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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
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+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #53755 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/53755)
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-The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Taleef Shereef, by Muhammad Sharif Khan
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you
-will have to check the laws of the country where you are located before
-using this eBook.
-
-Title: The Taleef Shereef
- Or, Indian Materia Medica
-
-Author: Muhammad Sharif Khan
-
-Release Date: December 18, 2016 [eBook #53755]
-[Most recently updated: February 17, 2021]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team
-
-*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TALEEF SHEREEF ***
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTICE
-
-The medical knowledge represented in this book is several centuries
-old. The publication of this book is for historical interest only,
-and is not to be construed as medical advice by Project Gutenberg
-or its volunteers. Medicinal plants should not be used without
-consulting a trained medical professional. Medical science has made
-considerable progress since this book was written. Recommendations
-or prescriptions have been superseded by better alternatives, or
-invalidated altogether. This book contains a number of prescriptions
-that are very dangerous.
-
-
-
-
- THE
-
- TALEEF SHEREEF,
-
- OR
-
- INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA;
-
- TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL.
-
- BY
-
- GEORGE PLAYFAIR, Esq.
-
- SUPERINTENDING SURGEON, BENGAL SERVICE.
-
-
-
- PUBLISHED BY
-
- The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta.
-
- Calcutta:
-
- PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, CIRCULAR ROAD.
- SOLD BY MESSRS. THACKER & CO. CALCUTTA; & BY MESSRS. PARBURY, ALLEN
- & CO.
- 1833.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.
-
-
-In the course of a practice of upwards of twenty-six years in India,
-I have often had occasion to regret, that I had no publication to
-guide me, in my wish to become acquainted with the properties of
-native medicines, which I had frequently seen, in the hands of the
-Physicians of Hindoostan, productive of the most beneficial effects
-in many diseases, for the cure of which our Pharmacopeia supplied no
-adequate remedy; and the few which I had an opportunity of becoming
-acquainted with, so far exceeded my expectations, that I determined
-to make a Translation of the present work, for my own gratification
-and future guidance.
-
-Having finished the translation, I became convinced, that I should
-not have fulfilled the whole of my duty if I did not make it public;
-and ill calculated as I know myself for such an undertaking, I have
-ventured to offer it to the world, with all its imperfections.
-
-Conscious, that the liberal minded will give me credit for the best
-of motives, I shall not dread criticism; and if it has the effect
-of inducing those more competent to the task to an inquiry into
-the properties of native medicines, my views will have been fully
-accomplished.
-
-In writing the names of the different medicines, I have followed the
-Author's example, and have been guided solely by the pronunciation,
-without altering the sound given to the letters in English, and have
-not borrowed a single name from any work of Oriental literature. In
-this I may have acted wrong, but I did so from the conviction, that by
-this method, the names would be more familiar, and better understood,
-by the Natives in researches after the different drugs.
-
-I have inserted as many of the systematic names as I could trace,
-both from Dr. Fleming's work, and those of others; but I regret,
-that I was not honored in the acquaintance of any Botanist who could
-have assisted me with more.
-
-To the youth of the profession, I trust the work may be acceptable, by
-leading them to the knowledge, that such medicines are in existence;
-and my medical brethren of the higher grades may not deem further
-inquiry into the properties of native drugs beneath their notice.
-
-To the profession at large, then, I beg leave to dedicate this
-Translation, with the hope, that they will make due allowance for
-all faults, and that some of the more experienced will favor us with
-another and better edition.
-
-To my respected friends Messrs. Wilson and Twining, the profession is
-indebted, that this little work ever saw light; and though they are
-godfathers to none of its errors, yet without their encouragement and
-aid, it must have slumbered in oblivion, and remained as was intended,
-(after the failure of an attempt on the part of the translator,)
-a manual for his own private use.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-GLOSSARY.
-
-
-Acouta, Herpes.
-Aruk, Distilled liquid.
-Boolbul, Indian Nightingale.
-Badgola, Splenitis.
-Coir, Fibrous substance surrounding the Cocoanut.
-Daad, Impetigo.
-Dhats, Component parts of the human frame.
-Elaous, Disease of the Intestines. Introsusception.
-Fetuck, Hernia.
-Goor, Unrefined Sugar.
-Juzam, Black Leprosy.
-Jow, Barley.
-Junglie Chuha, The Forest Rat.
-Khoonadeer, Khoonazeer? Lupus, Cancer.
-Kunzeer, Cancer.
-Mootiabin, Total blindness, Gutta Serena.
-Naringee, The Orange.
-Nachoona, Opacity of the Cornea.
-Neela Totha, Sulphate of Copper.
-Nuffsoodum, HÊmoptysis.
-Pilau, Poolau, Dish made of meat and rice, seasoned with spices.
-Peshanee, The Forehead.
-Paddy, Rice in the husk.
-Panroque, Cold with Fever, also Jaundice.
-Peendie, A formula for females.
-Paan, A leaf, chewed by the Natives, with Catechu, Betel,
- and Lime.
-Raal, Gum Resin.
-Rajerogue, Carbuncle.
-Soonpat, Loss of sensation in parts of the body.
-Soorkhbad, Erythema.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- THE TALEEF SHEREEF,
- OR
- INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA.
-
- TRANSLATED FROM
- THE ORIGINAL, WITH ADDITIONS.
-
-
-1 Am, Ambe, Anbe.--The Fruit, Mangifera Indica.
-
-The produce of a large tree very common in Hindostan. The fruit is
-about the size of, and very much resembling in shape, a goat's kidney,
-and having the external appearance of an apple. When ripe, it sometimes
-retains the green color, but oftener becomes yellow, or red and yellow.
-
-The virtues ascribed to this tree, are as follows:--The bruised
-leaves and young shoots applied to the hair, expedite its growth,
-and considerably darken its color.
-
-The bark of the trunk of the tree, and of its roots, is cooling and
-astringent; the former powerfully so. The leaves are astringent,
-and promote digestion; their ashes styptic.
-
-The young flowers are cool and drying; have a pleasant aromatic scent,
-and when taken internally, are cooling and astringent; recommended
-for the cure of chronic Gonorrhoea or Gleet, purulent expectoration,
-bilious foulness of the blood and boils. The young unripe fruit has
-much acidity, and is drying; moderately used, it increases all the
-animal secretions, and is beneficial in chronic affections of the
-liver; it promotes appetite, and is lithonthriptic. The fruit, when
-ripe, is sweet, cooling, mucilaginous and heavy, tending to allay
-thirst, and useful in nervous affections; strengthens the system,
-restores impaired appetite, (is said to moderate an increased secretion
-of bile,) and improves the complexion. The fruit is of various sizes,
-from a few drachms to a pound weight; but it is usually met with
-weighing about 4 ounces. It becomes acid about a month after the fall
-of the flower, in which state it is used as preserves, such as jellies,
-pickles, &c.; at this time, too, it is used as seasoning for Pilaus,
-and other dishes; for when the stone or kernel has become hard, it
-is no longer fit for these purposes. When the fruit has attained its
-full growth, and when nearly ripe, it is to be taken from the tree,
-and put into dry grass, straw, or the leaves of the Palass tree, and
-there allowed to become ripe; this process deprives it of all acidity,
-and also prevents the formation of a resinous gum, which it contracts
-when allowed to ripen on the tree, and which renders it too pungent
-to be eaten with relish.
-
-The fruit is in perfection in the hot winds, and when the rains
-commence, it ripens very fast; before the cold weather it is usually
-out of season.
-
-There are some trees that blossom the whole year, and some few that
-even produce fruit; but instances of this are very rare.
-
-There is a variety of this tree on which the fruit is sweet from its
-first formation; this requires to be used early, otherwise it will
-in all probability become a prey to insects.
-
-Some trees produce fruit only once in 4 years. In general, it produces
-fruit in abundance every second year, and less in the alternate year;
-some are even perfectly barren every alternate year.
-
-There is a mode of manuring this tree, which it is said improves
-the flavour of the fruit greatly; this is mixing the juice of its
-fruit with milk, and pouring it over the roots. It is also said to
-be possible to communicate the flavor of any particular fruit to the
-mangoe, by its expressed juice being made use of, as an application
-to the roots of the tree.
-
-The kernel of the mangoe, roasted, is pleasant to the taste, and
-grateful to the stomach; it is much recommended in laxities of the
-bowels, and strengthens the primÊ viÊ; water drank after having eat
-of this kernel, seems to possess a flavor peculiarly excellent. The
-usual mode of preparing them, is to allow them to remain exposed to
-the rains, till the shell shall have become decayed; by this process
-it is deprived of any heating or irritating property. Prepared in this
-manner, and kept a short time in lime juice, taken out, bruised and
-mixed with salt, fennel, &c, it is much extolled for strengthening
-the stomach, and promoting digestion.
-
-If preserved for 3 years, pounded, and swallowed to the quantity of a
-tolah, with a little water, no medicine is preferable for strengthening
-bowels habitually lax.
-
-In the acid state, the fruit is very prejudicial to those who have
-any disorders in their teeth, a cough, an affection of the chest, or
-who are subject to cholicky pain in the bowels, but very beneficial
-when used in irritable habits. The best method of using them is
-this. The acid unripe fruit, after the outer rind has been peeled
-off, is to be cut into thin slices, and infused for some hours in
-water; this water so impregnated, is to be drained off, mixed with
-a sufficient proportion of sugar, and used as sherbet. It produces a
-great relish for food, and is in other respects beneficial. The same
-effects are produced by the unripe fruit, being roasted and allowed to
-remain in water, as above mentioned. It is recommended in paralysis,
-from coup de vent. Many physicians have considered the mangoe to be
-of a cooling nature, but, in my opinion, it is heating in all its
-stages. The Yunani physicians have stated the ripe fruit to be hot
-in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree.
-
-Its virtues may be described in a few words. It strengthens the
-system, gives tone to the kidnies, restores impaired appetite, &c. It
-is aperient, improves the complexion, beneficial in piles, an useful
-deobstruent, braces and increases the bulk of the solids, and removes
-nervous affections. In some of these disorders I am inclined to doubt
-of its good effects, but such virtues are attributed to it. It is
-recommended, in order to prevent any bad effects from the fruit in
-its unripe state, that raisins be eaten with it. Hukeem Alwee Khan,
-a man of eminence in his profession in the reign of Mahommed Shah,
-says, that if ever this fruit disagreed with the system, it must have
-been eaten when unripe or green.
-
-I had occasion to attend a gentleman of very high rank, who laboured
-under dropsy; I cured him of the disease, but 3 years afterwards,
-having eaten a large quantity of mangoes, the disease returned,
-and I have observed the same effects in other cases.
-
-Hukeem Alli Mughphoor, physician, states, that influenced by the
-resemblance of the mangoe to the human kidney, he concluded that
-it must be beneficial in that organ, (disorders of;) he therefore
-prescribed it in a case of hectic fever, arising from diseased kidney,
-and completely cured the disease. In this I differ from him entirely;
-he must have mistaken the nature of the complaint, for a remedy given
-expressly for the cure of a disease in the kidney, could not, at the
-same time, have removed the fever, excepting appropriate medicines
-had been administered along with it!!
-
-The best mangoes are those having a thin juice, sweet and free from
-fibres; and they ought to be cooled in water or in ice, especially
-during the hot weather. It is preferable to use the juice of the fruit
-without eating any of the fibrous parts; a neglect of this may produce
-various disorders, such as indigestion, cholicky pains, &c. It is very
-common to eat the expressed juice, mixed with sugar and other things,
-with rice, or with bread, but this is great imprudence; for in the
-most healthy subjects it may produce nausea, and general uneasiness.
-
-Should any ill effects follow the use of the mangoe, milk, or the
-kernel of the fruit, will be found a corrector. My father's opinion
-is, that these are not the only remedies; for if it produces any
-heating effect, curdled milk will give relief, or even cold water,
-or acidulated sherbet, and he himself was always in the habit of
-using the Phalsa sherbet on these occasions.
-
-Should cholic be produced, the Oil of Almonds or other sweet oils,
-will remove the complaint; and a diarrhoea is to be cured by the use of
-the kernel; and a swelling of the abdomen, by milk, in which a little
-ginger has been mixed; or even ginger by itself will have the effect
-
-A substitute for mangoe, as a medicine, may be had in Chobe Cheenee.
-
-In general, it will be adviseable to abstain from the use of the
-mangoe, till 2 or 3 showers of rain have fallen; but those of a
-cold phlegmatic or melancholic temperament do not require to be
-so particular.
-
-Those for whose complaints mangoes have been recommended, have in a
-few months derived great benefit from their use, by eating them with
-camel's milk. There are many kinds of this fruit, and their names
-are as various; but the stronger the scent, the more effectual they
-are as a medicine. In Persian it is called Nugzuck.
-
-2 Aramsheetul.--Pungent and cooling; useful in bilious and catarrhal
-complaints; also recommended in foulness of the blood.
-
-3 Akaholie.--Vermifuge, also recommended in bilious and catarrhal
-disorders, in seminal weakness and gonorrhoea.
-
-4 Adki.--Vide Arhir.
-
-5 Anula. (nasal N.)--Or Amle, (Phyllanthus emblica, W. Murray IV. 127,
-Myrobolans.) The fruit round, like a plum. The tree like that of the
-tamarind, of a pleasant acid, and sweetish astringent taste. It is
-aperient, cooling, and drying; of great use in eruptions of the skin,
-arising from a redundance of bile. Other virtues ascribed to this
-fruit may be found in all Yunani works. It is also called Bidjee and
-Dhatri Phill, used by the natives for cleansing the hair.
-
-6 Aru.--A variety of plum, much resembling the common sort, both in
-the tree and fruit; it however possesses more acidity, and is less
-easy of digestion.
-
-7 Abi.--Pyrus Cidonia. The Quince; slightly astringent, and cool in
-a great degree; heavy and difficult of digestion, yet it is gently
-laxative and expectorant, and is recommended for strengthening the
-powers of virility. In Arabic Siffirjill, Persian Behi.
-
-8 Aak.--Arug, Mudar, Asclepias gigantea. A milky shrub, very common
-all over India; its pod resembles a mangoe, but rather longer in
-proportion: when ripe it breaks, and is found filled with a white
-substance, resembling silk, to which the seeds are fixed. The leaves
-of the plant resemble the Dak, but are somewhat smaller: its height is
-generally from 1 to 1 1/2 yard; when its leaves or stalk are broken,
-a white milky liquid exudes. There are two kinds, white and red;
-both are purgatives, violently so. It is said to be beneficial in
-the following disorders. Foulness of the blood, bilious affections,
-Juzam, Psora, ZÊrbad, boils, cuticular eruptions, diseases of the
-liver, visceral obstructions, hÊmorrhoids, all internal diseases,
-dropsy and worms.
-
-("Many and wonderful virtues are ascribed to this plant; but I must
-refer those who have faith in charms to the original Taleef Shereef,
-when their curiosity will be amply gratified." Translator.)
-
-All the above virtues have been ascribed to this plant; my opinion
-is, that the application of the leaves is useful in swellings,
-promotes suppuration in indolent tumors, and cures eruptions on the
-skin. The milk blisters, and if applied to the eye, it produces
-swelling, itchiness, and loss of vision. The powder of the root,
-mixed with goat's blood and fresh butter, and applied to the eye,
-is said materially to strengthen vision. In other works it is said,
-that the milk of every variety of this plant is poisonous, and
-violently cathartic.
-
-9 Aal.--Vide Mujeet, Rubia, Madder, a wood used for dyeing a red
-color, and forming a principal article of commerce in some parts of
-India. In the "Dhara Shakoi" it is called Mujeet, but I suspect that
-they are different plants, as the Mujeet is thin, and of a fine red
-color; whereas the Aal is blackish, with a tinge of yellow, though
-not thicker than the other.
-
-10 Aditt Bagut.--In Persian, Aftab Perust, Helianthus Annuus. The
-sun-flower; the name of a flower called also Soorujmookee. The
-stem grows straight about a man's height; the leaves are broad and
-triangular, the flower circular, flat and yellow, with serrated edges,
-and it is said to follow the sun in his diurnal progress. There are
-two kinds, a small and greater; their medical properties the same;
-they are bitter to the taste, and heating in a considerable degree. It
-is beneficial in cholicks, dropsical affections, foulness of stomach,
-and rheumatism; it also improves appetite, and promotes expectoration
-in cases of cold, accompanied by fever.
-
-11 Area.--A culinary fruit resembling the cucumber, and grows in
-the rainy season; it is so cooling that it produces pains all over
-the body; it is moreover difficult of digestion, and if taken in any
-quantity produces fever.
-
-12 Anwul (Nasal).--A large tree very common in India, which when
-in flower, has a very beautiful appearance; its flowers are yellow,
-resembling those of the Cassia. There are two kinds of this, one called
-Mahedi Anwul. Of this also there are two varieties. It is cooling, and
-the medicinal properties of all varieties are the same. It is used with
-good effect in bilious vomitings, and also in leprous affections of the
-skin. It is recommended in weakness of the eyes, asthma, affections
-of the chest, and foulness of blood. It strengthens the weak and
-emaciated, and braces the solids when relaxed by disease or otherwise.
-
-13 Aruk.--This name is indiscriminately given to four different kinds
-of trees; Nowa, Cutel, Burhil and Taar.
-
-14 Aloo (Bochara).--A kind of plum.
-
-15 Abnoos (Ebony).--A large tree, producing a sweet fruit like
-grapes. Its leaves resemble those of the Sinobir, but are somewhat
-broader: it is an evergreen, and its wood is, when good and full-grown,
-dark-colored and durable; its leaves are smooth and glassy; its
-properties said to be very active and deleterious; it is heating in
-a considerable degree, and is said to be lithonthriptic. It dispels
-flatulency, and cures tympanites. It is recommended in chronic
-affections of the liver. Filings or raspings of the wood are styptic,
-and its charcoal more so; a decoction of the wood, in spirits, is very
-effectual in discussing scrophulous tumours, when externally applied.
-
-The raspings of the wood, mixed with whites of eggs, is an excellent
-application to scalds and burns; they are also famed for cleaning
-deep foul ulcers, and inducing the growth of healthy granulation.
-
-Taken internally, the dose is 10 1/2 Mashas, and should it disagree
-with the stomach, which it often does, honey, or Gum Arabic, with
-sweet basil, are correctors. The large Baer Tree, (Konar), is a good
-substitute for the Abnoos; quality, hot 3, dry 2. Persian Awnoos.
-
-16 Anbihildee.--Curcuma zedoaria, (Rox.) Amomum Zed. Wildenow. An
-Indian root, hot and dry in the 2d degree; useful in herpes, and
-foulness of the blood, and much esteemed as an external application
-in wounds and bruises, for which it is also internally exhibited:
-orange juice used as a vehicle, corrects, in some degree, its heating
-quality; or if this be not procurable, Bapahic, or the seed of the
-Penwur, or Turmeric, will have the same effect; the medicine may be
-given to the quantity of 3 1/2 Masha.
-
-17 Apurjeeta.--Clitoria ternatea, Crow's beak, a twining shrub. The
-natives call it Kowwa Thontee, which literally signifies crow's
-beak, also Neelisbund; the plant is about a foot and a half high,
-and sometimes less, resembling the Cungheiy, only the leaves of the
-latter are smooth and polished, while those of the former are rough and
-hard; both the Apurjeeta and the variety Neelisbund, are cooling. It is
-beneficial in weakness of sight, in clearing the voice and soreness of
-the throat, and is useful in the poisonous bites of leeches. It is also
-of use in rheumatic affections of the joints, Juzam, bilious disorders,
-mucous discharge from the lungs or bowels; it allays general heat,
-and is said to be an antidote to certain poisonous substances, and
-of great efficacy in hard indolent tumours, and affections of the skin.
-
-18 Abruc.--Talc, A fossil substance, beneficial in seminal weakness,
-redundance of bile, mucus, &c. An antidote to poison. The physicians
-of Hindostan prepare it for use by calcination. Arabic, Tulk.
-
-19 Abhea.--A name for Hurr; it also signifies the water of life,
-and a medicine called Guloe.
-
-20 Aotungun.--A very common seed, resembling coriander. In powder
-it is recommended as giving strength to the system, and rendering
-Aphrodisie more permanent. It is a very favorite medicine in India. It
-is, moreover, useful in Nephritia and liver complaints, and it is very
-innocent in its operation. Some physicians describe it as hot and dry,
-in a considerable degree, and disagreeing with the stomach; they,
-therefore, recommend it to be taken with a proportion of sugar. In
-all its properties the Maadentezerrubad states the Bonphilly to be
-nearly the same; dose 4 1/4 Mashas.
-
-21 Atees.--The root. Of this there are two kinds, a white and black,
-and both are very common. The white kind resembles the Jedwaar; the
-root is very irregular in thickness. It frequently is found resembling
-the white Bahmen. Both kinds are bitter, astringent, pungent, and
-heating; aiding digestion, useful in dysentery, vomiting, and piles.
-
-22 Adjmode.--Bishop's Weed, Sisson Ammi, (Linn.) Amoos, (Arab.) Ajooan,
-(Hind.) Nemkha, P. Ajamodum, S. A hot seed, stomachic cordial and
-stimulant. (Ajmood, Parsley? Taylor. Apium Involucratum.) Apium
-Involucratum, Rox. M. S. "Sp. Ch. Annual, glaucous, villous, superior
-leaflets filiform, both general and partial, involucra, about 6
-leaved." Bitter and pungent, light and heating, increases appetite,
-induces costiveness, and strengthens the vital energy; increases
-the seminal secretion, and removes pains and other disorders,
-the consequence of colds; beneficial in nausea, is vermifuge,
-relieves hiccup, and is useful in Dysuria, but it produces heat in
-the abdomen. It is called Curufs, but it is only a variety of this,
-and is something betwixt that and Aniseed, though this may be owing
-to the difference of cultivation.
-
-23 Adjwain.--"Anise Seed. In Arabic, Aneesoon. Pimpinella Anisum, Linn.
-
-"Ujwain. The seed of a plant of the Dill kind, Taylor. Ligusticum
-Adjwaen, Roxb. Sp. Ch. annual, erect, leaves super de compound,
-with filiform leaflets, ridges and furrows of the seeds distinct
-and scabrous. This is what is recommended to notice by Dr. Percival,
-under the name Ajava seed."
-
-A species of the above, of which there are two kinds, one of which is
-called Juhar; both are bitter, pungent, and aromatic; it resembles the
-Ajmode, but is smaller, and has a strong aromatic scent. It assists
-digestion, improves appetite, is useful in rheumatism and catarrhal
-affections; is vermifuge, beneficial in dropsy, dispels flatulence,
-and is highly extolled in flatulent cholic. A. Nanchoa.
-
-
-24 Adjwain. 25 Khorasanee. "Hyosciamus niger, Linn. Black
-Henbane. Narcotic. Corrector, Vinegar."
-
-This plant grows thick from the root, and is covered with a hairy
-down. The seeds are contained within a hard thick shell, and the
-leaves are like those of the pomegranate flower. The pod is filled
-with seeds of a small irregular shape. There is a plant called Hulbeh,
-which resembles this, but is smaller. A. Buzurulbunje.
-
-26 Adjan.--Or Adjain, a large tree, with wide spreading branches,
-in size approaching that of the mangoe; its leaves growing close,
-and also resembling those of the mangoe tree, but longer and thinner;
-the fruit is about 1 1/2 foot long, and very thin.
-
-27 Akhroat.--"The Walnut, Juglans regia, Linn." This is a native
-of hilly countries; its leaves are like the Terpat; the fruit is
-sweet to the taste, heating, and heavy; it loosens the bowels, and
-restores strength; it is useful in rheumatic affections, increases
-mental energy and the powers of manhood, and gives relief in flying
-pains in the stomach. A. Jouz.
-
-28 Andaluck.--A kind of grain.
-
-29 Aderuck.--"Ginger, Amomum zinziber, Linn. Amomum zinziber,
-Wild. Adraca, S. Sonth (dried root,) H. Sunthi, S." A very common root,
-the stem of which is knotty, and from every knot, a leaf is produced;
-it is hot and heavy; promotes digestion if eaten before meals, mixed
-with Lahore salt, (rock salt;) it prevents flatulent swellings in
-the stomach and bowels. P. Zinzibeel tur. It is much extolled as a
-stomachic when prepared as sweetmeats; but if the syrup be allowed to
-dry, it spoils, becomes less grateful to the taste, and its heating
-quality is much increased.
-
-30 Arnee.--The name of a tree, in height that of the Peach tree, but
-it is full of branches from the root upwards, and the leaves are like
-those of the Sumhaloo; it is heating, and beneficial in rheumatic
-complaints and swellings from cold. In the Dhintri it is described
-as oleaginous and heavy; effectual in Jaundice, increasing appetite,
-loosening the bowels, and removing flatulence.
-
-31 Arhir or Toor.--"Cytisus cajan." Some consider these as distinct
-species, but in my opinion Toor is only Arhir in an overgrown
-state. The plant grows to the height of a yard and half; and the
-taste of the pea of the Arhir is preferable to that of the Toor. Toor
-is sown and cut down at the same time as the sugar-cane; whereas the
-Arhir is sown, and cut with the barley. The pod of the Toor is larger
-than that of the Arhir; and the former has an unpleasant smell, which
-is wanting in the latter; they are both used very commonly as food,
-all over India. It is in its properties cool and dry, and produces
-costiveness; it is useful in bilious and catarrhal disorders,
-and in foulness of the blood. It is even said to be an antidote
-to poisons. In its taste it is sweet, like that of the Cassela. I
-conceive it hot in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree, and recommend it
-for strengthening the stomach. When used as food it is heavy; but is
-beneficial in complaints having their origin in cold. If twice scalded
-in hot water, before it is boiled, it will cause less thirst; and if
-boiled in milk, or whey, it becomes less heating. A decoction of the
-leaves is recommended as a wash for the mouth, in cases of toothache,
-and diseases of the teeth. P. Shakool.
-
-32 Aord, or Aort, or Mash..--vide M. (Phaseolus Max.)
-
-33 Arne'.--The wild buffaloe. Its flesh recommended in
-Marasmus. P. Gowmeche Serhaie.
-
-34 Arnd.--"The Castor, Ricinus communis, W. Palma Christi." Wildenow
-says, "Planta semper annua, nunquam fructicosa vel arborea, nec in
-calidissimis terrÊ plagis liguescit." But this is incorrect; for the
-plant is perennial, and becomes a moderate sized tree. The natives,
-however, have a prejudice against allowing it to grow beyond 3 or
-4 years, and even this is only in solitary places. The chief reason
-I fancy is, that it interferes with the cultivation of the soil, if
-permitted to remain. They usually sow it with grain, and reap the grain
-crop before it has attained its full height; this they can do annually,
-but seed sown under its shelter the second year, would not succeed.
-
-A shrub, with broad soft leaves, like the fig tree; it grows about 6
-or 8 feet in height; the root is hollow, and without flaw or wrinkle;
-the seed grows in bunches like grapes, and the shell of the pod,
-which resembles gall-nuts, is covered with soft prickles. The seed is
-like the coffee bean, and is stained with different colored spots,
-so as to appear like marbled paper; the kernel is white, soft, and
-oleaginous. There are two kinds of this; one with a red, the other
-with a green pod; the former is culled Jongia Arnde; both varieties
-are sweet, heating, and heavy. The oil of the kernel is useful in
-removing obstinate constrictions of the intestines, when given warm;
-also in flatulency; rheumatic swellings of the joints and lumbago;
-in strangury, spasms in the urinary bladder, headaches, dropsy, and
-feverish complaints. It is also recommended as an expectorant in
-difficulty of breathing, and in cough; in affections of the skin,
-and in superabundance of mucus in the intestines. It is a warm,
-stimulating purgative; the dose one or two table spoonsful. Both
-my father, uncle, and I, have used it with great success, in cases
-of obstinate cholic from costiveness. They also used the leaves
-moistened with ghee, as an external application in rheumatic pains
-and swellings. If the seeds are bruised, and mixed with curdled milk,
-and allowed to remain in this state till they become putrid, they form
-an excellent application for the cure of itch, and usually succeed
-in 7 or 8 days. It has also been said, that if one of the kernels
-be taken at first, and daily increased by one, till 100 are taken,
-and then decreased in the same gradual manner, it will cure Juzam,
-and other kinds of Leprosy.
-
-35 Arusa.--A name for the Baan Tree; vide Bansa. In the
-Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described:--Arusa is a medicine of
-Hindoostan, hot and moist, or in the opinion of some writers,
-cool and moist, in the 2d degree: half an ounce of the juice,
-with as much honey, is a cure for hoarseness, or loss of voice;
-and used with the fruit of the Peepul tree, it increases appetite,
-and corrects mucous discharges. A decoction of the leaves in water,
-is useful in Jaundice, difficulty of breathing, Gonorrhoea, and hectic
-fever. As a gargle it strengthens the gums; and the leaves bruised,
-and taken in honey or water, cure Epistaxis, Hoematemesis, Nausea,
-Vertigo, and Suppression of the menses.
-
-36 Arjun.--A tree, also the fruit; hot and astringent; useful in
-bilious affections, and in prostration of strength from fatigue, and an
-antidote to poisons. Its use is interdicted in disorders arising from
-cold; also in ulcers: but externally applied it cleanseth foul sores,
-and promotes healthy granulation. It prolongs Aphrodisia, strengthens
-the system, and expedites the union of divided parts. Some physicians
-call it cooling. Pentaptera Arjuna.
-
-37 Arloo, Catoombura, or Sheunag,.--The name of a tree, a native
-of the hills; it is pungent, beneficial in loosening phlegm, and
-promoting appetite; it produces costiveness, and is vermifuge, and
-recommended in Juzam. It is an ingredient in the Dusmool.
-
-38 Arvie, or Arum Colocasia,.--A root and seed. It is about 3 inches
-long, more or less, and when the outer rind is removed it is white. Its
-stem is about 3 feet in height; its leaves large like a shield,
-with the points reflected; in consistence and polish it is like
-the plaintain leaf. It is also called Cutchaloo, but the different
-names are only applied with propriety to different parts of the same
-root; the Cutchaloo being more like a Byngun or Egg-plant. They are
-both in general use in India. The Arvie is dressed with meat, and
-the Cutchaloo is roasted; the leaves and shoots are also commonly
-eaten. Its properties, I can declare from experience, are in a small
-degree cool; and it is useful in giving strength to the system;
-prevents the involuntary emission of semen; it produces wind, and is
-heavy and hurtful to the throat Its corrector is acids, and being
-repeatedly washed in water. The Cutchaloo is the most powerful,
-and the most hurtful of the two kinds. A. Culdass, at least it is
-so stated; but in the Yunani works, there is a material difference;
-as the Culdass is described, therefore, it is doubtful to me whether
-they are one and the same.
-
-39 Armeede,.--A kind of cucumber.
-
-40 Aorde Gunta.--A kind of Satawur.
-
-41 Aistullkund.--The name of a root; also called Gir‡mkund; also a
-variety of the medicine Maankund: it promotes phlegm, and corrects
-bile and wind; it is also useful in foulness of the blood and general
-swellings. The other kind is useful in foulness of blood, and in
-bilious affections; it is sweet, cool, and heavy. It is likewise
-called IstolÈkund.
-
-42 Asperuck.--A name for AklÈel ul Mulk.
-
-43 Asgund.--Physalis flexuosa. A very common white root, also
-called Asgund'h, about half a yard long, like the sweet potatoe,
-(Convolvulus batatas.) When thin and dry, it resembles the Sh˙k·kul
-mysrie, (carrot;) its leaves are very like those of the kuth, (Mimosa
-catechu,) but rather less. It grows about a yard along the ground; its
-taste is astringent and bitter; it is hot, and strengthens the powers
-of virility; removes bilious and mucous affections; is beneficial in
-general swellings, and white leprosy.
-
-Some give this name to the Kaknej, or Winter Cherry. In the
-Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described. Asgund is a medicine of
-Hindoostan; the best sort of which is procurable at Nagour. It is hot
-and dry in the 1st degree. The people of India use in its stead, the
-Soorinjan, (the Hermodactylus.) It is especially beneficial in pains of
-the joints. The root, when arrived at perfection, has a strong scent of
-the horse; from which circumstance it has in India, derived its name;
-Asp, signifying the horse, and Gund, smell: it is also called Bajecund.
-
-If 3 drachms of the root be boiled in 2 pounds of cow's milk, and 1
-ounce of sugar mixed with it, and this taken for 14 days, it increases
-peculiar secretions, and improves the complexion.
-
-44 Asphill.--Padmunie, a variety of Kunwul. The Lotus, (NymphÊa
-Nelumbo,) which is produced on dry land. It is sweet, bitterish,
-and cool; is useful in vomiting, Diarrhoea, and foulness of the blood.
-
-45 Astull.--Bunt‡ki, a name for Buratha; it means a large Byngun,
-or Egg-fruit; the plant being the same.
-
-46 Aspurka.--Cool and light; promotes peculiar secretions, and
-is useful in various disorders: it removes offensive exhalations;
-moderates profuse sweats; is beneficial in dropsy; restores strength;
-cures emaciation; and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-47 Aoshire.--Kuss kuss. Ooseer? Andropogon muricatum, Koenig. A
-name for Kuss kuss. In the Dara Shekoi, it is called Aosire, and is
-described as the root of the grass kuss, with which houses are made
-cool in the hot weather. It is cool, and assists digestion, cures
-laxity of the bowels, and is useful in bilious affections, foulness
-of blood, and superabundance of mucus; allays thirst, is a grateful
-application to blistered parts, or where much heat is experienced;
-beneficial in difficulty of voiding urine, in boils and eruptions,
-and prolongs aphrodisia.
-
-48 Asteghoon.--An article of food, made by mixing one part of Moong,
-with two parts of rice, boiling them together, and pouring off the
-water, with which is to be mixed rock salt, assafoetida, coriander,
-ginger, and peepul. This is an excellent drink in fevers, in bilious
-affections, and foulness of the blood; it increases appetite, and
-clears, and gives tone to the kidnies and bladder.
-
-49 Apheem.--(Papaver somniferum.) Of this there are four kinds;
-the 1st, which is white, is called Chaarun, (promoting digestion;)
-the 2d, Maarun, is black; the 3d yellow, and the 4th, of all these
-colours mixed, called Saarun. Its properties are well known, and
-fully detailed in all Yunani works on medicine.
-
-50 Aginmunt.--Agwunt. Names of Arnee; q. vide.
-
-51 Agust.--(∆schynomene Grandiflora.) A tree, cool and dry, producing
-flatulence, curing bile, foulness of blood, and mucus; also fever. Its
-flowers beneficial in improving the sense of smelling, and in night
-blindness.
-
-52 Akroat.--Vide Akhroat.
-
-53 Akirkirra.--or Akirkirrh‡, (Dranculus.) In Yunani works called
-discutient and alternant.
-
-"Anthemis Pyrethrum, Linn. Pelletory of Spain, Ainslie. Off. The
-Root. Pyrethre, (F.) Eaher Wustrell, (G.) Akk·r·c·rum, (Tam.) Powerful
-stimulant, useful as a sialagogue, to excite an increased flow of
-saliva; hence useful in headache, rheumatism of the face, toothache,
-in paralysis of the tongue and muscles of the throat."
-
-54 Agur.--Dry and light, useful in affections of the eyes; it also
-promotes the secretion of bile. A. Oodh.
-
-55 Agunie Char.--Pungent and very hot. In rheumatic affections of
-the chest, Soonpat from mucus, and rheumatic pains in the joints,
-it is highly beneficial. This medicine is the produce of the western
-provinces of India; and the best kind is red, and feels hot to the
-touch; it is found by the sides of rivers.
-
-56 Akasbele.--Cuscuta reflexa, a name for Afteemoon, (Dodder of Thyme.)
-
-57 Alsi.--"Linum Usitatissimum, W. Atasi, S. Tesi, H. Emollient
-and demulcent." Grows about 1 1/2 foot high; its leaves are
-thin, and its flower of the color of Lapis lazuli. In India it is
-supposed to decrease the secretion of semen, and to weaken sight;
-it is hot, and said to be discutient; it is useful in phlegm from
-cold. A. Buzz˙rkatan.
-
-58 Aoloo.--The owl. Those who eat its flesh may expect to be deprived
-of all reasoning faculties, with loss of memory. It produces much wind,
-and is called in Persian, Boom.
-
-The women of India frequently give it to their husbands, that by the
-mental weakness it produces, they may obtain more liberty of conduct
-than might otherwise be agreeable.
-
-59 Alaechee.--A. Kakla. "Amomum Cardamomum, Wild. Amomum Repens,
-Wood, vol. II. p. 356." It is of two kinds, and very common. The
-tree is very large, its leaves resemble those of the sugar cane, of
-the length of a man; it is very fragrant, and both kinds are nearly
-alike in properties. The physicians of India call it moderately cool,
-aromatic, and bitter; and that it is useful in bilious affections,
-rheumatic complaints, and superabundance of mucus; it is likewise
-said to decrease Aphrodisia, and to be prejudicial in affections of
-the chest The large kind possesses all these properties in a greater
-degree than the small; "the latter is called the Guzerattee Alaechee."
-
-60 Alta.--A name for the Lac colour.
-
-61 Amulbedh.--Called also Amulbenth, a very acid fruit of India;
-the tree much resembles the lime tree, but is rather larger. It is so
-very acid, that it will, in a few minutes, dissolve a needle, or small
-shell. It is light and aperient; improves decayed appetite; is cardiac;
-removes visceral obstructions, and increases all the secretions. I
-have been accustomed to take out part of the pulp of the fruit,
-and to fill the empty space with such medicines as assist digestion,
-and correct disorders of the digestive organs, in a pounded state,
-and allowing the fruit, thus medicated, to dry, and using it under
-the title of Amulbedh. It is brought in quantities from Jeynugger,
-and Ruttunboil. A spurious sort of this is made from the large lemon,
-and sold in its stead. I have found it useful in promoting digestion,
-giving relief in rheumatism, and as an aperient (Amul means acid.)
-
-62 Amulchangerie.--An acid fruit, from a plant of India, called
-Changerie, much resembling the In-ubassaleb, (Nightshade,) and grows
-about 8 inches high, or more, and is about as much expanded. Its
-properties are hot, light, and stomachic; it promotes digestion, and
-is beneficial in Piles and Juzam; it cures laxities of the bowels,
-and decreases all the secretions, except bile.
-
-63 Amlie.--Tamarindus Indicus. A large tree; the fruit and leaves off
-it are very small, growing from both sides of a centre stem; they close
-up at night, and are expanded during the day. The fruit resembles a
-bean-pod, bent in the centre, and usually less than 8 inches in length;
-it bends so as to assume the figure of a semi-circle, but often not so
-much. The Author of the Book Tophut-ul-Momeneen, describes the tree as
-resembling the Pomegranate tree; but I suspect he had never seen it. It
-is acid and heavy, removes flatulence, but increases bile and blood.
-
-When ripe, it is laxative, promotes appetite, and is beneficial
-in oppression after meals. It is dry, light, cardiac, and restores
-prostration of strength from fatigue. It removes nausea, giddiness,
-thirst, and general heat. Sherbet prepared from it, should it agree
-with the stomach, is preferable to any other, and prevents the noxious
-influence of the hot winds on the system. The kind which is red, ought
-to be chosen for preserves, and it possesses all the properties of
-the fresh fruit. The flowers of the tamarind eat with meat, increase
-its flavor; they also prevent accumulation of bile, are aperient,
-and increase appetite; but they are improper when acidity prevails
-in the stomach.
-
-64 Amrutphull.--A name given to the sweet lime. Vide Rajeneemb.
-
-65 Ambarae.--A fruit, the produce of the hills, large and acid.
-
-66 Amarbele.--A name for Afteemoon (Dodder Thyme.)
-
-67 Amroude.--(Guava.) An Indian fruit resembling the pear. It is full
-of small seeds, and is of an unpleasant smell; its tree resembles the
-mulberry, but is smaller; the leaves are like the leaf of the mangoe,
-green, with a tinge of red, and the veins of the leaf are strongly
-marked. The fruit is pendant, and its shape pyramidal. It is also
-called Suffryam, "Psidium pyriferum." It strengthens the stomach,
-produces costiveness, and is astringent. I have given it with good
-effect in laxities of the bowels.
-
-68 Amratuck.--The name of a culinary vegetable.
-
-69 Amultas.--Called also Kurwara. "Cassia Fistula, W. Sauvernaca,
-S. Casse, F. Rohnkassie, G. The pulp of its fruit laxative." Its
-flowers are dressed, and eaten with meat; and it has the virtue of
-giving it additional flavor, and loosening the bowels.
-
-70 Ananass.--Called also Kutel Sufrie, (The Pineapple,) for this
-reason, that if the plant is carried along with a person proceeding on
-a journey, it will produce fruit. It is about the size of the large
-lime, called Turunje; its color yellow, tinged with red; its surface
-is irregular, and covered with small prickles; its smell like that of
-the mangoe, and very pleasant; the whole plant, including the fruit,
-is about a yard in height; the leaves have serrated edges, and the
-fruit grows perpendicular. On the top of the stem there is a bunch
-of leaves growing from the top of the fruit, which if broken off,
-and planted, is reproductive. It bears fruit only once, and only one
-fruit at a time. I have not seen its properties noticed in any work,
-but the people of India call it cooling. It was first described by
-Abul Fuzul, in the Ayen Akberry; and this was afterwards copied by the
-Author of the Dhara Shekoih, from which others have copied it. Part
-of this description I have copied, and from my own observation have
-added the remainder. In my opinion it is hot in a small degree, and
-moist in the 2d degree. Its use is grateful to the system, and it gives
-strength to the intellectual powers, also tone to the stomach. It is
-injurious to the throat, to the solids, to respiration, and to the
-intestines; but its corrector is sugar, and if it be sliced, put in
-rose water to which sugar is added, and allowed to stand for some time,
-its beneficial properties are increased, while its injurious qualities
-are prevented or corrected. A preserve made from it, is excellent, and
-is used with stews and Pilau, as giving them great additional relish.
-
-72 Ambeloona.--A fruit of Hindoostan, acid and astringent, cool and
-producing costiveness, beneficial in mucus and bile; also in carbuncle,
-and other tumors and affections of the throat.
-
-73 Ambegool or Angool, or Ambegooda; called also Inderain Soorkh. (Vide
-the next article.) A plant whose taste is bitter and astringent;
-it is hot and moist, light and purgative, beneficial in flatulence,
-mucus, and general swellings. It is vermifuge, and removes pains
-in the bowels. It is an antidote to poisons, and removes disorders
-produced by indigestion. The fruit of the plant is sweet and cool,
-heavy and purgative, useful in affections from wind, bile, and
-disorders of the blood; it removes general heat, and is beneficial in
-Marasmus. It decreases the seminal secretion, increases mucus, and
-strengthens the system. Nourdi Mahommed says, that in the epidemic
-carbuncle which affects the armpit or throat, this fruit is given
-with more success than any other medicine; and that one fruit given
-internally, and another applied to the part, will cure the disease,
-should there be any stamina remaining in the system. He also says,
-that if ten pounds of this fruit be steeped for a week in Anula
-water, taken out and dried, put into a mill, and the oil expressed,
-and this oil introduced into the nose for 8 days successively, white
-hair will become black. He writes much more respecting its virtues;
-but as I have had no experience of them, and cannot vouch for the
-effect, I forbear to transcribe them.
-
-74 Inderain.--"Cucumis Colocynthus. Wild Gourd. Bitter cucumber. It is
-said by Thunberg to be rendered so perfectly mild, by being pickled,
-as to be used as food at the Cape of Good Hope." The fruit of a plant
-like the small melon, and very bitter; the plant too resembles that
-of the melon, and in Persian it is called the bitter melon. There
-are two kinds of this, one I have already described under the head
-of the preceding article. Both are bitter, powerful, hot, light, and
-purgative; a cure for Jaundice, useful in bilious and mucous affection,
-diseases of the spleen, dropsy and fever: they are also vermifuge.
-
-In menstrual suppression the following is said to be effectual.
-
-Of the root of Inderain Soorkh 1 pice weight, pepper 14 grains in
-number; bruise, and give in water: effectual in two or three days.
-
-Also the following is used by the natives; bitter Toombric seed,
-Jawakhar, Goor, Mynphill, in equal parts, mixed with the milk of the
-prickly pear, and formed into a tent; applied to the Os Uteri for 3
-days, it will produce fever.
-
-75 Anderjow.--"Nerium Anti-dysentericum, Echites Anti-dysenterica,
-(Roxb. MS.) Curaya, H. Cutaja, S." A large tree, with leaves like the
-almond tree; it produces a fruit long and broad, which grow separate
-from each other. The fruit contains a number of seeds, rather longer
-than those of the melon, and resembling a bird's tongue. The pulp
-of the fruit is of a yellowish white, but the seeds are red. Its
-properties are bitter, pungent, cool, and astringent. It cures
-flatulence, bile, and fever, is vermifuge, and is useful in piles,
-and beneficial in that kind of carbuncle the matter of which is
-infectious: there are two kinds of this, a bitter and a sweet sort:
-of these, the bitter is to be preferred. In Hemorrhoids, where much
-blood is discharged, if taken in the quantity of half a tolah daily,
-in cold water, for eight days, the cure will be accomplished. The bark
-of the tree, taken in cold water, will remove laxities of the bowels.
-
-76 Anar.--A name for Darim, q. vide. "Punica Granatum."
-
-77 Aunalie.--A name for Shakakool, (Wild Carrot.)
-
-78 Ambaray.--or Ambara, a vegetable used by the poorer classes,
-resembling Sunn (hemp.) When young, it is hot, heavy, and promotes
-appetite; it is useful in flatulence, and loosens the belly: when
-ripe it is sweet and cool, and increases seminal secretion. In the
-Dunterie it is written, that it is oleaginous and astringent.
-
-79 Ankaloon.--The name of a salt called also Oodoobudh. Vide Loon.
-
-80 Anbertasung.--A name for Sungbusserie.
-
-81 Angud.--The name for Hungoot, q. vide.
-
-82 Anjeer.--Ficus Carica. The Fig. A common fruit. Its virtues are
-fully pointed out in Persian works. Another variety, called Anjeer
-Deshtee, (Adam's fig,) Keonberrie. Some writers call the fig hot,
-others describe it as cool, like the Goolur.
-
-83 Aaont.--The Camel. The flesh is sweet to the taste, and light;
-it increases the strength of vision and dispels flatulence, kills
-larvÊ in the stomach, useful in piles, and increases bile and mucus:
-in P. Shootur.
-
-84 Aoode Belao.--Lutre Lutreola, (Shaw.) The Otter? An animal, named
-also Kunduss, called in P. Saqeabi. Its scrotum is called Jeunel
-bedesther. Its properties fully related in all Yunani publications.
-
-85 Aoont Kutara.--A prickly shrub, about a yard high; both leaves and
-branches are full of prickles, and its flowers are yellow; its fruit
-round, and also full of prickles. It is bitter and pungent, useful
-in phlegm and cough, also wind; increases bile, and is diuretic;
-it promotes digestion, and increases the strength of the system. If
-the fresh root be cut into small pieces, and the oil extracted from
-it by heat, and this oil to the quantity of one masha, rubbed over a
-plaintain leaf, and externally applied, it will increase Aphrodisia,
-and lengthen its duration. This oil, applied to the parts, will restore
-strength. Its application will also remove an offensive effluvia from
-the axillÊ. Echinops Echinatus, (Roxb.)
-
-86 Aoonk.--A plant, a yard or more in height, whose leaves are about 2
-inches in breadth, and hard like the leaves of the Mocao; its flower
-is prickly, and its seed very small, even smaller than the Powar,
-which it resembles. There are two kind: the branches of one red,
-the other white; both bitter, and promoters of digestion, decreasing
-mucus and wind, removing flatulent swellings in the stomach or bowels,
-and pains therein; useful in piles and Psora.
-
-87 Ahmlee.--Called also Buzuroolreshad.
-
-88 Aegoor.--Powerfully astringent and bitter, easy of
-digestion, beneficial in disorders of blood, bile, mucus, and
-also in Juzam, an antidote to poison, and strengthening eye
-sight. P. Shingirff. (Cinnabar?)
-
-89 Aechill.--The name of a reed.
-
-90 Aent.--(Brick.) In P. Khysht. When the seminal secretion is too
-thin, this is given with success; the older kind is preferred in
-medicine. In the Tophutul Momeneen and other works, its virtues
-are described.
-
-91 Padill.--Sometimes called Patill, and another kind denominated
-Kashta Padill or Kut Padill. Of this also there is another kind,
-but as the properties of all are the same, I have not particularly
-distinguished them from each other. It is the flower of an Indian tree,
-which in size is equal to the Mangoe or Jamin, its pod is 1 1/2 feet
-long, and 4 fingers in breadth, formed of different layers, and lined
-with a soft cottony substance. The seed resembles that of the Seriss
-tree, and its taste is astringent, sweet, and its properties mixed,
-cool and hot. It is beneficial in swellings of a general nature, in
-foulness of the blood, in difficulty of breathing, in thirst, nausea,
-and loss of appetite. Its flowers correct all the natural secretions,
-and remove bilious laxity of the bowels, and heartburn. The pod
-relieves hiccup, and corrects bilious and mucous secretions; some
-have described its properties as cool, and the Dhuntri recommends
-the first kind, as the one to be preferred for internal use.
-
-92 Pa·.--Sulphur Zinci, a name for Zaje Suffed. It resembles the
-Shibbi Yemani, but of a more yellow tinge, and less transparent,
-but its pungency and astringency greater; placed in the fire it
-becomes sublimed; its nature hot and dry. If a cloth is wetted with
-its solution, and allowed to dry, and then placed in the vagina,
-it dries the part, and lessens its diameter.
-
-93 Beekhbans or Beedjbans.--A kind of green bamboo, shot as arrows
-by the Nepaulese, and which poison the wound they inflict.
-
-94 Bansa.--Called also Pi·bansa. Some say that it is the name of the
-Baadawurd tree; however this may be, it is the name of a very common
-tree, found in plains and waste places; it grows about the height of
-a man, more or less; has spreading branches, which grow out of its
-stem even to the root: its leaves are thin, small, and pointed, when
-the tree is young; but they increase in size as the tree grows, and
-become like those of the Jamin. Its flowers are white, with prickles
-on their stalk. The other kind called Pia Bansa has colored flowers.
-
-It increases wind, and clears the throat; it removes disorders of
-bile, mucus, or blood, cough, difficulty of breathing, nausea, fever,
-seminal weakness, juzam, and marasmus. A tooth-brush made of its wood,
-materially strengthens the gums and teeth, and of this many have had
-experience. It strengthens the system, darkens the color of the hair,
-cures the itch, and is an antidote to poison. In its nature it is hot,
-and is useful in eruptions of the skin and leprosy.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, that with the yellow flowers, is called
-Pia Bansa, and the tree is said to be about a yard high, with long
-leaves, hot, cool, and dry in an equal degree; a decoction of the
-root is beneficial as a gargle in toothache, or with the addition of
-the leaves, as a gargle in ptyalism.
-
-95 Baluka.--Cucumis Madraspatanus. A species of Kitcherie; it is
-also called Kootoombur. Phoont is likewise a variety of this, and
-is in Persian named DustoombaÛyÈ. When unripe, its taste is sweet;
-it is cool, and heavy, removes eruptions of the skin from bile,
-and when ripe, it is hot, light, aperient, creating appetite, and bile.
-
-96 Palewut.--Also Palook, a medicine of India. The first is sweet,
-hot, and cool, in an equal degree; it is heavy, and corrects bile and
-wind. The second kind, also called Malook, is sweeter than the first,
-and in all its properties resembling Padill, except that it produces
-less thirst.
-
-97 Baraykund or KeetkuroÛdh, or Subbuzkund.--The produce of a wet
-or moist soil. Its capsule is thick and hard; it is sweet, bitter,
-pungent, and increases the powers of manhood, and generally strengthens
-the system; it increases bile, but removes a superabundance of
-phlegm or wind. It is vermifuge, and useful in seminal weakness. Its
-leaves used as greens, create appetite, improve the complexion,
-and are beneficial in Juzam. I have ascertained from several books
-of Hindoostan, that it is a species of Russain, and that Barayokand
-and Bedareekund are one and the same plant; but some books state
-the contrary.
-
-98 BanjkakÛra.--A medicine of India, of a light nature, beneficial in
-mucous affections, antidote to poison, useful in boils and wounds,
-also in sores; called in Persian Khora. One kind of this bears no
-fruit, hence its name Banja.
-
-99 Pakur.--A large tree, beautiful in appearance, as large as the
-Jamin. The leaves also resemble the Jamin, but broader, longer,
-and thicker; its fruit is yellow, and when ripe, like the apple,
-but when small, it is more like the peach; it is cooling, and cures
-boils, eruptions of the skin, and is effectual in mucous and bilious
-affections, it also allays swelling in wounds. The fruit bears the
-same name; it is acid, its sherbet cardiac, promotes appetite, and
-decreases bile. By some called Pakull.
-
-100 Panee Amluk.--A medicine of Hindoostan, hot and heavy; it cures
-flatulency, and when ripe, it increases the bilious and mucous
-secretions.
-
-101 Paadae.--Pungent and bitter, hot and light, cures wind, bile,
-Juzam, and fever; vomiting, dropsy, affections of the heart, general
-heat, itch, disorders from poison, difficulty of breathing, and is
-vermifuge. It also cures Badgola, boils and eruptions of the skin,
-and removes laxities of the bowels.
-
-102 Babchee or Bakchee, an Indian medicine, the seed of which is
-black; it is beneficial in every kind of leprosy, and in every pain
-of the stomach; it is used both internally and externally. I have
-used 2 mashas of this, with other appropriate medicines, infused in
-water for a night, strained and given as a drink to those affected
-with white leprosy, and other affections of the same nature; and have
-used the strained refuse externally, with the greatest success. It is
-pungent and aromatic, hot and dry in the 3d deg. light and cardiac,
-creates appetite, and cures affections of bile and mucus; but is
-prejudicial to the eyesight, and lessens the seminal secretion.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad it is written, that Babchee is a seed about
-the size of gram, or rather less, of a dark color, and aromatic flavor,
-hot and dry in a small degree, cures wind, mucus, and Juzam; the itch
-and other eruptions of the skin when discoloration or ulceration
-takes place, and all complaints arising from foulness of blood. In
-Acouta, or that scaly leprous eruption that is often met with, it
-is very effectual, the part being first moistened with mustard oil,
-and the powder of the seed sprinkled over its surface.
-
-"Tried in Lepra without effect, both in substance and in infusion,
-in 1818.--Translator."
-
-103 Paperie.--A name for Shumshad, cool, and brightens the complexion,
-and is useful in mucous and bilious complaints.
-
-104 Babur.--Called by some Nagbo, and also Badrouje.
-
-105 Barasinga.--Cervus Elaphus. Called so from its many branched horns;
-it is about the size of a small cow, and is also called Thunkur
-or Eal. Its meat is sweet to the taste, and heavy; it increases
-Aphrodisia, cures wind, bile, and mucus. The horns rubbed down in
-water, and applied externally, cure rheumatic and other pains.
-
-106 Parba.--Cervus Porcinus. Very common in the upper parts of India;
-its properties I have never seen noticed in any Indian publication. I
-have met with a description of another kind of deer, Cheetul, and in
-my opinion they are nearly alike in their properties; the flesh of
-both easy of digestion, quickly increasing the volume of blood and
-bulk of the solids; it is without fibres, hot and somewhat dry.
-
-107 Bander.--Monkey. The flesh is beneficial in flatulencies,
-difficulty of breathing, and Jaundice, and is vermifuge; in P. Bozeena.
-
-108 Baag.--In P. Sher. The Tiger. Its flesh is hot, and cures
-affections from wind, and complaints of the eyes. Its milk, mixed
-with Soorma, is an excellent application in that disease of the eye
-called Mootiabin. My grandfather experienced its good effects in his
-own case in the cure of this disease.
-
-109 Palug.--A much esteemed kind of culinary vegetable
-(Spinnach.) A. Isphanach: cool and heavy, laxative, producing wind
-and mucus, as also swelling of the abdomen. It is beneficial in
-difficulty of breathing, and eruptions from bile. Some say that it
-produces intoxication in a small degree, but this I have not found
-to be the case.
-
-110 Paan.--Aromatic, bitter, astringent, hot, and aperient. ("Piper
-Betel, Lin. Warm juice, febrifuge; given in indigestion in children,
-and combined with musk in Hysteria.") It creates appetite and agreeable
-sensations; it also increases semen, and is aphrodisiac. It cures
-disorders of wind, mucus, and of the blood; corrects vitiated breath,
-preserves the gums, clears the blood, is useful in prostration of
-strength from fatigue, and cures nervous head-aches. Its juice
-is beneficial in giving tone to the stomach and heart, and it
-promotes digestion. It corrects a cold temperament, cures cholicky
-disorders, and pains of the bowels, and this I have repeatedly found
-by experience. In my own opinion, and in the opinion of every Yunani
-writer whom I have consulted, (with the exception of Shaik Boo Alli,)
-it is hot; but the physicians of Hindoostan very generally agree
-with the Shaik. Those of a hot temperament, who use much of this
-plant, are subject to eruptions of the mouth, and fissures in the
-tongue. Its correctors are almonds and the kernel of the cocoa-nut,
-but the former is to be preferred, and the addition of the almond
-increases its effects on the mental powers.
-
-The distilled water of Paan, as described below, is recommended
-for correcting a melancholic temperament, strengthening the stomach
-and circulation, removing spasms in the stomach, creating appetite,
-correcting flatulence, and loosening phlegm.
-
-Take flowers of Bugloss 5 scruples, rose leaves 6 drachms, cloves
-13 scruples, Paan 4 ounces, distilled water of Bugloss two pounds,
-rose water 6 pounds: distil, and give as a dose from one to four
-drachms. Another: take of cinnamon 13 scruples, Indian Spikenard and
-Galangal, each 14 1/2 scruples; Bugloss, Soad Kufah, and dried mint,
-each 19 scruples; rose leaves and cloves each 24 scruples; anise seed
-(Nancha), and another kind called Rajiana, and sweet-scented flag
-of Toorkistan, each 19 scruples; Paan 50 leaves or more, good rose
-water 15 pounds: distil. The dose to be regulated by the temperament
-of the patient.
-
-Another: take of Indian leaf (Tezpat), 1/2 a pound; cloves, Indian
-Spikenard, and anise seed (Nancha), each 4 ounces, good Paan 200
-leaves; bruise all the ingredients, and let them remain in infusion
-for 24 hours in 20 pounds of water, then draw off by distillation 14
-pounds: the dose will be from 8 to 10 scruples given after meals.
-
-Another: take of cloves, Oodghoorkee, each 13 scruples; reduce both to
-a coarse powder; flowers of Bugloss, raspings of white Sandal wood,
-each 5 1/2 scruples; Bugloss, rose leaves and Indian leaf, each 4
-ounces; white Paan 100 leaves, rose water 8 pounds, distilled anise
-seed water 4 pounds; infuse 24 hours in the heated liquids, and draw
-off by distillation 8 pounds.
-
-111 Pariss Peepul.--Called also Palass Peepul, (Hibiscus populneoides,
-Roxb.)
-
-112 Para, or Parud, (as it is called in Sanscrit,) Mercury. It
-is hot, gives strength to the eyesight, is useful in Juzam, and is
-vermifuge. A. Zeebuck. P. Seemab. It is very generally used throughout
-India, in many ways, both in its native and prepared state; but in
-the latter we ought to be very cautious, for it is seldom sufficiently
-killed, or removed from its native state, in which it is a dangerous
-drug. One grain or two grains, or even a little more, is taken for
-a dose, and in some cases with success. Cups are also made of it,
-from which milk is drank; they possess this virtue, that a greater
-quantity of milk may be taken in this way than in any other. It is
-said, that if a little Mercury be tied up in a cloth, and boiled in
-milk, that the milk will have an aphrodisiac property. Should any one
-have taken live Mercury, and the result be, that he is attacked with
-Juzam, or other leprous affection, let him take the whole of an Indigo
-plant, and cutting it in small pieces, let it be boiled in a large
-quantity of water; then straining it, drink a cupful of the water
-very frequently, till all is taken, and till then eat no food. All
-the Mercury will in the course of the day be evacuated per urethra,
-and if the whole does not make its escape the first day, the treatment
-must be repeated. If the urine be received into a brass vessel, or
-any other with a polished surface, the Mercury will be detected; many
-people having been in this predicament, have followed this advice,
-and found the result to be as I have stated it.
-
-In a state of calcination, if it is mixed with strong vinegar, or lime
-juice, and afterwards dried, if no live Mercury appears it is good;
-otherwise it is dangerous. Others have said, that if mixed and rubbed
-with the juice of the radish leaf, till they are incorporated, and
-then a little lime juice poured over it, and again rubbed and dried,
-it will be fit for use; and the less live Mercury that is perceptible,
-the less dangerous it is.
-
-To make cups and balls of Mercury, triturate the Mercury well with
-pounded bricks, in an iron pot, moistening the mixture with water;
-wash the whole in water, and strain through a moderately fine cloth,
-till the Mercury becomes perfectly clear like a looking glass. Take
-equal parts of this purified quicksilver, rock salt, and sulphate of
-copper, and put them into an iron pot, with strong vinegar or lime
-juice, and let the whole be well triturated for 7 or 8 hours, when the
-compound will appear like butter; wash this well in water, that the
-salt and sulphate be carried off, and the Mercury left behind; take
-this Mercury and coat over the outside of an unburnt earthen vessel
-or cup, till it shall be well covered and appear like Mercury; place
-this in a dish filled with lime juice, and let it remain for a week,
-then take it out and place it in the sun to dry and harden; when quite
-hard, it may be used in this way, or it may be filled with water and
-kept so, till the clay becomes soft enough to be separated from the
-quicksilver. Milk drank from this cup will have an aphrodisiac quality,
-and will increase appetite. For the formation of this cup, 9 or 10
-tolahs of quicksilver will be requisite, and for the balls one tolah.
-
-The Balls.--When the ingredients above-mentioned have, from long
-trituration, acquired the consistence of butter, balls may be formed of
-the composition in a fine cloth, and allowed to remain for 7 days in
-lime juice; then take them out and throw them into a boiling decoction
-of the Dhatura leaves, allowing it to be well boiled. The balls are
-then to be taken out of the cloth and preserved for use.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad it is said, that if a small parcel of Mercury
-be boiled in soup, made from the Bis-Copra, it will become hard.
-
-113 Baboona, or Marehtee: Anthemis Chamomile; a common flower, Akhgwan.
-
-114 Bans.--A. Russub. P. Ney. Its leaves like those of the Joowar,
-when they are young; it is cool and a little astringent, beneficial in
-dysuria, gonorrhÊa, piles, in stomach complaints, bilious disorders,
-and those of the blood, in cholicky pains from flatulence. Some say,
-that it increases the secretion of bile. A preserve is made from
-the young shoots which is much esteemed, and is useful in promoting
-appetite and giving tone to the stomach, correcting an increased
-secretion of bile or phlegm. The young shoots are first cut into small
-pieces, and steeped in salt and water; then dried, and afterwards put
-into the vinegar or other acid, in which it is to be preserved. The
-root of the bamboo in equal parts, with Judw·r (Zedoary), and Suronjan
-(Hermodactylis), applied externally, I have found very effectual
-in removing pains from the joints. The oil expressed from the fresh
-joints of the plants, is also very beneficial in pains of the joints
-and other rheumatic affections. Mention is made of this oil in the
-Hajul Umeer and Ejale na·f, works written by me.
-
-The joints of the bamboo are very useful as a diuretic, and they also
-are effectual in producing abortion, and made into a decoction with
-Cassia fistula, are recommended for recorrecting and stopping the
-discharge after such an occurrence.
-
-115 Badgan Khutay.--No account having been given of this in any of
-the Yunani works, it is left for me to give a description of it. It
-is a seed of a dark red color, the capsule resembles the stone of
-the tamarind, but is more thin and pointed, and a little open; it is
-used as an infusion with tea; it is hot, strengthens the stomach; is
-discutient, removes flatulence, and the tea corrects any bad effects
-that it may possess.
-
-116 Baremoo.--A name for Dookoo.
-
-117 Barehie.--A name for Zedoary.
-
-118 Patirr.--The Wagtail, called in Yunani, Suffraghoon.
-
-119 Parjath, or Parbhudder, (Bombax heptaphyllum.) The gum useful
-as an expectorant in worms, corpulency, swellings, and wind; it also
-increases certain secretions; the gum is called Moocherriss.
-
-120 Balchur.--A name for Chur (Spikenard).
-
-121 Baeberung.--A seed, black, roundish, and pointed; bitter and
-pungent to the taste, hot and dry, light and cardiac; beneficial in
-itchiness of the stomach, flatulent swellings, dropsy, affections of
-mucus, wind, or worms, and remedies costiveness. A. Birnuk Caboolie.
-
-122 Badjera.--Holcus Spicatum. A common grain; in my opinion hot and
-dry; it strengthens the system and loins; is aphrodisiac, and corrects
-acidity in the stomach, but produces flatulence.
-
-123 Papeyha.--Papeya, Carica Papeya, W. A native of South America, now
-common all over India; milky juice of the unripe fruit, vermifuge;
-dose,--two table spoonfuls in warm milk, afterwards a dose of
-castor-oil.
-
-124 Papieha.--A common green bird; the poets of Hindoostan keep
-numbers of them, and have an idea that the noise they make at night,
-in the rainy season, produces inspiration. Its flesh is useful in
-affection from wind and mucus, and is alone sufficient to remove
-disorders from bile.
-
-125 Papeitha.--"Papita nux, Nux Vomica Serapionis, Faba Indica, or
-Faba Sancti Ignatii, St. Ignatius's Bean, Catalougay, belongs to a
-genus called Ignatia Amara. The above description applies especially
-to the Papeitha, but not to the Nux Vomica, (Cuchila,) which is a
-Strychnos, this is not."
-
-This is a medicine of foreigners, and it is said, that it has been in
-use for the last century; there is no account of it in any books of
-Hindoostan, or in the Yunani works; but in this part of the country
-it is in general use. I have partly taken the present description
-from the books of foreigners, and partly it is the result of my own
-experience. In foreign language, it is called Papita. It is a nut,
-round, more or less so, each weighing about a pice; it is depressed
-in the centre, and of a brown color, some darker than others. Its
-properties are said to be various. If one of the nuts be strung on a
-thread and retained about the person, it is a security against sorcery,
-and the attempted mischief will recoil on the sorcerer. Should any
-one be poisoned and this be administered, the poison will thereby be
-rendered innocent.
-
-Whoever shall keep this constantly about his person, nor noxious wind
-nor evil eye will affect him.
-
-If one retti or two retti weight of this be rubbed down in water and
-taken, it will cure pains in the stomach and cholicks.
-
-It is very beneficial in the disorder called Elaous, also in paralytic
-affections.
-
-In faintings and convulsions, if the teeth are forced open, and a
-little given internally, also the part of the forehead called peshanie
-scarified, and rubbed with a little of the medicine, the senses will
-be restored.
-
-In bites of snakes or the sting of any noxious reptile or insect,
-it is highly beneficial.
-
-The powder of the seed is styptic, and when applied over a wound in
-sufficient quantity to form a cake and bound up, it will stop any
-discharge of blood.
-
-In intermittent fever, if about 4 barley-corns in bulk be given
-before the cold fit, it will render it much less severe, or remove
-it altogether.
-
-In labor, if the pains are not sufficiently effectual, 4 barley-corns
-of this given, will expedite delivery; but if by mistake it be given
-after delivery, it will cause a protrusion of the bowels.
-
-In all laxities of the bowels it is useful. If a seed be allowed to
-remain in the mouth, it will promote the discharge of mucus which
-may oppress the chest, and will relieve acidity in the stomach.
-
-If the nut be cut into slices and fried in sweet oil, the oil will
-form an excellent application to chancres, venereal or other cuticular
-eruptions.
-
-Should any one have swallowed poison and become senseless, this oil
-forced into the throat, if swallowed, will save the patient.
-
-This oil will also have the effect of restoring sensation to parts
-deprived of it, if rubbed externally.
-
-In suppression of the menses, 7 or 8 barley-corns in bulk administered,
-will give relief.
-
-Should a tendon be cut through from a wound, filling the division
-with the powder, will promote adhesion.
-
-A tincture of it in spirits, in the strength of 25 nuts to half a
-pound of spirit, allowed to remain 15 days in the sun, is aphrodisiac,
-in the quantity of 16 liquid grains every night.
-
-I have found this medicine given to the quantity of half a drachm,
-more or less, mixed up into a bolus with rose-water, very beneficial
-in excessive vomiting.
-
-Once my father and I were proceeding on a journey, it happened,
-that some of our people had ate in the morning, of the food prepared
-the night before, which being stale, produced incessant and violent
-vomiting; their sufferings were great, and the color of their bodies
-completely changed. My father having no other medicine with him, except
-this, gave it to them mixed with rose-water, in various proportions,
-with great success.
-
-In unremitting vomiting, it ought to be given twice, when it will
-assuredly be successful.
-
-126 Babool, vide Keekur. Acacia Arabica, W.
-
-127 Papotun.--A plant, about a yard high; its seed is like that of the
-nightshade, at first green, and when ripe, red; in appearance like
-the Goonchee, covered with a very thin capsule. The leaves heated
-and applied to swellings are discutient, and the root pounded and
-mixed with water, applied to the carbuncle or introduced on a seton,
-will effect a cure in a few days.
-
-128 Paethaon.--Called also Culsi or Breshtpirnie. A medicine of India;
-sweet, hot, light, and aphrodisiac; remedies laxities of the bowels
-and abrasions of the intestines. It decreases general heat, allays
-thirst, and is useful in affections of wind, mucus, bile, nausea,
-and fever. In the Dhinteri, it is said to be pungent, and beneficial
-in asthma, phlegm, and dropsy.
-
-129 Patole, vide Pulwul.
-
-130 Patera, usually called PatËla, a name of Birdee, a reed, growing
-in marshy places, used for making mats. It grows about a man's height,
-sometimes higher, and about the thickness of one's finger. Its ashes
-are peculiarly drying, and in quality dry and moist; if sprinkled
-over a sore, they quickly dry it up; if mixed with vinegar, dried,
-pounded, and applied to a carbuncle, it will cure it. They are also
-useful in Ukula and Nufsoodum.
-
-131 Patung.--A large tree, a native of the hills; its leaves are
-like that of the almond, and its flowers yellow. The fruit round,
-and of a dirty green color when young, becoming red as it ripens,
-and sweet to the taste.
-
-Physicians of Yunan have described it as hot, useful in
-bilious affections, mucus, and blood; also in boils and
-eruptions. A. Bukkum. The wood is used by dyers. In the Topha it is
-written, that in the quantity of 15 masha it is a deadly poison. Its
-powder is excellent as an application to wounds and ulcers. A bath
-formed of a decoction of the wood, clears the surface of the body,
-and gives strength to the bones.
-
-132 Putrudj.--A very common leaf, in length from three to five inches,
-and in breadth two inches; of a green color, and pleasant smell; it
-is strongly marked by veins, and is brought from the hills. It is hot
-and light, useful in wind and piles, nausea, pain at the stomach,
-flatulence, and is cardiac. A. Sadielj Hindui. Laurus Cassia,
-W. Tamalapatra, S. Tezpat, H. Tez (the bark), H. Twacha, S.
-
-133 Pithpapra.--Oldenlandia biflora. Bitter, cool, light, and in its
-effects astringent; beneficial in affections and disorders of bile,
-mucus, and blood; also in general heat; useful in giddiness, thirst,
-and fever; it generates flatulence. A. Shaterra.
-
-134 Batassa.--A name for Phaneer.
-
-135 Buthua, or Pasthuk, "Chenopodium album." A plant about a yard
-high, or even less; its leaves are small like the mint, soft and
-serrated; when the plant is old, it becomes a little larger, but the
-leaves remain the same. It is used in India as a culinary vegetable,
-and ate with or without meat; the leaves are sweetish when young;
-it delights to grow near water, and is found both in the wild and
-cultivated state, but the wild is considered the best; it is light
-and laxative, strengthens the system, is useful in affections of the
-spleen, eruptions from diffusion of bile, piles, worms, ascarides in
-the rectum, and corrects all natural secretions except blood. A. Kutf.
-
-136 Butela.--A kind of Pea: see Muttur.
-
-137 Butaer.--The Quail, Perdix Olivacea, (Buch.) Its flesh is cool,
-and promotes appetite; is beneficial in fever, and corrects the three
-principal secretions. Some have said, that this is a name for Tihoo;
-it resembles the partridge, but is only about half the size. In my
-opinion, it is cool and hot in equal degrees; it forms a desirable
-food for the sick, or emaciated; it strengthens the stomach, and
-produces costiveness.
-
-138 Batees.--A name for Atees, already described.
-
-139 Pytha.--The gall-bladder of any animal. Bile is hot and dry, but
-no general account can be given of its properties, as almost that of
-every animal differs from another. If goat's bile be used, it will
-relieve an affection of the liver, and if it be mixed with camphor
-and butter, and introduced into the ear, it will cure tooth-ache,
-or rubbed into the abdomen of a child below the navel, it will prove
-laxative. Cow's bile, if introduced into the ear, will cure pain
-arising from wind, mucus or bile.
-
-140 Putalphoorie.--The name of a grass, which grows in rocky places,
-from which it has either derived its name or from its property of
-dissolving the stone in the urinary or gall-bladder. It is a very
-small plant; its leaves, like those of the Lobeia (a small bean),
-when chewed are found to be very mucilaginous. It is a powerful
-medicine in dysuria, and is beneficial in dissolving stones in
-the urinary or gall-bladder. Of this I have several times had proof
-within my own observation; and I have given it to the extent of 5 or 6
-mashas in these disorders, combined with sugar, or with other diuretic
-medicines, or sherbets, or even in plain water; a substitute for this
-may sometimes be found in Gokroo, in cucumber seeds, or some such
-cooling medicine. A distilled water from it is in use. In one case
-where I used the Putalphoorie, I found, that while fresh and green,
-it was not so beneficial, and induced costiveness; but when dried
-and given, it was much more effectual and less prejudicial.
-
-141 Puturjenie.--A name for Lichmuna and Lichmunie.
-
-142 Butchudder.--A species of the Catechu tree; hot and astringent,
-beneficial in Aphtha, tooth-ache, blood, itch, poisons, and phlegm.
-
-143 Budjaesaar.--The name of a tree; the best sort is called
-Bidjaesaar; it is beneficial in Juzam, ptyalism, white leprosy,
-seminal weakness, ascarides in the rectum, disorders of bile and
-blood, cleansing the fluids, strengthening the roots of the hair,
-and it is well known as an ingredient in many formulÊ.
-
-144 Bitchoo, (Scorpion.).--A. Akrub. Its medicinal properties are
-described in Yunani works. Bitchoo Diriag is small and of a blackish
-color, tinged with red, and has a sting on its head with which it
-wounds; its eyes are pointed, and its head is large in proportion
-to its body. The author of the Dara Shekoi supposes this to be the
-Singee fish.
-
-145 Bejoura.--A. Utrudj, though some describe them as distinct species.
-
-146 Butch.--Acorus Calamus, W. Vacha, S. Sweet-scented flag, Acorus
-Odorant, F. Kalamus Nurtzil, G. Calamo Aromatica, J. Acoro Calamo,
-S. Wedj. A. Agrtoorki. P. One kind of this is white; both kinds are
-bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic: loosens mucus from the throat,
-cures itch, mucous disorders, epilepsy, idiotism, the influence of evil
-spirits. In the Maadentezerrabad it is written, that the Indians have
-a belief, that if the butch be taken, cut in small pieces, and put
-into an earthen pot, with ghee sufficient to cover it about an inch,
-that is one part of the butch and two of ghee, and this pot placed
-in Jow for 40 days, and 15 mashas of this taken daily, it will cure
-paralysis and loss of memory, and all complaints arising from cold.
-
-147 Budgerkund.--Called also Soorun, q. vide.
-
-148 Beechnak.--The name of a poison; vide Singia.
-
-149 Bedareekund.--A kind of Baraikund. Of this two kinds are described;
-one of which is white, and called Chitturkund; the properties of all
-are alike.
-
-150 Bedarkee.--Also a name for Bedareekund.
-
-151 Budhill.--Indian Suffergill (as it is called); the fruit of a
-large tree, very common all over India; the tree is like a middle-sized
-Jamin; its leaves are broad and longer than the Daak, but the latter
-is round, whereas this is longish, irregular on the back, and very
-brittle; when ripe the fruit is of a sweet acid taste, and when
-unripe it is perfectly sour; when about half ripe, it is hot, heavy,
-and flatulent, producing wind, disorders of bile, decreasing aphrodisia
-and appetite, and increasing phlegm; when ripe its properties are quite
-the reverse; but with respect to the disorders produced by suffusion
-of bile, I have not ascertained if it is beneficial or otherwise. The
-Dara Shekoi has not noticed this medicine, and for my information I am
-indebted to works of Hindoostan. As far as I can judge, it increases
-the tone of the stomach, raises the spirits; but taken in quantities,
-it is difficult of digestion and produces flatulence. It is acid,
-and therefore remedies bile, but it increases cough. The kernel
-is astringent.
-
-152 Bedhara.--A medicine of India, brought from the hills; it
-is a light wood about the thickness of liquorice root; bitter and
-astringent, hot and aperient. It is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders
-of wind, phlegm, and blood; also in swellings of the body, seminal
-weakness, and forms an ingredient in many approved formulÊ.
-
-153 Pudmeinie.--(The Winter Lilly.) The flower of the Kawul; sweet and
-cool, heavy and stomachic, astringent and useful in disorders of bile,
-mucus, and blood. A. Neelophir.
-
-154 Pudumcharnie.--A kind of the above, with few leaves; light and
-beneficial in mucous disorders and suppression of urine, and it
-hardens the matrix. For a more particular account, see Kawul.
-
-155 Pudumrauj.--Sweet and astringent; cool and aperient; it strengthens
-the eyes, corrects corpulence, cures boils, eruptions, and is an
-antidote to poison. A. Yacootlal.
-
-156 Pedloon.--A kind of salt; vide Noon. The salt of lead, called
-also Kutchloon.
-
-157 Burrh.--A large tree of Hindoostan, very common, cool and
-heavy; astringent, useful in mucous disorders, in bile, boils, and
-eruptions. In the Maadentezerrabad it is called Reesha in Persian. If
-the milk is applied to swellings or boils, it will effect a cure
-by resolution; or if applied to the eye, will remove specks on the
-cornea. If a tooth be at all loose, the milk applied to it will cause
-it to fall out without pain, but care must be taken that it be not
-applied to the sound tooth. If the bark of the tree be put into the
-pan in which fish is fried, it will soften the bones. The young shoots
-of the hanging roots and the bark, are cool, dry, and astringent; the
-milk is hot and powerful; the fruit less so. If the above-mentioned
-young shoots be bruised and put into a cloth, and heated over the
-fire, it forms an excellent and affectual application to lumbago or
-other rheumatic affections. The fruit, ate with milk and sugar, is
-mentioned as aphrodisiac, and increasing certain secretions. The young
-shoots of the pendent roots and leaves, and the bark are astringent,
-and useful in diarrhoea. The leaf-buds are also recommended for the
-same complaint, dressed with meat or otherwise.
-
-158 Birnaan or Burna.--A tree of Adjmere; the wood of which is used
-for making beads, which from their beauty are sent to different places
-as presents. Its medicinal property is hot and aperient, stomachic,
-beneficial in disorders of the blood, phlegm, wind, dysuria, and
-emaciation; it is vermifuge, and lithontriptic.
-
-159 Purpeeloo.--The Araaq Hindui. Cool, and useful in itch, Juzam,
-hemorrhoids, disorders of blood, mucus, and bile.
-
-160 Beridda.--A medicine of Hindoostan; cool, and grateful, increasing
-seminal secretion, removing cough, hectic fever, disorders of blood,
-and phlegm, and increasing the strength of the solids.
-
-161 Pereshtpurnie.--A name for PÊthaon.
-
-162 Berchakund.--A kind of Pindaloo; another kind is called Roomus,
-also Mudwull; a third kind is Sunkal; a fourth Kashtall; a fifth
-Hustaloo; a sixth Rucktall, called Ruckutkund. All these roots are
-sweet, cool, dry, and flatulent; also aperient. They give tone to the
-urinary bladder, remove eruptions (the consequence of suffused bile),
-increase semen, phlegm, and wind; they strengthen the solids, are slow
-of digestion, and increase the secretion of milk. Pindaloo is somewhat
-bitter and hot, heavy, mucilaginous, and diuretic. Mudwall increases
-bile, and is bitter; but it is beneficial in mucous disorders.
-
-163 Barumbie or Soonputtie.--Sweet, cool, aperient, light; increases
-the powers of perception and memory, clears the voice, cures Juzam,
-jaundice, seminal weakness, foulness of the blood, and cough;
-is an antidote to poisons, beneficial in swelling of the body,
-in bilious affections, and is a common ingredient in all useful
-formulÊ. A. Zernub.
-
-164 Burberi.--A name for Hermodaclytes. Cool, strong, dry; increases
-the general heat and bile, cures disorders of the blood, phlegm,
-daad, and worms. It is an antidote to poisons.
-
-165 Bureeja.--A name for Kuna, (Galbanum.)
-
-166 Berehta or Berehti.--(Sorrel)? (but the first is the common
-name.) Kuthai; some say, that both kinds of Kuthai are called Berehti;
-but it is not so, the small kind only goes by that name. Karenta
-and Kutla are both names of the large Kuthai, and Kuthlee; and
-Kuntkaree and Kuntkalka, are names for the small Kuthai. It is hot
-and astringent, strengthens the animal spirits; is stomachic, and a
-pleasant addition to the flavor of food. It is used in disorders of
-mucus and blood, wind, worms, ascarides in the rectum, Juzam, fever,
-asthma, pain in the bowels, cough, dysuria, emaciation, Badgola. It
-is lithontriptic, and in P. is called Badinjandyshtee. The flower
-called Gulkhar.
-
-167 Purbal.--A name for Coral; see Moonga.
-
-168 Byrumbseerjella, vide Hurhurra.
-
-169 Peertuckhpirnie.--A species of Peereshtpirnee.
-
-170 Buryara.--"Indian Mallow, (Sida cordifolia, W. Sida Rhombifolia,
-W. Sida Rhomboidoea, Roxb. MS. Sp. Ch.) Shrubby, erect, ramous; leaves
-short, petioled, rhomboid-lanceolate, serrate, 3-nerved, villous;
-stipules sitaceous. Peduncles axillary, solitary, shorter than the
-leaves, one-flowered, capsules 12, without beak, Roxb. MS." A very
-light flower of Hindoostan, cool and dry, demulcent and emolient;
-it promotes seminal secretion, and cures disorders of the spirits,
-gonorrhoea, and seminal weakness. Take 24 grs. of the dried
-flower in powder, and eat with milk and sugar, for the cure of the
-above-mentioned disorders. Ext. Maadentezerrabad.
-
-171 Burruntaaki.--A name for Buretta.
-
-172 Purundha.--A name for Mahameet.
-
-173 Pursarnie.--Hot and purgative, pungent and strengthening; expels
-wind, disperses phlegm, &c. In the Maadentezerrabad, Pursarnie is
-said to be a medicine of India; hot and dry, beneficial in leprosy,
-boils and pains in the joints, mucous disorders, and flatulence.
-
-174 Berahumnie, or Berrumdundie.--A wild plant, growing very low, with
-very thin branches and dark-red flowers, having small prickles on them;
-it is sweet, cool and light, increases knowledge and memory, relieves
-pains in the back, clears the voice, and is useful in marasmus,
-seminal weakness, and fever. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus
-described--Beramdundie, a medicine of India, with prickles on its
-flowers; hot and dry: seven scruples in powder taken in cow's milk,
-increases memory; is aphrodisiac, and beneficial in mania; it also
-removes too great irritability in the seminal vessels.
-
-175 Berahumie.--I have given a description of this separately,
-as it is so done in the Maadentezerrabad. A medicine of India, of
-the herb tribe; pungent, astringent, hot and dry in the 2d degree;
-beneficial in cholicks, phlegm, epilepsy, depression of spirits,
-fever from mucus, and delirium from cold; it is also stomachic.
-
-176 Peroza, or Berektummun.--A common stone, called in India Feroza. It
-is astringent and sweet, stomachic, and an antidote to all poisons.
-
-177 Biscopra.--Trianthema Pentandra. A wild grass, of a spreading
-kind, about 1 1/2 or a yard long; its leaves are like those of the
-Bookla Yemania, but rather less; its flowers are of a red yellowish
-color, and the whole plant forms itself into a circle on the ground
-of about half a yard in diameter. It is bitter, sweet, hot and dry,
-also aperient. It cures boils, disorders from mucus, bile, blood,
-wind, swellings, and creates appetite. It forms an ingredient in many
-formulÊ. One kind of this is red, and is called Rukit Bhitt; bitter
-and powerfully stomachic; cool, light, and inducing costiveness;
-producing wind, beneficial in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.
-
-178 Pystha.--The Pistachio Nut. Sweet, hot, oleaginous, heavy,
-aphrodisiac, and detergent; useful in disorders of wind and mucus,
-and difficult of digestion. A. Fystuk.
-
-179 Pysturling.--A name of Chitchera or Chirchera, so called from
-its fixing itself in one's clothes.
-
-180 Bussunti.--A flower of a yellow color; cool, light, pungent,
-powerfully diminishing all the secretions and sensible perspiration. Of
-a sweet smell, and pleasant to the taste.
-
-181 Bishnookrantha.-- A kind of Biscopra, of a pungent nature,
-strengthening the mental faculties; vermifuge; beneficial in boils,
-eruptions and mucous disorders. Some writers have given it under the
-head Kuneyr.
-
-182 Bishash.--A name for Oostoochoodoos.
-
-183 Boqun, or Bookla, or Book.--A plant, the branches of which are
-very thin, the leaves small, long and pointed; the flowers small and
-white, growing on every knot of the plant; they are round, useful
-in disorders from poison, phlegm, bile, and in dysuria. It also is
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in general heat and delirium.
-
-184 Bukochie.--Conyza, or Serratula Anthelmintica. One kind of
-which is white, both sweet, astringent, and stomachic, powerfully
-cool and dry. They are aperient, producing flatulent, tension of
-the belly, promote appetite, and useful in disorders of blood and
-bile, difficulty of breathing, leprosy, seminal weakness, fever,
-and worms. The plant is carminative, and its seed increases bile,
-is useful in white leprosy, disorders of wind and phlegm, and forms
-an ingredient in many of the formula.
-
-185 Bagerie.--Alauda. A bird, the flesh of which is cool, sweet,
-and dry; beneficial in disorders of bile and mucus. In my opinion
-it is hot and aphrodisiac; also cardiac, and increases corpulency;
-it cleanses the blood, and is a very proper food for aged persons,
-those of a cold temperament, or such as labour under cold diseases.
-
-186 Bukaen.--Melia Sempervirens. (A species of the bead-tree.) The
-Hindoos call it Mahaneeb, vide M. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus
-described: Bukaen, is a common tree, cool, dry, and bitter; useful
-in disorders of the blood, gravel, swellings, and miliary eruptions,
-also piles and lumbago. If 9 mashas of the seed be bruised, mixed with
-equal parts of sugar, and taken every morning in water, it will stop
-the discharge from the bleeding piles; or if a seer of the seeds, when
-they have become yellow, be infused in two seers of water, and buried
-in the ground for 21 days, taken out, and 1/4 seer drank every morning
-for six months, it will certainly cure leprosy; both Juzam and white.
-
-187 Pushanbedh.--A. Jeuntiana. Its oil is equally beneficial, as
-that before recommended for strengthening particular organs. This
-and the Jeuntian are of a very different appearance, they are either
-distinct plants, or have become different from peculiarity of soil
-or cultivation. It is a root of a dirty-red color, or when broken,
-of a bright red; in figure a little crooked. It is cool and laxative;
-it is lithontriptic, cures seminal weakness, and gonorrhoea. My
-late uncle used half of this, and half Mendhi, as an application
-to the inside of the hands and soles of the feet of women laboring
-under immoderate flow of the menses, and equal benefit was derived,
-as is usually done from the Mendhi. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is
-called cool and dry, removing flatulence, bile, thirst, heat, dysuria,
-gravel, contraction of the urethra, and difficult menstruation.
-
-For the cure of the above-mentioned complaints, it is to be given in
-water; but for seminal weakness, gonorrhoea, dysuria, &c. it is to be
-taken in goat's milk. The dose is six mashas. It grows in stony places.
-
-188 Buckree, or ChËrie, q. vide
-
-189 Becktindeek.--A kind of Teindoo, q. vide
-
-190 Palass.--Butea Frondosa. A very common tree, called also Pullae;
-it is a large forest tree, which in season loses its leaves and
-throws out flowers of an orange or fire color; its leaves are oval;
-their breadth about 3 or 4 inches; it is hot, laxative, and stomachic;
-used in boils, eruptions, Badqola, gravel, piles, worms, and broken
-bones. It is written, that when the white flowers of the Daak are
-found, and any one shall eat the seeds and the bark of them, their
-hearts will be cleansed, their understanding increased, and they
-shall then ever be endowed with supernatural knowledge; it may be
-advisable to eat moong ka dall along with it. Its flowers are called
-Tesoo; they are astringent, curing disorders of mucus, bile, blood,
-and difficulty in making water. If a decoction is prepared from
-the flowers, and poured warm from a height on the parts, it will be
-found useful in pains of the kidneys, bladder, and in suppression of
-urine. It is diuretic, and if given with medicines of that class,
-it will add greatly to their efficacy. The flowers are excellent
-as a fomentation in pains; also hydrocele and schirrous swellings
-of the testicle may be greatly benefitted by it. The seeds called
-Palass papra, are hot and light; they cure seminal weakness, piles,
-worms, and disorders of wind and mucus. In the Maadentezerrabad,
-"Palass papra is said to be like the seed of the Amultas, round,
-broad, and thin, of a dark-brown color; its kernel white, or yellowish,
-and perfectly insipid: it is oleaginous, and smells when chewed." In
-my opinion, it is useful in phlegm, and the root is beneficial in
-cholic. The nurses of Hindoostan put one seed into the mixture,
-which they exhibit after parturition, with much benefit, as it is
-cardiac. The capsule when whole is also used in decoction. The dose
-to an adult is four or five seeds, but beyond that, the opinion of
-the physician is necessary. I have used the bark of the seed and the
-capsule made into pills, with great success, when mixed with Goor.
-
-191 Belaikund.--"Maadentezerrabad." A medicine of India, also called
-Pullai seed, or Kaika; a seed red, round, and about the size of
-a pice, but thinner: it is light as a leaf, and is hot, and dry
-in the third degree. Applied to blisters on the tongue, to boils,
-or other eruptions; it removes the bad skin, and cleanses the parts
-below. It is purgative; removes wind, and every complaint of mucus,
-cold, or itch; its corrector is ghee, or butter, and its succedaneum
-Koonush. The dose is three and a half masha, or 12 grains.
-
-192 Palass Peepul.--Hibiscus Populneoides, (Roxb.) A large tree, of
-the Peepul kind; its leaves and fruit large, moist and aphrodisiac;
-producing phlegm and worms.
-
-193 Pulwull.--Trichosanthes Dioeca, (Roxb.) A culinary vegetable,
-of the cucumber kind, oval in its shape; the plant low, and creeping,
-like the Kanoorie or Cutcherie; they sometimes sow it with the Paan. It
-is eaten either (when boiled) by itself, or dressed with meat; it is
-hot and moist; promotes digestion; and strengthens the stomach and
-powers of virility; creates appetite; cures cough and disorders of the
-blood, and lessens the other three secretions. It is also beneficial in
-fevers, boils, and eruptions. It is vermifuge; its leaves are cooling,
-and cure disorders. Its branches remove superabundance of phlegm, and
-its root is pungent and aperient, strengthening the stomach. Equal
-in its degree. Again, it is said to be a fruit eaten by the people
-of India, sown and cultivated with the Paan, because it delights
-in shady places. Useful in fever, piles, and mental debility; it is
-aperient and promotes digestion; and some say, an antidote to poison.
-
-194 Billie.--The Cat; its meat is sweet, hot, and moist: of use in
-mucous and flatulent disorders.
-
-195 Billoousseeke.--Astringent; removes disorders of wind, phlegm,
-cholick, or other pain of the bowels. The Bale which bears no fruit,
-is called by this name.
-
-196 Byll.--Cratoeva, or ∆gle Marmelos. The fruit of jungle-tree,
-like the Quince; called also Bale.
-
-197 Bylla.--A name for Shahudae, Keekwon, Kangi, and Bursali.
-
-198 Bulka.--Likewise a name for Kangi.
-
-199 Bunda.--Epidendrum Tessillatum, (Missletoe.) Epidendron
-Tesseloides, (Roxb.) I know not whether this is in itself a tree,
-or a shrub, or from whence it makes its appearance; but it is found
-growing from the branches of other trees. It is dry, and beneficial
-in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood; in boils and eruptions,
-and as an antidote to poisons.
-
-200 Pynvar or Toeroota.--A species of Cassia Obtusifolia. A wild shrub
-of India, about one or one and a half yard high, its seed is used
-for food, and is reckoned among the farinÊ; it grows like the Mooth,
-especially when it is split down the middle. The color of the capsule
-is brownish, long, and has an indented mark on both sides. It is sweet,
-cool, dry, light, and useful in disorders of wind, bile, Juzam, Daad,
-and worms. It also produces an exhilaration of the spirits. I have
-found that three masha bruised, and mixed with a pound of curdled milk,
-placed in an earthen vessel for three days, till it becomes fermented,
-is very useful when externally applied in psora and other kinds of
-itch. The seed is heating, and generally mentioned as such. It is
-also light, and beneficial in itch, Daad, Zaerbad, Soorkhbad, and
-produces phlegm. Its leaves and young stalks are light; and produce
-flatulence and mucus. It is called by many Chukwund.
-
-201 Ponauk.--An Indian flower, sweet and cool; useful in disorders
-of the blood, bile, and mucus.
-
-202 Punk.--In Arabic Vaheel. P. Lae, (wet clay). Cool and laxative;
-useful in general heat in hemorrhoids, and in swellings of the body.
-
-203 Bunbele.--The flower of the wild Raibele. It is astringent,
-lithontriptic, and recommended in mucous and windy disorders, and in
-suppression of urine.
-
-204 Pindole.--A white earth, used for cleaning houses; sweet, cool,
-moist, astringent, and beneficial in that species of leprosy, called
-Soorkhbad; also in bilious disorders, and affections of the uterus. It
-is also said to clear the complexion.
-
-205 Pendaloo.--Trewia Nudiflora, (Lin.) Rottlera Indica, (Wild.) This
-is of two kinds; a white, and a red. The latter is probably that called
-Roomis, vide R.; the white is always called Pendaloo. It is sweet,
-cool; difficult of digestion; aphrodisiac; useful in lessening bilious
-secretion, in dysuria and heat, and in heightening the animal spirits.
-
-206 Pindaluck, or Pindal, vide Pendaloo.
-
-207 Bunpowarie.--The flower of the wild Powarie, which blows in the
-hot weather; there is one kind of this, which flowers in the rains;
-both are bitter, cool, light; lessens the three principal secretions,
-and is useful in affections of the ear, nose, and mouth.
-
-208 Pindkhajoor, vide Bhoomkhajoor.
-
-209 Punna.--A name for the stone, called Zamoorud.
-
-210 Bunslochun.--A substance produced in the hollow joints of the
-bamboo; cool and allaying thirst; removing hectic fever, common fever,
-difficulty of breathing, bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and
-jaundice. It is called in Arabic Tubasheer.
-
-211 Poondereek.--A name for Kawul.
-
-212 Benowla.--The Cotton-seed. Moist, and heavy; causes bile, increases
-seminal secretion and milk, both in the human and brute creation.
-
-213 Punchcheer.--Name of a compound made of the milk of five trees;
-viz. Burr, Peepul, Palass peepul, Goolur, Pakur; some, in place
-of Palass peepul substitute the Seriss. It is astringent, useful
-in boils, eruptions, swellings, and sudden inflammatory eruptions;
-(Eczema Rubrum;) also affections of the vagina. It increases seminal
-secretion and milk, and promotes the union of fractured limbs. The
-leaves of the above-mentioned trees are cool, light, and astringent;
-very beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, and the blood; their
-fruit produces swellings of the belly, but is useful in eruptions
-caused by superabundance of bile and disorders of mucus.
-
-214 Pungekool.--A formula of four ingredients; viz. Peepul, Peepulajab,
-Chittea, and dried Ginger. It creates appetite, and is recommended
-in disorders of wind, mucus, swellings of the belly, produced by
-affections of the urinary bladder, and bad-gola.
-
-215 Punjemool.--Two kinds, called large and small, by way of
-distinction. The large is composed of Bale, Aginmunth, Padill,
-K·shmerie Sheonak. Its taste is bitter and astringent; it is light,
-hot, and stomachic; dissolves animal fat, cures disorders of phlegm,
-wind, and difficulty of breathing. The small is composed of Gookhroo,
-Salpurbi, Bureshtpurbi, Bereta, Rutai. Its taste is sweet, and its
-properties are in equilibrium. It strengthens the system in general,
-and is useful in disorders of bile and wind.
-
-216 Bindaal.--A creeping plant, which is found on trees; it resembles
-the Kusseroo, and its seed is dark-colored, like those of the Till. Its
-capsule is somewhat larger than that of the Kusseroo, covered with a
-black rind, which also covers a second. It is very beneficial in the
-Zaerbad of horses; is pungent, and creates appetite, and is useful
-in wind and mucus. It is common to hills, plains, and ditches. In
-the Maadentezerrabad it is said to be a cure for hydrophobia, in the
-quantity of two fruits mixed with black pepper. It is said to be
-an Indian fruit like the black Hurrhe, light, bitter and elastic:
-its rind is hard; and the best kind of it is yellow. It is hot and
-dry in the 3rd degree. If pounded and sifted, and after a motion
-introduced into the rectum, it will in a few days cause the separation
-of hemorrhoids and their discharge. A fumigation of these seeds
-is also very beneficial in external piles. If they are bruised and
-mixed with cow's ghee, and introduced into the nose, they will cure
-irritability of temper and epilepsy, and remove all complaints arising
-from wind. If two or three seeds be moistened with water for a night,
-and in the morning two or three drops be introduced into the nose,
-it will produce the discharge of that yellow fluid from the brain
-which causes the disease named Pirbaal, or loss of sensation in the
-olfactory nerves.
-
-217 Bindeakurkotheki.--A name for Banjekakora, so called from its
-barrenness; pungent, useful in poisons and cough.
-
-218 Puns.--A name for Kutel.
-
-219 Punnus.--An appellation for Lackutch.
-
-220 Punealae.--A plant, "Flacourtia Catafracta;" the fruit of which
-resembles the Zerdaloo, and is itself like to the Neemb tree; the
-leaves are like those of the ratan; unripe, it is green, but when
-ripe red.
-
-221 Poiey.--"Basella Alba et Rubra." A culinary vegetable which
-grows slow and creeping; its fruit is black; cool and moist; it is
-heavy and rough in the throat, thickens the voice, is soporific;
-promotes the secretion of semen and mucus, and cures eruptions from
-bilious disorder.
-
-222 Podhka or Boleserie.--A large tree with very beautiful flowers,
-of a sweet smell. It bears fruit like, or rather having the color
-of the orange, in size and shape like the Baer, or Bulooth; it is
-cool, beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and affections of the
-teeth, as has been ascertained by experience. The fruit is cool and
-astringent, flatulent, and diminishes phlegm and bile. If chewed and
-kept in the mouth, it cures tooth-ache.
-
-223 Boont.--"Cicer Arietenum." The green, unripe Gram. It is in the
-opinion of Indian physicians cool and dry; allays chordee; increases
-wind; is light, flatulent, and also favors secretion of bile and
-blood. The Yunani physicians differ very materially from those of
-Hindoostan respecting its properties.
-
-224 Potie.--"Cyprinus Chyssopareius," (Buch.) A very small fish; heavy,
-and increasing phlegm; it is the smallest of all fish; sweet to the
-taste, beneficial in all the three secretions, All the varieties of
-small fish are strengthening and aphrodisiac; stomachic, and useful
-in affections of wind and cough.
-
-225 Potuck.--A kind of honey, resembling ghee; hot, dry, and light.
-
-226 Ponda.--Saccharum Officinarum, (Sugar-cane). Sweet, cool, moist,
-heavy, and aphrodisiac; strengthening the system; enlivening the flow
-of animal spirits; beneficial in bilious disorders, and is diuretic. It
-increases the secretion of mucus, and breeds worms in the intestines.
-
-That which is of a red color, is cool and heavy, and allays general
-heat; useful in disorders of bile and blood: remedies suppression
-of urine. The black Sugar-cane is in its properties like that which
-is white. The very best is cool and moist, aphrodisiac, laxative,
-and increases mucus.
-
-227 Bole.--"Myrrha." A name for myrrh; cool, increases knowledge;
-creates appetite; improves a relish for food; cleanses the uterus;
-beneficial in disorders of the blood and bile, and in Juzam.
-
-228 Podeena.--"Mentha Sativa, W. Mentha Crissa, Murray, ii. 178,
-Mentha viridis, Woodville, iii. 463." Arabic, Nana. It is hot and
-dry; promotes digestion; allays vomiting from phlegm; is vermifuge,
-peculiarly aphrodisiac; increases eye-sight, and is astringent.
-
-229 Phalisae or Ph·lsa.--The fruit of a tree of Hindoostan, of two
-kinds. One sweet, the other acid; the first is called Shukurie, the
-second Sherbuttee. The tree of one is small, not above a yard high. The
-other is as large as a mulberry tree. The fruit of the acid kind is the
-largest; its leaves large, round, and partially indented. The fruit
-is at first green, and astringent; when nearly ripe it is rich, and
-when it arrives at maturity it assumes a dark-purple color; when red,
-it is very acid; and when purple, of a sweetish acidity. The fruit is
-like the nightshade berry, or even larger. It is very grateful to the
-taste, and beneficial in disorders arising from a redundance of bile
-and blood; loosens phlegm, and is less prejudicial than any other acid
-fruits. It is also astringent; allays thirst; strengthens the stomach
-and system. Its sherbet is excellent in strengthening the circulation,
-and removing depression of spirits in heat, fever, and giving tone
-to the stomach. It is also recommended in many other disorders. Its
-sherbet is a corrector of the mogane. If 48 grains of the bark of the
-root of the sweet Ph·lsa be infused for a night in water, and then
-rubbed and strained, the infusion forms an excellent remedy in ardor
-urinÊ and gonorrhoea; yet the sweet kind is less cooling than the
-acid species, though I have found the former the most effectual in
-giving strength to the circulation and to the stomach. The expressed
-juice of the Ph·lsa in water, boiled, is used as a condiment.
-
-230 Bhangra.--Eclipta, or Verbesina Prostrata. A small creeping plant;
-its flowers very minute. Some of them white, others of a dark color;
-the leaves small, in branches and leaves resembling the mint. Another
-species is called Kookur Bhangra; the plant of which is high, long,
-and large. It is found at the bottom of old walls. It is bitter,
-hot, pungent, and dry; cleanses the skin; cures affections of wind,
-phlegm, complaints of the eyes, pains in the head and Juzam. It forms
-an ingredient in many famous formulÊ. If it be dug up by the roots on a
-Sunday, and dried in the shade; washed seven times in the Bale sherbet,
-and as often dried in the shade; and as much as may be contained in
-the palm of the hand, be eaten daily by those afflicted with white
-leprosy and Juzam, the disorders will be removed. The seed bruised
-with black Till and sugar, and eaten, will strengthen the senses of
-hearing and seeing, and will promote longevity. If during the four
-rainy months, the Bhangra be used with the hurrha, bhaera, and anula,
-in equal parts, and a fourth part of peepul, every disorder will be
-removed, and the hair will become black.
-
-In the Maadentezerrabad, it is said, that Bhangra is a shrub, like
-the Anjedan, but somewhat larger, of a purple or reddish color;
-disagreeable to the taste; hot, and dry. Of this there are three
-kinds: a yellow, green, and black; it improves the eye-sight, is
-beneficial in phlegm and swellings, white leprosy, Juzam, burns,
-and black spots in the face. Recent writers have said much of the
-virtues of the black kind; its seed is in its properties equal;
-beneficial in disorders of wind, phlegm, foulness of blood, blisters,
-and difficulty of breathing. If for 50 days nine masha be pounded,
-bruised, and taken in water, the hair will not become white. If the
-plant (black) be dried in the shade, and six masha be taken for two
-months, it will blacken the hair. It is the best external application
-for colouring the hair.--See Singia.
-
-231 Phirrhud.--The name of a tree in India. Vermifuge; it cures
-flatulency, disorders of mucus and blood. An antidote to poisons;
-induces corpulency, and remedies seminal weakness.
-
-232 Bhoje Puttur, called also Burje Puttur, (the birch bark.)--A
-tree common in Cashmere; the bark of which may be separated into
-numerous layers, like the talc, and each layer resembles paper.--The
-layers are variegated, and colored with straight lines; white and
-red. The Cashmerians use it as paper; in its medical properties,
-it is beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood; ear-ache,
-and possession by evil spirits. In India it is used for making hookah
-snakes; and if clothes be lined with it, it will prevent them from
-being stained with perspiration. In Persian, it is called Tooze.
-
-233 Bhoum amulek.--The anula tree, without the principal root; it
-is bitter and astringent, cool, and producing flatulence; it allays
-thirst, cough, disorders of bile, blood, and phlegm; it cures marasmus,
-and is useful in hurts.
-
-234 Phoje.--Cool and heavy, astringent and useful in bilious eruptions,
-and disorders from phlegm.
-
-235 Pockurmool.--A root; bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic; useful
-in disorders of wind and phlegm, in fevers, swellings, difficulty of
-breathing, and in affections of the liver.
-
-236 Bharingee.--The bark of a tree in the hills; bitter, pungent,
-hot, and dry; promotes appetite; remedies disorders of indigestion,
-swellings, cough, disorders of wind, phlegm, difficulty of breathing,
-fever, and pains in the uterus.
-
-237 BhÊr.--The name for a sheep, called also Mendha.
-
-238 Bhains.--The Buffalo, called also Mahaki.
-
-239 Bheria.--The Wolf; also named Bhuddha. Its flesh is heavy,
-beneficial in disorders of wind, in affections of the eye, and
-clears the voice. Its teeth rubbed down in water forms an effectual
-application in specks of the cornea. This was used by my father with
-success. If the teeth be suspended from the neck of a child, it will
-preserve the child from the effects of an evil eye. A. Zeeb. P. Goorg.
-
-240 Phunjeetuck.--A species of Loonia; a culinary green.
-
-241 Bhuhira.--"Terminalia Bellerica, (Roxb. MS.) Beleric
-myrobalan. P. Beyleyleh." In taste it is astringent; grateful during
-the process of digestion; hot, dry, and beneficial in disorders of
-phlegm, bile, and cough; strengthens the eyes, hair of the head, and
-the brain. It produces a slight degree of intoxication. A. Baleludje.
-
-242 Bhelawj.--"Bela, Semicarpus Anacardium." It is astringent and sweet
-to the taste; hot and light. It promotes appetite; is aphrodisiac;
-cures disorders of the wind and phlegm; useful in dropsy, flatulence,
-Juzam, piles, diarrhoea, Badgola, fever, and white leprosy. It is
-vermifuge, and used in boils and eruptions. A. Bil‚do˙r.
-
-I have found that its kernel used as an ingredient in a decoction
-intended to promote aphrodisia, (having used it myself,) is effectual;
-it strengthens the stomach and powers of virility, and cures colds
-beyond any other medicine.
-
-A friend of mine had a very severe cold in his head, for which he had
-taken much medicine without relief. I first gave him the Nux Vomica to
-supplant the habit of eating opium, to which he had become addicted:
-from this he derived partial benefit; but it soon became as difficult
-to refrain from this as from the opium. I then gave him the kernel
-of the Bela made into pills with honey, and cured him of his disorder.
-
-I also gave it to a woman who had a swelling on both sides of the
-uterus, which was daily increasing, and this it also cured.
-
-In short, this is a drug, that when it agrees with the patient,
-no medicine is equal in efficacy; but when it disagrees, no drug is
-more prejudicial. It will be prudent not to give it to any one of a
-hot temperament.
-
-243 Bhoom Kajoor.--A tree as tall as the Taar tree. The stem rough
-and serrated; the leaves only growing at the top; they are long and
-hard, and used in making mats. The tree is also called Pinkajoor. It
-is sweet, cool, and moist; it allays pain, and is an excellent
-application in bruises. It is beneficial in disorders of blood, wind,
-bile, and debility. The Pinkajoor is brought from Mooltan or Tattla,
-and in A. is called Rittub.
-
-The Rittub, which is brought from Mecca, is aphrodisiac; strengthens
-the kidnies, back, tone of the stomach, and corrects a cold phlegmatic
-temperament. This is ascertained from experience. It also increases
-the volume of blood; but if much is used, it produces a fermentation
-therein, unless habit has rendered it innocent.
-
-244 Bhehi.--"The Quince. The seed very mucilaginous, and excellent
-in diarrhoea and dysentery." A species of pear, of a yellow color.
-
-245 Boochitter.--Some call it Beechitt˙r; it is cool and
-heavy, aperient, strengthening, increasing the three principal
-secretions. A. Jamarookh and Koombi; also Gagundool, vide K.
-
-246 Bhuiteroor.--Whoever shall use this as their only food for one
-month, their youth will be prolonged, and their hair remain black. It
-will strengthen the solids, and give universal strength. If it be
-ate for 40 days, it will produce a sweet smell from the body. It is
-laxative, and in A. called Soonamookey. "Cassia Senna."
-
-247 Bhoeperus.--A name of honey.
-
-248 Bhang.--"Canabis Sativa;" a name for Kainib, called also Bidjia; it
-is pungent, bitter, hot, light, and astringent; it promotes appetite,
-cures disorders of phlegm, produces idiotism; is the cause of foolish
-speech and conduct, or in other words, it intoxicates; if used in
-excess it produces fever, and it increases all the deleterious effects
-of poison.
-
-The author of the Dhar· Shekoi says, that when he was digging
-the foundation of a house in Bengal, he found a board, on which
-the effects of this drug was written, and on this it was recorded,
-that Mahadeo used constantly to eat of this, and that from its use,
-he derived the wonderful aphrodisiac power, with which he was gifted;
-he says he has tried it, and found it very beneficial.
-
-Take of Bidjia 64 tolahs, when the sun is in the division Sirtaam,
-white sugar 32 tolahs, and pure honey 16 tolahs, cow's ghee 34
-tolahs. First fry the Bidjia in the ghee, then add the honey in a
-boiling state, afterwards the sugar: use this in moderate doses daily,
-and when it has been used for two months, strength and intelligence
-will have become increased, and every propensity of youth restored;
-the eye-sight cleared, and all eruptions of the skin removed; it will
-prove an exemption from convulsions and debility, and preserve the
-bowels at all times in a state of order. It will likewise give an
-additional zest for food.
-
-249 Bhoom Kudum.--A kind of Kudum.
-
-250 Bhendi.--A very common vegetable of the culinary kind, from 2 to
-3 inches in height: very mucilaginous. It is sweet; produces wind and
-phlegm; it diminishes bile; is diuretic, and increases the seminal
-secretion. "Hibiscus Esculentus."
-
-251 Phaar.--The author of the Cashmee calls it the medicine of Shaik
-Furried, because it was a great favorite of his. It is common at
-Agra and Delhi; it is bitter, and difficult of digestion, and hot; it
-cures fever from phlegm and bile, also diarrhoea and indigestion, and
-cholicky pains in the bowels. Its virtues are many, but too numerous
-for the compass of this work. The people of Hindost'han use it as a
-culinary vegetable with much benefit.
-
-252 Bhindale.--The name of Bhindal.
-
-253 Phankra.--Mahomed Cassim says, that this tree is the D·rsheesh·n,
-and that the name of its bark is Kagphill; it is hot, and easy of
-digestion; it lessens the secretion of wind and phlegm. It is aperient,
-and corrects a bad taste in the mouth.
-
-254 Bhapungi.--The author of the Cashmee says, that this is the Anjidan
-Roomi. It is pungent bitter, and hot, and is useful in removing coughs
-from phlegm, asthma, swellings, wounds, worms in the stomach, heat,
-and fever.
-
-255 Phitkerrie.--"Sulphate of Alumine, Alumen. F. Alaun, G. Allume,
-I. Alumbre. S. Sphatica. Shan Shub, A." Pungent, astringent,
-transparent. It increases and clears the complexion; is beneficial
-in seminal weakness and dysuria, in all complaints of the vagina,
-in vomiting, and in thirst.
-
-256 Bheroza.--Called also Gundha Bheroza, (Turpentine.) In its
-properties it approaches the Koondhur; but its effects are more
-drying. If a tent be made with this, and applied or introduced into
-the vagina, it will cure any affection to which that may be subject,
-and prevent habitual abortion.
-
-257 Bhateele.--In Persian called Goolqunda. A. Verdmoonuttin.
-
-258 Bhoodill.--The name of a piece of Talc.
-
-259 Bhoothpees.--A name for the Ram.
-
-260 Phaloke.--A name for Arloo.
-
-261 Bhu'th Kutaeye.--The name of both kinds of Kutai, "Solanum
-Jacquini."
-
-262 Bhohphilly.--A creeping grass, the fibres of which are very thin,
-and its leaves very small. Its seed vessels are numerous, thin, and
-small, about the size of the nail of the finger; it is aphrodisiac,
-and thickens the seminal fluid.
-
-263 Phooth.--"Cucumis Momordica," (Roxb.) P. Dustumboeah. Its
-properties approach those of the melon when unripe. In my opinion,
-as nature has given it a sweet smell, it must be beneficial in
-strengthening the heart and brain; but it encourages the attack of
-putrid fever. It is used to form a sherbet with sugar and rose-water,
-for the above-mentioned beneficial purposes.
-
-264 Bhuntaki.--("The wild Bhengun; is the Solanum Melongena,") a name
-for Badinjan; sweet, pungent, and penetrating, and during digestion,
-bitter, hot, and light; beneficial in diminishing phlegm and bile,
-strengthens the circulation, clears the complexion, promotes appetite,
-and cures fever and cough.
-
-When ripe, it is hot and heavy, and increases the bilious
-secretion. The white kind is inferior in virtue to the black. Some
-call it hot, others cold. I have from experience found it excellent in
-giving strength to the stomach; that it is very drying, and produces
-vitiated bile; from this circumstance it prevents sleep, or produces
-unpleasant dreams: its correctors are ghee or oil. Although I have
-stated all these properties, yet as a culinary vegetable it is in
-very general use, it cannot possess them in any great degree; it is
-called Benghun.
-
-265 Pechuck.--A name for Bidjosaar.
-
-266 Beedjbund.--(From the Maadentezerrabad.) A medicine of India, red
-and black; its seed resembles that of the onion, red and shining;
-the red kind is to be preferred. It is aphrodisiac, increases
-seminal secretion, strengthens the back and loins. It is cool and
-dry, flatulent and difficult of digestion; its corrector is sugar;
-its sucoedaneum, the seed of the Antungun. The dose is one miskal
-with equal parts of sugar.
-
-267 Benth.--"Calamus Rotang." Of this there are many kinds; one kind
-called ToÊikam, another Jillbenth, a fourth Itchill; the whole four are
-cool and cure swellings, piles, pains in the uterus, boils, eruptions,
-acne, difficulty in voiding urine, are lithonthriptic, useful in
-affections of wind and mucus, also foulness of blood. Jillbenth is
-astringent and flatulent, and Itchill is an antidote to poison.
-
-268 Peetul.--(Brass.) P. Bering. It is not an original metal, but
-a composition. In its properties it is equally cool, hot, and dry;
-it cures disorders of wind, phlegm, jaundice, and affections of the
-spleen. A kind of this is called Sonepeetul.
-
-269 Peepul.--"Ficus Religiosa." A tree of India, very large and
-common; the young leaves are green, but when well formed become
-yellowish; it is cool; cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and blood;
-is useful in boils and eruptions. The bark of the tree is aphrodisiac,
-strengthens the loins, and restrains watery discharge from the urethra;
-and this I have found from experience. Some say, this is called in
-P. Lirzan. Its fruit is about twice the size of the PhaÏsa. It tastes
-like the fig. It is called Peepulie, and is when ripe of a yellowish
-color. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus mentioned. "The Peepul
-tree in Persian is called Lirzan; in the opinion of the inhabitants
-of India, cool and dry. Its fruit diminishes the secretion of bile,
-promotes digestion, relaxes the bowels; and if the bark be infused in
-water and applied to boils, it will hasten suppuration and promote the
-discharge of the matter; if the bark be burnt and thrown into water,
-it will quickly purify it."
-
-270 Bale.--A name for Raebale; cool and light; cures disorders of
-phlegm, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-271 Baele.--"Called also Byll, Cratoeva, or ∆gle Marmelos; Wood
-Apple." The name of a fruit which grows like the quince; its seeds
-are larger than those of the Ryhan. I have seen the tree, it is like
-the Bukaen; its leaves very soft and tender, broad and long, somewhat
-like the Moong: on each small sprig it has three leaves. Some have
-said that it was originally wild, but subsequently brought into our
-gardens; that which is now in gardens is larger than that which grows
-uncultivated. The fruit is hollowed out and used as snuff-boxes, and
-for several other purposes. It is a very common tree in India; it is
-bitter, astringent, and a little sweetish, hot, and moist; when ripe it
-is heavy, producing phlegm, bile, and wind, causing heat of stomach,
-and is difficult of digestion. It destroys appetite and induces
-costiveness; but unripe it is light, strengthens the circulation,
-and the whole body; induces costiveness; increases appetite, hastens
-digestion, and cures disorders of wind and phlegm. I have given it
-with other medicines for the cure of diarrhoea with good effect. "And
-in dysentery, a table-spoonful of the pulp, made into sherbet, and
-taken several times a day, has been effectual."
-
-272 Peeloo.--"Salvadora Persica." "Careya Arborea," (Roxb.) The
-Indian name for this, Araak. It is a wild growing shrub, about the
-height of a long spear, (8 feet,) with many branches; it is broad
-and round in its general appearances; its leaves thin, and about 1/2
-an inch long. The fruit is called Peel or Peeludj; it is hot, light,
-and aperient; promotes appetite, cures Badgola, piles, affections of
-the spleen and wind; is lithonthriptic; useful in disorders of the
-blood; it produces bile, and in all favorite formulÊ, it forms an
-ingredient. The fruit is also called Jhal; it is bitter, laxative,
-lessens phlegm, general heat, Juzam, fever, and worms. The wood of
-the Peeloo used as a tooth-brush, is excellent for preserving the gums.
-
-273 Peoke, or Peossie.--The first milk given by any animal after the
-birth of its young. A. Lubba. It increases the bulk of the solids,
-and inclination towards aphrodisia, but it causes hiccough, and the
-formation of stone in the bladder, and is difficult of digestion;
-its corrector is sweetmeats.
-
-274 Peease.--"Allium Cepa. Agnon, F. Swiebel, G. Cipolla, I. Pallandoo,
-S. Onion." A. Bosool. Pungent, and during digestion sweet; hot in
-a small degree, and in its effects resembling Garlic. It increases
-mucus, removes disorders of wind, and hydrocele. There is a smaller
-sort, called Karinjun, which increases bile, produces costiveness,
-and cures piles. There is a third kind, which when dried is white,
-and is recommended to be kept in any house to prevent the approach
-of snakes or any venomous reptiles.
-
-275 Peeplamool.--The name given to the root of the Peepul tree,
-but some give the name to the whole tree, and some give the name
-to the fibres of the root of any tree; but judging from the name,
-I conceive it to be what I have just stated. Mool being root, and
-Peepul must indicate the kind of root. The idiom is Indian, and I
-think must be correct. It is bitter and pungent, dry and stomachic;
-promotes digestion, cures disorders of wind and phlegm, but impairs
-the eye-sight and seminal secretions.
-
-276 Bear.--Called also Konar, "Ziziphus Jujuba." Sweet, cool, heavy,
-aperient, causes wind, produces corpulency, cures disorders of bile,
-wind, blood, general heat, and the disease called Rajerogue; also
-allays thirst. Another kind of this, named Husthkool, and a third
-called Kurkund, q. vide.
-
-277 Peeta.--Called also Khunda, q. vide.
-
-278 Passownie.--A name for ChÌrk·kÛlie.
-
-279 Bealduntuck.--A name for Kh·rkh˙suck, meaning a snake's tooth. This
-is known to every one.
-
-280 Peeche.--Congee, or rice water; it is cool and allays thirst;
-it is proper food for the sick; drank with rose water, Beelemoosk
-and sugar, or with pomegranate sherbet, it produces cold, strengthens
-the circulation, and entirely allays general heat.
-
-281 Beerbahootie.--An insect very common in the rainy season,
-resembling scarlet velvet; hot in the 3rd and moist in the 2nd deg. One
-insect, with the legs taken off, ate with Paan, is very efficacious
-in paralytic disorders, and other complaints from cold. Bruised and
-mixed with water, it is used as an aphrodisiac, in seminal weakness,
-&c. Its oil is also used as an external application in debility brought
-on by onanism, and for giving strength to the muscular fibres. Its
-succed. is the Kinchua.
-
-"I have prescribed the Beerbahootie with decided good effects in
-paralysis, commencing with one and increasing to three or four in
-the day: 1 or 2 given with a little pounded nutmeg is said to be very
-efficacious in spasms in the bowels of children."
-
-282 Talmukara, or Talmukana.--"Bartleria longifolia." A seed,
-very small, and like the zeera, red, the color of Toodrie, but the
-Toodrie is round, whereas this is longish and smaller. The plant
-is knotted like a reed, and has prickles on the joints. The flower
-is like the lotus, but is whiter. It is cool and heavy; increases
-seminal secretion, and cures disorders of wind and blood; it forms
-an ingredient in all aphrodisiac formulÊ; it is taken mixed with
-cow's milk, either cold or boiled. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is
-thus described.
-
-Talmukana is a medicine of India; its seed of a brown color, like that
-of the Anjera; cool and moist; used as an aphrodisiac, in cases of
-seminal weakness, in gonorrhoea, and in chancres. It is astringent;
-strengthens the system; is flatulent, and not easy of digestion:
-its corrector is sugar; its succed. Moosliesia. The dose six masha.
-
-283 Taal, or Taar.--"Borassus Flabelliformis." A very high tree, about
-60 feet, more or less; very common in the Deccan and in Bengal. At
-Agra it is more common than at Delhi; the leaves grow at the top of
-the stem; they are broad and long; and of these are formed Punkahs,
-which are much esteemed and carried to various parts. They are also
-used for writing upon; its fruit is like the cocoanut; the kernel
-of the fruit is cut into pieces, and ate with sherbet and sugar;
-it is very sweet to the taste, and is called the Tirkool.
-
-The upper part of the stem of the fruit is cut across, and the
-liquid which exudes from the wound, received into earthen vessels
-called Labnahs, and these fill several times in the course of the
-day. This liquor is called Taarie: when fresh drawn and before the sun
-is above the horizon, it is sweet to the taste; but it soon becomes
-fermented, and is then intoxicating. It is cool and moist, beneficial
-in disorders of wind and bile, also in boils and eruptions. It is
-both aperient, and aphrodisiac. A liquor distilled from the Taarie,
-is to be preferred: roasted or stewed meat should be eaten along with
-it. It produces pains in the limbs, and heaviness of the head, and
-is as intoxicating as spirits. The fruit is sweet and cool, heavy and
-flatulent, causes pains in the limbs, cures affections of wind, bile,
-blood, and bruises; it relieves general heat, and allays thirst. Its
-seed is also sweet, cool, and diuretic; useful in disorders of wind
-and bile. P. Khoormae Aboojile, or Khoormae Hindee. A. it is called
-Doom, but the author of the Munhage says, that Doom means the Googul
-tree. The Maadentezerrubad thus describes it: taar is a tree like
-the date tree; its leaves about a yard long; the kernel of the fruit
-is often sold for the sea cocoanut. The juice of this tree is the
-taarie, so well known; it is equally hot and cold, and moist in the
-2nd degree. It is aphrodisiac and diuretic, induces corpulency, and if
-taken to excess produces intoxication and head-ache. If fresh drawn,
-it is sweet and less intoxicating; but allowed to remain for a night,
-it becomes acid, and then it is very inebriating. The fresh taarie
-improves the complexion, moistens the brain; is beneficial in hectic
-fever, in difficulty of breathing, in depression of the spirits,
-and is aperient. If allowed to remain long, it becomes sour, smells
-very strong; is heating, and causes vomiting and indigestion.
-
-In the Lyzuttoor rejal, it is thus mentioned: taarrie is an
-intoxicating produce of the taar tree, very common to the eastward. The
-tree resembles the date tree, but its leaves are different: when fresh,
-the taarie is hot and moist, induces corpulency; is aphrodisiac,
-diuretic, and when it has acquired a strong smell, is intoxicating,
-and in that state, it is very heating, and produces indigestion,
-with heaviness of the brain. The sherbet of the pomegranate allays
-vomiting brought on by its use. Its succedaneum is a decoction of
-dates called Sendhi.
-
-284 Taalesputter.--A name of Talesphir; of this there are many
-and various accounts, some call it the leaf of the wild olive,
-zeatoon, and others call it the bark of the Lissaan nulaej safeer,
-or Biss'bassa. The author of the Topha says, that he considers it the
-same as the Tewaje Kutai. The people of India deem it hot, light,
-aphrodisiac, stomachic, promoting digestion, curing difficulty of
-breathing, cough, disorders of phlegm, badgola, and hectic fever.
-
-285 Tanbirr.--"Copper." It is sweet, cool, light, and aperient:
-cures disorders of bile and phlegm; useful in marasmus, Juzam, piles,
-asthma, swellings, cough, and ague. It is caustic, and in A. is called
-Nowhass. P. Miss. The physicians of India use it in a calcined form,
-and speak much in its favour. If it be properly prepared, it will
-be soluble in water. In my opinion, if it does not produce heat
-in the blood, nausea, pains in the bones, and joints, giddiness,
-and confusion of ideas, it will be fortunate, and will be a sign,
-that it has been well prepared; and should it stand both these tests,
-it may be used with comparative safety.
-
-286 Taberuck.--A tree, the produce of Arabia; its fruit and flower
-resembling the rose; during digestion it is bitter and hot; removes
-bile, and blisters, and seminal debility.
-
-287 Tubasheer, or Tubakeer, names of Bunslochun.
-
-288 Tuputtee or Typsie, a trefoil grass.
-
-289 Tatyrie, in P. called Teetoo; a bird, the meat of which produces
-wind. "Tringa Goensis."
-
-290 Tittereek, sometimes called Tintereek.--Its fruit, when unripe,
-is beneficial in disorders of wind; is vermifuge, and destroys worms in
-the rectum; it is very heavy; but when ripe, is light and astringent,
-and is useful in weakness of the digestive organs, and cures disorders
-of phlegm and wind. A. Simaak.
-
-291 Tudje.--Laurus Cassie? Some say that this is Kirfa, and others
-Syleekha; also called Keelkheela; it is in Indian works described as
-cool and pungent; it cures disorders of phlegm, and more especially
-dissipates collections of it in the small intestines; clears the
-passage to the stomach or oesophagus, and promotes digestion.
-
-292 Tedhara.--"Euphorbia Antiquorum." A kind of Seehund.
-
-293 Turkool.--The fruit of the Taar tree, vide Taal.
-
-294 Tarkoota, or Terookhun.--The title of a formulÊ composed of peepul,
-pepper, and ginger, in equal parts. It creates appetite and promotes
-digestion; cures difficulty of breathing, cough, local affections of
-the skin, badgola, seminal weakness, phlegm, swelling of the testicles,
-and diseases of the nostrils.
-
-295 Terisgundh or Tirjatuck.--The name of the following formulÊ. Small
-cardamums, Kerfa, Tezpat, in equal parts. It is said to remedy
-disorders of phlegm.
-
-296 Tirtuck.--A kind of rice, of the same properties as the Saathie.
-
-297 Tirmirra.--The best kind of this grows in gardens. It is hot
-in the 2nd degree, dry in the 1st. When fresh, it is moist, and its
-juice is excellent in wounds and ulcers; it is diuretic and aperient;
-produces frequent inclination to aphrodisia, and causes blindness. Its
-corrector is K·ou (Lettuce), or Kasni (Endive), or Koorfa, or Till. It
-increases the secretion of semen, and thickens its consistence. It
-is an antidote to the bite of the mongoose. If bruised and applied to
-the root of the acid pomegranate it will render it sweet. A. Jerjeer.
-
-298 Tersindiaturnie.--A kind of Jeeaphul; see I.
-
-299 Teraemanna, called also Teraman.--It is cool, sweet, and useful in
-pains of the stomach, in mucus, super-abundance of blood, giddiness,
-thirst, delirium, poisons, and vomiting. Manna.
-
-300 Teroor, called also great Dathun.--Bitter and cool; strengthens
-eye-sight; cures bile, heat, diseases of the mouth and hepatic
-eruptions.
-
-301 Tirnie.--Cool and sweet, increasing eye-sight, beneficial in
-bilious disorders, bile, heat, thirst, vomiting, and eruptions of
-the mouth.
-
-302 Tirdisha.--A name for Mahomeed.
-
-303 Tyrphilla.--The name for Hurr, Bhaera, and Anula.
-
-304 Tirpurnie.--An appellation for Jalpurnie or Tirpunnie.
-
-305 Takkur.--The name given to a mixture of Dhaie and water.
-
-306 Tuggur.--A name for Asaroon (Asarabece); it is sweet, hot,
-moist, light, and an antidote to poisons. It cures epilepsy,
-delirium, affections of the eyes, wind, and mucus. One kind of it is
-red. (Asarum), excellent errhine.
-
-307 Teluck.--A flower like the Till; hot, beneficial in mucous
-disorders, and Juzam; an ingredient in favourite formulÊ.
-
-308 Telk.--Ginger.
-
-309 Till or Tillee.--The name of a seed, from which oil is extracted,
-and which leaves much refuse after the oil has been drawn. When green,
-it is dry, increases knowledge, and promotes appetite. Is astringent,
-reduces corpulency, clears the voice and complexion, and allays
-thirst. There are three kinds of this, the 1st called Pooth, the 2nd
-Tilbund, or white Till, the 3rd is wild; it is heavy and astringent,
-increases mucus and bile, strengthens the head, cures boils, and all
-rheumatic affections. Is stomachic, increases knowledge, and restrain
-the secretion of urine. The best kind is black, next the white, and
-last in order the red. The flower of the Till is useful in disorders
-of the eye, such as specks, and that affection called Nachoona, and
-is applied mixed with Soorma with good effect. This is stated both
-in the Ejalenapheh and Elajejul-umrae.
-
-310 Toolsi.--"Ocimum Sanctum. (Roxb. MS.) Shrubby, hairy, branches
-four-sided, leaves ovate, oblong, serrated with margins, and petioles
-hairy; bractes petioled, ovate, cordate, ciliate, upper lip of the
-calyx round, cordate, and hairy, with corol twice its length. Its seed,
-Tookmi Rehan, H. of a mucilaginous nature."
-
-A common plant, about a yard high or more; its leaves small and
-longish, and serrated at the edges. The Hindoos consider it as very
-sacred, and worship it. It is a species of sweet basil (Raihan);
-bitter, pungent, hot, cardiac, and stomachic. It increases bile and
-general heat, cures Juzam, difficulty in making water, affections of
-the liver and blood.
-
-311 Tumakoo.--Nicotiana Tabacum, W. It is said in the Dara Shekoi,
-that it was first sown in India during the reign of Akber, or in
-the year of the Hidjera 1014, when it was imported from Europe, and
-sown by his order; now it is every where common, and is generally
-smoked. In the opinion of Hukeem Alli Gheelanee, it is hot and dry;
-its smoke from its heating quality confuses the ideas, and reduces
-the strength; from its discutient property, it weakens the brain,
-and depresses the spirits. Those who are of a cold, moist temperament,
-may derive benefit from its use, but those who are of equal temperament
-cannot use it with impunity. It is useful in piles the consequence of
-cold, also in waterbrash, and complaints of this nature; it promotes
-digestion and dissipates flatulent pains. It increases the strength
-of vision when it is weakened by the effects of cold, but adds to it
-when it has been caused by heat. In difficulty of breathing or pain
-in the chest, proceeding from an accumulation of viscid phlegm, it is
-very useful. It is prejudicial in thin spare habits; it shuts all the
-passages, decreases the power of the absorbents, and consequently
-prevents the absorption of chyle, thereby weakening the system,
-and drying up and emaciating the body. It produces hectic fever in
-the aged, and many other disorders in which medicine is useless. Its
-corrector, according to the author of the Dara Shekoi, is milk; and
-he gives this wise reason for it, that cloth stained with the smoke
-of tabacco can only be cleaned with milk. It is used in many ways,
-chewed, snuffed, smoked, &c. but is least prejudicial when smoked,
-after being mixed up with goor and preserves. I have by experience
-found it effectual in wind of the stomach, in pains produced by
-flatulence, and in the waterbrash; but have found it prejudicial
-to those labouring under depression of spirits, or who are subject
-to heartburns.
-
-The dried plant brought from Surat is more drying than any other,
-and ought to be washed in rose-water or Bedemushk before use.
-
-It is used by the Pytans as snuff: as a cephalic it strengthens
-the brain, and prevents the effects of indigestion on that organ,
-but it should not be used when people have weak eyes from heat. The
-author of the Ulfaz Udwiyeh says, that he had a friend who was blind,
-and that meeting him afterwards quite recovered, he was surprised to
-learn that his cure had been effected by his having smoked equal parts
-of tobacco and Sumhaloo; the women eat the Surat tobacco with pawn:
-and it increases digestion, and is discutient. It is beneficial in
-those temperaments which are cold and moist, and its juice is used
-for drying the vagina.
-
-312 Tamaal.--The Serroe tree. A tree resembling the Jhow, but much
-larger; in its properties resembling the Saul. It cures swellings,
-general heat, and blister.
-
-313 Tym.--A kind of fish, producing appetite and general strength.
-
-314 Tamaalputtur.--A name for Teeridje. Some have called it the leaf
-of the Tamaal tree, and named it Serroe, while others have said that it
-was the leaf of the Sandal tree. It is therefore uncertain what it is.
-
-315 Toon.--A kind of reed; its seed like the Benth; its flowers are
-used as a dye by the dyers of India, and are of a yellow color; cool,
-dry, astringent, producing wind, curing eruptions from an overflow
-of bile, also other eruptions of the skin and Juzam. A. Arheekun,
-but the author of the Topha says, that Arheekun is a name of the
-Isperuck, and that it is not like the Toon.
-
-316 Toon.--"Cedrela Tuna," W. See Sir W. Jones's description,
-vol. 4. As. R. page 273. Powder of the bark and extract used in the
-cure of fever.
-
-317 Tuntureek.--A name for Tuttereek, called also Seem·k.
-
-318 Tumbole.--A designation for Paan, but what is properly called
-so is a preparation used at marriages, composed of Paan bruised and
-the juice expressed, mace, nutmeg, cloves, and cardamoms, all bruised
-and mixed with sugar, and allowed some time till it ferment. Its use
-causes exhiliration of spirits, slight intoxication, and strengthens
-the system. It removes wind, is cardiac, and promotes dryness; those
-of a hot and dry temperament will be injured by its use; it sweetens
-the breath, and is generally known by this name.
-
-319 Tunkaar.--"Impure Borate of Soda, Boras SodÊ." A name of Borax,
-called also Zirkur; it is of two kinds, one white, called Curia,
-the other named Telia. The proportion of both are the same; it is
-refrigerant and detergent; strong, hot, and useful in mucus and wind,
-cough, and asthma. It is burnt in the fire, pounded, and with equal
-parts of Aloes and a little treacle made into pills, and as many
-used daily as will agree with the stomach. These will remove pains in
-the stomach, internal parts, chronic cough, difficulty of breathing,
-or any complaint of that nature. It is recommended, that it be taken
-every day for at least 20 days, but if this cannot be done, it may be
-used at intervals for the above-mentioned complaints; this advice is
-given from the Echtyarat Casmi. The whole properties of this medicine
-are only known to Indian physicians, and from experience, I know it
-to be a powerful promoter of digestion if taken about an hour after
-meals with a little water only; it is called also Tunkunka·r.
-
-320 Tawakeer.--A medicine of India, useful in gonorrhoea and dysuria
-ardens.
-
-321 Tombrir, also Tombie.--A bitter cuddoo. There is a kind of this in
-which the seed is not bitter; it is heavy, though some call it light;
-it is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-The one in which the seed is bitter, is cool, cardiac, and an
-antidote to poisons; useful in cough and bile. If the seed be taken
-when the moon is in the wane, bruised, and for 21 days, steeped in
-the juice of ginger, its oil extracted and preserved in a bottle,
-it will be found that this oil, when a year old, rubbed over the body
-in weakly habits will renovate strength, and it is also said that it
-will consolidate mercury.
-
-322 Turai.--"Cucumis Acutangulus, Roxb. Hibiscus Esculentus?" A
-common vegetable, bitter and dry, light and suppurating; beneficial in
-swellings, marasmus, dropsy, affection of the spleen, Juzam, piles,
-mucous disorders, and bile. Another kind is called Geea, and is very
-mucilaginous and cool, but increases mucous disorders. A third kind
-is named Arra, and is aperient and useful in bilious disorders.
-
-Turai is a very common culinary vegetable of India, and the people sow
-it in their houses; its flower is very beautiful, of a yellow color,
-and the fruit is extremely mucilaginous. If it is sown at the root of a
-tree or wall, it will climb for support; its leaves resemble the vine,
-its fruit is about 2 or 3 inches long, and about the thickness of
-the thumb or even thicker; the second and third kinds are larger and
-thicker than the first, but the latter is the best, and those are to
-be chosen which are thin, small, and soft. It is in my opinion cool,
-moist, and aperient; beneficial in hot temperaments and weakness of
-the stomach; those of a dry temperament will find it particularly
-beneficial; it is a proper food for those labouring under fever. The
-2nd kind is the most mucilaginous; the 3rd less so than the 1st.
-
-323 Toour.--A kind of Arhur. "Cytisus Cajan."
-
-324 Tooiekam.--A kind of Rattan.
-
-325 Toodun.--A kind of Kakroo.
-
-326 Toott.--A common tree, of the middling size; its leaves are a
-little oval, very soft and easily squeezed; its fruit is half an inch
-long or more, both white and black, the best without seeds, and much
-less than the rest. It is sweet and easy of digestion, strengthens
-the system and kidnies; is aphrodisiac, increases blood, remedies
-costiveness; is hot and dry. Those without seed, more efficient than
-any other. I have written what I have experienced of its effect,
-but much more is said of its properties in Yunani publications. Its
-bruised leaves with salt said to be suppurative and discutient.
-
-327 Thour.--Euphorbia Neriifolia, Roxb. called also Th˙r. A kind
-of Zekoom, (thorny tree,) some call it Synhud, others describe it
-as resembling the Zekoom, and that its fruit is like the Hurrhee,
-but the ThÛor and Synhud do not bear fruit. The milk of the plant
-blisters the skin; its expressed oil is aphrodisiac, and possesses
-other properties. A cloth wet with the milk, is used as an aphrodisiac,
-and the particular manner will be found in the Ilajulumrar and the
-IjalÈn·pheh.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, it is thus mentioned: ThewÈr. In the opinion
-of the people of India, it removes costiveness, cures affections of
-the spleen and spasms of the stomach, and evacuates the bowels and
-Fetuek; if its leaves are boiled in water or Dhaie with a little
-salt, strained and drank with a little cow's ghee, it will cure all
-disorders of wind and vitiated bile, and relax the bowels. The milk
-of the Thewer is procured as follows:
-
-Pierce the plant close to the root, and fill the wound during a night
-with asafoetida, in the morning remove the gum, and attach a vessel to
-receive the exuding milk, and should the juice be required very thin,
-a little salt may be added to the asafoetida.
-
-328 Tendhoo, called also Tendook.--"Diospyros Ebenum," another kind
-is called Bychtendook. A tree of India, of a large size; its fruit
-like the Anula, but smaller. The first kind cures boils, eruption
-and disorders of wind. When the tree becomes aged, it produces the
-ebony, which is the centre; it cures bilious disorders; its unripe
-fruit is cool, astringent and increases wind. When ripe it is heavy,
-beneficial in bilious complaints, disorders of the blood, and seminal
-weakness; The second kind is nearly similar in its properties; but
-is more cooling, light, and astringent.
-
-329 Tejotee.--Bitter, pungent, hot, stomachic, useful in disorders
-of mucus, wind, dysuria, cough, and convulsions.
-
-330 Teetur.--The Partridge, "Perdix Francolinus." Its flesh increases
-the color of the skin, renders the bowels costive; is stomachic,
-useful in hiccup, and disorders of the three principal secretions;
-beneficial in difficulty of breathing, cough, and dropsy.
-
-331 Tendooa.--"The Leopard, Felis Leopardus." Some say the Indian name
-for this is Nimonur. The people of India call it a species of tiger,
-but it is smaller; it is also named Tendoo.
-
-332 Telkirur or Telk˙r.--The oil of the Kojora; it is bitter, pungent,
-hot, beneficial in affections from wind, strengthens the system,
-diminishes the eye-sight, increases the three principal secretions,
-and produces heart-burn.
-
-333 Tesoo.--The flower of the Palass.
-
-334 Tezpat.--A name for Patrudje.
-
-335 Teerun.--Cool, bitter, useful in wounds, and improves the
-complexion.
-
-336 Terbile.--A medicine of India.
-
-337 Teetee.--The name of the fruit Karele.
-
-338 Jamin.--"Eugenia Jambolana." One of the largest of trees;
-its leaves about 3 inches long and half an inch broad, of an oval
-shape. The fruit is round and of three kinds, the Deeriaie, the
-Bhagaie, and Sehraie. Of the Bhagaie, there are two kinds, the largest
-called Churputtra and the common Jamun. The common name of the Deeriaie
-is Nadeye. All kinds are dry and astringent; cures disorders of mucus,
-bile, blood, and boils and eruptions, but when the fruit is large
-it is sweet, and difficult of digestion; it cures swellings in the
-body. Some have called the Ray Jamun hot. The Sehraie is strengthening,
-and increases semen. There is a kind of Jamun grown in Delhi, that is
-without stones, and very sweet; in my opinion this is the best of all,
-and next to it must rank the Ray Jamun.
-
-That fruit which is found in the latter end of the rains is called
-Bhadeya, and is also sweet. In my opinion it is cool and moist, and
-stomachic, but the one without the stone, named BËd·na, is more so
-than the other kinds.
-
-The juice of the fruit is to be preferred as a stomachic, and is more
-grateful to the taste. It is best prepared by being sprinkled with
-salt, and shaken in a dish, which deprives it of its great astringency
-and corrects its hurtful qualities.
-
-There is a kind of jamun of the color of dry grass, of a yellowish
-white color, smaller than those described, of a pleasant smell. Nawab
-Assoph-ul-Dowlah at Lucknow, taking into consideration its scarcity,
-brought it from the eastward, and sowed it in his gardens. It is the
-now common goolaub jamun, and smells of roses; there is also a kind
-of jamun at Lucknow called Phalenda.
-
-339 Jatie.--A name for Chumbelie, "Jasminum Grandiflorum."
-
-340 Chaab.--The fruit of the Guj peepul, cures hemorrhoids, and
-resembles peepulamool in its properties.
-
-341 Jaie Puttrie.--Hot, light, vermifuge, cures mucous disorders,
-and is an antidote to poisons. It is a name for Bisbass.
-
-342 Chakussoo.--A Jeshmoridj. If 21 grains of this be bruized and
-moistened with filings of Sandal-wood in water, in a new earthern
-vessel, and drank in the morning, it will be found very effectual in
-Dysuria ardens.
-
-343 Jaiphill.--"Nutmeg, Myristica Aromatica, Myristica Moschata." Hot,
-light, stomachic, clears the throat, cures mucous disorders, and
-allays vomiting; is vermifuge, remedies any irregularity in the sense
-of smelling and cough.
-
-344 Charai, or Charwolie; both names of Cherownjee.
-
-345 Jaal.--A kind of fish.
-
-346 Jaiey.--Jasminum Grandiflorum? A sweet smelling flower, bitter
-and cool, useful in eruptions of the mouth from heat, in disordered
-eye sight, and affections of the uterus, also in wounds and ulcers.
-
-347 Chakoth.--A culinary vegetable, sweet and saltish, useful in
-affections of wind, mucus, bile; fever, and piles. It also remedies
-costiveness, improves the taste of the mouth, and clears the olfactory
-nerves.
-
-348 Chalkurie.--A name for Foo or Mujeeth.
-
-349 Changerie.--A name for Umulchhangerie.
-
-350 Cheebook.--A kind of Khurnie.
-
-351 Chitchera or Chichira, also Chirchira. P. Khasmar. "Achyranthus
-aspera." Pungent and laxative, increases appetite, cures disorders
-of wind and mucus, daad, seulie, piles, itch, (both dry and moist,)
-itchiness in the bowels, dropsy, boils, and other eruptions. Another
-kind is red; both are dry and astringent. The seed is beneficial in
-those eruptions, the consequence of vitiated bile. The red flowers
-are very common, the white are more scarce; if the white flower
-be preserved about the person, it will render one invulnerable. In
-disorders of the blood, the root bruised in water and taken is useful,
-mixed with dhaie and sugar, it is of use in Menhorragia cruenta. The
-stem of the plant used as a tooth-brush is excellent in disorders of
-the teeth, and sweetens the breath. The juice of its leaves squeezed
-into the eye improves eye-sight. The seeds and leaves pounded and
-drank in a seer of milk is a powerful emetic, or if they be taken
-to the quantity of four tolahs daily for 21 days in congee, they
-will cure bleeding, piles, and bruised and applied externally, will
-act as styptics. The white flowers kept on the person, will prevent
-you from being stung by a scorpion, or will remove the pain when
-externally applied.
-
-352 Chetuck.--A name given to birds that inhabit wild places,
-(those more tame are called Chiria,) they are sweet to the taste;
-cold and moist. Aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders called Sunpat,
-and increase phlegm. Tame fowl is hot and dry, also aphrodisiac.
-
-353 Jutamassie.--Bitter and cold, clears the skin, useful in
-mucous disorders or diffusion of bile in the blood, in affections
-of the throat, and is an antidote to poisons. "Spikenard, Valeriana
-Jatamansi."
-
-354 Chuttra.--During digestion it is hot, and produces a burning
-sensation, curative in itch and flatulence.
-
-355 Chuttur Phill.--A name of Syneed, a kind of Khoreacera.
-
-356 Chichinda, also Chunchilund, "Beta Vulgaris." The root of a
-culinary vegetable of India. It is of a long tapering shape like
-the carrot, and is in general use. I have experienced it to be of
-use in dry emaciation, and that it is sweet and stomachic, light and
-beneficial in superabundance of bile, increases appetite, and removes
-viscid mucus and bile. The root is laxative. Another kind is bitter,
-hot, and moist, decreases bile, mucus and heat, and cures all disorders
-of the blood.
-
-357 Chachoondur, also called Chulde. "Sorex Cerulescens, Shaw." "Sorex
-Ceruleus, Turton." The Musk-rat. P. Kormoosh. If its meat is applied
-to the ulcer at the back of the neck called Khoonadeer, it will be
-found very effectual. If its brain be dissolved in oil and applied as
-a friction to the spots of white leprosy, and other discolorations
-of the skin, it will remove them. If the scrotum is tied up and
-preserved about the person as a charm, it will increase and lengthen
-the continuance of aphrodisia.
-
-358 Chirchirra.--A name for Chitchira.
-
-359 Chirpoota.--A medicine of India, cool and dry, and aperient;
-cures difficulty of breathing and cough.
-
-360 Chiria.--A name for Roonjisk, called also Chituck.
-
-361 Chirownjee.--"The nut of the Chironjia Sapida." A round or oval
-seed like the peepul, of a dark-brown colour. The tree is of the milky
-kind, the leaves white, or of an earthy color, an oil is expressed
-from its kernel. A. Hubboossum'na. P. Nookul Khaja. It is sweet and
-oleaginous, heavy and luxative, beneficial in bilious and mucous
-disorders, in foulness of the blood, heat of the body, and bruises,
-and it increases wind.
-
-It is also written that Chirownjie is the kernel of the stone of
-a fruit, of the appearance and taste of the phalsa, and that it is
-dried and carried hence to various countries. It is very common in
-Bundelcund, it ripens in the commencement of the hot weather, and the
-capsule is said to be separated from the kernel in a hand-mill. The
-tree is large: the nuts are strung on thread and used by the natives
-as necklaces, and they are roasted and eaten as food.
-
-362 Cherayta, called also Punsaal. "Gentiana Chirayata,
-Roxb. Sp. Ch. Herbaceous, leaves stem-clasping, lanceolate, 3-5-nerved,
-corol rotate, four cleft, smooth stamens, four, capsule ovate,
-bifurcate, as long as the calyx." It is bitter, cool, and dry,
-light, and producing wind, beneficial in cough, general heat, and
-fever. A. RusbuzzËreera.
-
-363 Jest in P. Roo Tootia. It is hot and light, and during digestion
-cool and heavy; facilitates the fusion of metals.
-
-364 Chesteymud, called also Chestee, also Chitenmud. "Glycyrrhira
-Glabra. W. Glycine Abrus, Linn." in Arabic AssÛoloos'oos.
-
-365 Chukunder.--A name for Saluk.
-
-366 Chikara.--A kind of deer; its tail is black, and its meat sweet,
-cool, light, and astringent, stomachic, cardiac, and beneficial in
-disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.
-
-367 Chukora. In P. Rubk. "A variety of Titroo Rufus."
-
-368 Chukua Chukui.--"Anas Casarea." The Braminee Duck. Its flesh is
-sweet, cool, moist, and heavy, strengthens the system, restrains the
-flow of urine and fÊces, cures affections of wind, bile, and blood. In
-P. it is named Soorkhab and Chukawuck, A. KumbÈera.
-
-369 Chukeerka.--The white kind of the seed, called Soorkh, a common
-seed, used as a weight; properties the same.
-
-370 Choekurk.--A name of the grain Koolthie.
-
-371 Chukond.--A name of the Penwar or Chukwand.
-
-372 Chukotrah.--A fruit of Hindost'han; its tree like the Rutael,
-with double leaves, the under one very small. It is very easily
-engrafted on the Rutael tree. The fruit is green and round; its
-capsule granulated; its green color is that of a small melon; inside
-it is red; the divisions very small. It is sweet, acid, and bitter,
-and is ate with salt or sugar. It is cool in its properties, allays
-thirst from bile, creates appetite. In no book of Hindost'han have I
-been able to find any account of it. "Citrus Decumanus. The Pumalo,
-Batabi Neemboo, Pumpleuoes."
-
-373 Jooqunoo.--"Lampyris." The fire fly. P. Kermukshub
-Cherag. A. Hubahub. It shines in the night during the rains.
-
-374 Chukadana.--The name of a seed of an earthy color; hard, and
-having a small kernel; it is like the HubËbulsa, but is somewhat
-larger; the latter besides is pointed at both ends, whereas this is
-not. The women of Delhi give this in purges for children.
-
-375 Jillpeelbuka, also called Jill peepul, or Phylphilabi. It is
-cool and dry, and astringent; cardiac and aphrodisiac, strengthens
-the eyes, cures disorders of blood, heat in the chest, boils and
-inveterate eruptions; another kind of it is red, dry, beneficial in
-affections of wind, mucus, and is astringent. Its fruit is beneficial
-in eruption from vitiated bile. Red flowers very common.
-
-376 Chellwuk.--A large tree of India. Its fresh leaves are used as an
-application to inflamatory Daad, or other watery eruptions, as well
-as the common Daad. This I have found from experience. Sybr is first
-applied to produce some inflammation, and then this application is
-made use of. A patient of mine was long annoyed with Daad in both
-his shoulders, for the cure of which he had tried many remedies. I
-recommended this, he took a quantity of the leaves, bruised them, and
-applied them over the parts, but from the great heat and irritation
-they produced, he quickly removed them; he then applied the Mooltance
-earth, to remove the irritation, this so far succeeded, but the part
-rose in blisters, the water from the blisters being discharged,
-the complaint was found relieved, when the parts were well, he
-again applied the leaves, this destroyed the disease, and left
-the place all black. The skin soon re-assumed its wonted color,
-and the disease was perfectly cured. From the above circumstance,
-I am led to conclude, that the application is a very powerful one,
-and acts as a blister. If they are applied to parts which have been
-deprived of sensation, it will be equally effectual as Sutoobria.
-
-377 Cheylchish.--A very hurtful kind of fish, which increases disorders
-of the three principal secretions.
-
-378 Chillie.--A kind of culinary greens, from the common vegetable
-called cheel; cool, dry, light, aperient; promotes appetite, increases
-knowledge, strengthens the system, cures disorders of the spleen,
-blood, and the three secretions, and is vermifuge. One kind named Kutf,
-also Buthua.
-
-379 Jill Benth.--A kind of ratan.
-
-380 Jill Butees.--Cool, astringent, producing flatulence.
-
-381 Jill Neeb.--A small plant; its branches minute; also its leaves
-like the Loonia saag; it creeps on the ground, and is to be found
-near rivers. It is very bitter, and from its constant vicinity to
-water has obtained its name. It is purgative, powerfully so, in the
-quantity of 6 mashas. In herpetic eruptions and Lues venerea it is
-very beneficial, but it can only be given with safety to those who
-are not in a weak state.
-
-382 Chumgader.--The Bat. A. Khuffash. Its blood rubbed on the feet
-is aphrodisiac. Its properties are particularly described in the
-Yunani works.
-
-383 Jamalgota.--Vide Datoon. "Croton Tiglium."
-
-384 Chumbeley.--"Jasminum Grandiflorum." A white flower, of a strong,
-sweet smell, one kind is yellow, and named Soorunjati: alike in their
-properties, both are hot and light, useful in head-aches, pains in
-the eyes, and teeth, in boils, eruptions and foulness of the blood.
-
-A decoction of its leaves in water will cure tooth-ache; the mouth
-being repeatedly washed with it. The juice of the root taken with milk
-will remove suppression of urine, and many have made the experiment
-with success.
-
-385 Champa or Chumpuk, "Michelia Champaca." A flower of India,
-of a pyramidal shape, its color is a light or whitish yellow, very
-beautiful, and as such is often quoted as the perfection of color.
-
-In this part of the country, it is very common; it cures difficulty
-in voiding urine, disorders of mucus, blood, and nausea. It is
-pungently bitter and cool; useful in injuries of the nose, and
-in general heat. One kind is called Paak Chumpa, hot and pungent,
-creates appetite, improves eye-sight, diminishes mucus, and cures
-bruises. The smell is cardiac and stomachic.
-
-386 ChermbÊrie.--An acid fruit of India; beneficial in itchiness of
-stomach, disorders of mucus and wind, depraved taste, pains of the
-chest, loss of appetite, and worms. Its acid removes the effects of
-intoxication; it is cool in its properties. The sweet kind is bitter,
-and a little heating.
-
-387 Junthmook.--In taste it is sweet, and is like the Saalie, (a kind
-of rice;) in its effects, but the best of all kinds of rice is the
-Christn daan, and that which has been sown in a soil manured by ashes,
-is the lightest and best in curing mucous disorders. The rice produced
-in the common manner is heavy, useful in disorders of bile and wind,
-and frequent change of soil, or the plant removed or transplanted to
-another soil is the best. It is diuretic and generally beneficial.
-
-388 Jungliechuha.--P. Runfeer. Its flesh is useful in cough, difficulty
-of breathing, foulness of blood; is dry and beneficial in all the
-three secretions. The meat of the female is to be preferred to that
-of the male.
-
-389 Chumbuck.--Cool and decreases corpulency; is an antidote to
-poison. A. Hyzr Mukunatees.
-
-390 Chundurkanth.--Its taste is sweet and astringent; it is cool and
-aperient, strengthens the eyes, reduces corpulency, cures boils and
-eruptions, and is an antidote to poison. A. Hyzrool Kummur.
-
-391 Chundsoor.--Vide Haloo. "Lepedium Sativum."
-
-392 Chundun.--"Santalum Album, W. or Sirium myrtifolium." P. Sandal
-Suffed. A little bitter; cool, dry, and light; is cardiac and
-exhilirates the spirits; is tonic; an antidote to poisons; useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, allays thirst, heat in the chest,
-clears the complexion. Its real name is Ujelah. Chundun, and Rukut
-Chundun is the name for red Sandal.
-
-393 Chundunsarba.--A name for white Kalesur.
-
-394 Junth.--The name of a large tree, like the peepul; its leaves
-like those of the tamarind; it is prickly, and its bark white.
-
-395 Jawansa.--P. Khar Shooter. It is sweet and bitter, cool, light,
-and aperient, cures bilious disorders and those of the blood. Also
-vertigo. Hedysarum Alhagi.
-
-396 Choke.--Bitter, soft, and emetic, useful in foulness of the blood,
-mucus, poisons, worms, flatulence, itch and Juzam. "Maadentezerrubad."
-
-"Choke is a medicine of India, it is a black juice, very acid, soft,
-cool, and dry, increasing appetite, promoting digestion, stomachic
-and astringent, lessens the secretion of bile, and injuries of the
-tendons. Its corrector is sugar; its succedaneum Bejowra, dose 1/2
-to 1 direm."
-
-397 Chowlai or Chowrai, "Amaranthus Polygamus." One kind of it called
-also gunder; a kind of culinary greens, used by the people of India;
-cool and dry, useful in bilious disorders, mucus, and blood, and is
-diuretic and aperient. It is stomachic, promotes digestion, and cures
-eruptions from vitiated bile. Another kind of it is named mursai;
-cool, heavy, and aperient; useful in seminal weakness, and disorders
-of the three secretions. A. BokulÊ Yemania.
-
-398 Juhi.--A small white flower, also a yellow kind. In the Dhunteri,
-it is said there are three kinds of it, a white, yellow, and purple. It
-has a sweet smell, and some have called it a species of jessamine. In
-Delhi it obtains the name of Jahee Juhi, but these two words are,
-properly speaking, distinct names for different flowers, and the
-author of the Echtyar Casmi has described them separately. It is
-cool and beneficial in affections of the eyes, and increases wind
-and mucus. "Jasminum Auriculatum."
-
-399 Juwar.--"Holcus sorghum." A. Zoorra. A grain; sweet to the taste,
-cool and producing wind, useful in mucous disorders and bile, and in
-my opinion is difficult of digestion. It is aphrodisiac, and if eaten
-to excess, produces flatulent pains in the bowels. One kind is named
-Mukaiy, and possesses the same properties.
-
-400 Joonk.--A name for an Indian plant, about a yard high, more or
-less; its leaves are small, and its seed about half an inch in length,
-resembling a leech; sweet, cool, heavy, and useful in gonorrhoea,
-cures wind, bile, and phlegm. Its leaves are very mucilaginous,
-and the children of India play with the pods, sticking them to
-their bodies like leeches. It grows in the rains, and usually in
-uncultivated places.
-
-401 Juhan.--A kind of anise seed, commonly called Adjwain Kermanie. I
-have described its properties under the head Adjwain.
-
-402 Jawakhar.--A name for Nuttroon; pungent, hot, and aperient; useful
-in affections of wind, mucus, dropsy, pains in the bowels, dysuria,
-and is lithontriptic. In the Maadentezerrubad, it is written, that it
-is hot and dry, diuretic and aperient, useful in disorders of mucus,
-wind, dropsy, pains in the bowels; is lithontriptic, and beneficial
-in the spleen and indolent tumors.
-
-403 Chouch.--A large and small kind; pungent and hot; astringent
-and sweet; inducing costiveness; stomachic; beneficial in cholicks,
-inflammatory pains in the spleen, and other pains in the bowels. It
-is a favorite ingredient in many formulÊ.
-
-404 Chehtaon.--A tree of India; aperient, and useful in disorders of
-mucus and wind; also in Juzam, boils, and eruptions.
-
-405 Jholputtur.--A kind Asheer; cool, light, and cardiac; cures
-disorders of mucus and bile, and diminishes the volume of blood.
-
-406 Cherakakoli or Chershookla; also Chermudera; sweet, cool, heavy,
-aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders of blood, bile, heart-burn,
-dryness of the mouth, thirst, fever, emaciation and dropsy.
-
-In the Dhunteri, it is also said to promote digestion, and to
-be pleasant in flavor, and agreeable in its effects; to cure
-suppression of urine and pains in the chest. It also is used as a
-cephalic. It is said to cure affections of mucus, Juzam and worms,
-and to cause an increase of bile; it is commonly known by the name
-of Nuckchickenie. Vide N.
-
-407 Choonderdhan or Jowdhan.--A kind of rice, called also Rukitsaal.
-
-408 Cherie.--The goat; its flesh is moist and heavy, but easy of
-digestion; useful in disorders of the three secretions; produces no
-heat at stomach, increases semen, and renders the sense of smelling
-more acute: it is also called Bukeri. A. Mehyr.
-
-409 Jeengha.--A kind of shell-fish; hot and dry; those newly taken
-are to be preferred; they are aphrodisiac, aperient, and grateful to
-the taste. This may generally be true, but bad effects have followed
-their use, and that which is salted is melanagogue, or produces black
-bile; the corrector is oil of almonds. P. Muluch Diriae, A. Jeradool
-Bahr. Some have said that the Robean is the same fish.
-
-410 Junkar.--A name for the deer Barasingha.
-
-411 Jojakhar.--A name for nitre.
-
-412 Chohara.--"The date. Phoenix Dactylifera." P. called KhoÛrma
-sunshekun; aphrodisiac; it is ate with milk. If the ChÛhara is
-bruised, and with salep and sugar boiled in milk, till nearly half
-the milk shall be evaporated, then drank, it will be found useful as
-an aphrodisiac, increasing the bulk of the solids, and if it digests
-easily, it will be found peculiarly useful. If roasted and eat with
-opium, it becomes astringent.
-
-413 Chirr, and another kind, which is black; both are cold, and
-useful in disorders of all the secretions, heat of the body, and
-Juzam. P. Soombulutteeb.
-
-414 Chereela.--In its properties it resembles SËleËchih, (Cassia
-Lignea.) P. Ooshna.
-
-415 Jhow.--A name of Turfa. If bruised and mixed with vinegar it
-suppurates indolent swellings, and also scirrhous swellings of
-the spleen.
-
-416 Cherkund.--A kind of Beedareekund, which is white.
-
-417 Chundurseha.--A name for Mudukp˙rnie.
-
-418 Choocheroo.--A name for SÌrphonka.
-
-419 Jhirberie.--"Jujube." A name for wild Baer; is acid, cool, useful
-in bile, cardiac, and astringent: if dried and pounded, it is called
-B˙rchun; this possesses all its properties, but is more astringent.
-
-420 Jyaphupp.--Another kind of it is Tersindiapurni; its seed is made
-into beads. It is also called Surupjea; it is astringent, strengthens
-the hair of the head, and darkens its color.
-
-421 CheehurÊ.--A tree of India; there is another kind called Choobnuz,
-and a third kind S·toona. Its wood smells strong and rancid; it is
-hot and dry in the 3rd degree; it is very oleaginous and greasy. If
-its juice be expelled by heat and collected, it is excellent
-as an application in paralysis, and it also cleanses large foul
-ulcers. Its milk is pungent and heating, and it is an active poison,
-hot and dry in the 4th degree; applied to the skin, it blisters; it
-is used in swellings from cold. Its wood is used internally in loss
-of voluntary motion or insensibility and epilepsy, and it is said to
-be lithontriptic. It injures the lungs, and its corrector is oil of
-almonds and gum. The dose is 3 mashas.
-
-422 Jeewuk.--Cool and aphrodisiac; increases semen and mucus; cures
-disorders of bile, wind, heart-burn, emaciation, and hectic fever.
-
-423 Cheenuk.--A tree of Hindostan; hot; useful in boils and eruptions,
-affections of the heart and disorders of wind; it is astringent.
-
-424 Jeewuntie or JeÈw˙nie or JÈw·; cool, sweet, moist, light;
-strengthens the system and eyesight; is astringent; useful in
-disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It forms an ingredient in
-all favorite formulÊ, and it removes feverish heat. The people of
-India use its greens in the beginning of the cold weather as food;
-the small Jeewuntie being considered as one of the best of culinary
-vegetables. It is called also Saag Sherista. The large kind is named
-BheÈndoorie, from its more limited mode of spreading its branches,
-and the small kind, for the contrary reason, is called BÈldoÛrie:
-this spreads to a great distance, and creeps along whatever it comes
-in contact with. The fruit is like the cucumber.
-
-The above is also the name of a flower, which in the Dhunteri is said
-to be aphrodisiac, and to clear the voice.
-
-425 Jeewung.--Also Buthua. Its stem is red.
-
-426 Cheedah.--The small pine (Senobir Jegheer); sweet; pungent during
-digestion; bitter, hot, moist, light; useful in windy disorders,
-and affections of the eyes, throat, and ear.
-
-427 Cheenah.--"Millet. Panicum
-Italicum. Pan. Pilosum." P. Arzum. A. Dakhun. Its properties are
-nearly the same as the small seed called Kongnee.
-
-428 Cheetul.--An Indian Deer, black and white, pyebald. Its flesh
-has the same properties as the Chikara.
-
-429 Cheetah.--Its meat is hot and heavy; useful in disorders of wind,
-affections of the eyes and voice. In A. Phahus; it is also the name
-of a medicine mentioned hereafter.
-
-430 Cheel.--"The Kite. Falco Cheela," Lath. Its meat is heavy, and
-increases disorders of the three secretions. In P. Gh˙llevaz. A. Hyd·t.
-
-431 Jeepaul.--A name for Jamalgota.
-
-432 Cheetah.--"Valerian? Plumbago Zeylanica or Plumbago Rosea, W." A
-medicine; one kind of which is red, the other purple; inside of a
-yellowish color; both woods are very thin, and both are pungent,
-bitter, dry, light, astringent, stomachic, and increase the powers
-of digestion. The red kind, mixed with strong vinegar, and rubbed
-hard on the spots of white leprosy till blisters arise, will have
-the effect of removing the complaint. A. Sheetrudj.
-
-433 Cheea or Cheetkeh, both names for Hurr.
-
-434 Khutchur.--A. Bagul. P. Astur. The mule. Its flesh increases
-strength; is aphrodisiac; it likewise increases mucus and bile.
-
-435 Khergosh.--So called in Persian. The hare. Its Indian name is
-Suss·h. Vide S.
-
-436 Kherboozah.--So named, both in Persian and Hinduee. It is hot,
-dry, light, and sweet; when ripe it increases bile, and is diuretic
-and lithontriptic. Its corrector is oxymel.
-
-437 Khuss, also OsheËre.--In the hot weather it is used for cooling
-houses. It is cool, assists digestion; is astringent, and cures
-bilious disorders; also those of mucus and blood. It allays thirst,
-cures blisters and acne, general heat, dysuria, boils and eruptions;
-prolongs aphrodisia, and I have found it excellent as a cardiac
-and astringent.
-
-438 Darhuld.--The wood of a tree called Huld. It is pungent and bitter;
-hot, dry, and useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood, in acne,
-seminal weakness, swellings of the body, marasmus, boils, eruptions,
-in affections of the eye, pain in the ear; is lithontriptic, and
-cicatrizes wounds.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, is the following:
-
-Darhuld is a wood of a yellow color; if bruised with Malageer, mixed
-with honey, and taken, it will be found excellent in marasmus, and
-as an external application in the itch.
-
-439 Datoon also Danth or Danti, names for Hubboos Salateen. In Hinduee
-Jamalgota. "Croton Tiglium, W. Jayap·la, S." It is bitter, pungent,
-and hot; promotes digestion; cures bilious affections, also foulness
-of the blood, disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, dropsy, and
-worms. It is violently purgative, and clears off the three secretions,
-but more especially mucus and black bile. It is not a safe medicine
-for weakly people, children, or the aged; but it is proper for those
-of strong constitutions, such as the Highlanders or country people,
-on whom weaker medicines have little effect. I have seen some of
-the hill people eat from 5 to 10 of the nuts without producing more
-than two or three motions, whereas the people of this city (Delhi)
-find half a nut as much as they can well bear.
-
-The small green substance in the centre or heart of the nut, ought
-to be thrown aside, as it is poisonous. I have given this medicine
-very often with great good effect, and it is a general favorite with
-the physicians of Hindostan. In cholicks attended with vomiting,
-I have prescribed it with good effect.
-
-440 Daoodie.--A common plant, about half a yard high, on which grows
-white and yellow flowers; it is hot and dry, and the smell of the
-flowers removes disorders from cold on the brain by heating it. The
-powder of the flowers, in the quantity of 6 mashas, with sugar, is
-lithontriptic, and in the quantity of 3 mashas if it be boiled, and
-the decoction drank with sugar, it will also be found beneficial. If
-the flowers are boiled in oil, till the virtue be extracted, the oil
-will form an excellent external application in all affections arising
-from cold; a conserve of its flowers strengthens the stomach and the
-brain, and removes depression of spirits. The juice of the leaves is
-attenuating and suppurating. "Marigold, Chrysanthemum."
-
-441 Dabeh.--A kind of grass; useful in suppression of urine; is
-lithontriptic; cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and removes pains in
-the urinary bladder.
-
-442 Darum.--The pomegranate of the hills. "Punica granatum, W." It is
-very acid and astringent; it increases appetite and promotes digestion;
-is cardiac; decreases bile, removes depression of spirits, and the
-sweet kind decreases the 3 secretions.
-
-"The bark of the root a cure for TÊnia. Boil 8oz. in 3lb. of water
-to a quart. Of this the patient takes a wine-glassful, and repeats
-it as the faintness will admit."
-
-443 Darmee Saar.--The pomegranate seed. It cures disorders of bile. I
-have found its powder very useful in giving tone to the stomach and
-removing heated bile; it is also astringent. Mixed with medicines of a
-laxative nature, it is given in India on account of its tonic effects,
-and its preventing injury from other medicines.
-
-444 Darma called also Soombulkhar, or rather it is a species of
-arsenic.
-
-445 Dakh.--Cool, heavy, aperient; improves eye-sight; increases
-aphrodisia; removes fever, thirst, difficulty of breathing, affections
-of wind, bile, and blood, jaundice, dysuria, and heat of body. Its
-corrector is to be found in its acid, which cures mucous disorders and
-eruptions from vitiated bile, and the same effects will be produced by
-grapes without seeds. The hill grapes are acid, light, and useful in
-mucous disorders, but in some degree increase bile. Ungoor. The grape.
-
-446 Daad Murden.--"Cassia Alata, W." The expressed juice of the leaves,
-mixed with salt, used for the cure of ring-worm.
-
-447 Dooparia.--"Pentapetes PhÊnicia." The name of a common flower, of
-a rose color, and white, and flowers at noon. It is light, astringent,
-and cures disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-448 Dutchina Virna.--Bitter and heavy in digestion; dry, and increasing
-wind; cures cough, boils, eruptions, disorders of bile, and affections
-of the eyes.
-
-449 Durba.--A name for Doob, called also Shittb˙ra.
-
-450 Durbhur.--A kind of Lawa. Vide L.
-
-451 Dusmool.--A mixture of both kinds of PunjËmoÚl; it increases
-appetite; cures disorders of bile, mucus, difficulty of breathing,
-cough; decreases perspiration; removes morbid inclination to sleep,
-also fever, flatulence, pains in the bowels, and pleuritic affections.
-
-452 Dukdoka.--A name for DoÚdhËe.
-
-453 Dumna.--A kind of Murzunjoosh, called also Dawna; its leaves
-have a finer smell than the flower, and are very numerous. It is an
-antidote to poisons; useful in disorders of the blood and the three
-secretions, Juzam, nausea, and watery itch. Its properties are hot,
-and it is hurtful to those of the like temperament. Its smell causes
-dryness of the brain. The wild Dawna is the most powerful.
-
-454 Dundundana.--A shrub about a yard high; its leaves like those
-of the Baer. It is a trefoil, and in the centre of the three leaves
-there is a capsule, which when ripe breaks and discharges the seed;
-it is of a whitish brown color, some more white than others; its seed
-resembles those of the safflower, but is longer and more broad. It
-is used as an ingredient in the first medicine given to a child at
-its birth to clear its bowels.
-
-455 Doon also Shittb·ra.--The latter is white and cool; cures acne,
-disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst, and general heat. "Poa
-Cynosuroides."
-
-456 Doodhee called also DukdÚka.--A grass of two kinds. The first
-kind does not rise from the ground; its leaves green; its fibres very
-small. The leaves like the Til. If the branch is broken, a white juice
-exudes like milk; from this it has derived its name; it grows about
-a span in diameter. The second kind has red branches, and is much
-about the size of the other; the first is the hottest and best. It
-is dry, heavy, and aphrodisiac; cures affections of wind and mucus,
-also Juzam and worms. It is flatulent; and a third kind of it called
-Mydha SeËngie; also a fourth JhËnawurha.
-
-From the Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Doodhee is of three kinds: The first large, called Meendha doodee;
-its tree like the Bael; its fruit like the Aak, and like it too,
-there is a cottony substance contained in it. Its flowers are white,
-and milk exudes from its broken branches. If the cottony substance
-be applied to the piles, and the patient seated over a hot place,
-that the cotton become well heated, it will cure the complaint. Its
-leaves are like the Paan. The second kind is very small, and remains
-spread on the ground; its branches are red, and its leaves thin; it is
-beneficial in gonorrhoea and in ulcers of the urethra. If it is bruised
-and eaten for a year, in the quantity that can be held in the palm of
-the hand, it will be aphrodisiac, increase the secretion of semen,
-make the hair black, and preserve the eyesight. The 3rd kind grows
-to the height of 7 or 8 inches, and is useful in seminal weakness
-and diabetes. If 9 mashas be taken with sugar, it will be useful in
-remedying a too hurried seminal evacuation and heartburns. The second
-kind is cool and dry. "Euphorbia hirta."
-
-457 Doodee.--A name for Hubb-ul-neel. A purgative seed, beneficial
-in affections of bile, mucus, piles, worms in the belly and rectum,
-in badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-458 DoÛdputeya.--A name for Chirkakolie, another kind of which is
-called Kakolie.
-
-459 Doodka.--A name for Doorie; cures superabundance of wind, mucus,
-phlegm, piles, worms, Badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-460 Dhamin or Dhunoon.--A prickly tree, astringent and light, and
-useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, blood, and in cough.
-
-461 Dhunjawasa.--A kind of J·w·ss·; its properties the same.
-
-462 Dhadahwun.--The name of a tree, useful in disorders of phlegm,
-wind, poisons, Juzam, piles, and Sunpat. Sunpat is a disease consisting
-of loss of sensation and universal chilliness and numbness.
-
-463 Dhaw.--"Grislea Tomentosa, Roxb. Lythrum Fructicosum, Linn." A
-prickly shrub, cool and useful in bilious disorders, mucus, piles,
-marasmus, &c.
-
-464 Dhawa.--A tree, the flowers of which are generally known; it
-is also called Dhatki, bitter, pungent, astringent, cool, light,
-and curing laxities of the bowels; useful in disorders of bile and
-blood, and is an antidote to poison; is vermifuge, beneficial in acne,
-and is a little intoxicating; it is also recommended in prolapsus
-ani, menorrhagia, and hÊmorrhoides; it is said to be equal in its
-properties.
-
-465 Dhatura.--"Datura Metel. W. Datura Stramonium." A plant about a
-yard high, more or less. It has numerous branches, like the Benghen
-plant; it grows wild, and is also cultivated; its leaves are like those
-of the Abassie; its seed vessel like the walnut, or rather larger;
-it has small prickles on its surface, and is filled with seeds. There
-are several kinds of it. One has a black flower, and also a blackish
-seed vessel: another is white; the first is seldom met with, and is
-the strongest of any; the flower is of the shape of the Toorhee,
-(a wind instrument, a trumpet.) It is hot, heavy, and promotes
-appetite, but produces vomiting; useful in disorders of phlegm,
-poison, itch, worms, and nausea; clears the complexion, cures fevers,
-Juzam, boils, and eruptions, as also many other disorders. It is a
-very active poison; its corrector is cotton, leaf for leaf, seed for
-seed, flower for flower; its nut is to be chosen in preference for
-medical use. If the root of the black Dhatura be kept in the house,
-it will be productive of both good luck and a good name; if it be
-dried in the shade, and taken in conjee to the quantity of 9 mashas,
-all white hair will fall from the head and black hair grow in its
-place. If the root be dried and pounded to the quantity of 160 direms,
-and mixed with 80 direms of cow's ghee, and placing it on the fire in
-a new vessel, form it into the consistence of sweetmeats, then tying
-up the mouth of the vessel close, place it for 40 days among paddy,
-at the expiration of which time, let the person bathe and give alms
-to the poor; and let him take out the preparation, and eat as much as
-he can take up between two fingers, daily for 40 days, fasting; and
-nothing used as food except rice and milk, abstaining from all acids;
-lost strength will be restored, youth renovated, the hair never will
-become white, and it will prove aphrodisiac.
-
-If the black Dhatura be bruised and mixed with goat's milk and sugar,
-and boiled, it will cure barrenness in women.
-
-If the flowers of the black Dhatura be bruised, mixed with honey or
-cow's ghee, and a little of your own blood added, and this used as a
-Tilak, or ornament on the forehead betwixt the eyes, whoever sees it
-will become your slave, be it man or woman. If a woman so uses it,
-her husband will never forsake her!!
-
-466 Dhunia.--"Coriandrum Sativum, W. Dhanyaca, S." Astringent,
-during digestion sweet, cool, dry, and moist in an equal degree;
-light, diuretic, carminative, and cardiac; increases appetite,
-cures disorders of wind, bile, phlegm, and blood. It is vermifuge,
-and useful in difficulty of breathing, cough, thirst, and piles;
-it lessens the seminal secretion.
-
-467 Dhak.--A name for Palass, "Butea Frondosa."
-
-468 Dholkudum.--A kind of Cudum.
-
-469 Dhumaha.--A creeping plant, growing near the water, covered with
-thorns like the Jawassa, extending even to its flowers. It is small and
-green before it flowers, like the nightshade. In the Dhuntori, it is
-said to be pungent and astringent, useful in vertigo, chronic fever,
-and disorders from poison. In dropsy, vomiting, seminal weakness,
-and delirium, it is beneficial. I have given it with those medicines
-which clear the blood, and I have found its effects to be like the
-Jawassa, some indeed call it a variety of this. It is said to be
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree, others have called it equal. Heated,
-bruised, and applied to indolent tumours, it will be of use.
-
-470 Dhaie..--Increases the three secretions; it is called by the
-physicians of India hot and moist, that of the cow is the best. It
-is astringent in its effects, restrains hemorrhage from piles, and
-the following R. is known by experience to be excellent.
-
-Take 1/2 a pow (4 ounces) of dhaiÈ, 4 1/2 mashas of moist rice,
-fried in the husk (Lahie), 2 mashas of dried ginger; stir the dhaie
-well till it becomes thin, add a little water, and then add to it the
-fried rice, bruise and pound the ginger, and sprinkle it in. This
-must be ate daily for a week, when it will so effectually stop the
-bleeding from piles, that it will not return.
-
-471 Dhanqie or Dhaoie; cool and of a bitter taste; light, allays
-thirst, is astringent, vermifuge, and antidote to poisons.
-
-472 Dhawnie.--A name for Perishtpirnee.
-
-473 Dheerukmola.--A name for Saalpurnie, deriving its name from the
-large size of its root.
-
-474 Dhendus.--It resembles the Quince, with a green rind; the people
-of India eat it, dressed with and without meat; it is preferable to the
-cuddoo; cool, beneficial in bilious disorders, and quick of digestion.
-
-475 Deodar called also DÈodarie. The name of a tree; the wood of
-which bears the same name; it is resinous; hot and beneficial in wind,
-phlegm, costiveness, piles, and fever. "The Fir tree."
-
-476 Deomun.--A name for Mahumeed.
-
-477 Raab.--Treacle; it is heavy; strengthens the system; is diuretic;
-increases perspiration, and the three secretions.
-
-478 Raje Umber.--A fruit of India; sweet, cool, astringent, and useful
-in disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-479 Rassun..--Commonly called Raisun or Rowasun; a tree about the
-size of a Baer tree, or larger; it is a weak biennial plant, but
-grows rapidly when transplanted. Its leaves grow on both sides of
-a centre stem, like the Tamarind, and it is rather longer: the tree
-grows straight from the root. The author of the Topha has described it
-as a root, and says that the people of India call different medicines
-by the former names, but they are both the same, and it is the common
-kind that I have described. Its pod is like the Lobeia (bean.) The
-flower is outside yellow and inside red, with a tinge of yellow. Its
-leaves contract in the night and unfold in the morning. Some have
-called it sweet and cool, and have described many varieties of it,
-white, yellow, red, and grey; but I fancy the difference is merely
-confined to the color of the flowers; some have said that it diminishes
-strength. Its flowers are peculiarly beautiful. If its leaves are
-bruised and applied moist to swellings, it either resolves the tumour
-or hastens suppuration; it is bitter and heavy, cures disorders
-of wind and mucus, swellings of the body, difficulty of breathing,
-eruptions from suffusion of bile, itchiness in the stomach, dropsy,
-and increases the powers of digestion.
-
-480 Rajejakha. A medicine of India; astringent to the taste; dry,
-heavy, and astringent in its effects; increases wind and foecal
-evacuation; decreases appetite, and adds to the secretion of milk.
-
-481 Rajehuns.--A name for Purse·washan.
-
-482 Rai.--"Sinapis Ramosa, Roxb. sp. ch. Annual, erect, ramous siliques
-expanding, linear, vertically compressed, smooth; leaves petioled,
-lower lyred; superior, sublanceolate, (Roxb. MS.) Murray II. 398,
-Woodville III. 409." Cool, bitter, hot, and dry; beneficial in mucous
-disorders, itch, and Juzam; is vermifuge, stomachic, and increases
-diffusion of bile. A. Khirdul.
-
-483 Raang.--Stannum, Tagarum, Tam. Hot, dry, light, and soft;
-strengthens the eyes; is vermifuge; useful in marasmus, difficulty
-of breathing, and a deficiency of bile. A. Rusas.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described: Raang is
-called in P. Kaley; cool in the 2nd degree, and moist in the 1st
-degree. Calcined, it is slightly cool and dry. If a piece of this Kaley
-be put into a pot with meat, you may boil it as long as you please,
-but the meat will not be properly boiled. The Kaley for internal use
-is calcined, the dose from one to two soorkh.
-
-483 Raal.--Bitter and astringent; cool, heavy, and inducing
-costiveness, cures Deojur, acne, boils, eruptions, fever,
-and cracks in the thickened cuticle of the feet; and it lessens
-perspiration. A. Kaar, also Kikahur. It is said also, that if put
-into a pipe with tobacco, and one whiff taken the 1st day, two the
-second, three the third, and so on, it will be found very useful in
-ulceration of the lungs. Maadentezerrubad.
-
-484 Ramputtrie.--"Maadentezerrubad." An Indian flower which I have not
-seen, but which I understand to be like the rose; its properties are,
-that if it is well rubbed with mercury, it will kill it, and both
-united form a black mass. More of its properties I know not.
-
-485 Rajeneemboophile.--The sweet lime; it is heavy, and useful in
-bilious disorders and wind. In my opinion it is a cool cardiac,
-and decreases heat and thirst.
-
-486 Raibele.--A name for Bael. The wild kind is called, Kynd.
-
-487 Rashna.--Bitter and slow of digestion; cures cough, wind,
-disorders of blood, and is an antidote to poison, dropsy, and mucus,
-and it promotes digestion. Its leaves, root, and branches are used
-in medicine.
-
-488 Rajdooree.--A name for Jewuntee.
-
-489 Raje Ummur.--A name for Umbarie Burrur. It is cool, sweet, and
-astringent, cures some affections of the mouth and phlegm.
-
-490 Rasie.--A name for Rudd.
-
-491 Ruttunjooth.--A medicine of India. Its leaves are green, and its
-branches red and yellow; if its branches be bruised in sweet oil,
-and applied to the head, it will cure Tinea Capitis. Its name is also
-Abookhoolsa. P. Cheojoora. It is a native of the hills; it is also
-said to relieve weakness of sight by causing a copious flow of tears,
-when externally applied.
-
-492 Rattaloo also Runtaloo. A culinary root, common in India; sweet and
-pleasant to the taste, cool and slow of digestion; removes oppression
-on the spirits, bile, and general heat. It increases semen, strengthens
-the system, and adds to the bulk of the solids. "Dioscorea."
-
-493 Ruttun.--A name of J·w·her. Ruttun (the word) used by itself means
-Almass; but all compounds obtain the name of Jaw‡her; it possesses
-all the six properties.
-
-494 Rudd.--A name of Rassie. It is cool and heavy; strengthens the
-body; removes disorders of wind and mucus, increases semen, and during
-digestion is pungent and sweet.
-
-495 Roodwunti.--A plant very generally useful.
-
-When the Pookhnichittur shall happen on a Sunday, take the root,
-leaves, flowers, and branches, taking care that your shadow does not
-reach them; leave them five nights in the dew, and then dry them
-in the shade. Four mashas ate with sugar and honey daily, will be
-found aphrodisiac. If it be washed for 21 days in the juice of the
-plantain tree, then bruised and washed in the juice of the Moondie,
-sugar taken and boiled in the juice of the plantain tree, and a little
-of the Roodwunti added to it, then adding cloves and cardamoms one
-tolah each, musk and camphor each 1/2 tolah, and the whole made up
-into balls of a tolah each, and one eaten daily in boiled milk, it
-will be found aphrodisiac. If it is taken simply, mixed with sugar,
-it will have an aphrodisiac property.
-
-
-Another account.
-
-Of the Roodwunti there are four kinds, black, white, red, and yellow,
-male and female; the female is distinguished by some of its leaves
-dropping water. It grows in a moist or watery soil, near Gwallior;
-it is green, and its leaves and branches resemble gram. The leaves
-of the male kind are said to transmute metals, and are considered
-very valuable on that account. If one part of this, half a part of
-Tirphilla, one-fourth part of Tircoota, and the bulk of the whole
-of sugar be bruised and sifted, and as much ate with cow's milk,
-as may be held in the palm of the hand, it will cure all disorders
-to which the human frame is subject, and transmute old age into
-youth. Maadentezerrubad.
-
-If the leaves are rubbed on silver, and that put into the fire, it
-will become yellow; if the leaves are thrown into melted tin, it will
-assume the appearance of gold. If mercury be put into the juice of its
-leaves and well stirred about, then boiled in milk or vinegar, it will
-become yellow. If the green leaves be dried, pounded, and taken to the
-quantity of 9 masha for 14 days, the hair will never become white. If
-one direm of this and 14 direms of honey, with 10 direms of cow's ghee,
-be well stirred up together and taken every morning, the body will
-become strengthened, and the hair remain black. Two direms ate with
-sugar, will increase appetite, and cure seminal weakness and pains
-in the bowels. If its leaves are used as a cephalic, it will remove
-the effects of poisons. Some call it Roowunti; it is hot and dry.
-
-495' Roodraz.--Commonly used in India for making beads which are much
-esteemed. It is bitter, pungent, hot, and vermifuge; rectifies an
-overflow of blood or a suffusion of bile in the blood; cures mucous
-affections and head-aches. Is useful in disorders of children, and
-is an antidote to poisons.
-
-496 Ruswut.--"An extract from the root of the Amomum Anthorhizum,
-Roxb." Bitter and pungent; hot; beneficial in mucous disorders,
-affections of the mouth, eyes, boils, and eruptions. In
-A. Huzzood. "Mixed with equal parts of alum and opium, rubbed up
-together with a little water, it is perhaps the best application in
-ophthalmia ever used, applied all round the eye." Trans.
-
-497 Russ.--In P. called Sheera. When written singly, it means the
-juice of the sugar-cane. It is moist, aperient, and promotes digestion,
-and removes flatulence.
-
-498 Rusunjeen.--A name for Ruswut.
-
-499 Russ Kapoor.--"An oximuriate of mercury." A medicine of India,
-resembling the Sumbulkhar; hot and dry in the 3rd degree. It is
-a poison, but is very useful in Lues Venerea; it affects the gums,
-loosens the teeth, and debilitates the stomach. Its corrector is milk
-and butter; its succedan is DarshÈkina: the dose one soorkh.
-
-500 Rekhbuk or Rekhbukh, or Rekhba. The title given to any medicine
-that promotes digestion. It is cool, strengthens the system, increases
-semen and mucus, cures disorders of bile and blood, heat at stomach,
-emaciation, wind, and hectic fever; it increases mucus.
-
-501 Recktaal or Rukitkund, a kind of PÈndaloo.
-
-502 Ruckitchunden. Pterocarpus Santalinus, W.
-
-Racta Chundana, San. A name for real Sanders wood. Sweet, bitter,
-cool, heavy; it strengthens eye-sight, induces costiveness; creates
-nausea, cures thirst, disorders of the blood, bile, fevers, and boils
-or other eruptions.
-
-503 Rukitsal.--Red rice. A kind of Santi; it is light and is very
-beneficial; increases strength, clears the complexion, removes
-disorders of the three secretions; is diuretic, clears the voice,
-increases semen and wind, and removes general heat.
-
-504 Rukitphoop.--A variety of the KanaÈr; some say it is a kind of
-the Biscopra; it is called by both names.
-
-505 Rungni.--Pungent and hot; destroys appetite; cures cough, asthma,
-mucus, and fever from mucus and wind. The white Rungni is pungent
-and hot; increases eye-sight; consolidates (amalgamates) mercury;
-promotes appetite, loosens phlegm and wind.
-
-506 Rungtirra.--Called also Sungtirra. It derives its name from the
-Emperor Allam Gheer the 2nd, because he used it as a medicine; and
-because no name of a stone can ever be mentioned in the presence of
-the Emperor, instead of Sungtirra it was therefore called Rungtirra.
-
-507 Rawasun.--A name of Rasun.
-
-508 Rohoo.--A name for Shobooth. It is slightly astringent, and in
-a small degree increases bile; also gives general strength. I have
-found it beneficial as an aphrodisiac in strengthening the system
-and increasing semen; but I have observed that if it does not digest
-easily it weakens the stomach and produces much mucus; its corrector
-is ginger, honey, or other medicines of a hot and dry quality.
-
-509 Roohus.--Vide Kundhul.
-
-510 Roopa.--Called also Roopuk. (Silver.) Astringent, moist, cool,
-aperient, cardiac, and stomachic. It augments the strength of youth,
-and preserves meat from becoming putrid; decreases fat, strengthens
-the brain and bones, and thickens semen, decreases corpulency,
-and cures disorders of wind and bile. It forms an ingredient in all
-famous recipes. Its calx is called Roopruss, and it is more powerful
-than any other. Ranga resembled it in its properties, also Gold.
-
-511 Rooi.--When very old, if stuffed into the nose, it promotes the
-discharge of every thing offensive from the brain. It also cures
-disorders in the head, the consequence of indigestion, as also
-hemicrania. A. Kotun (Cotton.)
-
-512 Romus or Mudwal. A name of Bindaloo.
-
-513 Rohni.--Of two kinds, both astringent and cool; beneficial in worms
-in the stomach, and affections of the throat, which it also clears.
-
-514 Roheera.--A medicine of India; laxative; useful in wind, Badgola,
-affections of the liver and spleen, and in dropsy.
-
-515 Rahusphill.--A kind of Mowa.
-
-516 Reewudj.--The name of a shrub, cool and useful in suppression of
-urine, general heat, disorders of the three secretions, and blood;
-its tree is astringent and hot; cures disorders of the mouth, and
-is an antidote to poisons; it is vermifuge, cures itches, boils,
-and wounds, and disorders of the blood and mucus. It prevents the
-effects of evil-eyes, or demoniacal possession.
-
-517 Reech.--The Bear. Its taste is sweet, cool, and heavy; it is
-aphrodisiac, and removes affections from wind. P. Khirs.
-
-518 Reenga.--The fruit of the Sumhaloo; produces appetite, clears
-the uterus after parturition; increases knowledge and bile.
-
-519 Reetha.--"Sapindus Saponaria. The soap-nut, soap-wort." Hot,
-and useful in disorders of the three secretions, and in blood. This
-however does not coincide with the result of my experience, but I
-have found it useful in cases of hemicrania, as a cephalic used in the
-opposite nostril: prevents demoniacal possession. A. Bunduck Hindui.
-
-520 Rewind.--"Rheum Palmatum. Rhubarb." Laxative, stomachic, and
-astringent; and if taken after meals with rose water, it promotes
-digestion and strengthens the bowels. It removes mucus from the
-pylorus.
-
-521 Zeera.--"Cuminum Cyminum, W. Jiraca, S. Cumin seed." Hot and dry;
-light, stomachic, astringent; increases knowledge, clears the uterus;
-and of use in disorders of that viscus; it relieves flatulence,
-Badgola, and vomiting.
-
-522 Zeerki.--A name for Zuerishk.
-
-523 Zachmeheath.--A small shrub, growing close on the ground, covering
-it with its foliage; it is found by the side of fields of water; it
-is of two kinds, the leaf of one small and thin, those of the other
-broad and thick. The first kind is excellent in the cure of piles:
-thus, dried in the shade, pounded, sifted, and taken every morning in
-the quantity of a palmful with water, for fourteen days; and every
-night at bed-time, taking 12 mashas of K˙nd Sia, and during its use
-abstaining from all acids, or other things, which may produce wind.
-
-524 Zerki.--A name of pepper, called also K·la Dana.
-
-525 Zumiekund.--A name for Soor˙n.
-
-526 Sanbir.--A name for Sembile.
-
-527 Saarba.--A medicine of India, of two kinds, both sweet, moist,
-and heavy; produces semen, and is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind,
-bile, mucus, menorrhagia, and colliquative diarrhoea in fever.
-
-528 Saramill or Sarumluk, or Saral.--The author of the Dara Shekoi
-has described this as a medicine of India, and in other works that I
-have consulted, it is called Sangterra. In taste it is astringent, and
-heavy; beneficial in disorders of wind; and increases mucus and bile.
-
-529 Saluk or Salook.--A flower, q. vide.
-
-530 Sagown or Saag.--A tree of the hills of Hindostan: the upper
-surface of the leaves is hard and raised like a file. Some say that
-this is the Pheelgosh (Elephant's ear), from its resemblance to the
-ear of the Elephant; it is cool, and useful in disorders of wind and
-blood. "Tectona grandis."
-
-531 Saalpernie or Saloom.--A medicine of India; heavy, cures fever,
-difficulty of breathing, and disorders of wind, bile, and mucus;
-it produces nausea, restrains diarrhoea, beneficial in dryness of
-the seven dhats, strengthens the system, is aphrodisiac, and forms
-an ingredient in all the favorite formulÊ. In the Dhunterri it is
-written, that in its taste it is pungent; having small and green
-leaves, the seed-vessel about an inch long, seed small and numerous;
-curing chronic fevers, seminal weakness, and swelling of the body. It
-is said to be hot. "Hedysarum Gangeticum."
-
-532 Saalie.--A tree of the hills, of which elephants are very fond,
-and which soon brings them into good condition. It cures boils and
-eruptions, disorders of blood and mucus, and restrains diarrhoea. Its
-branches quickly take root by being planted, and when used as posts for
-the support of a roof, it quickly covers the whole with its foliage.
-
-533 Saaltie.--Commonly called Kaphoor Kutcherie; cool light,
-astringent; promotes digestion, cures cough and disorders of the
-blood. A species of Kachoor, having a pleasant smell like Camphor.
-
-534 Saaje.--A name for Serje, q. v.
-
-535 Sawang.--A culinary grain, used by the villagers; it is smaller
-than the Badjera, is smooth and pointed; it grows also wild, of a
-smaller size. It is cool and dry; useful in bilious disorders and
-mucus, and dries the seven d'hats.
-
-536 Saal.--Sweet to the taste and pungently sweet in digestion;
-cool, light, astringent; cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus,
-and preserves the health. There are other kinds of this, but this
-is the one to be preferred. One kind is red, called Rakitsal; it is
-nearly of the same nature, (a kind of rice).
-
-537 Salamookh.--A kind of rice like the former.
-
-538 Saro.--(Myna). Its meat is dry and moist in equal degrees;
-increases knowledge and appetite, strengthens the system, removes
-laxities of the bowels, useful in bruises and hurts, relieves cough,
-lessens mucus and hectic fever; it is called Sawur, and in A. Zerzore,
-P. Sharug.
-
-539 Sabur.--A kind of deer, whose skin is used in covering sheaths
-for swords, and by the lower classes and hunters as lining for their
-clothes. Its meat is sweet; in digestion it is cool, moist, and heavy;
-increases mucus, and cures disorders from diffusion of bile.
-
-540 Sarass.--A species of heron, "Ardea Antigone." A large bird, with
-a long neck and legs, of a lead color; the male lives always with his
-mate. Its flesh is cool, moist, and heavy; strengthens the system,
-decreases urine and fÊces, cures disorders of wind, blood and bile.
-
-541 Saamp.--The Snake. Its meat is moist and heavy, is vermifuge,
-and kills worms in the rectum; increases knowledge, strengthens the
-system. If the old skin when shed be bruised and applied to the eyes,
-it increases the strength of vision; and if burnt, and its ashes
-rubbed on parts where no hair grows, it will reproduce it. Snakes
-avoid its smell when burning, and if the whole skin be tied round
-the thigh of a woman in labor, it will facilitate the process. P. Mar.
-
-542 Saal.--The name of a common tree, the wood of which is generally
-useful. It is cool and astringent; cures disorders of wind, mucus,
-poisons, boils, eruptions, and is beneficial in burns. A. Saage.
-
-543 Satoon.--A name for Chitoor.
-
-544 Sip Kullie.--The Lizard. A. Saamaberus, P. ChillpusÊ. It does
-not frequent those places where saffron is kept. If split open and
-applied to a part where a thorn or arrow may have entered deep,
-it will effect its extraction by suction.
-
-545 Soopearee.--"Areca Catechu." Astringent, cool, dry, and heavy;
-cures disorders of mucus and bile, increases appetite; removes
-bad taste in the mouth; when fresh it is very heavy and produces
-flatulence; is diaphoretic; injures appetite and eyesight, and causes
-a prolonged retention of semen.
-
-546 Subskun.--A name for Baraikund.
-
-547 Sutarie.--The juice of the Soopearee tree; it strengthens the
-teeth and stomach, contracts the vagina, and cures leucorrhoea;
-it is intoxicating.
-
-548 Setoopula.--A kind of sugar.
-
-549 Setawur,--also Setawurie or Shetawur, vide S.
-
-550 Sutputtrie.--A name for Roocha, vide R.
-
-551 Sutsar.--A kind of cucumber.
-
-552 Suteepulas.--A kind of Kutchoor.
-
-553 Soocherakhar.--The common Sedjee, (impure carb. of soda.) This
-name is given to the purer sorts. If 3 mashas be mixed with a cupful
-of dhaie, it is useful in cholicks. If mixed with lime juice, it is
-used to write on stone, and the stone placed on a slow fire as long
-as you can snap your fingers 100 times, and then taken off, when the
-writing will be found white and permanent. The physician Nouruddee
-has mentioned this to be the case.
-
-554 Sedarth.--Pungent and bitter, hot and dry; cures disorders of
-mucus, itch, Juzam, apthÊ; is vermifuge, and promotes appetite,
-but causes diffusion of the bile in the blood, and its consequent
-disorders. The green leaves are heavy and cool. In my opinion they
-are hot, and obstruct the flow of urine, increase indigestion, and
-disorders of the three secretions. The above is a white kind of Sersom,
-the name taken from the Sanscrit.
-
-555 Sud Sohaung.--The name of a red flower in India; its leaves
-three-cornered, serrated; it is cool, and beneficial in disorders
-from poisons, bile, blood; in dropsy and nausea; 3 mashas of this
-bruised and taken with water is useful in gonorrhoea.
-
-556 Suda Khar.--A salt from a grass, very hot, and is used for
-cleansing lardaceous matter from sores; it increases the opening in
-boils, but decreases strength.
-
-557 Sudaphill or Sudeephill.--A name for Bale.
-
-558 Sudagolab.--A flower like the rose. Its tree is larger than the
-rose-bush, and its flower has a different smell; it is always in
-flower, from which circumstance it derives its name. I have not seen
-this noticed in any other work of India, but it is probably the Koocha:
-q. v.
-
-559 Surphoka.--A plant of India, about a yard in height or sometimes
-more. It is very common; it is also called Joojer, and is a kind of
-Chirchirra Soorkh. It is bitter, astringent, and light; cures disorders
-of the liver and spleen, boils and eruptions, and cough; is an antidote
-to poisons; useful in disorders of the blood, difficulty of breathing,
-and fever. I have found it very beneficial in clearing the blood,
-and useful in correcting bile, curing itch, lues, and other eruptions.
-
-560 Serje.--A name for Saaje. "Tectona grandis."
-
-561 Sooryalee.--A plant about 6 feet high. I have seen it in Hissar in
-abundance; it grows in the rains and spreads over the sides of houses,
-its stem is then about an inch in diameter; its branches also thin,
-and of a bright red colour; its flowers are beautiful, white and
-red; when ripe it in some degree resembles wheat; its flowers are
-crooked. It is aphrodisiac.
-
-562 Sirpund.--Aperient; cures general swellings, and disorders of
-wind and bile.
-
-563 Sericbans.--Useful in mucous disorders and affections of the eyes.
-
-564 Seriss.--"Mimosa Seris," called also Sereeka; a very large tree
-of India. Its flowers have a sweet smell, and are very beautiful; it
-is cool, cures boils and eruptions, poisons, aches, and swellings. If
-a decoction of the leaves be taken internally in ophthalmia, and the
-juice of the leaves dropped into the eye, it will be very useful, and
-this I have tried. The bark of the tree dried and pounded is excellent
-when sprinkled on foul ulcers, in which too it kills maggots. The smell
-of the flower is useful in head-aches and hemicrania, in cough and
-in jaundice. If the root of the white Seriss be kept in the mouth, it
-lengthens aphrodisia. Some have called this Layetoolatees. If the seeds
-be bruised with water, and this dropt into the eye, it will remove
-specks; the oil of the seed is also very effectual for this purpose.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Seriss is among the Indian physicians, hot and dry, and in the
-opinion of some cool and dry; it cures swellings and wind. If the
-bark of the stem, the bark of the root, with the flowers and seeds
-of each, 3 mashas, be bruised, sifted, and mixed with cow's urine,
-and taken thrice a day, it will cure the bite of a snake, and for
-one whole year no reptile will injure you. The bark of an aged
-tree is the best. When the sun shall be in the division Joura,
-if daily for three days, 6 mashas of the bark be taken in congee,
-it will render the person invulnerable to the bite of any noxious
-reptile for a year. If the oil be extracted by heat from the seeds,
-and applied to the white spots of leprosy, it will cure them."
-
-565 Sirool.--Bitter, hot, and light; cures affections of the throat,
-ear, eye, and disorders of wind.
-
-566 Sirsom or Seerkup. P. Sirshuph.--In India this is used to produce
-a very common oil; it is hot, and increases disorders of the mouth,
-and decreases mucus and semen; expels wind; is vermifuge, and if
-much be taken it will injure the eyesight; if a woman uses it during
-the lochial discharge, it will increase her strength and improve her
-complexion. One kind of this is white, and is called Sedarth, q. v.
-
-"Sinapis Dichotoma, (Roxb. MS.) Sp. ch. dichotomous, siliques
-cylindric, smooth, spreading, bark straight and tapering, leaves
-stem-clasping; the lower somewhat lyred, superior ovate, lanceolate,
-entire, all are smooth, as are also stem and branches." Roxb.
-
-567 Soorunkitki.--A kind of Ketki, like the Sinobir. It has twelve
-leaves or more in the flower, its scent is sweet and soft. The
-plant flowers only once in 6 or 7 years; both kinds are sweet, cool,
-bitter, pungent, and light, and cure disorders of mucus. The juice
-of the Keora is also used for the same purpose, and mixed with it,
-is cardiac. The Ketki is a variety of Keora.
-
-568 Sirunmaki.--It is astringent, pungent, light, aphrodisiac and
-cardiac; cures Juzam, swellings of the body, piles, seminal weakness,
-pains in the urinary bladder, marasmus, disorders of the blood,
-and dropsy; is an antidote to poisons; cures hectic fever; clears
-the throat, and is an ingredient in all favorite formulÊ.
-
-569 Seroopjeea.--A kind of Jeeaphup.
-
-570 Seriepurnie.--A kind of Arnee, also called Gumbar.
-
-571 Seroopbudder.--A name also of Gumbar.
-
-572 Surwalla.--The name of a common shrub.
-
-573 Sussa.--A name for the hare. The meat is sweet, cool, and light;
-induces costiveness, increases appetite, cures difficulty of breathing
-and sunpat, removes dysentery, and is both a medicine and article
-of diet.
-
-574 Suffrie Amer.--The Guava, "Psidium pyriferum." Vide Anervade.
-
-575 Segund Philla.--A kind of date.
-
-576 Soogunass.--A name for Arloo.
-
-577 Sillajeet, also Silladeet, Styrax or Storax; a balsam, pungent,
-bitter, and stimulating, more pungent in digestion; hot, cures
-seminal weakness, piles from cold, Juzam, dropsy, marasmus, difficulty
-of breathing, tabes, idiotism, swellings of the body, disorders of
-mucus and blood. Is vermifuge, lithontriptic, and otherwise generally
-useful. It in one of the most powerful remedies; is stronger than
-any other ingredient in whatever formulÊ it may form a part, and it
-increases the effects of all others; it is the favorite medicine of
-all Indian physicians.
-
-Sut Sillajeet is the strongest, for this means Sillajeet in a refined
-state. I have found it excellent in gonorrhoea, and for thickening
-the seminal fluid; also for strengthening the kidnies and urinary
-bladder. The mode of preparing it, is as follows:
-
-The Sillajeet is dissolved in water and placed in the sun in a new
-earthen vessel till it becomes thick, and its color assumes a reddish
-or yellowish hue; then it must be taken from the surface as much as
-is clean, and preserved in another new vessel; this too is placed
-in the sun, well protected from dust, till it becomes dry. This is
-the Sut Sillajeet, and what remains in the first vessel is again
-purified in the same manner for three different times, and each time
-the pure drug is dried as above. It is easily purified by fire, and
-more quickly; but this is much to be preferred. It is brought from
-the hills ready prepared.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Sillajeet is the urine of the hill wild goat, which when the
-animal is rutting, is discharged on the stones and evaporated by the
-sun's heat. It is found in small quantities, of a black color. It
-is hot in the 3rd, and dry in the 2nd degree. In the opinion of
-Indian physicians, it is useful in all kinds of seminal weakness, in
-swellings, in Juzam, epilepsy, diabetes, stone in the bladder, and in
-gravel. The Sillajeet is often mixed with lime, but the adulteration is
-discovered by the change of color. Some have said that it is the urine
-of the wild ass, found as above. The purified kind is the best. In
-Juzam, if ate for 40 days, it is a cure, and even in the last stages
-of the disease it is beneficial. It loosens wind and phlegm."
-
-578 Sillaruss.--Hot and moist; increases eyesight and semen, and
-cures Juzam and itch. A. Myasayela.
-
-579 Somooderphill.--A medicine of India, more black in color than
-the Hurr, of a square shape, and its corners of a red color; these,
-however, also become black from age; mixed with human milk and used as
-a cephalic, it will cause a discharge of all phlegm from the head. If
-mixed with the juice of the Gooma, it will cure hemicrania. The bark
-of the root is very efficacious in swellings of the hands and feet;
-and ate with salt and anise seed in warm water, it will be found
-excellent in pains of the bowels.
-
-Some have named this Hubbooneel, but how far this is correct I
-know not.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Somoderphill is hot and dry; if introduced into the nose with goat's
-milk or urine, it will cure head-ache, hemicrania, suppressed mucus,
-&c. If mixed with goat's urine and applied to the eyes, it will cure
-night blindness, and removes opacities in the cornea. Mixed with human
-urine, it is both ate and applied to the nose in bites of snakes, and
-with sheep's urine or buffaloe's dung is applied to the pubis in the
-cure of diabetes; mixed with turmeric, it is an useful application to
-the spots of white leprosy; with sugar, ate for the cure of seminal
-weakness; with aniseed, in pains of the bowels; with cow's urine,
-in hiccup; with dhaie, as an astringent; with ginger, in rheumatism;
-with human urine, in black jaundice; with cow's urine, in mesenteric
-obstructions of children; and for those who are dull of hearing,
-mixed with Bhangra or honey, as an application to the inside of the
-ear. In restrained or obstructed lochia, or retention of the placenta,
-with asafoetida; and with cloves and sugar, in intermittent fever."
-
-580 Somooder Phane.--Sponge.
-
-581 Somooder Lone.--Murias SodÊ. The sea salt; it is sweet and bitter,
-hot and cool, in equal degrees; tonic, anthelmintic, purgative;
-promotes appetite and digestion, cures disorders of wind, and corrects
-irregularities of bile and mucus.
-
-582 Somoodersake.--Convolvulus Argenteus, also Ruttunmala.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"A seed like the mustard; black and aperient, cool and moist, in the
-1st degree; is aphrodisiac; strengthens the stomach, removes heat
-of urine, gonorrhoea, thinness of semen, the secretion of which it
-thickens and increases. It is astringent, and produces flatulence. Its
-corrector is sugar; its succed. Sireyara: dose six mashas."
-
-583 Sungtirra.--The author of the Ayeen Akberry calls it Sontirra. A
-fruit of India of great esteem; it is of a yellowish red color, in
-shape like the apple, but larger. Its rind is fine, soft, and smooth,
-like the Sylhet orange, which it in all respects much resembles. It
-is large, sweet, and acid. There are different names for the different
-kinds of oranges, but this is the largest and best. It is in my opinion
-cool, cardiac, drying; allays heat and thirst, and prevents the ill
-effects of wind, loosens phlegm and bile, strengthens the stomach;
-is very grateful when ate with sugar; and its acid is less hurtful
-than many others. I have known a man of a bilious temperament, who
-told me that he always found relief from the use of this orange. The
-emperor was in the habit of eating it in Pilaus, when sweetened with
-sugar and rose-water, and thus used, he called it Rahut Jahn. It
-is thus rendered more cooling and more grateful to the taste. He
-also ate it when cooled in ice, and found it useful in giving tone
-to the stomach. The people of India use it with their food. If ate
-after having been sprinkled with a little salt, its acid will have
-less effect on the teeth, mouth, and throat; this however, can only
-be necessary when unripe or not of the best kind. "Many more trivial
-properties are ascribed to this orange in the original, which would
-only be waste of time and paper to record."--Trans. It is said to be
-hurtful in coughs, and colds.
-
-584 Singhara.--"Trapa natuns." "Trapa Bispinosa." A common triangular
-water-nut, like the hermodactyls; it is the produce of ponds or
-reservoirs of water. When green and unripe, it is pleasantest to the
-taste; when ripe, it becomes hard, and when dried, more so; it is
-much employed in aphrodisiac formulÊ. It is sweet, cool, and heavy;
-cures bilious disorders, and those of blood; removes heat of the body,
-restrains laxities in the bowels, and increases semen. It is generally
-liked and universally eaten.
-
-585 Sindoorie.--A name for Sud· Soh·gun.
-
-586 Sunkaholie.--A small plant, with very thin branches like common
-grass; its leaves are very small; it is a creeper on the ground;
-its flower white and small, and looks very beautiful in the evenings
-or in moonlight nights. It is astringent, hot, and moist; aperient
-and aphrodisiac; increases memory, understanding, and perception,
-and likewise discrimination; cures seminal weakness, and forms an
-ingredient in all favorite formulÊ; cures gonorrhoea; and I have
-often used the bark of its root as an aphrodisiac and for increasing
-the consistence of semen. Some have called this Soorch.
-
-587 Sunn.--"Crotalaria Juncea." A plant, the bark of which is used as
-hemp; it is usually sown around cotton fields. It is of two kinds,
-the second called Rasni. It is pungent and acid, and its leaves are
-used as a culinary vegetable; it is cool, heavy, and astringent. Its
-flower is used as an astringent in lochial discharge.
-
-588 Sunkh.--A white shell of a very large size; cool, light;
-strengthens the eye-sight, cures mucous disorders, and those of bile
-and blood. A. Hulzoom. There is a small kind called Cowrie; if this
-be burnt and calcined, it will quickly dry up sores by being sprinkled
-over them.
-
-589 Sebaloo.--or Sebalie, or Nindee, see N. Vitex Trifolia.
-
-590 Sindoor.--The red oxide of lead, used externally. "Sindoora,
-S." Hot; cures acne and Juzam, and disorders of poison, boils, and
-eruptions; clears wounds; promotes the junction of broken bones. The
-ointment of this is very excellent in sores. The receipt is to be
-found in many other works.
-
-591 Soomboolkhar.--"The white Oxide of Arsenic." It is white and like
-alum in color; it ought to be chosen thus: when rubbed on a crow's
-feather and put over the fire, if it does not smoke, and the feather
-becomes white, it is good. A. Toorabalhalik. There are six kinds of
-this, one named Sunkia, the third Godunta, the fourth Darma, the fifth
-Huldia; but each will be noticed under its own proper head. The Yunani
-physicians do not allow this to form a part of their prescriptions,
-as they believe it destroys the vital principle; and such medicines as
-are deleterious in their effects, such as opium, they always exhibit
-with correctors, for this reason such remedies are seldom noticed or
-used by them. The physicians of India, on the contrary, find these
-drugs more effectual in many disorders than others of less power,
-and such the calx of metals. For this reason too, I am in the habit
-of seldom giving these remedies internally, but I usually confine
-my use of them to external application, and as aphrodisiacs, which
-I prescribe to a few friends, who may have derived no benefit from
-Yunani prescriptions. It is better, however, to use as few of them
-as possible. The sixth kind is Hurtaal.
-
-592 Sunkia.--A kind of arsenic.
-
-593 Sunkhal.--A species of Bindaloo.
-
-594 Sungjerahut.--It obtains its name from being useful in
-wounds. Throughout India it is also known by the name of Sungderaz. It
-is a stone of very soft consistence; cool and light; beneficial in
-fever, bile, asthma, pains in the chest, flatulence, and laxities
-in the bowels; and when used in ointment, dries up ulcerated
-parts, removes pain, and acts as an absorbent in the stomach and
-bowels. I have found it by experience to be extremely useful in the
-before-mentioned complaints, also in diarrhoea; in Hindostan it is
-called Surkoola.
-
-595 Sungjoothka.--A name for Jui; having a white flower.
-
-596 Soorinjoothka.--Also a name for the above; having a yellow flower.
-
-597 Sonamukie.--A name for Marka sheesha. "Marcasite stone."
-
-598 Sooroon.--A kind of Baharkund, called Zemeekund. A root, resembling
-a turtle, used in India as pickles; it is dressed with meat, and also
-used by itself; it is dry, light, and stomachic; useful in disorders
-of phlegm and piles; it produces eruptions from diffusion of bile,
-and some have called it difficult of digestion. Those who are in a
-reduced state, or have weak stomachs, had better not eat more than
-20 direms. To my knowledge, it is much used in piles; it is said to
-be beneficial in cholics and pains in the bowels. It increases bile;
-and is hurtful in disorders of blood; it is also injurious to the
-throat. Its correctors are fresh dhaie, and being parboiled in water
-and the water changed. It may also be corrected by being boiled with
-tamarind or anula leaves. Enclosed in clay and roasted in an oven,
-the outer rind pulled off, it will be found less hurtful; in any
-other manner it irritates the throat. If used in powder, it must
-be skinned and dried in the shade; one kind of it is white inside,
-and of a purple color externally. A third is white on both sides;
-the former is the strongest: it is also named Soorunsona.
-
-599 Soombullie.--Pungent and bitter, cures disorders of wind and mucus,
-and is an ingredient in favorite formulÊ.
-
-600 Soos.--"The Porpus Delphinus." Its flesh is moist
-and heavy, cures disorders of wind, and increases semen and
-mucus. P. KhookmaiÈ. A. Delphine. The author of the Echtyarat has
-described this as a large fish of a black color, with a head like
-that of the hog.
-
-601 Suer.--See Kual.
-
-602 Suwa.--Its flesh is cool, dry, light, and astringents; useful in
-bruises; cures phlegm, cough, and hectic fever. A. Begha.
-
-603 Soopee.--Any kind of fried pea, deprived of its shell.
-
-604 Sona.--A precious metal; cool, heavy, and aphrodisiac; beneficial
-as an antidote to poisons, and in repressing the three secretions;
-used in mania, fever, and dryness; clears the complexion, and is
-an ingredient in all favorite formulÊ. When prepared for use, it is
-called Mirganick.
-
-605 Somph.--"Aniseed, Pimpinella Anisum." One kind of it is called
-Seethka, the other Sowa; the former means the largest kind; both are
-bitter, sweet, hot, and light; improves appetite; cure affections of
-wind and mucus; useful in cholic, boils, eruptions, and all disorders
-of the eyes, and increases bile. One kind, the latter, is used for
-disorders of females. A. Razeena. P. Valanbuzury.
-
-606 Sonth.--"Amomum Zingiber." The dried root; moist and light; sweet
-during digestion, and hot; promotes appetite and digestion; allays
-vomiting, cures difficulty of breathing, cough, itch, affections
-of the heart, swellings of the scrotum, and swellings in general;
-rheumatic pains in the joints, pains of the urinary bladder, piles,
-and flatulence, and clears the voice. Pills made of Sonth are very
-generally beneficial, and the result of my experience I have published
-at full in my other works.
-
-607 Sowa.--A. Shibbet. P. Wallankhoord. Hot, dry, and aperient;
-its smell soporific; its leaves hurtful to the stomach. The seed
-Dill. Anethum Sowa, Roxb.
-
-608 Soonchur.--A name for the salt Soonchur, also Soonchill.
-
-609 Soorjemooki.--A name for Adittbaqut. "Helianthus Annuus."
-
-610 Sooderie.--Its smell is strong and penetrating, like an animal
-in the rutting season; pungent and hot; beneficial in wind and fever,
-and clears the voice; the black kind is used in various formulÊ.
-
-611 Soubustanee.--A name for Valanchoord.
-
-612 Sooe Junglie.--A name for Pitpapra.
-
-613 Soonkullie.--A shrub hurtful to animals.
-
-614 Sowall.--A name for Thaleeb. Cool; improves the color of the skin;
-cures remittents, and a little of it introduced into the parts of
-both sexes, useful in gonorrhoea.
-
-615 Soorudjjhall--A name for Lootooperie.
-
-616 Sohora.--Cures affections of blood and mucus, and restrains
-laxities of the bowels.
-
-617 Sahunserbede.--A soft stone, of a dark-red color; cool and dry in
-the second degree; used by Indian physicians in disorders of blood,
-in laxatives from indigestion, acne, boils, psora, and infantile
-eruptions; given with milk or butter to the quantity from two to
-four soorkhs.
-
-618 Sohunjena.--or Sahinjena, or Sajena, or Sekir. "Hyperanthera
-morunga, W. Sobhanjana, S. Guilandina moringa. The root of the tree
-scraped exactly resembles horse-radish, and is used as such in all
-parts of India. It is a rubifacient, and useful as a stimulant." A
-tree common in India; hot and light; useful in disorders of the eyes;
-creates appetite; restrains diarrhoea, cures disorders of wind,
-mucus, acne, and swellings of the body, affections of the spleen,
-boils, and eruptions, and cleanses the blood. It is of three kinds;
-the second kind, which is red, is said to be aperient and astringent;
-in other properties the same. Its flower is heavy and astringent;
-cures disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and increases the
-wind. The people of India use its flowers as a pickle in oil, and my
-father used to recommend this pickle to those of a cold temperament,
-but it is prejudicial to the eyes; it is thus prepared:
-
-The flowers are put into water for a day, and washed; a little
-mustard seed added, and the whole put into serson oil. This pickle
-is less hot than the plant. Pickle made from the root, removes wind;
-the leaves bruised and applied to ulcers, cleans and heals them.
-
-619 Sahidei.--A plant about half a yard in height; its leaves like
-the Toolsi, cool and moist; useful in suppressed wind, fever, pains in
-the limbs, swellings of the throat; its use increases the complexion
-and volume of blood. It is used for killing mercury.
-
-620 Sohaga.--A name for Tunkhar.
-
-621 Sembill.--"Bombax Heptaphyllum. Silk-cotton Tree." A large tree
-of India; its leaves like the Jamin, but broader and more long, about
-half the breadth of the peepul and twice the length; in thickness,
-color, and mark, the same. Its flowers resemble the Bukaen when small,
-but when more advanced, it becomes more like the goolur, and when full
-grown, the flowers are as large as a large lime. It then spreads and
-becomes red; after this it again closes; the flower then falls, and
-leaves the seed vessel. The capsule is twice as large as that of the
-Mudar, and when ripe, is filled with cotton. I have ate of the flower
-when at its middle growth, and found it pleasant to the taste, but it
-produces flatulence. It is cool and aphrodisiac; induces corpulence;
-is astringent, and cures boils and eruptions, Juzam, and disorders
-of the blood and bile: some call its gum Moocherus, the author of
-the Topha for instance; but Moocherus is the gum or flower of the
-Phoopul tree. In the opinion of the physicians of India, the Sembill
-is a powerful medicine as an aphrodisiac. If the juice of the root
-be made into sherbet with equal part of sugar, it will increase age
-by restoring the vital energy, increase understanding and semen;
-the larger and older the tree, and the thicker the root, the greater
-its strength as a medicine. The small roots are cut into slices,
-dried on a rope, and sold; in this state, it resembles Bhamun Soorkh.
-
-Ascetics have said, that the perpendicular root of a large full
-grown Sembill tree, cut in pieces, dried and reduced to a powder
-is powerfully aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 4 direms daily. I
-have taken this powder to the quantity of one tolah with sugar, and
-have also prescribed it with advantage; it strengthens the stomach,
-and is gently laxative. If given with honey, I conceive that its
-virtues will be increased. The author of the celebrated work Ahmed
-Ben Shirazee has told the following story, which I shall relate as
-nearly as may be in his own words. "I was," says he, "on a journey,
-when coming to a village in India, and being very thirsty, I met an
-old man from whom I requested water to drink; I observed that this old
-man had a peculiarly healthy appearance, and seemed plump and stout;
-he had a young woman with him, whom he sent to his house for water,
-and who brought it me to drink. I then asked him whether that young
-girl was his daughter; he laughing answered that she was his wife,
-and that he had three others equally young. I was somewhat surprised
-at this, and asked him if this was not too many for him; he replied
-no! More and more astonished, I asked him if this was really the case;
-he avowed it to be so. I then questioned him how he came to be endowed
-with so much strength, and how old he was; he told me that his age
-was 110 years, and related the following facts: That when 50 years'
-old he had already become aged and feeble, and was so much decayed in
-constitution, that he seldom rose from his bed, and when he did so,
-was obliged to support himself on a crutch. That a fakeer passing that
-way observed his feeble state, and feeling compassion for his helpless
-situation, asked him what ailed him: he replied, nothing; but that old
-age had come upon him. The fakeer then gave him a medicine which he
-had taken ever since, with an injunction to abstain from all acids:
-this he had done, and that the effect was such as I saw. He likewise
-told me that he had a son nearly 80 years of age, who had also used
-the fakeer's prescription, and who was much stouter and more healthy
-in every respect than he.
-
-"Astonished at this relation, I procured the receipt, and thus hand
-it down to posterity.
-
-"Take the white roots of a full grown, healthy Sembill tree, which
-is soft; cut them in pieces, dry them in the shade, and reduce them
-to a powder: sift it very fine, with equal parts of sugar, and over
-the fire, form it into an electuary: of this 5 direms are to be eaten
-daily, and no acid to be used.
-
-"To this the old man swore, and brought his son and introduced him to
-me to prove the truth of his story. The son corroborated the assertion
-of his father, and added that he had ate the remedy only two years,
-when he became as he then was; certain it is, he had not a grey hair
-in his head."
-
-622 Semb.--also SÈme. A common creeper; its leaves very green and
-small, broad in the centre and pointed: a smaller leaf rising from
-the same part of the stem; its flower is small and of a yellowish
-color. Its seed is like the pistachio nut, but more broad and longer
-in some degree, like the stone of the tamarind; it is called B·kl·
-Hindui; it is cool, astringent, flatulent, and from its astringency
-strengthens the stomach; is aphrodisiac; cures bilious disorders;
-increases mucus, and the Hindoos have recommended it for the cure of
-wind; but in this I do not concur, as it is rather apt to produce
-wind; they are however in the habit of recommending all medicines
-that procure a discharge of flatus. One kind is called Golesemb,
-also called Krishnphilla; its seed is larger and longer than the one
-now described; it is hot, and cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.
-
-623 Sehoond.--A prickly plant, growing wild. A. Zakoom. It is so
-called, but the seed of the Zakoom is said to be like the Hurr,
-whereas the Sehoond has no seed; it is pungent, heavy, laxative;
-increases appetite, cures dropsy; is an antidote to poison, useful in
-affections of the spleen, Juzam, idiotism, marasmus, and itchiness
-of the bowels, flatulent swellings, badgola, swellings in general,
-and is lithontriptic. The best kind is red or of a rose color; its
-milk is also red, but if put on a cloth it becomes white. All kinds
-of it are used in transmutation of metals. There are several kinds in
-use for various purposes, the juice is an ingredient in many formulÊ.
-
-624 Sisoo or Sishum, and another kind called Rusispa. It is a very
-common tree of Hindostan, large like the Jamin, and its wood is durable
-and excellent; it is not readily attacked by insects nor liable to
-decay. If cut down when the moon is in the wane, no insect will ever
-touch it; its leaves are small and round, a little inclining to oval,
-with very little point, like the leaf of the Semb. Its seed-vessel
-is light, and contains only two or three seeds; it is about half an
-inch long; both kinds of the tree are hot, and reduce corpulency. It
-also causes abortions; cures Juzam and white leprosy; is vermifuge;
-removes pains in the urinary bladder; useful in boils, eruptions, heat
-of body, disorders of the blood and mucus, and allays vomiting. It is
-particularly useful in disorders of the blood and cuticular eruptions;
-this is a favorite wood among Europeans. It is also useful in Lues
-Venerea, and is thus used: one and half masha of the filings of the
-centre or dark-colored wood is boiled in 3/4 pound of water, till
-only one-half shall remain, then strain and drink with the following
-plain sherbet: the same quantity repeated in the evening, and every
-five or six days. The sherbet of Morukub mixed or drank with it. This
-must be repeated for 14, or 21, or 40 days.
-
-
-Receipt for the plain Sherbet.
-
-Filings of the wood, a pound, infused in 12 lbs. of river water,
-for 24 hours, then boiled, and when half is evaporated, strain and
-add to it 3 rittals of sugar (23 ounces), and preserve for use. Six
-tolahs to be taken morning and evening, with the decoction above
-specified. If this is required of additional strength, four tolahs
-of Pitpapra is to be added when the decoction is nearly complete.
-
-
-Receipt for the mixed Sherbet.
-
-When the above sherbet is nearly ready for use, add to it Soorinjan
-(Hermodactyls), Irkhir (Camel's hay), each three tolahs and 9 mashas,
-separately bruised, strained, and gradually mixed; when fully boiled
-add 10 tolahs of senna, and take it from the fire. If this is required
-of additional virtue for the cure of foulness of the blood and Lues
-Venerea, add four tolahs of the Pitpapra before the others are mixed
-with it. Ten tolahs of this in the morning is to be used as before
-specified. No food to be used during the cure, except kullia, pillau,
-and bread; no acid to be admitted, and no greens of any description,
-and the day on which the mixed sherbet is taken, even bread is not
-to be eaten. "Dalbergia Sissoo. Roxb."
-
-625 Sial "The Jackal." Its flesh strengthens the system,
-increases semen, cures disorders of wind and hectic
-fever. A. Ebn··vee. P. Sheghal.
-
-626 Sendhi.--The juice of the date tree; this is less powerful than
-the tarrie; it is flatulent and aperient; induces corpulency, and
-is aphrodisiac.
-
-627 SendhÊ.--A kind of Kutcherie.
-
-628 Sealie.--The wild carrot, long and cone-shaped. A. Shakakul.
-
-629 Seenaki.--A name for Karoonus Soombul.
-
-630 Seenku.--A name for Shummie, vide Sh.
-
-631 Seotie vide Kurkooja. "Rosa glandulifera. Roxb."
-
-632 Seelidj.--A kind of ChÈreela, which grows in stony places or
-near water; it has a sweet smell; is bitter and cool, cures mucous
-and bilious disorders, heat, thirst, vomiting, and asthmas.
-
-633 Seep or Seepie. A name for Suduf (a shell). It is pungent, shining,
-and promotes digestion and appetite, strengthens the system, and is
-an antidote to poisons.
-
-634 Saeb.--A name for Tuffah. In Yunani works, the Indian kind is
-called Harara or Seoharara; it is cardiac, and its preserve is more so;
-it is aphrodisiac, and produces flatulence; when unripe it is acid
-and astringent, and hurtful, produces cough and decreases bile. Its
-corrector is salt.
-
-635 Seetaphill.--The common Shereefa, q. v.
-
-636 Singia or Singia Jur, (Aconite.) A root like Gentian, but a most
-deadly poison, and as such used by the Nepaulese. It is also called
-Singia Khar or Beechnak. It is described in several works as a most
-active poison, and not to be given by itself even in the smallest
-quantity. It is made up for internal use as follows:
-
-Take of quicksilver, Singia, Hurtaal (refined), chillies, sulphur
-(purified), Peepul, fine ginger, Hurrha, (large) Anula, borax
-(refined), Bahera, nutmeg, each a pice weight.
-
-Mix the quicksilver and sulphur together with a little of the juice
-of the Bhangra, then add the Hurtaal, rubbing them well, and add
-all the others, with more of the juice of the Bhangra, till 10 pint
-bottles or five seers shall be expended; this and these must be rubbed
-continually during 12 days, and till it acquires the consistence of a
-mass proper for pills. It is then to be made up into small pills of
-the size of a small pea each. These are given one for a dose, with
-the following vehicles, and in the cure of the following disorders;
-and during their exhibition, only simple food, and no acid to be used.
-
-
- With Kutkuleja leaves, in Vomiting, Cholera, &c.
- ,, Cow's urine, in the cure of Diarrhoea.
- ,, Toolsi leaves, Internal heat.
- ,, Lime juice, and applied to the eyes, Evil spirits depart.
- ,, Kusskuss water, in the cure of Bilious disorders.
- ,, Tirphilla and ginger, in Asthma.
- ,, Seed of Methi infusion, Dysentery.
- ,, Honey, Emaciation.
- ,, Ditto, to thicken Semen.
- ,, Butch, in the cure of Tooth-ache.
- ,, Pounded Kusskuss, Dropsy.
- ,, Nutmeg, Rheumatism from wind.
- ,, Onion Juice, Bites of snakes.
- ,, Infus. of Adjwain, Thirst.
- ,, [1]Juice of Kussownda, Wind.
- ,, Radish juice, Offensive breath.
- ,, [1]Soopearie juice, (rubbed,) Cholicks of children.
- ,, Gopie earth, Strangury.
- ,, Cow's Ghee, Bites of snakes.
- ,, Root of Semel tree, Every thing.
- ,, Old Goor, Internal heat.
- ,, [1]Eleachee, (Guzerathee,) Intermittents.
- ,, Mugrela and salt, Indigestion.
- ,, Doob grass, Diarrhoea.
- ,, Mace, externally in Night blindness.
- ,, Goonchee, in the cure of General Rheumatism.
- ,, Pith of Bela, Vertigo.
- ,, Water of burnt wheat, Sunpat.
-
-
-637 Shaldan.--A kind of rice, in virtue like the Saatie.
-
-638 Shalook.--The root of the Kawul flower, q. v.
-
-639 Shubbe.--Polyanthes Tuberosa. The name of a common flower, which
-has a strong scent in the night; it is of several kinds, white,
-yellow, red, and yellowish red. It is hot and dry in the second
-degree; three direms taken in water, is diuretic, and also useful
-in suppression of the menses. It expedites the delivery of the dead
-foetus and of the placenta. Its smell expels mucus from the brain
-and collections of wind. In those of a hot temperament it produces
-head-ache. Its corrector is oil of roses, vinegar, or its own oil;
-the latter is very beneficial both externally and internally used, and
-possesses all the beneficial properties attributed to the flower. An
-unguent composed of this, Akirkirrha, and Tokhur Unjeera, applied to
-the loins, is very beneficial in the two cases mentioned above, and
-is used both externally and internally in complaints of the uterus,
-also in rheumatism.
-
-640 Shutawur.--A name for the root of a tree in the jungles, of a
-prickly kind; its stem and branches are thin, with many smaller ones,
-about an inch or two inches long in the intervals. Its leaves are very
-thin and small, somewhat like the Fir tree. The tree itself grows to
-the height of 9 or 10 feet; its seed resembles the Anboo Saleb. It is
-sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; cures disorders of wind, mucus, bile,
-and blood, also swellings of the body. It is aphrodisiac; increases
-the secretion of milk, and is an ingredient in celebrated formulÊ. For
-increasing the consistence of semen, and as an aphrodisiac, I have
-found its conserve and powder of great use. One kind of it is called
-Kalinta, another Maha Shutawuri; they are cool; cure piles and laxities
-from indigested food, disorders of the eyes; are cardiac, aphrodisiac,
-and increase knowledge.
-
-641 Shitawuballie.--A kind of sugar, which cures eruptions from
-diffused bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.
-
-642 Shereefa.--Called also Seetaphill. It is sweet and cardiac;
-increases semen and removes depression of spirits. If the kernel of the
-seed, in the quantity of one direm, and dhaie, half rittal, be bruised
-together and rubbed over the body, in cures of itch, left to dry, and
-the same repeated several times, the itch will be cured; this I have
-found to be the case; tried and found effectual. "Annona squamosa."
-
-643 Shuftaloo.--A common fruit of India. Its tree like the Aroo. It
-is heavy, slow of digestion, cool, but less so than the Aroo; when
-unripe it is sour. The best is sweet when ripe.
-
-644 Shukur Javan.--Cool; expels wind; strengthens the system; decreases
-bile, wind, and mucus. A. Toorunjabeen.
-
-645 Shukur Kund.--"Convolvulus Batatas." A common culinary root,
-sweet and a little hot, and heavy, aphrodisiac, increases semen,
-and strengthens the brain.
-
-646 Shumie.--Commonly called Seenkur; cool, light, and soft; cures
-difficulty of respiration, Juzam, piles, disorders of mucus. The
-dried fruit increases knowledge, causes bile, and the growth of hair.
-
-647 Shunphopee.--A kind of Baer; is emetic, and beneficial in disorders
-of mucus and bile.
-
-648 Shungirf.--The red sulphuret of mercury. A. Shingerf; sweet and
-bitter; useful in fever and mucus, also fever from excess of mucus,
-wind and bile. It is called also Ingoor.
-
-649 Sholie.--A name for wild turmeric; pungent, sweet, and bitter;
-increases appetite, but vitiates taste.
-
-650 Shora.--Nitras PotassÊ. Nitrate of Potash. Yavakshara,
-S. A. Ubkur. Aperient; increases bile. In the Dhara Shekoi, it is said,
-that one dram of Shora, of the refined sort, pounded and enclosed in
-two plantains for a night, and given in affections of the spleen and
-Badgola, and repeated for three or four days, will cure the disease. If
-bruised and applied to piles, it will remove them. As a refrigerant and
-diuretic in gonorrhoea, I have found it very beneficial. It has been
-given in suppression of urine to the Emperor Akber, with great success.
-
-651 Shetoot.--A name for the mulberry.
-
-652 Shehut.--Also Shehud. A. Assil, "Honey." Vide Yunani works.
-
-653 Sheeta.--A kind of Doob grass.
-
-654 Sheesha.--Resembling Kaley in properties. A. Asserab.
-
-655 Sheeshum.--Also Seeshum.
-
-656 Sheobogun.--A name for Bael, from the word Mahadeo, who is called
-"Sheo," and Bogun, which signifies "ornament."
-
-657 Abbasie.--"Mirabilis Jalappa, W. Gul Abbas, H. The root is a
-mild and efficient purgative, equal, if not superior, to the common
-jalap." A very common shrub, used by Dr. McNabb, as a purgative;
-its flower is of a red color and very beautiful, and there are some
-yellow and white, and variegated; it grows about a yard high or even
-more; its leaves are triangular, and about two inches long. A pickle
-is made from the root, and the flower is dressed and eaten with
-meat. The leaves are suppurating. It is generally understood that
-the root, when old, is the Choobcheenee, but this is not the case,
-though it resembles it, or that kind called Kutai.
-
-658 Ghoghaie.--A bird called in A. Asphoor. It resembles the
-turtle-dove, and derives its name from the great noise it makes. It
-is also called Pukherie, but this is a general name for wild fowl.
-
-659 Gowreh.--All kinds of green fruit.
-
-660 Ghafis.--Hemp; Agrimony; deobstruent; dose one miskal.
-
-661 Ghar.--The laurel; discutient and attenuant; dose half miskal.
-
-662 Ghasool.--Glasswort; Hindooi, Chook; P. Ghasul; hot and dry;
-detergent and caustic; dose half direm.
-
-663 Ghareekoon.--Agaric; deobstruent, vermifuge, cathartic; dose one
-or two danas.
-
-664 Ghirb.--The mountain pine, drying.
-
-665 Kakjunga.--Cool, but some say hot, and dry in the 2nd degree; it
-is vermifuge, and useful in an over-loaded stomach, in poisons, mucus,
-and eruptions from suffusion of bile; also in fevers. It also obtains
-the name of Misie. Rijel ul Ghorab, A. Tokhem Khelal Kheleel, P.
-
-666 Kans.--A shrub with a white flower, of a downy kind; cures
-suppression of urine or dysuria, heat of the body, disorders of blood,
-bile, and hectic fever.
-
-667 Kakolie.--Its properties resemble Jirkakolie.
-
-668 Kaksaag.--Aperient, and promotes appetite; cures disorders of
-mucus, swellings of the body, and expels wind.
-
-669 Kasmerie or Kasmuroo, or Kasmurga, or Kasheera. It is hot; heavy;
-cures fever, pains in the bowels, and its flower is astringent and
-beneficial in eruptions from diffusion of bile. It is an ingredient
-in many formulÊ. It prevents the approach of old age, strengthens
-all the animal functions, and is aphrodisiac and diuretic.
-
-670 Kanjee.--Increases the secretion of milk; cures disorders of
-mucus, wind, and bile. It is the vinegar of Hindostan. It restores
-prostrated strength from fatigue, removes pains in the bowels and
-flatulence, and remedies costiveness. The method of preparing it is
-thus. A little Zeera and Saslie are put on the fire till they produce
-a smoke, an earthen vessel is then placed over them in an inverted
-position to receive the smoke. Then into this is put mustard, salt,
-adjwain, and cumin seed, with warm water; the mouth of the vessel
-is then tied up in a cloth, and placed in the sun till it becomes
-sour. In the hot-weather it is quickly prepared; the older it is,
-the better for medicinal purposes.
-
-671 Gowrohun.--A medicine found in the gall-bladder of a cow,
-and is but seldom met with. It is beneficial in affections of the
-mesenteric glands of children; in the quantity of two soorkhi it is
-purgative. It is also beneficial in flatulent swellings. If boiled
-in water and used for some time, it will cure epilepsy. It is only
-found in those cows the descendants of those herded by Khrishna.
-
-It is often counterfeited, but the real kind is clearer than the
-spurious.
-
-672 Kath.--"Acacia Catechu, W. Kayar, H. Khadira, S. Mimosa Catechu,
-Woodville." Called also Kuth. It is cool and vermifuge; strengthens
-the teeth; cures seminal weakness, fever, white leprosy, swellings,
-eruptions from bile, marasmus, Juzam, and mucous disorders. The gum
-is sweet and aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system. That made from
-the pith of the Khaer, is useful in boils and eruptions, affections of
-the mouth, and disorders of mucus and blood. It also removes ptyalism.
-
-673 Kakra Singie.--It is crooked like a ram's horn; small and red,
-with a tinge of black, and its pod is hollow; it is bitter, astringent,
-hot, and promotes appetite, and restores the color of the skin changed
-from foulness of blood; allays vomiting and thirst; cures fever and
-disorders of mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough, and eructation,
-also piles and dysentery. It is said to be hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree. It likewise cures wind and hoarseness, and creates appetite;
-and it is useful, if retained in the mouth, as a relief to cough from
-phlegm; a little of it given to children at the breast, mixed with
-honey, increases their strength and removes emaciation.
-
-674 Kanakutchoo.--Brought from Cashmere, and held in great esteem in
-that country. Its taste is saltish and sweet, and it is used dressed
-with meat; some call it Samaroogh, but the latter is a creeper and
-does not produce seed. The fruit is about half the size of an egg,
-and is suspended from the plant, which is of a white color, and grows
-during the rains in the jungles, and loves the vicinity of running
-water. It is also called Neerkoombie. It is found sometimes amongst
-ruins, but those that grow in the jungles are to be preferred. The
-lower classes of Indians use it as food, and as such it is grateful. It
-is useful in affections of the eyes.
-
-675 Kagphill or Kagtoondie. "Strychnos Nux Vomica, W." "I have heard
-that it grows very common about Midnapoor or Cuttack; several seeds
-or nuts are enclosed in one pod, which in size is about that of a
-horse chestnut, the seeds are surrounded in the pod by a glutinous
-matter. It is said to be useful in paralysis, but has seldom been given
-beyond six grains in the day."--"Trans." It has obtained its name from
-being poison to the crow. Kag being the name of a crow, and phill, a
-nut A. Hubbool Girab; for the same reason. It is not well ascertained
-whether it is a seed or root, but it looks like a seed. It is equally
-uncertain whether it is cool or hot; it is brownish, inside white; it
-is round, and its shell very hard; steeped in water it becomes soft,
-and its shell can be removed; it is then rasped down and pounded,
-and kept in a state of powder or electuary for use. It strengthens
-the system; cures disorders of wind; blackens white hair; but its
-constant use produces palsy. It is an active poison; its correctors
-are drinking fresh milk, producing vomiting, and taking soup, oily or
-fatty substances. If externally applied to discolorations of the skin,
-daad, pains, &c. it will be found beneficial. It is said in the Dara
-Shekoi, to be excellent in cholics from wind. It is in my opinion hot,
-but as it is a strong poison, it is better not to use it: if given
-as a medicine, its correctors ought to be given with it.
-
-It is also mentioned among aphrodisiac medicines, and will be found
-a powerful one, should it agree with the stomach. In India its name
-is Koochela.
-
-676 Gajur.--"Daucus Carota, W." The carrot; sweet to the taste, and
-equally hot and cold in its effects; it creates appetite, produces
-costiveness, cures eruptions from suffusion of bile; is useful in
-piles, is lithontriptic, and beneficial in mucous disorders and
-wind. A. Gazur. I have found it excellent when roasted in an oven;
-the thin external rind and heart removed, and ate with rose-water,
-and Bedemoosk, in depression of spirits, and as a cardiac. Its
-distilled water is also equally effectual. Its virtues are described
-in Yunani works.
-
-677 Kaiphill or Kutphill. It is bitter, astringent, and pungent,
-cures disorders of mucus and wind, fevers, difficulty of breathing,
-seminal weakness, piles, cough, and all affections of the throat.
-
-678 Kanch or Kaatch; light; reduces corpulence; cures boils and
-eruptions, and strengthens the eyes. It is also called Zejage.
-
-679 Kalizeerie.--"Nigella Indica, Roxb. Musavi, S. Sp. ch. annual,
-petals entire, pistils five, length of the stamina, leaves decompound,
-exterior lip of the nectary ovate, and deeply two-cleft, interior
-entire and acute. Roxb. MS." A seed of a black color, twice as long as
-the zeerie, and about twice the breadth; also named Kurdmana though
-improperly. It is used as medicine for horses; it is hot, increases
-the digestive powers, and is useful in all swellings.
-
-680 Kasht.--Very hard. A kind of sugar-cane.
-
-681 Kangeerug.--A name for Kakeerun.
-
-682 Kalseenbie.--A name for Kalyseeb; hot and heavy; cures disorders
-of mucus and bile, also disorders in the mouth.
-
-683 Kansi.--P. Rooie; heavy, hot, and aperient; strengthens the eyes
-and cures bilious and mucous disorders.
-
-684 Kathmanda.--A name for Lisanus sowr.
-
-685 Kalakora.--A name for Kirra Inderjow.
-
-686 Katchloon.--A name for Muschookoonia, also named Kuphaiena, or
-Mylhoolrejaje. Its taste is rough; increases bile, decreases mucus,
-and useful in splenitis. It is laxative, removes specs, and opacities
-of the cornea. It dries the stomach, and externally is useful in all
-kinds of itch.
-
-687 Kastipadile.--Vide Padill.
-
-688 Kalesur or Kulesur; a plant, its leaves and sprigs very thin and
-small, it is sold in a dried state. It is like the Badsingbose. Its
-fruit is like the Baer, but a little larger, of a clay color or
-greenish. It is of two kinds, white and black, both oleaginous and
-sweet, heavy, increases semen, cures disorders of the three secretions,
-fevers, disorders of the vagina, dropsy, and it is astringent in its
-properties. The black kind increases appetite.
-
-689 Kanghi.--Cool, pungent; sweetish to the taste; strengthens the
-system, clears the color of the skin; is astringent, flatulent;
-useful in affections of the mouth and hectic fever.
-
-690 Kandagolhi.--A kind of onion, used by the weavers of cloth, from
-which circumstance it has derived its name ("Squills?"). It is like
-the common onion, but four times as large; it grows in the jungles, and
-in A. is called Unsul; its properties are described in Yunani works.
-
-691 Kapoor.--Cool, light, anti-aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of
-the eyes; cures heat of the body, bad taste in the mouth; removes
-corpulence and swellings of the body, disorders from poison,
-and clears the brain. A. Kaphoor. It is of four kinds: Poonasir,
-Bheemseejnie, Saasdaie and Bhaskur, the medicinal properties of all
-are the same. "Laurus Camphora."
-
-692 Kupoor.--The same as above; also called Khesia.
-
-693 Kapoorbile.--A flower; its leaves and root resembling the saffron
-flower; it is brought from Europe.
-
-694 Goobrowla also Goobreyla. A. Khumfusa. P. Jaab. It is described
-in all Yunani works.
-
-695 Kapithar Jug.--A kind of Soorinjan; pungent, cool, and dry;
-increases general heat and bile; cures disorders of blood and mucus;
-also removes daad; is vermifuge, and is an antidote to poison.
-
-696 Kupass or Kurpass. "Gossypium herbaceum." It is sweet, hot, and
-light; cures disorders of wind; it is the cotton tree; some call it
-cool. Its seed increases the secretion of animal milk, removes bile,
-mucus, heat, thirst, fatigue, epilepsy, &c. The wild species is cool,
-and increases the acuteness of taste and cures ulcers. It is also
-called Karis or Karpassie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kupass is the cotton tree; hot and moist; cures asthma, cough,
-costiveness; loosens the chest. The cotton burnt and applied to ulcers,
-dries them up, blown into the nose stops bleeding; also bleeding of
-the gums. Should any one have eaten dhatura, and become insensible,
-four direms of the seeds bruised in water, and given to drink will
-remove the cause. It is also an antidote to the poison of opium,
-bhang, snakes, the root of dhatura, scorpions, &c. in the quantity
-of seven direms.
-
-697 Kubab Cheenee.--It is pungent and bitter; promotes digestion;
-increases appetite; improves the taste; cures affections of wind,
-phlegm, paralysis of the tongue, and clears the voice. "Cubebs,
-Piper Cubeba, Murr." Excellent in gonorrhoea virulenta.
-
-698 Kapoor Kutcherie.--A name for Saaltie.
-
-699 Kapoorie.--A name for Ispurka.
-
-700 Kuthael.--"Artocarpus Integrifolia (Roxb.)" A fruit of India,
-very common, of a green color like Shukena, from half a yard to a
-yard in length, and about half a yard in thickness. On opening it is
-found a pulp of a saffron color, of a mucilaginous nature, inclining
-to gummy. The tree is like that of the walnut, but I suspect the
-Kuthael is much the largest and the leaves much less. The smell of the
-flower is sweet. The fruit is taken from the tree before it is ripe,
-covered with lime and thus brought to maturity. It cures disorders of
-bile and wind, strengthens the system, and is aphrodisiac; it cures
-eruptions from diffused bile, and is slow of digestion; it induces
-costiveness, is useful in disorders of the chest, increases semen and
-allays thirst. Its seeds are astringent and sweet, and increase wind,
-they are hurtful if ate on an empty stomach. Its corrector is its
-seed. Some have said, that the fruit when allowed to ripen on the
-tree is the best, and that the forced kind is cool.
-
-701 Kootki.--A small root, "Justicia Ganderussa," brought from the
-hills; it is of a grey colour and full of knots; bitter to the taste,
-during digestion; pungent, cool, and drying. It is light and aperient;
-cures bilious, mucous, and feverish disorders, difficulty of breathing,
-heart-burn, and heat of body. It is also vermifuge; the dose 4 direms.
-
-702 Kutara.--A kind of sugar-cane; it is thin, cool, and heavy;
-cures diffusion of bile and Rajiroge. The leaves of one kind are
-like needles, another much larger, a third of a middling size:
-all are astringent, and after meals produce heart-burn, and wind;
-they cure disorders of mucus and bile, but cause heat in the chest
-and flatulence. Its correction is being boiled in water, or roasted
-in hot ashes. When washed in water it becomes less flatulent, and
-cures disordered secretions, increases the bulk of the solids, and
-is diuretic.
-
-703 Kuteera.--"Echinops echinatus, (Roxb.)" The globe-thistle,
-or Kuragond. Cool; increases consistence of semen; beneficial in
-gonorrhoea; lessens aphrodisia. If two mashas be infused in water for
-a night, well mixed and taken with sherbet of Unjewar, or by itself,
-it will be found effectual in vomiting of blood, in gonorrhoea,
-and itchiness of the urinary bladder.
-
-704 Kutai.--The white kind; it is a species of the small Kutai; the
-flower of the large kind is red. The small is bitter and pungent;
-hot and useful in wind, bile and disorders of the liver, difficulty
-of voiding urine, in torpor of the olfactory nerves; is vermifuge,
-and cures affections of the heart. The large kind is called Beretta,
-already noticed, also called Kuntai.
-
-705 Kutoonbur.--"Cucumis Madraspatanas." A kind of Kutchim (species
-of melon); sweet and hot, vide Baluka.
-
-706 Kutputrie.--Hot and astringent; useful in disorders of the
-organs of generation of the female; its fruit cool and aphrodisiac,
-and produces a discharge of wind.
-
-707 Kuth.--"Catechu, Terra Japonica, Acacia Catechu?"
-
-708 Kutchnar.--"Bauhinia variegata." One kind of which is called
-Gobdar; the leaves of the Kutchnar are green and variegated with veins,
-and they resemble the junction of two leaves, indeed a separation does
-sometimes exist. The tree resembles the mulberry, and is even larger,
-but considerably so in diameter; both kinds are cool, astringent;
-produce costiveness; cure disorders of mucus and bile; are vermifuge;
-destroy worms in the rectum; useful in the virulent ulcer called
-Kunzeer, also in all eruptions and boils. Its flower is cool, dry,
-light, and astringent; cures disorders of bile, and corrects an excess
-in the menstrual discharge; beneficial in piles, wounds, ulcers,
-and cough. The tree is called by the above name, but it is usually
-given to the flower only. I have found it beneficial to the stomach, in
-removing laxativeness of the bowels, and in bleeding piles. A decoction
-of its bark forms an excellent gargle in ptyalism from mercury or bela.
-
-709 Kutchaloo.--"Arum Colocasia." An esculent root, vide Aroie.
-
-710 Gudjpepullie.--Also Gudjpeepul; a round fruit, 4 times as large
-as that of the peepul, and very much resembles it; it is bitter,
-hot; increases appetite; induces costiveness; cures Juzam, difficulty
-of breathing, affections of the throat, is vermifuge, and useful in
-disorders of wind and mucus.
-
-711 Kutchua.--"P. Sungpoosht or Bah·. A. Silhafat." "The Turtle." Its
-meat is moist and aphrodisiac, and is useful in disorders of wind. It
-is related, that in cases of great difficulty of respiration from
-affections of the lungs or bronchiÊ, much benefit has been derived
-from inhaling the breath of the turtle. Its eggs, mixed with water
-and applied hot to the scrotum, removes disorders, to which it may
-be subjected.
-
-712 Coochilla.--Vide Kagphill.
-
-713 Kutcherie.--(Cucumis Madraspatanas;) sweet, hot, light, and
-soft; creates appetite; increases bile. It is called Dustumboieya,
-vide Phoot. There is another fruit which bears this name, it is a
-creeper, found in fields, like the Kunoorie fruit; it is pungent,
-bitter; assists digestion, and increases appetite. In my opinion,
-it is hot; it is eaten cut in half, and fried with salt and oil,
-and greatly relished. It is thus also rendered more active in its
-properties. It is used both ripe and unripe; when used with meat,
-the later is easily rendered tender. It forms an ingredient in all
-stomachic powders in India.
-
-714 Kutchoor.--"Curcuma Zerumbet, (Roxb.)" Of three kinds: large, male,
-and female. The large kind is also called Nerkuchoor, and the simple
-word Kutchoor is generally applied to the female; the third kind is
-called Kaphoor Kutcherie. The Nerkutchoor is also called Zerambeed. The
-three kinds possess nearly the same properties. It is hot, light;
-creates appetite; cures Juzam, piles, boils, wounds, difficulty of
-breathing, Badgola, disorders of wind, and mucus, and is vermifuge.
-
-715 Kudum.--"Nauclea Orientalis, or Kudum, and another kind called
-Mohoonut; also one kind named Dhoul Kudum, and Bhoom Kudum." The
-leaves and flower resemble the walnut tree; all kinds are cool,
-and are useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.
-
-716 Gudha.--Its flesh is sweet, during digestion bitter. It is light,
-strengthens the system, and increases bile and mucus.
-
-717 Gudloon.--Hot, light; cures disorders of wind and mucus. Is
-aperient and diuretic.
-
-718 Goodhul Citron.--Has a flower like the poppy, and many leaves;
-its leaves are like the mulberry, and it flowers every alternate
-year. Its fruit is like the apple; when unripe, green, and acid, with
-a little bitterness; but when fully ripe, and it has become yellow,
-the bitterness does not remain; it also becomes red and sweet, but
-if it remain long on the tree it again assumes a greenish hue. The
-tree is like the lime tree with broad leaves. The people of India
-have an idea, that if the flowers be kept in the house they produce
-quarrelling and strife; the flowers are used in lowness of spirits
-arising from heat. It is said, that the root of this and also that of
-the Kunaer are very intoxicating. If boiled in milk, and this curdled,
-it is aphrodisiac.
-
-719 Kurna.--The flower of the above; it has four leaves, and is white
-before it opens; it is shaped like an arrow-head; it has a sweet
-perfume, and as such is used; a distilled water is also made from
-it and an essential oil. The water is called Arukbahar, and is hot
-and dry, and used in weakness of the brain; also as an aphrodisiac;
-creating appetite and elevating the spirits; also in pains of the
-chest, in cholics from wind, and delirium.
-
-A little of it commenced with and constantly used for seven days,
-with a little sugar, is beneficial in affections of the spleen;
-it is used in Aniseed water as a lithontriptic; in an empty stomach
-for the bleeding piles. It is used with musk, &c. to perfume hooka
-snakes. The author of the Topha says, that this is the bud of the
-Naringi, and that the distilled water of that is called Arukbahar;
-but in my opinion they are distinct varieties, and in this part of
-the country they distil from all. Goodhul is the name of the tree,
-Kuth that of the fruit, and Kurna that of the flower.
-
-720 Karownda.--Also Kirmidie, and a kind of this Khristnphill; the
-first kind is red and white, second is white and black, and the third
-entirely black, therefore called Kristnphil, from being of the color
-of the god Kristna. Its flower is like the Jui; when unripe it is hot,
-heavy, and acid; produces mucus and diffusion of bile: when ripe it
-is sweet and less acid, light; creates appetite, and cures disorders
-of wind and bile. "Carissa Carandas."
-
-721 Kareyl.--"Capparis, the Caper plant," or Kareyr. A tree without
-leaves, its branches rise from the root, and are very numerous. It
-grows about the height of the Baer. It has numerous flowers, small and
-three-leaved. Its flowers are boiled and eaten; its fruit made into
-pickles in salt-water and oil; its fruit is at first green, then it
-becomes red, and lastly black; they are about the size of the Karownda;
-they are bitter, pungent, hot, aperient; useful in mucous disorders,
-wind, boils, eruptions, swellings, as an antidote to poisons, and in
-piles. Its flowers are beneficial in disorders of mucus and bile. My
-father always recommended them in disorders arising from cold. In
-consequence of their heating quality, they are useful in affections
-of the joints. P. Amghyllyan.
-
-722 Karunj.--From the "Moojerrabad Akberi." The name of a large
-tree, the leaves like the lime tree, the fruit like the tamarind,
-but smaller; it is hot, and discusses swellings and all pains arising
-from cold; useful in lumbago, in strokes of the wind, and it is used
-as a fomentation in the above disorders.
-
-723 Gurehri.--A fruit of India, produced in the hot season; it is
-a nut of a black color, and shining appearance, about the length
-of the Jamalgota, but a little thinner; the kernel is white, and is
-ate with salt and peepul, and much esteemed. It induces costiveness,
-is aphrodisiac, and thickens semen.
-
-724 Krishndaan.--A kind of rice; in its properties and excellence
-like the Saatie.
-
-725 Kurwanuk.--The name of a common bird; its meat is sweet and
-pleasant to the taste. It frequents the banks of rivers and jungles,
-but the river kind is nearly twice the size of the other.
-
-726 Geerguth.--(Chameleon.) A. Heerbah, Un. Kalamunder,
-P. Aftabperust. It resembles the lizard in its appearance. It has a
-long tail, and frequently changes its color.
-
-727 Kurkura.--(Ardea Virgo.) A species of paddy-bird, called also
-Kurkhuraa; its flesh increases corpulency; is aphrodisiac, and
-strengthens the system.
-
-728 Kurinjua or Korinjeka, or Kurinjee. "Guilandina Bonduccella,
-Linn. CÊsalpinia Bonduccella. Roxb. Kutkuleja, H. An excellent tonic,
-and infallible in the cure of intermittents, when combined with a
-decoction of Chereyta. Dose one seed, mixed with pepper, which may be
-repeated every three hours." A seed, or rather nut, hard and shining;
-it is of a blue or greenish color; light, round, and thick, like the
-Majoo; when shaken near the ear the kernel is found loose, and when
-broken, this is found whitish, like the Mukhana. Its shrub grows to
-the height of a man, more or less, "but if supported, will run much
-higher. It is covered with very sharp prickles, and makes the best
-fence in the world perhaps." It is hot; cures piles; is vermifuge,
-useful in Juzam, and its leaves are beneficial in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and blood. A. Ektumkut. P. Khayeblees. Leaves used as a
-fomentation in rheumatic pains.
-
-729 Kurwara or Kurwala. A name for Amultas;
-P. Phuloos. A. Khiarshimber. Discutient, aperient, and laxative. See
-Yunani works.
-
-730 Korund.--A name for Sunadudje.
-
-731 Goor.--It is sweet to the taste and a little pungent; light,
-aperient; creates appetite; increases bile and swellings of the body;
-produces worms and cures disorders of wind; strengthens the system;
-is diuretic and cardiac. P. Kund Sia.
-
-732 Kurr.--"Carthamus Tinctoria." A name of Masphir or
-Kussumb. P. Kussukdana. A. Koortub. It is of a white color like
-peas, and a little pointed; it is very common; removes phlegm, and
-is aperient.
-
-733 Karela.--"Momordica Charantia." A common culinary fruit, of a
-green or yellowish color, and encloses numerous seeds. It is about
-two or three inches long, and very irregular in the surface. It is
-in its properties cool and light; some say hot and heavy, and some
-call it equal. It is pungent and laxative; beneficial in piles,
-eruptions of the mouth, disorders of the blood, jaundice, panroque,
-phlegm, seminal weakness, and it is vermifuge. Its name is said to
-be Kassaul hemar. In my opinion it is very drying, by reason of its
-heating quality: when dressed with onions, it is less heavy as food. It
-has the effect of strengthening the stomach weakened from cold. Its
-root taken, commencing with one masha and increasing to seven, will
-cure the venereal disease. The wild kind is named Kaarbellie. It is
-cool, bitter, light, and aperient; cures disorders of bile, blood,
-phlegm, black bile, jaundice, wind, marasmus, seminal weakness,
-and worms. Another kind of this produced in gardens is of a white
-color, and more long than the other; its coat is thin, and it is
-the best of all the varieties: there are many ways of dressing it,
-but with onions it is the best and most aphrodisiac; without onions,
-its effects are not so powerful, and it is less heating.
-
-734 Kirkund.--The small Baer, called also Nazookbadun; it is moist
-and heavy; sweet, and cures disorders of bile and wind. It is also
-called Jhirberrie. There is a smaller kind, that is more sweet,
-and grows in gardens.
-
-735 Kora.--A name for the Inderjow tree; it is very bitter and
-astringent; cool and dry; creates appetite; cures bilious disorders and
-foulness of blood, also disorders of mucus; and removes obstructions
-in the pylorus from viscid mucus; useful in indigestion and Juzam;
-restrains hemorrhage from piles and diarrhoea.
-
-736 Kurni.--"Mimusops Kauki." A fruit of the hills; pungently
-bitter and hot; cures disorders of bile and mucus, flatulence, and
-is vermifuge.
-
-737 Kurrukphill.--A name for Bahira.
-
-738 Krishn Moolie.--A black kind called Kalesur; it derives its name
-from being a root of the color of Krishna.
-
-739 Krishn Saarba.--A black kind of Saarba.
-
-740 Kussowndie or Kussownda. The name of a tree of India; its branches
-commence from near the root and surround the stem, growing out from all
-sides of it. It grows about the thickness of a bambu, and in height
-that of a man. The leaves if rubbed have a disagreeable smell. Its
-seed-vessel is about a yard long, or even longer; it encloses small
-round seeds like Sumach, a little crooked. Its leaves are thick like
-Kumerach, but the latter are broad, whereas this is longer. The large
-kind is called Kussownda, the smaller Kussowndie; the leaves of both
-are nearly alike. It is hot, moist, and some say equal. It relieves the
-brain, and if the seed is washed and eaten, it will cure the effects
-of the scorpion's poison; and if the seed and leaves be ground in a
-mill, made into bread with flour, and eaten with sweet oil, it will
-cure night blindness; should any one have swallowed tiger's hair,
-pills made of the leaves, flower, and seed swallowed and vomiting
-produced, the hair will be discharged.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kussowndie is a medicine of India, hot and dry; cures wind and loosens
-phlegm; useful in cough and disorders of the blood. 1 1/2 direms
-of its root with half direm of peepul eaten, will cure the poison of
-snakes or scorpions, or if rubbed on the bitten or stung part will give
-relief. It clears the voice, and if five direms of its leaves with one
-direm of peepul be bruised in water, and taken for seven days, during
-which period food without salt is eaten, it will cure Lues Venerea.
-
-741 Kusseroo or Kusseruk. "Cyperus Tuberosus." The root of a grass,
-black and full of hair, like bristles, found in the cold season. It
-is cool, sweet, heavy; used in disorders of bile, blood, and general
-heat; it induces costiveness, increases semen, phlegm, and wind, and
-allays thirst. If eaten with its outer rind, or only chewed, and the
-juice swallowed, it will be less heavy and hurtful; some bruise it
-and drink sherbet thus made with sugar, and it is thus more cooling
-and useful in cases of gonorrhoea, and the effects of hot winds,
-but in this case the outer rind must be removed.
-
-742 Kustooryea Mirg.--Its meat is sweet to the taste, light and
-flatulent, creating appetite; that of the female is cool: useful in
-fever, cough, disorders of blood, and difficulty of breathing. It
-is said to be common in Thibet and Bengal. It resembles the deer,
-and has two ridges on its back lengthways. Musk is procured from
-its abdomen in this manner: When it is ripe, it produces itching
-about the navel, and the animal rubbing it on sharp pointed stones,
-causes it to discharge in the form of matter. This is the finest and
-best kind of musk, and the gentleman, with whom I was, received some
-of it every two years, from the Rajah of Shirinaghur.
-
-743 Kussoombh.--A. Masphir. "Artemisia Abrotanum." It is sweet, and
-very hot, and dry; light, and increases bile; cures disorders of blood,
-mucus, and suppression of urine.
-
-744 Kustoorie.--Bitter, hot, heavy, aphrodisiac; useful in colds,
-disorders of phlegm and wind; allays vomiting; removes swellings;
-corrects offensive breath and loss of smell. One kind of it is called
-Lutta Kustoorie, vide L.
-
-745 Kussees.--"Sulphas Ferri." A kind of Zaaj; astringent, cool;
-increases eye-sight, and clears the skin; vermifuge and an antidote
-to poisons; also a kind called Heera Roopus.
-
-746 Kukrownela.--The Kurrownda.
-
-747 Kukora.--The fruit of a shrub of India, smaller than the Kurela;
-it has many hair-like fibres of a green colour over its surface, and
-it has numerous seeds. Its properties are the same as the Kurela. It
-is useful in that eruption which takes place on the face in puberty;
-beneficial in fever and phlegm, and creates appetite. One kind of
-it is called Banje Kakora. It is bitter, an antidote to poisons;
-useful in that eruption of the face called acne punctata. Its root
-is used in Zaerbad, in discussing swellings, and in the bites of all
-noxious reptiles, and it is also of benefit in cough. Some have said,
-that this is the wild Kurela, but this is not the fact, for the wild
-Kurela is essentially different and more resembles the garden sort.
-
-748 Kookra.--"Wild fowl." P. Deek. It is hot, moist, heavy,
-aphrodisiac; used in disorders of wind; is tonic; produces semen and
-increases mucus. Its flesh is astringent to the taste; dry and heavy;
-and those found near rivers are hot and aphrodisiac, and increase
-mucus.
-
-749 Kookrie.--The female of the above. A. Dejaje: the properties
-the same.
-
-750 Kukrie.--"Cucumis Utilissimus." Unripe, it is sweet and cool,
-heavy, cardiac, and astringent. In my opinion it is aperient, creates
-appetite, and removes bilious disorders.
-
-751 Gugundool.--The best kind of this is the Kumbi; it is eaten wasted
-in ghee, with salt and condiments.
-
-752 Googeerun or Gugeeroo. A plant from 1 to 1 1/2 yards high; the
-branches very thin, the leaves like the Nirkut; it is purgative, and
-when ripe, it is heavy; recommended in wind, blood, and affections
-of mouth.
-
-753 Kukrownda.--The common Kurrownda. The plant is half a yard or
-more in height, its leaves like the tobacco; but smaller. It has an
-offensive smell, much increased by being rubbed betwixt the finger;
-it grows near ruins or in waste places, and is found in the rains. It
-is a kind of Bhangra, and has the name of Kokurbangra; it is bitter,
-pungent; useful in fevers and disorders of the blood and mucus. If
-bruised in water, and the water given as a clyster to children, it
-will remove ascarides, and if three drops be dropped into each ear,
-it will cure intermittents. It is very beneficial in bleeding piles,
-both internally and externally. If one direm of the leaves be taken
-in water, and the bruised leaves applied to the piles, it will effect
-a cure.
-
-754 Gillo.--"Menispermum Glabrum," (vide Goorcha,) or Vaoutvellee or
-Imrutlutta, or Jurnasnie, (a febrifuge,) or Goorajie, or Goondunie. It
-is bitter, astringent, and sweet, and in digestion hot, light; inducing
-costiveness; tonic; increases appetite; beneficial in jaundice and
-Juzam; also in acne, cracks in the skin, nausea, fevers, and bilious
-disorders. It forms an ingredient in all favorite formulÊ. It has
-been said to be cold. In my opinion it is either, according as it is
-prescribed with other medicines. I have given it in continued fever,
-in the quantity of one direm, cut small and infused in water for
-a night, with great success. The Hindoos give a decoction of it in
-fevers. I have given it in various ways in gonorrhoea, as a tonic,
-an aphrodisiac, &c. Take of Bunslochun and Sut Gillo, each one masha,
-mix and give in intermittents, or with cardamoms. My father used
-it in pills made up with conserve of roses, with great efficacy,
-in fevers of the continued kind; also with the whey of Kasni. Its
-powder is likewise used with tin in gonorrhoea, but I have written
-more of this in my other works. To make refined or Sut Gillo--
-
-Take the Gillo, cut it in small pieces, and squeeze out the juice
-into a vessel, then add plain water, and strongly mix them together,
-let them remain thus for 24 hours, then throw away the clear water,
-and dry the precipitate for use.
-
-755 Gulhar.--"Nymphea Nilambo, Linn. Nilumbium Speciosum, W." The
-flower of the Kawul (Lotus). It is cool, dry, heavy, and astringent,
-and shuts up the chest. The centre of the flower, or yellow
-fructification, is called Kesur, or Kinjeluk; it is cool; induces
-costiveness; useful in bleeding piles; also in disorders of bile and
-mucus. Its seed is usually called Kawulgutta; they are produced in
-the hot season; they are sweet, cool; beneficial in bilious disorders,
-foulness of blood, general heat, and increase mucus and wind. I have
-given them in the diarrhoea of infants, mixed with the water which
-they drank, with great benefit. The green part of the seed bruised in
-water, I have also given to children with great good effect in wind
-and diarrhoea. It is likewise given in eruptions of the mouth. The
-stem of the flower and root are cool and dry; aphrodisiac, astringent,
-and cure disorders of bile, blood, and general heat. The flowers are
-of two kinds: one opens to the sun, and accompanies him round as
-he moves, and shuts its leaves when he disappears; this is white,
-with a red tinge, six-leaved, the yellow centre fructification, in
-the shape of an inverted cone. Its seed is sweet and cool; clears
-the complexion; of use in disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst,
-general heat, Juzam, and blisters. It is an antidote to poisons,
-and beneficial in acne of all kinds.
-
-The other kind has four leaves, of a white color, opens to the moon,
-and accompanies her, in progress, as the other does the sun; but does
-not shut on her disappearance. The red and blue kinds, if they have
-any degree of whiteness, are called Komode or Komoodutti; these names
-are in allusion to their property of flowering by the moon's influence,
-but they are more seldom met with. The blue is called also Neeloofir.
-
-756 Goolkhairoo.--The marsh-mallow, or rather the mallow.
-
-757 Kulumbuk.--A tree of a heavy texture, much veined; it is commonly
-called Mulugeer, but this name is also applied to some kinds of lime.
-
-758 Kooleejan.--"Piper Betel." The best kind is red, thick, and
-full of knots. It is hot and dry in the 2nd degree; it is cardiac;
-cures cholicks, pains in the kidnies; increases the strength of the
-digestive organs, useful in rheumatism of the joints, decreases the
-flow of urine; beneficial in epilepsy, headache; is aphrodisiac; and
-is proper for those having a superabundance of mucus. A little kept
-in the mouth will cure paralysis of the tongue; it clears the voice,
-and in the quantity of one direm with cow's milk taken, fasting, it
-is highly tonic and aphrodisiac. Its corrector is any oily substance
-or Kuteera (a gum).
-
-759 Koolunta.--A kind of Satawur.
-
-760 Keloondha.--A name for the fruit of the Mowa tree.
-
-761 Kulownjee.--A name for Siadana; expels wind and flatulence.
-
-762 Kumode or Komoodutti, a kind of Gulhar. "Rottlera tinctoria."
-
-763 Kumruk.--"Averrhoa Carambola," or Kumruka. A large tree, with many
-pointed leaves, which when full grown are longer than the Singtirra
-leaf, of a green color and soft texture. The fruit is common and
-three-cornered; they are of an acid sweetness, and produced in the
-cold season, and make delicious sherbet; cool, astringent; useful in
-bile and wind, also in disorders of phlegm. From their acidity, the
-fruit are injurious to the tongue. This may be corrected by eating
-them with salt or lime.
-
-764 Gumbhar.--Sweet, hot, heavy, and produces wind; useful in disorders
-of bile, blood, and pains in the bowels, and induces costiveness. Its
-fruit is heavy and tonic; clears the hair of the head; increases
-seminal secretion; cures disorders of bile, wind, hectic fever, thirst,
-and foulness of the blood; is diuretic, and forms an ingredient in
-all famous prescriptions: called also Gumbharie or Gumbheer.
-
-765 Kawul.--"NymphÊa Nelumbo." A name of Gulhar.
-
-766 Kawulguth.--The seed of the Gulhar.
-
-767 Kowla.--A kind of orange, less strong, and of weaker properties
-than the Sangtirra; but in other respects the same; from its acid it
-removes stagnation of bile, and is useful in cough and asthma.
-
-768 Goond.--"Jasminum grandiflorum?" The wild Raibile; the flower cool
-and light; used in disorders of bile and mucus, and in head-aches;
-an antidote to poisons, and communicates its perfume to any article
-from which oil is to be extracted, and gives the oil the quality
-of strengthening the brain, and of being useful in affections from
-cold. In my opinion, the flower is hot, as is also oil impregnated
-with its odour. If it is mixed or rubbed with oil, and used as an
-unguent in itch, it is equally effectual as the Chumbeley.
-
-769 Gunyar.--A flower of India, possessing tonic properties; it
-strengthens the stomach; used in the cure of Juzam, boils, eruptions,
-disorders of the blood, swellings, and in cleansing ulcers.
-
-770 Kunkole.--A seed resembling Peepul, only a little larger;
-it creates appetite; is hot; useful in affections of the heart,
-affections of wind and mucus.
-
-771 Koontukphill.--A name for Lukudj, or Burhael; it is also called
-Kuntukanta, from its being very prickly.
-
-772 Kundurdolie.--The name of a plant, cool, light and astringent;
-useful in heat, feverishness, thirst, disorders of mucus, blood and
-bile, Juzam, and fever. It also softens iron.
-
-773 Koondoorie.--A fruit like the Pulwull, of an oval shape. It is
-acid, grows as a creeper, and used as a culinary vegetable; useful in
-bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and general heat. Is emetic,
-and reduces corpulency. Induces costiveness, flatulence, and wind;
-also aphrodisiac. It is bitter, pungent; removes phlegm, and is an
-antidote to poisons. In my opinion, it is cool and moist, aperient;
-weakens the stomach, promotes absorption by increasing the tone of
-the absorbents, and expedites digestion.
-
-774 Kungni.--P. Kawurs, Sheerazee Kaal. Cool and bitter, dry and
-astringent, yet diuretic; but if boiled in milk, its drying quality
-will be corrected. It is very generally used as food. It increases
-the viscidity of mucus, and promotes a disposition to gravel. Its
-corrector is sugar. It is hurtful to the lungs; but here its corrector
-is Mustaghi. In its general properties, it comes near the Cheena;
-externally applied hot, it removes rheumatic pains. "Panicum Italicum."
-
-775 Gundheel.--A. Azkhir, and some kinds called Mirchiakund. This
-is a common plant, about a yard high; its flowers sweet-scented:
-the properties of all are, I fancy, the same. It is astringent to
-the taste, and bitter during digestion; hot, useful in affections of
-the throat and heart, disorders of bile, blood, mucus, difficulty of
-breathing, cough, and fever.
-
-776 Goondur.--A kind of Loonia, q. v.
-
-777 Kunaer or Kurneer. It is of two kinds, the white called Kurbaer,
-and the red Ruketphup. The plant grows to the height of a man;
-its branches numerous, and growing from near the root; its leaves
-long as the bambu leaf and thicker, green and finely veined. It
-is hot and light; decreases eye-sight, useful in Juzam, boils and
-eruptions, acne, itch; is vermifuge, and may be ranked among the
-poisons. Its flowers kept in the house produce strife. The root and
-its bark is used as an application in cures of deficient aphrodisiac
-power. A. Dufflie. "Nerium Odorum."
-
-778 Koonja.--Vide Goonchee.
-
-779 Kumbeela.--Bitter, laxative, and hot; used in disorders of mucus,
-bile, and blood; is lithontriptic and vermifuge; cures Badgola, dropsy,
-and boils; its green leaves are cool and astringent to the stomach;
-it is called also Kumbeel.
-
-780 Gunduk.--"Live Sulphur." In digestion it is bitter and hot,
-also soft; beneficial in Juzam, affections of the spleen, disorders
-of mucus and wind, and increases bile. It is an ingredient in many
-favorite prescriptions. A. Ribreet. Its aruk is excellent as an
-application in itch, and as a tonic is pungently acid and hurtful
-to the teeth; indeed so very acid is it, that it dissolves shells,
-and is called Tezab; but though acid, it is aphrodisiac.
-
-
-To make Tezab (Sulphuric Acid).
-
-Take a China cup, and make in it three holes, to suspend it (by a wire
-of zinc); place a lamp on a low triangle (tripod), and fill the lamp
-with sulphur; and making several wicks, mix them with the sulphur,
-and set fire to them; place the China cup under the tripod, and the
-aruk will come over into it by drops. Care must be taken to admit no
-wind; when this is lighted the smoke destroys cloth. I have written
-of the properties of this more at large in my other works.
-
-
-The properties of Sulphuric Acid.
-
-It is hot, creates appetite, expels wind, strengthens the stomach,
-loins, and back. It is aphrodisiac, useful in disorders of mucus
-and blood, in paralysis, convulsions, and pains in the stomach, and
-discusses enlargement of the spleen, if taken to the quantity of from
-one to four soorkhs in water. It will cure tooth-ache if applied to the
-hollow of the tooth, but care must be taken that it does not come in
-contact with a sound tooth. It cures all kinds of Psora, whether dry
-or moist, applied by itself or in ointment. Taken internally with oil
-of roses, it loosens phlegm; applied to the white spots of leprosy,
-it will remove them. If nutmegs, cinnamon, and cloves be moistened
-with it, and dried, they will become powerful condiments.
-
-781 Kunoocha.--A name for Mirve.
-
-782 Gundhur.--A name for culinary greens--see Chowlai.
-
-783 Gundhka.--A title of Mudukpurnie; it derives its name from the
-property of preserving the hair.
-
-784 Kunghi.--"Malva Sylvestris.--(The Mallow) vide Goolkhairoo. The
-mallow, emollient and demulcent, AlthÊa officinalis." The name of
-a flower-stem of India, about a man's height, more or less. Its
-leaves are round, smooth, serrated, and pointed. It is of two kinds,
-a small and larger, the leaves large and small accordingly. It has
-a small yellow flower; inside the seed vessel are many divisions,
-in which the seeds are contained. It is very useful in piles.
-
-A man had the bleeding piles to an annoying degree of severity. A
-physician advised him to eat some of the leaves of this, bruised,
-and made up with pepper into pills; he made up large pills or balls,
-and eat them as directed, and was cured in a few days. If the fresh
-leaves are used, they should be mixed with water and drank; if the
-dried leaves are preferred, they should be made into pills. It is
-mucilaginous and demulcent.
-
-785 Gooroochna.--or Gooroochun. A stone, of a yellow color, on
-which grass or moss grows; it is astringent and cool, beneficial in
-possession, and whoever keeps it by them, will escape the influence of
-all evils; it is useful in disorders of blood, and prevents abortion
-by its tonic property in giving strength to the uterus. It is the
-name for Huzerool bukur.
-
-786 Goorcha.--"Menispermum cordifolium, W. Guduchi, S. Citamerdu,
-Van Rheede, H. M. vii. 39. Menispermum Verrucosum, Roxb. MS. Putra
-Waly. Jao. Funis Felleus, Rumph. Amb. v. 82. Sp. ch. perennial,
-scandent, verrucose, leaves cordate, acuminate, entire, smooth, male
-racemes from the naked branches simple, nectareal scales inserted
-in the filaments. Every part of this plant exceedingly bitter;
-used for the cure of intermittents; it is said by Captain Wright,
-to be as powerful a febrifuge as the Peruvian Bark. V. Gillo."
-
-787 Gowrdun.--A name for Koocha, called also Sutpootrie. It is the name
-of the Kooza flower, red with a yellow fructification in the centre. It
-has a fine perfume, and a distilled water is made from it; it is
-a cinquefoil. One kind of it is the Goolseutie, P. Aussureen. This
-is white, but a third kind is also red. All three are cool, light,
-and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the three secretions and of
-blood. It is cardiac, astringent, and improves the complexion. I have
-found the white the most effectual, and have often used its conserve
-and distilled water in lowness of spirits.
-
-788 Gomenduk.--A common stone, resembling in its properties the
-Chanderkanth.
-
-789 Gooma.--A medicine of India; sweet, pungent, hot, dry, heavy,
-aperient; used in disorders of wind, bile, mucus; in jaundice and in
-swellings, and is vermifuge. All this the author of the Dhara Shekoi
-has related. The common Gooma is different.
-
-790 Goww.--A tree common in Cashmere, of a hot quality; used in
-seminal weakness, inflammatory disorders of the nose, effects of
-poison, disorders of mucus, and Juzam. It is vermifuge; its fruit
-increases phlegm, and its gum is heavy, aphrodisiac; beneficial in
-disorders of wind.
-
-791 Kobhee.--"Hieracum, Bruce MS." This is of three kinds, one of
-which is used as food for the parroquet. Its leaf is like that of the
-radish when in an imperfect state. It is cool, light, and astringent;
-used in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood; in seminal weakness,
-cough, boils, eruptions, and fever, and produces wind.
-
-792 Gowrbaghan.--Cool; useful in general heat and disorders of blood.
-
-793 Godoon.--A common grain used by villagers; tonic.
-
-794 Gowruk.--A kind of Lawa.
-
-795 Koonj.--A name for Kulungh. Its meat cures disorders of wind
-and mucus.
-
-796 Koonch.--A medicine of Hindostan. If its seed-vessel be applied
-to the skin, it produces great itching; if it is washed in cow-dung
-and water, this effect will be removed. Its seed is like the bean,
-smooth, and of a purple color; it is hard, and if the end is cut off,
-and it be applied to the part stung by a scorpion, it will remove
-the pain, and cannot be removed till the poison is extracted; and
-when this is accomplished, it falls off itself, and will be found
-from its power of suction to have become much larger. It is sweet,
-increases semen, lengthens aphrodisia, and is useful in diffusion of
-bile in the blood. It is beneficial in old ulcers, and is a favorite
-ingredient in aphrodisiac formulÊ.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kooch is a medicine of India; its seed cold and hot in equilibrium;
-drying, aphrodisiac; strengthens the loins, useful in piles and cough,
-and increases the consistence of semen. If half a direm of the leaves
-be bruised with seven of the long fruit of the peepul in water, and
-given to drink, it will be found powerfully vermifuge. It also clears
-the intestines of all noxious matter. If 10 direms be bruised in 50
-direms of water, and drank for seven days, it will cure Lues Venerea.
-
-The succedaneum is Aotungun. The dose two direms of the seed. It is
-also called Kooncha, vide Kewanch.
-
-797 Kowrie.--"CyprÊa Monita." P. Khirmora. It is sweet and pungent,
-cool and flatulent; used in bile and heat; beneficial in affections
-of the eyes and in blisters. If burnt and introduced into the ear,
-I have found it of use in diseases of that organ. It is excellent
-for cleansing and drying venereal sores.
-
-798 Kawaal.--(The Hog.) Its meat is heating, moist, light, and
-increases semen to a great degree; induces corpulence, creates
-appetite, and is tonic. Its fat is very aphrodisiac as an external
-application; it is also useful as an application to the eyes, as a
-stomachic, preserving health, and producing aphrodisia. Is tonic;
-useful in sprains and disorders of the three secretions. P. Khunzeer.
-
-799 Kowa.--The Crow. P. Zaagh or Kolagh. A. Ghorab. Its properties
-are mentioned in Yunani works in India; it is also called Koral.
-
-800 Kokla.--"Indian Cuckoo." A black bird, which in the commencement
-of the hot weather has a fine and strong note; its flesh creates
-appetite, induces costiveness, and is useful in disorders of wind
-and mucus.
-
-801 Goh.--The Guana. Its flesh is tonic, aphrodisiac, stomachic,
-and used in disorders of bile and wind. A. Zubbub. P. Soosmar.
-
-802 Kowadoorie.--A. Hubbunneel.
-
-803 Gokhroo also Kunthphill; cures difficulty of breathing, cough,
-and suppression of urine. Is lithontriptic; useful in affections of
-the heart and wind.
-
-A. Khussuk. It is of two kinds, a cultivated and wild. Its plant
-is like the melon; its branches spreading widely on the ground. Its
-fruit is hard and triangular, with prickles on its angles; thus it is
-called Gokhroo. P. Kharkhusuk. There is a larger kind called Gokhroo
-Dekanee. In the Dhunterri, it is said to be beneficial in the three
-secretions, to create appetite, beneficial in dysentery and pains of
-the bowels, to increase semen, induce corpulency, to be cool, sweet,
-and aphrodisiac, tonic, useful in seminal weakness, gonorrhoea,
-and pains in the urinary bladder. "Tribulus Lanuginosus."
-
-804 Gowdunta.--A kind of arsenic, of a light red color.
-
-805 Gota.--Sweet, bitter, pungent, hot, light, and aphrodisiac; useful
-in Soorkhbad, acne, cough, Juzam, and disorders of wind and bile.
-
-806 Kookurchundie.--Obtains the name from its being an emetic to dogs.
-
-807 Kookurbangra.--A name for Kukrownda.
-
-808 Goondroo or Goonderuk. A name for Koondur, a gum resembling
-Mastich, but more red; it cures disorders of wind, mucus, and fever;
-restrains perspiration; is aphrodisiac; strengthens memory; gives
-tone to the stomach, urinary bladder, brain.
-
-809 Googul.--Amygris Agalocha (Roxb.) sweet and bitter, hot and
-aperient; increases appetite; increases the bulk of the solids, and
-is aphrodisiac; reunites fractured bones, discusses indurations;
-used in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, boils, eruptions,
-ill-conditioned ulcers, seminal weakness, Juzam, Soorkhbad, debility,
-emaciation, sweating sickness, acne, and swellings. The older
-it is the more effectual. It forms an ingredient in all favorite
-formulÊ. A. Mukul. One kind is called Bhainsia Googul.
-
-810 Goondinie.--A common fruit of Hindostan, of a red color, and fine
-coat, about the size of the Khalsa, or larger, and more oval. It is
-aperient, suppurant, and vermifuge. It is sweet and cool; of use in
-cough and flatulence, but if taken in quantity, produces nausea.
-
-811 Gooha.--A name for Perestpirnie; also the name of an insect like
-the cricket, but larger; it makes much noise in the rains.
-
-812 Goolur.--"Ficus Glomerata." A common fruit; when young, it is
-green, but when ripe, it becomes red, and in this state it is filled
-with small insects; it is said that if eaten without being opened,
-it will be found beneficial for the eyes. It is called cool and dry;
-some say hot and moist: but in my opinion it is cool and moist,
-and decreases bile. My father prescribed it in its unripe state in
-laxities of the bowels, and also in bleeding piles. The physicians of
-India have described it as astringent; it is slow of digestion. The
-bark of the tree is useful in ulcers, and as an external application
-in severe bruises. Water drank after its use, produces pain in
-the bowels. The Goolur eat with barley-meal or sugar, is useful in
-giddiness and heat in the liver. Its milk applied to boils, hasten
-suppuration or resolution.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Goolur is cool and moist; useful in bilious complaints, heat, thirst,
-and running at the nose from heat. The decoction of the bark removes
-poison from wounds inflicted by the claws of the tiger, cat, or other
-animal. The root bruised in water is useful in dysentery, in a dose
-of two direms.
-
-813 Goonma.--"Pharnaceum mollugo." The plant grows in waste and wild
-places, and is very common. It is about a yard high, and grows in the
-rains; it is many-flowered; and when young they are of a red color,
-but become grey when dry, and full of small holes; they are round
-and curled.
-
-814 Koonda.--Koonda, called also Pita. A. Midjdubeh, and in
-P. Puzdubeh. It is a creeper; its leaves like the Gourd leaf, or
-larger; its fruit twice as large as a melon. When unripe, it is
-cooling, and useful in bilious disorders and wind; it increases
-mucus. When ripe, it is sweet and pungent; it is equal in its
-properties; light; creates appetite; assists digestion; useful in
-disorders of the stomach and of the three secretions. The fibres of
-its root, its leaves, and branches, are sweet; beneficial in disorders
-of wind and mucus; are lithontriptic: the soft part of the fruit is
-sweet, removes gravel and other disorders of the urinary bladder;
-cures bilious disorders, and is aphrodisiac. The particular mode
-of administering it, I have described in my other works. It is
-very useful as an aphrodisiac, and for increasing the bulk of the
-solids. Cucurbita Pepo.
-
-Its sherbet is useful in all the disorders above mentioned, also in
-depression of spirits from heat, in mania or disordered imagination;
-increases appetite and evacuates bile.
-
-
-The sherbet is thus prepared:
-
-A piece is cut off from the end of the fruit, and the inside scooped
-out till the hand can be admitted; this is to be filled with fine
-sugar, taking care to preserve all the juice. The divided piece is
-then to be re-applied, the division secured with moistened flour;
-it is then placed in the sun, during the hot season, for four days,
-or in the cold weather for a week. It by this process becomes acid
-like oxymel; the juice is then taken out, strained, and seasoned
-with cardamums, saffron, musk, and cloves, or other articles as may
-be deemed proper, and preserved in bottles for use; the dose is four
-tolahs, but it will not keep good beyond a week.
-
-815 Khaer.--Vide Kut. "Acacia Catechu, Mimosa Catechu. Chadira, S." A
-tree of the jungles, from which Catechu is produced. It is called
-also Cudder. "One of the best applications in ulcers I ever tried, is
-composed of Catechu, Camphor, and white lead, in equal parts."--Trans.
-
-816 Geerehti.--A plant, about a yard high, or less; the largest kind
-is named Geerehta, also Mahabela. Its leaves are larger, as well
-as the tree, than the Geerehtee; but the latter is to be preferred
-as a medicine. It is sweet, cool, moist, and astringent, useful in
-Soorkhbad, disorders of bile, affections of the uterus, and clears
-the complexion.
-
-817 Kherie.--An earth of a white color used in cleaning houses;
-one kind of it is called Goorboghan.
-
-818 Kyrnie.--One kind of it is named Chupuk. It is the fruit of a
-very large tree, of a yellow color, about the size of a date, but
-thicker; both kinds are cool and moist, heavy and tonic; useful in
-thirst, delirium, heaviness of the head, and disorders of all the
-secretions. If the kernel is bruised in water and applied to the
-eyes, it will remove opacities of the cornea--this I know from my
-grand-father's experience.
-
-In my opinion, it is cardiac and stomachic, and gently astringent;
-when ripe it is very generally useful. Some have called it hot in the
-second and dry in the first degree. If eaten when unripe, there is fear
-of its producing cholic. Its corrector is dhaie. The kernel is bitter.
-
-819 Koontanduk.--A kind of Rice, like the Saatee in its properties.
-
-820 Ghora.--P. Asp. The horse; its meat is sweet to the taste, but
-bitter in digestion. It is light, creates appetite, increases bile and
-mucus, beneficial in disorders of wind, and increases aphrodisia. It
-is generally tonic, and strengthens the eyes. I have often eat of it,
-and believe it to be hot and tonic, but it is hurtful to those of hot
-temperament. In some countries, it is used as food, and it was so used
-by Vizier Nawab Kumruddin Khan. I have remarked, that when used in
-this country as food by the natives of other countries, it produces
-a fermentation in the blood, and consequent eruptions in the mouth
-and tongue. Its properties are particularly noticed in Yunani works,
-and I have conversed with many who considered the milk of the mare
-excellent as a stomachic and aphrodisiac.
-
-821 Khutmul.--P. Saas. A. Fusafush. It is bred in beds or other
-furniture. Its smell is very useful in epilepsy; bruised in water
-and used as an injection into the urethra, it will be found useful
-in suppression of urine.
-
-822 Kujoor.--Phoenix dactylifera or Phoenix Silvestris or
-Khurjoor. A. Kittub. It has many fruits, even to the number of many
-hundreds: in its properties it is very similar to the Pind-Kajoor.
-
-823 Khaperia.--A. Tooti. P. Sungbusseri. It is useful in affections of
-the eyes and eye sight. Its powder beneficial for cleaning and healing
-ulcers. Its ointment I have noticed in my other publications. I have
-known a person who used it commonly as a tonic to the stomach, and for
-correcting laxities of the bowels. It is also used in Indian Recipes,
-but I have never seen that any physician of celebrity recommended
-its use.
-
-824 Keera or Kheera. One kind of this is bitter, but both are
-cool and dry, diuretic, and aperient; useful in disorders of bile,
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in suppression of urine. The ripe fruit
-is sweet and little astringent. The Balum-kheera is a kind of this,
-but of less efficacy. The large kind, from its efficacy and scarcity,
-was usually sent to the emperor by the Marwar Rajah. It is highly
-spoken of for the cure of Remittent Fever.
-
-825 Khand.--Heavy, creating appetite, tonic, aperient; useful in
-thirst, general heat, delirium, disorders of bile and wind; but if
-eaten to excess it produces bile.
-
-826 Khylakhylie.--A name for Silleekha. Its rind is hard and thick,
-and of a round shape; it is of a reddish clay color. It is the bark
-of a tree; some say it is not the Silleekha, but that it nearly
-resembles it. It forms an ingredient in formulÊ for strengthening
-the loins and kidnies. It dries up the vagina, and is used by women
-in the cold season as an ingredient in Peendie.
-
-827 Ghekwaar or Ghwar. "Aloe Perfoliata, W. Ghrita Cumari and Taruni,
-S. Elwa (the gum), H. Musebber, A. Suc d'Aloes (the gum), F. Glausinde
-Aloe, G. Aloe, I. Aloe, Sp." It is the Sibr plant, and is in height
-about a yard, becoming small towards the top; it is full of juice of
-an offensive smell; it (the leaf) is serrated on the edges, and is of a
-green color. It is bitter, cool, and aperient, useful in affections of
-the spleen and liver, disorders of mucus, bile, blood, fever, blisters,
-and hardness of the skin; and slightly increases bile. If rubbed with
-water on the hands, fire may be held with impunity. Its juice is well
-known as a medicine, mixed with anise seed; it is excellent in pains
-of the bowels. I have written more of its virtues in my other works,
-and the prescription there mentioned is excellent in all disorders
-from cold. The pulp of the leaf with alum and opium is excellent in
-ophthalmia; its juice dropt into the eye.
-
-828 Goongchee.--"Abrus Precatorius. Gooncha, H. Gunja, S. The
-seed called Retti, H. Rectica, S. The root of the plant coincides
-very exactly in appearance, taste, and medicinal qualities with the
-liquorice root, and is sold for it in the bazar; vide Glycine Abrus,
-Linn, Flem."
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Goongchee, called also Retti, is hot and dry; its dose one direm. In
-the opinion of the people of India, it is cool and dry in the third
-degree. It is emetic, and violently purgative, and is considered a
-poison. If the Goongchee is reduced to a coarse powder, moistened
-with water, and bruised and fried in sweet oil, till it is dissolved;
-this oil applied in the morning to the head, and washed off at night,
-and this repeated for 21 days, it will greatly increase the growth
-of the hair; its leaves and branches thus prepared have the same effect
-
-If the Red Goongcha, having its bark peeled off, be coarse pounded
-to the quantity of eight ounces, and boiled in eight pounds of cow's
-milk, till only three pounds remain, then coagulated, and its butter
-extracted; the butter will reproduce hair on any parts which may have
-been deprived of it by venereal or other disease, and the effect will
-take place by its continuance for a fortnight. The white Goonchee,
-in the quantity of two direms, given internally for three days,
-with sugar, to a woman, will render her barren.
-
-829 Khelowrie.--The name for the composition of certain pills, about
-the size of Peepul seed, sold covered with silver leaf; they are highly
-scented, and improve the smell of the mouth; they enliven the spirits
-and strengthen the stomach. They are made of Kuth in this manner:
-
-The Catechu is first mixed well with water, and the precipitate
-taken for use. This is boiled in cow's milk, or sometimes in the
-above-mentioned water; then Musk Amber and Rose-water are added,
-or the distilled water of Keora, and from this the pills are formed.
-
-830 Khull.--A name for Kus'boosum seem; the refuse of Till. It is
-heavy and flatulent, weakens eye-sight; is aphrodisiac; and is used
-as a soap to remove grease from the hands.
-
-831 Khopra.--A name for Narzeel. Its properties mentioned in Yunani
-works.
-
-832 Khewumberie.--The wild fig; useful in white leprosy. All
-Indian physicians use the root in this disease, both internally and
-externally; some have called it hot, others cold; it is likewise
-named Kewumber.
-
-833 Khesoo.--A root; the leaf of its tree resembles a tiger's
-claws. Its flower is yellow; the tree large and common all over the
-jungles, and becomes of a red color like fire.
-
-834 Khynth.--A tree of India; its fruit acid like the apple when
-unripe; it is light; cures thirst, hiccup, disorders of wind and
-bile. It clears the throat; is difficult of digestion, and strengthens
-the stomach, and is lithontriptic; beneficial in fulness of the head,
-and is cool and dry in the second degree.
-
-835 Gheyd.--A kind of Vulture. Its flesh is beneficial in disorders of
-the eyes; it is a bird of prey; hot and dry: it is of a black color,
-though some have described it as grey. The Baaz and Joorra are used
-in hawking. A. Okab, P. Aal.
-
-836 Kinchua.--A name of Kherrateen. The earth-worm. It is used in
-oil and fomentation as an aphrodisiac, and for this purpose the most
-powerful is the Lumbricus discharged from the human subject.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-It is said, that if the Kinchua be dried and mixed with dhaie, it will
-contract the vagina. If it be mixed with sweet oil, and boiled, and
-in this Zaftroomie (pitch) be dissolved, and the mixture externally
-applied, it will increase the size of the male organ. From the worm a
-kind of copper is procured, which is called in India Paak Tamba. If
-put in the mouth it has this effect, that the taste of the neeb, or
-pungency of chunam will not be perceptible. It is an antidote to all
-animal as well as vegetable poisons, and hydrophobia; useful in want
-of power in the digestive organs and pains in the bowels. Its powder
-is useful in the Soorkhbad, and kept in the mouth, prevents thirst;
-and if kept about the person a snake will not approach or bite. Thus
-prepared:--The fresh worms are taken and put into a copper vessel,
-over them is poured lime juice, and the vessel well luted, is placed
-on the fire; when well boiled, the medicine will be found adhering
-to the top and sides of the vessel.
-
-
-Another mode.
-
-Take of white lead and borax, each eight direms; turmeric and
-bullock's bile, each four direms; worms and honey, each 24 direms;
-mix and fry the whole in cow's ghee, and when fried, make the mass
-into balls. Place these balls in an earthen vessel on the fire, and
-by means of bellows increase the heat, and keep it so, for some time;
-and when taken off the fire, the Paak Tamba will be found in small
-grains at the bottom.
-
-837 Gyndha.--Rhinoceros. A four-footed beast, larger than the
-buffaloe. Its skin black and indented; it is very hard, and used for
-making shields, which are held in great estimation. It has a horn
-near its nose. Its flesh is used in disorders of wind, and decreases
-urine and fÊces. The smoke of the horn while burning is excellent in
-the cure of piles, and for producing easy labour; drinking water from
-a cup made of the horn will also cure the piles. P. Kurguddun.
-
-838 Kenkra.--Its flesh is cool, and strengthens the seven component
-parts of the body; is aphrodisiac, and remedies profuse discharge of
-the menses. "The Crab."
-
-839 Kesur or Kunkum. Saffron. It is pungent and hot; exhilirates
-the spirit; useful in hiccup and in affections of the skin from a
-taint in the blood; it is beneficial in head-ache; allays vomiting;
-is vermifuge; cures boils and disorders of the three secretions,
-and cleans the complexion. P. Zaffraan.
-
-840 Kyte.--When unripe, it is light; induces costiveness; used in
-disorders of the three secretions. When ripe, it becomes of a bitterish
-sweet, and is useful in dropsy, eruptions of the mouth, and in wind. It
-is heavy, clears the throat, is slow of digestion, and allays thirst.
-
-841 Kytiputtrie.--Its leaves resemble the Kyte; it is hot and pungent;
-used in disorders from poison, phlegm in the throat, and seminal
-weakness.
-
-842 Kyloot.--Cool, astringent; useful in eruptions of the mouth,
-in mucus, and flatulent disorders.
-
-843 Keora.--Pandanus Odoratissimus, (Roxb.) It is like the Ketki,
-but it is twice as large; its leaves are prickly, and about the
-same thickness throughout. It is in fact like a head of Indian
-corn before its leaves recede. It has a very powerful, penetrating,
-diffusible scent, more perceptible at a distance than when close;
-and after it is dried the smell remains. If it is put amongst linen,
-the smell will adhere to it for a length of time. The plant is about
-12 feet high; its leaves resemble the Juwar, and are long and trefoil,
-with prickles upon all of them; it flowers when four years old. Earth
-is thrown up round the roots every year. In the Deccan and in Behar,
-it is very common. A distilled water is made from its flowers, which
-is cardiac and stomachic.
-
-844 Kethki.--Also Pandanus Odoratissimus, for it is a kind of
-Keora. The Sirrunkethkie is also a species of this.
-
-845 Kewanch.--Sweet, hot, heavy, and aphrodisiac; produces an increased
-secretion of semen. Its seed is useful in disorders of wind, and is
-also aphrodisiac. It is a name for Kabeakudje, and that is a species of
-Curruf's junglee. It is also a name for Dolichos Pruriens or Cow-itch.
-
-846 Kela.--Musa Paradisiaca. The Plantain or Banana. The tree is
-straight, about the height of a spear. Its leaves, when young,
-come out in the form of a round ruler, and are soft as satin,
-and much resembling it, with cross marks resembling the plaits of
-cloth. The leaf when expanded is very long and broad. Its flower is
-a hard substance, of a pyramidal shape, and covered with leaves of a
-dark-red color. Every tree which has flowered bears 70 or 80 plantains,
-formed in distinct rows round a centre stem, and the tree bears only
-once. And the fruit ripe, the tree must be cut down, to leave room
-for others to spring up from the same root. There are many kinds of
-this fruit. The best kind is small, and called Imrutbean; and the
-people of India have said that the camphor is produced from it: but
-those who say so are ignorant, the camphor tree is very different. Its
-root is tonic; beneficial in disorders of bile, blood, and mucus, and
-in gonorrhoea; but it weakens aphrodisia. The fruit is sweet, cool,
-moist, and heavy; increases flatulence and mucus; useful in disorders
-of bile, blood, wind, and heat of the chest. A. Mooz. The natives of
-India dress the unripe fruit with meat, or even dress it alone; and
-the Hindoos dress the heart of the branches for food. This I have
-found very effectual as an aphrodisiac and for increasing semen,
-and as a tonic to the brain. It weakens the stomach, and is heavy;
-its corrector is cardamum seed. The Yunani physicians say, that its
-correctors are honey, gum, and ginger.
-
-847 Keetkarode.--A name for Baraicund.
-
-848 Keekur or Babool. "Acacia Arabica, W. Babool, H. Barbura,
-S. Babool ka Goond (the gum), H. The bark, like that of most of
-the Acacias, is a powerful astringent, and is used as a substitute
-for Oak bark in tanning by leather-manufacturers in India. Gomme
-Arabique, F. Arabischen Gummi, G. Gomma Arabica, I. Vullam pisin,
-Tam." A common prickly tree of the jungles; its leaves very numerous
-and small; it is of two kinds, a large and a small. The young trees
-have very numerous prickles, the old trees have fewer; its bark kept
-in the mouth relieves cough. Its leaves heated and applied to the eye
-removes heat and inflammation; both kinds are astringent, hot, and
-pungent, useful in cough, mucus, and diseases proceeding from mucus;
-restrain laxatives of the bowels, and are useful in piles. The young
-leaves infused for a night in water, in the morning bruised in the
-water, and this drank, will be found very useful in gonorrhoea and
-itchiness of the bladder.
-
-849 Keet or Keetie. The refuse or scoriÊ of iron; it is sweet, pungent,
-and hot; beneficial in wind, worms, cholicks, seminal weakness,
-and swellings.
-
-850 Gehoon.--A name for Gundum. A. Hinta. It is oleaginous and slow
-of digestion; facilitates the junction of fractured bones. Is soft,
-tonic, useful in mucus, and increases semen. Its oil is beneficial in
-Daad and swellings from vitiated bile. The oil is thus made:--White
-Gehoon is moistened for a night in water, and in the morning the oil
-is extracted.
-
-851 Geroo.--It is sweet, astringent, and cool; useful in ulcers;
-clears the skin; beneficial in piles, heat, and incipient phlegmon. It
-resembles the Gilermonie, and is often substituted for it.
-
-852 Laak.--Common lac is a kind of wax, formed by the Coccus Lacca:
-cool, moist; clears the color of the skin; is aphrodisiac; useful
-in disorders of mucus, blood, bile; and is vermifuge. It also cures
-boils, eruptions, acne, bruises, and Juzam, and removes possession
-by evil spirits. I have found it to be very aphrodisiac.
-
-This is the gum of the Baer tree. There is one kind of Seed Lac,
-which when melted becomes like this.
-
-853 Lahi.--A name for Ulsee.
-
-854 Langullie.--The name of a shrub, pungent and hot; useful in
-disorders of wind, mucus, and ulcers, also in affections of the
-stomach and bowels; is laxative.
-
-855 Lubhera.--Hot; antidote to poison; useful in blisters, boils,
-acne, and Juzam; strengthens the hair of the head; is aphrodisiac;
-useful in disorders of wind, blood, and in hectic fever.
-
-856 Lublie or Lolie. A high tree with very numerous leaves and
-branches; the leaves are smooth and shining, and when rubbed, have
-a sweet smell: they are of a yellowish color. Its bark is soft
-and flexible; the fruit like the Malkungnie, but of a dark-purple
-color. The properties of the fruit are, that it cures disorders
-of blood, and piles, superabundance of wind, and eruptions of the
-mouth. It is light, and the kernel of the seed is of the same nature.
-
-857 Lutoobrie.--Called also Soonitjhal. The plant is about half a yard
-in height, it grows in the hot weather on the banks of the rivers or
-near water; brought in contact with the skin, it produces itching
-and pimples. The Hindoos use it as pickles by cutting the branches
-in pieces, infusing them in water for several days till they become
-sour. It is hot, and its juice very useful in ringworm. It in the
-first place causes a great discharge of water from the parts, and
-then heals them up. If it is bruised and applied for three days to
-parts void of sensation, it will produce blisters, and the water being
-discharged, and common ointment applied to the parts, the cure will
-be found complete. It dissipates wind. The leaves resemble Tirriteruk;
-the flower is yellow like the Baboona.
-
-858 Lydoaloo.--"Mimosa Natans." Bitter, astringent, and cool; used in
-the cure of disorders of mucus and bile, eruptions from diffusion of
-bile, pains or inflammation in the female parts of generation, and
-restrains diarrhoea. It is sensitive, and contracts to the touch. I
-have seen the plants, and noticed that the leaves resembled those of
-the tamarind, but are smaller. Its branches small, with very minute
-prickles. It is said that it grows to a yard in height, and that it
-is so very sensitive that it contracts if a shadow passes over it.
-
-859 Lichmuna.--The female called Lichmunie. It is cool, aperient,
-and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind, bile and mucus. It is
-the name of the Nuffaa, also called the small Kuthui.
-
-860 Lichmiphill.--A name for Bele.
-
-861 Lichkutch.--A name for Burhel, also called Lukitch.
-
-862 Lukmunia and Lukmunie. Names for Litchmuna. In A. called Beroogus
-sunum. P. Mirdumgeea.
-
-863 Loodh'phup.--Sweet, cool, moist, and light; tonic, astringent,
-and diuretic; relieves disorders of bile, and slightly increases
-mucus and wind.
-
-864 Lodh.--"Simplocus Racemosa." A kind of this is white. I have
-not seen the tree; the bark is brought from the hills; thick, and
-of a white color; both kinds are astringent, cool, and aperient;
-strengthens the eyes; beneficial in disorders of mucus, blood, and
-swellings; useful in vomiting of blood, and is laxative. Its flower
-is sweet, bitter, and astringent; of use in affections of the eyes and
-mucus; increases the consistence of semen, and is an ingredient in all
-aphrodisiac formulÊ. The particular manner of its administration I have
-given in my other publications. The Lodh Pytanee is a kind of this.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Lodh is of two kinds, one from Guzeerat, of a reddish clear color,
-the other from the hills of Hindustan, of a dirty greenish hue, and
-underneath reddish. The latter is used by the dyers, and the former
-in medicine. It is beneficial in disorders of the eyes; it is cool,
-dry, and astringent; restrains vomiting of blood; generally styptic,
-and as a cold application, removes pain of the eye. Dose one miskal.
-
-865 Lawa.--"Perdix Chinensis." A bird smaller than the partridge;
-of this the people of India have enumerated four kinds--Bansal,
-Goruk, Goonderuck, and Durber. The meat of three of them is cool,
-moist, cardiac, astringent, and stomachic. The first kind is hot,
-increases mucus, and beneficial in disorders of wind. The second kind
-is useful in mucous disorders. The third kind is light; its properties
-in equilibrium; useful as food for the debilitated.
-
-866 Loonia.--"Portulaca oleracea." Culinary greens; another kind
-is called Koonder. Both are saltish to the taste, and sweet during
-digestion; cool and dry, heavy and aperient; increase wind and
-flatulent swellings of the abdomen, also bile and mucus. The other
-kind is understood to be hot; useful in difficulty of breathing,
-disorders of mucus, and increases flatulence.
-
-867 Loha.--Ferrum, Iron. Ayas, S. Sweet and astringent, cool and
-aphrodisiac, aperient and heavy; useful in disorders of mucus and
-bile, and in swellings; it produces wind. Its scoriÊ are called
-Rubusool hudeed; it is given both in powder and pills: the method of
-its preparation I have given in my other works. I have given iron in
-piles from cold, also for strengthening the stomach, for lengthening
-aphrodisia, and generally as an aphrodisiac. I have also exhibited it
-with success in dropsy. It is commonly used by physicians in India,
-but my advice is to have as little to do with it as possible.
-
-868 Long.--"Caryophillus Aromaticus." A. Kurnphul. Its properties
-are particularized in Yunani works. If it be introduced into an
-apple, and the apple left to dry, then taken out, I have found it
-an excellent tonic to the stomach, possessing a cardiac property,
-useful in vomiting, and aiding digestion. The apple also will have
-become possessed of the same qualities.
-
-869 Lobaan.--"Libanus Thurifera, Coll. Boswellia, Roxb. Olibanum,
-Frankincense. Encens, F. Styrax Benzoin, Murr. Resin of Boswellia
-serrata, Roxb." The vizier of Ackber Shah has written, that this is a
-gum brought from beyond sea. It has a fine and penetrating smell when
-burnt; some call it Meeayabisa. It is very plentiful in this country.
-
-It would seem to be hot in the 2nd degree. In the refined state,
-it is most powerful, and very little of it will be sufficient.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Loban is called in P. Hussunluba. The people of India know it as a gum;
-its color is red, and mixed with pieces of white and black as large
-as a cowrie. It is hot in the 2nd degree and dry in the 1st. Its
-internal use is tonic to the stomach and brain; it discusses wind,
-removes phlegm, and is useful for removing running at the nose. In
-those of a hot temperament it removes head-ache. Its corrector is oil
-of the Banufsha or Khushkhash. Its succedaneum Ladun and Mastichi
-in equal parts. The dose is from half direm to two direms. What is
-called in India Sut Loban is white, clear, and shining, like Talc,
-and is much used in mucous disorders and in paralysis. It is also
-beneficial in bad breath. It is stomachic, aphrodisiac, and assists
-digestion. The dose two soorkhs in Paan. The expressed oil, applied
-to the penis, is aphrodisiac, and also useful in disorders of mucus.
-
-870 Loni.--P. Neemuk, q. v.
-
-871 Lolie.--A name for Lublie.
-
-872 Lomrie.--The Fox. A name for the Sheghal or Sial.
-
-873 Longmushk.--The name of a flower; its shrub about two yards in
-height, but of great diameter. It is white, sweet-smelling, hot,
-cardiac, and strengthens the brain.
-
-874 Lobeia.--"Dolichos Sinensis." A common culinary grain; hot and
-dry; creates flatulence; is diuretic, and increases the menstrual
-flux. It has also the effect of producing very unpleasant dreams.
-
-The red Lobeia procures the expulsion of the dead foetus ex
-utero, and if ate with cow's ghee, it strengthens the digestive
-organs. A. Dizzer. P. Bakla.
-
-875 Lahsun.--"Allium Sativum, W. Lasuna, S. Ail, F. Knoblauch,
-G. Aglio, I. Ajo Sativo, S." Hot and moist; heavy, aperient,
-aphrodisiac; promotes digestion, and is useful externally in sprains
-and hurts; increases the hair and knowledge, also bile and blood;
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing, cough,
-Badgola, intermittent fever, swellings, piles, Juzam, and seminal
-weakness. It is vermifuge, tonic, and cures loss of appetite. It is
-an ingredient in all favorite prescriptions.
-
-Its sherbet I have used with much effect in cases of paralysis. One
-kind of Lahsun is called Agbooptah. A. Mowseer. As a tonic, this is
-to be preferred, and its pickles are held in great estimation.
-
-876 Lasora.--"Sobestens Cordia Myxa, W. A. Sepista." Its leaves bruised
-and applied to ill-conditioned ulcers, will cure them in 10 days.
-
-877 Lahusoonia.--A kind of Dedawrie. A. Aynulhur. See
-Vidoorie.
-
-878 Malkungnie.--"Ceanothus Americanus? Celastrus." A seed resembling
-Anbus saleb, but smaller and variegated; its upper rind is green,
-inside which is red, and withinside this is found the seed fine long
-and of a reddish color; it is bitter and pungent, hot and aperient;
-useful in affections of wind and mucus, difficulty of breathing, and
-cough. It increases understanding and memory. In India, those who try
-its effects use it in many ways. One method is to eat one seed the
-first day, two the 2nd, and so on, increasing by one till 40 seeds
-are eaten in a day, then decrease in the same proportion. Some use
-it this way for only eight days, after which they continue to take
-this quantity without increase, and during its use, they abstain
-from all acids, sour milk, radishes, Till, limes, mustard, and other
-articles of this nature; during this time also, they separate beds
-from their wives.
-
-It increases the tone of the vessels; preserves health and strength.
-
-The Hindoos enumerate many virtues of which the drug is possessed. It
-is understood to be hot in the 1st degree, and dry in the 3rd. It is
-a favorite ingredient in fomentations, unguents, and prescriptions
-for aphrodisia and paralysis. It is in very general use.
-
-879 Madhooie.--A flower of India; cool and light, and useful in
-disorders of the three secretions.
-
-880 Mansrowhnee.--A purgative medicine, useful in disorders of wind,
-bile, and mucus, and is aphrodisiac.
-
-881 Maak.--Phaseolus Max. A name for Aorde, called also Maash; it is
-sweet during digestion; hot, heavy and aphrodisiac; used in disorders
-of wind; is tonic; a preservative to health, increases semen, milk,
-and fat; also mucus and bile; clears the urinary secretion; beneficial
-in piles, paralysis, affections of the liver, difficulty of breathing,
-and Badgola; said to be useful in cholic, but as to the three latter,
-I am not so certain about them, and suspect it might prove more likely
-to increase them.
-
-882 Maad.--The water in which rice has been boiled, and in which the
-rice has become decomposed; it is cool, astringent; creates appetite;
-expels wind, mucus and bile; softens the muscles, and is beneficial
-in bilious or mucous fevers.
-
-883 Maien.--Acid, astringent, cool, and light; contracts the vagina;
-useful in dysentery, disorders of bile, blood, and mucus; also
-affections of the throat. A. Kuzmazidge. P. Kurmar.
-
-884 Maachik.--A name for honey of a reddish color; it is sweet, cool,
-dry, and light; reduces corpulency, strengthens vision, increases
-understanding, and beneficial in seminal weakness. The fresh kind
-is moist and aperient; that which is old is dry, and if heated is
-hurtful. I mean that which has been fermented, and that produced in
-hot climates.
-
-885 Majoophill or Maijphill. A. Affix. "Alleppo Galls, Quercus Cerris,
-Quercus Robur." It is hot and astringent; useful in wind; blackens
-the hair, and contracts the vagina.
-
-886 Maankund.--A name for Istolekund.
-
-887 Malook.--A name for Palook.
-
-888 Mahesingie.--The author of the Dhara Shekoi has called this the
-water-scorpion; see Beechoo.
-
-889 Maat.--The name of a culinary green, used as food. If the root of
-this plant be cleared of the bark, and 100 tolahs of this be boiled
-in 100 tolahs of milk, and as much fine honey, over a gentle fire,
-taken out and put in a vessel for use, it will be found highly useful
-in reproducing the secretion of milk in the breast of a woman, and
-is thus used: The woman is to anoint her body with sweet oil, then
-bathe in warm water, after which a little of this to be ate, and care
-taken that no wind obtain admission to the place where she sleeps;
-this done for 14 days, milk will be produced in great abundance.
-
-890 Maashpurnie.--Obtains its name from its leaves resembling Maash;
-it is called also Makonie; it is cool, dry, sweet, and pungent to
-the taste. Increases semen and mucus; useful in fever, eruptions of
-the mouth, dryness of the fauces, disorders of blood, and costiveness.
-
-891 Muttur.--"Pisum Sativum. P. Kusshuba." Hot, heavy, and aperient;
-increases wind, bile, and blood; is diuretic, and increases secretion
-of milk; useful in external swellings and disorders of mucus, weakens
-eye-sight and decreases semen. One kind is called Betla, and another is
-very small; both of these are sweet to the taste; in digestion cool,
-light, and astringent; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and bile,
-and it is the best food for cows.
-
-892 Muttreegurba.--The eggs of fish. Moist, heavy, and aphrodisiac;
-tonic; induces corpulency, increases mucus and the bulk of the solids;
-brings on heaviness of the spirits and indolence, and cures seminal
-weakness.
-
-893 Muchechi.--Cool and astringent; useful in Juzam, disorders of
-bile and blood, and is vermifuge.
-
-894 Mucheli.--Hot, moist, heavy, aphrodisiac, and tonic; increases
-phlegm and bile; beneficial in the seven dhats, and useful in disorders
-of wind.
-
-The river fish is the best, and most powerful as an aphrodisiac,
-and tonic. The tank fish are cool, heavy, moist, and aphrodisiac,
-also diuretic. Well fish are aphrodisiac and diuretic, increase mucus,
-cause disorders of the bowels and Juzam, and are flatulent. The fish
-of jheels, or large pieces of water, have the same properties as
-the tank fish; and those of small pools or puddles are sweet, moist,
-tonic, and useful, and cure disorders of wind. Salt-water fish produce
-bile in a slight degree, and are heavy. All fish induce costiveness
-and decrease the strength of the eyes, and the clearer the water,
-the more beneficial and more powerful are the properties of the
-fish. It will be prudent not to use well fish in cold weather. One
-kind of fish is very small, and named Pothee, q. v.
-
-895 Mujeeth.--'Rubia Munjith, Roxb. MS. Sp. ch. pentandrous,
-perennial, scandent, branches with four hisped angles, leaves quatern,
-long-petioled, cordate, acuminate, 5-7-nerved, hisped.' "Madder: given
-in the quantity of one pice weight in milk, several times repeated,
-its effects are very powerful; it affects the whole nervous system,
-produces profuse sweating, temporary delirium, mental agony and tears,
-with an evident determination to the uterine system."--Trans.
-
-A root of a red color, used by the dyers. It is an emmenagogue, and
-its taste is sweet, bitter, astringent; hot and heavy; clears the
-voice and complexion; useful in disorders from poison, mucus, blood,
-swellings, ophthalmia, itchiness of the liver, pains, in the female
-parts of generation; Juzam, eruptions, acne, boils, seminal weakness,
-and dysentery. Its green leaves are sweet to the taste, moist, and
-create appetite, and beneficial in bilious disorders. A. Foo. H. Aal,
-q. v.
-
-896 Moojkund.--A small plant; pungent, bitter; useful in mucous
-disorders, cough, and itch. It is very common in hilly countries.
-
-897 Mudhraa.--A name for Kakoli, from its sweet taste so called.
-
-898 Muddenphill.--A name for Mynphill.
-
-899 Mudden.--A name for Moom.
-
-900 Mudh.--Honey.
-
-901 Moodukpurnie or Rakanie. Cool; beneficial in cough, wind,
-blood, bilious heat, fever, semen, and eye-sight; it is also
-called Maagpurnie. It is called Mudukpurnie, from its leaf so nearly
-resembling that of the Moong; Muduk being a name for Moong, and purn,
-a leaf.
-
-902 Mudhoolka.--A kind of grain; its properties the same as the
-Muckund.
-
-903 Mudhkurkuttie.--A kind of rice; sweet, cool, and heavy; increases
-blood and causes eruptions in the mouth.
-
-904 Moorhurrie.--Sweet and bitter, heavy and aperient; cures disorders
-of bile, blood, mucus, wind, thirst, affections of the heart, itch,
-Juzam, and fever.
-
-905 Moora.--A leaf resembling the Mendhi, brought from Lahore;
-cool and light; cures possession from evil spirits; is vermifuge,
-and useful in disorders of bile, wind, and blood; also in Juzam.
-
-906 Merg.--P. Ahoo. Its flesh is sweeter than of any other animal;
-a little acid and saltish; bitter, pungent, and astringent; it is
-cool and light, flatulent; creates appetite; useful in disorders of
-all the secretions; is tonic, cardiac, beneficial in fever, and is
-an excellent medicated food.
-
-907 Murua.--Some say this is hot and light in the 3rd degree, and some
-that it is in equilibrio; it loosens mucus from the head, and dispels
-wind. If boiled in vinegar, and used as an external application to the
-head, it will remove obstructions that produce head-ache. Prepared
-in this way, it also removes swellings or eruptions caused by heat
-or irritating applications. It is cardiac and stomachic, discusses
-collections of bile, removes the effects of any animal poison, Juzam,
-and disorders of mucus and wind. Is vermifuge. A. Isoomulphar.
-
-908 Moorhuttee or Mudhserda. Cool, heavy, tonic, and aperient; allays
-thirst and nausea, and relieves disorders of bile. A. Isilloosoos;
-it is the Baboonie.
-
-909 Merch.--"Piper Nigrum, W. Maricha, San. Poivre, F." Pungent,
-penetrating, stimulant, carminative; hot and dry; useful in disorders
-of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing, and internal itchiness;
-is vermifuge; expels bile, and assists digestion.
-
-910 Merchai.--A name for Hubboneel; hot, dry, and laxative; removes
-viscid bile, also mucus and worms.
-
-911 Mursa.--"Amaranthus oleraceus. A potherb." An esculent,
-succulent vegetable, which when boiled with salt and butter is sweet,
-high-flavored, and aperient.
-
-912 Mernal.--The stem of the Kawul flower.
-
-913 Murorphillie.--"Helieteres Isora." A medicine of
-India. P. Kistburkisht (Sheeraree Pechuc); a long twisted shrub,
-having a single flower, of a purple color; its leaves resemble the
-scorpion's tail; hot and dry in the 2nd degree; some call it hot
-in the 1st and dry in the 2nd degree. It assists digestion, and
-clears the skin; removes thickened and viscid mucus, and forms an
-ingredient in all children's medicines. As an external application,
-it is useful in swellings from cold, in itch or daad, expels wind,
-and decreases milk or semen; its corrector is Hubbeh senobir; its
-succedaneum thrice its weight of Sibr (aloes). Dose one direm.
-
-914 Missie.--A shrub of India, about a yard high; its branches thin
-and its leaves like the Kussowndie: its branches are knotted, and when
-slit open, an insect is found in them, which is given to the Boolbul,
-when training them to fight. Its flower is very small, of a reddish
-yellow, like the Gowzeban; it is also called the Kakjunga, q. v.
-
-915 Musoor.--P. Adiess. A common grain of the pea tribe; cool, light,
-and astringent; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, and
-is sweet during digestion.
-
-916 Mustchagundka.--A kind of sugar, useful in eruptions from diffused
-bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.
-
-917 Mukoond.--Sweet to the taste; bitter in digestion; hot and dry;
-light; decreases corpulence; induces costiveness and wind; it is a
-kind of grain.
-
-918 Muggur.--A. Tumsa. (The Alligator.) Its flesh is greasy and heavy;
-used in disorders of wind, and increases mucus and semen.
-
-919 Muko.--A name for Anbus saleb. P. Sugangoor. Very beneficial in
-swellings. Its juice is useful in increasing the eyesight, and for
-restraining the menstrual flux; cool and moist.
-
-920 Mug Peepul.--A kind of Peepul.
-
-921 Moogta Sukut.--A name for the shell of the pearl-oyster; it is
-sweet and pungent, used in mucous disorders, difficulty of breathing,
-pains of the chest and bowels, and loss of appetite.
-
-922 Moogtaphill.--A name for the pearl.
-
-923 Mukhara.--Commonly called Mukhana, Euryale ferox. It is cool and
-heavy, useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood; is aphrodisiac,
-and increases semen; and is found very beneficial to women after
-labor. It is often called Talmukhana, but it is quite a different
-medicine.
-
-924 Mullagheer.--The name of a tree, the wood of which is very heavy,
-and full of veins. It is brought from a distance; when pounded,
-it is of a reddish black color, has fine smell, and is used in
-India for dying and for giving a pleasant odour to clothes. It is
-cardiac, strengthens the brain, and gives a pleasant effluvia to the
-perspiration; cures discolorations of the skin of the face, and in
-some Indian works is called a species of Sandal. Its properties are
-the same with Rukutchunden.
-
-925 Mulleka.--A kind of the flower of the Rai-bele: it is hot, light,
-aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind, eruptions of the mouth, and
-all affections thereof.
-
-926 Mulleen.--A root of India, of a clay color; hot, dry, and pungent;
-if bruised and applied to the head, it kills vermin; it destroys
-maggots in ulcers; the leaves possess the same property. I knew a
-man who had severe head-aches from maggots in the brain: I squeezed
-the juice of this into the nose, it killed and brought them away.
-
-927 Moondie.--A. Raderyoos. "Spheranthus Indicus." It is also called
-Tuppodenie, so denominated from its being used in penance; if any one
-preserves a constant respect for this, he will become the peculiar
-favorite of Heaven. It is also called Srawanie; this name is derived
-from the circumstance of its bearing fruit in the month Srawun. The
-leaf is somewhat like the mint, the flower round or globulated, and
-of a rose-color; it has a sweet smell, and is a medicine of great
-virtue. It is sweet and a little bitter, but very much so during
-digestion; it is hot, light; increases understanding; is vermifuge;
-useful in boils and eruptions of an obstinate nature; is pungent; cures
-pains in the parts of generation of the female, marasmus, gonorrhoea,
-and disorders of bile. If the plant be pulled out by the root before
-it flowers, and dried in the shade, and ate with wheat flour, cow's
-ghee, and sugar, it will restore and preserve youth, and prevent the
-hair from becoming grey; and if pounded and often used in powder,
-it will be found peculiarly tonic. If its seed be ate with sugar,
-it will preserve health to the extreme of old age.
-
-An old man is said to have eaten a preparation of this for a year
-constantly: the strength of youth was restored to him, and he lived to
-the age of 205 years. The physicians of India declare this to be the
-basis of the Elixir VitÊ. If the plant is taken before it flowers,
-and is bruised and eaten with ghee and honey, both the strength and
-appearance of youth will be preserved. Indeed, the extent of its
-virtues is only known to the most scientific of physicians. If its
-flowers are eaten for 40 days, the same effect will be produced;
-and the root used without intermission for a year, incalculable
-benefit will be the result. If the root and leaves be bruised and
-eaten for three days, with cow's milk and honey, it will be found
-highly aphrodisiac. If one of the seeds be swallowed without water,
-the eye-sight will be preserved, and no affection of the eyes will
-take place for a year. If two are swallowed, the eye-sight will be
-preserved for two years, and so on. I used it myself in my infancy,
-or early days, and have preserved my sight in a wonderful manner. My
-uncle used the distilled water of this, in depression of the spirits,
-and as a cardiac, with great success: he sometimes distilled from
-equal parts of this and Gowjeban, at other times with other cardiac
-medicines. If half a masha of the oil of this be ate with Paan in the
-cold weather, it will produce a genial warmth over the body; it will
-also remove affections from cold, and be found aphrodisiac. The oil
-is thus procured:
-
-The plant is moistened with water, and then rubbed between the
-hands with any sweet-scented oil, but not too much; it is then to
-be extracted in the same manner as that of Agur is procured. If a
-chittack of the following oil be eaten daily for 40 days, and during
-this time abstaining from intercourse with woman, it will be found
-that the aphrodisiac power will have become so great, that it will
-seem wonderful. It is thus prepared:
-
-Take the leaves, root, and all parts of the plant; bruise them,
-sprinkling a little water over them; then squeeze out 20 seers of the
-juice, and add to it five seers of sweet oil; boil the whole till the
-juice shall have evaporated, and the residue is the oil. Some use the
-medicine in this manner. During the months of August and September,
-with cow's ghee. In April and May, with honey. In June and July, with
-sugar. In February and March, with congee. In October and November,
-with cow's milk; and in December and January, with sour milk. The
-author of the Dhara Shekoi has said that the root is to be bruised in a
-copper vessel, with a pestle of the Neeb tree, adding a little water,
-till it has become black; then taken up by dipping cotton into it,
-and preserved for use. In the ophthalmia, a little of the cotton
-moistened and applied to the eye, will remove the disease.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Moondie is a medicine of India, of two kinds, a large and small;
-its flowers are like buttons, and it is of a bitterish, astringent
-taste. It is cool and dry in the 1st degree, and is, in the opinion
-of some, in equilibrium: both kinds of it are beneficial in disorders
-of the blood, white leprosy, epilepsy, heart-burn, elephantiasis,
-cough, incessant vomiting, diarrhoea, flatulence, all disorders of
-the eyes, feverish head-ache, itch, heat in the chest, marasmus,
-and all bilious disorders; it creates appetite, and is aphrodisiac.
-
-928 Munn.--P. Morhoemarh. A. Hujuroolheya. A stone found in the nape
-of the neck of a snake of the Cobra species, but it is not found in
-all; when in the reptile, it is soft, but it hardens by exposure to
-the air. It has a variegated surface, and its virtues are these,
-that if rubbed on a blue or black woollen cloth, it will deprive
-the cloth of its color; also, if applied to any part bitten by a
-reptile, it will adhere till it shall have extracted the poison. If
-it be put into milk, it will change its color. If it is applied to
-the bite of a snake, it will extract the poison. And if it be eaten,
-no snake can ever by its bite produce hurtful effects on your system.
-
-929 Munsul.--Bitter, pungent, hot, and moist; heavy and aperient;
-an antidote to poisons; cures affections of mucus, blood, difficulty
-of breathing, and cough; clears the color of the skin, reduces
-corpulency; and removes possession by evil spirits. It is called
-Zernikh Soorkh. "Red Sulphuret of Arsenic."
-
-930 Moondookpurnie.--A kind of Birumbie.
-
-931 Mundar.--A small shrub, of two kinds; both bitter, pungent, hot,
-and laxative; useful in disorders of mucus, and increase of fat in
-the abdomen, itch, and swellings; and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-932 Moot.--P. Shasha, or Kumeer. A. Bowl. Urine. That of cows,
-buffaloes, horses, goats, camels, rams, and men, is saltish and
-bitter; dry, light, aperient, and cardiac; increases appetite and
-relish for food; useful in general swellings; clears the brain and
-all excretory passages; increases bile; beneficial in disorders of
-wind, Badgola, piles, and dropsy; is vermifuge, and used in Juzam,
-marasmus, flatulence, internal itchiness, and want of appetite.
-
-Cow's is the best and most effectual. Elephant's urine is an
-antidote to poisons, and generally vermifuge; useful in Juzam and
-Badgola. Buffalo's, beneficial in swellings, Badgola, piles, marasmus,
-and seminal weakness. Horse's is aperient; cures disorders of mucus,
-and Daad. Goat's is an antidote to poisons; removes difficulty
-of breathing, jaundice, and marasmus. Ram's cures emaciation,
-swellings, Juzam, piles, seminal weakness, and costiveness. Ass's is
-lithontriptic; useful in seminal weakness, Juzam, idiotism, internal
-itchiness, and dropsy, and is vermifuge.
-
-Human urine is an antidote to poison, and particularly tonic. When
-a choice is to be made between male and female, this rule may be
-observed. Of the cow, sheep, and goat, the female; of elephant, horse,
-camel, and ass, the male; also the male of the human subject. Should a
-person at any time feel symptoms of indigestion, and be afraid of the
-consequences, a little of his own urine will relieve all unpleasant
-sensations and expedite digestion, but this can only be resorted to
-by people of no caste.
-
-933 Monje.--The leaf and external fibrous covering of a kind of reed
-like grass, used to make rope. It is equally cold and hot; useful in
-acne, disorders of blood, diseases of the eyes, and all complaints
-affecting the urinary bladder, or urethra.
-
-934 Mooser.--Sweet, bitter, heavy; promotes appetite, cures piles
-and disorders of wind; increases semen, and is an ingredient in all
-tonic prescriptions. I fancy this is the Shukakool.
-
-935 Moocherus.--"Bombax Heptaphyllum. The tree." The gum of the
-Sembill tree, also so named by the author of the Dhara Shekoi, but
-it is commonly understood to be the flower of the Soopearie tree. It
-is cool, heavy, and astringent; increases semen; restrains diarrhoea;
-increases the tone of the digestive organs; removes disorders of blood,
-bile, mucus, and general heat.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Moocherus is of two kinds, one according to some is the gum of the
-Sahajena, and by the account of others, that of the Sembill tree. It
-is red, heavy, and difficult of digestion. The other kind is the
-flower of the Soopearie; both kinds are cool, dry, astringent, and
-aphrodisiac; strengthen the back, kidnies, and loins; increase semen,
-and lengthen aphrodisia. Its corrector is sugar and cow's ghee. The
-succedaneum is Kummarkuss.
-
-936 Mohuk also Bohuk; useful in disorders of mucus and wind, and
-slightly increases bile; some have said that this is the Mowa.
-
-937 Mokhun.--The name of a tree, hot and astringent; useful in diseases
-of wind and mucus, in worms in the stomach, and pain therefrom,
-rheumatic pains in the joints and bones, and its gum is aphrodisiac;
-increases the bulk of the muscles, and of use in disorders of bile
-and wind.
-
-938 Moong.--"Phaseolus Mungo." And one kind, which grows wild. It
-is cool, dry, light, and astringent; used in disorders of mucus and
-bile; strengthens the eyes, and is fit and proper food for the sick;
-it however weakens the stomach--this I know by experience. If given
-to a person of weak digestive organs, it will be passed unchanged,
-although other food will be digested. I therefore conclude that it
-is too difficult of assimilation to be used with advantage, as here
-recommended. It weakens aphrodisia. P. Maash.
-
-939 Moth.--A grain of India; cool; some say in equilibrium. It is
-dry, quick of digestion, and if used with cow's ghee, its flavor will
-be much improved. It cleanses the blood, is sweet during digestion,
-relieves wind, and removes laxities of the bowels; some indeed have
-called it aperient: cures mucus disorders, strokes of the wind or sun,
-and removes fever. It produces worms.
-
-940 More.--The Peacock? Its flesh is hot, aphrodisiac, and tonic;
-beneficial in diseases of the ear, colds, dryness, and creates
-appetite; increases understanding, thickens the hair of the
-head, strengthens eye-sight, cleans the voice, and beautifies the
-complexion. It ought to be ate in the cold season, as it is not so
-beneficial in the hot winds and rains. P. Taous.
-
-941 Morba.--A medicine of India. Its root hard, and of a clay color;
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree: used as an external application in
-swellings of the throat, and one direm of it eaten, it will loosen
-phlegm from the throat.
-
-942 Motha.--"Cyperus rotundus. Cyperus pertenuis, Roxb." A name for
-Saad; bitter, astringent, and cool; inducing costiveness; assisting
-digestion; used in disorders of blood, mucus, bile, and fever;
-removes thirst, and is vermifuge.
-
-943 Moom.--Soft and greasy, cures pain of bruises; and boils; assists
-the growth of granulations in wounds, and the junction of fractured
-bones; useful in affections of wind, blood, and Juzam. A. Shuma.
-
-944 Mookul..--Restrains laxities of the bowels, is heavy and tonic;
-useful in disorders of bile and wind, creates appetite, and is very
-aphrodisiac.
-
-945 Moolie or Moolug.--Hot and light, creates appetite, clears the
-voice, benefits affections of the throat, the olfactory nerves,
-and the three secretions; dried, it is light and very beneficial in
-piles, swelling, stone and gravel. Salt extracted from the radish
-in the usual way, by being dried and burned, is diuretic; useful in
-suppressions of urine, and promotes digestion.
-
-946 Motie.--Its properties nearly resembling those of Chunder Kanth,
-q. v.
-
-947 Moonga.--A name for Mirjhan; bitter and sweet; useful in disorders
-of bile, heat, wind, and mucus; increases semen and is cardiac.
-
-948 Mowlserie.--Mimusops Elengi. Bukool, H. Sweet, astringent, and
-cool; causes intoxication, raises the spirits and is an antidote to
-poisons. Its flowers have a sweet smell; the fruit is cool, sweet,
-and astringent; improves the color of the skin, and imparts a pleasant
-taste to the mouth. I have found the fruit to be cardiac and stomachic;
-the root is beneficial in seminal weakness, in strengthening the loins,
-and increasing the consistence of semen. Its name is also Bowlserie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Bowlserie is cool and dry; its bark and root useful in thickening
-semen, and remedying too great seminal irritability: if its bark
-is boiled in milk, and as a gargle, it will remove tooth-ache. The
-flowers are somewhat hot, cardiac, and stomachic; its distilled water
-is intoxicating, and useful in disorders of bile, thirst, and delirium.
-
-949 Mooslee or Mooslicund.--Sweet and cool; removes bile and heat;
-increases a proper secretion of mucus, and if eaten with sweet oil,
-it will relieve discharges from the nose from cold. Used with rock
-salt, it will increase appetite; with water it will remove pains in the
-bowels. It is of several kinds: black and white. The former resembles
-the Shakakool, but the bark of the Shakakool is white, whereas this
-is black; the white kind is thin, and resembles Mahi roobyan, called
-also Mooslie Dukanee. Another kind is also white, and thinner than
-the black kind, yet thicker than the Dukanee. All three kinds are
-used in aphrodisiac formulÊ; some have called it hot, and useful in
-piles and disorders of wind. If half a direm be taken with Zeera, it
-will be found beneficial in Jaundice; and if taken with equal parts
-of good ginger, it will cure indigestion. If eaten with the leaves
-of Punskisht in equal parts, it will remedy offensive perspiration,
-and with Streephill, it will remove seminal weakness; with Peepul,
-it will cure Hydrophobia, and with Anula it cures intermittents.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Mooslie is of two kinds, black and white; the black is called Mooslie
-Dukanee, dry in the first degree, and hot in the second; some say
-hot in the first degree and dry in the second. It is aphrodisiac, and
-increases semen; removes head-ache from phlegm and seminal weakness, (3
-direms with as much of the white of the cocoanut.) In giddiness it is
-administered with honey; as a tonic with milk and Isgun; for injuries
-of the labiÊ and vagina with Darfelfil; for carbuncle with Zemicund;
-for dropsy, with camel's milk or Mocoe water. As an antidote to poison,
-with Kawanch seed; in quartan ague, with cold water; in Soorkhbad,
-with Tirphilla; in habitual fever, with cow's urine; in pains in the
-bowels, with hot-water; in the bite of a snake, with sugar, honey,
-or Tincar; in deafness, with mint or Kanjee for seven days; in black
-jaundice, with Baberung; and for gonorrhoea or diabetes, with water.
-
-In the opinion of the Hindoos, this is the best of all medicines,
-and the black kind the most powerful for medicinal purposes.
-
-950 Moorsheka.--A tree, whose leaves growing like the plume of the
-peacock, has obtained for it this name. It is sweet and acid; useful
-in disorders of bile, wind, mucus, and heat.
-
-951 Mogra.--"Jasminum Zambac. Magorium." A flower very common; sweet
-and cool, and of a pleasant smell; raises the spirits; removes bile;
-improves weakness of sight, affections of the mouth, and ulcers. There
-are seven kinds of it.
-
-952 Musakunie.--A shrub of two kinds, the first rises only about
-four inches, more or less, and has on both sides of it two leaves,
-like a mouse; the other kind remains on the ground, like the leaf of
-the Doodie. Its flower is of a blue color; the first kind is scarce:
-both are hot, bitter, and diuretic, and useful in disorders of bile
-and mucus; it is called Murzunjoosh.
-
-953 Maha Moondie.--A kind of Moondie, of a larger kind; its flower as
-large as the Kudum flower; its properties the same as the Bhoomkudum.
-
-954 Mahwa.--"Bassia latifolia." A tree as large as the mangoe; its
-leaves large and thick; its wood used in building, very common to the
-eastward. A spirit is distilled from its flower; its fruit is named
-Kelownda; the unripe shell of it dressed with meat much improves its
-flavor. It is hot and dry. One kind of it is named Rahisphill. The
-decoction, the distilled water and spirit, have an offensive smell,
-produce giddiness, and much subsequent uneasiness. The flower when
-just blown is white, but as it becomes ripe assumes a yellow color
-like the Benowlee, but larger, and it is sweet to the taste. The
-kernel of its fruit gives an oil of a white color, and is used to
-adulterate ghee. Its properties are said to be, that it is useful in
-mucus and wind, and cicatrizes wounds.
-
-Its flower is cool and heavy; aphrodisiac; increases the secretion
-of milk and semen, also mucus; useful in disorders of bile, blood,
-wind, and in hectic fever. Called Goolchukan.
-
-955 Mahkee.--Its flesh is sweet to the taste; hot and moist, also
-heavy; useful in disorders of wind, and has a soporific property. It
-is aphrodisiac, increases semen, strengthens memory, and preserves
-health. It is a name for the buffalo. A. Jamoos.
-
-956 Mohoka.--"Cuculus Castaneus, Buch." A bird, the note of which is
-sounded okok, it is also called Uka. Its brain mixed with perfumes,
-and used as a cephalic in cases of palsy of the tongue, and paralysis,
-produces sneezing, and gives relief. Its blood is used to extract
-thorns or heads of arrows from the flesh. Its brain, mixed with sugar
-and given to children, produces distinct articulation. The flesh is
-said to be hot and dry, and to strengthen memory. Its fÊces is used
-as a medicine in difficulty of breathing.
-
-957 Mahaneem.--"Melia sempervirens, W. The leaves of this species of
-the bead tree have a nauseous taste, devoid of astringency. Flem." Its
-taste is bitter and astringent; it is cool and dry; removes laxities
-of the bowels; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood. Is
-vermifuge; allays vomiting and nausea, and is very powerful in
-Juzam. It is commonly called Bucaen. Shaikh Boo Ali Seyna, in his
-work called Kanoon, has written, that Azad is the name of a poisonous
-tree; and Hakeem Ally has written, that the Azad is the Bucaen tree;
-others too have followed him up, and stated it to be the Bucaen: but
-as I have repeatedly exhibited the Bucaen, I know that it possesses no
-poisonous qualities, consequently this must either be a mistake or a
-false statement. In the Moasoodie, it is written, that the Bucaen is a
-tree of India, cool, dry, astringent, vermifuge, beneficial in Juzam,
-eruptions, disorders of blood, and that it is lithontriptic. If three
-direms of the seed in powder be taken, it will be found useful in
-piles, and stop the discharge from bleeding piles; a fumigation of
-the seeds will also be found useful. The young leaves bruised and
-taken will correct an increased discharge of the menstrual flux;
-the leaves heated and applied to piles, or the loins in lumbago,
-will give great relief, and as an application to boils it exceeds the
-Neem in virtue. The seeds bruised and rubbed among the hair will kill
-vermin; and the bark burnt, and with equal parts of Kuth, applied to
-the mouth, will cure eruptions.
-
-958 Mendi.--A name for Hinna, "Lawsonia Inermis."
-
-959 Mahasutawurie.--A kind of Shatawur.
-
-960 Mahawunth.--A kind of Kudum.
-
-961 Mahameed.--A species of this is called Meede. Both are cool, heavy,
-sweet to the taste; improve the senses; are powerfully tonic; increase
-milk and semen; are aphrodisiac, increase phlegm, cure eruptions from
-cold, cough from bile, but increase cough from phlegm. This medicine
-is very scarce, and seldom met with.
-
-962 Mahawur.--Its properties come near those of the Lac. It is useful
-in discoloured specks on the face, and acne punctata; bruised and
-introduced into the ear, it cures the ear-ache.
-
-963 Mendi Anwul.--A kind of Anwul.
-
-964 Mayursuka.--Light; cures disorders of bile and mucus, and restrains
-laxities of the bowels.
-
-965 Mayoorshuka.--The Moorshuka.
-
-966 Mendha.--P. Meshe. Its flesh is heavy, moist, tonic; increases
-wind and bile. This is the name of the male, and his meat is preferable
-to the female. "Ram."
-
-967 Mynphill.--"Gardenia Dumetorum, Kˆen. Vangueria Spinosa,
-Roxb." Bitter and hot, astringent and dry, light and emetic; useful
-in disorders of mucus and Juzam, swellings, flatulence, and dryness
-of the seven Dhats, Badgola, and is suppurating.
-
-968 Methie.--"Trigonella Foenum-grÊcum, Wild." Hot and dry; exhilarates
-the spirits; creates appetite; induces costiveness; is vermifuge, and
-decreases semen. Its seed is useful in cough, nausea, and disorders
-of mucus. A. Hoolba.
-
-969 Mydhasingie.--A kind of Doodie.
-
-970 Myoorjung.--A name for Aoloo; obtains its name from its stem
-resembling in straightness the peacock's leg.
-
-971 Meed.--Vide Mahameed.
-
-972 Meetanimboo.--Called also, Rajenimboophill, and in
-P. Shukurleemboo.
-
-973 Nalee or Narie.--A small plant, which lies on the ground. Its
-leaves somewhat like the tamarind leaf. In some works the Narie is
-separately described. Its qualities are hot, and it is discutient;
-useful in affections of wind from cold; is laxative and beneficial
-in disorders of the mouth.
-
-974 Naryil.--"Cocos nucifera." A tree like the Taar or Khoojoor;
-its fruit is oval, and betwixt that and its covering is a fibrous
-substance in considerable quantities; its weight from half a rittal
-to one or more. It is cool; slow of digestion; expels gravel;
-induces costiveness; is aphrodisiac and tonic; useful in disorders
-of wind, blood, bile, general heat; and its water is cool, light
-and cardiac; increases appetite and semen. If not quickly drunk,
-and has become fermented, it produces some degree of intoxication,
-raises the spirits, and is tonic. Its cheese, when first produced,
-resembles milk, and is said to be very sweet; it afterwards becomes
-hardened, and increases semen, wind, and disorders of bile. Bullienas,
-a physician, has related, that if a torch is made of the rind and
-coir, and burnt in the midst of a large company, it will produce so
-soporific an effect as to put them all to sleep.
-
-975 Naringee.--Some have stated this to be a name for Narinje, but
-this is a mistake; it is produced in Indostan. Its properties are
-less powerful than Sungterra or Kowla, but its acid greater.
-
-"Narinje is the Citrus Aurantium, or Nagaranga, San. Rind stomachic;
-juice acid and bitter."
-
-976 Nagesur.--"Mesua ferrea." Indian rose chestnut? A seed smaller than
-the Kubabcheenee; the plant is thin, and its stem long. It is dry,
-light, corrects indigested food; cures or removes offensive smell
-from the perspiration; useful in Juzam, acne, mucus, and poisons;
-it is said to be a name for Narmusk.
-
-977 Nagdown.--Mugwort? Cures boils and eruptions, and is an antidote
-to the poison of spiders and snakes. A. Huleyoon, Artemisia Vulgaris.
-
-978 Nagdumnie.--A wood resembling a snake, from which it obtains its
-name. It coils round like the snake, and may easily be mistaken for
-that reptile. It is bitter; increases the size of the muscles; is tonic
-and light; used in disorders of bile and mucus, gonorrhoea, eruptions,
-Lues Venerea, and poisons; it remedies laxities of the bowels.
-
-979 Murdok.--A shrub, found in the hills; its leaves like those of
-the cucumber, its root called Davaun nemr. The leopard eats the root,
-which produces a swelling near its tail on the back: this is called
-Hadjurun nemr. P. Nirkpulung. This if bruised, and applied to the
-carbuncle, will expedite its cure; and if a woman applies it to the
-parts of generation, she will not conceive; and if her husband visits
-another woman after having been with her, she will not conceive. It
-is a runnet, and coagulates milk. If preserved about your person,
-and you visit a baker's shop, the bread will fall from the oven into
-the fire. It is about the size of a clove of garlic, and is variegated
-on its surface like the skin of the tiger.
-
-980 Nadey.--A species of Jamin.
-
-981 Nagarmotha.--A name for Motha. Cyperus Pertenuis.
-
-982 Nagbulla.--Sweet, acid, and astringent; hot and slow of digestion;
-useful in itch and ulcers, also in disorders of bile.
-
-983 Naaoe.--A common shrub, very hot; useful in disorders of wind
-and mucus; produces appetite; assists digestion. Its leaves used as
-a culinary vegetable.
-
-984 Nirbissie.--A name for Jedwar. "Curcuma Zedoaria. Amomum
-Zedoaria. Kempferia Rotunda." Sp. ch. Spikes lateral, bulbs small,
-with long yellow palmated tubers; leaves broad-lanceolar, sub-sessile
-on their sheath, sericeous underneath; color uniform green. Banhildie;
-pungent and cool; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, and every
-kind of poison. Is tonic; carminative; useful in flatulent cholic,
-but it increases ulcers.
-
-985 Nerkutchoor.--See Kutchoor.
-
-986 Nergoondie.--Resembles Rootki, but smaller and black. The author of
-the Ulfaz has without due enquiry pronounced this to be the Sumhaloo,
-but this is a different plant. It is hot and dry, useful in disorders
-of mucus.
-
-987 Neyrmellie.--"Strychnos Potatorum, W. Cataca, San." It is cool
-and dry, some say it is in equilibrium. If bruised and mixed with foul
-water, it will clear, and purify it. If bruised in water, and applied
-to the umbilicus, it will relieve the griping pain of dysentery. If
-bruised, and applied to the eyes, it will strengthen eye-sight; also
-if applied to the bite of a snake, it will remove the effects of the
-poison. If eight grains of it be mixed with a little water and sugar,
-and drank, it will be found beneficial in gonorrhoea. I have seen this
-in my uncle's receipt book, but the dose was not there specified. If
-four grains of this be bruised in water, and mixed with dhaie, and
-left in a covered China vessel for a night, and taken in the morning,
-it will relieve suppression of urine, gonorrhoea, chordee, and bloody
-urine; but it must be used for a week.
-
-988 Niswut or Mahaseyama, or Ritchita. It is a little bitter and
-sweet; also bitter during digestion. It is hot and dry; laxative;
-relieves wind; useful in fever, disorders of bile, mucus, dropsy,
-and swellings. The black kind is a poison and very hurtful; it is a
-powerful drastic purgative; produces insensibility, heat, giddiness,
-and injures the voice.
-
-989 Nuk Is of two kinds, both sweet to the taste; hot and light;
-removes possession by evil spirits; beneficial in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and blood; is an antidote to poisons; cardiac, and clears the
-complexion, called Uzfarooteeb.
-
-990 Nukchecknie.--A name for Koondush. It is a low shrub, does not
-rise from the ground; its leaves like the Tirrateruk; its flower
-like the Neemb. It produces eruptions in the mouth, beneficial in
-disorders of wind and phlegm, and is vermifuge. It is called Chicknie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Nukchikenie is a medicine of India, hot and dry; expels wind;
-beneficial in mucus, paralysis, and paralytic complaints, loss of
-memory, pains in the joints, and is aphrodisiac. If one seer of this
-with quarter seer of sweet oil, and half the weight of Mulkungnie,
-be put into an earthen vessel, and its oil extracted in the manner
-described under the head Puttaljuntur, and given in the quantity of
-four soorkhs in Paan, it will be useful in all the above-mentioned
-complaints, and in all mucous disorders. It will be advisable to
-use this medicine only in the cold weather, as it is, in itself,
-very hot and powerful.
-
-991 Nullwa.--Cool; strengthens the eye-sight; useful in bilious
-disorders, affections of the blood, Juzam, difficulty of voiding urine,
-general heat, mucus, and acne.
-
-992 Null or Nullie; grows in watery and moist places; it is cool, and
-useful in disorders of the eyes, in eruptions of the mouth or apthÊ;
-clears the blood; clears and dries the vagina, and is diuretic. Some
-have called it heating.
-
-993 Nemuk Chitchera Is thus made. Take two bundles of that kind
-of Chitchera, which has inverted prickles, reduce it to ashes, and
-collect them into a vessel; then add a great quantity of water, and
-mix and wash it well with the hand; leave it for a night, add more
-water, put it into a cloth, and let it strain through slowly by drops;
-boil the clear fluid till the salt will precipitate or crystallize.
-
-994 Nemuk Soonchur also called Nemuk Sia. "Muriate of
-soda. Bitlaban. Kala Nemuck, H." A tonic in dyspepsia or gout; a
-deobstruent in obstructions of the spleen and mysenteric glands of
-children; a stimulant in chronic rheumatism and palsy; a vermifuge. An
-analysis of the black salt gave,
-
-"Black oxide of iron, six grains; sulphur, 14 grains; muriate of
-lime, 12 grains; muriate of soda, 444 grains; loss four grains =
-480 grains." It is thus prepared: Take two seers of Anula, one seer
-of Ashkhur, bruise both and mix them with 20 seers of rock-salt,
-also bruised; put the whole into a vessel, cover the vessel with a
-cloth, all except the mouth; lute this cloth well with soft clay,
-and place it in the sun to dry. When perfectly dry, put it on the
-fire, (let the mouth of the vessel be rather small.) Keep constantly
-stirring it with an iron spatula or spoon; when well boiled and mixed,
-take it off and allow it to cool; then add Tinkhar, Jawakhar, Tilkh,
-Kibreeth, sweet salt, and soot, equal parts; mix all well together,
-and add a quantity of salt-water; then boil the whole down, and strain
-as directed under the head Nemuk Chitchera.
-
-995 Nemuk Kutchloon.--The salt of glass, called Muskhoo Koonia, also
-Zoobdat ul Kawareer. It is the froth of glass; it creates appetite;
-clears the blood: there is another kind of salt called Budhloon. This
-is hot and stomachic; restrains laxities of the bowels, pains, and
-consequent swellings of the urinary bladder, heaviness, and stuffing
-of the chest, disorders of wind and mucus; also expels wind.
-
-996 Nemuk Udhbidh.--The common Unkaloon; this is a kind of black
-salt; it is light; clears the blood; it is speedy in its effects,
-and as an external application, and it expels wind.
-
-997 Nemuk Soendha.--Sweet to the taste; cool, moist, and light;
-promotes appetite and digestion. Is cardiac, strengthens vision,
-and is useful in wind and bile.
-
-998 Nekund Baaperi.--A medicine of India, called also Oontura or
-Anere. It is hot and moist. If used as much as can be held in the
-palm of the hand, for a year, no poison will prove hurtful; in fact it
-counteracts the poison of snakes, and all other poisons. If two direms
-be eaten with as much aniseseed, for six months, the hair will not
-become white; two direms ate with dhaie, will be found effectual in
-gonorrhoea. Eaten with the leaves of the lime tree, and four seeds of
-peepul, it will cure obstinate fevers; with goat's milk, will cure
-quartans; with Foifil for three months, will cure white leprosy,
-also foulness of the blood, Juzam, boils, and scabies.
-
-999 Nundbyrchun or Nundbyrkha. Hot and light, and in its properties
-resembling the peepul; indeed it is reckoned a species of that
-tree. It is useful in disorders of mucus, blood, poisons, boils,
-and cuticular eruptions.
-
-1000 Nunahuld.--The small turmeric, called also Mameeran.
-
-1001 Newarrie.--A flower in India, like the Chumbeley, but has no
-smell. It is of two kinds, one procured in the hot season, the other
-in the rains; the second kind is also called Newalie. Both are pungent,
-light, and useful in disorders of all the secretions.
-
-1002 Nowsader.--"Muriate of Ammonia. Sal Ammoniac, F. Salmiak, G. Sale
-Ammoniaco, I. Sal Ammoniaco, Sp. Also Nowshader"; very pungent salt,
-and as a medicine or application, speedily effectual. It is aperient,
-beneficial in cholics, dropsy, costiveness, and pains in the bowels.
-
-1003 Nowllee.--The young leaves of the lime tree; they have a sweet
-and grateful smell.
-
-1004 Neeturbala.--Cool, dry, and light; produces appetite and
-digestion; cures eruptions of diffused bile; bilious and mucous
-disorders, general heat, boils, and eruptions. Some say, that this is
-the Nalee, but this is a mistake, for Nalee is the name of a different
-medicine, though it may be that of both. As the Neeturbala is seldom
-met with, a substitute is used in the branches of the Neelophir, dried.
-
-1005 Neela Totha.--P. Tootia Subs. It is of two kinds, both aperient,
-and useful in scabies and Juzam, disorders from poison, and mucus;
-is vermifuge; reduces corpulency, and is useful in certain diseases
-of the eye.
-
-1006 Neenuk.--Its flesh is sweet to the taste; light, tonic, and
-aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the three secretions. It is a
-kind of Barasingha.
-
-1007 Newla.--In its properties resembling those of the cat. A. Ibn
-Urs. "The mongoose, Ichneumon, Viverra Ichneumon."
-
-1008 Neelkunt.--"Coracias Bengalensis." A bird; its meat is useful
-in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood. P. Subsuk.
-
-1009 Neendie.--"Vitex Nigundo, W. Lagondium Litorium, Rump. Bhemnosi,
-Rheede. Vitex Trifolia. The leaves heated are discutient, effectual in
-dispelling inflammatory swellings of the joints from acute rheumatism,
-and of the testicles from suppressed gonorrhoea."
-
-1010 Neela Sindhuk.--A name for Sumhaloo, (Sobaloo?) P. Punjkysht. A
-kind of the above; both are bitter to the taste, astringent, pungent,
-and light; increase knowledge; strengthen vision; also strengthen the
-hair of the head; remove itchiness of the abdomen and swellings; are
-vermifuge; useful in Juzam, boils, eruptions, and disorders of mucus;
-improve appetite, and relieve cataract. The leaves of the Sumhaloo,
-smoked as tobacco, or equal parts of them and tobacco bruised and
-applied to the part, will cure hydrocele.
-
-1011 Nypaul.--A kind of Chureyta, called also Nupaul Neeb.
-
-1012 Neenboo.--P. Lymboo. Citrus Medica, W. Jambira, S. Refrigerant,
-antiseptic. Peel stomachic. The Lime. It ripens in the hot-weather, and
-attains the size of a hen's egg. It is of a green yellowish color. Its
-rind is very thin, and thence it derives its name Kagsi. One kind of
-it is always in fruit, and a sweet kind of it is called Rajineenboo
-phill. Its properties are particularly noticed in Yunani works. It
-is said in some publications to be an antidote to animal poisons,
-both internally used, and applied to the parts.
-
-1013 Neel.--The indigo, very common in India; hot and bitter; useful
-in boils, affections of the spleen, Soorkhbad, dropsy, strengthening
-the hair of the head; but it weakens memory, and produces giddiness.
-
-Its leaves are used as an application for colouring the hair, and
-are in great estimation on that account. From its heating quality, it
-either decreases or increases a discharge from the nose, according to
-its nature; and when it is used for colouring the hair of the beard,
-cloves ought to be mixed with it, to increase its heating quality,
-when the person is of a cold temperament.
-
-1014 Neelisbund.--A kind of Apirchetta, q. v.
-
-1015 Neeb.--"Melia Azedirachta, W. The pride of India, the leaves of
-a nauseous bitter taste, (devoid of astringency,) Flem."
-
-A very common and large tree of India, much esteemed; it is of four
-kinds, the medicinal properties of all the same. It is astringent
-and bitter; pungent and cool, (some say hot and dry;) some call
-its qualities in equilibrium; it is quick of digestion; useful in
-disorders of bile, wind, and mucus, and I have known it to be of use
-in Juzam and white leprosy. I have also exhibited it with success in
-eruptions and scabies. One man I knew, whose whole body was white from
-leprosy. I prescribed it to him for 40 days, and cured him. I took
-the kernel of the seed, bruised and sifted it, and gave it in the
-quantity that might be contained in the palm of his hand, fasting,
-and prohibited him from using any other kind of food than bread or
-dhal, without salt or ghee.
-
-It is also said by Hukeem Ali to be excellent in curing obstinate old
-ulcers, as also fistula in ano, by the application of its leaves. It is
-given in many and various ways. Its leaves are given fresh, sometimes
-dried and pounded, sometimes its juice is given, often the juice of
-the leaf buds, and not unfrequently its bark. It is likewise given
-mixed with Noora. Its juice is used with Noora to cleanse foul ulcers,
-and to cure carbuncle, and this it effects in a very short time. The
-Noora is added to it in one-eighth of its quantity, and Hukeem Ali has
-declared it to be the best ingredient in ointment that he ever tried.
-
-I have often used the leaves heated as an application to swellings and
-boils; it in some cases resolved them, in others expedited suppuration,
-and in all was beneficial. I have added salt to the bruised leaves
-for the same purpose, and found that it added to its efficacy.
-
-A decoction of the leaves as a fumigation is excellent in discussing
-swellings, and with the addition of the leaves of the Sumhaloo, with
-additional good effect. A fumigation of less heating properties may
-be obtained by the leaves of the Anbassaleb, being substituted for
-the Sumhaloo. The water of this decoction is useful in cleansing foul
-ulcers, and removing pain from the joints.
-
-The Neeb in the opinion of Indian physicians is cool, and Hukeem
-Urzanee has described its qualities as equal. If the decoction is
-used as a wash for the hair, it will darken its color, and increase
-its growth; and if the juice of its young leaves in the quantity of
-five or six direms be taken for seven days, it will cure scabies,
-ring-worm, and all kinds of acne, and it will purify the blood. A
-decoction of the bark of its root will restore suppressed menses,
-and if taken with goor it will produce abortion: prepared in this
-manner it will cure the under-mentioned diseases.
-
-Take of the flower, seed, bark of the root, and leaves (called Punjuk),
-let them be infused for a night in two maunds of water, then bury it
-in the ground for a month, after which distil its water for use.
-
-All species of scabies, white leprosy, Juzam, (when not too far
-advanced,) and disorders of all the secretions. Some mix the Punjuk of
-the Bucaen with the above, and it is said to increase its virtues. If
-the seed be bruised in water, and applied to the head, it will remove
-head-ache. Its juice is vermifuge. If three masha of the leaf buds
-with half masha of black peepul be eaten for 21 days, it will remove
-disorders and foulness of blood; increase the strength of vision, and
-by its juice being introduced into the eyes, will cure night-blindness.
-
-I have given it for cleansing the blood, correcting vitiated bile,
-scabies, idiotism, and all disorders arising from disordered bile,
-thus: By mixing the distilled water, above-mentioned, with filings of
-Sissoo, the leaves, flowers, and bark of the Bucaen, and Shatirra, and
-Surphonka, white Sandal, filed, and Gowzeban, mixed well, and a water
-distilled. It will also be found useful in Juzam and white leprosy.
-
-1016 Neelobe.--The Saruss.
-
-1017 Neelgau.--"The Wild Cow, (a species of Elk.)" Its size is somewhat
-between a horse and ass. Its meat is greasy, hot, and moist; sweet;
-increases the secretion of semen; also bile, and eruptions of the
-apthous kind. It is also called Rooja. A. Bakur ul Vaish.
-
-1018 Nainjooth.--A name for Mameeran.
-
-1019 Neelkunti.--A small shrub of India; its leaves thick in a middling
-degree; its root and flower is blue: also another kind, which grows
-in gardens, is called by this name. Its properties are not known to me.
-
-1020 Vaasun.--Called also Bootee Shaikh Fureed, which also signifies
-a hill.
-
-1021 Vcherkhar.--A name for Nowshakur, also Nowshader; some call
-this a composition, and some say it is the salt Zakoom, made by the
-branches being cut small, burnt, and prepared.
-
-1022 Veedoorie also Bedoorie. A. Ynoolhur. It is commonly known by
-the name Sahroonia; hot, acid, and useful in cholics.
-
-1023 Veroojun.--Also Beroojun. The author of the Kasmi has described
-this as a small stone, or a name for any small stone; some describe
-it as a kind of Jewaheer.
-
-1024 Harsinghar.--"Nyctanthes Arbor Tristis;" also called
-Hursinghar. It grows to about a man's height, and when at the very
-highest, is about 12 feet, though some have seen it even higher. Its
-leaves are pointed, thick, and hard; its flowers small and white;
-their stem red. Its leaves rubbed on ring-worm cure the affection:
-first scaling the part, then healing. It is cool and light; useful in
-disorders of wind, mucus, and bile. It is aphrodisiac, and re-unites
-broken bones.
-
-1025 Haloon.--"The seed of the Cress, or Lepidium Sativum." The seed of
-the Agur; it is smaller than the seed of the Tookbalingha, but thicker,
-and of a red color; it is aphrodisiac and tonic; removes hiccup,
-wind, mucus, and disorders of the blood. It is hot and dry. A. Hurf.
-
-1026 Hudhjora.--The flower of the Hursinghar; it produces the re-union
-of fractured bones, from which property it derives its name. "Cissus
-quadrangularis."
-
-1027 Hoorhoora.--A small plant, with many flowers, of a white color,
-and very small: one kind of it is called Burumseerjela. The first
-kind is cool, heavy, and diuretic; useful in disorders of mucus and
-wind. The second is hot and light; useful in seminal weakness and
-fever; and is lithontriptic, and removes difficulty of voiding urine.
-
-1028 Hurunkherie or Hurunkhoorie. A small plant of India; its leaves
-resembling a deer's hoof, which has given it this title. It is usually
-found in wheat fields; it is hot, and aperient; useful in scabies,
-Juzam, and loss of sensation. If one direm fresh be eaten with 10
-grains of black-pepper, bruised, daily, it will restore lost sensation.
-
-1029 Hurtaal.--"The yellow Sulphuret of Arsenic. Orpiment." Pungent
-and astringent; hot and dry; useful in disorders from poison, scabies,
-Juzam, aphthÊ, disorders of the blood, mucus and bile, fever, and
-possession with evil spirits. It is a common application in scabies,
-and is called Zernikh Zerd. It is of five kinds, yellow, red, green,
-white, and black. The yellow is called Hurtaal, and the white kind is
-used by alchymists in the transmutation of metals; it is in the opinion
-of every one hot and dry in the 3rd or 4th degree; its corrector is
-milk and cow's ghee; its dose four ratties, after it is killed or
-prepared, and is thus much esteemed as a medicine in disorders from
-cold, such as paralysis, epilepsy, affections of the joints, Juzam, and
-white leprosy. It is aphrodisiac, and increases appetite and digestion.
-
-
-It is thus prepared for use in Leprosy.
-
-Take one tolah of yellow arsenic, wash it seven times in milk, then
-grind it for 24 hours, adding as it dries, a little milk, then let
-it dry a little, and make it up into small pills. Then take half
-seer of the Bhurr Tree (the bark), pound it, and put it in a vessel,
-and among the powder put the pills with a little Chunam (lime), above
-and below them; after this, shut the vessel so well up that no smoke
-can escape, put it on the fire, and keep it in a strong heat for six
-hours; then opening the vessel, pour in over the pills a little ghee
-(butter), to cool them. The dose will be one soorkh daily, for seven
-days, abstaining from any thing salt.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take half a tolah of Hurtaal Tubki, bruise it, and grind it with
-milk or the juice of the castor; form it into pills as above. Then
-take of Dharafilfil half a tolah, bruise, and use it in lieu of the
-chunam above alluded to; form the pile of 15 pieces of cow-dung in a
-hole dug in the ground, on these lay the pills, supported and covered
-with the Dharafilfil; over them place an equal number of pieces of
-cow-dung, and set fire to the whole. When it is cold, take out the
-pills, and preserve them for use. Dose half Soorkh.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of the Hurtaal half a direm, bruise and grind it with the juice
-of the Kobee, for six hours, then form it into pills, place them in
-an earthern vessel well luted, then surround it with 10 pounds of
-dried cow-dung, set it on fire, and when cool, remove them. The dose
-one grain or barley corn. Salt prohibited. Given in Paan.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of Hurtaal half a direm, tie it up in a cloth, and let it remain
-for seven days in cow's urine, again for the like period in lime juice,
-and an equal number of days in milk of Mudar. The two first liquids
-are during the seven days to be twice changed, the last changed daily;
-then take out the Hurtaal, and grind it with milk of Mudar for six
-hours, form them into pills, and roast them as recommended in the
-two foregoing methods. The dose the same.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of Hurtaal one direm, the kernel of the Kurinjua one direm,
-Alum one direm; first bruise the Kurinjua and strew the half of it
-over an earthern vessel, with equal parts of Shibyem·nie; then put
-over it the Hurtaal, and above that the alum; above all these, put
-the remainder of the Kurinjua; secure the whole as in the last method,
-and roast with 14 pounds of the dried cow-dung.
-
-1030 Hyrbee.--A root of a yellow color; hot, dry, and aperient;
-useful in disorders of bile, mucus, and viscidities of the secretions;
-its dose is from one dang. to half a direm.
-
-1031 Harun.--A name for Myrg.
-
-1032 Hurr.--"Terminalia Chebula, W. The unripe fruit Zengi
-Hur, H. Myrobalans, Terminalia Citrina." A name for HulÈl·; its
-properties particularly described in Yunani works: astringent, sweet,
-laxative. Dose one of the fruits.
-
-1033 Hurbarheorhi.--"Averrhoa acida, Linn. Cicca disticha,
-Gmel. Phyllanthus Cheramela, Roxb."
-
-Or H˙rf˙rhÈorhi; a common plant; the acid fruit of which is used
-for preserves.
-
-1034 Husthkool.--A kind of Baer, of a middling size.
-
-1035 Husthal.--A kind of Pendhaloo.
-
-1036 Husthuk.--A name for Arnd.
-
-1037 Husthchinkhar.--A name for Kharkhusuk.
-
-1038 Huldee called also Huld; it is pungent and bitter, hot and dry;
-useful in disorders of mucus, bile, blood, acne, seminal weakness,
-swellings, marasmus, and boils. It may be applied in small quantities
-externally, bruised, for the cure of bruises. P. Zerdchooba. A kind
-of this is called An'bËhuldie, "Curcuma longa."
-
-1039 Huldia.--The name of a yellow poison; vide Hurtaal.
-
-1040 Hoolhool.--"Cleome viscosa." A plant, about a yard high,
-more or less; its leaves are small and thin towards the branches;
-its seed-vessel is very thin, and contains numerous small black
-seeds. It is round, and bent in the centre; it is used as a culinary
-vegetable. It is hot and pungent; useful in cholic, dropsy, ulcers, and
-ear-aches; swellings, Juzam, and white leprosy. Its leaves, introduced
-into the ear, very useful in ear-ache. It is also beneficial in the
-piles; the parts being washed with a decoction of its leaves. In this
-complaint, the leaves are dressed and eaten with rice; five direms of
-seed ate with twice its weight of sugar before meals, and the meal to
-consist of Kitcheree, with plenty of ghee, (butter,) used for 40 days,
-will effectually remove piles.
-
-1041 Huldoo.--The name of a tree; the wood of which is used in
-buildings; its properties mentioned under the head Darhuld.
-
-1042 Hingote.--A tree; hot in its properties; useful in Juzam, boils,
-and eruptions; is an antidote to poisons, and to possession by evil
-spirits; beneficial in white leprosy and worms in the stomach. Its
-fruit is the size of the large Hurrhoe, and even larger, though when
-dried it remains about that size. The tree is about the size of a
-small Neeb tree.
-
-1043 Hunspeedie.--A small shrub, growing close to the ground;
-its branches thin; its leaves small like the Doodie; it is cool and
-heavy; useful in disorders of blood, poisons, boils, eruptions, acne,
-general heat, and possession by evil spirits. It induces costiveness,
-and is used to counteract the effects of poison of the Tarantula.
-
-1044 Hingpootrie.--It is of two kinds, both pungent and saltish;
-hot and cardiac; assist digestion; beneficial in pains at the heart,
-and of the urinary bladder; induces costiveness; remedies piles,
-disorders of mucus, and Badgola.
-
-1045 Huns.--The flesh is hot and moist; heavy and aphrodisiac; clears
-the voice and complexion; promotes appetite; beneficial in Soorkhbad
-and disorders of bile. P. Haaz.----Goose.
-
-1046 Hhoobaer.--A seed about the size and color of the Phalsa,
-sometimes larger; it is said, that when young, it is red, and when
-ripe it becomes black. It is a kind of hill Serroe; its leaves like
-the Jhow. In its taste, it is pungent and bitter, astringent and hot,
-heavy, and beneficial in disorders of wind, bile, dropsy, and piles;
-is lithontriptic and vermifuge, and in the quantity of three direms,
-it expedites the expulsion of the dead foetus e utero. It will cure
-suppression of the menses, but if ate during pregnancy, will produce
-abortion. A. Abhul.
-
-1047 Heeng.--Pungent and saltish, also hot; promotes appetite and
-digestion; beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus, internal itchiness,
-Badgola, flatulence, and pains in the bowels; is vermifuge; increases
-bile, and is aphrodisiac. It increases the power of all tonics and
-aphrodisiac prescriptions, but the particulars I have mentioned in
-my other works.
-
-1048 Heeraclokhi. A. Dummul Echwder.
-
-1049 Heerakussees.--A kind of Chund Kussees.
-
-1050 Heera.--The name for Almass.
-
-1051 Haimowtie.--A name for Hurrh.
-
-1052 Habooka.--A denomination for Hhoobaer.
-
-1053 Hingool.--A name for Shungirf.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SENSATIONS OF BURNING IN THE HANDS AND FEET.
-
-This is of two kinds, a dry, and a sweating, kind. The method of cure
-among the natives is as follows:
-
-
-Sweating kind.
-
-Take of Chook, Khoot, Lahoria Nemuk, each two parts; Black Till Oil,
-12 parts; mix and rub in for 14 days.
-
-
-Dry kind.
-
-Let a hole be dug in the earth, and fire kindled therein, till the
-ground becomes well heated; strew the bottom of the excavation with
-Mudar leaves, and sprinkle on them new milk, till the fumes arise. The
-feet to be placed in the hole, on the leaves, and a blanket to be
-spread over, and round the knees, to prevent the escape of the heated
-vapour. In this manner the patient is to sit till the place becomes
-cold; and this is to be repeated for seven days, when the cure will
-be complete.
-
-
-
-In the opinion of the Physicians of Hindostan, the human frame is
-divided into seven principal parts. These are chyle, blood, muscles,
-fat, bones, brain, marrow, and semen.
-
-
-
-
-THE TASTES ARE SIX: VIZ.
-
-
-Sweet, Increasing Semen, milk, eye-sight, asthma,
- obesitas, worms, and affections
- of the throat.
- Curing Wind and bile.
- Cool and stomachic; creating appetite.
-Acid, Increasing Mucus, bile, emaciation, fermentation
- of the blood.
- Curing Wind.
-Salt, Increasing Appetite, digestion, mucus, bile,
- wind, and disorders of blood.
- Curing or decreasing aphrodisia, and
- generally relaxant.
- Light.
-Bitter, Increasing Bile, wind, dryness, and heat.
- Decreases Milk.
- Dry and light.
-Pungent, Increases Appetite and milk.
- Decreases Thirst and fever.
- Dry.
-Astringent, Increases Wind and flatulence.
- Decreases Wounds, ulcers, and laxities.
-
-
-The general prescriptions and favorite formulÊ, mentioned throughout
-the work, are Tonics, which preserve health, lengthen life, and
-strengthen the system.
-
-
-
-The principal secretions or humours are four in number; viz. mucus
-(or phlegm), bile, wind, and blood. When three of these are said to
-be increased or diminished, it is to be understood, that blood is not
-to be included. In fact, it never is, unless particularly specified.
-
-
-
-
-DEGREES.
-
-"The Yunani physicians, in specifying the different degrees of virtue,
-or power of their medicines, include in the
-
-"First Degree.--All those whose effects are not felt in common doses.
-
-"Second Ditto.--Such medicines as have perceptible effects; but in
-a moderate degree.
-
-"Third Ditto.--Those of greater power, the exhibition of which must
-be conducted with caution.
-
-"Fourth Ditto.--All poisons or medicines of any deleterious
-properties."
-
-
-
-
-WEIGHTS.
-
- One soorkh---- one grain.
- One masha---- 8 soorkh.
- One direm---- 3 masha.
- 10 mashas---- one tolah or Rupee.
- One rittal is about 19 tolahs and two mashas.
- One tolah, 12 1/2 mashas.
-
-
-
-
-ABBREVIATIONS.
-
-H. Hindi, P. Persian, A. Arabic, S. Sanscrit, F. French, G. German,
-I. Italian, S. Spanish.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-INDEX.
-
-
-A.
-
-Art.
-Aak, 8
-Aal, 9
-Aaont, 83
-Abbasie, 657
-Abbea, 19
-Abi, 7
-Abnoos, 15
-Abruc, 18
-Aderuck, 29
-Aditt Bagut, 10
-Adjan or Adjain, 26
-Adjmode, 22
-Adjwain, 23
-Adjwain, (Khorasanee,) 24
-Adki, 4
-Aechill, 89
-Aegoor, 88
-Aent, 90
-Aginmunt, Agwunt, 50
-Agunie Char, 55
-Agur, 54
-Agust, 51
-Ahmlee, also Buzuroolreshad, 87
-Aistallkund, 41
-Akaholie, 3
-Akasbele, 56
-Akhroat, 52
-Akirkirra, or Akirkirrh‡, 53
-Akroat, 52
-Alaechee, 59
-Aloo, (Bochara,) 14
-Alsi, 57
-Alta, 60
-Am, Ambe, Anbe, 1
-Amarbele, 66
-Ambarae, 65
-Ambaray, or Ambara, 78
-Ambegool, or Angool, or Ambegooda, 73
-Ambeloona, 72
-Amlie, 63
-Amratuck, 68
-Amroude, 67
-Amrutphull, 64
-Amulbedh, 61
-Amulchangerie, 62
-Amultas, also Kurwara, 69
-Ananass, also Kutel Suffrie, 70
-Anar, 76
-Anbertasung, 80
-Anbihildee, 16
-Andaluck, 28
-Anderjow, 75
-Angud, 81
-Anjeer, 82
-Ankaloon, 79
-Anula, or Amle, 5
-Anwul, 12
-Aoloo, 58
-Aoode Belao, 84
-Aoonk, 86
-Aoont Kutara, 85
-Aord, or Aort, or Maash, 32
-Aorde Gunta, 40
-Aoshire, Kuss Kuss, Ooseer? 47
-Aotungun, 20
-Apheem, 49
-Apurjeeta, 17
-Aramsheetul, 2
-Area, 11
-Arhir, or Toor, 31
-Arjun, 36
-Arloo, Catoombura, or Sheunag, 37
-Armeede, 39
-Arnd, 34
-ArnÈ, 33
-Arnee, 30
-Aru, 6
-Aruk, 13
-Arusa, 35
-Arvie, or Arum Colocasia, 38
-Asgund, 43
-Asperuk, 42
-Asphill, Padmunie, 44
-Aspurka, 46
-Asteghoon, 48
-Astull, Bunt‡ki, 45
-Atees, 21
-Aunalie, 77
-
-
-B.
-
-Baag, 108
-Babchee, or Bakchee, 102
-Babool, 126
-Baboona, or Marehtee, 113
-Babur, 104
-Badgan, Khutay 115
-Badjera, 122
-Baeberung, 121
-Baele, also Byll, 271
-Bagerie, 185
-Baluka, 95
-Balchur, 120
-Bale, 270
-Bander, 107
-BanjkakÛra, 98
-Bans, 114
-Bansa, also Pi·bansa 94
-Barasinga, 105
-Baraykund, or KeetkuroÛdh, or Subbuskund, 97
-Barehie, 117
-Baremoo, 116
-Barumbie or Soonputtie, 163
-Batassa, 134
-Batees, 138
-Bealduntuck, 279
-Bear, also Konar, 276
-Beekhbans, or Beedjbans, 93
-Beerbahootie, 281
-Becktindeek, 189
-Bedareekund, 149
-Bedarkee, 150
-Bedhara, 152
-Beechnak, 148
-Beedjbund, 266
-Bejoura, 145
-Belaikund, 191
-Benowla, 212
-Benth, 267
-Berahumie, 175
-Berahumnie, or Berrumdundie, 174
-Berchakund, 162
-Berehta, or Berehti, 166
-Beridda, 160
-Bhaer, also Mendha, 237
-Bhains, also Mahaki, 238
-Bhang, also Bidjia, 248
-Bhangra, 230
-Bhapungi, 254
-Bharingee, 236
-Bhateele, 257
-Bhehi, 244
-Bhelawj, 242
-Bhendi, 250
-Bheria, also Bhudda, 239
-Bheroza, also Gundha Bheroza, 256
-BhindalÊ, 252
-Bhoeperus, 247
-Bhohphilly, 262
-Bhoje Puttur, also Burje Puttur 232
-Bhoodill, 258
-Bhoom Kajoor, 243
-Bhoom Kudum, 249
-Bhoothpees, 259
-Bhoom Amulek, 233
-Bhuhira, 241
-Bhuiteroor, 246
-Bhuntaki, 264
-Bhu'th Kutaeye, 261
-Billie, 194
-Billoousseeke, 195
-Bindaal, 216
-Bindeokurkotheki, 217
-Birnaoo, or Buroo, 158
-Biscopra, 177
-Bishash, 182
-Bishnookrantha, 181
-Bitchoo, 144
-Bole, 227
-Boochitter, or Beechitt˙r, 245
-Boont, 223
-Bokun, or Bookla or Book, 183
-Buckree, 188
-Budgerkund, also Soorum, 147
-Budhill, 151
-Budjaesaar, 143
-Bukaen, 186
-Bukochie, 184
-Bulka, 198
-Bunbele, 203
-Bunda, 199
-Bunpowarie, 207
-Bunslochun, 210
-Burberi, 164
-Bureeja, 165
-Burrh, 157
-Burruntaaki, 171
-Buryara, 170
-Bussunti, 180
-Butaer, 137
-Butch, 146
-Butchudder, 142
-Butela, 136
-Buthua, or Pasthuk, 135
-Byll, 196
-Bylla, 197
-Byrumbseerjella, 168
-
-
-C.
-
-Catoombura, 37
-Chaab, 340
-Chachoondur, also Chulde, 357
-Chakoth, 347
-Chakussoo, 342
-Chalkurie, 348
-Champa, or Chumpuk, 385
-Changerie, 349
-Charai, or Charwolie, 344
-Cheea, or Cheetkeh, 433
-Cheebook, 350
-Cheedah, 426
-CheehurÊ, 421
-Cheel, 430
-Cheenah, 427
-Cheenuk, 423
-Cherie, 408
-Cherkund, 416
-Cheetah, 429, 432
-Cheetul, 428
-Chehtaon, 404
-Chellwuk, 376
-Cherakakoli, or Chershookla, also Chermudera, 406
-Cherayta, also Punsaal, 362
-Chereela, 414
-ChermbÊrie, 386
-Chesteymud, Chestee, also Chitemud, 364
-Chetuck, 352
-Cheylchish, 377
-Chichinda, also Chunchilund, 356
-Chikara, 366
-Chillie, 378
-Chirchirra, 358
-China, also Chituck, 360
-Chirownjee, 361
-Chirpoota, 359
-Chirr, 413
-Chitchera, or Chichira, also Chirchira, 351
-Choekurk, 370
-Chohara, 412
-Choke, 396
-Choocheroo, 418
-Choonderdhan, or Jowdhan, also Rukitsaal, 407
-Chouch, 403
-Chowlai, or Chowrai, 397
-Chukadana, 374
-Chukeerka, 369
-Chukond, 371
-Chukora, 367
-Chukotrah, 372
-Chukua Chukui, 368
-Chukunder, 365
-Chumbeley, 384
-Chumbuck, 389
-Chumgader, 382
-Chunderkanth, 390
-Chundun, 392
-Chundunsarba, 393
-Chundurseha, 417
-Chundsoor, 391
-Chuttra, 354
-Chuttar Phill, 355
-Coochilla, 712
-
-
-D.
-
-Daad Murden, 446
-Dabeh, 441
-Dakh, 445
-Daoodie, 440
-Darhuld 438
-Darma, also Soombulkhar, 444
-Darmee Saar, 443
-Darum, 442
-Datoon, also Danth, or Danti, 439
-Deodar, also DÈodarie, 475
-Deomun, 476
-Dhadahwun, 462
-Dhaie, 470
-Dhak, 467
-Dhamin, or Dhunoon, 460
-Dhanqie, or Dhaoie 471
-Dhatura, 465
-Dhaw, 463
-Dhawa, 464
-Dhawnie, 472
-Dheerukmola, 473
-Dhendus, 474
-Dholkudum, 468
-Dhumaha, 469
-Dhunia, 466
-Dhunjawasa, 461
-Doob, also Shittb·ra, 455
-Doodee, 457
-Doodhee, also DukdÚka, 456
-Doodka, 459
-DoÛdputeya, 458
-Dooparia, 447
-Dukdoka, 452
-Dumna, also Dawna, 453
-Dundundana, 454
-Durba, 449
-Durbhur, 450
-Dusmool, 451
-Dutchina Virna, 448
-
-
-G.
-
-Gajur, 676
-Geerehti, 816
-Geerguth, 726
-Gehoon, 850
-Geroo, 851
-Ghafis, 660
-Ghar, 661
-Ghareekoon, 663
-Ghasool, 662
-Ghekwaar, or Ghwar, 827
-Gheyd, 835
-Ghirb, 664
-Ghoghaie, 658
-Ghora, 820
-Gillo, 754
-Godoon, 793
-Goh, 801
-Gokhroo, also Kunthphill, 803
-Gomenduk, 788
-Goobrowla, also Goobreyla, 694
-Goodhul, 718
-Googeerun, or Gugeeroo, 752
-Googul, 809
-Gooha, 811
-Goolkhairoo, 756
-Goolur, 812
-Gooma, 789
-Goondinie, 810
-Goond, 768
-Goondroo, or Goonderuk, 808
-Goondur, 776
-Goonma, 813
-Goongchee, 828
-Goor, 731
-Goorcha, 786
-Gooroochna, or Gooroochun, 785
-Gota, 805
-Gowrbaghan, 792
-Gowrdun, also Sutpootrie, 787
-Gowreh, 659
-Gowrohun, 671
-Gowruk, 794
-Goww, 790
-Gowdunta, 804
-Gudjpepullie, also Gudjpeepul, 710
-Gudha, 716
-Gudloon, 717
-Gugundool, 751
-Gulbar, 755
-Gumbhar, 764
-Gundheel, 775
-Gundhka, 783
-Gundhur, 782
-Gunduk, 780
-Gunyar, 769
-Gurehri, 723
-Gyndha, 837
-
-
-H.
-
-Habooka, 1052
-Haimowtie, 1051
-Haloon, 1025
-Harsinghar, also Hursinghar, 1024
-Harun, 1031
-Heeng, 1047
-Heera, 1050
-Heeraclokhi, 1048
-Heerakussees, 1049
-Hhoobaer, 1046
-Hingool, 1053
-Hingote, 1042
-Hingpootrie, 1044
-Hoolhool, 1040
-Hoorhoora, 1027
-Hudbjora, 1026
-Huldee, also Huld, 1038
-Huldia, 1039
-Huldoo, 1041
-Huns, 1045
-Hunspeedie, 1043
-Hurbarbeorhi, 1033
-Hurr, 1032
-Hurtaal, 1029
-Hurunkherie, or Hurunkhoorie, 1028
-Husthal, 1035
-Husthchinkhar, 1037
-Husthkool, 1034
-Husthuk, 1036
-Hyrbee, 1030
-
-
-I.
-
-Inderain, 74
-
-
-J.
-
-Jaal, 345
-Jaie Puttrie, 341
-Jaiey, 346
-Jaiphill, 343
-Jamalgotay, 383
-Jamin, 338
-Jatie, 339
-Jawakhar, 402
-Jawansa, 395
-Jeengha, 409
-Jeepaul, 431
-Jeewuk, 422
-Jeewung, also Buthua, 425
-Jeewuntie, or JeÈw˙nie, or JÈw·, 424
-Jest, 363
-Jhirberie, 419
-Jholputtur, 405
-Jhow, 415
-Jill Benth, 379
-Jill Butees, 380
-Jill Neeb, 381
-Jillpeelbuka, 375
-Jojakhar, 411
-Joonk, 400
-Jooqunoo, 373
-Juhan, 401
-Juhi, 398
-Jungliechuha, 388
-Junkar, 410
-Junth, 394
-Junthmook, 387
-Jutamaasie, 353
-Juwar, 399
-Jyaphupp, 420
-
-
-K.
-
-Kagphill, or Kagtoondie, 675
-Kaiphill, or Kutphill, 677
-Kakjunga, 665
-Kakolie, 667
-Kakra Singie, 673
-Kaksaag, 668
-Kalakora, 685
-Kalesur, or Kulesur, 688
-Kalizeerie, 679
-Kalseenbie, 682
-Kanakutchoo, 674
-Kanch or Kaatch, 678
-Kandagolhi, 690
-Kangeerug, 681
-Kanghi, 689
-Kanjee, 670
-Kans, 666
-Kansi, 682
-Kapithar Jug, 696
-Kapoor, 691
-Kapoorbile, 693
-Kapoor Kutcherie, 698
-Kapoorie, 699
-Karela, 733
-Kareyl, 721
-Karunj, 722
-Karownda, 720
-Kasht, 680
-Kasmerie, or Kasmuroo, or Kasmurga, or Kasheera, 669
-Kastipadile, 687
-Katchloon, 686
-Kath, also Kuth, 672
-Kathmanda, 684
-Kawaal, 798
-Kawul, 765
-Kawulguth, 766
-Keekur, or Babool, 848
-Keera, or Kheera, 824
-Keet, or Keetie, 849
-Keetkarode, 847
-Kela, 846
-Keloondha, 760
-Kenkra, 838
-Keora, 843
-Kesur, or Kunkum, 839
-Kethki, 844
-Kewanch, 845
-Khaer, also Cudder, 815
-Khand, 825
-Khaperia, 823
-Khelowrie, 829
-Kherboozah, 436
-Khergosh, 435
-Kherie, 817
-Khesoo, 833
-Khewumberie, 832
-Khopra, 831
-Khorasanee (Adjwain), 25
-Khull, 830
-Khusa, also OsheÈre, 437
-Khutchur, 434
-Khutmnl, 821
-Khylakhylie, 826
-Khynth, 834
-Kinchua, 836
-Kobhee, 791
-Kokla, 800
-Kookra, 748
-Kookrie, 749
-Kooktunduk, 819
-Kookurbangra, 807
-Kookurchundie, 806
-Kooleejan, 758
-Koolunta, 759
-Koonch, 796
-Koonda, also Pita, 814
-Koondoorie, 773
-Koonj, 795
-Koonja, 778
-Koontukphill, also Kuntukanta, 771
-Kootki, 701
-Kora, 735
-Korund, 730
-Kowa, also Koral, 799
-Kowadoorie, 802
-Kowla, 767
-Kowrie, 797
-Krishndaan, 724
-Krishn Moolie, 738
-Krishn Saarba, 739
-Kubab Cheenee, 697
-Kudum, 715
-Kujoor, 822
-Kukora, 747
-Kukrie, 750
-Kukrownda, 753
-Kukrownela, 746
-Kulownjee, 761
-Kulumbuk, 757
-Kumbeela, 779
-Kumode, or Komoodutti, 762
-Kumruk, or Kumruka, 763
-Kunaer or Kurneer, 777
-Kundurdolie, 772
-Kunghi, 784
-Kungni, 774
-Kunkole, 770
-Kunoocha, 781
-Kupass, or Kurpass, 696
-Kupoor, also Khesia, 692
-Kurinjua, or Korinjeka, or Kurinjee, 728
-Kurkund, 734
-Kurkura, 727
-Kurna, 719
-Kurni, 736
-Kurr, 732
-Kurrukphill, 737
-Kurwanuk, 725
-Kurwara, or Kurwala, 729
-Kussees, 745
-Kusseroo, or Kusseruk, 741
-Kussoombh, 743
-Kussowndie, or Kussownda, 740
-Kustoorie, 744
-Kustooryea Mirg, 742
-Kutai, 704
-Kutara, 702
-Kutchaloo, 709
-Kutcherie, 713
-Kutchnar, 708
-Kutchoor, 714
-Kutchua, 711
-Kuteera, 703
-Kuth, 707
-Kuthael, 700
-Kutoonbur, 705
-Kutputrie, 706
-Kyloot, 842
-Kyrnie, 818
-Kyte, 840
-Kytiputtrie, 841
-
-
-L.
-
-Laak, 852
-Lahi, 853
-Lahsun, 875
-Lahusoonia, 877
-Langullie, 854
-Lasora, 876
-Lawa, 855
-Lichkutch, also Lukitch, 861
-Lichmiphill, 860
-Lichmuna, 859
-Lobaan, 869
-Lobeia, 874
-Lodh, 864
-Loha, 867
-Lolie, 871
-Lomrie, 872
-Long, 868
-Longmushk, 873
-Loni, 870
-Loodh'phup, 863
-Loonia, 866
-Lubhera, 855
-Lublie, or Lolie, 856
-Lukmunia, and Lukmunie, 862
-Lutoobrie, also Soonitjhal, 857
-Lydoaloo, 858
-
-
-M.
-
-Maachik, 884
-Maad, 882
-Maak, also Maash, 881
-Maankund, 886
-Maashpurnie, also Makonie, 890
-Maat, 889
-Madhooie, 879
-Mahameed, 961
-Maha Moondie, 953
-Mahaneem, 957
-Mahasutawurie, 959
-Mahawunth, 960
-Mahawur, 962
-Mahesingie, 888
-Mahkee, 955
-Mahwa, 954
-Maien, 883
-Majoophill, or Maijphill, 885
-Malknagnie, 878
-Malook, 887
-Maoarowbnee, 880
-Mayoorabuka, 965
-Mayursuka, 964
-Meed, 971
-Meetanioboo, 972
-Mendha, 966
-Mendi, 958
-Mendi Auwul, 963
-Merch, 909
-Merchai, 910
-Merg, 906
-Mernal, 912
-Methie, 968
-Missie, also Kakjunga, 914
-Mogra, 951
-Mohoka, 956
-Mohuk, 936
-Mokhun, 937
-Moocherae, 935
-Moodukpurnie, 901
-Moogta Sukut, 921
-Moogtaphill, 927
-Moojkuod, 896
-Mookul, 944
-Moolie, or Moolug, 945
-Moom, 943
-Moondie, 927
-Moondookpurnie, 930
-Moong, 938
-Moonga, 947
-Moonjee, 933
-Moora, 905
-Moorhurrie, 904
-Moorhuttee, 908
-Moorsheka, 950
-Mooser, 934
-Mooslee, or Mooslicund, 949
-Moot, 932
-Morba, 941
-More, 940
-Moth, 939
-Motha, 942
-Motie, 946
-Mowlserie, 899
-Muchechi, 898
-Mucheli, 893
-Mudden, 894
-Muddenphill, 948
-Mudh, 900
-Mudhkurkuttie, 903
-Mudhoolka, 902
-Mudhraa, 897
-Mug Peepul, 920
-Muggur, 918
-Mujeeth, 895
-Mukbara, also Mukhana, 923
-Muko, 919
-Mukoond, 917
-Mullagheer, 924
-Mulleen, 926
-Mulleka, 925
-Mundar, 931
-Munn, 928
-Munmal, 929
-Murdok, 979
-Murorphillie, 913
-Mursa, 911
-Murua, 907
-Musakunie, 952
-Musoor, 915
-Mustchagundka, 916
-Muttreegurba, 892
-Muttur 891
-Mydhasingie, 969
-Mynphill, 967
-Myoorjung, 970
-
-
-N.
-
-Naaoe, 983
-Nadey, 980
-Nagermotha, 981
-Nagbulla, 982
-Nagdown, 977
-Nagdumnie, 978
-Nagesur, 976
-Nainjooth, 1018
-Nalee, or Narie, 973
-Naringee, 975
-Naryit, 974
-Neeb, 1015
-Neel, 1013
-Neela Sindhuk, 1010
-Neela Totha, 1005
-Neelgau, 1017
-Neelasabood, 1014
-Neelkant, 1008
-Neelkunti, 1019
-Neelobe, 1016
-Neenboo, 1013
-Neendie, 1009
-Neenuk, 1006
-Neeturbala, 1004
-Nekund Baaperi, 998
-Nemuk Chitchera, 993
-Nemuk Kutchloon, 995
-Nemuk Soendha, 997
-Nemuk Soonchur, also Nemuk Sia, 994
-Nemuk Udhbidh, 996
-Nergoondie, 986
-Nerkutchoor, 985
-Newarrie, 1001
-Newla, 1007
-Neyrmellie, 987
-Nirbissie, 984
-Niswut, 988
-Nowllee, 1003
-Nowsader, 1002
-Nuk, 989
-Nukchecknie, 990
-Null, or Nullie, 992
-Nullwa, 991
-Nunahuld, also Mamerran 1000
-Nundbyrchun, or Nundbyrkha, 999
-Nypaul, also Nupaul Neib, 1011
-
-
-P.
-
-Pa·, 92
-Paadae, 101
-Paan, 110
-Padill, also Patill, 91
-Paethaon, also Culsi or Breshtpirnie, 128
-Pakur, also Pakull, 99
-Palass, also Pullae, 190
-Palass Peepul, 192
-Palewut, also Palook, 96
-Palug, 109
-Panee Amluk, 100
-Papeitha, 125
-Paperie, 103
-Papeyha, 127
-Papieha, 123
-Papotun, 124
-Para, or Parud, 112
-Parha, 106
-Pariss Peepol, also Palass Peepul, 111
-Parjath, or Parbhudder, 119
-Passownie, 278
-Patera, also PatËla, 130
-Patirr, 118
-Patole, 129
-Patung, 131
-Pechuck, 265
-Pedloon, also Kutchloon, 156
-Peease, 274
-Peeche, 280
-Peeloo, 272
-Peeplamool, 275
-Peepul, 269
-Peertuckhpirnie, 169
-Peeta, also Khunda, 277
-Peetul, 268
-Pendaloo, 205
-Peoke, or Peossie, 273
-Pereshtpurnie, 161
-Peroza, or Berektummun, 176
-Phaar, 251
-Phaloke, 260
-Phalisae, or Ph·lsa, 229
-Phankra, 253
-Phirrhud, 231
-Phitkerrie, 255
-Phoje, 234
-Phooth, 263
-Phunjeetuck, 240
-Pindaluck, or Pindal, 206
-Pindkhajoor, 208
-Pindole, 204
-Pithpapra, 133
-Pockurmool, 235
-Podeena, 228
-Podhka, or Boleserie, 222
-Poiey, 221
-Ponauk, 201
-Ponda, 226
-Poondereek, 211
-Potie, 224
-Potuck, 225
-Pudumcharnie, 154
-Pudmeinie, 153
-Pudumrauj, 155
-Pulwull, 193
-Punchcheer, 213
-Punealae, 220
-Pungekool, 214
-Punjemool, 215
-Punk, 202
-Punna, 209
-Punnus, 219
-Puns, 218
-Purbal, 167
-Purpeeloo, 159
-Purundha, 172
-Pursarnie, 173
-Pushanbedh, 187
-Putalphoorie, 140
-Putrudj, 132
-Puturjenie, 141
-Pynvar, or Toeroota, 200
-Pystha, 178
-Pysturling, 139
-Pytha, 179
-
-
-R.
-
-Raab, 477
-Raal, 483
-Raang, 482
-Rahusphill, 515
-Rai, 482
-Raibele, 486
-Raidooree, 488
-Rajehuns, 481
-Rajejakha, 480
-Rajeneemboophile, 485
-Raje Umber, 478
-Raje Ummur, 489
-Ramputtrie, 484
-Rashna, 487
-Rasie, 490
-Rassun. Also Raisun, or Rowasun, 479
-Rattaloo, also Runtaloo, 492
-Rawasun, 507
-Recktaal, or Rukitkund, 601
-Reech, 517
-Reenga, 518
-Reetha, 519
-Reewudj, 516
-Rekhbuk, Rekhbukh, or Rekhba, 500
-Rewind, 520
-Roheera, 514
-Rohni, 513
-Rohoo, 508
-Romus, or Mudwal, 512
-Roohus, 509
-Roodraz, 495
-Roodwunti, 495
-Rooi, 511
-Roopa, also Roopuk, 510
-Ruckitchunden, 502
-Rudd, 494
-Rukitphoop, 504
-Rukitsal, 503
-Rungni, 505
-Rungtirra, also Sungtirra, 506
-Russ, 497
-Russ Kapoor, 499
-Rusunjeen, 498
-Ruswut, 496
-Ruttun, 493
-Ruttunjooth, also Abookhoolsa, 491
-
-
-S.
-
-Saaje, 534
-Saal, 542
-Saale, 536
-Saalie, 532
-Saalpernie, or Saloom, 531
-Saaltie, also Kapoor Kutcherie, 533
-Saamp, 541
-Saarba, 527
-Sabur, 539
-Saeb, 634
-Sagown, or Saag, 530
-Sahidei, 619
-Sahunserbede, 617
-Salamookh, 537
-Saluk, or Salook, 529
-Sanbir, 526
-Saramill, Sarumluk, or Saral, 528
-Sarass, 540
-Saro, 538
-Satoon, 543
-Sawang, 535
-Sealie, 628
-Sebaloo, Sebalie, or Nindee, 589
-Sedarth, 554
-Seelidj, 632
-Seenaki, 629
-Seenku, 630
-Seep, or Seepie, 633
-Seetaphill, 635
-Segund Philla, 575
-Sehoond, 623
-Semb, also SÈme, 622
-Sembill, 621
-SendhÊ, 627
-Sendhi, 626
-Seotie, 631
-Sericbans, 563
-Seriepurnie, also Gumbar, 570
-Seriss, also Sereeka, 564
-Serje, 560
-Seroopbudder, 571
-Seroopjeea, 569
-Setawur, also Setawurie, or Shetawur, 549
-Setoopula, 548
-Shaldan, 637
-Shalook, 638
-Sheesha, 654
-Sheeshum, also Seeshum, 655
-Sheeta, 653
-Shehut, 652
-Sheobogun, 656
-Shereefa, also Seetaphill, 642
-Shetoot, 651
-Shitawuballie, 641
-Sholie, 649
-Shora, 650
-Shubbe, 639
-Shuftaloo, 643
-Shukur Javan, 644
-Shukur Kund, 645
-Shumie, also Seenkur, 646
-Shungirf, also Ingoor, 648
-Shunphopee, 647
-Shutawur, 640
-Sial, 625
-Sillajeet, also Silladeet, 577
-Sillaruss, 578
-Sindoor, 590
-Sindoorie, 585
-Singhara, 584
-Singia, or Singia Jur, also Singia Khar, or Beechnak, 636
-Sip Kullie, 544
-Sirool, 565
-Sirpund, 562
-Sirsom, or Seerkup, 566
-Sirunmaki, 568
-Sisoo, or Sishum, 624
-Sohaga, 620
-Sohora, 616
-Sohunjena, or Suhinjena, or Sajena, or Sekir, 618
-Somooder Lone, 581
-Somooder Phane, 580
-Somooderphill, 579
-Somoodersake, 582
-Somph, 605
-Sona, 604
-Sonamukie, 597
-Sonth, 606
-Soocherakhar, 553
-Sooderie, 610
-Sooe Junglie, 612
-Soogunass, 576
-Soomboolkhar, 591
-Soombullie, 599
-Soonchur, 608
-Soonkullie, 613
-Soopearee, 545
-Soopee, 603
-Soorinjoothka, 596
-Soorjemooki, 609
-Sooroon, 598
-Soorudijhall, 615
-Soorunkitki, 567
-Sooryalee, 561
-Soos, 600
-Soubustanee, 611
-Sowa, 607
-Sowall, 614
-Subskun, 546
-Sud Sohaung, 555
-Suda Khar, 556
-Sudagolab, 558
-Sudaphill, or Sudeephill, 557
-Suer, 601
-Suffrie Ambr, 574
-Sungjerahut, also Sungderaz, 594
-Sungjoothka, 595
-Sungkaholie, 586
-Sungtirra, 583
-Sunkh, 588
-Sunkhal, 593
-Sunkia, 592
-Sunn, 587
-Surphoka, also Soojer, 559
-Surwalla, 572
-Sussa, 573
-Sutarie, 547
-Suteepulas, 552
-Sutputtrie, 550
-Sutsar, 551
-Suwa, 602
-
-
-T.
-
-Taal, or Taar, 283
-Taalesputter, 284
-Taberuck, 286
-Takkur, 305
-Talmukara, or Talmukana, 282
-Tamaal, 312
-Tamaalputtur, 314
-Tanbirr, 285
-Tarkoota, or Terookhun, 294
-Tatyrie, 289
-Tawakeer, 320
-Tedhara, 292
-Teerun, 335
-Teetee, 337
-Teetur, 330
-Telk, 308
-Telkirur, or Telk˙r, 332
-Teluck, 307
-Tendhoo, also Tendook, 328
-Tendooa, 331
-Teraemanna, also Teraman, 229
-Terbile, 336
-Teriagundh, of Tirjatuck, 295
-Teroor, also great Dathun, 300
-Tersindiaturnie, 298
-Tesoo, 333
-Tezpat, 334
-Thour, 327
-Till, or Tillee, 309
-Tirdisha, 302
-Tirmirra, 297
-Tirnie, 301
-Tirpurnie, 304
-Tirtuck, 296
-Tittereck, also Tintereek, 290
-Tombrir, also Tombie, 321
-Toodun, 325
-Tooiekam, 324
-Toolsi, 310
-Toon, 315, 316
-Toor, 31
-Toott, 326
-Toour, 323
-Tubasheer, or Tubakeer, 287
-Tudje, also Keelkheela, 291
-Tuggur, 306
-Tomakoo, 311
-Tumbole, 318
-Tunkaar, 319
-Tuntureek, also Seem·k, 317
-Tuputtee, or Typsie, 288
-Turai, 322
-Turkool, 293
-Tym, 313
-Tyrphilla, 303
-
-
-V.
-
-Vaasun, also Bootee Shaikh Fureed, 1020
-Vcherkhar, 1021
-Veedoorie, also Bedoorie, 1022
-Veroojun, also Beroojun, 1023
-
-
-Z.
-
-Zachmeheath, 523
-Zeera, 521
-Zeerki, 522
-Zerki, also K·la Dana, 524
-Zumiekund, 525
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-APPENDIX.
-
- Page.
-
- Burning of hands and feet, 177
- Parts of human body, 178
- Tastes, ibid.
- Secretions or humours, ibid.
- Degrees, 179
- Weights, ibid.
- Abbreviations, ibid.
-
-
-
-N. B. A few articles contained in the original work, viz. Medicines
-principally used in sorcery and incantation, have been omitted with
-the Translator's permission. This renders the succession of Nos. of the
-articles irregular,--for instance, No. 72 follows next after No. 70.
-
-W. T.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-NOTE
-
-
-[1] Often tried with effect.
-
-
-
-
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-
-<div style='text-align:center; font-size:1.2em; font-weight:bold;'>The Project Gutenberg eBook of The Taleef Shereef, by Muhammad Sharif Khan</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin:1em 0'>
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and
-most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms
-of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online
-at <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org">www.gutenberg.org</a>. If you
-are not located in the United States, you will have to check the laws of the
-country where you are located before using this eBook.
-</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Title: The Taleef Shereef<br>
-Or, Indian Materia Medica</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Author: Muhammad Sharif Khan</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin-top:1em; margin-bottom:1em; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Translator: George Playfair</div>
-<div style='display:block;margin:1em 0'>Release Date: December 18, 2016 [eBook #53755]<br>
-[Most recently updated: February 17, 2021]</div>
-<div style='display:block;margin:1em 0'>Language: English</div>
-<div style='display:block;margin:1em 0'>Character set encoding: UTF-8</div>
-<div style='display:block; margin-left:2em; text-indent:-2em'>Produced by: Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed Proofreading Team</div>
-<div style='margin-top:2em;margin-bottom:4em'>*** START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TALEEF SHEREEF ***</div>
-
-<div class="front">
-<div class="div1 cover"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="figure xd24e551width"><img src="images/new-cover.jpg" alt=
-"Newly Designed Front Cover." width="480" height="720"></div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="transcribernote" id="notice">
-<h2 class="main">Notice</h2>
-<p class="par first">The medical knowledge represented in this book is
-several centuries old. The publication of this book is for historical
-interest only, and is not to be construed as medical advice by Project
-Gutenberg or its volunteers. Medicinal plants should not be used
-without consulting a trained medical professional. Medical science has
-made considerable progress since this book was written. Recommendations
-or prescriptions have been superseded by better alternatives, or
-invalidated altogether. This book contains a number of prescriptions
-that are very dangerous.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="div1 titlepage"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="figure xd24e562width"><img src="images/titlepage.png" alt=
-"Original Title Page." width="414" height="720"></div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="titlePage">
-<div class="docTitle">
-<div class="mainTitle">THE<br>
-TALEEF SHEREEF,</div>
-<br>
-<div class="mainTitle">OR<br>
-INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA;</div>
-</div>
-<div class="byline">TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL.<br>
-BY<br>
-<span class="docAuthor">GEORGE PLAYFAIR, <span class=
-"sc">Esq.</span></span><br>
-SUPERINTENDING SURGEON, BENGAL SERVICE.</div>
-<div class="docImprint">PUBLISHED BY<br>
-The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta.<br>
-Calcutta:<br>
-PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, CIRCULAR ROAD.<br>
-SOLD BY MESSRS. THACKER &amp; CO. CALCUTTA; &amp; BY MESSRS. PARBURY,
-ALLEN &amp; CO.<br>
-<span class="docDate">1833.</span></div>
-</div>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="xd24e605" href="#xd24e605" name=
-"xd24e605">iii</a>]</span></p>
-<div id="preface" class="div1 preface"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">TRANSLATOR&rsquo;S PREFACE.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">In the course of a practice of upwards of
-twenty-six years in India, I have often had occasion to regret, that I
-had no publication to guide me, in my wish to become acquainted with
-the properties of native medicines, which I had frequently seen, in the
-hands of the Physicians of Hindoostan, productive of the most
-beneficial effects in many diseases, for the cure of which our
-Pharmacopeia supplied no adequate remedy; and the few which I had an
-opportunity of becoming acquainted with, so far exceeded my
-expectations, that I determined to make a Translation of the present
-work, for my own gratification and future guidance.</p>
-<p class="par">Having finished the translation, I became convinced,
-that I should not have fulfilled the whole of my duty if I did not make
-it public; and ill calculated as I know myself for such an undertaking,
-I have ventured to offer it to the world, with all its
-imperfections.</p>
-<p class="par">Conscious, that the liberal minded will give me credit
-for the best of motives, I shall not dread criticism; and if it has the
-effect of inducing those more competent to the task to an inquiry into
-the properties of native medicines, my views will have been fully
-accomplished.</p>
-<p class="par">In writing the names of the different medicines, I have
-followed the Author&rsquo;s example, and have been guided solely by the
-pronunciation, without altering the sound given to the letters in
-English, and have not borrowed a single name from any work of Oriental
-literature. In this I may have acted wrong, but I did so from the
-conviction, that by this method, the names would be more familiar, and
-better understood, by the Natives in researches after the different
-drugs. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="xd24e617" href="#xd24e617" name=
-"xd24e617">iv</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">I have inserted as many of the systematic names as I
-could trace, both from Dr. Fleming&rsquo;s work, and those of others;
-but I regret, that I was not honored in the acquaintance of any
-Botanist who could have assisted me with more.</p>
-<p class="par">To the youth of the profession, I trust the work may be
-acceptable, by leading them to the knowledge, that such medicines are
-in existence; and my medical brethren of the higher grades may not deem
-further inquiry into the properties of native drugs beneath their
-notice.</p>
-<p class="par">To the profession at large, then, I beg leave to
-dedicate this Translation, with the hope, that they will make due
-allowance for all faults, and that some of the more experienced will
-favor us with another and better edition.</p>
-<p class="par">To my respected friends Messrs. Wilson and Twining, the
-profession is indebted, that this little work ever saw light; and
-though they are godfathers to none of its errors, yet without their
-encouragement and aid, it must have slumbered in oblivion, and remained
-as was intended, (after the failure of an attempt on the part of the
-translator,) a manual for his own private use. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="xd24e626" href="#xd24e626" name=
-"xd24e626">v</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="gloss" class="div1 glossary"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">GLOSSARY.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">Acouta,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Herpes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Aruk,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Distilled liquid.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Boolbul,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Indian Nightingale.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Badgola,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Splenitis.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Coir,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Fibrous substance surrounding the Cocoanut.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Daad,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Impetigo.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Dhats,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Component parts of the human frame.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Elaous,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Disease of the Intestines. Introsusception.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Fetuck,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Hernia.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Goor,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Unrefined Sugar.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Juzam,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Black Leprosy.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Jow,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Barley.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Junglie Chuha,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Forest Rat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Khoonadeer,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Khoonazeer? Lupus, Cancer.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Kunzeer,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cancer.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Mootiabin,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Total blindness, Gutta Serena.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Naringee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Orange.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Nachoona,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Opacity of the Cornea.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Neela Totha,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Sulphate of Copper.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Nuffsoodum,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">H&aelig;moptysis.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Pilau, Poolau,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dish made of meat and rice, seasoned with
-spices.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Peshanee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Forehead.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Paddy,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Rice in the husk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Panroque,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cold with Fever, also Jaundice.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Peendie,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">A formula for females.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Paan,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">A leaf, chewed by the Natives, with Catechu,
-Betel, and Lime.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Raal,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Gum Resin.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Rajerogue,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Carbuncle.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Soonpat,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Loss of sensation in parts of the body.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">Soorkhbad,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Erythema.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"><span class="pagenum">[<a id="xd24e785" href="#xd24e785"
-name="xd24e785">vii</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="errata" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">ERRATA.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first transcribernote">The following errata have been
-integrated in the text. Minor inconsistencies in the errata themselves
-have been ignored.</p>
-<div class="par">
-<div class="table">
-<table class="xd24e792">
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">Article</td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellTop"><a href="#p1">1</a></td>
-<td class="cellTop"></td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellTop"></td>
-<td class="cellTop">line</td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellTop">20</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;and.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>page</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">3</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">10</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;pealed&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;peeled.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">22</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;and stone.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p7">7</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
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-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">5</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1609;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p56">56</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">15</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1729;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p195">195</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
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-<td class="xd24e794">42</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1610;&#1603;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1610;&#1603;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p203">203</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
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-<td class="xd24e794">43</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1603;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p212">212</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p213">213</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1580; &#1670;&#1610;&#1606;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1580;
-&#1670;&#1610;&#1586;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p219">219</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">45</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1587;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p230">230</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">47</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">21</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;from,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;by.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">25</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;White leprosy <i>or</i>
-Juzam,&rsquo; <i>read</i> &lsquo;White leprosy <i>and</i>
-Juzam.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p238">238</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">48</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p252">252</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">51</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1604;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p266">266</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">53</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1582; &#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1580;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p267">267</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1577;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">12 &amp; 13</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;Urine, lithontriptic,
-affections,&rsquo; <i>read</i> &lsquo;Urine, are lithontriptic, useful
-in affections.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p271">271</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">54</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p272">272</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">29</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;bile.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p295">295</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">58</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;&#1608;&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;
-&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p317">317</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">62</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1610;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1578;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p324">324</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">63</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1575;&#1603;&#1609;
-&#1610;&#1608;&#1605;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1610;&#1603;&#1575;&#1605;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p351">351</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">67</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">17</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;are.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p383">383</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">71</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;Jamalgotay,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;Jamalgota.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p509">509</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">88</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;&#1606;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p515">515</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">89</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1606;
-&#1662;&#1729;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&rsquo; <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"xd24e1574" href="#xd24e1574" name="xd24e1574">viii</a>]</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Art.</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p523">523</a></td>
-<td>page</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">89</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1576;&#1670;&#1577;&#1605;&#1610;&#1578;&#1729;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1582;&#1605;&#1610;&#1729;&#1610;&#1575;&#1578;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p528">528</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">90</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p536">536</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">91</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;Saale,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;Saal;&rsquo; <i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p556">556</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">93</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1729;&#1604; &#1605;&#1585;&#1575;&#1585;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1582;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p629">629</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">106</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1610;&#1575;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1609;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p630">630</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1610;&#1603;&#1585;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1610;&#1603;&#1608;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p682">682</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">114</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;symptoms,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;disorders.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p747">747</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">124</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1602;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>,&rsquo;
-<i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p763">763</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">127</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit the concluding word</i>
-&lsquo;also.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p790">790</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">131</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1574;&#1608;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p835">835</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">140</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;Hawk,&rsquo; <i>and in line 6,
-for</i> &lsquo;Baar,&rsquo; <i>read</i> &lsquo;Baaz.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p840">840</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">141</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1578;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1578;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p857">857</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">144</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1608;&#1578;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</span>,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;<span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1578;&#1608;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p933">933</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">157</td>
-<td></td>
-<td class="xd24e794"></td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;Moonjee,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;Monje.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794"><a href="#p987">987</a></td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">166</td>
-<td>line</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">15</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>omit</i> &lsquo;and.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">&mdash;</td>
-<td>
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>line</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794">16</td>
-<td class="cellRight"><i>for</i> &lsquo;Cherdee,&rsquo; <i>read</i>
-&lsquo;Chordee.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>Article</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellBottom"><a href="#p1015">1015</a></td>
-<td class="cellBottom">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>page</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellBottom">172</td>
-<td class="cellBottom"></td>
-<td class="xd24e794 cellBottom"></td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom"><i>omit the concluding words</i>
-&lsquo;with great good success.&rsquo;</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb1" href="#pb1" name=
-"pb1">1</a>]</span></div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="body">
-<div id="taleef" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="super"><span class="corr" id="xd24e2081" title=
-"Not in source"><span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1601;
-&#1588;&#1585;&#1610;&#1601;</span></span></h2>
-<h2 class="super">THE TALEEF SHEREEF,<br>
-OR<br>
-<i>INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA</i>.</h2>
-<h2 class="sub">TRANSLATED FROM<br>
-THE ORIGINAL, WITH ADDITIONS.</h2>
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1575;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1</span> <span class=
-"sc">Am, Ambe, Anbe</span> <span lang="ur">&#1570;&#1605;
-&#1575;&#1605;&#1576;&#1577; &#1575;&#1606;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;The
-Fruit, <i>Mangifera Indica</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">The produce of a large tree very common in Hindostan.
-The fruit is about the size of, and very much resembling in shape, a
-goat&rsquo;s kidney, and having the external appearance of an apple.
-When ripe, it sometimes retains the green color, but oftener becomes
-yellow, or red and yellow.</p>
-<p class="par">The virtues ascribed to this tree, are as
-follows:&mdash;The bruised leaves and young shoots applied to the hair,
-expedite its growth, and considerably darken its color.</p>
-<p class="par">The bark of the trunk of the tree, and of its roots, is
-cooling and astringent; the former powerfully so. The leaves are
-astringent, and promote digestion; their ashes styptic.</p>
-<p class="par">The young flowers are cool and drying; have a pleasant
-aromatic scent, and when taken internally, are cooling and astringent;
-recommended for the cure of chronic Gonorrh&oelig;a or Gleet, purulent
-expectoration, bilious foulness of the blood and boils. The young
-unripe fruit has much acidity, and is drying; moderately used, it
-increases all the animal secretions, and is beneficial in chronic
-affections of the liver; it promotes appetite, and is lithonthriptic.
-The fruit, when ripe, is sweet, cooling, <a id="xd24e2121" name=
-"xd24e2121"></a>mucilaginous and heavy, tending to allay thirst, and
-useful in nervous affections; strengthens the system, restores impaired
-appetite, (is said to moderate an increased secretion of bile,) and
-improves the complexion. The fruit is of various sizes, from a few
-drachms to a <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb2" href="#pb2" name=
-"pb2">2</a>]</span>pound weight; but it is usually met with weighing
-about 4 ounces. It becomes acid about a month after the fall of the
-flower, in which state it is used as preserves, such as jellies,
-pickles, &amp;c.; at this time, too, it is used as seasoning for
-<i>Pilaus</i>, and other dishes; for when the stone or kernel has
-become hard, it is no longer fit for these purposes. When the fruit has
-attained its full growth, and when nearly ripe, it is to be taken from
-the tree, and put into dry grass, straw, or the leaves of the Palass
-tree, and there allowed to become ripe; this process deprives it of all
-acidity, and also prevents the formation of a resinous gum, which it
-contracts when allowed to ripen on the tree, and which renders it too
-pungent to be eaten with relish.</p>
-<p class="par">The fruit is in perfection in the hot winds, and when
-the rains commence, it ripens very fast; before the cold weather it is
-usually out of season.</p>
-<p class="par">There are some trees that blossom the whole year, and
-some few that even produce fruit; but instances of this are very
-rare.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a variety of this tree on which the fruit is
-sweet from its first formation; this requires to be used early,
-otherwise it will in all probability become a prey to insects.</p>
-<p class="par">Some trees produce fruit only once in 4 years. In
-general, it produces fruit in abundance every second year, and less in
-the alternate year; some are even perfectly barren every alternate
-year.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a mode of manuring this tree, which it is said
-improves the flavour of the fruit greatly; this is mixing the juice of
-its fruit with milk, and pouring it over the roots. It is also said to
-be possible to communicate the flavor of any particular fruit to the
-mangoe, by its expressed juice being made use of, as an application to
-the roots of the tree.</p>
-<p class="par">The kernel of the mangoe, roasted, is pleasant to the
-taste, and grateful to the stomach; it is much recommended in laxities
-of the bowels, and strengthens the <i>prim&aelig; vi&aelig;</i>; water
-drank after having eat of this kernel, seems to possess a flavor
-peculiarly excellent. The usual mode of preparing them, is to allow
-them to remain exposed to the rains, till the shell shall have become
-decayed; by this process it is deprived of any heating or irritating
-property. <span class="corr" id="xd24e2144" title=
-"Source: Perpared">Prepared</span> in this manner, and kept a short
-time in lime juice, taken out, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb3" href=
-"#pb3" name="pb3">3</a>]</span>bruised and mixed with salt, fennel,
-&amp;c, it is much extolled for strengthening the stomach, and
-promoting digestion.</p>
-<p class="par">If preserved for 3 years, pounded, and swallowed to the
-quantity of a tolah, with a little water, no medicine is preferable for
-strengthening bowels habitually lax.</p>
-<p class="par">In the acid state, the fruit is very prejudicial to
-those who have any disorders in their teeth, a cough, an affection of
-the chest, or who are subject to cholicky pain in the bowels, but very
-beneficial when used in irritable habits. The best method of using them
-is this. The acid unripe fruit, after the outer rind has been
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e2153" title=
-"Corrected by author from: pealed">peeled</span> off, is to be cut into
-thin slices, and infused for some hours in water; this water so
-impregnated, is to be drained off, mixed with a sufficient proportion
-of sugar, and used as sherbet. It produces a great relish for food, and
-is in other respects beneficial. The same effects are produced by the
-unripe fruit, being roasted and allowed to remain in water, as above
-mentioned. It is recommended in paralysis, from <i>coup de vent</i>.
-Many physicians have considered the mangoe to be of a cooling nature,
-but, in my opinion, it is heating in all its stages. The Yunani
-physicians have stated the ripe fruit to be hot in the 2d, and dry in
-the 3d degree.</p>
-<p class="par">Its virtues may be described in a few words. It
-strengthens the system, gives tone to the kidnies<a id="xd24e2163"
-name="xd24e2163"></a>, restores impaired appetite, &amp;c. It is
-aperient, improves the complexion, beneficial in piles, an useful
-deobstruent, braces and increases the bulk of the solids, and removes
-nervous affections. In some of these disorders I am inclined to doubt
-of its good effects, but such virtues are attributed to it. It is
-recommended, in order to prevent any bad effects from the fruit in its
-unripe state, that raisins be <span class="corr" id="xd24e2165" title=
-"Source: eat">eaten</span> with it. Hukeem Alwee Khan, a man of
-eminence in his profession in the reign of Mahommed Shah, says, that if
-ever this fruit disagreed with the system, it must have been eaten when
-unripe or green.</p>
-<p class="par">I had occasion to attend a gentleman of very high rank,
-who laboured under dropsy; I cured him of the disease, but 3 years
-afterwards, having <span class="corr" id="xd24e2170" title=
-"Source: eat">eaten</span> a large quantity of mangoes, the disease
-returned, and I have observed the same effects in other cases.</p>
-<p class="par">Hukeem Alli Mughphoor, physician, states, that
-influenced by the resemblance of the mangoe to the human kidney, he
-concluded <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb4" href="#pb4" name=
-"pb4">4</a>]</span>that it must be beneficial in that organ, (disorders
-of;) he therefore prescribed it in a case of hectic fever, arising from
-diseased kidney, and completely cured the disease. In this I differ
-from him entirely; he must have mistaken the nature of the complaint,
-for a remedy given expressly for the cure of a disease in the kidney,
-could <i>not</i>, at the same time, have removed the fever, excepting
-appropriate medicines had been administered along with it!!</p>
-<p class="par">The best mangoes are those having a thin juice, sweet
-and free from fibres; and they ought to be cooled in water or in ice,
-especially during the hot weather. It is preferable to use the juice of
-the fruit without eating any of the fibrous parts; a neglect of this
-may produce various disorders, such as indigestion, cholicky pains,
-&amp;c. It is very common to eat the expressed juice, mixed with sugar
-and other things, with rice, or with bread, but this is great
-imprudence; for in the most healthy subjects it may produce nausea, and
-general uneasiness.</p>
-<p class="par">Should any ill effects follow the use of the mangoe,
-milk, or the kernel of the fruit, will be found a corrector. My
-father&rsquo;s opinion is, that these are not the only remedies; for if
-it produces any heating effect, curdled milk will give relief, or even
-cold water, or acidulated sherbet, and he himself was always in the
-habit of using the <i>Phalsa</i> sherbet on these occasions.</p>
-<p class="par">Should cholic be produced, the Oil of Almonds or other
-sweet oils, will remove the complaint; and a diarrh&oelig;a is to be
-cured by the use of the kernel; and a swelling of the abdomen, by milk,
-in which a little ginger has been mixed; or even ginger by itself will
-have the effect</p>
-<p class="par">A substitute for mangoe, as a medicine, may be had in
-Chobe Cheenee.</p>
-<p class="par">In general, it will be adviseable to abstain from the
-use of the mangoe, till 2 or 3 showers of rain have fallen; but those
-of a cold phlegmatic or melancholic temperament do not require to be so
-particular.</p>
-<p class="par">Those for whose complaints mangoes have been
-recommended, have in a few months derived great benefit from their use,
-by eating them with camel&rsquo;s milk. There are many kinds of this
-fruit, and their names are as various; but the stronger the scent, the
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb5" href="#pb5" name=
-"pb5">5</a>]</span>more effectual they are as a medicine. In Persian it
-is called <i>Nugzuck</i>.</p>
-<p id="p2" class="par"><span class="parNum">2</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aramsheetul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1570; &#1585;&#1575;&#1605;
-&#1587;&#1610;&#1578;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Pungent and cooling; useful
-in bilious and catarrhal complaints; also recommended in foulness of
-the blood.</p>
-<p id="p3" class="par"><span class="parNum">3</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akaholie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Vermifuge,
-also recommended in bilious and catarrhal disorders, in seminal
-weakness and gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p4" class="par"><span class="parNum">4</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1583;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Arhir</i>.</p>
-<p id="p5" class="par"><span class="parNum">5</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anula</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span>. (<span class=
-"sc">nasal N.</span>)&mdash;Or <i>Amle</i>, (<i>Phyllanthus
-emblica</i>, W. Murray IV. 127, <i>Myrobolans</i>.) The fruit round,
-like a plum. The tree like that of the tamarind, of a pleasant acid,
-and sweetish astringent taste. It is aperient, cooling, and drying; of
-great use in eruptions of the skin, arising from a redundance of bile.
-Other virtues ascribed to this fruit may be found in all Yunani works.
-It is also called <i>Bidjee</i> and <i>Dhatri Phill</i>, used by the
-natives for cleansing the hair.</p>
-<p id="p6" class="par"><span class="parNum">6</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aru</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A
-variety of plum, much resembling the common sort, both in the tree and
-fruit; it however possesses more acidity, and is less easy of
-digestion.</p>
-<p id="p7" class="par"><span class="parNum">7</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abi</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e2280" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1575;&#1604;&#1608;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1609;</span></span>.&mdash;<i>Pyrus Cidonia.</i>
-The Quince; slightly astringent, and cool in a great degree; heavy and
-difficult of digestion, yet it is gently laxative and expectorant, and
-is recommended for strengthening the powers of virility. In Arabic
-<i>Siffirjill</i>, Persian <i>Behi</i>.</p>
-<p id="p8" class="par"><span class="parNum">8</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aak</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;<i>Arug</i>, <i>Mudar</i>,
-<i>Asclepias gigantea</i>. A milky shrub, very common all over India;
-its pod resembles a mangoe, but rather longer in proportion: when ripe
-it breaks, and is found filled with a white substance, resembling silk,
-to which the seeds are fixed. The leaves of the plant resemble the
-<i>Dak</i>, but are somewhat smaller: its height is generally from 1 to
-1&frac12; yard; when its leaves or stalk are broken, a white milky
-liquid exudes. There are two kinds, white and red; both are purgatives,
-violently so. It is said to be beneficial in the following disorders.
-Foulness of the blood, bilious affections, Juzam, Psora, Z&aelig;rbad,
-boils, cuticular eruptions, diseases of the liver, visceral
-obstructions, h&aelig;morrhoids, <i>all internal</i> diseases, dropsy
-and worms.</p>
-<p class="par">(&ldquo;Many and wonderful virtues are ascribed to this
-plant; but I must refer those who have faith in charms to the original
-<i>Taleef <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb6" href="#pb6" name=
-"pb6">6</a>]</span>Shereef</i>, when their curiosity will be amply
-gratified.&rdquo; Translator.)</p>
-<p class="par">All the above virtues have been ascribed to this plant;
-my opinion is, that the application of the leaves is useful in
-swellings, promotes suppuration in indolent tumors, and cures eruptions
-on the skin. The milk blisters, and if applied to the eye, it produces
-swelling, itchiness, and loss of vision. The powder of the root, mixed
-with goat&rsquo;s blood and fresh butter, and applied to the eye, is
-said materially to strengthen vision. In other works it is said, that
-the milk of every variety of this plant is poisonous, and violently
-cathartic.</p>
-<p id="p9" class="par"><span class="parNum">9</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aal</span> <span lang="ur">&#1570;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Mujeet</i>, <i>Rubia</i>, <i>Madder</i>, a wood used for dyeing a
-red color, and forming a principal article of commerce in some parts of
-India. In the &ldquo;<i>Dhara Shakoi</i>&rdquo; it is called
-<i>Mujeet</i>, but I suspect that they are different plants, as the
-<i>Mujeet</i> is thin, and of a fine red color; whereas the <i>Aal</i>
-is blackish, with a tinge of yellow, though not thicker than the
-other.</p>
-<p id="p10" class="par"><span class="parNum">10</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aditt Bagut</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1583;&#1578;
-&#1576;&#1607;&#1711;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;In Persian, <i>Aftab
-Perust</i>, <i>Helianthus Annuus</i>. The sun-flower; the name of a
-flower called also <i>Soorujmookee</i>. The stem grows straight about a
-man&rsquo;s height; the leaves are broad and triangular, the flower
-circular, flat and yellow, with serrated edges, and it is said to
-follow the sun in his diurnal progress. There are two kinds, a small
-and greater; their medical properties the same; they are bitter to the
-taste, and heating in a considerable degree. It is beneficial in
-cholicks, dropsical affections, foulness of stomach, and rheumatism; it
-also improves appetite, and promotes expectoration in cases of cold,
-accompanied by fever.</p>
-<p id="p11" class="par"><span class="parNum">11</span> <span class=
-"sc">Area</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1608;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A culinary fruit
-resembling the cucumber, and grows in the rainy season; it is so
-cooling that it produces pains all over the body; it is moreover
-difficult of digestion, and if taken in any quantity produces
-fever.</p>
-<p id="p12" class="par"><span class="parNum">12</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anwul (Nasal)</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A large tree very
-common in India, which when in flower, has a very beautiful appearance;
-its flowers are yellow, resembling those of the <i>Cassia</i>. There
-are two kinds of this, one called <i>Mahedi Anwul</i>. Of this also
-there are two varieties. It is cooling, and the medicinal properties of
-all varieties are the same. It is used with good effect in bilious
-vomitings, and also in <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb7" href="#pb7"
-name="pb7">7</a>]</span>leprous affections of the skin. It is
-recommended in weakness of the eyes, asthma, affections of the chest,
-and foulness of blood. It strengthens the weak and emaciated, and
-braces the solids when relaxed by disease or otherwise.</p>
-<p id="p13" class="par"><span class="parNum">13</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aruk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1593;&#1585;&#1602;
-&#1575;&#1585;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;This name is indiscriminately given
-to four different kinds of trees; <i>Nowa</i>, <i>Cutel</i>,
-<i>Burhil</i> and <i>Taar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p14" class="par"><span class="parNum">14</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aloo</span> (Bochara) <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;
-&#1576;&#1582;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of plum.</p>
-<p id="p15" class="par"><span class="parNum">15</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abnoos</span> (Ebony) <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1606;&#1608;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A large tree,
-producing a sweet fruit like grapes. Its leaves resemble those of the
-<i>Sinobir</i>, but are somewhat broader: it is an evergreen, and its
-wood is, when good and full-grown, dark-colored and durable; its leaves
-are smooth and glassy; its properties said to be very active and
-deleterious; it is heating in a considerable degree, and is said to be
-lithonthriptic. It dispels flatulency, and cures tympanites. It is
-recommended in chronic affections of the liver. Filings or raspings of
-the wood are styptic, and its charcoal more so; a decoction of the
-wood, in spirits, is very effectual in discussing scrophulous tumours,
-when externally applied.</p>
-<p class="par">The raspings of the wood, mixed with whites of eggs, is
-an excellent application to scalds and burns; they are also famed for
-cleaning deep foul ulcers, and inducing the growth of healthy
-granulation.</p>
-<p class="par">Taken internally, the dose is 10&frac12; Mashas, and
-should it disagree with the stomach, which it often does, honey, or Gum
-Arabic, with sweet basil, are correctors. The large <i>Baer Tree</i>,
-(<i>Konar</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e2463" title=
-"Source: ,)">),</span> is a good substitute for the <i>Abnoos</i>;
-quality, hot 3, dry 2. Persian <i>Awnoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p16" class="par"><span class="parNum">16</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anbihildee</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;
-&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Curcuma zedoaria</i>,
-(Rox.) <i>Amomum Zed.</i> Wildenow. An Indian root, hot and dry in the
-2d degree; useful in herpes, and foulness of the blood, and much
-esteemed as an external application in wounds and bruises, for which it
-is also internally exhibited: orange juice used as a vehicle, corrects,
-in some degree, its heating quality; or if this be not procurable,
-Bapahic, or the seed of the Penwur, or Turmeric, will have the same
-effect; the medicine may be given to the quantity of 3&frac12;
-Masha.</p>
-<p id="p17" class="par"><span class="parNum">17</span> <span class=
-"sc">Apurjeeta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1662;&#1585;&#1580;&#1610;&#1578;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Clitoria
-ternatea</i>, Crow&rsquo;s beak, a twining shrub. The natives call it
-<i>Kowwa Thontee</i>, which literally signifies <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb8" href="#pb8" name="pb8">8</a>]</span>crow&rsquo;s
-beak, also <i>Neelisbund</i>; the plant is about a foot and a half
-high, and sometimes less, resembling the <i>Cungheiy</i>, only the
-leaves of the latter are smooth and polished, while those of the former
-are rough and hard; both the Apurjeeta and the variety Neelisbund, are
-cooling. It is beneficial in weakness of sight, in clearing the voice
-and soreness of the throat, and is useful in the poisonous bites of
-leeches. It is also of use in rheumatic affections of the joints,
-Juzam, bilious disorders, mucous discharge from the lungs or bowels; it
-allays general heat, and is said to be an antidote to certain poisonous
-substances, and of great efficacy in hard indolent tumours, and
-affections of the skin.</p>
-<p id="p18" class="par"><span class="parNum">18</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abruc</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1576;&#1585;&#1602;</span>.&mdash;<i>Talc</i>, A fossil
-substance, beneficial in seminal weakness, redundance of bile, mucus,
-&amp;c. An antidote to poison. The physicians of Hindostan prepare it
-for use by calcination. Arabic, <i>Tulk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p19" class="par"><span class="parNum">19</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abhea</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1607;&#1609;&#1569;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Hurr</i>; it also signifies the water of life, and a medicine called
-<i>Guloe</i>.</p>
-<p id="p20" class="par"><span class="parNum">20</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aotungun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1578;&#1606;&#1711;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A very common
-seed, resembling coriander. In powder it is recommended as giving
-strength to the system, and rendering Aphrodisie more permanent. It is
-a very favorite medicine in India. It is, moreover, useful in Nephritia
-and liver complaints, and it is very innocent in its operation. Some
-physicians describe it as hot and dry, in a considerable degree, and
-disagreeing with the stomach; they, therefore, recommend it to be taken
-with a proportion of sugar. In all its properties the <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e2556" title=
-"Source: Madentuzeerabad">Maadentezerrubad</span> states the Bonphilly
-to be nearly the same; dose 4&frac14; Mashas.</p>
-<p id="p21" class="par"><span class="parNum">21</span> <span class=
-"sc">Atees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1578;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;The root. Of this there
-are two kinds, a white and black, and both are very common. The white
-kind resembles the <i>Jedwaar</i>; the root is very irregular in
-thickness. It frequently is found resembling the white <i>Bahmen</i>.
-Both kinds are bitter, astringent, pungent, and heating; aiding
-digestion, useful in dysentery, vomiting, and piles.</p>
-<p id="p22" class="par"><span class="parNum">22</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjmode</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1580;&#1605;&#1608;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;Bishop&rsquo;s
-Weed, <i>Sisson Ammi</i>, (Linn.) <i>Amoos</i>, (Arab.) <i>Ajooan</i>,
-(Hind.) <i>Nemkha</i>, P. <i>Ajamodum</i>, S. A hot seed, stomachic
-cordial and stimulant. (<i>Ajmood</i>, Parsley? Taylor. <i>Apium
-Involucratum.</i>) <i>Apium Involucratum</i>, Rox. M. S. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb9" href="#pb9" name="pb9">9</a>]</span><span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e2612" title="Not in source">&ldquo;</span>Sp. Ch.
-Annual, glaucous, villous, superior leaflets filiform, both general and
-partial, involucra, about 6 leaved.&rdquo; Bitter and pungent, light
-and heating, increases appetite, induces costiveness, and strengthens
-the vital energy; increases the seminal secretion, and removes pains
-and other disorders, the consequence of colds; beneficial in nausea, is
-vermifuge, relieves hiccup, and is useful in Dysuria, but it produces
-heat in the abdomen. It is called <i>Curufs</i>, but it is only a
-variety of this, and is something betwixt that and Aniseed, though this
-may be owing to the difference of cultivation.</p>
-<p id="p23" class="par"><span class="parNum">23</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjwain</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1580;&#1608;&#1575;&#1574;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Anise
-Seed. In Arabic, <i>Aneesoon</i>. <i>Pimpinella Anisum</i>, Linn.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Ujwain.</i> The seed of a plant of the Dill
-kind, Taylor. <i>Ligusticum Adjwaen</i>, Roxb. Sp. Ch. annual, erect,
-leaves super de compound, with filiform leaflets, ridges and furrows of
-the seeds distinct and scabrous. This is what is recommended to notice
-by Dr. Percival, under the name <i>Ajava</i> seed.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A species of the above, of which there are two kinds,
-one of which is called <i>Juhar</i>; both are bitter, pungent, and
-aromatic; it resembles the <i>Ajmode</i>, but is smaller, and has a
-strong aromatic scent. It assists digestion, improves appetite, is
-useful in rheumatism and catarrhal affections; is vermifuge, beneficial
-in dropsy, dispels flatulence, and is highly extolled in flatulent
-cholic. A. <i>Nanchoa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p24" class="par"><span class="parNum">24</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjwain</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1580;&#1608;&#1575;&#1574;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.<br id=
-"p25">
-<br>
-<span class="parNum">25</span> <span class="sc">Khorasanee</span>
-<span lang="ur">&#1582;&#1585;
-&#1575;&#1587;&#1575;&#1606;&#1609;</span>. &ldquo;<i>Hyosciamus
-niger</i>, Linn. Black Henbane. Narcotic. Corrector,
-Vinegar.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">This plant grows thick from the root, and is covered
-with a hairy down. The seeds are contained within a hard thick shell,
-and the leaves are like those of the pomegranate flower. The pod is
-filled with seeds of a small irregular shape. There is a plant called
-<i>Hulbeh</i>, which resembles this, but is smaller. A.
-<i>Buzurulbunje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p26" class="par"><span class="parNum">26</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1580;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Or <i>Adjain</i>, a
-large tree, with wide spreading branches, in size approaching that of
-the mangoe; its leaves growing close, and also resembling those of the
-mangoe tree, but longer and thinner; the fruit is about 1&frac12; foot
-long, and very thin.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">27</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akhroat</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1582;&#1585;&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The
-Walnut, <i>Juglans regia</i>, Linn.&rdquo; This is a native of hilly
-countries; its leaves are like the Terpat; the fruit <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb10" href="#pb10" name="pb10">10</a>]</span>is sweet
-to the taste, heating, and heavy; it loosens the bowels, and restores
-strength; it is useful in rheumatic affections, increases mental energy
-and the powers of manhood, and gives relief in flying pains in the
-stomach. A. <i>Jouz</i>.</p>
-<p id="p28" class="par"><span class="parNum">28</span> <span class=
-"sc">Andaluck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-grain.</p>
-<p id="p29" class="par"><span class="parNum">29</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aderuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1583;&#1585;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Ginger,
-<i>Amomum zinziber</i>, Linn. <i>Amomum zinziber</i>, Wild.
-<i>Adraca</i>, S. <i>Sonth</i> (dried root,) H. <i>Sunthi</i>,
-S.&rdquo; A very common root, the stem of which is knotty, and from
-every knot, a leaf is produced; it is hot and heavy; promotes digestion
-if eaten before meals, mixed with Lahore salt, (rock salt;) it prevents
-flatulent swellings in the stomach and bowels. P. <i>Zinzibeel tur</i>.
-It is much extolled as a stomachic when prepared as sweetmeats; but if
-the syrup be allowed to dry, it spoils, becomes less grateful to the
-taste, and its heating quality is much increased.</p>
-<p id="p30" class="par"><span class="parNum">30</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arnee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, in
-height that of the Peach tree, but it is full of branches from the root
-upwards, and the leaves are like those of the <i>Sumhaloo</i>; it is
-heating, and beneficial in rheumatic complaints and swellings from
-cold. In the Dhintri it is described as oleaginous and heavy; effectual
-in Jaundice, increasing appetite, loosening the bowels, and removing
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p31" class="par"><span class="parNum">31</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arhir</span> or <span class="sc">Toor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1607;&#1585; &#1608;
-&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cytisus cajan.</i>&rdquo;
-Some consider these as distinct species, but in my opinion <i>Toor</i>
-is only <i>Arhir</i> in an overgrown state. The plant grows to the
-height of a yard and half; and the taste of the pea of the <i>Arhir</i>
-is preferable to that of the <i>Toor</i>. <i>Toor</i> is sown and cut
-down at the same time as the sugar-cane; whereas the <i>Arhir</i> is
-sown, and cut with the barley. The pod of the <i>Toor</i> is larger
-than that of the <i>Arhir</i>; and the former has an unpleasant smell,
-which is wanting in the latter; they are both used very commonly as
-food, all over India. It is in its properties cool and dry, and
-produces costiveness; it is useful in bilious and catarrhal disorders,
-and in foulness of the blood. It is even said to be an antidote to
-poisons. In its taste it is sweet, like that of the <i>Cassela</i>. I
-conceive it hot in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree, and recommend it
-for strengthening the stomach. When used as food it is heavy; but is
-beneficial in complaints having their origin in cold. If twice scalded
-in hot water, before it is boiled, it will cause less thirst; and if
-boiled in milk, or whey, it becomes less <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb11" href="#pb11" name="pb11">11</a>]</span>heating. A decoction of
-the leaves is recommended as a wash for the mouth, in cases of
-toothache, and diseases of the teeth. P. <i>Shakool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p32" class="par"><span class="parNum">32</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aord</span>, or <i>Aort</i>, or <i>Mash</i>. <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1588;</span>.&mdash;vide M. (<i>Phaseolus
-Max.</i>)</p>
-<p id="p33" class="par"><span class="parNum">33</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arne&rsquo;</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The wild buffaloe. Its
-flesh recommended in Marasmus. P. <i>Gowmeche Serhaie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p34" class="par"><span class="parNum">34</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arnd</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1672;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Castor,
-<i>Ricinus communis</i>, W. <i>Palma Christi</i>.<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e2870" title="Not in source">&rdquo;</span> Wildenow says,
-&ldquo;<span lang="la">Planta semper annua, nunquam fructicosa vel
-arborea, nec in calidissimis terr&aelig; plagis
-liguescit.</span>&rdquo; But this is incorrect; for the plant is
-perennial, and becomes a moderate sized tree. The natives, however,
-have a prejudice against allowing it to grow beyond 3 or 4 years, and
-even this is only in solitary places. The chief reason I fancy is, that
-it interferes with the cultivation of the soil, if permitted to remain.
-They usually sow it with grain, and reap the grain crop before it has
-attained its full height; this they can do annually, but seed sown
-under its shelter the second year, would not succeed.</p>
-<p class="par">A shrub, with broad soft leaves, like the fig tree; it
-grows about 6 or 8 feet in height; the root is hollow, and without flaw
-or wrinkle; the seed grows in bunches like grapes, and the shell of the
-pod, which resembles gall-nuts, is covered with soft prickles. The seed
-is like the coffee bean, and is stained with different colored spots,
-so as to appear like marbled paper; the kernel is white, soft, and
-oleaginous. There are two kinds of this; one with a red, the other with
-a green pod; the former is culled <i>Jongia Arnde</i>; both varieties
-are sweet, heating, and heavy. The oil of the kernel is useful in
-removing obstinate constrictions of the intestines, when given warm;
-also in flatulency; rheumatic swellings of the joints and lumbago; in
-strangury, spasms in the urinary bladder, headaches, dropsy, and
-feverish complaints. It is also recommended as an expectorant in
-difficulty of breathing, and in cough; in affections of the skin, and
-in superabundance of mucus in the intestines. It is a warm, stimulating
-purgative; the dose one or two table spoonsful. Both my father, uncle,
-and I, have used it with great success, in cases of obstinate cholic
-from costiveness. They also used the leaves moistened with <i>ghee</i>,
-as an external application in rheumatic pains and swellings. If the
-seeds are bruised, and mixed with curdled milk, and allowed to remain
-in this state till <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb12" href="#pb12"
-name="pb12">12</a>]</span>they become putrid, they form an excellent
-application for the cure of itch, and usually succeed in 7 or 8 days.
-It has also been said, that if one of the kernels be taken at first,
-and daily increased by one, till 100 are taken, and then decreased in
-the same gradual manner, it will cure Juzam, and other kinds of
-Leprosy.</p>
-<p id="p35" class="par"><span class="parNum">35</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arusa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1649;&#1585;&#1608;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for the
-<i>Baan Tree</i>; vide <i>Bansa</i>. In the <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e2904" title="Source: Maadentezerubad">Maadentezerrubad</span>, it
-is thus described:&mdash;<i>Arusa</i> is a medicine of Hindoostan, hot
-and moist, or in the opinion of some writers, cool and moist, in the 2d
-degree: half an ounce of the juice, with as much honey, is a cure for
-hoarseness, or loss of voice; and used with the fruit of the Peepul
-tree, it increases appetite, and corrects mucous discharges. A
-decoction of the leaves in water, is useful in Jaundice, difficulty of
-breathing, Gonorrh&oelig;a, and hectic fever. As a gargle it
-strengthens the gums; and the leaves bruised, and taken in honey or
-water, cure Epistaxis, H&oelig;matemesis, Nausea, Vertigo, and
-Suppression of the menses.</p>
-<p id="p36" class="par"><span class="parNum">36</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arjun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1681;&#1580;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A tree, also the fruit;
-hot and astringent; useful in bilious affections, and in prostration of
-strength from fatigue, and an antidote to poisons. Its use is
-interdicted in disorders arising from cold; also in ulcers: but
-externally applied it cleanseth foul sores, and promotes healthy
-granulation. It prolongs Aphrodisia, strengthens the system, and
-expedites the union of divided parts. Some physicians call it cooling.
-<i>Pentaptera Arjuna.</i></p>
-<p id="p37" class="par"><span class="parNum">37</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arloo</span>, <i>Catoombura</i>, or <i>Sheunag</i>, <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, a
-native of the hills; it is pungent, beneficial in loosening phlegm, and
-promoting appetite; it produces costiveness, and is vermifuge, and
-recommended in Juzam. It is an ingredient in the <i>Dusmool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p38" class="par"><span class="parNum">38</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arvie</span>, or <i>Arum Colocasia</i>, <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1585;&#1608;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A root and seed. It is
-about 3 inches long, more or less, and when the outer rind is removed
-it is white. Its stem is about 3 feet in height; its leaves large like
-a shield, with the points reflected; in consistence and polish it is
-like the plaintain leaf. It is also called Cutchaloo, but the different
-names are only applied with propriety to different parts of the same
-root; the <i>Cutchaloo</i> being more like a <i>Byngun</i> or
-Egg-plant. They are both in general use in India. The <i>Arvie</i> is
-dressed with meat, and the <i>Cutchaloo</i> is roasted; the leaves and
-shoots are also commonly eaten. Its properties, I can declare from
-experience, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb13" href="#pb13" name=
-"pb13">13</a>]</span>are in a small degree cool; and it is useful in
-giving strength to the system; prevents the involuntary emission of
-semen; it produces wind, and is heavy and hurtful to the throat Its
-corrector is acids, and being repeatedly washed in water. The
-<i>Cutchaloo</i> is the most powerful, and the most hurtful of the two
-kinds. A. <i>Culdass</i>, at least it is so stated; but in the Yunani
-works, there is a material difference; as the <i>Culdass</i> is
-described, therefore, it is doubtful to me whether they are one and the
-same.</p>
-<p id="p39" class="par"><span class="parNum">39</span> <span class=
-"sc">Armeede</span>, <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1605;&#1610;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-cucumber.</p>
-<p id="p40" class="par"><span class="parNum">40</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aorde Gunta</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1585;&#1583;&#1609;
-&#1711;&#1607;&#1606;&#1657;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Satawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p41" class="par"><span class="parNum">41</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aistullkund</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1578;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The name of a root; also called
-<i>Gir&agrave;mkund</i>; also a variety of the medicine
-<i>Maankund</i>: it promotes phlegm, and corrects bile and wind; it is
-also useful in foulness of the blood and general swellings. The other
-kind is useful in foulness of blood, and in bilious affections; it is
-sweet, cool, and heavy. It is likewise called
-<i>Istol&eacute;kund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p42" class="par"><span class="parNum">42</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asperuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1662;&#1585;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Akl&eacute;el ul Mulk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p43" class="par"><span class="parNum">43</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asgund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;<i>Physalis
-flexuosa.</i> A very common white root, also called
-<i>Asgund&rsquo;h</i>, about half a yard long, like the sweet potatoe,
-(<i>Convolvulus batatas</i>.) When thin and dry, it resembles the
-<i>Sh&uacute;k&aacute;kul mysrie</i>, (carrot;) its leaves are very
-like those of the <i>kuth</i>, (<i>Mimosa catechu</i>,) but rather
-less. It grows about a yard along the ground; its taste is astringent
-and bitter; it is hot, and strengthens the powers of virility; removes
-bilious and mucous affections; is beneficial in general swellings, and
-white leprosy.</p>
-<p class="par">Some give this name to the <i>Kaknej</i>, or Winter
-Cherry. In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus described.
-<i>Asgund</i> is a medicine of Hindoostan; the best sort of which is
-procurable at Nagour. It is hot and dry in the 1st degree. The people
-of India use in its stead, the <i>Soorinjan</i>, (the
-<i>Hermodactylus</i>.) It is especially beneficial in pains of the
-joints. The root, when arrived at perfection, has a strong scent of the
-horse; from which circumstance it has in India, derived its name; Asp,
-signifying the horse, and Gund, smell: it is also called
-<i>Bajecund</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">If 3 drachms of the root be boiled in 2 pounds of
-cow&rsquo;s milk, and 1 ounce of sugar mixed with it, and this taken
-for 14 days, it increases peculiar secretions, and improves the
-complexion. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb14" href="#pb14" name=
-"pb14">14</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p44" class="par"><span class="parNum">44</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Padmunie</i>,
-a variety of <i>Kunwul</i>. The Lotus, (<i>Nymph&aelig;a Nelumbo</i>,)
-which is produced on dry land. It is sweet, bitterish, and cool; is
-useful in vomiting, Diarrh&oelig;a, and foulness of the blood.</p>
-<p id="p45" class="par"><span class="parNum">45</span> <span class=
-"sc">Astull</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1578;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Bunt&agrave;ki</i>,
-a name for <i>Buratha</i>; it means a large <i>Byngun</i>, or
-Egg-fruit; the plant being the same.</p>
-<p id="p46" class="par"><span class="parNum">46</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aspurka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1662;&#1585;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;Cool and light;
-promotes peculiar secretions, and is useful in various disorders: it
-removes offensive exhalations; moderates profuse sweats; is beneficial
-in dropsy; restores strength; cures emaciation; and is an antidote to
-poisons.</p>
-<p id="p47" class="par"><span class="parNum">47</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoshire</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1649;&#1587;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;<i>Kuss kuss.</i>
-<i>Ooseer?</i> <i>Andropogon muricatum</i>, K&oelig;nig. A name for
-<i>Kuss kuss</i>. In the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, it is called
-<i>Aosire</i>, and is described as the root of the grass <i>kuss</i>,
-with which houses are made cool in the hot weather. It is cool, and
-assists digestion, cures laxity of the bowels, and is useful in bilious
-affections, foulness of blood, and superabundance of mucus; allays
-thirst, is a grateful application to blistered parts, or where much
-heat is experienced; beneficial in difficulty of voiding urine, in
-boils and eruptions, and prolongs aphrodisia.</p>
-<p id="p48" class="par"><span class="parNum">48</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asteghoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1587;&#1578;&#1711;&#1729;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;An
-article of food, made by mixing one part of <i>Moong</i>, with two
-parts of rice, boiling them together, and pouring off the water, with
-which is to be mixed rock salt, assaf&oelig;tida, coriander, ginger,
-and peepul. This is an excellent drink in fevers, in bilious
-affections, and foulness of the blood; it increases appetite, and
-clears, and gives tone to the kidnies and bladder.</p>
-<p id="p49" class="par"><span class="parNum">49</span> <span class=
-"sc">Apheem</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1601;&#1610;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;(<i>Papaver
-somniferum</i>.) Of this there are four kinds; the 1st, which is white,
-is called <i>Chaarun</i>, (promoting digestion;) the 2d, <i>Maarun</i>,
-is black; the 3d yellow, and the 4th, of all these colours mixed,
-called <i>Saarun</i>. Its properties are well known, and fully detailed
-in all Yunani works on medicine.</p>
-<p id="p50" class="par"><span class="parNum">50</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aginmunt</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1711;&#1606;
-&#1605;&#1606;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;<i>Agwunt.</i> Names of
-<i>Arnee</i>; q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p51" class="par"><span class="parNum">51</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agust</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1711;&#1587;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;(<i>&AElig;schynomene
-Grandiflora.</i>) A tree, cool and dry, producing flatulence, curing
-bile, foulness of blood, and mucus; also fever. Its flowers beneficial
-in improving the sense of smelling, and in night blindness.</p>
-<p id="p52" class="par"><span class="parNum">52</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akroat</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1585;&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Akhroat</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb15" href="#pb15" name=
-"pb15">15</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p53" class="par"><span class="parNum">53</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akirkirra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1602;&#1585;&#1602;&#1585;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;or
-<i>Akirkirrh&agrave;</i>, (<i>Dranculus</i>.) In Yunani works called
-discutient and alternant.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Anthemis Pyrethrum</i>, Linn. Pelletory of
-Spain, Ainslie. Off. The Root. <i>Pyrethre</i>, (F.) <i>Eaher
-Wustrell</i>, (G.) <i>Akk&aacute;r&aacute;c&aacute;rum</i>, (Tam.)
-Powerful stimulant, useful as a sialagogue, to excite an increased flow
-of saliva; hence useful in headache, rheumatism of the face, toothache,
-in paralysis of the tongue and muscles of the throat.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p54" class="par"><span class="parNum">54</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Dry and light, useful
-in affections of the eyes; it also promotes the secretion of bile. A.
-<i>Oodh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p55" class="par"><span class="parNum">55</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agunie Char</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1606;&#1609;
-&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Pungent and very hot. In
-rheumatic affections of the chest, <i>Soonpat</i> from mucus, and
-rheumatic pains in the joints, it is highly beneficial. This medicine
-is the produce of the western provinces of India; and the best kind is
-red, and feels hot to the touch; it is found by the sides of
-rivers.</p>
-<p id="p56" class="par"><span class="parNum">56</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akasbele</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e3312" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1575;&#1603;&#1587; &#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1610;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1729;&#1577;</span></span>.&mdash;<i>Cuscuta
-reflexa</i>, a name for <i>Afteemoon</i>, (Dodder of Thyme.)</p>
-<p id="p57" class="par"><span class="parNum">57</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alsi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1604;&#1587;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Linum
-Usitatissimum</i>, W. <i>Atasi</i>, S. <i>Tesi</i>, H. Emollient and
-demulcent.&rdquo; Grows about 1&frac12; foot high; its leaves are thin,
-and its flower of the color of Lapis lazuli. In India it is supposed to
-decrease the secretion of semen, and to weaken sight; it is hot, and
-said to be discutient; it is useful in phlegm from cold. A.
-<i>Buzz&uacute;rkatan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p58" class="par"><span class="parNum">58</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1649;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The owl. Those who eat its
-flesh may expect to be deprived of all reasoning faculties, with loss
-of memory. It produces much wind, and is called in Persian, Boom.</p>
-<p class="par">The women of India frequently give it to their husbands,
-that by the mental weakness it produces, they may obtain more liberty
-of conduct than might otherwise be agreeable.</p>
-<p id="p59" class="par"><span class="parNum">59</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alaechee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;&#1610;&#1670;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Kakla</i>. &ldquo;<i>Amomum Cardamomum</i>, Wild. <i>Amomum
-Repens</i>, Wood, vol. II. p. 356.&rdquo; It is of two kinds, and very
-common. The tree is very large, its leaves resemble those of the sugar
-cane, of the length of a man; it is very fragrant, and both kinds are
-nearly alike in properties. The physicians of India call it moderately
-cool, aromatic, and bitter; and that it is useful in bilious
-affections, rheumatic complaints, and superabundance of mucus; it is
-likewise said to decrease Aphrodisia, and to be prejudicial
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb16" href="#pb16" name=
-"pb16">16</a>]</span>in affections of the chest The large kind
-possesses all these properties in a greater degree than the small;
-&ldquo;the latter is called the <i>Guzerattee Alaechee</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p60" class="par"><span class="parNum">60</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1604;&#1578;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for the Lac
-colour.</p>
-<p id="p61" class="par"><span class="parNum">61</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amulbedh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;&#1576;&#1610;&#1583;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Called
-also <i>Amulbenth</i>, a very acid fruit of India; the tree much
-resembles the lime tree, but is rather larger. It is so very acid, that
-it will, in a few minutes, dissolve a needle, or small shell. It is
-light and aperient; improves decayed appetite; is cardiac; removes
-visceral obstructions, and increases all the secretions. I have been
-accustomed to take out part of the pulp of the fruit, and to fill the
-empty space with such medicines as assist digestion, and correct
-disorders of the digestive organs, in a pounded state, and allowing the
-fruit, thus medicated, to dry, and using it under the title of
-<i>Amulbedh</i>. It is brought in quantities from Jeynugger, and
-Ruttunboil. A spurious sort of this is made from the large lemon, and
-sold in its stead. I have found it useful in promoting digestion,
-giving relief in rheumatism, and as an aperient (<i>Amul</i> means
-acid.)</p>
-<p id="p62" class="par"><span class="parNum">62</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amulchangerie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;
-&#1670;&#1575;&#1722;&#1711;&#1585;&#1609;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e3420" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;An acid fruit, from a
-plant of India, called <i>Changerie</i>, much resembling the
-In-ubassaleb, (<i>Nightshade</i>,) and grows about 8 inches high, or
-more, and is about as much expanded. Its properties are hot, light, and
-stomachic; it promotes digestion, and is beneficial in Piles and Juzam;
-it cures laxities of the bowels, and decreases all the secretions,
-except bile.</p>
-<p id="p63" class="par"><span class="parNum">63</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amlie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;<i>Tamarindus
-Indicus</i>. A large tree; the fruit and leaves off it are very small,
-growing from both sides of a centre stem; they close up at night, and
-are expanded during the day. The fruit resembles a bean-pod, bent in
-the centre, and usually less than 8 inches in length; it bends so as to
-assume the figure of a semi-circle, but often not so much. The Author
-of the Book Tophut-ul-Momeneen, describes the tree as resembling the
-Pomegranate tree; but I suspect he had never seen it. It is acid and
-heavy, removes flatulence, but increases bile and blood.</p>
-<p class="par">When ripe, it is laxative, promotes appetite, and is
-beneficial in oppression after meals. It is dry, light, cardiac, and
-restores prostration of strength from fatigue. It removes nausea,
-giddiness, thirst, and general heat. Sherbet prepared from it, should
-it agree <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb17" href="#pb17" name=
-"pb17">17</a>]</span>with the stomach, is preferable to any other, and
-prevents the noxious influence of the hot winds on the system. The kind
-which is red, ought to be chosen for preserves, and it possesses all
-the properties of the fresh fruit. The flowers of the tamarind eat with
-meat, increase its flavor; they also prevent accumulation of bile, are
-aperient, and increase appetite; but they are improper when acidity
-prevails in the stomach.</p>
-<p id="p64" class="par"><span class="parNum">64</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amrutphull</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1585;&#1578;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name given to the sweet lime.
-Vide <i>Rajeneemb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p65" class="par"><span class="parNum">65</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambarae</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-fruit, the produce of the hills, large and acid.</p>
-<p id="p66" class="par"><span class="parNum">66</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amarbele</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1575;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Afteemoon</i> (<i>Dodder Thyme</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p67" class="par"><span class="parNum">67</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amroude</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1585;&#1608;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;(<i>Guava.</i>)
-An Indian fruit resembling the pear. It is full of small seeds, and is
-of an unpleasant smell; its tree resembles the mulberry, but is
-smaller; the leaves are like the leaf of the mangoe, green, with a
-tinge of red, and the veins of the leaf are strongly marked. The fruit
-is pendant, and its shape pyramidal. It is also called <i>Suffryam</i>,
-&ldquo;<i>Psidium pyriferum</i>.&rdquo; It strengthens the stomach,
-produces costiveness, and is astringent. I have given it with good
-effect in laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p68" class="par"><span class="parNum">68</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amratuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1585;&#1575;&#1578;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;The name
-of a culinary vegetable.</p>
-<p id="p69" class="par"><span class="parNum">69</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amultas</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;&#1578;&#1575;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;Called
-also <i>Kurwara</i>. &ldquo;<i>Cassia Fistula</i>, W.
-<i>Sauvernaca</i>, S. <i>Casse</i>, F. <i>Rohnkassie</i>, G. The pulp
-of its fruit laxative.&rdquo; Its flowers are dressed, and eaten with
-meat; and it has the virtue of giving it additional flavor, and
-loosening the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p70" class="par"><span class="parNum">70</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ananass</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1606;&#1575;&#1587;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e3550" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;Called also <i>Kutel
-Sufrie</i>, (The <i>Pineapple</i>,) for this reason, that if the plant
-is carried along with a person proceeding on a journey, it will produce
-fruit. It is about the size of the large lime, called <i>Turunje</i>;
-its color yellow, tinged with red; its surface is irregular, and
-covered with small prickles; its smell like that of the mangoe, and
-very pleasant; the whole plant, including the fruit, is about a yard in
-height; the leaves have <span class="corr" id="xd24e3563" title=
-"Source: serratted">serrated</span> edges, and the fruit grows
-perpendicular. On the top of the stem there is a bunch of leaves
-growing from the top of the fruit, which if broken off, and planted, is
-reproductive. It bears fruit only once, and only one fruit at a time. I
-have not seen its properties noticed in any work, but the people of
-India call it cooling. It was <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb18" href=
-"#pb18" name="pb18">18</a>]</span>first described by <i>Abul Fuzul</i>,
-in the <i>Ayen Akberry</i>; and this was afterwards copied by the
-Author of the <i>Dhara Shekoih</i>, from which others have copied it.
-Part of this description I have copied, and from my own observation
-have added the remainder. In my opinion it is hot in a small degree,
-and moist in the 2d degree. Its use is grateful to the system, and it
-gives strength to the intellectual powers, also tone to the stomach. It
-is injurious to the throat, to the solids, to respiration, and to the
-intestines; but its corrector is sugar, and if it be sliced, put in
-rose water to which sugar is added, and allowed to stand for some time,
-its beneficial properties are increased, while its injurious qualities
-are prevented or corrected. A preserve made from it, is excellent, and
-is used with stews and Pilau, as giving them great additional
-relish.</p>
-<p id="p72" class="par"><span class="parNum">72</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambeloona</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-fruit of Hindoostan, acid and astringent, cool and producing
-costiveness, beneficial in mucus and bile; also in carbuncle, and other
-tumors and affections of the throat.</p>
-<p id="p73" class="par"><span class="parNum">73</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambegool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1594;&#1608;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Angool</i>, or <i>Ambegooda</i>; called also <i>Inderain Soorkh</i>.
-(Vide the next article.) A plant whose taste is bitter and astringent;
-it is hot and moist, light and purgative, beneficial in flatulence,
-mucus, and general swellings. It is vermifuge, and removes pains in the
-bowels. It is an antidote to poisons, and removes disorders produced by
-indigestion. The fruit of the plant is sweet and cool, heavy and
-purgative, useful in affections from wind, bile, and disorders of the
-blood; it removes general heat, and is beneficial in Marasmus. It
-decreases the seminal secretion, increases mucus, and strengthens the
-system. <i>Nourdi Mahommed</i> says, that in the epidemic carbuncle
-which affects the armpit or throat, this fruit is given with more
-success than any other medicine; and that one fruit given internally,
-and another applied to the part, will cure the disease, should there be
-any stamina remaining in the system. He also says, that if ten pounds
-of this fruit be steeped for a week in Anula water, taken out and
-dried, put into a mill, and the oil expressed, and this oil introduced
-into the nose for 8 days successively, white hair will become black. He
-writes much more respecting its virtues; but as I have had no
-experience of them, and cannot vouch for the effect, I forbear to
-transcribe them. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb19" href="#pb19" name=
-"pb19">19</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p74" class="par"><span class="parNum">74</span> <span class=
-"sc">Inderain</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1575;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis
-Colocynthus.</i> Wild Gourd. Bitter cucumber. It is said by
-<i>Thunberg</i> to be rendered so perfectly mild, by being pickled, as
-to be used as food at the Cape of Good Hope.&rdquo; The fruit of a
-plant like the small melon, and very bitter; the plant too resembles
-that of the melon, and in Persian it is called the bitter melon. There
-are two kinds of this, one I have already described under the head of
-the preceding article. Both are bitter, powerful, hot, light, and
-purgative; a cure for Jaundice, useful in bilious and mucous affection,
-diseases of the spleen, dropsy and fever: they are also vermifuge.</p>
-<p class="par">In menstrual suppression the following is said to be
-effectual.</p>
-<p class="par">Of the root of <i>Inderain Soorkh</i> 1 pice weight,
-pepper 14 grains in number; bruise, and give in water: effectual in two
-or three days.</p>
-<p class="par">Also the following is used by the natives; bitter
-Toombric seed, <i>Jawakhar</i>, Goor, <i>Mynphill</i>, in equal parts,
-mixed with the milk of the prickly pear, and formed into a tent;
-applied to the Os Uteri for 3 days, it will produce fever.</p>
-<p id="p75" class="par"><span class="parNum">75</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anderjow</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1580;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nerium
-Anti-dysentericum</i>, <i>Echites Anti-dysenterica</i>, (Roxb. MS.)
-<i>Curaya</i>, H. <i>Cutaja</i>, S.<span class="corr" id="xd24e3666"
-title="Not in source">&rdquo;</span> A large tree, with leaves like the
-almond tree; it produces a fruit long and broad, which grow separate
-from each other. The fruit contains a number of seeds, rather longer
-than those of the melon, and resembling a bird&rsquo;s tongue. The pulp
-of the fruit is of a yellowish white, but the seeds are red. Its
-properties are bitter, pungent, cool, and astringent. It cures
-flatulence, bile, and fever, is vermifuge, and is useful in piles, and
-beneficial in that kind of carbuncle the matter of which is infectious:
-there are two kinds of this, a bitter and a sweet sort: of these, the
-bitter is to be preferred. In Hemorrhoids, where much blood is
-discharged, if taken in the quantity of half a tolah daily, in cold
-water, for eight days, the cure will be accomplished. The bark of the
-tree, taken in cold water, will remove laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p76" class="par"><span class="parNum">76</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1575;&#1585;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e3678" title="Not in source">.&mdash;</span>A name for
-<i>Darim</i>, q. vide. &ldquo;<i>Punica Granatum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p77" class="par"><span class="parNum">77</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aunalie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Shakakool</i>, (<i>Wild Carrot</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p78" class="par"><span class="parNum">78</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambaray</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;or
-<i>Ambara</i>, a vegetable used by the poorer classes, resembling
-<i>Sunn</i> (hemp.) When young, it is hot, heavy, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb20" href="#pb20" name="pb20">20</a>]</span>and
-promotes appetite; it is useful in flatulence, and loosens the belly:
-when ripe it is sweet and cool, and increases seminal secretion. In the
-<i>Dunterie</i> it is written, that it is oleaginous and
-astringent.</p>
-<p id="p79" class="par"><span class="parNum">79</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ankaloon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a salt called also <i>Oodoobudh</i>. Vide <i>Loon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p80" class="par"><span class="parNum">80</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anbertasung</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;
-&#1578;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Sungbusserie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p81" class="par"><span class="parNum">81</span> <span class=
-"sc">Angud</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The name for
-<i>Hungoot</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p82" class="par"><span class="parNum">82</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anjeer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1580;&#1610;&#1585;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e3776" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;<i>Ficus Carica.</i>
-The Fig. A common fruit. Its virtues are fully pointed out in Persian
-works. Another variety, called <i>Anjeer Deshtee</i>, (Adam&rsquo;s
-fig,) <i>Keonberrie</i>. Some writers call the fig hot, others describe
-it as cool, like the Goolur.</p>
-<p id="p83" class="par"><span class="parNum">83</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aaont</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1570;&#1608;&#1606;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;The Camel. The flesh is
-sweet to the taste, and light; it increases the strength of vision and
-dispels flatulence, kills larv&aelig; in the stomach, useful in piles,
-and increases bile and mucus: in P. <i>Shootur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p84" class="par"><span class="parNum">84</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoode Belao</span> <span lang="ur">&#1649;&#1608;&#1583;
-&#1576;&#1604;&#1575;&#1572;</span>.&mdash;<i>Lutre Lutreola</i>,
-(Shaw.) The Otter? An animal, named also Kunduss, called in P.
-<i>Saqeabi</i>. Its scrotum is called <i>Jeunel bedesther</i>. Its
-properties fully related in all Yunani publications.</p>
-<p id="p85" class="par"><span class="parNum">85</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoont Kutara</span> <span lang="ur">&#1649;&#1608;&#1606;&#1657;
-&#1603;&#1657;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A prickly shrub,
-about a yard high; both leaves and branches are full of prickles, and
-its flowers are yellow; its fruit round, and also full of prickles. It
-is bitter and pungent, useful in phlegm and cough, also wind; increases
-bile, and is diuretic; it promotes digestion, and increases the
-strength of the system. If the fresh root be cut into small pieces, and
-the oil extracted from it by heat, and this oil to the quantity of one
-masha, rubbed over a plaintain leaf, and externally applied, it will
-increase Aphrodisia, and lengthen its duration. This oil, applied to
-the parts, will restore strength. Its application will also remove an
-offensive effluvia from the axill&aelig;. <i>Echinops Echinatus</i>,
-(Roxb.)</p>
-<p id="p86" class="par"><span class="parNum">86</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoonk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1649;&#1608;&#1606;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A plant, a yard or more
-in height, whose leaves are about 2 inches in breadth, and hard like
-the leaves of the Mocao; its flower is prickly, and its seed very
-small, even smaller than the Powar, which it resembles. There are two
-kind: the branches of one red, the other white; both bitter, and
-promoters of digestion, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb21" href=
-"#pb21" name="pb21">21</a>]</span>decreasing mucus and wind, removing
-flatulent swellings in the stomach or bowels, and pains therein; useful
-in piles and Psora.</p>
-<p id="p87" class="par"><span class="parNum">87</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ahmlee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1607;&#1605;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Called also
-<i>Buzuroolreshad</i>.</p>
-<p id="p88" class="par"><span class="parNum">88</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aegoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1594;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Powerfully
-astringent and bitter, easy of digestion, beneficial in disorders of
-blood, bile, mucus, and also in <i>Juzam</i>, an antidote to poison,
-and strengthening eye sight. P. <i>Shingirff</i>. (Cinnabar?)</p>
-<p id="p89" class="par"><span class="parNum">89</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aechill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1610;&#1670;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The name of a reed.</p>
-<p id="p90" class="par"><span class="parNum">90</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aent</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1610;&#1606;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;(Brick.) In P.
-<i>Khysht</i>. When the seminal secretion is too thin, this is given
-with success; the older kind is preferred in medicine. In the
-<i>Tophutul Momeneen</i> and other works, its virtues are
-described.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="beh" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1548; &#1662;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p91" class="par first"><span class="parNum">91</span>
-<span class="sc">Padill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1583;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Sometimes called
-<i>Patill</i>, and another kind denominated <i>Kashta Padill</i> or
-<i>Kut Padill</i>. Of this also there is another kind, but as the
-properties of all are the same, I have not particularly distinguished
-them from each other. It is the flower of an Indian tree, which in size
-is equal to the Mangoe or Jamin, its pod is 1&frac12; feet long, and 4
-fingers in breadth, formed of different layers, and lined with a soft
-cottony substance. The seed resembles that of the <i>Seriss</i> tree,
-and its taste is astringent, sweet, and its properties mixed, cool and
-hot. It is beneficial in swellings of a general nature, in foulness of
-the blood, in difficulty of breathing, in thirst, nausea, and loss of
-appetite. Its flowers correct all the natural secretions, and remove
-bilious laxity of the bowels, and heartburn. The pod relieves hiccup,
-and corrects bilious and mucous secretions; some have described its
-properties as cool, and the Dhuntri recommends the first kind, as the
-one to be preferred for internal use.</p>
-<p id="p92" class="par"><span class="parNum">92</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pa&aacute;</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1569;</span>.&mdash;<i>Sulphur Zinci</i>, a name
-for <i>Zaje Suffed</i>. It resembles the Shibbi Yemani, but of a more
-yellow tinge, and less transparent, but its pungency and astringency
-greater; placed in the fire it becomes sublimed; its nature hot and
-dry. If a cloth is wetted with its solution, and allowed to dry, and
-then placed in the vagina, it dries the part, and lessens its
-diameter.</p>
-<p id="p93" class="par"><span class="parNum">93</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beekhbans</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1580;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1587;</span> or <i>Beedjbans</i>.&mdash;A kind of green
-bamboo, shot as arrows by the Nepaulese, and which poison the wound
-they inflict. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb22" href="#pb22" name=
-"pb22">22</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p94" class="par"><span class="parNum">94</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bansa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Called also
-Pi&aacute;bansa. Some say that it is the name of the <i>Baadawurd</i>
-tree; however this may be, it is the name of a very common tree, found
-in plains and waste places; it grows about the height of a man, more or
-less; has spreading branches, which grow out of its stem even to the
-root: its leaves are thin, small, and pointed, when the tree is young;
-but they increase in size as the tree grows, and become like those of
-the Jamin. Its flowers are white, with prickles on their stalk. The
-other kind called <i>Pia Bansa</i> has colored flowers.</p>
-<p class="par">It increases wind, and clears the throat; it removes
-disorders of bile, mucus, or blood, cough, difficulty of breathing,
-nausea, fever, seminal weakness, juzam, and marasmus. A tooth-brush
-made of its wood, materially strengthens the gums and teeth, and of
-this many have had experience. It strengthens the system, darkens the
-color of the hair, cures the itch, and is an antidote to poison. In its
-nature it is hot, and is useful in eruptions of the skin and
-leprosy.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i><span class="corr" id="xd24e3980" title=
-"Source: Maadentuzurrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i>, that with the
-yellow flowers, is called <i>Pia Bansa</i>, and the tree is said to be
-about a yard high, with long leaves, hot, cool, and dry in an equal
-degree; a decoction of the root is beneficial as a gargle in toothache,
-or with the addition of the leaves, as a gargle in ptyalism.</p>
-<p id="p95" class="par"><span class="parNum">95</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baluka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Cucumis
-Madraspatanus.</i> A species of Kitcherie; it is also called
-<i>Kootoombur</i>. <i>Phoont</i> is likewise a variety of this, and is
-in Persian named <i>Dustoomba&oacute;y&eacute;</i>. When unripe, its
-taste is sweet; it is cool, and heavy, removes eruptions of the skin
-from bile, and when ripe, it is hot, light, aperient, creating
-appetite, and bile.</p>
-<p id="p96" class="par"><span class="parNum">96</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palewut</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Palook</i>, a medicine of India.
-The first is sweet, hot, and cool, in an equal degree; it is heavy, and
-corrects bile and wind. The second kind, also called <i>Malook</i>, is
-sweeter than the first, and in all its properties resembling
-<i>Padill</i>, except that it produces less thirst.</p>
-<p id="p97" class="par"><span class="parNum">97</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baraykund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1609; &#1603;&#1606;&#1672;</span>
-or <i>Keetkuro&oacute;dh</i>, or <i>Subbuzkund</i>.&mdash;The produce
-of a wet or moist soil. Its capsule is thick and hard; it is sweet,
-bitter, pungent, and increases the powers of manhood, and generally
-strengthens the system; it increases bile, but removes <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb23" href="#pb23" name="pb23">23</a>]</span>a
-superabundance of phlegm or wind. It is vermifuge, and useful in
-seminal weakness. Its leaves used as greens, create appetite, improve
-the complexion, and are beneficial in Juzam. I have ascertained from
-several books of Hindoostan, that it is a species of <i>Russain</i>,
-and that <i>Barayokand</i> and <i>Bedareekund</i> are one and the same
-plant; but some books state the contrary.</p>
-<p id="p98" class="par"><span class="parNum">98</span> <span class=
-"sc">Banjkak&oacute;ra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;&#1580;
-&#1603;&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-India, of a light nature, beneficial in mucous affections, antidote to
-poison, useful in boils and wounds, also in sores; called in Persian
-<i>Khora</i>. One kind of this bears no fruit, hence its name
-<i>Banja</i>.</p>
-<p id="p99" class="par"><span class="parNum">99</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pakur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1603;&#1681;</span>.&mdash;A large tree, beautiful
-in appearance, as large as the <i>Jamin</i>. The leaves also resemble
-the <i>Jamin</i>, but broader, longer, and thicker; its fruit is
-yellow, and when ripe, like the apple, but when small, it is more like
-the peach; it is cooling, and cures boils, eruptions of the skin, and
-is effectual in mucous and bilious affections, it also allays swelling
-in wounds. The fruit bears the same name; it is acid, its sherbet
-cardiac, promotes appetite, and decreases bile. By some called
-<i>Pakull</i>.</p>
-<p id="p100" class="par"><span class="parNum">100</span> <span class=
-"sc">Panee Amluk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1606;&#1609;
-&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of Hindoostan,
-hot and heavy; it cures flatulency, and when ripe, it increases the
-bilious and mucous secretions.</p>
-<p id="p101" class="par"><span class="parNum">101</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paadae</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1575;&#1583;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Pungent
-and bitter, hot and light, cures wind, bile, Juzam, and fever;
-vomiting, dropsy, affections of the heart, general heat, itch,
-disorders from poison, difficulty of breathing, and is vermifuge. It
-also cures <i>Badgola</i>, boils and eruptions of the skin, and removes
-laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p102" class="par"><span class="parNum">102</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babchee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1576;&#1670;&#1609;</span> or <i>Bakchee</i>, an
-Indian medicine, the seed of which is black; it is beneficial in every
-kind of leprosy, and in every pain of the stomach; it is used both
-internally and externally. I have used 2 mashas of this, with other
-appropriate medicines, infused in water for a night, strained and given
-as a drink to those affected with white leprosy, and other affections
-of the same nature; and have used the strained refuse externally, with
-the greatest success. It is pungent and aromatic, hot and dry in the 3d
-deg. light and cardiac, creates appetite, and cures affections of bile
-and mucus; but is prejudicial to the eyesight, and lessens the seminal
-secretion. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb24" href="#pb24" name=
-"pb24">24</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">In the <i><span class="corr" id="xd24e4132" title=
-"Source: Maader Tezerrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i> it is written,
-that <i>Babchee</i> is a seed about the size of gram, or rather less,
-of a dark color, and aromatic flavor, hot and dry in a small degree,
-cures wind, mucus, and Juzam; the itch and other eruptions of the skin
-when discoloration or ulceration takes place, and all complaints
-arising from foulness of blood. In <i>Acouta</i>, or that scaly leprous
-eruption that is often met with, it is very effectual, the part being
-first moistened with mustard oil, and the powder of the seed sprinkled
-over its surface.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Tried in Lepra without effect, both in
-substance and in infusion, in 1818.&mdash;Translator.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p103" class="par"><span class="parNum">103</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paperie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1662;&#1585;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Shumshad</i>, cool, and brightens the complexion, and is useful in
-mucous and bilious complaints.</p>
-<p id="p104" class="par"><span class="parNum">104</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Called by some
-<i>Nagbo</i>, and also <i>Badrouje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p105" class="par"><span class="parNum">105</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barasinga</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Cervus
-Elaphus.</i> Called so from its many branched horns; it is about the
-size of a small cow, and is also called Thunkur or Eal. Its meat is
-sweet to the taste, and heavy; it increases Aphrodisia, cures wind,
-bile, and mucus. The horns rubbed down in water, and applied
-externally, cure rheumatic and other pains.</p>
-<p id="p106" class="par"><span class="parNum">106</span> <span class=
-"sc">Parba</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1585;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Cervus
-Porcinus.</i> Very common in the upper parts of India; its properties I
-have never seen noticed in any Indian publication. I have met with a
-description of another kind of deer, Cheetul, and in my opinion they
-are nearly alike in their properties; the flesh of both easy of
-digestion, quickly increasing the volume of blood and bulk of the
-solids; it is without fibres, hot and somewhat dry.</p>
-<p id="p107" class="par"><span class="parNum">107</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bander</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Monkey. The
-flesh is beneficial in flatulencies, difficulty of breathing, and
-Jaundice, and is vermifuge; in P. <i>Bozeena</i>.</p>
-<p id="p108" class="par"><span class="parNum">108</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baag</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1711;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;In P.
-<i>Sher</i>. The Tiger. Its flesh is hot, and cures affections from
-wind, and complaints of the eyes. Its milk, mixed with Soorma, is an
-excellent application in that disease of the eye called
-<i>Mootiabin</i>. My grandfather experienced its good effects in his
-own case in the cure of this disease.</p>
-<p id="p109" class="par"><span class="parNum">109</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palug</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1604;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A much esteemed kind of
-culinary vegetable (<i>Spinnach</i>.) A. <i>Isphanach</i>: cool and
-heavy, laxative, producing wind <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb25"
-href="#pb25" name="pb25">25</a>]</span>and mucus, as also swelling of
-the abdomen. It is beneficial in difficulty of breathing, and eruptions
-from bile. Some say that it produces intoxication in a small degree,
-but this I have not found to be the case.</p>
-<p id="p110" class="par"><span class="parNum">110</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Aromatic, bitter, astringent,
-hot, and aperient. (&ldquo;<i>Piper Betel</i>, Lin. Warm juice,
-febrifuge; given in indigestion in children, and combined with musk in
-Hysteria.&rdquo;) It creates appetite and agreeable sensations; it also
-increases semen, and is aphrodisiac. It cures disorders of wind, mucus,
-and of the blood; corrects vitiated breath, preserves the gums, clears
-the blood, is useful in prostration of strength from fatigue, and cures
-nervous head-aches. Its juice is beneficial in giving tone to the
-stomach and heart, and it promotes digestion. It corrects a cold
-temperament, cures cholicky disorders, and pains of the bowels, and
-this I have repeatedly found by experience. In my own opinion, and in
-the opinion of every Yunani writer whom I have consulted, (with the
-exception of <i>Shaik Boo Alli</i>,) it is hot; but the physicians of
-Hindoostan very generally agree with the <i>Shaik</i>. Those of a hot
-temperament, who use much of this plant, are subject to eruptions of
-the mouth, and fissures in the tongue. Its correctors are almonds and
-the kernel of the cocoa-nut, but the former is to be preferred, and the
-addition of the almond increases its effects on the mental powers.</p>
-<p class="par">The distilled water of <i>Paan</i>, as described below,
-is recommended for correcting a melancholic temperament, strengthening
-the stomach and circulation, removing spasms in the stomach, creating
-appetite, correcting flatulence, and loosening phlegm.</p>
-<p class="par">Take flowers of <i>Bugloss</i> 5 scruples, rose leaves 6
-drachms, cloves 13 scruples, <i>Paan</i> 4 ounces, distilled water of
-Bugloss two pounds, rose water 6 pounds: distil, and give as a dose
-from one to four drachms. Another: take of cinnamon 13 scruples, Indian
-Spikenard and <i>Galangal</i>, each 14&frac12; scruples;
-<i>Bugloss</i>, <i>Soad Kufah</i>, and dried mint, each 19 scruples;
-rose leaves and cloves each 24 scruples; anise seed (<i>Nancha</i>),
-and another kind called <i>Rajiana</i>, and sweet-scented flag of
-Toorkistan, each 19 scruples; <i>Paan</i> 50 leaves or more, good rose
-water 15 pounds: distil. The dose to be regulated by the temperament of
-the patient. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb26" href="#pb26" name=
-"pb26">26</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Another: take of Indian leaf (<i>Tezpat</i>), 1/2 a
-pound; cloves, <i>Indian Spikenard</i>, and anise seed (<i>Nancha</i>),
-each 4 ounces, good <i>Paan</i> 200 leaves; bruise all the ingredients,
-and let them remain in infusion for 24 hours in 20 pounds of water,
-then draw off by distillation 14 pounds: the dose will be from 8 to 10
-scruples given after meals.</p>
-<p class="par">Another: take of cloves, <i>Oodghoorkee</i>, each 13
-scruples; reduce both to a coarse powder; flowers of <i>Bugloss</i>,
-raspings of white <i>Sandal</i> wood, each 5&frac12; scruples;
-<i>Bugloss</i>, rose leaves and Indian leaf, each 4 ounces; white
-<i>Paan</i> 100 leaves, rose water 8 pounds, distilled anise seed water
-4 pounds; infuse 24 hours in the heated liquids, and draw off by
-distillation 8 pounds.</p>
-<p id="p111" class="par"><span class="parNum">111</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pariss Peepul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1585;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Palass
-Peepul</i>, (Hibiscus populneoides, Roxb.)</p>
-<p class="par transcribernote"><span class="sc">Warning:</span> using
-mercury as described below is very dangerous. Mercury is highly
-poisonous and the claims made are incorrect.</p>
-<p id="p112" class="par"><span class="parNum">112</span> <span class=
-"sc">Para</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>,
-or <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1585;&#1583;</span> <i>Parud</i>,
-(as it is called in Sanscrit,) Mercury. It is hot, gives strength to
-the eyesight, is useful in Juzam, and is vermifuge. A. <i>Zeebuck</i>.
-P. <i>Seemab</i>. It is very generally used throughout India, in many
-ways, both in its native and prepared state; but in the latter we ought
-to be very cautious, for it is seldom sufficiently killed, or removed
-from its native state, in which it is a dangerous drug. One grain or
-two grains, or even a little more, is taken for a dose, and in some
-cases with success. Cups are also made of it, from which milk is drank;
-they possess this virtue, that a greater quantity of milk may be taken
-in this way than in any other. It is said, that if a little Mercury be
-tied up in a cloth, and boiled in milk, that the milk will have an
-aphrodisiac property. Should any one have taken live Mercury, and the
-result be, that he is attacked with Juzam, or other leprous affection,
-let him take the whole of an Indigo plant, and cutting it in small
-pieces, let it be boiled in a large quantity of water; then straining
-it, drink a cupful of the water very frequently, till all is taken, and
-till then eat no food. All the Mercury will in the course of the day be
-evacuated per urethra, and if the whole does not make its escape the
-first day, the treatment must be repeated. If the urine be received
-into a brass vessel, or any other with a polished surface, the Mercury
-will be detected; many people having been in this predicament, have
-followed this advice, and found the result to be as I have stated it.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb27" href="#pb27" name=
-"pb27">27</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">In a state of calcination, if it is mixed with strong
-vinegar, or lime juice, and afterwards dried, if no live Mercury
-appears it is good; otherwise it is dangerous. Others have said, that
-if mixed and rubbed with the juice of the radish leaf, till they are
-incorporated, and then a little lime juice poured over it, and again
-rubbed and dried, it will be fit for use; and the less live Mercury
-that is perceptible, the less dangerous it is.</p>
-<p class="par">To make cups and balls of Mercury, triturate the Mercury
-well with pounded bricks, in an iron pot, moistening the mixture with
-water; wash the whole in water, and strain through a moderately fine
-cloth, till the Mercury becomes perfectly clear like a looking glass.
-Take equal parts of this purified quicksilver, rock salt, and sulphate
-of copper, and put them into an iron pot, with strong vinegar or lime
-juice, and let the whole be well triturated for 7 or 8 hours, when the
-compound will appear like butter; wash this well in water, that the
-salt and sulphate be carried off, and the Mercury left behind; take
-this Mercury and coat over the outside of an unburnt earthen vessel or
-cup, till it shall be well covered and appear like Mercury; place this
-in a dish filled with lime juice, and let it remain for a week, then
-take it out and place it in the sun to dry and harden; when quite hard,
-it may be used in this way, or it may be filled with water and kept so,
-till the clay becomes soft enough to be separated from the quicksilver.
-Milk drank from this cup will have an aphrodisiac quality, and will
-increase appetite. For the formation of this cup, 9 or 10 tolahs of
-quicksilver will be requisite, and for the balls one tolah.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>The Balls.</i>&mdash;When the ingredients
-above-mentioned have, from long trituration, acquired the consistence
-of butter, balls may be formed of the composition in a fine cloth, and
-allowed to remain for 7 days in lime juice; then take them out and
-throw them into a boiling decoction of the Dhatura leaves, allowing it
-to be well boiled. The balls are then to be taken out of the cloth and
-preserved for use.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <span class="corr" id="xd24e4384" title=
-"Source: Maadertererrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span> it is said, that if
-a small parcel of Mercury be boiled in soup, made from the Bis-Copra,
-it will become hard. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb28" href="#pb28"
-name="pb28">28</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p113" class="par"><span class="parNum">113</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baboona</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1576;&#1608;&#1606;&#1577;</span>, or
-<i>Marehtee</i>: <i>Anthemis</i> Chamomile; a common flower,
-Akhgwan.</p>
-<p id="p114" class="par"><span class="parNum">114</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bans</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Russub</i>. P.
-<i>Ney</i>. Its leaves like those of the <i>Joowar</i>, when they are
-young; it is cool and a little astringent, beneficial in dysuria,
-gonorrh&aelig;a, piles, in stomach complaints, bilious disorders, and
-those of the blood, in cholicky pains from flatulence. Some say, that
-it increases the secretion of bile. A preserve is made from the young
-shoots which is much esteemed, and is useful in promoting appetite and
-giving tone to the stomach, correcting an increased secretion of bile
-or phlegm. The young shoots are first cut into small pieces, and
-steeped in salt and water; then dried, and afterwards put into the
-vinegar or other acid, in which it is to be preserved. The root of the
-bamboo in equal parts, with <i>Judw&aacute;r</i> (Zedoary), and
-<i>Suronjan</i> (Hermodactylis), applied externally, I have found very
-effectual in removing pains from the joints. The oil expressed from the
-fresh joints of the plants, is also very beneficial in pains of the
-joints and other rheumatic affections. Mention is made of this oil in
-the Hajul Umeer and Ejale na&aacute;f, works written by me.</p>
-<p class="par">The joints of the bamboo are very useful as a diuretic,
-and they also are effectual in producing abortion, and made into a
-decoction with Cassia fistula, are recommended for recorrecting and
-stopping the discharge after such an occurrence.</p>
-<p id="p115" class="par"><span class="parNum">115</span> <span class=
-"sc">Badgan Khutay</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1583;&#1711;&#1575;&#1606;
-&#1582;&#1591;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;No account having been given of
-this in any of the Yunani works, it is left for me to give a
-description of it. It is a seed of a dark red color, the capsule
-resembles the stone of the tamarind, but is more thin and pointed, and
-a little open; it is used as an infusion with tea; it is hot,
-strengthens the stomach; is discutient, removes flatulence, and the tea
-corrects any bad effects that it may possess.</p>
-<p id="p116" class="par"><span class="parNum">116</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baremoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1605;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Dookoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p117" class="par"><span class="parNum">117</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barehie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1581;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Zedoary</i>.</p>
-<p id="p118" class="par"><span class="parNum">118</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patirr</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1657;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The Wagtail,
-called in Yunani, <i>Suffraghoon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p119" class="par"><span class="parNum">119</span> <span class=
-"sc">Parjath</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1585;&#1580;&#1575;&#1578;&#1607;&#1577;</span>,
-or <i>Parbhudder</i>, (<i>Bombax heptaphyllum</i>.) The gum useful as
-an expectorant in worms, corpulency, swellings, and wind; it also
-increases certain secretions; the gum is called Moocherriss.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb29" href="#pb29" name=
-"pb29">29</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p120" class="par"><span class="parNum">120</span> <span class=
-"sc">Balchur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1670;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chur</i> (Spikenard).</p>
-<p id="p121" class="par"><span class="parNum">121</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baeberung</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1576;&#1585;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A seed,
-black, roundish, and pointed; bitter and pungent to the taste, hot and
-dry, light and cardiac; beneficial in itchiness of the stomach,
-flatulent swellings, dropsy, affections of mucus, wind, or worms, and
-remedies costiveness. A. <i>Birnuk Caboolie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p122" class="par"><span class="parNum">122</span> <span class=
-"sc">Badjera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1583;&#1610;&#1585;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;<i>Holcus
-Spicatum.</i> A common grain; in my opinion hot and dry; it strengthens
-the system and loins; is aphrodisiac, and corrects acidity in the
-stomach, but produces flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p123" class="par"><span class="parNum">123</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papeyha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1662;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Papeya</i>,
-<i>Carica Papeya</i>, W. A native of South America, now common all over
-India; milky juice of the unripe fruit, vermifuge; dose,&mdash;two
-table spoonfuls in warm milk, afterwards a dose of castor-oil.</p>
-<p id="p124" class="par"><span class="parNum">124</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papieha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1662;&#1610;&#1729;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A common
-green bird; the poets of Hindoostan keep numbers of them, and have an
-idea that the noise they make at night, in the rainy season, produces
-inspiration. Its flesh is useful in affection from wind and mucus, and
-is alone sufficient to remove disorders from bile.</p>
-<p id="p125" class="par"><span class="parNum">125</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papeitha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1662;&#1610;&#1657;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Papita
-nux</i>, <i>Nux Vomica Serapionis</i>, <i>Faba Indica</i>, or <i>Faba
-Sancti Ignatii</i>, St. Ignatius&rsquo;s Bean, <i>Catalougay</i>,
-belongs to a genus called Ignatia Amara. The above description applies
-especially to the <i>Papeitha</i>, but not to the Nux Vomica,
-(<i>Cuchila</i>,) which is a Strychnos, this is not.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">This is a medicine of foreigners, and it is said, that
-it has been in use for the last century; there is no account of it in
-any books of Hindoostan, or in the Yunani works; but in this part of
-the country it is in general use. I have partly taken the present
-description from the books of foreigners, and partly it is the result
-of my own experience. In foreign language, it is called Papita. It is a
-nut, round, more or less so, each weighing about a pice; it is
-depressed in the centre, and of a brown color, some darker than others.
-Its properties are said to be various. If one of the nuts be strung on
-a thread and retained about the person, it is a security against
-sorcery, and the attempted mischief will recoil on the sorcerer. Should
-any one be poisoned and this be administered, the poison will thereby
-be rendered innocent. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb30" href="#pb30"
-name="pb30">30</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Whoever shall keep this constantly about his person, nor
-noxious wind nor evil eye will affect him.</p>
-<p class="par">If one retti or two retti weight of this be rubbed down
-in water and taken, it will cure pains in the stomach and cholicks.</p>
-<p class="par">It is very beneficial in the disorder called Elaous,
-also in paralytic affections.</p>
-<p class="par">In faintings and convulsions, if the teeth are forced
-open, and a little given internally, also the part of the forehead
-called <i>peshanie</i> scarified, and rubbed with a little of the
-medicine, the senses will be restored.</p>
-<p class="par">In bites of snakes or the sting of any noxious reptile
-or insect, it is highly beneficial.</p>
-<p class="par">The powder of the seed is styptic, and when applied over
-a wound in sufficient quantity to form a cake and bound up, it will
-stop any discharge of blood.</p>
-<p class="par">In intermittent fever, if about 4 barley-corns in bulk
-be given before the cold fit, it will render it much less severe, or
-remove it altogether.</p>
-<p class="par">In labor, if the pains are not sufficiently effectual, 4
-barley-corns of this given, will expedite delivery; but if by mistake
-it be given after delivery, it will cause a protrusion of the
-bowels.</p>
-<p class="par">In all laxities of the bowels it is useful. If a seed be
-allowed to remain in the mouth, it will promote the discharge of mucus
-which may oppress the chest, and will relieve acidity in the
-stomach.</p>
-<p class="par">If the nut be cut into slices and fried in sweet oil,
-the oil will form an excellent application to chancres, venereal or
-other cuticular eruptions.</p>
-<p class="par">Should any one have swallowed poison and become
-senseless, this oil forced into the throat, if swallowed, will save the
-patient.</p>
-<p class="par">This oil will also have the effect of restoring
-sensation to parts deprived of it, if rubbed externally.</p>
-<p class="par">In suppression of the menses, 7 or 8 barley-corns in
-bulk administered, will give relief.</p>
-<p class="par">Should a tendon be cut through from a wound, filling the
-division with the powder, will promote adhesion. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb31" href="#pb31" name="pb31">31</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">A tincture of it in spirits, in the strength of 25 nuts
-to half a pound of spirit, allowed to remain 15 days in the sun, is
-aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 16 liquid grains every night.</p>
-<p class="par">I have found this medicine given to the quantity of half
-a drachm, more or less, mixed up into a bolus with rose-water, very
-beneficial in excessive vomiting.</p>
-<p class="par">Once my father and I were proceeding on a journey, it
-happened, that some of our people had ate in the morning, of the food
-prepared the night before, which being stale, produced incessant and
-violent vomiting; their sufferings were great, and the color of their
-bodies completely changed. My father having no other medicine with him,
-except this, gave it to them mixed with rose-water, in various
-proportions, with great success.</p>
-<p class="par">In unremitting vomiting, it ought to be given twice,
-when it will assuredly be successful.</p>
-<p id="p126" class="par"><span class="parNum">126</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1576;&#1608;&#1604;</span>,
-vide <i>Keekur</i>. Acacia Arabica, W.</p>
-<p id="p127" class="par"><span class="parNum">127</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papotun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1608;&#1657;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A plant, about a
-yard high; its seed is like that of the nightshade, at first green, and
-when ripe, red; in appearance like the <i>Goonchee</i>, covered with a
-very thin capsule. The leaves heated and applied to swellings are
-discutient, and the root pounded and mixed with water, applied to the
-carbuncle or introduced on a seton, will effect a cure in a few
-days.</p>
-<p id="p128" class="par"><span class="parNum">128</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paethaon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1657;&#1607;&#1572;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Called
-also <i>Culsi</i> or <i>Breshtpirnie</i>. A medicine of India; sweet,
-hot, light, and aphrodisiac; remedies laxities of the bowels and
-abrasions of the intestines. It decreases general heat, allays thirst,
-and is useful in affections of wind, mucus, bile, nausea, and fever. In
-the <i>Dhinteri</i>, it is said to be pungent, and beneficial in
-asthma, phlegm, and dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p129" class="par"><span class="parNum">129</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patole</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1657;&#1608;&#1604;</span>,
-vide <i>Pulwul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p130" class="par"><span class="parNum">130</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>, usually called
-<i>Pat&egrave;la</i>, a name of <i>Birdee</i>, a reed, growing in
-marshy places, used for making mats. It grows about a man&rsquo;s
-height, sometimes higher, and about the thickness of one&rsquo;s
-finger. Its ashes are peculiarly drying, and in quality dry and moist;
-if sprinkled over a sore, they quickly dry it up; if mixed with
-vinegar, dried, pounded, and applied to a <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb32" href="#pb32" name="pb32">32</a>]</span>carbuncle, it will cure
-it. They are also useful in <i>Ukula</i> and <i>Nufsoodum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p131" class="par"><span class="parNum">131</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patung</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A large tree, a native
-of the hills; its leaves are like that of the almond, and its flowers
-yellow. The fruit round, and of a dirty green color when young,
-becoming red as it ripens, and sweet to the taste.</p>
-<p class="par">Physicians of Yunan have described it as hot, useful in
-bilious affections, mucus, and blood; also in boils and eruptions. A.
-<i>Bukkum</i>. The wood is used by dyers. In the Topha it is written,
-that in the quantity of 15 masha it is a deadly poison. Its powder is
-excellent as an application to wounds and ulcers. A bath formed of a
-decoction of the wood, clears the surface of the body, and gives
-strength to the bones.</p>
-<p id="p132" class="par"><span class="parNum">132</span> <span class=
-"sc">Putrudj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;A very common leaf, in
-length from three to five inches, and in breadth two inches; of a green
-color, and pleasant smell; it is strongly marked by veins, and is
-brought from the hills. It is hot and light, useful in wind and piles,
-nausea, pain at the stomach, flatulence, and is cardiac. A. <i>Sadielj
-Hindui</i>. Laurus Cassia, W. <i>Tamalapatra</i>, S. <i>Tezpat</i>, H.
-<i>Tez</i> (the bark), H. <i>Twacha</i>, S.</p>
-<p id="p133" class="par"><span class="parNum">133</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pithpapra</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1657;&#1607;&#1577;
-&#1662;&#1575;&#1662;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Oldenlandia
-biflora.</i> Bitter, cool, light, and in its effects astringent;
-beneficial in affections and disorders of bile, mucus, and blood; also
-in general heat; useful in giddiness, thirst, and fever; it generates
-flatulence. A. <i>Shaterra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p134" class="par"><span class="parNum">134</span> <span class=
-"sc">Batassa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1578;&#1575;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Phaneer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p135" class="par"><span class="parNum">135</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buthua</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1578;&#1729;&#1608;&#1575;</span>, or <i>Pasthuk</i>,
-&ldquo;<i>Chenopodium album</i>.&rdquo; A plant about a yard high, or
-even less; its leaves are small like the mint, soft and serrated; when
-the plant is old, it becomes a little larger, but the leaves remain the
-same. It is used in India as a culinary vegetable, and ate with or
-without meat; the leaves are sweetish when young; it delights to grow
-near water, and is found both in the wild and cultivated state, but the
-wild is considered the best; it is light and laxative, strengthens the
-system, is useful in affections of the spleen, eruptions from diffusion
-of bile, piles, worms, ascarides in the rectum, and corrects all
-natural secretions except blood. A. <i>Kutf</i><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e4814" title="Source: ,">.</span> <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb33" href="#pb33" name="pb33">33</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p136" class="par"><span class="parNum">136</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1657;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of Pea:
-see <i>Muttur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p137" class="par"><span class="parNum">137</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butaer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1657;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The Quail, <i>Perdix
-Olivacea</i>, (Buch.) Its flesh is cool, and promotes appetite; is
-beneficial in fever, and corrects the three principal secretions. Some
-have said, that this is a name for Tihoo; it resembles the partridge,
-but is only about half the size. In my opinion, it is cool and hot in
-equal degrees; it forms a desirable food for the sick, or emaciated; it
-strengthens the stomach, and produces costiveness.</p>
-<p id="p138" class="par"><span class="parNum">138</span> <span class=
-"sc">Batees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1578;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Atees</i>, already described.</p>
-<p id="p139" class="par"><span class="parNum">139</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pytha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The gall-bladder
-of any animal. Bile is hot and dry, but no general account can be given
-of its properties, as almost that of every animal differs from another.
-If goat&rsquo;s bile be used, it will relieve an affection of the
-liver, and if it be mixed with camphor and butter, and introduced into
-the ear, it will cure tooth-ache, or rubbed into the abdomen of a child
-below the navel, it will prove laxative. Cow&rsquo;s bile, if
-introduced into the ear, will cure pain arising from wind, mucus or
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p140" class="par"><span class="parNum">140</span> <span class=
-"sc">Putalphoorie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1681;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The name of a grass,
-which grows in rocky places, from which it has either derived its name
-or from its property of dissolving the stone in the urinary or
-gall-bladder. It is a very small plant; its leaves, like those of the
-<i>Lobeia</i> (a small bean), when chewed are found to be very
-mucilaginous. It is a powerful medicine in dysuria, and is beneficial
-in dissolving stones in the urinary or gall-bladder. Of this I have
-several times had proof within my own observation; and I have given it
-to the extent of 5 or 6 mashas in these disorders, combined with sugar,
-or with other diuretic medicines, or sherbets, or even in plain water;
-a substitute for this may sometimes be found in Gokroo, in cucumber
-seeds, or some such cooling medicine. A distilled water from it is in
-use. In one case where I used the Putalphoorie, I found, that while
-fresh and green, it was not so beneficial, and induced costiveness; but
-when dried and given, it was much more effectual and less
-prejudicial.</p>
-<p id="p141" class="par"><span class="parNum">141</span> <span class=
-"sc">Puturjenie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;
-&#1580;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Lichmuna</i> and
-<i>Lichmunie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p142" class="par"><span class="parNum">142</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butchudder</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1670;&#1607;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A species of the
-<i>Catechu tree</i>; hot and astringent, beneficial in Aphtha,
-tooth-ache, blood, itch, poisons, and phlegm. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb34" href="#pb34" name="pb34">34</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p143" class="par"><span class="parNum">143</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budjaesaar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1580;&#1575;&#1610;&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a tree; the best sort is called Bidjaesaar; it is beneficial in
-Juzam, ptyalism, white leprosy, seminal weakness, ascarides in the
-rectum, disorders of bile and blood, cleansing the fluids,
-strengthening the roots of the hair, and it is well known as an
-ingredient in many formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p144" class="par"><span class="parNum">144</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bitchoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1670;&#1607;&#1608;</span>, (Scorpion.).&mdash;A.
-<i>Akrub</i>. Its medicinal properties are described in Yunani works.
-<i>Bitchoo Diriag</i> is small and of a blackish color, tinged with
-red, and has a sting on its <i>head</i> with which it wounds; its eyes
-are pointed, and its head is large in proportion to its body. The
-author of the <i>Dara Shekoi</i> supposes this to be the <i>Singee</i>
-fish.</p>
-<p id="p145" class="par"><span class="parNum">145</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bejoura</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1580;&#1607;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Utrudj</i>, though some describe them as distinct species.</p>
-<p id="p146" class="par"><span class="parNum">146</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;<i>Acorus Calamus</i>, W.
-<i>Vacha</i>, S. Sweet-scented flag, <i>Acorus Odorant</i>, F.
-<i>Kalamus Nurtzil</i>, G. <i>Calamo Aromatica</i>, J. <i>Acoro
-Calamo</i>, S. <i>Wedj</i>. A. <i>Agrtoorki</i>. P. One kind of this is
-white; both kinds are bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic: loosens mucus
-from the throat, cures itch, mucous disorders, epilepsy, idiotism, the
-influence of evil spirits. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is
-written, that the Indians have a belief, that if the <i>butch</i> be
-taken, cut in small pieces, and put into an earthen pot, with ghee
-sufficient to cover it about an inch, that is one part of the butch and
-two of ghee, and this pot placed in Jow for 40 days, and 15 mashas of
-this taken daily, it will cure paralysis and loss of memory, and all
-complaints arising from cold.</p>
-<p id="p147" class="par"><span class="parNum">147</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budgerkund</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1580;&#1585;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1672;</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Soorun</i>, q.
-vide.</p>
-<p id="p148" class="par"><span class="parNum">148</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beechnak</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1587;
-&#1606;&#1575;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;The name of a poison; vide
-<i>Singia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p149" class="par"><span class="parNum">149</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedareekund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1672;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Baraikund</i>. Of this
-two kinds are described; one of which is white, and called
-<i>Chitturkund</i>; the properties of all are alike.</p>
-<p id="p150" class="par"><span class="parNum">150</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedarkee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1603;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;Also a
-name for <i>Bedareekund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p151" class="par"><span class="parNum">151</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budhill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1583;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Indian
-<i>Suffergill</i> (as it is called); the fruit of a large tree, very
-common all over India; the tree is like a middle-sized Jamin; its
-leaves are broad and longer than the Daak, but the latter is round,
-whereas this is longish, irregular on the back, and very brittle; when
-ripe the fruit is of a sweet <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb35" href=
-"#pb35" name="pb35">35</a>]</span>acid taste, and when unripe it is
-perfectly sour; when about half ripe, it is hot, heavy, and flatulent,
-producing wind, disorders of bile, decreasing aphrodisia and appetite,
-and increasing phlegm; when ripe its properties are quite the reverse;
-but with respect to the disorders produced by suffusion of bile, I have
-not ascertained if it is beneficial or otherwise. The <i>Dara
-Shekoi</i> has not noticed this medicine, and for my information I am
-indebted to works of Hindoostan. As far as I can judge, it increases
-the tone of the stomach, raises the spirits; but taken in quantities,
-it is difficult of digestion and produces flatulence. It is acid, and
-therefore remedies bile, but it increases cough. The kernel is
-astringent.</p>
-<p id="p152" class="par"><span class="parNum">152</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedhara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1583;&#1607;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-India, brought from the hills; it is a light wood about the thickness
-of liquorice root; bitter and astringent, hot and aperient. It is
-aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind, phlegm, and blood; also in
-swellings of the body, seminal weakness, and forms an ingredient in
-many approved formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p153" class="par"><span class="parNum">153</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudmeinie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1583;&#1605;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;(The <i>Winter
-Lilly</i>.) The flower of the <i>Kawul</i>; sweet and cool, heavy and
-stomachic, astringent and useful in disorders of bile, mucus, and
-blood. A. <i>Neelophir</i>.</p>
-<p id="p154" class="par"><span class="parNum">154</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudumcharnie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1583;&#1605;
-&#1670;&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of the above,
-with few leaves; light and beneficial in mucous disorders and
-suppression of urine, and it hardens the matrix. For a more particular
-account, see Kawul.</p>
-<p id="p155" class="par"><span class="parNum">155</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudumrauj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1583;&#1605;&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;Sweet and
-astringent; cool and aperient; it strengthens the eyes, corrects
-corpulence, cures boils, eruptions, and is an antidote to poison. A.
-<i>Yacootlal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p156" class="par"><span class="parNum">156</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pedloon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1583;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A kind of salt;
-vide <i>Noon</i>. The salt of lead, called also <i>Kutchloon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p157" class="par"><span class="parNum">157</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burrh</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1681;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-large tree of Hindoostan, very common, cool and heavy; astringent,
-useful in mucous disorders, in bile, boils, and eruptions. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is called <i>Reesha</i> in Persian. If the
-milk is applied to swellings or boils, it will effect a cure by
-resolution; or if applied to the eye, will remove specks on the cornea.
-If a tooth be at all loose, the milk applied to it will cause it to
-fall out without pain, but care must be taken that it be not applied to
-the sound tooth. If the bark <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb36" href=
-"#pb36" name="pb36">36</a>]</span>of the tree be put into the pan in
-which fish is fried, it will soften the bones. The young shoots of the
-hanging roots and the bark, are cool, dry, and astringent; the milk is
-hot and powerful; the fruit less so. If the above-mentioned young
-shoots be bruised and put into a cloth, and heated over the fire, it
-forms an excellent and affectual application to lumbago or other
-rheumatic affections. The fruit, ate with milk and sugar, is mentioned
-as aphrodisiac, and increasing certain secretions. The young shoots of
-the pendent roots and leaves, and the bark are astringent, and useful
-in diarrh&oelig;a. The leaf-buds are also recommended for the same
-complaint, dressed with meat or otherwise.</p>
-<p id="p158" class="par"><span class="parNum">158</span> <span class=
-"sc">Birnaan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1722;&#1575;&#1606;</span> or <span class=
-"sc">Burna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A tree of
-<i>Adjmere</i>; the wood of which is used for making beads, which from
-their beauty are sent to different places as presents. Its medicinal
-property is hot and aperient, stomachic, beneficial in disorders of the
-blood, phlegm, wind, dysuria, and emaciation; it is vermifuge, and
-lithontriptic.</p>
-<p id="p159" class="par"><span class="parNum">159</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purpeeloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1662;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The <i>Araaq
-Hindu&#299;</i>. Cool, and useful in itch, Juzam, hemorrhoids,
-disorders of blood, mucus, and bile.</p>
-<p id="p160" class="par"><span class="parNum">160</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beridda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1610;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-Hindoostan; cool, and grateful, increasing seminal secretion, removing
-cough, hectic fever, disorders of blood, and phlegm, and increasing the
-strength of the solids.</p>
-<p id="p161" class="par"><span class="parNum">161</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pereshtpurnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1610;&#1588;&#1657;&#1607;&#1577;
-&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>P&aelig;thaon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p162" class="par"><span class="parNum">162</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berchakund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1670;&#1575;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Pindaloo</i>; another kind is called <i>Roomus</i>, also
-<i>Mudwull</i>; a third kind is <i>Sunkal</i>; a fourth
-<i>Kashtall</i>; a fifth <i>Hustaloo</i>; a sixth <i>Rucktall</i>,
-called <i>Ruckutkund</i>. All these roots are sweet, cool, dry, and
-flatulent; also aperient. They give tone to the urinary bladder, remove
-eruptions (the consequence of suffused bile), increase semen, phlegm,
-and wind; they strengthen the solids, are slow of digestion, and
-increase the secretion of milk. <i>Pindaloo</i> is somewhat bitter and
-hot, heavy, mucilaginous, and diuretic. <i>Mudwall</i> increases bile,
-and is bitter; but it is beneficial in mucous disorders.</p>
-<p id="p163" class="par"><span class="parNum">163</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barumbie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1576;&#1609;</span> or <span class=
-"sc">Soonputtie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1662;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Sweet, cool,
-aperient, light; increases the powers of perception and memory, clears
-the voice, cures Juzam, jaundice, seminal weakness, foulness of the
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb37" href="#pb37" name=
-"pb37">37</a>]</span>blood, and cough; is an antidote to poisons,
-beneficial in swelling of the body, in bilious affections, and is a
-common ingredient in all useful formul&aelig;. A. <i>Zernub</i>.</p>
-<p id="p164" class="par"><span class="parNum">164</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burberi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Hermodaclytes</i>. Cool, strong, dry; increases the general heat and
-bile, cures disorders of the blood, phlegm, daad, and worms. It is an
-antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p165" class="par"><span class="parNum">165</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bureeja</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1610;&#1580;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Kuna</i>, (<i>Galbanum</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p166" class="par"><span class="parNum">166</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berehta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1607;&#1578;&#1575;</span> or <span class=
-"sc">Berehti</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1607;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;(Sorrel)?
-(but the first is the common name.) <i>Kuthai</i>; some say, that both
-kinds of <i>Kuthai</i> are called <i>Berehti</i>; but it is not so, the
-small kind only goes by that name. <i>Karenta</i> and <i>Kutla</i> are
-both names of the large <i>Kuthai</i>, and <i>Kuthlee</i>; and
-<i>Kuntkaree</i> and <i>Kuntkalka</i>, are names for the small
-<i>Kuthai</i>. It is hot and astringent, <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e5359" title="Source: strenghthens">strengthens</span> the animal
-spirits; is stomachic, and a pleasant addition to the flavor of food.
-It is used in disorders of mucus and blood, wind, worms, ascarides in
-the rectum, Juzam, fever, asthma, pain in the bowels, cough, dysuria,
-emaciation, Badgola. It is lithontriptic, and in P. is called
-<i>Badinjandyshtee</i>. The flower called <i>Gulkhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p167" class="par"><span class="parNum">167</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purbal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-Coral; see <i>Moonga</i>.</p>
-<p id="p168" class="par"><span class="parNum">168</span> <span class=
-"sc">Byrumbseerjella</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1605;
-&#1587;&#1585;&#1580;&#1604;&#1575;</span>, vide Hurhurra.</p>
-<p id="p169" class="par"><span class="parNum">169</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peertuckhpirnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1578;&#1603;
-&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e5400"
-title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A species of
-<i>Peereshtpirnee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p170" class="par"><span class="parNum">170</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buryara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1610;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Indian
-Mallow, (Sida cordifolia, W. Sida Rhombifolia, W. Sida
-Rhomboid&oelig;a, Roxb. MS. Sp. Ch.) Shrubby, erect, ramous; leaves
-short, petioled, rhomboid-lanceolate, serrate, 3-nerved, villous;
-stipules sitaceous. Peduncles axillary, solitary, shorter than the
-leaves, one-flowered, capsules 12, without beak, Roxb. MS.&rdquo; A
-very light flower of Hindoostan, cool and dry, demulcent and emolient;
-it promotes seminal secretion, and cures disorders of the spirits,
-gonorrh&oelig;a, and seminal weakness. Take 24 grs. of the dried flower
-in powder, and eat with milk and sugar, for the cure of the
-above-mentioned disorders. Ext. <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>.</p>
-<p id="p171" class="par"><span class="parNum">171</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burruntaaki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1606;&#1578;&#1575;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Buretta</i>.</p>
-<p id="p172" class="par"><span class="parNum">172</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purundha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Mahameet</i>.</p>
-<p id="p173" class="par"><span class="parNum">173</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pursarnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1585;&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Hot
-and purgative, pungent and strengthening; expels wind, disperses
-phlegm, &amp;c. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, <i>Pursarnie</i> is
-said to be a medicine of India; hot and dry, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb38" href="#pb38" name=
-"pb38">38</a>]</span>beneficial in leprosy, boils and pains in the
-joints, mucous disorders, and flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p174" class="par"><span class="parNum">174</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berahumnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1607;&#1729;&#1605;&#1606;&#1609;</span>, or
-<i>Berrumdundie</i> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1607;&#1605;
-&#1583;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A wild plant, growing very
-low, with very thin branches and dark-red flowers, having small
-prickles on them; it is sweet, cool and light, increases knowledge and
-memory, relieves pains in the back, clears the voice, and is useful in
-marasmus, seminal weakness, and fever. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>,
-it is thus described&mdash;<i>Beramdundie</i>, a medicine of India,
-with prickles on its flowers; hot and dry: seven scruples in powder
-taken in cow&rsquo;s milk, increases memory; is aphrodisiac, and
-beneficial in mania; it also removes too great irritability in the
-seminal vessels.</p>
-<p id="p175" class="par"><span class="parNum">175</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berahumie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1585;&#1607;&#1605;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;I have given a
-description of this separately, as it is so done in the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>. A medicine of India, of the <span class="corr"
-id="xd24e5499" title="Source: herbt ribe">herb tribe</span>; pungent,
-astringent, hot and dry in the 2d degree; beneficial in cholicks,
-phlegm, epilepsy, depression of spirits, fever from mucus, and delirium
-from cold; it is also stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p176" class="par"><span class="parNum">176</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peroza</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;&#1586;&#1575;</span>, or
-<i>Berektummun</i>.&mdash;A common stone, called in India
-<i>Feroza</i>. It is astringent and sweet, stomachic, and an antidote
-to all poisons.</p>
-<p id="p177" class="par"><span class="parNum">177</span> <span class=
-"sc">Biscopra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1587;&#1603;&#1608;&#1662;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Trianthema
-Pentandra.</i> A wild grass, of a spreading kind, about 1&frac12; or a
-yard long; its leaves are like those of the Bookla Yemania, but rather
-less; its flowers are of a red yellowish color, and the whole plant
-forms itself into a circle on the ground of about half a yard in
-diameter. It is bitter, sweet, hot and dry, also aperient. It cures
-boils, disorders from mucus, bile, blood, wind, swellings, and creates
-appetite. It forms an ingredient in many formul&aelig;. One kind of
-this is red, and is called <i>Rukit Bhitt</i>; bitter and powerfully
-stomachic; cool, light, and inducing costiveness; producing wind,
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.</p>
-<p id="p178" class="par"><span class="parNum">178</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pystha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1587;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-<i>Pistachio Nut</i>. Sweet, hot, oleaginous, heavy, aphrodisiac, and
-detergent; useful in disorders of wind and mucus, and difficult of
-digestion. A. <i>Fystuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p179" class="par"><span class="parNum">179</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pysturling</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1587;&#1578;&#1585;&#1604;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A
-name of <i>Chitchera</i> or <i>Chirchera</i>, so called from its fixing
-itself in one&rsquo;s clothes. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb39"
-href="#pb39" name="pb39">39</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p180" class="par"><span class="parNum">180</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bussunti</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1587;&#1606;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A flower of a
-yellow color; cool, light, pungent, powerfully diminishing all the
-secretions and sensible perspiration. Of a sweet smell, and pleasant to
-the taste.</p>
-<p id="p181" class="par"><span class="parNum">181</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bishnookrantha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1588;&#1606;&#1608;&#1603;&#1585;&#1575;&#1606;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;
-A kind of <i>Biscopra</i>, of a pungent nature, strengthening the
-mental faculties; vermifuge; beneficial in boils, eruptions and mucous
-disorders. Some writers have given it under the head <i>Kuneyr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p182" class="par"><span class="parNum">182</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bishash</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1588;&#1575;&#1588;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Oostoochoodoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p183" class="par"><span class="parNum">183</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boqun</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1603;&#1606;</span>, or
-<i>Bookla</i>, or <i>Book</i>.&mdash;A plant, the branches of which are
-very thin, the leaves small, long and pointed; the flowers small and
-white, growing on every knot of the plant; they are round, useful in
-disorders from poison, phlegm, bile, and in dysuria. It also is
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in general heat and delirium.</p>
-<p id="p184" class="par"><span class="parNum">184</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bukochie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1603;&#1608;&#1670;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Conyza</i>,
-or <i>Serratula Anthelmintica</i>. One kind of which is white, both
-sweet, astringent, and stomachic, powerfully cool and dry. They are
-aperient, producing flatulent, tension of the belly, promote appetite,
-and useful in disorders of blood and bile, difficulty of breathing,
-leprosy, seminal weakness, fever, and worms. The plant is carminative,
-and its seed increases bile, is useful in white leprosy, disorders of
-wind and phlegm, and forms an ingredient in many of the formula.</p>
-<p id="p185" class="par"><span class="parNum">185</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bagerie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Alauda.</i> A
-bird, the flesh of which is cool, sweet, and dry; beneficial in
-disorders of bile and mucus. In my opinion it is hot and aphrodisiac;
-also cardiac, and increases corpulency; it cleanses the blood, and is a
-very proper food for aged persons, those of a cold temperament, or such
-as labour under cold diseases.</p>
-<p id="p186" class="par"><span class="parNum">186</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bukaen</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1603;&#1575;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;<i>Melia
-Sempervirens.</i> (A species of the bead-tree.) The Hindoos call it
-<i>Mahaneeb</i>, vide M. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus
-described: <i>Bukaen</i>, is a common tree, cool, dry, and bitter;
-useful in disorders of the blood, gravel, swellings, and miliary
-eruptions, also piles and lumbago. If 9 mashas of the seed be bruised,
-mixed with equal parts of sugar, and taken every morning in water, it
-will stop the discharge from the bleeding piles; or if a seer of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e5675" title="Source: th eseeds">the
-seeds</span>, when they have become yellow, be infused in two seers of
-water, and buried in the ground for 21 <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb40" href="#pb40" name="pb40">40</a>]</span>days, taken out, and
-&frac14; seer drank every morning for six months, it will certainly
-cure leprosy; both Juzam and white.</p>
-<p id="p187" class="par"><span class="parNum">187</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pushanbedh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1588;&#1575;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1583;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Jeuntiana</i>. Its oil
-is equally beneficial, as that before recommended for strengthening
-particular organs. This and the Jeuntian are of a very different
-appearance, they are either distinct plants, or have become different
-from peculiarity of soil or cultivation. It is a root of a dirty-red
-color, or when broken, of a bright red; in figure a little crooked. It
-is cool and laxative; it is lithontriptic, cures seminal weakness, and
-gonorrh&oelig;a. My late uncle used half of this, and half
-<i>Mendhi</i>, as an application to the inside of the hands and soles
-of the feet of women laboring under immoderate flow of the menses, and
-equal benefit was derived, as is usually done from the <i>Mendhi</i>.
-In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is called cool and dry, removing
-flatulence, bile, thirst, heat, dysuria, gravel, contraction of the
-urethra, and difficult menstruation.</p>
-<p class="par">For the cure of the above-mentioned complaints, it is to
-be given in water; but for seminal weakness, gonorrh&oelig;a, dysuria,
-&amp;c. it is to be taken in goat&rsquo;s milk. The dose is six mashas.
-It grows in stony places.</p>
-<p id="p188" class="par"><span class="parNum">188</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buckree</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1603;&#1585;&#1609;</span>, or <i>Ch&egrave;rie</i>, q.
-vide</p>
-<p id="p189" class="par"><span class="parNum">189</span> <span class=
-"sc">Becktindeek</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1603;&#1578;&#1606;&#1583;&#1610;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Teindoo</i>, q. vide</p>
-<p id="p190" class="par"><span class="parNum">190</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palass</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1604;&#1575;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;<i>Butea Frondosa.</i>
-A very common tree, called also <i>Pullae</i>; it is a large forest
-tree, which in season loses its leaves and throws out flowers of an
-orange or fire color; its leaves are oval; their breadth about 3 or 4
-inches; it is hot, laxative, and stomachic; used in boils, eruptions,
-Badqola, gravel, piles, worms, and broken bones. It is written, that
-when the white flowers of the Daak are found, and any one shall eat the
-seeds and the bark of them, their hearts will be cleansed, their
-understanding increased, and they shall then ever be endowed with
-supernatural knowledge; it may be advisable to eat <i>moong ka dall</i>
-along with it. Its flowers are called <i>Tesoo</i>; they are
-astringent, curing disorders of mucus, bile, blood, and difficulty in
-making water. If a decoction is prepared from the flowers, and poured
-warm from a height on the parts, it will be found useful in pains of
-the kidneys, bladder, and in suppression of urine. It is diuretic, and
-if <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb41" href="#pb41" name=
-"pb41">41</a>]</span>given with medicines of that class, it will add
-greatly to their efficacy. The flowers are excellent as a fomentation
-in pains; also hydrocele and schirrous swellings of the testicle may be
-greatly benefitted by it. The seeds called <i>Palass papra</i>, are hot
-and light; they cure seminal weakness, piles, worms, and disorders of
-wind and mucus. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, &ldquo;<i>Palass
-papra</i> is said to be like the seed of the <i>Amultas</i>, round,
-broad, and thin, of a dark-brown color; its kernel white, or yellowish,
-and perfectly insipid: it is oleaginous, and smells when chewed.&rdquo;
-In my opinion, it is useful in phlegm, and the root is beneficial in
-cholic. The nurses of Hindoostan put one seed into the mixture, which
-they exhibit after parturition, with much benefit, as it is cardiac.
-The capsule when whole is also used in decoction. The dose to an adult
-is four or five seeds, but beyond that, the opinion of the physician is
-necessary. I have used the bark of the seed and the capsule made into
-pills, with great success, when mixed with <i>Goor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p191" class="par"><span class="parNum">191</span> <span class=
-"sc">Belaikund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrabad.</i>&rdquo;
-A medicine of India, also called <i>Pullai</i> seed, or <i>Kaika</i>; a
-seed red, round, and about the size of a pice, but thinner: it is light
-as a leaf, and is hot, and dry in the third degree. Applied to blisters
-on the tongue, to boils, or other eruptions; it removes the bad skin,
-and cleanses the parts below. It is purgative; removes wind, and every
-complaint of mucus, cold, or itch; its corrector is ghee, or butter,
-and its succedaneum <i>Koonush</i>. The dose is three and a half masha,
-or 12 grains.</p>
-<p id="p192" class="par"><span class="parNum">192</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palass Peepul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1604;&#1575;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Hibiscus
-Populneoides</i>, (Roxb.) A large tree, of the <i>Peepul</i> kind; its
-leaves and fruit large, moist and aphrodisiac; producing phlegm and
-worms.</p>
-<p id="p193" class="par"><span class="parNum">193</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pulwull</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1604;
-&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Trichosanthes Di&oelig;ca</i>, (Roxb.)
-A culinary vegetable, of the cucumber kind, oval in its shape; the
-plant low, and creeping, like the <i>Kanoorie</i> or <i>Cutcherie</i>;
-they sometimes sow it with the <i>Paan</i>. It is eaten either (when
-boiled) by itself, or dressed with meat; it is hot and moist; promotes
-digestion; and strengthens the stomach and powers of virility; creates
-appetite; cures cough and disorders of the blood, and lessens the other
-three secretions. It is also beneficial in fevers, boils, and
-eruptions. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb42" href="#pb42" name=
-"pb42">42</a>]</span>It is vermifuge; its leaves are cooling, and cure
-disorders. Its branches remove superabundance of phlegm, and its root
-is pungent and aperient, strengthening the stomach. Equal in its
-degree. Again, it is said to be a fruit eaten by the people of India,
-sown and cultivated with the <i>Paan</i>, because it delights in shady
-places. Useful in fever, piles, and mental debility; it is aperient and
-promotes digestion; and some say, an antidote to poison.</p>
-<p id="p194" class="par"><span class="parNum">194</span> <span class=
-"sc">Billie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The Cat; its meat is sweet,
-hot, and moist: of use in mucous and flatulent disorders.</p>
-<p id="p195" class="par"><span class="parNum">195</span> <span class=
-"sc">Billoousseeke</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e5860" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1603;&#1609;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1610;&#1603;</span></span>.&mdash;Astringent;
-removes disorders of wind, phlegm, cholick, or other pain of the
-bowels. The <i>Bale</i> which bears no fruit, is called by this
-name.</p>
-<p id="p196" class="par"><span class="parNum">196</span> <span class=
-"sc">Byll</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Crat&oelig;va</i>, or
-<i>&AElig;gle Marmelos</i>. The fruit of jungle-tree, like the Quince;
-called also <i>Bale</i>.</p>
-<p id="p197" class="par"><span class="parNum">197</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bylla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Shahudae</i>, <i>Keekwon</i>, <i>Kangi</i>, and <i>Bursali</i>.</p>
-<p id="p198" class="par"><span class="parNum">198</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bulka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Likewise a name for
-<i>Kangi</i>.</p>
-<p id="p199" class="par"><span class="parNum">199</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Epidendrum
-Tessillatum</i>, (Missletoe.) <i>Epidendron Tesseloides</i>, (Roxb.) I
-know not whether this is in itself a tree, or a shrub, or from whence
-it makes its appearance; but it is found growing from the branches of
-other trees. It is dry, and beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, and
-blood; in boils and eruptions, and as an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p200" class="par"><span class="parNum">200</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pynvar</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1606;&#1610;
-&#1608;&#1585;</span> or <i>T&oelig;roota</i>.&mdash;A species of
-<i>Cassia Obtusifolia</i>. A wild shrub of India, about one or one and
-a half yard high, its seed is used for food, and is reckoned among the
-farin&aelig;; it grows like the <i>Mooth</i>, especially when it is
-split down the middle. The color of the capsule is brownish, long, and
-has an indented mark on both sides. It is sweet, cool, dry, light, and
-useful in disorders of wind, bile, Juzam, Daad, and worms. It also
-produces an exhilaration of the spirits. I have found that three masha
-bruised, and mixed with a pound of curdled milk, placed in an earthen
-vessel for three days, till it becomes fermented, is very useful when
-externally applied in psora and other kinds of itch. The seed is
-heating, and generally mentioned as such. It is also light, and
-beneficial in itch, Daad, Zaerbad, Soorkhbad, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb43" href="#pb43" name="pb43">43</a>]</span>and
-produces phlegm. Its leaves and young stalks are light; and produce
-flatulence and mucus. It is called by many <i>Chukwund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p201" class="par"><span class="parNum">201</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ponauk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1575;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;An Indian flower, sweet
-and cool; useful in disorders of the blood, bile, and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p202" class="par"><span class="parNum">202</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;In
-Arabic <i>Vaheel</i>. P. <i>Lae</i>, (wet clay). Cool and laxative;
-useful in general heat in hemorrhoids, and in swellings of the
-body.</p>
-<p id="p203" class="par"><span class="parNum">203</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunbele</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e5997" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1606; &#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span></span>.&mdash;The flower of the wild
-Raibele. It is astringent, lithontriptic, and recommended in mucous and
-windy disorders, and in suppression of urine.</p>
-<p id="p204" class="par"><span class="parNum">204</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindole</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1583;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A white earth,
-used for cleaning houses; sweet, cool, moist, astringent, and
-beneficial in that species of leprosy, called Soorkhbad; also in
-bilious disorders, and affections of the uterus. It is also said to
-clear the complexion.</p>
-<p id="p205" class="par"><span class="parNum">205</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pendaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;<i>Trewia
-Nudiflora</i>, (Lin.) <i>Rottlera Indica</i>, (Wild.) This is of two
-kinds; a white, and a red. The latter is probably that called
-<i>Roomis</i>, vide R.; the white is always called <i>Pendaloo</i>. It
-is sweet, cool; difficult of digestion; aphrodisiac; useful in
-lessening bilious secretion, in dysuria and heat, and in heightening
-the animal spirits.</p>
-<p id="p206" class="par"><span class="parNum">206</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindaluck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1603;</span>, or
-<i>Pindal</i>, vide <i>Pendaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p207" class="par"><span class="parNum">207</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunpowarie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1662;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-flower of the wild <i>Powarie</i>, which blows in the hot weather;
-there is one kind of this, which flowers in the rains; both are bitter,
-cool, light; lessens the three principal secretions, and is useful in
-affections of the ear, nose, and mouth.</p>
-<p id="p208" class="par"><span class="parNum">208</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindkhajoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1672;&#1603;&#1607;&#1580;&#1608;&#1585;</span>,
-vide <i>Bhoomkhajoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p209" class="par"><span class="parNum">209</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punna</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the stone, called <i>Zamoorud</i>.</p>
-<p id="p210" class="par"><span class="parNum">210</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunslochun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1587;&#1604;&#1608;&#1670;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A
-substance produced in the hollow joints of the bamboo; cool and
-allaying thirst; removing hectic fever, common fever, difficulty of
-breathing, bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and jaundice. It is
-called in Arabic <i>Tubasheer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p211" class="par"><span class="parNum">211</span> <span class=
-"sc">Poondereek</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1610;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Kawul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p212" class="par"><span class="parNum">212</span> <span class=
-"sc">Benowla</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e6123" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1662;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span></span>.&mdash;The
-Cotton-seed. Moist, and heavy; causes bile, increases seminal secretion
-and milk, both in the human and brute creation.</p>
-<p id="p213" class="par"><span class="parNum">213</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punchcheer</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e6134" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1662;&#1606;&#1670; &#1670;&#1610;&#1606;&#1609;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1580;
-&#1670;&#1610;&#1586;</span></span>.&mdash;Name of a compound made of
-the milk of five trees; viz. <i>Burr</i>, <i>Peepul</i>, <i>Palass
-peepul</i>, <i>Goolur</i>, <i>Pakur</i>; <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb44" href="#pb44" name="pb44">44</a>]</span>some, in place of
-<i>Palass peepul</i> substitute the <i>Seriss</i>. It is astringent,
-useful in boils, eruptions, swellings, and sudden inflammatory
-eruptions; (Eczema Rubrum;) also affections of the vagina. It increases
-seminal secretion and milk, and promotes the union of fractured limbs.
-The leaves of the above-mentioned trees are cool, light, and
-astringent; very beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, and the blood;
-their fruit produces swellings of the belly, but is useful in eruptions
-caused by superabundance of bile and disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p214" class="par"><span class="parNum">214</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pungekool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1580;
-&#1603;&#1608;&#1604; &#1662;&#1606;&#1670;
-&#1603;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A formula of four ingredients; viz.
-<i>Peepul</i>, <i>Peepulajab</i>, <i>Chittea</i>, and <i>dried
-Ginger</i>. It creates appetite, and is recommended in disorders of
-wind, mucus, swellings of the belly, produced by affections of the
-urinary bladder, and bad-gola.</p>
-<p id="p215" class="par"><span class="parNum">215</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punjemool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1670;
-&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Two kinds, called large and small,
-by way of distinction. The large is composed of <i>Bale</i>,
-<i>Aginmunth</i>, <i>Padill</i>, <i>K&aacute;shmerie Sheonak</i>. Its
-taste is bitter and astringent; it is light, hot, and stomachic;
-dissolves animal fat, cures disorders of phlegm, wind, and difficulty
-of breathing. The small is composed of <i>Gookhroo</i>,
-<i>Salpurbi</i>, <i>Bureshtpurbi</i>, <i>Bereta</i>, <i>Rutai</i>. Its
-taste is sweet, and its properties are in equilibrium. It strengthens
-the system in general, and is useful in disorders of bile and wind.</p>
-<p id="p216" class="par"><span class="parNum">216</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bindaal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A creeping
-plant, which is found on trees; it resembles the <i>Kusseroo</i>, and
-its seed is dark-colored, like those of the Till. Its capsule is
-somewhat larger than that of the <i>Kusseroo</i>, covered with a black
-rind, which also covers a second. It is very beneficial in the
-<i>Zaerbad</i> of horses; is pungent, and creates appetite, and is
-useful in wind and mucus. It is common to hills, plains, and ditches.
-In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is said to be a cure for hydrophobia,
-in the quantity of two fruits mixed with black pepper. It is said to be
-an Indian fruit like the black Hurrhe, light, bitter and elastic: its
-rind is hard; and the best kind of it is yellow. It is hot and dry in
-the 3rd degree. If pounded and sifted, and after a motion introduced
-into the rectum, it will in a few days cause the separation of
-hemorrhoids and their discharge. A fumigation of these seeds is also
-very beneficial <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb45" href="#pb45" name=
-"pb45">45</a>]</span>in external piles. If they are bruised and mixed
-with cow&rsquo;s <i>ghee</i>, and introduced into the nose, they will
-cure irritability of temper and epilepsy, and remove all complaints
-arising from wind. If two or three seeds be moistened with water for a
-night, and in the morning two or three drops be introduced into the
-nose, it will produce the discharge of that yellow fluid from the brain
-which causes the disease named <i>Pirbaal</i>, or loss of sensation in
-the olfactory nerves.</p>
-<p id="p217" class="par"><span class="parNum">217</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bindeakurkotheki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;&#1610;&#1575;&#1603;&#1585;&#1603;&#1657;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Banjekakora</i>, so called from its barrenness; pungent,
-useful in poisons and cough.</p>
-<p id="p218" class="par"><span class="parNum">218</span> <span class=
-"sc">Puns</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kutel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p219" class="par"><span class="parNum">219</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punnus</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e6287" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1662;&#1606;&#1587;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;</span></span>.&mdash;An appellation
-for <i>Lackutch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p220" class="par"><span class="parNum">220</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punealae</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1610;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-plant, &ldquo;<i>Flacourtia Catafracta</i>;&rdquo; the fruit of which
-resembles the <i>Zerdaloo</i>, and is itself like to the <i>Neemb</i>
-tree; the leaves are like those of the ratan; unripe, it is green, but
-when ripe red.</p>
-<p id="p221" class="par"><span class="parNum">221</span> <span class=
-"sc">Poiey</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Basella Alba
-et Rubra.</i>&rdquo; A culinary vegetable which grows slow and
-creeping; its fruit is black; cool and moist; it is heavy and rough in
-the throat, thickens the voice, is soporific; promotes the secretion of
-semen and mucus, and cures eruptions from bilious disorder.</p>
-<p id="p222" class="par"><span class="parNum">222</span> <span class=
-"sc">Podhka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1583;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;</span> or
-<i>Boleserie</i>.&mdash;A large tree with very beautiful flowers, of a
-sweet smell. It bears fruit like, or rather having the color of the
-orange, in size and shape like the <i>Baer</i>, or <i>Bulooth</i>; it
-is cool, beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and affections of the
-teeth, as has been ascertained by experience. The fruit is cool and
-astringent, flatulent, and diminishes phlegm and bile. If chewed and
-kept in the mouth, it cures tooth-ache.</p>
-<p id="p223" class="par"><span class="parNum">223</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boont</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1608;&#1606;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cicer
-Arietenum.</i>&rdquo; The green, unripe Gram. It is in the opinion of
-Indian physicians cool and dry; allays chordee; increases wind; is
-light, flatulent, and also favors secretion of bile and blood. The
-Yunani physicians differ very materially from those of Hindoostan
-respecting its properties.</p>
-<p id="p224" class="par"><span class="parNum">224</span> <span class=
-"sc">Potie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cyprinus
-Chyssopareius</i>,&rdquo; (Buch.) A very small fish; heavy, and
-increasing phlegm; it is the smallest of all <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb46" href="#pb46" name="pb46">46</a>]</span>fish;
-sweet to the taste, beneficial in all the three secretions, All the
-varieties of small fish are strengthening and aphrodisiac; stomachic,
-and useful in affections of wind and cough.</p>
-<p id="p225" class="par"><span class="parNum">225</span> <span class=
-"sc">Potuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1578;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A kind of honey, resembling
-<i>ghee</i>; hot, dry, and light.</p>
-<p id="p226" class="par"><span class="parNum">226</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ponda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Saccharum
-Officinarum</i>, (Sugar-cane). Sweet, cool, moist, heavy, and
-aphrodisiac; strengthening the system; enlivening the flow of animal
-spirits; beneficial in bilious disorders, and is diuretic. It increases
-the secretion of mucus, and breeds worms in the intestines.</p>
-<p class="par">That which is of a red color, is cool and heavy, and
-allays general heat; useful in disorders of bile and blood: remedies
-suppression of urine. The black Sugar-cane is in its properties like
-that which is white. The very best is cool and moist, aphrodisiac,
-laxative, and increases mucus.</p>
-<p id="p227" class="par"><span class="parNum">227</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bole</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<span class=
-"sc">Myrrha.</span>&rdquo; A name for <span class="sc">myrrh</span>;
-cool, increases knowledge; creates appetite; improves a relish for
-food; cleanses the uterus; beneficial in disorders of the blood and
-bile, and in Juzam.</p>
-<p id="p228" class="par"><span class="parNum">228</span> <span class=
-"sc">Podeena</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1608;&#1583;&#1610;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mentha
-Sativa</i>, W. <i>Mentha Crissa</i>, Murray, ii. 178, <i>Mentha
-viridis</i>, Woodville, iii. 463.&rdquo; Arabic, <i>Nana</i>. It is hot
-and dry; promotes digestion; allays vomiting from phlegm; is vermifuge,
-peculiarly aphrodisiac; increases eye-sight, and is astringent.</p>
-<p id="p229" class="par"><span class="parNum">229</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phalisae</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;&#1610;&#1587;&#1575;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Ph&aacute;lsa</i>.&mdash;The fruit of a tree of Hindoostan, of two
-kinds. One sweet, the other acid; the first is called <i>Shukurie</i>,
-the second <i>Sherbuttee</i>. The tree of one is small, not above a
-yard high. The other is as large as a mulberry tree. The fruit of the
-acid kind is the largest; its leaves large, round, and partially
-indented. The fruit is at first green, and astringent; when nearly ripe
-it is rich, and when it arrives at maturity it assumes a dark-purple
-color; when red, it is very acid; and when purple, of a sweetish
-acidity. The fruit is like the nightshade berry, or even larger. It is
-very grateful to the taste, and beneficial in disorders arising from a
-redundance of bile and blood; loosens phlegm, and is less prejudicial
-than any other <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb47" href="#pb47" name=
-"pb47">47</a>]</span>acid fruits. It is also astringent; allays thirst;
-strengthens the stomach and system. Its sherbet is excellent in
-strengthening the circulation, and removing depression of spirits in
-heat, fever, and giving tone to the stomach. It is also recommended in
-many other disorders. Its sherbet is a corrector of the mogane. If 48
-grains of the bark of the root of the sweet Ph&aacute;lsa be infused
-for a night in water, and then rubbed and strained, the infusion forms
-an excellent remedy in ardor urin&aelig; and gonorrh&oelig;a; yet the
-sweet kind is less cooling than the acid species, though I have found
-the former the most effectual in giving strength to the circulation and
-to the stomach. The expressed juice of the Ph&aacute;lsa in water,
-boiled, is used as a condiment.</p>
-<p id="p230" class="par"><span class="parNum">230</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhangra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Eclipta</i>,
-or <i>Verbesina Prostrata</i>. A small creeping plant; its flowers very
-minute. Some of them white, others of a dark color; the leaves small,
-in branches and leaves resembling the mint. Another species is called
-<i>Kookur Bhangra</i>; the plant of which is high, long, and large. It
-is found at the bottom of old walls. It is bitter, hot, pungent, and
-dry; cleanses the skin; cures affections of wind, phlegm, complaints of
-the eyes, pains in the head and Juzam. It forms an ingredient in many
-famous formul&aelig;. If it be dug up <span class="corr" id="xd24e6484"
-title="Corrected by author from: from">by</span> the roots on a Sunday,
-and dried in the shade; washed seven times in the <i>Bale</i> sherbet,
-and as often dried in the shade; and as much as may be contained in the
-palm of the hand, be eaten daily by those afflicted with white leprosy
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e6490" title=
-"Corrected by author from: or">and</span> Juzam, the disorders will be
-removed. The seed bruised with black Till and sugar, and eaten, will
-strengthen the senses of hearing and seeing, and will promote
-longevity. If during the four rainy months, the Bhangra be used with
-the hurrha, bhaera, and anula, in equal parts, and a fourth part of
-peepul, every disorder will be removed, and the hair will become
-black.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is said, that Bhangra
-is a shrub, like the Anjedan, but somewhat larger, of a purple or
-reddish color; disagreeable to the taste; hot, and dry. Of this there
-are three kinds: a yellow, green, and black; it improves the eye-sight,
-is beneficial in phlegm and swellings, white leprosy, Juzam, burns,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb48" href="#pb48" name=
-"pb48">48</a>]</span>and black spots in the face. Recent writers have
-said much of the virtues of the black kind; its seed is in its
-properties equal; beneficial in disorders of wind, phlegm, foulness of
-blood, blisters, and difficulty of breathing. If for 50 days nine masha
-be pounded, bruised, and taken in water, the hair will not become
-white. If the plant (black) be dried in the shade, and six masha be
-taken for two months, it will blacken the hair. It is the best external
-application for colouring the hair.&mdash;<i>See Singia.</i></p>
-<p id="p231" class="par"><span class="parNum">231</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phirrhud</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1585;&#1607;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The name of a
-tree in India. Vermifuge; it cures flatulency, disorders of mucus and
-blood. An antidote to poisons; induces corpulency, and remedies seminal
-weakness.</p>
-<p id="p232" class="par"><span class="parNum">232</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoje Puttur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1580;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;</span>, called also <i>Burje Puttur</i>, (the
-birch bark.)&mdash;A tree common in Cashmere; the bark of which may be
-separated into numerous layers, like the talc, and each layer resembles
-paper.&mdash;The layers are variegated, and colored with straight
-lines; white and red. The Cashmerians use it as paper; in its medical
-properties, it is beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood;
-ear-ache, and possession by evil spirits. In India it is used for
-making hookah snakes; and if clothes be lined with it, it will prevent
-them from being stained with perspiration. In Persian, it is called
-<i>Tooze</i>.</p>
-<p id="p233" class="par"><span class="parNum">233</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoum amulek</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1605;
-&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;The anula tree, without the
-principal root; it is bitter and astringent, cool, and producing
-flatulence; it allays thirst, cough, disorders of bile, blood, and
-phlegm; it cures marasmus, and is useful in hurts.</p>
-<p id="p234" class="par"><span class="parNum">234</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phoje</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;Cool and heavy,
-astringent and useful in bilious eruptions, and disorders from
-phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p235" class="par"><span class="parNum">235</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pockurmool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1603;&#1681;&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A root;
-bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic; useful in disorders of wind and
-phlegm, in fevers, swellings, difficulty of breathing, and in
-affections of the liver.</p>
-<p id="p236" class="par"><span class="parNum">236</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bharingee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-bark of a tree in the hills; bitter, pungent, hot, and dry; promotes
-appetite; remedies disorders of indigestion, swellings, cough,
-disorders of wind, phlegm, difficulty of breathing, fever, and pains in
-the uterus.</p>
-<p id="p237" class="par"><span class="parNum">237</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bh&aelig;r</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The name for a sheep,
-called also <i>Mendha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p238" class="par"><span class="parNum">238</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhains</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e6589" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1587;</span></span>.&mdash;The Buffalo,
-called also <i>Mahaki</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb49" href=
-"#pb49" name="pb49">49</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p239" class="par"><span class="parNum">239</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bheria</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1681;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The Wolf;
-also named <i>Bhuddha</i>. Its flesh is heavy, beneficial in disorders
-of wind, in affections of the eye, and clears the voice. Its teeth
-rubbed down in water forms an effectual application in specks of the
-cornea. This was used by my father with success. If the teeth be
-suspended from the neck of a child, it will preserve the child from the
-effects of an evil eye. A. <i>Zeeb</i>. P. <i>Goorg</i>.</p>
-<p id="p240" class="par"><span class="parNum">240</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phunjeetuck</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1606;
-&#1580;&#1610;&#1578;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A species of <i>Loonia</i>;
-a culinary green.</p>
-<p id="p241" class="par"><span class="parNum">241</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuhira</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Terminalia
-<i>Bellerica</i>, (Roxb. MS.) <i>Beleric myrobalan</i>. P.
-<i>Beyleyleh</i>.&rdquo; In taste it is astringent; grateful during the
-process of digestion; hot, dry, and beneficial in disorders of phlegm,
-bile, and cough; strengthens the eyes, hair of the head, and the brain.
-It produces a slight degree of intoxication. A. <i>Baleludje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p242" class="par"><span class="parNum">242</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhelawj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bela</i>,
-<i>Semicarpus Anacardium</i>.&rdquo; It is astringent and sweet to the
-taste; hot and light. It promotes appetite; is aphrodisiac; cures
-disorders of the wind and phlegm; useful in dropsy, flatulence, Juzam,
-piles, diarrh&oelig;a, Badgola, fever, and white leprosy. It is
-vermifuge, and used in boils and eruptions. A.
-<i>Bil&acirc;do&uacute;r</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">I have found that its kernel used as an ingredient in a
-decoction intended to promote aphrodisia, (having used it myself,) is
-effectual; it strengthens the stomach and powers of virility, and cures
-colds beyond any other medicine.</p>
-<p class="par">A friend of mine had a very severe cold in his head, for
-which he had taken much medicine without relief. I first gave him the
-Nux Vomica to supplant the habit of eating opium, to which he had
-become addicted: from this he derived partial benefit; but it soon
-became as difficult to refrain from this as from the opium. I then gave
-him the kernel of the Bela made into pills with honey, and cured him of
-his disorder.</p>
-<p class="par">I also gave it to a woman who had a swelling on both
-sides of the uterus, which was daily increasing, and this it also
-cured.</p>
-<p class="par">In short, this is a drug, that when it agrees with the
-patient, no medicine is equal in efficacy; but when it disagrees, no
-drug is more prejudicial. It will be prudent not to give it to any one
-of a hot temperament. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb50" href="#pb50"
-name="pb50">50</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p243" class="par"><span class="parNum">243</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoom Kajoor</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1605;
-&#1603;&#1580;&#1607;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A tree as tall as the
-<i>Taar</i> tree. The stem rough and serrated; the leaves only growing
-at the top; they are long and hard, and used in making mats. The tree
-is also called <i>Pinkajoor</i>. It is sweet, cool, and moist; it
-allays pain, and is an excellent application in bruises. It is
-beneficial in disorders of blood, wind, bile, and debility. The
-<i>Pinkajoor</i> is brought from Mooltan or <i>Tattla</i>, and in A. is
-called <i>Rittub</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Rittub</i>, which is brought from Mecca, is
-aphrodisiac; strengthens the kidnies, back, tone of the stomach, and
-corrects a cold phlegmatic temperament. This is ascertained from
-experience. It also increases the volume of blood; but if much is used,
-it produces a fermentation therein, unless habit has rendered it
-innocent.</p>
-<p id="p244" class="par"><span class="parNum">244</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhehi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Quince. The seed
-very mucilaginous, and excellent in diarrh&oelig;a and
-dysentery.&rdquo; A species of pear, of a yellow color.</p>
-<p id="p245" class="par"><span class="parNum">245</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boochitter</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1608;&#1670;&#1578;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Some call it
-<i>Beechitt&uacute;r</i>; it is cool and heavy, aperient,
-strengthening, increasing the three principal secretions. A.
-<i>Jamarookh</i> and <i>Koombi</i>; also <i>Gagundool</i>, vide K.</p>
-<p id="p246" class="par"><span class="parNum">246</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuiteroor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1574;&#1609;
-&#1578;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Whoever shall use this as
-their only food for one month, their youth will be prolonged, and their
-hair remain black. It will strengthen the solids, and give universal
-strength. If it be ate for 40 days, it will produce a sweet smell from
-the body. It is laxative, and in A. called <i>Soonamookey</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Cassia Senna.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p247" class="par"><span class="parNum">247</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoeperus</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1585;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A name of honey.</p>
-<p id="p248" class="par"><span class="parNum">248</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhang</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Canabis
-Sativa</i>;&rdquo; a name for <i>Kainib</i>, called also <i>Bidjia</i>;
-it is pungent, bitter, hot, light, and astringent; it promotes
-appetite, cures disorders of phlegm, produces idiotism; is the cause of
-foolish speech and conduct, or in other words, it intoxicates; if used
-in excess it produces fever, and it increases all the deleterious
-effects of poison.</p>
-<p class="par">The author of the <i>Dhar&aacute; Shekoi</i> says, that
-when he was digging the foundation of a house in Bengal, he found a
-board, on which the effects of this drug was written, and on this it
-was recorded, that Mahadeo used constantly to eat of this, and that
-from its use, he derived the wonderful aphrodisiac power, with
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb51" href="#pb51" name=
-"pb51">51</a>]</span>which he was gifted; he says he has tried it, and
-found it very beneficial.</p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Bidjia</i> 64 tolahs, when the sun is in the
-division <i>Sirtaam</i>, white sugar 32 tolahs, and pure honey 16
-tolahs, cow&rsquo;s ghee 34 tolahs. First fry the Bidjia in the ghee,
-then add the honey in a boiling state, afterwards the sugar: use this
-in moderate doses daily, and when it has been used for two months,
-strength and intelligence will have become increased, and every
-propensity of youth restored; the eye-sight cleared, and all eruptions
-of the skin removed; it will prove an exemption from convulsions and
-debility, and preserve the bowels at all times in a state of order. It
-will likewise give an additional zest for food.</p>
-<p id="p249" class="par"><span class="parNum">249</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoom Kudum</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1605;
-&#1603;&#1583;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p250" class="par"><span class="parNum">250</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhendi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1606;&#1672;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A very common
-vegetable of the culinary kind, from 2 to 3 inches in height: very
-mucilaginous. It is sweet; produces wind and phlegm; it diminishes
-bile; is diuretic, and increases the seminal secretion.
-&ldquo;<i>Hibiscus Esculentus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p251" class="par"><span class="parNum">251</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phaar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The author of the
-<i>Cashmee</i> calls it the medicine of <i>Shaik Furried</i>, because
-it was a great favorite of his. It is common at Agra and Delhi; it is
-bitter, and difficult of digestion, and hot; it cures fever from phlegm
-and bile, also diarrh&oelig;a and indigestion, and cholicky pains in
-the bowels. Its virtues are many, but too numerous for the compass of
-this work. The people of Hindost&rsquo;han use it as a culinary
-vegetable with much benefit.</p>
-<p id="p252" class="par"><span class="parNum">252</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhindale</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e6858" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1575;">
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span></span>.&mdash;The
-name of <i>Bhindal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p253" class="par"><span class="parNum">253</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phankra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Mahomed
-Cassim</i> says, that this tree is the
-<i>D&aacute;rsheesh&aacute;n</i>, and that the name of its bark is
-<i>Kagphill</i>; it is hot, and easy of digestion; it lessens the
-secretion of wind and phlegm. It is aperient, and corrects a bad taste
-in the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p254" class="par"><span class="parNum">254</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhapungi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1575;&#1662;&#1608;&#1606;&#1711;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-author of the <i>Cashmee</i> says, that this is the <i>Anjidan
-Roomi</i>. It is pungent bitter, and hot, and is useful in removing
-coughs from phlegm, asthma, swellings, wounds, worms in the stomach,
-heat, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p255" class="par"><span class="parNum">255</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phitkerrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1729;&#1578;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sulphate
-of Alumine</i>, <i>Alumen</i>. F. <i>Alaun</i>, G. <i>Allume</i>, I.
-<i>Alumbre</i>. S. <i>Sphatica</i>. <i>Shan Shub</i>, A.&rdquo;
-Pungent, astringent, transparent. It increases and clears the
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb52" href="#pb52" name=
-"pb52">52</a>]</span>complexion; is beneficial in seminal weakness and
-dysuria, in all complaints of the vagina, in vomiting, and in
-thirst.</p>
-<p id="p256" class="par"><span class="parNum">256</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bheroza</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;&#1586;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Called
-also <i>Gundha Bheroza</i>, (Turpentine.) In its properties it
-approaches the <i>Koondhur</i>; but its effects are more drying. If a
-tent be made with this, and applied or introduced into the vagina, it
-will cure any affection to which that may be subject, and prevent
-habitual abortion.</p>
-<p id="p257" class="par"><span class="parNum">257</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhateele</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1575;&#1657;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;In Persian
-called <i>Goolqunda</i>. A. <i>Verdmoonuttin</i>.</p>
-<p id="p258" class="par"><span class="parNum">258</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoodill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1583;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The name of a piece of
-<i>Talc</i>.</p>
-<p id="p259" class="par"><span class="parNum">259</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoothpees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;&#1662;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the Ram.</p>
-<p id="p260" class="par"><span class="parNum">260</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phaloke</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Arloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p261" class="par"><span class="parNum">261</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhu&rsquo;th Kutaeye</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1657;
-&#1603;&#1657;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The name of both kinds of
-<i>Kutai</i>, &ldquo;<i>Solanum Jacquini</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p262" class="par"><span class="parNum">262</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhohphilly</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1608;&#1662;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-creeping grass, the fibres of which are very thin, and its leaves very
-small. Its seed vessels are numerous, thin, and small, about the size
-of the nail of the finger; it is aphrodisiac, and thickens the seminal
-fluid.</p>
-<p id="p263" class="par"><span class="parNum">263</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phooth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis
-Momordica</i>,&rdquo; (Roxb.) P. <i>Dustumb&oelig;ah</i>. Its
-properties approach those of the melon when unripe. In my opinion, as
-nature has given it a sweet smell, it must be beneficial in
-strengthening the heart and brain; but it encourages the attack of
-putrid fever. It is used to form a sherbet with sugar and rose-water,
-for the above-mentioned beneficial purposes.</p>
-<p id="p264" class="par"><span class="parNum">264</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuntaki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1607;&#1606;&#1657;&#1575;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;(&ldquo;The
-wild <i>Bhengun</i>; is the Solanum Melongena,&rdquo;) a name for
-<i>Badinjan</i>; sweet, pungent, and penetrating, and during digestion,
-bitter, hot, and light; beneficial in diminishing phlegm and bile,
-strengthens the circulation, clears the complexion, promotes appetite,
-and cures fever and cough.</p>
-<p class="par">When ripe, it is hot and heavy, and increases the
-bilious secretion. The white kind is inferior in virtue to the black.
-Some call it hot, others cold. I have from experience found it
-excellent in giving strength to the stomach; that it is very drying,
-and produces vitiated bile; from this circumstance it prevents sleep,
-or produces unpleasant dreams: its correctors are ghee or oil. Although
-I have stated all these properties, yet as a culinary vegetable it is
-in very general use, it cannot possess them in any great degree; it is
-called <i>Benghun</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb53" href="#pb53"
-name="pb53">53</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p265" class="par"><span class="parNum">265</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pechuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1670;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Bidjosaar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p266" class="par"><span class="parNum">266</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beedjbund</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7088" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1607;&#1606;&#1610;&#1580; &#1576;&#1606;&#1583;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1580;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</span></span>.&mdash;(From the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>.) A medicine of India, red and black; its seed
-resembles that of the onion, red and shining; the red kind is to be
-preferred. It is aphrodisiac, increases seminal secretion, strengthens
-the back and loins. It is cool and dry, flatulent and difficult of
-digestion; its corrector is sugar; its sucoedaneum, the seed of the
-<i>Antungun</i>. The dose is one miskal with equal parts of sugar.</p>
-<p id="p267" class="par"><span class="parNum">267</span> <span class=
-"sc">Benth</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7105" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1610;&#1657;&#1729;&#1577;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1577;</span></span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Calamus
-Rotang.</i>&rdquo; Of this there are many kinds; one kind called
-<i>To&aelig;ikam</i>, another <i>Jillbenth</i>, a fourth
-<i>Itchill</i>; the whole four are cool and cure swellings, piles,
-pains in the uterus, boils, eruptions, acne, difficulty in voiding
-urine, <span class="corr" id="xd24e7122" title=
-"Corrected by author from: lithonthriptic,">are lithonthriptic, useful
-in</span> affections of wind and mucus, also foulness of blood.
-Jillbenth is astringent and flatulent, and Itchill is an antidote to
-poison.</p>
-<p id="p268" class="par"><span class="parNum">268</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peetul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1578;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;(Brass.) P.
-<i>Bering</i>. It is not an original metal, but a composition. In its
-properties it is equally cool, hot, and dry; it cures disorders of
-wind, phlegm, jaundice, and affections of the spleen. A kind of this is
-called Sonepeetul.</p>
-<p id="p269" class="par"><span class="parNum">269</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peepul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ficus
-Religiosa.</i>&rdquo; A tree of India, very large and common; the young
-leaves are green, but when well formed become yellowish; it is cool;
-cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and blood; is useful in boils and
-eruptions. The bark of the tree is aphrodisiac, strengthens the loins,
-and restrains watery discharge from the urethra; and this I have found
-from experience. Some say, this is called in P. Lirzan. Its fruit is
-about twice the size of the Pha&igrave;sa. It tastes like the fig. It
-is called <i>Peepulie</i>, and is when ripe of a yellowish color. In
-the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus mentioned. &ldquo;The Peepul
-tree in Persian is called Lirzan; in the opinion of the inhabitants of
-India, cool and dry. Its fruit diminishes the secretion of bile,
-promotes digestion, relaxes the bowels; and if the bark be infused in
-water and applied to boils, it will hasten suppuration and promote the
-discharge of the matter; if the bark be burnt and thrown into water, it
-will quickly purify it.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p270" class="par"><span class="parNum">270</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bale</span> <span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Raebale</i>; cool and light; cures disorders of phlegm, and
-is an antidote to poisons. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb54" href=
-"#pb54" name="pb54">54</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p271" class="par"><span class="parNum">271</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baele</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7178" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span></span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Called also
-<i>Byll</i>, <i>Crat&oelig;va</i>, or <i>&AElig;gle Marmelos</i>; Wood
-Apple.&rdquo; The name of a fruit which grows like the quince; its
-seeds are larger than those of the <i>Ryhan</i>. I have seen the tree,
-it is like the <i>Bukaen</i>; its leaves very soft and tender, broad
-and long, somewhat like the Moong: on each small sprig it has three
-leaves. Some have said that it was originally wild, but subsequently
-brought into our gardens; that which is now in gardens is larger than
-that which grows uncultivated. The fruit is hollowed out and used as
-snuff-boxes, and for several other purposes. It is a very common tree
-in India; it is bitter, astringent, and a little sweetish, hot, and
-moist; when ripe it is heavy, producing phlegm, bile, and wind, causing
-heat of stomach, and is difficult of digestion. It destroys appetite
-and induces costiveness; but unripe it is light, strengthens the
-circulation, and the whole body; induces costiveness; increases
-appetite, hastens digestion, and cures disorders of wind and phlegm. I
-have given it with other medicines for the cure of diarrh&oelig;a with
-good effect. &ldquo;And in dysentery, a table-spoonful of the pulp,
-made into sherbet, and taken several times a day, has been
-effectual.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p272" class="par"><span class="parNum">272</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Salvadora
-Persica.</i>&rdquo; &ldquo;Careya Arborea,&rdquo; (Roxb.) The Indian
-name for this, Araak. It is a wild growing shrub, about the height of a
-long spear, (8 feet,) with many branches; it is broad and round in its
-general appearances; its leaves thin, and about &frac12; an inch long.
-The fruit is called Peel or Peeludj; it is hot, light, and aperient;
-promotes appetite, cures Badgola, piles, affections of the spleen and
-wind; is lithonthriptic; useful in disorders of the blood; it produces
-bile, and in all favorite formul&aelig;, it forms an ingredient. The
-fruit is also called Jhal; it is bitter, laxative, lessens phlegm<a id=
-"xd24e7211" name="xd24e7211"></a>, general heat, Juzam, fever, and
-worms. The wood of the Peeloo used as a tooth-brush, is excellent for
-preserving the gums.</p>
-<p id="p273" class="par"><span class="parNum">273</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peoke</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1608;&#1705;</span>,
-or <i>Peossie</i>.&mdash;The first milk given by any animal after the
-birth of its young. A. <i>Lubba</i>. It increases the bulk of the
-solids, and inclination towards aphrodisia, but it causes hiccough, and
-the formation of stone in the bladder, and is difficult of digestion;
-its corrector is sweetmeats.</p>
-<p id="p274" class="par"><span class="parNum">274</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peease</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1575;&#1586;
-&#1662;&#1610;&#1575;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Allium Cepa.
-Agnon</i>, F. <i>Swiebel</i>, G. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb55"
-href="#pb55" name="pb55">55</a>]</span><i>Cipolla</i>, I.
-<i>Pallandoo</i>, S. <i>Onion</i>.&rdquo; A. <i>Bosool</i>. Pungent,
-and during digestion sweet; hot in a small degree, and in its effects
-resembling Garlic. It increases mucus, removes disorders of wind, and
-hydrocele. There is a smaller sort, called <i>Karinjun</i>, which
-increases bile, produces costiveness, and cures piles. There is a third
-kind, which when dried is white, and is recommended to be kept in any
-house to prevent the approach of snakes or any venomous reptiles.</p>
-<p id="p275" class="par"><span class="parNum">275</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeplamool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;
-&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The name given to the root of the
-Peepul tree, but some give the name to the whole tree, and some give
-the name to the fibres of the root of any tree; but judging from the
-name, I conceive it to be what I have just stated. Mool being root, and
-Peepul must indicate the kind of root. The idiom is Indian, and I think
-must be correct. It is bitter and pungent, dry and stomachic; promotes
-digestion, cures disorders of wind and phlegm, but impairs the
-eye-sight and seminal secretions.</p>
-<p id="p276" class="par"><span class="parNum">276</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bear</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Called also
-<i>Konar</i>, &ldquo;<i>Ziziphus Jujuba</i>.&rdquo; Sweet, cool, heavy,
-aperient, causes wind, produces corpulency, cures disorders of bile,
-wind, blood, general heat, and the disease called <i>Rajerogue</i>;
-also allays thirst. Another kind of this, named <i>Husthkool</i>, and a
-third called <i>Kurkund</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p277" class="par"><span class="parNum">277</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1657;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Called also
-<i>Khunda</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p278" class="par"><span class="parNum">278</span> <span class=
-"sc">Passownie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1575;&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Ch&iacute;rk&aacute;k&oacute;lie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p279" class="par"><span class="parNum">279</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bealduntuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1575;&#1604;&#1583;&#1606;&#1578;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kh&aacute;rkh&uacute;suck</i>, meaning a snake&rsquo;s
-tooth. This is known to every one.</p>
-<p id="p280" class="par"><span class="parNum">280</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeche</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1610;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;Congee, or rice water; it is
-cool and allays thirst; it is proper food for the sick; drank with rose
-water, <i>Beelemoosk</i> and sugar, or with pomegranate sherbet, it
-produces cold, strengthens the circulation, and entirely allays general
-heat.</p>
-<p id="p281" class="par"><span class="parNum">281</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beerbahootie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;&#1607;&#1608;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;An
-insect very common in the rainy season, resembling scarlet velvet; hot
-in the 3rd and moist in the 2nd deg. One insect, with the legs taken
-off, ate with Paan, is very efficacious in paralytic disorders, and
-other complaints from cold. Bruised and mixed with water, it is used as
-an aphrodisiac, in seminal weakness, &amp;c. Its oil is also used as an
-external application in debility brought on by onanism, and for giving
-strength to the muscular fibres. Its succed. is the Kinchua.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb56" href="#pb56" name=
-"pb56">56</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;I have prescribed the <i>Beerbahootie</i> with
-decided good effects in paralysis, commencing with one and increasing
-to three or four in the day: 1 or 2 given with a little pounded nutmeg
-is said to be very efficacious in spasms in the bowels of
-children.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="teh" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1578;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p282" class="par first"><span class="parNum">282</span>
-<span class="sc">Talmukara</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1605;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>, or <i>Talmukana</i>
-<span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1605;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bartleria
-longifolia.</i>&rdquo; A seed, very small, and like the <i>zeera</i>,
-red, the color of <i>Toodrie</i>, but the <i>Toodrie</i> is round,
-whereas this is longish and smaller. The plant is knotted like a reed,
-and has prickles on the joints. The flower is like the lotus, but is
-whiter. It is cool and heavy; increases seminal secretion, and cures
-disorders of wind and blood; it forms an ingredient in all aphrodisiac
-formul&aelig;; it is taken mixed with cow&rsquo;s milk, either cold or
-boiled. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus described.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Talmukana</i> is a medicine of India; its seed of a
-brown color, like that of the Anjera; cool and moist; used as an
-aphrodisiac, in cases of seminal weakness, in gonorrh&oelig;a, and in
-chancres. It is astringent; strengthens the system; is flatulent, and
-not easy of digestion: its corrector is sugar; its succed. Moosliesia.
-The dose six masha.</p>
-<p id="p283" class="par"><span class="parNum">283</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taal</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;</span>, or
-<i>Taar</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Borassus Flabelliformis.</i>&rdquo; A very
-high tree, about 60 feet, more or less; very common in the Deccan and
-in Bengal. At Agra it is more common than at Delhi; the leaves grow at
-the top of the stem; they are broad and long; and of these are formed
-Punkahs, which are much esteemed and carried to various parts. They are
-also used for writing upon; its fruit is like the cocoanut; the kernel
-of the fruit is cut into pieces, and ate with sherbet and sugar; it is
-very sweet to the taste, and is called the Tirkool.</p>
-<p class="par">The upper part of the stem of the fruit is cut across,
-and the liquid which exudes from the wound, received into earthen
-vessels called Labnahs, and these fill several times in the course of
-the day. This liquor is called Taarie: when fresh drawn and before the
-sun is above the horizon, it is sweet to the taste; but it soon becomes
-fermented, and is then intoxicating. It is cool and moist, beneficial
-in disorders of wind and bile, also in boils and eruptions. It is both
-aperient, and aphrodisiac. A liquor distilled from the Taarie, is to be
-preferred: roasted or stewed meat should <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb57" href="#pb57" name="pb57">57</a>]</span>be eaten along with it.
-It produces pains in the limbs, and heaviness of the head, and is as
-intoxicating as spirits. The fruit is sweet and cool, heavy and
-flatulent, causes pains in the limbs, cures affections of wind, bile,
-blood, and bruises; it relieves general heat, and allays thirst. Its
-seed is also sweet, cool, and diuretic; useful in disorders of wind and
-bile. P. Khoormae Aboojile, or Khoormae Hindee. A. it is called Doom,
-but the author of the <i>Munhage</i> says, that Doom means the Googul
-tree. The <i>Maadentezerrubad</i> thus describes it: taar is a tree
-like the date tree; its leaves about a yard long; the kernel of the
-fruit is often sold for the sea cocoanut. The juice of this tree is the
-taarie, so well known; it is equally hot and cold, and moist in the 2nd
-degree. It is aphrodisiac and diuretic, induces corpulency, and if
-taken to excess produces intoxication and head-ache. If fresh drawn, it
-is sweet and less intoxicating; but allowed to remain for a night, it
-becomes acid, and then it is very inebriating. The fresh taarie
-improves the complexion, moistens the brain; is beneficial in hectic
-fever, in difficulty of breathing, in depression of the spirits, and is
-aperient. If allowed to remain long, it becomes sour, smells very
-strong; is heating, and causes vomiting and indigestion.</p>
-<p class="par">In the Lyzuttoor rejal, it is thus mentioned: taarrie is
-an intoxicating produce of the taar tree, very common to the eastward.
-The tree resembles the date tree, but its leaves are different: when
-fresh, the taarie is hot and moist, induces corpulency; is aphrodisiac,
-diuretic, and when it has acquired a strong smell, is intoxicating, and
-in that state, it is very heating, and produces indigestion, with
-heaviness of the brain. The sherbet of the pomegranate allays vomiting
-brought on by its use. Its succedaneum is a decoction of dates called
-Sendhi.</p>
-<p id="p284" class="par"><span class="parNum">284</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taalesputter</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;&#1588;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Talesphir</i>; of this
-there are many and various accounts, some call it the leaf of the wild
-olive, <i>zeatoon</i>, and others call it the bark of the <i>Lissaan
-nulaej safeer</i>, or <i>Biss&rsquo;bassa</i>. The author of the
-<i>Topha</i> says, that he considers it the same as the <i>Tewaje
-Kutai</i>. The people of India deem it hot, light, aphrodisiac,
-stomachic, promoting digestion, curing difficulty of breathing, cough,
-disorders of phlegm, badgola, and hectic fever. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb58" href="#pb58" name="pb58">58</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p285" class="par"><span class="parNum">285</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tanbirr</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Copper.</i>&rdquo;
-It is sweet, cool, light, and aperient: cures disorders of bile and
-phlegm; useful in marasmus, Juzam, piles, asthma, swellings, cough, and
-ague. It is caustic, and in A. is called Nowhass. P. Miss. The
-physicians of India use it in a calcined form, and speak much in its
-favour. If it be properly prepared, it will be soluble in water. In my
-opinion, if it does not produce heat in the blood, nausea, pains in the
-bones, and joints, giddiness, and confusion of ideas, it will be
-fortunate, and will be a sign, that it has been well prepared; and
-should it stand both these tests, it may be used with comparative
-safety.</p>
-<p id="p286" class="par"><span class="parNum">286</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taberuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1576;&#1585;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A tree, the produce of
-Arabia; its fruit and flower resembling the rose; during digestion it
-is bitter and hot; removes bile, and blisters, and seminal
-debility.</p>
-<p id="p287" class="par"><span class="parNum">287</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tubasheer</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1576;&#1575;
-&#1588;&#1610;&#1585;</span>, or <i>Tubakeer</i>, names of
-<i>Bunslochun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p288" class="par"><span class="parNum">288</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuputtee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1662;&#1578;&#1609;</span> or <i>Typsie</i>, a trefoil
-grass.</p>
-<p id="p289" class="par"><span class="parNum">289</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tatyrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>, in P. called
-<i>Teetoo</i>; a bird, the meat of which produces wind.
-&ldquo;<i>Tringa Goensis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p290" class="par"><span class="parNum">290</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tittereek</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1578;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</span>, sometimes called
-<i>Tintereek</i>.&mdash;Its fruit, when unripe, is beneficial in
-disorders of wind; is vermifuge, and destroys worms in the rectum; it
-is very heavy; but when ripe, is light and astringent, and is useful in
-weakness of the digestive organs, and cures disorders of phlegm and
-wind. A. Simaak.</p>
-<p id="p291" class="par"><span class="parNum">291</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tudje</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1580;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Laurus Cassie?</i> Some say
-that this is <i>Kirfa</i>, and others <i>Syleekha</i>; also called
-<i>Keelkheela</i>; it is in Indian works described as cool and pungent;
-it cures disorders of phlegm, and more especially dissipates
-collections of it in the small intestines; clears the passage to the
-stomach or &oelig;sophagus, and promotes digestion.</p>
-<p id="p292" class="par"><span class="parNum">292</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tedhara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Euphorbia
-Antiquorum.</i>&rdquo; A kind of <i>Seehund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p293" class="par"><span class="parNum">293</span> <span class=
-"sc">Turkool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1603;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the
-Taar tree, vide <i>Taal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p294" class="par"><span class="parNum">294</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tarkoota</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1603;&#1608;&#1578;&#1575;</span>, or
-<i>Terookhun</i>.&mdash;The title of a formul&aelig; composed of
-<i>peepul</i>, pepper, and ginger, in equal parts. It creates appetite
-and promotes digestion; cures difficulty of breathing, cough, local
-affections of the skin, badgola, seminal weakness, phlegm, swelling of
-the testicles, and diseases of the nostrils.</p>
-<p id="p295" class="par"><span class="parNum">295</span> <span class=
-"sc">Terisgundh</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7622" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;&#1608;&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;
-&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;</span></span> or
-<i>Tirjatuck</i>.&mdash;The name of the following <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb59" href="#pb59" name=
-"pb59">59</a>]</span>formul&aelig;. Small cardamums, <i>Kerfa</i>,
-<i>Tezpat</i>, in equal parts. It is said to remedy disorders of
-phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p296" class="par"><span class="parNum">296</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirtuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1578;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice, of the
-same properties as the <i>Saathie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p297" class="par"><span class="parNum">297</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirmirra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1605;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The best kind of
-this grows in gardens. It is hot in the 2nd degree, dry in the 1st.
-When fresh, it is moist, and its juice is excellent in wounds and
-ulcers; it is diuretic and aperient; produces frequent inclination to
-aphrodisia, and causes blindness. Its corrector is K&aacute;ou
-(Lettuce), or Kasni (Endive), or Koorfa, or Till. It increases the
-secretion of semen, and thickens its consistence. It is an antidote to
-the bite of the mongoose. If bruised and applied to the root of the
-acid pomegranate it will render it sweet. A. <i>Jerjeer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p298" class="par"><span class="parNum">298</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tersindiaturnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1587;&#1610;&#1583;&#1610;&#1575;&#1578;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Jeeaphul</i>; see I.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">299</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teraemanna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1605;&#1575;&#1606;&#1606;&#1575;</span>, called
-also <i>Teraman</i>.&mdash;It is cool, sweet, and useful in pains of
-the stomach, in mucus, super-abundance of blood, giddiness, thirst,
-delirium, poisons, and vomiting. Manna.</p>
-<p id="p300" class="par"><span class="parNum">300</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teroor</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;</span>,
-called also great <i>Dathun</i>.&mdash;Bitter and cool; strengthens
-eye-sight; cures bile, heat, diseases of the mouth and hepatic
-eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p301" class="par"><span class="parNum">301</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Cool and sweet,
-increasing eye-sight, beneficial in bilious disorders, bile, heat,
-thirst, vomiting, and eruptions of the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p302" class="par"><span class="parNum">302</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirdisha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1583;&#1588;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Mahomeed</i>.</p>
-<p id="p303" class="par"><span class="parNum">303</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tyrphilla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1662;&#1729;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The name
-for <i>Hurr</i>, <i>Bhaera</i>, and <i>Anula</i>.</p>
-<p id="p304" class="par"><span class="parNum">304</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirpurnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1662;&#1608;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;An
-appellation for <i>Jalpurnie</i> or <i>Tirpunnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p305" class="par"><span class="parNum">305</span> <span class=
-"sc">Takkur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1603;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The name given to a mixture of
-Dhaie and water.</p>
-<p id="p306" class="par"><span class="parNum">306</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuggur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1711;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Asaroon</i>
-(<i>Asarabece</i>); it is sweet, hot, moist, light, and an antidote to
-poisons. It cures epilepsy, delirium, affections of the eyes, wind, and
-mucus. One kind of it is red. (<i>Asarum</i>), excellent errhine.</p>
-<p id="p307" class="par"><span class="parNum">307</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teluck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1604;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A flower like the <i>Till</i>;
-hot, beneficial in mucous disorders, and Juzam; an ingredient in
-favourite formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p308" class="par"><span class="parNum">308</span> <span class=
-"sc">Telk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1604;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;<i>Ginger.</i></p>
-<p id="p309" class="par"><span class="parNum">309</span> <span class=
-"sc">Till</span> or <span class="sc">Tillee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The name of a seed, from which
-oil is extracted, and which leaves much refuse after the oil has been
-drawn. When green, it is dry, increases knowledge, and promotes
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb60" href="#pb60" name=
-"pb60">60</a>]</span>appetite. Is astringent, reduces corpulency,
-clears the voice and complexion, and allays thirst. There are three
-kinds of this, the 1st called <i>Pooth</i>, the 2nd <i>Tilbund</i>, or
-white Till, the 3rd is wild; it is heavy and astringent, increases
-mucus and bile, strengthens the head, cures boils, and all rheumatic
-affections. Is stomachic, increases knowledge, and restrain the
-secretion of urine. The best kind is black, next the white, and last in
-order the red. The flower of the Till is useful in disorders of the
-eye, such as specks, and that affection called Nachoona, and is applied
-mixed with Soorma with good effect. This is stated both in the
-<i>Ejalenapheh</i> and <i>Elajejul-umrae</i>.</p>
-<p id="p310" class="par"><span class="parNum">310</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toolsi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1604;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ocimum
-Sanctum.</i> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7858" title=
-"Not in source">(</span>Roxb. MS.) Shrubby, hairy, branches four-sided,
-leaves ovate, oblong, serrated with margins, and petioles hairy;
-bractes petioled, ovate, cordate, ciliate, upper lip of the calyx
-round, cordate, and hairy, with corol twice its length. Its seed,
-Tookmi Rehan, H. of a mucilaginous nature.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A common plant, about a yard high or more; its leaves
-small and longish, and serrated at the edges. The Hindoos consider it
-as very sacred, and worship it. It is a species of sweet basil
-(<i>Raihan</i>); bitter, pungent, hot, cardiac, and stomachic. It
-increases bile and general heat, cures Juzam, difficulty in making
-water, affections of the liver and blood.</p>
-<p id="p311" class="par"><span class="parNum">311</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tumakoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1576;&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;<i>Nicotiana
-Tabacum</i>, W. It is said in the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, that it was first
-sown in India during the reign of <i>Akber</i>, or in the year of the
-Hidjera 1014, when it was imported from Europe, and sown by his order;
-now it is every where common, and is generally smoked. In the opinion
-of Hukeem Alli Gheelanee, it is hot and dry; its smoke from its heating
-quality confuses the ideas, and reduces the strength; from its
-discutient property, it weakens the brain, and depresses the spirits.
-Those who are of a cold, moist temperament, may derive benefit from its
-use, but those who are of equal temperament cannot use it with
-impunity. It is useful in piles the consequence of cold, also in
-waterbrash, and complaints of this nature; it promotes digestion and
-dissipates flatulent pains. It increases the strength of vision when it
-is weakened by the effects of cold, but adds to it when it has been
-caused by heat. In difficulty of breathing or <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb61" href="#pb61" name="pb61">61</a>]</span>pain in
-the chest, proceeding from an accumulation of viscid phlegm, it is very
-useful. It is prejudicial in thin spare habits; it shuts all the
-passages, decreases the power of the absorbents, and consequently
-prevents the absorption of chyle, thereby weakening the system, and
-drying up and emaciating the body. It produces hectic fever in the
-aged, and many other disorders in which medicine is useless. Its
-corrector, according to the author of the Dara Shekoi, is milk; and he
-gives this wise reason for it, that cloth stained with the smoke of
-tabacco can only be cleaned with milk. It is used in many ways, chewed,
-snuffed, smoked, &amp;c. but is least prejudicial when smoked, after
-being mixed up with <i>goor</i> and preserves. I have by experience
-found it effectual in wind of the stomach, in pains produced by
-flatulence, and in the waterbrash; but have found it prejudicial to
-those labouring under depression of spirits, or who are subject to
-heartburns.</p>
-<p class="par">The dried plant brought from Surat is more drying than
-any other, and ought to be washed in rose-water or <i>Bedemushk</i>
-before use.</p>
-<p class="par">It is used by the Pytans as snuff: as a cephalic it
-strengthens the brain, and prevents the effects of indigestion on that
-organ, but it should not be used when people have weak eyes from heat.
-The author of the Ulfaz Udwiyeh says, that he had a friend who was
-blind, and that meeting him afterwards quite recovered, he was
-surprised to learn that his cure had been effected by his having smoked
-equal parts of tobacco and <i>Sumhaloo</i>; the women eat the Surat
-tobacco with <i>pawn</i>: and it increases digestion, and is
-discutient. It is beneficial in those temperaments which are cold and
-moist, and its juice is used for drying the vagina.</p>
-<p id="p312" class="par"><span class="parNum">312</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tamaal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1605;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The <i>Serroe</i> tree.
-A tree resembling the <i>Jhow</i>, but much larger; in its properties
-resembling the Saul. It cures swellings, general heat, and blister.</p>
-<p id="p313" class="par"><span class="parNum">313</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tym</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of fish, producing appetite and general strength.</p>
-<p id="p314" class="par"><span class="parNum">314</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tamaalputtur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1605;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Teeridje</i>. Some
-have called it the leaf of the <i>Tamaal tree</i>, and named it
-<i>Serroe</i>, while others have said that it was the leaf of the
-Sandal tree. It is therefore uncertain what it is.</p>
-<p id="p315" class="par"><span class="parNum">315</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toon</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of reed; its seed like the <i>Benth</i>; its flowers are used as a
-dye by the dyers of India, and are of a yellow color; <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb62" href="#pb62" name="pb62">62</a>]</span>cool,
-dry, astringent, producing wind, curing eruptions from an overflow of
-bile, also other eruptions of the skin and Juzam. A. <i>Arheekun</i>,
-but the author of the Topha says, that <i>Arheekun</i> is a name of the
-<i>Isperuck</i>, and that it is not like the Toon.</p>
-<p id="p316" class="par"><span class="parNum">316</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cedrela
-Tuna</i>,&rdquo; W. See Sir W. Jones&rsquo;s description, vol. 4. As.
-R. page 273. Powder of the bark and extract used in the cure of
-fever.</p>
-<p id="p317" class="par"><span class="parNum">317</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuntureek</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e7995" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1578;&#1606;&#1610;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1578;&#1606;&#1578;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</span></span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Tuttereek</i>, called also <i>Seem&aacute;k</i>.</p>
-<p id="p318" class="par"><span class="parNum">318</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tumbole</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1576;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A designation
-for <i>Paan</i>, but what is properly called so is a preparation used
-at marriages, composed of <i>Paan</i> bruised and the juice expressed,
-mace, nutmeg, cloves, and cardamoms, all bruised and mixed with sugar,
-and allowed some time till it ferment. Its use causes exhiliration of
-spirits, slight intoxication, and strengthens the system. It removes
-wind, is cardiac, and promotes dryness; those of a hot and dry
-temperament will be injured by its use; it sweetens the breath, and is
-generally known by this name.</p>
-<p id="p319" class="par"><span class="parNum">319</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tunkaar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Impure
-Borate of Soda</i>, <i>Boras Sod&aelig;</i>.&rdquo; A name of
-<i>Borax</i>, called also <i>Zirkur</i>; it is of two kinds, one white,
-called <i>Curia</i>, the other named <i>Telia</i>. The proportion of
-both are the same; it is refrigerant and detergent; strong, hot, and
-useful in mucus and wind, cough, and asthma. It is burnt in the fire,
-pounded, and with equal parts of Aloes and a little treacle made into
-pills, and as many used daily as will agree with the stomach. These
-will remove pains in the stomach, internal parts, chronic cough,
-difficulty of breathing, or any complaint of that nature. It is
-recommended, that it be taken every day for at least 20 days, but if
-this cannot be done, it may be used at intervals for the
-above-mentioned complaints; this advice is given from the Echtyarat
-Casmi. The whole properties of this medicine are only known to Indian
-physicians, and from experience, I know it to be a powerful promoter of
-digestion if taken about an hour after meals with a little water only;
-it is called also <i>Tunkunka&aacute;r</i>.</p>
-<p id="p320" class="par"><span class="parNum">320</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tawakeer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1575;&#1602;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine of India, useful in gonorrh&oelig;a and dysuria ardens.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb63" href="#pb63" name=
-"pb63">63</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p321" class="par"><span class="parNum">321</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tombrir</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;&#1610;&#1585;</span>, also
-<i>Tombie</i>.&mdash;A bitter cuddoo. There is a kind of this in which
-the seed is not bitter; it is heavy, though some call it light; it is
-aphrodisiac; cures disorders of mucus and bile.</p>
-<p class="par">The one in which the seed is bitter, is cool, cardiac,
-and an antidote to poisons; useful in cough and bile. If the seed be
-taken when the moon is in the wane, bruised, and for 21 days, steeped
-in the juice of ginger, its oil extracted and preserved in a bottle, it
-will be found that this oil, when a year old, rubbed over the body in
-weakly habits will renovate strength, and it is also said that it will
-consolidate mercury.</p>
-<p id="p322" class="par"><span class="parNum">322</span> <span class=
-"sc">Turai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis
-Acutangulus</i>, Roxb. <i>Hibiscus Esculentus</i>?&rdquo; A common
-vegetable, bitter and dry, light and suppurating; beneficial in
-swellings, marasmus, dropsy, affection of the spleen, Juzam, piles,
-mucous disorders, and bile. Another kind is called <i>Geea</i>, and is
-very mucilaginous and cool, but increases mucous disorders. A third
-kind is named <i>Arra</i>, and is aperient and useful in bilious
-disorders.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Turai</i> is a very common culinary vegetable of
-India, and the people sow it in their houses; its flower is very
-beautiful, of a yellow color, and the fruit is extremely mucilaginous.
-If it is sown at the root of a tree or wall, it will climb for support;
-its leaves resemble the vine, its fruit is about 2 or 3 inches long,
-and about the thickness of the thumb or even thicker; the second and
-third kinds are larger and thicker than the first, but the latter is
-the best, and those are to be chosen which are thin, small, and soft.
-It is in my opinion cool, moist, and aperient; beneficial in hot
-temperaments and weakness of the stomach; those of a dry temperament
-will find it particularly beneficial; it is a proper food for those
-labouring under fever. The 2nd kind is the most mucilaginous; the 3rd
-less so than the 1st.</p>
-<p id="p323" class="par"><span class="parNum">323</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toour</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Arhur</i>. &ldquo;<i>Cytisus Cajan.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p324" class="par"><span class="parNum">324</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tooiekam</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e8133" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1578;&#1608;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609; &#1603;&#1605;">
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1610;&#1603;&#1575;&#1605;</span></span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Rattan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p325" class="par"><span class="parNum">325</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toodun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1583;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Kakroo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p326" class="par"><span class="parNum">326</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toott</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A
-common tree, of the middling size; its leaves are a little oval, very
-soft and easily squeezed; its fruit is half an inch long or more, both
-white and black, the best without seeds, and much less than the rest.
-It is sweet and easy of digestion, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb64"
-href="#pb64" name="pb64">64</a>]</span>strengthens the system and
-kidnies; is aphrodisiac, increases blood, remedies costiveness; is hot
-and dry. Those without seed, more efficient than any other. I have
-written what I have experienced of its effect, but much more is said of
-its properties in Yunani publications. Its bruised leaves with salt
-said to be suppurative and discutient.</p>
-<p id="p327" class="par"><span class="parNum">327</span> <span class=
-"sc">Thour</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1607;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;<i>Euphorbia
-Neriifolia</i>, Roxb. called also <i>Th&uacute;r</i>. A kind of
-<i>Zekoom</i>, (thorny tree,) some call it <i>Synhud</i>, others
-describe it as resembling the <i>Zekoom</i>, and that its fruit is like
-the <i>Hurrhee</i>, but the <i>Th&oacute;or</i> and <i>Synhud</i> do
-not bear fruit. The milk of the plant blisters the skin; its expressed
-oil is aphrodisiac, and possesses other properties. A cloth wet with
-the milk, is used as an aphrodisiac, and the particular manner will be
-found in the Ilajulumrar and the Ijal&eacute;n&aacute;pheh.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus mentioned:
-Thew&eacute;r. In the opinion of the people of India, it removes
-costiveness, cures affections of the spleen and spasms of the stomach,
-and evacuates the bowels and <i>Fetuek</i>; if its leaves are boiled in
-water or <i>Dhaie</i> with a little salt, strained and drank with a
-little cow&rsquo;s ghee, it will cure all disorders of wind and
-vitiated bile, and relax the bowels. The milk of the Thewer is procured
-as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">Pierce the plant close to the root, and fill the wound
-during a night with asaf&oelig;tida, in the morning remove the gum, and
-attach a vessel to receive the exuding milk, and should the juice be
-required very thin, a little salt may be added to the
-asaf&oelig;tida.</p>
-<p id="p328" class="par"><span class="parNum">328</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tendhoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1608;</span>, called also
-<i>Tendook</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Diospyros Ebenum</i>,&rdquo; another
-kind is called <i>Bychtendook</i>. A tree of India, of a large size;
-its fruit like the <i>Anula</i>, but smaller. The first kind cures
-boils, eruption and disorders of wind. When the tree becomes aged, it
-produces the ebony, which is the centre; it cures bilious disorders;
-its unripe fruit is cool, astringent and increases wind. When ripe it
-is heavy, beneficial in bilious complaints, disorders of the blood, and
-seminal weakness; The second kind is nearly similar in its properties;
-but is more cooling, light, and astringent.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">329</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tejotee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1580;&#1608;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Bitter, pungent,
-hot, stomachic, useful in disorders of mucus, wind, dysuria, cough, and
-convulsions. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb65" href="#pb65" name=
-"pb65">65</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p330" class="par"><span class="parNum">330</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teetur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1578;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The <i>Partridge</i>,
-&ldquo;<i>Perdix Francolinus</i>.&rdquo; Its flesh increases the color
-of the skin, renders the bowels costive; is stomachic, useful in
-hiccup, and disorders of the three principal secretions; beneficial in
-difficulty of breathing, cough, and dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p331" class="par"><span class="parNum">331</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tendooa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1583;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The
-<i>Leopard</i>, <i>Felis Leopardus</i>.&rdquo; Some say the Indian name
-for this is <i>Nimonur</i>. The people of India call it a species of
-tiger, but it is smaller; it is also named <i>Tendoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p332" class="par"><span class="parNum">332</span> <span class=
-"sc">Telkirur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;</span> or <i>Telk&uacute;r</i>.&mdash;The oil of
-the <i>Kojora</i>; it is bitter, pungent, hot, beneficial in affections
-from wind, strengthens the system, diminishes the eye-sight, increases
-the three principal secretions, and produces heart-burn.</p>
-<p id="p333" class="par"><span class="parNum">333</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tesoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1588;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The flower of the
-<i>Palass</i>.</p>
-<p id="p334" class="par"><span class="parNum">334</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tezpat</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1586;&#1662;&#1575;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Patrudje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p335" class="par"><span class="parNum">335</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teerun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Cool, bitter, useful in
-wounds, and improves the complexion.</p>
-<p id="p336" class="par"><span class="parNum">336</span> <span class=
-"sc">Terbile</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span><span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e8348" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A medicine
-of India.</p>
-<p id="p337" class="par"><span class="parNum">337</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teetee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The name of the fruit
-<i>Karele</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="jeem" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1548; &#1670;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p338" class="par first"><span class="parNum">338</span>
-<span class="sc">Jamin</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1605;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Eugenia
-Jambolana.</i>&rdquo; One of the largest of trees; its leaves about 3
-inches long and half an inch broad, of an oval shape. The fruit is
-round and of three kinds, the <i>Deeriaie</i>, the <i>Bhagaie</i>, and
-<i>Sehraie</i>. Of the <i>Bhagaie</i>, there are two kinds, the largest
-called <i>Churputtra</i> and the common <i>Jamun</i>. The common name
-of the <i>Deeriaie</i> is <i>Nadeye</i>. All kinds are dry and
-astringent; cures disorders of mucus, bile, blood, and boils and
-eruptions, but when the fruit is large it is sweet, and difficult of
-digestion; it cures swellings in the body. Some have called the <i>Ray
-Jamun</i> hot. The <i>Sehraie</i> is strengthening, and increases
-semen. There is a kind of <i>Jamun</i> grown in Delhi, that is without
-stones, and very sweet; in my opinion this is the best of all, and next
-to it must rank the <i>Ray Jamun</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">That fruit which is found in the latter end of the rains
-is called <i>Bhadeya</i>, and is also sweet. In my opinion it is cool
-and moist, and stomachic, but the one without the stone, named
-<i>B&egrave;d&aacute;na</i>, is more so than the other kinds.</p>
-<p class="par">The juice of the fruit is to be preferred as a
-stomachic, and is more grateful to the taste. It is best prepared by
-being sprinkled <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb66" href="#pb66" name=
-"pb66">66</a>]</span>with salt, and shaken in a dish, which deprives it
-of its great astringency and corrects its hurtful qualities.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a kind of jamun of the color of dry grass, of a
-yellowish white color, smaller than those described, of a pleasant
-smell. Nawab Assoph-ul-Dowlah at Lucknow, taking into consideration its
-scarcity, brought it from the eastward, and sowed it in his gardens. It
-is the now common <i>goolaub jamun</i>, and smells of roses; there is
-also a kind of jamun at Lucknow called <i>Phalenda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p339" class="par"><span class="parNum">339</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jatie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Chumbelie</i>, &ldquo;<i>Jasminum Grandiflorum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p340" class="par"><span class="parNum">340</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chaab</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the <i>Guj
-peepul</i>, cures hemorrhoids, and resembles <i>peepulamool</i> in its
-properties.</p>
-<p id="p341" class="par"><span class="parNum">341</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaie Puttrie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1657;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Hot, light, vermifuge, cures
-mucous disorders, and is an antidote to poisons. It is a name for
-Bisbass.</p>
-<p id="p342" class="par"><span class="parNum">342</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chakussoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1603;&#1587;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A
-<i>Jeshmoridj</i>. If 21 grains of this be bruized and moistened with
-filings of Sandal-wood in water, in a new earthern vessel, and drank in
-the morning, it will be found very <span class="corr" id="xd24e8495"
-title="Source: effetcual">effectual</span> in Dysuria ardens.</p>
-<p id="p343" class="par"><span class="parNum">343</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaiphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nutmeg, <i>Myristica
-Aromatica</i>, <i>Myristica Moschata</i>.&rdquo; Hot, light, stomachic,
-clears the throat, cures mucous disorders, and allays vomiting; is
-vermifuge, remedies any irregularity in the sense of smelling and
-cough.</p>
-<p id="p344" class="par"><span class="parNum">344</span> <span class=
-"sc">Charai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>, or
-<i>Charwolie</i>; both names of <i>Cherownjee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p345" class="par"><span class="parNum">345</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaal</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of fish.</p>
-<p id="p346" class="par"><span class="parNum">346</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaiey</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Jasminum
-Grandiflorum?</i> A sweet smelling flower, bitter and cool, useful in
-eruptions of the mouth from heat, in disordered eye sight, and
-affections of the uterus, also in wounds and ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p347" class="par"><span class="parNum">347</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chakoth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;A culinary
-vegetable, sweet and saltish, useful in affections of wind, mucus,
-bile; fever, and piles. It also remedies costiveness, improves the
-taste of the mouth, and clears the olfactory nerves.</p>
-<p id="p348" class="par"><span class="parNum">348</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chalkurie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Foo</i> or
-<i>Mujeeth</i>.</p>
-<p id="p349" class="par"><span class="parNum">349</span> <span class=
-"sc">Changerie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1610;&#1681;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Umulchhangerie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p350" class="par"><span class="parNum">350</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheebook</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1576;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Khurnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p351" class="par"><span class="parNum">351</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chitchera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1670;&#1610;&#1681;&#1575;</span> or
-<i>Chichira</i>, also <i>Chirchira</i>. P. <i>Khasmar</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb67" href="#pb67" name=
-"pb67">67</a>]</span>&ldquo;<i>Achyranthus aspera.</i>&rdquo; Pungent
-and laxative, increases appetite, cures disorders of wind and mucus,
-<i>daad</i>, <i>seulie</i>, piles, itch, (both dry and moist,)
-itchiness in the bowels, dropsy, boils, and other eruptions. Another
-kind is red; both are dry and astringent. The seed is beneficial in
-those eruptions, the consequence of vitiated bile. The red flowers are
-very common, the white are more scarce; if the white flower be
-preserved about the person, it will render one invulnerable. In
-disorders of the blood, the root bruised in water and taken is useful,
-mixed with dhaie and sugar, it is of use in Menhorragia cruenta. The
-stem of the plant used as a tooth-brush is excellent in disorders of
-the teeth, and sweetens the breath. The juice of its leaves squeezed
-into the eye improves eye-sight. The seeds and leaves pounded and drank
-in a seer of milk is a powerful emetic, or if they be taken to the
-quantity of four tolahs daily for 21 days in congee, they will cure
-bleeding, piles, and bruised and applied externally, will act as
-styptics. The white flowers<a id="xd24e8637" name="xd24e8637"></a> kept
-on the person, will prevent you from being stung by a scorpion, or will
-remove the pain when externally applied.</p>
-<p id="p352" class="par"><span class="parNum">352</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chetuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1578;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A name given to birds that
-inhabit wild places, (those more tame are called <i>Chiria</i>,) they
-are sweet to the taste; cold and moist. Aphrodisiac, and useful in
-disorders called <i>Sunpat</i>, and increase phlegm. Tame fowl is hot
-and dry, also aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p353" class="par"><span class="parNum">353</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jutamassie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1657;&#1575;&#1605;&#1575;&#1588;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Bitter
-and cold, clears the skin, useful in mucous disorders or diffusion of
-bile in the blood, in affections of the throat, and is an antidote to
-poisons. &ldquo;Spikenard, Valeriana <i>Jatamansi</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p354" class="par"><span class="parNum">354</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chuttra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1578;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;During digestion it is
-hot, and produces a burning sensation, curative in itch and
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p355" class="par"><span class="parNum">355</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chuttur Phill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1578;&#1585;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name of
-<i>Syneed</i>, a kind of <i>Khoreacera</i>.</p>
-<p id="p356" class="par"><span class="parNum">356</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chichinda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>, also
-<i>Chunchilund</i>, &ldquo;<i>Beta Vulgaris</i>.&rdquo; The root of a
-culinary vegetable of India. It is of a long tapering shape like the
-carrot, and is in general use. I have experienced it to be of use in
-dry emaciation, and that it is sweet and stomachic, light and
-beneficial in superabundance of bile, increases appetite, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb68" href="#pb68" name="pb68">68</a>]</span>and
-removes viscid mucus and bile. The root is laxative. Another kind is
-bitter, hot, and moist, decreases bile, mucus and heat, and cures all
-disorders of the blood.</p>
-<p id="p357" class="par"><span class="parNum">357</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chachoondur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1607;&#1670;&#1607;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;</span>, also
-called <i>Chulde</i>. &ldquo;<i>Sorex Cerulescens</i>, Shaw.&rdquo;
-&ldquo;<i>Sorex Ceruleus</i>, Turton.&rdquo; <i>The Musk-rat.</i> P.
-<i>Kormoosh</i>. If its meat is applied to the ulcer at the back of the
-neck called Khoonadeer, it will be found very effectual. If its brain
-be dissolved in oil and applied as a friction to the spots of white
-leprosy, and other discolorations of the skin, it will remove them. If
-the scrotum is tied up and preserved about the person as a charm, it
-will increase and lengthen the continuance of aphrodisia.</p>
-<p id="p358" class="par"><span class="parNum">358</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirchirra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1681;&#1670;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Chitchira</i>.</p>
-<p id="p359" class="par"><span class="parNum">359</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirpoota</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1662;&#1608;&#1578;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine of India, cool and dry, and aperient; cures difficulty of
-breathing and cough.</p>
-<p id="p360" class="par"><span class="parNum">360</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chiria</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1585;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Roonjisk</i>, called also <i>Chituck</i>.</p>
-<p id="p361" class="par"><span class="parNum">361</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirownjee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;&#1606;&#1580;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The
-nut of the <i>Chironjia Sapida</i>.&rdquo; A round or oval seed like
-the <i>peepul</i>, of a dark-brown colour. The tree is of the milky
-kind, the leaves white, or of an earthy color, an oil is expressed from
-its kernel. A. <i>Hubboossum&rsquo;na</i>. P. <i>Nookul Khaja</i>. It
-is sweet and oleaginous, heavy and luxative, beneficial in bilious and
-mucous disorders, in foulness of the blood, heat of the body, and
-bruises, and it increases wind.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also written that <i>Chirownjie</i> is the kernel
-of the stone of a fruit, of the appearance and taste of the
-<i>phalsa</i>, and that it is dried and carried hence to various
-countries. It is very common in Bundelcund, it ripens in the
-commencement of the hot weather, and the capsule is said to be
-separated from the kernel in a hand-mill. The tree is large: the nuts
-are strung on thread and used by the natives as necklaces, and they are
-roasted and eaten as food.</p>
-<p id="p362" class="par"><span class="parNum">362</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherayta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1585;&#1575;&#1574;&#1578;&#1575;</span>, called also
-<i>Punsaal</i>. &ldquo;<i>Gentiana Chirayata</i>, Roxb. Sp. Ch.
-Herbaceous, leaves stem-clasping, lanceolate, 3&ndash;5-nerved, corol
-rotate, four cleft, smooth stamens, four, capsule ovate, bifurcate, as
-long as the calyx.&rdquo; It is bitter, cool, and dry, light, and
-producing wind, beneficial in cough, general heat, and fever. A.
-<i>Rusbuzz&egrave;reera</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb69" href=
-"#pb69" name="pb69">69</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p363" class="par"><span class="parNum">363</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jest</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1587;&#1657;</span> in P.
-<i>Roo Tootia</i>. It is hot and light, and during digestion cool and
-heavy; facilitates the fusion of metals.</p>
-<p id="p364" class="par"><span class="parNum">364</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chesteymud</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1587;&#1657;&#1609;
-&#1605;&#1583;</span>, called also <i>Chestee</i>, also
-<i>Chitenmud</i>. &ldquo;<i>Glycyrrhira Glabra</i>. W. <i>Glycine
-Abrus</i>, Linn.&rdquo; in Arabic
-<i>Ass&oacute;oloos&rsquo;oos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p365" class="par"><span class="parNum">365</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukunder</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1602;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Saluk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p366" class="par"><span class="parNum">366</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chikara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of deer;
-its tail is black, and its meat sweet, cool, light, and astringent,
-stomachic, cardiac, and beneficial in disorders of wind, bile, and
-mucus.</p>
-<p id="p367" class="par"><span class="parNum">367</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>. In P. <i>Rubk</i>.
-&ldquo;A variety of <i>Titroo Rufus</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p368" class="par"><span class="parNum">368</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukua Chukui</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1608;&#1575;
-&#1670;&#1603;&#1608;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Anas
-Casarea.</i>&rdquo; The <i>Braminee Duck</i>. Its flesh is sweet, cool,
-moist, and heavy, <span class="corr" id="xd24e8925" title=
-"Source: strenghtens">strengthens</span> the system, restrains the flow
-of urine and f&aelig;ces, cures affections of wind, bile, and blood. In
-P. it is named <i>Soorkhab</i> and <i>Chukawuck</i>, A.
-<i>Kumb&eacute;era</i>.</p>
-<p id="p369" class="par"><span class="parNum">369</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukeerka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1610;&#1585;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The white
-kind of the seed, called <i>Soorkh</i>, a common seed, used as a
-weight; properties the same.</p>
-<p id="p370" class="par"><span class="parNum">370</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ch&oelig;kurk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1585;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A name of the grain
-<i>Koolthie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p371" class="par"><span class="parNum">371</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukond</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name of the
-<i>Penwar</i> or <i>Chukwand</i>.</p>
-<p id="p372" class="par"><span class="parNum">372</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukotrah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1603;&#1608;&#1578;&#1585;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-fruit of Hindost&rsquo;han; its tree like the <i>Rutael</i>, with
-double leaves, the under one very small. It is very easily engrafted on
-the Rutael tree. The fruit is green and round; its capsule granulated;
-its green color is that of a small melon; inside it is red; the
-divisions very small. It is sweet, acid, and bitter, and is ate with
-salt or sugar. It is cool in its properties, allays thirst from bile,
-creates appetite. In no book of Hindost&rsquo;han have I been able to
-find any account of it. &ldquo;<i>Citrus Decumanus.</i> The
-<i>Pumalo</i>, <i>Batabi Neemboo</i>, <i>Pumpleuoes</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p373" class="par"><span class="parNum">373</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jooqunoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1602;&#1606;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Lampyris.</i>&rdquo;
-The fire fly. P. <i>Kermukshub Cherag</i>. A. <i>Hubahub</i>. It shines
-in the night during the rains.</p>
-<p id="p374" class="par"><span class="parNum">374</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukadana</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1602;&#1583;&#1575;&#1606;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;The name
-of a seed of an earthy color; hard, and having a small kernel; it is
-like the <i>Hub&egrave;bulsa</i>, but is somewhat larger; the latter
-besides is pointed at both ends, whereas this is not. The women of
-Delhi give this in purges for children.</p>
-<p id="p375" class="par"><span class="parNum">375</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jillpeelbuka</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1604;&#1662;&#1604;
-&#1576;&#1603;&#1575;</span>, also called <i>Jill peepul</i>, or
-<i>Phylphilabi</i>. It is cool and dry, and astringent; cardiac and
-aphrodisiac, strengthens the eyes, cures disorders of blood, heat in
-the chest<span class="corr" id="xd24e9054" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb70" href=
-"#pb70" name="pb70">70</a>]</span>boils and inveterate eruptions;
-another kind of it is red, dry, beneficial in affections of wind,
-mucus, and is astringent. Its fruit is beneficial in eruption from
-vitiated bile. Red flowers very common.</p>
-<p id="p376" class="par"><span class="parNum">376</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chellwuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1604;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A large tree of India.
-Its fresh leaves are used as an application to inflamatory <i>Daad</i>,
-or other watery eruptions, as well as the common <i>Daad</i>. This I
-have found from experience. <i>Sybr</i> is first applied to produce
-some inflammation, and then this application is made use of. A patient
-of mine was long annoyed with <i>Daad</i> in both his shoulders, for
-the cure of which he had tried many remedies. I recommended this, he
-took a quantity of the leaves, bruised them, and applied them over the
-parts, but from the great heat and irritation they produced, he quickly
-removed them; he then applied the Mooltance earth, to remove the
-irritation, this so far succeeded, but the part rose in blisters, the
-water from the blisters being discharged, the complaint was found
-relieved, when the parts were well, he again applied the leaves, this
-destroyed the disease, and left the place all black. The skin soon
-re-assumed its wonted color, and the disease was perfectly cured. From
-the above circumstance, I am led to conclude, that the application is a
-very powerful one, and acts as a blister. If they are applied to parts
-which have been deprived of sensation, it will be equally effectual as
-<i>Sutoobria</i>.</p>
-<p id="p377" class="par"><span class="parNum">377</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheylchish</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1604;&#1670;&#1610;&#1588;</span>.&mdash;A very hurtful
-kind of fish, which increases disorders of the three principal
-secretions.</p>
-<p id="p378" class="par"><span class="parNum">378</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chillie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of culinary greens,
-from the common vegetable called <i>cheel</i>; cool, dry, light,
-aperient; promotes appetite, increases knowledge, strengthens the
-system, cures disorders of the spleen, blood, and the three secretions,
-and is vermifuge. One kind named <i>Kutf</i>, also <i>Buthua</i>.</p>
-<p id="p379" class="par"><span class="parNum">379</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Benth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1604;&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1578;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>ratan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p380" class="par"><span class="parNum">380</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Butees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1604;&#1576;&#1578;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;Cool,
-astringent, producing flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p381" class="par"><span class="parNum">381</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Neeb</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1604;&#1606;&#1610;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;A small plant;
-its branches minute; also its leaves like the <i>Loonia saag</i>; it
-creeps on the ground, and is to be found near rivers. It is very
-bitter, and from its constant vicinity to water has obtained its name.
-It is purgative, powerfully so, in the quantity of 6 mashas. In
-herpetic eruptions and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb71" href="#pb71"
-name="pb71">71</a>]</span>Lues venerea it is very beneficial, but it
-can only be given with safety to those who are not in a weak state.</p>
-<p id="p382" class="par"><span class="parNum">382</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumgader</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1605;&#1711;&#1608;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The
-<i>Bat</i>. A. <i>Khuffash</i>. Its blood rubbed on the feet is
-aphrodisiac. Its properties are particularly described in the Yunani
-works.</p>
-<p id="p383" class="par"><span class="parNum">383</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e9178" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Jamalgotay">Jamalgota</span></span>
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1605;&#1604;&#1711;&#1608;&#1657;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Datoon</i>. &ldquo;<i>Croton Tiglium.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p384" class="par"><span class="parNum">384</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumbeley</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum
-Grandiflorum.</i>&rdquo; A white flower, of a strong, sweet smell, one
-kind is yellow, and named <i>Soorunjati</i>: alike in their properties,
-both are hot and light, useful in head-aches, pains in the eyes, and
-teeth, in boils, eruptions and foulness of the blood.</p>
-<p class="par">A decoction of its leaves in water will cure tooth-ache;
-the mouth being repeatedly washed with it. The juice of the root taken
-with milk will remove suppression of urine, and many have made the
-experiment with success.</p>
-<p id="p385" class="par"><span class="parNum">385</span> <span class=
-"sc">Champa</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1662;&#1575;</span>
-or <i>Chumpuk</i>, &ldquo;<i>Michelia Champaca.</i>&rdquo; A flower of
-India, of a pyramidal shape, its color is a light or whitish yellow,
-very beautiful, and as such is often quoted as the perfection of
-color.</p>
-<p class="par">In this part of the country, it is very common; it cures
-difficulty in voiding urine, disorders of mucus, blood, and nausea. It
-is pungently bitter and cool; useful in injuries of the nose, and in
-general heat. One kind is called Paak Chumpa, hot and pungent, creates
-appetite, improves eye-sight, diminishes mucus, and cures bruises. The
-smell is cardiac and stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p386" class="par"><span class="parNum">386</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chermb&aelig;rie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1585;&#1605;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;An acid fruit of India;
-beneficial in itchiness of stomach, disorders of mucus and wind,
-depraved taste, pains of the chest, loss of <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e9237" title="Source: appetie">appetite</span>, and worms. Its
-acid removes the effects of intoxication; it is cool in its properties.
-The sweet kind is bitter, and a little heating.</p>
-<p id="p387" class="par"><span class="parNum">387</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junthmook</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1606;&#1578;
-&#1605;&#1603;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;In taste it is sweet, and is
-like the <i>Saalie</i>, (a kind of rice;) in its effects, but the best
-of all kinds of rice is the <i>Christn daan</i>, and that which has
-been sown in a soil manured by ashes, is the lightest and best in
-curing mucous disorders. The rice produced in the common manner is
-heavy, useful in disorders of bile and wind, and frequent change of
-soil, or the plant removed or transplanted to another soil is the best.
-It is diuretic and generally beneficial. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb72" href="#pb72" name="pb72">72</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p388" class="par"><span class="parNum">388</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jungliechuha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1606;&#1711;&#1604;&#1609;
-&#1670;&#1608;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Runfeer</i>. Its flesh
-is useful in cough, difficulty of breathing, foulness of blood; is dry
-and beneficial in all the three secretions. The meat of the female is
-to be preferred to that of the male.</p>
-<p id="p389" class="par"><span class="parNum">389</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumbuck</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1576;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;Cool and decreases
-corpulency; is an antidote to poison. A. <i>Hyzr Mukunatees</i>.</p>
-<p id="p390" class="par"><span class="parNum">390</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundurkanth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1578;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Its
-taste is sweet and astringent; it is cool and aperient, strengthens the
-eyes, reduces corpulency, cures boils and eruptions, and is an antidote
-to poison. A. <i>Hyzrool Kummur</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e9295"
-title="Not in source">.</span></p>
-<p id="p391" class="par"><span class="parNum">391</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundsoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Haloo</i>. &ldquo;<i>Lepedium Sativum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p392" class="par"><span class="parNum">392</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Santalum
-Album</i>, W. or <i>Sirium myrtifolium</i>.&rdquo; P. <i>Sandal
-Suffed</i>. A little bitter; cool, dry, and light; is cardiac and
-exhilirates the spirits; is tonic; an antidote to poisons; useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, allays thirst, heat in the chest,
-clears the complexion. Its real name is Ujelah. Chundun, and Rukut
-Chundun is the name for red Sandal.</p>
-<p id="p393" class="par"><span class="parNum">393</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundunsarba</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1606;
-&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for white
-<i>Kalesur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p394" class="par"><span class="parNum">394</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1606;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;The name of a
-large tree, like the <i>peepul</i>; its leaves like those of the
-tamarind; it is prickly, and its bark white.</p>
-<p id="p395" class="par"><span class="parNum">395</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jawansa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1606;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Khar
-Shooter</i>. It is sweet and bitter, cool, light, and aperient, cures
-bilious disorders and those of the blood. Also vertigo. <i>Hedysarum
-Alhagi.</i></p>
-<p id="p396" class="par"><span class="parNum">396</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choke</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;Bitter, soft, and emetic,
-useful in foulness of the blood, mucus, poisons, worms, flatulence,
-itch and Juzam. &ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrubad.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Choke</i> is a medicine of India, it is a
-black juice, very acid, soft, cool, and dry, increasing appetite,
-promoting digestion, stomachic and astringent, lessens the secretion of
-bile, and injuries <span class="corr" id="xd24e9394" title=
-"Not in source">of</span> the tendons. Its corrector is sugar; its
-succedaneum Bejowra, dose &frac12; to 1 direm.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p397" class="par"><span class="parNum">397</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chowlai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Chowrai</i>, &ldquo;<i>Amaranthus Polygamus</i>.&rdquo; One kind of
-it called also <i>gunder</i>; a kind of culinary greens, used by the
-people of India; cool and dry, useful in bilious disorders, mucus, and
-blood, and is diuretic and aperient. It is stomachic, promotes
-digestion, and cures eruptions from vitiated bile. Another kind of it
-is named <i>mursai</i>; cool, heavy, and aperient; useful <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb73" href="#pb73" name="pb73">73</a>]</span>in
-seminal weakness, and disorders of the three secretions. A.
-<i>Bokul&aelig; Yemania</i>.</p>
-<p id="p398" class="par"><span class="parNum">398</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juhi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A small white flower,
-also a yellow kind. In the <i>Dhunteri</i>, it is said there are three
-kinds of it, a white, yellow, and purple. It has a sweet smell, and
-some have called it a species of jessamine. In Delhi it obtains the
-name of Jahee Juhi, but these two words are, properly speaking,
-distinct names for different flowers, and the author of the <i>Echtyar
-Casmi</i> has described them separately. It is cool and beneficial in
-affections of the eyes, and increases wind and mucus.
-&ldquo;<i>Jasminum Auriculatum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p399" class="par"><span class="parNum">399</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juwar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Holcus
-sorghum.</i>&rdquo; A. <i>Zoorra</i>. A grain; sweet to the taste, cool
-and producing wind, useful in mucous disorders and bile, and in my
-opinion is difficult of digestion. It is aphrodisiac, and if eaten to
-excess, produces flatulent pains in the bowels. One kind is named
-Mukaiy, and possesses the same properties.</p>
-<p id="p400" class="par"><span class="parNum">400</span> <span class=
-"sc">Joonk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A name for an Indian
-plant, about a yard high, more or less; its leaves are small, and its
-seed about half an inch in length, resembling a leech; sweet, cool,
-heavy, and useful in gonorrh&oelig;a, cures wind, bile, and phlegm. Its
-leaves are very mucilaginous, and the children of India play with the
-pods, sticking them to their bodies like leeches. It grows in the
-rains, and usually in uncultivated places.</p>
-<p id="p401" class="par"><span class="parNum">401</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juhan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e9479" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A kind of anise seed,
-commonly called <i>Adjwain Kermanie</i>. I have described its
-properties under the head <i>Adjwain</i>.</p>
-<p id="p402" class="par"><span class="parNum">402</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jawakhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Nuttroon</i>; pungent, hot, and aperient; useful in affections
-of wind, mucus, dropsy, pains in the bowels, dysuria, and is
-lithontriptic. In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is written, that it
-is hot and dry, diuretic and aperient, useful in disorders of mucus,
-wind, dropsy, pains in the bowels; is lithontriptic, and beneficial in
-the spleen and indolent tumors.</p>
-<p id="p403" class="par"><span class="parNum">403</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chouch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1608;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;A large and small kind;
-pungent and hot; astringent and sweet; inducing costiveness; stomachic;
-beneficial in cholicks, inflammatory pains in the spleen, and other
-pains in the bowels. It is a favorite ingredient in many formul&aelig;.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb74" href="#pb74" name=
-"pb74">74</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p404" class="par"><span class="parNum">404</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chehtaon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1607;&#1578;&#1575;&#1572;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A tree of
-India; aperient, and useful in disorders of mucus and wind; also in
-Juzam, boils, and eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p405" class="par"><span class="parNum">405</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jholputtur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1604;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A kind <i>Asheer</i>; cool, light,
-and cardiac; cures disorders of mucus and bile, and diminishes the
-volume of blood.</p>
-<p id="p406" class="par"><span class="parNum">406</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherakakoli</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1603;&#1604;&#1609;</span>
-or <i>Chershookla</i>; also <i>Chermudera</i>; sweet, cool, heavy,
-aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders of blood, bile, heart-burn,
-dryness of the mouth, thirst, fever, emaciation and dropsy.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Dhunteri</i>, it is also said to promote
-digestion, and to be pleasant in flavor, and agreeable in its effects;
-to cure suppression of urine and pains in the chest. It also is used as
-a cephalic. It is said to cure affections of mucus, Juzam and worms,
-and to cause an increase of bile; it is commonly known by the name of
-<i>Nuckchickenie</i>. Vide N.</p>
-<p id="p407" class="par"><span class="parNum">407</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choonderdhan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;</span> or
-<i>Jowdhan</i>.&mdash;A kind of rice, called also <i>Rukitsaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p408" class="par"><span class="parNum">408</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;The goat; its flesh is
-moist and heavy, but easy of digestion; useful in disorders of the
-three secretions; produces no heat at stomach, increases semen, and
-renders the sense of smelling more acute: it is also called
-<i>Bukeri</i>. A. <i>Mehyr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p409" class="par"><span class="parNum">409</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeengha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-shell-fish; hot and dry; those newly taken are to be preferred; they
-are aphrodisiac, aperient, and grateful to the taste. This may
-generally be true, but bad effects have followed their use, and that
-which is salted is melanagogue, or produces black bile; the corrector
-is oil of almonds. P. <i>Muluch Diriae</i>, A. <i>Jeradool Bahr</i>.
-Some have said that the <i>Robean</i> is the same fish.</p>
-<p id="p410" class="par"><span class="parNum">410</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junkar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1606;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for the
-deer <i>Barasingha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p411" class="par"><span class="parNum">411</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jojakhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1608;&#1580;&#1575;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for nitre.</p>
-<p id="p412" class="par"><span class="parNum">412</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chohara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1607;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The
-date. <i>Ph&oelig;nix Dactylifera.</i>&rdquo; P. called
-<i>Kho&oacute;rma sunshekun</i>; aphrodisiac; it is ate with milk. If
-the <i>Ch&oacute;hara</i> is bruised, and with salep and sugar boiled
-in milk, till nearly half the milk shall be evaporated, then drank, it
-will be found useful as an aphrodisiac, increasing the bulk of the
-solids, and if it digests easily, it will be found peculiarly useful.
-If roasted and eat with opium, it becomes astringent. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb75" href="#pb75" name="pb75">75</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p413" class="par"><span class="parNum">413</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirr</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1585;</span>, and another
-kind, which is black; both are cold, and useful in disorders of all the
-secretions, heat of the body, and Juzam. P. <i>Soombulutteeb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p414" class="par"><span class="parNum">414</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chereela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1585;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;In its
-properties it resembles <i>S&egrave;le&egrave;chih</i>, (Cassia
-Lignea.) P. <i>Ooshna</i>.</p>
-<p id="p415" class="par"><span class="parNum">415</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jhow</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1607;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A
-name of <i>Turfa</i>. If bruised and mixed with vinegar it suppurates
-indolent swellings, and also scirrhous swellings of the spleen.</p>
-<p id="p416" class="par"><span class="parNum">416</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherkund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1585;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Beedareekund</i>, which is white.</p>
-<p id="p417" class="par"><span class="parNum">417</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundurseha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1587;&#1610;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Mudukp&uacute;rnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p418" class="par"><span class="parNum">418</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choocheroo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1608;&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>S&iacute;rphonka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p419" class="par"><span class="parNum">419</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jhirberie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1607;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jujube.</i>&rdquo;
-A name for wild <i>Baer</i>; is acid, cool, useful in bile, cardiac,
-and astringent: if dried and pounded, it is called
-<i>B&uacute;rchun</i>; this possesses all its properties, but is more
-astringent.</p>
-<p id="p420" class="par"><span class="parNum">420</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jyaphupp</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1662;</span>.&mdash;Another kind of it is
-<i>Tersindiapurni</i>; its seed is made into beads. It is also called
-<i>Surupjea</i>; it is astringent, strengthens the hair of the head,
-and darkens its color.</p>
-<p id="p421" class="par"><span class="parNum">421</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheehur&aelig;</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1729;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-tree of India; there is another kind called <i>Choobnuz</i>, and a
-third kind <i>S&aacute;toona</i>. Its wood smells strong and rancid; it
-is hot and dry in the 3rd degree; it is very oleaginous and greasy. If
-its juice be expelled by heat and collected, it is excellent as an
-application in paralysis, and it also cleanses large foul ulcers. Its
-milk is pungent and heating, and it is an active poison, hot and dry in
-the 4th degree; applied to the skin, it blisters; it is used in
-swellings from cold. Its wood is used internally in loss of voluntary
-motion or insensibility and epilepsy, and it is said to be
-lithontriptic. It injures the lungs, and its corrector is oil of
-almonds and gum. The dose is 3 mashas.</p>
-<p id="p422" class="par"><span class="parNum">422</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1610;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;Cool and aphrodisiac;
-increases semen and mucus; cures disorders of bile, wind, heart-burn,
-emaciation, and hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p423" class="par"><span class="parNum">423</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheenuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A tree of Hindostan;
-hot; useful in boils and eruptions, affections of the heart and
-disorders of wind; it is astringent.</p>
-<p id="p424" class="par"><span class="parNum">424</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewuntie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1610;&#1608;&#1606;&#1578;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Je&eacute;w&uacute;nie</i> or <i>J&eacute;w&aacute;</i>; cool,
-sweet, moist, light; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb76" href="#pb76"
-name="pb76">76</a>]</span>strengthens the system and eyesight; is
-astringent; useful in disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It forms an
-ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;, and it removes feverish heat.
-The people of India use its greens in the beginning of the cold weather
-as food; the small Jeewuntie being considered as one of the best of
-culinary vegetables. It is called also <i>Saag Sherista</i>. The large
-kind is named <i>Bhe&eacute;ndoorie</i>, from its more limited mode of
-spreading its branches, and the small kind, for the contrary reason, is
-called <i>B&eacute;ldo&oacute;rie</i>: this spreads to a great
-distance, and creeps along whatever it comes in contact with. The fruit
-is like the cucumber.</p>
-<p class="par">The above is also the name of a flower, which in the
-<i>Dhunteri</i> is said to be aphrodisiac, and to clear the voice.</p>
-<p id="p425" class="par"><span class="parNum">425</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewung</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1580;&#1610;&#1608;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;Also
-<i>Buthua</i>. Its stem is red.</p>
-<p id="p426" class="par"><span class="parNum">426</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheedah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1583;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;The small pine
-(Senobir Jegheer); sweet; pungent during digestion; bitter, hot, moist,
-light; useful in windy disorders, and affections of the eyes, throat,
-and ear.</p>
-<p id="p427" class="par"><span class="parNum">427</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheenah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1606;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Millet.
-<i>Panicum Italicum.</i> <i>Pan.</i> <i>Pilosum.</i>&rdquo; P.
-<i>Arzum</i>. A. <i>Dakhun</i>. Its properties are nearly the same as
-the small seed called Kongnee.</p>
-<p id="p428" class="par"><span class="parNum">428</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1578;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;An Indian Deer, black
-and white, pyebald. Its flesh has the same properties as the
-Chikara.</p>
-<p id="p429" class="par"><span class="parNum">429</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1578;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Its meat is hot
-and heavy; useful in disorders of wind, affections of the eyes and
-voice. In A. <i>Phahus</i>; it is also the name of a medicine mentioned
-hereafter.</p>
-<p id="p430" class="par"><span class="parNum">430</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheel</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Kite. <i>Falco
-Cheela</i>,&rdquo; Lath. Its meat is heavy, and increases disorders of
-the three secretions. In P. <i>Gh&uacute;llevaz</i>. A.
-<i>Hyd&aacute;t</i>.</p>
-<p id="p431" class="par"><span class="parNum">431</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeepaul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1580;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Jamalgota</i>.</p>
-<p id="p432" class="par"><span class="parNum">432</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1578;&#1575;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Valerian?</i>
-<i>Plumbago Zeylanica</i> or <i>Plumbago Rosea</i>, W.&rdquo; A
-medicine; one kind of which is red, the other purple; inside of a
-yellowish color; both woods are very thin, and both are pungent,
-bitter, dry, light, astringent, stomachic, and increase the powers of
-digestion. The red kind, mixed with strong vinegar, and rubbed hard on
-the spots of white leprosy till blisters arise, will have the effect of
-removing the complaint. A. <i>Sheetrudj</i>.</p>
-<p id="p433" class="par"><span class="parNum">433</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheea</span> <span lang="ur">&#1670;&#1610;&#1575;</span> or
-<i>Cheetkeh</i>, both names for <i>Hurr</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="khah" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1582;</span></h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb77" href="#pb77" name=
-"pb77">77</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p434" class="par"><span class="parNum">434</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khutchur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1582;&#1670;&#1729;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Bagul</i>. P.
-<i>Astur</i>. The mule. Its flesh increases strength; is aphrodisiac;
-it likewise increases mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p435" class="par"><span class="parNum">435</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khergosh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1582;&#1585;&#1711;&#1608;&#1588;</span>.&mdash;So called in
-Persian. The hare. Its Indian name is <i>Suss&aacute;h</i>. Vide S.</p>
-<p id="p436" class="par"><span class="parNum">436</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kherboozah</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1582;&#1585;&#1576;&#1608;&#1586;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;So named,
-both in Persian and Hinduee. It is hot, dry, light, and sweet; when
-ripe it increases bile, and is diuretic and lithontriptic. Its
-corrector is oxymel.</p>
-<p id="p437" class="par"><span class="parNum">437</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khuss</span> <span lang="ur">&#1582;&#1587;</span>, also
-<i>Oshe&egrave;re</i>.&mdash;In the hot weather it is used for cooling
-houses. It is cool, assists digestion; is astringent, and cures bilious
-disorders; also those of mucus and blood. It allays thirst, cures
-blisters and acne, general heat, dysuria, boils and eruptions; prolongs
-aphrodisia, and I have found it excellent as a cardiac and
-astringent.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="dal" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1583;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p438" class="par first"><span class="parNum">438</span>
-<span class="sc">Darhuld</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The wood
-of a tree called <i>Huld</i>. It is pungent and bitter; hot, dry, and
-useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood, in acne, seminal
-weakness, swellings of the body, marasmus, boils, eruptions, in
-affections of the eye, pain in the ear; is lithontriptic, and
-cicatrizes wounds.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, is the following:</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Darhuld</i> is a wood of a yellow color; if bruised
-with <i>Malageer</i>, mixed with honey, and taken, it will be found
-excellent in marasmus, and as an external application in the itch.</p>
-<p id="p439" class="par"><span class="parNum">439</span> <span class=
-"sc">Datoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1578;&#1608;&#1606;</span> also <i>Danth</i> or
-<i>Danti</i>, names for <i>Hubboos Salateen</i>. In Hinduee
-<i>Jamalgota</i>. &ldquo;<i>Croton Tiglium</i>, W.
-<i>Jayap&aacute;la</i>, S.&rdquo; It is bitter, pungent, and hot;
-promotes digestion; cures bilious affections, also foulness of the
-blood, disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, dropsy, and worms. It
-is violently purgative, and clears off the three secretions, but more
-especially mucus and black bile. It is not a safe medicine for weakly
-people, children, or the aged; but it is proper for those of strong
-constitutions, such as the Highlanders or country people, on whom
-weaker medicines have little effect. I have seen some of the hill
-people eat from 5 to 10 of the nuts without producing more than two or
-three motions, whereas the people of this city (Delhi) find half a nut
-as much as they can well bear. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb78"
-href="#pb78" name="pb78">78</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">The small green substance in the centre or heart of the
-nut, ought to be thrown aside, as it is poisonous. I have given this
-medicine very often with great good effect, and it is a general
-favorite with the physicians of Hindostan. In cholicks attended with
-vomiting, I have prescribed it with good effect.</p>
-<p id="p440" class="par"><span class="parNum">440</span> <span class=
-"sc">Daoodie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1572;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A common plant,
-about half a yard high, on which grows white and yellow flowers; it is
-hot and dry, and the smell of the flowers removes disorders from cold
-on the brain by heating it. The powder of the flowers, in the quantity
-of 6 mashas, with sugar, is lithontriptic, and in the quantity of 3
-mashas if it be boiled, and the decoction drank with sugar, it will
-also be found beneficial. If the flowers are boiled in oil, till the
-virtue be extracted, the oil will form an excellent external
-application in all affections arising from cold; a conserve of its
-flowers strengthens the stomach and the brain, and removes depression
-of spirits. The juice of the leaves is attenuating and suppurating.
-&ldquo;Marigold, <i>Chrysanthemum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p441" class="par"><span class="parNum">441</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dabeh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1576;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A kind of grass; useful
-in suppression of urine; is lithontriptic; cures disorders of bile,
-phlegm, and removes pains in the urinary bladder.</p>
-<p id="p442" class="par"><span class="parNum">442</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darum</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;The pomegranate of the
-hills. &ldquo;<i>Punica granatum</i>, W.&rdquo; It is very acid and
-astringent; it increases appetite and promotes digestion; is cardiac;
-decreases bile, removes depression of spirits, and the sweet kind
-decreases the 3 secretions.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;The bark of the root a cure for T&aelig;nia. Boil
-8oz. in 3lb. of water to a quart. Of this the patient takes a
-wine-glassful, and repeats it as the faintness will admit.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p443" class="par"><span class="parNum">443</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darmee Saar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1605;&#1609;
-&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The pomegranate seed. It cures
-disorders of bile. I have found its powder very useful in giving tone
-to the stomach and removing heated bile; it is also astringent. Mixed
-with medicines of a laxative nature, it is given in India on account of
-its tonic effects, and its preventing injury from other medicines.</p>
-<p id="p444" class="par"><span class="parNum">444</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darma</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1605;&#1575;</span> called also
-<i>Soombulkhar</i>, or rather it is a species of arsenic.</p>
-<p id="p445" class="par"><span class="parNum">445</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dakh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1603;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Cool, heavy,
-aperient; improves eye-sight; increases aphrodisia; removes fever,
-thirst, difficulty of breathing, affections <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb79" href="#pb79" name="pb79">79</a>]</span>of wind,
-bile, and blood, jaundice, dysuria, and heat of body. Its corrector is
-to be found in its acid, which cures mucous disorders and eruptions
-from vitiated bile, and the same effects will be produced by grapes
-without seeds. The hill grapes are acid, light, and useful in mucous
-disorders, but in some degree increase bile. Ungoor. The grape.</p>
-<p id="p446" class="par"><span class="parNum">446</span> <span class=
-"sc">Daad Murden</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1575;&#1583;&#1605;&#1585;&#1583;&#1606;</span><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e10189" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cassia
-Alata</i>, W.&rdquo; The expressed juice of the leaves, mixed with
-salt, used for the cure of ring-worm.</p>
-<p id="p447" class="par"><span class="parNum">447</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dooparia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1662;&#1729;&#1585;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pentapetes
-Ph&aelig;nicia.</i>&rdquo; The name of a common flower, of a rose
-color, and white, and flowers at noon. It is light, astringent, and
-cures disorders of mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p448" class="par"><span class="parNum">448</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dutchina Virna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1670;&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;&#1575;
-&#1608;&#1585;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Bitter and heavy in digestion; dry,
-and increasing wind; cures cough, boils, eruptions, disorders of bile,
-and affections of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p449" class="par"><span class="parNum">449</span> <span class=
-"sc">Durba</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1585;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Doob</i>,
-called also <i>Shittb&uacute;ra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p450" class="par"><span class="parNum">450</span> <span class=
-"sc">Durbhur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1585;&#1576;&#1607;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Lawa</i>. Vide L.</p>
-<p id="p451" class="par"><span class="parNum">451</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dusmool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1587;&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A mixture of
-both kinds of <i>Punj&egrave;mo&ograve;l</i>; it increases appetite;
-cures disorders of bile, mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough;
-decreases perspiration; removes morbid inclination to sleep, also
-fever, flatulence, pains in the bowels, and pleuritic affections.</p>
-<p id="p452" class="par"><span class="parNum">452</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dukdoka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1603;&#1583;&#1608;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Do&ograve;dh&egrave;e</i>.</p>
-<p id="p453" class="par"><span class="parNum">453</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dumna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1605;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Murzunjoosh</i>, called also <i>Dawna</i>; its leaves have a finer
-smell than the flower, and are very numerous. It is an antidote to
-poisons; useful in disorders of the blood and the three secretions,
-Juzam, nausea, and watery itch. Its properties are hot, and it is
-hurtful to those of the like temperament. Its smell causes dryness of
-the brain. The wild <i>Dawna</i> is the most powerful.</p>
-<p id="p454" class="par"><span class="parNum">454</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dundundana</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1606;&#1583;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1606;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-shrub about a yard high; its leaves like those of the <i>Baer</i>. It
-is a trefoil, and in the centre of the three leaves there is a capsule,
-which when ripe breaks and discharges the seed; it is of a whitish
-brown color, some more white than others; its seed resembles those of
-the safflower, but is longer and more broad. It is used as an
-ingredient in the first medicine given to a child at its birth to clear
-its bowels. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb80" href="#pb80" name=
-"pb80">80</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p455" class="par"><span class="parNum">455</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doon</span> <span lang="ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1606;</span> also
-<i>Shittb&aacute;ra</i>.&mdash;The latter is white and cool; cures
-acne, disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst, and general heat.
-&ldquo;<i>Poa Cynosuroides.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p456" class="par"><span class="parNum">456</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodhee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1583;&#1607;&#1609;</span> called also
-<i>Dukd&ograve;ka</i>.&mdash;A grass of two kinds. The first kind does
-not rise from the ground; its leaves green; its fibres very small. The
-leaves like the <i>Til</i>. If the branch is broken, a white juice
-exudes like milk; from this it has derived its name; it grows about a
-span in diameter. The second kind has red branches, and is much about
-the size of the other; the first is the hottest and best. It is dry,
-heavy, and aphrodisiac; cures affections of wind and mucus, also Juzam
-and worms. It is flatulent; and a third kind of it called <i>Mydha
-Se&egrave;ngie</i>; also a fourth <i>Jh&egrave;nawurha</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">From the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Doodhee</i> is of three kinds: The first large,
-called <i>Meendha doodee</i>; its tree like the <i>Bael</i>; its fruit
-like the <i>Aak</i>, and like it too, there is a cottony substance
-contained in it. Its flowers are white, and milk exudes from its broken
-branches. If the cottony substance be applied to the piles, and the
-patient seated over a hot place, that the cotton become well heated, it
-will cure the complaint. Its leaves are like the <i>Paan</i>. The
-second kind is very small, and remains spread on the ground; its
-branches are red, and its leaves thin; it is beneficial in
-gonorrh&oelig;a and in ulcers of the urethra. If it is bruised and
-eaten for a year, in the quantity that can be held in the palm of the
-hand, it will be aphrodisiac, increase the secretion of semen, make the
-hair black, and preserve the eyesight. The 3rd kind grows to the height
-of 7 or 8 inches, and is useful in seminal weakness and diabetes. If 9
-mashas be taken with sugar, it will be useful in remedying a too
-hurried seminal evacuation and heartburns. The second kind is cool and
-dry. &ldquo;<i>Euphorbia hirta.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p457" class="par"><span class="parNum">457</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Hubb-ul-neel</i>. A purgative seed, beneficial in affections of
-bile, mucus, piles, worms in the belly and rectum, in badgola, and is
-an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p458" class="par"><span class="parNum">458</span> <span class=
-"sc">Do&oacute;dputeya</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1583;&#1662;&#1578;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Chirkakolie</i>, another kind of which is called
-<i>Kakolie</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb81" href="#pb81" name=
-"pb81">81</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p459" class="par"><span class="parNum">459</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1608;&#1583;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Doorie</i>; cures superabundance of wind, mucus, phlegm, piles,
-worms, Badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p460" class="par"><span class="parNum">460</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhamin</span> or <span class="sc">Dhunoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1606;&#1608;&#1606;
-&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1605;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A prickly tree,
-astringent and light, and useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, blood,
-and in cough.</p>
-<p id="p461" class="par"><span class="parNum">461</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhunjawasa</span> <span lang="ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1606;
-&#1580;&#1608;&#1575;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>J&aacute;w&aacute;ss&aacute;</i>; its properties the same.</p>
-<p id="p462" class="par"><span class="parNum">462</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhadahwun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a tree, useful in disorders of phlegm, wind, poisons, Juzam,
-piles, and <i>Sunpat</i>. <i>Sunpat</i> is a disease consisting of loss
-of sensation and universal chilliness and numbness.</p>
-<p id="p463" class="par"><span class="parNum">463</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhaw</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Grislea
-Tomentosa</i>, Roxb. <i>Lythrum Fructicosum</i>, Linn.&rdquo; A prickly
-shrub, cool and useful in bilious disorders, mucus, piles, marasmus,
-&amp;c.</p>
-<p id="p464" class="par"><span class="parNum">464</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhawa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A tree, the
-flowers of which are generally known; it is also called <i>Dhatki</i>,
-bitter, pungent, astringent, cool, light, and curing laxities of the
-bowels; useful in disorders of bile and blood, and is an antidote to
-poison; is vermifuge, beneficial in acne, and is a little intoxicating;
-it is also recommended in prolapsus ani, menorrhagia, and
-h&aelig;morrhoides; it is said to be equal in its properties.</p>
-<p id="p465" class="par"><span class="parNum">465</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhatura</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Datura
-Metel.</i> W. <i>Datura Stramonium</i>.&rdquo; A plant about a yard
-high, more or less. It has numerous branches, like the <i>Benghen</i>
-plant; it grows wild, and is also cultivated; its leaves are like those
-of the <i>Abassie</i>; its seed vessel like the walnut, or rather
-larger; it has small prickles on its surface, and is filled with seeds.
-There are several kinds of it. One has a black flower, and also a
-blackish seed vessel: another is white; the first is seldom met with,
-and is the strongest of any; the flower is of the shape of the
-<i>Toorhee</i>, (a wind instrument, a trumpet.) It is hot, heavy, and
-promotes appetite, but produces vomiting; useful in disorders of
-phlegm, poison, itch, worms, and nausea; clears the complexion, cures
-fevers, Juzam, boils, and eruptions, as also many other disorders. It
-is a very active poison; its corrector is cotton, leaf for leaf, seed
-for seed, flower for flower; its nut is to be chosen in preference for
-medical <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb82" href="#pb82" name=
-"pb82">82</a>]</span>use. If the root of the black <i>Dhatura</i> be
-kept in the house, it will be productive of both good luck and a good
-name; if it be dried in the shade, and taken in conjee to the quantity
-of 9 mashas, all white hair will fall from the head and black hair grow
-in its place. If the root be dried and pounded to the quantity of 160
-direms, and mixed with 80 direms of cow&rsquo;s ghee, and placing it on
-the fire in a new vessel, form it into the consistence of sweetmeats,
-then tying up the mouth of the vessel close, place it for 40 days among
-paddy, at the expiration of which time, let the person bathe and give
-alms to the poor; and let him take out the preparation, and eat as much
-as he can take up between two fingers, daily for 40 days, fasting; and
-nothing used as food except rice and milk, abstaining from all acids;
-lost strength will be restored, youth renovated, the hair never will
-become white, and it will prove aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p class="par">If the black <i>Dhatura</i> be bruised and mixed with
-goat&rsquo;s milk and sugar, and boiled, it will cure barrenness in
-women.</p>
-<p class="par">If the flowers of the black <i>Dhatura</i> be bruised,
-mixed with honey or cow&rsquo;s ghee, and a little of your own blood
-added, and this used as a <i>Tilak</i>, or ornament on the forehead
-betwixt the eyes, whoever sees it will become your slave, be it man or
-woman. If a woman so uses it, her husband will never forsake her!!</p>
-<p id="p466" class="par"><span class="parNum">466</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhunia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1606;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Coriandrum
-Sativum</i>, W. <i>Dhanyaca</i>, S.&rdquo; Astringent, during digestion
-sweet, cool, dry, and moist in an equal degree; light, diuretic,
-carminative, and cardiac; increases appetite, cures disorders of wind,
-bile, phlegm, and blood. It is vermifuge, and useful in difficulty of
-breathing, cough, thirst, and piles; it lessens the seminal
-secretion.</p>
-<p id="p467" class="par"><span class="parNum">467</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhak</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Palass</i>, &ldquo;<i>Butea Frondosa</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p468" class="par"><span class="parNum">468</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dholkudum</span> <span lang="ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1583;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Cudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p469" class="par"><span class="parNum">469</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhumaha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1605;&#1575;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-creeping plant, growing near the water, covered with thorns like the
-<i>Jawassa</i>, extending even to its flowers. It is small and green
-before it flowers, like the nightshade. In the <i>Dhuntori</i>, it is
-said to be pungent and astringent, useful in vertigo, chronic fever,
-and disorders from poison. In dropsy, vomiting, seminal weakness, and
-delirium, it is beneficial. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb83" href=
-"#pb83" name="pb83">83</a>]</span>I have given it with those medicines
-which clear the blood, and I have found its effects to be like the
-<i>Jawassa</i>, some indeed call it a variety of this. It is said to be
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree, others have called it equal. Heated,
-bruised, and applied to indolent tumours, it will be of use.</p>
-<p id="p470" class="par"><span class="parNum">470</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhaie.</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Increases the three
-secretions; it is called by the physicians of India hot and moist, that
-of the cow is the best. It is astringent in its effects, restrains
-hemorrhage from piles, and the following R. is known by experience to
-be excellent.</p>
-<p class="par">Take &frac12; a pow (4 ounces) of dhai&eacute;,
-4&frac12; mashas of moist rice, fried in the husk (Lahie), 2 mashas of
-dried ginger; stir the dhaie well till it becomes thin, add a little
-water, and then add to it the fried rice, bruise and pound the ginger,
-and sprinkle it in. This must be ate daily for a week, when it will so
-effectually stop the bleeding from piles, that it will not return.</p>
-<p id="p471" class="par"><span class="parNum">471</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhanqie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Dhaoie</i>; cool and of a bitter taste; light, allays thirst, is
-astringent, vermifuge, and antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p472" class="par"><span class="parNum">472</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhawnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1572;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Perishtpirnee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p473" class="par"><span class="parNum">473</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dheerukmola</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1705;
-&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Saalpurnie</i>, deriving its name from the large size of its
-root.</p>
-<p id="p474" class="par"><span class="parNum">474</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhendus</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1607;&#1606;&#1583;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;It resembles the
-<i>Quince</i>, with a green rind; the people of India eat it, dressed
-with and without meat; it is preferable to the <i>cuddoo</i>; cool,
-beneficial in bilious disorders, and quick of digestion.</p>
-<p id="p475" class="par"><span class="parNum">475</span> <span class=
-"sc">Deodar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1610;&#1608;&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;</span> called also
-<i>D&eacute;odarie</i>. The name of a tree; the wood of which bears the
-same name; it is resinous; hot and beneficial in wind, phlegm,
-costiveness, piles, and fever. &ldquo;The Fir tree.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p476" class="par"><span class="parNum">476</span> <span class=
-"sc">Deomun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1583;&#1610;&#1608;&#1605;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Mahumeed</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="reh" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1585;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p477" class="par first"><span class="parNum">477</span>
-<span class="sc">Raab</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;Treacle; it is heavy;
-strengthens the system; is diuretic; increases perspiration, and the
-three secretions.</p>
-<p id="p478" class="par"><span class="parNum">478</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raje Umber</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;
-&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A fruit of India; sweet,
-cool, astringent, and useful in disorders of mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p479" class="par"><span class="parNum">479</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rassun.</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Commonly called
-<i>Raisun</i> or <i>Rowasun</i>; a tree about the size of a <i>Baer</i>
-tree, or larger; it is a weak biennial plant, but grows rapidly when
-transplanted. Its leaves grow on both sides of a centre stem, like the
-Tamarind, and it is rather longer: the tree grows straight from the
-root. The <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb84" href="#pb84" name=
-"pb84">84</a>]</span>author of the <i>Topha</i> has described it as a
-root, and says that the people of India call different medicines by the
-former names, but they are both the same, and it is the common kind
-that I have described. Its pod is like the <i>Lobeia</i> (bean.) The
-flower is outside yellow and inside red, with a tinge of yellow. Its
-leaves contract in the night and unfold in the morning. Some have
-called it sweet and cool, and have described many varieties of it,
-white, yellow, red, and grey; but I fancy the difference is merely
-confined to the color of the flowers; some have said that it diminishes
-strength. Its flowers are peculiarly beautiful. If its leaves are
-bruised and applied moist to swellings, it either resolves the tumour
-or hastens suppuration; it is bitter and heavy, cures disorders of wind
-and mucus, swellings of the body, difficulty of breathing, eruptions
-from suffusion of bile, itchiness in the stomach, dropsy, and increases
-the powers of digestion.</p>
-<p id="p480" class="par"><span class="parNum">480</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajejakha</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;
-&#1580;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;</span>. A medicine of India; astringent to
-the taste; dry, heavy, and astringent in its effects; increases wind
-and f&oelig;cal evacuation; decreases appetite, and adds to the
-secretion of milk.</p>
-<p id="p481" class="par"><span class="parNum">481</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajehuns</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;
-&#1607;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Purse&aacute;washan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p482" class="par"><span class="parNum">482</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e10775" title="Not in source">&ldquo;</span><i>Sinapis Ramosa</i>,
-Roxb. sp. ch. Annual, erect, ramous siliques expanding, linear,
-vertically compressed, smooth; leaves petioled, lower lyred; superior,
-sublanceolate, (Roxb. MS.) Murray II. 398, Woodville III. 409.&rdquo;
-Cool, bitter, hot, and dry; beneficial in mucous disorders, itch, and
-Juzam; is vermifuge, stomachic, and increases diffusion of bile. A.
-<i>Khirdul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p483" class="par"><span class="parNum">483</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raang</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;<i>Stannum</i>,
-<i>Tagarum</i>, Tam. Hot, dry, light, and soft; strengthens the eyes;
-is vermifuge; useful in marasmus, difficulty of breathing, and a
-deficiency of bile. A. <i>Rusas</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus described:
-<i>Raang</i> is called in P. <i>Kaley</i>; cool in the 2nd degree, and
-moist in the 1st degree. Calcined, it is slightly cool and dry. If a
-piece of this <i>Kaley</i> be put into a pot with meat, you may boil it
-as long as you please, but the meat will not be properly boiled. The
-<i>Kaley</i> for internal use is calcined, the dose from one to two
-soorkh.</p>
-<p class="par">483 <span class="sc">Raal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Bitter and astringent; cool,
-heavy, and inducing costiveness, cures Deojur, acne, boils, eruptions,
-fever, and cracks <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb85" href="#pb85"
-name="pb85">85</a>]</span>in the thickened cuticle of the feet; and it
-lessens perspiration. A. <i>Kaar</i>, also <i>Kikahur</i>. It is said
-also, that if put into a pipe with tobacco, and one whiff taken the 1st
-day, two the second, three the third, and so on, it will be found very
-useful in ulceration of the lungs. <i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p id="p484" class="par"><span class="parNum">484</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ramputtrie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1605;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrubad.</i>&rdquo;
-An Indian flower which I have not seen, but which I understand to be
-like the rose; its properties are, that if it is well rubbed with
-mercury, it will kill it, and both united form a black mass. More of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e10854" title="Source: it sproperties">its
-properties</span> I know not.</p>
-<p id="p485" class="par"><span class="parNum">485</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajeneemboophile</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;
-&#1606;&#1610;&#1608;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The sweet
-lime; it is heavy, and useful in bilious disorders and wind. In my
-opinion it is a cool cardiac, and decreases heat and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p486" class="par"><span class="parNum">486</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raibele</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1609;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bael</i>. The wild
-kind is called, <i>Kynd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p487" class="par"><span class="parNum">487</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rashna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Bitter and slow
-of digestion; cures cough, wind, disorders of blood, and is an antidote
-to poison, dropsy, and mucus, and it promotes digestion. Its leaves,
-root, and branches are used in medicine.</p>
-<p id="p488" class="par"><span class="parNum">488</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajdooree</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1609;
-&#1583;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Jewuntee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p489" class="par"><span class="parNum">489</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raje Ummur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;
-&#1575;&#1605;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Umbarie Burrur</i>.
-It is cool, sweet, and astringent, cures some affections of the mouth
-and phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p490" class="par"><span class="parNum">490</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rasie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Rudd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p491" class="par"><span class="parNum">491</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruttunjooth</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1578;&#1606;
-&#1580;&#1608;&#1578;&#1577;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e10942"
-title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A medicine of India. Its leaves
-are green, and its branches red and yellow; if its branches be bruised
-in sweet oil, and applied to the head, it will cure <i>Tinea
-Capitis</i>. Its name is also <i>Abookhoolsa</i>. P. <i>Cheojoora</i>.
-It is a native of the hills; it is also said to relieve weakness of
-sight by causing a copious flow of tears, when externally applied.</p>
-<p id="p492" class="par"><span class="parNum">492</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rattaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span> also <i>Runtaloo</i>. A
-culinary root, common in India; sweet and pleasant to the taste, cool
-and slow of digestion; removes oppression on the spirits, bile, and
-general heat. It increases semen, strengthens the system, and adds to
-the bulk of the solids. &ldquo;<i>Dioscorea.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p493" class="par"><span class="parNum">493</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruttun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1578;&#1606;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e10980"
-title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name of
-<i>J&aacute;w&aacute;her</i>. <i>Ruttun</i> (the word) used by itself
-means <i>Almass</i>; but all compounds obtain the name of
-<i>Jaw&agrave;her</i>; it possesses all the six properties.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb86" href="#pb86" name=
-"pb86">86</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p494" class="par"><span class="parNum">494</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rudd</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name of
-<i>Rassie</i>. It is cool and heavy; strengthens the body; removes
-disorders of wind and mucus, increases semen, and during digestion is
-pungent and sweet.</p>
-<p id="p495" class="par"><span class="parNum">495</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roodwunti</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1583;&#1608;&#1606;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-plant very generally useful.</p>
-<p class="par">When the <i>Pookhnichittur</i> shall happen on a Sunday,
-take the root, leaves, flowers, and branches, taking care that your
-shadow does not reach them; leave them five nights in the dew, and then
-dry them in the shade. Four mashas ate with sugar and honey daily, will
-be found aphrodisiac. If it be washed for 21 days in the juice of the
-<i>plantain</i> tree, then bruised and washed in the juice of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e11029" title="Source: he">the</span>
-<i>Moondie</i>, sugar taken and boiled in the juice of the plantain
-tree, and a little of the <i>Roodwunti</i> added to it, then adding
-cloves and cardamoms one tolah each, musk and camphor each 1/2 tolah,
-and the whole made up into balls of a tolah each, and one eaten daily
-in boiled milk, it will be found aphrodisiac. If it is taken simply,
-mixed with sugar, it will have an aphrodisiac property.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another account.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Of the <i>Roodwunti</i> there are four kinds, black,
-white, red, and yellow, male and female; the female is distinguished by
-some of its leaves dropping water. It grows in a moist or watery soil,
-near Gwallior; it is green, and its leaves and branches resemble gram.
-The leaves of the male kind are said to transmute metals, and are
-considered very valuable on that account. If one part of this, half a
-part of <i>Tirphilla</i>, one-fourth part of <i>Tircoota</i>, and the
-bulk of the whole of sugar be bruised and sifted, and as much ate with
-cow&rsquo;s milk, as may be held in the palm of the hand, it will cure
-all disorders to which the human frame is subject, and transmute old
-age into youth. <i>Maadentezerrubad</i><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11055" title="Not in source">.</span></p>
-<p class="par">If the leaves are rubbed on silver, and that put into
-the fire, it will become yellow; if the leaves are thrown into melted
-tin, it will assume the appearance of gold. If mercury be put into the
-juice of its leaves and well stirred about, then boiled in milk or
-vinegar, it will become yellow. If the green leaves be dried, pounded,
-and taken to the quantity of 9 masha for 14 days, the hair will never
-become white. If one direm of this and 14 direms of honey, with 10
-direms of cow&rsquo;s ghee, be well stirred up together and taken every
-morning, the body will become strengthened, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb87" href="#pb87" name="pb87">87</a>]</span>and the
-hair remain black. Two direms ate with sugar, will increase appetite,
-and cure seminal weakness and pains in the bowels. If its leaves are
-used as a cephalic, it will remove the effects of poisons. Some call it
-<i>Roowunti</i>; it is hot and dry.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">495<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11068" title="Not in source">&prime;</span></span> <span class=
-"sc">Roodraz</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1583;&#1585;&#1575;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;Commonly
-used in India for making beads which are much esteemed. It is bitter,
-pungent, hot, and vermifuge; rectifies an overflow of blood or a
-suffusion of bile in the blood; cures mucous affections and head-aches.
-Is useful in disorders of children, and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p496" class="par"><span class="parNum">496</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruswut</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1587;&#1608;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;An extract from
-the root of the <i>Amomum Anthorhizum</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; Bitter and
-pungent; hot; beneficial in mucous disorders, affections of the mouth,
-eyes, boils, and eruptions. In A. <i>Huzzood</i>. &ldquo;Mixed with
-equal parts of alum and opium, rubbed up together with a little water,
-it is perhaps the best application in ophthalmia ever used, applied all
-round the eye.&rdquo; <i>Trans.</i></p>
-<p id="p497" class="par"><span class="parNum">497</span> <span class=
-"sc">Russ</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;In P.
-called <i>Sheera</i>. When written singly, it means the juice of the
-sugar-cane. It is moist, aperient, and promotes digestion, and removes
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p498" class="par"><span class="parNum">498</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rusunjeen</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1587;&#1606;
-&#1580;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Ruswut</i>.</p>
-<p id="p499" class="par"><span class="parNum">499</span> <span class=
-"sc">Russ Kapoor</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1587;
-&#1603;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;An oximuriate of
-mercury.&rdquo; A medicine of India, resembling the Sumbulkhar; hot and
-dry in the 3rd degree. It is a poison, but is very useful in Lues
-Venerea; it affects the gums, loosens the teeth, and debilitates the
-stomach. Its corrector is milk and butter; its succedan is
-<i>Darsh&eacute;kina</i>: the dose one <i>soorkh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p500" class="par"><span class="parNum">500</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rekhbuk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1603;&#1576;&#1603;</span>
-or <i>Rekhbukh</i>, or <i>Rekhba</i>. The title given to any medicine
-that promotes digestion. It is cool, strengthens the system, increases
-semen and mucus, cures disorders of bile and blood, heat at stomach,
-emaciation, wind, and hectic fever; it increases mucus.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">501</span> <span class=
-"sc">Recktaal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Rukitkund</i>, a kind of <i>P&eacute;ndaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p502" class="par"><span class="parNum">502</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruckitchunden</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1603;&#1578;
-&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1606;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e11180"
-title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span><i>Pterocarpus Santalinus</i>, W.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Racta Chundana</i>, San. A name for real Sanders
-wood. Sweet, bitter, cool, heavy; it strengthens eye-sight, induces
-costiveness; creates nausea, cures thirst, disorders of the blood,
-bile, fevers, and boils or other eruptions. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb88" href="#pb88" name="pb88">88</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p503" class="par"><span class="parNum">503</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rukitsal</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1603;&#1578;
-&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e11199" title=
-"Source: ">.&mdash;</span>Red rice. A kind of <i>Santi</i>; it is light
-and is very beneficial; increases strength, clears the complexion,
-removes disorders of the three secretions; is diuretic, clears the
-voice, increases semen and wind, and removes general heat.</p>
-<p id="p504" class="par"><span class="parNum">504</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rukitphoop</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1603;&#1578;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1662;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e11214"
-title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span>A variety of the <i>Kana&eacute;r</i>;
-some say it is a kind of the <i>Biscopra</i>; it is called by both
-names.</p>
-<p id="p505" class="par"><span class="parNum">505</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rungni</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1606;&#1711;&#1606;&#1609;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11232" title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span>Pungent and hot; destroys
-appetite; cures cough, asthma, mucus, and fever from mucus and wind.
-The white <i>Rungni</i> is pungent and hot; increases eye-sight;
-consolidates (amalgamates) mercury; promotes appetite, loosens phlegm
-and wind.</p>
-<p id="p506" class="par"><span class="parNum">506</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rungtirra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1606;&#1711;&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e11247" title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span>Called also
-<i>Sungtirra</i>. It derives its name from the Emperor <i>Allam
-Gheer</i> the 2nd, because he used it as a medicine; and because no
-name of a stone can ever be mentioned in the presence of the Emperor,
-instead of <i>Sungtirra</i> it was therefore called
-<i>Rungtirra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p507" class="par"><span class="parNum">507</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rawasun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1608;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;</span><span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e11272" title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span>A name of
-<i>Rasun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p508" class="par"><span class="parNum">508</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rohoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1608;</span>.<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11288" title="Source: ">&mdash;</span>A name for <i>Shobooth</i>.
-It is slightly astringent, and in a small degree increases bile; also
-gives general strength. I have found it beneficial as an aphrodisiac in
-strengthening the system and increasing semen; but I have observed that
-if it does not digest easily it weakens the stomach and produces much
-mucus; its corrector is ginger, honey, or other medicines of a hot and
-dry quality.</p>
-<p id="p509" class="par"><span class="parNum">509</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roohus</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e11301" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;&#1606;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;</span></span>.<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11305" title="Source: ">&mdash;</span>Vide <i>Kundhul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p510" class="par"><span class="parNum">510</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roopa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1662;&#1575;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e11320" title="Source: ">.&mdash;</span>Called also <i>Roopuk</i>.
-(Silver.) Astringent, moist, cool, aperient, cardiac, and stomachic. It
-augments the strength of youth, and preserves meat from becoming
-putrid; decreases fat, strengthens the brain and bones, and thickens
-semen, decreases corpulency, and cures disorders of wind and bile. It
-forms an ingredient in all famous recipes. Its calx is called
-<i>Roopruss</i>, and it is more powerful than any other. <i>Ranga</i>
-resembled it in its properties, also <i>Gold</i>.</p>
-<p id="p511" class="par"><span class="parNum">511</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rooi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;When very old, if stuffed into
-the nose, it promotes the discharge of every thing offensive from the
-brain. It also cures disorders in the head, the consequence of
-indigestion, as also hemicrania. A. <i>Kotun</i> (Cotton.) <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb89" href="#pb89" name="pb89">89</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p512" class="par"><span class="parNum">512</span> <span class=
-"sc">Romus</span> <span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1605;&#1587;</span>
-or <i>Mudwal</i>. A name of <i>Bindaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p513" class="par"><span class="parNum">513</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rohni</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Of two kinds,
-both astringent and cool; beneficial in worms in the stomach, and
-affections of the throat, which it also clears.</p>
-<p id="p514" class="par"><span class="parNum">514</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roheera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine of India; laxative; useful in wind, Badgola, affections of the
-liver and spleen, and in dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p515" class="par"><span class="parNum">515</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rahusphill</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e11394" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1587; &#1662;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;">
-<span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span></span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Mowa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p516" class="par"><span class="parNum">516</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reewudj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1608;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;The name of a shrub,
-cool and useful in suppression of urine, general heat, disorders of the
-three secretions, and blood; its tree is astringent and hot; cures
-disorders of the mouth, and is an antidote to poisons; it is vermifuge,
-cures itches, boils, and wounds, and disorders of the blood and mucus.
-It prevents the effects of evil-eyes, or demoniacal possession.</p>
-<p id="p517" class="par"><span class="parNum">517</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reech</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;The Bear. Its taste is sweet,
-cool, and heavy; it is aphrodisiac, and removes affections from wind.
-P. <i>Khirs</i>.</p>
-<p id="p518" class="par"><span class="parNum">518</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reenga</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the
-<i>Sumhaloo</i>; produces appetite, clears the uterus after
-parturition; increases knowledge and bile.</p>
-<p id="p519" class="par"><span class="parNum">519</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reetha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1578;&#1729;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sapindus
-Saponaria.</i> The soap-nut, soap-wort.&rdquo; Hot, and useful in
-disorders of the three secretions, and in blood. This however does not
-coincide with the result of my experience, but I have found it useful
-in cases of hemicrania, as a cephalic used in the opposite nostril:
-prevents demoniacal possession. A. <i>Bunduck Hindui</i>.</p>
-<p id="p520" class="par"><span class="parNum">520</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rewind</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1610;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Rheum
-Palmatum.</i> Rhubarb.&rdquo; Laxative, stomachic, and astringent; and
-if taken after meals with rose water, it promotes digestion and
-strengthens the bowels. It removes mucus from the pylorus.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="zain" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1586;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p521" class="par first"><span class="parNum">521</span>
-<span class="sc">Zeera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cuminum
-Cyminum</i>, W. <i>Jiraca</i>, S. Cumin seed.&rdquo; Hot and dry;
-light, stomachic, astringent; increases knowledge, clears the uterus;
-and of use in disorders of that viscus; it relieves flatulence,
-Badgola, and vomiting.</p>
-<p id="p522" class="par"><span class="parNum">522</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zeerki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1610;&#1585;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Zuerishk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p523" class="par"><span class="parNum">523</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zachmeheath</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e11506" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1586;&#1610;&#1670;&#1577;&#1605;&#1610;&#1729;&#1578;&#1609;">
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1582;&#1605;&#1610;&#1729;&#1610;&#1575;&#1578;</span></span>.&mdash;A
-small shrub, growing close on the ground, covering it with its foliage;
-it is found by the side of fields of water; it is of two kinds, the
-leaf of one small and thin, those of the other broad and thick. The
-first kind is excellent in the cure of piles: thus, dried in the shade,
-pounded, sifted, and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb90" href="#pb90"
-name="pb90">90</a>]</span>taken every morning in the quantity of a
-palmful with water, for fourteen days; and every night at bed-time,
-taking 12 mashas of K&uacute;nd Sia, and during its use abstaining from
-all acids, or other things, which may produce wind.</p>
-<p id="p524" class="par"><span class="parNum">524</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zerki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1585;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name of pepper,
-called also <i>K&aacute;la Dana</i>.</p>
-<p id="p525" class="par"><span class="parNum">525</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zumiekund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1605;&#1610;&#1602;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Soor&uacute;n</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="seen" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1587;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p526" class="par first"><span class="parNum">526</span>
-<span class="sc">Sanbir</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Sembile</i>.</p>
-<p id="p527" class="par"><span class="parNum">527</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saarba</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-India, of two kinds, both sweet, moist, and heavy; produces semen, and
-is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind, bile, mucus, menorrhagia, and
-colliquative diarrh&oelig;a in fever.</p>
-<p id="p528" class="par"><span class="parNum">528</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saramill</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e11572" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1587;&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;">
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;</span></span> or
-<i>Sarumluk</i>, or <i>Saral</i>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Dara
-Shekoi</i> has described this as a medicine of India, and in other
-works that I have consulted, it is called <i>Sangterra</i>. In taste it
-is astringent, and heavy; beneficial in disorders of wind; and
-increases mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p529" class="par"><span class="parNum">529</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saluk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1705;</span> or
-<i>Salook</i>.&mdash;A flower, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p530" class="par"><span class="parNum">530</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sagown</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;</span> or <i>Saag</i>.&mdash;A
-tree of the hills of Hindostan: the upper surface of the leaves is hard
-and raised like a file. Some say that this is the <i>Pheelgosh</i>
-(Elephant&rsquo;s ear), from its resemblance to the ear of the
-Elephant; it is cool, and useful in disorders of wind and blood.
-&ldquo;<i>Tectona grandis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p531" class="par"><span class="parNum">531</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saalpernie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Saloom</i>.&mdash;A medicine of India; heavy, cures fever,
-difficulty of breathing, and disorders of wind, bile, and mucus; it
-produces nausea, restrains diarrh&oelig;a, beneficial in dryness of the
-seven <i>dhats</i>, strengthens the system, is aphrodisiac, and forms
-an ingredient in all the favorite formul&aelig;. In the Dhunterri it is
-written, that in its taste it is pungent; having small and green
-leaves, the seed-vessel about an inch long, seed small and numerous;
-curing chronic fevers, seminal weakness, and swelling of the body. It
-is said to be hot. &ldquo;<i>Hedysarum Gangeticum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p532" class="par"><span class="parNum">532</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saalie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A tree of the hills, of
-which elephants are very fond, and which soon brings them into good
-condition. It cures boils and eruptions, disorders of blood and mucus,
-and restrains diarrh&oelig;a. Its branches quickly take root by being
-planted, and when used as posts for the support of a roof, it quickly
-covers the whole with its foliage. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb91"
-href="#pb91" name="pb91">91</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p533" class="par"><span class="parNum">533</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saaltie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Commonly called
-<i>Kaphoor Kutcherie</i>; cool light, astringent; promotes digestion,
-cures cough and disorders of the blood. A species of <i>Kachoor</i>,
-having a pleasant smell like Camphor.</p>
-<p id="p534" class="par"><span class="parNum">534</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saaje</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1580;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Serje</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p535" class="par"><span class="parNum">535</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sawang</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1608;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A
-culinary grain, used by the villagers; it is smaller than the
-<i>Badjera</i>, is smooth and pointed; it grows also wild, of a smaller
-size. It is cool and dry; useful in bilious disorders and mucus, and
-dries the seven <i>d&rsquo;hats</i>.</p>
-<p id="p536" class="par"><span class="parNum">536</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e11702" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Saale">Saal</span></span> <span class="corr"
-id="xd24e11705" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;</span></span>.&mdash;Sweet to the taste and
-pungently sweet in digestion; cool, light, astringent; cures disorders
-of wind, bile, and mucus, and preserves the health. There are other
-kinds of this, but this is the one to be preferred. One kind is red,
-called <i>Rakitsal</i>; it is nearly of the same nature, (a kind of
-rice).</p>
-<p id="p537" class="par"><span class="parNum">537</span> <span class=
-"sc">Salamookh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;&#1605;&#1603;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of rice like the former.</p>
-<p id="p538" class="par"><span class="parNum">538</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saro</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;(<i>Myna</i>). Its meat
-is dry and moist in equal degrees; increases knowledge and appetite,
-strengthens the system, removes laxities of the bowels, useful in
-bruises and hurts, relieves cough, lessens mucus and hectic fever; it
-is called Sawur, and in A. <i>Zerzore</i>, P. <i>Sharug</i>.</p>
-<p id="p539" class="par"><span class="parNum">539</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sabur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A kind of deer, whose
-skin is used in covering sheaths for swords, and by the lower classes
-and hunters as lining for their clothes. Its meat is sweet; in
-digestion it is cool, moist, and heavy; increases mucus, and cures
-disorders from diffusion of bile.</p>
-<p id="p540" class="par"><span class="parNum">540</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sarass</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A species of heron,
-&ldquo;<i>Ardea Antigone</i>.&rdquo; A large bird, with a long neck and
-legs, of a lead color; the male lives always with his mate. Its flesh
-is cool, moist, and heavy; strengthens the system, decreases urine and
-f&aelig;ces, cures disorders of wind, blood and bile.</p>
-<p id="p541" class="par"><span class="parNum">541</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saamp</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1605;&#1662;</span>.&mdash;The Snake. Its meat is
-moist and heavy, is vermifuge, and kills worms in the rectum; increases
-knowledge, strengthens the system. If the old skin when shed be bruised
-and applied to the eyes, it increases the strength of vision; and if
-burnt, and its ashes rubbed on parts where no hair grows, it will
-reproduce it. Snakes avoid its smell when burning, and if the whole
-skin be tied round the thigh of a woman in labor, it will facilitate
-the process. P. <i>Mar</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb92" href=
-"#pb92" name="pb92">92</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p542" class="par"><span class="parNum">542</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The name of a common tree, the
-wood of which is generally useful. It is cool and astringent; cures
-disorders of wind, mucus, poisons, boils, eruptions, and is beneficial
-in burns. A. <i>Saage</i>.</p>
-<p id="p543" class="par"><span class="parNum">543</span> <span class=
-"sc">Satoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1578;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Chitoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p544" class="par"><span class="parNum">544</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sip Kullie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1662;&#1603;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The Lizard. A.
-<i>Saamaberus</i>, P. <i>Chillpus&aelig;</i>. It does not frequent
-those places where saffron is kept. If split open and applied to a part
-where a thorn or arrow may have entered deep, it will effect its
-extraction by suction.</p>
-<p id="p545" class="par"><span class="parNum">545</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soopearee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1662;&#1610;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Areca
-Catechu.</i>&rdquo; Astringent, cool, dry, and heavy; cures disorders
-of mucus and bile, increases appetite; removes bad taste in the mouth;
-when fresh it is very heavy and produces flatulence; is diaphoretic;
-injures appetite and eyesight, and causes a prolonged retention of
-semen.</p>
-<p id="p546" class="par"><span class="parNum">546</span> <span class=
-"sc">Subskun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1576;&#1586;&#1602;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Baraikund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p547" class="par"><span class="parNum">547</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutarie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The juice of the
-<i>Soopearee</i> tree; it strengthens the teeth and stomach, contracts
-the vagina, and cures leucorrh&oelig;a; it is intoxicating.</p>
-<p id="p548" class="par"><span class="parNum">548</span> <span class=
-"sc">Setoopula</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1608;&#1662;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-sugar.</p>
-<p id="p549" class="par"><span class="parNum">549</span> <span class=
-"sc">Setawur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;</span>,&mdash;also <i>Setawurie</i>
-or <i>Shetawur</i>, vide S.</p>
-<p id="p550" class="par"><span class="parNum">550</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutputtrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1662;&#1657;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Roocha</i>, vide R.</p>
-<p id="p551" class="par"><span class="parNum">551</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutsar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-cucumber.</p>
-<p id="p552" class="par"><span class="parNum">552</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suteepulas</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1578;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1604;&#1575;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Kutchoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p553" class="par"><span class="parNum">553</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soocherakhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1670;&#1585;&#1575;&#1603;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The
-common <i>Sedjee</i>, (impure carb. of soda.) This name is given to the
-purer sorts. If 3 mashas be mixed with a cupful of dhaie, it is useful
-in cholicks. If mixed with lime juice, it is used to write on stone,
-and the stone placed on a slow fire as long as you can snap your
-fingers 100 times, and then taken off, when the writing will be found
-white and permanent. The physician <i>Nouruddee</i> has mentioned this
-to be the case.</p>
-<p id="p554" class="par"><span class="parNum">554</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sedarth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;&#1578;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Pungent
-and bitter, hot and dry; cures disorders of mucus, itch, Juzam,
-apth&aelig;; is vermifuge, and promotes appetite, but causes diffusion
-of the bile in the blood, and its consequent disorders. The green
-leaves are heavy and cool. In my opinion they are hot, and obstruct the
-flow of urine, increase indigestion, and disorders of the three
-secretions. The above is a white kind of <i>Sersom</i>, the name taken
-from the Sanscrit. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb93" href="#pb93"
-name="pb93">93</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p555" class="par"><span class="parNum">555</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sud Sohaung</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1587;&#1729;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a red flower in India; its leaves three-cornered, serrated; it
-is cool, and beneficial in disorders from poisons, bile, blood; in
-dropsy and nausea; 3 mashas of this bruised and taken with water is
-useful in gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p556" class="par"><span class="parNum">556</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suda Khar</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e11969" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1603;&#1729;&#1604; &#1605;&#1575;&#1585;">
-<span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1582;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;</span></span>.&mdash;A
-salt from a grass, very hot, and is used for cleansing lardaceous
-matter from sores; it increases the opening in boils, but decreases
-strength.</p>
-<p id="p557" class="par"><span class="parNum">557</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sudaphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Sudeephill</i>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bale</i>.</p>
-<p id="p558" class="par"><span class="parNum">558</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sudagolab</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1711;&#1604;&#1575;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;A
-flower like the rose. Its tree is larger than the rose-bush, and its
-flower has a different smell; it is always in flower, from which
-circumstance it derives its name. I have not seen this noticed in any
-other work of India, but it is probably the <i>Koocha</i>: q. v.</p>
-<p id="p559" class="par"><span class="parNum">559</span> <span class=
-"sc">Surphoka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1662;&#1607;&#1608;&#1606;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-plant of India, about a yard in height or sometimes more. It is very
-common; it is also called <i>Joojer</i>, and is a kind of <i>Chirchirra
-Soorkh</i>. It is bitter, astringent, and light; cures disorders of the
-liver and spleen, boils and eruptions, and cough; is an antidote to
-poisons; useful in disorders of the blood, difficulty of breathing, and
-fever. I have found it very beneficial in clearing the blood, and
-useful in correcting bile, curing itch, lues, and other eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p560" class="par"><span class="parNum">560</span> <span class=
-"sc">Serje</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Saaje</i>. &ldquo;<i>Tectona grandis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p561" class="par"><span class="parNum">561</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooryalee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1580;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A plant
-about 6 feet high. I have seen it in <i>Hissar</i> in abundance; it
-grows in the rains and spreads over the sides of houses, its stem is
-then about an inch in diameter; its branches also thin, and of a bright
-red colour; its flowers are beautiful, white and red; when ripe it in
-some degree resembles wheat; its flowers are crooked. It is
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p562" class="par"><span class="parNum">562</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirpund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1662;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;Aperient; cures
-general swellings, and disorders of wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p563" class="par"><span class="parNum">563</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sericbans</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1603;&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;Useful
-in mucous disorders and affections of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p564" class="par"><span class="parNum">564</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seriss</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mimosa
-Seris</i>,&rdquo; called also <i>Sereeka</i>; a very large tree of
-India. Its flowers have a sweet smell, and are very beautiful; it is
-cool, cures boils and eruptions, poisons, aches, and swellings. If a
-decoction of the leaves be taken internally in ophthalmia, and the
-juice of the leaves dropped into the eye, it <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb94" href="#pb94" name="pb94">94</a>]</span>will be
-very useful, and this I have tried. The bark of the tree dried and
-pounded is excellent when sprinkled on foul ulcers, in which too it
-kills maggots. The smell of the flower is useful in head-aches and
-hemicrania, in cough and in jaundice. If the root of the white Seriss
-be kept in the mouth, it lengthens aphrodisia. Some have called this
-<i>Layetoolatees</i>. If the seeds be bruised with water, and this
-dropt into the eye, it will remove specks; the oil of the seed is also
-very effectual for this purpose.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Seriss is among the Indian physicians, hot and
-dry, and in the opinion of some cool and dry; it cures swellings and
-wind. If the bark of the stem, the bark of the root, with the flowers
-and seeds of each, 3 mashas, be bruised, sifted, and mixed with
-cow&rsquo;s urine, and taken thrice a day, it will cure the bite of a
-snake, and for one whole year no reptile will injure you. The bark of
-an aged tree is the best. When the sun shall be in the division Joura,
-if daily for three days, 6 mashas of the bark be taken in congee, it
-will render the person invulnerable to the bite of any noxious reptile
-for a year. If the oil be extracted by heat from the seeds, and applied
-to the white spots of leprosy, it will cure them.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p565" class="par"><span class="parNum">565</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Bitter, hot, and light;
-cures affections of the throat, ear, eye, and disorders of wind.</p>
-<p id="p566" class="par"><span class="parNum">566</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirsom</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1587;&#1605;</span>
-or <i>Seerkup</i>. P. <i>Sirshuph</i>.&mdash;In India this is used to
-produce a very common oil; it is hot, and increases disorders of the
-mouth, and decreases mucus and semen; expels wind; is vermifuge, and if
-much be taken it will injure the eyesight; if a woman uses it during
-the lochial discharge, it will increase her strength and improve her
-complexion. One kind of this is white, and is called <i>Sedarth</i>, q.
-v.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Sinapis Dichotoma</i>, (Roxb. MS.) Sp. ch.
-dichotomous, siliques cylindric, smooth, spreading, bark straight and
-tapering, leaves stem-clasping; the lower somewhat lyred, superior
-ovate, lanceolate, entire, all are smooth, as are also stem and
-branches.&rdquo; Roxb.</p>
-<p id="p567" class="par"><span class="parNum">567</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorunkitki</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1606;
-&#1603;&#1657;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of Ketki, like the
-<i>Sinobir</i>. It has twelve leaves or more in the flower, its scent
-is sweet and soft. The plant flowers only once in 6 or 7 years; both
-kinds are sweet, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb95" href="#pb95" name=
-"pb95">95</a>]</span>cool, bitter, pungent, and light, and cure
-disorders of mucus. The juice of the <i>Keora</i> is also used for the
-same purpose, and mixed with it, is cardiac. The <i>Ketki</i> is a
-variety of <i>Keora</i>.</p>
-<p id="p568" class="par"><span class="parNum">568</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirunmaki</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1606;
-&#1605;&#1575;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;It is astringent, pungent,
-light, aphrodisiac and cardiac; cures Juzam, swellings of the body,
-piles, seminal weakness, pains in the urinary bladder, marasmus,
-disorders of the blood, and dropsy; is an antidote to poisons; cures
-hectic fever; clears the throat, and is an ingredient in all favorite
-formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p569" class="par"><span class="parNum">569</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seroopjeea</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1608;&#1662;
-&#1580;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Jeeaphup</i>.</p>
-<p id="p570" class="par"><span class="parNum">570</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seriepurnie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Arnee</i>, also
-called <i>Gumbar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p571" class="par"><span class="parNum">571</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seroopbudder</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1608;&#1662;
-&#1576;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name also of <i>Gumbar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p572" class="par"><span class="parNum">572</span> <span class=
-"sc">Surwalla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The name
-of a common shrub.</p>
-<p id="p573" class="par"><span class="parNum">573</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sussa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for the hare.
-The meat is sweet, cool, and light; induces costiveness, increases
-appetite, cures difficulty of breathing and sunpat, removes dysentery,
-and is both a medicine and article of diet.</p>
-<p id="p574" class="par"><span class="parNum">574</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suffrie Amer</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1601;&#1585;&#1609;
-&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The <i>Guava</i>,
-&ldquo;<i>Psidium pyriferum</i>.&rdquo; Vide <i>Anervade</i>.</p>
-<p id="p575" class="par"><span class="parNum">575</span> <span class=
-"sc">Segund Philla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of date.</p>
-<p id="p576" class="par"><span class="parNum">576</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soogunass</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1711;&#1606;&#1575;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Arloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p577" class="par"><span class="parNum">577</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sillajeet</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1580;&#1610;&#1578;</span>, also
-<i>Silladeet</i>, <i>Styrax</i> or <i>Storax</i>; a balsam, pungent,
-bitter, and stimulating, more pungent in digestion; hot, cures seminal
-weakness, piles from cold, Juzam, dropsy, marasmus, difficulty of
-breathing, tabes, idiotism, swellings of the body, disorders of mucus
-and blood. Is vermifuge, lithontriptic, and otherwise generally useful.
-It in one of the most powerful remedies; is stronger than any other
-ingredient in whatever formul&aelig; it may form a part, and it
-increases the effects of all others; it is the favorite medicine of all
-Indian physicians.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Sut Sillajeet</i> is the strongest, for this means
-<i>Sillajeet</i> in a refined state. I have found it excellent in
-gonorrh&oelig;a, and for thickening the seminal fluid; also for
-strengthening the kidnies and urinary bladder. The mode of preparing
-it, is as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Sillajeet</i> is dissolved in water and placed in
-the sun in a new earthen vessel till it becomes thick, and its color
-assumes a reddish or yellowish hue; then it must be taken from the
-surface <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb96" href="#pb96" name=
-"pb96">96</a>]</span>as much as is clean, and preserved in another new
-vessel; this too is placed in the sun, well protected from dust, till
-it becomes dry. This is the <i>Sut Sillajeet</i>, and what remains in
-the first vessel is again purified in the same manner for three
-different times, and each time the pure drug is dried as above. It is
-easily purified by fire, and more quickly; but this is much to be
-preferred. It is brought from the hills ready prepared.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Sillajeet</i> is the urine of the hill wild
-goat, which when the animal is rutting, is discharged on the stones and
-evaporated by the sun&rsquo;s heat. It is found in small quantities, of
-a black color. It is hot in the 3rd, and dry in the 2nd degree. In the
-opinion of Indian physicians, it is useful in all kinds of seminal
-weakness, in swellings, in Juzam, epilepsy, diabetes, stone in the
-bladder, and in gravel. The <i>Sillajeet</i> is often mixed with lime,
-but the adulteration is discovered by the change of color. Some have
-said that it is the urine of the wild ass, found as above. The purified
-kind is the best. In Juzam, if ate for 40 days, it is a cure, and even
-in the last stages of the disease it is beneficial. It loosens wind and
-phlegm.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p578" class="par"><span class="parNum">578</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sillaruss</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1585;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;Hot and
-moist; increases eyesight and semen, and cures Juzam and itch. A.
-<i>Myasayela</i>.</p>
-<p id="p579" class="par"><span class="parNum">579</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooderphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1605;&#1583;&#1585;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine of India, more black in color than the Hurr, of a square
-shape, and its corners of a red color; these, however, also become
-black from age; mixed with human milk and used as a cephalic, it will
-cause a discharge of all phlegm from the head. If mixed with the juice
-of the <i>Gooma</i>, it will cure hemicrania. The bark of the root is
-very efficacious in swellings of the hands and feet; and ate with salt
-and anise seed in warm water, it will be found excellent in pains of
-the bowels.</p>
-<p class="par">Some have named this <i>Hubbooneel</i>, but how far this
-is correct I know not.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Somoderphill</i> is hot and dry; if introduced
-into the nose with goat&rsquo;s milk or urine, it will cure head-ache,
-hemicrania, suppressed mucus, &amp;c. If mixed with goat&rsquo;s urine
-and applied to the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb97" href="#pb97"
-name="pb97">97</a>]</span>eyes, it will cure night blindness, and
-removes opacities in the cornea. Mixed with human urine, it is both ate
-and applied to the nose in bites of snakes, and with sheep&rsquo;s
-urine or buffaloe&rsquo;s dung is applied to the pubis in the cure of
-diabetes; mixed with turmeric, it is an useful application to the spots
-of white leprosy; with sugar, ate for the cure of seminal weakness;
-with aniseed, in pains of the bowels; with cow&rsquo;s urine, in
-hiccup; with <i>dhaie</i>, as an astringent; with ginger, in
-rheumatism; with human urine, in black jaundice; with cow&rsquo;s
-urine, in mesenteric obstructions of children; and for those who are
-dull of hearing, mixed with <i>Bhangra</i> or honey, as an application
-to the inside of the ear. In restrained or obstructed lochia, or
-retention of the placenta, with asaf&oelig;tida; and with cloves and
-sugar, in intermittent fever.<span class="corr" id="xd24e12367" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span></p>
-<p id="p580" class="par"><span class="parNum">580</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooder Phane</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1605;&#1583;&#1585;&#1662;&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;<span class="sc">Sponge.</span></p>
-<p id="p581" class="par"><span class="parNum">581</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooder Lone</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1605;&#1583;&#1585;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;<i>Murias
-Sod&aelig;.</i> The sea salt; it is sweet and bitter, hot and cool, in
-equal degrees; tonic, anthelmintic, purgative; promotes appetite and
-digestion, cures disorders of wind, and corrects irregularities of bile
-and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p582" class="par"><span class="parNum">582</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somoodersake</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1605;&#1583;&#1585;&#1587;&#1610;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;<i>Convolvulus
-Argenteus</i>, also <i>Ruttunmala</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i><span class="corr" id="xd24e12415" title=
-"Source: Maadentezurrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i>.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;A seed like the mustard; black and aperient, cool
-and <span class="corr" id="xd24e12420" title=
-"Source: mois">moist</span>, in the 1st degree; is aphrodisiac;
-strengthens the stomach, removes heat of urine, gonorrh&oelig;a,
-thinness of semen, the secretion of which it thickens and increases. It
-is astringent, and produces flatulence. Its corrector is sugar; its
-succed. <i>Sireyara</i>: dose six mashas.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p583" class="par"><span class="parNum">583</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungtirra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1711;&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-author of the <i>Ayeen Akberry</i> calls it <i>Sontirra</i>. A fruit of
-India of great esteem; it is of a yellowish red color, in shape like
-the apple, but larger. Its rind is fine, soft, and smooth, like the
-Sylhet orange, which it in all respects much resembles. It is large,
-sweet, and acid. There are different names for the different kinds of
-oranges, but this is the largest and best. It is in my opinion cool,
-cardiac, drying; allays heat and thirst, and prevents the ill effects
-of wind, loosens phlegm and bile, strengthens the stomach; is very
-grateful when ate with sugar; and its acid is less hurtful than many
-others. I <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb98" href="#pb98" name=
-"pb98">98</a>]</span>have known a man of a bilious temperament, who
-told me that he always found relief from the use of this orange. The
-emperor was in the habit of eating it in <i>Pilaus</i>, when sweetened
-with sugar and rose-water, and thus used, he called it Rahut Jahn. It
-is thus rendered more cooling and more grateful to the taste. He also
-ate it when cooled in ice, and found it useful in giving tone to the
-stomach. The people of India use it with their food. If ate after
-having been sprinkled with a little salt, its acid will have less
-effect on the teeth, mouth, and throat; this however, can only be
-necessary when unripe or not of the best kind. &ldquo;Many more trivial
-properties are ascribed to this orange in the original, which would
-only be waste of time and paper to record.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>Trans.</i>
-It is said to be hurtful in coughs, and colds.</p>
-<p id="p584" class="par"><span class="parNum">584</span> <span class=
-"sc">Singhara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Trapa
-natuns.</i>&rdquo; &ldquo;<i>Trapa Bispinosa.</i>&rdquo; A common
-triangular water-nut, like the <i>hermodactyls</i>; it is the produce
-of ponds or reservoirs of water. When green and unripe, it is
-pleasantest to the taste; when ripe, it becomes hard, and when dried,
-more so; it is much employed in aphrodisiac formul&aelig;. It is sweet,
-cool, and heavy; cures bilious disorders, and those of blood; removes
-heat of the body, restrains laxities in the bowels, and increases
-semen. It is generally liked and universally eaten.</p>
-<p id="p585" class="par"><span class="parNum">585</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sindoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1583;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for Sud&aacute; Soh&aacute;gun.</p>
-<p id="p586" class="par"><span class="parNum">586</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkaholie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1575;
-&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A small plant, with very
-thin branches like common grass; its leaves are very small; it is a
-creeper on the ground; its flower white and small, and looks very
-beautiful in the evenings or in moonlight nights. It is astringent,
-hot, and moist; aperient and aphrodisiac; increases memory,
-understanding, and perception, and likewise discrimination; cures
-seminal weakness, and forms an ingredient in all favorite
-formul&aelig;; cures gonorrh&oelig;a; and I have often used the bark of
-its root as an aphrodisiac and for increasing the consistence of semen.
-Some have called this <i>Soorch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p587" class="par"><span class="parNum">587</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunn</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Crotalaria
-Juncea.</i>&rdquo; A plant, the bark of which is used as hemp; it is
-usually sown around cotton fields. It is of two kinds, the second
-called <i>Rasni</i>. It is pungent and acid, and its leaves are used as
-a culinary vegetable; it is cool, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb99"
-href="#pb99" name="pb99">99</a>]</span>heavy, and astringent. Its
-flower is used as an astringent in lochial discharge.</p>
-<p id="p588" class="par"><span class="parNum">588</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A white shell of a very
-large size; cool, light; strengthens the eye-sight, cures mucous
-disorders, and those of bile and blood. A. <i>Hulzoom</i>. There is a
-small kind called <i>Cowrie</i>; if this be burnt and calcined, it will
-quickly dry up sores by being sprinkled over them.</p>
-<p id="p589" class="par"><span class="parNum">589</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sebaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;or
-<i>Sebalie</i>, or <i>Nindee</i>, see N. <i>Vitex Trifolia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p590" class="par"><span class="parNum">590</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sindoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1583;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The red oxide of
-lead, used externally. &ldquo;<i>Sindoora</i>, S.&rdquo; Hot; cures
-acne and Juzam, and disorders of poison, boils, and eruptions; clears
-wounds; promotes the junction of broken bones. The ointment of this is
-very excellent in sores. The receipt is to be found in many other
-works.</p>
-<p id="p591" class="par"><span class="parNum">591</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soomboolkhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;&#1582;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>The
-white Oxide of Arsenic.</i>&rdquo; It is white and like alum in color;
-it ought to be chosen thus: when rubbed on a crow&rsquo;s feather and
-put over the fire, if it does not smoke, and the feather becomes white,
-it is good. A. <i>Toorabalhalik</i>. There are six kinds of this, one
-named <i>Sunkia</i>, the third <i>Godunta</i>, the fourth <i>Darma</i>,
-the fifth <i>Huldia</i>; but each will be noticed under its own proper
-head. The Yunani physicians do not allow this to form a part of their
-prescriptions, as they believe it destroys the vital principle; and
-such medicines as are deleterious in their effects, such as opium, they
-always exhibit with correctors, for this reason such remedies are
-seldom noticed or used by them. The physicians of India, on the
-contrary, find these drugs more effectual in many disorders than others
-of less power, and such the calx of metals. For this reason too, I am
-in the habit of seldom giving these remedies internally, but I usually
-confine my use of them to external application, and as aphrodisiacs,
-which I prescribe to a few friends, who may have derived no benefit
-from Yunani prescriptions. It is better, however, to use as few of them
-as possible. The sixth kind is <i>Hurtaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p592" class="par"><span class="parNum">592</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-arsenic.</p>
-<p id="p593" class="par"><span class="parNum">593</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkhal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A species
-of <i>Bindaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p594" class="par"><span class="parNum">594</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungjerahut</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1711;
-&#1580;&#1585;&#1575;&#1581;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;It obtains its name
-from being useful in wounds. Throughout India it is also known by the
-name of <i>Sungderaz</i>. It is a stone of very soft consistence; cool
-and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb100" href="#pb100" name=
-"pb100">100</a>]</span>light; beneficial in fever, bile, asthma, pains
-in the chest, flatulence, and laxities in the bowels; and when used in
-ointment, dries up ulcerated parts, removes pain, and acts as an
-absorbent in the stomach and bowels. I have found it by experience to
-be extremely useful in the before-mentioned complaints, also in
-diarrh&oelig;a; in Hindostan it is called <i>Surkoola</i>.</p>
-<p id="p595" class="par"><span class="parNum">595</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungjoothka</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1711;
-&#1580;&#1608;&#1578;&#1607;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Jui</i>; having a white flower.</p>
-<p id="p596" class="par"><span class="parNum">596</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorinjoothka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1606;&#1580;&#1608;&#1578;&#1607;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Also
-a name for the above; having a yellow flower.</p>
-<p id="p597" class="par"><span class="parNum">597</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sonamukie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1575;&#1605;&#1603;&#1729;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Marka sheesha</i>. &ldquo;<i>Marcasite</i>
-stone.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p598" class="par"><span class="parNum">598</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooroon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Baharkund</i>, called <i>Zemeekund</i>. A root, resembling a turtle,
-used in India as pickles; it is dressed with meat, and also used by
-itself; it is dry, light, and stomachic; useful in disorders of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e12688" title="Source: phelgm">phlegm</span>
-and piles; it produces eruptions from diffusion of bile, and some have
-called it difficult of digestion. Those who are in a reduced state, or
-have weak stomachs, had better not eat more than 20 direms. To my
-knowledge, it is much used in piles; it is said to be beneficial in
-cholics and pains in the bowels. It increases bile; and is hurtful in
-disorders of blood; it is also injurious to the throat. Its correctors
-are fresh <i>dhaie</i>, and being parboiled in water and the water
-changed. It may also be corrected by being boiled with tamarind or
-anula leaves. Enclosed in clay and roasted in an oven, the outer rind
-pulled off, it will be found less hurtful; in any other manner it
-irritates the throat. If used in powder, it must be skinned and dried
-in the shade; one kind of it is white inside, and of a purple color
-externally. A third is white on both sides; the former is the
-strongest: it is also named <i>Soorunsona</i>.</p>
-<p id="p599" class="par"><span class="parNum">599</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soombullie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1576;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Pungent and
-bitter, cures disorders of wind and mucus, and is an ingredient in
-favorite formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p600" class="par"><span class="parNum">600</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soos</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The <i>Porpus
-Delphinus</i>.&rdquo; Its flesh is moist and heavy, cures disorders of
-wind, and increases semen and mucus. P. <i>Khookmai&eacute;</i>. A.
-<i>Delphine</i>. The author of the <i>Echtyarat</i> has described this
-as a large fish of a black color, with a head like that of the hog.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb101" href="#pb101" name=
-"pb101">101</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p601" class="par"><span class="parNum">601</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;See <i>Kual</i>.</p>
-<p id="p602" class="par"><span class="parNum">602</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suwa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is cool, dry, light,
-and astringents; useful in bruises; cures phlegm, cough, and hectic
-fever. A. <i>Begha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p603" class="par"><span class="parNum">603</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soopee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1662;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Any kind of fried pea,
-deprived of its shell.</p>
-<p id="p604" class="par"><span class="parNum">604</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sona</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A precious metal; cool,
-heavy, and aphrodisiac; beneficial as an antidote to poisons, and in
-repressing the three secretions; used in mania, fever, and dryness;
-clears the complexion, and is an ingredient in all favorite
-formul&aelig;. When prepared for use, it is called
-<i>Mirganick</i>.</p>
-<p id="p605" class="par"><span class="parNum">605</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somph</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1662;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Aniseed,
-<i>Pimpinella Anisum</i>.&rdquo; One kind of it is called
-<i>Seethka</i>, the other <i>Sowa</i>; the former means the largest
-kind; both are bitter, sweet, hot, and light; improves appetite; cure
-affections of wind and mucus; useful in cholic, boils, eruptions, and
-all disorders of the eyes, and increases bile. One kind, the latter, is
-used for disorders of females. A. <i>Razeena</i>. P.
-<i>Valanbuzury</i>.</p>
-<p id="p606" class="par"><span class="parNum">606</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sonth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1657;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Amomum
-Zingiber.</i>&rdquo; The dried root; moist and light; sweet during
-digestion, and hot; promotes appetite and digestion; allays vomiting,
-cures difficulty of breathing, cough, itch, affections of the heart,
-swellings of the scrotum, and swellings in general; rheumatic pains in
-the joints, pains of the urinary bladder, piles, and flatulence, and
-clears the voice. Pills made of <i>Sonth</i> are very generally
-beneficial, and the result of my experience I have published at full in
-my other works.</p>
-<p id="p607" class="par"><span class="parNum">607</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sowa</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Shibbet</i>. P. <i>Wallankhoord</i>. Hot, dry, and aperient; its
-smell soporific; its leaves hurtful to the stomach. The seed Dill.
-<i>Anethum Sowa</i>, Roxb.</p>
-<p id="p608" class="par"><span class="parNum">608</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soonchur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1670;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for the
-salt <i>Soonchur</i>, also Soonchill.</p>
-<p id="p609" class="par"><span class="parNum">609</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorjemooki</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1585;&#1580;
-&#1605;&#1603;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Adittbaqut</i>. &ldquo;<i>Helianthus Annuus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p610" class="par"><span class="parNum">610</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooderie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1583;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Its smell is
-strong and penetrating, like an animal in the rutting season; pungent
-and hot; beneficial in wind and fever, and clears the voice; the black
-kind is used in various formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p611" class="par"><span class="parNum">611</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soubustanee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1610;&#1587;&#1578;&#1575;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Valanchoord</i>.</p>
-<p id="p612" class="par"><span class="parNum">612</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooe Junglie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1609;
-&#1580;&#1606;&#1711;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Pitpapra</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb102" href="#pb102"
-name="pb102">102</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p613" class="par"><span class="parNum">613</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soonkullie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1603;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A shrub
-hurtful to animals.</p>
-<p id="p614" class="par"><span class="parNum">614</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sowall</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Thaleeb</i>. Cool; improves the color of the skin; cures remittents,
-and a little of it introduced into the parts of both sexes, useful in
-gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p615" class="par"><span class="parNum">615</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorudjjhall</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1580;
-&#1580;&#1729;&#1575;&#1604;</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e12942"
-title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name for <i>Lootooperie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p616" class="par"><span class="parNum">616</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1729;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Cures affections
-of blood and mucus, and restrains laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p617" class="par"><span class="parNum">617</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sahunserbede</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1729;&#1606;&#1587;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A
-soft stone, of a dark-red color; cool and dry in the second degree;
-used by Indian physicians in disorders of blood, in laxatives from
-indigestion, acne, boils, psora, and infantile eruptions; given with
-milk or butter to the quantity from two to four soorkhs.</p>
-<p id="p618" class="par"><span class="parNum">618</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohunjena</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1607;&#1580;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;or
-<i>Sahinjena</i>, or <i>Sajena</i>, or <i>Sekir</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Hyperanthera morunga</i>, W. <i>Sobhanjana</i>, S.
-<i>Guilandina moringa</i>. The root of the tree scraped exactly
-resembles horse-radish, and is used as such in all parts of India. It
-is a rubifacient, and useful as a stimulant.&rdquo; A tree common in
-India; hot and light; useful in disorders of the eyes; creates
-appetite; restrains diarrh&oelig;a, cures disorders of wind, mucus,
-acne, and swellings of the body, affections of the spleen, boils, and
-eruptions, and cleanses the blood. It is of three kinds; the second
-kind, which is red, is said to be aperient and astringent; in other
-properties the same. Its flower is heavy and astringent; cures
-disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and increases the wind. The
-people of India use its flowers as a pickle in oil, and my father used
-to recommend this pickle to those of a cold temperament, but it is
-prejudicial to the eyes; it is thus prepared:</p>
-<p class="par">The flowers are put into water for a day, and washed; a
-little mustard seed added, and the whole put into <i>serson</i> oil.
-This pickle is less hot than the plant. Pickle made from the root,
-removes wind; the leaves bruised and applied to ulcers, cleans and
-heals them.</p>
-<p id="p619" class="par"><span class="parNum">619</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sahidei</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1729;&#1610;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A plant about
-half a yard in height; its leaves like the <i>Toolsi</i>, cool and
-moist; useful in suppressed wind, fever, pains in the limbs, swellings
-of the throat; its use increases the complexion and volume of blood. It
-is used for killing mercury. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb103" href=
-"#pb103" name="pb103">103</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p620" class="par"><span class="parNum">620</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohaga</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1729;&#1575;&#1711;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Tunkhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p621" class="par"><span class="parNum">621</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sembill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1576;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bombax
-Heptaphyllum.</i> Silk-cotton Tree.&rdquo; A large tree of India; its
-leaves like the Jamin, but broader and more long, about half the
-breadth of the peepul and twice the length; in thickness, color, and
-mark, the same. Its flowers resemble the <i>Bukaen</i> when small, but
-when more advanced, it becomes more like the <i>goolur</i>, and when
-full grown, the flowers are as large as a large lime. It then spreads
-and becomes red; after this it again closes; the flower then falls, and
-leaves the seed vessel. The capsule is twice as large as that of the
-<i>Mudar</i>, and when ripe, is filled with cotton. I have ate of the
-flower when at its middle growth, and found it pleasant to the taste,
-but it produces flatulence. It is cool and aphrodisiac; induces
-corpulence; is astringent, and cures boils and eruptions, Juzam, and
-disorders of the blood and bile: some call its gum <i>Moocherus</i>,
-the author of the Topha for instance; but <i>Moocherus</i> is the gum
-or flower of the Phoopul tree. In the opinion of the physicians of
-India, the Sembill is a powerful medicine as an aphrodisiac. If the
-juice of the root be made into sherbet with equal part of sugar, it
-will increase age by restoring the vital energy, increase understanding
-and semen; the larger and older the tree, and the thicker the root, the
-greater its strength as a medicine. The small roots are cut into
-slices, dried on a rope, and sold; in this state, it resembles
-<i>Bhamun Soorkh</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">Ascetics have said, that the perpendicular root of a
-large full grown Sembill tree, cut in pieces, dried and reduced to a
-powder is powerfully aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 4 direms daily. I
-have taken this powder to the quantity of one tolah with sugar, and
-have also prescribed it with advantage; it strengthens the stomach, and
-is gently laxative. If given with honey, I conceive that its virtues
-will be increased. The author of the celebrated work <i>Ahmed Ben
-Shirazee</i> has told the following story, which I shall relate as
-nearly as may be in his own words. &ldquo;I was,&rdquo; says he,
-&ldquo;on a journey, when coming to a village in India, and being very
-thirsty, I met an old man from whom I requested water to drink; I
-observed that this old man had a peculiarly healthy appearance, and
-seemed plump and stout; he had a young woman <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb104" href="#pb104" name="pb104">104</a>]</span>with
-him, whom he sent to his house for water, and who brought it me to
-drink. I then asked him whether that young girl was his daughter; he
-laughing answered that she was his wife, and that he had three others
-equally young. I was somewhat surprised at this, and asked him if this
-was not too many for him; he replied no! More and more astonished, I
-asked him if this was really the case; he avowed it to be so. I then
-questioned him how he came to be endowed with so much strength, and how
-old he was; he told me that his age was 110 years, and related the
-following facts: That when 50 years&rsquo; old he had already become
-aged and feeble, and was so much decayed in constitution, that he
-seldom rose from his bed, and when he did so, was obliged to support
-himself on a crutch. That a fakeer passing that way observed his feeble
-state, and feeling compassion for his helpless situation, asked him
-what ailed him: he replied, nothing; but that old age had come upon
-him. The fakeer then gave him a medicine which he had taken ever since,
-with an injunction to abstain from all acids: this he had done, and
-that the effect was such as I saw. He likewise told me that he had a
-son nearly 80 years of age, who had also used the fakeer&rsquo;s
-prescription, and who was much stouter and more healthy in every
-respect than he.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Astonished at this relation, I procured the
-receipt, and thus hand it down to posterity.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Take the white roots of a full grown, healthy
-Sembill tree, which is soft; cut them in pieces, dry them in the shade,
-and reduce them to a powder: sift it very fine, with equal parts of
-sugar, and over the fire, form it into an electuary: of this 5 direms
-are to be eaten daily, and no acid to be used.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;To this the old man swore, and brought his son
-and introduced him to me to prove the truth of his story. The son
-corroborated the assertion of his father, and added that he had ate the
-remedy only two years, when he became as he then was; certain it is, he
-had not a grey hair in his head.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p622" class="par"><span class="parNum">622</span> <span class=
-"sc">Semb</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;also S&eacute;me. A
-common creeper; its leaves very green and small, broad in the centre
-and pointed: a smaller leaf rising from the same part of the stem; its
-flower is small and of a yellowish color. Its seed is like the
-pistachio nut, but more broad <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb105"
-href="#pb105" name="pb105">105</a>]</span>and longer in some degree,
-like the stone of the tamarind; it is called B&aacute;kl&aacute;
-Hindui; it is cool, astringent, flatulent, and from its astringency
-strengthens the stomach; is aphrodisiac; cures bilious disorders;
-increases mucus, and the Hindoos have recommended it for the cure of
-wind; but in this I do not concur, as it is rather apt to produce wind;
-they are however in the habit of recommending all medicines that
-procure a discharge of flatus. One kind is called <i>Golesemb</i>, also
-called <i>Krishnphilla</i>; its seed is larger and longer than the one
-now described; it is hot, and cures disorders of wind, bile, and
-mucus.</p>
-<p id="p623" class="par"><span class="parNum">623</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sehoond</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1729;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A prickly plant,
-growing wild. A. <i>Zakoom</i>. It is so called, but the seed of the
-Zakoom is said to be like the Hurr, whereas the Sehoond has no seed; it
-is pungent, heavy, laxative; increases appetite, cures dropsy; is an
-antidote to poison, useful in affections of the spleen, Juzam,
-idiotism, marasmus, and itchiness of the bowels, flatulent swellings,
-badgola, swellings in general, and is lithontriptic. The best kind is
-red or of a rose color; its milk is also red, but if put on a cloth it
-becomes white. All kinds of it are used in transmutation of metals.
-There are several kinds in use for various purposes, the juice is an
-ingredient in many formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p624" class="par"><span class="parNum">624</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sisoo</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1587;&#1608;</span>
-or <i>Sishum</i>, and another kind called <i>Rusispa</i>. It is a very
-common tree of Hindostan, large like the Jamin, and its wood is durable
-and excellent; it is not readily attacked by insects nor liable to
-decay. If cut down when the moon is in the wane, no insect will ever
-touch it; its leaves are small and round, a little inclining to oval,
-with very little point, like the leaf of the Semb. Its seed-vessel is
-light, and contains only two or three seeds; it is about half an inch
-long; both kinds of the tree are hot, and reduce corpulency. It also
-causes abortions; cures Juzam and white leprosy; is vermifuge; removes
-pains in the urinary bladder; useful in boils, eruptions, heat of body,
-disorders of the blood and mucus, and allays vomiting. It is
-particularly useful in disorders of the blood and cuticular eruptions;
-this is a favorite wood among Europeans. It is also useful in Lues
-Venerea, and is thus used: one and half masha of the filings of the
-centre or dark-colored wood is boiled in 3/4 pound of water, till only
-one-half shall remain, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb106" href=
-"#pb106" name="pb106">106</a>]</span>then strain and drink with the
-following plain sherbet: the same quantity repeated in the evening, and
-every five or six days. The sherbet of Morukub mixed or drank with it.
-This must be repeated for 14, or 21, or 40 days.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Receipt for the plain Sherbet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Filings of the wood, a pound, infused in 12 lbs. of
-river water, for 24 hours, then boiled, and when half is evaporated,
-strain and add to it 3 rittals of sugar (23 ounces), and preserve for
-use. Six tolahs to be taken morning and evening, with the decoction
-above specified. If this is required of additional strength, four
-tolahs of Pitpapra is to be added when the decoction is nearly
-complete.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Receipt for the mixed Sherbet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">When the above sherbet is nearly ready for use, add to
-it Soorinjan (Hermodactyls), Irkhir (Camel&rsquo;s hay), each three
-tolahs and 9 mashas, separately bruised, strained, and gradually mixed;
-when fully boiled add 10 tolahs of senna, and take it from the fire. If
-this is required of additional virtue for the cure of foulness of the
-blood and Lues Venerea, add four tolahs of the Pitpapra before the
-others are mixed with it. Ten tolahs of this in the morning is to be
-used as before specified. No food to be used during the cure, except
-kullia, pillau, and bread; no acid to be admitted, and no greens of any
-description, and the day on which the mixed sherbet is taken, even
-bread is not to be eaten. &ldquo;<i>Dalbergia Sissoo.</i>
-Roxb.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p625" class="par"><span class="parNum">625</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sial</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1575;&#1604;</span>
-&ldquo;<i>The Jackal.</i>&rdquo; Its flesh strengthens the system,
-increases semen, cures disorders of wind and hectic fever. A.
-<i>Ebn&aacute;&aacute;vee</i>. P. <i>Sheghal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p626" class="par"><span class="parNum">626</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sendhi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The juice
-of the date tree; this is less powerful than the tarrie; it is
-flatulent and aperient; induces corpulency, and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p627" class="par"><span class="parNum">627</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sendh&aelig;</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Kutcherie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p628" class="par"><span class="parNum">628</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sealie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The wild carrot,
-long and cone-shaped. A. <i>Shakakul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p629" class="par"><span class="parNum">629</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seenaki</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e13202" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1610;&#1575;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1609;</span></span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Karoonus Soombul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p630" class="par"><span class="parNum">630</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seenku</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e13216" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1587;&#1606;&#1610;&#1603;&#1608;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;&#1608;</span></span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Shummie</i>, vide Sh.</p>
-<p id="p631" class="par"><span class="parNum">631</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seotie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1608;&#1578;&#1609;</span> vide <i>Kurkooja</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Rosa glandulifera.</i> Roxb.&rdquo; <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb107" href="#pb107" name="pb107">107</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p632" class="par"><span class="parNum">632</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seelidj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1604;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Ch&eacute;reela</i>, which grows in stony places or near water; it
-has a sweet smell; is bitter and cool, cures mucous and bilious
-disorders, heat, thirst, vomiting, and asthmas.</p>
-<p id="p633" class="par"><span class="parNum">633</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seep</span> <span lang="ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1662;</span> or
-<i>Seepie</i>. A name for <i>Suduf</i> (a shell). It is pungent,
-shining, and promotes digestion and appetite, strengthens the system,
-and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p634" class="par"><span class="parNum">634</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saeb</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1610;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Tuffah</i>. In Yunani works, the Indian kind is called <i>Harara</i>
-or <i>Seoharara</i>; it is cardiac, and its preserve is more so; it is
-aphrodisiac, and produces flatulence; when unripe it is acid and
-astringent, and hurtful, produces cough and decreases bile. Its
-corrector is salt.</p>
-<p id="p635" class="par"><span class="parNum">635</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seetaphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1578;&#1575;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The
-common <i>Shereefa</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p636" class="par"><span class="parNum">636</span> <span class=
-"sc">Singia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1610;&#1575;</span> or <i>Singia Jur</i>,
-(Aconite.) A root like Gentian, but a most deadly poison, and as such
-used by the Nepaulese. It is also called <i>Singia Khar</i> or
-<i>Beechnak</i>. It is described in several works as a most active
-poison, and not to be given by itself even in the smallest quantity. It
-is made up for internal use as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">Take of quicksilver, <i>Singia</i>, <i>Hurtaal</i>
-(refined), chillies, sulphur (purified), <i>Peepul</i>, fine ginger,
-<i>Hurrha</i>, (large) <i>Anula</i>, borax (refined), <i>Bahera</i>,
-nutmeg, each a pice weight.</p>
-<p class="par">Mix the quicksilver and sulphur together with a little
-of the juice of the <i>Bhangra</i>, then add the Hurtaal, rubbing them
-well, and add all the others, with more of the juice of the Bhangra,
-till 10 pint bottles or five seers shall be expended; this and these
-must be rubbed continually during 12 days, and till it acquires the
-consistence of a mass proper for pills. It is then to be made up into
-small pills of the size of a small pea each. These are given one for a
-dose, with the following vehicles, and in the cure of the following
-disorders; and during their exhibition, only simple food, and no acid
-to be used.</p>
-<div class="par">
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">With</td>
-<td class="cellTop">Kutkuleja leaves, in</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Vomiting, Cholera, &amp;c.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Cow&rsquo;s urine, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Diarrh&oelig;a.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Toolsi leaves,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Internal heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Lime juice, and applied to the eyes,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Evil spirits depart.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Kusskuss water, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bilious disorders.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Tirphilla and ginger, in</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Asthma. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb108"
-href="#pb108" name="pb108">108</a>]</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">With</td>
-<td>Seed of Methi infusion,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dysentery.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Honey,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Emaciation.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Ditto, to thicken</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Semen.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Butch, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Tooth-ache.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Pounded Kusskuss,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dropsy.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Nutmeg,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Rheumatism from wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Onion Juice,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bites of snakes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Infus. of Adjwain,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Thirst.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="noteref" id="n108.1src" href="#n108.1" name=
-"n108.1src">1</a>Juice of Kussownda,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Radish juice,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Offensive breath.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="pseudonoteref" href="#n108.1">1</a>Soopearie juice,
-(rubbed,)</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cholicks of children.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Gopie earth,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Strangury.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Cow&rsquo;s Ghee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bites of snakes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Root of Semel tree,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Every thing.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Old Goor,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Internal heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="pseudonoteref" href="#n108.1">1</a>Eleachee,
-(Guzerathee,)</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Intermittents.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Mugrela and salt,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Indigestion.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Doob grass,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Diarrh&oelig;a.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Mace, externally in</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Night blindness.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Goonchee, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">General Rheumatism.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Pith of Bela,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Vertigo.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="cellBottom">Water of burnt wheat,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Sunpat.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="footnotes">
-<hr class="fnsep">
-<div class="footnote-body">
-<p class="par footnote"><span class="label"><a class="noteref" id=
-"n108.1" href="#n108.1src" name="n108.1">1</a></span> Often tried with
-effect.&nbsp;<a class="fnarrow" href="#n108.1src">&uarr;</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="sheen" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1588;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p637" class="par first"><span class="parNum">637</span>
-<span class="sc">Shaldan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;
-&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice, in virtue
-like the <i>Saatie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p638" class="par"><span class="parNum">638</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shalook</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;The root of the
-<i>Kawul</i> flower, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p639" class="par"><span class="parNum">639</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shubbe</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1576;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Polyanthes Tuberosa.</i>
-The name of a common flower, which has a strong scent in the night; it
-is of several kinds, white, yellow, red, and yellowish red. It is hot
-and dry in the second degree; three direms taken in water, is diuretic,
-and also useful in suppression of the menses. It expedites the delivery
-of the dead f&oelig;tus and of the placenta. Its smell expels mucus
-from the brain and collections of wind. In those of a hot temperament
-it produces head-ache. Its corrector is oil of roses, vinegar, or its
-own oil; the latter is very beneficial both externally and internally
-used, and possesses all the beneficial properties attributed to the
-flower. An unguent composed of this, Akirkirrha, and Tokhur Unjeera,
-applied to the loins, is very beneficial in the <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb109" href="#pb109" name="pb109">109</a>]</span>two
-cases mentioned above, and is used both externally and internally in
-complaints of the uterus, also in rheumatism.</p>
-<p id="p640" class="par"><span class="parNum">640</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shutawur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1578;&#1575;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for the
-root of a tree in the jungles, of a prickly kind; its stem and branches
-are thin, with many smaller ones, about an inch or two inches long in
-the intervals. Its leaves are very thin and small, somewhat like the
-Fir tree. The tree itself grows to the height of 9 or 10 feet; its seed
-resembles the Anboo Saleb. It is sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; cures
-disorders of wind, mucus, bile, and blood, also swellings of the body.
-It is aphrodisiac; increases the secretion of milk, and is an
-ingredient in celebrated formul&aelig;. For increasing the consistence
-of semen, and as an aphrodisiac, I have found its conserve and powder
-of great use. One kind of it is called Kalinta, another Maha Shutawuri;
-they are cool; cure piles and laxities from indigested food, disorders
-of the eyes; are cardiac, aphrodisiac, and increase knowledge.</p>
-<p id="p641" class="par"><span class="parNum">641</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shitawuballie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1578;&#1575;&#1608;&#1576;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of sugar, which cures eruptions from diffused bile, seminal
-weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p642" class="par"><span class="parNum">642</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shereefa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1585;&#1610;&#1601;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Called also
-<i>Seetaphill</i>. It is sweet and cardiac; increases semen and removes
-depression of spirits. If the kernel of the seed, in the quantity of
-one direm, and <i>dhaie</i>, half rittal, be bruised together and
-rubbed over the body, in cures of itch, left to dry, and the same
-repeated several times, the itch will be cured; this I have found to be
-the case; tried and found effectual. &ldquo;Annona squamosa.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p643" class="par"><span class="parNum">643</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shuftaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1601;&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A common
-fruit of India. Its tree like the Aroo. It is heavy, slow of digestion,
-cool, but less so than the Aroo; when unripe it is sour. The best is
-sweet when ripe.</p>
-<p id="p644" class="par"><span class="parNum">644</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shukur Javan</span> <span lang="ur">&#1588;&#1603;&#1585;
-&#1580;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Cool; expels wind; strengthens the
-system; decreases bile, wind, and mucus. A. <i>Toorunjabeen</i>.</p>
-<p id="p645" class="par"><span class="parNum">645</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shukur Kund</span> <span lang="ur">&#1588;&#1603;&#1585;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Convolvulus Batatas.&rdquo;
-A common culinary root, sweet and a little hot, and heavy, aphrodisiac,
-increases semen, and strengthens the brain.</p>
-<p id="p646" class="par"><span class="parNum">646</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shumie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1605;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Commonly called Seenkur; cool,
-light, and soft; cures difficulty of respiration, Juzam, piles,
-disorders of mucus. The dried fruit increases knowledge, causes bile,
-and the growth of hair. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb110" href=
-"#pb110" name="pb110">110</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p647" class="par"><span class="parNum">647</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shunphopee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1606;&#1662;&#1729;&#1608;&#1662;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of Baer; is emetic, and <span class="corr" id="xd24e13744" title=
-"Source: benefical">beneficial</span> in disorders of mucus and
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p648" class="par"><span class="parNum">648</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shungirf</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1606;&#1711;&#1585;&#1601;</span>.&mdash;The red
-sulphuret of mercury. A. <i>Shingerf</i>; sweet and bitter; useful in
-fever and mucus, also fever from excess of mucus, wind and bile. It is
-called also <i>Ingoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p649" class="par"><span class="parNum">649</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sholie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for wild
-turmeric; pungent, sweet, and bitter; increases appetite, but vitiates
-taste.</p>
-<p id="p650" class="par"><span class="parNum">650</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1608;&#1585;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Nitras Potass&aelig;.
-Nitrate of Potash. <i>Yavakshara</i>, S. A. <i>Ubkur</i>. Aperient;
-increases bile. In the Dhara Shekoi, it is said, that one dram of
-Shora, of the refined sort, pounded and enclosed in two plantains for a
-night, and given in affections of the spleen and Badgola, and repeated
-for three or four days, will cure the disease. If bruised and applied
-to piles, it will remove them. As a refrigerant and diuretic in
-gonorrh&oelig;a, I have found it very beneficial. It has been given in
-suppression of urine to the <i>Emperor Akber</i>, with great
-success.</p>
-<p id="p651" class="par"><span class="parNum">651</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shetoot</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1610;&#1578;&#1608;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A name for the
-mulberry.</p>
-<p id="p652" class="par"><span class="parNum">652</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shehut</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1729;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;Also Shehud. A. <i>Assil</i>,
-&ldquo;Honey.&rdquo; Vide Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p653" class="par"><span class="parNum">653</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheeta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1610;&#1578;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Doob</i>
-grass.</p>
-<p id="p654" class="par"><span class="parNum">654</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheesha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1610;&#1588;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;Resembling Kaley in
-properties. A. <i>Asserab</i>.</p>
-<p id="p655" class="par"><span class="parNum">655</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheeshum</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1610;&#1588;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;Also
-<i>Seeshum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p656" class="par"><span class="parNum">656</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheobogun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1588;&#1610;&#1608;&#1576;&#1729;&#1608;&#1711;&#1729;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Bael</i>, from the word <i>Mahadeo</i>, who is called
-&ldquo;<i>Sheo</i>,&rdquo; and <i>Bogun</i>, which signifies
-&ldquo;ornament.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="ain" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1593;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p657" class="par first"><span class="parNum">657</span>
-<span class="sc">Abbasie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1593;&#1576;&#1575;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Mirabilis
-Jalappa, W. <i>Gul Abbas</i>, H. The root is a mild and efficient
-purgative, equal, if not superior, to the common jalap.&rdquo; A very
-common shrub, used by Dr. McNabb, as a purgative; its flower is of a
-red color and very beautiful, and there are some yellow and white, and
-variegated; it grows about a yard high or even more; its leaves are
-triangular, and about two inches long. A pickle is made from the root,
-and the flower is dressed and eaten with meat. The leaves are
-suppurating. It is generally understood that the <i>root</i>, when old,
-is the <i>Choobcheenee</i>, but this is not the case, though it
-resembles it, or that kind called <i>Kutai</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="ghain" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1594;</span></h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb111" href="#pb111" name=
-"pb111">111</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p658" class="par"><span class="parNum">658</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghoghaie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1608;&#1594;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A bird called in
-A. <i>Asphoor</i>. It resembles the turtle-dove, and derives its name
-from the great noise it makes. It is also called <i>Pukherie</i>, but
-this is a general name for wild fowl.</p>
-<p id="p659" class="par"><span class="parNum">659</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowreh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1608;&#1585;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;All kinds of green
-fruit.</p>
-<p id="p660" class="par"><span class="parNum">660</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghafis</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1575;&#1601;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;Hemp; <i>Agrimony</i>;
-deobstruent; dose one miskal.</p>
-<p id="p661" class="par"><span class="parNum">661</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The laurel; discutient and
-attenuant; dose half miskal.</p>
-<p id="p662" class="par"><span class="parNum">662</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghasool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1575;&#1587;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Glasswort;
-Hindooi, <i>Chook</i>; P. <i>Ghasul</i>; hot and dry; detergent and
-caustic; dose half direm.</p>
-<p id="p663" class="par"><span class="parNum">663</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghareekoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1575;&#1585;&#1610;&#1602;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;<i>Agaric</i>;
-deobstruent, vermifuge, cathartic; dose one or two danas.</p>
-<p id="p664" class="par"><span class="parNum">664</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghirb</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1594;&#1585;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;The mountain pine, drying.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="kaf" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1548; &#1711;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p665" class="par first"><span class="parNum">665</span>
-<span class="sc">Kakjunga</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1705;
-&#1580;&#1606;&#1711;&#1729;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Cool, but some say
-hot, and dry in the 2nd degree; it is vermifuge, and useful in an
-over-loaded stomach, in poisons, mucus, and eruptions from suffusion of
-bile; also in fevers. It also obtains the name of <i>Misie</i>.
-<i>Rijel ul Ghorab</i>, A. <i>Tokhem Khelal Kheleel</i>, P.</p>
-<p id="p666" class="par"><span class="parNum">666</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kans</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A shrub with a white
-flower, of a downy kind; cures suppression of urine or dysuria, heat of
-the body, disorders of blood, bile, and hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p667" class="par"><span class="parNum">667</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kakolie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Its
-properties resemble <i>Jirkakolie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p668" class="par"><span class="parNum">668</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kaksaag</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1705;
-&#1587;&#1575;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;Aperient, and promotes appetite;
-cures disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p669" class="par"><span class="parNum">669</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kasmerie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1587;&#1605;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Kasmuroo</i>, or <i>Kasmurga</i>, or <i>Kasheera</i>. It is hot;
-heavy; cures fever, pains in the bowels, and its flower is astringent
-and beneficial in eruptions from diffusion of bile. It is an ingredient
-in many formul&aelig;. It prevents the approach of old age, strengthens
-all the animal functions, and is aphrodisiac and diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p670" class="par"><span class="parNum">670</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanjee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1580;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Increases the
-secretion of milk; cures disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It is the
-vinegar of Hindostan. It restores prostrated strength from fatigue,
-removes pains in the bowels and flatulence, and remedies costiveness.
-The method of preparing it is thus. A little Zeera and Saslie are put
-on the fire till they produce a smoke, an earthen vessel is then placed
-over them <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb112" href="#pb112" name=
-"pb112">112</a>]</span>in an inverted position to receive the smoke.
-Then into this is put mustard, salt, adjwain, and <span class="corr"
-id="xd24e14085" title="Source: cummin">cumin</span> seed, with warm
-water; the mouth of the vessel is then tied up in a cloth, and placed
-in the sun till it becomes sour. In the hot-weather it is quickly
-prepared; the older it is, the better for medicinal purposes.</p>
-<p id="p671" class="par"><span class="parNum">671</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrohun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1575;&#1608;&#1585;&#1608;&#1580;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine found in the gall-bladder of a cow, and is but seldom met
-with. It is beneficial in affections of the mesenteric glands of
-children; in the quantity of two soorkhi it is purgative. It is also
-beneficial in flatulent swellings. If boiled in water and used for some
-time, it will cure epilepsy. It is only found in those cows the
-descendants of those herded by Khrishna.</p>
-<p class="par">It is often counterfeited, but the real kind is clearer
-than the spurious.</p>
-<p id="p672" class="par"><span class="parNum">672</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kath</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1578;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Acacia Catechu, W.
-<i>Kayar</i>, H. <i>Khadira</i>, S. Mimosa Catechu, Woodville.&rdquo;
-Called also Kuth. It is cool and vermifuge; strengthens the teeth;
-cures seminal weakness, fever, white leprosy, swellings, eruptions from
-bile, marasmus, Juzam, and mucous disorders. The gum is sweet and
-aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system. That made from the pith of the
-Khaer, is useful in boils and eruptions, affections of the mouth, and
-disorders of mucus and blood. It also removes ptyalism.</p>
-<p id="p673" class="par"><span class="parNum">673</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kakra Singie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;&#1585;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;&#1711;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;It
-is crooked like a ram&rsquo;s horn; small and red, with a tinge of
-black, and its pod is hollow; it is bitter, astringent, hot, and
-promotes appetite, and restores the color of the skin changed from
-foulness of blood; allays vomiting and thirst; cures fever and
-disorders of mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough, and eructation,
-also piles and dysentery. It is said to be hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree. It likewise cures wind and hoarseness, and creates appetite;
-and it is useful, if retained in the mouth, as a relief to cough from
-phlegm; a little of it given to children at the breast, mixed with
-honey, increases their strength and removes emaciation.</p>
-<p id="p674" class="par"><span class="parNum">674</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanakutchoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1575;&#1603;&#1670;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;Brought
-from Cashmere, and held in great esteem in that country. Its taste is
-saltish and sweet, and it is used dressed with meat; some call it
-<i>Samaroogh</i>, but the latter is a creeper and does not produce
-seed. The fruit is about <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb113" href=
-"#pb113" name="pb113">113</a>]</span>half the size of an egg, and is
-suspended from the plant, which is of a white color, and grows during
-the rains in the jungles, and loves the vicinity of running water. It
-is also called <i>Neerkoombie</i>. It is found sometimes amongst ruins,
-but those that grow in the jungles are to be preferred. The lower
-classes of Indians use it as food, and as such it is grateful. It is
-useful in affections of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p675" class="par"><span class="parNum">675</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kagphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1711;&#1662;&#1729;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Kagtoondie</i>. &ldquo;Strychnos Nux Vomica, W.&rdquo; &ldquo;I have
-heard that it grows very common about Midnapoor or Cuttack; several
-seeds or nuts are enclosed in one pod, which in size is about that of a
-horse <span class="corr" id="xd24e14158" title=
-"Source: chesnut">chestnut</span>, the seeds are surrounded in the pod
-by a glutinous matter. It is said to be useful in paralysis, but has
-seldom been given beyond six grains in the
-day.&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;Trans.&rdquo; It has obtained its name from
-being poison to the crow. Kag being the name of a crow, and phill, a
-nut A. <i>Hubbool Girab</i>; for the same reason. It is not well
-ascertained whether it is a seed or root, but it looks like a seed. It
-is equally uncertain whether it is cool or hot; it is brownish, inside
-white; it is round, and its shell very hard; steeped in water it
-becomes soft, and its shell can be removed; it is then rasped down and
-pounded, and kept in a state of powder or electuary for use. It
-strengthens the system; cures disorders of wind; blackens white hair;
-but its constant use produces palsy. It is an active poison; its
-correctors are drinking fresh milk, producing vomiting, and taking
-soup, oily or fatty substances<span class="corr" id="xd24e14165" title=
-"Source: ,">.</span> If externally applied to discolorations of the
-skin, <i>daad</i>, pains, &amp;c. it will be found beneficial. It is
-said in the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, to be excellent in cholics from wind.
-It is in my opinion hot, but as it is a strong poison, it is better not
-to use it: if given as a medicine, its correctors ought to be given
-with it.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also mentioned among aphrodisiac medicines, and
-will be found a powerful one, should it agree with the stomach. In
-India its name is <i>Koochela</i>.</p>
-<p id="p676" class="par"><span class="parNum">676</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gajur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1575;&#1586;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Daucus Carota,
-W.&rdquo; The carrot; sweet to the taste, and equally hot and cold in
-its effects; it creates appetite, produces costiveness, cures eruptions
-from suffusion of bile; is useful in piles, is lithontriptic, and
-beneficial in mucous disorders <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb114"
-href="#pb114" name="pb114">114</a>]</span>and wind. A. <i>Gazur</i>. I
-have found it excellent when roasted in an oven; the thin external rind
-and heart removed, and ate with rose-water, and <i>Bedemoosk</i>, in
-depression of spirits, and as a cardiac. Its distilled water is also
-equally effectual. Its virtues are described in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p677" class="par"><span class="parNum">677</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kaiphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1729;&#1604;</span> or <i>Kutphill</i>. It is bitter,
-astringent, and pungent, cures disorders of mucus and wind, fevers,
-difficulty of breathing, seminal weakness, piles, cough, and all
-affections of the throat.</p>
-<p id="p678" class="par"><span class="parNum">678</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanch</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1670;</span>
-or <i>Kaatch</i>; light; reduces corpulence; cures boils and eruptions,
-and strengthens the eyes. It is also called <i>Zejage</i>.</p>
-<p id="p679" class="par"><span class="parNum">679</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalizeerie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;
-&#1586;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nigella Indica, Roxb.
-<i>Musavi</i>, S. Sp. ch. annual, petals entire, pistils five, length
-of the stamina, leaves decompound, exterior lip of the nectary ovate,
-and deeply two-cleft, interior entire and acute. Roxb. MS.&rdquo; A
-seed of a black color, twice as long as the zeerie, and about twice the
-breadth; also named <i>Kurdmana</i> though improperly. It is used as
-medicine for horses; it is hot, increases the digestive powers, and is
-useful in all swellings.</p>
-<p id="p680" class="par"><span class="parNum">680</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kasht</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1588;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;Very hard. A kind of
-sugar-cane.</p>
-<p id="p681" class="par"><span class="parNum">681</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kangeerug</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;&#1594;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kakeerun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p682" class="par"><span class="parNum">682</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalseenbie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1604;&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1576;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kalyseeb</i>; hot and heavy; cures disorders of mucus and
-bile, also <span class="corr" id="xd24e14278" title=
-"Corrected by author from: symptoms">disorders</span> in the mouth.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">683</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kansi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Rooie</i>;
-heavy, hot, and aperient; strengthens the eyes and cures bilious and
-mucous disorders.</p>
-<p id="p684" class="par"><span class="parNum">684</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kathmanda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1657;&#1729;&#1577;&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Lisanus sowr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p685" class="par"><span class="parNum">685</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalakora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e14317" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name for
-<i>Kirra Inderjow</i>.</p>
-<p id="p686" class="par"><span class="parNum">686</span> <span class=
-"sc">Katchloon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1670;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Muschookoonia</i>, also named <i>Kuphaiena</i>, or
-<i>Mylhoolrejaje</i>. Its taste is rough; increases bile, decreases
-mucus, and useful in splenitis. It is laxative, removes specs, and
-opacities of the cornea. It dries the stomach, and externally is useful
-in all kinds of itch.</p>
-<p id="p687" class="par"><span class="parNum">687</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kastipadile</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1588;&#1657;&#1662;&#1575;&#1583;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Padill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p688" class="par"><span class="parNum">688</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalesur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1587;&#1585;</span> or
-<i>Kulesur</i>; a plant, its leaves and sprigs very thin and small, it
-is sold in a dried state. It is like the <i>Badsingbose</i>. Its fruit
-is like the <i>Baer</i>, but a little larger, of <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb115" href="#pb115" name="pb115">115</a>]</span>a
-clay color or greenish. It is of two kinds, white and black, both
-oleaginous and sweet, heavy, increases semen, cures disorders of the
-three secretions, fevers, disorders of the vagina, dropsy, and it is
-astringent in its properties. The black kind increases appetite.</p>
-<p id="p689" class="par"><span class="parNum">689</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanghi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1729;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Cool,
-pungent; sweetish to the taste; strengthens the system, clears the
-color of the skin; is astringent, flatulent; useful in affections of
-the mouth and hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p690" class="par"><span class="parNum">690</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kandagolhi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1711;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of onion, used by the weavers of cloth, from which circumstance it
-has derived its name (&ldquo;Squills?&rdquo;)<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e14397" title="Not in source">.</span> It is like the common
-onion, but four times as large; it grows in the jungles, and in A. is
-called <i>Unsul</i>; its properties are described in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p691" class="par"><span class="parNum">691</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1575;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Cool, light,
-anti-aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of the eyes; cures heat of
-the body, bad taste in the mouth; removes corpulence and swellings of
-the body, disorders from poison, and clears the brain. A.
-<i>Kaphoor</i>. It is of four kinds: <i>Poonasir</i>,
-<i>Bheemseejnie</i>, <i>Saasdaie</i> and <i>Bhaskur</i>, the medicinal
-properties of all are the same. &ldquo;Laurus Camphora.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p692" class="par"><span class="parNum">692</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kupoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The same as above; also
-called <i>Khesia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p693" class="par"><span class="parNum">693</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoorbile</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-flower; its leaves and root resembling the saffron flower; it is
-brought from Europe.</p>
-<p id="p694" class="par"><span class="parNum">694</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goobrowla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1576;&#1585;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span> also
-<i>Goobreyla</i>. A. <i>Khumfusa</i>. P. <i>Jaab</i>. It is described
-in all Yunani works.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">695</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapithar Jug</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1610;&#1578;
-&#1607;&#1585;&#1580;&#1608;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Soorinjan</i>; pungent, cool, and dry; increases general heat and
-bile; cures disorders of blood and mucus; also removes <i>daad</i>; is
-vermifuge, and is an antidote to poison.</p>
-<p id="p696" class="par"><span class="parNum">696</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kupass</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1575;&#1587;</span>
-or <i>Kurpass</i>. &ldquo;Gossypium herbaceum.&rdquo; It is sweet, hot,
-and light; cures disorders of wind; it is the cotton tree; some call it
-cool. Its seed increases the secretion of animal milk, removes bile,
-mucus, heat, thirst, fatigue, epilepsy, &amp;c. The wild species is
-cool, and increases the acuteness of taste and cures ulcers. It is also
-called <i>Karis</i> or <i>Karpassie</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kupass</i> is the cotton tree; hot and moist; cures
-asthma, cough, costiveness; loosens the chest. The cotton burnt and
-applied to <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb116" href="#pb116" name=
-"pb116">116</a>]</span>ulcers, dries them up, blown into the nose stops
-bleeding; also bleeding of the gums. Should any one have eaten dhatura,
-and become insensible, four direms of the seeds bruised in water, and
-given to drink will remove the cause. It is also an antidote to the
-poison of opium, bhang, snakes, the root of dhatura, scorpions, &amp;c.
-in the quantity of seven direms.</p>
-<p id="p697" class="par"><span class="parNum">697</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kubab Cheenee</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1576;&#1575;&#1576;
-&#1670;&#1610;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;It is pungent and bitter;
-promotes digestion; increases appetite; improves the taste; cures
-affections of wind, phlegm, paralysis of the tongue, and clears the
-voice. &ldquo;Cubebs, <i>Piper Cubeba</i>, Murr.&rdquo; Excellent in
-gonorrh&oelig;a virulenta.</p>
-<p id="p698" class="par"><span class="parNum">698</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoor Kutcherie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;
-&#1603;&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Saaltie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p699" class="par"><span class="parNum">699</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1662;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Ispurka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p700" class="par"><span class="parNum">700</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuthael</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1729;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Artocarpus
-Integrifolia (Roxb.)&rdquo; A fruit of India, very common, of a green
-color like <i>Shukena</i>, from half a yard to a yard in length, and
-about half a yard in thickness. On opening it is found a pulp of a
-saffron color, of a mucilaginous nature, inclining to gummy. The tree
-is like that of the walnut, but I suspect the Kuthael is much the
-largest and the leaves much less. The smell of the flower is sweet. The
-fruit is taken from the tree before it is ripe, covered with lime and
-thus brought to maturity. It cures disorders of bile and wind,
-strengthens the system, and is aphrodisiac; it cures eruptions from
-diffused bile, and is slow of digestion; it induces costiveness, is
-useful in disorders of the chest, increases semen and allays thirst.
-Its seeds are astringent and sweet, and increase wind, they are hurtful
-if ate on an empty stomach. Its corrector is its seed. Some have said,
-that the fruit when allowed to ripen on the tree is the best, and that
-the forced kind is cool.</p>
-<p id="p701" class="par"><span class="parNum">701</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kootki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A small root,
-&ldquo;Justicia Ganderussa,&rdquo; brought from the hills; it is of a
-grey colour and full of knots; bitter to the taste, during digestion;
-pungent, cool, and drying. It is light and aperient; cures bilious,
-mucous, and feverish disorders, difficulty of breathing, heart-burn,
-and heat of body. It is also vermifuge; the dose 4 direms.</p>
-<p id="p702" class="par"><span class="parNum">702</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1578;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-sugar-cane; it is thin, cool, and heavy; cures diffusion of bile and
-<i>Rajiroge</i>. The leaves of one <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb117"
-href="#pb117" name="pb117">117</a>]</span>kind are like needles,
-another much larger, a third of a middling size: all are astringent,
-and after meals produce heart-burn, and wind; they cure disorders of
-mucus and bile, but cause heat in the chest and flatulence. Its
-correction is being boiled in water, or roasted in hot ashes. When
-washed in water it becomes less flatulent, and cures disordered
-secretions, increases the bulk of the solids, and is diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p703" class="par"><span class="parNum">703</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuteera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Echinops
-echinatus, (Roxb.)&rdquo; The globe-thistle, or <i>Kuragond</i>. Cool;
-increases consistence of semen; beneficial in gonorrh&oelig;a; lessens
-aphrodisia. If two mashas be infused in water for a night, well mixed
-and taken with sherbet of <i>Unjewar</i>, or by itself, it will be
-found effectual in vomiting of blood, in gonorrh&oelig;a, and itchiness
-of the urinary bladder.</p>
-<p id="p704" class="par"><span class="parNum">704</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The white kind;
-it is a species of the small <i>Kutai</i>; the flower of the large kind
-is red. The small is bitter and pungent; hot and useful in wind, bile
-and disorders of the liver, difficulty of voiding urine, in torpor of
-the olfactory nerves; is vermifuge, and cures affections of the heart.
-The large kind is called Beretta, already noticed, also called
-<i>Kuntai</i>.</p>
-<p id="p705" class="par"><span class="parNum">705</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutoonbur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1608;&#1606;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Cucumis
-Madraspatanas.&rdquo; A kind of <i>Kutchim</i> (species of melon);
-sweet and hot, vide <i>Baluka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p706" class="par"><span class="parNum">706</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutputrie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1657;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Hot and astringent; useful
-in disorders of the organs of generation of the female; its fruit cool
-and aphrodisiac, and produces a discharge of wind.</p>
-<p id="p707" class="par"><span class="parNum">707</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1657;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Catechu, Terra
-Japonica, Acacia Catechu?&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p708" class="par"><span class="parNum">708</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchnar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1606;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Bauhinia
-variegata.&rdquo; One kind of which is called Gobdar; the leaves of the
-<i>Kutchnar</i> are green and variegated with veins, and they resemble
-the junction of two leaves, indeed a separation does sometimes exist.
-The tree resembles the mulberry, and is even larger, but considerably
-so in diameter; both kinds are cool, astringent; produce costiveness;
-cure disorders of mucus and bile; are vermifuge; destroy worms in the
-rectum; useful in the virulent ulcer called Kunzeer, also in all
-eruptions and boils. Its flower is cool, dry, light, and astringent;
-cures disorders of bile, and corrects an excess in the menstrual
-discharge; beneficial in piles, wounds, ulcers, and cough. The tree is
-called by the above name, but it is usually <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb118" href="#pb118" name=
-"pb118">118</a>]</span>given to the flower only. I have found it
-beneficial to the stomach, in removing laxativeness of the bowels, and
-in bleeding piles. A decoction of its bark forms an excellent gargle in
-ptyalism from mercury or bela.</p>
-<p id="p709" class="par"><span class="parNum">709</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Arum
-Colocasia.&rdquo; An esculent root, vide <i>Aroie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p710" class="par"><span class="parNum">710</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudjpepullie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1670;
-&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Also
-<i>Gudjpeepul</i>; a round fruit, 4 times as large as that of the
-peepul, and very much resembles it; it is bitter, hot; increases
-appetite; induces costiveness; cures Juzam, difficulty of breathing,
-affections of the throat, is vermifuge, and useful in disorders of wind
-and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p711" class="par"><span class="parNum">711</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchua</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;P.
-<i>Sungpoosht</i> or <i>Bah&aacute;</i>. A. <i>Silhafat</i>.&rdquo;
-&ldquo;The Turtle.&rdquo; Its meat is moist and aphrodisiac, and is
-useful in disorders of wind. It is related, that in cases of great
-difficulty of respiration from affections of the lungs or
-bronchi&aelig;, much benefit has been derived from inhaling the breath
-of the turtle. Its eggs, mixed with water and applied hot to the
-scrotum, removes disorders, to which it may be subjected.</p>
-<p id="p712" class="par"><span class="parNum">712</span> <span class=
-"sc">Coochilla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Kagphill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p713" class="par"><span class="parNum">713</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutcherie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;(Cucumis
-Madraspatanas;) sweet, hot, light, and soft; creates appetite;
-increases bile. It is called <i>Dustumboieya</i>, vide <i>Phoot</i>.
-There is another fruit which bears this name, it is a creeper, found in
-fields, like the <i>Kunoorie</i> fruit; it is pungent, bitter; assists
-digestion, and increases appetite. In my opinion, it is hot; it is
-eaten cut in half, and fried with salt and oil, and greatly relished.
-It is thus also rendered more active in its properties. It is used both
-ripe and unripe; when used with meat, the later is easily rendered
-tender. It forms an ingredient in all stomachic powders in India.</p>
-<p id="p714" class="par"><span class="parNum">714</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1670;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Curcuma
-Zerumbet, (Roxb.)&rdquo; Of three kinds: large, male, and female. The
-large kind is also called <i>Nerkuchoor</i>, and the simple word
-<i>Kutchoor</i> is generally applied to the female; the third kind is
-called <i>Kaphoor Kutcherie</i>. The <i>Nerkutchoor</i> is also called
-<i>Zerambeed</i>. The three kinds possess nearly the same properties.
-It is hot, light; creates appetite; cures Juzam, piles, boils, wounds,
-difficulty of breathing, Badgola, disorders of wind, and mucus, and is
-vermifuge. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb119" href="#pb119" name=
-"pb119">119</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p715" class="par"><span class="parNum">715</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kudum</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1583;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nauclea Orientalis, or
-<i>Kudum</i>, and another kind called <i>Mohoonut</i>; also one kind
-named <i>Dhoul Kudum</i>, and <i>Bhoom Kudum</i>.&rdquo; The leaves and
-flower resemble the walnut tree; all kinds are cool, and are useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.</p>
-<p id="p716" class="par"><span class="parNum">716</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet,
-during digestion bitter. It is light, strengthens the system, and
-increases bile and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p717" class="par"><span class="parNum">717</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudloon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1583;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Hot, light;
-cures disorders of wind and mucus. Is aperient and diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p718" class="par"><span class="parNum">718</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goodhul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1583;&#1607;&#1604;</span>
-<i>Citron</i>.&mdash;Has a flower like the poppy, and many leaves; its
-leaves are like the mulberry, and it flowers every alternate year. Its
-fruit is like the apple; when unripe, green, and acid, with a little
-bitterness; but when fully ripe, and it has become yellow, the
-bitterness does not remain; it also becomes red and sweet, but if it
-remain long on the tree it again assumes a greenish hue. The tree is
-like the lime tree with broad leaves. The people of India have an idea,
-that if the flowers be kept in the house they produce quarrelling and
-strife; the flowers are used in lowness of spirits arising from heat.
-It is said, that the root of this and also that of the <i>Kunaer</i>
-are very intoxicating. If boiled in milk, and this curdled, it is
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p719" class="par"><span class="parNum">719</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The flower of the
-above; it has four leaves, and is white before it opens; it is shaped
-like an arrow-head; it has a sweet perfume, and as such is used; a
-distilled water is also made from it and an essential oil. The water is
-called Arukbahar, and is hot and dry, and used in weakness of the
-brain; also as an aphrodisiac; creating appetite and elevating the
-spirits; also in pains of the chest, in cholics from wind, and
-delirium.</p>
-<p class="par">A little of it commenced with and constantly used for
-seven days, with a little sugar, is beneficial in affections of the
-spleen; it is used in Aniseed water as a lithontriptic; in an empty
-stomach for the bleeding piles. It is used with musk, &amp;c. to
-perfume hooka snakes. The author of the Topha says, that this is the
-bud of the Naringi, and that the distilled water of that is called
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e14854" title=
-"Source: Arukbuhar">Arukbahar</span>; but in my opinion they are
-distinct varieties, and in this part of the country they distil from
-all. <i>Goodhul</i> is the name of the tree, <i>Kuth</i> that of the
-fruit, and <i>Kurna</i> that of the flower. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb120" href="#pb120" name="pb120">120</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p720" class="par"><span class="parNum">720</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karownda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Also
-<i>Kirmidie</i>, and a kind of this <i>Khristnphill</i>; the first kind
-is red and white, second is white and black, and the third entirely
-black, therefore called <i>Kristnphil</i>, from being of the color of
-the god Kristna. Its flower is like the Jui; when unripe it is hot,
-heavy, and acid; produces mucus and diffusion of bile: when ripe it is
-sweet and less acid, light; creates appetite, and cures disorders of
-wind and bile. &ldquo;Carissa Carandas.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p721" class="par"><span class="parNum">721</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kareyl</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Capparis, the
-Caper plant,&rdquo; or <i>Kareyr</i>. A tree without leaves, its
-branches rise from the root, and are very numerous. It grows about the
-height of the <i>Baer</i>. It has numerous flowers, small and
-three-leaved. Its flowers are boiled and eaten; its fruit made into
-pickles in salt-water and oil; its fruit is at first green, then it
-becomes red, and lastly black; they are about the size of the Karownda;
-they are bitter, pungent, hot, aperient; useful in mucous disorders,
-wind, boils, eruptions, swellings, as an antidote to poisons, and in
-piles. Its flowers are beneficial in disorders of mucus and bile. My
-father always recommended them in disorders arising from cold. In
-consequence of their heating quality, they are useful in affections of
-the joints. P. <i>Amghyllyan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p722" class="par"><span class="parNum">722</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karunj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1606;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;From the
-&ldquo;<i>Moojerrabad Akberi</i>.&rdquo; The name of a large tree, the
-leaves like the lime tree, the fruit like the tamarind, but smaller; it
-is hot, and discusses swellings and all pains arising from cold; useful
-in lumbago, in strokes of the wind, and it is used as a fomentation in
-the above disorders.</p>
-<p id="p723" class="par"><span class="parNum">723</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gurehri</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A fruit
-of India, produced in the hot season; it is a nut of a black color, and
-shining appearance, about the length of the <i>Jamalgota</i>, but a
-little thinner; the kernel is white, and is ate with salt and
-<i>peepul</i>, and much esteemed. It induces costiveness, is
-aphrodisiac, and thickens semen.</p>
-<p id="p724" class="par"><span class="parNum">724</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishndaan</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1588;&#1606;
-&#1583;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice; in its properties
-and excellence like the <i>Saatie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p725" class="par"><span class="parNum">725</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurwanuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1608;&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;The name
-of a common bird; its meat is sweet and pleasant to the taste. It
-frequents the banks of rivers and jungles, but the river kind is nearly
-twice the size of the other. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb121" href=
-"#pb121" name="pb121">121</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p726" class="par"><span class="parNum">726</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geerguth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1585;&#1711;&#1657;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;(Chameleon.)
-A. <i>Heerbah</i>, Un. <i>Kalamunder</i>, P. <i>Aftabperust</i>. It
-resembles the lizard in its appearance. It has a long tail, and
-frequently changes its color.</p>
-<p id="p727" class="par"><span class="parNum">727</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurkura</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1603;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;(Ardea Virgo.) A
-species of paddy-bird, called also <i>Kurkhuraa</i>; its flesh
-increases corpulency; is aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system.</p>
-<p id="p728" class="par"><span class="parNum">728</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurinjua</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1606;&#1580;&#1608;&#1575;</span> or
-<i>Korinjeka</i>, or <i>Kurinjee</i>. &ldquo;Guilandina Bonduccella,
-Linn. C&aelig;salpinia Bonduccella. Roxb. <i>Kutkuleja</i>, H. An
-excellent tonic, and infallible in the cure of intermittents, when
-combined with a decoction of <i>Chereyta</i>. Dose one seed, mixed with
-pepper, which may be repeated every three hours.&rdquo; A seed, or
-rather nut, hard and shining; it is of a blue or greenish color; light,
-round, and thick, like the <i>Majoo</i>; when shaken near the ear the
-kernel is found loose, and when broken, this is found whitish, like the
-<i>Mukhana</i>. Its shrub grows to the height of a man, more or less,
-&ldquo;but if supported, will run much higher. It is covered with very
-sharp prickles, and makes the best fence in the world perhaps.&rdquo;
-It is hot; cures piles; is vermifuge, useful in Juzam, and its leaves
-are beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood. A.
-<i>Ektumkut</i>. P. <i>Khayeblees</i>. Leaves used as a fomentation in
-rheumatic pains.</p>
-<p id="p729" class="par"><span class="parNum">729</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurwara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1681;&#1608;&#1575;&#1681;&#1575;</span> or
-<i>Kurwala</i>. A name for <i>Amultas</i>; P. <i>Phuloos</i>. A.
-<i>Khiarshimber</i>. Discutient, aperient, and laxative. See Yunani
-works.</p>
-<p id="p730" class="par"><span class="parNum">730</span> <span class=
-"sc">Korund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Sunadudje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p731" class="par"><span class="parNum">731</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goor</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1681;</span>.&mdash;It
-is sweet to the taste and a little pungent; light, aperient; creates
-appetite; increases bile and swellings of the body; produces worms and
-cures disorders of wind; strengthens the system; is diuretic and
-cardiac. P. <i>Kund Sia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p732" class="par"><span class="parNum">732</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurr</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Carthamus
-Tinctoria.</i>&rdquo; A name of <i>Masphir</i> or <i>Kussumb</i>. P.
-<i>Kussukdana</i>. A. <i>Koortub</i>. It is of a white color like peas,
-and a little pointed; it is very common; removes phlegm, and is
-aperient.</p>
-<p id="p733" class="par"><span class="parNum">733</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Momordica
-Charantia.&rdquo; A common culinary fruit, of a green or yellowish
-color, and encloses numerous seeds. It is about two or three inches
-long, and very irregular in the surface. It is in its properties cool
-and light; some say <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb122" href="#pb122"
-name="pb122">122</a>]</span>hot and heavy, and some call it equal. It
-is pungent and laxative; beneficial in piles, eruptions of the mouth,
-disorders of the blood, jaundice, panroque, phlegm, seminal weakness,
-and it is vermifuge. Its name is said to be Kassaul hemar. In my
-opinion it is very drying, by reason of its heating quality: when
-dressed with onions, it is less heavy as food. It has the effect of
-strengthening the stomach weakened from cold. Its root taken,
-commencing with one masha and increasing to seven, will cure the
-venereal disease. The wild kind is named Kaarbellie. It is cool,
-bitter, light, and aperient; cures disorders of bile, blood, phlegm,
-black bile, jaundice, wind, marasmus, seminal weakness, and worms.
-Another kind of this produced in gardens is of a white color, and more
-long than the other; its coat is thin, and it is the best of all the
-varieties: there are many ways of dressing it, but with onions it is
-the best and most aphrodisiac; without onions, its effects are not so
-powerful, and it is less heating.</p>
-<p id="p734" class="par"><span class="parNum">734</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kirkund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1602;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The small Baer,
-called also Nazookbadun; it is moist and heavy; sweet, and cures
-disorders of bile and wind. It is also called Jhirberrie. There is a
-smaller kind, that is more sweet, and grows in gardens.</p>
-<p id="p735" class="par"><span class="parNum">735</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kora</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the <i>Inderjow</i> tree; it is very bitter and astringent;
-cool and dry; creates appetite; cures bilious disorders and foulness of
-blood, also disorders of mucus; and removes obstructions in the pylorus
-from viscid mucus; useful in indigestion and Juzam; restrains
-hemorrhage from piles and diarrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p736" class="par"><span class="parNum">736</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurni</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Mimusops
-Kauki.&rdquo; A fruit of the hills; pungently bitter and hot; cures
-disorders of bile and mucus, flatulence, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p737" class="par"><span class="parNum">737</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurrukphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1705;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bahira</i>.</p>
-<p id="p738" class="par"><span class="parNum">738</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishn Moolie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1588;&#1606;
-&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A black kind called
-<i>Kalesur</i>; it derives <span class="corr" id="xd24e15173" title=
-"Source: it">its</span> name from being a root of the color of
-<i>Krishna</i>.</p>
-<p id="p739" class="par"><span class="parNum">739</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishn Saarba</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1585;&#1588;&#1606;
-&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A black kind of
-<i>Saarba</i>.</p>
-<p id="p740" class="par"><span class="parNum">740</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussowndie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Kussownda</i>. The name of a tree of India; its branches commence
-from near the root and surround the stem, growing out from all sides of
-it. It grows about the thickness of a bambu, and in height that of a
-man. The leaves <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb123" href="#pb123"
-name="pb123">123</a>]</span>if rubbed have a disagreeable smell. Its
-seed-vessel is about a yard long, or even longer; it encloses small
-round seeds like <i>Sumach</i>, a little crooked. Its leaves are thick
-like <i>Kumerach</i>, but the latter are broad, whereas this is longer.
-The large kind is called <i>Kussownda</i>, the smaller
-<i>Kussowndie</i>; the leaves of both are nearly alike. It is hot,
-moist, and some say equal. It relieves the brain, and if the seed is
-washed and eaten, it will cure the effects of the scorpion&rsquo;s
-poison; and if the seed and leaves be ground in a mill, made into bread
-with flour, and eaten with sweet oil, it will cure night blindness;
-should any one have swallowed tiger&rsquo;s hair, pills made of the
-leaves, flower, and seed swallowed and vomiting produced, the hair will
-be discharged.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kussowndie</i> is a medicine of India, hot and dry;
-cures wind and loosens phlegm; useful in cough and disorders of the
-blood. 1&frac12; direms of its root with half direm of peepul eaten,
-will cure the poison of snakes or scorpions, or if rubbed on the bitten
-or stung part will give relief. It clears the voice, and if five direms
-of its leaves with one direm of peepul be bruised in water, and taken
-for seven days, during which period food without salt is eaten, it will
-cure Lues Venerea.</p>
-<p id="p741" class="par"><span class="parNum">741</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kusseroo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1587;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;</span> or <i>Kusseruk</i>.
-&ldquo;Cyperus Tuberosus.&rdquo; The root of a grass, black and full of
-hair, like bristles, found in the cold season. It is cool, sweet,
-heavy; used in disorders of bile, blood, and general heat; it induces
-costiveness, increases semen, phlegm, and wind, and allays thirst. If
-eaten with its outer rind, or only chewed, and the juice swallowed, it
-will be less heavy and hurtful; some bruise it and drink sherbet thus
-made with sugar, and it is thus more cooling and useful in cases of
-gonorrh&oelig;a, and the effects of hot winds, but in this case the
-outer rind must be removed.</p>
-<p id="p742" class="par"><span class="parNum">742</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kustooryea Mirg</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1587;&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;
-&#1605;&#1585;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;Its meat is sweet to the taste,
-light and flatulent, creating appetite; that of the female is cool:
-useful in fever, cough, disorders of blood, and difficulty of
-breathing. It is said to be common in Thibet and Bengal. It resembles
-the deer, and has two ridges on its back lengthways. Musk is procured
-from its abdomen in this manner: When it is ripe, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb124" href="#pb124" name="pb124">124</a>]</span>it
-produces itching about the navel, and the animal rubbing it on sharp
-pointed stones, causes it to discharge in the form of matter. This is
-the finest and best kind of musk, and the gentleman, with whom I was,
-received some of it every two years, from the <i>Rajah</i> of
-<i>Shirinaghur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p743" class="par"><span class="parNum">743</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussoombh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1587;&#1606;&#1576;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Masphir</i>. &ldquo;Artemisia Abrotanum.&rdquo; It is sweet, and
-very hot, and dry; light, and increases bile; cures disorders of blood,
-mucus, and suppression of urine.</p>
-<p id="p744" class="par"><span class="parNum">744</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kustoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1587;&#1578;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Bitter,
-hot, heavy, aphrodisiac; useful in colds, disorders of phlegm and wind;
-allays vomiting; removes swellings; corrects offensive breath and loss
-of smell. One kind of it is called <i>Lutta Kustoorie</i>, vide L.</p>
-<p id="p745" class="par"><span class="parNum">745</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1587;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Sulphas
-Ferri.&rdquo; A kind of <i>Zaaj</i>; astringent, cool; increases
-eye-sight, and clears the skin; vermifuge and an antidote to poisons;
-also a kind called <i>Heera Roopus</i>.</p>
-<p id="p746" class="par"><span class="parNum">746</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrownela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1603;&#1585;&#1608;&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-<i>Kurrownda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p747" class="par"><span class="parNum">747</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukora</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e15322" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1603;&#1602;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1603;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span></span>.&mdash;The fruit of a
-shrub of India, smaller than the Kurela; it has many hair-like fibres
-of a green colour over its surface, and it has numerous seeds. Its
-properties are the same as the <i>Kurela</i>. It is useful in that
-eruption which takes place on the face in puberty; beneficial in fever
-and phlegm, and creates appetite. One kind of it is called <i>Banje
-Kakora</i>. It is bitter, an antidote to poisons; useful in that
-eruption of the face called acne punctata. Its root is used in Zaerbad,
-in discussing swellings, and in the bites of all noxious reptiles, and
-it is also of benefit in cough. Some have said, that this is the wild
-<i>Kurela</i>, but this is not the fact, for the wild <i>Kurela</i> is
-essentially different and more resembles the garden sort.</p>
-<p id="p748" class="par"><span class="parNum">748</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Wild
-fowl.&rdquo; P. <i>Deek</i>. It is hot, moist, heavy, aphrodisiac; used
-in disorders of wind; is tonic; produces semen and increases mucus. Its
-flesh is astringent to the taste; dry and heavy; and those found near
-rivers are hot and aphrodisiac, and increase mucus.</p>
-<p id="p749" class="par"><span class="parNum">749</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1681;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;The female of
-the above. A. <i>Dejaje</i>: the properties the same.</p>
-<p id="p750" class="par"><span class="parNum">750</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1603;&#1681;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Cucumis
-Utilissimus.&rdquo; Unripe, it is sweet <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb125" href="#pb125" name="pb125">125</a>]</span>and cool, heavy,
-cardiac, and astringent. In my opinion it is aperient, creates
-appetite, and removes bilious disorders.</p>
-<p id="p751" class="par"><span class="parNum">751</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gugundool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1711;&#1606;
-&#1583;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The best kind of this is the
-<i>Kumbi</i>; it is eaten wasted in <i>ghee</i>, with salt and
-condiments.</p>
-<p id="p752" class="par"><span class="parNum">752</span> <span class=
-"sc">Googeerun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;&#1606;</span> or
-<i>Gugeeroo</i>. A plant from 1 to 1&frac12; yards high; the branches
-very thin, the leaves like the Nirkut; it is purgative, and when ripe,
-it is heavy; recommended in wind, blood, and affections of mouth.</p>
-<p id="p753" class="par"><span class="parNum">753</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrownda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1603;&#1585;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-common <i>Kurrownda</i>. The plant is half a yard or more in height,
-its leaves like the tobacco; but smaller. It has an offensive smell,
-much increased by being rubbed betwixt the finger; it grows near ruins
-or in waste places, and is found in the rains. It is a kind of
-<i>Bhangra</i>, and has the name of <i>Kokurbangra</i>; it is bitter,
-pungent; useful in fevers and disorders of the blood and mucus. If
-bruised in water, and the water given as a clyster to children, it will
-remove ascarides, and if three drops be dropped into each ear, it will
-cure intermittents. It is very beneficial in bleeding piles, both
-internally and externally. If one direm of the leaves be taken in
-water, and the bruised leaves applied to the piles, it will effect a
-cure.</p>
-<p id="p754" class="par"><span class="parNum">754</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gillo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Menispermum
-Glabrum,<span class="corr" id="xd24e15435" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span> (vide <i>Goorcha</i>,) or
-<i>Vaoutvellee</i> or <i>Imrutlutta</i>, or <i>Jurnasnie</i>, (a
-febrifuge,) or <i>Goorajie</i>, or <i>Goondunie</i>. It is bitter,
-astringent, and sweet, and in digestion hot, light; inducing
-costiveness; tonic; increases appetite; beneficial in jaundice and
-Juzam; also in acne, cracks in the skin, nausea, fevers, and bilious
-disorders. It forms an ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;. It has
-been said to be cold. In my opinion it is either, according as it is
-prescribed with other medicines. I have given it in continued fever, in
-the quantity of one direm, cut small and infused in water for a night,
-with great success. The Hindoos give a decoction of it in fevers. I
-have given it in various ways in gonorrh&oelig;a, as a tonic, an
-aphrodisiac, &amp;c. Take of Bunslochun and Sut Gillo, each one masha,
-mix and give in intermittents, or with cardamoms. My father used it in
-pills made up with conserve of roses, with great efficacy, in fevers of
-the continued kind; also with the whey of <i>Kasni</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb126" href="#pb126" name="pb126">126</a>]</span>Its
-powder is likewise used with tin in gonorrh&oelig;a, but I have written
-more of this in my other works. To make refined or <i>Sut
-Gillo</i>&mdash;</p>
-<p class="par">Take the <i>Gillo</i>, cut it in small pieces, and
-squeeze out the juice into a vessel, then add plain water, and strongly
-mix them together, let them remain thus for 24 hours, then throw away
-the clear water, and dry the precipitate for use.</p>
-<p id="p755" class="par"><span class="parNum">755</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gulhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1604;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nymphea
-Nilambo</i>, Linn. Nilumbium Speciosum, W.&rdquo; The flower of the
-<i>Kawul</i> (<i>Lotus</i>). It is cool, dry, heavy, and astringent,
-and shuts up the chest. The centre of the flower, or yellow
-fructification, is called <i>Kesur</i>, or <i>Kinjeluk</i>; it is cool;
-induces costiveness; useful in bleeding piles; also in disorders of
-bile and mucus. Its seed is usually called <i>Kawulgutta</i>; they are
-produced in the hot season; they are sweet, cool; beneficial in bilious
-disorders, foulness of blood, general heat, and increase mucus and
-wind. I have given them in the diarrh&oelig;a of infants, mixed with
-the water which they drank, with great benefit. The green part of the
-seed bruised in water, I have also given to children with great good
-effect in wind and diarrh&oelig;a. It is likewise given in eruptions of
-the mouth. The stem of the flower and root are cool and dry;
-aphrodisiac, astringent, and cure disorders of bile, blood, and general
-heat. The flowers are of two kinds: one opens to the sun, and
-accompanies him round as he moves, and shuts its leaves when he
-disappears; this is white, with a red tinge, six-leaved, the yellow
-centre fructification, in the shape of an inverted cone. Its seed is
-sweet and cool; clears the complexion; of use in disorders of mucus,
-bile, blood, thirst, general heat, Juzam, and blisters. It is an
-antidote to poisons, and beneficial in acne of all kinds.</p>
-<p class="par">The other kind has four leaves, of a white color, opens
-to the moon, and accompanies her, in progress, as the other does the
-sun; but does not shut on her disappearance. The red and blue kinds, if
-they have any degree of whiteness, are called <i>Komode</i> or
-<i>Komoodutti</i>; these names are in allusion to their property of
-flowering by the moon&rsquo;s influence, but they are more seldom met
-with. The blue is called also <i>Neeloofir</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb127" href="#pb127" name="pb127">127</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p756" class="par"><span class="parNum">756</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goolkhairoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1604;&#1582;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The
-marsh-mallow, or rather the mallow.</p>
-<p id="p757" class="par"><span class="parNum">757</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kulumbuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1604;&#1606;&#1576;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A tree of a
-heavy texture, much veined; it is commonly called <i>Mulugeer</i>, but
-this name is also applied to some kinds of lime.</p>
-<p id="p758" class="par"><span class="parNum">758</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kooleejan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1604;&#1610;&#1580;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Piper
-Betel.</i>&rdquo; The best kind is red, thick, and full of knots. It is
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree; it is cardiac; cures cholicks, pains in
-the kidnies; increases the strength of the digestive organs, useful in
-rheumatism of the joints, decreases the flow of urine; beneficial in
-epilepsy, headache; is aphrodisiac; and is proper for those having a
-superabundance of mucus. A little kept in the mouth will cure paralysis
-of the tongue; it clears the voice, and in the quantity of one direm
-with cow&rsquo;s milk taken, fasting, it is highly tonic and
-aphrodisiac. Its corrector is any oily substance or <i>Kuteera</i> (a
-gum).</p>
-<p id="p759" class="par"><span class="parNum">759</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koolunta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1604;&#1606;&#1657;&#1575;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e15561" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Satawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p760" class="par"><span class="parNum">760</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keloondha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the fruit of the <i>Mowa</i> tree.</p>
-<p id="p761" class="par"><span class="parNum">761</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kulownjee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1580;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Siadana</i>; expels wind and flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p762" class="par"><span class="parNum">762</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumode</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1605;&#1608;&#1583;</span>
-or <i>Komoodutti</i>, a kind of <i>Gulhar</i>. &ldquo;Rottlera
-tinctoria.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p763" class="par"><span class="parNum">763</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumruk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1605;&#1585;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Averrhoa
-Carambola</i>,&rdquo; or <i>Kumruka</i>. A large tree, with many
-pointed leaves, which when full grown are longer than the
-<i>Singtirra</i> leaf, of a green color and soft texture. The fruit is
-common and three-cornered; they are of an acid sweetness, and produced
-in the cold season, and make delicious sherbet; cool, astringent;
-useful in bile and wind, also in disorders of phlegm. From their
-acidity, the fruit are injurious to the tongue. This may be corrected
-by eating them with salt or lime<span class="corr" id="xd24e15629"
-title="Corrected by author from: , also">.</span></p>
-<p id="p764" class="par"><span class="parNum">764</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gumbhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1605;&#1576;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Sweet,
-hot, heavy, and produces wind; useful in disorders of bile, blood, and
-pains in the bowels, and induces costiveness. Its fruit is heavy and
-tonic; clears the hair of the head; increases seminal secretion; cures
-disorders of bile, wind, hectic fever, thirst, and foulness of the
-blood; is diuretic, and forms an ingredient in all famous
-prescriptions: called also <i>Gumbharie</i> or <i>Gumbheer</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb128" href="#pb128" name=
-"pb128">128</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p765" class="par"><span class="parNum">765</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nymph&aelig;a
-Nelumbo.&rdquo; A name of <i>Gulhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p766" class="par"><span class="parNum">766</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawulguth</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;
-&#1711;&#1657;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;The seed of the
-<i>Gulhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p767" class="par"><span class="parNum">767</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-orange, less strong, and of weaker properties than the
-<i>Sangtirra</i>; but in other respects the same; from its acid it
-removes stagnation of bile, and is useful in cough and asthma.</p>
-<p id="p768" class="par"><span class="parNum">768</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goond</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum
-grandiflorum?</i>&rdquo; The wild <i>Raibile</i>; the flower cool and
-light; used in disorders of bile and mucus, and in head-aches; an
-antidote to poisons, and communicates its perfume to any article from
-which oil is to be extracted, and gives the oil the quality of
-strengthening the brain, and of being useful in affections from cold.
-In my opinion, the flower is hot, as is also oil impregnated with its
-odour. If it is mixed or rubbed with oil, and used as an unguent in
-itch, it is equally effectual as the Chumbeley.</p>
-<p id="p769" class="par"><span class="parNum">769</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gunyar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1610;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A flower of
-India, possessing tonic properties; it strengthens the stomach; used in
-the cure of Juzam, boils, eruptions, disorders of the blood, swellings,
-and in cleansing ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p770" class="par"><span class="parNum">770</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunkole</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1603;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A seed
-resembling <i>Peepul</i>, only a little larger; it creates appetite; is
-hot; useful in affections of the heart, affections of wind and
-mucus.</p>
-<p id="p771" class="par"><span class="parNum">771</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koontukphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1657;&#1603;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Lukudj</i>, or
-<i>Burhael</i>; it is also called <i>Kuntukanta</i>, from its being
-very prickly.</p>
-<p id="p772" class="par"><span class="parNum">772</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kundurdolie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1672;&#1585;&#1672;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a plant, cool, light and astringent; useful in heat,
-feverishness, thirst, disorders of mucus, blood and bile, Juzam, and
-fever. It also softens iron.</p>
-<p id="p773" class="par"><span class="parNum">773</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koondoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1672;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A fruit
-like the <i>Pulwull</i>, of an oval shape. It is acid, grows as a
-creeper, and used as a culinary vegetable; useful in bilious disorders,
-foulness of blood, and general heat. Is emetic, and reduces corpulency.
-Induces costiveness, flatulence, and wind; also aphrodisiac. It is
-bitter, pungent; removes phlegm, and is an antidote to poisons. In my
-opinion, it is cool and moist, aperient; weakens the stomach, promotes
-absorption by increasing the tone of the absorbents, and expedites
-digestion.</p>
-<p id="p774" class="par"><span class="parNum">774</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kungni</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1711;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Kawurs</i>, <i>Sheerazee Kaal</i>. Cool and <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb129" href="#pb129" name=
-"pb129">129</a>]</span>bitter, dry and astringent, yet diuretic; but if
-boiled in milk, its drying quality will be corrected. It is very
-generally used as food. It increases the viscidity of mucus, and
-promotes a disposition to gravel. Its corrector is sugar. It is hurtful
-to the lungs; but here its corrector is Mustaghi. In its general
-properties, it comes near the <i>Cheena</i>; externally applied hot, it
-removes rheumatic pains. &ldquo;<i>Panicum Italicum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p775" class="par"><span class="parNum">775</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundheel</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Azkhir</i>, and some kinds called <i>Mirchiakund</i>. This is a
-common plant, about a yard high; its flowers sweet-scented: the
-properties of all are, I fancy, the same. It is astringent to the
-taste, and bitter during digestion; hot, useful in affections of the
-throat and heart, disorders of bile, blood, mucus, difficulty of
-breathing, cough, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p776" class="par"><span class="parNum">776</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Loonia</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p777" class="par"><span class="parNum">777</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunaer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1575;&#1610;&#1585;</span> or <i>Kurneer</i>. It
-is of two kinds, the white called <i>Kurbaer</i>, and the red
-<i>Ruketphup</i>. The plant grows to the height of a man; its branches
-numerous, and growing from near the root; its leaves long as the bambu
-leaf and thicker, green and finely veined. It is hot and light;
-decreases eye-sight, useful in Juzam, boils and eruptions, acne, itch;
-is vermifuge, and may be ranked among the poisons. Its flowers kept in
-the house produce strife. The root and its bark is used as an
-application in cures of deficient aphrodisiac power. A. <i>Dufflie</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Nerium Odorum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p778" class="par"><span class="parNum">778</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonja</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1606;&#1580;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Goonchee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p779" class="par"><span class="parNum">779</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumbeela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Bitter,
-laxative, and hot; used in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood; is
-lithontriptic and vermifuge; cures Badgola, dropsy, and boils; its
-green leaves are cool and astringent to the stomach; it is called also
-<i>Kumbeel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p780" class="par"><span class="parNum">780</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gunduk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Live
-Sulphur.&rdquo; In digestion it is bitter and hot, also soft;
-beneficial in Juzam, affections of the spleen, disorders of mucus and
-wind, and increases bile. It is an ingredient in many favorite
-prescriptions. A. <i>Ribreet</i>. Its aruk is excellent as an
-application in itch, and as a tonic is pungently acid and hurtful to
-the teeth; indeed so very acid is it, that it dissolves shells, and is
-called <i>Tezab</i>; but though acid, it is aphrodisiac. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb130" href="#pb130" name="pb130">130</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>To make Tezab</i> (Sulphuric Acid).</p>
-<p class="par">Take a China cup, and make in it three holes, to suspend
-it (by a wire of zinc); place a lamp on a low triangle (tripod), and
-fill the lamp with sulphur; and making several wicks, mix them with the
-sulphur, and set fire to them; place the China cup under the tripod,
-and the aruk will come over into it by drops. Care must be taken to
-admit no wind; when this is lighted the smoke destroys cloth. I have
-written of the properties of this more at large in my other works.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>The properties of Sulphuric Acid.</i></p>
-<p class="par">It is hot, creates appetite, expels wind, strengthens
-the stomach, loins, and back. It is aphrodisiac, useful in disorders of
-mucus and blood, in paralysis, convulsions, and pains in the stomach,
-and discusses enlargement of the spleen, if taken to the quantity of
-from one to four soorkhs in water. It will cure tooth-ache if applied
-to the hollow of the tooth, but care must be taken that it <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e15906" title="Source: do">does</span> not come in
-contact with a sound tooth. It cures all kinds of Psora, whether dry or
-moist, applied by itself or in ointment. Taken internally with oil of
-roses, it loosens phlegm; applied to the white spots of leprosy, it
-will remove them. If nutmegs, cinnamon, and cloves be moistened with
-it, and dried, they will become powerful condiments.</p>
-<p id="p781" class="par"><span class="parNum">781</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunoocha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1608;&#1670;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Mirve</i>.</p>
-<p id="p782" class="par"><span class="parNum">782</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundhur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-culinary greens&mdash;see <i>Chowlai</i>.</p>
-<p id="p783" class="par"><span class="parNum">783</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundhka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A title
-of <i>Mudukpurnie</i>; it derives its name from the property of
-preserving the hair.</p>
-<p id="p784" class="par"><span class="parNum">784</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunghi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1606;&#1711;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Malva
-Sylvestris.&mdash;(The Mallow) vide <i>Goolkhairoo</i>. The mallow,
-emollient and demulcent, Alth&aelig;a officinalis.&rdquo; The name of a
-flower-stem of India, about a man&rsquo;s height, more or less. Its
-leaves are round, smooth, serrated, and pointed. It is of two kinds, a
-small and larger, the leaves large and small accordingly. It has a
-small yellow flower; inside the seed vessel are many divisions, in
-which the seeds are contained. It is very useful in piles.</p>
-<p class="par">A man had the bleeding piles to an annoying degree of
-severity. A physician advised him to eat some of the leaves of this,
-bruised, and made up with pepper into pills; he made up <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb131" href="#pb131" name=
-"pb131">131</a>]</span>large pills or balls, and eat them as directed,
-and was cured in a few days. If the fresh leaves are used, they should
-be mixed with water and drank; if the dried leaves are preferred, they
-should be made into pills. It is mucilaginous and demulcent.</p>
-<p id="p785" class="par"><span class="parNum">785</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooroochna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1585;&#1608;&#1670;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;or
-<i>Gooroochun</i>. A stone, of a yellow color, on which grass or moss
-grows; it is astringent and cool, beneficial in possession, and whoever
-keeps it by them, will escape the influence of all evils; it is useful
-in disorders of blood, and prevents abortion by its tonic property in
-giving strength to the uterus. It is the name for <i>Huzerool
-bukur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p786" class="par"><span class="parNum">786</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goorcha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1681;&#1670;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Menispermum
-cordifolium, W. <i>Guduchi</i>, S. <i>Citamerdu</i>, Van Rheede, H. M.
-vii. 39. <i>Menispermum Verrucosum</i>, Roxb. MS. <i>Putra Waly</i>.
-Jao. <i>Funis Felleus</i>, Rumph. Amb. v. 82. Sp. ch. perennial,
-scandent, verrucose, leaves cordate, acuminate, entire, smooth, male
-racemes from the naked branches simple, nectareal scales inserted in
-the filaments. Every part of this plant exceedingly bitter; used for
-the cure of intermittents; it is said by Captain Wright, to be as
-powerful a febrifuge as the Peruvian Bark. V. <i>Gillo</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p787" class="par"><span class="parNum">787</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrdun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1585;&#1583;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Koocha</i>, called also <i>Sutpootrie</i>. It is the name of the
-<i>Kooza</i> flower, red with a yellow fructification in the centre. It
-has a fine perfume, and a distilled water is made from it; it is a
-cinquefoil. One kind of it is the <i>Goolseutie</i>, P.
-<i>Aussureen</i>. This is white, but a third kind is also red. All
-three are cool, light, and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the
-three secretions and of blood. It is cardiac, astringent, and improves
-the complexion. I have found the white the most effectual, and have
-often used its conserve and distilled water in lowness of spirits.</p>
-<p id="p788" class="par"><span class="parNum">788</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gomenduk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1605;&#1610;&#1583;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A common
-stone, resembling in its properties the <i>Chanderkanth</i>.</p>
-<p id="p789" class="par"><span class="parNum">789</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooma</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1605;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India;
-sweet, pungent, hot, dry, heavy, aperient; used in disorders of wind,
-bile, mucus; in jaundice and in swellings, and is vermifuge. All this
-the author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i> has related. The common
-<i>Gooma</i> is different.</p>
-<p id="p790" class="par"><span class="parNum">790</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goww</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e16073" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1711;&#1608;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1574;&#1608;</span></span>.&mdash;A tree common in
-<i>Cashmere</i>, of a hot quality; used <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb132" href="#pb132" name="pb132">132</a>]</span>in seminal weakness,
-inflammatory disorders of the nose, effects of poison, disorders of
-mucus, and Juzam. It is vermifuge; its fruit increases phlegm, and its
-gum is heavy, aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of wind.</p>
-<p id="p791" class="par"><span class="parNum">791</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kobhee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Hieracum</i>,
-Bruce MS.&rdquo; This is of three kinds, one of which is used as food
-for the parroquet. Its leaf is like that of the radish when in an
-imperfect state. It is cool, light, and astringent; used in disorders
-of mucus, bile, and blood; in seminal weakness, cough, boils,
-eruptions, and fever, and produces wind.</p>
-<p id="p792" class="par"><span class="parNum">792</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrbaghan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1576;&#1575;&#1711;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Cool;
-useful in general heat and disorders of blood.</p>
-<p id="p793" class="par"><span class="parNum">793</span> <span class=
-"sc">Godoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1583;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A common grain
-used by villagers; tonic.</p>
-<p id="p794" class="par"><span class="parNum">794</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowruk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1585;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Lawa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p795" class="par"><span class="parNum">795</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonj</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1606;&#1580;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Kulungh</i>. Its meat cures disorders of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p796" class="par"><span class="parNum">796</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1606;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-Hindostan. If its seed-vessel be applied to the skin, it produces great
-itching; if it is washed in cow-dung and water, this effect will be
-removed. Its seed is like the bean, smooth, and of a purple color; it
-is hard, and if the end is cut off, and it be applied to the part stung
-by a scorpion, it will remove the pain, and cannot be removed till the
-poison is extracted; and when this is accomplished, it falls off
-itself, and will be found from its power of suction to have become much
-larger. It is sweet, increases semen, lengthens aphrodisia, and is
-useful in diffusion of bile in the blood. It is beneficial in old
-ulcers, and is a favorite ingredient in aphrodisiac formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kooch</i> is a medicine of India; its seed cold
-<i>and hot</i> in equilibrium; drying, aphrodisiac; strengthens the
-loins, useful in piles and cough, and increases the consistence of
-semen. If half a direm of the leaves be bruised with seven of the long
-fruit of the peepul in water, and given to drink, it will be found
-powerfully vermifuge. It also clears the intestines of all noxious
-matter. If 10 direms be bruised in 50 direms of water, and drank for
-seven days, it will cure Lues Venerea. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb133" href="#pb133" name="pb133">133</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">The succedaneum is <i>Aotungun</i>. The dose two direms
-of the seed. It is also called <i>Kooncha</i>, vide Kewanch.</p>
-<p id="p797" class="par"><span class="parNum">797</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cypr&aelig;a
-Monita.</i>&rdquo; P. <i>Khirmora</i>. It is sweet and pungent, cool
-and flatulent; used in bile and heat; beneficial in affections of the
-eyes and in blisters. If burnt and introduced into the ear, I have
-found it of use in diseases of that organ. It is excellent for
-cleansing and drying venereal sores.</p>
-<p id="p798" class="par"><span class="parNum">798</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawaal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1570;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;(<i>The Hog.</i>) Its
-meat is heating, moist, light, and increases semen to a great degree;
-induces corpulence, creates appetite, and is tonic. Its fat is very
-aphrodisiac as an external application; it is also useful as an
-application to the eyes, as a stomachic, preserving health, and
-producing aphrodisia. Is tonic; useful in sprains and disorders of the
-three secretions. P. <i>Khunzeer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p799" class="par"><span class="parNum">799</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>The Crow.</i> P.
-<i>Zaagh</i> or <i>Kolagh</i>. A. <i>Ghorab</i>. Its properties are
-mentioned in Yunani works in India; it is also called <i>Koral</i>.</p>
-<p id="p800" class="par"><span class="parNum">800</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kokla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Indian
-Cuckoo.</i>&rdquo; A black bird, which in the commencement of the hot
-weather has a fine and strong note; its flesh creates appetite, induces
-costiveness, and is useful in disorders of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p801" class="par"><span class="parNum">801</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;<i>The Guana.</i> Its flesh is
-tonic, aphrodisiac, stomachic, and used in disorders of bile and wind.
-A. <i>Zubbub</i>. P. <i>Soosmar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p802" class="par"><span class="parNum">802</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowadoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1575;&#1583;&#1608;&#1585;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Hubbunneel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p803" class="par"><span class="parNum">803</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gokhroo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1603;&#1607;&#1585;&#1608;</span> also
-<i>Kunthphill</i>; cures difficulty of breathing, cough, and
-suppression of urine. Is lithontriptic; useful in affections of the
-heart and wind.</p>
-<p class="par">A. <i>Khussuk</i>. It is of two kinds, a cultivated and
-wild. Its plant is like the melon; its branches spreading widely on the
-ground. Its fruit is hard and triangular, with prickles on its angles;
-thus it is called <i>Gokhroo.</i> P. <i>Kharkhusuk</i>. There is a
-larger kind called <i>Gokhroo Dekanee</i>. In the <i>Dhunterri</i>, it
-is said to be beneficial in the three secretions, to create appetite,
-beneficial in dysentery and pains of the bowels, to increase semen,
-induce corpulency, to be cool, sweet, and aphrodisiac, tonic,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb134" href="#pb134" name=
-"pb134">134</a>]</span>useful in seminal weakness, gonorrh&oelig;a, and
-pains in the urinary bladder. &ldquo;<i>Tribulus
-Lanuginosus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p804" class="par"><span class="parNum">804</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowdunta</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1672;&#1606;&#1657;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>arsenic</i>, of a light red color.</p>
-<p id="p805" class="par"><span class="parNum">805</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gota</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1657;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Sweet, bitter, pungent,
-hot, light, and aphrodisiac; useful in <i>Soorkhbad</i>, acne, cough,
-Juzam, and disorders of wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p806" class="par"><span class="parNum">806</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookurchundie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1585;&#1670;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Obtains
-the name from its being an emetic to dogs.</p>
-<p id="p807" class="par"><span class="parNum">807</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookurbangra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kukrownda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p808" class="par"><span class="parNum">808</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondroo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1585;&#1608;</span> or
-<i>Goonderuk</i>. A name for <i>Koondur</i>, a gum resembling
-<i>Mastich</i>, but more red; it cures disorders of wind, mucus, and
-fever; restrains perspiration; is aphrodisiac; strengthens memory;
-gives tone to the stomach, urinary bladder, brain.</p>
-<p id="p809" class="par"><span class="parNum">809</span> <span class=
-"sc">Googul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1711;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;<i>Amygris Agalocha</i>
-(Roxb.) sweet and bitter, hot and aperient; increases appetite;
-increases the bulk of the solids, and is aphrodisiac; reunites
-fractured bones, discusses indurations; used in disorders of wind,
-mucus, blood, boils, eruptions, ill-conditioned ulcers, seminal
-weakness, <i>Juzam</i>, <i>Soorkhbad</i>, debility, emaciation,
-sweating sickness, acne, and swellings. The older it is the more
-effectual. It forms an ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;. A.
-<i>Mukul</i>. One kind is called <i>Bhainsia Googul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p810" class="par"><span class="parNum">810</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondinie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A common
-fruit of Hindostan, of a red color, and fine coat, about the size of
-the <i>Khalsa</i>, or larger, and more oval. It is aperient, suppurant,
-and vermifuge. It is sweet and cool; of use in cough and flatulence,
-but if taken in quantity, produces nausea.</p>
-<p id="p811" class="par"><span class="parNum">811</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Perestpirnie</i>; also the name of an insect like the cricket, but
-larger; it makes much noise in the rains.</p>
-<p id="p812" class="par"><span class="parNum">812</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goolur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1604;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ficus
-Glomerata.</i>&rdquo; A common fruit; when young, it is green, but when
-ripe, it becomes red, and in this state it is filled with small
-insects; it is said that if <span class="corr" id="xd24e16446" title=
-"Source: eat">eaten</span> without being opened, it will be found
-beneficial for the eyes. It is called cool and dry; some say hot and
-moist: but in my opinion it is cool <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb135" href="#pb135" name="pb135">135</a>]</span>and moist, and
-decreases bile. My father prescribed it in its unripe state in laxities
-of the bowels, and also in bleeding piles. The physicians of India have
-described it as astringent; it is slow of digestion. The bark of the
-tree is useful in ulcers, and as an external application in severe
-bruises. Water drank after its use, produces pain in the bowels. The
-<i>Goolur</i> eat with barley-meal or sugar, is useful in giddiness and
-heat in the liver. Its milk applied to boils, hasten suppuration or
-resolution.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Goolur</i> is cool and moist; useful in bilious
-complaints, heat, thirst, and running at the nose from heat. The
-decoction of the bark removes poison from wounds inflicted by the claws
-of the tiger, cat, or other animal. The root bruised in water is useful
-in dysentery, in a dose of two direms.</p>
-<p id="p813" class="par"><span class="parNum">813</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goonma</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1605;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pharnaceum
-mollugo.</i>&rdquo; The plant grows in waste and wild places, and is
-very common. It is about a yard high, and grows in the rains; it is
-many-flowered; and when young they are of a red color, but become grey
-when dry, and full of small holes; they are round and curled.</p>
-<p id="p814" class="par"><span class="parNum">814</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonda</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Koonda</i>,
-called also <i>Pita</i>. A. <i>Midjdubeh</i>, and in P.
-<i>Puzdubeh</i>. It is a creeper; its leaves like the Gourd leaf, or
-larger; its fruit twice as large as a melon. When unripe, it is
-cooling, and useful in bilious disorders and wind; it increases mucus.
-When ripe, it is sweet and pungent; it is equal in its properties;
-light; creates appetite; assists digestion; useful in disorders of the
-stomach and of the three secretions. The fibres of its root, its
-leaves, and branches, are sweet; beneficial in disorders of wind and
-mucus; are lithontriptic: the soft part of the fruit is sweet, removes
-gravel and other disorders of the urinary bladder; cures bilious
-disorders, and is aphrodisiac. The particular mode of administering it,
-I have described in my other works. It is very useful as an
-aphrodisiac, and for increasing the bulk of the solids. <i>Cucurbita
-Pepo.</i><a id="xd24e16501" name="xd24e16501"></a></p>
-<p class="par">Its sherbet is useful in all the disorders above
-mentioned, also in depression of spirits from heat, in mania or
-disordered imagination; increases appetite and evacuates bile.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb136" href="#pb136" name=
-"pb136">136</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>The sherbet is thus prepared</i>:</p>
-<p class="par">A piece is cut off from the end of the fruit, and the
-inside scooped out till the hand can be admitted; this is to be filled
-with fine sugar, taking care to preserve all the juice. The divided
-piece is then to be re-applied, the division secured with moistened
-flour; it is then placed in the sun, during the hot season, for four
-days, or in the cold weather for a week. It by this process becomes
-acid like oxymel; the juice is then taken out, strained, and seasoned
-with cardamums, saffron, musk, and cloves, or other articles as may be
-deemed proper, and preserved in bottles for use; the dose is four
-tolahs, but it will not keep good beyond a week.</p>
-<p id="p815" class="par"><span class="parNum">815</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khaer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Kut</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Acacia Catechu</i>, <i>Mimosa Catechu</i>. <i>Chadira</i>,
-S.<span class="corr" id="xd24e16535" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span> A tree of the jungles, from which
-Catechu is produced. It is called also <i>Cudder</i>. &ldquo;One of the
-best applications in ulcers I ever tried, is composed of
-<i>Catechu</i>, <i>Camphor</i>, and <i>white lead</i>, in equal
-parts.&rdquo;&mdash;Trans.</p>
-<p id="p816" class="par"><span class="parNum">816</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geerehti</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;&#1607;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A plant,
-about a yard high, or less; the largest kind is named <i>Geerehta</i>,
-also <i>Mahabela</i>. Its leaves are larger, as well as the tree, than
-the <i>Geerehtee</i>; but the latter is to be preferred as a medicine.
-It is sweet, cool, moist, and astringent, useful in Soorkhbad,
-disorders of bile, affections of the uterus, and clears the
-complexion.</p>
-<p id="p817" class="par"><span class="parNum">817</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kherie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1681;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;An earth of a white
-color used in cleaning houses; one kind of it is called
-<i>Goorboghan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p818" class="par"><span class="parNum">818</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyrnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;One kind of it
-is named <i>Chupuk</i>. It is the fruit of a very large tree, of a
-yellow color, about the size of a date, but thicker; both kinds are
-cool and moist, heavy and tonic; useful in thirst, delirium, heaviness
-of the head, and disorders of all the secretions. If the kernel is
-bruised in water and applied to the eyes, it will remove opacities of
-the cornea&mdash;this I know from my grand-father&rsquo;s
-experience.</p>
-<p class="par">In my opinion, it is cardiac and stomachic, and gently
-astringent; when ripe it is very generally useful. Some have called it
-hot in the second and dry in the first degree. If eaten when unripe,
-there is fear of its producing cholic. Its corrector is dhaie. The
-kernel is bitter. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb137" href="#pb137"
-name="pb137">137</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p819" class="par"><span class="parNum">819</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koontanduk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1608;&#1603;&#1657;&#1575;&#1606;&#1583;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Rice</i>, like the <i>Saatee</i> in its properties.</p>
-<p id="p820" class="par"><span class="parNum">820</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1608;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Asp.</i>
-The horse; its meat is sweet to the taste, but bitter in digestion. It
-is light, creates appetite, increases bile and mucus, beneficial in
-disorders of wind, and increases aphrodisia. It is generally tonic, and
-strengthens the eyes. I have often eat of it, and believe it to be hot
-and tonic, but it is hurtful to those of hot temperament. In some
-countries, it is used as food, and it was so used by Vizier Nawab
-Kumruddin Khan. I have remarked, that when used in this country as food
-by the natives of other countries, it produces a fermentation in the
-blood, and consequent eruptions in the mouth and tongue. Its properties
-are particularly noticed in Yunani works, and I have conversed with
-many who considered the milk of the mare excellent as a stomachic and
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p821" class="par"><span class="parNum">821</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khutmul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1657;&#1605;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1657;&#1605;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Saas</i>. A.
-<i>Fusafush</i>. It is bred in beds or other furniture. Its smell is
-very useful in epilepsy; bruised in water and used as an injection into
-the urethra, it will be found useful in suppression of urine.</p>
-<p id="p822" class="par"><span class="parNum">822</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kujoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1580;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;<i>Ph&oelig;nix
-dactylifera</i> or <i>Ph&oelig;nix Silvestris</i> or <i>Khurjoor</i>.
-A. <i>Kittub</i>. It has many fruits, even to the number of many
-hundreds: in its properties it is very similar to the
-<i>Pind-Kajoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p823" class="par"><span class="parNum">823</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khaperia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1662;&#1585;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A.
-<i>Tooti</i>. P. <i>Sungbusseri</i>. It is useful in affections of the
-eyes and eye sight. Its powder beneficial for cleaning and healing
-ulcers. Its ointment I have noticed in my other publications. I have
-known a person who used it commonly as a tonic to the stomach, and for
-correcting laxities of the bowels. It is also used in Indian Recipes,
-but I have never seen that any physician of celebrity recommended its
-use.</p>
-<p id="p824" class="par"><span class="parNum">824</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keera</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>
-or <i>Kheera</i>. One kind of this is bitter, but both are cool and
-dry, diuretic, and aperient; useful in disorders of bile,
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in suppression of urine. The ripe fruit
-is sweet and little astringent. The Balum-kheera is a kind of this, but
-of less efficacy. The large kind, from its efficacy and scarcity, was
-usually sent to the emperor by the Marwar Rajah. It is highly spoken of
-for the cure of Remittent Fever. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb138"
-href="#pb138" name="pb138">138</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p825" class="par"><span class="parNum">825</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khand</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1606;&#1672;</span>.&mdash;Heavy, creating
-appetite, tonic, aperient; useful in thirst, general heat, delirium,
-disorders of bile and wind; but if eaten to excess it produces
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p826" class="par"><span class="parNum">826</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khylakhylie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Silleekha</i>. Its rind is hard and thick, and of a round
-shape; it is of a reddish clay color. It is the bark of a tree; some
-say it is not the <i>Silleekha</i>, but that it nearly resembles it. It
-forms an ingredient in formul&aelig; for strengthening the loins and
-kidnies. It dries up the vagina, and is used by women in the cold
-season as an ingredient in <i>Peendie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p827" class="par"><span class="parNum">827</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghekwaar</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1607;&#1609;
-&#1603;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;</span> or <i>Ghwar</i>. &ldquo;<i>Aloe
-Perfoliata</i>, W. <i>Ghrita Cumari</i> and <i>Taruni</i>, S.
-<i>Elwa</i> (the gum), H. <i>Musebber</i>, A. <i>Suc d&rsquo;Aloes</i>
-(the gum), F. <i>Glausinde Aloe</i>, G. <i>Aloe</i>, I. <i>Aloe</i>,
-Sp.&rdquo; It is the <i>Sibr</i> plant, and is in height about a yard,
-becoming small towards the top; it is full of juice of an offensive
-smell; it (the leaf) is serrated on the edges, and is of a green color.
-It is bitter, cool, and aperient, useful in affections of the spleen
-and liver, disorders of mucus, bile, blood, fever, blisters, and
-hardness of the skin; and slightly increases bile. If rubbed with water
-on the hands, fire may be held with impunity. Its juice is well known
-as a medicine, mixed with anise seed; it is excellent in pains of the
-bowels. I have written more of its virtues in my other works, and the
-prescription there mentioned is excellent in all disorders from cold.
-The pulp of the leaf with alum and opium is excellent in ophthalmia;
-its juice dropt into the eye.</p>
-<p id="p828" class="par"><span class="parNum">828</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goongchee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1670;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Abrus
-Precatorius.</i> <i>Gooncha</i>, H. <i>Gunja</i>, S. The seed called
-<i>Retti</i>, H. <i>Rectica</i>, S. The root of the plant coincides
-very exactly in appearance, taste, and medicinal qualities with the
-liquorice root, and is sold for it in the bazar; vide <i>Glycine
-Abrus</i>, Linn, Flem.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Goongchee</i>, called also <i>Retti</i>, is hot and
-dry; its dose one direm. In the opinion of the people of India, it is
-cool and dry in the third degree. It is emetic, and violently
-purgative, and is considered a poison. If the Goongchee is reduced to a
-coarse powder, moistened with water, and bruised and fried in sweet
-oil, till it is dissolved; this oil applied in the morning to the head,
-and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb139" href="#pb139" name=
-"pb139">139</a>]</span>washed off at night, and this repeated for 21
-days, it will greatly increase the growth of the hair; its leaves and
-branches thus prepared have the same effect</p>
-<p class="par">If the <i>Red Goongcha</i>, having its bark peeled off,
-be coarse pounded to the quantity of eight ounces, and boiled in eight
-pounds of cow&rsquo;s milk, till only three pounds remain, then
-coagulated, and its butter extracted; the butter will reproduce hair on
-any parts which may have been deprived of it by venereal or other
-disease, and the effect will take place by its continuance for a
-fortnight. The <i>white Goonchee</i>, in the quantity of two direms,
-given internally for three days, with sugar, to a woman, will render
-her barren.</p>
-<p id="p829" class="par"><span class="parNum">829</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khelowrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-name for the composition of certain pills, about the size of
-<i>Peepul</i> seed, sold covered with silver leaf; they are highly
-scented, and improve the smell of the mouth; they enliven the spirits
-and strengthen the stomach. They are made of Kuth in this manner:</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Catechu</i> is first mixed well with water, and
-the precipitate taken for use. This is boiled in cow&rsquo;s milk, or
-sometimes in the above-mentioned water; then <i>Musk Amber</i> and
-<i>Rose-water</i> are added, or the distilled water of <i>Keora</i>,
-and from this the pills are formed.</p>
-<p id="p830" class="par"><span class="parNum">830</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khull</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kus&rsquo;boosum seem</i>; the refuse of <i>Till</i>. It is
-heavy and flatulent, weakens eye-sight; is aphrodisiac; and is used as
-a soap to remove grease from the hands.</p>
-<p id="p831" class="par"><span class="parNum">831</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khopra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1662;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Narzeel</i>. Its properties mentioned in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p832" class="par"><span class="parNum">832</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khewumberie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1608;&#1605;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The wild fig; useful in
-white leprosy. All Indian physicians use the root in this disease, both
-internally and externally; some have called it hot, others cold; it is
-likewise named <i>Kewumber</i>.</p>
-<p id="p833" class="par"><span class="parNum">833</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khesoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1587;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A root; the leaf
-of its tree resembles a tiger&rsquo;s claws. Its flower is yellow; the
-tree large and common all over the jungles, and becomes of a red color
-like fire.</p>
-<p id="p834" class="par"><span class="parNum">834</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khynth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;&#1578;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A
-tree of India; its fruit acid like the apple when unripe; it is light;
-cures thirst, hiccup, disorders of wind and bile. It clears the throat;
-is difficult of digestion, and strengthens <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb140" href="#pb140" name="pb140">140</a>]</span>the
-stomach, and is lithontriptic; beneficial in fulness of the head, and
-is cool and dry in the second degree.</p>
-<p id="p835" class="par"><span class="parNum">835</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gheyd</span> <span lang="ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Vulture</i><a id="xd24e16929" name="xd24e16929"></a>. Its
-flesh is beneficial in disorders of the eyes; it is a bird of prey; hot
-and dry: it is of a black color, though some have described it as grey.
-The <i><span class="corr" id="xd24e16932" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Baar">Baaz</span></i> and <i>Joorra</i> are
-used in hawking. A. <i>Okab</i>, P. <i>Aal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p836" class="par"><span class="parNum">836</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kinchua</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1606;&#1670;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A name of
-<i>Kherrateen</i>. The earth-worm. It is used in oil and fomentation as
-an aphrodisiac, and for this purpose the most powerful is the
-<i>Lumbricus</i> discharged from the human subject.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">It is said, that if the <i>Kinchua</i> be dried and
-mixed with dhaie, it will contract the vagina. If it be mixed with
-sweet oil, and boiled, and in this <i>Zaftroomie</i> (pitch) be
-dissolved, and the mixture externally applied, it will increase the
-size of the male organ. From the worm a kind of copper is procured,
-which is called in India <i>Paak Tamba</i>. If put in the mouth it has
-this effect, that the taste of the neeb, or pungency of chunam will not
-be perceptible. It is an antidote to all animal as well as vegetable
-poisons, and hydrophobia; useful in want of power in the digestive
-organs and pains in the bowels. Its powder is useful in the
-<i>Soorkhbad</i>, and kept in the mouth, prevents thirst; and if kept
-about the person a snake will not approach or bite. Thus
-prepared:&mdash;The fresh worms are taken and put into a copper vessel,
-over them is poured lime juice, and the vessel well luted, is placed on
-the fire; when well boiled, the medicine will be found adhering to the
-top and sides of the vessel.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another mode.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of white lead and borax, each eight direms;
-turmeric and bullock&rsquo;s bile, each four direms; worms and honey,
-each 24 direms; mix and fry the whole in cow&rsquo;s <i>ghee</i>, and
-when fried, make the mass into balls. Place these balls in an earthen
-vessel on the fire, and by means of bellows increase the heat, and keep
-it so, for some time; and when taken off the fire, the <i>Paak
-Tamba</i> will be found in small grains at the bottom. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb141" href="#pb141" name="pb141">141</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p837" class="par"><span class="parNum">837</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gyndha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Rhinoceros.</i>
-A four-footed beast, larger than the buffaloe. Its skin black and
-indented; it is very hard, and used for making shields, which are held
-in great estimation. It has a horn near its nose. Its flesh is used in
-disorders of wind, and decreases urine and f&aelig;ces. The smoke of
-the horn while burning is excellent in the cure of piles, and for
-producing easy labour; drinking water from a cup made of the horn will
-also cure the piles. P. <i>Kurguddun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p838" class="par"><span class="parNum">838</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kenkra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Its flesh
-is cool, and strengthens the seven component parts of the body; is
-aphrodisiac, and remedies profuse discharge of the menses.
-&ldquo;<i>The Crab.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p839" class="par"><span class="parNum">839</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kesur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1587;&#1585;</span>
-or <i>Kunkum</i>. <i>Saffron.</i> It is pungent and hot; exhilirates
-the spirit; useful in hiccup and in affections of the skin from a taint
-in the blood; it is beneficial in head-ache; allays vomiting; is
-vermifuge; cures boils and disorders of the three secretions, and
-cleans the complexion. P. <i>Zaffraan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p840" class="par"><span class="parNum">840</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyte</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e17047" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1603;&#1610;&#1578;&#1609;"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1578;</span></span>.&mdash;When unripe, it is
-light; induces costiveness; used in disorders of the three secretions.
-When ripe, it becomes of a bitterish sweet, and is useful in dropsy,
-eruptions of the mouth, and in wind. It is heavy, clears the throat, is
-slow of digestion, and allays thirst.</p>
-<p id="p841" class="par"><span class="parNum">841</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kytiputtrie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1578;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1578;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Its leaves resemble the
-<i>Kyte</i>; it is hot and pungent; used in disorders from poison,
-phlegm in the throat, and seminal weakness.</p>
-<p id="p842" class="par"><span class="parNum">842</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyloot</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1604;&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;Cool,
-astringent; useful in eruptions of the mouth, in mucus, and flatulent
-disorders.</p>
-<p id="p843" class="par"><span class="parNum">843</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1608;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Pandanus
-Odoratissimus</i>, (Roxb.) It is like the <i>Ketki</i>, but it is twice
-as large; its leaves are prickly, and about the same thickness
-throughout. It is in fact like a head of Indian corn before its leaves
-recede. It has a very powerful, penetrating, diffusible scent, more
-perceptible at a distance than when close; and after it is dried the
-smell remains. If it is put amongst linen, the smell will adhere to it
-for a length of time. The plant is about 12 feet high; its leaves
-resemble the Juwar, and are long and trefoil, with prickles upon all of
-them; it flowers when four years old. Earth is thrown up round the
-roots every <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb142" href="#pb142" name=
-"pb142">142</a>]</span>year. In the Deccan and in Behar, it is very
-common. A distilled water is made from its flowers, which is cardiac
-and stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p844" class="par"><span class="parNum">844</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kethki</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1578;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Pandanus
-Odoratissimus</i>, for it is a kind of Keora. The <i>Sirrunkethkie</i>
-is also a species of this.</p>
-<p id="p845" class="par"><span class="parNum">845</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kewanch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1608;&#1575;&#1606;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;Sweet,
-hot, heavy, and aphrodisiac; produces an increased secretion of semen.
-Its seed is useful in disorders of wind, and is also aphrodisiac. It is
-a name for <i>Kabeakudje</i>, and that is a species of Curruf&rsquo;s
-junglee. It is also a name for <i>Dolichos Pruriens</i> or
-Cow-itch.</p>
-<p id="p846" class="par"><span class="parNum">846</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kela</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Musa
-Paradisiaca.</i> The <i>Plantain</i> or <i>Banana</i>. The tree is
-straight, about the height of a spear. Its leaves, when young, come out
-in the form of a round ruler, and are soft as satin, and much
-resembling it, with cross marks resembling the plaits of cloth. The
-leaf when expanded is very long and broad. Its flower is a hard
-substance, of a pyramidal shape, and covered with leaves of a dark-red
-color. Every tree which has flowered bears 70 or 80 plantains, formed
-in distinct rows round a centre stem, and the tree bears only once. And
-the fruit ripe, the tree must be cut down, to leave room for others to
-spring up from the same root. There are many kinds of this fruit. The
-best kind is small, and called <i>Imrutbean</i>; and the people of
-India have said that the camphor is produced from it: but those who say
-so are ignorant, the camphor tree is very different. Its root is tonic;
-beneficial in disorders of bile, blood, and mucus, and in
-gonorrh&oelig;a; but it weakens aphrodisia. The fruit is sweet, cool,
-moist, and heavy; increases flatulence and mucus; useful in disorders
-of bile, blood, wind, and heat of the chest. A. <i>Mooz</i>. The
-natives of India dress the unripe fruit with meat, or even dress it
-alone; and the Hindoos dress the heart of the branches for food. This I
-have found very effectual as an aphrodisiac and for increasing semen,
-and as a tonic to the brain. It weakens the stomach, and is heavy; its
-corrector is cardamum seed. The Yunani physicians say, that its
-correctors are honey, gum, and ginger.</p>
-<p id="p847" class="par"><span class="parNum">847</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keetkarode</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1578;&#1603;&#1575;&#1585;&#1608;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Baraicund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p848" class="par"><span class="parNum">848</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keekur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1603;&#1585;</span>
-or <i>Babool</i>. &ldquo;Acacia Arabica, W. <i>Babool</i>, H.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb143" href="#pb143" name=
-"pb143">143</a>]</span><i>Barbura</i>, <i>S. Babool ka Goond</i> (the
-gum), H. The bark, like that of most of the Acacias, is a powerful
-astringent, and is used as a substitute for Oak bark in tanning by
-leather-manufacturers in India. <i>Gomme Arabique</i>, F. <i>Arabischen
-Gummi</i>, G. <i>Gomma Arabica</i>, I. <i>Vullam pisin</i>, Tam.&rdquo;
-A common prickly tree of the jungles; its leaves very numerous and
-small; it is of two kinds, a large and a small. The young trees have
-very numerous prickles, the old trees have fewer; its bark kept in the
-mouth relieves cough. Its leaves heated and applied to the eye removes
-heat and inflammation; both kinds are astringent, hot, and pungent,
-useful in cough, mucus, and diseases proceeding from mucus; restrain
-laxatives of the bowels, and are useful in piles. The young leaves
-infused for a night in water, in the morning bruised in the water, and
-this drank, will be found very useful in gonorrh&oelig;a and itchiness
-of the bladder.</p>
-<p id="p849" class="par"><span class="parNum">849</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keet</span> <span lang="ur">&#1603;&#1610;&#1578;</span> or
-<i>Keetie</i>. The refuse or scori&aelig; of iron; it is sweet,
-pungent, and hot; beneficial in wind, worms, cholicks, seminal
-weakness, and swellings.</p>
-<p id="p850" class="par"><span class="parNum">850</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gehoon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1607;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Gundum</i>. A. <i>Hinta</i>. It is oleaginous and slow of digestion;
-facilitates the junction of fractured bones. Is soft, tonic, useful in
-mucus, and increases semen. Its oil is beneficial in <i>Daad</i> and
-swellings from vitiated bile. The oil is thus made:&mdash;White Gehoon
-is moistened for a night in water, and in the morning the oil is
-extracted.</p>
-<p id="p851" class="par"><span class="parNum">851</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geroo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;It is sweet,
-astringent, and cool; useful in ulcers; clears the skin; beneficial in
-piles, heat, and incipient phlegmon. It resembles the Gilermonie, and
-is often substituted for it.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="lam" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1604;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p852" class="par first"><span class="parNum">852</span>
-<span class="sc">Laak</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1575;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;Common lac is a kind of wax,
-formed by the <i>Coccus Lacca</i>: cool, moist; clears the color of the
-skin; is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of mucus, blood, bile; and is
-vermifuge. It also cures boils, eruptions, acne, bruises, and Juzam,
-and removes possession by evil spirits. I have found it to be very
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p class="par">This is the gum of the <i>Baer</i> tree. There is one
-kind of Seed Lac, which when melted becomes like this.</p>
-<p id="p853" class="par"><span class="parNum">853</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1575;&#1607;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Ulsee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p854" class="par"><span class="parNum">854</span> <span class=
-"sc">Langullie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1575;&#1606;&#1711;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The
-name of a shrub, pungent and hot; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb144"
-href="#pb144" name="pb144">144</a>]</span>useful in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and ulcers, also in affections of the stomach and bowels; is
-laxative.</p>
-<p id="p855" class="par"><span class="parNum">855</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lubhera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1576;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e17298" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;Hot; antidote to
-poison; useful in blisters, boils, acne, and Juzam; strengthens the
-hair of the head; is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind, blood,
-and in hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p856" class="par"><span class="parNum">856</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lublie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1604;&#1576;&#1604;&#1609;</span>
-or <i>Lolie</i>. A high tree with very numerous leaves and branches;
-the leaves are smooth and shining, and when rubbed, have a sweet smell:
-they are of a yellowish color. Its bark is soft and flexible; the fruit
-like the Malkungnie, but of a dark-purple color. The properties of the
-fruit are, that it cures disorders of blood, and piles, superabundance
-of wind, and eruptions of the mouth. It is light, and the kernel of the
-seed is of the same nature.</p>
-<p id="p857" class="par"><span class="parNum">857</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lutoobrie</span> <span class="corr" id="xd24e17321" title=
-"Corrected by author from: &#1608;&#1657;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;"><span lang="ur">
-&#1604;&#1578;&#1608;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</span></span>.&mdash;Called
-also <i>Soonitjhal</i>. The plant is about half a yard in height, it
-grows in the hot weather on the banks of the rivers or near water;
-brought in contact with the skin, it produces itching and pimples. The
-Hindoos use it as pickles by cutting the branches in pieces, infusing
-them in water for several days till they become sour. It is hot, and
-its juice very useful in ringworm. It in the first place causes a great
-discharge of water from the parts, and then heals them up. If it is
-bruised and applied for three days to parts void of sensation, it will
-produce blisters, and the water being discharged, and common ointment
-applied to the parts, the cure will be found complete. It dissipates
-wind. The leaves resemble Tirriteruk; the flower is yellow like the
-<i>Baboona</i>.</p>
-<p id="p858" class="par"><span class="parNum">858</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lydoaloo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1610;&#1583;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mimosa
-Natans.</i>&rdquo; Bitter, astringent, and cool; used in the cure of
-disorders of mucus and bile, eruptions from diffusion of bile, pains or
-inflammation in the female parts of generation, and restrains
-diarrh&oelig;a. It is sensitive, and contracts to the touch. I have
-seen the plants, and noticed that the leaves resembled those of the
-tamarind, but are smaller. Its branches small, with very minute
-prickles. It is said that it grows to a yard in height, and that it is
-so very sensitive that it contracts if a shadow passes over it.</p>
-<p id="p859" class="par"><span class="parNum">859</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichmuna</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1670;&#1605;&#1608;&#1606;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-female called <i>Lichmunie</i>. It is cool, aperient, and aphrodisiac;
-useful in disorders of wind, bile<a id="xd24e17357" name=
-"xd24e17357"></a> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb145" href="#pb145"
-name="pb145">145</a>]</span>and mucus. It is the name of the Nuffaa,
-also called the small <i>Kuthui</i>.</p>
-<p id="p860" class="par"><span class="parNum">860</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichmiphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1604;&#1670;&#1605;&#1609;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bele</i>.</p>
-<p id="p861" class="par"><span class="parNum">861</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichkutch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1670;&#1603;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Burhel</i>, also called <i>Lukitch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p862" class="par"><span class="parNum">862</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lukmunia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1603;&#1605;&#1606;&#1609;</span> and <i>Lukmunie</i>.
-Names for <i>Litchmuna</i>. In A. called <i>Beroogus sunum</i>. P.
-<i>Mirdumgeea</i>.</p>
-<p id="p863" class="par"><span class="parNum">863</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loodh&rsquo;phup</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1583;&#1577;
-&#1662;&#1729;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Sweet, cool, moist, and light;
-tonic, astringent, and diuretic; relieves disorders of bile, and
-slightly increases mucus and wind.</p>
-<p id="p864" class="par"><span class="parNum">864</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lodh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1583;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Simplocus
-Racemosa.</i>&rdquo; A kind of this is white<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e17441" title="Not in source">.</span> I have not seen the tree;
-the bark is brought from the hills; thick, and of a white color; both
-kinds are astringent, cool, and aperient; strengthens the eyes;
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, blood, and swellings; useful in
-vomiting of blood, and is laxative. Its flower is sweet, bitter, and
-astringent; of use in affections of the eyes and mucus; increases the
-consistence of semen, and is an ingredient in all aphrodisiac
-formul&aelig;. The particular manner of its administration I have given
-in my other publications. The <i>Lodh Pytanee</i> is a kind of
-this.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i><span class="corr" id="xd24e17449" title=
-"Source: Maadenterzerrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span>.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Lodh</i> is of two kinds, one from <i>Guzeerat</i>,
-of a reddish clear color, the other from the hills of Hindustan, of a
-dirty greenish hue, and underneath reddish. The latter is used by the
-dyers, and the former in medicine. It is beneficial in disorders of the
-eyes; it is cool, dry, and astringent; restrains vomiting of blood;
-generally styptic, and as a cold application, removes pain of the eye.
-Dose one <i>miskal</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">865</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lawa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Perdix
-Chinensis.</i>&rdquo; A bird smaller than the partridge; of this the
-people of India have enumerated four kinds&mdash;<i>Bansal</i>,
-<i>Goruk</i>, <i>Goonderuck</i>, and <i>Durber</i>. The meat of three
-of them is cool, moist, cardiac, astringent, and stomachic. The first
-kind is hot, increases mucus, and beneficial in disorders of wind. The
-second kind is useful in mucous disorders. The third kind is light; its
-properties in equilibrium; useful as food for the debilitated.</p>
-<p id="p866" class="par"><span class="parNum">866</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loonia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e17500" title="Source: Portulacca">Portulaca</span>
-oleracea.</i>&rdquo; Culinary greens; another kind is called
-<i>Koonder</i>. Both are saltish to the taste, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb146" href="#pb146" name="pb146">146</a>]</span>and
-sweet during digestion; cool and dry, heavy and aperient; increase wind
-and flatulent swellings of the abdomen, also bile and mucus. The other
-kind is understood to be hot; useful in difficulty of breathing,
-disorders of mucus, and increases flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p867" class="par"><span class="parNum">867</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;<i>Ferrum</i>,
-<i>Iron</i>. <i>Ayas</i>, S. Sweet and astringent, cool and
-aphrodisiac, aperient and heavy; useful in disorders of mucus and bile,
-and in swellings; it produces wind. Its scori&aelig; are called
-<i>Rubusool hudeed</i>; it is given both in powder and pills: the
-method of its preparation I have given in my other works. I have given
-iron in piles from cold, also for strengthening the stomach, for
-lengthening aphrodisia, and generally as an aphrodisiac. I have also
-exhibited it with success in dropsy. It is commonly used by physicians
-in India, but my advice is to have as little to do with it as
-possible.</p>
-<p id="p868" class="par"><span class="parNum">868</span> <span class=
-"sc">Long</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Caryophillus
-Aromaticus.</i>&rdquo; A. <i>Kurnphul</i>. Its properties are
-particularized in Yunani works. If it be introduced into an apple, and
-the apple left to dry, then taken out, I have found it an excellent
-tonic to the stomach, possessing a cardiac property, useful in
-vomiting, and aiding digestion. The apple also will have become
-possessed of the same qualities.</p>
-<p id="p869" class="par"><span class="parNum">869</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lobaan</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1576;&#1575;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Libanus
-Thurifera</i>, Coll. <i>Boswellia</i>, Roxb. <i>Olibanum</i>,
-<i>Frankincense</i>. <i>Encens</i>, F. <i>Styrax Benzoin</i>, Murr.
-Resin of <i>Boswellia serrata</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; The vizier of <i>Ackber
-Shah</i> has written, that this is a gum brought from beyond sea. It
-has a fine and penetrating smell when burnt; some call it
-<i>Meeayabisa</i>. It is very plentiful in this country.</p>
-<p class="par">It would seem to be hot in the 2nd degree. In the
-refined state, it is most powerful, and very little of it will be
-sufficient.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Loban</i> is called in P. <i>Hussunluba</i>. The
-people of India know it as a gum; its color is red, and mixed with
-pieces of white and black as large as a cowrie. It is hot in the 2nd
-degree and dry in the 1st. Its internal use is tonic to the stomach and
-brain; it discusses wind, removes phlegm, and is useful for removing
-running at the nose. In those of a hot temperament it removes
-head-ache. Its corrector is oil of the Banufsha or Khushkhash.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb147" href="#pb147" name=
-"pb147">147</a>]</span>Its succedaneum Ladun and Mastichi in equal
-parts. The dose is from half direm to two direms. What is called in
-India Sut Loban is white, clear, and shining, like Talc, and is much
-used in mucous disorders and in paralysis. It is also beneficial in bad
-breath. It is stomachic, aphrodisiac, and assists digestion. The dose
-two soorkhs in Paan. The expressed oil, applied to the penis, is
-aphrodisiac, and also useful in disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p870" class="par"><span class="parNum">870</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loni</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Neemuk</i>, q.
-v.</p>
-<p id="p871" class="par"><span class="parNum">871</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lolie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e17624" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name for
-<i>Lublie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p872" class="par"><span class="parNum">872</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lomrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1605;&#1681;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;<i>The Fox.</i>
-A name for the <i>Sheghal</i> or <i>Sial</i>.</p>
-<p id="p873" class="par"><span class="parNum">873</span> <span class=
-"sc">Longmushk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;&#1711;
-&#1605;&#1588;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;The name of a flower; its shrub
-about two yards in height, but of great diameter. It is white,
-sweet-smelling, hot, cardiac, and strengthens the brain.</p>
-<p id="p874" class="par"><span class="parNum">874</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lobeia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1576;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Dolichos
-Sinensis.</i>&rdquo; A common culinary grain; hot and dry; creates
-flatulence; is diuretic, and increases the menstrual flux. It has also
-the effect of producing very unpleasant dreams.</p>
-<p class="par">The red <i>Lobeia</i> procures the expulsion of the dead
-f&oelig;tus ex utero, and if ate with cow&rsquo;s ghee, it strengthens
-the digestive organs. A. <i>Dizzer</i>. P. <i>Bakla</i>.</p>
-<p id="p875" class="par"><span class="parNum">875</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahsun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1729;&#1587;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Allium
-Sativum</i>, W. <i>Lasuna</i>, S. <i>Ail</i>, F. <i>Knoblauch</i>, G.
-<i>Aglio</i>, I. <i>Ajo Sativo</i>, S.&rdquo; Hot and moist; heavy,
-aperient, aphrodisiac; promotes digestion, and is useful externally in
-sprains and hurts; increases the hair and knowledge, also bile and
-blood; beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing,
-cough, Badgola, intermittent fever, swellings, piles, Juzam, and
-seminal weakness. It is vermifuge, tonic, and cures loss of appetite.
-It is an ingredient in all favorite prescriptions.</p>
-<p class="par">Its sherbet I have used with much effect in cases of
-paralysis. One kind of <i>Lahsun</i> is called <i>Agbooptah</i>. A.
-<i>Mowseer</i>. As a tonic, this is to be preferred, and its pickles
-are held in great estimation.</p>
-<p id="p876" class="par"><span class="parNum">876</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lasora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sobestens
-Cordia Myxa</i>, W. A. <i>Sepista</i>.&rdquo; Its leaves bruised and
-applied to ill-conditioned ulcers, will cure them in 10 days.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb148" href="#pb148" name=
-"pb148">148</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p877" class="par"><span class="parNum">877</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahusoonia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1729;&#1587;&#1608;&#1606;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Dedawrie</i>. A. <i>Aynulhur</i>. See <i>Vidoorie</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="meem" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1605;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p878" class="par first"><span class="parNum">878</span>
-<span class="sc">Malkungnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1603;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ceanothus
-Americanus?</i> <i>Celastrus.</i>&rdquo; A seed resembling <i>Anbus
-saleb</i>, but smaller and variegated; its upper rind is green, inside
-which is red, and withinside this is found the seed fine long and of a
-reddish color; it is bitter and pungent, hot and aperient; useful in
-affections of wind and mucus, difficulty of breathing, and cough. It
-increases understanding and memory. In India, those who try its effects
-use it in many ways. One method is to eat one seed the first day, two
-the 2nd, and so on, increasing by one till 40 seeds are eaten in a day,
-then decrease in the same proportion. Some use it this way for only
-eight days, after which they continue to take this quantity without
-increase, and during its use, they abstain from all acids, sour milk,
-radishes, <i>Till</i>, limes, mustard, and other articles of this
-nature; during this time also, they separate beds from their wives.</p>
-<p class="par">It increases the tone of the vessels; preserves health
-and strength.</p>
-<p class="par">The Hindoos enumerate many virtues of which the drug is
-possessed. It is understood to be hot in the 1st degree, and dry in the
-3rd. It is a favorite ingredient in fomentations, unguents, and
-prescriptions for aphrodisia and paralysis. It is in very general
-use.</p>
-<p id="p879" class="par"><span class="parNum">879</span> <span class=
-"sc">Madhooie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1583;&#1607;&#1608;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A flower
-of India; cool and light, and useful in disorders of the three
-secretions.</p>
-<p id="p880" class="par"><span class="parNum">880</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mansrowhnee</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1606;&#1587;
-&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A purgative medicine,
-useful in disorders of wind, bile, and mucus, and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p881" class="par"><span class="parNum">881</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maak</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1711;&#1729;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;<i>Phaseolus
-Max.</i> A name for <i>Aorde</i>, called also <i>Maash</i>; it is sweet
-during digestion; hot, heavy and aphrodisiac; used in disorders of
-wind; is tonic; a preservative to health, increases semen, milk, and
-fat; also mucus and bile; clears the urinary secretion; beneficial in
-piles, paralysis, affections of the liver, difficulty of breathing, and
-Badgola; said to be useful in cholic, but as to the three latter, I am
-not so certain about them, and suspect it might prove more likely to
-increase them.</p>
-<p id="p882" class="par"><span class="parNum">882</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maad</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1672;</span>.&mdash;The water in which rice has
-been boiled, and in which the rice has become decomposed; it is cool,
-astringent; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb149" href="#pb149" name=
-"pb149">149</a>]</span>creates appetite; expels wind, mucus and bile;
-softens the muscles, and is beneficial in bilious or mucous fevers.</p>
-<p id="p883" class="par"><span class="parNum">883</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maien</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Acid, astringent, cool,
-and light; contracts the vagina; useful in dysentery, disorders of
-bile, blood, and mucus; also affections of the throat. A.
-<i>Kuzmazidge</i>. P. <i>Kurmar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p884" class="par"><span class="parNum">884</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maachik</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1670;&#1602;</span>.&mdash;A name for honey of a
-reddish color; it is sweet, cool, dry, and light; reduces corpulency,
-strengthens vision, increases understanding, and beneficial in seminal
-weakness. The fresh kind is moist and aperient; that which is old is
-dry, and if heated is hurtful. I mean that which has been fermented,
-and that produced in hot climates.</p>
-<p id="p885" class="par"><span class="parNum">885</span> <span class=
-"sc">Majoophill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1580;&#1608;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Maijphill</i>. A. <i>Affix</i>. &ldquo;<i>Alleppo Galls</i>,
-<i>Quercus Cerris</i>, <i>Quercus Robur</i>.&rdquo; It is hot and
-astringent; useful in wind; blackens the hair, and contracts the
-vagina.</p>
-<p id="p886" class="par"><span class="parNum">886</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maankund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1606;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Istolekund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p887" class="par"><span class="parNum">887</span> <span class=
-"sc">Malook</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Palook</i>.</p>
-<p id="p888" class="par"><span class="parNum">888</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahesingie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1607;&#1609;
-&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Dhara
-Shekoi</i> has called this the water-scorpion; see <i>Beechoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p889" class="par"><span class="parNum">889</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maat</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;The name of a culinary green,
-used as food. If the root of this plant be cleared of the bark, and 100
-tolahs of this be boiled in 100 tolahs of milk, and as much fine honey,
-over a gentle fire, taken out and put in a vessel for use, it will be
-found highly useful in reproducing the secretion of milk in the breast
-of a woman, and is thus used: The woman is to anoint her body with
-sweet oil, then bathe in warm water, after which a little of this to be
-ate, and care taken that no wind obtain admission to the place where
-she sleeps; this done for 14 days, milk will be produced in great
-abundance.</p>
-<p id="p890" class="par"><span class="parNum">890</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maashpurnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1575;&#1588;&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Obtains
-its name from its leaves resembling <i>Maash</i>; it is called also
-<i>Makonie</i>; it is cool, dry, sweet, and pungent to the taste.
-Increases semen and mucus; useful in fever, eruptions of the mouth,
-dryness of the fauces, disorders of blood, and costiveness.</p>
-<p id="p891" class="par"><span class="parNum">891</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muttur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1657;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pisum Sativum.</i>
-P. <i>Kusshuba</i>.&rdquo; Hot, heavy, and aperient; increases wind,
-bile, and blood; is diuretic, and increases secretion of milk; useful
-in external swellings and disorders <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb150" href="#pb150" name="pb150">150</a>]</span>of mucus, weakens
-eye-sight and decreases semen. One kind is called <i>Betla</i>, and
-another is very small; both of these are sweet to the taste; in
-digestion cool, light, and astringent; useful in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and bile, and it is the best food for cows.</p>
-<p id="p892" class="par"><span class="parNum">892</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muttreegurba</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1657;&#1585;&#1610;
-&#1711;&#1585;&#1576;&#1729;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The eggs of fish.
-Moist, heavy, and aphrodisiac; tonic; induces corpulency, increases
-mucus and the bulk of the solids; brings on heaviness of the spirits
-and indolence, and cures seminal weakness.</p>
-<p id="p893" class="par"><span class="parNum">893</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muchechi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1670;&#1610;&#1670;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Cool and
-astringent; useful in Juzam, disorders of bile and blood, and is
-vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p894" class="par"><span class="parNum">894</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mucheli</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1670;&#1607;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Hot, moist,
-heavy, aphrodisiac, and tonic; increases phlegm and bile; beneficial in
-the seven dhats, and useful in disorders of wind.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>river fish</i> is the best, and most powerful as
-an aphrodisiac, and tonic. The <i>tank fish</i> are cool, heavy, moist,
-and aphrodisiac, also diuretic. <i>Well fish</i> are aphrodisiac and
-diuretic, increase mucus, cause disorders of the bowels and Juzam, and
-are flatulent. The <i>fish of jheels</i>, or large pieces of water,
-have the same properties as the <i>tank fish</i>; and those of small
-pools or puddles are sweet, moist, tonic, and useful, and cure
-disorders of wind. <i>Salt-water fish</i> produce bile in a slight
-degree, and are heavy. <i>All fish</i> induce costiveness and decrease
-the strength of the eyes, and the clearer the water, the more
-beneficial and more powerful are the properties of the fish. It will be
-prudent not to use well fish in cold weather. One kind of fish is very
-small, and named Pothee, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p895" class="par"><span class="parNum">895</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mujeeth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1580;&#1610;&#1578;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&rsquo;<i>Rubia
-Munjith</i>, Roxb. MS. Sp. ch. pentandrous, perennial, scandent,
-branches with four hisped angles, leaves quatern, long-petioled,
-cordate, acuminate, 5&ndash;7-nerved, hisped.&rsquo;
-&ldquo;<i>Madder</i>: given in the quantity of one pice weight in milk,
-several times repeated, its effects are very powerful; it affects the
-whole nervous system, produces profuse sweating, temporary delirium,
-mental agony and tears, with an evident determination to the uterine
-system.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>Trans.</i></p>
-<p class="par">A root of a red color, used by the dyers. It is an
-emmenagogue, and its taste is sweet, bitter, astringent; hot and heavy;
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb151" href="#pb151" name=
-"pb151">151</a>]</span>clears the voice and complexion; useful in
-disorders from poison, mucus, blood, swellings, ophthalmia, itchiness
-of the liver, pains, in the female parts of generation; Juzam,
-eruptions, acne, boils, seminal weakness, and dysentery. Its green
-leaves are sweet to the taste, moist, and create appetite, and
-beneficial in bilious disorders. A. <i>Foo</i>. H. <i>Aal</i>, q.
-v.</p>
-<p id="p896" class="par"><span class="parNum">896</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moojkund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1580;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A small plant;
-pungent, bitter; useful in mucous disorders, cough, and itch. It is
-very common in hilly countries.</p>
-<p id="p897" class="par"><span class="parNum">897</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhraa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1607;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Kakoli</i>, from its sweet taste so called.</p>
-<p id="p898" class="par"><span class="parNum">898</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muddenphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1606;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mynphill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p899" class="par"><span class="parNum">899</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudden</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Moom</i>.</p>
-<p id="p900" class="par"><span class="parNum">900</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudh</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;<i>Honey.</i></p>
-<p id="p901" class="par"><span class="parNum">901</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moodukpurnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1603;&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Rakanie</i>. Cool; beneficial in cough, wind, blood, bilious heat,
-fever, semen, and eye-sight; it is also called <i>Maagpurnie</i>. It is
-called <i>Mudukpurnie</i>, from its leaf so nearly resembling that of
-the <i>Moong</i>; <i>Muduk</i> being a name for <i>Moong</i>, and
-<i>purn</i>, a leaf.</p>
-<p id="p902" class="par"><span class="parNum">902</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhoolka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of grain; its properties the same as the <i>Muckund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p903" class="par"><span class="parNum">903</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhkurkuttie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1583;&#1607;&#1577;
-&#1603;&#1585;&#1603;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice;
-sweet, cool, and heavy; increases blood and causes eruptions in the
-mouth.</p>
-<p id="p904" class="par"><span class="parNum">904</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorhurrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1607;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Sweet and
-bitter, heavy and aperient; cures disorders of bile, blood, mucus,
-wind, thirst, affections of the heart, itch, Juzam, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p905" class="par"><span class="parNum">905</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A leaf resembling the
-<i>Mendhi</i>, brought from Lahore; cool and light; cures possession
-from evil spirits; is vermifuge, and useful in disorders of bile, wind,
-and blood; also in Juzam.</p>
-<p id="p906" class="par"><span class="parNum">906</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merg</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Ahoo</i>. Its flesh is sweeter than of any other animal; a little
-acid and saltish; bitter, pungent, and astringent; it is cool and
-light, flatulent; creates appetite; useful in disorders of all the
-secretions; is tonic, cardiac, beneficial in fever, and is an excellent
-medicated food.</p>
-<p id="p907" class="par"><span class="parNum">907</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murua</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Some say this is hot
-and light in the 3rd degree, and some that it is in equilibrio; it
-loosens mucus from the head, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb152" href=
-"#pb152" name="pb152">152</a>]</span>and dispels wind. If boiled in
-vinegar, and used as an external application to the head, it will
-remove obstructions that produce head-ache. Prepared in this way, it
-also removes swellings or eruptions caused by heat or irritating
-applications. It is cardiac and stomachic, discusses collections of
-bile, removes the effects of any animal poison, Juzam, and disorders of
-mucus and wind. Is vermifuge. A. <i>Isoomulphar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p908" class="par"><span class="parNum">908</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorhuttee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1607;&#1657;&#1609;</span> or <i>Mudhserda</i>.
-Cool, heavy, tonic, and aperient; allays thirst and nausea, and
-relieves disorders of bile. A. <i>Isilloosoos</i>; it is the
-<i>Baboonie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p909" class="par"><span class="parNum">909</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merch</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1670;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Piper Nigrum</i>, W.
-<i>Maricha</i>, San. <i>Poivre</i>, F.&rdquo; Pungent, penetrating,
-stimulant, carminative; hot and dry; useful in disorders of mucus,
-wind, difficulty of breathing, and internal itchiness; is vermifuge;
-expels bile, and assists digestion.</p>
-<p id="p910" class="par"><span class="parNum">910</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merchai</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1670;&#1575;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Hubboneel</i>; hot, dry, and laxative; removes viscid bile, also
-mucus and worms.</p>
-<p id="p911" class="par"><span class="parNum">911</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mursa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1587;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Amaranthus
-oleraceus.</i> A potherb.&rdquo; An esculent, succulent vegetable,
-which when boiled with salt and butter is sweet, high-flavored, and
-aperient.</p>
-<p id="p912" class="par"><span class="parNum">912</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mernal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1606;&#1575;&#1604;</span><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e18311" title="Not in source">.</span>&mdash;The stem of the
-<i>Kawul</i> flower.</p>
-<p id="p913" class="par"><span class="parNum">913</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murorphillie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Helieteres
-Isora.</i>&rdquo; A medicine of India. P. <i>Kistburkisht</i>
-(<i>Sheeraree Pechuc</i>); a long twisted shrub, having a single
-flower, of a purple color; its leaves resemble the scorpion&rsquo;s
-tail; hot and dry in the 2nd degree; some call it hot in the 1st and
-dry in the 2nd degree. It assists digestion, and clears the skin;
-removes thickened and viscid mucus, and forms an ingredient in all
-children&rsquo;s medicines. As an external application, it is useful in
-swellings from cold, in itch or daad, expels wind, and decreases milk
-or semen; its corrector is <i>Hubbeh senobir</i>; its succedaneum
-thrice its weight of <i>Sibr</i> (aloes). Dose one direm.</p>
-<p id="p914" class="par"><span class="parNum">914</span> <span class=
-"sc">Missie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A shrub of India, about a yard
-high; its branches thin and its leaves like the Kussowndie: its
-branches are knotted, and when slit open, an insect is found in them,
-which is given to the <i>Boolbul</i>, when training them to fight. Its
-flower is very small, of a reddish yellow, like the <i>Gowzeban</i>; it
-is also called the <i>Kakjunga</i>, q. v. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb153" href="#pb153" name="pb153">153</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p915" class="par"><span class="parNum">915</span> <span class=
-"sc">Musoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1587;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Adiess</i>. A
-common grain of the pea tribe; cool, light, and astringent; useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, and is sweet during digestion.</p>
-<p id="p916" class="par"><span class="parNum">916</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mustchagundka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1587;&#1670;&#1575;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of sugar, useful in eruptions from diffused bile, seminal
-weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p917" class="par"><span class="parNum">917</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mukoond</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;Sweet to the taste;
-bitter in digestion; hot and dry; light; decreases corpulence; induces
-costiveness and wind; it is a kind of grain.</p>
-<p id="p918" class="par"><span class="parNum">918</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muggur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1711;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Tumsa</i>. (The
-Alligator.) Its flesh is greasy and heavy; used in disorders of wind,
-and increases mucus and semen.</p>
-<p id="p919" class="par"><span class="parNum">919</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muko</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1603;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Anbus saleb</i>. P. <i>Sugangoor</i>. Very beneficial in
-swellings. Its juice is useful in increasing the eyesight, and for
-restraining the menstrual flux; cool and moist.</p>
-<p id="p920" class="par"><span class="parNum">920</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mug Peepul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1711;&#1662;&#1610;&#1662;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-Peepul.</p>
-<p id="p921" class="par"><span class="parNum">921</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moogta Sukut</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1603;&#1578;&#1575;&#1587;&#1603;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the shell of the pearl-oyster; it is sweet and pungent, used
-in mucous disorders, difficulty of breathing, pains of the chest and
-bowels, and loss of appetite.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">922</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moogtaphill</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1603;&#1578;&#1575;&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for the pearl.</p>
-<p id="p923" class="par"><span class="parNum">923</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mukhara</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1603;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Commonly
-called <i>Mukhana</i>, <i>Euryale ferox</i>. It is cool and heavy,
-useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood; is aphrodisiac, and
-increases semen; and is found very beneficial to women after labor. It
-is often called <i>Talmukhana</i>, but it is quite a different
-medicine.</p>
-<p id="p924" class="par"><span class="parNum">924</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mullagheer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1604;&#1575;&#1711;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The name
-of a tree, the wood of which is very heavy, and full of veins. It is
-brought from a distance; when pounded, it is of a reddish black color,
-has fine smell, and is used in India for dying and for giving a
-pleasant odour to clothes. It is cardiac, strengthens the brain, and
-gives a pleasant effluvia to the perspiration; cures discolorations of
-the skin of the face, and in some Indian works is called a species of
-Sandal. Its properties are the same with <i>Rukutchunden</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb154" href="#pb154" name=
-"pb154">154</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p925" class="par"><span class="parNum">925</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mulleka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1604;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A kind of the flower of
-the <i>Rai-bele</i>: it is hot, light, aphrodisiac; cures disorders of
-wind, eruptions of the mouth, and all affections thereof.</p>
-<p id="p926" class="par"><span class="parNum">926</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mulleen</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1604;&#1610;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A root of India, of a
-clay color; hot, dry, and pungent; if bruised and applied to the head,
-it kills vermin; it destroys maggots in ulcers; the leaves possess the
-same property. I knew a man who had severe head-aches from maggots in
-the brain: I squeezed the juice of this into the nose, it killed and
-brought them away.</p>
-<p id="p927" class="par"><span class="parNum">927</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moondie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1672;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Raderyoos</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Spheranthus Indicus.</i>&rdquo; It is also called
-<i>Tuppodenie</i>, so denominated from its being used in penance; if
-any one preserves a constant respect for this, he will become the
-peculiar favorite of Heaven. It is also called <i>Srawanie</i>; this
-name is derived from the circumstance of its bearing fruit in the month
-<i>Srawun</i>. The leaf is somewhat like the mint, the flower round or
-globulated, and of a rose-color; it has a sweet smell, and is a
-medicine of great virtue. It is sweet and a little bitter, but very
-much so during digestion; it is hot, light; increases understanding; is
-vermifuge; useful in boils and eruptions of an obstinate nature; is
-pungent; cures pains in the parts of generation of the female,
-marasmus, gonorrh&oelig;a, and disorders of bile. If the plant be
-pulled out by the root before it flowers, and dried in the shade, and
-ate with wheat flour, cow&rsquo;s ghee, and sugar, it will restore and
-preserve youth, and prevent the hair from becoming grey; and if pounded
-and often used in powder, it will be found peculiarly tonic. If its
-seed be ate with sugar, it will preserve health to the extreme of old
-age.</p>
-<p class="par">An old man is said to have eaten a preparation of this
-for a year constantly: the strength of youth was restored to him, and
-he lived to the age of 205 years. The physicians of India declare this
-to be the basis of the <i>Elixir Vit&aelig;</i>. If the plant is taken
-before it flowers, and is bruised and eaten with ghee and honey, both
-the strength and appearance of youth will be preserved. Indeed, the
-extent of its virtues is only known to the most scientific of
-physicians. If its flowers are eaten for 40 days, the same effect will
-be produced; and the root used without intermission for <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb155" href="#pb155" name="pb155">155</a>]</span>a
-year, incalculable benefit will be the result. If the root and leaves
-be bruised and eaten for three days, with cow&rsquo;s milk and honey,
-it will be found highly aphrodisiac. If one of the seeds be swallowed
-without water, the eye-sight will be preserved, and no affection of the
-eyes will take place for a year. If two are swallowed, the eye-sight
-will be preserved for two years, and <i>so on</i>. I used it myself in
-my infancy, or early days, and have preserved my sight in a wonderful
-manner. My uncle used the distilled water of this, in depression of the
-spirits, and as a cardiac, with great success: he sometimes distilled
-from equal parts of this and <i>Gowjeban</i>, at other times with other
-cardiac medicines. If half a masha of the oil of this be ate with
-<i>Paan</i> in the cold weather, it will produce a genial warmth over
-the body; it will also remove affections from cold, and be found
-aphrodisiac. The oil is thus procured:</p>
-<p class="par">The plant is moistened with water, and then rubbed
-between the hands with any sweet-scented oil, but not too much; it is
-then to be extracted in the same manner as that of <i>Agur</i> is
-procured. If a chittack of the following oil be eaten daily for 40
-days, and during this time abstaining from intercourse with woman, it
-will be found that the aphrodisiac power will have become so great,
-that it will seem wonderful. It is thus prepared:</p>
-<p class="par">Take the leaves, root, and all parts of the plant;
-bruise them, sprinkling a little water over them; then squeeze out 20
-seers of the juice, and add to it five seers of sweet oil; boil the
-whole till the juice shall have evaporated, and the residue is the oil.
-Some use the medicine in this manner. During the months of August and
-September, with cow&rsquo;s ghee. In April and May, with honey. In June
-and July, with sugar. In February and March, with congee. In October
-and November, with cow&rsquo;s milk; and in December and January, with
-sour milk. The author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i> has said that the root
-is to be bruised in a copper vessel, with a pestle of the Neeb tree,
-adding a little water, till it has become black; then taken up by
-dipping cotton into it, and preserved for use. In the ophthalmia, a
-little of the cotton moistened and applied to the eye, will remove the
-disease. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb156" href="#pb156" name=
-"pb156">156</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Moondie</i> is a medicine of India, of two kinds, a
-large and small; its flowers are like buttons, and it is of a
-bitterish, astringent taste. It is cool and dry in the 1st degree, and
-is, in the opinion of some, in equilibrium: both kinds of it are
-beneficial in disorders of the blood, white leprosy, epilepsy,
-heart-burn, elephantiasis, cough, incessant vomiting, diarrh&oelig;a,
-flatulence, all disorders of the eyes, feverish head-ache, itch, heat
-in the chest, marasmus, and all bilious disorders; it creates appetite,
-and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p928" class="par"><span class="parNum">928</span> <span class=
-"sc">Munn</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Morh&oelig;marh</i>. A. <i>Hujuroolheya</i>. A stone found in the
-nape of the neck of a snake of the Cobra species, but it is not found
-in all; when in the reptile, it is soft, but it hardens by exposure to
-the air. It has a variegated surface, and its virtues are these, that
-if rubbed on a blue or black woollen cloth, it will deprive the cloth
-of its color; also, if applied to any part bitten by a reptile, it will
-adhere till it shall have extracted the poison. If it be put into milk,
-it will change its color. If it is applied to the bite of a snake, it
-will extract the poison. And if it be eaten, no snake can ever by its
-bite produce hurtful effects on your system.</p>
-<p id="p929" class="par"><span class="parNum">929</span> <span class=
-"sc">Munsul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1587;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Bitter, pungent, hot,
-and moist; heavy and aperient; an antidote to poisons; cures affections
-of mucus, blood, difficulty of breathing, and cough; clears the color
-of the skin, reduces corpulency; and removes possession by evil
-spirits. It is called <i>Zernikh Soorkh</i>. &ldquo;Red Sulphuret of
-Arsenic.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p930" class="par"><span class="parNum">930</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moondookpurnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1603;&#1662;&#1585;&#1606;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Birumbie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p931" class="par"><span class="parNum">931</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mundar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A small shrub,
-of two kinds; both bitter, pungent, hot, and laxative; useful in
-disorders of mucus, and increase of fat in the abdomen, itch, and
-swellings; and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p932" class="par"><span class="parNum">932</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moot</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Shasha</i>, or <i>Kumeer</i>. A. <i>Bowl</i>. Urine. That of cows,
-buffaloes, horses, goats, camels, rams, and men, is saltish and bitter;
-dry, light, aperient, and cardiac; increases appetite and relish for
-food; useful in general swellings; clears the brain and all excretory
-passages; increases bile; beneficial in disorders of wind, Badgola,
-piles, and dropsy; is vermifuge, and used in <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb157" href="#pb157" name=
-"pb157">157</a>]</span>Juzam, marasmus, flatulence, internal itchiness,
-and want of appetite.</p>
-<p class="par">Cow&rsquo;s is the best and most effectual.
-Elephant&rsquo;s urine is an antidote to poisons, and generally
-vermifuge; useful in <span class="corr" id="xd24e18651" title=
-"Source: Jumaz">Juzam</span> and Badgola. Buffalo&rsquo;s, beneficial
-in swellings, Badgola, piles, marasmus, and seminal weakness.
-Horse&rsquo;s is aperient; cures disorders of mucus, and <i>Daad</i>.
-Goat&rsquo;s is an antidote to poisons; removes difficulty of
-breathing, jaundice, and marasmus. Ram&rsquo;s cures emaciation,
-swellings, Juzam, piles, seminal weakness, and costiveness. Ass&rsquo;s
-is lithontriptic; useful in seminal weakness, Juzam, idiotism, internal
-itchiness, and dropsy, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p class="par">Human urine is an antidote to poison, and particularly
-tonic. When a choice is to be made between male and female, this rule
-may be observed. Of the cow, sheep, and goat, the female; of elephant,
-horse, camel, and ass, the male; also the male of the human subject.
-Should a person at any time feel symptoms of indigestion, and be afraid
-of the consequences, a little of his own urine will relieve all
-unpleasant sensations and expedite digestion, but this can only be
-resorted to by people of no caste.</p>
-<p id="p933" class="par"><span class="parNum">933</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e18665" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Moonjee">Monje</span></span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1606;&#1580;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;The leaf and
-external fibrous covering of a kind of reed like grass, used to make
-rope. It is equally cold and hot; useful in acne, disorders of blood,
-diseases of the eyes, and all complaints affecting the urinary bladder,
-or urethra.</p>
-<p id="p934" class="par"><span class="parNum">934</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mooser</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1587;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Sweet, bitter, heavy;
-promotes appetite, cures piles and disorders of wind; increases semen,
-and is an ingredient in all tonic prescriptions. I fancy this is the
-<i>Shukakool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p935" class="par"><span class="parNum">935</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moocherus</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bombax
-Heptaphyllum.</i> The tree.&rdquo; The gum of the <i>Sembill</i> tree,
-also so named by the author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i>, but it is
-commonly understood to be the flower of the <i>Soopearie</i> tree. It
-is cool, heavy, and astringent; increases semen; restrains
-diarrh&oelig;a; increases the tone of the digestive organs; removes
-disorders of blood, bile, mucus, and general heat. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb158" href="#pb158" name="pb158">158</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Moocherus</i> is of two kinds, one according to some
-is the gum of the <i>Sahajena</i>, and by the account of others, that
-of the <i>Sembill</i> tree. It is red, heavy, and difficult of
-digestion. The other kind is the flower of the <i>Soopearie</i>; both
-kinds are cool, dry, astringent, and aphrodisiac; strengthen the back,
-kidnies, and loins; increase semen, and lengthen aphrodisia. Its
-corrector is sugar and cow&rsquo;s ghee. The succedaneum is
-<i>Kummarkuss</i>.</p>
-<p id="p936" class="par"><span class="parNum">936</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mohuk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1603;</span> also
-<i>Bohuk</i>; useful in disorders of mucus and wind, and slightly
-increases bile; some have said that this is the <i>Mowa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p937" class="par"><span class="parNum">937</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mokhun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1603;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, hot
-and astringent; useful in diseases of wind and mucus, in worms in the
-stomach, and pain therefrom, rheumatic pains in the joints and bones,
-and its gum is aphrodisiac; increases the bulk of the muscles, and of
-use in disorders of bile and wind.</p>
-<p id="p938" class="par"><span class="parNum">938</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moong</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Phaseolus
-Mungo.</i>&rdquo; And one kind, which grows wild. It is cool, dry,
-light, and astringent; used in disorders of mucus and bile; strengthens
-the eyes, and is fit and proper food for the sick; it however weakens
-the stomach&mdash;this I know by experience. If given to a person of
-weak digestive organs, it will be passed unchanged, although other food
-will be digested. I therefore conclude that it is too difficult of
-assimilation to be used with advantage, as here recommended. It weakens
-aphrodisia. P. <i>Maash</i>.</p>
-<p id="p939" class="par"><span class="parNum">939</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;A grain of India; cool;
-some say in equilibrium. It is dry, quick of digestion, and if used
-with cow&rsquo;s ghee, its flavor will be much improved. It cleanses
-the blood, is sweet during digestion, relieves wind, and removes
-laxities of the bowels; some indeed have called it aperient: cures
-mucus disorders, strokes of the wind or sun, and removes fever. It
-produces worms.</p>
-<p id="p940" class="par"><span class="parNum">940</span> <span class=
-"sc">More</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;The <i>Peacock</i>? Its flesh
-is hot, aphrodisiac, and tonic; beneficial in diseases of the ear,
-colds, dryness, and creates appetite; increases understanding, thickens
-the hair of the head, strengthens eye-sight, cleans the voice, and
-beautifies <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb159" href="#pb159" name=
-"pb159">159</a>]</span>the complexion. It ought to be ate in the cold
-season, as it is not so beneficial in the hot winds and rains. P.
-<i>Taous</i>.</p>
-<p id="p941" class="par"><span class="parNum">941</span> <span class=
-"sc">Morba</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A medicine of
-India. Its root hard, and of a clay color; hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree: used as an external application in swellings of the throat, and
-one direm of it eaten, it will loosen phlegm from the throat.</p>
-<p id="p942" class="par"><span class="parNum">942</span> <span class=
-"sc">Motha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cyperus
-rotundus.</i> <i>Cyperus pertenuis</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; A name for Saad;
-bitter, astringent, and cool; inducing costiveness; assisting
-digestion; used in disorders of blood, mucus, bile, and fever; removes
-thirst, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p943" class="par"><span class="parNum">943</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moom</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1605;</span>.&mdash;Soft and greasy, cures pain of
-bruises; and boils; assists the growth of granulations in wounds, and
-the junction of fractured bones; useful in affections of wind, blood,
-and Juzam. A. <i>Shuma</i>.</p>
-<p id="p944" class="par"><span class="parNum">944</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mookul.</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1603;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;Restrains laxities of
-the bowels, is heavy and tonic; useful in disorders of bile and wind,
-creates appetite, and is very aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p945" class="par"><span class="parNum">945</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moolie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>
-or <i>Moolug</i>.&mdash;Hot and light, creates appetite, clears the
-voice, benefits affections of the throat, the olfactory nerves, and the
-three secretions; dried, it is light and very beneficial in piles,
-swelling, stone and gravel. Salt extracted from the radish in the usual
-way, by being dried and burned, is diuretic; useful in suppressions of
-urine, and promotes digestion.</p>
-<p id="p946" class="par"><span class="parNum">946</span> <span class=
-"sc">Motie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Its properties nearly
-resembling those of <i>Chunder Kanth</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p947" class="par"><span class="parNum">947</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moonga</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1606;&#1711;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Mirjhan</i>; bitter and sweet; useful in disorders of bile, heat,
-wind, and mucus; increases semen and is cardiac.</p>
-<p id="p948" class="par"><span class="parNum">948</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mowlserie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1604;&#1587;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>Mimusops
-Elengi.</i> <i>Bukool</i>, H. Sweet, astringent, and cool; causes
-intoxication, raises the spirits and is an antidote to poisons. Its
-flowers have a sweet smell; the fruit is cool, sweet, and astringent;
-improves the color of the skin, and imparts a pleasant taste to the
-mouth. I have found the fruit to be cardiac and stomachic; the root is
-beneficial in seminal weakness, in strengthening the loins, and
-increasing the consistence of semen. Its name is also <i>Bowlserie</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb160" href="#pb160" name=
-"pb160">160</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Bowlserie</i> is cool and dry; its bark and root
-useful in thickening semen, and remedying too great seminal
-irritability: if its bark is boiled in milk, and as a gargle, it will
-remove tooth-ache. The flowers are somewhat hot, cardiac, and
-stomachic; its distilled water is intoxicating, and useful in disorders
-of bile, thirst, and delirium.</p>
-<p id="p949" class="par"><span class="parNum">949</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mooslee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1608;&#1587;&#1604;&#1609;</span> or
-<i>Mooslicund</i>.&mdash;Sweet and cool; removes bile and heat;
-increases a proper secretion of mucus, and if eaten with sweet oil, it
-will relieve discharges from the nose from cold. Used with rock salt,
-it will increase appetite; with water it will remove pains in the
-bowels. It is of several kinds: black and white. The former resembles
-the Shakakool, but the bark of the Shakakool is white, whereas this is
-black; the white kind is thin, and resembles <i>Mahi roobyan</i>,
-called also <i>Mooslie Dukanee</i>. Another kind is also white, and
-thinner than the black kind, yet thicker than the <i>Dukanee</i>. All
-three kinds are used in aphrodisiac formul&aelig;; some have called it
-hot, and useful in piles and disorders of wind. If half a direm be
-taken with <i>Zeera</i>, it will be found beneficial in Jaundice; and
-if taken with equal parts of good ginger, it will cure indigestion. If
-eaten with the leaves of <i>Punskisht</i> in equal parts, it will
-remedy offensive perspiration, and with <i>Streephill</i>, it will
-remove seminal weakness; with <i>Peepul</i>, it will cure Hydrophobia,
-and with <i>Anula</i> it cures intermittents.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Mooslie</i> is of two kinds, black and white; the
-black is called <i>Mooslie Dukanee</i>, dry in the first degree, and
-hot in the second; some say hot in the first degree and dry in the
-second. It is aphrodisiac, and increases semen; removes head-ache from
-phlegm and seminal weakness, (3 direms with as much of the white of the
-cocoanut.) In giddiness it is administered with honey; as a tonic with
-milk and <i>Isgun</i>; for injuries of the labi&aelig; and vagina with
-<i>Darfelfil</i>; for carbuncle with <i>Zemicund</i>; for dropsy, with
-camel&rsquo;s milk or <i>Mocoe</i> water. As an antidote to poison,
-with <i>Kawanch</i> seed; in quartan ague, with cold water; in
-<i>Soorkhbad</i>, with <i>Tirphilla</i>; in habitual fever, with
-cow&rsquo;s urine; in pains in the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb161"
-href="#pb161" name="pb161">161</a>]</span>bowels, with hot-water; in
-the bite of a snake, with sugar, honey, or <i>Tincar</i>; in deafness,
-with mint or <i>Kanjee</i> for seven days; in black jaundice, with
-<i>Baberung</i>; and for gonorrh&oelig;a or diabetes, with water.</p>
-<p class="par">In the opinion of the Hindoos, this is the best of all
-medicines, and the black kind the most powerful for medicinal
-purposes.</p>
-<p id="p950" class="par"><span class="parNum">950</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorsheka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1588;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A tree, whose
-leaves growing like the plume of the peacock, has obtained for it this
-name. It is sweet and acid; useful in disorders of bile, wind, mucus,
-and heat.</p>
-<p id="p951" class="par"><span class="parNum">951</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mogra</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1711;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum
-Zambac.</i> <i>Magorium.</i>&rdquo; A flower very common; sweet and
-cool, and of a pleasant smell; raises the spirits; removes bile;
-improves weakness of sight, affections of the mouth, and ulcers. There
-are seven kinds of it.</p>
-<p id="p952" class="par"><span class="parNum">952</span> <span class=
-"sc">Musakunie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1587;&#1575;&#1603;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A shrub
-of two kinds, the first rises only about four inches, more or less, and
-has on both sides of it two leaves, like a mouse; the other kind
-remains on the ground, like the leaf of the <i>Doodie</i>. Its flower
-is of a blue color; the first kind is scarce: both are hot, bitter, and
-diuretic, and useful in disorders of bile and mucus; it is called
-<i>Murzunjoosh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p953" class="par"><span class="parNum">953</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maha Moondie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1575;&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Moondie</i>, of a larger kind; its flower as large as the
-<i>Kudum</i> flower; its properties the same as the
-<i>Bhoomkudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p954" class="par"><span class="parNum">954</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahwa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bassia
-latifolia.</i>&rdquo; A tree as large as the mangoe; its leaves large
-and thick; its wood used in building, very common to the eastward. A
-spirit is distilled from its flower; its fruit is named
-<i>Kelownda</i>; the unripe shell of it dressed with meat much improves
-its flavor. It is hot and dry. One kind of it is named
-<i>Rahisphill</i>. The decoction, the distilled water and spirit, have
-an offensive smell, produce giddiness, and much subsequent uneasiness.
-The flower when just blown is white, but as it becomes ripe assumes a
-yellow color like the <i>Benowlee</i>, but larger, and it is sweet to
-the taste. The kernel of its fruit gives an oil of a white color, and
-is used to adulterate ghee. Its properties are said to be, that it is
-useful in mucus and wind, and cicatrizes wounds. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb162" href="#pb162" name="pb162">162</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Its flower is cool and heavy; aphrodisiac; increases the
-secretion of milk and semen, also mucus; useful in disorders of bile,
-blood, wind, and in hectic fever. Called <i>Goolchukan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p955" class="par"><span class="parNum">955</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahkee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1603;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet to
-the taste; hot and moist, also heavy; useful in disorders of wind, and
-has a soporific property. It is aphrodisiac, increases semen,
-strengthens memory, and preserves health. It is a name for the buffalo.
-A. <i>Jamoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p956" class="par"><span class="parNum">956</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mohoka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1608;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cuculus
-Castaneus</i>, Buch.&rdquo; A bird, the note of which is sounded
-<i>okok</i>, it is also called <i>Uka</i>. Its brain mixed with
-perfumes, and used as a cephalic in cases of palsy of the tongue, and
-paralysis, produces sneezing, and gives relief. Its blood is used to
-extract thorns or heads of arrows from the flesh. Its brain, mixed with
-sugar and given to children, produces distinct articulation. The flesh
-is said to be hot and dry, and to strengthen memory. Its f&aelig;ces is
-used as a medicine in difficulty of breathing.</p>
-<p id="p957" class="par"><span class="parNum">957</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahaneem</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1575;&#1606;&#1610;&#1605;</span><span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e19134" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Melia sempervirens</i>,<a id=
-"xd24e19140" name="xd24e19140"></a> W. The leaves of this species of
-the bead tree have a nauseous taste, devoid of astringency.
-Flem.&rdquo; Its taste is bitter and astringent; it is cool and dry;
-removes laxities of the bowels; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and
-blood. Is vermifuge; allays vomiting and nausea, and is very powerful
-in Juzam. It is commonly called <i>Bucaen</i>. <i>Shaikh Boo Ali
-Seyna</i>, in his work called <i>Kanoon</i>, has written, that
-<i>Azad</i> is the name of a poisonous tree; and <i>Hakeem Ally</i> has
-written, that the <i>Azad</i> is the <i>Bucaen</i> tree; others too
-have followed him up, and stated it to be the <i>Bucaen</i>: but as I
-have repeatedly exhibited the <i>Bucaen</i>, I know that it possesses
-no poisonous qualities, consequently this must either be a mistake or a
-false statement. In the <i>Moasoodie</i>, it is written, that the
-<i>Bucaen</i> is a tree of India, cool, dry, astringent, vermifuge,
-beneficial in Juzam, eruptions, disorders of blood, and that it is
-lithontriptic. If three direms of the seed in powder be taken, it will
-be found useful in piles, and stop the discharge from bleeding piles; a
-fumigation of the seeds will also be found useful. The young leaves
-bruised and taken will correct an increased discharge of the menstrual
-flux; the leaves heated and applied to piles, or the loins in lumbago,
-will give great relief, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb163" href=
-"#pb163" name="pb163">163</a>]</span>and as an application to boils it
-exceeds the Neem in virtue. The seeds bruised and rubbed among the hair
-will kill vermin; and the bark burnt, and with equal parts of
-<i>Kuth</i>, applied to the mouth, will cure eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p958" class="par"><span class="parNum">958</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Hinna</i>, &ldquo;<i>Lawsonia Inermis</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p959" class="par"><span class="parNum">959</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahasutawurie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1575;&#1588;&#1578;&#1575;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Shatawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p960" class="par"><span class="parNum">960</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahawunth</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1575;&#1608;&#1606;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Kudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p961" class="par"><span class="parNum">961</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahameed</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1607;&#1575;&#1605;&#1610;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A species
-of this is called <i>Meede</i>. Both are cool, heavy, sweet to the
-taste; improve the senses; are powerfully tonic; increase milk and
-semen; are aphrodisiac, increase phlegm, cure eruptions from cold,
-cough from bile, but increase cough from phlegm. This medicine is very
-scarce, and seldom met with.</p>
-<p id="p962" class="par"><span class="parNum">962</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahawur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1729;&#1575;&#1576;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;Its properties
-come near those of the <i>Lac</i>. It is useful in discoloured specks
-on the face, and acne punctata; bruised and introduced into the ear, it
-cures the ear-ache.</p>
-<p id="p963" class="par"><span class="parNum">963</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendi Anwul</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;
-&#1575;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Anwul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p964" class="par"><span class="parNum">964</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mayursuka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1608;&#1585;&#1587;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Light;
-cures disorders of bile and mucus, and restrains laxities of the
-bowels.</p>
-<p id="p965" class="par"><span class="parNum">965</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mayoorshuka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1608;&#1585;&#1588;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-<i>Moorshuka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p966" class="par"><span class="parNum">966</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Meshe</i>.
-Its flesh is heavy, moist, tonic; increases wind and bile. This is the
-name of the male, and his meat is preferable to the female.
-&ldquo;Ram.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p967" class="par"><span class="parNum">967</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mynphill</span> <span lang="ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1606;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Gardenia Dumetorum</i>,
-K&ouml;en. <i>Vangueria Spinosa</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; Bitter and hot,
-astringent and dry, light and emetic; useful in disorders of mucus and
-Juzam, swellings, flatulence, and dryness of the seven <i>Dhats</i>,
-<i>Badgola</i>, and is suppurating.</p>
-<p id="p968" class="par"><span class="parNum">968</span> <span class=
-"sc">Methie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1578;&#1729;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Trigonella
-F&oelig;num-gr&aelig;cum</i>, Wild.&rdquo; Hot and dry; <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e19337" title="Source: exhilirates">exhilarates</span>
-the spirits; creates appetite; induces costiveness; is vermifuge, and
-decreases semen. Its seed is useful in cough, nausea, and disorders of
-mucus. A. <i>Hoolba</i>.</p>
-<p id="p969" class="par"><span class="parNum">969</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mydhasingie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1583;&#1607;&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Doodie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p970" class="par"><span class="parNum">970</span> <span class=
-"sc">Myoorjung</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1608;&#1585;&#1580;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Aoloo</i>; obtains its name from its stem resembling in
-straightness the peacock&rsquo;s leg.</p>
-<p id="p971" class="par"><span class="parNum">971</span> <span class=
-"sc">Meed</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Mahameed</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb164" href="#pb164" name=
-"pb164">164</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p972" class="par"><span class="parNum">972</span> <span class=
-"sc">Meetanimboo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1610;&#1657;&#1729;&#1575;&#1606;&#1576;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;Called
-also, <i>Rajenimboophill</i>, and in P. <i>Shukurleemboo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p973" class="par"><span class="parNum">973</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nalee</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span>
-or <i>Narie</i>.&mdash;A small plant, which lies on the ground. Its
-leaves somewhat like the tamarind leaf. In some works the <i>Narie</i>
-is separately described. Its qualities are hot, and it is discutient;
-useful in affections of wind from cold; is laxative and beneficial in
-disorders of the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p974" class="par"><span class="parNum">974</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naryil</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1585;&#1610;&#1574;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cocos
-nucifera.</i>&rdquo; A tree like the <i>Taar</i> or <i>Khoojoor</i>;
-its fruit is oval, and betwixt that and its covering is a fibrous
-substance in considerable quantities; its weight from half a rittal to
-one or more. It is cool; slow of digestion; expels gravel; induces
-costiveness; is aphrodisiac and tonic; useful in disorders of wind,
-blood, bile, general heat; and its water is cool, light and cardiac;
-increases appetite and semen. If not quickly drunk, and has become
-fermented, it produces some degree of intoxication, raises the spirits,
-and is tonic. Its cheese, when first produced, resembles milk, and is
-said to be very sweet; it afterwards becomes hardened, and increases
-semen, wind, and disorders of bile. Bullienas, a physician, has
-related, that if a torch is made of the rind and coir, and burnt in the
-midst of a large company, it will produce so soporific an effect as to
-put them all to sleep.</p>
-<p id="p975" class="par"><span class="parNum">975</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naringee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;&#1711;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Some have
-stated this to be a name for <i>Narinje</i>, but this is a mistake; it
-is produced in Indostan. Its properties are less powerful than
-<i>Sungterra</i> or <i>Kowla</i>, but its acid greater.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Narinje</i> is the <i>Citrus Aurantium</i>, or
-<i>Nagaranga</i>, San. Rind stomachic; juice acid and
-bitter.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p976" class="par"><span class="parNum">976</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagesur</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1711;&#1610;&#1587;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mesua
-ferrea.</i>&rdquo; Indian rose <span class="corr" id="xd24e19477"
-title="Source: chesnut">chestnut</span>? A seed smaller than the
-<i>Kubabcheenee</i>; the plant is thin, and its stem long. It is dry,
-light, corrects indigested food; cures or removes offensive smell from
-the perspiration; useful in Juzam, acne, mucus, and poisons; it is said
-to be a name for <i>Narmusk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p977" class="par"><span class="parNum">977</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagdown</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1711;&#1583;&#1608;&#1606;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;<i>Mugwort?</i>
-Cures boils and eruptions, and is an antidote to the poison of spiders
-and snakes. A. <i>Huleyoon</i>, <i>Artemisia Vulgaris</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb165" href="#pb165" name="pb165">165</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p978" class="par"><span class="parNum">978</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagdumnie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1711;&#1583;&#1605;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A wood
-resembling a snake, from which it obtains its name. It coils round like
-the snake, and may easily be mistaken for that reptile. It is bitter;
-increases the size of the muscles; is tonic and light; used in
-disorders of bile and mucus, gonorrh&oelig;a, eruptions, Lues Venerea,
-and poisons; it remedies laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p979" class="par"><span class="parNum">979</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murdok</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1605;&#1585;&#1583;&#1608;&#1705;</span>.&mdash;A shrub, found
-in the hills; its leaves like those of the cucumber, its root called
-<i>Davaun nemr</i>. The leopard eats the root, which produces a
-swelling near its tail on the back: this is called <i>Hadjurun
-nemr</i>. P. <i>Nirkpulung</i>. This if bruised, and applied to the
-carbuncle, will expedite its cure; and if a woman applies it to the
-parts of generation, she will not conceive; and if her husband visits
-another woman after having been with her, she will not conceive. It is
-a runnet, and coagulates milk. If preserved about your person, and you
-visit a baker&rsquo;s shop, the bread will fall from the oven into the
-fire. It is about the size of a clove of garlic, and is variegated on
-its surface like the skin of the tiger.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="noon" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1606;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p980" class="par first"><span class="parNum">980</span>
-<span class="sc">Nadey</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A species of
-<i>Jamin</i>.</p>
-<p id="p981" class="par"><span class="parNum">981</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagarmotha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1711;&#1585;&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Motha</i>. <i>Cyperus Pertenuis.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">982</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagbulla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1711;&#1576;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Sweet,
-acid, and astringent; hot and slow of digestion; useful in itch and
-ulcers, also in disorders of bile.</p>
-<p id="p983" class="par"><span class="parNum">983</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naa&oelig;</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A common shrub, very
-hot; useful in disorders of wind and mucus; produces appetite; assists
-digestion. Its leaves used as a culinary vegetable.</p>
-<p id="p984" class="par"><span class="parNum">984</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nirbissie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1585;&#1576;&#1587;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Jedwar</i>. &ldquo;<i>Curcuma Zedoaria.</i> <i>Amomum Zedoaria.</i>
-<i>Kempferia Rotunda.</i>&rdquo; Sp. ch. Spikes lateral, bulbs small,
-with long yellow palmated tubers; leaves broad-lanceolar, sub-sessile
-on their sheath, sericeous underneath; color uniform green.
-<i>Banhildie</i>; pungent and cool; useful in disorders of wind, mucus,
-blood, and every kind of poison. Is tonic; carminative; useful in
-flatulent cholic, but it increases ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p985" class="par"><span class="parNum">985</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nerkutchoor</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1585;&#1603;&#1670;&#1608;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;See
-<i>Kutchoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p986" class="par"><span class="parNum">986</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nergoondie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1585;&#1711;&#1608;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;Resembles
-<i>Rootki</i>, but smaller and black. The author of the <i>Ulfaz</i>
-has without due enquiry pronounced <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb166"
-href="#pb166" name="pb166">166</a>]</span>this to be the
-<i>Sumhaloo</i>, but this is a different plant. It is hot and dry,
-useful in disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p987" class="par"><span class="parNum">987</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neyrmellie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1585;&#1605;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Strychnos
-Potatorum</i>, W. <i>Cataca</i>, San.&rdquo; It is cool and dry, some
-say it is in equilibrium. If bruised and mixed with foul water, it will
-clear, and purify it. If bruised in water, and applied to the
-umbilicus, it will relieve the griping pain of dysentery. If bruised,
-and applied to the eyes, it will strengthen eye-sight; also if applied
-to the bite of a snake, it will remove the effects of the poison. If
-eight grains of it be mixed with a little water and sugar, and drank,
-it will be found beneficial in gonorrh&oelig;a. I have seen this in my
-uncle&rsquo;s receipt book, but the dose was not there specified. If
-four grains of this be bruised in water, and mixed with dhaie, and left
-in a covered China vessel for a night, and taken in the morning, it
-will relieve suppression of urine, gonorrh&oelig;a, <span class="corr"
-id="xd24e19668" title=
-"Corrected by author from: and cherdee">chordee</span>, and bloody
-urine; but it must be used for a week.</p>
-<p id="p988" class="par"><span class="parNum">988</span> <span class=
-"sc">Niswut</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1587;&#1608;&#1578;</span>
-or <i>Mahaseyama</i>, or <i>Ritchita</i>. It is a little bitter and
-sweet; also bitter during digestion. It is hot and dry; laxative;
-relieves wind; useful in fever, disorders of bile, mucus, dropsy, and
-swellings. The black kind is a poison and very hurtful; it is a
-powerful drastic purgative; produces insensibility, heat, giddiness,
-and injures the voice.</p>
-<p id="p989" class="par"><span class="parNum">989</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nuk</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1705;</span> Is of two kinds,
-both sweet to the taste; hot and light; removes possession by evil
-spirits; beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood; is an
-antidote to poisons; cardiac, and clears the complexion, called
-<i>Uzfarooteeb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p990" class="par"><span class="parNum">990</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nukchecknie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1603;
-&#1670;&#1603;&#1606;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Koondush</i>.
-It is a low shrub, does not rise from the ground; its leaves like the
-<i>Tirrateruk</i>; its flower like the <i>Neemb</i>. It produces
-eruptions in the mouth, beneficial in disorders of wind and phlegm, and
-is vermifuge. It is called <i>Chicknie</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Nukchikenie</i> is a medicine of India, hot and dry;
-expels wind; beneficial in mucus, paralysis, and paralytic complaints,
-loss of memory, pains in the joints, and is aphrodisiac. If one seer of
-this with quarter seer of sweet oil, and half the weight of
-<i>Mulkungnie</i>, be put into an earthen vessel, and its oil extracted
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb167" href="#pb167" name=
-"pb167">167</a>]</span>in the manner described under the head
-Puttaljuntur, and given in the quantity of four soorkhs in Paan, it
-will be useful in all the above-mentioned complaints, and in all mucous
-disorders. It will be advisable to use this medicine only in the cold
-weather, as it is, in itself, very hot and powerful.</p>
-<p id="p991" class="par"><span class="parNum">991</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nullwa</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1604;&#1608;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Cool; strengthens the
-eye-sight; useful in bilious disorders, affections of the blood, Juzam,
-difficulty of voiding urine, general heat, mucus, and acne.</p>
-<p id="p992" class="par"><span class="parNum">992</span> <span class=
-"sc">Null</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1604;</span> or
-<i>Nullie</i>; grows in watery and moist places; it is cool, and useful
-in disorders of the eyes, in eruptions of the mouth or apth&aelig;;
-clears the blood; clears and dries the vagina, and is diuretic. Some
-have called it heating.</p>
-<p id="p993" class="par"><span class="parNum">993</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Chitchera</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1605;&#1603;
-&#1670;&#1670;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span> Is thus made. Take two
-bundles of that kind of <i>Chitchera</i>, which has inverted prickles,
-reduce it to ashes, and collect them into a vessel; then add a great
-quantity of water, and mix and wash it well with the hand; leave it for
-a night, add more water, put it into a cloth, and let it strain through
-slowly by drops; boil the clear fluid till the salt will precipitate or
-crystallize.</p>
-<p id="p994" class="par"><span class="parNum">994</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Soonchur</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1605;&#1603;
-&#1587;&#1606;&#1670;&#1585;</span> also called <i>Nemuk Sia</i>.
-&ldquo;Muriate of soda. <i>Bitlaban.</i> <i>Kala Nemuck</i>, H.&rdquo;
-A tonic in dyspepsia or gout; a deobstruent in obstructions of the
-spleen and mysenteric glands of children; a stimulant in chronic
-rheumatism and palsy; a vermifuge. An analysis of the black salt
-gave,</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Black oxide of iron, six grains</i>;
-<i>sulphur, 14 grains</i>; <i>muriate of lime, 12 grains</i>;
-<i>muriate of soda, 444 grains</i>; <i>loss four grains = 480
-grains</i>.&rdquo; It is thus prepared: Take two seers of <i>Anula</i>,
-one seer of <i>Ashkhur</i>, bruise both and mix them with 20 seers of
-rock-salt, also bruised; put the whole into a vessel, cover the vessel
-with a cloth, all except the mouth; lute this cloth well with soft
-clay, and place it in the sun to dry. When perfectly dry, put it on the
-fire, (let the mouth of the vessel be rather small.) Keep constantly
-stirring it with an iron spatula or spoon; when well boiled and mixed,
-take it off and allow it to cool; then add <i>Tinkhar</i>,
-<i>Jawakhar</i>, <i>Tilkh</i>, <i>Kibreeth</i>, sweet <i>salt</i>, and
-<i>soot</i>, equal parts; mix all well together, and <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb168" href="#pb168" name="pb168">168</a>]</span>add
-a quantity of salt-water; then boil the whole down, and strain as
-directed under the head Nemuk <i>Chitchera</i>.</p>
-<p id="p995" class="par"><span class="parNum">995</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Kutchloon</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1605;&#1603;
-&#1603;&#1670;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;The salt of glass,
-called <i>Muskhoo Koonia</i>, also <i>Zoobdat ul Kawareer</i>. It is
-the froth of glass; it creates appetite; clears the blood: there is
-another kind of salt called <i>Budhloon</i>. This is hot and stomachic;
-restrains laxities of the bowels, pains, and consequent swellings of
-the urinary bladder, heaviness, and stuffing of the chest, disorders of
-wind and mucus; also expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p996" class="par"><span class="parNum">996</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Udhbidh</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1605;&#1603;
-&#1570;&#1583;&#1607;&#1576;&#1583;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;The common
-<i>Unkaloon</i>; this is a kind of black salt; it is light; clears the
-blood; it is speedy in its effects, and as an external application, and
-it expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p997" class="par"><span class="parNum">997</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk S&oelig;ndha</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1605;&#1603;
-&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Sweet to the
-taste; cool, moist, and light; promotes appetite and digestion. Is
-cardiac, strengthens vision, and is useful in wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p998" class="par"><span class="parNum">998</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nekund Baaperi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1603;&#1606;&#1583;&#1576;&#1575;&#1662;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A
-medicine of India, called also <i>Oontura</i> or <i>Anere</i>. It is
-hot and moist. If used as much as can be held in the palm of the hand,
-for a year, no poison will prove hurtful; in fact it counteracts the
-poison of snakes, and all other poisons. If two direms be eaten with as
-much aniseseed, for six months, the hair will not become white; two
-direms ate with dhaie, will be found effectual in gonorrh&oelig;a.
-Eaten with the leaves of the lime tree, and four seeds of peepul, it
-will cure obstinate fevers; with goat&rsquo;s milk, will cure quartans;
-with <i>Foifil</i> for three months, will cure white leprosy, also
-foulness of the blood, Juzam, boils, and scabies.</p>
-<p id="p999" class="par"><span class="parNum">999</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nundbyrchun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1606;&#1583;&#1576;&#1610;&#1585;&#1670;&#1606;</span> or
-<i>Nundbyrkha</i>. Hot and light, and in its properties resembling the
-peepul; indeed it is reckoned a species of that tree. It is useful in
-disorders of mucus, blood, poisons, boils, and cuticular eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p1000" class="par"><span class="parNum">1000</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nunahuld</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1606;&#1575;&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;The small
-turmeric, called also <i>Mameeran</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1001" class="par"><span class="parNum">1001</span> <span class=
-"sc">Newarrie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A flower
-in India, like the <i>Chumbeley</i>, but has no smell. It is of two
-kinds, one procured in the hot season, the other in the rains; the
-second kind is also called <i>Newalie</i>. Both are pungent, light, and
-useful in disorders of all the secretions. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb169" href="#pb169" name="pb169">169</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1002" class="par"><span class="parNum">1002</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nowsader</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1608;&#1587;&#1575;&#1583;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Muriate
-of Ammonia. <i>Sal Ammoniac</i>, F. <i>Salmiak</i>, G. <i>Sale
-Ammoniaco</i>, I. <i>Sal Ammoniaco</i>, Sp. Also
-<i>Nowshader</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e19970" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span>; very pungent salt, and as a medicine or
-application, speedily effectual. It is aperient, beneficial in cholics,
-dropsy, costiveness, and pains in the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p1003" class="par"><span class="parNum">1003</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nowllee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;The young leaves of the
-lime tree; they have a sweet and grateful smell.</p>
-<p id="p1004" class="par"><span class="parNum">1004</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neeturbala</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1578;&#1585;&#1576;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;Cool,
-dry, and light; produces appetite and digestion; cures eruptions of
-diffused bile; bilious and mucous disorders, general heat, boils, and
-eruptions. Some say, that this is the <i>Nalee</i>, but this is a
-mistake, for Nalee is the name of a different medicine, though it may
-be that of both. As the <i>Neeturbala</i> is seldom met with, a
-substitute is used in the branches of the <i>Neelophir</i>, dried.</p>
-<p id="p1005" class="par"><span class="parNum">1005</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neela Totha</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1578;&#1608;&#1578;&#1607;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Tootia Subs</i>. It is of two kinds, both aperient, and useful in
-scabies and Juzam, disorders from poison, and mucus; is vermifuge;
-reduces corpulency, and is useful in certain diseases of the eye.</p>
-<p id="p1006" class="par"><span class="parNum">1006</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neenuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet to
-the taste; light, tonic, and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the
-three secretions. It is a kind of <i>Barasingha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1007" class="par"><span class="parNum">1007</span> <span class=
-"sc">Newla</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;In its
-properties resembling those of the cat. A. <i>Ibn Urs</i>. &ldquo;The
-mongoose, <i>Ichneumon</i>, <i>Viverra Ichneumon</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1008" class="par"><span class="parNum">1008</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelkunt</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1657;&#1607;&#1577;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Coracias
-Bengalensis.</i>&rdquo; A bird; its meat is useful in disorders of
-mucus, wind, and blood. P. <i>Subsuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1009" class="par"><span class="parNum">1009</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neendie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1606;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Vitex
-Nigundo</i>, W. <i>Lagondium Litorium</i>, Rump. <i>Bhemnosi</i>,
-Rheede. <i>Vitex Trifolia.</i> The leaves heated are discutient,
-effectual in dispelling inflammatory swellings of the joints from acute
-rheumatism, and of the testicles from suppressed
-gonorrh&oelig;a.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1010" class="par"><span class="parNum">1010</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neela Sindhuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;&#1583;&#1607;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Sumhaloo</i>, (<i>Sobaloo?</i>) P. <i>Punjkysht</i>. A kind
-of the above; both are bitter to the taste, astringent, pungent, and
-light; increase knowledge; strengthen vision; also strengthen the hair
-of the head; remove itchiness of the abdomen and swellings; are
-vermifuge; useful in Juzam, boils, eruptions, and disorders of mucus;
-improve appetite, and relieve cataract. The leaves of the Sumhaloo,
-smoked as tobacco, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb170" href="#pb170"
-name="pb170">170</a>]</span>or equal parts of them and tobacco bruised
-and applied to the part, will cure hydrocele.</p>
-<p id="p1011" class="par"><span class="parNum">1011</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nypaul</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1662;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Chureyta</i>, called also <i>Nupaul Neeb</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">1012</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neenboo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1606;&#1576;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;P.
-<i>Lymboo</i>. <i>Citrus Medica</i>, W. <i>Jambira</i>, S. Refrigerant,
-antiseptic. Peel stomachic. <i>The Lime.</i> It ripens in the
-hot-weather, and attains the size of a hen&rsquo;s egg. It is of a
-green yellowish color. Its rind is very thin, and thence it derives its
-name Kagsi. One kind of it is always in fruit, and a sweet kind of it
-is called <i>Rajineenboo phill</i>. Its properties are particularly
-noticed in Yunani works. It is said in some publications to be an
-antidote to animal poisons, both internally used, and applied to the
-parts.</p>
-<p id="p1013" class="par"><span class="parNum">1013</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neel</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;The indigo, very common in
-India; hot and bitter; useful in boils, affections of the spleen,
-Soorkhbad, dropsy, strengthening the hair of the head; but it weakens
-memory, and produces giddiness.</p>
-<p class="par">Its leaves are used as an application for colouring the
-hair, and are in great estimation on that account. From its heating
-quality, it either decreases or increases a discharge from the nose,
-according to its nature; and when it is used for colouring the hair of
-the beard, cloves ought to be mixed with it, to increase its heating
-quality, when the person is of a cold temperament.</p>
-<p id="p1014" class="par"><span class="parNum">1014</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelisbund</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;&#1610;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Apirchetta</i>, q.
-v.</p>
-<p id="p1015" class="par"><span class="parNum">1015</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neeb</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1576;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Melia
-Azedirachta</i>, W. The pride of India, the leaves of a nauseous bitter
-taste, (devoid of astringency,) Flem.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A very common and large tree of India, much esteemed; it
-is of four kinds, the medicinal properties of all the same. It is
-astringent and bitter; pungent and cool, (some say hot and dry;) some
-call its qualities in equilibrium; it is quick of digestion; useful in
-disorders of bile, wind, and mucus, and I have known it to be of use in
-Juzam and white leprosy. I have also exhibited it with success in
-eruptions and scabies. One man I knew, whose whole body was white from
-leprosy. I prescribed it to him for 40 days, and cured him. I took the
-kernel of the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb171" href="#pb171" name=
-"pb171">171</a>]</span>seed, bruised and sifted it, and gave it in the
-quantity that might be contained in the palm of his hand, fasting, and
-prohibited him from using any other kind of food than bread or
-<i>dhal</i>, without salt or ghee.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also said by <i>Hukeem Ali</i> to be excellent in
-curing obstinate old ulcers, as also fistula in ano, by the application
-of its leaves. It is given in many and various ways. Its leaves are
-given fresh, sometimes dried and pounded, sometimes its juice is given,
-often the juice of the leaf buds, and not unfrequently its bark. It is
-likewise given mixed with <i>Noora</i>. Its juice is used with
-<i>Noora</i> to cleanse foul ulcers, and to cure carbuncle, and this it
-effects in a very short time. The <i>Noora</i> is added to it in
-one-eighth of its quantity, and <i>Hukeem Ali</i> has declared it to be
-the best ingredient in ointment that he ever tried.</p>
-<p class="par">I have often used the leaves heated as an application to
-swellings and boils; it in some cases resolved them, in others
-expedited suppuration, and in all was beneficial. I have added salt to
-the bruised leaves for the same purpose, and found that it added to its
-efficacy.</p>
-<p class="par">A decoction of the leaves as a fumigation is excellent
-in discussing swellings, and with the addition of the leaves of the
-Sumhaloo, with additional good effect. A fumigation of less heating
-properties may be obtained by the leaves of the <i>Anbassaleb</i>,
-being substituted for the <i>Sumhaloo</i>. The water of this decoction
-is useful in cleansing foul ulcers, and removing pain from the
-joints.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Neeb</i> in the opinion of Indian physicians is
-cool, and <i>Hukeem Urzanee</i> has described its qualities as equal.
-If the decoction is used as a wash for the hair, it will darken its
-color, and increase its growth; and if the juice of its young leaves in
-the quantity of five or six direms be taken for seven days, it will
-cure scabies, ring-worm, and all kinds of acne, and it will purify the
-blood. A decoction of the bark of its root will restore suppressed
-menses, and if taken with goor it will produce abortion: prepared in
-this manner it will cure the under-mentioned diseases. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb172" href="#pb172" name="pb172">172</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Take of the flower, seed, bark of the root, and leaves
-(called <i>Punjuk</i>), let them be infused for a night in two maunds
-of water, then bury it in the ground for a month, after which distil
-its water for use.</p>
-<p class="par">All species of scabies, white leprosy, Juzam, (when not
-too far advanced,) and disorders of all the secretions. Some mix the
-<i>Punjuk</i> of the <i>Bucaen</i> with the above, and it is said to
-increase its virtues. If the seed be bruised in water, and applied to
-the head, it will remove head-ache. Its juice is vermifuge. If three
-masha of the leaf buds with half masha of black peepul be eaten for 21
-days, it will remove disorders and foulness of blood; increase the
-strength of vision, and by its juice being introduced into the eyes,
-will cure night-blindness.</p>
-<p class="par">I have given it for cleansing the blood, correcting
-vitiated bile, scabies, idiotism, and all disorders arising from
-disordered bile, thus: By mixing the distilled water, above-mentioned,
-with filings of <i>Sissoo</i>, the leaves, flowers, and bark of the
-<i>Bucaen</i>, and <i>Shatirra</i>, and <i>Surphonka</i>, white Sandal,
-filed, and <i>Gowzeban</i>, mixed well, and a water distilled. It will
-also be found useful in Juzam and white leprosy<a id="xd24e20264" name=
-"xd24e20264"></a>.</p>
-<p id="p1016" class="par"><span class="parNum">1016</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelobe</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;&#1608;&#1576;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;<i>The
-Saruss.</i></p>
-<p id="p1017" class="par"><span class="parNum">1017</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelgau</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;
-&#1711;&#1575;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The <i>Wild Cow</i>, (a
-species of <i>Elk</i>.<span class="corr" id="xd24e20295" title=
-"Source: &rdquo;)">)&rdquo;</span> Its size is somewhat between a horse
-and ass. Its meat is greasy, hot, and moist; sweet; increases the
-secretion of semen; also bile, and eruptions of the apthous kind. It is
-also called <i>Rooja</i>. A. <i>Bakur ul Vaish</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1018" class="par"><span class="parNum">1018</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nainjooth</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1606;
-&#1580;&#1608;&#1578;</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mameeran</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1019" class="par"><span class="parNum">1019</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelkunti</span> <span lang="ur">&#1606;&#1610;&#1604;
-&#1603;&#1606;&#1657;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A small shrub of India; its
-leaves thick in a middling degree; its root and flower is blue: also
-another kind, which grows in gardens, is called by this name. Its
-properties are not known to me.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="vav" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1608;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1020" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1020</span>
-<span class="sc">Vaasun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1608;&#1575;&#1587;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Bootee
-Shaikh Fureed</i>, which also signifies a hill.</p>
-<p id="p1021" class="par"><span class="parNum">1021</span> <span class=
-"sc">Vcherkhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1608;&#1670;&#1585;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Nowshakur</i>, also <i>Nowshader</i>; some call this a
-composition, and some say it is the salt <i>Zakoom</i>, made by the
-branches being cut small, burnt, and prepared. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb173" href="#pb173" name="pb173">173</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1022" class="par"><span class="parNum">1022</span> <span class=
-"sc">Veedoorie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1608;&#1610;&#1583;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span> also
-<i>Bedoorie</i>. A. <i>Ynoolhur</i>. It is commonly known by the name
-<i>Sahroonia</i>; hot, acid, and useful in cholics.</p>
-<p id="p1023" class="par"><span class="parNum">1023</span> <span class=
-"sc">Veroojun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1608;&#1585;&#1608;&#1580;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;Also
-<i>Beroojun</i>. The author of the <i>Kasmi</i> has described this as a
-small stone, or a name for any small stone; some describe it as a kind
-of <i>Jewaheer</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="heh" class="div1 errata"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main"><span lang="ur">&#1607;</span></h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1024" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1024</span>
-<span class="sc">Harsinghar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1575;&#1681;&#1587;&#1606;&#1603;&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nyctanthes
-Arbor Tristis</i>;&rdquo; also called <i>Hursinghar</i>. It grows to
-about a man&rsquo;s height, and when at the very highest, is about 12
-feet, though some have seen it even higher. Its leaves are pointed,
-thick, and hard; its flowers small and white; their stem red. Its
-leaves rubbed on ring-worm cure the affection: first scaling the part,
-then healing. It is cool and light; useful in disorders of wind, mucus,
-and bile. It is aphrodisiac, and re-unites broken bones.</p>
-<p id="p1025" class="par"><span class="parNum">1025</span> <span class=
-"sc">Haloon</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The seed
-of the <i>Cress</i>, or <i>Lepidium Sativum</i>.&rdquo; The seed of the
-<i>Agur</i>; it is smaller than the seed of the <i>Tookbalingha</i>,
-but thicker, and of a red color; it is aphrodisiac and tonic; removes
-hiccup, wind, mucus, and disorders of the blood. It is hot and dry. A.
-<i>Hurf</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1026" class="par"><span class="parNum">1026</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hudhjora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1575;&#1681;&#1580;&#1608;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The
-flower of the <i>Hursinghar</i>; it produces the re-union of fractured
-bones, from which property it derives its name. &ldquo;<i>Cissus
-quadrangularis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1027" class="par"><span class="parNum">1027</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hoorhoora</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1608;&#1681;&#1607;&#1608;&#1681;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A
-small plant, with many flowers, of a white color, and very small: one
-kind of it is called <i>Burumseerjela</i>. The first kind is cool,
-heavy, and diuretic; useful in disorders of mucus and wind. The second
-is hot and light; useful in seminal weakness and fever; and is
-lithontriptic, and removes difficulty of voiding urine.</p>
-<p id="p1028" class="par"><span class="parNum">1028</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurunkherie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1607;&#1585;&#1606;
-&#1603;&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1609;</span> or <i>Hurunkhoorie</i>. A
-small plant of India; its leaves resembling a deer&rsquo;s hoof, which
-has given it this title. It is usually found in wheat fields; it is
-hot, and aperient; useful in scabies, Juzam, and loss of sensation. If
-one direm fresh be eaten with 10 grains of black-pepper, bruised,
-daily, it will restore lost sensation.</p>
-<p id="p1029" class="par"><span class="parNum">1029</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurtaal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1585;&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The
-yellow Sulphuret of Arsenic. <i>Orpiment.</i>&rdquo; Pungent and
-astringent; hot and dry; useful in disorders from poison, scabies,
-Juzam, aphth&aelig;, disorders of the <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb174" href="#pb174" name="pb174">174</a>]</span>blood, mucus and
-bile, fever, and possession with evil spirits. It is a common
-application in scabies, and is called Zernikh Zerd. It is of five
-kinds, yellow, red, green, white, and black. The yellow is called
-Hurtaal, and the white kind is used by alchymists in the transmutation
-of metals; it is in the opinion of every one hot and dry in the 3rd or
-4th degree; its corrector is milk and cow&rsquo;s ghee; its dose four
-ratties, after it is killed or prepared, and is thus much esteemed as a
-medicine in disorders from cold, such as paralysis, epilepsy,
-affections of the joints, Juzam, and white leprosy. It is aphrodisiac,
-and increases appetite and digestion.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>It is thus prepared for use in
-Leprosy.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take one tolah of yellow arsenic, wash it seven times in
-milk, then grind it for 24 hours, adding as it dries, a little milk,
-then let it dry a little, and make it up into small pills. Then take
-half seer of the <i>Bhurr Tree</i> (the bark), pound it, and put it in
-a vessel, and among the powder put the pills with a little
-<i>Chunam</i> (lime), above and below them; after this, shut the vessel
-so well up that no smoke can escape, put it on the fire, and keep it in
-a strong heat for six hours; then opening the vessel, pour in over the
-pills a little ghee (butter), to cool them. The dose will be one
-<i>soorkh</i> daily, for seven days, abstaining from any thing
-salt.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take half a tolah of <i>Hurtaal Tubki</i>, bruise it,
-and grind it with milk or the juice of the castor; form it into pills
-as above. Then take of <i>Dharafilfil</i> half a tolah, bruise, and use
-it in lieu of the chunam above alluded to; form the pile of 15 pieces
-of cow-dung in a hole dug in the ground, on these lay the pills,
-supported and covered with the <i>Dharafilfil</i>; over them place an
-equal number of pieces of cow-dung, and set fire to the whole. When it
-is cold, take out the pills, and preserve them for use. Dose half
-Soorkh.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of the <i>Hurtaal</i> half a direm, bruise and
-grind it with the juice of the <i>Kobee</i>, for six hours, then form
-it into pills, place them in an earthern vessel well luted, then
-surround it <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb175" href="#pb175" name=
-"pb175">175</a>]</span>with 10 pounds of dried cow-dung, set it on
-fire, and when cool, remove them. The dose one grain or barley corn.
-Salt prohibited. Given in Paan.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Hurtaal</i> half a direm, tie it up in a
-cloth, and let it remain for seven days in cow&rsquo;s urine, again for
-the like period in lime juice, and an equal number of days in milk of
-<i>Mudar</i>. The two first liquids are during the seven days to be
-twice changed, the last changed daily; then take out the
-<i>Hurtaal</i>, and grind it with milk of <i>Mudar</i> for six hours,
-form them into pills, and roast them as recommended in the two
-foregoing methods. The dose the same.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Hurtaal</i> one direm, the kernel of the
-<i>Kurinjua</i> one direm, <i>Alum</i> one direm; first bruise the
-<i>Kurinjua</i> and strew the half of it over an earthern vessel, with
-equal parts of <i>Shibyem&aacute;nie</i>; then put over it the
-<i>Hurtaal</i>, and above that the alum; above all these, put the
-remainder of the <i>Kurinjua</i>; secure the whole as in the last
-method, and roast with 14 pounds of the dried cow-dung.</p>
-<p id="p1030" class="par"><span class="parNum">1030</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hyrbee</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1576;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A root of a
-yellow color; hot, dry, and aperient; useful in disorders of bile,
-mucus, and viscidities of the secretions; its dose is from one dang. to
-half a direm.</p>
-<p id="p1031" class="par"><span class="parNum">1031</span> <span class=
-"sc">Harun</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1575;&#1585;&#1606;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Myrg</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1032" class="par"><span class="parNum">1032</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurr</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1681;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Terminalia Chebula</i>, W.
-The unripe fruit <i>Zengi Hur</i>, H. <i>Myrobalans</i>, <i>Terminalia
-Citrina</i>.&rdquo; A name for <i>Hul&eacute;l&aacute;</i>; its
-properties particularly described in Yunani works: astringent, sweet,
-laxative. Dose one of the fruits.</p>
-<p id="p1033" class="par"><span class="parNum">1033</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurbarheorhi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1681;&#1576;&#1575;&#1681;&#1610;&#1608;&#1585;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Averrhoa
-acida</i>, Linn. <i>Cicca disticha</i>, Gmel. <i>Phyllanthus
-Cheramela</i>, Roxb.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">Or <i>H&uacute;rf&uacute;rh&eacute;orhi</i>; a common
-plant; the acid fruit of which is used for preserves.</p>
-<p id="p1034" class="par"><span class="parNum">1034</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthkool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1587;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;&#1603;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Baer</i>, of a middling size.</p>
-<p id="p1035" class="par"><span class="parNum">1035</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthal</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1587;&#1578;&#1729;&#1575;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>Pendhaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1036" class="par"><span class="parNum">1036</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthuk</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1587;&#1578;&#1729;&#1603;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Arnd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1037" class="par"><span class="parNum">1037</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthchinkhar</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1587;&#1578;&#1729;&#1577;&#1670;&#1606;&#1603;&#1729;&#1575;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A
-name for <i>Kharkhusuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1038" class="par"><span class="parNum">1038</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldee</span> <span lang="ur">&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;&#1610;</span>
-called also <i>Huld</i>; it is pungent and bitter, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb176" href="#pb176" name="pb176">176</a>]</span>hot
-and dry; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, blood, acne, seminal
-weakness, swellings, marasmus, and boils. It may be applied in small
-quantities externally, bruised, for the cure of bruises. P.
-<i>Zerdchooba</i>. A kind of this is called
-<i>An&rsquo;b&egrave;huldie</i>, &ldquo;<i>Curcuma
-longa</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1039" class="par"><span class="parNum">1039</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldia</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;&#1610;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The name of a
-yellow poison; vide <i>Hurtaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1040" class="par"><span class="parNum">1040</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hoolhool</span> <span lang="ur">&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;
-&#1607;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cleome
-viscosa.</i>&rdquo; A plant, about a yard high, more or less; its
-leaves are small and thin towards the branches; its seed-vessel is very
-thin, and contains numerous small black seeds. It is round, and bent in
-the centre; it is used as a culinary vegetable. It is hot and pungent;
-useful in cholic, dropsy, ulcers, and ear-aches; swellings, Juzam, and
-white leprosy. Its leaves, introduced into the ear, very useful in
-ear-ache. It is also beneficial in the piles; the parts being washed
-with a decoction of its leaves. In this complaint, the leaves are
-dressed and eaten with rice; five direms of seed ate with twice its
-weight of sugar before meals, and the meal to consist of
-<i>Kitcheree</i>, with plenty of ghee, (butter,) used for 40 days, will
-effectually remove piles.</p>
-<p id="p1041" class="par"><span class="parNum">1041</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldoo</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1604;&#1583;&#1608;</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree; the
-wood of which is used in buildings; its properties mentioned under the
-head <i>Darhuld</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1042" class="par"><span class="parNum">1042</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingote</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1606;&#1711;&#1608;&#1657;</span>.&mdash;A tree; hot in
-its properties; useful in Juzam, boils, and eruptions; is an antidote
-to poisons, and to possession by evil spirits; beneficial in white
-leprosy and worms in the stomach. Its fruit is the size of the large
-<i>Hurrh&oelig;</i>, and even larger, though when dried it remains
-about that size. The tree is about the size of a small <i>Neeb</i>
-tree.</p>
-<p id="p1043" class="par"><span class="parNum">1043</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hunspeedie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1607;&#1606;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1610;&#1583;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A small shrub, growing close
-to the ground; its branches thin; its leaves small like the Doodie; it
-is cool and heavy; useful in disorders of blood, poisons, boils,
-eruptions, acne, general heat, and possession by evil spirits. It
-induces costiveness, and is used to counteract the effects of poison of
-the Tarantula.</p>
-<p id="p1044" class="par"><span class="parNum">1044</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingpootrie</span> <span lang="ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;
-&#1662;&#1608;&#1578;&#1585;&#1610;</span>.&mdash;It is of two kinds,
-both pungent and saltish; hot and cardiac; assist digestion; beneficial
-in pains at the heart, and of the urinary bladder; induces costiveness;
-remedies piles, disorders of mucus, and <i>Badgola</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb177" href="#pb177" name="pb177">177</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1045" class="par"><span class="parNum">1045</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huns</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1606;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;The flesh is hot and moist;
-heavy and aphrodisiac; clears the voice and complexion; promotes
-appetite; beneficial in <i>Soorkhbad</i> and disorders of bile. P.
-<i>Haaz</i>.&mdash;&mdash;Goose.</p>
-<p id="p1046" class="par"><span class="parNum">1046</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hhoobaer</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1608;&#1576;&#1575;&#1610;&#1585;</span>.&mdash;A seed
-about the size and color of the Phalsa, sometimes larger; it is said,
-that when young, it is red, and when ripe it becomes black. It is a
-kind of hill Serroe; its leaves like the Jhow. In its taste, it is
-pungent and bitter, astringent and hot, heavy, and beneficial in
-disorders of wind, bile, dropsy, and piles; is lithontriptic and
-vermifuge, and in the quantity of three direms, it expedites the
-expulsion of the dead f&oelig;tus e utero. It will cure suppression of
-the menses, but if ate during pregnancy, will produce abortion. A.
-<i>Abhul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1047" class="par"><span class="parNum">1047</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heeng</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1606;&#1711;</span>.&mdash;Pungent and saltish,
-also hot; promotes appetite and digestion; beneficial in disorders of
-wind, mucus, internal itchiness, <i>Badgola</i>, flatulence, and pains
-in the bowels; is vermifuge; increases bile, and is aphrodisiac. It
-increases the power of all tonics and aphrodisiac prescriptions, but
-the particulars I have mentioned in my other works.</p>
-<p id="p1048" class="par"><span class="parNum">1048</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heeraclokhi</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;&#1603;&#1604;&#1608;&#1603;&#1607;&#1609;</span><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e20883" title="Not in source">.</span> A. <i>Dummul
-Echwder</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1049" class="par"><span class="parNum">1049</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heerakussees</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;&#1603;&#1587;&#1610;&#1587;</span>.&mdash;A
-kind of <i>Chund Kussees</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1050" class="par"><span class="parNum">1050</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heera</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1585;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;The name for
-<i>Almass</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1051" class="par"><span class="parNum">1051</span> <span class=
-"sc">Haimowtie</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1610;&#1605;&#1608;&#1578;&#1609;</span>.&mdash;A name
-for <i>Hurrh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1052" class="par"><span class="parNum">1052</span> <span class=
-"sc">Habooka</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1576;&#1608;&#1603;&#1575;</span>.&mdash;A denomination
-for <i>Hhoobaer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1053" class="par"><span class="parNum">1053</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingool</span> <span lang=
-"ur">&#1607;&#1606;&#1711;&#1608;&#1604;</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Shungirf</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="app" class="div1 appendix"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<div id="xd24e20955" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e11038"><i>Sensations of burning in the Hands
-and Feet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">This is of two kinds, a dry, and a sweating, kind. The
-method of cure among the natives is as follows:</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Sweating kind.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of Chook, Khoot, Lahoria Nemuk, each two parts;
-Black Till Oil, 12 parts; mix and rub in for 14 days.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e11038"><i>Dry kind.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Let a hole be dug in the earth, and fire kindled
-therein, till the ground becomes well heated; strew the bottom of the
-excavation with Mudar leaves, and sprinkle on them new milk, till the
-fumes arise. The feet to be placed in the hole, on the leaves, and a
-blanket <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb178" href="#pb178" name=
-"pb178">178</a>]</span>to be spread over, and round the knees, to
-prevent the escape of the heated vapour. In this manner the patient is
-to sit till the place becomes cold; and this is to be repeated for
-seven days, when the cure will be complete.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">In the opinion of the Physicians of Hindostan, the human
-frame is divided into seven principal parts. These are <i>chyle</i>,
-<i>blood</i>, <i>muscles</i>, <i>fat</i>, <i>bones</i>, <i>brain</i>,
-<i>marrow</i>, and <i>semen</i>.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e21007" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">The tastes are six: viz.</p>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table class="xd24e792">
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft cellTop"><span class=
-"sc">Sweet</span>,</td>
-<td class="cellTop"><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Semen, milk, eye-sight, asthma, obesitas,
-worms, and affections of the throat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind and bile.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Cool and stomachic; creating appetite.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Acid</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Mucus, bile, emaciation, fermentation of the
-blood.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Salt</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Appetite, digestion, mucus, bile, wind, and
-disorders of blood.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">or decreasing aphrodisia, and generally
-relaxant.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Light.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Bitter</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bile, wind, dryness, and heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Milk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Dry and light.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Pungent</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Appetite and milk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Thirst and fever.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Dry.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2" class="cellLeft cellBottom"><span class=
-"sc">Astringent</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind and flatulence.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellBottom"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Wounds, ulcers, and laxities.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">The general prescriptions and favorite formul&aelig;,
-mentioned throughout the work, are <i>Tonics</i>, which preserve
-health, lengthen life, and strengthen the system.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">The principal secretions or humours are four in number;
-viz. <i>mucus</i> (or phlegm), <i>bile</i>, <i>wind</i>, and
-<i>blood</i>. When three of these are said to be increased or
-diminished, it is to be understood, that <i>blood</i> is not to be
-included. In fact, it never is, unless particularly specified.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb179" href="#pb179" name=
-"pb179">179</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e21162" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e11038"><span class="sc">Degrees.</span></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;The Yunani physicians, in specifying the
-different degrees of virtue, or power of their medicines, include in
-the</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>First Degree.</i>&mdash;All those whose
-effects are not felt in common doses.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Second Ditto.</i>&mdash;Such medicines as have
-perceptible effects; but in a moderate degree.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Third Ditto.</i>&mdash;Those of greater power,
-the exhibition of which must be conducted with caution.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Fourth Ditto.</i>&mdash;All poisons or
-medicines of any deleterious properties.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e21189" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e11038"><span class="sc">Weights.</span></p>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">One <i>soorkh</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">one grain.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">One <i>masha</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">8 <i>soorkh</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">One <i>direm</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">3 <i>masha</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">10 <i>mashas</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">one <i>tolah</i> or Rupee.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td colspan="2" class="cellLeft cellRight">One <i>rittal</i> is about
-19 <i>tolahs</i> and two <i>mashas</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td colspan="2" class="cellLeft cellRight cellBottom">One <i>tolah</i>,
-12&frac12; <i>mashas</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e21259" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e11038"><span class=
-"sc">Abbreviations.</span></p>
-<p class="par">H. <i>Hindi</i>, P. <i>Persian</i>, A. <i>Arabic</i>, S.
-<i>Sanscrit</i>, F. <i>French</i>, G. <i>German</i><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e21284" title="Not in source">,</span> I. <i>Italian</i>, S.
-<i>Spanish</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb181" href="#pb181"
-name="pb181">181</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="back">
-<div id="index" class="div1 index"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">INDEX.</h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb182" href="#pb182" name=
-"pb182">182</a>]</span></p>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">A.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"><i>Art.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Aak, <a href="#p8">8</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aal, <a href="#p9">9</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aaont, <a href="#p83">83</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abbasie, <a href="#p657">657</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abbea, <a href="#p19">19</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abi, <a href="#p7">7</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abnoos, <a href="#p15">15</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abruc, <a href="#p18">18</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aderuck, <a href="#p29">29</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aditt Bagut, <a href="#p10">10</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjan or Adjain, <a href="#p26">26</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjmode, <a href="#p22">22</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjwain, <a href="#p23">23</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjwain, (Khorasanee,) <a href="#p24">24</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adki, <a href="#p4">4</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aechill, <a href="#p89">89</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aegoor, <a href="#p88">88</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aent, <a href="#p90">90</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aginmunt, <i>Agwunt</i>, <a href="#p50">50</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agunie Char, <a href="#p55">55</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agur, <a href="#p54">54</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agust, <a href="#p51">51</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ahmlee, also <i>Buzuroolreshad</i>, <a href=
-"#p87">87</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aistallkund, <a href="#p41">41</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akaholie, <a href="#p3">3</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akasbele, <a href="#p56">56</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akhroat, <a href="#p52">52</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akirkirra, or <i>Akirkirrh&agrave;</i>, <a href=
-"#p53">53</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akroat, <a href="#p52">52</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alaechee, <a href="#p59">59</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aloo, (Bochara,) <a href="#p14">14</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alsi, <a href="#p57">57</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alta, <a href="#p60">60</a></p>
-<p class="par">Am, Ambe, Anbe, <a href="#p1">1</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amarbele, <a href="#p66">66</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambarae, <a href="#p65">65</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambaray, or <i>Ambara</i>, <a href="#p78">78</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambegool, or <i>Angool</i>, or <i>Ambegooda</i>,
-<a href="#p73">73</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambeloona, <a href="#p72">72</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amlie, <a href="#p63">63</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amratuck, <a href="#p68">68</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amroude, <a href="#p67">67</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amrutphull, <a href="#p64">64</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amulbedh, <a href="#p61">61</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amulchangerie, <a href="#p62">62</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amultas, also <i>Kurwara</i>, <a href="#p69">69</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ananass, also <i>Kutel Suffrie</i>, <a href=
-"#p70">70</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anar, <a href="#p76">76</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anbertasung, <a href="#p80">80</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anbihildee, <a href="#p16">16</a></p>
-<p class="par">Andaluck, <a href="#p28">28</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anderjow, <a href="#p75">75</a></p>
-<p class="par">Angud, <a href="#p81">81</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb183" href="#pb183" name="pb183">183</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Anjeer, <a href="#p82">82</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ankaloon, <a href="#p79">79</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anula, or <i>Amle</i>, <a href="#p5">5</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anwul, <a href="#p12">12</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoloo, <a href="#p58">58</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoode Belao, <a href="#p84">84</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoonk, <a href="#p86">86</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoont Kutara, <a href="#p85">85</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aord, or <i>Aort</i>, or <i>Maash</i>, <a href=
-"#p32">32</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aorde Gunta, <a href="#p40">40</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoshire, <i>Kuss Kuss</i>, <i>Ooseer</i>? <a href=
-"#p47">47</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aotungun, <a href="#p20">20</a></p>
-<p class="par">Apheem, <a href="#p49">49</a></p>
-<p class="par">Apurjeeta, <a href="#p17">17</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aramsheetul, <a href="#p2">2</a></p>
-<p class="par">Area, <a href="#p11">11</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arhir, or <i>Toor</i>, <a href="#p31">31</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arjun, <a href="#p36">36</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arloo, <i>Catoombura</i>, or <i>Sheunag</i>, <a href=
-"#p37">37</a></p>
-<p class="par">Armeede, <a href="#p39">39</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arnd, <a href="#p34">34</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arn&eacute;, <a href="#p33">33</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arnee, <a href="#p30">30</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aru, <a href="#p6">6</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aruk, <a href="#p13">13</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arusa, <a href="#p35">35</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arvie, or <i>Arum Colocasia</i>, <a href=
-"#p38">38</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asgund, <a href="#p43">43</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asperuk, <a href="#p42">42</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asphill, <i>Padmunie</i>, <a href="#p44">44</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aspurka, <a href="#p46">46</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asteghoon, <a href="#p48">48</a></p>
-<p class="par">Astull, <i>Bunt&agrave;ki</i>, <a href="#p45">45</a></p>
-<p class="par">Atees, <a href="#p21">21</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aunalie, <a href="#p77">77</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">B.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Baag, <a href="#p108">108</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babchee, or <i>Bakchee</i>, <a href="#p102">102</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babool, <a href="#p126">126</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baboona, or <i>Marehtee</i>, <a href="#p113">113</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babur, <a href="#p104">104</a></p>
-<p class="par">Badgan, Khutay <a href="#p115">115</a></p>
-<p class="par">Badjera, <a href="#p122">122</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baeberung, <a href="#p121">121</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baele, also <i>Byll</i>, <a href="#p271">271</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bagerie, <a href="#p185">185</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baluka, <a href="#p95">95</a></p>
-<p class="par">Balchur, <a href="#p120">120</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bale, <a href="#p270">270</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bander, <a href="#p107">107</a></p>
-<p class="par">Banjkak&oacute;ra, <a href="#p98">98</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bans, <a href="#p114">114</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bansa, also Pi&aacute;bansa <a href="#p94">94</a>
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb184" href="#pb184" name=
-"pb184">184</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Barasinga, <a href="#p105">105</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baraykund, or <i>Keetkuro&oacute;dh</i>, or
-<i>Subbuskund</i>, <a href="#p97">97</a></p>
-<p class="par">Barehie, <a href="#p117">117</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baremoo, <a href="#p116">116</a></p>
-<p class="par">Barumbie or Soonputtie, <a href="#p163">163</a></p>
-<p class="par">Batassa, <a href="#p134">134</a></p>
-<p class="par">Batees, <a href="#p138">138</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bealduntuck, <a href="#p279">279</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bear, also <i>Konar</i>, <a href="#p276">276</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beekhbans, or <i>Beedjbans</i>, <a href=
-"#p93">93</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beerbahootie, <a href="#p281">281</a></p>
-<p class="par">Becktindeek, <a href="#p189">189</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedareekund, <a href="#p149">149</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedarkee, <a href="#p150">150</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedhara, <a href="#p152">152</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beechnak, <a href="#p148">148</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beedjbund, <a href="#p266">266</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bejoura, <a href="#p145">145</a></p>
-<p class="par">Belaikund, <a href="#p191">191</a></p>
-<p class="par">Benowla, <a href="#p212">212</a></p>
-<p class="par">Benth, <a href="#p267">267</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berahumie, <a href="#p175">175</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berahumnie, or <i>Berrumdundie</i>, <a href=
-"#p174">174</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berchakund, <a href="#p162">162</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berehta, or Berehti, <a href="#p166">166</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beridda, <a href="#p160">160</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhaer, also <i>Mendha</i>, <a href="#p237">237</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhains, also <i>Mahaki</i>, <a href="#p238">238</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhang, also <i>Bidjia</i>, <a href="#p248">248</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhangra, <a href="#p230">230</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhapungi, <a href="#p254">254</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bharingee, <a href="#p236">236</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhateele, <a href="#p257">257</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhehi, <a href="#p244">244</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhelawj, <a href="#p242">242</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhendi, <a href="#p250">250</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bheria, also <i>Bhudda</i>, <a href="#p239">239</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bheroza, also Gundha Bheroza, <a href=
-"#p256">256</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhindal&aelig;, <a href="#p252">252</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoeperus, <a href="#p247">247</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhohphilly, <a href="#p262">262</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoje Puttur, also <i>Burje Puttur</i> <a href=
-"#p232">232</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoodill, <a href="#p258">258</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Kajoor, <a href="#p243">243</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Kudum, <a href="#p249">249</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoothpees, <a href="#p259">259</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Amulek, <a href="#p233">233</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuhira, <a href="#p241">241</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuiteroor, <a href="#p246">246</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuntaki, <a href="#p264">264</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhu&rsquo;th Kutaeye, <a href="#p261">261</a></p>
-<p class="par">Billie, <a href="#p194">194</a></p>
-<p class="par">Billoousseeke, <a href="#p195">195</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bindaal, <a href="#p216">216</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bindeokurkotheki, <a href="#p217">217</a></p>
-<p class="par">Birnaoo, or Buroo, <a href="#p158">158</a></p>
-<p class="par">Biscopra, <a href="#p177">177</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bishash, <a href="#p182">182</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bishnookrantha, <a href="#p181">181</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bitchoo, <a href="#p144">144</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bole, <a href="#p227">227</a></p>
-<p class="par">Boochitter, or <i>Beechitt&uacute;r</i>, <a href=
-"#p245">245</a> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb185" href="#pb185"
-name="pb185">185</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Boont, <a href="#p223">223</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bokun, or <i>Bookla</i> or <i>Book</i>, <a href=
-"#p183">183</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buckree, <a href="#p188">188</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budgerkund, also <i>Soorum</i>, <a href=
-"#p147">147</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budhill, <a href="#p151">151</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budjaesaar, <a href="#p143">143</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bukaen, <a href="#p186">186</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bukochie, <a href="#p184">184</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bulka, <a href="#p198">198</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunbele, <a href="#p203">203</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunda, <a href="#p199">199</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunpowarie, <a href="#p207">207</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunslochun, <a href="#p210">210</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burberi, <a href="#p164">164</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bureeja, <a href="#p165">165</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burrh, <a href="#p157">157</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burruntaaki, <a href="#p171">171</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buryara, <a href="#p170">170</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bussunti, <a href="#p180">180</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butaer, <a href="#p137">137</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butch, <a href="#p146">146</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butchudder, <a href="#p142">142</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butela, <a href="#p136">136</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buthua, or <i>Pasthuk</i>, <a href="#p135">135</a></p>
-<p class="par">Byll, <a href="#p196">196</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bylla, <a href="#p197">197</a></p>
-<p class="par">Byrumbseerjella, <a href="#p168">168</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">C.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Catoombura, <a href="#p37">37</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chaab, <a href="#p340">340</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chachoondur, also <i>Chulde</i>, <a href=
-"#p357">357</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chakoth, <a href="#p347">347</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chakussoo, <a href="#p342">342</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chalkurie, <a href="#p348">348</a></p>
-<p class="par">Champa, or <i>Chumpuk</i>, <a href="#p385">385</a></p>
-<p class="par">Changerie, <a href="#p349">349</a></p>
-<p class="par">Charai, or <i>Charwolie</i>, <a href="#p344">344</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheea, or <i>Cheetkeh</i>, <a href="#p433">433</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheebook, <a href="#p350">350</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheedah, <a href="#p426">426</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheehur&aelig;, <a href="#p421">421</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheel, <a href="#p430">430</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheenah, <a href="#p427">427</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheenuk, <a href="#p423">423</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherie, <a href="#p408">408</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherkund, <a href="#p416">416</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheetah, <a href="#p429">429</a>, <a href=
-"#p432">432</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheetul, <a href="#p428">428</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chehtaon, <a href="#p404">404</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chellwuk, <a href="#p376">376</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherakakoli, or <i>Chershookla</i>, also
-<i>Chermudera</i>, <a href="#p406">406</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherayta, also <i>Punsaal</i>, <a href=
-"#p362">362</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chereela, <a href="#p414">414</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chermb&aelig;rie, <a href="#p386">386</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chesteymud, <i>Chestee</i>, also <i>Chitemud</i>,
-<a href="#p364">364</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chetuck, <a href="#p352">352</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheylchish, <a href="#p377">377</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chichinda, also <i>Chunchilund</i>, <a href=
-"#p356">356</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chikara, <a href="#p366">366</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chillie, <a href="#p378">378</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirchirra, <a href="#p358">358</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb186" href="#pb186" name="pb186">186</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">China, also <i>Chituck</i>, <a href="#p360">360</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirownjee, <a href="#p361">361</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirpoota, <a href="#p359">359</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirr, <a href="#p413">413</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chitchera, or <i>Chichira</i>, also
-<i>Chirchira</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e22650" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <a href="#p351">351</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ch&oelig;kurk, <a href="#p370">370</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chohara, <a href="#p412">412</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choke, <a href="#p396">396</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choocheroo, <a href="#p418">418</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choonderdhan, or <i>Jowdhan</i>, also <i>Rukitsaal</i>,
-<a href="#p407">407</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chouch, <a href="#p403">403</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chowlai, or <i>Chowrai</i>, <a href="#p397">397</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukadana, <a href="#p374">374</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukeerka, <a href="#p369">369</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukond, <a href="#p371">371</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukora, <a href="#p367">367</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukotrah, <a href="#p372">372</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukua Chukui, <a href="#p368">368</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukunder, <a href="#p365">365</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumbeley, <a href="#p384">384</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumbuck, <a href="#p389">389</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumgader, <a href="#p382">382</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chunderkanth, <a href="#p390">390</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundun, <a href="#p392">392</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundunsarba, <a href="#p393">393</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundurseha, <a href="#p417">417</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundsoor, <a href="#p391">391</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chuttra, <a href="#p354">354</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chuttar Phill, <a href="#p355">355</a></p>
-<p class="par">Coochilla, <a href="#p712">712</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">D.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Daad Murden, <a href="#p446">446</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dabeh, <a href="#p441">441</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dakh, <a href="#p445">445</a></p>
-<p class="par">Daoodie, <a href="#p440">440</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darhuld <a href="#p438">438</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darma, also <i>Soombulkhar</i>, <a href=
-"#p444">444</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darmee Saar, <a href="#p443">443</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darum, <a href="#p442">442</a></p>
-<p class="par">Datoon, also <i>Danth</i>, or <i>Danti</i>, <a href=
-"#p439">439</a></p>
-<p class="par">Deodar, also <i>D&eacute;odarie</i>, <a href=
-"#p475">475</a></p>
-<p class="par">Deomun, <a href="#p476">476</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhadahwun, <a href="#p462">462</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhaie, <a href="#p470">470</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhak, <a href="#p467">467</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhamin, or <i>Dhunoon</i>, <a href="#p460">460</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhanqie, or <i>Dhaoie</i> <a href="#p471">471</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhatura, <a href="#p465">465</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhaw, <a href="#p463">463</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhawa, <a href="#p464">464</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhawnie, <a href="#p472">472</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dheerukmola, <a href="#p473">473</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhendus, <a href="#p474">474</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dholkudum, <a href="#p468">468</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhumaha, <a href="#p469">469</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhunia, <a href="#p466">466</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhunjawasa, <a href="#p461">461</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doob, also <i>Shittb&aacute;ra</i>, <a href=
-"#p455">455</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodee, <a href="#p457">457</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodhee, also <i>Dukd&ograve;ka</i>, <a href=
-"#p456">456</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodka, <a href="#p459">459</a></p>
-<p class="par">Do&oacute;dputeya, <a href="#p458">458</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dooparia, <a href="#p447">447</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb187" href="#pb187" name="pb187">187</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Dukdoka, <a href="#p452">452</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dumna, also <i>Dawna</i>, <a href="#p453">453</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dundundana, <a href="#p454">454</a></p>
-<p class="par">Durba, <a href="#p449">449</a></p>
-<p class="par">Durbhur, <a href="#p450">450</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dusmool, <a href="#p451">451</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dutchina Virna, <a href="#p448">448</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">G.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Gajur, <a href="#p676">676</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geerehti, <a href="#p816">816</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geerguth, <a href="#p726">726</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gehoon, <a href="#p850">850</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geroo, <a href="#p851">851</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghafis, <a href="#p660">660</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghar, <a href="#p661">661</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghareekoon, <a href="#p663">663</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghasool, <a href="#p662">662</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghekwaar, or <i>Ghwar</i>, <a href="#p827">827</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gheyd, <a href="#p835">835</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghirb, <a href="#p664">664</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghoghaie, <a href="#p658">658</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghora, <a href="#p820">820</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gillo, <a href="#p754">754</a></p>
-<p class="par">Godoon, <a href="#p793">793</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goh, <a href="#p801">801</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gokhroo, also <i>Kunthphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p803">803</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gomenduk, <a href="#p788">788</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goobrowla, also <i>Goobreyla</i>, <a href=
-"#p694">694</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goodhul, <a href="#p718">718</a></p>
-<p class="par">Googeerun, or <i>Gugeeroo</i>, <a href=
-"#p752">752</a></p>
-<p class="par">Googul, <a href="#p809">809</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooha, <a href="#p811">811</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goolkhairoo, <a href="#p756">756</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goolur, <a href="#p812">812</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooma, <a href="#p789">789</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondinie, <a href="#p810">810</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goond, <a href="#p768">768</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondroo, or <i>Goonderuk</i>, <a href=
-"#p808">808</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondur, <a href="#p776">776</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goonma, <a href="#p813">813</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goongchee, <a href="#p828">828</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goor, <a href="#p731">731</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goorcha, <a href="#p786">786</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooroochna, or <i>Gooroochun</i>, <a href=
-"#p785">785</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gota, <a href="#p805">805</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrbaghan, <a href="#p792">792</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrdun, also <i>Sutpootrie</i>, <a href=
-"#p787">787</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowreh, <a href="#p659">659</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrohun, <a href="#p671">671</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowruk, <a href="#p794">794</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goww, <a href="#p790">790</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowdunta, <a href="#p804">804</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudjpepullie, also <i>Gudjpeepul</i>, <a href=
-"#p710">710</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudha, <a href="#p716">716</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudloon, <a href="#p717">717</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gugundool, <a href="#p751">751</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gulbar, <a href="#p755">755</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gumbhar, <a href="#p764">764</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundheel, <a href="#p775">775</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundhka, <a href="#p783">783</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundhur, <a href="#p782">782</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gunduk, <a href="#p780">780</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gunyar, <a href="#p769">769</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gurehri, <a href="#p723">723</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gyndha, <a href="#p837">837</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb188" href="#pb188" name="pb188">188</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">H.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Habooka, <a href="#p1052">1052</a></p>
-<p class="par">Haimowtie, <a href="#p1051">1051</a></p>
-<p class="par">Haloon, <a href="#p1025">1025</a></p>
-<p class="par">Harsinghar, also <i>Hursinghar</i>, <a href=
-"#p1024">1024</a></p>
-<p class="par">Harun, <a href="#p1031">1031</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heeng, <a href="#p1047">1047</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heera, <a href="#p1050">1050</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heeraclokhi, <a href="#p1048">1048</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heerakussees, <a href="#p1049">1049</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hhoobaer, <a href="#p1046">1046</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingool, <a href="#p1053">1053</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingote, <a href="#p1042">1042</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingpootrie, <a href="#p1044">1044</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hoolhool, <a href="#p1040">1040</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hoorhoora, <a href="#p1027">1027</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hudbjora, <a href="#p1026">1026</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldee, also <i>Huld</i>, <a href="#p1038">1038</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldia, <a href="#p1039">1039</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldoo, <a href="#p1041">1041</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huns, <a href="#p1045">1045</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hunspeedie, <a href="#p1043">1043</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurbarbeorhi, <a href="#p1033">1033</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurr, <a href="#p1032">1032</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurtaal, <a href="#p1029">1029</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurunkherie, or <i>Hurunkhoorie</i>, <a href=
-"#p1028">1028</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthal, <a href="#p1035">1035</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthchinkhar, <a href="#p1037">1037</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthkool, <a href="#p1034">1034</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthuk, <a href="#p1036">1036</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hyrbee, <a href="#p1030">1030</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">I.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Inderain, <a href="#p74">74</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd24e23514" title=
-"Not in source">J.</span></h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Jaal, <a href="#p345">345</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaie Puttrie, <a href="#p341">341</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaiey, <a href="#p346">346</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaiphill, <a href="#p343">343</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jamalgotay, <a href="#p383">383</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jamin, <a href="#p338">338</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jatie, <a href="#p339">339</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jawakhar, <a href="#p402">402</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jawansa, <a href="#p395">395</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeengha, <a href="#p409">409</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeepaul, <a href="#p431">431</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewuk, <a href="#p422">422</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewung, also <i>Buthua</i>, <a href="#p425">425</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewuntie, or <i>Je&eacute;w&uacute;nie</i>, or
-<i>J&eacute;w&aacute;</i>, <a href="#p424">424</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jest, <a href="#p363">363</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jhirberie, <a href="#p419">419</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jholputtur, <a href="#p405">405</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jhow, <a href="#p415">415</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Benth, <a href="#p379">379</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Butees, <a href="#p380">380</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Neeb, <a href="#p381">381</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jillpeelbuka, <a href="#p375">375</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jojakhar, <a href="#p411">411</a></p>
-<p class="par">Joonk, <a href="#p400">400</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jooqunoo, <a href="#p373">373</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juhan, <a href="#p401">401</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juhi, <a href="#p398">398</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jungliechuha, <a href="#p388">388</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junkar, <a href="#p410">410</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junth, <a href="#p394">394</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junthmook, <a href="#p387">387</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb189" href="#pb189" name="pb189">189</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Jutamaasie, <a href="#p353">353</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juwar, <a href="#p399">399</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jyaphupp, <a href="#p420">420</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">K.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Kagphill, or <i>Kagtoondie</i>, <a href=
-"#p675">675</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kaiphill, or <i>Kutphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p677">677</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakjunga, <a href="#p665">665</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakolie, <a href="#p667">667</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakra Singie, <a href="#p673">673</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kaksaag, <a href="#p668">668</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalakora, <a href="#p685">685</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalesur, or <i>Kulesur</i>, <a href="#p688">688</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalizeerie, <a href="#p679">679</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalseenbie, <a href="#p682">682</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanakutchoo, <a href="#p674">674</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanch or <i>Kaatch</i>, <a href="#p678">678</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kandagolhi, <a href="#p690">690</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kangeerug, <a href="#p681">681</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanghi, <a href="#p689">689</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanjee, <a href="#p670">670</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kans, <a href="#p666">666</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kansi, <a href="#p682">682</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapithar Jug, <a href="#p696">696</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoor, <a href="#p691">691</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoorbile, <a href="#p693">693</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoor Kutcherie, <a href="#p698">698</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoorie, <a href="#p699">699</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karela, <a href="#p733">733</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kareyl, <a href="#p721">721</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karunj, <a href="#p722">722</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karownda, <a href="#p720">720</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kasht, <a href="#p680">680</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kasmerie, or <i>Kasmuroo</i>, or <i>Kasmurga</i>, or
-<i>Kasheera</i>, <a href="#p669">669</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kastipadile, <a href="#p687">687</a></p>
-<p class="par">Katchloon, <a href="#p686">686</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kath, also <i>Kuth</i>, <a href="#p672">672</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kathmanda, <a href="#p684">684</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawaal, <a href="#p798">798</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawul, <a href="#p765">765</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawulguth, <a href="#p766">766</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keekur, or <i>Babool</i>, <a href="#p848">848</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keera, or <i>Kheera</i>, <a href="#p824">824</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keet, or <i>Keetie</i>, <a href="#p849">849</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keetkarode, <a href="#p847">847</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kela, <a href="#p846">846</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keloondha, <a href="#p760">760</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kenkra, <a href="#p838">838</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keora, <a href="#p843">843</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kesur, or <i>Kunkum</i>, <a href="#p839">839</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kethki, <a href="#p844">844</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kewanch, <a href="#p845">845</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khaer, also <i>Cudder</i>, <a href="#p815">815</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khand, <a href="#p825">825</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khaperia, <a href="#p823">823</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khelowrie, <a href="#p829">829</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kherboozah, <a href="#p436">436</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khergosh, <a href="#p435">435</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kherie, <a href="#p817">817</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khesoo, <a href="#p833">833</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khewumberie, <a href="#p832">832</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khopra, <a href="#p831">831</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khorasanee (Adjwain), <a href="#p25">25</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khull, <a href="#p830">830</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb190" href="#pb190" name="pb190">190</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Khusa, also <i>Oshe&eacute;re</i>, <a href=
-"#p437">437</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khutchur, <a href="#p434">434</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khutmnl, <a href="#p821">821</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khylakhylie, <a href="#p826">826</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khynth, <a href="#p834">834</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kinchua, <a href="#p836">836</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kobhee, <a href="#p791">791</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kokla, <a href="#p800">800</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookra, <a href="#p748">748</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookrie, <a href="#p749">749</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kooktunduk, <a href="#p819">819</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookurbangra, <a href="#p807">807</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookurchundie, <a href="#p806">806</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kooleejan, <a href="#p758">758</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koolunta, <a href="#p759">759</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonch, <a href="#p796">796</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonda, also <i>Pita</i>, <a href="#p814">814</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koondoorie, <a href="#p773">773</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonj, <a href="#p795">795</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonja, <a href="#p778">778</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koontukphill, also <i>Kuntukanta</i>, <a href=
-"#p771">771</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kootki, <a href="#p701">701</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kora, <a href="#p735">735</a></p>
-<p class="par">Korund, <a href="#p730">730</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowa, also <i>Koral</i>, <a href="#p799">799</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowadoorie, <a href="#p802">802</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowla, <a href="#p767">767</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowrie, <a href="#p797">797</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishndaan, <a href="#p724">724</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishn Moolie, <a href="#p738">738</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishn Saarba, <a href="#p739">739</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kubab Cheenee, <a href="#p697">697</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kudum, <a href="#p715">715</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kujoor, <a href="#p822">822</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukora, <a href="#p747">747</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrie, <a href="#p750">750</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrownda, <a href="#p753">753</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrownela, <a href="#p746">746</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kulownjee, <a href="#p761">761</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kulumbuk, <a href="#p757">757</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumbeela, <a href="#p779">779</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumode, or <i>Komoodutti</i>, <a href=
-"#p762">762</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumruk, or <i>Kumruka</i>, <a href="#p763">763</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunaer or <i>Kurneer</i>, <a href="#p777">777</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kundurdolie, <a href="#p772">772</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunghi, <a href="#p784">784</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kungni, <a href="#p774">774</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunkole, <a href="#p770">770</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunoocha, <a href="#p781">781</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kupass, or <i>Kurpass</i>, <a href="#p696">696</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kupoor, also <i>Khesia</i>, <a href="#p692">692</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurinjua, or <i>Korinjeka</i>, or <i>Kurinjee</i>,
-<a href="#p728">728</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurkund, <a href="#p734">734</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurkura, <a href="#p727">727</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurna, <a href="#p719">719</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurni, <a href="#p736">736</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurr, <a href="#p732">732</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurrukphill, <a href="#p737">737</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurwanuk, <a href="#p725">725</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurwara, or <i>Kurwala</i>, <a href="#p729">729</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kussees, <a href="#p745">745</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kusseroo, or <i>Kusseruk</i>, <a href=
-"#p741">741</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kussoombh, <a href="#p743">743</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb191" href="#pb191" name="pb191">191</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Kussowndie, or <i>Kussownda</i>, <a href=
-"#p740">740</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kustoorie, <a href="#p744">744</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kustooryea Mirg, <a href="#p742">742</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutai, <a href="#p704">704</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutara, <a href="#p702">702</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchaloo, <a href="#p709">709</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutcherie, <a href="#p713">713</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchnar, <a href="#p708">708</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchoor, <a href="#p714">714</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchua, <a href="#p711">711</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuteera, <a href="#p703">703</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuth, <a href="#p707">707</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuthael, <a href="#p700">700</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutoonbur, <a href="#p705">705</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutputrie, <a href="#p706">706</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyloot, <a href="#p842">842</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyrnie, <a href="#p818">818</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyte, <a href="#p840">840</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kytiputtrie, <a href="#p841">841</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">L.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Laak, <a href="#p852">852</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahi, <a href="#p853">853</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahsun, <a href="#p875">875</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahusoonia, <a href="#p877">877</a></p>
-<p class="par">Langullie, <a href="#p854">854</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lasora, <a href="#p876">876</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lawa, <a href="#p855">855</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichkutch, also <i>Lukitch</i>, <a href=
-"#p861">861</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichmiphill, <a href="#p860">860</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichmuna, <a href="#p859">859</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lobaan, <a href="#p869">869</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lobeia, <a href="#p874">874</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lodh, <a href="#p864">864</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loha, <a href="#p867">867</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lolie, <a href="#p871">871</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lomrie, <a href="#p872">872</a></p>
-<p class="par">Long, <a href="#p868">868</a></p>
-<p class="par">Longmushk, <a href="#p873">873</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loni, <a href="#p870">870</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loodh&rsquo;phup, <a href="#p863">863</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loonia, <a href="#p866">866</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lubhera, <a href="#p855">855</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lublie, or <i>Lolie</i>, <a href="#p856">856</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lukmunia, and <i>Lukmunie</i>, <a href=
-"#p862">862</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lutoobrie, also <i>Soonitjhal</i>, <a href=
-"#p857">857</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lydoaloo, <a href="#p858">858</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">M.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Maachik, <a href="#p884">884</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maad, <a href="#p882">882</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maak, also <i>Maash</i>, <a href="#p881">881</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maankund, <a href="#p886">886</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maashpurnie, also <i>Makonie</i>, <a href=
-"#p890">890</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maat, <a href="#p889">889</a></p>
-<p class="par">Madhooie, <a href="#p879">879</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahameed, <a href="#p961">961</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maha Moondie, <a href="#p953">953</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahaneem, <a href="#p957">957</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahasutawurie, <a href="#p959">959</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahawunth, <a href="#p960">960</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahawur, <a href="#p962">962</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahesingie, <a href="#p888">888</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahkee, <a href="#p955">955</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahwa, <a href="#p954">954</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maien, <a href="#p883">883</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb192" href="#pb192" name="pb192">192</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Majoophill, or <i>Maijphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p885">885</a></p>
-<p class="par">Malknagnie, <a href="#p878">878</a></p>
-<p class="par">Malook, <a href="#p887">887</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maoarowbnee, <a href="#p880">880</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mayoorabuka, <a href="#p965">965</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mayursuka, <a href="#p964">964</a></p>
-<p class="par">Meed, <a href="#p971">971</a></p>
-<p class="par">Meetanioboo, <a href="#p972">972</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendha, <a href="#p966">966</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendi, <a href="#p958">958</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendi Auwul, <a href="#p963">963</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merch, <a href="#p909">909</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merchai, <a href="#p910">910</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merg, <a href="#p906">906</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mernal, <a href="#p912">912</a></p>
-<p class="par">Methie, <a href="#p968">968</a></p>
-<p class="par">Missie, also <i>Kakjunga</i>, <a href=
-"#p914">914</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mogra, <a href="#p951">951</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mohoka, <a href="#p956">956</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mohuk, <a href="#p936">936</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mokhun, <a href="#p937">937</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moocherae, <a href="#p935">935</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moodukpurnie, <a href="#p901">901</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moogta Sukut, <a href="#p921">921</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moogtaphill, <a href="#p927">927</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moojkuod, <a href="#p896">896</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mookul, <a href="#p944">944</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moolie, or <i>Moolug</i>, <a href="#p945">945</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moom, <a href="#p943">943</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moondie, <a href="#p927">927</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moondookpurnie, <a href="#p930">930</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moong, <a href="#p938">938</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moonga, <a href="#p947">947</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moonjee, <a href="#p933">933</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moora, <a href="#p905">905</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorhurrie, <a href="#p904">904</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorhuttee, <a href="#p908">908</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorsheka, <a href="#p950">950</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mooser, <a href="#p934">934</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mooslee, or <i>Mooslicund</i>, <a href=
-"#p949">949</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moot, <a href="#p932">932</a></p>
-<p class="par">Morba, <a href="#p941">941</a></p>
-<p class="par">More, <a href="#p940">940</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moth, <a href="#p939">939</a></p>
-<p class="par">Motha, <a href="#p942">942</a></p>
-<p class="par">Motie, <a href="#p946">946</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mowlserie, <a href="#p899">899</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muchechi, <a href="#p898">898</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mucheli, <a href="#p893">893</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudden, <a href="#p894">894</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muddenphill, <a href="#p948">948</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudh, <a href="#p900">900</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhkurkuttie, <a href="#p903">903</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhoolka, <a href="#p902">902</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhraa, <a href="#p897">897</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mug Peepul, <a href="#p920">920</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muggur, <a href="#p918">918</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mujeeth, <a href="#p895">895</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mukbara, also <i>Mukhana</i>, <a href=
-"#p923">923</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muko, <a href="#p919">919</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mukoond, <a href="#p917">917</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mullagheer, <a href="#p924">924</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mulleen, <a href="#p926">926</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mulleka, <a href="#p925">925</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb193" href="#pb193" name="pb193">193</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Mundar, <a href="#p931">931</a></p>
-<p class="par">Munn, <a href="#p928">928</a></p>
-<p class="par">Munmal, <a href="#p929">929</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murdok, <a href="#p979">979</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murorphillie, <a href="#p913">913</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mursa, <a href="#p911">911</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murua, <a href="#p907">907</a></p>
-<p class="par">Musakunie, <a href="#p952">952</a></p>
-<p class="par">Musoor, <a href="#p915">915</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mustchagundka, <a href="#p916">916</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muttreegurba, <a href="#p892">892</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muttur <a href="#p891">891</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mydhasingie, <a href="#p969">969</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mynphill, <a href="#p967">967</a></p>
-<p class="par">Myoorjung, <a href="#p970">970</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">N.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Naa&oelig;, <a href="#p983">983</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nadey, <a href="#p980">980</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagermotha, <a href="#p981">981</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagbulla, <a href="#p989">982</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagdown, <a href="#p977">977</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagdumnie, <a href="#p978">978</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagesur, <a href="#p976">976</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nainjooth, <a href="#p1018">1018</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nalee, or <i>Narie</i>, <a href="#p973">973</a></p>
-<p class="par">Naringee, <a href="#p975">975</a></p>
-<p class="par">Naryit, <a href="#p974">974</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neeb, <a href="#p1015">1015</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neel, <a href="#p1013">1013</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neela Sindhuk, <a href="#p1010">1010</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neela Totha, <a href="#p1005">1005</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelgau, <a href="#p1017">1017</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelasabood, <a href="#p1014">1014</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelkant, <a href="#p1008">1008</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelkunti, <a href="#p1019">1019</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelobe, <a href="#p1016">1016</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neenboo, <a href="#p1013">1013</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neendie, <a href="#p1009">1009</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neenuk, <a href="#p1006">1006</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neeturbala, <a href="#p1004">1004</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nekund Baaperi, <a href="#p998">998</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Chitchera, <a href="#p993">993</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Kutchloon, <a href="#p995">995</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk S&oelig;ndha, <a href="#p997">997</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Soonchur, also <i>Nemuk Sia</i>, <a href=
-"#p994">994</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Udhbidh, <a href="#p996">996</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nergoondie, <a href="#p986">986</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nerkutchoor, <a href="#p985">985</a></p>
-<p class="par">Newarrie, <a href="#p1001">1001</a></p>
-<p class="par">Newla, <a href="#p1007">1007</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neyrmellie, <a href="#p987">987</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nirbissie, <a href="#p984">984</a></p>
-<p class="par">Niswut, <a href="#p988">988</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nowllee, <a href="#p1003">1003</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nowsader, <a href="#p1002">1002</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nuk, <a href="#p989">989</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nukchecknie, <a href="#p990">990</a></p>
-<p class="par">Null, or <i>Nullie</i>, <a href="#p992">992</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nullwa, <a href="#p991">991</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nunahuld, also <i>Mamerran</i> <a href=
-"#p1000">1000</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nundbyrchun, or <i>Nundbyrkha</i>, <a href=
-"#p999">999</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nypaul, also <i>Nupaul Neib</i>, <a href=
-"#p1011">1011</a> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb194" href="#pb194"
-name="pb194">194</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd24e25427" title=
-"Not in source">P.</span></h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Pa&aacute;, <a href="#p92">92</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paadae, <a href="#p101">101</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paan, <a href="#p110">110</a></p>
-<p class="par">Padill, also <i>Patill</i>, <a href="#p91">91</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paethaon, also <i>Culsi</i> or <i>Breshtpirnie</i>,
-<a href="#p128">128</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pakur, also <i>Pakull</i>, <a href="#p99">99</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palass, also <i>Pullae</i>, <a href="#p190">190</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palass Peepul, <a href="#p192">192</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palewut, also <i>Palook</i>, <a href="#p96">96</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palug, <a href="#p109">109</a></p>
-<p class="par">Panee Amluk, <a href="#p100">100</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papeitha, <a href="#p125">125</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paperie, <a href="#p103">103</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papeyha, <a href="#p127">127</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papieha, <a href="#p123">123</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papotun, <a href="#p124">124</a></p>
-<p class="par">Para, or <i>Parud</i>, <a href="#p112">112</a></p>
-<p class="par">Parha, <a href="#p106">106</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pariss Peepol, also <i>Palass Peepul</i>, <a href=
-"#p111">111</a></p>
-<p class="par">Parjath, or <i>Parbhudder</i>, <a href=
-"#p119">119</a></p>
-<p class="par">Passownie, <a href="#p278">278</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patera, also <i>Pat&egrave;la</i>, <a href=
-"#p130">130</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patirr, <a href="#p118">118</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patole, <a href="#p129">129</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patung, <a href="#p131">131</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pechuck, <a href="#p265">265</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pedloon, also <i>Kutchloon</i>, <a href=
-"#p156">156</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peease, <a href="#p274">274</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeche, <a href="#p280">280</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeloo, <a href="#p272">272</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeplamool, <a href="#p275">275</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peepul, <a href="#p269">269</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peertuckhpirnie, <a href="#p169">169</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeta, also <i>Khunda</i>, <a href="#p277">277</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peetul, <a href="#p268">268</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pendaloo, <a href="#p205">205</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peoke, or <i>Peossie</i>, <a href="#p273">273</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pereshtpurnie, <a href="#p161">161</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peroza, or <i>Berektummun</i>, <a href=
-"#p176">176</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phaar, <a href="#p251">251</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phaloke, <a href="#p260">260</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phalisae, or <i>Ph&aacute;lsa</i>, <a href=
-"#p229">229</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phankra, <a href="#p253">253</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phirrhud, <a href="#p231">231</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phitkerrie, <a href="#p255">255</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phoje, <a href="#p234">234</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phooth, <a href="#p263">263</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phunjeetuck, <a href="#p240">240</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindaluck, or <i>Pindal</i>, <a href="#p206">206</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindkhajoor, <a href="#p208">208</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindole, <a href="#p204">204</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pithpapra, <a href="#p133">133</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pockurmool, <a href="#p235">235</a></p>
-<p class="par">Podeena, <a href="#p228">228</a></p>
-<p class="par">Podhka, or <i>Boleserie</i>, <a href="#p222">222</a></p>
-<p class="par">Poiey, <a href="#p221">221</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ponauk, <a href="#p201">201</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ponda, <a href="#p226">226</a></p>
-<p class="par">Poondereek, <a href="#p211">211</a></p>
-<p class="par">Potie, <a href="#p224">224</a></p>
-<p class="par">Potuck, <a href="#p225">225</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pudumcharnie, <a href="#p154">154</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pudmeinie, <a href="#p153">153</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb195" href="#pb195" name="pb195">195</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Pudumrauj, <a href="#p155">155</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pulwull, <a href="#p193">193</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punchcheer, <a href="#p213">213</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punealae, <a href="#p220">220</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pungekool, <a href="#p214">214</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punjemool, <a href="#p215">215</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punk, <a href="#p202">202</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punna, <a href="#p209">209</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punnus, <a href="#p219">219</a></p>
-<p class="par">Puns, <a href="#p218">218</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purbal, <a href="#p167">167</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purpeeloo, <a href="#p159">159</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purundha, <a href="#p172">172</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pursarnie, <a href="#p173">173</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pushanbedh, <a href="#p187">187</a></p>
-<p class="par">Putalphoorie, <a href="#p140">140</a></p>
-<p class="par">Putrudj, <a href="#p132">132</a></p>
-<p class="par">Puturjenie, <a href="#p141">141</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pynvar, or <i>T&oelig;roota</i>, <a href=
-"#p200">200</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pystha, <a href="#p178">178</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pysturling, <a href="#p139">139</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pytha, <a href="#p179">179</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">R.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Raab, <a href="#p477">477</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raal, <a href="#p483">483</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raang, <a href="#p482">482</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rahusphill, <a href="#p515">515</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rai, <a href="#p482">482</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raibele, <a href="#p486">486</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raidooree, <a href="#p488">488</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajehuns, <a href="#p481">481</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajejakha, <a href="#p480">480</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajeneemboophile, <a href="#p485">485</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raje Umber, <a href="#p478">478</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raje Ummur, <a href="#p489">489</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ramputtrie, <a href="#p484">484</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rashna, <a href="#p487">487</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rasie<span class="corr" id="xd24e25993" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <a href="#p490">490</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rassun. Also <i>Raisun</i>, or <i>Rowasun</i>, <a href=
-"#p479">479</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rattaloo, also <i>Runtaloo</i>, <a href=
-"#p492">492</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rawasun, <a href="#p507">507</a></p>
-<p class="par">Recktaal, or <i>Rukitkund</i>, <a href=
-"#p601">601</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reech, <a href="#p517">517</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reenga, <a href="#p518">518</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reetha, <a href="#p519">519</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reewudj, <a href="#p516">516</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rekhbuk, <i>Rekhbukh</i>, or <i>Rekhba</i>, <a href=
-"#p500">500</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rewind, <a href="#p520">520</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roheera, <a href="#p514">514</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rohni, <a href="#p513">513</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rohoo, <a href="#p508">508</a></p>
-<p class="par">Romus, or <i>Mudwal</i>, <a href="#p512">512</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roohus, <a href="#p509">509</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roodraz, <a href="#p495">495</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roodwunti, <a href="#p495">495</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rooi, <a href="#p511">511</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roopa, also <i>Roopuk</i>, <a href="#p510">510</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruckitchunden, <a href="#p502">502</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rudd, <a href="#p494">494</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rukitphoop, <a href="#p504">504</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rukitsal, <a href="#p503">503</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rungni, <a href="#p505">505</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rungtirra, also <i>Sungtirra</i>, <a href=
-"#p506">506</a></p>
-<p class="par">Russ, <a href="#p497">497</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb196" href="#pb196" name="pb196">196</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Russ Kapoor, <a href="#p499">499</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rusunjeen, <a href="#p498">498</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruswut, <a href="#p496">496</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruttun, <a href="#p493">493</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruttunjooth, also <i>Abookhoolsa</i>, <a href=
-"#p491">491</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">S.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Saaje, <a href="#p534">534</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saal, <a href="#p542">542</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saale, <a href="#p536">536</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saalie, <a href="#p532">532</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saalpernie, or <i>Saloom</i>, <a href=
-"#p531">531</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saaltie, also <i>Kapoor Kutcherie</i>, <a href=
-"#p533">533</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saamp, <a href="#p541">541</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saarba, <a href="#p527">527</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sabur, <a href="#p539">539</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saeb, <a href="#p634">634</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sagown, or <i>Saag</i>, <a href="#p530">530</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sahidei, <a href="#p619">619</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sahunserbede, <a href="#p617">617</a></p>
-<p class="par">Salamookh, <a href="#p537">537</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saluk, or <i>Salook</i>, <a href="#p529">529</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sanbir, <a href="#p526">526</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saramill, <i>Sarumluk</i>, or <i>Saral</i>, <a href=
-"#p528">528</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sarass, <a href="#p540">540</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saro, <a href="#p538">538</a></p>
-<p class="par">Satoon, <a href="#p543">543</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sawang, <a href="#p535">535</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sealie, <a href="#p628">628</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sebaloo, <i>Sebalie</i>, or <i>Nindee</i>, <a href=
-"#p589">589</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sedarth, <a href="#p554">554</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seelidj, <a href="#p632">632</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seenaki, <a href="#p629">629</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seenku, <a href="#p630">630</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seep, or <i>Seepie</i>, <a href="#p633">633</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seetaphill, <a href="#p635">635</a></p>
-<p class="par">Segund Philla, <a href="#p575">575</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sehoond, <a href="#p623">623</a></p>
-<p class="par">Semb, also <i>S&eacute;me</i>, <a href=
-"#p622">622</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sembill, <a href="#p621">621</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sendh&aelig;, <a href="#p627">627</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sendhi, <a href="#p626">626</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seotie, <a href="#p631">631</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sericbans, <a href="#p563">563</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seriepurnie, also <i>Gumbar</i>, <a href=
-"#p570">570</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seriss, also <i>Sereeka</i>, <a href="#p564">564</a></p>
-<p class="par">Serje, <a href="#p560">560</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seroopbudder, <a href="#p571">571</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seroopjeea, <a href="#p569">569</a></p>
-<p class="par">Setawur, also <i>Setawurie</i>, or <i>Shetawur</i>,
-<a href="#p549">549</a></p>
-<p class="par">Setoopula, <a href="#p548">548</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shaldan, <a href="#p637">637</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shalook, <a href="#p638">638</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheesha, <a href="#p654">654</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheeshum, also <i>Seeshum</i>, <a href=
-"#p655">655</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheeta, <a href="#p653">653</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shehut, <a href="#p652">652</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheobogun, <a href="#p656">656</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shereefa, also <i>Seetaphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p642">642</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shetoot, <a href="#p651">651</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shitawuballie, <a href="#p641">641</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sholie, <a href="#p649">649</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shora, <a href="#p650">650</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shubbe, <a href="#p639">639</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shuftaloo, <a href="#p643">643</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb197" href="#pb197" name="pb197">197</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Shukur Javan, <a href="#p644">644</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shukur Kund, <a href="#p645">645</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shumie, also <i>Seenkur</i>, <a href="#p646">646</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shungirf, also <i>Ingoor</i>, <a href=
-"#p648">648</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shunphopee, <a href="#p647">647</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shutawur, <a href="#p640">640</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sial, <a href="#p625">625</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sillajeet, also <i>Silladeet</i>, <a href=
-"#p577">577</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sillaruss, <a href="#p578">578</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sindoor, <a href="#p590">590</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sindoorie, <a href="#p585">585</a></p>
-<p class="par">Singhara, <a href="#p584">584</a></p>
-<p class="par">Singia, or <i>Singia Jur</i>, also <i>Singia Khar</i>,
-or <i>Beechnak</i>, <a href="#p636">636</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sip Kullie, <a href="#p544">544</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirool, <a href="#p565">565</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirpund, <a href="#p562">562</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirsom, or <i>Seerkup</i>, <a href="#p566">566</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirunmaki, <a href="#p568">568</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sisoo, or <i>Sishum</i>, <a href="#p624">624</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohaga, <a href="#p620">620</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohora, <a href="#p616">616</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohunjena, or <i>Suhinjena</i>, or <i>Sajena</i>, or
-<i>Sekir</i>, <a href="#p618">618</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooder Lone, <a href="#p581">581</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooder Phane, <a href="#p580">580</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooderphill, <a href="#p579">579</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somoodersake, <a href="#p582">582</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somph, <a href="#p605">605</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sona, <a href="#p604">604</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sonamukie, <a href="#p597">597</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sonth, <a href="#p606">606</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soocherakhar, <a href="#p553">553</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooderie, <a href="#p610">610</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooe Junglie, <a href="#p612">612</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soogunass, <a href="#p576">576</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soomboolkhar, <a href="#p591">591</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soombullie, <a href="#p599">599</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soonchur, <a href="#p608">608</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soonkullie, <a href="#p613">613</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soopearee, <a href="#p545">545</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soopee, <a href="#p603">603</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorinjoothka, <a href="#p596">596</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorjemooki, <a href="#p609">609</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooroon, <a href="#p598">598</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorudijhall, <a href="#p615">615</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorunkitki, <a href="#p567">567</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooryalee, <a href="#p561">561</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soos, <a href="#p600">600</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soubustanee, <a href="#p611">611</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sowa, <a href="#p607">607</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sowall, <a href="#p614">614</a></p>
-<p class="par">Subskun, <a href="#p546">546</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sud Sohaung, <a href="#p555">555</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suda Khar, <a href="#p556">556</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sudagolab, <a href="#p558">558</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sudaphill, or <i>Sudeephill</i>, <a href=
-"#p557">557</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suer, <a href="#p601">601</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suffrie Ambr, <a href="#p574">574</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungjerahut, also <i>Sungderaz</i>, <a href=
-"#p594">594</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungjoothka, <a href="#p595">595</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungkaholie, <a href="#p586">586</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungtirra, <a href="#p583">583</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkh, <a href="#p588">588</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkhal, <a href="#p593">593</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb198" href="#pb198" name="pb198">198</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkia, <a href="#p592">592</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunn, <a href="#p587">587</a></p>
-<p class="par">Surphoka, also <i>Soojer</i>, <a href=
-"#p559">559</a></p>
-<p class="par">Surwalla, <a href="#p572">572</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sussa, <a href="#p573">573</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutarie, <a href="#p547">547</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suteepulas, <a href="#p552">552</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutputtrie, <a href="#p550">550</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutsar, <a href="#p551">551</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suwa, <a href="#p602">602</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">T.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Taal, or <i>Taar</i>, <a href="#p283">283</a></p>
-<p class="par">Taalesputter, <a href="#p284">284</a></p>
-<p class="par">Taberuck, <a href="#p286">286</a></p>
-<p class="par">Takkur, <a href="#p305">305</a></p>
-<p class="par">Talmukara, or <i>Talmukana</i>, <a href=
-"#p282">282</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tamaal, <a href="#p312">312</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tamaalputtur, <a href="#p314">314</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tanbirr, <a href="#p285">285</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tarkoota, or <i>Terookhun</i>, <a href=
-"#p294">294</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tatyrie, <a href="#p289">289</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tawakeer, <a href="#p320">320</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tedhara, <a href="#p292">292</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teerun, <a href="#p335">335</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teetee, <a href="#p337">337</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teetur, <a href="#p330">330</a></p>
-<p class="par">Telk, <a href="#p308">308</a></p>
-<p class="par">Telkirur, or <i>Telk&uacute;r</i>, <a href=
-"#p332">332</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teluck, <a href="#p307">307</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tendhoo, also <i>Tendook</i>, <a href=
-"#p328">328</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tendooa, <a href="#p331">331</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teraemanna, also <i>Teraman</i>, <a href=
-"#p229">229</a></p>
-<p class="par">Terbile, <a href="#p336">336</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teriagundh, of <i>Tirjatuck</i>, <a href=
-"#p295">295</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teroor, also great <i>Dathun</i>, <a href=
-"#p300">300</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tersindiaturnie, <a href="#p298">298</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tesoo, <a href="#p333">333</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tezpat, <a href="#p334">334</a></p>
-<p class="par">Thour, <a href="#p327">327</a></p>
-<p class="par">Till, or <i>Tillee</i>, <a href="#p309">309</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirdisha, <a href="#p302">302</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirmirra, <a href="#p297">297</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirnie, <a href="#p301">301</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb199" href="#pb199" name="pb199">199</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Tirpurnie, <a href="#p304">304</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirtuck, <a href="#p296">296</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tittereck, also <i>Tintereek</i>, <a href=
-"#p290">290</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tombrir, also <i>Tombie</i>, <a href="#p321">321</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toodun, <a href="#p325">325</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tooiekam, <a href="#p324">324</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toolsi, <a href="#p310">310</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toon, <a href="#p315">315</a>, <a href=
-"#p316">316</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toor, <a href="#p31">31</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toott, <a href="#p326">326</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toour, <a href="#p323">323</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tubasheer, or <i>Tubakeer</i>, <a href=
-"#p287">287</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tudje, also <i>Keelkheela</i>, <a href=
-"#p291">291</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuggur, <a href="#p306">306</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tomakoo, <a href="#p311">311</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tumbole, <a href="#p318">318</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tunkaar, <a href="#p319">319</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuntureek, also <i>Seem&aacute;k</i>, <a href=
-"#p317">317</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuputtee, or <i>Typsie</i>, <a href="#p288">288</a></p>
-<p class="par">Turai, <a href="#p322">322</a></p>
-<p class="par">Turkool, <a href="#p293">293</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tym, <a href="#p313">313</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tyrphilla, <a href="#p303">303</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">V.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Vaasun, also <i>Bootee Shaikh Fureed</i>, <a href=
-"#p1020">1020</a></p>
-<p class="par">Vcherkhar, <a href="#p1021">1021</a></p>
-<p class="par">Veedoorie, also <i>Bedoorie</i>, <a href=
-"#p1022">1022</a></p>
-<p class="par">Veroojun, also <i>Beroojun</i>, <a href=
-"#p1023">1023</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">Z.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Zachmeheath, <a href="#p523">523</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zeera, <a href="#p521">521</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zeerki, <a href="#p522">522</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zerki, also <i>K&aacute;la Dana</i>, <a href=
-"#p524">524</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zumiekund, <a href="#p525">525</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 appendix"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">APPENDIX.</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>Page.</i></span></li>
-<li>Burning of hands and feet, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum">177</span></li>
-<li>Parts of human body, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum">178</span></li>
-<li>Tastes, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Secretions or humours, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Degrees, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum">179</span></li>
-<li>Weights, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Abbreviations, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-</ul>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb200" href="#pb200" name=
-"pb200">200</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par">N. B. A few articles contained in the original work,
-viz. Medicines principally used in sorcery and incantation, have been
-omitted with the Translator&rsquo;s permission. This renders the
-succession of Nos. of the articles irregular,&mdash;for instance, No.
-72 follows next after No. 70.</p>
-<p class="par signed">W. T.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div1" id="toc">
-<h2 class="main">Table of Contents</h2>
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#notice">Notice</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href=
-"#preface">TRANSLATOR&rsquo;S PREFACE.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#preface">iii</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#gloss">GLOSSARY.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#gloss">v</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#errata">ERRATA.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#errata">vii</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#taleef">&#1575;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#taleef">1</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#beh">&#1576;&#1548;
-&#1662;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#beh">21</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#teh">&#1578;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#teh">56</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#jeem">&#1580;&#1548;
-&#1670;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#jeem">65</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#khah">&#1582;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#khah">76</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#dal">&#1583;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#dal">77</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#reh">&#1585;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#reh">83</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#zain">&#1586;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#zain">89</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#seen">&#1587;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#seen">90</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#sheen">&#1588;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#sheen">108</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#ain">&#1593;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#ain">110</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#ghain">&#1594;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#ghain">110</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#kaf">&#1603;&#1548;
-&#1711;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#kaf">111</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#lam">&#1604;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#lam">143</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#meem">&#1605;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#meem">148</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#noon">&#1606;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#noon">165</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#vav">&#1608;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#vav">172</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#heh">&#1607;</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#heh">173</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#app">Appendix</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#app">177</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#xd24e20955">Burning in
-the Hands and Feet</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e20955">177</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#xd24e21007">The
-tastes</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e21007">178</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e21162">Degrees</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e21162">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e21189">Weights</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e21189">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e21259">Abbreviations</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e21259">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#index">INDEX.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#index">181</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<div class="transcribernote">
-<h2 class="main">Colophon</h2>
-<h3 class="main">Availability</h3>
-<p class="par first">This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no
-cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give
-it away or re-use it under the terms of the <a class="seclink xd24e48"
-title="External link" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/license" rel=
-"license">Project Gutenberg License</a> included with this eBook or
-online at <a class="seclink xd24e48" title="External link" href=
-"https://www.gutenberg.org/" rel="home">www.gutenberg.org</a>.</p>
-<p class="par">This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at <a class="exlink xd24e48" title="External link"
-href="http://www.pgdp.net/">www.pgdp.net</a>.</p>
-<h3 class="main">Metadata</h3>
-<table class="colophonMetadata">
-<tr>
-<td><b>Title:</b></td>
-<td>The Taleef Shereef, Or Indian Materia Medica</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Author:</b></td>
-<td>[Muh&#803;ammad Shar&#299;f Kh&#257;n]</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Translator:</b></td>
-<td>George Playfair</td>
-<td><a href="http://viaf.org/viaf/37312300" class=
-"exlink">Info</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Language:</b></td>
-<td>English</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Original publication date:</b></td>
-<td>1833</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<h3>Catalog entries</h3>
-<table class="catalogEntries">
-<tr>
-<td>Related WorldCat catalog page:</td>
-<td><a href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/504426282" class=
-"seclink">504426282</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td>Related Open Library catalog page (for work):</td>
-<td><a href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL9420386W" class=
-"seclink">OL9420386W</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<h3 class="main">Encoding</h3>
-<p class="par first">This work is sorted according to the Arabic (Urdu)
-alphabetical order. Headers have been supplied by the transcriber.</p>
-<p class="par">When reading this text, please use the free font
-<a class="exlink xd24e48" title="External link" href=
-"http://software.sil.org/scheherazade/">Scheherazade</a>, developed by
-SIL. This includes all characters required for Urdu, and is far more
-elegant than the fonts delivered with most computers. SIL is currently
-also developing a Nastaliq style font called <a class="exlink xd24e48"
-title="External link" href="http://software.sil.org/awami/">Awami</a>,
-which would be even more appropriate for this text, but, unfortunately,
-is not supported in most browers, and doesn&rsquo;t include a number of
-characters used in this old text.</p>
-<p class="par">Both the transcription and the Urdu itself is not very
-consistent; no attempts have been made to improve that. The Urdu
-transcription used during production of this ebook is as follows:</p>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<thead>
-<tr class="label">
-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e87 cellHeadLeft cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
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-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e88 cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
-Transcription</td>
-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e89 cellHeadRight cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
-Notes</td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e87 cellHeadLeft cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
-Letter</td>
-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e88 cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
-Transcription</td>
-<td class="xd24e90 xd24e89 cellHeadRight cellHeadTop cellHeadBottom">
-Notes</td>
-</tr>
-</thead>
-<tbody>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1575;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">A</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1591;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">T</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1571;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'a</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1592;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">Z</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1573;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'i</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1593;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">`</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1570;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'A</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1594;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">gh</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1649;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">"A</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1601;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">f</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1576;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">b</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1602;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">q</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1578;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">t</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1700;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">v</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1579;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">th</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1603;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">k</td>
-<td rowspan="3" class="xd24e89 cellRight"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;</span> and <span lang="ur">&#1711;</span> are often
-confused; <span lang="ur">&#1705;</span> is often used at the end of
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-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1657;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'t</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight">Rendered with four dots.</td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1711;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">g</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1662;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">p</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1705;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'k</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1580;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">j</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1604;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">l</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1581;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">H</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1605;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">m</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1582;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">kh</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1606;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">n</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1670;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">ch</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1722;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'n</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight">Noon ghunna.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1583;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">d</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1607;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">-h</td>
-<td rowspan="3" class="xd24e89 cellRight">Do-chasmi heh is normally
-used for aspirates only. This book is inconsistent in its usage.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1584;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">dh</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1729;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">x</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1672;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'d</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight">Rendered with four dots.</td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1577;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">"h</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1585;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">r</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1728;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">e</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1586;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">z</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1608;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">U</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1688;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">zh</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1572;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'u</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1681;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'r</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight">Rendered with four dots.</td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1609;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">I</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1587;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">s</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1610;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">y</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1588;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">sh</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1574;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">'y</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1589;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">S</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1569;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">||</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft"><span lang="ur">&#1590;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88">D</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight"></td>
-<td class="cellDoubleUp"></td>
-<td class="xd24e87 cellLeft cellBottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1746;</span></td>
-<td class="xd24e88 cellBottom">E</td>
-<td class="xd24e89 cellRight cellBottom">This book uses <span lang=
-"ur">&#1609;</span> at the end of words.</td>
-</tr>
-</tbody>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<h3 class="main">Revision History</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>2011-01-01 Started.</li>
-</ul>
-<h3 class="main">External References</h3>
-<p>This Project Gutenberg eBook contains external references. These
-links may not work for you.</p>
-<h3 class="main">Corrections</h3>
-<p>The following corrections have been applied to the text:</p>
-<table class="correctiontable" summary=
-"Overview of corrections applied to the text.">
-<tr>
-<th>Page</th>
-<th>Source</th>
-<th>Correction</th>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2081">1</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1601;
-&#1588;&#1585;&#1610;&#1601;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2121">1</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2144">2</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Perpared</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Prepared</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2153">3</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">pealed</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">peeled</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2163">3</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and stone</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2165">3</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2170">3</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e16446">134</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">eat</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">eaten</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2280">5</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1575;&#1604;&#1608;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1575;&#1576;&#1609;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2463">7</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">),</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2556">8</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Madentuzeerabad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2612">9</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10775">84</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&ldquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2870">11</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3666">19</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e12367">97</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15435">125</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16535">136</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e19970">169</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2904">12</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3312">15</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1575;&#1603;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1610;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1575;&#1603;&#1575;&#1587;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1729;&#1577;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3420">16</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3550">17</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e3776">20</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5400">37</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8348">65</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e9295">72</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9479">73</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10189">79</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e10942">85</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10980">85</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11055">86</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e12942">102</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14317">114</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14397">115</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15561">127</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17298">144</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17441">145</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e17624">147</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e18311">152</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e19134">162</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e20883">177</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
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-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3563">17</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">serratted</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">serrated</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3678">19</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.&mdash;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3980">22</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentuzurrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4132">24</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maader Tezerrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4384">27</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadertererrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
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-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4814">32</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14165">113</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5359">37</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strenghthens</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strengthens</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5499">38</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">herbt ribe</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">herb tribe</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5675">39</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">th eseeds</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">the seeds</td>
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-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5860">42</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1603;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1604;&#1608;&#1587;&#1610;&#1603;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5997">43</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1576;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1606;
-&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6123">43</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1662;&#1608;&#1575;&#1604;&#1575;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1606;&#1608;&#1604;&#1575;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6134">43</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1662;&#1606;&#1670;
-&#1670;&#1610;&#1606;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1580;
-&#1670;&#1610;&#1586;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6287">45</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1662;&#1606;&#1587;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1662;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6484">47</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">from</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">by</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6490">47</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">or</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6589">48</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1576;&#1606;&#1610;&#1587;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1587;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6858">51</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1610;&#1575;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1729;&#1606;&#1583;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7088">53</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1576;&#1607;&#1606;&#1610;&#1580;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1580;
-&#1576;&#1606;&#1583;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7105">53</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1576;&#1610;&#1657;&#1729;&#1577;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1606;&#1577;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7122">53</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">lithonthriptic,</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">are lithonthriptic, useful in</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7178">54</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1576;&#1610;&#1604;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7211">54</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, bile</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7622">58</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;&#1608;&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1578;&#1610;&#1585;&#1587;
-&#1711;&#1606;&#1583;&#1577;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7858">60</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">(</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7995">62</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1578;&#1606;&#1610;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1606;&#1578;&#1585;&#1610;&#1603;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8133">63</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1578;&#1608;&#1575;&#1574;&#1609;
-&#1603;&#1605;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1578;&#1608;&#1610;&#1603;&#1575;&#1605;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8495">66</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">effetcual</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">effectual</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8637">67</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">are</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8925">69</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strenghtens</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strengthens</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9054">69</a>,
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-"#xd24e22650">186</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e25993">195</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9178">71</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jamalgotay</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jamalgota</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9237">71</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">appetie</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">appetite</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9394">72</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">of</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10854">85</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">it sproperties</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">its properties</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11029">86</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">he</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">the</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11068">87</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&prime;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11180">87</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11199">88</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e11214">88</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11232">88</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11247">88</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e11272">88</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11320">88</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.&mdash;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11288">88</a>,
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-<td class="width40 bottom"></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&mdash;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11301">88</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;&#1606;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1585;&#1608;&#1607;&#1587;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11394">89</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1610;&#1604;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang="ur">&#1585;&#1575;&#1607;&#1587;
-&#1662;&#1607;&#1604;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11506">89</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1586;&#1610;&#1670;&#1577;&#1605;&#1610;&#1729;&#1578;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1586;&#1582;&#1605;&#1610;&#1729;&#1610;&#1575;&#1578;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11572">90</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1587;&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1585;&#1575;&#1605;&#1604;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11702">91</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Saale</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Saal</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11705">91</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1575;&#1604;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11969">93</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1603;&#1729;&#1604;
-&#1605;&#1575;&#1585;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1583;&#1575;&#1582;&#1608;&#1575;&#1585;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12415">97</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezurrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12420">97</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">mois</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">moist</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12688">100</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">phelgm</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">phlegm</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13202">106</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1610;&#1575;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1606;&#1575;&#1602;&#1609;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13216">106</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1587;&#1606;&#1610;&#1603;&#1608;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1587;&#1610;&#1606;&#1603;&#1608;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13744">110</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">benefical</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">beneficial</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14085">112</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">cummin</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">cumin</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14158">113</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e19477">164</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chesnut</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chestnut</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14278">114</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">symptoms</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">disorders</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14854">119</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Arukbuhar</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Arukbahar</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15173">122</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">it</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">its</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15322">124</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">
-&#1603;&#1602;&#1585;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1603;&#1603;&#1608;&#1585;&#1575;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15629">127</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, also</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15906">130</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">do</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">does</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16073">131</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1711;&#1608;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1574;&#1608;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16501">135</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e19140">162</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16929">140</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">(Hawk)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16932">140</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Baar</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Baaz</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17047">141</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1603;&#1610;&#1578;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1711;&#1610;&#1578;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17321">144</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&#1608;&#1657;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom"><span lang=
-"ur">&#1604;&#1578;&#1608;&#1576;&#1585;&#1609;</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17357">144</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, a</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17449">145</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadenterzerrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e17500">145</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Portulacca</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Portulaca</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e18651">157</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jumaz</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Juzam</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e18665">157</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Moonjee</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Monje</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e19337">163</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">exhilirates</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">exhilarates</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e19668">166</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and cherdee</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chordee</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e20264">172</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, with great good effect</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e20295">172</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">)&rdquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e23514">188</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">J.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e25427">194</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">P.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</div>
-
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of The Taleef Shereef, by Muhammad Sharif Khan
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: The Taleef Shereef
- Or, Indian Materia Medica
-
-Author: Muhammad Sharif Khan
-
-Translator: George Playfair
-
-Release Date: December 18, 2016 [EBook #53755]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE TALEEF SHEREEF ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Jeroen Hellingman and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net/ for Project
-Gutenberg (This book was produced from scanned images of
-public domain material from the Google Books project.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTICE
-
-The medical knowledge represented in this book is several centuries
-old. The publication of this book is for historical interest only,
-and is not to be construed as medical advice by Project Gutenberg
-or its volunteers. Medicinal plants should not be used without
-consulting a trained medical professional. Medical science has made
-considerable progress since this book was written. Recommendations
-or prescriptions have been superseded by better alternatives, or
-invalidated altogether. This book contains a number of prescriptions
-that are very dangerous.
-
-
-
-
- THE
-
- TALEEF SHEREEF,
-
- OR
-
- INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA;
-
- TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL.
-
- BY
-
- GEORGE PLAYFAIR, Esq.
-
- SUPERINTENDING SURGEON, BENGAL SERVICE.
-
-
-
- PUBLISHED BY
-
- The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta.
-
- Calcutta:
-
- PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, CIRCULAR ROAD.
- SOLD BY MESSRS. THACKER & CO. CALCUTTA; & BY MESSRS. PARBURY, ALLEN
- & CO.
- 1833.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-TRANSLATOR'S PREFACE.
-
-
-In the course of a practice of upwards of twenty-six years in India,
-I have often had occasion to regret, that I had no publication to
-guide me, in my wish to become acquainted with the properties of
-native medicines, which I had frequently seen, in the hands of the
-Physicians of Hindoostan, productive of the most beneficial effects
-in many diseases, for the cure of which our Pharmacopeia supplied no
-adequate remedy; and the few which I had an opportunity of becoming
-acquainted with, so far exceeded my expectations, that I determined
-to make a Translation of the present work, for my own gratification
-and future guidance.
-
-Having finished the translation, I became convinced, that I should
-not have fulfilled the whole of my duty if I did not make it public;
-and ill calculated as I know myself for such an undertaking, I have
-ventured to offer it to the world, with all its imperfections.
-
-Conscious, that the liberal minded will give me credit for the best
-of motives, I shall not dread criticism; and if it has the effect
-of inducing those more competent to the task to an inquiry into
-the properties of native medicines, my views will have been fully
-accomplished.
-
-In writing the names of the different medicines, I have followed the
-Author's example, and have been guided solely by the pronunciation,
-without altering the sound given to the letters in English, and have
-not borrowed a single name from any work of Oriental literature. In
-this I may have acted wrong, but I did so from the conviction, that by
-this method, the names would be more familiar, and better understood,
-by the Natives in researches after the different drugs.
-
-I have inserted as many of the systematic names as I could trace,
-both from Dr. Fleming's work, and those of others; but I regret,
-that I was not honored in the acquaintance of any Botanist who could
-have assisted me with more.
-
-To the youth of the profession, I trust the work may be acceptable, by
-leading them to the knowledge, that such medicines are in existence;
-and my medical brethren of the higher grades may not deem further
-inquiry into the properties of native drugs beneath their notice.
-
-To the profession at large, then, I beg leave to dedicate this
-Translation, with the hope, that they will make due allowance for
-all faults, and that some of the more experienced will favor us with
-another and better edition.
-
-To my respected friends Messrs. Wilson and Twining, the profession is
-indebted, that this little work ever saw light; and though they are
-godfathers to none of its errors, yet without their encouragement and
-aid, it must have slumbered in oblivion, and remained as was intended,
-(after the failure of an attempt on the part of the translator,)
-a manual for his own private use.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-GLOSSARY.
-
-
-Acouta, Herpes.
-Aruk, Distilled liquid.
-Boolbul, Indian Nightingale.
-Badgola, Splenitis.
-Coir, Fibrous substance surrounding the Cocoanut.
-Daad, Impetigo.
-Dhats, Component parts of the human frame.
-Elaous, Disease of the Intestines. Introsusception.
-Fetuck, Hernia.
-Goor, Unrefined Sugar.
-Juzam, Black Leprosy.
-Jow, Barley.
-Junglie Chuha, The Forest Rat.
-Khoonadeer, Khoonazeer? Lupus, Cancer.
-Kunzeer, Cancer.
-Mootiabin, Total blindness, Gutta Serena.
-Naringee, The Orange.
-Nachoona, Opacity of the Cornea.
-Neela Totha, Sulphate of Copper.
-Nuffsoodum, Hmoptysis.
-Pilau, Poolau, Dish made of meat and rice, seasoned with spices.
-Peshanee, The Forehead.
-Paddy, Rice in the husk.
-Panroque, Cold with Fever, also Jaundice.
-Peendie, A formula for females.
-Paan, A leaf, chewed by the Natives, with Catechu, Betel,
- and Lime.
-Raal, Gum Resin.
-Rajerogue, Carbuncle.
-Soonpat, Loss of sensation in parts of the body.
-Soorkhbad, Erythema.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- THE TALEEF SHEREEF,
- OR
- INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA.
-
- TRANSLATED FROM
- THE ORIGINAL, WITH ADDITIONS.
-
-
-1 Am, Ambe, Anbe.--The Fruit, Mangifera Indica.
-
-The produce of a large tree very common in Hindostan. The fruit is
-about the size of, and very much resembling in shape, a goat's kidney,
-and having the external appearance of an apple. When ripe, it sometimes
-retains the green color, but oftener becomes yellow, or red and yellow.
-
-The virtues ascribed to this tree, are as follows:--The bruised
-leaves and young shoots applied to the hair, expedite its growth,
-and considerably darken its color.
-
-The bark of the trunk of the tree, and of its roots, is cooling and
-astringent; the former powerfully so. The leaves are astringent,
-and promote digestion; their ashes styptic.
-
-The young flowers are cool and drying; have a pleasant aromatic scent,
-and when taken internally, are cooling and astringent; recommended
-for the cure of chronic Gonorrhoea or Gleet, purulent expectoration,
-bilious foulness of the blood and boils. The young unripe fruit has
-much acidity, and is drying; moderately used, it increases all the
-animal secretions, and is beneficial in chronic affections of the
-liver; it promotes appetite, and is lithonthriptic. The fruit, when
-ripe, is sweet, cooling, mucilaginous and heavy, tending to allay
-thirst, and useful in nervous affections; strengthens the system,
-restores impaired appetite, (is said to moderate an increased secretion
-of bile,) and improves the complexion. The fruit is of various sizes,
-from a few drachms to a pound weight; but it is usually met with
-weighing about 4 ounces. It becomes acid about a month after the fall
-of the flower, in which state it is used as preserves, such as jellies,
-pickles, &c.; at this time, too, it is used as seasoning for Pilaus,
-and other dishes; for when the stone or kernel has become hard, it
-is no longer fit for these purposes. When the fruit has attained its
-full growth, and when nearly ripe, it is to be taken from the tree,
-and put into dry grass, straw, or the leaves of the Palass tree, and
-there allowed to become ripe; this process deprives it of all acidity,
-and also prevents the formation of a resinous gum, which it contracts
-when allowed to ripen on the tree, and which renders it too pungent
-to be eaten with relish.
-
-The fruit is in perfection in the hot winds, and when the rains
-commence, it ripens very fast; before the cold weather it is usually
-out of season.
-
-There are some trees that blossom the whole year, and some few that
-even produce fruit; but instances of this are very rare.
-
-There is a variety of this tree on which the fruit is sweet from its
-first formation; this requires to be used early, otherwise it will
-in all probability become a prey to insects.
-
-Some trees produce fruit only once in 4 years. In general, it produces
-fruit in abundance every second year, and less in the alternate year;
-some are even perfectly barren every alternate year.
-
-There is a mode of manuring this tree, which it is said improves
-the flavour of the fruit greatly; this is mixing the juice of its
-fruit with milk, and pouring it over the roots. It is also said to
-be possible to communicate the flavor of any particular fruit to the
-mangoe, by its expressed juice being made use of, as an application
-to the roots of the tree.
-
-The kernel of the mangoe, roasted, is pleasant to the taste, and
-grateful to the stomach; it is much recommended in laxities of the
-bowels, and strengthens the prim vi; water drank after having eat
-of this kernel, seems to possess a flavor peculiarly excellent. The
-usual mode of preparing them, is to allow them to remain exposed to
-the rains, till the shell shall have become decayed; by this process
-it is deprived of any heating or irritating property. Prepared in this
-manner, and kept a short time in lime juice, taken out, bruised and
-mixed with salt, fennel, &c, it is much extolled for strengthening
-the stomach, and promoting digestion.
-
-If preserved for 3 years, pounded, and swallowed to the quantity of a
-tolah, with a little water, no medicine is preferable for strengthening
-bowels habitually lax.
-
-In the acid state, the fruit is very prejudicial to those who have
-any disorders in their teeth, a cough, an affection of the chest, or
-who are subject to cholicky pain in the bowels, but very beneficial
-when used in irritable habits. The best method of using them is
-this. The acid unripe fruit, after the outer rind has been peeled
-off, is to be cut into thin slices, and infused for some hours in
-water; this water so impregnated, is to be drained off, mixed with
-a sufficient proportion of sugar, and used as sherbet. It produces a
-great relish for food, and is in other respects beneficial. The same
-effects are produced by the unripe fruit, being roasted and allowed to
-remain in water, as above mentioned. It is recommended in paralysis,
-from coup de vent. Many physicians have considered the mangoe to be
-of a cooling nature, but, in my opinion, it is heating in all its
-stages. The Yunani physicians have stated the ripe fruit to be hot
-in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree.
-
-Its virtues may be described in a few words. It strengthens the
-system, gives tone to the kidnies, restores impaired appetite, &c. It
-is aperient, improves the complexion, beneficial in piles, an useful
-deobstruent, braces and increases the bulk of the solids, and removes
-nervous affections. In some of these disorders I am inclined to doubt
-of its good effects, but such virtues are attributed to it. It is
-recommended, in order to prevent any bad effects from the fruit in
-its unripe state, that raisins be eaten with it. Hukeem Alwee Khan,
-a man of eminence in his profession in the reign of Mahommed Shah,
-says, that if ever this fruit disagreed with the system, it must have
-been eaten when unripe or green.
-
-I had occasion to attend a gentleman of very high rank, who laboured
-under dropsy; I cured him of the disease, but 3 years afterwards,
-having eaten a large quantity of mangoes, the disease returned,
-and I have observed the same effects in other cases.
-
-Hukeem Alli Mughphoor, physician, states, that influenced by the
-resemblance of the mangoe to the human kidney, he concluded that
-it must be beneficial in that organ, (disorders of;) he therefore
-prescribed it in a case of hectic fever, arising from diseased kidney,
-and completely cured the disease. In this I differ from him entirely;
-he must have mistaken the nature of the complaint, for a remedy given
-expressly for the cure of a disease in the kidney, could not, at the
-same time, have removed the fever, excepting appropriate medicines
-had been administered along with it!!
-
-The best mangoes are those having a thin juice, sweet and free from
-fibres; and they ought to be cooled in water or in ice, especially
-during the hot weather. It is preferable to use the juice of the fruit
-without eating any of the fibrous parts; a neglect of this may produce
-various disorders, such as indigestion, cholicky pains, &c. It is very
-common to eat the expressed juice, mixed with sugar and other things,
-with rice, or with bread, but this is great imprudence; for in the
-most healthy subjects it may produce nausea, and general uneasiness.
-
-Should any ill effects follow the use of the mangoe, milk, or the
-kernel of the fruit, will be found a corrector. My father's opinion
-is, that these are not the only remedies; for if it produces any
-heating effect, curdled milk will give relief, or even cold water,
-or acidulated sherbet, and he himself was always in the habit of
-using the Phalsa sherbet on these occasions.
-
-Should cholic be produced, the Oil of Almonds or other sweet oils,
-will remove the complaint; and a diarrhoea is to be cured by the use of
-the kernel; and a swelling of the abdomen, by milk, in which a little
-ginger has been mixed; or even ginger by itself will have the effect
-
-A substitute for mangoe, as a medicine, may be had in Chobe Cheenee.
-
-In general, it will be adviseable to abstain from the use of the
-mangoe, till 2 or 3 showers of rain have fallen; but those of a
-cold phlegmatic or melancholic temperament do not require to be
-so particular.
-
-Those for whose complaints mangoes have been recommended, have in a
-few months derived great benefit from their use, by eating them with
-camel's milk. There are many kinds of this fruit, and their names
-are as various; but the stronger the scent, the more effectual they
-are as a medicine. In Persian it is called Nugzuck.
-
-2 Aramsheetul.--Pungent and cooling; useful in bilious and catarrhal
-complaints; also recommended in foulness of the blood.
-
-3 Akaholie.--Vermifuge, also recommended in bilious and catarrhal
-disorders, in seminal weakness and gonorrhoea.
-
-4 Adki.--Vide Arhir.
-
-5 Anula. (nasal N.)--Or Amle, (Phyllanthus emblica, W. Murray IV. 127,
-Myrobolans.) The fruit round, like a plum. The tree like that of the
-tamarind, of a pleasant acid, and sweetish astringent taste. It is
-aperient, cooling, and drying; of great use in eruptions of the skin,
-arising from a redundance of bile. Other virtues ascribed to this
-fruit may be found in all Yunani works. It is also called Bidjee and
-Dhatri Phill, used by the natives for cleansing the hair.
-
-6 Aru.--A variety of plum, much resembling the common sort, both in
-the tree and fruit; it however possesses more acidity, and is less
-easy of digestion.
-
-7 Abi.--Pyrus Cidonia. The Quince; slightly astringent, and cool in
-a great degree; heavy and difficult of digestion, yet it is gently
-laxative and expectorant, and is recommended for strengthening the
-powers of virility. In Arabic Siffirjill, Persian Behi.
-
-8 Aak.--Arug, Mudar, Asclepias gigantea. A milky shrub, very common
-all over India; its pod resembles a mangoe, but rather longer in
-proportion: when ripe it breaks, and is found filled with a white
-substance, resembling silk, to which the seeds are fixed. The leaves
-of the plant resemble the Dak, but are somewhat smaller: its height is
-generally from 1 to 1 1/2 yard; when its leaves or stalk are broken,
-a white milky liquid exudes. There are two kinds, white and red;
-both are purgatives, violently so. It is said to be beneficial in
-the following disorders. Foulness of the blood, bilious affections,
-Juzam, Psora, Zrbad, boils, cuticular eruptions, diseases of the
-liver, visceral obstructions, hmorrhoids, all internal diseases,
-dropsy and worms.
-
-("Many and wonderful virtues are ascribed to this plant; but I must
-refer those who have faith in charms to the original Taleef Shereef,
-when their curiosity will be amply gratified." Translator.)
-
-All the above virtues have been ascribed to this plant; my opinion
-is, that the application of the leaves is useful in swellings,
-promotes suppuration in indolent tumors, and cures eruptions on the
-skin. The milk blisters, and if applied to the eye, it produces
-swelling, itchiness, and loss of vision. The powder of the root,
-mixed with goat's blood and fresh butter, and applied to the eye,
-is said materially to strengthen vision. In other works it is said,
-that the milk of every variety of this plant is poisonous, and
-violently cathartic.
-
-9 Aal.--Vide Mujeet, Rubia, Madder, a wood used for dyeing a red
-color, and forming a principal article of commerce in some parts of
-India. In the "Dhara Shakoi" it is called Mujeet, but I suspect that
-they are different plants, as the Mujeet is thin, and of a fine red
-color; whereas the Aal is blackish, with a tinge of yellow, though
-not thicker than the other.
-
-10 Aditt Bagut.--In Persian, Aftab Perust, Helianthus Annuus. The
-sun-flower; the name of a flower called also Soorujmookee. The
-stem grows straight about a man's height; the leaves are broad and
-triangular, the flower circular, flat and yellow, with serrated edges,
-and it is said to follow the sun in his diurnal progress. There are
-two kinds, a small and greater; their medical properties the same;
-they are bitter to the taste, and heating in a considerable degree. It
-is beneficial in cholicks, dropsical affections, foulness of stomach,
-and rheumatism; it also improves appetite, and promotes expectoration
-in cases of cold, accompanied by fever.
-
-11 Area.--A culinary fruit resembling the cucumber, and grows in
-the rainy season; it is so cooling that it produces pains all over
-the body; it is moreover difficult of digestion, and if taken in any
-quantity produces fever.
-
-12 Anwul (Nasal).--A large tree very common in India, which when
-in flower, has a very beautiful appearance; its flowers are yellow,
-resembling those of the Cassia. There are two kinds of this, one called
-Mahedi Anwul. Of this also there are two varieties. It is cooling, and
-the medicinal properties of all varieties are the same. It is used with
-good effect in bilious vomitings, and also in leprous affections of the
-skin. It is recommended in weakness of the eyes, asthma, affections
-of the chest, and foulness of blood. It strengthens the weak and
-emaciated, and braces the solids when relaxed by disease or otherwise.
-
-13 Aruk.--This name is indiscriminately given to four different kinds
-of trees; Nowa, Cutel, Burhil and Taar.
-
-14 Aloo (Bochara).--A kind of plum.
-
-15 Abnoos (Ebony).--A large tree, producing a sweet fruit like
-grapes. Its leaves resemble those of the Sinobir, but are somewhat
-broader: it is an evergreen, and its wood is, when good and full-grown,
-dark-colored and durable; its leaves are smooth and glassy; its
-properties said to be very active and deleterious; it is heating in
-a considerable degree, and is said to be lithonthriptic. It dispels
-flatulency, and cures tympanites. It is recommended in chronic
-affections of the liver. Filings or raspings of the wood are styptic,
-and its charcoal more so; a decoction of the wood, in spirits, is very
-effectual in discussing scrophulous tumours, when externally applied.
-
-The raspings of the wood, mixed with whites of eggs, is an excellent
-application to scalds and burns; they are also famed for cleaning
-deep foul ulcers, and inducing the growth of healthy granulation.
-
-Taken internally, the dose is 10 1/2 Mashas, and should it disagree
-with the stomach, which it often does, honey, or Gum Arabic, with
-sweet basil, are correctors. The large Baer Tree, (Konar), is a good
-substitute for the Abnoos; quality, hot 3, dry 2. Persian Awnoos.
-
-16 Anbihildee.--Curcuma zedoaria, (Rox.) Amomum Zed. Wildenow. An
-Indian root, hot and dry in the 2d degree; useful in herpes, and
-foulness of the blood, and much esteemed as an external application
-in wounds and bruises, for which it is also internally exhibited:
-orange juice used as a vehicle, corrects, in some degree, its heating
-quality; or if this be not procurable, Bapahic, or the seed of the
-Penwur, or Turmeric, will have the same effect; the medicine may be
-given to the quantity of 3 1/2 Masha.
-
-17 Apurjeeta.--Clitoria ternatea, Crow's beak, a twining shrub. The
-natives call it Kowwa Thontee, which literally signifies crow's
-beak, also Neelisbund; the plant is about a foot and a half high,
-and sometimes less, resembling the Cungheiy, only the leaves of the
-latter are smooth and polished, while those of the former are rough and
-hard; both the Apurjeeta and the variety Neelisbund, are cooling. It is
-beneficial in weakness of sight, in clearing the voice and soreness of
-the throat, and is useful in the poisonous bites of leeches. It is also
-of use in rheumatic affections of the joints, Juzam, bilious disorders,
-mucous discharge from the lungs or bowels; it allays general heat,
-and is said to be an antidote to certain poisonous substances, and
-of great efficacy in hard indolent tumours, and affections of the skin.
-
-18 Abruc.--Talc, A fossil substance, beneficial in seminal weakness,
-redundance of bile, mucus, &c. An antidote to poison. The physicians
-of Hindostan prepare it for use by calcination. Arabic, Tulk.
-
-19 Abhea.--A name for Hurr; it also signifies the water of life,
-and a medicine called Guloe.
-
-20 Aotungun.--A very common seed, resembling coriander. In powder
-it is recommended as giving strength to the system, and rendering
-Aphrodisie more permanent. It is a very favorite medicine in India. It
-is, moreover, useful in Nephritia and liver complaints, and it is very
-innocent in its operation. Some physicians describe it as hot and dry,
-in a considerable degree, and disagreeing with the stomach; they,
-therefore, recommend it to be taken with a proportion of sugar. In
-all its properties the Maadentezerrubad states the Bonphilly to be
-nearly the same; dose 4 1/4 Mashas.
-
-21 Atees.--The root. Of this there are two kinds, a white and black,
-and both are very common. The white kind resembles the Jedwaar; the
-root is very irregular in thickness. It frequently is found resembling
-the white Bahmen. Both kinds are bitter, astringent, pungent, and
-heating; aiding digestion, useful in dysentery, vomiting, and piles.
-
-22 Adjmode.--Bishop's Weed, Sisson Ammi, (Linn.) Amoos, (Arab.) Ajooan,
-(Hind.) Nemkha, P. Ajamodum, S. A hot seed, stomachic cordial and
-stimulant. (Ajmood, Parsley? Taylor. Apium Involucratum.) Apium
-Involucratum, Rox. M. S. "Sp. Ch. Annual, glaucous, villous, superior
-leaflets filiform, both general and partial, involucra, about 6
-leaved." Bitter and pungent, light and heating, increases appetite,
-induces costiveness, and strengthens the vital energy; increases
-the seminal secretion, and removes pains and other disorders,
-the consequence of colds; beneficial in nausea, is vermifuge,
-relieves hiccup, and is useful in Dysuria, but it produces heat in
-the abdomen. It is called Curufs, but it is only a variety of this,
-and is something betwixt that and Aniseed, though this may be owing
-to the difference of cultivation.
-
-23 Adjwain.--"Anise Seed. In Arabic, Aneesoon. Pimpinella Anisum, Linn.
-
-"Ujwain. The seed of a plant of the Dill kind, Taylor. Ligusticum
-Adjwaen, Roxb. Sp. Ch. annual, erect, leaves super de compound,
-with filiform leaflets, ridges and furrows of the seeds distinct
-and scabrous. This is what is recommended to notice by Dr. Percival,
-under the name Ajava seed."
-
-A species of the above, of which there are two kinds, one of which is
-called Juhar; both are bitter, pungent, and aromatic; it resembles the
-Ajmode, but is smaller, and has a strong aromatic scent. It assists
-digestion, improves appetite, is useful in rheumatism and catarrhal
-affections; is vermifuge, beneficial in dropsy, dispels flatulence,
-and is highly extolled in flatulent cholic. A. Nanchoa.
-
-
-24 Adjwain. 25 Khorasanee. "Hyosciamus niger, Linn. Black
-Henbane. Narcotic. Corrector, Vinegar."
-
-This plant grows thick from the root, and is covered with a hairy
-down. The seeds are contained within a hard thick shell, and the
-leaves are like those of the pomegranate flower. The pod is filled
-with seeds of a small irregular shape. There is a plant called Hulbeh,
-which resembles this, but is smaller. A. Buzurulbunje.
-
-26 Adjan.--Or Adjain, a large tree, with wide spreading branches,
-in size approaching that of the mangoe; its leaves growing close,
-and also resembling those of the mangoe tree, but longer and thinner;
-the fruit is about 1 1/2 foot long, and very thin.
-
-27 Akhroat.--"The Walnut, Juglans regia, Linn." This is a native
-of hilly countries; its leaves are like the Terpat; the fruit is
-sweet to the taste, heating, and heavy; it loosens the bowels, and
-restores strength; it is useful in rheumatic affections, increases
-mental energy and the powers of manhood, and gives relief in flying
-pains in the stomach. A. Jouz.
-
-28 Andaluck.--A kind of grain.
-
-29 Aderuck.--"Ginger, Amomum zinziber, Linn. Amomum zinziber,
-Wild. Adraca, S. Sonth (dried root,) H. Sunthi, S." A very common root,
-the stem of which is knotty, and from every knot, a leaf is produced;
-it is hot and heavy; promotes digestion if eaten before meals, mixed
-with Lahore salt, (rock salt;) it prevents flatulent swellings in
-the stomach and bowels. P. Zinzibeel tur. It is much extolled as a
-stomachic when prepared as sweetmeats; but if the syrup be allowed to
-dry, it spoils, becomes less grateful to the taste, and its heating
-quality is much increased.
-
-30 Arnee.--The name of a tree, in height that of the Peach tree, but
-it is full of branches from the root upwards, and the leaves are like
-those of the Sumhaloo; it is heating, and beneficial in rheumatic
-complaints and swellings from cold. In the Dhintri it is described
-as oleaginous and heavy; effectual in Jaundice, increasing appetite,
-loosening the bowels, and removing flatulence.
-
-31 Arhir or Toor.--"Cytisus cajan." Some consider these as distinct
-species, but in my opinion Toor is only Arhir in an overgrown
-state. The plant grows to the height of a yard and half; and the
-taste of the pea of the Arhir is preferable to that of the Toor. Toor
-is sown and cut down at the same time as the sugar-cane; whereas the
-Arhir is sown, and cut with the barley. The pod of the Toor is larger
-than that of the Arhir; and the former has an unpleasant smell, which
-is wanting in the latter; they are both used very commonly as food,
-all over India. It is in its properties cool and dry, and produces
-costiveness; it is useful in bilious and catarrhal disorders,
-and in foulness of the blood. It is even said to be an antidote
-to poisons. In its taste it is sweet, like that of the Cassela. I
-conceive it hot in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree, and recommend it
-for strengthening the stomach. When used as food it is heavy; but is
-beneficial in complaints having their origin in cold. If twice scalded
-in hot water, before it is boiled, it will cause less thirst; and if
-boiled in milk, or whey, it becomes less heating. A decoction of the
-leaves is recommended as a wash for the mouth, in cases of toothache,
-and diseases of the teeth. P. Shakool.
-
-32 Aord, or Aort, or Mash..--vide M. (Phaseolus Max.)
-
-33 Arne'.--The wild buffaloe. Its flesh recommended in
-Marasmus. P. Gowmeche Serhaie.
-
-34 Arnd.--"The Castor, Ricinus communis, W. Palma Christi." Wildenow
-says, "Planta semper annua, nunquam fructicosa vel arborea, nec in
-calidissimis terr plagis liguescit." But this is incorrect; for the
-plant is perennial, and becomes a moderate sized tree. The natives,
-however, have a prejudice against allowing it to grow beyond 3 or
-4 years, and even this is only in solitary places. The chief reason
-I fancy is, that it interferes with the cultivation of the soil, if
-permitted to remain. They usually sow it with grain, and reap the grain
-crop before it has attained its full height; this they can do annually,
-but seed sown under its shelter the second year, would not succeed.
-
-A shrub, with broad soft leaves, like the fig tree; it grows about 6
-or 8 feet in height; the root is hollow, and without flaw or wrinkle;
-the seed grows in bunches like grapes, and the shell of the pod,
-which resembles gall-nuts, is covered with soft prickles. The seed is
-like the coffee bean, and is stained with different colored spots,
-so as to appear like marbled paper; the kernel is white, soft, and
-oleaginous. There are two kinds of this; one with a red, the other
-with a green pod; the former is culled Jongia Arnde; both varieties
-are sweet, heating, and heavy. The oil of the kernel is useful in
-removing obstinate constrictions of the intestines, when given warm;
-also in flatulency; rheumatic swellings of the joints and lumbago;
-in strangury, spasms in the urinary bladder, headaches, dropsy, and
-feverish complaints. It is also recommended as an expectorant in
-difficulty of breathing, and in cough; in affections of the skin,
-and in superabundance of mucus in the intestines. It is a warm,
-stimulating purgative; the dose one or two table spoonsful. Both
-my father, uncle, and I, have used it with great success, in cases
-of obstinate cholic from costiveness. They also used the leaves
-moistened with ghee, as an external application in rheumatic pains
-and swellings. If the seeds are bruised, and mixed with curdled milk,
-and allowed to remain in this state till they become putrid, they form
-an excellent application for the cure of itch, and usually succeed
-in 7 or 8 days. It has also been said, that if one of the kernels
-be taken at first, and daily increased by one, till 100 are taken,
-and then decreased in the same gradual manner, it will cure Juzam,
-and other kinds of Leprosy.
-
-35 Arusa.--A name for the Baan Tree; vide Bansa. In the
-Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described:--Arusa is a medicine of
-Hindoostan, hot and moist, or in the opinion of some writers,
-cool and moist, in the 2d degree: half an ounce of the juice,
-with as much honey, is a cure for hoarseness, or loss of voice;
-and used with the fruit of the Peepul tree, it increases appetite,
-and corrects mucous discharges. A decoction of the leaves in water,
-is useful in Jaundice, difficulty of breathing, Gonorrhoea, and hectic
-fever. As a gargle it strengthens the gums; and the leaves bruised,
-and taken in honey or water, cure Epistaxis, Hoematemesis, Nausea,
-Vertigo, and Suppression of the menses.
-
-36 Arjun.--A tree, also the fruit; hot and astringent; useful in
-bilious affections, and in prostration of strength from fatigue, and an
-antidote to poisons. Its use is interdicted in disorders arising from
-cold; also in ulcers: but externally applied it cleanseth foul sores,
-and promotes healthy granulation. It prolongs Aphrodisia, strengthens
-the system, and expedites the union of divided parts. Some physicians
-call it cooling. Pentaptera Arjuna.
-
-37 Arloo, Catoombura, or Sheunag,.--The name of a tree, a native
-of the hills; it is pungent, beneficial in loosening phlegm, and
-promoting appetite; it produces costiveness, and is vermifuge, and
-recommended in Juzam. It is an ingredient in the Dusmool.
-
-38 Arvie, or Arum Colocasia,.--A root and seed. It is about 3 inches
-long, more or less, and when the outer rind is removed it is white. Its
-stem is about 3 feet in height; its leaves large like a shield,
-with the points reflected; in consistence and polish it is like
-the plaintain leaf. It is also called Cutchaloo, but the different
-names are only applied with propriety to different parts of the same
-root; the Cutchaloo being more like a Byngun or Egg-plant. They are
-both in general use in India. The Arvie is dressed with meat, and
-the Cutchaloo is roasted; the leaves and shoots are also commonly
-eaten. Its properties, I can declare from experience, are in a small
-degree cool; and it is useful in giving strength to the system;
-prevents the involuntary emission of semen; it produces wind, and is
-heavy and hurtful to the throat Its corrector is acids, and being
-repeatedly washed in water. The Cutchaloo is the most powerful,
-and the most hurtful of the two kinds. A. Culdass, at least it is
-so stated; but in the Yunani works, there is a material difference;
-as the Culdass is described, therefore, it is doubtful to me whether
-they are one and the same.
-
-39 Armeede,.--A kind of cucumber.
-
-40 Aorde Gunta.--A kind of Satawur.
-
-41 Aistullkund.--The name of a root; also called Girmkund; also a
-variety of the medicine Maankund: it promotes phlegm, and corrects
-bile and wind; it is also useful in foulness of the blood and general
-swellings. The other kind is useful in foulness of blood, and in
-bilious affections; it is sweet, cool, and heavy. It is likewise
-called Istolkund.
-
-42 Asperuck.--A name for Aklel ul Mulk.
-
-43 Asgund.--Physalis flexuosa. A very common white root, also
-called Asgund'h, about half a yard long, like the sweet potatoe,
-(Convolvulus batatas.) When thin and dry, it resembles the Shkkul
-mysrie, (carrot;) its leaves are very like those of the kuth, (Mimosa
-catechu,) but rather less. It grows about a yard along the ground; its
-taste is astringent and bitter; it is hot, and strengthens the powers
-of virility; removes bilious and mucous affections; is beneficial in
-general swellings, and white leprosy.
-
-Some give this name to the Kaknej, or Winter Cherry. In the
-Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described. Asgund is a medicine of
-Hindoostan; the best sort of which is procurable at Nagour. It is hot
-and dry in the 1st degree. The people of India use in its stead, the
-Soorinjan, (the Hermodactylus.) It is especially beneficial in pains of
-the joints. The root, when arrived at perfection, has a strong scent of
-the horse; from which circumstance it has in India, derived its name;
-Asp, signifying the horse, and Gund, smell: it is also called Bajecund.
-
-If 3 drachms of the root be boiled in 2 pounds of cow's milk, and 1
-ounce of sugar mixed with it, and this taken for 14 days, it increases
-peculiar secretions, and improves the complexion.
-
-44 Asphill.--Padmunie, a variety of Kunwul. The Lotus, (Nympha
-Nelumbo,) which is produced on dry land. It is sweet, bitterish,
-and cool; is useful in vomiting, Diarrhoea, and foulness of the blood.
-
-45 Astull.--Buntki, a name for Buratha; it means a large Byngun,
-or Egg-fruit; the plant being the same.
-
-46 Aspurka.--Cool and light; promotes peculiar secretions, and
-is useful in various disorders: it removes offensive exhalations;
-moderates profuse sweats; is beneficial in dropsy; restores strength;
-cures emaciation; and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-47 Aoshire.--Kuss kuss. Ooseer? Andropogon muricatum, Koenig. A
-name for Kuss kuss. In the Dara Shekoi, it is called Aosire, and is
-described as the root of the grass kuss, with which houses are made
-cool in the hot weather. It is cool, and assists digestion, cures
-laxity of the bowels, and is useful in bilious affections, foulness
-of blood, and superabundance of mucus; allays thirst, is a grateful
-application to blistered parts, or where much heat is experienced;
-beneficial in difficulty of voiding urine, in boils and eruptions,
-and prolongs aphrodisia.
-
-48 Asteghoon.--An article of food, made by mixing one part of Moong,
-with two parts of rice, boiling them together, and pouring off the
-water, with which is to be mixed rock salt, assafoetida, coriander,
-ginger, and peepul. This is an excellent drink in fevers, in bilious
-affections, and foulness of the blood; it increases appetite, and
-clears, and gives tone to the kidnies and bladder.
-
-49 Apheem.--(Papaver somniferum.) Of this there are four kinds;
-the 1st, which is white, is called Chaarun, (promoting digestion;)
-the 2d, Maarun, is black; the 3d yellow, and the 4th, of all these
-colours mixed, called Saarun. Its properties are well known, and
-fully detailed in all Yunani works on medicine.
-
-50 Aginmunt.--Agwunt. Names of Arnee; q. vide.
-
-51 Agust.--(schynomene Grandiflora.) A tree, cool and dry, producing
-flatulence, curing bile, foulness of blood, and mucus; also fever. Its
-flowers beneficial in improving the sense of smelling, and in night
-blindness.
-
-52 Akroat.--Vide Akhroat.
-
-53 Akirkirra.--or Akirkirrh, (Dranculus.) In Yunani works called
-discutient and alternant.
-
-"Anthemis Pyrethrum, Linn. Pelletory of Spain, Ainslie. Off. The
-Root. Pyrethre, (F.) Eaher Wustrell, (G.) Akkrcrum, (Tam.) Powerful
-stimulant, useful as a sialagogue, to excite an increased flow of
-saliva; hence useful in headache, rheumatism of the face, toothache,
-in paralysis of the tongue and muscles of the throat."
-
-54 Agur.--Dry and light, useful in affections of the eyes; it also
-promotes the secretion of bile. A. Oodh.
-
-55 Agunie Char.--Pungent and very hot. In rheumatic affections of
-the chest, Soonpat from mucus, and rheumatic pains in the joints,
-it is highly beneficial. This medicine is the produce of the western
-provinces of India; and the best kind is red, and feels hot to the
-touch; it is found by the sides of rivers.
-
-56 Akasbele.--Cuscuta reflexa, a name for Afteemoon, (Dodder of Thyme.)
-
-57 Alsi.--"Linum Usitatissimum, W. Atasi, S. Tesi, H. Emollient
-and demulcent." Grows about 1 1/2 foot high; its leaves are
-thin, and its flower of the color of Lapis lazuli. In India it is
-supposed to decrease the secretion of semen, and to weaken sight;
-it is hot, and said to be discutient; it is useful in phlegm from
-cold. A. Buzzrkatan.
-
-58 Aoloo.--The owl. Those who eat its flesh may expect to be deprived
-of all reasoning faculties, with loss of memory. It produces much wind,
-and is called in Persian, Boom.
-
-The women of India frequently give it to their husbands, that by the
-mental weakness it produces, they may obtain more liberty of conduct
-than might otherwise be agreeable.
-
-59 Alaechee.--A. Kakla. "Amomum Cardamomum, Wild. Amomum Repens,
-Wood, vol. II. p. 356." It is of two kinds, and very common. The
-tree is very large, its leaves resemble those of the sugar cane, of
-the length of a man; it is very fragrant, and both kinds are nearly
-alike in properties. The physicians of India call it moderately cool,
-aromatic, and bitter; and that it is useful in bilious affections,
-rheumatic complaints, and superabundance of mucus; it is likewise
-said to decrease Aphrodisia, and to be prejudicial in affections of
-the chest The large kind possesses all these properties in a greater
-degree than the small; "the latter is called the Guzerattee Alaechee."
-
-60 Alta.--A name for the Lac colour.
-
-61 Amulbedh.--Called also Amulbenth, a very acid fruit of India;
-the tree much resembles the lime tree, but is rather larger. It is so
-very acid, that it will, in a few minutes, dissolve a needle, or small
-shell. It is light and aperient; improves decayed appetite; is cardiac;
-removes visceral obstructions, and increases all the secretions. I
-have been accustomed to take out part of the pulp of the fruit,
-and to fill the empty space with such medicines as assist digestion,
-and correct disorders of the digestive organs, in a pounded state,
-and allowing the fruit, thus medicated, to dry, and using it under
-the title of Amulbedh. It is brought in quantities from Jeynugger,
-and Ruttunboil. A spurious sort of this is made from the large lemon,
-and sold in its stead. I have found it useful in promoting digestion,
-giving relief in rheumatism, and as an aperient (Amul means acid.)
-
-62 Amulchangerie.--An acid fruit, from a plant of India, called
-Changerie, much resembling the In-ubassaleb, (Nightshade,) and grows
-about 8 inches high, or more, and is about as much expanded. Its
-properties are hot, light, and stomachic; it promotes digestion, and
-is beneficial in Piles and Juzam; it cures laxities of the bowels,
-and decreases all the secretions, except bile.
-
-63 Amlie.--Tamarindus Indicus. A large tree; the fruit and leaves off
-it are very small, growing from both sides of a centre stem; they close
-up at night, and are expanded during the day. The fruit resembles a
-bean-pod, bent in the centre, and usually less than 8 inches in length;
-it bends so as to assume the figure of a semi-circle, but often not so
-much. The Author of the Book Tophut-ul-Momeneen, describes the tree as
-resembling the Pomegranate tree; but I suspect he had never seen it. It
-is acid and heavy, removes flatulence, but increases bile and blood.
-
-When ripe, it is laxative, promotes appetite, and is beneficial
-in oppression after meals. It is dry, light, cardiac, and restores
-prostration of strength from fatigue. It removes nausea, giddiness,
-thirst, and general heat. Sherbet prepared from it, should it agree
-with the stomach, is preferable to any other, and prevents the noxious
-influence of the hot winds on the system. The kind which is red, ought
-to be chosen for preserves, and it possesses all the properties of
-the fresh fruit. The flowers of the tamarind eat with meat, increase
-its flavor; they also prevent accumulation of bile, are aperient,
-and increase appetite; but they are improper when acidity prevails
-in the stomach.
-
-64 Amrutphull.--A name given to the sweet lime. Vide Rajeneemb.
-
-65 Ambarae.--A fruit, the produce of the hills, large and acid.
-
-66 Amarbele.--A name for Afteemoon (Dodder Thyme.)
-
-67 Amroude.--(Guava.) An Indian fruit resembling the pear. It is full
-of small seeds, and is of an unpleasant smell; its tree resembles the
-mulberry, but is smaller; the leaves are like the leaf of the mangoe,
-green, with a tinge of red, and the veins of the leaf are strongly
-marked. The fruit is pendant, and its shape pyramidal. It is also
-called Suffryam, "Psidium pyriferum." It strengthens the stomach,
-produces costiveness, and is astringent. I have given it with good
-effect in laxities of the bowels.
-
-68 Amratuck.--The name of a culinary vegetable.
-
-69 Amultas.--Called also Kurwara. "Cassia Fistula, W. Sauvernaca,
-S. Casse, F. Rohnkassie, G. The pulp of its fruit laxative." Its
-flowers are dressed, and eaten with meat; and it has the virtue of
-giving it additional flavor, and loosening the bowels.
-
-70 Ananass.--Called also Kutel Sufrie, (The Pineapple,) for this
-reason, that if the plant is carried along with a person proceeding on
-a journey, it will produce fruit. It is about the size of the large
-lime, called Turunje; its color yellow, tinged with red; its surface
-is irregular, and covered with small prickles; its smell like that of
-the mangoe, and very pleasant; the whole plant, including the fruit,
-is about a yard in height; the leaves have serrated edges, and the
-fruit grows perpendicular. On the top of the stem there is a bunch
-of leaves growing from the top of the fruit, which if broken off,
-and planted, is reproductive. It bears fruit only once, and only one
-fruit at a time. I have not seen its properties noticed in any work,
-but the people of India call it cooling. It was first described by
-Abul Fuzul, in the Ayen Akberry; and this was afterwards copied by the
-Author of the Dhara Shekoih, from which others have copied it. Part
-of this description I have copied, and from my own observation have
-added the remainder. In my opinion it is hot in a small degree, and
-moist in the 2d degree. Its use is grateful to the system, and it gives
-strength to the intellectual powers, also tone to the stomach. It is
-injurious to the throat, to the solids, to respiration, and to the
-intestines; but its corrector is sugar, and if it be sliced, put in
-rose water to which sugar is added, and allowed to stand for some time,
-its beneficial properties are increased, while its injurious qualities
-are prevented or corrected. A preserve made from it, is excellent, and
-is used with stews and Pilau, as giving them great additional relish.
-
-72 Ambeloona.--A fruit of Hindoostan, acid and astringent, cool and
-producing costiveness, beneficial in mucus and bile; also in carbuncle,
-and other tumors and affections of the throat.
-
-73 Ambegool or Angool, or Ambegooda; called also Inderain Soorkh. (Vide
-the next article.) A plant whose taste is bitter and astringent;
-it is hot and moist, light and purgative, beneficial in flatulence,
-mucus, and general swellings. It is vermifuge, and removes pains
-in the bowels. It is an antidote to poisons, and removes disorders
-produced by indigestion. The fruit of the plant is sweet and cool,
-heavy and purgative, useful in affections from wind, bile, and
-disorders of the blood; it removes general heat, and is beneficial in
-Marasmus. It decreases the seminal secretion, increases mucus, and
-strengthens the system. Nourdi Mahommed says, that in the epidemic
-carbuncle which affects the armpit or throat, this fruit is given
-with more success than any other medicine; and that one fruit given
-internally, and another applied to the part, will cure the disease,
-should there be any stamina remaining in the system. He also says,
-that if ten pounds of this fruit be steeped for a week in Anula
-water, taken out and dried, put into a mill, and the oil expressed,
-and this oil introduced into the nose for 8 days successively, white
-hair will become black. He writes much more respecting its virtues;
-but as I have had no experience of them, and cannot vouch for the
-effect, I forbear to transcribe them.
-
-74 Inderain.--"Cucumis Colocynthus. Wild Gourd. Bitter cucumber. It is
-said by Thunberg to be rendered so perfectly mild, by being pickled,
-as to be used as food at the Cape of Good Hope." The fruit of a plant
-like the small melon, and very bitter; the plant too resembles that
-of the melon, and in Persian it is called the bitter melon. There
-are two kinds of this, one I have already described under the head
-of the preceding article. Both are bitter, powerful, hot, light, and
-purgative; a cure for Jaundice, useful in bilious and mucous affection,
-diseases of the spleen, dropsy and fever: they are also vermifuge.
-
-In menstrual suppression the following is said to be effectual.
-
-Of the root of Inderain Soorkh 1 pice weight, pepper 14 grains in
-number; bruise, and give in water: effectual in two or three days.
-
-Also the following is used by the natives; bitter Toombric seed,
-Jawakhar, Goor, Mynphill, in equal parts, mixed with the milk of the
-prickly pear, and formed into a tent; applied to the Os Uteri for 3
-days, it will produce fever.
-
-75 Anderjow.--"Nerium Anti-dysentericum, Echites Anti-dysenterica,
-(Roxb. MS.) Curaya, H. Cutaja, S." A large tree, with leaves like the
-almond tree; it produces a fruit long and broad, which grow separate
-from each other. The fruit contains a number of seeds, rather longer
-than those of the melon, and resembling a bird's tongue. The pulp
-of the fruit is of a yellowish white, but the seeds are red. Its
-properties are bitter, pungent, cool, and astringent. It cures
-flatulence, bile, and fever, is vermifuge, and is useful in piles,
-and beneficial in that kind of carbuncle the matter of which is
-infectious: there are two kinds of this, a bitter and a sweet sort:
-of these, the bitter is to be preferred. In Hemorrhoids, where much
-blood is discharged, if taken in the quantity of half a tolah daily,
-in cold water, for eight days, the cure will be accomplished. The bark
-of the tree, taken in cold water, will remove laxities of the bowels.
-
-76 Anar.--A name for Darim, q. vide. "Punica Granatum."
-
-77 Aunalie.--A name for Shakakool, (Wild Carrot.)
-
-78 Ambaray.--or Ambara, a vegetable used by the poorer classes,
-resembling Sunn (hemp.) When young, it is hot, heavy, and promotes
-appetite; it is useful in flatulence, and loosens the belly: when
-ripe it is sweet and cool, and increases seminal secretion. In the
-Dunterie it is written, that it is oleaginous and astringent.
-
-79 Ankaloon.--The name of a salt called also Oodoobudh. Vide Loon.
-
-80 Anbertasung.--A name for Sungbusserie.
-
-81 Angud.--The name for Hungoot, q. vide.
-
-82 Anjeer.--Ficus Carica. The Fig. A common fruit. Its virtues are
-fully pointed out in Persian works. Another variety, called Anjeer
-Deshtee, (Adam's fig,) Keonberrie. Some writers call the fig hot,
-others describe it as cool, like the Goolur.
-
-83 Aaont.--The Camel. The flesh is sweet to the taste, and light;
-it increases the strength of vision and dispels flatulence, kills
-larv in the stomach, useful in piles, and increases bile and mucus:
-in P. Shootur.
-
-84 Aoode Belao.--Lutre Lutreola, (Shaw.) The Otter? An animal, named
-also Kunduss, called in P. Saqeabi. Its scrotum is called Jeunel
-bedesther. Its properties fully related in all Yunani publications.
-
-85 Aoont Kutara.--A prickly shrub, about a yard high; both leaves and
-branches are full of prickles, and its flowers are yellow; its fruit
-round, and also full of prickles. It is bitter and pungent, useful
-in phlegm and cough, also wind; increases bile, and is diuretic;
-it promotes digestion, and increases the strength of the system. If
-the fresh root be cut into small pieces, and the oil extracted from
-it by heat, and this oil to the quantity of one masha, rubbed over a
-plaintain leaf, and externally applied, it will increase Aphrodisia,
-and lengthen its duration. This oil, applied to the parts, will restore
-strength. Its application will also remove an offensive effluvia from
-the axill. Echinops Echinatus, (Roxb.)
-
-86 Aoonk.--A plant, a yard or more in height, whose leaves are about 2
-inches in breadth, and hard like the leaves of the Mocao; its flower
-is prickly, and its seed very small, even smaller than the Powar,
-which it resembles. There are two kind: the branches of one red,
-the other white; both bitter, and promoters of digestion, decreasing
-mucus and wind, removing flatulent swellings in the stomach or bowels,
-and pains therein; useful in piles and Psora.
-
-87 Ahmlee.--Called also Buzuroolreshad.
-
-88 Aegoor.--Powerfully astringent and bitter, easy of
-digestion, beneficial in disorders of blood, bile, mucus, and
-also in Juzam, an antidote to poison, and strengthening eye
-sight. P. Shingirff. (Cinnabar?)
-
-89 Aechill.--The name of a reed.
-
-90 Aent.--(Brick.) In P. Khysht. When the seminal secretion is too
-thin, this is given with success; the older kind is preferred in
-medicine. In the Tophutul Momeneen and other works, its virtues
-are described.
-
-91 Padill.--Sometimes called Patill, and another kind denominated
-Kashta Padill or Kut Padill. Of this also there is another kind,
-but as the properties of all are the same, I have not particularly
-distinguished them from each other. It is the flower of an Indian tree,
-which in size is equal to the Mangoe or Jamin, its pod is 1 1/2 feet
-long, and 4 fingers in breadth, formed of different layers, and lined
-with a soft cottony substance. The seed resembles that of the Seriss
-tree, and its taste is astringent, sweet, and its properties mixed,
-cool and hot. It is beneficial in swellings of a general nature, in
-foulness of the blood, in difficulty of breathing, in thirst, nausea,
-and loss of appetite. Its flowers correct all the natural secretions,
-and remove bilious laxity of the bowels, and heartburn. The pod
-relieves hiccup, and corrects bilious and mucous secretions; some
-have described its properties as cool, and the Dhuntri recommends
-the first kind, as the one to be preferred for internal use.
-
-92 Pa.--Sulphur Zinci, a name for Zaje Suffed. It resembles the
-Shibbi Yemani, but of a more yellow tinge, and less transparent,
-but its pungency and astringency greater; placed in the fire it
-becomes sublimed; its nature hot and dry. If a cloth is wetted with
-its solution, and allowed to dry, and then placed in the vagina,
-it dries the part, and lessens its diameter.
-
-93 Beekhbans or Beedjbans.--A kind of green bamboo, shot as arrows
-by the Nepaulese, and which poison the wound they inflict.
-
-94 Bansa.--Called also Pibansa. Some say that it is the name of the
-Baadawurd tree; however this may be, it is the name of a very common
-tree, found in plains and waste places; it grows about the height of
-a man, more or less; has spreading branches, which grow out of its
-stem even to the root: its leaves are thin, small, and pointed, when
-the tree is young; but they increase in size as the tree grows, and
-become like those of the Jamin. Its flowers are white, with prickles
-on their stalk. The other kind called Pia Bansa has colored flowers.
-
-It increases wind, and clears the throat; it removes disorders of
-bile, mucus, or blood, cough, difficulty of breathing, nausea, fever,
-seminal weakness, juzam, and marasmus. A tooth-brush made of its wood,
-materially strengthens the gums and teeth, and of this many have had
-experience. It strengthens the system, darkens the color of the hair,
-cures the itch, and is an antidote to poison. In its nature it is hot,
-and is useful in eruptions of the skin and leprosy.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, that with the yellow flowers, is called
-Pia Bansa, and the tree is said to be about a yard high, with long
-leaves, hot, cool, and dry in an equal degree; a decoction of the
-root is beneficial as a gargle in toothache, or with the addition of
-the leaves, as a gargle in ptyalism.
-
-95 Baluka.--Cucumis Madraspatanus. A species of Kitcherie; it is
-also called Kootoombur. Phoont is likewise a variety of this, and
-is in Persian named Dustoombay. When unripe, its taste is sweet;
-it is cool, and heavy, removes eruptions of the skin from bile,
-and when ripe, it is hot, light, aperient, creating appetite, and bile.
-
-96 Palewut.--Also Palook, a medicine of India. The first is sweet,
-hot, and cool, in an equal degree; it is heavy, and corrects bile and
-wind. The second kind, also called Malook, is sweeter than the first,
-and in all its properties resembling Padill, except that it produces
-less thirst.
-
-97 Baraykund or Keetkurodh, or Subbuzkund.--The produce of a wet
-or moist soil. Its capsule is thick and hard; it is sweet, bitter,
-pungent, and increases the powers of manhood, and generally strengthens
-the system; it increases bile, but removes a superabundance of
-phlegm or wind. It is vermifuge, and useful in seminal weakness. Its
-leaves used as greens, create appetite, improve the complexion,
-and are beneficial in Juzam. I have ascertained from several books
-of Hindoostan, that it is a species of Russain, and that Barayokand
-and Bedareekund are one and the same plant; but some books state
-the contrary.
-
-98 Banjkakra.--A medicine of India, of a light nature, beneficial in
-mucous affections, antidote to poison, useful in boils and wounds,
-also in sores; called in Persian Khora. One kind of this bears no
-fruit, hence its name Banja.
-
-99 Pakur.--A large tree, beautiful in appearance, as large as the
-Jamin. The leaves also resemble the Jamin, but broader, longer,
-and thicker; its fruit is yellow, and when ripe, like the apple,
-but when small, it is more like the peach; it is cooling, and cures
-boils, eruptions of the skin, and is effectual in mucous and bilious
-affections, it also allays swelling in wounds. The fruit bears the
-same name; it is acid, its sherbet cardiac, promotes appetite, and
-decreases bile. By some called Pakull.
-
-100 Panee Amluk.--A medicine of Hindoostan, hot and heavy; it cures
-flatulency, and when ripe, it increases the bilious and mucous
-secretions.
-
-101 Paadae.--Pungent and bitter, hot and light, cures wind, bile,
-Juzam, and fever; vomiting, dropsy, affections of the heart, general
-heat, itch, disorders from poison, difficulty of breathing, and is
-vermifuge. It also cures Badgola, boils and eruptions of the skin,
-and removes laxities of the bowels.
-
-102 Babchee or Bakchee, an Indian medicine, the seed of which is
-black; it is beneficial in every kind of leprosy, and in every pain
-of the stomach; it is used both internally and externally. I have
-used 2 mashas of this, with other appropriate medicines, infused in
-water for a night, strained and given as a drink to those affected
-with white leprosy, and other affections of the same nature; and have
-used the strained refuse externally, with the greatest success. It is
-pungent and aromatic, hot and dry in the 3d deg. light and cardiac,
-creates appetite, and cures affections of bile and mucus; but is
-prejudicial to the eyesight, and lessens the seminal secretion.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad it is written, that Babchee is a seed about
-the size of gram, or rather less, of a dark color, and aromatic flavor,
-hot and dry in a small degree, cures wind, mucus, and Juzam; the itch
-and other eruptions of the skin when discoloration or ulceration
-takes place, and all complaints arising from foulness of blood. In
-Acouta, or that scaly leprous eruption that is often met with, it
-is very effectual, the part being first moistened with mustard oil,
-and the powder of the seed sprinkled over its surface.
-
-"Tried in Lepra without effect, both in substance and in infusion,
-in 1818.--Translator."
-
-103 Paperie.--A name for Shumshad, cool, and brightens the complexion,
-and is useful in mucous and bilious complaints.
-
-104 Babur.--Called by some Nagbo, and also Badrouje.
-
-105 Barasinga.--Cervus Elaphus. Called so from its many branched horns;
-it is about the size of a small cow, and is also called Thunkur
-or Eal. Its meat is sweet to the taste, and heavy; it increases
-Aphrodisia, cures wind, bile, and mucus. The horns rubbed down in
-water, and applied externally, cure rheumatic and other pains.
-
-106 Parba.--Cervus Porcinus. Very common in the upper parts of India;
-its properties I have never seen noticed in any Indian publication. I
-have met with a description of another kind of deer, Cheetul, and in
-my opinion they are nearly alike in their properties; the flesh of
-both easy of digestion, quickly increasing the volume of blood and
-bulk of the solids; it is without fibres, hot and somewhat dry.
-
-107 Bander.--Monkey. The flesh is beneficial in flatulencies,
-difficulty of breathing, and Jaundice, and is vermifuge; in P. Bozeena.
-
-108 Baag.--In P. Sher. The Tiger. Its flesh is hot, and cures
-affections from wind, and complaints of the eyes. Its milk, mixed
-with Soorma, is an excellent application in that disease of the eye
-called Mootiabin. My grandfather experienced its good effects in his
-own case in the cure of this disease.
-
-109 Palug.--A much esteemed kind of culinary vegetable
-(Spinnach.) A. Isphanach: cool and heavy, laxative, producing wind
-and mucus, as also swelling of the abdomen. It is beneficial in
-difficulty of breathing, and eruptions from bile. Some say that it
-produces intoxication in a small degree, but this I have not found
-to be the case.
-
-110 Paan.--Aromatic, bitter, astringent, hot, and aperient. ("Piper
-Betel, Lin. Warm juice, febrifuge; given in indigestion in children,
-and combined with musk in Hysteria.") It creates appetite and agreeable
-sensations; it also increases semen, and is aphrodisiac. It cures
-disorders of wind, mucus, and of the blood; corrects vitiated breath,
-preserves the gums, clears the blood, is useful in prostration of
-strength from fatigue, and cures nervous head-aches. Its juice
-is beneficial in giving tone to the stomach and heart, and it
-promotes digestion. It corrects a cold temperament, cures cholicky
-disorders, and pains of the bowels, and this I have repeatedly found
-by experience. In my own opinion, and in the opinion of every Yunani
-writer whom I have consulted, (with the exception of Shaik Boo Alli,)
-it is hot; but the physicians of Hindoostan very generally agree
-with the Shaik. Those of a hot temperament, who use much of this
-plant, are subject to eruptions of the mouth, and fissures in the
-tongue. Its correctors are almonds and the kernel of the cocoa-nut,
-but the former is to be preferred, and the addition of the almond
-increases its effects on the mental powers.
-
-The distilled water of Paan, as described below, is recommended
-for correcting a melancholic temperament, strengthening the stomach
-and circulation, removing spasms in the stomach, creating appetite,
-correcting flatulence, and loosening phlegm.
-
-Take flowers of Bugloss 5 scruples, rose leaves 6 drachms, cloves
-13 scruples, Paan 4 ounces, distilled water of Bugloss two pounds,
-rose water 6 pounds: distil, and give as a dose from one to four
-drachms. Another: take of cinnamon 13 scruples, Indian Spikenard and
-Galangal, each 14 1/2 scruples; Bugloss, Soad Kufah, and dried mint,
-each 19 scruples; rose leaves and cloves each 24 scruples; anise seed
-(Nancha), and another kind called Rajiana, and sweet-scented flag
-of Toorkistan, each 19 scruples; Paan 50 leaves or more, good rose
-water 15 pounds: distil. The dose to be regulated by the temperament
-of the patient.
-
-Another: take of Indian leaf (Tezpat), 1/2 a pound; cloves, Indian
-Spikenard, and anise seed (Nancha), each 4 ounces, good Paan 200
-leaves; bruise all the ingredients, and let them remain in infusion
-for 24 hours in 20 pounds of water, then draw off by distillation 14
-pounds: the dose will be from 8 to 10 scruples given after meals.
-
-Another: take of cloves, Oodghoorkee, each 13 scruples; reduce both to
-a coarse powder; flowers of Bugloss, raspings of white Sandal wood,
-each 5 1/2 scruples; Bugloss, rose leaves and Indian leaf, each 4
-ounces; white Paan 100 leaves, rose water 8 pounds, distilled anise
-seed water 4 pounds; infuse 24 hours in the heated liquids, and draw
-off by distillation 8 pounds.
-
-111 Pariss Peepul.--Called also Palass Peepul, (Hibiscus populneoides,
-Roxb.)
-
-112 Para, or Parud, (as it is called in Sanscrit,) Mercury. It
-is hot, gives strength to the eyesight, is useful in Juzam, and is
-vermifuge. A. Zeebuck. P. Seemab. It is very generally used throughout
-India, in many ways, both in its native and prepared state; but in
-the latter we ought to be very cautious, for it is seldom sufficiently
-killed, or removed from its native state, in which it is a dangerous
-drug. One grain or two grains, or even a little more, is taken for
-a dose, and in some cases with success. Cups are also made of it,
-from which milk is drank; they possess this virtue, that a greater
-quantity of milk may be taken in this way than in any other. It is
-said, that if a little Mercury be tied up in a cloth, and boiled in
-milk, that the milk will have an aphrodisiac property. Should any one
-have taken live Mercury, and the result be, that he is attacked with
-Juzam, or other leprous affection, let him take the whole of an Indigo
-plant, and cutting it in small pieces, let it be boiled in a large
-quantity of water; then straining it, drink a cupful of the water
-very frequently, till all is taken, and till then eat no food. All
-the Mercury will in the course of the day be evacuated per urethra,
-and if the whole does not make its escape the first day, the treatment
-must be repeated. If the urine be received into a brass vessel, or
-any other with a polished surface, the Mercury will be detected; many
-people having been in this predicament, have followed this advice,
-and found the result to be as I have stated it.
-
-In a state of calcination, if it is mixed with strong vinegar, or lime
-juice, and afterwards dried, if no live Mercury appears it is good;
-otherwise it is dangerous. Others have said, that if mixed and rubbed
-with the juice of the radish leaf, till they are incorporated, and
-then a little lime juice poured over it, and again rubbed and dried,
-it will be fit for use; and the less live Mercury that is perceptible,
-the less dangerous it is.
-
-To make cups and balls of Mercury, triturate the Mercury well with
-pounded bricks, in an iron pot, moistening the mixture with water;
-wash the whole in water, and strain through a moderately fine cloth,
-till the Mercury becomes perfectly clear like a looking glass. Take
-equal parts of this purified quicksilver, rock salt, and sulphate of
-copper, and put them into an iron pot, with strong vinegar or lime
-juice, and let the whole be well triturated for 7 or 8 hours, when the
-compound will appear like butter; wash this well in water, that the
-salt and sulphate be carried off, and the Mercury left behind; take
-this Mercury and coat over the outside of an unburnt earthen vessel
-or cup, till it shall be well covered and appear like Mercury; place
-this in a dish filled with lime juice, and let it remain for a week,
-then take it out and place it in the sun to dry and harden; when quite
-hard, it may be used in this way, or it may be filled with water and
-kept so, till the clay becomes soft enough to be separated from the
-quicksilver. Milk drank from this cup will have an aphrodisiac quality,
-and will increase appetite. For the formation of this cup, 9 or 10
-tolahs of quicksilver will be requisite, and for the balls one tolah.
-
-The Balls.--When the ingredients above-mentioned have, from long
-trituration, acquired the consistence of butter, balls may be formed of
-the composition in a fine cloth, and allowed to remain for 7 days in
-lime juice; then take them out and throw them into a boiling decoction
-of the Dhatura leaves, allowing it to be well boiled. The balls are
-then to be taken out of the cloth and preserved for use.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad it is said, that if a small parcel of Mercury
-be boiled in soup, made from the Bis-Copra, it will become hard.
-
-113 Baboona, or Marehtee: Anthemis Chamomile; a common flower, Akhgwan.
-
-114 Bans.--A. Russub. P. Ney. Its leaves like those of the Joowar,
-when they are young; it is cool and a little astringent, beneficial in
-dysuria, gonorrha, piles, in stomach complaints, bilious disorders,
-and those of the blood, in cholicky pains from flatulence. Some say,
-that it increases the secretion of bile. A preserve is made from
-the young shoots which is much esteemed, and is useful in promoting
-appetite and giving tone to the stomach, correcting an increased
-secretion of bile or phlegm. The young shoots are first cut into small
-pieces, and steeped in salt and water; then dried, and afterwards put
-into the vinegar or other acid, in which it is to be preserved. The
-root of the bamboo in equal parts, with Judwr (Zedoary), and Suronjan
-(Hermodactylis), applied externally, I have found very effectual
-in removing pains from the joints. The oil expressed from the fresh
-joints of the plants, is also very beneficial in pains of the joints
-and other rheumatic affections. Mention is made of this oil in the
-Hajul Umeer and Ejale naf, works written by me.
-
-The joints of the bamboo are very useful as a diuretic, and they also
-are effectual in producing abortion, and made into a decoction with
-Cassia fistula, are recommended for recorrecting and stopping the
-discharge after such an occurrence.
-
-115 Badgan Khutay.--No account having been given of this in any of
-the Yunani works, it is left for me to give a description of it. It
-is a seed of a dark red color, the capsule resembles the stone of
-the tamarind, but is more thin and pointed, and a little open; it is
-used as an infusion with tea; it is hot, strengthens the stomach; is
-discutient, removes flatulence, and the tea corrects any bad effects
-that it may possess.
-
-116 Baremoo.--A name for Dookoo.
-
-117 Barehie.--A name for Zedoary.
-
-118 Patirr.--The Wagtail, called in Yunani, Suffraghoon.
-
-119 Parjath, or Parbhudder, (Bombax heptaphyllum.) The gum useful
-as an expectorant in worms, corpulency, swellings, and wind; it also
-increases certain secretions; the gum is called Moocherriss.
-
-120 Balchur.--A name for Chur (Spikenard).
-
-121 Baeberung.--A seed, black, roundish, and pointed; bitter and
-pungent to the taste, hot and dry, light and cardiac; beneficial in
-itchiness of the stomach, flatulent swellings, dropsy, affections of
-mucus, wind, or worms, and remedies costiveness. A. Birnuk Caboolie.
-
-122 Badjera.--Holcus Spicatum. A common grain; in my opinion hot and
-dry; it strengthens the system and loins; is aphrodisiac, and corrects
-acidity in the stomach, but produces flatulence.
-
-123 Papeyha.--Papeya, Carica Papeya, W. A native of South America, now
-common all over India; milky juice of the unripe fruit, vermifuge;
-dose,--two table spoonfuls in warm milk, afterwards a dose of
-castor-oil.
-
-124 Papieha.--A common green bird; the poets of Hindoostan keep
-numbers of them, and have an idea that the noise they make at night,
-in the rainy season, produces inspiration. Its flesh is useful in
-affection from wind and mucus, and is alone sufficient to remove
-disorders from bile.
-
-125 Papeitha.--"Papita nux, Nux Vomica Serapionis, Faba Indica, or
-Faba Sancti Ignatii, St. Ignatius's Bean, Catalougay, belongs to a
-genus called Ignatia Amara. The above description applies especially
-to the Papeitha, but not to the Nux Vomica, (Cuchila,) which is a
-Strychnos, this is not."
-
-This is a medicine of foreigners, and it is said, that it has been in
-use for the last century; there is no account of it in any books of
-Hindoostan, or in the Yunani works; but in this part of the country
-it is in general use. I have partly taken the present description
-from the books of foreigners, and partly it is the result of my own
-experience. In foreign language, it is called Papita. It is a nut,
-round, more or less so, each weighing about a pice; it is depressed
-in the centre, and of a brown color, some darker than others. Its
-properties are said to be various. If one of the nuts be strung on a
-thread and retained about the person, it is a security against sorcery,
-and the attempted mischief will recoil on the sorcerer. Should any
-one be poisoned and this be administered, the poison will thereby be
-rendered innocent.
-
-Whoever shall keep this constantly about his person, nor noxious wind
-nor evil eye will affect him.
-
-If one retti or two retti weight of this be rubbed down in water and
-taken, it will cure pains in the stomach and cholicks.
-
-It is very beneficial in the disorder called Elaous, also in paralytic
-affections.
-
-In faintings and convulsions, if the teeth are forced open, and a
-little given internally, also the part of the forehead called peshanie
-scarified, and rubbed with a little of the medicine, the senses will
-be restored.
-
-In bites of snakes or the sting of any noxious reptile or insect,
-it is highly beneficial.
-
-The powder of the seed is styptic, and when applied over a wound in
-sufficient quantity to form a cake and bound up, it will stop any
-discharge of blood.
-
-In intermittent fever, if about 4 barley-corns in bulk be given
-before the cold fit, it will render it much less severe, or remove
-it altogether.
-
-In labor, if the pains are not sufficiently effectual, 4 barley-corns
-of this given, will expedite delivery; but if by mistake it be given
-after delivery, it will cause a protrusion of the bowels.
-
-In all laxities of the bowels it is useful. If a seed be allowed to
-remain in the mouth, it will promote the discharge of mucus which
-may oppress the chest, and will relieve acidity in the stomach.
-
-If the nut be cut into slices and fried in sweet oil, the oil will
-form an excellent application to chancres, venereal or other cuticular
-eruptions.
-
-Should any one have swallowed poison and become senseless, this oil
-forced into the throat, if swallowed, will save the patient.
-
-This oil will also have the effect of restoring sensation to parts
-deprived of it, if rubbed externally.
-
-In suppression of the menses, 7 or 8 barley-corns in bulk administered,
-will give relief.
-
-Should a tendon be cut through from a wound, filling the division
-with the powder, will promote adhesion.
-
-A tincture of it in spirits, in the strength of 25 nuts to half a
-pound of spirit, allowed to remain 15 days in the sun, is aphrodisiac,
-in the quantity of 16 liquid grains every night.
-
-I have found this medicine given to the quantity of half a drachm,
-more or less, mixed up into a bolus with rose-water, very beneficial
-in excessive vomiting.
-
-Once my father and I were proceeding on a journey, it happened,
-that some of our people had ate in the morning, of the food prepared
-the night before, which being stale, produced incessant and violent
-vomiting; their sufferings were great, and the color of their bodies
-completely changed. My father having no other medicine with him, except
-this, gave it to them mixed with rose-water, in various proportions,
-with great success.
-
-In unremitting vomiting, it ought to be given twice, when it will
-assuredly be successful.
-
-126 Babool, vide Keekur. Acacia Arabica, W.
-
-127 Papotun.--A plant, about a yard high; its seed is like that of the
-nightshade, at first green, and when ripe, red; in appearance like
-the Goonchee, covered with a very thin capsule. The leaves heated
-and applied to swellings are discutient, and the root pounded and
-mixed with water, applied to the carbuncle or introduced on a seton,
-will effect a cure in a few days.
-
-128 Paethaon.--Called also Culsi or Breshtpirnie. A medicine of India;
-sweet, hot, light, and aphrodisiac; remedies laxities of the bowels
-and abrasions of the intestines. It decreases general heat, allays
-thirst, and is useful in affections of wind, mucus, bile, nausea,
-and fever. In the Dhinteri, it is said to be pungent, and beneficial
-in asthma, phlegm, and dropsy.
-
-129 Patole, vide Pulwul.
-
-130 Patera, usually called Patla, a name of Birdee, a reed, growing
-in marshy places, used for making mats. It grows about a man's height,
-sometimes higher, and about the thickness of one's finger. Its ashes
-are peculiarly drying, and in quality dry and moist; if sprinkled
-over a sore, they quickly dry it up; if mixed with vinegar, dried,
-pounded, and applied to a carbuncle, it will cure it. They are also
-useful in Ukula and Nufsoodum.
-
-131 Patung.--A large tree, a native of the hills; its leaves are
-like that of the almond, and its flowers yellow. The fruit round,
-and of a dirty green color when young, becoming red as it ripens,
-and sweet to the taste.
-
-Physicians of Yunan have described it as hot, useful in
-bilious affections, mucus, and blood; also in boils and
-eruptions. A. Bukkum. The wood is used by dyers. In the Topha it is
-written, that in the quantity of 15 masha it is a deadly poison. Its
-powder is excellent as an application to wounds and ulcers. A bath
-formed of a decoction of the wood, clears the surface of the body,
-and gives strength to the bones.
-
-132 Putrudj.--A very common leaf, in length from three to five inches,
-and in breadth two inches; of a green color, and pleasant smell; it
-is strongly marked by veins, and is brought from the hills. It is hot
-and light, useful in wind and piles, nausea, pain at the stomach,
-flatulence, and is cardiac. A. Sadielj Hindui. Laurus Cassia,
-W. Tamalapatra, S. Tezpat, H. Tez (the bark), H. Twacha, S.
-
-133 Pithpapra.--Oldenlandia biflora. Bitter, cool, light, and in its
-effects astringent; beneficial in affections and disorders of bile,
-mucus, and blood; also in general heat; useful in giddiness, thirst,
-and fever; it generates flatulence. A. Shaterra.
-
-134 Batassa.--A name for Phaneer.
-
-135 Buthua, or Pasthuk, "Chenopodium album." A plant about a yard
-high, or even less; its leaves are small like the mint, soft and
-serrated; when the plant is old, it becomes a little larger, but the
-leaves remain the same. It is used in India as a culinary vegetable,
-and ate with or without meat; the leaves are sweetish when young;
-it delights to grow near water, and is found both in the wild and
-cultivated state, but the wild is considered the best; it is light
-and laxative, strengthens the system, is useful in affections of the
-spleen, eruptions from diffusion of bile, piles, worms, ascarides in
-the rectum, and corrects all natural secretions except blood. A. Kutf.
-
-136 Butela.--A kind of Pea: see Muttur.
-
-137 Butaer.--The Quail, Perdix Olivacea, (Buch.) Its flesh is cool,
-and promotes appetite; is beneficial in fever, and corrects the three
-principal secretions. Some have said, that this is a name for Tihoo;
-it resembles the partridge, but is only about half the size. In my
-opinion, it is cool and hot in equal degrees; it forms a desirable
-food for the sick, or emaciated; it strengthens the stomach, and
-produces costiveness.
-
-138 Batees.--A name for Atees, already described.
-
-139 Pytha.--The gall-bladder of any animal. Bile is hot and dry, but
-no general account can be given of its properties, as almost that of
-every animal differs from another. If goat's bile be used, it will
-relieve an affection of the liver, and if it be mixed with camphor
-and butter, and introduced into the ear, it will cure tooth-ache,
-or rubbed into the abdomen of a child below the navel, it will prove
-laxative. Cow's bile, if introduced into the ear, will cure pain
-arising from wind, mucus or bile.
-
-140 Putalphoorie.--The name of a grass, which grows in rocky places,
-from which it has either derived its name or from its property of
-dissolving the stone in the urinary or gall-bladder. It is a very
-small plant; its leaves, like those of the Lobeia (a small bean),
-when chewed are found to be very mucilaginous. It is a powerful
-medicine in dysuria, and is beneficial in dissolving stones in
-the urinary or gall-bladder. Of this I have several times had proof
-within my own observation; and I have given it to the extent of 5 or 6
-mashas in these disorders, combined with sugar, or with other diuretic
-medicines, or sherbets, or even in plain water; a substitute for this
-may sometimes be found in Gokroo, in cucumber seeds, or some such
-cooling medicine. A distilled water from it is in use. In one case
-where I used the Putalphoorie, I found, that while fresh and green,
-it was not so beneficial, and induced costiveness; but when dried
-and given, it was much more effectual and less prejudicial.
-
-141 Puturjenie.--A name for Lichmuna and Lichmunie.
-
-142 Butchudder.--A species of the Catechu tree; hot and astringent,
-beneficial in Aphtha, tooth-ache, blood, itch, poisons, and phlegm.
-
-143 Budjaesaar.--The name of a tree; the best sort is called
-Bidjaesaar; it is beneficial in Juzam, ptyalism, white leprosy,
-seminal weakness, ascarides in the rectum, disorders of bile and
-blood, cleansing the fluids, strengthening the roots of the hair,
-and it is well known as an ingredient in many formul.
-
-144 Bitchoo, (Scorpion.).--A. Akrub. Its medicinal properties are
-described in Yunani works. Bitchoo Diriag is small and of a blackish
-color, tinged with red, and has a sting on its head with which it
-wounds; its eyes are pointed, and its head is large in proportion
-to its body. The author of the Dara Shekoi supposes this to be the
-Singee fish.
-
-145 Bejoura.--A. Utrudj, though some describe them as distinct species.
-
-146 Butch.--Acorus Calamus, W. Vacha, S. Sweet-scented flag, Acorus
-Odorant, F. Kalamus Nurtzil, G. Calamo Aromatica, J. Acoro Calamo,
-S. Wedj. A. Agrtoorki. P. One kind of this is white; both kinds are
-bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic: loosens mucus from the throat,
-cures itch, mucous disorders, epilepsy, idiotism, the influence of evil
-spirits. In the Maadentezerrabad it is written, that the Indians have
-a belief, that if the butch be taken, cut in small pieces, and put
-into an earthen pot, with ghee sufficient to cover it about an inch,
-that is one part of the butch and two of ghee, and this pot placed
-in Jow for 40 days, and 15 mashas of this taken daily, it will cure
-paralysis and loss of memory, and all complaints arising from cold.
-
-147 Budgerkund.--Called also Soorun, q. vide.
-
-148 Beechnak.--The name of a poison; vide Singia.
-
-149 Bedareekund.--A kind of Baraikund. Of this two kinds are described;
-one of which is white, and called Chitturkund; the properties of all
-are alike.
-
-150 Bedarkee.--Also a name for Bedareekund.
-
-151 Budhill.--Indian Suffergill (as it is called); the fruit of a
-large tree, very common all over India; the tree is like a middle-sized
-Jamin; its leaves are broad and longer than the Daak, but the latter
-is round, whereas this is longish, irregular on the back, and very
-brittle; when ripe the fruit is of a sweet acid taste, and when
-unripe it is perfectly sour; when about half ripe, it is hot, heavy,
-and flatulent, producing wind, disorders of bile, decreasing aphrodisia
-and appetite, and increasing phlegm; when ripe its properties are quite
-the reverse; but with respect to the disorders produced by suffusion
-of bile, I have not ascertained if it is beneficial or otherwise. The
-Dara Shekoi has not noticed this medicine, and for my information I am
-indebted to works of Hindoostan. As far as I can judge, it increases
-the tone of the stomach, raises the spirits; but taken in quantities,
-it is difficult of digestion and produces flatulence. It is acid,
-and therefore remedies bile, but it increases cough. The kernel
-is astringent.
-
-152 Bedhara.--A medicine of India, brought from the hills; it
-is a light wood about the thickness of liquorice root; bitter and
-astringent, hot and aperient. It is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders
-of wind, phlegm, and blood; also in swellings of the body, seminal
-weakness, and forms an ingredient in many approved formul.
-
-153 Pudmeinie.--(The Winter Lilly.) The flower of the Kawul; sweet and
-cool, heavy and stomachic, astringent and useful in disorders of bile,
-mucus, and blood. A. Neelophir.
-
-154 Pudumcharnie.--A kind of the above, with few leaves; light and
-beneficial in mucous disorders and suppression of urine, and it
-hardens the matrix. For a more particular account, see Kawul.
-
-155 Pudumrauj.--Sweet and astringent; cool and aperient; it strengthens
-the eyes, corrects corpulence, cures boils, eruptions, and is an
-antidote to poison. A. Yacootlal.
-
-156 Pedloon.--A kind of salt; vide Noon. The salt of lead, called
-also Kutchloon.
-
-157 Burrh.--A large tree of Hindoostan, very common, cool and
-heavy; astringent, useful in mucous disorders, in bile, boils, and
-eruptions. In the Maadentezerrabad it is called Reesha in Persian. If
-the milk is applied to swellings or boils, it will effect a cure
-by resolution; or if applied to the eye, will remove specks on the
-cornea. If a tooth be at all loose, the milk applied to it will cause
-it to fall out without pain, but care must be taken that it be not
-applied to the sound tooth. If the bark of the tree be put into the
-pan in which fish is fried, it will soften the bones. The young shoots
-of the hanging roots and the bark, are cool, dry, and astringent; the
-milk is hot and powerful; the fruit less so. If the above-mentioned
-young shoots be bruised and put into a cloth, and heated over the
-fire, it forms an excellent and affectual application to lumbago or
-other rheumatic affections. The fruit, ate with milk and sugar, is
-mentioned as aphrodisiac, and increasing certain secretions. The young
-shoots of the pendent roots and leaves, and the bark are astringent,
-and useful in diarrhoea. The leaf-buds are also recommended for the
-same complaint, dressed with meat or otherwise.
-
-158 Birnaan or Burna.--A tree of Adjmere; the wood of which is used
-for making beads, which from their beauty are sent to different places
-as presents. Its medicinal property is hot and aperient, stomachic,
-beneficial in disorders of the blood, phlegm, wind, dysuria, and
-emaciation; it is vermifuge, and lithontriptic.
-
-159 Purpeeloo.--The Araaq Hindui. Cool, and useful in itch, Juzam,
-hemorrhoids, disorders of blood, mucus, and bile.
-
-160 Beridda.--A medicine of Hindoostan; cool, and grateful, increasing
-seminal secretion, removing cough, hectic fever, disorders of blood,
-and phlegm, and increasing the strength of the solids.
-
-161 Pereshtpurnie.--A name for Pthaon.
-
-162 Berchakund.--A kind of Pindaloo; another kind is called Roomus,
-also Mudwull; a third kind is Sunkal; a fourth Kashtall; a fifth
-Hustaloo; a sixth Rucktall, called Ruckutkund. All these roots are
-sweet, cool, dry, and flatulent; also aperient. They give tone to the
-urinary bladder, remove eruptions (the consequence of suffused bile),
-increase semen, phlegm, and wind; they strengthen the solids, are slow
-of digestion, and increase the secretion of milk. Pindaloo is somewhat
-bitter and hot, heavy, mucilaginous, and diuretic. Mudwall increases
-bile, and is bitter; but it is beneficial in mucous disorders.
-
-163 Barumbie or Soonputtie.--Sweet, cool, aperient, light; increases
-the powers of perception and memory, clears the voice, cures Juzam,
-jaundice, seminal weakness, foulness of the blood, and cough;
-is an antidote to poisons, beneficial in swelling of the body,
-in bilious affections, and is a common ingredient in all useful
-formul. A. Zernub.
-
-164 Burberi.--A name for Hermodaclytes. Cool, strong, dry; increases
-the general heat and bile, cures disorders of the blood, phlegm,
-daad, and worms. It is an antidote to poisons.
-
-165 Bureeja.--A name for Kuna, (Galbanum.)
-
-166 Berehta or Berehti.--(Sorrel)? (but the first is the common
-name.) Kuthai; some say, that both kinds of Kuthai are called Berehti;
-but it is not so, the small kind only goes by that name. Karenta
-and Kutla are both names of the large Kuthai, and Kuthlee; and
-Kuntkaree and Kuntkalka, are names for the small Kuthai. It is hot
-and astringent, strengthens the animal spirits; is stomachic, and a
-pleasant addition to the flavor of food. It is used in disorders of
-mucus and blood, wind, worms, ascarides in the rectum, Juzam, fever,
-asthma, pain in the bowels, cough, dysuria, emaciation, Badgola. It
-is lithontriptic, and in P. is called Badinjandyshtee. The flower
-called Gulkhar.
-
-167 Purbal.--A name for Coral; see Moonga.
-
-168 Byrumbseerjella, vide Hurhurra.
-
-169 Peertuckhpirnie.--A species of Peereshtpirnee.
-
-170 Buryara.--"Indian Mallow, (Sida cordifolia, W. Sida Rhombifolia,
-W. Sida Rhomboidoea, Roxb. MS. Sp. Ch.) Shrubby, erect, ramous; leaves
-short, petioled, rhomboid-lanceolate, serrate, 3-nerved, villous;
-stipules sitaceous. Peduncles axillary, solitary, shorter than the
-leaves, one-flowered, capsules 12, without beak, Roxb. MS." A very
-light flower of Hindoostan, cool and dry, demulcent and emolient;
-it promotes seminal secretion, and cures disorders of the spirits,
-gonorrhoea, and seminal weakness. Take 24 grs. of the dried
-flower in powder, and eat with milk and sugar, for the cure of the
-above-mentioned disorders. Ext. Maadentezerrabad.
-
-171 Burruntaaki.--A name for Buretta.
-
-172 Purundha.--A name for Mahameet.
-
-173 Pursarnie.--Hot and purgative, pungent and strengthening; expels
-wind, disperses phlegm, &c. In the Maadentezerrabad, Pursarnie is
-said to be a medicine of India; hot and dry, beneficial in leprosy,
-boils and pains in the joints, mucous disorders, and flatulence.
-
-174 Berahumnie, or Berrumdundie.--A wild plant, growing very low, with
-very thin branches and dark-red flowers, having small prickles on them;
-it is sweet, cool and light, increases knowledge and memory, relieves
-pains in the back, clears the voice, and is useful in marasmus,
-seminal weakness, and fever. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus
-described--Beramdundie, a medicine of India, with prickles on its
-flowers; hot and dry: seven scruples in powder taken in cow's milk,
-increases memory; is aphrodisiac, and beneficial in mania; it also
-removes too great irritability in the seminal vessels.
-
-175 Berahumie.--I have given a description of this separately,
-as it is so done in the Maadentezerrabad. A medicine of India, of
-the herb tribe; pungent, astringent, hot and dry in the 2d degree;
-beneficial in cholicks, phlegm, epilepsy, depression of spirits,
-fever from mucus, and delirium from cold; it is also stomachic.
-
-176 Peroza, or Berektummun.--A common stone, called in India Feroza. It
-is astringent and sweet, stomachic, and an antidote to all poisons.
-
-177 Biscopra.--Trianthema Pentandra. A wild grass, of a spreading
-kind, about 1 1/2 or a yard long; its leaves are like those of the
-Bookla Yemania, but rather less; its flowers are of a red yellowish
-color, and the whole plant forms itself into a circle on the ground
-of about half a yard in diameter. It is bitter, sweet, hot and dry,
-also aperient. It cures boils, disorders from mucus, bile, blood,
-wind, swellings, and creates appetite. It forms an ingredient in many
-formul. One kind of this is red, and is called Rukit Bhitt; bitter
-and powerfully stomachic; cool, light, and inducing costiveness;
-producing wind, beneficial in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.
-
-178 Pystha.--The Pistachio Nut. Sweet, hot, oleaginous, heavy,
-aphrodisiac, and detergent; useful in disorders of wind and mucus,
-and difficult of digestion. A. Fystuk.
-
-179 Pysturling.--A name of Chitchera or Chirchera, so called from
-its fixing itself in one's clothes.
-
-180 Bussunti.--A flower of a yellow color; cool, light, pungent,
-powerfully diminishing all the secretions and sensible perspiration. Of
-a sweet smell, and pleasant to the taste.
-
-181 Bishnookrantha.-- A kind of Biscopra, of a pungent nature,
-strengthening the mental faculties; vermifuge; beneficial in boils,
-eruptions and mucous disorders. Some writers have given it under the
-head Kuneyr.
-
-182 Bishash.--A name for Oostoochoodoos.
-
-183 Boqun, or Bookla, or Book.--A plant, the branches of which are
-very thin, the leaves small, long and pointed; the flowers small and
-white, growing on every knot of the plant; they are round, useful
-in disorders from poison, phlegm, bile, and in dysuria. It also is
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in general heat and delirium.
-
-184 Bukochie.--Conyza, or Serratula Anthelmintica. One kind of
-which is white, both sweet, astringent, and stomachic, powerfully
-cool and dry. They are aperient, producing flatulent, tension of
-the belly, promote appetite, and useful in disorders of blood and
-bile, difficulty of breathing, leprosy, seminal weakness, fever,
-and worms. The plant is carminative, and its seed increases bile,
-is useful in white leprosy, disorders of wind and phlegm, and forms
-an ingredient in many of the formula.
-
-185 Bagerie.--Alauda. A bird, the flesh of which is cool, sweet,
-and dry; beneficial in disorders of bile and mucus. In my opinion
-it is hot and aphrodisiac; also cardiac, and increases corpulency;
-it cleanses the blood, and is a very proper food for aged persons,
-those of a cold temperament, or such as labour under cold diseases.
-
-186 Bukaen.--Melia Sempervirens. (A species of the bead-tree.) The
-Hindoos call it Mahaneeb, vide M. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus
-described: Bukaen, is a common tree, cool, dry, and bitter; useful
-in disorders of the blood, gravel, swellings, and miliary eruptions,
-also piles and lumbago. If 9 mashas of the seed be bruised, mixed with
-equal parts of sugar, and taken every morning in water, it will stop
-the discharge from the bleeding piles; or if a seer of the seeds, when
-they have become yellow, be infused in two seers of water, and buried
-in the ground for 21 days, taken out, and 1/4 seer drank every morning
-for six months, it will certainly cure leprosy; both Juzam and white.
-
-187 Pushanbedh.--A. Jeuntiana. Its oil is equally beneficial, as
-that before recommended for strengthening particular organs. This
-and the Jeuntian are of a very different appearance, they are either
-distinct plants, or have become different from peculiarity of soil
-or cultivation. It is a root of a dirty-red color, or when broken,
-of a bright red; in figure a little crooked. It is cool and laxative;
-it is lithontriptic, cures seminal weakness, and gonorrhoea. My
-late uncle used half of this, and half Mendhi, as an application
-to the inside of the hands and soles of the feet of women laboring
-under immoderate flow of the menses, and equal benefit was derived,
-as is usually done from the Mendhi. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is
-called cool and dry, removing flatulence, bile, thirst, heat, dysuria,
-gravel, contraction of the urethra, and difficult menstruation.
-
-For the cure of the above-mentioned complaints, it is to be given in
-water; but for seminal weakness, gonorrhoea, dysuria, &c. it is to be
-taken in goat's milk. The dose is six mashas. It grows in stony places.
-
-188 Buckree, or Chrie, q. vide
-
-189 Becktindeek.--A kind of Teindoo, q. vide
-
-190 Palass.--Butea Frondosa. A very common tree, called also Pullae;
-it is a large forest tree, which in season loses its leaves and
-throws out flowers of an orange or fire color; its leaves are oval;
-their breadth about 3 or 4 inches; it is hot, laxative, and stomachic;
-used in boils, eruptions, Badqola, gravel, piles, worms, and broken
-bones. It is written, that when the white flowers of the Daak are
-found, and any one shall eat the seeds and the bark of them, their
-hearts will be cleansed, their understanding increased, and they
-shall then ever be endowed with supernatural knowledge; it may be
-advisable to eat moong ka dall along with it. Its flowers are called
-Tesoo; they are astringent, curing disorders of mucus, bile, blood,
-and difficulty in making water. If a decoction is prepared from
-the flowers, and poured warm from a height on the parts, it will be
-found useful in pains of the kidneys, bladder, and in suppression of
-urine. It is diuretic, and if given with medicines of that class,
-it will add greatly to their efficacy. The flowers are excellent
-as a fomentation in pains; also hydrocele and schirrous swellings
-of the testicle may be greatly benefitted by it. The seeds called
-Palass papra, are hot and light; they cure seminal weakness, piles,
-worms, and disorders of wind and mucus. In the Maadentezerrabad,
-"Palass papra is said to be like the seed of the Amultas, round,
-broad, and thin, of a dark-brown color; its kernel white, or yellowish,
-and perfectly insipid: it is oleaginous, and smells when chewed." In
-my opinion, it is useful in phlegm, and the root is beneficial in
-cholic. The nurses of Hindoostan put one seed into the mixture,
-which they exhibit after parturition, with much benefit, as it is
-cardiac. The capsule when whole is also used in decoction. The dose
-to an adult is four or five seeds, but beyond that, the opinion of
-the physician is necessary. I have used the bark of the seed and the
-capsule made into pills, with great success, when mixed with Goor.
-
-191 Belaikund.--"Maadentezerrabad." A medicine of India, also called
-Pullai seed, or Kaika; a seed red, round, and about the size of
-a pice, but thinner: it is light as a leaf, and is hot, and dry
-in the third degree. Applied to blisters on the tongue, to boils,
-or other eruptions; it removes the bad skin, and cleanses the parts
-below. It is purgative; removes wind, and every complaint of mucus,
-cold, or itch; its corrector is ghee, or butter, and its succedaneum
-Koonush. The dose is three and a half masha, or 12 grains.
-
-192 Palass Peepul.--Hibiscus Populneoides, (Roxb.) A large tree, of
-the Peepul kind; its leaves and fruit large, moist and aphrodisiac;
-producing phlegm and worms.
-
-193 Pulwull.--Trichosanthes Dioeca, (Roxb.) A culinary vegetable,
-of the cucumber kind, oval in its shape; the plant low, and creeping,
-like the Kanoorie or Cutcherie; they sometimes sow it with the Paan. It
-is eaten either (when boiled) by itself, or dressed with meat; it is
-hot and moist; promotes digestion; and strengthens the stomach and
-powers of virility; creates appetite; cures cough and disorders of the
-blood, and lessens the other three secretions. It is also beneficial in
-fevers, boils, and eruptions. It is vermifuge; its leaves are cooling,
-and cure disorders. Its branches remove superabundance of phlegm, and
-its root is pungent and aperient, strengthening the stomach. Equal
-in its degree. Again, it is said to be a fruit eaten by the people
-of India, sown and cultivated with the Paan, because it delights
-in shady places. Useful in fever, piles, and mental debility; it is
-aperient and promotes digestion; and some say, an antidote to poison.
-
-194 Billie.--The Cat; its meat is sweet, hot, and moist: of use in
-mucous and flatulent disorders.
-
-195 Billoousseeke.--Astringent; removes disorders of wind, phlegm,
-cholick, or other pain of the bowels. The Bale which bears no fruit,
-is called by this name.
-
-196 Byll.--Cratoeva, or gle Marmelos. The fruit of jungle-tree,
-like the Quince; called also Bale.
-
-197 Bylla.--A name for Shahudae, Keekwon, Kangi, and Bursali.
-
-198 Bulka.--Likewise a name for Kangi.
-
-199 Bunda.--Epidendrum Tessillatum, (Missletoe.) Epidendron
-Tesseloides, (Roxb.) I know not whether this is in itself a tree,
-or a shrub, or from whence it makes its appearance; but it is found
-growing from the branches of other trees. It is dry, and beneficial
-in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood; in boils and eruptions,
-and as an antidote to poisons.
-
-200 Pynvar or Toeroota.--A species of Cassia Obtusifolia. A wild shrub
-of India, about one or one and a half yard high, its seed is used
-for food, and is reckoned among the farin; it grows like the Mooth,
-especially when it is split down the middle. The color of the capsule
-is brownish, long, and has an indented mark on both sides. It is sweet,
-cool, dry, light, and useful in disorders of wind, bile, Juzam, Daad,
-and worms. It also produces an exhilaration of the spirits. I have
-found that three masha bruised, and mixed with a pound of curdled milk,
-placed in an earthen vessel for three days, till it becomes fermented,
-is very useful when externally applied in psora and other kinds of
-itch. The seed is heating, and generally mentioned as such. It is
-also light, and beneficial in itch, Daad, Zaerbad, Soorkhbad, and
-produces phlegm. Its leaves and young stalks are light; and produce
-flatulence and mucus. It is called by many Chukwund.
-
-201 Ponauk.--An Indian flower, sweet and cool; useful in disorders
-of the blood, bile, and mucus.
-
-202 Punk.--In Arabic Vaheel. P. Lae, (wet clay). Cool and laxative;
-useful in general heat in hemorrhoids, and in swellings of the body.
-
-203 Bunbele.--The flower of the wild Raibele. It is astringent,
-lithontriptic, and recommended in mucous and windy disorders, and in
-suppression of urine.
-
-204 Pindole.--A white earth, used for cleaning houses; sweet, cool,
-moist, astringent, and beneficial in that species of leprosy, called
-Soorkhbad; also in bilious disorders, and affections of the uterus. It
-is also said to clear the complexion.
-
-205 Pendaloo.--Trewia Nudiflora, (Lin.) Rottlera Indica, (Wild.) This
-is of two kinds; a white, and a red. The latter is probably that called
-Roomis, vide R.; the white is always called Pendaloo. It is sweet,
-cool; difficult of digestion; aphrodisiac; useful in lessening bilious
-secretion, in dysuria and heat, and in heightening the animal spirits.
-
-206 Pindaluck, or Pindal, vide Pendaloo.
-
-207 Bunpowarie.--The flower of the wild Powarie, which blows in the
-hot weather; there is one kind of this, which flowers in the rains;
-both are bitter, cool, light; lessens the three principal secretions,
-and is useful in affections of the ear, nose, and mouth.
-
-208 Pindkhajoor, vide Bhoomkhajoor.
-
-209 Punna.--A name for the stone, called Zamoorud.
-
-210 Bunslochun.--A substance produced in the hollow joints of the
-bamboo; cool and allaying thirst; removing hectic fever, common fever,
-difficulty of breathing, bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and
-jaundice. It is called in Arabic Tubasheer.
-
-211 Poondereek.--A name for Kawul.
-
-212 Benowla.--The Cotton-seed. Moist, and heavy; causes bile, increases
-seminal secretion and milk, both in the human and brute creation.
-
-213 Punchcheer.--Name of a compound made of the milk of five trees;
-viz. Burr, Peepul, Palass peepul, Goolur, Pakur; some, in place
-of Palass peepul substitute the Seriss. It is astringent, useful
-in boils, eruptions, swellings, and sudden inflammatory eruptions;
-(Eczema Rubrum;) also affections of the vagina. It increases seminal
-secretion and milk, and promotes the union of fractured limbs. The
-leaves of the above-mentioned trees are cool, light, and astringent;
-very beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, and the blood; their
-fruit produces swellings of the belly, but is useful in eruptions
-caused by superabundance of bile and disorders of mucus.
-
-214 Pungekool.--A formula of four ingredients; viz. Peepul, Peepulajab,
-Chittea, and dried Ginger. It creates appetite, and is recommended
-in disorders of wind, mucus, swellings of the belly, produced by
-affections of the urinary bladder, and bad-gola.
-
-215 Punjemool.--Two kinds, called large and small, by way of
-distinction. The large is composed of Bale, Aginmunth, Padill,
-Kshmerie Sheonak. Its taste is bitter and astringent; it is light,
-hot, and stomachic; dissolves animal fat, cures disorders of phlegm,
-wind, and difficulty of breathing. The small is composed of Gookhroo,
-Salpurbi, Bureshtpurbi, Bereta, Rutai. Its taste is sweet, and its
-properties are in equilibrium. It strengthens the system in general,
-and is useful in disorders of bile and wind.
-
-216 Bindaal.--A creeping plant, which is found on trees; it resembles
-the Kusseroo, and its seed is dark-colored, like those of the Till. Its
-capsule is somewhat larger than that of the Kusseroo, covered with a
-black rind, which also covers a second. It is very beneficial in the
-Zaerbad of horses; is pungent, and creates appetite, and is useful
-in wind and mucus. It is common to hills, plains, and ditches. In
-the Maadentezerrabad it is said to be a cure for hydrophobia, in the
-quantity of two fruits mixed with black pepper. It is said to be
-an Indian fruit like the black Hurrhe, light, bitter and elastic:
-its rind is hard; and the best kind of it is yellow. It is hot and
-dry in the 3rd degree. If pounded and sifted, and after a motion
-introduced into the rectum, it will in a few days cause the separation
-of hemorrhoids and their discharge. A fumigation of these seeds
-is also very beneficial in external piles. If they are bruised and
-mixed with cow's ghee, and introduced into the nose, they will cure
-irritability of temper and epilepsy, and remove all complaints arising
-from wind. If two or three seeds be moistened with water for a night,
-and in the morning two or three drops be introduced into the nose,
-it will produce the discharge of that yellow fluid from the brain
-which causes the disease named Pirbaal, or loss of sensation in the
-olfactory nerves.
-
-217 Bindeakurkotheki.--A name for Banjekakora, so called from its
-barrenness; pungent, useful in poisons and cough.
-
-218 Puns.--A name for Kutel.
-
-219 Punnus.--An appellation for Lackutch.
-
-220 Punealae.--A plant, "Flacourtia Catafracta;" the fruit of which
-resembles the Zerdaloo, and is itself like to the Neemb tree; the
-leaves are like those of the ratan; unripe, it is green, but when
-ripe red.
-
-221 Poiey.--"Basella Alba et Rubra." A culinary vegetable which
-grows slow and creeping; its fruit is black; cool and moist; it is
-heavy and rough in the throat, thickens the voice, is soporific;
-promotes the secretion of semen and mucus, and cures eruptions from
-bilious disorder.
-
-222 Podhka or Boleserie.--A large tree with very beautiful flowers,
-of a sweet smell. It bears fruit like, or rather having the color
-of the orange, in size and shape like the Baer, or Bulooth; it is
-cool, beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and affections of the
-teeth, as has been ascertained by experience. The fruit is cool and
-astringent, flatulent, and diminishes phlegm and bile. If chewed and
-kept in the mouth, it cures tooth-ache.
-
-223 Boont.--"Cicer Arietenum." The green, unripe Gram. It is in the
-opinion of Indian physicians cool and dry; allays chordee; increases
-wind; is light, flatulent, and also favors secretion of bile and
-blood. The Yunani physicians differ very materially from those of
-Hindoostan respecting its properties.
-
-224 Potie.--"Cyprinus Chyssopareius," (Buch.) A very small fish; heavy,
-and increasing phlegm; it is the smallest of all fish; sweet to the
-taste, beneficial in all the three secretions, All the varieties of
-small fish are strengthening and aphrodisiac; stomachic, and useful
-in affections of wind and cough.
-
-225 Potuck.--A kind of honey, resembling ghee; hot, dry, and light.
-
-226 Ponda.--Saccharum Officinarum, (Sugar-cane). Sweet, cool, moist,
-heavy, and aphrodisiac; strengthening the system; enlivening the flow
-of animal spirits; beneficial in bilious disorders, and is diuretic. It
-increases the secretion of mucus, and breeds worms in the intestines.
-
-That which is of a red color, is cool and heavy, and allays general
-heat; useful in disorders of bile and blood: remedies suppression
-of urine. The black Sugar-cane is in its properties like that which
-is white. The very best is cool and moist, aphrodisiac, laxative,
-and increases mucus.
-
-227 Bole.--"Myrrha." A name for myrrh; cool, increases knowledge;
-creates appetite; improves a relish for food; cleanses the uterus;
-beneficial in disorders of the blood and bile, and in Juzam.
-
-228 Podeena.--"Mentha Sativa, W. Mentha Crissa, Murray, ii. 178,
-Mentha viridis, Woodville, iii. 463." Arabic, Nana. It is hot and
-dry; promotes digestion; allays vomiting from phlegm; is vermifuge,
-peculiarly aphrodisiac; increases eye-sight, and is astringent.
-
-229 Phalisae or Phlsa.--The fruit of a tree of Hindoostan, of two
-kinds. One sweet, the other acid; the first is called Shukurie, the
-second Sherbuttee. The tree of one is small, not above a yard high. The
-other is as large as a mulberry tree. The fruit of the acid kind is the
-largest; its leaves large, round, and partially indented. The fruit
-is at first green, and astringent; when nearly ripe it is rich, and
-when it arrives at maturity it assumes a dark-purple color; when red,
-it is very acid; and when purple, of a sweetish acidity. The fruit is
-like the nightshade berry, or even larger. It is very grateful to the
-taste, and beneficial in disorders arising from a redundance of bile
-and blood; loosens phlegm, and is less prejudicial than any other acid
-fruits. It is also astringent; allays thirst; strengthens the stomach
-and system. Its sherbet is excellent in strengthening the circulation,
-and removing depression of spirits in heat, fever, and giving tone
-to the stomach. It is also recommended in many other disorders. Its
-sherbet is a corrector of the mogane. If 48 grains of the bark of the
-root of the sweet Phlsa be infused for a night in water, and then
-rubbed and strained, the infusion forms an excellent remedy in ardor
-urin and gonorrhoea; yet the sweet kind is less cooling than the
-acid species, though I have found the former the most effectual in
-giving strength to the circulation and to the stomach. The expressed
-juice of the Phlsa in water, boiled, is used as a condiment.
-
-230 Bhangra.--Eclipta, or Verbesina Prostrata. A small creeping plant;
-its flowers very minute. Some of them white, others of a dark color;
-the leaves small, in branches and leaves resembling the mint. Another
-species is called Kookur Bhangra; the plant of which is high, long,
-and large. It is found at the bottom of old walls. It is bitter,
-hot, pungent, and dry; cleanses the skin; cures affections of wind,
-phlegm, complaints of the eyes, pains in the head and Juzam. It forms
-an ingredient in many famous formul. If it be dug up by the roots on a
-Sunday, and dried in the shade; washed seven times in the Bale sherbet,
-and as often dried in the shade; and as much as may be contained in
-the palm of the hand, be eaten daily by those afflicted with white
-leprosy and Juzam, the disorders will be removed. The seed bruised
-with black Till and sugar, and eaten, will strengthen the senses of
-hearing and seeing, and will promote longevity. If during the four
-rainy months, the Bhangra be used with the hurrha, bhaera, and anula,
-in equal parts, and a fourth part of peepul, every disorder will be
-removed, and the hair will become black.
-
-In the Maadentezerrabad, it is said, that Bhangra is a shrub, like
-the Anjedan, but somewhat larger, of a purple or reddish color;
-disagreeable to the taste; hot, and dry. Of this there are three
-kinds: a yellow, green, and black; it improves the eye-sight, is
-beneficial in phlegm and swellings, white leprosy, Juzam, burns,
-and black spots in the face. Recent writers have said much of the
-virtues of the black kind; its seed is in its properties equal;
-beneficial in disorders of wind, phlegm, foulness of blood, blisters,
-and difficulty of breathing. If for 50 days nine masha be pounded,
-bruised, and taken in water, the hair will not become white. If the
-plant (black) be dried in the shade, and six masha be taken for two
-months, it will blacken the hair. It is the best external application
-for colouring the hair.--See Singia.
-
-231 Phirrhud.--The name of a tree in India. Vermifuge; it cures
-flatulency, disorders of mucus and blood. An antidote to poisons;
-induces corpulency, and remedies seminal weakness.
-
-232 Bhoje Puttur, called also Burje Puttur, (the birch bark.)--A
-tree common in Cashmere; the bark of which may be separated into
-numerous layers, like the talc, and each layer resembles paper.--The
-layers are variegated, and colored with straight lines; white and
-red. The Cashmerians use it as paper; in its medical properties,
-it is beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood; ear-ache,
-and possession by evil spirits. In India it is used for making hookah
-snakes; and if clothes be lined with it, it will prevent them from
-being stained with perspiration. In Persian, it is called Tooze.
-
-233 Bhoum amulek.--The anula tree, without the principal root; it
-is bitter and astringent, cool, and producing flatulence; it allays
-thirst, cough, disorders of bile, blood, and phlegm; it cures marasmus,
-and is useful in hurts.
-
-234 Phoje.--Cool and heavy, astringent and useful in bilious eruptions,
-and disorders from phlegm.
-
-235 Pockurmool.--A root; bitter, pungent, hot and stomachic; useful
-in disorders of wind and phlegm, in fevers, swellings, difficulty of
-breathing, and in affections of the liver.
-
-236 Bharingee.--The bark of a tree in the hills; bitter, pungent,
-hot, and dry; promotes appetite; remedies disorders of indigestion,
-swellings, cough, disorders of wind, phlegm, difficulty of breathing,
-fever, and pains in the uterus.
-
-237 Bhr.--The name for a sheep, called also Mendha.
-
-238 Bhains.--The Buffalo, called also Mahaki.
-
-239 Bheria.--The Wolf; also named Bhuddha. Its flesh is heavy,
-beneficial in disorders of wind, in affections of the eye, and
-clears the voice. Its teeth rubbed down in water forms an effectual
-application in specks of the cornea. This was used by my father with
-success. If the teeth be suspended from the neck of a child, it will
-preserve the child from the effects of an evil eye. A. Zeeb. P. Goorg.
-
-240 Phunjeetuck.--A species of Loonia; a culinary green.
-
-241 Bhuhira.--"Terminalia Bellerica, (Roxb. MS.) Beleric
-myrobalan. P. Beyleyleh." In taste it is astringent; grateful during
-the process of digestion; hot, dry, and beneficial in disorders of
-phlegm, bile, and cough; strengthens the eyes, hair of the head, and
-the brain. It produces a slight degree of intoxication. A. Baleludje.
-
-242 Bhelawj.--"Bela, Semicarpus Anacardium." It is astringent and sweet
-to the taste; hot and light. It promotes appetite; is aphrodisiac;
-cures disorders of the wind and phlegm; useful in dropsy, flatulence,
-Juzam, piles, diarrhoea, Badgola, fever, and white leprosy. It is
-vermifuge, and used in boils and eruptions. A. Bildor.
-
-I have found that its kernel used as an ingredient in a decoction
-intended to promote aphrodisia, (having used it myself,) is effectual;
-it strengthens the stomach and powers of virility, and cures colds
-beyond any other medicine.
-
-A friend of mine had a very severe cold in his head, for which he had
-taken much medicine without relief. I first gave him the Nux Vomica to
-supplant the habit of eating opium, to which he had become addicted:
-from this he derived partial benefit; but it soon became as difficult
-to refrain from this as from the opium. I then gave him the kernel
-of the Bela made into pills with honey, and cured him of his disorder.
-
-I also gave it to a woman who had a swelling on both sides of the
-uterus, which was daily increasing, and this it also cured.
-
-In short, this is a drug, that when it agrees with the patient,
-no medicine is equal in efficacy; but when it disagrees, no drug is
-more prejudicial. It will be prudent not to give it to any one of a
-hot temperament.
-
-243 Bhoom Kajoor.--A tree as tall as the Taar tree. The stem rough
-and serrated; the leaves only growing at the top; they are long and
-hard, and used in making mats. The tree is also called Pinkajoor. It
-is sweet, cool, and moist; it allays pain, and is an excellent
-application in bruises. It is beneficial in disorders of blood, wind,
-bile, and debility. The Pinkajoor is brought from Mooltan or Tattla,
-and in A. is called Rittub.
-
-The Rittub, which is brought from Mecca, is aphrodisiac; strengthens
-the kidnies, back, tone of the stomach, and corrects a cold phlegmatic
-temperament. This is ascertained from experience. It also increases
-the volume of blood; but if much is used, it produces a fermentation
-therein, unless habit has rendered it innocent.
-
-244 Bhehi.--"The Quince. The seed very mucilaginous, and excellent
-in diarrhoea and dysentery." A species of pear, of a yellow color.
-
-245 Boochitter.--Some call it Beechittr; it is cool and
-heavy, aperient, strengthening, increasing the three principal
-secretions. A. Jamarookh and Koombi; also Gagundool, vide K.
-
-246 Bhuiteroor.--Whoever shall use this as their only food for one
-month, their youth will be prolonged, and their hair remain black. It
-will strengthen the solids, and give universal strength. If it be
-ate for 40 days, it will produce a sweet smell from the body. It is
-laxative, and in A. called Soonamookey. "Cassia Senna."
-
-247 Bhoeperus.--A name of honey.
-
-248 Bhang.--"Canabis Sativa;" a name for Kainib, called also Bidjia; it
-is pungent, bitter, hot, light, and astringent; it promotes appetite,
-cures disorders of phlegm, produces idiotism; is the cause of foolish
-speech and conduct, or in other words, it intoxicates; if used in
-excess it produces fever, and it increases all the deleterious effects
-of poison.
-
-The author of the Dhar Shekoi says, that when he was digging
-the foundation of a house in Bengal, he found a board, on which
-the effects of this drug was written, and on this it was recorded,
-that Mahadeo used constantly to eat of this, and that from its use,
-he derived the wonderful aphrodisiac power, with which he was gifted;
-he says he has tried it, and found it very beneficial.
-
-Take of Bidjia 64 tolahs, when the sun is in the division Sirtaam,
-white sugar 32 tolahs, and pure honey 16 tolahs, cow's ghee 34
-tolahs. First fry the Bidjia in the ghee, then add the honey in a
-boiling state, afterwards the sugar: use this in moderate doses daily,
-and when it has been used for two months, strength and intelligence
-will have become increased, and every propensity of youth restored;
-the eye-sight cleared, and all eruptions of the skin removed; it will
-prove an exemption from convulsions and debility, and preserve the
-bowels at all times in a state of order. It will likewise give an
-additional zest for food.
-
-249 Bhoom Kudum.--A kind of Kudum.
-
-250 Bhendi.--A very common vegetable of the culinary kind, from 2 to
-3 inches in height: very mucilaginous. It is sweet; produces wind and
-phlegm; it diminishes bile; is diuretic, and increases the seminal
-secretion. "Hibiscus Esculentus."
-
-251 Phaar.--The author of the Cashmee calls it the medicine of Shaik
-Furried, because it was a great favorite of his. It is common at
-Agra and Delhi; it is bitter, and difficult of digestion, and hot; it
-cures fever from phlegm and bile, also diarrhoea and indigestion, and
-cholicky pains in the bowels. Its virtues are many, but too numerous
-for the compass of this work. The people of Hindost'han use it as a
-culinary vegetable with much benefit.
-
-252 Bhindale.--The name of Bhindal.
-
-253 Phankra.--Mahomed Cassim says, that this tree is the Drsheeshn,
-and that the name of its bark is Kagphill; it is hot, and easy of
-digestion; it lessens the secretion of wind and phlegm. It is aperient,
-and corrects a bad taste in the mouth.
-
-254 Bhapungi.--The author of the Cashmee says, that this is the Anjidan
-Roomi. It is pungent bitter, and hot, and is useful in removing coughs
-from phlegm, asthma, swellings, wounds, worms in the stomach, heat,
-and fever.
-
-255 Phitkerrie.--"Sulphate of Alumine, Alumen. F. Alaun, G. Allume,
-I. Alumbre. S. Sphatica. Shan Shub, A." Pungent, astringent,
-transparent. It increases and clears the complexion; is beneficial
-in seminal weakness and dysuria, in all complaints of the vagina,
-in vomiting, and in thirst.
-
-256 Bheroza.--Called also Gundha Bheroza, (Turpentine.) In its
-properties it approaches the Koondhur; but its effects are more
-drying. If a tent be made with this, and applied or introduced into
-the vagina, it will cure any affection to which that may be subject,
-and prevent habitual abortion.
-
-257 Bhateele.--In Persian called Goolqunda. A. Verdmoonuttin.
-
-258 Bhoodill.--The name of a piece of Talc.
-
-259 Bhoothpees.--A name for the Ram.
-
-260 Phaloke.--A name for Arloo.
-
-261 Bhu'th Kutaeye.--The name of both kinds of Kutai, "Solanum
-Jacquini."
-
-262 Bhohphilly.--A creeping grass, the fibres of which are very thin,
-and its leaves very small. Its seed vessels are numerous, thin, and
-small, about the size of the nail of the finger; it is aphrodisiac,
-and thickens the seminal fluid.
-
-263 Phooth.--"Cucumis Momordica," (Roxb.) P. Dustumboeah. Its
-properties approach those of the melon when unripe. In my opinion,
-as nature has given it a sweet smell, it must be beneficial in
-strengthening the heart and brain; but it encourages the attack of
-putrid fever. It is used to form a sherbet with sugar and rose-water,
-for the above-mentioned beneficial purposes.
-
-264 Bhuntaki.--("The wild Bhengun; is the Solanum Melongena,") a name
-for Badinjan; sweet, pungent, and penetrating, and during digestion,
-bitter, hot, and light; beneficial in diminishing phlegm and bile,
-strengthens the circulation, clears the complexion, promotes appetite,
-and cures fever and cough.
-
-When ripe, it is hot and heavy, and increases the bilious
-secretion. The white kind is inferior in virtue to the black. Some
-call it hot, others cold. I have from experience found it excellent in
-giving strength to the stomach; that it is very drying, and produces
-vitiated bile; from this circumstance it prevents sleep, or produces
-unpleasant dreams: its correctors are ghee or oil. Although I have
-stated all these properties, yet as a culinary vegetable it is in
-very general use, it cannot possess them in any great degree; it is
-called Benghun.
-
-265 Pechuck.--A name for Bidjosaar.
-
-266 Beedjbund.--(From the Maadentezerrabad.) A medicine of India, red
-and black; its seed resembles that of the onion, red and shining;
-the red kind is to be preferred. It is aphrodisiac, increases
-seminal secretion, strengthens the back and loins. It is cool and
-dry, flatulent and difficult of digestion; its corrector is sugar;
-its sucoedaneum, the seed of the Antungun. The dose is one miskal
-with equal parts of sugar.
-
-267 Benth.--"Calamus Rotang." Of this there are many kinds; one kind
-called Toikam, another Jillbenth, a fourth Itchill; the whole four are
-cool and cure swellings, piles, pains in the uterus, boils, eruptions,
-acne, difficulty in voiding urine, are lithonthriptic, useful in
-affections of wind and mucus, also foulness of blood. Jillbenth is
-astringent and flatulent, and Itchill is an antidote to poison.
-
-268 Peetul.--(Brass.) P. Bering. It is not an original metal, but
-a composition. In its properties it is equally cool, hot, and dry;
-it cures disorders of wind, phlegm, jaundice, and affections of the
-spleen. A kind of this is called Sonepeetul.
-
-269 Peepul.--"Ficus Religiosa." A tree of India, very large and
-common; the young leaves are green, but when well formed become
-yellowish; it is cool; cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and blood;
-is useful in boils and eruptions. The bark of the tree is aphrodisiac,
-strengthens the loins, and restrains watery discharge from the urethra;
-and this I have found from experience. Some say, this is called in
-P. Lirzan. Its fruit is about twice the size of the Phasa. It tastes
-like the fig. It is called Peepulie, and is when ripe of a yellowish
-color. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is thus mentioned. "The Peepul
-tree in Persian is called Lirzan; in the opinion of the inhabitants
-of India, cool and dry. Its fruit diminishes the secretion of bile,
-promotes digestion, relaxes the bowels; and if the bark be infused in
-water and applied to boils, it will hasten suppuration and promote the
-discharge of the matter; if the bark be burnt and thrown into water,
-it will quickly purify it."
-
-270 Bale.--A name for Raebale; cool and light; cures disorders of
-phlegm, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-271 Baele.--"Called also Byll, Cratoeva, or gle Marmelos; Wood
-Apple." The name of a fruit which grows like the quince; its seeds
-are larger than those of the Ryhan. I have seen the tree, it is like
-the Bukaen; its leaves very soft and tender, broad and long, somewhat
-like the Moong: on each small sprig it has three leaves. Some have
-said that it was originally wild, but subsequently brought into our
-gardens; that which is now in gardens is larger than that which grows
-uncultivated. The fruit is hollowed out and used as snuff-boxes, and
-for several other purposes. It is a very common tree in India; it is
-bitter, astringent, and a little sweetish, hot, and moist; when ripe it
-is heavy, producing phlegm, bile, and wind, causing heat of stomach,
-and is difficult of digestion. It destroys appetite and induces
-costiveness; but unripe it is light, strengthens the circulation,
-and the whole body; induces costiveness; increases appetite, hastens
-digestion, and cures disorders of wind and phlegm. I have given it
-with other medicines for the cure of diarrhoea with good effect. "And
-in dysentery, a table-spoonful of the pulp, made into sherbet, and
-taken several times a day, has been effectual."
-
-272 Peeloo.--"Salvadora Persica." "Careya Arborea," (Roxb.) The
-Indian name for this, Araak. It is a wild growing shrub, about the
-height of a long spear, (8 feet,) with many branches; it is broad
-and round in its general appearances; its leaves thin, and about 1/2
-an inch long. The fruit is called Peel or Peeludj; it is hot, light,
-and aperient; promotes appetite, cures Badgola, piles, affections of
-the spleen and wind; is lithonthriptic; useful in disorders of the
-blood; it produces bile, and in all favorite formul, it forms an
-ingredient. The fruit is also called Jhal; it is bitter, laxative,
-lessens phlegm, general heat, Juzam, fever, and worms. The wood of
-the Peeloo used as a tooth-brush, is excellent for preserving the gums.
-
-273 Peoke, or Peossie.--The first milk given by any animal after the
-birth of its young. A. Lubba. It increases the bulk of the solids,
-and inclination towards aphrodisia, but it causes hiccough, and the
-formation of stone in the bladder, and is difficult of digestion;
-its corrector is sweetmeats.
-
-274 Peease.--"Allium Cepa. Agnon, F. Swiebel, G. Cipolla, I. Pallandoo,
-S. Onion." A. Bosool. Pungent, and during digestion sweet; hot in
-a small degree, and in its effects resembling Garlic. It increases
-mucus, removes disorders of wind, and hydrocele. There is a smaller
-sort, called Karinjun, which increases bile, produces costiveness,
-and cures piles. There is a third kind, which when dried is white,
-and is recommended to be kept in any house to prevent the approach
-of snakes or any venomous reptiles.
-
-275 Peeplamool.--The name given to the root of the Peepul tree,
-but some give the name to the whole tree, and some give the name
-to the fibres of the root of any tree; but judging from the name,
-I conceive it to be what I have just stated. Mool being root, and
-Peepul must indicate the kind of root. The idiom is Indian, and I
-think must be correct. It is bitter and pungent, dry and stomachic;
-promotes digestion, cures disorders of wind and phlegm, but impairs
-the eye-sight and seminal secretions.
-
-276 Bear.--Called also Konar, "Ziziphus Jujuba." Sweet, cool, heavy,
-aperient, causes wind, produces corpulency, cures disorders of bile,
-wind, blood, general heat, and the disease called Rajerogue; also
-allays thirst. Another kind of this, named Husthkool, and a third
-called Kurkund, q. vide.
-
-277 Peeta.--Called also Khunda, q. vide.
-
-278 Passownie.--A name for Chrkklie.
-
-279 Bealduntuck.--A name for Khrkhsuck, meaning a snake's tooth. This
-is known to every one.
-
-280 Peeche.--Congee, or rice water; it is cool and allays thirst;
-it is proper food for the sick; drank with rose water, Beelemoosk
-and sugar, or with pomegranate sherbet, it produces cold, strengthens
-the circulation, and entirely allays general heat.
-
-281 Beerbahootie.--An insect very common in the rainy season,
-resembling scarlet velvet; hot in the 3rd and moist in the 2nd deg. One
-insect, with the legs taken off, ate with Paan, is very efficacious
-in paralytic disorders, and other complaints from cold. Bruised and
-mixed with water, it is used as an aphrodisiac, in seminal weakness,
-&c. Its oil is also used as an external application in debility brought
-on by onanism, and for giving strength to the muscular fibres. Its
-succed. is the Kinchua.
-
-"I have prescribed the Beerbahootie with decided good effects in
-paralysis, commencing with one and increasing to three or four in
-the day: 1 or 2 given with a little pounded nutmeg is said to be very
-efficacious in spasms in the bowels of children."
-
-282 Talmukara, or Talmukana.--"Bartleria longifolia." A seed,
-very small, and like the zeera, red, the color of Toodrie, but the
-Toodrie is round, whereas this is longish and smaller. The plant
-is knotted like a reed, and has prickles on the joints. The flower
-is like the lotus, but is whiter. It is cool and heavy; increases
-seminal secretion, and cures disorders of wind and blood; it forms
-an ingredient in all aphrodisiac formul; it is taken mixed with
-cow's milk, either cold or boiled. In the Maadentezerrabad, it is
-thus described.
-
-Talmukana is a medicine of India; its seed of a brown color, like that
-of the Anjera; cool and moist; used as an aphrodisiac, in cases of
-seminal weakness, in gonorrhoea, and in chancres. It is astringent;
-strengthens the system; is flatulent, and not easy of digestion:
-its corrector is sugar; its succed. Moosliesia. The dose six masha.
-
-283 Taal, or Taar.--"Borassus Flabelliformis." A very high tree, about
-60 feet, more or less; very common in the Deccan and in Bengal. At
-Agra it is more common than at Delhi; the leaves grow at the top of
-the stem; they are broad and long; and of these are formed Punkahs,
-which are much esteemed and carried to various parts. They are also
-used for writing upon; its fruit is like the cocoanut; the kernel
-of the fruit is cut into pieces, and ate with sherbet and sugar;
-it is very sweet to the taste, and is called the Tirkool.
-
-The upper part of the stem of the fruit is cut across, and the
-liquid which exudes from the wound, received into earthen vessels
-called Labnahs, and these fill several times in the course of the
-day. This liquor is called Taarie: when fresh drawn and before the sun
-is above the horizon, it is sweet to the taste; but it soon becomes
-fermented, and is then intoxicating. It is cool and moist, beneficial
-in disorders of wind and bile, also in boils and eruptions. It is
-both aperient, and aphrodisiac. A liquor distilled from the Taarie,
-is to be preferred: roasted or stewed meat should be eaten along with
-it. It produces pains in the limbs, and heaviness of the head, and
-is as intoxicating as spirits. The fruit is sweet and cool, heavy and
-flatulent, causes pains in the limbs, cures affections of wind, bile,
-blood, and bruises; it relieves general heat, and allays thirst. Its
-seed is also sweet, cool, and diuretic; useful in disorders of wind
-and bile. P. Khoormae Aboojile, or Khoormae Hindee. A. it is called
-Doom, but the author of the Munhage says, that Doom means the Googul
-tree. The Maadentezerrubad thus describes it: taar is a tree like
-the date tree; its leaves about a yard long; the kernel of the fruit
-is often sold for the sea cocoanut. The juice of this tree is the
-taarie, so well known; it is equally hot and cold, and moist in the
-2nd degree. It is aphrodisiac and diuretic, induces corpulency, and if
-taken to excess produces intoxication and head-ache. If fresh drawn,
-it is sweet and less intoxicating; but allowed to remain for a night,
-it becomes acid, and then it is very inebriating. The fresh taarie
-improves the complexion, moistens the brain; is beneficial in hectic
-fever, in difficulty of breathing, in depression of the spirits,
-and is aperient. If allowed to remain long, it becomes sour, smells
-very strong; is heating, and causes vomiting and indigestion.
-
-In the Lyzuttoor rejal, it is thus mentioned: taarrie is an
-intoxicating produce of the taar tree, very common to the eastward. The
-tree resembles the date tree, but its leaves are different: when fresh,
-the taarie is hot and moist, induces corpulency; is aphrodisiac,
-diuretic, and when it has acquired a strong smell, is intoxicating,
-and in that state, it is very heating, and produces indigestion,
-with heaviness of the brain. The sherbet of the pomegranate allays
-vomiting brought on by its use. Its succedaneum is a decoction of
-dates called Sendhi.
-
-284 Taalesputter.--A name of Talesphir; of this there are many
-and various accounts, some call it the leaf of the wild olive,
-zeatoon, and others call it the bark of the Lissaan nulaej safeer,
-or Biss'bassa. The author of the Topha says, that he considers it the
-same as the Tewaje Kutai. The people of India deem it hot, light,
-aphrodisiac, stomachic, promoting digestion, curing difficulty of
-breathing, cough, disorders of phlegm, badgola, and hectic fever.
-
-285 Tanbirr.--"Copper." It is sweet, cool, light, and aperient:
-cures disorders of bile and phlegm; useful in marasmus, Juzam, piles,
-asthma, swellings, cough, and ague. It is caustic, and in A. is called
-Nowhass. P. Miss. The physicians of India use it in a calcined form,
-and speak much in its favour. If it be properly prepared, it will
-be soluble in water. In my opinion, if it does not produce heat
-in the blood, nausea, pains in the bones, and joints, giddiness,
-and confusion of ideas, it will be fortunate, and will be a sign,
-that it has been well prepared; and should it stand both these tests,
-it may be used with comparative safety.
-
-286 Taberuck.--A tree, the produce of Arabia; its fruit and flower
-resembling the rose; during digestion it is bitter and hot; removes
-bile, and blisters, and seminal debility.
-
-287 Tubasheer, or Tubakeer, names of Bunslochun.
-
-288 Tuputtee or Typsie, a trefoil grass.
-
-289 Tatyrie, in P. called Teetoo; a bird, the meat of which produces
-wind. "Tringa Goensis."
-
-290 Tittereek, sometimes called Tintereek.--Its fruit, when unripe,
-is beneficial in disorders of wind; is vermifuge, and destroys worms in
-the rectum; it is very heavy; but when ripe, is light and astringent,
-and is useful in weakness of the digestive organs, and cures disorders
-of phlegm and wind. A. Simaak.
-
-291 Tudje.--Laurus Cassie? Some say that this is Kirfa, and others
-Syleekha; also called Keelkheela; it is in Indian works described as
-cool and pungent; it cures disorders of phlegm, and more especially
-dissipates collections of it in the small intestines; clears the
-passage to the stomach or oesophagus, and promotes digestion.
-
-292 Tedhara.--"Euphorbia Antiquorum." A kind of Seehund.
-
-293 Turkool.--The fruit of the Taar tree, vide Taal.
-
-294 Tarkoota, or Terookhun.--The title of a formul composed of peepul,
-pepper, and ginger, in equal parts. It creates appetite and promotes
-digestion; cures difficulty of breathing, cough, local affections of
-the skin, badgola, seminal weakness, phlegm, swelling of the testicles,
-and diseases of the nostrils.
-
-295 Terisgundh or Tirjatuck.--The name of the following formul. Small
-cardamums, Kerfa, Tezpat, in equal parts. It is said to remedy
-disorders of phlegm.
-
-296 Tirtuck.--A kind of rice, of the same properties as the Saathie.
-
-297 Tirmirra.--The best kind of this grows in gardens. It is hot
-in the 2nd degree, dry in the 1st. When fresh, it is moist, and its
-juice is excellent in wounds and ulcers; it is diuretic and aperient;
-produces frequent inclination to aphrodisia, and causes blindness. Its
-corrector is Kou (Lettuce), or Kasni (Endive), or Koorfa, or Till. It
-increases the secretion of semen, and thickens its consistence. It
-is an antidote to the bite of the mongoose. If bruised and applied to
-the root of the acid pomegranate it will render it sweet. A. Jerjeer.
-
-298 Tersindiaturnie.--A kind of Jeeaphul; see I.
-
-299 Teraemanna, called also Teraman.--It is cool, sweet, and useful in
-pains of the stomach, in mucus, super-abundance of blood, giddiness,
-thirst, delirium, poisons, and vomiting. Manna.
-
-300 Teroor, called also great Dathun.--Bitter and cool; strengthens
-eye-sight; cures bile, heat, diseases of the mouth and hepatic
-eruptions.
-
-301 Tirnie.--Cool and sweet, increasing eye-sight, beneficial in
-bilious disorders, bile, heat, thirst, vomiting, and eruptions of
-the mouth.
-
-302 Tirdisha.--A name for Mahomeed.
-
-303 Tyrphilla.--The name for Hurr, Bhaera, and Anula.
-
-304 Tirpurnie.--An appellation for Jalpurnie or Tirpunnie.
-
-305 Takkur.--The name given to a mixture of Dhaie and water.
-
-306 Tuggur.--A name for Asaroon (Asarabece); it is sweet, hot,
-moist, light, and an antidote to poisons. It cures epilepsy,
-delirium, affections of the eyes, wind, and mucus. One kind of it is
-red. (Asarum), excellent errhine.
-
-307 Teluck.--A flower like the Till; hot, beneficial in mucous
-disorders, and Juzam; an ingredient in favourite formul.
-
-308 Telk.--Ginger.
-
-309 Till or Tillee.--The name of a seed, from which oil is extracted,
-and which leaves much refuse after the oil has been drawn. When green,
-it is dry, increases knowledge, and promotes appetite. Is astringent,
-reduces corpulency, clears the voice and complexion, and allays
-thirst. There are three kinds of this, the 1st called Pooth, the 2nd
-Tilbund, or white Till, the 3rd is wild; it is heavy and astringent,
-increases mucus and bile, strengthens the head, cures boils, and all
-rheumatic affections. Is stomachic, increases knowledge, and restrain
-the secretion of urine. The best kind is black, next the white, and
-last in order the red. The flower of the Till is useful in disorders
-of the eye, such as specks, and that affection called Nachoona, and
-is applied mixed with Soorma with good effect. This is stated both
-in the Ejalenapheh and Elajejul-umrae.
-
-310 Toolsi.--"Ocimum Sanctum. (Roxb. MS.) Shrubby, hairy, branches
-four-sided, leaves ovate, oblong, serrated with margins, and petioles
-hairy; bractes petioled, ovate, cordate, ciliate, upper lip of the
-calyx round, cordate, and hairy, with corol twice its length. Its seed,
-Tookmi Rehan, H. of a mucilaginous nature."
-
-A common plant, about a yard high or more; its leaves small and
-longish, and serrated at the edges. The Hindoos consider it as very
-sacred, and worship it. It is a species of sweet basil (Raihan);
-bitter, pungent, hot, cardiac, and stomachic. It increases bile and
-general heat, cures Juzam, difficulty in making water, affections of
-the liver and blood.
-
-311 Tumakoo.--Nicotiana Tabacum, W. It is said in the Dara Shekoi,
-that it was first sown in India during the reign of Akber, or in
-the year of the Hidjera 1014, when it was imported from Europe, and
-sown by his order; now it is every where common, and is generally
-smoked. In the opinion of Hukeem Alli Gheelanee, it is hot and dry;
-its smoke from its heating quality confuses the ideas, and reduces
-the strength; from its discutient property, it weakens the brain,
-and depresses the spirits. Those who are of a cold, moist temperament,
-may derive benefit from its use, but those who are of equal temperament
-cannot use it with impunity. It is useful in piles the consequence of
-cold, also in waterbrash, and complaints of this nature; it promotes
-digestion and dissipates flatulent pains. It increases the strength
-of vision when it is weakened by the effects of cold, but adds to it
-when it has been caused by heat. In difficulty of breathing or pain
-in the chest, proceeding from an accumulation of viscid phlegm, it is
-very useful. It is prejudicial in thin spare habits; it shuts all the
-passages, decreases the power of the absorbents, and consequently
-prevents the absorption of chyle, thereby weakening the system,
-and drying up and emaciating the body. It produces hectic fever in
-the aged, and many other disorders in which medicine is useless. Its
-corrector, according to the author of the Dara Shekoi, is milk; and
-he gives this wise reason for it, that cloth stained with the smoke
-of tabacco can only be cleaned with milk. It is used in many ways,
-chewed, snuffed, smoked, &c. but is least prejudicial when smoked,
-after being mixed up with goor and preserves. I have by experience
-found it effectual in wind of the stomach, in pains produced by
-flatulence, and in the waterbrash; but have found it prejudicial
-to those labouring under depression of spirits, or who are subject
-to heartburns.
-
-The dried plant brought from Surat is more drying than any other,
-and ought to be washed in rose-water or Bedemushk before use.
-
-It is used by the Pytans as snuff: as a cephalic it strengthens
-the brain, and prevents the effects of indigestion on that organ,
-but it should not be used when people have weak eyes from heat. The
-author of the Ulfaz Udwiyeh says, that he had a friend who was blind,
-and that meeting him afterwards quite recovered, he was surprised to
-learn that his cure had been effected by his having smoked equal parts
-of tobacco and Sumhaloo; the women eat the Surat tobacco with pawn:
-and it increases digestion, and is discutient. It is beneficial in
-those temperaments which are cold and moist, and its juice is used
-for drying the vagina.
-
-312 Tamaal.--The Serroe tree. A tree resembling the Jhow, but much
-larger; in its properties resembling the Saul. It cures swellings,
-general heat, and blister.
-
-313 Tym.--A kind of fish, producing appetite and general strength.
-
-314 Tamaalputtur.--A name for Teeridje. Some have called it the leaf
-of the Tamaal tree, and named it Serroe, while others have said that it
-was the leaf of the Sandal tree. It is therefore uncertain what it is.
-
-315 Toon.--A kind of reed; its seed like the Benth; its flowers are
-used as a dye by the dyers of India, and are of a yellow color; cool,
-dry, astringent, producing wind, curing eruptions from an overflow
-of bile, also other eruptions of the skin and Juzam. A. Arheekun,
-but the author of the Topha says, that Arheekun is a name of the
-Isperuck, and that it is not like the Toon.
-
-316 Toon.--"Cedrela Tuna," W. See Sir W. Jones's description,
-vol. 4. As. R. page 273. Powder of the bark and extract used in the
-cure of fever.
-
-317 Tuntureek.--A name for Tuttereek, called also Seemk.
-
-318 Tumbole.--A designation for Paan, but what is properly called
-so is a preparation used at marriages, composed of Paan bruised and
-the juice expressed, mace, nutmeg, cloves, and cardamoms, all bruised
-and mixed with sugar, and allowed some time till it ferment. Its use
-causes exhiliration of spirits, slight intoxication, and strengthens
-the system. It removes wind, is cardiac, and promotes dryness; those
-of a hot and dry temperament will be injured by its use; it sweetens
-the breath, and is generally known by this name.
-
-319 Tunkaar.--"Impure Borate of Soda, Boras Sod." A name of Borax,
-called also Zirkur; it is of two kinds, one white, called Curia,
-the other named Telia. The proportion of both are the same; it is
-refrigerant and detergent; strong, hot, and useful in mucus and wind,
-cough, and asthma. It is burnt in the fire, pounded, and with equal
-parts of Aloes and a little treacle made into pills, and as many
-used daily as will agree with the stomach. These will remove pains in
-the stomach, internal parts, chronic cough, difficulty of breathing,
-or any complaint of that nature. It is recommended, that it be taken
-every day for at least 20 days, but if this cannot be done, it may be
-used at intervals for the above-mentioned complaints; this advice is
-given from the Echtyarat Casmi. The whole properties of this medicine
-are only known to Indian physicians, and from experience, I know it
-to be a powerful promoter of digestion if taken about an hour after
-meals with a little water only; it is called also Tunkunkar.
-
-320 Tawakeer.--A medicine of India, useful in gonorrhoea and dysuria
-ardens.
-
-321 Tombrir, also Tombie.--A bitter cuddoo. There is a kind of this in
-which the seed is not bitter; it is heavy, though some call it light;
-it is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-The one in which the seed is bitter, is cool, cardiac, and an
-antidote to poisons; useful in cough and bile. If the seed be taken
-when the moon is in the wane, bruised, and for 21 days, steeped in
-the juice of ginger, its oil extracted and preserved in a bottle,
-it will be found that this oil, when a year old, rubbed over the body
-in weakly habits will renovate strength, and it is also said that it
-will consolidate mercury.
-
-322 Turai.--"Cucumis Acutangulus, Roxb. Hibiscus Esculentus?" A
-common vegetable, bitter and dry, light and suppurating; beneficial in
-swellings, marasmus, dropsy, affection of the spleen, Juzam, piles,
-mucous disorders, and bile. Another kind is called Geea, and is very
-mucilaginous and cool, but increases mucous disorders. A third kind
-is named Arra, and is aperient and useful in bilious disorders.
-
-Turai is a very common culinary vegetable of India, and the people sow
-it in their houses; its flower is very beautiful, of a yellow color,
-and the fruit is extremely mucilaginous. If it is sown at the root of a
-tree or wall, it will climb for support; its leaves resemble the vine,
-its fruit is about 2 or 3 inches long, and about the thickness of
-the thumb or even thicker; the second and third kinds are larger and
-thicker than the first, but the latter is the best, and those are to
-be chosen which are thin, small, and soft. It is in my opinion cool,
-moist, and aperient; beneficial in hot temperaments and weakness of
-the stomach; those of a dry temperament will find it particularly
-beneficial; it is a proper food for those labouring under fever. The
-2nd kind is the most mucilaginous; the 3rd less so than the 1st.
-
-323 Toour.--A kind of Arhur. "Cytisus Cajan."
-
-324 Tooiekam.--A kind of Rattan.
-
-325 Toodun.--A kind of Kakroo.
-
-326 Toott.--A common tree, of the middling size; its leaves are a
-little oval, very soft and easily squeezed; its fruit is half an inch
-long or more, both white and black, the best without seeds, and much
-less than the rest. It is sweet and easy of digestion, strengthens
-the system and kidnies; is aphrodisiac, increases blood, remedies
-costiveness; is hot and dry. Those without seed, more efficient than
-any other. I have written what I have experienced of its effect,
-but much more is said of its properties in Yunani publications. Its
-bruised leaves with salt said to be suppurative and discutient.
-
-327 Thour.--Euphorbia Neriifolia, Roxb. called also Thr. A kind
-of Zekoom, (thorny tree,) some call it Synhud, others describe it
-as resembling the Zekoom, and that its fruit is like the Hurrhee,
-but the Thor and Synhud do not bear fruit. The milk of the plant
-blisters the skin; its expressed oil is aphrodisiac, and possesses
-other properties. A cloth wet with the milk, is used as an aphrodisiac,
-and the particular manner will be found in the Ilajulumrar and the
-Ijalnpheh.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, it is thus mentioned: Thewr. In the opinion
-of the people of India, it removes costiveness, cures affections of
-the spleen and spasms of the stomach, and evacuates the bowels and
-Fetuek; if its leaves are boiled in water or Dhaie with a little
-salt, strained and drank with a little cow's ghee, it will cure all
-disorders of wind and vitiated bile, and relax the bowels. The milk
-of the Thewer is procured as follows:
-
-Pierce the plant close to the root, and fill the wound during a night
-with asafoetida, in the morning remove the gum, and attach a vessel to
-receive the exuding milk, and should the juice be required very thin,
-a little salt may be added to the asafoetida.
-
-328 Tendhoo, called also Tendook.--"Diospyros Ebenum," another kind
-is called Bychtendook. A tree of India, of a large size; its fruit
-like the Anula, but smaller. The first kind cures boils, eruption
-and disorders of wind. When the tree becomes aged, it produces the
-ebony, which is the centre; it cures bilious disorders; its unripe
-fruit is cool, astringent and increases wind. When ripe it is heavy,
-beneficial in bilious complaints, disorders of the blood, and seminal
-weakness; The second kind is nearly similar in its properties; but
-is more cooling, light, and astringent.
-
-329 Tejotee.--Bitter, pungent, hot, stomachic, useful in disorders
-of mucus, wind, dysuria, cough, and convulsions.
-
-330 Teetur.--The Partridge, "Perdix Francolinus." Its flesh increases
-the color of the skin, renders the bowels costive; is stomachic,
-useful in hiccup, and disorders of the three principal secretions;
-beneficial in difficulty of breathing, cough, and dropsy.
-
-331 Tendooa.--"The Leopard, Felis Leopardus." Some say the Indian name
-for this is Nimonur. The people of India call it a species of tiger,
-but it is smaller; it is also named Tendoo.
-
-332 Telkirur or Telkr.--The oil of the Kojora; it is bitter, pungent,
-hot, beneficial in affections from wind, strengthens the system,
-diminishes the eye-sight, increases the three principal secretions,
-and produces heart-burn.
-
-333 Tesoo.--The flower of the Palass.
-
-334 Tezpat.--A name for Patrudje.
-
-335 Teerun.--Cool, bitter, useful in wounds, and improves the
-complexion.
-
-336 Terbile.--A medicine of India.
-
-337 Teetee.--The name of the fruit Karele.
-
-338 Jamin.--"Eugenia Jambolana." One of the largest of trees;
-its leaves about 3 inches long and half an inch broad, of an oval
-shape. The fruit is round and of three kinds, the Deeriaie, the
-Bhagaie, and Sehraie. Of the Bhagaie, there are two kinds, the largest
-called Churputtra and the common Jamun. The common name of the Deeriaie
-is Nadeye. All kinds are dry and astringent; cures disorders of mucus,
-bile, blood, and boils and eruptions, but when the fruit is large
-it is sweet, and difficult of digestion; it cures swellings in the
-body. Some have called the Ray Jamun hot. The Sehraie is strengthening,
-and increases semen. There is a kind of Jamun grown in Delhi, that is
-without stones, and very sweet; in my opinion this is the best of all,
-and next to it must rank the Ray Jamun.
-
-That fruit which is found in the latter end of the rains is called
-Bhadeya, and is also sweet. In my opinion it is cool and moist, and
-stomachic, but the one without the stone, named Bdna, is more so
-than the other kinds.
-
-The juice of the fruit is to be preferred as a stomachic, and is more
-grateful to the taste. It is best prepared by being sprinkled with
-salt, and shaken in a dish, which deprives it of its great astringency
-and corrects its hurtful qualities.
-
-There is a kind of jamun of the color of dry grass, of a yellowish
-white color, smaller than those described, of a pleasant smell. Nawab
-Assoph-ul-Dowlah at Lucknow, taking into consideration its scarcity,
-brought it from the eastward, and sowed it in his gardens. It is the
-now common goolaub jamun, and smells of roses; there is also a kind
-of jamun at Lucknow called Phalenda.
-
-339 Jatie.--A name for Chumbelie, "Jasminum Grandiflorum."
-
-340 Chaab.--The fruit of the Guj peepul, cures hemorrhoids, and
-resembles peepulamool in its properties.
-
-341 Jaie Puttrie.--Hot, light, vermifuge, cures mucous disorders,
-and is an antidote to poisons. It is a name for Bisbass.
-
-342 Chakussoo.--A Jeshmoridj. If 21 grains of this be bruized and
-moistened with filings of Sandal-wood in water, in a new earthern
-vessel, and drank in the morning, it will be found very effectual in
-Dysuria ardens.
-
-343 Jaiphill.--"Nutmeg, Myristica Aromatica, Myristica Moschata." Hot,
-light, stomachic, clears the throat, cures mucous disorders, and
-allays vomiting; is vermifuge, remedies any irregularity in the sense
-of smelling and cough.
-
-344 Charai, or Charwolie; both names of Cherownjee.
-
-345 Jaal.--A kind of fish.
-
-346 Jaiey.--Jasminum Grandiflorum? A sweet smelling flower, bitter
-and cool, useful in eruptions of the mouth from heat, in disordered
-eye sight, and affections of the uterus, also in wounds and ulcers.
-
-347 Chakoth.--A culinary vegetable, sweet and saltish, useful in
-affections of wind, mucus, bile; fever, and piles. It also remedies
-costiveness, improves the taste of the mouth, and clears the olfactory
-nerves.
-
-348 Chalkurie.--A name for Foo or Mujeeth.
-
-349 Changerie.--A name for Umulchhangerie.
-
-350 Cheebook.--A kind of Khurnie.
-
-351 Chitchera or Chichira, also Chirchira. P. Khasmar. "Achyranthus
-aspera." Pungent and laxative, increases appetite, cures disorders
-of wind and mucus, daad, seulie, piles, itch, (both dry and moist,)
-itchiness in the bowels, dropsy, boils, and other eruptions. Another
-kind is red; both are dry and astringent. The seed is beneficial in
-those eruptions, the consequence of vitiated bile. The red flowers
-are very common, the white are more scarce; if the white flower
-be preserved about the person, it will render one invulnerable. In
-disorders of the blood, the root bruised in water and taken is useful,
-mixed with dhaie and sugar, it is of use in Menhorragia cruenta. The
-stem of the plant used as a tooth-brush is excellent in disorders of
-the teeth, and sweetens the breath. The juice of its leaves squeezed
-into the eye improves eye-sight. The seeds and leaves pounded and
-drank in a seer of milk is a powerful emetic, or if they be taken
-to the quantity of four tolahs daily for 21 days in congee, they
-will cure bleeding, piles, and bruised and applied externally, will
-act as styptics. The white flowers kept on the person, will prevent
-you from being stung by a scorpion, or will remove the pain when
-externally applied.
-
-352 Chetuck.--A name given to birds that inhabit wild places,
-(those more tame are called Chiria,) they are sweet to the taste;
-cold and moist. Aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders called Sunpat,
-and increase phlegm. Tame fowl is hot and dry, also aphrodisiac.
-
-353 Jutamassie.--Bitter and cold, clears the skin, useful in
-mucous disorders or diffusion of bile in the blood, in affections
-of the throat, and is an antidote to poisons. "Spikenard, Valeriana
-Jatamansi."
-
-354 Chuttra.--During digestion it is hot, and produces a burning
-sensation, curative in itch and flatulence.
-
-355 Chuttur Phill.--A name of Syneed, a kind of Khoreacera.
-
-356 Chichinda, also Chunchilund, "Beta Vulgaris." The root of a
-culinary vegetable of India. It is of a long tapering shape like
-the carrot, and is in general use. I have experienced it to be of
-use in dry emaciation, and that it is sweet and stomachic, light and
-beneficial in superabundance of bile, increases appetite, and removes
-viscid mucus and bile. The root is laxative. Another kind is bitter,
-hot, and moist, decreases bile, mucus and heat, and cures all disorders
-of the blood.
-
-357 Chachoondur, also called Chulde. "Sorex Cerulescens, Shaw." "Sorex
-Ceruleus, Turton." The Musk-rat. P. Kormoosh. If its meat is applied
-to the ulcer at the back of the neck called Khoonadeer, it will be
-found very effectual. If its brain be dissolved in oil and applied as
-a friction to the spots of white leprosy, and other discolorations
-of the skin, it will remove them. If the scrotum is tied up and
-preserved about the person as a charm, it will increase and lengthen
-the continuance of aphrodisia.
-
-358 Chirchirra.--A name for Chitchira.
-
-359 Chirpoota.--A medicine of India, cool and dry, and aperient;
-cures difficulty of breathing and cough.
-
-360 Chiria.--A name for Roonjisk, called also Chituck.
-
-361 Chirownjee.--"The nut of the Chironjia Sapida." A round or oval
-seed like the peepul, of a dark-brown colour. The tree is of the milky
-kind, the leaves white, or of an earthy color, an oil is expressed
-from its kernel. A. Hubboossum'na. P. Nookul Khaja. It is sweet and
-oleaginous, heavy and luxative, beneficial in bilious and mucous
-disorders, in foulness of the blood, heat of the body, and bruises,
-and it increases wind.
-
-It is also written that Chirownjie is the kernel of the stone of
-a fruit, of the appearance and taste of the phalsa, and that it is
-dried and carried hence to various countries. It is very common in
-Bundelcund, it ripens in the commencement of the hot weather, and the
-capsule is said to be separated from the kernel in a hand-mill. The
-tree is large: the nuts are strung on thread and used by the natives
-as necklaces, and they are roasted and eaten as food.
-
-362 Cherayta, called also Punsaal. "Gentiana Chirayata,
-Roxb. Sp. Ch. Herbaceous, leaves stem-clasping, lanceolate, 3-5-nerved,
-corol rotate, four cleft, smooth stamens, four, capsule ovate,
-bifurcate, as long as the calyx." It is bitter, cool, and dry,
-light, and producing wind, beneficial in cough, general heat, and
-fever. A. Rusbuzzreera.
-
-363 Jest in P. Roo Tootia. It is hot and light, and during digestion
-cool and heavy; facilitates the fusion of metals.
-
-364 Chesteymud, called also Chestee, also Chitenmud. "Glycyrrhira
-Glabra. W. Glycine Abrus, Linn." in Arabic Assoloos'oos.
-
-365 Chukunder.--A name for Saluk.
-
-366 Chikara.--A kind of deer; its tail is black, and its meat sweet,
-cool, light, and astringent, stomachic, cardiac, and beneficial in
-disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.
-
-367 Chukora. In P. Rubk. "A variety of Titroo Rufus."
-
-368 Chukua Chukui.--"Anas Casarea." The Braminee Duck. Its flesh is
-sweet, cool, moist, and heavy, strengthens the system, restrains the
-flow of urine and fces, cures affections of wind, bile, and blood. In
-P. it is named Soorkhab and Chukawuck, A. Kumbera.
-
-369 Chukeerka.--The white kind of the seed, called Soorkh, a common
-seed, used as a weight; properties the same.
-
-370 Choekurk.--A name of the grain Koolthie.
-
-371 Chukond.--A name of the Penwar or Chukwand.
-
-372 Chukotrah.--A fruit of Hindost'han; its tree like the Rutael,
-with double leaves, the under one very small. It is very easily
-engrafted on the Rutael tree. The fruit is green and round; its
-capsule granulated; its green color is that of a small melon; inside
-it is red; the divisions very small. It is sweet, acid, and bitter,
-and is ate with salt or sugar. It is cool in its properties, allays
-thirst from bile, creates appetite. In no book of Hindost'han have I
-been able to find any account of it. "Citrus Decumanus. The Pumalo,
-Batabi Neemboo, Pumpleuoes."
-
-373 Jooqunoo.--"Lampyris." The fire fly. P. Kermukshub
-Cherag. A. Hubahub. It shines in the night during the rains.
-
-374 Chukadana.--The name of a seed of an earthy color; hard, and
-having a small kernel; it is like the Hubbulsa, but is somewhat
-larger; the latter besides is pointed at both ends, whereas this is
-not. The women of Delhi give this in purges for children.
-
-375 Jillpeelbuka, also called Jill peepul, or Phylphilabi. It is
-cool and dry, and astringent; cardiac and aphrodisiac, strengthens
-the eyes, cures disorders of blood, heat in the chest, boils and
-inveterate eruptions; another kind of it is red, dry, beneficial in
-affections of wind, mucus, and is astringent. Its fruit is beneficial
-in eruption from vitiated bile. Red flowers very common.
-
-376 Chellwuk.--A large tree of India. Its fresh leaves are used as an
-application to inflamatory Daad, or other watery eruptions, as well
-as the common Daad. This I have found from experience. Sybr is first
-applied to produce some inflammation, and then this application is
-made use of. A patient of mine was long annoyed with Daad in both
-his shoulders, for the cure of which he had tried many remedies. I
-recommended this, he took a quantity of the leaves, bruised them, and
-applied them over the parts, but from the great heat and irritation
-they produced, he quickly removed them; he then applied the Mooltance
-earth, to remove the irritation, this so far succeeded, but the part
-rose in blisters, the water from the blisters being discharged,
-the complaint was found relieved, when the parts were well, he
-again applied the leaves, this destroyed the disease, and left
-the place all black. The skin soon re-assumed its wonted color,
-and the disease was perfectly cured. From the above circumstance,
-I am led to conclude, that the application is a very powerful one,
-and acts as a blister. If they are applied to parts which have been
-deprived of sensation, it will be equally effectual as Sutoobria.
-
-377 Cheylchish.--A very hurtful kind of fish, which increases disorders
-of the three principal secretions.
-
-378 Chillie.--A kind of culinary greens, from the common vegetable
-called cheel; cool, dry, light, aperient; promotes appetite, increases
-knowledge, strengthens the system, cures disorders of the spleen,
-blood, and the three secretions, and is vermifuge. One kind named Kutf,
-also Buthua.
-
-379 Jill Benth.--A kind of ratan.
-
-380 Jill Butees.--Cool, astringent, producing flatulence.
-
-381 Jill Neeb.--A small plant; its branches minute; also its leaves
-like the Loonia saag; it creeps on the ground, and is to be found
-near rivers. It is very bitter, and from its constant vicinity to
-water has obtained its name. It is purgative, powerfully so, in the
-quantity of 6 mashas. In herpetic eruptions and Lues venerea it is
-very beneficial, but it can only be given with safety to those who
-are not in a weak state.
-
-382 Chumgader.--The Bat. A. Khuffash. Its blood rubbed on the feet
-is aphrodisiac. Its properties are particularly described in the
-Yunani works.
-
-383 Jamalgota.--Vide Datoon. "Croton Tiglium."
-
-384 Chumbeley.--"Jasminum Grandiflorum." A white flower, of a strong,
-sweet smell, one kind is yellow, and named Soorunjati: alike in their
-properties, both are hot and light, useful in head-aches, pains in
-the eyes, and teeth, in boils, eruptions and foulness of the blood.
-
-A decoction of its leaves in water will cure tooth-ache; the mouth
-being repeatedly washed with it. The juice of the root taken with milk
-will remove suppression of urine, and many have made the experiment
-with success.
-
-385 Champa or Chumpuk, "Michelia Champaca." A flower of India,
-of a pyramidal shape, its color is a light or whitish yellow, very
-beautiful, and as such is often quoted as the perfection of color.
-
-In this part of the country, it is very common; it cures difficulty
-in voiding urine, disorders of mucus, blood, and nausea. It is
-pungently bitter and cool; useful in injuries of the nose, and
-in general heat. One kind is called Paak Chumpa, hot and pungent,
-creates appetite, improves eye-sight, diminishes mucus, and cures
-bruises. The smell is cardiac and stomachic.
-
-386 Chermbrie.--An acid fruit of India; beneficial in itchiness of
-stomach, disorders of mucus and wind, depraved taste, pains of the
-chest, loss of appetite, and worms. Its acid removes the effects of
-intoxication; it is cool in its properties. The sweet kind is bitter,
-and a little heating.
-
-387 Junthmook.--In taste it is sweet, and is like the Saalie, (a kind
-of rice;) in its effects, but the best of all kinds of rice is the
-Christn daan, and that which has been sown in a soil manured by ashes,
-is the lightest and best in curing mucous disorders. The rice produced
-in the common manner is heavy, useful in disorders of bile and wind,
-and frequent change of soil, or the plant removed or transplanted to
-another soil is the best. It is diuretic and generally beneficial.
-
-388 Jungliechuha.--P. Runfeer. Its flesh is useful in cough, difficulty
-of breathing, foulness of blood; is dry and beneficial in all the
-three secretions. The meat of the female is to be preferred to that
-of the male.
-
-389 Chumbuck.--Cool and decreases corpulency; is an antidote to
-poison. A. Hyzr Mukunatees.
-
-390 Chundurkanth.--Its taste is sweet and astringent; it is cool and
-aperient, strengthens the eyes, reduces corpulency, cures boils and
-eruptions, and is an antidote to poison. A. Hyzrool Kummur.
-
-391 Chundsoor.--Vide Haloo. "Lepedium Sativum."
-
-392 Chundun.--"Santalum Album, W. or Sirium myrtifolium." P. Sandal
-Suffed. A little bitter; cool, dry, and light; is cardiac and
-exhilirates the spirits; is tonic; an antidote to poisons; useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, allays thirst, heat in the chest,
-clears the complexion. Its real name is Ujelah. Chundun, and Rukut
-Chundun is the name for red Sandal.
-
-393 Chundunsarba.--A name for white Kalesur.
-
-394 Junth.--The name of a large tree, like the peepul; its leaves
-like those of the tamarind; it is prickly, and its bark white.
-
-395 Jawansa.--P. Khar Shooter. It is sweet and bitter, cool, light,
-and aperient, cures bilious disorders and those of the blood. Also
-vertigo. Hedysarum Alhagi.
-
-396 Choke.--Bitter, soft, and emetic, useful in foulness of the blood,
-mucus, poisons, worms, flatulence, itch and Juzam. "Maadentezerrubad."
-
-"Choke is a medicine of India, it is a black juice, very acid, soft,
-cool, and dry, increasing appetite, promoting digestion, stomachic
-and astringent, lessens the secretion of bile, and injuries of the
-tendons. Its corrector is sugar; its succedaneum Bejowra, dose 1/2
-to 1 direm."
-
-397 Chowlai or Chowrai, "Amaranthus Polygamus." One kind of it called
-also gunder; a kind of culinary greens, used by the people of India;
-cool and dry, useful in bilious disorders, mucus, and blood, and is
-diuretic and aperient. It is stomachic, promotes digestion, and cures
-eruptions from vitiated bile. Another kind of it is named mursai;
-cool, heavy, and aperient; useful in seminal weakness, and disorders
-of the three secretions. A. Bokul Yemania.
-
-398 Juhi.--A small white flower, also a yellow kind. In the Dhunteri,
-it is said there are three kinds of it, a white, yellow, and purple. It
-has a sweet smell, and some have called it a species of jessamine. In
-Delhi it obtains the name of Jahee Juhi, but these two words are,
-properly speaking, distinct names for different flowers, and the
-author of the Echtyar Casmi has described them separately. It is
-cool and beneficial in affections of the eyes, and increases wind
-and mucus. "Jasminum Auriculatum."
-
-399 Juwar.--"Holcus sorghum." A. Zoorra. A grain; sweet to the taste,
-cool and producing wind, useful in mucous disorders and bile, and in
-my opinion is difficult of digestion. It is aphrodisiac, and if eaten
-to excess, produces flatulent pains in the bowels. One kind is named
-Mukaiy, and possesses the same properties.
-
-400 Joonk.--A name for an Indian plant, about a yard high, more or
-less; its leaves are small, and its seed about half an inch in length,
-resembling a leech; sweet, cool, heavy, and useful in gonorrhoea,
-cures wind, bile, and phlegm. Its leaves are very mucilaginous,
-and the children of India play with the pods, sticking them to
-their bodies like leeches. It grows in the rains, and usually in
-uncultivated places.
-
-401 Juhan.--A kind of anise seed, commonly called Adjwain Kermanie. I
-have described its properties under the head Adjwain.
-
-402 Jawakhar.--A name for Nuttroon; pungent, hot, and aperient; useful
-in affections of wind, mucus, dropsy, pains in the bowels, dysuria,
-and is lithontriptic. In the Maadentezerrubad, it is written, that it
-is hot and dry, diuretic and aperient, useful in disorders of mucus,
-wind, dropsy, pains in the bowels; is lithontriptic, and beneficial
-in the spleen and indolent tumors.
-
-403 Chouch.--A large and small kind; pungent and hot; astringent
-and sweet; inducing costiveness; stomachic; beneficial in cholicks,
-inflammatory pains in the spleen, and other pains in the bowels. It
-is a favorite ingredient in many formul.
-
-404 Chehtaon.--A tree of India; aperient, and useful in disorders of
-mucus and wind; also in Juzam, boils, and eruptions.
-
-405 Jholputtur.--A kind Asheer; cool, light, and cardiac; cures
-disorders of mucus and bile, and diminishes the volume of blood.
-
-406 Cherakakoli or Chershookla; also Chermudera; sweet, cool, heavy,
-aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders of blood, bile, heart-burn,
-dryness of the mouth, thirst, fever, emaciation and dropsy.
-
-In the Dhunteri, it is also said to promote digestion, and to
-be pleasant in flavor, and agreeable in its effects; to cure
-suppression of urine and pains in the chest. It also is used as a
-cephalic. It is said to cure affections of mucus, Juzam and worms,
-and to cause an increase of bile; it is commonly known by the name
-of Nuckchickenie. Vide N.
-
-407 Choonderdhan or Jowdhan.--A kind of rice, called also Rukitsaal.
-
-408 Cherie.--The goat; its flesh is moist and heavy, but easy of
-digestion; useful in disorders of the three secretions; produces no
-heat at stomach, increases semen, and renders the sense of smelling
-more acute: it is also called Bukeri. A. Mehyr.
-
-409 Jeengha.--A kind of shell-fish; hot and dry; those newly taken
-are to be preferred; they are aphrodisiac, aperient, and grateful to
-the taste. This may generally be true, but bad effects have followed
-their use, and that which is salted is melanagogue, or produces black
-bile; the corrector is oil of almonds. P. Muluch Diriae, A. Jeradool
-Bahr. Some have said that the Robean is the same fish.
-
-410 Junkar.--A name for the deer Barasingha.
-
-411 Jojakhar.--A name for nitre.
-
-412 Chohara.--"The date. Phoenix Dactylifera." P. called Khorma
-sunshekun; aphrodisiac; it is ate with milk. If the Chhara is
-bruised, and with salep and sugar boiled in milk, till nearly half
-the milk shall be evaporated, then drank, it will be found useful as
-an aphrodisiac, increasing the bulk of the solids, and if it digests
-easily, it will be found peculiarly useful. If roasted and eat with
-opium, it becomes astringent.
-
-413 Chirr, and another kind, which is black; both are cold, and
-useful in disorders of all the secretions, heat of the body, and
-Juzam. P. Soombulutteeb.
-
-414 Chereela.--In its properties it resembles Slechih, (Cassia
-Lignea.) P. Ooshna.
-
-415 Jhow.--A name of Turfa. If bruised and mixed with vinegar it
-suppurates indolent swellings, and also scirrhous swellings of
-the spleen.
-
-416 Cherkund.--A kind of Beedareekund, which is white.
-
-417 Chundurseha.--A name for Mudukprnie.
-
-418 Choocheroo.--A name for Srphonka.
-
-419 Jhirberie.--"Jujube." A name for wild Baer; is acid, cool, useful
-in bile, cardiac, and astringent: if dried and pounded, it is called
-Brchun; this possesses all its properties, but is more astringent.
-
-420 Jyaphupp.--Another kind of it is Tersindiapurni; its seed is made
-into beads. It is also called Surupjea; it is astringent, strengthens
-the hair of the head, and darkens its color.
-
-421 Cheehur.--A tree of India; there is another kind called Choobnuz,
-and a third kind Stoona. Its wood smells strong and rancid; it is
-hot and dry in the 3rd degree; it is very oleaginous and greasy. If
-its juice be expelled by heat and collected, it is excellent
-as an application in paralysis, and it also cleanses large foul
-ulcers. Its milk is pungent and heating, and it is an active poison,
-hot and dry in the 4th degree; applied to the skin, it blisters; it
-is used in swellings from cold. Its wood is used internally in loss
-of voluntary motion or insensibility and epilepsy, and it is said to
-be lithontriptic. It injures the lungs, and its corrector is oil of
-almonds and gum. The dose is 3 mashas.
-
-422 Jeewuk.--Cool and aphrodisiac; increases semen and mucus; cures
-disorders of bile, wind, heart-burn, emaciation, and hectic fever.
-
-423 Cheenuk.--A tree of Hindostan; hot; useful in boils and eruptions,
-affections of the heart and disorders of wind; it is astringent.
-
-424 Jeewuntie or Jewnie or Jw; cool, sweet, moist, light;
-strengthens the system and eyesight; is astringent; useful in
-disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It forms an ingredient in
-all favorite formul, and it removes feverish heat. The people of
-India use its greens in the beginning of the cold weather as food;
-the small Jeewuntie being considered as one of the best of culinary
-vegetables. It is called also Saag Sherista. The large kind is named
-Bhendoorie, from its more limited mode of spreading its branches,
-and the small kind, for the contrary reason, is called Bldorie:
-this spreads to a great distance, and creeps along whatever it comes
-in contact with. The fruit is like the cucumber.
-
-The above is also the name of a flower, which in the Dhunteri is said
-to be aphrodisiac, and to clear the voice.
-
-425 Jeewung.--Also Buthua. Its stem is red.
-
-426 Cheedah.--The small pine (Senobir Jegheer); sweet; pungent during
-digestion; bitter, hot, moist, light; useful in windy disorders,
-and affections of the eyes, throat, and ear.
-
-427 Cheenah.--"Millet. Panicum
-Italicum. Pan. Pilosum." P. Arzum. A. Dakhun. Its properties are
-nearly the same as the small seed called Kongnee.
-
-428 Cheetul.--An Indian Deer, black and white, pyebald. Its flesh
-has the same properties as the Chikara.
-
-429 Cheetah.--Its meat is hot and heavy; useful in disorders of wind,
-affections of the eyes and voice. In A. Phahus; it is also the name
-of a medicine mentioned hereafter.
-
-430 Cheel.--"The Kite. Falco Cheela," Lath. Its meat is heavy, and
-increases disorders of the three secretions. In P. Ghllevaz. A. Hydt.
-
-431 Jeepaul.--A name for Jamalgota.
-
-432 Cheetah.--"Valerian? Plumbago Zeylanica or Plumbago Rosea, W." A
-medicine; one kind of which is red, the other purple; inside of a
-yellowish color; both woods are very thin, and both are pungent,
-bitter, dry, light, astringent, stomachic, and increase the powers
-of digestion. The red kind, mixed with strong vinegar, and rubbed
-hard on the spots of white leprosy till blisters arise, will have
-the effect of removing the complaint. A. Sheetrudj.
-
-433 Cheea or Cheetkeh, both names for Hurr.
-
-434 Khutchur.--A. Bagul. P. Astur. The mule. Its flesh increases
-strength; is aphrodisiac; it likewise increases mucus and bile.
-
-435 Khergosh.--So called in Persian. The hare. Its Indian name is
-Sussh. Vide S.
-
-436 Kherboozah.--So named, both in Persian and Hinduee. It is hot,
-dry, light, and sweet; when ripe it increases bile, and is diuretic
-and lithontriptic. Its corrector is oxymel.
-
-437 Khuss, also Oshere.--In the hot weather it is used for cooling
-houses. It is cool, assists digestion; is astringent, and cures
-bilious disorders; also those of mucus and blood. It allays thirst,
-cures blisters and acne, general heat, dysuria, boils and eruptions;
-prolongs aphrodisia, and I have found it excellent as a cardiac
-and astringent.
-
-438 Darhuld.--The wood of a tree called Huld. It is pungent and bitter;
-hot, dry, and useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood, in acne,
-seminal weakness, swellings of the body, marasmus, boils, eruptions,
-in affections of the eye, pain in the ear; is lithontriptic, and
-cicatrizes wounds.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, is the following:
-
-Darhuld is a wood of a yellow color; if bruised with Malageer, mixed
-with honey, and taken, it will be found excellent in marasmus, and
-as an external application in the itch.
-
-439 Datoon also Danth or Danti, names for Hubboos Salateen. In Hinduee
-Jamalgota. "Croton Tiglium, W. Jayapla, S." It is bitter, pungent,
-and hot; promotes digestion; cures bilious affections, also foulness
-of the blood, disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, dropsy, and
-worms. It is violently purgative, and clears off the three secretions,
-but more especially mucus and black bile. It is not a safe medicine
-for weakly people, children, or the aged; but it is proper for those
-of strong constitutions, such as the Highlanders or country people,
-on whom weaker medicines have little effect. I have seen some of
-the hill people eat from 5 to 10 of the nuts without producing more
-than two or three motions, whereas the people of this city (Delhi)
-find half a nut as much as they can well bear.
-
-The small green substance in the centre or heart of the nut, ought
-to be thrown aside, as it is poisonous. I have given this medicine
-very often with great good effect, and it is a general favorite with
-the physicians of Hindostan. In cholicks attended with vomiting,
-I have prescribed it with good effect.
-
-440 Daoodie.--A common plant, about half a yard high, on which grows
-white and yellow flowers; it is hot and dry, and the smell of the
-flowers removes disorders from cold on the brain by heating it. The
-powder of the flowers, in the quantity of 6 mashas, with sugar, is
-lithontriptic, and in the quantity of 3 mashas if it be boiled, and
-the decoction drank with sugar, it will also be found beneficial. If
-the flowers are boiled in oil, till the virtue be extracted, the oil
-will form an excellent external application in all affections arising
-from cold; a conserve of its flowers strengthens the stomach and the
-brain, and removes depression of spirits. The juice of the leaves is
-attenuating and suppurating. "Marigold, Chrysanthemum."
-
-441 Dabeh.--A kind of grass; useful in suppression of urine; is
-lithontriptic; cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and removes pains in
-the urinary bladder.
-
-442 Darum.--The pomegranate of the hills. "Punica granatum, W." It is
-very acid and astringent; it increases appetite and promotes digestion;
-is cardiac; decreases bile, removes depression of spirits, and the
-sweet kind decreases the 3 secretions.
-
-"The bark of the root a cure for Tnia. Boil 8oz. in 3lb. of water
-to a quart. Of this the patient takes a wine-glassful, and repeats
-it as the faintness will admit."
-
-443 Darmee Saar.--The pomegranate seed. It cures disorders of bile. I
-have found its powder very useful in giving tone to the stomach and
-removing heated bile; it is also astringent. Mixed with medicines of a
-laxative nature, it is given in India on account of its tonic effects,
-and its preventing injury from other medicines.
-
-444 Darma called also Soombulkhar, or rather it is a species of
-arsenic.
-
-445 Dakh.--Cool, heavy, aperient; improves eye-sight; increases
-aphrodisia; removes fever, thirst, difficulty of breathing, affections
-of wind, bile, and blood, jaundice, dysuria, and heat of body. Its
-corrector is to be found in its acid, which cures mucous disorders and
-eruptions from vitiated bile, and the same effects will be produced by
-grapes without seeds. The hill grapes are acid, light, and useful in
-mucous disorders, but in some degree increase bile. Ungoor. The grape.
-
-446 Daad Murden.--"Cassia Alata, W." The expressed juice of the leaves,
-mixed with salt, used for the cure of ring-worm.
-
-447 Dooparia.--"Pentapetes Phnicia." The name of a common flower, of
-a rose color, and white, and flowers at noon. It is light, astringent,
-and cures disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-448 Dutchina Virna.--Bitter and heavy in digestion; dry, and increasing
-wind; cures cough, boils, eruptions, disorders of bile, and affections
-of the eyes.
-
-449 Durba.--A name for Doob, called also Shittbra.
-
-450 Durbhur.--A kind of Lawa. Vide L.
-
-451 Dusmool.--A mixture of both kinds of Punjmol; it increases
-appetite; cures disorders of bile, mucus, difficulty of breathing,
-cough; decreases perspiration; removes morbid inclination to sleep,
-also fever, flatulence, pains in the bowels, and pleuritic affections.
-
-452 Dukdoka.--A name for Dodhe.
-
-453 Dumna.--A kind of Murzunjoosh, called also Dawna; its leaves
-have a finer smell than the flower, and are very numerous. It is an
-antidote to poisons; useful in disorders of the blood and the three
-secretions, Juzam, nausea, and watery itch. Its properties are hot,
-and it is hurtful to those of the like temperament. Its smell causes
-dryness of the brain. The wild Dawna is the most powerful.
-
-454 Dundundana.--A shrub about a yard high; its leaves like those
-of the Baer. It is a trefoil, and in the centre of the three leaves
-there is a capsule, which when ripe breaks and discharges the seed;
-it is of a whitish brown color, some more white than others; its seed
-resembles those of the safflower, but is longer and more broad. It
-is used as an ingredient in the first medicine given to a child at
-its birth to clear its bowels.
-
-455 Doon also Shittbra.--The latter is white and cool; cures acne,
-disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst, and general heat. "Poa
-Cynosuroides."
-
-456 Doodhee called also Dukdka.--A grass of two kinds. The first
-kind does not rise from the ground; its leaves green; its fibres very
-small. The leaves like the Til. If the branch is broken, a white juice
-exudes like milk; from this it has derived its name; it grows about
-a span in diameter. The second kind has red branches, and is much
-about the size of the other; the first is the hottest and best. It
-is dry, heavy, and aphrodisiac; cures affections of wind and mucus,
-also Juzam and worms. It is flatulent; and a third kind of it called
-Mydha Sengie; also a fourth Jhnawurha.
-
-From the Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Doodhee is of three kinds: The first large, called Meendha doodee;
-its tree like the Bael; its fruit like the Aak, and like it too,
-there is a cottony substance contained in it. Its flowers are white,
-and milk exudes from its broken branches. If the cottony substance
-be applied to the piles, and the patient seated over a hot place,
-that the cotton become well heated, it will cure the complaint. Its
-leaves are like the Paan. The second kind is very small, and remains
-spread on the ground; its branches are red, and its leaves thin; it is
-beneficial in gonorrhoea and in ulcers of the urethra. If it is bruised
-and eaten for a year, in the quantity that can be held in the palm of
-the hand, it will be aphrodisiac, increase the secretion of semen,
-make the hair black, and preserve the eyesight. The 3rd kind grows
-to the height of 7 or 8 inches, and is useful in seminal weakness
-and diabetes. If 9 mashas be taken with sugar, it will be useful in
-remedying a too hurried seminal evacuation and heartburns. The second
-kind is cool and dry. "Euphorbia hirta."
-
-457 Doodee.--A name for Hubb-ul-neel. A purgative seed, beneficial
-in affections of bile, mucus, piles, worms in the belly and rectum,
-in badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-458 Dodputeya.--A name for Chirkakolie, another kind of which is
-called Kakolie.
-
-459 Doodka.--A name for Doorie; cures superabundance of wind, mucus,
-phlegm, piles, worms, Badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-460 Dhamin or Dhunoon.--A prickly tree, astringent and light, and
-useful in disorders of phlegm, bile, blood, and in cough.
-
-461 Dhunjawasa.--A kind of Jwss; its properties the same.
-
-462 Dhadahwun.--The name of a tree, useful in disorders of phlegm,
-wind, poisons, Juzam, piles, and Sunpat. Sunpat is a disease consisting
-of loss of sensation and universal chilliness and numbness.
-
-463 Dhaw.--"Grislea Tomentosa, Roxb. Lythrum Fructicosum, Linn." A
-prickly shrub, cool and useful in bilious disorders, mucus, piles,
-marasmus, &c.
-
-464 Dhawa.--A tree, the flowers of which are generally known; it
-is also called Dhatki, bitter, pungent, astringent, cool, light,
-and curing laxities of the bowels; useful in disorders of bile and
-blood, and is an antidote to poison; is vermifuge, beneficial in acne,
-and is a little intoxicating; it is also recommended in prolapsus
-ani, menorrhagia, and hmorrhoides; it is said to be equal in its
-properties.
-
-465 Dhatura.--"Datura Metel. W. Datura Stramonium." A plant about a
-yard high, more or less. It has numerous branches, like the Benghen
-plant; it grows wild, and is also cultivated; its leaves are like those
-of the Abassie; its seed vessel like the walnut, or rather larger;
-it has small prickles on its surface, and is filled with seeds. There
-are several kinds of it. One has a black flower, and also a blackish
-seed vessel: another is white; the first is seldom met with, and is
-the strongest of any; the flower is of the shape of the Toorhee,
-(a wind instrument, a trumpet.) It is hot, heavy, and promotes
-appetite, but produces vomiting; useful in disorders of phlegm,
-poison, itch, worms, and nausea; clears the complexion, cures fevers,
-Juzam, boils, and eruptions, as also many other disorders. It is a
-very active poison; its corrector is cotton, leaf for leaf, seed for
-seed, flower for flower; its nut is to be chosen in preference for
-medical use. If the root of the black Dhatura be kept in the house,
-it will be productive of both good luck and a good name; if it be
-dried in the shade, and taken in conjee to the quantity of 9 mashas,
-all white hair will fall from the head and black hair grow in its
-place. If the root be dried and pounded to the quantity of 160 direms,
-and mixed with 80 direms of cow's ghee, and placing it on the fire in
-a new vessel, form it into the consistence of sweetmeats, then tying
-up the mouth of the vessel close, place it for 40 days among paddy,
-at the expiration of which time, let the person bathe and give alms
-to the poor; and let him take out the preparation, and eat as much as
-he can take up between two fingers, daily for 40 days, fasting; and
-nothing used as food except rice and milk, abstaining from all acids;
-lost strength will be restored, youth renovated, the hair never will
-become white, and it will prove aphrodisiac.
-
-If the black Dhatura be bruised and mixed with goat's milk and sugar,
-and boiled, it will cure barrenness in women.
-
-If the flowers of the black Dhatura be bruised, mixed with honey or
-cow's ghee, and a little of your own blood added, and this used as a
-Tilak, or ornament on the forehead betwixt the eyes, whoever sees it
-will become your slave, be it man or woman. If a woman so uses it,
-her husband will never forsake her!!
-
-466 Dhunia.--"Coriandrum Sativum, W. Dhanyaca, S." Astringent,
-during digestion sweet, cool, dry, and moist in an equal degree;
-light, diuretic, carminative, and cardiac; increases appetite,
-cures disorders of wind, bile, phlegm, and blood. It is vermifuge,
-and useful in difficulty of breathing, cough, thirst, and piles;
-it lessens the seminal secretion.
-
-467 Dhak.--A name for Palass, "Butea Frondosa."
-
-468 Dholkudum.--A kind of Cudum.
-
-469 Dhumaha.--A creeping plant, growing near the water, covered with
-thorns like the Jawassa, extending even to its flowers. It is small and
-green before it flowers, like the nightshade. In the Dhuntori, it is
-said to be pungent and astringent, useful in vertigo, chronic fever,
-and disorders from poison. In dropsy, vomiting, seminal weakness,
-and delirium, it is beneficial. I have given it with those medicines
-which clear the blood, and I have found its effects to be like the
-Jawassa, some indeed call it a variety of this. It is said to be
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree, others have called it equal. Heated,
-bruised, and applied to indolent tumours, it will be of use.
-
-470 Dhaie..--Increases the three secretions; it is called by the
-physicians of India hot and moist, that of the cow is the best. It
-is astringent in its effects, restrains hemorrhage from piles, and
-the following R. is known by experience to be excellent.
-
-Take 1/2 a pow (4 ounces) of dhai, 4 1/2 mashas of moist rice,
-fried in the husk (Lahie), 2 mashas of dried ginger; stir the dhaie
-well till it becomes thin, add a little water, and then add to it the
-fried rice, bruise and pound the ginger, and sprinkle it in. This
-must be ate daily for a week, when it will so effectually stop the
-bleeding from piles, that it will not return.
-
-471 Dhanqie or Dhaoie; cool and of a bitter taste; light, allays
-thirst, is astringent, vermifuge, and antidote to poisons.
-
-472 Dhawnie.--A name for Perishtpirnee.
-
-473 Dheerukmola.--A name for Saalpurnie, deriving its name from the
-large size of its root.
-
-474 Dhendus.--It resembles the Quince, with a green rind; the people
-of India eat it, dressed with and without meat; it is preferable to the
-cuddoo; cool, beneficial in bilious disorders, and quick of digestion.
-
-475 Deodar called also Dodarie. The name of a tree; the wood of
-which bears the same name; it is resinous; hot and beneficial in wind,
-phlegm, costiveness, piles, and fever. "The Fir tree."
-
-476 Deomun.--A name for Mahumeed.
-
-477 Raab.--Treacle; it is heavy; strengthens the system; is diuretic;
-increases perspiration, and the three secretions.
-
-478 Raje Umber.--A fruit of India; sweet, cool, astringent, and useful
-in disorders of mucus and bile.
-
-479 Rassun..--Commonly called Raisun or Rowasun; a tree about the
-size of a Baer tree, or larger; it is a weak biennial plant, but
-grows rapidly when transplanted. Its leaves grow on both sides of
-a centre stem, like the Tamarind, and it is rather longer: the tree
-grows straight from the root. The author of the Topha has described it
-as a root, and says that the people of India call different medicines
-by the former names, but they are both the same, and it is the common
-kind that I have described. Its pod is like the Lobeia (bean.) The
-flower is outside yellow and inside red, with a tinge of yellow. Its
-leaves contract in the night and unfold in the morning. Some have
-called it sweet and cool, and have described many varieties of it,
-white, yellow, red, and grey; but I fancy the difference is merely
-confined to the color of the flowers; some have said that it diminishes
-strength. Its flowers are peculiarly beautiful. If its leaves are
-bruised and applied moist to swellings, it either resolves the tumour
-or hastens suppuration; it is bitter and heavy, cures disorders
-of wind and mucus, swellings of the body, difficulty of breathing,
-eruptions from suffusion of bile, itchiness in the stomach, dropsy,
-and increases the powers of digestion.
-
-480 Rajejakha. A medicine of India; astringent to the taste; dry,
-heavy, and astringent in its effects; increases wind and foecal
-evacuation; decreases appetite, and adds to the secretion of milk.
-
-481 Rajehuns.--A name for Pursewashan.
-
-482 Rai.--"Sinapis Ramosa, Roxb. sp. ch. Annual, erect, ramous siliques
-expanding, linear, vertically compressed, smooth; leaves petioled,
-lower lyred; superior, sublanceolate, (Roxb. MS.) Murray II. 398,
-Woodville III. 409." Cool, bitter, hot, and dry; beneficial in mucous
-disorders, itch, and Juzam; is vermifuge, stomachic, and increases
-diffusion of bile. A. Khirdul.
-
-483 Raang.--Stannum, Tagarum, Tam. Hot, dry, light, and soft;
-strengthens the eyes; is vermifuge; useful in marasmus, difficulty
-of breathing, and a deficiency of bile. A. Rusas.
-
-In the Maadentezerrubad, it is thus described: Raang is
-called in P. Kaley; cool in the 2nd degree, and moist in the 1st
-degree. Calcined, it is slightly cool and dry. If a piece of this Kaley
-be put into a pot with meat, you may boil it as long as you please,
-but the meat will not be properly boiled. The Kaley for internal use
-is calcined, the dose from one to two soorkh.
-
-483 Raal.--Bitter and astringent; cool, heavy, and inducing
-costiveness, cures Deojur, acne, boils, eruptions, fever,
-and cracks in the thickened cuticle of the feet; and it lessens
-perspiration. A. Kaar, also Kikahur. It is said also, that if put
-into a pipe with tobacco, and one whiff taken the 1st day, two the
-second, three the third, and so on, it will be found very useful in
-ulceration of the lungs. Maadentezerrubad.
-
-484 Ramputtrie.--"Maadentezerrubad." An Indian flower which I have not
-seen, but which I understand to be like the rose; its properties are,
-that if it is well rubbed with mercury, it will kill it, and both
-united form a black mass. More of its properties I know not.
-
-485 Rajeneemboophile.--The sweet lime; it is heavy, and useful in
-bilious disorders and wind. In my opinion it is a cool cardiac,
-and decreases heat and thirst.
-
-486 Raibele.--A name for Bael. The wild kind is called, Kynd.
-
-487 Rashna.--Bitter and slow of digestion; cures cough, wind,
-disorders of blood, and is an antidote to poison, dropsy, and mucus,
-and it promotes digestion. Its leaves, root, and branches are used
-in medicine.
-
-488 Rajdooree.--A name for Jewuntee.
-
-489 Raje Ummur.--A name for Umbarie Burrur. It is cool, sweet, and
-astringent, cures some affections of the mouth and phlegm.
-
-490 Rasie.--A name for Rudd.
-
-491 Ruttunjooth.--A medicine of India. Its leaves are green, and its
-branches red and yellow; if its branches be bruised in sweet oil,
-and applied to the head, it will cure Tinea Capitis. Its name is also
-Abookhoolsa. P. Cheojoora. It is a native of the hills; it is also
-said to relieve weakness of sight by causing a copious flow of tears,
-when externally applied.
-
-492 Rattaloo also Runtaloo. A culinary root, common in India; sweet and
-pleasant to the taste, cool and slow of digestion; removes oppression
-on the spirits, bile, and general heat. It increases semen, strengthens
-the system, and adds to the bulk of the solids. "Dioscorea."
-
-493 Ruttun.--A name of Jwher. Ruttun (the word) used by itself means
-Almass; but all compounds obtain the name of Jawher; it possesses
-all the six properties.
-
-494 Rudd.--A name of Rassie. It is cool and heavy; strengthens the
-body; removes disorders of wind and mucus, increases semen, and during
-digestion is pungent and sweet.
-
-495 Roodwunti.--A plant very generally useful.
-
-When the Pookhnichittur shall happen on a Sunday, take the root,
-leaves, flowers, and branches, taking care that your shadow does not
-reach them; leave them five nights in the dew, and then dry them
-in the shade. Four mashas ate with sugar and honey daily, will be
-found aphrodisiac. If it be washed for 21 days in the juice of the
-plantain tree, then bruised and washed in the juice of the Moondie,
-sugar taken and boiled in the juice of the plantain tree, and a little
-of the Roodwunti added to it, then adding cloves and cardamoms one
-tolah each, musk and camphor each 1/2 tolah, and the whole made up
-into balls of a tolah each, and one eaten daily in boiled milk, it
-will be found aphrodisiac. If it is taken simply, mixed with sugar,
-it will have an aphrodisiac property.
-
-
-Another account.
-
-Of the Roodwunti there are four kinds, black, white, red, and yellow,
-male and female; the female is distinguished by some of its leaves
-dropping water. It grows in a moist or watery soil, near Gwallior;
-it is green, and its leaves and branches resemble gram. The leaves
-of the male kind are said to transmute metals, and are considered
-very valuable on that account. If one part of this, half a part of
-Tirphilla, one-fourth part of Tircoota, and the bulk of the whole
-of sugar be bruised and sifted, and as much ate with cow's milk,
-as may be held in the palm of the hand, it will cure all disorders
-to which the human frame is subject, and transmute old age into
-youth. Maadentezerrubad.
-
-If the leaves are rubbed on silver, and that put into the fire, it
-will become yellow; if the leaves are thrown into melted tin, it will
-assume the appearance of gold. If mercury be put into the juice of its
-leaves and well stirred about, then boiled in milk or vinegar, it will
-become yellow. If the green leaves be dried, pounded, and taken to the
-quantity of 9 masha for 14 days, the hair will never become white. If
-one direm of this and 14 direms of honey, with 10 direms of cow's ghee,
-be well stirred up together and taken every morning, the body will
-become strengthened, and the hair remain black. Two direms ate with
-sugar, will increase appetite, and cure seminal weakness and pains
-in the bowels. If its leaves are used as a cephalic, it will remove
-the effects of poisons. Some call it Roowunti; it is hot and dry.
-
-495' Roodraz.--Commonly used in India for making beads which are much
-esteemed. It is bitter, pungent, hot, and vermifuge; rectifies an
-overflow of blood or a suffusion of bile in the blood; cures mucous
-affections and head-aches. Is useful in disorders of children, and
-is an antidote to poisons.
-
-496 Ruswut.--"An extract from the root of the Amomum Anthorhizum,
-Roxb." Bitter and pungent; hot; beneficial in mucous disorders,
-affections of the mouth, eyes, boils, and eruptions. In
-A. Huzzood. "Mixed with equal parts of alum and opium, rubbed up
-together with a little water, it is perhaps the best application in
-ophthalmia ever used, applied all round the eye." Trans.
-
-497 Russ.--In P. called Sheera. When written singly, it means the
-juice of the sugar-cane. It is moist, aperient, and promotes digestion,
-and removes flatulence.
-
-498 Rusunjeen.--A name for Ruswut.
-
-499 Russ Kapoor.--"An oximuriate of mercury." A medicine of India,
-resembling the Sumbulkhar; hot and dry in the 3rd degree. It is
-a poison, but is very useful in Lues Venerea; it affects the gums,
-loosens the teeth, and debilitates the stomach. Its corrector is milk
-and butter; its succedan is Darshkina: the dose one soorkh.
-
-500 Rekhbuk or Rekhbukh, or Rekhba. The title given to any medicine
-that promotes digestion. It is cool, strengthens the system, increases
-semen and mucus, cures disorders of bile and blood, heat at stomach,
-emaciation, wind, and hectic fever; it increases mucus.
-
-501 Recktaal or Rukitkund, a kind of Pndaloo.
-
-502 Ruckitchunden. Pterocarpus Santalinus, W.
-
-Racta Chundana, San. A name for real Sanders wood. Sweet, bitter,
-cool, heavy; it strengthens eye-sight, induces costiveness; creates
-nausea, cures thirst, disorders of the blood, bile, fevers, and boils
-or other eruptions.
-
-503 Rukitsal.--Red rice. A kind of Santi; it is light and is very
-beneficial; increases strength, clears the complexion, removes
-disorders of the three secretions; is diuretic, clears the voice,
-increases semen and wind, and removes general heat.
-
-504 Rukitphoop.--A variety of the Kanar; some say it is a kind of
-the Biscopra; it is called by both names.
-
-505 Rungni.--Pungent and hot; destroys appetite; cures cough, asthma,
-mucus, and fever from mucus and wind. The white Rungni is pungent
-and hot; increases eye-sight; consolidates (amalgamates) mercury;
-promotes appetite, loosens phlegm and wind.
-
-506 Rungtirra.--Called also Sungtirra. It derives its name from the
-Emperor Allam Gheer the 2nd, because he used it as a medicine; and
-because no name of a stone can ever be mentioned in the presence of
-the Emperor, instead of Sungtirra it was therefore called Rungtirra.
-
-507 Rawasun.--A name of Rasun.
-
-508 Rohoo.--A name for Shobooth. It is slightly astringent, and in
-a small degree increases bile; also gives general strength. I have
-found it beneficial as an aphrodisiac in strengthening the system
-and increasing semen; but I have observed that if it does not digest
-easily it weakens the stomach and produces much mucus; its corrector
-is ginger, honey, or other medicines of a hot and dry quality.
-
-509 Roohus.--Vide Kundhul.
-
-510 Roopa.--Called also Roopuk. (Silver.) Astringent, moist, cool,
-aperient, cardiac, and stomachic. It augments the strength of youth,
-and preserves meat from becoming putrid; decreases fat, strengthens
-the brain and bones, and thickens semen, decreases corpulency,
-and cures disorders of wind and bile. It forms an ingredient in all
-famous recipes. Its calx is called Roopruss, and it is more powerful
-than any other. Ranga resembled it in its properties, also Gold.
-
-511 Rooi.--When very old, if stuffed into the nose, it promotes the
-discharge of every thing offensive from the brain. It also cures
-disorders in the head, the consequence of indigestion, as also
-hemicrania. A. Kotun (Cotton.)
-
-512 Romus or Mudwal. A name of Bindaloo.
-
-513 Rohni.--Of two kinds, both astringent and cool; beneficial in worms
-in the stomach, and affections of the throat, which it also clears.
-
-514 Roheera.--A medicine of India; laxative; useful in wind, Badgola,
-affections of the liver and spleen, and in dropsy.
-
-515 Rahusphill.--A kind of Mowa.
-
-516 Reewudj.--The name of a shrub, cool and useful in suppression of
-urine, general heat, disorders of the three secretions, and blood;
-its tree is astringent and hot; cures disorders of the mouth, and
-is an antidote to poisons; it is vermifuge, cures itches, boils,
-and wounds, and disorders of the blood and mucus. It prevents the
-effects of evil-eyes, or demoniacal possession.
-
-517 Reech.--The Bear. Its taste is sweet, cool, and heavy; it is
-aphrodisiac, and removes affections from wind. P. Khirs.
-
-518 Reenga.--The fruit of the Sumhaloo; produces appetite, clears
-the uterus after parturition; increases knowledge and bile.
-
-519 Reetha.--"Sapindus Saponaria. The soap-nut, soap-wort." Hot,
-and useful in disorders of the three secretions, and in blood. This
-however does not coincide with the result of my experience, but I
-have found it useful in cases of hemicrania, as a cephalic used in the
-opposite nostril: prevents demoniacal possession. A. Bunduck Hindui.
-
-520 Rewind.--"Rheum Palmatum. Rhubarb." Laxative, stomachic, and
-astringent; and if taken after meals with rose water, it promotes
-digestion and strengthens the bowels. It removes mucus from the
-pylorus.
-
-521 Zeera.--"Cuminum Cyminum, W. Jiraca, S. Cumin seed." Hot and dry;
-light, stomachic, astringent; increases knowledge, clears the uterus;
-and of use in disorders of that viscus; it relieves flatulence,
-Badgola, and vomiting.
-
-522 Zeerki.--A name for Zuerishk.
-
-523 Zachmeheath.--A small shrub, growing close on the ground, covering
-it with its foliage; it is found by the side of fields of water; it
-is of two kinds, the leaf of one small and thin, those of the other
-broad and thick. The first kind is excellent in the cure of piles:
-thus, dried in the shade, pounded, sifted, and taken every morning in
-the quantity of a palmful with water, for fourteen days; and every
-night at bed-time, taking 12 mashas of Knd Sia, and during its use
-abstaining from all acids, or other things, which may produce wind.
-
-524 Zerki.--A name of pepper, called also Kla Dana.
-
-525 Zumiekund.--A name for Soorn.
-
-526 Sanbir.--A name for Sembile.
-
-527 Saarba.--A medicine of India, of two kinds, both sweet, moist,
-and heavy; produces semen, and is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind,
-bile, mucus, menorrhagia, and colliquative diarrhoea in fever.
-
-528 Saramill or Sarumluk, or Saral.--The author of the Dara Shekoi
-has described this as a medicine of India, and in other works that I
-have consulted, it is called Sangterra. In taste it is astringent, and
-heavy; beneficial in disorders of wind; and increases mucus and bile.
-
-529 Saluk or Salook.--A flower, q. vide.
-
-530 Sagown or Saag.--A tree of the hills of Hindostan: the upper
-surface of the leaves is hard and raised like a file. Some say that
-this is the Pheelgosh (Elephant's ear), from its resemblance to the
-ear of the Elephant; it is cool, and useful in disorders of wind and
-blood. "Tectona grandis."
-
-531 Saalpernie or Saloom.--A medicine of India; heavy, cures fever,
-difficulty of breathing, and disorders of wind, bile, and mucus;
-it produces nausea, restrains diarrhoea, beneficial in dryness of
-the seven dhats, strengthens the system, is aphrodisiac, and forms
-an ingredient in all the favorite formul. In the Dhunterri it is
-written, that in its taste it is pungent; having small and green
-leaves, the seed-vessel about an inch long, seed small and numerous;
-curing chronic fevers, seminal weakness, and swelling of the body. It
-is said to be hot. "Hedysarum Gangeticum."
-
-532 Saalie.--A tree of the hills, of which elephants are very fond,
-and which soon brings them into good condition. It cures boils and
-eruptions, disorders of blood and mucus, and restrains diarrhoea. Its
-branches quickly take root by being planted, and when used as posts for
-the support of a roof, it quickly covers the whole with its foliage.
-
-533 Saaltie.--Commonly called Kaphoor Kutcherie; cool light,
-astringent; promotes digestion, cures cough and disorders of the
-blood. A species of Kachoor, having a pleasant smell like Camphor.
-
-534 Saaje.--A name for Serje, q. v.
-
-535 Sawang.--A culinary grain, used by the villagers; it is smaller
-than the Badjera, is smooth and pointed; it grows also wild, of a
-smaller size. It is cool and dry; useful in bilious disorders and
-mucus, and dries the seven d'hats.
-
-536 Saal.--Sweet to the taste and pungently sweet in digestion;
-cool, light, astringent; cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus,
-and preserves the health. There are other kinds of this, but this
-is the one to be preferred. One kind is red, called Rakitsal; it is
-nearly of the same nature, (a kind of rice).
-
-537 Salamookh.--A kind of rice like the former.
-
-538 Saro.--(Myna). Its meat is dry and moist in equal degrees;
-increases knowledge and appetite, strengthens the system, removes
-laxities of the bowels, useful in bruises and hurts, relieves cough,
-lessens mucus and hectic fever; it is called Sawur, and in A. Zerzore,
-P. Sharug.
-
-539 Sabur.--A kind of deer, whose skin is used in covering sheaths
-for swords, and by the lower classes and hunters as lining for their
-clothes. Its meat is sweet; in digestion it is cool, moist, and heavy;
-increases mucus, and cures disorders from diffusion of bile.
-
-540 Sarass.--A species of heron, "Ardea Antigone." A large bird, with
-a long neck and legs, of a lead color; the male lives always with his
-mate. Its flesh is cool, moist, and heavy; strengthens the system,
-decreases urine and fces, cures disorders of wind, blood and bile.
-
-541 Saamp.--The Snake. Its meat is moist and heavy, is vermifuge,
-and kills worms in the rectum; increases knowledge, strengthens the
-system. If the old skin when shed be bruised and applied to the eyes,
-it increases the strength of vision; and if burnt, and its ashes
-rubbed on parts where no hair grows, it will reproduce it. Snakes
-avoid its smell when burning, and if the whole skin be tied round
-the thigh of a woman in labor, it will facilitate the process. P. Mar.
-
-542 Saal.--The name of a common tree, the wood of which is generally
-useful. It is cool and astringent; cures disorders of wind, mucus,
-poisons, boils, eruptions, and is beneficial in burns. A. Saage.
-
-543 Satoon.--A name for Chitoor.
-
-544 Sip Kullie.--The Lizard. A. Saamaberus, P. Chillpus. It does
-not frequent those places where saffron is kept. If split open and
-applied to a part where a thorn or arrow may have entered deep,
-it will effect its extraction by suction.
-
-545 Soopearee.--"Areca Catechu." Astringent, cool, dry, and heavy;
-cures disorders of mucus and bile, increases appetite; removes
-bad taste in the mouth; when fresh it is very heavy and produces
-flatulence; is diaphoretic; injures appetite and eyesight, and causes
-a prolonged retention of semen.
-
-546 Subskun.--A name for Baraikund.
-
-547 Sutarie.--The juice of the Soopearee tree; it strengthens the
-teeth and stomach, contracts the vagina, and cures leucorrhoea;
-it is intoxicating.
-
-548 Setoopula.--A kind of sugar.
-
-549 Setawur,--also Setawurie or Shetawur, vide S.
-
-550 Sutputtrie.--A name for Roocha, vide R.
-
-551 Sutsar.--A kind of cucumber.
-
-552 Suteepulas.--A kind of Kutchoor.
-
-553 Soocherakhar.--The common Sedjee, (impure carb. of soda.) This
-name is given to the purer sorts. If 3 mashas be mixed with a cupful
-of dhaie, it is useful in cholicks. If mixed with lime juice, it is
-used to write on stone, and the stone placed on a slow fire as long
-as you can snap your fingers 100 times, and then taken off, when the
-writing will be found white and permanent. The physician Nouruddee
-has mentioned this to be the case.
-
-554 Sedarth.--Pungent and bitter, hot and dry; cures disorders of
-mucus, itch, Juzam, apth; is vermifuge, and promotes appetite,
-but causes diffusion of the bile in the blood, and its consequent
-disorders. The green leaves are heavy and cool. In my opinion they
-are hot, and obstruct the flow of urine, increase indigestion, and
-disorders of the three secretions. The above is a white kind of Sersom,
-the name taken from the Sanscrit.
-
-555 Sud Sohaung.--The name of a red flower in India; its leaves
-three-cornered, serrated; it is cool, and beneficial in disorders
-from poisons, bile, blood; in dropsy and nausea; 3 mashas of this
-bruised and taken with water is useful in gonorrhoea.
-
-556 Suda Khar.--A salt from a grass, very hot, and is used for
-cleansing lardaceous matter from sores; it increases the opening in
-boils, but decreases strength.
-
-557 Sudaphill or Sudeephill.--A name for Bale.
-
-558 Sudagolab.--A flower like the rose. Its tree is larger than the
-rose-bush, and its flower has a different smell; it is always in
-flower, from which circumstance it derives its name. I have not seen
-this noticed in any other work of India, but it is probably the Koocha:
-q. v.
-
-559 Surphoka.--A plant of India, about a yard in height or sometimes
-more. It is very common; it is also called Joojer, and is a kind of
-Chirchirra Soorkh. It is bitter, astringent, and light; cures disorders
-of the liver and spleen, boils and eruptions, and cough; is an antidote
-to poisons; useful in disorders of the blood, difficulty of breathing,
-and fever. I have found it very beneficial in clearing the blood,
-and useful in correcting bile, curing itch, lues, and other eruptions.
-
-560 Serje.--A name for Saaje. "Tectona grandis."
-
-561 Sooryalee.--A plant about 6 feet high. I have seen it in Hissar in
-abundance; it grows in the rains and spreads over the sides of houses,
-its stem is then about an inch in diameter; its branches also thin,
-and of a bright red colour; its flowers are beautiful, white and
-red; when ripe it in some degree resembles wheat; its flowers are
-crooked. It is aphrodisiac.
-
-562 Sirpund.--Aperient; cures general swellings, and disorders of
-wind and bile.
-
-563 Sericbans.--Useful in mucous disorders and affections of the eyes.
-
-564 Seriss.--"Mimosa Seris," called also Sereeka; a very large tree
-of India. Its flowers have a sweet smell, and are very beautiful; it
-is cool, cures boils and eruptions, poisons, aches, and swellings. If
-a decoction of the leaves be taken internally in ophthalmia, and the
-juice of the leaves dropped into the eye, it will be very useful, and
-this I have tried. The bark of the tree dried and pounded is excellent
-when sprinkled on foul ulcers, in which too it kills maggots. The smell
-of the flower is useful in head-aches and hemicrania, in cough and
-in jaundice. If the root of the white Seriss be kept in the mouth, it
-lengthens aphrodisia. Some have called this Layetoolatees. If the seeds
-be bruised with water, and this dropt into the eye, it will remove
-specks; the oil of the seed is also very effectual for this purpose.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Seriss is among the Indian physicians, hot and dry, and in the
-opinion of some cool and dry; it cures swellings and wind. If the
-bark of the stem, the bark of the root, with the flowers and seeds
-of each, 3 mashas, be bruised, sifted, and mixed with cow's urine,
-and taken thrice a day, it will cure the bite of a snake, and for
-one whole year no reptile will injure you. The bark of an aged
-tree is the best. When the sun shall be in the division Joura,
-if daily for three days, 6 mashas of the bark be taken in congee,
-it will render the person invulnerable to the bite of any noxious
-reptile for a year. If the oil be extracted by heat from the seeds,
-and applied to the white spots of leprosy, it will cure them."
-
-565 Sirool.--Bitter, hot, and light; cures affections of the throat,
-ear, eye, and disorders of wind.
-
-566 Sirsom or Seerkup. P. Sirshuph.--In India this is used to produce
-a very common oil; it is hot, and increases disorders of the mouth,
-and decreases mucus and semen; expels wind; is vermifuge, and if
-much be taken it will injure the eyesight; if a woman uses it during
-the lochial discharge, it will increase her strength and improve her
-complexion. One kind of this is white, and is called Sedarth, q. v.
-
-"Sinapis Dichotoma, (Roxb. MS.) Sp. ch. dichotomous, siliques
-cylindric, smooth, spreading, bark straight and tapering, leaves
-stem-clasping; the lower somewhat lyred, superior ovate, lanceolate,
-entire, all are smooth, as are also stem and branches." Roxb.
-
-567 Soorunkitki.--A kind of Ketki, like the Sinobir. It has twelve
-leaves or more in the flower, its scent is sweet and soft. The
-plant flowers only once in 6 or 7 years; both kinds are sweet, cool,
-bitter, pungent, and light, and cure disorders of mucus. The juice
-of the Keora is also used for the same purpose, and mixed with it,
-is cardiac. The Ketki is a variety of Keora.
-
-568 Sirunmaki.--It is astringent, pungent, light, aphrodisiac and
-cardiac; cures Juzam, swellings of the body, piles, seminal weakness,
-pains in the urinary bladder, marasmus, disorders of the blood,
-and dropsy; is an antidote to poisons; cures hectic fever; clears
-the throat, and is an ingredient in all favorite formul.
-
-569 Seroopjeea.--A kind of Jeeaphup.
-
-570 Seriepurnie.--A kind of Arnee, also called Gumbar.
-
-571 Seroopbudder.--A name also of Gumbar.
-
-572 Surwalla.--The name of a common shrub.
-
-573 Sussa.--A name for the hare. The meat is sweet, cool, and light;
-induces costiveness, increases appetite, cures difficulty of breathing
-and sunpat, removes dysentery, and is both a medicine and article
-of diet.
-
-574 Suffrie Amer.--The Guava, "Psidium pyriferum." Vide Anervade.
-
-575 Segund Philla.--A kind of date.
-
-576 Soogunass.--A name for Arloo.
-
-577 Sillajeet, also Silladeet, Styrax or Storax; a balsam, pungent,
-bitter, and stimulating, more pungent in digestion; hot, cures
-seminal weakness, piles from cold, Juzam, dropsy, marasmus, difficulty
-of breathing, tabes, idiotism, swellings of the body, disorders of
-mucus and blood. Is vermifuge, lithontriptic, and otherwise generally
-useful. It in one of the most powerful remedies; is stronger than
-any other ingredient in whatever formul it may form a part, and it
-increases the effects of all others; it is the favorite medicine of
-all Indian physicians.
-
-Sut Sillajeet is the strongest, for this means Sillajeet in a refined
-state. I have found it excellent in gonorrhoea, and for thickening
-the seminal fluid; also for strengthening the kidnies and urinary
-bladder. The mode of preparing it, is as follows:
-
-The Sillajeet is dissolved in water and placed in the sun in a new
-earthen vessel till it becomes thick, and its color assumes a reddish
-or yellowish hue; then it must be taken from the surface as much as
-is clean, and preserved in another new vessel; this too is placed
-in the sun, well protected from dust, till it becomes dry. This is
-the Sut Sillajeet, and what remains in the first vessel is again
-purified in the same manner for three different times, and each time
-the pure drug is dried as above. It is easily purified by fire, and
-more quickly; but this is much to be preferred. It is brought from
-the hills ready prepared.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Sillajeet is the urine of the hill wild goat, which when the
-animal is rutting, is discharged on the stones and evaporated by the
-sun's heat. It is found in small quantities, of a black color. It
-is hot in the 3rd, and dry in the 2nd degree. In the opinion of
-Indian physicians, it is useful in all kinds of seminal weakness, in
-swellings, in Juzam, epilepsy, diabetes, stone in the bladder, and in
-gravel. The Sillajeet is often mixed with lime, but the adulteration is
-discovered by the change of color. Some have said that it is the urine
-of the wild ass, found as above. The purified kind is the best. In
-Juzam, if ate for 40 days, it is a cure, and even in the last stages
-of the disease it is beneficial. It loosens wind and phlegm."
-
-578 Sillaruss.--Hot and moist; increases eyesight and semen, and
-cures Juzam and itch. A. Myasayela.
-
-579 Somooderphill.--A medicine of India, more black in color than
-the Hurr, of a square shape, and its corners of a red color; these,
-however, also become black from age; mixed with human milk and used as
-a cephalic, it will cause a discharge of all phlegm from the head. If
-mixed with the juice of the Gooma, it will cure hemicrania. The bark
-of the root is very efficacious in swellings of the hands and feet;
-and ate with salt and anise seed in warm water, it will be found
-excellent in pains of the bowels.
-
-Some have named this Hubbooneel, but how far this is correct I
-know not.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"Somoderphill is hot and dry; if introduced into the nose with goat's
-milk or urine, it will cure head-ache, hemicrania, suppressed mucus,
-&c. If mixed with goat's urine and applied to the eyes, it will cure
-night blindness, and removes opacities in the cornea. Mixed with human
-urine, it is both ate and applied to the nose in bites of snakes, and
-with sheep's urine or buffaloe's dung is applied to the pubis in the
-cure of diabetes; mixed with turmeric, it is an useful application to
-the spots of white leprosy; with sugar, ate for the cure of seminal
-weakness; with aniseed, in pains of the bowels; with cow's urine,
-in hiccup; with dhaie, as an astringent; with ginger, in rheumatism;
-with human urine, in black jaundice; with cow's urine, in mesenteric
-obstructions of children; and for those who are dull of hearing,
-mixed with Bhangra or honey, as an application to the inside of the
-ear. In restrained or obstructed lochia, or retention of the placenta,
-with asafoetida; and with cloves and sugar, in intermittent fever."
-
-580 Somooder Phane.--Sponge.
-
-581 Somooder Lone.--Murias Sod. The sea salt; it is sweet and bitter,
-hot and cool, in equal degrees; tonic, anthelmintic, purgative;
-promotes appetite and digestion, cures disorders of wind, and corrects
-irregularities of bile and mucus.
-
-582 Somoodersake.--Convolvulus Argenteus, also Ruttunmala.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-"A seed like the mustard; black and aperient, cool and moist, in the
-1st degree; is aphrodisiac; strengthens the stomach, removes heat
-of urine, gonorrhoea, thinness of semen, the secretion of which it
-thickens and increases. It is astringent, and produces flatulence. Its
-corrector is sugar; its succed. Sireyara: dose six mashas."
-
-583 Sungtirra.--The author of the Ayeen Akberry calls it Sontirra. A
-fruit of India of great esteem; it is of a yellowish red color, in
-shape like the apple, but larger. Its rind is fine, soft, and smooth,
-like the Sylhet orange, which it in all respects much resembles. It
-is large, sweet, and acid. There are different names for the different
-kinds of oranges, but this is the largest and best. It is in my opinion
-cool, cardiac, drying; allays heat and thirst, and prevents the ill
-effects of wind, loosens phlegm and bile, strengthens the stomach;
-is very grateful when ate with sugar; and its acid is less hurtful
-than many others. I have known a man of a bilious temperament, who
-told me that he always found relief from the use of this orange. The
-emperor was in the habit of eating it in Pilaus, when sweetened with
-sugar and rose-water, and thus used, he called it Rahut Jahn. It
-is thus rendered more cooling and more grateful to the taste. He
-also ate it when cooled in ice, and found it useful in giving tone
-to the stomach. The people of India use it with their food. If ate
-after having been sprinkled with a little salt, its acid will have
-less effect on the teeth, mouth, and throat; this however, can only
-be necessary when unripe or not of the best kind. "Many more trivial
-properties are ascribed to this orange in the original, which would
-only be waste of time and paper to record."--Trans. It is said to be
-hurtful in coughs, and colds.
-
-584 Singhara.--"Trapa natuns." "Trapa Bispinosa." A common triangular
-water-nut, like the hermodactyls; it is the produce of ponds or
-reservoirs of water. When green and unripe, it is pleasantest to the
-taste; when ripe, it becomes hard, and when dried, more so; it is
-much employed in aphrodisiac formul. It is sweet, cool, and heavy;
-cures bilious disorders, and those of blood; removes heat of the body,
-restrains laxities in the bowels, and increases semen. It is generally
-liked and universally eaten.
-
-585 Sindoorie.--A name for Sud Sohgun.
-
-586 Sunkaholie.--A small plant, with very thin branches like common
-grass; its leaves are very small; it is a creeper on the ground;
-its flower white and small, and looks very beautiful in the evenings
-or in moonlight nights. It is astringent, hot, and moist; aperient
-and aphrodisiac; increases memory, understanding, and perception,
-and likewise discrimination; cures seminal weakness, and forms an
-ingredient in all favorite formul; cures gonorrhoea; and I have
-often used the bark of its root as an aphrodisiac and for increasing
-the consistence of semen. Some have called this Soorch.
-
-587 Sunn.--"Crotalaria Juncea." A plant, the bark of which is used as
-hemp; it is usually sown around cotton fields. It is of two kinds,
-the second called Rasni. It is pungent and acid, and its leaves are
-used as a culinary vegetable; it is cool, heavy, and astringent. Its
-flower is used as an astringent in lochial discharge.
-
-588 Sunkh.--A white shell of a very large size; cool, light;
-strengthens the eye-sight, cures mucous disorders, and those of bile
-and blood. A. Hulzoom. There is a small kind called Cowrie; if this
-be burnt and calcined, it will quickly dry up sores by being sprinkled
-over them.
-
-589 Sebaloo.--or Sebalie, or Nindee, see N. Vitex Trifolia.
-
-590 Sindoor.--The red oxide of lead, used externally. "Sindoora,
-S." Hot; cures acne and Juzam, and disorders of poison, boils, and
-eruptions; clears wounds; promotes the junction of broken bones. The
-ointment of this is very excellent in sores. The receipt is to be
-found in many other works.
-
-591 Soomboolkhar.--"The white Oxide of Arsenic." It is white and like
-alum in color; it ought to be chosen thus: when rubbed on a crow's
-feather and put over the fire, if it does not smoke, and the feather
-becomes white, it is good. A. Toorabalhalik. There are six kinds of
-this, one named Sunkia, the third Godunta, the fourth Darma, the fifth
-Huldia; but each will be noticed under its own proper head. The Yunani
-physicians do not allow this to form a part of their prescriptions,
-as they believe it destroys the vital principle; and such medicines as
-are deleterious in their effects, such as opium, they always exhibit
-with correctors, for this reason such remedies are seldom noticed or
-used by them. The physicians of India, on the contrary, find these
-drugs more effectual in many disorders than others of less power,
-and such the calx of metals. For this reason too, I am in the habit
-of seldom giving these remedies internally, but I usually confine
-my use of them to external application, and as aphrodisiacs, which
-I prescribe to a few friends, who may have derived no benefit from
-Yunani prescriptions. It is better, however, to use as few of them
-as possible. The sixth kind is Hurtaal.
-
-592 Sunkia.--A kind of arsenic.
-
-593 Sunkhal.--A species of Bindaloo.
-
-594 Sungjerahut.--It obtains its name from being useful in
-wounds. Throughout India it is also known by the name of Sungderaz. It
-is a stone of very soft consistence; cool and light; beneficial in
-fever, bile, asthma, pains in the chest, flatulence, and laxities
-in the bowels; and when used in ointment, dries up ulcerated
-parts, removes pain, and acts as an absorbent in the stomach and
-bowels. I have found it by experience to be extremely useful in the
-before-mentioned complaints, also in diarrhoea; in Hindostan it is
-called Surkoola.
-
-595 Sungjoothka.--A name for Jui; having a white flower.
-
-596 Soorinjoothka.--Also a name for the above; having a yellow flower.
-
-597 Sonamukie.--A name for Marka sheesha. "Marcasite stone."
-
-598 Sooroon.--A kind of Baharkund, called Zemeekund. A root, resembling
-a turtle, used in India as pickles; it is dressed with meat, and also
-used by itself; it is dry, light, and stomachic; useful in disorders
-of phlegm and piles; it produces eruptions from diffusion of bile,
-and some have called it difficult of digestion. Those who are in a
-reduced state, or have weak stomachs, had better not eat more than
-20 direms. To my knowledge, it is much used in piles; it is said to
-be beneficial in cholics and pains in the bowels. It increases bile;
-and is hurtful in disorders of blood; it is also injurious to the
-throat. Its correctors are fresh dhaie, and being parboiled in water
-and the water changed. It may also be corrected by being boiled with
-tamarind or anula leaves. Enclosed in clay and roasted in an oven,
-the outer rind pulled off, it will be found less hurtful; in any
-other manner it irritates the throat. If used in powder, it must
-be skinned and dried in the shade; one kind of it is white inside,
-and of a purple color externally. A third is white on both sides;
-the former is the strongest: it is also named Soorunsona.
-
-599 Soombullie.--Pungent and bitter, cures disorders of wind and mucus,
-and is an ingredient in favorite formul.
-
-600 Soos.--"The Porpus Delphinus." Its flesh is moist
-and heavy, cures disorders of wind, and increases semen and
-mucus. P. Khookmai. A. Delphine. The author of the Echtyarat has
-described this as a large fish of a black color, with a head like
-that of the hog.
-
-601 Suer.--See Kual.
-
-602 Suwa.--Its flesh is cool, dry, light, and astringents; useful in
-bruises; cures phlegm, cough, and hectic fever. A. Begha.
-
-603 Soopee.--Any kind of fried pea, deprived of its shell.
-
-604 Sona.--A precious metal; cool, heavy, and aphrodisiac; beneficial
-as an antidote to poisons, and in repressing the three secretions;
-used in mania, fever, and dryness; clears the complexion, and is
-an ingredient in all favorite formul. When prepared for use, it is
-called Mirganick.
-
-605 Somph.--"Aniseed, Pimpinella Anisum." One kind of it is called
-Seethka, the other Sowa; the former means the largest kind; both are
-bitter, sweet, hot, and light; improves appetite; cure affections of
-wind and mucus; useful in cholic, boils, eruptions, and all disorders
-of the eyes, and increases bile. One kind, the latter, is used for
-disorders of females. A. Razeena. P. Valanbuzury.
-
-606 Sonth.--"Amomum Zingiber." The dried root; moist and light; sweet
-during digestion, and hot; promotes appetite and digestion; allays
-vomiting, cures difficulty of breathing, cough, itch, affections
-of the heart, swellings of the scrotum, and swellings in general;
-rheumatic pains in the joints, pains of the urinary bladder, piles,
-and flatulence, and clears the voice. Pills made of Sonth are very
-generally beneficial, and the result of my experience I have published
-at full in my other works.
-
-607 Sowa.--A. Shibbet. P. Wallankhoord. Hot, dry, and aperient;
-its smell soporific; its leaves hurtful to the stomach. The seed
-Dill. Anethum Sowa, Roxb.
-
-608 Soonchur.--A name for the salt Soonchur, also Soonchill.
-
-609 Soorjemooki.--A name for Adittbaqut. "Helianthus Annuus."
-
-610 Sooderie.--Its smell is strong and penetrating, like an animal
-in the rutting season; pungent and hot; beneficial in wind and fever,
-and clears the voice; the black kind is used in various formul.
-
-611 Soubustanee.--A name for Valanchoord.
-
-612 Sooe Junglie.--A name for Pitpapra.
-
-613 Soonkullie.--A shrub hurtful to animals.
-
-614 Sowall.--A name for Thaleeb. Cool; improves the color of the skin;
-cures remittents, and a little of it introduced into the parts of
-both sexes, useful in gonorrhoea.
-
-615 Soorudjjhall--A name for Lootooperie.
-
-616 Sohora.--Cures affections of blood and mucus, and restrains
-laxities of the bowels.
-
-617 Sahunserbede.--A soft stone, of a dark-red color; cool and dry in
-the second degree; used by Indian physicians in disorders of blood,
-in laxatives from indigestion, acne, boils, psora, and infantile
-eruptions; given with milk or butter to the quantity from two to
-four soorkhs.
-
-618 Sohunjena.--or Sahinjena, or Sajena, or Sekir. "Hyperanthera
-morunga, W. Sobhanjana, S. Guilandina moringa. The root of the tree
-scraped exactly resembles horse-radish, and is used as such in all
-parts of India. It is a rubifacient, and useful as a stimulant." A
-tree common in India; hot and light; useful in disorders of the eyes;
-creates appetite; restrains diarrhoea, cures disorders of wind,
-mucus, acne, and swellings of the body, affections of the spleen,
-boils, and eruptions, and cleanses the blood. It is of three kinds;
-the second kind, which is red, is said to be aperient and astringent;
-in other properties the same. Its flower is heavy and astringent;
-cures disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and increases the
-wind. The people of India use its flowers as a pickle in oil, and my
-father used to recommend this pickle to those of a cold temperament,
-but it is prejudicial to the eyes; it is thus prepared:
-
-The flowers are put into water for a day, and washed; a little
-mustard seed added, and the whole put into serson oil. This pickle
-is less hot than the plant. Pickle made from the root, removes wind;
-the leaves bruised and applied to ulcers, cleans and heals them.
-
-619 Sahidei.--A plant about half a yard in height; its leaves like
-the Toolsi, cool and moist; useful in suppressed wind, fever, pains in
-the limbs, swellings of the throat; its use increases the complexion
-and volume of blood. It is used for killing mercury.
-
-620 Sohaga.--A name for Tunkhar.
-
-621 Sembill.--"Bombax Heptaphyllum. Silk-cotton Tree." A large tree
-of India; its leaves like the Jamin, but broader and more long, about
-half the breadth of the peepul and twice the length; in thickness,
-color, and mark, the same. Its flowers resemble the Bukaen when small,
-but when more advanced, it becomes more like the goolur, and when full
-grown, the flowers are as large as a large lime. It then spreads and
-becomes red; after this it again closes; the flower then falls, and
-leaves the seed vessel. The capsule is twice as large as that of the
-Mudar, and when ripe, is filled with cotton. I have ate of the flower
-when at its middle growth, and found it pleasant to the taste, but it
-produces flatulence. It is cool and aphrodisiac; induces corpulence;
-is astringent, and cures boils and eruptions, Juzam, and disorders
-of the blood and bile: some call its gum Moocherus, the author of
-the Topha for instance; but Moocherus is the gum or flower of the
-Phoopul tree. In the opinion of the physicians of India, the Sembill
-is a powerful medicine as an aphrodisiac. If the juice of the root
-be made into sherbet with equal part of sugar, it will increase age
-by restoring the vital energy, increase understanding and semen;
-the larger and older the tree, and the thicker the root, the greater
-its strength as a medicine. The small roots are cut into slices,
-dried on a rope, and sold; in this state, it resembles Bhamun Soorkh.
-
-Ascetics have said, that the perpendicular root of a large full
-grown Sembill tree, cut in pieces, dried and reduced to a powder
-is powerfully aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 4 direms daily. I
-have taken this powder to the quantity of one tolah with sugar, and
-have also prescribed it with advantage; it strengthens the stomach,
-and is gently laxative. If given with honey, I conceive that its
-virtues will be increased. The author of the celebrated work Ahmed
-Ben Shirazee has told the following story, which I shall relate as
-nearly as may be in his own words. "I was," says he, "on a journey,
-when coming to a village in India, and being very thirsty, I met an
-old man from whom I requested water to drink; I observed that this old
-man had a peculiarly healthy appearance, and seemed plump and stout;
-he had a young woman with him, whom he sent to his house for water,
-and who brought it me to drink. I then asked him whether that young
-girl was his daughter; he laughing answered that she was his wife,
-and that he had three others equally young. I was somewhat surprised
-at this, and asked him if this was not too many for him; he replied
-no! More and more astonished, I asked him if this was really the case;
-he avowed it to be so. I then questioned him how he came to be endowed
-with so much strength, and how old he was; he told me that his age
-was 110 years, and related the following facts: That when 50 years'
-old he had already become aged and feeble, and was so much decayed in
-constitution, that he seldom rose from his bed, and when he did so,
-was obliged to support himself on a crutch. That a fakeer passing that
-way observed his feeble state, and feeling compassion for his helpless
-situation, asked him what ailed him: he replied, nothing; but that old
-age had come upon him. The fakeer then gave him a medicine which he
-had taken ever since, with an injunction to abstain from all acids:
-this he had done, and that the effect was such as I saw. He likewise
-told me that he had a son nearly 80 years of age, who had also used
-the fakeer's prescription, and who was much stouter and more healthy
-in every respect than he.
-
-"Astonished at this relation, I procured the receipt, and thus hand
-it down to posterity.
-
-"Take the white roots of a full grown, healthy Sembill tree, which
-is soft; cut them in pieces, dry them in the shade, and reduce them
-to a powder: sift it very fine, with equal parts of sugar, and over
-the fire, form it into an electuary: of this 5 direms are to be eaten
-daily, and no acid to be used.
-
-"To this the old man swore, and brought his son and introduced him to
-me to prove the truth of his story. The son corroborated the assertion
-of his father, and added that he had ate the remedy only two years,
-when he became as he then was; certain it is, he had not a grey hair
-in his head."
-
-622 Semb.--also Sme. A common creeper; its leaves very green and
-small, broad in the centre and pointed: a smaller leaf rising from
-the same part of the stem; its flower is small and of a yellowish
-color. Its seed is like the pistachio nut, but more broad and longer
-in some degree, like the stone of the tamarind; it is called Bkl
-Hindui; it is cool, astringent, flatulent, and from its astringency
-strengthens the stomach; is aphrodisiac; cures bilious disorders;
-increases mucus, and the Hindoos have recommended it for the cure of
-wind; but in this I do not concur, as it is rather apt to produce
-wind; they are however in the habit of recommending all medicines
-that procure a discharge of flatus. One kind is called Golesemb,
-also called Krishnphilla; its seed is larger and longer than the one
-now described; it is hot, and cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.
-
-623 Sehoond.--A prickly plant, growing wild. A. Zakoom. It is so
-called, but the seed of the Zakoom is said to be like the Hurr,
-whereas the Sehoond has no seed; it is pungent, heavy, laxative;
-increases appetite, cures dropsy; is an antidote to poison, useful in
-affections of the spleen, Juzam, idiotism, marasmus, and itchiness
-of the bowels, flatulent swellings, badgola, swellings in general,
-and is lithontriptic. The best kind is red or of a rose color; its
-milk is also red, but if put on a cloth it becomes white. All kinds
-of it are used in transmutation of metals. There are several kinds in
-use for various purposes, the juice is an ingredient in many formul.
-
-624 Sisoo or Sishum, and another kind called Rusispa. It is a very
-common tree of Hindostan, large like the Jamin, and its wood is durable
-and excellent; it is not readily attacked by insects nor liable to
-decay. If cut down when the moon is in the wane, no insect will ever
-touch it; its leaves are small and round, a little inclining to oval,
-with very little point, like the leaf of the Semb. Its seed-vessel
-is light, and contains only two or three seeds; it is about half an
-inch long; both kinds of the tree are hot, and reduce corpulency. It
-also causes abortions; cures Juzam and white leprosy; is vermifuge;
-removes pains in the urinary bladder; useful in boils, eruptions, heat
-of body, disorders of the blood and mucus, and allays vomiting. It is
-particularly useful in disorders of the blood and cuticular eruptions;
-this is a favorite wood among Europeans. It is also useful in Lues
-Venerea, and is thus used: one and half masha of the filings of the
-centre or dark-colored wood is boiled in 3/4 pound of water, till
-only one-half shall remain, then strain and drink with the following
-plain sherbet: the same quantity repeated in the evening, and every
-five or six days. The sherbet of Morukub mixed or drank with it. This
-must be repeated for 14, or 21, or 40 days.
-
-
-Receipt for the plain Sherbet.
-
-Filings of the wood, a pound, infused in 12 lbs. of river water,
-for 24 hours, then boiled, and when half is evaporated, strain and
-add to it 3 rittals of sugar (23 ounces), and preserve for use. Six
-tolahs to be taken morning and evening, with the decoction above
-specified. If this is required of additional strength, four tolahs
-of Pitpapra is to be added when the decoction is nearly complete.
-
-
-Receipt for the mixed Sherbet.
-
-When the above sherbet is nearly ready for use, add to it Soorinjan
-(Hermodactyls), Irkhir (Camel's hay), each three tolahs and 9 mashas,
-separately bruised, strained, and gradually mixed; when fully boiled
-add 10 tolahs of senna, and take it from the fire. If this is required
-of additional virtue for the cure of foulness of the blood and Lues
-Venerea, add four tolahs of the Pitpapra before the others are mixed
-with it. Ten tolahs of this in the morning is to be used as before
-specified. No food to be used during the cure, except kullia, pillau,
-and bread; no acid to be admitted, and no greens of any description,
-and the day on which the mixed sherbet is taken, even bread is not
-to be eaten. "Dalbergia Sissoo. Roxb."
-
-625 Sial "The Jackal." Its flesh strengthens the system,
-increases semen, cures disorders of wind and hectic
-fever. A. Ebnvee. P. Sheghal.
-
-626 Sendhi.--The juice of the date tree; this is less powerful than
-the tarrie; it is flatulent and aperient; induces corpulency, and
-is aphrodisiac.
-
-627 Sendh.--A kind of Kutcherie.
-
-628 Sealie.--The wild carrot, long and cone-shaped. A. Shakakul.
-
-629 Seenaki.--A name for Karoonus Soombul.
-
-630 Seenku.--A name for Shummie, vide Sh.
-
-631 Seotie vide Kurkooja. "Rosa glandulifera. Roxb."
-
-632 Seelidj.--A kind of Chreela, which grows in stony places or
-near water; it has a sweet smell; is bitter and cool, cures mucous
-and bilious disorders, heat, thirst, vomiting, and asthmas.
-
-633 Seep or Seepie. A name for Suduf (a shell). It is pungent, shining,
-and promotes digestion and appetite, strengthens the system, and is
-an antidote to poisons.
-
-634 Saeb.--A name for Tuffah. In Yunani works, the Indian kind is
-called Harara or Seoharara; it is cardiac, and its preserve is more so;
-it is aphrodisiac, and produces flatulence; when unripe it is acid
-and astringent, and hurtful, produces cough and decreases bile. Its
-corrector is salt.
-
-635 Seetaphill.--The common Shereefa, q. v.
-
-636 Singia or Singia Jur, (Aconite.) A root like Gentian, but a most
-deadly poison, and as such used by the Nepaulese. It is also called
-Singia Khar or Beechnak. It is described in several works as a most
-active poison, and not to be given by itself even in the smallest
-quantity. It is made up for internal use as follows:
-
-Take of quicksilver, Singia, Hurtaal (refined), chillies, sulphur
-(purified), Peepul, fine ginger, Hurrha, (large) Anula, borax
-(refined), Bahera, nutmeg, each a pice weight.
-
-Mix the quicksilver and sulphur together with a little of the juice
-of the Bhangra, then add the Hurtaal, rubbing them well, and add
-all the others, with more of the juice of the Bhangra, till 10 pint
-bottles or five seers shall be expended; this and these must be rubbed
-continually during 12 days, and till it acquires the consistence of a
-mass proper for pills. It is then to be made up into small pills of
-the size of a small pea each. These are given one for a dose, with
-the following vehicles, and in the cure of the following disorders;
-and during their exhibition, only simple food, and no acid to be used.
-
-
- With Kutkuleja leaves, in Vomiting, Cholera, &c.
- ,, Cow's urine, in the cure of Diarrhoea.
- ,, Toolsi leaves, Internal heat.
- ,, Lime juice, and applied to the eyes, Evil spirits depart.
- ,, Kusskuss water, in the cure of Bilious disorders.
- ,, Tirphilla and ginger, in Asthma.
- ,, Seed of Methi infusion, Dysentery.
- ,, Honey, Emaciation.
- ,, Ditto, to thicken Semen.
- ,, Butch, in the cure of Tooth-ache.
- ,, Pounded Kusskuss, Dropsy.
- ,, Nutmeg, Rheumatism from wind.
- ,, Onion Juice, Bites of snakes.
- ,, Infus. of Adjwain, Thirst.
- ,, [1]Juice of Kussownda, Wind.
- ,, Radish juice, Offensive breath.
- ,, [1]Soopearie juice, (rubbed,) Cholicks of children.
- ,, Gopie earth, Strangury.
- ,, Cow's Ghee, Bites of snakes.
- ,, Root of Semel tree, Every thing.
- ,, Old Goor, Internal heat.
- ,, [1]Eleachee, (Guzerathee,) Intermittents.
- ,, Mugrela and salt, Indigestion.
- ,, Doob grass, Diarrhoea.
- ,, Mace, externally in Night blindness.
- ,, Goonchee, in the cure of General Rheumatism.
- ,, Pith of Bela, Vertigo.
- ,, Water of burnt wheat, Sunpat.
-
-
-637 Shaldan.--A kind of rice, in virtue like the Saatie.
-
-638 Shalook.--The root of the Kawul flower, q. v.
-
-639 Shubbe.--Polyanthes Tuberosa. The name of a common flower, which
-has a strong scent in the night; it is of several kinds, white,
-yellow, red, and yellowish red. It is hot and dry in the second
-degree; three direms taken in water, is diuretic, and also useful
-in suppression of the menses. It expedites the delivery of the dead
-foetus and of the placenta. Its smell expels mucus from the brain
-and collections of wind. In those of a hot temperament it produces
-head-ache. Its corrector is oil of roses, vinegar, or its own oil;
-the latter is very beneficial both externally and internally used, and
-possesses all the beneficial properties attributed to the flower. An
-unguent composed of this, Akirkirrha, and Tokhur Unjeera, applied to
-the loins, is very beneficial in the two cases mentioned above, and
-is used both externally and internally in complaints of the uterus,
-also in rheumatism.
-
-640 Shutawur.--A name for the root of a tree in the jungles, of a
-prickly kind; its stem and branches are thin, with many smaller ones,
-about an inch or two inches long in the intervals. Its leaves are very
-thin and small, somewhat like the Fir tree. The tree itself grows to
-the height of 9 or 10 feet; its seed resembles the Anboo Saleb. It is
-sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; cures disorders of wind, mucus, bile,
-and blood, also swellings of the body. It is aphrodisiac; increases
-the secretion of milk, and is an ingredient in celebrated formul. For
-increasing the consistence of semen, and as an aphrodisiac, I have
-found its conserve and powder of great use. One kind of it is called
-Kalinta, another Maha Shutawuri; they are cool; cure piles and laxities
-from indigested food, disorders of the eyes; are cardiac, aphrodisiac,
-and increase knowledge.
-
-641 Shitawuballie.--A kind of sugar, which cures eruptions from
-diffused bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.
-
-642 Shereefa.--Called also Seetaphill. It is sweet and cardiac;
-increases semen and removes depression of spirits. If the kernel of the
-seed, in the quantity of one direm, and dhaie, half rittal, be bruised
-together and rubbed over the body, in cures of itch, left to dry, and
-the same repeated several times, the itch will be cured; this I have
-found to be the case; tried and found effectual. "Annona squamosa."
-
-643 Shuftaloo.--A common fruit of India. Its tree like the Aroo. It
-is heavy, slow of digestion, cool, but less so than the Aroo; when
-unripe it is sour. The best is sweet when ripe.
-
-644 Shukur Javan.--Cool; expels wind; strengthens the system; decreases
-bile, wind, and mucus. A. Toorunjabeen.
-
-645 Shukur Kund.--"Convolvulus Batatas." A common culinary root,
-sweet and a little hot, and heavy, aphrodisiac, increases semen,
-and strengthens the brain.
-
-646 Shumie.--Commonly called Seenkur; cool, light, and soft; cures
-difficulty of respiration, Juzam, piles, disorders of mucus. The
-dried fruit increases knowledge, causes bile, and the growth of hair.
-
-647 Shunphopee.--A kind of Baer; is emetic, and beneficial in disorders
-of mucus and bile.
-
-648 Shungirf.--The red sulphuret of mercury. A. Shingerf; sweet and
-bitter; useful in fever and mucus, also fever from excess of mucus,
-wind and bile. It is called also Ingoor.
-
-649 Sholie.--A name for wild turmeric; pungent, sweet, and bitter;
-increases appetite, but vitiates taste.
-
-650 Shora.--Nitras Potass. Nitrate of Potash. Yavakshara,
-S. A. Ubkur. Aperient; increases bile. In the Dhara Shekoi, it is said,
-that one dram of Shora, of the refined sort, pounded and enclosed in
-two plantains for a night, and given in affections of the spleen and
-Badgola, and repeated for three or four days, will cure the disease. If
-bruised and applied to piles, it will remove them. As a refrigerant and
-diuretic in gonorrhoea, I have found it very beneficial. It has been
-given in suppression of urine to the Emperor Akber, with great success.
-
-651 Shetoot.--A name for the mulberry.
-
-652 Shehut.--Also Shehud. A. Assil, "Honey." Vide Yunani works.
-
-653 Sheeta.--A kind of Doob grass.
-
-654 Sheesha.--Resembling Kaley in properties. A. Asserab.
-
-655 Sheeshum.--Also Seeshum.
-
-656 Sheobogun.--A name for Bael, from the word Mahadeo, who is called
-"Sheo," and Bogun, which signifies "ornament."
-
-657 Abbasie.--"Mirabilis Jalappa, W. Gul Abbas, H. The root is a
-mild and efficient purgative, equal, if not superior, to the common
-jalap." A very common shrub, used by Dr. McNabb, as a purgative;
-its flower is of a red color and very beautiful, and there are some
-yellow and white, and variegated; it grows about a yard high or even
-more; its leaves are triangular, and about two inches long. A pickle
-is made from the root, and the flower is dressed and eaten with
-meat. The leaves are suppurating. It is generally understood that
-the root, when old, is the Choobcheenee, but this is not the case,
-though it resembles it, or that kind called Kutai.
-
-658 Ghoghaie.--A bird called in A. Asphoor. It resembles the
-turtle-dove, and derives its name from the great noise it makes. It
-is also called Pukherie, but this is a general name for wild fowl.
-
-659 Gowreh.--All kinds of green fruit.
-
-660 Ghafis.--Hemp; Agrimony; deobstruent; dose one miskal.
-
-661 Ghar.--The laurel; discutient and attenuant; dose half miskal.
-
-662 Ghasool.--Glasswort; Hindooi, Chook; P. Ghasul; hot and dry;
-detergent and caustic; dose half direm.
-
-663 Ghareekoon.--Agaric; deobstruent, vermifuge, cathartic; dose one
-or two danas.
-
-664 Ghirb.--The mountain pine, drying.
-
-665 Kakjunga.--Cool, but some say hot, and dry in the 2nd degree; it
-is vermifuge, and useful in an over-loaded stomach, in poisons, mucus,
-and eruptions from suffusion of bile; also in fevers. It also obtains
-the name of Misie. Rijel ul Ghorab, A. Tokhem Khelal Kheleel, P.
-
-666 Kans.--A shrub with a white flower, of a downy kind; cures
-suppression of urine or dysuria, heat of the body, disorders of blood,
-bile, and hectic fever.
-
-667 Kakolie.--Its properties resemble Jirkakolie.
-
-668 Kaksaag.--Aperient, and promotes appetite; cures disorders of
-mucus, swellings of the body, and expels wind.
-
-669 Kasmerie or Kasmuroo, or Kasmurga, or Kasheera. It is hot; heavy;
-cures fever, pains in the bowels, and its flower is astringent and
-beneficial in eruptions from diffusion of bile. It is an ingredient
-in many formul. It prevents the approach of old age, strengthens
-all the animal functions, and is aphrodisiac and diuretic.
-
-670 Kanjee.--Increases the secretion of milk; cures disorders of
-mucus, wind, and bile. It is the vinegar of Hindostan. It restores
-prostrated strength from fatigue, removes pains in the bowels and
-flatulence, and remedies costiveness. The method of preparing it is
-thus. A little Zeera and Saslie are put on the fire till they produce
-a smoke, an earthen vessel is then placed over them in an inverted
-position to receive the smoke. Then into this is put mustard, salt,
-adjwain, and cumin seed, with warm water; the mouth of the vessel
-is then tied up in a cloth, and placed in the sun till it becomes
-sour. In the hot-weather it is quickly prepared; the older it is,
-the better for medicinal purposes.
-
-671 Gowrohun.--A medicine found in the gall-bladder of a cow,
-and is but seldom met with. It is beneficial in affections of the
-mesenteric glands of children; in the quantity of two soorkhi it is
-purgative. It is also beneficial in flatulent swellings. If boiled
-in water and used for some time, it will cure epilepsy. It is only
-found in those cows the descendants of those herded by Khrishna.
-
-It is often counterfeited, but the real kind is clearer than the
-spurious.
-
-672 Kath.--"Acacia Catechu, W. Kayar, H. Khadira, S. Mimosa Catechu,
-Woodville." Called also Kuth. It is cool and vermifuge; strengthens
-the teeth; cures seminal weakness, fever, white leprosy, swellings,
-eruptions from bile, marasmus, Juzam, and mucous disorders. The gum
-is sweet and aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system. That made from
-the pith of the Khaer, is useful in boils and eruptions, affections of
-the mouth, and disorders of mucus and blood. It also removes ptyalism.
-
-673 Kakra Singie.--It is crooked like a ram's horn; small and red,
-with a tinge of black, and its pod is hollow; it is bitter, astringent,
-hot, and promotes appetite, and restores the color of the skin changed
-from foulness of blood; allays vomiting and thirst; cures fever and
-disorders of mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough, and eructation,
-also piles and dysentery. It is said to be hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree. It likewise cures wind and hoarseness, and creates appetite;
-and it is useful, if retained in the mouth, as a relief to cough from
-phlegm; a little of it given to children at the breast, mixed with
-honey, increases their strength and removes emaciation.
-
-674 Kanakutchoo.--Brought from Cashmere, and held in great esteem in
-that country. Its taste is saltish and sweet, and it is used dressed
-with meat; some call it Samaroogh, but the latter is a creeper and
-does not produce seed. The fruit is about half the size of an egg,
-and is suspended from the plant, which is of a white color, and grows
-during the rains in the jungles, and loves the vicinity of running
-water. It is also called Neerkoombie. It is found sometimes amongst
-ruins, but those that grow in the jungles are to be preferred. The
-lower classes of Indians use it as food, and as such it is grateful. It
-is useful in affections of the eyes.
-
-675 Kagphill or Kagtoondie. "Strychnos Nux Vomica, W." "I have heard
-that it grows very common about Midnapoor or Cuttack; several seeds
-or nuts are enclosed in one pod, which in size is about that of a
-horse chestnut, the seeds are surrounded in the pod by a glutinous
-matter. It is said to be useful in paralysis, but has seldom been given
-beyond six grains in the day."--"Trans." It has obtained its name from
-being poison to the crow. Kag being the name of a crow, and phill, a
-nut A. Hubbool Girab; for the same reason. It is not well ascertained
-whether it is a seed or root, but it looks like a seed. It is equally
-uncertain whether it is cool or hot; it is brownish, inside white; it
-is round, and its shell very hard; steeped in water it becomes soft,
-and its shell can be removed; it is then rasped down and pounded,
-and kept in a state of powder or electuary for use. It strengthens
-the system; cures disorders of wind; blackens white hair; but its
-constant use produces palsy. It is an active poison; its correctors
-are drinking fresh milk, producing vomiting, and taking soup, oily or
-fatty substances. If externally applied to discolorations of the skin,
-daad, pains, &c. it will be found beneficial. It is said in the Dara
-Shekoi, to be excellent in cholics from wind. It is in my opinion hot,
-but as it is a strong poison, it is better not to use it: if given
-as a medicine, its correctors ought to be given with it.
-
-It is also mentioned among aphrodisiac medicines, and will be found
-a powerful one, should it agree with the stomach. In India its name
-is Koochela.
-
-676 Gajur.--"Daucus Carota, W." The carrot; sweet to the taste, and
-equally hot and cold in its effects; it creates appetite, produces
-costiveness, cures eruptions from suffusion of bile; is useful in
-piles, is lithontriptic, and beneficial in mucous disorders and
-wind. A. Gazur. I have found it excellent when roasted in an oven;
-the thin external rind and heart removed, and ate with rose-water,
-and Bedemoosk, in depression of spirits, and as a cardiac. Its
-distilled water is also equally effectual. Its virtues are described
-in Yunani works.
-
-677 Kaiphill or Kutphill. It is bitter, astringent, and pungent,
-cures disorders of mucus and wind, fevers, difficulty of breathing,
-seminal weakness, piles, cough, and all affections of the throat.
-
-678 Kanch or Kaatch; light; reduces corpulence; cures boils and
-eruptions, and strengthens the eyes. It is also called Zejage.
-
-679 Kalizeerie.--"Nigella Indica, Roxb. Musavi, S. Sp. ch. annual,
-petals entire, pistils five, length of the stamina, leaves decompound,
-exterior lip of the nectary ovate, and deeply two-cleft, interior
-entire and acute. Roxb. MS." A seed of a black color, twice as long as
-the zeerie, and about twice the breadth; also named Kurdmana though
-improperly. It is used as medicine for horses; it is hot, increases
-the digestive powers, and is useful in all swellings.
-
-680 Kasht.--Very hard. A kind of sugar-cane.
-
-681 Kangeerug.--A name for Kakeerun.
-
-682 Kalseenbie.--A name for Kalyseeb; hot and heavy; cures disorders
-of mucus and bile, also disorders in the mouth.
-
-683 Kansi.--P. Rooie; heavy, hot, and aperient; strengthens the eyes
-and cures bilious and mucous disorders.
-
-684 Kathmanda.--A name for Lisanus sowr.
-
-685 Kalakora.--A name for Kirra Inderjow.
-
-686 Katchloon.--A name for Muschookoonia, also named Kuphaiena, or
-Mylhoolrejaje. Its taste is rough; increases bile, decreases mucus,
-and useful in splenitis. It is laxative, removes specs, and opacities
-of the cornea. It dries the stomach, and externally is useful in all
-kinds of itch.
-
-687 Kastipadile.--Vide Padill.
-
-688 Kalesur or Kulesur; a plant, its leaves and sprigs very thin and
-small, it is sold in a dried state. It is like the Badsingbose. Its
-fruit is like the Baer, but a little larger, of a clay color or
-greenish. It is of two kinds, white and black, both oleaginous and
-sweet, heavy, increases semen, cures disorders of the three secretions,
-fevers, disorders of the vagina, dropsy, and it is astringent in its
-properties. The black kind increases appetite.
-
-689 Kanghi.--Cool, pungent; sweetish to the taste; strengthens the
-system, clears the color of the skin; is astringent, flatulent;
-useful in affections of the mouth and hectic fever.
-
-690 Kandagolhi.--A kind of onion, used by the weavers of cloth, from
-which circumstance it has derived its name ("Squills?"). It is like
-the common onion, but four times as large; it grows in the jungles, and
-in A. is called Unsul; its properties are described in Yunani works.
-
-691 Kapoor.--Cool, light, anti-aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of
-the eyes; cures heat of the body, bad taste in the mouth; removes
-corpulence and swellings of the body, disorders from poison,
-and clears the brain. A. Kaphoor. It is of four kinds: Poonasir,
-Bheemseejnie, Saasdaie and Bhaskur, the medicinal properties of all
-are the same. "Laurus Camphora."
-
-692 Kupoor.--The same as above; also called Khesia.
-
-693 Kapoorbile.--A flower; its leaves and root resembling the saffron
-flower; it is brought from Europe.
-
-694 Goobrowla also Goobreyla. A. Khumfusa. P. Jaab. It is described
-in all Yunani works.
-
-695 Kapithar Jug.--A kind of Soorinjan; pungent, cool, and dry;
-increases general heat and bile; cures disorders of blood and mucus;
-also removes daad; is vermifuge, and is an antidote to poison.
-
-696 Kupass or Kurpass. "Gossypium herbaceum." It is sweet, hot, and
-light; cures disorders of wind; it is the cotton tree; some call it
-cool. Its seed increases the secretion of animal milk, removes bile,
-mucus, heat, thirst, fatigue, epilepsy, &c. The wild species is cool,
-and increases the acuteness of taste and cures ulcers. It is also
-called Karis or Karpassie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kupass is the cotton tree; hot and moist; cures asthma, cough,
-costiveness; loosens the chest. The cotton burnt and applied to ulcers,
-dries them up, blown into the nose stops bleeding; also bleeding of
-the gums. Should any one have eaten dhatura, and become insensible,
-four direms of the seeds bruised in water, and given to drink will
-remove the cause. It is also an antidote to the poison of opium,
-bhang, snakes, the root of dhatura, scorpions, &c. in the quantity
-of seven direms.
-
-697 Kubab Cheenee.--It is pungent and bitter; promotes digestion;
-increases appetite; improves the taste; cures affections of wind,
-phlegm, paralysis of the tongue, and clears the voice. "Cubebs,
-Piper Cubeba, Murr." Excellent in gonorrhoea virulenta.
-
-698 Kapoor Kutcherie.--A name for Saaltie.
-
-699 Kapoorie.--A name for Ispurka.
-
-700 Kuthael.--"Artocarpus Integrifolia (Roxb.)" A fruit of India,
-very common, of a green color like Shukena, from half a yard to a
-yard in length, and about half a yard in thickness. On opening it is
-found a pulp of a saffron color, of a mucilaginous nature, inclining
-to gummy. The tree is like that of the walnut, but I suspect the
-Kuthael is much the largest and the leaves much less. The smell of the
-flower is sweet. The fruit is taken from the tree before it is ripe,
-covered with lime and thus brought to maturity. It cures disorders of
-bile and wind, strengthens the system, and is aphrodisiac; it cures
-eruptions from diffused bile, and is slow of digestion; it induces
-costiveness, is useful in disorders of the chest, increases semen and
-allays thirst. Its seeds are astringent and sweet, and increase wind,
-they are hurtful if ate on an empty stomach. Its corrector is its
-seed. Some have said, that the fruit when allowed to ripen on the
-tree is the best, and that the forced kind is cool.
-
-701 Kootki.--A small root, "Justicia Ganderussa," brought from the
-hills; it is of a grey colour and full of knots; bitter to the taste,
-during digestion; pungent, cool, and drying. It is light and aperient;
-cures bilious, mucous, and feverish disorders, difficulty of breathing,
-heart-burn, and heat of body. It is also vermifuge; the dose 4 direms.
-
-702 Kutara.--A kind of sugar-cane; it is thin, cool, and heavy;
-cures diffusion of bile and Rajiroge. The leaves of one kind are
-like needles, another much larger, a third of a middling size:
-all are astringent, and after meals produce heart-burn, and wind;
-they cure disorders of mucus and bile, but cause heat in the chest
-and flatulence. Its correction is being boiled in water, or roasted
-in hot ashes. When washed in water it becomes less flatulent, and
-cures disordered secretions, increases the bulk of the solids, and
-is diuretic.
-
-703 Kuteera.--"Echinops echinatus, (Roxb.)" The globe-thistle,
-or Kuragond. Cool; increases consistence of semen; beneficial in
-gonorrhoea; lessens aphrodisia. If two mashas be infused in water for
-a night, well mixed and taken with sherbet of Unjewar, or by itself,
-it will be found effectual in vomiting of blood, in gonorrhoea,
-and itchiness of the urinary bladder.
-
-704 Kutai.--The white kind; it is a species of the small Kutai; the
-flower of the large kind is red. The small is bitter and pungent;
-hot and useful in wind, bile and disorders of the liver, difficulty
-of voiding urine, in torpor of the olfactory nerves; is vermifuge,
-and cures affections of the heart. The large kind is called Beretta,
-already noticed, also called Kuntai.
-
-705 Kutoonbur.--"Cucumis Madraspatanas." A kind of Kutchim (species
-of melon); sweet and hot, vide Baluka.
-
-706 Kutputrie.--Hot and astringent; useful in disorders of the
-organs of generation of the female; its fruit cool and aphrodisiac,
-and produces a discharge of wind.
-
-707 Kuth.--"Catechu, Terra Japonica, Acacia Catechu?"
-
-708 Kutchnar.--"Bauhinia variegata." One kind of which is called
-Gobdar; the leaves of the Kutchnar are green and variegated with veins,
-and they resemble the junction of two leaves, indeed a separation does
-sometimes exist. The tree resembles the mulberry, and is even larger,
-but considerably so in diameter; both kinds are cool, astringent;
-produce costiveness; cure disorders of mucus and bile; are vermifuge;
-destroy worms in the rectum; useful in the virulent ulcer called
-Kunzeer, also in all eruptions and boils. Its flower is cool, dry,
-light, and astringent; cures disorders of bile, and corrects an excess
-in the menstrual discharge; beneficial in piles, wounds, ulcers,
-and cough. The tree is called by the above name, but it is usually
-given to the flower only. I have found it beneficial to the stomach, in
-removing laxativeness of the bowels, and in bleeding piles. A decoction
-of its bark forms an excellent gargle in ptyalism from mercury or bela.
-
-709 Kutchaloo.--"Arum Colocasia." An esculent root, vide Aroie.
-
-710 Gudjpepullie.--Also Gudjpeepul; a round fruit, 4 times as large
-as that of the peepul, and very much resembles it; it is bitter,
-hot; increases appetite; induces costiveness; cures Juzam, difficulty
-of breathing, affections of the throat, is vermifuge, and useful in
-disorders of wind and mucus.
-
-711 Kutchua.--"P. Sungpoosht or Bah. A. Silhafat." "The Turtle." Its
-meat is moist and aphrodisiac, and is useful in disorders of wind. It
-is related, that in cases of great difficulty of respiration from
-affections of the lungs or bronchi, much benefit has been derived
-from inhaling the breath of the turtle. Its eggs, mixed with water
-and applied hot to the scrotum, removes disorders, to which it may
-be subjected.
-
-712 Coochilla.--Vide Kagphill.
-
-713 Kutcherie.--(Cucumis Madraspatanas;) sweet, hot, light, and
-soft; creates appetite; increases bile. It is called Dustumboieya,
-vide Phoot. There is another fruit which bears this name, it is a
-creeper, found in fields, like the Kunoorie fruit; it is pungent,
-bitter; assists digestion, and increases appetite. In my opinion,
-it is hot; it is eaten cut in half, and fried with salt and oil,
-and greatly relished. It is thus also rendered more active in its
-properties. It is used both ripe and unripe; when used with meat,
-the later is easily rendered tender. It forms an ingredient in all
-stomachic powders in India.
-
-714 Kutchoor.--"Curcuma Zerumbet, (Roxb.)" Of three kinds: large, male,
-and female. The large kind is also called Nerkuchoor, and the simple
-word Kutchoor is generally applied to the female; the third kind is
-called Kaphoor Kutcherie. The Nerkutchoor is also called Zerambeed. The
-three kinds possess nearly the same properties. It is hot, light;
-creates appetite; cures Juzam, piles, boils, wounds, difficulty of
-breathing, Badgola, disorders of wind, and mucus, and is vermifuge.
-
-715 Kudum.--"Nauclea Orientalis, or Kudum, and another kind called
-Mohoonut; also one kind named Dhoul Kudum, and Bhoom Kudum." The
-leaves and flower resemble the walnut tree; all kinds are cool,
-and are useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.
-
-716 Gudha.--Its flesh is sweet, during digestion bitter. It is light,
-strengthens the system, and increases bile and mucus.
-
-717 Gudloon.--Hot, light; cures disorders of wind and mucus. Is
-aperient and diuretic.
-
-718 Goodhul Citron.--Has a flower like the poppy, and many leaves;
-its leaves are like the mulberry, and it flowers every alternate
-year. Its fruit is like the apple; when unripe, green, and acid, with
-a little bitterness; but when fully ripe, and it has become yellow,
-the bitterness does not remain; it also becomes red and sweet, but
-if it remain long on the tree it again assumes a greenish hue. The
-tree is like the lime tree with broad leaves. The people of India
-have an idea, that if the flowers be kept in the house they produce
-quarrelling and strife; the flowers are used in lowness of spirits
-arising from heat. It is said, that the root of this and also that of
-the Kunaer are very intoxicating. If boiled in milk, and this curdled,
-it is aphrodisiac.
-
-719 Kurna.--The flower of the above; it has four leaves, and is white
-before it opens; it is shaped like an arrow-head; it has a sweet
-perfume, and as such is used; a distilled water is also made from
-it and an essential oil. The water is called Arukbahar, and is hot
-and dry, and used in weakness of the brain; also as an aphrodisiac;
-creating appetite and elevating the spirits; also in pains of the
-chest, in cholics from wind, and delirium.
-
-A little of it commenced with and constantly used for seven days,
-with a little sugar, is beneficial in affections of the spleen;
-it is used in Aniseed water as a lithontriptic; in an empty stomach
-for the bleeding piles. It is used with musk, &c. to perfume hooka
-snakes. The author of the Topha says, that this is the bud of the
-Naringi, and that the distilled water of that is called Arukbahar;
-but in my opinion they are distinct varieties, and in this part of
-the country they distil from all. Goodhul is the name of the tree,
-Kuth that of the fruit, and Kurna that of the flower.
-
-720 Karownda.--Also Kirmidie, and a kind of this Khristnphill; the
-first kind is red and white, second is white and black, and the third
-entirely black, therefore called Kristnphil, from being of the color
-of the god Kristna. Its flower is like the Jui; when unripe it is hot,
-heavy, and acid; produces mucus and diffusion of bile: when ripe it
-is sweet and less acid, light; creates appetite, and cures disorders
-of wind and bile. "Carissa Carandas."
-
-721 Kareyl.--"Capparis, the Caper plant," or Kareyr. A tree without
-leaves, its branches rise from the root, and are very numerous. It
-grows about the height of the Baer. It has numerous flowers, small and
-three-leaved. Its flowers are boiled and eaten; its fruit made into
-pickles in salt-water and oil; its fruit is at first green, then it
-becomes red, and lastly black; they are about the size of the Karownda;
-they are bitter, pungent, hot, aperient; useful in mucous disorders,
-wind, boils, eruptions, swellings, as an antidote to poisons, and in
-piles. Its flowers are beneficial in disorders of mucus and bile. My
-father always recommended them in disorders arising from cold. In
-consequence of their heating quality, they are useful in affections
-of the joints. P. Amghyllyan.
-
-722 Karunj.--From the "Moojerrabad Akberi." The name of a large
-tree, the leaves like the lime tree, the fruit like the tamarind,
-but smaller; it is hot, and discusses swellings and all pains arising
-from cold; useful in lumbago, in strokes of the wind, and it is used
-as a fomentation in the above disorders.
-
-723 Gurehri.--A fruit of India, produced in the hot season; it is
-a nut of a black color, and shining appearance, about the length
-of the Jamalgota, but a little thinner; the kernel is white, and is
-ate with salt and peepul, and much esteemed. It induces costiveness,
-is aphrodisiac, and thickens semen.
-
-724 Krishndaan.--A kind of rice; in its properties and excellence
-like the Saatie.
-
-725 Kurwanuk.--The name of a common bird; its meat is sweet and
-pleasant to the taste. It frequents the banks of rivers and jungles,
-but the river kind is nearly twice the size of the other.
-
-726 Geerguth.--(Chameleon.) A. Heerbah, Un. Kalamunder,
-P. Aftabperust. It resembles the lizard in its appearance. It has a
-long tail, and frequently changes its color.
-
-727 Kurkura.--(Ardea Virgo.) A species of paddy-bird, called also
-Kurkhuraa; its flesh increases corpulency; is aphrodisiac, and
-strengthens the system.
-
-728 Kurinjua or Korinjeka, or Kurinjee. "Guilandina Bonduccella,
-Linn. Csalpinia Bonduccella. Roxb. Kutkuleja, H. An excellent tonic,
-and infallible in the cure of intermittents, when combined with a
-decoction of Chereyta. Dose one seed, mixed with pepper, which may be
-repeated every three hours." A seed, or rather nut, hard and shining;
-it is of a blue or greenish color; light, round, and thick, like the
-Majoo; when shaken near the ear the kernel is found loose, and when
-broken, this is found whitish, like the Mukhana. Its shrub grows to
-the height of a man, more or less, "but if supported, will run much
-higher. It is covered with very sharp prickles, and makes the best
-fence in the world perhaps." It is hot; cures piles; is vermifuge,
-useful in Juzam, and its leaves are beneficial in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and blood. A. Ektumkut. P. Khayeblees. Leaves used as a
-fomentation in rheumatic pains.
-
-729 Kurwara or Kurwala. A name for Amultas;
-P. Phuloos. A. Khiarshimber. Discutient, aperient, and laxative. See
-Yunani works.
-
-730 Korund.--A name for Sunadudje.
-
-731 Goor.--It is sweet to the taste and a little pungent; light,
-aperient; creates appetite; increases bile and swellings of the body;
-produces worms and cures disorders of wind; strengthens the system;
-is diuretic and cardiac. P. Kund Sia.
-
-732 Kurr.--"Carthamus Tinctoria." A name of Masphir or
-Kussumb. P. Kussukdana. A. Koortub. It is of a white color like
-peas, and a little pointed; it is very common; removes phlegm, and
-is aperient.
-
-733 Karela.--"Momordica Charantia." A common culinary fruit, of a
-green or yellowish color, and encloses numerous seeds. It is about
-two or three inches long, and very irregular in the surface. It is
-in its properties cool and light; some say hot and heavy, and some
-call it equal. It is pungent and laxative; beneficial in piles,
-eruptions of the mouth, disorders of the blood, jaundice, panroque,
-phlegm, seminal weakness, and it is vermifuge. Its name is said to
-be Kassaul hemar. In my opinion it is very drying, by reason of its
-heating quality: when dressed with onions, it is less heavy as food. It
-has the effect of strengthening the stomach weakened from cold. Its
-root taken, commencing with one masha and increasing to seven, will
-cure the venereal disease. The wild kind is named Kaarbellie. It is
-cool, bitter, light, and aperient; cures disorders of bile, blood,
-phlegm, black bile, jaundice, wind, marasmus, seminal weakness,
-and worms. Another kind of this produced in gardens is of a white
-color, and more long than the other; its coat is thin, and it is
-the best of all the varieties: there are many ways of dressing it,
-but with onions it is the best and most aphrodisiac; without onions,
-its effects are not so powerful, and it is less heating.
-
-734 Kirkund.--The small Baer, called also Nazookbadun; it is moist
-and heavy; sweet, and cures disorders of bile and wind. It is also
-called Jhirberrie. There is a smaller kind, that is more sweet,
-and grows in gardens.
-
-735 Kora.--A name for the Inderjow tree; it is very bitter and
-astringent; cool and dry; creates appetite; cures bilious disorders and
-foulness of blood, also disorders of mucus; and removes obstructions
-in the pylorus from viscid mucus; useful in indigestion and Juzam;
-restrains hemorrhage from piles and diarrhoea.
-
-736 Kurni.--"Mimusops Kauki." A fruit of the hills; pungently
-bitter and hot; cures disorders of bile and mucus, flatulence, and
-is vermifuge.
-
-737 Kurrukphill.--A name for Bahira.
-
-738 Krishn Moolie.--A black kind called Kalesur; it derives its name
-from being a root of the color of Krishna.
-
-739 Krishn Saarba.--A black kind of Saarba.
-
-740 Kussowndie or Kussownda. The name of a tree of India; its branches
-commence from near the root and surround the stem, growing out from all
-sides of it. It grows about the thickness of a bambu, and in height
-that of a man. The leaves if rubbed have a disagreeable smell. Its
-seed-vessel is about a yard long, or even longer; it encloses small
-round seeds like Sumach, a little crooked. Its leaves are thick like
-Kumerach, but the latter are broad, whereas this is longer. The large
-kind is called Kussownda, the smaller Kussowndie; the leaves of both
-are nearly alike. It is hot, moist, and some say equal. It relieves the
-brain, and if the seed is washed and eaten, it will cure the effects
-of the scorpion's poison; and if the seed and leaves be ground in a
-mill, made into bread with flour, and eaten with sweet oil, it will
-cure night blindness; should any one have swallowed tiger's hair,
-pills made of the leaves, flower, and seed swallowed and vomiting
-produced, the hair will be discharged.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kussowndie is a medicine of India, hot and dry; cures wind and loosens
-phlegm; useful in cough and disorders of the blood. 1 1/2 direms
-of its root with half direm of peepul eaten, will cure the poison of
-snakes or scorpions, or if rubbed on the bitten or stung part will give
-relief. It clears the voice, and if five direms of its leaves with one
-direm of peepul be bruised in water, and taken for seven days, during
-which period food without salt is eaten, it will cure Lues Venerea.
-
-741 Kusseroo or Kusseruk. "Cyperus Tuberosus." The root of a grass,
-black and full of hair, like bristles, found in the cold season. It
-is cool, sweet, heavy; used in disorders of bile, blood, and general
-heat; it induces costiveness, increases semen, phlegm, and wind, and
-allays thirst. If eaten with its outer rind, or only chewed, and the
-juice swallowed, it will be less heavy and hurtful; some bruise it
-and drink sherbet thus made with sugar, and it is thus more cooling
-and useful in cases of gonorrhoea, and the effects of hot winds,
-but in this case the outer rind must be removed.
-
-742 Kustooryea Mirg.--Its meat is sweet to the taste, light and
-flatulent, creating appetite; that of the female is cool: useful in
-fever, cough, disorders of blood, and difficulty of breathing. It
-is said to be common in Thibet and Bengal. It resembles the deer,
-and has two ridges on its back lengthways. Musk is procured from
-its abdomen in this manner: When it is ripe, it produces itching
-about the navel, and the animal rubbing it on sharp pointed stones,
-causes it to discharge in the form of matter. This is the finest and
-best kind of musk, and the gentleman, with whom I was, received some
-of it every two years, from the Rajah of Shirinaghur.
-
-743 Kussoombh.--A. Masphir. "Artemisia Abrotanum." It is sweet, and
-very hot, and dry; light, and increases bile; cures disorders of blood,
-mucus, and suppression of urine.
-
-744 Kustoorie.--Bitter, hot, heavy, aphrodisiac; useful in colds,
-disorders of phlegm and wind; allays vomiting; removes swellings;
-corrects offensive breath and loss of smell. One kind of it is called
-Lutta Kustoorie, vide L.
-
-745 Kussees.--"Sulphas Ferri." A kind of Zaaj; astringent, cool;
-increases eye-sight, and clears the skin; vermifuge and an antidote
-to poisons; also a kind called Heera Roopus.
-
-746 Kukrownela.--The Kurrownda.
-
-747 Kukora.--The fruit of a shrub of India, smaller than the Kurela;
-it has many hair-like fibres of a green colour over its surface, and
-it has numerous seeds. Its properties are the same as the Kurela. It
-is useful in that eruption which takes place on the face in puberty;
-beneficial in fever and phlegm, and creates appetite. One kind of
-it is called Banje Kakora. It is bitter, an antidote to poisons;
-useful in that eruption of the face called acne punctata. Its root
-is used in Zaerbad, in discussing swellings, and in the bites of all
-noxious reptiles, and it is also of benefit in cough. Some have said,
-that this is the wild Kurela, but this is not the fact, for the wild
-Kurela is essentially different and more resembles the garden sort.
-
-748 Kookra.--"Wild fowl." P. Deek. It is hot, moist, heavy,
-aphrodisiac; used in disorders of wind; is tonic; produces semen and
-increases mucus. Its flesh is astringent to the taste; dry and heavy;
-and those found near rivers are hot and aphrodisiac, and increase
-mucus.
-
-749 Kookrie.--The female of the above. A. Dejaje: the properties
-the same.
-
-750 Kukrie.--"Cucumis Utilissimus." Unripe, it is sweet and cool,
-heavy, cardiac, and astringent. In my opinion it is aperient, creates
-appetite, and removes bilious disorders.
-
-751 Gugundool.--The best kind of this is the Kumbi; it is eaten wasted
-in ghee, with salt and condiments.
-
-752 Googeerun or Gugeeroo. A plant from 1 to 1 1/2 yards high; the
-branches very thin, the leaves like the Nirkut; it is purgative, and
-when ripe, it is heavy; recommended in wind, blood, and affections
-of mouth.
-
-753 Kukrownda.--The common Kurrownda. The plant is half a yard or
-more in height, its leaves like the tobacco; but smaller. It has an
-offensive smell, much increased by being rubbed betwixt the finger;
-it grows near ruins or in waste places, and is found in the rains. It
-is a kind of Bhangra, and has the name of Kokurbangra; it is bitter,
-pungent; useful in fevers and disorders of the blood and mucus. If
-bruised in water, and the water given as a clyster to children, it
-will remove ascarides, and if three drops be dropped into each ear,
-it will cure intermittents. It is very beneficial in bleeding piles,
-both internally and externally. If one direm of the leaves be taken
-in water, and the bruised leaves applied to the piles, it will effect
-a cure.
-
-754 Gillo.--"Menispermum Glabrum," (vide Goorcha,) or Vaoutvellee or
-Imrutlutta, or Jurnasnie, (a febrifuge,) or Goorajie, or Goondunie. It
-is bitter, astringent, and sweet, and in digestion hot, light; inducing
-costiveness; tonic; increases appetite; beneficial in jaundice and
-Juzam; also in acne, cracks in the skin, nausea, fevers, and bilious
-disorders. It forms an ingredient in all favorite formul. It has
-been said to be cold. In my opinion it is either, according as it is
-prescribed with other medicines. I have given it in continued fever,
-in the quantity of one direm, cut small and infused in water for
-a night, with great success. The Hindoos give a decoction of it in
-fevers. I have given it in various ways in gonorrhoea, as a tonic,
-an aphrodisiac, &c. Take of Bunslochun and Sut Gillo, each one masha,
-mix and give in intermittents, or with cardamoms. My father used
-it in pills made up with conserve of roses, with great efficacy,
-in fevers of the continued kind; also with the whey of Kasni. Its
-powder is likewise used with tin in gonorrhoea, but I have written
-more of this in my other works. To make refined or Sut Gillo--
-
-Take the Gillo, cut it in small pieces, and squeeze out the juice
-into a vessel, then add plain water, and strongly mix them together,
-let them remain thus for 24 hours, then throw away the clear water,
-and dry the precipitate for use.
-
-755 Gulhar.--"Nymphea Nilambo, Linn. Nilumbium Speciosum, W." The
-flower of the Kawul (Lotus). It is cool, dry, heavy, and astringent,
-and shuts up the chest. The centre of the flower, or yellow
-fructification, is called Kesur, or Kinjeluk; it is cool; induces
-costiveness; useful in bleeding piles; also in disorders of bile and
-mucus. Its seed is usually called Kawulgutta; they are produced in
-the hot season; they are sweet, cool; beneficial in bilious disorders,
-foulness of blood, general heat, and increase mucus and wind. I have
-given them in the diarrhoea of infants, mixed with the water which
-they drank, with great benefit. The green part of the seed bruised in
-water, I have also given to children with great good effect in wind
-and diarrhoea. It is likewise given in eruptions of the mouth. The
-stem of the flower and root are cool and dry; aphrodisiac, astringent,
-and cure disorders of bile, blood, and general heat. The flowers are
-of two kinds: one opens to the sun, and accompanies him round as
-he moves, and shuts its leaves when he disappears; this is white,
-with a red tinge, six-leaved, the yellow centre fructification, in
-the shape of an inverted cone. Its seed is sweet and cool; clears
-the complexion; of use in disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst,
-general heat, Juzam, and blisters. It is an antidote to poisons,
-and beneficial in acne of all kinds.
-
-The other kind has four leaves, of a white color, opens to the moon,
-and accompanies her, in progress, as the other does the sun; but does
-not shut on her disappearance. The red and blue kinds, if they have
-any degree of whiteness, are called Komode or Komoodutti; these names
-are in allusion to their property of flowering by the moon's influence,
-but they are more seldom met with. The blue is called also Neeloofir.
-
-756 Goolkhairoo.--The marsh-mallow, or rather the mallow.
-
-757 Kulumbuk.--A tree of a heavy texture, much veined; it is commonly
-called Mulugeer, but this name is also applied to some kinds of lime.
-
-758 Kooleejan.--"Piper Betel." The best kind is red, thick, and
-full of knots. It is hot and dry in the 2nd degree; it is cardiac;
-cures cholicks, pains in the kidnies; increases the strength of the
-digestive organs, useful in rheumatism of the joints, decreases the
-flow of urine; beneficial in epilepsy, headache; is aphrodisiac; and
-is proper for those having a superabundance of mucus. A little kept
-in the mouth will cure paralysis of the tongue; it clears the voice,
-and in the quantity of one direm with cow's milk taken, fasting, it
-is highly tonic and aphrodisiac. Its corrector is any oily substance
-or Kuteera (a gum).
-
-759 Koolunta.--A kind of Satawur.
-
-760 Keloondha.--A name for the fruit of the Mowa tree.
-
-761 Kulownjee.--A name for Siadana; expels wind and flatulence.
-
-762 Kumode or Komoodutti, a kind of Gulhar. "Rottlera tinctoria."
-
-763 Kumruk.--"Averrhoa Carambola," or Kumruka. A large tree, with many
-pointed leaves, which when full grown are longer than the Singtirra
-leaf, of a green color and soft texture. The fruit is common and
-three-cornered; they are of an acid sweetness, and produced in the
-cold season, and make delicious sherbet; cool, astringent; useful in
-bile and wind, also in disorders of phlegm. From their acidity, the
-fruit are injurious to the tongue. This may be corrected by eating
-them with salt or lime.
-
-764 Gumbhar.--Sweet, hot, heavy, and produces wind; useful in disorders
-of bile, blood, and pains in the bowels, and induces costiveness. Its
-fruit is heavy and tonic; clears the hair of the head; increases
-seminal secretion; cures disorders of bile, wind, hectic fever, thirst,
-and foulness of the blood; is diuretic, and forms an ingredient in
-all famous prescriptions: called also Gumbharie or Gumbheer.
-
-765 Kawul.--"Nympha Nelumbo." A name of Gulhar.
-
-766 Kawulguth.--The seed of the Gulhar.
-
-767 Kowla.--A kind of orange, less strong, and of weaker properties
-than the Sangtirra; but in other respects the same; from its acid it
-removes stagnation of bile, and is useful in cough and asthma.
-
-768 Goond.--"Jasminum grandiflorum?" The wild Raibile; the flower cool
-and light; used in disorders of bile and mucus, and in head-aches;
-an antidote to poisons, and communicates its perfume to any article
-from which oil is to be extracted, and gives the oil the quality
-of strengthening the brain, and of being useful in affections from
-cold. In my opinion, the flower is hot, as is also oil impregnated
-with its odour. If it is mixed or rubbed with oil, and used as an
-unguent in itch, it is equally effectual as the Chumbeley.
-
-769 Gunyar.--A flower of India, possessing tonic properties; it
-strengthens the stomach; used in the cure of Juzam, boils, eruptions,
-disorders of the blood, swellings, and in cleansing ulcers.
-
-770 Kunkole.--A seed resembling Peepul, only a little larger;
-it creates appetite; is hot; useful in affections of the heart,
-affections of wind and mucus.
-
-771 Koontukphill.--A name for Lukudj, or Burhael; it is also called
-Kuntukanta, from its being very prickly.
-
-772 Kundurdolie.--The name of a plant, cool, light and astringent;
-useful in heat, feverishness, thirst, disorders of mucus, blood and
-bile, Juzam, and fever. It also softens iron.
-
-773 Koondoorie.--A fruit like the Pulwull, of an oval shape. It is
-acid, grows as a creeper, and used as a culinary vegetable; useful in
-bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and general heat. Is emetic,
-and reduces corpulency. Induces costiveness, flatulence, and wind;
-also aphrodisiac. It is bitter, pungent; removes phlegm, and is an
-antidote to poisons. In my opinion, it is cool and moist, aperient;
-weakens the stomach, promotes absorption by increasing the tone of
-the absorbents, and expedites digestion.
-
-774 Kungni.--P. Kawurs, Sheerazee Kaal. Cool and bitter, dry and
-astringent, yet diuretic; but if boiled in milk, its drying quality
-will be corrected. It is very generally used as food. It increases
-the viscidity of mucus, and promotes a disposition to gravel. Its
-corrector is sugar. It is hurtful to the lungs; but here its corrector
-is Mustaghi. In its general properties, it comes near the Cheena;
-externally applied hot, it removes rheumatic pains. "Panicum Italicum."
-
-775 Gundheel.--A. Azkhir, and some kinds called Mirchiakund. This
-is a common plant, about a yard high; its flowers sweet-scented:
-the properties of all are, I fancy, the same. It is astringent to
-the taste, and bitter during digestion; hot, useful in affections of
-the throat and heart, disorders of bile, blood, mucus, difficulty of
-breathing, cough, and fever.
-
-776 Goondur.--A kind of Loonia, q. v.
-
-777 Kunaer or Kurneer. It is of two kinds, the white called Kurbaer,
-and the red Ruketphup. The plant grows to the height of a man;
-its branches numerous, and growing from near the root; its leaves
-long as the bambu leaf and thicker, green and finely veined. It
-is hot and light; decreases eye-sight, useful in Juzam, boils and
-eruptions, acne, itch; is vermifuge, and may be ranked among the
-poisons. Its flowers kept in the house produce strife. The root and
-its bark is used as an application in cures of deficient aphrodisiac
-power. A. Dufflie. "Nerium Odorum."
-
-778 Koonja.--Vide Goonchee.
-
-779 Kumbeela.--Bitter, laxative, and hot; used in disorders of mucus,
-bile, and blood; is lithontriptic and vermifuge; cures Badgola, dropsy,
-and boils; its green leaves are cool and astringent to the stomach;
-it is called also Kumbeel.
-
-780 Gunduk.--"Live Sulphur." In digestion it is bitter and hot,
-also soft; beneficial in Juzam, affections of the spleen, disorders
-of mucus and wind, and increases bile. It is an ingredient in many
-favorite prescriptions. A. Ribreet. Its aruk is excellent as an
-application in itch, and as a tonic is pungently acid and hurtful
-to the teeth; indeed so very acid is it, that it dissolves shells,
-and is called Tezab; but though acid, it is aphrodisiac.
-
-
-To make Tezab (Sulphuric Acid).
-
-Take a China cup, and make in it three holes, to suspend it (by a wire
-of zinc); place a lamp on a low triangle (tripod), and fill the lamp
-with sulphur; and making several wicks, mix them with the sulphur,
-and set fire to them; place the China cup under the tripod, and the
-aruk will come over into it by drops. Care must be taken to admit no
-wind; when this is lighted the smoke destroys cloth. I have written
-of the properties of this more at large in my other works.
-
-
-The properties of Sulphuric Acid.
-
-It is hot, creates appetite, expels wind, strengthens the stomach,
-loins, and back. It is aphrodisiac, useful in disorders of mucus
-and blood, in paralysis, convulsions, and pains in the stomach, and
-discusses enlargement of the spleen, if taken to the quantity of from
-one to four soorkhs in water. It will cure tooth-ache if applied to the
-hollow of the tooth, but care must be taken that it does not come in
-contact with a sound tooth. It cures all kinds of Psora, whether dry
-or moist, applied by itself or in ointment. Taken internally with oil
-of roses, it loosens phlegm; applied to the white spots of leprosy,
-it will remove them. If nutmegs, cinnamon, and cloves be moistened
-with it, and dried, they will become powerful condiments.
-
-781 Kunoocha.--A name for Mirve.
-
-782 Gundhur.--A name for culinary greens--see Chowlai.
-
-783 Gundhka.--A title of Mudukpurnie; it derives its name from the
-property of preserving the hair.
-
-784 Kunghi.--"Malva Sylvestris.--(The Mallow) vide Goolkhairoo. The
-mallow, emollient and demulcent, Altha officinalis." The name of
-a flower-stem of India, about a man's height, more or less. Its
-leaves are round, smooth, serrated, and pointed. It is of two kinds,
-a small and larger, the leaves large and small accordingly. It has
-a small yellow flower; inside the seed vessel are many divisions,
-in which the seeds are contained. It is very useful in piles.
-
-A man had the bleeding piles to an annoying degree of severity. A
-physician advised him to eat some of the leaves of this, bruised,
-and made up with pepper into pills; he made up large pills or balls,
-and eat them as directed, and was cured in a few days. If the fresh
-leaves are used, they should be mixed with water and drank; if the
-dried leaves are preferred, they should be made into pills. It is
-mucilaginous and demulcent.
-
-785 Gooroochna.--or Gooroochun. A stone, of a yellow color, on
-which grass or moss grows; it is astringent and cool, beneficial in
-possession, and whoever keeps it by them, will escape the influence of
-all evils; it is useful in disorders of blood, and prevents abortion
-by its tonic property in giving strength to the uterus. It is the
-name for Huzerool bukur.
-
-786 Goorcha.--"Menispermum cordifolium, W. Guduchi, S. Citamerdu,
-Van Rheede, H. M. vii. 39. Menispermum Verrucosum, Roxb. MS. Putra
-Waly. Jao. Funis Felleus, Rumph. Amb. v. 82. Sp. ch. perennial,
-scandent, verrucose, leaves cordate, acuminate, entire, smooth, male
-racemes from the naked branches simple, nectareal scales inserted
-in the filaments. Every part of this plant exceedingly bitter;
-used for the cure of intermittents; it is said by Captain Wright,
-to be as powerful a febrifuge as the Peruvian Bark. V. Gillo."
-
-787 Gowrdun.--A name for Koocha, called also Sutpootrie. It is the name
-of the Kooza flower, red with a yellow fructification in the centre. It
-has a fine perfume, and a distilled water is made from it; it is
-a cinquefoil. One kind of it is the Goolseutie, P. Aussureen. This
-is white, but a third kind is also red. All three are cool, light,
-and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the three secretions and of
-blood. It is cardiac, astringent, and improves the complexion. I have
-found the white the most effectual, and have often used its conserve
-and distilled water in lowness of spirits.
-
-788 Gomenduk.--A common stone, resembling in its properties the
-Chanderkanth.
-
-789 Gooma.--A medicine of India; sweet, pungent, hot, dry, heavy,
-aperient; used in disorders of wind, bile, mucus; in jaundice and in
-swellings, and is vermifuge. All this the author of the Dhara Shekoi
-has related. The common Gooma is different.
-
-790 Goww.--A tree common in Cashmere, of a hot quality; used in
-seminal weakness, inflammatory disorders of the nose, effects of
-poison, disorders of mucus, and Juzam. It is vermifuge; its fruit
-increases phlegm, and its gum is heavy, aphrodisiac; beneficial in
-disorders of wind.
-
-791 Kobhee.--"Hieracum, Bruce MS." This is of three kinds, one of
-which is used as food for the parroquet. Its leaf is like that of the
-radish when in an imperfect state. It is cool, light, and astringent;
-used in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood; in seminal weakness,
-cough, boils, eruptions, and fever, and produces wind.
-
-792 Gowrbaghan.--Cool; useful in general heat and disorders of blood.
-
-793 Godoon.--A common grain used by villagers; tonic.
-
-794 Gowruk.--A kind of Lawa.
-
-795 Koonj.--A name for Kulungh. Its meat cures disorders of wind
-and mucus.
-
-796 Koonch.--A medicine of Hindostan. If its seed-vessel be applied
-to the skin, it produces great itching; if it is washed in cow-dung
-and water, this effect will be removed. Its seed is like the bean,
-smooth, and of a purple color; it is hard, and if the end is cut off,
-and it be applied to the part stung by a scorpion, it will remove
-the pain, and cannot be removed till the poison is extracted; and
-when this is accomplished, it falls off itself, and will be found
-from its power of suction to have become much larger. It is sweet,
-increases semen, lengthens aphrodisia, and is useful in diffusion of
-bile in the blood. It is beneficial in old ulcers, and is a favorite
-ingredient in aphrodisiac formul.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Kooch is a medicine of India; its seed cold and hot in equilibrium;
-drying, aphrodisiac; strengthens the loins, useful in piles and cough,
-and increases the consistence of semen. If half a direm of the leaves
-be bruised with seven of the long fruit of the peepul in water, and
-given to drink, it will be found powerfully vermifuge. It also clears
-the intestines of all noxious matter. If 10 direms be bruised in 50
-direms of water, and drank for seven days, it will cure Lues Venerea.
-
-The succedaneum is Aotungun. The dose two direms of the seed. It is
-also called Kooncha, vide Kewanch.
-
-797 Kowrie.--"Cypra Monita." P. Khirmora. It is sweet and pungent,
-cool and flatulent; used in bile and heat; beneficial in affections
-of the eyes and in blisters. If burnt and introduced into the ear,
-I have found it of use in diseases of that organ. It is excellent
-for cleansing and drying venereal sores.
-
-798 Kawaal.--(The Hog.) Its meat is heating, moist, light, and
-increases semen to a great degree; induces corpulence, creates
-appetite, and is tonic. Its fat is very aphrodisiac as an external
-application; it is also useful as an application to the eyes, as a
-stomachic, preserving health, and producing aphrodisia. Is tonic;
-useful in sprains and disorders of the three secretions. P. Khunzeer.
-
-799 Kowa.--The Crow. P. Zaagh or Kolagh. A. Ghorab. Its properties
-are mentioned in Yunani works in India; it is also called Koral.
-
-800 Kokla.--"Indian Cuckoo." A black bird, which in the commencement
-of the hot weather has a fine and strong note; its flesh creates
-appetite, induces costiveness, and is useful in disorders of wind
-and mucus.
-
-801 Goh.--The Guana. Its flesh is tonic, aphrodisiac, stomachic,
-and used in disorders of bile and wind. A. Zubbub. P. Soosmar.
-
-802 Kowadoorie.--A. Hubbunneel.
-
-803 Gokhroo also Kunthphill; cures difficulty of breathing, cough,
-and suppression of urine. Is lithontriptic; useful in affections of
-the heart and wind.
-
-A. Khussuk. It is of two kinds, a cultivated and wild. Its plant
-is like the melon; its branches spreading widely on the ground. Its
-fruit is hard and triangular, with prickles on its angles; thus it is
-called Gokhroo. P. Kharkhusuk. There is a larger kind called Gokhroo
-Dekanee. In the Dhunterri, it is said to be beneficial in the three
-secretions, to create appetite, beneficial in dysentery and pains of
-the bowels, to increase semen, induce corpulency, to be cool, sweet,
-and aphrodisiac, tonic, useful in seminal weakness, gonorrhoea,
-and pains in the urinary bladder. "Tribulus Lanuginosus."
-
-804 Gowdunta.--A kind of arsenic, of a light red color.
-
-805 Gota.--Sweet, bitter, pungent, hot, light, and aphrodisiac; useful
-in Soorkhbad, acne, cough, Juzam, and disorders of wind and bile.
-
-806 Kookurchundie.--Obtains the name from its being an emetic to dogs.
-
-807 Kookurbangra.--A name for Kukrownda.
-
-808 Goondroo or Goonderuk. A name for Koondur, a gum resembling
-Mastich, but more red; it cures disorders of wind, mucus, and fever;
-restrains perspiration; is aphrodisiac; strengthens memory; gives
-tone to the stomach, urinary bladder, brain.
-
-809 Googul.--Amygris Agalocha (Roxb.) sweet and bitter, hot and
-aperient; increases appetite; increases the bulk of the solids, and
-is aphrodisiac; reunites fractured bones, discusses indurations;
-used in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, boils, eruptions,
-ill-conditioned ulcers, seminal weakness, Juzam, Soorkhbad, debility,
-emaciation, sweating sickness, acne, and swellings. The older
-it is the more effectual. It forms an ingredient in all favorite
-formul. A. Mukul. One kind is called Bhainsia Googul.
-
-810 Goondinie.--A common fruit of Hindostan, of a red color, and fine
-coat, about the size of the Khalsa, or larger, and more oval. It is
-aperient, suppurant, and vermifuge. It is sweet and cool; of use in
-cough and flatulence, but if taken in quantity, produces nausea.
-
-811 Gooha.--A name for Perestpirnie; also the name of an insect like
-the cricket, but larger; it makes much noise in the rains.
-
-812 Goolur.--"Ficus Glomerata." A common fruit; when young, it is
-green, but when ripe, it becomes red, and in this state it is filled
-with small insects; it is said that if eaten without being opened,
-it will be found beneficial for the eyes. It is called cool and dry;
-some say hot and moist: but in my opinion it is cool and moist,
-and decreases bile. My father prescribed it in its unripe state in
-laxities of the bowels, and also in bleeding piles. The physicians of
-India have described it as astringent; it is slow of digestion. The
-bark of the tree is useful in ulcers, and as an external application
-in severe bruises. Water drank after its use, produces pain in
-the bowels. The Goolur eat with barley-meal or sugar, is useful in
-giddiness and heat in the liver. Its milk applied to boils, hasten
-suppuration or resolution.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Goolur is cool and moist; useful in bilious complaints, heat, thirst,
-and running at the nose from heat. The decoction of the bark removes
-poison from wounds inflicted by the claws of the tiger, cat, or other
-animal. The root bruised in water is useful in dysentery, in a dose
-of two direms.
-
-813 Goonma.--"Pharnaceum mollugo." The plant grows in waste and wild
-places, and is very common. It is about a yard high, and grows in the
-rains; it is many-flowered; and when young they are of a red color,
-but become grey when dry, and full of small holes; they are round
-and curled.
-
-814 Koonda.--Koonda, called also Pita. A. Midjdubeh, and in
-P. Puzdubeh. It is a creeper; its leaves like the Gourd leaf, or
-larger; its fruit twice as large as a melon. When unripe, it is
-cooling, and useful in bilious disorders and wind; it increases
-mucus. When ripe, it is sweet and pungent; it is equal in its
-properties; light; creates appetite; assists digestion; useful in
-disorders of the stomach and of the three secretions. The fibres of
-its root, its leaves, and branches, are sweet; beneficial in disorders
-of wind and mucus; are lithontriptic: the soft part of the fruit is
-sweet, removes gravel and other disorders of the urinary bladder;
-cures bilious disorders, and is aphrodisiac. The particular mode
-of administering it, I have described in my other works. It is
-very useful as an aphrodisiac, and for increasing the bulk of the
-solids. Cucurbita Pepo.
-
-Its sherbet is useful in all the disorders above mentioned, also in
-depression of spirits from heat, in mania or disordered imagination;
-increases appetite and evacuates bile.
-
-
-The sherbet is thus prepared:
-
-A piece is cut off from the end of the fruit, and the inside scooped
-out till the hand can be admitted; this is to be filled with fine
-sugar, taking care to preserve all the juice. The divided piece is
-then to be re-applied, the division secured with moistened flour;
-it is then placed in the sun, during the hot season, for four days,
-or in the cold weather for a week. It by this process becomes acid
-like oxymel; the juice is then taken out, strained, and seasoned
-with cardamums, saffron, musk, and cloves, or other articles as may
-be deemed proper, and preserved in bottles for use; the dose is four
-tolahs, but it will not keep good beyond a week.
-
-815 Khaer.--Vide Kut. "Acacia Catechu, Mimosa Catechu. Chadira, S." A
-tree of the jungles, from which Catechu is produced. It is called
-also Cudder. "One of the best applications in ulcers I ever tried, is
-composed of Catechu, Camphor, and white lead, in equal parts."--Trans.
-
-816 Geerehti.--A plant, about a yard high, or less; the largest kind
-is named Geerehta, also Mahabela. Its leaves are larger, as well
-as the tree, than the Geerehtee; but the latter is to be preferred
-as a medicine. It is sweet, cool, moist, and astringent, useful in
-Soorkhbad, disorders of bile, affections of the uterus, and clears
-the complexion.
-
-817 Kherie.--An earth of a white color used in cleaning houses;
-one kind of it is called Goorboghan.
-
-818 Kyrnie.--One kind of it is named Chupuk. It is the fruit of a
-very large tree, of a yellow color, about the size of a date, but
-thicker; both kinds are cool and moist, heavy and tonic; useful in
-thirst, delirium, heaviness of the head, and disorders of all the
-secretions. If the kernel is bruised in water and applied to the
-eyes, it will remove opacities of the cornea--this I know from my
-grand-father's experience.
-
-In my opinion, it is cardiac and stomachic, and gently astringent;
-when ripe it is very generally useful. Some have called it hot in the
-second and dry in the first degree. If eaten when unripe, there is fear
-of its producing cholic. Its corrector is dhaie. The kernel is bitter.
-
-819 Koontanduk.--A kind of Rice, like the Saatee in its properties.
-
-820 Ghora.--P. Asp. The horse; its meat is sweet to the taste, but
-bitter in digestion. It is light, creates appetite, increases bile and
-mucus, beneficial in disorders of wind, and increases aphrodisia. It
-is generally tonic, and strengthens the eyes. I have often eat of it,
-and believe it to be hot and tonic, but it is hurtful to those of hot
-temperament. In some countries, it is used as food, and it was so used
-by Vizier Nawab Kumruddin Khan. I have remarked, that when used in
-this country as food by the natives of other countries, it produces
-a fermentation in the blood, and consequent eruptions in the mouth
-and tongue. Its properties are particularly noticed in Yunani works,
-and I have conversed with many who considered the milk of the mare
-excellent as a stomachic and aphrodisiac.
-
-821 Khutmul.--P. Saas. A. Fusafush. It is bred in beds or other
-furniture. Its smell is very useful in epilepsy; bruised in water
-and used as an injection into the urethra, it will be found useful
-in suppression of urine.
-
-822 Kujoor.--Phoenix dactylifera or Phoenix Silvestris or
-Khurjoor. A. Kittub. It has many fruits, even to the number of many
-hundreds: in its properties it is very similar to the Pind-Kajoor.
-
-823 Khaperia.--A. Tooti. P. Sungbusseri. It is useful in affections of
-the eyes and eye sight. Its powder beneficial for cleaning and healing
-ulcers. Its ointment I have noticed in my other publications. I have
-known a person who used it commonly as a tonic to the stomach, and for
-correcting laxities of the bowels. It is also used in Indian Recipes,
-but I have never seen that any physician of celebrity recommended
-its use.
-
-824 Keera or Kheera. One kind of this is bitter, but both are
-cool and dry, diuretic, and aperient; useful in disorders of bile,
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in suppression of urine. The ripe fruit
-is sweet and little astringent. The Balum-kheera is a kind of this,
-but of less efficacy. The large kind, from its efficacy and scarcity,
-was usually sent to the emperor by the Marwar Rajah. It is highly
-spoken of for the cure of Remittent Fever.
-
-825 Khand.--Heavy, creating appetite, tonic, aperient; useful in
-thirst, general heat, delirium, disorders of bile and wind; but if
-eaten to excess it produces bile.
-
-826 Khylakhylie.--A name for Silleekha. Its rind is hard and thick,
-and of a round shape; it is of a reddish clay color. It is the bark
-of a tree; some say it is not the Silleekha, but that it nearly
-resembles it. It forms an ingredient in formul for strengthening
-the loins and kidnies. It dries up the vagina, and is used by women
-in the cold season as an ingredient in Peendie.
-
-827 Ghekwaar or Ghwar. "Aloe Perfoliata, W. Ghrita Cumari and Taruni,
-S. Elwa (the gum), H. Musebber, A. Suc d'Aloes (the gum), F. Glausinde
-Aloe, G. Aloe, I. Aloe, Sp." It is the Sibr plant, and is in height
-about a yard, becoming small towards the top; it is full of juice of
-an offensive smell; it (the leaf) is serrated on the edges, and is of a
-green color. It is bitter, cool, and aperient, useful in affections of
-the spleen and liver, disorders of mucus, bile, blood, fever, blisters,
-and hardness of the skin; and slightly increases bile. If rubbed with
-water on the hands, fire may be held with impunity. Its juice is well
-known as a medicine, mixed with anise seed; it is excellent in pains
-of the bowels. I have written more of its virtues in my other works,
-and the prescription there mentioned is excellent in all disorders
-from cold. The pulp of the leaf with alum and opium is excellent in
-ophthalmia; its juice dropt into the eye.
-
-828 Goongchee.--"Abrus Precatorius. Gooncha, H. Gunja, S. The
-seed called Retti, H. Rectica, S. The root of the plant coincides
-very exactly in appearance, taste, and medicinal qualities with the
-liquorice root, and is sold for it in the bazar; vide Glycine Abrus,
-Linn, Flem."
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Goongchee, called also Retti, is hot and dry; its dose one direm. In
-the opinion of the people of India, it is cool and dry in the third
-degree. It is emetic, and violently purgative, and is considered a
-poison. If the Goongchee is reduced to a coarse powder, moistened
-with water, and bruised and fried in sweet oil, till it is dissolved;
-this oil applied in the morning to the head, and washed off at night,
-and this repeated for 21 days, it will greatly increase the growth
-of the hair; its leaves and branches thus prepared have the same effect
-
-If the Red Goongcha, having its bark peeled off, be coarse pounded
-to the quantity of eight ounces, and boiled in eight pounds of cow's
-milk, till only three pounds remain, then coagulated, and its butter
-extracted; the butter will reproduce hair on any parts which may have
-been deprived of it by venereal or other disease, and the effect will
-take place by its continuance for a fortnight. The white Goonchee,
-in the quantity of two direms, given internally for three days,
-with sugar, to a woman, will render her barren.
-
-829 Khelowrie.--The name for the composition of certain pills, about
-the size of Peepul seed, sold covered with silver leaf; they are highly
-scented, and improve the smell of the mouth; they enliven the spirits
-and strengthen the stomach. They are made of Kuth in this manner:
-
-The Catechu is first mixed well with water, and the precipitate
-taken for use. This is boiled in cow's milk, or sometimes in the
-above-mentioned water; then Musk Amber and Rose-water are added,
-or the distilled water of Keora, and from this the pills are formed.
-
-830 Khull.--A name for Kus'boosum seem; the refuse of Till. It is
-heavy and flatulent, weakens eye-sight; is aphrodisiac; and is used
-as a soap to remove grease from the hands.
-
-831 Khopra.--A name for Narzeel. Its properties mentioned in Yunani
-works.
-
-832 Khewumberie.--The wild fig; useful in white leprosy. All
-Indian physicians use the root in this disease, both internally and
-externally; some have called it hot, others cold; it is likewise
-named Kewumber.
-
-833 Khesoo.--A root; the leaf of its tree resembles a tiger's
-claws. Its flower is yellow; the tree large and common all over the
-jungles, and becomes of a red color like fire.
-
-834 Khynth.--A tree of India; its fruit acid like the apple when
-unripe; it is light; cures thirst, hiccup, disorders of wind and
-bile. It clears the throat; is difficult of digestion, and strengthens
-the stomach, and is lithontriptic; beneficial in fulness of the head,
-and is cool and dry in the second degree.
-
-835 Gheyd.--A kind of Vulture. Its flesh is beneficial in disorders of
-the eyes; it is a bird of prey; hot and dry: it is of a black color,
-though some have described it as grey. The Baaz and Joorra are used
-in hawking. A. Okab, P. Aal.
-
-836 Kinchua.--A name of Kherrateen. The earth-worm. It is used in
-oil and fomentation as an aphrodisiac, and for this purpose the most
-powerful is the Lumbricus discharged from the human subject.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-It is said, that if the Kinchua be dried and mixed with dhaie, it will
-contract the vagina. If it be mixed with sweet oil, and boiled, and
-in this Zaftroomie (pitch) be dissolved, and the mixture externally
-applied, it will increase the size of the male organ. From the worm a
-kind of copper is procured, which is called in India Paak Tamba. If
-put in the mouth it has this effect, that the taste of the neeb, or
-pungency of chunam will not be perceptible. It is an antidote to all
-animal as well as vegetable poisons, and hydrophobia; useful in want
-of power in the digestive organs and pains in the bowels. Its powder
-is useful in the Soorkhbad, and kept in the mouth, prevents thirst;
-and if kept about the person a snake will not approach or bite. Thus
-prepared:--The fresh worms are taken and put into a copper vessel,
-over them is poured lime juice, and the vessel well luted, is placed
-on the fire; when well boiled, the medicine will be found adhering
-to the top and sides of the vessel.
-
-
-Another mode.
-
-Take of white lead and borax, each eight direms; turmeric and
-bullock's bile, each four direms; worms and honey, each 24 direms;
-mix and fry the whole in cow's ghee, and when fried, make the mass
-into balls. Place these balls in an earthen vessel on the fire, and
-by means of bellows increase the heat, and keep it so, for some time;
-and when taken off the fire, the Paak Tamba will be found in small
-grains at the bottom.
-
-837 Gyndha.--Rhinoceros. A four-footed beast, larger than the
-buffaloe. Its skin black and indented; it is very hard, and used for
-making shields, which are held in great estimation. It has a horn
-near its nose. Its flesh is used in disorders of wind, and decreases
-urine and fces. The smoke of the horn while burning is excellent in
-the cure of piles, and for producing easy labour; drinking water from
-a cup made of the horn will also cure the piles. P. Kurguddun.
-
-838 Kenkra.--Its flesh is cool, and strengthens the seven component
-parts of the body; is aphrodisiac, and remedies profuse discharge of
-the menses. "The Crab."
-
-839 Kesur or Kunkum. Saffron. It is pungent and hot; exhilirates
-the spirit; useful in hiccup and in affections of the skin from a
-taint in the blood; it is beneficial in head-ache; allays vomiting;
-is vermifuge; cures boils and disorders of the three secretions,
-and cleans the complexion. P. Zaffraan.
-
-840 Kyte.--When unripe, it is light; induces costiveness; used in
-disorders of the three secretions. When ripe, it becomes of a bitterish
-sweet, and is useful in dropsy, eruptions of the mouth, and in wind. It
-is heavy, clears the throat, is slow of digestion, and allays thirst.
-
-841 Kytiputtrie.--Its leaves resemble the Kyte; it is hot and pungent;
-used in disorders from poison, phlegm in the throat, and seminal
-weakness.
-
-842 Kyloot.--Cool, astringent; useful in eruptions of the mouth,
-in mucus, and flatulent disorders.
-
-843 Keora.--Pandanus Odoratissimus, (Roxb.) It is like the Ketki,
-but it is twice as large; its leaves are prickly, and about the
-same thickness throughout. It is in fact like a head of Indian
-corn before its leaves recede. It has a very powerful, penetrating,
-diffusible scent, more perceptible at a distance than when close;
-and after it is dried the smell remains. If it is put amongst linen,
-the smell will adhere to it for a length of time. The plant is about
-12 feet high; its leaves resemble the Juwar, and are long and trefoil,
-with prickles upon all of them; it flowers when four years old. Earth
-is thrown up round the roots every year. In the Deccan and in Behar,
-it is very common. A distilled water is made from its flowers, which
-is cardiac and stomachic.
-
-844 Kethki.--Also Pandanus Odoratissimus, for it is a kind of
-Keora. The Sirrunkethkie is also a species of this.
-
-845 Kewanch.--Sweet, hot, heavy, and aphrodisiac; produces an increased
-secretion of semen. Its seed is useful in disorders of wind, and is
-also aphrodisiac. It is a name for Kabeakudje, and that is a species of
-Curruf's junglee. It is also a name for Dolichos Pruriens or Cow-itch.
-
-846 Kela.--Musa Paradisiaca. The Plantain or Banana. The tree is
-straight, about the height of a spear. Its leaves, when young,
-come out in the form of a round ruler, and are soft as satin,
-and much resembling it, with cross marks resembling the plaits of
-cloth. The leaf when expanded is very long and broad. Its flower is
-a hard substance, of a pyramidal shape, and covered with leaves of a
-dark-red color. Every tree which has flowered bears 70 or 80 plantains,
-formed in distinct rows round a centre stem, and the tree bears only
-once. And the fruit ripe, the tree must be cut down, to leave room
-for others to spring up from the same root. There are many kinds of
-this fruit. The best kind is small, and called Imrutbean; and the
-people of India have said that the camphor is produced from it: but
-those who say so are ignorant, the camphor tree is very different. Its
-root is tonic; beneficial in disorders of bile, blood, and mucus, and
-in gonorrhoea; but it weakens aphrodisia. The fruit is sweet, cool,
-moist, and heavy; increases flatulence and mucus; useful in disorders
-of bile, blood, wind, and heat of the chest. A. Mooz. The natives of
-India dress the unripe fruit with meat, or even dress it alone; and
-the Hindoos dress the heart of the branches for food. This I have
-found very effectual as an aphrodisiac and for increasing semen,
-and as a tonic to the brain. It weakens the stomach, and is heavy;
-its corrector is cardamum seed. The Yunani physicians say, that its
-correctors are honey, gum, and ginger.
-
-847 Keetkarode.--A name for Baraicund.
-
-848 Keekur or Babool. "Acacia Arabica, W. Babool, H. Barbura,
-S. Babool ka Goond (the gum), H. The bark, like that of most of
-the Acacias, is a powerful astringent, and is used as a substitute
-for Oak bark in tanning by leather-manufacturers in India. Gomme
-Arabique, F. Arabischen Gummi, G. Gomma Arabica, I. Vullam pisin,
-Tam." A common prickly tree of the jungles; its leaves very numerous
-and small; it is of two kinds, a large and a small. The young trees
-have very numerous prickles, the old trees have fewer; its bark kept
-in the mouth relieves cough. Its leaves heated and applied to the eye
-removes heat and inflammation; both kinds are astringent, hot, and
-pungent, useful in cough, mucus, and diseases proceeding from mucus;
-restrain laxatives of the bowels, and are useful in piles. The young
-leaves infused for a night in water, in the morning bruised in the
-water, and this drank, will be found very useful in gonorrhoea and
-itchiness of the bladder.
-
-849 Keet or Keetie. The refuse or scori of iron; it is sweet, pungent,
-and hot; beneficial in wind, worms, cholicks, seminal weakness,
-and swellings.
-
-850 Gehoon.--A name for Gundum. A. Hinta. It is oleaginous and slow
-of digestion; facilitates the junction of fractured bones. Is soft,
-tonic, useful in mucus, and increases semen. Its oil is beneficial in
-Daad and swellings from vitiated bile. The oil is thus made:--White
-Gehoon is moistened for a night in water, and in the morning the oil
-is extracted.
-
-851 Geroo.--It is sweet, astringent, and cool; useful in ulcers;
-clears the skin; beneficial in piles, heat, and incipient phlegmon. It
-resembles the Gilermonie, and is often substituted for it.
-
-852 Laak.--Common lac is a kind of wax, formed by the Coccus Lacca:
-cool, moist; clears the color of the skin; is aphrodisiac; useful
-in disorders of mucus, blood, bile; and is vermifuge. It also cures
-boils, eruptions, acne, bruises, and Juzam, and removes possession
-by evil spirits. I have found it to be very aphrodisiac.
-
-This is the gum of the Baer tree. There is one kind of Seed Lac,
-which when melted becomes like this.
-
-853 Lahi.--A name for Ulsee.
-
-854 Langullie.--The name of a shrub, pungent and hot; useful in
-disorders of wind, mucus, and ulcers, also in affections of the
-stomach and bowels; is laxative.
-
-855 Lubhera.--Hot; antidote to poison; useful in blisters, boils,
-acne, and Juzam; strengthens the hair of the head; is aphrodisiac;
-useful in disorders of wind, blood, and in hectic fever.
-
-856 Lublie or Lolie. A high tree with very numerous leaves and
-branches; the leaves are smooth and shining, and when rubbed, have
-a sweet smell: they are of a yellowish color. Its bark is soft
-and flexible; the fruit like the Malkungnie, but of a dark-purple
-color. The properties of the fruit are, that it cures disorders
-of blood, and piles, superabundance of wind, and eruptions of the
-mouth. It is light, and the kernel of the seed is of the same nature.
-
-857 Lutoobrie.--Called also Soonitjhal. The plant is about half a yard
-in height, it grows in the hot weather on the banks of the rivers or
-near water; brought in contact with the skin, it produces itching
-and pimples. The Hindoos use it as pickles by cutting the branches
-in pieces, infusing them in water for several days till they become
-sour. It is hot, and its juice very useful in ringworm. It in the
-first place causes a great discharge of water from the parts, and
-then heals them up. If it is bruised and applied for three days to
-parts void of sensation, it will produce blisters, and the water being
-discharged, and common ointment applied to the parts, the cure will
-be found complete. It dissipates wind. The leaves resemble Tirriteruk;
-the flower is yellow like the Baboona.
-
-858 Lydoaloo.--"Mimosa Natans." Bitter, astringent, and cool; used in
-the cure of disorders of mucus and bile, eruptions from diffusion of
-bile, pains or inflammation in the female parts of generation, and
-restrains diarrhoea. It is sensitive, and contracts to the touch. I
-have seen the plants, and noticed that the leaves resembled those of
-the tamarind, but are smaller. Its branches small, with very minute
-prickles. It is said that it grows to a yard in height, and that it
-is so very sensitive that it contracts if a shadow passes over it.
-
-859 Lichmuna.--The female called Lichmunie. It is cool, aperient,
-and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind, bile and mucus. It is
-the name of the Nuffaa, also called the small Kuthui.
-
-860 Lichmiphill.--A name for Bele.
-
-861 Lichkutch.--A name for Burhel, also called Lukitch.
-
-862 Lukmunia and Lukmunie. Names for Litchmuna. In A. called Beroogus
-sunum. P. Mirdumgeea.
-
-863 Loodh'phup.--Sweet, cool, moist, and light; tonic, astringent,
-and diuretic; relieves disorders of bile, and slightly increases
-mucus and wind.
-
-864 Lodh.--"Simplocus Racemosa." A kind of this is white. I have
-not seen the tree; the bark is brought from the hills; thick, and
-of a white color; both kinds are astringent, cool, and aperient;
-strengthens the eyes; beneficial in disorders of mucus, blood, and
-swellings; useful in vomiting of blood, and is laxative. Its flower
-is sweet, bitter, and astringent; of use in affections of the eyes and
-mucus; increases the consistence of semen, and is an ingredient in all
-aphrodisiac formul. The particular manner of its administration I have
-given in my other publications. The Lodh Pytanee is a kind of this.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Lodh is of two kinds, one from Guzeerat, of a reddish clear color,
-the other from the hills of Hindustan, of a dirty greenish hue, and
-underneath reddish. The latter is used by the dyers, and the former
-in medicine. It is beneficial in disorders of the eyes; it is cool,
-dry, and astringent; restrains vomiting of blood; generally styptic,
-and as a cold application, removes pain of the eye. Dose one miskal.
-
-865 Lawa.--"Perdix Chinensis." A bird smaller than the partridge;
-of this the people of India have enumerated four kinds--Bansal,
-Goruk, Goonderuck, and Durber. The meat of three of them is cool,
-moist, cardiac, astringent, and stomachic. The first kind is hot,
-increases mucus, and beneficial in disorders of wind. The second kind
-is useful in mucous disorders. The third kind is light; its properties
-in equilibrium; useful as food for the debilitated.
-
-866 Loonia.--"Portulaca oleracea." Culinary greens; another kind
-is called Koonder. Both are saltish to the taste, and sweet during
-digestion; cool and dry, heavy and aperient; increase wind and
-flatulent swellings of the abdomen, also bile and mucus. The other
-kind is understood to be hot; useful in difficulty of breathing,
-disorders of mucus, and increases flatulence.
-
-867 Loha.--Ferrum, Iron. Ayas, S. Sweet and astringent, cool and
-aphrodisiac, aperient and heavy; useful in disorders of mucus and
-bile, and in swellings; it produces wind. Its scori are called
-Rubusool hudeed; it is given both in powder and pills: the method of
-its preparation I have given in my other works. I have given iron in
-piles from cold, also for strengthening the stomach, for lengthening
-aphrodisia, and generally as an aphrodisiac. I have also exhibited it
-with success in dropsy. It is commonly used by physicians in India,
-but my advice is to have as little to do with it as possible.
-
-868 Long.--"Caryophillus Aromaticus." A. Kurnphul. Its properties
-are particularized in Yunani works. If it be introduced into an
-apple, and the apple left to dry, then taken out, I have found it
-an excellent tonic to the stomach, possessing a cardiac property,
-useful in vomiting, and aiding digestion. The apple also will have
-become possessed of the same qualities.
-
-869 Lobaan.--"Libanus Thurifera, Coll. Boswellia, Roxb. Olibanum,
-Frankincense. Encens, F. Styrax Benzoin, Murr. Resin of Boswellia
-serrata, Roxb." The vizier of Ackber Shah has written, that this is a
-gum brought from beyond sea. It has a fine and penetrating smell when
-burnt; some call it Meeayabisa. It is very plentiful in this country.
-
-It would seem to be hot in the 2nd degree. In the refined state,
-it is most powerful, and very little of it will be sufficient.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Loban is called in P. Hussunluba. The people of India know it as a gum;
-its color is red, and mixed with pieces of white and black as large
-as a cowrie. It is hot in the 2nd degree and dry in the 1st. Its
-internal use is tonic to the stomach and brain; it discusses wind,
-removes phlegm, and is useful for removing running at the nose. In
-those of a hot temperament it removes head-ache. Its corrector is oil
-of the Banufsha or Khushkhash. Its succedaneum Ladun and Mastichi
-in equal parts. The dose is from half direm to two direms. What is
-called in India Sut Loban is white, clear, and shining, like Talc,
-and is much used in mucous disorders and in paralysis. It is also
-beneficial in bad breath. It is stomachic, aphrodisiac, and assists
-digestion. The dose two soorkhs in Paan. The expressed oil, applied
-to the penis, is aphrodisiac, and also useful in disorders of mucus.
-
-870 Loni.--P. Neemuk, q. v.
-
-871 Lolie.--A name for Lublie.
-
-872 Lomrie.--The Fox. A name for the Sheghal or Sial.
-
-873 Longmushk.--The name of a flower; its shrub about two yards in
-height, but of great diameter. It is white, sweet-smelling, hot,
-cardiac, and strengthens the brain.
-
-874 Lobeia.--"Dolichos Sinensis." A common culinary grain; hot and
-dry; creates flatulence; is diuretic, and increases the menstrual
-flux. It has also the effect of producing very unpleasant dreams.
-
-The red Lobeia procures the expulsion of the dead foetus ex
-utero, and if ate with cow's ghee, it strengthens the digestive
-organs. A. Dizzer. P. Bakla.
-
-875 Lahsun.--"Allium Sativum, W. Lasuna, S. Ail, F. Knoblauch,
-G. Aglio, I. Ajo Sativo, S." Hot and moist; heavy, aperient,
-aphrodisiac; promotes digestion, and is useful externally in sprains
-and hurts; increases the hair and knowledge, also bile and blood;
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing, cough,
-Badgola, intermittent fever, swellings, piles, Juzam, and seminal
-weakness. It is vermifuge, tonic, and cures loss of appetite. It is
-an ingredient in all favorite prescriptions.
-
-Its sherbet I have used with much effect in cases of paralysis. One
-kind of Lahsun is called Agbooptah. A. Mowseer. As a tonic, this is
-to be preferred, and its pickles are held in great estimation.
-
-876 Lasora.--"Sobestens Cordia Myxa, W. A. Sepista." Its leaves bruised
-and applied to ill-conditioned ulcers, will cure them in 10 days.
-
-877 Lahusoonia.--A kind of Dedawrie. A. Aynulhur. See
-Vidoorie.
-
-878 Malkungnie.--"Ceanothus Americanus? Celastrus." A seed resembling
-Anbus saleb, but smaller and variegated; its upper rind is green,
-inside which is red, and withinside this is found the seed fine long
-and of a reddish color; it is bitter and pungent, hot and aperient;
-useful in affections of wind and mucus, difficulty of breathing, and
-cough. It increases understanding and memory. In India, those who try
-its effects use it in many ways. One method is to eat one seed the
-first day, two the 2nd, and so on, increasing by one till 40 seeds
-are eaten in a day, then decrease in the same proportion. Some use
-it this way for only eight days, after which they continue to take
-this quantity without increase, and during its use, they abstain
-from all acids, sour milk, radishes, Till, limes, mustard, and other
-articles of this nature; during this time also, they separate beds
-from their wives.
-
-It increases the tone of the vessels; preserves health and strength.
-
-The Hindoos enumerate many virtues of which the drug is possessed. It
-is understood to be hot in the 1st degree, and dry in the 3rd. It is
-a favorite ingredient in fomentations, unguents, and prescriptions
-for aphrodisia and paralysis. It is in very general use.
-
-879 Madhooie.--A flower of India; cool and light, and useful in
-disorders of the three secretions.
-
-880 Mansrowhnee.--A purgative medicine, useful in disorders of wind,
-bile, and mucus, and is aphrodisiac.
-
-881 Maak.--Phaseolus Max. A name for Aorde, called also Maash; it is
-sweet during digestion; hot, heavy and aphrodisiac; used in disorders
-of wind; is tonic; a preservative to health, increases semen, milk,
-and fat; also mucus and bile; clears the urinary secretion; beneficial
-in piles, paralysis, affections of the liver, difficulty of breathing,
-and Badgola; said to be useful in cholic, but as to the three latter,
-I am not so certain about them, and suspect it might prove more likely
-to increase them.
-
-882 Maad.--The water in which rice has been boiled, and in which the
-rice has become decomposed; it is cool, astringent; creates appetite;
-expels wind, mucus and bile; softens the muscles, and is beneficial
-in bilious or mucous fevers.
-
-883 Maien.--Acid, astringent, cool, and light; contracts the vagina;
-useful in dysentery, disorders of bile, blood, and mucus; also
-affections of the throat. A. Kuzmazidge. P. Kurmar.
-
-884 Maachik.--A name for honey of a reddish color; it is sweet, cool,
-dry, and light; reduces corpulency, strengthens vision, increases
-understanding, and beneficial in seminal weakness. The fresh kind
-is moist and aperient; that which is old is dry, and if heated is
-hurtful. I mean that which has been fermented, and that produced in
-hot climates.
-
-885 Majoophill or Maijphill. A. Affix. "Alleppo Galls, Quercus Cerris,
-Quercus Robur." It is hot and astringent; useful in wind; blackens
-the hair, and contracts the vagina.
-
-886 Maankund.--A name for Istolekund.
-
-887 Malook.--A name for Palook.
-
-888 Mahesingie.--The author of the Dhara Shekoi has called this the
-water-scorpion; see Beechoo.
-
-889 Maat.--The name of a culinary green, used as food. If the root of
-this plant be cleared of the bark, and 100 tolahs of this be boiled
-in 100 tolahs of milk, and as much fine honey, over a gentle fire,
-taken out and put in a vessel for use, it will be found highly useful
-in reproducing the secretion of milk in the breast of a woman, and
-is thus used: The woman is to anoint her body with sweet oil, then
-bathe in warm water, after which a little of this to be ate, and care
-taken that no wind obtain admission to the place where she sleeps;
-this done for 14 days, milk will be produced in great abundance.
-
-890 Maashpurnie.--Obtains its name from its leaves resembling Maash;
-it is called also Makonie; it is cool, dry, sweet, and pungent to
-the taste. Increases semen and mucus; useful in fever, eruptions of
-the mouth, dryness of the fauces, disorders of blood, and costiveness.
-
-891 Muttur.--"Pisum Sativum. P. Kusshuba." Hot, heavy, and aperient;
-increases wind, bile, and blood; is diuretic, and increases secretion
-of milk; useful in external swellings and disorders of mucus, weakens
-eye-sight and decreases semen. One kind is called Betla, and another is
-very small; both of these are sweet to the taste; in digestion cool,
-light, and astringent; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and bile,
-and it is the best food for cows.
-
-892 Muttreegurba.--The eggs of fish. Moist, heavy, and aphrodisiac;
-tonic; induces corpulency, increases mucus and the bulk of the solids;
-brings on heaviness of the spirits and indolence, and cures seminal
-weakness.
-
-893 Muchechi.--Cool and astringent; useful in Juzam, disorders of
-bile and blood, and is vermifuge.
-
-894 Mucheli.--Hot, moist, heavy, aphrodisiac, and tonic; increases
-phlegm and bile; beneficial in the seven dhats, and useful in disorders
-of wind.
-
-The river fish is the best, and most powerful as an aphrodisiac,
-and tonic. The tank fish are cool, heavy, moist, and aphrodisiac,
-also diuretic. Well fish are aphrodisiac and diuretic, increase mucus,
-cause disorders of the bowels and Juzam, and are flatulent. The fish
-of jheels, or large pieces of water, have the same properties as
-the tank fish; and those of small pools or puddles are sweet, moist,
-tonic, and useful, and cure disorders of wind. Salt-water fish produce
-bile in a slight degree, and are heavy. All fish induce costiveness
-and decrease the strength of the eyes, and the clearer the water,
-the more beneficial and more powerful are the properties of the
-fish. It will be prudent not to use well fish in cold weather. One
-kind of fish is very small, and named Pothee, q. v.
-
-895 Mujeeth.--'Rubia Munjith, Roxb. MS. Sp. ch. pentandrous,
-perennial, scandent, branches with four hisped angles, leaves quatern,
-long-petioled, cordate, acuminate, 5-7-nerved, hisped.' "Madder: given
-in the quantity of one pice weight in milk, several times repeated,
-its effects are very powerful; it affects the whole nervous system,
-produces profuse sweating, temporary delirium, mental agony and tears,
-with an evident determination to the uterine system."--Trans.
-
-A root of a red color, used by the dyers. It is an emmenagogue, and
-its taste is sweet, bitter, astringent; hot and heavy; clears the
-voice and complexion; useful in disorders from poison, mucus, blood,
-swellings, ophthalmia, itchiness of the liver, pains, in the female
-parts of generation; Juzam, eruptions, acne, boils, seminal weakness,
-and dysentery. Its green leaves are sweet to the taste, moist, and
-create appetite, and beneficial in bilious disorders. A. Foo. H. Aal,
-q. v.
-
-896 Moojkund.--A small plant; pungent, bitter; useful in mucous
-disorders, cough, and itch. It is very common in hilly countries.
-
-897 Mudhraa.--A name for Kakoli, from its sweet taste so called.
-
-898 Muddenphill.--A name for Mynphill.
-
-899 Mudden.--A name for Moom.
-
-900 Mudh.--Honey.
-
-901 Moodukpurnie or Rakanie. Cool; beneficial in cough, wind,
-blood, bilious heat, fever, semen, and eye-sight; it is also
-called Maagpurnie. It is called Mudukpurnie, from its leaf so nearly
-resembling that of the Moong; Muduk being a name for Moong, and purn,
-a leaf.
-
-902 Mudhoolka.--A kind of grain; its properties the same as the
-Muckund.
-
-903 Mudhkurkuttie.--A kind of rice; sweet, cool, and heavy; increases
-blood and causes eruptions in the mouth.
-
-904 Moorhurrie.--Sweet and bitter, heavy and aperient; cures disorders
-of bile, blood, mucus, wind, thirst, affections of the heart, itch,
-Juzam, and fever.
-
-905 Moora.--A leaf resembling the Mendhi, brought from Lahore;
-cool and light; cures possession from evil spirits; is vermifuge,
-and useful in disorders of bile, wind, and blood; also in Juzam.
-
-906 Merg.--P. Ahoo. Its flesh is sweeter than of any other animal;
-a little acid and saltish; bitter, pungent, and astringent; it is
-cool and light, flatulent; creates appetite; useful in disorders of
-all the secretions; is tonic, cardiac, beneficial in fever, and is
-an excellent medicated food.
-
-907 Murua.--Some say this is hot and light in the 3rd degree, and some
-that it is in equilibrio; it loosens mucus from the head, and dispels
-wind. If boiled in vinegar, and used as an external application to the
-head, it will remove obstructions that produce head-ache. Prepared
-in this way, it also removes swellings or eruptions caused by heat
-or irritating applications. It is cardiac and stomachic, discusses
-collections of bile, removes the effects of any animal poison, Juzam,
-and disorders of mucus and wind. Is vermifuge. A. Isoomulphar.
-
-908 Moorhuttee or Mudhserda. Cool, heavy, tonic, and aperient; allays
-thirst and nausea, and relieves disorders of bile. A. Isilloosoos;
-it is the Baboonie.
-
-909 Merch.--"Piper Nigrum, W. Maricha, San. Poivre, F." Pungent,
-penetrating, stimulant, carminative; hot and dry; useful in disorders
-of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing, and internal itchiness;
-is vermifuge; expels bile, and assists digestion.
-
-910 Merchai.--A name for Hubboneel; hot, dry, and laxative; removes
-viscid bile, also mucus and worms.
-
-911 Mursa.--"Amaranthus oleraceus. A potherb." An esculent,
-succulent vegetable, which when boiled with salt and butter is sweet,
-high-flavored, and aperient.
-
-912 Mernal.--The stem of the Kawul flower.
-
-913 Murorphillie.--"Helieteres Isora." A medicine of
-India. P. Kistburkisht (Sheeraree Pechuc); a long twisted shrub,
-having a single flower, of a purple color; its leaves resemble the
-scorpion's tail; hot and dry in the 2nd degree; some call it hot
-in the 1st and dry in the 2nd degree. It assists digestion, and
-clears the skin; removes thickened and viscid mucus, and forms an
-ingredient in all children's medicines. As an external application,
-it is useful in swellings from cold, in itch or daad, expels wind,
-and decreases milk or semen; its corrector is Hubbeh senobir; its
-succedaneum thrice its weight of Sibr (aloes). Dose one direm.
-
-914 Missie.--A shrub of India, about a yard high; its branches thin
-and its leaves like the Kussowndie: its branches are knotted, and when
-slit open, an insect is found in them, which is given to the Boolbul,
-when training them to fight. Its flower is very small, of a reddish
-yellow, like the Gowzeban; it is also called the Kakjunga, q. v.
-
-915 Musoor.--P. Adiess. A common grain of the pea tribe; cool, light,
-and astringent; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood, and
-is sweet during digestion.
-
-916 Mustchagundka.--A kind of sugar, useful in eruptions from diffused
-bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.
-
-917 Mukoond.--Sweet to the taste; bitter in digestion; hot and dry;
-light; decreases corpulence; induces costiveness and wind; it is a
-kind of grain.
-
-918 Muggur.--A. Tumsa. (The Alligator.) Its flesh is greasy and heavy;
-used in disorders of wind, and increases mucus and semen.
-
-919 Muko.--A name for Anbus saleb. P. Sugangoor. Very beneficial in
-swellings. Its juice is useful in increasing the eyesight, and for
-restraining the menstrual flux; cool and moist.
-
-920 Mug Peepul.--A kind of Peepul.
-
-921 Moogta Sukut.--A name for the shell of the pearl-oyster; it is
-sweet and pungent, used in mucous disorders, difficulty of breathing,
-pains of the chest and bowels, and loss of appetite.
-
-922 Moogtaphill.--A name for the pearl.
-
-923 Mukhara.--Commonly called Mukhana, Euryale ferox. It is cool and
-heavy, useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood; is aphrodisiac,
-and increases semen; and is found very beneficial to women after
-labor. It is often called Talmukhana, but it is quite a different
-medicine.
-
-924 Mullagheer.--The name of a tree, the wood of which is very heavy,
-and full of veins. It is brought from a distance; when pounded,
-it is of a reddish black color, has fine smell, and is used in
-India for dying and for giving a pleasant odour to clothes. It is
-cardiac, strengthens the brain, and gives a pleasant effluvia to the
-perspiration; cures discolorations of the skin of the face, and in
-some Indian works is called a species of Sandal. Its properties are
-the same with Rukutchunden.
-
-925 Mulleka.--A kind of the flower of the Rai-bele: it is hot, light,
-aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind, eruptions of the mouth, and
-all affections thereof.
-
-926 Mulleen.--A root of India, of a clay color; hot, dry, and pungent;
-if bruised and applied to the head, it kills vermin; it destroys
-maggots in ulcers; the leaves possess the same property. I knew a
-man who had severe head-aches from maggots in the brain: I squeezed
-the juice of this into the nose, it killed and brought them away.
-
-927 Moondie.--A. Raderyoos. "Spheranthus Indicus." It is also called
-Tuppodenie, so denominated from its being used in penance; if any one
-preserves a constant respect for this, he will become the peculiar
-favorite of Heaven. It is also called Srawanie; this name is derived
-from the circumstance of its bearing fruit in the month Srawun. The
-leaf is somewhat like the mint, the flower round or globulated, and
-of a rose-color; it has a sweet smell, and is a medicine of great
-virtue. It is sweet and a little bitter, but very much so during
-digestion; it is hot, light; increases understanding; is vermifuge;
-useful in boils and eruptions of an obstinate nature; is pungent; cures
-pains in the parts of generation of the female, marasmus, gonorrhoea,
-and disorders of bile. If the plant be pulled out by the root before
-it flowers, and dried in the shade, and ate with wheat flour, cow's
-ghee, and sugar, it will restore and preserve youth, and prevent the
-hair from becoming grey; and if pounded and often used in powder,
-it will be found peculiarly tonic. If its seed be ate with sugar,
-it will preserve health to the extreme of old age.
-
-An old man is said to have eaten a preparation of this for a year
-constantly: the strength of youth was restored to him, and he lived to
-the age of 205 years. The physicians of India declare this to be the
-basis of the Elixir Vit. If the plant is taken before it flowers,
-and is bruised and eaten with ghee and honey, both the strength and
-appearance of youth will be preserved. Indeed, the extent of its
-virtues is only known to the most scientific of physicians. If its
-flowers are eaten for 40 days, the same effect will be produced;
-and the root used without intermission for a year, incalculable
-benefit will be the result. If the root and leaves be bruised and
-eaten for three days, with cow's milk and honey, it will be found
-highly aphrodisiac. If one of the seeds be swallowed without water,
-the eye-sight will be preserved, and no affection of the eyes will
-take place for a year. If two are swallowed, the eye-sight will be
-preserved for two years, and so on. I used it myself in my infancy,
-or early days, and have preserved my sight in a wonderful manner. My
-uncle used the distilled water of this, in depression of the spirits,
-and as a cardiac, with great success: he sometimes distilled from
-equal parts of this and Gowjeban, at other times with other cardiac
-medicines. If half a masha of the oil of this be ate with Paan in the
-cold weather, it will produce a genial warmth over the body; it will
-also remove affections from cold, and be found aphrodisiac. The oil
-is thus procured:
-
-The plant is moistened with water, and then rubbed between the
-hands with any sweet-scented oil, but not too much; it is then to
-be extracted in the same manner as that of Agur is procured. If a
-chittack of the following oil be eaten daily for 40 days, and during
-this time abstaining from intercourse with woman, it will be found
-that the aphrodisiac power will have become so great, that it will
-seem wonderful. It is thus prepared:
-
-Take the leaves, root, and all parts of the plant; bruise them,
-sprinkling a little water over them; then squeeze out 20 seers of the
-juice, and add to it five seers of sweet oil; boil the whole till the
-juice shall have evaporated, and the residue is the oil. Some use the
-medicine in this manner. During the months of August and September,
-with cow's ghee. In April and May, with honey. In June and July, with
-sugar. In February and March, with congee. In October and November,
-with cow's milk; and in December and January, with sour milk. The
-author of the Dhara Shekoi has said that the root is to be bruised in a
-copper vessel, with a pestle of the Neeb tree, adding a little water,
-till it has become black; then taken up by dipping cotton into it,
-and preserved for use. In the ophthalmia, a little of the cotton
-moistened and applied to the eye, will remove the disease.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Moondie is a medicine of India, of two kinds, a large and small;
-its flowers are like buttons, and it is of a bitterish, astringent
-taste. It is cool and dry in the 1st degree, and is, in the opinion
-of some, in equilibrium: both kinds of it are beneficial in disorders
-of the blood, white leprosy, epilepsy, heart-burn, elephantiasis,
-cough, incessant vomiting, diarrhoea, flatulence, all disorders of
-the eyes, feverish head-ache, itch, heat in the chest, marasmus,
-and all bilious disorders; it creates appetite, and is aphrodisiac.
-
-928 Munn.--P. Morhoemarh. A. Hujuroolheya. A stone found in the nape
-of the neck of a snake of the Cobra species, but it is not found in
-all; when in the reptile, it is soft, but it hardens by exposure to
-the air. It has a variegated surface, and its virtues are these,
-that if rubbed on a blue or black woollen cloth, it will deprive
-the cloth of its color; also, if applied to any part bitten by a
-reptile, it will adhere till it shall have extracted the poison. If
-it be put into milk, it will change its color. If it is applied to
-the bite of a snake, it will extract the poison. And if it be eaten,
-no snake can ever by its bite produce hurtful effects on your system.
-
-929 Munsul.--Bitter, pungent, hot, and moist; heavy and aperient;
-an antidote to poisons; cures affections of mucus, blood, difficulty
-of breathing, and cough; clears the color of the skin, reduces
-corpulency; and removes possession by evil spirits. It is called
-Zernikh Soorkh. "Red Sulphuret of Arsenic."
-
-930 Moondookpurnie.--A kind of Birumbie.
-
-931 Mundar.--A small shrub, of two kinds; both bitter, pungent, hot,
-and laxative; useful in disorders of mucus, and increase of fat in
-the abdomen, itch, and swellings; and is an antidote to poisons.
-
-932 Moot.--P. Shasha, or Kumeer. A. Bowl. Urine. That of cows,
-buffaloes, horses, goats, camels, rams, and men, is saltish and
-bitter; dry, light, aperient, and cardiac; increases appetite and
-relish for food; useful in general swellings; clears the brain and
-all excretory passages; increases bile; beneficial in disorders of
-wind, Badgola, piles, and dropsy; is vermifuge, and used in Juzam,
-marasmus, flatulence, internal itchiness, and want of appetite.
-
-Cow's is the best and most effectual. Elephant's urine is an
-antidote to poisons, and generally vermifuge; useful in Juzam and
-Badgola. Buffalo's, beneficial in swellings, Badgola, piles, marasmus,
-and seminal weakness. Horse's is aperient; cures disorders of mucus,
-and Daad. Goat's is an antidote to poisons; removes difficulty
-of breathing, jaundice, and marasmus. Ram's cures emaciation,
-swellings, Juzam, piles, seminal weakness, and costiveness. Ass's is
-lithontriptic; useful in seminal weakness, Juzam, idiotism, internal
-itchiness, and dropsy, and is vermifuge.
-
-Human urine is an antidote to poison, and particularly tonic. When
-a choice is to be made between male and female, this rule may be
-observed. Of the cow, sheep, and goat, the female; of elephant, horse,
-camel, and ass, the male; also the male of the human subject. Should a
-person at any time feel symptoms of indigestion, and be afraid of the
-consequences, a little of his own urine will relieve all unpleasant
-sensations and expedite digestion, but this can only be resorted to
-by people of no caste.
-
-933 Monje.--The leaf and external fibrous covering of a kind of reed
-like grass, used to make rope. It is equally cold and hot; useful in
-acne, disorders of blood, diseases of the eyes, and all complaints
-affecting the urinary bladder, or urethra.
-
-934 Mooser.--Sweet, bitter, heavy; promotes appetite, cures piles
-and disorders of wind; increases semen, and is an ingredient in all
-tonic prescriptions. I fancy this is the Shukakool.
-
-935 Moocherus.--"Bombax Heptaphyllum. The tree." The gum of the
-Sembill tree, also so named by the author of the Dhara Shekoi, but
-it is commonly understood to be the flower of the Soopearie tree. It
-is cool, heavy, and astringent; increases semen; restrains diarrhoea;
-increases the tone of the digestive organs; removes disorders of blood,
-bile, mucus, and general heat.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Moocherus is of two kinds, one according to some is the gum of the
-Sahajena, and by the account of others, that of the Sembill tree. It
-is red, heavy, and difficult of digestion. The other kind is the
-flower of the Soopearie; both kinds are cool, dry, astringent, and
-aphrodisiac; strengthen the back, kidnies, and loins; increase semen,
-and lengthen aphrodisia. Its corrector is sugar and cow's ghee. The
-succedaneum is Kummarkuss.
-
-936 Mohuk also Bohuk; useful in disorders of mucus and wind, and
-slightly increases bile; some have said that this is the Mowa.
-
-937 Mokhun.--The name of a tree, hot and astringent; useful in diseases
-of wind and mucus, in worms in the stomach, and pain therefrom,
-rheumatic pains in the joints and bones, and its gum is aphrodisiac;
-increases the bulk of the muscles, and of use in disorders of bile
-and wind.
-
-938 Moong.--"Phaseolus Mungo." And one kind, which grows wild. It
-is cool, dry, light, and astringent; used in disorders of mucus and
-bile; strengthens the eyes, and is fit and proper food for the sick;
-it however weakens the stomach--this I know by experience. If given
-to a person of weak digestive organs, it will be passed unchanged,
-although other food will be digested. I therefore conclude that it
-is too difficult of assimilation to be used with advantage, as here
-recommended. It weakens aphrodisia. P. Maash.
-
-939 Moth.--A grain of India; cool; some say in equilibrium. It is
-dry, quick of digestion, and if used with cow's ghee, its flavor will
-be much improved. It cleanses the blood, is sweet during digestion,
-relieves wind, and removes laxities of the bowels; some indeed have
-called it aperient: cures mucus disorders, strokes of the wind or sun,
-and removes fever. It produces worms.
-
-940 More.--The Peacock? Its flesh is hot, aphrodisiac, and tonic;
-beneficial in diseases of the ear, colds, dryness, and creates
-appetite; increases understanding, thickens the hair of the
-head, strengthens eye-sight, cleans the voice, and beautifies the
-complexion. It ought to be ate in the cold season, as it is not so
-beneficial in the hot winds and rains. P. Taous.
-
-941 Morba.--A medicine of India. Its root hard, and of a clay color;
-hot and dry in the 2nd degree: used as an external application in
-swellings of the throat, and one direm of it eaten, it will loosen
-phlegm from the throat.
-
-942 Motha.--"Cyperus rotundus. Cyperus pertenuis, Roxb." A name for
-Saad; bitter, astringent, and cool; inducing costiveness; assisting
-digestion; used in disorders of blood, mucus, bile, and fever;
-removes thirst, and is vermifuge.
-
-943 Moom.--Soft and greasy, cures pain of bruises; and boils; assists
-the growth of granulations in wounds, and the junction of fractured
-bones; useful in affections of wind, blood, and Juzam. A. Shuma.
-
-944 Mookul..--Restrains laxities of the bowels, is heavy and tonic;
-useful in disorders of bile and wind, creates appetite, and is very
-aphrodisiac.
-
-945 Moolie or Moolug.--Hot and light, creates appetite, clears the
-voice, benefits affections of the throat, the olfactory nerves,
-and the three secretions; dried, it is light and very beneficial in
-piles, swelling, stone and gravel. Salt extracted from the radish
-in the usual way, by being dried and burned, is diuretic; useful in
-suppressions of urine, and promotes digestion.
-
-946 Motie.--Its properties nearly resembling those of Chunder Kanth,
-q. v.
-
-947 Moonga.--A name for Mirjhan; bitter and sweet; useful in disorders
-of bile, heat, wind, and mucus; increases semen and is cardiac.
-
-948 Mowlserie.--Mimusops Elengi. Bukool, H. Sweet, astringent, and
-cool; causes intoxication, raises the spirits and is an antidote to
-poisons. Its flowers have a sweet smell; the fruit is cool, sweet,
-and astringent; improves the color of the skin, and imparts a pleasant
-taste to the mouth. I have found the fruit to be cardiac and stomachic;
-the root is beneficial in seminal weakness, in strengthening the loins,
-and increasing the consistence of semen. Its name is also Bowlserie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Bowlserie is cool and dry; its bark and root useful in thickening
-semen, and remedying too great seminal irritability: if its bark
-is boiled in milk, and as a gargle, it will remove tooth-ache. The
-flowers are somewhat hot, cardiac, and stomachic; its distilled water
-is intoxicating, and useful in disorders of bile, thirst, and delirium.
-
-949 Mooslee or Mooslicund.--Sweet and cool; removes bile and heat;
-increases a proper secretion of mucus, and if eaten with sweet oil,
-it will relieve discharges from the nose from cold. Used with rock
-salt, it will increase appetite; with water it will remove pains in the
-bowels. It is of several kinds: black and white. The former resembles
-the Shakakool, but the bark of the Shakakool is white, whereas this
-is black; the white kind is thin, and resembles Mahi roobyan, called
-also Mooslie Dukanee. Another kind is also white, and thinner than
-the black kind, yet thicker than the Dukanee. All three kinds are
-used in aphrodisiac formul; some have called it hot, and useful in
-piles and disorders of wind. If half a direm be taken with Zeera, it
-will be found beneficial in Jaundice; and if taken with equal parts
-of good ginger, it will cure indigestion. If eaten with the leaves
-of Punskisht in equal parts, it will remedy offensive perspiration,
-and with Streephill, it will remove seminal weakness; with Peepul,
-it will cure Hydrophobia, and with Anula it cures intermittents.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Mooslie is of two kinds, black and white; the black is called Mooslie
-Dukanee, dry in the first degree, and hot in the second; some say
-hot in the first degree and dry in the second. It is aphrodisiac, and
-increases semen; removes head-ache from phlegm and seminal weakness, (3
-direms with as much of the white of the cocoanut.) In giddiness it is
-administered with honey; as a tonic with milk and Isgun; for injuries
-of the labi and vagina with Darfelfil; for carbuncle with Zemicund;
-for dropsy, with camel's milk or Mocoe water. As an antidote to poison,
-with Kawanch seed; in quartan ague, with cold water; in Soorkhbad,
-with Tirphilla; in habitual fever, with cow's urine; in pains in the
-bowels, with hot-water; in the bite of a snake, with sugar, honey,
-or Tincar; in deafness, with mint or Kanjee for seven days; in black
-jaundice, with Baberung; and for gonorrhoea or diabetes, with water.
-
-In the opinion of the Hindoos, this is the best of all medicines,
-and the black kind the most powerful for medicinal purposes.
-
-950 Moorsheka.--A tree, whose leaves growing like the plume of the
-peacock, has obtained for it this name. It is sweet and acid; useful
-in disorders of bile, wind, mucus, and heat.
-
-951 Mogra.--"Jasminum Zambac. Magorium." A flower very common; sweet
-and cool, and of a pleasant smell; raises the spirits; removes bile;
-improves weakness of sight, affections of the mouth, and ulcers. There
-are seven kinds of it.
-
-952 Musakunie.--A shrub of two kinds, the first rises only about
-four inches, more or less, and has on both sides of it two leaves,
-like a mouse; the other kind remains on the ground, like the leaf of
-the Doodie. Its flower is of a blue color; the first kind is scarce:
-both are hot, bitter, and diuretic, and useful in disorders of bile
-and mucus; it is called Murzunjoosh.
-
-953 Maha Moondie.--A kind of Moondie, of a larger kind; its flower as
-large as the Kudum flower; its properties the same as the Bhoomkudum.
-
-954 Mahwa.--"Bassia latifolia." A tree as large as the mangoe; its
-leaves large and thick; its wood used in building, very common to the
-eastward. A spirit is distilled from its flower; its fruit is named
-Kelownda; the unripe shell of it dressed with meat much improves its
-flavor. It is hot and dry. One kind of it is named Rahisphill. The
-decoction, the distilled water and spirit, have an offensive smell,
-produce giddiness, and much subsequent uneasiness. The flower when
-just blown is white, but as it becomes ripe assumes a yellow color
-like the Benowlee, but larger, and it is sweet to the taste. The
-kernel of its fruit gives an oil of a white color, and is used to
-adulterate ghee. Its properties are said to be, that it is useful in
-mucus and wind, and cicatrizes wounds.
-
-Its flower is cool and heavy; aphrodisiac; increases the secretion
-of milk and semen, also mucus; useful in disorders of bile, blood,
-wind, and in hectic fever. Called Goolchukan.
-
-955 Mahkee.--Its flesh is sweet to the taste; hot and moist, also
-heavy; useful in disorders of wind, and has a soporific property. It
-is aphrodisiac, increases semen, strengthens memory, and preserves
-health. It is a name for the buffalo. A. Jamoos.
-
-956 Mohoka.--"Cuculus Castaneus, Buch." A bird, the note of which is
-sounded okok, it is also called Uka. Its brain mixed with perfumes,
-and used as a cephalic in cases of palsy of the tongue, and paralysis,
-produces sneezing, and gives relief. Its blood is used to extract
-thorns or heads of arrows from the flesh. Its brain, mixed with sugar
-and given to children, produces distinct articulation. The flesh is
-said to be hot and dry, and to strengthen memory. Its fces is used
-as a medicine in difficulty of breathing.
-
-957 Mahaneem.--"Melia sempervirens, W. The leaves of this species of
-the bead tree have a nauseous taste, devoid of astringency. Flem." Its
-taste is bitter and astringent; it is cool and dry; removes laxities
-of the bowels; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood. Is
-vermifuge; allays vomiting and nausea, and is very powerful in
-Juzam. It is commonly called Bucaen. Shaikh Boo Ali Seyna, in his
-work called Kanoon, has written, that Azad is the name of a poisonous
-tree; and Hakeem Ally has written, that the Azad is the Bucaen tree;
-others too have followed him up, and stated it to be the Bucaen: but
-as I have repeatedly exhibited the Bucaen, I know that it possesses no
-poisonous qualities, consequently this must either be a mistake or a
-false statement. In the Moasoodie, it is written, that the Bucaen is a
-tree of India, cool, dry, astringent, vermifuge, beneficial in Juzam,
-eruptions, disorders of blood, and that it is lithontriptic. If three
-direms of the seed in powder be taken, it will be found useful in
-piles, and stop the discharge from bleeding piles; a fumigation of
-the seeds will also be found useful. The young leaves bruised and
-taken will correct an increased discharge of the menstrual flux;
-the leaves heated and applied to piles, or the loins in lumbago,
-will give great relief, and as an application to boils it exceeds the
-Neem in virtue. The seeds bruised and rubbed among the hair will kill
-vermin; and the bark burnt, and with equal parts of Kuth, applied to
-the mouth, will cure eruptions.
-
-958 Mendi.--A name for Hinna, "Lawsonia Inermis."
-
-959 Mahasutawurie.--A kind of Shatawur.
-
-960 Mahawunth.--A kind of Kudum.
-
-961 Mahameed.--A species of this is called Meede. Both are cool, heavy,
-sweet to the taste; improve the senses; are powerfully tonic; increase
-milk and semen; are aphrodisiac, increase phlegm, cure eruptions from
-cold, cough from bile, but increase cough from phlegm. This medicine
-is very scarce, and seldom met with.
-
-962 Mahawur.--Its properties come near those of the Lac. It is useful
-in discoloured specks on the face, and acne punctata; bruised and
-introduced into the ear, it cures the ear-ache.
-
-963 Mendi Anwul.--A kind of Anwul.
-
-964 Mayursuka.--Light; cures disorders of bile and mucus, and restrains
-laxities of the bowels.
-
-965 Mayoorshuka.--The Moorshuka.
-
-966 Mendha.--P. Meshe. Its flesh is heavy, moist, tonic; increases
-wind and bile. This is the name of the male, and his meat is preferable
-to the female. "Ram."
-
-967 Mynphill.--"Gardenia Dumetorum, Ken. Vangueria Spinosa,
-Roxb." Bitter and hot, astringent and dry, light and emetic; useful
-in disorders of mucus and Juzam, swellings, flatulence, and dryness
-of the seven Dhats, Badgola, and is suppurating.
-
-968 Methie.--"Trigonella Foenum-grcum, Wild." Hot and dry; exhilarates
-the spirits; creates appetite; induces costiveness; is vermifuge, and
-decreases semen. Its seed is useful in cough, nausea, and disorders
-of mucus. A. Hoolba.
-
-969 Mydhasingie.--A kind of Doodie.
-
-970 Myoorjung.--A name for Aoloo; obtains its name from its stem
-resembling in straightness the peacock's leg.
-
-971 Meed.--Vide Mahameed.
-
-972 Meetanimboo.--Called also, Rajenimboophill, and in
-P. Shukurleemboo.
-
-973 Nalee or Narie.--A small plant, which lies on the ground. Its
-leaves somewhat like the tamarind leaf. In some works the Narie is
-separately described. Its qualities are hot, and it is discutient;
-useful in affections of wind from cold; is laxative and beneficial
-in disorders of the mouth.
-
-974 Naryil.--"Cocos nucifera." A tree like the Taar or Khoojoor;
-its fruit is oval, and betwixt that and its covering is a fibrous
-substance in considerable quantities; its weight from half a rittal
-to one or more. It is cool; slow of digestion; expels gravel;
-induces costiveness; is aphrodisiac and tonic; useful in disorders
-of wind, blood, bile, general heat; and its water is cool, light
-and cardiac; increases appetite and semen. If not quickly drunk,
-and has become fermented, it produces some degree of intoxication,
-raises the spirits, and is tonic. Its cheese, when first produced,
-resembles milk, and is said to be very sweet; it afterwards becomes
-hardened, and increases semen, wind, and disorders of bile. Bullienas,
-a physician, has related, that if a torch is made of the rind and
-coir, and burnt in the midst of a large company, it will produce so
-soporific an effect as to put them all to sleep.
-
-975 Naringee.--Some have stated this to be a name for Narinje, but
-this is a mistake; it is produced in Indostan. Its properties are
-less powerful than Sungterra or Kowla, but its acid greater.
-
-"Narinje is the Citrus Aurantium, or Nagaranga, San. Rind stomachic;
-juice acid and bitter."
-
-976 Nagesur.--"Mesua ferrea." Indian rose chestnut? A seed smaller than
-the Kubabcheenee; the plant is thin, and its stem long. It is dry,
-light, corrects indigested food; cures or removes offensive smell
-from the perspiration; useful in Juzam, acne, mucus, and poisons;
-it is said to be a name for Narmusk.
-
-977 Nagdown.--Mugwort? Cures boils and eruptions, and is an antidote
-to the poison of spiders and snakes. A. Huleyoon, Artemisia Vulgaris.
-
-978 Nagdumnie.--A wood resembling a snake, from which it obtains its
-name. It coils round like the snake, and may easily be mistaken for
-that reptile. It is bitter; increases the size of the muscles; is tonic
-and light; used in disorders of bile and mucus, gonorrhoea, eruptions,
-Lues Venerea, and poisons; it remedies laxities of the bowels.
-
-979 Murdok.--A shrub, found in the hills; its leaves like those of
-the cucumber, its root called Davaun nemr. The leopard eats the root,
-which produces a swelling near its tail on the back: this is called
-Hadjurun nemr. P. Nirkpulung. This if bruised, and applied to the
-carbuncle, will expedite its cure; and if a woman applies it to the
-parts of generation, she will not conceive; and if her husband visits
-another woman after having been with her, she will not conceive. It
-is a runnet, and coagulates milk. If preserved about your person,
-and you visit a baker's shop, the bread will fall from the oven into
-the fire. It is about the size of a clove of garlic, and is variegated
-on its surface like the skin of the tiger.
-
-980 Nadey.--A species of Jamin.
-
-981 Nagarmotha.--A name for Motha. Cyperus Pertenuis.
-
-982 Nagbulla.--Sweet, acid, and astringent; hot and slow of digestion;
-useful in itch and ulcers, also in disorders of bile.
-
-983 Naaoe.--A common shrub, very hot; useful in disorders of wind
-and mucus; produces appetite; assists digestion. Its leaves used as
-a culinary vegetable.
-
-984 Nirbissie.--A name for Jedwar. "Curcuma Zedoaria. Amomum
-Zedoaria. Kempferia Rotunda." Sp. ch. Spikes lateral, bulbs small,
-with long yellow palmated tubers; leaves broad-lanceolar, sub-sessile
-on their sheath, sericeous underneath; color uniform green. Banhildie;
-pungent and cool; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, and every
-kind of poison. Is tonic; carminative; useful in flatulent cholic,
-but it increases ulcers.
-
-985 Nerkutchoor.--See Kutchoor.
-
-986 Nergoondie.--Resembles Rootki, but smaller and black. The author of
-the Ulfaz has without due enquiry pronounced this to be the Sumhaloo,
-but this is a different plant. It is hot and dry, useful in disorders
-of mucus.
-
-987 Neyrmellie.--"Strychnos Potatorum, W. Cataca, San." It is cool
-and dry, some say it is in equilibrium. If bruised and mixed with foul
-water, it will clear, and purify it. If bruised in water, and applied
-to the umbilicus, it will relieve the griping pain of dysentery. If
-bruised, and applied to the eyes, it will strengthen eye-sight; also
-if applied to the bite of a snake, it will remove the effects of the
-poison. If eight grains of it be mixed with a little water and sugar,
-and drank, it will be found beneficial in gonorrhoea. I have seen this
-in my uncle's receipt book, but the dose was not there specified. If
-four grains of this be bruised in water, and mixed with dhaie, and
-left in a covered China vessel for a night, and taken in the morning,
-it will relieve suppression of urine, gonorrhoea, chordee, and bloody
-urine; but it must be used for a week.
-
-988 Niswut or Mahaseyama, or Ritchita. It is a little bitter and
-sweet; also bitter during digestion. It is hot and dry; laxative;
-relieves wind; useful in fever, disorders of bile, mucus, dropsy,
-and swellings. The black kind is a poison and very hurtful; it is a
-powerful drastic purgative; produces insensibility, heat, giddiness,
-and injures the voice.
-
-989 Nuk Is of two kinds, both sweet to the taste; hot and light;
-removes possession by evil spirits; beneficial in disorders of wind,
-mucus, and blood; is an antidote to poisons; cardiac, and clears the
-complexion, called Uzfarooteeb.
-
-990 Nukchecknie.--A name for Koondush. It is a low shrub, does not
-rise from the ground; its leaves like the Tirrateruk; its flower
-like the Neemb. It produces eruptions in the mouth, beneficial in
-disorders of wind and phlegm, and is vermifuge. It is called Chicknie.
-
-
-Maadentezerrubad.
-
-Nukchikenie is a medicine of India, hot and dry; expels wind;
-beneficial in mucus, paralysis, and paralytic complaints, loss of
-memory, pains in the joints, and is aphrodisiac. If one seer of this
-with quarter seer of sweet oil, and half the weight of Mulkungnie,
-be put into an earthen vessel, and its oil extracted in the manner
-described under the head Puttaljuntur, and given in the quantity of
-four soorkhs in Paan, it will be useful in all the above-mentioned
-complaints, and in all mucous disorders. It will be advisable to
-use this medicine only in the cold weather, as it is, in itself,
-very hot and powerful.
-
-991 Nullwa.--Cool; strengthens the eye-sight; useful in bilious
-disorders, affections of the blood, Juzam, difficulty of voiding urine,
-general heat, mucus, and acne.
-
-992 Null or Nullie; grows in watery and moist places; it is cool, and
-useful in disorders of the eyes, in eruptions of the mouth or apth;
-clears the blood; clears and dries the vagina, and is diuretic. Some
-have called it heating.
-
-993 Nemuk Chitchera Is thus made. Take two bundles of that kind
-of Chitchera, which has inverted prickles, reduce it to ashes, and
-collect them into a vessel; then add a great quantity of water, and
-mix and wash it well with the hand; leave it for a night, add more
-water, put it into a cloth, and let it strain through slowly by drops;
-boil the clear fluid till the salt will precipitate or crystallize.
-
-994 Nemuk Soonchur also called Nemuk Sia. "Muriate of
-soda. Bitlaban. Kala Nemuck, H." A tonic in dyspepsia or gout; a
-deobstruent in obstructions of the spleen and mysenteric glands of
-children; a stimulant in chronic rheumatism and palsy; a vermifuge. An
-analysis of the black salt gave,
-
-"Black oxide of iron, six grains; sulphur, 14 grains; muriate of
-lime, 12 grains; muriate of soda, 444 grains; loss four grains =
-480 grains." It is thus prepared: Take two seers of Anula, one seer
-of Ashkhur, bruise both and mix them with 20 seers of rock-salt,
-also bruised; put the whole into a vessel, cover the vessel with a
-cloth, all except the mouth; lute this cloth well with soft clay,
-and place it in the sun to dry. When perfectly dry, put it on the
-fire, (let the mouth of the vessel be rather small.) Keep constantly
-stirring it with an iron spatula or spoon; when well boiled and mixed,
-take it off and allow it to cool; then add Tinkhar, Jawakhar, Tilkh,
-Kibreeth, sweet salt, and soot, equal parts; mix all well together,
-and add a quantity of salt-water; then boil the whole down, and strain
-as directed under the head Nemuk Chitchera.
-
-995 Nemuk Kutchloon.--The salt of glass, called Muskhoo Koonia, also
-Zoobdat ul Kawareer. It is the froth of glass; it creates appetite;
-clears the blood: there is another kind of salt called Budhloon. This
-is hot and stomachic; restrains laxities of the bowels, pains, and
-consequent swellings of the urinary bladder, heaviness, and stuffing
-of the chest, disorders of wind and mucus; also expels wind.
-
-996 Nemuk Udhbidh.--The common Unkaloon; this is a kind of black
-salt; it is light; clears the blood; it is speedy in its effects,
-and as an external application, and it expels wind.
-
-997 Nemuk Soendha.--Sweet to the taste; cool, moist, and light;
-promotes appetite and digestion. Is cardiac, strengthens vision,
-and is useful in wind and bile.
-
-998 Nekund Baaperi.--A medicine of India, called also Oontura or
-Anere. It is hot and moist. If used as much as can be held in the
-palm of the hand, for a year, no poison will prove hurtful; in fact it
-counteracts the poison of snakes, and all other poisons. If two direms
-be eaten with as much aniseseed, for six months, the hair will not
-become white; two direms ate with dhaie, will be found effectual in
-gonorrhoea. Eaten with the leaves of the lime tree, and four seeds of
-peepul, it will cure obstinate fevers; with goat's milk, will cure
-quartans; with Foifil for three months, will cure white leprosy,
-also foulness of the blood, Juzam, boils, and scabies.
-
-999 Nundbyrchun or Nundbyrkha. Hot and light, and in its properties
-resembling the peepul; indeed it is reckoned a species of that
-tree. It is useful in disorders of mucus, blood, poisons, boils,
-and cuticular eruptions.
-
-1000 Nunahuld.--The small turmeric, called also Mameeran.
-
-1001 Newarrie.--A flower in India, like the Chumbeley, but has no
-smell. It is of two kinds, one procured in the hot season, the other
-in the rains; the second kind is also called Newalie. Both are pungent,
-light, and useful in disorders of all the secretions.
-
-1002 Nowsader.--"Muriate of Ammonia. Sal Ammoniac, F. Salmiak, G. Sale
-Ammoniaco, I. Sal Ammoniaco, Sp. Also Nowshader"; very pungent salt,
-and as a medicine or application, speedily effectual. It is aperient,
-beneficial in cholics, dropsy, costiveness, and pains in the bowels.
-
-1003 Nowllee.--The young leaves of the lime tree; they have a sweet
-and grateful smell.
-
-1004 Neeturbala.--Cool, dry, and light; produces appetite and
-digestion; cures eruptions of diffused bile; bilious and mucous
-disorders, general heat, boils, and eruptions. Some say, that this is
-the Nalee, but this is a mistake, for Nalee is the name of a different
-medicine, though it may be that of both. As the Neeturbala is seldom
-met with, a substitute is used in the branches of the Neelophir, dried.
-
-1005 Neela Totha.--P. Tootia Subs. It is of two kinds, both aperient,
-and useful in scabies and Juzam, disorders from poison, and mucus;
-is vermifuge; reduces corpulency, and is useful in certain diseases
-of the eye.
-
-1006 Neenuk.--Its flesh is sweet to the taste; light, tonic, and
-aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the three secretions. It is a
-kind of Barasingha.
-
-1007 Newla.--In its properties resembling those of the cat. A. Ibn
-Urs. "The mongoose, Ichneumon, Viverra Ichneumon."
-
-1008 Neelkunt.--"Coracias Bengalensis." A bird; its meat is useful
-in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood. P. Subsuk.
-
-1009 Neendie.--"Vitex Nigundo, W. Lagondium Litorium, Rump. Bhemnosi,
-Rheede. Vitex Trifolia. The leaves heated are discutient, effectual in
-dispelling inflammatory swellings of the joints from acute rheumatism,
-and of the testicles from suppressed gonorrhoea."
-
-1010 Neela Sindhuk.--A name for Sumhaloo, (Sobaloo?) P. Punjkysht. A
-kind of the above; both are bitter to the taste, astringent, pungent,
-and light; increase knowledge; strengthen vision; also strengthen the
-hair of the head; remove itchiness of the abdomen and swellings; are
-vermifuge; useful in Juzam, boils, eruptions, and disorders of mucus;
-improve appetite, and relieve cataract. The leaves of the Sumhaloo,
-smoked as tobacco, or equal parts of them and tobacco bruised and
-applied to the part, will cure hydrocele.
-
-1011 Nypaul.--A kind of Chureyta, called also Nupaul Neeb.
-
-1012 Neenboo.--P. Lymboo. Citrus Medica, W. Jambira, S. Refrigerant,
-antiseptic. Peel stomachic. The Lime. It ripens in the hot-weather, and
-attains the size of a hen's egg. It is of a green yellowish color. Its
-rind is very thin, and thence it derives its name Kagsi. One kind of
-it is always in fruit, and a sweet kind of it is called Rajineenboo
-phill. Its properties are particularly noticed in Yunani works. It
-is said in some publications to be an antidote to animal poisons,
-both internally used, and applied to the parts.
-
-1013 Neel.--The indigo, very common in India; hot and bitter; useful
-in boils, affections of the spleen, Soorkhbad, dropsy, strengthening
-the hair of the head; but it weakens memory, and produces giddiness.
-
-Its leaves are used as an application for colouring the hair, and
-are in great estimation on that account. From its heating quality, it
-either decreases or increases a discharge from the nose, according to
-its nature; and when it is used for colouring the hair of the beard,
-cloves ought to be mixed with it, to increase its heating quality,
-when the person is of a cold temperament.
-
-1014 Neelisbund.--A kind of Apirchetta, q. v.
-
-1015 Neeb.--"Melia Azedirachta, W. The pride of India, the leaves of
-a nauseous bitter taste, (devoid of astringency,) Flem."
-
-A very common and large tree of India, much esteemed; it is of four
-kinds, the medicinal properties of all the same. It is astringent
-and bitter; pungent and cool, (some say hot and dry;) some call
-its qualities in equilibrium; it is quick of digestion; useful in
-disorders of bile, wind, and mucus, and I have known it to be of use
-in Juzam and white leprosy. I have also exhibited it with success in
-eruptions and scabies. One man I knew, whose whole body was white from
-leprosy. I prescribed it to him for 40 days, and cured him. I took
-the kernel of the seed, bruised and sifted it, and gave it in the
-quantity that might be contained in the palm of his hand, fasting,
-and prohibited him from using any other kind of food than bread or
-dhal, without salt or ghee.
-
-It is also said by Hukeem Ali to be excellent in curing obstinate old
-ulcers, as also fistula in ano, by the application of its leaves. It is
-given in many and various ways. Its leaves are given fresh, sometimes
-dried and pounded, sometimes its juice is given, often the juice of
-the leaf buds, and not unfrequently its bark. It is likewise given
-mixed with Noora. Its juice is used with Noora to cleanse foul ulcers,
-and to cure carbuncle, and this it effects in a very short time. The
-Noora is added to it in one-eighth of its quantity, and Hukeem Ali has
-declared it to be the best ingredient in ointment that he ever tried.
-
-I have often used the leaves heated as an application to swellings and
-boils; it in some cases resolved them, in others expedited suppuration,
-and in all was beneficial. I have added salt to the bruised leaves
-for the same purpose, and found that it added to its efficacy.
-
-A decoction of the leaves as a fumigation is excellent in discussing
-swellings, and with the addition of the leaves of the Sumhaloo, with
-additional good effect. A fumigation of less heating properties may
-be obtained by the leaves of the Anbassaleb, being substituted for
-the Sumhaloo. The water of this decoction is useful in cleansing foul
-ulcers, and removing pain from the joints.
-
-The Neeb in the opinion of Indian physicians is cool, and Hukeem
-Urzanee has described its qualities as equal. If the decoction is
-used as a wash for the hair, it will darken its color, and increase
-its growth; and if the juice of its young leaves in the quantity of
-five or six direms be taken for seven days, it will cure scabies,
-ring-worm, and all kinds of acne, and it will purify the blood. A
-decoction of the bark of its root will restore suppressed menses,
-and if taken with goor it will produce abortion: prepared in this
-manner it will cure the under-mentioned diseases.
-
-Take of the flower, seed, bark of the root, and leaves (called Punjuk),
-let them be infused for a night in two maunds of water, then bury it
-in the ground for a month, after which distil its water for use.
-
-All species of scabies, white leprosy, Juzam, (when not too far
-advanced,) and disorders of all the secretions. Some mix the Punjuk of
-the Bucaen with the above, and it is said to increase its virtues. If
-the seed be bruised in water, and applied to the head, it will remove
-head-ache. Its juice is vermifuge. If three masha of the leaf buds
-with half masha of black peepul be eaten for 21 days, it will remove
-disorders and foulness of blood; increase the strength of vision, and
-by its juice being introduced into the eyes, will cure night-blindness.
-
-I have given it for cleansing the blood, correcting vitiated bile,
-scabies, idiotism, and all disorders arising from disordered bile,
-thus: By mixing the distilled water, above-mentioned, with filings of
-Sissoo, the leaves, flowers, and bark of the Bucaen, and Shatirra, and
-Surphonka, white Sandal, filed, and Gowzeban, mixed well, and a water
-distilled. It will also be found useful in Juzam and white leprosy.
-
-1016 Neelobe.--The Saruss.
-
-1017 Neelgau.--"The Wild Cow, (a species of Elk.)" Its size is somewhat
-between a horse and ass. Its meat is greasy, hot, and moist; sweet;
-increases the secretion of semen; also bile, and eruptions of the
-apthous kind. It is also called Rooja. A. Bakur ul Vaish.
-
-1018 Nainjooth.--A name for Mameeran.
-
-1019 Neelkunti.--A small shrub of India; its leaves thick in a middling
-degree; its root and flower is blue: also another kind, which grows
-in gardens, is called by this name. Its properties are not known to me.
-
-1020 Vaasun.--Called also Bootee Shaikh Fureed, which also signifies
-a hill.
-
-1021 Vcherkhar.--A name for Nowshakur, also Nowshader; some call
-this a composition, and some say it is the salt Zakoom, made by the
-branches being cut small, burnt, and prepared.
-
-1022 Veedoorie also Bedoorie. A. Ynoolhur. It is commonly known by
-the name Sahroonia; hot, acid, and useful in cholics.
-
-1023 Veroojun.--Also Beroojun. The author of the Kasmi has described
-this as a small stone, or a name for any small stone; some describe
-it as a kind of Jewaheer.
-
-1024 Harsinghar.--"Nyctanthes Arbor Tristis;" also called
-Hursinghar. It grows to about a man's height, and when at the very
-highest, is about 12 feet, though some have seen it even higher. Its
-leaves are pointed, thick, and hard; its flowers small and white;
-their stem red. Its leaves rubbed on ring-worm cure the affection:
-first scaling the part, then healing. It is cool and light; useful in
-disorders of wind, mucus, and bile. It is aphrodisiac, and re-unites
-broken bones.
-
-1025 Haloon.--"The seed of the Cress, or Lepidium Sativum." The seed of
-the Agur; it is smaller than the seed of the Tookbalingha, but thicker,
-and of a red color; it is aphrodisiac and tonic; removes hiccup,
-wind, mucus, and disorders of the blood. It is hot and dry. A. Hurf.
-
-1026 Hudhjora.--The flower of the Hursinghar; it produces the re-union
-of fractured bones, from which property it derives its name. "Cissus
-quadrangularis."
-
-1027 Hoorhoora.--A small plant, with many flowers, of a white color,
-and very small: one kind of it is called Burumseerjela. The first
-kind is cool, heavy, and diuretic; useful in disorders of mucus and
-wind. The second is hot and light; useful in seminal weakness and
-fever; and is lithontriptic, and removes difficulty of voiding urine.
-
-1028 Hurunkherie or Hurunkhoorie. A small plant of India; its leaves
-resembling a deer's hoof, which has given it this title. It is usually
-found in wheat fields; it is hot, and aperient; useful in scabies,
-Juzam, and loss of sensation. If one direm fresh be eaten with 10
-grains of black-pepper, bruised, daily, it will restore lost sensation.
-
-1029 Hurtaal.--"The yellow Sulphuret of Arsenic. Orpiment." Pungent
-and astringent; hot and dry; useful in disorders from poison, scabies,
-Juzam, aphth, disorders of the blood, mucus and bile, fever, and
-possession with evil spirits. It is a common application in scabies,
-and is called Zernikh Zerd. It is of five kinds, yellow, red, green,
-white, and black. The yellow is called Hurtaal, and the white kind is
-used by alchymists in the transmutation of metals; it is in the opinion
-of every one hot and dry in the 3rd or 4th degree; its corrector is
-milk and cow's ghee; its dose four ratties, after it is killed or
-prepared, and is thus much esteemed as a medicine in disorders from
-cold, such as paralysis, epilepsy, affections of the joints, Juzam, and
-white leprosy. It is aphrodisiac, and increases appetite and digestion.
-
-
-It is thus prepared for use in Leprosy.
-
-Take one tolah of yellow arsenic, wash it seven times in milk, then
-grind it for 24 hours, adding as it dries, a little milk, then let
-it dry a little, and make it up into small pills. Then take half
-seer of the Bhurr Tree (the bark), pound it, and put it in a vessel,
-and among the powder put the pills with a little Chunam (lime), above
-and below them; after this, shut the vessel so well up that no smoke
-can escape, put it on the fire, and keep it in a strong heat for six
-hours; then opening the vessel, pour in over the pills a little ghee
-(butter), to cool them. The dose will be one soorkh daily, for seven
-days, abstaining from any thing salt.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take half a tolah of Hurtaal Tubki, bruise it, and grind it with
-milk or the juice of the castor; form it into pills as above. Then
-take of Dharafilfil half a tolah, bruise, and use it in lieu of the
-chunam above alluded to; form the pile of 15 pieces of cow-dung in a
-hole dug in the ground, on these lay the pills, supported and covered
-with the Dharafilfil; over them place an equal number of pieces of
-cow-dung, and set fire to the whole. When it is cold, take out the
-pills, and preserve them for use. Dose half Soorkh.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of the Hurtaal half a direm, bruise and grind it with the juice
-of the Kobee, for six hours, then form it into pills, place them in
-an earthern vessel well luted, then surround it with 10 pounds of
-dried cow-dung, set it on fire, and when cool, remove them. The dose
-one grain or barley corn. Salt prohibited. Given in Paan.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of Hurtaal half a direm, tie it up in a cloth, and let it remain
-for seven days in cow's urine, again for the like period in lime juice,
-and an equal number of days in milk of Mudar. The two first liquids
-are during the seven days to be twice changed, the last changed daily;
-then take out the Hurtaal, and grind it with milk of Mudar for six
-hours, form them into pills, and roast them as recommended in the
-two foregoing methods. The dose the same.
-
-
-Another method.
-
-Take of Hurtaal one direm, the kernel of the Kurinjua one direm,
-Alum one direm; first bruise the Kurinjua and strew the half of it
-over an earthern vessel, with equal parts of Shibyemnie; then put
-over it the Hurtaal, and above that the alum; above all these, put
-the remainder of the Kurinjua; secure the whole as in the last method,
-and roast with 14 pounds of the dried cow-dung.
-
-1030 Hyrbee.--A root of a yellow color; hot, dry, and aperient;
-useful in disorders of bile, mucus, and viscidities of the secretions;
-its dose is from one dang. to half a direm.
-
-1031 Harun.--A name for Myrg.
-
-1032 Hurr.--"Terminalia Chebula, W. The unripe fruit Zengi
-Hur, H. Myrobalans, Terminalia Citrina." A name for Hull; its
-properties particularly described in Yunani works: astringent, sweet,
-laxative. Dose one of the fruits.
-
-1033 Hurbarheorhi.--"Averrhoa acida, Linn. Cicca disticha,
-Gmel. Phyllanthus Cheramela, Roxb."
-
-Or Hrfrhorhi; a common plant; the acid fruit of which is used
-for preserves.
-
-1034 Husthkool.--A kind of Baer, of a middling size.
-
-1035 Husthal.--A kind of Pendhaloo.
-
-1036 Husthuk.--A name for Arnd.
-
-1037 Husthchinkhar.--A name for Kharkhusuk.
-
-1038 Huldee called also Huld; it is pungent and bitter, hot and dry;
-useful in disorders of mucus, bile, blood, acne, seminal weakness,
-swellings, marasmus, and boils. It may be applied in small quantities
-externally, bruised, for the cure of bruises. P. Zerdchooba. A kind
-of this is called An'bhuldie, "Curcuma longa."
-
-1039 Huldia.--The name of a yellow poison; vide Hurtaal.
-
-1040 Hoolhool.--"Cleome viscosa." A plant, about a yard high,
-more or less; its leaves are small and thin towards the branches;
-its seed-vessel is very thin, and contains numerous small black
-seeds. It is round, and bent in the centre; it is used as a culinary
-vegetable. It is hot and pungent; useful in cholic, dropsy, ulcers, and
-ear-aches; swellings, Juzam, and white leprosy. Its leaves, introduced
-into the ear, very useful in ear-ache. It is also beneficial in the
-piles; the parts being washed with a decoction of its leaves. In this
-complaint, the leaves are dressed and eaten with rice; five direms of
-seed ate with twice its weight of sugar before meals, and the meal to
-consist of Kitcheree, with plenty of ghee, (butter,) used for 40 days,
-will effectually remove piles.
-
-1041 Huldoo.--The name of a tree; the wood of which is used in
-buildings; its properties mentioned under the head Darhuld.
-
-1042 Hingote.--A tree; hot in its properties; useful in Juzam, boils,
-and eruptions; is an antidote to poisons, and to possession by evil
-spirits; beneficial in white leprosy and worms in the stomach. Its
-fruit is the size of the large Hurrhoe, and even larger, though when
-dried it remains about that size. The tree is about the size of a
-small Neeb tree.
-
-1043 Hunspeedie.--A small shrub, growing close to the ground;
-its branches thin; its leaves small like the Doodie; it is cool and
-heavy; useful in disorders of blood, poisons, boils, eruptions, acne,
-general heat, and possession by evil spirits. It induces costiveness,
-and is used to counteract the effects of poison of the Tarantula.
-
-1044 Hingpootrie.--It is of two kinds, both pungent and saltish;
-hot and cardiac; assist digestion; beneficial in pains at the heart,
-and of the urinary bladder; induces costiveness; remedies piles,
-disorders of mucus, and Badgola.
-
-1045 Huns.--The flesh is hot and moist; heavy and aphrodisiac; clears
-the voice and complexion; promotes appetite; beneficial in Soorkhbad
-and disorders of bile. P. Haaz.----Goose.
-
-1046 Hhoobaer.--A seed about the size and color of the Phalsa,
-sometimes larger; it is said, that when young, it is red, and when
-ripe it becomes black. It is a kind of hill Serroe; its leaves like
-the Jhow. In its taste, it is pungent and bitter, astringent and hot,
-heavy, and beneficial in disorders of wind, bile, dropsy, and piles;
-is lithontriptic and vermifuge, and in the quantity of three direms,
-it expedites the expulsion of the dead foetus e utero. It will cure
-suppression of the menses, but if ate during pregnancy, will produce
-abortion. A. Abhul.
-
-1047 Heeng.--Pungent and saltish, also hot; promotes appetite and
-digestion; beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus, internal itchiness,
-Badgola, flatulence, and pains in the bowels; is vermifuge; increases
-bile, and is aphrodisiac. It increases the power of all tonics and
-aphrodisiac prescriptions, but the particulars I have mentioned in
-my other works.
-
-1048 Heeraclokhi. A. Dummul Echwder.
-
-1049 Heerakussees.--A kind of Chund Kussees.
-
-1050 Heera.--The name for Almass.
-
-1051 Haimowtie.--A name for Hurrh.
-
-1052 Habooka.--A denomination for Hhoobaer.
-
-1053 Hingool.--A name for Shungirf.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-SENSATIONS OF BURNING IN THE HANDS AND FEET.
-
-This is of two kinds, a dry, and a sweating, kind. The method of cure
-among the natives is as follows:
-
-
-Sweating kind.
-
-Take of Chook, Khoot, Lahoria Nemuk, each two parts; Black Till Oil,
-12 parts; mix and rub in for 14 days.
-
-
-Dry kind.
-
-Let a hole be dug in the earth, and fire kindled therein, till the
-ground becomes well heated; strew the bottom of the excavation with
-Mudar leaves, and sprinkle on them new milk, till the fumes arise. The
-feet to be placed in the hole, on the leaves, and a blanket to be
-spread over, and round the knees, to prevent the escape of the heated
-vapour. In this manner the patient is to sit till the place becomes
-cold; and this is to be repeated for seven days, when the cure will
-be complete.
-
-
-
-In the opinion of the Physicians of Hindostan, the human frame is
-divided into seven principal parts. These are chyle, blood, muscles,
-fat, bones, brain, marrow, and semen.
-
-
-
-
-THE TASTES ARE SIX: VIZ.
-
-
-Sweet, Increasing Semen, milk, eye-sight, asthma,
- obesitas, worms, and affections
- of the throat.
- Curing Wind and bile.
- Cool and stomachic; creating appetite.
-Acid, Increasing Mucus, bile, emaciation, fermentation
- of the blood.
- Curing Wind.
-Salt, Increasing Appetite, digestion, mucus, bile,
- wind, and disorders of blood.
- Curing or decreasing aphrodisia, and
- generally relaxant.
- Light.
-Bitter, Increasing Bile, wind, dryness, and heat.
- Decreases Milk.
- Dry and light.
-Pungent, Increases Appetite and milk.
- Decreases Thirst and fever.
- Dry.
-Astringent, Increases Wind and flatulence.
- Decreases Wounds, ulcers, and laxities.
-
-
-The general prescriptions and favorite formul, mentioned throughout
-the work, are Tonics, which preserve health, lengthen life, and
-strengthen the system.
-
-
-
-The principal secretions or humours are four in number; viz. mucus
-(or phlegm), bile, wind, and blood. When three of these are said to
-be increased or diminished, it is to be understood, that blood is not
-to be included. In fact, it never is, unless particularly specified.
-
-
-
-
-DEGREES.
-
-"The Yunani physicians, in specifying the different degrees of virtue,
-or power of their medicines, include in the
-
-"First Degree.--All those whose effects are not felt in common doses.
-
-"Second Ditto.--Such medicines as have perceptible effects; but in
-a moderate degree.
-
-"Third Ditto.--Those of greater power, the exhibition of which must
-be conducted with caution.
-
-"Fourth Ditto.--All poisons or medicines of any deleterious
-properties."
-
-
-
-
-WEIGHTS.
-
- One soorkh---- one grain.
- One masha---- 8 soorkh.
- One direm---- 3 masha.
- 10 mashas---- one tolah or Rupee.
- One rittal is about 19 tolahs and two mashas.
- One tolah, 12 1/2 mashas.
-
-
-
-
-ABBREVIATIONS.
-
-H. Hindi, P. Persian, A. Arabic, S. Sanscrit, F. French, G. German,
-I. Italian, S. Spanish.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-INDEX.
-
-
-A.
-
-Art.
-Aak, 8
-Aal, 9
-Aaont, 83
-Abbasie, 657
-Abbea, 19
-Abi, 7
-Abnoos, 15
-Abruc, 18
-Aderuck, 29
-Aditt Bagut, 10
-Adjan or Adjain, 26
-Adjmode, 22
-Adjwain, 23
-Adjwain, (Khorasanee,) 24
-Adki, 4
-Aechill, 89
-Aegoor, 88
-Aent, 90
-Aginmunt, Agwunt, 50
-Agunie Char, 55
-Agur, 54
-Agust, 51
-Ahmlee, also Buzuroolreshad, 87
-Aistallkund, 41
-Akaholie, 3
-Akasbele, 56
-Akhroat, 52
-Akirkirra, or Akirkirrh, 53
-Akroat, 52
-Alaechee, 59
-Aloo, (Bochara,) 14
-Alsi, 57
-Alta, 60
-Am, Ambe, Anbe, 1
-Amarbele, 66
-Ambarae, 65
-Ambaray, or Ambara, 78
-Ambegool, or Angool, or Ambegooda, 73
-Ambeloona, 72
-Amlie, 63
-Amratuck, 68
-Amroude, 67
-Amrutphull, 64
-Amulbedh, 61
-Amulchangerie, 62
-Amultas, also Kurwara, 69
-Ananass, also Kutel Suffrie, 70
-Anar, 76
-Anbertasung, 80
-Anbihildee, 16
-Andaluck, 28
-Anderjow, 75
-Angud, 81
-Anjeer, 82
-Ankaloon, 79
-Anula, or Amle, 5
-Anwul, 12
-Aoloo, 58
-Aoode Belao, 84
-Aoonk, 86
-Aoont Kutara, 85
-Aord, or Aort, or Maash, 32
-Aorde Gunta, 40
-Aoshire, Kuss Kuss, Ooseer? 47
-Aotungun, 20
-Apheem, 49
-Apurjeeta, 17
-Aramsheetul, 2
-Area, 11
-Arhir, or Toor, 31
-Arjun, 36
-Arloo, Catoombura, or Sheunag, 37
-Armeede, 39
-Arnd, 34
-Arn, 33
-Arnee, 30
-Aru, 6
-Aruk, 13
-Arusa, 35
-Arvie, or Arum Colocasia, 38
-Asgund, 43
-Asperuk, 42
-Asphill, Padmunie, 44
-Aspurka, 46
-Asteghoon, 48
-Astull, Buntki, 45
-Atees, 21
-Aunalie, 77
-
-
-B.
-
-Baag, 108
-Babchee, or Bakchee, 102
-Babool, 126
-Baboona, or Marehtee, 113
-Babur, 104
-Badgan, Khutay 115
-Badjera, 122
-Baeberung, 121
-Baele, also Byll, 271
-Bagerie, 185
-Baluka, 95
-Balchur, 120
-Bale, 270
-Bander, 107
-Banjkakra, 98
-Bans, 114
-Bansa, also Pibansa 94
-Barasinga, 105
-Baraykund, or Keetkurodh, or Subbuskund, 97
-Barehie, 117
-Baremoo, 116
-Barumbie or Soonputtie, 163
-Batassa, 134
-Batees, 138
-Bealduntuck, 279
-Bear, also Konar, 276
-Beekhbans, or Beedjbans, 93
-Beerbahootie, 281
-Becktindeek, 189
-Bedareekund, 149
-Bedarkee, 150
-Bedhara, 152
-Beechnak, 148
-Beedjbund, 266
-Bejoura, 145
-Belaikund, 191
-Benowla, 212
-Benth, 267
-Berahumie, 175
-Berahumnie, or Berrumdundie, 174
-Berchakund, 162
-Berehta, or Berehti, 166
-Beridda, 160
-Bhaer, also Mendha, 237
-Bhains, also Mahaki, 238
-Bhang, also Bidjia, 248
-Bhangra, 230
-Bhapungi, 254
-Bharingee, 236
-Bhateele, 257
-Bhehi, 244
-Bhelawj, 242
-Bhendi, 250
-Bheria, also Bhudda, 239
-Bheroza, also Gundha Bheroza, 256
-Bhindal, 252
-Bhoeperus, 247
-Bhohphilly, 262
-Bhoje Puttur, also Burje Puttur 232
-Bhoodill, 258
-Bhoom Kajoor, 243
-Bhoom Kudum, 249
-Bhoothpees, 259
-Bhoom Amulek, 233
-Bhuhira, 241
-Bhuiteroor, 246
-Bhuntaki, 264
-Bhu'th Kutaeye, 261
-Billie, 194
-Billoousseeke, 195
-Bindaal, 216
-Bindeokurkotheki, 217
-Birnaoo, or Buroo, 158
-Biscopra, 177
-Bishash, 182
-Bishnookrantha, 181
-Bitchoo, 144
-Bole, 227
-Boochitter, or Beechittr, 245
-Boont, 223
-Bokun, or Bookla or Book, 183
-Buckree, 188
-Budgerkund, also Soorum, 147
-Budhill, 151
-Budjaesaar, 143
-Bukaen, 186
-Bukochie, 184
-Bulka, 198
-Bunbele, 203
-Bunda, 199
-Bunpowarie, 207
-Bunslochun, 210
-Burberi, 164
-Bureeja, 165
-Burrh, 157
-Burruntaaki, 171
-Buryara, 170
-Bussunti, 180
-Butaer, 137
-Butch, 146
-Butchudder, 142
-Butela, 136
-Buthua, or Pasthuk, 135
-Byll, 196
-Bylla, 197
-Byrumbseerjella, 168
-
-
-C.
-
-Catoombura, 37
-Chaab, 340
-Chachoondur, also Chulde, 357
-Chakoth, 347
-Chakussoo, 342
-Chalkurie, 348
-Champa, or Chumpuk, 385
-Changerie, 349
-Charai, or Charwolie, 344
-Cheea, or Cheetkeh, 433
-Cheebook, 350
-Cheedah, 426
-Cheehur, 421
-Cheel, 430
-Cheenah, 427
-Cheenuk, 423
-Cherie, 408
-Cherkund, 416
-Cheetah, 429, 432
-Cheetul, 428
-Chehtaon, 404
-Chellwuk, 376
-Cherakakoli, or Chershookla, also Chermudera, 406
-Cherayta, also Punsaal, 362
-Chereela, 414
-Chermbrie, 386
-Chesteymud, Chestee, also Chitemud, 364
-Chetuck, 352
-Cheylchish, 377
-Chichinda, also Chunchilund, 356
-Chikara, 366
-Chillie, 378
-Chirchirra, 358
-China, also Chituck, 360
-Chirownjee, 361
-Chirpoota, 359
-Chirr, 413
-Chitchera, or Chichira, also Chirchira, 351
-Choekurk, 370
-Chohara, 412
-Choke, 396
-Choocheroo, 418
-Choonderdhan, or Jowdhan, also Rukitsaal, 407
-Chouch, 403
-Chowlai, or Chowrai, 397
-Chukadana, 374
-Chukeerka, 369
-Chukond, 371
-Chukora, 367
-Chukotrah, 372
-Chukua Chukui, 368
-Chukunder, 365
-Chumbeley, 384
-Chumbuck, 389
-Chumgader, 382
-Chunderkanth, 390
-Chundun, 392
-Chundunsarba, 393
-Chundurseha, 417
-Chundsoor, 391
-Chuttra, 354
-Chuttar Phill, 355
-Coochilla, 712
-
-
-D.
-
-Daad Murden, 446
-Dabeh, 441
-Dakh, 445
-Daoodie, 440
-Darhuld 438
-Darma, also Soombulkhar, 444
-Darmee Saar, 443
-Darum, 442
-Datoon, also Danth, or Danti, 439
-Deodar, also Dodarie, 475
-Deomun, 476
-Dhadahwun, 462
-Dhaie, 470
-Dhak, 467
-Dhamin, or Dhunoon, 460
-Dhanqie, or Dhaoie 471
-Dhatura, 465
-Dhaw, 463
-Dhawa, 464
-Dhawnie, 472
-Dheerukmola, 473
-Dhendus, 474
-Dholkudum, 468
-Dhumaha, 469
-Dhunia, 466
-Dhunjawasa, 461
-Doob, also Shittbra, 455
-Doodee, 457
-Doodhee, also Dukdka, 456
-Doodka, 459
-Dodputeya, 458
-Dooparia, 447
-Dukdoka, 452
-Dumna, also Dawna, 453
-Dundundana, 454
-Durba, 449
-Durbhur, 450
-Dusmool, 451
-Dutchina Virna, 448
-
-
-G.
-
-Gajur, 676
-Geerehti, 816
-Geerguth, 726
-Gehoon, 850
-Geroo, 851
-Ghafis, 660
-Ghar, 661
-Ghareekoon, 663
-Ghasool, 662
-Ghekwaar, or Ghwar, 827
-Gheyd, 835
-Ghirb, 664
-Ghoghaie, 658
-Ghora, 820
-Gillo, 754
-Godoon, 793
-Goh, 801
-Gokhroo, also Kunthphill, 803
-Gomenduk, 788
-Goobrowla, also Goobreyla, 694
-Goodhul, 718
-Googeerun, or Gugeeroo, 752
-Googul, 809
-Gooha, 811
-Goolkhairoo, 756
-Goolur, 812
-Gooma, 789
-Goondinie, 810
-Goond, 768
-Goondroo, or Goonderuk, 808
-Goondur, 776
-Goonma, 813
-Goongchee, 828
-Goor, 731
-Goorcha, 786
-Gooroochna, or Gooroochun, 785
-Gota, 805
-Gowrbaghan, 792
-Gowrdun, also Sutpootrie, 787
-Gowreh, 659
-Gowrohun, 671
-Gowruk, 794
-Goww, 790
-Gowdunta, 804
-Gudjpepullie, also Gudjpeepul, 710
-Gudha, 716
-Gudloon, 717
-Gugundool, 751
-Gulbar, 755
-Gumbhar, 764
-Gundheel, 775
-Gundhka, 783
-Gundhur, 782
-Gunduk, 780
-Gunyar, 769
-Gurehri, 723
-Gyndha, 837
-
-
-H.
-
-Habooka, 1052
-Haimowtie, 1051
-Haloon, 1025
-Harsinghar, also Hursinghar, 1024
-Harun, 1031
-Heeng, 1047
-Heera, 1050
-Heeraclokhi, 1048
-Heerakussees, 1049
-Hhoobaer, 1046
-Hingool, 1053
-Hingote, 1042
-Hingpootrie, 1044
-Hoolhool, 1040
-Hoorhoora, 1027
-Hudbjora, 1026
-Huldee, also Huld, 1038
-Huldia, 1039
-Huldoo, 1041
-Huns, 1045
-Hunspeedie, 1043
-Hurbarbeorhi, 1033
-Hurr, 1032
-Hurtaal, 1029
-Hurunkherie, or Hurunkhoorie, 1028
-Husthal, 1035
-Husthchinkhar, 1037
-Husthkool, 1034
-Husthuk, 1036
-Hyrbee, 1030
-
-
-I.
-
-Inderain, 74
-
-
-J.
-
-Jaal, 345
-Jaie Puttrie, 341
-Jaiey, 346
-Jaiphill, 343
-Jamalgotay, 383
-Jamin, 338
-Jatie, 339
-Jawakhar, 402
-Jawansa, 395
-Jeengha, 409
-Jeepaul, 431
-Jeewuk, 422
-Jeewung, also Buthua, 425
-Jeewuntie, or Jewnie, or Jw, 424
-Jest, 363
-Jhirberie, 419
-Jholputtur, 405
-Jhow, 415
-Jill Benth, 379
-Jill Butees, 380
-Jill Neeb, 381
-Jillpeelbuka, 375
-Jojakhar, 411
-Joonk, 400
-Jooqunoo, 373
-Juhan, 401
-Juhi, 398
-Jungliechuha, 388
-Junkar, 410
-Junth, 394
-Junthmook, 387
-Jutamaasie, 353
-Juwar, 399
-Jyaphupp, 420
-
-
-K.
-
-Kagphill, or Kagtoondie, 675
-Kaiphill, or Kutphill, 677
-Kakjunga, 665
-Kakolie, 667
-Kakra Singie, 673
-Kaksaag, 668
-Kalakora, 685
-Kalesur, or Kulesur, 688
-Kalizeerie, 679
-Kalseenbie, 682
-Kanakutchoo, 674
-Kanch or Kaatch, 678
-Kandagolhi, 690
-Kangeerug, 681
-Kanghi, 689
-Kanjee, 670
-Kans, 666
-Kansi, 682
-Kapithar Jug, 696
-Kapoor, 691
-Kapoorbile, 693
-Kapoor Kutcherie, 698
-Kapoorie, 699
-Karela, 733
-Kareyl, 721
-Karunj, 722
-Karownda, 720
-Kasht, 680
-Kasmerie, or Kasmuroo, or Kasmurga, or Kasheera, 669
-Kastipadile, 687
-Katchloon, 686
-Kath, also Kuth, 672
-Kathmanda, 684
-Kawaal, 798
-Kawul, 765
-Kawulguth, 766
-Keekur, or Babool, 848
-Keera, or Kheera, 824
-Keet, or Keetie, 849
-Keetkarode, 847
-Kela, 846
-Keloondha, 760
-Kenkra, 838
-Keora, 843
-Kesur, or Kunkum, 839
-Kethki, 844
-Kewanch, 845
-Khaer, also Cudder, 815
-Khand, 825
-Khaperia, 823
-Khelowrie, 829
-Kherboozah, 436
-Khergosh, 435
-Kherie, 817
-Khesoo, 833
-Khewumberie, 832
-Khopra, 831
-Khorasanee (Adjwain), 25
-Khull, 830
-Khusa, also Oshere, 437
-Khutchur, 434
-Khutmnl, 821
-Khylakhylie, 826
-Khynth, 834
-Kinchua, 836
-Kobhee, 791
-Kokla, 800
-Kookra, 748
-Kookrie, 749
-Kooktunduk, 819
-Kookurbangra, 807
-Kookurchundie, 806
-Kooleejan, 758
-Koolunta, 759
-Koonch, 796
-Koonda, also Pita, 814
-Koondoorie, 773
-Koonj, 795
-Koonja, 778
-Koontukphill, also Kuntukanta, 771
-Kootki, 701
-Kora, 735
-Korund, 730
-Kowa, also Koral, 799
-Kowadoorie, 802
-Kowla, 767
-Kowrie, 797
-Krishndaan, 724
-Krishn Moolie, 738
-Krishn Saarba, 739
-Kubab Cheenee, 697
-Kudum, 715
-Kujoor, 822
-Kukora, 747
-Kukrie, 750
-Kukrownda, 753
-Kukrownela, 746
-Kulownjee, 761
-Kulumbuk, 757
-Kumbeela, 779
-Kumode, or Komoodutti, 762
-Kumruk, or Kumruka, 763
-Kunaer or Kurneer, 777
-Kundurdolie, 772
-Kunghi, 784
-Kungni, 774
-Kunkole, 770
-Kunoocha, 781
-Kupass, or Kurpass, 696
-Kupoor, also Khesia, 692
-Kurinjua, or Korinjeka, or Kurinjee, 728
-Kurkund, 734
-Kurkura, 727
-Kurna, 719
-Kurni, 736
-Kurr, 732
-Kurrukphill, 737
-Kurwanuk, 725
-Kurwara, or Kurwala, 729
-Kussees, 745
-Kusseroo, or Kusseruk, 741
-Kussoombh, 743
-Kussowndie, or Kussownda, 740
-Kustoorie, 744
-Kustooryea Mirg, 742
-Kutai, 704
-Kutara, 702
-Kutchaloo, 709
-Kutcherie, 713
-Kutchnar, 708
-Kutchoor, 714
-Kutchua, 711
-Kuteera, 703
-Kuth, 707
-Kuthael, 700
-Kutoonbur, 705
-Kutputrie, 706
-Kyloot, 842
-Kyrnie, 818
-Kyte, 840
-Kytiputtrie, 841
-
-
-L.
-
-Laak, 852
-Lahi, 853
-Lahsun, 875
-Lahusoonia, 877
-Langullie, 854
-Lasora, 876
-Lawa, 855
-Lichkutch, also Lukitch, 861
-Lichmiphill, 860
-Lichmuna, 859
-Lobaan, 869
-Lobeia, 874
-Lodh, 864
-Loha, 867
-Lolie, 871
-Lomrie, 872
-Long, 868
-Longmushk, 873
-Loni, 870
-Loodh'phup, 863
-Loonia, 866
-Lubhera, 855
-Lublie, or Lolie, 856
-Lukmunia, and Lukmunie, 862
-Lutoobrie, also Soonitjhal, 857
-Lydoaloo, 858
-
-
-M.
-
-Maachik, 884
-Maad, 882
-Maak, also Maash, 881
-Maankund, 886
-Maashpurnie, also Makonie, 890
-Maat, 889
-Madhooie, 879
-Mahameed, 961
-Maha Moondie, 953
-Mahaneem, 957
-Mahasutawurie, 959
-Mahawunth, 960
-Mahawur, 962
-Mahesingie, 888
-Mahkee, 955
-Mahwa, 954
-Maien, 883
-Majoophill, or Maijphill, 885
-Malknagnie, 878
-Malook, 887
-Maoarowbnee, 880
-Mayoorabuka, 965
-Mayursuka, 964
-Meed, 971
-Meetanioboo, 972
-Mendha, 966
-Mendi, 958
-Mendi Auwul, 963
-Merch, 909
-Merchai, 910
-Merg, 906
-Mernal, 912
-Methie, 968
-Missie, also Kakjunga, 914
-Mogra, 951
-Mohoka, 956
-Mohuk, 936
-Mokhun, 937
-Moocherae, 935
-Moodukpurnie, 901
-Moogta Sukut, 921
-Moogtaphill, 927
-Moojkuod, 896
-Mookul, 944
-Moolie, or Moolug, 945
-Moom, 943
-Moondie, 927
-Moondookpurnie, 930
-Moong, 938
-Moonga, 947
-Moonjee, 933
-Moora, 905
-Moorhurrie, 904
-Moorhuttee, 908
-Moorsheka, 950
-Mooser, 934
-Mooslee, or Mooslicund, 949
-Moot, 932
-Morba, 941
-More, 940
-Moth, 939
-Motha, 942
-Motie, 946
-Mowlserie, 899
-Muchechi, 898
-Mucheli, 893
-Mudden, 894
-Muddenphill, 948
-Mudh, 900
-Mudhkurkuttie, 903
-Mudhoolka, 902
-Mudhraa, 897
-Mug Peepul, 920
-Muggur, 918
-Mujeeth, 895
-Mukbara, also Mukhana, 923
-Muko, 919
-Mukoond, 917
-Mullagheer, 924
-Mulleen, 926
-Mulleka, 925
-Mundar, 931
-Munn, 928
-Munmal, 929
-Murdok, 979
-Murorphillie, 913
-Mursa, 911
-Murua, 907
-Musakunie, 952
-Musoor, 915
-Mustchagundka, 916
-Muttreegurba, 892
-Muttur 891
-Mydhasingie, 969
-Mynphill, 967
-Myoorjung, 970
-
-
-N.
-
-Naaoe, 983
-Nadey, 980
-Nagermotha, 981
-Nagbulla, 982
-Nagdown, 977
-Nagdumnie, 978
-Nagesur, 976
-Nainjooth, 1018
-Nalee, or Narie, 973
-Naringee, 975
-Naryit, 974
-Neeb, 1015
-Neel, 1013
-Neela Sindhuk, 1010
-Neela Totha, 1005
-Neelgau, 1017
-Neelasabood, 1014
-Neelkant, 1008
-Neelkunti, 1019
-Neelobe, 1016
-Neenboo, 1013
-Neendie, 1009
-Neenuk, 1006
-Neeturbala, 1004
-Nekund Baaperi, 998
-Nemuk Chitchera, 993
-Nemuk Kutchloon, 995
-Nemuk Soendha, 997
-Nemuk Soonchur, also Nemuk Sia, 994
-Nemuk Udhbidh, 996
-Nergoondie, 986
-Nerkutchoor, 985
-Newarrie, 1001
-Newla, 1007
-Neyrmellie, 987
-Nirbissie, 984
-Niswut, 988
-Nowllee, 1003
-Nowsader, 1002
-Nuk, 989
-Nukchecknie, 990
-Null, or Nullie, 992
-Nullwa, 991
-Nunahuld, also Mamerran 1000
-Nundbyrchun, or Nundbyrkha, 999
-Nypaul, also Nupaul Neib, 1011
-
-
-P.
-
-Pa, 92
-Paadae, 101
-Paan, 110
-Padill, also Patill, 91
-Paethaon, also Culsi or Breshtpirnie, 128
-Pakur, also Pakull, 99
-Palass, also Pullae, 190
-Palass Peepul, 192
-Palewut, also Palook, 96
-Palug, 109
-Panee Amluk, 100
-Papeitha, 125
-Paperie, 103
-Papeyha, 127
-Papieha, 123
-Papotun, 124
-Para, or Parud, 112
-Parha, 106
-Pariss Peepol, also Palass Peepul, 111
-Parjath, or Parbhudder, 119
-Passownie, 278
-Patera, also Patla, 130
-Patirr, 118
-Patole, 129
-Patung, 131
-Pechuck, 265
-Pedloon, also Kutchloon, 156
-Peease, 274
-Peeche, 280
-Peeloo, 272
-Peeplamool, 275
-Peepul, 269
-Peertuckhpirnie, 169
-Peeta, also Khunda, 277
-Peetul, 268
-Pendaloo, 205
-Peoke, or Peossie, 273
-Pereshtpurnie, 161
-Peroza, or Berektummun, 176
-Phaar, 251
-Phaloke, 260
-Phalisae, or Phlsa, 229
-Phankra, 253
-Phirrhud, 231
-Phitkerrie, 255
-Phoje, 234
-Phooth, 263
-Phunjeetuck, 240
-Pindaluck, or Pindal, 206
-Pindkhajoor, 208
-Pindole, 204
-Pithpapra, 133
-Pockurmool, 235
-Podeena, 228
-Podhka, or Boleserie, 222
-Poiey, 221
-Ponauk, 201
-Ponda, 226
-Poondereek, 211
-Potie, 224
-Potuck, 225
-Pudumcharnie, 154
-Pudmeinie, 153
-Pudumrauj, 155
-Pulwull, 193
-Punchcheer, 213
-Punealae, 220
-Pungekool, 214
-Punjemool, 215
-Punk, 202
-Punna, 209
-Punnus, 219
-Puns, 218
-Purbal, 167
-Purpeeloo, 159
-Purundha, 172
-Pursarnie, 173
-Pushanbedh, 187
-Putalphoorie, 140
-Putrudj, 132
-Puturjenie, 141
-Pynvar, or Toeroota, 200
-Pystha, 178
-Pysturling, 139
-Pytha, 179
-
-
-R.
-
-Raab, 477
-Raal, 483
-Raang, 482
-Rahusphill, 515
-Rai, 482
-Raibele, 486
-Raidooree, 488
-Rajehuns, 481
-Rajejakha, 480
-Rajeneemboophile, 485
-Raje Umber, 478
-Raje Ummur, 489
-Ramputtrie, 484
-Rashna, 487
-Rasie, 490
-Rassun. Also Raisun, or Rowasun, 479
-Rattaloo, also Runtaloo, 492
-Rawasun, 507
-Recktaal, or Rukitkund, 601
-Reech, 517
-Reenga, 518
-Reetha, 519
-Reewudj, 516
-Rekhbuk, Rekhbukh, or Rekhba, 500
-Rewind, 520
-Roheera, 514
-Rohni, 513
-Rohoo, 508
-Romus, or Mudwal, 512
-Roohus, 509
-Roodraz, 495
-Roodwunti, 495
-Rooi, 511
-Roopa, also Roopuk, 510
-Ruckitchunden, 502
-Rudd, 494
-Rukitphoop, 504
-Rukitsal, 503
-Rungni, 505
-Rungtirra, also Sungtirra, 506
-Russ, 497
-Russ Kapoor, 499
-Rusunjeen, 498
-Ruswut, 496
-Ruttun, 493
-Ruttunjooth, also Abookhoolsa, 491
-
-
-S.
-
-Saaje, 534
-Saal, 542
-Saale, 536
-Saalie, 532
-Saalpernie, or Saloom, 531
-Saaltie, also Kapoor Kutcherie, 533
-Saamp, 541
-Saarba, 527
-Sabur, 539
-Saeb, 634
-Sagown, or Saag, 530
-Sahidei, 619
-Sahunserbede, 617
-Salamookh, 537
-Saluk, or Salook, 529
-Sanbir, 526
-Saramill, Sarumluk, or Saral, 528
-Sarass, 540
-Saro, 538
-Satoon, 543
-Sawang, 535
-Sealie, 628
-Sebaloo, Sebalie, or Nindee, 589
-Sedarth, 554
-Seelidj, 632
-Seenaki, 629
-Seenku, 630
-Seep, or Seepie, 633
-Seetaphill, 635
-Segund Philla, 575
-Sehoond, 623
-Semb, also Sme, 622
-Sembill, 621
-Sendh, 627
-Sendhi, 626
-Seotie, 631
-Sericbans, 563
-Seriepurnie, also Gumbar, 570
-Seriss, also Sereeka, 564
-Serje, 560
-Seroopbudder, 571
-Seroopjeea, 569
-Setawur, also Setawurie, or Shetawur, 549
-Setoopula, 548
-Shaldan, 637
-Shalook, 638
-Sheesha, 654
-Sheeshum, also Seeshum, 655
-Sheeta, 653
-Shehut, 652
-Sheobogun, 656
-Shereefa, also Seetaphill, 642
-Shetoot, 651
-Shitawuballie, 641
-Sholie, 649
-Shora, 650
-Shubbe, 639
-Shuftaloo, 643
-Shukur Javan, 644
-Shukur Kund, 645
-Shumie, also Seenkur, 646
-Shungirf, also Ingoor, 648
-Shunphopee, 647
-Shutawur, 640
-Sial, 625
-Sillajeet, also Silladeet, 577
-Sillaruss, 578
-Sindoor, 590
-Sindoorie, 585
-Singhara, 584
-Singia, or Singia Jur, also Singia Khar, or Beechnak, 636
-Sip Kullie, 544
-Sirool, 565
-Sirpund, 562
-Sirsom, or Seerkup, 566
-Sirunmaki, 568
-Sisoo, or Sishum, 624
-Sohaga, 620
-Sohora, 616
-Sohunjena, or Suhinjena, or Sajena, or Sekir, 618
-Somooder Lone, 581
-Somooder Phane, 580
-Somooderphill, 579
-Somoodersake, 582
-Somph, 605
-Sona, 604
-Sonamukie, 597
-Sonth, 606
-Soocherakhar, 553
-Sooderie, 610
-Sooe Junglie, 612
-Soogunass, 576
-Soomboolkhar, 591
-Soombullie, 599
-Soonchur, 608
-Soonkullie, 613
-Soopearee, 545
-Soopee, 603
-Soorinjoothka, 596
-Soorjemooki, 609
-Sooroon, 598
-Soorudijhall, 615
-Soorunkitki, 567
-Sooryalee, 561
-Soos, 600
-Soubustanee, 611
-Sowa, 607
-Sowall, 614
-Subskun, 546
-Sud Sohaung, 555
-Suda Khar, 556
-Sudagolab, 558
-Sudaphill, or Sudeephill, 557
-Suer, 601
-Suffrie Ambr, 574
-Sungjerahut, also Sungderaz, 594
-Sungjoothka, 595
-Sungkaholie, 586
-Sungtirra, 583
-Sunkh, 588
-Sunkhal, 593
-Sunkia, 592
-Sunn, 587
-Surphoka, also Soojer, 559
-Surwalla, 572
-Sussa, 573
-Sutarie, 547
-Suteepulas, 552
-Sutputtrie, 550
-Sutsar, 551
-Suwa, 602
-
-
-T.
-
-Taal, or Taar, 283
-Taalesputter, 284
-Taberuck, 286
-Takkur, 305
-Talmukara, or Talmukana, 282
-Tamaal, 312
-Tamaalputtur, 314
-Tanbirr, 285
-Tarkoota, or Terookhun, 294
-Tatyrie, 289
-Tawakeer, 320
-Tedhara, 292
-Teerun, 335
-Teetee, 337
-Teetur, 330
-Telk, 308
-Telkirur, or Telkr, 332
-Teluck, 307
-Tendhoo, also Tendook, 328
-Tendooa, 331
-Teraemanna, also Teraman, 229
-Terbile, 336
-Teriagundh, of Tirjatuck, 295
-Teroor, also great Dathun, 300
-Tersindiaturnie, 298
-Tesoo, 333
-Tezpat, 334
-Thour, 327
-Till, or Tillee, 309
-Tirdisha, 302
-Tirmirra, 297
-Tirnie, 301
-Tirpurnie, 304
-Tirtuck, 296
-Tittereck, also Tintereek, 290
-Tombrir, also Tombie, 321
-Toodun, 325
-Tooiekam, 324
-Toolsi, 310
-Toon, 315, 316
-Toor, 31
-Toott, 326
-Toour, 323
-Tubasheer, or Tubakeer, 287
-Tudje, also Keelkheela, 291
-Tuggur, 306
-Tomakoo, 311
-Tumbole, 318
-Tunkaar, 319
-Tuntureek, also Seemk, 317
-Tuputtee, or Typsie, 288
-Turai, 322
-Turkool, 293
-Tym, 313
-Tyrphilla, 303
-
-
-V.
-
-Vaasun, also Bootee Shaikh Fureed, 1020
-Vcherkhar, 1021
-Veedoorie, also Bedoorie, 1022
-Veroojun, also Beroojun, 1023
-
-
-Z.
-
-Zachmeheath, 523
-Zeera, 521
-Zeerki, 522
-Zerki, also Kla Dana, 524
-Zumiekund, 525
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-APPENDIX.
-
- Page.
-
- Burning of hands and feet, 177
- Parts of human body, 178
- Tastes, ibid.
- Secretions or humours, ibid.
- Degrees, 179
- Weights, ibid.
- Abbreviations, ibid.
-
-
-
-N. B. A few articles contained in the original work, viz. Medicines
-principally used in sorcery and incantation, have been omitted with
-the Translator's permission. This renders the succession of Nos. of the
-articles irregular,--for instance, No. 72 follows next after No. 70.
-
-W. T.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-NOTE
-
-
-[1] Often tried with effect.
-
-
-
-
-
-
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-<div class="front">
-<div class="div1 cover"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="figure xd24e99width"><img src="images/new-cover.jpg" alt=
-"Newly Designed Front Cover." width="480" height="720"></div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="transcribernote" id="notice">
-<h2 class="main">Notice</h2>
-<p class="par first">The medical knowledge represented in this book is
-several centuries old. The publication of this book is for historical
-interest only, and is not to be construed as medical advice by Project
-Gutenberg or its volunteers. Medicinal plants should not be used
-without consulting a trained medical professional. Medical science has
-made considerable progress since this book was written. Recommendations
-or prescriptions have been superseded by better alternatives, or
-invalidated altogether. This book contains a number of prescriptions
-that are very dangerous.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="div1 titlepage"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="figure xd24e110width"><img src="images/titlepage.png" alt=
-"Original Title Page." width="414" height="720"></div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="titlePage">
-<div class="docTitle">
-<div class="mainTitle">THE<br>
-TALEEF SHEREEF,</div>
-<br>
-<div class="mainTitle">OR<br>
-INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA;</div>
-</div>
-<div class="byline">TRANSLATED FROM THE ORIGINAL.<br>
-BY<br>
-<span class="docAuthor">GEORGE PLAYFAIR, <span class=
-"sc">Esq.</span></span><br>
-SUPERINTENDING SURGEON, BENGAL SERVICE.</div>
-<div class="docImprint">PUBLISHED BY<br>
-The Medical and Physical Society of Calcutta.<br>
-Calcutta:<br>
-PRINTED AT THE BAPTIST MISSION PRESS, CIRCULAR ROAD.<br>
-SOLD BY MESSRS. THACKER &amp; CO. CALCUTTA; &amp; BY MESSRS. PARBURY,
-ALLEN &amp; CO.<br>
-<span class="docDate">1833.</span></div>
-</div>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="xd24e153" href="#xd24e153" name=
-"xd24e153">iii</a>]</span></p>
-<div id="preface" class="div1 preface"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">TRANSLATOR&rsquo;S PREFACE.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">In the course of a practice of upwards of
-twenty-six years in India, I have often had occasion to regret, that I
-had no publication to guide me, in my wish to become acquainted with
-the properties of native medicines, which I had frequently seen, in the
-hands of the Physicians of Hindoostan, productive of the most
-beneficial effects in many diseases, for the cure of which our
-Pharmacopeia supplied no adequate remedy; and the few which I had an
-opportunity of becoming acquainted with, so far exceeded my
-expectations, that I determined to make a Translation of the present
-work, for my own gratification and future guidance.</p>
-<p class="par">Having finished the translation, I became convinced,
-that I should not have fulfilled the whole of my duty if I did not make
-it public; and ill calculated as I know myself for such an undertaking,
-I have ventured to offer it to the world, with all its
-imperfections.</p>
-<p class="par">Conscious, that the liberal minded will give me credit
-for the best of motives, I shall not dread criticism; and if it has the
-effect of inducing those more competent to the task to an inquiry into
-the properties of native medicines, my views will have been fully
-accomplished.</p>
-<p class="par">In writing the names of the different medicines, I have
-followed the Author&rsquo;s example, and have been guided solely by the
-pronunciation, without altering the sound given to the letters in
-English, and have not borrowed a single name from any work of Oriental
-literature. In this I may have acted wrong, but I did so from the
-conviction, that by this method, the names would be more familiar, and
-better understood, by the Natives in researches after the different
-drugs. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="xd24e165" href="#xd24e165" name=
-"xd24e165">iv</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">I have inserted as many of the systematic names as I
-could trace, both from Dr. Fleming&rsquo;s work, and those of others;
-but I regret, that I was not honored in the acquaintance of any
-Botanist who could have assisted me with more.</p>
-<p class="par">To the youth of the profession, I trust the work may be
-acceptable, by leading them to the knowledge, that such medicines are
-in existence; and my medical brethren of the higher grades may not deem
-further inquiry into the properties of native drugs beneath their
-notice.</p>
-<p class="par">To the profession at large, then, I beg leave to
-dedicate this Translation, with the hope, that they will make due
-allowance for all faults, and that some of the more experienced will
-favor us with another and better edition.</p>
-<p class="par">To my respected friends Messrs. Wilson and Twining, the
-profession is indebted, that this little work ever saw light; and
-though they are godfathers to none of its errors, yet without their
-encouragement and aid, it must have slumbered in oblivion, and remained
-as was intended, (after the failure of an attempt on the part of the
-translator,) a manual for his own private use. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="xd24e174" href="#xd24e174" name=
-"xd24e174">v</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="gloss" class="div1 glossary"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">GLOSSARY.</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">Acouta,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Herpes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Aruk,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Distilled liquid.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Boolbul,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Indian Nightingale.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Badgola,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Splenitis.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Coir,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Fibrous substance surrounding the Cocoanut.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Daad,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Impetigo.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Dhats,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Component parts of the human frame.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Elaous,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Disease of the Intestines. Introsusception.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Fetuck,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Hernia.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Goor,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Unrefined Sugar.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Juzam,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Black Leprosy.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Jow,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Barley.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Junglie Chuha,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Forest Rat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Khoonadeer,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Khoonazeer? Lupus, Cancer.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Kunzeer,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cancer.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Mootiabin,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Total blindness, Gutta Serena.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Naringee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Orange.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Nachoona,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Opacity of the Cornea.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Neela Totha,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Sulphate of Copper.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Nuffsoodum,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">H&aelig;moptysis.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Pilau, Poolau,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dish made of meat and rice, seasoned with
-spices.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Peshanee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">The Forehead.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Paddy,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Rice in the husk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Panroque,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cold with Fever, also Jaundice.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Peendie,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">A formula for females.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Paan,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">A leaf, chewed by the Natives, with Catechu,
-Betel, and Lime.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Raal,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Gum Resin.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Rajerogue,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Carbuncle.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">Soonpat,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Loss of sensation in parts of the body.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">Soorkhbad,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Erythema.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb1" href="#pb1" name=
-"pb1">1</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="body">
-<div id="taleef" class="div1 glossary"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="super">THE TALEEF SHEREEF,<br>
-OR<br>
-<i>INDIAN MATERIA MEDICA</i>.</h2>
-<h2 class="sub">TRANSLATED FROM<br>
-THE ORIGINAL, WITH ADDITIONS.</h2>
-<h2 class="main">ALEF</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1</span> <span class=
-"sc">Am, Ambe, Anbe</span>.&mdash;The Fruit, <i>Mangifera
-Indica</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">The produce of a large tree very common in Hindostan.
-The fruit is about the size of, and very much resembling in shape, a
-goat&rsquo;s kidney, and having the external appearance of an apple.
-When ripe, it sometimes retains the green color, but oftener becomes
-yellow, or red and yellow.</p>
-<p class="par">The virtues ascribed to this tree, are as
-follows:&mdash;The bruised leaves and young shoots applied to the hair,
-expedite its growth, and considerably darken its color.</p>
-<p class="par">The bark of the trunk of the tree, and of its roots, is
-cooling and astringent; the former powerfully so. The leaves are
-astringent, and promote digestion; their ashes styptic.</p>
-<p class="par">The young flowers are cool and drying; have a pleasant
-aromatic scent, and when taken internally, are cooling and astringent;
-recommended for the cure of chronic Gonorrh&oelig;a or Gleet, purulent
-expectoration, bilious foulness of the blood and boils. The young
-unripe fruit has much acidity, and is drying; moderately used, it
-increases all the animal secretions, and is beneficial in chronic
-affections of the liver; it promotes appetite, and is lithonthriptic.
-The fruit, when ripe, is sweet, cooling, <a id="xd24e369" name=
-"xd24e369"></a>mucilaginous and heavy, tending to allay thirst, and
-useful in nervous affections; strengthens the system, restores impaired
-appetite, (is said to moderate an increased secretion of bile,) and
-improves the complexion. The fruit is of various sizes, from a few
-drachms to a <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb2" href="#pb2" name=
-"pb2">2</a>]</span>pound weight; but it is usually met with weighing
-about 4 ounces. It becomes acid about a month after the fall of the
-flower, in which state it is used as preserves, such as jellies,
-pickles, &amp;c.; at this time, too, it is used as seasoning for
-<i>Pilaus</i>, and other dishes; for when the stone or kernel has
-become hard, it is no longer fit for these purposes. When the fruit has
-attained its full growth, and when nearly ripe, it is to be taken from
-the tree, and put into dry grass, straw, or the leaves of the Palass
-tree, and there allowed to become ripe; this process deprives it of all
-acidity, and also prevents the formation of a resinous gum, which it
-contracts when allowed to ripen on the tree, and which renders it too
-pungent to be eaten with relish.</p>
-<p class="par">The fruit is in perfection in the hot winds, and when
-the rains commence, it ripens very fast; before the cold weather it is
-usually out of season.</p>
-<p class="par">There are some trees that blossom the whole year, and
-some few that even produce fruit; but instances of this are very
-rare.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a variety of this tree on which the fruit is
-sweet from its first formation; this requires to be used early,
-otherwise it will in all probability become a prey to insects.</p>
-<p class="par">Some trees produce fruit only once in 4 years. In
-general, it produces fruit in abundance every second year, and less in
-the alternate year; some are even perfectly barren every alternate
-year.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a mode of manuring this tree, which it is said
-improves the flavour of the fruit greatly; this is mixing the juice of
-its fruit with milk, and pouring it over the roots. It is also said to
-be possible to communicate the flavor of any particular fruit to the
-mangoe, by its expressed juice being made use of, as an application to
-the roots of the tree.</p>
-<p class="par">The kernel of the mangoe, roasted, is pleasant to the
-taste, and grateful to the stomach; it is much recommended in laxities
-of the bowels, and strengthens the <i>prim&aelig; vi&aelig;</i>; water
-drank after having eat of this kernel, seems to possess a flavor
-peculiarly excellent. The usual mode of preparing them, is to allow
-them to remain exposed to the rains, till the shell shall have become
-decayed; by this process it is deprived of any heating or irritating
-property. <span class="corr" id="xd24e392" title=
-"Source: Perpared">Prepared</span> in this manner, and kept a short
-time in lime juice, taken out, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb3" href=
-"#pb3" name="pb3">3</a>]</span>bruised and mixed with salt, fennel,
-&amp;c, it is much extolled for strengthening the stomach, and
-promoting digestion.</p>
-<p class="par">If preserved for 3 years, pounded, and swallowed to the
-quantity of a tolah, with a little water, no medicine is preferable for
-strengthening bowels habitually lax.</p>
-<p class="par">In the acid state, the fruit is very prejudicial to
-those who have any disorders in their teeth, a cough, an affection of
-the chest, or who are subject to cholicky pain in the bowels, but very
-beneficial when used in irritable habits. The best method of using them
-is this. The acid unripe fruit, after the outer rind has been
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e401" title=
-"Corrected by author from: pealed">peeled</span> off, is to be cut into
-thin slices, and infused for some hours in water; this water so
-impregnated, is to be drained off, mixed with a sufficient proportion
-of sugar, and used as sherbet. It produces a great relish for food, and
-is in other respects beneficial. The same effects are produced by the
-unripe fruit, being roasted and allowed to remain in water, as above
-mentioned. It is recommended in paralysis, from <i>coup de vent</i>.
-Many physicians have considered the mangoe to be of a cooling nature,
-but, in my opinion, it is heating in all its stages. The Yunani
-physicians have stated the ripe fruit to be hot in the 2d, and dry in
-the 3d degree.</p>
-<p class="par">Its virtues may be described in a few words. It
-strengthens the system, gives tone to the kidnies<a id="xd24e411" name=
-"xd24e411"></a>, restores impaired appetite, &amp;c. It is aperient,
-improves the complexion, beneficial in piles, an useful deobstruent,
-braces and increases the bulk of the solids, and removes nervous
-affections. In some of these disorders I am inclined to doubt of its
-good effects, but such virtues are attributed to it. It is recommended,
-in order to prevent any bad effects from the fruit in its unripe state,
-that raisins be <span class="corr" id="xd24e413" title=
-"Source: eat">eaten</span> with it. Hukeem Alwee Khan, a man of
-eminence in his profession in the reign of Mahommed Shah, says, that if
-ever this fruit disagreed with the system, it must have been eaten when
-unripe or green.</p>
-<p class="par">I had occasion to attend a gentleman of very high rank,
-who laboured under dropsy; I cured him of the disease, but 3 years
-afterwards, having <span class="corr" id="xd24e418" title=
-"Source: eat">eaten</span> a large quantity of mangoes, the disease
-returned, and I have observed the same effects in other cases.</p>
-<p class="par">Hukeem Alli Mughphoor, physician, states, that
-influenced by the resemblance of the mangoe to the human kidney, he
-concluded <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb4" href="#pb4" name=
-"pb4">4</a>]</span>that it must be beneficial in that organ, (disorders
-of;) he therefore prescribed it in a case of hectic fever, arising from
-diseased kidney, and completely cured the disease. In this I differ
-from him entirely; he must have mistaken the nature of the complaint,
-for a remedy given expressly for the cure of a disease in the kidney,
-could <i>not</i>, at the same time, have removed the fever, excepting
-appropriate medicines had been administered along with it!!</p>
-<p class="par">The best mangoes are those having a thin juice, sweet
-and free from fibres; and they ought to be cooled in water or in ice,
-especially during the hot weather. It is preferable to use the juice of
-the fruit without eating any of the fibrous parts; a neglect of this
-may produce various disorders, such as indigestion, cholicky pains,
-&amp;c. It is very common to eat the expressed juice, mixed with sugar
-and other things, with rice, or with bread, but this is great
-imprudence; for in the most healthy subjects it may produce nausea, and
-general uneasiness.</p>
-<p class="par">Should any ill effects follow the use of the mangoe,
-milk, or the kernel of the fruit, will be found a corrector. My
-father&rsquo;s opinion is, that these are not the only remedies; for if
-it produces any heating effect, curdled milk will give relief, or even
-cold water, or acidulated sherbet, and he himself was always in the
-habit of using the <i>Phalsa</i> sherbet on these occasions.</p>
-<p class="par">Should cholic be produced, the Oil of Almonds or other
-sweet oils, will remove the complaint; and a diarrh&oelig;a is to be
-cured by the use of the kernel; and a swelling of the abdomen, by milk,
-in which a little ginger has been mixed; or even ginger by itself will
-have the effect</p>
-<p class="par">A substitute for mangoe, as a medicine, may be had in
-Chobe Cheenee.</p>
-<p class="par">In general, it will be adviseable to abstain from the
-use of the mangoe, till 2 or 3 showers of rain have fallen; but those
-of a cold phlegmatic or melancholic temperament do not require to be so
-particular.</p>
-<p class="par">Those for whose complaints mangoes have been
-recommended, have in a few months derived great benefit from their use,
-by eating them with camel&rsquo;s milk. There are many kinds of this
-fruit, and their names are as various; but the stronger the scent, the
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb5" href="#pb5" name=
-"pb5">5</a>]</span>more effectual they are as a medicine. In Persian it
-is called <i>Nugzuck</i>.</p>
-<p id="p2" class="par"><span class="parNum">2</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aramsheetul</span>.&mdash;Pungent and cooling; useful in bilious
-and catarrhal complaints; also recommended in foulness of the
-blood.</p>
-<p id="p3" class="par"><span class="parNum">3</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akaholie</span>.&mdash;Vermifuge, also recommended in bilious and
-catarrhal disorders, in seminal weakness and gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p4" class="par"><span class="parNum">4</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adki</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Arhir</i>.</p>
-<p id="p5" class="par"><span class="parNum">5</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anula</span>. (<span class="sc">nasal N.</span>)&mdash;Or
-<i>Amle</i>, (<i>Phyllanthus emblica</i>, W. Murray IV. 127,
-<i>Myrobolans</i>.) The fruit round, like a plum. The tree like that of
-the tamarind, of a pleasant acid, and sweetish astringent taste. It is
-aperient, cooling, and drying; of great use in eruptions of the skin,
-arising from a redundance of bile. Other virtues ascribed to this fruit
-may be found in all Yunani works. It is also called <i>Bidjee</i> and
-<i>Dhatri Phill</i>, used by the natives for cleansing the hair.</p>
-<p id="p6" class="par"><span class="parNum">6</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aru</span>.&mdash;A variety of plum, much resembling the common
-sort, both in the tree and fruit; it however possesses more acidity,
-and is less easy of digestion.</p>
-<p id="p7" class="par"><span class="parNum">7</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abi</span>.&mdash;<i>Pyrus Cidonia.</i> The Quince; slightly
-astringent, and cool in a great degree; heavy and difficult of
-digestion, yet it is gently laxative and expectorant, and is
-recommended for strengthening the powers of virility. In Arabic
-<i>Siffirjill</i>, Persian <i>Behi</i>.</p>
-<p id="p8" class="par"><span class="parNum">8</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aak</span>.&mdash;<i>Arug</i>, <i>Mudar</i>, <i>Asclepias
-gigantea</i>. A milky shrub, very common all over India; its pod
-resembles a mangoe, but rather longer in proportion: when ripe it
-breaks, and is found filled with a white substance, resembling silk, to
-which the seeds are fixed. The leaves of the plant resemble the
-<i>Dak</i>, but are somewhat smaller: its height is generally from 1 to
-1&frac12; yard; when its leaves or stalk are broken, a white milky
-liquid exudes. There are two kinds, white and red; both are purgatives,
-violently so. It is said to be beneficial in the following disorders.
-Foulness of the blood, bilious affections, Juzam, Psora, Z&aelig;rbad,
-boils, cuticular eruptions, diseases of the liver, visceral
-obstructions, h&aelig;morrhoids, <i>all internal</i> diseases, dropsy
-and worms.</p>
-<p class="par">(&ldquo;Many and wonderful virtues are ascribed to this
-plant; but I must refer those who have faith in charms to the original
-<i>Taleef <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb6" href="#pb6" name=
-"pb6">6</a>]</span>Shereef</i>, when their curiosity will be amply
-gratified.&rdquo; Translator.)</p>
-<p class="par">All the above virtues have been ascribed to this plant;
-my opinion is, that the application of the leaves is useful in
-swellings, promotes suppuration in indolent tumors, and cures eruptions
-on the skin. The milk blisters, and if applied to the eye, it produces
-swelling, itchiness, and loss of vision. The powder of the root, mixed
-with goat&rsquo;s blood and fresh butter, and applied to the eye, is
-said materially to strengthen vision. In other works it is said, that
-the milk of every variety of this plant is poisonous, and violently
-cathartic.</p>
-<p id="p9" class="par"><span class="parNum">9</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aal</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Mujeet</i>, <i>Rubia</i>, <i>Madder</i>,
-a wood used for dyeing a red color, and forming a principal article of
-commerce in some parts of India. In the &ldquo;<i>Dhara
-Shakoi</i>&rdquo; it is called <i>Mujeet</i>, but I suspect that they
-are different plants, as the <i>Mujeet</i> is thin, and of a fine red
-color; whereas the <i>Aal</i> is blackish, with a tinge of yellow,
-though not thicker than the other.</p>
-<p id="p10" class="par"><span class="parNum">10</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aditt Bagut</span>.&mdash;In Persian, <i>Aftab Perust</i>,
-<i>Helianthus Annuus</i>. The sun-flower; the name of a flower called
-also <i>Soorujmookee</i>. The stem grows straight about a man&rsquo;s
-height; the leaves are broad and triangular, the flower circular, flat
-and yellow, with serrated edges, and it is said to follow the sun in
-his diurnal progress. There are two kinds, a small and greater; their
-medical properties the same; they are bitter to the taste, and heating
-in a considerable degree. It is beneficial in cholicks, dropsical
-affections, foulness of stomach, and rheumatism; it also improves
-appetite, and promotes expectoration in cases of cold, accompanied by
-fever.</p>
-<p id="p11" class="par"><span class="parNum">11</span> <span class=
-"sc">Area</span>.&mdash;A culinary fruit resembling the cucumber, and
-grows in the rainy season; it is so cooling that it produces pains all
-over the body; it is moreover difficult of digestion, and if taken in
-any quantity produces fever.</p>
-<p id="p12" class="par"><span class="parNum">12</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anwul (Nasal)</span>.&mdash;A large tree very common in India,
-which when in flower, has a very beautiful appearance; its flowers are
-yellow, resembling those of the <i>Cassia</i>. There are two kinds of
-this, one called <i>Mahedi Anwul</i>. Of this also there are two
-varieties. It is cooling, and the medicinal properties of all varieties
-are the same. It is used with good effect in bilious vomitings, and
-also in <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb7" href="#pb7" name=
-"pb7">7</a>]</span>leprous affections of the skin. It is recommended in
-weakness of the eyes, asthma, affections of the chest, and foulness of
-blood. It strengthens the weak and emaciated, and braces the solids
-when relaxed by disease or otherwise.</p>
-<p id="p13" class="par"><span class="parNum">13</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aruk</span>.&mdash;This name is indiscriminately given to four
-different kinds of trees; <i>Nowa</i>, <i>Cutel</i>, <i>Burhil</i> and
-<i>Taar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p14" class="par"><span class="parNum">14</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aloo</span> (Bochara).&mdash;A kind of plum.</p>
-<p id="p15" class="par"><span class="parNum">15</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abnoos</span> (Ebony).&mdash;A large tree, producing a sweet fruit
-like grapes. Its leaves resemble those of the <i>Sinobir</i>, but are
-somewhat broader: it is an evergreen, and its wood is, when good and
-full-grown, dark-colored and durable; its leaves are smooth and glassy;
-its properties said to be very active and deleterious; it is heating in
-a considerable degree, and is said to be lithonthriptic. It dispels
-flatulency, and cures tympanites. It is recommended in chronic
-affections of the liver. Filings or raspings of the wood are styptic,
-and its charcoal more so; a decoction of the wood, in spirits, is very
-effectual in discussing scrophulous tumours, when externally
-applied.</p>
-<p class="par">The raspings of the wood, mixed with whites of eggs, is
-an excellent application to scalds and burns; they are also famed for
-cleaning deep foul ulcers, and inducing the growth of healthy
-granulation.</p>
-<p class="par">Taken internally, the dose is 10&frac12; Mashas, and
-should it disagree with the stomach, which it often does, honey, or Gum
-Arabic, with sweet basil, are correctors. The large <i>Baer Tree</i>,
-(<i>Konar</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e667" title=
-"Source: ,)">),</span> is a good substitute for the <i>Abnoos</i>;
-quality, hot 3, dry 2. Persian <i>Awnoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p16" class="par"><span class="parNum">16</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anbihildee</span>.&mdash;<i>Curcuma zedoaria</i>, (Rox.) <i>Amomum
-Zed.</i> Wildenow. An Indian root, hot and dry in the 2d degree; useful
-in herpes, and foulness of the blood, and much esteemed as an external
-application in wounds and bruises, for which it is also internally
-exhibited: orange juice used as a vehicle, corrects, in some degree,
-its heating quality; or if this be not procurable, Bapahic, or the seed
-of the Penwur, or Turmeric, will have the same effect; the medicine may
-be given to the quantity of 3&frac12; Masha.</p>
-<p id="p17" class="par"><span class="parNum">17</span> <span class=
-"sc">Apurjeeta</span>.&mdash;<i>Clitoria ternatea</i>, Crow&rsquo;s
-beak, a twining shrub. The natives call it <i>Kowwa Thontee</i>, which
-literally signifies <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb8" href="#pb8"
-name="pb8">8</a>]</span>crow&rsquo;s beak, also <i>Neelisbund</i>; the
-plant is about a foot and a half high, and sometimes less, resembling
-the <i>Cungheiy</i>, only the leaves of the latter are smooth and
-polished, while those of the former are rough and hard; both the
-Apurjeeta and the variety Neelisbund, are cooling. It is beneficial in
-weakness of sight, in clearing the voice and soreness of the throat,
-and is useful in the poisonous bites of leeches. It is also of use in
-rheumatic affections of the joints, Juzam, bilious disorders, mucous
-discharge from the lungs or bowels; it allays general heat, and is said
-to be an antidote to certain poisonous substances, and of great
-efficacy in hard indolent tumours, and affections of the skin.</p>
-<p id="p18" class="par"><span class="parNum">18</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abruc</span>.&mdash;<i>Talc</i>, A fossil substance, beneficial in
-seminal weakness, redundance of bile, mucus, &amp;c. An antidote to
-poison. The physicians of Hindostan prepare it for use by calcination.
-Arabic, <i>Tulk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p19" class="par"><span class="parNum">19</span> <span class=
-"sc">Abhea</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hurr</i>; it also signifies the
-water of life, and a medicine called <i>Guloe</i>.</p>
-<p id="p20" class="par"><span class="parNum">20</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aotungun</span>.&mdash;A very common seed, resembling coriander.
-In powder it is recommended as giving strength to the system, and
-rendering Aphrodisie more permanent. It is a very favorite medicine in
-India. It is, moreover, useful in Nephritia and liver complaints, and
-it is very innocent in its operation. Some physicians describe it as
-hot and dry, in a considerable degree, and disagreeing with the
-stomach; they, therefore, recommend it to be taken with a proportion of
-sugar. In all its properties the <span class="corr" id="xd24e745"
-title="Source: Madentuzeerabad">Maadentezerrubad</span> states the
-Bonphilly to be nearly the same; dose 4&frac14; Mashas.</p>
-<p id="p21" class="par"><span class="parNum">21</span> <span class=
-"sc">Atees</span>.&mdash;The root. Of this there are two kinds, a white
-and black, and both are very common. The white kind resembles the
-<i>Jedwaar</i>; the root is very irregular in thickness. It frequently
-is found resembling the white <i>Bahmen</i>. Both kinds are bitter,
-astringent, pungent, and heating; aiding digestion, useful in
-dysentery, vomiting, and piles.</p>
-<p id="p22" class="par"><span class="parNum">22</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjmode</span>.&mdash;Bishop&rsquo;s Weed, <i>Sisson Ammi</i>,
-(Linn.) <i>Amoos</i>, (Arab.) <i>Ajooan</i>, (Hind.) <i>Nemkha</i>, P.
-<i>Ajamodum</i>, S. A hot seed, stomachic cordial and stimulant.
-(<i>Ajmood</i>, Parsley? Taylor. <i>Apium Involucratum.</i>) <i>Apium
-Involucratum</i>, Rox. M. S. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb9" href=
-"#pb9" name="pb9">9</a>]</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e794" title=
-"Not in source">&ldquo;</span>Sp. Ch. Annual, glaucous, villous,
-superior leaflets filiform, both general and partial, involucra, about
-6 leaved.&rdquo; Bitter and pungent, light and heating, increases
-appetite, induces costiveness, and strengthens the vital energy;
-increases the seminal secretion, and removes pains and other disorders,
-the consequence of colds; beneficial in nausea, is vermifuge, relieves
-hiccup, and is useful in Dysuria, but it produces heat in the abdomen.
-It is called <i>Curufs</i>, but it is only a variety of this, and is
-something betwixt that and Aniseed, though this may be owing to the
-difference of cultivation.</p>
-<p id="p23" class="par"><span class="parNum">23</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjwain</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Anise Seed. In Arabic,
-<i>Aneesoon</i>. <i>Pimpinella Anisum</i>, Linn.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Ujwain.</i> The seed of a plant of the Dill
-kind, Taylor. <i>Ligusticum Adjwaen</i>, Roxb. Sp. Ch. annual, erect,
-leaves super de compound, with filiform leaflets, ridges and furrows of
-the seeds distinct and scabrous. This is what is recommended to notice
-by Dr. Percival, under the name <i>Ajava</i> seed.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A species of the above, of which there are two kinds,
-one of which is called <i>Juhar</i>; both are bitter, pungent, and
-aromatic; it resembles the <i>Ajmode</i>, but is smaller, and has a
-strong aromatic scent. It assists digestion, improves appetite, is
-useful in rheumatism and catarrhal affections; is vermifuge, beneficial
-in dropsy, dispels flatulence, and is highly extolled in flatulent
-cholic. A. <i>Nanchoa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p24" class="par"><span class="parNum">24</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjwain</span>.<br id="p25">
-<br>
-<span class="parNum">25</span> <span class="sc">Khorasanee</span>.
-&ldquo;<i>Hyosciamus niger</i>, Linn. Black Henbane. Narcotic.
-Corrector, Vinegar.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">This plant grows thick from the root, and is covered
-with a hairy down. The seeds are contained within a hard thick shell,
-and the leaves are like those of the pomegranate flower. The pod is
-filled with seeds of a small irregular shape. There is a plant called
-<i>Hulbeh</i>, which resembles this, but is smaller. A.
-<i>Buzurulbunje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p26" class="par"><span class="parNum">26</span> <span class=
-"sc">Adjan</span>.&mdash;Or <i>Adjain</i>, a large tree, with wide
-spreading branches, in size approaching that of the mangoe; its leaves
-growing close, and also resembling those of the mangoe tree, but longer
-and thinner; the fruit is about 1&frac12; foot long, and very thin.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">27</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akhroat</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Walnut, <i>Juglans regia</i>,
-Linn.&rdquo; This is a native of hilly countries; its leaves are like
-the Terpat; the fruit <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb10" href="#pb10"
-name="pb10">10</a>]</span>is sweet to the taste, heating, and heavy; it
-loosens the bowels, and restores strength; it is useful in rheumatic
-affections, increases mental energy and the powers of manhood, and
-gives relief in flying pains in the stomach. A. <i>Jouz</i>.</p>
-<p id="p28" class="par"><span class="parNum">28</span> <span class=
-"sc">Andaluck</span>.&mdash;A kind of grain.</p>
-<p id="p29" class="par"><span class="parNum">29</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aderuck</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Ginger, <i>Amomum zinziber</i>, Linn.
-<i>Amomum zinziber</i>, Wild. <i>Adraca</i>, S. <i>Sonth</i> (dried
-root,) H. <i>Sunthi</i>, S.&rdquo; A very common root, the stem of
-which is knotty, and from every knot, a leaf is produced; it is hot and
-heavy; promotes digestion if eaten before meals, mixed with Lahore
-salt, (rock salt;) it prevents flatulent swellings in the stomach and
-bowels. P. <i>Zinzibeel tur</i>. It is much extolled as a stomachic
-when prepared as sweetmeats; but if the syrup be allowed to dry, it
-spoils, becomes less grateful to the taste, and its heating quality is
-much increased.</p>
-<p id="p30" class="par"><span class="parNum">30</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arnee</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, in height that of the
-Peach tree, but it is full of branches from the root upwards, and the
-leaves are like those of the <i>Sumhaloo</i>; it is heating, and
-beneficial in rheumatic complaints and swellings from cold. In the
-Dhintri it is described as oleaginous and heavy; effectual in Jaundice,
-increasing appetite, loosening the bowels, and removing flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p31" class="par"><span class="parNum">31</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arhir</span> or <span class=
-"sc">Toor</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cytisus cajan.</i>&rdquo; Some
-consider these as distinct species, but in my opinion <i>Toor</i> is
-only <i>Arhir</i> in an overgrown state. The plant grows to the height
-of a yard and half; and the taste of the pea of the <i>Arhir</i> is
-preferable to that of the <i>Toor</i>. <i>Toor</i> is sown and cut down
-at the same time as the sugar-cane; whereas the <i>Arhir</i> is sown,
-and cut with the barley. The pod of the <i>Toor</i> is larger than that
-of the <i>Arhir</i>; and the former has an unpleasant smell, which is
-wanting in the latter; they are both used very commonly as food, all
-over India. It is in its properties cool and dry, and produces
-costiveness; it is useful in bilious and catarrhal disorders, and in
-foulness of the blood. It is even said to be an antidote to poisons. In
-its taste it is sweet, like that of the <i>Cassela</i>. I conceive it
-hot in the 2d, and dry in the 3d degree, and recommend it for
-strengthening the stomach. When used as food it is heavy; but is
-beneficial in complaints having their origin in cold. If twice scalded
-in hot water, before it is boiled, it will cause less thirst; and if
-boiled in milk, or whey, it becomes less <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb11" href="#pb11" name="pb11">11</a>]</span>heating. A decoction of
-the leaves is recommended as a wash for the mouth, in cases of
-toothache, and diseases of the teeth. P. <i>Shakool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p32" class="par"><span class="parNum">32</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aord</span>, or <i>Aort</i>, or <i>Mash</i>..&mdash;vide M.
-(<i>Phaseolus Max.</i>)</p>
-<p id="p33" class="par"><span class="parNum">33</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arne&rsquo;</span>.&mdash;The wild buffaloe. Its flesh recommended
-in Marasmus. P. <i>Gowmeche Serhaie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p34" class="par"><span class="parNum">34</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arnd</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Castor, <i>Ricinus communis</i>, W.
-<i>Palma Christi</i>.<span class="corr" id="xd24e1016" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span> Wildenow says, &ldquo;<span lang=
-"la">Planta semper annua, nunquam fructicosa vel arborea, nec in
-calidissimis terr&aelig; plagis liguescit.</span>&rdquo; But this is
-incorrect; for the plant is perennial, and becomes a moderate sized
-tree. The natives, however, have a prejudice against allowing it to
-grow beyond 3 or 4 years, and even this is only in solitary places. The
-chief reason I fancy is, that it interferes with the cultivation of the
-soil, if permitted to remain. They usually sow it with grain, and reap
-the grain crop before it has attained its full height; this they can do
-annually, but seed sown under its shelter the second year, would not
-succeed.</p>
-<p class="par">A shrub, with broad soft leaves, like the fig tree; it
-grows about 6 or 8 feet in height; the root is hollow, and without flaw
-or wrinkle; the seed grows in bunches like grapes, and the shell of the
-pod, which resembles gall-nuts, is covered with soft prickles. The seed
-is like the coffee bean, and is stained with different colored spots,
-so as to appear like marbled paper; the kernel is white, soft, and
-oleaginous. There are two kinds of this; one with a red, the other with
-a green pod; the former is culled <i>Jongia Arnde</i>; both varieties
-are sweet, heating, and heavy. The oil of the kernel is useful in
-removing obstinate constrictions of the intestines, when given warm;
-also in flatulency; rheumatic swellings of the joints and lumbago; in
-strangury, spasms in the urinary bladder, headaches, dropsy, and
-feverish complaints. It is also recommended as an expectorant in
-difficulty of breathing, and in cough; in affections of the skin, and
-in superabundance of mucus in the intestines. It is a warm, stimulating
-purgative; the dose one or two table spoonsful. Both my father, uncle,
-and I, have used it with great success, in cases of obstinate cholic
-from costiveness. They also used the leaves moistened with <i>ghee</i>,
-as an external application in rheumatic pains and swellings. If the
-seeds are bruised, and mixed with curdled milk, and allowed to remain
-in this state till <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb12" href="#pb12"
-name="pb12">12</a>]</span>they become putrid, they form an excellent
-application for the cure of itch, and usually succeed in 7 or 8 days.
-It has also been said, that if one of the kernels be taken at first,
-and daily increased by one, till 100 are taken, and then decreased in
-the same gradual manner, it will cure Juzam, and other kinds of
-Leprosy.</p>
-<p id="p35" class="par"><span class="parNum">35</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arusa</span>.&mdash;A name for the <i>Baan Tree</i>; vide
-<i>Bansa</i>. In the <span class="corr" id="xd24e1045" title=
-"Source: Maadentezerubad">Maadentezerrubad</span>, it is thus
-described:&mdash;<i>Arusa</i> is a medicine of Hindoostan, hot and
-moist, or in the opinion of some writers, cool and moist, in the 2d
-degree: half an ounce of the juice, with as much honey, is a cure for
-hoarseness, or loss of voice; and used with the fruit of the Peepul
-tree, it increases appetite, and corrects mucous discharges. A
-decoction of the leaves in water, is useful in Jaundice, difficulty of
-breathing, Gonorrh&oelig;a, and hectic fever. As a gargle it
-strengthens the gums; and the leaves bruised, and taken in honey or
-water, cure Epistaxis, H&oelig;matemesis, Nausea, Vertigo, and
-Suppression of the menses.</p>
-<p id="p36" class="par"><span class="parNum">36</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arjun</span>.&mdash;A tree, also the fruit; hot and astringent;
-useful in bilious affections, and in prostration of strength from
-fatigue, and an antidote to poisons. Its use is interdicted in
-disorders arising from cold; also in ulcers: but externally applied it
-cleanseth foul sores, and promotes healthy granulation. It prolongs
-Aphrodisia, strengthens the system, and expedites the union of divided
-parts. Some physicians call it cooling. <i>Pentaptera Arjuna.</i></p>
-<p id="p37" class="par"><span class="parNum">37</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arloo</span>, <i>Catoombura</i>, or <i>Sheunag</i>,.&mdash;The
-name of a tree, a native of the hills; it is pungent, beneficial in
-loosening phlegm, and promoting appetite; it produces costiveness, and
-is vermifuge, and recommended in Juzam. It is an ingredient in the
-<i>Dusmool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p38" class="par"><span class="parNum">38</span> <span class=
-"sc">Arvie</span>, or <i>Arum Colocasia</i>,.&mdash;A root and seed. It
-is about 3 inches long, more or less, and when the outer rind is
-removed it is white. Its stem is about 3 feet in height; its leaves
-large like a shield, with the points reflected; in consistence and
-polish it is like the plaintain leaf. It is also called Cutchaloo, but
-the different names are only applied with propriety to different parts
-of the same root; the <i>Cutchaloo</i> being more like a <i>Byngun</i>
-or Egg-plant. They are both in general use in India. The <i>Arvie</i>
-is dressed with meat, and the <i>Cutchaloo</i> is roasted; the leaves
-and shoots are also commonly eaten. Its properties, I can declare from
-experience, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb13" href="#pb13" name=
-"pb13">13</a>]</span>are in a small degree cool; and it is useful in
-giving strength to the system; prevents the involuntary emission of
-semen; it produces wind, and is heavy and hurtful to the throat Its
-corrector is acids, and being repeatedly washed in water. The
-<i>Cutchaloo</i> is the most powerful, and the most hurtful of the two
-kinds. A. <i>Culdass</i>, at least it is so stated; but in the Yunani
-works, there is a material difference; as the <i>Culdass</i> is
-described, therefore, it is doubtful to me whether they are one and the
-same.</p>
-<p id="p39" class="par"><span class="parNum">39</span> <span class=
-"sc">Armeede</span>,.&mdash;A kind of cucumber.</p>
-<p id="p40" class="par"><span class="parNum">40</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aorde Gunta</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Satawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p41" class="par"><span class="parNum">41</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aistullkund</span>.&mdash;The name of a root; also called
-<i>Gir&agrave;mkund</i>; also a variety of the medicine
-<i>Maankund</i>: it promotes phlegm, and corrects bile and wind; it is
-also useful in foulness of the blood and general swellings. The other
-kind is useful in foulness of blood, and in bilious affections; it is
-sweet, cool, and heavy. It is likewise called
-<i>Istol&eacute;kund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p42" class="par"><span class="parNum">42</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asperuck</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Akl&eacute;el ul
-Mulk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p43" class="par"><span class="parNum">43</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asgund</span>.&mdash;<i>Physalis flexuosa.</i> A very common white
-root, also called <i>Asgund&rsquo;h</i>, about half a yard long, like
-the sweet potatoe, (<i>Convolvulus batatas</i>.) When thin and dry, it
-resembles the <i>Sh&uacute;k&aacute;kul mysrie</i>, (carrot;) its
-leaves are very like those of the <i>kuth</i>, (<i>Mimosa catechu</i>,)
-but rather less. It grows about a yard along the ground; its taste is
-astringent and bitter; it is hot, and strengthens the powers of
-virility; removes bilious and mucous affections; is beneficial in
-general swellings, and white leprosy.</p>
-<p class="par">Some give this name to the <i>Kaknej</i>, or Winter
-Cherry. In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus described.
-<i>Asgund</i> is a medicine of Hindoostan; the best sort of which is
-procurable at Nagour. It is hot and dry in the 1st degree. The people
-of India use in its stead, the <i>Soorinjan</i>, (the
-<i>Hermodactylus</i>.) It is especially beneficial in pains of the
-joints. The root, when arrived at perfection, has a strong scent of the
-horse; from which circumstance it has in India, derived its name; Asp,
-signifying the horse, and Gund, smell: it is also called
-<i>Bajecund</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">If 3 drachms of the root be boiled in 2 pounds of
-cow&rsquo;s milk, and 1 ounce of sugar mixed with it, and this taken
-for 14 days, it increases peculiar secretions, and improves the
-complexion. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb14" href="#pb14" name=
-"pb14">14</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p44" class="par"><span class="parNum">44</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asphill</span>.&mdash;<i>Padmunie</i>, a variety of <i>Kunwul</i>.
-The Lotus, (<i>Nymph&aelig;a Nelumbo</i>,) which is produced on dry
-land. It is sweet, bitterish, and cool; is useful in vomiting,
-Diarrh&oelig;a, and foulness of the blood.</p>
-<p id="p45" class="par"><span class="parNum">45</span> <span class=
-"sc">Astull</span>.&mdash;<i>Bunt&agrave;ki</i>, a name for
-<i>Buratha</i>; it means a large <i>Byngun</i>, or Egg-fruit; the plant
-being the same.</p>
-<p id="p46" class="par"><span class="parNum">46</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aspurka</span>.&mdash;Cool and light; promotes peculiar
-secretions, and is useful in various disorders: it removes offensive
-exhalations; moderates profuse sweats; is beneficial in dropsy;
-restores strength; cures emaciation; and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p47" class="par"><span class="parNum">47</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoshire</span>.&mdash;<i>Kuss kuss.</i> <i>Ooseer?</i>
-<i>Andropogon muricatum</i>, K&oelig;nig. A name for <i>Kuss kuss</i>.
-In the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, it is called <i>Aosire</i>, and is described
-as the root of the grass <i>kuss</i>, with which houses are made cool
-in the hot weather. It is cool, and assists digestion, cures laxity of
-the bowels, and is useful in bilious affections, foulness of blood, and
-superabundance of mucus; allays thirst, is a grateful application to
-blistered parts, or where much heat is experienced; beneficial in
-difficulty of voiding urine, in boils and eruptions, and prolongs
-aphrodisia.</p>
-<p id="p48" class="par"><span class="parNum">48</span> <span class=
-"sc">Asteghoon</span>.&mdash;An article of food, made by mixing one
-part of <i>Moong</i>, with two parts of rice, boiling them together,
-and pouring off the water, with which is to be mixed rock salt,
-assaf&oelig;tida, coriander, ginger, and peepul. This is an excellent
-drink in fevers, in bilious affections, and foulness of the blood; it
-increases appetite, and clears, and gives tone to the kidnies and
-bladder.</p>
-<p id="p49" class="par"><span class="parNum">49</span> <span class=
-"sc">Apheem</span>.&mdash;(<i>Papaver somniferum</i>.) Of this there
-are four kinds; the 1st, which is white, is called <i>Chaarun</i>,
-(promoting digestion;) the 2d, <i>Maarun</i>, is black; the 3d yellow,
-and the 4th, of all these colours mixed, called <i>Saarun</i>. Its
-properties are well known, and fully detailed in all Yunani works on
-medicine.</p>
-<p id="p50" class="par"><span class="parNum">50</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aginmunt</span>.&mdash;<i>Agwunt.</i> Names of <i>Arnee</i>; q.
-vide.</p>
-<p id="p51" class="par"><span class="parNum">51</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agust</span>.&mdash;(<i>&AElig;schynomene Grandiflora.</i>) A
-tree, cool and dry, producing flatulence, curing bile, foulness of
-blood, and mucus; also fever. Its flowers beneficial in improving the
-sense of smelling, and in night blindness.</p>
-<p id="p52" class="par"><span class="parNum">52</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akroat</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Akhroat</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb15" href="#pb15" name="pb15">15</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p53" class="par"><span class="parNum">53</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akirkirra</span>.&mdash;or <i>Akirkirrh&agrave;</i>,
-(<i>Dranculus</i>.) In Yunani works called discutient and
-alternant.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Anthemis Pyrethrum</i>, Linn. Pelletory of
-Spain, Ainslie. Off. The Root. <i>Pyrethre</i>, (F.) <i>Eaher
-Wustrell</i>, (G.) <i>Akk&aacute;r&aacute;c&aacute;rum</i>, (Tam.)
-Powerful stimulant, useful as a sialagogue, to excite an increased flow
-of saliva; hence useful in headache, rheumatism of the face, toothache,
-in paralysis of the tongue and muscles of the throat.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p54" class="par"><span class="parNum">54</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agur</span>.&mdash;Dry and light, useful in affections of the
-eyes; it also promotes the secretion of bile. A. <i>Oodh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p55" class="par"><span class="parNum">55</span> <span class=
-"sc">Agunie Char</span>.&mdash;Pungent and very hot. In rheumatic
-affections of the chest, <i>Soonpat</i> from mucus, and rheumatic pains
-in the joints, it is highly beneficial. This medicine is the produce of
-the western provinces of India; and the best kind is red, and feels hot
-to the touch; it is found by the sides of rivers.</p>
-<p id="p56" class="par"><span class="parNum">56</span> <span class=
-"sc">Akasbele</span>.&mdash;<i>Cuscuta reflexa</i>, a name for
-<i>Afteemoon</i>, (Dodder of Thyme.)</p>
-<p id="p57" class="par"><span class="parNum">57</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alsi</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Linum Usitatissimum</i>, W.
-<i>Atasi</i>, S. <i>Tesi</i>, H. Emollient and demulcent.&rdquo; Grows
-about 1&frac12; foot high; its leaves are thin, and its flower of the
-color of Lapis lazuli. In India it is supposed to decrease the
-secretion of semen, and to weaken sight; it is hot, and said to be
-discutient; it is useful in phlegm from cold. A.
-<i>Buzz&uacute;rkatan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p58" class="par"><span class="parNum">58</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoloo</span>.&mdash;The owl. Those who eat its flesh may expect to
-be deprived of all reasoning faculties, with loss of memory. It
-produces much wind, and is called in Persian, Boom.</p>
-<p class="par">The women of India frequently give it to their husbands,
-that by the mental weakness it produces, they may obtain more liberty
-of conduct than might otherwise be agreeable.</p>
-<p id="p59" class="par"><span class="parNum">59</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alaechee</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Kakla</i>. &ldquo;<i>Amomum
-Cardamomum</i>, Wild. <i>Amomum Repens</i>, Wood, vol. II. p.
-356.&rdquo; It is of two kinds, and very common. The tree is very
-large, its leaves resemble those of the sugar cane, of the length of a
-man; it is very fragrant, and both kinds are nearly alike in
-properties. The physicians of India call it moderately cool, aromatic,
-and bitter; and that it is useful in bilious affections, rheumatic
-complaints, and superabundance of mucus; it is likewise said to
-decrease Aphrodisia, and to be prejudicial <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb16" href="#pb16" name="pb16">16</a>]</span>in
-affections of the chest The large kind possesses all these properties
-in a greater degree than the small; &ldquo;the latter is called the
-<i>Guzerattee Alaechee</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p60" class="par"><span class="parNum">60</span> <span class=
-"sc">Alta</span>.&mdash;A name for the Lac colour.</p>
-<p id="p61" class="par"><span class="parNum">61</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amulbedh</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Amulbenth</i>, a very acid
-fruit of India; the tree much resembles the lime tree, but is rather
-larger. It is so very acid, that it will, in a few minutes, dissolve a
-needle, or small shell. It is light and aperient; improves decayed
-appetite; is cardiac; removes visceral obstructions, and increases all
-the secretions. I have been accustomed to take out part of the pulp of
-the fruit, and to fill the empty space with such medicines as assist
-digestion, and correct disorders of the digestive organs, in a pounded
-state, and allowing the fruit, thus medicated, to dry, and using it
-under the title of <i>Amulbedh</i>. It is brought in quantities from
-Jeynugger, and Ruttunboil. A spurious sort of this is made from the
-large lemon, and sold in its stead. I have found it useful in promoting
-digestion, giving relief in rheumatism, and as an aperient (<i>Amul</i>
-means acid.)</p>
-<p id="p62" class="par"><span class="parNum">62</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amulchangerie</span>.&mdash;An acid fruit, from a plant of India,
-called <i>Changerie</i>, much resembling the In-ubassaleb,
-(<i>Nightshade</i>,) and grows about 8 inches high, or more, and is
-about as much expanded. Its properties are hot, light, and stomachic;
-it promotes digestion, and is beneficial in Piles and Juzam; it cures
-laxities of the bowels, and decreases all the secretions, except
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p63" class="par"><span class="parNum">63</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amlie</span>.&mdash;<i>Tamarindus Indicus</i>. A large tree; the
-fruit and leaves off it are very small, growing from both sides of a
-centre stem; they close up at night, and are expanded during the day.
-The fruit resembles a bean-pod, bent in the centre, and usually less
-than 8 inches in length; it bends so as to assume the figure of a
-semi-circle, but often not so much. The Author of the Book
-Tophut-ul-Momeneen, describes the tree as resembling the Pomegranate
-tree; but I suspect he had never seen it. It is acid and heavy, removes
-flatulence, but increases bile and blood.</p>
-<p class="par">When ripe, it is laxative, promotes appetite, and is
-beneficial in oppression after meals. It is dry, light, cardiac, and
-restores prostration of strength from fatigue. It removes nausea,
-giddiness, thirst, and general heat. Sherbet prepared from it, should
-it agree <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb17" href="#pb17" name=
-"pb17">17</a>]</span>with the stomach, is preferable to any other, and
-prevents the noxious influence of the hot winds on the system. The kind
-which is red, ought to be chosen for preserves, and it possesses all
-the properties of the fresh fruit. The flowers of the tamarind eat with
-meat, increase its flavor; they also prevent accumulation of bile, are
-aperient, and increase appetite; but they are improper when acidity
-prevails in the stomach.</p>
-<p id="p64" class="par"><span class="parNum">64</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amrutphull</span>.&mdash;A name given to the sweet lime. Vide
-<i>Rajeneemb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p65" class="par"><span class="parNum">65</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambarae</span>.&mdash;A fruit, the produce of the hills, large and
-acid.</p>
-<p id="p66" class="par"><span class="parNum">66</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amarbele</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Afteemoon</i> (<i>Dodder
-Thyme</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p67" class="par"><span class="parNum">67</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amroude</span>.&mdash;(<i>Guava.</i>) An Indian fruit resembling
-the pear. It is full of small seeds, and is of an unpleasant smell; its
-tree resembles the mulberry, but is smaller; the leaves are like the
-leaf of the mangoe, green, with a tinge of red, and the veins of the
-leaf are strongly marked. The fruit is pendant, and its shape
-pyramidal. It is also called <i>Suffryam</i>, &ldquo;<i>Psidium
-pyriferum</i>.&rdquo; It strengthens the stomach, produces costiveness,
-and is astringent. I have given it with good effect in laxities of the
-bowels.</p>
-<p id="p68" class="par"><span class="parNum">68</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amratuck</span>.&mdash;The name of a culinary vegetable.</p>
-<p id="p69" class="par"><span class="parNum">69</span> <span class=
-"sc">Amultas</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Kurwara</i>. &ldquo;<i>Cassia
-Fistula</i>, W. <i>Sauvernaca</i>, S. <i>Casse</i>, F.
-<i>Rohnkassie</i>, G. The pulp of its fruit laxative.&rdquo; Its
-flowers are dressed, and eaten with meat; and it has the virtue of
-giving it additional flavor, and loosening the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p70" class="par"><span class="parNum">70</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ananass</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e1581" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;Called also <i>Kutel Sufrie</i>, (The
-<i>Pineapple</i>,) for this reason, that if the plant is carried along
-with a person proceeding on a journey, it will produce fruit. It is
-about the size of the large lime, called <i>Turunje</i>; its color
-yellow, tinged with red; its surface is irregular, and covered with
-small prickles; its smell like that of the mangoe, and very pleasant;
-the whole plant, including the fruit, is about a yard in height; the
-leaves have <span class="corr" id="xd24e1594" title=
-"Source: serratted">serrated</span> edges, and the fruit grows
-perpendicular. On the top of the stem there is a bunch of leaves
-growing from the top of the fruit, which if broken off, and planted, is
-reproductive. It bears fruit only once, and only one fruit at a time. I
-have not seen its properties noticed in any work, but the people of
-India call it cooling. It was <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb18" href=
-"#pb18" name="pb18">18</a>]</span>first described by <i>Abul Fuzul</i>,
-in the <i>Ayen Akberry</i>; and this was afterwards copied by the
-Author of the <i>Dhara Shekoih</i>, from which others have copied it.
-Part of this description I have copied, and from my own observation
-have added the remainder. In my opinion it is hot in a small degree,
-and moist in the 2d degree. Its use is grateful to the system, and it
-gives strength to the intellectual powers, also tone to the stomach. It
-is injurious to the throat, to the solids, to respiration, and to the
-intestines; but its corrector is sugar, and if it be sliced, put in
-rose water to which sugar is added, and allowed to stand for some time,
-its beneficial properties are increased, while its injurious qualities
-are prevented or corrected. A preserve made from it, is excellent, and
-is used with stews and Pilau, as giving them great additional
-relish.</p>
-<p id="p72" class="par"><span class="parNum">72</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambeloona</span>.&mdash;A fruit of Hindoostan, acid and
-astringent, cool and producing costiveness, beneficial in mucus and
-bile; also in carbuncle, and other tumors and affections of the
-throat.</p>
-<p id="p73" class="par"><span class="parNum">73</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambegool</span> or <i>Angool</i>, or <i>Ambegooda</i>; called also
-<i>Inderain Soorkh</i>. (Vide the next article.) A plant whose taste is
-bitter and astringent; it is hot and moist, light and purgative,
-beneficial in flatulence, mucus, and general swellings. It is
-vermifuge, and removes pains in the bowels. It is an antidote to
-poisons, and removes disorders produced by indigestion. The fruit of
-the plant is sweet and cool, heavy and purgative, useful in affections
-from wind, bile, and disorders of the blood; it removes general heat,
-and is beneficial in Marasmus. It decreases the seminal secretion,
-increases mucus, and strengthens the system. <i>Nourdi Mahommed</i>
-says, that in the epidemic carbuncle which affects the armpit or
-throat, this fruit is given with more success than any other medicine;
-and that one fruit given internally, and another applied to the part,
-will cure the disease, should there be any stamina remaining in the
-system. He also says, that if ten pounds of this fruit be steeped for a
-week in Anula water, taken out and dried, put into a mill, and the oil
-expressed, and this oil introduced into the nose for 8 days
-successively, white hair will become black. He writes much more
-respecting its virtues; but as I have had no experience of them, and
-cannot vouch for the effect, I forbear to transcribe them. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb19" href="#pb19" name="pb19">19</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p74" class="par"><span class="parNum">74</span> <span class=
-"sc">Inderain</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis Colocynthus.</i> Wild
-Gourd. Bitter cucumber. It is said by <i>Thunberg</i> to be rendered so
-perfectly mild, by being pickled, as to be used as food at the Cape of
-Good Hope.&rdquo; The fruit of a plant like the small melon, and very
-bitter; the plant too resembles that of the melon, and in Persian it is
-called the bitter melon. There are two kinds of this, one I have
-already described under the head of the preceding article. Both are
-bitter, powerful, hot, light, and purgative; a cure for Jaundice,
-useful in bilious and mucous affection, diseases of the spleen, dropsy
-and fever: they are also vermifuge.</p>
-<p class="par">In menstrual suppression the following is said to be
-effectual.</p>
-<p class="par">Of the root of <i>Inderain Soorkh</i> 1 pice weight,
-pepper 14 grains in number; bruise, and give in water: effectual in two
-or three days.</p>
-<p class="par">Also the following is used by the natives; bitter
-Toombric seed, <i>Jawakhar</i>, Goor, <i>Mynphill</i>, in equal parts,
-mixed with the milk of the prickly pear, and formed into a tent;
-applied to the Os Uteri for 3 days, it will produce fever.</p>
-<p id="p75" class="par"><span class="parNum">75</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anderjow</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nerium Anti-dysentericum</i>,
-<i>Echites Anti-dysenterica</i>, (Roxb. MS.) <i>Curaya</i>, H.
-<i>Cutaja</i>, S.<span class="corr" id="xd24e1685" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span> A large tree, with leaves like the
-almond tree; it produces a fruit long and broad, which grow separate
-from each other. The fruit contains a number of seeds, rather longer
-than those of the melon, and resembling a bird&rsquo;s tongue. The pulp
-of the fruit is of a yellowish white, but the seeds are red. Its
-properties are bitter, pungent, cool, and astringent. It cures
-flatulence, bile, and fever, is vermifuge, and is useful in piles, and
-beneficial in that kind of carbuncle the matter of which is infectious:
-there are two kinds of this, a bitter and a sweet sort: of these, the
-bitter is to be preferred. In Hemorrhoids, where much blood is
-discharged, if taken in the quantity of half a tolah daily, in cold
-water, for eight days, the cure will be accomplished. The bark of the
-tree, taken in cold water, will remove laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p76" class="par"><span class="parNum">76</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anar</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e1694" title=
-"Not in source">.&mdash;</span>A name for <i>Darim</i>, q. vide.
-&ldquo;<i>Punica Granatum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p77" class="par"><span class="parNum">77</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aunalie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shakakool</i>, (<i>Wild
-Carrot</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p78" class="par"><span class="parNum">78</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ambaray</span>.&mdash;or <i>Ambara</i>, a vegetable used by the
-poorer classes, resembling <i>Sunn</i> (hemp.) When young, it is hot,
-heavy, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb20" href="#pb20" name=
-"pb20">20</a>]</span>and promotes appetite; it is useful in flatulence,
-and loosens the belly: when ripe it is sweet and cool, and increases
-seminal secretion. In the <i>Dunterie</i> it is written, that it is
-oleaginous and astringent.</p>
-<p id="p79" class="par"><span class="parNum">79</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ankaloon</span>.&mdash;The name of a salt called also
-<i>Oodoobudh</i>. Vide <i>Loon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p80" class="par"><span class="parNum">80</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anbertasung</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Sungbusserie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p81" class="par"><span class="parNum">81</span> <span class=
-"sc">Angud</span>.&mdash;The name for <i>Hungoot</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p82" class="par"><span class="parNum">82</span> <span class=
-"sc">Anjeer</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e1773" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;<i>Ficus Carica.</i> The Fig. A common
-fruit. Its virtues are fully pointed out in Persian works. Another
-variety, called <i>Anjeer Deshtee</i>, (Adam&rsquo;s fig,)
-<i>Keonberrie</i>. Some writers call the fig hot, others describe it as
-cool, like the Goolur.</p>
-<p id="p83" class="par"><span class="parNum">83</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aaont</span>.&mdash;The Camel. The flesh is sweet to the taste,
-and light; it increases the strength of vision and dispels flatulence,
-kills larv&aelig; in the stomach, useful in piles, and increases bile
-and mucus: in P. <i>Shootur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p84" class="par"><span class="parNum">84</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoode Belao</span>.&mdash;<i>Lutre Lutreola</i>, (Shaw.) The
-Otter? An animal, named also Kunduss, called in P. <i>Saqeabi</i>. Its
-scrotum is called <i>Jeunel bedesther</i>. Its properties fully related
-in all Yunani publications.</p>
-<p id="p85" class="par"><span class="parNum">85</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoont Kutara</span>.&mdash;A prickly shrub, about a yard high;
-both leaves and branches are full of prickles, and its flowers are
-yellow; its fruit round, and also full of prickles. It is bitter and
-pungent, useful in phlegm and cough, also wind; increases bile, and is
-diuretic; it promotes digestion, and increases the strength of the
-system. If the fresh root be cut into small pieces, and the oil
-extracted from it by heat, and this oil to the quantity of one masha,
-rubbed over a plaintain leaf, and externally applied, it will increase
-Aphrodisia, and lengthen its duration. This oil, applied to the parts,
-will restore strength. Its application will also remove an offensive
-effluvia from the axill&aelig;. <i>Echinops Echinatus</i>, (Roxb.)</p>
-<p id="p86" class="par"><span class="parNum">86</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aoonk</span>.&mdash;A plant, a yard or more in height, whose
-leaves are about 2 inches in breadth, and hard like the leaves of the
-Mocao; its flower is prickly, and its seed very small, even smaller
-than the Powar, which it resembles. There are two kind: the branches of
-one red, the other white; both bitter, and promoters of digestion,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb21" href="#pb21" name=
-"pb21">21</a>]</span>decreasing mucus and wind, removing flatulent
-swellings in the stomach or bowels, and pains therein; useful in piles
-and Psora.</p>
-<p id="p87" class="par"><span class="parNum">87</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ahmlee</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Buzuroolreshad</i>.</p>
-<p id="p88" class="par"><span class="parNum">88</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aegoor</span>.&mdash;Powerfully astringent and bitter, easy of
-digestion, beneficial in disorders of blood, bile, mucus, and also in
-<i>Juzam</i>, an antidote to poison, and strengthening eye sight. P.
-<i>Shingirff</i>. (Cinnabar?)</p>
-<p id="p89" class="par"><span class="parNum">89</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aechill</span>.&mdash;The name of a reed.</p>
-<p id="p90" class="par"><span class="parNum">90</span> <span class=
-"sc">Aent</span>.&mdash;(Brick.) In P. <i>Khysht</i>. When the seminal
-secretion is too thin, this is given with success; the older kind is
-preferred in medicine. In the <i>Tophutul Momeneen</i> and other works,
-its virtues are described.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e1874" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">BEH</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p91" class="par first"><span class="parNum">91</span>
-<span class="sc">Padill</span>.&mdash;Sometimes called <i>Patill</i>,
-and another kind denominated <i>Kashta Padill</i> or <i>Kut Padill</i>.
-Of this also there is another kind, but as the properties of all are
-the same, I have not particularly distinguished them from each other.
-It is the flower of an Indian tree, which in size is equal to the
-Mangoe or Jamin, its pod is 1&frac12; feet long, and 4 fingers in
-breadth, formed of different layers, and lined with a soft cottony
-substance. The seed resembles that of the <i>Seriss</i> tree, and its
-taste is astringent, sweet, and its properties mixed, cool and hot. It
-is beneficial in swellings of a general nature, in foulness of the
-blood, in difficulty of breathing, in thirst, nausea, and loss of
-appetite. Its flowers correct all the natural secretions, and remove
-bilious laxity of the bowels, and heartburn. The pod relieves hiccup,
-and corrects bilious and mucous secretions; some have described its
-properties as cool, and the Dhuntri recommends the first kind, as the
-one to be preferred for internal use.</p>
-<p id="p92" class="par"><span class="parNum">92</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pa&aacute;</span>.&mdash;<i>Sulphur Zinci</i>, a name for <i>Zaje
-Suffed</i>. It resembles the Shibbi Yemani, but of a more yellow tinge,
-and less transparent, but its pungency and astringency greater; placed
-in the fire it becomes sublimed; its nature hot and dry. If a cloth is
-wetted with its solution, and allowed to dry, and then placed in the
-vagina, it dries the part, and lessens its diameter.</p>
-<p id="p93" class="par"><span class="parNum">93</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beekhbans</span> or <i>Beedjbans</i>.&mdash;A kind of green
-bamboo, shot as arrows by the Nepaulese, and which poison the wound
-they inflict. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb22" href="#pb22" name=
-"pb22">22</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p94" class="par"><span class="parNum">94</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bansa</span>.&mdash;Called also Pi&aacute;bansa. Some say that it
-is the name of the <i>Baadawurd</i> tree; however this may be, it is
-the name of a very common tree, found in plains and waste places; it
-grows about the height of a man, more or less; has spreading branches,
-which grow out of its stem even to the root: its leaves are thin,
-small, and pointed, when the tree is young; but they increase in size
-as the tree grows, and become like those of the Jamin. Its flowers are
-white, with prickles on their stalk. The other kind called <i>Pia
-Bansa</i> has colored flowers.</p>
-<p class="par">It increases wind, and clears the throat; it removes
-disorders of bile, mucus, or blood, cough, difficulty of breathing,
-nausea, fever, seminal weakness, juzam, and marasmus. A tooth-brush
-made of its wood, materially strengthens the gums and teeth, and of
-this many have had experience. It strengthens the system, darkens the
-color of the hair, cures the itch, and is an antidote to poison. In its
-nature it is hot, and is useful in eruptions of the skin and
-leprosy.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i><span class="corr" id="xd24e1938" title=
-"Source: Maadentuzurrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i>, that with the
-yellow flowers, is called <i>Pia Bansa</i>, and the tree is said to be
-about a yard high, with long leaves, hot, cool, and dry in an equal
-degree; a decoction of the root is beneficial as a gargle in toothache,
-or with the addition of the leaves, as a gargle in ptyalism.</p>
-<p id="p95" class="par"><span class="parNum">95</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baluka</span>.&mdash;<i>Cucumis Madraspatanus.</i> A species of
-Kitcherie; it is also called <i>Kootoombur</i>. <i>Phoont</i> is
-likewise a variety of this, and is in Persian named
-<i>Dustoomba&oacute;y&eacute;</i>. When unripe, its taste is sweet; it
-is cool, and heavy, removes eruptions of the skin from bile, and when
-ripe, it is hot, light, aperient, creating appetite, and bile.</p>
-<p id="p96" class="par"><span class="parNum">96</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palewut</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Palook</i>, a medicine of India. The
-first is sweet, hot, and cool, in an equal degree; it is heavy, and
-corrects bile and wind. The second kind, also called <i>Malook</i>, is
-sweeter than the first, and in all its properties resembling
-<i>Padill</i>, except that it produces less thirst.</p>
-<p id="p97" class="par"><span class="parNum">97</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baraykund</span> or <i>Keetkuro&oacute;dh</i>, or
-<i>Subbuzkund</i>.&mdash;The produce of a wet or moist soil. Its
-capsule is thick and hard; it is sweet, bitter, pungent, and increases
-the powers of manhood, and generally strengthens the system; it
-increases bile, but removes <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb23" href=
-"#pb23" name="pb23">23</a>]</span>a superabundance of phlegm or wind.
-It is vermifuge, and useful in seminal weakness. Its leaves used as
-greens, create appetite, improve the complexion, and are beneficial in
-Juzam. I have ascertained from several books of Hindoostan, that it is
-a species of <i>Russain</i>, and that <i>Barayokand</i> and
-<i>Bedareekund</i> are one and the same plant; but some books state the
-contrary.</p>
-<p id="p98" class="par"><span class="parNum">98</span> <span class=
-"sc">Banjkak&oacute;ra</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, of a light
-nature, beneficial in mucous affections, antidote to poison, useful in
-boils and wounds, also in sores; called in Persian <i>Khora</i>. One
-kind of this bears no fruit, hence its name <i>Banja</i>.</p>
-<p id="p99" class="par"><span class="parNum">99</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pakur</span>.&mdash;A large tree, beautiful in appearance, as
-large as the <i>Jamin</i>. The leaves also resemble the <i>Jamin</i>,
-but broader, longer, and thicker; its fruit is yellow, and when ripe,
-like the apple, but when small, it is more like the peach; it is
-cooling, and cures boils, eruptions of the skin, and is effectual in
-mucous and bilious affections, it also allays swelling in wounds. The
-fruit bears the same name; it is acid, its sherbet cardiac, promotes
-appetite, and decreases bile. By some called <i>Pakull</i>.</p>
-<p id="p100" class="par"><span class="parNum">100</span> <span class=
-"sc">Panee Amluk</span>.&mdash;A medicine of Hindoostan, hot and heavy;
-it cures flatulency, and when ripe, it increases the bilious and mucous
-secretions.</p>
-<p id="p101" class="par"><span class="parNum">101</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paadae</span>.&mdash;Pungent and bitter, hot and light, cures
-wind, bile, Juzam, and fever; vomiting, dropsy, affections of the
-heart, general heat, itch, disorders from poison, difficulty of
-breathing, and is vermifuge. It also cures <i>Badgola</i>, boils and
-eruptions of the skin, and removes laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p102" class="par"><span class="parNum">102</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babchee</span> or <i>Bakchee</i>, an Indian medicine, the seed of
-which is black; it is beneficial in every kind of leprosy, and in every
-pain of the stomach; it is used both internally and externally. I have
-used 2 mashas of this, with other appropriate medicines, infused in
-water for a night, strained and given as a drink to those affected with
-white leprosy, and other affections of the same nature; and have used
-the strained refuse externally, with the greatest success. It is
-pungent and aromatic, hot and dry in the 3d deg. light and cardiac,
-creates appetite, and cures affections of bile and mucus; but is
-prejudicial to the eyesight, and lessens the seminal secretion.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb24" href="#pb24" name=
-"pb24">24</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">In the <i><span class="corr" id="xd24e2065" title=
-"Source: Maader Tezerrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i> it is written,
-that <i>Babchee</i> is a seed about the size of gram, or rather less,
-of a dark color, and aromatic flavor, hot and dry in a small degree,
-cures wind, mucus, and Juzam; the itch and other eruptions of the skin
-when discoloration or ulceration takes place, and all complaints
-arising from foulness of blood. In <i>Acouta</i>, or that scaly leprous
-eruption that is often met with, it is very effectual, the part being
-first moistened with mustard oil, and the powder of the seed sprinkled
-over its surface.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Tried in Lepra without effect, both in
-substance and in infusion, in 1818.&mdash;Translator.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p103" class="par"><span class="parNum">103</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paperie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shumshad</i>, cool, and
-brightens the complexion, and is useful in mucous and bilious
-complaints.</p>
-<p id="p104" class="par"><span class="parNum">104</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babur</span>.&mdash;Called by some <i>Nagbo</i>, and also
-<i>Badrouje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p105" class="par"><span class="parNum">105</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barasinga</span>.&mdash;<i>Cervus Elaphus.</i> Called so from its
-many branched horns; it is about the size of a small cow, and is also
-called Thunkur or Eal. Its meat is sweet to the taste, and heavy; it
-increases Aphrodisia, cures wind, bile, and mucus. The horns rubbed
-down in water, and applied externally, cure rheumatic and other
-pains.</p>
-<p id="p106" class="par"><span class="parNum">106</span> <span class=
-"sc">Parba</span>.&mdash;<i>Cervus Porcinus.</i> Very common in the
-upper parts of India; its properties I have never seen noticed in any
-Indian publication. I have met with a description of another kind of
-deer, Cheetul, and in my opinion they are nearly alike in their
-properties; the flesh of both easy of digestion, quickly increasing the
-volume of blood and bulk of the solids; it is without fibres, hot and
-somewhat dry.</p>
-<p id="p107" class="par"><span class="parNum">107</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bander</span>.&mdash;Monkey. The flesh is beneficial in
-flatulencies, difficulty of breathing, and Jaundice, and is vermifuge;
-in P. <i>Bozeena</i>.</p>
-<p id="p108" class="par"><span class="parNum">108</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baag</span>.&mdash;In P. <i>Sher</i>. The Tiger. Its flesh is hot,
-and cures affections from wind, and complaints of the eyes. Its milk,
-mixed with Soorma, is an excellent application in that disease of the
-eye called <i>Mootiabin</i>. My grandfather experienced its good
-effects in his own case in the cure of this disease.</p>
-<p id="p109" class="par"><span class="parNum">109</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palug</span>.&mdash;A much esteemed kind of culinary vegetable
-(<i>Spinnach</i>.) A. <i>Isphanach</i>: cool and heavy, laxative,
-producing wind <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb25" href="#pb25" name=
-"pb25">25</a>]</span>and mucus, as also swelling of the abdomen. It is
-beneficial in difficulty of breathing, and eruptions from bile. Some
-say that it produces intoxication in a small degree, but this I have
-not found to be the case.</p>
-<p id="p110" class="par"><span class="parNum">110</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paan</span>.&mdash;Aromatic, bitter, astringent, hot, and
-aperient. (&ldquo;<i>Piper Betel</i>, Lin. Warm juice, febrifuge; given
-in indigestion in children, and combined with musk in Hysteria.&rdquo;)
-It creates appetite and agreeable sensations; it also increases semen,
-and is aphrodisiac. It cures disorders of wind, mucus, and of the
-blood; corrects vitiated breath, preserves the gums, clears the blood,
-is useful in prostration of strength from fatigue, and cures nervous
-head-aches. Its juice is beneficial in giving tone to the stomach and
-heart, and it promotes digestion. It corrects a cold temperament, cures
-cholicky disorders, and pains of the bowels, and this I have repeatedly
-found by experience. In my own opinion, and in the opinion of every
-Yunani writer whom I have consulted, (with the exception of <i>Shaik
-Boo Alli</i>,) it is hot; but the physicians of Hindoostan very
-generally agree with the <i>Shaik</i>. Those of a hot temperament, who
-use much of this plant, are subject to eruptions of the mouth, and
-fissures in the tongue. Its correctors are almonds and the kernel of
-the cocoa-nut, but the former is to be preferred, and the addition of
-the almond increases its effects on the mental powers.</p>
-<p class="par">The distilled water of <i>Paan</i>, as described below,
-is recommended for correcting a melancholic temperament, strengthening
-the stomach and circulation, removing spasms in the stomach, creating
-appetite, correcting flatulence, and loosening phlegm.</p>
-<p class="par">Take flowers of <i>Bugloss</i> 5 scruples, rose leaves 6
-drachms, cloves 13 scruples, <i>Paan</i> 4 ounces, distilled water of
-Bugloss two pounds, rose water 6 pounds: distil, and give as a dose
-from one to four drachms. Another: take of cinnamon 13 scruples, Indian
-Spikenard and <i>Galangal</i>, each 14&frac12; scruples;
-<i>Bugloss</i>, <i>Soad Kufah</i>, and dried mint, each 19 scruples;
-rose leaves and cloves each 24 scruples; anise seed (<i>Nancha</i>),
-and another kind called <i>Rajiana</i>, and sweet-scented flag of
-Toorkistan, each 19 scruples; <i>Paan</i> 50 leaves or more, good rose
-water 15 pounds: distil. The dose to be regulated by the temperament of
-the patient. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb26" href="#pb26" name=
-"pb26">26</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Another: take of Indian leaf (<i>Tezpat</i>), 1/2 a
-pound; cloves, <i>Indian Spikenard</i>, and anise seed (<i>Nancha</i>),
-each 4 ounces, good <i>Paan</i> 200 leaves; bruise all the ingredients,
-and let them remain in infusion for 24 hours in 20 pounds of water,
-then draw off by distillation 14 pounds: the dose will be from 8 to 10
-scruples given after meals.</p>
-<p class="par">Another: take of cloves, <i>Oodghoorkee</i>, each 13
-scruples; reduce both to a coarse powder; flowers of <i>Bugloss</i>,
-raspings of white <i>Sandal</i> wood, each 5&frac12; scruples;
-<i>Bugloss</i>, rose leaves and Indian leaf, each 4 ounces; white
-<i>Paan</i> 100 leaves, rose water 8 pounds, distilled anise seed water
-4 pounds; infuse 24 hours in the heated liquids, and draw off by
-distillation 8 pounds.</p>
-<p id="p111" class="par"><span class="parNum">111</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pariss Peepul</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Palass Peepul</i>,
-(Hibiscus populneoides, Roxb.)</p>
-<p class="par transcribernote"><span class="sc">Warning:</span> using
-mercury as described below is very dangerous. Mercury is highly
-poisonous and the claims made are incorrect.</p>
-<p id="p112" class="par"><span class="parNum">112</span> <span class=
-"sc">Para</span>, or <i>Parud</i>, (as it is called in Sanscrit,)
-Mercury. It is hot, gives strength to the eyesight, is useful in Juzam,
-and is vermifuge. A. <i>Zeebuck</i>. P. <i>Seemab</i>. It is very
-generally used throughout India, in many ways, both in its native and
-prepared state; but in the latter we ought to be very cautious, for it
-is seldom sufficiently killed, or removed from its native state, in
-which it is a dangerous drug. One grain or two grains, or even a little
-more, is taken for a dose, and in some cases with success. Cups are
-also made of it, from which milk is drank; they possess this virtue,
-that a greater quantity of milk may be taken in this way than in any
-other. It is said, that if a little Mercury be tied up in a cloth, and
-boiled in milk, that the milk will have an aphrodisiac property. Should
-any one have taken live Mercury, and the result be, that he is attacked
-with Juzam, or other leprous affection, let him take the whole of an
-Indigo plant, and cutting it in small pieces, let it be boiled in a
-large quantity of water; then straining it, drink a cupful of the water
-very frequently, till all is taken, and till then eat no food. All the
-Mercury will in the course of the day be evacuated per urethra, and if
-the whole does not make its escape the first day, the treatment must be
-repeated. If the urine be received into a brass vessel, or any other
-with a polished surface, the Mercury will be detected; many people
-having been in this predicament, have followed this advice, and found
-the result to be as I have stated it. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb27" href="#pb27" name="pb27">27</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">In a state of calcination, if it is mixed with strong
-vinegar, or lime juice, and afterwards dried, if no live Mercury
-appears it is good; otherwise it is dangerous. Others have said, that
-if mixed and rubbed with the juice of the radish leaf, till they are
-incorporated, and then a little lime juice poured over it, and again
-rubbed and dried, it will be fit for use; and the less live Mercury
-that is perceptible, the less dangerous it is.</p>
-<p class="par">To make cups and balls of Mercury, triturate the Mercury
-well with pounded bricks, in an iron pot, moistening the mixture with
-water; wash the whole in water, and strain through a moderately fine
-cloth, till the Mercury becomes perfectly clear like a looking glass.
-Take equal parts of this purified quicksilver, rock salt, and sulphate
-of copper, and put them into an iron pot, with strong vinegar or lime
-juice, and let the whole be well triturated for 7 or 8 hours, when the
-compound will appear like butter; wash this well in water, that the
-salt and sulphate be carried off, and the Mercury left behind; take
-this Mercury and coat over the outside of an unburnt earthen vessel or
-cup, till it shall be well covered and appear like Mercury; place this
-in a dish filled with lime juice, and let it remain for a week, then
-take it out and place it in the sun to dry and harden; when quite hard,
-it may be used in this way, or it may be filled with water and kept so,
-till the clay becomes soft enough to be separated from the quicksilver.
-Milk drank from this cup will have an aphrodisiac quality, and will
-increase appetite. For the formation of this cup, 9 or 10 tolahs of
-quicksilver will be requisite, and for the balls one tolah.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>The Balls.</i>&mdash;When the ingredients
-above-mentioned have, from long trituration, acquired the consistence
-of butter, balls may be formed of the composition in a fine cloth, and
-allowed to remain for 7 days in lime juice; then take them out and
-throw them into a boiling decoction of the Dhatura leaves, allowing it
-to be well boiled. The balls are then to be taken out of the cloth and
-preserved for use.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <span class="corr" id="xd24e2283" title=
-"Source: Maadertererrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span> it is said, that if
-a small parcel of Mercury be boiled in soup, made from the Bis-Copra,
-it will become hard. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb28" href="#pb28"
-name="pb28">28</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p113" class="par"><span class="parNum">113</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baboona</span>, or <i>Marehtee</i>: <i>Anthemis</i> Chamomile; a
-common flower, Akhgwan.</p>
-<p id="p114" class="par"><span class="parNum">114</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bans</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Russub</i>. P. <i>Ney</i>. Its leaves
-like those of the <i>Joowar</i>, when they are young; it is cool and a
-little astringent, beneficial in dysuria, gonorrh&aelig;a, piles, in
-stomach complaints, bilious disorders, and those of the blood, in
-cholicky pains from flatulence. Some say, that it increases the
-secretion of bile. A preserve is made from the young shoots which is
-much esteemed, and is useful in promoting appetite and giving tone to
-the stomach, correcting an increased secretion of bile or phlegm. The
-young shoots are first cut into small pieces, and steeped in salt and
-water; then dried, and afterwards put into the vinegar or other acid,
-in which it is to be preserved. The root of the bamboo in equal parts,
-with <i>Judw&aacute;r</i> (Zedoary), and <i>Suronjan</i>
-(Hermodactylis), applied externally, I have found very effectual in
-removing pains from the joints. The oil expressed from the fresh joints
-of the plants, is also very beneficial in pains of the joints and other
-rheumatic affections. Mention is made of this oil in the Hajul Umeer
-and Ejale na&aacute;f, works written by me.</p>
-<p class="par">The joints of the bamboo are very useful as a diuretic,
-and they also are effectual in producing abortion, and made into a
-decoction with Cassia fistula, are recommended for recorrecting and
-stopping the discharge after such an occurrence.</p>
-<p id="p115" class="par"><span class="parNum">115</span> <span class=
-"sc">Badgan Khutay</span>.&mdash;No account having been given of this
-in any of the Yunani works, it is left for me to give a description of
-it. It is a seed of a dark red color, the capsule resembles the stone
-of the tamarind, but is more thin and pointed, and a little open; it is
-used as an infusion with tea; it is hot, strengthens the stomach; is
-discutient, removes flatulence, and the tea corrects any bad effects
-that it may possess.</p>
-<p id="p116" class="par"><span class="parNum">116</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baremoo</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Dookoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p117" class="par"><span class="parNum">117</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barehie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Zedoary</i>.</p>
-<p id="p118" class="par"><span class="parNum">118</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patirr</span>.&mdash;The Wagtail, called in Yunani,
-<i>Suffraghoon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p119" class="par"><span class="parNum">119</span> <span class=
-"sc">Parjath</span>, or <i>Parbhudder</i>, (<i>Bombax
-heptaphyllum</i>.) The gum useful as an expectorant in worms,
-corpulency, swellings, and wind; it also increases certain secretions;
-the gum is called Moocherriss. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb29"
-href="#pb29" name="pb29">29</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p120" class="par"><span class="parNum">120</span> <span class=
-"sc">Balchur</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chur</i> (Spikenard).</p>
-<p id="p121" class="par"><span class="parNum">121</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baeberung</span>.&mdash;A seed, black, roundish, and pointed;
-bitter and pungent to the taste, hot and dry, light and cardiac;
-beneficial in itchiness of the stomach, flatulent swellings, dropsy,
-affections of mucus, wind, or worms, and remedies costiveness. A.
-<i>Birnuk Caboolie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p122" class="par"><span class="parNum">122</span> <span class=
-"sc">Badjera</span>.&mdash;<i>Holcus Spicatum.</i> A common grain; in
-my opinion hot and dry; it strengthens the system and loins; is
-aphrodisiac, and corrects acidity in the stomach, but produces
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p123" class="par"><span class="parNum">123</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papeyha</span>.&mdash;<i>Papeya</i>, <i>Carica Papeya</i>, W. A
-native of South America, now common all over India; milky juice of the
-unripe fruit, vermifuge; dose,&mdash;two table spoonfuls in warm milk,
-afterwards a dose of castor-oil.</p>
-<p id="p124" class="par"><span class="parNum">124</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papieha</span>.&mdash;A common green bird; the poets of Hindoostan
-keep numbers of them, and have an idea that the noise they make at
-night, in the rainy season, produces inspiration. Its flesh is useful
-in affection from wind and mucus, and is alone sufficient to remove
-disorders from bile.</p>
-<p id="p125" class="par"><span class="parNum">125</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papeitha</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Papita nux</i>, <i>Nux Vomica
-Serapionis</i>, <i>Faba Indica</i>, or <i>Faba Sancti Ignatii</i>, St.
-Ignatius&rsquo;s Bean, <i>Catalougay</i>, belongs to a genus called
-Ignatia Amara. The above description applies especially to the
-<i>Papeitha</i>, but not to the Nux Vomica, (<i>Cuchila</i>,) which is
-a Strychnos, this is not.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">This is a medicine of foreigners, and it is said, that
-it has been in use for the last century; there is no account of it in
-any books of Hindoostan, or in the Yunani works; but in this part of
-the country it is in general use. I have partly taken the present
-description from the books of foreigners, and partly it is the result
-of my own experience. In foreign language, it is called Papita. It is a
-nut, round, more or less so, each weighing about a pice; it is
-depressed in the centre, and of a brown color, some darker than others.
-Its properties are said to be various. If one of the nuts be strung on
-a thread and retained about the person, it is a security against
-sorcery, and the attempted mischief will recoil on the sorcerer. Should
-any one be poisoned and this be administered, the poison will thereby
-be rendered innocent. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb30" href="#pb30"
-name="pb30">30</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Whoever shall keep this constantly about his person, nor
-noxious wind nor evil eye will affect him.</p>
-<p class="par">If one retti or two retti weight of this be rubbed down
-in water and taken, it will cure pains in the stomach and cholicks.</p>
-<p class="par">It is very beneficial in the disorder called Elaous,
-also in paralytic affections.</p>
-<p class="par">In faintings and convulsions, if the teeth are forced
-open, and a little given internally, also the part of the forehead
-called <i>peshanie</i> scarified, and rubbed with a little of the
-medicine, the senses will be restored.</p>
-<p class="par">In bites of snakes or the sting of any noxious reptile
-or insect, it is highly beneficial.</p>
-<p class="par">The powder of the seed is styptic, and when applied over
-a wound in sufficient quantity to form a cake and bound up, it will
-stop any discharge of blood.</p>
-<p class="par">In intermittent fever, if about 4 barley-corns in bulk
-be given before the cold fit, it will render it much less severe, or
-remove it altogether.</p>
-<p class="par">In labor, if the pains are not sufficiently effectual, 4
-barley-corns of this given, will expedite delivery; but if by mistake
-it be given after delivery, it will cause a protrusion of the
-bowels.</p>
-<p class="par">In all laxities of the bowels it is useful. If a seed be
-allowed to remain in the mouth, it will promote the discharge of mucus
-which may oppress the chest, and will relieve acidity in the
-stomach.</p>
-<p class="par">If the nut be cut into slices and fried in sweet oil,
-the oil will form an excellent application to chancres, venereal or
-other cuticular eruptions.</p>
-<p class="par">Should any one have swallowed poison and become
-senseless, this oil forced into the throat, if swallowed, will save the
-patient.</p>
-<p class="par">This oil will also have the effect of restoring
-sensation to parts deprived of it, if rubbed externally.</p>
-<p class="par">In suppression of the menses, 7 or 8 barley-corns in
-bulk administered, will give relief.</p>
-<p class="par">Should a tendon be cut through from a wound, filling the
-division with the powder, will promote adhesion. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb31" href="#pb31" name="pb31">31</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">A tincture of it in spirits, in the strength of 25 nuts
-to half a pound of spirit, allowed to remain 15 days in the sun, is
-aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 16 liquid grains every night.</p>
-<p class="par">I have found this medicine given to the quantity of half
-a drachm, more or less, mixed up into a bolus with rose-water, very
-beneficial in excessive vomiting.</p>
-<p class="par">Once my father and I were proceeding on a journey, it
-happened, that some of our people had ate in the morning, of the food
-prepared the night before, which being stale, produced incessant and
-violent vomiting; their sufferings were great, and the color of their
-bodies completely changed. My father having no other medicine with him,
-except this, gave it to them mixed with rose-water, in various
-proportions, with great success.</p>
-<p class="par">In unremitting vomiting, it ought to be given twice,
-when it will assuredly be successful.</p>
-<p id="p126" class="par"><span class="parNum">126</span> <span class=
-"sc">Babool</span>, vide <i>Keekur</i>. Acacia Arabica, W.</p>
-<p id="p127" class="par"><span class="parNum">127</span> <span class=
-"sc">Papotun</span>.&mdash;A plant, about a yard high; its seed is like
-that of the nightshade, at first green, and when ripe, red; in
-appearance like the <i>Goonchee</i>, covered with a very thin capsule.
-The leaves heated and applied to swellings are discutient, and the root
-pounded and mixed with water, applied to the carbuncle or introduced on
-a seton, will effect a cure in a few days.</p>
-<p id="p128" class="par"><span class="parNum">128</span> <span class=
-"sc">Paethaon</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Culsi</i> or
-<i>Breshtpirnie</i>. A medicine of India; sweet, hot, light, and
-aphrodisiac; remedies laxities of the bowels and abrasions of the
-intestines. It decreases general heat, allays thirst, and is useful in
-affections of wind, mucus, bile, nausea, and fever. In the
-<i>Dhinteri</i>, it is said to be pungent, and beneficial in asthma,
-phlegm, and dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p129" class="par"><span class="parNum">129</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patole</span>, vide <i>Pulwul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p130" class="par"><span class="parNum">130</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patera</span>, usually called <i>Pat&egrave;la</i>, a name of
-<i>Birdee</i>, a reed, growing in marshy places, used for making mats.
-It grows about a man&rsquo;s height, sometimes higher, and about the
-thickness of one&rsquo;s finger. Its ashes are peculiarly drying, and
-in quality dry and moist; if sprinkled over a sore, they quickly dry it
-up; if mixed with vinegar, dried, pounded, and applied to a
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb32" href="#pb32" name=
-"pb32">32</a>]</span>carbuncle, it will cure it. They are also useful
-in <i>Ukula</i> and <i>Nufsoodum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p131" class="par"><span class="parNum">131</span> <span class=
-"sc">Patung</span>.&mdash;A large tree, a native of the hills; its
-leaves are like that of the almond, and its flowers yellow. The fruit
-round, and of a dirty green color when young, becoming red as it
-ripens, and sweet to the taste.</p>
-<p class="par">Physicians of Yunan have described it as hot, useful in
-bilious affections, mucus, and blood; also in boils and eruptions. A.
-<i>Bukkum</i>. The wood is used by dyers. In the Topha it is written,
-that in the quantity of 15 masha it is a deadly poison. Its powder is
-excellent as an application to wounds and ulcers. A bath formed of a
-decoction of the wood, clears the surface of the body, and gives
-strength to the bones.</p>
-<p id="p132" class="par"><span class="parNum">132</span> <span class=
-"sc">Putrudj</span>.&mdash;A very common leaf, in length from three to
-five inches, and in breadth two inches; of a green color, and pleasant
-smell; it is strongly marked by veins, and is brought from the hills.
-It is hot and light, useful in wind and piles, nausea, pain at the
-stomach, flatulence, and is cardiac. A. <i>Sadielj Hindui</i>. Laurus
-Cassia, W. <i>Tamalapatra</i>, S. <i>Tezpat</i>, H. <i>Tez</i> (the
-bark), H. <i>Twacha</i>, S.</p>
-<p id="p133" class="par"><span class="parNum">133</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pithpapra</span>.&mdash;<i>Oldenlandia biflora.</i> Bitter, cool,
-light, and in its effects astringent; beneficial in affections and
-disorders of bile, mucus, and blood; also in general heat; useful in
-giddiness, thirst, and fever; it generates flatulence. A.
-<i>Shaterra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p134" class="par"><span class="parNum">134</span> <span class=
-"sc">Batassa</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Phaneer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p135" class="par"><span class="parNum">135</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buthua</span>, or <i>Pasthuk</i>, &ldquo;<i>Chenopodium
-album</i>.&rdquo; A plant about a yard high, or even less; its leaves
-are small like the mint, soft and serrated; when the plant is old, it
-becomes a little larger, but the leaves remain the same. It is used in
-India as a culinary vegetable, and ate with or without meat; the leaves
-are sweetish when young; it delights to grow near water, and is found
-both in the wild and cultivated state, but the wild is considered the
-best; it is light and laxative, strengthens the system, is useful in
-affections of the spleen, eruptions from diffusion of bile, piles,
-worms, ascarides in the rectum, and corrects all natural secretions
-except blood. A. <i>Kutf</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e2643" title=
-"Source: ,">.</span> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb33" href="#pb33"
-name="pb33">33</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p136" class="par"><span class="parNum">136</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butela</span>.&mdash;A kind of Pea: see <i>Muttur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p137" class="par"><span class="parNum">137</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butaer</span>.&mdash;The Quail, <i>Perdix Olivacea</i>, (Buch.)
-Its flesh is cool, and promotes appetite; is beneficial in fever, and
-corrects the three principal secretions. Some have said, that this is a
-name for Tihoo; it resembles the partridge, but is only about half the
-size. In my opinion, it is cool and hot in equal degrees; it forms a
-desirable food for the sick, or emaciated; it strengthens the stomach,
-and produces costiveness.</p>
-<p id="p138" class="par"><span class="parNum">138</span> <span class=
-"sc">Batees</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Atees</i>, already
-described.</p>
-<p id="p139" class="par"><span class="parNum">139</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pytha</span>.&mdash;The gall-bladder of any animal. Bile is hot
-and dry, but no general account can be given of its properties, as
-almost that of every animal differs from another. If goat&rsquo;s bile
-be used, it will relieve an affection of the liver, and if it be mixed
-with camphor and butter, and introduced into the ear, it will cure
-tooth-ache, or rubbed into the abdomen of a child below the navel, it
-will prove laxative. Cow&rsquo;s bile, if introduced into the ear, will
-cure pain arising from wind, mucus or bile.</p>
-<p id="p140" class="par"><span class="parNum">140</span> <span class=
-"sc">Putalphoorie</span>.&mdash;The name of a grass, which grows in
-rocky places, from which it has either derived its name or from its
-property of dissolving the stone in the urinary or gall-bladder. It is
-a very small plant; its leaves, like those of the <i>Lobeia</i> (a
-small bean), when chewed are found to be very mucilaginous. It is a
-powerful medicine in dysuria, and is beneficial in dissolving stones in
-the urinary or gall-bladder. Of this I have several times had proof
-within my own observation; and I have given it to the extent of 5 or 6
-mashas in these disorders, combined with sugar, or with other diuretic
-medicines, or sherbets, or even in plain water; a substitute for this
-may sometimes be found in Gokroo, in cucumber seeds, or some such
-cooling medicine. A distilled water from it is in use. In one case
-where I used the Putalphoorie, I found, that while fresh and green, it
-was not so beneficial, and induced costiveness; but when dried and
-given, it was much more effectual and less prejudicial.</p>
-<p id="p141" class="par"><span class="parNum">141</span> <span class=
-"sc">Puturjenie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Lichmuna</i> and
-<i>Lichmunie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p142" class="par"><span class="parNum">142</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butchudder</span>.&mdash;A species of the <i>Catechu tree</i>; hot
-and astringent, beneficial in Aphtha, tooth-ache, blood, itch, poisons,
-and phlegm. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb34" href="#pb34" name=
-"pb34">34</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p143" class="par"><span class="parNum">143</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budjaesaar</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree; the best sort is
-called Bidjaesaar; it is beneficial in Juzam, ptyalism, white leprosy,
-seminal weakness, ascarides in the rectum, disorders of bile and blood,
-cleansing the fluids, strengthening the roots of the hair, and it is
-well known as an ingredient in many formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p144" class="par"><span class="parNum">144</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bitchoo</span>, (Scorpion.).&mdash;A. <i>Akrub</i>. Its medicinal
-properties are described in Yunani works. <i>Bitchoo Diriag</i> is
-small and of a blackish color, tinged with red, and has a sting on its
-<i>head</i> with which it wounds; its eyes are pointed, and its head is
-large in proportion to its body. The author of the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>
-supposes this to be the <i>Singee</i> fish.</p>
-<p id="p145" class="par"><span class="parNum">145</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bejoura</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Utrudj</i>, though some describe them
-as distinct species.</p>
-<p id="p146" class="par"><span class="parNum">146</span> <span class=
-"sc">Butch</span>.&mdash;<i>Acorus Calamus</i>, W. <i>Vacha</i>, S.
-Sweet-scented flag, <i>Acorus Odorant</i>, F. <i>Kalamus Nurtzil</i>,
-G. <i>Calamo Aromatica</i>, J. <i>Acoro Calamo</i>, S. <i>Wedj</i>. A.
-<i>Agrtoorki</i>. P. One kind of this is white; both kinds are bitter,
-pungent, hot and stomachic: loosens mucus from the throat, cures itch,
-mucous disorders, epilepsy, idiotism, the influence of evil spirits. In
-the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is written, that the Indians have a
-belief, that if the <i>butch</i> be taken, cut in small pieces, and put
-into an earthen pot, with ghee sufficient to cover it about an inch,
-that is one part of the butch and two of ghee, and this pot placed in
-Jow for 40 days, and 15 mashas of this taken daily, it will cure
-paralysis and loss of memory, and all complaints arising from cold.</p>
-<p id="p147" class="par"><span class="parNum">147</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budgerkund</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Soorun</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p148" class="par"><span class="parNum">148</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beechnak</span>.&mdash;The name of a poison; vide
-<i>Singia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p149" class="par"><span class="parNum">149</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedareekund</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Baraikund</i>. Of this two
-kinds are described; one of which is white, and called
-<i>Chitturkund</i>; the properties of all are alike.</p>
-<p id="p150" class="par"><span class="parNum">150</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedarkee</span>.&mdash;Also a name for <i>Bedareekund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p151" class="par"><span class="parNum">151</span> <span class=
-"sc">Budhill</span>.&mdash;Indian <i>Suffergill</i> (as it is called);
-the fruit of a large tree, very common all over India; the tree is like
-a middle-sized Jamin; its leaves are broad and longer than the Daak,
-but the latter is round, whereas this is longish, irregular on the
-back, and very brittle; when ripe the fruit is of a sweet <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb35" href="#pb35" name="pb35">35</a>]</span>acid
-taste, and when unripe it is perfectly sour; when about half ripe, it
-is hot, heavy, and flatulent, producing wind, disorders of bile,
-decreasing aphrodisia and appetite, and increasing phlegm; when ripe
-its properties are quite the reverse; but with respect to the disorders
-produced by suffusion of bile, I have not ascertained if it is
-beneficial or otherwise. The <i>Dara Shekoi</i> has not noticed this
-medicine, and for my information I am indebted to works of Hindoostan.
-As far as I can judge, it increases the tone of the stomach, raises the
-spirits; but taken in quantities, it is difficult of digestion and
-produces flatulence. It is acid, and therefore remedies bile, but it
-increases cough. The kernel is astringent.</p>
-<p id="p152" class="par"><span class="parNum">152</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bedhara</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, brought from the hills;
-it is a light wood about the thickness of liquorice root; bitter and
-astringent, hot and aperient. It is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of
-wind, phlegm, and blood; also in swellings of the body, seminal
-weakness, and forms an ingredient in many approved formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p153" class="par"><span class="parNum">153</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudmeinie</span>.&mdash;(The <i>Winter Lilly</i>.) The flower of
-the <i>Kawul</i>; sweet and cool, heavy and stomachic, astringent and
-useful in disorders of bile, mucus, and blood. A. <i>Neelophir</i>.</p>
-<p id="p154" class="par"><span class="parNum">154</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudumcharnie</span>.&mdash;A kind of the above, with few leaves;
-light and beneficial in mucous disorders and suppression of urine, and
-it hardens the matrix. For a more particular account, see Kawul.</p>
-<p id="p155" class="par"><span class="parNum">155</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pudumrauj</span>.&mdash;Sweet and astringent; cool and aperient;
-it strengthens the eyes, corrects corpulence, cures boils, eruptions,
-and is an antidote to poison. A. <i>Yacootlal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p156" class="par"><span class="parNum">156</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pedloon</span>.&mdash;A kind of salt; vide <i>Noon</i>. The salt
-of lead, called also <i>Kutchloon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p157" class="par"><span class="parNum">157</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burrh</span>.&mdash;A large tree of Hindoostan, very common, cool
-and heavy; astringent, useful in mucous disorders, in bile, boils, and
-eruptions. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is called <i>Reesha</i> in
-Persian. If the milk is applied to swellings or boils, it will effect a
-cure by resolution; or if applied to the eye, will remove specks on the
-cornea. If a tooth be at all loose, the milk applied to it will cause
-it to fall out without pain, but care must be taken that it be not
-applied to the sound tooth. If the bark <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb36" href="#pb36" name="pb36">36</a>]</span>of the tree be put into
-the pan in which fish is fried, it will soften the bones. The young
-shoots of the hanging roots and the bark, are cool, dry, and
-astringent; the milk is hot and powerful; the fruit less so. If the
-above-mentioned young shoots be bruised and put into a cloth, and
-heated over the fire, it forms an excellent and affectual application
-to lumbago or other rheumatic affections. The fruit, ate with milk and
-sugar, is mentioned as aphrodisiac, and increasing certain secretions.
-The young shoots of the pendent roots and leaves, and the bark are
-astringent, and useful in diarrh&oelig;a. The leaf-buds are also
-recommended for the same complaint, dressed with meat or otherwise.</p>
-<p id="p158" class="par"><span class="parNum">158</span> <span class=
-"sc">Birnaan</span> or <span class="sc">Burna</span>.&mdash;A tree of
-<i>Adjmere</i>; the wood of which is used for making beads, which from
-their beauty are sent to different places as presents. Its medicinal
-property is hot and aperient, stomachic, beneficial in disorders of the
-blood, phlegm, wind, dysuria, and emaciation; it is vermifuge, and
-lithontriptic.</p>
-<p id="p159" class="par"><span class="parNum">159</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purpeeloo</span>.&mdash;The <i>Araaq Hindu&#299;</i>. Cool, and
-useful in itch, Juzam, hemorrhoids, disorders of blood, mucus, and
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p160" class="par"><span class="parNum">160</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beridda</span>.&mdash;A medicine of Hindoostan; cool, and
-grateful, increasing seminal secretion, removing cough, hectic fever,
-disorders of blood, and phlegm, and increasing the strength of the
-solids.</p>
-<p id="p161" class="par"><span class="parNum">161</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pereshtpurnie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>P&aelig;thaon</i>.</p>
-<p id="p162" class="par"><span class="parNum">162</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berchakund</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Pindaloo</i>; another kind
-is called <i>Roomus</i>, also <i>Mudwull</i>; a third kind is
-<i>Sunkal</i>; a fourth <i>Kashtall</i>; a fifth <i>Hustaloo</i>; a
-sixth <i>Rucktall</i>, called <i>Ruckutkund</i>. All these roots are
-sweet, cool, dry, and flatulent; also aperient. They give tone to the
-urinary bladder, remove eruptions (the consequence of suffused bile),
-increase semen, phlegm, and wind; they strengthen the solids, are slow
-of digestion, and increase the secretion of milk. <i>Pindaloo</i> is
-somewhat bitter and hot, heavy, mucilaginous, and diuretic.
-<i>Mudwall</i> increases bile, and is bitter; but it is beneficial in
-mucous disorders.</p>
-<p id="p163" class="par"><span class="parNum">163</span> <span class=
-"sc">Barumbie</span> or <span class=
-"sc">Soonputtie</span>.&mdash;Sweet, cool, aperient, light; increases
-the powers of perception and memory, clears the voice, cures Juzam,
-jaundice, seminal weakness, foulness of the <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb37" href="#pb37" name="pb37">37</a>]</span>blood,
-and cough; is an antidote to poisons, beneficial in swelling of the
-body, in bilious affections, and is a common ingredient in all useful
-formul&aelig;. A. <i>Zernub</i>.</p>
-<p id="p164" class="par"><span class="parNum">164</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burberi</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hermodaclytes</i>. Cool,
-strong, dry; increases the general heat and bile, cures disorders of
-the blood, phlegm, daad, and worms. It is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p165" class="par"><span class="parNum">165</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bureeja</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kuna</i>,
-(<i>Galbanum</i>.)</p>
-<p id="p166" class="par"><span class="parNum">166</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berehta</span> or <span class="sc">Berehti</span>.&mdash;(Sorrel)?
-(but the first is the common name.) <i>Kuthai</i>; some say, that both
-kinds of <i>Kuthai</i> are called <i>Berehti</i>; but it is not so, the
-small kind only goes by that name. <i>Karenta</i> and <i>Kutla</i> are
-both names of the large <i>Kuthai</i>, and <i>Kuthlee</i>; and
-<i>Kuntkaree</i> and <i>Kuntkalka</i>, are names for the small
-<i>Kuthai</i>. It is hot and astringent, <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e3084" title="Source: strenghthens">strengthens</span> the animal
-spirits; is stomachic, and a pleasant addition to the flavor of food.
-It is used in disorders of mucus and blood, wind, worms, ascarides in
-the rectum, Juzam, fever, asthma, pain in the bowels, cough, dysuria,
-emaciation, Badgola. It is lithontriptic, and in P. is called
-<i>Badinjandyshtee</i>. The flower called <i>Gulkhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p167" class="par"><span class="parNum">167</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purbal</span>.&mdash;A name for Coral; see <i>Moonga</i>.</p>
-<p id="p168" class="par"><span class="parNum">168</span> <span class=
-"sc">Byrumbseerjella</span>, vide Hurhurra.</p>
-<p id="p169" class="par"><span class="parNum">169</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peertuckhpirnie</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e3116" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A species of <i>Peereshtpirnee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p170" class="par"><span class="parNum">170</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buryara</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Indian Mallow, (Sida cordifolia, W.
-Sida Rhombifolia, W. Sida Rhomboid&oelig;a, Roxb. MS. Sp. Ch.) Shrubby,
-erect, ramous; leaves short, petioled, rhomboid-lanceolate, serrate,
-3-nerved, villous; stipules sitaceous. Peduncles axillary, solitary,
-shorter than the leaves, one-flowered, capsules 12, without beak, Roxb.
-MS.&rdquo; A very light flower of Hindoostan, cool and dry, demulcent
-and emolient; it promotes seminal secretion, and cures disorders of the
-spirits, gonorrh&oelig;a, and seminal weakness. Take 24 grs. of the
-dried flower in powder, and eat with milk and sugar, for the cure of
-the above-mentioned disorders. Ext. <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>.</p>
-<p id="p171" class="par"><span class="parNum">171</span> <span class=
-"sc">Burruntaaki</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Buretta</i>.</p>
-<p id="p172" class="par"><span class="parNum">172</span> <span class=
-"sc">Purundha</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mahameet</i>.</p>
-<p id="p173" class="par"><span class="parNum">173</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pursarnie</span>.&mdash;Hot and purgative, pungent and
-strengthening; expels wind, disperses phlegm, &amp;c. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, <i>Pursarnie</i> is said to be a medicine of
-India; hot and dry, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb38" href="#pb38"
-name="pb38">38</a>]</span>beneficial in leprosy, boils and pains in the
-joints, mucous disorders, and flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p174" class="par"><span class="parNum">174</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berahumnie</span>, or <i>Berrumdundie</i>.&mdash;A wild plant,
-growing very low, with very thin branches and dark-red flowers, having
-small prickles on them; it is sweet, cool and light, increases
-knowledge and memory, relieves pains in the back, clears the voice, and
-is useful in marasmus, seminal weakness, and fever. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus described&mdash;<i>Beramdundie</i>,
-a medicine of India, with prickles on its flowers; hot and dry: seven
-scruples in powder taken in cow&rsquo;s milk, increases memory; is
-aphrodisiac, and beneficial in mania; it also removes too great
-irritability in the seminal vessels.</p>
-<p id="p175" class="par"><span class="parNum">175</span> <span class=
-"sc">Berahumie</span>.&mdash;I have given a description of this
-separately, as it is so done in the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>. A medicine
-of India, of the <span class="corr" id="xd24e3193" title=
-"Source: herbt ribe">herb tribe</span>; pungent, astringent, hot and
-dry in the 2d degree; beneficial in cholicks, phlegm, epilepsy,
-depression of spirits, fever from mucus, and delirium from cold; it is
-also stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p176" class="par"><span class="parNum">176</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peroza</span>, or <i>Berektummun</i>.&mdash;A common stone, called
-in India <i>Feroza</i>. It is astringent and sweet, stomachic, and an
-antidote to all poisons.</p>
-<p id="p177" class="par"><span class="parNum">177</span> <span class=
-"sc">Biscopra</span>.&mdash;<i>Trianthema Pentandra.</i> A wild grass,
-of a spreading kind, about 1&frac12; or a yard long; its leaves are
-like those of the Bookla Yemania, but rather less; its flowers are of a
-red yellowish color, and the whole plant forms itself into a circle on
-the ground of about half a yard in diameter. It is bitter, sweet, hot
-and dry, also aperient. It cures boils, disorders from mucus, bile,
-blood, wind, swellings, and creates appetite. It forms an ingredient in
-many formul&aelig;. One kind of this is red, and is called <i>Rukit
-Bhitt</i>; bitter and powerfully stomachic; cool, light, and inducing
-costiveness; producing wind, beneficial in disorders of mucus, bile,
-and blood.</p>
-<p id="p178" class="par"><span class="parNum">178</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pystha</span>.&mdash;The <i>Pistachio Nut</i>. Sweet, hot,
-oleaginous, heavy, aphrodisiac, and detergent; useful in disorders of
-wind and mucus, and difficult of digestion. A. <i>Fystuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p179" class="par"><span class="parNum">179</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pysturling</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Chitchera</i> or
-<i>Chirchera</i>, so called from its fixing itself in one&rsquo;s
-clothes. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb39" href="#pb39" name=
-"pb39">39</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p180" class="par"><span class="parNum">180</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bussunti</span>.&mdash;A flower of a yellow color; cool, light,
-pungent, powerfully diminishing all the secretions and sensible
-perspiration. Of a sweet smell, and pleasant to the taste.</p>
-<p id="p181" class="par"><span class="parNum">181</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bishnookrantha</span>.&mdash; A kind of <i>Biscopra</i>, of a
-pungent nature, strengthening the mental faculties; vermifuge;
-beneficial in boils, eruptions and mucous disorders. Some writers have
-given it under the head <i>Kuneyr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p182" class="par"><span class="parNum">182</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bishash</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Oostoochoodoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p183" class="par"><span class="parNum">183</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boqun</span>, or <i>Bookla</i>, or <i>Book</i>.&mdash;A plant, the
-branches of which are very thin, the leaves small, long and pointed;
-the flowers small and white, growing on every knot of the plant; they
-are round, useful in disorders from poison, phlegm, bile, and in
-dysuria. It also is lithontriptic, and beneficial in general heat and
-delirium.</p>
-<p id="p184" class="par"><span class="parNum">184</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bukochie</span>.&mdash;<i>Conyza</i>, or <i>Serratula
-Anthelmintica</i>. One kind of which is white, both sweet, astringent,
-and stomachic, powerfully cool and dry. They are aperient, producing
-flatulent, tension of the belly, promote appetite, and useful in
-disorders of blood and bile, difficulty of breathing, leprosy, seminal
-weakness, fever, and worms. The plant is carminative, and its seed
-increases bile, is useful in white leprosy, disorders of wind and
-phlegm, and forms an ingredient in many of the formula.</p>
-<p id="p185" class="par"><span class="parNum">185</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bagerie</span>.&mdash;<i>Alauda.</i> A bird, the flesh of which is
-cool, sweet, and dry; beneficial in disorders of bile and mucus. In my
-opinion it is hot and aphrodisiac; also cardiac, and increases
-corpulency; it cleanses the blood, and is a very proper food for aged
-persons, those of a cold temperament, or such as labour under cold
-diseases.</p>
-<p id="p186" class="par"><span class="parNum">186</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bukaen</span>.&mdash;<i>Melia Sempervirens.</i> (A species of the
-bead-tree.) The Hindoos call it <i>Mahaneeb</i>, vide M. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus described: <i>Bukaen</i>, is a
-common tree, cool, dry, and bitter; useful in disorders of the blood,
-gravel, swellings, and miliary eruptions, also piles and lumbago. If 9
-mashas of the seed be bruised, mixed with equal parts of sugar, and
-taken every morning in water, it will stop the discharge from the
-bleeding piles; or if a seer of <span class="corr" id="xd24e3336"
-title="Source: th eseeds">the seeds</span>, when they have become
-yellow, be infused in two seers of water, and buried in the ground for
-21 <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb40" href="#pb40" name=
-"pb40">40</a>]</span>days, taken out, and &frac14; seer drank every
-morning for six months, it will certainly cure leprosy; both Juzam and
-white.</p>
-<p id="p187" class="par"><span class="parNum">187</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pushanbedh</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Jeuntiana</i>. Its oil is equally
-beneficial, as that before recommended for strengthening particular
-organs. This and the Jeuntian are of a very different appearance, they
-are either distinct plants, or have become different from peculiarity
-of soil or cultivation. It is a root of a dirty-red color, or when
-broken, of a bright red; in figure a little crooked. It is cool and
-laxative; it is lithontriptic, cures seminal weakness, and
-gonorrh&oelig;a. My late uncle used half of this, and half
-<i>Mendhi</i>, as an application to the inside of the hands and soles
-of the feet of women laboring under immoderate flow of the menses, and
-equal benefit was derived, as is usually done from the <i>Mendhi</i>.
-In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is called cool and dry, removing
-flatulence, bile, thirst, heat, dysuria, gravel, contraction of the
-urethra, and difficult menstruation.</p>
-<p class="par">For the cure of the above-mentioned complaints, it is to
-be given in water; but for seminal weakness, gonorrh&oelig;a, dysuria,
-&amp;c. it is to be taken in goat&rsquo;s milk. The dose is six mashas.
-It grows in stony places.</p>
-<p id="p188" class="par"><span class="parNum">188</span> <span class=
-"sc">Buckree</span>, or <i>Ch&egrave;rie</i>, q. vide</p>
-<p id="p189" class="par"><span class="parNum">189</span> <span class=
-"sc">Becktindeek</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Teindoo</i>, q. vide</p>
-<p id="p190" class="par"><span class="parNum">190</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palass</span>.&mdash;<i>Butea Frondosa.</i> A very common tree,
-called also <i>Pullae</i>; it is a large forest tree, which in season
-loses its leaves and throws out flowers of an orange or fire color; its
-leaves are oval; their breadth about 3 or 4 inches; it is hot,
-laxative, and stomachic; used in boils, eruptions, Badqola, gravel,
-piles, worms, and broken bones. It is written, that when the white
-flowers of the Daak are found, and any one shall eat the seeds and the
-bark of them, their hearts will be cleansed, their understanding
-increased, and they shall then ever be endowed with supernatural
-knowledge; it may be advisable to eat <i>moong ka dall</i> along with
-it. Its flowers are called <i>Tesoo</i>; they are astringent, curing
-disorders of mucus, bile, blood, and difficulty in making water. If a
-decoction is prepared from the flowers, and poured warm from a height
-on the parts, it will be found useful in pains of the kidneys, bladder,
-and in suppression of urine. It is diuretic, and if <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb41" href="#pb41" name="pb41">41</a>]</span>given
-with medicines of that class, it will add greatly to their efficacy.
-The flowers are excellent as a fomentation in pains; also hydrocele and
-schirrous swellings of the testicle may be greatly benefitted by it.
-The seeds called <i>Palass papra</i>, are hot and light; they cure
-seminal weakness, piles, worms, and disorders of wind and mucus. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, &ldquo;<i>Palass papra</i> is said to be like
-the seed of the <i>Amultas</i>, round, broad, and thin, of a dark-brown
-color; its kernel white, or yellowish, and perfectly insipid: it is
-oleaginous, and smells when chewed.&rdquo; In my opinion, it is useful
-in phlegm, and the root is beneficial in cholic. The nurses of
-Hindoostan put one seed into the mixture, which they exhibit after
-parturition, with much benefit, as it is cardiac. The capsule when
-whole is also used in decoction. The dose to an adult is four or five
-seeds, but beyond that, the opinion of the physician is necessary. I
-have used the bark of the seed and the capsule made into pills, with
-great success, when mixed with <i>Goor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p191" class="par"><span class="parNum">191</span> <span class=
-"sc">Belaikund</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrabad.</i>&rdquo; A
-medicine of India, also called <i>Pullai</i> seed, or <i>Kaika</i>; a
-seed red, round, and about the size of a pice, but thinner: it is light
-as a leaf, and is hot, and dry in the third degree. Applied to blisters
-on the tongue, to boils, or other eruptions; it removes the bad skin,
-and cleanses the parts below. It is purgative; removes wind, and every
-complaint of mucus, cold, or itch; its corrector is ghee, or butter,
-and its succedaneum <i>Koonush</i>. The dose is three and a half masha,
-or 12 grains.</p>
-<p id="p192" class="par"><span class="parNum">192</span> <span class=
-"sc">Palass Peepul</span>.&mdash;<i>Hibiscus Populneoides</i>, (Roxb.)
-A large tree, of the <i>Peepul</i> kind; its leaves and fruit large,
-moist and aphrodisiac; producing phlegm and worms.</p>
-<p id="p193" class="par"><span class="parNum">193</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pulwull</span>.&mdash;<i>Trichosanthes Di&oelig;ca</i>, (Roxb.) A
-culinary vegetable, of the cucumber kind, oval in its shape; the plant
-low, and creeping, like the <i>Kanoorie</i> or <i>Cutcherie</i>; they
-sometimes sow it with the <i>Paan</i>. It is eaten either (when boiled)
-by itself, or dressed with meat; it is hot and moist; promotes
-digestion; and strengthens the stomach and powers of virility; creates
-appetite; cures cough and disorders of the blood, and lessens the other
-three secretions. It is also beneficial in fevers, boils, and
-eruptions. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb42" href="#pb42" name=
-"pb42">42</a>]</span>It is vermifuge; its leaves are cooling, and cure
-disorders. Its branches remove superabundance of phlegm, and its root
-is pungent and aperient, strengthening the stomach. Equal in its
-degree. Again, it is said to be a fruit eaten by the people of India,
-sown and cultivated with the <i>Paan</i>, because it delights in shady
-places. Useful in fever, piles, and mental debility; it is aperient and
-promotes digestion; and some say, an antidote to poison.</p>
-<p id="p194" class="par"><span class="parNum">194</span> <span class=
-"sc">Billie</span>.&mdash;The Cat; its meat is sweet, hot, and moist:
-of use in mucous and flatulent disorders.</p>
-<p id="p195" class="par"><span class="parNum">195</span> <span class=
-"sc">Billoousseeke</span>.&mdash;Astringent; removes disorders of wind,
-phlegm, cholick, or other pain of the bowels. The <i>Bale</i> which
-bears no fruit, is called by this name.</p>
-<p id="p196" class="par"><span class="parNum">196</span> <span class=
-"sc">Byll</span>.&mdash;<i>Crat&oelig;va</i>, or <i>&AElig;gle
-Marmelos</i>. The fruit of jungle-tree, like the Quince; called also
-<i>Bale</i>.</p>
-<p id="p197" class="par"><span class="parNum">197</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bylla</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shahudae</i>, <i>Keekwon</i>,
-<i>Kangi</i>, and <i>Bursali</i>.</p>
-<p id="p198" class="par"><span class="parNum">198</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bulka</span>.&mdash;Likewise a name for <i>Kangi</i>.</p>
-<p id="p199" class="par"><span class="parNum">199</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunda</span>.&mdash;<i>Epidendrum Tessillatum</i>, (Missletoe.)
-<i>Epidendron Tesseloides</i>, (Roxb.) I know not whether this is in
-itself a tree, or a shrub, or from whence it makes its appearance; but
-it is found growing from the branches of other trees. It is dry, and
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood; in boils and
-eruptions, and as an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p200" class="par"><span class="parNum">200</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pynvar</span> or <i>T&oelig;roota</i>.&mdash;A species of
-<i>Cassia Obtusifolia</i>. A wild shrub of India, about one or one and
-a half yard high, its seed is used for food, and is reckoned among the
-farin&aelig;; it grows like the <i>Mooth</i>, especially when it is
-split down the middle. The color of the capsule is brownish, long, and
-has an indented mark on both sides. It is sweet, cool, dry, light, and
-useful in disorders of wind, bile, Juzam, Daad, and worms. It also
-produces an exhilaration of the spirits. I have found that three masha
-bruised, and mixed with a pound of curdled milk, placed in an earthen
-vessel for three days, till it becomes fermented, is very useful when
-externally applied in psora and other kinds of itch. The seed is
-heating, and generally mentioned as such. It is also light, and
-beneficial in itch, Daad, Zaerbad, Soorkhbad, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb43" href="#pb43" name="pb43">43</a>]</span>and
-produces phlegm. Its leaves and young stalks are light; and produce
-flatulence and mucus. It is called by many <i>Chukwund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p201" class="par"><span class="parNum">201</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ponauk</span>.&mdash;An Indian flower, sweet and cool; useful in
-disorders of the blood, bile, and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p202" class="par"><span class="parNum">202</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punk</span>.&mdash;In Arabic <i>Vaheel</i>. P. <i>Lae</i>, (wet
-clay). Cool and laxative; useful in general heat in hemorrhoids, and in
-swellings of the body.</p>
-<p id="p203" class="par"><span class="parNum">203</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunbele</span>.&mdash;The flower of the wild Raibele. It is
-astringent, lithontriptic, and recommended in mucous and windy
-disorders, and in suppression of urine.</p>
-<p id="p204" class="par"><span class="parNum">204</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindole</span>.&mdash;A white earth, used for cleaning houses;
-sweet, cool, moist, astringent, and beneficial in that species of
-leprosy, called Soorkhbad; also in bilious disorders, and affections of
-the uterus. It is also said to clear the complexion.</p>
-<p id="p205" class="par"><span class="parNum">205</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pendaloo</span>.&mdash;<i>Trewia Nudiflora</i>, (Lin.) <i>Rottlera
-Indica</i>, (Wild.) This is of two kinds; a white, and a red. The
-latter is probably that called <i>Roomis</i>, vide R.; the white is
-always called <i>Pendaloo</i>. It is sweet, cool; difficult of
-digestion; aphrodisiac; useful in lessening bilious secretion, in
-dysuria and heat, and in heightening the animal spirits.</p>
-<p id="p206" class="par"><span class="parNum">206</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindaluck</span>, or <i>Pindal</i>, vide <i>Pendaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p207" class="par"><span class="parNum">207</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunpowarie</span>.&mdash;The flower of the wild <i>Powarie</i>,
-which blows in the hot weather; there is one kind of this, which
-flowers in the rains; both are bitter, cool, light; lessens the three
-principal secretions, and is useful in affections of the ear, nose, and
-mouth.</p>
-<p id="p208" class="par"><span class="parNum">208</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pindkhajoor</span>, vide <i>Bhoomkhajoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p209" class="par"><span class="parNum">209</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punna</span>.&mdash;A name for the stone, called
-<i>Zamoorud</i>.</p>
-<p id="p210" class="par"><span class="parNum">210</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bunslochun</span>.&mdash;A substance produced in the hollow joints
-of the bamboo; cool and allaying thirst; removing hectic fever, common
-fever, difficulty of breathing, bilious disorders, foulness of blood,
-and jaundice. It is called in Arabic <i>Tubasheer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p211" class="par"><span class="parNum">211</span> <span class=
-"sc">Poondereek</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kawul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p212" class="par"><span class="parNum">212</span> <span class=
-"sc">Benowla</span>.&mdash;The Cotton-seed. Moist, and heavy; causes
-bile, increases seminal secretion and milk, both in the human and brute
-creation.</p>
-<p id="p213" class="par"><span class="parNum">213</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punchcheer</span>.&mdash;Name of a compound made of the milk of
-five trees; viz. <i>Burr</i>, <i>Peepul</i>, <i>Palass peepul</i>,
-<i>Goolur</i>, <i>Pakur</i>; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb44" href=
-"#pb44" name="pb44">44</a>]</span>some, in place of <i>Palass
-peepul</i> substitute the <i>Seriss</i>. It is astringent, useful in
-boils, eruptions, swellings, and sudden inflammatory eruptions; (Eczema
-Rubrum;) also affections of the vagina. It increases seminal secretion
-and milk, and promotes the union of fractured limbs. The leaves of the
-above-mentioned trees are cool, light, and astringent; very beneficial
-in disorders of mucus, wind, and the blood; their fruit produces
-swellings of the belly, but is useful in eruptions caused by
-superabundance of bile and disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p214" class="par"><span class="parNum">214</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pungekool</span>.&mdash;A formula of four ingredients; viz.
-<i>Peepul</i>, <i>Peepulajab</i>, <i>Chittea</i>, and <i>dried
-Ginger</i>. It creates appetite, and is recommended in disorders of
-wind, mucus, swellings of the belly, produced by affections of the
-urinary bladder, and bad-gola.</p>
-<p id="p215" class="par"><span class="parNum">215</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punjemool</span>.&mdash;Two kinds, called large and small, by way
-of distinction. The large is composed of <i>Bale</i>, <i>Aginmunth</i>,
-<i>Padill</i>, <i>K&aacute;shmerie Sheonak</i>. Its taste is bitter and
-astringent; it is light, hot, and stomachic; dissolves animal fat,
-cures disorders of phlegm, wind, and difficulty of breathing. The small
-is composed of <i>Gookhroo</i>, <i>Salpurbi</i>, <i>Bureshtpurbi</i>,
-<i>Bereta</i>, <i>Rutai</i>. Its taste is sweet, and its properties are
-in equilibrium. It strengthens the system in general, and is useful in
-disorders of bile and wind.</p>
-<p id="p216" class="par"><span class="parNum">216</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bindaal</span>.&mdash;A creeping plant, which is found on trees;
-it resembles the <i>Kusseroo</i>, and its seed is dark-colored, like
-those of the Till. Its capsule is somewhat larger than that of the
-<i>Kusseroo</i>, covered with a black rind, which also covers a second.
-It is very beneficial in the <i>Zaerbad</i> of horses; is pungent, and
-creates appetite, and is useful in wind and mucus. It is common to
-hills, plains, and ditches. In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i> it is said
-to be a cure for hydrophobia, in the quantity of two fruits mixed with
-black pepper. It is said to be an Indian fruit like the black Hurrhe,
-light, bitter and elastic: its rind is hard; and the best kind of it is
-yellow. It is hot and dry in the 3rd degree. If pounded and sifted, and
-after a motion introduced into the rectum, it will in a few days cause
-the separation of hemorrhoids and their discharge. A fumigation of
-these seeds is also very beneficial <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb45"
-href="#pb45" name="pb45">45</a>]</span>in external piles. If they are
-bruised and mixed with cow&rsquo;s <i>ghee</i>, and introduced into the
-nose, they will cure irritability of temper and epilepsy, and remove
-all complaints arising from wind. If two or three seeds be moistened
-with water for a night, and in the morning two or three drops be
-introduced into the nose, it will produce the discharge of that yellow
-fluid from the brain which causes the disease named <i>Pirbaal</i>, or
-loss of sensation in the olfactory nerves.</p>
-<p id="p217" class="par"><span class="parNum">217</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bindeakurkotheki</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Banjekakora</i>, so
-called from its barrenness; pungent, useful in poisons and cough.</p>
-<p id="p218" class="par"><span class="parNum">218</span> <span class=
-"sc">Puns</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kutel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p219" class="par"><span class="parNum">219</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punnus</span>.&mdash;An appellation for <i>Lackutch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p220" class="par"><span class="parNum">220</span> <span class=
-"sc">Punealae</span>.&mdash;A plant, &ldquo;<i>Flacourtia
-Catafracta</i>;&rdquo; the fruit of which resembles the
-<i>Zerdaloo</i>, and is itself like to the <i>Neemb</i> tree; the
-leaves are like those of the ratan; unripe, it is green, but when ripe
-red.</p>
-<p id="p221" class="par"><span class="parNum">221</span> <span class=
-"sc">Poiey</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Basella Alba et Rubra.</i>&rdquo; A
-culinary vegetable which grows slow and creeping; its fruit is black;
-cool and moist; it is heavy and rough in the throat, thickens the
-voice, is soporific; promotes the secretion of semen and mucus, and
-cures eruptions from bilious disorder.</p>
-<p id="p222" class="par"><span class="parNum">222</span> <span class=
-"sc">Podhka</span> or <i>Boleserie</i>.&mdash;A large tree with very
-beautiful flowers, of a sweet smell. It bears fruit like, or rather
-having the color of the orange, in size and shape like the <i>Baer</i>,
-or <i>Bulooth</i>; it is cool, beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile,
-and affections of the teeth, as has been ascertained by experience. The
-fruit is cool and astringent, flatulent, and diminishes phlegm and
-bile. If chewed and kept in the mouth, it cures tooth-ache.</p>
-<p id="p223" class="par"><span class="parNum">223</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boont</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cicer Arietenum.</i>&rdquo; The
-green, unripe Gram. It is in the opinion of Indian physicians cool and
-dry; allays chordee; increases wind; is light, flatulent, and also
-favors secretion of bile and blood. The Yunani physicians differ very
-materially from those of Hindoostan respecting its properties.</p>
-<p id="p224" class="par"><span class="parNum">224</span> <span class=
-"sc">Potie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cyprinus Chyssopareius</i>,&rdquo;
-(Buch.) A very small fish; heavy, and increasing phlegm; it is the
-smallest of all <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb46" href="#pb46" name=
-"pb46">46</a>]</span>fish; sweet to the taste, beneficial in all the
-three secretions, All the varieties of small fish are strengthening and
-aphrodisiac; stomachic, and useful in affections of wind and cough.</p>
-<p id="p225" class="par"><span class="parNum">225</span> <span class=
-"sc">Potuck</span>.&mdash;A kind of honey, resembling <i>ghee</i>; hot,
-dry, and light.</p>
-<p id="p226" class="par"><span class="parNum">226</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ponda</span>.&mdash;<i>Saccharum Officinarum</i>, (Sugar-cane).
-Sweet, cool, moist, heavy, and aphrodisiac; strengthening the system;
-enlivening the flow of animal spirits; beneficial in bilious disorders,
-and is diuretic. It increases the secretion of mucus, and breeds worms
-in the intestines.</p>
-<p class="par">That which is of a red color, is cool and heavy, and
-allays general heat; useful in disorders of bile and blood: remedies
-suppression of urine. The black Sugar-cane is in its properties like
-that which is white. The very best is cool and moist, aphrodisiac,
-laxative, and increases mucus.</p>
-<p id="p227" class="par"><span class="parNum">227</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bole</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<span class="sc">Myrrha.</span>&rdquo; A
-name for <span class="sc">myrrh</span>; cool, increases knowledge;
-creates appetite; improves a relish for food; cleanses the uterus;
-beneficial in disorders of the blood and bile, and in Juzam.</p>
-<p id="p228" class="par"><span class="parNum">228</span> <span class=
-"sc">Podeena</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mentha Sativa</i>, W. <i>Mentha
-Crissa</i>, Murray, ii. 178, <i>Mentha viridis</i>, Woodville, iii.
-463.&rdquo; Arabic, <i>Nana</i>. It is hot and dry; promotes digestion;
-allays vomiting from phlegm; is vermifuge, peculiarly aphrodisiac;
-increases eye-sight, and is astringent.</p>
-<p id="p229" class="par"><span class="parNum">229</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phalisae</span> or <i>Ph&aacute;lsa</i>.&mdash;The fruit of a tree
-of Hindoostan, of two kinds. One sweet, the other acid; the first is
-called <i>Shukurie</i>, the second <i>Sherbuttee</i>. The tree of one
-is small, not above a yard high. The other is as large as a mulberry
-tree. The fruit of the acid kind is the largest; its leaves large,
-round, and partially indented. The fruit is at first green, and
-astringent; when nearly ripe it is rich, and when it arrives at
-maturity it assumes a dark-purple color; when red, it is very acid; and
-when purple, of a sweetish acidity. The fruit is like the nightshade
-berry, or even larger. It is very grateful to the taste, and beneficial
-in disorders arising from a redundance of bile and blood; loosens
-phlegm, and is less prejudicial than any other <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb47" href="#pb47" name="pb47">47</a>]</span>acid
-fruits. It is also astringent; allays thirst; strengthens the stomach
-and system. Its sherbet is excellent in strengthening the circulation,
-and removing depression of spirits in heat, fever, and giving tone to
-the stomach. It is also recommended in many other disorders. Its
-sherbet is a corrector of the mogane. If 48 grains of the bark of the
-root of the sweet Ph&aacute;lsa be infused for a night in water, and
-then rubbed and strained, the infusion forms an excellent remedy in
-ardor urin&aelig; and gonorrh&oelig;a; yet the sweet kind is less
-cooling than the acid species, though I have found the former the most
-effectual in giving strength to the circulation and to the stomach. The
-expressed juice of the Ph&aacute;lsa in water, boiled, is used as a
-condiment.</p>
-<p id="p230" class="par"><span class="parNum">230</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhangra</span>.&mdash;<i>Eclipta</i>, or <i>Verbesina
-Prostrata</i>. A small creeping plant; its flowers very minute. Some of
-them white, others of a dark color; the leaves small, in branches and
-leaves resembling the mint. Another species is called <i>Kookur
-Bhangra</i>; the plant of which is high, long, and large. It is found
-at the bottom of old walls. It is bitter, hot, pungent, and dry;
-cleanses the skin; cures affections of wind, phlegm, complaints of the
-eyes, pains in the head and Juzam. It forms an ingredient in many
-famous formul&aelig;. If it be dug up <span class="corr" id="xd24e4000"
-title="Corrected by author from: from">by</span> the roots on a Sunday,
-and dried in the shade; washed seven times in the <i>Bale</i> sherbet,
-and as often dried in the shade; and as much as may be contained in the
-palm of the hand, be eaten daily by those afflicted with white leprosy
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e4007" title=
-"Corrected by author from: or">and</span> Juzam, the disorders will be
-removed. The seed bruised with black Till and sugar, and eaten, will
-strengthen the senses of hearing and seeing, and will promote
-longevity. If during the four rainy months, the Bhangra be used with
-the hurrha, bhaera, and anula, in equal parts, and a fourth part of
-peepul, every disorder will be removed, and the hair will become
-black.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is said, that Bhangra
-is a shrub, like the Anjedan, but somewhat larger, of a purple or
-reddish color; disagreeable to the taste; hot, and dry. Of this there
-are three kinds: a yellow, green, and black; it improves the eye-sight,
-is beneficial in phlegm and swellings, white leprosy, Juzam, burns,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb48" href="#pb48" name=
-"pb48">48</a>]</span>and black spots in the face. Recent writers have
-said much of the virtues of the black kind; its seed is in its
-properties equal; beneficial in disorders of wind, phlegm, foulness of
-blood, blisters, and difficulty of breathing. If for 50 days nine masha
-be pounded, bruised, and taken in water, the hair will not become
-white. If the plant (black) be dried in the shade, and six masha be
-taken for two months, it will blacken the hair. It is the best external
-application for colouring the hair.&mdash;<i>See Singia.</i></p>
-<p id="p231" class="par"><span class="parNum">231</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phirrhud</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree in India. Vermifuge; it
-cures flatulency, disorders of mucus and blood. An antidote to poisons;
-induces corpulency, and remedies seminal weakness.</p>
-<p id="p232" class="par"><span class="parNum">232</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoje Puttur</span>, called also <i>Burje Puttur</i>, (the birch
-bark.)&mdash;A tree common in Cashmere; the bark of which may be
-separated into numerous layers, like the talc, and each layer resembles
-paper.&mdash;The layers are variegated, and colored with straight
-lines; white and red. The Cashmerians use it as paper; in its medical
-properties, it is beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood;
-ear-ache, and possession by evil spirits. In India it is used for
-making hookah snakes; and if clothes be lined with it, it will prevent
-them from being stained with perspiration. In Persian, it is called
-<i>Tooze</i>.</p>
-<p id="p233" class="par"><span class="parNum">233</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoum amulek</span>.&mdash;The anula tree, without the principal
-root; it is bitter and astringent, cool, and producing flatulence; it
-allays thirst, cough, disorders of bile, blood, and phlegm; it cures
-marasmus, and is useful in hurts.</p>
-<p id="p234" class="par"><span class="parNum">234</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phoje</span>.&mdash;Cool and heavy, astringent and useful in
-bilious eruptions, and disorders from phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p235" class="par"><span class="parNum">235</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pockurmool</span>.&mdash;A root; bitter, pungent, hot and
-stomachic; useful in disorders of wind and phlegm, in fevers,
-swellings, difficulty of breathing, and in affections of the liver.</p>
-<p id="p236" class="par"><span class="parNum">236</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bharingee</span>.&mdash;The bark of a tree in the hills; bitter,
-pungent, hot, and dry; promotes appetite; remedies disorders of
-indigestion, swellings, cough, disorders of wind, phlegm, difficulty of
-breathing, fever, and pains in the uterus.</p>
-<p id="p237" class="par"><span class="parNum">237</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bh&aelig;r</span>.&mdash;The name for a sheep, called also
-<i>Mendha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p238" class="par"><span class="parNum">238</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhains</span>.&mdash;The Buffalo, called also <i>Mahaki</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb49" href="#pb49" name=
-"pb49">49</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p239" class="par"><span class="parNum">239</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bheria</span>.&mdash;The Wolf; also named <i>Bhuddha</i>. Its
-flesh is heavy, beneficial in disorders of wind, in affections of the
-eye, and clears the voice. Its teeth rubbed down in water forms an
-effectual application in specks of the cornea. This was used by my
-father with success. If the teeth be suspended from the neck of a
-child, it will preserve the child from the effects of an evil eye. A.
-<i>Zeeb</i>. P. <i>Goorg</i>.</p>
-<p id="p240" class="par"><span class="parNum">240</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phunjeetuck</span>.&mdash;A species of <i>Loonia</i>; a culinary
-green.</p>
-<p id="p241" class="par"><span class="parNum">241</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuhira</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Terminalia <i>Bellerica</i>, (Roxb.
-MS.) <i>Beleric myrobalan</i>. P. <i>Beyleyleh</i>.&rdquo; In taste it
-is astringent; grateful during the process of digestion; hot, dry, and
-beneficial in disorders of phlegm, bile, and cough; strengthens the
-eyes, hair of the head, and the brain. It produces a slight degree of
-intoxication. A. <i>Baleludje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p242" class="par"><span class="parNum">242</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhelawj</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bela</i>, <i>Semicarpus
-Anacardium</i>.&rdquo; It is astringent and sweet to the taste; hot and
-light. It promotes appetite; is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of the
-wind and phlegm; useful in dropsy, flatulence, Juzam, piles,
-diarrh&oelig;a, Badgola, fever, and white leprosy. It is vermifuge, and
-used in boils and eruptions. A. <i>Bil&acirc;do&uacute;r</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">I have found that its kernel used as an ingredient in a
-decoction intended to promote aphrodisia, (having used it myself,) is
-effectual; it strengthens the stomach and powers of virility, and cures
-colds beyond any other medicine.</p>
-<p class="par">A friend of mine had a very severe cold in his head, for
-which he had taken much medicine without relief. I first gave him the
-Nux Vomica to supplant the habit of eating opium, to which he had
-become addicted: from this he derived partial benefit; but it soon
-became as difficult to refrain from this as from the opium. I then gave
-him the kernel of the Bela made into pills with honey, and cured him of
-his disorder.</p>
-<p class="par">I also gave it to a woman who had a swelling on both
-sides of the uterus, which was daily increasing, and this it also
-cured.</p>
-<p class="par">In short, this is a drug, that when it agrees with the
-patient, no medicine is equal in efficacy; but when it disagrees, no
-drug is more prejudicial. It will be prudent not to give it to any one
-of a hot temperament. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb50" href="#pb50"
-name="pb50">50</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p243" class="par"><span class="parNum">243</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoom Kajoor</span>.&mdash;A tree as tall as the <i>Taar</i> tree.
-The stem rough and serrated; the leaves only growing at the top; they
-are long and hard, and used in making mats. The tree is also called
-<i>Pinkajoor</i>. It is sweet, cool, and moist; it allays pain, and is
-an excellent application in bruises. It is beneficial in disorders of
-blood, wind, bile, and debility. The <i>Pinkajoor</i> is brought from
-Mooltan or <i>Tattla</i>, and in A. is called <i>Rittub</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Rittub</i>, which is brought from Mecca, is
-aphrodisiac; strengthens the kidnies, back, tone of the stomach, and
-corrects a cold phlegmatic temperament. This is ascertained from
-experience. It also increases the volume of blood; but if much is used,
-it produces a fermentation therein, unless habit has rendered it
-innocent.</p>
-<p id="p244" class="par"><span class="parNum">244</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhehi</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Quince. The seed very mucilaginous,
-and excellent in diarrh&oelig;a and dysentery.&rdquo; A species of
-pear, of a yellow color.</p>
-<p id="p245" class="par"><span class="parNum">245</span> <span class=
-"sc">Boochitter</span>.&mdash;Some call it <i>Beechitt&uacute;r</i>; it
-is cool and heavy, aperient, strengthening, increasing the three
-principal secretions. A. <i>Jamarookh</i> and <i>Koombi</i>; also
-<i>Gagundool</i>, vide K.</p>
-<p id="p246" class="par"><span class="parNum">246</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuiteroor</span>.&mdash;Whoever shall use this as their only food
-for one month, their youth will be prolonged, and their hair remain
-black. It will strengthen the solids, and give universal strength. If
-it be ate for 40 days, it will produce a sweet smell from the body. It
-is laxative, and in A. called <i>Soonamookey</i>. &ldquo;<i>Cassia
-Senna.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p247" class="par"><span class="parNum">247</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoeperus</span>.&mdash;A name of honey.</p>
-<p id="p248" class="par"><span class="parNum">248</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhang</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Canabis Sativa</i>;&rdquo; a name
-for <i>Kainib</i>, called also <i>Bidjia</i>; it is pungent, bitter,
-hot, light, and astringent; it promotes appetite, cures disorders of
-phlegm, produces idiotism; is the cause of foolish speech and conduct,
-or in other words, it intoxicates; if used in excess it produces fever,
-and it increases all the deleterious effects of poison.</p>
-<p class="par">The author of the <i>Dhar&aacute; Shekoi</i> says, that
-when he was digging the foundation of a house in Bengal, he found a
-board, on which the effects of this drug was written, and on this it
-was recorded, that Mahadeo used constantly to eat of this, and that
-from its use, he derived the wonderful aphrodisiac power, with
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb51" href="#pb51" name=
-"pb51">51</a>]</span>which he was gifted; he says he has tried it, and
-found it very beneficial.</p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Bidjia</i> 64 tolahs, when the sun is in the
-division <i>Sirtaam</i>, white sugar 32 tolahs, and pure honey 16
-tolahs, cow&rsquo;s ghee 34 tolahs. First fry the Bidjia in the ghee,
-then add the honey in a boiling state, afterwards the sugar: use this
-in moderate doses daily, and when it has been used for two months,
-strength and intelligence will have become increased, and every
-propensity of youth restored; the eye-sight cleared, and all eruptions
-of the skin removed; it will prove an exemption from convulsions and
-debility, and preserve the bowels at all times in a state of order. It
-will likewise give an additional zest for food.</p>
-<p id="p249" class="par"><span class="parNum">249</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoom Kudum</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p250" class="par"><span class="parNum">250</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhendi</span>.&mdash;A very common vegetable of the culinary kind,
-from 2 to 3 inches in height: very mucilaginous. It is sweet; produces
-wind and phlegm; it diminishes bile; is diuretic, and increases the
-seminal secretion. &ldquo;<i>Hibiscus Esculentus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p251" class="par"><span class="parNum">251</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phaar</span>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Cashmee</i> calls it the
-medicine of <i>Shaik Furried</i>, because it was a great favorite of
-his. It is common at Agra and Delhi; it is bitter, and difficult of
-digestion, and hot; it cures fever from phlegm and bile, also
-diarrh&oelig;a and indigestion, and cholicky pains in the bowels. Its
-virtues are many, but too numerous for the compass of this work. The
-people of Hindost&rsquo;han use it as a culinary vegetable with much
-benefit.</p>
-<p id="p252" class="par"><span class="parNum">252</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhindale</span>.&mdash;The name of <i>Bhindal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p253" class="par"><span class="parNum">253</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phankra</span>.&mdash;<i>Mahomed Cassim</i> says, that this tree
-is the <i>D&aacute;rsheesh&aacute;n</i>, and that the name of its bark
-is <i>Kagphill</i>; it is hot, and easy of digestion; it lessens the
-secretion of wind and phlegm. It is aperient, and corrects a bad taste
-in the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p254" class="par"><span class="parNum">254</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhapungi</span>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Cashmee</i> says, that
-this is the <i>Anjidan Roomi</i>. It is pungent bitter, and hot, and is
-useful in removing coughs from phlegm, asthma, swellings, wounds, worms
-in the stomach, heat, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p255" class="par"><span class="parNum">255</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phitkerrie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sulphate of Alumine</i>,
-<i>Alumen</i>. F. <i>Alaun</i>, G. <i>Allume</i>, I. <i>Alumbre</i>. S.
-<i>Sphatica</i>. <i>Shan Shub</i>, A.&rdquo; Pungent, astringent,
-transparent. It increases and clears the <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb52" href="#pb52" name="pb52">52</a>]</span>complexion; is beneficial
-in seminal weakness and dysuria, in all complaints of the vagina, in
-vomiting, and in thirst.</p>
-<p id="p256" class="par"><span class="parNum">256</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bheroza</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Gundha Bheroza</i>,
-(Turpentine.) In its properties it approaches the <i>Koondhur</i>; but
-its effects are more drying. If a tent be made with this, and applied
-or introduced into the vagina, it will cure any affection to which that
-may be subject, and prevent habitual abortion.</p>
-<p id="p257" class="par"><span class="parNum">257</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhateele</span>.&mdash;In Persian called <i>Goolqunda</i>. A.
-<i>Verdmoonuttin</i>.</p>
-<p id="p258" class="par"><span class="parNum">258</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoodill</span>.&mdash;The name of a piece of <i>Talc</i>.</p>
-<p id="p259" class="par"><span class="parNum">259</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhoothpees</span>.&mdash;A name for the Ram.</p>
-<p id="p260" class="par"><span class="parNum">260</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phaloke</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Arloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p261" class="par"><span class="parNum">261</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhu&rsquo;th Kutaeye</span>.&mdash;The name of both kinds of
-<i>Kutai</i>, &ldquo;<i>Solanum Jacquini</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p262" class="par"><span class="parNum">262</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhohphilly</span>.&mdash;A creeping grass, the fibres of which are
-very thin, and its leaves very small. Its seed vessels are numerous,
-thin, and small, about the size of the nail of the finger; it is
-aphrodisiac, and thickens the seminal fluid.</p>
-<p id="p263" class="par"><span class="parNum">263</span> <span class=
-"sc">Phooth</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis Momordica</i>,&rdquo;
-(Roxb.) P. <i>Dustumb&oelig;ah</i>. Its properties approach those of
-the melon when unripe. In my opinion, as nature has given it a sweet
-smell, it must be beneficial in strengthening the heart and brain; but
-it encourages the attack of putrid fever. It is used to form a sherbet
-with sugar and rose-water, for the above-mentioned beneficial
-purposes.</p>
-<p id="p264" class="par"><span class="parNum">264</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bhuntaki</span>.&mdash;(&ldquo;The wild <i>Bhengun</i>; is the
-Solanum Melongena,&rdquo;) a name for <i>Badinjan</i>; sweet, pungent,
-and penetrating, and during digestion, bitter, hot, and light;
-beneficial in diminishing phlegm and bile, strengthens the circulation,
-clears the complexion, promotes appetite, and cures fever and
-cough.</p>
-<p class="par">When ripe, it is hot and heavy, and increases the
-bilious secretion. The white kind is inferior in virtue to the black.
-Some call it hot, others cold. I have from experience found it
-excellent in giving strength to the stomach; that it is very drying,
-and produces vitiated bile; from this circumstance it prevents sleep,
-or produces unpleasant dreams: its correctors are ghee or oil. Although
-I have stated all these properties, yet as a culinary vegetable it is
-in very general use, it cannot possess them in any great degree; it is
-called <i>Benghun</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb53" href="#pb53"
-name="pb53">53</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p265" class="par"><span class="parNum">265</span> <span class=
-"sc">Pechuck</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bidjosaar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p266" class="par"><span class="parNum">266</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beedjbund</span>.&mdash;(From the <i>Maadentezerrabad</i>.) A
-medicine of India, red and black; its seed resembles that of the onion,
-red and shining; the red kind is to be preferred. It is aphrodisiac,
-increases seminal secretion, strengthens the back and loins. It is cool
-and dry, flatulent and difficult of digestion; its corrector is sugar;
-its sucoedaneum, the seed of the <i>Antungun</i>. The dose is one
-miskal with equal parts of sugar.</p>
-<p id="p267" class="par"><span class="parNum">267</span> <span class=
-"sc">Benth</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Calamus Rotang.</i>&rdquo; Of this
-there are many kinds; one kind called <i>To&aelig;ikam</i>, another
-<i>Jillbenth</i>, a fourth <i>Itchill</i>; the whole four are cool and
-cure swellings, piles, pains in the uterus, boils, eruptions, acne,
-difficulty in voiding urine, <span class="corr" id="xd24e4522" title=
-"Corrected by author from: lithonthriptic,">are lithonthriptic, useful
-in</span> affections of wind and mucus, also foulness of blood.
-Jillbenth is astringent and flatulent, and Itchill is an antidote to
-poison.</p>
-<p id="p268" class="par"><span class="parNum">268</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peetul</span>.&mdash;(Brass.) P. <i>Bering</i>. It is not an
-original metal, but a composition. In its properties it is equally
-cool, hot, and dry; it cures disorders of wind, phlegm, jaundice, and
-affections of the spleen. A kind of this is called Sonepeetul.</p>
-<p id="p269" class="par"><span class="parNum">269</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peepul</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ficus Religiosa.</i>&rdquo; A tree
-of India, very large and common; the young leaves are green, but when
-well formed become yellowish; it is cool; cures disorders of bile,
-phlegm, and blood; is useful in boils and eruptions. The bark of the
-tree is aphrodisiac, strengthens the loins, and restrains watery
-discharge from the urethra; and this I have found from experience. Some
-say, this is called in P. Lirzan. Its fruit is about twice the size of
-the Pha&igrave;sa. It tastes like the fig. It is called
-<i>Peepulie</i>, and is when ripe of a yellowish color. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus mentioned. &ldquo;The Peepul tree
-in Persian is called Lirzan; in the opinion of the inhabitants of
-India, cool and dry. Its fruit diminishes the secretion of bile,
-promotes digestion, relaxes the bowels; and if the bark be infused in
-water and applied to boils, it will hasten suppuration and promote the
-discharge of the matter; if the bark be burnt and thrown into water, it
-will quickly purify it.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p270" class="par"><span class="parNum">270</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bale</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Raebale</i>; cool and light;
-cures disorders of phlegm, and is an antidote to poisons. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb54" href="#pb54" name="pb54">54</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p271" class="par"><span class="parNum">271</span> <span class=
-"sc">Baele</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Called also <i>Byll</i>,
-<i>Crat&oelig;va</i>, or <i>&AElig;gle Marmelos</i>; Wood Apple.&rdquo;
-The name of a fruit which grows like the quince; its seeds are larger
-than those of the <i>Ryhan</i>. I have seen the tree, it is like the
-<i>Bukaen</i>; its leaves very soft and tender, broad and long,
-somewhat like the Moong: on each small sprig it has three leaves. Some
-have said that it was originally wild, but subsequently brought into
-our gardens; that which is now in gardens is larger than that which
-grows uncultivated. The fruit is hollowed out and used as snuff-boxes,
-and for several other purposes. It is a very common tree in India; it
-is bitter, astringent, and a little sweetish, hot, and moist; when ripe
-it is heavy, producing phlegm, bile, and wind, causing heat of stomach,
-and is difficult of digestion. It destroys appetite and induces
-costiveness; but unripe it is light, strengthens the circulation, and
-the whole body; induces costiveness; increases appetite, hastens
-digestion, and cures disorders of wind and phlegm. I have given it with
-other medicines for the cure of diarrh&oelig;a with good effect.
-&ldquo;And in dysentery, a table-spoonful of the pulp, made into
-sherbet, and taken several times a day, has been effectual.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p272" class="par"><span class="parNum">272</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeloo</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Salvadora Persica.</i>&rdquo;
-&ldquo;Careya Arborea,&rdquo; (Roxb.) The Indian name for this, Araak.
-It is a wild growing shrub, about the height of a long spear, (8 feet,)
-with many branches; it is broad and round in its general appearances;
-its leaves thin, and about &frac12; an inch long. The fruit is called
-Peel or Peeludj; it is hot, light, and aperient; promotes appetite,
-cures Badgola, piles, affections of the spleen and wind; is
-lithonthriptic; useful in disorders of the blood; it produces bile, and
-in all favorite formul&aelig;, it forms an ingredient. The fruit is
-also called Jhal; it is bitter, laxative, lessens phlegm<a id=
-"xd24e4595" name="xd24e4595"></a>, general heat, Juzam, fever, and
-worms. The wood of the Peeloo used as a tooth-brush, is excellent for
-preserving the gums.</p>
-<p id="p273" class="par"><span class="parNum">273</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peoke</span>, or <i>Peossie</i>.&mdash;The first milk given by any
-animal after the birth of its young. A. <i>Lubba</i>. It increases the
-bulk of the solids, and inclination towards aphrodisia, but it causes
-hiccough, and the formation of stone in the bladder, and is difficult
-of digestion; its corrector is sweetmeats.</p>
-<p id="p274" class="par"><span class="parNum">274</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peease</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Allium Cepa. Agnon</i>, F.
-<i>Swiebel</i>, G. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb55" href="#pb55"
-name="pb55">55</a>]</span><i>Cipolla</i>, I. <i>Pallandoo</i>, S.
-<i>Onion</i>.&rdquo; A. <i>Bosool</i>. Pungent, and during digestion
-sweet; hot in a small degree, and in its effects resembling Garlic. It
-increases mucus, removes disorders of wind, and hydrocele. There is a
-smaller sort, called <i>Karinjun</i>, which increases bile, produces
-costiveness, and cures piles. There is a third kind, which when dried
-is white, and is recommended to be kept in any house to prevent the
-approach of snakes or any venomous reptiles.</p>
-<p id="p275" class="par"><span class="parNum">275</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeplamool</span>.&mdash;The name given to the root of the Peepul
-tree, but some give the name to the whole tree, and some give the name
-to the fibres of the root of any tree; but judging from the name, I
-conceive it to be what I have just stated. Mool being root, and Peepul
-must indicate the kind of root. The idiom is Indian, and I think must
-be correct. It is bitter and pungent, dry and stomachic; promotes
-digestion, cures disorders of wind and phlegm, but impairs the
-eye-sight and seminal secretions.</p>
-<p id="p276" class="par"><span class="parNum">276</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bear</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Konar</i>, &ldquo;<i>Ziziphus
-Jujuba</i>.&rdquo; Sweet, cool, heavy, aperient, causes wind, produces
-corpulency, cures disorders of bile, wind, blood, general heat, and the
-disease called <i>Rajerogue</i>; also allays thirst. Another kind of
-this, named <i>Husthkool</i>, and a third called <i>Kurkund</i>, q.
-vide.</p>
-<p id="p277" class="par"><span class="parNum">277</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeta</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Khunda</i>, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p278" class="par"><span class="parNum">278</span> <span class=
-"sc">Passownie</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Ch&iacute;rk&aacute;k&oacute;lie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p279" class="par"><span class="parNum">279</span> <span class=
-"sc">Bealduntuck</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Kh&aacute;rkh&uacute;suck</i>, meaning a snake&rsquo;s tooth. This
-is known to every one.</p>
-<p id="p280" class="par"><span class="parNum">280</span> <span class=
-"sc">Peeche</span>.&mdash;Congee, or rice water; it is cool and allays
-thirst; it is proper food for the sick; drank with rose water,
-<i>Beelemoosk</i> and sugar, or with pomegranate sherbet, it produces
-cold, strengthens the circulation, and entirely allays general
-heat.</p>
-<p id="p281" class="par"><span class="parNum">281</span> <span class=
-"sc">Beerbahootie</span>.&mdash;An insect very common in the rainy
-season, resembling scarlet velvet; hot in the 3rd and moist in the 2nd
-deg. One insect, with the legs taken off, ate with Paan, is very
-efficacious in paralytic disorders, and other complaints from cold.
-Bruised and mixed with water, it is used as an aphrodisiac, in seminal
-weakness, &amp;c. Its oil is also used as an external application in
-debility brought on by onanism, and for giving strength to the muscular
-fibres. Its succed. is the Kinchua. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb56"
-href="#pb56" name="pb56">56</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;I have prescribed the <i>Beerbahootie</i> with
-decided good effects in paralysis, commencing with one and increasing
-to three or four in the day: 1 or 2 given with a little pounded nutmeg
-is said to be very efficacious in spasms in the bowels of
-children.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e4724" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">TEH</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p282" class="par first"><span class="parNum">282</span>
-<span class="sc">Talmukara</span>, or
-<i>Talmukana</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bartleria longifolia.</i>&rdquo; A
-seed, very small, and like the <i>zeera</i>, red, the color of
-<i>Toodrie</i>, but the <i>Toodrie</i> is round, whereas this is
-longish and smaller. The plant is knotted like a reed, and has prickles
-on the joints. The flower is like the lotus, but is whiter. It is cool
-and heavy; increases seminal secretion, and cures disorders of wind and
-blood; it forms an ingredient in all aphrodisiac formul&aelig;; it is
-taken mixed with cow&rsquo;s milk, either cold or boiled. In the
-<i>Maadentezerrabad</i>, it is thus described.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Talmukana</i> is a medicine of India; its seed of a
-brown color, like that of the Anjera; cool and moist; used as an
-aphrodisiac, in cases of seminal weakness, in gonorrh&oelig;a, and in
-chancres. It is astringent; strengthens the system; is flatulent, and
-not easy of digestion: its corrector is sugar; its succed. Moosliesia.
-The dose six masha.</p>
-<p id="p283" class="par"><span class="parNum">283</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taal</span>, or <i>Taar</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Borassus
-Flabelliformis.</i>&rdquo; A very high tree, about 60 feet, more or
-less; very common in the Deccan and in Bengal. At Agra it is more
-common than at Delhi; the leaves grow at the top of the stem; they are
-broad and long; and of these are formed Punkahs, which are much
-esteemed and carried to various parts. They are also used for writing
-upon; its fruit is like the cocoanut; the kernel of the fruit is cut
-into pieces, and ate with sherbet and sugar; it is very sweet to the
-taste, and is called the Tirkool.</p>
-<p class="par">The upper part of the stem of the fruit is cut across,
-and the liquid which exudes from the wound, received into earthen
-vessels called Labnahs, and these fill several times in the course of
-the day. This liquor is called Taarie: when fresh drawn and before the
-sun is above the horizon, it is sweet to the taste; but it soon becomes
-fermented, and is then intoxicating. It is cool and moist, beneficial
-in disorders of wind and bile, also in boils and eruptions. It is both
-aperient, and aphrodisiac. A liquor distilled from the Taarie, is to be
-preferred: roasted or stewed meat should <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb57" href="#pb57" name="pb57">57</a>]</span>be eaten along with it.
-It produces pains in the limbs, and heaviness of the head, and is as
-intoxicating as spirits. The fruit is sweet and cool, heavy and
-flatulent, causes pains in the limbs, cures affections of wind, bile,
-blood, and bruises; it relieves general heat, and allays thirst. Its
-seed is also sweet, cool, and diuretic; useful in disorders of wind and
-bile. P. Khoormae Aboojile, or Khoormae Hindee. A. it is called Doom,
-but the author of the <i>Munhage</i> says, that Doom means the Googul
-tree. The <i>Maadentezerrubad</i> thus describes it: taar is a tree
-like the date tree; its leaves about a yard long; the kernel of the
-fruit is often sold for the sea cocoanut. The juice of this tree is the
-taarie, so well known; it is equally hot and cold, and moist in the 2nd
-degree. It is aphrodisiac and diuretic, induces corpulency, and if
-taken to excess produces intoxication and head-ache. If fresh drawn, it
-is sweet and less intoxicating; but allowed to remain for a night, it
-becomes acid, and then it is very inebriating. The fresh taarie
-improves the complexion, moistens the brain; is beneficial in hectic
-fever, in difficulty of breathing, in depression of the spirits, and is
-aperient. If allowed to remain long, it becomes sour, smells very
-strong; is heating, and causes vomiting and indigestion.</p>
-<p class="par">In the Lyzuttoor rejal, it is thus mentioned: taarrie is
-an intoxicating produce of the taar tree, very common to the eastward.
-The tree resembles the date tree, but its leaves are different: when
-fresh, the taarie is hot and moist, induces corpulency; is aphrodisiac,
-diuretic, and when it has acquired a strong smell, is intoxicating, and
-in that state, it is very heating, and produces indigestion, with
-heaviness of the brain. The sherbet of the pomegranate allays vomiting
-brought on by its use. Its succedaneum is a decoction of dates called
-Sendhi.</p>
-<p id="p284" class="par"><span class="parNum">284</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taalesputter</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Talesphir</i>; of this
-there are many and various accounts, some call it the leaf of the wild
-olive, <i>zeatoon</i>, and others call it the bark of the <i>Lissaan
-nulaej safeer</i>, or <i>Biss&rsquo;bassa</i>. The author of the
-<i>Topha</i> says, that he considers it the same as the <i>Tewaje
-Kutai</i>. The people of India deem it hot, light, aphrodisiac,
-stomachic, promoting digestion, curing difficulty of breathing, cough,
-disorders of phlegm, badgola, and hectic fever. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb58" href="#pb58" name="pb58">58</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p285" class="par"><span class="parNum">285</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tanbirr</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Copper.</i>&rdquo; It is sweet,
-cool, light, and aperient: cures disorders of bile and phlegm; useful
-in marasmus, Juzam, piles, asthma, swellings, cough, and ague. It is
-caustic, and in A. is called Nowhass. P. Miss. The physicians of India
-use it in a calcined form, and speak much in its favour. If it be
-properly prepared, it will be soluble in water. In my opinion, if it
-does not produce heat in the blood, nausea, pains in the bones, and
-joints, giddiness, and confusion of ideas, it will be fortunate, and
-will be a sign, that it has been well prepared; and should it stand
-both these tests, it may be used with comparative safety.</p>
-<p id="p286" class="par"><span class="parNum">286</span> <span class=
-"sc">Taberuck</span>.&mdash;A tree, the produce of Arabia; its fruit
-and flower resembling the rose; during digestion it is bitter and hot;
-removes bile, and blisters, and seminal debility.</p>
-<p id="p287" class="par"><span class="parNum">287</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tubasheer</span>, or <i>Tubakeer</i>, names of
-<i>Bunslochun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p288" class="par"><span class="parNum">288</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuputtee</span> or <i>Typsie</i>, a trefoil grass.</p>
-<p id="p289" class="par"><span class="parNum">289</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tatyrie</span>, in P. called <i>Teetoo</i>; a bird, the meat of
-which produces wind. &ldquo;<i>Tringa Goensis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p290" class="par"><span class="parNum">290</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tittereek</span>, sometimes called <i>Tintereek</i>.&mdash;Its
-fruit, when unripe, is beneficial in disorders of wind; is vermifuge,
-and destroys worms in the rectum; it is very heavy; but when ripe, is
-light and astringent, and is useful in weakness of the digestive
-organs, and cures disorders of phlegm and wind. A. Simaak.</p>
-<p id="p291" class="par"><span class="parNum">291</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tudje</span>.&mdash;<i>Laurus Cassie?</i> Some say that this is
-<i>Kirfa</i>, and others <i>Syleekha</i>; also called
-<i>Keelkheela</i>; it is in Indian works described as cool and pungent;
-it cures disorders of phlegm, and more especially dissipates
-collections of it in the small intestines; clears the passage to the
-stomach or &oelig;sophagus, and promotes digestion.</p>
-<p id="p292" class="par"><span class="parNum">292</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tedhara</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Euphorbia Antiquorum.</i>&rdquo; A
-kind of <i>Seehund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p293" class="par"><span class="parNum">293</span> <span class=
-"sc">Turkool</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the Taar tree, vide
-<i>Taal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p294" class="par"><span class="parNum">294</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tarkoota</span>, or <i>Terookhun</i>.&mdash;The title of a
-formul&aelig; composed of <i>peepul</i>, pepper, and ginger, in equal
-parts. It creates appetite and promotes digestion; cures difficulty of
-breathing, cough, local affections of the skin, badgola, seminal
-weakness, phlegm, swelling of the testicles, and diseases of the
-nostrils.</p>
-<p id="p295" class="par"><span class="parNum">295</span> <span class=
-"sc">Terisgundh</span> or <i>Tirjatuck</i>.&mdash;The name of the
-following <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb59" href="#pb59" name=
-"pb59">59</a>]</span>formul&aelig;. Small cardamums, <i>Kerfa</i>,
-<i>Tezpat</i>, in equal parts. It is said to remedy disorders of
-phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p296" class="par"><span class="parNum">296</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirtuck</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice, of the same properties as
-the <i>Saathie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p297" class="par"><span class="parNum">297</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirmirra</span>.&mdash;The best kind of this grows in gardens. It
-is hot in the 2nd degree, dry in the 1st. When fresh, it is moist, and
-its juice is excellent in wounds and ulcers; it is diuretic and
-aperient; produces frequent inclination to aphrodisia, and causes
-blindness. Its corrector is K&aacute;ou (Lettuce), or Kasni (Endive),
-or Koorfa, or Till. It increases the secretion of semen, and thickens
-its consistence. It is an antidote to the bite of the mongoose. If
-bruised and applied to the root of the acid pomegranate it will render
-it sweet. A. <i>Jerjeer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p298" class="par"><span class="parNum">298</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tersindiaturnie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Jeeaphul</i>; see
-I.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">299</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teraemanna</span>, called also <i>Teraman</i>.&mdash;It is cool,
-sweet, and useful in pains of the stomach, in mucus, super-abundance of
-blood, giddiness, thirst, delirium, poisons, and vomiting. Manna.</p>
-<p id="p300" class="par"><span class="parNum">300</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teroor</span>, called also great <i>Dathun</i>.&mdash;Bitter and
-cool; strengthens eye-sight; cures bile, heat, diseases of the mouth
-and hepatic eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p301" class="par"><span class="parNum">301</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirnie</span>.&mdash;Cool and sweet, increasing eye-sight,
-beneficial in bilious disorders, bile, heat, thirst, vomiting, and
-eruptions of the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p302" class="par"><span class="parNum">302</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirdisha</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mahomeed</i>.</p>
-<p id="p303" class="par"><span class="parNum">303</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tyrphilla</span>.&mdash;The name for <i>Hurr</i>, <i>Bhaera</i>,
-and <i>Anula</i>.</p>
-<p id="p304" class="par"><span class="parNum">304</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tirpurnie</span>.&mdash;An appellation for <i>Jalpurnie</i> or
-<i>Tirpunnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p305" class="par"><span class="parNum">305</span> <span class=
-"sc">Takkur</span>.&mdash;The name given to a mixture of Dhaie and
-water.</p>
-<p id="p306" class="par"><span class="parNum">306</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuggur</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Asaroon</i> (<i>Asarabece</i>);
-it is sweet, hot, moist, light, and an antidote to poisons. It cures
-epilepsy, delirium, affections of the eyes, wind, and mucus. One kind
-of it is red. (<i>Asarum</i>), excellent errhine.</p>
-<p id="p307" class="par"><span class="parNum">307</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teluck</span>.&mdash;A flower like the <i>Till</i>; hot,
-beneficial in mucous disorders, and Juzam; an ingredient in favourite
-formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p308" class="par"><span class="parNum">308</span> <span class=
-"sc">Telk</span>.&mdash;<i>Ginger.</i></p>
-<p id="p309" class="par"><span class="parNum">309</span> <span class=
-"sc">Till</span> or <span class="sc">Tillee</span>.&mdash;The name of a
-seed, from which oil is extracted, and which leaves much refuse after
-the oil has been drawn. When green, it is dry, increases knowledge, and
-promotes <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb60" href="#pb60" name=
-"pb60">60</a>]</span>appetite. Is astringent, reduces corpulency,
-clears the voice and complexion, and allays thirst. There are three
-kinds of this, the 1st called <i>Pooth</i>, the 2nd <i>Tilbund</i>, or
-white Till, the 3rd is wild; it is heavy and astringent, increases
-mucus and bile, strengthens the head, cures boils, and all rheumatic
-affections. Is stomachic, increases knowledge, and restrain the
-secretion of urine. The best kind is black, next the white, and last in
-order the red. The flower of the Till is useful in disorders of the
-eye, such as specks, and that affection called Nachoona, and is applied
-mixed with Soorma with good effect. This is stated both in the
-<i>Ejalenapheh</i> and <i>Elajejul-umrae</i>.</p>
-<p id="p310" class="par"><span class="parNum">310</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toolsi</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ocimum Sanctum.</i> <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e5121" title="Not in source">(</span>Roxb. MS.) Shrubby,
-hairy, branches four-sided, leaves ovate, oblong, serrated with
-margins, and petioles hairy; bractes petioled, ovate, cordate, ciliate,
-upper lip of the calyx round, cordate, and hairy, with corol twice its
-length. Its seed, Tookmi Rehan, H. of a mucilaginous nature.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A common plant, about a yard high or more; its leaves
-small and longish, and serrated at the edges. The Hindoos consider it
-as very sacred, and worship it. It is a species of sweet basil
-(<i>Raihan</i>); bitter, pungent, hot, cardiac, and stomachic. It
-increases bile and general heat, cures Juzam, difficulty in making
-water, affections of the liver and blood.</p>
-<p id="p311" class="par"><span class="parNum">311</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tumakoo</span>.&mdash;<i>Nicotiana Tabacum</i>, W. It is said in
-the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, that it was first sown in India during the
-reign of <i>Akber</i>, or in the year of the Hidjera 1014, when it was
-imported from Europe, and sown by his order; now it is every where
-common, and is generally smoked. In the opinion of Hukeem Alli
-Gheelanee, it is hot and dry; its smoke from its heating quality
-confuses the ideas, and reduces the strength; from its discutient
-property, it weakens the brain, and depresses the spirits. Those who
-are of a cold, moist temperament, may derive benefit from its use, but
-those who are of equal temperament cannot use it with impunity. It is
-useful in piles the consequence of cold, also in waterbrash, and
-complaints of this nature; it promotes digestion and dissipates
-flatulent pains. It increases the strength of vision when it is
-weakened by the effects of cold, but adds to it when it has been caused
-by heat. In difficulty of breathing or <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb61" href="#pb61" name="pb61">61</a>]</span>pain in the chest,
-proceeding from an accumulation of viscid phlegm, it is very useful. It
-is prejudicial in thin spare habits; it shuts all the passages,
-decreases the power of the absorbents, and consequently prevents the
-absorption of chyle, thereby weakening the system, and drying up and
-emaciating the body. It produces hectic fever in the aged, and many
-other disorders in which medicine is useless. Its corrector, according
-to the author of the Dara Shekoi, is milk; and he gives this wise
-reason for it, that cloth stained with the smoke of tabacco can only be
-cleaned with milk. It is used in many ways, chewed, snuffed, smoked,
-&amp;c. but is least prejudicial when smoked, after being mixed up with
-<i>goor</i> and preserves. I have by experience found it effectual in
-wind of the stomach, in pains produced by flatulence, and in the
-waterbrash; but have found it prejudicial to those labouring under
-depression of spirits, or who are subject to heartburns.</p>
-<p class="par">The dried plant brought from Surat is more drying than
-any other, and ought to be washed in rose-water or <i>Bedemushk</i>
-before use.</p>
-<p class="par">It is used by the Pytans as snuff: as a cephalic it
-strengthens the brain, and prevents the effects of indigestion on that
-organ, but it should not be used when people have weak eyes from heat.
-The author of the Ulfaz Udwiyeh says, that he had a friend who was
-blind, and that meeting him afterwards quite recovered, he was
-surprised to learn that his cure had been effected by his having smoked
-equal parts of tobacco and <i>Sumhaloo</i>; the women eat the Surat
-tobacco with <i>pawn</i>: and it increases digestion, and is
-discutient. It is beneficial in those temperaments which are cold and
-moist, and its juice is used for drying the vagina.</p>
-<p id="p312" class="par"><span class="parNum">312</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tamaal</span>.&mdash;The <i>Serroe</i> tree. A tree resembling the
-<i>Jhow</i>, but much larger; in its properties resembling the Saul. It
-cures swellings, general heat, and blister.</p>
-<p id="p313" class="par"><span class="parNum">313</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tym</span>.&mdash;A kind of fish, producing appetite and general
-strength.</p>
-<p id="p314" class="par"><span class="parNum">314</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tamaalputtur</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Teeridje</i>. Some have
-called it the leaf of the <i>Tamaal tree</i>, and named it
-<i>Serroe</i>, while others have said that it was the leaf of the
-Sandal tree. It is therefore uncertain what it is.</p>
-<p id="p315" class="par"><span class="parNum">315</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toon</span>.&mdash;A kind of reed; its seed like the <i>Benth</i>;
-its flowers are used as a dye by the dyers of India, and are of a
-yellow color; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb62" href="#pb62" name=
-"pb62">62</a>]</span>cool, dry, astringent, producing wind, curing
-eruptions from an overflow of bile, also other eruptions of the skin
-and Juzam. A. <i>Arheekun</i>, but the author of the Topha says, that
-<i>Arheekun</i> is a name of the <i>Isperuck</i>, and that it is not
-like the Toon.</p>
-<p id="p316" class="par"><span class="parNum">316</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toon</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cedrela Tuna</i>,&rdquo; W. See Sir
-W. Jones&rsquo;s description, vol. 4. As. R. page 273. Powder of the
-bark and extract used in the cure of fever.</p>
-<p id="p317" class="par"><span class="parNum">317</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tuntureek</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Tuttereek</i>, called also
-<i>Seem&aacute;k</i>.</p>
-<p id="p318" class="par"><span class="parNum">318</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tumbole</span>.&mdash;A designation for <i>Paan</i>, but what is
-properly called so is a preparation used at marriages, composed of
-<i>Paan</i> bruised and the juice expressed, mace, nutmeg, cloves, and
-cardamoms, all bruised and mixed with sugar, and allowed some time till
-it ferment. Its use causes exhiliration of spirits, slight
-intoxication, and strengthens the system. It removes wind, is cardiac,
-and promotes dryness; those of a hot and dry temperament will be
-injured by its use; it sweetens the breath, and is generally known by
-this name.</p>
-<p id="p319" class="par"><span class="parNum">319</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tunkaar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Impure Borate of Soda</i>,
-<i>Boras Sod&aelig;</i>.&rdquo; A name of <i>Borax</i>, called also
-<i>Zirkur</i>; it is of two kinds, one white, called <i>Curia</i>, the
-other named <i>Telia</i>. The proportion of both are the same; it is
-refrigerant and detergent; strong, hot, and useful in mucus and wind,
-cough, and asthma. It is burnt in the fire, pounded, and with equal
-parts of Aloes and a little treacle made into pills, and as many used
-daily as will agree with the stomach. These will remove pains in the
-stomach, internal parts, chronic cough, difficulty of breathing, or any
-complaint of that nature. It is recommended, that it be taken every day
-for at least 20 days, but if this cannot be done, it may be used at
-intervals for the above-mentioned complaints; this advice is given from
-the Echtyarat Casmi. The whole properties of this medicine are only
-known to Indian physicians, and from experience, I know it to be a
-powerful promoter of digestion if taken about an hour after meals with
-a little water only; it is called also <i>Tunkunka&aacute;r</i>.</p>
-<p id="p320" class="par"><span class="parNum">320</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tawakeer</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, useful in
-gonorrh&oelig;a and dysuria ardens. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb63"
-href="#pb63" name="pb63">63</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p321" class="par"><span class="parNum">321</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tombrir</span>, also <i>Tombie</i>.&mdash;A bitter cuddoo. There
-is a kind of this in which the seed is not bitter; it is heavy, though
-some call it light; it is aphrodisiac; cures disorders of mucus and
-bile.</p>
-<p class="par">The one in which the seed is bitter, is cool, cardiac,
-and an antidote to poisons; useful in cough and bile. If the seed be
-taken when the moon is in the wane, bruised, and for 21 days, steeped
-in the juice of ginger, its oil extracted and preserved in a bottle, it
-will be found that this oil, when a year old, rubbed over the body in
-weakly habits will renovate strength, and it is also said that it will
-consolidate mercury.</p>
-<p id="p322" class="par"><span class="parNum">322</span> <span class=
-"sc">Turai</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cucumis Acutangulus</i>, Roxb.
-<i>Hibiscus Esculentus</i>?&rdquo; A common vegetable, bitter and dry,
-light and suppurating; beneficial in swellings, marasmus, dropsy,
-affection of the spleen, Juzam, piles, mucous disorders, and bile.
-Another kind is called <i>Geea</i>, and is very mucilaginous and cool,
-but increases mucous disorders. A third kind is named <i>Arra</i>, and
-is aperient and useful in bilious disorders.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Turai</i> is a very common culinary vegetable of
-India, and the people sow it in their houses; its flower is very
-beautiful, of a yellow color, and the fruit is extremely mucilaginous.
-If it is sown at the root of a tree or wall, it will climb for support;
-its leaves resemble the vine, its fruit is about 2 or 3 inches long,
-and about the thickness of the thumb or even thicker; the second and
-third kinds are larger and thicker than the first, but the latter is
-the best, and those are to be chosen which are thin, small, and soft.
-It is in my opinion cool, moist, and aperient; beneficial in hot
-temperaments and weakness of the stomach; those of a dry temperament
-will find it particularly beneficial; it is a proper food for those
-labouring under fever. The 2nd kind is the most mucilaginous; the 3rd
-less so than the 1st.</p>
-<p id="p323" class="par"><span class="parNum">323</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toour</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Arhur</i>. &ldquo;<i>Cytisus
-Cajan.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p324" class="par"><span class="parNum">324</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tooiekam</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Rattan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p325" class="par"><span class="parNum">325</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toodun</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kakroo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p326" class="par"><span class="parNum">326</span> <span class=
-"sc">Toott</span>.&mdash;A common tree, of the middling size; its
-leaves are a little oval, very soft and easily squeezed; its fruit is
-half an inch long or more, both white and black, the best without
-seeds, and much less than the rest. It is sweet and easy of digestion,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb64" href="#pb64" name=
-"pb64">64</a>]</span>strengthens the system and kidnies; is
-aphrodisiac, increases blood, remedies costiveness; is hot and dry.
-Those without seed, more efficient than any other. I have written what
-I have experienced of its effect, but much more is said of its
-properties in Yunani publications. Its bruised leaves with salt said to
-be suppurative and discutient.</p>
-<p id="p327" class="par"><span class="parNum">327</span> <span class=
-"sc">Thour</span>.&mdash;<i>Euphorbia Neriifolia</i>, Roxb. called also
-<i>Th&uacute;r</i>. A kind of <i>Zekoom</i>, (thorny tree,) some call
-it <i>Synhud</i>, others describe it as resembling the <i>Zekoom</i>,
-and that its fruit is like the <i>Hurrhee</i>, but the
-<i>Th&oacute;or</i> and <i>Synhud</i> do not bear fruit. The milk of
-the plant blisters the skin; its expressed oil is aphrodisiac, and
-possesses other properties. A cloth wet with the milk, is used as an
-aphrodisiac, and the particular manner will be found in the Ilajulumrar
-and the Ijal&eacute;n&aacute;pheh.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus mentioned:
-Thew&eacute;r. In the opinion of the people of India, it removes
-costiveness, cures affections of the spleen and spasms of the stomach,
-and evacuates the bowels and <i>Fetuek</i>; if its leaves are boiled in
-water or <i>Dhaie</i> with a little salt, strained and drank with a
-little cow&rsquo;s ghee, it will cure all disorders of wind and
-vitiated bile, and relax the bowels. The milk of the Thewer is procured
-as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">Pierce the plant close to the root, and fill the wound
-during a night with asaf&oelig;tida, in the morning remove the gum, and
-attach a vessel to receive the exuding milk, and should the juice be
-required very thin, a little salt may be added to the
-asaf&oelig;tida.</p>
-<p id="p328" class="par"><span class="parNum">328</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tendhoo</span>, called also
-<i>Tendook</i>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Diospyros Ebenum</i>,&rdquo; another
-kind is called <i>Bychtendook</i>. A tree of India, of a large size;
-its fruit like the <i>Anula</i>, but smaller. The first kind cures
-boils, eruption and disorders of wind. When the tree becomes aged, it
-produces the ebony, which is the centre; it cures bilious disorders;
-its unripe fruit is cool, astringent and increases wind. When ripe it
-is heavy, beneficial in bilious complaints, disorders of the blood, and
-seminal weakness; The second kind is nearly similar in its properties;
-but is more cooling, light, and astringent.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">329</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tejotee</span>.&mdash;Bitter, pungent, hot, stomachic, useful in
-disorders of mucus, wind, dysuria, cough, and convulsions. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb65" href="#pb65" name="pb65">65</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p330" class="par"><span class="parNum">330</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teetur</span>.&mdash;The <i>Partridge</i>, &ldquo;<i>Perdix
-Francolinus</i>.&rdquo; Its flesh increases the color of the skin,
-renders the bowels costive; is stomachic, useful in hiccup, and
-disorders of the three principal secretions; beneficial in difficulty
-of breathing, cough, and dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p331" class="par"><span class="parNum">331</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tendooa</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The <i>Leopard</i>, <i>Felis
-Leopardus</i>.&rdquo; Some say the Indian name for this is
-<i>Nimonur</i>. The people of India call it a species of tiger, but it
-is smaller; it is also named <i>Tendoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p332" class="par"><span class="parNum">332</span> <span class=
-"sc">Telkirur</span> or <i>Telk&uacute;r</i>.&mdash;The oil of the
-<i>Kojora</i>; it is bitter, pungent, hot, beneficial in affections
-from wind, strengthens the system, diminishes the eye-sight, increases
-the three principal secretions, and produces heart-burn.</p>
-<p id="p333" class="par"><span class="parNum">333</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tesoo</span>.&mdash;The flower of the <i>Palass</i>.</p>
-<p id="p334" class="par"><span class="parNum">334</span> <span class=
-"sc">Tezpat</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Patrudje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p335" class="par"><span class="parNum">335</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teerun</span>.&mdash;Cool, bitter, useful in wounds, and improves
-the complexion.</p>
-<p id="p336" class="par"><span class="parNum">336</span> <span class=
-"sc">Terbile</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e5528" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A medicine of India.</p>
-<p id="p337" class="par"><span class="parNum">337</span> <span class=
-"sc">Teetee</span>.&mdash;The name of the fruit <i>Karele</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e5542" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">JEEM</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p338" class="par first"><span class="parNum">338</span>
-<span class="sc">Jamin</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Eugenia
-Jambolana.</i>&rdquo; One of the largest of trees; its leaves about 3
-inches long and half an inch broad, of an oval shape. The fruit is
-round and of three kinds, the <i>Deeriaie</i>, the <i>Bhagaie</i>, and
-<i>Sehraie</i>. Of the <i>Bhagaie</i>, there are two kinds, the largest
-called <i>Churputtra</i> and the common <i>Jamun</i>. The common name
-of the <i>Deeriaie</i> is <i>Nadeye</i>. All kinds are dry and
-astringent; cures disorders of mucus, bile, blood, and boils and
-eruptions, but when the fruit is large it is sweet, and difficult of
-digestion; it cures swellings in the body. Some have called the <i>Ray
-Jamun</i> hot. The <i>Sehraie</i> is strengthening, and increases
-semen. There is a kind of <i>Jamun</i> grown in Delhi, that is without
-stones, and very sweet; in my opinion this is the best of all, and next
-to it must rank the <i>Ray Jamun</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">That fruit which is found in the latter end of the rains
-is called <i>Bhadeya</i>, and is also sweet. In my opinion it is cool
-and moist, and stomachic, but the one without the stone, named
-<i>B&egrave;d&aacute;na</i>, is more so than the other kinds.</p>
-<p class="par">The juice of the fruit is to be preferred as a
-stomachic, and is more grateful to the taste. It is best prepared by
-being sprinkled <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb66" href="#pb66" name=
-"pb66">66</a>]</span>with salt, and shaken in a dish, which deprives it
-of its great astringency and corrects its hurtful qualities.</p>
-<p class="par">There is a kind of jamun of the color of dry grass, of a
-yellowish white color, smaller than those described, of a pleasant
-smell. Nawab Assoph-ul-Dowlah at Lucknow, taking into consideration its
-scarcity, brought it from the eastward, and sowed it in his gardens. It
-is the now common <i>goolaub jamun</i>, and smells of roses; there is
-also a kind of jamun at Lucknow called <i>Phalenda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p339" class="par"><span class="parNum">339</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jatie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chumbelie</i>,
-&ldquo;<i>Jasminum Grandiflorum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p340" class="par"><span class="parNum">340</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chaab</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the <i>Guj peepul</i>, cures
-hemorrhoids, and resembles <i>peepulamool</i> in its properties.</p>
-<p id="p341" class="par"><span class="parNum">341</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaie Puttrie</span>.&mdash;Hot, light, vermifuge, cures mucous
-disorders, and is an antidote to poisons. It is a name for Bisbass.</p>
-<p id="p342" class="par"><span class="parNum">342</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chakussoo</span>.&mdash;A <i>Jeshmoridj</i>. If 21 grains of this
-be bruized and moistened with filings of Sandal-wood in water, in a new
-earthern vessel, and drank in the morning, it will be found very
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e5656" title=
-"Source: effetcual">effectual</span> in Dysuria ardens.</p>
-<p id="p343" class="par"><span class="parNum">343</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaiphill</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nutmeg, <i>Myristica Aromatica</i>,
-<i>Myristica Moschata</i>.&rdquo; Hot, light, stomachic, clears the
-throat, cures mucous disorders, and allays vomiting; is vermifuge,
-remedies any irregularity in the sense of smelling and cough.</p>
-<p id="p344" class="par"><span class="parNum">344</span> <span class=
-"sc">Charai</span>, or <i>Charwolie</i>; both names of
-<i>Cherownjee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p345" class="par"><span class="parNum">345</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaal</span>.&mdash;A kind of fish.</p>
-<p id="p346" class="par"><span class="parNum">346</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jaiey</span>.&mdash;<i>Jasminum Grandiflorum?</i> A sweet smelling
-flower, bitter and cool, useful in eruptions of the mouth from heat, in
-disordered eye sight, and affections of the uterus, also in wounds and
-ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p347" class="par"><span class="parNum">347</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chakoth</span>.&mdash;A culinary vegetable, sweet and saltish,
-useful in affections of wind, mucus, bile; fever, and piles. It also
-remedies costiveness, improves the taste of the mouth, and clears the
-olfactory nerves.</p>
-<p id="p348" class="par"><span class="parNum">348</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chalkurie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Foo</i> or
-<i>Mujeeth</i>.</p>
-<p id="p349" class="par"><span class="parNum">349</span> <span class=
-"sc">Changerie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Umulchhangerie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p350" class="par"><span class="parNum">350</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheebook</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Khurnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p351" class="par"><span class="parNum">351</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chitchera</span> or <i>Chichira</i>, also <i>Chirchira</i>. P.
-<i>Khasmar</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb67" href="#pb67" name=
-"pb67">67</a>]</span>&ldquo;<i>Achyranthus aspera.</i>&rdquo; Pungent
-and laxative, increases appetite, cures disorders of wind and mucus,
-<i>daad</i>, <i>seulie</i>, piles, itch, (both dry and moist,)
-itchiness in the bowels, dropsy, boils, and other eruptions. Another
-kind is red; both are dry and astringent. The seed is beneficial in
-those eruptions, the consequence of vitiated bile. The red flowers are
-very common, the white are more scarce; if the white flower be
-preserved about the person, it will render one invulnerable. In
-disorders of the blood, the root bruised in water and taken is useful,
-mixed with dhaie and sugar, it is of use in Menhorragia cruenta. The
-stem of the plant used as a tooth-brush is excellent in disorders of
-the teeth, and sweetens the breath. The juice of its leaves squeezed
-into the eye improves eye-sight. The seeds and leaves pounded and drank
-in a seer of milk is a powerful emetic, or if they be taken to the
-quantity of four tolahs daily for 21 days in congee, they will cure
-bleeding, piles, and bruised and applied externally, will act as
-styptics. The white flowers<a id="xd24e5771" name="xd24e5771"></a> kept
-on the person, will prevent you from being stung by a scorpion, or will
-remove the pain when externally applied.</p>
-<p id="p352" class="par"><span class="parNum">352</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chetuck</span>.&mdash;A name given to birds that inhabit wild
-places, (those more tame are called <i>Chiria</i>,) they are sweet to
-the taste; cold and moist. Aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders called
-<i>Sunpat</i>, and increase phlegm. Tame fowl is hot and dry, also
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p353" class="par"><span class="parNum">353</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jutamassie</span>.&mdash;Bitter and cold, clears the skin, useful
-in mucous disorders or diffusion of bile in the blood, in affections of
-the throat, and is an antidote to poisons. &ldquo;Spikenard, Valeriana
-<i>Jatamansi</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p354" class="par"><span class="parNum">354</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chuttra</span>.&mdash;During digestion it is hot, and produces a
-burning sensation, curative in itch and flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p355" class="par"><span class="parNum">355</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chuttur Phill</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Syneed</i>, a kind of
-<i>Khoreacera</i>.</p>
-<p id="p356" class="par"><span class="parNum">356</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chichinda</span>, also <i>Chunchilund</i>, &ldquo;<i>Beta
-Vulgaris</i>.&rdquo; The root of a culinary vegetable of India. It is
-of a long tapering shape like the carrot, and is in general use. I have
-experienced it to be of use in dry emaciation, and that it is sweet and
-stomachic, light and beneficial in superabundance of bile, increases
-appetite, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb68" href="#pb68" name=
-"pb68">68</a>]</span>and removes viscid mucus and bile. The root is
-laxative. Another kind is bitter, hot, and moist, decreases bile, mucus
-and heat, and cures all disorders of the blood.</p>
-<p id="p357" class="par"><span class="parNum">357</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chachoondur</span>, also called <i>Chulde</i>. &ldquo;<i>Sorex
-Cerulescens</i>, Shaw.&rdquo; &ldquo;<i>Sorex Ceruleus</i>,
-Turton.&rdquo; <i>The Musk-rat.</i> P. <i>Kormoosh</i>. If its meat is
-applied to the ulcer at the back of the neck called Khoonadeer, it will
-be found very effectual. If its brain be dissolved in oil and applied
-as a friction to the spots of white leprosy, and other discolorations
-of the skin, it will remove them. If the scrotum is tied up and
-preserved about the person as a charm, it will increase and lengthen
-the continuance of aphrodisia.</p>
-<p id="p358" class="par"><span class="parNum">358</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirchirra</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chitchira</i>.</p>
-<p id="p359" class="par"><span class="parNum">359</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirpoota</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, cool and dry, and
-aperient; cures difficulty of breathing and cough.</p>
-<p id="p360" class="par"><span class="parNum">360</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chiria</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Roonjisk</i>, called also
-<i>Chituck</i>.</p>
-<p id="p361" class="par"><span class="parNum">361</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirownjee</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The nut of the <i>Chironjia
-Sapida</i>.&rdquo; A round or oval seed like the <i>peepul</i>, of a
-dark-brown colour. The tree is of the milky kind, the leaves white, or
-of an earthy color, an oil is expressed from its kernel. A.
-<i>Hubboossum&rsquo;na</i>. P. <i>Nookul Khaja</i>. It is sweet and
-oleaginous, heavy and luxative, beneficial in bilious and mucous
-disorders, in foulness of the blood, heat of the body, and bruises, and
-it increases wind.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also written that <i>Chirownjie</i> is the kernel
-of the stone of a fruit, of the appearance and taste of the
-<i>phalsa</i>, and that it is dried and carried hence to various
-countries. It is very common in Bundelcund, it ripens in the
-commencement of the hot weather, and the capsule is said to be
-separated from the kernel in a hand-mill. The tree is large: the nuts
-are strung on thread and used by the natives as necklaces, and they are
-roasted and eaten as food.</p>
-<p id="p362" class="par"><span class="parNum">362</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherayta</span>, called also <i>Punsaal</i>. &ldquo;<i>Gentiana
-Chirayata</i>, Roxb. Sp. Ch. Herbaceous, leaves stem-clasping,
-lanceolate, 3&ndash;5-nerved, corol rotate, four cleft, smooth stamens,
-four, capsule ovate, bifurcate, as long as the calyx.&rdquo; It is
-bitter, cool, and dry, light, and producing wind, beneficial in cough,
-general heat, and fever. A. <i>Rusbuzz&egrave;reera</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb69" href="#pb69" name="pb69">69</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p363" class="par"><span class="parNum">363</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jest</span> in P. <i>Roo Tootia</i>. It is hot and light, and
-during digestion cool and heavy; facilitates the fusion of metals.</p>
-<p id="p364" class="par"><span class="parNum">364</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chesteymud</span>, called also <i>Chestee</i>, also
-<i>Chitenmud</i>. &ldquo;<i>Glycyrrhira Glabra</i>. W. <i>Glycine
-Abrus</i>, Linn.&rdquo; in Arabic
-<i>Ass&oacute;oloos&rsquo;oos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p365" class="par"><span class="parNum">365</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukunder</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Saluk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p366" class="par"><span class="parNum">366</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chikara</span>.&mdash;A kind of deer; its tail is black, and its
-meat sweet, cool, light, and astringent, stomachic, cardiac, and
-beneficial in disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p367" class="par"><span class="parNum">367</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukora</span>. In P. <i>Rubk</i>. &ldquo;A variety of <i>Titroo
-Rufus</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p368" class="par"><span class="parNum">368</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukua Chukui</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Anas Casarea.</i>&rdquo; The
-<i>Braminee Duck</i>. Its flesh is sweet, cool, moist, and heavy,
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e6006" title=
-"Source: strenghtens">strengthens</span> the system, restrains the flow
-of urine and f&aelig;ces, cures affections of wind, bile, and blood. In
-P. it is named <i>Soorkhab</i> and <i>Chukawuck</i>, A.
-<i>Kumb&eacute;era</i>.</p>
-<p id="p369" class="par"><span class="parNum">369</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukeerka</span>.&mdash;The white kind of the seed, called
-<i>Soorkh</i>, a common seed, used as a weight; properties the
-same.</p>
-<p id="p370" class="par"><span class="parNum">370</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ch&oelig;kurk</span>.&mdash;A name of the grain
-<i>Koolthie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p371" class="par"><span class="parNum">371</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukond</span>.&mdash;A name of the <i>Penwar</i> or
-<i>Chukwand</i>.</p>
-<p id="p372" class="par"><span class="parNum">372</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukotrah</span>.&mdash;A fruit of Hindost&rsquo;han; its tree
-like the <i>Rutael</i>, with double leaves, the under one very small.
-It is very easily engrafted on the Rutael tree. The fruit is green and
-round; its capsule granulated; its green color is that of a small
-melon; inside it is red; the divisions very small. It is sweet, acid,
-and bitter, and is ate with salt or sugar. It is cool in its
-properties, allays thirst from bile, creates appetite. In no book of
-Hindost&rsquo;han have I been able to find any account of it.
-&ldquo;<i>Citrus Decumanus.</i> The <i>Pumalo</i>, <i>Batabi
-Neemboo</i>, <i>Pumpleuoes</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p373" class="par"><span class="parNum">373</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jooqunoo</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Lampyris.</i>&rdquo; The fire
-fly. P. <i>Kermukshub Cherag</i>. A. <i>Hubahub</i>. It shines in the
-night during the rains.</p>
-<p id="p374" class="par"><span class="parNum">374</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chukadana</span>.&mdash;The name of a seed of an earthy color;
-hard, and having a small kernel; it is like the
-<i>Hub&egrave;bulsa</i>, but is somewhat larger; the latter besides is
-pointed at both ends, whereas this is not. The women of Delhi give this
-in purges for children.</p>
-<p id="p375" class="par"><span class="parNum">375</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jillpeelbuka</span>, also called <i>Jill peepul</i>, or
-<i>Phylphilabi</i>. It is cool and dry, and astringent; cardiac and
-aphrodisiac, strengthens the eyes, cures disorders of blood, heat in
-the chest<span class="corr" id="xd24e6114" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb70" href=
-"#pb70" name="pb70">70</a>]</span>boils and inveterate eruptions;
-another kind of it is red, dry, beneficial in affections of wind,
-mucus, and is astringent. Its fruit is beneficial in eruption from
-vitiated bile. Red flowers very common.</p>
-<p id="p376" class="par"><span class="parNum">376</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chellwuk</span>.&mdash;A large tree of India. Its fresh leaves are
-used as an application to inflamatory <i>Daad</i>, or other watery
-eruptions, as well as the common <i>Daad</i>. This I have found from
-experience. <i>Sybr</i> is first applied to produce some inflammation,
-and then this application is made use of. A patient of mine was long
-annoyed with <i>Daad</i> in both his shoulders, for the cure of which
-he had tried many remedies. I recommended this, he took a quantity of
-the leaves, bruised them, and applied them over the parts, but from the
-great heat and irritation they produced, he quickly removed them; he
-then applied the Mooltance earth, to remove the irritation, this so far
-succeeded, but the part rose in blisters, the water from the blisters
-being discharged, the complaint was found relieved, when the parts were
-well, he again applied the leaves, this destroyed the disease, and left
-the place all black. The skin soon re-assumed its wonted color, and the
-disease was perfectly cured. From the above circumstance, I am led to
-conclude, that the application is a very powerful one, and acts as a
-blister. If they are applied to parts which have been deprived of
-sensation, it will be equally effectual as <i>Sutoobria</i>.</p>
-<p id="p377" class="par"><span class="parNum">377</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheylchish</span>.&mdash;A very hurtful kind of fish, which
-increases disorders of the three principal secretions.</p>
-<p id="p378" class="par"><span class="parNum">378</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chillie</span>.&mdash;A kind of culinary greens, from the common
-vegetable called <i>cheel</i>; cool, dry, light, aperient; promotes
-appetite, increases knowledge, strengthens the system, cures disorders
-of the spleen, blood, and the three secretions, and is vermifuge. One
-kind named <i>Kutf</i>, also <i>Buthua</i>.</p>
-<p id="p379" class="par"><span class="parNum">379</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Benth</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>ratan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p380" class="par"><span class="parNum">380</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Butees</span>.&mdash;Cool, astringent, producing
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p381" class="par"><span class="parNum">381</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jill Neeb</span>.&mdash;A small plant; its branches minute; also
-its leaves like the <i>Loonia saag</i>; it creeps on the ground, and is
-to be found near rivers. It is very bitter, and from its constant
-vicinity to water has obtained its name. It is purgative, powerfully
-so, in the quantity of 6 mashas. In herpetic eruptions and <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb71" href="#pb71" name="pb71">71</a>]</span>Lues
-venerea it is very beneficial, but it can only be given with safety to
-those who are not in a weak state.</p>
-<p id="p382" class="par"><span class="parNum">382</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumgader</span>.&mdash;The <i>Bat</i>. A. <i>Khuffash</i>. Its
-blood rubbed on the feet is aphrodisiac. Its properties are
-particularly described in the Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p383" class="par"><span class="parNum">383</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e6216" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Jamalgotay">Jamalgota</span></span>.&mdash;Vide
-<i>Datoon</i>. &ldquo;<i>Croton Tiglium.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p384" class="par"><span class="parNum">384</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumbeley</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum
-Grandiflorum.</i>&rdquo; A white flower, of a strong, sweet smell, one
-kind is yellow, and named <i>Soorunjati</i>: alike in their properties,
-both are hot and light, useful in head-aches, pains in the eyes, and
-teeth, in boils, eruptions and foulness of the blood.</p>
-<p class="par">A decoction of its leaves in water will cure tooth-ache;
-the mouth being repeatedly washed with it. The juice of the root taken
-with milk will remove suppression of urine, and many have made the
-experiment with success.</p>
-<p id="p385" class="par"><span class="parNum">385</span> <span class=
-"sc">Champa</span> or <i>Chumpuk</i>, &ldquo;<i>Michelia
-Champaca.</i>&rdquo; A flower of India, of a pyramidal shape, its color
-is a light or whitish yellow, very beautiful, and as such is often
-quoted as the perfection of color.</p>
-<p class="par">In this part of the country, it is very common; it cures
-difficulty in voiding urine, disorders of mucus, blood, and nausea. It
-is pungently bitter and cool; useful in injuries of the nose, and in
-general heat. One kind is called Paak Chumpa, hot and pungent, creates
-appetite, improves eye-sight, diminishes mucus, and cures bruises. The
-smell is cardiac and stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p386" class="par"><span class="parNum">386</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chermb&aelig;rie</span>.&mdash;An acid fruit of India; beneficial
-in itchiness of stomach, disorders of mucus and wind, depraved taste,
-pains of the chest, loss of <span class="corr" id="xd24e6263" title=
-"Source: appetie">appetite</span>, and worms. Its acid removes the
-effects of intoxication; it is cool in its properties. The sweet kind
-is bitter, and a little heating.</p>
-<p id="p387" class="par"><span class="parNum">387</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junthmook</span>.&mdash;In taste it is sweet, and is like the
-<i>Saalie</i>, (a kind of rice;) in its effects, but the best of all
-kinds of rice is the <i>Christn daan</i>, and that which has been sown
-in a soil manured by ashes, is the lightest and best in curing mucous
-disorders. The rice produced in the common manner is heavy, useful in
-disorders of bile and wind, and frequent change of soil, or the plant
-removed or transplanted to another soil is the best. It is diuretic and
-generally beneficial. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb72" href="#pb72"
-name="pb72">72</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p388" class="par"><span class="parNum">388</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jungliechuha</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Runfeer</i>. Its flesh is useful
-in cough, difficulty of breathing, foulness of blood; is dry and
-beneficial in all the three secretions. The meat of the female is to be
-preferred to that of the male.</p>
-<p id="p389" class="par"><span class="parNum">389</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chumbuck</span>.&mdash;Cool and decreases corpulency; is an
-antidote to poison. A. <i>Hyzr Mukunatees</i>.</p>
-<p id="p390" class="par"><span class="parNum">390</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundurkanth</span>.&mdash;Its taste is sweet and astringent; it
-is cool and aperient, strengthens the eyes, reduces corpulency, cures
-boils and eruptions, and is an antidote to poison. A. <i>Hyzrool
-Kummur</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e6309" title=
-"Not in source">.</span></p>
-<p id="p391" class="par"><span class="parNum">391</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundsoor</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Haloo</i>. &ldquo;<i>Lepedium
-Sativum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p392" class="par"><span class="parNum">392</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundun</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Santalum Album</i>, W. or
-<i>Sirium myrtifolium</i>.&rdquo; P. <i>Sandal Suffed</i>. A little
-bitter; cool, dry, and light; is cardiac and exhilirates the spirits;
-is tonic; an antidote to poisons; useful in disorders of mucus, bile,
-and blood, allays thirst, heat in the chest, clears the complexion. Its
-real name is Ujelah. Chundun, and Rukut Chundun is the name for red
-Sandal.</p>
-<p id="p393" class="par"><span class="parNum">393</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundunsarba</span>.&mdash;A name for white <i>Kalesur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p394" class="par"><span class="parNum">394</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junth</span>.&mdash;The name of a large tree, like the
-<i>peepul</i>; its leaves like those of the tamarind; it is prickly,
-and its bark white.</p>
-<p id="p395" class="par"><span class="parNum">395</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jawansa</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Khar Shooter</i>. It is sweet and
-bitter, cool, light, and aperient, cures bilious disorders and those of
-the blood. Also vertigo. <i>Hedysarum Alhagi.</i></p>
-<p id="p396" class="par"><span class="parNum">396</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choke</span>.&mdash;Bitter, soft, and emetic, useful in foulness
-of the blood, mucus, poisons, worms, flatulence, itch and Juzam.
-&ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrubad.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Choke</i> is a medicine of India, it is a
-black juice, very acid, soft, cool, and dry, increasing appetite,
-promoting digestion, stomachic and astringent, lessens the secretion of
-bile, and injuries <span class="corr" id="xd24e6390" title=
-"Not in source">of</span> the tendons. Its corrector is sugar; its
-succedaneum Bejowra, dose &frac12; to 1 direm.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p397" class="par"><span class="parNum">397</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chowlai</span> or <i>Chowrai</i>, &ldquo;<i>Amaranthus
-Polygamus</i>.&rdquo; One kind of it called also <i>gunder</i>; a kind
-of culinary greens, used by the people of India; cool and dry, useful
-in bilious disorders, mucus, and blood, and is diuretic and aperient.
-It is stomachic, promotes digestion, and cures eruptions from vitiated
-bile. Another kind of it is named <i>mursai</i>; cool, heavy, and
-aperient; useful <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb73" href="#pb73" name=
-"pb73">73</a>]</span>in seminal weakness, and disorders of the three
-secretions. A. <i>Bokul&aelig; Yemania</i>.</p>
-<p id="p398" class="par"><span class="parNum">398</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juhi</span>.&mdash;A small white flower, also a yellow kind. In
-the <i>Dhunteri</i>, it is said there are three kinds of it, a white,
-yellow, and purple. It has a sweet smell, and some have called it a
-species of jessamine. In Delhi it obtains the name of Jahee Juhi, but
-these two words are, properly speaking, distinct names for different
-flowers, and the author of the <i>Echtyar Casmi</i> has described them
-separately. It is cool and beneficial in affections of the eyes, and
-increases wind and mucus. &ldquo;<i>Jasminum
-Auriculatum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p399" class="par"><span class="parNum">399</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juwar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Holcus sorghum.</i>&rdquo; A.
-<i>Zoorra</i>. A grain; sweet to the taste, cool and producing wind,
-useful in mucous disorders and bile, and in my opinion is difficult of
-digestion. It is aphrodisiac, and if eaten to excess, produces
-flatulent pains in the bowels. One kind is named Mukaiy, and possesses
-the same properties.</p>
-<p id="p400" class="par"><span class="parNum">400</span> <span class=
-"sc">Joonk</span>.&mdash;A name for an Indian plant, about a yard high,
-more or less; its leaves are small, and its seed about half an inch in
-length, resembling a leech; sweet, cool, heavy, and useful in
-gonorrh&oelig;a, cures wind, bile, and phlegm. Its leaves are very
-mucilaginous, and the children of India play with the pods, sticking
-them to their bodies like leeches. It grows in the rains, and usually
-in uncultivated places.</p>
-<p id="p401" class="par"><span class="parNum">401</span> <span class=
-"sc">Juhan</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e6460" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A kind of anise seed, commonly called
-<i>Adjwain Kermanie</i>. I have described its properties under the head
-<i>Adjwain</i>.</p>
-<p id="p402" class="par"><span class="parNum">402</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jawakhar</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Nuttroon</i>; pungent, hot,
-and aperient; useful in affections of wind, mucus, dropsy, pains in the
-bowels, dysuria, and is lithontriptic. In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>,
-it is written, that it is hot and dry, diuretic and aperient, useful in
-disorders of mucus, wind, dropsy, pains in the bowels; is
-lithontriptic, and beneficial in the spleen and indolent tumors.</p>
-<p id="p403" class="par"><span class="parNum">403</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chouch</span>.&mdash;A large and small kind; pungent and hot;
-astringent and sweet; inducing costiveness; stomachic; beneficial in
-cholicks, inflammatory pains in the spleen, and other pains in the
-bowels. It is a favorite ingredient in many formul&aelig;. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb74" href="#pb74" name="pb74">74</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p404" class="par"><span class="parNum">404</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chehtaon</span>.&mdash;A tree of India; aperient, and useful in
-disorders of mucus and wind; also in Juzam, boils, and eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p405" class="par"><span class="parNum">405</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jholputtur</span>.&mdash;A kind <i>Asheer</i>; cool, light, and
-cardiac; cures disorders of mucus and bile, and diminishes the volume
-of blood.</p>
-<p id="p406" class="par"><span class="parNum">406</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherakakoli</span> or <i>Chershookla</i>; also <i>Chermudera</i>;
-sweet, cool, heavy, aphrodisiac, and useful in disorders of blood,
-bile, heart-burn, dryness of the mouth, thirst, fever, emaciation and
-dropsy.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Dhunteri</i>, it is also said to promote
-digestion, and to be pleasant in flavor, and agreeable in its effects;
-to cure suppression of urine and pains in the chest. It also is used as
-a cephalic. It is said to cure affections of mucus, Juzam and worms,
-and to cause an increase of bile; it is commonly known by the name of
-<i>Nuckchickenie</i>. Vide N.</p>
-<p id="p407" class="par"><span class="parNum">407</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choonderdhan</span> or <i>Jowdhan</i>.&mdash;A kind of rice,
-called also <i>Rukitsaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p408" class="par"><span class="parNum">408</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherie</span>.&mdash;The goat; its flesh is moist and heavy, but
-easy of digestion; useful in disorders of the three secretions;
-produces no heat at stomach, increases semen, and renders the sense of
-smelling more acute: it is also called <i>Bukeri</i>. A.
-<i>Mehyr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p409" class="par"><span class="parNum">409</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeengha</span>.&mdash;A kind of shell-fish; hot and dry; those
-newly taken are to be preferred; they are aphrodisiac, aperient, and
-grateful to the taste. This may generally be true, but bad effects have
-followed their use, and that which is salted is melanagogue, or
-produces black bile; the corrector is oil of almonds. P. <i>Muluch
-Diriae</i>, A. <i>Jeradool Bahr</i>. Some have said that the
-<i>Robean</i> is the same fish.</p>
-<p id="p410" class="par"><span class="parNum">410</span> <span class=
-"sc">Junkar</span>.&mdash;A name for the deer <i>Barasingha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p411" class="par"><span class="parNum">411</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jojakhar</span>.&mdash;A name for nitre.</p>
-<p id="p412" class="par"><span class="parNum">412</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chohara</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The date. <i>Ph&oelig;nix
-Dactylifera.</i>&rdquo; P. called <i>Kho&oacute;rma sunshekun</i>;
-aphrodisiac; it is ate with milk. If the <i>Ch&oacute;hara</i> is
-bruised, and with salep and sugar boiled in milk, till nearly half the
-milk shall be evaporated, then drank, it will be found useful as an
-aphrodisiac, increasing the bulk of the solids, and if it digests
-easily, it will be found peculiarly useful. If roasted and eat with
-opium, it becomes astringent. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb75" href=
-"#pb75" name="pb75">75</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p413" class="par"><span class="parNum">413</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chirr</span>, and another kind, which is black; both are cold, and
-useful in disorders of all the secretions, heat of the body, and Juzam.
-P. <i>Soombulutteeb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p414" class="par"><span class="parNum">414</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chereela</span>.&mdash;In its properties it resembles
-<i>S&egrave;le&egrave;chih</i>, (Cassia Lignea.) P. <i>Ooshna</i>.</p>
-<p id="p415" class="par"><span class="parNum">415</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jhow</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Turfa</i>. If bruised and mixed
-with vinegar it suppurates indolent swellings, and also scirrhous
-swellings of the spleen.</p>
-<p id="p416" class="par"><span class="parNum">416</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cherkund</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Beedareekund</i>, which is
-white.</p>
-<p id="p417" class="par"><span class="parNum">417</span> <span class=
-"sc">Chundurseha</span>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Mudukp&uacute;rnie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p418" class="par"><span class="parNum">418</span> <span class=
-"sc">Choocheroo</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>S&iacute;rphonka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p419" class="par"><span class="parNum">419</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jhirberie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jujube.</i>&rdquo; A name for
-wild <i>Baer</i>; is acid, cool, useful in bile, cardiac, and
-astringent: if dried and pounded, it is called <i>B&uacute;rchun</i>;
-this possesses all its properties, but is more astringent.</p>
-<p id="p420" class="par"><span class="parNum">420</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jyaphupp</span>.&mdash;Another kind of it is
-<i>Tersindiapurni</i>; its seed is made into beads. It is also called
-<i>Surupjea</i>; it is astringent, strengthens the hair of the head,
-and darkens its color.</p>
-<p id="p421" class="par"><span class="parNum">421</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheehur&aelig;</span>.&mdash;A tree of India; there is another
-kind called <i>Choobnuz</i>, and a third kind <i>S&aacute;toona</i>.
-Its wood smells strong and rancid; it is hot and dry in the 3rd degree;
-it is very oleaginous and greasy. If its juice be expelled by heat and
-collected, it is excellent as an application in paralysis, and it also
-cleanses large foul ulcers. Its milk is pungent and heating, and it is
-an active poison, hot and dry in the 4th degree; applied to the skin,
-it blisters; it is used in swellings from cold. Its wood is used
-internally in loss of voluntary motion or insensibility and epilepsy,
-and it is said to be lithontriptic. It injures the lungs, and its
-corrector is oil of almonds and gum. The dose is 3 mashas.</p>
-<p id="p422" class="par"><span class="parNum">422</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewuk</span>.&mdash;Cool and aphrodisiac; increases semen and
-mucus; cures disorders of bile, wind, heart-burn, emaciation, and
-hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p423" class="par"><span class="parNum">423</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheenuk</span>.&mdash;A tree of Hindostan; hot; useful in boils
-and eruptions, affections of the heart and disorders of wind; it is
-astringent.</p>
-<p id="p424" class="par"><span class="parNum">424</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewuntie</span> or <i>Je&eacute;w&uacute;nie</i> or
-<i>J&eacute;w&aacute;</i>; cool, sweet, moist, light; <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb76" href="#pb76" name=
-"pb76">76</a>]</span>strengthens the system and eyesight; is
-astringent; useful in disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It forms an
-ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;, and it removes feverish heat.
-The people of India use its greens in the beginning of the cold weather
-as food; the small Jeewuntie being considered as one of the best of
-culinary vegetables. It is called also <i>Saag Sherista</i>. The large
-kind is named <i>Bhe&eacute;ndoorie</i>, from its more limited mode of
-spreading its branches, and the small kind, for the contrary reason, is
-called <i>B&eacute;ldo&oacute;rie</i>: this spreads to a great
-distance, and creeps along whatever it comes in contact with. The fruit
-is like the cucumber.</p>
-<p class="par">The above is also the name of a flower, which in the
-<i>Dhunteri</i> is said to be aphrodisiac, and to clear the voice.</p>
-<p id="p425" class="par"><span class="parNum">425</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeewung</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Buthua</i>. Its stem is red.</p>
-<p id="p426" class="par"><span class="parNum">426</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheedah</span>.&mdash;The small pine (Senobir Jegheer); sweet;
-pungent during digestion; bitter, hot, moist, light; useful in windy
-disorders, and affections of the eyes, throat, and ear.</p>
-<p id="p427" class="par"><span class="parNum">427</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheenah</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Millet. <i>Panicum Italicum.</i>
-<i>Pan.</i> <i>Pilosum.</i>&rdquo; P. <i>Arzum</i>. A. <i>Dakhun</i>.
-Its properties are nearly the same as the small seed called
-Kongnee.</p>
-<p id="p428" class="par"><span class="parNum">428</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetul</span>.&mdash;An Indian Deer, black and white, pyebald.
-Its flesh has the same properties as the Chikara.</p>
-<p id="p429" class="par"><span class="parNum">429</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetah</span>.&mdash;Its meat is hot and heavy; useful in
-disorders of wind, affections of the eyes and voice. In A.
-<i>Phahus</i>; it is also the name of a medicine mentioned
-hereafter.</p>
-<p id="p430" class="par"><span class="parNum">430</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheel</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The Kite. <i>Falco Cheela</i>,&rdquo;
-Lath. Its meat is heavy, and increases disorders of the three
-secretions. In P. <i>Gh&uacute;llevaz</i>. A. <i>Hyd&aacute;t</i>.</p>
-<p id="p431" class="par"><span class="parNum">431</span> <span class=
-"sc">Jeepaul</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Jamalgota</i>.</p>
-<p id="p432" class="par"><span class="parNum">432</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheetah</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Valerian?</i> <i>Plumbago
-Zeylanica</i> or <i>Plumbago Rosea</i>, W.&rdquo; A medicine; one kind
-of which is red, the other purple; inside of a yellowish color; both
-woods are very thin, and both are pungent, bitter, dry, light,
-astringent, stomachic, and increase the powers of digestion. The red
-kind, mixed with strong vinegar, and rubbed hard on the spots of white
-leprosy till blisters arise, will have the effect of removing the
-complaint. A. <i>Sheetrudj</i>.</p>
-<p id="p433" class="par"><span class="parNum">433</span> <span class=
-"sc">Cheea</span> or <i>Cheetkeh</i>, both names for <i>Hurr</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e6871" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">KHAH</h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb77" href="#pb77" name=
-"pb77">77</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p434" class="par"><span class="parNum">434</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khutchur</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Bagul</i>. P. <i>Astur</i>. The mule.
-Its flesh increases strength; is aphrodisiac; it likewise increases
-mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p435" class="par"><span class="parNum">435</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khergosh</span>.&mdash;So called in Persian. The hare. Its Indian
-name is <i>Suss&aacute;h</i>. Vide S.</p>
-<p id="p436" class="par"><span class="parNum">436</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kherboozah</span>.&mdash;So named, both in Persian and Hinduee. It
-is hot, dry, light, and sweet; when ripe it increases bile, and is
-diuretic and lithontriptic. Its corrector is oxymel.</p>
-<p id="p437" class="par"><span class="parNum">437</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khuss</span>, also <i>Oshe&egrave;re</i>.&mdash;In the hot weather
-it is used for cooling houses. It is cool, assists digestion; is
-astringent, and cures bilious disorders; also those of mucus and blood.
-It allays thirst, cures blisters and acne, general heat, dysuria, boils
-and eruptions; prolongs aphrodisia, and I have found it excellent as a
-cardiac and astringent.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e6915" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">DAL</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p438" class="par first"><span class="parNum">438</span>
-<span class="sc">Darhuld</span>.&mdash;The wood of a tree called
-<i>Huld</i>. It is pungent and bitter; hot, dry, and useful in
-disorders of phlegm, bile, and blood, in acne, seminal weakness,
-swellings of the body, marasmus, boils, eruptions, in affections of the
-eye, pain in the ear; is lithontriptic, and cicatrizes wounds.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, is the following:</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Darhuld</i> is a wood of a yellow color; if bruised
-with <i>Malageer</i>, mixed with honey, and taken, it will be found
-excellent in marasmus, and as an external application in the itch.</p>
-<p id="p439" class="par"><span class="parNum">439</span> <span class=
-"sc">Datoon</span> also <i>Danth</i> or <i>Danti</i>, names for
-<i>Hubboos Salateen</i>. In Hinduee <i>Jamalgota</i>. &ldquo;<i>Croton
-Tiglium</i>, W. <i>Jayap&aacute;la</i>, S.&rdquo; It is bitter,
-pungent, and hot; promotes digestion; cures bilious affections, also
-foulness of the blood, disorders of mucus, swellings of the body,
-dropsy, and worms. It is violently purgative, and clears off the three
-secretions, but more especially mucus and black bile. It is not a safe
-medicine for weakly people, children, or the aged; but it is proper for
-those of strong constitutions, such as the Highlanders or country
-people, on whom weaker medicines have little effect. I have seen some
-of the hill people eat from 5 to 10 of the nuts without producing more
-than two or three motions, whereas the people of this city (Delhi) find
-half a nut as much as they can well bear. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb78" href="#pb78" name="pb78">78</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">The small green substance in the centre or heart of the
-nut, ought to be thrown aside, as it is poisonous. I have given this
-medicine very often with great good effect, and it is a general
-favorite with the physicians of Hindostan. In cholicks attended with
-vomiting, I have prescribed it with good effect.</p>
-<p id="p440" class="par"><span class="parNum">440</span> <span class=
-"sc">Daoodie</span>.&mdash;A common plant, about half a yard high, on
-which grows white and yellow flowers; it is hot and dry, and the smell
-of the flowers removes disorders from cold on the brain by heating it.
-The powder of the flowers, in the quantity of 6 mashas, with sugar, is
-lithontriptic, and in the quantity of 3 mashas if it be boiled, and the
-decoction drank with sugar, it will also be found beneficial. If the
-flowers are boiled in oil, till the virtue be extracted, the oil will
-form an excellent external application in all affections arising from
-cold; a conserve of its flowers strengthens the stomach and the brain,
-and removes depression of spirits. The juice of the leaves is
-attenuating and suppurating. &ldquo;Marigold,
-<i>Chrysanthemum</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p441" class="par"><span class="parNum">441</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dabeh</span>.&mdash;A kind of grass; useful in suppression of
-urine; is lithontriptic; cures disorders of bile, phlegm, and removes
-pains in the urinary bladder.</p>
-<p id="p442" class="par"><span class="parNum">442</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darum</span>.&mdash;The pomegranate of the hills. &ldquo;<i>Punica
-granatum</i>, W.&rdquo; It is very acid and astringent; it increases
-appetite and promotes digestion; is cardiac; decreases bile, removes
-depression of spirits, and the sweet kind decreases the 3
-secretions.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;The bark of the root a cure for T&aelig;nia. Boil
-8oz. in 3lb. of water to a quart. Of this the patient takes a
-wine-glassful, and repeats it as the faintness will admit.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p443" class="par"><span class="parNum">443</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darmee Saar</span>.&mdash;The pomegranate seed. It cures disorders
-of bile. I have found its powder very useful in giving tone to the
-stomach and removing heated bile; it is also astringent. Mixed with
-medicines of a laxative nature, it is given in India on account of its
-tonic effects, and its preventing injury from other medicines.</p>
-<p id="p444" class="par"><span class="parNum">444</span> <span class=
-"sc">Darma</span> called also <i>Soombulkhar</i>, or rather it is a
-species of arsenic.</p>
-<p id="p445" class="par"><span class="parNum">445</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dakh</span>.&mdash;Cool, heavy, aperient; improves eye-sight;
-increases aphrodisia; removes fever, thirst, difficulty of breathing,
-affections <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb79" href="#pb79" name=
-"pb79">79</a>]</span>of wind, bile, and blood, jaundice, dysuria, and
-heat of body. Its corrector is to be found in its acid, which cures
-mucous disorders and eruptions from vitiated bile, and the same effects
-will be produced by grapes without seeds. The hill grapes are acid,
-light, and useful in mucous disorders, but in some degree increase
-bile. Ungoor. The grape.</p>
-<p id="p446" class="par"><span class="parNum">446</span> <span class=
-"sc">Daad Murden</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e7031" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cassia Alata</i>, W.&rdquo;
-The expressed juice of the leaves, mixed with salt, used for the cure
-of ring-worm.</p>
-<p id="p447" class="par"><span class="parNum">447</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dooparia</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pentapetes
-Ph&aelig;nicia.</i>&rdquo; The name of a common flower, of a rose
-color, and white, and flowers at noon. It is light, astringent, and
-cures disorders of mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p448" class="par"><span class="parNum">448</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dutchina Virna</span>.&mdash;Bitter and heavy in digestion; dry,
-and increasing wind; cures cough, boils, eruptions, disorders of bile,
-and affections of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p449" class="par"><span class="parNum">449</span> <span class=
-"sc">Durba</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Doob</i>, called also
-<i>Shittb&uacute;ra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p450" class="par"><span class="parNum">450</span> <span class=
-"sc">Durbhur</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Lawa</i>. Vide L.</p>
-<p id="p451" class="par"><span class="parNum">451</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dusmool</span>.&mdash;A mixture of both kinds of
-<i>Punj&egrave;mo&ograve;l</i>; it increases appetite; cures disorders
-of bile, mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough; decreases perspiration;
-removes morbid inclination to sleep, also fever, flatulence, pains in
-the bowels, and pleuritic affections.</p>
-<p id="p452" class="par"><span class="parNum">452</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dukdoka</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Do&ograve;dh&egrave;e</i>.</p>
-<p id="p453" class="par"><span class="parNum">453</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dumna</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Murzunjoosh</i>, called also
-<i>Dawna</i>; its leaves have a finer smell than the flower, and are
-very numerous. It is an antidote to poisons; useful in disorders of the
-blood and the three secretions, Juzam, nausea, and watery itch. Its
-properties are hot, and it is hurtful to those of the like temperament.
-Its smell causes dryness of the brain. The wild <i>Dawna</i> is the
-most powerful.</p>
-<p id="p454" class="par"><span class="parNum">454</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dundundana</span>.&mdash;A shrub about a yard high; its leaves
-like those of the <i>Baer</i>. It is a trefoil, and in the centre of
-the three leaves there is a capsule, which when ripe breaks and
-discharges the seed; it is of a whitish brown color, some more white
-than others; its seed resembles those of the safflower, but is longer
-and more broad. It is used as an ingredient in the first medicine given
-to a child at its birth to clear its bowels. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb80" href="#pb80" name="pb80">80</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p455" class="par"><span class="parNum">455</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doon</span> also <i>Shittb&aacute;ra</i>.&mdash;The latter is
-white and cool; cures acne, disorders of mucus, bile, blood, thirst,
-and general heat. &ldquo;<i>Poa Cynosuroides.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p456" class="par"><span class="parNum">456</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodhee</span> called also <i>Dukd&ograve;ka</i>.&mdash;A grass of
-two kinds. The first kind does not rise from the ground; its leaves
-green; its fibres very small. The leaves like the <i>Til</i>. If the
-branch is broken, a white juice exudes like milk; from this it has
-derived its name; it grows about a span in diameter. The second kind
-has red branches, and is much about the size of the other; the first is
-the hottest and best. It is dry, heavy, and aphrodisiac; cures
-affections of wind and mucus, also Juzam and worms. It is flatulent;
-and a third kind of it called <i>Mydha Se&egrave;ngie</i>; also a
-fourth <i>Jh&egrave;nawurha</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">From the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Doodhee</i> is of three kinds: The first large,
-called <i>Meendha doodee</i>; its tree like the <i>Bael</i>; its fruit
-like the <i>Aak</i>, and like it too, there is a cottony substance
-contained in it. Its flowers are white, and milk exudes from its broken
-branches. If the cottony substance be applied to the piles, and the
-patient seated over a hot place, that the cotton become well heated, it
-will cure the complaint. Its leaves are like the <i>Paan</i>. The
-second kind is very small, and remains spread on the ground; its
-branches are red, and its leaves thin; it is beneficial in
-gonorrh&oelig;a and in ulcers of the urethra. If it is bruised and
-eaten for a year, in the quantity that can be held in the palm of the
-hand, it will be aphrodisiac, increase the secretion of semen, make the
-hair black, and preserve the eyesight. The 3rd kind grows to the height
-of 7 or 8 inches, and is useful in seminal weakness and diabetes. If 9
-mashas be taken with sugar, it will be useful in remedying a too
-hurried seminal evacuation and heartburns. The second kind is cool and
-dry. &ldquo;<i>Euphorbia hirta.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p457" class="par"><span class="parNum">457</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodee</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hubb-ul-neel</i>. A purgative
-seed, beneficial in affections of bile, mucus, piles, worms in the
-belly and rectum, in badgola, and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p458" class="par"><span class="parNum">458</span> <span class=
-"sc">Do&oacute;dputeya</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chirkakolie</i>,
-another kind of which is called <i>Kakolie</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb81" href="#pb81" name="pb81">81</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p459" class="par"><span class="parNum">459</span> <span class=
-"sc">Doodka</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Doorie</i>; cures
-superabundance of wind, mucus, phlegm, piles, worms, Badgola, and is an
-antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p460" class="par"><span class="parNum">460</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhamin</span> or <span class="sc">Dhunoon</span>.&mdash;A prickly
-tree, astringent and light, and useful in disorders of phlegm, bile,
-blood, and in cough.</p>
-<p id="p461" class="par"><span class="parNum">461</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhunjawasa</span>.&mdash;A kind of
-<i>J&aacute;w&aacute;ss&aacute;</i>; its properties the same.</p>
-<p id="p462" class="par"><span class="parNum">462</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhadahwun</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, useful in disorders of
-phlegm, wind, poisons, Juzam, piles, and <i>Sunpat</i>. <i>Sunpat</i>
-is a disease consisting of loss of sensation and universal chilliness
-and numbness.</p>
-<p id="p463" class="par"><span class="parNum">463</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhaw</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Grislea Tomentosa</i>, Roxb.
-<i>Lythrum Fructicosum</i>, Linn.&rdquo; A prickly shrub, cool and
-useful in bilious disorders, mucus, piles, marasmus, &amp;c.</p>
-<p id="p464" class="par"><span class="parNum">464</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhawa</span>.&mdash;A tree, the flowers of which are generally
-known; it is also called <i>Dhatki</i>, bitter, pungent, astringent,
-cool, light, and curing laxities of the bowels; useful in disorders of
-bile and blood, and is an antidote to poison; is vermifuge, beneficial
-in acne, and is a little intoxicating; it is also recommended in
-prolapsus ani, menorrhagia, and h&aelig;morrhoides; it is said to be
-equal in its properties.</p>
-<p id="p465" class="par"><span class="parNum">465</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhatura</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Datura Metel.</i> W. <i>Datura
-Stramonium</i>.&rdquo; A plant about a yard high, more or less. It has
-numerous branches, like the <i>Benghen</i> plant; it grows wild, and is
-also cultivated; its leaves are like those of the <i>Abassie</i>; its
-seed vessel like the walnut, or rather larger; it has small prickles on
-its surface, and is filled with seeds. There are several kinds of it.
-One has a black flower, and also a blackish seed vessel: another is
-white; the first is seldom met with, and is the strongest of any; the
-flower is of the shape of the <i>Toorhee</i>, (a wind instrument, a
-trumpet.) It is hot, heavy, and promotes appetite, but produces
-vomiting; useful in disorders of phlegm, poison, itch, worms, and
-nausea; clears the complexion, cures fevers, Juzam, boils, and
-eruptions, as also many other disorders. It is a very active poison;
-its corrector is cotton, leaf for leaf, seed for seed, flower for
-flower; its nut is to be chosen in preference for medical <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb82" href="#pb82" name="pb82">82</a>]</span>use. If
-the root of the black <i>Dhatura</i> be kept in the house, it will be
-productive of both good luck and a good name; if it be dried in the
-shade, and taken in conjee to the quantity of 9 mashas, all white hair
-will fall from the head and black hair grow in its place. If the root
-be dried and pounded to the quantity of 160 direms, and mixed with 80
-direms of cow&rsquo;s ghee, and placing it on the fire in a new vessel,
-form it into the consistence of sweetmeats, then tying up the mouth of
-the vessel close, place it for 40 days among paddy, at the expiration
-of which time, let the person bathe and give alms to the poor; and let
-him take out the preparation, and eat as much as he can take up between
-two fingers, daily for 40 days, fasting; and nothing used as food
-except rice and milk, abstaining from all acids; lost strength will be
-restored, youth renovated, the hair never will become white, and it
-will prove aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p class="par">If the black <i>Dhatura</i> be bruised and mixed with
-goat&rsquo;s milk and sugar, and boiled, it will cure barrenness in
-women.</p>
-<p class="par">If the flowers of the black <i>Dhatura</i> be bruised,
-mixed with honey or cow&rsquo;s ghee, and a little of your own blood
-added, and this used as a <i>Tilak</i>, or ornament on the forehead
-betwixt the eyes, whoever sees it will become your slave, be it man or
-woman. If a woman so uses it, her husband will never forsake her!!</p>
-<p id="p466" class="par"><span class="parNum">466</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhunia</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Coriandrum Sativum</i>, W.
-<i>Dhanyaca</i>, S.&rdquo; Astringent, during digestion sweet, cool,
-dry, and moist in an equal degree; light, diuretic, carminative, and
-cardiac; increases appetite, cures disorders of wind, bile, phlegm, and
-blood. It is vermifuge, and useful in difficulty of breathing, cough,
-thirst, and piles; it lessens the seminal secretion.</p>
-<p id="p467" class="par"><span class="parNum">467</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhak</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Palass</i>, &ldquo;<i>Butea
-Frondosa</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p468" class="par"><span class="parNum">468</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dholkudum</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Cudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p469" class="par"><span class="parNum">469</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhumaha</span>.&mdash;A creeping plant, growing near the water,
-covered with thorns like the <i>Jawassa</i>, extending even to its
-flowers. It is small and green before it flowers, like the nightshade.
-In the <i>Dhuntori</i>, it is said to be pungent and astringent, useful
-in vertigo, chronic fever, and disorders from poison. In dropsy,
-vomiting, seminal weakness, and delirium, it is beneficial.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb83" href="#pb83" name=
-"pb83">83</a>]</span>I have given it with those medicines which clear
-the blood, and I have found its effects to be like the <i>Jawassa</i>,
-some indeed call it a variety of this. It is said to be hot and dry in
-the 2nd degree, others have called it equal. Heated, bruised, and
-applied to indolent tumours, it will be of use.</p>
-<p id="p470" class="par"><span class="parNum">470</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhaie.</span>.&mdash;Increases the three secretions; it is called
-by the physicians of India hot and moist, that of the cow is the best.
-It is astringent in its effects, restrains hemorrhage from piles, and
-the following R. is known by experience to be excellent.</p>
-<p class="par">Take &frac12; a pow (4 ounces) of dhai&eacute;,
-4&frac12; mashas of moist rice, fried in the husk (Lahie), 2 mashas of
-dried ginger; stir the dhaie well till it becomes thin, add a little
-water, and then add to it the fried rice, bruise and pound the ginger,
-and sprinkle it in. This must be ate daily for a week, when it will so
-effectually stop the bleeding from piles, that it will not return.</p>
-<p id="p471" class="par"><span class="parNum">471</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhanqie</span> or <i>Dhaoie</i>; cool and of a bitter taste;
-light, allays thirst, is astringent, vermifuge, and antidote to
-poisons.</p>
-<p id="p472" class="par"><span class="parNum">472</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhawnie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Perishtpirnee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p473" class="par"><span class="parNum">473</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dheerukmola</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Saalpurnie</i>, deriving
-its name from the large size of its root.</p>
-<p id="p474" class="par"><span class="parNum">474</span> <span class=
-"sc">Dhendus</span>.&mdash;It resembles the <i>Quince</i>, with a green
-rind; the people of India eat it, dressed with and without meat; it is
-preferable to the <i>cuddoo</i>; cool, beneficial in bilious disorders,
-and quick of digestion.</p>
-<p id="p475" class="par"><span class="parNum">475</span> <span class=
-"sc">Deodar</span> called also <i>D&eacute;odarie</i>. The name of a
-tree; the wood of which bears the same name; it is resinous; hot and
-beneficial in wind, phlegm, costiveness, piles, and fever. &ldquo;The
-Fir tree.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p476" class="par"><span class="parNum">476</span> <span class=
-"sc">Deomun</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mahumeed</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e7440" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">REH</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p477" class="par first"><span class="parNum">477</span>
-<span class="sc">Raab</span>.&mdash;Treacle; it is heavy; strengthens
-the system; is diuretic; increases perspiration, and the three
-secretions.</p>
-<p id="p478" class="par"><span class="parNum">478</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raje Umber</span>.&mdash;A fruit of India; sweet, cool,
-astringent, and useful in disorders of mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p479" class="par"><span class="parNum">479</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rassun.</span>.&mdash;Commonly called <i>Raisun</i> or
-<i>Rowasun</i>; a tree about the size of a <i>Baer</i> tree, or larger;
-it is a weak biennial plant, but grows rapidly when transplanted. Its
-leaves grow on both sides of a centre stem, like the Tamarind, and it
-is rather longer: the tree grows straight from the root. The
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb84" href="#pb84" name=
-"pb84">84</a>]</span>author of the <i>Topha</i> has described it as a
-root, and says that the people of India call different medicines by the
-former names, but they are both the same, and it is the common kind
-that I have described. Its pod is like the <i>Lobeia</i> (bean.) The
-flower is outside yellow and inside red, with a tinge of yellow. Its
-leaves contract in the night and unfold in the morning. Some have
-called it sweet and cool, and have described many varieties of it,
-white, yellow, red, and grey; but I fancy the difference is merely
-confined to the color of the flowers; some have said that it diminishes
-strength. Its flowers are peculiarly beautiful. If its leaves are
-bruised and applied moist to swellings, it either resolves the tumour
-or hastens suppuration; it is bitter and heavy, cures disorders of wind
-and mucus, swellings of the body, difficulty of breathing, eruptions
-from suffusion of bile, itchiness in the stomach, dropsy, and increases
-the powers of digestion.</p>
-<p id="p480" class="par"><span class="parNum">480</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajejakha</span>. A medicine of India; astringent to the taste;
-dry, heavy, and astringent in its effects; increases wind and
-f&oelig;cal evacuation; decreases appetite, and adds to the secretion
-of milk.</p>
-<p id="p481" class="par"><span class="parNum">481</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajehuns</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Purse&aacute;washan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p482" class="par"><span class="parNum">482</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rai</span>.&mdash;<span class="corr" id="xd24e7506" title=
-"Not in source">&ldquo;</span><i>Sinapis Ramosa</i>, Roxb. sp. ch.
-Annual, erect, ramous siliques expanding, linear, vertically
-compressed, smooth; leaves petioled, lower lyred; superior,
-sublanceolate, (Roxb. MS.) Murray II. 398, Woodville III. 409.&rdquo;
-Cool, bitter, hot, and dry; beneficial in mucous disorders, itch, and
-Juzam; is vermifuge, stomachic, and increases diffusion of bile. A.
-<i>Khirdul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p483" class="par"><span class="parNum">483</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raang</span>.&mdash;<i>Stannum</i>, <i>Tagarum</i>, Tam. Hot, dry,
-light, and soft; strengthens the eyes; is vermifuge; useful in
-marasmus, difficulty of breathing, and a deficiency of bile. A.
-<i>Rusas</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">In the <i>Maadentezerrubad</i>, it is thus described:
-<i>Raang</i> is called in P. <i>Kaley</i>; cool in the 2nd degree, and
-moist in the 1st degree. Calcined, it is slightly cool and dry. If a
-piece of this <i>Kaley</i> be put into a pot with meat, you may boil it
-as long as you please, but the meat will not be properly boiled. The
-<i>Kaley</i> for internal use is calcined, the dose from one to two
-soorkh.</p>
-<p class="par">483 <span class="sc">Raal</span>.&mdash;Bitter and
-astringent; cool, heavy, and inducing costiveness, cures Deojur, acne,
-boils, eruptions, fever, and cracks <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb85"
-href="#pb85" name="pb85">85</a>]</span>in the thickened cuticle of the
-feet; and it lessens perspiration. A. <i>Kaar</i>, also <i>Kikahur</i>.
-It is said also, that if put into a pipe with tobacco, and one whiff
-taken the 1st day, two the second, three the third, and so on, it will
-be found very useful in ulceration of the lungs.
-<i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p id="p484" class="par"><span class="parNum">484</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ramputtrie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Maadentezerrubad.</i>&rdquo; An
-Indian flower which I have not seen, but which I understand to be like
-the rose; its properties are, that if it is well rubbed with mercury,
-it will kill it, and both united form a black mass. More of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e7575" title="Source: it sproperties">its
-properties</span> I know not.</p>
-<p id="p485" class="par"><span class="parNum">485</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajeneemboophile</span>.&mdash;The sweet lime; it is heavy, and
-useful in bilious disorders and wind. In my opinion it is a cool
-cardiac, and decreases heat and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p486" class="par"><span class="parNum">486</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raibele</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bael</i>. The wild kind is
-called, <i>Kynd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p487" class="par"><span class="parNum">487</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rashna</span>.&mdash;Bitter and slow of digestion; cures cough,
-wind, disorders of blood, and is an antidote to poison, dropsy, and
-mucus, and it promotes digestion. Its leaves, root, and branches are
-used in medicine.</p>
-<p id="p488" class="par"><span class="parNum">488</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rajdooree</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Jewuntee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p489" class="par"><span class="parNum">489</span> <span class=
-"sc">Raje Ummur</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Umbarie Burrur</i>. It is
-cool, sweet, and astringent, cures some affections of the mouth and
-phlegm.</p>
-<p id="p490" class="par"><span class="parNum">490</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rasie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Rudd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p491" class="par"><span class="parNum">491</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruttunjooth</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e7642" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A medicine of India. Its leaves are
-green, and its branches red and yellow; if its branches be bruised in
-sweet oil, and applied to the head, it will cure <i>Tinea Capitis</i>.
-Its name is also <i>Abookhoolsa</i>. P. <i>Cheojoora</i>. It is a
-native of the hills; it is also said to relieve weakness of sight by
-causing a copious flow of tears, when externally applied.</p>
-<p id="p492" class="par"><span class="parNum">492</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rattaloo</span> also <i>Runtaloo</i>. A culinary root, common in
-India; sweet and pleasant to the taste, cool and slow of digestion;
-removes oppression on the spirits, bile, and general heat. It increases
-semen, strengthens the system, and adds to the bulk of the solids.
-&ldquo;<i>Dioscorea.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p493" class="par"><span class="parNum">493</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruttun</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>J&aacute;w&aacute;her</i>.
-<i>Ruttun</i> (the word) used by itself means <i>Almass</i>; but all
-compounds obtain the name of <i>Jaw&agrave;her</i>; it possesses all
-the six properties. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb86" href="#pb86"
-name="pb86">86</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p494" class="par"><span class="parNum">494</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rudd</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Rassie</i>. It is cool and heavy;
-strengthens the body; removes disorders of wind and mucus, increases
-semen, and during digestion is pungent and sweet.</p>
-<p id="p495" class="par"><span class="parNum">495</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roodwunti</span>.&mdash;A plant very generally useful.</p>
-<p class="par">When the <i>Pookhnichittur</i> shall happen on a Sunday,
-take the root, leaves, flowers, and branches, taking care that your
-shadow does not reach them; leave them five nights in the dew, and then
-dry them in the shade. Four mashas ate with sugar and honey daily, will
-be found aphrodisiac. If it be washed for 21 days in the juice of the
-<i>plantain</i> tree, then bruised and washed in the juice of
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e7714" title="Source: he">the</span>
-<i>Moondie</i>, sugar taken and boiled in the juice of the plantain
-tree, and a little of the <i>Roodwunti</i> added to it, then adding
-cloves and cardamoms one tolah each, musk and camphor each 1/2 tolah,
-and the whole made up into balls of a tolah each, and one eaten daily
-in boiled milk, it will be found aphrodisiac. If it is taken simply,
-mixed with sugar, it will have an aphrodisiac property.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another account.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Of the <i>Roodwunti</i> there are four kinds, black,
-white, red, and yellow, male and female; the female is distinguished by
-some of its leaves dropping water. It grows in a moist or watery soil,
-near Gwallior; it is green, and its leaves and branches resemble gram.
-The leaves of the male kind are said to transmute metals, and are
-considered very valuable on that account. If one part of this, half a
-part of <i>Tirphilla</i>, one-fourth part of <i>Tircoota</i>, and the
-bulk of the whole of sugar be bruised and sifted, and as much ate with
-cow&rsquo;s milk, as may be held in the palm of the hand, it will cure
-all disorders to which the human frame is subject, and transmute old
-age into youth. <i>Maadentezerrubad</i><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e7740" title="Not in source">.</span></p>
-<p class="par">If the leaves are rubbed on silver, and that put into
-the fire, it will become yellow; if the leaves are thrown into melted
-tin, it will assume the appearance of gold. If mercury be put into the
-juice of its leaves and well stirred about, then boiled in milk or
-vinegar, it will become yellow. If the green leaves be dried, pounded,
-and taken to the quantity of 9 masha for 14 days, the hair will never
-become white. If one direm of this and 14 direms of honey, with 10
-direms of cow&rsquo;s ghee, be well stirred up together and taken every
-morning, the body will become strengthened, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb87" href="#pb87" name="pb87">87</a>]</span>and the
-hair remain black. Two direms ate with sugar, will increase appetite,
-and cure seminal weakness and pains in the bowels. If its leaves are
-used as a cephalic, it will remove the effects of poisons. Some call it
-<i>Roowunti</i>; it is hot and dry.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">495<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e7753" title="Not in source">&prime;</span></span> <span class=
-"sc">Roodraz</span>.&mdash;Commonly used in India for making beads
-which are much esteemed. It is bitter, pungent, hot, and vermifuge;
-rectifies an overflow of blood or a suffusion of bile in the blood;
-cures mucous affections and head-aches. Is useful in disorders of
-children, and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p496" class="par"><span class="parNum">496</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruswut</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;An extract from the root of the
-<i>Amomum Anthorhizum</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; Bitter and pungent; hot;
-beneficial in mucous disorders, affections of the mouth, eyes, boils,
-and eruptions. In A. <i>Huzzood</i>. &ldquo;Mixed with equal parts of
-alum and opium, rubbed up together with a little water, it is perhaps
-the best application in ophthalmia ever used, applied all round the
-eye.&rdquo; <i>Trans.</i></p>
-<p id="p497" class="par"><span class="parNum">497</span> <span class=
-"sc">Russ</span>.&mdash;In P. called <i>Sheera</i>. When written
-singly, it means the juice of the sugar-cane. It is moist, aperient,
-and promotes digestion, and removes flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p498" class="par"><span class="parNum">498</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rusunjeen</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Ruswut</i>.</p>
-<p id="p499" class="par"><span class="parNum">499</span> <span class=
-"sc">Russ Kapoor</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;An oximuriate of mercury.&rdquo;
-A medicine of India, resembling the Sumbulkhar; hot and dry in the 3rd
-degree. It is a poison, but is very useful in Lues Venerea; it affects
-the gums, loosens the teeth, and debilitates the stomach. Its corrector
-is milk and butter; its succedan is <i>Darsh&eacute;kina</i>: the dose
-one <i>soorkh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p500" class="par"><span class="parNum">500</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rekhbuk</span> or <i>Rekhbukh</i>, or <i>Rekhba</i>. The title
-given to any medicine that promotes digestion. It is cool, strengthens
-the system, increases semen and mucus, cures disorders of bile and
-blood, heat at stomach, emaciation, wind, and hectic fever; it
-increases mucus.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">501</span> <span class=
-"sc">Recktaal</span> or <i>Rukitkund</i>, a kind of
-<i>P&eacute;ndaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p502" class="par"><span class="parNum">502</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ruckitchunden</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e7841" title=
-"Not in source">.</span> <i>Pterocarpus Santalinus</i>, W.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Racta Chundana</i>, San. A name for real Sanders
-wood. Sweet, bitter, cool, heavy; it strengthens eye-sight, induces
-costiveness; creates nausea, cures thirst, disorders of the blood,
-bile, fevers, and boils or other eruptions. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb88" href="#pb88" name="pb88">88</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p503" class="par"><span class="parNum">503</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rukitsal</span>.&mdash;Red rice. A kind of <i>Santi</i>; it is
-light and is very beneficial; increases strength, clears the
-complexion, removes disorders of the three secretions; is diuretic,
-clears the voice, increases semen and wind, and removes general
-heat.</p>
-<p id="p504" class="par"><span class="parNum">504</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rukitphoop</span>.&mdash;A variety of the <i>Kana&eacute;r</i>;
-some say it is a kind of the <i>Biscopra</i>; it is called by both
-names.</p>
-<p id="p505" class="par"><span class="parNum">505</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rungni</span>.&mdash;Pungent and hot; destroys appetite; cures
-cough, asthma, mucus, and fever from mucus and wind. The white
-<i>Rungni</i> is pungent and hot; increases eye-sight; consolidates
-(amalgamates) mercury; promotes appetite, loosens phlegm and wind.</p>
-<p id="p506" class="par"><span class="parNum">506</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rungtirra</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Sungtirra</i>. It derives
-its name from the Emperor <i>Allam Gheer</i> the 2nd, because he used
-it as a medicine; and because no name of a stone can ever be mentioned
-in the presence of the Emperor, instead of <i>Sungtirra</i> it was
-therefore called <i>Rungtirra</i>.</p>
-<p id="p507" class="par"><span class="parNum">507</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rawasun</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Rasun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p508" class="par"><span class="parNum">508</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rohoo</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shobooth</i>. It is slightly
-astringent, and in a small degree increases bile; also gives general
-strength. I have found it beneficial as an aphrodisiac in strengthening
-the system and increasing semen; but I have observed that if it does
-not digest easily it weakens the stomach and produces much mucus; its
-corrector is ginger, honey, or other medicines of a hot and dry
-quality.</p>
-<p id="p509" class="par"><span class="parNum">509</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roohus</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Kundhul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p510" class="par"><span class="parNum">510</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roopa</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Roopuk</i>. (Silver.)
-Astringent, moist, cool, aperient, cardiac, and stomachic. It augments
-the strength of youth, and preserves meat from becoming putrid;
-decreases fat, strengthens the brain and bones, and thickens semen,
-decreases corpulency, and cures disorders of wind and bile. It forms an
-ingredient in all famous recipes. Its calx is called <i>Roopruss</i>,
-and it is more powerful than any other. <i>Ranga</i> resembled it in
-its properties, also <i>Gold</i>.</p>
-<p id="p511" class="par"><span class="parNum">511</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rooi</span>.&mdash;When very old, if stuffed into the nose, it
-promotes the discharge of every thing offensive from the brain. It also
-cures disorders in the head, the consequence of indigestion, as also
-hemicrania. A. <i>Kotun</i> (Cotton.) <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb89" href="#pb89" name="pb89">89</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p512" class="par"><span class="parNum">512</span> <span class=
-"sc">Romus</span> or <i>Mudwal</i>. A name of <i>Bindaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p513" class="par"><span class="parNum">513</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rohni</span>.&mdash;Of two kinds, both astringent and cool;
-beneficial in worms in the stomach, and affections of the throat, which
-it also clears.</p>
-<p id="p514" class="par"><span class="parNum">514</span> <span class=
-"sc">Roheera</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India; laxative; useful in
-wind, Badgola, affections of the liver and spleen, and in dropsy.</p>
-<p id="p515" class="par"><span class="parNum">515</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rahusphill</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Mowa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p516" class="par"><span class="parNum">516</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reewudj</span>.&mdash;The name of a shrub, cool and useful in
-suppression of urine, general heat, disorders of the three secretions,
-and blood; its tree is astringent and hot; cures disorders of the
-mouth, and is an antidote to poisons; it is vermifuge, cures itches,
-boils, and wounds, and disorders of the blood and mucus. It prevents
-the effects of evil-eyes, or demoniacal possession.</p>
-<p id="p517" class="par"><span class="parNum">517</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reech</span>.&mdash;The Bear. Its taste is sweet, cool, and heavy;
-it is aphrodisiac, and removes affections from wind. P.
-<i>Khirs</i>.</p>
-<p id="p518" class="par"><span class="parNum">518</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reenga</span>.&mdash;The fruit of the <i>Sumhaloo</i>; produces
-appetite, clears the uterus after parturition; increases knowledge and
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p519" class="par"><span class="parNum">519</span> <span class=
-"sc">Reetha</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sapindus Saponaria.</i> The
-soap-nut, soap-wort.&rdquo; Hot, and useful in disorders of the three
-secretions, and in blood. This however does not coincide with the
-result of my experience, but I have found it useful in cases of
-hemicrania, as a cephalic used in the opposite nostril: prevents
-demoniacal possession. A. <i>Bunduck Hindui</i>.</p>
-<p id="p520" class="par"><span class="parNum">520</span> <span class=
-"sc">Rewind</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Rheum Palmatum.</i> Rhubarb.&rdquo;
-Laxative, stomachic, and astringent; and if taken after meals with rose
-water, it promotes digestion and strengthens the bowels. It removes
-mucus from the pylorus.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e8052" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">ZAIN</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p521" class="par first"><span class="parNum">521</span>
-<span class="sc">Zeera</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cuminum Cyminum</i>, W.
-<i>Jiraca</i>, S. Cumin seed.&rdquo; Hot and dry; light, stomachic,
-astringent; increases knowledge, clears the uterus; and of use in
-disorders of that viscus; it relieves flatulence, Badgola, and
-vomiting.</p>
-<p id="p522" class="par"><span class="parNum">522</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zeerki</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Zuerishk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p523" class="par"><span class="parNum">523</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zachmeheath</span>.&mdash;A small shrub, growing close on the
-ground, covering it with its foliage; it is found by the side of fields
-of water; it is of two kinds, the leaf of one small and thin, those of
-the other broad and thick. The first kind is excellent in the cure of
-piles: thus, dried in the shade, pounded, sifted, and <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb90" href="#pb90" name="pb90">90</a>]</span>taken
-every morning in the quantity of a palmful with water, for fourteen
-days; and every night at bed-time, taking 12 mashas of K&uacute;nd Sia,
-and during its use abstaining from all acids, or other things, which
-may produce wind.</p>
-<p id="p524" class="par"><span class="parNum">524</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zerki</span>.&mdash;A name of pepper, called also <i>K&aacute;la
-Dana</i>.</p>
-<p id="p525" class="par"><span class="parNum">525</span> <span class=
-"sc">Zumiekund</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Soor&uacute;n</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e8107" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">SEEN</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p526" class="par first"><span class="parNum">526</span>
-<span class="sc">Sanbir</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Sembile</i>.</p>
-<p id="p527" class="par"><span class="parNum">527</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saarba</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, of two kinds, both
-sweet, moist, and heavy; produces semen, and is aphrodisiac; cures
-disorders of wind, bile, mucus, menorrhagia, and colliquative
-diarrh&oelig;a in fever.</p>
-<p id="p528" class="par"><span class="parNum">528</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saramill</span> or <i>Sarumluk</i>, or <i>Saral</i>.&mdash;The
-author of the <i>Dara Shekoi</i> has described this as a medicine of
-India, and in other works that I have consulted, it is called
-<i>Sangterra</i>. In taste it is astringent, and heavy; beneficial in
-disorders of wind; and increases mucus and bile.</p>
-<p id="p529" class="par"><span class="parNum">529</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saluk</span> or <i>Salook</i>.&mdash;A flower, q. vide.</p>
-<p id="p530" class="par"><span class="parNum">530</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sagown</span> or <i>Saag</i>.&mdash;A tree of the hills of
-Hindostan: the upper surface of the leaves is hard and raised like a
-file. Some say that this is the <i>Pheelgosh</i> (Elephant&rsquo;s
-ear), from its resemblance to the ear of the Elephant; it is cool, and
-useful in disorders of wind and blood. &ldquo;<i>Tectona
-grandis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p531" class="par"><span class="parNum">531</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saalpernie</span> or <i>Saloom</i>.&mdash;A medicine of India;
-heavy, cures fever, difficulty of breathing, and disorders of wind,
-bile, and mucus; it produces nausea, restrains diarrh&oelig;a,
-beneficial in dryness of the seven <i>dhats</i>, strengthens the
-system, is aphrodisiac, and forms an ingredient in all the favorite
-formul&aelig;. In the Dhunterri it is written, that in its taste it is
-pungent; having small and green leaves, the seed-vessel about an inch
-long, seed small and numerous; curing chronic fevers, seminal weakness,
-and swelling of the body. It is said to be hot. &ldquo;<i>Hedysarum
-Gangeticum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p532" class="par"><span class="parNum">532</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saalie</span>.&mdash;A tree of the hills, of which elephants are
-very fond, and which soon brings them into good condition. It cures
-boils and eruptions, disorders of blood and mucus, and restrains
-diarrh&oelig;a. Its branches quickly take root by being planted, and
-when used as posts for the support of a roof, it quickly covers the
-whole with its foliage. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb91" href=
-"#pb91" name="pb91">91</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p533" class="par"><span class="parNum">533</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saaltie</span>.&mdash;Commonly called <i>Kaphoor Kutcherie</i>;
-cool light, astringent; promotes digestion, cures cough and disorders
-of the blood. A species of <i>Kachoor</i>, having a pleasant smell like
-Camphor.</p>
-<p id="p534" class="par"><span class="parNum">534</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saaje</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Serje</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p535" class="par"><span class="parNum">535</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sawang</span>.&mdash;A culinary grain, used by the villagers; it
-is smaller than the <i>Badjera</i>, is smooth and pointed; it grows
-also wild, of a smaller size. It is cool and dry; useful in bilious
-disorders and mucus, and dries the seven <i>d&rsquo;hats</i>.</p>
-<p id="p536" class="par"><span class="parNum">536</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e8238" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Saale">Saal</span></span>.&mdash;Sweet to
-the taste and pungently sweet in digestion; cool, light, astringent;
-cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus, and preserves the health.
-There are other kinds of this, but this is the one to be preferred. One
-kind is red, called <i>Rakitsal</i>; it is nearly of the same nature,
-(a kind of rice).</p>
-<p id="p537" class="par"><span class="parNum">537</span> <span class=
-"sc">Salamookh</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice like the former.</p>
-<p id="p538" class="par"><span class="parNum">538</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saro</span>.&mdash;(<i>Myna</i>). Its meat is dry and moist in
-equal degrees; increases knowledge and appetite, strengthens the
-system, removes laxities of the bowels, useful in bruises and hurts,
-relieves cough, lessens mucus and hectic fever; it is called Sawur, and
-in A. <i>Zerzore</i>, P. <i>Sharug</i>.</p>
-<p id="p539" class="par"><span class="parNum">539</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sabur</span>.&mdash;A kind of deer, whose skin is used in covering
-sheaths for swords, and by the lower classes and hunters as lining for
-their clothes. Its meat is sweet; in digestion it is cool, moist, and
-heavy; increases mucus, and cures disorders from diffusion of bile.</p>
-<p id="p540" class="par"><span class="parNum">540</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sarass</span>.&mdash;A species of heron, &ldquo;<i>Ardea
-Antigone</i>.&rdquo; A large bird, with a long neck and legs, of a lead
-color; the male lives always with his mate. Its flesh is cool, moist,
-and heavy; strengthens the system, decreases urine and f&aelig;ces,
-cures disorders of wind, blood and bile.</p>
-<p id="p541" class="par"><span class="parNum">541</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saamp</span>.&mdash;The Snake. Its meat is moist and heavy, is
-vermifuge, and kills worms in the rectum; increases knowledge,
-strengthens the system. If the old skin when shed be bruised and
-applied to the eyes, it increases the strength of vision; and if burnt,
-and its ashes rubbed on parts where no hair grows, it will reproduce
-it. Snakes avoid its smell when burning, and if the whole skin be tied
-round the thigh of a woman in labor, it will facilitate the process. P.
-<i>Mar</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb92" href="#pb92" name=
-"pb92">92</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p542" class="par"><span class="parNum">542</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saal</span>.&mdash;The name of a common tree, the wood of which is
-generally useful. It is cool and astringent; cures disorders of wind,
-mucus, poisons, boils, eruptions, and is beneficial in burns. A.
-<i>Saage</i>.</p>
-<p id="p543" class="par"><span class="parNum">543</span> <span class=
-"sc">Satoon</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Chitoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p544" class="par"><span class="parNum">544</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sip Kullie</span>.&mdash;The Lizard. A. <i>Saamaberus</i>, P.
-<i>Chillpus&aelig;</i>. It does not frequent those places where saffron
-is kept. If split open and applied to a part where a thorn or arrow may
-have entered deep, it will effect its extraction by suction.</p>
-<p id="p545" class="par"><span class="parNum">545</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soopearee</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Areca Catechu.</i>&rdquo;
-Astringent, cool, dry, and heavy; cures disorders of mucus and bile,
-increases appetite; removes bad taste in the mouth; when fresh it is
-very heavy and produces flatulence; is diaphoretic; injures appetite
-and eyesight, and causes a prolonged retention of semen.</p>
-<p id="p546" class="par"><span class="parNum">546</span> <span class=
-"sc">Subskun</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Baraikund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p547" class="par"><span class="parNum">547</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutarie</span>.&mdash;The juice of the <i>Soopearee</i> tree; it
-strengthens the teeth and stomach, contracts the vagina, and cures
-leucorrh&oelig;a; it is intoxicating.</p>
-<p id="p548" class="par"><span class="parNum">548</span> <span class=
-"sc">Setoopula</span>.&mdash;A kind of sugar.</p>
-<p id="p549" class="par"><span class="parNum">549</span> <span class=
-"sc">Setawur</span>,&mdash;also <i>Setawurie</i> or <i>Shetawur</i>,
-vide S.</p>
-<p id="p550" class="par"><span class="parNum">550</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutputtrie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Roocha</i>, vide R.</p>
-<p id="p551" class="par"><span class="parNum">551</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sutsar</span>.&mdash;A kind of cucumber.</p>
-<p id="p552" class="par"><span class="parNum">552</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suteepulas</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kutchoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p553" class="par"><span class="parNum">553</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soocherakhar</span>.&mdash;The common <i>Sedjee</i>, (impure carb.
-of soda.) This name is given to the purer sorts. If 3 mashas be mixed
-with a cupful of dhaie, it is useful in cholicks. If mixed with lime
-juice, it is used to write on stone, and the stone placed on a slow
-fire as long as you can snap your fingers 100 times, and then taken
-off, when the writing will be found white and permanent. The physician
-<i>Nouruddee</i> has mentioned this to be the case.</p>
-<p id="p554" class="par"><span class="parNum">554</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sedarth</span>.&mdash;Pungent and bitter, hot and dry; cures
-disorders of mucus, itch, Juzam, apth&aelig;; is vermifuge, and
-promotes appetite, but causes diffusion of the bile in the blood, and
-its consequent disorders. The green leaves are heavy and cool. In my
-opinion they are hot, and obstruct the flow of urine, increase
-indigestion, and disorders of the three secretions. The above is a
-white kind of <i>Sersom</i>, the name taken from the Sanscrit.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb93" href="#pb93" name=
-"pb93">93</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p555" class="par"><span class="parNum">555</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sud Sohaung</span>.&mdash;The name of a red flower in India; its
-leaves three-cornered, serrated; it is cool, and beneficial in
-disorders from poisons, bile, blood; in dropsy and nausea; 3 mashas of
-this bruised and taken with water is useful in gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p556" class="par"><span class="parNum">556</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suda Khar</span>.&mdash;A salt from a grass, very hot, and is used
-for cleansing lardaceous matter from sores; it increases the opening in
-boils, but decreases strength.</p>
-<p id="p557" class="par"><span class="parNum">557</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sudaphill</span> or <i>Sudeephill</i>.&mdash;A name for
-<i>Bale</i>.</p>
-<p id="p558" class="par"><span class="parNum">558</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sudagolab</span>.&mdash;A flower like the rose. Its tree is larger
-than the rose-bush, and its flower has a different smell; it is always
-in flower, from which circumstance it derives its name. I have not seen
-this noticed in any other work of India, but it is probably the
-<i>Koocha</i>: q. v.</p>
-<p id="p559" class="par"><span class="parNum">559</span> <span class=
-"sc">Surphoka</span>.&mdash;A plant of India, about a yard in height or
-sometimes more. It is very common; it is also called <i>Joojer</i>, and
-is a kind of <i>Chirchirra Soorkh</i>. It is bitter, astringent, and
-light; cures disorders of the liver and spleen, boils and eruptions,
-and cough; is an antidote to poisons; useful in disorders of the blood,
-difficulty of breathing, and fever. I have found it very beneficial in
-clearing the blood, and useful in correcting bile, curing itch, lues,
-and other eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p560" class="par"><span class="parNum">560</span> <span class=
-"sc">Serje</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Saaje</i>. &ldquo;<i>Tectona
-grandis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p561" class="par"><span class="parNum">561</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooryalee</span>.&mdash;A plant about 6 feet high. I have seen it
-in <i>Hissar</i> in abundance; it grows in the rains and spreads over
-the sides of houses, its stem is then about an inch in diameter; its
-branches also thin, and of a bright red colour; its flowers are
-beautiful, white and red; when ripe it in some degree resembles wheat;
-its flowers are crooked. It is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p562" class="par"><span class="parNum">562</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirpund</span>.&mdash;Aperient; cures general swellings, and
-disorders of wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p563" class="par"><span class="parNum">563</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sericbans</span>.&mdash;Useful in mucous disorders and affections
-of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p564" class="par"><span class="parNum">564</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seriss</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mimosa Seris</i>,&rdquo; called
-also <i>Sereeka</i>; a very large tree of India. Its flowers have a
-sweet smell, and are very beautiful; it is cool, cures boils and
-eruptions, poisons, aches, and swellings. If a decoction of the leaves
-be taken internally in ophthalmia, and the juice of the leaves dropped
-into the eye, it <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb94" href="#pb94" name=
-"pb94">94</a>]</span>will be very useful, and this I have tried. The
-bark of the tree dried and pounded is excellent when sprinkled on foul
-ulcers, in which too it kills maggots. The smell of the flower is
-useful in head-aches and hemicrania, in cough and in jaundice. If the
-root of the white Seriss be kept in the mouth, it lengthens aphrodisia.
-Some have called this <i>Layetoolatees</i>. If the seeds be bruised
-with water, and this dropt into the eye, it will remove specks; the oil
-of the seed is also very effectual for this purpose.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Seriss is among the Indian physicians, hot and
-dry, and in the opinion of some cool and dry; it cures swellings and
-wind. If the bark of the stem, the bark of the root, with the flowers
-and seeds of each, 3 mashas, be bruised, sifted, and mixed with
-cow&rsquo;s urine, and taken thrice a day, it will cure the bite of a
-snake, and for one whole year no reptile will injure you. The bark of
-an aged tree is the best. When the sun shall be in the division Joura,
-if daily for three days, 6 mashas of the bark be taken in congee, it
-will render the person invulnerable to the bite of any noxious reptile
-for a year. If the oil be extracted by heat from the seeds, and applied
-to the white spots of leprosy, it will cure them.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p565" class="par"><span class="parNum">565</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirool</span>.&mdash;Bitter, hot, and light; cures affections of
-the throat, ear, eye, and disorders of wind.</p>
-<p id="p566" class="par"><span class="parNum">566</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirsom</span> or <i>Seerkup</i>. P. <i>Sirshuph</i>.&mdash;In
-India this is used to produce a very common oil; it is hot, and
-increases disorders of the mouth, and decreases mucus and semen; expels
-wind; is vermifuge, and if much be taken it will injure the eyesight;
-if a woman uses it during the lochial discharge, it will increase her
-strength and improve her complexion. One kind of this is white, and is
-called <i>Sedarth</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Sinapis Dichotoma</i>, (Roxb. MS.) Sp. ch.
-dichotomous, siliques cylindric, smooth, spreading, bark straight and
-tapering, leaves stem-clasping; the lower somewhat lyred, superior
-ovate, lanceolate, entire, all are smooth, as are also stem and
-branches.&rdquo; Roxb.</p>
-<p id="p567" class="par"><span class="parNum">567</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorunkitki</span>.&mdash;A kind of Ketki, like the
-<i>Sinobir</i>. It has twelve leaves or more in the flower, its scent
-is sweet and soft. The plant flowers only once in 6 or 7 years; both
-kinds are sweet, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb95" href="#pb95" name=
-"pb95">95</a>]</span>cool, bitter, pungent, and light, and cure
-disorders of mucus. The juice of the <i>Keora</i> is also used for the
-same purpose, and mixed with it, is cardiac. The <i>Ketki</i> is a
-variety of <i>Keora</i>.</p>
-<p id="p568" class="par"><span class="parNum">568</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sirunmaki</span>.&mdash;It is astringent, pungent, light,
-aphrodisiac and cardiac; cures Juzam, swellings of the body, piles,
-seminal weakness, pains in the urinary bladder, marasmus, disorders of
-the blood, and dropsy; is an antidote to poisons; cures hectic fever;
-clears the throat, and is an ingredient in all favorite
-formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p569" class="par"><span class="parNum">569</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seroopjeea</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Jeeaphup</i>.</p>
-<p id="p570" class="par"><span class="parNum">570</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seriepurnie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Arnee</i>, also called
-<i>Gumbar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p571" class="par"><span class="parNum">571</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seroopbudder</span>.&mdash;A name also of <i>Gumbar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p572" class="par"><span class="parNum">572</span> <span class=
-"sc">Surwalla</span>.&mdash;The name of a common shrub.</p>
-<p id="p573" class="par"><span class="parNum">573</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sussa</span>.&mdash;A name for the hare. The meat is sweet, cool,
-and light; induces costiveness, increases appetite, cures difficulty of
-breathing and sunpat, removes dysentery, and is both a medicine and
-article of diet.</p>
-<p id="p574" class="par"><span class="parNum">574</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suffrie Amer</span>.&mdash;The <i>Guava</i>, &ldquo;<i>Psidium
-pyriferum</i>.&rdquo; Vide <i>Anervade</i>.</p>
-<p id="p575" class="par"><span class="parNum">575</span> <span class=
-"sc">Segund Philla</span>.&mdash;A kind of date.</p>
-<p id="p576" class="par"><span class="parNum">576</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soogunass</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Arloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p577" class="par"><span class="parNum">577</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sillajeet</span>, also <i>Silladeet</i>, <i>Styrax</i> or
-<i>Storax</i>; a balsam, pungent, bitter, and stimulating, more pungent
-in digestion; hot, cures seminal weakness, piles from cold, Juzam,
-dropsy, marasmus, difficulty of breathing, tabes, idiotism, swellings
-of the body, disorders of mucus and blood. Is vermifuge, lithontriptic,
-and otherwise generally useful. It in one of the most powerful
-remedies; is stronger than any other ingredient in whatever
-formul&aelig; it may form a part, and it increases the effects of all
-others; it is the favorite medicine of all Indian physicians.</p>
-<p class="par"><i>Sut Sillajeet</i> is the strongest, for this means
-<i>Sillajeet</i> in a refined state. I have found it excellent in
-gonorrh&oelig;a, and for thickening the seminal fluid; also for
-strengthening the kidnies and urinary bladder. The mode of preparing
-it, is as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Sillajeet</i> is dissolved in water and placed in
-the sun in a new earthen vessel till it becomes thick, and its color
-assumes a reddish or yellowish hue; then it must be taken from the
-surface <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb96" href="#pb96" name=
-"pb96">96</a>]</span>as much as is clean, and preserved in another new
-vessel; this too is placed in the sun, well protected from dust, till
-it becomes dry. This is the <i>Sut Sillajeet</i>, and what remains in
-the first vessel is again purified in the same manner for three
-different times, and each time the pure drug is dried as above. It is
-easily purified by fire, and more quickly; but this is much to be
-preferred. It is brought from the hills ready prepared.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Sillajeet</i> is the urine of the hill wild
-goat, which when the animal is rutting, is discharged on the stones and
-evaporated by the sun&rsquo;s heat. It is found in small quantities, of
-a black color. It is hot in the 3rd, and dry in the 2nd degree. In the
-opinion of Indian physicians, it is useful in all kinds of seminal
-weakness, in swellings, in Juzam, epilepsy, diabetes, stone in the
-bladder, and in gravel. The <i>Sillajeet</i> is often mixed with lime,
-but the adulteration is discovered by the change of color. Some have
-said that it is the urine of the wild ass, found as above. The purified
-kind is the best. In Juzam, if ate for 40 days, it is a cure, and even
-in the last stages of the disease it is beneficial. It loosens wind and
-phlegm.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p578" class="par"><span class="parNum">578</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sillaruss</span>.&mdash;Hot and moist; increases eyesight and
-semen, and cures Juzam and itch. A. <i>Myasayela</i>.</p>
-<p id="p579" class="par"><span class="parNum">579</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooderphill</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, more black in
-color than the Hurr, of a square shape, and its corners of a red color;
-these, however, also become black from age; mixed with human milk and
-used as a cephalic, it will cause a discharge of all phlegm from the
-head. If mixed with the juice of the <i>Gooma</i>, it will cure
-hemicrania. The bark of the root is very efficacious in swellings of
-the hands and feet; and ate with salt and anise seed in warm water, it
-will be found excellent in pains of the bowels.</p>
-<p class="par">Some have named this <i>Hubbooneel</i>, but how far this
-is correct I know not.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Somoderphill</i> is hot and dry; if introduced
-into the nose with goat&rsquo;s milk or urine, it will cure head-ache,
-hemicrania, suppressed mucus, &amp;c. If mixed with goat&rsquo;s urine
-and applied to the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb97" href="#pb97"
-name="pb97">97</a>]</span>eyes, it will cure night blindness, and
-removes opacities in the cornea. Mixed with human urine, it is both ate
-and applied to the nose in bites of snakes, and with sheep&rsquo;s
-urine or buffaloe&rsquo;s dung is applied to the pubis in the cure of
-diabetes; mixed with turmeric, it is an useful application to the spots
-of white leprosy; with sugar, ate for the cure of seminal weakness;
-with aniseed, in pains of the bowels; with cow&rsquo;s urine, in
-hiccup; with <i>dhaie</i>, as an astringent; with ginger, in
-rheumatism; with human urine, in black jaundice; with cow&rsquo;s
-urine, in mesenteric obstructions of children; and for those who are
-dull of hearing, mixed with <i>Bhangra</i> or honey, as an application
-to the inside of the ear. In restrained or obstructed lochia, or
-retention of the placenta, with asaf&oelig;tida; and with cloves and
-sugar, in intermittent fever.<span class="corr" id="xd24e8768" title=
-"Not in source">&rdquo;</span></p>
-<p id="p580" class="par"><span class="parNum">580</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooder Phane</span>.&mdash;<span class="sc">Sponge.</span></p>
-<p id="p581" class="par"><span class="parNum">581</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somooder Lone</span>.&mdash;<i>Murias Sod&aelig;.</i> The sea
-salt; it is sweet and bitter, hot and cool, in equal degrees; tonic,
-anthelmintic, purgative; promotes appetite and digestion, cures
-disorders of wind, and corrects irregularities of bile and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p582" class="par"><span class="parNum">582</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somoodersake</span>.&mdash;<i>Convolvulus Argenteus</i>, also
-<i>Ruttunmala</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i><span class="corr" id="xd24e8807" title=
-"Source: Maadentezurrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span></i>.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;A seed like the mustard; black and aperient, cool
-and <span class="corr" id="xd24e8812" title=
-"Source: mois">moist</span>, in the 1st degree; is aphrodisiac;
-strengthens the stomach, removes heat of urine, gonorrh&oelig;a,
-thinness of semen, the secretion of which it thickens and increases. It
-is astringent, and produces flatulence. Its corrector is sugar; its
-succed. <i>Sireyara</i>: dose six mashas.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p583" class="par"><span class="parNum">583</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungtirra</span>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Ayeen Akberry</i>
-calls it <i>Sontirra</i>. A fruit of India of great esteem; it is of a
-yellowish red color, in shape like the apple, but larger. Its rind is
-fine, soft, and smooth, like the Sylhet orange, which it in all
-respects much resembles. It is large, sweet, and acid. There are
-different names for the different kinds of oranges, but this is the
-largest and best. It is in my opinion cool, cardiac, drying; allays
-heat and thirst, and prevents the ill effects of wind, loosens phlegm
-and bile, strengthens the stomach; is very grateful when ate with
-sugar; and its acid is less hurtful than many others. I <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb98" href="#pb98" name="pb98">98</a>]</span>have
-known a man of a bilious temperament, who told me that he always found
-relief from the use of this orange. The emperor was in the habit of
-eating it in <i>Pilaus</i>, when sweetened with sugar and rose-water,
-and thus used, he called it Rahut Jahn. It is thus rendered more
-cooling and more grateful to the taste. He also ate it when cooled in
-ice, and found it useful in giving tone to the stomach. The people of
-India use it with their food. If ate after having been sprinkled with a
-little salt, its acid will have less effect on the teeth, mouth, and
-throat; this however, can only be necessary when unripe or not of the
-best kind. &ldquo;Many more trivial properties are ascribed to this
-orange in the original, which would only be waste of time and paper to
-record.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>Trans.</i> It is said to be hurtful in coughs,
-and colds.</p>
-<p id="p584" class="par"><span class="parNum">584</span> <span class=
-"sc">Singhara</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Trapa natuns.</i>&rdquo;
-&ldquo;<i>Trapa Bispinosa.</i>&rdquo; A common triangular water-nut,
-like the <i>hermodactyls</i>; it is the produce of ponds or reservoirs
-of water. When green and unripe, it is pleasantest to the taste; when
-ripe, it becomes hard, and when dried, more so; it is much employed in
-aphrodisiac formul&aelig;. It is sweet, cool, and heavy; cures bilious
-disorders, and those of blood; removes heat of the body, restrains
-laxities in the bowels, and increases semen. It is generally liked and
-universally eaten.</p>
-<p id="p585" class="par"><span class="parNum">585</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sindoorie</span>.&mdash;A name for Sud&aacute; Soh&aacute;gun.</p>
-<p id="p586" class="par"><span class="parNum">586</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkaholie</span>.&mdash;A small plant, with very thin branches
-like common grass; its leaves are very small; it is a creeper on the
-ground; its flower white and small, and looks very beautiful in the
-evenings or in moonlight nights. It is astringent, hot, and moist;
-aperient and aphrodisiac; increases memory, understanding, and
-perception, and likewise discrimination; cures seminal weakness, and
-forms an ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;; cures
-gonorrh&oelig;a; and I have often used the bark of its root as an
-aphrodisiac and for increasing the consistence of semen. Some have
-called this <i>Soorch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p587" class="par"><span class="parNum">587</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunn</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Crotalaria Juncea.</i>&rdquo; A
-plant, the bark of which is used as hemp; it is usually sown around
-cotton fields. It is of two kinds, the second called <i>Rasni</i>. It
-is pungent and acid, and its leaves are used as a culinary vegetable;
-it is cool, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb99" href="#pb99" name=
-"pb99">99</a>]</span>heavy, and astringent. Its flower is used as an
-astringent in lochial discharge.</p>
-<p id="p588" class="par"><span class="parNum">588</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkh</span>.&mdash;A white shell of a very large size; cool,
-light; strengthens the eye-sight, cures mucous disorders, and those of
-bile and blood. A. <i>Hulzoom</i>. There is a small kind called
-<i>Cowrie</i>; if this be burnt and calcined, it will quickly dry up
-sores by being sprinkled over them.</p>
-<p id="p589" class="par"><span class="parNum">589</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sebaloo</span>.&mdash;or <i>Sebalie</i>, or <i>Nindee</i>, see N.
-<i>Vitex Trifolia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p590" class="par"><span class="parNum">590</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sindoor</span>.&mdash;The red oxide of lead, used externally.
-&ldquo;<i>Sindoora</i>, S.&rdquo; Hot; cures acne and Juzam, and
-disorders of poison, boils, and eruptions; clears wounds; promotes the
-junction of broken bones. The ointment of this is very excellent in
-sores. The receipt is to be found in many other works.</p>
-<p id="p591" class="par"><span class="parNum">591</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soomboolkhar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>The white Oxide of
-Arsenic.</i>&rdquo; It is white and like alum in color; it ought to be
-chosen thus: when rubbed on a crow&rsquo;s feather and put over the
-fire, if it does not smoke, and the feather becomes white, it is good.
-A. <i>Toorabalhalik</i>. There are six kinds of this, one named
-<i>Sunkia</i>, the third <i>Godunta</i>, the fourth <i>Darma</i>, the
-fifth <i>Huldia</i>; but each will be noticed under its own proper
-head. The Yunani physicians do not allow this to form a part of their
-prescriptions, as they believe it destroys the vital principle; and
-such medicines as are deleterious in their effects, such as opium, they
-always exhibit with correctors, for this reason such remedies are
-seldom noticed or used by them. The physicians of India, on the
-contrary, find these drugs more effectual in many disorders than others
-of less power, and such the calx of metals. For this reason too, I am
-in the habit of seldom giving these remedies internally, but I usually
-confine my use of them to external application, and as aphrodisiacs,
-which I prescribe to a few friends, who may have derived no benefit
-from Yunani prescriptions. It is better, however, to use as few of them
-as possible. The sixth kind is <i>Hurtaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p592" class="par"><span class="parNum">592</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkia</span>.&mdash;A kind of arsenic.</p>
-<p id="p593" class="par"><span class="parNum">593</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sunkhal</span>.&mdash;A species of <i>Bindaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p594" class="par"><span class="parNum">594</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungjerahut</span>.&mdash;It obtains its name from being useful in
-wounds. Throughout India it is also known by the name of
-<i>Sungderaz</i>. It is a stone of very soft consistence; cool and
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb100" href="#pb100" name=
-"pb100">100</a>]</span>light; beneficial in fever, bile, asthma, pains
-in the chest, flatulence, and laxities in the bowels; and when used in
-ointment, dries up ulcerated parts, removes pain, and acts as an
-absorbent in the stomach and bowels. I have found it by experience to
-be extremely useful in the before-mentioned complaints, also in
-diarrh&oelig;a; in Hindostan it is called <i>Surkoola</i>.</p>
-<p id="p595" class="par"><span class="parNum">595</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sungjoothka</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Jui</i>; having a white
-flower.</p>
-<p id="p596" class="par"><span class="parNum">596</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorinjoothka</span>.&mdash;Also a name for the above; having a
-yellow flower.</p>
-<p id="p597" class="par"><span class="parNum">597</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sonamukie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Marka sheesha</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Marcasite</i> stone.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p598" class="par"><span class="parNum">598</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooroon</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Baharkund</i>, called
-<i>Zemeekund</i>. A root, resembling a turtle, used in India as
-pickles; it is dressed with meat, and also used by itself; it is dry,
-light, and stomachic; useful in disorders of <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e9032" title="Source: phelgm">phlegm</span> and piles; it produces
-eruptions from diffusion of bile, and some have called it difficult of
-digestion. Those who are in a reduced state, or have weak stomachs, had
-better not eat more than 20 direms. To my knowledge, it is much used in
-piles; it is said to be beneficial in cholics and pains in the bowels.
-It increases bile; and is hurtful in disorders of blood; it is also
-injurious to the throat. Its correctors are fresh <i>dhaie</i>, and
-being parboiled in water and the water changed. It may also be
-corrected by being boiled with tamarind or anula leaves. Enclosed in
-clay and roasted in an oven, the outer rind pulled off, it will be
-found less hurtful; in any other manner it irritates the throat. If
-used in powder, it must be skinned and dried in the shade; one kind of
-it is white inside, and of a purple color externally. A third is white
-on both sides; the former is the strongest: it is also named
-<i>Soorunsona</i>.</p>
-<p id="p599" class="par"><span class="parNum">599</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soombullie</span>.&mdash;Pungent and bitter, cures disorders of
-wind and mucus, and is an ingredient in favorite formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p600" class="par"><span class="parNum">600</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soos</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The <i>Porpus Delphinus</i>.&rdquo; Its
-flesh is moist and heavy, cures disorders of wind, and increases semen
-and mucus. P. <i>Khookmai&eacute;</i>. A. <i>Delphine</i>. The author
-of the <i>Echtyarat</i> has described this as a large fish of a black
-color, with a head like that of the hog. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb101" href="#pb101" name="pb101">101</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p601" class="par"><span class="parNum">601</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suer</span>.&mdash;See <i>Kual</i>.</p>
-<p id="p602" class="par"><span class="parNum">602</span> <span class=
-"sc">Suwa</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is cool, dry, light, and astringents;
-useful in bruises; cures phlegm, cough, and hectic fever. A.
-<i>Begha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p603" class="par"><span class="parNum">603</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soopee</span>.&mdash;Any kind of fried pea, deprived of its
-shell.</p>
-<p id="p604" class="par"><span class="parNum">604</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sona</span>.&mdash;A precious metal; cool, heavy, and aphrodisiac;
-beneficial as an antidote to poisons, and in repressing the three
-secretions; used in mania, fever, and dryness; clears the complexion,
-and is an ingredient in all favorite formul&aelig;. When prepared for
-use, it is called <i>Mirganick</i>.</p>
-<p id="p605" class="par"><span class="parNum">605</span> <span class=
-"sc">Somph</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Aniseed, <i>Pimpinella
-Anisum</i>.&rdquo; One kind of it is called <i>Seethka</i>, the other
-<i>Sowa</i>; the former means the largest kind; both are bitter, sweet,
-hot, and light; improves appetite; cure affections of wind and mucus;
-useful in cholic, boils, eruptions, and all disorders of the eyes, and
-increases bile. One kind, the latter, is used for disorders of females.
-A. <i>Razeena</i>. P. <i>Valanbuzury</i>.</p>
-<p id="p606" class="par"><span class="parNum">606</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sonth</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Amomum Zingiber.</i>&rdquo; The
-dried root; moist and light; sweet during digestion, and hot; promotes
-appetite and digestion; allays vomiting, cures difficulty of breathing,
-cough, itch, affections of the heart, swellings of the scrotum, and
-swellings in general; rheumatic pains in the joints, pains of the
-urinary bladder, piles, and flatulence, and clears the voice. Pills
-made of <i>Sonth</i> are very generally beneficial, and the result of
-my experience I have published at full in my other works.</p>
-<p id="p607" class="par"><span class="parNum">607</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sowa</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Shibbet</i>. P. <i>Wallankhoord</i>. Hot,
-dry, and aperient; its smell soporific; its leaves hurtful to the
-stomach. The seed Dill. <i>Anethum Sowa</i>, Roxb.</p>
-<p id="p608" class="par"><span class="parNum">608</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soonchur</span>.&mdash;A name for the salt <i>Soonchur</i>, also
-Soonchill.</p>
-<p id="p609" class="par"><span class="parNum">609</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorjemooki</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Adittbaqut</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Helianthus Annuus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p610" class="par"><span class="parNum">610</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooderie</span>.&mdash;Its smell is strong and penetrating, like
-an animal in the rutting season; pungent and hot; beneficial in wind
-and fever, and clears the voice; the black kind is used in various
-formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p611" class="par"><span class="parNum">611</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soubustanee</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Valanchoord</i>.</p>
-<p id="p612" class="par"><span class="parNum">612</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sooe Junglie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Pitpapra</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb102" href="#pb102" name=
-"pb102">102</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p613" class="par"><span class="parNum">613</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soonkullie</span>.&mdash;A shrub hurtful to animals.</p>
-<p id="p614" class="par"><span class="parNum">614</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sowall</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Thaleeb</i>. Cool; improves the
-color of the skin; cures remittents, and a little of it introduced into
-the parts of both sexes, useful in gonorrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p615" class="par"><span class="parNum">615</span> <span class=
-"sc">Soorudjjhall</span>&mdash;A name for <i>Lootooperie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p616" class="par"><span class="parNum">616</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohora</span>.&mdash;Cures affections of blood and mucus, and
-restrains laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p617" class="par"><span class="parNum">617</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sahunserbede</span>.&mdash;A soft stone, of a dark-red color; cool
-and dry in the second degree; used by Indian physicians in disorders of
-blood, in laxatives from indigestion, acne, boils, psora, and infantile
-eruptions; given with milk or butter to the quantity from two to four
-soorkhs.</p>
-<p id="p618" class="par"><span class="parNum">618</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohunjena</span>.&mdash;or <i>Sahinjena</i>, or <i>Sajena</i>, or
-<i>Sekir</i>. &ldquo;<i>Hyperanthera morunga</i>, W. <i>Sobhanjana</i>,
-S. <i>Guilandina moringa</i>. The root of the tree scraped exactly
-resembles horse-radish, and is used as such in all parts of India. It
-is a rubifacient, and useful as a stimulant.&rdquo; A tree common in
-India; hot and light; useful in disorders of the eyes; creates
-appetite; restrains diarrh&oelig;a, cures disorders of wind, mucus,
-acne, and swellings of the body, affections of the spleen, boils, and
-eruptions, and cleanses the blood. It is of three kinds; the second
-kind, which is red, is said to be aperient and astringent; in other
-properties the same. Its flower is heavy and astringent; cures
-disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and increases the wind. The
-people of India use its flowers as a pickle in oil, and my father used
-to recommend this pickle to those of a cold temperament, but it is
-prejudicial to the eyes; it is thus prepared:</p>
-<p class="par">The flowers are put into water for a day, and washed; a
-little mustard seed added, and the whole put into <i>serson</i> oil.
-This pickle is less hot than the plant. Pickle made from the root,
-removes wind; the leaves bruised and applied to ulcers, cleans and
-heals them.</p>
-<p id="p619" class="par"><span class="parNum">619</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sahidei</span>.&mdash;A plant about half a yard in height; its
-leaves like the <i>Toolsi</i>, cool and moist; useful in suppressed
-wind, fever, pains in the limbs, swellings of the throat; its use
-increases the complexion and volume of blood. It is used for killing
-mercury. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb103" href="#pb103" name=
-"pb103">103</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p620" class="par"><span class="parNum">620</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sohaga</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Tunkhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p621" class="par"><span class="parNum">621</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sembill</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bombax Heptaphyllum.</i>
-Silk-cotton Tree.&rdquo; A large tree of India; its leaves like the
-Jamin, but broader and more long, about half the breadth of the peepul
-and twice the length; in thickness, color, and mark, the same. Its
-flowers resemble the <i>Bukaen</i> when small, but when more advanced,
-it becomes more like the <i>goolur</i>, and when full grown, the
-flowers are as large as a large lime. It then spreads and becomes red;
-after this it again closes; the flower then falls, and leaves the seed
-vessel. The capsule is twice as large as that of the <i>Mudar</i>, and
-when ripe, is filled with cotton. I have ate of the flower when at its
-middle growth, and found it pleasant to the taste, but it produces
-flatulence. It is cool and aphrodisiac; induces corpulence; is
-astringent, and cures boils and eruptions, Juzam, and disorders of the
-blood and bile: some call its gum <i>Moocherus</i>, the author of the
-Topha for instance; but <i>Moocherus</i> is the gum or flower of the
-Phoopul tree. In the opinion of the physicians of India, the Sembill is
-a powerful medicine as an aphrodisiac. If the juice of the root be made
-into sherbet with equal part of sugar, it will increase age by
-restoring the vital energy, increase understanding and semen; the
-larger and older the tree, and the thicker the root, the greater its
-strength as a medicine. The small roots are cut into slices, dried on a
-rope, and sold; in this state, it resembles <i>Bhamun Soorkh</i>.</p>
-<p class="par">Ascetics have said, that the perpendicular root of a
-large full grown Sembill tree, cut in pieces, dried and reduced to a
-powder is powerfully aphrodisiac, in the quantity of 4 direms daily. I
-have taken this powder to the quantity of one tolah with sugar, and
-have also prescribed it with advantage; it strengthens the stomach, and
-is gently laxative. If given with honey, I conceive that its virtues
-will be increased. The author of the celebrated work <i>Ahmed Ben
-Shirazee</i> has told the following story, which I shall relate as
-nearly as may be in his own words. &ldquo;I was,&rdquo; says he,
-&ldquo;on a journey, when coming to a village in India, and being very
-thirsty, I met an old man from whom I requested water to drink; I
-observed that this old man had a peculiarly healthy appearance, and
-seemed plump and stout; he had a young woman <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb104" href="#pb104" name="pb104">104</a>]</span>with
-him, whom he sent to his house for water, and who brought it me to
-drink. I then asked him whether that young girl was his daughter; he
-laughing answered that she was his wife, and that he had three others
-equally young. I was somewhat surprised at this, and asked him if this
-was not too many for him; he replied no! More and more astonished, I
-asked him if this was really the case; he avowed it to be so. I then
-questioned him how he came to be endowed with so much strength, and how
-old he was; he told me that his age was 110 years, and related the
-following facts: That when 50 years&rsquo; old he had already become
-aged and feeble, and was so much decayed in constitution, that he
-seldom rose from his bed, and when he did so, was obliged to support
-himself on a crutch. That a fakeer passing that way observed his feeble
-state, and feeling compassion for his helpless situation, asked him
-what ailed him: he replied, nothing; but that old age had come upon
-him. The fakeer then gave him a medicine which he had taken ever since,
-with an injunction to abstain from all acids: this he had done, and
-that the effect was such as I saw. He likewise told me that he had a
-son nearly 80 years of age, who had also used the fakeer&rsquo;s
-prescription, and who was much stouter and more healthy in every
-respect than he.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Astonished at this relation, I procured the
-receipt, and thus hand it down to posterity.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;Take the white roots of a full grown, healthy
-Sembill tree, which is soft; cut them in pieces, dry them in the shade,
-and reduce them to a powder: sift it very fine, with equal parts of
-sugar, and over the fire, form it into an electuary: of this 5 direms
-are to be eaten daily, and no acid to be used.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;To this the old man swore, and brought his son
-and introduced him to me to prove the truth of his story. The son
-corroborated the assertion of his father, and added that he had ate the
-remedy only two years, when he became as he then was; certain it is, he
-had not a grey hair in his head.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p622" class="par"><span class="parNum">622</span> <span class=
-"sc">Semb</span>.&mdash;also S&eacute;me. A common creeper; its leaves
-very green and small, broad in the centre and pointed: a smaller leaf
-rising from the same part of the stem; its flower is small and of a
-yellowish color. Its seed is like the pistachio nut, but more broad
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb105" href="#pb105" name=
-"pb105">105</a>]</span>and longer in some degree, like the stone of the
-tamarind; it is called B&aacute;kl&aacute; Hindui; it is cool,
-astringent, flatulent, and from its astringency strengthens the
-stomach; is aphrodisiac; cures bilious disorders; increases mucus, and
-the Hindoos have recommended it for the cure of wind; but in this I do
-not concur, as it is rather apt to produce wind; they are however in
-the habit of recommending all medicines that procure a discharge of
-flatus. One kind is called <i>Golesemb</i>, also called
-<i>Krishnphilla</i>; its seed is larger and longer than the one now
-described; it is hot, and cures disorders of wind, bile, and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p623" class="par"><span class="parNum">623</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sehoond</span>.&mdash;A prickly plant, growing wild. A.
-<i>Zakoom</i>. It is so called, but the seed of the Zakoom is said to
-be like the Hurr, whereas the Sehoond has no seed; it is pungent,
-heavy, laxative; increases appetite, cures dropsy; is an antidote to
-poison, useful in affections of the spleen, Juzam, idiotism, marasmus,
-and itchiness of the bowels, flatulent swellings, badgola, swellings in
-general, and is lithontriptic. The best kind is red or of a rose color;
-its milk is also red, but if put on a cloth it becomes white. All kinds
-of it are used in transmutation of metals. There are several kinds in
-use for various purposes, the juice is an ingredient in many
-formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p id="p624" class="par"><span class="parNum">624</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sisoo</span> or <i>Sishum</i>, and another kind called
-<i>Rusispa</i>. It is a very common tree of Hindostan, large like the
-Jamin, and its wood is durable and excellent; it is not readily
-attacked by insects nor liable to decay. If cut down when the moon is
-in the wane, no insect will ever touch it; its leaves are small and
-round, a little inclining to oval, with very little point, like the
-leaf of the Semb. Its seed-vessel is light, and contains only two or
-three seeds; it is about half an inch long; both kinds of the tree are
-hot, and reduce corpulency. It also causes abortions; cures Juzam and
-white leprosy; is vermifuge; removes pains in the urinary bladder;
-useful in boils, eruptions, heat of body, disorders of the blood and
-mucus, and allays vomiting. It is particularly useful in disorders of
-the blood and cuticular eruptions; this is a favorite wood among
-Europeans. It is also useful in Lues Venerea, and is thus used: one and
-half masha of the filings of the centre or dark-colored wood is boiled
-in 3/4 pound of water, till only one-half shall remain, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb106" href="#pb106" name="pb106">106</a>]</span>then
-strain and drink with the following plain sherbet: the same quantity
-repeated in the evening, and every five or six days. The sherbet of
-Morukub mixed or drank with it. This must be repeated for 14, or 21, or
-40 days.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Receipt for the plain Sherbet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Filings of the wood, a pound, infused in 12 lbs. of
-river water, for 24 hours, then boiled, and when half is evaporated,
-strain and add to it 3 rittals of sugar (23 ounces), and preserve for
-use. Six tolahs to be taken morning and evening, with the decoction
-above specified. If this is required of additional strength, four
-tolahs of Pitpapra is to be added when the decoction is nearly
-complete.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Receipt for the mixed Sherbet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">When the above sherbet is nearly ready for use, add to
-it Soorinjan (Hermodactyls), Irkhir (Camel&rsquo;s hay), each three
-tolahs and 9 mashas, separately bruised, strained, and gradually mixed;
-when fully boiled add 10 tolahs of senna, and take it from the fire. If
-this is required of additional virtue for the cure of foulness of the
-blood and Lues Venerea, add four tolahs of the Pitpapra before the
-others are mixed with it. Ten tolahs of this in the morning is to be
-used as before specified. No food to be used during the cure, except
-kullia, pillau, and bread; no acid to be admitted, and no greens of any
-description, and the day on which the mixed sherbet is taken, even
-bread is not to be eaten. &ldquo;<i>Dalbergia Sissoo.</i>
-Roxb.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p625" class="par"><span class="parNum">625</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sial</span> &ldquo;<i>The Jackal.</i>&rdquo; Its flesh strengthens
-the system, increases semen, cures disorders of wind and hectic fever.
-A. <i>Ebn&aacute;&aacute;vee</i>. P. <i>Sheghal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p626" class="par"><span class="parNum">626</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sendhi</span>.&mdash;The juice of the date tree; this is less
-powerful than the tarrie; it is flatulent and aperient; induces
-corpulency, and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p627" class="par"><span class="parNum">627</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sendh&aelig;</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kutcherie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p628" class="par"><span class="parNum">628</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sealie</span>.&mdash;The wild carrot, long and cone-shaped. A.
-<i>Shakakul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p629" class="par"><span class="parNum">629</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seenaki</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Karoonus Soombul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p630" class="par"><span class="parNum">630</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seenku</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shummie</i>, vide Sh.</p>
-<p id="p631" class="par"><span class="parNum">631</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seotie</span> vide <i>Kurkooja</i>. &ldquo;<i>Rosa
-glandulifera.</i> Roxb.&rdquo; <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb107"
-href="#pb107" name="pb107">107</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p632" class="par"><span class="parNum">632</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seelidj</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Ch&eacute;reela</i>, which
-grows in stony places or near water; it has a sweet smell; is bitter
-and cool, cures mucous and bilious disorders, heat, thirst, vomiting,
-and asthmas.</p>
-<p id="p633" class="par"><span class="parNum">633</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seep</span> or <i>Seepie</i>. A name for <i>Suduf</i> (a shell).
-It is pungent, shining, and promotes digestion and appetite,
-strengthens the system, and is an antidote to poisons.</p>
-<p id="p634" class="par"><span class="parNum">634</span> <span class=
-"sc">Saeb</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Tuffah</i>. In Yunani works, the
-Indian kind is called <i>Harara</i> or <i>Seoharara</i>; it is cardiac,
-and its preserve is more so; it is aphrodisiac, and produces
-flatulence; when unripe it is acid and astringent, and hurtful,
-produces cough and decreases bile. Its corrector is salt.</p>
-<p id="p635" class="par"><span class="parNum">635</span> <span class=
-"sc">Seetaphill</span>.&mdash;The common <i>Shereefa</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p636" class="par"><span class="parNum">636</span> <span class=
-"sc">Singia</span> or <i>Singia Jur</i>, (Aconite.) A root like
-Gentian, but a most deadly poison, and as such used by the Nepaulese.
-It is also called <i>Singia Khar</i> or <i>Beechnak</i>. It is
-described in several works as a most active poison, and not to be given
-by itself even in the smallest quantity. It is made up for internal use
-as follows:</p>
-<p class="par">Take of quicksilver, <i>Singia</i>, <i>Hurtaal</i>
-(refined), chillies, sulphur (purified), <i>Peepul</i>, fine ginger,
-<i>Hurrha</i>, (large) <i>Anula</i>, borax (refined), <i>Bahera</i>,
-nutmeg, each a pice weight.</p>
-<p class="par">Mix the quicksilver and sulphur together with a little
-of the juice of the <i>Bhangra</i>, then add the Hurtaal, rubbing them
-well, and add all the others, with more of the juice of the Bhangra,
-till 10 pint bottles or five seers shall be expended; this and these
-must be rubbed continually during 12 days, and till it acquires the
-consistence of a mass proper for pills. It is then to be made up into
-small pills of the size of a small pea each. These are given one for a
-dose, with the following vehicles, and in the cure of the following
-disorders; and during their exhibition, only simple food, and no acid
-to be used.</p>
-<div class="par">
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">With</td>
-<td class="cellTop">Kutkuleja leaves, in</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Vomiting, Cholera, &amp;c.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Cow&rsquo;s urine, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Diarrh&oelig;a.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Toolsi leaves,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Internal heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Lime juice, and applied to the eyes,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Evil spirits depart.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Kusskuss water, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bilious disorders.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Tirphilla and ginger, in</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Asthma. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb108"
-href="#pb108" name="pb108">108</a>]</span></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">With</td>
-<td>Seed of Methi infusion,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dysentery.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Honey,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Emaciation.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Ditto, to thicken</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Semen.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Butch, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Tooth-ache.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Pounded Kusskuss,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Dropsy.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Nutmeg,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Rheumatism from wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Onion Juice,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bites of snakes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Infus. of Adjwain,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Thirst.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="noteref" id="n108.1src" href="#n108.1" name=
-"n108.1src">1</a>Juice of Kussownda,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Radish juice,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Offensive breath.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="pseudonoteref" href="#n108.1">1</a>Soopearie juice,
-(rubbed,)</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Cholicks of children.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Gopie earth,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Strangury.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Cow&rsquo;s Ghee,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bites of snakes.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Root of Semel tree,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Every thing.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Old Goor,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Internal heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td><a class="pseudonoteref" href="#n108.1">1</a>Eleachee,
-(Guzerathee,)</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Intermittents.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Mugrela and salt,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Indigestion.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Doob grass,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Diarrh&oelig;a.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Mace, externally in</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Night blindness.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Goonchee, in the cure of</td>
-<td class="cellRight">General Rheumatism.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td>Pith of Bela,</td>
-<td class="cellRight">Vertigo.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellBottom">
-<table class="ditto">
-<tr class="s">
-<td>With</td>
-</tr>
-<tr class="d">
-<td>,,</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</td>
-<td class="cellBottom">Water of burnt wheat,</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Sunpat.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="footnotes">
-<hr class="fnsep">
-<div class="footnote-body">
-<p class="par footnote"><span class="label"><a class="noteref" id=
-"n108.1" href="#n108.1src" name="n108.1">1</a></span> Often tried with
-effect.&nbsp;<a class="fnarrow" href="#n108.1src">&uarr;</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e9834" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">SHEEN</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p637" class="par first"><span class="parNum">637</span>
-<span class="sc">Shaldan</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice, in virtue like
-the <i>Saatie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p638" class="par"><span class="parNum">638</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shalook</span>.&mdash;The root of the <i>Kawul</i> flower, q.
-v.</p>
-<p id="p639" class="par"><span class="parNum">639</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shubbe</span>.&mdash;<i>Polyanthes Tuberosa.</i> The name of a
-common flower, which has a strong scent in the night; it is of several
-kinds, white, yellow, red, and yellowish red. It is hot and dry in the
-second degree; three direms taken in water, is diuretic, and also
-useful in suppression of the menses. It expedites the delivery of the
-dead f&oelig;tus and of the placenta. Its smell expels mucus from the
-brain and collections of wind. In those of a hot temperament it
-produces head-ache. Its corrector is oil of roses, vinegar, or its own
-oil; the latter is very beneficial both externally and internally used,
-and possesses all the beneficial properties attributed to the flower.
-An unguent composed of this, Akirkirrha, and Tokhur Unjeera, applied to
-the loins, is very beneficial in the <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb109" href="#pb109" name="pb109">109</a>]</span>two cases mentioned
-above, and is used both externally and internally in complaints of the
-uterus, also in rheumatism.</p>
-<p id="p640" class="par"><span class="parNum">640</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shutawur</span>.&mdash;A name for the root of a tree in the
-jungles, of a prickly kind; its stem and branches are thin, with many
-smaller ones, about an inch or two inches long in the intervals. Its
-leaves are very thin and small, somewhat like the Fir tree. The tree
-itself grows to the height of 9 or 10 feet; its seed resembles the
-Anboo Saleb. It is sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; cures disorders of
-wind, mucus, bile, and blood, also swellings of the body. It is
-aphrodisiac; increases the secretion of milk, and is an ingredient in
-celebrated formul&aelig;. For increasing the consistence of semen, and
-as an aphrodisiac, I have found its conserve and powder of great use.
-One kind of it is called Kalinta, another Maha Shutawuri; they are
-cool; cure piles and laxities from indigested food, disorders of the
-eyes; are cardiac, aphrodisiac, and increase knowledge.</p>
-<p id="p641" class="par"><span class="parNum">641</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shitawuballie</span>.&mdash;A kind of sugar, which cures eruptions
-from diffused bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p642" class="par"><span class="parNum">642</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shereefa</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Seetaphill</i>. It is sweet
-and cardiac; increases semen and removes depression of spirits. If the
-kernel of the seed, in the quantity of one direm, and <i>dhaie</i>,
-half rittal, be bruised together and rubbed over the body, in cures of
-itch, left to dry, and the same repeated several times, the itch will
-be cured; this I have found to be the case; tried and found effectual.
-&ldquo;Annona squamosa.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p643" class="par"><span class="parNum">643</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shuftaloo</span>.&mdash;A common fruit of India. Its tree like the
-Aroo. It is heavy, slow of digestion, cool, but less so than the Aroo;
-when unripe it is sour. The best is sweet when ripe.</p>
-<p id="p644" class="par"><span class="parNum">644</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shukur Javan</span>.&mdash;Cool; expels wind; strengthens the
-system; decreases bile, wind, and mucus. A. <i>Toorunjabeen</i>.</p>
-<p id="p645" class="par"><span class="parNum">645</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shukur Kund</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Convolvulus Batatas.&rdquo; A
-common culinary root, sweet and a little hot, and heavy, aphrodisiac,
-increases semen, and strengthens the brain.</p>
-<p id="p646" class="par"><span class="parNum">646</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shumie</span>.&mdash;Commonly called Seenkur; cool, light, and
-soft; cures difficulty of respiration, Juzam, piles, disorders of
-mucus. The dried fruit increases knowledge, causes bile, and the growth
-of hair. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb110" href="#pb110" name=
-"pb110">110</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p647" class="par"><span class="parNum">647</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shunphopee</span>.&mdash;A kind of Baer; is emetic, and
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e9936" title=
-"Source: benefical">beneficial</span> in disorders of mucus and
-bile.</p>
-<p id="p648" class="par"><span class="parNum">648</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shungirf</span>.&mdash;The red sulphuret of mercury. A.
-<i>Shingerf</i>; sweet and bitter; useful in fever and mucus, also
-fever from excess of mucus, wind and bile. It is called also
-<i>Ingoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p649" class="par"><span class="parNum">649</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sholie</span>.&mdash;A name for wild turmeric; pungent, sweet, and
-bitter; increases appetite, but vitiates taste.</p>
-<p id="p650" class="par"><span class="parNum">650</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shora</span>.&mdash;Nitras Potass&aelig;. Nitrate of Potash.
-<i>Yavakshara</i>, S. A. <i>Ubkur</i>. Aperient; increases bile. In the
-Dhara Shekoi, it is said, that one dram of Shora, of the refined sort,
-pounded and enclosed in two plantains for a night, and given in
-affections of the spleen and Badgola, and repeated for three or four
-days, will cure the disease. If bruised and applied to piles, it will
-remove them. As a refrigerant and diuretic in gonorrh&oelig;a, I have
-found it very beneficial. It has been given in suppression of urine to
-the <i>Emperor Akber</i>, with great success.</p>
-<p id="p651" class="par"><span class="parNum">651</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shetoot</span>.&mdash;A name for the mulberry.</p>
-<p id="p652" class="par"><span class="parNum">652</span> <span class=
-"sc">Shehut</span>.&mdash;Also Shehud. A. <i>Assil</i>,
-&ldquo;Honey.&rdquo; Vide Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p653" class="par"><span class="parNum">653</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheeta</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Doob</i> grass.</p>
-<p id="p654" class="par"><span class="parNum">654</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheesha</span>.&mdash;Resembling Kaley in properties. A.
-<i>Asserab</i>.</p>
-<p id="p655" class="par"><span class="parNum">655</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheeshum</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Seeshum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p656" class="par"><span class="parNum">656</span> <span class=
-"sc">Sheobogun</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bael</i>, from the word
-<i>Mahadeo</i>, who is called &ldquo;<i>Sheo</i>,&rdquo; and
-<i>Bogun</i>, which signifies &ldquo;ornament.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e10041" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">AIN</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p657" class="par first"><span class="parNum">657</span>
-<span class="sc">Abbasie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Mirabilis Jalappa, W.
-<i>Gul Abbas</i>, H. The root is a mild and efficient purgative, equal,
-if not superior, to the common jalap.&rdquo; A very common shrub, used
-by Dr. McNabb, as a purgative; its flower is of a red color and very
-beautiful, and there are some yellow and white, and variegated; it
-grows about a yard high or even more; its leaves are triangular, and
-about two inches long. A pickle is made from the root, and the flower
-is dressed and eaten with meat. The leaves are suppurating. It is
-generally understood that the <i>root</i>, when old, is the
-<i>Choobcheenee</i>, but this is not the case, though it resembles it,
-or that kind called <i>Kutai</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e10064" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">GHAIN</h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb111" href="#pb111" name=
-"pb111">111</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p658" class="par"><span class="parNum">658</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghoghaie</span>.&mdash;A bird called in A. <i>Asphoor</i>. It
-resembles the turtle-dove, and derives its name from the great noise it
-makes. It is also called <i>Pukherie</i>, but this is a general name
-for wild fowl.</p>
-<p id="p659" class="par"><span class="parNum">659</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowreh</span>.&mdash;All kinds of green fruit.</p>
-<p id="p660" class="par"><span class="parNum">660</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghafis</span>.&mdash;Hemp; <i>Agrimony</i>; deobstruent; dose one
-miskal.</p>
-<p id="p661" class="par"><span class="parNum">661</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghar</span>.&mdash;The laurel; discutient and attenuant; dose half
-miskal.</p>
-<p id="p662" class="par"><span class="parNum">662</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghasool</span>.&mdash;Glasswort; Hindooi, <i>Chook</i>; P.
-<i>Ghasul</i>; hot and dry; detergent and caustic; dose half direm.</p>
-<p id="p663" class="par"><span class="parNum">663</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghareekoon</span>.&mdash;<i>Agaric</i>; deobstruent, vermifuge,
-cathartic; dose one or two danas.</p>
-<p id="p664" class="par"><span class="parNum">664</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghirb</span>.&mdash;The mountain pine, drying.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e10135" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">KAF</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p665" class="par first"><span class="parNum">665</span>
-<span class="sc">Kakjunga</span>.&mdash;Cool, but some say hot, and dry
-in the 2nd degree; it is vermifuge, and useful in an over-loaded
-stomach, in poisons, mucus, and eruptions from suffusion of bile; also
-in fevers. It also obtains the name of <i>Misie</i>. <i>Rijel ul
-Ghorab</i>, A. <i>Tokhem Khelal Kheleel</i>, P.</p>
-<p id="p666" class="par"><span class="parNum">666</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kans</span>.&mdash;A shrub with a white flower, of a downy kind;
-cures suppression of urine or dysuria, heat of the body, disorders of
-blood, bile, and hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p667" class="par"><span class="parNum">667</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kakolie</span>.&mdash;Its properties resemble
-<i>Jirkakolie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p668" class="par"><span class="parNum">668</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kaksaag</span>.&mdash;Aperient, and promotes appetite; cures
-disorders of mucus, swellings of the body, and expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p669" class="par"><span class="parNum">669</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kasmerie</span> or <i>Kasmuroo</i>, or <i>Kasmurga</i>, or
-<i>Kasheera</i>. It is hot; heavy; cures fever, pains in the bowels,
-and its flower is astringent and beneficial in eruptions from diffusion
-of bile. It is an ingredient in many formul&aelig;. It prevents the
-approach of old age, strengthens all the animal functions, and is
-aphrodisiac and diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p670" class="par"><span class="parNum">670</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanjee</span>.&mdash;Increases the secretion of milk; cures
-disorders of mucus, wind, and bile. It is the vinegar of Hindostan. It
-restores prostrated strength from fatigue, removes pains in the bowels
-and flatulence, and remedies costiveness. The method of preparing it is
-thus. A little Zeera and Saslie are put on the fire till they produce a
-smoke, an earthen vessel is then placed over them <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb112" href="#pb112" name="pb112">112</a>]</span>in
-an inverted position to receive the smoke. Then into this is put
-mustard, salt, adjwain, and <span class="corr" id="xd24e10203" title=
-"Source: cummin">cumin</span> seed, with warm water; the mouth of the
-vessel is then tied up in a cloth, and placed in the sun till it
-becomes sour. In the hot-weather it is quickly prepared; the older it
-is, the better for medicinal purposes.</p>
-<p id="p671" class="par"><span class="parNum">671</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrohun</span>.&mdash;A medicine found in the gall-bladder of a
-cow, and is but seldom met with. It is beneficial in affections of the
-mesenteric glands of children; in the quantity of two soorkhi it is
-purgative. It is also beneficial in flatulent swellings. If boiled in
-water and used for some time, it will cure epilepsy. It is only found
-in those cows the descendants of those herded by Khrishna.</p>
-<p class="par">It is often counterfeited, but the real kind is clearer
-than the spurious.</p>
-<p id="p672" class="par"><span class="parNum">672</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kath</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Acacia Catechu, W. <i>Kayar</i>, H.
-<i>Khadira</i>, S. Mimosa Catechu, Woodville.&rdquo; Called also Kuth.
-It is cool and vermifuge; strengthens the teeth; cures seminal
-weakness, fever, white leprosy, swellings, eruptions from bile,
-marasmus, Juzam, and mucous disorders. The gum is sweet and
-aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system. That made from the pith of the
-Khaer, is useful in boils and eruptions, affections of the mouth, and
-disorders of mucus and blood. It also removes ptyalism.</p>
-<p id="p673" class="par"><span class="parNum">673</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kakra Singie</span>.&mdash;It is crooked like a ram&rsquo;s horn;
-small and red, with a tinge of black, and its pod is hollow; it is
-bitter, astringent, hot, and promotes appetite, and restores the color
-of the skin changed from foulness of blood; allays vomiting and thirst;
-cures fever and disorders of mucus, difficulty of breathing, cough, and
-eructation, also piles and dysentery. It is said to be hot and dry in
-the 2nd degree. It likewise cures wind and hoarseness, and creates
-appetite; and it is useful, if retained in the mouth, as a relief to
-cough from phlegm; a little of it given to children at the breast,
-mixed with honey, increases their strength and removes emaciation.</p>
-<p id="p674" class="par"><span class="parNum">674</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanakutchoo</span>.&mdash;Brought from Cashmere, and held in great
-esteem in that country. Its taste is saltish and sweet, and it is used
-dressed with meat; some call it <i>Samaroogh</i>, but the latter is a
-creeper and does not produce seed. The fruit is about <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb113" href="#pb113" name="pb113">113</a>]</span>half
-the size of an egg, and is suspended from the plant, which is of a
-white color, and grows during the rains in the jungles, and loves the
-vicinity of running water. It is also called <i>Neerkoombie</i>. It is
-found sometimes amongst ruins, but those that grow in the jungles are
-to be preferred. The lower classes of Indians use it as food, and as
-such it is grateful. It is useful in affections of the eyes.</p>
-<p id="p675" class="par"><span class="parNum">675</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kagphill</span> or <i>Kagtoondie</i>. &ldquo;Strychnos Nux Vomica,
-W.&rdquo; &ldquo;I have heard that it grows very common about Midnapoor
-or Cuttack; several seeds or nuts are enclosed in one pod, which in
-size is about that of a horse <span class="corr" id="xd24e10261" title=
-"Source: chesnut">chestnut</span>, the seeds are surrounded in the pod
-by a glutinous matter. It is said to be useful in paralysis, but has
-seldom been given beyond six grains in the
-day.&rdquo;&mdash;&ldquo;Trans.&rdquo; It has obtained its name from
-being poison to the crow. Kag being the name of a crow, and phill, a
-nut A. <i>Hubbool Girab</i>; for the same reason. It is not well
-ascertained whether it is a seed or root, but it looks like a seed. It
-is equally uncertain whether it is cool or hot; it is brownish, inside
-white; it is round, and its shell very hard; steeped in water it
-becomes soft, and its shell can be removed; it is then rasped down and
-pounded, and kept in a state of powder or electuary for use. It
-strengthens the system; cures disorders of wind; blackens white hair;
-but its constant use produces palsy. It is an active poison; its
-correctors are drinking fresh milk, producing vomiting, and taking
-soup, oily or fatty substances<span class="corr" id="xd24e10267" title=
-"Source: ,">.</span> If externally applied to discolorations of the
-skin, <i>daad</i>, pains, &amp;c. it will be found beneficial. It is
-said in the <i>Dara Shekoi</i>, to be excellent in cholics from wind.
-It is in my opinion hot, but as it is a strong poison, it is better not
-to use it: if given as a medicine, its correctors ought to be given
-with it.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also mentioned among aphrodisiac medicines, and
-will be found a powerful one, should it agree with the stomach. In
-India its name is <i>Koochela</i>.</p>
-<p id="p676" class="par"><span class="parNum">676</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gajur</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Daucus Carota, W.&rdquo; The carrot;
-sweet to the taste, and equally hot and cold in its effects; it creates
-appetite, produces costiveness, cures eruptions from suffusion of bile;
-is useful in piles, is lithontriptic, and beneficial in mucous
-disorders <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb114" href="#pb114" name=
-"pb114">114</a>]</span>and wind. A. <i>Gazur</i>. I have found it
-excellent when roasted in an oven; the thin external rind and heart
-removed, and ate with rose-water, and <i>Bedemoosk</i>, in depression
-of spirits, and as a cardiac. Its distilled water is also equally
-effectual. Its virtues are described in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p677" class="par"><span class="parNum">677</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kaiphill</span> or <i>Kutphill</i>. It is bitter, astringent, and
-pungent, cures disorders of mucus and wind, fevers, difficulty of
-breathing, seminal weakness, piles, cough, and all affections of the
-throat.</p>
-<p id="p678" class="par"><span class="parNum">678</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanch</span> or <i>Kaatch</i>; light; reduces corpulence; cures
-boils and eruptions, and strengthens the eyes. It is also called
-<i>Zejage</i>.</p>
-<p id="p679" class="par"><span class="parNum">679</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalizeerie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nigella Indica, Roxb.
-<i>Musavi</i>, S. Sp. ch. annual, petals entire, pistils five, length
-of the stamina, leaves decompound, exterior lip of the nectary ovate,
-and deeply two-cleft, interior entire and acute. Roxb. MS.&rdquo; A
-seed of a black color, twice as long as the zeerie, and about twice the
-breadth; also named <i>Kurdmana</i> though improperly. It is used as
-medicine for horses; it is hot, increases the digestive powers, and is
-useful in all swellings.</p>
-<p id="p680" class="par"><span class="parNum">680</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kasht</span>.&mdash;Very hard. A kind of sugar-cane.</p>
-<p id="p681" class="par"><span class="parNum">681</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kangeerug</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kakeerun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p682" class="par"><span class="parNum">682</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalseenbie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kalyseeb</i>; hot and
-heavy; cures disorders of mucus and bile, also <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e10360" title=
-"Corrected by author from: symptoms">disorders</span> in the mouth.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">683</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kansi</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Rooie</i>; heavy, hot, and aperient;
-strengthens the eyes and cures bilious and mucous disorders.</p>
-<p id="p684" class="par"><span class="parNum">684</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kathmanda</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Lisanus sowr</i>.</p>
-<p id="p685" class="par"><span class="parNum">685</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalakora</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e10390" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name for <i>Kirra Inderjow</i>.</p>
-<p id="p686" class="par"><span class="parNum">686</span> <span class=
-"sc">Katchloon</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Muschookoonia</i>, also
-named <i>Kuphaiena</i>, or <i>Mylhoolrejaje</i>. Its taste is rough;
-increases bile, decreases mucus, and useful in splenitis. It is
-laxative, removes specs, and opacities of the cornea. It dries the
-stomach, and externally is useful in all kinds of itch.</p>
-<p id="p687" class="par"><span class="parNum">687</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kastipadile</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Padill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p688" class="par"><span class="parNum">688</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kalesur</span> or <i>Kulesur</i>; a plant, its leaves and sprigs
-very thin and small, it is sold in a dried state. It is like the
-<i>Badsingbose</i>. Its fruit is like the <i>Baer</i>, but a little
-larger, of <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb115" href="#pb115" name=
-"pb115">115</a>]</span>a clay color or greenish. It is of two kinds,
-white and black, both oleaginous and sweet, heavy, increases semen,
-cures disorders of the three secretions, fevers, disorders of the
-vagina, dropsy, and it is astringent in its properties. The black kind
-increases appetite.</p>
-<p id="p689" class="par"><span class="parNum">689</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kanghi</span>.&mdash;Cool, pungent; sweetish to the taste;
-strengthens the system, clears the color of the skin; is astringent,
-flatulent; useful in affections of the mouth and hectic fever.</p>
-<p id="p690" class="par"><span class="parNum">690</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kandagolhi</span>.&mdash;A kind of onion, used by the weavers of
-cloth, from which circumstance it has derived its name
-(&ldquo;Squills?&rdquo;)<span class="corr" id="xd24e10454" title=
-"Not in source">.</span> It is like the common onion, but four times as
-large; it grows in the jungles, and in A. is called <i>Unsul</i>; its
-properties are described in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p691" class="par"><span class="parNum">691</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoor</span>.&mdash;Cool, light, anti-aphrodisiac; beneficial in
-disorders of the eyes; cures heat of the body, bad taste in the mouth;
-removes corpulence and swellings of the body, disorders from poison,
-and clears the brain. A. <i>Kaphoor</i>. It is of four kinds:
-<i>Poonasir</i>, <i>Bheemseejnie</i>, <i>Saasdaie</i> and
-<i>Bhaskur</i>, the medicinal properties of all are the same.
-&ldquo;Laurus Camphora.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p692" class="par"><span class="parNum">692</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kupoor</span>.&mdash;The same as above; also called
-<i>Khesia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p693" class="par"><span class="parNum">693</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoorbile</span>.&mdash;A flower; its leaves and root resembling
-the saffron flower; it is brought from Europe.</p>
-<p id="p694" class="par"><span class="parNum">694</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goobrowla</span> also <i>Goobreyla</i>. A. <i>Khumfusa</i>. P.
-<i>Jaab</i>. It is described in all Yunani works.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">695</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapithar Jug</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Soorinjan</i>; pungent,
-cool, and dry; increases general heat and bile; cures disorders of
-blood and mucus; also removes <i>daad</i>; is vermifuge, and is an
-antidote to poison.</p>
-<p id="p696" class="par"><span class="parNum">696</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kupass</span> or <i>Kurpass</i>. &ldquo;Gossypium
-herbaceum.&rdquo; It is sweet, hot, and light; cures disorders of wind;
-it is the cotton tree; some call it cool. Its seed increases the
-secretion of animal milk, removes bile, mucus, heat, thirst, fatigue,
-epilepsy, &amp;c. The wild species is cool, and increases the acuteness
-of taste and cures ulcers. It is also called <i>Karis</i> or
-<i>Karpassie</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kupass</i> is the cotton tree; hot and moist; cures
-asthma, cough, costiveness; loosens the chest. The cotton burnt and
-applied to <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb116" href="#pb116" name=
-"pb116">116</a>]</span>ulcers, dries them up, blown into the nose stops
-bleeding; also bleeding of the gums. Should any one have eaten dhatura,
-and become insensible, four direms of the seeds bruised in water, and
-given to drink will remove the cause. It is also an antidote to the
-poison of opium, bhang, snakes, the root of dhatura, scorpions, &amp;c.
-in the quantity of seven direms.</p>
-<p id="p697" class="par"><span class="parNum">697</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kubab Cheenee</span>.&mdash;It is pungent and bitter; promotes
-digestion; increases appetite; improves the taste; cures affections of
-wind, phlegm, paralysis of the tongue, and clears the voice.
-&ldquo;Cubebs, <i>Piper Cubeba</i>, Murr.&rdquo; Excellent in
-gonorrh&oelig;a virulenta.</p>
-<p id="p698" class="par"><span class="parNum">698</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoor Kutcherie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Saaltie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p699" class="par"><span class="parNum">699</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kapoorie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Ispurka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p700" class="par"><span class="parNum">700</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuthael</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Artocarpus Integrifolia
-(Roxb.)&rdquo; A fruit of India, very common, of a green color like
-<i>Shukena</i>, from half a yard to a yard in length, and about half a
-yard in thickness. On opening it is found a pulp of a saffron color, of
-a mucilaginous nature, inclining to gummy. The tree is like that of the
-walnut, but I suspect the Kuthael is much the largest and the leaves
-much less. The smell of the flower is sweet. The fruit is taken from
-the tree before it is ripe, covered with lime and thus brought to
-maturity. It cures disorders of bile and wind, strengthens the system,
-and is aphrodisiac; it cures eruptions from diffused bile, and is slow
-of digestion; it induces costiveness, is useful in disorders of the
-chest, increases semen and allays thirst. Its seeds are astringent and
-sweet, and increase wind, they are hurtful if ate on an empty stomach.
-Its corrector is its seed. Some have said, that the fruit when allowed
-to ripen on the tree is the best, and that the forced kind is cool.</p>
-<p id="p701" class="par"><span class="parNum">701</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kootki</span>.&mdash;A small root, &ldquo;Justicia
-Ganderussa,&rdquo; brought from the hills; it is of a grey colour and
-full of knots; bitter to the taste, during digestion; pungent, cool,
-and drying. It is light and aperient; cures bilious, mucous, and
-feverish disorders, difficulty of breathing, heart-burn, and heat of
-body. It is also vermifuge; the dose 4 direms.</p>
-<p id="p702" class="par"><span class="parNum">702</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutara</span>.&mdash;A kind of sugar-cane; it is thin, cool, and
-heavy; cures diffusion of bile and <i>Rajiroge</i>. The leaves of one
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb117" href="#pb117" name=
-"pb117">117</a>]</span>kind are like needles, another much larger, a
-third of a middling size: all are astringent, and after meals produce
-heart-burn, and wind; they cure disorders of mucus and bile, but cause
-heat in the chest and flatulence. Its correction is being boiled in
-water, or roasted in hot ashes. When washed in water it becomes less
-flatulent, and cures disordered secretions, increases the bulk of the
-solids, and is diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p703" class="par"><span class="parNum">703</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuteera</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Echinops echinatus, (Roxb.)&rdquo;
-The globe-thistle, or <i>Kuragond</i>. Cool; increases consistence of
-semen; beneficial in gonorrh&oelig;a; lessens aphrodisia. If two mashas
-be infused in water for a night, well mixed and taken with sherbet of
-<i>Unjewar</i>, or by itself, it will be found effectual in vomiting of
-blood, in gonorrh&oelig;a, and itchiness of the urinary bladder.</p>
-<p id="p704" class="par"><span class="parNum">704</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutai</span>.&mdash;The white kind; it is a species of the small
-<i>Kutai</i>; the flower of the large kind is red. The small is bitter
-and pungent; hot and useful in wind, bile and disorders of the liver,
-difficulty of voiding urine, in torpor of the olfactory nerves; is
-vermifuge, and cures affections of the heart. The large kind is called
-Beretta, already noticed, also called <i>Kuntai</i>.</p>
-<p id="p705" class="par"><span class="parNum">705</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutoonbur</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Cucumis Madraspatanas.&rdquo; A
-kind of <i>Kutchim</i> (species of melon); sweet and hot, vide
-<i>Baluka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p706" class="par"><span class="parNum">706</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutputrie</span>.&mdash;Hot and astringent; useful in disorders of
-the organs of generation of the female; its fruit cool and aphrodisiac,
-and produces a discharge of wind.</p>
-<p id="p707" class="par"><span class="parNum">707</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kuth</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Catechu, Terra Japonica, Acacia
-Catechu?&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p708" class="par"><span class="parNum">708</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchnar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Bauhinia variegata.&rdquo; One kind
-of which is called Gobdar; the leaves of the <i>Kutchnar</i> are green
-and variegated with veins, and they resemble the junction of two
-leaves, indeed a separation does sometimes exist. The tree resembles
-the mulberry, and is even larger, but considerably so in diameter; both
-kinds are cool, astringent; produce costiveness; cure disorders of
-mucus and bile; are vermifuge; destroy worms in the rectum; useful in
-the virulent ulcer called Kunzeer, also in all eruptions and boils. Its
-flower is cool, dry, light, and astringent; cures disorders of bile,
-and corrects an excess in the menstrual discharge; beneficial in piles,
-wounds, ulcers, and cough. The tree is called by the above name, but it
-is usually <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb118" href="#pb118" name=
-"pb118">118</a>]</span>given to the flower only. I have found it
-beneficial to the stomach, in removing laxativeness of the bowels, and
-in bleeding piles. A decoction of its bark forms an excellent gargle in
-ptyalism from mercury or bela.</p>
-<p id="p709" class="par"><span class="parNum">709</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchaloo</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Arum Colocasia.&rdquo; An esculent
-root, vide <i>Aroie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p710" class="par"><span class="parNum">710</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudjpepullie</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Gudjpeepul</i>; a round fruit,
-4 times as large as that of the peepul, and very much resembles it; it
-is bitter, hot; increases appetite; induces costiveness; cures Juzam,
-difficulty of breathing, affections of the throat, is vermifuge, and
-useful in disorders of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p711" class="par"><span class="parNum">711</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchua</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;P. <i>Sungpoosht</i> or
-<i>Bah&aacute;</i>. A. <i>Silhafat</i>.&rdquo; &ldquo;The
-Turtle.&rdquo; Its meat is moist and aphrodisiac, and is useful in
-disorders of wind. It is related, that in cases of great difficulty of
-respiration from affections of the lungs or bronchi&aelig;, much
-benefit has been derived from inhaling the breath of the turtle. Its
-eggs, mixed with water and applied hot to the scrotum, removes
-disorders, to which it may be subjected.</p>
-<p id="p712" class="par"><span class="parNum">712</span> <span class=
-"sc">Coochilla</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Kagphill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p713" class="par"><span class="parNum">713</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutcherie</span>.&mdash;(Cucumis Madraspatanas;) sweet, hot,
-light, and soft; creates appetite; increases bile. It is called
-<i>Dustumboieya</i>, vide <i>Phoot</i>. There is another fruit which
-bears this name, it is a creeper, found in fields, like the
-<i>Kunoorie</i> fruit; it is pungent, bitter; assists digestion, and
-increases appetite. In my opinion, it is hot; it is eaten cut in half,
-and fried with salt and oil, and greatly relished. It is thus also
-rendered more active in its properties. It is used both ripe and
-unripe; when used with meat, the later is easily rendered tender. It
-forms an ingredient in all stomachic powders in India.</p>
-<p id="p714" class="par"><span class="parNum">714</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kutchoor</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Curcuma Zerumbet, (Roxb.)&rdquo; Of
-three kinds: large, male, and female. The large kind is also called
-<i>Nerkuchoor</i>, and the simple word <i>Kutchoor</i> is generally
-applied to the female; the third kind is called <i>Kaphoor
-Kutcherie</i>. The <i>Nerkutchoor</i> is also called <i>Zerambeed</i>.
-The three kinds possess nearly the same properties. It is hot, light;
-creates appetite; cures Juzam, piles, boils, wounds, difficulty of
-breathing, Badgola, disorders of wind, and mucus, and is vermifuge.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb119" href="#pb119" name=
-"pb119">119</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p715" class="par"><span class="parNum">715</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kudum</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nauclea Orientalis, or <i>Kudum</i>,
-and another kind called <i>Mohoonut</i>; also one kind named <i>Dhoul
-Kudum</i>, and <i>Bhoom Kudum</i>.&rdquo; The leaves and flower
-resemble the walnut tree; all kinds are cool, and are useful in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood.</p>
-<p id="p716" class="par"><span class="parNum">716</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudha</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet, during digestion bitter.
-It is light, strengthens the system, and increases bile and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p717" class="par"><span class="parNum">717</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gudloon</span>.&mdash;Hot, light; cures disorders of wind and
-mucus. Is aperient and diuretic.</p>
-<p id="p718" class="par"><span class="parNum">718</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goodhul</span> <i>Citron</i>.&mdash;Has a flower like the poppy,
-and many leaves; its leaves are like the mulberry, and it flowers every
-alternate year. Its fruit is like the apple; when unripe, green, and
-acid, with a little bitterness; but when fully ripe, and it has become
-yellow, the bitterness does not remain; it also becomes red and sweet,
-but if it remain long on the tree it again assumes a greenish hue. The
-tree is like the lime tree with broad leaves. The people of India have
-an idea, that if the flowers be kept in the house they produce
-quarrelling and strife; the flowers are used in lowness of spirits
-arising from heat. It is said, that the root of this and also that of
-the <i>Kunaer</i> are very intoxicating. If boiled in milk, and this
-curdled, it is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p719" class="par"><span class="parNum">719</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurna</span>.&mdash;The flower of the above; it has four leaves,
-and is white before it opens; it is shaped like an arrow-head; it has a
-sweet perfume, and as such is used; a distilled water is also made from
-it and an essential oil. The water is called Arukbahar, and is hot and
-dry, and used in weakness of the brain; also as an aphrodisiac;
-creating appetite and elevating the spirits; also in pains of the
-chest, in cholics from wind, and delirium.</p>
-<p class="par">A little of it commenced with and constantly used for
-seven days, with a little sugar, is beneficial in affections of the
-spleen; it is used in Aniseed water as a lithontriptic; in an empty
-stomach for the bleeding piles. It is used with musk, &amp;c. to
-perfume hooka snakes. The author of the Topha says, that this is the
-bud of the Naringi, and that the distilled water of that is called
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e10823" title=
-"Source: Arukbuhar">Arukbahar</span>; but in my opinion they are
-distinct varieties, and in this part of the country they distil from
-all. <i>Goodhul</i> is the name of the tree, <i>Kuth</i> that of the
-fruit, and <i>Kurna</i> that of the flower. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb120" href="#pb120" name="pb120">120</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p720" class="par"><span class="parNum">720</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karownda</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Kirmidie</i>, and a kind of this
-<i>Khristnphill</i>; the first kind is red and white, second is white
-and black, and the third entirely black, therefore called
-<i>Kristnphil</i>, from being of the color of the god Kristna. Its
-flower is like the Jui; when unripe it is hot, heavy, and acid;
-produces mucus and diffusion of bile: when ripe it is sweet and less
-acid, light; creates appetite, and cures disorders of wind and bile.
-&ldquo;Carissa Carandas.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p721" class="par"><span class="parNum">721</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kareyl</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Capparis, the Caper plant,&rdquo; or
-<i>Kareyr</i>. A tree without leaves, its branches rise from the root,
-and are very numerous. It grows about the height of the <i>Baer</i>. It
-has numerous flowers, small and three-leaved. Its flowers are boiled
-and eaten; its fruit made into pickles in salt-water and oil; its fruit
-is at first green, then it becomes red, and lastly black; they are
-about the size of the Karownda; they are bitter, pungent, hot,
-aperient; useful in mucous disorders, wind, boils, eruptions,
-swellings, as an antidote to poisons, and in piles. Its flowers are
-beneficial in disorders of mucus and bile. My father always recommended
-them in disorders arising from cold. In consequence of their heating
-quality, they are useful in affections of the joints. P.
-<i>Amghyllyan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p722" class="par"><span class="parNum">722</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karunj</span>.&mdash;From the &ldquo;<i>Moojerrabad
-Akberi</i>.&rdquo; The name of a large tree, the leaves like the lime
-tree, the fruit like the tamarind, but smaller; it is hot, and
-discusses swellings and all pains arising from cold; useful in lumbago,
-in strokes of the wind, and it is used as a fomentation in the above
-disorders.</p>
-<p id="p723" class="par"><span class="parNum">723</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gurehri</span>.&mdash;A fruit of India, produced in the hot
-season; it is a nut of a black color, and shining appearance, about the
-length of the <i>Jamalgota</i>, but a little thinner; the kernel is
-white, and is ate with salt and <i>peepul</i>, and much esteemed. It
-induces costiveness, is aphrodisiac, and thickens semen.</p>
-<p id="p724" class="par"><span class="parNum">724</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishndaan</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice; in its properties and
-excellence like the <i>Saatie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p725" class="par"><span class="parNum">725</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurwanuk</span>.&mdash;The name of a common bird; its meat is
-sweet and pleasant to the taste. It frequents the banks of rivers and
-jungles, but the river kind is nearly twice the size of the other.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb121" href="#pb121" name=
-"pb121">121</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p726" class="par"><span class="parNum">726</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geerguth</span>.&mdash;(Chameleon.) A. <i>Heerbah</i>, Un.
-<i>Kalamunder</i>, P. <i>Aftabperust</i>. It resembles the lizard in
-its appearance. It has a long tail, and frequently changes its
-color.</p>
-<p id="p727" class="par"><span class="parNum">727</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurkura</span>.&mdash;(Ardea Virgo.) A species of paddy-bird,
-called also <i>Kurkhuraa</i>; its flesh increases corpulency; is
-aphrodisiac, and strengthens the system.</p>
-<p id="p728" class="par"><span class="parNum">728</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurinjua</span> or <i>Korinjeka</i>, or <i>Kurinjee</i>.
-&ldquo;Guilandina Bonduccella, Linn. C&aelig;salpinia Bonduccella.
-Roxb. <i>Kutkuleja</i>, H. An excellent tonic, and infallible in the
-cure of intermittents, when combined with a decoction of
-<i>Chereyta</i>. Dose one seed, mixed with pepper, which may be
-repeated every three hours.&rdquo; A seed, or rather nut, hard and
-shining; it is of a blue or greenish color; light, round, and thick,
-like the <i>Majoo</i>; when shaken near the ear the kernel is found
-loose, and when broken, this is found whitish, like the <i>Mukhana</i>.
-Its shrub grows to the height of a man, more or less, &ldquo;but if
-supported, will run much higher. It is covered with very sharp
-prickles, and makes the best fence in the world perhaps.&rdquo; It is
-hot; cures piles; is vermifuge, useful in Juzam, and its leaves are
-beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus, and blood. A. <i>Ektumkut</i>.
-P. <i>Khayeblees</i>. Leaves used as a fomentation in rheumatic
-pains.</p>
-<p id="p729" class="par"><span class="parNum">729</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurwara</span> or <i>Kurwala</i>. A name for <i>Amultas</i>; P.
-<i>Phuloos</i>. A. <i>Khiarshimber</i>. Discutient, aperient, and
-laxative. See Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p730" class="par"><span class="parNum">730</span> <span class=
-"sc">Korund</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Sunadudje</i>.</p>
-<p id="p731" class="par"><span class="parNum">731</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goor</span>.&mdash;It is sweet to the taste and a little pungent;
-light, aperient; creates appetite; increases bile and swellings of the
-body; produces worms and cures disorders of wind; strengthens the
-system; is diuretic and cardiac. P. <i>Kund Sia</i>.</p>
-<p id="p732" class="par"><span class="parNum">732</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurr</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Carthamus Tinctoria.</i>&rdquo; A
-name of <i>Masphir</i> or <i>Kussumb</i>. P. <i>Kussukdana</i>. A.
-<i>Koortub</i>. It is of a white color like peas, and a little pointed;
-it is very common; removes phlegm, and is aperient.</p>
-<p id="p733" class="par"><span class="parNum">733</span> <span class=
-"sc">Karela</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Momordica Charantia.&rdquo; A common
-culinary fruit, of a green or yellowish color, and encloses numerous
-seeds. It is about two or three inches long, and very irregular in the
-surface. It is in its properties cool and light; some say <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb122" href="#pb122" name="pb122">122</a>]</span>hot
-and heavy, and some call it equal. It is pungent and laxative;
-beneficial in piles, eruptions of the mouth, disorders of the blood,
-jaundice, panroque, phlegm, seminal weakness, and it is vermifuge. Its
-name is said to be Kassaul hemar. In my opinion it is very drying, by
-reason of its heating quality: when dressed with onions, it is less
-heavy as food. It has the effect of strengthening the stomach weakened
-from cold. Its root taken, commencing with one masha and increasing to
-seven, will cure the venereal disease. The wild kind is named
-Kaarbellie. It is cool, bitter, light, and aperient; cures disorders of
-bile, blood, phlegm, black bile, jaundice, wind, marasmus, seminal
-weakness, and worms. Another kind of this produced in gardens is of a
-white color, and more long than the other; its coat is thin, and it is
-the best of all the varieties: there are many ways of dressing it, but
-with onions it is the best and most aphrodisiac; without onions, its
-effects are not so powerful, and it is less heating.</p>
-<p id="p734" class="par"><span class="parNum">734</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kirkund</span>.&mdash;The small Baer, called also Nazookbadun; it
-is moist and heavy; sweet, and cures disorders of bile and wind. It is
-also called Jhirberrie. There is a smaller kind, that is more sweet,
-and grows in gardens.</p>
-<p id="p735" class="par"><span class="parNum">735</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kora</span>.&mdash;A name for the <i>Inderjow</i> tree; it is very
-bitter and astringent; cool and dry; creates appetite; cures bilious
-disorders and foulness of blood, also disorders of mucus; and removes
-obstructions in the pylorus from viscid mucus; useful in indigestion
-and Juzam; restrains hemorrhage from piles and diarrh&oelig;a.</p>
-<p id="p736" class="par"><span class="parNum">736</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurni</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Mimusops Kauki.&rdquo; A fruit of the
-hills; pungently bitter and hot; cures disorders of bile and mucus,
-flatulence, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p737" class="par"><span class="parNum">737</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kurrukphill</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bahira</i>.</p>
-<p id="p738" class="par"><span class="parNum">738</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishn Moolie</span>.&mdash;A black kind called <i>Kalesur</i>; it
-derives <span class="corr" id="xd24e11084" title=
-"Source: it">its</span> name from being a root of the color of
-<i>Krishna</i>.</p>
-<p id="p739" class="par"><span class="parNum">739</span> <span class=
-"sc">Krishn Saarba</span>.&mdash;A black kind of <i>Saarba</i>.</p>
-<p id="p740" class="par"><span class="parNum">740</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussowndie</span> or <i>Kussownda</i>. The name of a tree of
-India; its branches commence from near the root and surround the stem,
-growing out from all sides of it. It grows about the thickness of a
-bambu, and in height that of a man. The leaves <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb123" href="#pb123" name="pb123">123</a>]</span>if
-rubbed have a disagreeable smell. Its seed-vessel is about a yard long,
-or even longer; it encloses small round seeds like <i>Sumach</i>, a
-little crooked. Its leaves are thick like <i>Kumerach</i>, but the
-latter are broad, whereas this is longer. The large kind is called
-<i>Kussownda</i>, the smaller <i>Kussowndie</i>; the leaves of both are
-nearly alike. It is hot, moist, and some say equal. It relieves the
-brain, and if the seed is washed and eaten, it will cure the effects of
-the scorpion&rsquo;s poison; and if the seed and leaves be ground in a
-mill, made into bread with flour, and eaten with sweet oil, it will
-cure night blindness; should any one have swallowed tiger&rsquo;s hair,
-pills made of the leaves, flower, and seed swallowed and vomiting
-produced, the hair will be discharged.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kussowndie</i> is a medicine of India, hot and dry;
-cures wind and loosens phlegm; useful in cough and disorders of the
-blood. 1&frac12; direms of its root with half direm of peepul eaten,
-will cure the poison of snakes or scorpions, or if rubbed on the bitten
-or stung part will give relief. It clears the voice, and if five direms
-of its leaves with one direm of peepul be bruised in water, and taken
-for seven days, during which period food without salt is eaten, it will
-cure Lues Venerea.</p>
-<p id="p741" class="par"><span class="parNum">741</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kusseroo</span> or <i>Kusseruk</i>. &ldquo;Cyperus
-Tuberosus.&rdquo; The root of a grass, black and full of hair, like
-bristles, found in the cold season. It is cool, sweet, heavy; used in
-disorders of bile, blood, and general heat; it induces costiveness,
-increases semen, phlegm, and wind, and allays thirst. If eaten with its
-outer rind, or only chewed, and the juice swallowed, it will be less
-heavy and hurtful; some bruise it and drink sherbet thus made with
-sugar, and it is thus more cooling and useful in cases of
-gonorrh&oelig;a, and the effects of hot winds, but in this case the
-outer rind must be removed.</p>
-<p id="p742" class="par"><span class="parNum">742</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kustooryea Mirg</span>.&mdash;Its meat is sweet to the taste,
-light and flatulent, creating appetite; that of the female is cool:
-useful in fever, cough, disorders of blood, and difficulty of
-breathing. It is said to be common in Thibet and Bengal. It resembles
-the deer, and has two ridges on its back lengthways. Musk is procured
-from its abdomen in this manner: When it is ripe, <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb124" href="#pb124" name="pb124">124</a>]</span>it
-produces itching about the navel, and the animal rubbing it on sharp
-pointed stones, causes it to discharge in the form of matter. This is
-the finest and best kind of musk, and the gentleman, with whom I was,
-received some of it every two years, from the <i>Rajah</i> of
-<i>Shirinaghur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p743" class="par"><span class="parNum">743</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussoombh</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Masphir</i>. &ldquo;Artemisia
-Abrotanum.&rdquo; It is sweet, and very hot, and dry; light, and
-increases bile; cures disorders of blood, mucus, and suppression of
-urine.</p>
-<p id="p744" class="par"><span class="parNum">744</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kustoorie</span>.&mdash;Bitter, hot, heavy, aphrodisiac; useful in
-colds, disorders of phlegm and wind; allays vomiting; removes
-swellings; corrects offensive breath and loss of smell. One kind of it
-is called <i>Lutta Kustoorie</i>, vide L.</p>
-<p id="p745" class="par"><span class="parNum">745</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kussees</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Sulphas Ferri.&rdquo; A kind of
-<i>Zaaj</i>; astringent, cool; increases eye-sight, and clears the
-skin; vermifuge and an antidote to poisons; also a kind called <i>Heera
-Roopus</i>.</p>
-<p id="p746" class="par"><span class="parNum">746</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrownela</span>.&mdash;The <i>Kurrownda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p747" class="par"><span class="parNum">747</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukora</span>.&mdash;The fruit of a shrub of India, smaller than
-the Kurela; it has many hair-like fibres of a green colour over its
-surface, and it has numerous seeds. Its properties are the same as the
-<i>Kurela</i>. It is useful in that eruption which takes place on the
-face in puberty; beneficial in fever and phlegm, and creates appetite.
-One kind of it is called <i>Banje Kakora</i>. It is bitter, an antidote
-to poisons; useful in that eruption of the face called acne punctata.
-Its root is used in Zaerbad, in discussing swellings, and in the bites
-of all noxious reptiles, and it is also of benefit in cough. Some have
-said, that this is the wild <i>Kurela</i>, but this is not the fact,
-for the wild <i>Kurela</i> is essentially different and more resembles
-the garden sort.</p>
-<p id="p748" class="par"><span class="parNum">748</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookra</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Wild fowl.&rdquo; P. <i>Deek</i>. It
-is hot, moist, heavy, aphrodisiac; used in disorders of wind; is tonic;
-produces semen and increases mucus. Its flesh is astringent to the
-taste; dry and heavy; and those found near rivers are hot and
-aphrodisiac, and increase mucus.</p>
-<p id="p749" class="par"><span class="parNum">749</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookrie</span>.&mdash;The female of the above. A. <i>Dejaje</i>:
-the properties the same.</p>
-<p id="p750" class="par"><span class="parNum">750</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Cucumis Utilissimus.&rdquo; Unripe, it
-is sweet <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb125" href="#pb125" name=
-"pb125">125</a>]</span>and cool, heavy, cardiac, and astringent. In my
-opinion it is aperient, creates appetite, and removes bilious
-disorders.</p>
-<p id="p751" class="par"><span class="parNum">751</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gugundool</span>.&mdash;The best kind of this is the <i>Kumbi</i>;
-it is eaten wasted in <i>ghee</i>, with salt and condiments.</p>
-<p id="p752" class="par"><span class="parNum">752</span> <span class=
-"sc">Googeerun</span> or <i>Gugeeroo</i>. A plant from 1 to 1&frac12;
-yards high; the branches very thin, the leaves like the Nirkut; it is
-purgative, and when ripe, it is heavy; recommended in wind, blood, and
-affections of mouth.</p>
-<p id="p753" class="par"><span class="parNum">753</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kukrownda</span>.&mdash;The common <i>Kurrownda</i>. The plant is
-half a yard or more in height, its leaves like the tobacco; but
-smaller. It has an offensive smell, much increased by being rubbed
-betwixt the finger; it grows near ruins or in waste places, and is
-found in the rains. It is a kind of <i>Bhangra</i>, and has the name of
-<i>Kokurbangra</i>; it is bitter, pungent; useful in fevers and
-disorders of the blood and mucus. If bruised in water, and the water
-given as a clyster to children, it will remove ascarides, and if three
-drops be dropped into each ear, it will cure intermittents. It is very
-beneficial in bleeding piles, both internally and externally. If one
-direm of the leaves be taken in water, and the bruised leaves applied
-to the piles, it will effect a cure.</p>
-<p id="p754" class="par"><span class="parNum">754</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gillo</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Menispermum Glabrum,<span class="corr"
-id="xd24e11296" title="Not in source">&rdquo;</span> (vide
-<i>Goorcha</i>,) or <i>Vaoutvellee</i> or <i>Imrutlutta</i>, or
-<i>Jurnasnie</i>, (a febrifuge,) or <i>Goorajie</i>, or
-<i>Goondunie</i>. It is bitter, astringent, and sweet, and in digestion
-hot, light; inducing costiveness; tonic; increases appetite; beneficial
-in jaundice and Juzam; also in acne, cracks in the skin, nausea,
-fevers, and bilious disorders. It forms an ingredient in all favorite
-formul&aelig;. It has been said to be cold. In my opinion it is either,
-according as it is prescribed with other medicines. I have given it in
-continued fever, in the quantity of one direm, cut small and infused in
-water for a night, with great success. The Hindoos give a decoction of
-it in fevers. I have given it in various ways in gonorrh&oelig;a, as a
-tonic, an aphrodisiac, &amp;c. Take of Bunslochun and Sut Gillo, each
-one masha, mix and give in intermittents, or with cardamoms. My father
-used it in pills made up with conserve of roses, with great efficacy,
-in fevers of the continued kind; also with the whey of <i>Kasni</i>.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb126" href="#pb126" name=
-"pb126">126</a>]</span>Its powder is likewise used with tin in
-gonorrh&oelig;a, but I have written more of this in my other works. To
-make refined or <i>Sut Gillo</i>&mdash;</p>
-<p class="par">Take the <i>Gillo</i>, cut it in small pieces, and
-squeeze out the juice into a vessel, then add plain water, and strongly
-mix them together, let them remain thus for 24 hours, then throw away
-the clear water, and dry the precipitate for use.</p>
-<p id="p755" class="par"><span class="parNum">755</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gulhar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nymphea Nilambo</i>, Linn.
-Nilumbium Speciosum, W.&rdquo; The flower of the <i>Kawul</i>
-(<i>Lotus</i>). It is cool, dry, heavy, and astringent, and shuts up
-the chest. The centre of the flower, or yellow fructification, is
-called <i>Kesur</i>, or <i>Kinjeluk</i>; it is cool; induces
-costiveness; useful in bleeding piles; also in disorders of bile and
-mucus. Its seed is usually called <i>Kawulgutta</i>; they are produced
-in the hot season; they are sweet, cool; beneficial in bilious
-disorders, foulness of blood, general heat, and increase mucus and
-wind. I have given them in the diarrh&oelig;a of infants, mixed with
-the water which they drank, with great benefit. The green part of the
-seed bruised in water, I have also given to children with great good
-effect in wind and diarrh&oelig;a. It is likewise given in eruptions of
-the mouth. The stem of the flower and root are cool and dry;
-aphrodisiac, astringent, and cure disorders of bile, blood, and general
-heat. The flowers are of two kinds: one opens to the sun, and
-accompanies him round as he moves, and shuts its leaves when he
-disappears; this is white, with a red tinge, six-leaved, the yellow
-centre fructification, in the shape of an inverted cone. Its seed is
-sweet and cool; clears the complexion; of use in disorders of mucus,
-bile, blood, thirst, general heat, Juzam, and blisters. It is an
-antidote to poisons, and beneficial in acne of all kinds.</p>
-<p class="par">The other kind has four leaves, of a white color, opens
-to the moon, and accompanies her, in progress, as the other does the
-sun; but does not shut on her disappearance. The red and blue kinds, if
-they have any degree of whiteness, are called <i>Komode</i> or
-<i>Komoodutti</i>; these names are in allusion to their property of
-flowering by the moon&rsquo;s influence, but they are more seldom met
-with. The blue is called also <i>Neeloofir</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb127" href="#pb127" name="pb127">127</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p756" class="par"><span class="parNum">756</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goolkhairoo</span>.&mdash;The marsh-mallow, or rather the
-mallow.</p>
-<p id="p757" class="par"><span class="parNum">757</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kulumbuk</span>.&mdash;A tree of a heavy texture, much veined; it
-is commonly called <i>Mulugeer</i>, but this name is also applied to
-some kinds of lime.</p>
-<p id="p758" class="par"><span class="parNum">758</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kooleejan</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Piper Betel.</i>&rdquo; The best
-kind is red, thick, and full of knots. It is hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree; it is cardiac; cures cholicks, pains in the kidnies; increases
-the strength of the digestive organs, useful in rheumatism of the
-joints, decreases the flow of urine; beneficial in epilepsy, headache;
-is aphrodisiac; and is proper for those having a superabundance of
-mucus. A little kept in the mouth will cure paralysis of the tongue; it
-clears the voice, and in the quantity of one direm with cow&rsquo;s
-milk taken, fasting, it is highly tonic and aphrodisiac. Its corrector
-is any oily substance or <i>Kuteera</i> (a gum).</p>
-<p id="p759" class="par"><span class="parNum">759</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koolunta</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e11406" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A kind of <i>Satawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p760" class="par"><span class="parNum">760</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keloondha</span>.&mdash;A name for the fruit of the <i>Mowa</i>
-tree.</p>
-<p id="p761" class="par"><span class="parNum">761</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kulownjee</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Siadana</i>; expels wind and
-flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p762" class="par"><span class="parNum">762</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumode</span> or <i>Komoodutti</i>, a kind of <i>Gulhar</i>.
-&ldquo;Rottlera tinctoria.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p763" class="par"><span class="parNum">763</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumruk</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Averrhoa Carambola</i>,&rdquo; or
-<i>Kumruka</i>. A large tree, with many pointed leaves, which when full
-grown are longer than the <i>Singtirra</i> leaf, of a green color and
-soft texture. The fruit is common and three-cornered; they are of an
-acid sweetness, and produced in the cold season, and make delicious
-sherbet; cool, astringent; useful in bile and wind, also in disorders
-of phlegm. From their acidity, the fruit are injurious to the tongue.
-This may be corrected by eating them with salt or lime<span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e11461" title=
-"Corrected by author from: , also">.</span></p>
-<p id="p764" class="par"><span class="parNum">764</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gumbhar</span>.&mdash;Sweet, hot, heavy, and produces wind; useful
-in disorders of bile, blood, and pains in the bowels, and induces
-costiveness. Its fruit is heavy and tonic; clears the hair of the head;
-increases seminal secretion; cures disorders of bile, wind, hectic
-fever, thirst, and foulness of the blood; is diuretic, and forms an
-ingredient in all famous prescriptions: called also <i>Gumbharie</i> or
-<i>Gumbheer</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb128" href="#pb128"
-name="pb128">128</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p765" class="par"><span class="parNum">765</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawul</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Nymph&aelig;a Nelumbo.&rdquo; A name of
-<i>Gulhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p766" class="par"><span class="parNum">766</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawulguth</span>.&mdash;The seed of the <i>Gulhar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p767" class="par"><span class="parNum">767</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowla</span>.&mdash;A kind of orange, less strong, and of weaker
-properties than the <i>Sangtirra</i>; but in other respects the same;
-from its acid it removes stagnation of bile, and is useful in cough and
-asthma.</p>
-<p id="p768" class="par"><span class="parNum">768</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goond</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum grandiflorum?</i>&rdquo;
-The wild <i>Raibile</i>; the flower cool and light; used in disorders
-of bile and mucus, and in head-aches; an antidote to poisons, and
-communicates its perfume to any article from which oil is to be
-extracted, and gives the oil the quality of strengthening the brain,
-and of being useful in affections from cold. In my opinion, the flower
-is hot, as is also oil impregnated with its odour. If it is mixed or
-rubbed with oil, and used as an unguent in itch, it is equally
-effectual as the Chumbeley.</p>
-<p id="p769" class="par"><span class="parNum">769</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gunyar</span>.&mdash;A flower of India, possessing tonic
-properties; it strengthens the stomach; used in the cure of Juzam,
-boils, eruptions, disorders of the blood, swellings, and in cleansing
-ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p770" class="par"><span class="parNum">770</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunkole</span>.&mdash;A seed resembling <i>Peepul</i>, only a
-little larger; it creates appetite; is hot; useful in affections of the
-heart, affections of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p771" class="par"><span class="parNum">771</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koontukphill</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Lukudj</i>, or
-<i>Burhael</i>; it is also called <i>Kuntukanta</i>, from its being
-very prickly.</p>
-<p id="p772" class="par"><span class="parNum">772</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kundurdolie</span>.&mdash;The name of a plant, cool, light and
-astringent; useful in heat, feverishness, thirst, disorders of mucus,
-blood and bile, Juzam, and fever. It also softens iron.</p>
-<p id="p773" class="par"><span class="parNum">773</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koondoorie</span>.&mdash;A fruit like the <i>Pulwull</i>, of an
-oval shape. It is acid, grows as a creeper, and used as a culinary
-vegetable; useful in bilious disorders, foulness of blood, and general
-heat. Is emetic, and reduces corpulency. Induces costiveness,
-flatulence, and wind; also aphrodisiac. It is bitter, pungent; removes
-phlegm, and is an antidote to poisons. In my opinion, it is cool and
-moist, aperient; weakens the stomach, promotes absorption by increasing
-the tone of the absorbents, and expedites digestion.</p>
-<p id="p774" class="par"><span class="parNum">774</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kungni</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Kawurs</i>, <i>Sheerazee Kaal</i>. Cool
-and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb129" href="#pb129" name=
-"pb129">129</a>]</span>bitter, dry and astringent, yet diuretic; but if
-boiled in milk, its drying quality will be corrected. It is very
-generally used as food. It increases the viscidity of mucus, and
-promotes a disposition to gravel. Its corrector is sugar. It is hurtful
-to the lungs; but here its corrector is Mustaghi. In its general
-properties, it comes near the <i>Cheena</i>; externally applied hot, it
-removes rheumatic pains. &ldquo;<i>Panicum Italicum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p775" class="par"><span class="parNum">775</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundheel</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Azkhir</i>, and some kinds called
-<i>Mirchiakund</i>. This is a common plant, about a yard high; its
-flowers sweet-scented: the properties of all are, I fancy, the same. It
-is astringent to the taste, and bitter during digestion; hot, useful in
-affections of the throat and heart, disorders of bile, blood, mucus,
-difficulty of breathing, cough, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p776" class="par"><span class="parNum">776</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondur</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Loonia</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p777" class="par"><span class="parNum">777</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunaer</span> or <i>Kurneer</i>. It is of two kinds, the white
-called <i>Kurbaer</i>, and the red <i>Ruketphup</i>. The plant grows to
-the height of a man; its branches numerous, and growing from near the
-root; its leaves long as the bambu leaf and thicker, green and finely
-veined. It is hot and light; decreases eye-sight, useful in Juzam,
-boils and eruptions, acne, itch; is vermifuge, and may be ranked among
-the poisons. Its flowers kept in the house produce strife. The root and
-its bark is used as an application in cures of deficient aphrodisiac
-power. A. <i>Dufflie</i>. &ldquo;<i>Nerium Odorum.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p778" class="par"><span class="parNum">778</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonja</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Goonchee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p779" class="par"><span class="parNum">779</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kumbeela</span>.&mdash;Bitter, laxative, and hot; used in
-disorders of mucus, bile, and blood; is lithontriptic and vermifuge;
-cures Badgola, dropsy, and boils; its green leaves are cool and
-astringent to the stomach; it is called also <i>Kumbeel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p780" class="par"><span class="parNum">780</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gunduk</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Live Sulphur.&rdquo; In digestion it
-is bitter and hot, also soft; beneficial in Juzam, affections of the
-spleen, disorders of mucus and wind, and increases bile. It is an
-ingredient in many favorite prescriptions. A. <i>Ribreet</i>. Its aruk
-is excellent as an application in itch, and as a tonic is pungently
-acid and hurtful to the teeth; indeed so very acid is it, that it
-dissolves shells, and is called <i>Tezab</i>; but though acid, it is
-aphrodisiac. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb130" href="#pb130" name=
-"pb130">130</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>To make Tezab</i> (Sulphuric Acid).</p>
-<p class="par">Take a China cup, and make in it three holes, to suspend
-it (by a wire of zinc); place a lamp on a low triangle (tripod), and
-fill the lamp with sulphur; and making several wicks, mix them with the
-sulphur, and set fire to them; place the China cup under the tripod,
-and the aruk will come over into it by drops. Care must be taken to
-admit no wind; when this is lighted the smoke destroys cloth. I have
-written of the properties of this more at large in my other works.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>The properties of Sulphuric Acid.</i></p>
-<p class="par">It is hot, creates appetite, expels wind, strengthens
-the stomach, loins, and back. It is aphrodisiac, useful in disorders of
-mucus and blood, in paralysis, convulsions, and pains in the stomach,
-and discusses enlargement of the spleen, if taken to the quantity of
-from one to four soorkhs in water. It will cure tooth-ache if applied
-to the hollow of the tooth, but care must be taken that it <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e11687" title="Source: do">does</span> not come in
-contact with a sound tooth. It cures all kinds of Psora, whether dry or
-moist, applied by itself or in ointment. Taken internally with oil of
-roses, it loosens phlegm; applied to the white spots of leprosy, it
-will remove them. If nutmegs, cinnamon, and cloves be moistened with
-it, and dried, they will become powerful condiments.</p>
-<p id="p781" class="par"><span class="parNum">781</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunoocha</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mirve</i>.</p>
-<p id="p782" class="par"><span class="parNum">782</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundhur</span>.&mdash;A name for culinary greens&mdash;see
-<i>Chowlai</i>.</p>
-<p id="p783" class="par"><span class="parNum">783</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gundhka</span>.&mdash;A title of <i>Mudukpurnie</i>; it derives
-its name from the property of preserving the hair.</p>
-<p id="p784" class="par"><span class="parNum">784</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kunghi</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Malva Sylvestris.&mdash;(The Mallow)
-vide <i>Goolkhairoo</i>. The mallow, emollient and demulcent,
-Alth&aelig;a officinalis.&rdquo; The name of a flower-stem of India,
-about a man&rsquo;s height, more or less. Its leaves are round, smooth,
-serrated, and pointed. It is of two kinds, a small and larger, the
-leaves large and small accordingly. It has a small yellow flower;
-inside the seed vessel are many divisions, in which the seeds are
-contained. It is very useful in piles.</p>
-<p class="par">A man had the bleeding piles to an annoying degree of
-severity. A physician advised him to eat some of the leaves of this,
-bruised, and made up with pepper into pills; he made up <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb131" href="#pb131" name=
-"pb131">131</a>]</span>large pills or balls, and eat them as directed,
-and was cured in a few days. If the fresh leaves are used, they should
-be mixed with water and drank; if the dried leaves are preferred, they
-should be made into pills. It is mucilaginous and demulcent.</p>
-<p id="p785" class="par"><span class="parNum">785</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooroochna</span>.&mdash;or <i>Gooroochun</i>. A stone, of a
-yellow color, on which grass or moss grows; it is astringent and cool,
-beneficial in possession, and whoever keeps it by them, will escape the
-influence of all evils; it is useful in disorders of blood, and
-prevents abortion by its tonic property in giving strength to the
-uterus. It is the name for <i>Huzerool bukur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p786" class="par"><span class="parNum">786</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goorcha</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Menispermum cordifolium, W.
-<i>Guduchi</i>, S. <i>Citamerdu</i>, Van Rheede, H. M. vii. 39.
-<i>Menispermum Verrucosum</i>, Roxb. MS. <i>Putra Waly</i>. Jao.
-<i>Funis Felleus</i>, Rumph. Amb. v. 82. Sp. ch. perennial, scandent,
-verrucose, leaves cordate, acuminate, entire, smooth, male racemes from
-the naked branches simple, nectareal scales inserted in the filaments.
-Every part of this plant exceedingly bitter; used for the cure of
-intermittents; it is said by Captain Wright, to be as powerful a
-febrifuge as the Peruvian Bark. V. <i>Gillo</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p787" class="par"><span class="parNum">787</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrdun</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Koocha</i>, called also
-<i>Sutpootrie</i>. It is the name of the <i>Kooza</i> flower, red with
-a yellow fructification in the centre. It has a fine perfume, and a
-distilled water is made from it; it is a cinquefoil. One kind of it is
-the <i>Goolseutie</i>, P. <i>Aussureen</i>. This is white, but a third
-kind is also red. All three are cool, light, and aphrodisiac; useful in
-disorders of the three secretions and of blood. It is cardiac,
-astringent, and improves the complexion. I have found the white the
-most effectual, and have often used its conserve and distilled water in
-lowness of spirits.</p>
-<p id="p788" class="par"><span class="parNum">788</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gomenduk</span>.&mdash;A common stone, resembling in its
-properties the <i>Chanderkanth</i>.</p>
-<p id="p789" class="par"><span class="parNum">789</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooma</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India; sweet, pungent, hot, dry,
-heavy, aperient; used in disorders of wind, bile, mucus; in jaundice
-and in swellings, and is vermifuge. All this the author of the <i>Dhara
-Shekoi</i> has related. The common <i>Gooma</i> is different.</p>
-<p id="p790" class="par"><span class="parNum">790</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goww</span>.&mdash;A tree common in <i>Cashmere</i>, of a hot
-quality; used <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb132" href="#pb132" name=
-"pb132">132</a>]</span>in seminal weakness, inflammatory disorders of
-the nose, effects of poison, disorders of mucus, and Juzam. It is
-vermifuge; its fruit increases phlegm, and its gum is heavy,
-aphrodisiac; beneficial in disorders of wind.</p>
-<p id="p791" class="par"><span class="parNum">791</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kobhee</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Hieracum</i>, Bruce MS.&rdquo; This
-is of three kinds, one of which is used as food for the parroquet. Its
-leaf is like that of the radish when in an imperfect state. It is cool,
-light, and astringent; used in disorders of mucus, bile, and blood; in
-seminal weakness, cough, boils, eruptions, and fever, and produces
-wind.</p>
-<p id="p792" class="par"><span class="parNum">792</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowrbaghan</span>.&mdash;Cool; useful in general heat and
-disorders of blood.</p>
-<p id="p793" class="par"><span class="parNum">793</span> <span class=
-"sc">Godoon</span>.&mdash;A common grain used by villagers; tonic.</p>
-<p id="p794" class="par"><span class="parNum">794</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowruk</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Lawa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p795" class="par"><span class="parNum">795</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonj</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kulungh</i>. Its meat cures
-disorders of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p796" class="par"><span class="parNum">796</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonch</span>.&mdash;A medicine of Hindostan. If its seed-vessel
-be applied to the skin, it produces great itching; if it is washed in
-cow-dung and water, this effect will be removed. Its seed is like the
-bean, smooth, and of a purple color; it is hard, and if the end is cut
-off, and it be applied to the part stung by a scorpion, it will remove
-the pain, and cannot be removed till the poison is extracted; and when
-this is accomplished, it falls off itself, and will be found from its
-power of suction to have become much larger. It is sweet, increases
-semen, lengthens aphrodisia, and is useful in diffusion of bile in the
-blood. It is beneficial in old ulcers, and is a favorite ingredient in
-aphrodisiac formul&aelig;.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Kooch</i> is a medicine of India; its seed cold
-<i>and hot</i> in equilibrium; drying, aphrodisiac; strengthens the
-loins, useful in piles and cough, and increases the consistence of
-semen. If half a direm of the leaves be bruised with seven of the long
-fruit of the peepul in water, and given to drink, it will be found
-powerfully vermifuge. It also clears the intestines of all noxious
-matter. If 10 direms be bruised in 50 direms of water, and drank for
-seven days, it will cure Lues Venerea. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb133" href="#pb133" name="pb133">133</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">The succedaneum is <i>Aotungun</i>. The dose two direms
-of the seed. It is also called <i>Kooncha</i>, vide Kewanch.</p>
-<p id="p797" class="par"><span class="parNum">797</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowrie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cypr&aelig;a Monita.</i>&rdquo; P.
-<i>Khirmora</i>. It is sweet and pungent, cool and flatulent; used in
-bile and heat; beneficial in affections of the eyes and in blisters. If
-burnt and introduced into the ear, I have found it of use in diseases
-of that organ. It is excellent for cleansing and drying venereal
-sores.</p>
-<p id="p798" class="par"><span class="parNum">798</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kawaal</span>.&mdash;(<i>The Hog.</i>) Its meat is heating, moist,
-light, and increases semen to a great degree; induces corpulence,
-creates appetite, and is tonic. Its fat is very aphrodisiac as an
-external application; it is also useful as an application to the eyes,
-as a stomachic, preserving health, and producing aphrodisia. Is tonic;
-useful in sprains and disorders of the three secretions. P.
-<i>Khunzeer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p799" class="par"><span class="parNum">799</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowa</span>.&mdash;<i>The Crow.</i> P. <i>Zaagh</i> or
-<i>Kolagh</i>. A. <i>Ghorab</i>. Its properties are mentioned in Yunani
-works in India; it is also called <i>Koral</i>.</p>
-<p id="p800" class="par"><span class="parNum">800</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kokla</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Indian Cuckoo.</i>&rdquo; A black
-bird, which in the commencement of the hot weather has a fine and
-strong note; its flesh creates appetite, induces costiveness, and is
-useful in disorders of wind and mucus.</p>
-<p id="p801" class="par"><span class="parNum">801</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goh</span>.&mdash;<i>The Guana.</i> Its flesh is tonic,
-aphrodisiac, stomachic, and used in disorders of bile and wind. A.
-<i>Zubbub</i>. P. <i>Soosmar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p802" class="par"><span class="parNum">802</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kowadoorie</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Hubbunneel</i>.</p>
-<p id="p803" class="par"><span class="parNum">803</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gokhroo</span> also <i>Kunthphill</i>; cures difficulty of
-breathing, cough, and suppression of urine. Is lithontriptic; useful in
-affections of the heart and wind.</p>
-<p class="par">A. <i>Khussuk</i>. It is of two kinds, a cultivated and
-wild. Its plant is like the melon; its branches spreading widely on the
-ground. Its fruit is hard and triangular, with prickles on its angles;
-thus it is called <i>Gokhroo.</i> P. <i>Kharkhusuk</i>. There is a
-larger kind called <i>Gokhroo Dekanee</i>. In the <i>Dhunterri</i>, it
-is said to be beneficial in the three secretions, to create appetite,
-beneficial in dysentery and pains of the bowels, to increase semen,
-induce corpulency, to be cool, sweet, and aphrodisiac, tonic,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb134" href="#pb134" name=
-"pb134">134</a>]</span>useful in seminal weakness, gonorrh&oelig;a, and
-pains in the urinary bladder. &ldquo;<i>Tribulus
-Lanuginosus.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p804" class="par"><span class="parNum">804</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gowdunta</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>arsenic</i>, of a light red
-color.</p>
-<p id="p805" class="par"><span class="parNum">805</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gota</span>.&mdash;Sweet, bitter, pungent, hot, light, and
-aphrodisiac; useful in <i>Soorkhbad</i>, acne, cough, Juzam, and
-disorders of wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p806" class="par"><span class="parNum">806</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookurchundie</span>.&mdash;Obtains the name from its being an
-emetic to dogs.</p>
-<p id="p807" class="par"><span class="parNum">807</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kookurbangra</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kukrownda</i>.</p>
-<p id="p808" class="par"><span class="parNum">808</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondroo</span> or <i>Goonderuk</i>. A name for <i>Koondur</i>, a
-gum resembling <i>Mastich</i>, but more red; it cures disorders of
-wind, mucus, and fever; restrains perspiration; is aphrodisiac;
-strengthens memory; gives tone to the stomach, urinary bladder,
-brain.</p>
-<p id="p809" class="par"><span class="parNum">809</span> <span class=
-"sc">Googul</span>.&mdash;<i>Amygris Agalocha</i> (Roxb.) sweet and
-bitter, hot and aperient; increases appetite; increases the bulk of the
-solids, and is aphrodisiac; reunites fractured bones, discusses
-indurations; used in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, boils, eruptions,
-ill-conditioned ulcers, seminal weakness, <i>Juzam</i>,
-<i>Soorkhbad</i>, debility, emaciation, sweating sickness, acne, and
-swellings. The older it is the more effectual. It forms an ingredient
-in all favorite formul&aelig;. A. <i>Mukul</i>. One kind is called
-<i>Bhainsia Googul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p810" class="par"><span class="parNum">810</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goondinie</span>.&mdash;A common fruit of Hindostan, of a red
-color, and fine coat, about the size of the <i>Khalsa</i>, or larger,
-and more oval. It is aperient, suppurant, and vermifuge. It is sweet
-and cool; of use in cough and flatulence, but if taken in quantity,
-produces nausea.</p>
-<p id="p811" class="par"><span class="parNum">811</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gooha</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Perestpirnie</i>; also the name
-of an insect like the cricket, but larger; it makes much noise in the
-rains.</p>
-<p id="p812" class="par"><span class="parNum">812</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goolur</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ficus Glomerata.</i>&rdquo; A
-common fruit; when young, it is green, but when ripe, it becomes red,
-and in this state it is filled with small insects; it is said that if
-<span class="corr" id="xd24e12130" title="Source: eat">eaten</span>
-without being opened, it will be found beneficial for the eyes. It is
-called cool and dry; some say hot and moist: but in my opinion it is
-cool <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb135" href="#pb135" name=
-"pb135">135</a>]</span>and moist, and decreases bile. My father
-prescribed it in its unripe state in laxities of the bowels, and also
-in bleeding piles. The physicians of India have described it as
-astringent; it is slow of digestion. The bark of the tree is useful in
-ulcers, and as an external application in severe bruises. Water drank
-after its use, produces pain in the bowels. The <i>Goolur</i> eat with
-barley-meal or sugar, is useful in giddiness and heat in the liver. Its
-milk applied to boils, hasten suppuration or resolution.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Goolur</i> is cool and moist; useful in bilious
-complaints, heat, thirst, and running at the nose from heat. The
-decoction of the bark removes poison from wounds inflicted by the claws
-of the tiger, cat, or other animal. The root bruised in water is useful
-in dysentery, in a dose of two direms.</p>
-<p id="p813" class="par"><span class="parNum">813</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goonma</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pharnaceum mollugo.</i>&rdquo; The
-plant grows in waste and wild places, and is very common. It is about a
-yard high, and grows in the rains; it is many-flowered; and when young
-they are of a red color, but become grey when dry, and full of small
-holes; they are round and curled.</p>
-<p id="p814" class="par"><span class="parNum">814</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koonda</span>.&mdash;<i>Koonda</i>, called also <i>Pita</i>. A.
-<i>Midjdubeh</i>, and in P. <i>Puzdubeh</i>. It is a creeper; its
-leaves like the Gourd leaf, or larger; its fruit twice as large as a
-melon. When unripe, it is cooling, and useful in bilious disorders and
-wind; it increases mucus. When ripe, it is sweet and pungent; it is
-equal in its properties; light; creates appetite; assists digestion;
-useful in disorders of the stomach and of the three secretions. The
-fibres of its root, its leaves, and branches, are sweet; beneficial in
-disorders of wind and mucus; are lithontriptic: the soft part of the
-fruit is sweet, removes gravel and other disorders of the urinary
-bladder; cures bilious disorders, and is aphrodisiac. The particular
-mode of administering it, I have described in my other works. It is
-very useful as an aphrodisiac, and for increasing the bulk of the
-solids. <i>Cucurbita Pepo.</i><a id="xd24e12178" name=
-"xd24e12178"></a></p>
-<p class="par">Its sherbet is useful in all the disorders above
-mentioned, also in depression of spirits from heat, in mania or
-disordered imagination; increases appetite and evacuates bile.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb136" href="#pb136" name=
-"pb136">136</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>The sherbet is thus prepared</i>:</p>
-<p class="par">A piece is cut off from the end of the fruit, and the
-inside scooped out till the hand can be admitted; this is to be filled
-with fine sugar, taking care to preserve all the juice. The divided
-piece is then to be re-applied, the division secured with moistened
-flour; it is then placed in the sun, during the hot season, for four
-days, or in the cold weather for a week. It by this process becomes
-acid like oxymel; the juice is then taken out, strained, and seasoned
-with cardamums, saffron, musk, and cloves, or other articles as may be
-deemed proper, and preserved in bottles for use; the dose is four
-tolahs, but it will not keep good beyond a week.</p>
-<p id="p815" class="par"><span class="parNum">815</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khaer</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Kut</i>. &ldquo;<i>Acacia Catechu</i>,
-<i>Mimosa Catechu</i>. <i>Chadira</i>, S.<span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e12209" title="Not in source">&rdquo;</span> A tree of the
-jungles, from which Catechu is produced. It is called also
-<i>Cudder</i>. &ldquo;One of the best applications in ulcers I ever
-tried, is composed of <i>Catechu</i>, <i>Camphor</i>, and <i>white
-lead</i>, in equal parts.&rdquo;&mdash;Trans.</p>
-<p id="p816" class="par"><span class="parNum">816</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geerehti</span>.&mdash;A plant, about a yard high, or less; the
-largest kind is named <i>Geerehta</i>, also <i>Mahabela</i>. Its leaves
-are larger, as well as the tree, than the <i>Geerehtee</i>; but the
-latter is to be preferred as a medicine. It is sweet, cool, moist, and
-astringent, useful in Soorkhbad, disorders of bile, affections of the
-uterus, and clears the complexion.</p>
-<p id="p817" class="par"><span class="parNum">817</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kherie</span>.&mdash;An earth of a white color used in cleaning
-houses; one kind of it is called <i>Goorboghan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p818" class="par"><span class="parNum">818</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyrnie</span>.&mdash;One kind of it is named <i>Chupuk</i>. It is
-the fruit of a very large tree, of a yellow color, about the size of a
-date, but thicker; both kinds are cool and moist, heavy and tonic;
-useful in thirst, delirium, heaviness of the head, and disorders of all
-the secretions. If the kernel is bruised in water and applied to the
-eyes, it will remove opacities of the cornea&mdash;this I know from my
-grand-father&rsquo;s experience.</p>
-<p class="par">In my opinion, it is cardiac and stomachic, and gently
-astringent; when ripe it is very generally useful. Some have called it
-hot in the second and dry in the first degree. If eaten when unripe,
-there is fear of its producing cholic. Its corrector is dhaie. The
-kernel is bitter. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb137" href="#pb137"
-name="pb137">137</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p819" class="par"><span class="parNum">819</span> <span class=
-"sc">Koontanduk</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Rice</i>, like the
-<i>Saatee</i> in its properties.</p>
-<p id="p820" class="par"><span class="parNum">820</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghora</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Asp.</i> The horse; its meat is sweet to
-the taste, but bitter in digestion. It is light, creates appetite,
-increases bile and mucus, beneficial in disorders of wind, and
-increases aphrodisia. It is generally tonic, and strengthens the eyes.
-I have often eat of it, and believe it to be hot and tonic, but it is
-hurtful to those of hot temperament. In some countries, it is used as
-food, and it was so used by Vizier Nawab Kumruddin Khan. I have
-remarked, that when used in this country as food by the natives of
-other countries, it produces a fermentation in the blood, and
-consequent eruptions in the mouth and tongue. Its properties are
-particularly noticed in Yunani works, and I have conversed with many
-who considered the milk of the mare excellent as a stomachic and
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p821" class="par"><span class="parNum">821</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khutmul</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Saas</i>. A. <i>Fusafush</i>. It is
-bred in beds or other furniture. Its smell is very useful in epilepsy;
-bruised in water and used as an injection into the urethra, it will be
-found useful in suppression of urine.</p>
-<p id="p822" class="par"><span class="parNum">822</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kujoor</span>.&mdash;<i>Ph&oelig;nix dactylifera</i> or
-<i>Ph&oelig;nix Silvestris</i> or <i>Khurjoor</i>. A. <i>Kittub</i>. It
-has many fruits, even to the number of many hundreds: in its properties
-it is very similar to the <i>Pind-Kajoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p823" class="par"><span class="parNum">823</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khaperia</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Tooti</i>. P. <i>Sungbusseri</i>. It
-is useful in affections of the eyes and eye sight. Its powder
-beneficial for cleaning and healing ulcers. Its ointment I have noticed
-in my other publications. I have known a person who used it commonly as
-a tonic to the stomach, and for correcting laxities of the bowels. It
-is also used in Indian Recipes, but I have never seen that any
-physician of celebrity recommended its use.</p>
-<p id="p824" class="par"><span class="parNum">824</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keera</span> or <i>Kheera</i>. One kind of this is bitter, but
-both are cool and dry, diuretic, and aperient; useful in disorders of
-bile, lithontriptic, and beneficial in suppression of urine. The ripe
-fruit is sweet and little astringent. The Balum-kheera is a kind of
-this, but of less efficacy. The large kind, from its efficacy and
-scarcity, was usually sent to the emperor by the Marwar Rajah. It is
-highly spoken of for the cure of Remittent Fever. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb138" href="#pb138" name="pb138">138</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p825" class="par"><span class="parNum">825</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khand</span>.&mdash;Heavy, creating appetite, tonic, aperient;
-useful in thirst, general heat, delirium, disorders of bile and wind;
-but if eaten to excess it produces bile.</p>
-<p id="p826" class="par"><span class="parNum">826</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khylakhylie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Silleekha</i>. Its rind is
-hard and thick, and of a round shape; it is of a reddish clay color. It
-is the bark of a tree; some say it is not the <i>Silleekha</i>, but
-that it nearly resembles it. It forms an ingredient in formul&aelig;
-for strengthening the loins and kidnies. It dries up the vagina, and is
-used by women in the cold season as an ingredient in
-<i>Peendie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p827" class="par"><span class="parNum">827</span> <span class=
-"sc">Ghekwaar</span> or <i>Ghwar</i>. &ldquo;<i>Aloe Perfoliata</i>, W.
-<i>Ghrita Cumari</i> and <i>Taruni</i>, S. <i>Elwa</i> (the gum), H.
-<i>Musebber</i>, A. <i>Suc d&rsquo;Aloes</i> (the gum), F. <i>Glausinde
-Aloe</i>, G. <i>Aloe</i>, I. <i>Aloe</i>, Sp.&rdquo; It is the
-<i>Sibr</i> plant, and is in height about a yard, becoming small
-towards the top; it is full of juice of an offensive smell; it (the
-leaf) is serrated on the edges, and is of a green color. It is bitter,
-cool, and aperient, useful in affections of the spleen and liver,
-disorders of mucus, bile, blood, fever, blisters, and hardness of the
-skin; and slightly increases bile. If rubbed with water on the hands,
-fire may be held with impunity. Its juice is well known as a medicine,
-mixed with anise seed; it is excellent in pains of the bowels. I have
-written more of its virtues in my other works, and the prescription
-there mentioned is excellent in all disorders from cold. The pulp of
-the leaf with alum and opium is excellent in ophthalmia; its juice
-dropt into the eye.</p>
-<p id="p828" class="par"><span class="parNum">828</span> <span class=
-"sc">Goongchee</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Abrus Precatorius.</i>
-<i>Gooncha</i>, H. <i>Gunja</i>, S. The seed called <i>Retti</i>, H.
-<i>Rectica</i>, S. The root of the plant coincides very exactly in
-appearance, taste, and medicinal qualities with the liquorice root, and
-is sold for it in the bazar; vide <i>Glycine Abrus</i>, Linn,
-Flem.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Goongchee</i>, called also <i>Retti</i>, is hot and
-dry; its dose one direm. In the opinion of the people of India, it is
-cool and dry in the third degree. It is emetic, and violently
-purgative, and is considered a poison. If the Goongchee is reduced to a
-coarse powder, moistened with water, and bruised and fried in sweet
-oil, till it is dissolved; this oil applied in the morning to the head,
-and <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb139" href="#pb139" name=
-"pb139">139</a>]</span>washed off at night, and this repeated for 21
-days, it will greatly increase the growth of the hair; its leaves and
-branches thus prepared have the same effect</p>
-<p class="par">If the <i>Red Goongcha</i>, having its bark peeled off,
-be coarse pounded to the quantity of eight ounces, and boiled in eight
-pounds of cow&rsquo;s milk, till only three pounds remain, then
-coagulated, and its butter extracted; the butter will reproduce hair on
-any parts which may have been deprived of it by venereal or other
-disease, and the effect will take place by its continuance for a
-fortnight. The <i>white Goonchee</i>, in the quantity of two direms,
-given internally for three days, with sugar, to a woman, will render
-her barren.</p>
-<p id="p829" class="par"><span class="parNum">829</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khelowrie</span>.&mdash;The name for the composition of certain
-pills, about the size of <i>Peepul</i> seed, sold covered with silver
-leaf; they are highly scented, and improve the smell of the mouth; they
-enliven the spirits and strengthen the stomach. They are made of Kuth
-in this manner:</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Catechu</i> is first mixed well with water, and
-the precipitate taken for use. This is boiled in cow&rsquo;s milk, or
-sometimes in the above-mentioned water; then <i>Musk Amber</i> and
-<i>Rose-water</i> are added, or the distilled water of <i>Keora</i>,
-and from this the pills are formed.</p>
-<p id="p830" class="par"><span class="parNum">830</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khull</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kus&rsquo;boosum seem</i>; the
-refuse of <i>Till</i>. It is heavy and flatulent, weakens eye-sight; is
-aphrodisiac; and is used as a soap to remove grease from the hands.</p>
-<p id="p831" class="par"><span class="parNum">831</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khopra</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Narzeel</i>. Its properties
-mentioned in Yunani works.</p>
-<p id="p832" class="par"><span class="parNum">832</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khewumberie</span>.&mdash;The wild fig; useful in white leprosy.
-All Indian physicians use the root in this disease, both internally and
-externally; some have called it hot, others cold; it is likewise named
-<i>Kewumber</i>.</p>
-<p id="p833" class="par"><span class="parNum">833</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khesoo</span>.&mdash;A root; the leaf of its tree resembles a
-tiger&rsquo;s claws. Its flower is yellow; the tree large and common
-all over the jungles, and becomes of a red color like fire.</p>
-<p id="p834" class="par"><span class="parNum">834</span> <span class=
-"sc">Khynth</span>.&mdash;A tree of India; its fruit acid like the
-apple when unripe; it is light; cures thirst, hiccup, disorders of wind
-and bile. It clears the throat; is difficult of digestion, and
-strengthens <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb140" href="#pb140" name=
-"pb140">140</a>]</span>the stomach, and is lithontriptic; beneficial in
-fulness of the head, and is cool and dry in the second degree.</p>
-<p id="p835" class="par"><span class="parNum">835</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gheyd</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Vulture</i><a id="xd24e12543"
-name="xd24e12543"></a>. Its flesh is beneficial in disorders of the
-eyes; it is a bird of prey; hot and dry: it is of a black color, though
-some have described it as grey. The <i><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e12546" title="Corrected by author from: Baar">Baaz</span></i> and
-<i>Joorra</i> are used in hawking. A. <i>Okab</i>, P. <i>Aal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p836" class="par"><span class="parNum">836</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kinchua</span>.&mdash;A name of <i>Kherrateen</i>. The earth-worm.
-It is used in oil and fomentation as an aphrodisiac, and for this
-purpose the most powerful is the <i>Lumbricus</i> discharged from the
-human subject.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par">It is said, that if the <i>Kinchua</i> be dried and
-mixed with dhaie, it will contract the vagina. If it be mixed with
-sweet oil, and boiled, and in this <i>Zaftroomie</i> (pitch) be
-dissolved, and the mixture externally applied, it will increase the
-size of the male organ. From the worm a kind of copper is procured,
-which is called in India <i>Paak Tamba</i>. If put in the mouth it has
-this effect, that the taste of the neeb, or pungency of chunam will not
-be perceptible. It is an antidote to all animal as well as vegetable
-poisons, and hydrophobia; useful in want of power in the digestive
-organs and pains in the bowels. Its powder is useful in the
-<i>Soorkhbad</i>, and kept in the mouth, prevents thirst; and if kept
-about the person a snake will not approach or bite. Thus
-prepared:&mdash;The fresh worms are taken and put into a copper vessel,
-over them is poured lime juice, and the vessel well luted, is placed on
-the fire; when well boiled, the medicine will be found adhering to the
-top and sides of the vessel.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another mode.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of white lead and borax, each eight direms;
-turmeric and bullock&rsquo;s bile, each four direms; worms and honey,
-each 24 direms; mix and fry the whole in cow&rsquo;s <i>ghee</i>, and
-when fried, make the mass into balls. Place these balls in an earthen
-vessel on the fire, and by means of bellows increase the heat, and keep
-it so, for some time; and when taken off the fire, the <i>Paak
-Tamba</i> will be found in small grains at the bottom. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb141" href="#pb141" name="pb141">141</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p837" class="par"><span class="parNum">837</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gyndha</span>.&mdash;<i>Rhinoceros.</i> A four-footed beast,
-larger than the buffaloe. Its skin black and indented; it is very hard,
-and used for making shields, which are held in great estimation. It has
-a horn near its nose. Its flesh is used in disorders of wind, and
-decreases urine and f&aelig;ces. The smoke of the horn while burning is
-excellent in the cure of piles, and for producing easy labour; drinking
-water from a cup made of the horn will also cure the piles. P.
-<i>Kurguddun</i>.</p>
-<p id="p838" class="par"><span class="parNum">838</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kenkra</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is cool, and strengthens the seven
-component parts of the body; is aphrodisiac, and remedies profuse
-discharge of the menses. &ldquo;<i>The Crab.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p839" class="par"><span class="parNum">839</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kesur</span> or <i>Kunkum</i>. <i>Saffron.</i> It is pungent and
-hot; exhilirates the spirit; useful in hiccup and in affections of the
-skin from a taint in the blood; it is beneficial in head-ache; allays
-vomiting; is vermifuge; cures boils and disorders of the three
-secretions, and cleans the complexion. P. <i>Zaffraan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p840" class="par"><span class="parNum">840</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyte</span>.&mdash;When unripe, it is light; induces costiveness;
-used in disorders of the three secretions. When ripe, it becomes of a
-bitterish sweet, and is useful in dropsy, eruptions of the mouth, and
-in wind. It is heavy, clears the throat, is slow of digestion, and
-allays thirst.</p>
-<p id="p841" class="par"><span class="parNum">841</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kytiputtrie</span>.&mdash;Its leaves resemble the <i>Kyte</i>; it
-is hot and pungent; used in disorders from poison, phlegm in the
-throat, and seminal weakness.</p>
-<p id="p842" class="par"><span class="parNum">842</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kyloot</span>.&mdash;Cool, astringent; useful in eruptions of the
-mouth, in mucus, and flatulent disorders.</p>
-<p id="p843" class="par"><span class="parNum">843</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keora</span>.&mdash;<i>Pandanus Odoratissimus</i>, (Roxb.) It is
-like the <i>Ketki</i>, but it is twice as large; its leaves are
-prickly, and about the same thickness throughout. It is in fact like a
-head of Indian corn before its leaves recede. It has a very powerful,
-penetrating, diffusible scent, more perceptible at a distance than when
-close; and after it is dried the smell remains. If it is put amongst
-linen, the smell will adhere to it for a length of time. The plant is
-about 12 feet high; its leaves resemble the Juwar, and are long and
-trefoil, with prickles upon all of them; it flowers when four years
-old. Earth is thrown up round the roots every <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb142" href="#pb142" name=
-"pb142">142</a>]</span>year. In the Deccan and in Behar, it is very
-common. A distilled water is made from its flowers, which is cardiac
-and stomachic.</p>
-<p id="p844" class="par"><span class="parNum">844</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kethki</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Pandanus Odoratissimus</i>, for it is
-a kind of Keora. The <i>Sirrunkethkie</i> is also a species of
-this.</p>
-<p id="p845" class="par"><span class="parNum">845</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kewanch</span>.&mdash;Sweet, hot, heavy, and aphrodisiac; produces
-an increased secretion of semen. Its seed is useful in disorders of
-wind, and is also aphrodisiac. It is a name for <i>Kabeakudje</i>, and
-that is a species of Curruf&rsquo;s junglee. It is also a name for
-<i>Dolichos Pruriens</i> or Cow-itch.</p>
-<p id="p846" class="par"><span class="parNum">846</span> <span class=
-"sc">Kela</span>.&mdash;<i>Musa Paradisiaca.</i> The <i>Plantain</i> or
-<i>Banana</i>. The tree is straight, about the height of a spear. Its
-leaves, when young, come out in the form of a round ruler, and are soft
-as satin, and much resembling it, with cross marks resembling the
-plaits of cloth. The leaf when expanded is very long and broad. Its
-flower is a hard substance, of a pyramidal shape, and covered with
-leaves of a dark-red color. Every tree which has flowered bears 70 or
-80 plantains, formed in distinct rows round a centre stem, and the tree
-bears only once. And the fruit ripe, the tree must be cut down, to
-leave room for others to spring up from the same root. There are many
-kinds of this fruit. The best kind is small, and called
-<i>Imrutbean</i>; and the people of India have said that the camphor is
-produced from it: but those who say so are ignorant, the camphor tree
-is very different. Its root is tonic; beneficial in disorders of bile,
-blood, and mucus, and in gonorrh&oelig;a; but it weakens aphrodisia.
-The fruit is sweet, cool, moist, and heavy; increases flatulence and
-mucus; useful in disorders of bile, blood, wind, and heat of the chest.
-A. <i>Mooz</i>. The natives of India dress the unripe fruit with meat,
-or even dress it alone; and the Hindoos dress the heart of the branches
-for food. This I have found very effectual as an aphrodisiac and for
-increasing semen, and as a tonic to the brain. It weakens the stomach,
-and is heavy; its corrector is cardamum seed. The Yunani physicians
-say, that its correctors are honey, gum, and ginger.</p>
-<p id="p847" class="par"><span class="parNum">847</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keetkarode</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Baraicund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p848" class="par"><span class="parNum">848</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keekur</span> or <i>Babool</i>. &ldquo;Acacia Arabica, W.
-<i>Babool</i>, H. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb143" href="#pb143"
-name="pb143">143</a>]</span><i>Barbura</i>, <i>S. Babool ka Goond</i>
-(the gum), H. The bark, like that of most of the Acacias, is a powerful
-astringent, and is used as a substitute for Oak bark in tanning by
-leather-manufacturers in India. <i>Gomme Arabique</i>, F. <i>Arabischen
-Gummi</i>, G. <i>Gomma Arabica</i>, I. <i>Vullam pisin</i>, Tam.&rdquo;
-A common prickly tree of the jungles; its leaves very numerous and
-small; it is of two kinds, a large and a small. The young trees have
-very numerous prickles, the old trees have fewer; its bark kept in the
-mouth relieves cough. Its leaves heated and applied to the eye removes
-heat and inflammation; both kinds are astringent, hot, and pungent,
-useful in cough, mucus, and diseases proceeding from mucus; restrain
-laxatives of the bowels, and are useful in piles. The young leaves
-infused for a night in water, in the morning bruised in the water, and
-this drank, will be found very useful in gonorrh&oelig;a and itchiness
-of the bladder.</p>
-<p id="p849" class="par"><span class="parNum">849</span> <span class=
-"sc">Keet</span> or <i>Keetie</i>. The refuse or scori&aelig; of iron;
-it is sweet, pungent, and hot; beneficial in wind, worms, cholicks,
-seminal weakness, and swellings.</p>
-<p id="p850" class="par"><span class="parNum">850</span> <span class=
-"sc">Gehoon</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Gundum</i>. A. <i>Hinta</i>. It
-is oleaginous and slow of digestion; facilitates the junction of
-fractured bones. Is soft, tonic, useful in mucus, and increases semen.
-Its oil is beneficial in <i>Daad</i> and swellings from vitiated bile.
-The oil is thus made:&mdash;White Gehoon is moistened for a night in
-water, and in the morning the oil is extracted.</p>
-<p id="p851" class="par"><span class="parNum">851</span> <span class=
-"sc">Geroo</span>.&mdash;It is sweet, astringent, and cool; useful in
-ulcers; clears the skin; beneficial in piles, heat, and incipient
-phlegmon. It resembles the Gilermonie, and is often substituted for
-it.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e12807" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">LAM</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p852" class="par first"><span class="parNum">852</span>
-<span class="sc">Laak</span>.&mdash;Common lac is a kind of wax, formed
-by the <i>Coccus Lacca</i>: cool, moist; clears the color of the skin;
-is aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of mucus, blood, bile; and is
-vermifuge. It also cures boils, eruptions, acne, bruises, and Juzam,
-and removes possession by evil spirits. I have found it to be very
-aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p class="par">This is the gum of the <i>Baer</i> tree. There is one
-kind of Seed Lac, which when melted becomes like this.</p>
-<p id="p853" class="par"><span class="parNum">853</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahi</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Ulsee</i>.</p>
-<p id="p854" class="par"><span class="parNum">854</span> <span class=
-"sc">Langullie</span>.&mdash;The name of a shrub, pungent and hot;
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb144" href="#pb144" name=
-"pb144">144</a>]</span>useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and ulcers,
-also in affections of the stomach and bowels; is laxative.</p>
-<p id="p855" class="par"><span class="parNum">855</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lubhera</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e12850" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;Hot; antidote to poison; useful in
-blisters, boils, acne, and Juzam; strengthens the hair of the head; is
-aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind, blood, and in hectic
-fever.</p>
-<p id="p856" class="par"><span class="parNum">856</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lublie</span> or <i>Lolie</i>. A high tree with very numerous
-leaves and branches; the leaves are smooth and shining, and when
-rubbed, have a sweet smell: they are of a yellowish color. Its bark is
-soft and flexible; the fruit like the Malkungnie, but of a dark-purple
-color. The properties of the fruit are, that it cures disorders of
-blood, and piles, superabundance of wind, and eruptions of the mouth.
-It is light, and the kernel of the seed is of the same nature.</p>
-<p id="p857" class="par"><span class="parNum">857</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lutoobrie</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Soonitjhal</i>. The plant
-is about half a yard in height, it grows in the hot weather on the
-banks of the rivers or near water; brought in contact with the skin, it
-produces itching and pimples. The Hindoos use it as pickles by cutting
-the branches in pieces, infusing them in water for several days till
-they become sour. It is hot, and its juice very useful in ringworm. It
-in the first place causes a great discharge of water from the parts,
-and then heals them up. If it is bruised and applied for three days to
-parts void of sensation, it will produce blisters, and the water being
-discharged, and common ointment applied to the parts, the cure will be
-found complete. It dissipates wind. The leaves resemble Tirriteruk; the
-flower is yellow like the <i>Baboona</i>.</p>
-<p id="p858" class="par"><span class="parNum">858</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lydoaloo</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mimosa Natans.</i>&rdquo; Bitter,
-astringent, and cool; used in the cure of disorders of mucus and bile,
-eruptions from diffusion of bile, pains or inflammation in the female
-parts of generation, and restrains diarrh&oelig;a. It is sensitive, and
-contracts to the touch. I have seen the plants, and noticed that the
-leaves resembled those of the tamarind, but are smaller. Its branches
-small, with very minute prickles. It is said that it grows to a yard in
-height, and that it is so very sensitive that it contracts if a shadow
-passes over it.</p>
-<p id="p859" class="par"><span class="parNum">859</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichmuna</span>.&mdash;The female called <i>Lichmunie</i>. It is
-cool, aperient, and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of wind,
-bile<a id="xd24e12896" name="xd24e12896"></a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb145" href="#pb145" name="pb145">145</a>]</span>and
-mucus. It is the name of the Nuffaa, also called the small
-<i>Kuthui</i>.</p>
-<p id="p860" class="par"><span class="parNum">860</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichmiphill</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Bele</i>.</p>
-<p id="p861" class="par"><span class="parNum">861</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lichkutch</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Burhel</i>, also called
-<i>Lukitch</i>.</p>
-<p id="p862" class="par"><span class="parNum">862</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lukmunia</span> and <i>Lukmunie</i>. Names for <i>Litchmuna</i>.
-In A. called <i>Beroogus sunum</i>. P. <i>Mirdumgeea</i>.</p>
-<p id="p863" class="par"><span class="parNum">863</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loodh&rsquo;phup</span>.&mdash;Sweet, cool, moist, and light;
-tonic, astringent, and diuretic; relieves disorders of bile, and
-slightly increases mucus and wind.</p>
-<p id="p864" class="par"><span class="parNum">864</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lodh</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Simplocus Racemosa.</i>&rdquo; A kind
-of this is white<span class="corr" id="xd24e12963" title=
-"Not in source">.</span> I have not seen the tree; the bark is brought
-from the hills; thick, and of a white color; both kinds are astringent,
-cool, and aperient; strengthens the eyes; beneficial in disorders of
-mucus, blood, and swellings; useful in vomiting of blood, and is
-laxative. Its flower is sweet, bitter, and astringent; of use in
-affections of the eyes and mucus; increases the consistence of semen,
-and is an ingredient in all aphrodisiac formul&aelig;. The particular
-manner of its administration I have given in my other publications. The
-<i>Lodh Pytanee</i> is a kind of this.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i><span class="corr" id="xd24e12971" title=
-"Source: Maadenterzerrubad">Maadentezerrubad</span>.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Lodh</i> is of two kinds, one from <i>Guzeerat</i>,
-of a reddish clear color, the other from the hills of Hindustan, of a
-dirty greenish hue, and underneath reddish. The latter is used by the
-dyers, and the former in medicine. It is beneficial in disorders of the
-eyes; it is cool, dry, and astringent; restrains vomiting of blood;
-generally styptic, and as a cold application, removes pain of the eye.
-Dose one <i>miskal</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">865</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lawa</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Perdix Chinensis.</i>&rdquo; A bird
-smaller than the partridge; of this the people of India have enumerated
-four kinds&mdash;<i>Bansal</i>, <i>Goruk</i>, <i>Goonderuck</i>, and
-<i>Durber</i>. The meat of three of them is cool, moist, cardiac,
-astringent, and stomachic. The first kind is hot, increases mucus, and
-beneficial in disorders of wind. The second kind is useful in mucous
-disorders. The third kind is light; its properties in equilibrium;
-useful as food for the debilitated.</p>
-<p id="p866" class="par"><span class="parNum">866</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loonia</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i><span class="corr" id="xd24e13016"
-title="Source: Portulacca">Portulaca</span> oleracea.</i>&rdquo;
-Culinary greens; another kind is called <i>Koonder</i>. Both are
-saltish to the taste, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb146" href=
-"#pb146" name="pb146">146</a>]</span>and sweet during digestion; cool
-and dry, heavy and aperient; increase wind and flatulent swellings of
-the abdomen, also bile and mucus. The other kind is understood to be
-hot; useful in difficulty of breathing, disorders of mucus, and
-increases flatulence.</p>
-<p id="p867" class="par"><span class="parNum">867</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loha</span>.&mdash;<i>Ferrum</i>, <i>Iron</i>. <i>Ayas</i>, S.
-Sweet and astringent, cool and aphrodisiac, aperient and heavy; useful
-in disorders of mucus and bile, and in swellings; it produces wind. Its
-scori&aelig; are called <i>Rubusool hudeed</i>; it is given both in
-powder and pills: the method of its preparation I have given in my
-other works. I have given iron in piles from cold, also for
-strengthening the stomach, for lengthening aphrodisia, and generally as
-an aphrodisiac. I have also exhibited it with success in dropsy. It is
-commonly used by physicians in India, but my advice is to have as
-little to do with it as possible.</p>
-<p id="p868" class="par"><span class="parNum">868</span> <span class=
-"sc">Long</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Caryophillus Aromaticus.</i>&rdquo;
-A. <i>Kurnphul</i>. Its properties are particularized in Yunani works.
-If it be introduced into an apple, and the apple left to dry, then
-taken out, I have found it an excellent tonic to the stomach,
-possessing a cardiac property, useful in vomiting, and aiding
-digestion. The apple also will have become possessed of the same
-qualities.</p>
-<p id="p869" class="par"><span class="parNum">869</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lobaan</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Libanus Thurifera</i>, Coll.
-<i>Boswellia</i>, Roxb. <i>Olibanum</i>, <i>Frankincense</i>.
-<i>Encens</i>, F. <i>Styrax Benzoin</i>, Murr. Resin of <i>Boswellia
-serrata</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; The vizier of <i>Ackber Shah</i> has written,
-that this is a gum brought from beyond sea. It has a fine and
-penetrating smell when burnt; some call it <i>Meeayabisa</i>. It is
-very plentiful in this country.</p>
-<p class="par">It would seem to be hot in the 2nd degree. In the
-refined state, it is most powerful, and very little of it will be
-sufficient.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Loban</i> is called in P. <i>Hussunluba</i>. The
-people of India know it as a gum; its color is red, and mixed with
-pieces of white and black as large as a cowrie. It is hot in the 2nd
-degree and dry in the 1st. Its internal use is tonic to the stomach and
-brain; it discusses wind, removes phlegm, and is useful for removing
-running at the nose. In those of a hot temperament it removes
-head-ache. Its corrector is oil of the Banufsha or Khushkhash.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb147" href="#pb147" name=
-"pb147">147</a>]</span>Its succedaneum Ladun and Mastichi in equal
-parts. The dose is from half direm to two direms. What is called in
-India Sut Loban is white, clear, and shining, like Talc, and is much
-used in mucous disorders and in paralysis. It is also beneficial in bad
-breath. It is stomachic, aphrodisiac, and assists digestion. The dose
-two soorkhs in Paan. The expressed oil, applied to the penis, is
-aphrodisiac, and also useful in disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p870" class="par"><span class="parNum">870</span> <span class=
-"sc">Loni</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Neemuk</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p871" class="par"><span class="parNum">871</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lolie</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e13124" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;A name for <i>Lublie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p872" class="par"><span class="parNum">872</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lomrie</span>.&mdash;<i>The Fox.</i> A name for the <i>Sheghal</i>
-or <i>Sial</i>.</p>
-<p id="p873" class="par"><span class="parNum">873</span> <span class=
-"sc">Longmushk</span>.&mdash;The name of a flower; its shrub about two
-yards in height, but of great diameter. It is white, sweet-smelling,
-hot, cardiac, and strengthens the brain.</p>
-<p id="p874" class="par"><span class="parNum">874</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lobeia</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Dolichos Sinensis.</i>&rdquo; A
-common culinary grain; hot and dry; creates flatulence; is diuretic,
-and increases the menstrual flux. It has also the effect of producing
-very unpleasant dreams.</p>
-<p class="par">The red <i>Lobeia</i> procures the expulsion of the dead
-f&oelig;tus ex utero, and if ate with cow&rsquo;s ghee, it strengthens
-the digestive organs. A. <i>Dizzer</i>. P. <i>Bakla</i>.</p>
-<p id="p875" class="par"><span class="parNum">875</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahsun</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Allium Sativum</i>, W.
-<i>Lasuna</i>, S. <i>Ail</i>, F. <i>Knoblauch</i>, G. <i>Aglio</i>, I.
-<i>Ajo Sativo</i>, S.&rdquo; Hot and moist; heavy, aperient,
-aphrodisiac; promotes digestion, and is useful externally in sprains
-and hurts; increases the hair and knowledge, also bile and blood;
-beneficial in disorders of mucus, wind, difficulty of breathing, cough,
-Badgola, intermittent fever, swellings, piles, Juzam, and seminal
-weakness. It is vermifuge, tonic, and cures loss of appetite. It is an
-ingredient in all favorite prescriptions.</p>
-<p class="par">Its sherbet I have used with much effect in cases of
-paralysis. One kind of <i>Lahsun</i> is called <i>Agbooptah</i>. A.
-<i>Mowseer</i>. As a tonic, this is to be preferred, and its pickles
-are held in great estimation.</p>
-<p id="p876" class="par"><span class="parNum">876</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lasora</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Sobestens Cordia Myxa</i>, W. A.
-<i>Sepista</i>.&rdquo; Its leaves bruised and applied to
-ill-conditioned ulcers, will cure them in 10 days. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb148" href="#pb148" name="pb148">148</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p877" class="par"><span class="parNum">877</span> <span class=
-"sc">Lahusoonia</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Dedawrie</i>. A.
-<i>Aynulhur</i>. See <i>Vidoorie</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e13242" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">MEEM</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p878" class="par first"><span class="parNum">878</span>
-<span class="sc">Malkungnie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Ceanothus
-Americanus?</i> <i>Celastrus.</i>&rdquo; A seed resembling <i>Anbus
-saleb</i>, but smaller and variegated; its upper rind is green, inside
-which is red, and withinside this is found the seed fine long and of a
-reddish color; it is bitter and pungent, hot and aperient; useful in
-affections of wind and mucus, difficulty of breathing, and cough. It
-increases understanding and memory. In India, those who try its effects
-use it in many ways. One method is to eat one seed the first day, two
-the 2nd, and so on, increasing by one till 40 seeds are eaten in a day,
-then decrease in the same proportion. Some use it this way for only
-eight days, after which they continue to take this quantity without
-increase, and during its use, they abstain from all acids, sour milk,
-radishes, <i>Till</i>, limes, mustard, and other articles of this
-nature; during this time also, they separate beds from their wives.</p>
-<p class="par">It increases the tone of the vessels; preserves health
-and strength.</p>
-<p class="par">The Hindoos enumerate many virtues of which the drug is
-possessed. It is understood to be hot in the 1st degree, and dry in the
-3rd. It is a favorite ingredient in fomentations, unguents, and
-prescriptions for aphrodisia and paralysis. It is in very general
-use.</p>
-<p id="p879" class="par"><span class="parNum">879</span> <span class=
-"sc">Madhooie</span>.&mdash;A flower of India; cool and light, and
-useful in disorders of the three secretions.</p>
-<p id="p880" class="par"><span class="parNum">880</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mansrowhnee</span>.&mdash;A purgative medicine, useful in
-disorders of wind, bile, and mucus, and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p881" class="par"><span class="parNum">881</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maak</span>.&mdash;<i>Phaseolus Max.</i> A name for <i>Aorde</i>,
-called also <i>Maash</i>; it is sweet during digestion; hot, heavy and
-aphrodisiac; used in disorders of wind; is tonic; a preservative to
-health, increases semen, milk, and fat; also mucus and bile; clears the
-urinary secretion; beneficial in piles, paralysis, affections of the
-liver, difficulty of breathing, and Badgola; said to be useful in
-cholic, but as to the three latter, I am not so certain about them, and
-suspect it might prove more likely to increase them.</p>
-<p id="p882" class="par"><span class="parNum">882</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maad</span>.&mdash;The water in which rice has been boiled, and in
-which the rice has become decomposed; it is cool, astringent;
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb149" href="#pb149" name=
-"pb149">149</a>]</span>creates appetite; expels wind, mucus and bile;
-softens the muscles, and is beneficial in bilious or mucous fevers.</p>
-<p id="p883" class="par"><span class="parNum">883</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maien</span>.&mdash;Acid, astringent, cool, and light; contracts
-the vagina; useful in dysentery, disorders of bile, blood, and mucus;
-also affections of the throat. A. <i>Kuzmazidge</i>. P.
-<i>Kurmar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p884" class="par"><span class="parNum">884</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maachik</span>.&mdash;A name for honey of a reddish color; it is
-sweet, cool, dry, and light; reduces corpulency, strengthens vision,
-increases understanding, and beneficial in seminal weakness. The fresh
-kind is moist and aperient; that which is old is dry, and if heated is
-hurtful. I mean that which has been fermented, and that produced in hot
-climates.</p>
-<p id="p885" class="par"><span class="parNum">885</span> <span class=
-"sc">Majoophill</span> or <i>Maijphill</i>. A. <i>Affix</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Alleppo Galls</i>, <i>Quercus Cerris</i>, <i>Quercus
-Robur</i>.&rdquo; It is hot and astringent; useful in wind; blackens
-the hair, and contracts the vagina.</p>
-<p id="p886" class="par"><span class="parNum">886</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maankund</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Istolekund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p887" class="par"><span class="parNum">887</span> <span class=
-"sc">Malook</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Palook</i>.</p>
-<p id="p888" class="par"><span class="parNum">888</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahesingie</span>.&mdash;The author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i> has
-called this the water-scorpion; see <i>Beechoo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p889" class="par"><span class="parNum">889</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maat</span>.&mdash;The name of a culinary green, used as food. If
-the root of this plant be cleared of the bark, and 100 tolahs of this
-be boiled in 100 tolahs of milk, and as much fine honey, over a gentle
-fire, taken out and put in a vessel for use, it will be found highly
-useful in reproducing the secretion of milk in the breast of a woman,
-and is thus used: The woman is to anoint her body with sweet oil, then
-bathe in warm water, after which a little of this to be ate, and care
-taken that no wind obtain admission to the place where she sleeps; this
-done for 14 days, milk will be produced in great abundance.</p>
-<p id="p890" class="par"><span class="parNum">890</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maashpurnie</span>.&mdash;Obtains its name from its leaves
-resembling <i>Maash</i>; it is called also <i>Makonie</i>; it is cool,
-dry, sweet, and pungent to the taste. Increases semen and mucus; useful
-in fever, eruptions of the mouth, dryness of the fauces, disorders of
-blood, and costiveness.</p>
-<p id="p891" class="par"><span class="parNum">891</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muttur</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Pisum Sativum.</i> P.
-<i>Kusshuba</i>.&rdquo; Hot, heavy, and aperient; increases wind, bile,
-and blood; is diuretic, and increases secretion of milk; useful in
-external swellings and disorders <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb150"
-href="#pb150" name="pb150">150</a>]</span>of mucus, weakens eye-sight
-and decreases semen. One kind is called <i>Betla</i>, and another is
-very small; both of these are sweet to the taste; in digestion cool,
-light, and astringent; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and bile,
-and it is the best food for cows.</p>
-<p id="p892" class="par"><span class="parNum">892</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muttreegurba</span>.&mdash;The eggs of fish. Moist, heavy, and
-aphrodisiac; tonic; induces corpulency, increases mucus and the bulk of
-the solids; brings on heaviness of the spirits and indolence, and cures
-seminal weakness.</p>
-<p id="p893" class="par"><span class="parNum">893</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muchechi</span>.&mdash;Cool and astringent; useful in Juzam,
-disorders of bile and blood, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p894" class="par"><span class="parNum">894</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mucheli</span>.&mdash;Hot, moist, heavy, aphrodisiac, and tonic;
-increases phlegm and bile; beneficial in the seven dhats, and useful in
-disorders of wind.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>river fish</i> is the best, and most powerful as
-an aphrodisiac, and tonic. The <i>tank fish</i> are cool, heavy, moist,
-and aphrodisiac, also diuretic. <i>Well fish</i> are aphrodisiac and
-diuretic, increase mucus, cause disorders of the bowels and Juzam, and
-are flatulent. The <i>fish of jheels</i>, or large pieces of water,
-have the same properties as the <i>tank fish</i>; and those of small
-pools or puddles are sweet, moist, tonic, and useful, and cure
-disorders of wind. <i>Salt-water fish</i> produce bile in a slight
-degree, and are heavy. <i>All fish</i> induce costiveness and decrease
-the strength of the eyes, and the clearer the water, the more
-beneficial and more powerful are the properties of the fish. It will be
-prudent not to use well fish in cold weather. One kind of fish is very
-small, and named Pothee, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p895" class="par"><span class="parNum">895</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mujeeth</span>.&mdash;&rsquo;<i>Rubia Munjith</i>, Roxb. MS. Sp.
-ch. pentandrous, perennial, scandent, branches with four hisped angles,
-leaves quatern, long-petioled, cordate, acuminate, 5&ndash;7-nerved,
-hisped.&rsquo; &ldquo;<i>Madder</i>: given in the quantity of one pice
-weight in milk, several times repeated, its effects are very powerful;
-it affects the whole nervous system, produces profuse sweating,
-temporary delirium, mental agony and tears, with an evident
-determination to the uterine system.&rdquo;&mdash;<i>Trans.</i></p>
-<p class="par">A root of a red color, used by the dyers. It is an
-emmenagogue, and its taste is sweet, bitter, astringent; hot and heavy;
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb151" href="#pb151" name=
-"pb151">151</a>]</span>clears the voice and complexion; useful in
-disorders from poison, mucus, blood, swellings, ophthalmia, itchiness
-of the liver, pains, in the female parts of generation; Juzam,
-eruptions, acne, boils, seminal weakness, and dysentery. Its green
-leaves are sweet to the taste, moist, and create appetite, and
-beneficial in bilious disorders. A. <i>Foo</i>. H. <i>Aal</i>, q.
-v.</p>
-<p id="p896" class="par"><span class="parNum">896</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moojkund</span>.&mdash;A small plant; pungent, bitter; useful in
-mucous disorders, cough, and itch. It is very common in hilly
-countries.</p>
-<p id="p897" class="par"><span class="parNum">897</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhraa</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kakoli</i>, from its sweet
-taste so called.</p>
-<p id="p898" class="par"><span class="parNum">898</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muddenphill</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mynphill</i>.</p>
-<p id="p899" class="par"><span class="parNum">899</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudden</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Moom</i>.</p>
-<p id="p900" class="par"><span class="parNum">900</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudh</span>.&mdash;<i>Honey.</i></p>
-<p id="p901" class="par"><span class="parNum">901</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moodukpurnie</span> or <i>Rakanie</i>. Cool; beneficial in cough,
-wind, blood, bilious heat, fever, semen, and eye-sight; it is also
-called <i>Maagpurnie</i>. It is called <i>Mudukpurnie</i>, from its
-leaf so nearly resembling that of the <i>Moong</i>; <i>Muduk</i> being
-a name for <i>Moong</i>, and <i>purn</i>, a leaf.</p>
-<p id="p902" class="par"><span class="parNum">902</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhoolka</span>.&mdash;A kind of grain; its properties the same
-as the <i>Muckund</i>.</p>
-<p id="p903" class="par"><span class="parNum">903</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mudhkurkuttie</span>.&mdash;A kind of rice; sweet, cool, and
-heavy; increases blood and causes eruptions in the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p904" class="par"><span class="parNum">904</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorhurrie</span>.&mdash;Sweet and bitter, heavy and aperient;
-cures disorders of bile, blood, mucus, wind, thirst, affections of the
-heart, itch, Juzam, and fever.</p>
-<p id="p905" class="par"><span class="parNum">905</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moora</span>.&mdash;A leaf resembling the <i>Mendhi</i>, brought
-from Lahore; cool and light; cures possession from evil spirits; is
-vermifuge, and useful in disorders of bile, wind, and blood; also in
-Juzam.</p>
-<p id="p906" class="par"><span class="parNum">906</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merg</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Ahoo</i>. Its flesh is sweeter than of
-any other animal; a little acid and saltish; bitter, pungent, and
-astringent; it is cool and light, flatulent; creates appetite; useful
-in disorders of all the secretions; is tonic, cardiac, beneficial in
-fever, and is an excellent medicated food.</p>
-<p id="p907" class="par"><span class="parNum">907</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murua</span>.&mdash;Some say this is hot and light in the 3rd
-degree, and some that it is in equilibrio; it loosens mucus from the
-head, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb152" href="#pb152" name=
-"pb152">152</a>]</span>and dispels wind. If boiled in vinegar, and used
-as an external application to the head, it will remove obstructions
-that produce head-ache. Prepared in this way, it also removes swellings
-or eruptions caused by heat or irritating applications. It is cardiac
-and stomachic, discusses collections of bile, removes the effects of
-any animal poison, Juzam, and disorders of mucus and wind. Is
-vermifuge. A. <i>Isoomulphar</i>.</p>
-<p id="p908" class="par"><span class="parNum">908</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorhuttee</span> or <i>Mudhserda</i>. Cool, heavy, tonic, and
-aperient; allays thirst and nausea, and relieves disorders of bile. A.
-<i>Isilloosoos</i>; it is the <i>Baboonie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p909" class="par"><span class="parNum">909</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merch</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Piper Nigrum</i>, W. <i>Maricha</i>,
-San. <i>Poivre</i>, F.&rdquo; Pungent, penetrating, stimulant,
-carminative; hot and dry; useful in disorders of mucus, wind,
-difficulty of breathing, and internal itchiness; is vermifuge; expels
-bile, and assists digestion.</p>
-<p id="p910" class="par"><span class="parNum">910</span> <span class=
-"sc">Merchai</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hubboneel</i>; hot, dry, and
-laxative; removes viscid bile, also mucus and worms.</p>
-<p id="p911" class="par"><span class="parNum">911</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mursa</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Amaranthus oleraceus.</i> A
-potherb.&rdquo; An esculent, succulent vegetable, which when boiled
-with salt and butter is sweet, high-flavored, and aperient.</p>
-<p id="p912" class="par"><span class="parNum">912</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mernal</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e13685" title=
-"Not in source">.</span>&mdash;The stem of the <i>Kawul</i> flower.</p>
-<p id="p913" class="par"><span class="parNum">913</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murorphillie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Helieteres Isora.</i>&rdquo;
-A medicine of India. P. <i>Kistburkisht</i> (<i>Sheeraree Pechuc</i>);
-a long twisted shrub, having a single flower, of a purple color; its
-leaves resemble the scorpion&rsquo;s tail; hot and dry in the 2nd
-degree; some call it hot in the 1st and dry in the 2nd degree. It
-assists digestion, and clears the skin; removes thickened and viscid
-mucus, and forms an ingredient in all children&rsquo;s medicines. As an
-external application, it is useful in swellings from cold, in itch or
-daad, expels wind, and decreases milk or semen; its corrector is
-<i>Hubbeh senobir</i>; its succedaneum thrice its weight of <i>Sibr</i>
-(aloes). Dose one direm.</p>
-<p id="p914" class="par"><span class="parNum">914</span> <span class=
-"sc">Missie</span>.&mdash;A shrub of India, about a yard high; its
-branches thin and its leaves like the Kussowndie: its branches are
-knotted, and when slit open, an insect is found in them, which is given
-to the <i>Boolbul</i>, when training them to fight. Its flower is very
-small, of a reddish yellow, like the <i>Gowzeban</i>; it is also called
-the <i>Kakjunga</i>, q. v. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb153" href=
-"#pb153" name="pb153">153</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p915" class="par"><span class="parNum">915</span> <span class=
-"sc">Musoor</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Adiess</i>. A common grain of the pea
-tribe; cool, light, and astringent; useful in disorders of mucus, bile,
-and blood, and is sweet during digestion.</p>
-<p id="p916" class="par"><span class="parNum">916</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mustchagundka</span>.&mdash;A kind of sugar, useful in eruptions
-from diffused bile, seminal weakness, delirium, nausea, and thirst.</p>
-<p id="p917" class="par"><span class="parNum">917</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mukoond</span>.&mdash;Sweet to the taste; bitter in digestion; hot
-and dry; light; decreases corpulence; induces costiveness and wind; it
-is a kind of grain.</p>
-<p id="p918" class="par"><span class="parNum">918</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muggur</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Tumsa</i>. (The Alligator.) Its flesh
-is greasy and heavy; used in disorders of wind, and increases mucus and
-semen.</p>
-<p id="p919" class="par"><span class="parNum">919</span> <span class=
-"sc">Muko</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Anbus saleb</i>. P.
-<i>Sugangoor</i>. Very beneficial in swellings. Its juice is useful in
-increasing the eyesight, and for restraining the menstrual flux; cool
-and moist.</p>
-<p id="p920" class="par"><span class="parNum">920</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mug Peepul</span>.&mdash;A kind of Peepul.</p>
-<p id="p921" class="par"><span class="parNum">921</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moogta Sukut</span>.&mdash;A name for the shell of the
-pearl-oyster; it is sweet and pungent, used in mucous disorders,
-difficulty of breathing, pains of the chest and bowels, and loss of
-appetite.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">922</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moogtaphill</span>.&mdash;A name for the pearl.</p>
-<p id="p923" class="par"><span class="parNum">923</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mukhara</span>.&mdash;Commonly called <i>Mukhana</i>, <i>Euryale
-ferox</i>. It is cool and heavy, useful in disorders of wind, mucus,
-and blood; is aphrodisiac, and increases semen; and is found very
-beneficial to women after labor. It is often called <i>Talmukhana</i>,
-but it is quite a different medicine.</p>
-<p id="p924" class="par"><span class="parNum">924</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mullagheer</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, the wood of which is
-very heavy, and full of veins. It is brought from a distance; when
-pounded, it is of a reddish black color, has fine smell, and is used in
-India for dying and for giving a pleasant odour to clothes. It is
-cardiac, strengthens the brain, and gives a pleasant effluvia to the
-perspiration; cures discolorations of the skin of the face, and in some
-Indian works is called a species of Sandal. Its properties are the same
-with <i>Rukutchunden</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb154" href=
-"#pb154" name="pb154">154</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p925" class="par"><span class="parNum">925</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mulleka</span>.&mdash;A kind of the flower of the <i>Rai-bele</i>:
-it is hot, light, aphrodisiac; cures disorders of wind, eruptions of
-the mouth, and all affections thereof.</p>
-<p id="p926" class="par"><span class="parNum">926</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mulleen</span>.&mdash;A root of India, of a clay color; hot, dry,
-and pungent; if bruised and applied to the head, it kills vermin; it
-destroys maggots in ulcers; the leaves possess the same property. I
-knew a man who had severe head-aches from maggots in the brain: I
-squeezed the juice of this into the nose, it killed and brought them
-away.</p>
-<p id="p927" class="par"><span class="parNum">927</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moondie</span>.&mdash;A. <i>Raderyoos</i>. &ldquo;<i>Spheranthus
-Indicus.</i>&rdquo; It is also called <i>Tuppodenie</i>, so denominated
-from its being used in penance; if any one preserves a constant respect
-for this, he will become the peculiar favorite of Heaven. It is also
-called <i>Srawanie</i>; this name is derived from the circumstance of
-its bearing fruit in the month <i>Srawun</i>. The leaf is somewhat like
-the mint, the flower round or globulated, and of a rose-color; it has a
-sweet smell, and is a medicine of great virtue. It is sweet and a
-little bitter, but very much so during digestion; it is hot, light;
-increases understanding; is vermifuge; useful in boils and eruptions of
-an obstinate nature; is pungent; cures pains in the parts of generation
-of the female, marasmus, gonorrh&oelig;a, and disorders of bile. If the
-plant be pulled out by the root before it flowers, and dried in the
-shade, and ate with wheat flour, cow&rsquo;s ghee, and sugar, it will
-restore and preserve youth, and prevent the hair from becoming grey;
-and if pounded and often used in powder, it will be found peculiarly
-tonic. If its seed be ate with sugar, it will preserve health to the
-extreme of old age.</p>
-<p class="par">An old man is said to have eaten a preparation of this
-for a year constantly: the strength of youth was restored to him, and
-he lived to the age of 205 years. The physicians of India declare this
-to be the basis of the <i>Elixir Vit&aelig;</i>. If the plant is taken
-before it flowers, and is bruised and eaten with ghee and honey, both
-the strength and appearance of youth will be preserved. Indeed, the
-extent of its virtues is only known to the most scientific of
-physicians. If its flowers are eaten for 40 days, the same effect will
-be produced; and the root used without intermission for <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb155" href="#pb155" name="pb155">155</a>]</span>a
-year, incalculable benefit will be the result. If the root and leaves
-be bruised and eaten for three days, with cow&rsquo;s milk and honey,
-it will be found highly aphrodisiac. If one of the seeds be swallowed
-without water, the eye-sight will be preserved, and no affection of the
-eyes will take place for a year. If two are swallowed, the eye-sight
-will be preserved for two years, and <i>so on</i>. I used it myself in
-my infancy, or early days, and have preserved my sight in a wonderful
-manner. My uncle used the distilled water of this, in depression of the
-spirits, and as a cardiac, with great success: he sometimes distilled
-from equal parts of this and <i>Gowjeban</i>, at other times with other
-cardiac medicines. If half a masha of the oil of this be ate with
-<i>Paan</i> in the cold weather, it will produce a genial warmth over
-the body; it will also remove affections from cold, and be found
-aphrodisiac. The oil is thus procured:</p>
-<p class="par">The plant is moistened with water, and then rubbed
-between the hands with any sweet-scented oil, but not too much; it is
-then to be extracted in the same manner as that of <i>Agur</i> is
-procured. If a chittack of the following oil be eaten daily for 40
-days, and during this time abstaining from intercourse with woman, it
-will be found that the aphrodisiac power will have become so great,
-that it will seem wonderful. It is thus prepared:</p>
-<p class="par">Take the leaves, root, and all parts of the plant;
-bruise them, sprinkling a little water over them; then squeeze out 20
-seers of the juice, and add to it five seers of sweet oil; boil the
-whole till the juice shall have evaporated, and the residue is the oil.
-Some use the medicine in this manner. During the months of August and
-September, with cow&rsquo;s ghee. In April and May, with honey. In June
-and July, with sugar. In February and March, with congee. In October
-and November, with cow&rsquo;s milk; and in December and January, with
-sour milk. The author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i> has said that the root
-is to be bruised in a copper vessel, with a pestle of the Neeb tree,
-adding a little water, till it has become black; then taken up by
-dipping cotton into it, and preserved for use. In the ophthalmia, a
-little of the cotton moistened and applied to the eye, will remove the
-disease. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb156" href="#pb156" name=
-"pb156">156</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Moondie</i> is a medicine of India, of two kinds, a
-large and small; its flowers are like buttons, and it is of a
-bitterish, astringent taste. It is cool and dry in the 1st degree, and
-is, in the opinion of some, in equilibrium: both kinds of it are
-beneficial in disorders of the blood, white leprosy, epilepsy,
-heart-burn, elephantiasis, cough, incessant vomiting, diarrh&oelig;a,
-flatulence, all disorders of the eyes, feverish head-ache, itch, heat
-in the chest, marasmus, and all bilious disorders; it creates appetite,
-and is aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p928" class="par"><span class="parNum">928</span> <span class=
-"sc">Munn</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Morh&oelig;marh</i>. A.
-<i>Hujuroolheya</i>. A stone found in the nape of the neck of a snake
-of the Cobra species, but it is not found in all; when in the reptile,
-it is soft, but it hardens by exposure to the air. It has a variegated
-surface, and its virtues are these, that if rubbed on a blue or black
-woollen cloth, it will deprive the cloth of its color; also, if applied
-to any part bitten by a reptile, it will adhere till it shall have
-extracted the poison. If it be put into milk, it will change its color.
-If it is applied to the bite of a snake, it will extract the poison.
-And if it be eaten, no snake can ever by its bite produce hurtful
-effects on your system.</p>
-<p id="p929" class="par"><span class="parNum">929</span> <span class=
-"sc">Munsul</span>.&mdash;Bitter, pungent, hot, and moist; heavy and
-aperient; an antidote to poisons; cures affections of mucus, blood,
-difficulty of breathing, and cough; clears the color of the skin,
-reduces corpulency; and removes possession by evil spirits. It is
-called <i>Zernikh Soorkh</i>. &ldquo;Red Sulphuret of
-Arsenic.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p930" class="par"><span class="parNum">930</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moondookpurnie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Birumbie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p931" class="par"><span class="parNum">931</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mundar</span>.&mdash;A small shrub, of two kinds; both bitter,
-pungent, hot, and laxative; useful in disorders of mucus, and increase
-of fat in the abdomen, itch, and swellings; and is an antidote to
-poisons.</p>
-<p id="p932" class="par"><span class="parNum">932</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moot</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Shasha</i>, or <i>Kumeer</i>. A.
-<i>Bowl</i>. Urine. That of cows, buffaloes, horses, goats, camels,
-rams, and men, is saltish and bitter; dry, light, aperient, and
-cardiac; increases appetite and relish for food; useful in general
-swellings; clears the brain and all excretory passages; increases bile;
-beneficial in disorders of wind, Badgola, piles, and dropsy; is
-vermifuge, and used in <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb157" href=
-"#pb157" name="pb157">157</a>]</span>Juzam, marasmus, flatulence,
-internal itchiness, and want of appetite.</p>
-<p class="par">Cow&rsquo;s is the best and most effectual.
-Elephant&rsquo;s urine is an antidote to poisons, and generally
-vermifuge; useful in <span class="corr" id="xd24e13963" title=
-"Source: Jumaz">Juzam</span> and Badgola. Buffalo&rsquo;s, beneficial
-in swellings, Badgola, piles, marasmus, and seminal weakness.
-Horse&rsquo;s is aperient; cures disorders of mucus, and <i>Daad</i>.
-Goat&rsquo;s is an antidote to poisons; removes difficulty of
-breathing, jaundice, and marasmus. Ram&rsquo;s cures emaciation,
-swellings, Juzam, piles, seminal weakness, and costiveness. Ass&rsquo;s
-is lithontriptic; useful in seminal weakness, Juzam, idiotism, internal
-itchiness, and dropsy, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p class="par">Human urine is an antidote to poison, and particularly
-tonic. When a choice is to be made between male and female, this rule
-may be observed. Of the cow, sheep, and goat, the female; of elephant,
-horse, camel, and ass, the male; also the male of the human subject.
-Should a person at any time feel symptoms of indigestion, and be afraid
-of the consequences, a little of his own urine will relieve all
-unpleasant sensations and expedite digestion, but this can only be
-resorted to by people of no caste.</p>
-<p id="p933" class="par"><span class="parNum">933</span> <span class=
-"sc"><span class="corr" id="xd24e13977" title=
-"Corrected by author from: Moonjee">Monje</span></span>.&mdash;The leaf
-and external fibrous covering of a kind of reed like grass, used to
-make rope. It is equally cold and hot; useful in acne, disorders of
-blood, diseases of the eyes, and all complaints affecting the urinary
-bladder, or urethra.</p>
-<p id="p934" class="par"><span class="parNum">934</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mooser</span>.&mdash;Sweet, bitter, heavy; promotes appetite,
-cures piles and disorders of wind; increases semen, and is an
-ingredient in all tonic prescriptions. I fancy this is the
-<i>Shukakool</i>.</p>
-<p id="p935" class="par"><span class="parNum">935</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moocherus</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bombax Heptaphyllum.</i> The
-tree.&rdquo; The gum of the <i>Sembill</i> tree, also so named by the
-author of the <i>Dhara Shekoi</i>, but it is commonly understood to be
-the flower of the <i>Soopearie</i> tree. It is cool, heavy, and
-astringent; increases semen; restrains diarrh&oelig;a; increases the
-tone of the digestive organs; removes disorders of blood, bile, mucus,
-and general heat. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb158" href="#pb158"
-name="pb158">158</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Moocherus</i> is of two kinds, one according to some
-is the gum of the <i>Sahajena</i>, and by the account of others, that
-of the <i>Sembill</i> tree. It is red, heavy, and difficult of
-digestion. The other kind is the flower of the <i>Soopearie</i>; both
-kinds are cool, dry, astringent, and aphrodisiac; strengthen the back,
-kidnies, and loins; increase semen, and lengthen aphrodisia. Its
-corrector is sugar and cow&rsquo;s ghee. The succedaneum is
-<i>Kummarkuss</i>.</p>
-<p id="p936" class="par"><span class="parNum">936</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mohuk</span> also <i>Bohuk</i>; useful in disorders of mucus and
-wind, and slightly increases bile; some have said that this is the
-<i>Mowa</i>.</p>
-<p id="p937" class="par"><span class="parNum">937</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mokhun</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree, hot and astringent;
-useful in diseases of wind and mucus, in worms in the stomach, and pain
-therefrom, rheumatic pains in the joints and bones, and its gum is
-aphrodisiac; increases the bulk of the muscles, and of use in disorders
-of bile and wind.</p>
-<p id="p938" class="par"><span class="parNum">938</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moong</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Phaseolus Mungo.</i>&rdquo; And one
-kind, which grows wild. It is cool, dry, light, and astringent; used in
-disorders of mucus and bile; strengthens the eyes, and is fit and
-proper food for the sick; it however weakens the stomach&mdash;this I
-know by experience. If given to a person of weak digestive organs, it
-will be passed unchanged, although other food will be digested. I
-therefore conclude that it is too difficult of assimilation to be used
-with advantage, as here recommended. It weakens aphrodisia. P.
-<i>Maash</i>.</p>
-<p id="p939" class="par"><span class="parNum">939</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moth</span>.&mdash;A grain of India; cool; some say in
-equilibrium. It is dry, quick of digestion, and if used with
-cow&rsquo;s ghee, its flavor will be much improved. It cleanses the
-blood, is sweet during digestion, relieves wind, and removes laxities
-of the bowels; some indeed have called it aperient: cures mucus
-disorders, strokes of the wind or sun, and removes fever. It produces
-worms.</p>
-<p id="p940" class="par"><span class="parNum">940</span> <span class=
-"sc">More</span>.&mdash;The <i>Peacock</i>? Its flesh is hot,
-aphrodisiac, and tonic; beneficial in diseases of the ear, colds,
-dryness, and creates appetite; increases understanding, thickens the
-hair of the head, strengthens eye-sight, cleans the voice, and
-beautifies <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb159" href="#pb159" name=
-"pb159">159</a>]</span>the complexion. It ought to be ate in the cold
-season, as it is not so beneficial in the hot winds and rains. P.
-<i>Taous</i>.</p>
-<p id="p941" class="par"><span class="parNum">941</span> <span class=
-"sc">Morba</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India. Its root hard, and of a
-clay color; hot and dry in the 2nd degree: used as an external
-application in swellings of the throat, and one direm of it eaten, it
-will loosen phlegm from the throat.</p>
-<p id="p942" class="par"><span class="parNum">942</span> <span class=
-"sc">Motha</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cyperus rotundus.</i> <i>Cyperus
-pertenuis</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; A name for Saad; bitter, astringent, and
-cool; inducing costiveness; assisting digestion; used in disorders of
-blood, mucus, bile, and fever; removes thirst, and is vermifuge.</p>
-<p id="p943" class="par"><span class="parNum">943</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moom</span>.&mdash;Soft and greasy, cures pain of bruises; and
-boils; assists the growth of granulations in wounds, and the junction
-of fractured bones; useful in affections of wind, blood, and Juzam. A.
-<i>Shuma</i>.</p>
-<p id="p944" class="par"><span class="parNum">944</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mookul.</span>.&mdash;Restrains laxities of the bowels, is heavy
-and tonic; useful in disorders of bile and wind, creates appetite, and
-is very aphrodisiac.</p>
-<p id="p945" class="par"><span class="parNum">945</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moolie</span> or <i>Moolug</i>.&mdash;Hot and light, creates
-appetite, clears the voice, benefits affections of the throat, the
-olfactory nerves, and the three secretions; dried, it is light and very
-beneficial in piles, swelling, stone and gravel. Salt extracted from
-the radish in the usual way, by being dried and burned, is diuretic;
-useful in suppressions of urine, and promotes digestion.</p>
-<p id="p946" class="par"><span class="parNum">946</span> <span class=
-"sc">Motie</span>.&mdash;Its properties nearly resembling those of
-<i>Chunder Kanth</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p947" class="par"><span class="parNum">947</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moonga</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mirjhan</i>; bitter and sweet;
-useful in disorders of bile, heat, wind, and mucus; increases semen and
-is cardiac.</p>
-<p id="p948" class="par"><span class="parNum">948</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mowlserie</span>.&mdash;<i>Mimusops Elengi.</i> <i>Bukool</i>, H.
-Sweet, astringent, and cool; causes intoxication, raises the spirits
-and is an antidote to poisons. Its flowers have a sweet smell; the
-fruit is cool, sweet, and astringent; improves the color of the skin,
-and imparts a pleasant taste to the mouth. I have found the fruit to be
-cardiac and stomachic; the root is beneficial in seminal weakness, in
-strengthening the loins, and increasing the consistence of semen. Its
-name is also <i>Bowlserie</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb160"
-href="#pb160" name="pb160">160</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Bowlserie</i> is cool and dry; its bark and root
-useful in thickening semen, and remedying too great seminal
-irritability: if its bark is boiled in milk, and as a gargle, it will
-remove tooth-ache. The flowers are somewhat hot, cardiac, and
-stomachic; its distilled water is intoxicating, and useful in disorders
-of bile, thirst, and delirium.</p>
-<p id="p949" class="par"><span class="parNum">949</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mooslee</span> or <i>Mooslicund</i>.&mdash;Sweet and cool; removes
-bile and heat; increases a proper secretion of mucus, and if eaten with
-sweet oil, it will relieve discharges from the nose from cold. Used
-with rock salt, it will increase appetite; with water it will remove
-pains in the bowels. It is of several kinds: black and white. The
-former resembles the Shakakool, but the bark of the Shakakool is white,
-whereas this is black; the white kind is thin, and resembles <i>Mahi
-roobyan</i>, called also <i>Mooslie Dukanee</i>. Another kind is also
-white, and thinner than the black kind, yet thicker than the
-<i>Dukanee</i>. All three kinds are used in aphrodisiac formul&aelig;;
-some have called it hot, and useful in piles and disorders of wind. If
-half a direm be taken with <i>Zeera</i>, it will be found beneficial in
-Jaundice; and if taken with equal parts of good ginger, it will cure
-indigestion. If eaten with the leaves of <i>Punskisht</i> in equal
-parts, it will remedy offensive perspiration, and with
-<i>Streephill</i>, it will remove seminal weakness; with <i>Peepul</i>,
-it will cure Hydrophobia, and with <i>Anula</i> it cures
-intermittents.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Mooslie</i> is of two kinds, black and white; the
-black is called <i>Mooslie Dukanee</i>, dry in the first degree, and
-hot in the second; some say hot in the first degree and dry in the
-second. It is aphrodisiac, and increases semen; removes head-ache from
-phlegm and seminal weakness, (3 direms with as much of the white of the
-cocoanut.) In giddiness it is administered with honey; as a tonic with
-milk and <i>Isgun</i>; for injuries of the labi&aelig; and vagina with
-<i>Darfelfil</i>; for carbuncle with <i>Zemicund</i>; for dropsy, with
-camel&rsquo;s milk or <i>Mocoe</i> water. As an antidote to poison,
-with <i>Kawanch</i> seed; in quartan ague, with cold water; in
-<i>Soorkhbad</i>, with <i>Tirphilla</i>; in habitual fever, with
-cow&rsquo;s urine; in pains in the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb161"
-href="#pb161" name="pb161">161</a>]</span>bowels, with hot-water; in
-the bite of a snake, with sugar, honey, or <i>Tincar</i>; in deafness,
-with mint or <i>Kanjee</i> for seven days; in black jaundice, with
-<i>Baberung</i>; and for gonorrh&oelig;a or diabetes, with water.</p>
-<p class="par">In the opinion of the Hindoos, this is the best of all
-medicines, and the black kind the most powerful for medicinal
-purposes.</p>
-<p id="p950" class="par"><span class="parNum">950</span> <span class=
-"sc">Moorsheka</span>.&mdash;A tree, whose leaves growing like the
-plume of the peacock, has obtained for it this name. It is sweet and
-acid; useful in disorders of bile, wind, mucus, and heat.</p>
-<p id="p951" class="par"><span class="parNum">951</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mogra</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Jasminum Zambac.</i>
-<i>Magorium.</i>&rdquo; A flower very common; sweet and cool, and of a
-pleasant smell; raises the spirits; removes bile; improves weakness of
-sight, affections of the mouth, and ulcers. There are seven kinds of
-it.</p>
-<p id="p952" class="par"><span class="parNum">952</span> <span class=
-"sc">Musakunie</span>.&mdash;A shrub of two kinds, the first rises only
-about four inches, more or less, and has on both sides of it two
-leaves, like a mouse; the other kind remains on the ground, like the
-leaf of the <i>Doodie</i>. Its flower is of a blue color; the first
-kind is scarce: both are hot, bitter, and diuretic, and useful in
-disorders of bile and mucus; it is called <i>Murzunjoosh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p953" class="par"><span class="parNum">953</span> <span class=
-"sc">Maha Moondie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Moondie</i>, of a larger
-kind; its flower as large as the <i>Kudum</i> flower; its properties
-the same as the <i>Bhoomkudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p954" class="par"><span class="parNum">954</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahwa</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Bassia latifolia.</i>&rdquo; A tree
-as large as the mangoe; its leaves large and thick; its wood used in
-building, very common to the eastward. A spirit is distilled from its
-flower; its fruit is named <i>Kelownda</i>; the unripe shell of it
-dressed with meat much improves its flavor. It is hot and dry. One kind
-of it is named <i>Rahisphill</i>. The decoction, the distilled water
-and spirit, have an offensive smell, produce giddiness, and much
-subsequent uneasiness. The flower when just blown is white, but as it
-becomes ripe assumes a yellow color like the <i>Benowlee</i>, but
-larger, and it is sweet to the taste. The kernel of its fruit gives an
-oil of a white color, and is used to adulterate ghee. Its properties
-are said to be, that it is useful in mucus and wind, and cicatrizes
-wounds. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb162" href="#pb162" name=
-"pb162">162</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Its flower is cool and heavy; aphrodisiac; increases the
-secretion of milk and semen, also mucus; useful in disorders of bile,
-blood, wind, and in hectic fever. Called <i>Goolchukan</i>.</p>
-<p id="p955" class="par"><span class="parNum">955</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahkee</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet to the taste; hot and
-moist, also heavy; useful in disorders of wind, and has a soporific
-property. It is aphrodisiac, increases semen, strengthens memory, and
-preserves health. It is a name for the buffalo. A. <i>Jamoos</i>.</p>
-<p id="p956" class="par"><span class="parNum">956</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mohoka</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cuculus Castaneus</i>, Buch.&rdquo;
-A bird, the note of which is sounded <i>okok</i>, it is also called
-<i>Uka</i>. Its brain mixed with perfumes, and used as a cephalic in
-cases of palsy of the tongue, and paralysis, produces sneezing, and
-gives relief. Its blood is used to extract thorns or heads of arrows
-from the flesh. Its brain, mixed with sugar and given to children,
-produces distinct articulation. The flesh is said to be hot and dry,
-and to strengthen memory. Its f&aelig;ces is used as a medicine in
-difficulty of breathing.</p>
-<p id="p957" class="par"><span class="parNum">957</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahaneem</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Melia sempervirens</i>,<a id=
-"xd24e14374" name="xd24e14374"></a> W. The leaves of this species of
-the bead tree have a nauseous taste, devoid of astringency.
-Flem.&rdquo; Its taste is bitter and astringent; it is cool and dry;
-removes laxities of the bowels; useful in disorders of mucus, bile, and
-blood. Is vermifuge; allays vomiting and nausea, and is very powerful
-in Juzam. It is commonly called <i>Bucaen</i>. <i>Shaikh Boo Ali
-Seyna</i>, in his work called <i>Kanoon</i>, has written, that
-<i>Azad</i> is the name of a poisonous tree; and <i>Hakeem Ally</i> has
-written, that the <i>Azad</i> is the <i>Bucaen</i> tree; others too
-have followed him up, and stated it to be the <i>Bucaen</i>: but as I
-have repeatedly exhibited the <i>Bucaen</i>, I know that it possesses
-no poisonous qualities, consequently this must either be a mistake or a
-false statement. In the <i>Moasoodie</i>, it is written, that the
-<i>Bucaen</i> is a tree of India, cool, dry, astringent, vermifuge,
-beneficial in Juzam, eruptions, disorders of blood, and that it is
-lithontriptic. If three direms of the seed in powder be taken, it will
-be found useful in piles, and stop the discharge from bleeding piles; a
-fumigation of the seeds will also be found useful. The young leaves
-bruised and taken will correct an increased discharge of the menstrual
-flux; the leaves heated and applied to piles, or the loins in lumbago,
-will give great relief, <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb163" href=
-"#pb163" name="pb163">163</a>]</span>and as an application to boils it
-exceeds the Neem in virtue. The seeds bruised and rubbed among the hair
-will kill vermin; and the bark burnt, and with equal parts of
-<i>Kuth</i>, applied to the mouth, will cure eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p958" class="par"><span class="parNum">958</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendi</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hinna</i>, &ldquo;<i>Lawsonia
-Inermis</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p959" class="par"><span class="parNum">959</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahasutawurie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Shatawur</i>.</p>
-<p id="p960" class="par"><span class="parNum">960</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahawunth</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Kudum</i>.</p>
-<p id="p961" class="par"><span class="parNum">961</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahameed</span>.&mdash;A species of this is called <i>Meede</i>.
-Both are cool, heavy, sweet to the taste; improve the senses; are
-powerfully tonic; increase milk and semen; are aphrodisiac, increase
-phlegm, cure eruptions from cold, cough from bile, but increase cough
-from phlegm. This medicine is very scarce, and seldom met with.</p>
-<p id="p962" class="par"><span class="parNum">962</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mahawur</span>.&mdash;Its properties come near those of the
-<i>Lac</i>. It is useful in discoloured specks on the face, and acne
-punctata; bruised and introduced into the ear, it cures the
-ear-ache.</p>
-<p id="p963" class="par"><span class="parNum">963</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendi Anwul</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Anwul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p964" class="par"><span class="parNum">964</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mayursuka</span>.&mdash;Light; cures disorders of bile and mucus,
-and restrains laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p965" class="par"><span class="parNum">965</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mayoorshuka</span>.&mdash;The <i>Moorshuka</i>.</p>
-<p id="p966" class="par"><span class="parNum">966</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mendha</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Meshe</i>. Its flesh is heavy, moist,
-tonic; increases wind and bile. This is the name of the male, and his
-meat is preferable to the female. &ldquo;Ram.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p967" class="par"><span class="parNum">967</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mynphill</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Gardenia Dumetorum</i>,
-K&ouml;en. <i>Vangueria Spinosa</i>, Roxb.&rdquo; Bitter and hot,
-astringent and dry, light and emetic; useful in disorders of mucus and
-Juzam, swellings, flatulence, and dryness of the seven <i>Dhats</i>,
-<i>Badgola</i>, and is suppurating.</p>
-<p id="p968" class="par"><span class="parNum">968</span> <span class=
-"sc">Methie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Trigonella
-F&oelig;num-gr&aelig;cum</i>, Wild.&rdquo; Hot and dry; <span class=
-"corr" id="xd24e14536" title="Source: exhilirates">exhilarates</span>
-the spirits; creates appetite; induces costiveness; is vermifuge, and
-decreases semen. Its seed is useful in cough, nausea, and disorders of
-mucus. A. <i>Hoolba</i>.</p>
-<p id="p969" class="par"><span class="parNum">969</span> <span class=
-"sc">Mydhasingie</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Doodie</i>.</p>
-<p id="p970" class="par"><span class="parNum">970</span> <span class=
-"sc">Myoorjung</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Aoloo</i>; obtains its name
-from its stem resembling in straightness the peacock&rsquo;s leg.</p>
-<p id="p971" class="par"><span class="parNum">971</span> <span class=
-"sc">Meed</span>.&mdash;Vide <i>Mahameed</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb164" href="#pb164" name="pb164">164</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p972" class="par"><span class="parNum">972</span> <span class=
-"sc">Meetanimboo</span>.&mdash;Called also, <i>Rajenimboophill</i>, and
-in P. <i>Shukurleemboo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p973" class="par"><span class="parNum">973</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nalee</span> or <i>Narie</i>.&mdash;A small plant, which lies on
-the ground. Its leaves somewhat like the tamarind leaf. In some works
-the <i>Narie</i> is separately described. Its qualities are hot, and it
-is discutient; useful in affections of wind from cold; is laxative and
-beneficial in disorders of the mouth.</p>
-<p id="p974" class="par"><span class="parNum">974</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naryil</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cocos nucifera.</i>&rdquo; A tree
-like the <i>Taar</i> or <i>Khoojoor</i>; its fruit is oval, and betwixt
-that and its covering is a fibrous substance in considerable
-quantities; its weight from half a rittal to one or more. It is cool;
-slow of digestion; expels gravel; induces costiveness; is aphrodisiac
-and tonic; useful in disorders of wind, blood, bile, general heat; and
-its water is cool, light and cardiac; increases appetite and semen. If
-not quickly drunk, and has become fermented, it produces some degree of
-intoxication, raises the spirits, and is tonic. Its cheese, when first
-produced, resembles milk, and is said to be very sweet; it afterwards
-becomes hardened, and increases semen, wind, and disorders of bile.
-Bullienas, a physician, has related, that if a torch is made of the
-rind and coir, and burnt in the midst of a large company, it will
-produce so soporific an effect as to put them all to sleep.</p>
-<p id="p975" class="par"><span class="parNum">975</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naringee</span>.&mdash;Some have stated this to be a name for
-<i>Narinje</i>, but this is a mistake; it is produced in Indostan. Its
-properties are less powerful than <i>Sungterra</i> or <i>Kowla</i>, but
-its acid greater.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Narinje</i> is the <i>Citrus Aurantium</i>, or
-<i>Nagaranga</i>, San. Rind stomachic; juice acid and
-bitter.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p976" class="par"><span class="parNum">976</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagesur</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Mesua ferrea.</i>&rdquo; Indian
-rose <span class="corr" id="xd24e14652" title=
-"Source: chesnut">chestnut</span>? A seed smaller than the
-<i>Kubabcheenee</i>; the plant is thin, and its stem long. It is dry,
-light, corrects indigested food; cures or removes offensive smell from
-the perspiration; useful in Juzam, acne, mucus, and poisons; it is said
-to be a name for <i>Narmusk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p977" class="par"><span class="parNum">977</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagdown</span>.&mdash;<i>Mugwort?</i> Cures boils and eruptions,
-and is an antidote to the poison of spiders and snakes. A.
-<i>Huleyoon</i>, <i>Artemisia Vulgaris</i>. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb165" href="#pb165" name="pb165">165</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p978" class="par"><span class="parNum">978</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagdumnie</span>.&mdash;A wood resembling a snake, from which it
-obtains its name. It coils round like the snake, and may easily be
-mistaken for that reptile. It is bitter; increases the size of the
-muscles; is tonic and light; used in disorders of bile and mucus,
-gonorrh&oelig;a, eruptions, Lues Venerea, and poisons; it remedies
-laxities of the bowels.</p>
-<p id="p979" class="par"><span class="parNum">979</span> <span class=
-"sc">Murdok</span>.&mdash;A shrub, found in the hills; its leaves like
-those of the cucumber, its root called <i>Davaun nemr</i>. The leopard
-eats the root, which produces a swelling near its tail on the back:
-this is called <i>Hadjurun nemr</i>. P. <i>Nirkpulung</i>. This if
-bruised, and applied to the carbuncle, will expedite its cure; and if a
-woman applies it to the parts of generation, she will not conceive; and
-if her husband visits another woman after having been with her, she
-will not conceive. It is a runnet, and coagulates milk. If preserved
-about your person, and you visit a baker&rsquo;s shop, the bread will
-fall from the oven into the fire. It is about the size of a clove of
-garlic, and is variegated on its surface like the skin of the
-tiger.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e14702" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">NOON</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p980" class="par first"><span class="parNum">980</span>
-<span class="sc">Nadey</span>.&mdash;A species of <i>Jamin</i>.</p>
-<p id="p981" class="par"><span class="parNum">981</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagarmotha</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Motha</i>. <i>Cyperus
-Pertenuis.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">982</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nagbulla</span>.&mdash;Sweet, acid, and astringent; hot and slow
-of digestion; useful in itch and ulcers, also in disorders of bile.</p>
-<p id="p983" class="par"><span class="parNum">983</span> <span class=
-"sc">Naa&oelig;</span>.&mdash;A common shrub, very hot; useful in
-disorders of wind and mucus; produces appetite; assists digestion. Its
-leaves used as a culinary vegetable.</p>
-<p id="p984" class="par"><span class="parNum">984</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nirbissie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Jedwar</i>.
-&ldquo;<i>Curcuma Zedoaria.</i> <i>Amomum Zedoaria.</i> <i>Kempferia
-Rotunda.</i>&rdquo; Sp. ch. Spikes lateral, bulbs small, with long
-yellow palmated tubers; leaves broad-lanceolar, sub-sessile on their
-sheath, sericeous underneath; color uniform green. <i>Banhildie</i>;
-pungent and cool; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, blood, and every
-kind of poison. Is tonic; carminative; useful in flatulent cholic, but
-it increases ulcers.</p>
-<p id="p985" class="par"><span class="parNum">985</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nerkutchoor</span>.&mdash;See <i>Kutchoor</i>.</p>
-<p id="p986" class="par"><span class="parNum">986</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nergoondie</span>.&mdash;Resembles <i>Rootki</i>, but smaller and
-black. The author of the <i>Ulfaz</i> has without due enquiry
-pronounced <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb166" href="#pb166" name=
-"pb166">166</a>]</span>this to be the <i>Sumhaloo</i>, but this is a
-different plant. It is hot and dry, useful in disorders of mucus.</p>
-<p id="p987" class="par"><span class="parNum">987</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neyrmellie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Strychnos Potatorum</i>, W.
-<i>Cataca</i>, San.&rdquo; It is cool and dry, some say it is in
-equilibrium. If bruised and mixed with foul water, it will clear, and
-purify it. If bruised in water, and applied to the umbilicus, it will
-relieve the griping pain of dysentery. If bruised, and applied to the
-eyes, it will strengthen eye-sight; also if applied to the bite of a
-snake, it will remove the effects of the poison. If eight grains of it
-be mixed with a little water and sugar, and drank, it will be found
-beneficial in gonorrh&oelig;a. I have seen this in my uncle&rsquo;s
-receipt book, but the dose was not there specified. If four grains of
-this be bruised in water, and mixed with dhaie, and left in a covered
-China vessel for a night, and taken in the morning, it will relieve
-suppression of urine, gonorrh&oelig;a, <span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e14806" title=
-"Corrected by author from: and cherdee">chordee</span>, and bloody
-urine; but it must be used for a week.</p>
-<p id="p988" class="par"><span class="parNum">988</span> <span class=
-"sc">Niswut</span> or <i>Mahaseyama</i>, or <i>Ritchita</i>. It is a
-little bitter and sweet; also bitter during digestion. It is hot and
-dry; laxative; relieves wind; useful in fever, disorders of bile,
-mucus, dropsy, and swellings. The black kind is a poison and very
-hurtful; it is a powerful drastic purgative; produces insensibility,
-heat, giddiness, and injures the voice.</p>
-<p id="p989" class="par"><span class="parNum">989</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nuk</span> Is of two kinds, both sweet to the taste; hot and
-light; removes possession by evil spirits; beneficial in disorders of
-wind, mucus, and blood; is an antidote to poisons; cardiac, and clears
-the complexion, called <i>Uzfarooteeb</i>.</p>
-<p id="p990" class="par"><span class="parNum">990</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nukchecknie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Koondush</i>. It is a low
-shrub, does not rise from the ground; its leaves like the
-<i>Tirrateruk</i>; its flower like the <i>Neemb</i>. It produces
-eruptions in the mouth, beneficial in disorders of wind and phlegm, and
-is vermifuge. It is called <i>Chicknie</i>.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Maadentezerrubad.</i></p>
-<p class="par"><i>Nukchikenie</i> is a medicine of India, hot and dry;
-expels wind; beneficial in mucus, paralysis, and paralytic complaints,
-loss of memory, pains in the joints, and is aphrodisiac. If one seer of
-this with quarter seer of sweet oil, and half the weight of
-<i>Mulkungnie</i>, be put into an earthen vessel, and its oil extracted
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb167" href="#pb167" name=
-"pb167">167</a>]</span>in the manner described under the head
-Puttaljuntur, and given in the quantity of four soorkhs in Paan, it
-will be useful in all the above-mentioned complaints, and in all mucous
-disorders. It will be advisable to use this medicine only in the cold
-weather, as it is, in itself, very hot and powerful.</p>
-<p id="p991" class="par"><span class="parNum">991</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nullwa</span>.&mdash;Cool; strengthens the eye-sight; useful in
-bilious disorders, affections of the blood, Juzam, difficulty of
-voiding urine, general heat, mucus, and acne.</p>
-<p id="p992" class="par"><span class="parNum">992</span> <span class=
-"sc">Null</span> or <i>Nullie</i>; grows in watery and moist places; it
-is cool, and useful in disorders of the eyes, in eruptions of the mouth
-or apth&aelig;; clears the blood; clears and dries the vagina, and is
-diuretic. Some have called it heating.</p>
-<p id="p993" class="par"><span class="parNum">993</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Chitchera</span> Is thus made. Take two bundles of that kind
-of <i>Chitchera</i>, which has inverted prickles, reduce it to ashes,
-and collect them into a vessel; then add a great quantity of water, and
-mix and wash it well with the hand; leave it for a night, add more
-water, put it into a cloth, and let it strain through slowly by drops;
-boil the clear fluid till the salt will precipitate or crystallize.</p>
-<p id="p994" class="par"><span class="parNum">994</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Soonchur</span> also called <i>Nemuk Sia</i>. &ldquo;Muriate
-of soda. <i>Bitlaban.</i> <i>Kala Nemuck</i>, H.&rdquo; A tonic in
-dyspepsia or gout; a deobstruent in obstructions of the spleen and
-mysenteric glands of children; a stimulant in chronic rheumatism and
-palsy; a vermifuge. An analysis of the black salt gave,</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Black oxide of iron, six grains</i>;
-<i>sulphur, 14 grains</i>; <i>muriate of lime, 12 grains</i>;
-<i>muriate of soda, 444 grains</i>; <i>loss four grains = 480
-grains</i>.&rdquo; It is thus prepared: Take two seers of <i>Anula</i>,
-one seer of <i>Ashkhur</i>, bruise both and mix them with 20 seers of
-rock-salt, also bruised; put the whole into a vessel, cover the vessel
-with a cloth, all except the mouth; lute this cloth well with soft
-clay, and place it in the sun to dry. When perfectly dry, put it on the
-fire, (let the mouth of the vessel be rather small.) Keep constantly
-stirring it with an iron spatula or spoon; when well boiled and mixed,
-take it off and allow it to cool; then add <i>Tinkhar</i>,
-<i>Jawakhar</i>, <i>Tilkh</i>, <i>Kibreeth</i>, sweet <i>salt</i>, and
-<i>soot</i>, equal parts; mix all well together, and <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb168" href="#pb168" name="pb168">168</a>]</span>add
-a quantity of salt-water; then boil the whole down, and strain as
-directed under the head Nemuk <i>Chitchera</i>.</p>
-<p id="p995" class="par"><span class="parNum">995</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Kutchloon</span>.&mdash;The salt of glass, called <i>Muskhoo
-Koonia</i>, also <i>Zoobdat ul Kawareer</i>. It is the froth of glass;
-it creates appetite; clears the blood: there is another kind of salt
-called <i>Budhloon</i>. This is hot and stomachic; restrains laxities
-of the bowels, pains, and consequent swellings of the urinary bladder,
-heaviness, and stuffing of the chest, disorders of wind and mucus; also
-expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p996" class="par"><span class="parNum">996</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk Udhbidh</span>.&mdash;The common <i>Unkaloon</i>; this is a
-kind of black salt; it is light; clears the blood; it is speedy in its
-effects, and as an external application, and it expels wind.</p>
-<p id="p997" class="par"><span class="parNum">997</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nemuk S&oelig;ndha</span>.&mdash;Sweet to the taste; cool, moist,
-and light; promotes appetite and digestion. Is cardiac, strengthens
-vision, and is useful in wind and bile.</p>
-<p id="p998" class="par"><span class="parNum">998</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nekund Baaperi</span>.&mdash;A medicine of India, called also
-<i>Oontura</i> or <i>Anere</i>. It is hot and moist. If used as much as
-can be held in the palm of the hand, for a year, no poison will prove
-hurtful; in fact it counteracts the poison of snakes, and all other
-poisons. If two direms be eaten with as much aniseseed, for six months,
-the hair will not become white; two direms ate with dhaie, will be
-found effectual in gonorrh&oelig;a. Eaten with the leaves of the lime
-tree, and four seeds of peepul, it will cure obstinate fevers; with
-goat&rsquo;s milk, will cure quartans; with <i>Foifil</i> for three
-months, will cure white leprosy, also foulness of the blood, Juzam,
-boils, and scabies.</p>
-<p id="p999" class="par"><span class="parNum">999</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nundbyrchun</span> or <i>Nundbyrkha</i>. Hot and light, and in its
-properties resembling the peepul; indeed it is reckoned a species of
-that tree. It is useful in disorders of mucus, blood, poisons, boils,
-and cuticular eruptions.</p>
-<p id="p1000" class="par"><span class="parNum">1000</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nunahuld</span>.&mdash;The small turmeric, called also
-<i>Mameeran</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1001" class="par"><span class="parNum">1001</span> <span class=
-"sc">Newarrie</span>.&mdash;A flower in India, like the
-<i>Chumbeley</i>, but has no smell. It is of two kinds, one procured in
-the hot season, the other in the rains; the second kind is also called
-<i>Newalie</i>. Both are pungent, light, and useful in disorders of all
-the secretions. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb169" href="#pb169"
-name="pb169">169</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1002" class="par"><span class="parNum">1002</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nowsader</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;Muriate of Ammonia. <i>Sal
-Ammoniac</i>, F. <i>Salmiak</i>, G. <i>Sale Ammoniaco</i>, I. <i>Sal
-Ammoniaco</i>, Sp. Also <i>Nowshader</i><span class="corr" id=
-"xd24e15062" title="Not in source">&rdquo;</span>; very pungent salt,
-and as a medicine or application, speedily effectual. It is aperient,
-beneficial in cholics, dropsy, costiveness, and pains in the
-bowels.</p>
-<p id="p1003" class="par"><span class="parNum">1003</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nowllee</span>.&mdash;The young leaves of the lime tree; they have
-a sweet and grateful smell.</p>
-<p id="p1004" class="par"><span class="parNum">1004</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neeturbala</span>.&mdash;Cool, dry, and light; produces appetite
-and digestion; cures eruptions of diffused bile; bilious and mucous
-disorders, general heat, boils, and eruptions. Some say, that this is
-the <i>Nalee</i>, but this is a mistake, for Nalee is the name of a
-different medicine, though it may be that of both. As the
-<i>Neeturbala</i> is seldom met with, a substitute is used in the
-branches of the <i>Neelophir</i>, dried.</p>
-<p id="p1005" class="par"><span class="parNum">1005</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neela Totha</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Tootia Subs</i>. It is of two
-kinds, both aperient, and useful in scabies and Juzam, disorders from
-poison, and mucus; is vermifuge; reduces corpulency, and is useful in
-certain diseases of the eye.</p>
-<p id="p1006" class="par"><span class="parNum">1006</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neenuk</span>.&mdash;Its flesh is sweet to the taste; light,
-tonic, and aphrodisiac; useful in disorders of the three secretions. It
-is a kind of <i>Barasingha</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1007" class="par"><span class="parNum">1007</span> <span class=
-"sc">Newla</span>.&mdash;In its properties resembling those of the cat.
-A. <i>Ibn Urs</i>. &ldquo;The mongoose, <i>Ichneumon</i>, <i>Viverra
-Ichneumon</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1008" class="par"><span class="parNum">1008</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelkunt</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Coracias Bengalensis.</i>&rdquo;
-A bird; its meat is useful in disorders of mucus, wind, and blood. P.
-<i>Subsuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1009" class="par"><span class="parNum">1009</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neendie</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Vitex Nigundo</i>, W. <i>Lagondium
-Litorium</i>, Rump. <i>Bhemnosi</i>, Rheede. <i>Vitex Trifolia.</i> The
-leaves heated are discutient, effectual in dispelling inflammatory
-swellings of the joints from acute rheumatism, and of the testicles
-from suppressed gonorrh&oelig;a.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1010" class="par"><span class="parNum">1010</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neela Sindhuk</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Sumhaloo</i>,
-(<i>Sobaloo?</i>) P. <i>Punjkysht</i>. A kind of the above; both are
-bitter to the taste, astringent, pungent, and light; increase
-knowledge; strengthen vision; also strengthen the hair of the head;
-remove itchiness of the abdomen and swellings; are vermifuge; useful in
-Juzam, boils, eruptions, and disorders of mucus; improve appetite, and
-relieve cataract. The leaves of the Sumhaloo, smoked as tobacco,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb170" href="#pb170" name=
-"pb170">170</a>]</span>or equal parts of them and tobacco bruised and
-applied to the part, will cure hydrocele.</p>
-<p id="p1011" class="par"><span class="parNum">1011</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nypaul</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Chureyta</i>, called also
-<i>Nupaul Neeb</i>.</p>
-<p class="par"><span class="parNum">1012</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neenboo</span>.&mdash;P. <i>Lymboo</i>. <i>Citrus Medica</i>, W.
-<i>Jambira</i>, S. Refrigerant, antiseptic. Peel stomachic. <i>The
-Lime.</i> It ripens in the hot-weather, and attains the size of a
-hen&rsquo;s egg. It is of a green yellowish color. Its rind is very
-thin, and thence it derives its name Kagsi. One kind of it is always in
-fruit, and a sweet kind of it is called <i>Rajineenboo phill</i>. Its
-properties are particularly noticed in Yunani works. It is said in some
-publications to be an antidote to animal poisons, both internally used,
-and applied to the parts.</p>
-<p id="p1013" class="par"><span class="parNum">1013</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neel</span>.&mdash;The indigo, very common in India; hot and
-bitter; useful in boils, affections of the spleen, Soorkhbad, dropsy,
-strengthening the hair of the head; but it weakens memory, and produces
-giddiness.</p>
-<p class="par">Its leaves are used as an application for colouring the
-hair, and are in great estimation on that account. From its heating
-quality, it either decreases or increases a discharge from the nose,
-according to its nature; and when it is used for colouring the hair of
-the beard, cloves ought to be mixed with it, to increase its heating
-quality, when the person is of a cold temperament.</p>
-<p id="p1014" class="par"><span class="parNum">1014</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelisbund</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Apirchetta</i>, q. v.</p>
-<p id="p1015" class="par"><span class="parNum">1015</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neeb</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Melia Azedirachta</i>, W. The pride
-of India, the leaves of a nauseous bitter taste, (devoid of
-astringency,) Flem.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">A very common and large tree of India, much esteemed; it
-is of four kinds, the medicinal properties of all the same. It is
-astringent and bitter; pungent and cool, (some say hot and dry;) some
-call its qualities in equilibrium; it is quick of digestion; useful in
-disorders of bile, wind, and mucus, and I have known it to be of use in
-Juzam and white leprosy. I have also exhibited it with success in
-eruptions and scabies. One man I knew, whose whole body was white from
-leprosy. I prescribed it to him for 40 days, and cured him. I took the
-kernel of the <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb171" href="#pb171" name=
-"pb171">171</a>]</span>seed, bruised and sifted it, and gave it in the
-quantity that might be contained in the palm of his hand, fasting, and
-prohibited him from using any other kind of food than bread or
-<i>dhal</i>, without salt or ghee.</p>
-<p class="par">It is also said by <i>Hukeem Ali</i> to be excellent in
-curing obstinate old ulcers, as also fistula in ano, by the application
-of its leaves. It is given in many and various ways. Its leaves are
-given fresh, sometimes dried and pounded, sometimes its juice is given,
-often the juice of the leaf buds, and not unfrequently its bark. It is
-likewise given mixed with <i>Noora</i>. Its juice is used with
-<i>Noora</i> to cleanse foul ulcers, and to cure carbuncle, and this it
-effects in a very short time. The <i>Noora</i> is added to it in
-one-eighth of its quantity, and <i>Hukeem Ali</i> has declared it to be
-the best ingredient in ointment that he ever tried.</p>
-<p class="par">I have often used the leaves heated as an application to
-swellings and boils; it in some cases resolved them, in others
-expedited suppuration, and in all was beneficial. I have added salt to
-the bruised leaves for the same purpose, and found that it added to its
-efficacy.</p>
-<p class="par">A decoction of the leaves as a fumigation is excellent
-in discussing swellings, and with the addition of the leaves of the
-Sumhaloo, with additional good effect. A fumigation of less heating
-properties may be obtained by the leaves of the <i>Anbassaleb</i>,
-being substituted for the <i>Sumhaloo</i>. The water of this decoction
-is useful in cleansing foul ulcers, and removing pain from the
-joints.</p>
-<p class="par">The <i>Neeb</i> in the opinion of Indian physicians is
-cool, and <i>Hukeem Urzanee</i> has described its qualities as equal.
-If the decoction is used as a wash for the hair, it will darken its
-color, and increase its growth; and if the juice of its young leaves in
-the quantity of five or six direms be taken for seven days, it will
-cure scabies, ring-worm, and all kinds of acne, and it will purify the
-blood. A decoction of the bark of its root will restore suppressed
-menses, and if taken with goor it will produce abortion: prepared in
-this manner it will cure the under-mentioned diseases. <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb172" href="#pb172" name="pb172">172</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Take of the flower, seed, bark of the root, and leaves
-(called <i>Punjuk</i>), let them be infused for a night in two maunds
-of water, then bury it in the ground for a month, after which distil
-its water for use.</p>
-<p class="par">All species of scabies, white leprosy, Juzam, (when not
-too far advanced,) and disorders of all the secretions. Some mix the
-<i>Punjuk</i> of the <i>Bucaen</i> with the above, and it is said to
-increase its virtues. If the seed be bruised in water, and applied to
-the head, it will remove head-ache. Its juice is vermifuge. If three
-masha of the leaf buds with half masha of black peepul be eaten for 21
-days, it will remove disorders and foulness of blood; increase the
-strength of vision, and by its juice being introduced into the eyes,
-will cure night-blindness.</p>
-<p class="par">I have given it for cleansing the blood, correcting
-vitiated bile, scabies, idiotism, and all disorders arising from
-disordered bile, thus: By mixing the distilled water, above-mentioned,
-with filings of <i>Sissoo</i>, the leaves, flowers, and bark of the
-<i>Bucaen</i>, and <i>Shatirra</i>, and <i>Surphonka</i>, white Sandal,
-filed, and <i>Gowzeban</i>, mixed well, and a water distilled. It will
-also be found useful in Juzam and white leprosy<a id="xd24e15315" name=
-"xd24e15315"></a>.</p>
-<p id="p1016" class="par"><span class="parNum">1016</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelobe</span>.&mdash;<i>The Saruss.</i></p>
-<p id="p1017" class="par"><span class="parNum">1017</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelgau</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The <i>Wild Cow</i>, (a species of
-<i>Elk</i>.<span class="corr" id="xd24e15340" title=
-"Source: &rdquo;)">)&rdquo;</span> Its size is somewhat between a horse
-and ass. Its meat is greasy, hot, and moist; sweet; increases the
-secretion of semen; also bile, and eruptions of the apthous kind. It is
-also called <i>Rooja</i>. A. <i>Bakur ul Vaish</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1018" class="par"><span class="parNum">1018</span> <span class=
-"sc">Nainjooth</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Mameeran</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1019" class="par"><span class="parNum">1019</span> <span class=
-"sc">Neelkunti</span>.&mdash;A small shrub of India; its leaves thick
-in a middling degree; its root and flower is blue: also another kind,
-which grows in gardens, is called by this name. Its properties are not
-known to me.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e15367" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">VAV</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1020" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1020</span>
-<span class="sc">Vaasun</span>.&mdash;Called also <i>Bootee Shaikh
-Fureed</i>, which also signifies a hill.</p>
-<p id="p1021" class="par"><span class="parNum">1021</span> <span class=
-"sc">Vcherkhar</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Nowshakur</i>, also
-<i>Nowshader</i>; some call this a composition, and some say it is the
-salt <i>Zakoom</i>, made by the branches being cut small, burnt, and
-prepared. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb173" href="#pb173" name=
-"pb173">173</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1022" class="par"><span class="parNum">1022</span> <span class=
-"sc">Veedoorie</span> also <i>Bedoorie</i>. A. <i>Ynoolhur</i>. It is
-commonly known by the name <i>Sahroonia</i>; hot, acid, and useful in
-cholics.</p>
-<p id="p1023" class="par"><span class="parNum">1023</span> <span class=
-"sc">Veroojun</span>.&mdash;Also <i>Beroojun</i>. The author of the
-<i>Kasmi</i> has described this as a small stone, or a name for any
-small stone; some describe it as a kind of <i>Jewaheer</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e15429" class="div1 glossary"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">HEH</h2>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p id="p1024" class="par first"><span class="parNum">1024</span>
-<span class="sc">Harsinghar</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Nyctanthes Arbor
-Tristis</i>;&rdquo; also called <i>Hursinghar</i>. It grows to about a
-man&rsquo;s height, and when at the very highest, is about 12 feet,
-though some have seen it even higher. Its leaves are pointed, thick,
-and hard; its flowers small and white; their stem red. Its leaves
-rubbed on ring-worm cure the affection: first scaling the part, then
-healing. It is cool and light; useful in disorders of wind, mucus, and
-bile. It is aphrodisiac, and re-unites broken bones.</p>
-<p id="p1025" class="par"><span class="parNum">1025</span> <span class=
-"sc">Haloon</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The seed of the <i>Cress</i>, or
-<i>Lepidium Sativum</i>.&rdquo; The seed of the <i>Agur</i>; it is
-smaller than the seed of the <i>Tookbalingha</i>, but thicker, and of a
-red color; it is aphrodisiac and tonic; removes hiccup, wind, mucus,
-and disorders of the blood. It is hot and dry. A. <i>Hurf</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1026" class="par"><span class="parNum">1026</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hudhjora</span>.&mdash;The flower of the <i>Hursinghar</i>; it
-produces the re-union of fractured bones, from which property it
-derives its name. &ldquo;<i>Cissus quadrangularis.</i>&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1027" class="par"><span class="parNum">1027</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hoorhoora</span>.&mdash;A small plant, with many flowers, of a
-white color, and very small: one kind of it is called
-<i>Burumseerjela</i>. The first kind is cool, heavy, and diuretic;
-useful in disorders of mucus and wind. The second is hot and light;
-useful in seminal weakness and fever; and is lithontriptic, and removes
-difficulty of voiding urine.</p>
-<p id="p1028" class="par"><span class="parNum">1028</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurunkherie</span> or <i>Hurunkhoorie</i>. A small plant of India;
-its leaves resembling a deer&rsquo;s hoof, which has given it this
-title. It is usually found in wheat fields; it is hot, and aperient;
-useful in scabies, Juzam, and loss of sensation. If one direm fresh be
-eaten with 10 grains of black-pepper, bruised, daily, it will restore
-lost sensation.</p>
-<p id="p1029" class="par"><span class="parNum">1029</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurtaal</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;The yellow Sulphuret of Arsenic.
-<i>Orpiment.</i>&rdquo; Pungent and astringent; hot and dry; useful in
-disorders from poison, scabies, Juzam, aphth&aelig;, disorders of the
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb174" href="#pb174" name=
-"pb174">174</a>]</span>blood, mucus and bile, fever, and possession
-with evil spirits. It is a common application in scabies, and is called
-Zernikh Zerd. It is of five kinds, yellow, red, green, white, and
-black. The yellow is called Hurtaal, and the white kind is used by
-alchymists in the transmutation of metals; it is in the opinion of
-every one hot and dry in the 3rd or 4th degree; its corrector is milk
-and cow&rsquo;s ghee; its dose four ratties, after it is killed or
-prepared, and is thus much esteemed as a medicine in disorders from
-cold, such as paralysis, epilepsy, affections of the joints, Juzam, and
-white leprosy. It is aphrodisiac, and increases appetite and
-digestion.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>It is thus prepared for use in
-Leprosy.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take one tolah of yellow arsenic, wash it seven times in
-milk, then grind it for 24 hours, adding as it dries, a little milk,
-then let it dry a little, and make it up into small pills. Then take
-half seer of the <i>Bhurr Tree</i> (the bark), pound it, and put it in
-a vessel, and among the powder put the pills with a little
-<i>Chunam</i> (lime), above and below them; after this, shut the vessel
-so well up that no smoke can escape, put it on the fire, and keep it in
-a strong heat for six hours; then opening the vessel, pour in over the
-pills a little ghee (butter), to cool them. The dose will be one
-<i>soorkh</i> daily, for seven days, abstaining from any thing
-salt.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take half a tolah of <i>Hurtaal Tubki</i>, bruise it,
-and grind it with milk or the juice of the castor; form it into pills
-as above. Then take of <i>Dharafilfil</i> half a tolah, bruise, and use
-it in lieu of the chunam above alluded to; form the pile of 15 pieces
-of cow-dung in a hole dug in the ground, on these lay the pills,
-supported and covered with the <i>Dharafilfil</i>; over them place an
-equal number of pieces of cow-dung, and set fire to the whole. When it
-is cold, take out the pills, and preserve them for use. Dose half
-Soorkh.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of the <i>Hurtaal</i> half a direm, bruise and
-grind it with the juice of the <i>Kobee</i>, for six hours, then form
-it into pills, place them in an earthern vessel well luted, then
-surround it <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb175" href="#pb175" name=
-"pb175">175</a>]</span>with 10 pounds of dried cow-dung, set it on
-fire, and when cool, remove them. The dose one grain or barley corn.
-Salt prohibited. Given in Paan.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Hurtaal</i> half a direm, tie it up in a
-cloth, and let it remain for seven days in cow&rsquo;s urine, again for
-the like period in lime juice, and an equal number of days in milk of
-<i>Mudar</i>. The two first liquids are during the seven days to be
-twice changed, the last changed daily; then take out the
-<i>Hurtaal</i>, and grind it with milk of <i>Mudar</i> for six hours,
-form them into pills, and roast them as recommended in the two
-foregoing methods. The dose the same.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Another method.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of <i>Hurtaal</i> one direm, the kernel of the
-<i>Kurinjua</i> one direm, <i>Alum</i> one direm; first bruise the
-<i>Kurinjua</i> and strew the half of it over an earthern vessel, with
-equal parts of <i>Shibyem&aacute;nie</i>; then put over it the
-<i>Hurtaal</i>, and above that the alum; above all these, put the
-remainder of the <i>Kurinjua</i>; secure the whole as in the last
-method, and roast with 14 pounds of the dried cow-dung.</p>
-<p id="p1030" class="par"><span class="parNum">1030</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hyrbee</span>.&mdash;A root of a yellow color; hot, dry, and
-aperient; useful in disorders of bile, mucus, and viscidities of the
-secretions; its dose is from one dang. to half a direm.</p>
-<p id="p1031" class="par"><span class="parNum">1031</span> <span class=
-"sc">Harun</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Myrg</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1032" class="par"><span class="parNum">1032</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurr</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Terminalia Chebula</i>, W. The unripe
-fruit <i>Zengi Hur</i>, H. <i>Myrobalans</i>, <i>Terminalia
-Citrina</i>.&rdquo; A name for <i>Hul&eacute;l&aacute;</i>; its
-properties particularly described in Yunani works: astringent, sweet,
-laxative. Dose one of the fruits.</p>
-<p id="p1033" class="par"><span class="parNum">1033</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hurbarheorhi</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Averrhoa acida</i>, Linn.
-<i>Cicca disticha</i>, Gmel. <i>Phyllanthus Cheramela</i>,
-Roxb.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="par">Or <i>H&uacute;rf&uacute;rh&eacute;orhi</i>; a common
-plant; the acid fruit of which is used for preserves.</p>
-<p id="p1034" class="par"><span class="parNum">1034</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthkool</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Baer</i>, of a middling
-size.</p>
-<p id="p1035" class="par"><span class="parNum">1035</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthal</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Pendhaloo</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1036" class="par"><span class="parNum">1036</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthuk</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Arnd</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1037" class="par"><span class="parNum">1037</span> <span class=
-"sc">Husthchinkhar</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Kharkhusuk</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1038" class="par"><span class="parNum">1038</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldee</span> called also <i>Huld</i>; it is pungent and bitter,
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb176" href="#pb176" name=
-"pb176">176</a>]</span>hot and dry; useful in disorders of mucus, bile,
-blood, acne, seminal weakness, swellings, marasmus, and boils. It may
-be applied in small quantities externally, bruised, for the cure of
-bruises. P. <i>Zerdchooba</i>. A kind of this is called
-<i>An&rsquo;b&egrave;huldie</i>, &ldquo;<i>Curcuma
-longa</i>.&rdquo;</p>
-<p id="p1039" class="par"><span class="parNum">1039</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldia</span>.&mdash;The name of a yellow poison; vide
-<i>Hurtaal</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1040" class="par"><span class="parNum">1040</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hoolhool</span>.&mdash;&ldquo;<i>Cleome viscosa.</i>&rdquo; A
-plant, about a yard high, more or less; its leaves are small and thin
-towards the branches; its seed-vessel is very thin, and contains
-numerous small black seeds. It is round, and bent in the centre; it is
-used as a culinary vegetable. It is hot and pungent; useful in cholic,
-dropsy, ulcers, and ear-aches; swellings, Juzam, and white leprosy. Its
-leaves, introduced into the ear, very useful in ear-ache. It is also
-beneficial in the piles; the parts being washed with a decoction of its
-leaves. In this complaint, the leaves are dressed and eaten with rice;
-five direms of seed ate with twice its weight of sugar before meals,
-and the meal to consist of <i>Kitcheree</i>, with plenty of ghee,
-(butter,) used for 40 days, will effectually remove piles.</p>
-<p id="p1041" class="par"><span class="parNum">1041</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huldoo</span>.&mdash;The name of a tree; the wood of which is used
-in buildings; its properties mentioned under the head
-<i>Darhuld</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1042" class="par"><span class="parNum">1042</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingote</span>.&mdash;A tree; hot in its properties; useful in
-Juzam, boils, and eruptions; is an antidote to poisons, and to
-possession by evil spirits; beneficial in white leprosy and worms in
-the stomach. Its fruit is the size of the large <i>Hurrh&oelig;</i>,
-and even larger, though when dried it remains about that size. The tree
-is about the size of a small <i>Neeb</i> tree.</p>
-<p id="p1043" class="par"><span class="parNum">1043</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hunspeedie</span>.&mdash;A small shrub, growing close to the
-ground; its branches thin; its leaves small like the Doodie; it is cool
-and heavy; useful in disorders of blood, poisons, boils, eruptions,
-acne, general heat, and possession by evil spirits. It induces
-costiveness, and is used to counteract the effects of poison of the
-Tarantula.</p>
-<p id="p1044" class="par"><span class="parNum">1044</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingpootrie</span>.&mdash;It is of two kinds, both pungent and
-saltish; hot and cardiac; assist digestion; beneficial in pains at the
-heart, and of the urinary bladder; induces costiveness; remedies piles,
-disorders of mucus, and <i>Badgola</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id=
-"pb177" href="#pb177" name="pb177">177</a>]</span></p>
-<p id="p1045" class="par"><span class="parNum">1045</span> <span class=
-"sc">Huns</span>.&mdash;The flesh is hot and moist; heavy and
-aphrodisiac; clears the voice and complexion; promotes appetite;
-beneficial in <i>Soorkhbad</i> and disorders of bile. P.
-<i>Haaz</i>.&mdash;&mdash;Goose.</p>
-<p id="p1046" class="par"><span class="parNum">1046</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hhoobaer</span>.&mdash;A seed about the size and color of the
-Phalsa, sometimes larger; it is said, that when young, it is red, and
-when ripe it becomes black. It is a kind of hill Serroe; its leaves
-like the Jhow. In its taste, it is pungent and bitter, astringent and
-hot, heavy, and beneficial in disorders of wind, bile, dropsy, and
-piles; is lithontriptic and vermifuge, and in the quantity of three
-direms, it expedites the expulsion of the dead f&oelig;tus e utero. It
-will cure suppression of the menses, but if ate during pregnancy, will
-produce abortion. A. <i>Abhul</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1047" class="par"><span class="parNum">1047</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heeng</span>.&mdash;Pungent and saltish, also hot; promotes
-appetite and digestion; beneficial in disorders of wind, mucus,
-internal itchiness, <i>Badgola</i>, flatulence, and pains in the
-bowels; is vermifuge; increases bile, and is aphrodisiac. It increases
-the power of all tonics and aphrodisiac prescriptions, but the
-particulars I have mentioned in my other works.</p>
-<p id="p1048" class="par"><span class="parNum">1048</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heeraclokhi</span><span class="corr" id="xd24e15832" title=
-"Not in source">.</span> A. <i>Dummul Echwder</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1049" class="par"><span class="parNum">1049</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heerakussees</span>.&mdash;A kind of <i>Chund Kussees</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1050" class="par"><span class="parNum">1050</span> <span class=
-"sc">Heera</span>.&mdash;The name for <i>Almass</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1051" class="par"><span class="parNum">1051</span> <span class=
-"sc">Haimowtie</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Hurrh</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1052" class="par"><span class="parNum">1052</span> <span class=
-"sc">Habooka</span>.&mdash;A denomination for <i>Hhoobaer</i>.</p>
-<p id="p1053" class="par"><span class="parNum">1053</span> <span class=
-"sc">Hingool</span>.&mdash;A name for <i>Shungirf</i>.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="app" class="div1 appendix"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<div id="xd24e15889" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e7723"><i>Sensations of burning in the Hands
-and Feet.</i></p>
-<p class="par">This is of two kinds, a dry, and a sweating, kind. The
-method of cure among the natives is as follows:</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Sweating kind.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Take of Chook, Khoot, Lahoria Nemuk, each two parts;
-Black Till Oil, 12 parts; mix and rub in for 14 days.</p>
-<p class="par xd24e7723"><i>Dry kind.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Let a hole be dug in the earth, and fire kindled
-therein, till the ground becomes well heated; strew the bottom of the
-excavation with Mudar leaves, and sprinkle on them new milk, till the
-fumes arise. The feet to be placed in the hole, on the leaves, and a
-blanket <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb178" href="#pb178" name=
-"pb178">178</a>]</span>to be spread over, and round the knees, to
-prevent the escape of the heated vapour. In this manner the patient is
-to sit till the place becomes cold; and this is to be repeated for
-seven days, when the cure will be complete.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">In the opinion of the Physicians of Hindostan, the human
-frame is divided into seven principal parts. These are <i>chyle</i>,
-<i>blood</i>, <i>muscles</i>, <i>fat</i>, <i>bones</i>, <i>brain</i>,
-<i>marrow</i>, and <i>semen</i>.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e15941" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">The tastes are six: viz.</p>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table class="xd24e15945">
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft cellTop"><span class=
-"sc">Sweet</span>,</td>
-<td class="cellTop"><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">Semen, milk, eye-sight, asthma, obesitas,
-worms, and affections of the throat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind and bile.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Cool and stomachic; creating appetite.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Acid</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Mucus, bile, emaciation, fermentation of the
-blood.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Salt</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Appetite, digestion, mucus, bile, wind, and
-disorders of blood.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Curing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">or decreasing aphrodisia, and generally
-relaxant.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Light.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Bitter</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increasing</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Bile, wind, dryness, and heat.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Milk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Dry and light.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="3" class="cellLeft"><span class="sc">Pungent</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Appetite and milk.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Thirst and fever.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellRight">Dry.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td rowspan="2" class="cellLeft cellBottom"><span class=
-"sc">Astringent</span>,</td>
-<td><i>Increases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight">Wind and flatulence.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellBottom"><i>Decreases</i></td>
-<td class="cellRight cellBottom">Wounds, ulcers, and laxities.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">The general prescriptions and favorite formul&aelig;,
-mentioned throughout the work, are <i>Tonics</i>, which preserve
-health, lengthen life, and strengthen the system.</p>
-<hr class="tb">
-<p class="par"></p>
-<p class="par">The principal secretions or humours are four in number;
-viz. <i>mucus</i> (or phlegm), <i>bile</i>, <i>wind</i>, and
-<i>blood</i>. When three of these are said to be increased or
-diminished, it is to be understood, that <i>blood</i> is not to be
-included. In fact, it never is, unless particularly specified.
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb179" href="#pb179" name=
-"pb179">179</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e16096" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e7723"><span class="sc">Degrees.</span></p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;The Yunani physicians, in specifying the
-different degrees of virtue, or power of their medicines, include in
-the</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>First Degree.</i>&mdash;All those whose
-effects are not felt in common doses.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Second Ditto.</i>&mdash;Such medicines as have
-perceptible effects; but in a moderate degree.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Third Ditto.</i>&mdash;Those of greater power,
-the exhibition of which must be conducted with caution.</p>
-<p class="par">&ldquo;<i>Fourth Ditto.</i>&mdash;All poisons or
-medicines of any deleterious properties.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e16123" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e7723"><span class="sc">Weights.</span></p>
-<p class="par"></p>
-<div class="table">
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft cellTop">One <i>soorkh</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight cellTop">one grain.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">One <i>masha</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">8 <i>soorkh</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">One <i>direm</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">3 <i>masha</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="cellLeft">10 <i>mashas</i>&mdash;&mdash;</td>
-<td class="cellRight">one <i>tolah</i> or Rupee.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td colspan="2" class="cellLeft cellRight">One <i>rittal</i> is about
-19 <i>tolahs</i> and two <i>mashas</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td colspan="2" class="cellLeft cellRight cellBottom">One <i>tolah</i>,
-12&frac12; <i>mashas</i>.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<p class="par"></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div id="xd24e16193" class="div2 section"><span class=
-"pagenum">[<a href="#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first xd24e7723"><span class=
-"sc">Abbreviations.</span></p>
-<p class="par">H. <i>Hindi</i>, P. <i>Persian</i>, A. <i>Arabic</i>, S.
-<i>Sanscrit</i>, F. <i>French</i>, G. <i>German</i><span class="corr"
-id="xd24e16218" title="Not in source">,</span> I. <i>Italian</i>, S.
-<i>Spanish</i>. <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb181" href="#pb181"
-name="pb181">181</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="back">
-<div id="index" class="div1 index"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h2 class="main">INDEX.</h2>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb182" href="#pb182" name=
-"pb182">182</a>]</span></p>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">A.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first"><i>Art.</i></p>
-<p class="par">Aak, <a href="#p8">8</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aal, <a href="#p9">9</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aaont, <a href="#p83">83</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abbasie, <a href="#p657">657</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abbea, <a href="#p19">19</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abi, <a href="#p7">7</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abnoos, <a href="#p15">15</a></p>
-<p class="par">Abruc, <a href="#p18">18</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aderuck, <a href="#p29">29</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aditt Bagut, <a href="#p10">10</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjan or Adjain, <a href="#p26">26</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjmode, <a href="#p22">22</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjwain, <a href="#p23">23</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adjwain, (Khorasanee,) <a href="#p24">24</a></p>
-<p class="par">Adki, <a href="#p4">4</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aechill, <a href="#p89">89</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aegoor, <a href="#p88">88</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aent, <a href="#p90">90</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aginmunt, <i>Agwunt</i>, <a href="#p50">50</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agunie Char, <a href="#p55">55</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agur, <a href="#p54">54</a></p>
-<p class="par">Agust, <a href="#p51">51</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ahmlee, also <i>Buzuroolreshad</i>, <a href=
-"#p87">87</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aistallkund, <a href="#p41">41</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akaholie, <a href="#p3">3</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akasbele, <a href="#p56">56</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akhroat, <a href="#p52">52</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akirkirra, or <i>Akirkirrh&agrave;</i>, <a href=
-"#p53">53</a></p>
-<p class="par">Akroat, <a href="#p52">52</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alaechee, <a href="#p59">59</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aloo, (Bochara,) <a href="#p14">14</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alsi, <a href="#p57">57</a></p>
-<p class="par">Alta, <a href="#p60">60</a></p>
-<p class="par">Am, Ambe, Anbe, <a href="#p1">1</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amarbele, <a href="#p66">66</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambarae, <a href="#p65">65</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambaray, or <i>Ambara</i>, <a href="#p78">78</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambegool, or <i>Angool</i>, or <i>Ambegooda</i>,
-<a href="#p73">73</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ambeloona, <a href="#p72">72</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amlie, <a href="#p63">63</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amratuck, <a href="#p68">68</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amroude, <a href="#p67">67</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amrutphull, <a href="#p64">64</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amulbedh, <a href="#p61">61</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amulchangerie, <a href="#p62">62</a></p>
-<p class="par">Amultas, also <i>Kurwara</i>, <a href="#p69">69</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ananass, also <i>Kutel Suffrie</i>, <a href=
-"#p70">70</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anar, <a href="#p76">76</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anbertasung, <a href="#p80">80</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anbihildee, <a href="#p16">16</a></p>
-<p class="par">Andaluck, <a href="#p28">28</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anderjow, <a href="#p75">75</a></p>
-<p class="par">Angud, <a href="#p81">81</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb183" href="#pb183" name="pb183">183</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Anjeer, <a href="#p82">82</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ankaloon, <a href="#p79">79</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anula, or <i>Amle</i>, <a href="#p5">5</a></p>
-<p class="par">Anwul, <a href="#p12">12</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoloo, <a href="#p58">58</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoode Belao, <a href="#p84">84</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoonk, <a href="#p86">86</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoont Kutara, <a href="#p85">85</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aord, or <i>Aort</i>, or <i>Maash</i>, <a href=
-"#p32">32</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aorde Gunta, <a href="#p40">40</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aoshire, <i>Kuss Kuss</i>, <i>Ooseer</i>? <a href=
-"#p47">47</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aotungun, <a href="#p20">20</a></p>
-<p class="par">Apheem, <a href="#p49">49</a></p>
-<p class="par">Apurjeeta, <a href="#p17">17</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aramsheetul, <a href="#p2">2</a></p>
-<p class="par">Area, <a href="#p11">11</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arhir, or <i>Toor</i>, <a href="#p31">31</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arjun, <a href="#p36">36</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arloo, <i>Catoombura</i>, or <i>Sheunag</i>, <a href=
-"#p37">37</a></p>
-<p class="par">Armeede, <a href="#p39">39</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arnd, <a href="#p34">34</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arn&eacute;, <a href="#p33">33</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arnee, <a href="#p30">30</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aru, <a href="#p6">6</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aruk, <a href="#p13">13</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arusa, <a href="#p35">35</a></p>
-<p class="par">Arvie, or <i>Arum Colocasia</i>, <a href=
-"#p38">38</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asgund, <a href="#p43">43</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asperuk, <a href="#p42">42</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asphill, <i>Padmunie</i>, <a href="#p44">44</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aspurka, <a href="#p46">46</a></p>
-<p class="par">Asteghoon, <a href="#p48">48</a></p>
-<p class="par">Astull, <i>Bunt&agrave;ki</i>, <a href="#p45">45</a></p>
-<p class="par">Atees, <a href="#p21">21</a></p>
-<p class="par">Aunalie, <a href="#p77">77</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">B.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Baag, <a href="#p108">108</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babchee, or <i>Bakchee</i>, <a href="#p102">102</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babool, <a href="#p126">126</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baboona, or <i>Marehtee</i>, <a href="#p113">113</a></p>
-<p class="par">Babur, <a href="#p104">104</a></p>
-<p class="par">Badgan, Khutay <a href="#p115">115</a></p>
-<p class="par">Badjera, <a href="#p122">122</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baeberung, <a href="#p121">121</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baele, also <i>Byll</i>, <a href="#p271">271</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bagerie, <a href="#p185">185</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baluka, <a href="#p95">95</a></p>
-<p class="par">Balchur, <a href="#p120">120</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bale, <a href="#p270">270</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bander, <a href="#p107">107</a></p>
-<p class="par">Banjkak&oacute;ra, <a href="#p98">98</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bans, <a href="#p114">114</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bansa, also Pi&aacute;bansa <a href="#p94">94</a>
-<span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb184" href="#pb184" name=
-"pb184">184</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Barasinga, <a href="#p105">105</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baraykund, or <i>Keetkuro&oacute;dh</i>, or
-<i>Subbuskund</i>, <a href="#p97">97</a></p>
-<p class="par">Barehie, <a href="#p117">117</a></p>
-<p class="par">Baremoo, <a href="#p116">116</a></p>
-<p class="par">Barumbie or Soonputtie, <a href="#p163">163</a></p>
-<p class="par">Batassa, <a href="#p134">134</a></p>
-<p class="par">Batees, <a href="#p138">138</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bealduntuck, <a href="#p279">279</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bear, also <i>Konar</i>, <a href="#p276">276</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beekhbans, or <i>Beedjbans</i>, <a href=
-"#p93">93</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beerbahootie, <a href="#p281">281</a></p>
-<p class="par">Becktindeek, <a href="#p189">189</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedareekund, <a href="#p149">149</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedarkee, <a href="#p150">150</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bedhara, <a href="#p152">152</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beechnak, <a href="#p148">148</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beedjbund, <a href="#p266">266</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bejoura, <a href="#p145">145</a></p>
-<p class="par">Belaikund, <a href="#p191">191</a></p>
-<p class="par">Benowla, <a href="#p212">212</a></p>
-<p class="par">Benth, <a href="#p267">267</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berahumie, <a href="#p175">175</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berahumnie, or <i>Berrumdundie</i>, <a href=
-"#p174">174</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berchakund, <a href="#p162">162</a></p>
-<p class="par">Berehta, or Berehti, <a href="#p166">166</a></p>
-<p class="par">Beridda, <a href="#p160">160</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhaer, also <i>Mendha</i>, <a href="#p237">237</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhains, also <i>Mahaki</i>, <a href="#p238">238</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhang, also <i>Bidjia</i>, <a href="#p248">248</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhangra, <a href="#p230">230</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhapungi, <a href="#p254">254</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bharingee, <a href="#p236">236</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhateele, <a href="#p257">257</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhehi, <a href="#p244">244</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhelawj, <a href="#p242">242</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhendi, <a href="#p250">250</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bheria, also <i>Bhudda</i>, <a href="#p239">239</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bheroza, also Gundha Bheroza, <a href=
-"#p256">256</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhindal&aelig;, <a href="#p252">252</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoeperus, <a href="#p247">247</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhohphilly, <a href="#p262">262</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoje Puttur, also <i>Burje Puttur</i> <a href=
-"#p232">232</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoodill, <a href="#p258">258</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Kajoor, <a href="#p243">243</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Kudum, <a href="#p249">249</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoothpees, <a href="#p259">259</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhoom Amulek, <a href="#p233">233</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuhira, <a href="#p241">241</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuiteroor, <a href="#p246">246</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhuntaki, <a href="#p264">264</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bhu&rsquo;th Kutaeye, <a href="#p261">261</a></p>
-<p class="par">Billie, <a href="#p194">194</a></p>
-<p class="par">Billoousseeke, <a href="#p195">195</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bindaal, <a href="#p216">216</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bindeokurkotheki, <a href="#p217">217</a></p>
-<p class="par">Birnaoo, or Buroo, <a href="#p158">158</a></p>
-<p class="par">Biscopra, <a href="#p177">177</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bishash, <a href="#p182">182</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bishnookrantha, <a href="#p181">181</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bitchoo, <a href="#p144">144</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bole, <a href="#p227">227</a></p>
-<p class="par">Boochitter, or <i>Beechitt&uacute;r</i>, <a href=
-"#p245">245</a> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb185" href="#pb185"
-name="pb185">185</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Boont, <a href="#p223">223</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bokun, or <i>Bookla</i> or <i>Book</i>, <a href=
-"#p183">183</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buckree, <a href="#p188">188</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budgerkund, also <i>Soorum</i>, <a href=
-"#p147">147</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budhill, <a href="#p151">151</a></p>
-<p class="par">Budjaesaar, <a href="#p143">143</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bukaen, <a href="#p186">186</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bukochie, <a href="#p184">184</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bulka, <a href="#p198">198</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunbele, <a href="#p203">203</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunda, <a href="#p199">199</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunpowarie, <a href="#p207">207</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bunslochun, <a href="#p210">210</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burberi, <a href="#p164">164</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bureeja, <a href="#p165">165</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burrh, <a href="#p157">157</a></p>
-<p class="par">Burruntaaki, <a href="#p171">171</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buryara, <a href="#p170">170</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bussunti, <a href="#p180">180</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butaer, <a href="#p137">137</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butch, <a href="#p146">146</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butchudder, <a href="#p142">142</a></p>
-<p class="par">Butela, <a href="#p136">136</a></p>
-<p class="par">Buthua, or <i>Pasthuk</i>, <a href="#p135">135</a></p>
-<p class="par">Byll, <a href="#p196">196</a></p>
-<p class="par">Bylla, <a href="#p197">197</a></p>
-<p class="par">Byrumbseerjella, <a href="#p168">168</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">C.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Catoombura, <a href="#p37">37</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chaab, <a href="#p340">340</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chachoondur, also <i>Chulde</i>, <a href=
-"#p357">357</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chakoth, <a href="#p347">347</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chakussoo, <a href="#p342">342</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chalkurie, <a href="#p348">348</a></p>
-<p class="par">Champa, or <i>Chumpuk</i>, <a href="#p385">385</a></p>
-<p class="par">Changerie, <a href="#p349">349</a></p>
-<p class="par">Charai, or <i>Charwolie</i>, <a href="#p344">344</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheea, or <i>Cheetkeh</i>, <a href="#p433">433</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheebook, <a href="#p350">350</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheedah, <a href="#p426">426</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheehur&aelig;, <a href="#p421">421</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheel, <a href="#p430">430</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheenah, <a href="#p427">427</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheenuk, <a href="#p423">423</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherie, <a href="#p408">408</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherkund, <a href="#p416">416</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheetah, <a href="#p429">429</a>, <a href=
-"#p432">432</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheetul, <a href="#p428">428</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chehtaon, <a href="#p404">404</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chellwuk, <a href="#p376">376</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherakakoli, or <i>Chershookla</i>, also
-<i>Chermudera</i>, <a href="#p406">406</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cherayta, also <i>Punsaal</i>, <a href=
-"#p362">362</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chereela, <a href="#p414">414</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chermb&aelig;rie, <a href="#p386">386</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chesteymud, <i>Chestee</i>, also <i>Chitemud</i>,
-<a href="#p364">364</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chetuck, <a href="#p352">352</a></p>
-<p class="par">Cheylchish, <a href="#p377">377</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chichinda, also <i>Chunchilund</i>, <a href=
-"#p356">356</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chikara, <a href="#p366">366</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chillie, <a href="#p378">378</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirchirra, <a href="#p358">358</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb186" href="#pb186" name="pb186">186</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">China, also <i>Chituck</i>, <a href="#p360">360</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirownjee, <a href="#p361">361</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirpoota, <a href="#p359">359</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chirr, <a href="#p413">413</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chitchera, or <i>Chichira</i>, also
-<i>Chirchira</i><span class="corr" id="xd24e17584" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <a href="#p351">351</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ch&oelig;kurk, <a href="#p370">370</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chohara, <a href="#p412">412</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choke, <a href="#p396">396</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choocheroo, <a href="#p418">418</a></p>
-<p class="par">Choonderdhan, or <i>Jowdhan</i>, also <i>Rukitsaal</i>,
-<a href="#p407">407</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chouch, <a href="#p403">403</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chowlai, or <i>Chowrai</i>, <a href="#p397">397</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukadana, <a href="#p374">374</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukeerka, <a href="#p369">369</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukond, <a href="#p371">371</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukora, <a href="#p367">367</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukotrah, <a href="#p372">372</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukua Chukui, <a href="#p368">368</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chukunder, <a href="#p365">365</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumbeley, <a href="#p384">384</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumbuck, <a href="#p389">389</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chumgader, <a href="#p382">382</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chunderkanth, <a href="#p390">390</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundun, <a href="#p392">392</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundunsarba, <a href="#p393">393</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundurseha, <a href="#p417">417</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chundsoor, <a href="#p391">391</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chuttra, <a href="#p354">354</a></p>
-<p class="par">Chuttar Phill, <a href="#p355">355</a></p>
-<p class="par">Coochilla, <a href="#p712">712</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">D.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Daad Murden, <a href="#p446">446</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dabeh, <a href="#p441">441</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dakh, <a href="#p445">445</a></p>
-<p class="par">Daoodie, <a href="#p440">440</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darhuld <a href="#p438">438</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darma, also <i>Soombulkhar</i>, <a href=
-"#p444">444</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darmee Saar, <a href="#p443">443</a></p>
-<p class="par">Darum, <a href="#p442">442</a></p>
-<p class="par">Datoon, also <i>Danth</i>, or <i>Danti</i>, <a href=
-"#p439">439</a></p>
-<p class="par">Deodar, also <i>D&eacute;odarie</i>, <a href=
-"#p475">475</a></p>
-<p class="par">Deomun, <a href="#p476">476</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhadahwun, <a href="#p462">462</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhaie, <a href="#p470">470</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhak, <a href="#p467">467</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhamin, or <i>Dhunoon</i>, <a href="#p460">460</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhanqie, or <i>Dhaoie</i> <a href="#p471">471</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhatura, <a href="#p465">465</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhaw, <a href="#p463">463</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhawa, <a href="#p464">464</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhawnie, <a href="#p472">472</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dheerukmola, <a href="#p473">473</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhendus, <a href="#p474">474</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dholkudum, <a href="#p468">468</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhumaha, <a href="#p469">469</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhunia, <a href="#p466">466</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dhunjawasa, <a href="#p461">461</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doob, also <i>Shittb&aacute;ra</i>, <a href=
-"#p455">455</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodee, <a href="#p457">457</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodhee, also <i>Dukd&ograve;ka</i>, <a href=
-"#p456">456</a></p>
-<p class="par">Doodka, <a href="#p459">459</a></p>
-<p class="par">Do&oacute;dputeya, <a href="#p458">458</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dooparia, <a href="#p447">447</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb187" href="#pb187" name="pb187">187</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Dukdoka, <a href="#p452">452</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dumna, also <i>Dawna</i>, <a href="#p453">453</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dundundana, <a href="#p454">454</a></p>
-<p class="par">Durba, <a href="#p449">449</a></p>
-<p class="par">Durbhur, <a href="#p450">450</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dusmool, <a href="#p451">451</a></p>
-<p class="par">Dutchina Virna, <a href="#p448">448</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">G.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Gajur, <a href="#p676">676</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geerehti, <a href="#p816">816</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geerguth, <a href="#p726">726</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gehoon, <a href="#p850">850</a></p>
-<p class="par">Geroo, <a href="#p851">851</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghafis, <a href="#p660">660</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghar, <a href="#p661">661</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghareekoon, <a href="#p663">663</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghasool, <a href="#p662">662</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghekwaar, or <i>Ghwar</i>, <a href="#p827">827</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gheyd, <a href="#p835">835</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghirb, <a href="#p664">664</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghoghaie, <a href="#p658">658</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ghora, <a href="#p820">820</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gillo, <a href="#p754">754</a></p>
-<p class="par">Godoon, <a href="#p793">793</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goh, <a href="#p801">801</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gokhroo, also <i>Kunthphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p803">803</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gomenduk, <a href="#p788">788</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goobrowla, also <i>Goobreyla</i>, <a href=
-"#p694">694</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goodhul, <a href="#p718">718</a></p>
-<p class="par">Googeerun, or <i>Gugeeroo</i>, <a href=
-"#p752">752</a></p>
-<p class="par">Googul, <a href="#p809">809</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooha, <a href="#p811">811</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goolkhairoo, <a href="#p756">756</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goolur, <a href="#p812">812</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooma, <a href="#p789">789</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondinie, <a href="#p810">810</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goond, <a href="#p768">768</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondroo, or <i>Goonderuk</i>, <a href=
-"#p808">808</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goondur, <a href="#p776">776</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goonma, <a href="#p813">813</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goongchee, <a href="#p828">828</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goor, <a href="#p731">731</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goorcha, <a href="#p786">786</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gooroochna, or <i>Gooroochun</i>, <a href=
-"#p785">785</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gota, <a href="#p805">805</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrbaghan, <a href="#p792">792</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrdun, also <i>Sutpootrie</i>, <a href=
-"#p787">787</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowreh, <a href="#p659">659</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowrohun, <a href="#p671">671</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowruk, <a href="#p794">794</a></p>
-<p class="par">Goww, <a href="#p790">790</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gowdunta, <a href="#p804">804</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudjpepullie, also <i>Gudjpeepul</i>, <a href=
-"#p710">710</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudha, <a href="#p716">716</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gudloon, <a href="#p717">717</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gugundool, <a href="#p751">751</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gulbar, <a href="#p755">755</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gumbhar, <a href="#p764">764</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundheel, <a href="#p775">775</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundhka, <a href="#p783">783</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gundhur, <a href="#p782">782</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gunduk, <a href="#p780">780</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gunyar, <a href="#p769">769</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gurehri, <a href="#p723">723</a></p>
-<p class="par">Gyndha, <a href="#p837">837</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb188" href="#pb188" name="pb188">188</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">H.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Habooka, <a href="#p1052">1052</a></p>
-<p class="par">Haimowtie, <a href="#p1051">1051</a></p>
-<p class="par">Haloon, <a href="#p1025">1025</a></p>
-<p class="par">Harsinghar, also <i>Hursinghar</i>, <a href=
-"#p1024">1024</a></p>
-<p class="par">Harun, <a href="#p1031">1031</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heeng, <a href="#p1047">1047</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heera, <a href="#p1050">1050</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heeraclokhi, <a href="#p1048">1048</a></p>
-<p class="par">Heerakussees, <a href="#p1049">1049</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hhoobaer, <a href="#p1046">1046</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingool, <a href="#p1053">1053</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingote, <a href="#p1042">1042</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hingpootrie, <a href="#p1044">1044</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hoolhool, <a href="#p1040">1040</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hoorhoora, <a href="#p1027">1027</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hudbjora, <a href="#p1026">1026</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldee, also <i>Huld</i>, <a href="#p1038">1038</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldia, <a href="#p1039">1039</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huldoo, <a href="#p1041">1041</a></p>
-<p class="par">Huns, <a href="#p1045">1045</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hunspeedie, <a href="#p1043">1043</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurbarbeorhi, <a href="#p1033">1033</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurr, <a href="#p1032">1032</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurtaal, <a href="#p1029">1029</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hurunkherie, or <i>Hurunkhoorie</i>, <a href=
-"#p1028">1028</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthal, <a href="#p1035">1035</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthchinkhar, <a href="#p1037">1037</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthkool, <a href="#p1034">1034</a></p>
-<p class="par">Husthuk, <a href="#p1036">1036</a></p>
-<p class="par">Hyrbee, <a href="#p1030">1030</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">I.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Inderain, <a href="#p74">74</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd24e18448" title=
-"Not in source">J.</span></h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Jaal, <a href="#p345">345</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaie Puttrie, <a href="#p341">341</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaiey, <a href="#p346">346</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jaiphill, <a href="#p343">343</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jamalgotay, <a href="#p383">383</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jamin, <a href="#p338">338</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jatie, <a href="#p339">339</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jawakhar, <a href="#p402">402</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jawansa, <a href="#p395">395</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeengha, <a href="#p409">409</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeepaul, <a href="#p431">431</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewuk, <a href="#p422">422</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewung, also <i>Buthua</i>, <a href="#p425">425</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jeewuntie, or <i>Je&eacute;w&uacute;nie</i>, or
-<i>J&eacute;w&aacute;</i>, <a href="#p424">424</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jest, <a href="#p363">363</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jhirberie, <a href="#p419">419</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jholputtur, <a href="#p405">405</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jhow, <a href="#p415">415</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Benth, <a href="#p379">379</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Butees, <a href="#p380">380</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jill Neeb, <a href="#p381">381</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jillpeelbuka, <a href="#p375">375</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jojakhar, <a href="#p411">411</a></p>
-<p class="par">Joonk, <a href="#p400">400</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jooqunoo, <a href="#p373">373</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juhan, <a href="#p401">401</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juhi, <a href="#p398">398</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jungliechuha, <a href="#p388">388</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junkar, <a href="#p410">410</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junth, <a href="#p394">394</a></p>
-<p class="par">Junthmook, <a href="#p387">387</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb189" href="#pb189" name="pb189">189</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Jutamaasie, <a href="#p353">353</a></p>
-<p class="par">Juwar, <a href="#p399">399</a></p>
-<p class="par">Jyaphupp, <a href="#p420">420</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">K.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Kagphill, or <i>Kagtoondie</i>, <a href=
-"#p675">675</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kaiphill, or <i>Kutphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p677">677</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakjunga, <a href="#p665">665</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakolie, <a href="#p667">667</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kakra Singie, <a href="#p673">673</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kaksaag, <a href="#p668">668</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalakora, <a href="#p685">685</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalesur, or <i>Kulesur</i>, <a href="#p688">688</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalizeerie, <a href="#p679">679</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kalseenbie, <a href="#p682">682</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanakutchoo, <a href="#p674">674</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanch or <i>Kaatch</i>, <a href="#p678">678</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kandagolhi, <a href="#p690">690</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kangeerug, <a href="#p681">681</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanghi, <a href="#p689">689</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kanjee, <a href="#p670">670</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kans, <a href="#p666">666</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kansi, <a href="#p682">682</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapithar Jug, <a href="#p696">696</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoor, <a href="#p691">691</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoorbile, <a href="#p693">693</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoor Kutcherie, <a href="#p698">698</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kapoorie, <a href="#p699">699</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karela, <a href="#p733">733</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kareyl, <a href="#p721">721</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karunj, <a href="#p722">722</a></p>
-<p class="par">Karownda, <a href="#p720">720</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kasht, <a href="#p680">680</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kasmerie, or <i>Kasmuroo</i>, or <i>Kasmurga</i>, or
-<i>Kasheera</i>, <a href="#p669">669</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kastipadile, <a href="#p687">687</a></p>
-<p class="par">Katchloon, <a href="#p686">686</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kath, also <i>Kuth</i>, <a href="#p672">672</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kathmanda, <a href="#p684">684</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawaal, <a href="#p798">798</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawul, <a href="#p765">765</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kawulguth, <a href="#p766">766</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keekur, or <i>Babool</i>, <a href="#p848">848</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keera, or <i>Kheera</i>, <a href="#p824">824</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keet, or <i>Keetie</i>, <a href="#p849">849</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keetkarode, <a href="#p847">847</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kela, <a href="#p846">846</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keloondha, <a href="#p760">760</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kenkra, <a href="#p838">838</a></p>
-<p class="par">Keora, <a href="#p843">843</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kesur, or <i>Kunkum</i>, <a href="#p839">839</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kethki, <a href="#p844">844</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kewanch, <a href="#p845">845</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khaer, also <i>Cudder</i>, <a href="#p815">815</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khand, <a href="#p825">825</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khaperia, <a href="#p823">823</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khelowrie, <a href="#p829">829</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kherboozah, <a href="#p436">436</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khergosh, <a href="#p435">435</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kherie, <a href="#p817">817</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khesoo, <a href="#p833">833</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khewumberie, <a href="#p832">832</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khopra, <a href="#p831">831</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khorasanee (Adjwain), <a href="#p25">25</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khull, <a href="#p830">830</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb190" href="#pb190" name="pb190">190</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Khusa, also <i>Oshe&eacute;re</i>, <a href=
-"#p437">437</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khutchur, <a href="#p434">434</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khutmnl, <a href="#p821">821</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khylakhylie, <a href="#p826">826</a></p>
-<p class="par">Khynth, <a href="#p834">834</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kinchua, <a href="#p836">836</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kobhee, <a href="#p791">791</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kokla, <a href="#p800">800</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookra, <a href="#p748">748</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookrie, <a href="#p749">749</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kooktunduk, <a href="#p819">819</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookurbangra, <a href="#p807">807</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kookurchundie, <a href="#p806">806</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kooleejan, <a href="#p758">758</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koolunta, <a href="#p759">759</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonch, <a href="#p796">796</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonda, also <i>Pita</i>, <a href="#p814">814</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koondoorie, <a href="#p773">773</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonj, <a href="#p795">795</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koonja, <a href="#p778">778</a></p>
-<p class="par">Koontukphill, also <i>Kuntukanta</i>, <a href=
-"#p771">771</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kootki, <a href="#p701">701</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kora, <a href="#p735">735</a></p>
-<p class="par">Korund, <a href="#p730">730</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowa, also <i>Koral</i>, <a href="#p799">799</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowadoorie, <a href="#p802">802</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowla, <a href="#p767">767</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kowrie, <a href="#p797">797</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishndaan, <a href="#p724">724</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishn Moolie, <a href="#p738">738</a></p>
-<p class="par">Krishn Saarba, <a href="#p739">739</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kubab Cheenee, <a href="#p697">697</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kudum, <a href="#p715">715</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kujoor, <a href="#p822">822</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukora, <a href="#p747">747</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrie, <a href="#p750">750</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrownda, <a href="#p753">753</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kukrownela, <a href="#p746">746</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kulownjee, <a href="#p761">761</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kulumbuk, <a href="#p757">757</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumbeela, <a href="#p779">779</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumode, or <i>Komoodutti</i>, <a href=
-"#p762">762</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kumruk, or <i>Kumruka</i>, <a href="#p763">763</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunaer or <i>Kurneer</i>, <a href="#p777">777</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kundurdolie, <a href="#p772">772</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunghi, <a href="#p784">784</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kungni, <a href="#p774">774</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunkole, <a href="#p770">770</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kunoocha, <a href="#p781">781</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kupass, or <i>Kurpass</i>, <a href="#p696">696</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kupoor, also <i>Khesia</i>, <a href="#p692">692</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurinjua, or <i>Korinjeka</i>, or <i>Kurinjee</i>,
-<a href="#p728">728</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurkund, <a href="#p734">734</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurkura, <a href="#p727">727</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurna, <a href="#p719">719</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurni, <a href="#p736">736</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurr, <a href="#p732">732</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurrukphill, <a href="#p737">737</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurwanuk, <a href="#p725">725</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kurwara, or <i>Kurwala</i>, <a href="#p729">729</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kussees, <a href="#p745">745</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kusseroo, or <i>Kusseruk</i>, <a href=
-"#p741">741</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kussoombh, <a href="#p743">743</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb191" href="#pb191" name="pb191">191</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Kussowndie, or <i>Kussownda</i>, <a href=
-"#p740">740</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kustoorie, <a href="#p744">744</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kustooryea Mirg, <a href="#p742">742</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutai, <a href="#p704">704</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutara, <a href="#p702">702</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchaloo, <a href="#p709">709</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutcherie, <a href="#p713">713</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchnar, <a href="#p708">708</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchoor, <a href="#p714">714</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutchua, <a href="#p711">711</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuteera, <a href="#p703">703</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuth, <a href="#p707">707</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kuthael, <a href="#p700">700</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutoonbur, <a href="#p705">705</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kutputrie, <a href="#p706">706</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyloot, <a href="#p842">842</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyrnie, <a href="#p818">818</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kyte, <a href="#p840">840</a></p>
-<p class="par">Kytiputtrie, <a href="#p841">841</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">L.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Laak, <a href="#p852">852</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahi, <a href="#p853">853</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahsun, <a href="#p875">875</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lahusoonia, <a href="#p877">877</a></p>
-<p class="par">Langullie, <a href="#p854">854</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lasora, <a href="#p876">876</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lawa, <a href="#p855">855</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichkutch, also <i>Lukitch</i>, <a href=
-"#p861">861</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichmiphill, <a href="#p860">860</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lichmuna, <a href="#p859">859</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lobaan, <a href="#p869">869</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lobeia, <a href="#p874">874</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lodh, <a href="#p864">864</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loha, <a href="#p867">867</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lolie, <a href="#p871">871</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lomrie, <a href="#p872">872</a></p>
-<p class="par">Long, <a href="#p868">868</a></p>
-<p class="par">Longmushk, <a href="#p873">873</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loni, <a href="#p870">870</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loodh&rsquo;phup, <a href="#p863">863</a></p>
-<p class="par">Loonia, <a href="#p866">866</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lubhera, <a href="#p855">855</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lublie, or <i>Lolie</i>, <a href="#p856">856</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lukmunia, and <i>Lukmunie</i>, <a href=
-"#p862">862</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lutoobrie, also <i>Soonitjhal</i>, <a href=
-"#p857">857</a></p>
-<p class="par">Lydoaloo, <a href="#p858">858</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">M.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Maachik, <a href="#p884">884</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maad, <a href="#p882">882</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maak, also <i>Maash</i>, <a href="#p881">881</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maankund, <a href="#p886">886</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maashpurnie, also <i>Makonie</i>, <a href=
-"#p890">890</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maat, <a href="#p889">889</a></p>
-<p class="par">Madhooie, <a href="#p879">879</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahameed, <a href="#p961">961</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maha Moondie, <a href="#p953">953</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahaneem, <a href="#p957">957</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahasutawurie, <a href="#p959">959</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahawunth, <a href="#p960">960</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahawur, <a href="#p962">962</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahesingie, <a href="#p888">888</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahkee, <a href="#p955">955</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mahwa, <a href="#p954">954</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maien, <a href="#p883">883</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb192" href="#pb192" name="pb192">192</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Majoophill, or <i>Maijphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p885">885</a></p>
-<p class="par">Malknagnie, <a href="#p878">878</a></p>
-<p class="par">Malook, <a href="#p887">887</a></p>
-<p class="par">Maoarowbnee, <a href="#p880">880</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mayoorabuka, <a href="#p965">965</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mayursuka, <a href="#p964">964</a></p>
-<p class="par">Meed, <a href="#p971">971</a></p>
-<p class="par">Meetanioboo, <a href="#p972">972</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendha, <a href="#p966">966</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendi, <a href="#p958">958</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mendi Auwul, <a href="#p963">963</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merch, <a href="#p909">909</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merchai, <a href="#p910">910</a></p>
-<p class="par">Merg, <a href="#p906">906</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mernal, <a href="#p912">912</a></p>
-<p class="par">Methie, <a href="#p968">968</a></p>
-<p class="par">Missie, also <i>Kakjunga</i>, <a href=
-"#p914">914</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mogra, <a href="#p951">951</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mohoka, <a href="#p956">956</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mohuk, <a href="#p936">936</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mokhun, <a href="#p937">937</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moocherae, <a href="#p935">935</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moodukpurnie, <a href="#p901">901</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moogta Sukut, <a href="#p921">921</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moogtaphill, <a href="#p927">927</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moojkuod, <a href="#p896">896</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mookul, <a href="#p944">944</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moolie, or <i>Moolug</i>, <a href="#p945">945</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moom, <a href="#p943">943</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moondie, <a href="#p927">927</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moondookpurnie, <a href="#p930">930</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moong, <a href="#p938">938</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moonga, <a href="#p947">947</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moonjee, <a href="#p933">933</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moora, <a href="#p905">905</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorhurrie, <a href="#p904">904</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorhuttee, <a href="#p908">908</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moorsheka, <a href="#p950">950</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mooser, <a href="#p934">934</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mooslee, or <i>Mooslicund</i>, <a href=
-"#p949">949</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moot, <a href="#p932">932</a></p>
-<p class="par">Morba, <a href="#p941">941</a></p>
-<p class="par">More, <a href="#p940">940</a></p>
-<p class="par">Moth, <a href="#p939">939</a></p>
-<p class="par">Motha, <a href="#p942">942</a></p>
-<p class="par">Motie, <a href="#p946">946</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mowlserie, <a href="#p899">899</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muchechi, <a href="#p898">898</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mucheli, <a href="#p893">893</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudden, <a href="#p894">894</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muddenphill, <a href="#p948">948</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudh, <a href="#p900">900</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhkurkuttie, <a href="#p903">903</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhoolka, <a href="#p902">902</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mudhraa, <a href="#p897">897</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mug Peepul, <a href="#p920">920</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muggur, <a href="#p918">918</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mujeeth, <a href="#p895">895</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mukbara, also <i>Mukhana</i>, <a href=
-"#p923">923</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muko, <a href="#p919">919</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mukoond, <a href="#p917">917</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mullagheer, <a href="#p924">924</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mulleen, <a href="#p926">926</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mulleka, <a href="#p925">925</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb193" href="#pb193" name="pb193">193</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Mundar, <a href="#p931">931</a></p>
-<p class="par">Munn, <a href="#p928">928</a></p>
-<p class="par">Munmal, <a href="#p929">929</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murdok, <a href="#p979">979</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murorphillie, <a href="#p913">913</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mursa, <a href="#p911">911</a></p>
-<p class="par">Murua, <a href="#p907">907</a></p>
-<p class="par">Musakunie, <a href="#p952">952</a></p>
-<p class="par">Musoor, <a href="#p915">915</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mustchagundka, <a href="#p916">916</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muttreegurba, <a href="#p892">892</a></p>
-<p class="par">Muttur <a href="#p891">891</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mydhasingie, <a href="#p969">969</a></p>
-<p class="par">Mynphill, <a href="#p967">967</a></p>
-<p class="par">Myoorjung, <a href="#p970">970</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">N.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Naa&oelig;, <a href="#p983">983</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nadey, <a href="#p980">980</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagermotha, <a href="#p981">981</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagbulla, <a href="#p989">982</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagdown, <a href="#p977">977</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagdumnie, <a href="#p978">978</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nagesur, <a href="#p976">976</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nainjooth, <a href="#p1018">1018</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nalee, or <i>Narie</i>, <a href="#p973">973</a></p>
-<p class="par">Naringee, <a href="#p975">975</a></p>
-<p class="par">Naryit, <a href="#p974">974</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neeb, <a href="#p1015">1015</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neel, <a href="#p1013">1013</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neela Sindhuk, <a href="#p1010">1010</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neela Totha, <a href="#p1005">1005</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelgau, <a href="#p1017">1017</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelasabood, <a href="#p1014">1014</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelkant, <a href="#p1008">1008</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelkunti, <a href="#p1019">1019</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neelobe, <a href="#p1016">1016</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neenboo, <a href="#p1013">1013</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neendie, <a href="#p1009">1009</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neenuk, <a href="#p1006">1006</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neeturbala, <a href="#p1004">1004</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nekund Baaperi, <a href="#p998">998</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Chitchera, <a href="#p993">993</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Kutchloon, <a href="#p995">995</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk S&oelig;ndha, <a href="#p997">997</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Soonchur, also <i>Nemuk Sia</i>, <a href=
-"#p994">994</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nemuk Udhbidh, <a href="#p996">996</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nergoondie, <a href="#p986">986</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nerkutchoor, <a href="#p985">985</a></p>
-<p class="par">Newarrie, <a href="#p1001">1001</a></p>
-<p class="par">Newla, <a href="#p1007">1007</a></p>
-<p class="par">Neyrmellie, <a href="#p987">987</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nirbissie, <a href="#p984">984</a></p>
-<p class="par">Niswut, <a href="#p988">988</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nowllee, <a href="#p1003">1003</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nowsader, <a href="#p1002">1002</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nuk, <a href="#p989">989</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nukchecknie, <a href="#p990">990</a></p>
-<p class="par">Null, or <i>Nullie</i>, <a href="#p992">992</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nullwa, <a href="#p991">991</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nunahuld, also <i>Mamerran</i> <a href=
-"#p1000">1000</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nundbyrchun, or <i>Nundbyrkha</i>, <a href=
-"#p999">999</a></p>
-<p class="par">Nypaul, also <i>Nupaul Neib</i>, <a href=
-"#p1011">1011</a> <span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb194" href="#pb194"
-name="pb194">194</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main"><span class="corr" id="xd24e20361" title=
-"Not in source">P.</span></h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Pa&aacute;, <a href="#p92">92</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paadae, <a href="#p101">101</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paan, <a href="#p110">110</a></p>
-<p class="par">Padill, also <i>Patill</i>, <a href="#p91">91</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paethaon, also <i>Culsi</i> or <i>Breshtpirnie</i>,
-<a href="#p128">128</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pakur, also <i>Pakull</i>, <a href="#p99">99</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palass, also <i>Pullae</i>, <a href="#p190">190</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palass Peepul, <a href="#p192">192</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palewut, also <i>Palook</i>, <a href="#p96">96</a></p>
-<p class="par">Palug, <a href="#p109">109</a></p>
-<p class="par">Panee Amluk, <a href="#p100">100</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papeitha, <a href="#p125">125</a></p>
-<p class="par">Paperie, <a href="#p103">103</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papeyha, <a href="#p127">127</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papieha, <a href="#p123">123</a></p>
-<p class="par">Papotun, <a href="#p124">124</a></p>
-<p class="par">Para, or <i>Parud</i>, <a href="#p112">112</a></p>
-<p class="par">Parha, <a href="#p106">106</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pariss Peepol, also <i>Palass Peepul</i>, <a href=
-"#p111">111</a></p>
-<p class="par">Parjath, or <i>Parbhudder</i>, <a href=
-"#p119">119</a></p>
-<p class="par">Passownie, <a href="#p278">278</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patera, also <i>Pat&egrave;la</i>, <a href=
-"#p130">130</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patirr, <a href="#p118">118</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patole, <a href="#p129">129</a></p>
-<p class="par">Patung, <a href="#p131">131</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pechuck, <a href="#p265">265</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pedloon, also <i>Kutchloon</i>, <a href=
-"#p156">156</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peease, <a href="#p274">274</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeche, <a href="#p280">280</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeloo, <a href="#p272">272</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeplamool, <a href="#p275">275</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peepul, <a href="#p269">269</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peertuckhpirnie, <a href="#p169">169</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peeta, also <i>Khunda</i>, <a href="#p277">277</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peetul, <a href="#p268">268</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pendaloo, <a href="#p205">205</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peoke, or <i>Peossie</i>, <a href="#p273">273</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pereshtpurnie, <a href="#p161">161</a></p>
-<p class="par">Peroza, or <i>Berektummun</i>, <a href=
-"#p176">176</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phaar, <a href="#p251">251</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phaloke, <a href="#p260">260</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phalisae, or <i>Ph&aacute;lsa</i>, <a href=
-"#p229">229</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phankra, <a href="#p253">253</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phirrhud, <a href="#p231">231</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phitkerrie, <a href="#p255">255</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phoje, <a href="#p234">234</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phooth, <a href="#p263">263</a></p>
-<p class="par">Phunjeetuck, <a href="#p240">240</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindaluck, or <i>Pindal</i>, <a href="#p206">206</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindkhajoor, <a href="#p208">208</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pindole, <a href="#p204">204</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pithpapra, <a href="#p133">133</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pockurmool, <a href="#p235">235</a></p>
-<p class="par">Podeena, <a href="#p228">228</a></p>
-<p class="par">Podhka, or <i>Boleserie</i>, <a href="#p222">222</a></p>
-<p class="par">Poiey, <a href="#p221">221</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ponauk, <a href="#p201">201</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ponda, <a href="#p226">226</a></p>
-<p class="par">Poondereek, <a href="#p211">211</a></p>
-<p class="par">Potie, <a href="#p224">224</a></p>
-<p class="par">Potuck, <a href="#p225">225</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pudumcharnie, <a href="#p154">154</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pudmeinie, <a href="#p153">153</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb195" href="#pb195" name="pb195">195</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Pudumrauj, <a href="#p155">155</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pulwull, <a href="#p193">193</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punchcheer, <a href="#p213">213</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punealae, <a href="#p220">220</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pungekool, <a href="#p214">214</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punjemool, <a href="#p215">215</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punk, <a href="#p202">202</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punna, <a href="#p209">209</a></p>
-<p class="par">Punnus, <a href="#p219">219</a></p>
-<p class="par">Puns, <a href="#p218">218</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purbal, <a href="#p167">167</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purpeeloo, <a href="#p159">159</a></p>
-<p class="par">Purundha, <a href="#p172">172</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pursarnie, <a href="#p173">173</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pushanbedh, <a href="#p187">187</a></p>
-<p class="par">Putalphoorie, <a href="#p140">140</a></p>
-<p class="par">Putrudj, <a href="#p132">132</a></p>
-<p class="par">Puturjenie, <a href="#p141">141</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pynvar, or <i>T&oelig;roota</i>, <a href=
-"#p200">200</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pystha, <a href="#p178">178</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pysturling, <a href="#p139">139</a></p>
-<p class="par">Pytha, <a href="#p179">179</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">R.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Raab, <a href="#p477">477</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raal, <a href="#p483">483</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raang, <a href="#p482">482</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rahusphill, <a href="#p515">515</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rai, <a href="#p482">482</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raibele, <a href="#p486">486</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raidooree, <a href="#p488">488</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajehuns, <a href="#p481">481</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajejakha, <a href="#p480">480</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rajeneemboophile, <a href="#p485">485</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raje Umber, <a href="#p478">478</a></p>
-<p class="par">Raje Ummur, <a href="#p489">489</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ramputtrie, <a href="#p484">484</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rashna, <a href="#p487">487</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rasie<span class="corr" id="xd24e20927" title=
-"Not in source">,</span> <a href="#p490">490</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rassun. Also <i>Raisun</i>, or <i>Rowasun</i>, <a href=
-"#p479">479</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rattaloo, also <i>Runtaloo</i>, <a href=
-"#p492">492</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rawasun, <a href="#p507">507</a></p>
-<p class="par">Recktaal, or <i>Rukitkund</i>, <a href=
-"#p601">601</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reech, <a href="#p517">517</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reenga, <a href="#p518">518</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reetha, <a href="#p519">519</a></p>
-<p class="par">Reewudj, <a href="#p516">516</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rekhbuk, <i>Rekhbukh</i>, or <i>Rekhba</i>, <a href=
-"#p500">500</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rewind, <a href="#p520">520</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roheera, <a href="#p514">514</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rohni, <a href="#p513">513</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rohoo, <a href="#p508">508</a></p>
-<p class="par">Romus, or <i>Mudwal</i>, <a href="#p512">512</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roohus, <a href="#p509">509</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roodraz, <a href="#p495">495</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roodwunti, <a href="#p495">495</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rooi, <a href="#p511">511</a></p>
-<p class="par">Roopa, also <i>Roopuk</i>, <a href="#p510">510</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruckitchunden, <a href="#p502">502</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rudd, <a href="#p494">494</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rukitphoop, <a href="#p504">504</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rukitsal, <a href="#p503">503</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rungni, <a href="#p505">505</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rungtirra, also <i>Sungtirra</i>, <a href=
-"#p506">506</a></p>
-<p class="par">Russ, <a href="#p497">497</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb196" href="#pb196" name="pb196">196</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Russ Kapoor, <a href="#p499">499</a></p>
-<p class="par">Rusunjeen, <a href="#p498">498</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruswut, <a href="#p496">496</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruttun, <a href="#p493">493</a></p>
-<p class="par">Ruttunjooth, also <i>Abookhoolsa</i>, <a href=
-"#p491">491</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">S.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Saaje, <a href="#p534">534</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saal, <a href="#p542">542</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saale, <a href="#p536">536</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saalie, <a href="#p532">532</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saalpernie, or <i>Saloom</i>, <a href=
-"#p531">531</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saaltie, also <i>Kapoor Kutcherie</i>, <a href=
-"#p533">533</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saamp, <a href="#p541">541</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saarba, <a href="#p527">527</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sabur, <a href="#p539">539</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saeb, <a href="#p634">634</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sagown, or <i>Saag</i>, <a href="#p530">530</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sahidei, <a href="#p619">619</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sahunserbede, <a href="#p617">617</a></p>
-<p class="par">Salamookh, <a href="#p537">537</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saluk, or <i>Salook</i>, <a href="#p529">529</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sanbir, <a href="#p526">526</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saramill, <i>Sarumluk</i>, or <i>Saral</i>, <a href=
-"#p528">528</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sarass, <a href="#p540">540</a></p>
-<p class="par">Saro, <a href="#p538">538</a></p>
-<p class="par">Satoon, <a href="#p543">543</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sawang, <a href="#p535">535</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sealie, <a href="#p628">628</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sebaloo, <i>Sebalie</i>, or <i>Nindee</i>, <a href=
-"#p589">589</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sedarth, <a href="#p554">554</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seelidj, <a href="#p632">632</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seenaki, <a href="#p629">629</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seenku, <a href="#p630">630</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seep, or <i>Seepie</i>, <a href="#p633">633</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seetaphill, <a href="#p635">635</a></p>
-<p class="par">Segund Philla, <a href="#p575">575</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sehoond, <a href="#p623">623</a></p>
-<p class="par">Semb, also <i>S&eacute;me</i>, <a href=
-"#p622">622</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sembill, <a href="#p621">621</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sendh&aelig;, <a href="#p627">627</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sendhi, <a href="#p626">626</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seotie, <a href="#p631">631</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sericbans, <a href="#p563">563</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seriepurnie, also <i>Gumbar</i>, <a href=
-"#p570">570</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seriss, also <i>Sereeka</i>, <a href="#p564">564</a></p>
-<p class="par">Serje, <a href="#p560">560</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seroopbudder, <a href="#p571">571</a></p>
-<p class="par">Seroopjeea, <a href="#p569">569</a></p>
-<p class="par">Setawur, also <i>Setawurie</i>, or <i>Shetawur</i>,
-<a href="#p549">549</a></p>
-<p class="par">Setoopula, <a href="#p548">548</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shaldan, <a href="#p637">637</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shalook, <a href="#p638">638</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheesha, <a href="#p654">654</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheeshum, also <i>Seeshum</i>, <a href=
-"#p655">655</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheeta, <a href="#p653">653</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shehut, <a href="#p652">652</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sheobogun, <a href="#p656">656</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shereefa, also <i>Seetaphill</i>, <a href=
-"#p642">642</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shetoot, <a href="#p651">651</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shitawuballie, <a href="#p641">641</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sholie, <a href="#p649">649</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shora, <a href="#p650">650</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shubbe, <a href="#p639">639</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shuftaloo, <a href="#p643">643</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb197" href="#pb197" name="pb197">197</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Shukur Javan, <a href="#p644">644</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shukur Kund, <a href="#p645">645</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shumie, also <i>Seenkur</i>, <a href="#p646">646</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shungirf, also <i>Ingoor</i>, <a href=
-"#p648">648</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shunphopee, <a href="#p647">647</a></p>
-<p class="par">Shutawur, <a href="#p640">640</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sial, <a href="#p625">625</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sillajeet, also <i>Silladeet</i>, <a href=
-"#p577">577</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sillaruss, <a href="#p578">578</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sindoor, <a href="#p590">590</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sindoorie, <a href="#p585">585</a></p>
-<p class="par">Singhara, <a href="#p584">584</a></p>
-<p class="par">Singia, or <i>Singia Jur</i>, also <i>Singia Khar</i>,
-or <i>Beechnak</i>, <a href="#p636">636</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sip Kullie, <a href="#p544">544</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirool, <a href="#p565">565</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirpund, <a href="#p562">562</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirsom, or <i>Seerkup</i>, <a href="#p566">566</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sirunmaki, <a href="#p568">568</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sisoo, or <i>Sishum</i>, <a href="#p624">624</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohaga, <a href="#p620">620</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohora, <a href="#p616">616</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sohunjena, or <i>Suhinjena</i>, or <i>Sajena</i>, or
-<i>Sekir</i>, <a href="#p618">618</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooder Lone, <a href="#p581">581</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooder Phane, <a href="#p580">580</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somooderphill, <a href="#p579">579</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somoodersake, <a href="#p582">582</a></p>
-<p class="par">Somph, <a href="#p605">605</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sona, <a href="#p604">604</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sonamukie, <a href="#p597">597</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sonth, <a href="#p606">606</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soocherakhar, <a href="#p553">553</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooderie, <a href="#p610">610</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooe Junglie, <a href="#p612">612</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soogunass, <a href="#p576">576</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soomboolkhar, <a href="#p591">591</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soombullie, <a href="#p599">599</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soonchur, <a href="#p608">608</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soonkullie, <a href="#p613">613</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soopearee, <a href="#p545">545</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soopee, <a href="#p603">603</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorinjoothka, <a href="#p596">596</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorjemooki, <a href="#p609">609</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooroon, <a href="#p598">598</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorudijhall, <a href="#p615">615</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soorunkitki, <a href="#p567">567</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sooryalee, <a href="#p561">561</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soos, <a href="#p600">600</a></p>
-<p class="par">Soubustanee, <a href="#p611">611</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sowa, <a href="#p607">607</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sowall, <a href="#p614">614</a></p>
-<p class="par">Subskun, <a href="#p546">546</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sud Sohaung, <a href="#p555">555</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suda Khar, <a href="#p556">556</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sudagolab, <a href="#p558">558</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sudaphill, or <i>Sudeephill</i>, <a href=
-"#p557">557</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suer, <a href="#p601">601</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suffrie Ambr, <a href="#p574">574</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungjerahut, also <i>Sungderaz</i>, <a href=
-"#p594">594</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungjoothka, <a href="#p595">595</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungkaholie, <a href="#p586">586</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sungtirra, <a href="#p583">583</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkh, <a href="#p588">588</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkhal, <a href="#p593">593</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb198" href="#pb198" name="pb198">198</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Sunkia, <a href="#p592">592</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sunn, <a href="#p587">587</a></p>
-<p class="par">Surphoka, also <i>Soojer</i>, <a href=
-"#p559">559</a></p>
-<p class="par">Surwalla, <a href="#p572">572</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sussa, <a href="#p573">573</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutarie, <a href="#p547">547</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suteepulas, <a href="#p552">552</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutputtrie, <a href="#p550">550</a></p>
-<p class="par">Sutsar, <a href="#p551">551</a></p>
-<p class="par">Suwa, <a href="#p602">602</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">T.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Taal, or <i>Taar</i>, <a href="#p283">283</a></p>
-<p class="par">Taalesputter, <a href="#p284">284</a></p>
-<p class="par">Taberuck, <a href="#p286">286</a></p>
-<p class="par">Takkur, <a href="#p305">305</a></p>
-<p class="par">Talmukara, or <i>Talmukana</i>, <a href=
-"#p282">282</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tamaal, <a href="#p312">312</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tamaalputtur, <a href="#p314">314</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tanbirr, <a href="#p285">285</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tarkoota, or <i>Terookhun</i>, <a href=
-"#p294">294</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tatyrie, <a href="#p289">289</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tawakeer, <a href="#p320">320</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tedhara, <a href="#p292">292</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teerun, <a href="#p335">335</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teetee, <a href="#p337">337</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teetur, <a href="#p330">330</a></p>
-<p class="par">Telk, <a href="#p308">308</a></p>
-<p class="par">Telkirur, or <i>Telk&uacute;r</i>, <a href=
-"#p332">332</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teluck, <a href="#p307">307</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tendhoo, also <i>Tendook</i>, <a href=
-"#p328">328</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tendooa, <a href="#p331">331</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teraemanna, also <i>Teraman</i>, <a href=
-"#p229">229</a></p>
-<p class="par">Terbile, <a href="#p336">336</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teriagundh, of <i>Tirjatuck</i>, <a href=
-"#p295">295</a></p>
-<p class="par">Teroor, also great <i>Dathun</i>, <a href=
-"#p300">300</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tersindiaturnie, <a href="#p298">298</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tesoo, <a href="#p333">333</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tezpat, <a href="#p334">334</a></p>
-<p class="par">Thour, <a href="#p327">327</a></p>
-<p class="par">Till, or <i>Tillee</i>, <a href="#p309">309</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirdisha, <a href="#p302">302</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirmirra, <a href="#p297">297</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirnie, <a href="#p301">301</a> <span class=
-"pagenum">[<a id="pb199" href="#pb199" name="pb199">199</a>]</span></p>
-<p class="par">Tirpurnie, <a href="#p304">304</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tirtuck, <a href="#p296">296</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tittereck, also <i>Tintereek</i>, <a href=
-"#p290">290</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tombrir, also <i>Tombie</i>, <a href="#p321">321</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toodun, <a href="#p325">325</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tooiekam, <a href="#p324">324</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toolsi, <a href="#p310">310</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toon, <a href="#p315">315</a>, <a href=
-"#p316">316</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toor, <a href="#p31">31</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toott, <a href="#p326">326</a></p>
-<p class="par">Toour, <a href="#p323">323</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tubasheer, or <i>Tubakeer</i>, <a href=
-"#p287">287</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tudje, also <i>Keelkheela</i>, <a href=
-"#p291">291</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuggur, <a href="#p306">306</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tomakoo, <a href="#p311">311</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tumbole, <a href="#p318">318</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tunkaar, <a href="#p319">319</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuntureek, also <i>Seem&aacute;k</i>, <a href=
-"#p317">317</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tuputtee, or <i>Typsie</i>, <a href="#p288">288</a></p>
-<p class="par">Turai, <a href="#p322">322</a></p>
-<p class="par">Turkool, <a href="#p293">293</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tym, <a href="#p313">313</a></p>
-<p class="par">Tyrphilla, <a href="#p303">303</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">V.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Vaasun, also <i>Bootee Shaikh Fureed</i>, <a href=
-"#p1020">1020</a></p>
-<p class="par">Vcherkhar, <a href="#p1021">1021</a></p>
-<p class="par">Veedoorie, also <i>Bedoorie</i>, <a href=
-"#p1022">1022</a></p>
-<p class="par">Veroojun, also <i>Beroojun</i>, <a href=
-"#p1023">1023</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 letter"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">Z.</h3>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par first">Zachmeheath, <a href="#p523">523</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zeera, <a href="#p521">521</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zeerki, <a href="#p522">522</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zerki, also <i>K&aacute;la Dana</i>, <a href=
-"#p524">524</a></p>
-<p class="par">Zumiekund, <a href="#p525">525</a></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div2 appendix"><span class="pagenum">[<a href=
-"#toc">Contents</a>]</span>
-<div class="divHead">
-<h3 class="main">APPENDIX.</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>&nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>Page.</i></span></li>
-<li>Burning of hands and feet, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum">177</span></li>
-<li>Parts of human body, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum">178</span></li>
-<li>Tastes, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Secretions or humours, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
-<span class="tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Degrees, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum">179</span></li>
-<li>Weights, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-<li>Abbreviations, &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <span class=
-"tocPageNum"><i>ibid.</i></span></li>
-</ul>
-<p><span class="pagenum">[<a id="pb200" href="#pb200" name=
-"pb200">200</a>]</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="divBody">
-<p class="par">N. B. A few articles contained in the original work,
-viz. Medicines principally used in sorcery and incantation, have been
-omitted with the Translator&rsquo;s permission. This renders the
-succession of Nos. of the articles irregular,&mdash;for instance, No.
-72 follows next after No. 70.</p>
-<p class="par signed">W. T.</p>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-</div>
-<div class="div1" id="toc">
-<h2 class="main">Table of Contents</h2>
-<table>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#notice">Notice</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href=
-"#preface">TRANSLATOR&rsquo;S PREFACE.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#preface">iii</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#gloss">GLOSSARY.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#gloss">v</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#taleef">TRANSLATED FROM
-THE ORIGINAL, WITH ADDITIONS. ALEF</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#taleef">1</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e1874">BEH</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1874">21</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e4724">TEH</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4724">56</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e5542">JEEM</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5542">65</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e6871">KHAH</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6871">76</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e6915">DAL</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6915">77</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e7440">REH</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7440">83</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e8052">ZAIN</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8052">89</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e8107">SEEN</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8107">90</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e9834">SHEEN</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e9834">108</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e10041">AIN</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e10041">110</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href=
-"#xd24e10064">GHAIN</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e10064">110</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e10135">KAF</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e10135">111</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e12807">LAM</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e12807">143</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e13242">MEEM</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e13242">148</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e14702">NOON</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e14702">165</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e15367">VAV</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15367">172</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#xd24e15429">HEH</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15429">173</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#app">Appendix</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#app">177</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#xd24e15889">Burning in
-the Hands and Feet</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15889">177</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href="#xd24e15941">The
-tastes</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15941">178</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e16096">Degrees</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e16096">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e16123">Weights</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e16123">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td></td>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="7"><a href=
-"#xd24e16193">Abbreviations</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e16193">179</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="tocDivNum"></td>
-<td class="tocDivTitle" colspan="8"><a href="#index">INDEX.</a></td>
-<td class="tocPageNum"><a class="pageref" href="#index">181</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-<div class="transcribernote">
-<h2 class="main">Colophon</h2>
-<h3 class="main">Availability</h3>
-<p class="par first">This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no
-cost and with almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give
-it away or re-use it under the terms of the <a class="seclink xd24e43"
-title="External link" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/license" rel=
-"license">Project Gutenberg License</a> included with this eBook or
-online at <a class="seclink xd24e43" title="External link" href=
-"https://www.gutenberg.org/" rel="home">www.gutenberg.org</a>.</p>
-<p class="par">This eBook is produced by the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at <a class="exlink xd24e43" title="External link"
-href="http://www.pgdp.net/">www.pgdp.net</a>.</p>
-<h3 class="main">Metadata</h3>
-<table class="colophonMetadata">
-<tr>
-<td><b>Title:</b></td>
-<td>The Taleef Shereef, Or Indian Materia Medica</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Author:</b></td>
-<td>[Muh&#803;ammad Shar&#299;f Kh&#257;n]</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Translator:</b></td>
-<td>George Playfair</td>
-<td><a href="http://viaf.org/viaf/37312300" class=
-"exlink">Info</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Language:</b></td>
-<td>English</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td><b>Original publication date:</b></td>
-<td>1833</td>
-<td></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<h3>Catalog entries</h3>
-<table class="catalogEntries">
-<tr>
-<td>Related WorldCat catalog page:</td>
-<td><a href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/504426282" class=
-"seclink">504426282</a></td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td>Related Open Library catalog page (for work):</td>
-<td><a href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL9420386W" class=
-"seclink">OL9420386W</a></td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-<h3 class="main">Encoding</h3>
-<p class="par first">This work is sorted according to the Arabic (Urdu)
-alphabetical order. Headers have been supplied by the transcriber.</p>
-<h3 class="main">Revision History</h3>
-<ul>
-<li>2011-01-01 Started.</li>
-</ul>
-<h3 class="main">External References</h3>
-<p>This Project Gutenberg eBook contains external references. These
-links may not work for you.</p>
-<h3 class="main">Corrections</h3>
-<p>The following corrections have been applied to the text:</p>
-<table class="correctiontable" summary=
-"Overview of corrections applied to the text.">
-<tr>
-<th>Page</th>
-<th>Source</th>
-<th>Correction</th>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e369">1</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e392">2</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Perpared</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Prepared</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e401">3</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">pealed</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">peeled</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e411">3</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and stone</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e413">3</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e418">3</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e12130">134</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">eat</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">eaten</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e667">7</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">),</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e745">8</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Madentuzeerabad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e794">9</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7506">84</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&ldquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1016">11</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1685">19</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e8768">97</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11296">125</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12209">136</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15062">169</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1045">12</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1581">17</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1773">20</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e3116">37</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5528">65</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6309">72</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e6460">73</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7031">79</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7642">85</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e7740">86</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7841">87</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10390">114</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e10454">115</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11406">127</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12850">144</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e12963">145</a>, <a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13124">147</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13685">152</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e15832">177</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1594">17</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">serratted</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">serrated</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1694">19</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.&mdash;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e1938">22</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentuzurrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2065">24</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maader Tezerrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2283">27</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadertererrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e2643">32</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10267">113</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3084">37</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strenghthens</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strengthens</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3193">38</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">herbt ribe</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">herb tribe</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e3336">39</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">th eseeds</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">the seeds</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4000">47</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">from</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">by</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4007">47</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">or</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4522">53</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">lithonthriptic,</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">are lithonthriptic, useful in</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e4595">54</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, bile</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5121">60</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">(</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5656">66</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">effetcual</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">effectual</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e5771">67</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">are</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6006">69</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strenghtens</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">strengthens</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6114">69</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e16218">179</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e17584">186</a>, <a class="pageref" href=
-"#xd24e20927">195</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">,</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6216">71</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jamalgotay</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jamalgota</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6263">71</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">appetie</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">appetite</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e6390">72</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">of</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7575">85</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">it sproperties</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">its properties</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7714">86</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">he</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">the</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e7753">87</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&prime;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8238">91</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Saale</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Saal</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8807">97</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezurrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e8812">97</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">mois</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">moist</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9032">100</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">phelgm</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">phlegm</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e9936">110</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">benefical</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">beneficial</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10203">112</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">cummin</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">cumin</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10261">113</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14652">164</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chesnut</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chestnut</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10360">114</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">symptoms</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">disorders</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e10823">119</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Arukbuhar</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Arukbahar</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11084">122</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">it</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">its</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11461">127</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, also</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e11687">130</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">do</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">does</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12178">135</a>,
-<a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14374">162</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12543">140</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">(Hawk)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12546">140</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Baar</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Baaz</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12896">144</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, a</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e12971">145</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadenterzerrubad</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Maadentezerrubad</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13016">145</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Portulacca</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Portulaca</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13963">157</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Jumaz</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Juzam</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e13977">157</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Moonjee</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">Monje</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14536">163</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">exhilirates</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">exhilarates</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e14806">166</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">and cherdee</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">chordee</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15315">172</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">, with great good effect</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Deleted</i>]</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e15340">172</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">&rdquo;)</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">)&rdquo;</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e18448">188</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">J.</td>
-</tr>
-<tr>
-<td class="width20"><a class="pageref" href="#xd24e20361">194</a></td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">[<i>Not in source</i>]</td>
-<td class="width40 bottom">P.</td>
-</tr>
-</table>
-</div>
-</div>
-</body>
-</html>