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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
+Procedures for determining public domain status are described in
+the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org.
+
+No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in
+jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize
+this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright
+status under the laws that apply to them.
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #55036 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/55036)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Sixteenth, or, The
-Bedfordshire Regiment of Foot: From Its For, by Richard Cannon
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Historical Record of the Sixteenth, or, The Bedfordshire Regiment of Foot: From Its Formation in 1688 to 1848
-
-Author: Richard Cannon
-
-Release Date: July 3, 2017 [EBook #55036]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
-
- Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.
-
- A superscript is denoted by ^x or ^{xx}, for example M^cManus or
- Esq^{re}.
-
- Some minor changes are noted at the end of the book.
-
-
-
-
-[Illustration:
-
- BY COMMAND OF His late Majesty WILLIAM THE IV^{TH}.
- _and under the Patronage of_
- Her Majesty the Queen.
-
- HISTORICAL RECORDS,
- _OF THE_
- British Army
-
- _Comprising the
- History of every Regiment
- IN HER MAJESTY'S SERVICE_.
-
- _By Richard Cannon Esq^{re}._
-
- _Adjutant General's Office, Horse Guards._
-
- London.
-
- _Printed by Authority._]
-
-
-
-
- HISTORICAL RECORD
-
- OF
-
- THE SIXTEENTH,
-
- OR,
-
- THE BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT;
-
- CONTAINING
-
- AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT
- IN 1688,
-
- AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES
- TO 1848.
-
- COMPILED BY
- RICHARD CANNON, ESQ.
- ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS.
-
- ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES.
-
- LONDON:
- PARKER, FURNIVALL, & PARKER,
- 30 CHARING CROSS.
-
- M DCCC XLVIII.
-
-
-
-
- LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,
- FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.
-
-
-
-
-SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-CONTENTS
-
-OF THE
-
-HISTORICAL RECORD.
-
-
- PAGE
- YEAR INTRODUCTION
-
- 1688 Formation of the Regiment 1
-
- ---- Establishment and Uniform 2
-
- ---- Quartered at Stony Stratford -
-
- 1689 Embarked for Holland 3
-
- ---- Engaged at Walcourt -
-
- ---- Marched to Bruges 4
-
- 1690 Marched to Brussels -
-
- 1691 Joined the Army in South Brabant -
-
- 1692 Engaged at Steenkirk -
-
- ---- Colonel Hodges killed 5
-
- 1693 Engaged at Landen -
-
- ---- Quartered at Dendermond -
-
- 1694 Joined the Army in the Field 6
-
- ---- Returned to Dendermond -
-
- 1695 Joined in the Siege and Capture of Namur -
-
- 1696 Joined the Army of Brabant -
-
- 1697 Treaty of Peace concluded at Ryswick 7
-
- ---- Embarked for Ireland -
-
- 1701 Preparations for recommencing War with France -
-
- ---- Re-embarked for Holland -
-
- ---- Reviewed on Breda-Heath by King William III. -
-
- 1702 Proceeded to Rosendael -
-
- ---- Encamped at Cranenburg -
-
- ---- Siege of Kayserswerth -
-
- ---- Marched to Nimeguen -
-
- ---- War declared against France 8
-
- ---- Earl of Marlborough assumed the command of the Army -
-
- ---- Siege of Venloo -
-
- ---- -------- Ruremonde -
-
- ---- -------- Stevenswaert -
-
- ---- Capture of the Citadel of Liege -
-
- ---- Returned to Holland -
-
- 1703 Marched towards Maestricht -
-
- ---- Siege and Capture of Huy -
-
- ---- -------------------- Limburg -
-
- ---- Returned to Holland -
-
- 1704 Accompanied the Army to Germany 9
-
- ---- Battle of Schellenberg -
-
- ---- Crossed the Danube -
-
- ---- Battle of Blenheim -
-
- ---- Marshal Tallard, and many officers and soldiers,
- made prisoners -
-
- ---- Returned to Holland 10
-
- 1705 Attacks on Helixem and Neer-Hespen --
-
- 1706 Battle of Ramilies 11
-
- ---- Surrender of principal towns of Brabant --
-
- ---- Marched into quarters at Ghent --
-
- 1708 Returned to England to repel invasion by the Pretender --
-
- ---- Returned to Flanders --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Ghent --
-
- ---- Battle of Oudenarde --
-
- ---- Siege of Lisle 12
-
- ---- Surrender of the Citadel of Lisle --
-
- 1709 Siege and Capture of Tournay 13
-
- 1709 Battle of Malplaquet --
-
- ---- Siege and Surrender of Mons 14
-
- ---- Marched into winter quarters at Ghent --
-
- 1710 Engaged in forcing the French Lines at Pont-à-Vendin --
-
- ---- Siege and Surrender of Douay --
-
- ---- ---------------------- Bethune --
-
- ---- ---------------------- Aire and St. Venant --
-
- ---- Returned to Ghent --
-
- 1711 Engaged in forcing the French Lines at Arleux --
-
- ---- Siege of Bouchain --
-
- 1712 Joined the Army at Tournay 15
-
- ---- Encamped at Cateau-Cambresis --
-
- ---- Surrender of Quesnoy --
-
- ---- Suspension of hostilities --
-
- ---- Detached to Dunkirk --
-
- 1714 Embarked for Scotland --
-
- 1739 War declared against Spain 16
-
- 1740 Encamped near Newbury under Lieutenant-General Wade 17
-
- ---- Embarked as Marines --
-
- ---- Re-landed at Portsmouth --
-
- ---- A detachment embarked for the West Indies on
- an Expedition under General Lord Cathcart --
-
- 1741 Expedition arrived at Jamaica --
-
- ---- Employed at Carthagena, in South America --
-
- ---- Detachment nearly annihilated by disease --
-
- 1742 War of the Austrian Succession commenced --
-
- 1745 Arrival in Scotland of Charles Edward, eldest
- son of the Pretender --
-
- 1746 Regiment embarked for Scotland 18
-
- 1748 Termination of the War on the Continent --
-
- 1749 Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1751 Royal Warrant issued on 1st July for regulating
- the Clothing, Colours, &c. of Regiments --
-
- 1755 War re-commenced with France 19
-
- 1763 Peace of Fontainebleau took place --
-
- 1767 Embarked for Florida in South America 20
-
- 1775 War commenced with North America --
-
- 1778 War commenced with France, Spain, and Holland 21
-
- 1779 Regiment withdrew to Baton Rouge, and made
- prisoners of war by the Spanish Governor of
- Louisiana --
-
- ---- Engaged with French and American forces at
- Savannah and the State of Georgia --
-
- 1781 Defended Pensacola against a Spanish force 22
-
- 1782 Returned to England from South America 23
-
- ---- Authorized to assume the County Title of _Buckinghamshire_
- Regiment --
-
- ---- Termination of the American War --
-
- 1784 Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1790 Embarked for Nova Scotia 24
-
- 1791 Removed to Jamaica --
-
- 1793 Revolution broke out in France --
-
- ---- Republican principles extended to the French
- West India Settlements --
-
- ---- Detachment embarked from Jamaica for St. Domingo --
-
- 1795 Engaged in the Maroon War in Jamaica --
-
- 1796 Maroons reduced to submission, and removed from Jamaica 25
-
- ---- Regiment returned to England --
-
- 1797 Embarked for Scotland --
-
- 1799 Returned to England 26
-
- 1800 Embarked for Ireland --
-
- 1802 Peace of Amiens concluded --
-
- 1803 War with France re-commenced --
-
- 1804 Embarked for the West Indies --
-
- ---- Employed on an Expedition against Surinam 27
-
- 1806 Attacked by a large force of predatory Negroes at Surinam --
-
- 1809 The County Title exchanged to the _Bedfordshire_
- instead of the Buckinghamshire Regiment 28
-
- 1811 Returned to England --
-
- 1813 Embarked for Scotland --
-
- ---- Proceeded to Ireland --
-
- 1814 War took place with the United States of America 29
-
- ---- Embarked for Canada --
-
- 1815 Returned to England, proceeded to Ostend, and
- marched to Paris --
-
- ---- Returned to England --
-
- 1816 Embarked for Ireland 30
-
- 1819 Embarked for Ceylon --
-
- 1828 Embarked for Bengal 31
-
- 1841 Embarked for England 32
-
- 1843 Proceeded to Ireland 33
-
- 1846 Six Service Companies embarked for Gibraltar 34
-
- 1847 Six Service Companies embarked for Corfu --
-
- 1848 Four Depôt Companies embarked from Cork for Guernsey --
-
- ---- The Conclusion --
-
-
-PLATES.
-
- Costume of the Regiment to face 1
-
- Colours of the Regiment " 34
-
-
-SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
-
-OF THE
-
-SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
- YEAR PAGE
-
- 1688 Archibald Douglas 35
-
- ---- Robert Hodges 36
-
- 1692 _Hon._ James Stanley, afterwards Earl of Derby --
-
- 1705 Francis Godfrey 37
-
- 1711 Henry Durell 38
-
- 1713 Hans Hamilton --
-
- 1715 Richard _Viscount_ Irwin --
-
- 1717 James Cholmeley 39
-
- 1724 Henry Earl of Deloraine, K.B. --
-
- 1730 Roger Handasyd 40
-
- 1763 _Hon._ Robert Brudenell --
-
- 1765 Sir William Draper, K.B. --
-
- 1766 James Gisborne 41
-
- 1778 James Robertson --
-
- 1788 _Hon._ Thomas Bruce 42
-
- 1797 Henry Bowyer --
-
- 1808 Sir Charles Green, Bart. 43
-
- 1814 Sir George Prevost, Bart. 44
-
- 1816 Hugh Mackay Gordon 45
-
- 1823 William Carr, _Viscount_ Beresford, G.C.B. and G.C.H. --
-
-
-
-
-GENERAL ORDERS.
-
-
- _HORSE-GUARDS_,
- _1st January, 1836_.
-
-His Majesty has been pleased to command that, with the view of
-doing the fullest justice to Regiments, as well as to Individuals
-who have distinguished themselves by their Bravery in Action with
-the Enemy, an Account of the Services of every Regiment in the
-British Army shall be published under the superintendence and
-direction of the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall
-contain the following particulars, viz.:--
-
- ---- The Period and Circumstances of the Original Formation of
- the Regiment; The Stations at which it has been from time to time
- employed; The Battles, Sieges, and other Military Operations
- in which it has been engaged, particularly specifying any
- Achievement it may have performed, and the Colours, Trophies,
- &c., it may have captured from the Enemy.
-
- ---- The Names of the Officers, and the number of
- Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or Wounded by the
- Enemy, specifying the place and Date of the Action.
-
- ---- The Names of those Officers who, in consideration of their
- Gallant Services and Meritorious Conduct in Engagements with the
- Enemy, have been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other
- Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour.
-
- ---- The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned Officers,
- and Privates, as may have specially signalized themselves in
- Action.
-
- And,
-
- ---- The Badges and Devices which the Regiment may have been
- permitted to bear, and the Causes on account of which such Badges
- or Devices, or any other Marks of Distinction, have been granted.
-
- By Command of the Right Honorable
-
- GENERAL LORD HILL,
- _Commanding-in-Chief_.
-
- JOHN MACDONALD,
- _Adjutant-General_.
-
-
-
-
-PREFACE.
-
-
-The character and credit of the British Army must chiefly depend
-upon the zeal and ardour by which all who enter into its service
-are animated, and consequently it is of the highest importance that
-any measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation, by which
-alone great and gallant actions are achieved, should be adopted.
-
-Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment of this desirable
-object than a full display of the noble deeds with which the
-Military History of our country abounds. To hold forth these bright
-examples to the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to
-incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those who have
-preceded him in their honorable career, are among the motives that
-have given rise to the present publication.
-
-The operations of the British Troops are, indeed, announced in the
-"London Gazette," from whence they are transferred into the public
-prints: the achievements of our armies are thus made known at the
-time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute of praise and
-admiration to which they are entitled. On extraordinary occasions,
-the Houses of Parliament have been in the habit of conferring on
-the Commanders, and the Officers and Troops acting under their
-orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks for their skill
-and bravery; and these testimonials, confirmed by the high honour
-of their Sovereign's approbation, constitute the reward which the
-soldier most highly prizes.
-
-It has not, however, until late years, been the practice (which
-appears to have long prevailed in some of the Continental armies)
-for British Regiments to keep regular records of their services
-and achievements. Hence some difficulty has been experienced in
-obtaining, particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic
-account of their origin and subsequent services.
-
-This defect will now be remedied, in consequence of His Majesty
-having been pleased to command that every Regiment shall, in
-future, keep a full and ample record of its services at home and
-abroad.
-
-From the materials thus collected, the country will henceforth
-derive information as to the difficulties and privations which
-chequer the career of those who embrace the military profession. In
-Great Britain, where so large a number of persons are devoted to
-the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures, and commerce, and
-where these pursuits have, for so long a period, being undisturbed
-by the _presence of war_, which few other countries have escaped,
-comparatively little is known of the vicissitudes of active service
-and of the casualties of climate, to which, even during peace, the
-British Troops are exposed in every part of the globe, with little
-or no interval of repose.
-
-In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which the country
-derives from the industry and the enterprise of the agriculturist
-and the trader, its happy inhabitants may be supposed not often to
-reflect on the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,--on
-their sufferings,--and on the sacrifice of valuable life, by which
-so many national benefits are obtained and preserved.
-
-The conduct of the British Troops, their valour, and endurance,
-have shone conspicuously under great and trying difficulties; and
-their character has been established in Continental warfare by the
-irresistible spirit with which they have effected debarkations in
-spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the gallantry and
-steadiness with which they have maintained their advantages against
-superior numbers.
-
-In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders, ample
-justice has generally been done to the gallant exertions of the
-Corps employed; but the details of their services and of acts of
-individual bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the
-various Regiments.
-
-These Records are now preparing for publication, under his
-Majesty's special authority, by Mr. RICHARD CANNON, Principal Clerk
-of the Adjutant General's Office; and while the perusal of them
-cannot fail to be useful and interesting to military men of every
-rank, it is considered that they will also afford entertainment and
-information to the general reader, particularly to those who may
-have served in the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.
-
-There exists in the breasts of most of those who have served, or
-are serving, in the Army, an _Esprit de Corps_--an attachment
-to everything belonging to their Regiment; to such persons a
-narrative of the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove
-interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of the great, the
-valiant, the loyal, have always been of paramount interest with
-a brave and civilized people. Great Britain has produced a race
-of heroes who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood "firm
-as the rocks of their native shore:" and when half the world has
-been arrayed against them, they have fought the battles of their
-Country with unshaken fortitude. It is presumed that a record of
-achievements in war,--victories so complete and surprising, gained
-by our countrymen, our brothers, our fellow citizens in arms,--a
-record which revives the memory of the brave, and brings their
-gallant deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to the
-public.
-
-Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other distinguished
-Officers will be introduced in the Records of their respective
-Regiments, and the Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to
-time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying the value
-and importance of its services, will be faithfully set forth.
-
-As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record of each Regiment
-will be printed in a distinct number, so that when the whole shall
-be completed, the Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.
-
-
-
-
-INTRODUCTION
-
-TO
-
-THE INFANTRY.
-
-
-The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been celebrated for
-innate courage and unshaken firmness, and the national superiority
-of the British troops over those of other countries has been
-evinced in the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains
-so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery, that no doubts can
-be raised upon the facts which are recorded. It must therefore be
-admitted, that the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is
-INTREPIDITY. This quality was evinced by the inhabitants of England
-when their country was invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army,
-on which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into the sea to
-attack the Roman soldiers as they descended from their ships; and,
-although their discipline and arms were inferior to those of their
-adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing intimidated
-the flower of the Roman troops, including Cæsar's favourite tenth
-legion. Their arms consisted of spears, short swords, and other
-weapons of rude construction. They had chariots, to the axles of
-which were fastened sharp pieces of iron resembling scythe-blades,
-and infantry in long chariots resembling waggons, who alighted
-and fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit or retreat,
-sprang into the chariot and drove off with the speed of cavalry.
-These inventions were, however, unavailing against Cæsar's
-legions: in the course of time a military system, with discipline
-and subordination, was introduced, and British courage, being
-thus regulated, was exerted to the greatest advantage; a full
-development of the national character followed, and it shone forth
-in all its native brilliancy.
-
-The military force of the Anglo Saxons consisted principally of
-infantry: Thanes, and other men of property, however, fought on
-horseback. The infantry were of two classes, heavy and light. The
-former carried large shields armed with spikes, long broad swords
-and spears; and the latter were armed with swords or spears only.
-They had also men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and
-javelins.
-
-The feudal troops established by William the Conqueror consisted
-(as already stated in the Introduction to the Cavalry) almost
-entirely of horse; but when the warlike barons and knights, with
-their trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion
-of men appeared on foot, and, although these were of inferior
-degree, they proved stout-hearted Britons of stanch fidelity. When
-stipendiary troops were employed, infantry always constituted a
-considerable portion of the military force; and this _arme_ has
-since acquired, in every quarter of the globe, a celebrity never
-exceeded by the armies of any nation at any period.
-
-The weapons carried by the infantry, during the several reigns
-succeeding the Conquest, were bows and arrows, half-pikes, lances,
-halberds, various kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour
-was worn on the head and body, and in course of time the practice
-became general for military men to be so completely cased in steel,
-that it was almost impossible to slay them.
-
-The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the destructive
-purposes of war, in the early part of the fourteenth
-century, produced a change in the arms and equipment of the
-infantry-soldier. Bows and arrows gave place to various kinds of
-fire-arms, but British archers continued formidable adversaries;
-and owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect bore of
-the fire-arms when first introduced, a body of men, well trained
-in the use of the bow from their youth, was considered a valuable
-acquisition to every army, even as late as the sixteenth century.
-
-During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth each company
-of infantry usually consisted of men armed five different ways; in
-every hundred men forty were "_men-at-arms_," and sixty "_shot_;"
-the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe men, and
-thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were twenty archers, twenty
-musketeers, and twenty harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides
-his principal weapon, a sword and dagger.
-
-Companies of infantry varied at this period in numbers from 150
-to 300 men; each company had a colour or ensign, and the mode of
-formation recommended by an English military writer (Sir John
-Smithe) in 1590 was:--the colour in the centre of the company
-guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen in equal proportions, on
-each flank of the halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank
-of the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers,
-and the harquebusiers (whose arms were much lighter than the
-muskets then in use) in equal proportions on each flank of the
-company for skirmishing.[1] It was customary to unite a number
-of companies into one body, called a REGIMENT, which frequently
-amounted to three thousand men: but each company continued to carry
-a colour. Numerous improvements were eventually introduced in the
-construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found impossible to
-make armour proof against the muskets then in use (which carried
-a very heavy ball) without its being too weighty for the soldier,
-armour was gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth
-century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse, and the infantry
-were reduced to two classes, viz.: _musketeers_, armed with
-matchlock muskets, swords, and daggers; and _pikemen_, armed with
-pikes from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.
-
-In the early part of the seventeenth century Gustavus Adolphus,
-King of Sweden, reduced the strength of regiments to 1000 men. He
-caused the gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in flasks,
-or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing a charge, to be
-made up into cartridges, and carried in pouches; and he formed
-each regiment into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division
-of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming four regiments
-into a brigade; and the number of colours was afterwards reduced to
-three in each regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that his
-infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated Polish horsemen
-and Austrian cuirassiers; and his armies became the admiration of
-other nations. His mode of formation was copied by the English,
-French, and other European states; but so great was the prejudice
-in favour of ancient customs, that all his improvements were not
-adopted until near a century afterwards.
-
-In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service, styled
-the Admiral's regiment. In 1678 each company of 100 men usually
-consisted of 30 pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with light
-firelocks. In this year the King added a company of men armed with
-hand-grenades to each of the old British regiments, which was
-designated the "grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived as to
-fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets similar to those
-at present in use were adopted about twenty years afterwards.
-
-An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by order of King James
-II., to guard the artillery, and was designated the Royal Fusiliers
-(now 7th Foot). This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did
-not carry pikes.
-
-King William III. incorporated the Admiral's regiment in the second
-Foot Guards, and raised two Marine regiments for sea-service.
-During the war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting
-the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14 pikemen and 46
-musketeers; the captains carried pikes; lieutenants, partisans;
-ensigns, half-pikes; and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in
-1697 the Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again formed on
-the breaking out of the war in 1702.[2]
-
-During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were laid aside, and every
-infantry soldier was armed with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the
-grenadiers ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades;
-and the regiments were directed to lay aside their third colour:
-the corps of Royal Artillery was first added to the Army in this
-reign.
-
-About the year 1745, the men of the battalion companies of infantry
-ceased to carry swords; during the reign of George II. light
-companies were added to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of
-General Officers recommended that the grenadiers should lay aside
-their swords, as that weapon had never been used during the seven
-years' war. Since that period the arms of the infantry soldier have
-been limited to the musket and bayonet.
-
-The arms and equipment of the British troops have seldom differed
-materially, since the Conquest, from those of other European
-states; and in some respects the arming has, at certain periods,
-been allowed to be inferior to that of the nations with whom they
-have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage, the bravery and
-superiority of the British infantry have been evinced on very many
-and most trying occasions, and splendid victories have been gained
-over very superior numbers.
-
-Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like champions who have
-dared to confront a host of foes, and have proved themselves
-valiant with any arms. At _Crecy_ King Edward III., at the head of
-about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August, 1346, Philip
-King of France, whose army is said to have amounted to 100,000
-men; here British valour encountered veterans of renown:--the
-King of Bohemia, the King of Majorca, and many princes and nobles
-were slain, and the French army was routed and cut to pieces. Ten
-years afterwards, Edward Prince of Wales, who was designated the
-Black Prince, defeated, at _Poictiers_, with 14,000 men, a French
-army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry, and took John I., King of
-France, and his son Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October,
-1415, King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000 men, although
-greatly exhausted by marches, privations, and sickness, defeated,
-at _Agincourt_, the Constable of France, at the head of the flower
-of the French nobility and an army said to amount to 60,000 men,
-and gained a complete victory.
-
-During the seventy years' war between the United Provinces of the
-Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy, which commenced in 1578 and
-terminated in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the
-States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable spirit and
-firmness;[3] and in the thirty years' war between the Protestant
-Princes and the Emperor of Germany, the British troops in the
-service of Sweden and other states were celebrated for deeds of
-heroism.[4] In the wars of Queen Anne, the fame of the British
-army under the great MARLBOROUGH was spread throughout the world;
-and if we glance at the achievements performed within the memory
-of persons now living, there is abundant proof that the Britons
-of the present age are not inferior to their ancestors in the
-qualities which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds of
-the brave men, of whom there are many now surviving, who fought in
-Egypt in 1801, under the brave Abercromby, and compelled the French
-army, which had been vainly styled _Invincible_, to evacuate that
-country; also the services of the gallant Troops during the arduous
-campaigns in the Peninsula, under the immortal WELLINGTON; and
-the determined stand made by the British Army at Waterloo, where
-Napoleon Bonaparte, who had long been the inveterate enemy of Great
-Britain, and had sought and planned her destruction by every means
-he could devise, was compelled to leave his vanquished legions to
-their fate, and to place himself at the disposal of the British
-Government. These achievements, with others of recent dates in the
-distant climes of India, prove that the same valour and constancy
-which glowed in the breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers,
-Agincourt, Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the Britons
-of the nineteenth century.
-
-The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust and muscular
-frame,--intrepidity which no danger can appal,--unconquerable
-spirit and resolution,--patience in fatigue and privation, and
-cheerful obedience to his superiors. These qualities, united with
-an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate and give
-a skilful direction to the energies and adventurous spirit of
-the hero, and a wise selection of officers of superior talent to
-command, whose presence inspires confidence,--have been the leading
-causes of the splendid victories gained by the British arms.[5]
-The fame of the deeds of the past and present generations in the
-various battle-fields where the robust sons of Albion have fought
-and conquered, surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory;
-these achievements will live in the page of history to the end of
-time.
-
-The records of the several regiments will be found to contain a
-detail of facts of an interesting character, connected with the
-hardships, sufferings, and gallant exploits of British soldiers in
-the various parts of the world, where the calls of their Country
-and the commands of their Sovereign have required them to proceed
-in the execution of their duty, whether in active continental
-operations, or in maintaining colonial territories in distant and
-unfavourable climes.
-
-The superiority of the British infantry has been pre-eminently set
-forth in the wars of six centuries, and admitted by the greatest
-commanders which Europe has produced. The formations and movements
-of this _arme_, as at present practised, while they are adapted
-to every species of warfare, and to all probable situations
-and circumstances of service, are calculated to show forth the
-brilliancy of military tactics calculated upon mathematical and
-scientific principles. Although the movements and evolutions have
-been copied from the continental armies, yet various improvements
-have from time to time been introduced, to insure that simplicity
-and celerity by which the superiority of the national military
-character is maintained. The rank and influence which Great Britain
-has attained among the nations of the world, have in a great
-measure been purchased by the valour of the Army, and to persons
-who have the welfare of their country at heart, the records of the
-several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.
-
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[1] A company of 200 men would appear thus:--
-
- __|
- | |
- |__|
- |
- 20 20 20 30 2|0 30 20 20 20
- Harquebuses. Muskets. Halberds. Muskets. Harquebuses.
- Archers. Pikes. Pikes. Archers.
-
-The musket carried a ball which weighed 1/10th of a pound; and the
-harquebus a ball which weighed 1/25th of a pound.
-
-[2] The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps
-in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign
-of Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under
-Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and
-in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at
-the siege of Barcelona in 1705.
-
-[3] The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed
-in 1590, observes:--"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation
-would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the
-field, let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the
-Spanish infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe.
-For instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during
-the Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third
-Foot, or Buffs.
-
-[4] Vide the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of
-Foot.
-
-[5] "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes
-the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in
-Egypt to that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but
-His Majesty desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed
-on the consideration of every part of the army, that it has been a
-strict observance of order, discipline, and military system, which
-has given the full energy to the native valour of the troops, and
-has enabled them proudly to assert the superiority of the national
-military character, in situations uncommonly arduous, and under
-circumstances of peculiar difficulty."--_General Orders in 1801._
-
-In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope
-(afterwards Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the
-successful result of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January,
-1809, it is stated:--"On no occasion has the undaunted valour of
-British troops ever been more manifest. At the termination of a
-severe and harassing march, rendered necessary by the superiority
-which the enemy had acquired, and which had materially impaired
-the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages were to be
-encountered. These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the
-troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught, that whatever
-advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there is
-inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows
-not how to yield,--that no circumstances can appal,--and that will
-ensure victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any
-human means."
-
-
-[Illustration: SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS
-
-_Madeley del et lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_]
-
-
-
-
-HISTORICAL RECORD
-
-OF
-
-THE SIXTEENTH,
-
-OR THE
-
-BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-[Sidenote: 1688]
-
-In the autumn of 1688, when the pernicious counsellors of King
-James II. had induced His Majesty to adopt measures which indicated
-a design to overthrow the constitution and established religion
-of the country, and many patriotic noblemen and gentlemen had
-solicited the Prince of Orange to come to England with an army, to
-preserve the liberties and religion of the people, the King then
-became sensible of the dangerous position into which he had been
-brought, and resolved to augment his army: and among the corps
-embodied on that occasion was a regiment of pikemen and musketeers,
-which has been retained in the service to the present time, and now
-bears the title of "The SIXTEENTH, or the BEDFORDSHIRE Regiment of
-Foot."
-
-This corps was raised in the southern counties of England, and the
-colonelcy was conferred on Lieut.-Colonel Archibald Douglas, from
-the royal regiment of foot, by commission dated the 9th of October,
-1688. Captain Robert Hodges, from the grenadier company of the
-royal regiment, was appointed Lieut.-Colonel, and Murdock M'Kenzie
-was nominated Major. The establishment was fixed at nine hundred
-and twenty-seven officers and soldiers, including a grenadier
-company, which was afterwards ordered to be added to the regiment.
-The uniform was round hats, ornamented with _white_ ribands; _red_
-coats, lined and faced with _white_; white waistcoats and breeches.
-
-Five days after the warrants for the formation of the regiment were
-issued, a number of men had enrolled themselves under the standards
-of this corps,--principally from the county of Middlesex; and they
-were ordered to march to Reading in Berkshire, where the several
-enlisting parties were directed to assemble, and the formation of
-the corps was completed.
-
-Early in November, when the armament under the Prince of Orange
-had passed Dover, the regiment was ordered to march to London, and
-occupy quarters in the borough of Southwark; it was afterwards
-directed to join the army: but the pernicious advice of the King's
-counsellors proved fatal to his interests; his soldiers refused
-to fight against the Prince of Orange; and some irregular orders
-were issued which appeared to leave the officers and men at liberty
-to quit their colours, when a number of corps were disbanded.
-The Prince of Orange issued orders for the several corps to be
-re-organised, and appointed quarters for every regiment;--the
-SIXTEENTH were directed to occupy quarters at Stony Stratford, in
-Buckinghamshire. King James afterwards fled to France.
-
-Colonel Douglas adhered to the interest of King James, and the
-Prince of Orange promoted Lieut.-Colonel Hodges to the colonelcy of
-the regiment, by commission dated the 31st of December, 1688.
-
-[Sidenote: 1689]
-
-In the early part of 1689 the Prince and Princess of Orange were
-elevated to the throne by the titles of King William the Third and
-Queen Mary; and soon afterwards the SIXTEENTH regiment received
-orders to proceed to Holland, to aid the Dutch in their war with
-France. It embarked for the United Provinces in April, and served
-the campaign of that year under Prince Waldeck; in August it was in
-position in the province of Namur.
-
-Early on the morning of the 25th of August, the musketeers of the
-regiment, with the piquets of several other corps, commanded by
-Colonel Hodges of the SIXTEENTH, advanced to cover the numerous
-foraging parties sent to the villages and fields in front of the
-army, and Colonel Hodges posted his men at, and in front of, the
-village of Forgé. About nine o'clock the French army under Marshal
-d'Humières was seen advancing to attack the confederate forces,
-when three guns were fired to call in the foragers, and Colonel
-Hodges prepared to resist the leading corps of the enemy to give
-time for the several parties to withdraw. The Dutch and Danish
-horse in front were speedily driven in; but the musketeers of the
-SIXTEENTH and other corps under Colonel Hodges lined the hedges,
-and held a force of very superior numbers in check nearly two
-hours, when, the foraging parties having all returned to camp,
-Colonel Hodges withdrew to a mill, and, posting his men behind
-walls and out-buildings, he held the French army in check nearly an
-hour, the shots of his marksmen smiting the leading companies of
-the enemy with sure aim. At length he received orders to retire,
-and withdrew fighting, until he came to the village of _Walcourt_,
-where a regiment of Lunenburgers was posted. The French attempted
-to carry the village by storm; but were repulsed, and were
-eventually forced to retreat, with severe loss. Colonel Hodges'
-party had Lieut.-Colonel Graham, Captain Davison, and thirty men,
-killed.
-
-In October the regiment marched to Bruges, where it was stationed
-during the winter.
-
-[Sidenote: 1690]
-
-The regiment marched for Brussels in June, 1690, in order to join
-the Dutch forces; but Prince Waldeck engaged the French at Fleurus,
-without waiting for the arrival of the British troops, and his army
-was nearly annihilated; which reduced the confederate forces to the
-necessity of limiting their services to defensive operations during
-the remainder of the campaign.
-
-[Sidenote: 1691]
-
-Leaving its winter quarters in March, 1691, the regiment joined the
-army in South Brabant, and was formed in brigade with the Scots
-foot guards, a battalion of the royals, and the Scots regiments
-of Ramsay, Angus, and Mackay; but the confederate army was not
-sufficiently numerous to prevent the French capturing Mons. During
-the summer the regiment took part in various manœuvres; but no
-general engagement occurred.
-
-[Sidenote: 1692]
-
-In the spring of 1692, when the French besieged Namur, the
-SIXTEENTH were called from their winter quarters, and joined the
-army under the command of King William III., who advanced to
-relieve the besieged fortress, but was delayed by heavy rains, and
-the garrison surrendered before the end of June.
-
-After several movements King William resolved to attack the French
-army, under Marshal Luxemburg, at its camp at _Steenkirk_, on the
-3rd of August. The leading corps penetrated along difficult roads,
-and attacked the French army with great gallantry; but the main
-body of the confederate troops was too far in the rear to afford
-timely support, and the King ordered a retreat. The SIXTEENTH were
-brought into action on this occasion, and exposed to the enemy's
-fire, when Colonel Hodges was killed at the head of the regiment by
-a cannon-ball: his death was much regretted, he being a gallant and
-intelligent officer, much esteemed and beloved by the soldiers.
-
-King William conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on the
-Honorable James Stanley, afterwards Earl of Derby, from Captain and
-Lieut.-Colonel in the first foot guards.
-
-Towards the end of August the regiment was detached, with other
-troops, under Lieut.-General Talmash, who moved towards Bruges:
-at the same time Furnes and Dixmude were taken possession of and
-fortified.
-
-[Sidenote: 1693]
-
-The regiment served the campaign of 1693 in the brigade commanded
-by Brigadier-General Erle. It took part in several movements, and
-was in position when the confederate army was attacked at _Landen_,
-on the 29th of July, by the French, under Marshal Luxemburg. The
-enemy had a great superiority of numbers on this occasion, and the
-confederate army was forced to retreat. It was stated in the London
-Gazette, "the enemy had above eighty thousand effective men; we
-were not more than forty-five thousand. * * * Our troops in general
-behaved themselves extremely well, but the English did particularly
-distinguish themselves." The regiment had Captain Cole and Ensign
-Johnston killed, and Ensign Campion taken prisoner; it also lost
-upwards of fifty men, killed, wounded, and taken prisoners.
-
-At the end of the campaign the regiment was placed in garrison at
-Dendermond.
-
-[Sidenote: 1694]
-
-Quitting its winter quarters in May, 1694, the regiment joined the
-army, and served the campaign of this year in the brigade commanded
-by Brigadier-General Collier: it afterwards returned to Dendermond.
-
-[Sidenote: 1695]
-
-In 1695 King William undertook the siege of _Namur_, and the
-SIXTEENTH had the honor to take part in the capture of this
-important fortress. They joined the besieging army, and were on
-duty in the trenches on the 7th of July; and they were repeatedly
-engaged in storming the outworks and exterior defences. On the 17th
-of July Ensign Gardiner of the regiment was killed, and Ensign
-Devreux wounded, at the attack on the counterscarp; and on the 2nd
-of August, Captain Holiday of the grenadier company was wounded at
-the extending of the lodgment on the covered way. On the following
-day, when preparations were making for another assault, the
-garrison hoisted a white flag and agreed to surrender the town.
-
-The SIXTEENTH were selected to take part in the siege of the castle
-of Namur, and were encamped at Maison Blanche; but, having lost
-many men, they were relieved on the 11th of August, and joined the
-covering army under the Prince of Vaudemont. They were encamped a
-short time between Genappe and Waterloo; afterwards near Namur;
-and the grenadier company took part in the attack on the castle,
-which capitulated on the 2nd of September. The regiment afterwards
-returned to Dendermond.
-
-[Sidenote: 1696]
-
-[Sidenote: 1697]
-
-Leaving its winter quarters in the spring of 1696, the regiment
-joined the army of Brabant under King William, and served
-the campaign of that year in Brigadier-General Fitzpatrick's
-brigade. It served the campaign of 1697 in the brigade under
-Brigadier-General Ingoldsby; and in the autumn the British monarch
-witnessed his efforts to preserve the reformed religion, and the
-balance of power in Europe, attended with success. The treaty of
-Ryswick gave peace to the nations of Europe; and the SIXTEENTH
-regiment embarked for Ireland, where it was stationed until the
-summer of 1701, reposing on the reputation which it had acquired on
-the continent, where it had served seven campaigns.
-
-[Sidenote: 1701]
-
-In the meantime the French monarch had violated the liberties
-of Europe, by procuring the accession of his grandson, the Duke
-of Anjou, to the throne of Spain,--by seizing on the Spanish
-Netherlands and detaining the Dutch garrisons in the barrier towns:
-and the SIXTEENTH were called from their quarters in Ireland to
-reinforce the Dutch army. The regiment embarked from Carrickfergus
-on the 7th of June, and sailed to the island of Voorn, where it
-was removed on board of Dutch vessels, and proceeded up the Maese
-to the fortress of Huesden, where it remained two months, then
-proceeded to Breda, and was reviewed on Breda heath by King William
-on the 21st of September, afterwards returning to Huesden.
-
-[Sidenote: 1702]
-
-In March, 1702, the regiment traversed the country to Rosendael,
-where the British corps were assembled under Brigadier-General
-Ingoldsby, and received information of the death of King William,
-and the accession of Queen Anne, on the 8th of March. The regiment
-afterwards marched across the country to the duchy of Cleves, and
-encamped at Cranenburg, forming part of the covering army during
-the siege of _Kayserswerth_ by the Germans. On the night of the
-10th of June the covering army made a forced march to _Nimeguen_ to
-avoid the loss of communication with that fortress, in consequence
-of the movements of the enemy. On the following morning the
-British corps in the rear-guard distinguished themselves in a sharp
-skirmish with the leading columns of the French army.
-
-Queen Anne declared war against France; additional troops were
-sent to Holland, and the Earl of Marlborough assumed the command
-of the allied army. The SIXTEENTH shared in the operations by
-which the French army was forced to retire from the frontiers of
-Holland; and they formed part of the covering army during the
-sieges of _Venloo_, _Ruremonde_, and _Stevenswaert_; took part in
-delivering the city of _Liege_ from the power of the enemy; and
-their grenadier company distinguished itself in the capture of the
-citadel by storm on the 23rd of October. The regiment afterwards
-marched back to Holland for winter quarters.
-
-[Sidenote: 1703]
-
-Towards the end of April, 1703, the regiment commenced its march
-towards Maestricht, and was in position near that city when the
-French army approached in order of battle, but did not venture to
-hazard a general engagement. The regiment shared in the operations
-by which the French were afterwards forced to make a precipitate
-retreat and take post behind their fortified lines. The services
-of the regiment were also connected with the siege and capture of
-the fortress of _Huy_, on the Maese river, above the city of Liege;
-and with the siege of the city of _Limburg_, situate on a pleasant
-eminence among woods near the banks of the Wesdet, which place
-surrendered on the 28th of September. After these conquests the
-SIXTEENTH returned to Holland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1704]
-
-During the winter six hundred men of the regiment joined the
-garrison of Maestricht, while the Dutch soldiers were working at
-the entrenchments on the heights of Petersberg: in May, 1704, the
-remainder of the regiment marched towards the Rhine, and was
-joined at Bedburg by the detachment from Maestricht.
-
-The Duke of Marlborough led his army from Holland to the heart of
-Germany, and, there encountering the legions of France and Bavaria,
-he gained two important victories on the banks of the Danube,
-and exalted the reputation of the British arms. The SIXTEENTH
-had the honor to share in this splendid enterprise, and to take
-a distinguished part in gaining the victory at _Schellenberg_
-on the 2nd of July, when the regiment had Major Mordaunt,
-Ensign Charleston, one serjeant, and nineteen soldiers killed;
-Lieut.-Colonel Hamilton, Captain Coghlan, Ensign Key, one serjeant,
-and thirty-four rank and file wounded.
-
-After this victory the regiment crossed the Danube and marched to
-the vicinity of the enemy's fortified camp at Augsburg, which was
-found too strong to be attacked, and the army retired a few stages,
-the Germans commencing the siege of Ingoldstadt. The enemy, being
-reinforced from France, took up a position in the valley of the
-Danube, near the village of _Blenheim_, which was occupied by a
-considerable body of troops; and on the memorable 13th of August
-a general engagement took place, in which the English general was
-once more victorious; the French and Bavarian army sustaining a
-decisive overthrow, with the loss of its artillery and baggage, and
-many entire regiments being made prisoners; the French commander,
-Marshal Tallard, being among the captives. The SIXTEENTH regiment
-was one of the corps which sustained the brunt of the battle on
-this occasion, and acquired great honor. The loss of the regiment
-was very great: Captain Coghlan, Lieutenant Brown, Ensigns Sabine
-and Hesketh, were among the killed; and Lieut.-Colonel Hamilton,
-Captains Hesketh, Fleming, Lee, and Horne, Lieutenants Vicariage,
-Jackson, Ayloffe, and Reddish, Ensigns Mackrich, Hook, and Gordon,
-wounded.
-
-From the banks of the Danube the regiment traversed the country to
-Philipsburg, where it crossed the Rhine, and formed part of the
-covering army encamped at Croon-Weissemberg, during the siege of
-_Landau_ by the Germans. In the autumn the regiment embarked in
-boats on the Rhine, and sailed to Holland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1705]
-
-The losses of the preceding campaigns were replaced in the spring
-of 1705 by recruits from England, and, when the regiment took the
-field to serve the campaign of 1705, its appearance and efficiency
-were admired. It was employed in the expedition up the Moselle,
-and, passing the Moselle and the Saar rivers on the 3rd of June,
-advanced towards Syrk; but the designs of the British commander
-were frustrated by the tardy movements of the Germans, and he
-marched back to the Netherlands.
-
-In May of this year the Earl of Derby retired from the service, and
-was succeeded in the colonelcy by Lieut.-Colonel Francis Godfrey,
-from the foot-guards.
-
-A stupendous barrier of fortified lines, forts, and batteries
-opposed the progress of the British commander; but by skilful
-movements these works were passed at the slenderly-guarded posts of
-_Helixem_ and _Neer-Hespen_ on the 18th of July. On this occasion
-the SIXTEENTH formed part of Brigadier-General Fergusson's brigade
-in the main body of the army, and did not sustain any loss. It
-shared in the subsequent operations of the campaign, and passed the
-winter in garrison in Holland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1706]
-
-The SIXTEENTH had the honor to take part in the battle of
-_Ramilies_, on the 23rd of May, 1706, when the French, Spanish,
-and Bavarian forces, commanded by Marshal Villeroy and the Elector
-of Bavaria, were forced from their formidable position with severe
-loss, and pursued many miles.
-
-Important results followed this triumph over the forces of Louis
-XIV.; the states of Brabant and magistrates of Brussels renounced
-their allegiance to the Duke of Anjou; the principal towns of
-Brabant and several fortified places in Flanders were immediately
-delivered up, and others surrendered after short sieges. Thus
-provinces disputed for ages, and towns which had resisted powerful
-armies for months and years, were conquered in one campaign. After
-taking part in these splendid achievements, the SIXTEENTH marched
-into quarters at Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1707]
-
-The regiment was in the field during the campaign of 1707; but the
-French avoided an engagement, and nothing of importance occurred.
-
-[Sidenote: 1708]
-
-In the spring of 1708 the King of France fitted out a fleet,
-and prepared a land force for the invasion of Great Britain in
-favour of the Pretender, and the SIXTEENTH were ordered to return
-to England to repel the invaders: they arrived at Tynemouth on
-the 21st of March; but the French fleet having been chased from
-the British coast by the English navy, the regiment returned to
-Flanders.
-
-After remaining a few weeks at Ghent, the regiment joined the army
-in the field, and took part in achieving another victory over
-the armies of Louis XIV., in the fields near _Oudenarde_, on the
-11th of July. The SIXTEENTH formed part of a division of twenty
-battalions commanded by the Duke of Argyle, which traversed the
-Scheldt by the pontoon bridge between Oudenarde and the abbey of
-Eename, ascended the heights of Bevere, and, inclining to the
-right, engaged the enemy in the open grounds beyond the rivulet;
-when a fierce conflict of musketry ensued, and the French were
-driven from field to field, with great slaughter, until the
-darkness of the night rendered it impossible to distinguish friends
-from foes, when the troops were directed to cease firing. The wreck
-of the French army made a precipitate retreat.
-
-The siege of the important fortress of _Lisle_ was afterwards
-undertaken, and the SIXTEENTH were selected to take part in this
-gigantic enterprise, which excited universal attention throughout
-Europe; the strength of the place,--the garrison consisting of
-fifteen thousand men under the celebrated Marshal Boufflers,
-and being provided with everything necessary for a protracted
-defence,--gave an interesting character to this undertaking.
-
-When the besieging army appeared before Lisle, the French
-out-guards retired, and _Serjeant Littler_ of the SIXTEENTH
-regiment swam across the river with a hatchet, and cut the
-fastenings which held up a drawbridge to enable a party to pass
-the stream, for which act of gallantry he was rewarded with a
-commission in the third foot, or the Buffs.
-
-The SIXTEENTH regiment took its turn of duty in the trenches and
-shared in the attacks during the siege of Lisle, evincing, on all
-occasions, the same heroic gallantry for which it had previously
-been distinguished. It had one serjeant and eleven rank and file
-killed, and four serjeants and fifty rank and file wounded, at
-the storming of the counterscarp; and sustained severe loss on
-several other occasions. Numerous difficulties had to be overcome
-in carrying on this siege; but the skill, valour, and perseverance
-of the officers and soldiers of the allied army, overcame every
-obstacle, and on the 9th of December the citadel surrendered.
-
-[Sidenote: 1709]
-
-After reposing a few weeks in quarters, and receiving a draft of
-recruits from England, the regiment advanced up the country, and
-was encamped with the army on the Upper Dyle; it was subsequently
-employed in covering the siege of _Tournay_, and after the
-surrender of the town, on the 29th of July, 1708, the SIXTEENTH
-were selected to take part in the siege of the citadel. This
-proved a difficult service, in consequence of the extensive
-subterraneous works by which the fortress was surrounded. The
-approaches were carried on underground, and the working parties
-frequently penetrated the subterraneous labyrinths of the castle,
-and, encountering detachments of the enemy, fought underground
-with sword, pistol, and bayonet. Several parties were destroyed
-by the mines; but the works were persevered in, and the garrison
-surrendered in the beginning of September.
-
-After the capture of Tournay the army marched towards Mons; but
-finding a numerous French force, under Marshals Villars and
-Boufflers, in position at _Malplaquet_, the enemy was attacked in
-his fortified post on the morning of the 11th of September, and the
-SIXTEENTH had the honor to contribute to the gaining of another
-victory over the armies of France. On this occasion, the regiment
-was formed in brigade with the Buffs and the regiments of Temple
-and Evans (afterwards disbanded), and was engaged in the attack of
-the woods in which the enemy's left wing was posted, and in its
-advance it encountered entrenchments and breastworks bristling with
-bayonets, and emitting a storm of musket-shot and cannon-balls,
-which thinned the British ranks. The leading corps were repulsed;
-but, fresh troops arriving, a general attack was made with so much
-resolution that the French were driven from their entrenchments
-into the wood, where a sharp fire of musketry was kept up, and the
-SIXTEENTH were engaged among the trees. Finally the French were
-overpowered at every part of the field, and forced to retreat.
-
-The regiment had about fifty men killed and wounded; and Captain
-Ayloffe, Lieutenants Macrath, Whiting, and Lawder wounded. It was
-afterwards employed in covering the siege of _Mons_, and passed the
-winter in quarters at Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1710]
-
-Having received another draft of recruits, the regiment marched
-in April, 1710, to the vicinity of Tournay, where the army was
-directed to assemble; its services were connected with the forcing
-of the enemy's fortified lines at _Pont-à-Vendin_; it also
-formed part of the covering army during the siege of _Douay_,
-which fortress surrendered on the 27th of June. The regiment was
-afterwards employed in covering the siege of _Bethune_, and this
-fortress was captured before the end of August. The French army
-avoiding a general engagement, the fortresses of _Aire_ and _St.
-Venant_ were besieged at the same time, and after the capture of
-these towns, the regiment returned to Ghent.
-
-[Sidenote: 1711]
-
-Brigadier-General Godfrey withdrew from the service, and was
-succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment by Brigadier-General
-Henry Durell, from the foot guards, by commission dated the 17th of
-February, 1711.
-
-In the campaign of this year the regiment shared in the operations
-by which the boasted impregnable lines, prepared by the French to
-arrest the progress of the allied armies, were passed at _Arleux_,
-on the 5th of August, and it was subsequently engaged in the siege
-of the strong fortress of _Bouchain_,--services which called forth
-all the powers of the active mind of the Duke of Marlborough, who
-proved himself superior to the French generals in all the qualities
-which constitute a great commander. Bouchain having been captured,
-the regiment was placed in garrison for the winter.
-
-[Sidenote: 1712]
-
-Once more taking the field in April, 1712, the regiment joined
-the army near Tournay, from whence it marched to the vicinity of
-Bouchain, and was encamped at Cateau-Cambresis during the siege of
-_Quesnoy_ by the Germans; it brought six hundred and eighty-one
-rank and file into the field. The garrison of _Quesnoy_ surrendered
-on the 4th of July; and soon afterwards a suspension of arms was
-proclaimed preparatory to a treaty of peace, and the British troops
-withdrew to the vicinity of Ghent, from whence the SIXTEENTH were
-detached to Dunkirk, which city the French monarch delivered into
-the hands of the British, as a pledge of his sincerity in the
-negotiations for peace.
-
-[Sidenote: 1713]
-
-On the 1st of December, 1712, Brigadier-General Durell died,
-and Queen Anne conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on
-Brigadier-General Hans Hamilton, from the thirty-fourth regiment,
-by commission dated the 23rd of June, 1713.
-
-[Sidenote: 1714]
-
-The regiment was stationed at Dunkirk until April, 1714, when
-it embarked for Scotland, and, landing at Leith, relieved the
-twenty-fifth regiment, which was ordered to embark for Ireland. The
-SIXTEENTH were stationed at Stirling in September, 1714, with the
-Inniskilling dragoons, when the arrival in London of King George I.
-from Hanover, was celebrated with public rejoicings.
-
-[Sidenote: 1715]
-
-In the summer of 1715 the colonelcy of the regiment was conferred
-on the Lieut.-Colonel, Richard Viscount Irving, in succession to
-Brigadier-General Hamilton.
-
-[Sidenote: 1716]
-
-A rebellion in favour of the Pretender broke out in Scotland in
-the autumn of this year, and the Earl of Mar headed the insurgent
-clans; but the SIXTEENTH did not take the field: the protection
-of Fort William was entrusted to their charge; and they were
-in garrison at this place in the early part of 1716, when the
-rebellion was suppressed by the troops under the Duke of Argyle.
-
-[Sidenote: 1717]
-
-[Sidenote: 1724]
-
-In December, 1717, Viscount Irving was removed to the second horse,
-now first dragoon guards, and was succeeded by Lieut.-Colonel John
-Cholmeley; and this officer dying in April, 1724, King George I.
-conferred the colonelcy on Henry Earl of Deloraine (son of James
-Duke of Monmouth), from the Scots troop of horse-grenadier-guards.
-
-[Sidenote: 1725]
-
-[Sidenote: 1727]
-
-The regiment was employed on home service in Great Britain during
-the whole of the reign of King George I.; it was one of the corps
-selected to proceed to Holland in 1727, to assist the Dutch in
-their war with the Imperialists; but no embarkation took place.
-
-[Sidenote: 1730]
-
-On the 9th of July, 1730, the Earl of Deloraine was removed to
-the seventh horse, now sixth dragoon-guards, and the colonelcy of
-the regiment was conferred by King George II. on Colonel Roger
-Handasyd, from the twenty-second regiment.
-
-[Sidenote: 1737]
-
-In 1737 the British merchants complained of the depredations
-committed on their vessels by the Spaniards in South America. A
-Convention was entered into between the two Crowns, which was,
-however, violated by the Spaniards in many instances.
-
-[Sidenote: 1739]
-
-On the 23rd of October, 1739, a declaration of war against Spain
-was proclaimed, when the establishment of the regiment was
-augmented.
-
-[Sidenote: 1740]
-
-In the summer of 1740 the regiment pitched its tents near Newbury,
-where an encampment was formed of two regiments of horse, three
-of dragoons, and four of infantry, under Lieut.-General Wade. The
-SIXTEENTH left the camp and embarked on board the fleet, where
-they served as Marines a short time, and afterwards landed at
-Portsmouth. In the autumn they furnished a detachment to accompany
-the expedition to the West Indies, under General Lord Cathcart, who
-died on the passage.
-
-[Sidenote: 1741]
-
-The expedition arrived at Jamaica in January, 1741, and the
-detachment of the SIXTEENTH was employed in the attempt on
-_Carthagena_, the capital of an extensive and wealthy province
-in the country of Terra Firma, in South America. The violent
-periodical rains occurred before the conquest was achieved, and
-the armament proved of insufficient strength to capture the place;
-the country became deluged with water, the health of the soldiers
-was seriously impaired, and the enterprise was abandoned. The
-detachment of the SIXTEENTH was nearly annihilated by disease.
-
-[Sidenote: 1742]
-
-In this year the war of the Austrian succession commenced; and in
-1742 a British army proceeded to Flanders to support the interests
-of the Archduchess, Maria Theresa; but the SIXTEENTH were employed
-on home service.
-
-[Sidenote: 1745]
-
-Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, arrived in Scotland
-in the summer of 1745, and being joined by a number of the
-Highland clans, he made a desperate effort to overthrow the
-existing government, and to procure the accession of his father
-to the throne. At first some partial successes were gained by the
-insurgents; but the British nation evinced firmness and decision
-in supporting the rights of their sovereign, and in preserving
-the constitutional privileges of the people. The services of the
-regiment were, at this period, limited to the south of England,
-where a body of troops was held in readiness to repel a menaced
-invasion by the French.
-
-[Sidenote: 1746]
-
-In January, 1746, the royal troops, under Lieut.-General Hawley,
-were defeated by the Clans, on Falkirk moor, and additional forces
-were ordered to proceed to Scotland. In March the SIXTEENTH
-regiment embarked from Gravesend, with several other corps, for
-Edinburgh, and arrived at Leith as the guns of Edinburgh castle
-were firing for the decisive victory gained over the clans at
-Culloden. The regiment waited a few days on board the transports,
-until the return of an express from the army, when it received
-orders to sail northwards, and landed at the royal burgh of Nairn
-on the 1st of May. It was subsequently stationed at Elgin, &c.
-
-[Sidenote: 1747]
-
-The regiment remained in Scotland, and in the summer of 1747 it
-was encamped in a valley environed by lofty mountains, near Fort
-Augustus.
-
-[Sidenote: 1748]
-
-[Sidenote: 1749]
-
-The war on the Continent terminated in 1748; and in the
-following year the regiment was reduced in numbers to the peace
-establishment, and sent to Ireland, where it was stationed nearly
-twenty years.
-
-[Sidenote: 1751]
-
-On the 1st of July, 1751, King George II. issued a warrant for
-establishing uniformity in the clothing, standards, and colours
-of the several regiments of the regular army; and in this warrant
-the uniform of the SIXTEENTH, or Lieut.-General Roger Handasyd's
-regiment, was directed to be red, faced with _yellow_.[6] The
-first, or the King's colour, to be the great Union: the second,
-or regimental colour, to be of yellow silk, with the Union in
-the upper canton; in the centre of the colours, the rank of the
-regiment, in gold Roman characters, within a wreath of roses and
-thistles on the same stalk.
-
-At this period the soldiers of the regiment wore three-cornered
-cocked hats, bound with white lace, and ornamented with a white
-loop and a black cockade; red waistcoats; red breeches; white
-gaiters reaching above the knee, and fastened below the knee with a
-black garter; and white cravats; they also wore buff cross-belts.
-
-[Sidenote: 1755]
-
-[Sidenote: 1756]
-
-[Sidenote: 1757]
-
-[Sidenote: 1758]
-
-[Sidenote: 1760]
-
-The undetermined extent of the British territory in North America
-gave rise to hostilities with France in 1755, and the establishment
-of the army was considerably augmented in that and the two
-following years. Several expeditions were also fitted out; but the
-SIXTEENTH regiment was detained on home service in Ireland. In 1760
-a plan was formed for attacking the French island of Belleisle, and
-the SIXTEENTH, mustering seven hundred men, under Lieut.-Colonel
-Gabbet, embarked on board of the fleet; but the enterprise was
-laid aside in consequence of the death of King George II., and the
-regiment returned to Ireland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1762]
-
-On the termination of the war in 1762, the regiment was again
-reduced to the peace establishment.
-
-[Sidenote: 1763]
-
-General Roger Handasyd died in January, 1763, and in June King
-George III. conferred the colonelcy of the regiment on the
-Honorable Robert Brudenell, third son of George Earl of Cardigan,
-from captain and lieut.-colonel in the third foot guards.
-
-[Sidenote: 1765]
-
-In 1765 Colonel Brudenell was removed to the Fourth regiment of
-foot, and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH, by
-Colonel William Draper, who had commanded one of the regiments
-raised in 1757, and numbered the Seventy-ninth regiment, which was
-disbanded in 1763.
-
-[Sidenote: 1766]
-
-Colonel Draper was honoured with the dignity of a Knight of the
-Bath, and in 1766 he exchanged to the colonelcy of one of the corps
-disbanded in 1763 (the 121st regiment) with Colonel James Gisborne,
-who was performing the duty of Quartermaster-General in Ireland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1767]
-
-The regiment embarked from Ireland in 1767, for North America, and
-was stationed in the pleasant and fertile territory of Florida,
-which had been ceded to Great Britain, by the Spaniards, in 1763,
-in exchange for the Havannah.
-
-[Sidenote: 1768]
-
-The head-quarters were established at Pensacola,--a town of West
-Florida, situate at the head of a delightful bay, or basin, in the
-Gulf of Mexico; and the regiment furnished various detachments to
-occupy military stations in East and West Florida.
-
-[Sidenote: 1775]
-
-[Sidenote: 1776]
-
-[Sidenote: 1777]
-
-In these pleasant and healthy quarters the regiment was stationed
-when a number of the British colonies in North America revolted,
-and declared themselves a free and independent people, under the
-title of the United States. This occurred in 1775, and in the
-following year the SIXTEENTH were withdrawn from Florida, to join
-the army at New York, under Lieut.-General Sir William Howe; but
-the necessity of having a small force in the ceded Spanish province
-was evident, and the SIXTEENTH having, during their residence of
-eight years in East and West Florida, acquired the confidence of
-the inhabitants and a knowledge of the country, and of the habits
-and language of the people, the regiment received orders to return
-to Pensacola, and other stations in East and West Florida, and on
-the confines of Georgia.
-
-[Sidenote: 1778]
-
-Lieut.-General Gisborne died on the 20th of February, 1778, and
-King George III. conferred the colonelcy on Major-General James
-Robertson, from Colonel Commandant of the second battalion of the
-Sixtieth, who had previously performed the duties of Lieut.-Colonel
-of the SIXTEENTH regiment, many years, with reputation.
-
-[Sidenote: 1778]
-
-[Sidenote: 1779]
-
-Had the British revolted provinces been left unaided by European
-states, they would, doubtless, have been reduced to submission;
-but in 1778 the French monarch sent a numerous fleet and an army
-to their assistance; and in 1779 the court of Spain commenced
-hostilities against Great Britain, and this example was followed by
-the Dutch.
-
-Don Bernard de Galvez, governor of the Spanish province of
-Louisiana, assembled a numerous force, and suddenly invaded
-the British territories on the banks of the Mississippi; and
-Lieut.-Colonel Dickson, of the SIXTEENTH, who commanded the
-troops in that district, being unable to oppose the invading
-army, withdrew to _Baton Rouge_, where he caused a redoubt to be
-constructed, which was scarcely completed when the Spanish army
-advanced in force against this post, which was invested on the
-12th of September. On the 21st the enemy opened a battery of heavy
-cannon against the works, which were so much damaged in a few
-hours, that Colonel Dickson was obliged to surrender. The garrison,
-consisting of a detachment of the SIXTEENTH, Sixtieth, and of the
-Waldeck regiments, was sent prisoners of war to New Orleans, and
-afterwards exchanged.
-
-The French armament, under the Comte d'Estaing, approached the
-city and port of _Savannah_ in Chatham county, in the state of
-Georgia, early in September, and a detachment of the SIXTEENTH
-regiment, commanded by Major Graham, formed part of the force under
-Major-General Prevost, which defended that place. The French troops
-landed, and were joined by an American force under General Lincoln;
-but they encountered a resistance which proved the determined
-valour of the garrison. A detachment from the SIXTEENTH was engaged
-in a sally on the 24th of September, under Major Graham of the
-regiment, and this service was performed with judgment and bravery.
-"Major Graham artfully drew the enemy into a snare, by which the
-French and Americans fired on each other, and had fifty men killed
-before the mistake was discovered."[7] Before daylight on the 9th
-of October, the French and Americans made a desperate effort to
-capture the place by storm; but were repulsed at every point with
-severe loss. They afterwards raised the siege and retired.
-
-[Sidenote: 1781]
-
-In 1781 the Spaniards sent a numerous sea and land force against
-Florida, under Don Bernard de Galvez, and the invading army
-commenced operations by an attack upon the works defending
-_Pensacola_, where a detachment of the SIXTEENTH regiment was
-stationed. From the strength of the Spanish force, mustering nine
-thousand men, and a numerous fleet, at the same time the British
-garrison only amounted to twelve hundred men, the reduction of the
-place appeared inevitable; yet a gallant defence was made, and the
-soldiers displayed that innate bravery and resolution for which
-British troops have always been distinguished. On the morning of
-the 8th of May a shell burst near the door of the magazine of the
-advanced redoubt, set fire to the powder, and the redoubt and its
-garrison were destroyed by the explosion, excepting a few men,
-who were forced to retire, after spiking the guns. The Spaniards
-carried the redoubt, and threatened to storm the remaining works;
-but were intimidated by the determined bearing of the garrison. The
-British commander, Major-General John Campbell, afterwards agreed
-to surrender, on condition that the garrison should march out
-with the honours of war, and be sent to a part belonging to Great
-Britain, but not serve against the Spaniards, or their allies,
-until exchanged. The SIXTEENTH had Lieutenant Edward Carroll and
-seven soldiers killed; Captain Anthony Foster and five soldiers
-wounded. Pensacola was a flourishing place while under the British;
-but it declined after it was taken by the Spaniards.
-
-[Sidenote: 1782]
-
-The regiment having sustained severe loss from various services
-in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina, where detachments had
-been employed, it was ordered to return to Europe, and arrived in
-England in March, 1782.
-
-In August the regiment received directions to assume the title
-of the SIXTEENTH, OR THE BUCKINGHAM Regiment, and to cultivate a
-connection with the respectable inhabitants of that county, which
-might be useful towards recruiting the regiment.
-
-[Sidenote: 1783]
-
-The American War terminated in 1782; and the regiment was placed
-upon a peace establishment in 1783.
-
-[Sidenote: 1784]
-
-In 1784 it embarked for Ireland, where it was stationed several
-years under the orders of Lieut.-Colonel James Henry Craig, an
-officer of great zeal and ability.
-
-[Sidenote: 1788]
-
-Lieut.-General Robertson, died on the 4th of March, 1788, and was
-succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General the Honorable Thomas
-Bruce, from the late 100th regiment, which was reduced after the
-termination of the American War.
-
-[Sidenote: 1790]
-
-[Sidenote: 1791]
-
-On the 18th of August, 1790, the regiment embarked from Ireland for
-Nova Scotia, and in 1791 it was removed to the island of Jamaica,
-where it remained five years.
-
-[Sidenote: 1793]
-
-[Sidenote: 1794]
-
-A revolution broke out in France, and the republican principles
-which filled that kingdom with anarchy, confusion, and bloodshed,
-soon extended to the French West India Settlements, where the
-blacks and mulattoes rose in arms against the European planters,
-and filled the islands with rapine and devastation. Many of the
-respectable inhabitants of the French island of _St. Domingo_
-solicited the protection of the British government against the fury
-of the blacks, and a detachment of British troops proceeded to
-their aid, from Jamaica, in 1793. The SIXTEENTH regiment furnished
-a portion of this detachment, but the climate of St. Domingo proved
-injurious to the health of the British troops, and the whole of
-the party of the SIXTEENTH died of a pestilential fever, excepting
-Lieutenant Vernon and one serjeant, who rejoined the regiment at
-Jamaica.
-
-[Sidenote: 1795]
-
-The island of Jamaica was taken from the Spaniards, by an English
-armament in 1655 (during the commonwealth under Cromwell),
-when the slaves belonging to the Spanish planters fled to the
-mountains, where they lived in savage independence, and were
-called "Maroons." They procured arms, became expert marksmen, and
-frequently committed outrages against the British inhabitants. In
-1738 a treaty was concluded with them, and they received a grant
-of land; but the pernicious doctrines of the French republicans
-were circulated among the Maroons, who were joined by a number of
-runaway slaves, and commenced hostilities against the English in
-1795. The SIXTEENTH served in the _Maroon war_, when the soldiers
-encountered many difficulties, and at first sustained some
-reverses, from the difficult nature of the mountainous districts
-into which they had to penetrate, and from the expert character of
-the Maroon warriors in bush-fighting among rocks and dells covered
-with trees and underwood. A detachment of the SIXTEENTH was first
-called into action; and in October the regiment, commanded by Major
-John Skinner, who held the local rank of Colonel, was called into
-the field. This officer had served many years in the regiment; he
-had distinguished himself in the American war, while serving with
-Tarleton's Legion, with which corps he was present at numerous
-engagements, and on joining the field force in the Maroon war, his
-presence inspired the troops with confidence. Offensive operations
-were conducted with prudence and skill, and by a strict combination
-in the movements of the troops employed, united with valour and
-discipline, the Maroons were driven from their mountain-fastnesses,
-and chased from post to post, until they were forced to submit. In
-performing this service, the soldiers underwent great fatigue and
-privation, and they conquered the Maroons in a part of the island
-where no European had ever before thought of penetrating. Captain
-Drummond, of the SIXTEENTH, distinguished himself in this war.
-
-[Sidenote: 1796]
-
-The Maroons tendered their submission in March, 1796, and they were
-afterwards removed from the island.
-
-[Sidenote: 1797]
-
-Having become considerably reduced in numbers, the regiment
-returned to England, towards the close of this year, and was
-stationed a short time at Greenwich, from whence it embarked for
-Scotland, early in 1797; at the same time it was ordered to recruit
-with boys.
-
-Lieut.-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce having died, he was
-succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General Henry Bowyer, from the
-Eighty-ninth regiment, by commission dated the 15th of December,
-1797.
-
-[Sidenote: 1798]
-
-The regiment was quartered in Fifeshire, under the orders of
-Major John Skinner, and afterwards proceeded to Fort George;
-Lieut.-Colonel Hugh Wallace assuming the command. The boys were
-transferred to the Thirty-fourth and Sixty-fifth regiments, under
-orders for India, and the SIXTEENTH were completed by volunteers
-from the English militia, principally limited service men.
-
-[Sidenote: 1799]
-
-In 1799 the regiment embarked from Scotland for London, from whence
-it proceeded to Margate, to join the expedition to Holland, under
-His Royal Highness the Duke of York; but the order to proceed on
-this service was countermanded, and the regiment was stationed a
-few months at Horsham in Sussex.
-
-[Sidenote: 1800]
-
-[Sidenote: 1801]
-
-Embarking from Portsmouth in 1800, the regiment sailed to Cork, and
-was stationed in the south of Ireland; where Lieut.-Colonel St.
-John Fancourt joined and assumed the command in 1801.
-
-[Sidenote: 1802]
-
-At the conclusion of the peace of Amiens in 1802, the limited
-service men were discharged; and the regiment was completed from
-disbanded fencible and militia corps.
-
-[Sidenote: 1803]
-
-War was resumed in 1803; and Lieut.-Colonel Fancourt having been
-removed to the Thirty-fourth regiment, the command of the SIXTEENTH
-devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Skinner.
-
-[Sidenote: 1804]
-
-On the 7th of January, 1804, the regiment embarked from Monkstown,
-for the West Indies, and arrived at Barbadoes on the 26th of March.
-It was immediately ordered to hold itself in readiness to proceed
-with the expedition under Major-General Sir Charles Green and
-Commodore Samuel Hood, against the Dutch colony of _Surinam_, in
-Guiana, in South America. This colony was ceded to the Dutch, by
-King Charles II., in exchange for New York, in North America; it
-was captured by the British in 1799, and restored at the peace of
-Amiens in 1802.
-
-On the 7th of April, 1804, the expedition sailed from Barbadoes,
-and a landing was effected on the 26th of that month; the SIXTEENTH
-were actively employed in operations, until the surrender of the
-colony on the 4th of May.
-
-[Sidenote: 1806]
-
-While the regiment was at Surinam, the post occupied by a
-detachment of the light company and a few men of the fourth
-West India regiment, commanded by Lieutenant Richard Greene, of
-the SIXTEENTH, at _Armena_, was attacked by a large force of
-predatory negroes and banditti, and defended with great gallantry,
-the greater part of the garrison being killed in the successful
-resistance made to the assailants. The inhabitants of the colony
-afterwards presented Lieutenant Greene with a valuable sword, in
-token of their sense of his conduct.
-
-[Sidenote: 1807]
-
-In 1807 Lieut.-Colonel Skinner was succeeded in the duties of
-commanding officer by Major Brabazon Dean Vernon.[8]
-
-[Sidenote: 1808]
-
-On the decease of General Bowyer, in 1808, King George III.
-conferred the colonelcy on Major-General Sir Charles Green, Bart.,
-from the York light infantry volunteers.
-
-[Sidenote: 1809]
-
-In May, 1809, His Majesty was graciously pleased to approve of the
-regiment being styled the SIXTEENTH, or the BEDFORDSHIRE, instead
-of the _Buckinghamshire_, Regiment: this exchange of County titles
-took place with the Fourteenth Regiment of Foot.
-
-[Sidenote: 1810]
-
-Lieut.-Colonel Henry Tolley assumed the command of the regiment, in
-June, 1810.
-
-[Sidenote: 1811]
-
-[Sidenote: 1812]
-
-During its stay at Surinam and Barbadoes, the regiment lost
-twenty-seven officers and upwards of five hundred men by disease.
-The survivors returned to England by detachments in 1810, 1811,
-and 1812, and landed at Falmouth and Portsmouth. One ship, the
-"Islam," having on board the remainder of the grenadiers and of one
-battalion company, was wrecked on the Tuscan Rock off the coast
-of Ireland. By the exertions of some workmen, who were making
-preparations to erect a lighthouse on the rock, all were saved
-excepting one man, one woman, and some children; all the arms,
-appointments, and baggage were lost. On the following day the party
-was taken off the rock by a brig, and conveyed to Beaumaris in
-Wales.
-
-[Sidenote: 1813]
-
-After occupying quarters at various stations, and receiving many
-volunteers from the English and Irish militia, the regiment marched
-to Sunderland in July; and in March, 1813, embarked from thence for
-Perth: in July of this year it proceeded to Ireland.
-
-[Sidenote: 1814]
-
-Sir Charles Green, Baronet, was removed to the Thirty-seventh
-regiment in February, 1814, when His Royal Highness the Prince
-Regent, conferred the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH on Lieut.-General
-Sir George Prevost, from the Seventy-sixth regiment.
-
-During this period the war was continued in Europe, and British
-troops were acquiring laurels under the Duke of Wellington: at
-the same time the measures pursued to counteract the decrees made
-by Napoleon, Emperor of the French, for the destruction of the
-commerce of Great Britain, brought on a war between the British
-Crown and the United States of North America; and in the spring of
-this year the SIXTEENTH embarked from Monkstown to join the British
-troops in Canada. The regiment was commanded by Colonel Tolley,
-and arriving at Quebec on the 29th of May, was stationed a short
-period at that fortress; it was afterwards removed to Chambly, from
-whence it proceeded to Montreal. The British troops having failed
-in the attack of the American post at Plattsburg, the SIXTEENTH
-were relieved from duty at Montreal, sent to the upper province,
-and stationed at Fort Wellington.
-
-[Sidenote: 1815]
-
-A treaty of peace having been concluded with the Americans, the
-regiment was ordered to return to Europe; it sailed from Quebec in
-July, and arrived at Portsmouth in August. The return of Buonaparte
-to France,--his reassumption of the imperial dignity,--his
-overthrow at Waterloo, and surrender to a British man-of-war, had
-occurred while the regiment was in Canada, and on the passage to
-Europe; on its arrival at Portsmouth, it was ordered to proceed
-to the Continent, to join the army commanded by the Duke of
-Wellington. The regiment landed at Ostend, and marching to Paris,
-encamped at St. Denis.
-
-On the conclusion of the definitive treaties of peace, the regiment
-marched to Calais, where it embarked for England, and landing at
-Dover, remained there fourteen days.
-
-[Sidenote: 1816]
-
-Lieut.-General Sir George Prevost, Baronet, having died, the
-Prince Regent nominated Major-General Hugh Mackay Gordon to the
-colonelcy of the regiment, from the York Chasseurs, by commission
-dated the 8th of January, 1816.
-
-From Dover the regiment embarked for Ireland; it landed at
-Monkstown on the 3rd of February, and was stationed successively at
-Fermoy, Limerick, and Cashel.
-
-[Sidenote: 1817]
-
-[Sidenote: 1818]
-
-In 1817 the regiment was removed to Kilkenny; and in 1818 to
-Athlone.
-
-[Sidenote: 1819]
-
-[Sidenote: 1820]
-
-On the 25th of August, 1819, the regiment embarked from Cork, under
-the command of Colonel Tolley, for colonial service, and touching
-at the Cape of Good Hope, the flank companies landed, and remained
-at Cape Town a month. The battalion companies continued their
-voyage to Ceylon, and landed at Colombo on the 20th of February,
-1820, under Major William Vandeleur. The flank companies, under
-Colonel Tolley, arrived in March.
-
-[Sidenote: 1821]
-
-[Sidenote: 1822]
-
-The regiment remained seventeen months at Colombo, where it
-was joined by one hundred and twenty-eight volunteers from the
-Seventy-third; in August, 1821, it marched, under Major Vandeleur,
-for Kandy, where Colonel Tolley resumed the command, and on his
-proceeding on leave of absence, in October, 1822, the command
-devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Lionel Hook.
-
-[Sidenote: 1823]
-
-Lieut.-General Gordon died in the spring of 1823, and was succeeded
-in the colonelcy by Lieut.-General William Carr, Viscount
-Beresford, G.C.B., and G.C.H.
-
-[Sidenote: 1824]
-
-In March, 1824, the regiment returned to Colombo, where it lost
-several officers and a number of men by a malignant fever.
-
-[Sidenote: 1825]
-
-[Sidenote: 1826]
-
-Colonel Tolley was promoted to the rank of Major-General; Brevet
-Lieut.-Colonel Hook was nominated to a Lieut.-Colonelcy in the
-Ceylon rifle corps; and Colonel David Ximenes was appointed
-Lieut.-Colonel of the SIXTEENTH; this officer arrived at Colombo in
-March, 1826, and assumed the command of the regiment, which marched
-from Colombo, in July following, for Point de Galle.
-
-[Sidenote: 1827]
-
-On the 2nd of July, 1827, Lieutenants Alexander, Mylius, and Hyde,
-Ensigns Cassidi and Hannagan, three serjeants, and one hundred and
-eight rank and file, joined from the depôt in England.
-
-[Sidenote: 1828]
-
-[Sidenote: 1829]
-
-The regiment, having been appointed to proceed to Bengal, was
-relieved from duty at the island of Ceylon, by the Sixty-first,
-in November, 1828, and embarking from thence in four divisions,
-arrived at Calcutta in January, 1829, when Colonel Ximenes was
-appointed to command the garrison of Fort William, and Major John
-W. Adain assumed the command of the regiment; which received one
-hundred and fourteen volunteers from the Fifty-ninth, and forty-six
-from the Thirtieth and Forty-seventh regiments. In April Major
-Adain obtained leave to proceed to England, and the command of the
-regiment devolved on Major Adam Gordon Campbell, until the arrival
-of Lieut.-Colonel Lionel Smith Hook, in November: this officer was
-appointed to the regiment in February of this year.
-
-[Sidenote: 1830]
-
-The SIXTEENTH remained on duty at Calcutta, where, in October and
-November, 1830, they received sixty-four volunteers from other
-corps.
-
-[Sidenote: 1831]
-
-In January, 1831, Colonel Hook was nominated to the command of the
-garrison of Fort William, and Major Campbell resumed the command;
-but on the regiment quitting Calcutta, in March following, to
-proceed in steam-boats to Chinsurah, Colonel Hook again assumed the
-command. At this period twenty volunteers joined from the Royal
-regiment.
-
-[Sidenote: 1832]
-
-[Sidenote: 1833]
-
-[Sidenote: 1834]
-
-The SIXTEENTH regiment remained at Chinsurah until December, 1833,
-when it commenced its march for Ghazepore: while on the march its
-destination was altered for Cawnpore; and on the 7th of February,
-1834, it had the misfortune to lose its commanding officer, Colonel
-Hook, who died at the camp at Secrole, Benares, when the command
-again devolved on Major Campbell: on the 28th of February the
-regiment arrived at Cawnpore.
-
-[Sidenote: 1835]
-
-[Sidenote: 1836]
-
-In March, 1835, Captain H. M^cManus, Ensigns Henry A. O'Molony
-and Edward Brabazon, two serjeants and forty-three rank and file,
-joined from England. Another detachment joined in May; and in
-March, 1836, one hundred and six volunteers were received from the
-Thirty-eighth regiment,--also eighty-four recruits from England,
-under Captain R. Brown, Ensigns Hook and Lawson, and Surgeon
-Steele. They were followed by Ensigns G. M. Ross and H. C. M.
-Ximenes, in September.
-
-[Sidenote: 1837]
-
-[Sidenote: 1838]
-
-In March, 1837, Lieutenant Gibbs, and thirty-two recruits joined;
-and in May, twenty-two volunteers from the Twentieth regiment.
-Thirty-nine volunteers also joined from the Forty-fifth, in April,
-1838.
-
-[Sidenote: 1839]
-
-[Sidenote: 1840]
-
-On the 24th of December, 1839, the regiment received orders to
-proceed by water to Calcutta; but in January, 1840, it received
-orders to disembark at Dinapore, and relieve the Forty-ninth
-regiment, under orders to proceed with the expedition to China.
-The SIXTEENTH remained at Dinapore until October, when they were
-relieved by a wing of the Twenty-first fusiliers, and embarked for
-the Presidency, where they arrived on the 4th of November.
-
-[Sidenote: 1841]
-
-Orders having been issued for the regiment to return to England, it
-transferred a number of volunteers to other corps, and embarked,
-in three divisions, in December, 1840, and January, 1841, under
-Lieut.-Colonel Campbell, Major H. Clements, and Brevet-Major
-Dalzell; and landing at Gravesend in April following, marched from
-thence to Canterbury, from whence four companies were afterwards
-detached to Dover.
-
-In August the regiment was supplied with new _Percussion Arms_. In
-December it marched to London, and proceeded from thence by railway
-to Winchester.
-
-[Sidenote: 1842]
-
-Leaving Winchester in April, 1842, the regiment proceeded by
-railway to Gosport, and in August it was removed to Portsmouth.
-
-On the 22nd of September NEW COLOURS were presented to the
-regiment, on Southsea Common, by the Honorable LADY PAKENHAM;
-the Rev. RICHARD BINGHAM conducted the ceremony of consecration;
-and the regiment was afterwards addressed by Major-General the
-Honorable SIR HERCULES R. PAKENHAM, K.C.B., commanding the
-South-west District, who detailed, in a very impressive manner, the
-ancient achievements of the corps. A large assemblage of nobility
-and gentry were present at the ceremony, and were afterwards
-entertained by the officers at a déjeuné and ball.
-
-[Sidenote: 1843]
-
-The regiment proceeded from Portsmouth to Manchester, in May, 1843,
-and from thence to Ireland in July. During the remainder of the
-year it was stationed at Newbridge and Birr.
-
-[Sidenote: 1844]
-
-From Birr the regiment marched, in February, 1844, to Naas, and in
-March removed to Dublin, where it remained until December, when the
-regiment proceeded to Cork.
-
-[Sidenote: 1845]
-
-In June, 1845, the SIXTEENTH regiment marched to Buttevant, and in
-October to Cork, for the purpose of proceeding on foreign service.
-
-[Sidenote: 1846]
-
-The service companies of the regiment, under the command of
-Lieut.-Colonel Henry M^cManus, embarked at Cork for Gibraltar,
-on the 17th and 19th January, 1846, in the freight ships Cressy
-and Earl Grey, and arrived at Gibraltar on the 11th February. The
-depôt companies marched from Buttevant to Birr, in April, 1846, and
-proceeded in November to Fermoy.
-
-[Sidenote: 1847]
-
-On the 9th of March, 1847, the regiment, under the command
-of Lieut.-Colonel M^cManus, embarked in Her Majesty's ship
-Belleisle for Corfu, where it arrived on the 27th March; and on
-its embarkation for the Ionian Islands, a favourable report was
-received by the Adjutant-General from the Governor of Gibraltar,
-General Sir Robert Wilson, who stated, that the corps was "_very
-efficient and soldier-like_," and that it was "_distinguished by
-very commendable conduct throughout its service in the garrison_."
-
-The depôt companies marched from Fermoy to Youghal in September,
-1847.
-
-[Sidenote: 1848]
-
-Lieut.-Colonel M^cManus retired on half-pay on the 10th March,
-1848, and Major Robert Luxmoore was promoted to the rank of
-Lieut.-Colonel; Captain Charles Grey succeeded to the Majority.
-
-In April, 1848, the depôt companies proceeded to Cork, and embarked
-for Guernsey on the 4th May, where they are now stationed.
-
-On the 1st June, 1848, the date to which the Record has been
-continued, the service companies were stationed at Corfu, under the
-command of Lieut.-Colonel Robert Luxmoore.
-
-
-1848
-
-
-[Illustration: SIXTEENTH REGIMENT.
-
-QUEEN'S COLOUR.]
-
-[Illustration: REGIMENTAL COLOUR.
-
-FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS
-
-_Madeley lith 3 Wellington S^t Strand_]
-
-
-
-
-SUCCESSION OF COLONELS
-
-OF
-
-THE SIXTEENTH,
-
-OR
-
-THE BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-
-ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS,
-
-_Appointed 9th October, 1688_.
-
-ARCHIBALD DOUGLAS was many years an officer in the First, or the
-Royal regiment of foot, with which corps he served in France and
-Germany, when that veteran Scots regiment was in the service of
-Louis XIV.; but it was withdrawn from the army of the French
-monarch in 1678, from which period it has been on the British
-establishment. He was captain of one of the companies of the Royal
-regiment sent to the relief of Tangier, in Africa, when that
-fortress was besieged by the Moors in 1680, and he was wounded
-in the general engagement on the 27th of September, 1680, when
-the Moorish army was overthrown. He was subsequently promoted to
-the lieutenant-colonelcy of his regiment; and he commanded the
-companies of his corps at the battle of Sedgemoor, on the 6th of
-July, 1685, where he distinguished himself. King James II. placed
-great confidence in the loyalty of Colonel Douglas, and when His
-Majesty's power was menaced by the armament under the Prince of
-Orange, the King nominated this distinguished Scots officer to
-raise a regiment, now the SIXTEENTH foot, of which he was appointed
-colonel. At the Revolution in 1688, he withdrew from the service,
-and was not afterwards employed under the British crown. In
-consequence of a mark on his countenance, he was sometimes called
-_Spot_.
-
-
-ROBERT HODGES,
-
-_Appointed 31st December, 1688_.
-
-This Officer served with the army of Louis XIV. in Germany, as
-ensign and lieutenant in the Royal regiment of foot, and in
-1678, when a grenadier company was added to the regiment, it
-was placed under his orders, and he was promoted to the rank of
-captain. The Scots grenadiers under his orders were selected to
-proceed to the relief of Tangier, and in an account of an action
-on the 20th of September, 1680, with the Moorish lancers, it is
-recorded--"The grenadiers, under Captain Hodges, behaved themselves
-very bravely." He also distinguished himself in a skirmish on
-the 22nd of September; and in the general attack on the Moorish
-lines, on the 27th of that month, he led the assault at the head of
-his grenadiers, and evinced great gallantry. He was subsequently
-promoted to the majority of the Royal regiment, and in December,
-1688, the Prince of Orange conferred on him the colonelcy of the
-corps which is now the SIXTEENTH regiment. He served the campaign
-of 1689, in the Netherlands, under Prince Waldeck, and evinced
-great courage and ability in command of a detachment of infantry
-placed in front of the confederate army at Walcourt, when attacked
-by the French, under Marshal d'Humières, on the 25th of August. He
-served the campaigns of 1691 and 1692, under King William III., and
-was killed by a cannon-ball at the battle of Steenkirk, on the 3rd
-of August, 1692.
-
-
-THE HONORABLE JAMES STANLEY,
-
-_Appointed 1st August, 1692_.
-
-THE HONORABLE JAMES STANLEY, third son of Charles eighth Earl
-of Derby, was an adherent of the principles of the Revolution
-of 1688, and a member of the Convention of Parliament which
-conferred the crown on the Prince and Princess of Orange. He
-procured a commission in the first foot guards, in which corps
-he obtained the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel; he served
-several campaigns in Flanders under King William III., and on 1st
-August, 1692, His Majesty, in his camp at Lambeque, promoted him,
-from lieutenant-colonel of the foot guards, to the command of
-the SIXTEENTH regiment of foot, in succession to Colonel Hodges,
-who was killed at the battle of Steenkirk. He was also one of the
-grooms of the bed-chamber to King William III. On the decease of
-his brother, in 1702, he succeeded to the dignity of Earl of Derby.
-On the 10th June, 1702, he was constituted Lord-Lieutenant of North
-Wales and of the County of Lancaster; and in the following year he
-had a patent to be Vice-Admiral of the said County during Queen
-Anne's reign. The Earl of Derby resigned his military appointments
-in 1705, and on 10th June, 1706, was sworn at Windsor, by her
-Majesty's command, one of the Privy Council, and at the same time
-Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. At her Majesty's coronation,
-on 23rd April, 1702, he carried one of the Three Swords of State,
-as he did also at the coronation of King George I., on the 20th
-October, 1714. At the change of the administration in 1710, he was
-removed from his posts, and from that of Lord-Lieutenant of the
-County of Lancaster, but was again constituted Lord-Lieutenant
-of that County on the 5th August, 1714. On 23rd September, 1715,
-he was appointed Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard. He died at
-Knowsley, on Sunday, 1st February, 1736.
-
-
-FRANCIS GODFREY,
-
-_Appointed 25th May, 1705_.
-
-This officer was nephew to the great Duke of Marlborough;[9] he
-held a commission in the foot guards, in the time of King William
-III., and was promoted to captain and lieut.-colonel, and he served
-several campaigns in the Netherlands under his uncle. In 1705 he
-was promoted to the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH regiment, and in
-1710 he was advanced to the rank of brigadier-general; in 1711 he
-disposed of the colonelcy of the regiment. He died on the 6th of
-October, 1712.
-
-
-HENRY DURELL,
-
-_Appointed 17th February, 1711_.
-
-This officer held a commission in the foot guards, in which corps
-he rose to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel. He served at
-several battles and sieges in the Netherlands and in Germany, under
-the great Duke of Marlborough, and was promoted to the rank of
-brigadier-general in 1710: in 1711 he obtained the colonelcy of the
-SIXTEENTH regiment. He commanded a brigade in Flanders, in 1712,
-and was appointed Deputy Governor of Dunkirk, when that fortress
-was delivered up to the British troops. He died on the 1st of
-December, 1712.
-
-
-HANS HAMILTON,
-
-_Appointed 23rd June, 1713_.
-
-HANS HAMILTON was many years an officer of the SIXTEENTH regiment,
-of which corps he was appointed lieut.-colonel, and he served three
-campaigns under the great Duke of Marlborough. His meritorious
-conduct on all occasions was rewarded, in 1705, with the colonelcy
-of the Thirty-fourth regiment, which corps he accompanied to Spain,
-and served as quartermaster-general under the Earl of Peterborough
-at the capture of Barcelona, &c. He was promoted to the rank of
-brigadier-general in 1710, and commanded a brigade in Flanders at
-the forcing of the French lines at Arleux, and at the siege of
-Bouchain in 1711. In 1713 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment,
-but he withdrew from the service in 1715, selling his commission.
-He died in 1721.
-
-
-RICHARD VISCOUNT IRWIN,
-
-_Appointed 11th July, 1715_.
-
-RICHARD INGRAM, Baron Ingram, and VISCOUNT IRWIN, commenced his
-military service in the life guards, in which corps he rose to
-the rank of lieutenant and lieut.-colonel, and was afterwards
-lieut.-colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment, of which corps he was
-appointed colonel in 1715; at the same time he was nominated
-Governor of Hull. In 1717 he was removed to the second horse, now
-first dragoon guards, and three years afterwards he was nominated
-Governor of Barbadoes; but previous to his embarkation he was taken
-ill of the small-pox, of which he died on the 10th of April, 1721.
-
-
-JAMES CHOLMELEY,
-
-_Appointed 13th December, 1717_.
-
-JAMES CHOLMELEY was many years an officer of reputation in the
-SIXTEENTH regiment, to the lieut.-colonelcy of which corps he was
-promoted by King George I., in consideration of his service in
-Flanders under the Duke of Marlborough, and his excellent conduct
-on all occasions. In 1717 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the
-regiment. He died in 1724.
-
-
-HENRY, EARL OF DELORAINE, K.B.,
-
-_Appointed 7th April, 1724_.
-
-LORD HENRY SCOTT, third son of James Duke of Monmouth and Anne
-Duchess of Buccleuch, obtained a commission in the army in the
-reign of William III.; he served with reputation in the reign
-of Queen Anne, obtained the command of one of the newly-raised
-regiments of foot in 1704; and on the 29th of March, 1706, he was
-created Baron Scott of Goldielands, Viscount Hermitage, and EARL
-OF DELORAINE. He supported the treaty of union between England and
-Scotland and other measures of the court; in 1715 he was chosen
-one of the sixteen representatives of the Scottish peerage; and
-was re-chosen in 1722, and again in 1727. His regiment having
-been disbanded at the peace of Utrecht, he was appointed, on the
-1st of June, 1715, colonel of the second, or Scots troop of horse
-grenadier guards, which he held two years. In 1724 he obtained the
-colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH foot; he was invested with the order
-of the Bath on its revival in 1725; and promoted to the rank of
-major-general in 1726. He was removed to the seventh horse, now
-sixth dragoon guards, or carabineers, in July, 1730. He died on the
-25th of December following.
-
-
-ROGER HANDASYD,
-
-_Appointed 9th July, 1730_.
-
-This Officer obtained a commission in a regiment of foot in 1694,
-and served two campaigns under King William III. He also served
-with reputation in the wars of Queen Anne, and succeeded his father
-in the colonelcy of the Twenty-second regiment in 1712; in 1730 he
-was removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment. He was promoted to the rank
-of major-general in 1739, and to that of lieut.-general in 1743. He
-died in 1763.
-
-
-THE HONORABLE ROBERT BRUDENELL,
-
-_Appointed 14th June, 1763_.
-
-THE HONORABLE ROBERT BRUDENELL, third son of George Earl of
-Cardigan, was many years a member of Parliament for Marlborough,
-also groom of the bed-chamber to His Royal Highness the Duke of
-York, whose train he bore at the coronation of King George III. He
-was appointed captain and lieut.-colonel in the third foot guards,
-in 1758; promoted to the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH in 1763, and
-removed to the fourth, or King's Own regiment, in 1765. He died at
-Windsor, in October, 1768.
-
-
-SIR WILLIAM DRAPER, K.B.,
-
-_Appointed 25th June, 1765_.
-
-WILLIAM DRAPER was educated at Eton, and at King's College,
-Cambridge, for the Church: but preferring the profession of arms,
-he went to the East Indies, and was employed in the service of
-the Honorable the East India Company. He subsequently obtained a
-commission from the King, and on the 2nd of November, 1757, he
-was promoted to lieut.-colonel commandant of the seventy-ninth
-regiment, then raised, with which corps he served in India, and
-acquired the reputation of a brave and meritorious officer. He
-returned to England in 1760, and in 1761 he commanded a brigade
-at the capture of Belleisle. He again proceeded to India, and
-commanded the land forces of the expedition which captured Manilla
-in 1763. His regiment was disbanded soon afterwards; and in
-1765 King George III. conferred upon him the colonelcy of the
-SIXTEENTH regiment, from which he exchanged, in 1766, to the late
-121st regiment. In 1769 he appeared in a literary character, and
-answered some of Junius's letters; and in the autumn of the same
-year he proceeded to South Carolina. He was promoted to the rank of
-major-general in 1772; to that of lieut.-general in 1777; he was
-honoured with the dignity of a Knight of the Bath, and nominated
-Governor of Yarmouth. He died in 1787.
-
-
-JAMES GISBORNE,
-
-_Appointed 4th March, 1766_.
-
-After a progressive service in the subordinate commissions, this
-officer was appointed lieut.-colonel of the tenth regiment in
-1755, and he was afterwards employed many years on the staff of
-Ireland, as quartermaster-general in that country. In 1762 he was
-promoted to the colonelcy of the 121st regiment; and in 1766 he was
-removed to the SIXTEENTH regiment. He was promoted to the rank of
-major-general in 1770, and to that of lieut.-general in 1777. He
-died in 1778.
-
-
-JAMES ROBERTSON,
-
-_Appointed 14th May, 1778_.
-
-This Officer entered the army in the reign of King George II.;
-he served in America during the seven years' war, and held the
-appointment of deputy-Quartermaster-general, with the rank of
-lieut.-colonel, under Lieut.-General Sir Jeffrey (afterwards Lord)
-Amherst, who completed the conquest of Canada in 1760. In the
-same year Lieut.-Colonel Robertson was appointed to the fifteenth
-regiment, and in 1768 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH, which corps
-he commanded in Florida several years. On the breaking out of the
-American war, he was again called into active service in that
-country, and in January, 1776, he was appointed colonel commandant
-of the second battalion of the sixtieth regiment, and promoted to
-the local rank of major-general in America: in 1777 he obtained the
-rank of major-general, and in 1778 the colonelcy of the SIXTEENTH
-regiment. His services in the American war were rewarded with the
-appointment of Governor of New York; and in 1782 he was promoted to
-the rank of Lieut.-General. He died on the 4th of March, 1788.
-
-
-THE HONORABLE THOMAS BRUCE,
-
-_Appointed 6th March, 1788_.
-
-THE HONORABLE THOMAS BRUCE, son of William Earl of Kincardine,
-choosing the profession of arms, rose to the commission of major
-in the sixtieth regiment in 1768, and in 1770 he was promoted to
-the lieut.-colonelcy of the sixty-fifth regiment, which corps he
-commanded in North America during the early part of the American
-war. In 1781 he was appointed lieut.-colonel commandant of the
-100th regiment, with which corps he served in the East Indies,
-and obtained the local rank of major-general in that country in
-March, 1782: in November following he was promoted to the rank of
-major-general. After the termination of the war with Tippoo Saib,
-the ruler of the Mysore, the 100th regiment was disbanded, and in
-1788 Major-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce was appointed colonel
-of the SIXTEENTH regiment: in 1796 he was promoted to the rank of
-lieut.-general. He died in 1797.
-
-
-HENRY BOWYER,
-
-_Appointed 15th December, 1797_.
-
-This officer entered the army in 1771, and after serving five
-years in the sixty-eighth regiment, he was promoted captain in
-the nineteenth, and in 1778 he was removed to the sixty-sixth:
-his distinguished services during the American war were rewarded
-with the rank of lieut.-colonel in November 1782. In 1787 he was
-appointed major, and in 1787 lieut.-colonel of the sixty-sixth
-regiment. He served in the West Indies, was promoted to the rank
-of major-general in 1795, and to that of lieut.-general, 1802. In
-March, 1797, he was appointed colonel of the eighty-ninth regiment,
-and was removed, in December following, to the SIXTEENTH. He held
-the appointment of commander of the forces in the Windward and
-Leeward Islands. His decease occurred in 1808.
-
-
-SIR CHARLES GREEN, BART.,
-
-_Appointed 29th August, 1808_.
-
-CHARLES GREEN entered the army as gentleman cadet in the Royal
-Artillery in 1760; in 1765 he was appointed ensign in the
-thirty-first regiment, which corps he joined at Pensacola in 1766.
-In 1768 he was employed on a particular service at New Orleans
-and on the Mississippi river; and in 1771 he served as engineer
-at the Bahama Islands. He joined his regiment at St. Vincent in
-1772, and served against the Caribs; but returned to England in
-1773, and was promoted to a lieutenancy; and in 1774 to captain in
-the thirty-first regiment. Proceeding to America in 1776, he was
-nominated aide-de-camp to Major-General Phillips, and served the
-campaign of 1777 in that capacity. He was wounded at Freeman's Farm
-in September of that year, and returning to England in 1778, he
-was appointed aide-de-camp to Lieut.-General Sir Adolphus Oughton,
-commander-in-chief in North Britain. Having joined the thirty-first
-in Canada, in May, 1780, he was soon afterwards nominated major
-of brigade to the Montreal district. In 1783 he obtained the rank
-of major in the army, and the majority of his regiment in 1788.
-On the breaking out of the war in 1793, he was promoted to the
-lieut.-colonelcy of a battalion formed of independent companies,
-and in 1794 he exchanged to the thirtieth regiment. After serving
-two years at Corsica, he was nominated civil governor of Grenada,
-and was promoted to the rank of colonel in 1797. His eye-sight
-having been injured by the climate of Grenada, he returned to
-England in 1801: in 1803 he was appointed brigadier-general on
-the Staff of Ireland, and was afterwards removed to England; he
-was knighted in May of this year, and promoted to the rank of
-major-general in September. In 1804 he was nominated colonel of
-the York Light Infantry Volunteers; and afterwards proceeding to
-the West Indies, he assembled an armament and captured the Dutch
-Settlements of Surinam in South America. He remained at Surinam
-a year, and returned to England in 1805: in 1807 he was advanced
-to the dignity of a BARONET, and in 1808 appointed colonel of the
-SIXTEENTH regiment. He commanded the garrison of Malta some time;
-was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general in 1809; removed to
-the thirty-seventh regiment in 1814; and advanced to the rank of
-general in 1819. He died in 1831.
-
-
-SIR GEORGE PREVOST, BART.,
-
-_Appointed 17th February, 1814_.
-
-GEORGE PREVOST was appointed ensign in the sixtieth regiment in
-1779, lieutenant in the forty-seventh in 1782, and captain in
-the sixtieth in 1783; in 1784 he was removed to the twenty-fifth
-regiment, with which corps he served at Gibraltar, and in 1790
-he was promoted to a majority in the sixtieth. Early in 1794 he
-took command of the third battalion of the sixtieth at Antigua;
-he was promoted to a lieut.-colonelcy in his regiment in March,
-and in 1795 he was employed at St. Vincent's in suppressing the
-insurrection of the Caribs, and in resisting the French invasion:
-he commanded a column at the reduction of La Vigie. In October
-he was directed to assume the command of the troops at Dominica;
-but he returned to the third battalion of the sixtieth at St.
-Vincent's, in January, 1796, and was twice severely wounded in
-opposing the progress of the enemy towards the capital. Returning
-to England in consequence of his wounds, he was employed a short
-time as an inspecting field-officer; having been promoted to the
-rank of colonel on the 1st of January, 1796. He was subsequently
-nominated brigadier-general in the West Indies; he commanded
-the troops at Barbadoes, afterwards at St. Lucia, where he was
-appointed lieut.-governor; but returned to England after the
-peace of Amiens in 1802. Four months afterwards he was nominated
-Governor of Dominica; and in 1803 he served as second in command
-at the reduction of St. Lucia and Tobago: for a short time he
-commanded the troops in the Windward and Leeward Islands. In 1804
-he successfully defended Dominica against a French armament; and
-was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1805, when he returned
-to England and was appointed lieut.-governor of Portsmouth.
-He proceeded to Nova Scotia in 1808, with the local rank of
-lieut.-general; and in 1809 he distinguished himself as second in
-command at the reduction of Martinique. Returning afterwards to
-Nova Scotia, he obtained the appointment of commander in-chief
-in Canada. He was advanced to the dignity of a BARONET for his
-distinguished services in the West Indies. In 1811 he was promoted
-to the rank of lieut.-general; and he was nominated captain-general
-and governor-in-chief in North America. War having commenced with
-the United States, he defended the Canadas successfully nearly
-three years, under circumstances of peculiar difficulty. In
-February, 1814, he was appointed colonel of the SIXTEENTH regiment.
-After an unsuccessful attack on the American post at Plattsburg, he
-was recalled to England; where he died in January, 1816.
-
-
-HUGH MACKAY GORDON,
-
-_Appointed 8th January, 1816_.
-
-HUGH MACKAY GORDON entered the army during the American war, and
-was many years an officer of the SIXTEENTH regiment, with which
-corps he served in Florida, South Carolina, and Georgia, also in
-Nova Scotia and the West Indies. He was promoted captain in the
-SIXTEENTH in 1788, major in the army in 1796; lieut.-colonel in the
-army in 1798; and obtained a majority in his regiment in 1799; at
-the peace of Amiens he was placed on half-pay. He was promoted to
-the rank of major-general in 1811, and was nominated colonel of the
-York Chasseurs in 1814; in 1816 he was removed to the SIXTEENTH,
-with which regiment he had previously performed much service. In
-1821 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He died in 1823.
-
-
-WILLIAM CARR, VISCOUNT BERESFORD, G.C.B., G.C.H.,
-
-_Appointed 15th March, 1823_.
-
-
-LONDON:--Printed by W. CLOWES and SONS, Stamford Street,
-
-For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.
-
-
-FOOTNOTES:
-
-[6] The date when the facings were changed from white to yellow has
-not been ascertained.
-
-[7] Beatson's Naval and Military Memoirs.
-
-[8] Lieutenant-General John Skinner entered the army as an Ensign
-in the SIXTEENTH regiment of foot on the 4th of September, 1772,
-and rose to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel of that regiment on the
-11th of April, 1805: he was promoted to the rank of Colonel in the
-army on the 25th of April, 1808: after performing the duties of
-a regimental officer, in the various situations of service, from
-1772, to 1811, he was advanced to the rank of Major-General on the
-4th of June, 1811, and was appointed to the staff of the army in
-the West Indies, on which he continued to serve until the 24th of
-March, 1816: he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General on the
-19th of July, 1821: he died in 1827, after a continued and faithful
-service of forty-four years.
-
-[9] Francis Godfrey was the son of Charles Godfrey, Esq., who
-married Miss Arabella Churchill, mistress of King James II., and
-mother of James Duke of Berwick. Miss Arabella Churchill was the
-sister of John Lord Churchill, afterwards Duke of Marlborough.
-
-
-
-
- TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE
-
- Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
- corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
- the text and consultation of external sources.
-
- Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
- and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example,
- foot-guards, foot guards; hand-grenades, hand grenades; piquets.
-
- Pg 23, '[Sidenote: 1783]' inserted.
- Pg 26, 'and assume the' replaced by 'and assumed the'.
- Pg 32, 'at Chinsurha' replaced by 'at Chinsurah'.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Sixteenth,
-or, The Bedfordshire Regiment of Fo, by Richard Cannon
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-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Historical Record of the Sixteenth, or, The
-Bedfordshire Regiment of Foot: From Its For, by Richard Cannon
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-
-
-Title: Historical Record of the Sixteenth, or, The Bedfordshire Regiment of Foot: From Its Formation in 1688 to 1848
-
-Author: Richard Cannon
-
-Release Date: July 3, 2017 [EBook #55036]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Brian Coe, John Campbell and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-
-
-<div class="transnote">
-<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p>
-
-<p>Some minor changes are noted at the <a href="#TN">end of the book.</a></p>
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/cover.jpg" width="600" alt="original cover" />
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<img src="images/i_frontispiece.jpg" width="450" alt="" />
-<div class="caption pg-brk">
-
-<span class="fs90">BY COMMAND OF</span> His late Majesty <span class="fs90">WILLIAM THE IV<sup><span class="xs">TH</span></sup>.</span><br />
-<span class="small"><em>and under the Patronage of</em></span><br />
-Her Majesty the Queen.<br /><br />
-
-HISTORICAL RECORDS,<br />
-<span class="small"><em>OF THE</em></span><br />
-<span class="xl">British Army</span><br />
-
-<em>Comprising the</em><br />
-<em><span class="xl">History of every Regiment</span></em><br />
-<em>IN HER MAJESTY'S SERVICE.</em><br />
-
-<em>By Richard Cannon Esq<sup>re</sup>.</em><br />
-
-<em>Adjutant General's Office, Horse Guards.</em><br />
-
-London.<br />
-
-<em>Printed by Authority.</em><br />
-</div></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<h1>
-<span class="xl lsp">HISTORICAL RECORD</span><br />
-<span class="xxs">OF</span><br />
-<span class="xxl">THE SIXTEENTH,</span><br />
-<span class="xxs">OR,</span><br />
-<span class="xl">THE BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT;</span></h1>
-
-<p class="pfs60">CONTAINING</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs100 lht">AN ACCOUNT OF THE FORMATION OF THE REGIMENT<br />
-IN 1688,</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs100 lht">AND OF ITS SUBSEQUENT SERVICES<br />
-TO 1848.</p>
-
-<hr class="r30" />
-<p class="pfs60">COMPILED BY</p>
-
-<p class="pfs100">RICHARD CANNON, <span class="smcap">Esq.</span></p>
-
-<p class="pfs70 lsp">ADJUTANT-GENERAL'S OFFICE, HORSE GUARDS.</p>
-
-<p class="p3" />
-<hr class="r20a" />
-<p class="pfs70 lsp2">ILLUSTRATED WITH PLATES.</p>
-<hr class="r20a" />
-
-<p class="p3 pfs90">LONDON:</p>
-<p class="pfs120">PARKER, FURNIVALL, &amp; PARKER,</p>
-<p class="pfs80">30 CHARING CROSS.</p>
-<hr class="r5a" />
-<p class="pfs60">M DCCC XLVIII.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<p class="p6" />
-<p class="pfs60">LONDON: PRINTED BY W. CLOWES AND SONS, STAMFORD STREET,<br />
-FOR HER MAJESTY'S STATIONERY OFFICE.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiii" id="Page_xxiii">[Pg xxiii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs135">SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-<hr class="r20" />
-
-<h2 class="no-brk">
-<span class="lsp">CONTENTS</span><br />
-<span class="xs">OF THE</span><br />
-HISTORICAL RECORD.</h2>
-<hr class="r20" />
-
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr smcap fs90 lsp">Page</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl smcap fs90">Year</td><td class="tdl smcap">Introduction</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">Formation of the Regiment</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_1">1</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Establishment and Uniform</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_2">2</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Quartered at Stony Stratford</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1689</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Holland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_3">3</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at Walcourt</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Bruges</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_4">4</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1690</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Brussels</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1691</td><td class="tdl">Joined the Army in South Brabant</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1692</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at Steenkirk</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Colonel Hodges killed</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_5">5</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1693</td><td class="tdl">Engaged at Landen</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Quartered at Dendermond</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1694</td><td class="tdl">Joined the Army in the Field</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_6">6</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Dendermond</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1695</td><td class="tdl">Joined in the Siege and Capture of Namur</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1696</td><td class="tdl">Joined the Army of Brabant</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1697</td><td class="tdl">Treaty of Peace concluded at Ryswick</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_7">7</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1701</td><td class="tdl">Preparations for recommencing War with France</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Re-embarked for Holland</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Reviewed on Breda-Heath by King William III.</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxiv" id="Page_xxiv">[xxiv]</a></span>
- 1702</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Rosendael</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Encamped at Cranenburg</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege of Kayserswerth</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched to Nimeguen</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">War declared against France</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_8">8</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Earl of Marlborough assumed the command of the Army</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege of Venloo</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&ndash; Ruremonde</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&ndash; Stevenswaert</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Capture of the Citadel of Liege</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Holland</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1703</td><td class="tdl">Marched towards Maestricht</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and Capture of Huy</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&ndash; Limburg</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Holland</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1704</td><td class="tdl">Accompanied the Army to Germany</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_9">9</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Schellenberg</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Crossed the Danube</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Blenheim</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marshal Tallard, and many officers and soldiers, made prisoners</td><td class="tdr">-</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Holland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_10">10</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1705</td><td class="tdl">Attacks on Helixem and Neer-Hespen</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1706</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Ramilies</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_11">11</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of principal towns of Brabant</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into quarters at Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1708</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England to repel invasion by the Pretender</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Flanders</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Oudenarde</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege of Lisle</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_12">12</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of the Citadel of Lisle</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1709</td><td class="tdl">Siege and Capture of Tournay</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_13">13</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxv" id="Page_xxv">[xxv]</a></span>
- 1709</td><td class="tdl">Battle of Malplaquet</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and Surrender of Mons</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_14">14</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Marched into winter quarters at Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1710</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in forcing the French Lines at Pont-à-Vendin</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege and Surrender of Douay</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&ndash; Bethune</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&mdash;&ndash; Aire and St. Venant</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to Ghent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1711</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in forcing the French Lines at Arleux</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Siege of Bouchain</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1712</td><td class="tdl">Joined the Army at Tournay</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_15">15</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Encamped at Cateau-Cambresis</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Surrender of Quesnoy</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Suspension of hostilities</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Detached to Dunkirk</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1714</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Scotland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1739</td><td class="tdl">War declared against Spain</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_16">16</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1740</td><td class="tdl">Encamped near Newbury under Lieutenant-General Wade</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_17">17</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked as Marines</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Re-landed at Portsmouth</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">A detachment embarked for the West Indies on an Expedition under General Lord Cathcart</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1741</td><td class="tdl">Expedition arrived at Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Employed at Carthagena, in South America</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Detachment nearly annihilated by disease</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1742</td><td class="tdl">War of the Austrian Succession commenced</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1745</td><td class="tdl">Arrival in Scotland of Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1746</td><td class="tdl">Regiment embarked for Scotland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_18">18</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1748</td><td class="tdl">Termination of the War on the Continent</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1749</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1751</td><td class="tdl">Royal Warrant issued on 1st July for regulating the Clothing, Colours, &amp;c. of Regiments</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxvi" id="Page_xxvi">[xxvi]</a></span>
- 1755</td><td class="tdl">War re-commenced with France</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_19">19</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1763</td><td class="tdl">Peace of Fontainebleau took place</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1767</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Florida in South America</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_20">20</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1775</td><td class="tdl">War commenced with North America</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1778</td><td class="tdl">War commenced with France, Spain, and Holland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_21">21</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1779</td><td class="tdl">Regiment withdrew to Baton Rouge, and made prisoners of war by the Spanish Governor of Louisiana</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Engaged with French and American forces at Savannah and the State of Georgia</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1781</td><td class="tdl">Defended Pensacola against a Spanish force</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_22">22</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1782</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England from South America</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_23">23</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Authorized to assume the County Title of <em>Buckinghamshire</em> Regiment</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Termination of the American War</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1784</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1790</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Nova Scotia</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_24">24</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1791</td><td class="tdl">Removed to Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1793</td><td class="tdl">Revolution broke out in France</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Republican principles extended to the French West India Settlements</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Detachment embarked from Jamaica for St. Domingo</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1795</td><td class="tdl">Engaged in the Maroon War in Jamaica</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1796</td><td class="tdl">Maroons reduced to submission, and removed from Jamaica</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_25">25</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Regiment returned to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1797</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Scotland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1799</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1800</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1802</td><td class="tdl">Peace of Amiens concluded</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1803</td><td class="tdl">War with France re-commenced</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1804</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for the West Indies</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Employed on an Expedition against Surinam</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_27">27</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxvii" id="Page_xxvii">[xxvii]</a></span>
- 1806</td><td class="tdl">Attacked by a large force of predatory Negroes at Surinam</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1809</td><td class="tdl">The County Title exchanged to the <em>Bedfordshire</em> instead of the Buckinghamshire Regiment</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_28">28</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1811</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1813</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Scotland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Ireland</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">War took place with the United States of America</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Canada</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1815</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England, proceeded to Ostend, and marched to Paris</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Returned to England</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1816</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_30">30</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1819</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Ceylon</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1828</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for Bengal</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_31">31</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1841</td><td class="tdl">Embarked for England</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_32">32</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1843</td><td class="tdl">Proceeded to Ireland</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_33">33</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1846</td><td class="tdl">Six Service Companies embarked for Gibraltar</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_34">34</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1847</td><td class="tdl">Six Service Companies embarked for Corfu</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1848</td><td class="tdl">Four Depôt Companies embarked from Cork for Guernsey</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">The Conclusion</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<hr class="r20" />
-
-<p class="pfs120">PLATES.</p>
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdl">Costume of the Regiment</td><td class="tdr">to face</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Plate_1">1</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">Colours of the Regiment</td><td class="tdr">" &nbsp; &nbsp; </td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Plate_34">34</a></td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-<hr class="r20 pg-brk" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xxviii" id="Page_xxviii">[xxviii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p class="pfs120">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</p>
-
-<p class="p2 pfs60">OF THE</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs125 lsp">SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<hr class="r20" />
-
-
-<div class="center fs90">
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="90%" summary="">
-<tr><td class="tdl smcap fs90">Year</td><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdr smcap fs90">Page</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1688</td><td class="tdl">Archibald Douglas</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_35">35</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">&mdash;&mdash;</td><td class="tdl">Robert Hodges</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1692</td><td class="tdl"><em>Hon.</em> James Stanley, afterwards Earl of Derby</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1705</td><td class="tdl">Francis Godfrey</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_37">37</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1711</td><td class="tdl">Henry Durell</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_38">38</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1713</td><td class="tdl">Hans Hamilton</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1715</td><td class="tdl">Richard <em>Viscount</em> Irwin</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1717</td><td class="tdl">James Cholmeley</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1724</td><td class="tdl">Henry Earl of Deloraine, K.B.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1730</td><td class="tdl">Roger Handasyd</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_40">40</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1763</td><td class="tdl"><em>Hon.</em> Robert Brudenell</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1765</td><td class="tdl">Sir William Draper, K.B.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1766</td><td class="tdl">James Gisborne</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_41">41</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1778</td><td class="tdl">James Robertson</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1788</td><td class="tdl"><em>Hon.</em> Thomas Bruce</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1797</td><td class="tdl">Henry Bowyer</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1808</td><td class="tdl">Sir Charles Green, Bart.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_43">43</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1814</td><td class="tdl">Sir George Prevost, Bart.</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_44">44</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1816</td><td class="tdl">Hugh Mackay Gordon</td><td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_45">45</a></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdl">1823</td><td class="tdl">William Carr, <em>Viscount</em> Beresford, G.C.B. and G.C.H.</td><td class="tdr">&mdash;</td></tr>
-</table></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_i" id="Page_i">[Pg i]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2 class="xl lsp2">GENERAL ORDERS.</h2>
-
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-
-<p class="right small padr1"><em>HORSE-GUARDS</em>,</p>
-<p class="right small"><em>1st January, 1836</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">His Majesty has been pleased to command that,
-with the view of doing the fullest justice to Regiments,
-as well as to Individuals who have distinguished
-themselves by their Bravery in Action
-with the Enemy, an Account of the Services of
-every Regiment in the British Army shall be published
-under the superintendence and direction of
-the Adjutant-General; and that this Account shall
-contain the following particulars, viz.:&mdash;</p>
-
-<div class="blockquot">
-
-<p>&mdash;&mdash; The Period and Circumstances of the Original
-Formation of the Regiment; The Stations at which it
-has been from time to time employed; The Battles,
-Sieges, and other Military Operations in which it has
-been engaged, particularly specifying any Achievement
-it may have performed, and the Colours,
-Trophies, &amp;c., it may have captured from the
-Enemy.</p>
-
-<p>&mdash;&mdash; The Names of the Officers, and the number of
-Non-Commissioned Officers and Privates Killed or
-Wounded by the Enemy, specifying the place and
-Date of the Action.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ii" id="Page_ii">[ii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>&mdash;&mdash; The Names of those Officers who, in consideration
-of their Gallant Services and Meritorious
-Conduct in Engagements with the Enemy, have
-been distinguished with Titles, Medals, or other
-Marks of His Majesty's gracious favour.</p>
-
-<p>&mdash;&mdash; The Names of all such Officers, Non-Commissioned
-Officers, and Privates, as may have
-specially signalized themselves in Action.</p>
-
-<p>And,</p>
-
-<p>&mdash;&mdash; The Badges and Devices which the Regiment
-may have been permitted to bear, and the
-Causes on account of which such Badges or Devices,
-or any other Marks of Distinction, have been
-granted.</p></div>
-
-<p class="right">
-<span class="padr4">By Command of the Right Honorable</span><br />
-<span class="padr6">GENERAL LORD HILL,</span><br />
-<em>Commanding-in-Chief</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="p1 right"><span class="smcap">John Macdonald</span>,<br />
-<span class="padr1"><em>Adjutant-General</em>.</span></p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iii" id="Page_iii">[iii]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2 class="lsp2">PREFACE.</h2>
-
-<hr class="r20" />
-
-<p class="noindent">The character and credit of the British Army must
-chiefly depend upon the zeal and ardour by which
-all who enter into its service are animated, and
-consequently it is of the highest importance that any
-measure calculated to excite the spirit of emulation,
-by which alone great and gallant actions are achieved,
-should be adopted.</p>
-
-<p>Nothing can more fully tend to the accomplishment
-of this desirable object than a full display of the noble
-deeds with which the Military History of our country
-abounds. To hold forth these bright examples to
-the imitation of the youthful soldier, and thus to
-incite him to emulate the meritorious conduct of those
-who have preceded him in their honorable career,
-are among the motives that have given rise to the
-present publication.</p>
-
-<p>The operations of the British Troops are, indeed,
-announced in the "London Gazette," from whence
-they are transferred into the public prints: the
-achievements of our armies are thus made known at
-the time of their occurrence, and receive the tribute<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_iv" id="Page_iv">[iv]</a></span>
-of praise and admiration to which they are entitled.
-On extraordinary occasions, the Houses of Parliament
-have been in the habit of conferring on the Commanders,
-and the Officers and Troops acting under
-their orders, expressions of approbation and of thanks
-for their skill and bravery; and these testimonials,
-confirmed by the high honour of their Sovereign's
-approbation, constitute the reward which the soldier
-most highly prizes.</p>
-
-<p>It has not, however, until late years, been the practice
-(which appears to have long prevailed in some of
-the Continental armies) for British Regiments to keep
-regular records of their services and achievements.
-Hence some difficulty has been experienced in obtaining,
-particularly from the old Regiments, an authentic
-account of their origin and subsequent services.</p>
-
-<p>This defect will now be remedied, in consequence
-of His Majesty having been pleased to command
-that every Regiment shall, in future, keep a full and
-ample record of its services at home and abroad.</p>
-
-<p>From the materials thus collected, the country
-will henceforth derive information as to the difficulties
-and privations which chequer the career of those who
-embrace the military profession. In Great Britain,
-where so large a number of persons are devoted to
-the active concerns of agriculture, manufactures,
-and commerce, and where these pursuits have, for so<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_v" id="Page_v">[v]</a></span>
-long a period, being undisturbed by the <em>presence of
-war</em>, which few other countries have escaped, comparatively
-little is known of the vicissitudes of active
-service and of the casualties of climate, to which,
-even during peace, the British Troops are exposed in
-every part of the globe, with little or no interval of
-repose.</p>
-
-<p>In their tranquil enjoyment of the blessings which
-the country derives from the industry and the enterprise
-of the agriculturist and the trader, its happy
-inhabitants may be supposed not often to reflect on
-the perilous duties of the soldier and the sailor,&mdash;on
-their sufferings,&mdash;and on the sacrifice of valuable life,
-by which so many national benefits are obtained and
-preserved.</p>
-
-<p>The conduct of the British Troops, their valour,
-and endurance, have shone conspicuously under great
-and trying difficulties; and their character has been
-established in Continental warfare by the irresistible
-spirit with which they have effected debarkations in
-spite of the most formidable opposition, and by the
-gallantry and steadiness with which they have maintained
-their advantages against superior numbers.</p>
-
-<p>In the official Reports made by the respective Commanders,
-ample justice has generally been done to
-the gallant exertions of the Corps employed; but
-the details of their services and of acts of individual<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span>
-bravery can only be fully given in the Annals of the
-various Regiments.</p>
-
-<p>These Records are now preparing for publication,
-under his Majesty's special authority, by Mr.
-<span class="smcap">Richard Cannon</span>, Principal Clerk of the Adjutant
-General's Office; and while the perusal of them cannot
-fail to be useful and interesting to military men
-of every rank, it is considered that they will also
-afford entertainment and information to the general
-reader, particularly to those who may have served in
-the Army, or who have relatives in the Service.</p>
-
-<p>There exists in the breasts of most of those who
-have served, or are serving, in the Army, an <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">Esprit
-de Corps</i>&mdash;an attachment to everything belonging
-to their Regiment; to such persons a narrative of
-the services of their own Corps cannot fail to prove
-interesting. Authentic accounts of the actions of
-the great, the valiant, the loyal, have always been
-of paramount interest with a brave and civilized
-people. Great Britain has produced a race of heroes
-who, in moments of danger and terror, have stood
-"firm as the rocks of their native shore:" and when
-half the world has been arrayed against them, they
-have fought the battles of their Country with unshaken
-fortitude. It is presumed that a record of
-achievements in war,&mdash;victories so complete and surprising,
-gained by our countrymen, our brothers,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span>
-our fellow citizens in arms,&mdash;a record which revives
-the memory of the brave, and brings their gallant
-deeds before us, will certainly prove acceptable to
-the public.</p>
-
-<p>Biographical memoirs of the Colonels and other
-distinguished Officers will be introduced in the
-Records of their respective Regiments, and the
-Honorary Distinctions which have, from time to
-time, been conferred upon each Regiment, as testifying
-the value and importance of its services, will be
-faithfully set forth.</p>
-
-<p>As a convenient mode of Publication, the Record
-of each Regiment will be printed in a distinct number,
-so that when the whole shall be completed, the
-Parts may be bound up in numerical succession.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span><br />
- <span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2>
-<span class="large">INTRODUCTION</span><br />
-
-<span class="xs">TO</span><br />
-
-<span class="xl lsp2">THE INFANTRY.</span></h2>
-
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<p class="p2" />
-
-<p class="noindent">The natives of Britain have, at all periods, been
-celebrated for innate courage and unshaken firmness,
-and the national superiority of the British troops
-over those of other countries has been evinced in
-the midst of the most imminent perils. History contains
-so many proofs of extraordinary acts of bravery,
-that no doubts can be raised upon the facts which
-are recorded. It must therefore be admitted, that
-the distinguishing feature of the British soldier is
-<span class="smcap">Intrepidity</span>. This quality was evinced by the
-inhabitants of England when their country was
-invaded by Julius Cæsar with a Roman army, on
-which occasion the undaunted Britons rushed into
-the sea to attack the Roman soldiers as they descended
-from their ships; and, although their discipline
-and arms were inferior to those of their
-adversaries, yet their fierce and dauntless bearing
-intimidated the flower of the Roman troops, including
-Cæsar's favourite tenth legion. Their arms
-consisted of spears, short swords, and other weapons
-of rude construction. They had chariots, to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_x" id="Page_x">[x]</a></span>
-axles of which were fastened sharp pieces of iron
-resembling scythe-blades, and infantry in long
-chariots resembling waggons, who alighted and
-fought on foot, and for change of ground, pursuit
-or retreat, sprang into the chariot and drove off
-with the speed of cavalry. These inventions were,
-however, unavailing against Cæsar's legions: in
-the course of time a military system, with discipline
-and subordination, was introduced, and
-British courage, being thus regulated, was exerted
-to the greatest advantage; a full development of
-the national character followed, and it shone forth
-in all its native brilliancy.</p>
-
-<p>The military force of the Anglo Saxons consisted
-principally of infantry: Thanes, and other men of
-property, however, fought on horseback. The
-infantry were of two classes, heavy and light.
-The former carried large shields armed with spikes,
-long broad swords and spears; and the latter were
-armed with swords or spears only. They had also
-men armed with clubs, others with battle-axes and
-javelins.</p>
-
-<p>The feudal troops established by William the
-Conqueror consisted (as already stated in the Introduction
-to the Cavalry) almost entirely of horse;
-but when the warlike barons and knights, with their
-trains of tenants and vassals, took the field, a proportion
-of men appeared on foot, and, although
-these were of inferior degree, they proved stout-hearted
-Britons of stanch fidelity. When stipendiary
-troops were employed, infantry always constituted
-a considerable portion of the military force;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[xi]</a></span>
-and this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i> has since acquired, in every quarter
-of the globe, a celebrity never exceeded by the
-armies of any nation at any period.</p>
-
-<p>The weapons carried by the infantry, during the
-several reigns succeeding the Conquest, were bows
-and arrows, half-pikes, lances, halberds, various
-kinds of battle-axes, swords, and daggers. Armour
-was worn on the head and body, and in course of
-time the practice became general for military men
-to be so completely cased in steel, that it was
-almost impossible to slay them.</p>
-
-<p>The introduction of the use of gunpowder in the
-destructive purposes of war, in the early part of the
-fourteenth century, produced a change in the arms
-and equipment of the infantry-soldier. Bows and
-arrows gave place to various kinds of fire-arms, but
-British archers continued formidable adversaries;
-and owing to the inconvenient construction and imperfect
-bore of the fire-arms when first introduced,
-a body of men, well trained in the use of the bow
-from their youth, was considered a valuable acquisition
-to every army, even as late as the sixteenth
-century.</p>
-
-<p>During a great part of the reign of Queen Elizabeth
-each company of infantry usually consisted of
-men armed five different ways; in every hundred
-men forty were "<em>men-at-arms</em>," and sixty "<em>shot</em>;"
-the "men-at-arms" were ten halberdiers, or battle-axe
-men, and thirty pikemen; and the "shot" were
-twenty archers, twenty musketeers, and twenty
-harquebusiers, and each man carried, besides his
-principal weapon, a sword and dagger.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[xii]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>Companies of infantry varied at this period in
-numbers from 150 to 300 men; each company had
-a colour or ensign, and the mode of formation recommended
-by an English military writer (Sir John
-Smithe) in 1590 was:&mdash;the colour in the centre of
-the company guarded by the halberdiers; the pikemen
-in equal proportions, on each flank of the
-halberdiers: half the musketeers on each flank of
-the pikes; half the archers on each flank of the musketeers,
-and the harquebusiers (whose arms were
-much lighter than the muskets then in use) in equal
-proportions on each flank of the company for skirmishing.<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a>
-It was customary to unite a number of companies
-into one body, called a <span class="smcap">Regiment</span>, which
-frequently amounted to three thousand men: but
-each company continued to carry a colour. Numerous
-improvements were eventually introduced in the
-construction of fire-arms, and, it having been found
-impossible to make armour proof against the muskets
-then in use (which carried a very heavy ball) without
-its being too weighty for the soldier, armour was
-gradually laid aside by the infantry in the seventeenth
-century: bows and arrows also fell into disuse,
-and the infantry were reduced to two classes,
-viz.: <em>musketeers</em>, armed with matchlock muskets,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[xiii]</a></span>
-swords, and daggers; and <em>pikemen</em>, armed with pikes
-from fourteen to eighteen feet long, and swords.</p>
-
-<p>In the early part of the seventeenth century
-Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, reduced the
-strength of regiments to 1000 men. He caused the
-gunpowder, which had heretofore been carried in
-flasks, or in small wooden bandoliers, each containing
-a charge, to be made up into cartridges, and
-carried in pouches; and he formed each regiment
-into two wings of musketeers, and a centre division
-of pikemen. He also adopted the practice of forming
-four regiments into a brigade; and the number
-of colours was afterwards reduced to three in each
-regiment. He formed his columns so compactly that
-his infantry could resist the charge of the celebrated
-Polish horsemen and Austrian cuirassiers; and his
-armies became the admiration of other nations. His
-mode of formation was copied by the English,
-French, and other European states; but so great
-was the prejudice in favour of ancient customs, that
-all his improvements were not adopted until near a
-century afterwards.</p>
-
-<p>In 1664 King Charles II. raised a corps for sea-service,
-styled the Admiral's regiment. In 1678
-each company of 100 men usually consisted of 30
-pikemen, 60 musketeers, and 10 men armed with
-light firelocks. In this year the King added a company
-of men armed with hand-grenades to each of
-the old British regiments, which was designated the
-"grenadier company." Daggers were so contrived
-as to fit in the muzzles of the muskets, and bayonets<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[xiv]</a></span>
-similar to those at present in use were adopted about
-twenty years afterwards.</p>
-
-<p>An Ordnance regiment was raised in 1685, by
-order of King James II., to guard the artillery, and
-was designated the Royal Fusiliers (now 7th Foot).
-This corps, and the companies of grenadiers, did
-not carry pikes.</p>
-
-<p>King William III. incorporated the Admiral's
-regiment in the second Foot Guards, and raised
-two Marine regiments for sea-service. During the
-war in this reign, each company of infantry (excepting
-the fusiliers and grenadiers) consisted of 14
-pikemen and 46 musketeers; the captains carried
-pikes; lieutenants, partisans; ensigns, half-pikes;
-and serjeants, halberds. After the peace in 1697 the
-Marine regiments were disbanded, but were again
-formed on the breaking out of the war in 1702.<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a></p>
-
-<p>During the reign of Queen Anne the pikes were
-laid aside, and every infantry soldier was armed
-with a musket, bayonet, and sword; the grenadiers
-ceased, about the same period, to carry hand grenades;
-and the regiments were directed to lay aside
-their third colour: the corps of Royal Artillery was
-first added to the Army in this reign.</p>
-
-<p>About the year 1745, the men of the battalion
-companies of infantry ceased to carry swords; during<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xv" id="Page_xv">[xv]</a></span>
-the reign of George II. light companies were added
-to infantry regiments; and in 1764 a Board of
-General Officers recommended that the grenadiers
-should lay aside their swords, as that weapon had
-never been used during the seven years' war. Since
-that period the arms of the infantry soldier have been
-limited to the musket and bayonet.</p>
-
-<p>The arms and equipment of the British troops have
-seldom differed materially, since the Conquest, from
-those of other European states; and in some respects
-the arming has, at certain periods, been allowed to
-be inferior to that of the nations with whom they
-have had to contend; yet, under this disadvantage,
-the bravery and superiority of the British infantry
-have been evinced on very many and most trying
-occasions, and splendid victories have been gained
-over very superior numbers.</p>
-
-<p>Great Britain has produced a race of lion-like
-champions who have dared to confront a host of
-foes, and have proved themselves valiant with any
-arms. At <em>Crecy</em> King Edward III., at the head of
-about 30,000 men, defeated, on the 26th of August,
-1346, Philip King of France, whose army is said to
-have amounted to 100,000 men; here British valour
-encountered veterans of renown:&mdash;the King of Bohemia,
-the King of Majorca, and many princes and
-nobles were slain, and the French army was routed
-and cut to pieces. Ten years afterwards, Edward
-Prince of Wales, who was designated the Black
-Prince, defeated, at <em>Poictiers</em>, with 14,000 men,
-a French army of 60,000 horse, besides infantry,
-and took John I., King of France, and his son<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvi" id="Page_xvi">[xvi]</a></span>
-Philip, prisoners. On the 25th of October, 1415,
-King Henry V., with an army of about 13,000
-men, although greatly exhausted by marches, privations,
-and sickness, defeated, at <em>Agincourt</em>, the
-Constable of France, at the head of the flower of
-the French nobility and an army said to amount to
-60,000 men, and gained a complete victory.</p>
-
-<p>During the seventy years' war between the United
-Provinces of the Netherlands and the Spanish monarchy,
-which commenced in 1578 and terminated
-in 1648, the British infantry in the service of the
-States-General were celebrated for their unconquerable
-spirit and firmness;<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and in the thirty
-years' war between the Protestant Princes and the
-Emperor of Germany, the British troops in the service
-of Sweden and other states were celebrated for
-deeds of heroism.<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> In the wars of Queen Anne,
-the fame of the British army under the great
-<span class="smcap">Marlborough</span> was spread throughout the world;
-and if we glance at the achievements performed
-within the memory of persons now living, there is
-abundant proof that the Britons of the present age
-are not inferior to their ancestors in the qualities
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xvii" id="Page_xvii">[xvii]</a></span>which constitute good soldiers. Witness the deeds
-of the brave men, of whom there are many now
-surviving, who fought in Egypt in 1801, under the
-brave Abercromby, and compelled the French army,
-which had been vainly styled <em>Invincible</em>, to evacuate
-that country; also the services of the gallant
-Troops during the arduous campaigns in the Peninsula,
-under the immortal <span class="smcap">Wellington</span>; and the
-determined stand made by the British Army at
-Waterloo, where Napoleon Bonaparte, who had
-long been the inveterate enemy of Great Britain,
-and had sought and planned her destruction by
-every means he could devise, was compelled to
-leave his vanquished legions to their fate, and to
-place himself at the disposal of the British Government.
-These achievements, with others of recent
-dates in the distant climes of India, prove that the
-same valour and constancy which glowed in the
-breasts of the heroes of Crecy, Poictiers, Agincourt,
-Blenheim, and Ramilies, continue to animate the
-Britons of the nineteenth century.</p>
-
-<p>The British Soldier is distinguished for a robust
-and muscular frame,&mdash;intrepidity which no danger
-can appal,&mdash;unconquerable spirit and resolution,&mdash;patience
-in fatigue and privation, and cheerful obedience
-to his superiors. These qualities, united with
-an excellent system of order and discipline to regulate
-and give a skilful direction to the energies and
-adventurous spirit of the hero, and a wise selection
-of officers of superior talent to command, whose
-presence inspires confidence,&mdash;have been the leading
-causes of the splendid victories gained by the British<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xviii" id="Page_xviii">[xviii]</a></span>
-arms.<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> The fame of the deeds of the past and
-present generations in the various battle-fields where
-the robust sons of Albion have fought and conquered,
-surrounds the British arms with a halo of glory;
-these achievements will live in the page of history to
-the end of time.</p>
-
-<p>The records of the several regiments will be found
-to contain a detail of facts of an interesting character,
-connected with the hardships, sufferings, and gallant
-exploits of British soldiers in the various parts of the
-world, where the calls of their Country and the commands
-of their Sovereign have required them to
-proceed in the execution of their duty, whether in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xix" id="Page_xix">[xix]</a></span>
-active continental operations, or in maintaining colonial
-territories in distant and unfavourable climes.</p>
-
-<p>The superiority of the British infantry has been
-pre-eminently set forth in the wars of six centuries,
-and admitted by the greatest commanders which
-Europe has produced. The formations and movements
-of this <i lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">arme</i>, as at present practised, while
-they are adapted to every species of warfare, and to
-all probable situations and circumstances of service,
-are calculated to show forth the brilliancy of military
-tactics calculated upon mathematical and scientific
-principles. Although the movements and evolutions
-have been copied from the continental armies, yet
-various improvements have from time to time been
-introduced, to insure that simplicity and celerity by
-which the superiority of the national military character
-is maintained. The rank and influence which
-Great Britain has attained among the nations of the
-world, have in a great measure been purchased by
-the valour of the Army, and to persons who have the
-welfare of their country at heart, the records of the
-several regiments cannot fail to prove interesting.</p>
-
-
-<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> A company of 200 men would appear thus:&mdash;</p>
-
-<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="95%" summary="structure of a company">
-<tr><td colspan="4"></td><td>&nbsp; <img src="images/flag.jpg" width="20" alt="flag" /></td></tr>
-<tr><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td>
- <td class="tdc">30</td><td class="tdc">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc wd10">20</td><td class="tdc"></td></tr>
-<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Halberds.</td>
- <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Muskets.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Harquebuses.</td></tr>
-<tr class="fs80"><td class="tdl"></td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td>
- <td class="tdl" colspan="2">Pikes.</td><td class="tdl" colspan="2">Archers.</td></tr>
-</table>
-
-<p>The musket carried a ball which weighed <sup>1</sup>/<sub>10</sub>th of a pound; and the
-harquebus a ball which weighed <sup>1</sup>/<sub>25</sub>th of a pound.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> The 30th, 31st, and 32nd Regiments were formed as Marine corps
-in 1702, and were employed as such during the wars in the reign of
-Queen Anne. The Marine corps were embarked in the Fleet under
-Admiral Sir George Rooke, and were at the taking of Gibraltar, and
-in its subsequent defence in 1704; they were afterwards employed at
-the siege of Barcelona in 1705.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> The brave Sir Roger Williams, in his Discourse on War, printed
-in 1590, observes:&mdash;"I persuade myself ten thousand of our nation
-would beat thirty thousand of theirs (the Spaniards) out of the field,
-let them be chosen where they list." Yet at this time the Spanish
-infantry was allowed to be the best disciplined in Europe. For
-instances of valour displayed by the British Infantry during the
-Seventy Years' War, see the Historical Record of the Third Foot, or
-Buffs.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Vide the Historical Record of the First, or Royal Regiment of
-Foot.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> "Under the blessing of Divine Providence, His Majesty ascribes
-the successes which have attended the exertions of his troops in Egypt to
-that determined bravery which is inherent in Britons; but His Majesty
-desires it may be most solemnly and forcibly impressed on the consideration
-of every part of the army, that it has been a strict observance of order, discipline,
-and military system, which has given the full energy to the
-native valour of the troops, and has enabled them proudly to assert the
-superiority of the national military character, in situations uncommonly
-arduous, and under circumstances of peculiar difficulty."&mdash;<cite>General
-Orders in 1801.</cite>
-</p>
-<p>
-In the General Orders issued by Lieut.-General Sir John Hope (afterwards
-Lord Hopetoun), congratulating the army upon the successful result
-of the Battle of Corunna, on the 16th of January, 1809, it is stated:&mdash;"On
-no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever been more
-manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing march, rendered
-necessary by the superiority which the enemy had acquired, and
-which had materially impaired the efficiency of the troops, many disadvantages
-were to be encountered. These have all been surmounted by
-the conduct of the troops themselves; and the enemy has been taught,
-that whatever advantages of position or of numbers he may possess, there
-is inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that knows not
-how to yield,&mdash;that no circumstances can appal,&mdash;and that will ensure
-victory, when it is to be obtained by the exertion of any human means."</p></div></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<div class="figcenter">
-<a name="Plate_1" id="Plate_1"></a>
-<img src="images/i_b_001fp.jpg" width="550" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-SIXTEENTH REGIMENT OF FOOT.
-
-<p class="pfs70">FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS</p>
-<p class="fs70"><em>Madeley del et lith 3 Wellington S<sup>t</sup> Strand</em></p>
-</div></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[Pg 1]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2 class="large lsp2">HISTORICAL RECORD</h2>
-
-<p class="pfs60">OF</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs135">THE SIXTEENTH,</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs60">OR THE</p>
-
-<p class="pfs120">BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<p class="p2" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<p class="p2" />
-
-
-<div class="sidenote">1688</div>
-
-<p class="noindent">In the autumn of 1688, when the pernicious counsellors
-of King James II. had induced His Majesty to adopt
-measures which indicated a design to overthrow the
-constitution and established religion of the country,
-and many patriotic noblemen and gentlemen had
-solicited the Prince of Orange to come to England
-with an army, to preserve the liberties and religion
-of the people, the King then became sensible of the
-dangerous position into which he had been brought,
-and resolved to augment his army: and among the
-corps embodied on that occasion was a regiment of
-pikemen and musketeers, which has been retained in
-the service to the present time, and now bears the title
-of "The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, or the <span class="smcap">Bedfordshire</span> Regiment
-of Foot."</p>
-
-<p>This corps was raised in the southern counties of
-England, and the colonelcy was conferred on Lieut.-Colonel
-Archibald Douglas, from the royal regiment
-of foot, by commission dated the 9th of October, 1688.
-Captain Robert Hodges, from the grenadier company
-of the royal regiment, was appointed Lieut.-Colonel,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span>
-and Murdock M'Kenzie was nominated Major. The
-establishment was fixed at nine hundred and twenty-seven
-officers and soldiers, including a grenadier
-company, which was afterwards ordered to be added
-to the regiment. The uniform was round hats, ornamented
-with <em>white</em> ribands; <em>red</em> coats, lined and faced
-with <em>white</em>; white waistcoats and breeches.</p>
-
-<p>Five days after the warrants for the formation of
-the regiment were issued, a number of men had enrolled
-themselves under the standards of this corps,&mdash;principally
-from the county of Middlesex; and they were
-ordered to march to Reading in Berkshire, where the
-several enlisting parties were directed to assemble,
-and the formation of the corps was completed.</p>
-
-<p>Early in November, when the armament under the
-Prince of Orange had passed Dover, the regiment was
-ordered to march to London, and occupy quarters in
-the borough of Southwark; it was afterwards directed
-to join the army: but the pernicious advice of the
-King's counsellors proved fatal to his interests; his
-soldiers refused to fight against the Prince of Orange;
-and some irregular orders were issued which appeared
-to leave the officers and men at liberty to quit their
-colours, when a number of corps were disbanded. The
-Prince of Orange issued orders for the several corps
-to be re-organised, and appointed quarters for every
-regiment;&mdash;the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were directed to occupy
-quarters at Stony Stratford, in Buckinghamshire.
-King James afterwards fled to France.</p>
-
-<p>Colonel Douglas adhered to the interest of King
-James, and the Prince of Orange promoted Lieut.-Colonel
-Hodges to the colonelcy of the regiment, by
-commission dated the 31st of December, 1688.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1689</div>
-
-<p>In the early part of 1689 the Prince and Princess of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span>
-Orange were elevated to the throne by the titles of
-King William the Third and Queen Mary; and soon
-afterwards the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment received orders to
-proceed to Holland, to aid the Dutch in their war
-with France. It embarked for the United Provinces
-in April, and served the campaign of that year under
-Prince Waldeck; in August it was in position in the
-province of Namur.</p>
-
-<p>Early on the morning of the 25th of August, the
-musketeers of the regiment, with the piquets of several
-other corps, commanded by Colonel Hodges of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, advanced to cover the numerous foraging
-parties sent to the villages and fields in front of the
-army, and Colonel Hodges posted his men at, and in
-front of, the village of Forgé. About nine o'clock the
-French army under Marshal d'Humières was seen
-advancing to attack the confederate forces, when three
-guns were fired to call in the foragers, and Colonel
-Hodges prepared to resist the leading corps of the
-enemy to give time for the several parties to withdraw.
-The Dutch and Danish horse in front were speedily
-driven in; but the musketeers of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> and
-other corps under Colonel Hodges lined the hedges,
-and held a force of very superior numbers in check
-nearly two hours, when, the foraging parties having
-all returned to camp, Colonel Hodges withdrew to a
-mill, and, posting his men behind walls and out-buildings,
-he held the French army in check nearly an hour,
-the shots of his marksmen smiting the leading companies
-of the enemy with sure aim. At length he received
-orders to retire, and withdrew fighting, until he came
-to the village of <em>Walcourt</em>, where a regiment of Lunenburgers
-was posted. The French attempted to carry
-the village by storm; but were repulsed, and were<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>
-eventually forced to retreat, with severe loss. Colonel
-Hodges' party had Lieut.-Colonel Graham, Captain
-Davison, and thirty men, killed.</p>
-
-<p>In October the regiment marched to Bruges, where
-it was stationed during the winter.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1690</div>
-
-<p>The regiment marched for Brussels in June, 1690,
-in order to join the Dutch forces; but Prince Waldeck
-engaged the French at Fleurus, without waiting for
-the arrival of the British troops, and his army was
-nearly annihilated; which reduced the confederate
-forces to the necessity of limiting their services to
-defensive operations during the remainder of the
-campaign.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1691</div>
-
-<p>Leaving its winter quarters in March, 1691, the
-regiment joined the army in South Brabant, and was
-formed in brigade with the Scots foot guards, a battalion
-of the royals, and the Scots regiments of Ramsay,
-Angus, and Mackay; but the confederate army was not
-sufficiently numerous to prevent the French capturing
-Mons. During the summer the regiment took part
-in various manœuvres; but no general engagement
-occurred.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1692</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1692, when the French besieged
-Namur, the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were called from their winter
-quarters, and joined the army under the command of
-King William III., who advanced to relieve the besieged
-fortress, but was delayed by heavy rains, and the
-garrison surrendered before the end of June.</p>
-
-<p>After several movements King William resolved to
-attack the French army, under Marshal Luxemburg,
-at its camp at <em>Steenkirk</em>, on the 3rd of August. The
-leading corps penetrated along difficult roads, and
-attacked the French army with great gallantry; but
-the main body of the confederate troops was too far in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>
-the rear to afford timely support, and the King ordered
-a retreat. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were brought into action
-on this occasion, and exposed to the enemy's fire, when
-Colonel Hodges was killed at the head of the regiment
-by a cannon-ball: his death was much regretted, he
-being a gallant and intelligent officer, much esteemed
-and beloved by the soldiers.</p>
-
-<p>King William conferred the colonelcy of the regiment
-on the Honorable James Stanley, afterwards Earl of
-Derby, from Captain and Lieut.-Colonel in the first
-foot guards.</p>
-
-<p>Towards the end of August the regiment was
-detached, with other troops, under Lieut.-General
-Talmash, who moved towards Bruges: at the same
-time Furnes and Dixmude were taken possession of
-and fortified.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1693</div>
-
-<p>The regiment served the campaign of 1693 in the
-brigade commanded by Brigadier-General Erle. It
-took part in several movements, and was in position
-when the confederate army was attacked at <em>Landen</em>,
-on the 29th of July, by the French, under Marshal
-Luxemburg. The enemy had a great superiority of
-numbers on this occasion, and the confederate army
-was forced to retreat. It was stated in the London
-Gazette, "the enemy had above eighty thousand
-effective men; we were not more than forty-five
-thousand. * * * Our troops in general behaved
-themselves extremely well, but the English did particularly
-distinguish themselves." The regiment had
-Captain Cole and Ensign Johnston killed, and Ensign
-Campion taken prisoner; it also lost upwards of fifty
-men, killed, wounded, and taken prisoners.</p>
-
-<p>At the end of the campaign the regiment was placed
-in garrison at Dendermond.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1694</div>
-
-<p>Quitting its winter quarters in May, 1694, the regiment
-joined the army, and served the campaign of this
-year in the brigade commanded by Brigadier-General
-Collier: it afterwards returned to Dendermond.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1695</div>
-
-<p>In 1695 King William undertook the siege of <em>Namur</em>,
-and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> had the honor to take part in
-the capture of this important fortress. They joined the
-besieging army, and were on duty in the trenches on
-the 7th of July; and they were repeatedly engaged
-in storming the outworks and exterior defences. On
-the 17th of July Ensign Gardiner of the regiment was
-killed, and Ensign Devreux wounded, at the attack on
-the counterscarp; and on the 2nd of August, Captain
-Holiday of the grenadier company was wounded at
-the extending of the lodgment on the covered way.
-On the following day, when preparations were making
-for another assault, the garrison hoisted a white flag
-and agreed to surrender the town.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were selected to take part in the
-siege of the castle of Namur, and were encamped at
-Maison Blanche; but, having lost many men, they were
-relieved on the 11th of August, and joined the covering
-army under the Prince of Vaudemont. They were
-encamped a short time between Genappe and Waterloo;
-afterwards near Namur; and the grenadier company
-took part in the attack on the castle, which capitulated
-on the 2nd of September. The regiment afterwards
-returned to Dendermond.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1696<br />1697</div>
-
-<p>Leaving its winter quarters in the spring of 1696,
-the regiment joined the army of Brabant under King
-William, and served the campaign of that year in
-Brigadier-General Fitzpatrick's brigade. It served the
-campaign of 1697 in the brigade under Brigadier-General
-Ingoldsby; and in the autumn the British<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span>
-monarch witnessed his efforts to preserve the reformed
-religion, and the balance of power in Europe, attended
-with success. The treaty of Ryswick gave peace to the
-nations of Europe; and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment embarked
-for Ireland, where it was stationed until the
-summer of 1701, reposing on the reputation which it
-had acquired on the continent, where it had served
-seven campaigns.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1701</div>
-
-<p>In the meantime the French monarch had violated
-the liberties of Europe, by procuring the accession of
-his grandson, the Duke of Anjou, to the throne of
-Spain,&mdash;by seizing on the Spanish Netherlands and
-detaining the Dutch garrisons in the barrier towns:
-and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were called from their quarters in
-Ireland to reinforce the Dutch army. The regiment
-embarked from Carrickfergus on the 7th of June, and
-sailed to the island of Voorn, where it was removed on
-board of Dutch vessels, and proceeded up the Maese
-to the fortress of Huesden, where it remained two
-months, then proceeded to Breda, and was reviewed on
-Breda heath by King William on the 21st of September,
-afterwards returning to Huesden.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1702</div>
-
-<p>In March, 1702, the regiment traversed the country
-to Rosendael, where the British corps were assembled
-under Brigadier-General Ingoldsby, and received
-information of the death of King William, and the
-accession of Queen Anne, on the 8th of March. The
-regiment afterwards marched across the country to the
-duchy of Cleves, and encamped at Cranenburg,
-forming part of the covering army during the siege of
-<em>Kayserswerth</em> by the Germans. On the night of the
-10th of June the covering army made a forced march
-to <em>Nimeguen</em> to avoid the loss of communication
-with that fortress, in consequence of the movements of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span>
-the enemy. On the following morning the British corps
-in the rear-guard distinguished themselves in a sharp
-skirmish with the leading columns of the French army.</p>
-
-<p>Queen Anne declared war against France; additional
-troops were sent to Holland, and the Earl of Marlborough
-assumed the command of the allied army.
-The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> shared in the operations by which the
-French army was forced to retire from the frontiers of
-Holland; and they formed part of the covering army
-during the sieges of <em>Venloo</em>, <em>Ruremonde</em>, and <em>Stevenswaert</em>;
-took part in delivering the city of <em>Liege</em> from the power
-of the enemy; and their grenadier company distinguished
-itself in the capture of the citadel by storm
-on the 23rd of October. The regiment afterwards
-marched back to Holland for winter quarters.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1703</div>
-
-<p>Towards the end of April, 1703, the regiment commenced
-its march towards Maestricht, and was in position
-near that city when the French army approached
-in order of battle, but did not venture to hazard a
-general engagement. The regiment shared in the
-operations by which the French were afterwards
-forced to make a precipitate retreat and take post
-behind their fortified lines. The services of the
-regiment were also connected with the siege and
-capture of the fortress of <em>Huy</em>, on the Maese river,
-above the city of Liege; and with the siege of the
-city of <em>Limburg</em>, situate on a pleasant eminence among
-woods near the banks of the Wesdet, which place surrendered
-on the 28th of September. After these conquests
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> returned to Holland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1704</div>
-
-<p>During the winter six hundred men of the regiment
-joined the garrison of Maestricht, while the Dutch soldiers
-were working at the entrenchments on the heights of
-Petersberg: in May, 1704, the remainder of the regiment<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span>
-marched towards the Rhine, and was joined at
-Bedburg by the detachment from Maestricht.</p>
-
-<p>The Duke of Marlborough led his army from
-Holland to the heart of Germany, and, there encountering
-the legions of France and Bavaria, he gained two
-important victories on the banks of the Danube, and
-exalted the reputation of the British arms. The
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> had the honor to share in this splendid
-enterprise, and to take a distinguished part in gaining
-the victory at <em>Schellenberg</em> on the 2nd of July, when
-the regiment had Major Mordaunt, Ensign Charleston,
-one serjeant, and nineteen soldiers killed; Lieut.-Colonel
-Hamilton, Captain Coghlan, Ensign Key, one
-serjeant, and thirty-four rank and file wounded.</p>
-
-<p>After this victory the regiment crossed the Danube
-and marched to the vicinity of the enemy's fortified
-camp at Augsburg, which was found too strong to be
-attacked, and the army retired a few stages, the
-Germans commencing the siege of Ingoldstadt. The
-enemy, being reinforced from France, took up a position
-in the valley of the Danube, near the village of
-<em>Blenheim</em>, which was occupied by a considerable body
-of troops; and on the memorable 13th of August a
-general engagement took place, in which the English
-general was once more victorious; the French and
-Bavarian army sustaining a decisive overthrow, with
-the loss of its artillery and baggage, and many entire
-regiments being made prisoners; the French commander,
-Marshal Tallard, being among the captives.
-The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment was one of the corps which
-sustained the brunt of the battle on this occasion, and
-acquired great honor. The loss of the regiment was
-very great: Captain Coghlan, Lieutenant Brown,
-Ensigns Sabine and Hesketh, were among the killed;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>
-and Lieut.-Colonel Hamilton, Captains Hesketh,
-Fleming, Lee, and Horne, Lieutenants Vicariage,
-Jackson, Ayloffe, and Reddish, Ensigns Mackrich,
-Hook, and Gordon, wounded.</p>
-
-<p>From the banks of the Danube the regiment traversed
-the country to Philipsburg, where it crossed the
-Rhine, and formed part of the covering army encamped
-at Croon-Weissemberg, during the siege of <em>Landau</em>
-by the Germans. In the autumn the regiment embarked
-in boats on the Rhine, and sailed to Holland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1705</div>
-
-<p>The losses of the preceding campaigns were replaced
-in the spring of 1705 by recruits from England, and,
-when the regiment took the field to serve the campaign
-of 1705, its appearance and efficiency were admired.
-It was employed in the expedition up the Moselle, and,
-passing the Moselle and the Saar rivers on the 3rd of
-June, advanced towards Syrk; but the designs of
-the British commander were frustrated by the tardy
-movements of the Germans, and he marched back to
-the Netherlands.</p>
-
-<p>In May of this year the Earl of Derby retired from
-the service, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by
-Lieut.-Colonel Francis Godfrey, from the foot-guards.</p>
-
-<p>A stupendous barrier of fortified lines, forts, and
-batteries opposed the progress of the British commander;
-but by skilful movements these works were
-passed at the slenderly-guarded posts of <em>Helixem</em> and
-<em>Neer-Hespen</em> on the 18th of July. On this occasion
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> formed part of Brigadier-General
-Fergusson's brigade in the main body of the army,
-and did not sustain any loss. It shared in the subsequent
-operations of the campaign, and passed the
-winter in garrison in Holland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1706</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> had the honor to take part in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
-battle of <em>Ramilies</em>, on the 23rd of May, 1706, when the
-French, Spanish, and Bavarian forces, commanded by
-Marshal Villeroy and the Elector of Bavaria, were
-forced from their formidable position with severe loss,
-and pursued many miles.</p>
-
-<p>Important results followed this triumph over the
-forces of Louis XIV.; the states of Brabant and magistrates
-of Brussels renounced their allegiance to the
-Duke of Anjou; the principal towns of Brabant and
-several fortified places in Flanders were immediately
-delivered up, and others surrendered after short sieges.
-Thus provinces disputed for ages, and towns which
-had resisted powerful armies for months and years,
-were conquered in one campaign. After taking part
-in these splendid achievements, the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> marched
-into quarters at Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1707</div>
-
-<p>The regiment was in the field during the campaign
-of 1707; but the French avoided an engagement, and
-nothing of importance occurred.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1708</div>
-
-<p>In the spring of 1708 the King of France fitted out a
-fleet, and prepared a land force for the invasion of Great
-Britain in favour of the Pretender, and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-were ordered to return to England to repel the invaders:
-they arrived at Tynemouth on the 21st of March; but the
-French fleet having been chased from the British coast by
-the English navy, the regiment returned to Flanders.</p>
-
-<p>After remaining a few weeks at Ghent, the regiment
-joined the army in the field, and took part in achieving
-another victory over the armies of Louis XIV., in the
-fields near <em>Oudenarde</em>, on the 11th of July. The
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> formed part of a division of twenty battalions
-commanded by the Duke of Argyle, which
-traversed the Scheldt by the pontoon bridge between
-Oudenarde and the abbey of Eename, ascended the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>
-heights of Bevere, and, inclining to the right, engaged
-the enemy in the open grounds beyond the rivulet;
-when a fierce conflict of musketry ensued, and the
-French were driven from field to field, with great
-slaughter, until the darkness of the night rendered it
-impossible to distinguish friends from foes, when the
-troops were directed to cease firing. The wreck of the
-French army made a precipitate retreat.</p>
-
-<p>The siege of the important fortress of <em>Lisle</em> was afterwards
-undertaken, and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were selected
-to take part in this gigantic enterprise, which excited
-universal attention throughout Europe; the strength
-of the place,&mdash;the garrison consisting of fifteen thousand
-men under the celebrated Marshal Boufflers, and being
-provided with everything necessary for a protracted
-defence,&mdash;gave an interesting character to this undertaking.</p>
-
-<p>When the besieging army appeared before Lisle, the
-French out-guards retired, and <em>Serjeant Littler</em> of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment swam across the river with a
-hatchet, and cut the fastenings which held up a drawbridge
-to enable a party to pass the stream, for which
-act of gallantry he was rewarded with a commission in
-the third foot, or the Buffs.</p>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment took its turn of duty in the
-trenches and shared in the attacks during the siege of
-Lisle, evincing, on all occasions, the same heroic gallantry
-for which it had previously been distinguished.
-It had one serjeant and eleven rank and file killed,
-and four serjeants and fifty rank and file wounded, at
-the storming of the counterscarp; and sustained severe
-loss on several other occasions. Numerous difficulties
-had to be overcome in carrying on this siege; but the
-skill, valour, and perseverance of the officers and soldiers<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>
-of the allied army, overcame every obstacle, and on the
-9th of December the citadel surrendered.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1709</div>
-
-<p>After reposing a few weeks in quarters, and receiving
-a draft of recruits from England, the regiment advanced
-up the country, and was encamped with the army on
-the Upper Dyle; it was subsequently employed in
-covering the siege of <em>Tournay</em>, and after the surrender
-of the town, on the 29th of July, 1708, the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-were selected to take part in the siege of the citadel.
-This proved a difficult service, in consequence of the
-extensive subterraneous works by which the fortress
-was surrounded. The approaches were carried on
-underground, and the working parties frequently penetrated
-the subterraneous labyrinths of the castle, and,
-encountering detachments of the enemy, fought underground
-with sword, pistol, and bayonet. Several
-parties were destroyed by the mines; but the works
-were persevered in, and the garrison surrendered in
-the beginning of September.</p>
-
-<p>After the capture of Tournay the army marched
-towards Mons; but finding a numerous French force,
-under Marshals Villars and Boufflers, in position at
-<em>Malplaquet</em>, the enemy was attacked in his fortified
-post on the morning of the 11th of September, and the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> had the honor to contribute to the gaining
-of another victory over the armies of France. On this
-occasion, the regiment was formed in brigade with the
-Buffs and the regiments of Temple and Evans (afterwards
-disbanded), and was engaged in the attack of the
-woods in which the enemy's left wing was posted, and
-in its advance it encountered entrenchments and
-breastworks bristling with bayonets, and emitting a
-storm of musket-shot and cannon-balls, which thinned
-the British ranks. The leading corps were repulsed;
-but, fresh troops arriving, a general attack was made<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>
-with so much resolution that the French were driven
-from their entrenchments into the wood, where a sharp
-fire of musketry was kept up, and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were
-engaged among the trees. Finally the French were
-overpowered at every part of the field, and forced to
-retreat.</p>
-
-<p>The regiment had about fifty men killed and
-wounded; and Captain Ayloffe, Lieutenants Macrath,
-Whiting, and Lawder wounded. It was afterwards
-employed in covering the siege of <em>Mons</em>, and passed the
-winter in quarters at Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1710</div>
-
-<p>Having received another draft of recruits, the regiment
-marched in April, 1710, to the vicinity of Tournay,
-where the army was directed to assemble; its
-services were connected with the forcing of the enemy's
-fortified lines at <em>Pont-à-Vendin</em>; it also formed part of
-the covering army during the siege of <em>Douay</em>, which
-fortress surrendered on the 27th of June. The regiment
-was afterwards employed in covering the siege of
-<em>Bethune</em>, and this fortress was captured before the end
-of August. The French army avoiding a general
-engagement, the fortresses of <em>Aire</em> and <em>St. Venant</em> were
-besieged at the same time, and after the capture of
-these towns, the regiment returned to Ghent.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1711</div>
-
-<p>Brigadier-General Godfrey withdrew from the service,
-and was succeeded in the colonelcy of the regiment
-by Brigadier-General Henry Durell, from the foot
-guards, by commission dated the 17th of February,
-1711.</p>
-
-<p>In the campaign of this year the regiment shared in
-the operations by which the boasted impregnable lines,
-prepared by the French to arrest the progress of the
-allied armies, were passed at <em>Arleux</em>, on the 5th of
-August, and it was subsequently engaged in the siege
-of the strong fortress of <em>Bouchain</em>,&mdash;services which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>
-called forth all the powers of the active mind of the
-Duke of Marlborough, who proved himself superior to
-the French generals in all the qualities which constitute
-a great commander. Bouchain having been
-captured, the regiment was placed in garrison for the
-winter.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1712</div>
-
-<p>Once more taking the field in April, 1712, the regiment
-joined the army near Tournay, from whence it
-marched to the vicinity of Bouchain, and was
-encamped at Cateau-Cambresis during the siege of
-<em>Quesnoy</em> by the Germans; it brought six hundred and
-eighty-one rank and file into the field. The garrison
-of <em>Quesnoy</em> surrendered on the 4th of July; and soon
-afterwards a suspension of arms was proclaimed preparatory
-to a treaty of peace, and the British troops
-withdrew to the vicinity of Ghent, from whence the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were detached to Dunkirk, which city the
-French monarch delivered into the hands of the British,
-as a pledge of his sincerity in the negotiations for
-peace.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1713</div>
-
-<p>On the 1st of December, 1712, Brigadier-General
-Durell died, and Queen Anne conferred the colonelcy
-of the regiment on Brigadier-General Hans Hamilton,
-from the thirty-fourth regiment, by commission dated
-the 23rd of June, 1713.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1714</div>
-
-<p>The regiment was stationed at Dunkirk until April,
-1714, when it embarked for Scotland, and, landing at
-Leith, relieved the twenty-fifth regiment, which was
-ordered to embark for Ireland. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were
-stationed at Stirling in September, 1714, with the
-Inniskilling dragoons, when the arrival in London of
-King George I. from Hanover, was celebrated with
-public rejoicings.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1715</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1715 the colonelcy of the regiment
-was conferred on the Lieut.-Colonel, Richard<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>
-Viscount Irving, in succession to Brigadier-General
-Hamilton.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1716</div>
-
-<p>A rebellion in favour of the Pretender broke out in
-Scotland in the autumn of this year, and the Earl of
-Mar headed the insurgent clans; but the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-did not take the field: the protection of Fort William
-was entrusted to their charge; and they were in garrison
-at this place in the early part of 1716, when the
-rebellion was suppressed by the troops under the Duke
-of Argyle.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1717<br />1724</div>
-
-<p>In December, 1717, Viscount Irving was removed to
-the second horse, now first dragoon guards, and was
-succeeded by Lieut.-Colonel John Cholmeley; and this
-officer dying in April, 1724, King George I. conferred
-the colonelcy on Henry Earl of Deloraine (son of James
-Duke of Monmouth), from the Scots troop of horse-grenadier-guards.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1725<br />1727</div>
-
-<p>The regiment was employed on home service in Great
-Britain during the whole of the reign of King George
-I.; it was one of the corps selected to proceed to
-Holland in 1727, to assist the Dutch in their war with
-the Imperialists; but no embarkation took place.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1730</div>
-
-<p>On the 9th of July, 1730, the Earl of Deloraine was
-removed to the seventh horse, now sixth dragoon-guards,
-and the colonelcy of the regiment was conferred
-by King George II. on Colonel Roger Handasyd, from
-the twenty-second regiment.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1737</div>
-
-<p>In 1737 the British merchants complained of the
-depredations committed on their vessels by the
-Spaniards in South America. A Convention was entered
-into between the two Crowns, which was, however,
-violated by the Spaniards in many instances.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1739</div>
-
-<p>On the 23rd of October, 1739, a declaration of war
-against Spain was proclaimed, when the establishment
-of the regiment was augmented.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1740</div>
-
-<p>In the summer of 1740 the regiment pitched its
-tents near Newbury, where an encampment was formed
-of two regiments of horse, three of dragoons, and four
-of infantry, under Lieut.-General Wade. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-left the camp and embarked on board the fleet,
-where they served as Marines a short time, and afterwards
-landed at Portsmouth. In the autumn they
-furnished a detachment to accompany the expedition to
-the West Indies, under General Lord Cathcart, who
-died on the passage.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1741</div>
-
-<p>The expedition arrived at Jamaica in January, 1741,
-and the detachment of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> was employed
-in the attempt on <em>Carthagena</em>, the capital of an extensive
-and wealthy province in the country of Terra Firma,
-in South America. The violent periodical rains
-occurred before the conquest was achieved, and the
-armament proved of insufficient strength to capture the
-place; the country became deluged with water, the
-health of the soldiers was seriously impaired, and the
-enterprise was abandoned. The detachment of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> was nearly annihilated by disease.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1742</div>
-
-<p>In this year the war of the Austrian succession
-commenced; and in 1742 a British army proceeded to
-Flanders to support the interests of the Archduchess,
-Maria Theresa; but the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were employed on
-home service.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1745</div>
-
-<p>Charles Edward, eldest son of the Pretender, arrived
-in Scotland in the summer of 1745, and being joined
-by a number of the Highland clans, he made a desperate
-effort to overthrow the existing government, and to
-procure the accession of his father to the throne. At
-first some partial successes were gained by the insurgents;
-but the British nation evinced firmness and
-decision in supporting the rights of their sovereign, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>
-in preserving the constitutional privileges of the people.
-The services of the regiment were, at this period,
-limited to the south of England, where a body of
-troops was held in readiness to repel a menaced
-invasion by the French.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1746</div>
-
-<p>In January, 1746, the royal troops, under Lieut.-General
-Hawley, were defeated by the Clans, on Falkirk
-moor, and additional forces were ordered to proceed to
-Scotland. In March the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment embarked
-from Gravesend, with several other corps, for
-Edinburgh, and arrived at Leith as the guns of Edinburgh
-castle were firing for the decisive victory gained
-over the clans at Culloden. The regiment waited a
-few days on board the transports, until the return of
-an express from the army, when it received orders to
-sail northwards, and landed at the royal burgh of
-Nairn on the 1st of May. It was subsequently stationed
-at Elgin, &amp;c.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1747</div>
-
-<p>The regiment remained in Scotland, and in the
-summer of 1747 it was encamped in a valley environed
-by lofty mountains, near Fort Augustus.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1748<br />1749</div>
-
-<p>The war on the Continent terminated in 1748; and
-in the following year the regiment was reduced in
-numbers to the peace establishment, and sent to Ireland,
-where it was stationed nearly twenty years.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1751</div>
-
-<p>On the 1st of July, 1751, King George II. issued a
-warrant for establishing uniformity in the clothing,
-standards, and colours of the several regiments of the
-regular army; and in this warrant the uniform of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, or Lieut.-General Roger Handasyd's regiment,
-was directed to be red, faced with <em>yellow</em>.<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a> The<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>
-first, or the King's colour, to be the great Union: the
-second, or regimental colour, to be of yellow silk, with
-the Union in the upper canton; in the centre of the
-colours, the rank of the regiment, in gold Roman characters,
-within a wreath of roses and thistles on the
-same stalk.</p>
-
-<p>At this period the soldiers of the regiment wore
-three-cornered cocked hats, bound with white lace, and
-ornamented with a white loop and a black cockade;
-red waistcoats; red breeches; white gaiters reaching
-above the knee, and fastened below the knee with a
-black garter; and white cravats; they also wore buff
-cross-belts.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1755<br />1756<br />1757<br />1758<br />1760</div>
-
-<p>The undetermined extent of the British territory in
-North America gave rise to hostilities with France in
-1755, and the establishment of the army was considerably
-augmented in that and the two following
-years. Several expeditions were also fitted out; but
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment was detained on home service
-in Ireland. In 1760 a plan was formed for attacking
-the French island of Belleisle, and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>,
-mustering seven hundred men, under Lieut.-Colonel
-Gabbet, embarked on board of the fleet; but the enterprise
-was laid aside in consequence of the death of
-King George II., and the regiment returned to Ireland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1762</div>
-
-<p>On the termination of the war in 1762, the regiment
-was again reduced to the peace establishment.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1763</div>
-
-<p>General Roger Handasyd died in January, 1763, and
-in June King George III. conferred the colonelcy of the
-regiment on the Honorable Robert Brudenell, third
-son of George Earl of Cardigan, from captain and
-lieut.-colonel in the third foot guards.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1765</div>
-
-<p>In 1765 Colonel Brudenell was removed to the
-Fourth regiment of foot, and was succeeded in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>
-colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, by Colonel William Draper,
-who had commanded one of the regiments raised
-in 1757, and numbered the Seventy-ninth regiment,
-which was disbanded in 1763.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1766</div>
-
-<p>Colonel Draper was honoured with the dignity of a
-Knight of the Bath, and in 1766 he exchanged to the
-colonelcy of one of the corps disbanded in 1763 (the
-121st regiment) with Colonel James Gisborne, who
-was performing the duty of Quartermaster-General
-in Ireland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1767</div>
-
-<p>The regiment embarked from Ireland in 1767, for
-North America, and was stationed in the pleasant and
-fertile territory of Florida, which had been ceded to
-Great Britain, by the Spaniards, in 1763, in exchange
-for the Havannah.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1768</div>
-
-<p>The head-quarters were established at Pensacola,&mdash;a
-town of West Florida, situate at the head of a
-delightful bay, or basin, in the Gulf of Mexico; and
-the regiment furnished various detachments to occupy
-military stations in East and West Florida.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1775<br />1776<br />1777</div>
-
-<p>In these pleasant and healthy quarters the regiment
-was stationed when a number of the British colonies
-in North America revolted, and declared themselves a
-free and independent people, under the title of the
-United States. This occurred in 1775, and in the following
-year the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were withdrawn from Florida,
-to join the army at New York, under Lieut.-General
-Sir William Howe; but the necessity of having a small
-force in the ceded Spanish province was evident, and
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> having, during their residence of eight
-years in East and West Florida, acquired the confidence
-of the inhabitants and a knowledge of the country,
-and of the habits and language of the people, the
-regiment received orders to return to Pensacola, and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>
-other stations in East and West Florida, and on the
-confines of Georgia.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1778</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General Gisborne died on the 20th of February,
-1778, and King George III. conferred the colonelcy on
-Major-General James Robertson, from Colonel Commandant
-of the second battalion of the Sixtieth, who
-had previously performed the duties of Lieut.-Colonel
-of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, many years, with reputation.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1778<br />1779</div>
-
-<p>Had the British revolted provinces been left unaided
-by European states, they would, doubtless, have been
-reduced to submission; but in 1778 the French monarch
-sent a numerous fleet and an army to their assistance;
-and in 1779 the court of Spain commenced
-hostilities against Great Britain, and this example was
-followed by the Dutch.</p>
-
-<p>Don Bernard de Galvez, governor of the Spanish
-province of Louisiana, assembled a numerous force, and
-suddenly invaded the British territories on the banks
-of the Mississippi; and Lieut.-Colonel Dickson, of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, who commanded the troops in that district,
-being unable to oppose the invading army, withdrew
-to <em>Baton Rouge</em>, where he caused a redoubt to be constructed,
-which was scarcely completed when the
-Spanish army advanced in force against this post,
-which was invested on the 12th of September. On
-the 21st the enemy opened a battery of heavy cannon
-against the works, which were so much damaged in
-a few hours, that Colonel Dickson was obliged to surrender.
-The garrison, consisting of a detachment of
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, Sixtieth, and of the Waldeck regiments,
-was sent prisoners of war to New Orleans, and afterwards
-exchanged.</p>
-
-<p>The French armament, under the Comte d'Estaing,
-approached the city and port of <em>Savannah</em> in Chatham<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span>
-county, in the state of Georgia, early in September,
-and a detachment of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, commanded
-by Major Graham, formed part of the force
-under Major-General Prevost, which defended that
-place. The French troops landed, and were joined by
-an American force under General Lincoln; but they
-encountered a resistance which proved the determined
-valour of the garrison. A detachment from the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> was engaged in a sally on the 24th of
-September, under Major Graham of the regiment, and
-this service was performed with judgment and bravery.
-"Major Graham artfully drew the enemy into a snare,
-by which the French and Americans fired on each
-other, and had fifty men killed before the mistake
-was discovered."<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> Before daylight on the 9th of
-October, the French and Americans made a desperate
-effort to capture the place by storm; but were repulsed
-at every point with severe loss. They afterwards
-raised the siege and retired.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1781</div>
-
-<p>In 1781 the Spaniards sent a numerous sea and land
-force against Florida, under Don Bernard de Galvez, and
-the invading army commenced operations by an attack
-upon the works defending <em>Pensacola</em>, where a detachment
-of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment was stationed. From
-the strength of the Spanish force, mustering nine
-thousand men, and a numerous fleet, at the same time
-the British garrison only amounted to twelve hundred
-men, the reduction of the place appeared inevitable; yet
-a gallant defence was made, and the soldiers displayed
-that innate bravery and resolution for which British
-troops have always been distinguished. On the morning
-of the 8th of May a shell burst near the door of the
-magazine of the advanced redoubt, set fire to the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>
-powder, and the redoubt and its garrison were destroyed
-by the explosion, excepting a few men, who were forced
-to retire, after spiking the guns. The Spaniards
-carried the redoubt, and threatened to storm the
-remaining works; but were intimidated by the determined
-bearing of the garrison. The British commander,
-Major-General John Campbell, afterwards
-agreed to surrender, on condition that the garrison
-should march out with the honours of war, and be sent
-to a part belonging to Great Britain, but not serve
-against the Spaniards, or their allies, until exchanged.
-The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> had Lieutenant Edward Carroll and
-seven soldiers killed; Captain Anthony Foster and
-five soldiers wounded. Pensacola was a flourishing
-place while under the British; but it declined after it
-was taken by the Spaniards.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1782</div>
-
-<p>The regiment having sustained severe loss from
-various services in Florida, Georgia, and South Carolina,
-where detachments had been employed, it was
-ordered to return to Europe, and arrived in England in
-March, 1782.</p>
-
-<p>In August the regiment received directions to assume
-the title of the <span class="smcap">sixteenth, or the Buckingham</span> Regiment,
-and to cultivate a connection with the respectable
-inhabitants of that county, which might be useful
-towards recruiting the regiment.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote"><ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text did not have this sidenote for '1783'">1783</ins></div>
-
-<p>The American War terminated in 1782; and the regiment
-was placed upon a peace establishment in 1783.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1784</div>
-
-<p>In 1784 it embarked for Ireland, where it was stationed
-several years under the orders of Lieut.-Colonel
-James Henry Craig, an officer of great zeal and ability.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1788</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General Robertson, died on the 4th of March,
-1788, and was succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General
-the Honorable Thomas Bruce, from the late<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span>
-100th regiment, which was reduced after the termination
-of the American War.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1790<br />1791</div>
-
-<p>On the 18th of August, 1790, the regiment embarked
-from Ireland for Nova Scotia, and in 1791 it was
-removed to the island of Jamaica, where it remained
-five years.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1793<br />1794</div>
-
-<p>A revolution broke out in France, and the republican
-principles which filled that kingdom with anarchy,
-confusion, and bloodshed, soon extended to the French
-West India Settlements, where the blacks and mulattoes
-rose in arms against the European planters, and filled
-the islands with rapine and devastation. Many of the
-respectable inhabitants of the French island of <em>St.
-Domingo</em> solicited the protection of the British government
-against the fury of the blacks, and a detachment
-of British troops proceeded to their aid, from Jamaica,
-in 1793. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment furnished a portion
-of this detachment, but the climate of St. Domingo
-proved injurious to the health of the British troops,
-and the whole of the party of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> died of a
-pestilential fever, excepting Lieutenant Vernon and
-one serjeant, who rejoined the regiment at Jamaica.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1795</div>
-
-<p>The island of Jamaica was taken from the Spaniards,
-by an English armament in 1655 (during the commonwealth
-under Cromwell), when the slaves belonging
-to the Spanish planters fled to the mountains, where
-they lived in savage independence, and were called
-"Maroons." They procured arms, became expert
-marksmen, and frequently committed outrages against
-the British inhabitants. In 1738 a treaty was concluded
-with them, and they received a grant of land;
-but the pernicious doctrines of the French republicans
-were circulated among the Maroons, who were joined
-by a number of runaway slaves, and commenced hostilities<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>
-against the English in 1795. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-served in the <em>Maroon war</em>, when the soldiers encountered
-many difficulties, and at first sustained some reverses,
-from the difficult nature of the mountainous districts
-into which they had to penetrate, and from the expert
-character of the Maroon warriors in bush-fighting
-among rocks and dells covered with trees and underwood.
-A detachment of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> was first called
-into action; and in October the regiment, commanded
-by Major John Skinner, who held the local rank of
-Colonel, was called into the field. This officer had
-served many years in the regiment; he had distinguished
-himself in the American war, while serving
-with Tarleton's Legion, with which corps he was
-present at numerous engagements, and on joining the
-field force in the Maroon war, his presence inspired the
-troops with confidence. Offensive operations were
-conducted with prudence and skill, and by a strict
-combination in the movements of the troops employed,
-united with valour and discipline, the Maroons were
-driven from their mountain-fastnesses, and chased from
-post to post, until they were forced to submit. In performing
-this service, the soldiers underwent great
-fatigue and privation, and they conquered the Maroons
-in a part of the island where no European had ever
-before thought of penetrating. Captain Drummond, of
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, distinguished himself in this war.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1796</div>
-
-<p>The Maroons tendered their submission in March,
-1796, and they were afterwards removed from the island.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1797</div>
-
-<p>Having become considerably reduced in numbers, the
-regiment returned to England, towards the close of
-this year, and was stationed a short time at Greenwich,
-from whence it embarked for Scotland, early in 1797;
-at the same time it was ordered to recruit with boys.</p>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General the Honorable Thomas Bruce having<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span>
-died, he was succeeded in the colonelcy by Major-General
-Henry Bowyer, from the Eighty-ninth regiment,
-by commission dated the 15th of December, 1797.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1798</div>
-
-<p>The regiment was quartered in Fifeshire, under the
-orders of Major John Skinner, and afterwards proceeded
-to Fort George; Lieut.-Colonel Hugh Wallace assuming
-the command. The boys were transferred to the
-Thirty-fourth and Sixty-fifth regiments, under orders
-for India, and the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were completed by
-volunteers from the English militia, principally limited
-service men.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1799</div>
-
-<p>In 1799 the regiment embarked from Scotland for
-London, from whence it proceeded to Margate, to join
-the expedition to Holland, under His Royal Highness
-the Duke of York; but the order to proceed on this
-service was countermanded, and the regiment was
-stationed a few months at Horsham in Sussex.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1800<br />1801</div>
-
-<p>Embarking from Portsmouth in 1800, the regiment
-sailed to Cork, and was stationed in the south of
-Ireland; where Lieut.-Colonel St. John Fancourt
-joined <ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text: 'and assume the'">and assumed the</ins> command in 1801.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1802</div>
-
-<p>At the conclusion of the peace of Amiens in 1802,
-the limited service men were discharged; and the
-regiment was completed from disbanded fencible and
-militia corps.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1803</div>
-
-<p>War was resumed in 1803; and Lieut.-Colonel
-Fancourt having been removed to the Thirty-fourth
-regiment, the command of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> devolved on
-Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Skinner.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1804</div>
-
-<p>On the 7th of January, 1804, the regiment embarked
-from Monkstown, for the West Indies, and arrived at
-Barbadoes on the 26th of March. It was immediately
-ordered to hold itself in readiness to proceed with the
-expedition under Major-General Sir Charles Green and
-Commodore Samuel Hood, against the Dutch colony of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>
-<em>Surinam</em>, in Guiana, in South America. This colony was
-ceded to the Dutch, by King Charles II., in exchange for
-New York, in North America; it was captured by the
-British in 1799, and restored at the peace of Amiens
-in 1802.</p>
-
-<p>On the 7th of April, 1804, the expedition sailed from
-Barbadoes, and a landing was effected on the 26th of
-that month; the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> were actively employed in
-operations, until the surrender of the colony on the
-4th of May.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1806</div>
-
-<p>While the regiment was at Surinam, the post occupied
-by a detachment of the light company and a few
-men of the fourth West India regiment, commanded by
-Lieutenant Richard Greene, of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, at
-<em>Armena</em>, was attacked by a large force of predatory
-negroes and banditti, and defended with great gallantry,
-the greater part of the garrison being killed in the
-successful resistance made to the assailants. The inhabitants
-of the colony afterwards presented Lieutenant
-Greene with a valuable sword, in token of their sense
-of his conduct.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1807</div>
-
-<p>In 1807 Lieut.-Colonel Skinner was succeeded in
-the duties of commanding officer by Major Brabazon
-Dean Vernon.<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a></p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1808</div>
-
-<p>On the decease of General Bowyer, in 1808, King
-George III. conferred the colonelcy on Major-General
-Sir Charles Green, Bart., from the York light infantry
-volunteers.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1809</div>
-
-<p>In May, 1809, His Majesty was graciously pleased to
-approve of the regiment being styled the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>,
-or the <span class="fs70">BEDFORDSHIRE</span>, instead of the <em>Buckinghamshire</em>,
-Regiment: this exchange of County titles took place
-with the Fourteenth Regiment of Foot.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1810</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-Colonel Henry Tolley assumed the command
-of the regiment, in June, 1810.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1811<br />1812</div>
-
-<p>During its stay at Surinam and Barbadoes, the
-regiment lost twenty-seven officers and upwards of five
-hundred men by disease. The survivors returned to
-England by detachments in 1810, 1811, and 1812, and
-landed at Falmouth and Portsmouth. One ship, the
-"Islam," having on board the remainder of the grenadiers
-and of one battalion company, was wrecked on the
-Tuscan Rock off the coast of Ireland. By the exertions of
-some workmen, who were making preparations to erect
-a lighthouse on the rock, all were saved excepting one
-man, one woman, and some children; all the arms,
-appointments, and baggage were lost. On the following
-day the party was taken off the rock by a brig,
-and conveyed to Beaumaris in Wales.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1813</div>
-
-<p>After occupying quarters at various stations, and
-receiving many volunteers from the English and Irish
-militia, the regiment marched to Sunderland in July;
-and in March, 1813, embarked from thence for Perth:
-in July of this year it proceeded to Ireland.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1814</div>
-
-<p>Sir Charles Green, Baronet, was removed to the
-Thirty-seventh regiment in February, 1814, when
-His Royal Highness the Prince Regent, conferred
-the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> on Lieut.-General
-Sir George Prevost, from the Seventy-sixth regiment.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p>
-
-<p>During this period the war was continued in Europe,
-and British troops were acquiring laurels under the
-Duke of Wellington: at the same time the measures pursued
-to counteract the decrees made by Napoleon, Emperor
-of the French, for the destruction of the commerce
-of Great Britain, brought on a war between the British
-Crown and the United States of North America; and
-in the spring of this year the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> embarked
-from Monkstown to join the British troops in Canada.
-The regiment was commanded by Colonel Tolley, and
-arriving at Quebec on the 29th of May, was stationed
-a short period at that fortress; it was afterwards
-removed to Chambly, from whence it proceeded to
-Montreal. The British troops having failed in the
-attack of the American post at Plattsburg, the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-were relieved from duty at Montreal, sent to
-the upper province, and stationed at Fort Wellington.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1815</div>
-
-<p>A treaty of peace having been concluded with the
-Americans, the regiment was ordered to return to
-Europe; it sailed from Quebec in July, and arrived at
-Portsmouth in August. The return of Buonaparte to
-France,&mdash;his reassumption of the imperial dignity,&mdash;his
-overthrow at Waterloo, and surrender to a British
-man-of-war, had occurred while the regiment was in
-Canada, and on the passage to Europe; on its arrival
-at Portsmouth, it was ordered to proceed to the Continent,
-to join the army commanded by the Duke of
-Wellington. The regiment landed at Ostend, and
-marching to Paris, encamped at St. Denis.</p>
-
-<p>On the conclusion of the definitive treaties of peace,
-the regiment marched to Calais, where it embarked
-for England, and landing at Dover, remained there
-fourteen days.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1816</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General Sir George Prevost, Baronet, having<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span>
-died, the Prince Regent nominated Major-General
-Hugh Mackay Gordon to the colonelcy of the regiment,
-from the York Chasseurs, by commission dated the 8th
-of January, 1816.</p>
-
-<p>From Dover the regiment embarked for Ireland; it
-landed at Monkstown on the 3rd of February, and was
-stationed successively at Fermoy, Limerick, and Cashel.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenotex">1817<br />1818</div>
-
-<p>In 1817 the regiment was removed to Kilkenny;
-and in 1818 to Athlone.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1819<br />1820</div>
-
-<p>On the 25th of August, 1819, the regiment embarked
-from Cork, under the command of Colonel Tolley, for
-colonial service, and touching at the Cape of Good
-Hope, the flank companies landed, and remained at
-Cape Town a month. The battalion companies continued
-their voyage to Ceylon, and landed at Colombo
-on the 20th of February, 1820, under Major William
-Vandeleur. The flank companies, under Colonel Tolley,
-arrived in March.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1821<br />1822</div>
-
-<p>The regiment remained seventeen months at Colombo,
-where it was joined by one hundred and twenty-eight
-volunteers from the Seventy-third; in August, 1821, it
-marched, under Major Vandeleur, for Kandy, where
-Colonel Tolley resumed the command, and on his
-proceeding on leave of absence, in October, 1822, the
-command devolved on Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Lionel
-Hook.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1823</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-General Gordon died in the spring of 1823,
-and was succeeded in the colonelcy by Lieut.-General
-William Carr, Viscount Beresford, G.C.B., and G.C.H.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1824</div>
-
-<p>In March, 1824, the regiment returned to Colombo,
-where it lost several officers and a number of men by a
-malignant fever.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1825<br />1826</div>
-
-<p>Colonel Tolley was promoted to the rank of Major-General;
-Brevet Lieut.-Colonel Hook was nominated<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span>
-to a Lieut.-Colonelcy in the Ceylon rifle corps; and
-Colonel David Ximenes was appointed Lieut.-Colonel
-of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>; this officer arrived at Colombo in
-March, 1826, and assumed the command of the
-regiment, which marched from Colombo, in July following,
-for Point de Galle.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1827</div>
-
-<p>On the 2nd of July, 1827, Lieutenants Alexander,
-Mylius, and Hyde, Ensigns Cassidi and Hannagan,
-three serjeants, and one hundred and eight rank and
-file, joined from the depôt in England.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1828<br />1829</div>
-
-<p>The regiment, having been appointed to proceed to
-Bengal, was relieved from duty at the island of Ceylon,
-by the Sixty-first, in November, 1828, and embarking
-from thence in four divisions, arrived at Calcutta in
-January, 1829, when Colonel Ximenes was appointed
-to command the garrison of Fort William, and Major
-John W. Adain assumed the command of the regiment;
-which received one hundred and fourteen volunteers
-from the Fifty-ninth, and forty-six from the Thirtieth
-and Forty-seventh regiments. In April Major Adain
-obtained leave to proceed to England, and the command
-of the regiment devolved on Major Adam Gordon
-Campbell, until the arrival of Lieut.-Colonel Lionel
-Smith Hook, in November: this officer was appointed
-to the regiment in February of this year.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1830</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> remained on duty at Calcutta, where,
-in October and November, 1830, they received sixty-four
-volunteers from other corps.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1831</div>
-
-<p>In January, 1831, Colonel Hook was nominated to
-the command of the garrison of Fort William, and
-Major Campbell resumed the command; but on the
-regiment quitting Calcutta, in March following, to
-proceed in steam-boats to Chinsurah, Colonel Hook
-again assumed the command. At this period twenty
-volunteers joined from the Royal regiment.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1832<br />1833<br />1834</div>
-
-<p>The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment remained
-<ins class="corr" title="Transcriber's Note&mdash;Original text: 'at Chinsurha'">at Chinsurah</ins>
-until December, 1833, when it commenced its march
-for Ghazepore: while on the march its destination was
-altered for Cawnpore; and on the 7th of February,
-1834, it had the misfortune to lose its commanding
-officer, Colonel Hook, who died at the camp at Secrole,
-Benares, when the command again devolved on Major
-Campbell: on the 28th of February the regiment
-arrived at Cawnpore.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1835<br />1836</div>
-
-<p>In March, 1835, Captain H. M<sup>c</sup>Manus, Ensigns Henry
-A. O'Molony and Edward Brabazon, two serjeants
-and forty-three rank and file, joined from England.
-Another detachment joined in May; and in March,
-1836, one hundred and six volunteers were received
-from the Thirty-eighth regiment,&mdash;also eighty-four
-recruits from England, under Captain R. Brown,
-Ensigns Hook and Lawson, and Surgeon Steele. They
-were followed by Ensigns G. M. Ross and H. C. M.
-Ximenes, in September.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1837<br />1838</div>
-
-<p>In March, 1837, Lieutenant Gibbs, and thirty-two
-recruits joined; and in May, twenty-two volunteers
-from the Twentieth regiment. Thirty-nine volunteers
-also joined from the Forty-fifth, in April, 1838.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1839<br />1840</div>
-
-<p>On the 24th of December, 1839, the regiment received
-orders to proceed by water to Calcutta; but in January,
-1840, it received orders to disembark at Dinapore, and
-relieve the Forty-ninth regiment, under orders to proceed
-with the expedition to China. The <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-remained at Dinapore until October, when they were
-relieved by a wing of the Twenty-first fusiliers, and
-embarked for the Presidency, where they arrived on
-the 4th of November.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1841</div>
-
-<p>Orders having been issued for the regiment to return
-to England, it transferred a number of volunteers to
-other corps, and embarked, in three divisions, in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>
-December, 1840, and January, 1841, under Lieut.-Colonel
-Campbell, Major H. Clements, and Brevet-Major
-Dalzell; and landing at Gravesend in April following,
-marched from thence to Canterbury, from whence four
-companies were afterwards detached to Dover.</p>
-
-<p>In August the regiment was supplied with new
-<em>Percussion Arms</em>. In December it marched to London,
-and proceeded from thence by railway to Winchester.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1842</div>
-
-<p>Leaving Winchester in April, 1842, the regiment
-proceeded by railway to Gosport, and in August it was
-removed to Portsmouth.</p>
-
-<p>On the 22nd of September <span class="fs70">NEW COLOURS</span> were presented
-to the regiment, on Southsea Common, by the
-Honorable <span class="smcap">Lady Pakenham</span>; the Rev. <span class="smcap">Richard
-Bingham</span> conducted the ceremony of consecration; and
-the regiment was afterwards addressed by Major-General
-the Honorable <span class="smcap">Sir Hercules R. Pakenham</span>,
-K.C.B., commanding the South-west District, who
-detailed, in a very impressive manner, the ancient
-achievements of the corps. A large assemblage of
-nobility and gentry were present at the ceremony, and
-were afterwards entertained by the officers at a déjeuné
-and ball.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1843</div>
-
-<p>The regiment proceeded from Portsmouth to Manchester,
-in May, 1843, and from thence to Ireland in
-July. During the remainder of the year it was
-stationed at Newbridge and Birr.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1844</div>
-
-<p>From Birr the regiment marched, in February, 1844,
-to Naas, and in March removed to Dublin, where it
-remained until December, when the regiment proceeded
-to Cork.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1845</div>
-
-<p>In June, 1845, the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment marched to
-Buttevant, and in October to Cork, for the purpose of
-proceeding on foreign service.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1846</div>
-
-<p>The service companies of the regiment, under the
-command of Lieut.-Colonel Henry M<sup>c</sup>Manus, embarked
-at Cork for Gibraltar, on the 17th and 19th
-January, 1846, in the freight ships Cressy and Earl
-Grey, and arrived at Gibraltar on the 11th February.
-The depôt companies marched from Buttevant to Birr,
-in April, 1846, and proceeded in November to Fermoy.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1847</div>
-
-<p>On the 9th of March, 1847, the regiment, under the
-command of Lieut.-Colonel M<sup>c</sup>Manus, embarked in
-Her Majesty's ship Belleisle for Corfu, where it arrived
-on the 27th March; and on its embarkation for the
-Ionian Islands, a favourable report was received by the
-Adjutant-General from the Governor of Gibraltar,
-General Sir Robert Wilson, who stated, that the corps
-was "<em>very efficient and soldier-like</em>," and that it was
-"<em>distinguished by very commendable conduct throughout its
-service in the garrison</em>."</p>
-
-<p>The depôt companies marched from Fermoy to
-Youghal in September, 1847.</p>
-
-<div class="sidenote">1848</div>
-
-<p>Lieut.-Colonel M<sup>c</sup>Manus retired on half-pay on
-the 10th March, 1848, and Major Robert Luxmoore
-was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel; Captain
-Charles Grey succeeded to the Majority.</p>
-
-<p>In April, 1848, the depôt companies proceeded to
-Cork, and embarked for Guernsey on the 4th May,
-where they are now stationed.</p>
-
-<p>On the 1st June, 1848, the date to which the Record
-has been continued, the service companies were
-stationed at Corfu, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel
-Robert Luxmoore.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p4" />
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="pfs120">1848</p>
-<hr class="r10a" />
-<p class="p4" />
-
-
-<div class="figcenter pg-brk">
-<a name="Plate_34" id="Plate_34"></a>
-<img src="images/i_b_034fp-a.jpg" width="650" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-SIXTEENTH REGIMENT.<br />
-QUEEN'S COLOUR.</div>
-</div>
-
-
-<div class="figcenter pg-brk">
-<img src="images/i_b_034fp-b.jpg" width="650" alt="" />
-<div class="caption">
-REGIMENTAL COLOUR.
-<p class="pfs70">FOR CANNON'S MILITARY RECORDS</p>
-<p class="fs70"><em>Madeley lith 3 Wellington S<sup>t</sup> Strand</em></p>
-</div></div>
-
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span></p>
-
-<h2 class="large lsp">SUCCESSION OF COLONELS</h2>
-
-<p class="pfs60">OF</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs135">THE SIXTEENTH,</p>
-
-<p class="p1 pfs60">OR</p>
-
-<p class="pfs120">THE BEDFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.</p>
-
-<p class="p2" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-<hr class="r30a" />
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Archibald Douglas</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 9th October, 1688</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Archibald Douglas</span> was many years an officer in the First,
-or the Royal regiment of foot, with which corps he served in
-France and Germany, when that veteran Scots regiment was
-in the service of Louis XIV.; but it was withdrawn from the
-army of the French monarch in 1678, from which period it
-has been on the British establishment. He was captain of
-one of the companies of the Royal regiment sent to the relief
-of Tangier, in Africa, when that fortress was besieged by the
-Moors in 1680, and he was wounded in the general engagement
-on the 27th of September, 1680, when the Moorish
-army was overthrown. He was subsequently promoted to
-the lieutenant-colonelcy of his regiment; and he commanded
-the companies of his corps at the battle of Sedgemoor, on the
-6th of July, 1685, where he distinguished himself. King
-James II. placed great confidence in the loyalty of Colonel
-Douglas, and when His Majesty's power was menaced by the
-armament under the Prince of Orange, the King nominated
-this distinguished Scots officer to raise a regiment, now the
-<span class="smcap">Sixteenth</span> foot, of which he was appointed colonel. At the
-Revolution in 1688, he withdrew from the service, and was
-not afterwards employed under the British crown. In consequence
-of a mark on his countenance, he was sometimes
-called <em>Spot</em>.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Robert Hodges</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 31st December, 1688</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This Officer served with the army of Louis XIV. in Germany,
-as ensign and lieutenant in the Royal regiment of foot, and in
-1678, when a grenadier company was added to the regiment,
-it was placed under his orders, and he was promoted to the
-rank of captain. The Scots grenadiers under his orders were
-selected to proceed to the relief of Tangier, and in an account
-of an action on the 20th of September, 1680, with the Moorish
-lancers, it is recorded&mdash;"The grenadiers, under Captain
-Hodges, behaved themselves very bravely." He also distinguished
-himself in a skirmish on the 22nd of September;
-and in the general attack on the Moorish lines, on the 27th of
-that month, he led the assault at the head of his grenadiers,
-and evinced great gallantry. He was subsequently promoted
-to the majority of the Royal regiment, and in December, 1688,
-the Prince of Orange conferred on him the colonelcy of the
-corps which is now the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment. He served
-the campaign of 1689, in the Netherlands, under Prince
-Waldeck, and evinced great courage and ability in command
-of a detachment of infantry placed in front of the confederate
-army at Walcourt, when attacked by the French, under
-Marshal d'Humières, on the 25th of August. He served the
-campaigns of 1691 and 1692, under King William III., and
-was killed by a cannon-ball at the battle of Steenkirk, on the
-3rd of August, 1692.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Honorable James Stanley</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 1st August, 1692</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Honorable James Stanley</span>, third son of Charles
-eighth Earl of Derby, was an adherent of the principles of
-the Revolution of 1688, and a member of the Convention of
-Parliament which conferred the crown on the Prince and
-Princess of Orange. He procured a commission in the first
-foot guards, in which corps he obtained the rank of captain and
-lieut.-colonel; he served several campaigns in Flanders under
-King William III., and on 1st August, 1692, His Majesty,
-in his camp at Lambeque, promoted him, from lieutenant-colonel<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span>
-of the foot guards, to the command of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-regiment of foot, in succession to Colonel Hodges, who was
-killed at the battle of Steenkirk. He was also one of the grooms
-of the bed-chamber to King William III. On the decease
-of his brother, in 1702, he succeeded to the dignity of Earl
-of Derby. On the 10th June, 1702, he was constituted Lord-Lieutenant
-of North Wales and of the County of Lancaster;
-and in the following year he had a patent to be Vice-Admiral
-of the said County during Queen Anne's reign. The Earl of
-Derby resigned his military appointments in 1705, and on
-10th June, 1706, was sworn at Windsor, by her Majesty's
-command, one of the Privy Council, and at the same time
-Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster. At her Majesty's
-coronation, on 23rd April, 1702, he carried one of the Three
-Swords of State, as he did also at the coronation of King
-George I., on the 20th October, 1714. At the change of the
-administration in 1710, he was removed from his posts, and
-from that of Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Lancaster, but
-was again constituted Lord-Lieutenant of that County on the
-5th August, 1714. On 23rd September, 1715, he was appointed
-Captain of the Yeomen of the Guard. He died at
-Knowsley, on Sunday, 1st February, 1736.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Francis Godfrey</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 25th May, 1705</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer was nephew to the great Duke of Marlborough;<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a>
-he held a commission in the foot guards, in the time of King
-William III., and was promoted to captain and lieut.-colonel,
-and he served several campaigns in the Netherlands under his
-uncle. In 1705 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, and in 1710 he was advanced to the
-rank of brigadier-general; in 1711 he disposed of the colonelcy
-of the regiment. He died on the 6th of October, 1712.</p>
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span></p>
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Henry Durell</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 17th February, 1711</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer held a commission in the foot guards, in which
-corps he rose to the rank of captain and lieut.-colonel. He
-served at several battles and sieges in the Netherlands and in
-Germany, under the great Duke of Marlborough, and was
-promoted to the rank of brigadier-general in 1710: in 1711 he
-obtained the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment. He commanded
-a brigade in Flanders, in 1712, and was appointed
-Deputy Governor of Dunkirk, when that fortress was delivered
-up to the British troops. He died on the 1st of December,
-1712.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Hans Hamilton</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 23rd June, 1713</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Hans Hamilton</span> was many years an officer of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-regiment, of which corps he was appointed lieut.-colonel,
-and he served three campaigns under the great Duke
-of Marlborough. His meritorious conduct on all occasions
-was rewarded, in 1705, with the colonelcy of the Thirty-fourth
-regiment, which corps he accompanied to Spain, and
-served as quartermaster-general under the Earl of Peterborough
-at the capture of Barcelona, &amp;c. He was promoted
-to the rank of brigadier-general in 1710, and commanded a
-brigade in Flanders at the forcing of the French lines at
-Arleux, and at the siege of Bouchain in 1711. In 1713 he
-was removed to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, but he withdrew
-from the service in 1715, selling his commission. He died
-in 1721.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Richard Viscount Irwin</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 11th July, 1715</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Richard Ingram</span>, Baron Ingram, and <span class="smcap">Viscount Irwin</span>,
-commenced his military service in the life guards, in which
-corps he rose to the rank of lieutenant and lieut.-colonel,
-and was afterwards lieut.-colonel of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment,
-of which corps he was appointed colonel in 1715; at the same
-time he was nominated Governor of Hull. In 1717 he was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span>
-removed to the second horse, now first dragoon guards, and
-three years afterwards he was nominated Governor of Barbadoes;
-but previous to his embarkation he was taken ill of the
-small-pox, of which he died on the 10th of April, 1721.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Cholmeley</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 13th December, 1717</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">James Cholmeley</span> was many years an officer of reputation in
-the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, to the lieut.-colonelcy of which
-corps he was promoted by King George I., in consideration
-of his service in Flanders under the Duke of Marlborough,
-and his excellent conduct on all occasions. In 1717 he was
-promoted to the colonelcy of the regiment. He died in 1724.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Henry, Earl of Deloraine</span>, K.B.,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 7th April, 1724</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Lord Henry Scott</span>, third son of James Duke of Monmouth
-and Anne Duchess of Buccleuch, obtained a commission in
-the army in the reign of William III.; he served with
-reputation in the reign of Queen Anne, obtained the command
-of one of the newly-raised regiments of foot in 1704; and on
-the 29th of March, 1706, he was created Baron Scott of
-Goldielands, Viscount Hermitage, and <span class="smcap">Earl of Deloraine</span>.
-He supported the treaty of union between England and
-Scotland and other measures of the court; in 1715 he was
-chosen one of the sixteen representatives of the Scottish
-peerage; and was re-chosen in 1722, and again in 1727.
-His regiment having been disbanded at the peace of Utrecht,
-he was appointed, on the 1st of June, 1715, colonel of the
-second, or Scots troop of horse grenadier guards, which he
-held two years. In 1724 he obtained the colonelcy of the
-<span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> foot; he was invested with the order of the Bath
-on its revival in 1725; and promoted to the rank of major-general
-in 1726. He was removed to the seventh horse, now
-sixth dragoon guards, or carabineers, in July, 1730. He died
-on the 25th of December following.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Roger Handasyd</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 9th July, 1730</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This Officer obtained a commission in a regiment of foot in
-1694, and served two campaigns under King William III.
-He also served with reputation in the wars of Queen Anne,
-and succeeded his father in the colonelcy of the Twenty-second
-regiment in 1712; in 1730 he was removed to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-regiment. He was promoted to the rank of major-general
-in 1739, and to that of lieut.-general in 1743. He died in
-1763.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Robert Brudenell</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 14th June, 1763</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Robert Brudenell</span>, third son of George
-Earl of Cardigan, was many years a member of Parliament
-for Marlborough, also groom of the bed-chamber to His Royal
-Highness the Duke of York, whose train he bore at the
-coronation of King George III. He was appointed captain
-and lieut.-colonel in the third foot guards, in 1758; promoted
-to the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> in 1763, and
-removed to the fourth, or King's Own regiment, in 1765.
-He died at Windsor, in October, 1768.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir William Draper, K.B.</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 25th June, 1765</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">William Draper</span> was educated at Eton, and at King's
-College, Cambridge, for the Church: but preferring the
-profession of arms, he went to the East Indies, and was
-employed in the service of the Honorable the East India
-Company. He subsequently obtained a commission from the
-King, and on the 2nd of November, 1757, he was promoted
-to lieut.-colonel commandant of the seventy-ninth regiment,
-then raised, with which corps he served in India, and acquired
-the reputation of a brave and meritorious officer. He
-returned to England in 1760, and in 1761 he commanded a
-brigade at the capture of Belleisle. He again proceeded to
-India, and commanded the land forces of the expedition which
-captured Manilla in 1763. His regiment was disbanded soon<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span>
-afterwards; and in 1765 King George III. conferred upon
-him the colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment, from which
-he exchanged, in 1766, to the late 121st regiment. In 1769
-he appeared in a literary character, and answered some of
-Junius's letters; and in the autumn of the same year he proceeded
-to South Carolina. He was promoted to the rank of
-major-general in 1772; to that of lieut.-general in 1777;
-he was honoured with the dignity of a Knight of the Bath,
-and nominated Governor of Yarmouth. He died in 1787.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Gisborne</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 4th March, 1766</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">After a progressive service in the subordinate commissions,
-this officer was appointed lieut.-colonel of the tenth regiment
-in 1755, and he was afterwards employed many years on the
-staff of Ireland, as quartermaster-general in that country.
-In 1762 he was promoted to the colonelcy of the 121st regiment;
-and in 1766 he was removed to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment.
-He was promoted to the rank of major-general in
-1770, and to that of lieut.-general in 1777. He died in 1778.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">James Robertson</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 14th May, 1778</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This Officer entered the army in the reign of King George
-II.; he served in America during the seven years' war, and
-held the appointment of deputy-Quartermaster-general, with
-the rank of lieut.-colonel, under Lieut.-General Sir Jeffrey
-(afterwards Lord) Amherst, who completed the conquest of
-Canada in 1760. In the same year Lieut.-Colonel Robertson
-was appointed to the fifteenth regiment, and in 1768 he was
-removed to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, which corps he commanded in
-Florida several years. On the breaking out of the American
-war, he was again called into active service in that country,
-and in January, 1776, he was appointed colonel commandant
-of the second battalion of the sixtieth regiment, and promoted
-to the local rank of major-general in America: in 1777 he
-obtained the rank of major-general, and in 1778 the
-colonelcy of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment. His services in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span>
-American war were rewarded with the appointment of Governor
-of New York; and in 1782 he was promoted to the rank of
-Lieut.-General. He died on the 4th of March, 1788.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Thomas Bruce</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 6th March, 1788</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">The Honorable Thomas Bruce</span>, son of William Earl of
-Kincardine, choosing the profession of arms, rose to the commission
-of major in the sixtieth regiment in 1768, and in 1770
-he was promoted to the lieut.-colonelcy of the sixty-fifth
-regiment, which corps he commanded in North America
-during the early part of the American war. In 1781 he was
-appointed lieut.-colonel commandant of the 100th regiment,
-with which corps he served in the East Indies, and obtained
-the local rank of major-general in that country in March,
-1782: in November following he was promoted to the rank
-of major-general. After the termination of the war with
-Tippoo Saib, the ruler of the Mysore, the 100th regiment was
-disbanded, and in 1788 Major-General the Honorable Thomas
-Bruce was appointed colonel of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment: in
-1796 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He died
-in 1797.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Henry Bowyer</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 15th December, 1797</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent">This officer entered the army in 1771, and after serving five
-years in the sixty-eighth regiment, he was promoted captain
-in the nineteenth, and in 1778 he was removed to the sixty-sixth:
-his distinguished services during the American war
-were rewarded with the rank of lieut.-colonel in November
-1782. In 1787 he was appointed major, and in 1787 lieut.-colonel
-of the sixty-sixth regiment. He served in the West
-Indies, was promoted to the rank of major-general in 1795,
-and to that of lieut.-general, 1802. In March, 1797, he was
-appointed colonel of the eighty-ninth regiment, and was removed,
-in December following, to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>. He held
-the appointment of commander of the forces in the Windward
-and Leeward Islands. His decease occurred in 1808.</p>
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span></p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir Charles Green, Bart.</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 29th August, 1808</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Charles Green</span> entered the army as gentleman cadet in the
-Royal Artillery in 1760; in 1765 he was appointed ensign in
-the thirty-first regiment, which corps he joined at Pensacola
-in 1766. In 1768 he was employed on a particular service
-at New Orleans and on the Mississippi river; and in 1771 he
-served as engineer at the Bahama Islands. He joined his
-regiment at St. Vincent in 1772, and served against the
-Caribs; but returned to England in 1773, and was promoted
-to a lieutenancy; and in 1774 to captain in the thirty-first
-regiment. Proceeding to America in 1776, he was
-nominated aide-de-camp to Major-General Phillips, and served
-the campaign of 1777 in that capacity. He was wounded at
-Freeman's Farm in September of that year, and returning to
-England in 1778, he was appointed aide-de-camp to Lieut.-General
-Sir Adolphus Oughton, commander-in-chief in North
-Britain. Having joined the thirty-first in Canada, in May,
-1780, he was soon afterwards nominated major of brigade to
-the Montreal district. In 1783 he obtained the rank of
-major in the army, and the majority of his regiment in 1788.
-On the breaking out of the war in 1793, he was promoted to
-the lieut.-colonelcy of a battalion formed of independent companies,
-and in 1794 he exchanged to the thirtieth regiment.
-After serving two years at Corsica, he was nominated civil
-governor of Grenada, and was promoted to the rank of
-colonel in 1797. His eye-sight having been injured by the
-climate of Grenada, he returned to England in 1801: in 1803
-he was appointed brigadier-general on the Staff of Ireland,
-and was afterwards removed to England; he was knighted in
-May of this year, and promoted to the rank of major-general
-in September. In 1804 he was nominated colonel of the
-York Light Infantry Volunteers; and afterwards proceeding
-to the West Indies, he assembled an armament and captured
-the Dutch Settlements of Surinam in South America. He
-remained at Surinam a year, and returned to England in 1805:
-in 1807 he was advanced to the dignity of a <span class="fs70">BARONET</span>, and
-in 1808 appointed colonel of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment. He
-commanded the garrison of Malta some time; was promoted<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span>
-to the rank of lieut.-general in 1809; removed to the thirty-seventh
-regiment in 1814; and advanced to the rank of
-general in 1819. He died in 1831.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Sir George Prevost, Bart.</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 17th February, 1814</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">George Prevost</span> was appointed ensign in the sixtieth regiment
-in 1779, lieutenant in the forty-seventh in 1782, and
-captain in the sixtieth in 1783; in 1784 he was removed to
-the twenty-fifth regiment, with which corps he served at
-Gibraltar, and in 1790 he was promoted to a majority in the
-sixtieth. Early in 1794 he took command of the third battalion
-of the sixtieth at Antigua; he was promoted to a lieut.-colonelcy
-in his regiment in March, and in 1795 he was employed
-at St. Vincent's in suppressing the insurrection of the
-Caribs, and in resisting the French invasion: he commanded
-a column at the reduction of La Vigie. In October
-he was directed to assume the command of the troops at
-Dominica; but he returned to the third battalion of the sixtieth
-at St. Vincent's, in January, 1796, and was twice severely
-wounded in opposing the progress of the enemy towards the
-capital. Returning to England in consequence of his wounds,
-he was employed a short time as an inspecting field-officer;
-having been promoted to the rank of colonel on the 1st of
-January, 1796. He was subsequently nominated brigadier-general
-in the West Indies; he commanded the troops at
-Barbadoes, afterwards at St. Lucia, where he was appointed
-lieut.-governor; but returned to England after the peace of
-Amiens in 1802. Four months afterwards he was nominated
-Governor of Dominica; and in 1803 he served as second in
-command at the reduction of St. Lucia and Tobago: for a
-short time he commanded the troops in the Windward and
-Leeward Islands. In 1804 he successfully defended Dominica
-against a French armament; and was promoted to the
-rank of major-general in 1805, when he returned to England
-and was appointed lieut.-governor of Portsmouth. He proceeded
-to Nova Scotia in 1808, with the local rank of lieut.-general;
-and in 1809 he distinguished himself as second in
-command at the reduction of Martinique. Returning afterwards
-to Nova Scotia, he obtained the appointment of commander in-chief<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span>
-in Canada. He was advanced to the dignity
-of a <span class="fs70">BARONET</span> for his distinguished services in the West Indies.
-In 1811 he was promoted to the rank of lieut.-general; and
-he was nominated captain-general and governor-in-chief in
-North America. War having commenced with the United
-States, he defended the Canadas successfully nearly three
-years, under circumstances of peculiar difficulty. In February,
-1814, he was appointed colonel of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment.
-After an unsuccessful attack on the American post at Plattsburg,
-he was recalled to England; where he died in January,
-1816.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">Hugh Mackay Gordon</span>,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 8th January, 1816</em>.</p>
-
-<p class="noindent"><span class="smcap">Hugh Mackay Gordon</span> entered the army during the
-American war, and was many years an officer of the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>
-regiment, with which corps he served in Florida, South
-Carolina, and Georgia, also in Nova Scotia and the West
-Indies. He was promoted captain in the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> in
-1788, major in the army in 1796; lieut.-colonel in the army
-in 1798; and obtained a majority in his regiment in 1799; at
-the peace of Amiens he was placed on half-pay. He was
-promoted to the rank of major-general in 1811, and was
-nominated colonel of the York Chasseurs in 1814; in 1816
-he was removed to the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span>, with which regiment he
-had previously performed much service. In 1821 he was
-promoted to the rank of lieut.-general. He died in 1823.</p>
-
-
-<p class="p2 center"><span class="smcap">William Carr, Viscount Beresford</span>, G.C.B., G.C.H.,</p>
-
-<p class="center"><em>Appointed 15th March, 1823</em>.</p>
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<p class="p6" />
-<p class="pfs60"><span class="smcap">London</span>:&mdash;Printed by <span class="smcap">W. Clowes</span> and <span class="smcap">Sons</span>, Stamford Street,<br />
-For Her Majesty's Stationery Office.</p>
-<p class="p6" />
-
-
-<hr class="chap pg-brk" />
-
-<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> The date when the facings were changed from white to yellow
-has not been ascertained.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> Beatson's Naval and Military Memoirs.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> Lieutenant-General John Skinner entered the army as an
-Ensign in the <span class="fs70">SIXTEENTH</span> regiment of foot on the 4th of September,
-1772, and rose to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel of that regiment on
-the 11th of April, 1805: he was promoted to the rank of Colonel
-in the army on the 25th of April, 1808: after performing the duties
-of a regimental officer, in the various situations of service, from 1772,
-to 1811, he was advanced to the rank of Major-General on the 4th
-of June, 1811, and was appointed to the staff of the army in the
-West Indies, on which he continued to serve until the 24th of March,
-1816: he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General on the 19th
-of July, 1821: he died in 1827, after a continued and faithful service
-of forty-four years.</p></div>
-
-<div class="footnote">
-
-<p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Francis Godfrey was the son of Charles Godfrey, Esq., who married
-Miss Arabella Churchill, mistress of King James II., and mother of
-James Duke of Berwick. Miss Arabella Churchill was the sister of
-John Lord Churchill, afterwards Duke of Marlborough.</p></div></div>
-
-
-<div class="transnote pg-brk">
-<a name="TN" id="TN"></a>
-<p><strong>TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE</strong></p>
-
-<p>Some pages at the front of the book have out-of-order roman numbering.
-Pages <a href="#Page_xxiii">xxiii to xxviii</a> are followed by <a href="#Page_i">i to xix</a>. This has not been changed.</p>
-
-<p>Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
-corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
-the text and consultation of external sources.</p>
-
-<p>Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
-and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained. For example,
-foot-guards, foot guards; hand-grenades, hand grenades; piquets.</p>
-
-<p>
-<a href="#Page_23">Pg 23</a>, Sidenote '1783' inserted.<br />
-<a href="#Page_26">Pg 26</a>, 'and assume the' replaced by 'and assumed the'.<br />
-<a href="#Page_32">Pg 32</a>, 'at Chinsurha' replaced by 'at Chinsurah'.<br />
-</p>
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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-or, The Bedfordshire Regiment of Fo, by Richard Cannon
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