drummer.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> The Fifth Horse were embodied in July, 1685, under the -command of the Earl of Thanet, who was succeeded, on the 24th -of October of the same year, by Major-General Werden. This -officer commanded the regiment until December, 1688, when -Lord Deloraine was appointed to the command; his Lordship was -succeeded in the following year by Colonel Francis Russell, who -commanded it until it was disbanded.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> Lord Mountjoy was a warm-hearted Irish nobleman, devoted -to the Protestant interest. At the Revolution he was desirous -of having Ireland delivered into the hands of King William; -the Lord-Lieutenant, Earl Tyrconnel, appeared to acquiesce, and -sent Lord Mountjoy to France to obtain the sanction of King -James, who confined him in the Bastile, where he remained -until 1692, when he was exchanged for General Richard -Hamilton. He arrived from France a few days before the battle -of Steenkirk, and though holding no military rank, he served -with this regiment as a volunteer, and was killed as above stated.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> The Princess Anne's regiment was formed of independent -troops of horse raised in June, 1685, and the Colonelcy conferred -on the Earl of Scarsdale, who was succeeded, on the 1st of December, -1687, by Charles, Duke of St. Alban's. This regiment -was remarkable for being one of the first corps which joined the -Prince of Orange in November, 1688; having been conducted to -His Highness's quarters by the Lieutenant-Colonel, Thomas -Langston, who was immediately promoted to the Colonelcy of the -regiment, and his brother, Captain Francis Langston, of the Royal -Dragoons, was promoted to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy. Colonel -Thomas Langston died of a fever at Lisburn, in Ireland, in December, -1689, and the Colonelcy of the regiment was conferred -on his brother Francis. This regiment served at the battles of -the Boyne and Aghrim in Ireland, and at Steenkirk in the Netherlands; -but having lost many men and horses, the remainder -were transferred to other corps, and the regiment was taken off -the establishment of the army in the autumn of 1692. The officers -served <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">en seconde</i> until vacancies occurred in other regiments.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> When the regimental record was read to King William IV. -in November, 1835, at the Royal Pavilion, Brighton, His Majesty -observed—'I was often at the house where the peace of Ryswick -was signed. It was then the property of the Earl of Athlone, -but now belongs to the Duchess of Saxe-Meiningen, sister to -her Majesty the Queen.'</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> Official Records in Ireland.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> While the regiment was on Dublin duty the following curious -order was received.</p> - -<p class="right">'<em>Dublin, 31st January, 1764.</em></p> - -<p>'Lieutenant-General Fowkes recommends to the officers of the -garrison that they would not play at the castle whilst on duty; -and that the officers of the Horse Guards will avoid mixing with -the ladies in the drawing-room, on account of the inconveniency -of spurs to the ladies' hoop petticoats.</p> - -<p class="right">(Signed) <span class="pad2"> </span> '<span class="smcap">D. Grant</span>, Captain 52nd Reg.,<br /> -for the Major of Brigade.'</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_15_15" id="Footnote_15_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> It has been stated that the troop-horses' tails were first -docked in 1698; but the practice did not become general until -ten years afterwards.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_16_16" id="Footnote_16_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> See the Royal Warrant of the 19th December, 1768.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_17_17" id="Footnote_17_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> Previous to reviews at this period a set of movements were -fixed on by the Lord-Lieutenant, and ordered to be performed in -his presence; the movements of the First Horse on this occasion -were:—Salute—march past by squadrons—ditto by fours—dismount—manual -exercise—march past by divisions—ditto by files—mount—cavalry -evolutions—form line to the right twice—wheel -to the right about—form line to the left twice—wheel to -the left about—form two columns by quarter ranks from the -centre of each squadron—double up to half-ranks—form squadrons—file -from the right of fours—form squadrons—file from the -left of fours—form squadrons—by fours to the right about—file -from the right of fours—form to the rear—by fours to the right -about—form four squadrons—wheel the line—charge—retreat -by files from the right—form to the front—form two lines opposite, -by squadrons wheeling outwards—charge through the intervals—form -two columns to the rear by each line wheeling by squadrons -inwards—squadrons wheel to the front—form two squadrons—advance—form -six squadrons—form two columns on the centre -squadrons—form line—charge—retreat by three squadrons, the -three others supporting—move to the right to gain a flank—form -and charge—form two squadrons—centre troops advance and -pursue—retire and form in the rear of their own squadrons—charge—take -ground to both flanks and rear by fours—charge—retreat -by fours—form line—advance—halt—general salute.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_18_18" id="Footnote_18_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18_18"><span class="label">[18]</span></a></p> - -<p class="right">'<em>Adjutant-General's Office, 19th April, 1788.</em></p> - -<p>'Dear Sir,</p> -<p><span class="pad2"> </span>'Having had the honour of laying yesterday before His -Majesty your request that the <span class="smcap">Fourth Regiment of Dragoon -Guards</span>, late the <em>First Regiment of Horse</em>, under your command, -might bear the title of <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Regiment of -Dragoon Guards</span>, I have the pleasure to acquaint you that -His Majesty has been graciously pleased to grant his royal -permission for the same.</p> - -<p class="right padr6">'I am, &c.</p> -<p class="right">'<span class="smcap">William Fawcett</span>, <em>Adjutant-General</em>.</p> - -<p class="negin1">'Lieut.-General George Warde,<br /> -Colonel of the Fourth Regt.<br /> -of Dragoon Guards.'</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_19_19" id="Footnote_19_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_19_19"><span class="label">[19]</span></a> In this attack Lord Mountjoy was killed. He was the -second nobleman of that name who fell while serving with this -Regiment. See the account of the battle of Steenkirk, in 1692, -page 12.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_20_20" id="Footnote_20_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20_20"><span class="label">[20]</span></a> This eminence had been the scene of the most infamous -and inhuman proceedings. Here the hapless Protestants seized -by the rebels were taken and maliciously butchered, after a mock -trial, and often no trial at all: some were shot, others transfixed -with pikes, and many were barbarously tortured before their -final execution. It appears, from unquestionable authority, that -upwards of 500 Protestants were murdered on this fatal hill; -and the priests were the instigators of these horrid religious -massacres.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_21_21" id="Footnote_21_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21_21"><span class="label">[21]</span></a> When this part of the record was read to King William IV. -at the Royal Pavilion, Brighton, on the 9th day of November, -1835, His Majesty observed:—'I recollect perfectly well inspecting -the squadron at Liverpool with the Duke of Gloucester, and -I think <em>they were the finest men and horses I ever saw</em>. In a -short time afterwards we went to see the regiment at Manchester, -and were equally pleased with the whole. It is a long time -ago now, but the circumstance is fresh in my memory.' His -Majesty directed Colonel Chatterton to make a note of this in the -record.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_22_22" id="Footnote_22_22"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22_22"><span class="label">[22]</span></a> During this year, 1815, the white web pantaloons and Hessian -boots, were replaced by dark-coloured cloth overalls and short -boots.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_23_23" id="Footnote_23_23"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23_23"><span class="label">[23]</span></a> Horse furniture was originally used by both officers and men -of the regiment, but it was discontinued in the early part of the -reign of George III.</p></div></div> - - -<div class="figcenter"> -<a name="FACE-80" id="FACE-80"></a> -<img src="images/i_a_080fp.jpg" alt="" /> -<div class="caption"> -<p class="fs70"><em>Madeley, lith. 3, Wellington St. Strand.</em></p> -<p class="rt fs70"><em>J. Spence det.</em></p> - -FOURTH, or ROYAL IRISH DRAGOON GUARDS.</div> -</div> - - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p> - -<h2 class="fs90"><a name="SUCCESSION_OF_COLONELS" id="SUCCESSION_OF_COLONELS"></a>SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h2> - -<p class="pfs70">OF THE</p> - -<p class="pfs100">FOURTH, OR ROYAL IRISH REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS.</p> - -<hr class="r30" /> -<p class="center smcap">James Earl of Arran.</p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 28th of July, 1685.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Earl of Arran</span> was the eldest son of Lord William -Douglas, a faithful supporter of the royal cause during -the rebellion, who was created Earl of Selkirk by King -Charles I. in 1646, and having married Anne Duchess of -Hamilton, only surviving daughter of James first Duke -of Hamilton, was, in consequence of a petition from the -Duchess, created <span class="smcap">Duke of Hamilton</span> for life by King -Charles II.</p> - -<p>Shortly after the restoration the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran</span> obtained -an appointment in the household of King Charles -II.,<a name="FNanchor_24_24" id="FNanchor_24_24"></a><a href="#Footnote_24_24" class="fnanchor">[24]</a> and after remaining some time at court, he was sent -with a congratulatory communication to the French Monarch, -and served two campaigns with the French army -in the capacity of aide-de-camp to Louis XIV. In 1685, -when the Earl of Argyle raised the standard of rebellion -in Scotland, the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran</span> took an active part -against the insurgents: he also raised a troop of horse -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span>for the service of King James II., who appointed him -Colonel of the <span class="smcap">Sixth Regiment of Horse</span>, now <span class="smcap">Fourth, -or Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span>. He was nominated -a Knight Companion of the Thistle, on the revival of -that Order in 1687, and in the following year he was -promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and appointed -Colonel of the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards. At -the Revolution his conduct was remarkable for the unshaken -fidelity which he evinced to his sovereign under -all circumstances. When he could no longer serve the -King in a military capacity, he performed his duty as -gentleman of the bed-chamber, and attended His Majesty -from the time of his departure from London to the moment -of his embarkation at Rochester; and at the meeting -of the Scottish nobility and gentry in London, in -January, 1689, at which the duke, his father, presided, -he expressed himself in reply to the request of the Prince -of Orange for advice:—'The surest way to heal the -breach is to address His Majesty to return from France, -and call a free parliament. I can distinguish between -his popery and his person: I dislike the one; but I -have sworn, and do owe, allegiance to the other.' He -had previously been removed from his regiment by the -Prince of Orange.</p> - -<p>During the hostilities which followed the accession of -William and Mary, the <span class="smcap">Earl of Arran</span> did not appear -in arms in favour of King James; but he was suspected -of corresponding with the court of France, and was twice -committed a prisoner to the Tower of London: he was, -however, discharged without being brought to trial. After -the decease of his father the dukedom of Hamilton reverted -to his mother, in whom it was hereditary; but -she resigned that honour in favour of his lordship, who -was created <span class="smcap">Duke of Hamilton</span>, by patent, dated the -10th of August, 1698. His grace adhered, privately, -to the interest of King James and the Pretender, until -his decease, which was tragical, being killed in a duel -with Lord Mohun, who was also slain at the same time -in Hyde Park, on the 15th of November, 1712.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Charles Earl of Selkirk.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 20th November, 1688.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Lord Charles Hamilton</span>, third son of William Duke -of Hamilton, entered the Life Guards in the year 1686, -and obtained the appointment of Guidon and Major in -the fourth troop. He was advanced to the peerage by -the title of <span class="smcap">Earl of Selkirk</span>, on his father's resignation -of that honour, in October, 1688; and adhering to King -James II. at the Revolution, was promoted to the Colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span>, in succession to his brother the -Earl of Arran; but was removed from his regiment by -the Prince of Orange, in December of the same year. -The <span class="smcap">Earl of Selkirk</span> subsequently entered warmly -into the protestant interest, and held civil appointments -under the crown in the reigns of William III., George I., -and George II.; and died on the 13th of March, 1739.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Charles Godfrey.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 31st December, 1688.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">When the army was augmented in 1678, in the expectation -of a war with France, <span class="smcap">Charles Godfrey</span>, Esq., -obtained a commission in the Duke of Monmouth's Regiment -of Horse, which was disbanded in the following -year. He appears not to have held any military appointment -from that period until the revolution in 1688, -when, being a strenuous advocate of the protestant cause, -he obtained, through the interest of John Lord Churchill, -the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Sixth Horse</span>.<a name="FNanchor_25_25" id="FNanchor_25_25"></a><a href="#Footnote_25_25" class="fnanchor">[25]</a> After the Earl of -Marlborough had been sent prisoner to the Tower of -London, on a charge of treason, Colonel Godfrey was -removed from his command; and he did not afterwards -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span>serve in a military capacity. He was many years Master -of the Jewel House, and a Member of Parliament in the -reign of Queen Anne; and died in 1715.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Francis Langston.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 7th March, 1693.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer served under his brother, Captain Thomas -Langston, who commanded a troop of horse at Tangier -in Africa, and signalized himself against the Moors. -When the troops of Tangier Horse were constituted -Royal Dragoons, in 1683, <span class="smcap">Francis Langston</span> obtained -a commission in that corps, and he served in the Royal -Regiment of Dragoons until December, 1688, when -the Prince of Orange promoted him to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy -of the Eighth, or Princess Anne's Regiment -of Horse, of which his brother was appointed Colonel. -He proceeded with his regiment to Ireland in the same -year; and his brother Thomas dying in that country, he -was appointed to succeed him in the Colonelcy of the -Eighth Horse. He served at the head of his regiment at -the battles of the Boyne and Aghrim, and in numerous -skirmishes, until the final reduction of Ireland under the -dominion of William III. His services were immediately -afterwards transferred to the Netherlands; and his regiment -having suffered severely, from having been long -exposed to a furious cannonade at the battle of Steenkirk, -it was disbanded, and Colonel Langston was appointed -to the command of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>, now <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span>. At the battle of <em>Landen</em> this officer -highly distinguished himself at the head of the right -squadron of his regiment, and was wounded and taken -prisoner. He was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General -on the 1st of June, 1697; and proceeding, after -the peace of Ryswick, with his regiment to Ireland, he -was placed on the staff of the army in that country.</p> - -<p>During the wars in the reign of Queen Anne this officer -was not employed on foreign service, but was continued -on the staff of Ireland. He was promoted to the rank of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span> -Major-General on the 1st of June, 1703, and to that of -Lieutenant-General on the 1st of June, 1704.</p> - -<p>When the great Duke of Marlborough was removed -from his military commands, Lieutenant-General Langston -appears to have been considered too firmly devoted -to the protestant cause, and to the succession of the House -of Hanover, for the new ministry to confide in him, and -he retired from the army. This veteran died on the 6th -of April, 1723.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">George Jocelyn.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 20th October, 1713.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer obtained the commission of Cornet in <em>the -Queen Dowager's</em> Regiment of Horse, commanded by -George Viscount Hewyt (now Sixth Dragoon Guards) -in 1689, and served at the battle of the Boyne under -King William III. On the 5th of May, 1690, he was -engaged in a gallant affair with the enemy near Castle -Cuff, and was wounded.<a name="FNanchor_26_26" id="FNanchor_26_26"></a><a href="#Footnote_26_26" class="fnanchor">[26]</a> He also served at the battle -of Aghrim, and siege of Limerick; and in 1693 at the -hard-contested battle of Landen. After the peace of -Ryswick he entered the corps of Life Guards, and rose to -the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Troop (now -Second Regiment), commanded by the Duke of Ormond. -On the 29th of May, 1706, he obtained the rank of Colonel -in the army, and on the 12th of February, 1711, that -of Brigadier-General. After the Duke of Ormond was -promoted to the elevated station of Captain-General -of the Forces, Brigadier-General Jocelyn obtained the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>; and when his Grace -was removed from the command of the army by King -George I., this officer obtained permission to dispose of his -appointment: he died on the 9th of November, 1727.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span></p> - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sherrington Davenport.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 9th February, 1715.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Sherrington Davenport</span> was appointed Adjutant of -the Queen Dowager's Regiment of Horse in 1687; and -after serving at the battles of the Boyne and Aghrim, -and at both sieges of Limerick, in Ireland; and at the -battle of Landen, and covering the siege of Namur in the -Netherlands, he was promoted to the Majority of the -regiment on the 13th of August, 1696. He subsequently -obtained a commission in the First Troop (now First -Regiment) of Life Guards, in which corps he obtained -the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He was appointed -Brigadier-General in 1707, and Major-General in 1710; -and being firmly devoted to the protestant interest, he -was permitted, soon after the arrival of King George I. -from Hanover, to purchase the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth -Horse</span>, which he retained until his decease on the 2nd -of July, 1719.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Owen Wynne.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 6th July, 1719.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Owen Wynne</span> entered the army on the 8th of March, -1688. After the Revolution he proceeded to Ireland, of -which country he was a native, and he was engaged with -the Enniskillen men in their determined resistance to the -power of King James II. When the Enniskillen bands -were incorporated into regiments, he obtained a commission -in Wynne's (afterwards Fifth or Royal Irish) Dragoons. -With this corps he served in numerous skirmishes -and engagements until after the reduction of the whole of -Ireland under the power of King William III. He also -served under the King in Flanders, and was appointed -Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment on the 20th of July, -1695. He was promoted to the rank of Colonel in 1703, -and was commissioned, in 1705, to raise and discipline a -regiment of foot, of which he was appointed Colonel. In<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> -1706 he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, -and on the 1st of January, 1709, to that of Major-General. -His regiment of foot served the campaigns of 1710 and -1711 under the great Duke of Marlborough, and that of -1712 under the Duke of Ormond, and was disbanded -after the conclusion of the peace of Utrecht; but in 1715, -when Jacobite principles had become so prevalent in the -nation that an insurrection was expected, a regiment of -dragoons (now the Ninth Lancers) was raised, of which -Major-General Owen Wynne was appointed Colonel; -and he was instrumental in suppressing the rebellion -which broke out in the autumn of that year in favour of -the Pretender. In 1719 he was removed to the Colonelcy -of the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>; and on the 10th of March, -1726, he was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General. -He was removed to the Colonelcy of the Royal Irish -Dragoons, in which corps he had performed his early -services, in August, 1732; and he held the command of -that regiment until his decease on the 28th of February, -1737.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Thomas Pearce.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 27th September, 1732.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Thomas Pearce</span>, choosing the profession of arms, obtained -the commission of Ensign on the 28th of February, -1689, and after serving three campaigns in the Netherlands, -he was appointed Captain of the Grenadier company -in the Second Foot Guards in October, 1694. In -the following summer he served at the siege of Namur, -and was engaged on the night of the 8th of July in storming -the covered way, when, led by his innate ardour, he -advanced too far in front of his men, and was wounded -and taken prisoner. He served in the expedition to Cadiz -in 1702, and commanded the first division of Grenadiers, -which effected a landing between Rota and Fort St. Catherine. -Himself and eight men only had landed, when -they were charged by a troop of Spanish horse. The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span> -grenadiers fought manfully, slew the Spanish commanding -officer and five men, took two officers prisoners, and -forced the remainder to retreat: he afterwards summoned -the Fort of St. Catherine, which surrendered: he also -commanded a party of grenadiers at the storming of the -Forts of Vigo, and was wounded. His gallantry was -rewarded, in April of the following year, with the Colonelcy -of a newly-raised regiment of foot, from which he -was removed in February, 1704, to an older corps—now -the Fifth or Northumberland Fusiliers. In 1707, he -proceeded with his regiment to Portugal; and in 1709 -highly distinguished himself at the head of a brigade of -infantry at the battle of the Caya, where he was taken -prisoner. After being exchanged he was promoted to the -rank of Major-General, and returning to Portugal, commanded -a brigade in that country until the peace of -Utrecht. On the 5th of March, 1727, he was promoted -to the rank of Lieutenant-General, and in 1732 he was -removed to the <span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>. He was a member of -Parliament for Melcombe Regis, and died in 1739.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Lord Tyrawley.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 26th August, 1739.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">The <span class="smcap">Hon. James O'Hara</span> was appointed Lieutenant in -the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers, commanded by his -father, on the 15th of March, 1703; and in 1706 he proceeded -with his regiment to the relief of Barcelona. In -the following year he served on the staff of the army in -Spain, and was wounded at the battle of Almanza, where, -it is said, he was instrumental in saving the Earl of Galway's -life. He served several years at Minorca; and in -1713 obtained the Colonelcy of the Royal Fusiliers, in -succession to his father, at whose decease, in 1733, he -succeeded to the dignity of <span class="smcap">Baron Tyrawley</span>. The -rank of Brigadier-General was conferred on his lordship -on the 23rd of November, 1735; that of Major-General -on the 2nd of July, 1739; and in August of the latter<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span> -year, he was removed from the Royal Fusiliers to the -<span class="smcap">Fifth Horse</span>. In March, 1743, he was promoted to -the rank of Lieutenant-General; and in the following -month obtained the Colonelcy of the Second Troop of -Horse Grenadier Guards, from which he was removed, -in 1745, to the Third Troop of Life Guards, which gave -him the privilege of taking the court duty of gold stick. -In 1746, when King George II. had resolved to disband -the Third and Fourth Troops of Life Guards, his lordship -was removed to the Tenth Foot; he was again removed, -in 1749, to the Fourteenth Dragoons; in 1752, -to the Third Dragoons; and in 1755, to the Second, or -Coldstream Regiment of Foot Guards. He was appointed -Governor of Portsmouth on the 1st of May, 1759, -and was promoted to the rank of General on the 7th of -March, 1761. He held the appointment of Governor of -Minorca for several years; was employed as Envoy and -Ambassador to the courts of Portugal and Russia; and -died at Twickenham on the 13th of July, 1773.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">John Brown.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st April, 1743.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer entered the army as Cornet of horse on -the 5th of August, 1704, and served several campaigns -on the continent in the army commanded by John Duke -of Marlborough. In 1735 he was Lieutenant-Colonel of -the Fourth Dragoons, from whence he was removed to -the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the King's Horse (now First -Dragoon Guards); and on the 10th of May, 1742, he -was appointed Colonel of the Ninth Dragoons. On the -appointment of Lieutenant-General Lord Tyrawley to -the Horse Grenadier Guards, the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Fifth -Horse</span> was conferred on Colonel Brown, who was promoted -to the rank of Major-General on the 26th of March, -1754, and to that of Lieutenant-General on the 15th of -January, 1758: he died in 1762.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Johnston.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 3rd August, 1762.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">James Johnston</span> obtained a commission in the Royal -Horse Guards, was at the battles of Dettingen and Fontenoy, -and was appointed Major of the regiment on the -29th of November, 1750. On the 17th of December, 1754, -he was promoted to the Lieutenant-Colonelcy; and he -commanded the regiment at several engagements in Germany -during the Seven-years' war. In 1762 he obtained -the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">First Irish Horse</span>, now <span class="smcap">Fourth -Dragoon Guards</span>; was appointed Major-General on -the 30th of April, 1770; and on the 27th of April, 1775, -was removed to the Colonelcy of the 11th Dragoons. -He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General on -the 29th of August, 1777; and was removed to the Scots -Greys on the 4th of February, 1785, the Colonelcy of -which regiment he retained until his decease on the 24th -of December, 1795.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Johnston.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 27th April, 1775.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent">This officer was cousin to the previous Colonel of the -same name. He obtained the commission of Cornet in the -Thirteenth Dragoons on the 5th of October, 1736, and -was removed to the Royal Dragoons in 1739, in which -corps he rose to the rank of Major, and was promoted to -the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Thirteenth Dragoons on -the 2nd of December, 1754. In April, 1759, he was reappointed -to the First Royal Dragoons, and proceeding in -command of the regiment to Germany, served in the battles -and skirmishes of that and the two succeeding campaigns -under Ferdinand Duke of Brunswick. He particularly -distinguished himself at the battle of Warbourg, and -was wounded at the battle of Campen. In 1762 he was -promoted to the local rank of Major-General in Germany; -and he commanded a brigade of cavalry during the cam<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span>paign -of that year. He was distinguished alike for the -sterner military virtues,—for a gentlemanly deportment,—and -an amiable disposition, which procured him the -esteem of all ranks; and on the breaking up of the army -on the continent he received a flattering mark of the approbation -of the hereditary Prince of Brunswick,<a name="FNanchor_27_27" id="FNanchor_27_27"></a><a href="#Footnote_27_27" class="fnanchor">[27]</a>—namely, -a valuable gold snuff-box, embellished with highly-chased -military trophies, accompanied by an autograph -letter, of which the following is a copy:—</p> - -<div class="blockquot fs90" lang="fr" xml:lang="fr"> - -<p class="right">"Munden, ce 17 de Nov. 1762.</p> - -<p class="noindent">"Monsieur,</p> - -<p>"Vous m'obligerez sensiblement, en acceptant la babiole que -je joins ici comme une marque de l'estime, et de la consideration -parfaite que je vous porte, et comme un souvenir d'un ami qui -jamais ne finèra d'etre.</p> - -<p class="right padr6">"Monsieur,</p> -<p class="right padr2">"Votre très humble et très devoué serviteur,</p> -<p class="right">"<span class="smcap">Charles</span>, Pr. Her. de B."</p> - -<p>"A Monsieur<br /> -"Le Col. Johnston."</p> -</div> - -<p>He was appointed Lieutenant-Governor of the island -of Minorca in 1763, and was promoted to the rank of -Major-General in 1770. In the following year this -meritorious officer was rewarded with the Colonelcy of -the Ninth Dragoons; in 1774 he was constituted Governor -of Quebec; and in 1775 he obtained the Colonelcy of the -<span class="smcap">First Irish Horse</span> (now <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>). -Two years afterwards he was promoted to the rank of -Lieutenant-General; in 1778 he was removed from the -<span class="smcap">First Irish Horse</span> to the Sixth Enniskillen Dragoons; -and was further promoted to the rank of General in 1793: -he is stated to have been one of the most celebrated -swordsmen of his time. The decease of this distinguished -veteran occurred on the 13th of December, 1797, at -Hampton, from whence he was removed with great state -for interment in Westminster Abbey on the 21st of that -month.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span></p> - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">George Warde.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st April, 1778.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">George Warde</span> entered the army in the reign of George -II.; was appointed Captain in the Eleventh Dragoons in -1748, and Major of the same corps in June, 1756. In -1758 he obtained the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Fourth -Dragoons, at the head of which corps he served many -years, and brought it into so high a state of discipline, -that, whenever King George III. reviewed the corps, he -expressed his approbation of its excellent condition in the -strongest terms. He was promoted to the rank of Colonel -in the army in 1772, and in the succeeding year he obtained -the Colonelcy of the Fourteenth Dragoons. The -rank of Major-General was conferred on this officer in -1777; he was promoted to the Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">First -Irish Horse</span> (now <span class="smcap">Fourth Dragoon Guards</span>) in the -following year; and was advanced to the rank of Lieutenant-General -in 1782. In 1792 he was appointed -Commander-in-Chief in Ireland, and while in that country -he devoted much of his time to the bringing of -his regiment,—the <span class="smcap">Fourth Royal Irish Dragoon -Guards</span>,—into a most perfect condition for active service. -He possessed the soundest ideas of what cavalry ought to -be; he had an aversion to slow movements, and although -nearly seventy years of age, he exercised his regiment -five times a week,—often leading it across the country -over hedge and ditch, to the astonishment of every one. -He was promoted to the rank of General in 1796, and -died on the 11th of March, 1803. He was celebrated -for philanthropy, and was represented by historians as a -man 'of inviolable, disinterested integrity, public and -private; and the bestower of benefactions scarcely less -secret than extensive.'</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span></p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Miles Staveley.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 12th March, 1803.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Miles Staveley</span> obtained a Cornetcy in the Royal Horse -Guards in January, 1759, and served with that regiment -a period of forty years. His first essay in arms was -during the Seven-years' war in Germany, where he served -under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick. He also served -in Flanders under his Royal Highness the Duke of York; -and was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in -the Royal Horse Guards on the 31st of December, 1794. -During the following year he was promoted to the rank -of Colonel in the army, and in 1798 to that of Major-General. -In 1799 he obtained the Colonelcy of the -Twenty-eighth, or Duke of York's own Regiment of -Light Dragoons, which was disbanded at the peace of -Amiens in 1802. In the following year he obtained the -command of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span>; was -subsequently promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General; -and died in September, 1814.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir Henry Fane, G.C.B.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 3rd October, 1814.</em></p> - -<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">General Sir Henry Fane</span> commenced his military -career as Cornet in the Sixth Dragoon Guards in 1792; -in 1794 he was appointed Captain-Lieutenant in the -<span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span>, with which corps he -served ten years, and took an active part in Ireland -during the rebellion in 1798. He was promoted to the -rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the regiment in 1797, and -was removed to the First Dragoon Guards in 1804. In -1808 he proceeded with the army to Portugal, commanded -a brigade at the battle of Roleia on the 17th of -August, and at Vimiera on the 21st of that month. He -also commanded a brigade under Sir John Moore in -Spain, and was engaged at the battle of Corunna. Re<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span>turning -to Portugal, he commanded a brigade at the battle -of Talavera on the 27th and 28th of July, 1809; was -promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 25th of -July, 1810; commanded a brigade at the battle of Vittoria -on the 21st of June, 1813, and at the battle of -Orthes on the 27th of February, 1814; and these -distinguished services have been rewarded with the -Grand Cross of the Military Order of the Bath, and -an honorary Cross with one clasp. He obtained the -Colonelcy of the <span class="smcap">Royal Irish Dragoon Guards</span> in -October, 1814; was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General -on the 12th of August, 1819; and was removed -to the King's Dragoon Guards in 1827. On -the 30th of January, 1835, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief -in the East Indies, with the local rank -of General; in which rank he was included in the brevet -promotion on the 10th of January, 1837.</p> - - -<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir George Anson, G.C.B.</span></p> - -<p class="center"><em>Appointed 24th February, 1827.</em></p> - - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_24_24" id="Footnote_24_24"></a><a href="#FNanchor_24_24"><span class="label">[24]</span></a> The Earl of Arran had not been long at court before an -affair of gallantry involved him in a quarrel with Lord Mordaunt -(afterwards the celebrated Earl of Peterborough), which produced -a meeting in Greenwich Park, when, after firing their -pistols without effect, they engaged with swords; Lord Mordaunt -was wounded in the groin, and the Earl of Arran in the thigh, -when the former accidentally broke his sword, which terminated -the contest.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_25_25" id="Footnote_25_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> <span class="smcap">Charles Godfrey</span>, Esq., was brother-in-law to John -Lord Churchill (afterwards Duke of Marlborough), having married -Miss Arabella Churchill, mistress of King James II., and -mother of James Duke of Berwick, one of the most successful -and distinguished generals of his age, who rose to the rank of -Marshal of France, and obtained a dukedom in Spain, and another -in France.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_26_26" id="Footnote_26_26"></a><a href="#FNanchor_26_26"><span class="label">[26]</span></a> A detailed account of this action is given in the Record of -the 6th Dragoon Guards; and also in the Record of the Fifth -Foot.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_27_27" id="Footnote_27_27"></a><a href="#FNanchor_27_27"><span class="label">[27]</span></a> His Highness was afterwards reigning Duke of Brunswick. -He married the Princess Augusta, sister to King George III.; -and died of wounds received at the battle of Jena in 1808.</p></div></div> - - -<p class="p4 pfs70">LONDON:</p> -<p class="pfs70">Printed by <span class="smcap">William Clowes</span> and Sons,</p> -<p class="pfs60">Stamford Street.</p> - - -<hr class="chap pg-brk" /> - -<div class="transnote"> -<a name="TN" id="TN"></a> -<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p> - -<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been -corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within -the text and consultation of external sources.</p> - -<p class="screenonly">The page numbering of the original text has -been retained. The early pages have numbering i-viii then iii-vi.</p> - -<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, -and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, -bearskin, bear skin, bear-skin; cannon-ball, cannon ball; tragical.</p> - -<p> -<a href="#Page_6">Pg 6</a>, 'Lievtenant vi<sup>s</sup> ' replaced by 'Lieutenant vi<sup>s</sup> '.<br /> -<a href="#Page_11">Pg 11</a>, 'SIXTH Horse obtained' replaced by 'SIXTH HORSE obtained'.<br /> -<a href="#Page_27">Pg 27</a>, 'Phoenix Park on the 22nd' replaced by 'Phœnix Park on the 22nd'.<br /> -<a href="#Page_54">Pg 54</a>, 'valice' replaced by 'valise'.<br /> -<a href="#Page_55">Pg 55</a>, 'mean time the legions' replaced by 'meantime the legions'.<br /> -</p> -</div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Fourth, or -Royal Irish Regiment of Dragoon Gua, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD OF THE *** - -***** This file should be named 51376-h.htm or 51376-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/1/3/7/51376/ - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by the Library of Congress) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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