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diff --git a/old/52249-0.txt b/old/52249-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 4f9913c..0000000 --- a/old/52249-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5235 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Third or Prince -of Wales' Regiment of Dragoon Guards: Fro, by Richard Cannon - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with -almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or -re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included -with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org/license - - -Title: Historical Record of the Third or Prince of Wales' Regiment of Dragoon Guards: -From Its Formation in 1685 to 1838 - -Author: Richard Cannon - -Release Date: June 6, 2016 [EBook #52249] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD *** - - - - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x; for example, und^r (under) or vi^d - (six pence). - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the - text and consultation of external sources. - - More detail can be found at the end of the book. - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORDS - - OF THE - - BRITISH ARMY. - - - PREPARED FOR PUBLICATION UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE - ADJUTANT-GENERAL. - - - THE THIRD, - - OR - - PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS. - - - - - LONDON: - Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES and SONS, - 14, Charing Cross. - - - - -GENERAL ORDERS. - - - _HORSE-GUARDS_, - _1st January_, 1836. - -His Majesty has been pleased to command, that, with a view of doing -the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals who have -distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with the Enemy, -an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the British Army -shall be published under the superintendence and direction of the -Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall contain the following -particulars: _viz._, - - ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of - the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time - employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations, - in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any - Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies, - &c., it may have captured from the Enemy. - - ---- The Names of the Officers and the number of Non-Commissioned - Officers and Privates, Killed or Wounded by the Enemy, specifying - the Place and Date of the Action. - - ---- The Names of those Officers, who, in consideration of their - Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the - Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other - Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour. - - ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers - and Privates as may have specially signalized themselves in - Action. - - And, - - ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been - permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges - or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted. - - By Command of the Right Honourable - GENERAL LORD HILL, - _Commanding-in-Chief_. - - JOHN MACDONALD, - _Adjutant-General_. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend upon -the zeal and ardour, by which all who enter into its service are -animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that any -measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which alone -great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted. - -Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable -object, than a full display of the noble deeds with which the -Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright -examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to incite -him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have preceded him -in their honourable career, are among the motives that have given -rise to the present publication. - -The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the -'London Gazette,' from whence they are transferred into the public -prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the -time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and -admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions, -the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on the -Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their orders, -expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill and bravery, -and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour of their -Sovereign's Approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier most -highly prizes. - -It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which -appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies) -for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services -and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in -obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic account -of their origin and subsequent services. - -This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty -having been pleased to command, that every Regiment shall in future -keep a full and ample record of its services at home and abroad. - -From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth -derive information as to the difficulties and privations which -chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In -Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to -the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and -where these pursuits have, for so long a period, been undisturbed -by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped, -comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service, -and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the -British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little or -no interval of repose. - -In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country -derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist -and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to -reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on -their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which so -many national benefits are obtained and preserved. - -The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance, -have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and -their character has been established in Continental warfare by the -irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in -spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and -steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against -superior numbers. - -In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample -justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the -Corps employed; but the details of their services, and of acts of -individual bravery, can only be fully given in the Annals of the -various Regiments. - -These Records are now preparing for publication, under His Majesty's -special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk of the -Adjutant-General's Office; and while the perusal of them cannot fail -to be useful and interesting to military men of every rank, it is -considered that they will also afford entertainment and information -to the general reader, particularly to those who may have served in -the Army, or who have relatives in the Service. - -There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or are -serving, in the Army, an _Esprit du Corps_--an attachment to every -thing belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of -the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove interesting. -Authentic accounts of the actions of the great,--the valiant,--the -loyal, have always been of paramount interest with a brave and -civilised people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes who, -in moments of danger and terror, have stood, "firm as the rocks -of their native shore;" and when half the World has been arrayed -against them, they have fought the battles of their Country with -unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of achievements -in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained by our -countrymen,--our brothers--our fellow-citizens in arms,--a record -which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant deeds -before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the public. - -Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished -Officers, will be introduced in the Records of their respective -Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to -time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value and -importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth. - -As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment will -be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall be -completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession. - - - - -INTRODUCTION. - - -The ancient Armies of England were composed of Horse and Foot; but -the feudal troops established by William the Conqueror in 1086, -consisted almost entirely of Horse. Under the feudal system, every -holder of land amounting to what was termed a "knight's fee," was -required to provide a charger, a coat of mail, a helmet, a shield, -and a lance, and to serve the Crown a period of forty days in each -year at his own expense; and the great landholders had to provide -armed men in proportion to the extent of their estates; consequently -the ranks of the feudal Cavalry were completed with men of property, -and the vassals and tenants of the great barons, who led their -dependents to the field in person. - -In the succeeding reigns the Cavalry of the Army was composed of -Knights (or men at arms) and Hobiliers (or horsemen of inferior -degree); and the Infantry of spear and battle-axe men, cross-bowmen, -and archers. The Knights wore armour on every part of the body, -and their weapons were a lance, a sword, and a small dagger. The -Hobiliers were accoutred and armed for the light and less important -services of war, and were not considered qualified for a charge in -line. Mounted Archers[1] were also introduced, and the English nation -eventually became pre-eminent in the use of the bow. - -About the time of Queen Mary the appellation of "_Men at Arms_" -was changed to that of "_Spears_ and _Launces_." The introduction -of fire-arms ultimately occasioned the lance to fall into disuse, -and the title of the Horsemen of the first degree was changed to -"_Cuirassiers_." The Cuirassiers were armed _cap-à-pié_, and their -weapons were a sword with a straight narrow blade and sharp point, -and a pair of large pistols, called petrenels; and the Hobiliers -carried carbines. The Infantry carried pikes, matchlocks, and swords. -The introduction of fire-arms occasioned the formation of regiments -armed and equipped as infantry, but mounted on small horses for the -sake of expedition of movement, and these were styled "_Dragoons_;" -a small portion of the military force of the kingdom, however, -consisted of this description of troops. - -The formation of the present Army commenced after the Restoration -in 1660, with the establishment of regular corps of Horse and Foot; -the Horsemen were cuirassiers, but only wore armour on the head and -body; and the Foot were pikemen and musketeers. The arms which each -description of force carried, are described in the following extract -from the "Regulations of King Charles II.," dated 5th May, 1663:-- - - "Each Horseman to have for his defensive armes, back, breast, - and pot; and for his offensive armes, a sword, and a case of - pistolls, the barrels whereof are not to be und^r. foorteen - inches in length; and each Trooper of Our Guards to have a - carbine, besides the aforesaid armes. And the Foote to have - each souldier a sword, and each pikeman a pike of 16 foote long - and not und^r.; and each musqueteer a musquet, with a collar of - bandaliers, the barrels of which musquet to be about foor foote - long, and to conteine a bullet, foorteen of which shall weigh a - pound weight[2]." - -The ranks of the Troops of Horse were at this period composed of men -of some property--generally the sons of substantial yeomen: the young -men received as recruits provided their own horses, and they were -placed on a rate of pay sufficient to give them a respectable station -in society. - -On the breaking out of the war with Holland, in the spring of 1672, -a Regiment of Dragoons was raised[3]; the Dragoons were placed on a -lower rate of pay than the Horse; and the Regiment was armed similar -to the Infantry, excepting that a limited number of the men carried -halberds instead of pikes, and the others muskets and bayonets; and a -few men in each Troop had pistols; as appears by a warrant dated the -2nd of April, 1672, of which the following is an extract:-- - - "CHARLES R. - - "Our will and pleasure is, that a Regiment of Dragoones which - we have established and ordered to be raised, in twelve Troopes - of fourscore in each beside officers, who are to be under the - command of Our most deare and most intirely beloved Cousin Prince - Rupert, shall be armed out of Our stoares remaining within Our - office of the Ordinance, as followeth; that is to say, three - corporalls, two serjeants, the gentlemen at armes, and twelve - souldiers of each of the said twelve Troopes, are to have and - carry each of them one halbard, and one case of pistolls with - holsters; and the rest of the souldiers of the several Troopes - aforesaid, are to have and to carry each of them one matchlocke - musquet, with a collar of bandaliers, and also to have and to - carry one bayonet[4], or great knife. That each lieutenant have - and carry one partizan; and that two drums be delivered out for - each Troope of the said Regiment[5]." - -Several regiments of Horse and Dragoons were raised in the first year -of the reign of King James II.; and the horsemen carried a short -carbine[6] in addition to the sword and pair of pistols: and in a -Regulation dated the 21st of February, 1687, the arms of the Dragoons -at that period are commanded to be as follow:-- - - "The Dragoons to have snaphanse musquets, strapt, with bright - barrels of three foote eight inches long, cartouch-boxes, - bayonetts, granado pouches, bucketts, and hammer-hatchetts." - -After several years' experience, little advantage was found to -accrue from having Cavalry Regiments formed almost exclusively for -engaging the enemy on foot; and, the Horse having laid aside their -armour, the arms and equipment of Horse and Dragoons were so nearly -assimilated, that there remained little distinction besides the name -and rate of pay. The introduction of improvements into the mounting, -arming, and equipment of Dragoons rendered them competent to the -performance of every description of service required of Cavalry; -and, while the long musket and bayonet were retained, to enable them -to act as Infantry, if necessary, they were found to be equally -efficient, and of equal value to the nation, as Cavalry, with the -Regiments of Horse. - -In the several augmentations made to the regular Army after the -early part of the reign of Queen Anne, no new Regiments of Horse -were raised for permanent service; and in 1746 King George II. -reduced three of the old Regiments of Horse to the quality and pay of -Dragoons; at the same time, His Majesty gave them the title of First, -Second, and Third Regiments of _Dragoon Guards_: and in 1788 the -same alteration was made in the remaining four Regiments of Horse, -which then became the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Regiments of -_Dragoon Guards_. - -At present there are only three Regiments which are styled _Horse_ -in the British Army, namely, the two Regiments of Life Guards, and -the Royal Regiment of Horse Guards, to whom cuirasses have recently -been restored. The other Cavalry Regiments consist of Dragoon Guards, -Heavy and Light Dragoons, Hussars, and Lancers; and although the long -musket and bayonet have been laid aside by the whole of the Cavalry, -and the Regiments are armed and equipped on the principle of the old -Horse (excepting the cuirass), they continue to be styled Dragoons. - -The old Regiments of Horse formed a highly respectable and efficient -portion of the Army, and it is found, on perusing the histories of -the various campaigns in which they have been engaged, that they -have, on all occasions, maintained a high character for steadiness -and discipline, as well as for bravery in action. They were formerly -mounted on horses of superior weight and physical power, and few -troops could withstand a well-directed charge of the celebrated -British Horse. The records of these corps embrace a period of 150 -years--a period eventful in history, and abounding in instances of -heroism displayed by the British troops when danger has threatened -the nation,--a period in which these Regiments have numbered in their -ranks men of loyalty, valour, and good conduct, worthy of imitation. - -Since the Regiments of Horse were formed into Dragoon Guards, -additional improvements have been introduced into the constitution of -the several corps; and the superior description of horses now bred in -the United Kingdom enables the commanding officers to remount their -regiments with such excellent horses, that, whilst sufficient weight -has been retained for a powerful charge in line, a lightness has -been acquired which renders them available for every description of -service incident to modern warfare. - -The orderly conduct of these Regiments in quarters has gained the -confidence and esteem of the respectable inhabitants of the various -parts of the United Kingdom in which they have been stationed; their -promptitude and alacrity in attending to the requisitions of the -magistrates in periods of excitement, and the temper, patience, -and forbearance which they have evinced when subjected to great -provocation, insult, and violence from the misguided populace, prove -the value of these troops to the Crown, and to the Government of the -country, and justify the reliance which is reposed on them. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] In the 14th year of the reign of Edward IV. a small force was -established in Ireland by Parliament, consisting of 120 Archers on -horseback, 40 Horsemen, and 40 Pages. - -[2] Military Papers, State Paper Office. - -[3] This Regiment was disbanded after the Peace in 1674. - -[4] This appears to be the first introduction of _bayonets_ into the -English Army. - -[5] State Paper Office. - -[6] The first issue of carbines to the regular Horse appears to have -taken place in 1678; the Life Guards, however, carried carbines from -their formation in 1660.--Vide the 'Historical Record of the Life -Guards.' - - - - - HISTORICAL RECORD - - OF - - THE THIRD, - - OR - - PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT - - OF - - DRAGOON GUARDS. - - CONTAINING AN ACCOUNT OF - - THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT IN 1685, - - AND OF - - ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES TO 1838. - - - _ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES._ - - - LONDON: - PRINTED BY WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, - 14, CHARING CROSS. - - 1838. - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - Anno Page - - 1685 Monmouth's Rebellion--The Regiment raised 1 - - ---- Obtains rank as _Fourth Horse_ 2 - - ---- Equipped as CUIRASSIERS 3 - - ---- Reviewed by King James II. -- - - 1686 First Establishment 5 - - ---- Encamps on Hounslow Heath--Reviewed by the - King--Names of Officers 6 - - 1688 The Revolution--Cuirasses delivered into Store 7 - - 1689 Proceeds to Scotland 10 - - ---- Skirmish at St. Johnston 14 - - ---- Returns to England 15 - - 1691 Proceeds to the Netherlands 16 - - 1692 Battle of Steenkirk 17 - - 1693 ---- ---- Landen 18 - - 1695 Covering the Siege of Namur 21 - - 1697 Returns to England 22 - - 1702 Proceeds to Holland 23 - - ---- Covering the Sieges of Venloo, Ruremonde, Stevenswaert, - and Liege 24 and 25 - - 1703 Skirmish near Haneff, and Covering the Sieges - of Huy and Limburg 26 - - 1704 Battle of Schellenberg 28 - - ---- ---- ---- Blenheim 30 - - ---- Covering the Siege of Landau 33 - - 1705 ---- ---- ---- ---- Huy 34 - - ---- Forcing the French Lines -- - - ---- Covering the Siege of Sandvliet 36 - - 1706 Battle of Ramilies -- - - 1707 Cuirasses restored 39 - - 1708 Battle of Oudenarde 40 - - ---- Covering the Siege of Lisle 41 - - ---- Battle of Wynendale 41 - - 1709 Covering the Siege of Tournay -- - - ---- Battle of Malplaquet -- - - ---- Covering the Siege of Mons 44 - - 1710 Ditto of Douay, Bethune, Aire, and St. Venant -- - - 1711 Covering the Siege of Bouchain 45 - - 1714 Returns to England--Cuirasses delivered into - Store 46 - - 1715 Rebellion of the Earl of Mar 47 - - 1722 Encamped near Andover, &c., and Reviewed - by King George I. 48 - - 1727 Reviewed by George II. 49 - - 1731 Ditto -- - - 1738 Ditto 50 - - 1741 Encamped on Lexdon Heath -- - - 1743 Sent in Pursuit of Semphill's Highlanders -- - - 1745 Rebellion in Favour of the Pretender 52 - - 1746 Reduced to the Quality of _Dragoons_, and - styled _The Third Regiment of Dragoon - Guards_ 53 - - 1754 Employed on Coast Duty 57 - - 1755 A Light Troop added to the Regiment 58 - - 1757 Encamped on Salisbury Plain -- - - 1758 Expedition to the Coast of France 59 - - ---- Proceeds to Germany 61 - - 1759 Battles of Bergen and Minden 62 - - 1760 Skirmish at Corbach 64 - - ---- Battle of Warbourg 66 - - 1761 ---- ---- Kirch-Denkern 68 - - ---- Skirmish at Capelnhagen 69 - - ---- ---- ---- Eimbeck and Foorwohle 70 - - 1762 Battle of Groebenstien -- - - ---- Skirmish near the Fulda 71 - - 1763 Returns to England 72 - - ---- Light Troop disbanded -- - - 1764 Reviewed by King George III. -- - - ---- Remounted with long-tailed Horses 73 - - 1765 Styled _The Prince of Wales' Regiment of - Dragoon Guards_ -- - - 1766 Drummers replaced by Trumpeters 74 - - 1768 Reviewed by King George III. -- - - 1770 Ditto -- - - 1772 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1773 Returns to England -- - - 1779 Light Troop transferred to 20th Light Dragoons 75 - - ---- Encamped on Lexdon Heath -- - - 1780 Riots in London 75 - - 1788 Proceeds to Scotland 76 - - 1789 Returns to England -- - - 1793 Four Troops embark for Flanders 77 - - ---- Covering the Sieges of Valenciennes and Dunkirk -- - - 1794 Action at Premont and Cateau 78 - - ---- Battle of Tournay 79 - - ---- Retreat through Holland to Germany 80 - - 1795 Embarks for England 81 - - 1799 Encamps near Swinley--To be mounted on nag-tailed - Horses -- - - 1800 Reviewed by King George III. -- - - 1803 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1804 Embarks for Ireland -- - - 1805 Returns to England 82 - - 1809 Eight Troops embark for Portugal 83 - - ---- Battle of Talavera 84 - - 1810 In reserve during the Battle of Busaco 88 - - 1811 Skirmish near Badajoz 90 - - ---- ---- ---- Los Santos 91 - - ---- Battle of Albuhera -- - - ---- Action at Usagre 92 - - 1812 Covering the Siege of Ciudad Rodrigo 93 - - ---- ---- ---- ---- ---- Badajoz 94 - - ---- Skirmish near Llecena -- - - ---- ---- ---- Llera -- - - ---- ---- ---- Belango 96 - - ---- Advances to Madrid 98 - - ---- Returns to Portugal 99 - - 1813 Skirmish near Salamanca 100 - - ---- Battle of Vittoria -- - - ---- In reserve during the Battle of the Pyrenees 101 - - 1814 Advances into France -- - - ---- Skirmish near St. Guadens, and Battle of Toulouse 102 - - 1814 Returns to England 102 - - 1815 The word _Peninsula_ to be borne on the Standards 103 - - ---- Six Troops embark for Flanders 104 - - ---- Advances to Paris, and Reviewed by the Sovereigns - of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and France -- - - 1816 Embarks for England -- - - 1816 Embarks for Ireland 105 - - 1819 Facings altered from _Blue_ to _Yellow_ -- - - 1820 Proceeds to Scotland -- - - 1822 Attends on King George IV. on his Visit to - Scotland 106 - - ---- Marches to England -- - - ---- Riots at Newcastle, &c. -- - - 1824 Proceeds to Ireland 107 - - 1828 ---- ---- Scotland 108 - - 1829 Returns to England -- - - 1831 Riots at Bristol, &c. 109 - - 1834 Embarks for Ireland 111 - - 1837 Returns to England -- - - 1838 The Conclusion -- - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS. - - Anno Page - - 1685 Thomas Earl of Plymouth 113 - - 1687 Sir John Fenwick, Bart. 115 - - 1688 Richard Viscount Colchester 116 - - 1692 John Lord Berkeley 117 - - 1694 Cornelius Wood 118 - - 1712 Thomas Viscount Windsor 119 - - 1717 George Wade 120 - - 1748 Honourable Sir Charles Howard, K.B. 121 - - 1765 Lord Robert Manners 122 - - 1782 Philip Honeywood 123 - - 1785 Richard Burton Philipson 124 - - 1792 Sir William Fawcett, K.B. 125 - - 1804 Richard Vyse 127 - - 1825 Sir William Payne, Bart. 128 - - 1831 Samuel Hawker, G.C.H. 129 - - -LIST OF PLATES. - - The Uniform of 1687 to face page 6. - - " 1838 " 112. - - - - - THE THIRD, - - OR - - PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT - - OF - - DRAGOON GUARDS, - - BEARS ON ITS STANDARDS AS A REGIMENTAL BADGE - - A CORONET, WITH A PLUME OF THREE FEATHERS, - - A RISING SUN, AND A RED DRAGON, - - WITH THE MOTTO - - "_ICH DIEN_," - - AND THE FOLLOWING INSCRIPTIONS,-- - - "TALAVERA"--"ALBUHERA"--"VITTORIA"--"PENINSULA." - - - - -HISTORICAL RECORD - -OF THE - -THIRD, OR PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT - -OF - -DRAGOON GUARDS. - - -[Sidenote: 1685] - -In the month of June, 1685, when the Duke of Monmouth raised the -standard of rebellion in the west of England, many of the nobility -and gentry displayed their loyalty by raising forces for the service -of their Sovereign; and during the alarm and consternation which -prevailed throughout the country, Thomas Earl of Plymouth,--a -nobleman highly distinguished for loyalty and attachment to the -crown,[7]--a veteran who had fought the battles of his King against -the forces of Cromwell,--raised a troop of horse in Worcestershire; -another troop was raised by Claudius Earl of Abercorn in Oxfordshire; -a third by Henry Lord Eyland at St. Alban's and its vicinity; -a fourth by Henry Lord Grey at Dunstable and other towns in -Bedfordshire; a fifth by Lionel Walden, Esq., at Huntingdon and its -vicinity; and a sixth by Mr. Ambrose Brown in the neighbourhood -of Dorking;[8] and, when the decisive battle of Sedgemoor, with -the capture and execution of the Duke of Monmouth, had destroyed -the hopes of the disaffected, the six troops raised by the above -distinguished noblemen and gentlemen were incorporated into a -regiment, which ranked as FOURTH HORSE; and the corps thus formed -having been continued in the service of the crown until the present -time, it is now distinguished by the title of the THIRD, OR PRINCE -OF WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS, and the various operations in -which it has been engaged, with the part it has taken in battles, -sieges, and other occurrences, through many eventful periods of -history, form the subject of this brief memoir. - -The Colonelcy was conferred on the Earl of Plymouth, by commission -dated the 15th of July, 1685, and the Lieut.-Colonelcy on Hugh -Sunderland, an officer of experience, who had been Major of the -Royal Dragoons since 1683. The FOURTH HORSE were armed and equipped -as CUIRASSIERS.[9] The men wore hats with broad brims, bound with -silver lace, turned up on one side and ornamented with green ribands; -scarlet coats lined with green shalloon, and high boots made of -jacked leather; they had also scarlet cloaks lined with green, and -green horse-furniture embroidered with white, and ornamented with -the King's cypher and crown. Their cuirasses were pistol-proof, and -they had also iron headpieces called potts. Their weapons were a -sword, a pair of pistols, and a short carbine; and, thus equipped, -these loyal yeomen had a formidable and warlike appearance. In a -few weeks after the regiment was formed, it marched into quarters -in Buckinghamshire (viz., to Amersham, Aylesbury, and Marlow), and, -having been instructed in the plain and simple exercises practised -at that period, it was reviewed on the 20th of August by the King on -Hounslow Heath, and again on the 22nd of that month. - -After these reviews the FOURTH HORSE marched into winter quarters -at several towns in Gloucestershire; and it is a curious particular -in the annals of the regiment, that the first service it was called -upon to perform was enforcing obedience to an Act of Parliament which -prohibited the cultivation of tobacco. The increased consumption -and high price of this article had induced several landholders to -cultivate it on their farms, in violation of the law, particularly -at Winchcomb and the villages in that neighbourhood. One troop was -stationed for a short time at Winchcomb expressly for the purpose of -preventing the cultivation of this herb; and when the men left that -town the following paragraph appeared in the order for their march: -'Our further will and pleasure is, that you cause parties to be sent, -once at least in every week, to our town of Winchcomb and places -adjacent, who are hereby ordered to destroy all plants, seeds, and -leaves of tobacco which they shall, upon the strictest search, find -planted or growing contrary to the Act of Parliament.'[10] - -[Sidenote: 1686] - -During its stay in Gloucestershire, the first inspection of the -regiment was made by Brigadier-General Sir John Lanier, one of -the inspecting-generals of cavalry; and the establishment of the -regiment, with the rates of pay of each rank, was fixed by a warrant -under the sign manual, bearing date the 1st of January, 1686, from -which the following is an extract:-- - - +--------------------------------------------------------------------+ - | THE EARL OF PLYMOUTH'S REGIMENT OF HORSE. | - +-----------------------------------------------------+--------------+ - | FIELD AND STAFF-OFFICERS. | Per Diem. | - +-----------------------------------------------------+----+----+----+ - | | £. |_s._|_d._| - | The Colonel, _as Colonel_ | 0 | 12 | 0 | - | Lieutenant-Colonel, _as Lieut.-Colonel_ | 0 | 8 | 0 | - | The Major (_who has no troop_), for himself, } | | | | - | horses, and servants } | 1 | 0 | 0 | - | Adjutant | 0 | 5 | 0 | - | Chaplain | 0 | 6 | 8 | - | Chirurgeon iv^s per day, and j horse to carry his } | | | | - | chest, ij^s per day } | 0 | 6 | 0 | - | A Kettle-Drummer to the Colonel's troop | 0 | 3 | 0 | - | +----+----+----+ - | | 3 | 0 | 8 | - | +----+----+----+ - | THE COLONEL'S TROOP. | | | | - | The Colonel, _as Captaine_, x^s per day, and ij } | | | | - | horses, each at ij^s per day } | 0 | 14 | 0 | - | Lieutenant vi^s, and ij horses, each at ij^s | 0 | 10 | 0 | - | Cornett v^s, and ij horses, each at ij^s | 0 | 9 | 0 | - | Quarter-Master iv^s, and i horse, at ij^s | 0 | 6 | 0 | - | Three Corporals, each at iij^s per day | 0 | 9 | 0 | - | Two Trumpeters, each at ij^s viii^d | 0 | 5 | 4 | - | Forty Private Soldiers, each at ij^s vi^d per day | 5 | 0 | 0 | - | +----+----+----+ - | | 7 | 13 | 4 | - | FIVE TROOPS MORE, of the same numbers, and at the } | | | | - | same rates of pay as the Colonel's troop } | 38 | 6 | 8 | - | +----+----+----+ - | TOTAL FOR THIS REGIMENT PER DIEM | 49 | 0 | 8 | - | +----+----+----+ - | PER ANNUM £17,897 | 3 | 4 | - +-----------------------------------------------------+----+----+----+ - -Immediately after the establishment was finally arranged, the FOURTH -HORSE were ordered to march into quarters in the metropolis, where -they arrived in February, 1686, to assist the Life Guards in the -duties of the court; at the same time a detachment of one officer -and six men proceeded to Liverpool to convey the specie collected -by the officers of the revenue at that port from thence to London; -which was probably a very necessary service, as the King, by doubling -the strength of his regular army, had made a great increase in his -expenditure. - -During the summer of this year the regiment was encamped on Hounslow -Heath, where it was several times reviewed by the King, and -afterwards went into quarters at Cambridge, Huntingdon, and St. Ives. - -At this period the following Officers were holding commissions in the -regiment:-- - - CAPTAINS. LIEUTENANTS. CORNETS. - - Troop. - - 1st. Earl of Plymouth (Col.) Humphry Perott. Thos. Wendover. - 2nd. Hugh Sunderland (Lt. Col.) Doyley Mitchell. Wm. Wentworth. - 3rd. Earl of Abercorn. Henry Holford. Vincent Martin. - 4th. Henry Lord Eyland. Edm. Pendergrast. Wm. Fenwick. - 5th. Ambrose Brown. Thomas Platt. Daniel Vivian. - 6th. Sir Thos. Bludworth. Peter Barnsley. M. D. Morton. - - Lionel Walden Major. - Thomas Hodds Chaplain. - Thomas Platt Adjutant. - Thomas Jones Chirurgeon. - -[Sidenote: 1687] - -In the summer of 1687 the regiment was again quartered for a short -time in London, and it was subsequently encamped on Hounslow Heath, -where a series of reviews and mock-battles were performed by the -troops in presence of the court. The King spent much of his time -on the Heath witnessing the exercise of the several corps, and -endeavouring to ingratiate himself in the affections of his army, -in order to render it subservient in the execution of his designs -against the established religion and laws of the country. - -[Illustration: Fourth Horse, 1687. Constituted Third Dragoon Guards -in 1746. [To face page 6.] - -On the 3rd of November, in this year, the Earl of Plymouth died, and -the Colonelcy of the FOURTH HORSE was given to Brigadier-General -Sir John Fenwick, who had for several years held the appointment of -Lieut.-Colonel of the Second Troop, now Second Regiment, of Life -Guards; he was also one of the inspecting generals of cavalry, and -was known to be firmly attached to the King, and a zealous supporter -of the measures of the court. Several officers resigned their -commissions, and they were replaced by men whose principles were -presumed to be favourable to papacy and absolute monarchy. - -[Sidenote: 1688] - -Although the nation was at peace, and arts and manufactures were -prospering, yet the minds of the people were troubled, for they -saw the King proceeding with rapid progress towards effecting the -overthrow of the established religion and laws of the kingdom; while -the nobility appeared resolved to make a stand against the arbitrary -measures of the court. Thus, the FOURTH HORSE, when they had been -only three years in the service of the crown, found themselves in a -most perplexing situation; yet their conduct was so truly honourable, -that every individual who has served in the corps may reflect with -exultation on the fact that, throughout the whole period of its -service, its reputation has been preserved untarnished. In the -summer of 1688 it again erected its tents on Hounslow Heath; and, -several Bishops having been imprisoned and brought to trial for not -acquiescing in the King's measures, on the day they were acquitted, -his Majesty, after reviewing the army on the Heath, dined in the -Earl of Feversham's tent when, on a sudden, the soldiers began to -shout and huzza; the King inquired the cause of the noise, and -was answered--'Nothing, your Majesty, but the soldiers shouting -because the Bishops are acquitted.' The King answered, with evident -displeasure, 'Call you that nothing?' and dismissed the troops to -their quarters, resolving (according to the historians of that -period) never to call them together again until he had remodelled -them, by the dismissal of protestants and the introduction of -papists. But events were ripe for execution; and the Prince of Orange -was, in compliance with the solicitations of the English nobility, -preparing an expedition for England to support the established -religion and laws. - -When the FOURTH HORSE left Hounslow Heath, they proceeded into -quarters at Oxford and Woodstock. In the beginning of November they -marched to Alresford; and when the Prince of Orange landed at Torbay, -they were ordered to advance to Salisbury, where King James's army -was assembled; before leaving Alresford, the men, in consequence -of an order from the Secretary-at-War, placed their ARMOUR under -the charge of the civil authorities of the town, from whence it was -subsequently removed to the Tower of London. - -King James arrived at Salisbury to command the forces in person, -where he again discovered the reluctance of the troops to support -the proceedings of the jesuitical faction by which he was governed; -and, alarmed by the desertions which took place, he fled to London -and ultimately to France. Several corps went over to the Prince of -Orange; but the FOURTH HORSE preserved their fidelity to King James -until that unhappy monarch forsook the throne; and when the Prince -assumed the reins of government, His Highness ordered the regiment to -march to Dorking and Ryegate, where it received a draught of 100 men -and horses from the Marquis de Miremont's[11] regiment of horse, a -newly-raised corps which was ordered to be disbanded. - -Sir John Fenwick, adhering to the interest of King James, resigned -his commission; and the Colonelcy of the regiment was given to Lord -Colchester, from the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Fourth Troop of Life -Guards, who was one of the first officers that joined the Prince of -Orange at Exeter, and took with him several men of his troop. - -[Sidenote: 1689] - -After the flight of the King, the Roman Catholic soldiers committed -some irregularities; and in January, 1689, a squadron of the FOURTH -HORSE, with a detachment of Sir George Hewyt's Horse (now Sixth -Dragoon Guards), marched to Lewes and Chichester, where they caused -three regiments of Irish Roman Catholics[12] to lay down their -arms, and afterwards escorted them to Portsmouth; from whence they -were removed, under a strong guard, to the Isle of Wight, and were -subsequently, sent to Hamburg, and disposed of in the service of the -Emperor of Germany. - -In the mean time the accession of King William and Queen Mary -to the throne was opposed in Scotland, and Viscount Dundee was -actively engaged in exciting the northern shires, particularly the -Highlanders, to take arms in favour of King James. The FOURTH HORSE, -after transferring thirty men and horses to the Blues (which regiment -was ordered to proceed to Holland), marched for Scotland, and were -placed under the command of Major-General Mackay. - -Having arrived at Edinburgh early in April, the FOURTH HORSE formed -part of the force employed in the siege of the castle, which the -Duke of Gordon held possession of for King James. Shortly afterwards -one squadron of the regiment, with two squadrons of the Royal Scots -Dragoons (the Greys), and two hundred foot, accompanied Major-General -Mackay to the town of Dundee, where two troops of the Royal Scots -Dragoons were left, and the remainder proceeded in quest of the -rebels. - -Major-General Mackay having ascertained that Viscount Dundee had -joined Macdonald of Keppoch, who lay before Inverness with a thousand -men, determined to confront them with his little band. He crossed the -Spey, and advanced to Elgin with all possible speed, and throughout -the march he was rejoiced (as he observes in his memoirs) to find his -troops animated with the same spirit as himself. - -At Elgin the squadron of the FOURTH HORSE halted two days in quarters -of refreshment, the men and horses being nearly exhausted. On the -third day they proceeded towards Forres, and on the march the -General ascertained that Viscount Dundee had taken the road through -Badenoch to Lochaber. The squadron then proceeded to Inverness, -where Major-General Mackay invited the influential persons in the -neighbourhood to meet him to concert measures for opposing the -rebels; and, expecting that Viscount Dundee would soon appear with a -vast accession of force, several additional corps were ordered from -Edinburgh to Inverness. At the same time the remainder of the FOURTH -HORSE were also directed to proceed to the same destination. - -On the 28th of May the squadron of the regiment at Inverness, with -some other troops, in all 640 men, accompanied General Mackay in -his advance towards Ruthven Castle, where he expected to meet -Colonel Ramsay with 600 Dutch infantry from Edinburgh; but before -the general reached the Castle, he ascertained that Ramsay had been -intimidated by the threatening aspect of the Athol men, and finding -himself in a wild country, to which he was a stranger, surrounded -by enemies, he had returned towards Perth: at the same time General -Mackay was informed that Viscount Dundee with 2000 hardy mountaineers -had arrived that morning at the heights of Badenoch. Under these -perplexing circumstances, Mackay turned to the left; then, proceeding -down Strathspey, he continued his march for twenty-four hours without -a halt; when, having attained a considerable distance in advance of -the enemy, he slackened his pace, and was soon afterwards joined by -two troops of the Royal Scots Dragoons from the town of Dundee. In -the mean time, the enemy followed with all possible expedition, -and on their near approach, General Mackay ascertained that several -of his officers carried on a secret correspondence with Viscount -Dundee, at the same time he had reason to doubt the fidelity of -the Scots dragoons. The general, having only the squadron of the -FOURTH HORSE and a few Dutch infantry and Scots irregulars on whom -he could depend, once more found himself in a perplexing situation; -and, not deeming it prudent to march through an hostile country--all -papists, with an enemy at his heels four times more numerous than -his own little detachment--he commenced his march, at dusk in the -evening, by the side of the river, with hungry men and hungry horses, -though resolute, particularly the squadron of the FOURTH HORSE, and -200 fusileers, on whom he principally relied.[13] On arriving at -Balveny, the troops halted to procure bread for the men and oats -for the horses. Having, however, sent out scouts, and none of them -returning, General Mackay ordered his party to march forward before -the bread was baked, or the horses had eaten a feed of corn, nor -halted until four o'clock on the next morning, when neither cavalry -nor infantry were able to proceed. However, after two hours' rest, -during which time the horses were permitted to feed in a field of -corn, he proceeded three miles farther, and took post at the foot -of Suy Hill, where he had a view for two miles in every direction -in which the enemy could approach. Here the men had some repose, -and, their provisions being exhausted, a further supply was sent -for from a house in the neighbourhood belonging to the Lord Forbes; -but before the food was prepared the general found it necessary -to resume his march. On the same day he was joined by Berkeley's -(now Fourth) Dragoons, and Leslie's (now Fifteenth) Regiment of -Foot. Thus reinforced he resolved to confront the enemy; but the -Highlanders, though not inferior in numbers to the King's forces, -made a precipitate retreat, and the troops pursued them from the low -country until they took refuge in the wilds of Lochaber. The FOURTH -HORSE afterwards returned to the lowlands for refreshment, of which -they stood in great need: having in this, their first campaign, -undergone the greatest fatigues and privation with a constancy and -patience, which occasioned General Mackay, who was an officer of much -experience, to speak of them in terms of commendation. - -The enemy, though compelled to retire, was not to be despised. The -lofty, chivalrous spirit of Viscount Dundee rose superior to ordinary -difficulties, and he was engaged in arousing the friends of the -Stuarts to arms. At the same time General Mackay was at Edinburgh -procuring supplies; and, having given directions for a considerable -body of troops to assemble at Perth, he proceeded thither without -delay. Here he received intelligence of the enemy's increasing -numbers, and, although his cavalry had not joined him (excepting two -troops of newly-raised horse), he resolved to march forward, with a -view of preventing the entry of the Highlanders into the country -of Athol. The result was the unfortunate battle of Killicrankie; in -narrating which the General observes, in reference to the latter part -of the action, '_that if he had had but fifty resolute horse such -as_ COLCHESTER'S (the FOURTH) _with him, he had certainly, by all -human appearance, recovered the day_,'[14] which shows the very high -opinion he entertained of the regiment. - -Two days after this action, in which Viscount Dundee was killed, -and the command of the mountaineers devolved on Brigadier-General -Cannon, the FOURTH HORSE joined General Mackay, who proceeded with -the reinforcements he received towards _St. Johnston_, to prevent the -junction of the disaffected in the shires of Perth and Angus with -the rebels, and to keep the latter to the hills. When on this march, -a squadron of the regiment highly distinguished itself in an action -with a detachment of the enemy, and fully verified the previous -commendatory assertions of General Mackay in behalf of the corps. The -particulars of this encounter are as follow. - -A detachment of rebels, consisting of two troops of horse and about -three hundred foot, had seized, at St. Johnston, a quantity of -provision, with which they were proceeding to the main body of their -army, about seven miles distant;[15] but they were overtaken by -Major-General Mackay at the head of a squadron of the FOURTH HORSE -and some dragoons, who, regardless of the enemy's numbers, dashed -forward with signal intrepidity,--charged and defeated the rebel -horse in gallant style,--then rushed upon their foot, and, having -broken their ranks, and sabred one hundred and twenty on the spot, -the rest were either dispersed or taken prisoners. - -This casual encounter produced important results. The enemy, -disheartened by the repulse, proceeded towards the north, keeping -near the Grampian Hills; and General Mackay with 1400 horse and -dragoons marched along the plains at the base of the hills, to -restrain the enemy from descending. In this service the FOURTH HORSE -were subject to many harassing marches and counter-marches. By day -the troops were perpetually in motion; during the night they lay in -the fields in a body; and their commander having no confidence in the -reports of the country people, who were nearly all hostile to the -existing government, he was continually sending out small parties -throughout the night to procure intelligence. At length the enemy -retreated over the mountains by paths inaccessible to cavalry, and -many of the Highlanders proceeded to their homes. - -The regiment having sustained considerable loss in this campaign from -fatigue and privation, particularly in horses, marched into England -to recruit, and was quartered at Warwick and Stratford-upon-Avon. - -[Sidenote: 1690] - -Having completed its ranks to the numbers borne on the establishment, -the regiment marched to the vicinity of the metropolis, and in June, -1690, it furnished a relay of escorts to attend the King to Highlake, -in Cheshire, where His Majesty embarked for Ireland, in order to -rescue that kingdom from the power of King James. The regiment -was subsequently employed in assisting the Life Guards in their -attendance on the court; for several months it furnished a daily -guard for the Queen-Dowager, at Windsor; and one troop afterwards -accompanied Her Majesty to Newmarket. - -[Sidenote: 1691] - -From the south of England the regiment marched in the spring of 1691 -to Lancashire; but it returned to the south in November of the same -year, and on the 25th of that month received orders to embark for -foreign service. - -King William was actively engaged in a war with Louis XIV., who used -every means to promote the aggrandizement of France. The FOURTH -HORSE formed part of a reinforcement sent to the British army on the -Continent; and, after landing at Williamstadt in North Brabant, they -marched to Flanders, and went into village cantonments. - -[Sidenote: 1692] - -On the 23rd of January, 1692, John Lord Berkeley was appointed -Colonel of the regiment, in succession to Lord Colchester, who was -promoted to the command of the Third Troop of Life Guards.[16] - -The FOURTH HORSE were called from their cantonments in the spring -of 1692, to engage in active operations; and they formed part of -the army commanded by King William in person, which advanced to the -relief of Namur, when that fortress was besieged by the French. -But on arriving at the banks of the Mehaine, that river was found -impassable from heavy rains; the enemy arriving on the opposite -bank, the two armies viewed each other across the river, but no -action took place; and while the army was thus delayed, Namur fell -into the hands of the enemy. The FOURTH HORSE were subsequently -engaged in several manœuvres; and they took part in the attack of the -French in their position near _Steenkirk_, on the 3rd of August. - -On this occasion they formed part of the leading column which, after -passing along several narrow defiles and through some woody grounds, -deployed on a small plain in front of the enemy, and commenced the -attack in gallant style; but not being sustained by the main army, -the corps in advance, after gaining considerable advantage and -displaying great valour, were obliged to retire. The FOURTH HORSE, -after driving back some French squadrons, had advanced to the right -skirts of a wood on the left wing, and their gallant bearing, under -a heavy fire which thinned the ranks, was conspicuous; but they -were eventually forced from their ground by the torrent of superior -numbers which came pouring down upon their front. The King ordered a -retreat, and the troops performed the difficult operation of retiring -through a broken country in presence of an army of superior numbers, -in fine order. - -After several marches and changes of position, the regiment proceeded -to Ghent, where it was joined by a draft of men and horses from the -Princess Anne's Horse, commanded by Colonel Francis Langston,--a -regiment which, having suffered severely at Steenkirk, was -discontinued on the establishment of the army, and the few remaining -men and horses were transferred to other corps.[17] - -[Sidenote: 1693] - -Leaving their cantonments in the spring of 1693, the FOURTH HORSE -again took the field, and were with the army in Park camp,--a -strong post which covered Louvain, Malines, and Brussels,--and the -occupation of this ground enabled King William to defeat the designs -of the enemy on Brabant. The FOURTH HORSE were subsequently engaged -in several manœuvres, designed to insure the preservation of the -bishopric of Liege, and to raise the siege of Huy,--a strong town, -pleasantly situated in a valley on the Maese; but this fortress was -surrendered while the troops were marching to its relief, and the -governor was brought to trial for surrendering it. - -The FOURTH HORSE were afterwards encamped near the banks of the -Geete, in South Brabant, where the army was attacked by a French -force of superior numbers commanded by the Duke of Luxembourg. The -regiment was posted on this occasion towards the left of the line, -near the village of _Neer-Landen_, to support the infantry in this -quarter, and passed the night before the action under arms. - -On the 19th of July, as the first rays of morning light glanced upon -the hostile armies, the French were discovered in order of battle, -and a sudden burst of artillery from the batteries of the allies sent -forward a shower of balls, which, rending the ranks of the enemy, -formed a prelude to the sanguinary conflict which followed. For some -time the fighting was limited to the infantry and artillery, and -the FOURTH HORSE were spectators of the fray; yet a cannon shot or -two occasionally plunging into the ranks, laid several troopers and -their horses dead on the plain. At length the enemy forced the right -of the allied army, and routed the Hanoverian and other foreign horse -in that quarter, when King William ordered to their aid the British -squadrons on the left. Instantly moving from their post, the FOURTH -HORSE and other English cavalry gallopped to the scene of conflict, -and each squadron charging the moment it arrived, the torrent of -battle, which was sweeping the plain, was stayed,--the leading -squadrons of the enemy were broken,--and the British horsemen, -mixing fiercely in the combat, displayed their native valour and -intrepidity. Yet the cavalry and infantry on the right wing, having -already quitted the field, the chivalrous horsemen of Britain were -unable to resist the superior numbers of the enemy which came pouring -down on every side; and they were ordered to retire, a movement which -was not executed without some confusion and considerable loss.[18] -The French remained masters of the field, but the number of their -killed and wounded exceeded that of the allies.[19] - -The FOURTH HORSE, having retired from the field of battle by the -bridge at Neer-Hespen, proceeded that night to Tirlemont. They -were subsequently encamped near Brussels, and after taking part -in several manœuvres and skirmishes, they returned to their former -station at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1694] - -On the 24th January, 1694, King William conferred the Colonelcy on -Lieut.-Colonel Cornelius Wood (an officer of signal merit, who had -frequently distinguished himself), from the Seventh Horse, now Sixth -Dragoon Guards. - -After passing the winter at Ghent, the FOURTH HORSE again took the -field in May, 1694, and, after several marches, were encamped with -the army on the plain near Mont St. André, where they were reviewed -by the King on the 16th of August, in brigade with the regiments -of Leveson, Wyndham, and Galway.[20] They passed the summer in -manœuvring and skirmishing on the verdant plains of the Netherlands, -and on the frontiers of Liege,--performing many long and toilsome -marches through a country which, having for several years been -the seat of war, was changed from a land of smiling plenty and -contentment to a scene of outrage, devastation, and misery. After -forming part of the covering army during the siege of _Huy_, which -surrendered in September, the FOURTH HORSE marched back to Flanders, -and again occupied quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1695] - -In the spring of 1695 thirty men per troop were suddenly called out -of quarters to take the field; but after a reconnoissance towards -the enemy's frontiers, where they were erecting some extensive lines -of defence, the detachment returned to its former quarters. In May -the regiment marched out of Ghent, and taking its post in the right -wing of the army, encamped at Arseele, was reviewed by the King, with -the other English cavalry, on the 31st of that month. In June the -regiment was removed from the right to the left wing of the army;[21] -and when King William had, by skilful manœuvres, drawn the enemy -to the Flanders side of their line of entrenchments, and invested -the strong fortress of _Namur_, the FOURTH HORSE formed part of the -force detached, under the Earl of Athlone, towards Fleurus, for the -convenience of forage, and to observe the enemy on that side. While -on this service they were several weeks in comfortable quarters, or -moving quietly from village to village,--the horses feeding on the -grassy plains of Hainault,--the detached parties patrolling along the -front, to observe the motions of the enemy; meanwhile the infantry -were encamped between Deynse and Thielt, and the besieging force made -rapid progress. At length, owing to some movements of the enemy, -the FOURTH HORSE proceeded towards Bruges; they subsequently made -several forced marches, and towards the end of July were encamped on -the undulating grounds between Genappe and Waterloo. Two powerful -armies were at this period manœuvring, and while the French advanced -with confidence to raise the siege of _Namur_, the allies interposed -to cover the besieging force. In the course of these manœuvres -the FOURTH HORSE moved to the vicinity of _Namur_, and after the -surrender of the citadel they marched to the neighbourhood of -Nivelles, and were subsequently encamped at Halle, from whence they -proceeded in the autumn to their former station at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1696] - -During the summer of 1696 the FOURTH HORSE and Wyndham's Regiment -(now 6th Dragoon Guards) formed part of the army in Brabant, under -King William in person, while the remainder of the British cavalry -continued in Flanders. For this purpose the two regiments left Ghent -on the 1st of June, and having joined the main army on the march near -Gemblours on the 20th of that month, were reviewed on the 24th by -his Majesty, near Corbais. The summer was passed by the FOURTH HORSE -in manœuvring, patrolling, and skirmishing on the plains of Brabant, -and in performing out-post duty; and, returning to Flanders in the -autumn, they once more occupied quarters at Ghent. - -[Sidenote: 1697] - -The regiment left Flanders in the early part of May, 1697, and, -having passed the Scheldt at Dendermond, joined the army encamped -at St. Quintin Linneck on the 16th of that month. It took part in -the manœuvres of this campaign, and, after several marches, was -encamped a short time before Brussels, from whence it was detached, -for the convenience of forage, to Wavre; and while at this station -hostilities were terminated by the peace of Ryswick, when it was -ordered to return to England. - -From Wavre the regiment marched to Flanders, from whence it embarked -for England, where it arrived in December, and was ordered to march -into quarters in Staffordshire; at the same time the establishment -was reduced from fifty to thirty-one private men per troop. - -[Sidenote: 1698] - -[Sidenote: 1700] - -[Sidenote: 1701] - -[Sidenote: 1702] - -During the summer of 1698 it was occupying quarters at Uttoxeter and -Penxridge; and in August, of the same year, it was reviewed by the -Duke of Schomberg at Lichfield. It remained in Staffordshire until -the month of June, 1700, when it proceeded to the vicinity of London, -and was reviewed by his Majesty on Hounslow Heath; and in November of -the following year, furnished a relay of escorts to attend the King -from Margate to London, when his Majesty returned from the continent. -It was subsequently stationed in the vicinity of London, and in -the beginning of 1702 received orders to hold itself in readiness -for foreign service: at the same time the establishment was again -augmented to fifty men per troop. - -The accession of the Duke of Anjou (grandson of Louis XIV.) to the -throne of Spain, in violation of recent treaties, had re-kindled the -flame of war in Europe, and King William once more united with the -continental states to reduce the exorbitant power of France. In the -mean time the Kings of France and Spain proclaimed the Pretender King -of Great Britain, by the title of James III. This proceeding made the -nation sensible of the latent designs of France; the preparations -for war were expedited; and in the beginning of March, 1702, the -FOURTH HORSE embarked at Blackwall and Deptford. But the death of -King William occurring (8th of March) before the transports sailed, -the regiment was ordered to disembark and march into quarters in -the villages near London. Queen Anne, however, continued the course -of policy adopted by her predecessor, and on the 11th of March the -regiment was ordered to re-embark and proceed to Holland, where it -arrived towards the end of the same month, and went into cantonments -near Breda. - -The FOURTH HORSE, with three other regiments of British cavalry and -two of infantry,[22] were stationed near Breda, until the 21st of -June, when they marched under the orders of Lieut.-General Lumley to -join the army. The French attempted to intercept these regiments; but -by forced marches they eluded the enemy, and arrived at the camp near -Duckenburg, towards the end of the same month. - -The French, having obtained possession of the Spanish Netherlands, -the campaign commenced on the Dutch frontiers. The FOURTH HORSE, -forming part of the army commanded by the Earl of Marlborough, -advanced against the immense force of the enemy under the Duke -of Burgundy and Marshal Boufflers. Having crossed the Maese near -Grave, the British troops were engaged in several daring and skilful -manœuvres in North Brabant and the province of Limburg, by which the -designs of the enemy were frustrated. - -When the allies besieged _Venloo_, the _Fourth Horse_ were with -the troops employed in observing the enemy, and in protecting the -supplies of forage, provision, and ammunition: they were also -similarly engaged during the sieges of _Ruremonde_ and _Stevenswaert_. - -These fortresses having been captured, the regiment quitted its camp -at Soutendael about midnight, on the 10th of October, and, having -crossed the little river Jaar, advanced with the army towards the -city of _Liege_, where it arrived about three in the following -morning, when the suburb of St. Walburg was found in flames, the -French having, upon the sudden advance of the allies, attempted the -destruction of the suburbs by fire, and afterwards retired into the -citadel, and into a detached fortress called the _Chartreuse_. - -The FOURTH HORSE marched into the city of Liege on the 14th of -October, where they remained until the 25th, when they were detached -across the river to invest the _Chartreuse_; and, after the surrender -of this place, they were employed in escorting the garrison towards -Antwerp.[23] Having performed this service they went into village -cantonments, and before the following spring the British commander -was advanced to the dignity of DUKE of Marlborough. - -[Sidenote: 1703] - -Having passed the winter in Dutch Brabant, the FOURTH HORSE, moving -from their quarters in May, 1703, traversed the country to the -vicinity of Maestricht; at the same time one division of the army -besieged and took _Bonn_. They were subsequently encamped near the -banks of the Maese, where the Duke of Marlborough assembled the army; -and on the 24th of May advanced against the enemy, who occupied an -advantageous post near Tongres; but on the approach of the allies the -French retired, and afterwards took post behind their fortified lines. - -The FOURTH HORSE were subsequently encamped with the army near -_Haneff_, where they were engaged in a slight skirmish with a -detachment of the enemy. The Duke of Marlborough was desirous of -attacking the French lines, but was prevented by the indecision -of the Dutch generals and field-deputies. The FOURTH HORSE were -also employed in the operations which preceded the investiture of -_Huy_, and formed part of the covering army during the siege of that -place. They were afterwards in the lines of circumvallation before -_Limburg_; and after the surrender of this place they proceeded -to Liege; and on the 4th of October joined the camp at St. Trond, -where they halted a few days, and were subsequently distributed into -cantonments. - -[Sidenote: 1704] - -The British horse again passed the winter amongst the rude peasantry -of Holland, and assembled with the army in the spring of 1704 near -Ruremonde, from whence they directed their march to Cologne, and -afterwards proceeded through a delightful country to Coblentz, a town -situate at the conflux of the Rhine and Moselle. By these movements -the Duke of Marlborough indicated a design of carrying on the war in -the direction of the Moselle; but he had a more noble and hazardous -object in view. - -The Elector of Bavaria, who is presumed to have aspired to the -imperial dignity, had commenced hostilities against the Emperor of -Germany. In 1703, 30,000 French troops marched through the Black -Forest to assist him, the united French and Bavarian armies were -carrying all before them, and it was apprehended that if something -extraordinary was not undertaken, the Elector of Bavaria would -gain the imperial throne,--Germany would be subjected to French -domination,--and Louis XIV. would dictate laws to Europe. To avert -this disaster, the Duke of Marlborough resolved to march the army -under his command from the Netherlands into the heart of Germany. - -In pursuance of this object, the FOURTH HORSE, having crossed -the Rhine and the Moselle, moved forward with the other cavalry -regiments in advance of the main army, and commenced their march on -an expedition which produced the most stupendous results. During the -advance the regiments invariably moved from their camp ground at the -first dawn of morning light, completed the march before the heat -became oppressive, and passed the remainder of the day in repose, or -in preparing for the succeeding day's march.[24] - -Continuing their route, under favourable circumstances and in -excellent order, the British cavalry arrived towards the end of May -at the suburbs of Mentz, in the west of Germany, where they halted -a day to rest their horses. From this place they advanced in four -days to Ladenburg, in the margraviate of Baden, and having passed the -Neckar, halted one day at their camp beyond the town. From thence -they directed their march towards the Danube; while the nations of -Europe gazed with astonishment at this splendid enterprise, and the -different states through which the troops passed hailed their arrival -with acclamations. At length a junction was effected between the army -of the Duke of Marlborough and the forces of the German empire, and -the united troops co-operated in offensive measures. - -The FOURTH HORSE, having thus marched from the ocean to the Danube, -took an active part in the operations which succeeded; and they -formed part of the forces which advanced at three o'clock on the -morning of the 2nd of July, and after traversing many miles of -difficult country, arrived in front of the enemy's entrenched -position on the heights of _Schellenberg_, and commenced the attack -about six in the evening. - -The infantry having advanced in the face of a storm of fire from the -enemy's batteries, and commenced the assault, were forced to give -way, when the French and Bavarians, issuing from their works, charged -the broken ranks, but were driven back. The attack was renewed with -similar results. The infantry, reduced in numbers and exhausted by -repeated struggles, were giving way, when Lieutenant-General Lumley -led the English horse to their aid, and prevented a repulse. The -infantry renewed the attack, and eventually the enemy was driven -from the works. At this moment the FOURTH HORSE and other cavalry -gallopping forward, by a furious charge completed the victory.[25] -The broken battalions and squadrons fled in confusion, pursued by the -victorious British and German horsemen, who intercepted the fugitives -on every side, and the carnage which followed was dreadful. Many of -the French and Bavarians were intercepted on the way to Donawerth, -others hurrying to the bridge of boats broke it down by their weight -and perished in the river. Their commander, Count D'Arco, escaped -with difficulty. Sixteen pieces of cannon, thirteen colours, all the -tents, equipages, and a quantity of plate, fell into the hands of the -victors. The loss of the regiment was not great;--Adjutant Skelton -and several men and horses were killed, and others wounded; and its -Colonel, Major-General Wood, was also wounded.[26] - -This brilliant success was followed by other offensive operations, -in which the FOURTH HORSE took part; but they were not engaged in -executing that cruel order, in obedience to which the unfortunate -country of Bavaria was enveloped in flames, and above 300 towns, -villages, and hamlets were destroyed: this relentless severity was -the work of the Germans.[27] At length another reinforcement of -French troops arrived, and the united French and Bavarians took post -in the valley of the Danube, near the village of _Blenheim_. - -About three o'clock on the morning of the 13th of August the allied -army advanced, and after traversing several miles of rugged ground, -and overcoming many local difficulties, arrived in presence of the -enemy; and the FOURTH HORSE, forming part of the cavalry of the left -wing under Major-General Wood, had their post in the first line; the -right wing being composed of Germans under Prince Eugene of Savoy. -About noon the troops, advancing across the little river Nebel, by -bridges prepared for the occasion, commenced the engagement, and -a succession of attacks were made and resisted with great bravery -on both sides. The FOURTH HORSE, with the other English cavalry -regiments, were engaged in the early part of the action[28] with -the household troops of France, and the superior spirit and power -of the British horsemen were conspicuous, particularly in the -unconquerable resolution with which they renewed the attack after a -temporary repulse; yet the palm of victory was nobly contested, and -the combatants fought hand to hand until the plain was covered with -dead. After successive efforts made by the adverse armies--the one to -advance, and the other to maintain its ground--the protracted contest -drew to a crisis, and the French infantry began to shrink before the -tempest of balls which thinned their ranks, while their cavalry, -broken and dispirited, gave way, when nine battalions were cut to -pieces or made prisoners. The enemy attempted to restore the battle, -but the allied horse, once more rushing forward with tremendous -force, decided the fate of the day. The enemy, after an irregular -fire, fled in dismay, and the regiment which forms the subject of -this memoir, after distinguishing itself in the charge, pursued the -French squadrons with terrible clamour and confusion in the direction -of Sonderheim, smiting them to the ground, and chasing them down -the declivity near _Blenheim_ into the Danube, where numbers were -drowned. At the same time their commander-in-chief, Marshal Tallard, -and several other officers and many men, were made prisoners.[29] - -While this regiment was pursuing the French horsemen towards -the Danube, another part of the army surrounded the village of -_Blenheim_, where twelve squadrons of dragoons and twenty-four -battalions of infantry were forced to surrender themselves prisoners -of war. At the same time the Germans on the right, under Prince -Eugene, were also triumphant. Thus a victory was achieved which -shed lustre on the British arms, and the record of these events -forms a page in history of which every Englishman may be justly -proud, particularly the corps whose valour delivered the empire from -impending ruin, and whose fame resounded throughout Christendom.[30] - -The FOURTH HORSE had Lieutenant-Colonel Fetherstonhalgh and Cornet -Ordairne killed; also Captain Armstrong, Captain Shute, Lieutenant -Dove, Cornet Forester, and Cornet Stevenson, wounded. Of the private -men killed and wounded no return appears to have been preserved; -but in the War-Office books the regiment is stated to have had -forty-seven horses killed in this action. - -Having passed the night after the battle on the field, the FOURTH -HORSE followed for several days the rear of the defeated army, which -repassed the Black Forest, and retired across the Rhine. On the 6th -of September the regiment was at Kirlach; it passed the Rhine on the -same day to attack some squadrons which appeared on the rising ground -near Philipsburg; but, on the advance of the English horsemen, the -French retreated across the Queich, and made preparations to defend -the passage of that river: they, however, quitted their ground on -the advance of the allies on the 9th of that month, on which day -the FOURTH HORSE forded the stream, and were afterwards encamped on -the banks of the little river Lauter, forming part of the covering -army during the siege of _Landau_, a strong town situated in the -beautiful valley near the Queich. After the surrender of _Landau_, -which terminated this splendid and memorable campaign, the regiment -commenced its march back to Holland, while the infantry sailed down -the Rhine in boats to Nimeguen. - -[Sidenote: 1705] - -The winter was again passed amongst the Dutch villagers; and in April -1705 the FOURTH HORSE quitted their cantonments, and marching to the -vicinity of Maestricht, erected their tents in the early part of May -on the banks of the Maese, near Viset, where they were reviewed by -the Duke of Marlborough on the 14th of that month. Leaving this place -on the following day, they marched in the direction of Coblentz, and -from thence through a wild and mountainous country to Treves, and -were encamped beyond that city on the 26th of May. After crossing -the Moselle and the Saar, on the 3rd of June they passed through the -difficult defiles of Tavernen and Onsdorf, following the course of -the Roman causeway over the heights, then emerging into the more open -ground towards Tettingen, continued their route to the vicinity of -Syrk, where they passed the night under arms; and on the following -day encamped on the open grounds near Elft; at the same time the -enemy occupied a strong position a few miles in advance. The Duke of -Marlborough was desirous of carrying on the war in this direction, -and the German Princes had agreed to co-operate with his grace; but -their arrival was so long delayed that his designs were frustrated, -and as the French were making rapid progress in the Netherlands, he -was induced to quit his position and march to the assistance of the -Dutch. - -Accordingly, a little before midnight on the 17th of June, -during a heavy rain, the army struck its tents, and the FOURTH -HORSE, composing part of twenty squadrons destined to cover the -movement, formed up to confront the enemy, while the army commenced -the retreat, which was continued throughout the night without -interruption from the French, and it re-crossed the Saar and the -Moselle on the following day. On the 19th the retreat was resumed, -and on the 25th the FOURTH HORSE and other cavalry arrived at Duren, -in the duchy of Juliers. At the same time the French troops, near the -Dutch frontiers, ceased acting on the offensive, and retired in a -panic to Tongres. - -After this long and difficult march, the FOURTH HORSE crossed the -Maese near Viset, and were subsequently employed in covering the -siege of _Huy_, which the enemy had retaken during the absence of the -army up the Moselle. - -The French army having taken refuge behind their fortified lines, -the Duke of Marlborough, after the surrender of _Huy_, resolved -to attempt to surprise them in their formidable barrier, the -construction of which had employed the space of three years. He -accordingly, by a skilful manœuvre, succeeded in dividing their -forces and in drawing them from the point selected for the attack. -About eleven o'clock on the evening of the 17th of July the FOURTH -HORSE, forming part of the division destined to force the lines, left -their camp ground and continued their march throughout an extremely -dark night, until about four the next morning, when the heads of -columns approached the works at _Neer-Hespen_ and _Helexim_. The -guards were surprised and fled in a panic, the lines were forced and -partly levelled, and the British horse were soon within the barriers; -but before the regiments were formed, the Marquis d'Allegre appeared -with fifty squadrons of cavalry and twenty battalions of infantry, -and opened a cannonade from eight pieces of artillery. After the -allied infantry had fired a few rounds, the Duke of Marlborough led -forward the cavalry, which had passed the works, and the gallant -British horsemen, by an impetuous charge, broke the enemy's ranks. -The victorious squadrons afterwards sustained some loss from the fire -of the enemy's infantry, but a second charge decided the combat; the -hostile cavalry were routed and dispersed, several battalions of -infantry were cut to pieces, many prisoners, standards, and colours -were taken, and the FOURTH HORSE were once more triumphant over the -legions of France and Spain.[31] - -After this brilliant success the FOURTH HORSE were engaged in several -manœuvres, and marches along the fruitful plains of the Netherlands; -but the opposition which the British commander met with from the -Dutch generals proved detrimental to the future operations of this -campaign. In the autumn the regiment was with the covering army -during the siege of _Sandvliet_, and after the surrender of this -place, marched back to Holland, where it was joined by a remount of -men and horses from England.[32] - -[Sidenote: 1706] - -The FOURTH HORSE, with the other four English cavalry regiments on -the continent, were now become a celebrated body of troops; and in -April, 1706, when they again took the field, it is recorded that the -officers and men looked forward with joyful anticipations to the -events of another campaign. After traversing the province of Limburg, -they joined the army at Bilsen, in the bishopric of Liege, on the -20th of May, and immediately afterwards advanced against the enemy. - -On the morning of the 23rd of May the army was proceeding towards -the Mehaine, and as the advance-guard, of which a detachment of the -FOURTH HORSE formed a part, arrived at the uplands near Mierdorp, -the enemy were seen traversing the plain near Mont St. André, their -right stretching beyond the village of _Ramilies_ towards the -Mehaine; and their magnificent army, composed of French, Spaniards, -and Bavarians, commanded by the Elector of Bavaria and Marshal -Villeroy, was soon formed in order of battle. At the same time the -allies made preparations for commencing the action, and the FOURTH -HORSE took their station in the right wing of the army. About -half-past one the battle commenced; but the British horsemen were -kept in reserve until a decisive moment should arrive, when their -well-known spirit and physical power would, it was expected, produce -important results. The battle had lasted nearly three hours, when the -Duke of Marlborough seized a critical moment to strike a decisive -blow, and the British cavalry was brought forward. The _Fourth_ and -Seventh Horse, commanded by Major-General Wood, passed the little -river Geete, and dashed along the plain on the right of the village -of _Ramilies_, overthrowing all opposition, until they arrived at -the rising ground behind the village of Offuz. The enemy was now in -full retreat, and the two regiments went sweeping along the plain -in pursuit until they arrived at the farm of Chantrain, where they -overtook the Spanish and Bavarian Horse Guards, who, with the Elector -and Marshal Villeroy at their head, were endeavouring to cover the -retreat of their artillery. Having gained the enemy's left flank, -the foaming squadrons of the FOURTH HORSE rushed upon the Spaniards -and Bavarians, and, with one tremendous shock, broke their ranks in -pieces! Then commenced the clash of swords, with all the uproar, -strife, and turmoil of a close combat, while the Spaniards and -Bavarians fell in numbers before the superior prowess of the victors; -and the FOURTH HORSE took many prisoners, with the STANDARD[33] AND -KETTLE-DRUMS OF BAVARIAN GUARDS, and the Elector and Marshal Villeroy -narrowly escaped.[34] - -After this noble exploit the FOURTH HORSE, having detached a party -to the rear with the prisoners and cannon, continued the pursuit -throughout the night until two o'clock of the following morning, -making additional captures of men, artillery, and ammunition -waggons, until the troopers and their horses were exhausted with the -extraordinary exertions and fatigues they had undergone. Thus was -one of the best-appointed and most gallant armies which France ever -brought into the field nearly destroyed, and the reputation of the -British troops and their distinguished leader exalted; while the -result of the victory was the deliverance from the power of the enemy -of an extent of territory exceeding the most sanguine expectation. - -After a few days' repose the FOURTH HORSE were detached with other -troops to summon several towns and fortresses in the Spanish -Netherlands; many places surrendered immediately, and renounced -their allegiance to the Duke of Anjou; other towns, overawed by -French garrisons, stood short sieges, but were captured before the -end of the campaign, when the regiment went into quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1707] - -Early in the spring of 1707 the losses of the FOURTH HORSE during the -preceding campaign were replaced by a remount of 60 men and 94 horses -from England;[35] at the same time the regiment was again supplied -with ARMOUR,[36] and when it took the field it once more appeared -as a corps of CUIRASSIERS. In the early part of the campaign it was -encamped on the banks of the little river Sienne, and subsequently -near Meldert. It was employed in several manœuvres designed to bring -on a general engagement, which the French cautiously avoided. They -ventured, for a short time, to encamp in front of the fortified -lines which had served for a defence to their frontiers during the -preceding war; but they made a precipitate retreat upon the advance -of the allies, who continued in the field until the autumn, when they -separated into quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1708] - -The winter having been passed by the FOURTH HORSE amongst the -hardy Belgians, they left Flanders in May, 1708, and proceeding to -the vicinity of Brussels were formed in brigade with the Duke of -Schomberg's regiment (now Seventh Dragoon Guards), commanded by -Brigadier-General Sybourg. They were afterwards engaged in several -operations in Brabant and Hainault; while the enemy, taking -advantage of the absence of the troops from Ghent and Bruges, -obtained possession, by treachery, of these two towns, which had been -the winter quarters of the English forces. - -A series of movements at length brought on the battle of _Oudenarde_, -which was fought on the 11th of July in the inclosures near the banks -of the Scheldt. - -During the early part of the action the five[37] regiments of BRITISH -CUIRASSIERS, having crossed the Scheldt by the bridge of boats, were -stationed in reserve on the plain of Huerne, behind the right wing of -the army, ready to charge when the moment for a decisive attack of -the horse should arrive. Advancing from this post they supported the -infantry engaged, manœuvring so as to sustain the line in front, and -to be ever ready to execute a charge, while their presence held in -check several French corps; but owing to the local peculiarities of -the ground, which was intersected by hedges, ditches, and rivulets, -darkness put an end to the conflict before these warlike horsemen, -who panted for an opportunity once more to distinguish themselves, -were called upon to engage in close combat. The French retreated -in confusion during the night, and at daybreak the FOURTH HORSE, -with several other corps, were detached in pursuit; some slight -skirmishing occurred, and the French took refuge under the cannon of -Ghent. - -In the movements which followed this victory the FOURTH HORSE took -part, and they were subsequently employed in protecting the battering -cannon, with an immense convoy of military stores, which were sent -from Brussels to the army. They also formed part of the covering army -during the siege of _Lisle_, an important and formidable fortress, -protected by a Marshal of France, Boufflers, with a garrison of -15,000 men, and everything requisite for a successful defence; at -the same time Louis XIV. commanded an immense army to be assembled -for the purpose of raising the siege. But the allies, unmoved by the -menacing manœuvres and threatened attacks of the enemy, prosecuted -their purpose with vigour, and the vaunts of the French commanders -evaporated in a short cannonade which produced little result. - -The supplies of ammunition and provision for the besieging army -having to be conveyed a considerable distance by land, the FOURTH -HORSE were occasionally detached from the army to guard the waggons -and cover their advance. In September an immense convoy, with -ammunition and other necessaries, was despatched from Ostend under -the charge of a guard commanded by Major-General Webb; at the same -time the Count de La Motte advanced with 22,000 French troops to -intercept this supply, on the safe arrival of which the fate of -_Lisle_ depended; and the FOURTH HORSE, with several other corps, -were detached from the camp at Lannoy under Major-General Cadogan -to the aid of the convoy. As the British squadrons approached the -woods of _Wynendale_, a loud cannonade was heard; they instantly -dashed forward, and the moment they arrived at the scene of conflict -the French relinquished the attack, and the stores were conveyed in -safety to the camp.[38] - -After the surrender of _Lisle_, the FOURTH HORSE marched to East -Flanders, and were engaged in military operations until _Ghent_ and -_Bruges_ were re-captured, when the regiment went into quarters; and -the losses of the preceding campaign were replaced by a remount of -ninety-seven men and seventy-one horses.[39] - -[Sidenote: 1709] - -After remaining in quarters in Flanders until June, 1709, the -FOURTH HORSE advanced up the country and erected their tents on -the plain of Lisle, near the banks of the Deule, where a vast and -magnificent army, composed of the troops of several nations, extended -its encampment in regular order over a large tract of country, -and exhibited a fine spectacle of war. From this camp the FOURTH -HORSE proceeded to the banks of the Scheldt, and formed part of the -covering army during the siege of the boasted impregnable fortress of -_Tournay_, which surrendered in the beginning of September. - -From the banks of the Scheldt the FOURTH HORSE moved with the -army in the direction of _Mons_, the capital of the province of -Hainault, with the design of wresting this important place from -the power of France. But while the allies were on the march, the -French army moved from its former post and took up a position near -_Malplaquet_, at the same time increasing the natural strength -of the post by entrenchments and other works. In this camp were -collected the choicest troops of France, commanded by two celebrated -Marshals, Villiers and Boufflers, and opposed to them the victorious -Marlborough and Eugene headed the heroes of Blenheim and Ramilies, -amongst whom were the celebrated British Horse under the chivalrous -Lieut.-General Wood. - -On the morning of the 11th of September (N. S.), after divine -service had been performed at the head of the troops, the battle -commenced with an animation and effect which indicated the ardour -that prevailed in both armies. In the attack of the entrenchments, -and in forcing the works, the cavalry could not take part, and for a -time the services of the FOURTH HORSE were limited to supporting the -attack on the left centre, where the enemy's position was eventually -forced by the infantry. In the midst of the arduous struggle, and -while the storm of war was raging with dreadful fury, the Duke of -Marlborough led forward the five regiments of BRITISH CUIRASSIERS, -commanded by Lieut.-General Wood, and the Prussian cavalry, against -the renowned Gens d'armes of France, who were instantly routed and -chased from the ground; but as the British and Prussian horsemen, -who were somewhat broken by the charge, continued their victorious -course and swept the field in triumph, they were met by a compact -line of French cavalry, consisting of the Gardes-du-Corps, Light -Horse, Musqueteers, and Horse Grenadiers of the royal household, led -by Marshal Boufflers, and these distinguished troops succeeded in -driving back the squadrons of the allies. The British horsemen were, -however, only repulsed, not defeated: they soon rallied again, and, -glowing with zeal to encounter so celebrated an enemy, they returned -to the charge, when their valour and prowess prevailed; and the -French squadrons being driven from the field, the remainder of their -army retired immediately afterwards, leaving the allies victorious, -but with the loss of many men killed and wounded, and the pursuit was -not continued beyond the village of Quievrain. - -Thus ended a day in which the FOURTH HORSE acquired new honours. They -were subsequently with the covering army during the siege of _Mons_, -and after its surrender marched to East Flanders for winter quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1710] - -The FOURTH HORSE, having been completed by another remount from -England,[40] marched out of their quarters in the beginning of April, -1710, and advanced to the banks of the Scheldt near Tournay, where -the allied army, consisting of the troops of several nations, was -assembled, and, according to the journals of that period, the BRITISH -CUIRASSIERS made a noble appearance. - -From this camp the FOURTH HORSE advanced at five o'clock in the -afternoon of the 20th of April, and formed part of the column under -Lieut.-General Cadogan, which, after marching all night, surprised -the French guard at _Pont à Vendin_, and penetrated their fortified -lines without opposition. - -The siege of _Douay_, a strong town situate on the river Scarpe, -was afterwards undertaken, and the FOURTH HORSE, forming part of -the covering army, were engaged in several manœuvres and marches to -counteract the operations of the enemy, who menaced the besieging -force with an attack; but the superior tactics of the Duke of -Marlborough and Prince Eugene, with the bravery of their troops, -prevailed, and _Douay_ was surrendered on the 27th of June. After -repairing the works, the army advanced towards the enemy, who, to -avoid an engagement, retired behind their new lines of defence, when -the allies directed their victorious arms against _Bethune_, and -the FOURTH HORSE had their post in the besieging force until the -surrender of the place on the 29th of August. They were subsequently -employed in covering the sieges of _Aire_ and _St. Venant_, and after -the termination of this successful campaign returned to Flanders, -where they passed the winter in convenient quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1711] - -Advancing from thence in April, 1711, they directed their march to -the banks of the Scarpe, and were subsequently employed in several -manœuvres before the French lines of defence until the enemy's troops -were drawn to the left, when the Duke of Marlborough, by secretly -assembling a body of troops at Douay, forced the lines at _Arleux_ -and invested _Bouchain_. The siege of this place was one of the most -difficult enterprises undertaken during the war, and the FOURTH HORSE -were fully employed in the multifarious services required, the lines -extending for many miles, and the greatest care and vigilance being -necessary. In September the place surrendered, and this regiment, -after traversing the recently conquered territory, to its former -winter station, went into cantonments. - -[Sidenote: 1712] - -It again took the field with the army in the spring of 1712, and -advancing to the frontiers, was prepared to enter France; when -the Duke of Ormond, who now commanded the British troops on the -continent, received orders to cease hostilities, as negotiations for -a general peace had commenced. In the mean time the regiment had -lost its Colonel, the distinguished and spirited cavalry officer -Lieutenant-General Cornelius Wood, whose death was occasioned by -the fall of his horse; and he was succeeded in the command of the -regiment by Thomas Viscount Windsor, from the Tenth Horse, by -commission, dated the 18th of May, 1712.[41] - -[Sidenote: 1713] - -[Sidenote: 1714] - -The FOURTH HORSE marched with the British forces from the French -territory, and were encamped a short time in the vicinity of Ghent. -They subsequently went into quarters, and these distinguished -horsemen, after remaining on the continent until the treaty of -Utrecht had given peace to Europe, were embarked for England, landed -at the Red House near London in the beginning of April 1714, and -having returned their CUIRASSES into store, proceeded to Northampton, -Daventry, and Wellingborough. In the mean-time the establishment was -reduced from 400 to 226 officers and soldiers.[42] - -On the decease of Queen Anne, in August of the same year, the -regiment marched into quarters near the metropolis, where it -remained until the arrival of His Majesty King George I. from -Hanover, and afterwards proceeded to Gloucester and Tewkesbury. In -October a squadron marched to Margate, and the remainder of the -regiment was posted in detachments of two officers and twenty men -each, between that place and London, to attend the Princess of Wales -on her arrival. Her Royal Highness with the Princesses Anne and -Amelia landed at Margate on the evening of the 11th of October, when -they were received by a guard of the regiment, and on the following -day they were escorted to Dorchester, where they were met by the -Prince of Wales and the Dukes of Somerset and Argyle and the Earl of -Bridgewater, and were conducted to the metropolis by the FOURTH HORSE -on the 13th of October. - -[Sidenote: 1715] - -[Sidenote: 1716] - -The peaceful accession of His Majesty was followed by the most -strenuous exertions of many of the partisans of the Pretender; and -in 1715 they broke out into open rebellion under the Earl of Mar. -The army was immediately augmented, and ten men per troop were added -to the establishment of the FOURTH HORSE. Upon notice of a meditated -rise at Bath, this regiment, with Sir Robert Rich's Dragoons, took -possession of that city, where they seized a great quantity of arms. -England was at this period in great danger from the prevalence of -jacobite principles, and the animosity with which two powerful -parties in the state were arrayed against each other gave occasion -for much alarm; but the staunch fidelity of the army overawed the -disaffected, and the gallant troops who had so recently conquered the -foes of Britain abroad, preserved the nation from the machinations -of its enemies at home. The army, though on a reduced establishment, -was in excellent condition, and the cavalry in particular was -considered the best mounted of any troops in Europe.[43] - -[Sidenote: 1717] - -After the suppression of this rebellion the King of Sweden espoused -the cause of the Pretender, and made preparations for a descent upon -Britain; and the FOURTH HORSE, with several other corps, were placed -under the command of Lieutenant-General Wills, and sent to the north. -This regiment was quartered a short time at Newcastle-upon-Tyne, and -the Colonelcy was given to Lieutenant-General George Wade, who had -distinguished himself in the war in Spain, by commission dated the -19th of March, 1717. - -The project of Sweden having been defeated by the exertions of the -British fleet, the regiment returned to the south of England, and -took the travelling escort-duty for the Royal Family: at the same -time the establishment was reduced to twenty-five private men per -troop. - -[Sidenote: 1718] - -[Sidenote: 1719] - -In 1718 the FOURTH HORSE were quartered at Nottingham and -Northampton; and in November 1719 they were stationed on the Essex -road, to attend His Majesty from Harwich to London, on his return -from Hanover. - -[Sidenote: 1720] - -[Sidenote: 1722] - -In the following year they occupied dispersed cantonments in -Oxfordshire; in 1721 they were quartered at Dorchester and Salisbury; -and in the summer of 1722 encamped near Andover, and afterwards on -Salisbury Plain, where they were reviewed, with three other regiments -of cavalry and seven of infantry, by His Majesty and the Prince of -Wales, on the 30th of August. The camp was broken up in the beginning -of October, when this regiment marched to Warwick and Coventry. - -[Sidenote: 1724] - -[Sidenote: 1725] - -[Sidenote: 1726] - -During the summer of 1724 the FOURTH HORSE occupied quarters near -London, and again performed the travelling escort-duty. They also -furnished a party in constant attendance on the Prince and Princess -of Wales. In the following year they occupied quarters at Stamford, -Huntingdon, and Peterborough; and in 1726 at Warwick and Coventry. - -[Sidenote: 1727] - -[Sidenote: 1728] - -On the accession of King George II., in 1727, the regiment marched to -the vicinity of London, was reviewed by His Majesty in September of -the same year, and was afterwards in attendance on the court until -May 1728, when it returned to its former quarters at Coventry and -Warwick. - -[Sidenote: 1731] - -[Sidenote: 1732] - -[Sidenote: 1733] - -[Sidenote: 1734] - -[Sidenote: 1737] - -In January 1731 it was again on the King's duty, and was reviewed -by His Majesty on Hounslow Heath in May of the same year. The two -succeeding years were passed in country quarters, and in May 1734 it -resumed its attendance on the Court. On the 29th of June following -His Majesty reviewed the corps of Life Guards, when this regiment had -the honour of furnishing the royal escort required on the occasion. -In November of the same year, having been relieved on the King's duty -by the Royal Horse Guards, it marched to Nottingham and Derby, where -it remained until April 1737, when it resumed its station at Coventry -and Warwick. - -[Sidenote: 1738] - -On the 5th of July, 1738, the FOURTH HORSE, and the Royal regiment -of Horse Guards, were reviewed by His Majesty on Hounslow Heath, and -their appearance and discipline were approved of by the King. - -[Sidenote: 1740] - -[Sidenote: 1741] - -After the review the FOURTH HORSE marched into quarters in -Staffordshire. During the summer of 1740 they were encamped near -Newbury; and in 1741 formed part of a body of troops encamped on -Lexdon Heath, near Colchester.[44] - -[Sidenote: 1742] - -[Sidenote: 1743] - -Towards the close of the summer of 1742 a British army proceeded to -Flanders, to make a diversion in favour of the Queen of Hungary, -whose dominions were overrun by the armies of France and Bavaria; but -the FOURTH HORSE remained in England, and in the beginning of May, -1743, they marched into quarters near the metropolis, and resumed -their duties of attendance on the Court. On the 17th of the same -month one squadron was sent in pursuit of a number of deserters -from Lord Semphill's (42nd) Highland regiment, a corps formed in -1739 of independent companies of infantry, raised in the Highlands, -for service in the mountain districts during the disaffection which -prevailed for some years in the north of Scotland. - -The Highland regiment was designed for foreign service. In pursuance -of this object it marched to the south of England, and on the 14th -of May was reviewed by General Wade on Finchley Common, when the -novelty of the scene attracted thousands of spectators to view the -unique costume of the corps, and its appearance and discipline were -generally admired. After the review the Highlanders were ordered -to Gravesend, to embark for Flanders, but, as many of the men had -enlisted on the presumption that they would never be required to -quit the kingdom, and a report being spread amongst them that they -were designed for the West Indies, a country which, at this period, -was considered as a charnel-house for Europeans, about 150 of them -deserted with their arms, and proceeded in a body towards Scotland. - -The squadron of the FOURTH HORSE sent in pursuit of the Highlanders -overtook them in Northamptonshire; and on Sunday, the 22nd of May, -surrounded them in Lady-wood, near Oundle, and shortly afterwards the -horse were joined by a squadron of Churchill's Dragoons (now Tenth -Hussars). The Highlanders were disposed to submit on condition of -receiving a _free pardon_; at the same time they took possession of -a strong post in the wood, and, being provided with ammunition, they -declared their determination to resist to the last extremity, and be -cut to pieces rather than submit on any other terms. Captain Ball, -of the FOURTH HORSE, had an interview with them, and, after trying -every remonstrance and persuasion in vain, he was obliged to leave -them. He, however, gained over two of their number, who conducted -him out of the wood, and, promising them both a free pardon, he -induced one to return and endeavour to prevail upon the remainder to -submit. Eventually the main body surrendered at discretion, and were -conducted to the Tower of London, where three of their number were -tried and shot, and the remainder were drafted to different colonies -abroad. This event did not, however, prevent the embarkation of the -Highland regiment for Flanders. - -[Sidenote: 1744] - -[Sidenote: 1745] - -In the beginning of 1744 the FOURTH HORSE were ordered to send a -draft of sixty men and horses to Flanders to be incorporated in the -three regiments of horse on foreign service. At the same time several -additional corps were sent to the continent, but this regiment -remained in the south of England until September 1745, when it was -ordered to Nottingham; and on the receipt of information of the -arrival of Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, in Scotland, -it marched to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, where several corps were assembled -under the command of Field-Marshal Wade. In the mean time the young -Pretender was joined by several Highland clans, and, there being but -few troops in Scotland to oppose his progress, he gained possession -of Edinburgh, surprised and defeated several corps under Sir John -Cope at Preston Pans, and afterwards penetrated into England. At -the same time Field-Marshal Wade marched with the troops under his -command, by Durham, Darlington, and Richmond, in order to cover -Yorkshire, and the cavalry proceeded to Doncaster, where the FOURTH -HORSE arrived on the 8th of December. - -Information having been received of the advance of the Highlanders -to Derby, and of their precipitate retreat from thence towards -Scotland, an attempt was made to intercept them, but without success. -The FOURTH HORSE were subsequently despatched, with some other corps, -under Major-General Oglethorp, in pursuit, and, after marching a -distance of 100 miles in three days, in most inclement weather, and -along roads choked with ice and snow, the King's troops overtook and -defeated the rear of the rebel army on the borders of Lancashire, -and captured several prisoners; but the main body of the Highlanders -escaped, and, having placed a garrison in Carlisle, continued their -flight to Scotland. The FOURTH HORSE pursued the Highlanders to -Carlisle, and were stationed near that city until its surrender on -the 30th of December. - -[Sidenote: 1746] - -In the beginning of 1746 the FOURTH HORSE marched to York, and, after -the decisive overthrow of the rebel army at _Culloden_, the regiment -furnished escorts to guard parties of prisoners to Lincoln, and other -places, in which service it was partially engaged throughout the -summer; and in September it was stationed at Bristol. - -The suppression of this rebellion having been effected, His Majesty -resolved, as a measure of economy, to reduce this and two other -regiments from the pay and quality of HORSE to that of DRAGOONS. The -establishment was accordingly changed on the 25th of December, 1746, -and, the pay of the non-commissioned officers and private men being -reduced by this alteration, every man received a gratuity of three -pounds, with the option of his discharge; and the men who accepted -their discharge received fourteen days' pay each, to defray the -expense of their journey home. The regiment was now armed with long -muskets and bayonets, also with swords and pistols, as before. A -slight alteration was at the same time made in the uniform;--the -officers were distinguished by gold lace and embroidery on their -regimentals, and a crimson silk sash worn over the left shoulder; the -quarter-masters by gold lace, and silk sashes round their waists; and -the serjeants by narrow lace on the lappels, sleeves, and pockets, -and a worsted sash round the waist. When this change had taken place -His Majesty conferred on the regiment the title of THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS, by a warrant dated the 9th of January, 1747, of which the -following is a copy:-- - -[Sidenote: 1747] - - 'GEORGE R. - - 'WHEREAS We have thought fit to order OUR OWN REGIMENT OF HORSE, - commanded by Our trusty and well-beloved General Sir Philip - Honeywood; THE QUEEN'S ROYAL REGIMENT OF HORSE, commanded by our - right trusty and right entirely beloved Cousin and Counsellor, - Lieutenant-General John Duke of Montague; and OUR REGIMENT OF - HORSE, commanded by Our right trusty and well-beloved Counsellor, - Field-Marshal George Wade, to be respectively formed into - regiments of Dragoons, and their establishment and pay, as - DRAGOONS, to commence the 25th of December, 1746: And, - - 'WHEREAS it is become necessary, by the said Regiments being - formed into Dragoons, that their former titles as Regiments - of Horse should be altered; We are hereby graciously pleased - to declare OUR ROYAL WILL AND PLEASURE, that Our Regiment of - Dragoons, now under the command of General Sir Philip Honeywood, - shall bear the title of Our FIRST REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS; - Our Regiment of Dragoons, now commanded by the Duke of Montague, - the title of Our SECOND REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS; and Our - Regiment of Dragoons, now commanded by Field-Marshal Wade, the - title of Our THIRD REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS, and have rank and - precedency of all other regiments of Dragoons in our service. - Nevertheless, - - 'OUR FURTHER WILL AND PLEASURE is, that the said three Regiments - of Dragoon Guards shall roll and do duty in Our army, or upon - detachments, with Our other forces, as Dragoons, in the same - manner as if the word GUARDS was not inserted in their respective - titles. - - 'WHEREOF the Colonels above mentioned, and the Colonels of Our - said Regiments for the time being, and all others whom it may - or shall concern, are to take notice and govern themselves - accordingly. - - 'Given at our Court at St. James's, this 9th day of January, - 1746-7, in the twentieth year of our reign. - - 'By HIS MAJESTY'S COMMAND, - 'H. FOX.' - -The establishment of the regiment, with the rates of pay of each -rank, is given in the following table, copied from the War-Office -records. - - +---------------------------------------------------------------------+ - | THIRD REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS. | - +------------------------------------------------------+--------------+ - | | Per Diem. | - | +----+----+----+ - | STAFF OFFICERS. | £. |_s._|_d._| - | | | | | - | The Colonel, _as Colonel_, 15_s._; allowance for | | | | - | servants 4_s._ 6_d._ | | 19 | 6 | - | Lieut.-Colonel, _as Lieut.-Colonel_ | | 9 | | - | Major, _as Major_ | | 5 | | - | Chaplain | | 6 | 8 | - | Surgeon | | 6 | | - | Adjutant | | 5 | | - | | | | | - | THE FIRST TROOP. | | | | - | | | | | - | Captain 8_s._; 3 horses 3_s._; in lieu of servants | | | | - | 4_s._ 6_d._ | | 15 | 6 | - | Lieutenant 4_s._; 2 horses 2_s._; in lieu of | | | | - | servants 3_s._ | | 9 | | - | Cornet 3_s._; 2 horses 2_s._; in lieu of servants | | | | - | 3_s._ | | 8 | | - | Quartermaster, for himself and horse 4_s._; in | | | | - | lieu of servants 1_s._ 6_d._ | | 5 | 6 | - | 3 Serjeants, each at 2_s._ 9_d._ | | 8 | 3 | - | 3 Corporals, each at 2_s._ 3_d._ | | 6 | 9 | - | 2 Drummers, each at 2_s._ 3_d._ | | 4 | 6 | - | 1 Hautboy | | 2 | | - | 59 Dragoons, at 1_s._ 9_d._ each for man and horse | 5 | 3 | 3 | - | Allowance to widows | | 2 | | - | For clothing lost by deserters | | 2 | 6 | - | For recruiting expenses | | 2 | 4 | - | For agency | | 1 | 2 | - | FIVE TROOPS MORE, of the same numbers | 42 | 13 | 9 | - | +----+----+----+ - | Total per Diem £| 53 | 15 | 8 | - | +----+----+----+ - | Total per Annum £19,630 | 18 | 4 | - +-----------------------------------------------------------+----+----+ - -[Sidenote: 1748] - -The regiment, having thus been constituted the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, -was disposed in quarters at Leicester and Coventry, where it passed -that and the following summer, and in the autumn of 1748 marched to -Durham and Newcastle. - -After the decease of Field-Marshal Wade, in February, 1748, the -Colonelcy was conferred on the Honourable Charles Howard. - -[Sidenote: 1749] - -[Sidenote: 1750] - -In the succeeding year the regiment was stationed at York and Barnard -Castle; and in 1750 at Loughborough, Norwich, and North Yarmouth. - -[Sidenote: 1752] - -[Sidenote: 1753] - -[Sidenote: 1754] - -In the spring of 1752 the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS furnished a relay of -escorts to attend the King to Harwich, where His Majesty embarked -for the continent, on a visit to his German dominions. During the -remainder of that year, and in the two succeeding years, detachments -of the regiment were employed on coast duty in Suffolk, Essex, and -Devonshire. Owing to an increase of duty on several articles of -foreign produce, smuggling had become prevalent to a great extent -in England, and it was found necessary to have parties of dragoons -constantly stationed in the maritime towns and villages to assist the -officers of the revenue in preventing the introduction of contraband -goods. At the same time a laxity of morals prevailed amongst the -labouring classes; and, in the absence of an efficient police in the -kingdom, parties of dragoons were employed to patrole the public -roads for the prevention of highway robberies, which had become -alarmingly frequent, and were often attended with acts of cruelty and -even murder. From the ephemeral publications of the day it appears -that organized gangs of robbers infested many parts of the kingdom at -this period. - -[Sidenote: 1755] - -In 1755 signs of an approaching war began to appear. The French -committed several acts of violence against British settlements in -America; retaliation was made by the English troops, and the French -were driven from the possessions they had seized. The British Court -was disposed to an amicable arrangement of the existing differences; -but such difficulties were raised by France, that his Majesty deemed -it prudent to augment the strength of the regular army, and an -addition of 1 corporal and 15 men was made to the strength of each -troop of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS: and subsequently a LIGHT TROOP, -consisting of 3 officers, 1 quarter-master, 2 serjeants, 3 corporals, -2 drummers, and 60 private men, was added to the establishment.[45] -The general utility of light dragoons had been manifest in -continental warfare; a regiment of light horse raised by the Duke of -Kingston in 1744 had been highly instrumental in the suppression of -the rebellion in Scotland; and from the autumn of 1755 light cavalry -have constituted a portion of the British land forces. - -[Sidenote: 1756] - -The aggressions of France in America were followed by a declaration -of war; when the King of France made preparations for a descent upon -England, which produced considerable alarm in the kingdom; but the -designs of the enemy were frustrated by the warlike preparations of -the British Government. In this year (1756) the establishment of the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was 24 officers, 7 quarter-masters, and 427 -non-commissioned officers and private men. - -During the summer a detachment of the regiment was stationed at -Kensington to assist the Life Guards in the performance of the -travelling escort-duty for the royal family. - -[Sidenote: 1757] - -In July, 1757, the regiment was encamped, with several other corps, -on Salisbury Plain, under the command of Lieut.-General Hawley; and -a brigade was there formed of the LIGHT TROOPS of several regiments, -for instruction in the evolutions, and in services peculiar to light -cavalry. In autumn the regiment marched to quarters at Colchester, -Malden, and Witham. - -[Sidenote: 1758] - -The augmentation made in the naval and military establishments of the -kingdom enabled the British Government to act offensively, and in -the spring of 1758 the LIGHT TROOP of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was -called upon to hold itself in readiness for actual warfare. In April -it was ordered to encamp near Petersfield, where a brigade was formed -of the light troops of nine regiments, under the command of Colonel -Eliott, of the Horse Grenadier Guards. Towards the end of May the -brigade embarked on board transports,--forming part of an expedition -under Charles Duke of Marlborough, designed for a descent on the -coast of France. On the 5th of June the Fleet arrived in Cancalle -Bay, on the coast of Brittany, and, having silenced a battery on the -shore, part of the troops were immediately landed; when a battalion -of French infantry and two troops of cavalry, posted on the heights -near that place, retired without making opposition. On the following -day the brigade of light cavalry and the artillery were landed; and -on the 7th the whole (excepting three battalions of infantry left to -cover the coast) marched to the vicinity of _St. Maloes_, and during -the night the light cavalry, with detachments from the infantry, -set fire to the shipping and naval stores at St. Servan, destroyed -a fleet of privateers, with a man-of-war of fifty guns, and another -of thirty-six, and afterwards retired. The capture of St. Maloes had -been designed; but the expedition was not provided with troops and -heavy ordnance sufficient for so great an undertaking; consequently -that design was laid aside, and on the 11th of June the light cavalry -were re-embarked. A second descent being rendered impracticable by -severe weather, the fleet returned to England, and the light cavalry -landed and encamped near Portsmouth and subsequently on Southsea -Common. - -A second visit to the coast of France was however determined on; -and after several experiments had been made with flat-bottomed -boats to ascertain the practicability of landing troops in rough -weather, the LIGHT TROOP of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was again -embarked, and the expedition sailed on the 1st of August, under the -command of Lieut.-General Bligh. After seven days the fleet anchored -near _Cherbourg_; the troops landed,--the town surrendered,--the -fortifications and works of the place with the shipping in the -harbour were destroyed, and the brass ordnance were brought away -as trophies of their success. A second descent was afterwards made -on the coast of Brittany; but no advantage resulted from this -enterprise; and when the troops re-embarked, the rear-guard was -attacked by a considerable body of the enemy, and about 1000 men, -with many officers of distinction, were killed, drowned, or taken -prisoners. - -In the mean time His Majesty's German dominions had been the scene -of conflict and disaster; and a body of Hanoverian, Hessian, -and Brunswick troops, commanded by the Duke of Cumberland, had -been subject to a capitulation, by which it was agreed that the -Hessian and Brunswick forces should return to their homes, and the -Hanoverians remain in a district assigned to them: at the same time -the Electorate of Hanover was taken possession of by the enemy. -The conditions of this capitulation were, however, violated by the -French; the Hanoverians resumed their arms, and, with the Hessian -and Brunswick troops, amounting to 30,000 men, all in British pay, -re-assembled under the command of Prince Ferdinand Duke of Brunswick, -and had the advantage in several actions with the enemy. In July a -British force was ordered to proceed to Germany, under the command -of Charles, Duke of Marlborough, and the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were -ordered for this service. - -Previous to embarking they were encamped on Blackheath, on a fine -lawn in front of the residence of Sir George Page, where they -were reviewed by His Majesty in presence of a vast concourse of -spectators, and their fine appearance was universally admired; at -the same time the most sanguine expectations were entertained of -the future achievements of this distinguished corps on the field of -battle. - -On the 27th of July the regiment embarked at Gravesend, and arrived -at Embden, in Germany, on the 1st of August. On the 3rd of that month -the troops landed a few miles above the town, where they encamped -until the morning of the 5th, when they commenced their march up -the country, and joined the army commanded by Prince Ferdinand of -Brunswick on the 17th. On the 20th the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were -reviewed, with several other corps, by his Serene Highness, who -expressed his admiration of their condition after the march. They -were not, however, engaged in any affair of importance during the -remainder of the campaign; and they passed the winter in quarters in -the bishopric of Osnaburg. - -[Sidenote: 1759] - -The allies commenced operations early in the spring of 1759, and, -having gained considerable advantage over the enemy in the country of -Hesse, afterwards attacked (13th of April) the French army commanded -by the Duke of Broglio in its position at _Bergen_. In this action -the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS supported the attack of the infantry, and -were subsequently brought forward to menace the enemy's front; but -it was found impracticable to force the position, and during the -following night the allies retired, nor were they enabled to make -a stand against the superior numbers of the enemy for some time -afterwards. - -During this campaign the regiment was formed in brigade with the -Scots Greys and Tenth Dragoons: and on the 17th of July it was -encamped on Petershagen Heath, a few miles from _Minden_, and near -the strong position occupied by the French army under the Duke de -Broglio and Marshal Contades. - -On the 29th of July the allies advanced and took post at Hillé, and -the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were encamped on the extreme right of the -cavalry. Prince Ferdinand having, by several manœuvres, succeeded in -drawing the French army from its strong post in front of _Minden_, -a general engagement was fought on the 1st of August, when the -valour of the British infantry decided the fortune of the day, -and the enemy, after a sharp contest, sustained a decisive defeat, -with the loss of forty-three pieces of cannon, ten pair of colours, -and seven standards. At the commencement of the action the THIRD -DRAGOON GUARDS were posted, with several other corps, under Lord -George Sackville,[46] behind a thick wood on the right of the army, -and, although these troops were not brought forward in time to share -in the conflict and glories of the day, yet they afterwards highly -distinguished themselves in the pursuit of the enemy a distance of -about two hundred miles, in which great difficulties were overcome, -and several French corps were nearly annihilated. - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS took part in the several manœuvres and -skirmishes of this campaign, which were continued throughout the -year. In November the regiment was posted on the banks of the river -Lahn, and it subsequently occupied cantonments near Osnaburg. - -[Sidenote: 1760] - -In the spring of 1760 the enemy brought into the field an army of -100,000 men, commanded by the Duke of Broglio, with a separate corps -under the Count de St. Germain; and so far outnumbered the allies, -that the latter were obliged to act on the defensive. The THIRD -DRAGOON GUARDS left their cantonments in the early part of May, -arrived at Paderborn on the 12th, and on the 20th encamped on the -heights near Fritzlar, where they were formed in brigade with the -First and Second Dragoon Guards, under the command of Major-General -Webb. The enemy, superior in numbers and situation, advanced against -the allies, some skirmishing occurred, but Prince Ferdinand was -ultimately obliged to retire. Leaving Fritzlar on the 24th of June, -the allies proceeded in the direction of the Dymel, and on the 9th -of July the main army took post on the heights of Brannau. On the -same day the First and THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were sent forward to -Saxenhausen, to reinforce a separate body of troops commanded by the -Hereditary Prince of Brunswick. - -On the 10th of July the Hereditary Prince marched towards _Corbach_, -and when he approached that place he discovered a body of French -troops formed upon the heights near the town. Imagining it was -only the advanced guard of the Count de St. Germain's corps, his -Highness determined to endeavour to dislodge them. The attack was -accordingly made, and the intrepidity and firmness of the troops -were conspicuous; but the enemy proved more numerous than was -anticipated, and, being reinforced with fresh troops, it was found -impossible to drive them from the advantageous post which they -occupied, and a retreat was ordered. This was, however, rendered of -difficult execution by the pressure of the enemy's advanced corps. -Some disorder occurred. Several German regiments of infantry and -cavalry were thrown into confusion, and the enemy, following up this -advantage with a large body of dragoons and a numerous artillery, -threatened the entire destruction of this portion of the allied army. -At this critical moment the First and THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were -brought forward to undertake a service of great magnitude,--no less -than to confront a torrent of superior and increasing numbers, and -to drive back the victorious legions that were pouring down upon the -allies,--a service which would at once attest the intrinsic worth -of these corps; and their conduct proved their genuine bravery, and -showed that the same valour, for which the corps had often been -distinguished as the FOURTH HORSE, also glowed in the bosoms of the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. The two regiments instantly confronted the -foe, and conscious of their own power they dashed forward upon the -foaming ranks of the enemy, and used their broad swords with dreadful -execution. The torrent of battle was arrested. The pursuing squadrons -were driven back, 'mangled with many a ghastly wound,' and the -remainder of the army was enabled to make an undisturbed retreat.[47] -After driving back the enemy's squadrons the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS -retired, and joined the main army, encamped at Saxenhausen, on the -same evening. - -The loss of the regiment on this proud occasion was thirty-five men -and thirty-four horses; with one man and two horses wounded.[48] - -In consequence of some movements of the enemy Prince Ferdinand -proceeded with the main body of the army towards Cassel, and on -the 27th of July the troops encamped near Kalle. At the same time -the Chevalier de Muy, who had succeeded the Count de St. Germain, -having crossed the river Dymel with 35,000 men, and taken post on the -heights near _Warbourg_, with a view of cutting off the communication -of the allies with Westphalia, Prince Ferdinand resolved to attack -him in this post. The attack commenced on the morning of the 31st -of July, and the brigade of Dragoon Guards had another opportunity, -which it did not suffer to pass, of distinguishing itself. The -action had been maintained for a short time, although only a part of -the allied army had reached the scene of conflict, and the English -cavalry were a distance of five miles in the rear, but they advanced -at great speed, at the same time preserving such order and regularity -as enabled them to charge successfully the instant they arrived on -the ground; and after driving the enemy's cavalry out of the field, -they attacked the French infantry and chased them from the heights -with prodigious slaughter. The town of Warbourg was carried. The -Dragoon Guards, led by the Marquis of Granby,[49] pressed forward in -the pursuit, crossed the Dymel, and the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, after -acquiring great honour in the fight and in the pursuit, encamped that -night on the heights of Wilda. - -The regiment only lost one man and five horses in this engagement, -with eight men and three horses wounded. - -Notwithstanding the signal bravery of the British troops, the enemy, -by superior numbers, was enabled to gain possession of several -important towns; and, on the advance of the main army under the Duke -de Broglio, the Dragoon Guards left their advanced post at Wilda, -repassed the Dymel, and joined the lines near Warbourg on the 3rd of -August. During the remainder of the campaign many brilliant services -were performed by the British troops and their allies. By secret and -expeditious movements, by daring and rapid advances, and by sudden -and unexpected attacks, the enemy was kept in constant alarm; and -this warfare of detachments, in which the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS took -an active part, prevented the French from deriving that advantage -from their superior numbers which had been anticipated. At the -conclusion of the campaign the British troops went into quarters in -the bishopric of Paderborn, where they suffered great hardship from a -scarcity of forage and provision. - -[Sidenote: 1761] - -The French having, by their superior numbers, gained possession of -Hesse and the Lower Rhine, amassed immense magazines of provision -and forage in convenient situations; and having secured the -communications necessary for their subsistence, they possessed great -advantages over the allies, whose numbers were daily diminishing in -consequence of privations. - -Prince Ferdinand, conscious of the difficulties of his situation, -formed one of those daring schemes which he knew the innate ardour of -his troops would execute. In the most severe season of the year, when -military operations were least expected, he made a sudden, extensive, -and vigorous attack upon the enemy's cantonments, threw the French -into the utmost consternation, and drove a superior army before him -for many miles. Having taken several strong towns, and captured -many of the enemy's magazines, the allies returned to their former -quarters, and the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS went into cantonments in the -villages near the banks of the Dymel. - -On the advance of the French army in the middle of June, 1761, the -allies, having assembled from their cantonments, marched in several -columns to Gesecke, and subsequently took post with their left on -the river Lippe, the left centre under the Marquis of Granby at -_Kirch-Denkern_, and the right extending towards the village of -Werle; at the same time the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were posted on the -heights of Wambeln. - -The combined French armies, commanded by Marshals Soubise and the -Duke de Broglio, advanced against the allies; frequent skirmishes -took place in the early part of July, and on the 15th of that month -a furious attack was made upon the post occupied by the Marquis of -Granby; but the enemy were repulsed and driven back to the woods, -where the fire of the skirmishers was kept up throughout the night. -The division of the allied army commanded by the Prince of Anhalt -having been removed to support the Marquis of Granby, a body of -British troops, under Lieutenant-General Conway, took possession of -the ground vacated by the Prince, being an eminence, between Illingen -and Hohenover; and here the brigade of Dragoon Guards, commanded by -Major-General Douglas, was posted. On the following day the French -drove in the skirmishers, and renewed the attack with additional -forces, at the same time extending the sphere of their operations; -and an attempt was made upon the post occupied by the brigade of -Dragoon Guards. The assailants were, however, everywhere repulsed, -and they were eventually driven back with the loss of above 5000 men, -9 pieces of cannon, and 6 colours. Unfortunately the nature of the -ground prevented the cavalry from taking part in the engagement. - -In August the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were engaged in a general attack -upon the enemy's posts, near the Dymel; and afterwards crossed that -river and advanced to the vicinity of Cassel. In the early part of -November they were engaged in dislodging a French corps from its post -near _Capelnhagen_. On the 6th and 7th of that month they skirmished -with the enemy's advanced posts at _Eimbeck_, in the Electorate of -Hanover. On the same evening the Dragoon Guards, with several other -corps, marched through a heavy snow, and the following morning -arrived at _Foorwohle_, where they erected their tents; but just as -the encampment was formed, an alarm was given by the out-posts of -the advance of the enemy in force. The British horsemen instantly -formed, attacked the enemy with their accustomed gallantry, and drove -them back with loss. Prince Ferdinand was a spectator of this act of -gallantry, and expressed great admiration of the spirited conduct of -the officers and men.[50] This warfare by detached parties, which -occasioned considerable loss in men and horses from fatigue and -exposure to inclement weather, produced no decisive results; and in -the beginning of November the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS went into quarters -in East Friesland. - -[Sidenote: 1762] - -In the spring of 1762 the allies made an excursion into the country -of Berg, where they raised contributions. On the 18th of June the -main army encamped at Brakel, where the First and THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS formed a brigade under the command of Major-General the Earl -of Pembroke. On the 20th of the same month the army advanced towards -the Dymel; and the French, under Marshals d'Etrées and Soubise moved -forward and encamped at _Groebenstien_; when a favourable opportunity -presenting itself, Prince Ferdinand immediately made dispositions for -attacking the enemy. - -Moving from their camp at an early hour on the morning of the 24th -of June the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, forming part of the centre column, -crossed the Dymel between Libenau and Silen, and took part in -surprising the enemy in their camp, and in driving them from their -ground, with the loss of their camp equipage and many prisoners. -At the same time a French corps, consisting of the grenadiers of -France, the Royal Grenadiers, the Regiment of Aquitaine, and other -troops, under the command of General Stainville, threw themselves -into the woods near Wilhelmsthal, to cover the retreat of the army; -when the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, with the main body of the allied army, -surrounded the wood, and nearly every man of this French corps was -either killed or taken prisoner, two battalions only escaping. - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS afterwards pursued the main body of the -French army in the direction of Cassel, and at night encamped on the -heights between Holtzhausen and Weimar. - -In the middle of July the regiment took part in an attack on the -enemy's posts on the _Fulda_; and was subsequently engaged in -several military operations on that river, and also on the Eder. By -a succession of combined operations the allies compelled the enemy -to evacuate a considerable portion of territory, and the campaign -ended with the taking of Cassel. The success of the British army -was followed by a suspension of hostilities, which took place in -November, and the troops went into quarters in the Bishopric of -Munster. - -[Sidenote: 1763] - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS having received, in common with the whole -army, the thanks of Parliament for their eminent and meritorious -services during the war, commenced their march on the 27th of -January, 1763, through Holland to Williamstadt, where they embarked -for England: the numbers of the regiment on embarkation appear to -have been 14 officers, 328 men, and 434 horses, with 32 officers' -servants, and 33 women who had accompanied their husbands through -these long and toilsome campaigns.[51] - -After its arrival in England the regiment was stationed at -Canterbury; and its establishment was reduced to 28 private men -per troop. At the same time the LIGHT TROOP, which had not been on -service with the remainder of the regiment, was relieved from the -King's duty at Windsor by the 15th Light Dragoons, and disbanded. -Eight men per troop of each of the old troops were, however, -subsequently equipped as LIGHT DRAGOONS, a practice which appears to -have been general in the heavy cavalry regiments.[52] - -In consequence of a representation of the increase of smuggling, and -of the inability of the officers of the revenue and civil authorities -to resist, successfully, the organized gangs which infested the -maritime towns and villages, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were dispersed -in detachments along the Kentish coast, the head-quarters being at -Canterbury. - -[Sidenote: 1764] - -In April, 1764, the regiment was ordered to call in its detachments -and march into quarters near London; and on the 14th of May it -was reviewed in Hyde Park, by His Majesty King George III., who -was pleased to express his approbation of the uniform and compact -appearance of the regiment, and of the manner in which the various -evolutions were executed. After the review the regiment marched to -Leicester, Northampton, and Kettering. - - -This year His Majesty commanded the recruiting and remounting of -the several cavalry corps to be submitted to the consideration of a -Board of General Officers; and in consequence of its report, orders -were issued for the recruits received into the regiments of dragoon -guards to be from five feet eight inches to five feet ten inches -in height; and that the remount horses should not be under fifteen -hands, nor above fifteen hands one inch: at the same time the several -regiments were ordered to be remounted with _long-tailed_ horses: -jacked leather boots were also laid aside, and boots of a lighter -description were adopted; and the men were ordered to wear epaulettes -on the right shoulder instead of aiguillettes. - -[Sidenote: 1765] - -The reputation which the regiment had acquired in the field, and its -uniform good conduct on all occasions, attracted the attention of the -King, and in 1765 his Majesty was pleased to confer upon it the title -of THE PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS, in honour of the -heir apparent to the throne (afterwards King George IV.), who was -then in the third year of his age: at the same time it obtained,--as -a regimental badge,--a coronet, with a plume of three feathers, a -rising sun, and a red dragon, with the motto 'ICH DIEN.' In the -month of March of the same year, it proceeded to Scotland; and in -September Major-General Lord Robert Manners was appointed its Colonel -in succession to Sir Charles Howard, deceased. - -[Sidenote: 1766] - -In the spring of 1766 the regiment returned to England, and was -stationed at Manchester and its vicinity. In July the DRUMMERS were -taken off the establishment, and TRUMPETERS were appointed in their -place. - -[Sidenote: 1767] - -[Sidenote: 1768] - -The regiment left Manchester in April 1767, and proceeded to -Coventry, Warwick, and Birmingham. In March of the succeeding year, -the several troops assembled at Coventry, from whence they proceeded -to Newbury and Speenham-Land, and after having been reviewed by -His Majesty on Bagshot Heath, marched to quarters at Dorchester, -Sherbourn, and Blandford. - -[Sidenote: 1769] - -[Sidenote: 1770] - -[Sidenote: 1772] - -In 1769 the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were on coast duty in Sussex, with -their head-quarters at Lewes. After calling in the detachments, the -regiment assembled at Chichester in 1770, from whence it proceeded -to the vicinity of London, and had the honour of passing in review -before His Majesty on Blackheath. In May it marched to Colchester, -Chelmsford, and Ingatestone; and in the spring of 1772 proceeded to -Scotland. - -[Sidenote: 1773] - -[Sidenote: 1777] - -After remaining in Scotland twelve months, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS -returned to England and occupied quarters in South Britain, until the -spring of 1777, when they again proceeded to the north. - -[Sidenote: 1778] - -The nation was at this period engaged in a war with its North -American colonies, and the French monarch having agreed to assist -the revolted provincials, the army was augmented, and during the -time this regiment was in Scotland, an addition of one serjeant, one -corporal, and fifteen private men was made to the establishment. It -returned to England in April, and in May a squadron was in attendance -on the King and Queen at Portsmouth, whither their Majesties -proceeded to witness a naval review, &c. In August, a further -addition of eight men, who were to be equipped as light dragoons, was -made to its numbers. During the summer it was encamped on Salisbury -Plain. - -[Sidenote: 1779] - -In 1779 the men of the PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS equipped as -light dragoons, with the men of the 1st, 6th, and 11th Dragoons were -formed into a regiment, which was numbered the 20th regiment of Light -Dragoons; and from this period the heavy regiments ceased to have a -portion of their men equipped as light cavalry. - -During the summer the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS with the 1st Royal -Dragoons, and the 15th, 20th, and 21st Light Dragoons, were encamped -on Lexdon Heath, near Colchester. - -[Sidenote: 1780] - -During the summer of 1780 the regiment was stationed at Shrewsbury, -and on the breaking out of the memorable riots in London, it was -suddenly called upon to proceed thither. Severe measures being found -absolutely necessary to preserve the metropolis from destruction, the -suppression of these riots was a painful service to the troops, and -the violence of the misguided people was so great, that about 300 -rioters fell victims to their own folly, before order was restored. - -The PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS returned to their quarters at -Shrewsbury in July, where they continued for some time. - -[Sidenote: 1782] - -On the 7th of June, 1782, his Majesty conferred the Colonelcy on -Lieut.-General Philip Honeywood from the 4th Regiment of Irish Horse -(now 7th Dragoon Guards), in the place of Lord Robert Manners, -deceased. - -[Sidenote: 1783] - -After the British Government had recognised the independence of the -United States of America, the strength of the army was reduced, -and the establishment of the PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS was -decreased 154 men. - -[Sidenote: 1785] - -The decease of General Honeywood having occurred in January, 1785, -his Majesty appointed Major-General Richard Burton Philipson Colonel -of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. - -[Sidenote: 1788] - -[Sidenote: 1789] - -The regiment continued in England until the spring of 1788, when -it again proceeded to Scotland, and remained in that kingdom the -usual period of one year. After its arrival in England, in 1789, the -establishment was increased nine men per troop. - -[Sidenote: 1792] - -In August, 1792, the Colonelcy of the PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON -GUARDS, vacant by the decease of General Philipson, was conferred on -Major-General Sir William Fawcett, K.B., then Adjutant-General of the -Forces. - -[Sidenote: 1793] - -A further augmentation was made in the establishment in the spring of -1793, with a view to its being employed in actual warfare against the -revolutionary party in France, who had seized the reins of government -in that country, and beheaded their sovereign. - -A French army under General Dumourier, having attacked the frontiers -of Holland, a British force was sent to the continent under the -command of His Royal Highness the Duke of York, to co-operate with -the Austrians, Prussians, and Dutch; and on the 25th of May, four -troops of the PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS embarked at Northfleet -for this service. Having landed at Ostend, they advanced to the -vicinity of Tournay, and formed part of a corps of reserve to the -covering army during the siege of _Valenciennes_, which place -surrendered to His Royal Highness the Duke of York on the 26th of -July. The siege of _Dunkirk_ was next undertaken, with the view -of replacing that fortress under the dominion of England, and the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS formed part of the force employed in covering -the operation. The enemy having brought forward an immense body of -troops, attacked the covering army with great fury; when some severe -fighting occurred, during which the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, owing to -the nature of the ground, had to dismount and act as infantry; and -the covering army, being eventually driven from its ground by the -superior numbers of the enemy, the Duke of York raised the siege. The -British troops afterwards returning to the vicinity of Tournay, were -engaged in several skirmishes with the enemy; and towards the end of -the year the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS proceeded to Ghent and Bruges for -winter quarters. - -[Sidenote: 1794] - -Early in 1794 the regiment was again in the field; and it was engaged -in the general attack on the enemy's positions at _Vaux_, _Premont_, -_Marets_, and _Catillon_, on the 17th of April; and was subsequently -encamped, with nearly the whole of the British army, on the heights -of _Cateau_, to cover the siege of _Landrécies_, which was undertaken -by the Austrians. - -On the evening of the 25th of April a French corps of about 30,000 -men, commanded by Lieut.-General Chapuy, marched out of Cambray, -and on the following morning advanced against the British troops. -At day-break the enemy formed line, and being concealed by a thick -fog, took possession of a village in front of the British position. -At length their movements being plainly seen, His Royal Highness -detached the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and other cavalry of the right -wing, to turn the enemy's left flank; and this movement having been -executed, the British squadrons charged with their characteristic -gallantry, overthrew the troops of the enemy, and pursued them to -the gates of Cambray. In the midst of the conflict the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS, ever emulous of glory, were seen carrying destruction and -defeat through the enemy's ranks; and in their victorious career, -the allies captured thirty-five pieces of cannon, with a number of -prisoners, amongst whom was the French commander, Lieut.-General -Chapuy, who surrendered his sword to Major Tiddieman, the -commanding-officer of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. - -The regiment, however, purchased its laurels with the loss of Captain -Pigot, Lieutenant Fellowes, 1 quarter-master, 1 serjeant, 36 private -men, and 46 horses killed, besides a great number wounded. His -Royal Highness the Duke of York expressed his admiration of its -conduct,[53] and inserted the following paragraph in the General -Orders issued on this occasion. - - 'The Austrian Regiment of Cuirassiers of Zetchwitz, the Blues, - the 1st, 3rd, and 5th Dragoon Guards, the Royals, Archduke - Ferdinand's Hussars, and the 16th Light Dragoons, who attacked - and defeated the principal column of the enemy on the right, HAVE - ALL ACQUIRED IMMORTAL HONOUR TO THEMSELVES.' - -After the surrender of _Landrécies_, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS marched -to the vicinity of _Tournay_, and on the 10th of May were engaged in -repulsing the attack of the enemy, whose troops were forced across -the Marque, with the loss of thirteen pieces of cannon. The regiment -behaved on this occasion with its accustomed gallantry; and sustained -a loss of 2 officers, 1 serjeant, and 14 private men, with 25 horses -killed; and 2 officers, 2 serjeants, 6 men, and 2 horses wounded. - -The allies subsequently sustained several severe losses in actions -with the enemy, and the Austrians having resolved to abandon the -Netherlands, the Duke of York, who had maintained his position in -front of Tournay against all opposition, was obliged to make a -corresponding movement. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS shared, in common -with the other regiments, the hardships which this event occasioned. -In the subsequent retreat through Holland, which was occasioned -in a great measure by the defection of the Dutch people, the -incessant fatigue, the inclemency of the season, and the difficulty -experienced in procuring supplies, reduced the British troops to a -most distressing state of ill health, and occasioned the death of -hundreds of brave men. At length the Maese and the Waal were frozen; -the French, with their cannon and all the _matériel_ of their army, -passed these rivers on the ice: some hard fighting occurred, but -the British, in their reduced condition, were unable to oppose -effectual resistance. The army retired in the midst of a rigorous -winter, through a hostile country covered with ice and snow, without -necessaries, and without accommodation: consequently numbers perished -from want, and others were frozen to death; yet the survivors -preserved a firm and undaunted countenance, and defeated the attacks -of the pursuing army. 'Such was the fate of as brave a body of men as -ever Great Britain sent into the field. Both men and officers behaved -themselves throughout the whole of the campaigns of 1793 and 1794, -with a spirit that distinguished them wherever they were employed, -and that fully corresponded with that idea of British valour, so -justly entertained by foreign nations. It was, however, in the last -stages of this unsuccessful campaign that their courage appeared with -the most lustre. The undesponding perseverance with which they met -and surmounted every hardship and obstacle, arising from the various -incidents of war, was the more remarkable, that they contended -against an enemy in full possession of every advantage occurring from -victory, and whom they could only expect to impress with a sense of -their valour. Herein they certainly succeeded.'[54] - -[Sidenote: 1795] - -Having arrived at Bremen, in Lower Saxony, the troops there obtained -provision and rest. The infantry embarked for England in April, 1795; -but the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, and several other cavalry regiments, -remained in Germany until November, when they returned to England. - -[Sidenote: 1799] - -In the summer of 1799 the regiment was encamped near Swinley, under -the command of Lieut.-Colonel Payne, and was this year ordered to be -mounted on nag-tailed horses. - -[Sidenote: 1800] - -It was again encamped at Swinley in the summer of 1800, and was -reviewed on the downs by his Majesty King George III., who was -pleased to express to Lieut.-Colonel Payne, through Sir William -Fawcett, the colonel of the regiment, his high approbation of the -appearance of the officers and men, and of the superior description -and high condition of the horses. - -[Sidenote: 1803] - -[Sidenote: 1804] - -In 1803 it proceeded to Scotland, and was stationed at Piershill -Barracks, near Edinburgh; from whence it marched, in February, -1804, to Portpatrick, and embarked for Ireland. After debarking -at Donaghadee, it occupied quarters at Londonderry, Enniskillen, -Dundalk, and Belturbet. - -On the 2nd of April, 1804, His Majesty appointed Major-General -Richard Vyse to the Colonelcy of the THIRD OR PRINCE OF WALES' OWN -REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS, in succession to General Sir William -Fawcett, K.B., deceased. - -[Sidenote: 1805] - -In the summer the regiment marched to Dublin, from whence it -subsequently proceeded to Limerick, Fermoy, Mallow, and Bandon, and -returned to Dublin in December, 1805. - -[Sidenote: 1808] - -Orders having been given for the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS to join the -intended expedition to the Continent, one-half of the regiment -embarked from Dublin and sailed to Liverpool, but the expedition, -having been countermanded, on the arrival of the remainder of the -regiment, the whole proceeded to Exeter, where the head-quarters were -stationed until June, 1808, when the regiment marched to Dorchester; -and shortly afterwards to Chichester and Arundel. - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were present at the review which took place -at Brighton on the 12th of August, 1808, in honour of the birth-day -of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales. They afterwards occupied -quarters at Brighton and Lewes, and in the autumn they were called -upon to hold themselves in readiness to proceed on foreign service, -to participate in the victories gained by the British forces in -Portugal and Spain serving under that illustrious commander, now -Arthur Duke of Wellington, whose splendid achievements are interwoven -with the history of Europe. - -The regiment embarked at Portsmouth on the 5th of December, but -afterwards disembarked and returned to its former quarters, from -whence it proceeded to Hastings and other places in that part of the -country. - -[Sidenote: 1809] - -In March, 1809, it again proceeded to Portsmouth, where eight troops, -of eighty-eight horses each, embarked on the 3rd and 4th of April, -under the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Granby Calcraft, leaving -two troops at Blatchington, where the dépôt was established under the -command of Lieutenant-Colonel Watson. - -The Fleet sailed on the 17th of April, and two days afterwards the -Doris transport was run down by the Bonne Citoyenne, in the Bay of -Biscay, and thirty troop horses and two officers' horses were lost. - -Having landed at Lisbon on the 26th and 27th of April, the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS proceeded to Belem barracks, and were -formed in brigade with the Fourth Dragoons, under the command of -Brigadier-General Henry Fane. From Belem they proceeded on the -4th of May up the country, and on the 10th of that month occupied -quarters at Golegon and Torres Novas. On the 22nd the head-quarters -were at Thomar, and on the 11th of June they encamped on the -picturesque grounds near the banks of the Tagus at Abrantes, where -Lieutenant-General Sir Arthur Wellesley had recently arrived from a -successful expedition on the Douro. - -Towards the end of June the army advanced. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS -left Abrantes on the 28th of that month, and, having entered Spain, -were encamped, on the 10th of July, at Plasencia. Advancing from -thence on the 18th of July, the army crossed the Tietar, and -proceeding along the romantic valley of the Tagus, formed two columns -on the 22nd, with the view of attacking the French posts at _Talavera -de la Reyna_. A body of Spanish troops came up with the enemy's -rear-guard near the village of Gamonal, when 2000 French dragoons -obliged the Spanish general to display his whole line of 15,000 -infantry and 3000 cavalry; nor did the French horsemen attempt to -fall back until they perceived the scarlet uniforms of the British -cavalry on their right, when they retired; and the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS took a conspicuous part in the pursuit. They afterwards -crossed the Alberche to Cazalegas, and took post in front of the army -to sustain the Spanish corps. - -The advance of a French force, commanded by Joseph Buonaparte, being -immediately followed by the defeat and precipitate retreat of the -Spaniards in front, the British commander took up a position,--his -right on _Talavera de la Reyna_, and his left on the steep hills -which bounded the woody plain; when the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS took -their station in rear of the left. - -The action commenced on the 27th of July, and was renewed on -the following day. A great part of the Spanish army fled at the -commencement of the battle; the English, however, maintained their -ground, and many of the Spaniards were induced to return to their -posts. The several attacks were made with the usual impetuosity of -the French soldiers. The advancing columns were, however, met with a -firmness and constancy which confounded the assailants, and in every -instance the enemy was repulsed and driven back with loss. On the -28th the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and Fourth Dragoons, having moved into -the plain to the left, advanced to charge a column of the enemy's -infantry, but the attack was countermanded, and the two regiments, -after supporting the charge of Major-General Anson's brigade, were -ordered to resume their former position. On this occasion Captain -Brice, of the regiment, was severely wounded by a cannon ball. At -length the enemy, repulsed in every attack by the British infantry, -and driven back with dreadful carnage, retired, leaving seventeen -pieces of cannon in possession of the English. The gallant bearing -of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS in this action procured them the royal -permission to bear the word TALAVERA on their standards. - -Little advantage resulted from this splendid display of valour, the -enemy having so great a superiority of numbers that, at the time -the action took place, a French army, commanded by Marshal Soult, -was advancing upon the rear of the allies. Information having been -received that this force had entered Plasencia, Sir Arthur Wellesley, -leaving the greater part of the Spanish force at Talavera, proceeded -on the 3rd of August with the British troops to meet the advancing -enemy. The Spaniards, however, ascertained that a French force was -advancing on Talavera, and they instantly retired, leaving the -British sick and wounded to the mercy of the enemy. At the same time -Sir Arthur Wellesley ascertained that the force in his front was far -more numerous than he expected, and he found himself in a critical -situation. - -The allied army did not exceed 47,000 men, and the greater part of -these were Spaniards: the British, owing to the neglect and apathy of -the Spanish authorities, had been some time without a regular supply -of provision, and the strength of the men was exhausted. In front -was Marshal Soult, with 53,000 men, in the rear was a French army -of about 40,000, on the right were impassable mountains, and on the -left the river Tagus. Under these circumstances the British commander -resolved not to attack the enemy, but to cross the bridge of -Arzobispo, and take up a defensive line behind the river. The bridge -was accordingly crossed on the 4th of August, and by two o'clock the -army was in position on the opposite banks. From Arzobispo the army -proceeded towards Deleytoza, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS covering the -retreat, and on the evening of the 4th of August they joined the camp -near Truxillo. On the 10th they were again in motion, and having -arrived at Merida on the 20th they encamped on the banks of the -Guadiana on the 26th of that month, where they remained nine weeks. -Extraordinary fatigue, added to a want of food, had already reduced -the British troops to a very weak and unhealthy state, and whilst -in this condition they were attacked by a malignant fever, which -proved fatal to great numbers both of officers and men. The THIRD -DRAGOON GUARDS lost on this occasion one major, two captains, two -lieutenants, and many non-commissioned officers and private men. - -The regiment was removed from the camp on the 28th of October, to -quarters in the town, and it subsequently retired into the valley -of the Mondego. During the winter the Spanish army was defeated, -captured, or dispersed. The British remained in Portugal, and their -commander was created Baron Douro and Viscount Wellington. - -[Sidenote: 1810] - -Before the opening of the following campaign the French army in -the Peninsula was considerably reinforced; fresh troops, flushed -with their recent German victories, were crowding into Spain, to -the amount of nearly 100,000 men; and in the spring of 1810 the -enemy's force in the Peninsula exceeded 300,000 men. The British -commander could no longer calculate upon offensive operations: he, -however, resolved to attempt the preservation of Portugal, and made -his admirable arrangements accordingly. The ground fixed upon for a -final stand was near Lisbon; but the troops continued in advance of -this position as long as possible. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were in -motion on the 18th of February, 1810, and they arrived at Coimbra on -the 23rd; advancing from thence on the 29th of April, they reached -Mongauldo and Viseu on the 3rd of May, where a remount of thirty-five -men and thirty-three horses joined from England, under the command of -Captain Watts. - -On the 13th of May Brigadier-General the Honourable G. de Grey was -appointed to the command of the brigade composed of the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS and Fourth Dragoons. - -The French army designed to act against Portugal advanced, under the -command of Marshal Massena, Prince of Esling, who, meeting with no -force capable of resisting his numerous legions, soon took Ciudad -Rodrigo, and invested Almeida. Lord Wellington, having resolved -to retire, sent the cavalry forward to Freixedas, and, on the 28th -of July, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS took post at Minncae, while the -infantry retired behind the Mondego, except the fourth division, -which remained at Guarda. The explosion of the magazine at Almeida -having decided the fate of that place, and accelerated the advance of -the enemy, Lord Wellington fixed his cavalry at Celerico, with posts -of observation at Guarda and Trancoso. The enemy advancing in force, -the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, and other corps, retired on the 15th of -September, passed the Mondego, and on the 19th encamped on a plain -in front of Montagao. In the mean time a remount of twenty-three men -and forty-seven horses joined the regiment under Cornet Homewood. -The retreat was continued, and on the 23rd of September the regiment -arrived at Busaco, and encamped at Villa Nova, in rear of the main -body of the army. - -The French army was marching upon Lisbon, and Marshal Massena vaunted -that he would drive the English into the sea, and the imperial eagles -should triumph in the capital of Portugal, when suddenly the rocks -of _Busaco_ were seen bristling with bayonets and streaming with -British colours. On the 27th of September the French attacked the -heights: ascending, with wonderful alacrity the mountain sides, they -stormed the position; but were repulsed and driven back with immense -slaughter. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were in reserve in the rear, the -conflict being on the steep and rugged sides of rocks and mountains, -where cavalry could not engage. The enemy having failed in the -attack, endeavoured to turn the left flank of the position, when Lord -Wellington immediately retired. The inhabitants in the vicinity were -all required to quit their homes and proceed with their provisions -and movable property in front of the army, and the population (all -orders, sexes, and ages) retired like a cloud behind the lines of -Torres Vedras, where a series of works, connected with ranges of -rocks and mountains, formed something like a fortified citadel of -vast extent, which covered Lisbon. - -The first range of defence extended about twenty miles; the second, -and principal range, was from six to ten miles in rear of the first, -and it extended about twenty-nine miles; and, at a considerable -distance in the rear of the second, was formed a third range of -defences: one flank was protected by a flotilla of gun-boats on the -Tagus, manned by British seamen; and the other flank by the sea. - -Here Lord Wellington resolved to make a decisive stand. The French -commander was astounded when he discovered this formidable barrier, -against which his superior numbers could not prevail. After making -several reconnoissances, and skirmishing with the advanced posts, -he relinquished his design and commenced retiring upon Santarem, -when the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS advanced in pursuit, and succeeded in -capturing several prisoners. - -[Sidenote: 1811] - -After arriving at Santarem the enemy collected his means, called to -his aid additional forces, and prepared to make a mighty effort. -The British army was also augmented, and the defences increased. -At length the French army was so reduced from sickness and other -causes, that Marshal Massena was under the necessity of retreating, -and having destroyed a great quantity of stores and artillery, -which he could not remove, he retired on the night of the 5th of -March, 1811. The allied army moved forward in pursuit, harassing -and attacking the enemy's rear with varied success. The French were -guilty of the most enormous acts of barbarity and cruelty upon the -unfortunate Portuguese peasantry; and, when occasion offered, the -latter retaliated, so that the line of march presented a mingled -spectacle of horror, carnage, and devastation.[55] - -On the 15th of March the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS had arrived at -Condeixa, from whence Captain E. R. Story, (now Lieut.-Colonel,) -of the regiment, was ordered to reconnoitre with his troop, and -ascertain if the enemy were in possession of Coimbra, and while -performing this service he fell in with a party of French dragoons, -and took six men and horses prisoners. Captain Story ascertained -that the Portuguese were in possession of Coimbra and of the bridge, -and that the enemy had retired up the left bank of the Mondego: the -troop then returned to head-quarters. On the following day the THIRD -DRAGOON GUARDS were despatched across the Tagus towards Badajoz, -which place had recently been taken by a division of the French -army, commanded by Marshal Soult. Continuing their route, they had -an encounter with the enemy near Badajoz on the 25th of March. The -French sustained considerable loss, but the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS had -only two men killed and one wounded. On the 1st of April they were -at Villa Vicosa, and on the 7th they crossed the river Guadiana at -Juramenha. - -On the 16th of April the camp broke up from Santa Martha, on -which day the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, after marching five leagues, -came up with a corps of French cavalry near _Los Santos_, and, -notwithstanding the disparity of numbers, immediately charged, -defeated, and pursued them above two leagues, taking nearly 200 -prisoners: in this gallant affair the regiment sustained but trifling -loss. - -On the 20th of the same month the regiment was again in motion, and -took post at Villa Franca. In the mean time Badajoz had been invested -by the allies, and Marshal Soult was advancing with a powerful -army, to the relief of the place. Marshal Beresford, who commanded -this portion of the allied army, resolved to take up a position at -_Albuhera_; when the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS proceeded by Almendralejo -to Santa Martha, and were at their post in the army when the French -attacked the allied forces on the morning of the 16th of May. In the -early part of the action the enemy gained considerable advantage: a -powerful effort was, however, made by the allies, and 'then was seen -with what a strength and majesty the British soldier fights.'[56] The -French, repulsed and driven back, relinquished the contest, leaving -thousands of their hostile legions stretched along the plain. The -allied army also sustained great loss, particularly the English -infantry. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel -Sir Granby Calcraft, contributed materially to the success of the -day: they lost one lieutenant, thirteen men, and twenty-one horses; -and His Majesty King William IV. was graciously pleased, on the 5th -of May, 1837, to grant permission to the regiment to bear on its -standards and appointments the word 'ALBUHERA,' in commemoration of -the gallantry displayed in that battle. - -On the 18th of May the enemy retired, followed by part of the army, -and by the cavalry, under Major-General Lumley. On the 25th the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and Fourth Dragoons were formed up in front of -_Usagre_, when three of the enemy's 'chosen regiments (the Fourth, -Twentieth, and Twenty-sixth) dashed through the town and formed -rapidly on the flank of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and in front of the -Fourth Dragoons, themselves presenting two fronts. A charge of the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was at this moment ordered on the right, and -a simultaneous movement of the Fourth Dragoons on the left.'[57] -Major Weston, who commanded the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS on that day -(Lieutenant-Colonel Sir Granby Calcraft having been left sick in the -rear) led the regiment forward with admirable gallantry. The charge -was irresistible. The French, notwithstanding their superiority of -numbers, were overthrown, pursued, many of them sabred, and one -lieutenant-colonel, two majors, and several other officers, with -ninety-six non-commissioned officers and men were made prisoners; a -great number of horses were also captured, the French dragoons having -dismounted to effect their escape across a ravine. In this brilliant -affair the regiment only lost four men; and, on the 27th of May, it -returned to Villa Franca, having been nearly without forage the two -preceding days. - -Badajoz was again invested by the allies; and the enemy collected -another immense body of troops, and advanced to relieve the place; -when the siege was raised and the troops were withdrawn across the -Guadiana. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS marched from Villa Franca on the -13th of June, crossed the Guadiana on the 17th, and encamped on the -small river Caya, near Campo Mayor. In July the establishment of that -part of the regiment which was on foreign service was reduced to six -troops, making a total of 495 rank and file; and the supernumerary -officers and men of the two transferred troops were sent to England. - -On the 21st of July the regiment proceeded to Evora, from whence it -marched, on the 1st of August, crossed the Tagus at Villa Velha, and -proceeded by Castello Branco to Fondao, and subsequently to Alverça. -On the 4th of September it occupied Ansale and adjacents; on the -25th it advanced to Guinaldo, to support the piquets; and in the -night the whole retired to Quadrasages. On the 2nd of October it went -into quarters at Avelans de Bon; and on the 3rd of December occupied -Momento and Cea. - -[Sidenote: 1812] - -Lord Wellington having resolved to besiege _Ciudad Rodrigo_, the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were ordered to advance and cover the investing -army. They accordingly marched from Cea and Momento, on the 1st of -January, 1812, arrived at Santo Spirito on the 15th, and established -posts on the river Yeltes. _Ciudad Rodrigo_ was taken by storm on -the 19th; and for this distinguished service the Spanish Government -elevated the British commander to the rank of grandee of the first -class, with the title of Duke of Ciudad Rodrigo. - -The siege of _Badajoz_ was next undertaken. On the 27th of January -the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS marched for Freiz and Leomil, near the -Douro, and arrived there on the 7th of February. On the 18th they -were again in motion, and proceeding by Mysando de Corvo, and Thomar, -crossed the Tagus at Abrantes, and the Guadiana, near Olivenza, -and arrived at Rebeira on the 19th of March. Seven days afterwards -they were again on the march, forming part of a force under -Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas Graham, destined to surprise a body of -French troops at _Llecena_: when the enemy, after some resistance, -retired to Azuaga, from whence they were driven on the 29th of March. - -The regiment formed part of the army of observation under -Lieutenant-General Sir Thomas Graham, and accompanied the movements -of this force until after the capture of _Badajoz_, when Lord -Wellington marched with the main body of the army towards Castile. -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were stationed at Villa Franca and Rebeira, -being formed in brigade with the First Royal Dragoons, under the -orders of Major-General Slade, and were attached to a separate -corps of the army, commanded by Lieutenant-General Sir Rowland Hill: -subsequently the regiment advanced to Llera. - -On the 11th of June the enemy's General, L'Allemand, advanced upon -_Llera_, with the 17th and 29th regiments of French dragoons. -Major-General Slade moved forward with the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and -Royal Dragoons, when the two regiments made a brilliant charge, and -defeated and pursued the enemy nearly three leagues. On arriving -within a short distance of _Maguilla_ the two British regiments -had an opportunity of making a second charge, which they executed -in gallant style, and having broken the enemy's first line, slew a -number of men, and took many others, with one of General L'Allemand's -aides-de-camp, prisoners. At length the enemy brought forward a -strong support; and the two regiments being eager in the pursuit, -each vying with the other which should most distinguish itself, were -attacked by the enemy, forced to relinquish a number of prisoners, -and to retire upon Llera. Major-General Slade concluded his despatch -with observing, 'Nothing could exceed the gallantry displayed by -the officers and men on this occasion. Colonel Sir Granby Calcraft -and Lieutenant-Colonel Clifton, commanding the two regiments, -particularly distinguished themselves, as well as all the officers -present. I beg particularly to report the conduct of Brigade-Major -Radcliffe, to whom I feel particularly indebted for his assistance on -this occasion.' The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS had thirteen men killed; and -Lieutenant Homewood, sixty-seven men, and eighty-five horses were -taken by the enemy. - -On the following day a detachment from the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS and -Royal Dragoons, consisting of about twenty men of each regiment, -commanded by Lieutenant Strenuitz (aide-de-camp to Sir William -Erskine) formed an ambush to intercept a strong foraging party of -the enemy's cavalry. The party of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was -destined to commence the attack, and was placed, for that purpose, -under the command of troop-serjeant-major M'Clelland (who had -formerly distinguished himself); and the Royals formed the reserve. -The detachment came in contact with the French at a village near -_Belango_; the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS charged with all the spirit -and fire of Britons. The fury of the onset threw the enemy into -confusion; they at once gave way and fled in all directions, leaving -several officers and men, and a great number of horses, in the hands -of the victors. The success of this gallant affair enabled the -regiment to retrieve, by exchange with the enemy, the greatest part -of the loss sustained on the preceding day. - -The French having considerable reinforcements at hand, Sir Rowland -Hill retired by Santa Martha to Albuhera, where the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS were joined by a remount from England, consisting of two -serjeants, forty-two private men, and sixty horses. - -On the 1st of July the regiment had another opportunity of -signalizing itself in conflict. A strong body of French cavalry -having succeeded in driving in the Spanish out-posts, was -threatening the safety of the British camp at Albuhera, which was -covered by the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, when a picquet of about twenty -men of the regiment, under the command of Captain E. R. Story, -who perceived the extreme danger of the camp and the necessity -of a check, stood the charge of the French squadrons; and having -ultimately received a reinforcement of a squadron of the regiment, -under Captain Watts, repulsed the attack, charged in turn, and -finally compelled the enemy to retreat, recovering, at the same -time, the prisoners which the French had taken in the first onset. -On this occasion Lieutenant Ellis, one serjeant, one trumpeter, and -two private men of the picquet, were killed; and Captain Watts, whose -squadron reinforced the picquet, was wounded. This important and -valuable service, performed at so critical a moment, occasioned an -order for every man of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS to be supplied with -an extra ration of rum; and the following brigade order was published -on the same day. - - 'Major-General Slade is most happy in the opportunity which the Third - Dragoon Guards have afforded him of thanking them for the gallantry - and steadiness with which they repulsed an attack made by the enemy's - cavalry this afternoon; particularly the picquet under the command - of Captain E. R. Story, and the supporting squadron, commanded by - Captain Watts. He requests those officers, with the officers and - men under their command, will be pleased to accept his grateful - acknowledgments. - - 'The Major-General particularly regrets the loss of Lieutenant Ellis, - who nobly fell at the head of his men: he has also to lament Captain - Watts being wounded, but he hopes not dangerously so, and that the - regiment will not be deprived of his services long.' - -The camp at Albuhera broke up on the following day, and the troops -advanced upon the enemy, who retired upon Cordova. The THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS proceeded by Los Santos to Llerena; and occupied Fuente del -Mastre on the 24th of July, on which day they were suddenly called -upon to make a flank movement with the view of gaining the rear of -two regiments of French dragoons and one of chasseurs, who had driven -in the Portuguese picquet, and were advancing upon _Villa Franca_. -The regiment passed through Los Santos, and, advancing at a quick -pace, soon reached Hinojosa; but the French had made a precipitate -retreat, and had quitted the town a short period before the Dragoon -Guards arrived. - -After the main army had gained a signal victory at _Salamanca_ (for -which Lord Wellington was advanced to the dignity of Marquis), -the French hastily retired before the troops commanded by -Lieutenant-General Hill, who took up a position on the Tagus. The -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS marched by Usagre, Balangur, and Villa, crossed -the Tagus at Almaraz on the 19th of September, and occupied Belois: -from whence they moved on the 26th, re-crossed the Tagus at Talavera -de la Reyna, and arrived at Tombleque, in La Mancha, on the 8th of -October; and, on the 21st, occupied some villages on the right bank -of the Tagus. - -The French army opposed to the Marquis of Wellington having been -considerably reinforced, his lordship retired from Burgos, and Sir -Rowland Hill collected the troops under his command on the Jacamah, -from whence he retired upon Anvalo. Having crossed the Manzanarus by -the bridge Ponto Largo, near Arranheuse, the army took up a position, -on the 27th of October, on the right bank of the river; and the light -brigade of infantry was employed during the afternoon in defending -the bridge, which had been mined for destruction, but the attempt -did not succeed. During the night the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS relieved -the infantry at the bridge, two-thirds of the regiment having been -dismounted for that purpose. - -The troops retreating by Madrid, through the Guadarama pass, formed -a junction with the army commanded by the Marquis of Wellington at -Salamanca, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, on this occasion, forming part -of the rear-guard. During the retreat the regiment was joined by a -remount from England, consisting of four lieutenants, two serjeants, -two corporals, twenty private men, and forty-six horses. - -On the 15th of November the army retired on Ciudad Rodrigo, when the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were again employed in covering the retreat, and -suffered much from the inclemency of the weather, but more especially -from the scarcity of forage and provisions. On the 20th they went -into quarters at Herquera, and on the 27th proceeded to Membrio, -where a remount, consisting of one lieutenant, one cornet, two -serjeants, fifty-seven private men, and fifty-horses, joined on the -29th of November. - -In a warrant, dated the 12th of August, 1812, the facing of the -regiment was changed from _white_ to _blue_; cocked hats were -replaced by brass helmets; jacked boots and breeches by cloth -overalls and short boots; and the skirts of the coats were shortened. - -[Sidenote: 1813] - -On the 25th of January, 1813, the six troops on foreign service -marched to St. Vincent, where the forage being good and plentiful, -the horses soon recovered their condition. On the 5th of March they -re-crossed the Tagus at Alcantara, and on the 11th went into quarters -at Gigo de Coria, where a draught of ninety-four horses joined from -the Fourth Dragoon Guards. - -Arrangements having been made for the advance of the army against the -enemy, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS left Gigo de Coria on the 16th of -May, and accompanying the second division, under Sir Rowland Hill, -advanced through the mountains by the pass of Banos, and crossed the -river Tormes below _Salamanca_. On the 26th of May they came up with -the rear-guard of the enemy, covering the retreat from _Salamanca_, -and being supported by the Royal Dragoons, and a troop of horse -artillery, succeeded in taking upwards of 500 prisoners. - -The enemy continuing to retreat, the allied army directed its march -on Valladolid. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS crossed the Douro at Toro on -the 3rd of June, and continued to press upon the rear of the French -army in its retreat. - -On the 21st of June the regiment, commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel -Holmes, marched early in the morning towards _Vittoria_, where the -French army, commanded by Joseph Bonaparte and Marshal Jourdan, was -concentrated and formed in position. A general engagement immediately -commenced. During the early part of the day the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS -manœuvred in conjunction with, and supported the attacks of, the -infantry; but towards the evening they moved forward and made a -brilliant and decisive charge on a corps of French cavalry and a -column of infantry, which were covering the retreat of several pieces -of cannon and a number of waggons laden with ammunition and treasure: -the enemy was defeated, driven from his ground, and the guns and -waggons were captured by the regiment. This was followed by the -entire overthrow and defeat of the French army, with the loss of its -cannon, ammunition, and baggage. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS had four -men and six horses killed; Lieutenant Stewart was wounded in the body -by a musket ball, but subsequently recovered; two men of the regiment -were also wounded. Lieutenant-Colonel Holmes received a gold medal -for his distinguished conduct in this action; and His Royal Highness -the Prince Regent commanded the word 'VITTORIA' to be placed on the -standards of the regiment. - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were next engaged in the blockade of -Pampeluna; and they were formed up in reserve at the foot of the -mountains during the severe contest in the _Pyrenees_, on the 29th -and 30th of July, but the scene of action was too mountainous for -cavalry to engage. - -The regiment remained in front of Pampeluna until the 17th of -September, when it moved to Milagro, on the Ebro, where a remount, -consisting of three officers, two serjeants, twenty-four private -men, and fifty-five horses, joined from England, under the command of -Major Watts. On the 20th of November the regiment occupied Valtierra -and Arquedas, on the Ebro, where it remained in reserve during the -winter. - -[Sidenote: 1814] - -The movements of the allies were now attended with success in every -quarter, and part of the army had already entered France. Early in -the spring of 1814 the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS advanced, by Pampeluna -and Toloso, through the Pyrenean mountains, to St. Jean de Luz, in -France, where they arrived on the 11th of March, and were there -joined by a further remount of three officers, two serjeants, eleven -private men, and fifty-four horses. - -The regiment was now actively engaged in operations against the -enemy, and on the 22nd of March had an affair with a body of French -troops at _St. Guadens_, in which it captured many prisoners. -Advancing up the country it was almost constantly confronting the -enemy. The battle of _Toulouse_ was fought on the 10th of April; but -the brigade, of which this regiment formed a part, being attached -to Sir Rowland Hill's division, was not engaged. The enemy having -retired from Toulouse, the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS marched through -that city, and on the 13th of April, being the regiment in advance, -received the last shot of the enemy. The armies of the Continental -Powers having penetrated France by the opposite frontier, had -advanced to the capital, Napoleon Bonaparte was compelled to abdicate -the throne of France, and the brilliant achievements of the British -troops were crowned with the restoration of peace. - -The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS were quartered at Viellevigne; on the 25th -of April they were at Nalloux and the neighbouring villages; and -on the 25th of May occupied Venargne and adjacents. On the 2nd of -June they commenced their march from the southern to the northern -extremity of France, passing through many of the principal cities -and towns, and finally arrived at Calais, where they embarked for -England on the 20th of July, and landed at Dover and Ramsgate on the -following day, after an absence of five years and three months. The -loss which the regiment sustained from fatigue, privation, disease, -and the various incidents of war, may be estimated by reference to -the number of men and horses sent out from time to time to replace -those which had fallen, or were become unfit for service. - -On the 22nd of July the regiment assembled at Canterbury, and marched -from thence to Huntingdon; where two troops were reduced, and the -numbers of the remaining eight troops considerably decreased. On the -12th of August it marched for York, where it arrived on the 23rd, and -occupied Leeds and Sheffield as out-stations. - -[Sidenote: 1815] - -His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, appreciating the gallant and -important services of the regiment, which, in connexion with the -other corps of the army, and of the forces of the Allied Sovereigns, -had been so conducive to the restoration of peace, was graciously -pleased to direct that the word 'PENINSULA' should be borne as an -honorary distinction on the standards of the THIRD, or PRINCE OF -WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS, in commemoration of its services -in Portugal, Spain, and France, under the command of Field-Marshal -his Grace the Duke of Wellington. The Prince Regent's pleasure on -this subject was communicated to the regiment by the Adjutant-General -in a letter dated the 6th of April, 1815. - -The return of Bonaparte to France, and the sudden breaking out of the -war in 1815, occasioned an augmentation of two troops to be made to -the establishment; and immediately after the battle of _Waterloo_ the -regiment received orders to proceed on foreign service. - -From York it marched to Northampton, where it arrived on the 5th of -July, and having established a dépôt of four troops at that place, -under the command of Major Watts, the remaining six troops proceeded -to Ramsgate and Dover, where they embarked on the 21st of July, under -the command of Lieutenant-Colonel Holmes. - -Having landed at Ostend on the 23rd and 24th (with the loss of one -horse only on the passage), the regiment marched from thence to -Drouges, near Ghent, where it arrived on the 25th. Advancing up the -country it entered France, and proceeding to the vicinity of Paris, -took part in several grand military spectacles and reviews, at which -the sovereigns of Russia, Prussia, Austria, and France were present. - -On the 29th of October the regiment marched to Fontenoy, occupying -also Guitrancourt and St. Cyr; and while stationed there it -transferred 108 horses to the 1st and 2nd Dragoon Guards, 3rd -Dragoons, and 13th Light Dragoons; also exchanged 54 others. -Leaving Fontenoy on the 17th of December, the regiment marched for -Abbeville, where it arrived on the 28th of that month. - -[Sidenote: 1816] - -After the definitive treaties between France and the allied powers -were settled, the British troops withdrew from France, excepting a -small army of occupation. The THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS left Abbeville -on the 15th of January, 1816, arrived at Calais on the 24th, where -they immediately embarked, and landed at Dover and Ramsgate on the -following day, from whence they proceeded to Romford, and a reduction -of two troops was again made in the establishment. On the 12th -of February the service troops marched for Leicester, where they -arrived on the 19th, and joined the regimental dépôt. On the 23rd the -regiment marched for Manchester, where the head-quarters arrived on -the 29th, and detachments occupied Sheffield, Huddersfield, Leeds, -and Liverpool. In May a draft of 184 horses was received from the -Royal Artillery. - -Towards the end of June the regiment embarked at Liverpool for -Ireland, and having landed at Dublin, marched to Ballinarobe, Gort, -Sligo, Castlebar, Roscommon, and Dunmore; and in August a further -reduction was made in the establishment. - -[Sidenote: 1817] - -In March, 1817, Lieutenant-Colonel Holmes received the ribbon and -badge of a Companion of the most Honourable Military Order of the -Bath, which was transmitted to him, in compliance with the commands -of his Royal Highness the Prince Regent, by the Duke of York, in a -letter bearing date the 11th of March, 1817. - -[Sidenote: 1818] - -[Sidenote: 1819] - -In June, 1818, the regiment marched to Dublin, Philipstown, and -Tullamore. In the early part of the following year the several -troops assembled at Dublin, and a further reduction was made in the -establishment. During the summer the regiment marched to Cahir, -Carrick-on-Suir, Clogheen, Fethard, and Newross. - -[Sidenote: 1820] - -On the 25th December the facing was altered from _blue_ to _yellow_, -and the lace from _yellow_ to _white_: but the officers were -subsequently allowed to retain the gold lace as previously worn. - -The regiment embarked at Donaghadee in August, 1820, landed at -Portpatrick, and proceeded from thence to Hamilton, Glasgow, and -Paisley. - -[Sidenote: 1821] - -During the summer of 1821, it marched to Newcastle-upon-Tyne, -Carlisle, and Penrith; but returned to Hamilton, Glasgow, and Paisley -in August; when the establishment was reduced to six troops--total, -27 officers, 335 non-commissioned officers and privates, and 253 -troop horses. - -In November the regiment proceeded to Piershill barracks, Ayr, -Greenock, and Perth. - -[Sidenote: 1822] - -The whole assembled at Edinburgh in June, 1822, for the purpose of -attending his Majesty King George IV., on his visit to Scotland; on -the 18th of August had the honor of being present when his Majesty -landed at Leith; and the King was graciously pleased to promote -Captain Story (who was the senior captain in garrison) to the rank -of Brevet-Major. His Majesty afterwards reviewed the regiment on -the sands near Musselburgh, and expressed his approbation of its -appearance and discipline. - -In September of the same year the regiment returned to England, -and was stationed at Newcastle-upon-Tyne and Carlisle; where it -was frequently called upon to suppress tumults and disorders, and -to protect the coal and shipping interests during the disturbances -amongst the keelmen of the river; which service it performed to -the entire satisfaction of Major-General Sir John Byng, who was in -command of the district; and also of the civil authorities of the -place.[58] - -[Sidenote: 1823] - -[Sidenote: 1824] - -During the summer of 1823 the regiment marched to York and Leeds, -and subsequently to Manchester, Nottingham, and Sheffield. In the -spring of the following year three troops and head-quarters were -removed to Liverpool, where they remained about a week, after which -the head-quarters returned to Manchester. In April the silk-weavers -at Macclesfield manifested a disposition to riot, but by the timely -appearance of a detachment of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS tranquillity -was restored. - -In this year the regiment was supplied with helmets and bear-skin -crests. In June it proceeded to Ireland, and having landed at Dublin, -marched to Cahir, Limerick, and Clogheen. - -[Sidenote: 1825] - -The Colonelcy of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS having become vacant by the -decease of General Vyse, His Majesty conferred the appointment on -General Sir William Payne, Baronet, who afterwards took the name of -Galway, his commission bearing date the 2nd June, 1825. - -[Sidenote: 1826] - -Towards the end of the same month the regiment marched to Dublin, -where it remained until the following spring, when it returned to -Cahir, Limerick, and Clogheen. Several changes of quarters were made -during the summer, and eventually the troops were stationed at Cork -and Fermoy, with detachments in aid of the civil authorities and -officers of the revenue. - -[Sidenote: 1827] - -[Sidenote: 1828] - -In the autumn of 1827 the regiment marched to Newbridge. In the -early part of the following year four troops proceeded to Dublin, -and subsequently to Dundalk and Belturbet. In April it embarked at -Donaghadee, landed at Portpatrick, and marched to Piershill barracks -and Glasgow, and subsequently occupied Perth, with detachments in aid -of the officers of the revenue at Forfar and Cupar Angus. - -[Sidenote: 1829] - -[Sidenote: 1830] - -During the summer of 1829 the regiment marched to Birmingham and -Coventry. In October one troop was employed in assisting the -civil power at Atherstone; and in the beginning of April, 1830, -another troop was similarly employed at Pamswick. In the middle -of April the regiment marched to Exeter, Trowbridge, Dursley, and -Wotton-under-Edge. Towards the end of the year several changes of -quarters took place, and detachments were furnished in aid of the -civil authorities during the election of Members of Parliament. -Eventually the regiment was stationed at Dorchester and Blandford; -and an addition of three horses was made to the establishment of each -troop. - -[Sidenote: 1831] - -On the 22nd of April, 1831, his Majesty conferred the Colonelcy -of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS (vacant by the decease of General Sir -William Payne) on Lieut.-General Sir Samuel Hawker, G.C.H. - -In June one troop was actively employed in suppressing the violent -proceedings of the pit and ironfoundry men at Merthyr-Tidvil and its -vicinity. During the remainder of this year the regiment was almost -constantly in motion to support the civil power, and to prevent the -occurrence of serious breaches of the peace. The labouring classes, -being strongly excited by designing men, frequently violated the -laws, and burnt great quantities of agricultural property. - -The subject of a reform in parliament had created considerable -discussion and interest throughout the country, and the resistance -of certain members to the extensive changes proposed in the -representation and elective franchise had excited the indignation -of the populace in various places, particularly at _Bristol_, of -which city one of the members, Sir Charles Wetherall, was recorder. -He arrived at Bristol on Saturday the 29th of October, to open the -King's commission, when he was assailed by an outrageous rabble, -with insult, menace, and showers of stones. The tumult increasing, -the Riot Act was read, when the mob became more violent than -before,--broke open the Mansion-house, demolished the windows, -doors, and furniture, and prepared to set the building on fire. At -this moment a troop of the 14th Light Dragoons arrived, and the -Mansion-house was saved, and the rioters dispersed. On Sunday the mob -again assembled, and plundered the Mansion-house, where they found -a quantity of wine and spirits, and they soon became intoxicated. -In this state the rioters became more furious than before. They -broke open the Bridewell, liberated the prisoners, and set fire to -the building. The new gaol and the Gloucester county prison were -treated in like manner. The Bishop's palace, the Mansion-house, -the Excise-office, the Custom-house, and many private dwellings, -were plundered and set on fire, and several of the drunken rioters -perished in the flames. In the midst of this scene of tumult and -conflagration a detachment of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS was seen -endeavouring to arrest the progress of the mobs. Unfortunately the -magistrates did not give the necessary instructions; and as the -soldiers were proceeding in one direction, destruction was going on -in another, and property to an immense amount was destroyed, before -the exertions of the civil and military powers restored order. About -one hundred of the rioters were killed or wounded before the tumult -was suppressed; and one hundred and eighty were committed to prison, -of whom fifty were capitally charged with rioting and burning. - -[Sidenote: 1832] - -In 1832 the regiment was stationed at Brighton, Chichester, and -Worthing; and in August four troops proceeded to London, occupied -Regent's Park barracks, and performed the duties of the metropolis -during the absence of the Life Guards for the purpose of being -reviewed by His Majesty. After performing this duty, the four troops -returned to Brighton and Chichester. - -In the early part of November, King William IV. and Queen Adelaide -arrived at Brighton, and on the 30th of that month the officers of -the regiment had the honour of dining with their Majesties at the -Royal Pavilion: the band was in attendance during the evening, and -also on several other occasions. - -[Sidenote: 1833] - -The regiment received orders to march to Dorchester in January, -1833; and, before it quitted Brighton, Lieut.-Colonel Story was -honoured with the King's most gracious commands--'To make known to -the officers, non-commissioned officers, and privates, His Majesty's -entire approbation of their conduct while at Brighton.' - -[Sidenote: 1834] - -From Dorchester the regiment proceeded, in March of the same year, to -Birmingham, where it remained the succeeding twelve months. In April, -1834, it marched to Liverpool, and, having embarked at that port for -Ireland, landed in Dublin on the 1st of May. - -[Sidenote: 1835] - -[Sidenote: 1836] - -After passing one year at Dublin, the regiment marched, in May, 1835, -to Longford; remained at this station during the following twelve -months, and proceeded, in May, 1836, to Ballincollig. - -[Sidenote: 1837] - -[Sidenote: 1838] - -Having spent a period of three years in Ireland, the regiment marched -to Cork; embarked from thence on the 14th of June, 1837, for England; -landed at Bristol on the following day, and proceeded to Ipswich; -where it has remained until the spring of 1838, which brings the -record of this distinguished corps to a conclusion. - -Few cavalry regiments have been favoured with a greater number of -opportunities of acquiring honour by deeds of valour in action with -the enemies of the British nation than the THIRD, OR PRINCE OF -WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS: it has served under MARLBOROUGH -and WELLINGTON--names immortalized in the history of Europe. -As a regiment of HORSE, it fought at Blenheim, Ramilies, and -Malplaquet--battles which shed lustre on the British arms. As a corps -of DRAGOON GUARDS, it gained immortal fame at Corbach and Warbourg, -and signalized itself in other actions in Germany. In Flanders, -under his Royal Highness the Duke of York, it earned new laurels; -and, in the Peninsular War, it added to its previous reputation by -its gallant bearing on all occasions, particularly at the battle of -Albuhera. On this subject, Viscount Beresford observed, in a letter -to the Adjutant-General, 'The conduct of this regiment, during the -period it was under my command, deserved, on all occasions, and -especially at the battle of Albuhera, my highest encomiums.' On -home service, it has acquired the confidence and approbation of its -sovereign, and the commendations of the general officers under whose -command it has been placed. - -[Illustration: Third Dragoon Guards, 1838. [To face page 112.] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[7] See a brief memoir of this nobleman in the succession of Colonels -at page 113. - -[8] 'JAMES, R. - -'THESE ARE TO AUTHORIZE YOU to raise volunteers with able horses for -one troop of Horse, which you are commissioned to raise and command -for Our Service, consisting of threescore soldiers, three corporals, -and two trumpeters, besides Commissioned Officers. And as you shall -raise the said Volunteers and Non-commissioned Officers of Our said -troop, you are to give notice thereof to our Commissary General when -and where you shall have twenty soldiers ready, with their horses, -together, besides officers; that he, or his deputy, may muster them -accordingly, and from such muster those soldiers, with all the -officers of the said troop, are to commence and be in our pay; and -from thenceforth as you shall, from time to time, entertain any more -soldiers with their horses fit for Our Service, and shall produce -them to muster, they shall be respectively mustered thereupon, until -you shall have threescore soldiers, besides officers; and when -that number shall be fully, or nearly, completed, they are to be -sent under the command of a Commissioned Officer to Worcester and -Droytwich, (appointed for the quarters of Our said troop,) where they -are also to be mustered, and soe remain until further orders. You are -likewise to send a trusty person to Our Tower of London to receive -arms for Our said troop. - -'WHEREIN, all Magistrates, Justices of the Peace, and Constables, -whom it may concern, are required to be assisting; and the Officers -are to be careful that the soldiers behave themselves civilly, and -duly pay their landlords. - -'GIVEN at Our Court at Whitehall, this 23rd day of June, 1685, in the -first year of Our Reign. - - 'BY HIS MAJESTY'S COMMAND, - 'WILLIAM BLATHWAYTE.' - - 'To _Our right trusty and right - well-beloved Cousin and Councillor, - Thomas Earl of Plymouth, - &c._' - -A similar warrant was issued for raising each of the other five -troops.--_War-Office Records._ - -[9] The cuirass was not peculiar to this regiment, there being, in -the autumn of 1685, ten regiments of Cuirassiers in the English army, -besides the Life Guards, who were also Cuirassiers. - -[10] War-Office Records. - -[11] The Marquis de Miremont was a French nobleman, and cousin to -Louis Earl of Feversham. - -[12] The three regiments were Colonel John Butler's Dragoons, Colonel -Anthony Hamilton's Foot Guards, and Colonel Roger McElligot's -Regiment of Foot--1500 men.--_War-Office Records._ - -[13] Memoirs of General Mackay. - -[14] Mackay's Memoirs, p. 56. - -[15] London Gazette. - -[16] War-Office Records. - -[17] D'Auvergne's History of the Campaigns in Flanders, &c. - -[18] No record appears to have been preserved of the number killed -and wounded of the FOURTH HORSE; but according to the London Gazette, -No. 2895, the English cavalry lost 59 officers and 472 men. - -[19] D'Auvergne's History of the Campaigns in Flanders; Boyer's Life -of King William III.; the London Gazette, &c. - -[20] The present Second and Sixth Dragoon Guards:--Galway's Horse was -disbanded after the Peace of Ryswick in 1697. - -[21] D'Auvergne. - -[22] 'The Queen's Horse, now 1st Dragoon Guards; Carabiniers, now -6th Dragoon Guards; a squadron of Schomberg's Horse, now 7th Dragoon -Guards; with Stewart's and Stanley's Foot.'--_London Gazette_ and -_Millner's Journal._ - -[23] 'On the 31st of October the garrison marched out of the place, -being upwards of 1500 men, besides nearly 300 that deserted before -the capitulation. The troops of Liege came out first, and immediately -quitted the French service, marching off in a body. Of the Swiss -there deserted likewise above 400 as soon as they came out; so -that this garrison will be very much lessened before they get to -Antwerp, whither they are marching, being conducted by a squadron of -Brigadier-General Wood's regiment.'--_London Gazette, No. 3857._ - -[24] 'We generally began our march about three in the morning, -proceeded about four leagues, or four and a half, each day, and -reached our ground about nine. As we marched through the countries -of our Allies, commissaries were appointed, to furnish us with all -manner of necessaries for man and horse; these were brought to the -ground before we arrived, and the soldiers had nothing to do but to -pitch their tents, boil their kettles, and lie down to rest. Surely -never was such a march carried on with more regularity, and with less -fatigue both to man and horse.'--_Parker's Memoirs._ - -[25] 'All the troops in general behaved with the greatest bravery, -but none distinguished themselves more than Her Majesty of Great -Britain's subjects, who in this engagement had the post of honour, -which they sustained with the universal applause and approbation of -all the Generals of the several nations who were eye-witnesses of -their courage and resolution.'--_London Gazette, No. 4033._ - -[26] Annals of Queen Anne; Millner's Journal; Military History of -Marlborough and Prince Eugene, &c. &c. - -[27] Parker's Memoirs. - -[28] 'Here was a fine plain, without hedge or ditch, for the Cavalry -on both sides to show their bravery; for there were but few Foot to -interpose, these being mostly engaged at the villages. - -'And now our squadrons charged in their turn, and thus for some hours -they charged each other with various success, all sword in hand. At -length the French courage began to abate, and our squadrons gained -upon them.'--_Parker's Memoirs._ - -[29] 'The bravery of all our troops on this occasion cannot be -expressed; the Generals, as well as the officers and soldiers, -behaving themselves with the greatest courage and resolution, the -Horse and Dragoons having been obliged to charge four or five several -times.'--_The Duke of Marlborough's Despatch._ - -[30] 'Not only Fame, but likewise the Generals of my forces--the -companions of your labours and victories--attributed the same chiefly -to your counsels, and the valour and bravery of the _English_, -and other forces who fought under your conduct.'--_The Emperor of -Germany's Letter to the Duke of Marlborough._ - -[31] 'The troops acquitted themselves with a bravery surpassing all -that could have been hoped of them.'--_Marlborough's Despatch._ - -[32] War-Office Records. - -[33] 'The headmost regiments of English Horse that pursued the -enemy's centre were those of Major-General Wood, commanded by -himself, and Wyndham's Carabiniers, headed by Major Pertry. When they -came upon a rising ground they espied seven squadrons of the Spanish -and Bavarian Guards, with whom the Elector of Bavaria and Marshal -Villeroy hoped to make good their retreat and save their cannon, -which was marching in a line before them. General Wood gallopped -with his own regiment upon the enemy's left, and charged them so -vigorously that he broke them all to pieces, killing many of them and -taking not a few prisoners, amongst whom were two Lieut.-Colonels, -one Major, four Captains, with several subalterns and men. _He took -also the Standard of the Elector's Guard_, two of the Elector's own -Trumpeters, and killed his Kettle-Drummer, the Elector himself and -Marshal Villeroy narrowly escaping.'--_Annals of Queen Anne._ - -[34] 'One of the Lieut.-Colonels, who was much wounded, remembering -me last war, cried out to me to save his life, which I did. The other -Lieut.-Colonel came to me and yielded himself prisoner also. Both -these assured me the day after the battle, that the Elector himself -and Marshal Villeroy were in the crowd, and not ten yards from me -when they two called out to me for quarter, and that they narrowly -escaped us; which, had I been so fortunate as to have known, I had -strained Coriolanus (on whom I rid all the day of the battle) to have -made them prisoners.'--_Extract of a Letter from Lieut.-General Wood._ - -[35] War-Office Records. - -[36] London Gazette. - -[37] Now the First, Third, Fifth, Sixth, and Seventh Dragoon Guards. - -[38] Major-General Webb received the thanks of Parliament for his -excellent defence of the convoy. - -[39] War Office Records. - -[40] War Office Records. - -[41] The Tenth Horse was raised in February, 1693, and disbanded -after the peace of Utrecht. - -[42] War-Office Records, London Gazette, &c. &c. - -[43] Annals of George I., vol. iii., p. 179. - -[44] The following corps were encamped on Lexdon Heath: -Horse--Pembroke's, Montague's, and Wade's (First, Second, and Third -Dragoon Guards); Dragoons--Hawley's, Campbell's, Honeywood's, and -Cadogan's (First, Second, Third and Sixth); with seven regiments -of Foot, viz., Third, Eleventh, Twelfth, Thirteenth, Twenty-first, -Twenty-third, and Thirty-first. - -[45] War-Office Establishment Book. - -[46] List of cavalry corps of the right wing under Lord George -Sackville, at the battle of Minden. - - _1st Brigade._--Blues, 1st Dragoon Guards, and Inniskilling - Dragoons. - - _2nd Brigade._--3rd Dragoon Guards, Scots Greys, and 10th - Dragoons. - - Hanoverian Regiments of Bremen and Veltheim.--_History of the - Campaign in Germany._ - -[47] 'Bland's squadrons and Howard's Regiment of Dragoons (First and -Third Dragoon Guards) _charged_ the enemy _so furiously_ as to enable -our infantry to make a safe retreat.'--_London Gazette._ - -'The Hereditary Prince, as a last resource, put himself at the head -of a squadron of Bland's and Howard's Regiment of Dragoons. By these -the uncommon heroism of their young leader was perfectly seconded. -_They charged the enemy with the utmost fury, stopped the career of -their victorious horse, and enabled the allied battalions to make an -undisturbed retreat._'--_Annual Register, 1760._ - -'Bland's squadrons and Howard's Regiment of Dragoons MADE A MOST -FURIOUS CHARGE ON THE ENEMY.'--_Operations of the Allied Army. -London, 1764._ - -'One squadron of Bland's, commanded by Major Mill, and Howard's -Regiment of Dragoons gained great honour.'--_Ibid._ - -[48] London Gazette. - -[49] 'My Lord Granby, with the English cavalry, contributed -materially to the success of the day.'--_Prince Ferdinand's Despatch._ - -'I should do injustice to the general officers, and _to every officer -and private man of the cavalry_, if I did not beg your Lordship would -assure His Majesty that _nothing could exceed their gallant behaviour -on that occasion_.'--_The Marquis of Granby's Despatch._ - -'The English cavalry outdid his (Prince Ferdinand's) expectation, and -indeed all former examples. They came up five miles on a full trot -(the Germans call it a gallop) without being blown, without the least -confusion or disorder, and attacked the enemy's cavalry and infantry -several times.'--_Annual Register, 1760._ - -[50] London Gazette. - -[51] It appears from the Official Returns that no less than 1666 -women were with the British army in Germany. - -[52] Records in the Adjutant-General's Office. - -[53] Heights above Cateau, 26th April, 1794. - - 'SIR, - -'It is from the field of battle that I have the satisfaction to -acquaint you, for His Majesty's information, with the glorious -success which the army under my command has had this day. - -'At day-break this morning the enemy attacked me on all sides. After -a short but severe conflict, we succeeded in repulsing them with -considerable slaughter. - -'The enemy's General Chapuy is taken prisoner, and we are masters -of thirty-five pieces of the enemy's cannon. THE BEHAVIOUR OF THE -BRITISH CAVALRY HAS BEEN BEYOND ALL PRAISE. It is impossible for me, -as yet, to give a full account of the loss sustained by His Majesty's -troops: I have reason to believe that it is not considerable. -The only officers of whom I have any information as yet, and -who I believe are all that have fallen upon this occasion, are -Major-General Mansell, Captain Pigot, and Lieutenant Fellowes, of the -THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS.'--_Extract from the Duke of York's Despatch._ - -[54] Annual Register. - -[55] 'Every horror that could make war hideous attended this dreadful -march! Distress, conflagration, death, in all modes! from wounds, -from fatigue, from water, from the flames, from starvation. On every -side unlimited violence--unlimited vengeance.'--_Napier._ - -'_This retreat has been marked by a barbarity seldom equalled and -never surpassed._'--_Lord Wellington's Despatch._ - -[56] Colonel Napier. - -[57] Major-General Lumley's Despatch. - -[58] 'Newcastle-upon-Tyne, - 10th December, 1822. - - 'Sir, - -'I have the honor to announce to you the happy termination of the -disturbances amongst the keelmen of this river, and at the same time -to express the gratitude of the civil authorities for the promptitude -with which Colonel Holmes of the Third Dragoon Guards has afforded -them support on all occasions, and their entire approbation of the -conduct of the troops under his command. - - 'I have, &c. - 'ROBERT BELL, Mayor. - - 'To Major-General - Sir John Byng, K.C.B.' - - - - -SUCCESSION OF COLONELS - -OF THE - -THIRD, OR PRINCE OF WALES' REGIMENT OF DRAGOON GUARDS. - - -THOMAS EARL OF PLYMOUTH, - -_Appointed 15th July, 1685._ - -On the decease of THOMAS, sixth LORD WINDSOR, on the 6th of December, -1642, without issue, his titles became extinct, but his estates -descended to his nephew THOMAS WINDSOR HICKMAN, then in the fifteenth -year of his age. The rebellion breaking out immediately, this youth -displayed an ardent and chivalrous spirit, with a fixed devotion to -his sovereign and to monarchical government. He raised and maintained -a troop of horse at his own charge, with which he joined King -Charles I., and became an active and an enterprising leader amongst -the loyalists, distinguishing himself in many skirmishes and sharp -encounters with the rebels. At the battle of _Naseby_, fought on the -14th of June, 1645, he commanded a regiment of horse, and stoutly -charged through and through the enemy's ranks; when the King, taking -special notice of the gallantry of this youth, commanded that that -regiment, with its valiant leader, should be the royal guard for -that day. The King's army was, however, defeated, and his Majesty -retreated to Ashby-de-la-Zouch, in Leicestershire; where, remembering -the signal service of that regiment of horse, and the particular -merits of Colonel Windsor Hickman, he gave command for preparing -a patent for reviving the title and dignity of LORD WINDSOR, to -the said THOMAS WINDSOR HICKMAN. But, from that period, a series -of disasters befalling the unfortunate monarch, nothing further -transpired on that subject until the restoration of King Charles II., -when his Majesty, taking into consideration the many good services -performed by this THOMAS WINDSOR HICKMAN throughout the whole course -of that rebellion (amongst which the raising of the siege of his -Majesty's garrison of High-Ercall, in Shropshire, was not the least), -as also his sufferings in the Royal cause, by imprisonment, plunder, -and otherwise, did, by a declaratory patent under the great seal, -bearing date the 16th of June, 1660, restore unto him the title and -dignity of LORD WINDSOR, with the same rank and precedence which were -held by his maternal uncle, Thomas, late Lord Windsor. - -On the 18th of July following, LORD WINDSOR was appointed -lord-lieutenant of Worcestershire; and, in 1665, he was sent governor -to Jamaica. During his stay in the West Indies, LORD WINDSOR -assembled the troops under his command, defeated 3000 Spaniards, -and captured seven ships in the harbour of St. Jago de la Cuba; and -eventually took the town and castle, with the cannon of the works, -and five hundred barrels of powder. Not enjoying his health in that -climate, his Lordship received permission to return to England; -and, after his arrival, he was appointed one of his Majesty's Privy -Council in Ireland. At length his Majesty, taking into consideration -the eminent services of Lord Windsor, advanced him to the dignity of -EARL OF PLYMOUTH, by patent dated the 6th of December, 1682. - -The EARL OF PLYMOUTH enjoyed the affection and confidence of King -James II., who conferred upon him the Colonelcy of the FOURTH -REGIMENT OF HORSE (now 3rd Dragoon Guards), and also appointed him -one of the Privy Council. He died on the 3rd of November, 1687, and -was buried in the church of Tarbick. - - -SIR JOHN FENWICK, BART., - -_Appointed 6th November, 1687_. - -JOHN FENWICK, Esq., was a loyal cavalier in the reign of King Charles -II., and an officer of the Queen's Troop (now Second Regiment) of -Life Guards. He served under the Duke of Monmouth, with the French -army, in the Netherlands, during the campaigns of 1672 and 1673. In -the succeeding year he obtained permission to proceed to Holland; -and, in 1675, he was appointed Colonel of an Irish regiment in the -Dutch service (the present Fifth Foot). He served with his regiment -during the campaign of that year under the Prince of Orange; and, in -the following summer, he served at the siege of Maestricht, where he -was severely wounded while on duty with his regiment in the trenches -(2nd August, 1676). Shortly afterwards some angry words passed -between him and the Prince of Orange, when he quitted the Dutch -service, and, returning to England, resumed his duties in the Life -Guards; and, from this period, a personal aversion is said to have -existed between his Highness and Colonel Fenwick. The Colonel was, -however, well received at the British court: he succeeded, on the -decease of his father, to the dignity of a baronet, and, in 1678, -King Charles II. promoted him to the rank of Brigadier-General, and -gave him the Colonelcy of a newly-raised regiment of foot, with which -he proceeded to Flanders; but, after the peace of Nimeguen, this -regiment was disbanded, and Sir John again resumed his duties in the -Life Guards, in which corps he rose to the rank of Lieutenant and -Lieutenant-Colonel. In 1686 he was appointed Inspecting General of -Cavalry (jointly with Brigadier-General Sir John Lanier), and, after -the decease of the Earl of Plymouth in 1687, he was promoted from -the Life Guards to the Colonelcy of the FOURTH HORSE. He was also -Governor of Holy Island, and a Member of Parliament for the county of -Northumberland. - -Sir John Fenwick appears to have been devotedly attached to -the Stuart dynasty; and, having been advanced to the rank of -Major-General in November, 1688, he refused to take the required -oath to the Prince of Orange at the Revolution, and his regiment was -given to Viscount Colchester. After the accession of William and -Mary, Sir John did not abstain from corresponding with the dethroned -monarch. After the decease of Queen Mary, he assisted in planning -an insurrection in favour of King James, which was to have broken -out in the winter of 1695-6, and he agreed to command a body of -horse. At this time a plot for the assassination of King William was -discovered, and Sir John Fenwick was apprehended at New Romney, on -his way to France, on an attainder of high treason, and was brought -to trial before the Parliament. No proof of his guilt was produced; -but the written evidence of a witness on a former trial was produced -against him. This proceeding gave rise to much altercation amongst -the members; but the Bill was at length carried by a majority of -seven: forty-one Lords, including eight Prelates, entering a protest -against the decision. An offer of pardon was made to him by the -Peers, on condition that he would make a full discovery; but he -chose to suffer death rather than incur the disgrace of becoming an -informer. He was beheaded on Tower Hill on the 28th of January, 1697. -At the time of his execution, he professed his attachment to King -James, and expressed a wish that the exiled monarch might be restored -to the throne. - - -RICHARD VISCOUNT COLCHESTER, - -_Appointed 31st December, 1688_. - -This nobleman entered the Life Guards, in which corps he attained, in -the spring of 1686, the rank of Lieutenant and Lieutenant-Colonel. He -was one of the first officers who joined the Prince of Orange at the -Revolution in 1688, and he took with him several private gentlemen of -the fourth troop of Life Guards. On the removal of Sir John Fenwick, -the Colonelcy of the FOURTH REGIMENT OF HORSE was conferred on -Viscount Colchester, who attended King William in Ireland, and was at -the battle of the Boyne and the siege of Limerick. His lordship was -removed to the Colonelcy of the Third Troop of Life Guards in 1692, -which gave him the privilege of taking the court duty of Gold Stick, -and he served with distinction under his Majesty in several campaigns -on the Continent. He succeeded to the title of EARL RIVERS in 1694; -and, in the early campaigns of the wars of Queen Anne, he served -under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough. In 1706 he commanded -an expedition designed to make a descent on the French coast; but -the fleet having been delayed by contrary winds until the design was -frustrated, he proceeded to Spain, where he left the troops under the -command of the Earl of Galway, and afterwards returned to England. He -was appointed to the Colonelcy of the Royal Horse Guards in 1712; and -died in the same year. - - -JOHN LORD BERKELEY, - -_Appointed 23d January, 1692_. - -This nobleman was the son of Sir John Berkeley, a descendant from -the ancient Barons of Berkeley Castle (and a distinguished loyalist -in the time of Charles I. and Charles II.), who was raised to the -peerage by the title of LORD BERKELEY, OF STRATTON. Having entered -the Royal Navy, he rose to the rank of Admiral, and was also Colonel -of a regiment of Marines (afterwards disbanded) in the reign of -Charles II. It was common at this period for the Admirals to hold -commissions in the army. After the Revolution of 1688, Lord Berkeley -sustained a military character, and was appointed Colonel of the -FOURTH REGIMENT OF HORSE in January, 1692. He, however, quitted the -regiment in the following year, and held a naval command, in which he -distinguished himself against the French. Lord Berkeley died on the -29th of February, 1697. - - -CORNELIUS WOOD, - -_Appointed 24th January, 1694_. - -This officer was the son of a clergyman of Staffordshire, and having -been unfortunate in commerce, in the reign of Charles II., he entered -Queen Catherine's Troop (now Second Regiment) of Life Guards, as a -private gentleman, at the time when the ranks of that corps contained -many young men of distinction who were aspiring to commissions in -the regular army. Mr. Wood evinced great attention in acquiring a -knowledge of his profession, which, with a strict performance of -all his duties, soon procured him the approbation and favour of Sir -Philip Howard, the Captain and Colonel, and of Sir George Hewytt, the -Lieutenant-Colonel, through whose recommendation he was advanced to -the post of Sub-Corporal with the rank of Cornet; and, on the 15th of -June, 1685, King James II. promoted him to the degree of Corporal (or -Brigadier) with the rank of Lieutenant. During the remainder of the -short reign of James II., Brigadier Wood is said to have witnessed -with regret the violent conduct of the King; and, being faithful to -the principles which he had imbibed in his youth, he adhered to the -Protestant interest at the Revolution in 1688, and was promoted, by -King William III., to the Captaincy of a troop in the Ninth Horse -(now Sixth Dragoon Guards), the command of which corps had been -conferred on his friend, Sir George Hewytt, afterwards Viscount -Hewytt. The intrepidity which he displayed in the wars in Ireland and -in Flanders[59] gained him a high reputation, and he was promoted to -the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the regiment on the 31st of December, -1692. His gallant conduct at the battle of Landen, on the 19th of -July, 1693, attracted the attention of King William, who complimented -him on his bravery, made him a present of a valuable charger, and, -in January of the following year, His Majesty promoted him to the -Colonelcy of the FOURTH HORSE; at the head of which regiment he -served in Flanders until the peace of Ryswick in 1697. - -On the breaking out of the war in 1702, Colonel Wood was promoted to -the rank of Brigadier-General, and sent with his regiment to Holland, -to serve under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough; and, in the -following year, he was advanced to the rank of Major-General. The -several campaigns of this war form a glorious era in the military -history of Great Britain; and few officers acquired greater celebrity -than GENERAL WOOD. In the annals of that war his name is associated -with exploits of particular brilliancy; and he is mentioned among -those who materially contributed to the victories at Schellenberg, -Blenheim, and Ramilies. At the latter engagement, the Duke of Bavaria -and Marshal Villiers narrowly escaped being taken prisoners by him, -as more particularly stated in the record of the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS. He also distinguished himself at the battle of Malplaquet, -and in several skirmishes. - -The death of this distinguished officer was occasioned by the fall of -his horse in May, 1712. - - -THOMAS VISCOUNT WINDSOR, - -_Appointed 18th May, 1712_. - -LORD THOMAS WINDSOR, second son of Thomas Earl of Plymouth, the first -Colonel of this regiment, served with distinction in the army in the -wars of King William III., and, on the 23rd of January, 1692, he -obtained the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the FOURTH HORSE. On the 16th of -February, 1694, he was appointed to the Colonelcy of a newly-raised -regiment of horse, which was disbanded after the peace of Ryswick. -On the 19th of June, 1699, he was advanced to the peerage of Ireland -by the title of VISCOUNT WINDSOR. After the decease of the Earl of -Macclesfield, in 1701, the Colonelcy of the Tenth Horse was conferred -upon Viscount Windsor, who was promoted, on the 9th of March, -1702, to the rank of Brigadier-General, and on 1st of January, -1704, to that of Major-General. In October of the latter year his -regiment was given to Samuel (afterwards Lord) Masham. The rank of -Lieutenant-General was, however, conferred upon his Lordship in 1707; -in April, 1711, he was restored to the Colonelcy of the Tenth Horse; -and in December of the same year, he was made an English Peer, by the -title of Baron Montjoy, of the Isle of Wight. The Colonelcy of the -FOURTH HORSE was conferred upon his Lordship in 1712; from which he -was removed, by King George I., in 1717: he died in 1738. - - -GEORGE WADE, - -_Appointed 19th March, 1717_. - -This officer engaged in the profession of arms in the reign of -William III., and, after serving the Crown with zeal and fidelity -for many years, he was eventually rewarded with the highest honours -of the service. His first commission was dated the 26th of December, -1690; and he served in the Netherlands under King William until the -peace of Ryswick. Having rose to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel of -the Tenth Regiment of Foot, he proceeded, on the breaking out of the -war of the Spanish succession, with the expedition to Portugal, and -was appointed Adjutant-General to the army commanded by the Earl of -Galway, with the brevet rank of Colonel, by commission dated the 22nd -of August, 1704. After the death of Colonel Duncasson, who was killed -at the siege of Valencia de Alcantara, in May, 1705, the command of -the Thirty-third Foot was conferred upon COLONEL WADE, by commission -bearing date the 9th of June in the same year. Continuing to serve -in the Peninsula, and, by his personal exertions, gaining laurels -even in the midst of the reverses and disasters which befell the -army, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General on the 1st of -January, 1708; and, in the following year he received a complimentary -communication from King Charles III. (afterwards Emperor of the -Romans), with the commission of Major-General in Spain; in which -country he served during the remainder of the war, and highly -distinguished himself in the command of a brigade of infantry at the -battle of Saragossa in 1710. - -On the accession of King George I., Brigadier-General Wade was -advanced to the rank of Major-General; and, proving a faithful and -trustworthy servant to the Crown, at a time when jacobin principles -were prevalent in the nation, his Majesty appointed him, on the 19th -of March, 1717, Colonel of the FOURTH HORSE. In 1724 he commanded -in Scotland; and some important roads through the Highlands were -constructed under his direction and superintendence. He was promoted -to the rank of Lieutenant-General on the 7th of March, 1727; to that -of General on the 2nd of July, 1739; and he was further advanced -to the rank of Field-Marshal on the 14th of December, 1743. In -the following year, this distinguished veteran, being then in the -seventy-sixth year of his age, engaged in active service, and -commanded the British troops in the Netherlands in the campaign of -1744, but afterwards returned to England; and, in the succeeding -year, he was appointed Commander-in-Chief, during the absence of his -Royal Highness the Duke of Cumberland on the Continent. In the autumn -of the same year a rebellion broke out in Scotland, and Field-Marshal -Wade commanded an army in Yorkshire, and was actively engaged in -the pursuit of the rebels after their retreat from Derby. He was -Lieutenant-General of the Ordnance and one of his Majesty's Privy -Council; and, after serving the Crown a period of fifty-eight years, -died on the 14th of February, 1748, in the eightieth year of his age. - - -THE HON. SIR CHARLES HOWARD, K.B., - -_Appointed 15th March, 1748_. - -THE HONOURABLE CHARLES HOWARD, second son of Charles third Earl of -Carlisle, entered the army in the second year of the reign of King -George I., and was appointed Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel in the -Coldstream Guards in April, 1719. He was appointed Deputy-Governor -of Carlisle in March, 1725; rose to the rank of Colonel on the 23rd -of April, 1734; and was appointed Aide-de-camp to King George II. He -was promoted, on the 1st of November, 1738, to the command of the -Nineteenth Regiment of Foot; was appointed Brigadier-General on the -18th of February, 1742, and proceeded with the army, commanded by -the Earl of Stair, to Flanders, in the same year. He was promoted -to the rank of Major-General on the 4th of July, 1743; to that of -Lieutenant-General on the 9th of August, 1747; and, in March, 1748, -to the Colonelcy of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. In June, 1749, he was -created a Knight of the most honourable Order of the Bath; and, in -March, 1765, he was promoted to the rank of General. - -SIR CHARLES HOWARD was Governor of Forts George and Augustus in -Scotland; one of the Grooms of the Bedchamber; and was many years -a Member of Parliament for the city of Carlisle, of which he was -Lieutenant-Governor; and died on the 26th of August, 1765. - - -LORD ROBERT MANNERS, - -_Appointed 6th September, 1765_. - -LORD ROBERT MANNERS, son of John second Duke of Rutland, choosing -a military life, purchased an Ensigncy in the Coldstream Guards on -the 26th of July, 1735; was appointed Lieutenant in May, 1740; and -Captain and Lieutenant-Colonel in the First Foot Guards on the 22nd -of April, 1742. In December, 1747, he was promoted to the rank of -Colonel, and appointed Aide-de-camp to King George II.; and, in 1751, -his Majesty gave him the Colonelcy of the Thirty-sixth Regiment -of Foot. The rank of Major-General was conferred upon Lord Robert -Manners on the 7th of February, 1757; that of Lieutenant-General on -the 7th of April, 1759; and, in 1765, King George III. gave him the -Colonelcy of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, with the rank of General, -five years afterwards: he died on the 31st of May, 1782. - - -PHILIP HONEYWOOD, - -_Appointed 7th June, 1782_. - -PHILIP HONEYWOOD, having entered the army at an early age, rose to -the rank of Major in the King's Dragoons, now Third Light Dragoons, -with which corps he proceeded to Flanders in 1742, and displayed -great gallantry at the battle of Dettingen on the 26th of June, 1743, -where his regiment was warmly engaged with the French household -troops and suffered severely. Major Honeywood received five wounds -in this action, and, being thought dead, he was stripped by some -plunderers, and lay in that state six hours on the field of battle. -He, however, revived, and, having recovered of his wounds, resumed -his regimental duties, and was at the battle of Fontenoy on the 11th -of May, 1745. In the autumn of the same year the rebellion broke -out in Scotland, when the King's Dragoons were ordered to return to -England; and, on the flight of the rebels from Derby, the regiment, -being sent forward in pursuit, overtook the rear-guard on Clifton -Moor, in Lancashire, on the 19th of December, and a sharp action -ensuing, Lieutenant-Colonel Honeywood again displayed his wonted -bravery, and was severely wounded in the shoulder. He, however, -recovered; and, on the 17th of March, 1752, was promoted to the rank -of Colonel in the army; and, in April, 1755, King George II. gave him -the Colonelcy of the Twentieth Regiment of Foot; from which he was -removed, in May of the following year, to the Ninth Dragoons. He was -promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 17th of May, 1758; and, -on the 5th of April in the following year, he obtained the Colonelcy -of the Fourth Irish Horse, now the Seventh Dragoon Guards. - -During the Seven Years' War, Major-General Honeywood commanded a -brigade of cavalry in Germany under Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, -and performed a distinguished part in many skirmishes and general -engagements; particularly at the battle of Warbourg, on the 31st of -July, 1760, when he led his own regiment to the charge with signal -gallantry: the enemy was overthrown, the most dreadful slaughter -followed, and many of the French were drowned in attempting to -escape across the river Dymel. In December of the same year he was -promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General; and, continuing to -serve in Germany, he acquired great celebrity, and was commended by -the Commander-in-Chief in his public despatches. After his return -to England he was advanced to the rank of General; and a vacancy -occurring in the Colonelcy of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS, in 1782, King -George III. conferred that appointment on this distinguished veteran. - -General Honeywood was many years Governor of Hull; he was also Member -of Parliament for Appleby; and died on the 20th of January, 1785. - - -RICHARD BURTON PHILIPSON, - -_Appointed 23rd February, 1785_. - -RICHARD BURTON commenced his military service in the reign of King -George II.; and, having attained the rank of Major in the Royal -Dragoons on the 1st of May, 1759, proceeded with his regiment -to Germany in the spring of the following year. In the battles, -skirmishes, fatigues, and privations of the three subsequent -campaigns, MAJOR BURTON had his share; as well as in the honours -acquired by the British cavalry. After his return to England he was -permitted to take the surname of PHILIPSON. On the 25th of January, -1771, he was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the Royal Dragoons; -and, in 1775, he was appointed Colonel in the army and Aide-de-camp -to King George III. On the breaking out of the American war, several -new regiments were raised, and Colonel Philipson was promoted to -the rank of Major-General, and appointed Colonel of the Twentieth -Light Dragoons (a corps formed of the light troops of several other -regiments), on the 25th of April, 1779; from which he was removed, -on the 23rd of February, 1785, to the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. He was -promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General on the 28th of September, -1787; was Member of Parliament for Eye, in Suffolk; and died on the -19th of August, 1792. - - -SIR WILLIAM FAWCETT, K.B., - -_Appointed 22nd August, 1792_. - -WILLIAM FAWCETT, who descended from the ancient family of Fawcetts, -of Shipden Hall, near Halifax, having, from his early youth, a -strong predilection for a military life, his friends procured him -an Ensign's commission in General Oglethorp's regiment, which was -stationed in Georgia; but, a British force having been sent to -Flanders in 1742, he resigned his commission, proceeded to the -Continent, and, serving as a volunteer, was at the battles of -Dettingen and Fontenoy, where his gallantry attracted admiration; and -he was appointed Ensign in a regiment raised by Colonel Johnstone, -with which he served until the peace of Aix-la-Chapelle, in 1748, -when it was disbanded. - -Being now unemployed, he engaged in the service of a mercantile -establishment in the city of London; but, finding his propensity to -a military life invincible, he subsequently purchased an Ensign's -commission in the Foot Guards, and, by a strict attention to his -duties, procured the favour of his Royal Highness William Duke of -Cumberland, who gave him the Adjutantcy of the second battalion of -the Third Foot Guards, which he held, together with a Lieutenantcy, -which gave him the rank of Captain. Neglecting no opportunity of -qualifying himself for the highest posts in his profession, he -studied the German and French languages, acquired a knowledge of -Prussian and French tactics; and, in 1757, published a translation -of the 'Memoirs upon the Art of War, by Marshal Count de Saxe,' and -'The Regulations for the Prussian Cavalry;' and, in 1759, 'The -Regulations for the Prussian Infantry,' and 'The Prussian Tactics.' -These works met with great attention; and a new edition in 1760 was -also well received. - -In the early part of the Seven Years' War, Captain Fawcett served -in Germany as Aide-de-camp to Lieutenant-General Grenville Elliott, -where he acquired a practical knowledge of the military art; and his -ardour, intrepidity, and attention to the duties of his situation -were such, that, on the decease of Lieutenant-General Grenville -Elliott, Captain Fawcett was recommended for the appointment of -Aide-de-camp to Prince Ferdinand of Brunswick, and he had also the -offer of the same appointment to the Marquis of Granby: he chose the -latter, and was sent to England with the despatches which gave the -account of the victory at Warbourg; on which occasion, King George -II. was highly gratified at having the particulars of this engagement -related to him in the German language by Captain Fawcett. He was -advanced to the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel in the army on the 25th of -November, 1760; and, continuing to serve in Germany, was appointed -Military Secretary to the Marquis of Granby. It is recorded that, in -Lieutenant-Colonel Fawcett's character, strength and softness were -happily blended together, and to coolness, intrepidity, and extensive -military knowledge, he added all the requisite talents of a man of -business, and the most persevering assiduity. He was highly esteemed -by every officer on the staff of the army, and was the intimate -and confidential friend of the Marquis of Granby. He remained on -service until the peace in 1763, when he returned to England; and his -knowledge of the German language, with the information he possessed -from his late office, was the occasion of his being employed by King -George III. as Commissary to settle the claims made by the Allies -against Great Britain for the expenses of the war. - -In November, 1767, he obtained a company in the Third Foot Guards; -and, in 1772, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel in the army, -and appointed Deputy Adjutant-General to the Forces. - -At the commencement of the American war, Colonel Fawcett was -sent to Germany to negotiate with the states of Hesse, Hanover, -and Brunswick, for a body of troops to serve in North America, -Gibraltar, and the East Indies. He was appointed Governor of -Gravesend and Tilbury Fort on the 2nd of October, 1776. In 1777 he -was promoted to the rank of Major-General; in the following year he -was appointed Colonel of the Fifteenth Regiment of Foot; and, in -1781, he was appointed Adjutant-General to the Forces. The rank of -Lieutenant-General was conferred upon this valuable servant of the -Crown in 1782; in 1786 his Majesty honoured him with the riband of -the Order of the Bath; and, in 1792, gave him the Colonelcy of THE -THIRD, OR PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS. - -In May, 1796, Sir William Fawcett was promoted to the rank of -General; and, in July following, he was appointed Governor of the -Royal Hospital at Chelsea. The office of Adjutant-General requiring -greater exertions than his age would admit of, he obtained his -Majesty's permission to resign, and, on retiring from his post, the -King honoured him with distinguished marks of his Royal favour and -approbation. In 1799 the Duke of York proceeded to Holland, when Sir -William Fawcett was appointed by his Majesty to be _General on the -Staff_ of the Army, and to perform the duties of Commander-in-Chief -during his Royal Highness's absence. - -He died on the 19th of March, 1804; and his funeral was honoured with -the presence of his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, their Royal -Highnesses the Dukes of York, Clarence, Kent, and Cambridge, and of -many noblemen and General Officers. - - -RICHARD VYSE, - -_Appointed 2nd April, 1804_. - -GENERAL VYSE entered the army, on the 13th of February, 1762, as -Cornet of the Fifth Royal Irish Dragoons; obtained the rank of -Lieutenant in 1766; and, having become particularly proficient in -the duties of his profession, was appointed Adjutant of the regiment -in March of the following year. Having purchased a Captaincy in -1771, he procured the commission of Major in the Eighteenth Light -Dragoons in 1777; and, in 1784, was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel -of the King's Dragoon Guards, which corps he brought into a high -state of discipline and efficiency; and was promoted to the rank -of Colonel in the army in 1791. On the breaking out of the war -with France, in 1793, he proceeded with his regiment on foreign -service; and, in the following year, commanded a brigade of heavy -cavalry under his Royal Highness the Duke of York, and distinguished -himself on several occasions--particularly at the battle of Cateau, -on the 26th of April, 1794, where, after the fall of Major-General -Mansel, he commanded two brigades throughout the remainder of the -day, and materially contributed to the victory gained on that -occasion. In October of the same year he was promoted to the rank -of Major-General; in 1797 his Majesty gave him the Colonelcy of the -Twenty-ninth Dragoons; and, in 1801, promoted him to the rank of -Lieutenant-General. - -After the decease of Sir William Fawcett, the King conferred -the Colonelcy of the PRINCE OF WALES' DRAGOON GUARDS on -Lieutenant-General Vyse, who was advanced to the rank of General on -the 1st of January, 1812; and died in 1825. - - -SIR WILLIAM PAYNE, BART., - -_Appointed 2nd June, 1825_. - -SIR WILLIAM PAYNE first entered the army, as Cornet in the Royal -Dragoons, on the 25th of January, 1776; and, having served in the -subordinate commissions, was appointed Lieutenant-Colonel of the -regiment in 1794. He served in the Netherlands under his Royal -Highness the Duke of York, and was present at the principal actions -during the campaign of 1794. In 1796 he was removed from the -Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the Royal Dragoons to the THIRD DRAGOON -GUARDS; in 1798 he was promoted to the rank of Colonel in the army; -and, in 1805, he was removed to the Tenth Light Dragoons. He was -promoted to the rank of Major-General in the same year, and served -four years on the Staff in Ireland. In November, 1807, he obtained -the Colonelcy of the Twenty-third Light Dragoons; and, in 1809, he -proceeded to Portugal with the local rank of Lieutenant-General, and -served the campaign of that year under Sir Arthur Wellesley. He took -an active part in the operations by which the French were driven from -Oporto; and commanded the British cavalry at the memorable battle of -Talavera, fought on the 27th and 28th of July, 1809, for which he -received a medal. He was promoted to the rank of Lieutenant-General -on the 4th of June, 1811; was removed from the Twenty-third to the -Nineteenth Light Dragoons in July, 1814, and to the Twelfth Lancers -in January, 1815. He was further advanced to the rank of General on -the 27th of May, 1825; and, in the following month, he obtained the -Colonelcy of the THIRD DRAGOON GUARDS. He subsequently took the name -of Galway; and died in April, 1831. - - -SAMUEL HAWKER, G.C.H., - -_Appointed 22nd April, 1831_. - - -FOOTNOTE: - -[59] _Vide_ the Historical Record of the Sixth Dragoon Guards. - - - - - LONDON: - Printed by WILLIAM CLOWES AND SONS, - Stamford Street. - - - - - TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_. - - A superscript is denoted by ^x; for example, und^r (under) or vi^d - (six pence). - - Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been - corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within the - text and consultation of external sources. - - Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text, - and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example, - mean-time, mean time; War Office, War-Office; connexion; gallopped; - jesuitical. - - Pg 5, 'Lievtenant vi^s' replaced by 'Lieutenant vi^s'. - Pg 16, the anchor for Footnote [16] was missing, and has been - inserted here. - Pg 24 Footnote [22], '--' inserted before "_London Gazette_". - Pg 27 Footnote [24], '--' inserted before "_Parker's Memoires_". - Pg 52, 'ordered so send' replaced by 'ordered to send'. - Pg 114, 'of' replaced by 'OF' in 'EARL OF PLYMOUTH' (twice). - Pg 117, 'of' replaced by 'OF' in 'FOURTH REGIMENT OF HORSE' (twice). - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Third or -Princes of Wales' Regiment of Dra, by Richard Cannon - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HISTORICAL RECORD *** - -***** This file should be named 52249-0.txt or 52249-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/5/2/2/4/52249/ - -Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions -will be renamed. - -Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no -one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation -(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without -permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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