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Elmendorf - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - -Title: The Mentor: The Yosemite Valley, Vol 4, Num. 16, Serial No. 116, October 2, 1916 - -Author: Dwight L. Elmendorf - -Release Date: May 22, 2016 [EBook #52131] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: THE YOSEMITE *** - - - - -Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed -Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<h1>THE MENTOR 1916.10.02, No. 116,<br /> -The Yosemite Valley</h1> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 476px;"> -<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="476" height="700" alt="Cover page" /> -</div> - -<div class="bbox"> - -<p class="center gesperrt smaller">LEARN ONE THING<br /> -EVERY DAY</p> - -<p class="smaller noindent">OCTOBER 2 1916</p> - -<p class="right smaller noindent" style="margin-top: -2em;">SERIAL NO. 116</p> - -<p class="center larger">THE<br /> -MENTOR</p> - -<p class="center">THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</p> - -<p class="center smaller">By DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF<br /> -Lecturer and Traveler</p> - -<p class="smaller noindent">DEPARTMENT OF<br /> -TRAVEL</p> - -<p class="right smaller noindent" style="margin-top: -3em;">VOLUME 4<br /> -NUMBER 16</p> - -<p class="center smaller">FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY</p> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<div class="bbox-dashed"> - -<h2>The Incomparable Yosemite</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> -<img src="images/leaf-double.jpg" width="100" height="47" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<p>No temple made with hands can compare with the -Yosemite. Every rock in its walls seems to glow -with life. Some lean back in majestic repose; others, -absolutely sheer or nearly so for thousands of feet, advance -beyond their companions in thoughtful attitudes, -giving welcome to storms and calms alike, seemingly -aware, yet heedless, of everything going on about them.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;"> -<img src="images/flower.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<p>Awful in stern, immovable majesty, how softly -these rocks are adorned, and how fine and reassuring -the company they keep: their feet among beautiful -groves and meadows, their brows in the sky, a thousand -flowers leaning confidingly against their feet, bathed in -floods of water, floods of light, while the snow and waterfalls, -the winds and avalanches and clouds shine and -sing and wreathe about them as the years go by, and -myriads of small winged creatures—birds, bees, butterflies—give -glad animation and help to make all the air -into music.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;"> -<img src="images/flower.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<p>Down through the middle of the Valley flows the -crystal Merced, River of Mercy, reflecting lilies -and trees and the onlooking rocks; things frail and fleeting -and types of endurance meeting here and blending -in countless forms, as if into this one mountain mansion -Nature had gathered her choicest treasures to draw her -lovers into close and confiding communion with her.</p> - -<p class="right">JOHN MUIR.</p> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate1.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">CATHEDRAL SPIRES, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Story of the Valley</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">ONE</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-i.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">It was once said that “a man has to be an awful -liar to tell the truth about California”; and this -applies especially to the wonderful Yosemite (yo-sem´-it-ee) -Valley. The name Yosemite means -“full grown grizzly bear.” The Valley lies on the west slope of -the Sierra Nevada range, and is washed by the Merced River.</p> - -<p>There is no record of the early Spanish -settlers of California ever having known -the Yosemite. It was always a stronghold -for the mountain tribes of Indians, and -descendants of the Yosemite Indians still -live there.</p> - -<p>During the gold rush to California, in -1849, a prospector wandering on a trail -up the Merced River was the first white -man to view this beautiful region. Two -years later a band of soldiers came upon -the Valley suddenly while pursuing -marauding Indians. The discovery came -about in this way:</p> - -<p>For some time previous to 1851 the -Yosemite Indians, believing themselves -secure in their mountain stronghold, had -given a great deal of trouble to the military -authorities of the United States by -their defiant plundering. Major Savage, -in command of the Mariposa Battalion -of United States forces, at first tried to -treat peaceably with them. The Yosemites, -however, suspicious that Major Savage -was merely attempting to get the -tribe into his power, would not accept his -offers. Then Major Savage went out -after them. This was in the winter, and -they had to break a trail through the -snow. Suddenly they came in sight of a -most wonderful valley. They went into -camp on the bank of the Merced River, -opposite the peak which is now known as -El Capitan.</p> - -<p>After the meal, in discussing this glorious -spot which they had discovered, it -was suggested that a name be given it. -One of the party, Dr. Bunnell, proposed -that it be called the “Yosemite Valley,” -to perpetuate the name of the tribe that -had so long made its home there. This -name was unanimously adopted.</p> - -<p>The expedition remained one day and -two nights in the Valley, and then were -forced to hurry out at the approach of a -storm. In three days they had made the -round trip through the Valley, exploring -it in a general way, and had named some -of its principal features. The Indians -whom they had gone out to capture, however, -were not seen. Later, in 1851, another -expedition was made to the Valley -in pursuit of the Indians. This was in -charge of Capt. John Boling, and Dr. -Bunnell accompanied the party. Several -Indians were captured, and additional explorations -were made.</p> - -<p>Not many visits were made to the Valley -before 1855. The first regular tourists’ -visit was made by J. M. Hutchings, who, -having heard of its wonderful scenery, -collected a party and went there. The -following year regular tourist travel began. -The first house built in the Yosemite -Valley was erected in 1855. This was -afterwards known as Black’s Hotel. It -was situated directly opposite the Yosemite -Fall. Years ago the old Sentinel Hotel -was built by the side of the Merced River, -and as patronage increased three cottage -annexes to this simple hostelry were erected—one -immediately adjoining the hotel -building and two across the road. In -time a small village grew up along the -road and camps were established in the -meadows and woods near by. The old -Sentinel has now given way to the large -new hotel across the river near the foot of -the falls. This opens in the beginning of -1917.</p> - -<p>The first permanent settler in the Yosemite -Valley was J. C. Lamon, who built -a cabin in the very end of it in 1860 and -planted gardens and orchards. Four -years later an act of Congress granted the -Valley itself and the adjacent territory to -the State of California on the condition -that it be held forever as a public park. -In 1905, however, California gave back -the Valley to the United States, and it -now forms part of the Yosemite National -Park, which was created in 1890.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate2.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">YOSEMITE FALLS. YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Waterfalls</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">TWO</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">The finest photograph is inadequate to convey to -the mind a satisfactory impression of the Yosemite -Falls. The Yosemite Creek descends to the valley -floor in three leaps, with a total height of about 2,500 -feet. It is the highest known cataract in the world. The -upper fall has a vertical descent of 1,430 feet; the middle fall -consists of a series of cascades, with a -total descent of 626 feet; while the lower -fall is 320 feet high. At the top the Yosemite -Falls is about 35 feet wide. As the -season advances and the volume of water -decreases, the fall dwindles considerably. -At its best, however, it is one of the grandest -features of the Valley. In winter a -splendid ice cone, 500 feet high, forms at -the foot of the upper fall.</p> - -<p>Near Cathedral Spires, the Bridal Veil -Fall pours down. People love it for its -delicate, spirit-like beauty. It has a -clear vertical fall of about 630 feet, with -a width of 50 to 70 feet. The name is derived -from the effect on it of the wind, -which makes it flutter like a white veil.</p> - -<p>The Bridal Veil shoots from the upper -ledge of the cliff by the velocity the -stream has acquired in descending a long -slope above the head of the fall. Usually -the fall strikes on flat topped slabs, which -form a kind of ledge about two-thirds of -the way down. Between four and five -o’clock in the afternoon beautiful rainbows -may be seen in this fall.</p> - -<p>The Nevada Falls, 594 feet high, is generally -ranked next to the Yosemite in interest. -It is a heavy, turbulent cataract. -Before reaching the bottom of its plunge -the fall is broken and scattered by a sloping -portion of the cliff about half-way -down. It is the stormiest and whitest of -all the falls in the Valley.</p> - -<p>The Vernal Falls has a vertical descent -of 317 feet and varies in width from 70 -to 80 feet. This fall is an orderly, graceful, -easy-going one. It may be more -closely approached than any other. Just -above it is the beautiful Emerald Pool.</p> - -<p>The Illilouette Falls has a total height -of about 370 feet. It is not so impressive -as the upper Yosemite, nor so symmetrical -as the Vernal, nor so graceful as Bridal -Veil, nor so stormy a gush as Nevada; -but, as John Muir says, “In the exquisite -fineness and richness of texture of its -flowing folds, it surpasses them all.”</p> - -<p>There are many other small falls and -cascades in the Yosemite Valley, among -them being the Yosemite Gorge Fall and -Cascades, the Royal Arch Falls, the Two -Sentinel Cascades, and the falls of Cascade -and Tamarack Creeks. The Royal -Arch Fall in time of high water is beautiful; -and the Two Sentinel Cascades, -3,000 feet high, are also wonderful spectacles. -By the middle of summer, however, -these have diminished so greatly that -they are hardly noticeable.</p> - -<p>The volume of water in the falls of the -Valley varies greatly at different times—and -so do the accounts of the altitude of -the cataracts. You may have Illilouette -Falls anywhere from 370 to 600 feet high, -and the Upper Yosemite Falls anywhere -from 1,400 to 1,600 feet high—just according -to whom you ask. There is a like -variation in the statements of the altitude -of summits, and the size and age of -the giant trees. Our figures are taken -from the documents issued by the Department -of the Interior of the United States -Government.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate3.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">EL CAPITAN, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Summits</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">THREE</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-f.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">First in impressiveness and second only to the waterfalls -in beauty, are the summits of the Yosemite -Valley. Of all these summits El Capitan stands -preëminent, although it is not the highest; that -honor belonging to Cloud’s Rest.</p> - -<p>El Capitan, probably the largest mass of single rock in the -world, stands on the north wall of the -valley. It rises almost vertically 3,600 feet -above the plain, and it is nearly rectangular -in shape. Its two vast faces measure -about 160 acres each in area. You -can judge of its size by singling out what -appears to be a green bush which took -root and is growing in a shallow niche -far up on the face of the rock. That -green bush is called “The Lone Pine,” and -<i>it is 150 feet high</i>. El Capitan stands like -a grand old veteran, and it is one of -the most imposing monuments that -nature has left to show the terrific forces -which at one time worked their will with -this planet. Its summit may be reached -by a long and arduous journey, which is -seldom undertaken.</p> - -<p>Half Dome, or South Dome, as it is -sometimes called, rises at the head of the -Yosemite Valley to the height of 4,892 -feet above the valley floor. It forms the -eastern terminus of the Valley. It is one -of the wonders of the natural world, and -is a unique thing in mountain scenery. -Sweeping up 3,000 feet, its walls bear -only a few pine trees. Above this it ascends -perpendicularly nearly 2,000 feet -straight into the sky, while its rounded -summit falls steeply curved on the opposite -side. It has been described as “incomparably -the most wonderful, striking -and impressive feature of the region. In -strangeness of shape this hemispherical -mountain of solid granite is singular -among the world’s geological marvels, and -its sublime height and firm soaring outline -impose it upon the imagination more -than would be possible to bulk alone. -From every part of the upper half of the -Valley the eye is compelled, as if by force -of physical attraction, to return to this -extraordinary mountain, which one can -never tire of contemplating. One looks -upon it as one would gaze at some majestic -fragment of statuary.”</p> - -<p>Half Dome was first ascended in 1875 -by George Anderson. He practically -pulled himself to the summit by means of -a rope attached to iron pegs driven in the -rock. He inserted his bolts five or six -feet apart, and made his rope fast to each -in succession, resting his feet on the last -bolt while he drilled a hole for the next -above. He accomplished his ascent in a -few days; and he hoped to complete a -stairway, so that tourists might ascend -the Dome. But while he was preparing -timber for his stairway he was taken sick, -and died all alone in his little cabin.</p> - -<p>To the east of El Capitan are the peaks -named the Three Brothers, the highest of -which, known also as Eagle Peak, is a -favorite viewpoint. Glacier Point is another -frequently visited peak. It is in -many respects the finest point of vantage -from which to view the Valley. Opposite -is Washington Column, and immediately -to the westward of this are the Royal -Arches, formed of curious curved layers -of rock, firmly recessed, where gigantic -displacements have produced a strange -vaulted effect. Over these towers North -Dome, polished and gray, rises in a perfect -curve 3,571 feet above the Valley. It -is the best exhibition of the round head -rock formation that is so marked a feature -of this region.</p> - -<p>Guarding the Bridal Veil Falls are the -Three Graces. These look across the -Valley to their counterparts, the Three -Brothers. Near them are Cathedral -Rock and Cathedral Spires. Cathedral -Rock is not so high nor so massive as El -Capitan, nor are its sides quite so nearly -vertical. Its summit is 2,660 feet above -the Valley. The graceful pinnacles of -rock called Cathedral Spires are isolated -columns of granite. From one point of -view these spires rise above the edge of -the cliff exactly like two towers of a -Gothic cathedral. They are said to have -been given their name because of a fancied -resemblance to the Duomo at Florence, -in Italy.</p> - -<p>Sentinel Rock is the most conspicuous -rock on the south face of the Valley. It -stands about in the middle of the Valley, -and resembles a ruined tower 3,100 feet -in height. Beneath Sentinel Rock is Yosemite, -the little village of the Valley. -Right across the river opposite is the -Yosemite Falls.</p> - -<p>Cloud’s Rest commands a splendid -view of the High Sierra. Cloud’s Rest is -a long, bare, steep and extremely high -granite ridge. It is higher than Half -Dome, being nearly 10,000 feet above sea -level.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate4.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">HALF DOME, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Trails</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">FOUR</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">The supreme enjoyment of the Yosemite Valley is -to be found by pursuing its trails. There are many -of these, some offering more points of interest and -beauty than others.</p> - -<p>The climb to Glacier Point is of all the most popular. -There are three methods of making the ascent—on foot, on -horseback, and by auto-car. A great many -prefer the horse or mule and the bridle -path. This trail leads from the valley floor -along the banks of the Merced River and -past and above Vernal Falls and on to -Nevada Falls. Then it follows the picturesque -Illilouette Creek to its fall. Then -the trail ascends the steep face of the -cliff in zig zags. When the last height is -won and Glacier Point is reached, the -view is worth all the struggle. From -Glacier Point may be seen the Tenaya -Canyon, the Vernal and Nevada Falls, -the Cap of Liberty, Half Dome, the High -Sierra, and most of the Yosemite Valley. -There is a comfortable little hotel and a -camp at Glacier Point. Many stay over -night, and use the spot as a point of departure -on various trails—for Sentinel -Dome, Taft Point, Dewey Point, and the -long trail tramp to Wawona.</p> - -<p>The top of Sentinel Dome may be -reached from Glacier Point by a short -journey, and the trail is in good condition. -If possible, the view from here exceeds in -grandeur that from Glacier Point.</p> - -<p>After reaching Glacier Point most visitors -return by the short trail. This zig -zags down abruptly, making its descent -in four and a half miles. It is full of -thrills. For those who are nervous there -is just one rule to remember: “Fix your -faith on your mule—and hold tight.” The -trail passes Agassiz’s Column, a giant obelisk -that rises 85 feet in the air from the -top of the cliff, leads by Sentinel Falls, and -emerges on the plain below at the foot of -Sentinel Rock.</p> - -<p>The ledge trail is the most difficult. It -goes almost straight up from Camp Curry -at the base of Glacier Point. This ascent -has been made in a little over an hour. It -is a trail that only strong climbers should -attempt.</p> - -<p>Another wonderful climb is that to -Eagle Peak and Yosemite Point. A steep -but well-made bridle path crosses the -bridge over the creek descending from -Yosemite Falls. The trail goes to the -right shortly after, and, ascending some -distance, finally reaches a spot near the -foot of the Upper Yosemite Fall. Then -the trail leads to the top of the Yosemite -Fall and from there a path goes to Lake -Tenaya. The view from Eagle Peak extends -further to the west than that of -Glacier Point.</p> - -<p>The trail to Vernal and Nevada Falls -leads past Happy Isles and is full of beauty -and interest. It winds along the side of -the rushing Merced River. The trail -leads over a bridge commanding one of -the best views of Vernal Falls, and shortly -after passing Register Rock, it leads to -Vernal Falls. Behind this fall rises the -picturesque Cap of Liberty. This may -be ascended by experts, but it is a difficult -climb. The top of Vernal Falls may be -reached by an easy path protected by an -iron chain.</p> - -<p>From Register Rock the trail, which -now becomes narrower and steeper, makes -a wide sweep to the right before reaching -the top of Vernal Falls, where the flat rock -permits an approach to the edge of the -water. Just above is the beautiful Emerald -Pool. The trail recrosses the river -about half-way between the top of Vernal -Falls and the bottom of Nevada Falls. -Above the bridge is the Diamond Cascade, -and below it is the Silver Apron, -both beautiful waterfalls. From here -may be obtained a fine view of the superb -Nevada Falls. A steep and zig-zag trail -leads to its top.</p> - -<p>To reach Cloud’s Rest visitors follow -the Vernal Falls Trail, diverging from it -before reaching the bridge above the falls. -The trip to Cloud’s Rest takes one day, -and is a favorite among energetic tourists. -From the Cloud’s Rest trail climbers can -turn east and ascend the round summit of -Half Dome. The extraordinary formation -of this mountain attracts climbers, who -are curious to see what the top of it is -like. They find it to be just what they -expect—a curved, smooth surface.</p> - -<p>For anyone who has two or three days -to spare for a single expedition, the trip to -Merced Lake is a choice one. The lake is -reached in one day by the trail that leads -to Vernal and Nevada Falls. After the -falls have been left behind the trail is a -rough, wild path, disclosing scenes of -great beauty on every hand. There is a -comfortable lodge at the Lake, and in its -waters are more fish than you can catch—yes, -you and all your friends—in many a -day.</p> - -<p>Some of these trails lead on into the -larger spaces of Yosemite National Park. -The great majority of visitors confine -themselves to the territory included in -the Valley.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate5.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">THE THREE BROTHERS, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Camps</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">FIVE</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">The Valley is a camper’s paradise. Years ago travelers -discovered its many advantages. The combination -of deep shaded woods and open meadows, -with a fine water supply close at hand, made its -appeal to all lovers of nature, and long ago the Valley became -a favorite resort for campers. Out of single parties, there -soon developed an organized camping -system in the Valley. As a result, -there are now a number of little tent -and bungalow communities, with populations -varying from two or three hundred -up to nearly two thousand. At one time, -during 1915, the population of Camp -Curry exceeded two thousand. To the -lover of out-door life who wants to rest -close to the earth, there is nothing more -delightful than tent and bungalow life. -The United States Government and the -Park Service Company offer every convenience -to campers, so that no one need -bring material nor any supplies into the -Valley. The camper may determine the -conditions under which he will live. He -may bring his own tent, if he cares to. -Then, after securing a permit, he may -pick out his own spot and raise his simple -roof tree. Aside from the established -camps there are spaces of land set -apart and numbered, and these are for -the use of those utterly care-free pilgrims -who prefer to settle on a spot of -their own choosing and lead the simple life. -Upon arriving, the prospective camper -can get a full equipment on reasonable -terms. A list will be supplied to him, -from which he can select every necessary -thing for camp life—from a can-opener -and tin pan to tents and tables. He can -purchase these articles, or he can rent -them by the week. If a vagrant life is -desired, the camper may secure a pack-mule, -pull up stakes from time to time, -and move about as he chooses.</p> - -<p>This is camp life in its most elementary -aspect. From that the conditions of -tent and bungalow life in the Valley -range up to the finely equipped and -organized camps, where the visitor may -enjoy all the advantages and luxuries -of comfortable hotel life, while at the -same time living close to the ground. -The established camps at present are -Awahnee, El Capitan, Yosemite Camp, -Lost Arrow and Camp Curry. The -affairs of each camp are managed from -its own central office, a building where -mail is received and the interests of the -campers are looked after. The daily life -of these communities is full of incident. -Each camp has its entertainments and -its gala performances. One has a fine, -large bathing pavilion and plunge; another, -a festival hall. Moving pictures -are exhibited in the evenings; there -are lectures and concerts; and a large, -well equipped dancing pavilion makes -the hours fly fast for young people. -Communication between the camps is -easy, for there are auto-buses, “jitneys,” -as well as ponies and burros, and -things are stirring actively among the -camps most of the time. No one need -lack for entertainment. Between the -single tent in a remote part of the Valley -and the populous camp community there -is a wide range for choice, and variety of -conditions enough to make everyone -happy.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;"> - -<img src="images/plate6.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p> - -<p class="caption">VIEW FROM GLACIER POINT TRAIL, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p> - -</div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br /> -<span class="smaller"><i>The Big Trees</i></span></h2> -</div> - -<p class="line"><span class="linebg">SIX</span></p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-a.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">A most interesting feature of the Yosemite region -is the Big Trees. There are three groves of giant -trees near the valley—the Tuolumne, Merced, and -Mariposa. The first two named are small groves. -The important grove is the Mariposa. This grove is so -called from its situation in Mariposa (Butterfly) County. It -occupies a tract of land about four square -miles in area, and consists of two definite -groups of trees. Its elevation above the -sea level varies from 5,000 to 8,000 feet.</p> - -<p>The Big Tree, or <i>Sequoia gigantea</i>, is -found only on the west slope of the Sierra -Range. The Redwood, or <i>Sequoia sempervirens</i>, -its twin brother, is strictly a -seaboard tree, being confined to the coast -ranges. The Big Tree, however, is the -giant of all, and it is of this species that -the Mariposa Grove is made up.</p> - -<p>The first grove of Big Trees discovered -by white men was the Calaveras Grove of -Big Trees in California. This was in the -spring of 1852, and the discoverer was -A. T. Dowd. Soon the story of the Big -Trees found its way into the newspapers, -and no other plant ever attracted so much -attention or gained such celebrity within -so short a period. The species was named -in honor of Sequoyah, or Sequoia, to give -it the Latin spelling, a Cherokee Indian -of mixed blood, who was also known as -George Guess. He invented an alphabet -and written language for his tribe.</p> - -<p>The Big Trees are the oldest living -things in the world. It is impossible to -appreciate their huge size from a mere -description. They must be seen; and -even then a sense of futility strikes the -beholder. The Big Trees grow in groves, -never forming groups by themselves, but -always scattered among a much larger -number of trees of other kinds.</p> - -<p>Says John Muir, the famous naturalist: -“The whole tree for the first century -or two, or until it is a hundred or one -hundred and fifty feet high, is arrowhead -in form, and, compared with the solemn -rigidity of age, seems as sensitive to the -wind as a squirrel’s tail. As it grows -older, the lower branches are gradually -dropped and the upper ones thinned out, -until comparatively few are left. The -immensely strong, stately shafts are free -of limbs for one hundred and fifty feet or -so. The large limbs reach out with equal -boldness in every direction, showing no -weather side, and no other tree has foliage -so densely massed, so finely molded in -outline, and so perfectly subordinate to an -ideal type. A particularly knotty, angular, -ungovernable-looking branch, from -five to seven or eight feet in diameter, -and perhaps a thousand years old, may -occasionally be seen pushing out from -the trunk as if determined to break across -the bounds of the regular curve, but like -all the others it dissolves in bosses of -branchlets and sprays as soon as the general -outline is approached. Except in picturesque -old age, after being struck by -lightning or broken by thousands of snow-storms, -the regularity of forms is one of -their most distinguishing characteristics. -Another is the simple beauty of the trunk, -and its great thickness as compared with -its height and the width of the branches, -which makes them look more like finely -modeled and sculptured architectural columns -than the stems of trees, while the -great limbs look like rafters, supporting -the magnificent dome-head. But though -so consummately beautiful, the Big Tree -always seems unfamiliar, with peculiar -physiognomy, awfully solemn and earnest; -yet with all its strangeness it impresses us -as being more at home than any of its -neighbors, holding the best right to the -ground as the oldest, strongest inhabitant.”</p> - -<p>The Mariposa Grove—which was discovered -in 1857 by Galen Clark—lies in a -little valley occupying a depression on the -back of a ridge. The Lower Grove contains -240 fine Big Trees. The Grizzly -Giant is the largest of all. It has a circumference -of ninety-three feet and a -diameter of thirty and six-tenths feet. -Its main limb is six and one-half feet -in diameter. This tree is very much -injured, and its size has been decreased -by burning. It has long since passed -its prime, and has a battered and worn -appearance.</p> - -<p>In ascending to the Upper Grove the -road goes through a tunnel cut through -the heart of the “Wawona,” a living Sequoia. -This tunnel is ten feet high and -nine and one-half feet wide at the bottom.</p> - -<p>The Upper Grove contains 360 Big -Trees, averaging in age about 2,500 years. -About ten of the trees exceed 250 feet in -height. Three of these have a circumference -of over ninety feet.</p> - -<p>The bark of the largest trees is from -one to two feet thick. Toward the end of -winter the trees bloom, while the snow is -still eight or ten feet deep. The flowers -are pale green and pale yellow. The seeds -are small and light. The cones remain on -the tree for many years.</p> - -<p>The Big Trees might live forever. There -is no absolute limit to their existence. -Death is due only to an accident. The -leaves alone die of old age, and these are -renewed.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br /> -ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br /> -COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="center larger">THE MENTOR · DEPARTMENT OF TRAVEL · OCT. 2, 1916</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> - -<img src="images/illus15.jpg" width="500" height="237" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p> - -<p class="caption">EL PORTAL</p> - -<p class="caption">The terminal of the railroad. From here a run of 10 miles is made up Merced Canyon to Yosemite Valley</p> - -</div> - -<h2>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</h2> - -<p class="center">By DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF</p> - -<p class="center"><i>Lecturer and Traveler</i></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;"> -<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<div class="container"> - -<p class="center"><i>MENTOR COLOR PLATES</i></p> - -<ul> -<li>CATHEDRAL SPIRES</li> -<li>YOSEMITE FALLS</li> -<li>EL CAPITAN</li> -<li>HALF DOME</li> -<li>THREE BROTHERS</li> -<li>VIEW FROM GLACIER POINT TRAIL</li> -</ul> - -</div> - -<p class="center smaller">Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1913, at the postoffice at New York, N. Y., under the act of March 3, 1879. Copyright, 1916, -by The Mentor Association, Inc.</p> - -<div> -<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-italic-r.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p class="dropcap">Rest here for a time by the side of the Merced River while -I tell you something of this peaceful, lovely valley. Look -over to that further cliff and watch the silver stream of the -Yosemite descend in three gleaming white steps from the -summit of rock 2,600 feet above us to the meadow level -where we stand. In its first flight of 1,430 feet it falls a third -of that distance in a snowy column, then turns to wreathing smoke, through -which many glistening darts shoot down to the rocky basin below. Here the -misty elements are resolved again into water, and the stream tumbles frothing -through rocks to its second flight, then on to the lower fall of 320 feet, -when it dashes on a bed of boulders and hurries to join the Merced River.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus16a.jpg" width="400" height="267" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">THE GATE TO -THE VALLEY</p> - -<p class="caption">Bridal Veil Falls -at right of picture</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus17a.jpg" width="400" height="247" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">VIEW FROM -INSPIRATION -POINT</p> - -<p class="caption">Bridal Veil Falls -in the distance at -right of picture</p> - -</div> - -</div> - -<p>It is an ever present sight in the heart of the Valley, and our eyes turn to -it frequently during the hours of daylight. And, all through the night, we -hear the hushing sound of its falling waters as it whispers to us of the many -beautiful things that Nature has given us in this valley of enchantment.</p> - -<p>So you see Yosemite in midsummer. Then its fall is almost as -fairy-like as that of Bridal Veil. But in April and May, when it pours -down the accumulation of the winter snows, it is a foaming torrent, -and its tone is deep and strong.</p> - -<p>The Yosemite has been gradually disclosing its features to us since -early morning. The first impression that we experience as we leave -the town of Merced is one of steady ascent into a narrow gorge, through -which a busy, turbulent stream—the Merced River—pursues its course. -The train labors sturdily up until it reaches El Portal, where there is a -pause at the hotel for lunch. Then the trip is resumed in auto buses -that take us on up through a valley, winding and narrowing into a notch -that seems at times as if it would end in sheer walls of rock. But, in -the course of an hour or more the way broadens, and we find wider -stretches, wooded with tall pines and stately sequoias.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 300px;"> - -<img src="images/illus16b.jpg" width="300" height="269" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">MERCED CANYON</p> - -<p class="caption">The approach to the Valley</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 300px;"> - -<img src="images/illus17b.jpg" width="300" height="272" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">MIRROR LAKE</p> - -<p class="caption">As seen in the early morning</p> - -</div> - -</div> - -<p>Then we catch a glimpse of Elephant Rock, of Cathedral Spires, of -the delicate lacery of Bridal Veil -Falls, and, opposite, the massive bulk -of El Capitan. Soon the slender, -swanlike neck of Yosemite Falls -appears, and we roll through Camp -Awahnee and out into the wide, -level vale where Yosemite Village -rests. Here we draw a long breath, -and a sense of peace and contentment -takes possession of us—a feeling of -complete isolation from the world of -care and trouble. There is something -so intimate and friendly—so -“homey”—about the wide, green -meadow that stretches before us -from the banks of the fast flowing -Merced to the wood at the foot of Yosemite Falls. Around this level -mead the camps cluster; Yosemite, El Capitan, and Lost Arrow camps -close to the base of the falls, quiet Camp Awahnee by the roadside -across the river, and busy Camp Curry a mile east of the village and -just below Glacier Point.</p> - -<h3><i>Yosemite National Park</i></h3> - -<p>We are now in the very center of Yosemite Valley—though not of -Yosemite National Park. Do not mistake the part for the whole. The -Yosemite National Park—created a park October 1, 1890—is a huge tract -of land, 1,124 square miles in area. It contains many valleys, mountains, -streams, lakes, and waterfalls. Its vast territory has been explored by -countless travelers, and it is the -favorite playground of the Sierra -Club—a body of hardy and adventurous -men and women trampers, -campers, and mountain climbers.</p> - -<p>The particular gem of the Yosemite -National Park is our dearly treasured -Yosemite Valley, seven miles in length—and -that is what we have come to -visit. When we arrive there we reach -a high elevation. The floor of the Valley -is 4,000 feet above sea level, and on -all sides the mountains rise to heights -varying from 3,000 to 6,000 feet more. -The highest point in the Valley is the -summit of Cloud’s Rest, which is -nearly 10,000 feet above sea level.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus18a.jpg" width="400" height="254" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p> - -<p class="caption">FORMER DAYS</p> - -<p class="caption">Four-horse stage in front of the old Sentinel Hotel. Yosemite Falls in the background</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus19a.jpg" width="400" height="248" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p> - -<p class="caption">THE PRESENT DAY</p> - -<p class="caption">Automobiles everywhere. There is even a “jitney” service in the Valley</p> - -</div> - -</div> - -<p>And, now that we are here, you ask: “What -is this valley, and how did it come to be?” There -are several geological explanations of it, varying -in character. Prof. J. D. Whitney, the first scientist -to study the Sierra, thought that the Yosemite -was “the result of the sinking of a local block -of the earth’s crust having the exact outlines of -the Valley,” and he denied that glacial action had -anything to do with it. But the generally accepted -explanation is that the Valley was once a tortuous -river canyon cut by the Merced River, and -that the cutting work of this stream was done so -fast that the “tributary valleys soon remained -hanging high on either side.” Then the canyon -became the bed of great glaciers which, in -moving, “scooped” the Valley into its present -form. This, of course, was a matter of hundreds of thousands of years.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 177px;"> - -<img src="images/illus18b.jpg" width="177" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">EVENING PRIMROSES</p> - -<p class="caption">Half Dome at the back</p> - -</div> - -<p>Accepting that explanation as correct, many of the natural conditions -that we find in the Valley are easy to understand—such as the -smooth polished surfaces of El Capitan and Half Dome.</p> - -<p>And now you ask: “What is there to do and see?” It is a valley of -varied diversions. There are many things to do and many beautiful spots -to visit, and you may choose according to your tastes and your physical -ability. Are you a sturdy tramper? You may -take your pack and staff and assail the mountain -citadels that challenge you on every side. Do you -love the saddle? You can find bridle paths that -will lead you through the cool, dense woods, by -lakesides, to the foot of waterfalls, and up to the -summits. Are you unequal to the exertion of -tramping or riding? The joys of the Yosemite are -yours none the less, for high powered auto cars -will carry you in comfort to the points of greatest -interest in the Valley, out to the groves of giant -trees, and even up to the supreme commanding -spot of all—Glacier Point.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 170px;"> - -<img src="images/illus19b.jpg" width="170" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">WINTER SCENE</p> - -<p class="caption">Half Dome in white</p> - -</div> - -<p>You may take in the Yosemite as a visiting -tourist, in which five or six days may suffice you for -sightseeing, or you may settle down as a camper or -hotel guest, in which case days and weeks slip -by, and you soon lose all sense of time in the sweet repose of the Valley. -For the greater number a touring visit is all that is possible. You tell -me that you are here for a few days. How may you best occupy them? -It is not necessary for me to answer your question in detail, for the affairs -of the Valley have been systematized in a most businesslike fashion, and -all such information is ready to hand. You can obtain schedules of trips -for two, three, four, and on up to nine and ten days. The United States -Government has done and is doing a good work in developing this great -natural recreation park, and all the Government asks of us is that we -will take advantage of it. The attitude of Uncle Sam is expressed in the -legends posted on trees throughout the Valley, all of which mean in -substance: “This beautiful park is yours. Help us to preserve it and -make it attractive.”</p> - -<h3><i>Evening in the Valley</i></h3> - -<p>We have come up from Merced in the morning, and we have arrived -in the Valley at three o’clock. Let us make the most of the remainder of -this fair summer afternoon. We walk out across the green meadow for -a closer view of Yosemite Falls. The shadows of El Capitan and the -Three Brothers are already creeping over the valley, and the air has a -touch of evening cool as we enter the woods. The walk is longer than -we thought. The tall, sheer cliffs make the falls seem nearer than they -are. At length, after pursuing the path for some distance through the -woods, we come upon an open spot from which we can gaze up and -drink in the beauty of the three white leaps of water. This is the favorite -spot—the choice viewpoint of artists and photographers. A short -climb brings us to the foot of the lower falls, and there we rest and watch -the seething basin while the soft mist plays upon our faces. The woods -about us are in deep shadow and odorous of pine. Above us goes the -trail that leads up through a narrow -gorge to a point at the summit of -the falls. We are seated in the very -sanctuary of the Yosemite. It is an -hour to remember.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 290px;"> - -<img src="images/illus20.jpg" width="290" height="400" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">THE ZIG ZAG</p> - -<p class="caption">On the Glacier Point Trail</p> - -</div> - -<p>On returning, we pause a moment -by the roadside on the meadow at the -concrete bench placed there in memory -of Galen Clark, a lover and student -of the Yosemite, and discoverer -of the giant trees of the Mariposa -Grove. Galen Clark apparently drew -vitality from his aged tree friends, -for he lived to be 96 years old. He -is buried in the Valley, and the concrete -bench is placed on the spot -where he frequently sat to gaze on -the falls. Though it is now evening -and the sun has disappeared, the -Valley is suffused with soft reflected -light from the huge flat, mirror-like -face of Half Dome. In the course of -an hour the golden glow on that great -oval surface of rock far above us turns to -shimmering silver, and then to a ghostly -gray that finally gives way to night.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus21b.jpg" width="400" height="214" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">GLACIER POINT HOTEL AND CAMP</p> - -<p class="caption">3,254 feet above the Valley and 7,250 feet above sea level</p> - -</div> - -<h3><i>Mirror Lake and Happy Isles</i></h3> - -<p>In the early morning let us go to Mirror -Lake. This beautiful little sheet of water -lies not far from the village and in a natural -bowl at the foot of Half Dome and -Mount Watkins. The mirror effects are best -seen in the early hours shortly after sunrise.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 284px;"> - -<img src="images/illus21a.jpg" width="284" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p> - -<p class="caption">A FOREST FRIEND</p> - -<p class="caption">He prefers sweets, but he will accept eagerly -any form of nourishment—and he does not -scorn tobacco</p> - -</div> - -<p>On the way back stop for a half hour -at Happy Isles. That brief visit will not -suffice you, for you will find time, even in -a short stay in the Yosemite, to slip away -for several half hours to the quiet shades and laughing waters of Happy -Isles. The Merced has woven a necklace of sparkling waves about these -little wooded islands, and made of them an ideal retreat for a sunny afternoon. -If you rest there late in the day look for the dainty little water -bird that John Muir calls the “water-ouzel.” I watched one for an hour -on the lower island. He has his nest close to the surface of the stream, -and he plays joyously, half in and half out of the water, part time -flitting over the spray, and part time dipping under, until his sleek -gray-black coat shines like satin.</p> - -<p>There are trails and roads in all directions. What will you choose? -Since you have now seen Happy Isles, go on to the foot of Vernal Falls. -You have simply to follow the path past Happy -Isles, and go on up the Merced River. It will -repay you, for Vernal Falls is a beautiful down-pour -of water, 317 feet in height. And, while you -are following this trail, go on still further till you -reach Nevada Falls, the most impressive of all the -cataracts in the Park. Its height is 594 feet, and -the volume of water that it pours exceeds that of -any of the others. If you would get an adequate -impression of its power, climb to the top of Nevada -Falls and look down. You will not forget the sight.</p> - -<p>If you love fishing, you would do well to take -your rod on such a trip, for trout can be found -in the pools of the Merced. If fishing is your main -object, follow the trail on up to Merced Lake, where -you may be assured of finding a full day’s sport.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 161px;"> - -<img src="images/illus22a.jpg" width="161" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">“WINKEY” AT GLACIER POINT</p> - -</div> - -<p>If, however, tramping and climbing are your -choice, you can continue from Nevada Falls and -go on one or the other of two splendidly adventurous -trails—either turning -up to the left to climb -the summit of Cloud’s Rest -or Half Dome, or winding -to the right to reach far-famed -Glacier Point. If -you take the latter trail -you will catch a fine view -of Illilouette Falls, a beautiful -cataract 370 feet in -height, seen only by hardy -climbers.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> - -<img src="images/illus22b.jpg" width="300" height="192" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">CAMP CURRY</p> - -</div> - -<h3><i>Glacier Point</i></h3> - -<p>You may not be equal -to such a climb. If so, save Glacier Point for a special trip—on muleback -if you can stand it; if not, then go up the road in an auto car. There -are a number of ways of scaling Glacier Point. I have mentioned one -trail. The bridle trail goes up the long way and comes down the short—all -done in one day if one chooses. This trail offers many scenic beauties -and some real thrills for those unaccustomed to dizzy heights. The -shortest way of all is what is called the “ledge trail,” which starts near -Camp Curry, directly underneath Glacier Point, and goes pretty nearly -straight up. This calls for the sturdiest kind of climbing—and some nerve.</p> - -<p>“All very well,” exclaims the timorous, “but for me, the auto car.” -And, indeed, the auto car trip offers many advantages besides comfort -and ease. The road for part of the way is the one that you take to -Wawona and the big trees. You pass Artists’ Point -and Inspiration Point, both of them affording -lovely views. Then you turn off and pursue a -course along the mountain ridge for miles. There, -7,000 feet in altitude, you wind through magnificent -woods of pine and sequoia that line out -majestic cathedral naves before you. The somber -shadows that envelop you are shot through with -golden beams of light. Occasionally you come -upon rich green, natural open meadows, where -wild flowers abound. A black or brown bear may -cross your path. He is a well-behaved citizen, -and he will accept appreciatively any nourishment -that you offer him.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 160px;"> - -<img src="images/illus23a.jpg" width="160" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">WINTER AT GLACIER POINT</p> - -</div> - -<p>You may go to Glacier Point and back by auto -car in one day, but I advise staying over night. -By all means see the sunset and sunrise from -Glacier Point—and then you will feel that you -really know the Valley. It lies there like a map -below you. Opposite you -rise the great heights of -El Capitan, Three Brothers, -Yosemite Point, North -Dome, Basket Dome, and -Watkins. The Tenaya -Canyon stretches off to the -northeast. To your right -rise the peak of Cloud’s -Rest and the bald head of -Half Dome, and below -them, still further to the -right, is the Little Yosemite -Valley, down which -pour the torrents of Nevada -and Vernal Falls. Both cataracts are in sight from where you stand, and -you can plainly hear the sound of their waters. And beyond all these, -and stretching far away to the horizon, are the snow-capped summits of -the High Sierra. Beneath you, 3,200 feet down, lies the floor of the -Valley. And, as the shadows of night gather, the lights of the village and -the camps twinkle there like reflected stars.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> - -<img src="images/illus23b.jpg" width="400" height="253" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">SKATING ON THE MERCED</p> - -</div> - -<h3><i>The Giant Trees</i></h3> - -<p>There are three groves of giant sequoias in the Yosemite region—the -Tuolomne, the Merced, and the Mariposa—and they are visited by -almost everyone who goes to the Yosemite Valley. The Tuolomne and -Merced groves may be seen in a single day’s trip, for they are not -far apart and neither of them is large. The -Merced Grove contains forty giants, the Tuolomne -twenty, the chief of which is the Dead -Giant. Cars drive through this monster just -as they do through the Wawona tree in the -Mariposa Grove. The ride to the Tuolomne -Grove is very picturesque and thrilling, offering -one special point of advantage—New Inspiration -Point, from which, in the afternoon, -Bridal Veil Falls may be seen playing through -constantly shifting rainbows.</p> - -<p>Mariposa Grove was discovered in 1857, -and is the largest grove of its kind in the world. -It contains more than five hundred monster -sequoias, the largest of which is the famous -Grizzly Giant, 204 feet in height and about 30 -feet in diameter at the base. You may be told -that this is the largest tree in the world. That -is not true. There are several larger sequoias. -The General Grant tree in General Grant Park -is 264 feet in height and nearly 35 feet in diameter. The largest known -tree is the General Sherman in the Sequoia National Park, which measures -280 feet high and is 36 feet and 5 inches in diameter at the base.</p> - -<p>You may be told also that these great trees are seven and even eight -thousand years old. Take that statement with consideration. The -sequoias are very hardy vegetables, and are undoubtedly the oldest -things living, but the -scientists tell us that -the veteran trees run -in age from 1,500 to -2,500 years, and that -the oldest tree, of -whose age record -there is no question, -is somewhat over -3,000 years old. John -Muir states that he -has found one tree -for which he claims -an age of 4,000 years.</p> - -<div class="figcenter"> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;"> - -<img src="images/illus24a.jpg" width="181" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">ILLILOUETTE FALLS</p> - -<p class="caption">370 feet in height</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;"> - -<img src="images/illus24b.jpg" width="193" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">VERNAL FALLS</p> - -<p class="caption">317 feet in height</p> - -</div> - -<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;"> - -<img src="images/illus24c.jpg" width="193" height="300" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">NEVADA FALLS</p> - -<p class="caption">594 feet in height</p> - -</div> - -</div> - -<p>But a matter of a -thousand years or so -does not detract from -the dignity of these -majestic forest Sons -of Anak. Their age and size are -enough to command our reverence, -and no one should visit the -Yosemite without going to the -groves to pay respect to these -ancient monarchs.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> - -<img src="images/illus25.jpg" width="300" height="236" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p> - -<p class="caption">THE WAWONA TREE, MARIPOSA GROVE</p> - -<p class="caption">In front of the tree stands Galen Clark, who discovered the -Mariposa Grove of Big Trees in 1857</p> - -</div> - -<p>You must visit the Mariposa -Grove at least, and I urge you to -give it a special day. You can -ride over and return to Yosemite -in one day, but I would advise -you, in case your visit is a brief -one, to save the grove for the last -day. Ride to Wawona the afternoon -before and stay at that restful -little spot overnight. Then -visit the grove in the morning, and after that go on to Miami Lodge, -and down through the mountains, and across the rich San Joaquin Valley -to Fresno, where you can end your trip and reach the main railroad lines.</p> - -<p>But let me not usher you out of the Valley in this manner. Let me -rather urge you to remain. A taste of camp life will surely convince -you if my words do not. Camp life is one of the most delightful features -of the Yosemite. Camp facilities and conveniences have been arranged -to suit every person and every purse. You may enter one of the regularly -organized camps, or you may obtain a permit and pitch your own -tent in a specially selected spot.</p> - -<p>To those who plan to settle for a time in the Park the camps make a -strong appeal. Camp life is a refreshing change from conventional -things, and the heart grows younger under it.</p> - -<p>The peculiar charm of the Yosemite is the “nearness and dearness” -of its features, and it is through camp life that we come to feel this charm. -It is not long before El Capitan, the Bridal Veil, the Three Brothers, -the Three Graces and Half Dome become objects of fond affection, and -the whole Valley appears to be a vast playground especially prepared by -Nature to delight the hearts of her children.</p> - -<h3><i>SUPPLEMENTARY READING</i></h3> - -<table summary="Books"> - <tr> - <td>GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING YOSEMITE PARK</td><td class="tdr"><i>Issued by the U. S. Government</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>SKETCH OF YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</td><td class="tdr"><i>By F. E. Matthes</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>DISCOVERY OF THE YOSEMITE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By H. L. Bunnell</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>YOSEMITE TRAILS</td><td class="tdr"><i>By J. S. Chase</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</td><td class="tdr"><i>By Galen Clark</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>YOSEMITE SOUVENIR AND GUIDE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By D. J. Foley</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>OUR NATIONAL PARKS</td><td class="tdr"><i>By John Muir</i></td> - </tr> - <tr> - <td>THE YOSEMITE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By John Muir</i></td> - </tr> -</table> - -<p class="center smaller">⁂ Information concerning the above books may be had on application to the Editor of The Mentor.</p> - -<hr /> - -<div class="chapter2"> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 30px;"> -<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 30px;"> -<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<h2 class="clearnone">THE OPEN LETTER</h2> - -</div> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> - -<img src="images/illus26.jpg" width="500" height="270" alt="" /> - -<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p> - -<p class="caption">THE LAUGHING WATERS OF HAPPY ISLES</p> - -</div> - -<p>In some scenery there is an element of -awe—a grimness that makes us shudder. -The charm of the Yosemite is that, with -all its scenic splendor it is so serenely -beautiful, so restful in character, and so -endearing. There is no lack of majesty. -Lofty summits surround us—some of -them stern in aspect. El Capitan is a -vast, beetling cliff, the Three Brothers -are grim granite companions, and the -peak of Cloud’s Rest is remote and austere. -But, down in the valley, all is gentle -and lovely.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> -<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<p>I have visited the valley more than -once, and I know its spell. Its soothing -influence dulls the edge of decision. However -energetic and purposeful we may be -on arrival, we find, after a few days, that -we have, quite unconsciously, eaten of -the lotus of forgetfulness. Plans for -various strenuous activities are modified; -things that at first seemed urgent are -postponed; and the day of departure -drops into the list of life’s little uncertainties. -Events take their own course; we -yield to the current. Yesterday we followed -the mountain trail, and we were -full of the stir and thrill of it. Today -we find other and quieter joys. So we -let the climbers now call us indolent. We -let them take to the summits while we -hold to the valley. We are content. The -flowers that offer themselves at our feet -are as fair as those that they find on the -heights. The air about us is soft and -fragrant, and “sweet is the whisper of the -pine trees by the river.” Our hearts are -in unison with the pastoral poet, and we -ask for nothing better today than to -rest here and dream in the Happy Isles.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;"> -<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" /> -</div> - -<p>The valley is undergoing changes and -improvements. The conditions there -have always been very simple. Within -recent years the government, realizing -that the Yosemite was a wonderful -natural playground, has done much to -develop it. If a visitor of former years -should go to the Yosemite today, he -would rub his eyes and exclaim at the -changes. He would find the old Sentinel -Hotel and cottages superseded by the -luxurious new hotel, and the village -largely transplanted to the other side of -the Merced. In place of the old-fashioned -stages, he would find the ever-present -auto-car. He would find the Glacier -Point Hotel renewed and enlarged, and -many improvements in the valley camps. -He would find well-equipped lodges and -chalets scattered through the Park for -the comfort of those who take the long, -arduous trails. The Yosemite is now an -all-year-round resort, where winter as well -as summer sport may be enjoyed. Uncle -Sam’s invitation is: “Come to your -pleasure Park, forget your cares for a -while, and rest and -play.”</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;"> -<img src="images/signature.jpg" width="200" height="94" alt="(signature)" /> -<p class="caption">W. D. Moffat<br /> -<span class="smcap">Editor</span></p> -</div> - -<hr /> - -<div class="bbox-dashed"> - -<p class="center larger"><span class="smcap">The Mentor Association</span></p> - -<div class="blockquote"> - -<p class="noindent">ESTABLISHED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POPULAR INTEREST -IN ART, LITERATURE, SCIENCE, HISTORY, NATURE, AND TRAVEL</p> - -</div> - -<p class="noindent">CONTRIBUTORS—PROF. JOHN C. VAN DYKE, HAMILTON W. MABIE, PROF. ALBERT -BUSHNELL HART, REAR ADMIRAL ROBERT E. PEARY, WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, DWIGHT L. -ELMENDORF, HENRY T. FINCK, WILLIAM WINTER, ESTHER SINGLETON, PROF. G. W. BOTSFORD, -IDA M. TARBELL, GUSTAV KOBBÉ, DEAN C. WORCESTER, JOHN K. MUMFORD, W. J. -HOLLAND, LORADO TAFT, KENYON COX, E. H. FORBUSH, H. E. KREHBIEL, SAMUEL ISHAM, -BURGES JOHNSON, STEPHEN BONSAL, JAMES HUNEKER, W. J. HENDERSON, AND OTHERS.</p> - -<p class="noindent">The purpose of The Mentor Association is to give its members, in an -interesting and attractive way, the information in various fields of -knowledge which everybody wants to have. The information is imparted -by interesting reading matter, prepared under the direction of leading -authorities, and by beautiful pictures, produced by the most highly perfected -modern processes.</p> - -<p class="center">THE MENTOR IS PUBLISHED TWICE A MONTH</p> - -<p class="noindent">BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC., AT 52 EAST NINETEENTH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y. -SUBSCRIPTION, THREE DOLLARS A YEAR. FOREIGN POSTAGE 75 CENTS EXTRA. CANADIAN -POSTAGE 50 CENTS EXTRA. SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS. PRESIDENT, THOMAS -H. BECK; VICE-PRESIDENT, WALTER P. TEN EYCK; SECRETARY, W. D. MOFFAT; TREASURER, -ROBERT M. DONALDSON; ASST. TREASURER AND ASST. SECRETARY, J. S. CAMPBELL</p> - -<hr /> - -<p class="center larger">COMPLETE YOUR MENTOR LIBRARY</p> - -<p class="center">Subscriptions always begin with the current issue. The following numbers of The Mentor Course, -already issued, will be sent postpaid at the rate of fifteen cents each.</p> - -<ul> -<li>Serial<br /> -No.</li> -<li>1. Beautiful Children In Art</li> -<li>2. Makers of American Poetry</li> -<li>3. Washington, the Capital</li> -<li>4. Beautiful Women in Art</li> -<li>5. Romantic Ireland</li> -<li>6. Masters of Music</li> -<li>7. Natural Wonders of America</li> -<li>8. Pictures We Love to Live With</li> -<li>9. The Conquest of the Peaks</li> -<li>10. Scotland, the Land of Song and Scenery</li> -<li>11. Cherubs in Art</li> -<li>12. Statues With a Story</li> -<li>13. Story of America in Pictures: The Discoverers</li> -<li>14. London</li> -<li>15. The Story of Panama</li> -<li>16. American Birds of Beauty</li> -<li>17. Dutch Masterpieces</li> -<li>18. Paris, the Incomparable</li> -<li>19. Flowers of Decoration</li> -<li>20. Makers of American Humor</li> -<li>21. American Sea Painters</li> -<li>22. Story of America in Pictures: The Explorers</li> -<li>23. Sporting Vacations</li> -<li>24. Switzerland: The Land of Scenic Splendors</li> -<li>25. American Novelists</li> -<li>26. American Landscape Painters</li> -<li>27. Venice, the Island City</li> -<li>28. The Wife in Art</li> -<li>29. Great American Inventors</li> -<li>30. Furniture and Its Makers</li> -<li>31. Spain and Gibraltar</li> -<li>32. Historic Spots of America</li> -<li>33. Beautiful Buildings of the World</li> -<li>34. Game Birds of America</li> -<li>35. Story of America in Pictures: The Contest for North America</li> -<li>36. Famous American Sculptors</li> -<li>37. The Conquest of the Poles</li> -<li>38. Napoleon</li> -<li>39. The Mediterranean</li> -<li>40. Angels in Art</li> -<li>41. Famous Composers</li> -<li>42. Egypt, the Land of Mystery</li> -<li>43. Story of America in Pictures: The Revolution</li> -<li>44. Famous English Poets</li> -<li>45. Makers of American Art</li> -<li>46. The Ruins of Rome</li> -<li>47. Makers of Modern Opera</li> -<li>48. Dürer and Holbein</li> -<li>49. Vienna, the Queen City</li> -<li>50. Ancient Athens</li> -<li>51. The Barbizon Painters</li> -<li>52. Abraham Lincoln</li> -<li>53. George Washington</li> -<li>54. Mexico</li> -<li>55. Famous American Women Painters</li> -<li>56. The Conquest of the Air</li> -<li>57. Court Painters of France</li> -<li>58. Holland</li> -<li>59. Our Feathered Friends</li> -<li>60. Glacier National Park</li> -<li>61. Michelangelo</li> -<li>62. American Colonial Furniture</li> -<li>63. American Wild Flowers</li> -<li>64. Gothic Architecture</li> -<li>65. The Story of the Rhine</li> -<li>66. Shakespeare</li> -<li>67. American Mural Painters</li> -<li>68. Celebrated Animal Characters</li> -<li>69. Japan</li> -<li>70. The Story of the French Revolution</li> -<li>71. Rugs and Rug Making</li> -<li>72. Alaska</li> -<li>73. Charles Dickens</li> -<li>74. Grecian Masterpieces</li> -<li>75. Fathers of the Constitution</li> -<li>76. Masters of the Piano</li> -<li>77. American Historic Homes</li> -<li>78. Beauty Spots of India</li> -<li>79. Etchers and Etching</li> -<li>80. Oliver Cromwell</li> -<li>81. China</li> -<li>82. Favorite Trees</li> -<li>83. Yellowstone National Park</li> -<li>84. Famous Women Writers of England</li> -<li>85. Painters of Western Life</li> -<li>86. China and Pottery of Our Forefathers</li> -<li>87. The Story of The American Railroad</li> -<li>88. Butterflies</li> -<li>89. The Philippines</li> -<li>90. Great Galleries of The World: The Louvre</li> -<li>91. William M. Thackeray</li> -<li>92. Grand Canyon of Arizona</li> -<li>93. Architecture in American Country Homes</li> -<li>94. The Story of The Danube</li> -<li>95. Animals in Art</li> -<li>96. The Holy Land</li> -<li>97. John Milton</li> -<li>98. Joan Of Arc</li> -<li>99. Furniture of the Revolutionary Period</li> -<li>100. The Ring of the Nibelung</li> -<li>101. The Golden Age of Greece</li> -<li>102. Chinese Rugs</li> -<li>103. The War of 1812</li> -<li>104. Great Galleries of the World: The National Gallery, London</li> -<li>105. Masters of the Violin</li> -<li>106. American Pioneer Prose Writers</li> -<li>107. Old Silver</li> -<li>108. Shakespeare’s Country</li> -<li>109. Historic Gardens of New England</li> -<li>110. The Weather</li> -<li>111. American Poets of the Soil</li> -<li>112. Argentina</li> -<li>113. Game Animals of America</li> -<li>114. Raphael</li> -<li>115. Walter Scott</li> -</ul> - -<p class="center">NUMBERS TO FOLLOW</p> - -<p class="hanging">October 16. JOHN PAUL JONES. <i>By Professor -Albert Bushnell Hart, Harvard University.</i></p> - -<p class="hanging">November 1. RUSSIAN MUSIC. <i>By Henry T. -Finck, Author and Music Critic.</i></p> - -<p class="center">THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p> - -<p class="center smaller">52 EAST 19th STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.</p> - -</div> - -<hr /> - -<div class="bordered2"> - -<p class="center larger">THE MENTOR</p> - -<p class="center"><i>WE OFFER YOU<br /> -<span class="larger">The Mentor Index FREE</span></i></p> - -</div> - -<p class="noindent">The MENTOR LIBRARY is itself a wonderful time -saver. The Index, however, has now made it doubly -valuable. Suppose, for instance, you have a letter -to write, a speech to make; some member of your -household has a paper for a woman’s club; one of the -children has a topic assigned at school; where can material -be found at a moment’s notice? Nowhere that we know of -so readily, so concisely, so interestingly, as in this Index -to The Mentor Library.</p> - -<p class="noindent">Take the subject General Aguinaldo—who is often referred -to in the papers these days. 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