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diff --git a/5906.txt b/5906.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..cc5a925 --- /dev/null +++ b/5906.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1600 @@ +The Project Gutenberg EBook of The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., Part 4. +by Miguel de Cervantes + +This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere at no cost and with +almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or +re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License included +with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org + + +Title: The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., Part 4. + +Author: Miguel de Cervantes Saavedra + +Release Date: July 17, 2004 [EBook #5906] + +Language: English + +Character set encoding: ASCII + +*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DON QUIXOTE, PART 4 *** + + + + +Produced by David Widger + + + + + + DON QUIXOTE + + by Miguel de Cervantes + + Translated by John Ormsby + + + Volume I. + + Part 4. + + + +CHAPTER IX. + +IN WHICH IS CONCLUDED AND FINISHED THE TERRIFIC BATTLE BETWEEN THE +GALLANT BISCAYAN AND THE VALIANT MANCHEGAN + +In the First Part of this history we left the valiant Biscayan and the +renowned Don Quixote with drawn swords uplifted, ready to deliver two +such furious slashing blows that if they had fallen full and fair they +would at least have split and cleft them asunder from top to toe and laid +them open like a pomegranate; and at this so critical point the +delightful history came to a stop and stood cut short without any +intimation from the author where what was missing was to be found. + +This distressed me greatly, because the pleasure derived from having read +such a small portion turned to vexation at the thought of the poor chance +that presented itself of finding the large part that, so it seemed to me, +was missing of such an interesting tale. It appeared to me to be a thing +impossible and contrary to all precedent that so good a knight should +have been without some sage to undertake the task of writing his +marvellous achievements; a thing that was never wanting to any of those +knights-errant who, they say, went after adventures; for every one of +them had one or two sages as if made on purpose, who not only recorded +their deeds but described their most trifling thoughts and follies, +however secret they might be; and such a good knight could not have been +so unfortunate as not to have what Platir and others like him had in +abundance. And so I could not bring myself to believe that such a gallant +tale had been left maimed and mutilated, and I laid the blame on Time, +the devourer and destroyer of all things, that had either concealed or +consumed it. + +On the other hand, it struck me that, inasmuch as among his books there +had been found such modern ones as "The Enlightenment of Jealousy" and +the "Nymphs and Shepherds of Henares," his story must likewise be modern, +and that though it might not be written, it might exist in the memory of +the people of his village and of those in the neighbourhood. This +reflection kept me perplexed and longing to know really and truly the +whole life and wondrous deeds of our famous Spaniard, Don Quixote of La +Mancha, light and mirror of Manchegan chivalry, and the first that in our +age and in these so evil days devoted himself to the labour and exercise +of the arms of knight-errantry, righting wrongs, succouring widows, and +protecting damsels of that sort that used to ride about, whip in hand, on +their palfreys, with all their virginity about them, from mountain to +mountain and valley to valley--for, if it were not for some ruffian, or +boor with a hood and hatchet, or monstrous giant, that forced them, there +were in days of yore damsels that at the end of eighty years, in all +which time they had never slept a day under a roof, went to their graves +as much maids as the mothers that bore them. I say, then, that in these +and other respects our gallant Don Quixote is worthy of everlasting and +notable praise, nor should it be withheld even from me for the labour and +pains spent in searching for the conclusion of this delightful history; +though I know well that if Heaven, chance and good fortune had not helped +me, the world would have remained deprived of an entertainment and +pleasure that for a couple of hours or so may well occupy him who shall +read it attentively. The discovery of it occurred in this way. + +One day, as I was in the Alcana of Toledo, a boy came up to sell some +pamphlets and old papers to a silk mercer, and, as I am fond of reading +even the very scraps of paper in the streets, led by this natural bent of +mine I took up one of the pamphlets the boy had for sale, and saw that it +was in characters which I recognised as Arabic, and as I was unable to +read them though I could recognise them, I looked about to see if there +were any Spanish-speaking Morisco at hand to read them for me; nor was +there any great difficulty in finding such an interpreter, for even had I +sought one for an older and better language I should have found him. In +short, chance provided me with one, who when I told him what I wanted and +put the book into his hands, opened it in the middle and after reading a +little in it began to laugh. I asked him what he was laughing at, and he +replied that it was at something the book had written in the margin by +way of a note. I bade him tell it to me; and he still laughing said, "In +the margin, as I told you, this is written: 'This Dulcinea del Toboso so +often mentioned in this history, had, they say, the best hand of any +woman in all La Mancha for salting pigs.'" + +When I heard Dulcinea del Toboso named, I was struck with surprise and +amazement, for it occurred to me at once that these pamphlets contained +the history of Don Quixote. With this idea I pressed him to read the +beginning, and doing so, turning the Arabic offhand into Castilian, he +told me it meant, "History of Don Quixote of La Mancha, written by Cide +Hamete Benengeli, an Arab historian." It required great caution to hide +the joy I felt when the title of the book reached my ears, and snatching +it from the silk mercer, I bought all the papers and pamphlets from the +boy for half a real; and if he had had his wits about him and had known +how eager I was for them, he might have safely calculated on making more +than six reals by the bargain. I withdrew at once with the Morisco into +the cloister of the cathedral, and begged him to turn all these pamphlets +that related to Don Quixote into the Castilian tongue, without omitting +or adding anything to them, offering him whatever payment he pleased. He +was satisfied with two arrobas of raisins and two bushels of wheat, and +promised to translate them faithfully and with all despatch; but to make +the matter easier, and not to let such a precious find out of my hands, I +took him to my house, where in little more than a month and a half he +translated the whole just as it is set down here. + +In the first pamphlet the battle between Don Quixote and the Biscayan was +drawn to the very life, they planted in the same attitude as the history +describes, their swords raised, and the one protected by his buckler, the +other by his cushion, and the Biscayan's mule so true to nature that it +could be seen to be a hired one a bowshot off. The Biscayan had an +inscription under his feet which said, "Don Sancho de Azpeitia," which no +doubt must have been his name; and at the feet of Rocinante was another +that said, "Don Quixote." Rocinante was marvellously portrayed, so long +and thin, so lank and lean, with so much backbone and so far gone in +consumption, that he showed plainly with what judgment and propriety the +name of Rocinante had been bestowed upon him. Near him was Sancho Panza +holding the halter of his ass, at whose feet was another label that said, +"Sancho Zancas," and according to the picture, he must have had a big +belly, a short body, and long shanks, for which reason, no doubt, the +names of Panza and Zancas were given him, for by these two surnames the +history several times calls him. Some other trifling particulars might be +mentioned, but they are all of slight importance and have nothing to do +with the true relation of the history; and no history can be bad so long +as it is true. + +If against the present one any objection be raised on the score of its +truth, it can only be that its author was an Arab, as lying is a very +common propensity with those of that nation; though, as they are such +enemies of ours, it is conceivable that there were omissions rather than +additions made in the course of it. And this is my own opinion; for, +where he could and should give freedom to his pen in praise of so worthy +a knight, he seems to me deliberately to pass it over in silence; which +is ill done and worse contrived, for it is the business and duty of +historians to be exact, truthful, and wholly free from passion, and +neither interest nor fear, hatred nor love, should make them swerve from +the path of truth, whose mother is history, rival of time, storehouse of +deeds, witness for the past, example and counsel for the present, and +warning for the future. In this I know will be found all that can be +desired in the pleasantest, and if it be wanting in any good quality, I +maintain it is the fault of its hound of an author and not the fault of +the subject. To be brief, its Second Part, according to the translation, +began in this way: + +With trenchant swords upraised and poised on high, it seemed as though +the two valiant and wrathful combatants stood threatening heaven, and +earth, and hell, with such resolution and determination did they bear +themselves. The fiery Biscayan was the first to strike a blow, which was +delivered with such force and fury that had not the sword turned in its +course, that single stroke would have sufficed to put an end to the +bitter struggle and to all the adventures of our knight; but that good +fortune which reserved him for greater things, turned aside the sword of +his adversary, so that although it smote him upon the left shoulder, it +did him no more harm than to strip all that side of its armour, carrying +away a great part of his helmet with half of his ear, all which with +fearful ruin fell to the ground, leaving him in a sorry plight. + +Good God! Who is there that could properly describe the rage that filled +the heart of our Manchegan when he saw himself dealt with in this +fashion? All that can be said is, it was such that he again raised +himself in his stirrups, and, grasping his sword more firmly with both +hands, he came down on the Biscayan with such fury, smiting him full over +the cushion and over the head, that--even so good a shield proving +useless--as if a mountain had fallen on him, he began to bleed from nose, +mouth, and ears, reeling as if about to fall backwards from his mule, as +no doubt he would have done had he not flung his arms about its neck; at +the same time, however, he slipped his feet out of the stirrups and then +unclasped his arms, and the mule, taking fright at the terrible blow, +made off across the plain, and with a few plunges flung its master to the +ground. Don Quixote stood looking on very calmly, and, when he saw him +fall, leaped from his horse and with great briskness ran to him, and, +presenting the point of his sword to his eyes, bade him surrender, or he +would cut his head off. The Biscayan was so bewildered that he was unable +to answer a word, and it would have gone hard with him, so blind was Don +Quixote, had not the ladies in the coach, who had hitherto been watching +the combat in great terror, hastened to where he stood and implored him +with earnest entreaties to grant them the great grace and favour of +sparing their squire's life; to which Don Quixote replied with much +gravity and dignity, "In truth, fair ladies, I am well content to do what +ye ask of me; but it must be on one condition and understanding, which is +that this knight promise me to go to the village of El Toboso, and on my +behalf present himself before the peerless lady Dulcinea, that she deal +with him as shall be most pleasing to her." + +The terrified and disconsolate ladies, without discussing Don Quixote's +demand or asking who Dulcinea might be, promised that their squire should +do all that had been commanded. + +"Then, on the faith of that promise," said Don Quixote, "I shall do him +no further harm, though he well deserves it of me." + + + + +CHAPTER X. + +OF THE PLEASANT DISCOURSE THAT PASSED BETWEEN DON QUIXOTE AND HIS SQUIRE +SANCHO PANZA + + +Now by this time Sancho had risen, rather the worse for the handling of +the friars' muleteers, and stood watching the battle of his master, Don +Quixote, and praying to God in his heart that it might be his will to +grant him the victory, and that he might thereby win some island to make +him governor of, as he had promised. Seeing, therefore, that the struggle +was now over, and that his master was returning to mount Rocinante, he +approached to hold the stirrup for him, and, before he could mount, he +went on his knees before him, and taking his hand, kissed it saying, "May +it please your worship, Senor Don Quixote, to give me the government of +that island which has been won in this hard fight, for be it ever so big +I feel myself in sufficient force to be able to govern it as much and as +well as anyone in the world who has ever governed islands." + +To which Don Quixote replied, "Thou must take notice, brother Sancho, +that this adventure and those like it are not adventures of islands, but +of cross-roads, in which nothing is got except a broken head or an ear +the less: have patience, for adventures will present themselves from +which I may make you, not only a governor, but something more." + +Sancho gave him many thanks, and again kissing his hand and the skirt of +his hauberk, helped him to mount Rocinante, and mounting his ass himself, +proceeded to follow his master, who at a brisk pace, without taking +leave, or saying anything further to the ladies belonging to the coach, +turned into a wood that was hard by. Sancho followed him at his ass's +best trot, but Rocinante stepped out so that, seeing himself left behind, +he was forced to call to his master to wait for him. Don Quixote did so, +reining in Rocinante until his weary squire came up, who on reaching him +said, "It seems to me, senor, it would be prudent in us to go and take +refuge in some church, for, seeing how mauled he with whom you fought has +been left, it will be no wonder if they give information of the affair to +the Holy Brotherhood and arrest us, and, faith, if they do, before we +come out of gaol we shall have to sweat for it." + +"Peace," said Don Quixote; "where hast thou ever seen or heard that a +knight-errant has been arraigned before a court of justice, however many +homicides he may have committed?" + +"I know nothing about omecils," answered Sancho, "nor in my life have had +anything to do with one; I only know that the Holy Brotherhood looks +after those who fight in the fields, and in that other matter I do not +meddle." + +"Then thou needst have no uneasiness, my friend," said Don Quixote, "for +I will deliver thee out of the hands of the Chaldeans, much more out of +those of the Brotherhood. But tell me, as thou livest, hast thou seen a +more valiant knight than I in all the known world; hast thou read in +history of any who has or had higher mettle in attack, more spirit in +maintaining it, more dexterity in wounding or skill in overthrowing?" + +"The truth is," answered Sancho, "that I have never read any history, for +I can neither read nor write, but what I will venture to bet is that a +more daring master than your worship I have never served in all the days +of my life, and God grant that this daring be not paid for where I have +said; what I beg of your worship is to dress your wound, for a great deal +of blood flows from that ear, and I have here some lint and a little +white ointment in the alforjas." + +"All that might be well dispensed with," said Don Quixote, "if I had +remembered to make a vial of the balsam of Fierabras, for time and +medicine are saved by one single drop." + +"What vial and what balsam is that?" said Sancho Panza. + +"It is a balsam," answered Don Quixote, "the receipt of which I have in +my memory, with which one need have no fear of death, or dread dying of +any wound; and so when I make it and give it to thee thou hast nothing to +do when in some battle thou seest they have cut me in half through the +middle of the body--as is wont to happen frequently,--but neatly and with +great nicety, ere the blood congeal, to place that portion of the body +which shall have fallen to the ground upon the other half which remains +in the saddle, taking care to fit it on evenly and exactly. Then thou +shalt give me to drink but two drops of the balsam I have mentioned, and +thou shalt see me become sounder than an apple." + +"If that be so," said Panza, "I renounce henceforth the government of the +promised island, and desire nothing more in payment of my many and +faithful services than that your worship give me the receipt of this +supreme liquor, for I am persuaded it will be worth more than two reals +an ounce anywhere, and I want no more to pass the rest of my life in ease +and honour; but it remains to be told if it costs much to make it." + +"With less than three reals, six quarts of it may be made," said Don +Quixote. + +"Sinner that I am!" said Sancho, "then why does your worship put off +making it and teaching it to me?" + +"Peace, friend," answered Don Quixote; "greater secrets I mean to teach +thee and greater favours to bestow upon thee; and for the present let us +see to the dressing, for my ear pains me more than I could wish." + +Sancho took out some lint and ointment from the alforjas; but when Don +Quixote came to see his helmet shattered, he was like to lose his senses, +and clapping his hand upon his sword and raising his eyes to heaven, be +said, "I swear by the Creator of all things and the four Gospels in their +fullest extent, to do as the great Marquis of Mantua did when he swore to +avenge the death of his nephew Baldwin (and that was not to eat bread +from a table-cloth, nor embrace his wife, and other points which, though +I cannot now call them to mind, I here grant as expressed) until I take +complete vengeance upon him who has committed such an offence against +me." + +Hearing this, Sancho said to him, "Your worship should bear in mind, +Senor Don Quixote, that if the knight has done what was commanded him in +going to present himself before my lady Dulcinea del Toboso, he will have +done all that he was bound to do, and does not deserve further punishment +unless he commits some new offence." + +"Thou hast said well and hit the point," answered Don Quixote; and so I +recall the oath in so far as relates to taking fresh vengeance on him, +but I make and confirm it anew to lead the life I have said until such +time as I take by force from some knight another helmet such as this and +as good; and think not, Sancho, that I am raising smoke with straw in +doing so, for I have one to imitate in the matter, since the very same +thing to a hair happened in the case of Mambrino's helmet, which cost +Sacripante so dear." + +"Senor," replied Sancho, "let your worship send all such oaths to the +devil, for they are very pernicious to salvation and prejudicial to the +conscience; just tell me now, if for several days to come we fall in with +no man armed with a helmet, what are we to do? Is the oath to be observed +in spite of all the inconvenience and discomfort it will be to sleep in +your clothes, and not to sleep in a house, and a thousand other +mortifications contained in the oath of that old fool the Marquis of +Mantua, which your worship is now wanting to revive? Let your worship +observe that there are no men in armour travelling on any of these roads, +nothing but carriers and carters, who not only do not wear helmets, but +perhaps never heard tell of them all their lives." + +"Thou art wrong there," said Don Quixote, "for we shall not have been +above two hours among these cross-roads before we see more men in armour +than came to Albraca to win the fair Angelica." + +"Enough," said Sancho; "so be it then, and God grant us success, and that +the time for winning that island which is costing me so dear may soon +come, and then let me die." + +"I have already told thee, Sancho," said Don Quixote, "not to give +thyself any uneasiness on that score; for if an island should fail, there +is the kingdom of Denmark, or of Sobradisa, which will fit thee as a ring +fits the finger, and all the more that, being on terra firma, thou wilt +all the better enjoy thyself. But let us leave that to its own time; see +if thou hast anything for us to eat in those alforjas, because we must +presently go in quest of some castle where we may lodge to-night and make +the balsam I told thee of, for I swear to thee by God, this ear is giving +me great pain." + +"I have here an onion and a little cheese and a few scraps of bread," +said Sancho, "but they are not victuals fit for a valiant knight like +your worship." + +"How little thou knowest about it," answered Don Quixote; "I would have +thee to know, Sancho, that it is the glory of knights-errant to go +without eating for a month, and even when they do eat, that it should be +of what comes first to hand; and this would have been clear to thee hadst +thou read as many histories as I have, for, though they are very many, +among them all I have found no mention made of knights-errant eating, +unless by accident or at some sumptuous banquets prepared for them, and +the rest of the time they passed in dalliance. And though it is plain +they could not do without eating and performing all the other natural +functions, because, in fact, they were men like ourselves, it is plain +too that, wandering as they did the most part of their lives through +woods and wilds and without a cook, their most usual fare would be rustic +viands such as those thou now offer me; so that, friend Sancho, let not +that distress thee which pleases me, and do not seek to make a new world +or pervert knight-errantry." + +"Pardon me, your worship," said Sancho, "for, as I cannot read or write, +as I said just now, I neither know nor comprehend the rules of the +profession of chivalry: henceforward I will stock the alforjas with every +kind of dry fruit for your worship, as you are a knight; and for myself, +as I am not one, I will furnish them with poultry and other things more +substantial." + +"I do not say, Sancho," replied Don Quixote, "that it is imperative on +knights-errant not to eat anything else but the fruits thou speakest of; +only that their more usual diet must be those, and certain herbs they +found in the fields which they knew and I know too." + +"A good thing it is," answered Sancho, "to know those herbs, for to my +thinking it will be needful some day to put that knowledge into +practice." + +And here taking out what he said he had brought, the pair made their +repast peaceably and sociably. But anxious to find quarters for the +night, they with all despatch made an end of their poor dry fare, mounted +at once, and made haste to reach some habitation before night set in; but +daylight and the hope of succeeding in their object failed them close by +the huts of some goatherds, so they determined to pass the night there, +and it was as much to Sancho's discontent not to have reached a house, as +it was to his master's satisfaction to sleep under the open heaven, for +he fancied that each time this happened to him he performed an act of +ownership that helped to prove his chivalry. + + + + +CHAPTER XI. + +WHAT BEFELL DON QUIXOTE WITH CERTAIN GOATHERDS + + +He was cordially welcomed by the goatherds, and Sancho, having as best he +could put up Rocinante and the ass, drew towards the fragrance that came +from some pieces of salted goat simmering in a pot on the fire; and +though he would have liked at once to try if they were ready to be +transferred from the pot to the stomach, he refrained from doing so as +the goatherds removed them from the fire, and laying sheepskins on the +ground, quickly spread their rude table, and with signs of hearty +good-will invited them both to share what they had. Round the skins six +of the men belonging to the fold seated themselves, having first with +rough politeness pressed Don Quixote to take a seat upon a trough which +they placed for him upside down. Don Quixote seated himself, and Sancho +remained standing to serve the cup, which was made of horn. Seeing him +standing, his master said to him: + +"That thou mayest see, Sancho, the good that knight-errantry contains in +itself, and how those who fill any office in it are on the high road to +be speedily honoured and esteemed by the world, I desire that thou seat +thyself here at my side and in the company of these worthy people, and +that thou be one with me who am thy master and natural lord, and that +thou eat from my plate and drink from whatever I drink from; for the same +may be said of knight-errantry as of love, that it levels all." + +"Great thanks," said Sancho, "but I may tell your worship that provided I +have enough to eat, I can eat it as well, or better, standing, and by +myself, than seated alongside of an emperor. And indeed, if the truth is +to be told, what I eat in my corner without form or fuss has much more +relish for me, even though it be bread and onions, than the turkeys of +those other tables where I am forced to chew slowly, drink little, wipe +my mouth every minute, and cannot sneeze or cough if I want or do other +things that are the privileges of liberty and solitude. So, senor, as for +these honours which your worship would put upon me as a servant and +follower of knight-errantry, exchange them for other things which may be +of more use and advantage to me; for these, though I fully acknowledge +them as received, I renounce from this moment to the end of the world." + +"For all that," said Don Quixote, "thou must seat thyself, because him +who humbleth himself God exalteth;" and seizing him by the arm he forced +him to sit down beside himself. + +The goatherds did not understand this jargon about squires and +knights-errant, and all they did was to eat in silence and stare at their +guests, who with great elegance and appetite were stowing away pieces as +big as one's fist. The course of meat finished, they spread upon the +sheepskins a great heap of parched acorns, and with them they put down a +half cheese harder than if it had been made of mortar. All this while the +horn was not idle, for it went round so constantly, now full, now empty, +like the bucket of a water-wheel, that it soon drained one of the two +wine-skins that were in sight. When Don Quixote had quite appeased his +appetite he took up a handful of the acorns, and contemplating them +attentively delivered himself somewhat in this fashion: + +"Happy the age, happy the time, to which the ancients gave the name of +golden, not because in that fortunate age the gold so coveted in this our +iron one was gained without toil, but because they that lived in it knew +not the two words "mine" and "thine"! In that blessed age all things were +in common; to win the daily food no labour was required of any save to +stretch forth his hand and gather it from the sturdy oaks that stood +generously inviting him with their sweet ripe fruit. The clear streams +and running brooks yielded their savoury limpid waters in noble +abundance. The busy and sagacious bees fixed their republic in the clefts +of the rocks and hollows of the trees, offering without usance the +plenteous produce of their fragrant toil to every hand. The mighty cork +trees, unenforced save of their own courtesy, shed the broad light bark +that served at first to roof the houses supported by rude stakes, a +protection against the inclemency of heaven alone. Then all was peace, +all friendship, all concord; as yet the dull share of the crooked plough +had not dared to rend and pierce the tender bowels of our first mother +that without compulsion yielded from every portion of her broad fertile +bosom all that could satisfy, sustain, and delight the children that then +possessed her. Then was it that the innocent and fair young shepherdess +roamed from vale to vale and hill to hill, with flowing locks, and no +more garments than were needful modestly to cover what modesty seeks and +ever sought to hide. Nor were their ornaments like those in use to-day, +set off by Tyrian purple, and silk tortured in endless fashions, but the +wreathed leaves of the green dock and ivy, wherewith they went as bravely +and becomingly decked as our Court dames with all the rare and +far-fetched artifices that idle curiosity has taught them. Then the +love-thoughts of the heart clothed themselves simply and naturally as the +heart conceived them, nor sought to commend themselves by forced and +rambling verbiage. Fraud, deceit, or malice had then not yet mingled with +truth and sincerity. Justice held her ground, undisturbed and unassailed +by the efforts of favour and of interest, that now so much impair, +pervert, and beset her. Arbitrary law had not yet established itself in +the mind of the judge, for then there was no cause to judge and no one to +be judged. Maidens and modesty, as I have said, wandered at will alone +and unattended, without fear of insult from lawlessness or libertine +assault, and if they were undone it was of their own will and pleasure. +But now in this hateful age of ours not one is safe, not though some new +labyrinth like that of Crete conceal and surround her; even there the +pestilence of gallantry will make its way to them through chinks or on +the air by the zeal of its accursed importunity, and, despite of all +seclusion, lead them to ruin. In defence of these, as time advanced and +wickedness increased, the order of knights-errant was instituted, to +defend maidens, to protect widows and to succour the orphans and the +needy. To this order I belong, brother goatherds, to whom I return thanks +for the hospitality and kindly welcome ye offer me and my squire; for +though by natural law all living are bound to show favour to +knights-errant, yet, seeing that without knowing this obligation ye have +welcomed and feasted me, it is right that with all the good-will in my +power I should thank you for yours." + +All this long harangue (which might very well have been spared) our +knight delivered because the acorns they gave him reminded him of the +golden age; and the whim seized him to address all this unnecessary +argument to the goatherds, who listened to him gaping in amazement +without saying a word in reply. Sancho likewise held his peace and ate +acorns, and paid repeated visits to the second wine-skin, which they had +hung up on a cork tree to keep the wine cool. + +Don Quixote was longer in talking than the supper in finishing, at the +end of which one of the goatherds said, "That your worship, senor +knight-errant, may say with more truth that we show you hospitality with +ready good-will, we will give you amusement and pleasure by making one of +our comrades sing: he will be here before long, and he is a very +intelligent youth and deep in love, and what is more he can read and +write and play on the rebeck to perfection." + +The goatherd had hardly done speaking, when the notes of the rebeck +reached their ears; and shortly after, the player came up, a very +good-looking young man of about two-and-twenty. His comrades asked him if +he had supped, and on his replying that he had, he who had already made +the offer said to him: + +"In that case, Antonio, thou mayest as well do us the pleasure of singing +a little, that the gentleman, our guest, may see that even in the +mountains and woods there are musicians: we have told him of thy +accomplishments, and we want thee to show them and prove that we say +true; so, as thou livest, pray sit down and sing that ballad about thy +love that thy uncle the prebendary made thee, and that was so much liked +in the town." + +"With all my heart," said the young man, and without waiting for more +pressing he seated himself on the trunk of a felled oak, and tuning his +rebeck, presently began to sing to these words. + +ANTONIO'S BALLAD + +Thou dost love me well, Olalla; + Well I know it, even though +Love's mute tongues, thine eyes, have never + By their glances told me so. + +For I know my love thou knowest, + Therefore thine to claim I dare: +Once it ceases to be secret, + Love need never feel despair. + +True it is, Olalla, sometimes + Thou hast all too plainly shown +That thy heart is brass in hardness, + And thy snowy bosom stone. + +Yet for all that, in thy coyness, + And thy fickle fits between, +Hope is there--at least the border + Of her garment may be seen. + +Lures to faith are they, those glimpses, + And to faith in thee I hold; +Kindness cannot make it stronger, + Coldness cannot make it cold. + +If it be that love is gentle, + In thy gentleness I see +Something holding out assurance + To the hope of winning thee. + +If it be that in devotion + Lies a power hearts to move, +That which every day I show thee, + Helpful to my suit should prove. + +Many a time thou must have noticed-- + If to notice thou dost care-- +How I go about on Monday + Dressed in all my Sunday wear. + +Love's eyes love to look on brightness; + Love loves what is gaily drest; +Sunday, Monday, all I care is + Thou shouldst see me in my best. + +No account I make of dances, + Or of strains that pleased thee so, +Keeping thee awake from midnight + Till the cocks began to crow; + +Or of how I roundly swore it + That there's none so fair as thou; +True it is, but as I said it, + By the girls I'm hated now. + +For Teresa of the hillside + At my praise of thee was sore; +Said, "You think you love an angel; + It's a monkey you adore; + +"Caught by all her glittering trinkets, + And her borrowed braids of hair, +And a host of made-up beauties + That would Love himself ensnare." + +'T was a lie, and so I told her, + And her cousin at the word +Gave me his defiance for it; + And what followed thou hast heard. + +Mine is no high-flown affection, + Mine no passion par amours-- +As they call it--what I offer + Is an honest love, and pure. + +Cunning cords the holy Church has, + Cords of softest silk they be; +Put thy neck beneath the yoke, dear; + Mine will follow, thou wilt see. + +Else--and once for all I swear it + By the saint of most renown-- +If I ever quit the mountains, + 'T will be in a friar's gown. + +Here the goatherd brought his song to an end, and though Don Quixote +entreated him to sing more, Sancho had no mind that way, being more +inclined for sleep than for listening to songs; so said he to his master, +"Your worship will do well to settle at once where you mean to pass the +night, for the labour these good men are at all day does not allow them +to spend the night in singing." + +"I understand thee, Sancho," replied Don Quixote; "I perceive clearly +that those visits to the wine-skin demand compensation in sleep rather +than in music." + +"It's sweet to us all, blessed be God," said Sancho. + +"I do not deny it," replied Don Quixote; "but settle thyself where thou +wilt; those of my calling are more becomingly employed in watching than +in sleeping; still it would be as well if thou wert to dress this ear for +me again, for it is giving me more pain than it need." + +Sancho did as he bade him, but one of the goatherds, seeing the wound, +told him not to be uneasy, as he would apply a remedy with which it would +be soon healed; and gathering some leaves of rosemary, of which there was +a great quantity there, he chewed them and mixed them with a little salt, +and applying them to the ear he secured them firmly with a bandage, +assuring him that no other treatment would be required, and so it proved. + + + + +CHAPTER XII. + +OF WHAT A GOATHERD RELATED TO THOSE WITH DON QUIXOTE + + +Just then another young man, one of those who fetched their provisions +from the village, came up and said, "Do you know what is going on in the +village, comrades?" + +"How could we know it?" replied one of them. + +"Well, then, you must know," continued the young man, "this morning that +famous student-shepherd called Chrysostom died, and it is rumoured that +he died of love for that devil of a village girl the daughter of +Guillermo the Rich, she that wanders about the wolds here in the dress of +a shepherdess." + +"You mean Marcela?" said one. + +"Her I mean," answered the goatherd; "and the best of it is, he has +directed in his will that he is to be buried in the fields like a Moor, +and at the foot of the rock where the Cork-tree spring is, because, as +the story goes (and they say he himself said so), that was the place +where he first saw her. And he has also left other directions which the +clergy of the village say should not and must not be obeyed because they +savour of paganism. To all which his great friend Ambrosio the student, +he who, like him, also went dressed as a shepherd, replies that +everything must be done without any omission according to the directions +left by Chrysostom, and about this the village is all in commotion; +however, report says that, after all, what Ambrosio and all the shepherds +his friends desire will be done, and to-morrow they are coming to bury +him with great ceremony where I said. I am sure it will be something +worth seeing; at least I will not fail to go and see it even if I knew I +should not return to the village tomorrow." + +"We will do the same," answered the goatherds, "and cast lots to see who +must stay to mind the goats of all." + +"Thou sayest well, Pedro," said one, "though there will be no need of +taking that trouble, for I will stay behind for all; and don't suppose it +is virtue or want of curiosity in me; it is that the splinter that ran +into my foot the other day will not let me walk." + +"For all that, we thank thee," answered Pedro. + +Don Quixote asked Pedro to tell him who the dead man was and who the +shepherdess, to which Pedro replied that all he knew was that the dead +man was a wealthy gentleman belonging to a village in those mountains, +who had been a student at Salamanca for many years, at the end of which +he returned to his village with the reputation of being very learned and +deeply read. "Above all, they said, he was learned in the science of the +stars and of what went on yonder in the heavens and the sun and the moon, +for he told us of the cris of the sun and moon to exact time." + +"Eclipse it is called, friend, not cris, the darkening of those two +luminaries," said Don Quixote; but Pedro, not troubling himself with +trifles, went on with his story, saying, "Also he foretold when the year +was going to be one of abundance or estility." + +"Sterility, you mean," said Don Quixote. + +"Sterility or estility," answered Pedro, "it is all the same in the end. +And I can tell you that by this his father and friends who believed him +grew very rich because they did as he advised them, bidding them 'sow +barley this year, not wheat; this year you may sow pulse and not barley; +the next there will be a full oil crop, and the three following not a +drop will be got.'" + +"That science is called astrology," said Don Quixote. + +"I do not know what it is called," replied Pedro, "but I know that he +knew all this and more besides. But, to make an end, not many months had +passed after he returned from Salamanca, when one day he appeared dressed +as a shepherd with his crook and sheepskin, having put off the long gown +he wore as a scholar; and at the same time his great friend, Ambrosio by +name, who had been his companion in his studies, took to the shepherd's +dress with him. I forgot to say that Chrysostom, who is dead, was a great +man for writing verses, so much so that he made carols for Christmas Eve, +and plays for Corpus Christi, which the young men of our village acted, +and all said they were excellent. When the villagers saw the two scholars +so unexpectedly appearing in shepherd's dress, they were lost in wonder, +and could not guess what had led them to make so extraordinary a change. +About this time the father of our Chrysostom died, and he was left heir +to a large amount of property in chattels as well as in land, no small +number of cattle and sheep, and a large sum of money, of all of which the +young man was left dissolute owner, and indeed he was deserving of it +all, for he was a very good comrade, and kind-hearted, and a friend of +worthy folk, and had a countenance like a benediction. Presently it came +to be known that he had changed his dress with no other object than to +wander about these wastes after that shepherdess Marcela our lad +mentioned a while ago, with whom the deceased Chrysostom had fallen in +love. And I must tell you now, for it is well you should know it, who +this girl is; perhaps, and even without any perhaps, you will not have +heard anything like it all the days of your life, though you should live +more years than sarna." + +"Say Sarra," said Don Quixote, unable to endure the goatherd's confusion +of words. + +"The sarna lives long enough," answered Pedro; "and if, senor, you must +go finding fault with words at every step, we shall not make an end of it +this twelvemonth." + +"Pardon me, friend," said Don Quixote; "but, as there is such a +difference between sarna and Sarra, I told you of it; however, you have +answered very rightly, for sarna lives longer than Sarra: so continue +your story, and I will not object any more to anything." + +"I say then, my dear sir," said the goatherd, "that in our village there +was a farmer even richer than the father of Chrysostom, who was named +Guillermo, and upon whom God bestowed, over and above great wealth, a +daughter at whose birth her mother died, the most respected woman there +was in this neighbourhood; I fancy I can see her now with that +countenance which had the sun on one side and the moon on the other; and +moreover active, and kind to the poor, for which I trust that at the +present moment her soul is in bliss with God in the other world. Her +husband Guillermo died of grief at the death of so good a wife, leaving +his daughter Marcela, a child and rich, to the care of an uncle of hers, +a priest and prebendary in our village. The girl grew up with such beauty +that it reminded us of her mother's, which was very great, and yet it was +thought that the daughter's would exceed it; and so when she reached the +age of fourteen to fifteen years nobody beheld her but blessed God that +had made her so beautiful, and the greater number were in love with her +past redemption. Her uncle kept her in great seclusion and retirement, +but for all that the fame of her great beauty spread so that, as well for +it as for her great wealth, her uncle was asked, solicited, and +importuned, to give her in marriage not only by those of our town but of +those many leagues round, and by the persons of highest quality in them. +But he, being a good Christian man, though he desired to give her in +marriage at once, seeing her to be old enough, was unwilling to do so +without her consent, not that he had any eye to the gain and profit which +the custody of the girl's property brought him while he put off her +marriage; and, faith, this was said in praise of the good priest in more +than one set in the town. For I would have you know, Sir Errant, that in +these little villages everything is talked about and everything is carped +at, and rest assured, as I am, that the priest must be over and above +good who forces his parishioners to speak well of him, especially in +villages." + +"That is the truth," said Don Quixote; "but go on, for the story is very +good, and you, good Pedro, tell it with very good grace." + +"May that of the Lord not be wanting to me," said Pedro; "that is the one +to have. To proceed; you must know that though the uncle put before his +niece and described to her the qualities of each one in particular of the +many who had asked her in marriage, begging her to marry and make a +choice according to her own taste, she never gave any other answer than +that she had no desire to marry just yet, and that being so young she did +not think herself fit to bear the burden of matrimony. At these, to all +appearance, reasonable excuses that she made, her uncle ceased to urge +her, and waited till she was somewhat more advanced in age and could mate +herself to her own liking. For, said he--and he said quite right--parents +are not to settle children in life against their will. But when one least +looked for it, lo and behold! one day the demure Marcela makes her +appearance turned shepherdess; and, in spite of her uncle and all those +of the town that strove to dissuade her, took to going a-field with the +other shepherd-lasses of the village, and tending her own flock. And so, +since she appeared in public, and her beauty came to be seen openly, I +could not well tell you how many rich youths, gentlemen and peasants, +have adopted the costume of Chrysostom, and go about these fields making +love to her. One of these, as has been already said, was our deceased +friend, of whom they say that he did not love but adore her. But you must +not suppose, because Marcela chose a life of such liberty and +independence, and of so little or rather no retirement, that she has +given any occasion, or even the semblance of one, for disparagement of +her purity and modesty; on the contrary, such and so great is the +vigilance with which she watches over her honour, that of all those that +court and woo her not one has boasted, or can with truth boast, that she +has given him any hope however small of obtaining his desire. For +although she does not avoid or shun the society and conversation of the +shepherds, and treats them courteously and kindly, should any one of them +come to declare his intention to her, though it be one as proper and holy +as that of matrimony, she flings him from her like a catapult. And with +this kind of disposition she does more harm in this country than if the +plague had got into it, for her affability and her beauty draw on the +hearts of those that associate with her to love her and to court her, but +her scorn and her frankness bring them to the brink of despair; and so +they know not what to say save to proclaim her aloud cruel and +hard-hearted, and other names of the same sort which well describe the +nature of her character; and if you should remain here any time, senor, +you would hear these hills and valleys resounding with the laments of the +rejected ones who pursue her. Not far from this there is a spot where +there are a couple of dozen of tall beeches, and there is not one of them +but has carved and written on its smooth bark the name of Marcela, and +above some a crown carved on the same tree as though her lover would say +more plainly that Marcela wore and deserved that of all human beauty. +Here one shepherd is sighing, there another is lamenting; there love +songs are heard, here despairing elegies. One will pass all the hours of +the night seated at the foot of some oak or rock, and there, without +having closed his weeping eyes, the sun finds him in the morning bemused +and bereft of sense; and another without relief or respite to his sighs, +stretched on the burning sand in the full heat of the sultry summer +noontide, makes his appeal to the compassionate heavens, and over one and +the other, over these and all, the beautiful Marcela triumphs free and +careless. And all of us that know her are waiting to see what her pride +will come to, and who is to be the happy man that will succeed in taming +a nature so formidable and gaining possession of a beauty so supreme. All +that I have told you being such well-established truth, I am persuaded +that what they say of the cause of Chrysostom's death, as our lad told +us, is the same. And so I advise you, senor, fail not to be present +to-morrow at his burial, which will be well worth seeing, for Chrysostom +had many friends, and it is not half a league from this place to where he +directed he should be buried." + +"I will make a point of it," said Don Quixote, "and I thank you for the +pleasure you have given me by relating so interesting a tale." + +"Oh," said the goatherd, "I do not know even the half of what has +happened to the lovers of Marcela, but perhaps to-morrow we may fall in +with some shepherd on the road who can tell us; and now it will be well +for you to go and sleep under cover, for the night air may hurt your +wound, though with the remedy I have applied to you there is no fear of +an untoward result." + +Sancho Panza, who was wishing the goatherd's loquacity at the devil, on +his part begged his master to go into Pedro's hut to sleep. He did so, +and passed all the rest of the night in thinking of his lady Dulcinea, in +imitation of the lovers of Marcela. Sancho Panza settled himself between +Rocinante and his ass, and slept, not like a lover who had been +discarded, but like a man who had been soundly kicked. + + + + +CHAPTER XIII. + +IN WHICH IS ENDED THE STORY OF THE SHEPHERDESS MARCELA, WITH OTHER +INCIDENTS + +Bit hardly had day begun to show itself through the balconies of the +east, when five of the six goatherds came to rouse Don Quixote and tell +him that if he was still of a mind to go and see the famous burial of +Chrysostom they would bear him company. Don Quixote, who desired nothing +better, rose and ordered Sancho to saddle and pannel at once, which he +did with all despatch, and with the same they all set out forthwith. They +had not gone a quarter of a league when at the meeting of two paths they +saw coming towards them some six shepherds dressed in black sheepskins +and with their heads crowned with garlands of cypress and bitter +oleander. Each of them carried a stout holly staff in his hand, and along +with them there came two men of quality on horseback in handsome +travelling dress, with three servants on foot accompanying them. +Courteous salutations were exchanged on meeting, and inquiring one of the +other which way each party was going, they learned that all were bound +for the scene of the burial, so they went on all together. + +One of those on horseback addressing his companion said to him, "It seems +to me, Senor Vivaldo, that we may reckon as well spent the delay we shall +incur in seeing this remarkable funeral, for remarkable it cannot but be +judging by the strange things these shepherds have told us, of both the +dead shepherd and homicide shepherdess." + +"So I think too," replied Vivaldo, "and I would delay not to say a day, +but four, for the sake of seeing it." + +Don Quixote asked them what it was they had heard of Marcela and +Chrysostom. The traveller answered that the same morning they had met +these shepherds, and seeing them dressed in this mournful fashion they +had asked them the reason of their appearing in such a guise; which one +of them gave, describing the strange behaviour and beauty of a +shepherdess called Marcela, and the loves of many who courted her, +together with the death of that Chrysostom to whose burial they were +going. In short, he repeated all that Pedro had related to Don Quixote. + +This conversation dropped, and another was commenced by him who was +called Vivaldo asking Don Quixote what was the reason that led him to go +armed in that fashion in a country so peaceful. To which Don Quixote +replied, "The pursuit of my calling does not allow or permit me to go in +any other fashion; easy life, enjoyment, and repose were invented for +soft courtiers, but toil, unrest, and arms were invented and made for +those alone whom the world calls knights-errant, of whom I, though +unworthy, am the least of all." + +The instant they heard this all set him down as mad, and the better to +settle the point and discover what kind of madness his was, Vivaldo +proceeded to ask him what knights-errant meant. + +"Have not your worships," replied Don Quixote, "read the annals and +histories of England, in which are recorded the famous deeds of King +Arthur, whom we in our popular Castilian invariably call King Artus, with +regard to whom it is an ancient tradition, and commonly received all over +that kingdom of Great Britain, that this king did not die, but was +changed by magic art into a raven, and that in process of time he is to +return to reign and recover his kingdom and sceptre; for which reason it +cannot be proved that from that time to this any Englishman ever killed a +raven? Well, then, in the time of this good king that famous order of +chivalry of the Knights of the Round Table was instituted, and the amour +of Don Lancelot of the Lake with the Queen Guinevere occurred, precisely +as is there related, the go-between and confidante therein being the +highly honourable dame Quintanona, whence came that ballad so well known +and widely spread in our Spain-- + +O never surely was there knight + So served by hand of dame, +As served was he Sir Lancelot hight + When he from Britain came-- + +with all the sweet and delectable course of his achievements in love and +war. Handed down from that time, then, this order of chivalry went on +extending and spreading itself over many and various parts of the world; +and in it, famous and renowned for their deeds, were the mighty Amadis of +Gaul with all his sons and descendants to the fifth generation, and the +valiant Felixmarte of Hircania, and the never sufficiently praised +Tirante el Blanco, and in our own days almost we have seen and heard and +talked with the invincible knight Don Belianis of Greece. This, then, +sirs, is to be a knight-errant, and what I have spoken of is the order of +his chivalry, of which, as I have already said, I, though a sinner, have +made profession, and what the aforesaid knights professed that same do I +profess, and so I go through these solitudes and wilds seeking +adventures, resolved in soul to oppose my arm and person to the most +perilous that fortune may offer me in aid of the weak and needy." + +By these words of his the travellers were able to satisfy themselves of +Don Quixote's being out of his senses and of the form of madness that +overmastered him, at which they felt the same astonishment that all felt +on first becoming acquainted with it; and Vivaldo, who was a person of +great shrewdness and of a lively temperament, in order to beguile the +short journey which they said was required to reach the mountain, the +scene of the burial, sought to give him an opportunity of going on with +his absurdities. So he said to him, "It seems to me, Senor Knight-errant, +that your worship has made choice of one of the most austere professions +in the world, and I imagine even that of the Carthusian monks is not so +austere." + +"As austere it may perhaps be," replied our Don Quixote, "but so +necessary for the world I am very much inclined to doubt. For, if the +truth is to be told, the soldier who executes what his captain orders +does no less than the captain himself who gives the order. My meaning, +is, that churchmen in peace and quiet pray to Heaven for the welfare of +the world, but we soldiers and knights carry into effect what they pray +for, defending it with the might of our arms and the edge of our swords, +not under shelter but in the open air, a target for the intolerable rays +of the sun in summer and the piercing frosts of winter. Thus are we God's +ministers on earth and the arms by which his justice is done therein. And +as the business of war and all that relates and belongs to it cannot be +conducted without exceeding great sweat, toil, and exertion, it follows +that those who make it their profession have undoubtedly more labour than +those who in tranquil peace and quiet are engaged in praying to God to +help the weak. I do not mean to say, nor does it enter into my thoughts, +that the knight-errant's calling is as good as that of the monk in his +cell; I would merely infer from what I endure myself that it is beyond a +doubt a more laborious and a more belaboured one, a hungrier and +thirstier, a wretcheder, raggeder, and lousier; for there is no reason to +doubt that the knights-errant of yore endured much hardship in the course +of their lives. And if some of them by the might of their arms did rise +to be emperors, in faith it cost them dear in the matter of blood and +sweat; and if those who attained to that rank had not had magicians and +sages to help them they would have been completely baulked in their +ambition and disappointed in their hopes." + +"That is my own opinion," replied the traveller; "but one thing among +many others seems to me very wrong in knights-errant, and that is that +when they find themselves about to engage in some mighty and perilous +adventure in which there is manifest danger of losing their lives, they +never at the moment of engaging in it think of commending themselves to +God, as is the duty of every good Christian in like peril; instead of +which they commend themselves to their ladies with as much devotion as if +these were their gods, a thing which seems to me to savour somewhat of +heathenism." + +"Sir," answered Don Quixote, "that cannot be on any account omitted, and +the knight-errant would be disgraced who acted otherwise: for it is usual +and customary in knight-errantry that the knight-errant, who on engaging +in any great feat of arms has his lady before him, should turn his eyes +towards her softly and lovingly, as though with them entreating her to +favour and protect him in the hazardous venture he is about to undertake, +and even though no one hear him, he is bound to say certain words between +his teeth, commending himself to her with all his heart, and of this we +have innumerable instances in the histories. Nor is it to be supposed +from this that they are to omit commending themselves to God, for there +will be time and opportunity for doing so while they are engaged in their +task." + +"For all that," answered the traveller, "I feel some doubt still, because +often I have read how words will arise between two knights-errant, and +from one thing to another it comes about that their anger kindles and +they wheel their horses round and take a good stretch of field, and then +without any more ado at the top of their speed they come to the charge, +and in mid-career they are wont to commend themselves to their ladies; +and what commonly comes of the encounter is that one falls over the +haunches of his horse pierced through and through by his antagonist's +lance, and as for the other, it is only by holding on to the mane of his +horse that he can help falling to the ground; but I know not how the dead +man had time to commend himself to God in the course of such rapid work +as this; it would have been better if those words which he spent in +commending himself to his lady in the midst of his career had been +devoted to his duty and obligation as a Christian. Moreover, it is my +belief that all knights-errant have not ladies to commend themselves to, +for they are not all in love." + +"That is impossible," said Don Quixote: "I say it is impossible that +there could be a knight-errant without a lady, because to such it is as +natural and proper to be in love as to the heavens to have stars: most +certainly no history has been seen in which there is to be found a +knight-errant without an amour, and for the simple reason that without +one he would be held no legitimate knight but a bastard, and one who had +gained entrance into the stronghold of the said knighthood, not by the +door, but over the wall like a thief and a robber." + +"Nevertheless," said the traveller, "if I remember rightly, I think I +have read that Don Galaor, the brother of the valiant Amadis of Gaul, +never had any special lady to whom he might commend himself, and yet he +was not the less esteemed, and was a very stout and famous knight." + +To which our Don Quixote made answer, "Sir, one solitary swallow does not +make summer; moreover, I know that knight was in secret very deeply in +love; besides which, that way of falling in love with all that took his +fancy was a natural propensity which he could not control. But, in short, +it is very manifest that he had one alone whom he made mistress of his +will, to whom he commended himself very frequently and very secretly, for +he prided himself on being a reticent knight." + +"Then if it be essential that every knight-errant should be in love," +said the traveller, "it may be fairly supposed that your worship is so, +as you are of the order; and if you do not pride yourself on being as +reticent as Don Galaor, I entreat you as earnestly as I can, in the name +of all this company and in my own, to inform us of the name, country, +rank, and beauty of your lady, for she will esteem herself fortunate if +all the world knows that she is loved and served by such a knight as your +worship seems to be." + +At this Don Quixote heaved a deep sigh and said, "I cannot say positively +whether my sweet enemy is pleased or not that the world should know I +serve her; I can only say in answer to what has been so courteously asked +of me, that her name is Dulcinea, her country El Toboso, a village of La +Mancha, her rank must be at least that of a princess, since she is my +queen and lady, and her beauty superhuman, since all the impossible and +fanciful attributes of beauty which the poets apply to their ladies are +verified in her; for her hairs are gold, her forehead Elysian fields, her +eyebrows rainbows, her eyes suns, her cheeks roses, her lips coral, her +teeth pearls, her neck alabaster, her bosom marble, her hands ivory, her +fairness snow, and what modesty conceals from sight such, I think and +imagine, as rational reflection can only extol, not compare." + +"We should like to know her lineage, race, and ancestry," said Vivaldo. + +To which Don Quixote replied, "She is not of the ancient Roman Curtii, +Caii, or Scipios, nor of the modern Colonnas or Orsini, nor of the +Moncadas or Requesenes of Catalonia, nor yet of the Rebellas or +Villanovas of Valencia; Palafoxes, Nuzas, Rocabertis, Corellas, Lunas, +Alagones, Urreas, Foces, or Gurreas of Aragon; Cerdas, Manriques, +Mendozas, or Guzmans of Castile; Alencastros, Pallas, or Meneses of +Portugal; but she is of those of El Toboso of La Mancha, a lineage that +though modern, may furnish a source of gentle blood for the most +illustrious families of the ages that are to come, and this let none +dispute with me save on the condition that Zerbino placed at the foot of +the trophy of Orlando's arms, saying, + +'These let none move Who dareth not his might with Roland prove.'" + +"Although mine is of the Cachopins of Laredo," said the traveller, "I +will not venture to compare it with that of El Toboso of La Mancha, +though, to tell the truth, no such surname has until now ever reached my +ears." + +"What!" said Don Quixote, "has that never reached them?" + +The rest of the party went along listening with great attention to the +conversation of the pair, and even the very goatherds and shepherds +perceived how exceedingly out of his wits our Don Quixote was. Sancho +Panza alone thought that what his master said was the truth, knowing who +he was and having known him from his birth; and all that he felt any +difficulty in believing was that about the fair Dulcinea del Toboso, +because neither any such name nor any such princess had ever come to his +knowledge though he lived so close to El Toboso. They were going along +conversing in this way, when they saw descending a gap between two high +mountains some twenty shepherds, all clad in sheepskins of black wool, +and crowned with garlands which, as afterwards appeared, were, some of +them of yew, some of cypress. Six of the number were carrying a bier +covered with a great variety of flowers and branches, on seeing which one +of the goatherds said, "Those who come there are the bearers of +Chrysostom's body, and the foot of that mountain is the place where he +ordered them to bury him." They therefore made haste to reach the spot, +and did so by the time those who came had laid the bier upon the ground, +and four of them with sharp pickaxes were digging a grave by the side of +a hard rock. They greeted each other courteously, and then Don Quixote +and those who accompanied him turned to examine the bier, and on it, +covered with flowers, they saw a dead body in the dress of a shepherd, to +all appearance of one thirty years of age, and showing even in death that +in life he had been of comely features and gallant bearing. Around him on +the bier itself were laid some books, and several papers open and folded; +and those who were looking on as well as those who were opening the grave +and all the others who were there preserved a strange silence, until one +of those who had borne the body said to another, "Observe carefully, +Ambrosia if this is the place Chrysostom spoke of, since you are anxious +that what he directed in his will should be so strictly complied with." + +"This is the place," answered Ambrosia "for in it many a time did my poor +friend tell me the story of his hard fortune. Here it was, he told me, +that he saw for the first time that mortal enemy of the human race, and +here, too, for the first time he declared to her his passion, as +honourable as it was devoted, and here it was that at last Marcela ended +by scorning and rejecting him so as to bring the tragedy of his wretched +life to a close; here, in memory of misfortunes so great, he desired to +be laid in the bowels of eternal oblivion." Then turning to Don Quixote +and the travellers he went on to say, "That body, sirs, on which you are +looking with compassionate eyes, was the abode of a soul on which Heaven +bestowed a vast share of its riches. That is the body of Chrysostom, who +was unrivalled in wit, unequalled in courtesy, unapproached in gentle +bearing, a phoenix in friendship, generous without limit, grave without +arrogance, gay without vulgarity, and, in short, first in all that +constitutes goodness and second to none in all that makes up misfortune. +He loved deeply, he was hated; he adored, he was scorned; he wooed a wild +beast, he pleaded with marble, he pursued the wind, he cried to the +wilderness, he served ingratitude, and for reward was made the prey of +death in the mid-course of life, cut short by a shepherdess whom he +sought to immortalise in the memory of man, as these papers which you see +could fully prove, had he not commanded me to consign them to the fire +after having consigned his body to the earth." + +"You would deal with them more harshly and cruelly than their owner +himself," said Vivaldo, "for it is neither right nor proper to do the +will of one who enjoins what is wholly unreasonable; it would not have +been reasonable in Augustus Caesar had he permitted the directions left +by the divine Mantuan in his will to be carried into effect. So that, +Senor Ambrosia while you consign your friend's body to the earth, you +should not consign his writings to oblivion, for if he gave the order in +bitterness of heart, it is not right that you should irrationally obey +it. On the contrary, by granting life to those papers, let the cruelty of +Marcela live for ever, to serve as a warning in ages to come to all men +to shun and avoid falling into like danger; or I and all of us who have +come here know already the story of this your love-stricken and +heart-broken friend, and we know, too, your friendship, and the cause of +his death, and the directions he gave at the close of his life; from +which sad story may be gathered how great was the cruelty of Marcela, the +love of Chrysostom, and the loyalty of your friendship, together with the +end awaiting those who pursue rashly the path that insane passion opens +to their eyes. Last night we learned the death of Chrysostom and that he +was to be buried here, and out of curiosity and pity we left our direct +road and resolved to come and see with our eyes that which when heard of +had so moved our compassion, and in consideration of that compassion and +our desire to prove it if we might by condolence, we beg of you, +excellent Ambrosia, or at least I on my own account entreat you, that +instead of burning those papers you allow me to carry away some of them." + +And without waiting for the shepherd's answer, he stretched out his hand +and took up some of those that were nearest to him; seeing which Ambrosio +said, "Out of courtesy, senor, I will grant your request as to those you +have taken, but it is idle to expect me to abstain from burning the +remainder." + +Vivaldo, who was eager to see what the papers contained, opened one of +them at once, and saw that its title was "Lay of Despair." + +Ambrosio hearing it said, "That is the last paper the unhappy man wrote; +and that you may see, senor, to what an end his misfortunes brought him, +read it so that you may be heard, for you will have time enough for that +while we are waiting for the grave to be dug." + +"I will do so very willingly," said Vivaldo; and as all the bystanders +were equally eager they gathered round him, and he, reading in a loud +voice, found that it ran as follows. + + + + + +End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of The History of Don Quixote, Vol. I., +Part 4., by Miguel de Cervantes + +*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK DON QUIXOTE, PART 4 *** + +***** This file should be named 5906.txt or 5906.zip ***** +This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: + https://www.gutenberg.org/5/9/0/5906/ + +Produced by David Widger + +Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions +will be renamed. + +Creating the works from public domain print editions means that no +one owns a United States copyright in these works, so the Foundation +(and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United States without +permission and without paying copyright royalties. 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