summaryrefslogtreecommitdiff
path: root/old/52131-h
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'old/52131-h')
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/52131-h.htm2705
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/back.jpgbin92936 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/book.jpgbin965 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/cover.jpgbin84225 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/dropcap-italic-r.jpgbin4076 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-a.jpgbin5549 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-f.jpgbin5315 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-i.jpgbin5652 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-t.jpgbin6256 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/flower.jpgbin787 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus15.jpgbin28404 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus16a.jpgbin20286 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus16b.jpgbin16110 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus17a.jpgbin19496 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus17b.jpgbin17645 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus18a.jpgbin27055 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus18b.jpgbin15303 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus19a.jpgbin28107 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus19b.jpgbin13297 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus20.jpgbin33317 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus21a.jpgbin17186 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus21b.jpgbin21211 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus22a.jpgbin10968 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus22b.jpgbin17071 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus23a.jpgbin10821 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus23b.jpgbin21471 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus24a.jpgbin14912 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus24b.jpgbin12661 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus24c.jpgbin12218 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus25.jpgbin19969 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/illus26.jpgbin24328 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/leaf-double.jpgbin2530 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate1.jpgbin71532 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate2.jpgbin86696 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate3.jpgbin74677 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate4.jpgbin70359 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate5.jpgbin85733 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/plate6.jpgbin92189 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/signature.jpgbin6293 -> 0 bytes
-rw-r--r--old/52131-h/images/stars.jpgbin1111 -> 0 bytes
40 files changed, 0 insertions, 2705 deletions
diff --git a/old/52131-h/52131-h.htm b/old/52131-h/52131-h.htm
deleted file mode 100644
index 2c2e321..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/52131-h.htm
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2705 +0,0 @@
-<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
- "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
- <head>
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8" />
- <meta http-equiv="Content-Style-Type" content="text/css" />
- <title>
- The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Mentor 1916.10.02, No. 116, The Yosemite Valley, by Dwight L. Elmendorf.
- </title>
-
- <link rel="coverpage" href="images/cover.jpg" />
-
-<style type="text/css">
-
-a {
- text-decoration: none;
-}
-
-body {
- margin-left: 10%;
- margin-right: 10%;
-}
-
-h1,h2 {
- text-align: center;
- clear: both;
-}
-
-h3 {
- text-align: center;
-}
-
-hr {
- width: 65%;
- margin-left: 17.5%;
- margin-right: 17.5%;
- margin-top: 2em;
- margin-bottom: 2em;
- clear: both;
-}
-
-img.dropcap {
- float: left;
- margin: 0 0.5em 0 0;
-}
-
-p {
- margin-top: 0.5em;
- text-align: justify;
- margin-bottom: 0.5em;
- text-indent: 1em;
-}
-
-p.dropcap {
- text-indent: 0em;
-}
-
-p.dropcap:first-letter {
- color: transparent;
- visibility: hidden;
- margin-left: -0.9em;
-}
-
-table {
- max-width: 40em;
- margin: auto;
- border-collapse: collapse;
-}
-
-ul {
- list-style-type: none;
- display: inline-block;
- text-align: left;
-}
-
-.bbox {
- border: solid 2px;
- padding: 1em;
- margin-top: 2em;
- width: 25em;
- margin-left: auto;
- margin-right: auto;
-}
-
-.bbox-dashed {
- border: dashed 2px;
- padding: 1em;
- margin-top: 2em;
- width: 35em;
- margin-left: auto;
- margin-right: auto;
-}
-
-.blockquote {
- margin-left: 10%;
- margin-right: 10%;
- margin-top: 1.5em;
-}
-
-.bordered2 {
- width: 100%;
- border-bottom: double;
-}
-
-.bordered3 {
- width: 100%;
- border-top: double;
-}
-
-.caption {
- text-align: center;
- margin-bottom: 1em;
- text-indent: 0em;
- font-size: 90%;
-}
-
-.captionleft {
- text-align: left;
- text-indent: 0em;
- font-size: 80%;
-}
-
-.center {
- text-align: center;
- text-indent: 0em;
-}
-
-.chapter {
- width: 100%;
- border-top: double;
- border-bottom: solid thin;
- margin-top: 2em;
- page-break-before: always;
-}
-
-.chapter2 {
- width: 100%;
- border-top: solid 2px;
- border-bottom: solid 2px;
- margin-top: 2em;
- page-break-before: always;
-}
-
-.clearnone {
- clear: none;
-}
-
-.container {
- text-align: center;
-}
-
-.container ul {
- text-align: center;
- margin-top: 0;
-}
-
-.container li {
- display: inline-block;
- margin: 0.25em 0.5em 0.25em 0.5em;
-}
-
-.figcenter {
- margin: auto;
- text-align: center;
- margin-top: 2em;
-}
-
-.figleft {
- float: left;
- clear: left;
- margin-left: 0;
- margin-bottom: 1em;
- margin-top: 1em;
- margin-right: 1em;
- padding: 0;
- text-align: center;
-}
-
-.figmulti {
- margin-left: 1em;
- display: inline-block;
- vertical-align: top;
-}
-
-.figright {
- float: right;
- clear: right;
- margin-left: 1em;
- margin-bottom: 1em;
- margin-top: 1em;
- margin-right: 0;
- padding: 0;
- text-align: center;
-}
-
-.gesperrt {
- letter-spacing: 0.2em;
- margin-right: -0.2em;
-}
-
-.hanging {
- padding-left: 4em;
- text-indent: -2em;
-}
-
-.noindent {
- text-indent: 0em;
-}
-
-.larger {
- font-size: 150%;
-}
-
-.line {
- text-align: center;
- text-indent: 0em;
- margin-top: -.75em;
- font-size: smaller;
-}
-
-.linebg {
- background: white;
- padding-left: 0.5em;
- padding-right: 0.5em;
-}
-
-.right {
- text-align: right;
-}
-
-.smaller {
- font-size: 80%;
-}
-
-.smcap {
- font-variant: small-caps;
-}
-
-td {
- vertical-align: top;
- padding: 0.25em;
-}
-
-.tdr {
- text-align: right;
-}
-
-@media handheld {
-
-img {
- max-width: 100%;
- width: auto;
- height: auto;
-}
-
-img.dropcap {
- display: none;
-}
-
-.blockquote {
- margin-left: 5%;
- margin-right: 5%;
-}
-
-p.dropcap:first-letter {
- color: inherit;
- visibility: visible;
- margin-left: 0;
-}
-}
- </style>
- </head>
-<body>
-
-
-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mentor: The Yosemite Valley, Vol 4,
-Num. 16, Serial No. 116, October 2, 191, by Dwight L. Elmendorf
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: The Mentor: The Yosemite Valley, Vol 4, Num. 16, Serial No. 116, October 2, 1916
-
-Author: Dwight L. Elmendorf
-
-Release Date: May 22, 2016 [EBook #52131]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: THE YOSEMITE ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-<h1>THE MENTOR 1916.10.02, No. 116,<br />
-The Yosemite Valley</h1>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 476px;">
-<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="476" height="700" alt="Cover page" />
-</div>
-
-<div class="bbox">
-
-<p class="center gesperrt smaller">LEARN ONE THING<br />
-EVERY DAY</p>
-
-<p class="smaller noindent">OCTOBER 2 1916</p>
-
-<p class="right smaller noindent" style="margin-top: -2em;">SERIAL NO. 116</p>
-
-<p class="center larger">THE<br />
-MENTOR</p>
-
-<p class="center">THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">By DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF<br />
-Lecturer and Traveler</p>
-
-<p class="smaller noindent">DEPARTMENT OF<br />
-TRAVEL</p>
-
-<p class="right smaller noindent" style="margin-top: -3em;">VOLUME 4<br />
-NUMBER 16</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">FIFTEEN CENTS A COPY</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="bbox-dashed">
-
-<h2>The Incomparable Yosemite</h2>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
-<img src="images/leaf-double.jpg" width="100" height="47" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>No temple made with hands can compare with the
-Yosemite. Every rock in its walls seems to glow
-with life. Some lean back in majestic repose; others,
-absolutely sheer or nearly so for thousands of feet, advance
-beyond their companions in thoughtful attitudes,
-giving welcome to storms and calms alike, seemingly
-aware, yet heedless, of everything going on about them.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;">
-<img src="images/flower.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>Awful in stern, immovable majesty, how softly
-these rocks are adorned, and how fine and reassuring
-the company they keep: their feet among beautiful
-groves and meadows, their brows in the sky, a thousand
-flowers leaning confidingly against their feet, bathed in
-floods of water, floods of light, while the snow and waterfalls,
-the winds and avalanches and clouds shine and
-sing and wreathe about them as the years go by, and
-myriads of small winged creatures&mdash;birds, bees, butterflies&mdash;give
-glad animation and help to make all the air
-into music.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;">
-<img src="images/flower.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>Down through the middle of the Valley flows the
-crystal Merced, River of Mercy, reflecting lilies
-and trees and the onlooking rocks; things frail and fleeting
-and types of endurance meeting here and blending
-in countless forms, as if into this one mountain mansion
-Nature had gathered her choicest treasures to draw her
-lovers into close and confiding communion with her.</p>
-
-<p class="right">JOHN MUIR.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate1.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">CATHEDRAL SPIRES, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Story of the Valley</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">ONE</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-i.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">It was once said that “a man has to be an awful
-liar to tell the truth about California”; and this
-applies especially to the wonderful Yosemite (yo-sem´-it-ee)
-Valley. The name Yosemite means
-“full grown grizzly bear.” The Valley lies on the west slope of
-the Sierra Nevada range, and is washed by the Merced River.</p>
-
-<p>There is no record of the early Spanish
-settlers of California ever having known
-the Yosemite. It was always a stronghold
-for the mountain tribes of Indians, and
-descendants of the Yosemite Indians still
-live there.</p>
-
-<p>During the gold rush to California, in
-1849, a prospector wandering on a trail
-up the Merced River was the first white
-man to view this beautiful region. Two
-years later a band of soldiers came upon
-the Valley suddenly while pursuing
-marauding Indians. The discovery came
-about in this way:</p>
-
-<p>For some time previous to 1851 the
-Yosemite Indians, believing themselves
-secure in their mountain stronghold, had
-given a great deal of trouble to the military
-authorities of the United States by
-their defiant plundering. Major Savage,
-in command of the Mariposa Battalion
-of United States forces, at first tried to
-treat peaceably with them. The Yosemites,
-however, suspicious that Major Savage
-was merely attempting to get the
-tribe into his power, would not accept his
-offers. Then Major Savage went out
-after them. This was in the winter, and
-they had to break a trail through the
-snow. Suddenly they came in sight of a
-most wonderful valley. They went into
-camp on the bank of the Merced River,
-opposite the peak which is now known as
-El Capitan.</p>
-
-<p>After the meal, in discussing this glorious
-spot which they had discovered, it
-was suggested that a name be given it.
-One of the party, Dr. Bunnell, proposed
-that it be called the “Yosemite Valley,”
-to perpetuate the name of the tribe that
-had so long made its home there. This
-name was unanimously adopted.</p>
-
-<p>The expedition remained one day and
-two nights in the Valley, and then were
-forced to hurry out at the approach of a
-storm. In three days they had made the
-round trip through the Valley, exploring
-it in a general way, and had named some
-of its principal features. The Indians
-whom they had gone out to capture, however,
-were not seen. Later, in 1851, another
-expedition was made to the Valley
-in pursuit of the Indians. This was in
-charge of Capt. John Boling, and Dr.
-Bunnell accompanied the party. Several
-Indians were captured, and additional explorations
-were made.</p>
-
-<p>Not many visits were made to the Valley
-before 1855. The first regular tourists’
-visit was made by J. M. Hutchings, who,
-having heard of its wonderful scenery,
-collected a party and went there. The
-following year regular tourist travel began.
-The first house built in the Yosemite
-Valley was erected in 1855. This was
-afterwards known as Black’s Hotel. It
-was situated directly opposite the Yosemite
-Fall. Years ago the old Sentinel Hotel
-was built by the side of the Merced River,
-and as patronage increased three cottage
-annexes to this simple hostelry were erected&mdash;one
-immediately adjoining the hotel
-building and two across the road. In
-time a small village grew up along the
-road and camps were established in the
-meadows and woods near by. The old
-Sentinel has now given way to the large
-new hotel across the river near the foot of
-the falls. This opens in the beginning of
-1917.</p>
-
-<p>The first permanent settler in the Yosemite
-Valley was J. C. Lamon, who built
-a cabin in the very end of it in 1860 and
-planted gardens and orchards. Four
-years later an act of Congress granted the
-Valley itself and the adjacent territory to
-the State of California on the condition
-that it be held forever as a public park.
-In 1905, however, California gave back
-the Valley to the United States, and it
-now forms part of the Yosemite National
-Park, which was created in 1890.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate2.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">YOSEMITE FALLS. YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Waterfalls</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">TWO</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">The finest photograph is inadequate to convey to
-the mind a satisfactory impression of the Yosemite
-Falls. The Yosemite Creek descends to the valley
-floor in three leaps, with a total height of about 2,500
-feet. It is the highest known cataract in the world. The
-upper fall has a vertical descent of 1,430 feet; the middle fall
-consists of a series of cascades, with a
-total descent of 626 feet; while the lower
-fall is 320 feet high. At the top the Yosemite
-Falls is about 35 feet wide. As the
-season advances and the volume of water
-decreases, the fall dwindles considerably.
-At its best, however, it is one of the grandest
-features of the Valley. In winter a
-splendid ice cone, 500 feet high, forms at
-the foot of the upper fall.</p>
-
-<p>Near Cathedral Spires, the Bridal Veil
-Fall pours down. People love it for its
-delicate, spirit-like beauty. It has a
-clear vertical fall of about 630 feet, with
-a width of 50 to 70 feet. The name is derived
-from the effect on it of the wind,
-which makes it flutter like a white veil.</p>
-
-<p>The Bridal Veil shoots from the upper
-ledge of the cliff by the velocity the
-stream has acquired in descending a long
-slope above the head of the fall. Usually
-the fall strikes on flat topped slabs, which
-form a kind of ledge about two-thirds of
-the way down. Between four and five
-o’clock in the afternoon beautiful rainbows
-may be seen in this fall.</p>
-
-<p>The Nevada Falls, 594 feet high, is generally
-ranked next to the Yosemite in interest.
-It is a heavy, turbulent cataract.
-Before reaching the bottom of its plunge
-the fall is broken and scattered by a sloping
-portion of the cliff about half-way
-down. It is the stormiest and whitest of
-all the falls in the Valley.</p>
-
-<p>The Vernal Falls has a vertical descent
-of 317 feet and varies in width from 70
-to 80 feet. This fall is an orderly, graceful,
-easy-going one. It may be more
-closely approached than any other. Just
-above it is the beautiful Emerald Pool.</p>
-
-<p>The Illilouette Falls has a total height
-of about 370 feet. It is not so impressive
-as the upper Yosemite, nor so symmetrical
-as the Vernal, nor so graceful as Bridal
-Veil, nor so stormy a gush as Nevada;
-but, as John Muir says, “In the exquisite
-fineness and richness of texture of its
-flowing folds, it surpasses them all.”</p>
-
-<p>There are many other small falls and
-cascades in the Yosemite Valley, among
-them being the Yosemite Gorge Fall and
-Cascades, the Royal Arch Falls, the Two
-Sentinel Cascades, and the falls of Cascade
-and Tamarack Creeks. The Royal
-Arch Fall in time of high water is beautiful;
-and the Two Sentinel Cascades,
-3,000 feet high, are also wonderful spectacles.
-By the middle of summer, however,
-these have diminished so greatly that
-they are hardly noticeable.</p>
-
-<p>The volume of water in the falls of the
-Valley varies greatly at different times&mdash;and
-so do the accounts of the altitude of
-the cataracts. You may have Illilouette
-Falls anywhere from 370 to 600 feet high,
-and the Upper Yosemite Falls anywhere
-from 1,400 to 1,600 feet high&mdash;just according
-to whom you ask. There is a like
-variation in the statements of the altitude
-of summits, and the size and age of
-the giant trees. Our figures are taken
-from the documents issued by the Department
-of the Interior of the United States
-Government.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate3.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">EL CAPITAN, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Summits</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">THREE</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-f.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">First in impressiveness and second only to the waterfalls
-in beauty, are the summits of the Yosemite
-Valley. Of all these summits El Capitan stands
-preëminent, although it is not the highest; that
-honor belonging to Cloud’s Rest.</p>
-
-<p>El Capitan, probably the largest mass of single rock in the
-world, stands on the north wall of the
-valley. It rises almost vertically 3,600 feet
-above the plain, and it is nearly rectangular
-in shape. Its two vast faces measure
-about 160 acres each in area. You
-can judge of its size by singling out what
-appears to be a green bush which took
-root and is growing in a shallow niche
-far up on the face of the rock. That
-green bush is called “The Lone Pine,” and
-<i>it is 150 feet high</i>. El Capitan stands like
-a grand old veteran, and it is one of
-the most imposing monuments that
-nature has left to show the terrific forces
-which at one time worked their will with
-this planet. Its summit may be reached
-by a long and arduous journey, which is
-seldom undertaken.</p>
-
-<p>Half Dome, or South Dome, as it is
-sometimes called, rises at the head of the
-Yosemite Valley to the height of 4,892
-feet above the valley floor. It forms the
-eastern terminus of the Valley. It is one
-of the wonders of the natural world, and
-is a unique thing in mountain scenery.
-Sweeping up 3,000 feet, its walls bear
-only a few pine trees. Above this it ascends
-perpendicularly nearly 2,000 feet
-straight into the sky, while its rounded
-summit falls steeply curved on the opposite
-side. It has been described as “incomparably
-the most wonderful, striking
-and impressive feature of the region. In
-strangeness of shape this hemispherical
-mountain of solid granite is singular
-among the world’s geological marvels, and
-its sublime height and firm soaring outline
-impose it upon the imagination more
-than would be possible to bulk alone.
-From every part of the upper half of the
-Valley the eye is compelled, as if by force
-of physical attraction, to return to this
-extraordinary mountain, which one can
-never tire of contemplating. One looks
-upon it as one would gaze at some majestic
-fragment of statuary.”</p>
-
-<p>Half Dome was first ascended in 1875
-by George Anderson. He practically
-pulled himself to the summit by means of
-a rope attached to iron pegs driven in the
-rock. He inserted his bolts five or six
-feet apart, and made his rope fast to each
-in succession, resting his feet on the last
-bolt while he drilled a hole for the next
-above. He accomplished his ascent in a
-few days; and he hoped to complete a
-stairway, so that tourists might ascend
-the Dome. But while he was preparing
-timber for his stairway he was taken sick,
-and died all alone in his little cabin.</p>
-
-<p>To the east of El Capitan are the peaks
-named the Three Brothers, the highest of
-which, known also as Eagle Peak, is a
-favorite viewpoint. Glacier Point is another
-frequently visited peak. It is in
-many respects the finest point of vantage
-from which to view the Valley. Opposite
-is Washington Column, and immediately
-to the westward of this are the Royal
-Arches, formed of curious curved layers
-of rock, firmly recessed, where gigantic
-displacements have produced a strange
-vaulted effect. Over these towers North
-Dome, polished and gray, rises in a perfect
-curve 3,571 feet above the Valley. It
-is the best exhibition of the round head
-rock formation that is so marked a feature
-of this region.</p>
-
-<p>Guarding the Bridal Veil Falls are the
-Three Graces. These look across the
-Valley to their counterparts, the Three
-Brothers. Near them are Cathedral
-Rock and Cathedral Spires. Cathedral
-Rock is not so high nor so massive as El
-Capitan, nor are its sides quite so nearly
-vertical. Its summit is 2,660 feet above
-the Valley. The graceful pinnacles of
-rock called Cathedral Spires are isolated
-columns of granite. From one point of
-view these spires rise above the edge of
-the cliff exactly like two towers of a
-Gothic cathedral. They are said to have
-been given their name because of a fancied
-resemblance to the Duomo at Florence,
-in Italy.</p>
-
-<p>Sentinel Rock is the most conspicuous
-rock on the south face of the Valley. It
-stands about in the middle of the Valley,
-and resembles a ruined tower 3,100 feet
-in height. Beneath Sentinel Rock is Yosemite,
-the little village of the Valley.
-Right across the river opposite is the
-Yosemite Falls.</p>
-
-<p>Cloud’s Rest commands a splendid
-view of the High Sierra. Cloud’s Rest is
-a long, bare, steep and extremely high
-granite ridge. It is higher than Half
-Dome, being nearly 10,000 feet above sea
-level.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate4.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">HALF DOME, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Trails</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">FOUR</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">The supreme enjoyment of the Yosemite Valley is
-to be found by pursuing its trails. There are many
-of these, some offering more points of interest and
-beauty than others.</p>
-
-<p>The climb to Glacier Point is of all the most popular.
-There are three methods of making the ascent&mdash;on foot, on
-horseback, and by auto-car. A great many
-prefer the horse or mule and the bridle
-path. This trail leads from the valley floor
-along the banks of the Merced River and
-past and above Vernal Falls and on to
-Nevada Falls. Then it follows the picturesque
-Illilouette Creek to its fall. Then
-the trail ascends the steep face of the
-cliff in zig zags. When the last height is
-won and Glacier Point is reached, the
-view is worth all the struggle. From
-Glacier Point may be seen the Tenaya
-Canyon, the Vernal and Nevada Falls,
-the Cap of Liberty, Half Dome, the High
-Sierra, and most of the Yosemite Valley.
-There is a comfortable little hotel and a
-camp at Glacier Point. Many stay over
-night, and use the spot as a point of departure
-on various trails&mdash;for Sentinel
-Dome, Taft Point, Dewey Point, and the
-long trail tramp to Wawona.</p>
-
-<p>The top of Sentinel Dome may be
-reached from Glacier Point by a short
-journey, and the trail is in good condition.
-If possible, the view from here exceeds in
-grandeur that from Glacier Point.</p>
-
-<p>After reaching Glacier Point most visitors
-return by the short trail. This zig
-zags down abruptly, making its descent
-in four and a half miles. It is full of
-thrills. For those who are nervous there
-is just one rule to remember: “Fix your
-faith on your mule&mdash;and hold tight.” The
-trail passes Agassiz’s Column, a giant obelisk
-that rises 85 feet in the air from the
-top of the cliff, leads by Sentinel Falls, and
-emerges on the plain below at the foot of
-Sentinel Rock.</p>
-
-<p>The ledge trail is the most difficult. It
-goes almost straight up from Camp Curry
-at the base of Glacier Point. This ascent
-has been made in a little over an hour. It
-is a trail that only strong climbers should
-attempt.</p>
-
-<p>Another wonderful climb is that to
-Eagle Peak and Yosemite Point. A steep
-but well-made bridle path crosses the
-bridge over the creek descending from
-Yosemite Falls. The trail goes to the
-right shortly after, and, ascending some
-distance, finally reaches a spot near the
-foot of the Upper Yosemite Fall. Then
-the trail leads to the top of the Yosemite
-Fall and from there a path goes to Lake
-Tenaya. The view from Eagle Peak extends
-further to the west than that of
-Glacier Point.</p>
-
-<p>The trail to Vernal and Nevada Falls
-leads past Happy Isles and is full of beauty
-and interest. It winds along the side of
-the rushing Merced River. The trail
-leads over a bridge commanding one of
-the best views of Vernal Falls, and shortly
-after passing Register Rock, it leads to
-Vernal Falls. Behind this fall rises the
-picturesque Cap of Liberty. This may
-be ascended by experts, but it is a difficult
-climb. The top of Vernal Falls may be
-reached by an easy path protected by an
-iron chain.</p>
-
-<p>From Register Rock the trail, which
-now becomes narrower and steeper, makes
-a wide sweep to the right before reaching
-the top of Vernal Falls, where the flat rock
-permits an approach to the edge of the
-water. Just above is the beautiful Emerald
-Pool. The trail recrosses the river
-about half-way between the top of Vernal
-Falls and the bottom of Nevada Falls.
-Above the bridge is the Diamond Cascade,
-and below it is the Silver Apron,
-both beautiful waterfalls. From here
-may be obtained a fine view of the superb
-Nevada Falls. A steep and zig-zag trail
-leads to its top.</p>
-
-<p>To reach Cloud’s Rest visitors follow
-the Vernal Falls Trail, diverging from it
-before reaching the bridge above the falls.
-The trip to Cloud’s Rest takes one day,
-and is a favorite among energetic tourists.
-From the Cloud’s Rest trail climbers can
-turn east and ascend the round summit of
-Half Dome. The extraordinary formation
-of this mountain attracts climbers, who
-are curious to see what the top of it is
-like. They find it to be just what they
-expect&mdash;a curved, smooth surface.</p>
-
-<p>For anyone who has two or three days
-to spare for a single expedition, the trip to
-Merced Lake is a choice one. The lake is
-reached in one day by the trail that leads
-to Vernal and Nevada Falls. After the
-falls have been left behind the trail is a
-rough, wild path, disclosing scenes of
-great beauty on every hand. There is a
-comfortable lodge at the Lake, and in its
-waters are more fish than you can catch&mdash;yes,
-you and all your friends&mdash;in many a
-day.</p>
-
-<p>Some of these trails lead on into the
-larger spaces of Yosemite National Park.
-The great majority of visitors confine
-themselves to the territory included in
-the Valley.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate5.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE THREE BROTHERS, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Camps</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">FIVE</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">The Valley is a camper’s paradise. Years ago travelers
-discovered its many advantages. The combination
-of deep shaded woods and open meadows,
-with a fine water supply close at hand, made its
-appeal to all lovers of nature, and long ago the Valley became
-a favorite resort for campers. Out of single parties, there
-soon developed an organized camping
-system in the Valley. As a result,
-there are now a number of little tent
-and bungalow communities, with populations
-varying from two or three hundred
-up to nearly two thousand. At one time,
-during 1915, the population of Camp
-Curry exceeded two thousand. To the
-lover of out-door life who wants to rest
-close to the earth, there is nothing more
-delightful than tent and bungalow life.
-The United States Government and the
-Park Service Company offer every convenience
-to campers, so that no one need
-bring material nor any supplies into the
-Valley. The camper may determine the
-conditions under which he will live. He
-may bring his own tent, if he cares to.
-Then, after securing a permit, he may
-pick out his own spot and raise his simple
-roof tree. Aside from the established
-camps there are spaces of land set
-apart and numbered, and these are for
-the use of those utterly care-free pilgrims
-who prefer to settle on a spot of
-their own choosing and lead the simple life.
-Upon arriving, the prospective camper
-can get a full equipment on reasonable
-terms. A list will be supplied to him,
-from which he can select every necessary
-thing for camp life&mdash;from a can-opener
-and tin pan to tents and tables. He can
-purchase these articles, or he can rent
-them by the week. If a vagrant life is
-desired, the camper may secure a pack-mule,
-pull up stakes from time to time,
-and move about as he chooses.</p>
-
-<p>This is camp life in its most elementary
-aspect. From that the conditions of
-tent and bungalow life in the Valley
-range up to the finely equipped and
-organized camps, where the visitor may
-enjoy all the advantages and luxuries
-of comfortable hotel life, while at the
-same time living close to the ground.
-The established camps at present are
-Awahnee, El Capitan, Yosemite Camp,
-Lost Arrow and Camp Curry. The
-affairs of each camp are managed from
-its own central office, a building where
-mail is received and the interests of the
-campers are looked after. The daily life
-of these communities is full of incident.
-Each camp has its entertainments and
-its gala performances. One has a fine,
-large bathing pavilion and plunge; another,
-a festival hall. Moving pictures
-are exhibited in the evenings; there
-are lectures and concerts; and a large,
-well equipped dancing pavilion makes
-the hours fly fast for young people.
-Communication between the camps is
-easy, for there are auto-buses, “jitneys,”
-as well as ponies and burros, and
-things are stirring actively among the
-camps most of the time. No one need
-lack for entertainment. Between the
-single tent in a remote part of the Valley
-and the populous camp community there
-is a wide range for choice, and variety of
-conditions enough to make everyone
-happy.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 460px;">
-
-<img src="images/plate6.jpg" width="460" height="650" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">FROM A WATER COLOR PAINTING</p>
-
-<p class="caption">VIEW FROM GLACIER POINT TRAIL, YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<h2><i>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</i><br />
-<span class="smaller"><i>The Big Trees</i></span></h2>
-</div>
-
-<p class="line"><span class="linebg">SIX</span></p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-plain-a.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">A most interesting feature of the Yosemite region
-is the Big Trees. There are three groves of giant
-trees near the valley&mdash;the Tuolumne, Merced, and
-Mariposa. The first two named are small groves.
-The important grove is the Mariposa. This grove is so
-called from its situation in Mariposa (Butterfly) County. It
-occupies a tract of land about four square
-miles in area, and consists of two definite
-groups of trees. Its elevation above the
-sea level varies from 5,000 to 8,000 feet.</p>
-
-<p>The Big Tree, or <i>Sequoia gigantea</i>, is
-found only on the west slope of the Sierra
-Range. The Redwood, or <i>Sequoia sempervirens</i>,
-its twin brother, is strictly a
-seaboard tree, being confined to the coast
-ranges. The Big Tree, however, is the
-giant of all, and it is of this species that
-the Mariposa Grove is made up.</p>
-
-<p>The first grove of Big Trees discovered
-by white men was the Calaveras Grove of
-Big Trees in California. This was in the
-spring of 1852, and the discoverer was
-A. T. Dowd. Soon the story of the Big
-Trees found its way into the newspapers,
-and no other plant ever attracted so much
-attention or gained such celebrity within
-so short a period. The species was named
-in honor of Sequoyah, or Sequoia, to give
-it the Latin spelling, a Cherokee Indian
-of mixed blood, who was also known as
-George Guess. He invented an alphabet
-and written language for his tribe.</p>
-
-<p>The Big Trees are the oldest living
-things in the world. It is impossible to
-appreciate their huge size from a mere
-description. They must be seen; and
-even then a sense of futility strikes the
-beholder. The Big Trees grow in groves,
-never forming groups by themselves, but
-always scattered among a much larger
-number of trees of other kinds.</p>
-
-<p>Says John Muir, the famous naturalist:
-“The whole tree for the first century
-or two, or until it is a hundred or one
-hundred and fifty feet high, is arrowhead
-in form, and, compared with the solemn
-rigidity of age, seems as sensitive to the
-wind as a squirrel’s tail. As it grows
-older, the lower branches are gradually
-dropped and the upper ones thinned out,
-until comparatively few are left. The
-immensely strong, stately shafts are free
-of limbs for one hundred and fifty feet or
-so. The large limbs reach out with equal
-boldness in every direction, showing no
-weather side, and no other tree has foliage
-so densely massed, so finely molded in
-outline, and so perfectly subordinate to an
-ideal type. A particularly knotty, angular,
-ungovernable-looking branch, from
-five to seven or eight feet in diameter,
-and perhaps a thousand years old, may
-occasionally be seen pushing out from
-the trunk as if determined to break across
-the bounds of the regular curve, but like
-all the others it dissolves in bosses of
-branchlets and sprays as soon as the general
-outline is approached. Except in picturesque
-old age, after being struck by
-lightning or broken by thousands of snow-storms,
-the regularity of forms is one of
-their most distinguishing characteristics.
-Another is the simple beauty of the trunk,
-and its great thickness as compared with
-its height and the width of the branches,
-which makes them look more like finely
-modeled and sculptured architectural columns
-than the stems of trees, while the
-great limbs look like rafters, supporting
-the magnificent dome-head. But though
-so consummately beautiful, the Big Tree
-always seems unfamiliar, with peculiar
-physiognomy, awfully solemn and earnest;
-yet with all its strangeness it impresses us
-as being more at home than any of its
-neighbors, holding the best right to the
-ground as the oldest, strongest inhabitant.”</p>
-
-<p>The Mariposa Grove&mdash;which was discovered
-in 1857 by Galen Clark&mdash;lies in a
-little valley occupying a depression on the
-back of a ridge. The Lower Grove contains
-240 fine Big Trees. The Grizzly
-Giant is the largest of all. It has a circumference
-of ninety-three feet and a
-diameter of thirty and six-tenths feet.
-Its main limb is six and one-half feet
-in diameter. This tree is very much
-injured, and its size has been decreased
-by burning. It has long since passed
-its prime, and has a battered and worn
-appearance.</p>
-
-<p>In ascending to the Upper Grove the
-road goes through a tunnel cut through
-the heart of the “Wawona,” a living Sequoia.
-This tunnel is ten feet high and
-nine and one-half feet wide at the bottom.</p>
-
-<p>The Upper Grove contains 360 Big
-Trees, averaging in age about 2,500 years.
-About ten of the trees exceed 250 feet in
-height. Three of these have a circumference
-of over ninety feet.</p>
-
-<p>The bark of the largest trees is from
-one to two feet thick. Toward the end of
-winter the trees bloom, while the snow is
-still eight or ten feet deep. The flowers
-are pale green and pale yellow. The seeds
-are small and light. The cones remain on
-the tree for many years.</p>
-
-<p>The Big Trees might live forever. There
-is no absolute limit to their existence.
-Death is due only to an accident. The
-leaves alone die of old age, and these are
-renewed.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">PREPARED BY THE EDITORIAL STAFF OF THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION<br />
-ILLUSTRATION FOR THE MENTOR, VOL. 4, No. 16, SERIAL No. 116<br />
-COPYRIGHT, 1916, BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<p class="center larger">THE MENTOR · DEPARTMENT OF TRAVEL · OCT. 2, 1916</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus15.jpg" width="500" height="237" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p>
-
-<p class="caption">EL PORTAL</p>
-
-<p class="caption">The terminal of the railroad. From here a run of 10 miles is made up Merced Canyon to Yosemite Valley</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h2>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</h2>
-
-<p class="center">By DWIGHT L. ELMENDORF</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>Lecturer and Traveler</i></p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 30px;">
-<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<div class="container">
-
-<p class="center"><i>MENTOR COLOR PLATES</i></p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>CATHEDRAL SPIRES</li>
-<li>YOSEMITE FALLS</li>
-<li>EL CAPITAN</li>
-<li>HALF DOME</li>
-<li>THREE BROTHERS</li>
-<li>VIEW FROM GLACIER POINT TRAIL</li>
-</ul>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="center smaller">Entered as second-class matter March 10, 1913, at the postoffice at New York, N. Y., under the act of March 3, 1879. Copyright, 1916,
-by The Mentor Association, Inc.</p>
-
-<div>
-<img class="dropcap" src="images/dropcap-italic-r.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="" />
-</div>
-
-<p class="dropcap">Rest here for a time by the side of the Merced River while
-I tell you something of this peaceful, lovely valley. Look
-over to that further cliff and watch the silver stream of the
-Yosemite descend in three gleaming white steps from the
-summit of rock 2,600 feet above us to the meadow level
-where we stand. In its first flight of 1,430 feet it falls a third
-of that distance in a snowy column, then turns to wreathing smoke, through
-which many glistening darts shoot down to the rocky basin below. Here the
-misty elements are resolved again into water, and the stream tumbles frothing
-through rocks to its second flight, then on to the lower fall of 320 feet,
-when it dashes on a bed of boulders and hurries to join the Merced River.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus16a.jpg" width="400" height="267" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE GATE TO
-THE VALLEY</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Bridal Veil Falls
-at right of picture</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus17a.jpg" width="400" height="247" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">VIEW FROM
-INSPIRATION
-POINT</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Bridal Veil Falls
-in the distance at
-right of picture</p>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>It is an ever present sight in the heart of the Valley, and our eyes turn to
-it frequently during the hours of daylight. And, all through the night, we
-hear the hushing sound of its falling waters as it whispers to us of the many
-beautiful things that Nature has given us in this valley of enchantment.</p>
-
-<p>So you see Yosemite in midsummer. Then its fall is almost as
-fairy-like as that of Bridal Veil. But in April and May, when it pours
-down the accumulation of the winter snows, it is a foaming torrent,
-and its tone is deep and strong.</p>
-
-<p>The Yosemite has been gradually disclosing its features to us since
-early morning. The first impression that we experience as we leave
-the town of Merced is one of steady ascent into a narrow gorge, through
-which a busy, turbulent stream&mdash;the Merced River&mdash;pursues its course.
-The train labors sturdily up until it reaches El Portal, where there is a
-pause at the hotel for lunch. Then the trip is resumed in auto buses
-that take us on up through a valley, winding and narrowing into a notch
-that seems at times as if it would end in sheer walls of rock. But, in
-the course of an hour or more the way broadens, and we find wider
-stretches, wooded with tall pines and stately sequoias.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus16b.jpg" width="300" height="269" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">MERCED CANYON</p>
-
-<p class="caption">The approach to the Valley</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus17b.jpg" width="300" height="272" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">MIRROR LAKE</p>
-
-<p class="caption">As seen in the early morning</p>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>Then we catch a glimpse of Elephant Rock, of Cathedral Spires, of
-the delicate lacery of Bridal Veil
-Falls, and, opposite, the massive bulk
-of El Capitan. Soon the slender,
-swanlike neck of Yosemite Falls
-appears, and we roll through Camp
-Awahnee and out into the wide,
-level vale where Yosemite Village
-rests. Here we draw a long breath,
-and a sense of peace and contentment
-takes possession of us&mdash;a feeling of
-complete isolation from the world of
-care and trouble. There is something
-so intimate and friendly&mdash;so
-“homey”&mdash;about the wide, green
-meadow that stretches before us
-from the banks of the fast flowing
-Merced to the wood at the foot of Yosemite Falls. Around this level
-mead the camps cluster; Yosemite, El Capitan, and Lost Arrow camps
-close to the base of the falls, quiet Camp Awahnee by the roadside
-across the river, and busy Camp Curry a mile east of the village and
-just below Glacier Point.</p>
-
-<h3><i>Yosemite National Park</i></h3>
-
-<p>We are now in the very center of Yosemite Valley&mdash;though not of
-Yosemite National Park. Do not mistake the part for the whole. The
-Yosemite National Park&mdash;created a park October 1, 1890&mdash;is a huge tract
-of land, 1,124 square miles in area. It contains many valleys, mountains,
-streams, lakes, and waterfalls. Its vast territory has been explored by
-countless travelers, and it is the
-favorite playground of the Sierra
-Club&mdash;a body of hardy and adventurous
-men and women trampers,
-campers, and mountain climbers.</p>
-
-<p>The particular gem of the Yosemite
-National Park is our dearly treasured
-Yosemite Valley, seven miles in length&mdash;and
-that is what we have come to
-visit. When we arrive there we reach
-a high elevation. The floor of the Valley
-is 4,000 feet above sea level, and on
-all sides the mountains rise to heights
-varying from 3,000 to 6,000 feet more.
-The highest point in the Valley is the
-summit of Cloud’s Rest, which is
-nearly 10,000 feet above sea level.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus18a.jpg" width="400" height="254" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p>
-
-<p class="caption">FORMER DAYS</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Four-horse stage in front of the old Sentinel Hotel. Yosemite Falls in the background</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus19a.jpg" width="400" height="248" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE PRESENT DAY</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Automobiles everywhere. There is even a “jitney” service in the Valley</p>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>And, now that we are here, you ask: “What
-is this valley, and how did it come to be?” There
-are several geological explanations of it, varying
-in character. Prof. J. D. Whitney, the first scientist
-to study the Sierra, thought that the Yosemite
-was “the result of the sinking of a local block
-of the earth’s crust having the exact outlines of
-the Valley,” and he denied that glacial action had
-anything to do with it. But the generally accepted
-explanation is that the Valley was once a tortuous
-river canyon cut by the Merced River, and
-that the cutting work of this stream was done so
-fast that the “tributary valleys soon remained
-hanging high on either side.” Then the canyon
-became the bed of great glaciers which, in
-moving, “scooped” the Valley into its present
-form. This, of course, was a matter of hundreds of thousands of years.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 177px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus18b.jpg" width="177" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">EVENING PRIMROSES</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Half Dome at the back</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>Accepting that explanation as correct, many of the natural conditions
-that we find in the Valley are easy to understand&mdash;such as the
-smooth polished surfaces of El Capitan and Half Dome.</p>
-
-<p>And now you ask: “What is there to do and see?” It is a valley of
-varied diversions. There are many things to do and many beautiful spots
-to visit, and you may choose according to your tastes and your physical
-ability. Are you a sturdy tramper? You may
-take your pack and staff and assail the mountain
-citadels that challenge you on every side. Do you
-love the saddle? You can find bridle paths that
-will lead you through the cool, dense woods, by
-lakesides, to the foot of waterfalls, and up to the
-summits. Are you unequal to the exertion of
-tramping or riding? The joys of the Yosemite are
-yours none the less, for high powered auto cars
-will carry you in comfort to the points of greatest
-interest in the Valley, out to the groves of giant
-trees, and even up to the supreme commanding
-spot of all&mdash;Glacier Point.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 170px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus19b.jpg" width="170" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">WINTER SCENE</p>
-
-<p class="caption">Half Dome in white</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>You may take in the Yosemite as a visiting
-tourist, in which five or six days may suffice you for
-sightseeing, or you may settle down as a camper or
-hotel guest, in which case days and weeks slip
-by, and you soon lose all sense of time in the sweet repose of the Valley.
-For the greater number a touring visit is all that is possible. You tell
-me that you are here for a few days. How may you best occupy them?
-It is not necessary for me to answer your question in detail, for the affairs
-of the Valley have been systematized in a most businesslike fashion, and
-all such information is ready to hand. You can obtain schedules of trips
-for two, three, four, and on up to nine and ten days. The United States
-Government has done and is doing a good work in developing this great
-natural recreation park, and all the Government asks of us is that we
-will take advantage of it. The attitude of Uncle Sam is expressed in the
-legends posted on trees throughout the Valley, all of which mean in
-substance: “This beautiful park is yours. Help us to preserve it and
-make it attractive.”</p>
-
-<h3><i>Evening in the Valley</i></h3>
-
-<p>We have come up from Merced in the morning, and we have arrived
-in the Valley at three o’clock. Let us make the most of the remainder of
-this fair summer afternoon. We walk out across the green meadow for
-a closer view of Yosemite Falls. The shadows of El Capitan and the
-Three Brothers are already creeping over the valley, and the air has a
-touch of evening cool as we enter the woods. The walk is longer than
-we thought. The tall, sheer cliffs make the falls seem nearer than they
-are. At length, after pursuing the path for some distance through the
-woods, we come upon an open spot from which we can gaze up and
-drink in the beauty of the three white leaps of water. This is the favorite
-spot&mdash;the choice viewpoint of artists and photographers. A short
-climb brings us to the foot of the lower falls, and there we rest and watch
-the seething basin while the soft mist plays upon our faces. The woods
-about us are in deep shadow and odorous of pine. Above us goes the
-trail that leads up through a narrow
-gorge to a point at the summit of
-the falls. We are seated in the very
-sanctuary of the Yosemite. It is an
-hour to remember.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 290px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus20.jpg" width="290" height="400" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE ZIG ZAG</p>
-
-<p class="caption">On the Glacier Point Trail</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>On returning, we pause a moment
-by the roadside on the meadow at the
-concrete bench placed there in memory
-of Galen Clark, a lover and student
-of the Yosemite, and discoverer
-of the giant trees of the Mariposa
-Grove. Galen Clark apparently drew
-vitality from his aged tree friends,
-for he lived to be 96 years old. He
-is buried in the Valley, and the concrete
-bench is placed on the spot
-where he frequently sat to gaze on
-the falls. Though it is now evening
-and the sun has disappeared, the
-Valley is suffused with soft reflected
-light from the huge flat, mirror-like
-face of Half Dome. In the course of
-an hour the golden glow on that great
-oval surface of rock far above us turns to
-shimmering silver, and then to a ghostly
-gray that finally gives way to night.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus21b.jpg" width="400" height="214" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">GLACIER POINT HOTEL AND CAMP</p>
-
-<p class="caption">3,254 feet above the Valley and 7,250 feet above sea level</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3><i>Mirror Lake and Happy Isles</i></h3>
-
-<p>In the early morning let us go to Mirror
-Lake. This beautiful little sheet of water
-lies not far from the village and in a natural
-bowl at the foot of Half Dome and
-Mount Watkins. The mirror effects are best
-seen in the early hours shortly after sunrise.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 284px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus21a.jpg" width="284" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p>
-
-<p class="caption">A FOREST FRIEND</p>
-
-<p class="caption">He prefers sweets, but he will accept eagerly
-any form of nourishment&mdash;and he does not
-scorn tobacco</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>On the way back stop for a half hour
-at Happy Isles. That brief visit will not
-suffice you, for you will find time, even in
-a short stay in the Yosemite, to slip away
-for several half hours to the quiet shades and laughing waters of Happy
-Isles. The Merced has woven a necklace of sparkling waves about these
-little wooded islands, and made of them an ideal retreat for a sunny afternoon.
-If you rest there late in the day look for the dainty little water
-bird that John Muir calls the “water-ouzel.” I watched one for an hour
-on the lower island. He has his nest close to the surface of the stream,
-and he plays joyously, half in and half out of the water, part time
-flitting over the spray, and part time dipping under, until his sleek
-gray-black coat shines like satin.</p>
-
-<p>There are trails and roads in all directions. What will you choose?
-Since you have now seen Happy Isles, go on to the foot of Vernal Falls.
-You have simply to follow the path past Happy
-Isles, and go on up the Merced River. It will
-repay you, for Vernal Falls is a beautiful down-pour
-of water, 317 feet in height. And, while you
-are following this trail, go on still further till you
-reach Nevada Falls, the most impressive of all the
-cataracts in the Park. Its height is 594 feet, and
-the volume of water that it pours exceeds that of
-any of the others. If you would get an adequate
-impression of its power, climb to the top of Nevada
-Falls and look down. You will not forget the sight.</p>
-
-<p>If you love fishing, you would do well to take
-your rod on such a trip, for trout can be found
-in the pools of the Merced. If fishing is your main
-object, follow the trail on up to Merced Lake, where
-you may be assured of finding a full day’s sport.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 161px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus22a.jpg" width="161" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">“WINKEY” AT GLACIER POINT</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>If, however, tramping and climbing are your
-choice, you can continue from Nevada Falls and
-go on one or the other of two splendidly adventurous
-trails&mdash;either turning
-up to the left to climb
-the summit of Cloud’s Rest
-or Half Dome, or winding
-to the right to reach far-famed
-Glacier Point. If
-you take the latter trail
-you will catch a fine view
-of Illilouette Falls, a beautiful
-cataract 370 feet in
-height, seen only by hardy
-climbers.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus22b.jpg" width="300" height="192" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">CAMP CURRY</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3><i>Glacier Point</i></h3>
-
-<p>You may not be equal
-to such a climb. If so, save Glacier Point for a special trip&mdash;on muleback
-if you can stand it; if not, then go up the road in an auto car. There
-are a number of ways of scaling Glacier Point. I have mentioned one
-trail. The bridle trail goes up the long way and comes down the short&mdash;all
-done in one day if one chooses. This trail offers many scenic beauties
-and some real thrills for those unaccustomed to dizzy heights. The
-shortest way of all is what is called the “ledge trail,” which starts near
-Camp Curry, directly underneath Glacier Point, and goes pretty nearly
-straight up. This calls for the sturdiest kind of climbing&mdash;and some nerve.</p>
-
-<p>“All very well,” exclaims the timorous, “but for me, the auto car.”
-And, indeed, the auto car trip offers many advantages besides comfort
-and ease. The road for part of the way is the one that you take to
-Wawona and the big trees. You pass Artists’ Point
-and Inspiration Point, both of them affording
-lovely views. Then you turn off and pursue a
-course along the mountain ridge for miles. There,
-7,000 feet in altitude, you wind through magnificent
-woods of pine and sequoia that line out
-majestic cathedral naves before you. The somber
-shadows that envelop you are shot through with
-golden beams of light. Occasionally you come
-upon rich green, natural open meadows, where
-wild flowers abound. A black or brown bear may
-cross your path. He is a well-behaved citizen,
-and he will accept appreciatively any nourishment
-that you offer him.</p>
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 160px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus23a.jpg" width="160" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">WINTER AT GLACIER POINT</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>You may go to Glacier Point and back by auto
-car in one day, but I advise staying over night.
-By all means see the sunset and sunrise from
-Glacier Point&mdash;and then you will feel that you
-really know the Valley. It lies there like a map
-below you. Opposite you
-rise the great heights of
-El Capitan, Three Brothers,
-Yosemite Point, North
-Dome, Basket Dome, and
-Watkins. The Tenaya
-Canyon stretches off to the
-northeast. To your right
-rise the peak of Cloud’s
-Rest and the bald head of
-Half Dome, and below
-them, still further to the
-right, is the Little Yosemite
-Valley, down which
-pour the torrents of Nevada
-and Vernal Falls. Both cataracts are in sight from where you stand, and
-you can plainly hear the sound of their waters. And beyond all these,
-and stretching far away to the horizon, are the snow-capped summits of
-the High Sierra. Beneath you, 3,200 feet down, lies the floor of the
-Valley. And, as the shadows of night gather, the lights of the village and
-the camps twinkle there like reflected stars.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus23b.jpg" width="400" height="253" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">SKATING ON THE MERCED</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<h3><i>The Giant Trees</i></h3>
-
-<p>There are three groves of giant sequoias in the Yosemite region&mdash;the
-Tuolomne, the Merced, and the Mariposa&mdash;and they are visited by
-almost everyone who goes to the Yosemite Valley. The Tuolomne and
-Merced groves may be seen in a single day’s trip, for they are not
-far apart and neither of them is large. The
-Merced Grove contains forty giants, the Tuolomne
-twenty, the chief of which is the Dead
-Giant. Cars drive through this monster just
-as they do through the Wawona tree in the
-Mariposa Grove. The ride to the Tuolomne
-Grove is very picturesque and thrilling, offering
-one special point of advantage&mdash;New Inspiration
-Point, from which, in the afternoon,
-Bridal Veil Falls may be seen playing through
-constantly shifting rainbows.</p>
-
-<p>Mariposa Grove was discovered in 1857,
-and is the largest grove of its kind in the world.
-It contains more than five hundred monster
-sequoias, the largest of which is the famous
-Grizzly Giant, 204 feet in height and about 30
-feet in diameter at the base. You may be told
-that this is the largest tree in the world. That
-is not true. There are several larger sequoias.
-The General Grant tree in General Grant Park
-is 264 feet in height and nearly 35 feet in diameter. The largest known
-tree is the General Sherman in the Sequoia National Park, which measures
-280 feet high and is 36 feet and 5 inches in diameter at the base.</p>
-
-<p>You may be told also that these great trees are seven and even eight
-thousand years old. Take that statement with consideration. The
-sequoias are very hardy vegetables, and are undoubtedly the oldest
-things living, but the
-scientists tell us that
-the veteran trees run
-in age from 1,500 to
-2,500 years, and that
-the oldest tree, of
-whose age record
-there is no question,
-is somewhat over
-3,000 years old. John
-Muir states that he
-has found one tree
-for which he claims
-an age of 4,000 years.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus24a.jpg" width="181" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">ILLILOUETTE FALLS</p>
-
-<p class="caption">370 feet in height</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus24b.jpg" width="193" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">VERNAL FALLS</p>
-
-<p class="caption">317 feet in height</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figmulti" style="width: 193px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus24c.jpg" width="193" height="300" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">NEVADA FALLS</p>
-
-<p class="caption">594 feet in height</p>
-
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>But a matter of a
-thousand years or so
-does not detract from
-the dignity of these
-majestic forest Sons
-of Anak. Their age and size are
-enough to command our reverence,
-and no one should visit the
-Yosemite without going to the
-groves to pay respect to these
-ancient monarchs.</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus25.jpg" width="300" height="236" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by J. T. Boysen</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE WAWONA TREE, MARIPOSA GROVE</p>
-
-<p class="caption">In front of the tree stands Galen Clark, who discovered the
-Mariposa Grove of Big Trees in 1857</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>You must visit the Mariposa
-Grove at least, and I urge you to
-give it a special day. You can
-ride over and return to Yosemite
-in one day, but I would advise
-you, in case your visit is a brief
-one, to save the grove for the last
-day. Ride to Wawona the afternoon
-before and stay at that restful
-little spot overnight. Then
-visit the grove in the morning, and after that go on to Miami Lodge,
-and down through the mountains, and across the rich San Joaquin Valley
-to Fresno, where you can end your trip and reach the main railroad lines.</p>
-
-<p>But let me not usher you out of the Valley in this manner. Let me
-rather urge you to remain. A taste of camp life will surely convince
-you if my words do not. Camp life is one of the most delightful features
-of the Yosemite. Camp facilities and conveniences have been arranged
-to suit every person and every purse. You may enter one of the regularly
-organized camps, or you may obtain a permit and pitch your own
-tent in a specially selected spot.</p>
-
-<p>To those who plan to settle for a time in the Park the camps make a
-strong appeal. Camp life is a refreshing change from conventional
-things, and the heart grows younger under it.</p>
-
-<p>The peculiar charm of the Yosemite is the “nearness and dearness”
-of its features, and it is through camp life that we come to feel this charm.
-It is not long before El Capitan, the Bridal Veil, the Three Brothers,
-the Three Graces and Half Dome become objects of fond affection, and
-the whole Valley appears to be a vast playground especially prepared by
-Nature to delight the hearts of her children.</p>
-
-<h3><i>SUPPLEMENTARY READING</i></h3>
-
-<table summary="Books">
- <tr>
- <td>GENERAL INFORMATION REGARDING YOSEMITE PARK</td><td class="tdr"><i>Issued by the U. S. Government</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>SKETCH OF YOSEMITE NATIONAL PARK</td><td class="tdr"><i>By F. E. Matthes</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>DISCOVERY OF THE YOSEMITE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By H. L. Bunnell</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>YOSEMITE TRAILS</td><td class="tdr"><i>By J. S. Chase</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>THE YOSEMITE VALLEY</td><td class="tdr"><i>By Galen Clark</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>YOSEMITE SOUVENIR AND GUIDE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By D. J. Foley</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>OUR NATIONAL PARKS</td><td class="tdr"><i>By John Muir</i></td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>THE YOSEMITE</td><td class="tdr"><i>By John Muir</i></td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="center smaller">⁂ Information concerning the above books may be had on application to the Editor of The Mentor.</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="chapter2">
-
-<div class="figleft" style="width: 30px;">
-<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 30px;">
-<img src="images/book.jpg" width="30" height="30" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<h2 class="clearnone">THE OPEN LETTER</h2>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;">
-
-<img src="images/illus26.jpg" width="500" height="270" alt="" />
-
-<p class="captionleft">Photograph by A. C. Pillsbury</p>
-
-<p class="caption">THE LAUGHING WATERS OF HAPPY ISLES</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p>In some scenery there is an element of
-awe&mdash;a grimness that makes us shudder.
-The charm of the Yosemite is that, with
-all its scenic splendor it is so serenely
-beautiful, so restful in character, and so
-endearing. There is no lack of majesty.
-Lofty summits surround us&mdash;some of
-them stern in aspect. El Capitan is a
-vast, beetling cliff, the Three Brothers
-are grim granite companions, and the
-peak of Cloud’s Rest is remote and austere.
-But, down in the valley, all is gentle
-and lovely.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
-<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>I have visited the valley more than
-once, and I know its spell. Its soothing
-influence dulls the edge of decision. However
-energetic and purposeful we may be
-on arrival, we find, after a few days, that
-we have, quite unconsciously, eaten of
-the lotus of forgetfulness. Plans for
-various strenuous activities are modified;
-things that at first seemed urgent are
-postponed; and the day of departure
-drops into the list of life’s little uncertainties.
-Events take their own course; we
-yield to the current. Yesterday we followed
-the mountain trail, and we were
-full of the stir and thrill of it. Today
-we find other and quieter joys. So we
-let the climbers now call us indolent. We
-let them take to the summits while we
-hold to the valley. We are content. The
-flowers that offer themselves at our feet
-are as fair as those that they find on the
-heights. The air about us is soft and
-fragrant, and “sweet is the whisper of the
-pine trees by the river.” Our hearts are
-in unison with the pastoral poet, and we
-ask for nothing better today than to
-rest here and dream in the Happy Isles.</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 100px;">
-<img src="images/stars.jpg" width="100" height="19" alt="(decorative)" />
-</div>
-
-<p>The valley is undergoing changes and
-improvements. The conditions there
-have always been very simple. Within
-recent years the government, realizing
-that the Yosemite was a wonderful
-natural playground, has done much to
-develop it. If a visitor of former years
-should go to the Yosemite today, he
-would rub his eyes and exclaim at the
-changes. He would find the old Sentinel
-Hotel and cottages superseded by the
-luxurious new hotel, and the village
-largely transplanted to the other side of
-the Merced. In place of the old-fashioned
-stages, he would find the ever-present
-auto-car. He would find the Glacier
-Point Hotel renewed and enlarged, and
-many improvements in the valley camps.
-He would find well-equipped lodges and
-chalets scattered through the Park for
-the comfort of those who take the long,
-arduous trails. The Yosemite is now an
-all-year-round resort, where winter as well
-as summer sport may be enjoyed. Uncle
-Sam’s invitation is: “Come to your
-pleasure Park, forget your cares for a
-while, and rest and
-play.”</p>
-
-<div class="figright" style="width: 200px;">
-<img src="images/signature.jpg" width="200" height="94" alt="(signature)" />
-<p class="caption">W. D. Moffat<br />
-<span class="smcap">Editor</span></p>
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="bbox-dashed">
-
-<p class="center larger"><span class="smcap">The Mentor Association</span></p>
-
-<div class="blockquote">
-
-<p class="noindent">ESTABLISHED FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A POPULAR INTEREST
-IN ART, LITERATURE, SCIENCE, HISTORY, NATURE, AND TRAVEL</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="noindent">CONTRIBUTORS&mdash;PROF. JOHN C. VAN DYKE, HAMILTON W. MABIE, PROF. ALBERT
-BUSHNELL HART, REAR ADMIRAL ROBERT E. PEARY, WILLIAM T. HORNADAY, DWIGHT L.
-ELMENDORF, HENRY T. FINCK, WILLIAM WINTER, ESTHER SINGLETON, PROF. G. W. BOTSFORD,
-IDA M. TARBELL, GUSTAV KOBBÉ, DEAN C. WORCESTER, JOHN K. MUMFORD, W. J.
-HOLLAND, LORADO TAFT, KENYON COX, E. H. FORBUSH, H. E. KREHBIEL, SAMUEL ISHAM,
-BURGES JOHNSON, STEPHEN BONSAL, JAMES HUNEKER, W. J. HENDERSON, AND OTHERS.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">The purpose of The Mentor Association is to give its members, in an
-interesting and attractive way, the information in various fields of
-knowledge which everybody wants to have. The information is imparted
-by interesting reading matter, prepared under the direction of leading
-authorities, and by beautiful pictures, produced by the most highly perfected
-modern processes.</p>
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR IS PUBLISHED TWICE A MONTH</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">BY THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC., AT 52 EAST NINETEENTH STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.
-SUBSCRIPTION, THREE DOLLARS A YEAR. FOREIGN POSTAGE 75 CENTS EXTRA. CANADIAN
-POSTAGE 50 CENTS EXTRA. SINGLE COPIES FIFTEEN CENTS. PRESIDENT, THOMAS
-H. BECK; VICE-PRESIDENT, WALTER P. TEN EYCK; SECRETARY, W. D. MOFFAT; TREASURER,
-ROBERT M. DONALDSON; ASST. TREASURER AND ASST. SECRETARY, J. S. CAMPBELL</p>
-
-<hr />
-
-<p class="center larger">COMPLETE YOUR MENTOR LIBRARY</p>
-
-<p class="center">Subscriptions always begin with the current issue. The following numbers of The Mentor Course,
-already issued, will be sent postpaid at the rate of fifteen cents each.</p>
-
-<ul>
-<li>Serial<br />
-No.</li>
-<li>1. Beautiful Children In Art</li>
-<li>2. Makers of American Poetry</li>
-<li>3. Washington, the Capital</li>
-<li>4. Beautiful Women in Art</li>
-<li>5. Romantic Ireland</li>
-<li>6. Masters of Music</li>
-<li>7. Natural Wonders of America</li>
-<li>8. Pictures We Love to Live With</li>
-<li>9. The Conquest of the Peaks</li>
-<li>10. Scotland, the Land of Song and Scenery</li>
-<li>11. Cherubs in Art</li>
-<li>12. Statues With a Story</li>
-<li>13. Story of America in Pictures: The Discoverers</li>
-<li>14. London</li>
-<li>15. The Story of Panama</li>
-<li>16. American Birds of Beauty</li>
-<li>17. Dutch Masterpieces</li>
-<li>18. Paris, the Incomparable</li>
-<li>19. Flowers of Decoration</li>
-<li>20. Makers of American Humor</li>
-<li>21. American Sea Painters</li>
-<li>22. Story of America in Pictures: The Explorers</li>
-<li>23. Sporting Vacations</li>
-<li>24. Switzerland: The Land of Scenic Splendors</li>
-<li>25. American Novelists</li>
-<li>26. American Landscape Painters</li>
-<li>27. Venice, the Island City</li>
-<li>28. The Wife in Art</li>
-<li>29. Great American Inventors</li>
-<li>30. Furniture and Its Makers</li>
-<li>31. Spain and Gibraltar</li>
-<li>32. Historic Spots of America</li>
-<li>33. Beautiful Buildings of the World</li>
-<li>34. Game Birds of America</li>
-<li>35. Story of America in Pictures: The Contest for North America</li>
-<li>36. Famous American Sculptors</li>
-<li>37. The Conquest of the Poles</li>
-<li>38. Napoleon</li>
-<li>39. The Mediterranean</li>
-<li>40. Angels in Art</li>
-<li>41. Famous Composers</li>
-<li>42. Egypt, the Land of Mystery</li>
-<li>43. Story of America in Pictures: The Revolution</li>
-<li>44. Famous English Poets</li>
-<li>45. Makers of American Art</li>
-<li>46. The Ruins of Rome</li>
-<li>47. Makers of Modern Opera</li>
-<li>48. Dürer and Holbein</li>
-<li>49. Vienna, the Queen City</li>
-<li>50. Ancient Athens</li>
-<li>51. The Barbizon Painters</li>
-<li>52. Abraham Lincoln</li>
-<li>53. George Washington</li>
-<li>54. Mexico</li>
-<li>55. Famous American Women Painters</li>
-<li>56. The Conquest of the Air</li>
-<li>57. Court Painters of France</li>
-<li>58. Holland</li>
-<li>59. Our Feathered Friends</li>
-<li>60. Glacier National Park</li>
-<li>61. Michelangelo</li>
-<li>62. American Colonial Furniture</li>
-<li>63. American Wild Flowers</li>
-<li>64. Gothic Architecture</li>
-<li>65. The Story of the Rhine</li>
-<li>66. Shakespeare</li>
-<li>67. American Mural Painters</li>
-<li>68. Celebrated Animal Characters</li>
-<li>69. Japan</li>
-<li>70. The Story of the French Revolution</li>
-<li>71. Rugs and Rug Making</li>
-<li>72. Alaska</li>
-<li>73. Charles Dickens</li>
-<li>74. Grecian Masterpieces</li>
-<li>75. Fathers of the Constitution</li>
-<li>76. Masters of the Piano</li>
-<li>77. American Historic Homes</li>
-<li>78. Beauty Spots of India</li>
-<li>79. Etchers and Etching</li>
-<li>80. Oliver Cromwell</li>
-<li>81. China</li>
-<li>82. Favorite Trees</li>
-<li>83. Yellowstone National Park</li>
-<li>84. Famous Women Writers of England</li>
-<li>85. Painters of Western Life</li>
-<li>86. China and Pottery of Our Forefathers</li>
-<li>87. The Story of The American Railroad</li>
-<li>88. Butterflies</li>
-<li>89. The Philippines</li>
-<li>90. Great Galleries of The World: The Louvre</li>
-<li>91. William M. Thackeray</li>
-<li>92. Grand Canyon of Arizona</li>
-<li>93. Architecture in American Country Homes</li>
-<li>94. The Story of The Danube</li>
-<li>95. Animals in Art</li>
-<li>96. The Holy Land</li>
-<li>97. John Milton</li>
-<li>98. Joan Of Arc</li>
-<li>99. Furniture of the Revolutionary Period</li>
-<li>100. The Ring of the Nibelung</li>
-<li>101. The Golden Age of Greece</li>
-<li>102. Chinese Rugs</li>
-<li>103. The War of 1812</li>
-<li>104. Great Galleries of the World: The National Gallery, London</li>
-<li>105. Masters of the Violin</li>
-<li>106. American Pioneer Prose Writers</li>
-<li>107. Old Silver</li>
-<li>108. Shakespeare’s Country</li>
-<li>109. Historic Gardens of New England</li>
-<li>110. The Weather</li>
-<li>111. American Poets of the Soil</li>
-<li>112. Argentina</li>
-<li>113. Game Animals of America</li>
-<li>114. Raphael</li>
-<li>115. Walter Scott</li>
-</ul>
-
-<p class="center">NUMBERS TO FOLLOW</p>
-
-<p class="hanging">October 16. JOHN PAUL JONES. <i>By Professor
-Albert Bushnell Hart, Harvard University.</i></p>
-
-<p class="hanging">November 1. RUSSIAN MUSIC. <i>By Henry T.
-Finck, Author and Music Critic.</i></p>
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION, INC.</p>
-
-<p class="center smaller">52 EAST 19th STREET, NEW YORK, N. Y.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<hr />
-
-<div class="bordered2">
-
-<p class="center larger">THE MENTOR</p>
-
-<p class="center"><i>WE OFFER YOU<br />
-<span class="larger">The Mentor Index FREE</span></i></p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="noindent">The MENTOR LIBRARY is itself a wonderful time
-saver. The Index, however, has now made it doubly
-valuable. Suppose, for instance, you have a letter
-to write, a speech to make; some member of your
-household has a paper for a woman’s club; one of the
-children has a topic assigned at school; where can material
-be found at a moment’s notice? Nowhere that we know of
-so readily, so concisely, so interestingly, as in this Index
-to The Mentor Library.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">Take the subject General Aguinaldo&mdash;who is often referred
-to in the papers these days. See what The Mentor
-says of him. In the Index you read:</p>
-
-<p class="center">Aguinaldo, Gen., No. 89, M. 1</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">You turn to Mentor 89, monograph one. There you find
-the life story of Aguinaldo, right down to the present.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">Remarkable, isn’t it? So it is on every one of the other
-thousands of subjects. You have at your finger tips what
-ordinarily would take you hours and even days to cover
-in scattered volumes. We offer one FREE, if you complete
-your Mentor Library now.</p>
-
-<p class="center">COST OF SETS OF PREVIOUS ISSUES</p>
-
-<table summary="Prices">
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 110 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">$16.50</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 100 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">15.00</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 90 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">13.50</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 80 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">12.00</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 70 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">10.50</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 60 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">9.00</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 50 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">7.50</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 40 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">6.00</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 30 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">4.50</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 20 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">3.00</td>
- </tr>
- <tr>
- <td>Issues Nos. 1 to 10 inclusive</td><td class="tdr">1.50</td>
- </tr>
-</table>
-
-<p class="center smaller">FIFTEEN CENTS EXTRA FOR ODD COPIES</p>
-
-<p class="center">Payable $1.00 on Receipt of Bill and $2.00 Monthly</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">SEND NO MONEY NOW! Merely tell us at once
-how many copies you need to complete your set.</p>
-
-<div class="bordered3">
-
-<p class="center">THE MENTOR ASSOCIATION</p>
-
-<p class="center">52 EAST NINETEENTH STREET&mdash;NEW YORK, N. Y.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<p class="center larger">MAKE THE SPARE<br />
-MOMENT COUNT</p>
-
-<div class="figcenter" style="width: 481px;">
-<img src="images/back.jpg" width="481" height="700" alt="Back cover page: We offer you The Mentor Index free" />
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The Mentor: The Yosemite Valley, Vol
-4, Num. 16, Serial No. 116, October , by Dwight L. Elmendorf
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE MENTOR: THE YOSEMITE ***
-
-***** This file should be named 52131-h.htm or 52131-h.zip *****
-This and all associated files of various formats will be found in:
- http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/1/3/52131/
-
-Produced by Juliet Sutherland and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will
-be renamed.
-
-Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright
-law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works,
-so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United
-States without permission and without paying copyright
-royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part
-of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project
-Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm
-concept and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark,
-and may not be used if you charge for the eBooks, unless you receive
-specific permission. If you do not charge anything for copies of this
-eBook, complying with the rules is very easy. You may use this eBook
-for nearly any purpose such as creation of derivative works, reports,
-performances and research. They may be modified and printed and given
-away--you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with eBooks
-not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject to the
-trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.
-
-START: FULL LICENSE
-
-THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
-PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK
-
-To protect the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting the free
-distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work
-(or any other work associated in any way with the phrase "Project
-Gutenberg"), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
-Project Gutenberg-tm License available with this file or online at
-www.gutenberg.org/license.
-
-Section 1. General Terms of Use and Redistributing Project
-Gutenberg-tm electronic works
-
-1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg-tm
-electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree to
-and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
-(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
-the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
-destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in your
-possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
-Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work and you do not agree to be bound
-by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from the
-person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in paragraph
-1.E.8.
-
-1.B. "Project Gutenberg" is a registered trademark. It may only be
-used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people who
-agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a few
-things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
-even without complying with the full terms of this agreement. See
-paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with Project
-Gutenberg-tm electronic works if you follow the terms of this
-agreement and help preserve free future access to Project Gutenberg-tm
-electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
-
-1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation ("the
-Foundation" or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the collection
-of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works. Nearly all the individual
-works in the collection are in the public domain in the United
-States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in the
-United States and you are located in the United States, we do not
-claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing, performing,
-displaying or creating derivative works based on the work as long as
-all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of course, we hope
-that you will support the Project Gutenberg-tm mission of promoting
-free access to electronic works by freely sharing Project Gutenberg-tm
-works in compliance with the terms of this agreement for keeping the
-Project Gutenberg-tm name associated with the work. You can easily
-comply with the terms of this agreement by keeping this work in the
-same format with its attached full Project Gutenberg-tm License when
-you share it without charge with others.
-
-1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also govern
-what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most countries are
-in a constant state of change. If you are outside the United States,
-check the laws of your country in addition to the terms of this
-agreement before downloading, copying, displaying, performing,
-distributing or creating derivative works based on this work or any
-other Project Gutenberg-tm work. The Foundation makes no
-representations concerning the copyright status of any work in any
-country outside the United States.
-
-1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:
-
-1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other
-immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg-tm License must appear
-prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg-tm work (any work
-on which the phrase "Project Gutenberg" appears, or with which the
-phrase "Project Gutenberg" is associated) is accessed, displayed,
-performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
-
- This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
- most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no
- restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it
- under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included with this
- eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the
- United States, you'll have to check the laws of the country where you
- are located before using this ebook.
-
-1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is
-derived from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not
-contain a notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the
-copyright holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in
-the United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
-redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase "Project
-Gutenberg" associated with or appearing on the work, you must comply
-either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 or
-obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project Gutenberg-tm
-trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
-
-1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg-tm electronic work is posted
-with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
-must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
-additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
-will be linked to the Project Gutenberg-tm License for all works
-posted with the permission of the copyright holder found at the
-beginning of this work.
-
-1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project Gutenberg-tm
-License terms from this work, or any files containing a part of this
-work or any other work associated with Project Gutenberg-tm.
-
-1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this
-electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
-prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
-active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
-Gutenberg-tm License.
-
-1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
-compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form, including
-any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you provide access
-to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg-tm work in a format
-other than "Plain Vanilla ASCII" or other format used in the official
-version posted on the official Project Gutenberg-tm web site
-(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
-to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
-of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original "Plain
-Vanilla ASCII" or other form. Any alternate format must include the
-full Project Gutenberg-tm License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.
-
-1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,
-performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg-tm works
-unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.
-
-1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing
-access to or distributing Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works
-provided that
-
-* You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
- the use of Project Gutenberg-tm works calculated using the method
- you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The fee is owed
- to the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm trademark, but he has
- agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to the Project
- Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty payments must be paid
- within 60 days following each date on which you prepare (or are
- legally required to prepare) your periodic tax returns. Royalty
- payments should be clearly marked as such and sent to the Project
- Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation at the address specified in
- Section 4, "Information about donations to the Project Gutenberg
- Literary Archive Foundation."
-
-* You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who notifies
- you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that s/he
- does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg-tm
- License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
- copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and discontinue
- all use of and all access to other copies of Project Gutenberg-tm
- works.
-
-* You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of
- any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in the
- electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90 days of
- receipt of the work.
-
-* You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
- distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm works.
-
-1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project
-Gutenberg-tm electronic work or group of works on different terms than
-are set forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing
-from both the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation and The
-Project Gutenberg Trademark LLC, the owner of the Project Gutenberg-tm
-trademark. Contact the Foundation as set forth in Section 3 below.
-
-1.F.
-
-1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend considerable
-effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe and proofread
-works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating the Project
-Gutenberg-tm collection. Despite these efforts, Project Gutenberg-tm
-electronic works, and the medium on which they may be stored, may
-contain "Defects," such as, but not limited to, incomplete, inaccurate
-or corrupt data, transcription errors, a copyright or other
-intellectual property infringement, a defective or damaged disk or
-other medium, a computer virus, or computer codes that damage or
-cannot be read by your equipment.
-
-1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except for the "Right
-of Replacement or Refund" described in paragraph 1.F.3, the Project
-Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner of the Project
-Gutenberg-tm trademark, and any other party distributing a Project
-Gutenberg-tm electronic work under this agreement, disclaim all
-liability to you for damages, costs and expenses, including legal
-fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT
-LIABILITY, BREACH OF WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
-PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE FOUNDATION, THE
-TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE
-LIABLE TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR
-INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH
-DAMAGE.
-
-1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you discover a
-defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it, you can
-receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by sending a
-written explanation to the person you received the work from. If you
-received the work on a physical medium, you must return the medium
-with your written explanation. The person or entity that provided you
-with the defective work may elect to provide a replacement copy in
-lieu of a refund. If you received the work electronically, the person
-or entity providing it to you may choose to give you a second
-opportunity to receive the work electronically in lieu of a refund. If
-the second copy is also defective, you may demand a refund in writing
-without further opportunities to fix the problem.
-
-1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth
-in paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you 'AS-IS', WITH NO
-OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT
-LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.
-
-1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied
-warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of
-damages. If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement
-violates the law of the state applicable to this agreement, the
-agreement shall be interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or
-limitation permitted by the applicable state law. The invalidity or
-unenforceability of any provision of this agreement shall not void the
-remaining provisions.
-
-1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the Foundation, the
-trademark owner, any agent or employee of the Foundation, anyone
-providing copies of Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works in
-accordance with this agreement, and any volunteers associated with the
-production, promotion and distribution of Project Gutenberg-tm
-electronic works, harmless from all liability, costs and expenses,
-including legal fees, that arise directly or indirectly from any of
-the following which you do or cause to occur: (a) distribution of this
-or any Project Gutenberg-tm work, (b) alteration, modification, or
-additions or deletions to any Project Gutenberg-tm work, and (c) any
-Defect you cause.
-
-Section 2. Information about the Mission of Project Gutenberg-tm
-
-Project Gutenberg-tm is synonymous with the free distribution of
-electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
-computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers. It
-exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and donations
-from people in all walks of life.
-
-Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the
-assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg-tm's
-goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg-tm collection will
-remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
-Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a secure
-and permanent future for Project Gutenberg-tm and future
-generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
-Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help, see
-Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
-www.gutenberg.org Section 3. Information about the Project Gutenberg
-Literary Archive Foundation
-
-The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non profit
-501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
-state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
-Revenue Service. The Foundation's EIN or federal tax identification
-number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg Literary
-Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent permitted by
-U.S. federal laws and your state's laws.
-
-The Foundation's principal office is in Fairbanks, Alaska, with the
-mailing address: PO Box 750175, Fairbanks, AK 99775, but its
-volunteers and employees are scattered throughout numerous
-locations. Its business office is located at 809 North 1500 West, Salt
-Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up to
-date contact information can be found at the Foundation's web site and
-official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact
-
-For additional contact information:
-
- Dr. Gregory B. Newby
- Chief Executive and Director
- gbnewby@pglaf.org
-
-Section 4. Information about Donations to the Project Gutenberg
-Literary Archive Foundation
-
-Project Gutenberg-tm depends upon and cannot survive without wide
-spread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
-increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can be
-freely distributed in machine readable form accessible by the widest
-array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small donations
-($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax exempt
-status with the IRS.
-
-The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating
-charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
-States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
-considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and keep up
-with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in locations
-where we have not received written confirmation of compliance. To SEND
-DONATIONS or determine the status of compliance for any particular
-state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate
-
-While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where we
-have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no prohibition
-against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in such states who
-approach us with offers to donate.
-
-International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make
-any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
-outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.
-
-Please check the Project Gutenberg Web pages for current donation
-methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of other
-ways including checks, online payments and credit card donations. To
-donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate
-
-Section 5. General Information About Project Gutenberg-tm electronic works.
-
-Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
-Gutenberg-tm concept of a library of electronic works that could be
-freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
-distributed Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks with only a loose network of
-volunteer support.
-
-Project Gutenberg-tm eBooks are often created from several printed
-editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
-the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
-necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
-edition.
-
-Most people start at our Web site which has the main PG search
-facility: www.gutenberg.org
-
-This Web site includes information about Project Gutenberg-tm,
-including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
-Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how to
-subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-</body>
-</html>
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/back.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/back.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 9c90c00..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/back.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/book.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/book.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index ca6abf4..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/book.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/cover.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/cover.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index a00c15b..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/cover.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-italic-r.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-italic-r.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 73a8099..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-italic-r.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index ed30372..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-f.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-f.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index eec73f6..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-f.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-i.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-i.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 75a3722..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-i.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 3fc9179..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/dropcap-plain-t.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/flower.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/flower.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 030b213..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/flower.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus15.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus15.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index ebe545a..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus15.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus16a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus16a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index d40c3a9..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus16a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus16b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus16b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index d11c44f..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus16b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus17a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus17a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 016bcfb..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus17a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus17b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus17b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index f92f2b6..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus17b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus18a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus18a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index c488568..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus18a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus18b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus18b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 7836119..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus18b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus19a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus19a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 93fcb36..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus19a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus19b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus19b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index eeaeade..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus19b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus20.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus20.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 84cea42..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus20.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus21a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus21a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index faff287..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus21a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus21b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus21b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b3e3f8..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus21b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus22a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus22a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 9bfdbe5..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus22a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus22b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus22b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index d4eafa0..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus22b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus23a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus23a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 2a9f4be..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus23a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus23b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus23b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 908c8e2..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus23b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus24a.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus24a.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 00e1e23..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus24a.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus24b.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus24b.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 05eafaf..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus24b.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus24c.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus24c.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 039ec3f..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus24c.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus25.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus25.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index fe2d498..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus25.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/illus26.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/illus26.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 52d22e5..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/illus26.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/leaf-double.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/leaf-double.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index eeda329..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/leaf-double.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate1.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate1.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 63ad34b..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate1.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate2.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate2.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index e0cdf29..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate2.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate3.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate3.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 4d2b5c2..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate3.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate4.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate4.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index a9eb6c9..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate4.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate5.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate5.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index df7e5af..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate5.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/plate6.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/plate6.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index ec4132e..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/plate6.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/signature.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/signature.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index cee101f..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/signature.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ
diff --git a/old/52131-h/images/stars.jpg b/old/52131-h/images/stars.jpg
deleted file mode 100644
index 7334d67..0000000
--- a/old/52131-h/images/stars.jpg
+++ /dev/null
Binary files differ