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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..a358d51 --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #60823 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/60823) diff --git a/old/60823-8.txt b/old/60823-8.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 3e52389..0000000 --- a/old/60823-8.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3546 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897, by Various - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and -most other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll -have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using -this ebook. - - - -Title: Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: December 1, 2019 [EBook #60823] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S ROUND TABLE] - -Copyright, 1897, by HARPER & BROTHERS. All Rights Reserved. - - * * * * * - -PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK, TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 1897. FIVE CENTS A COPY. - -VOL. XVIII.--NO. 905. TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. - - * * * * * - - - - -[Illustration] - -THE BATTLE OF OPEQUAN CREEK. - -BY RICHARD BARRY. - - -General Sheridan, despite the reputation he had gained for dashing, -reckless bravery, was withal a cautious commander. He did not believe in -making long forced marches and hurling tired troops at an intrenched -enemy. The success of a charge, in his mind, was due entirely to the -freshness of the men, the fierceness of the onslaught, and the surprise -occasioned to the enemy by sudden and unexpected movement. - -Early in the month of September, 1864, Sheridan's army was encamped in -the hills looking down into the little valley of the Opequan, a small, -crooked stream about four miles from the town of Winchester. On the -opposite side of the creek the Confederate army under General Early was -intrenched in a strong position. The banks of the stream were steep and -the crossings deep, requiring much care in fording. - -For more than ten days the two armies fronted each other without sign of -an advance on either part. But Early was on the defensive, and Sheridan -was preparing a plan of attack that it was hoped would rout him -completely; and if everything had worked to his entire satisfaction, it -might have resulted in the capture of the whole Confederate army before -the forces had time to fall back upon Winchester. By the afternoon of -the 18th these plans had been perfected; the commanders of divisions -and the cavalry leaders had received their orders. The privates knew -from the hurrying of orderlies and the sending of despatches that they -would soon be on the move. There was little sleep that night for the -blue-clad men. Ammunition was dealt out, tents were struck, and troopers -and infantry lay down with their arms beside them. At 2 A.M. word was -passed for the regiment to fall in line, and the great advance was -begun. General Merritt's cavalry was ordered to proceed to the Opequan -and cross at the fords near the bridge of the Winchester and Potomac -Railroad. Merritt was ordered to cross at daylight, to turn to the left -and attack the Confederate flank. - -General Wilson's division, followed by the infantry, was to clear the -crossings of the Opequan on the road leading from Berryville to -Winchester. South of the town was Abraham's Creek; it emptied into the -Opequan and flanked the line of the Confederate intrenchments. On the -north was a similar creek, named the Red Bud, which served the same -purpose. Along these natural fortifications, and spreading across the -rise of ground on the farther side of the Opequan, lay the whole force -of Early's army. It was Sheridan's intention to take the centre first -and overthrow it before the rest of the Confederate army, which was -somewhat scattered, could come up to its assistance. - -As it is of the cavalry's work in this fight that this short paper -treats, it is best to move at once to the right of the Union line, where -the mounted forces were expected to ford the creek. - -It was almost pitch dark, and a few minutes after two in the morning, -when the Second United States Cavalry, under the command of Captain -T. F. Rodenbough, moved with the reserve brigade of the First Cavalry -Division down the sloping ground toward the valley of the stream. -Early's outposts and pickets were met some time before the ford was -reached. There were a few hasty shots exchanged in the darkness, without -any damage being done, and then the mounted pickets crossed to the -safety of their own lines on the farther side. - -A small force of the Union cavalry was dismounted on the road, and the -outbuildings of a farm-house were occupied by a reserve force; while the -regiment was deployed, mounted, in the fields to the right and left of -the ruins of the old railroad bridge. Nothing was standing of this -structure but the stone abutments. The bridge that crossed the creek -diagonally to the roadway had been destroyed, but the water was fordable -on either side. Now the forces waited for daylight. Long before the sun -rose, as the dim light spread and widened, the enemy's infantry pickets -could be seen hurriedly making preparations to resist any attempt at -crossing on the part of the waiting cavalry. - -The bank of the creek was very steep and thickly wooded. The leaves were -yet on the trees, and the dark masses of armed men could be seen -distinctly here and there in the few clearings. The railroad entered the -hill-side through a deep cut, forming a ready-made intrenchment for the -enemy's infantry and riflemen. One of the stone abutments and the -adjoining pier were close to the entrance of the cut, and formed an -angle with a wooded bluff directly in line with it. - -Despite the fact that the men had been in the saddle almost the whole -night, they were keen to move; and before sunrise General Merritt, in -command of the First Division, ordered Colonel Lowell, who led the -reserve brigade, to carry the ford and effect a lodgement on the farther -bank. At once Colonel Lowell dismounted a portion of his command, and -with a cheer the men dashed into the water, and holding their carbines -high above their heads, plashed through the stream, many standing -waist-deep and replying to the fire that was poured into them. The Fifth -United States Cavalry and a portion of the Second Massachusetts infantry -followed at once. - -Rodenbough, who had been waiting with his men in one of the fields on -the hill-side, received his orders to move. With a loud shout the -regiment charged down the side of the hill to one side of the slowly -advancing men on foot, dashed pell-mell through the ford, and, in the -face of a terrible fire from the enemy's infantry, swept up the opposite -incline on a dead run, making for the railway cut, where the -Confederates were completely hidden from the Union fire. - -The Second had by this time made the solid ground, and charged also, -without firing a shot until it gained the crest of the cut. The -Confederates, who had not expected such an onslaught, threw down their -arms as the mounted men poured over the sides of the embankment down -upon them. Many started to run, but were taken prisoners, and it was a -joyful sight for the commander of the cavalry to notice, as he reformed -his line, that there were but few saddles empty. But in the early -advance, before Rodenbough's cavalry had reached the crossing, the -musket fire concentrated upon the ford was simply terrific. - -Colonel W. H. Harrison, late Captain of the Second Cavalry, describes an -experience through which no man would like to pass a second time. - -"Lieutenant Wells, myself, and two orderlies, mounted, were -unfortunately imprisoned in the archway between the abutment and -adjacent pier on the enemy's side, the bullets, hot from the muzzles of -their guns, striking the abutment, pier, and water like leaden hail. We -were face to face with the enemy, yet powerless to harm him. Our only -salvation was to hug the abutment until that portion of the regiment -immediately on our left had gained the crest of the cut. Minutes were -long drawn out, and in a fit of impatience Lieutenant Wells rashly -attempted to take a peep beyond the corner of the abutment, thus -exposing his horse, which instantly received a serious wound in the -shoulder. The writer, with equal rashness, attempted to recross the -creek, and when in the middle of it heartily wished himself under the -protection of his good friend the abutment, the bullets being so -neighborly and so fresh from the musket as to have that peculiar sound -incident to dropping water on a very hot stove. Suddenly the cheers of -our men apprised us that the crest of the cut had been gained and a -portion of the enemy's infantry captured." - -By the time the sun was up above the trees, the reserve brigade had -gained the coveted position across the Opequan, connecting with Custer's -forces on the left, which had gallantly carried the ford three-quarters -of a mile below. - -And now the roll of musketry and the thunder of cannon let every one -know that the main infantry line under General Sheridan had commenced -action. It was a cheerful sound to those on the flank, who had no -inkling of how matters were going on either side of them. The advance -was made at an eager pace, and confidence and determination were evident -from the looks and actions of the officers and men. But the enemy fell -back a few miles toward Winchester, and it was not until almost noon -that any resistance was met with, except for the occasional shots of the -pickets and rear-guard. - -It was about this hour that Sheridan's forces were ready to advance -along the entire line. Early had gathered all his strength and met them -with a terrific fire. The battle raged with the greatest fury. Both -sides were now fighting in open sight of each other, and the slaughter -was dreadful, especially at the centre. General Merritt, whose cavalry -had been following the Confederate General Breckenridge, charged again, -and drove their broken cavalry through the infantry line, which he -struck first in the rear, and afterwards face to face as it charged -front to meet him. General Devin charged with his brigade, and turning, -sought the shelter of the main force, bringing with him three battle -flags and more than three hundred prisoners. - -A line of the enemy's infantry was perceived at the edge of the heavy -belt of timber, protected by rail barricades which they had hastily -constructed on their front. Here they had evidently determined upon -making a stand, for they waved their battle flags and showed in such -considerable numbers that the cavalry line halted before them. As a -critic of this battle has said, it seemed almost foolhardy to charge a -line of infantry so well posted and protected, but the First Brigade and -the Second United States Cavalry, at the word "Forward! Charge!" dashed -across an open field and through a tangle of underbrush, and in the -face of a fearful fire poured into them, rode straight up to the -barricade. But, alas! it was but a brilliant display of courage and -determination. None of the flaunting battle flags was captured, and the -broken remnant was obliged to retire hastily and in some disorder to -their comrades who had watched their gallant effort. - -A thrilling little incident happened in this charge, although it had -lasted but a few minutes. When within a few yards of the barricades, -Captain Rodenbough, who was well in advance, had his horse shot under -him, killed almost in his tracks. His men swept by him full tilt to the -line of wooden breastworks, and as they turned to ride back over the -same ground, Orderly Sergeant Schmidt of Company K, mounted on a -powerful gray horse, noticed his commander disentangling himself from -his fallen mount. The sergeant rode up, reining in with difficulty, -helped Captain Rodenbough to clamber up behind him, and, carrying -double, the good charger crossed the open space in safety. But let an -eye-witness tell the story of the last charge of the day, when the -entire division was formed, and rode together knee to knee at the -well-intrenched barrier and the double line of the enemy, who certainly -had the advantage of position. - -"It was well towards four o'clock, and though the sun was warm, the air -was cool and bracing. The ground to our front was open and level, in -some places as smooth as a well-cut lawn. Not an obstacle intervened -between us and the enemy's line, which was distinctly seen nervously -awaiting our attack. The brigade was in column of squadrons, the Second -United States Cavalry in front. - -"At the sound of the bugle we took the trot, the gallop, and then the -charge. As we neared their line we were welcomed by a fearful musketry -fire, which temporarily confused the leading squadron, and caused the -entire brigade to oblique slightly to the right. Instantly officers -cried out, 'Forward! Forward!' The men raised their sabres, and -responded to the command with deafening cheers. Within a hundred yards -of the enemy's line we struck a blind ditch, but crossed it without -breaking our front. In a moment we were face to face with the enemy. -They stood as if awed by the heroism of the brigade, and in an instant -broke in complete rout, our men sabring them as they vainly sought -safety in flight. In this charge the battery and many prisoners were -captured. Our own loss was severe, and of the officers of the Second, -Captain Rodenbough lost an arm and Lieutenant Harrison wag taken -prisoner. - -"It was the writer's misfortune to be captured, but not until six -hundred yards beyond where the enemy was first struck, and when -dismounted in front of their second line by his horse falling. Nor did -he suffer the humiliation of a surrender of his sabre, for as he fell to -the ground with stunning force its point entered the sod several inches, -wellnigh doubling the blade, which, in its recoil, tore the knot from -his wrist, flying many feet through the air. - -"Instantly a crowd of cavalry and infantry officers and men surrounded -him, vindictive and threatening in their actions, but unable to repress -such expressions as these: 'Great heavens! what a fearful charge!' 'How -grandly you sailed in!' 'What brigade?' 'What regiment?' As the reply -proudly came, 'Reserve Brigade, Second United States Cavalry,' they -fairly tore his clothing off, taking his gold watch and chain, -pocket-book, cap, and even spurs, and then turned him over to four -infantrymen. What a translation--yea, transformation! The confusion, -disorder, and actual rout produced by the successive charges of -Merritt's First Cavalry Division would appear incredible did not the -writer actually witness them. To the right, a battery, with guns -disabled and caissons shattered, was trying to make to the rear, the men -and horses impeded by broken regiments of cavalry and infantry. To the -left, the dead and wounded in confused masses around their field -hospitals--many of the wounded, in great excitement, seeking shelter in -Winchester. Directly in front an ambulance, the driver nervously -clutching the reins, while six men, in great alarm, were carrying to it -the body of General Rhodes. Not being able to account for the bullets -which kept whizzing past, the writer turned and faced our own lines to -discover the cause and, if possible, to catch a last sight of the stars -and stripes. - -"The sun was well down in the west, mellowing everything with that -peculiar golden hue which is the charm of our autumn days. To the left, -our cavalry were forming for another and final charge. To the right -front, our infantry, in unbroken line, in the face of the enemy's deadly -musketry, with banners unfurled, now enveloped in smoke, now bathed in -the golden glory of the setting sun, were seen slowly but steadily -pressing forward. Suddenly, above the almost deafening din and tumult of -the conflict, an exultant shout broke forth, and simultaneously our -cavalry and infantry line charged. As he stood on tiptoe to see the -lines crash together, himself and guards were suddenly caught in the -confused tide of a thoroughly beaten army--cavalry, artillery, and -infantry--broken, demoralized, and routed, hurrying through Winchester." - - * * * * * - -RING AROUND THE ROSY. - -Jack was sitting quietly by the fire the other day, doing no harm to -anybody, when a young person who thought well of himself rushed in and -attacked him with the assertion, "You can't do that!" - -The boy held out a card, upon which was drawn a dot in the centre of a -circle, and repeated his challenge: - -"You can't draw that figure without taking your pencil off the paper!" - -[Illustration] - -Jack looked up and smiled. He bent one end of the card over, made a dot -with his pencil on the face of it just at the margin of the part folded -over, after which he moved the pencil across the overlying paper to the -point where he wished to begin his circle; then he let the line slip off -on to the face of the card, allowed the bent-over portion to fly back, -and finished the "ring around the rosy" without once taking his pencil -off the paper. This done, he handed the card to his friend, and went on -studying the fire, without a word. It is great to be great! - - * * * * * - -HE TOOK ONE LOAD. - -It is reported of the late William H. Vanderbilt that his father, the -Commodore, did not give his son, when a young man, much credit for -business ability. Absolute verification of this is doubtful, but a good -story is told of an incident wherein the son proved that he too carried -in his head some of the astuteness in commercial intercourse that his -father possessed. The Commodore presented him with a farm on Staten -Island, informing him that he might live there, and to make the land -pay, as that was all he cared to contribute towards the lad's support. A -short time later the Commodore inquired of his son how he was getting -along. - -"Not very good, father," the young man replied. "What I need badly is -some means of improving the earth." - -"Well, suppose you go up to my stables and get a load of refuse; but -mind, I shall only give you one load." - -"All right," replied the son, and he took one load; but, to the -astonishment of the Commodore, when he went to the stables they had been -entirely cleaned. - -"How many loads did that boy of mine cart away from here?" he inquired -of the stableman. - -"One, sir," replied that functionary; "but he carried the stuff away in -a _barge_, sir." - - - - -LIFE IN THE WHITE HOUSE. - -BY LUCY C. LILLIE. - - -Once in every four years one lady in the land is called upon to -undertake the most onerous of its social duties--those of mistress of -the White House--duties which, though attended by fewer formalities, are -scarcely less exacting than those of crowned Queen or Princess Royal in -a foreign court. Indeed, one may safely affirm that they are far more -fatiguing, since the lady of the White House must be equally courteous, -attentive, and considerate to all with whom she comes in contact, her -doorway excluding only the ragged or disorderly, Betsey Brown, from the -remotest village in Maine, enjoying the same right to call upon the -President's wife which belongs to the leading society belle of the day, -the male members of the two families having shared in electing their -President to his office of ruler of the nation. Simple, however, as the -etiquette of the White House may be, it is governed by certain rules and -customs handed down from one ruler to the next--modified or changed -according to the times, but in the main suggested by a spirit of -republican simplicity and cosmopolitan good-breeding. - -[Illustration: THE WHITE HOUSE.] - -The President's family occupy a suite of rooms as secluded as possible -from public view. They have their own staff of servants under a trained -steward and housekeeper; their own personal friends are received and -entertained with as much privacy as though the dwelling were not, in -part, an official residence. The "state apartments," open to the public -at fixed days and hours, include the Red Room, Blue Room, the galleries, -etc., about which is a romantic as well as historic interest; and in -turn various people are entertained therein as a matter of prescribed -formality. All Senators, Congressmen, and their wives and families, -foreign diplomats, visitors of any distinction, above and beyond all, -the "army and navy," are not only to be received, but during the short -winter season specially entertained, a series of dinners and receptions -being planned for this purpose. - -[Illustration: THE NURSERY.] - -And meanwhile, is there time, one asks, for much home life in the White -House? As a matter of fact, few home circles are more comfortably and -agreeably managed than that of the President's family, provided, of -course, the "all-ruling spirit"--the _mother_--has within herself that -gracious gift which makes the fireside of home a radiant centre. "Mrs. -President's" day can be very closely outlined, excepting, of course, -such incidents as may occur at any time to alter the programme or such -plans as result from her own personality, and unless she elects to add -to her domestic cares, she need have nothing whatever to do with -housekeeping matters. - -Breakfast in the White House from time immemorial has been a social -family gathering, and generally takes place about nine o'clock. After -this the President's wife usually goes for a drive, during which she -attends to any personal shopping, either visiting the shops herself or -sending in her maid with orders, and it is one of the unwritten laws, -closely adhered to, that every item purchased shall be scrupulously and -promptly paid for--the system of "patronage" so extensively adopted in -many foreign countries not holding good, thank fortune, in our -republican government. Unless she especially desires to do so, the -President's wife makes no calls, one rule of the administration being -the blessed one which prohibits her returning any visits. She is -therefore free from the terrible social bore and strain--a round of -formal calls. Returning from her morning drive, she may be called upon -to receive some guest who is invited to luncheon. - -The methods of approaching the mistress of the White House or its ladies -are pre-eminently simple. If the visitor has a special introduction, he -or she can send this by messenger, receiving an answer through one of -the President's secretaries. Generally a day and hour will be fixed for -the guest to call at the White House, when he or she will be received as -in any other mansion, the degree of formality being regulated by that of -the introduction. An invitation to luncheon or dinner may -follow--possibly to some afternoon drive or theatre party. On levee days -some of the ladies of the cabinet, or it may be wives of special members -of the Senate or Congress, the army or navy, etc., receive with the -President's wife, relieving her in part of the fatigue of these weekly -ceremonials. However, it is all so smoothly and agreeably managed that -in the course of many administrations the complaints of lack of -courtesy have been very few. - -[Illustration: MRS. CLEVELAND'S DRAWING-ROOM.] - -As I have said, the White House is replete with historic and romantic -interest. On October 13, 1792, its cornerstone was laid with Masonic -ceremonies, and seven years passed before its completion. The original -plan called for three stories, but the public raised the cry of economy, -and it was cut down to two stories and basement. The entire expense of -building the White House, including furnishings, repairs, etc., up to -the year 1814, amounted to the small sum of $334,000. - -It was first occupied just ninety-six years ago by President John Adams, -and various were the struggles to keep it in even ordinary repair. Mrs. -Adams, its first mistress, was dissatisfied with the place, and her -complaints were varied and numerous. She wrote that "the rooms were -large and barren, and that it took a great deal of money to keep them in -proper order. Everything is on too grand a scale." It is amusing to know -that this lady used what is now called the great state drawing-room to -dry the family linen in, stretching the clothes-lines from one wall to -another. - -[Illustration: A RECEPTION IN THE WHITE HOUSE.] - -After the decisive battle fought at Bladensburg, Maryland, in the war of -1812, the British advanced upon Washington. President Madison was in the -rear of the American lines, and seeing that the city was lost, he sent -word to his wife to escape. That noble lady's first thought was to save -Stuart's celebrated oil portrait of George Washington, which hung in the -White House. Hastening to the room, she had it taken from the wall and -carried to the retreating ranks of the American army, thus saving for -the republic one of its greatest art treasures. It was during this -invasion that the White House obtained its name from the coat of white -paint applied to its surface after the burning of its main building. -Numberless suggestions have been made to enlarge the official residence, -but the public objected. Its present occupation, doubtless, will end -with the close of the century and its hundred years of life, since the -needs and demands of the President's family and the public have outgrown -its proportions and capacity. But it will forever be associated with all -that has made our nation important. Tragedy has gone hand in hand with -festivity within its walls more than once. The great men of the country -have sat in its rooms in grimmest council, when the fate of the nation -hung in the balance of a decision that sent a messenger at daybreak -flying from the White House gates. Twice its doors have opened to -receive a murdered President, and again the joy bells have rung to honor -a bride, and a child born in its "purple," yet who lived to toil for her -daily bread far from friends and home. It cannot be parted with or even -altered carelessly, yet unquestionably its fate is sealed. With the -close of the century its story of a hundred years will be told. - - - - -THE PAINTED DESERT. - -A STORY OF NORTHERN ARIZONA. - -BY KIRK MUNROE, - -AUTHOR OF "RICK DALE," "THE FUR-SEAL'S TOOTH," "SNOW-SHOES AND SLEDGES," -"THE MATE SERIES," ETC. - - -CHAPTER III. - -LOST ON THE PAINTED DESERT. - -Filled with a determination not to become rattled by the perils -surrounding him, our young hunter at once proceeded to select a -camping-place and make his scanty preparations for passing the long -hours of darkness. With neither wood, water, nor grass to be seen in any -direction, and all places looking alike uninviting, the task was not -difficult. Dismounting, and leading his horse to a little recessed gully -at the foot of a steep bluff, which would at least afford a shelter from -the wind, Todd unsaddled, fastened the free end of the picket-rope to a -bowlder, cleared away the rocky fragments from a small space of level -sand, and unrolled his blankets. - -Thus the sorry camp was made; and as the poor boy contrasted it with the -one he had occupied but the night before--a camp of cheerful fires, -merry talk, an abundance of food, and an atmosphere of perfect -security--the horrors of his present position crowded upon him like -black forms, from which he recoiled with a shiver of apprehension. He -found in one of his pockets half a hard biscuit that remained from his -lunch of that day, and this, with a sup of lukewarm water from the -scanty supply still remaining in his canteen, formed his evening meal. -Then, with the saddle for a pillow and rifle by his side, he rolled -himself in his blankets and tried to sleep. - -For a long time he could not, and when he finally stepped into the land -of dreams they were of such an unhappy nature that he was thankful to -awake from them and find a faint dawn stealing over the weird landscape. -Both he and his pony were shivering with the chill of early morning when -he once more mounted and attempted to retrace his course of the previous -day. This, however, was soon given up as a fruitless task, for in that -region every prominent feature was reproduced over and over again with a -bewildering sameness. Then he sought for some one among the many -inaccessible sandstone bluffs by which he was surrounded that might be -climbed. Before he found such a one and gained its summit the sun was -high overhead, and blazing down with a pitiless heat. Still, on -attaining the desired elevation, the lad felt amply repaid, for not many -miles away he could plainly see a regular range of bluffs and the trees -that indicated a river. He could even catch glimpses here and there of -flashing waters. To be sure, these things did not lie in what he -believed to be the right direction; but recalling that lost persons -generally become turned about, he decided that this must have happened -in his case. Carefully noting the bearings of intervening objects, the -boy hastened down from his observatory, remounted, and began to urge his -unwilling steed over the new course thus laid out. - -For hours he travelled, wondering at the distance with each succeeding -mile, until finally, at the crest of a long and toilsome ascent, he -gained a point from which he again commanded a broad view of the -outlying country. Casting an eager glance in the direction he supposed -the river to be, the poor lad rubbed his eyes and looked again. Then, as -he realized the bitter truth that there was no river, and that he had -been the victim of a fleeting mirage, all his strength and energy seemed -to leave him, and he sank down on a fragment of rock as weak as a babe. -For some time he sat oblivious to his surroundings. He did not note the -wonderful scenery outspread as far as the eye could reach on all sides, -and upon which every other boy in the country would have considered it a -rare privilege to gaze. He had no thought save for his crushing -disappointment and his own melancholy condition. He was weak in body -from hunger, thirst, and fatigue, and heart-sick at remembrance of the -folly and disobedience that had brought him to such a pass. - -After a while a pull on the bridle-rein hanging across his arm roused -him and caused him to look up. His pony was pulling away, as though -impatient to be off. - -"I want to go as much as you do, old fellow," said the boy, sadly; "but -which way shall we turn?" - -Just then his eye lighted on a cluster of slender blue pinnacles rising -above a distant horizon, and appearing so different from all that -intervened as to seem like signs of friendly promise. At the same time -he saw, lying between him and them, a lovely rock-rimmed valley filled -with green grass and waving trees, and threaded by a sparkling stream of -water. - -The boy gazed eagerly at the beautiful picture; and then, as it became -blurred by dancing heat-waves, he closed his eyes wearily, muttering -that it was only an effect of imagination. In a minute he opened them -again, and saw the lovely valley as distinctly as before. - -"It may be real, and we'll make a try for it, at any rate," he said, -aloud, rising from the rock on which he had been sitting, and climbing -very slowly into the saddle. - -This time he was determined to gain frequent assurance that he was on -the right course. So, within half an hour after leaving the place from -which he had discovered the lovely valley, he fastened his pony by the -picket-rope to a miniature spire of sandstone, and clambered on foot to -the top of another elevated outlook. He hardly dared glance abroad, for -fear that all the things he had seen before would have vanished. No. -There at least were the slender blue peaks, looking as cool and -refreshing, but, alas! quite as distant as before. But where was the -green valley? It had disappeared, and in its place rose a range of tall -cliffs, like a great white wall, miles in length. - -It was a very cruel disappointment; but either the lad's senses were -becoming numbed by his sufferings or he had expected it, for he only -sighed wearily as he turned away. - -"The blue peaks are there, at any rate," he said to himself, as he -descended to the plain, "and I will make toward them. If I can reach -them, I know I shall be all right; and if I can't--well, I will die as -near to them as possible." - -When he regained the place where he had left his pony he had been absent -from it nearly, if not quite, an hour. Now it seemed as though he must -have made some mistake in retracing his steps, for the animal was -nowhere to be seen. There were his tracks, though, and there was the -slender shaft of rotten sandstone to which he had been fastened, freshly -broken off, and lying there upon the ground. - -"Oh, what a fool I am! What a poor blind fool!" groaned the boy, as the -full extent of this fresh disaster was made plain to him. "If I had only -let the brute have his head in the first place, he would have carried me -to the nearest water. I have often heard Mort say that a horse has a -better knowledge of such things than a man; and of course he knows, for -Mort knows everything. He knew that I was no more fit to take care of -myself than a child, and he knew I would get lost. Oh, why didn't he -send me back home, or tie me up, or do something to save me from my own -foolish self? The dear old fellow won't be bothered with me any more, -though, for we shall never meet again in this world. Poor Mort, how he -must be suffering! But I can't die here. I can't! It is too horrible! If -I could only reach those blue mountains. I wonder if there is the -slightest chance of it? I wonder how long a fellow can live and travel -without food or water? - -"Water! Oh, for a long cool drink of it! How gladly would I give the -wealth of the world to lie beside one of those springs that we passed a -day or two ago, and drink and drink and drink! Or the well at -grandfather's. Or the trout brook up in the Alleghanies. Or-- But I -mustn't think of such things or I shall go crazy, and that will be the -end of everything. I will make a try, though, for those blue mountains, -for I am sure there are springs and lovely streams in their dark cool -valley. If I can only reach them! Oh, what joy! And if I don't-- Well, I -will have done my best. Which way are they? Yes, I know--they are over -there, and if I walk all night and all day to-morrow I will surely come -to them by to-morrow night. Only twenty-four hours more, and I believe I -can hold out that long." - -So the poor lad started, and walked with uncertain steps through the -yielding sands in a direction that he believed would lead him to the -wished-for mountains. He could no longer see them, but he knew their -slender pinnacles were steadfastly uplifted like taper fingers beckoning -to him and promising pleasant things. - -Just before sunset he came to a broad opening between the clustering -mesas, through which he caught another glimpse of them, now tinged with -a rosy flush, and seeming more beautiful than before, but in a few -minutes the light faded and they were gone. Then, trembling with -weakness, the lad sat down and watched until a star rose where he had -last seen them, when, with it as a guide, he resumed his weary way. He -often stumbled, and sometimes he fell, but still he pushed on, until at -length his glittering beacon was obscured by black clouds. Then he sank -to the ground, without heart to rise again. - -For a long time he lay asleep or in a stupor, from which he might never -have awakened but for a shower of rain, that, falling on his upturned -face, roused him to consciousness. Eagerly sucking the precious fluid -from his saturated garments, and gaining fresh strength with every -life-giving drop, he waited for the dawn, and with the first hazy -glimpse of the far-away blue peaks he again staggered toward them. - -The sun rose and scorched him with its pitiless heat, until he seemed to -be treading coals of fire. Mirage after mirage danced before his -bewildered vision, with pictures of all things shady and cool and -refreshing, until his eye-sight failed him, and he groped his way amid a -darkness shot by glowing sparks. The last thing of which he was -conscious was a great white wall that seemed to rise to the sky before -him, and stretch to infinity on either side. It seemed to shut him off -completely from the blue peaks he had striven so bravely to gain, and -apparently presented an effectual barrier to any further progress. - -In that last moment his head was splitting, his brain was on fire, his -mouth and throat were like molten brass, his whole body was racked with -pain, and his feet were like leaden weights. Then all sense of suffering -was lost in a delicious laughter, and he seemed to be floating through -infinite space that was filled with the music of rippling waters. - - -CHAPTER IV. - -IN THE SHADOW OF THE GREAT WHITE MESA. - -For many hours Todd Chalmers slept heavily and dreamlessly, like one who -will never again awaken. He had wandered blindly with reeling steps for -some time after losing a consciousness of his surroundings, and had thus -unwittingly penetrated a deep cleft of the great white wall that was the -last thing upon which his despairing gaze had rested. At the inner end -of this recess he stumbled and fell over a fragment of rock. There he -lay through the long night in what was, to all appearance, his last -sleep. - -That it was not was owing wholly to his youth and the wonderful vitality -of a splendid constitution. Not more than one person in a thousand would -have lived to see another daylight under the circumstances; but our lad -was that one, and at length he began to show signs of returning life. He -moaned, shivered, and finally opened his eyes. For many minutes he lay -motionless, striving to remember what had happened and where he was. - -At length he slowly and painfully sat up. His head ached as though it -would split, his eyes were blurred, his lips and tongue were swollen, -and his limbs were heavy as lead. Still, his long rest, together with -the chill of the night just passed, had restored him to life and to a -certain degree of strength. - -Now, with the encouragement of even a slight amount of hope, he would be -ready to renew his struggle against the death that had so nearly -overpowered him. - -Thus thinking, Todd withdrew his eyes from the picture of glistening -desolation disclosed through the narrow entrance of the cavern, and -began listlessly to examine his more immediate surroundings. Slowly his -gaze roved over the hopeless walls of rock, that rose so high as to be -lost in gloom, and it was not until he had turned so as to look squarely -behind him that he found anything to arrest his attention. Then his -curiosity was aroused by a gleam of reflected light coming from beyond -and over a rocky barrier that formed a rear wall of the cavern. This -barrier did not appear to be more than ten or twelve feet high, while -above it was an open space of a few feet more, through which streamed -the light that indicated an opening of some kind beyond. - -Whatever might lie in that direction, it could not be worse than the -desert over which he had come, and it might be better. Of course that -was not at all likely, for he did not believe there was anything but -desert in that country. Still, it was worth investigating, and as Todd -did not feel strong enough to stand, he crawled painfully to the barrier -and up its easy slope. - -[Illustration: HE GAZED LONG BEFORE HE COULD BELIEVE.] - -Arrived at the top, and looking through the opening, he was greeted by a -sight so amazing that he gazed at it for nearly a minute in breathless -incredulity before he could believe in its reality. Instead of the -desert that he had expected, it seemed as though the very gates of -heaven had been suddenly opened to him. - -Outspread before his astonished eyes was one of the loveliest valleys in -the world, filled with flowers, green grass, and waving trees. It was -not more than half a mile in width, and was bounded on the further side -by another lofty wall of white rock, similar to the one he had just -penetrated. The same wall extended entirely around the upper end of the -valley, which Todd could see on his left, though to the right it -stretched away beyond his range of vision, still enclosed by parallel -walls of sheer cliffs. Though most of it still lay in cool shadow, -certain portions of the verdant landscape were already sparkling in the -morning sunlight, and from all sides came the joyous song of birds. No -smoke rose from any part of the valley that he could see, neither was -there any sign of human habitation nor sound of voices. All was as fresh -and peaceful as though it were a new creation; but even if he had been -confronted by opposing ranks of enemies, Todd would not have hesitated -to scramble down the opposite slope and enter what still seemed to him -the vale of enchantment. Its abounding verdure indicated the presence of -water, for which our poor lad was longing so desperately that he would -have thrown away life itself in an effort to obtain it. - -He had already regained the use of his limbs, and after a minute of -gazing, amazed and incredulous, he started in search of the life-giving -fluid, instantly forgetful of feebleness, aches, pains, and everything -else save the awful thirst by which he was choked. So concentrated were -his thoughts upon this one subject that he failed to realize that he was -following a distinctly marked pathway. Such was the fact, however, and -after a hundred yards it led him to the edge of that most beautiful -thing in all the world, especially when found in a land of deserts, a -spring of pure cool water. It bubbled up from a bed of exquisitely -colored sand, and was neatly walled about with rock. - -It was fortunate that Todd plunged his whole head into the spring in his -frantic eagerness to drink of its water, for he was compelled to -withdraw it, gasping for breath before he had drunk a tenth part of what -he craved. Much as he longed to drink, and drink until he could hold no -more, he had sense enough to realize the danger of such a proceeding, -and the strength of will to restrain himself. So he only lay beside the -delicious spring, bathing his face and dabbling his hands in it, taking -moderate drinks at half-minute intervals, and feeling with each one a -new life coursing through his veins. - -For an hour he remained thus in perfect contentment, devoutly thankful -for his wonderful deliverance from an awful death, and gaining strength -with every minute. Then the sensation of thirst gave way to that of -hunger. He had not thought of it before, but now he knew that he was -starving, and must eat something, even if it were only grass. So he -stood up and looked about him, recognizing for the first time that he -had followed a trail which still extended beyond the spring, beside a -stream that rippled merrily from it toward the centre of the valley. -Looking in that direction, Todd caught glimpses through the trees of a -pool or pond fed by the stream, and toward it he now made his way. - -Although in the desperation of thirst he had rushed recklessly forward -in search of water, he now proceeded with all the caution that his -hunger would permit. The path that he was following and the artificial -walling of the spring indicated so plainly the presence of human beings -in the valley that he could not neglect the warning thus conveyed. "Of -course," he argued to himself, "none but Indians could live in so -isolated and out-of-the-world place as this, and while they might prove -friendly, the chances are that they might shoot in the flurry of a -sudden discovery. So I'll try and see them before giving them a chance -to see me." - -Advancing thus slowly, and peering eagerly ahead, he had gone but a -short distance, when he was startled by the sight of a house, or rather -a stone hut, only a short distance in front of him, and near the pool he -had already noticed. For several minutes he stood motionless, regarding -it closely; then, as it presented no sign of being occupied, he moved -cautiously forward until he could command a view of its doorway, which -was closed by a curtain of skins. The walls of the hut were low, and a -stone chimney projected from its roof of coarse thatch. - -It did not look to our lad exactly like an abode of Indians, nor yet -like that of a white man, and he wondered what race of people would -greet him when his presence should be discovered. He called twice, -"Hello the house!" but receiving no answer, stepped softly to the door -and looked in. The hut was empty, and Todd drew the curtain well back, -so as to obtain plenty of light for an examination of its interior. - -A fireplace, a rude table, two equally rude stools, a bunk filled with -skins, and also a few earthenware vessels of crude design constituted -its sole furniture. The young explorer examined these things carefully, -in the hope of discovering something to eat; but, to his intense -disappointment, he did not find so much as a kernel of corn. Nor could -he learn anything concerning those to whom the hut belonged. Everything -was sufficiently primitive to be the work of Indians, and yet he had -seen equally rude furnishings in the cabins of certain white men whom he -had remembered. - -That the hut had been recently occupied was shown by fresh ashes in the -fireplace, and by a jug of water that stood on the table. Who could its -owners be? What had become of them? How would they treat him when they -discovered his invasion of their premises? And where did they store all -their provisions?--were questions that the boy asked himself over and -over again. Above all, what was he to do for something to eat? For he -was now suffering almost as much from hunger as he had from thirst an -hour before. As he gazed moodily at the cold embers of the fireplace, -deliberating these questions, he was startled by the sound of feet just -outside the hut, and a voice, apparently that of a child, calling -plaintively for its mother. - -"The folks have come home," he said to himself, "and in another minute -my fate will be decided." At the same time he stepped resolutely to the -doorway and looked out. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -[Illustration: STANDARDS IN MODERN LITERATURE - -EDMUND GOSSE] - - -A few months ago one of the youngest of the group of eccentric writers -who call themselves "Symbolists" was paying a visit to London. The -conversation in a drawing-room happened to run on the province of the -Franche-Comté, and the guest remarked, as a curious circumstance, that -no poet had ever come from that part of France. Somebody ventured to -murmur the name of Victor Hugo. "Ah! sir," replied the young Symbolist, -with a charming air of deprecation, "but we don't consider Victor Hugo a -poet!" It is obvious that, for the present at least, this particular -expression of opinion will remain rare; it was conceived in the very -foppery of paradox, of course. But it is quite conceivable that such a -judgment might spread, might become common, might become authoritative -and universal. To our generation, at all events, Victor Hugo has -appeared to be the typical poet; he and Tennyson have been named side by -side as the very types of the imaginative creator, as purveyors of -inexhaustible poetic pleasure. That is what we have all thought; but -suppose that our grandchildren determine to think the opposite, what is -to be done? Manifestly we shall be too old to whip them and too weary to -argue with them. If they decide that Victor Hugo was not a poet, that -Dickens was not amusing, that Hawthorne wrote bad novels, we shall have -to go, indignant, to our tombs, but our indignation will not convert the -younger generation. - -So far as the history of the world has yet proceeded, the standards in -literature have not been overturned in this rapid and revolutionary -manner. But nowadays, if things once begin to move, they move fast, and -we must be prepared for changes. In the parallel art of painting we have -seen the most violent and apparently the most final reversals of the -standards. It is very difficult to believe that various schools of art -which have enjoyed great popularity in the course of the present -century, and have fallen, will ever be revived. I had an uncle who -purchased the works of Mr. Frost, R.A., and a very bad bargain it has -proved to his family. Nothing is so deathly cold as the public interest -to-day in Frost; his brown satyrs and his wax-white nymphs, with -floating pink scarfs insufficiently concealing them, are not worth -sixpence now. We do not, as I have said, see these violent upheavals in -literature yet. No author who was praised and valued when Hilton or -Frost or George Jones were thought to be great masters of painting has -passed so utterly out of repute as they have. Hitherto, if a man of -letters has contrived to secure a certain amount of respect, the public -interest in him may dwindle, but it never quite disappears. Every now -and then somebody "revives" him, his poems are reprinted and praised, -his correspondence is published, he is respectfully admitted to have -been "somebody." - -The first standard in literary matters is, obviously, excellence in -execution. In other words, to write singularly well, and to be -recognized as doing so, is to achieve fame, though not necessarily -popularity. But in using the word "standard" we accept the idea, not -merely of individual excellence, but of comparison with others. In -coinage, for instance, that is called the standard which unites in what -is practically found to be the most useful combination the elements of -precise weight and fineness. Again, there is a technical sense in which -a "standard" is a type of which all other measures or instruments of the -same kind must be exact copies. In yet another signification a standard -is an ensign or flag carried on high in front of a marching army for its -encouragement and stimulus. We have to consider in what degree, and how, -without forcing language, we can form a conception of a literary -standard of excellence in style which shall unite these various -definitions. - -The precision of the eighteenth century offers us a very clear example -of the way in which the first of these ideas can be adapted to literary -illustration. When it was determined by universal consent to bind all -poetical writing down to set laws, and what was supposed to be the -precept of Aristotle, there was at first no modern standard of style. -The great object was to emulate the Latin poets; but as these writers -had used not merely another language, but other prosodical effects, a -different order of moral ideas, and totally distinct imagery, it was -necessary to find a modern substitute for imitation. Various English -poets wrote with force, but they lacked delicacy; others had fineness, -but with an insufficiency of weight. At length Pope came, who accepted -the theories of style which were current in his day, and acted upon them -with a more perfect balance of the qualities they demanded than any one -had done before him or has done since. The best parts of Pope's -writings, therefore, created a standard, and one which was of paramount -influence for nearly a century. - -Again, those who invent forms of writing which are accepted by the world -of letters as valuable additions to what we may call the tools of the -author's trade, create standards in the second sense of the word. There -does not appear to be an indefinite degree to which these forms can be -created, and when once perfected they often remain for centuries -unaltered. For instance, when an early Tuscan poet, of the age of Dante, -invented the sonnet as we now possess it, he made a thing which has been -proved to be the best possible of its sort. Ingenious people, in various -languages, for centuries past, have tried to alter the form of the -sonnet, to add to it, to retrench it; all their suggestions have proved -vain, and it remains, in the best hands, exactly what its old Italian -maker devised it in a moment of inspiration. In a lesser degree, the -forms of prose are the result of invention and adaptation, and can be -referred back, more or less indefinitely, to a standard or type. Thus -the short story has certain limitations of length and character which -distinguish it from a novel or a play or a lecture, and in discussing -the merits of an example of this species of literature, we unconsciously -hold before our minds a norm or ideal of what a short story should be. -If we speak of it as highly successful, we think of it as a close copy -in form of a typical short story which should be universally -acknowledged as the best in every technical respect. - -The third definition of a standard is one which may without difficulty -be applied to literature, but which is really a little more dangerous to -deal with than the preceding. If the standard is to be an ensign or flag -carried at the head of an army, we are confronted with an idea which is -less durable than those which we have considered. For if the army -marches with drums and trumpets, and all flags flying, it may not only -march to defeat instead of victory, but it may alter its direction, and -march back with no less pomp and noise than it marched forward. In these -conditions, its ensigns, instead of representing a fixed purpose, may be -the standards of irresolution and vacillation. We can find an exact -literary parallel for this in European taste in the seventeenth century. -The cleverness and fancy of writers, in prose and verse, and almost in -every country, led them to adopt methods of writing which strained to -the utmost the powers of language. Poetry, instead of being content to -walk and run, turned somersaults on the trapeze. As long as this was -done by very graceful and nimble intellectual athletes it gave great -pleasure, and the world of letters seemed marching to victory under this -ensign of imaginative acrobatism. But it speedily proved to have been a -mistake; the graceful athletes gave place to grotesque contortionists, -and the army of writers retreated in confusion, but slowly, doggedly, -and under the same standards of taste. There was no other way back to -health but to discard the existing ideals altogether; they were too -obstinately fixed in men's minds to make it possible to modify them. - -If we are to form any opinion with regard to that question of the -literary standard, which democratic habits of thought tend to make every -day a more dangerous one, it is manifest that we must regard it from -these three points of view, or from a combination of them. The taste of -the public is a floating, a vague impression of an amateur body with -regard to a matter which is more precisely and sharply defined by a -consensus of experts. But the experts themselves are not united, and the -precision of their views only tends to darken counsel and reduce opinion -to chaos. Unhappily a piece of literature cannot be assayed mechanically -like a piece of coinage. Under the strictest rules that ever were -enacted and a régime the most academic conceivable, there will never be -anything like unanimity regarding the excellence of a literary product. -All we can hope to reach is a general agreement of the best-trained -minds, recurrent for so many generations as to become practically -durable. - -Even in the most ancient cases, where it would be supposed that opinion -would finally have crystallized, we observe curious oscillations. Homer, -it is true, is accepted by all critics, in all nations, as the final -standard of what is admirable in heroic narrative poetry, and has for -centuries been so accepted. But what is the standard of Greek tragedy? -The study of classic criticism will show us that the standard has been -incessantly shifting from Æschylus to Sophocles and on to Euripides and -back again to Æschylus. If we wish to point to an authoritative type, we -must consider this triad as one, since no two generations agree as to -their comparative, though all to their positive merit. In like manner, -the relative value of Virgil and Theocritus, of Horace and Catullus, is -always shifting, according as the quality of the one or of the other -happens to appeal to one or to another habit of modern thought. Yet -antiquity obviously provides us with a standard of bucolic poetry, and -another of subjective and semi-social lyric, each of them settled now -beyond any probability of decay. People will go on preferring Theocritus -to Virgil, or Virgil to Theocritus, but no rational person is likely to -question again the excellence of the species of art of which these two -are the leading exponents. So there are those who prefer Dryden to Pope, -or Coleridge to Wordsworth, and to whom neither seem to present the -complete practitioner of a system. Yet no one denies, and it grows -increasingly probable that no one will ever deny, the authority of the -Pope-Dryden or of the Wordsworth-Coleridge standard of excellence, final -and unquestionable, in a particular department. Opinion, that is to say, -wavers as to the individual long after it has irrevocably accepted the -type. - -In all consideration of the past we find ourselves securely guided by -the test of technical excellence. Nothing else has preserved the -principal writers of antiquity in esteem. Mr. Lowell called style "the -great antiseptic"; good writing, in other words, is the only chemical -product which can prevent literature from corrupting and fading away. In -the days of Shakespeare there were a dozen writers who had a just right -to consider themselves more "serious seekers after truth" than the -playwright of Stratford, for they discussed graver subjects and brought -forward a weightier array of facts. Their very names are now forgotten, -while his pages grow more brilliantly vital as the years pass on. The -fancy and tenderness of Shakespeare, the wit of Molière, the sublimity -of Milton, the wisdom of Goethe, are revealed to us and preserved for us -by their style, and without it would have sunk long ago in the ocean of -oblivion. Such phrases as "the matter is the important thing, not the -manner," "never mind how he says it, but find out what he has to -say"--which are common enough on the tongues and pens of those who have -secured no grace of delivery--are pure fallacies. Style is the -atmosphere without which what is written cannot continue to breathe; it -is the indispensable medium for rendering what a man has got to say -continuously audible to the world. These are truths which we might -suppose too obvious to need repetition, since the whole history of -literature proclaims them, yet so great is the natural love of slovenly -writing and vague thinking that this heresy about the matter being far -more important than the manner is incessantly recurring. It is needful, -once more, therefore, to say as plainly as possible that without a -distinguished and appropriate manner, that is to say, without style, no -"matter" will ever have the chance to reach posterity. - -If once we resign this position as to the pre-eminent importance of -style we lose all means of measuring the standards of literature. As -long as excellence in writing is recognized as the main factor in the -formation of judgment, we are not likely to go very far wrong. We have -seen that those who permit themselves no other lamp than this may differ -as to the relative value of figures in a single group, but they unite in -their appreciation of that group itself. This is the case in the -criticism of ancient writers, and what other means have we of forming a -judgment about the moderns? As long as we are content to measure them as -we do their noble predecessors, we may make mistakes, but they will be -mistakes, not of principle, but only of detail. The moment that we allow -ourselves to believe that modern writing, the authorship of to-day, is -distinct in kind from that of the old masters, and can be measured by -different standards, we have resigned ourselves to a heresy, and are in -imminent peril of encouraging literary anarchy. - -It is a mistake to be too yielding and shy in expressing a conviction -which has been gravely formed on serious grounds. Those who love the -more austere and splendid parts of literature will always find -themselves in a minority in every collection of persons. It is probable -that if the prestige of _Paradise Lost_ had to depend upon popular -suffrage, no majority of citizens in any part of the English-speaking -world would be willing honestly to admit that they admired it or could -read it with pleasure. That does not prevent it from being one of the -most glorious, most enviable and unique possessions of the race. On -questions of the literary standard it is the majority which is always -wrong. The majority likes a warm easy book, without pretension, -unambitiously written, on a level with the experience of the vast -semi-educated classes of our society. "One man, one vote," extended to -the domain of literary taste, would mean the absolute and final -extinction of all distinguished masterpieces. - -But in every generation there is a remnant which occupies itself with -beauty and distinction. The individuals of this little group fight among -themselves about the details of excellence, but they guard, as in a pyx -or shrine, the primal idea of that excellence and a general sense of its -formal character. Outside this small class of experts there is a large -body of the public which recognizes its authority and is docile to its -directions. Again, outside is the vast concourse of persons competent to -read and write, but no more capable of forming an opinion than is the -dog that barks at their shadow or the discreeter cat that curls at their -fireside and says nothing. It has often occurred to me as a grave -speculation how long this vast dumb force of untrained readers will be -content to be silent. How long will they have the good nature to pretend -to respect the things which they cannot enjoy? Flattered as the average -man or woman is in these days, accustomed to hear the voice of democracy -praying for votes on every subject, how soon will the average reader -pluck up courage to say to himself, "I do not like the novels of -Thackeray nearly so much as I do those of E. P. Roe, and I do not intend -to allow anybody to persuade me that they are better?" Questioning the -standards of taste, refusing to bow to traditional canons of -criticism--this is the Red Spectre which I dread to see arise in the -midst of our millions of half-trained readers. - -But the cure will probably come from the very nature of the disease. If -we put a dangerous power in the hands of the crowd by the infinite -facilities given nowadays to reading and the discussion of books, we -support the traditions of literature by giving unprecedented -opportunities to persons of native capacity to fortify themselves in the -truth. No boy, nowadays, in the whole English-speaking world, can wholly -refrain from indulgence in literary pleasures, if an appetite for such -enjoyments have been born in him. In some newspaper, in some cheap -reprint, that which is exquisite and final, that which is assimilated to -the inviolable standards of excellence, must meet his eye and be -accepted by him. The enemies of literature may become extremely -numerous; they will remain languid and blundering; its friends will be -always few, perhaps, but they will be ardent and active. That the good -tradition may be swamped for a time in some Commune of the intellect -seems to me very possible, but that it should be lost, that it should go -down altogether into the deeps of anarchical vulgarity, that, happily, -is not to be believed. - -Meanwhile, every one who, however humbly, is devoted to what is nobly -and purely said in prose and verse, may do his or her part to prevent -even a temporary descent into barbarism. The only way to become -sensitive to what literary excellence is, is to study and re-study those -books which have stood the assaults of time, and are as fresh to-day as -when they were written. It is not to be expected that to any one taste -all these books, in their various classes, will appear equally -delightful. But it is from a wide acquaintance with these, and a -reverent and affectionate wish to discover their charm, that literary -appreciation grows. If once we are convinced that there is a standard, -that a well-written book is distinguishable from a dull and slovenly -one, that style is not a vain ornament, but as essential to literary -life as oxygen is to a human being, then, without affectation or -priggishness, every man may become a sober lover of the best, and may -feel that though certain specimens of literary work may go up and down -in public esteem, the central standards are firm and the laws of -intellectual beauty immutable. - - - - -[Illustration] - -THE LAUGHY-MAN. - - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! laughing all day, - Laughing the sunshiny hours away, - Laughing and kicking his little pink heels - Just to impress us with how good he feels! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! waking to play, - Waking to laugh at the first peep o' day, - Waking to churn up the blanket and sheet, - Like waves of the sea, with his fists and his feet! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! lying abed, - Lying there wagging his cherubin head, - Lying there, merry, a bundle of love - Sent to our home by the seraphs above! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - - - -[Illustration: FOR SALE:--A WARRIOR - -by Philip V. Mighels.] - - -There were seven kinds of Indians at the back of the largest hotel of -the Western town--dirty and dirtier, which is two; young and old, which -is four; male and female, making six; and one little clean pappoose. -This latter tiny bit of aboriginal humanity was a chubby, round-faced, -bright-eyed little tike, with the blackest of hair and the most bronze -of complexions. He was playing around alone inside a close high board -fence at the rear of the large hotel, his only shirt cut off at the -knees, displaying a fat brownish pair of dimpled legs that were warm -enough in spite of the fact of their bareness in the chilling air. - -Presently around the corner came a trotting, smiling Chinaman, a vender -of vegetables. A long slender pole, carved flat and tapering toward the -ends, was balanced on his shoulder, and from either end, suspended by a -bridle composed of four strings, hung a huge bamboo basket. - -As he halted within the gate of the high board fence he lightly swung -the receptacles to earth, rested his polished pole conveniently near, -lifted a mat containing the day's supplies for the cook within, and -carried it off to the kitchen. - -Now it not very strangely befell that the vender of vegetables lingered -a time in the kitchen, for that exceedingly tempting and savory seat of -government was under the personal direction of another little yellow -man, who called his countryman "Wong," and gave him to drink of tea. -While the two engaged each other with inharmonious gutturals, a dusky -cranium and equally dusky countenance came poking out from another door. -Its owner was the negro porter, a grinning fellow, whose mania for jokes -of the "practical" description was developed to a degree positively -unhealthy. No sooner had he made himself certain that the yard was free -of observers, and occupied alone by the wee pappoose, than he stealthily -slipped from his place, and grabbed the scared little fellow by the tail -of his wholly inadequate shirt. - -[Illustration] - -The eyes of the miniature savage were apparently frozen wide open in an -instant, while paralysis made him utterly stoic and dumb. The Chinaman's -basket had a shallow tray in the top filled with beets; then an inside -receptacle, also shallow, filled with celery. Below this last were -cabbages, down in the bottom. These extra insides the negro quickly -lifted out with his unemployed hand; then a couple of the cabbages, as -large together as the wee pappoose, came forth with a jerk. In a second -more the silent Indian baby had been dropped within the basket, the -various trays had been properly replaced, and the darky had rapidly -hopped through the open door with his cabbages, doubling himself like a -nut-cracker and stretching his face in violent but silent laughter. - -Out came Wong, beaming with the radiance of tea well swallowed. He -rearranged his pole, bent his stout Mongolian back, straightened up, -lifting his baskets, balanced them neatly, and trotted away with the -frightened baby Indian, but quite oblivious that such a lively vegetable -ever was grown. - -Wong went singing up the street, or rather humming away about a "feast -of lanterns," and he thought on how soon he would be enabled to purchase -a wagon. - -"Good-molling," he said, as he stopped at last at the rear of one of the -most imposing houses. "Velly fine molling." - -"Good-morning, Wong. It's a little bit chilly," said a gray-haired woman -wearing glasses, rubbing her hands. - -"Oh yeh, him feel lill bit chilly." - -"What you got this morning?" she inquired. - -"Oh, for callot, for cell'ly--velly nice for cell'ly--for turnip, for -squash, any kine." Then, as she hesitated, "potatoe?--for ahple?--for -cabbagee? Oh, lots um good kine, I tink." - -She took a squash. "Did you say cabbage, Wong?" - -"Oh yeh." He began at once to lift the tray. Next he hoisted forth the -shallow inside basket and reached for a cabbage. - -[Illustration] - -"Ki! yi!" he yelled. "Sumin--ah--got, yu nee mah! Kow long hop ti! Ha! -What you call um? Hi! for Injun debbil!" And he lapsed again into awful -Chinese exclamation points, and danced a fan-tan dango in a wonderful -state of excitement. "Hi! What you call um? Sumin-ah-got, no belong for -Wong! Huh!" Nerving himself for the fearful ordeal, he lifted the -squirming baby forth and dropped it quickly to the ground. No sooner did -the wild little thing find itself released than it scrambled to its feet -and ran at the skirts of the elderly lady--the only thing it -recognized--and clung there like a prickly burr. - -"Mercy!" shrieked the lady. "Mercy! Where-- Wong, where did you get this -child--this savage child?" she demanded. - -"Sumin-ah-got, no sabbee," said the terrified Wong, gathering baskets -and mats in a desperate haste. "Plitty click for whole lots um for Injun -come for nis one. Wong no takee. No see some nis one for baby befloh. -Somebody makee for tlick--you sabbee?--makee velly much tlouble. Kow -long hop ti! Yu nee mah!" - -"But, Wong, you must take it back! I don't know anything about the -trick! I don't wan't the Indians coming here. Mercy!" - -Wong, however, had rapidly fixed his pole in its place, and swung his -baskets clear of the ground, still jabbering wildly in his native -tongue, and trotted away with a double-quick motion. - -"Wong! Wong!" called the agitated woman. "I can't throw him away! You -must take him back! Wong!" But the vender of vegetables, thoroughly -alarmed, had fled. - -"Did yez call, Miss Hoobart?" said a voice from the door. - -"Oh, Maggie! Oh dear! Oh! Oh! What shall we do?" cried the woman. She -was trying to shake her skirts of the brown little Indian, but he merely -clung the harder, and buried his face in the folds. - -"Ach, wurra, wurra!" said Maggie. "Oi wudden't a t'o't ut. Phere did yez -git um?" - -"Hush, you silly girl. It's an Indian baby, and Wong brought him--and he -ran away frightened--and somebody played it as a trick--and the wild, -infuriated Indian population may be down upon us at any moment to -recover the child!" - -"Ach!" screamed the girl, jumping high in the air and glancing quickly -about. "Phy don't yez l'ave um in the sthrate, the turrible varmint?" - -"What, a tiny child, Maggie? Suppose it should freeze to death? It -hasn't any clothing to speak of. Oh dear! I do wish Charles were home!" - -"Phat yez goin' to do?" whispered Maggie. - -"I don't know. Oh, I don't know! We've got to take him in, I suppose, -and wait for Charles." Accordingly she walked very gingerly in, while -the very diminutive savage continued to cling to the dress and hide his -face. "I don't see," she said, breathing easier when the door was -closed, "how I'm going to get him away from my skirt. Don't you think -you could take him away, Maggie?" - -"Oi wudden' touch um for tin dollars!" cried the girl. - -"What shall we do? He will never let go." - -"Yez c'u'd l'ave um the skirt--take ut aff, an' put an anither wan, ye -moind." - -"Yes, I can; that is just the thing." She slipped the outside garment in -a jiffy, and the baby sat down on the floor in the midst of the pile. - -The warrior sat perfectly still, his big brown eyes and his wee red -mouth wide open, his chubby hands playing at random with the skirt. - -"Oi moight go out an' infarm Misther Patrick Murphy, the gintleman -policemon, mum," ventured Maggie at length. - -"Don't you dare to go and leave me an instant," said the woman. "There -is nothing in the whole wide world to do but to watch him every minute -and lock all the doors and wait for Charles. Oh dear! that I should live -to see such a terrible day!" - -[Illustration] - -So the barricades were placed on the doors, and the women brought their -chairs to sit and watch their very unwelcome prisoner. As the day grew -old it occurred to the lady that perhaps the child was hungry. She -prepared a piece of bread with molasses, and handed it out with the -tongs. With this the child emulated his parents, for he painted his face -from chin to eyes. This continued till the curtain lashes of the bright -brown eyes came drooping down; his chubby little face, with molasses -adornment, sank slowly to rest on the skirt. The women continued to -watch. - -As the evening came on Miss Hobart paced the room impatiently. "Charles! -Charles, my brother!" she would say, "why don't you come? You ought to -know what a terrible, terrible trial it is!" - -But the sound of his knock on the door, when he came at his usual time, -nearly made the women faint. A thin little man was Mr. Hobart, but -sensible, and not to be alarmed. He declared that the morning would be -time enough in which to clear the matter up. - -"Oh, but it won't," said his elderly sister. "Suppose there should be a -night attack? They are very, very frequent--it's the Indian way of -proceeding!" - -"Well," said he, "I'll go and tell the sheriff. He can hunt the parents -up and settle the whole thing in a minute." - -"But," she protested, "the Indians are gone to their -tents--campoodies--out in the sage-brush long before this--that is, -providing they are not lurking around this neighborhood. And just fancy -a poor mother deprived of her child all night!" - -"Well, what shall I do?" - -"Suppose--suppose you take a lantern and go out to the wigwams. You are -not afraid?" - -"No, of course I'm not; but what's the use?" - -[Illustration] - -In the end he found himself muffled, mittened, provided with the -lantern, packing the child--all wrapped in a blanket and fastened -loosely in with a shawl-strap--out in the sage-brush, floundering -aimlessly about in search of the Indian campoodies. Mile after mile he -trudged about in the night, shifting baby and lantern from hand to hand -as his arms grew weary, and growing more and more disgusted as it dawned -on his mind that all he knew of the way to find campoodies was to wander -toward the west in the brush, he shouldered the sleeping warrior and -made some lively tracks for home. - -"There," said he, as he tossed the wee pappoose, blanket and all, on the -lounge, "you can leave it to snooze where you please, for I am going -right straight to bed." - -His sister sat in a chair all night, dressed, and she waked a hundred -times from a dream of hideous Indian depredations. She was wearily -sleeping when her brother ate his breakfast and went. An hour later the -head of an old and silently whistling Indian appeared at the open -window. - -[Illustration] - -"Ketchum pappoose?" said this awful warrior, and his voice was barely -audible. She whirled around, saw the face, tried to scream, and failed. - -"Injun Jim h-e-a-p sick," drawled the chieftain, who had satisfied -himself that his son and heir was present, the youngster being seated on -the floor--"h-e-a-p sick, heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh." - -Miss Hobart rallied. "Perhaps," she thought, "Charles has pacified the -tribe." Then she said, "Oh, Mr. Indian Jim--James, is this your -son--your little boy?" - -"Yesh, h-e-a-p my boy. Injun Jim heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh, h-e-a-p -sick." - -"Are you sick? Poor man! you shall have all the biscuit you want. Here," -she said, in a timid voice, as he tucked away a package of food, "is -your son--your nice little boy--very nice little boy; and I'm very -sorry--" - -"Yesh, h-e-a-p nice--all same Injun Jim. You like buy um? Two dollar -hap, you buy um, h-e-a-p goot!" - -"Mercy! Oh, oh!" she gasped. "He would sell it! Two dollars and a -half--and after such a night! Oh no--no, Jim--James--take him to his -yearning mother, please!" - -As the warrior slowly shuffled away to the gate, leading his son and -heir by the hand, the bright little face was turned toward the woman who -was standing in the door. - -"It is a beautiful child," she said. "I wish I had noticed before." - - - - -A LOYAL TRAITOR. - -A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND. - -BY JAMES BARNES. - - -CHAPTER XIX. - -WRECKED AGAIN. - -I was almost stunned at the news the carpenter brought, but I knew of the -only thing to do, of course. - -"Rig the pumps and get to work at them," I squeaked faintly, fearing to -try to talk loud. - -"Ay, ay, sir," he answered, "but it will do no good. Lord Harry! she's -opened up like a sieve, sir!" - -Soon we had the water from below pouring on to the deck and running into -the scuppers and mingling with that that came on board of us over the -rail. But the wind increased in strength until it seemed that it would -take the aged masts out of the brig, and it actually threatened to blow -the clothes from off our backs. - -Chips had gone below again to sound the well, and I was holding on to a -belaying-pin, and trying not to show how weak and sick I was. I noticed -that one of the men, a narrow-headed fellow with an ugly gash of a -mouth, was not putting all of the beef he might into his stroke on the -pump handles. So I slid over to him and laid hold myself; but the man -endeavored to push me to one side. - -"Hands off, Captain Jonah," he said, "it might stop working! We had -plenty of good luck until you came aboard of us. Hands off, I say!" he -cried, "or we'll feed you to the whales." - -I could have struck the man for his insolence, as his words had been -heard by two of the men opposite; but I saw that the result might be bad -for me, so I replied nothing, but taking a firmer hold of the beam, I -wedged him out of his position, ready at any moment to fell him if he -attempted violence. I was the stronger, and at last I broke his hold. -Where the force I now felt command of came from I cannot tell. The man -would have slid over against the bulwarks if I had not caught him by the -shoulder. - -"Go over on the other side and work, you shirker," I cried, and, to my -surprise, my voice roared out the words in tones like those of a bull. - -I gave the man a push up the slope of the deck, and began heaving up and -down with all my might and main, but I had made a discovery. - -It was only my lower tones, my demi-voix, that were gone. For three days -afterwards this phenomenon continued. If I wished to talk, I had to use -the full lung-power that I possessed, and the result was a sound that -would do credit to a boatswain's mate in a typhoon. It was as unlike my -former voice as a broadside to a pistol-shot. But I am wandering. - -The effect of my treatment of the insolent sailor had been marvellous. -Not a disrespectful glance was cast at me thereafter. Soon the carpenter -came up from below. - -"We may have gained some three or four inches, Captain, but no more," he -panted, laying hold alongside of me. "I think the water is getting in -forward too, sir," he added. - -"Get out four of the prisoners and man the forecastle pump," I roared at -him. - -He jumped at the odd sound of my voice, but made no remarks, and -scrambled to the hatch in a jiffy. - -"Four of you up out of that!" he cried through the hole, at the same -time battering away at the fastenings with a belaying-pin. The hatch was -flung open, and instead of four, all ten of the Britishers came rushing -to the deck. They probably had been dying of terror down below, and one -glance at us working away for dear life told them the condition of -affairs. - -Without a word they set to work, under the direction of their own -officers, to get the spare gear out of the way and start the forecastle -pump going. - -The carpenter soon reported from the hold that we had gained some four -inches, and were now holding our own. This was at the end of an hour's -work by all hands. - -I perceived, however, that it would be foolishness to work all the men -to death at the outset, and that the sensible way would be to divide -them into relays, even if the water gained a little on us. - -So I told off my own men into two divisions, and sent half of them into -the galley to get rest and a bite to eat. But the prisoners I drove at -it, as we had fully two hours' start of them. They needed no -encouragement yet, and one of them even replied, "Ay, ay, sir," to my -orders to hit up the stroke. - -There is no use of prolonging this description. All night we worked -away, and the gray dawn found us still at it. - -Fisher, the wounded man, I had mounted guard over the prisoners, arming -him with a cutlass and a brass blunderbuss that I had found in the -mate's room. I hated to goad men the way I had to, but I think my own -people worked almost as hard, and needed less urging; but the Englishmen -had begun to fag. - -By noon the sea had gone down, and, probably owing to the swelling of -the timbers, the leak had apparently decreased. We had gained a foot and -more on the water in the hold, and the carpenter found out that it was -as he suspected, the water had been entering through a started seam, and -he said that if we could get to anchor, he thought might be able to -locate where it was. So I ordered all but four of the prisoners below. -At first one of the mates demurred; but I would admit of no talking, and -at the sight of the pistols he obeyed me. - -Now the great question was to find out where we were. By two o'clock I -made sail, and seeing that the old tub did better with the wind astern, -I ordered the helmsman to steer the same course we had been holding, and -I started to go below to rest. - -I slept like a top, and it was six o'clock when Dugan ran in and -awakened me, telling me that land was in sight off the starboard bow, -distant about twelve miles. - -But where were we? That was more than I could tell. - -I had some idea of our position when we struck the storm, or, better, -the latter had struck us, and I presumed that we must either, from the -course we were steering, have entered the Irish Channel or gone up the -west coast of Ireland itself; but it mattered little; we had to find -some place to anchor and, if possible, to repair our damage, and -besides, I intended to land the prisoners at the first chance, as they -were a constant source of menace to us, and so many more mouths to feed. - -Coming on deck, I took the glass and climbed into the foremast shrouds. - -What an odd circumstance it was! Here I was a full-fledged Captain, and -had never been aloft on a vessel but once before in my life, and that -was when I had covered myself with tar and glory by climbing to the -cross-trees of one of the ships at the wharfs of Baltimore. But I went -up as far as the topsail-yard, hanging on harder than was necessary, -perhaps, and from there I took a sight at the distant land. I made it -out to be a collection of islands, with what might be the mainland -farther on to the north. After I descended to the deck I changed the -course a few points to the east, and in a little over two hours we had -brought a high, rocky shore close to on the port beam. It was an island, -as I had surmised. - -The sky had now cleared to a glorious red sunset, and I could discern -the conformation of the shore. Two arms ran out to the eastward, and--a -remarkable sight!--I saw that the island was split in two by a narrow -crevice, and that on the southern point it dwindled down into a narrow -spit, at the end of which rose a sheer rock like a tremendous castle. - -The carpenter had started the lead, with the result of finding no bottom -until we were well within the water embraced by the extending arms. At -last he reported suddenly fifteen fathoms; at the next heave, thirteen: -and seeing that it was shoaling so rapidly, I feared to go in nearer, -and we hove to and let go our anchor. - -The water was as smooth as a carpet, and with the stopping of the strain -and working of the hull, the leak ceased pouring in, the carpenter -reporting, after a trip to the hold with the lantern, that she was only -weeping a little along her inner skin. I had kept four of the prisoners -at the pumps, however, and now I called every one, and in an hour's time -we had her nearly dry. - -Ordering the Englishmen back to where they belonged, Caldwell and I took -the first anchor watch, and the rest turned in to sleep. - -The huge shadow of the rocky cliff enshrouded us, and in rear of the -black silhouette of the island I could see the pale greenish-blue of the -sky in the west, with a few stars twinkling through it, and myriads of -them gleaming in the deeper blue overhead. It was so peaceful and calm, -and in such contrast to the scenes that we had been through, that were -it not for the pain I still suffered, I could have felt almost joyous. -But nature asserted herself, and lying there sprawled on the deck, I -fell asleep. - -I awakened with a start, to find it was daylight. I noticed that -Caldwell must have staid awake after I did, for he had rolled up his -jacket and placed it as a pillow beneath my head. But the honest fellow -had given in at last, and there he was, snoring away on the top of the -forward hatch, with his arms and legs straggled out like a jumping-jack -on the floor of a play-room. - -Now if what had happened before this calmly dawning day appears strange -or improbable to any one who may read, and if they are tired of the -relation of these facts, which, I can say without boasting, are unusual -to have happened to any one being, let them lay aside for good and all -the reading of what is to follow. For what has previously happened is -nothing to what I am going to tell, in my opinion, as I am a truthful -man. - -I awakened Caldwell gently, and told him to go down and stir out the man -who was doing the cooking for us, and have him brew some coffee and -prepare breakfast. We had some fresh vegetables still left, for the -_Duchess of Sutherland_ had not been long from port when we had taken -her. - -Then, all alone, I gazed at the island in whose little bay we were -resting. - -A narrow stretch of beach ran from the foot of the cliff to the water's -edge. The top was verdure-clad, and to the north some stunted underbrush -grew along the crest. The strange crevice that I had noticed ran from -the green slope, sheer and straight, to within twenty feet of the -water's level. It looked as if it might have been made by the stroke of -a giant's sword. The high rock at the end of the tongue of land to the -southward resembled more closely than ever a moss-grown ruin; but all at -once I jumped for the glass. A thin, twirling column of smoke arose from -a little hollow a quarter of a mile up the shore, and by the aid of a -telescope I could make out two or three huts, and some gray objects on -the slope of the hill that resolved themselves into grazing sheep. I -made up my mind, before I landed the prisoners and set to work stopping -the seams, to row ashore and find out where we were. But hunger asserted -itself, and the smell of cooking coming from the galley reminded me that -with the exception of some sopped biscuit and a bit of fat meat that I -had managed to worry down the night past, nothing solid had passed my -lips since my struggle with the man in the passageway. - -Running below, I asked the carpenter in to breakfast with me in the -cabin. He was my First Lieutenant, as I have said, and of course I knew, -without his saying so, that he had saved my life--with my own pistol, -too, I surmise. - -"Well, Captain Hurdiss," Chips said, "a busy day's before us. I think if -we can careen the old hooker and get that opened strake so we can handle -it from the outside, we can take her across, bar another such storm as -we had last night." - -"We'll make a try for it, Mr. Chips," said I, roaring out the answer -after two or three futile attempts to speak quietly. - -"You won't need a trumpet this voyage," was the carpenter's rejoinder to -this, at which I laughed, for the hot coffee and food were restoring my -spirits. - -The men, too, were in an even frame of mind, and when I ordered out the -boat they went about it like good ones. I saw that the prisoners were -fed before I left the deck, and then going over the side, I gave the -orders, man-of-war fashion, to "Shove off!" "Let fall!" etc., and after -a pull of a few minutes the carpenter and I landed on the beach near the -hollow in which the huts were, and finding a path, we ascended to them. - -As we approached the door of the largest hovel, that was built of sods -and stones, a nondescript figure, with just enough rags on to save it -from appearing savage, emerged. The man appeared a little frightened at -first, and was truly startled at the sound of my voice. His reply I -could not translate, although I had merely asked him what island this -was, and what was the name of the coast that we could discern to the -eastward. - -At last, by dint of signs and repeating the question, I made out -something that sounded like "Innishkea," and when I pointed to the -island to the north the same answer came. When the land to the eastward -was designated he said Muhllet a Blackshod over and over. I gave him a -bit of silver, and the meaning of that he understood quite well, for he -grinned and closed his fist tight upon it, at the same time giving a -pull to his long front lock. I never heard such outlandish lingo in my -life as the man spoke, but I remembered the sounds of some of the words, -and when I got back to the ship I went into the cabin, and the carpenter -and I got out the map that showed the coast of Ireland, for Chips -insisted that the man was talking Gaelic, and that it was either Ireland -or Scotland whose shore lay off to the eastward. - -"Hurrah! hurrah!" I cried suddenly, my attention arrested by a name. -"Here we are, Mr. Chips. The island of Inniskea--and off here is the -peninsula of Mullet that encloses the waters of Blacksod Bay." - -So I knew where I was at last! - -But there was lots to be done. Arming the crew, we took the fastenings -off the hatch, and ordered the prisoners into the boat. We left them on -shore with a barrel of ship's bread and a half-barrel of salt meat. And -then we rowed back, and prepared to do some impromptu calking, and fit -the old hulk in a better condition for putting to sea. - -The _Duchess of Sutherland_ was loaded with machinery for some sort of -crushing business, and the rest of her cargo was cheap cloths and -print-stuffs, probably for the East Indian market. According to her -papers, she was bound for Calcutta. - -The seam that had done most of the leaking was hardly a foot beneath the -surface of the water as she lay on even keel, we discovered. It had -opened up badly forward, and again amidships. So we set about lightening -her first before we hove her down. - -Rigging a block and tackle, we jettisoned some heavy bits of machinery, -and found that the cargo had been very badly and loosely stowed. - -The brig--she had been outfitted in a hurry--carried four guns, short -carronades of heavy weight, on her deck, and we shifted these to -starboard side, and then we rigged out an anchor at the end of a spar; -and I was surprised to see what a purchase we got on her, and how well -all this answered for our ends. As soon as they could, the carpenter and -the crew set about calking her with hemp from an old cable, whistling -and humming away merrily. - -They progressed finely with the job, and as there was nothing for me to -do, I went aloft. I could smell the tar that they were boiling in the -galley, and was hoping that we could finish our work in time to get -under way that evening, when all at once I felt a jar, as if the vessel -had struck something below, and it appeared to me that we heeled a -little more to port. - -In fact our list was very evident now, and the masts had quite an angle -on them. I saw that the carpenter, who was standing in a boat -alongside, had stopped work, and was looking curiously up at me. The -seam at which he had been tapping was now two feet above the surface of -the water, and the ripped green copper of the brig's bottom was plain to -view. - -The carpenter laid his head against the side, and then shouted up, in a -frightened voice: - -"For heaven's sake, Captain Hurdiss," he cried, "there's water entering -somehow! I can hear the sound of it from here." - -He and the men in the boat hastily scrambled up the side. - -Just then there came another jarring sound. It was the cargo shifting. - -I was hastening to descend, when I cast a glance toward the shore, and -there I saw one of the prisoners, whom I had noticed standing on the top -of the hill, suddenly wave his arms about his head, and come tearing -down the slope toward where the others were grouped about a fire. - -But this was not all. Through the cleft in the hill-side I could see the -waters on the other side of the island. And in this narrow space, framed -by the walls of the cliff, I saw a vessel just coming about into the -wind. Another instant and she was gone, hidden by the dark mass of land. -But so firmly impressed was this quick vision upon my mind that I can -see it to this day, as firmly fixed as were it a painting that I had -studied in its every detail. - -As I reached the deck the brig gave another lurch, and our bulwarks were -almost in the water. - -"The cargo all adrift, Captain Hurdiss," shouted the carpenter, coming -up the ladder. "And we must have a bad leak in our top sides. The old -thing is rotten to her heart," he added. - -The men, without orders, were tumbling into the boats, and even with my -small experience I could see that nothing could save the _Duchess_ from -sinking where she lay. I looked toward the shore, and saw the prisoners -in a body running up the beach toward the north. Just as I caught sight -of them, they rounded a point of rock and disappeared. - -But a strange shifting motion in the brig warned me to hasten. What -impelled me, I do not know, but seeing the glass wedged in the shrouds -where I had planted it, I made for it, and picking it up, jumped into -the boat. - -[Illustration: SHE WENT DOWN LIKE A LITTLE "ROYAL GEORGE."] - -We had rowed but a few dozen strokes when, with a lurch, and a dull -explosion as the forward deck blew out from the pressure of air, down -went the _Duchess of Sutherland_, like a little _Royal George_. But the -only living things she took with her were a few half-drowned chickens in -a coop near the galley. - -Even the carpenter now showed signs of despondency, and what I told him -about the vessel that looked like a great lugger with one mast, that I -had seen on the other side of the land, did not cheer him. - -"We're in for it now," he grumbled. "There's no prize-money in this -affair. She's one of their revenue-cutters, and she'll scoop us surely." - -"That's what the prisoners were scampering for," spoke up Dugan, who was -pulling stroke oar. "They've gone around to fetch her." - -"Well, that's all they'll find," said Chips, pointing over the stern of -the boat. - -I looked back. Only a few feet of the _Duchess_'s masts were visible, -but there was a lot of debris floating on the water near them. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -[Illustration: INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT] - - -Next Saturday will occur the eighth annual in-door interscholastic -championship games of the Boston schools at Mechanics' Hall, held under -the auspices of the Boston Athletic Association. The events are all -scratch, and include the 40-yard dash, 300-yard run, 600-yard run, -1000-yard run, half-mile walk, running high jump, putting 16-lb. shot, -pole vault, and 45-yard hurdles (3 flights, 2 ft. 6 in. high). Besides, -there will be special team-races arranged. This meeting is open to the -members (under twenty-one years of age) of all schools in the vicinity -of Boston. Each school will be allowed to enter three men in each event, -except in the 1000-yard run, when only two are entered and but one may -compete. - -Ever since 1889 the schools have competed annually, and it has been the -winter athletic event of the school world. In 1890 the Boston A.A. -offered a large silver shield to run for nine years to be contended for -by the different schools, the one winning it the greatest number of -times to become the final possessor, and this generous action has had a -stimulating effect in making every school anxious to have its name -engraved on the blank spaces made for that purpose. Consequently, as the -occasion comes around each winter, speculation is rife as to the -probable champion school. - -The outcome next Saturday, while based on relative comparisons, is more -or less a matter of conjecture, as youthful athletic competition is an -uncertain quantity. Not a first-prize winner, with the exception of -E. W. Mills, of last year's meet, appears in the list again, and this -fact should be encouraging to those who would otherwise have to struggle -against established champions. - -[Illustration: E. W. MILLS, CHAUNCY HALL.] - -The New England Interscholastic records are about as low as it is -possible to get them, and while no record-breaking is looked for, yet in -one or two instances there may be some change of marks. In the 1000-yard -run E. W. Mills, of Chauncy Hall, who now holds the record of 2 min. 33 -sec., will be able to better that time if anybody can. It is traditional -custom that the two winning schools of the year previous shall meet in a -team-race, and this year English High and Worcester Academy will clash. -The Worcester boys are bitterly aggrieved over losing the in-door -championship of '96 by one point to English High, and will make -strenuous efforts to regain some of their laurels by winning this event. - -[Illustration: H. J. KANE, E.H.-S.] - -To prophesy correctly the winner of the first event on the programme, -the 40-yard dash, would be impossible under existing circumstances. The -string of foremost dash-runners that the schools will furnish are very -evenly matched, and most of them are doing the distance in 4-4/5 -sec.--record time--so that it will be less than a yard that separates -the leaders in the final heat. English High is sure to have more than -one of its runners in the final round, with H. J. Kane, H. C. -Kennington, and A. F. Duffy wearing the colors. Kane was third in the -100 and 220 yard runs at the out-of-door championships, and ever since -he has shown improvement. All three of these athletes are capable of -doing 4-4/5 sec. H. C. Jones, of Phillips Exeter, who won the novice -40-yard at the B.A.A. games, February 6th, is predicted to keep pace -with the swiftest, and will be a dangerous competitor. - -Newton High has H. W. Owens, another dash-runner, who in several -instances has done 4-4/5 sec. His inconsistency in running is his worst -fault. The Worcester schools are likely to bring down a set of good -sprinters. The high-school has in A. M. Butler a slashing sprinter, who -won a handicap dash in his city a few weeks ago. - -The Worcester Academy athletes, with the benefit of a fine out-door -track of 150 yards in length, built on scientific principles, and also a -well-known professional coach in attendance, should exhibit some -redeeming strength at the meet. George Hersey won third in the 40-yard -dash in '96, and ought to better that now. He circled the school track -in the 300-yard dash considerably under the record, and if the corners -at Mechanics' Hall do not bother him, he can justify the confidence -imposed in him by his school. - -[Illustration: G. H. HUNTRESS, HOPKINSON'S.] - -Captain G. H. Huntress, of Hopkinson's, will be that school's best entry -for the 40 and 300 yard runs. He has good staying powers coupled with -plenty of speed. Noble's School will contribute to the 40-yard dash -A. T. Baker, who lately won prominence by taking the 40-yard handicap -prize away from over a hundred entries at the B.A.A. games. J. W. Sever, -of Brown and Nichol's School in Cambridge, is in the front rank of -scholastic sprinters, and is running in trim form this year. - -[Illustration: J. H. CONVERSE, E.H.-S.] - -There have been rumors that Phillips Andover would not send a team, but -this will not prevent individuals from entering, and in that case the -appearance of J. J. Peters may be counted on. With the prestige obtained -by his appropriating the hurdles at the big B.A.A. meet, he is given -precedence over everybody in the hurdle contest. His elegant physique is -a factor that will stand by him well if he is hard pressed. J. H. -Converse, the national champion, who defeated A. H. Beers last June, is -in this fight, and his reputation hangs in the balance on the result. - -Hopkinson's School has a trio of clever timber-toppers in J. Hallowell, -E. Cole, and E. Whitman. They are evenly matched, and finish on a line -in practice, but Hallowell's past experience on the track would make him -the favorite in a race. Worcester Academy will furnish a star in Hall, -whose smooth movement over the sticks is bound to make him conspicuous. - -Last year's calculations in the 600-yard run were all upset by the two -probable winners failing to qualify, and by an unknown stepping into the -breach. This contingency may have a repetition, for those thought to -have the best chances are not to be depended upon. M. M. Marks, of -English High, who recently won his heat at the B.A.A. games in 1 min. -20-3/5 sec. from 30 yards, is entitled to recognition. Those who have -watched his running have great faith in his progress, and he certainly -creates a favorable impression by his length of stride, which is -wonderful, considering his slight body. Whether he can repeat is the -doubtful question, and remains to be seen. C. I. Porter, of Hopkinson's, -is going to make a strong bid for something in the 600. His practice -trials have convinced his school that he is a valuable member of the -athletic team. A. W. Lincoln, captain of Boston Latin's team, will be -the grittiest runner in the bunch. He is game through and through, and -if his speed stays with him he may catch a prize. - -There is not a shadow of doubt in the minds of the prophets that E. W. -Mills will capture the 1000-yard run. He is too much of a veteran to be -jockeyed, and has speed and endurance enough to make him a winner. He -will give the record most of his attention, and place it where future -runners will never touch it. The only one now in view who is able to -keep him company is D. T. Sullivan, of Worcester High, who is the -national interscholastic mile-runner. E. W. Crawford, of Boston Latin, -may win a place, as he is practising this distance daily, and has a -beautiful stride. English High is relying upon F. A. Ferguson to keep -its name from being tarnished at this distance. Hopkinson's has a couple -of fair runners in Cunningham and Ladd, and they are expected to give a -good account of themselves. - -From present indications it seems as if Worcester Academy would make the -most points in the field events, as some excellent marks have been made -in practice. C. H. R. Howe has jumped as high as 5 ft. 8 in., which -insures him a prominent place. He is credited with a height greater than -this, but not in competition. H. B. Kendall, a schoolmate, is close -behind Howe in jumping, but his specialty is pole-vaulting. From -different sources comes the report that he will approach the record. As -it is, he can go higher than 10 feet, and has done it repeatedly. J. H. -Converse, of English High, has branched out as a high jumper, and his 5 -ft. 6 in. in rubber-soled shoes means more when he gets on the floor at -the interscholastic tournament. C. M. Rotch, of Hopkinson's, can reach 5 -ft. 7 in., and is being carefully coached, so that this, together with -his perfect style, will have a telling effect. - -The shot-putters will be a stocky set of athletes, as no giants are in -sight, and the list of foremost putters have muscle bred on the football -field. W. W. Coe, of Noble's School, has the call for first honors, and -he is deserving of whatever should befall him, as he has industriously -kept at his endeavors to increase his distance. His stout arm, with a -well-trained composition back of it, has sent the 16-lb. weight 38 ft., -and this would win for him. Eaton of English High and Boyce of Brookline -High are about in the same class, with the advantage on the latter's -side. Worcester anticipates placing a "dark horse" in the shot. - -The half-mile walk will have a scant gathering, as efficient walkers are -scarce. Mohan, an English High pedestrian, with a point at the out-door -interscholastic games last summer, is a reliable man in keeping his -feet. - -The championship of the ice-polo league of the schools in and about -Boston has been won by the Arlington High-School. Space prevents any -detailed comment upon this result in the present issue, but the ice-polo -season will be reviewed in these columns at an early date. - -It is announced that a track-athletic league, to be known as the -Interscholastic Track Association, has been formed among St. Paul's -School, Garden City; Lawrenceville School, of Lawrenceville; and the -Hill School, of Pottstown. No meet will be held this year, but the first -will take place in 1898 at Lawrenceville. The next in 1899 at St. -Paul's, and in 1900 at the Hill School. The events agreed upon are the -100 and 220 yard dashes, 440 and 880 yard and mile run, 120-yard hurdle, -1-mile bicycle, pole vault, throwing 12-pound hammer, and high jump. A -dual meet for this spring has been arranged between Lawrenceville and -the Hill, the events to be those adopted by the triple league. - -Although it is now somewhat late in the season for ice sports, the -formation of a hockey league among the New York schools is nevertheless -to be commended. The membership consists of Berkeley, Cutler, De La -Salle, St. Austin's, and Montclair High-School. Of these schools -Montclair High has probably done the most work at the sport this year, -although Berkeley has developed a very fair team. - -The banner at the Long Island A.A. in-door games, held in Brooklyn, -February 20, was taken by Berkeley, with St. Paul's second, the scores -of the competing teams, by points, being as follows: Berkeley, 25; St. -Paul, 17; Barnard, 14; Pingry, 8; Adelphi, 7; Latin, 5; Dwight, Poly. -Prep., and Collegiate, 3 each; High-School, 2; Columbia Grammar, -Trinity, and Harvard, 1 each. - -The in-door pole-vaulting record was broken by Paulding of Berkeley. He -raised the figures from 9 ft. 10-1/2 in. to 10 ft. 4 in. At the -Knickerbocker A.C. games last year Paulding cleared 10 ft. This year, -therefore, he will doubtless do much better, and should again win the -event. - -The 50-yard dash, as was expected, went to Robinson of St. Paul's. He -lost his heat to Sulzer of Pingry, but took first place easily in the -finals. Kinney of St. Paul's put the 12-pound shot 43 ft. 1 in., and the -high jump was taken by Serviss, B.L.S., with 5 ft. 6-1/2 in. - -The entries for the big games at the Madison Square Garden, under the -auspices of the Knickerbocker Athletic Club, close March 20. It is to be -hoped that by that time all of the schools in this part of the country -will be represented on the lists. - -"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."--ILLUSTRATED.--8VO, CLOTH, ORNAMENTAL, -$1.25. - - THE GRADUATE. - - * * * * * - -DR. NANSEN AND THIRTEEN. - -The safe return of the _Fram_ is regarded as a knock-down blow to the -thirteen superstition. There were thirteen men in her crew, of whom the -thirteenth joined at the last moment. All returned safe and well, and -none of them was ill at any time, or a cause of anxiety. Then, too, it -was on the 13th of August that Nansen reached home, and on the same day -the _Fram_ got quit of the ice, seven months to a day after (on January -13) she had struck a southerly current. To these coincidences it is -added that three litters of thirteen pups were born in Nansen's pack of -Eskimo dogs (though a greater number than six to a litter is unusual), -and that just thirteen publishers bid for his book after his return. - - - - -[Illustration: THE CAMERA CLUB] - - Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly - answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to - hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions. - - -DEFECTS IN NEGATIVES, AND THE REMEDY. - -The most common defect in negatives, and one which it is easy to avoid, -is the small transparent spots which appear on the negative after -developing and fixing. These spots are called pinholes, and are caused -by small specks of dust which cling to the film, and which do not wash -off when the developer is turned over the plate. When a print is made -from a negative in which there are pinholes, small black spots appear in -the finished print wherever there were pinholes in the film. These holes -can be filled up by retouching, but they may be avoided altogether, and -prevention is much better than cure. After the sensitive plate is in the -holder, dust it over carefully with a small wad of surgeon's cotton -before putting in the slide. If plates remain in the holder some time -before they are used, it is a wise plan to dust them again before they -are put into the developer. Pinholes are sometimes caused by using old -developer which has not been filtered, and the tiny specks which are in -the solution settle on the plate during development. Always filter -developer after once using, and it saves time if it is filtered at once -when through developing. - -Larger spots with sharp dark edges are caused by air-bubbles forming on -the plate when the developer is poured over it. If the tray is slanted a -little when the solution is turned on the plate, air-bubbles are seldom -formed. A piece of clean surgeon's cotton passed quickly over the plate -will break the bubbles. - -Where there are large irregular spots on the plate which are not fully -developed, it shows that the developer did not cover all the plate -immediately, and therefore acted longer on one part than on the other. -There is no remedy for this; but such markings can be prevented by -pouring the developer quickly over the plate and rocking the tray for a -few seconds. - -If the negative, after fixing, is covered with fine markings, the print -looking as if the negative from which it was made was crackled, it shows -that the tray was not rocked sufficiently during the process of -development. The tray should be gently rocked in all directions, so that -fresh developer is constantly passing over the sensitive film. (Not long -ago one of the members of the club sent two prints to the editor, one of -which was covered with fine markings. The letter stated that the -negatives were made and developed one after the other; and while the -first was all right, the second had the crackled appearance. An -explanation of the cause was asked and received.) - -If the negative after developing and fixing turns yellow it indicates -that the plate was not left long enough in the fixing-bath. As explained -in one of the papers on the chemistry of photography, when the negative -is placed in the fixing-bath a new compound is formed of the unchanged -chloride of silver and the hyposulphite of soda. They unite and form a -double salts, called silver sodium hyposulphite or thisulphate. This -double salt is soluble in a solution of hypo, and the fixing-bath must -be strong enough not only to form this double salt, but also to dissolve -it. When it is thoroughly dissolved it is quickly washed out of the -film. If the fixing-bath is too weak, or if the plate is taken from the -bath too soon, the plate will soon turn yellow, and in time the image -will be destroyed. To prevent this the plate should be left in the -fixing-bath for five minutes after the plate is cleared from the silver -bromide. - -When a negative after drying has a whitish appearance with a rough -surface, it is because the plate was not washed long enough after -removing from the hypo bath. Wash plates an hour in running water, or in -eight or ten changes of water, changing at intervals of five minutes. - - ARTHUR NILSEN asks if portraits can be made better with snap-shots - than with time exposures; and if with time exposures, the length of - the exposure. Snap-shots for portraits give too harsh contrasts. - For a time exposure with good light simply taking off and replacing - the cap quickly will be long enough; or if a hand-camera with drop - shutter, open and close the shutter as rapidly as possible without - making the exposure instantaneous. One must learn to regulate the - exposure according to the light, and the rapidity of the lens and - plate used. With a little careful practice one can learn to expose - the plate correctly. - - D. SAYLOR WILSON asks how to tell when a plate is fully developed. - Examine the plate by looking through it toward the red light. If - the detail is well out, and the negative looks as if it would be - dense enough for a good print, return the negative to the - developer, and rock it till the image is fading rapidly, then - remove and wash and fix. With some kinds of developer the image - must be allowed to fade entirely, but with hydrochinon developer - the plate is developed far enough when the plate looks dense when - examined by looking through it toward the light. - - - - -[Illustration] - -The Leading Chefs - -Use only - -ROYAL - -BAKING POWDER - -Absolutely Pure - - - - -EARN A GOLD WATCH! - -[Illustration] - -We wish to introduce our =Teas and Baking Powder=. Sell 50 lbs. to earn a -=Waltham Gold Watch and Chain=; 25 lbs for a =Silver Watch and Chain=; 10 -lbs. for a =Gold Ring=; 50 lbs. for a =Decorated Dinner Set=; 75 lbs. for -a =Bicycle=. Write for a Catalog and order Blank to Dept. I - -W. G. BAKER, - -Springfield Mass. - - - - -Hold their place in the front rank of the publications to which they -belong.--_Boston Journal_, Feb. 19, 1896. - -HARPER'S - -PERIODICALS - - - MAGAZINE, $4.00 a Year - WEEKLY, $4.00 a Year - BAZAR, $4.00 a Year - ROUND TABLE, $2.00 a Year - - - - -JOSEPH GILLOTT'S - -STEEL PENS. - -GOLD MEDAL, PARIS EXPOSITION, 1889, - -AND THE CHICAGO EXPOSITION AWARD. - -THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS. - - - - -[Illustration: PISO'S CURE FOR CONSUMPTION] - -CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. - -Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use - -in time. Sold by druggists. - - - - -QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN. - - -There was, a few years ago, a law in Connecticut and Massachusetts--and -I think it is still extant in Connecticut--that no man shall kiss his -wife in public. Both States have laws, as have many others, that no man -shall swear; and they both had laws, if they do not still have them, -that no one shall smoke on the street. - -It has always been considered an immoral act for a Christian to swear, -but there is unquestionably a distinction to be made which is of just as -much interest to the average boy as to any full-grown man. The use of -sacred names in common every-day language--that is, the colloquial use -of terms that represent what we reverence, what are the property of each -man for himself, and his deepest thoughts--is undoubtedly a wrong. The -name of God and what it represents to you and to me in our lives belongs -to us, and does not concern any one else. No one, therefore, has any -right to vulgarize it in our presence, and if he does so, he is -infringing on sacred personal rights, and is therefore committing a -wrong. That is self-evident. - -There is, however, a difference between committing this actual wrong, -between breaking the sturdy old New England Puritan law, and using -exaggerated terms which are just as much swearing as the use of sacred -names is. There are many terms which in themselves have to-day no -significance--though they may have in derivation--except as exaggerated -expression. One says, "Good gracious!" "Oh dear!" "Oh my!" a dozen times -an hour, and is never criticised for swearing. Yet these expressions in -their original forms were swearing of the most exaggerated kind, and in -principle are so to-day. They all originally had the name of the Deity -attached to them, the second one being probably a corruption of French -"Oh Dieu!" - -The important point is that although they no longer infringe on sacred -things and personal rights, they are really just as much swearing to-day -as they originally were. They are signs of weakness, of a desire for -something stronger in the form of expression than the ordinary English -phrase which precedes or follows them. The speaker feels the need of -some exaggeration, and these inoffensive terms are just as unnecessary -as are the offensive ones--indeed, they are only weak subterfuges which -try to get the same effect without using the sacred terms. - -That means a vicious, because growing, tendency to constant increase and -exaggeration, which is the real principle of too much drinking that -makes a drunkard, too much smoking that makes a nervous invalid, too -much idleness that makes an unsuccessful life. If you will listen to the -greatest orators or read their speeches, if you will read the works of -the greatest authors, you will find no exaggeration of language to speak -of even at most important moments, and the very temperateness of these -orations and writings has a wonderful effect. Read, if you have not done -so, the little speech of Mr. Lincoln's at Gettysburg, and see how -simple, how temperate it is, and yet it is said by all students and -judges, by any one who really studies it, to not only cover the whole -subject Mr. Lincoln had in hand, but to be one of the most stirring -speeches that have been made to the American public. - -On the other hand, go some day and listen to a cheap stump-speaker, and -in the course of half an hour you will hear that this and that is the -"most magnificent," the "most frightful," the "greatest crime that cries -to Heaven," and abundant other phrases out of all proportion to the -subjects, which do not carry the weight of one of Lincoln's simple -sentences in his address. These unnecessary superlatives are, in their -way, swearing, which in principle are as bad, and as evil in their -results on the user and the listener, as is the use of sacred names. -They are the beginning of which the latter is the end. The feeling which -makes a boy or man want to use exaggerated terms is the real evil. It -grows like any other weakness, until his talk is puerile and of no -value. And if he would avoid swearing, or cure himself of it, he must -begin there, and not at the particular words he has discovered himself -to be using, and which may have called forth criticism because they were -sacred to those who heard them. - - * * * * * - -FAMOUS FREQUENTERS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES. - -A London newspaper says of the late Mr. Robert Harrison, formerly -secretary and librarian to the London Library, whose death occurred a -short time ago, that he had an extensive acquaintance with famous men of -letters. In a Presidential address at the Librarians' Conference at -Nottingham in September, 1891, he gave some interesting reminiscences of -some of the eminent frequenters of the library: - -"The most conspicuously original man among them was Carlyle. He often -visited the library. His conversation was most amusing, full of -extravagant and exaggerated statements, and always ending with a loud -laugh, apparently at himself. He used the library books extensively for -his later works, and was guilty of the reprehensible practice of writing -on the margins of their books. He must admit that his remarks were never -meaningless, but chiefly consisted of corrections of dates or errors in -the text." - -Of Thackeray, another eminent member of the London Library, Mr. Harrison -had also an anecdote to tell: - -"When writing _The Virginians_ he came to him (the speaker) for a life -of General Wolfe. 'I don't want,' he said, 'an historical account of his -career--Lord Mahon's book gives me that--but I want something that will -tell me the color of his breeches.'" - -Mr. Harrison had the pleasure also of helping Charles Reade to find -materials for his story of _The Cloister and the Hearth_. The late Lord -Lytton was a frequent visitor and inquirer, as also was the author of -_Westward, Ho!_ and George Eliot. Mr. Harrison was quite astonished at -first to see what pains and research were applied to the production of -books so easy to read as were their best novels. - -Concerning Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Harrison had likewise something to say. -The G. O. M. has always taken an interest in the prosperity of the -library: - -"He (Mr. Gladstone) made use chiefly of their works of reference. The -speaker remembered with pleasure a small incident that occurred when -_Javentus Mundi_ was going to press. Mr. Gladstone called to verify a -line in Propertius, or Ausonius--he forgot which. He told his need to -one of the Eton masters, who happened to be present. The line was found, -and it differed slightly from that which Mr. Gladstone had quoted. -'But,' said the Eton master to him afterwards, 'his line was much finer -than the one which we found in print.'" - - * * * * * - -HIS PROPOSITION. - -There is a little suburban town out in New Jersey, and its inhabitants -are very proud of their fire department, claiming that it can meet every -possible exigency. As for the truth of this statement, it is not -advisable to meditate upon, and there is one thing positive, and that is -the inability of its members to prevent fires. Unfortunately such -occurrences were growing to be a chronic affliction, and in desperation -the leading officials of the fire department and the town officials met -to devise ways and means of stopping them. - -"It's carelessness, rank carelessness!" exclaimed one portly gentleman. -"Such things should rarely happen in well-regulated communities." - -Thus it went on for over an hour, growing no nearer to a solution of the -difficulty. Finally one of the fire department members arose. -"Gentlemen," he cried, "I have a resolution to propose which I think, if -adopted by the honorable members of this board, will entirely do away -with fires in our town." - -"Hear! hear!" cried the members of the board. "What is it? Propose it," -etc. - -"Gentlemen, I propose that three days before each fire some one should -go to the house and ascertain if it has been caused by the inmates' -carelessness, and if so enforce a payment of money to meet the expenses -of running the engines to the scene." - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin - collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question - on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address - Editor Stamp Department. - - -I know several subscribers to the ROUND TABLE who have exchanged stamps -with other readers of this column, to the advantage of all concerned. -For the first time in two years I have received a complaint that stamps -were sent to one of the ROUND TABLE readers, without receiving any -return or even acknowledgment of the stamps. Possibly the first letter -accompanying the stamps, or the reply acknowledging the same, went -astray or was lost in the mails. The complaint is being investigated; -but I hope all subscribers to the ROUND TABLE will be prompt and -businesslike in replying to correspondents on receipt of letters. - -One of the best methods of exchange is through the books of one or the -other of the local societies or national philatelic associations. These -exchanges are conducted on a cash basis. Each member pays the manager of -the exchange department for all stamps taken from the books, and the -manager in turn pays the members for their stamps sold from the books, -and returns the unsold stamps. - - L. T. BRODSTONE, Superior, Neb.--Previous to 1890 all U.S. stamps - were made by private bank-note companies under contract with the - government. Since then the Bureau of Printing and Engraving at - Washington has made all the stamps. The envelopes and post-cards - are still made by private concerns under contract with the U.S. - government. There are several monumental collections in the U.S. - Probably the best is owned by a gentleman in one of the New England - States. The above-named wishes to exchange stamps. - - J. D. WATERMAN.--The difference between the Hartford and the - Philadelphia dies of the Centennial (1876) envelope is this: the - word "Postage" is in a label; in the Hartford die the lower line of - the label is single, in the Philadelphia die it is double. U.S. - stamps are printed in large sheets, and afterwards cut apart into - sheets of 100. The guide-lines are made to call attention to the - proper place for cutting. As nearly 10,000,000 of the 1c. and 2c. - stamps are used every day in the year, it is not likely that these - stamps will become rare even in a hundred years. - - H. C. BRANCH.--Just one cent. - - C. H. WILLISTON.--The 1809 half-dollar can be bought for 75c. - - S. S. LANGLEY.--The star in heraldry is five-pointed, as a rule. - The use of the six-pointed star by the U.S. Mint was probably an - accident in the beginning, but has now become fully established as - the custom. - - GEORGE BRIGHT.--About 10c. each. - - PHILATUS. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -MR. POULTNEY BIGELOW - -contributes a short story, - -HOW TOM RODMAN - -JOINED THE - -GERMAN ARMY, - -to the next number of - -HARPER'S ROUND TABLE - -Five Cents a copy. Two Dollars a year. - - * * * * * - -HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, N. Y. - - - - -[Illustration: IVORY SOAP] - - - - -Standards in Modern Literature - -PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS - -ROLFE'S SHAKESPEARE. - -=Shakespeare.=* With Notes. By WILLIAM J. ROLFE. Copiously Illustrated. 40 -Vols., 16mo, Flexible Cloth, 56 cents per volume; Paper, 40 cents per -volume. - -=The Friendly Edition of Shakespeare.= 40 Vols, in 20. By WILLIAM J. -ROLFE. Illustrated. Per Set, 16mo, Sheets, $22.00; Cloth, $25.00; Half -Leather, $35.00. - -CHARLES DICKENS. - -=Harper's Household Dickens.= In 16 vols., Royal 8vo, Paper, $14.00; -Cloth, $22.00. Illustrated by E. A. ABBEY and others. - -TENNYSON. - -=Songs from the Published Writings of Alfred Tennyson.= Set to Music by -Eminent Composers. Edited by W. G. CUSINS. Ill'd. Royal 4to, Cloth, Gilt -Edges, $5.00. - -HOMER*. - -=Iliad.= The First Six Books. Edited by Dr. ANTHON. $1.20.--=Iliad.=-- -(Books XVI. to XXIV.). By W. S. TYLER, D.D., LL.D. $1.50.--=The Phæacians -Episode of the Odyssey.= With Introduction, etc., by AUGUSTUS C. MERRIAM, -Ph.D. Illustrated. $1.50.--=Iliad.= =Odyssey.= Literally Translated by -=Theodore A. Buckley=. 75 cents each.--=Tales from the Odyssey.= By -C. M. B. 30 cents. - -EURIPIDES.* - -=The Tragedies of Euripides.= Literally Translated. 2 Vols., Cloth, 75 -cents each. - -=An English Commentary on the Rhesus, Medea, Hippolytus, Alcestis, -Heraclidæ, Supplices, and Troades.= By Dr. ANTHON. Cloth, 90 cents. - -=Text.= Ex Recensione FREDERICI A. PALEY. 3 vols., Cloth, 50 cents; Paper, -32 cents, each. - -ÆSCHYLUS.* - -=Æschylus.= Literally Translated by T. A. BUCKLEY. 75 cents. - -=Æschylus.= Ex Novissima Recensione F. A. PALEY. Paper, 32 cents; Cloth, -50 cents. - -VIRGIL.* - -=Text.= Ex Recensione J. CONINGTON. Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 32 cents. - -=Eclogues and Georgics.= Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20. - -=Æneid.= Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20. - -=The Works of Virgil.= Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents. - -SOPHOCLES.* - -Text. Ex Novissima Recensione GULIELMI DINDORFII. Cloth, 50 cents; -Paper, 32 cents. - -The Antigone. By M. W. HUMPHREY. Cloth, $1.50. - -Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents. - -Translated by T. FRANCKLIN. Cloth, 75 cents. - -HORACE.* - -=Text.= Quinti Horatii Flacci Opera Omnia. Ex Recensione A. J. MACLEANE. -Paper. 32 cents; Cloth, 50 cents.--=Text.= And a Life of Horace by MILMAN. -Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20.--Translated by PHILIP FRANCIS, D.D., -and others. 2 vols. $1.50. - -THACKERAY. - -=Harper's Household Edition.= With Illustrations by GEORGE DU MAURIER and -the Author. Novels, 6 Vols.; Miscellanies, 5 Vols. 12mo, Cloth, $1.25 -per vol.; $12.00 per set. - -SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE. - -=The Complete Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.= With an Introductory -Essay upon his Philosophical and Theological Opinions. Library Edition. -Edited by Professor W. G. T. SHEDD. With an Index. In 7 Volumes. 12mo, -Cloth, $2.00 per Volume, or $12.00 per set. - -GOETHE. - -=Faust.= Translated by JOHN ANSTER. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; Paper, 50 -cents. - -WILLIAM WORDSWORTH. - -=Poems.= Chosen and Edited by MATTHEW ARNOLD. 32mo, Paper, 50 cents. - -=Select Poems.=* By W. J. ROLFE. 16mo, Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 40 cents. - -=A Selection from the Sonnets.= With Numerous Illustrations by ALFRED -PARSONS. 4to, Full Leather, Gilt Edges, $5.00. (_In a Box._) - -VICTOR HUGO. - -=Things Seen.= With Portrait. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; 12mo, Paper, 25 -cents. - -JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL. - -=The Letters of James Russell Lowell.= Edited by CHARLES ELIOT NORTON. -With Portrait, 2 vols., 8vo, Cloth, $8.00; Half Calf, $12.50. (_In a -Box._) - -* _To the prices given above, in the cases of School and College -Text-Books, as indicated by asterisks, 10% should be added for -postage._ - - - - -Life In the Regular Army. - - Most people who see members of the National Guard in showy uniforms - and on dress parade, and some people who see United States regular - troops on pleasant Sunday afternoons, sitting on the banks at Fort - Wadsworth, and enjoying the exquisite views of New York upper and - lower bays, get the notion that a soldier's life is a jolly and a - lazy one. I can speak from experience when I state that the life of - an enlisted man in a heavy battery of the United States artillery - is not always jolly, and not as lazy as it sometimes appears. - - One needs good references and a better body to get into the regular - army. Many American young men who have the inclination to enter the - army have not the physique, and so it happens that the American - service has, one might almost say, every nationality in it except - Americans. - - I belong to Battery D, First Artillery, which was stationed at Fort - Wadsworth when I enlisted, but has since been transferred to - Jackson Barracks, a few miles out of New Orleans. Although much - under thirty, I have seen service in a foreign country's armed - forces, and have been in many parts of the world. Like most other - Americans who enter the army, I enlisted in small part because I - thought I might like the service, and in great part because I could - not, just then, find anything else to do. The physical examinations - to get into the service are most rigid, and there is much of what - people call "red tape," but I suppose all of the latter is - necessary. - - Recruits in the United States Army are called "Rookies"--why, I - don't know. You can readily tell a rookie from a veteran. A - rookie's earliest interest concerns his "kit," which is his - personal property, although issued to him by the quarter-master. - The kit comprises a great number of articles, including - under-clothing, shoes, collars, white cotton and fur gloves, half a - dozen styles of caps, a dress-coat, and a brown canvas suit for - "fatigue" duty. Each man is allowed $60 the first year, $28 the - second, and $30 the third to spend for clothing. The government - loans to him a bedstead, mattress, sheets, pillow, clothes box and - bag, besides gun, canteen, knife, fork, and some other odd things. - - Barrack life is not one which every man can take a liking to at - first. The enlisted man, in scores of cases, is a rover, to begin - with. But a company of such men thrown together presently find - their "bunkies." They pair off by a sort of natural selection. The - accidents of the mess, or of walking post, or guard duty lead to a - rough-and-ready friendship. - - A trying period for the recruit is while he is in the sergeant's - training, getting his first lessons in drill. This he begins - without gun--or arms, as the gun is called in the army. It is not - till he has had these private lessons for three months that he is - turned over for duty, walks his first post, and comes to be - regarded by his fellows as a full-fledged soldier. - - [Illustration: THE YARD, JACKSON BARRACKS.] - - In the morning no one comes and tells a fellow that breakfast is - ready. At Fort Wadsworth the bugle sounded at 5.30 in summer, and 6 - in winter. Ten minutes later reveille sounds, a gun is fired, the - flag is raised on the post staff--a large flag for a pleasant day, - and a smaller one for a stormy day--and the fort is swarming with - men running here and there, and going down stairs three steps at a - bound. Assembly for roll-call is only five minutes after - reveille--not a long time to wash and dress. But a fellow in the - service has to do as he is commanded. You have heard of the captain - who told the recruit that there were three things to do to make a - good soldier. The first was to obey orders; the second, to obey - orders; and the third, to obey orders. There are mess-call for - breakfast, sick-call for hospital, and fatigue-call for men who are - to do extra duty, like mowing weeds, moving guns, or maybe milking - the colonel's cow, should he keep one. Then those remaining in - barracks spend half an hour swinging clubs, running, jumping, or - other exercise to develop the muscles. Each post commander fixes - the hours for drills within certain limits, but guard-mount comes - early in the fore-noon, is usually performed in full-dress uniform, - and executed the same in all military posts. A new guard goes on - and relieves the old one. There is quiet in the post, save for the - bugle that marks the hours, till half past eleven, when recall is - sounded. At twelve dinner is ready. At one work begins again, if - there is work to do, and lasts till half past four. Supper is at - five, and at sunset there is dress parade. The work done is, - cleaning up the reservation, mounting or moving guns, digging - ditches, and doing a lot of things that don't appear in accounts of - military manoeuvres and show parades. - - In winter school is kept, usually by one of the commissioned - officers, when there are classes in range-finding, knotting and - splicing ropes, gunnery, and the like. - - Sunset parade is what the soldier's lady friends always come to - see. It is ceremonious. Let me tell you about it. All are obliged - to answer the call for it, and fall in on their respective - parade-grounds, neatly dressed, shoes polished, white gloves on, - and arms bright. The first sergeant calls the roll, and brings the - company or battery to parade rest. The adjutant, or officer of the - day, now takes charge, and by a wave of the hand notifies the chief - trumpeter to sound off retreat. At the last sound of the bugle the - corporal of the guard fires the evening gun, and another member of - the guard hauls down the flag. The first sergeants report the - presence or absence of the men, and the corporal of the guard locks - up the colors, to remain so till reveille next morning. - - This ends the day's routine of a regular army enlisted man in - barracks, and he may go where he pleases until eleven, when taps is - sounded. At taps the lights must go out. A check-roll is taken to - see if any men are absent. This is done by a sergeant or corporal, - who takes a list of names of the men, and, with a lantern for - light, goes through the rooms to see if each man is in bed. - - Special permission is granted to men of good character to absent - themselves from retreat, check-roll call, and reveille every day - when not on special duty. At Fort Wadsworth, which, with Fort - Hamilton, guards the entrance to New York harbor, most men have the - afternoons off, and not a few of them put them in in sleep. There - is a fascination about the soldier's life. And yet most men in it - wish themselves out of it, and are always looking forward to the - end of their enlistments, or speculating whether it will pay them - to buy their releases. Sometimes we have entertainments in the post - hall, and on Sundays the reservation swarms with sight-seers, who - ask innumerable questions, some sensible, others otherwise. Do I - like a soldier's life? Yes, though I often, as do others in the - service, I fancy, build air-castles about what I would do if out of - it. - - FREDERIC WILKENS. - JACKSON BARRACKS, NEW ORLEANS. - - * * * * * - -Questions and Answers. - -James F. Rodgers: The best researches in the line you indicate have been -made by the national government, which has explored, measured, and dug -over a great part of the ruins of the homes of former cliff dwellers and -Aztec Indians. The Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum, -Washington, contain many pictures, surveys, etc., of these ruins. We -know of no society engaged in such study, or, at least, none that makes -excavations.--Ethel R. Betts: Greek is now required for entrance to -Barnard, but some changes are to be made in the requirements. See the -answer of the Registrar published in this column, No. 902.--Bessie H. -asks how she can get foreign postage-stamps. In several ways. She can -buy them from a dealer; she can trade with friends for them; she can -send the money to some post-office in the country the stamps of which -she desires; or she can write to correspondents in foreign countries -whose names she finds in the ROUND TABLE or other publication. - -Marian E. P. Greene, Jamacha, Cal., writes: "A Swiss friend, much -interested in autograph-collecting, has sent me one of her 'traders'--an -autograph of Emile Zola--with the request that I exchange it for some -well-known American or English writer. I also have the autograph of -Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, generally known as Princess -Christian. This I will be glad to trade for an American autograph, or -will send it with Zola's in exchange for a very good one. I would much -like to have the ROUND TABLE dated December 25, 1895, and will send ten -cents in stamps to any Knight or Lady who can procure it for me. If a -Lady of the Round Table has passed her eighteenth birthday, can she -still write to the TABLE from time to time, and send questions to be -answered, or must she give up this privilege?" She need not give up the -privilege. The TABLE is glad to receive morsels descriptive of -interesting places, people, and things. - -An Orange subscriber asks where he can see pictures of the different -ships of our navy. In HARPER'S WEEKLY, files of which you will find in -your local library. If you wish to possess them, you can procure back -numbers of the WEEKLY. Consult the file to see what numbers you desire. -In the WEEKLY you will find not only pictures of all our naval ships, -but pictures of some of the larger ones in several positions.--"A. H. S." -asks: "If a picture takes a prize in your Camera Club Competition and is -printed in your paper, are you the holder of a copyright on said -picture? And also if it may be submitted for printing in another journal -at some future time?" Each issue of most periodicals is copyrighted. -That copyright covers everything in the issue. Where a photograph has -been reproduced in a periodical, whether HARPER'S ROUND TABLE or some -other, it is best to ask the publishers' permission about using it -again. That permission can generally be obtained, or at least a plate -purchased. Of course one would hardly enter a prize-picture in another -prize competition. That might be fair, but one cannot afford to appear -over-greedy. - -Richard Stark, Jun., sends us the following: - -"Where can I get setting-boards for setting butterflies and moths? Is a -microscope costing from $3 to $5 powerful enough to properly examine -plants and insects? Is there any Chapter or society of young naturalists -for exchanging specimens of natural history? If so, I would like to hear -from it." Make the setting-boards yourself. The ROUND TABLE published -directions for using them only a short time since. A low-priced -microscope will answer very well for examining plants, but a more -powerful one is needed for insects. You say "properly" examining. Much -depends on how important you regard the word "properly." As a general -rule, it is poor economy to purchase cheap scientific instruments. If -you can afford a microscope costing $8 to $20, you will find it much -more satisfactory. Might you not secure one on approval?--A New York -member asks for a proof of a prize-story which the ROUND TABLE desires -to have illustrated. We regret to say we have no such story at present, -and no plans have been made to have our prize-stories illustrated this -year. - - * * * * * - -Woman's Bicycle Distance Record. - -Here is an interesting query. "A. M." asks the woman's bicycle distance -record. She says hers, ridden during one year, is 5700 miles. She asks -if she holds the record. Let us hear from members on this interesting -point. - - * * * * * - -THAT WONDERFUL SAIL. - -HARPER'S ROUND TABLE has rarely published a puzzle that so exercised the -minds of its young friends and led to so much instructive research. A -curious thing about the contest was the fact that questions thought in -advance to be difficult were answered readily, while some quite easy -questions were missed by almost every solver. Such an outcome has never -before been known in all of these many contests. For example, the sign -at the boat-landing, and the three riddles 21, 22, and 23, were put into -the puzzle as "stickers." Yet more than half the solvers answered all -three of the riddles, and every one of them, save perhaps a half-dozen, -discovered the keys to the landing sign, much to the astonishment of the -puzzle's author. Of the riddles, the one that proved the most difficult -was 22. On the other hand, the "Mad Yankee" and the "Bad Lands of the -Say It," both quite easy, were missed by almost everybody. Such a fact -is no less astonishing than that all should guess the hard questions. - -The question was asked by one solver, if an answer fitting the question -perfectly is thrown out or counted wrong, provided it does not chance to -have been the propounder's answer to the question. The answer is an -emphatic no. All answers that fit the questions are accepted, of course, -and in case of doubt the solver is given the benefit. In the correct -answers herewith given, those put down first are the propounder's -answers; succeeding ones, if any, those found by the solvers, and -accepted because they answer the questions. Solvers are asked to read -them, and immediately afterward the explanation which follows: - -1. Ba(Lear)ic--Prospero. 2. Edu(Cato)r. 3. Mis (Solon)ghi--Socrates. 4. -Better leave bad company behind. 5. Noah Webster. 6. Elisha Kent Kane. -7. S(cave)nger. 8. Gras(shop)per--Para(a city in Brazil) site. 9. -I(magi)nation--pre(sage). 10. Cor(rug)ation--(fur)row--s(cowl). 11. -A(string)ent--(cord)ial--por(twine). 12. G(litter)ing--b(rig)ht. 13. -Es(cap)ade--dis(turban)ce--false(hood). 14. Re(quire)ment. 15. S(corn)er. -16. Se(map)hore. 17. Ser(vice)able. 18. H(alb)erd. 19. B(ranch)ie. 20. -In(scrip)tion--prescription. 21. Cheese. 22. A clay pipe. 23. Rabbit's -foot. 24. Ce(rum)en--whiskey in ear of corn. 25. Re(cup)eration. 26. -B(rake)man. 27. S(crib)e--S(cot)t--Al(cot)t--Pres(cot)t. 28. -Hot(tent)ot--A(shanti). 29. S(heath)ing. 30. S(hut)ter. 31. Quad(rill)e. -32. Ro(pew)alk. 33. Sal(a man)der. 34. Sy(nag)ogue. 35. The Land of -Steady Habits (Connecticut). - -In 1 and 3 a doubt honestly arose whether hidden names or facts were -intended. Hence both were allowed. In 6, "Mad" Anthony Wayne was not the -mad Yankee, because he was born in Pennsylvania, of Irish parents. In 9, -many gave "mage" in "image" for "magi," which was, of course, not -allowed, and others gave "judge" in "judgement," meaning perhaps -"judgment," as if it were expected solvers would misspell words. In 21, -"milk" is not allowable because it is not subjected to great pressure. -In 22, "iron" would not do for several reasons--see conditions. In 23, -"horseshoe" does not fit, because not a serious loss to its owner, as is -the rabbit's foot. That which is used by masons is the hair--in plaster. -The last question, which almost everybody missed, is a simple anagram, -not nearly so difficult to rearrange as the alphabetical cipher in 4. - -The highest honor and a substantial prize of $20 were won by Bryant K. -Hussey, who lives in Chicago and is 16 years of age. He gave correct -answers to all save 6 and 35. The second honors, with prize of $5 to -each, go to sisters who live in a pretty Virginia town. Their names are -Amy Ralston and Katherine B. Rogers. The other prize-winners are Francis -C. Péquignot, of Philadelphia, $4, and the following six, to each of -whom $1 is awarded: Lewis P. Churchill, of Nova Scotia; Eunice K. Jones, -of Ohio; Robert H. Mead, Raymond Tilley, and Joseph B. Eastman, of -Pennsylvania; and Pierre W. Saxton, of Otsego County, New York. - -In these awards an honor list is made--an unusual concession--and -deservedly at the head of this list is placed the name of Master M. L. -Hamlin, aged nine, who lives in Yonkers, New York. The others, whose -names follow, correctly answered thirty of the thirty-five questions: -Maddie C. Marshall, South Carolina; Roy Culbertson, Kentucky; Bayard B. -Rodman, Long Island; Alice B. Tobey, Ohio; Harold F. Gaston and Bessie -Jones, Pennsylvania; Maude G. Corcoran, Maryland; Kathryn A. Fisher, -Michigan; Paul F. Case and Claude S. Smith, Monroe County, New York; -Anna W. James, New Jersey; and L. J. Martin, Kansas. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -Arnold - -Constable & Co. - -Ladies' - -Spring Woollens. - -_Covert and Whipcord Suitings,_ - -_English, Scotch, and Irish Homespuns,_ - -_Venetians, Mixed Meltons,_ - -_Plain Faced Cloths,_ - -for Tailor-made Costumes. - -_Black and Colored Serges,_ - -_Plaid Black Cloths,_ - -for Bicycle and Golf Skirts. - -_Fancy Ducks, Crash._ - -Broadway & 19th st. - -NEW YORK. - - - - -"A perfect type of the highest order - -of excellence in manufacture." - -[Illustration: Walter Baker] - -COSTS LESS THAN ONE CENT A CUP - -Be sure that you get the - -genuine article, made at - -DORCHESTER, MASS., - -By WALTER BAKER & CO., Ltd. - -Established 1780. - - - - -Postage Stamps, &c. - - - - -[Illustration] - -STAMPS! 300 genuine mixed Victoria, Cape, India, Japan, Etc., with Stamp -Album, only 10c. New 96-page price-list =FREE=. Approval Sheets, 50% com. -Agents Wanted. We buy old U.S. & Conf. Stamps & Collections. =STANDARD -STAMP CO., St. Louis, Mo., Established 1885.= - - - - -[Illustration] - -=ALBUM AND LIST FREE!= Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. =C. A. Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -=104= all different, Bolivia, &c., 10c. Finest approval sheets at 50% -discount. Agents wanted. 1897 price-list free. Shaw Stamp & Coin Co., -Jackson, Mich. - - - - -=AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER= circular sent FREE. Write now. =F. J. STANTON, -Norwich, N. Y.= - - - - -=FREE!= Sample P'k (250) Stamp Hinges with New Stamp List. DOVER & CO., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -U.S. Postage and Rev. Fine approval sheets. Agts. wanted. - -P. S. CHAPMAN, Box 151, Bridgeport, Ct. - - - - -=55= Foreign Stamps, Shanghai, Costa Rica, Bolivia, etc. 3c. H. L. -ASHFIELD, 767 Prospect Av., N. Y. - - - - -BOYS & GIRLS - -make money selling my Household Article. Needed in every house. Send =4 -cents= in stamps for sample, and start to work. =C. D. BABCOCK, 71 Nassau -St., N. Y.= - - - - -PLAYS - -Dialogues, Speakers for School, Club and Parlor. Catalogue free. - -T. S. DENISON, Publisher, Chicago, Ill. - - - - -HOOPING-COUGH - -CROUP. - -Roche's Herbal Embrocation. - -The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, W. EDWARD & SON, Queen Victoria St., London, England. All -Druggists. - -E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N. Y. - - - - -MEFISTO SCARF PIN. - -[Illustration] - -A brand new joke: Mefisto's bulging eyes, bristling ears and ghastly -grin invite curiosity every time when worn on scarf or lapel, and it is -fully satisfied when by pressing the rubber ball concealed in your -inside pocket you souse your inquiring friend with water. Throws a -stream 30 feet; hose 16 in. long; 1-1/2 inch ball; handsome -silver-oxidized face colored in hard enamel; worth 25c. as a pin and a -dollar as a joker; sent as a sample of our 3000 specialties with 112 -page catalogue post-paid for ONLY 15c.; 2 for 25c.; $1.40 Doz. AGENTS -Wanted. - -ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO., - -Dept. No. 62, 65 & 67 Cortlandt Street, New York City. - - - - -[Illustration: AN ALARMING CUSTOMER. - -THE WILD MARCH HARE. "SAY, I'M WILD! GIVE ME A SEDATIVE, QUICK!"] - - * * * * * - -AN INGENIOUS DEFENCE. - -An old darky was brought before a Southern magistrate, not long ago, -accused of stealing a neighbor's chickens when the nights were dark and -no one stirred abroad. The old man put up a long but weak argument, -seizing upon every possible straw to support his defence. The evidence -was too strong, however, and matters were rapidly approaching a climax -that meant a month of idleness in the town jail. The thought of this and -the attendant ignominy stirred the old darky to a point where he did -nothing but splutter out, - -"'Pon my honor, jedge, Ise--er--Ise didn't done take 'em." - -At last the judge grew tired, and was about to sentence him, when a -broad smile illuminated the darky's face as he cried out, - -"I's got it, jedge; Ise can prove an alibi 'bout dem chickens." - -"Well, what is it?" exclaimed the judge. - -"You see, jedge, no poor colored man could take dem chickens at -night-time." - -"How's that?--what do you mean?" - -"'Cause, jedge, dey's nothin' but roosters at night, and de charge am dat -I took chickens." - -The ingenuity of the defence won the day. - - * * * * * - -NO DUPLICITY HERE. - -The story is told of an English and an Irish trooper who were scouting -against the Matabele in South Africa recently. A band of savages -suddenly burst from behind some rocks and started for the men. They -jumped upon their horses and fled over the rough country, but the -Irishman kept falling to the rear of his companion. - -"Confound you, Mike!" exclaimed the Englishman; "ride, ride for your -life! You'll be caught!" - -"Go 'long wid you!" replied the Irish trooper, who was doing his best; -"do you think I'm throwin' the race?" - - * * * * * - -ONE OF THE FAMILY. - -It may interest some of our readers to glance through this short -characteristic sketch of James Seymour, born in London in 1702, which is -more strongly impressive than many longer memoirs. The fact that he -displayed a fondness for drawing and painting in boyhood, and -subsequently gained celebrity by his skill in designing horses, is too -well known to comment upon. Once the proud Duke of Somerset employed -Seymour to paint a room at his seat in Sussex with the portraits of his -running-horses. Having admitted the artist to his table, he one day -drank to him, saying, - -"Cousin Seymour, your health." - -The painter replied, "My lord, I really believe that I have the honor of -being of your Grace's family." - -This hurt the pride of the Duke so much that he rose from the table and -ordered his Steward to pay Seymour and dismiss him. Finding, however, -that no one in England could complete the pictures begun, he -condescended to send for his cousin. The painter responded to the -message in these words: - -"My lord, I will now prove that I am of your Grace's family, for I won't -come." - - * * * * * - -ENOUGH FOR HIM. - -The approach of St. Patrick's day reminds one of a little incident, -laughable enough, that took place during last year's parade in New York. -The gallant sons of Ireland had turned out resplendent in their green -regalias, marching with proud step to the music of the band. Those on -horses cantered along as best as the legs of their weak-spirited nags -would permit. One jovial son had considerable trouble with his horse, -which seemed possessed with the insane idea that he was the whole -procession, much to the annoyance and at the same time amusement of the -other paraders. At last the animal, during one of its erratic movements, -caught a hoof in one of the stirrups. That settled it. With a look of -infinite disgust the rider exclaimed, - -"Faith, if yez are going to git up, me boy, thin it's toime for me to -git down." And he thereupon dismounted. - - * * * * * - -EXPERIENCE. - -"My daddy's awful good to me," said Jennie, "treats me just like I was -his sister." - -"Pulls your hair, does he?" asked Flossie, who has a brother. - - * * * * * - -BOBBIE'S BILL. - -Bobbie has been learning business methods recently, which may account -for a bill which his father found recently upon the breakfast table, -reading as follows: - - NEW YORK, _January_ 15, 1897. - - MR. PAPA TO BOBBIE, _Dr._ - - For not paying him his allowance for three weeks, - at 25 cents a week .75 - Interest at 6% .05 - --- - .80 - -Please pay up! - - * * * * * - -AN ACCOMPLISHMENT. - -"I can run faster than you can, Hal," bragged Jimmie. - -"That's all right," returned Harry; "but I can stand faster than you -can, and when war breaks out they'll think more of me than they will of -you." - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - -***** This file should be named 60823-8.txt or 60823-8.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/8/2/60823/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll -have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using -this ebook. - - - -Title: Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: December 1, 2019 [EBook #60823] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ISO-8859-1 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_BATTLE_OF_OPEQUAN_CREEK">THE BATTLE OF OPEQUAN CREEK.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#LIFE_IN_THE_WHITE_HOUSE">LIFE IN THE WHITE HOUSE.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_PAINTED_DESERT">THE PAINTED DESERT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#STANDARDS_IN_MODERN_LITERATURE">STANDARDS IN MODERN LITERATURE.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_LAUGHY-MAN">THE LAUGHY-MAN.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#FOR_SALE_A_WARRIOR">FOR SALE:—A WARRIOR.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT">INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#THE_CAMERA_CLUB">THE CAMERA CLUB.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><a href="#STAMPS">STAMPS.</a></td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_425" id="Page_425">[Pg 425]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 800px;"> -<img src="images/ill_001.jpg" width="800" height="325" alt="HARPER'S ROUND TABLE" /> -</div> - -<p class="center">Copyright, 1897, by <span class="smcap">Harper & Brothers</span>. All Rights Reserved.</p> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" width="100%" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">published weekly</span>.</td><td align="center">NEW YORK, TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 1897.</td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">five cents a copy</span>.</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"><span class="smcap">vol. xviii.—no</span>. 905.</td><td align="center"></td><td align="right"><span class="smcap">two dollars a year</span>.</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="full" /> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="THE_BATTLE_OF_OPEQUAN_CREEK" id="THE_BATTLE_OF_OPEQUAN_CREEK"></a> -<img src="images/ill_002.jpg" width="700" height="484" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>THE BATTLE OF OPEQUAN CREEK.</h2> - -<h3>BY RICHARD BARRY.</h3> - -<p>General Sheridan, despite the reputation he had gained for dashing, -reckless bravery, was withal a cautious commander. He did not believe in -making long forced marches and hurling tired troops at an intrenched -enemy. The success of a charge, in his mind, was due entirely to the -freshness of the men, the fierceness of the onslaught, and the surprise -occasioned to the enemy by sudden and unexpected movement.</p> - -<p>Early in the month of September, 1864, Sheridan's army was encamped in -the hills looking down into the little valley of the Opequan, a small, -crooked stream about four miles from the town of Winchester. On the -opposite side of the creek the Confederate army under General Early was -intrenched in a strong position. The banks of the stream were steep and -the crossings deep, requiring much care in fording.</p> - -<p>For more than ten days the two armies fronted each other without sign of -an advance on either part. But Early was on the defensive, and Sheridan -was preparing a plan of attack that it was hoped would rout him -completely; and if everything had worked to his entire satisfaction, it -might have resulted in the capture of the whole Confederate army before -the forces had time to fall back upon Winchester. By the afternoon of -the 18th these plans had<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_426" id="Page_426">[Pg 426]</a></span> been perfected; the commanders of divisions -and the cavalry leaders had received their orders. The privates knew -from the hurrying of orderlies and the sending of despatches that they -would soon be on the move. There was little sleep that night for the -blue-clad men. Ammunition was dealt out, tents were struck, and troopers -and infantry lay down with their arms beside them. At 2 <span class="smcap">a.m</span>. word was -passed for the regiment to fall in line, and the great advance was -begun. General Merritt's cavalry was ordered to proceed to the Opequan -and cross at the fords near the bridge of the Winchester and Potomac -Railroad. Merritt was ordered to cross at daylight, to turn to the left -and attack the Confederate flank.</p> - -<p>General Wilson's division, followed by the infantry, was to clear the -crossings of the Opequan on the road leading from Berryville to -Winchester. South of the town was Abraham's Creek; it emptied into the -Opequan and flanked the line of the Confederate intrenchments. On the -north was a similar creek, named the Red Bud, which served the same -purpose. Along these natural fortifications, and spreading across the -rise of ground on the farther side of the Opequan, lay the whole force -of Early's army. It was Sheridan's intention to take the centre first -and overthrow it before the rest of the Confederate army, which was -somewhat scattered, could come up to its assistance.</p> - -<p>As it is of the cavalry's work in this fight that this short paper -treats, it is best to move at once to the right of the Union line, where -the mounted forces were expected to ford the creek.</p> - -<p>It was almost pitch dark, and a few minutes after two in the morning, -when the Second United States Cavalry, under the command of Captain T. F. -Rodenbough, moved with the reserve brigade of the First Cavalry -Division down the sloping ground toward the valley of the stream. -Early's outposts and pickets were met some time before the ford was -reached. There were a few hasty shots exchanged in the darkness, without -any damage being done, and then the mounted pickets crossed to the -safety of their own lines on the farther side.</p> - -<p>A small force of the Union cavalry was dismounted on the road, and the -outbuildings of a farm-house were occupied by a reserve force; while the -regiment was deployed, mounted, in the fields to the right and left of -the ruins of the old railroad bridge. Nothing was standing of this -structure but the stone abutments. The bridge that crossed the creek -diagonally to the roadway had been destroyed, but the water was fordable -on either side. Now the forces waited for daylight. Long before the sun -rose, as the dim light spread and widened, the enemy's infantry pickets -could be seen hurriedly making preparations to resist any attempt at -crossing on the part of the waiting cavalry.</p> - -<p>The bank of the creek was very steep and thickly wooded. The leaves were -yet on the trees, and the dark masses of armed men could be seen -distinctly here and there in the few clearings. The railroad entered the -hill-side through a deep cut, forming a ready-made intrenchment for the -enemy's infantry and riflemen. One of the stone abutments and the -adjoining pier were close to the entrance of the cut, and formed an -angle with a wooded bluff directly in line with it.</p> - -<p>Despite the fact that the men had been in the saddle almost the whole -night, they were keen to move; and before sunrise General Merritt, in -command of the First Division, ordered Colonel Lowell, who led the -reserve brigade, to carry the ford and effect a lodgement on the farther -bank. At once Colonel Lowell dismounted a portion of his command, and -with a cheer the men dashed into the water, and holding their carbines -high above their heads, plashed through the stream, many standing -waist-deep and replying to the fire that was poured into them. The Fifth -United States Cavalry and a portion of the Second Massachusetts infantry -followed at once.</p> - -<p>Rodenbough, who had been waiting with his men in one of the fields on -the hill-side, received his orders to move. With a loud shout the -regiment charged down the side of the hill to one side of the slowly -advancing men on foot, dashed pell-mell through the ford, and, in the -face of a terrible fire from the enemy's infantry, swept up the opposite -incline on a dead run, making for the railway cut, where the -Confederates were completely hidden from the Union fire.</p> - -<p>The Second had by this time made the solid ground, and charged also, -without firing a shot until it gained the crest of the cut. The -Confederates, who had not expected such an onslaught, threw down their -arms as the mounted men poured over the sides of the embankment down -upon them. Many started to run, but were taken prisoners, and it was a -joyful sight for the commander of the cavalry to notice, as he reformed -his line, that there were but few saddles empty. But in the early -advance, before Rodenbough's cavalry had reached the crossing, the -musket fire concentrated upon the ford was simply terrific.</p> - -<p>Colonel W. H. Harrison, late Captain of the Second Cavalry, describes an -experience through which no man would like to pass a second time.</p> - -<p>"Lieutenant Wells, myself, and two orderlies, mounted, were -unfortunately imprisoned in the archway between the abutment and -adjacent pier on the enemy's side, the bullets, hot from the muzzles of -their guns, striking the abutment, pier, and water like leaden hail. We -were face to face with the enemy, yet powerless to harm him. Our only -salvation was to hug the abutment until that portion of the regiment -immediately on our left had gained the crest of the cut. Minutes were -long drawn out, and in a fit of impatience Lieutenant Wells rashly -attempted to take a peep beyond the corner of the abutment, thus -exposing his horse, which instantly received a serious wound in the -shoulder. The writer, with equal rashness, attempted to recross the -creek, and when in the middle of it heartily wished himself under the -protection of his good friend the abutment, the bullets being so -neighborly and so fresh from the musket as to have that peculiar sound -incident to dropping water on a very hot stove. Suddenly the cheers of -our men apprised us that the crest of the cut had been gained and a -portion of the enemy's infantry captured."</p> - -<p>By the time the sun was up above the trees, the reserve brigade had -gained the coveted position across the Opequan, connecting with Custer's -forces on the left, which had gallantly carried the ford three-quarters -of a mile below.</p> - -<p>And now the roll of musketry and the thunder of cannon let every one -know that the main infantry line under General Sheridan had commenced -action. It was a cheerful sound to those on the flank, who had no -inkling of how matters were going on either side of them. The advance -was made at an eager pace, and confidence and determination were evident -from the looks and actions of the officers and men. But the enemy fell -back a few miles toward Winchester, and it was not until almost noon -that any resistance was met with, except for the occasional shots of the -pickets and rear-guard.</p> - -<p>It was about this hour that Sheridan's forces were ready to advance -along the entire line. Early had gathered all his strength and met them -with a terrific fire. The battle raged with the greatest fury. Both -sides were now fighting in open sight of each other, and the slaughter -was dreadful, especially at the centre. General Merritt, whose cavalry -had been following the Confederate General Breckenridge, charged again, -and drove their broken cavalry through the infantry line, which he -struck first in the rear, and afterwards face to face as it charged -front to meet him. General Devin charged with his brigade, and turning, -sought the shelter of the main force, bringing with him three battle -flags and more than three hundred prisoners.</p> - -<p>A line of the enemy's infantry was perceived at the edge of the heavy -belt of timber, protected by rail barricades which they had hastily -constructed on their front. Here they had evidently determined upon -making a stand, for they waved their battle flags and showed in such -considerable numbers that the cavalry line halted before them. As a -critic of this battle has said, it seemed almost foolhardy to charge a -line of infantry so well posted and protected, but the First Brigade and -the Second United States Cavalry, at the word "Forward! Charge!" dashed -across an open field and through a tangle of underbrush, and in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_427" id="Page_427">[Pg 427]</a></span> the -face of a fearful fire poured into them, rode straight up to the -barricade. But, alas! it was but a brilliant display of courage and -determination. None of the flaunting battle flags was captured, and the -broken remnant was obliged to retire hastily and in some disorder to -their comrades who had watched their gallant effort.</p> - -<p>A thrilling little incident happened in this charge, although it had -lasted but a few minutes. When within a few yards of the barricades, -Captain Rodenbough, who was well in advance, had his horse shot under -him, killed almost in his tracks. His men swept by him full tilt to the -line of wooden breastworks, and as they turned to ride back over the -same ground, Orderly Sergeant Schmidt of Company K, mounted on a -powerful gray horse, noticed his commander disentangling himself from -his fallen mount. The sergeant rode up, reining in with difficulty, -helped Captain Rodenbough to clamber up behind him, and, carrying -double, the good charger crossed the open space in safety. But let an -eye-witness tell the story of the last charge of the day, when the -entire division was formed, and rode together knee to knee at the -well-intrenched barrier and the double line of the enemy, who certainly -had the advantage of position.</p> - -<p>"It was well towards four o'clock, and though the sun was warm, the air -was cool and bracing. The ground to our front was open and level, in -some places as smooth as a well-cut lawn. Not an obstacle intervened -between us and the enemy's line, which was distinctly seen nervously -awaiting our attack. The brigade was in column of squadrons, the Second -United States Cavalry in front.</p> - -<p>"At the sound of the bugle we took the trot, the gallop, and then the -charge. As we neared their line we were welcomed by a fearful musketry -fire, which temporarily confused the leading squadron, and caused the -entire brigade to oblique slightly to the right. Instantly officers -cried out, 'Forward! Forward!' The men raised their sabres, and -responded to the command with deafening cheers. Within a hundred yards -of the enemy's line we struck a blind ditch, but crossed it without -breaking our front. In a moment we were face to face with the enemy. -They stood as if awed by the heroism of the brigade, and in an instant -broke in complete rout, our men sabring them as they vainly sought -safety in flight. In this charge the battery and many prisoners were -captured. Our own loss was severe, and of the officers of the Second, -Captain Rodenbough lost an arm and Lieutenant Harrison wag taken -prisoner.</p> - -<p>"It was the writer's misfortune to be captured, but not until six -hundred yards beyond where the enemy was first struck, and when -dismounted in front of their second line by his horse falling. Nor did -he suffer the humiliation of a surrender of his sabre, for as he fell to -the ground with stunning force its point entered the sod several inches, -wellnigh doubling the blade, which, in its recoil, tore the knot from -his wrist, flying many feet through the air.</p> - -<p>"Instantly a crowd of cavalry and infantry officers and men surrounded -him, vindictive and threatening in their actions, but unable to repress -such expressions as these: 'Great heavens! what a fearful charge!' 'How -grandly you sailed in!' 'What brigade?' 'What regiment?' As the reply -proudly came, 'Reserve Brigade, Second United States Cavalry,' they -fairly tore his clothing off, taking his gold watch and chain, -pocket-book, cap, and even spurs, and then turned him over to four -infantrymen. What a translation—yea, transformation! The confusion, -disorder, and actual rout produced by the successive charges of -Merritt's First Cavalry Division would appear incredible did not the -writer actually witness them. To the right, a battery, with guns -disabled and caissons shattered, was trying to make to the rear, the men -and horses impeded by broken regiments of cavalry and infantry. To the -left, the dead and wounded in confused masses around their field -hospitals—many of the wounded, in great excitement, seeking shelter in -Winchester. Directly in front an ambulance, the driver nervously -clutching the reins, while six men, in great alarm, were carrying to it -the body of General Rhodes. Not being able to account for the bullets -which kept whizzing past, the writer turned and faced our own lines to -discover the cause and, if possible, to catch a last sight of the stars -and stripes.</p> - -<p>"The sun was well down in the west, mellowing everything with that -peculiar golden hue which is the charm of our autumn days. To the left, -our cavalry were forming for another and final charge. To the right -front, our infantry, in unbroken line, in the face of the enemy's deadly -musketry, with banners unfurled, now enveloped in smoke, now bathed in -the golden glory of the setting sun, were seen slowly but steadily -pressing forward. Suddenly, above the almost deafening din and tumult of -the conflict, an exultant shout broke forth, and simultaneously our -cavalry and infantry line charged. As he stood on tiptoe to see the -lines crash together, himself and guards were suddenly caught in the -confused tide of a thoroughly beaten army—cavalry, artillery, and -infantry—broken, demoralized, and routed, hurrying through Winchester."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>RING AROUND THE ROSY.</h3> - -<p>Jack was sitting quietly by the fire the other day, doing no harm to -anybody, when a young person who thought well of himself rushed in and -attacked him with the assertion, "You can't do that!"</p> - -<p>The boy held out a card, upon which was drawn a dot in the centre of a -circle, and repeated his challenge:</p> - -<p>"You can't draw that figure without taking your pencil off the paper!"</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_003.jpg" width="400" height="184" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>Jack looked up and smiled. He bent one end of the card over, made a dot -with his pencil on the face of it just at the margin of the part folded -over, after which he moved the pencil across the overlying paper to the -point where he wished to begin his circle; then he let the line slip off -on to the face of the card, allowed the bent-over portion to fly back, -and finished the "ring around the rosy" without once taking his pencil -off the paper. This done, he handed the card to his friend, and went on -studying the fire, without a word. It is great to be great!</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>HE TOOK ONE LOAD.</h3> - -<p>It is reported of the late William H. Vanderbilt that his father, the -Commodore, did not give his son, when a young man, much credit for -business ability. Absolute verification of this is doubtful, but a good -story is told of an incident wherein the son proved that he too carried -in his head some of the astuteness in commercial intercourse that his -father possessed. The Commodore presented him with a farm on Staten -Island, informing him that he might live there, and to make the land -pay, as that was all he cared to contribute towards the lad's support. A -short time later the Commodore inquired of his son how he was getting -along.</p> - -<p>"Not very good, father," the young man replied. "What I need badly is -some means of improving the earth."</p> - -<p>"Well, suppose you go up to my stables and get a load of refuse; but -mind, I shall only give you one load."</p> - -<p>"All right," replied the son, and he took one load; but, to the -astonishment of the Commodore, when he went to the stables they had been -entirely cleaned.</p> - -<p>"How many loads did that boy of mine cart away from here?" he inquired -of the stableman.</p> - -<p>"One, sir," replied that functionary; "but he carried the stuff away in -a <i>barge</i>, sir."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_428" id="Page_428">[Pg 428]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="LIFE_IN_THE_WHITE_HOUSE" id="LIFE_IN_THE_WHITE_HOUSE">LIFE IN THE WHITE HOUSE.</a></h2> - -<h3>BY LUCY C. LILLIE.</h3> - -<p>Once in every four years one lady in the land is called upon to -undertake the most onerous of its social duties—those of mistress of -the White House—duties which, though attended by fewer formalities, are -scarcely less exacting than those of crowned Queen or Princess Royal in -a foreign court. Indeed, one may safely affirm that they are far more -fatiguing, since the lady of the White House must be equally courteous, -attentive, and considerate to all with whom she comes in contact, her -doorway excluding only the ragged or disorderly, Betsey Brown, from the -remotest village in Maine, enjoying the same right to call upon the -President's wife which belongs to the leading society belle of the day, -the male members of the two families having shared in electing their -President to his office of ruler of the nation. Simple, however, as the -etiquette of the White House may be, it is governed by certain rules and -customs handed down from one ruler to the next—modified or changed -according to the times, but in the main suggested by a spirit of -republican simplicity and cosmopolitan good-breeding.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 450px;"> -<img src="images/ill_004.jpg" width="450" height="255" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE WHITE HOUSE.</span> -</div> - -<p>The President's family occupy a suite of rooms as secluded as possible -from public view. They have their own staff of servants under a trained -steward and housekeeper; their own personal friends are received and -entertained with as much privacy as though the dwelling were not, in -part, an official residence. The "state apartments," open to the public -at fixed days and hours, include the Red Room, Blue Room, the galleries, -etc., about which is a romantic as well as historic interest; and in -turn various people are entertained therein as a matter of prescribed -formality. All Senators, Congressmen, and their wives and families, -foreign diplomats, visitors of any distinction, above and beyond all, -the "army and navy," are not only to be received, but during the short -winter season specially entertained, a series of dinners and receptions -being planned for this purpose.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_005.jpg" width="500" height="325" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE NURSERY.</span> -</div> - -<p>And meanwhile, is there time, one asks, for much home life in the White -House? As a matter of fact, few home circles are more comfortably and -agreeably managed than that of the President's family, provided, of -course, the "all-ruling spirit"—the <i>mother</i>—has within herself that -gracious gift which makes the fireside of home a radiant centre. "Mrs. -President's" day can be very closely outlined, excepting, of course, -such incidents as may occur at any time to alter the programme or such -plans as result from her own personality, and unless she elects to add -to her domestic cares, she need have nothing whatever to do with -housekeeping matters.</p> - -<p>Breakfast in the White House from time immemorial has been a social -family gathering, and generally takes place about nine o'clock. After -this the President's wife usually goes for a drive, during which she -attends to any personal shopping, either visiting the shops herself or -sending in her maid with orders, and it is one of the unwritten laws, -closely adhered to, that every item purchased shall be scrupulously and -promptly paid for—the system of "patronage" so extensively adopted in -many foreign countries not holding good, thank fortune, in our -republican government. Unless she especially desires to do so, the -President's wife makes no calls, one rule of the administration being -the blessed one which prohibits her returning any visits. She is -therefore free from the terrible social bore and strain—a round of -formal calls. Returning from her morning drive, she may be called upon -to receive some guest who is invited to luncheon.</p> - -<p>The methods of approaching the mistress of the White House or its ladies -are pre-eminently simple. If the visitor has a special introduction, he -or she can send this by messenger, receiving an answer through one of -the President's secretaries. Generally a day and hour will be fixed for -the guest to call at the White House, when he or she will be received as -in any other mansion, the degree of formality being regulated by that of -the introduction. An invitation to luncheon or dinner may -follow—possibly to some afternoon drive or theatre party. On levee days -some of the ladies of the cabinet, or it may be wives of special members -of the Senate or Congress, the army or navy, etc., receive with the -President's wife, relieving her in part of the fatigue of these weekly -ceremonials. However, it is all so smoothly and agreeably managed that -in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_429" id="Page_429">[Pg 429]</a></span> course of many administrations the complaints of lack of -courtesy have been very few.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_006.jpg" width="600" height="380" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">MRS. CLEVELAND'S DRAWING-ROOM.</span> -</div> - -<p>As I have said, the White House is replete with historic and romantic -interest. On October 13, 1792, its cornerstone was laid with Masonic -ceremonies, and seven years passed before its completion. The original -plan called for three stories, but the public raised the cry of economy, -and it was cut down to two stories and basement. The entire expense of -building the White House, including furnishings, repairs, etc., up to -the year 1814, amounted to the small sum of $334,000.</p> - -<p>It was first occupied just ninety-six years ago by President John Adams, -and various were the struggles to keep it in even ordinary repair. Mrs. -Adams, its first mistress, was dissatisfied with the place, and her -complaints were varied and numerous. She wrote that "the rooms were -large and barren, and that it took a great deal of money to keep them in -proper order. Everything is on too grand a scale." It is amusing to know -that this lady used what is now called the great state drawing-room to -dry the family linen in, stretching the clothes-lines from one wall to -another.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_007.jpg" width="600" height="434" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">A RECEPTION IN THE WHITE HOUSE.</span> -</div> - -<p>After the decisive battle fought at Bladensburg, Maryland, in the war of -1812, the British advanced upon Washington. President Madison was in the -rear of the American lines, and seeing that the city was lost, he sent -word to his wife to escape. That noble lady's first thought was to save -Stuart's celebrated oil portrait of George Washington, which hung in the -White House. Hastening to the room, she had it taken from the wall and -carried to the retreating ranks of the American army, thus saving for -the republic one of its greatest art treasures. It was during this -invasion that the White House obtained its name from the coat of white -paint applied to its surface after the burning of its main building. -Numberless suggestions have been made to enlarge the official residence, -but the public objected. Its present occupation, doubtless, will end -with the close of the century and its hundred years of life, since the -needs and demands of the President's family and the public have outgrown -its proportions and capacity. But it will forever be associated with all -that has made our nation important. Tragedy has gone hand in hand with -festivity within its walls more than once. The great men of the country -have sat in its rooms in grimmest council, when the fate of the nation -hung in the balance of a decision that sent a messenger at daybreak -flying from the White House gates. Twice its doors have opened to -receive a murdered President, and again the joy bells have rung to honor -a bride, and a child born in its "purple," yet who lived to toil for her -daily bread far from friends and home. It cannot be parted with or even -altered carelessly, yet unquestionably its fate is sealed. With the -close of the century its story of a hundred years will be told.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_430" id="Page_430">[Pg 430]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="THE_PAINTED_DESERT" id="THE_PAINTED_DESERT">THE PAINTED DESERT.</a></h2> - -<h4>A STORY OF NORTHERN ARIZONA.</h4> - -<h3>BY KIRK MUNROE,</h3> - -<p class="center"><span class="smcap">Author of "Rick Dale," "The Fur-Seal's Tooth," "Snow-Shoes and Sledges," -"The Mate Series," etc</span>.</p> - -<h3>CHAPTER III.</h3> - -<h3>LOST ON THE PAINTED DESERT.</h3> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 150px;"> -<img src="images/ill_008.jpg" width="150" height="154" alt="Drop Cap F" /> -</div> - -<p>illed with a determination not to become rattled by the perils -surrounding him, our young hunter at once proceeded to select a -camping-place and make his scanty preparations for passing the long -hours of darkness. With neither wood, water, nor grass to be seen in any -direction, and all places looking alike uninviting, the task was not -difficult. Dismounting, and leading his horse to a little recessed gully -at the foot of a steep bluff, which would at least afford a shelter from -the wind, Todd unsaddled, fastened the free end of the picket-rope to a -bowlder, cleared away the rocky fragments from a small space of level -sand, and unrolled his blankets.</p> - -<p>Thus the sorry camp was made; and as the poor boy contrasted it with the -one he had occupied but the night before—a camp of cheerful fires, -merry talk, an abundance of food, and an atmosphere of perfect -security—the horrors of his present position crowded upon him like -black forms, from which he recoiled with a shiver of apprehension. He -found in one of his pockets half a hard biscuit that remained from his -lunch of that day, and this, with a sup of lukewarm water from the -scanty supply still remaining in his canteen, formed his evening meal. -Then, with the saddle for a pillow and rifle by his side, he rolled -himself in his blankets and tried to sleep.</p> - -<p>For a long time he could not, and when he finally stepped into the land -of dreams they were of such an unhappy nature that he was thankful to -awake from them and find a faint dawn stealing over the weird landscape. -Both he and his pony were shivering with the chill of early morning when -he once more mounted and attempted to retrace his course of the previous -day. This, however, was soon given up as a fruitless task, for in that -region every prominent feature was reproduced over and over again with a -bewildering sameness. Then he sought for some one among the many -inaccessible sandstone bluffs by which he was surrounded that might be -climbed. Before he found such a one and gained its summit the sun was -high overhead, and blazing down with a pitiless heat. Still, on -attaining the desired elevation, the lad felt amply repaid, for not many -miles away he could plainly see a regular range of bluffs and the trees -that indicated a river. He could even catch glimpses here and there of -flashing waters. To be sure, these things did not lie in what he -believed to be the right direction; but recalling that lost persons -generally become turned about, he decided that this must have happened -in his case. Carefully noting the bearings of intervening objects, the -boy hastened down from his observatory, remounted, and began to urge his -unwilling steed over the new course thus laid out.</p> - -<p>For hours he travelled, wondering at the distance with each succeeding -mile, until finally, at the crest of a long and toilsome ascent, he -gained a point from which he again commanded a broad view of the -outlying country. Casting an eager glance in the direction he supposed -the river to be, the poor lad rubbed his eyes and looked again. Then, as -he realized the bitter truth that there was no river, and that he had -been the victim of a fleeting mirage, all his strength and energy seemed -to leave him, and he sank down on a fragment of rock as weak as a babe. -For some time he sat oblivious to his surroundings. He did not note the -wonderful scenery outspread as far as the eye could reach on all sides, -and upon which every other boy in the country would have considered it a -rare privilege to gaze. He had no thought save for his crushing -disappointment and his own melancholy condition. He was weak in body -from hunger, thirst, and fatigue, and heart-sick at remembrance of the -folly and disobedience that had brought him to such a pass.</p> - -<p>After a while a pull on the bridle-rein hanging across his arm roused -him and caused him to look up. His pony was pulling away, as though -impatient to be off.</p> - -<p>"I want to go as much as you do, old fellow," said the boy, sadly; "but -which way shall we turn?"</p> - -<p>Just then his eye lighted on a cluster of slender blue pinnacles rising -above a distant horizon, and appearing so different from all that -intervened as to seem like signs of friendly promise. At the same time -he saw, lying between him and them, a lovely rock-rimmed valley filled -with green grass and waving trees, and threaded by a sparkling stream of -water.</p> - -<p>The boy gazed eagerly at the beautiful picture; and then, as it became -blurred by dancing heat-waves, he closed his eyes wearily, muttering -that it was only an effect of imagination. In a minute he opened them -again, and saw the lovely valley as distinctly as before.</p> - -<p>"It may be real, and we'll make a try for it, at any rate," he said, -aloud, rising from the rock on which he had been sitting, and climbing -very slowly into the saddle.</p> - -<p>This time he was determined to gain frequent assurance that he was on -the right course. So, within half an hour after leaving the place from -which he had discovered the lovely valley, he fastened his pony by the -picket-rope to a miniature spire of sandstone, and clambered on foot to -the top of another elevated outlook. He hardly dared glance abroad, for -fear that all the things he had seen before would have vanished. No. -There at least were the slender blue peaks, looking as cool and -refreshing, but, alas! quite as distant as before. But where was the -green valley? It had disappeared, and in its place rose a range of tall -cliffs, like a great white wall, miles in length.</p> - -<p>It was a very cruel disappointment; but either the lad's senses were -becoming numbed by his sufferings or he had expected it, for he only -sighed wearily as he turned away.</p> - -<p>"The blue peaks are there, at any rate," he said to himself, as he -descended to the plain, "and I will make toward them. If I can reach -them, I know I shall be all right; and if I can't—well, I will die as -near to them as possible."</p> - -<p>When he regained the place where he had left his pony he had been absent -from it nearly, if not quite, an hour. Now it seemed as though he must -have made some mistake in retracing his steps, for the animal was -nowhere to be seen. There were his tracks, though, and there was the -slender shaft of rotten sandstone to which he had been fastened, freshly -broken off, and lying there upon the ground.</p> - -<p>"Oh, what a fool I am! What a poor blind fool!" groaned the boy, as the -full extent of this fresh disaster was made plain to him. "If I had only -let the brute have his head in the first place, he would have carried me -to the nearest water. I have often heard Mort say that a horse has a -better knowledge of such things than a man; and of course he knows, for -Mort knows everything. He knew that I was no more fit to take care of -myself than a child, and he knew I would get lost. Oh, why didn't he -send me back home, or tie me up, or do something to save me from my own -foolish self? The dear old fellow won't be bothered with me any more, -though, for we shall never meet again in this world. Poor Mort, how he -must be suffering! But I can't die here. I can't! It is too horrible! If -I could only reach those blue mountains. I wonder if there is the -slightest chance of it? I wonder<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_431" id="Page_431">[Pg 431]</a></span> how long a fellow can live and travel -without food or water?</p> - -<p>"Water! Oh, for a long cool drink of it! How gladly would I give the -wealth of the world to lie beside one of those springs that we passed a -day or two ago, and drink and drink and drink! Or the well at -grandfather's. Or the trout brook up in the Alleghanies. Or— But I -mustn't think of such things or I shall go crazy, and that will be the -end of everything. I will make a try, though, for those blue mountains, -for I am sure there are springs and lovely streams in their dark cool -valley. If I can only reach them! Oh, what joy! And if I don't— Well, I -will have done my best. Which way are they? Yes, I know—they are over -there, and if I walk all night and all day to-morrow I will surely come -to them by to-morrow night. Only twenty-four hours more, and I believe I -can hold out that long."</p> - -<p>So the poor lad started, and walked with uncertain steps through the -yielding sands in a direction that he believed would lead him to the -wished-for mountains. He could no longer see them, but he knew their -slender pinnacles were steadfastly uplifted like taper fingers beckoning -to him and promising pleasant things.</p> - -<p>Just before sunset he came to a broad opening between the clustering -mesas, through which he caught another glimpse of them, now tinged with -a rosy flush, and seeming more beautiful than before, but in a few -minutes the light faded and they were gone. Then, trembling with -weakness, the lad sat down and watched until a star rose where he had -last seen them, when, with it as a guide, he resumed his weary way. He -often stumbled, and sometimes he fell, but still he pushed on, until at -length his glittering beacon was obscured by black clouds. Then he sank -to the ground, without heart to rise again.</p> - -<p>For a long time he lay asleep or in a stupor, from which he might never -have awakened but for a shower of rain, that, falling on his upturned -face, roused him to consciousness. Eagerly sucking the precious fluid -from his saturated garments, and gaining fresh strength with every -life-giving drop, he waited for the dawn, and with the first hazy -glimpse of the far-away blue peaks he again staggered toward them.</p> - -<p>The sun rose and scorched him with its pitiless heat, until he seemed to -be treading coals of fire. Mirage after mirage danced before his -bewildered vision, with pictures of all things shady and cool and -refreshing, until his eye-sight failed him, and he groped his way amid a -darkness shot by glowing sparks. The last thing of which he was -conscious was a great white wall that seemed to rise to the sky before -him, and stretch to infinity on either side. It seemed to shut him off -completely from the blue peaks he had striven so bravely to gain, and -apparently presented an effectual barrier to any further progress.</p> - -<p>In that last moment his head was splitting, his brain was on fire, his -mouth and throat were like molten brass, his whole body was racked with -pain, and his feet were like leaden weights. Then all sense of suffering -was lost in a delicious laughter, and he seemed to be floating through -infinite space that was filled with the music of rippling waters.</p> - -<h3>CHAPTER IV.</h3> - -<h3>IN THE SHADOW OF THE GREAT WHITE MESA.</h3> - -<p>For many hours Todd Chalmers slept heavily and dreamlessly, like one who -will never again awaken. He had wandered blindly with reeling steps for -some time after losing a consciousness of his surroundings, and had thus -unwittingly penetrated a deep cleft of the great white wall that was the -last thing upon which his despairing gaze had rested. At the inner end -of this recess he stumbled and fell over a fragment of rock. There he -lay through the long night in what was, to all appearance, his last -sleep.</p> - -<p>That it was not was owing wholly to his youth and the wonderful vitality -of a splendid constitution. Not more than one person in a thousand would -have lived to see another daylight under the circumstances; but our lad -was that one, and at length he began to show signs of returning life. He -moaned, shivered, and finally opened his eyes. For many minutes he lay -motionless, striving to remember what had happened and where he was.</p> - -<p>At length he slowly and painfully sat up. His head ached as though it -would split, his eyes were blurred, his lips and tongue were swollen, -and his limbs were heavy as lead. Still, his long rest, together with -the chill of the night just passed, had restored him to life and to a -certain degree of strength.</p> - -<p>Now, with the encouragement of even a slight amount of hope, he would be -ready to renew his struggle against the death that had so nearly -overpowered him.</p> - -<p>Thus thinking, Todd withdrew his eyes from the picture of glistening -desolation disclosed through the narrow entrance of the cavern, and -began listlessly to examine his more immediate surroundings. Slowly his -gaze roved over the hopeless walls of rock, that rose so high as to be -lost in gloom, and it was not until he had turned so as to look squarely -behind him that he found anything to arrest his attention. Then his -curiosity was aroused by a gleam of reflected light coming from beyond -and over a rocky barrier that formed a rear wall of the cavern. This -barrier did not appear to be more than ten or twelve feet high, while -above it was an open space of a few feet more, through which streamed -the light that indicated an opening of some kind beyond.</p> - -<p>Whatever might lie in that direction, it could not be worse than the -desert over which he had come, and it might be better. Of course that -was not at all likely, for he did not believe there was anything but -desert in that country. Still, it was worth investigating, and as Todd -did not feel strong enough to stand, he crawled painfully to the barrier -and up its easy slope.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 330px;"> -<img src="images/ill_009.jpg" width="330" height="500" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">HE GAZED LONG BEFORE HE COULD BELIEVE.</span> -</div> - -<p>Arrived at the top, and looking through the opening, he was greeted by a -sight so amazing that he gazed at it for nearly a minute in breathless -incredulity before he could believe in its reality. Instead of the -desert that he had expected, it seemed as though the very gates of -heaven had been suddenly opened to him.</p> - -<p>Outspread before his astonished eyes was one of the loveliest valleys in -the world, filled with flowers, green grass, and waving trees. It was -not more than half a mile in width, and was bounded on the further side -by another lofty wall of white rock, similar to the one he had just -penetrated. The same wall extended entirely around the upper end of the -valley, which Todd could see on his left, though to the right it -stretched away beyond his range of vision, still enclosed by parallel -walls of sheer cliffs. Though most of it still lay in cool shadow, -certain portions of the verdant landscape were already sparkling in the -morning sunlight, and from all sides came the joyous song of birds. No -smoke rose from any part of the valley that he could see, neither was -there any sign of human habitation nor sound of voices. All was as fresh -and peaceful as though it were a new creation; but even if he had been -confronted by opposing ranks of enemies, Todd would not have hesitated -to scramble down the opposite slope and enter what still seemed to him -the vale of enchantment. Its abounding verdure indicated the presence of -water, for which our poor lad was longing so desperately that he would -have thrown away life itself in an effort to obtain it.</p> - -<p>He had already regained the use of his limbs, and after a minute of -gazing, amazed and incredulous, he started in search of the life-giving -fluid, instantly forgetful of feebleness, aches, pains, and everything -else save the awful thirst by which he was choked. So concentrated were -his thoughts upon this one subject that he failed to realize that he was -following a distinctly marked pathway. Such was the fact, however, and -after a hundred yards it led him to the edge of that most beautiful -thing in all the world, especially when found in a land of deserts, a -spring of pure cool water. It bubbled up from a bed of exquisitely -colored sand, and was neatly walled about with rock.</p> - -<p>It was fortunate that Todd plunged his whole head into the spring in his -frantic eagerness to drink of its water, for he was compelled to -withdraw it, gasping for breath before he had drunk a tenth part of what -he craved. Much as he longed to drink, and drink until he could hold no -more, he had sense enough to realize the danger of such<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_432" id="Page_432">[Pg 432]</a></span> a proceeding, -and the strength of will to restrain himself. So he only lay beside the -delicious spring, bathing his face and dabbling his hands in it, taking -moderate drinks at half-minute intervals, and feeling with each one a -new life coursing through his veins.</p> - -<p>For an hour he remained thus in perfect contentment, devoutly thankful -for his wonderful deliverance from an awful death, and gaining strength -with every minute. Then the sensation of thirst gave way to that of -hunger. He had not thought of it before, but now he knew that he was -starving, and must eat something, even if it were only grass. So he -stood up and looked about him, recognizing for the first time that he -had followed a trail which still extended beyond the spring, beside a -stream that rippled merrily from it toward the centre of the valley. -Looking in that direction, Todd caught glimpses through the trees of a -pool or pond fed by the stream, and toward it he now made his way.</p> - -<p>Although in the desperation of thirst he had rushed recklessly forward -in search of water, he now proceeded with all the caution that his -hunger would permit. The path that he was following and the artificial -walling of the spring indicated so plainly the presence of human beings -in the valley that he could not neglect the warning thus conveyed. "Of -course," he argued to himself, "none but Indians could live in so -isolated and out-of-the-world place as this, and while they might prove -friendly, the chances are that they might shoot in the flurry of a -sudden discovery. So I'll try and see them before giving them a chance -to see me."</p> - -<p>Advancing thus slowly, and peering eagerly ahead, he had gone but a -short distance, when he was startled by the sight of a house, or rather -a stone hut, only a short distance in front of him, and near the pool he -had already noticed. For several minutes he stood motionless, regarding -it closely; then, as it presented no sign of being occupied, he moved -cautiously forward until he could command a view of its doorway, which -was closed by a curtain of skins. The walls of the hut were low, and a -stone chimney projected from its roof of coarse thatch.</p> - -<p>It did not look to our lad exactly like an abode of Indians, nor yet -like that of a white man, and he wondered what race of people would -greet him when his presence should be discovered. He called twice, -"Hello the house!" but receiving no answer, stepped softly to the door -and looked in. The hut was empty, and Todd drew the curtain well back, -so as to obtain plenty of light for an examination of its interior.</p> - -<p>A fireplace, a rude table, two equally rude stools, a bunk filled with -skins, and also a few earthenware vessels of crude design constituted -its sole furniture. The young explorer examined these things carefully, -in the hope of discovering something to eat; but, to his intense -disappointment, he did not find so much as a kernel of corn. Nor could -he learn anything concerning those to whom the hut belonged. Everything -was sufficiently primitive to be the work of Indians, and yet he had -seen equally rude furnishings in the cabins of certain white men whom he -had remembered.</p> - -<p>That the hut had been recently occupied was shown by fresh ashes in the -fireplace, and by a jug of water that stood on the table. Who could its -owners be? What had become of them? How would they treat him when they -discovered his invasion of their premises? And where did they store all -their provisions?—were questions that the boy asked himself over and -over again. Above all, what was he to do for something to eat? For he -was now suffering almost as much from hunger as he had from thirst an -hour before. As he gazed moodily at the cold embers of the fireplace, -deliberating these questions, he was startled by the sound of feet just -outside the hut, and a voice, apparently that of a child, calling -plaintively for its mother.</p> - -<p>"The folks have come home," he said to himself, "and in another minute -my fate will be decided." At the same time he stepped resolutely to the -doorway and looked out.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_433" id="Page_433">[Pg 433]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="STANDARDS_IN_MODERN_LITERATURE" id="STANDARDS_IN_MODERN_LITERATURE"></a> -<img src="images/ill_010.jpg" width="700" height="229" alt="STANDARDS IN MODERN LITERATURE" /> -</div> - -<p>A few months ago one of the youngest of the group of eccentric writers -who call themselves "Symbolists" was paying a visit to London. The -conversation in a drawing-room happened to run on the province of the -Franche-Comté, and the guest remarked, as a curious circumstance, that -no poet had ever come from that part of France. Somebody ventured to -murmur the name of Victor Hugo. "Ah! sir," replied the young Symbolist, -with a charming air of deprecation, "but we don't consider Victor Hugo a -poet!" It is obvious that, for the present at least, this particular -expression of opinion will remain rare; it was conceived in the very -foppery of paradox, of course. But it is quite conceivable that such a -judgment might spread, might become common, might become authoritative -and universal. To our generation, at all events, Victor Hugo has -appeared to be the typical poet; he and Tennyson have been named side by -side as the very types of the imaginative creator, as purveyors of -inexhaustible poetic pleasure. That is what we have all thought; but -suppose that our grandchildren determine to think the opposite, what is -to be done? Manifestly we shall be too old to whip them and too weary to -argue with them. If they decide that Victor Hugo was not a poet, that -Dickens was not amusing, that Hawthorne wrote bad novels, we shall have -to go, indignant, to our tombs, but our indignation will not convert the -younger generation.</p> - -<p>So far as the history of the world has yet proceeded, the standards in -literature have not been overturned in this rapid and revolutionary -manner. But nowadays, if things once begin to move, they move fast, and -we must be prepared for changes. In the parallel art of painting we have -seen the most violent and apparently the most final reversals of the -standards. It is very difficult to believe that various schools of art -which have enjoyed great popularity in the course of the present -century, and have fallen, will ever be revived. I had an uncle who -purchased the works of Mr. Frost, R.A., and a very bad bargain it has -proved to his family. Nothing is so deathly cold as the public interest -to-day in Frost; his brown satyrs and his wax-white nymphs, with -floating pink scarfs insufficiently concealing them, are not worth -sixpence now. We do not, as I have said, see these violent upheavals in -literature yet. No author who was praised and valued when Hilton or -Frost or George Jones were thought to be great masters of painting has -passed so utterly out of repute as they have. Hitherto, if a man of -letters has contrived to secure a certain amount of respect, the public -interest in him may dwindle, but it never quite disappears. Every now -and then somebody "revives" him, his poems are reprinted and praised, -his correspondence is published, he is respectfully admitted to have -been "somebody."</p> - -<p>The first standard in literary matters is, obviously, excellence in -execution. In other words, to write singularly well, and to be -recognized as doing so, is to achieve fame, though not necessarily -popularity. But in using the word "standard" we accept the idea, not -merely of individual excellence, but of comparison with others. In -coinage, for instance, that is called the standard which unites in what -is practically found to be the most useful combination the elements of -precise weight and fineness. Again, there is a technical sense in which -a "standard" is a type of which all other measures or instruments of the -same kind must be exact copies. In yet another signification a standard -is an ensign or flag carried on high in front of a marching army for its -encouragement and stimulus. We have to consider in what degree, and how, -without forcing language, we can form a conception of a literary -standard of excellence in style which shall unite these various -definitions.</p> - -<p>The precision of the eighteenth century offers us a very clear example -of the way in which the first of these ideas can be adapted to literary -illustration. When it was determined by universal consent to bind all -poetical writing down to set laws, and what was supposed to be the -precept of Aristotle, there was at first no modern standard of style. -The great object was to emulate the Latin poets; but as these writers -had used not merely another language, but other prosodical effects, a -different order of moral ideas, and totally distinct imagery, it was -necessary to find a modern substitute for imitation. Various English -poets wrote with force, but they lacked delicacy; others had fineness, -but with an insufficiency of weight. At length Pope came, who accepted -the theories of style which were current in his day, and acted upon them -with a more perfect balance of the qualities they demanded than any one -had done before him or has done since. The best parts of Pope's -writings, therefore, created a standard, and one which was of paramount -influence for nearly a century.</p> - -<p>Again, those who invent forms of writing which are accepted by the world -of letters as valuable additions to what we may call the tools of the -author's trade, create standards in the second sense of the word. There -does not appear to be an indefinite degree to which these forms can be -created, and when once perfected they often remain for centuries -unaltered. For instance, when an early Tuscan poet, of the age of Dante, -invented the sonnet as we now possess it, he made a thing which has been -proved to be the best possible of its sort. Ingenious people, in various -languages, for centuries past, have tried to alter the form of the -sonnet, to add to it, to retrench it; all their suggestions have proved -vain, and it remains, in the best hands, exactly what its old Italian -maker devised it in a moment of inspiration. In a lesser degree, the -forms of prose are the result of invention and adaptation, and can be -referred back, more or less indefinitely, to a standard or type. Thus -the short story has certain limitations of length and character which -distinguish it from a novel or a play or a lecture, and in discussing -the merits of an example of this species of literature, we unconsciously -hold before our minds a norm or ideal of what a short story should be. -If we speak of it as highly successful, we think of it as a close copy -in form of a typical short story which should be universally -acknowledged as the best in every technical respect.</p> - -<p>The third definition of a standard is one which may without difficulty -be applied to literature, but which is really a little more dangerous to -deal with than the preceding. If the standard is to be an ensign or flag -carried at the head of an army, we are confronted with an idea<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_434" id="Page_434">[Pg 434]</a></span> which is -less durable than those which we have considered. For if the army -marches with drums and trumpets, and all flags flying, it may not only -march to defeat instead of victory, but it may alter its direction, and -march back with no less pomp and noise than it marched forward. In these -conditions, its ensigns, instead of representing a fixed purpose, may be -the standards of irresolution and vacillation. We can find an exact -literary parallel for this in European taste in the seventeenth century. -The cleverness and fancy of writers, in prose and verse, and almost in -every country, led them to adopt methods of writing which strained to -the utmost the powers of language. Poetry, instead of being content to -walk and run, turned somersaults on the trapeze. As long as this was -done by very graceful and nimble intellectual athletes it gave great -pleasure, and the world of letters seemed marching to victory under this -ensign of imaginative acrobatism. But it speedily proved to have been a -mistake; the graceful athletes gave place to grotesque contortionists, -and the army of writers retreated in confusion, but slowly, doggedly, -and under the same standards of taste. There was no other way back to -health but to discard the existing ideals altogether; they were too -obstinately fixed in men's minds to make it possible to modify them.</p> - -<p>If we are to form any opinion with regard to that question of the -literary standard, which democratic habits of thought tend to make every -day a more dangerous one, it is manifest that we must regard it from -these three points of view, or from a combination of them. The taste of -the public is a floating, a vague impression of an amateur body with -regard to a matter which is more precisely and sharply defined by a -consensus of experts. But the experts themselves are not united, and the -precision of their views only tends to darken counsel and reduce opinion -to chaos. Unhappily a piece of literature cannot be assayed mechanically -like a piece of coinage. Under the strictest rules that ever were -enacted and a régime the most academic conceivable, there will never be -anything like unanimity regarding the excellence of a literary product. -All we can hope to reach is a general agreement of the best-trained -minds, recurrent for so many generations as to become practically -durable.</p> - -<p>Even in the most ancient cases, where it would be supposed that opinion -would finally have crystallized, we observe curious oscillations. Homer, -it is true, is accepted by all critics, in all nations, as the final -standard of what is admirable in heroic narrative poetry, and has for -centuries been so accepted. But what is the standard of Greek tragedy? -The study of classic criticism will show us that the standard has been -incessantly shifting from Æschylus to Sophocles and on to Euripides and -back again to Æschylus. If we wish to point to an authoritative type, we -must consider this triad as one, since no two generations agree as to -their comparative, though all to their positive merit. In like manner, -the relative value of Virgil and Theocritus, of Horace and Catullus, is -always shifting, according as the quality of the one or of the other -happens to appeal to one or to another habit of modern thought. Yet -antiquity obviously provides us with a standard of bucolic poetry, and -another of subjective and semi-social lyric, each of them settled now -beyond any probability of decay. People will go on preferring Theocritus -to Virgil, or Virgil to Theocritus, but no rational person is likely to -question again the excellence of the species of art of which these two -are the leading exponents. So there are those who prefer Dryden to Pope, -or Coleridge to Wordsworth, and to whom neither seem to present the -complete practitioner of a system. Yet no one denies, and it grows -increasingly probable that no one will ever deny, the authority of the -Pope-Dryden or of the Wordsworth-Coleridge standard of excellence, final -and unquestionable, in a particular department. Opinion, that is to say, -wavers as to the individual long after it has irrevocably accepted the -type.</p> - -<p>In all consideration of the past we find ourselves securely guided by -the test of technical excellence. Nothing else has preserved the -principal writers of antiquity in esteem. Mr. Lowell called style "the -great antiseptic"; good writing, in other words, is the only chemical -product which can prevent literature from corrupting and fading away. In -the days of Shakespeare there were a dozen writers who had a just right -to consider themselves more "serious seekers after truth" than the -playwright of Stratford, for they discussed graver subjects and brought -forward a weightier array of facts. Their very names are now forgotten, -while his pages grow more brilliantly vital as the years pass on. The -fancy and tenderness of Shakespeare, the wit of Molière, the sublimity -of Milton, the wisdom of Goethe, are revealed to us and preserved for us -by their style, and without it would have sunk long ago in the ocean of -oblivion. Such phrases as "the matter is the important thing, not the -manner," "never mind how he says it, but find out what he has to -say"—which are common enough on the tongues and pens of those who have -secured no grace of delivery—are pure fallacies. Style is the -atmosphere without which what is written cannot continue to breathe; it -is the indispensable medium for rendering what a man has got to say -continuously audible to the world. These are truths which we might -suppose too obvious to need repetition, since the whole history of -literature proclaims them, yet so great is the natural love of slovenly -writing and vague thinking that this heresy about the matter being far -more important than the manner is incessantly recurring. It is needful, -once more, therefore, to say as plainly as possible that without a -distinguished and appropriate manner, that is to say, without style, no -"matter" will ever have the chance to reach posterity.</p> - -<p>If once we resign this position as to the pre-eminent importance of -style we lose all means of measuring the standards of literature. As -long as excellence in writing is recognized as the main factor in the -formation of judgment, we are not likely to go very far wrong. We have -seen that those who permit themselves no other lamp than this may differ -as to the relative value of figures in a single group, but they unite in -their appreciation of that group itself. This is the case in the -criticism of ancient writers, and what other means have we of forming a -judgment about the moderns? As long as we are content to measure them as -we do their noble predecessors, we may make mistakes, but they will be -mistakes, not of principle, but only of detail. The moment that we allow -ourselves to believe that modern writing, the authorship of to-day, is -distinct in kind from that of the old masters, and can be measured by -different standards, we have resigned ourselves to a heresy, and are in -imminent peril of encouraging literary anarchy.</p> - -<p>It is a mistake to be too yielding and shy in expressing a conviction -which has been gravely formed on serious grounds. Those who love the -more austere and splendid parts of literature will always find -themselves in a minority in every collection of persons. It is probable -that if the prestige of <i>Paradise Lost</i> had to depend upon popular -suffrage, no majority of citizens in any part of the English-speaking -world would be willing honestly to admit that they admired it or could -read it with pleasure. That does not prevent it from being one of the -most glorious, most enviable and unique possessions of the race. On -questions of the literary standard it is the majority which is always -wrong. The majority likes a warm easy book, without pretension, -unambitiously written, on a level with the experience of the vast -semi-educated classes of our society. "One man, one vote," extended to -the domain of literary taste, would mean the absolute and final -extinction of all distinguished masterpieces.</p> - -<p>But in every generation there is a remnant which occupies itself with -beauty and distinction. The individuals of this little group fight among -themselves about the details of excellence, but they guard, as in a pyx -or shrine, the primal idea of that excellence and a general sense of its -formal character. Outside this small class of experts there is a large -body of the public which recognizes its authority and is docile to its -directions. Again, outside is the vast concourse of persons competent to -read and write, but no more capable of forming an opinion than is the -dog that barks at their shadow or the discreeter cat that curls at their -fireside and says nothing. It has often occurred<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_435" id="Page_435">[Pg 435]</a></span> to me as a grave -speculation how long this vast dumb force of untrained readers will be -content to be silent. How long will they have the good nature to pretend -to respect the things which they cannot enjoy? Flattered as the average -man or woman is in these days, accustomed to hear the voice of democracy -praying for votes on every subject, how soon will the average reader -pluck up courage to say to himself, "I do not like the novels of -Thackeray nearly so much as I do those of E. P. Roe, and I do not intend -to allow anybody to persuade me that they are better?" Questioning the -standards of taste, refusing to bow to traditional canons of -criticism—this is the Red Spectre which I dread to see arise in the -midst of our millions of half-trained readers.</p> - -<p>But the cure will probably come from the very nature of the disease. If -we put a dangerous power in the hands of the crowd by the infinite -facilities given nowadays to reading and the discussion of books, we -support the traditions of literature by giving unprecedented -opportunities to persons of native capacity to fortify themselves in the -truth. No boy, nowadays, in the whole English-speaking world, can wholly -refrain from indulgence in literary pleasures, if an appetite for such -enjoyments have been born in him. In some newspaper, in some cheap -reprint, that which is exquisite and final, that which is assimilated to -the inviolable standards of excellence, must meet his eye and be -accepted by him. The enemies of literature may become extremely -numerous; they will remain languid and blundering; its friends will be -always few, perhaps, but they will be ardent and active. That the good -tradition may be swamped for a time in some Commune of the intellect -seems to me very possible, but that it should be lost, that it should go -down altogether into the deeps of anarchical vulgarity, that, happily, -is not to be believed.</p> - -<p>Meanwhile, every one who, however humbly, is devoted to what is nobly -and purely said in prose and verse, may do his or her part to prevent -even a temporary descent into barbarism. The only way to become -sensitive to what literary excellence is, is to study and re-study those -books which have stood the assaults of time, and are as fresh to-day as -when they were written. It is not to be expected that to any one taste -all these books, in their various classes, will appear equally -delightful. But it is from a wide acquaintance with these, and a -reverent and affectionate wish to discover their charm, that literary -appreciation grows. If once we are convinced that there is a standard, -that a well-written book is distinguishable from a dull and slovenly -one, that style is not a vain ornament, but as essential to literary -life as oxygen is to a human being, then, without affectation or -priggishness, every man may become a sober lover of the best, and may -feel that though certain specimens of literary work may go up and down -in public esteem, the central standards are firm and the laws of -intellectual beauty immutable.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="THE_LAUGHY-MAN" id="THE_LAUGHY-MAN"></a> -<img src="images/ill_011.jpg" width="600" height="182" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h2>THE LAUGHY-MAN.</h2> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Ho, for the Laughy-Man! laughing all day,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Laughing the sunshiny hours away,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Laughing and kicking his little pink heels</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Just to impress us with how good he feels!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Hey, for the Laughy-Man!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Ho, for his smiles!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles!</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Ho, for the Laughy-Man! waking to play,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Waking to laugh at the first peep o' day,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Waking to churn up the blanket and sheet,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Like waves of the sea, with his fists and his feet!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Hey, for the Laughy-Man!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Ho, for his smiles!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles!</span><br /> -<br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Ho, for the Laughy-Man! lying abed,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Lying there wagging his cherubin head,</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Lying there, merry, a bundle of love</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Sent to our home by the seraphs above!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Hey, for the Laughy-Man!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 24em;">Ho, for his smiles!</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 19em;">Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles!</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_436" id="Page_436">[Pg 436]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="FOR_SALE_A_WARRIOR" id="FOR_SALE_A_WARRIOR"></a> -<img src="images/ill_012.jpg" width="700" height="190" alt="FOR SALE:—A WARRIOR" /> -</div> - -<p>There were seven kinds of Indians at the back of the largest hotel of -the Western town—dirty and dirtier, which is two; young and old, which -is four; male and female, making six; and one little clean pappoose. -This latter tiny bit of aboriginal humanity was a chubby, round-faced, -bright-eyed little tike, with the blackest of hair and the most bronze -of complexions. He was playing around alone inside a close high board -fence at the rear of the large hotel, his only shirt cut off at the -knees, displaying a fat brownish pair of dimpled legs that were warm -enough in spite of the fact of their bareness in the chilling air.</p> - -<p>Presently around the corner came a trotting, smiling Chinaman, a vender -of vegetables. A long slender pole, carved flat and tapering toward the -ends, was balanced on his shoulder, and from either end, suspended by a -bridle composed of four strings, hung a huge bamboo basket.</p> - -<p>As he halted within the gate of the high board fence he lightly swung -the receptacles to earth, rested his polished pole conveniently near, -lifted a mat containing the day's supplies for the cook within, and -carried it off to the kitchen.</p> - -<p>Now it not very strangely befell that the vender of vegetables lingered -a time in the kitchen, for that exceedingly tempting and savory seat of -government was under the personal direction of another little yellow -man, who called his countryman "Wong," and gave him to drink of tea. -While the two engaged each other with inharmonious gutturals, a dusky -cranium and equally dusky countenance came poking out from another door. -Its owner was the negro porter, a grinning fellow, whose mania for jokes -of the "practical" description was developed to a degree positively -unhealthy. No sooner had he made himself certain that the yard was free -of observers, and occupied alone by the wee pappoose, than he stealthily -slipped from his place, and grabbed the scared little fellow by the tail -of his wholly inadequate shirt.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 230px;"> -<img src="images/ill_013.jpg" width="230" height="250" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>The eyes of the miniature savage were apparently frozen wide open in an -instant, while paralysis made him utterly stoic and dumb. The Chinaman's -basket had a shallow tray in the top filled with beets; then an inside -receptacle, also shallow, filled with celery. Below this last were -cabbages, down in the bottom. These extra insides the negro quickly -lifted out with his unemployed hand; then a couple of the cabbages, as -large together as the wee pappoose, came forth with a jerk. In a second -more the silent Indian baby had been dropped within the basket, the -various trays had been properly replaced, and the darky had rapidly -hopped through the open door with his cabbages, doubling himself like a -nut-cracker and stretching his face in violent but silent laughter.</p> - -<p>Out came Wong, beaming with the radiance of tea well swallowed. He -rearranged his pole, bent his stout Mongolian back, straightened up, -lifting his baskets, balanced them neatly, and trotted away with the -frightened baby Indian, but quite oblivious that such a lively vegetable -ever was grown.</p> - -<p>Wong went singing up the street, or rather humming away about a "feast -of lanterns," and he thought on how soon he would be enabled to purchase -a wagon.</p> - -<p>"Good-molling," he said, as he stopped at last at the rear of one of the -most imposing houses. "Velly fine molling."</p> - -<p>"Good-morning, Wong. It's a little bit chilly," said a gray-haired woman -wearing glasses, rubbing her hands.</p> - -<p>"Oh yeh, him feel lill bit chilly."</p> - -<p>"What you got this morning?" she inquired.</p> - -<p>"Oh, for callot, for cell'ly—velly nice for cell'ly—for turnip, for -squash, any kine." Then, as she hesitated, "potatoe?—for ahple?—for -cabbagee? Oh, lots um good kine, I tink."</p> - -<p>She took a squash. "Did you say cabbage, Wong?"</p> - -<p>"Oh yeh." He began at once to lift the tray. Next he hoisted forth the -shallow inside basket and reached for a cabbage.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_014.jpg" width="400" height="259" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>"Ki! yi!" he yelled. "Sumin—ah—got, yu nee mah! Kow long hop ti! Ha! -What you call um? Hi! for Injun debbil!" And he lapsed again into awful -Chinese exclamation points, and danced a fan-tan dango in a wonderful -state of excitement. "Hi! What you call um? Sumin-ah-got, no belong for -Wong! Huh!" Nerving himself for the fearful ordeal, he lifted the -squirming baby forth and dropped it quickly to the ground. No sooner did -the wild little thing find itself released than it scrambled to its feet -and ran at the skirts of the elderly lady—the only thing it -recognized—and clung there like a prickly burr.</p> - -<p>"Mercy!" shrieked the lady. "Mercy! Where— Wong, where did you get this -child—this savage child?" she demanded.</p> - -<p>"Sumin-ah-got, no sabbee," said the terrified Wong, gathering baskets -and mats in a desperate haste. "Plitty click for whole lots um for Injun -come for nis one. Wong no takee. No see some nis one for baby befloh. -Somebody makee for tlick—you sabbee?—makee velly much tlouble. Kow -long hop ti! Yu nee mah!"</p> - -<p>"But, Wong, you must take it back! I don't know anything about the -trick! I don't wan't the Indians coming here. Mercy!"</p> - -<p>Wong, however, had rapidly fixed his pole in its place, and swung his -baskets clear of the ground, still jabbering wildly in his native -tongue, and trotted away with a double-quick motion.</p> - -<p>"Wong! Wong!" called the agitated woman. "I can't throw him away! You -must take him back! Wong!" But the vender of vegetables, thoroughly -alarmed, had fled.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_437" id="Page_437">[Pg 437]</a></span></p> - -<p>"Did yez call, Miss Hoobart?" said a voice from the door.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Maggie! Oh dear! Oh! Oh! What shall we do?" cried the woman. She -was trying to shake her skirts of the brown little Indian, but he merely -clung the harder, and buried his face in the folds.</p> - -<p>"Ach, wurra, wurra!" said Maggie. "Oi wudden't a t'o't ut. Phere did yez -git um?"</p> - -<p>"Hush, you silly girl. It's an Indian baby, and Wong brought him—and he -ran away frightened—and somebody played it as a trick—and the wild, -infuriated Indian population may be down upon us at any moment to -recover the child!"</p> - -<p>"Ach!" screamed the girl, jumping high in the air and glancing quickly -about. "Phy don't yez l'ave um in the sthrate, the turrible varmint?"</p> - -<p>"What, a tiny child, Maggie? Suppose it should freeze to death? It -hasn't any clothing to speak of. Oh dear! I do wish Charles were home!"</p> - -<p>"Phat yez goin' to do?" whispered Maggie.</p> - -<p>"I don't know. Oh, I don't know! We've got to take him in, I suppose, -and wait for Charles." Accordingly she walked very gingerly in, while -the very diminutive savage continued to cling to the dress and hide his -face. "I don't see," she said, breathing easier when the door was -closed, "how I'm going to get him away from my skirt. Don't you think -you could take him away, Maggie?"</p> - -<p>"Oi wudden' touch um for tin dollars!" cried the girl.</p> - -<p>"What shall we do? He will never let go."</p> - -<p>"Yez c'u'd l'ave um the skirt—take ut aff, an' put an anither wan, ye -moind."</p> - -<p>"Yes, I can; that is just the thing." She slipped the outside garment in -a jiffy, and the baby sat down on the floor in the midst of the pile.</p> - -<p>The warrior sat perfectly still, his big brown eyes and his wee red -mouth wide open, his chubby hands playing at random with the skirt.</p> - -<p>"Oi moight go out an' infarm Misther Patrick Murphy, the gintleman -policemon, mum," ventured Maggie at length.</p> - -<p>"Don't you dare to go and leave me an instant," said the woman. "There -is nothing in the whole wide world to do but to watch him every minute -and lock all the doors and wait for Charles. Oh dear! that I should live -to see such a terrible day!"</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_015.jpg" width="400" height="221" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>So the barricades were placed on the doors, and the women brought their -chairs to sit and watch their very unwelcome prisoner. As the day grew -old it occurred to the lady that perhaps the child was hungry. She -prepared a piece of bread with molasses, and handed it out with the -tongs. With this the child emulated his parents, for he painted his face -from chin to eyes. This continued till the curtain lashes of the bright -brown eyes came drooping down; his chubby little face, with molasses -adornment, sank slowly to rest on the skirt. The women continued to -watch.</p> - -<p>As the evening came on Miss Hobart paced the room impatiently. "Charles! -Charles, my brother!" she would say, "why don't you come? You ought to -know what a terrible, terrible trial it is!"</p> - -<p>But the sound of his knock on the door, when he came at his usual time, -nearly made the women faint. A thin little man was Mr. Hobart, but -sensible, and not to be alarmed. He declared that the morning would be -time enough in which to clear the matter up.</p> - -<p>"Oh, but it won't," said his elderly sister. "Suppose there should be a -night attack? They are very, very frequent—it's the Indian way of -proceeding!"</p> - -<p>"Well," said he, "I'll go and tell the sheriff. He can hunt the parents -up and settle the whole thing in a minute."</p> - -<p>"But," she protested, "the Indians are gone to their -tents—campoodies—out in the sage-brush long before this—that is, -providing they are not lurking around this neighborhood. And just fancy -a poor mother deprived of her child all night!"</p> - -<p>"Well, what shall I do?"</p> - -<p>"Suppose—suppose you take a lantern and go out to the wigwams. You are -not afraid?"</p> - -<p>"No, of course I'm not; but what's the use?"</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 115px;"> -<img src="images/ill_016.jpg" width="115" height="200" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>In the end he found himself muffled, mittened, provided with the -lantern, packing the child—all wrapped in a blanket and fastened -loosely in with a shawl-strap—out in the sage-brush, floundering -aimlessly about in search of the Indian campoodies. Mile after mile he -trudged about in the night, shifting baby and lantern from hand to hand -as his arms grew weary, and growing more and more disgusted as it dawned -on his mind that all he knew of the way to find campoodies was to wander -toward the west in the brush, he shouldered the sleeping warrior and -made some lively tracks for home.</p> - -<p>"There," said he, as he tossed the wee pappoose, blanket and all, on the -lounge, "you can leave it to snooze where you please, for I am going -right straight to bed."</p> - -<p>His sister sat in a chair all night, dressed, and she waked a hundred -times from a dream of hideous Indian depredations. She was wearily -sleeping when her brother ate his breakfast and went. An hour later the -head of an old and silently whistling Indian appeared at the open -window.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_017.jpg" width="400" height="281" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>"Ketchum pappoose?" said this awful warrior, and his voice was barely -audible. She whirled around, saw the face, tried to scream, and failed.</p> - -<p>"Injun Jim h-e-a-p sick," drawled the chieftain, who had satisfied -himself that his son and heir was present, the youngster being seated on -the floor—"h-e-a-p sick, heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh."</p> - -<p>Miss Hobart rallied. "Perhaps," she thought, "Charles has pacified the -tribe." Then she said, "Oh, Mr. Indian Jim—James, is this your -son—your little boy?"</p> - -<p>"Yesh, h-e-a-p my boy. Injun Jim heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh, h-e-a-p -sick."</p> - -<p>"Are you sick? Poor man! you shall have all the biscuit you want. Here," -she said, in a timid voice, as he tucked away a package of food, "is -your son—your nice little boy—very nice little boy; and I'm very -sorry—"</p> - -<p>"Yesh, h-e-a-p nice—all same Injun Jim. You like buy um? Two dollar -hap, you buy um, h-e-a-p goot!"</p> - -<p>"Mercy! Oh, oh!" she gasped. "He would sell it! Two dollars and a -half—and after such a night! Oh no—no, Jim—James—take him to his -yearning mother, please!"</p> - -<p>As the warrior slowly shuffled away to the gate, leading his son and -heir by the hand, the bright little face was turned toward the woman who -was standing in the door.</p> - -<p>"It is a beautiful child," she said. "I wish I had noticed before."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_438" id="Page_438">[Pg 438]</a></span></p> - -<h2><a name="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR" id="A_LOYAL_TRAITOR">A LOYAL TRAITOR.</a></h2> - -<h4>A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND.</h4> - -<h3>BY JAMES BARNES.</h3> - -<h3>CHAPTER XIX.</h3> - -<h3>WRECKED AGAIN.</h3> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 199px;"> -<img src="images/ill_018.jpg" width="199" height="200" alt="Drop Cap I" /> -</div> - -<p>was almost stunned at the news the carpenter brought, but I knew of the -only thing to do, of course.</p> - -<p>"Rig the pumps and get to work at them," I squeaked faintly, fearing to -try to talk loud.</p> - -<p>"Ay, ay, sir," he answered, "but it will do no good. Lord Harry! she's -opened up like a sieve, sir!"</p> - -<p>Soon we had the water from below pouring on to the deck and running into -the scuppers and mingling with that that came on board of us over the -rail. But the wind increased in strength until it seemed that it would -take the aged masts out of the brig, and it actually threatened to blow -the clothes from off our backs.</p> - -<p>Chips had gone below again to sound the well, and I was holding on to a -belaying-pin, and trying not to show how weak and sick I was. I noticed -that one of the men, a narrow-headed fellow with an ugly gash of a -mouth, was not putting all of the beef he might into his stroke on the -pump handles. So I slid over to him and laid hold myself; but the man -endeavored to push me to one side.</p> - -<p>"Hands off, Captain Jonah," he said, "it might stop working! We had -plenty of good luck until you came aboard of us. Hands off, I say!" he -cried, "or we'll feed you to the whales."</p> - -<p>I could have struck the man for his insolence, as his words had been -heard by two of the men opposite; but I saw that the result might be bad -for me, so I replied nothing, but taking a firmer hold of the beam, I -wedged him out of his position, ready at any moment to fell him if he -attempted violence. I was the stronger, and at last I broke his hold. -Where the force I now felt command of came from I cannot tell. The man -would have slid over against the bulwarks if I had not caught him by the -shoulder.</p> - -<p>"Go over on the other side and work, you shirker," I cried, and, to my -surprise, my voice roared out the words in tones like those of a bull.</p> - -<p>I gave the man a push up the slope of the deck, and began heaving up and -down with all my might and main, but I had made a discovery.</p> - -<p>It was only my lower tones, my demi-voix, that were gone. For three days -afterwards this phenomenon continued. If I wished to talk, I had to use -the full lung-power that I possessed, and the result was a sound that -would do credit to a boatswain's mate in a typhoon. It was as unlike my -former voice as a broadside to a pistol-shot. But I am wandering.</p> - -<p>The effect of my treatment of the insolent sailor had been marvellous. -Not a disrespectful glance was cast at me thereafter. Soon the carpenter -came up from below.</p> - -<p>"We may have gained some three or four inches, Captain, but no more," he -panted, laying hold alongside of me. "I think the water is getting in -forward too, sir," he added.</p> - -<p>"Get out four of the prisoners and man the forecastle pump," I roared at -him.</p> - -<p>He jumped at the odd sound of my voice, but made no remarks, and -scrambled to the hatch in a jiffy.</p> - -<p>"Four of you up out of that!" he cried through the hole, at the same -time battering away at the fastenings with a belaying-pin. The hatch was -flung open, and instead of four, all ten of the Britishers came rushing -to the deck. They probably had been dying of terror down below, and one -glance at us working away for dear life told them the condition of -affairs.</p> - -<p>Without a word they set to work, under the direction of their own -officers, to get the spare gear out of the way and start the forecastle -pump going.</p> - -<p>The carpenter soon reported from the hold that we had gained some four -inches, and were now holding our own. This was at the end of an hour's -work by all hands.</p> - -<p>I perceived, however, that it would be foolishness to work all the men -to death at the outset, and that the sensible way would be to divide -them into relays, even if the water gained a little on us.</p> - -<p>So I told off my own men into two divisions, and sent half of them into -the galley to get rest and a bite to eat. But the prisoners I drove at -it, as we had fully two hours' start of them. They needed no -encouragement yet, and one of them even replied, "Ay, ay, sir," to my -orders to hit up the stroke.</p> - -<p>There is no use of prolonging this description. All night we worked -away, and the gray dawn found us still at it.</p> - -<p>Fisher, the wounded man, I had mounted guard over the prisoners, arming -him with a cutlass and a brass blunderbuss that I had found in the -mate's room. I hated to goad men the way I had to, but I think my own -people worked almost as hard, and needed less urging; but the Englishmen -had begun to fag.</p> - -<p>By noon the sea had gone down, and, probably owing to the swelling of -the timbers, the leak had apparently decreased. We had gained a foot and -more on the water in the hold, and the carpenter found out that it was -as he suspected, the water had been entering through a started seam, and -he said that if we could get to anchor, he thought might be able to -locate where it was. So I ordered all but four of the prisoners below. -At first one of the mates demurred; but I would admit of no talking, and -at the sight of the pistols he obeyed me.</p> - -<p>Now the great question was to find out where we were. By two o'clock I -made sail, and seeing that the old tub did better with the wind astern, -I ordered the helmsman to steer the same course we had been holding, and -I started to go below to rest.</p> - -<p>I slept like a top, and it was six o'clock when Dugan ran in and -awakened me, telling me that land was in sight off the starboard bow, -distant about twelve miles.</p> - -<p>But where were we? That was more than I could tell.</p> - -<p>I had some idea of our position when we struck the storm, or, better, -the latter had struck us, and I presumed that we must either, from the -course we were steering, have entered the Irish Channel or gone up the -west coast of Ireland itself; but it mattered little; we had to find -some place to anchor and, if possible, to repair our damage, and -besides, I intended to land the prisoners at the first chance, as they -were a constant source of menace to us, and so many more mouths to feed.</p> - -<p>Coming on deck, I took the glass and climbed into the foremast shrouds.</p> - -<p>What an odd circumstance it was! Here I was a full-fledged Captain, and -had never been aloft on a vessel but once before in my life, and that -was when I had covered myself with tar and glory by climbing to the -cross-trees of one of the ships at the wharfs of Baltimore. But I went -up as far as the topsail-yard, hanging on harder than was necessary, -perhaps, and from there I took a sight at the distant land. I made it -out to be a collection of islands, with what might be the mainland -farther on to the north. After I descended to the deck I changed the -course a few points to the east, and in a little over two hours we had -brought a high, rocky shore close to on the port beam. It was an island, -as I had surmised.</p> - -<p>The sky had now cleared to a glorious red sunset, and I could discern -the conformation of the shore. Two arms ran out to the eastward, and—a -remarkable sight!—I saw that the island was split in two by a narrow -crevice, and that on the southern point it dwindled down into a narrow -spit, at the end of which rose a sheer rock like a tremendous castle.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_439" id="Page_439">[Pg 439]</a></span></p> - -<p>The carpenter had started the lead, with the result of finding no bottom -until we were well within the water embraced by the extending arms. At -last he reported suddenly fifteen fathoms; at the next heave, thirteen: -and seeing that it was shoaling so rapidly, I feared to go in nearer, -and we hove to and let go our anchor.</p> - -<p>The water was as smooth as a carpet, and with the stopping of the strain -and working of the hull, the leak ceased pouring in, the carpenter -reporting, after a trip to the hold with the lantern, that she was only -weeping a little along her inner skin. I had kept four of the prisoners -at the pumps, however, and now I called every one, and in an hour's time -we had her nearly dry.</p> - -<p>Ordering the Englishmen back to where they belonged, Caldwell and I took -the first anchor watch, and the rest turned in to sleep.</p> - -<p>The huge shadow of the rocky cliff enshrouded us, and in rear of the -black silhouette of the island I could see the pale greenish-blue of the -sky in the west, with a few stars twinkling through it, and myriads of -them gleaming in the deeper blue overhead. It was so peaceful and calm, -and in such contrast to the scenes that we had been through, that were -it not for the pain I still suffered, I could have felt almost joyous. -But nature asserted herself, and lying there sprawled on the deck, I -fell asleep.</p> - -<p>I awakened with a start, to find it was daylight. I noticed that -Caldwell must have staid awake after I did, for he had rolled up his -jacket and placed it as a pillow beneath my head. But the honest fellow -had given in at last, and there he was, snoring away on the top of the -forward hatch, with his arms and legs straggled out like a jumping-jack -on the floor of a play-room.</p> - -<p>Now if what had happened before this calmly dawning day appears strange -or improbable to any one who may read, and if they are tired of the -relation of these facts, which, I can say without boasting, are unusual -to have happened to any one being, let them lay aside for good and all -the reading of what is to follow. For what has previously happened is -nothing to what I am going to tell, in my opinion, as I am a truthful -man.</p> - -<p>I awakened Caldwell gently, and told him to go down and stir out the man -who was doing the cooking for us, and have him brew some coffee and -prepare breakfast. We had some fresh vegetables still left, for the -<i>Duchess of Sutherland</i> had not been long from port when we had taken -her.</p> - -<p>Then, all alone, I gazed at the island in whose little bay we were -resting.</p> - -<p>A narrow stretch of beach ran from the foot of the cliff to the water's -edge. The top was verdure-clad, and to the north some stunted underbrush -grew along the crest. The strange crevice that I had noticed ran from -the green slope, sheer and straight, to within twenty feet of the -water's level. It looked as if it might have been made by the stroke of -a giant's sword. The high rock at the end of the tongue of land to the -southward resembled more closely than ever a moss-grown ruin; but all at -once I jumped for the glass. A thin, twirling column of smoke arose from -a little hollow a quarter of a mile up the shore, and by the aid of a -telescope I could make out two or three huts, and some gray objects on -the slope of the hill that resolved themselves into grazing sheep. I -made up my mind, before I landed the prisoners and set to work stopping -the seams, to row ashore and find out where we were. But hunger asserted -itself, and the smell of cooking coming from the galley reminded me that -with the exception of some sopped biscuit and a bit of fat meat that I -had managed to worry down the night past, nothing solid had passed my -lips since my struggle with the man in the passageway.</p> - -<p>Running below, I asked the carpenter in to breakfast with me in the -cabin. He was my First Lieutenant, as I have said, and of course I knew, -without his saying so, that he had saved my life—with my own pistol, -too, I surmise.</p> - -<p>"Well, Captain Hurdiss," Chips said, "a busy day's before us. I think if -we can careen the old hooker and get that opened strake so we can handle -it from the outside, we can take her across, bar another such storm as -we had last night."</p> - -<p>"We'll make a try for it, Mr. Chips," said I, roaring out the answer -after two or three futile attempts to speak quietly.</p> - -<p>"You won't need a trumpet this voyage," was the carpenter's rejoinder to -this, at which I laughed, for the hot coffee and food were restoring my -spirits.</p> - -<p>The men, too, were in an even frame of mind, and when I ordered out the -boat they went about it like good ones. I saw that the prisoners were -fed before I left the deck, and then going over the side, I gave the -orders, man-of-war fashion, to "Shove off!" "Let fall!" etc., and after -a pull of a few minutes the carpenter and I landed on the beach near the -hollow in which the huts were, and finding a path, we ascended to them.</p> - -<p>As we approached the door of the largest hovel, that was built of sods -and stones, a nondescript figure, with just enough rags on to save it -from appearing savage, emerged. The man appeared a little frightened at -first, and was truly startled at the sound of my voice. His reply I -could not translate, although I had merely asked him what island this -was, and what was the name of the coast that we could discern to the -eastward.</p> - -<p>At last, by dint of signs and repeating the question, I made out -something that sounded like "Innishkea," and when I pointed to the -island to the north the same answer came. When the land to the eastward -was designated he said Muhllet a Blackshod over and over. I gave him a -bit of silver, and the meaning of that he understood quite well, for he -grinned and closed his fist tight upon it, at the same time giving a -pull to his long front lock. I never heard such outlandish lingo in my -life as the man spoke, but I remembered the sounds of some of the words, -and when I got back to the ship I went into the cabin, and the carpenter -and I got out the map that showed the coast of Ireland, for Chips -insisted that the man was talking Gaelic, and that it was either Ireland -or Scotland whose shore lay off to the eastward.</p> - -<p>"Hurrah! hurrah!" I cried suddenly, my attention arrested by a name. -"Here we are, Mr. Chips. The island of Inniskea—and off here is the -peninsula of Mullet that encloses the waters of Blacksod Bay."</p> - -<p>So I knew where I was at last!</p> - -<p>But there was lots to be done. Arming the crew, we took the fastenings -off the hatch, and ordered the prisoners into the boat. We left them on -shore with a barrel of ship's bread and a half-barrel of salt meat. And -then we rowed back, and prepared to do some impromptu calking, and fit -the old hulk in a better condition for putting to sea.</p> - -<p>The <i>Duchess of Sutherland</i> was loaded with machinery for some sort of -crushing business, and the rest of her cargo was cheap cloths and -print-stuffs, probably for the East Indian market. According to her -papers, she was bound for Calcutta.</p> - -<p>The seam that had done most of the leaking was hardly a foot beneath the -surface of the water as she lay on even keel, we discovered. It had -opened up badly forward, and again amidships. So we set about lightening -her first before we hove her down.</p> - -<p>Rigging a block and tackle, we jettisoned some heavy bits of machinery, -and found that the cargo had been very badly and loosely stowed.</p> - -<p>The brig—she had been outfitted in a hurry—carried four guns, short -carronades of heavy weight, on her deck, and we shifted these to -starboard side, and then we rigged out an anchor at the end of a spar; -and I was surprised to see what a purchase we got on her, and how well -all this answered for our ends. As soon as they could, the carpenter and -the crew set about calking her with hemp from an old cable, whistling -and humming away merrily.</p> - -<p>They progressed finely with the job, and as there was nothing for me to -do, I went aloft. I could smell the tar that they were boiling in the -galley, and was hoping that we could finish our work in time to get -under way that evening, when all at once I felt a jar, as if the vessel -had struck something below, and it appeared to me that we heeled a -little more to port.</p> - -<p>In fact our list was very evident now, and the masts had quite an angle -on them. I saw that the carpenter, who<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_440" id="Page_440">[Pg 440]</a></span> was standing in a boat -alongside, had stopped work, and was looking curiously up at me. The -seam at which he had been tapping was now two feet above the surface of -the water, and the ripped green copper of the brig's bottom was plain to -view.</p> - -<p>The carpenter laid his head against the side, and then shouted up, in a -frightened voice:</p> - -<p>"For heaven's sake, Captain Hurdiss," he cried, "there's water entering -somehow! I can hear the sound of it from here."</p> - -<p>He and the men in the boat hastily scrambled up the side.</p> - -<p>Just then there came another jarring sound. It was the cargo shifting.</p> - -<p>I was hastening to descend, when I cast a glance toward the shore, and -there I saw one of the prisoners, whom I had noticed standing on the top -of the hill, suddenly wave his arms about his head, and come tearing -down the slope toward where the others were grouped about a fire.</p> - -<p>But this was not all. Through the cleft in the hill-side I could see the -waters on the other side of the island. And in this narrow space, framed -by the walls of the cliff, I saw a vessel just coming about into the -wind. Another instant and she was gone, hidden by the dark mass of land. -But so firmly impressed was this quick vision upon my mind that I can -see it to this day, as firmly fixed as were it a painting that I had -studied in its every detail.</p> - -<p>As I reached the deck the brig gave another lurch, and our bulwarks were -almost in the water.</p> - -<p>"The cargo all adrift, Captain Hurdiss," shouted the carpenter, coming -up the ladder. "And we must have a bad leak in our top sides. The old -thing is rotten to her heart," he added.</p> - -<p>The men, without orders, were tumbling into the boats, and even with my -small experience I could see that nothing could save the <i>Duchess</i> from -sinking where she lay. I looked toward the shore, and saw the prisoners -in a body running up the beach toward the north. Just as I caught sight -of them, they rounded a point of rock and disappeared.</p> - -<p>But a strange shifting motion in the brig warned me to hasten. What -impelled me, I do not know, but seeing the glass wedged in the shrouds -where I had planted it, I made for it, and picking it up, jumped into -the boat.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"> -<img src="images/ill_019.jpg" width="700" height="564" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">SHE WENT DOWN LIKE A LITTLE "ROYAL GEORGE."</span> -</div> - -<p>We had rowed but a few dozen strokes when, with a lurch, and a dull -explosion as the forward deck blew out from the pressure of air, down -went the <i>Duchess of Sutherland</i>, like a little <i>Royal George</i>. But the -only living things she took with her were a few half-drowned chickens in -a coop near the galley.</p> - -<p>Even the carpenter now showed signs of despondency, and what I told him -about the vessel that looked like a great lugger with one mast, that I -had seen on the other side of the land, did not cheer him.</p> - -<p>"We're in for it now," he grumbled. "There's no prize-money in this -affair. She's one of their revenue-cutters, and she'll scoop us surely."</p> - -<p>"That's what the prisoners were scampering for," spoke up Dugan, who was -pulling stroke oar. "They've gone around to fetch her."</p> - -<p>"Well, that's all they'll find," said Chips, pointing over the stern of -the boat.</p> - -<p>I looked back. Only a few feet of the <i>Duchess</i>'s masts were visible, -but there was a lot of debris floating on the water near them.</p> - -<h4>[<span class="smcap">to be continued</span>.]</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_441" id="Page_441">[Pg 441]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 700px;"><a name="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT" id="INTERSCHOLASTIC_SPORT"></a> -<img src="images/ill_020.jpg" width="700" height="141" alt="INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT" /> -</div> - -<p>Next Saturday will occur the eighth annual in-door interscholastic -championship games of the Boston schools at Mechanics' Hall, held under -the auspices of the Boston Athletic Association. The events are all -scratch, and include the 40-yard dash, 300-yard run, 600-yard run, -1000-yard run, half-mile walk, running high jump, putting 16-lb. shot, -pole vault, and 45-yard hurdles (3 flights, 2 ft. 6 in. high). Besides, -there will be special team-races arranged. This meeting is open to the -members (under twenty-one years of age) of all schools in the vicinity -of Boston. Each school will be allowed to enter three men in each event, -except in the 1000-yard run, when only two are entered and but one may -compete.</p> - -<p>Ever since 1889 the schools have competed annually, and it has been the -winter athletic event of the school world. In 1890 the Boston A.A. -offered a large silver shield to run for nine years to be contended for -by the different schools, the one winning it the greatest number of -times to become the final possessor, and this generous action has had a -stimulating effect in making every school anxious to have its name -engraved on the blank spaces made for that purpose. Consequently, as the -occasion comes around each winter, speculation is rife as to the -probable champion school.</p> - -<p>The outcome next Saturday, while based on relative comparisons, is more -or less a matter of conjecture, as youthful athletic competition is an -uncertain quantity. Not a first-prize winner, with the exception of E. W. -Mills, of last year's meet, appears in the list again, and this fact -should be encouraging to those who would otherwise have to struggle -against established champions.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 312px;"> -<img src="images/ill_021.jpg" width="312" height="350" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">E. W. MILLS, CHAUNCY HALL.</span> -</div> - -<p>The New England Interscholastic records are about as low as it is -possible to get them, and while no record-breaking is looked for, yet in -one or two instances there may be some change of marks. In the 1000-yard -run E. W. Mills, of Chauncy Hall, who now holds the record of 2 min. 33 -sec., will be able to better that time if anybody can. It is traditional -custom that the two winning schools of the year previous shall meet in a -team-race, and this year English High and Worcester Academy will clash. -The Worcester boys are bitterly aggrieved over losing the in-door -championship of '96 by one point to English High, and will make -strenuous efforts to regain some of their laurels by winning this event.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 300px;"> -<img src="images/ill_022.jpg" width="300" height="295" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">H. J. KANE, E.H.-S.</span> -</div> - -<p>To prophesy correctly the winner of the first event on the programme, -the 40-yard dash, would be impossible under existing circumstances. The -string of foremost dash-runners that the schools will furnish are very -evenly matched, and most of them are doing the distance in 4-4/5 -sec.—record time—so that it will be less than a yard that separates -the leaders in the final heat. English High is sure to have more than -one of its runners in the final round, with H. J. Kane, H. C. -Kennington, and A. F. Duffy wearing the colors. Kane was third in the -100 and 220 yard runs at the out-of-door championships, and ever since -he has shown improvement. All three of these athletes are capable of -doing 4-4/5 sec. H. C. Jones, of Phillips Exeter, who won the novice -40-yard at the B.A.A. games, February 6th, is predicted to keep pace -with the swiftest, and will be a dangerous competitor.</p> - -<p>Newton High has H. W. Owens, another dash-runner, who in several -instances has done 4-4/5 sec. His inconsistency in running is his worst -fault. The Worcester schools are likely to bring down a set of good -sprinters. The high-school has in A. M. Butler a slashing sprinter, who -won a handicap dash in his city a few weeks ago.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_442" id="Page_442">[Pg 442]</a></span></p> - -<p>The Worcester Academy athletes, with the benefit of a fine out-door -track of 150 yards in length, built on scientific principles, and also a -well-known professional coach in attendance, should exhibit some -redeeming strength at the meet. George Hersey won third in the 40-yard -dash in '96, and ought to better that now. He circled the school track -in the 300-yard dash considerably under the record, and if the corners -at Mechanics' Hall do not bother him, he can justify the confidence -imposed in him by his school.</p> - -<div class="figleft" style="width: 172px;"> -<img src="images/ill_023.jpg" width="172" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">G. H. HUNTRESS, HOPKINSON'S.</span> -</div> - -<p>Captain G. H. Huntress, of Hopkinson's, will be that school's best entry -for the 40 and 300 yard runs. He has good staying powers coupled with -plenty of speed. Noble's School will contribute to the 40-yard dash A. T. -Baker, who lately won prominence by taking the 40-yard handicap prize -away from over a hundred entries at the B.A.A. games. J. W. Sever, of -Brown and Nichol's School in Cambridge, is in the front rank of -scholastic sprinters, and is running in trim form this year.</p> - -<div class="figright" style="width: 350px;"> -<img src="images/ill_024.jpg" width="350" height="347" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">J. H. CONVERSE, E.H.-S.</span> -</div> - -<p>There have been rumors that Phillips Andover would not send a team, but -this will not prevent individuals from entering, and in that case the -appearance of J. J. Peters may be counted on. With the prestige obtained -by his appropriating the hurdles at the big B.A.A. meet, he is given -precedence over everybody in the hurdle contest. His elegant physique is -a factor that will stand by him well if he is hard pressed. J. H. -Converse, the national champion, who defeated A. H. Beers last June, is -in this fight, and his reputation hangs in the balance on the result.</p> - -<p>Hopkinson's School has a trio of clever timber-toppers in J. Hallowell, -E. Cole, and E. Whitman. They are evenly matched, and finish on a line -in practice, but Hallowell's past experience on the track would make him -the favorite in a race. Worcester Academy will furnish a star in Hall, -whose smooth movement over the sticks is bound to make him conspicuous.</p> - -<p>Last year's calculations in the 600-yard run were all upset by the two -probable winners failing to qualify, and by an unknown stepping into the -breach. This contingency may have a repetition, for those thought to -have the best chances are not to be depended upon. M. M. Marks, of -English High, who recently won his heat at the B.A.A. games in 1 min. -20-3/5 sec. from 30 yards, is entitled to recognition. Those who have -watched his running have great faith in his progress, and he certainly -creates a favorable impression by his length of stride, which is -wonderful, considering his slight body. Whether he can repeat is the -doubtful question, and remains to be seen. C. I. Porter, of Hopkinson's, -is going to make a strong bid for something in the 600. His practice -trials have convinced his school that he is a valuable member of the -athletic team. A. W. Lincoln, captain of Boston Latin's team, will be -the grittiest runner in the bunch. He is game through and through, and -if his speed stays with him he may catch a prize.</p> - -<p>There is not a shadow of doubt in the minds of the prophets that E. W. -Mills will capture the 1000-yard run. He is too much of a veteran to be -jockeyed, and has speed and endurance enough to make him a winner. He -will give the record most of his attention, and place it where future -runners will never touch it. The only one now in view who is able to -keep him company is D. T. Sullivan, of Worcester High, who is the -national interscholastic mile-runner. E. W. Crawford, of Boston Latin, -may win a place, as he is practising this distance daily, and has a -beautiful stride. English High is relying upon F. A. Ferguson to keep -its name from being tarnished at this distance. Hopkinson's has a couple -of fair runners in Cunningham and Ladd, and they are expected to give a -good account of themselves.</p> - -<p>From present indications it seems as if Worcester Academy would make the -most points in the field events, as some excellent marks have been made -in practice. C. H. R. Howe has jumped as high as 5 ft. 8 in., which -insures him a prominent place. He is credited with a height greater than -this, but not in competition. H. B. Kendall, a schoolmate, is close -behind Howe in jumping, but his specialty is pole-vaulting. From -different sources comes the report that he will approach the record. As -it is, he can go higher than 10 feet, and has done it repeatedly. J. H. -Converse, of English High, has branched out as a high jumper, and his 5 -ft. 6 in. in rubber-soled shoes means more when he gets on the floor at -the interscholastic tournament. C. M. Rotch, of Hopkinson's, can reach 5 -ft. 7 in., and is being carefully coached, so that this, together with -his perfect style, will have a telling effect.</p> - -<p>The shot-putters will be a stocky set of athletes, as no giants are in -sight, and the list of foremost putters have muscle bred on the football -field. W. W. Coe, of Noble's School, has the call for first honors, and -he is deserving of whatever should befall him, as he has industriously -kept at his endeavors to increase his distance. His stout arm, with a -well-trained composition back of it, has sent the 16-lb. weight 38 ft., -and this would win for him. Eaton of English High and Boyce of Brookline -High are about in the same class, with the advantage on the latter's -side. Worcester anticipates placing a "dark horse" in the shot.</p> - -<p>The half-mile walk will have a scant gathering, as efficient walkers are -scarce. Mohan, an English High pedestrian, with a point at the out-door -interscholastic games last summer, is a reliable man in keeping his -feet.</p> - -<p>The championship of the ice-polo league of the schools in and about -Boston has been won by the Arlington High-School. Space prevents any -detailed comment upon this result in the present issue, but the ice-polo -season will be reviewed in these columns at an early date.</p> - -<p>It is announced that a track-athletic league, to be known as the -Interscholastic Track Association, has been formed among St. Paul's -School, Garden City; Lawrenceville School, of Lawrenceville; and the -Hill School, of Pottstown. No meet will be held this year, but the first -will take place in 1898 at Lawrenceville. The next in 1899 at St. -Paul's, and in 1900 at the Hill School. The events agreed upon are the -100 and 220 yard dashes, 440 and 880 yard and mile run, 120-yard hurdle, -1-mile bicycle, pole vault, throwing 12-pound hammer, and high jump. A -dual meet for this spring has been arranged between Lawrenceville and -the Hill, the events to be those adopted by the triple league.</p> - -<p>Although it is now somewhat late in the season for ice sports, the -formation of a hockey league among the New York schools is nevertheless -to be commended. The membership consists of Berkeley, Cutler, De La -Salle, St. Austin's, and Montclair High-School. Of these schools -Montclair High has probably done the most work at the sport this year, -although Berkeley has developed a very fair team.</p> - -<p>The banner at the Long Island A.A. in-door games, held in Brooklyn, -February 20, was taken by Berkeley, with St. Paul's second, the scores -of the competing teams, by points, being as follows: Berkeley, 25; St. -Paul, 17; Barnard, 14; Pingry, 8; Adelphi, 7; Latin, 5; Dwight, Poly. -Prep., and Collegiate, 3 each; High-School, 2; Columbia Grammar, -Trinity, and Harvard, 1 each.</p> - -<p>The in-door pole-vaulting record was broken by Paulding of Berkeley. He -raised the figures from 9 ft. 10½ in. to 10 ft. 4 in. At the -Knickerbocker A.C. games last year Paulding cleared 10 ft. This year, -therefore, he will doubtless do much better, and should again win the -event.</p> - -<p>The 50-yard dash, as was expected, went to Robinson of St. Paul's. He -lost his heat to Sulzer of Pingry, but took<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_443" id="Page_443">[Pg 443]</a></span> first place easily in the -finals. Kinney of St. Paul's put the 12-pound shot 43 ft. 1 in., and the -high jump was taken by Serviss, B.L.S., with 5 ft. 6½ in.</p> - -<p>The entries for the big games at the Madison Square Garden, under the -auspices of the Knickerbocker Athletic Club, close March 20. It is to be -hoped that by that time all of the schools in this part of the country -will be represented on the lists.</p> - -<h4>"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."—<span class="smcap">Illustrated.—8vo, Cloth, Ornamental</span>, -$1.25.</h4> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">The Graduate</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>DR. NANSEN AND THIRTEEN.</h3> - -<p>The safe return of the <i>Fram</i> is regarded as a knock-down blow to the -thirteen superstition. There were thirteen men in her crew, of whom the -thirteenth joined at the last moment. All returned safe and well, and -none of them was ill at any time, or a cause of anxiety. Then, too, it -was on the 13th of August that Nansen reached home, and on the same day -the <i>Fram</i> got quit of the ice, seven months to a day after (on January -13) she had struck a southerly current. To these coincidences it is -added that three litters of thirteen pups were born in Nansen's pack of -Eskimo dogs (though a greater number than six to a litter is unusual), -and that just thirteen publishers bid for his book after his return.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="THE_CAMERA_CLUB" id="THE_CAMERA_CLUB"></a> -<img src="images/ill_025.jpg" width="600" height="197" alt="THE CAMERA CLUB" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly -answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to -hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions.</p></blockquote> - -<h3>DEFECTS IN NEGATIVES, AND THE REMEDY.</h3> - -<p>The most common defect in negatives, and one which it is easy to avoid, -is the small transparent spots which appear on the negative after -developing and fixing. These spots are called pinholes, and are caused -by small specks of dust which cling to the film, and which do not wash -off when the developer is turned over the plate. When a print is made -from a negative in which there are pinholes, small black spots appear in -the finished print wherever there were pinholes in the film. These holes -can be filled up by retouching, but they may be avoided altogether, and -prevention is much better than cure. After the sensitive plate is in the -holder, dust it over carefully with a small wad of surgeon's cotton -before putting in the slide. If plates remain in the holder some time -before they are used, it is a wise plan to dust them again before they -are put into the developer. Pinholes are sometimes caused by using old -developer which has not been filtered, and the tiny specks which are in -the solution settle on the plate during development. Always filter -developer after once using, and it saves time if it is filtered at once -when through developing.</p> - -<p>Larger spots with sharp dark edges are caused by air-bubbles forming on -the plate when the developer is poured over it. If the tray is slanted a -little when the solution is turned on the plate, air-bubbles are seldom -formed. A piece of clean surgeon's cotton passed quickly over the plate -will break the bubbles.</p> - -<p>Where there are large irregular spots on the plate which are not fully -developed, it shows that the developer did not cover all the plate -immediately, and therefore acted longer on one part than on the other. -There is no remedy for this; but such markings can be prevented by -pouring the developer quickly over the plate and rocking the tray for a -few seconds.</p> - -<p>If the negative, after fixing, is covered with fine markings, the print -looking as if the negative from which it was made was crackled, it shows -that the tray was not rocked sufficiently during the process of -development. The tray should be gently rocked in all directions, so that -fresh developer is constantly passing over the sensitive film. (Not long -ago one of the members of the club sent two prints to the editor, one of -which was covered with fine markings. The letter stated that the -negatives were made and developed one after the other; and while the -first was all right, the second had the crackled appearance. An -explanation of the cause was asked and received.)</p> - -<p>If the negative after developing and fixing turns yellow it indicates -that the plate was not left long enough in the fixing-bath. As explained -in one of the papers on the chemistry of photography, when the negative -is placed in the fixing-bath a new compound is formed of the unchanged -chloride of silver and the hyposulphite of soda. They unite and form a -double salts, called silver sodium hyposulphite or thisulphate. This -double salt is soluble in a solution of hypo, and the fixing-bath must -be strong enough not only to form this double salt, but also to dissolve -it. When it is thoroughly dissolved it is quickly washed out of the -film. If the fixing-bath is too weak, or if the plate is taken from the -bath too soon, the plate will soon turn yellow, and in time the image -will be destroyed. To prevent this the plate should be left in the -fixing-bath for five minutes after the plate is cleared from the silver -bromide.</p> - -<p>When a negative after drying has a whitish appearance with a rough -surface, it is because the plate was not washed long enough after -removing from the hypo bath. Wash plates an hour in running water, or in -eight or ten changes of water, changing at intervals of five minutes.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">Arthur Nilsen</span> asks if portraits can be made better with snap-shots -than with time exposures; and if with time exposures, the length of -the exposure. Snap-shots for portraits give too harsh contrasts. -For a time exposure with good light simply taking off and replacing -the cap quickly will be long enough; or if a hand-camera with drop -shutter, open and close the shutter as rapidly as possible without -making the exposure instantaneous. One must learn to regulate the -exposure according to the light, and the rapidity of the lens and -plate used. With a little careful practice one can learn to expose -the plate correctly.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">D. Saylor Wilson</span> asks how to tell when a plate is fully developed. -Examine the plate by looking through it toward the red light. If -the detail is well out, and the negative looks as if it would be -dense enough for a good print, return the negative to the -developer, and rock it till the image is fading rapidly, then -remove and wash and fix. With some kinds of developer the image -must be allowed to fade entirely, but with hydrochinon developer -the plate is developed far enough when the plate looks dense when -examined by looking through it toward the light.</p></blockquote> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 295px;"> -<img src="images/ill_026.jpg" width="295" height="400" alt="" /> -</div> - -<h3>The Leading Chefs</h3> - -<p class="center">Use only</p> - -<h2>ROYAL</h2> - -<h3>BAKING POWDER</h3> - -<p class="center">Absolutely Pure</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>EARN A GOLD WATCH!</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 246px;"> -<img src="images/ill_027.jpg" width="246" height="250" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>We wish to introduce our <b>Teas and Baking Powder</b>. Sell 50 lbs. to earn a -<b>Waltham Gold Watch and Chain</b>; 25 lbs for a <b>Silver Watch and Chain</b>; 10 -lbs. for a <b>Gold Ring</b>; 50 lbs. for a <b>Decorated Dinner Set</b>; 75 lbs. for a -<b>Bicycle</b>. Write for a Catalog and order Blank to Dept. I</p> - -<h4>W. G. BAKER,</h4> - -<h4>Springfield Mass.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center">Hold their place in the front rank of the publications to which they -belong.—<i>Boston Journal</i>, Feb. 19, 1896.</p> - -<h2>HARPER'S</h2> - -<h2>PERIODICALS</h2> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">MAGAZINE, $4.00 a Year</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">WEEKLY, $4.00 a Year</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">BAZAR, $4.00 a Year</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">ROUND TABLE, $2.00 a Year</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>JOSEPH GILLOTT'S</h2> - -<h3>STEEL PENS.</h3> - -<h4>GOLD MEDAL, <span class="smcap">paris exposition</span>, 1889,</h4> - -<h4><span class="smcap">and the chicago exposition award</span>.</h4> - -<h3>THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS.</h3> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_028.jpg" width="400" height="139" alt="PISO'S CURE FOR CONSUMPTION" /> -</div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_444" id="Page_444">[Pg 444]</a></span></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2><a name="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN" id="QUESTIONS_FOR_YOUNG_MEN">QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN.</a></h2> - -<p>There was, a few years ago, a law in Connecticut and Massachusetts—and -I think it is still extant in Connecticut—that no man shall kiss his -wife in public. Both States have laws, as have many others, that no man -shall swear; and they both had laws, if they do not still have them, -that no one shall smoke on the street.</p> - -<p>It has always been considered an immoral act for a Christian to swear, -but there is unquestionably a distinction to be made which is of just as -much interest to the average boy as to any full-grown man. The use of -sacred names in common every-day language—that is, the colloquial use -of terms that represent what we reverence, what are the property of each -man for himself, and his deepest thoughts—is undoubtedly a wrong. The -name of God and what it represents to you and to me in our lives belongs -to us, and does not concern any one else. No one, therefore, has any -right to vulgarize it in our presence, and if he does so, he is -infringing on sacred personal rights, and is therefore committing a -wrong. That is self-evident.</p> - -<p>There is, however, a difference between committing this actual wrong, -between breaking the sturdy old New England Puritan law, and using -exaggerated terms which are just as much swearing as the use of sacred -names is. There are many terms which in themselves have to-day no -significance—though they may have in derivation—except as exaggerated -expression. One says, "Good gracious!" "Oh dear!" "Oh my!" a dozen times -an hour, and is never criticised for swearing. Yet these expressions in -their original forms were swearing of the most exaggerated kind, and in -principle are so to-day. They all originally had the name of the Deity -attached to them, the second one being probably a corruption of French -"Oh Dieu!"</p> - -<p>The important point is that although they no longer infringe on sacred -things and personal rights, they are really just as much swearing to-day -as they originally were. They are signs of weakness, of a desire for -something stronger in the form of expression than the ordinary English -phrase which precedes or follows them. The speaker feels the need of -some exaggeration, and these inoffensive terms are just as unnecessary -as are the offensive ones—indeed, they are only weak subterfuges which -try to get the same effect without using the sacred terms.</p> - -<p>That means a vicious, because growing, tendency to constant increase and -exaggeration, which is the real principle of too much drinking that -makes a drunkard, too much smoking that makes a nervous invalid, too -much idleness that makes an unsuccessful life. If you will listen to the -greatest orators or read their speeches, if you will read the works of -the greatest authors, you will find no exaggeration of language to speak -of even at most important moments, and the very temperateness of these -orations and writings has a wonderful effect. Read, if you have not done -so, the little speech of Mr. Lincoln's at Gettysburg, and see how -simple, how temperate it is, and yet it is said by all students and -judges, by any one who really studies it, to not only cover the whole -subject Mr. Lincoln had in hand, but to be one of the most stirring -speeches that have been made to the American public.</p> - -<p>On the other hand, go some day and listen to a cheap stump-speaker, and -in the course of half an hour you will hear that this and that is the -"most magnificent," the "most frightful," the "greatest crime that cries -to Heaven," and abundant other phrases out of all proportion to the -subjects, which do not carry the weight of one of Lincoln's simple -sentences in his address. These unnecessary superlatives are, in their -way, swearing, which in principle are as bad, and as evil in their -results on the user and the listener, as is the use of sacred names. -They are the beginning of which the latter is the end. The feeling which -makes a boy or man want to use exaggerated terms is the real evil. It -grows like any other weakness, until his talk is puerile and of no -value. And if he would avoid swearing, or cure himself of it, he must -begin there, and not at the particular words he has discovered himself -to be using, and which may have called forth criticism because they were -sacred to those who heard them.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>FAMOUS FREQUENTERS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES.</h3> - -<p>A London newspaper says of the late Mr. Robert Harrison, formerly -secretary and librarian to the London Library, whose death occurred a -short time ago, that he had an extensive acquaintance with famous men of -letters. In a Presidential address at the Librarians' Conference at -Nottingham in September, 1891, he gave some interesting reminiscences of -some of the eminent frequenters of the library:</p> - -<p>"The most conspicuously original man among them was Carlyle. He often -visited the library. His conversation was most amusing, full of -extravagant and exaggerated statements, and always ending with a loud -laugh, apparently at himself. He used the library books extensively for -his later works, and was guilty of the reprehensible practice of writing -on the margins of their books. He must admit that his remarks were never -meaningless, but chiefly consisted of corrections of dates or errors in -the text."</p> - -<p>Of Thackeray, another eminent member of the London Library, Mr. Harrison -had also an anecdote to tell:</p> - -<p>"When writing <i>The Virginians</i> he came to him (the speaker) for a life -of General Wolfe. 'I don't want,' he said, 'an historical account of his -career—Lord Mahon's book gives me that—but I want something that will -tell me the color of his breeches.'"</p> - -<p>Mr. Harrison had the pleasure also of helping Charles Reade to find -materials for his story of <i>The Cloister and the Hearth</i>. The late Lord -Lytton was a frequent visitor and inquirer, as also was the author of -<i>Westward, Ho!</i> and George Eliot. Mr. Harrison was quite astonished at -first to see what pains and research were applied to the production of -books so easy to read as were their best novels.</p> - -<p>Concerning Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Harrison had likewise something to say. -The G. O. M. has always taken an interest in the prosperity of the -library:</p> - -<p>"He (Mr. Gladstone) made use chiefly of their works of reference. The -speaker remembered with pleasure a small incident that occurred when -<i>Javentus Mundi</i> was going to press. Mr. Gladstone called to verify a -line in Propertius, or Ausonius—he forgot which. He told his need to -one of the Eton masters, who happened to be present. The line was found, -and it differed slightly from that which Mr. Gladstone had quoted. -'But,' said the Eton master to him afterwards, 'his line was much finer -than the one which we found in print.'"</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>HIS PROPOSITION.</h3> - -<p>There is a little suburban town out in New Jersey, and its inhabitants -are very proud of their fire department, claiming that it can meet every -possible exigency. As for the truth of this statement, it is not -advisable to meditate upon, and there is one thing positive, and that is -the inability of its members to prevent fires. Unfortunately such -occurrences were growing to be a chronic affliction, and in desperation -the leading officials of the fire department and the town officials met -to devise ways and means of stopping them.</p> - -<p>"It's carelessness, rank carelessness!" exclaimed one portly gentleman. -"Such things should rarely happen in well-regulated communities."</p> - -<p>Thus it went on for over an hour, growing no nearer to a solution of the -difficulty. Finally one of the fire department members arose. -"Gentlemen," he cried, "I have a resolution to propose which I think, if -adopted by the honorable members of this board, will entirely do away -with fires in our town."</p> - -<p>"Hear! hear!" cried the members of the board. "What is it? Propose it," -etc.</p> - -<p>"Gentlemen, I propose that three days before each fire some one should -go to the house and ascertain if it has been caused by the inmates' -carelessness, and if so enforce a payment of money to meet the expenses -of running the engines to the scene."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_445" id="Page_445">[Pg 445]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"><a name="STAMPS" id="STAMPS"></a> -<img src="images/ill_029.jpg" width="600" height="203" alt="STAMPS" /> -</div> - -<blockquote> - -<p>This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin -collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question -on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address -Editor Stamp Department.</p></blockquote> - -<p>I know several subscribers to the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> who have exchanged stamps -with other readers of this column, to the advantage of all concerned. -For the first time in two years I have received a complaint that stamps -were sent to one of the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> readers, without receiving any -return or even acknowledgment of the stamps. Possibly the first letter -accompanying the stamps, or the reply acknowledging the same, went -astray or was lost in the mails. The complaint is being investigated; -but I hope all subscribers to the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> will be prompt and -businesslike in replying to correspondents on receipt of letters.</p> - -<p>One of the best methods of exchange is through the books of one or the -other of the local societies or national philatelic associations. These -exchanges are conducted on a cash basis. Each member pays the manager of -the exchange department for all stamps taken from the books, and the -manager in turn pays the members for their stamps sold from the books, -and returns the unsold stamps.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p><span class="smcap">L. T. Brodstone</span>, Superior, Neb.—Previous to 1890 all U.S. stamps -were made by private bank-note companies under contract with the -government. Since then the Bureau of Printing and Engraving at -Washington has made all the stamps. The envelopes and post-cards -are still made by private concerns under contract with the U.S. -government. There are several monumental collections in the U.S. -Probably the best is owned by a gentleman in one of the New England -States. The above-named wishes to exchange stamps.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">J. D. Waterman</span>.—The difference between the Hartford and the -Philadelphia dies of the Centennial (1876) envelope is this: the -word "Postage" is in a label; in the Hartford die the lower line of -the label is single, in the Philadelphia die it is double. U.S. -stamps are printed in large sheets, and afterwards cut apart into -sheets of 100. The guide-lines are made to call attention to the -proper place for cutting. As nearly 10,000,000 of the 1c. and 2c. -stamps are used every day in the year, it is not likely that these -stamps will become rare even in a hundred years.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">H. C. Branch</span>.—Just one cent.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">C. H. Williston</span>.—The 1809 half-dollar can be bought for 75c.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">S. S. Langley</span>.—The star in heraldry is five-pointed, as a rule. -The use of the six-pointed star by the U.S. Mint was probably an -accident in the beginning, but has now become fully established as -the custom.</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">George Bright</span>.—About 10c. each.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Philatus</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h3>MR. POULTNEY BIGELOW</h3> - -<p class="center">contributes a short story,</p> - -<h2>HOW TOM RODMAN</h2> - -<h2>JOINED THE</h2> - -<h2>GERMAN ARMY,</h2> - -<p class="center">to the next number of</p> - -<h3><span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span></h3> - -<h4>Five Cents a copy. Two Dollars a year.</h4> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 500px;"> -<img src="images/ill_030.jpg" width="500" height="233" alt="IVORY SOAP" /> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Standards in Modern Literature</h2> - -<h2>PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS</h2> - -<h3>ROLFE'S SHAKESPEARE.</h3> - -<p><b>Shakespeare.</b>* With Notes. By <span class="smcap">William J. Rolfe</span>. Copiously Illustrated. 40 -Vols., 16mo, Flexible Cloth, 56 cents per volume; Paper, 40 cents per -volume.</p> - -<p><b>The Friendly Edition of Shakespeare.</b> 40 Vols, in 20. By <span class="smcap">William J. -Rolfe</span>. Illustrated. Per Set, 16mo, Sheets, $22.00; Cloth, $25.00; Half -Leather, $35.00.</p> - -<h3>CHARLES DICKENS.</h3> - -<p><b>Harper's Household Dickens.</b> In 16 vols., Royal 8vo, Paper, $14.00; -Cloth, $22.00. Illustrated by <span class="smcap">E. A. Abbey</span> and others.</p> - -<h3>TENNYSON.</h3> - -<p><b>Songs from the Published Writings of Alfred Tennyson.</b> Set to Music by -Eminent Composers. Edited by <span class="smcap">W. G. Cusins</span>. Ill'd. Royal 4to, Cloth, Gilt -Edges, $5.00.</p> - -<h3>HOMER*.</h3> - -<p><b>Iliad.</b> The First Six Books. Edited by Dr. <span class="smcap">Anthon</span>. $1.20.—<b>Iliad.</b>—(Books -XVI. to XXIV.). By <span class="smcap">W. S. Tyler</span>, D.D., LL.D. $1.50.—<b>The Phæacians -Episode of the Odyssey.</b> With Introduction, etc., by <span class="smcap">Augustus C. Merriam</span>, -Ph.D. Illustrated. $1.50.—<b>Iliad.</b> <b>Odyssey.</b> Literally Translated by -<b>Theodore A. Buckley</b>. 75 cents each.—<b>Tales from the Odyssey.</b> By C. M. B. -30 cents.</p> - -<h3>EURIPIDES.*</h3> - -<p><b>The Tragedies of Euripides.</b> Literally Translated. 2 Vols., Cloth, 75 -cents each.</p> - -<p><b>An English Commentary on the Rhesus, Medea, Hippolytus, Alcestis, -Heraclidæ, Supplices, and Troades.</b> By Dr. <span class="smcap">Anthon</span>. Cloth, 90 cents.</p> - -<p><b>Text.</b> Ex Recensione <span class="smcap">Frederici A. Paley</span>. 3 vols., Cloth, 50 cents; Paper, -32 cents, each.</p> - -<h3>ÆSCHYLUS.*</h3> - -<p><b>Æschylus.</b> Literally Translated by <span class="smcap">T. A. Buckley</span>. 75 cents.</p> - -<p><b>Æschylus.</b> Ex Novissima Recensione <span class="smcap">F. A. Paley</span>. Paper, 32 cents; Cloth, -50 cents.</p> - -<h3>VIRGIL.*</h3> - -<p><b>Text.</b> Ex Recensione <span class="smcap">J. Conington</span>. Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 32 cents.</p> - -<p><b>Eclogues and Georgics.</b> Edited by Dr. <span class="smcap">Anthon</span>. Sheep, $1.20.</p> - -<p><b>Æneid.</b> Edited by Dr. <span class="smcap">Anthon</span>. Sheep, $1.20.</p> - -<p><b>The Works of Virgil.</b> Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents.</p> - -<h3>SOPHOCLES.*</h3> - -<p>Text. Ex Novissima Recensione <span class="smcap">Gulielmi Dindorfii</span>. Cloth, 50 cents; -Paper, 32 cents.</p> - -<p>The Antigone. By <span class="smcap">M. W. Humphrey</span>. Cloth, $1.50.</p> - -<p>Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents.</p> - -<p>Translated by <span class="smcap">T. Francklin</span>. Cloth, 75 cents.</p> - -<h3>HORACE.*</h3> - -<p><b>Text.</b> Quinti Horatii Flacci Opera Omnia. Ex Recensione <span class="smcap">A. J. Macleane</span>. -Paper. 32 cents; Cloth, 50 cents.—<b>Text.</b> And a Life of Horace by <span class="smcap">Milman</span>. -Edited by Dr. <span class="smcap">Anthon</span>. Sheep, $1.20.—Translated by <span class="smcap">Philip Francis</span>, D.D., -and others. 2 vols. $1.50.</p> - -<h3>THACKERAY.</h3> - -<p><b>Harper's Household Edition.</b> With Illustrations by <span class="smcap">George du Maurier</span> and -the Author. Novels, 6 Vols.; Miscellanies, 5 Vols. 12mo, Cloth, $1.25 -per vol.; $12.00 per set.</p> - -<h3>SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE.</h3> - -<p><b>The Complete Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.</b> With an Introductory -Essay upon his Philosophical and Theological Opinions. Library Edition. -Edited by Professor <span class="smcap">W. G. T. Shedd</span>. With an Index. In 7 Volumes. 12mo, -Cloth, $2.00 per Volume, or $12.00 per set.</p> - -<h3>GOETHE.</h3> - -<p><b>Faust.</b> Translated by <span class="smcap">John Anster</span>. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; Paper, 50 -cents.</p> - -<h3>WILLIAM WORDSWORTH.</h3> - -<p><b>Poems.</b> Chosen and Edited by <span class="smcap">Matthew Arnold</span>. 32mo, Paper, 50 cents.</p> - -<p><b>Select Poems.</b>* By <span class="smcap">W. J. Rolfe</span>. 16mo, Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 40 cents.</p> - -<p><b>A Selection from the Sonnets.</b> With Numerous Illustrations by <span class="smcap">Alfred -Parsons</span>. 4to, Full Leather, Gilt Edges, $5.00. (<i>In a Box.</i>)</p> - -<h3>VICTOR HUGO.</h3> - -<p><b>Things Seen.</b> With Portrait. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; 12mo, Paper, 25 -cents.</p> - -<h3>JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL.</h3> - -<p><b>The Letters of James Russell Lowell.</b> Edited by <span class="smcap">Charles Eliot Norton</span>. -With Portrait, 2 vols., 8vo, Cloth, $8.00; Half Calf, $12.50. (<i>In a -Box.</i>)</p> - -<p>* <i>To the prices given above, in the cases of School and College -Text-Books, as indicated by asterisks, 10% should be added for -postage.</i></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_446" id="Page_446">[Pg 446]</a></span></p> - -<h3>Life In the Regular Army.</h3> - -<blockquote> - -<p>Most people who see members of the National Guard in showy uniforms -and on dress parade, and some people who see United States regular -troops on pleasant Sunday afternoons, sitting on the banks at Fort -Wadsworth, and enjoying the exquisite views of New York upper and -lower bays, get the notion that a soldier's life is a jolly and a -lazy one. I can speak from experience when I state that the life of -an enlisted man in a heavy battery of the United States artillery -is not always jolly, and not as lazy as it sometimes appears.</p> - -<p>One needs good references and a better body to get into the regular -army. Many American young men who have the inclination to enter the -army have not the physique, and so it happens that the American -service has, one might almost say, every nationality in it except -Americans.</p> - -<p>I belong to Battery D, First Artillery, which was stationed at Fort -Wadsworth when I enlisted, but has since been transferred to -Jackson Barracks, a few miles out of New Orleans. Although much -under thirty, I have seen service in a foreign country's armed -forces, and have been in many parts of the world. Like most other -Americans who enter the army, I enlisted in small part because I -thought I might like the service, and in great part because I could -not, just then, find anything else to do. The physical examinations -to get into the service are most rigid, and there is much of what -people call "red tape," but I suppose all of the latter is -necessary.</p> - -<p>Recruits in the United States Army are called "Rookies"—why, I -don't know. You can readily tell a rookie from a veteran. A -rookie's earliest interest concerns his "kit," which is his -personal property, although issued to him by the quarter-master. -The kit comprises a great number of articles, including -under-clothing, shoes, collars, white cotton and fur gloves, half a -dozen styles of caps, a dress-coat, and a brown canvas suit for -"fatigue" duty. Each man is allowed $60 the first year, $28 the -second, and $30 the third to spend for clothing. The government -loans to him a bedstead, mattress, sheets, pillow, clothes box and -bag, besides gun, canteen, knife, fork, and some other odd things.</p> - -<p>Barrack life is not one which every man can take a liking to at -first. The enlisted man, in scores of cases, is a rover, to begin -with. But a company of such men thrown together presently find -their "bunkies." They pair off by a sort of natural selection. The -accidents of the mess, or of walking post, or guard duty lead to a -rough-and-ready friendship.</p> - -<p>A trying period for the recruit is while he is in the sergeant's -training, getting his first lessons in drill. This he begins -without gun—or arms, as the gun is called in the army. It is not -till he has had these private lessons for three months that he is -turned over for duty, walks his first post, and comes to be -regarded by his fellows as a full-fledged soldier.</p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 600px;"> -<img src="images/ill_031.jpg" width="600" height="353" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">THE YARD, JACKSON BARRACKS.</span> -</div> - -<p>In the morning no one comes and tells a fellow that breakfast is -ready. At Fort Wadsworth the bugle sounded at 5.30 in summer, and 6 -in winter. Ten minutes later reveille sounds, a gun is fired, the -flag is raised on the post staff—a large flag for a pleasant day, -and a smaller one for a stormy day—and the fort is swarming with -men running here and there, and going down stairs three steps at a -bound. Assembly for roll-call is only five minutes after -reveille—not a long time to wash and dress. But a fellow in the -service has to do as he is commanded. You have heard of the captain -who told the recruit that there were three things to do to make a -good soldier. The first was to obey orders; the second, to obey -orders; and the third, to obey orders. There are mess-call for -breakfast, sick-call for hospital, and fatigue-call for men who are -to do extra duty, like mowing weeds, moving guns, or maybe milking -the colonel's cow, should he keep one. Then those remaining in -barracks spend half an hour swinging clubs, running, jumping, or -other exercise to develop the muscles. Each post commander fixes -the hours for drills within certain limits, but guard-mount comes -early in the fore-noon, is usually performed in full-dress uniform, -and executed the same in all military posts. A new guard goes on -and relieves the old one. There is quiet in the post, save for the -bugle that marks the hours, till half past eleven, when recall is -sounded. At twelve dinner is ready. At one work begins again, if -there is work to do, and lasts till half past four. Supper is at -five, and at sunset there is dress parade. The work done is, -cleaning up the reservation, mounting or moving guns, digging -ditches, and doing a lot of things that don't appear in accounts of -military manœuvres and show parades.</p> - -<p>In winter school is kept, usually by one of the commissioned -officers, when there are classes in range-finding, knotting and -splicing ropes, gunnery, and the like.</p> - -<p>Sunset parade is what the soldier's lady friends always come to -see. It is ceremonious. Let me tell you about it. All are obliged -to answer the call for it, and fall in on their respective -parade-grounds, neatly dressed, shoes polished, white gloves on, -and arms bright. The first sergeant calls the roll, and brings the -company or battery to parade rest. The adjutant, or officer of the -day, now takes charge, and by a wave of the hand notifies the chief -trumpeter to sound off retreat. At the last sound of the bugle the -corporal of the guard fires the evening gun, and another member of -the guard hauls down the flag. The first sergeants report the -presence or absence of the men, and the corporal of the guard locks -up the colors, to remain so till reveille next morning.</p> - -<p>This ends the day's routine of a regular army enlisted man in -barracks, and he may go where he pleases until eleven, when taps is -sounded. At taps the lights must go out. A check-roll is taken to -see if any men are absent. This is done by a sergeant or corporal, -who takes a list of names of the men, and, with a lantern for -light, goes through the rooms to see if each man is in bed.</p> - -<p>Special permission is granted to men of good character to absent -themselves from retreat, check-roll call, and reveille every day -when not on special duty. At Fort Wadsworth, which, with Fort -Hamilton, guards the entrance to New York harbor, most men have the -afternoons off, and not a few of them put them in in sleep. There -is a fascination about the soldier's life. And yet most men in it -wish themselves out of it, and are always looking forward to the -end of their enlistments, or speculating whether it will pay them -to buy their releases. Sometimes we have entertainments in the post -hall, and on Sundays the reservation swarms with sight-seers, who -ask innumerable questions, some sensible, others otherwise. Do I -like a soldier's life? Yes, though I often, as do others in the -service, I fancy, build air-castles about what I would do if out of -it.</p></blockquote> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Frederic Wilkens</span>.</span><br /> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">Jackson Barracks, New Orleans</span>.</span><br /> -</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>Questions and Answers.</h3> - -<p>James F. Rodgers: The best researches in the line you indicate have been -made by the national government, which has explored, measured, and dug -over a great part of the ruins of the homes of former cliff dwellers and -Aztec Indians. The Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum, -Washington, contain many pictures, surveys, etc., of these ruins. We -know of no society engaged in such study, or, at least, none that makes -excavations.—Ethel R. Betts: Greek is now required for entrance to -Barnard, but some changes are to be made in the requirements. See the -answer of the Registrar published in this column, No. 902.—Bessie H. -asks how she can get foreign postage-stamps. In several ways. She can -buy them from a dealer; she can trade with friends for them; she can -send the money to some post-office in the country the stamps of which -she desires; or she can write to correspondents in foreign countries -whose names she finds in the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> or other publication.</p> - -<p>Marian E. P. Greene, Jamacha, Cal., writes: "A Swiss friend, much -interested in autograph-collecting, has sent me one of her 'traders'—an -autograph of Emile Zola—with the request that I exchange it for some -well-known American or English writer. I also have the autograph of -Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, generally known as Princess -Christian. This I will be glad to trade for an American autograph, or -will send it with Zola's in exchange for a very good one. I would much -like to have the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> dated December 25, 1895, and will send ten -cents in stamps to any Knight or Lady who can procure it for me. If a -Lady of the Round Table has passed her eighteenth birthday, can she -still write to the <span class="smcap">Table</span> from time to time, and send questions to be -answered, or must she give up this privilege?" She need not give up the -privilege. The <span class="smcap">Table</span> is glad to receive morsels descriptive of -interesting places, people, and things.</p> - -<p>An Orange subscriber asks where he can see pictures of the different -ships of our navy. In <span class="smcap">Harper's Weekly</span>, files of which you will find in -your local library. If you wish to possess them, you can procure back -numbers of the <span class="smcap">Weekly</span>. Consult the file to see what numbers you desire. -In the <span class="smcap">Weekly</span> you will find not only pictures of all our naval ships, -but pictures of some of the larger ones in several positions.—"A. H. S." -asks: "If a picture takes a prize in your Camera Club Competition -and is printed in your paper, are you the holder of a copyright on said -picture? And also if it may be submitted for printing in another journal -at some future time?" Each issue of most periodicals is copyrighted. -That copyright covers everything in<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_447" id="Page_447">[Pg 447]</a></span> the issue. Where a photograph has -been reproduced in a periodical, whether <span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span> or some -other, it is best to ask the publishers' permission about using it -again. That permission can generally be obtained, or at least a plate -purchased. Of course one would hardly enter a prize-picture in another -prize competition. That might be fair, but one cannot afford to appear -over-greedy.</p> - -<p>Richard Stark, Jun., sends us the following:</p> - -<p>"Where can I get setting-boards for setting butterflies and moths? Is a -microscope costing from $3 to $5 powerful enough to properly examine -plants and insects? Is there any Chapter or society of young naturalists -for exchanging specimens of natural history? If so, I would like to hear -from it." Make the setting-boards yourself. The <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> published -directions for using them only a short time since. A low-priced -microscope will answer very well for examining plants, but a more -powerful one is needed for insects. You say "properly" examining. Much -depends on how important you regard the word "properly." As a general -rule, it is poor economy to purchase cheap scientific instruments. If -you can afford a microscope costing $8 to $20, you will find it much -more satisfactory. Might you not secure one on approval?—A New York -member asks for a proof of a prize-story which the <span class="smcap">Round Table</span> desires -to have illustrated. We regret to say we have no such story at present, -and no plans have been made to have our prize-stories illustrated this -year.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h4>Woman's Bicycle Distance Record.</h4> - -<p>Here is an interesting query. "A. M." asks the woman's bicycle distance -record. She says hers, ridden during one year, is 5700 miles. She asks -if she holds the record. Let us hear from members on this interesting -point.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>THAT WONDERFUL SAIL.</h3> - -<p><span class="smcap">Harper's Round Table</span> has rarely published a puzzle that so exercised the -minds of its young friends and led to so much instructive research. A -curious thing about the contest was the fact that questions thought in -advance to be difficult were answered readily, while some quite easy -questions were missed by almost every solver. Such an outcome has never -before been known in all of these many contests. For example, the sign -at the boat-landing, and the three riddles 21, 22, and 23, were put into -the puzzle as "stickers." Yet more than half the solvers answered all -three of the riddles, and every one of them, save perhaps a half-dozen, -discovered the keys to the landing sign, much to the astonishment of the -puzzle's author. Of the riddles, the one that proved the most difficult -was 22. On the other hand, the "Mad Yankee" and the "Bad Lands of the -Say It," both quite easy, were missed by almost everybody. Such a fact -is no less astonishing than that all should guess the hard questions.</p> - -<p>The question was asked by one solver, if an answer fitting the question -perfectly is thrown out or counted wrong, provided it does not chance to -have been the propounder's answer to the question. The answer is an -emphatic no. All answers that fit the questions are accepted, of course, -and in case of doubt the solver is given the benefit. In the correct -answers herewith given, those put down first are the propounder's -answers; succeeding ones, if any, those found by the solvers, and -accepted because they answer the questions. Solvers are asked to read -them, and immediately afterward the explanation which follows:</p> - -<p>1. Ba(Lear)ic—Prospero. 2. Edu(Cato)r. 3. Mis (Solon)ghi—Socrates. 4. -Better leave bad company behind. 5. Noah Webster. 6. Elisha Kent Kane. -7. S(cave)nger. 8. Gras(shop)per—Para(a city in Brazil) site. 9. -I(magi)nation—pre(sage). 10. Cor(rug)ation—(fur)row—s(cowl). 11. -A(string)ent—(cord)ial—por(twine). 12. G(litter)ing—b(rig)ht. 13. -Es(cap)ade—dis(turban)ce—false(hood). 14. Re(quire)ment. 15. S(corn)er. -16. Se(map)hore. 17. Ser(vice)able. 18. H(alb)erd. 19. B(ranch)ie. 20. -In(scrip)tion—prescription. 21. Cheese. 22. A clay pipe. 23. Rabbit's -foot. 24. Ce(rum)en—whiskey in ear of corn. 25. Re(cup)eration. 26. -B(rake)man. 27. S(crib)e—S(cot)t—Al(cot)t—Pres(cot)t. 28. -Hot(tent)ot—A(shanti). 29. S(heath)ing. 30. S(hut)ter. 31. Quad(rill)e. -32. Ro(pew)alk. 33. Sal(a man)der. 34. Sy(nag)ogue. 35. The Land of -Steady Habits (Connecticut).</p> - -<p>In 1 and 3 a doubt honestly arose whether hidden names or facts were -intended. Hence both were allowed. In 6, "Mad" Anthony Wayne was not the -mad Yankee, because he was born in Pennsylvania, of Irish parents. In 9, -many gave "mage" in "image" for "magi," which was, of course, not -allowed, and others gave "judge" in "judgement," meaning perhaps -"judgment," as if it were expected solvers would misspell words. In 21, -"milk" is not allowable because it is not subjected to great pressure. -In 22, "iron" would not do for several reasons—see conditions. In 23, -"horseshoe" does not fit, because not a serious loss to its owner, as is -the rabbit's foot. That which is used by masons is the hair—in plaster. -The last question, which almost everybody missed, is a simple anagram, -not nearly so difficult to rearrange as the alphabetical cipher in 4.</p> - -<p>The highest honor and a substantial prize of $20 were won by Bryant K. -Hussey, who lives in Chicago and is 16 years of age. He gave correct -answers to all save 6 and 35. The second honors, with prize of $5 to -each, go to sisters who live in a pretty Virginia town. Their names are -Amy Ralston and Katherine B. Rogers. The other prize-winners are Francis -C. Péquignot, of Philadelphia, $4, and the following six, to each of -whom $1 is awarded: Lewis P. Churchill, of Nova Scotia; Eunice K. Jones, -of Ohio; Robert H. Mead, Raymond Tilley, and Joseph B. Eastman, of -Pennsylvania; and Pierre W. Saxton, of Otsego County, New York.</p> - -<p>In these awards an honor list is made—an unusual concession—and -deservedly at the head of this list is placed the name of Master M. L. -Hamlin, aged nine, who lives in Yonkers, New York. The others, whose -names follow, correctly answered thirty of the thirty-five questions: -Maddie C. Marshall, South Carolina; Roy Culbertson, Kentucky; Bayard B. -Rodman, Long Island; Alice B. Tobey, Ohio; Harold F. Gaston and Bessie -Jones, Pennsylvania; Maude G. Corcoran, Maryland; Kathryn A. Fisher, -Michigan; Paul F. Case and Claude S. Smith, Monroe County, New York; -Anna W. James, New Jersey; and L. J. Martin, Kansas.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>ADVERTISEMENTS.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Arnold</h2> - -<h2>Constable & Co.</h2> - -<h2>Ladies'</h2> - -<h2>Spring Woollens.</h2> - -<h3><i>Covert and Whipcord Suitings,</i></h3> - -<h3><i>English, Scotch, and Irish Homespuns,</i></h3> - -<h3><i>Venetians, Mixed Meltons,</i></h3> - -<h3><i>Plain Faced Cloths,</i></h3> - -<p class="center">for Tailor-made Costumes.</p> - -<h3><i>Black and Colored Serges,</i></h3> - -<h3><i>Plaid Black Cloths,</i></h3> - -<p class="center">for Bicycle and Golf Skirts.</p> - -<h3><i>Fancy Ducks, Crash.</i></h3> - -<h4>Broadway & 19th st.</h4> - -<h4>NEW YORK.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h4>"A perfect type of the highest order</h4> - -<h4>of excellence in manufacture."</h4> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 367px;"> -<img src="images/ill_032.jpg" width="367" height="400" alt="Walter Baker" /> -</div> - -<h3>COSTS LESS THAN ONE CENT A CUP</h3> - -<p class="center">Be sure that you get the</p> - -<p class="center">genuine article, made at</p> - -<h3>DORCHESTER, MASS.,</h3> - -<h4>By WALTER BAKER & CO., Ltd.</h4> - -<p class="center">Established 1780.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>Postage Stamps, &c.</h2> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 136px;"> -<img src="images/ill_033.jpg" width="136" height="147" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>STAMPS! 300 genuine mixed Victoria, Cape, India, Japan, Etc., with Stamp -Album, only 10c. New 96-page price-list <b>FREE</b>. Approval Sheets, 50% com. -Agents Wanted. We buy old U.S. & Conf. Stamps & Collections. <b>STANDARD -STAMP CO., St. Louis, Mo., Established 1885.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 153px;"> -<img src="images/ill_034.jpg" width="153" height="109" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p><b>ALBUM AND LIST FREE!</b> Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. <b>C. A. Stegmann</b>, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><b>104</b> all different, Bolivia, &c., 10c. Finest approval sheets at 50% -discount. Agents wanted. 1897 price-list free. Shaw Stamp & Coin Co., -Jackson, Mich.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER</b> circular sent FREE. Write now. <b>F. J. STANTON, -Norwich, N. Y.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>FREE!</b> Sample P'k (250) Stamp Hinges with New Stamp List. <span class="smcap">Dover & Co</span>., -St. Louis, Mo.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center">U.S. Postage and Rev. Fine approval sheets. Agts. wanted.</p> - -<h4>P. S. CHAPMAN, Box 151, Bridgeport, Ct.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b>55</b> Foreign Stamps, Shanghai, Costa Rica, Bolivia, etc. 3c. H. L. -ASHFIELD, 767 Prospect Av., N. Y.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>BOYS & GIRLS</h2> - -<p>make money selling my Household Article. Needed in every house. Send <b>4 -cents</b> in stamps for sample, and start to work. <b>C. D. BABCOCK, 71 Nassau -St., N. Y.</b></p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>PLAYS</h2> - -<p class="center">Dialogues, Speakers for School, Club and Parlor. Catalogue free.</p> - -<h4>T. S. DENISON, Publisher, Chicago, Ill.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>HOOPING-COUGH</h2> - -<h2>CROUP.</h2> - -<h3>Roche's Herbal Embrocation.</h3> - -<p>The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, <span class="smcap">W. Edward & Son</span>, Queen Victoria St., London, England. All -Druggists.</p> - -<h4>E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N. Y.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>MEFISTO SCARF PIN.</h2> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 400px;"> -<img src="images/ill_035.jpg" width="400" height="128" alt="" /> -</div> - -<p>A brand new joke: Mefisto's bulging eyes, bristling ears and ghastly -grin invite curiosity every time when worn on scarf or lapel, and it is -fully satisfied when by pressing the rubber ball concealed in your -inside pocket you souse your inquiring friend with water. Throws a -stream 30 feet; hose 16 in. long; 1½ inch ball; handsome -silver-oxidized face colored in hard enamel; worth 25c. as a pin and a -dollar as a joker; sent as a sample of our 3000 specialties with 112 -page catalogue post-paid for ONLY 15c.; 2 for 25c.; $1.40 Doz. AGENTS -Wanted.</p> - -<h4>ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO.,</h4> - -<h4>Dept. No. 62, 65 & 67 Cortlandt Street, New York City.</h4> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_448" id="Page_448">[Pg 448]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter" style="width: 347px;"> -<img src="images/ill_036.jpg" width="347" height="400" alt="" /> -<span class="caption">AN ALARMING CUSTOMER.<br /><br /> -THE WILD MARCH HARE. "<span class="smcap">Say, I'm wild! Give me a sedative, quick</span>!"</span> -</div> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>AN INGENIOUS DEFENCE.</h3> - -<p>An old darky was brought before a Southern magistrate, not long ago, -accused of stealing a neighbor's chickens when the nights were dark and -no one stirred abroad. The old man put up a long but weak argument, -seizing upon every possible straw to support his defence. The evidence -was too strong, however, and matters were rapidly approaching a climax -that meant a month of idleness in the town jail. The thought of this and -the attendant ignominy stirred the old darky to a point where he did -nothing but splutter out,</p> - -<p>"'Pon my honor, jedge, Ise—er—Ise didn't done take 'em."</p> - -<p>At last the judge grew tired, and was about to sentence him, when a -broad smile illuminated the darky's face as he cried out,</p> - -<p>"I's got it, jedge; Ise can prove an alibi 'bout dem chickens."</p> - -<p>"Well, what is it?" exclaimed the judge.</p> - -<p>"You see, jedge, no poor colored man could take dem chickens at -night-time."</p> - -<p>"How's that?—what do you mean?"</p> - -<p>"'Cause, jedge, dey's nothin' but roosters at night, and de charge am dat -I took chickens."</p> - -<p>The ingenuity of the defence won the day.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>NO DUPLICITY HERE.</h3> - -<p>The story is told of an English and an Irish trooper who were scouting -against the Matabele in South Africa recently. A band of savages -suddenly burst from behind some rocks and started for the men. They -jumped upon their horses and fled over the rough country, but the -Irishman kept falling to the rear of his companion.</p> - -<p>"Confound you, Mike!" exclaimed the Englishman; "ride, ride for your -life! You'll be caught!"</p> - -<p>"Go 'long wid you!" replied the Irish trooper, who was doing his best; -"do you think I'm throwin' the race?"</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>ONE OF THE FAMILY.</h3> - -<p>It may interest some of our readers to glance through this short -characteristic sketch of James Seymour, born in London in 1702, which is -more strongly impressive than many longer memoirs. The fact that he -displayed a fondness for drawing and painting in boyhood, and -subsequently gained celebrity by his skill in designing horses, is too -well known to comment upon. Once the proud Duke of Somerset employed -Seymour to paint a room at his seat in Sussex with the portraits of his -running-horses. Having admitted the artist to his table, he one day -drank to him, saying,</p> - -<p>"Cousin Seymour, your health."</p> - -<p>The painter replied, "My lord, I really believe that I have the honor of -being of your Grace's family."</p> - -<p>This hurt the pride of the Duke so much that he rose from the table and -ordered his Steward to pay Seymour and dismiss him. Finding, however, -that no one in England could complete the pictures begun, he -condescended to send for his cousin. The painter responded to the -message in these words:</p> - -<p>"My lord, I will now prove that I am of your Grace's family, for I won't -come."</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>ENOUGH FOR HIM.</h3> - -<p>The approach of St. Patrick's day reminds one of a little incident, -laughable enough, that took place during last year's parade in New York. -The gallant sons of Ireland had turned out resplendent in their green -regalias, marching with proud step to the music of the band. Those on -horses cantered along as best as the legs of their weak-spirited nags -would permit. One jovial son had considerable trouble with his horse, -which seemed possessed with the insane idea that he was the whole -procession, much to the annoyance and at the same time amusement of the -other paraders. At last the animal, during one of its erratic movements, -caught a hoof in one of the stirrups. That settled it. With a look of -infinite disgust the rider exclaimed,</p> - -<p>"Faith, if yez are going to git up, me boy, thin it's toime for me to -git down." And he thereupon dismounted.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>EXPERIENCE.</h3> - -<p>"My daddy's awful good to me," said Jennie, "treats me just like I was -his sister."</p> - -<p>"Pulls your hair, does he?" asked Flossie, who has a brother.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>BOBBIE'S BILL.</h3> - -<p>Bobbie has been learning business methods recently, which may account -for a bill which his father found recently upon the breakfast table, -reading as follows:</p> - -<p> -<span style="margin-left: 34em;"><span class="smcap">New York</span>, <i>January</i> 15, 1897.</span><br /> -</p> - -<p><span class="smcap">Mr. Papa to Bobbie</span>, <i>Dr.</i></p> - -<div class="center"> -<table border="0" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" summary=""> -<tr><td align="left">For not paying him his allowance for three weeks, at 25 cents a week</td><td align="right">.75</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left">Interest at 6%</td><td align="right">.05</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="right">—-</td></tr> -<tr><td align="left"></td><td align="right">.80</td></tr> -</table></div> - -<p class="center">Please pay up!</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> - -<h3>AN ACCOMPLISHMENT.</h3> - -<p>"I can run faster than you can, Hal," bragged Jimmie.</p> - -<p>"That's all right," returned Harry; "but I can stand faster than you -can, and when war breaks out they'll think more of me than they will of -you."</p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - -***** This file should be named 60823-h.htm or 60823-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/8/2/60823/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms -of the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll -have to check the laws of the country where you are located before using -this ebook. - - - -Title: Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897 - -Author: Various - -Release Date: December 1, 2019 [EBook #60823] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - - - - -Produced by Annie R. McGuire - - - - - - - - -[Illustration: HARPER'S ROUND TABLE] - -Copyright, 1897, by HARPER & BROTHERS. All Rights Reserved. - - * * * * * - -PUBLISHED WEEKLY. NEW YORK, TUESDAY, MARCH 2, 1897. FIVE CENTS A COPY. - -VOL. XVIII.--NO. 905. TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. - - * * * * * - - - - -[Illustration] - -THE BATTLE OF OPEQUAN CREEK. - -BY RICHARD BARRY. - - -General Sheridan, despite the reputation he had gained for dashing, -reckless bravery, was withal a cautious commander. He did not believe in -making long forced marches and hurling tired troops at an intrenched -enemy. The success of a charge, in his mind, was due entirely to the -freshness of the men, the fierceness of the onslaught, and the surprise -occasioned to the enemy by sudden and unexpected movement. - -Early in the month of September, 1864, Sheridan's army was encamped in -the hills looking down into the little valley of the Opequan, a small, -crooked stream about four miles from the town of Winchester. On the -opposite side of the creek the Confederate army under General Early was -intrenched in a strong position. The banks of the stream were steep and -the crossings deep, requiring much care in fording. - -For more than ten days the two armies fronted each other without sign of -an advance on either part. But Early was on the defensive, and Sheridan -was preparing a plan of attack that it was hoped would rout him -completely; and if everything had worked to his entire satisfaction, it -might have resulted in the capture of the whole Confederate army before -the forces had time to fall back upon Winchester. By the afternoon of -the 18th these plans had been perfected; the commanders of divisions -and the cavalry leaders had received their orders. The privates knew -from the hurrying of orderlies and the sending of despatches that they -would soon be on the move. There was little sleep that night for the -blue-clad men. Ammunition was dealt out, tents were struck, and troopers -and infantry lay down with their arms beside them. At 2 A.M. word was -passed for the regiment to fall in line, and the great advance was -begun. General Merritt's cavalry was ordered to proceed to the Opequan -and cross at the fords near the bridge of the Winchester and Potomac -Railroad. Merritt was ordered to cross at daylight, to turn to the left -and attack the Confederate flank. - -General Wilson's division, followed by the infantry, was to clear the -crossings of the Opequan on the road leading from Berryville to -Winchester. South of the town was Abraham's Creek; it emptied into the -Opequan and flanked the line of the Confederate intrenchments. On the -north was a similar creek, named the Red Bud, which served the same -purpose. Along these natural fortifications, and spreading across the -rise of ground on the farther side of the Opequan, lay the whole force -of Early's army. It was Sheridan's intention to take the centre first -and overthrow it before the rest of the Confederate army, which was -somewhat scattered, could come up to its assistance. - -As it is of the cavalry's work in this fight that this short paper -treats, it is best to move at once to the right of the Union line, where -the mounted forces were expected to ford the creek. - -It was almost pitch dark, and a few minutes after two in the morning, -when the Second United States Cavalry, under the command of Captain -T. F. Rodenbough, moved with the reserve brigade of the First Cavalry -Division down the sloping ground toward the valley of the stream. -Early's outposts and pickets were met some time before the ford was -reached. There were a few hasty shots exchanged in the darkness, without -any damage being done, and then the mounted pickets crossed to the -safety of their own lines on the farther side. - -A small force of the Union cavalry was dismounted on the road, and the -outbuildings of a farm-house were occupied by a reserve force; while the -regiment was deployed, mounted, in the fields to the right and left of -the ruins of the old railroad bridge. Nothing was standing of this -structure but the stone abutments. The bridge that crossed the creek -diagonally to the roadway had been destroyed, but the water was fordable -on either side. Now the forces waited for daylight. Long before the sun -rose, as the dim light spread and widened, the enemy's infantry pickets -could be seen hurriedly making preparations to resist any attempt at -crossing on the part of the waiting cavalry. - -The bank of the creek was very steep and thickly wooded. The leaves were -yet on the trees, and the dark masses of armed men could be seen -distinctly here and there in the few clearings. The railroad entered the -hill-side through a deep cut, forming a ready-made intrenchment for the -enemy's infantry and riflemen. One of the stone abutments and the -adjoining pier were close to the entrance of the cut, and formed an -angle with a wooded bluff directly in line with it. - -Despite the fact that the men had been in the saddle almost the whole -night, they were keen to move; and before sunrise General Merritt, in -command of the First Division, ordered Colonel Lowell, who led the -reserve brigade, to carry the ford and effect a lodgement on the farther -bank. At once Colonel Lowell dismounted a portion of his command, and -with a cheer the men dashed into the water, and holding their carbines -high above their heads, plashed through the stream, many standing -waist-deep and replying to the fire that was poured into them. The Fifth -United States Cavalry and a portion of the Second Massachusetts infantry -followed at once. - -Rodenbough, who had been waiting with his men in one of the fields on -the hill-side, received his orders to move. With a loud shout the -regiment charged down the side of the hill to one side of the slowly -advancing men on foot, dashed pell-mell through the ford, and, in the -face of a terrible fire from the enemy's infantry, swept up the opposite -incline on a dead run, making for the railway cut, where the -Confederates were completely hidden from the Union fire. - -The Second had by this time made the solid ground, and charged also, -without firing a shot until it gained the crest of the cut. The -Confederates, who had not expected such an onslaught, threw down their -arms as the mounted men poured over the sides of the embankment down -upon them. Many started to run, but were taken prisoners, and it was a -joyful sight for the commander of the cavalry to notice, as he reformed -his line, that there were but few saddles empty. But in the early -advance, before Rodenbough's cavalry had reached the crossing, the -musket fire concentrated upon the ford was simply terrific. - -Colonel W. H. Harrison, late Captain of the Second Cavalry, describes an -experience through which no man would like to pass a second time. - -"Lieutenant Wells, myself, and two orderlies, mounted, were -unfortunately imprisoned in the archway between the abutment and -adjacent pier on the enemy's side, the bullets, hot from the muzzles of -their guns, striking the abutment, pier, and water like leaden hail. We -were face to face with the enemy, yet powerless to harm him. Our only -salvation was to hug the abutment until that portion of the regiment -immediately on our left had gained the crest of the cut. Minutes were -long drawn out, and in a fit of impatience Lieutenant Wells rashly -attempted to take a peep beyond the corner of the abutment, thus -exposing his horse, which instantly received a serious wound in the -shoulder. The writer, with equal rashness, attempted to recross the -creek, and when in the middle of it heartily wished himself under the -protection of his good friend the abutment, the bullets being so -neighborly and so fresh from the musket as to have that peculiar sound -incident to dropping water on a very hot stove. Suddenly the cheers of -our men apprised us that the crest of the cut had been gained and a -portion of the enemy's infantry captured." - -By the time the sun was up above the trees, the reserve brigade had -gained the coveted position across the Opequan, connecting with Custer's -forces on the left, which had gallantly carried the ford three-quarters -of a mile below. - -And now the roll of musketry and the thunder of cannon let every one -know that the main infantry line under General Sheridan had commenced -action. It was a cheerful sound to those on the flank, who had no -inkling of how matters were going on either side of them. The advance -was made at an eager pace, and confidence and determination were evident -from the looks and actions of the officers and men. But the enemy fell -back a few miles toward Winchester, and it was not until almost noon -that any resistance was met with, except for the occasional shots of the -pickets and rear-guard. - -It was about this hour that Sheridan's forces were ready to advance -along the entire line. Early had gathered all his strength and met them -with a terrific fire. The battle raged with the greatest fury. Both -sides were now fighting in open sight of each other, and the slaughter -was dreadful, especially at the centre. General Merritt, whose cavalry -had been following the Confederate General Breckenridge, charged again, -and drove their broken cavalry through the infantry line, which he -struck first in the rear, and afterwards face to face as it charged -front to meet him. General Devin charged with his brigade, and turning, -sought the shelter of the main force, bringing with him three battle -flags and more than three hundred prisoners. - -A line of the enemy's infantry was perceived at the edge of the heavy -belt of timber, protected by rail barricades which they had hastily -constructed on their front. Here they had evidently determined upon -making a stand, for they waved their battle flags and showed in such -considerable numbers that the cavalry line halted before them. As a -critic of this battle has said, it seemed almost foolhardy to charge a -line of infantry so well posted and protected, but the First Brigade and -the Second United States Cavalry, at the word "Forward! Charge!" dashed -across an open field and through a tangle of underbrush, and in the -face of a fearful fire poured into them, rode straight up to the -barricade. But, alas! it was but a brilliant display of courage and -determination. None of the flaunting battle flags was captured, and the -broken remnant was obliged to retire hastily and in some disorder to -their comrades who had watched their gallant effort. - -A thrilling little incident happened in this charge, although it had -lasted but a few minutes. When within a few yards of the barricades, -Captain Rodenbough, who was well in advance, had his horse shot under -him, killed almost in his tracks. His men swept by him full tilt to the -line of wooden breastworks, and as they turned to ride back over the -same ground, Orderly Sergeant Schmidt of Company K, mounted on a -powerful gray horse, noticed his commander disentangling himself from -his fallen mount. The sergeant rode up, reining in with difficulty, -helped Captain Rodenbough to clamber up behind him, and, carrying -double, the good charger crossed the open space in safety. But let an -eye-witness tell the story of the last charge of the day, when the -entire division was formed, and rode together knee to knee at the -well-intrenched barrier and the double line of the enemy, who certainly -had the advantage of position. - -"It was well towards four o'clock, and though the sun was warm, the air -was cool and bracing. The ground to our front was open and level, in -some places as smooth as a well-cut lawn. Not an obstacle intervened -between us and the enemy's line, which was distinctly seen nervously -awaiting our attack. The brigade was in column of squadrons, the Second -United States Cavalry in front. - -"At the sound of the bugle we took the trot, the gallop, and then the -charge. As we neared their line we were welcomed by a fearful musketry -fire, which temporarily confused the leading squadron, and caused the -entire brigade to oblique slightly to the right. Instantly officers -cried out, 'Forward! Forward!' The men raised their sabres, and -responded to the command with deafening cheers. Within a hundred yards -of the enemy's line we struck a blind ditch, but crossed it without -breaking our front. In a moment we were face to face with the enemy. -They stood as if awed by the heroism of the brigade, and in an instant -broke in complete rout, our men sabring them as they vainly sought -safety in flight. In this charge the battery and many prisoners were -captured. Our own loss was severe, and of the officers of the Second, -Captain Rodenbough lost an arm and Lieutenant Harrison wag taken -prisoner. - -"It was the writer's misfortune to be captured, but not until six -hundred yards beyond where the enemy was first struck, and when -dismounted in front of their second line by his horse falling. Nor did -he suffer the humiliation of a surrender of his sabre, for as he fell to -the ground with stunning force its point entered the sod several inches, -wellnigh doubling the blade, which, in its recoil, tore the knot from -his wrist, flying many feet through the air. - -"Instantly a crowd of cavalry and infantry officers and men surrounded -him, vindictive and threatening in their actions, but unable to repress -such expressions as these: 'Great heavens! what a fearful charge!' 'How -grandly you sailed in!' 'What brigade?' 'What regiment?' As the reply -proudly came, 'Reserve Brigade, Second United States Cavalry,' they -fairly tore his clothing off, taking his gold watch and chain, -pocket-book, cap, and even spurs, and then turned him over to four -infantrymen. What a translation--yea, transformation! The confusion, -disorder, and actual rout produced by the successive charges of -Merritt's First Cavalry Division would appear incredible did not the -writer actually witness them. To the right, a battery, with guns -disabled and caissons shattered, was trying to make to the rear, the men -and horses impeded by broken regiments of cavalry and infantry. To the -left, the dead and wounded in confused masses around their field -hospitals--many of the wounded, in great excitement, seeking shelter in -Winchester. Directly in front an ambulance, the driver nervously -clutching the reins, while six men, in great alarm, were carrying to it -the body of General Rhodes. Not being able to account for the bullets -which kept whizzing past, the writer turned and faced our own lines to -discover the cause and, if possible, to catch a last sight of the stars -and stripes. - -"The sun was well down in the west, mellowing everything with that -peculiar golden hue which is the charm of our autumn days. To the left, -our cavalry were forming for another and final charge. To the right -front, our infantry, in unbroken line, in the face of the enemy's deadly -musketry, with banners unfurled, now enveloped in smoke, now bathed in -the golden glory of the setting sun, were seen slowly but steadily -pressing forward. Suddenly, above the almost deafening din and tumult of -the conflict, an exultant shout broke forth, and simultaneously our -cavalry and infantry line charged. As he stood on tiptoe to see the -lines crash together, himself and guards were suddenly caught in the -confused tide of a thoroughly beaten army--cavalry, artillery, and -infantry--broken, demoralized, and routed, hurrying through Winchester." - - * * * * * - -RING AROUND THE ROSY. - -Jack was sitting quietly by the fire the other day, doing no harm to -anybody, when a young person who thought well of himself rushed in and -attacked him with the assertion, "You can't do that!" - -The boy held out a card, upon which was drawn a dot in the centre of a -circle, and repeated his challenge: - -"You can't draw that figure without taking your pencil off the paper!" - -[Illustration] - -Jack looked up and smiled. He bent one end of the card over, made a dot -with his pencil on the face of it just at the margin of the part folded -over, after which he moved the pencil across the overlying paper to the -point where he wished to begin his circle; then he let the line slip off -on to the face of the card, allowed the bent-over portion to fly back, -and finished the "ring around the rosy" without once taking his pencil -off the paper. This done, he handed the card to his friend, and went on -studying the fire, without a word. It is great to be great! - - * * * * * - -HE TOOK ONE LOAD. - -It is reported of the late William H. Vanderbilt that his father, the -Commodore, did not give his son, when a young man, much credit for -business ability. Absolute verification of this is doubtful, but a good -story is told of an incident wherein the son proved that he too carried -in his head some of the astuteness in commercial intercourse that his -father possessed. The Commodore presented him with a farm on Staten -Island, informing him that he might live there, and to make the land -pay, as that was all he cared to contribute towards the lad's support. A -short time later the Commodore inquired of his son how he was getting -along. - -"Not very good, father," the young man replied. "What I need badly is -some means of improving the earth." - -"Well, suppose you go up to my stables and get a load of refuse; but -mind, I shall only give you one load." - -"All right," replied the son, and he took one load; but, to the -astonishment of the Commodore, when he went to the stables they had been -entirely cleaned. - -"How many loads did that boy of mine cart away from here?" he inquired -of the stableman. - -"One, sir," replied that functionary; "but he carried the stuff away in -a _barge_, sir." - - - - -LIFE IN THE WHITE HOUSE. - -BY LUCY C. LILLIE. - - -Once in every four years one lady in the land is called upon to -undertake the most onerous of its social duties--those of mistress of -the White House--duties which, though attended by fewer formalities, are -scarcely less exacting than those of crowned Queen or Princess Royal in -a foreign court. Indeed, one may safely affirm that they are far more -fatiguing, since the lady of the White House must be equally courteous, -attentive, and considerate to all with whom she comes in contact, her -doorway excluding only the ragged or disorderly, Betsey Brown, from the -remotest village in Maine, enjoying the same right to call upon the -President's wife which belongs to the leading society belle of the day, -the male members of the two families having shared in electing their -President to his office of ruler of the nation. Simple, however, as the -etiquette of the White House may be, it is governed by certain rules and -customs handed down from one ruler to the next--modified or changed -according to the times, but in the main suggested by a spirit of -republican simplicity and cosmopolitan good-breeding. - -[Illustration: THE WHITE HOUSE.] - -The President's family occupy a suite of rooms as secluded as possible -from public view. They have their own staff of servants under a trained -steward and housekeeper; their own personal friends are received and -entertained with as much privacy as though the dwelling were not, in -part, an official residence. The "state apartments," open to the public -at fixed days and hours, include the Red Room, Blue Room, the galleries, -etc., about which is a romantic as well as historic interest; and in -turn various people are entertained therein as a matter of prescribed -formality. All Senators, Congressmen, and their wives and families, -foreign diplomats, visitors of any distinction, above and beyond all, -the "army and navy," are not only to be received, but during the short -winter season specially entertained, a series of dinners and receptions -being planned for this purpose. - -[Illustration: THE NURSERY.] - -And meanwhile, is there time, one asks, for much home life in the White -House? As a matter of fact, few home circles are more comfortably and -agreeably managed than that of the President's family, provided, of -course, the "all-ruling spirit"--the _mother_--has within herself that -gracious gift which makes the fireside of home a radiant centre. "Mrs. -President's" day can be very closely outlined, excepting, of course, -such incidents as may occur at any time to alter the programme or such -plans as result from her own personality, and unless she elects to add -to her domestic cares, she need have nothing whatever to do with -housekeeping matters. - -Breakfast in the White House from time immemorial has been a social -family gathering, and generally takes place about nine o'clock. After -this the President's wife usually goes for a drive, during which she -attends to any personal shopping, either visiting the shops herself or -sending in her maid with orders, and it is one of the unwritten laws, -closely adhered to, that every item purchased shall be scrupulously and -promptly paid for--the system of "patronage" so extensively adopted in -many foreign countries not holding good, thank fortune, in our -republican government. Unless she especially desires to do so, the -President's wife makes no calls, one rule of the administration being -the blessed one which prohibits her returning any visits. She is -therefore free from the terrible social bore and strain--a round of -formal calls. Returning from her morning drive, she may be called upon -to receive some guest who is invited to luncheon. - -The methods of approaching the mistress of the White House or its ladies -are pre-eminently simple. If the visitor has a special introduction, he -or she can send this by messenger, receiving an answer through one of -the President's secretaries. Generally a day and hour will be fixed for -the guest to call at the White House, when he or she will be received as -in any other mansion, the degree of formality being regulated by that of -the introduction. An invitation to luncheon or dinner may -follow--possibly to some afternoon drive or theatre party. On levee days -some of the ladies of the cabinet, or it may be wives of special members -of the Senate or Congress, the army or navy, etc., receive with the -President's wife, relieving her in part of the fatigue of these weekly -ceremonials. However, it is all so smoothly and agreeably managed that -in the course of many administrations the complaints of lack of -courtesy have been very few. - -[Illustration: MRS. CLEVELAND'S DRAWING-ROOM.] - -As I have said, the White House is replete with historic and romantic -interest. On October 13, 1792, its cornerstone was laid with Masonic -ceremonies, and seven years passed before its completion. The original -plan called for three stories, but the public raised the cry of economy, -and it was cut down to two stories and basement. The entire expense of -building the White House, including furnishings, repairs, etc., up to -the year 1814, amounted to the small sum of $334,000. - -It was first occupied just ninety-six years ago by President John Adams, -and various were the struggles to keep it in even ordinary repair. Mrs. -Adams, its first mistress, was dissatisfied with the place, and her -complaints were varied and numerous. She wrote that "the rooms were -large and barren, and that it took a great deal of money to keep them in -proper order. Everything is on too grand a scale." It is amusing to know -that this lady used what is now called the great state drawing-room to -dry the family linen in, stretching the clothes-lines from one wall to -another. - -[Illustration: A RECEPTION IN THE WHITE HOUSE.] - -After the decisive battle fought at Bladensburg, Maryland, in the war of -1812, the British advanced upon Washington. President Madison was in the -rear of the American lines, and seeing that the city was lost, he sent -word to his wife to escape. That noble lady's first thought was to save -Stuart's celebrated oil portrait of George Washington, which hung in the -White House. Hastening to the room, she had it taken from the wall and -carried to the retreating ranks of the American army, thus saving for -the republic one of its greatest art treasures. It was during this -invasion that the White House obtained its name from the coat of white -paint applied to its surface after the burning of its main building. -Numberless suggestions have been made to enlarge the official residence, -but the public objected. Its present occupation, doubtless, will end -with the close of the century and its hundred years of life, since the -needs and demands of the President's family and the public have outgrown -its proportions and capacity. But it will forever be associated with all -that has made our nation important. Tragedy has gone hand in hand with -festivity within its walls more than once. The great men of the country -have sat in its rooms in grimmest council, when the fate of the nation -hung in the balance of a decision that sent a messenger at daybreak -flying from the White House gates. Twice its doors have opened to -receive a murdered President, and again the joy bells have rung to honor -a bride, and a child born in its "purple," yet who lived to toil for her -daily bread far from friends and home. It cannot be parted with or even -altered carelessly, yet unquestionably its fate is sealed. With the -close of the century its story of a hundred years will be told. - - - - -THE PAINTED DESERT. - -A STORY OF NORTHERN ARIZONA. - -BY KIRK MUNROE, - -AUTHOR OF "RICK DALE," "THE FUR-SEAL'S TOOTH," "SNOW-SHOES AND SLEDGES," -"THE MATE SERIES," ETC. - - -CHAPTER III. - -LOST ON THE PAINTED DESERT. - -Filled with a determination not to become rattled by the perils -surrounding him, our young hunter at once proceeded to select a -camping-place and make his scanty preparations for passing the long -hours of darkness. With neither wood, water, nor grass to be seen in any -direction, and all places looking alike uninviting, the task was not -difficult. Dismounting, and leading his horse to a little recessed gully -at the foot of a steep bluff, which would at least afford a shelter from -the wind, Todd unsaddled, fastened the free end of the picket-rope to a -bowlder, cleared away the rocky fragments from a small space of level -sand, and unrolled his blankets. - -Thus the sorry camp was made; and as the poor boy contrasted it with the -one he had occupied but the night before--a camp of cheerful fires, -merry talk, an abundance of food, and an atmosphere of perfect -security--the horrors of his present position crowded upon him like -black forms, from which he recoiled with a shiver of apprehension. He -found in one of his pockets half a hard biscuit that remained from his -lunch of that day, and this, with a sup of lukewarm water from the -scanty supply still remaining in his canteen, formed his evening meal. -Then, with the saddle for a pillow and rifle by his side, he rolled -himself in his blankets and tried to sleep. - -For a long time he could not, and when he finally stepped into the land -of dreams they were of such an unhappy nature that he was thankful to -awake from them and find a faint dawn stealing over the weird landscape. -Both he and his pony were shivering with the chill of early morning when -he once more mounted and attempted to retrace his course of the previous -day. This, however, was soon given up as a fruitless task, for in that -region every prominent feature was reproduced over and over again with a -bewildering sameness. Then he sought for some one among the many -inaccessible sandstone bluffs by which he was surrounded that might be -climbed. Before he found such a one and gained its summit the sun was -high overhead, and blazing down with a pitiless heat. Still, on -attaining the desired elevation, the lad felt amply repaid, for not many -miles away he could plainly see a regular range of bluffs and the trees -that indicated a river. He could even catch glimpses here and there of -flashing waters. To be sure, these things did not lie in what he -believed to be the right direction; but recalling that lost persons -generally become turned about, he decided that this must have happened -in his case. Carefully noting the bearings of intervening objects, the -boy hastened down from his observatory, remounted, and began to urge his -unwilling steed over the new course thus laid out. - -For hours he travelled, wondering at the distance with each succeeding -mile, until finally, at the crest of a long and toilsome ascent, he -gained a point from which he again commanded a broad view of the -outlying country. Casting an eager glance in the direction he supposed -the river to be, the poor lad rubbed his eyes and looked again. Then, as -he realized the bitter truth that there was no river, and that he had -been the victim of a fleeting mirage, all his strength and energy seemed -to leave him, and he sank down on a fragment of rock as weak as a babe. -For some time he sat oblivious to his surroundings. He did not note the -wonderful scenery outspread as far as the eye could reach on all sides, -and upon which every other boy in the country would have considered it a -rare privilege to gaze. He had no thought save for his crushing -disappointment and his own melancholy condition. He was weak in body -from hunger, thirst, and fatigue, and heart-sick at remembrance of the -folly and disobedience that had brought him to such a pass. - -After a while a pull on the bridle-rein hanging across his arm roused -him and caused him to look up. His pony was pulling away, as though -impatient to be off. - -"I want to go as much as you do, old fellow," said the boy, sadly; "but -which way shall we turn?" - -Just then his eye lighted on a cluster of slender blue pinnacles rising -above a distant horizon, and appearing so different from all that -intervened as to seem like signs of friendly promise. At the same time -he saw, lying between him and them, a lovely rock-rimmed valley filled -with green grass and waving trees, and threaded by a sparkling stream of -water. - -The boy gazed eagerly at the beautiful picture; and then, as it became -blurred by dancing heat-waves, he closed his eyes wearily, muttering -that it was only an effect of imagination. In a minute he opened them -again, and saw the lovely valley as distinctly as before. - -"It may be real, and we'll make a try for it, at any rate," he said, -aloud, rising from the rock on which he had been sitting, and climbing -very slowly into the saddle. - -This time he was determined to gain frequent assurance that he was on -the right course. So, within half an hour after leaving the place from -which he had discovered the lovely valley, he fastened his pony by the -picket-rope to a miniature spire of sandstone, and clambered on foot to -the top of another elevated outlook. He hardly dared glance abroad, for -fear that all the things he had seen before would have vanished. No. -There at least were the slender blue peaks, looking as cool and -refreshing, but, alas! quite as distant as before. But where was the -green valley? It had disappeared, and in its place rose a range of tall -cliffs, like a great white wall, miles in length. - -It was a very cruel disappointment; but either the lad's senses were -becoming numbed by his sufferings or he had expected it, for he only -sighed wearily as he turned away. - -"The blue peaks are there, at any rate," he said to himself, as he -descended to the plain, "and I will make toward them. If I can reach -them, I know I shall be all right; and if I can't--well, I will die as -near to them as possible." - -When he regained the place where he had left his pony he had been absent -from it nearly, if not quite, an hour. Now it seemed as though he must -have made some mistake in retracing his steps, for the animal was -nowhere to be seen. There were his tracks, though, and there was the -slender shaft of rotten sandstone to which he had been fastened, freshly -broken off, and lying there upon the ground. - -"Oh, what a fool I am! What a poor blind fool!" groaned the boy, as the -full extent of this fresh disaster was made plain to him. "If I had only -let the brute have his head in the first place, he would have carried me -to the nearest water. I have often heard Mort say that a horse has a -better knowledge of such things than a man; and of course he knows, for -Mort knows everything. He knew that I was no more fit to take care of -myself than a child, and he knew I would get lost. Oh, why didn't he -send me back home, or tie me up, or do something to save me from my own -foolish self? The dear old fellow won't be bothered with me any more, -though, for we shall never meet again in this world. Poor Mort, how he -must be suffering! But I can't die here. I can't! It is too horrible! If -I could only reach those blue mountains. I wonder if there is the -slightest chance of it? I wonder how long a fellow can live and travel -without food or water? - -"Water! Oh, for a long cool drink of it! How gladly would I give the -wealth of the world to lie beside one of those springs that we passed a -day or two ago, and drink and drink and drink! Or the well at -grandfather's. Or the trout brook up in the Alleghanies. Or-- But I -mustn't think of such things or I shall go crazy, and that will be the -end of everything. I will make a try, though, for those blue mountains, -for I am sure there are springs and lovely streams in their dark cool -valley. If I can only reach them! Oh, what joy! And if I don't-- Well, I -will have done my best. Which way are they? Yes, I know--they are over -there, and if I walk all night and all day to-morrow I will surely come -to them by to-morrow night. Only twenty-four hours more, and I believe I -can hold out that long." - -So the poor lad started, and walked with uncertain steps through the -yielding sands in a direction that he believed would lead him to the -wished-for mountains. He could no longer see them, but he knew their -slender pinnacles were steadfastly uplifted like taper fingers beckoning -to him and promising pleasant things. - -Just before sunset he came to a broad opening between the clustering -mesas, through which he caught another glimpse of them, now tinged with -a rosy flush, and seeming more beautiful than before, but in a few -minutes the light faded and they were gone. Then, trembling with -weakness, the lad sat down and watched until a star rose where he had -last seen them, when, with it as a guide, he resumed his weary way. He -often stumbled, and sometimes he fell, but still he pushed on, until at -length his glittering beacon was obscured by black clouds. Then he sank -to the ground, without heart to rise again. - -For a long time he lay asleep or in a stupor, from which he might never -have awakened but for a shower of rain, that, falling on his upturned -face, roused him to consciousness. Eagerly sucking the precious fluid -from his saturated garments, and gaining fresh strength with every -life-giving drop, he waited for the dawn, and with the first hazy -glimpse of the far-away blue peaks he again staggered toward them. - -The sun rose and scorched him with its pitiless heat, until he seemed to -be treading coals of fire. Mirage after mirage danced before his -bewildered vision, with pictures of all things shady and cool and -refreshing, until his eye-sight failed him, and he groped his way amid a -darkness shot by glowing sparks. The last thing of which he was -conscious was a great white wall that seemed to rise to the sky before -him, and stretch to infinity on either side. It seemed to shut him off -completely from the blue peaks he had striven so bravely to gain, and -apparently presented an effectual barrier to any further progress. - -In that last moment his head was splitting, his brain was on fire, his -mouth and throat were like molten brass, his whole body was racked with -pain, and his feet were like leaden weights. Then all sense of suffering -was lost in a delicious laughter, and he seemed to be floating through -infinite space that was filled with the music of rippling waters. - - -CHAPTER IV. - -IN THE SHADOW OF THE GREAT WHITE MESA. - -For many hours Todd Chalmers slept heavily and dreamlessly, like one who -will never again awaken. He had wandered blindly with reeling steps for -some time after losing a consciousness of his surroundings, and had thus -unwittingly penetrated a deep cleft of the great white wall that was the -last thing upon which his despairing gaze had rested. At the inner end -of this recess he stumbled and fell over a fragment of rock. There he -lay through the long night in what was, to all appearance, his last -sleep. - -That it was not was owing wholly to his youth and the wonderful vitality -of a splendid constitution. Not more than one person in a thousand would -have lived to see another daylight under the circumstances; but our lad -was that one, and at length he began to show signs of returning life. He -moaned, shivered, and finally opened his eyes. For many minutes he lay -motionless, striving to remember what had happened and where he was. - -At length he slowly and painfully sat up. His head ached as though it -would split, his eyes were blurred, his lips and tongue were swollen, -and his limbs were heavy as lead. Still, his long rest, together with -the chill of the night just passed, had restored him to life and to a -certain degree of strength. - -Now, with the encouragement of even a slight amount of hope, he would be -ready to renew his struggle against the death that had so nearly -overpowered him. - -Thus thinking, Todd withdrew his eyes from the picture of glistening -desolation disclosed through the narrow entrance of the cavern, and -began listlessly to examine his more immediate surroundings. Slowly his -gaze roved over the hopeless walls of rock, that rose so high as to be -lost in gloom, and it was not until he had turned so as to look squarely -behind him that he found anything to arrest his attention. Then his -curiosity was aroused by a gleam of reflected light coming from beyond -and over a rocky barrier that formed a rear wall of the cavern. This -barrier did not appear to be more than ten or twelve feet high, while -above it was an open space of a few feet more, through which streamed -the light that indicated an opening of some kind beyond. - -Whatever might lie in that direction, it could not be worse than the -desert over which he had come, and it might be better. Of course that -was not at all likely, for he did not believe there was anything but -desert in that country. Still, it was worth investigating, and as Todd -did not feel strong enough to stand, he crawled painfully to the barrier -and up its easy slope. - -[Illustration: HE GAZED LONG BEFORE HE COULD BELIEVE.] - -Arrived at the top, and looking through the opening, he was greeted by a -sight so amazing that he gazed at it for nearly a minute in breathless -incredulity before he could believe in its reality. Instead of the -desert that he had expected, it seemed as though the very gates of -heaven had been suddenly opened to him. - -Outspread before his astonished eyes was one of the loveliest valleys in -the world, filled with flowers, green grass, and waving trees. It was -not more than half a mile in width, and was bounded on the further side -by another lofty wall of white rock, similar to the one he had just -penetrated. The same wall extended entirely around the upper end of the -valley, which Todd could see on his left, though to the right it -stretched away beyond his range of vision, still enclosed by parallel -walls of sheer cliffs. Though most of it still lay in cool shadow, -certain portions of the verdant landscape were already sparkling in the -morning sunlight, and from all sides came the joyous song of birds. No -smoke rose from any part of the valley that he could see, neither was -there any sign of human habitation nor sound of voices. All was as fresh -and peaceful as though it were a new creation; but even if he had been -confronted by opposing ranks of enemies, Todd would not have hesitated -to scramble down the opposite slope and enter what still seemed to him -the vale of enchantment. Its abounding verdure indicated the presence of -water, for which our poor lad was longing so desperately that he would -have thrown away life itself in an effort to obtain it. - -He had already regained the use of his limbs, and after a minute of -gazing, amazed and incredulous, he started in search of the life-giving -fluid, instantly forgetful of feebleness, aches, pains, and everything -else save the awful thirst by which he was choked. So concentrated were -his thoughts upon this one subject that he failed to realize that he was -following a distinctly marked pathway. Such was the fact, however, and -after a hundred yards it led him to the edge of that most beautiful -thing in all the world, especially when found in a land of deserts, a -spring of pure cool water. It bubbled up from a bed of exquisitely -colored sand, and was neatly walled about with rock. - -It was fortunate that Todd plunged his whole head into the spring in his -frantic eagerness to drink of its water, for he was compelled to -withdraw it, gasping for breath before he had drunk a tenth part of what -he craved. Much as he longed to drink, and drink until he could hold no -more, he had sense enough to realize the danger of such a proceeding, -and the strength of will to restrain himself. So he only lay beside the -delicious spring, bathing his face and dabbling his hands in it, taking -moderate drinks at half-minute intervals, and feeling with each one a -new life coursing through his veins. - -For an hour he remained thus in perfect contentment, devoutly thankful -for his wonderful deliverance from an awful death, and gaining strength -with every minute. Then the sensation of thirst gave way to that of -hunger. He had not thought of it before, but now he knew that he was -starving, and must eat something, even if it were only grass. So he -stood up and looked about him, recognizing for the first time that he -had followed a trail which still extended beyond the spring, beside a -stream that rippled merrily from it toward the centre of the valley. -Looking in that direction, Todd caught glimpses through the trees of a -pool or pond fed by the stream, and toward it he now made his way. - -Although in the desperation of thirst he had rushed recklessly forward -in search of water, he now proceeded with all the caution that his -hunger would permit. The path that he was following and the artificial -walling of the spring indicated so plainly the presence of human beings -in the valley that he could not neglect the warning thus conveyed. "Of -course," he argued to himself, "none but Indians could live in so -isolated and out-of-the-world place as this, and while they might prove -friendly, the chances are that they might shoot in the flurry of a -sudden discovery. So I'll try and see them before giving them a chance -to see me." - -Advancing thus slowly, and peering eagerly ahead, he had gone but a -short distance, when he was startled by the sight of a house, or rather -a stone hut, only a short distance in front of him, and near the pool he -had already noticed. For several minutes he stood motionless, regarding -it closely; then, as it presented no sign of being occupied, he moved -cautiously forward until he could command a view of its doorway, which -was closed by a curtain of skins. The walls of the hut were low, and a -stone chimney projected from its roof of coarse thatch. - -It did not look to our lad exactly like an abode of Indians, nor yet -like that of a white man, and he wondered what race of people would -greet him when his presence should be discovered. He called twice, -"Hello the house!" but receiving no answer, stepped softly to the door -and looked in. The hut was empty, and Todd drew the curtain well back, -so as to obtain plenty of light for an examination of its interior. - -A fireplace, a rude table, two equally rude stools, a bunk filled with -skins, and also a few earthenware vessels of crude design constituted -its sole furniture. The young explorer examined these things carefully, -in the hope of discovering something to eat; but, to his intense -disappointment, he did not find so much as a kernel of corn. Nor could -he learn anything concerning those to whom the hut belonged. Everything -was sufficiently primitive to be the work of Indians, and yet he had -seen equally rude furnishings in the cabins of certain white men whom he -had remembered. - -That the hut had been recently occupied was shown by fresh ashes in the -fireplace, and by a jug of water that stood on the table. Who could its -owners be? What had become of them? How would they treat him when they -discovered his invasion of their premises? And where did they store all -their provisions?--were questions that the boy asked himself over and -over again. Above all, what was he to do for something to eat? For he -was now suffering almost as much from hunger as he had from thirst an -hour before. As he gazed moodily at the cold embers of the fireplace, -deliberating these questions, he was startled by the sound of feet just -outside the hut, and a voice, apparently that of a child, calling -plaintively for its mother. - -"The folks have come home," he said to himself, "and in another minute -my fate will be decided." At the same time he stepped resolutely to the -doorway and looked out. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -[Illustration: STANDARDS IN MODERN LITERATURE - -EDMUND GOSSE] - - -A few months ago one of the youngest of the group of eccentric writers -who call themselves "Symbolists" was paying a visit to London. The -conversation in a drawing-room happened to run on the province of the -Franche-Comte, and the guest remarked, as a curious circumstance, that -no poet had ever come from that part of France. Somebody ventured to -murmur the name of Victor Hugo. "Ah! sir," replied the young Symbolist, -with a charming air of deprecation, "but we don't consider Victor Hugo a -poet!" It is obvious that, for the present at least, this particular -expression of opinion will remain rare; it was conceived in the very -foppery of paradox, of course. But it is quite conceivable that such a -judgment might spread, might become common, might become authoritative -and universal. To our generation, at all events, Victor Hugo has -appeared to be the typical poet; he and Tennyson have been named side by -side as the very types of the imaginative creator, as purveyors of -inexhaustible poetic pleasure. That is what we have all thought; but -suppose that our grandchildren determine to think the opposite, what is -to be done? Manifestly we shall be too old to whip them and too weary to -argue with them. If they decide that Victor Hugo was not a poet, that -Dickens was not amusing, that Hawthorne wrote bad novels, we shall have -to go, indignant, to our tombs, but our indignation will not convert the -younger generation. - -So far as the history of the world has yet proceeded, the standards in -literature have not been overturned in this rapid and revolutionary -manner. But nowadays, if things once begin to move, they move fast, and -we must be prepared for changes. In the parallel art of painting we have -seen the most violent and apparently the most final reversals of the -standards. It is very difficult to believe that various schools of art -which have enjoyed great popularity in the course of the present -century, and have fallen, will ever be revived. I had an uncle who -purchased the works of Mr. Frost, R.A., and a very bad bargain it has -proved to his family. Nothing is so deathly cold as the public interest -to-day in Frost; his brown satyrs and his wax-white nymphs, with -floating pink scarfs insufficiently concealing them, are not worth -sixpence now. We do not, as I have said, see these violent upheavals in -literature yet. No author who was praised and valued when Hilton or -Frost or George Jones were thought to be great masters of painting has -passed so utterly out of repute as they have. Hitherto, if a man of -letters has contrived to secure a certain amount of respect, the public -interest in him may dwindle, but it never quite disappears. Every now -and then somebody "revives" him, his poems are reprinted and praised, -his correspondence is published, he is respectfully admitted to have -been "somebody." - -The first standard in literary matters is, obviously, excellence in -execution. In other words, to write singularly well, and to be -recognized as doing so, is to achieve fame, though not necessarily -popularity. But in using the word "standard" we accept the idea, not -merely of individual excellence, but of comparison with others. In -coinage, for instance, that is called the standard which unites in what -is practically found to be the most useful combination the elements of -precise weight and fineness. Again, there is a technical sense in which -a "standard" is a type of which all other measures or instruments of the -same kind must be exact copies. In yet another signification a standard -is an ensign or flag carried on high in front of a marching army for its -encouragement and stimulus. We have to consider in what degree, and how, -without forcing language, we can form a conception of a literary -standard of excellence in style which shall unite these various -definitions. - -The precision of the eighteenth century offers us a very clear example -of the way in which the first of these ideas can be adapted to literary -illustration. When it was determined by universal consent to bind all -poetical writing down to set laws, and what was supposed to be the -precept of Aristotle, there was at first no modern standard of style. -The great object was to emulate the Latin poets; but as these writers -had used not merely another language, but other prosodical effects, a -different order of moral ideas, and totally distinct imagery, it was -necessary to find a modern substitute for imitation. Various English -poets wrote with force, but they lacked delicacy; others had fineness, -but with an insufficiency of weight. At length Pope came, who accepted -the theories of style which were current in his day, and acted upon them -with a more perfect balance of the qualities they demanded than any one -had done before him or has done since. The best parts of Pope's -writings, therefore, created a standard, and one which was of paramount -influence for nearly a century. - -Again, those who invent forms of writing which are accepted by the world -of letters as valuable additions to what we may call the tools of the -author's trade, create standards in the second sense of the word. There -does not appear to be an indefinite degree to which these forms can be -created, and when once perfected they often remain for centuries -unaltered. For instance, when an early Tuscan poet, of the age of Dante, -invented the sonnet as we now possess it, he made a thing which has been -proved to be the best possible of its sort. Ingenious people, in various -languages, for centuries past, have tried to alter the form of the -sonnet, to add to it, to retrench it; all their suggestions have proved -vain, and it remains, in the best hands, exactly what its old Italian -maker devised it in a moment of inspiration. In a lesser degree, the -forms of prose are the result of invention and adaptation, and can be -referred back, more or less indefinitely, to a standard or type. Thus -the short story has certain limitations of length and character which -distinguish it from a novel or a play or a lecture, and in discussing -the merits of an example of this species of literature, we unconsciously -hold before our minds a norm or ideal of what a short story should be. -If we speak of it as highly successful, we think of it as a close copy -in form of a typical short story which should be universally -acknowledged as the best in every technical respect. - -The third definition of a standard is one which may without difficulty -be applied to literature, but which is really a little more dangerous to -deal with than the preceding. If the standard is to be an ensign or flag -carried at the head of an army, we are confronted with an idea which is -less durable than those which we have considered. For if the army -marches with drums and trumpets, and all flags flying, it may not only -march to defeat instead of victory, but it may alter its direction, and -march back with no less pomp and noise than it marched forward. In these -conditions, its ensigns, instead of representing a fixed purpose, may be -the standards of irresolution and vacillation. We can find an exact -literary parallel for this in European taste in the seventeenth century. -The cleverness and fancy of writers, in prose and verse, and almost in -every country, led them to adopt methods of writing which strained to -the utmost the powers of language. Poetry, instead of being content to -walk and run, turned somersaults on the trapeze. As long as this was -done by very graceful and nimble intellectual athletes it gave great -pleasure, and the world of letters seemed marching to victory under this -ensign of imaginative acrobatism. But it speedily proved to have been a -mistake; the graceful athletes gave place to grotesque contortionists, -and the army of writers retreated in confusion, but slowly, doggedly, -and under the same standards of taste. There was no other way back to -health but to discard the existing ideals altogether; they were too -obstinately fixed in men's minds to make it possible to modify them. - -If we are to form any opinion with regard to that question of the -literary standard, which democratic habits of thought tend to make every -day a more dangerous one, it is manifest that we must regard it from -these three points of view, or from a combination of them. The taste of -the public is a floating, a vague impression of an amateur body with -regard to a matter which is more precisely and sharply defined by a -consensus of experts. But the experts themselves are not united, and the -precision of their views only tends to darken counsel and reduce opinion -to chaos. Unhappily a piece of literature cannot be assayed mechanically -like a piece of coinage. Under the strictest rules that ever were -enacted and a regime the most academic conceivable, there will never be -anything like unanimity regarding the excellence of a literary product. -All we can hope to reach is a general agreement of the best-trained -minds, recurrent for so many generations as to become practically -durable. - -Even in the most ancient cases, where it would be supposed that opinion -would finally have crystallized, we observe curious oscillations. Homer, -it is true, is accepted by all critics, in all nations, as the final -standard of what is admirable in heroic narrative poetry, and has for -centuries been so accepted. But what is the standard of Greek tragedy? -The study of classic criticism will show us that the standard has been -incessantly shifting from AEschylus to Sophocles and on to Euripides and -back again to AEschylus. If we wish to point to an authoritative type, we -must consider this triad as one, since no two generations agree as to -their comparative, though all to their positive merit. In like manner, -the relative value of Virgil and Theocritus, of Horace and Catullus, is -always shifting, according as the quality of the one or of the other -happens to appeal to one or to another habit of modern thought. Yet -antiquity obviously provides us with a standard of bucolic poetry, and -another of subjective and semi-social lyric, each of them settled now -beyond any probability of decay. People will go on preferring Theocritus -to Virgil, or Virgil to Theocritus, but no rational person is likely to -question again the excellence of the species of art of which these two -are the leading exponents. So there are those who prefer Dryden to Pope, -or Coleridge to Wordsworth, and to whom neither seem to present the -complete practitioner of a system. Yet no one denies, and it grows -increasingly probable that no one will ever deny, the authority of the -Pope-Dryden or of the Wordsworth-Coleridge standard of excellence, final -and unquestionable, in a particular department. Opinion, that is to say, -wavers as to the individual long after it has irrevocably accepted the -type. - -In all consideration of the past we find ourselves securely guided by -the test of technical excellence. Nothing else has preserved the -principal writers of antiquity in esteem. Mr. Lowell called style "the -great antiseptic"; good writing, in other words, is the only chemical -product which can prevent literature from corrupting and fading away. In -the days of Shakespeare there were a dozen writers who had a just right -to consider themselves more "serious seekers after truth" than the -playwright of Stratford, for they discussed graver subjects and brought -forward a weightier array of facts. Their very names are now forgotten, -while his pages grow more brilliantly vital as the years pass on. The -fancy and tenderness of Shakespeare, the wit of Moliere, the sublimity -of Milton, the wisdom of Goethe, are revealed to us and preserved for us -by their style, and without it would have sunk long ago in the ocean of -oblivion. Such phrases as "the matter is the important thing, not the -manner," "never mind how he says it, but find out what he has to -say"--which are common enough on the tongues and pens of those who have -secured no grace of delivery--are pure fallacies. Style is the -atmosphere without which what is written cannot continue to breathe; it -is the indispensable medium for rendering what a man has got to say -continuously audible to the world. These are truths which we might -suppose too obvious to need repetition, since the whole history of -literature proclaims them, yet so great is the natural love of slovenly -writing and vague thinking that this heresy about the matter being far -more important than the manner is incessantly recurring. It is needful, -once more, therefore, to say as plainly as possible that without a -distinguished and appropriate manner, that is to say, without style, no -"matter" will ever have the chance to reach posterity. - -If once we resign this position as to the pre-eminent importance of -style we lose all means of measuring the standards of literature. As -long as excellence in writing is recognized as the main factor in the -formation of judgment, we are not likely to go very far wrong. We have -seen that those who permit themselves no other lamp than this may differ -as to the relative value of figures in a single group, but they unite in -their appreciation of that group itself. This is the case in the -criticism of ancient writers, and what other means have we of forming a -judgment about the moderns? As long as we are content to measure them as -we do their noble predecessors, we may make mistakes, but they will be -mistakes, not of principle, but only of detail. The moment that we allow -ourselves to believe that modern writing, the authorship of to-day, is -distinct in kind from that of the old masters, and can be measured by -different standards, we have resigned ourselves to a heresy, and are in -imminent peril of encouraging literary anarchy. - -It is a mistake to be too yielding and shy in expressing a conviction -which has been gravely formed on serious grounds. Those who love the -more austere and splendid parts of literature will always find -themselves in a minority in every collection of persons. It is probable -that if the prestige of _Paradise Lost_ had to depend upon popular -suffrage, no majority of citizens in any part of the English-speaking -world would be willing honestly to admit that they admired it or could -read it with pleasure. That does not prevent it from being one of the -most glorious, most enviable and unique possessions of the race. On -questions of the literary standard it is the majority which is always -wrong. The majority likes a warm easy book, without pretension, -unambitiously written, on a level with the experience of the vast -semi-educated classes of our society. "One man, one vote," extended to -the domain of literary taste, would mean the absolute and final -extinction of all distinguished masterpieces. - -But in every generation there is a remnant which occupies itself with -beauty and distinction. The individuals of this little group fight among -themselves about the details of excellence, but they guard, as in a pyx -or shrine, the primal idea of that excellence and a general sense of its -formal character. Outside this small class of experts there is a large -body of the public which recognizes its authority and is docile to its -directions. Again, outside is the vast concourse of persons competent to -read and write, but no more capable of forming an opinion than is the -dog that barks at their shadow or the discreeter cat that curls at their -fireside and says nothing. It has often occurred to me as a grave -speculation how long this vast dumb force of untrained readers will be -content to be silent. How long will they have the good nature to pretend -to respect the things which they cannot enjoy? Flattered as the average -man or woman is in these days, accustomed to hear the voice of democracy -praying for votes on every subject, how soon will the average reader -pluck up courage to say to himself, "I do not like the novels of -Thackeray nearly so much as I do those of E. P. Roe, and I do not intend -to allow anybody to persuade me that they are better?" Questioning the -standards of taste, refusing to bow to traditional canons of -criticism--this is the Red Spectre which I dread to see arise in the -midst of our millions of half-trained readers. - -But the cure will probably come from the very nature of the disease. If -we put a dangerous power in the hands of the crowd by the infinite -facilities given nowadays to reading and the discussion of books, we -support the traditions of literature by giving unprecedented -opportunities to persons of native capacity to fortify themselves in the -truth. No boy, nowadays, in the whole English-speaking world, can wholly -refrain from indulgence in literary pleasures, if an appetite for such -enjoyments have been born in him. In some newspaper, in some cheap -reprint, that which is exquisite and final, that which is assimilated to -the inviolable standards of excellence, must meet his eye and be -accepted by him. The enemies of literature may become extremely -numerous; they will remain languid and blundering; its friends will be -always few, perhaps, but they will be ardent and active. That the good -tradition may be swamped for a time in some Commune of the intellect -seems to me very possible, but that it should be lost, that it should go -down altogether into the deeps of anarchical vulgarity, that, happily, -is not to be believed. - -Meanwhile, every one who, however humbly, is devoted to what is nobly -and purely said in prose and verse, may do his or her part to prevent -even a temporary descent into barbarism. The only way to become -sensitive to what literary excellence is, is to study and re-study those -books which have stood the assaults of time, and are as fresh to-day as -when they were written. It is not to be expected that to any one taste -all these books, in their various classes, will appear equally -delightful. But it is from a wide acquaintance with these, and a -reverent and affectionate wish to discover their charm, that literary -appreciation grows. If once we are convinced that there is a standard, -that a well-written book is distinguishable from a dull and slovenly -one, that style is not a vain ornament, but as essential to literary -life as oxygen is to a human being, then, without affectation or -priggishness, every man may become a sober lover of the best, and may -feel that though certain specimens of literary work may go up and down -in public esteem, the central standards are firm and the laws of -intellectual beauty immutable. - - - - -[Illustration] - -THE LAUGHY-MAN. - - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! laughing all day, - Laughing the sunshiny hours away, - Laughing and kicking his little pink heels - Just to impress us with how good he feels! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! waking to play, - Waking to laugh at the first peep o' day, - Waking to churn up the blanket and sheet, - Like waves of the sea, with his fists and his feet! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - Ho, for the Laughy-Man! lying abed, - Lying there wagging his cherubin head, - Lying there, merry, a bundle of love - Sent to our home by the seraphs above! - Hey, for the Laughy-Man! - Ho, for his smiles! - Hail to the angels who taught him such wiles! - - - - -[Illustration: FOR SALE:--A WARRIOR - -by Philip V. Mighels.] - - -There were seven kinds of Indians at the back of the largest hotel of -the Western town--dirty and dirtier, which is two; young and old, which -is four; male and female, making six; and one little clean pappoose. -This latter tiny bit of aboriginal humanity was a chubby, round-faced, -bright-eyed little tike, with the blackest of hair and the most bronze -of complexions. He was playing around alone inside a close high board -fence at the rear of the large hotel, his only shirt cut off at the -knees, displaying a fat brownish pair of dimpled legs that were warm -enough in spite of the fact of their bareness in the chilling air. - -Presently around the corner came a trotting, smiling Chinaman, a vender -of vegetables. A long slender pole, carved flat and tapering toward the -ends, was balanced on his shoulder, and from either end, suspended by a -bridle composed of four strings, hung a huge bamboo basket. - -As he halted within the gate of the high board fence he lightly swung -the receptacles to earth, rested his polished pole conveniently near, -lifted a mat containing the day's supplies for the cook within, and -carried it off to the kitchen. - -Now it not very strangely befell that the vender of vegetables lingered -a time in the kitchen, for that exceedingly tempting and savory seat of -government was under the personal direction of another little yellow -man, who called his countryman "Wong," and gave him to drink of tea. -While the two engaged each other with inharmonious gutturals, a dusky -cranium and equally dusky countenance came poking out from another door. -Its owner was the negro porter, a grinning fellow, whose mania for jokes -of the "practical" description was developed to a degree positively -unhealthy. No sooner had he made himself certain that the yard was free -of observers, and occupied alone by the wee pappoose, than he stealthily -slipped from his place, and grabbed the scared little fellow by the tail -of his wholly inadequate shirt. - -[Illustration] - -The eyes of the miniature savage were apparently frozen wide open in an -instant, while paralysis made him utterly stoic and dumb. The Chinaman's -basket had a shallow tray in the top filled with beets; then an inside -receptacle, also shallow, filled with celery. Below this last were -cabbages, down in the bottom. These extra insides the negro quickly -lifted out with his unemployed hand; then a couple of the cabbages, as -large together as the wee pappoose, came forth with a jerk. In a second -more the silent Indian baby had been dropped within the basket, the -various trays had been properly replaced, and the darky had rapidly -hopped through the open door with his cabbages, doubling himself like a -nut-cracker and stretching his face in violent but silent laughter. - -Out came Wong, beaming with the radiance of tea well swallowed. He -rearranged his pole, bent his stout Mongolian back, straightened up, -lifting his baskets, balanced them neatly, and trotted away with the -frightened baby Indian, but quite oblivious that such a lively vegetable -ever was grown. - -Wong went singing up the street, or rather humming away about a "feast -of lanterns," and he thought on how soon he would be enabled to purchase -a wagon. - -"Good-molling," he said, as he stopped at last at the rear of one of the -most imposing houses. "Velly fine molling." - -"Good-morning, Wong. It's a little bit chilly," said a gray-haired woman -wearing glasses, rubbing her hands. - -"Oh yeh, him feel lill bit chilly." - -"What you got this morning?" she inquired. - -"Oh, for callot, for cell'ly--velly nice for cell'ly--for turnip, for -squash, any kine." Then, as she hesitated, "potatoe?--for ahple?--for -cabbagee? Oh, lots um good kine, I tink." - -She took a squash. "Did you say cabbage, Wong?" - -"Oh yeh." He began at once to lift the tray. Next he hoisted forth the -shallow inside basket and reached for a cabbage. - -[Illustration] - -"Ki! yi!" he yelled. "Sumin--ah--got, yu nee mah! Kow long hop ti! Ha! -What you call um? Hi! for Injun debbil!" And he lapsed again into awful -Chinese exclamation points, and danced a fan-tan dango in a wonderful -state of excitement. "Hi! What you call um? Sumin-ah-got, no belong for -Wong! Huh!" Nerving himself for the fearful ordeal, he lifted the -squirming baby forth and dropped it quickly to the ground. No sooner did -the wild little thing find itself released than it scrambled to its feet -and ran at the skirts of the elderly lady--the only thing it -recognized--and clung there like a prickly burr. - -"Mercy!" shrieked the lady. "Mercy! Where-- Wong, where did you get this -child--this savage child?" she demanded. - -"Sumin-ah-got, no sabbee," said the terrified Wong, gathering baskets -and mats in a desperate haste. "Plitty click for whole lots um for Injun -come for nis one. Wong no takee. No see some nis one for baby befloh. -Somebody makee for tlick--you sabbee?--makee velly much tlouble. Kow -long hop ti! Yu nee mah!" - -"But, Wong, you must take it back! I don't know anything about the -trick! I don't wan't the Indians coming here. Mercy!" - -Wong, however, had rapidly fixed his pole in its place, and swung his -baskets clear of the ground, still jabbering wildly in his native -tongue, and trotted away with a double-quick motion. - -"Wong! Wong!" called the agitated woman. "I can't throw him away! You -must take him back! Wong!" But the vender of vegetables, thoroughly -alarmed, had fled. - -"Did yez call, Miss Hoobart?" said a voice from the door. - -"Oh, Maggie! Oh dear! Oh! Oh! What shall we do?" cried the woman. She -was trying to shake her skirts of the brown little Indian, but he merely -clung the harder, and buried his face in the folds. - -"Ach, wurra, wurra!" said Maggie. "Oi wudden't a t'o't ut. Phere did yez -git um?" - -"Hush, you silly girl. It's an Indian baby, and Wong brought him--and he -ran away frightened--and somebody played it as a trick--and the wild, -infuriated Indian population may be down upon us at any moment to -recover the child!" - -"Ach!" screamed the girl, jumping high in the air and glancing quickly -about. "Phy don't yez l'ave um in the sthrate, the turrible varmint?" - -"What, a tiny child, Maggie? Suppose it should freeze to death? It -hasn't any clothing to speak of. Oh dear! I do wish Charles were home!" - -"Phat yez goin' to do?" whispered Maggie. - -"I don't know. Oh, I don't know! We've got to take him in, I suppose, -and wait for Charles." Accordingly she walked very gingerly in, while -the very diminutive savage continued to cling to the dress and hide his -face. "I don't see," she said, breathing easier when the door was -closed, "how I'm going to get him away from my skirt. Don't you think -you could take him away, Maggie?" - -"Oi wudden' touch um for tin dollars!" cried the girl. - -"What shall we do? He will never let go." - -"Yez c'u'd l'ave um the skirt--take ut aff, an' put an anither wan, ye -moind." - -"Yes, I can; that is just the thing." She slipped the outside garment in -a jiffy, and the baby sat down on the floor in the midst of the pile. - -The warrior sat perfectly still, his big brown eyes and his wee red -mouth wide open, his chubby hands playing at random with the skirt. - -"Oi moight go out an' infarm Misther Patrick Murphy, the gintleman -policemon, mum," ventured Maggie at length. - -"Don't you dare to go and leave me an instant," said the woman. "There -is nothing in the whole wide world to do but to watch him every minute -and lock all the doors and wait for Charles. Oh dear! that I should live -to see such a terrible day!" - -[Illustration] - -So the barricades were placed on the doors, and the women brought their -chairs to sit and watch their very unwelcome prisoner. As the day grew -old it occurred to the lady that perhaps the child was hungry. She -prepared a piece of bread with molasses, and handed it out with the -tongs. With this the child emulated his parents, for he painted his face -from chin to eyes. This continued till the curtain lashes of the bright -brown eyes came drooping down; his chubby little face, with molasses -adornment, sank slowly to rest on the skirt. The women continued to -watch. - -As the evening came on Miss Hobart paced the room impatiently. "Charles! -Charles, my brother!" she would say, "why don't you come? You ought to -know what a terrible, terrible trial it is!" - -But the sound of his knock on the door, when he came at his usual time, -nearly made the women faint. A thin little man was Mr. Hobart, but -sensible, and not to be alarmed. He declared that the morning would be -time enough in which to clear the matter up. - -"Oh, but it won't," said his elderly sister. "Suppose there should be a -night attack? They are very, very frequent--it's the Indian way of -proceeding!" - -"Well," said he, "I'll go and tell the sheriff. He can hunt the parents -up and settle the whole thing in a minute." - -"But," she protested, "the Indians are gone to their -tents--campoodies--out in the sage-brush long before this--that is, -providing they are not lurking around this neighborhood. And just fancy -a poor mother deprived of her child all night!" - -"Well, what shall I do?" - -"Suppose--suppose you take a lantern and go out to the wigwams. You are -not afraid?" - -"No, of course I'm not; but what's the use?" - -[Illustration] - -In the end he found himself muffled, mittened, provided with the -lantern, packing the child--all wrapped in a blanket and fastened -loosely in with a shawl-strap--out in the sage-brush, floundering -aimlessly about in search of the Indian campoodies. Mile after mile he -trudged about in the night, shifting baby and lantern from hand to hand -as his arms grew weary, and growing more and more disgusted as it dawned -on his mind that all he knew of the way to find campoodies was to wander -toward the west in the brush, he shouldered the sleeping warrior and -made some lively tracks for home. - -"There," said he, as he tossed the wee pappoose, blanket and all, on the -lounge, "you can leave it to snooze where you please, for I am going -right straight to bed." - -His sister sat in a chair all night, dressed, and she waked a hundred -times from a dream of hideous Indian depredations. She was wearily -sleeping when her brother ate his breakfast and went. An hour later the -head of an old and silently whistling Indian appeared at the open -window. - -[Illustration] - -"Ketchum pappoose?" said this awful warrior, and his voice was barely -audible. She whirled around, saw the face, tried to scream, and failed. - -"Injun Jim h-e-a-p sick," drawled the chieftain, who had satisfied -himself that his son and heir was present, the youngster being seated on -the floor--"h-e-a-p sick, heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh." - -Miss Hobart rallied. "Perhaps," she thought, "Charles has pacified the -tribe." Then she said, "Oh, Mr. Indian Jim--James, is this your -son--your little boy?" - -"Yesh, h-e-a-p my boy. Injun Jim heap likum biscuit-lah-pooh, h-e-a-p -sick." - -"Are you sick? Poor man! you shall have all the biscuit you want. Here," -she said, in a timid voice, as he tucked away a package of food, "is -your son--your nice little boy--very nice little boy; and I'm very -sorry--" - -"Yesh, h-e-a-p nice--all same Injun Jim. You like buy um? Two dollar -hap, you buy um, h-e-a-p goot!" - -"Mercy! Oh, oh!" she gasped. "He would sell it! Two dollars and a -half--and after such a night! Oh no--no, Jim--James--take him to his -yearning mother, please!" - -As the warrior slowly shuffled away to the gate, leading his son and -heir by the hand, the bright little face was turned toward the woman who -was standing in the door. - -"It is a beautiful child," she said. "I wish I had noticed before." - - - - -A LOYAL TRAITOR. - -A STORY OF THE WAR OF 1812 BETWEEN AMERICA AND ENGLAND. - -BY JAMES BARNES. - - -CHAPTER XIX. - -WRECKED AGAIN. - -I was almost stunned at the news the carpenter brought, but I knew of the -only thing to do, of course. - -"Rig the pumps and get to work at them," I squeaked faintly, fearing to -try to talk loud. - -"Ay, ay, sir," he answered, "but it will do no good. Lord Harry! she's -opened up like a sieve, sir!" - -Soon we had the water from below pouring on to the deck and running into -the scuppers and mingling with that that came on board of us over the -rail. But the wind increased in strength until it seemed that it would -take the aged masts out of the brig, and it actually threatened to blow -the clothes from off our backs. - -Chips had gone below again to sound the well, and I was holding on to a -belaying-pin, and trying not to show how weak and sick I was. I noticed -that one of the men, a narrow-headed fellow with an ugly gash of a -mouth, was not putting all of the beef he might into his stroke on the -pump handles. So I slid over to him and laid hold myself; but the man -endeavored to push me to one side. - -"Hands off, Captain Jonah," he said, "it might stop working! We had -plenty of good luck until you came aboard of us. Hands off, I say!" he -cried, "or we'll feed you to the whales." - -I could have struck the man for his insolence, as his words had been -heard by two of the men opposite; but I saw that the result might be bad -for me, so I replied nothing, but taking a firmer hold of the beam, I -wedged him out of his position, ready at any moment to fell him if he -attempted violence. I was the stronger, and at last I broke his hold. -Where the force I now felt command of came from I cannot tell. The man -would have slid over against the bulwarks if I had not caught him by the -shoulder. - -"Go over on the other side and work, you shirker," I cried, and, to my -surprise, my voice roared out the words in tones like those of a bull. - -I gave the man a push up the slope of the deck, and began heaving up and -down with all my might and main, but I had made a discovery. - -It was only my lower tones, my demi-voix, that were gone. For three days -afterwards this phenomenon continued. If I wished to talk, I had to use -the full lung-power that I possessed, and the result was a sound that -would do credit to a boatswain's mate in a typhoon. It was as unlike my -former voice as a broadside to a pistol-shot. But I am wandering. - -The effect of my treatment of the insolent sailor had been marvellous. -Not a disrespectful glance was cast at me thereafter. Soon the carpenter -came up from below. - -"We may have gained some three or four inches, Captain, but no more," he -panted, laying hold alongside of me. "I think the water is getting in -forward too, sir," he added. - -"Get out four of the prisoners and man the forecastle pump," I roared at -him. - -He jumped at the odd sound of my voice, but made no remarks, and -scrambled to the hatch in a jiffy. - -"Four of you up out of that!" he cried through the hole, at the same -time battering away at the fastenings with a belaying-pin. The hatch was -flung open, and instead of four, all ten of the Britishers came rushing -to the deck. They probably had been dying of terror down below, and one -glance at us working away for dear life told them the condition of -affairs. - -Without a word they set to work, under the direction of their own -officers, to get the spare gear out of the way and start the forecastle -pump going. - -The carpenter soon reported from the hold that we had gained some four -inches, and were now holding our own. This was at the end of an hour's -work by all hands. - -I perceived, however, that it would be foolishness to work all the men -to death at the outset, and that the sensible way would be to divide -them into relays, even if the water gained a little on us. - -So I told off my own men into two divisions, and sent half of them into -the galley to get rest and a bite to eat. But the prisoners I drove at -it, as we had fully two hours' start of them. They needed no -encouragement yet, and one of them even replied, "Ay, ay, sir," to my -orders to hit up the stroke. - -There is no use of prolonging this description. All night we worked -away, and the gray dawn found us still at it. - -Fisher, the wounded man, I had mounted guard over the prisoners, arming -him with a cutlass and a brass blunderbuss that I had found in the -mate's room. I hated to goad men the way I had to, but I think my own -people worked almost as hard, and needed less urging; but the Englishmen -had begun to fag. - -By noon the sea had gone down, and, probably owing to the swelling of -the timbers, the leak had apparently decreased. We had gained a foot and -more on the water in the hold, and the carpenter found out that it was -as he suspected, the water had been entering through a started seam, and -he said that if we could get to anchor, he thought might be able to -locate where it was. So I ordered all but four of the prisoners below. -At first one of the mates demurred; but I would admit of no talking, and -at the sight of the pistols he obeyed me. - -Now the great question was to find out where we were. By two o'clock I -made sail, and seeing that the old tub did better with the wind astern, -I ordered the helmsman to steer the same course we had been holding, and -I started to go below to rest. - -I slept like a top, and it was six o'clock when Dugan ran in and -awakened me, telling me that land was in sight off the starboard bow, -distant about twelve miles. - -But where were we? That was more than I could tell. - -I had some idea of our position when we struck the storm, or, better, -the latter had struck us, and I presumed that we must either, from the -course we were steering, have entered the Irish Channel or gone up the -west coast of Ireland itself; but it mattered little; we had to find -some place to anchor and, if possible, to repair our damage, and -besides, I intended to land the prisoners at the first chance, as they -were a constant source of menace to us, and so many more mouths to feed. - -Coming on deck, I took the glass and climbed into the foremast shrouds. - -What an odd circumstance it was! Here I was a full-fledged Captain, and -had never been aloft on a vessel but once before in my life, and that -was when I had covered myself with tar and glory by climbing to the -cross-trees of one of the ships at the wharfs of Baltimore. But I went -up as far as the topsail-yard, hanging on harder than was necessary, -perhaps, and from there I took a sight at the distant land. I made it -out to be a collection of islands, with what might be the mainland -farther on to the north. After I descended to the deck I changed the -course a few points to the east, and in a little over two hours we had -brought a high, rocky shore close to on the port beam. It was an island, -as I had surmised. - -The sky had now cleared to a glorious red sunset, and I could discern -the conformation of the shore. Two arms ran out to the eastward, and--a -remarkable sight!--I saw that the island was split in two by a narrow -crevice, and that on the southern point it dwindled down into a narrow -spit, at the end of which rose a sheer rock like a tremendous castle. - -The carpenter had started the lead, with the result of finding no bottom -until we were well within the water embraced by the extending arms. At -last he reported suddenly fifteen fathoms; at the next heave, thirteen: -and seeing that it was shoaling so rapidly, I feared to go in nearer, -and we hove to and let go our anchor. - -The water was as smooth as a carpet, and with the stopping of the strain -and working of the hull, the leak ceased pouring in, the carpenter -reporting, after a trip to the hold with the lantern, that she was only -weeping a little along her inner skin. I had kept four of the prisoners -at the pumps, however, and now I called every one, and in an hour's time -we had her nearly dry. - -Ordering the Englishmen back to where they belonged, Caldwell and I took -the first anchor watch, and the rest turned in to sleep. - -The huge shadow of the rocky cliff enshrouded us, and in rear of the -black silhouette of the island I could see the pale greenish-blue of the -sky in the west, with a few stars twinkling through it, and myriads of -them gleaming in the deeper blue overhead. It was so peaceful and calm, -and in such contrast to the scenes that we had been through, that were -it not for the pain I still suffered, I could have felt almost joyous. -But nature asserted herself, and lying there sprawled on the deck, I -fell asleep. - -I awakened with a start, to find it was daylight. I noticed that -Caldwell must have staid awake after I did, for he had rolled up his -jacket and placed it as a pillow beneath my head. But the honest fellow -had given in at last, and there he was, snoring away on the top of the -forward hatch, with his arms and legs straggled out like a jumping-jack -on the floor of a play-room. - -Now if what had happened before this calmly dawning day appears strange -or improbable to any one who may read, and if they are tired of the -relation of these facts, which, I can say without boasting, are unusual -to have happened to any one being, let them lay aside for good and all -the reading of what is to follow. For what has previously happened is -nothing to what I am going to tell, in my opinion, as I am a truthful -man. - -I awakened Caldwell gently, and told him to go down and stir out the man -who was doing the cooking for us, and have him brew some coffee and -prepare breakfast. We had some fresh vegetables still left, for the -_Duchess of Sutherland_ had not been long from port when we had taken -her. - -Then, all alone, I gazed at the island in whose little bay we were -resting. - -A narrow stretch of beach ran from the foot of the cliff to the water's -edge. The top was verdure-clad, and to the north some stunted underbrush -grew along the crest. The strange crevice that I had noticed ran from -the green slope, sheer and straight, to within twenty feet of the -water's level. It looked as if it might have been made by the stroke of -a giant's sword. The high rock at the end of the tongue of land to the -southward resembled more closely than ever a moss-grown ruin; but all at -once I jumped for the glass. A thin, twirling column of smoke arose from -a little hollow a quarter of a mile up the shore, and by the aid of a -telescope I could make out two or three huts, and some gray objects on -the slope of the hill that resolved themselves into grazing sheep. I -made up my mind, before I landed the prisoners and set to work stopping -the seams, to row ashore and find out where we were. But hunger asserted -itself, and the smell of cooking coming from the galley reminded me that -with the exception of some sopped biscuit and a bit of fat meat that I -had managed to worry down the night past, nothing solid had passed my -lips since my struggle with the man in the passageway. - -Running below, I asked the carpenter in to breakfast with me in the -cabin. He was my First Lieutenant, as I have said, and of course I knew, -without his saying so, that he had saved my life--with my own pistol, -too, I surmise. - -"Well, Captain Hurdiss," Chips said, "a busy day's before us. I think if -we can careen the old hooker and get that opened strake so we can handle -it from the outside, we can take her across, bar another such storm as -we had last night." - -"We'll make a try for it, Mr. Chips," said I, roaring out the answer -after two or three futile attempts to speak quietly. - -"You won't need a trumpet this voyage," was the carpenter's rejoinder to -this, at which I laughed, for the hot coffee and food were restoring my -spirits. - -The men, too, were in an even frame of mind, and when I ordered out the -boat they went about it like good ones. I saw that the prisoners were -fed before I left the deck, and then going over the side, I gave the -orders, man-of-war fashion, to "Shove off!" "Let fall!" etc., and after -a pull of a few minutes the carpenter and I landed on the beach near the -hollow in which the huts were, and finding a path, we ascended to them. - -As we approached the door of the largest hovel, that was built of sods -and stones, a nondescript figure, with just enough rags on to save it -from appearing savage, emerged. The man appeared a little frightened at -first, and was truly startled at the sound of my voice. His reply I -could not translate, although I had merely asked him what island this -was, and what was the name of the coast that we could discern to the -eastward. - -At last, by dint of signs and repeating the question, I made out -something that sounded like "Innishkea," and when I pointed to the -island to the north the same answer came. When the land to the eastward -was designated he said Muhllet a Blackshod over and over. I gave him a -bit of silver, and the meaning of that he understood quite well, for he -grinned and closed his fist tight upon it, at the same time giving a -pull to his long front lock. I never heard such outlandish lingo in my -life as the man spoke, but I remembered the sounds of some of the words, -and when I got back to the ship I went into the cabin, and the carpenter -and I got out the map that showed the coast of Ireland, for Chips -insisted that the man was talking Gaelic, and that it was either Ireland -or Scotland whose shore lay off to the eastward. - -"Hurrah! hurrah!" I cried suddenly, my attention arrested by a name. -"Here we are, Mr. Chips. The island of Inniskea--and off here is the -peninsula of Mullet that encloses the waters of Blacksod Bay." - -So I knew where I was at last! - -But there was lots to be done. Arming the crew, we took the fastenings -off the hatch, and ordered the prisoners into the boat. We left them on -shore with a barrel of ship's bread and a half-barrel of salt meat. And -then we rowed back, and prepared to do some impromptu calking, and fit -the old hulk in a better condition for putting to sea. - -The _Duchess of Sutherland_ was loaded with machinery for some sort of -crushing business, and the rest of her cargo was cheap cloths and -print-stuffs, probably for the East Indian market. According to her -papers, she was bound for Calcutta. - -The seam that had done most of the leaking was hardly a foot beneath the -surface of the water as she lay on even keel, we discovered. It had -opened up badly forward, and again amidships. So we set about lightening -her first before we hove her down. - -Rigging a block and tackle, we jettisoned some heavy bits of machinery, -and found that the cargo had been very badly and loosely stowed. - -The brig--she had been outfitted in a hurry--carried four guns, short -carronades of heavy weight, on her deck, and we shifted these to -starboard side, and then we rigged out an anchor at the end of a spar; -and I was surprised to see what a purchase we got on her, and how well -all this answered for our ends. As soon as they could, the carpenter and -the crew set about calking her with hemp from an old cable, whistling -and humming away merrily. - -They progressed finely with the job, and as there was nothing for me to -do, I went aloft. I could smell the tar that they were boiling in the -galley, and was hoping that we could finish our work in time to get -under way that evening, when all at once I felt a jar, as if the vessel -had struck something below, and it appeared to me that we heeled a -little more to port. - -In fact our list was very evident now, and the masts had quite an angle -on them. I saw that the carpenter, who was standing in a boat -alongside, had stopped work, and was looking curiously up at me. The -seam at which he had been tapping was now two feet above the surface of -the water, and the ripped green copper of the brig's bottom was plain to -view. - -The carpenter laid his head against the side, and then shouted up, in a -frightened voice: - -"For heaven's sake, Captain Hurdiss," he cried, "there's water entering -somehow! I can hear the sound of it from here." - -He and the men in the boat hastily scrambled up the side. - -Just then there came another jarring sound. It was the cargo shifting. - -I was hastening to descend, when I cast a glance toward the shore, and -there I saw one of the prisoners, whom I had noticed standing on the top -of the hill, suddenly wave his arms about his head, and come tearing -down the slope toward where the others were grouped about a fire. - -But this was not all. Through the cleft in the hill-side I could see the -waters on the other side of the island. And in this narrow space, framed -by the walls of the cliff, I saw a vessel just coming about into the -wind. Another instant and she was gone, hidden by the dark mass of land. -But so firmly impressed was this quick vision upon my mind that I can -see it to this day, as firmly fixed as were it a painting that I had -studied in its every detail. - -As I reached the deck the brig gave another lurch, and our bulwarks were -almost in the water. - -"The cargo all adrift, Captain Hurdiss," shouted the carpenter, coming -up the ladder. "And we must have a bad leak in our top sides. The old -thing is rotten to her heart," he added. - -The men, without orders, were tumbling into the boats, and even with my -small experience I could see that nothing could save the _Duchess_ from -sinking where she lay. I looked toward the shore, and saw the prisoners -in a body running up the beach toward the north. Just as I caught sight -of them, they rounded a point of rock and disappeared. - -But a strange shifting motion in the brig warned me to hasten. What -impelled me, I do not know, but seeing the glass wedged in the shrouds -where I had planted it, I made for it, and picking it up, jumped into -the boat. - -[Illustration: SHE WENT DOWN LIKE A LITTLE "ROYAL GEORGE."] - -We had rowed but a few dozen strokes when, with a lurch, and a dull -explosion as the forward deck blew out from the pressure of air, down -went the _Duchess of Sutherland_, like a little _Royal George_. But the -only living things she took with her were a few half-drowned chickens in -a coop near the galley. - -Even the carpenter now showed signs of despondency, and what I told him -about the vessel that looked like a great lugger with one mast, that I -had seen on the other side of the land, did not cheer him. - -"We're in for it now," he grumbled. "There's no prize-money in this -affair. She's one of their revenue-cutters, and she'll scoop us surely." - -"That's what the prisoners were scampering for," spoke up Dugan, who was -pulling stroke oar. "They've gone around to fetch her." - -"Well, that's all they'll find," said Chips, pointing over the stern of -the boat. - -I looked back. Only a few feet of the _Duchess_'s masts were visible, -but there was a lot of debris floating on the water near them. - -[TO BE CONTINUED.] - - - - -[Illustration: INTERSCHOLASTIC SPORT] - - -Next Saturday will occur the eighth annual in-door interscholastic -championship games of the Boston schools at Mechanics' Hall, held under -the auspices of the Boston Athletic Association. The events are all -scratch, and include the 40-yard dash, 300-yard run, 600-yard run, -1000-yard run, half-mile walk, running high jump, putting 16-lb. shot, -pole vault, and 45-yard hurdles (3 flights, 2 ft. 6 in. high). Besides, -there will be special team-races arranged. This meeting is open to the -members (under twenty-one years of age) of all schools in the vicinity -of Boston. Each school will be allowed to enter three men in each event, -except in the 1000-yard run, when only two are entered and but one may -compete. - -Ever since 1889 the schools have competed annually, and it has been the -winter athletic event of the school world. In 1890 the Boston A.A. -offered a large silver shield to run for nine years to be contended for -by the different schools, the one winning it the greatest number of -times to become the final possessor, and this generous action has had a -stimulating effect in making every school anxious to have its name -engraved on the blank spaces made for that purpose. Consequently, as the -occasion comes around each winter, speculation is rife as to the -probable champion school. - -The outcome next Saturday, while based on relative comparisons, is more -or less a matter of conjecture, as youthful athletic competition is an -uncertain quantity. Not a first-prize winner, with the exception of -E. W. Mills, of last year's meet, appears in the list again, and this -fact should be encouraging to those who would otherwise have to struggle -against established champions. - -[Illustration: E. W. MILLS, CHAUNCY HALL.] - -The New England Interscholastic records are about as low as it is -possible to get them, and while no record-breaking is looked for, yet in -one or two instances there may be some change of marks. In the 1000-yard -run E. W. Mills, of Chauncy Hall, who now holds the record of 2 min. 33 -sec., will be able to better that time if anybody can. It is traditional -custom that the two winning schools of the year previous shall meet in a -team-race, and this year English High and Worcester Academy will clash. -The Worcester boys are bitterly aggrieved over losing the in-door -championship of '96 by one point to English High, and will make -strenuous efforts to regain some of their laurels by winning this event. - -[Illustration: H. J. KANE, E.H.-S.] - -To prophesy correctly the winner of the first event on the programme, -the 40-yard dash, would be impossible under existing circumstances. The -string of foremost dash-runners that the schools will furnish are very -evenly matched, and most of them are doing the distance in 4-4/5 -sec.--record time--so that it will be less than a yard that separates -the leaders in the final heat. English High is sure to have more than -one of its runners in the final round, with H. J. Kane, H. C. -Kennington, and A. F. Duffy wearing the colors. Kane was third in the -100 and 220 yard runs at the out-of-door championships, and ever since -he has shown improvement. All three of these athletes are capable of -doing 4-4/5 sec. H. C. Jones, of Phillips Exeter, who won the novice -40-yard at the B.A.A. games, February 6th, is predicted to keep pace -with the swiftest, and will be a dangerous competitor. - -Newton High has H. W. Owens, another dash-runner, who in several -instances has done 4-4/5 sec. His inconsistency in running is his worst -fault. The Worcester schools are likely to bring down a set of good -sprinters. The high-school has in A. M. Butler a slashing sprinter, who -won a handicap dash in his city a few weeks ago. - -The Worcester Academy athletes, with the benefit of a fine out-door -track of 150 yards in length, built on scientific principles, and also a -well-known professional coach in attendance, should exhibit some -redeeming strength at the meet. George Hersey won third in the 40-yard -dash in '96, and ought to better that now. He circled the school track -in the 300-yard dash considerably under the record, and if the corners -at Mechanics' Hall do not bother him, he can justify the confidence -imposed in him by his school. - -[Illustration: G. H. HUNTRESS, HOPKINSON'S.] - -Captain G. H. Huntress, of Hopkinson's, will be that school's best entry -for the 40 and 300 yard runs. He has good staying powers coupled with -plenty of speed. Noble's School will contribute to the 40-yard dash -A. T. Baker, who lately won prominence by taking the 40-yard handicap -prize away from over a hundred entries at the B.A.A. games. J. W. Sever, -of Brown and Nichol's School in Cambridge, is in the front rank of -scholastic sprinters, and is running in trim form this year. - -[Illustration: J. H. CONVERSE, E.H.-S.] - -There have been rumors that Phillips Andover would not send a team, but -this will not prevent individuals from entering, and in that case the -appearance of J. J. Peters may be counted on. With the prestige obtained -by his appropriating the hurdles at the big B.A.A. meet, he is given -precedence over everybody in the hurdle contest. His elegant physique is -a factor that will stand by him well if he is hard pressed. J. H. -Converse, the national champion, who defeated A. H. Beers last June, is -in this fight, and his reputation hangs in the balance on the result. - -Hopkinson's School has a trio of clever timber-toppers in J. Hallowell, -E. Cole, and E. Whitman. They are evenly matched, and finish on a line -in practice, but Hallowell's past experience on the track would make him -the favorite in a race. Worcester Academy will furnish a star in Hall, -whose smooth movement over the sticks is bound to make him conspicuous. - -Last year's calculations in the 600-yard run were all upset by the two -probable winners failing to qualify, and by an unknown stepping into the -breach. This contingency may have a repetition, for those thought to -have the best chances are not to be depended upon. M. M. Marks, of -English High, who recently won his heat at the B.A.A. games in 1 min. -20-3/5 sec. from 30 yards, is entitled to recognition. Those who have -watched his running have great faith in his progress, and he certainly -creates a favorable impression by his length of stride, which is -wonderful, considering his slight body. Whether he can repeat is the -doubtful question, and remains to be seen. C. I. Porter, of Hopkinson's, -is going to make a strong bid for something in the 600. His practice -trials have convinced his school that he is a valuable member of the -athletic team. A. W. Lincoln, captain of Boston Latin's team, will be -the grittiest runner in the bunch. He is game through and through, and -if his speed stays with him he may catch a prize. - -There is not a shadow of doubt in the minds of the prophets that E. W. -Mills will capture the 1000-yard run. He is too much of a veteran to be -jockeyed, and has speed and endurance enough to make him a winner. He -will give the record most of his attention, and place it where future -runners will never touch it. The only one now in view who is able to -keep him company is D. T. Sullivan, of Worcester High, who is the -national interscholastic mile-runner. E. W. Crawford, of Boston Latin, -may win a place, as he is practising this distance daily, and has a -beautiful stride. English High is relying upon F. A. Ferguson to keep -its name from being tarnished at this distance. Hopkinson's has a couple -of fair runners in Cunningham and Ladd, and they are expected to give a -good account of themselves. - -From present indications it seems as if Worcester Academy would make the -most points in the field events, as some excellent marks have been made -in practice. C. H. R. Howe has jumped as high as 5 ft. 8 in., which -insures him a prominent place. He is credited with a height greater than -this, but not in competition. H. B. Kendall, a schoolmate, is close -behind Howe in jumping, but his specialty is pole-vaulting. From -different sources comes the report that he will approach the record. As -it is, he can go higher than 10 feet, and has done it repeatedly. J. H. -Converse, of English High, has branched out as a high jumper, and his 5 -ft. 6 in. in rubber-soled shoes means more when he gets on the floor at -the interscholastic tournament. C. M. Rotch, of Hopkinson's, can reach 5 -ft. 7 in., and is being carefully coached, so that this, together with -his perfect style, will have a telling effect. - -The shot-putters will be a stocky set of athletes, as no giants are in -sight, and the list of foremost putters have muscle bred on the football -field. W. W. Coe, of Noble's School, has the call for first honors, and -he is deserving of whatever should befall him, as he has industriously -kept at his endeavors to increase his distance. His stout arm, with a -well-trained composition back of it, has sent the 16-lb. weight 38 ft., -and this would win for him. Eaton of English High and Boyce of Brookline -High are about in the same class, with the advantage on the latter's -side. Worcester anticipates placing a "dark horse" in the shot. - -The half-mile walk will have a scant gathering, as efficient walkers are -scarce. Mohan, an English High pedestrian, with a point at the out-door -interscholastic games last summer, is a reliable man in keeping his -feet. - -The championship of the ice-polo league of the schools in and about -Boston has been won by the Arlington High-School. Space prevents any -detailed comment upon this result in the present issue, but the ice-polo -season will be reviewed in these columns at an early date. - -It is announced that a track-athletic league, to be known as the -Interscholastic Track Association, has been formed among St. Paul's -School, Garden City; Lawrenceville School, of Lawrenceville; and the -Hill School, of Pottstown. No meet will be held this year, but the first -will take place in 1898 at Lawrenceville. The next in 1899 at St. -Paul's, and in 1900 at the Hill School. The events agreed upon are the -100 and 220 yard dashes, 440 and 880 yard and mile run, 120-yard hurdle, -1-mile bicycle, pole vault, throwing 12-pound hammer, and high jump. A -dual meet for this spring has been arranged between Lawrenceville and -the Hill, the events to be those adopted by the triple league. - -Although it is now somewhat late in the season for ice sports, the -formation of a hockey league among the New York schools is nevertheless -to be commended. The membership consists of Berkeley, Cutler, De La -Salle, St. Austin's, and Montclair High-School. Of these schools -Montclair High has probably done the most work at the sport this year, -although Berkeley has developed a very fair team. - -The banner at the Long Island A.A. in-door games, held in Brooklyn, -February 20, was taken by Berkeley, with St. Paul's second, the scores -of the competing teams, by points, being as follows: Berkeley, 25; St. -Paul, 17; Barnard, 14; Pingry, 8; Adelphi, 7; Latin, 5; Dwight, Poly. -Prep., and Collegiate, 3 each; High-School, 2; Columbia Grammar, -Trinity, and Harvard, 1 each. - -The in-door pole-vaulting record was broken by Paulding of Berkeley. He -raised the figures from 9 ft. 10-1/2 in. to 10 ft. 4 in. At the -Knickerbocker A.C. games last year Paulding cleared 10 ft. This year, -therefore, he will doubtless do much better, and should again win the -event. - -The 50-yard dash, as was expected, went to Robinson of St. Paul's. He -lost his heat to Sulzer of Pingry, but took first place easily in the -finals. Kinney of St. Paul's put the 12-pound shot 43 ft. 1 in., and the -high jump was taken by Serviss, B.L.S., with 5 ft. 6-1/2 in. - -The entries for the big games at the Madison Square Garden, under the -auspices of the Knickerbocker Athletic Club, close March 20. It is to be -hoped that by that time all of the schools in this part of the country -will be represented on the lists. - -"TRACK ATHLETICS IN DETAIL."--ILLUSTRATED.--8VO, CLOTH, ORNAMENTAL, -$1.25. - - THE GRADUATE. - - * * * * * - -DR. NANSEN AND THIRTEEN. - -The safe return of the _Fram_ is regarded as a knock-down blow to the -thirteen superstition. There were thirteen men in her crew, of whom the -thirteenth joined at the last moment. All returned safe and well, and -none of them was ill at any time, or a cause of anxiety. Then, too, it -was on the 13th of August that Nansen reached home, and on the same day -the _Fram_ got quit of the ice, seven months to a day after (on January -13) she had struck a southerly current. To these coincidences it is -added that three litters of thirteen pups were born in Nansen's pack of -Eskimo dogs (though a greater number than six to a litter is unusual), -and that just thirteen publishers bid for his book after his return. - - - - -[Illustration: THE CAMERA CLUB] - - Any questions in regard to photograph matters will be willingly - answered by the Editor of this column, and we should be glad to - hear from any of our club who can make helpful suggestions. - - -DEFECTS IN NEGATIVES, AND THE REMEDY. - -The most common defect in negatives, and one which it is easy to avoid, -is the small transparent spots which appear on the negative after -developing and fixing. These spots are called pinholes, and are caused -by small specks of dust which cling to the film, and which do not wash -off when the developer is turned over the plate. When a print is made -from a negative in which there are pinholes, small black spots appear in -the finished print wherever there were pinholes in the film. These holes -can be filled up by retouching, but they may be avoided altogether, and -prevention is much better than cure. After the sensitive plate is in the -holder, dust it over carefully with a small wad of surgeon's cotton -before putting in the slide. If plates remain in the holder some time -before they are used, it is a wise plan to dust them again before they -are put into the developer. Pinholes are sometimes caused by using old -developer which has not been filtered, and the tiny specks which are in -the solution settle on the plate during development. Always filter -developer after once using, and it saves time if it is filtered at once -when through developing. - -Larger spots with sharp dark edges are caused by air-bubbles forming on -the plate when the developer is poured over it. If the tray is slanted a -little when the solution is turned on the plate, air-bubbles are seldom -formed. A piece of clean surgeon's cotton passed quickly over the plate -will break the bubbles. - -Where there are large irregular spots on the plate which are not fully -developed, it shows that the developer did not cover all the plate -immediately, and therefore acted longer on one part than on the other. -There is no remedy for this; but such markings can be prevented by -pouring the developer quickly over the plate and rocking the tray for a -few seconds. - -If the negative, after fixing, is covered with fine markings, the print -looking as if the negative from which it was made was crackled, it shows -that the tray was not rocked sufficiently during the process of -development. The tray should be gently rocked in all directions, so that -fresh developer is constantly passing over the sensitive film. (Not long -ago one of the members of the club sent two prints to the editor, one of -which was covered with fine markings. The letter stated that the -negatives were made and developed one after the other; and while the -first was all right, the second had the crackled appearance. An -explanation of the cause was asked and received.) - -If the negative after developing and fixing turns yellow it indicates -that the plate was not left long enough in the fixing-bath. As explained -in one of the papers on the chemistry of photography, when the negative -is placed in the fixing-bath a new compound is formed of the unchanged -chloride of silver and the hyposulphite of soda. They unite and form a -double salts, called silver sodium hyposulphite or thisulphate. This -double salt is soluble in a solution of hypo, and the fixing-bath must -be strong enough not only to form this double salt, but also to dissolve -it. When it is thoroughly dissolved it is quickly washed out of the -film. If the fixing-bath is too weak, or if the plate is taken from the -bath too soon, the plate will soon turn yellow, and in time the image -will be destroyed. To prevent this the plate should be left in the -fixing-bath for five minutes after the plate is cleared from the silver -bromide. - -When a negative after drying has a whitish appearance with a rough -surface, it is because the plate was not washed long enough after -removing from the hypo bath. Wash plates an hour in running water, or in -eight or ten changes of water, changing at intervals of five minutes. - - ARTHUR NILSEN asks if portraits can be made better with snap-shots - than with time exposures; and if with time exposures, the length of - the exposure. Snap-shots for portraits give too harsh contrasts. - For a time exposure with good light simply taking off and replacing - the cap quickly will be long enough; or if a hand-camera with drop - shutter, open and close the shutter as rapidly as possible without - making the exposure instantaneous. One must learn to regulate the - exposure according to the light, and the rapidity of the lens and - plate used. With a little careful practice one can learn to expose - the plate correctly. - - D. SAYLOR WILSON asks how to tell when a plate is fully developed. - Examine the plate by looking through it toward the red light. If - the detail is well out, and the negative looks as if it would be - dense enough for a good print, return the negative to the - developer, and rock it till the image is fading rapidly, then - remove and wash and fix. With some kinds of developer the image - must be allowed to fade entirely, but with hydrochinon developer - the plate is developed far enough when the plate looks dense when - examined by looking through it toward the light. - - - - -[Illustration] - -The Leading Chefs - -Use only - -ROYAL - -BAKING POWDER - -Absolutely Pure - - - - -EARN A GOLD WATCH! - -[Illustration] - -We wish to introduce our =Teas and Baking Powder=. Sell 50 lbs. to earn a -=Waltham Gold Watch and Chain=; 25 lbs for a =Silver Watch and Chain=; 10 -lbs. for a =Gold Ring=; 50 lbs. for a =Decorated Dinner Set=; 75 lbs. for -a =Bicycle=. Write for a Catalog and order Blank to Dept. I - -W. G. BAKER, - -Springfield Mass. - - - - -Hold their place in the front rank of the publications to which they -belong.--_Boston Journal_, Feb. 19, 1896. - -HARPER'S - -PERIODICALS - - - MAGAZINE, $4.00 a Year - WEEKLY, $4.00 a Year - BAZAR, $4.00 a Year - ROUND TABLE, $2.00 a Year - - - - -JOSEPH GILLOTT'S - -STEEL PENS. - -GOLD MEDAL, PARIS EXPOSITION, 1889, - -AND THE CHICAGO EXPOSITION AWARD. - -THE MOST PERFECT OF PENS. - - - - -[Illustration: PISO'S CURE FOR CONSUMPTION] - -CURES WHERE ALL ELSE FAILS. - -Best Cough Syrup. Tastes Good. Use - -in time. Sold by druggists. - - - - -QUESTIONS FOR YOUNG MEN. - - -There was, a few years ago, a law in Connecticut and Massachusetts--and -I think it is still extant in Connecticut--that no man shall kiss his -wife in public. Both States have laws, as have many others, that no man -shall swear; and they both had laws, if they do not still have them, -that no one shall smoke on the street. - -It has always been considered an immoral act for a Christian to swear, -but there is unquestionably a distinction to be made which is of just as -much interest to the average boy as to any full-grown man. The use of -sacred names in common every-day language--that is, the colloquial use -of terms that represent what we reverence, what are the property of each -man for himself, and his deepest thoughts--is undoubtedly a wrong. The -name of God and what it represents to you and to me in our lives belongs -to us, and does not concern any one else. No one, therefore, has any -right to vulgarize it in our presence, and if he does so, he is -infringing on sacred personal rights, and is therefore committing a -wrong. That is self-evident. - -There is, however, a difference between committing this actual wrong, -between breaking the sturdy old New England Puritan law, and using -exaggerated terms which are just as much swearing as the use of sacred -names is. There are many terms which in themselves have to-day no -significance--though they may have in derivation--except as exaggerated -expression. One says, "Good gracious!" "Oh dear!" "Oh my!" a dozen times -an hour, and is never criticised for swearing. Yet these expressions in -their original forms were swearing of the most exaggerated kind, and in -principle are so to-day. They all originally had the name of the Deity -attached to them, the second one being probably a corruption of French -"Oh Dieu!" - -The important point is that although they no longer infringe on sacred -things and personal rights, they are really just as much swearing to-day -as they originally were. They are signs of weakness, of a desire for -something stronger in the form of expression than the ordinary English -phrase which precedes or follows them. The speaker feels the need of -some exaggeration, and these inoffensive terms are just as unnecessary -as are the offensive ones--indeed, they are only weak subterfuges which -try to get the same effect without using the sacred terms. - -That means a vicious, because growing, tendency to constant increase and -exaggeration, which is the real principle of too much drinking that -makes a drunkard, too much smoking that makes a nervous invalid, too -much idleness that makes an unsuccessful life. If you will listen to the -greatest orators or read their speeches, if you will read the works of -the greatest authors, you will find no exaggeration of language to speak -of even at most important moments, and the very temperateness of these -orations and writings has a wonderful effect. Read, if you have not done -so, the little speech of Mr. Lincoln's at Gettysburg, and see how -simple, how temperate it is, and yet it is said by all students and -judges, by any one who really studies it, to not only cover the whole -subject Mr. Lincoln had in hand, but to be one of the most stirring -speeches that have been made to the American public. - -On the other hand, go some day and listen to a cheap stump-speaker, and -in the course of half an hour you will hear that this and that is the -"most magnificent," the "most frightful," the "greatest crime that cries -to Heaven," and abundant other phrases out of all proportion to the -subjects, which do not carry the weight of one of Lincoln's simple -sentences in his address. These unnecessary superlatives are, in their -way, swearing, which in principle are as bad, and as evil in their -results on the user and the listener, as is the use of sacred names. -They are the beginning of which the latter is the end. The feeling which -makes a boy or man want to use exaggerated terms is the real evil. It -grows like any other weakness, until his talk is puerile and of no -value. And if he would avoid swearing, or cure himself of it, he must -begin there, and not at the particular words he has discovered himself -to be using, and which may have called forth criticism because they were -sacred to those who heard them. - - * * * * * - -FAMOUS FREQUENTERS OF PUBLIC LIBRARIES. - -A London newspaper says of the late Mr. Robert Harrison, formerly -secretary and librarian to the London Library, whose death occurred a -short time ago, that he had an extensive acquaintance with famous men of -letters. In a Presidential address at the Librarians' Conference at -Nottingham in September, 1891, he gave some interesting reminiscences of -some of the eminent frequenters of the library: - -"The most conspicuously original man among them was Carlyle. He often -visited the library. His conversation was most amusing, full of -extravagant and exaggerated statements, and always ending with a loud -laugh, apparently at himself. He used the library books extensively for -his later works, and was guilty of the reprehensible practice of writing -on the margins of their books. He must admit that his remarks were never -meaningless, but chiefly consisted of corrections of dates or errors in -the text." - -Of Thackeray, another eminent member of the London Library, Mr. Harrison -had also an anecdote to tell: - -"When writing _The Virginians_ he came to him (the speaker) for a life -of General Wolfe. 'I don't want,' he said, 'an historical account of his -career--Lord Mahon's book gives me that--but I want something that will -tell me the color of his breeches.'" - -Mr. Harrison had the pleasure also of helping Charles Reade to find -materials for his story of _The Cloister and the Hearth_. The late Lord -Lytton was a frequent visitor and inquirer, as also was the author of -_Westward, Ho!_ and George Eliot. Mr. Harrison was quite astonished at -first to see what pains and research were applied to the production of -books so easy to read as were their best novels. - -Concerning Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Harrison had likewise something to say. -The G. O. M. has always taken an interest in the prosperity of the -library: - -"He (Mr. Gladstone) made use chiefly of their works of reference. The -speaker remembered with pleasure a small incident that occurred when -_Javentus Mundi_ was going to press. Mr. Gladstone called to verify a -line in Propertius, or Ausonius--he forgot which. He told his need to -one of the Eton masters, who happened to be present. The line was found, -and it differed slightly from that which Mr. Gladstone had quoted. -'But,' said the Eton master to him afterwards, 'his line was much finer -than the one which we found in print.'" - - * * * * * - -HIS PROPOSITION. - -There is a little suburban town out in New Jersey, and its inhabitants -are very proud of their fire department, claiming that it can meet every -possible exigency. As for the truth of this statement, it is not -advisable to meditate upon, and there is one thing positive, and that is -the inability of its members to prevent fires. Unfortunately such -occurrences were growing to be a chronic affliction, and in desperation -the leading officials of the fire department and the town officials met -to devise ways and means of stopping them. - -"It's carelessness, rank carelessness!" exclaimed one portly gentleman. -"Such things should rarely happen in well-regulated communities." - -Thus it went on for over an hour, growing no nearer to a solution of the -difficulty. Finally one of the fire department members arose. -"Gentlemen," he cried, "I have a resolution to propose which I think, if -adopted by the honorable members of this board, will entirely do away -with fires in our town." - -"Hear! hear!" cried the members of the board. "What is it? Propose it," -etc. - -"Gentlemen, I propose that three days before each fire some one should -go to the house and ascertain if it has been caused by the inmates' -carelessness, and if so enforce a payment of money to meet the expenses -of running the engines to the scene." - - - - -[Illustration: STAMPS] - - This Department is conducted in the interest of stamp and coin - collectors, and the Editor will be pleased to answer any question - on these subjects so far as possible. Correspondents should address - Editor Stamp Department. - - -I know several subscribers to the ROUND TABLE who have exchanged stamps -with other readers of this column, to the advantage of all concerned. -For the first time in two years I have received a complaint that stamps -were sent to one of the ROUND TABLE readers, without receiving any -return or even acknowledgment of the stamps. Possibly the first letter -accompanying the stamps, or the reply acknowledging the same, went -astray or was lost in the mails. The complaint is being investigated; -but I hope all subscribers to the ROUND TABLE will be prompt and -businesslike in replying to correspondents on receipt of letters. - -One of the best methods of exchange is through the books of one or the -other of the local societies or national philatelic associations. These -exchanges are conducted on a cash basis. Each member pays the manager of -the exchange department for all stamps taken from the books, and the -manager in turn pays the members for their stamps sold from the books, -and returns the unsold stamps. - - L. T. BRODSTONE, Superior, Neb.--Previous to 1890 all U.S. stamps - were made by private bank-note companies under contract with the - government. Since then the Bureau of Printing and Engraving at - Washington has made all the stamps. The envelopes and post-cards - are still made by private concerns under contract with the U.S. - government. There are several monumental collections in the U.S. - Probably the best is owned by a gentleman in one of the New England - States. The above-named wishes to exchange stamps. - - J. D. WATERMAN.--The difference between the Hartford and the - Philadelphia dies of the Centennial (1876) envelope is this: the - word "Postage" is in a label; in the Hartford die the lower line of - the label is single, in the Philadelphia die it is double. U.S. - stamps are printed in large sheets, and afterwards cut apart into - sheets of 100. The guide-lines are made to call attention to the - proper place for cutting. As nearly 10,000,000 of the 1c. and 2c. - stamps are used every day in the year, it is not likely that these - stamps will become rare even in a hundred years. - - H. C. BRANCH.--Just one cent. - - C. H. WILLISTON.--The 1809 half-dollar can be bought for 75c. - - S. S. LANGLEY.--The star in heraldry is five-pointed, as a rule. - The use of the six-pointed star by the U.S. Mint was probably an - accident in the beginning, but has now become fully established as - the custom. - - GEORGE BRIGHT.--About 10c. each. - - PHILATUS. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -MR. POULTNEY BIGELOW - -contributes a short story, - -HOW TOM RODMAN - -JOINED THE - -GERMAN ARMY, - -to the next number of - -HARPER'S ROUND TABLE - -Five Cents a copy. Two Dollars a year. - - * * * * * - -HARPER & BROTHERS, Publishers, N. Y. - - - - -[Illustration: IVORY SOAP] - - - - -Standards in Modern Literature - -PUBLISHED BY HARPER & BROTHERS - -ROLFE'S SHAKESPEARE. - -=Shakespeare.=* With Notes. By WILLIAM J. ROLFE. Copiously Illustrated. 40 -Vols., 16mo, Flexible Cloth, 56 cents per volume; Paper, 40 cents per -volume. - -=The Friendly Edition of Shakespeare.= 40 Vols, in 20. By WILLIAM J. -ROLFE. Illustrated. Per Set, 16mo, Sheets, $22.00; Cloth, $25.00; Half -Leather, $35.00. - -CHARLES DICKENS. - -=Harper's Household Dickens.= In 16 vols., Royal 8vo, Paper, $14.00; -Cloth, $22.00. Illustrated by E. A. ABBEY and others. - -TENNYSON. - -=Songs from the Published Writings of Alfred Tennyson.= Set to Music by -Eminent Composers. Edited by W. G. CUSINS. Ill'd. Royal 4to, Cloth, Gilt -Edges, $5.00. - -HOMER*. - -=Iliad.= The First Six Books. Edited by Dr. ANTHON. $1.20.--=Iliad.=-- -(Books XVI. to XXIV.). By W. S. TYLER, D.D., LL.D. $1.50.--=The Phaeacians -Episode of the Odyssey.= With Introduction, etc., by AUGUSTUS C. MERRIAM, -Ph.D. Illustrated. $1.50.--=Iliad.= =Odyssey.= Literally Translated by -=Theodore A. Buckley=. 75 cents each.--=Tales from the Odyssey.= By -C. M. B. 30 cents. - -EURIPIDES.* - -=The Tragedies of Euripides.= Literally Translated. 2 Vols., Cloth, 75 -cents each. - -=An English Commentary on the Rhesus, Medea, Hippolytus, Alcestis, -Heraclidae, Supplices, and Troades.= By Dr. ANTHON. Cloth, 90 cents. - -=Text.= Ex Recensione FREDERICI A. PALEY. 3 vols., Cloth, 50 cents; Paper, -32 cents, each. - -AESCHYLUS.* - -=AEschylus.= Literally Translated by T. A. BUCKLEY. 75 cents. - -=AEschylus.= Ex Novissima Recensione F. A. PALEY. Paper, 32 cents; Cloth, -50 cents. - -VIRGIL.* - -=Text.= Ex Recensione J. CONINGTON. Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 32 cents. - -=Eclogues and Georgics.= Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20. - -=AEneid.= Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20. - -=The Works of Virgil.= Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents. - -SOPHOCLES.* - -Text. Ex Novissima Recensione GULIELMI DINDORFII. Cloth, 50 cents; -Paper, 32 cents. - -The Antigone. By M. W. HUMPHREY. Cloth, $1.50. - -Literal Translation. Cloth, 75 cents. - -Translated by T. FRANCKLIN. Cloth, 75 cents. - -HORACE.* - -=Text.= Quinti Horatii Flacci Opera Omnia. Ex Recensione A. J. MACLEANE. -Paper. 32 cents; Cloth, 50 cents.--=Text.= And a Life of Horace by MILMAN. -Edited by Dr. ANTHON. Sheep, $1.20.--Translated by PHILIP FRANCIS, D.D., -and others. 2 vols. $1.50. - -THACKERAY. - -=Harper's Household Edition.= With Illustrations by GEORGE DU MAURIER and -the Author. Novels, 6 Vols.; Miscellanies, 5 Vols. 12mo, Cloth, $1.25 -per vol.; $12.00 per set. - -SAMUEL TAYLOR COLERIDGE. - -=The Complete Works of Samuel Taylor Coleridge.= With an Introductory -Essay upon his Philosophical and Theological Opinions. Library Edition. -Edited by Professor W. G. T. SHEDD. With an Index. In 7 Volumes. 12mo, -Cloth, $2.00 per Volume, or $12.00 per set. - -GOETHE. - -=Faust.= Translated by JOHN ANSTER. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; Paper, 50 -cents. - -WILLIAM WORDSWORTH. - -=Poems.= Chosen and Edited by MATTHEW ARNOLD. 32mo, Paper, 50 cents. - -=Select Poems.=* By W. J. ROLFE. 16mo, Cloth, 56 cents; Paper, 40 cents. - -=A Selection from the Sonnets.= With Numerous Illustrations by ALFRED -PARSONS. 4to, Full Leather, Gilt Edges, $5.00. (_In a Box._) - -VICTOR HUGO. - -=Things Seen.= With Portrait. 16mo, Cloth, 75 cents; 12mo, Paper, 25 -cents. - -JAMES RUSSELL LOWELL. - -=The Letters of James Russell Lowell.= Edited by CHARLES ELIOT NORTON. -With Portrait, 2 vols., 8vo, Cloth, $8.00; Half Calf, $12.50. (_In a -Box._) - -* _To the prices given above, in the cases of School and College -Text-Books, as indicated by asterisks, 10% should be added for -postage._ - - - - -Life In the Regular Army. - - Most people who see members of the National Guard in showy uniforms - and on dress parade, and some people who see United States regular - troops on pleasant Sunday afternoons, sitting on the banks at Fort - Wadsworth, and enjoying the exquisite views of New York upper and - lower bays, get the notion that a soldier's life is a jolly and a - lazy one. I can speak from experience when I state that the life of - an enlisted man in a heavy battery of the United States artillery - is not always jolly, and not as lazy as it sometimes appears. - - One needs good references and a better body to get into the regular - army. Many American young men who have the inclination to enter the - army have not the physique, and so it happens that the American - service has, one might almost say, every nationality in it except - Americans. - - I belong to Battery D, First Artillery, which was stationed at Fort - Wadsworth when I enlisted, but has since been transferred to - Jackson Barracks, a few miles out of New Orleans. Although much - under thirty, I have seen service in a foreign country's armed - forces, and have been in many parts of the world. Like most other - Americans who enter the army, I enlisted in small part because I - thought I might like the service, and in great part because I could - not, just then, find anything else to do. The physical examinations - to get into the service are most rigid, and there is much of what - people call "red tape," but I suppose all of the latter is - necessary. - - Recruits in the United States Army are called "Rookies"--why, I - don't know. You can readily tell a rookie from a veteran. A - rookie's earliest interest concerns his "kit," which is his - personal property, although issued to him by the quarter-master. - The kit comprises a great number of articles, including - under-clothing, shoes, collars, white cotton and fur gloves, half a - dozen styles of caps, a dress-coat, and a brown canvas suit for - "fatigue" duty. Each man is allowed $60 the first year, $28 the - second, and $30 the third to spend for clothing. The government - loans to him a bedstead, mattress, sheets, pillow, clothes box and - bag, besides gun, canteen, knife, fork, and some other odd things. - - Barrack life is not one which every man can take a liking to at - first. The enlisted man, in scores of cases, is a rover, to begin - with. But a company of such men thrown together presently find - their "bunkies." They pair off by a sort of natural selection. The - accidents of the mess, or of walking post, or guard duty lead to a - rough-and-ready friendship. - - A trying period for the recruit is while he is in the sergeant's - training, getting his first lessons in drill. This he begins - without gun--or arms, as the gun is called in the army. It is not - till he has had these private lessons for three months that he is - turned over for duty, walks his first post, and comes to be - regarded by his fellows as a full-fledged soldier. - - [Illustration: THE YARD, JACKSON BARRACKS.] - - In the morning no one comes and tells a fellow that breakfast is - ready. At Fort Wadsworth the bugle sounded at 5.30 in summer, and 6 - in winter. Ten minutes later reveille sounds, a gun is fired, the - flag is raised on the post staff--a large flag for a pleasant day, - and a smaller one for a stormy day--and the fort is swarming with - men running here and there, and going down stairs three steps at a - bound. Assembly for roll-call is only five minutes after - reveille--not a long time to wash and dress. But a fellow in the - service has to do as he is commanded. You have heard of the captain - who told the recruit that there were three things to do to make a - good soldier. The first was to obey orders; the second, to obey - orders; and the third, to obey orders. There are mess-call for - breakfast, sick-call for hospital, and fatigue-call for men who are - to do extra duty, like mowing weeds, moving guns, or maybe milking - the colonel's cow, should he keep one. Then those remaining in - barracks spend half an hour swinging clubs, running, jumping, or - other exercise to develop the muscles. Each post commander fixes - the hours for drills within certain limits, but guard-mount comes - early in the fore-noon, is usually performed in full-dress uniform, - and executed the same in all military posts. A new guard goes on - and relieves the old one. There is quiet in the post, save for the - bugle that marks the hours, till half past eleven, when recall is - sounded. At twelve dinner is ready. At one work begins again, if - there is work to do, and lasts till half past four. Supper is at - five, and at sunset there is dress parade. The work done is, - cleaning up the reservation, mounting or moving guns, digging - ditches, and doing a lot of things that don't appear in accounts of - military manoeuvres and show parades. - - In winter school is kept, usually by one of the commissioned - officers, when there are classes in range-finding, knotting and - splicing ropes, gunnery, and the like. - - Sunset parade is what the soldier's lady friends always come to - see. It is ceremonious. Let me tell you about it. All are obliged - to answer the call for it, and fall in on their respective - parade-grounds, neatly dressed, shoes polished, white gloves on, - and arms bright. The first sergeant calls the roll, and brings the - company or battery to parade rest. The adjutant, or officer of the - day, now takes charge, and by a wave of the hand notifies the chief - trumpeter to sound off retreat. At the last sound of the bugle the - corporal of the guard fires the evening gun, and another member of - the guard hauls down the flag. The first sergeants report the - presence or absence of the men, and the corporal of the guard locks - up the colors, to remain so till reveille next morning. - - This ends the day's routine of a regular army enlisted man in - barracks, and he may go where he pleases until eleven, when taps is - sounded. At taps the lights must go out. A check-roll is taken to - see if any men are absent. This is done by a sergeant or corporal, - who takes a list of names of the men, and, with a lantern for - light, goes through the rooms to see if each man is in bed. - - Special permission is granted to men of good character to absent - themselves from retreat, check-roll call, and reveille every day - when not on special duty. At Fort Wadsworth, which, with Fort - Hamilton, guards the entrance to New York harbor, most men have the - afternoons off, and not a few of them put them in in sleep. There - is a fascination about the soldier's life. And yet most men in it - wish themselves out of it, and are always looking forward to the - end of their enlistments, or speculating whether it will pay them - to buy their releases. Sometimes we have entertainments in the post - hall, and on Sundays the reservation swarms with sight-seers, who - ask innumerable questions, some sensible, others otherwise. Do I - like a soldier's life? Yes, though I often, as do others in the - service, I fancy, build air-castles about what I would do if out of - it. - - FREDERIC WILKENS. - JACKSON BARRACKS, NEW ORLEANS. - - * * * * * - -Questions and Answers. - -James F. Rodgers: The best researches in the line you indicate have been -made by the national government, which has explored, measured, and dug -over a great part of the ruins of the homes of former cliff dwellers and -Aztec Indians. The Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum, -Washington, contain many pictures, surveys, etc., of these ruins. We -know of no society engaged in such study, or, at least, none that makes -excavations.--Ethel R. Betts: Greek is now required for entrance to -Barnard, but some changes are to be made in the requirements. See the -answer of the Registrar published in this column, No. 902.--Bessie H. -asks how she can get foreign postage-stamps. In several ways. She can -buy them from a dealer; she can trade with friends for them; she can -send the money to some post-office in the country the stamps of which -she desires; or she can write to correspondents in foreign countries -whose names she finds in the ROUND TABLE or other publication. - -Marian E. P. Greene, Jamacha, Cal., writes: "A Swiss friend, much -interested in autograph-collecting, has sent me one of her 'traders'--an -autograph of Emile Zola--with the request that I exchange it for some -well-known American or English writer. I also have the autograph of -Princess Victoria of Schleswig-Holstein, generally known as Princess -Christian. This I will be glad to trade for an American autograph, or -will send it with Zola's in exchange for a very good one. I would much -like to have the ROUND TABLE dated December 25, 1895, and will send ten -cents in stamps to any Knight or Lady who can procure it for me. If a -Lady of the Round Table has passed her eighteenth birthday, can she -still write to the TABLE from time to time, and send questions to be -answered, or must she give up this privilege?" She need not give up the -privilege. The TABLE is glad to receive morsels descriptive of -interesting places, people, and things. - -An Orange subscriber asks where he can see pictures of the different -ships of our navy. In HARPER'S WEEKLY, files of which you will find in -your local library. If you wish to possess them, you can procure back -numbers of the WEEKLY. Consult the file to see what numbers you desire. -In the WEEKLY you will find not only pictures of all our naval ships, -but pictures of some of the larger ones in several positions.--"A. H. S." -asks: "If a picture takes a prize in your Camera Club Competition and is -printed in your paper, are you the holder of a copyright on said -picture? And also if it may be submitted for printing in another journal -at some future time?" Each issue of most periodicals is copyrighted. -That copyright covers everything in the issue. Where a photograph has -been reproduced in a periodical, whether HARPER'S ROUND TABLE or some -other, it is best to ask the publishers' permission about using it -again. That permission can generally be obtained, or at least a plate -purchased. Of course one would hardly enter a prize-picture in another -prize competition. That might be fair, but one cannot afford to appear -over-greedy. - -Richard Stark, Jun., sends us the following: - -"Where can I get setting-boards for setting butterflies and moths? Is a -microscope costing from $3 to $5 powerful enough to properly examine -plants and insects? Is there any Chapter or society of young naturalists -for exchanging specimens of natural history? If so, I would like to hear -from it." Make the setting-boards yourself. The ROUND TABLE published -directions for using them only a short time since. A low-priced -microscope will answer very well for examining plants, but a more -powerful one is needed for insects. You say "properly" examining. Much -depends on how important you regard the word "properly." As a general -rule, it is poor economy to purchase cheap scientific instruments. If -you can afford a microscope costing $8 to $20, you will find it much -more satisfactory. Might you not secure one on approval?--A New York -member asks for a proof of a prize-story which the ROUND TABLE desires -to have illustrated. We regret to say we have no such story at present, -and no plans have been made to have our prize-stories illustrated this -year. - - * * * * * - -Woman's Bicycle Distance Record. - -Here is an interesting query. "A. M." asks the woman's bicycle distance -record. She says hers, ridden during one year, is 5700 miles. She asks -if she holds the record. Let us hear from members on this interesting -point. - - * * * * * - -THAT WONDERFUL SAIL. - -HARPER'S ROUND TABLE has rarely published a puzzle that so exercised the -minds of its young friends and led to so much instructive research. A -curious thing about the contest was the fact that questions thought in -advance to be difficult were answered readily, while some quite easy -questions were missed by almost every solver. Such an outcome has never -before been known in all of these many contests. For example, the sign -at the boat-landing, and the three riddles 21, 22, and 23, were put into -the puzzle as "stickers." Yet more than half the solvers answered all -three of the riddles, and every one of them, save perhaps a half-dozen, -discovered the keys to the landing sign, much to the astonishment of the -puzzle's author. Of the riddles, the one that proved the most difficult -was 22. On the other hand, the "Mad Yankee" and the "Bad Lands of the -Say It," both quite easy, were missed by almost everybody. Such a fact -is no less astonishing than that all should guess the hard questions. - -The question was asked by one solver, if an answer fitting the question -perfectly is thrown out or counted wrong, provided it does not chance to -have been the propounder's answer to the question. The answer is an -emphatic no. All answers that fit the questions are accepted, of course, -and in case of doubt the solver is given the benefit. In the correct -answers herewith given, those put down first are the propounder's -answers; succeeding ones, if any, those found by the solvers, and -accepted because they answer the questions. Solvers are asked to read -them, and immediately afterward the explanation which follows: - -1. Ba(Lear)ic--Prospero. 2. Edu(Cato)r. 3. Mis (Solon)ghi--Socrates. 4. -Better leave bad company behind. 5. Noah Webster. 6. Elisha Kent Kane. -7. S(cave)nger. 8. Gras(shop)per--Para(a city in Brazil) site. 9. -I(magi)nation--pre(sage). 10. Cor(rug)ation--(fur)row--s(cowl). 11. -A(string)ent--(cord)ial--por(twine). 12. G(litter)ing--b(rig)ht. 13. -Es(cap)ade--dis(turban)ce--false(hood). 14. Re(quire)ment. 15. S(corn)er. -16. Se(map)hore. 17. Ser(vice)able. 18. H(alb)erd. 19. B(ranch)ie. 20. -In(scrip)tion--prescription. 21. Cheese. 22. A clay pipe. 23. Rabbit's -foot. 24. Ce(rum)en--whiskey in ear of corn. 25. Re(cup)eration. 26. -B(rake)man. 27. S(crib)e--S(cot)t--Al(cot)t--Pres(cot)t. 28. -Hot(tent)ot--A(shanti). 29. S(heath)ing. 30. S(hut)ter. 31. Quad(rill)e. -32. Ro(pew)alk. 33. Sal(a man)der. 34. Sy(nag)ogue. 35. The Land of -Steady Habits (Connecticut). - -In 1 and 3 a doubt honestly arose whether hidden names or facts were -intended. Hence both were allowed. In 6, "Mad" Anthony Wayne was not the -mad Yankee, because he was born in Pennsylvania, of Irish parents. In 9, -many gave "mage" in "image" for "magi," which was, of course, not -allowed, and others gave "judge" in "judgement," meaning perhaps -"judgment," as if it were expected solvers would misspell words. In 21, -"milk" is not allowable because it is not subjected to great pressure. -In 22, "iron" would not do for several reasons--see conditions. In 23, -"horseshoe" does not fit, because not a serious loss to its owner, as is -the rabbit's foot. That which is used by masons is the hair--in plaster. -The last question, which almost everybody missed, is a simple anagram, -not nearly so difficult to rearrange as the alphabetical cipher in 4. - -The highest honor and a substantial prize of $20 were won by Bryant K. -Hussey, who lives in Chicago and is 16 years of age. He gave correct -answers to all save 6 and 35. The second honors, with prize of $5 to -each, go to sisters who live in a pretty Virginia town. Their names are -Amy Ralston and Katherine B. Rogers. The other prize-winners are Francis -C. Pequignot, of Philadelphia, $4, and the following six, to each of -whom $1 is awarded: Lewis P. Churchill, of Nova Scotia; Eunice K. Jones, -of Ohio; Robert H. Mead, Raymond Tilley, and Joseph B. Eastman, of -Pennsylvania; and Pierre W. Saxton, of Otsego County, New York. - -In these awards an honor list is made--an unusual concession--and -deservedly at the head of this list is placed the name of Master M. L. -Hamlin, aged nine, who lives in Yonkers, New York. The others, whose -names follow, correctly answered thirty of the thirty-five questions: -Maddie C. Marshall, South Carolina; Roy Culbertson, Kentucky; Bayard B. -Rodman, Long Island; Alice B. Tobey, Ohio; Harold F. Gaston and Bessie -Jones, Pennsylvania; Maude G. Corcoran, Maryland; Kathryn A. Fisher, -Michigan; Paul F. Case and Claude S. Smith, Monroe County, New York; -Anna W. James, New Jersey; and L. J. Martin, Kansas. - - - - -ADVERTISEMENTS. - - - - -Arnold - -Constable & Co. - -Ladies' - -Spring Woollens. - -_Covert and Whipcord Suitings,_ - -_English, Scotch, and Irish Homespuns,_ - -_Venetians, Mixed Meltons,_ - -_Plain Faced Cloths,_ - -for Tailor-made Costumes. - -_Black and Colored Serges,_ - -_Plaid Black Cloths,_ - -for Bicycle and Golf Skirts. - -_Fancy Ducks, Crash._ - -Broadway & 19th st. - -NEW YORK. - - - - -"A perfect type of the highest order - -of excellence in manufacture." - -[Illustration: Walter Baker] - -COSTS LESS THAN ONE CENT A CUP - -Be sure that you get the - -genuine article, made at - -DORCHESTER, MASS., - -By WALTER BAKER & CO., Ltd. - -Established 1780. - - - - -Postage Stamps, &c. - - - - -[Illustration] - -STAMPS! 300 genuine mixed Victoria, Cape, India, Japan, Etc., with Stamp -Album, only 10c. New 96-page price-list =FREE=. Approval Sheets, 50% com. -Agents Wanted. We buy old U.S. & Conf. Stamps & Collections. =STANDARD -STAMP CO., St. Louis, Mo., Established 1885.= - - - - -[Illustration] - -=ALBUM AND LIST FREE!= Also 100 all diff. Venezuela, Bolivia, etc., only -10c. Agts. wanted at 50% Com. =C. A. Stegmann=, 5941 Cote Brilliant Ave., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -=104= all different, Bolivia, &c., 10c. Finest approval sheets at 50% -discount. Agents wanted. 1897 price-list free. Shaw Stamp & Coin Co., -Jackson, Mich. - - - - -=AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER= circular sent FREE. Write now. =F. J. STANTON, -Norwich, N. Y.= - - - - -=FREE!= Sample P'k (250) Stamp Hinges with New Stamp List. DOVER & CO., -St. Louis, Mo. - - - - -U.S. Postage and Rev. Fine approval sheets. Agts. wanted. - -P. S. CHAPMAN, Box 151, Bridgeport, Ct. - - - - -=55= Foreign Stamps, Shanghai, Costa Rica, Bolivia, etc. 3c. H. L. -ASHFIELD, 767 Prospect Av., N. Y. - - - - -BOYS & GIRLS - -make money selling my Household Article. Needed in every house. Send =4 -cents= in stamps for sample, and start to work. =C. D. BABCOCK, 71 Nassau -St., N. Y.= - - - - -PLAYS - -Dialogues, Speakers for School, Club and Parlor. Catalogue free. - -T. S. DENISON, Publisher, Chicago, Ill. - - - - -HOOPING-COUGH - -CROUP. - -Roche's Herbal Embrocation. - -The celebrated and effectual English Cure without internal medicine. -Proprietors, W. EDWARD & SON, Queen Victoria St., London, England. All -Druggists. - -E. Fougera & Co., 30 North William St., N. Y. - - - - -MEFISTO SCARF PIN. - -[Illustration] - -A brand new joke: Mefisto's bulging eyes, bristling ears and ghastly -grin invite curiosity every time when worn on scarf or lapel, and it is -fully satisfied when by pressing the rubber ball concealed in your -inside pocket you souse your inquiring friend with water. Throws a -stream 30 feet; hose 16 in. long; 1-1/2 inch ball; handsome -silver-oxidized face colored in hard enamel; worth 25c. as a pin and a -dollar as a joker; sent as a sample of our 3000 specialties with 112 -page catalogue post-paid for ONLY 15c.; 2 for 25c.; $1.40 Doz. AGENTS -Wanted. - -ROBT. H. INGERSOLL & BRO., - -Dept. No. 62, 65 & 67 Cortlandt Street, New York City. - - - - -[Illustration: AN ALARMING CUSTOMER. - -THE WILD MARCH HARE. "SAY, I'M WILD! GIVE ME A SEDATIVE, QUICK!"] - - * * * * * - -AN INGENIOUS DEFENCE. - -An old darky was brought before a Southern magistrate, not long ago, -accused of stealing a neighbor's chickens when the nights were dark and -no one stirred abroad. The old man put up a long but weak argument, -seizing upon every possible straw to support his defence. The evidence -was too strong, however, and matters were rapidly approaching a climax -that meant a month of idleness in the town jail. The thought of this and -the attendant ignominy stirred the old darky to a point where he did -nothing but splutter out, - -"'Pon my honor, jedge, Ise--er--Ise didn't done take 'em." - -At last the judge grew tired, and was about to sentence him, when a -broad smile illuminated the darky's face as he cried out, - -"I's got it, jedge; Ise can prove an alibi 'bout dem chickens." - -"Well, what is it?" exclaimed the judge. - -"You see, jedge, no poor colored man could take dem chickens at -night-time." - -"How's that?--what do you mean?" - -"'Cause, jedge, dey's nothin' but roosters at night, and de charge am dat -I took chickens." - -The ingenuity of the defence won the day. - - * * * * * - -NO DUPLICITY HERE. - -The story is told of an English and an Irish trooper who were scouting -against the Matabele in South Africa recently. A band of savages -suddenly burst from behind some rocks and started for the men. They -jumped upon their horses and fled over the rough country, but the -Irishman kept falling to the rear of his companion. - -"Confound you, Mike!" exclaimed the Englishman; "ride, ride for your -life! You'll be caught!" - -"Go 'long wid you!" replied the Irish trooper, who was doing his best; -"do you think I'm throwin' the race?" - - * * * * * - -ONE OF THE FAMILY. - -It may interest some of our readers to glance through this short -characteristic sketch of James Seymour, born in London in 1702, which is -more strongly impressive than many longer memoirs. The fact that he -displayed a fondness for drawing and painting in boyhood, and -subsequently gained celebrity by his skill in designing horses, is too -well known to comment upon. Once the proud Duke of Somerset employed -Seymour to paint a room at his seat in Sussex with the portraits of his -running-horses. Having admitted the artist to his table, he one day -drank to him, saying, - -"Cousin Seymour, your health." - -The painter replied, "My lord, I really believe that I have the honor of -being of your Grace's family." - -This hurt the pride of the Duke so much that he rose from the table and -ordered his Steward to pay Seymour and dismiss him. Finding, however, -that no one in England could complete the pictures begun, he -condescended to send for his cousin. The painter responded to the -message in these words: - -"My lord, I will now prove that I am of your Grace's family, for I won't -come." - - * * * * * - -ENOUGH FOR HIM. - -The approach of St. Patrick's day reminds one of a little incident, -laughable enough, that took place during last year's parade in New York. -The gallant sons of Ireland had turned out resplendent in their green -regalias, marching with proud step to the music of the band. Those on -horses cantered along as best as the legs of their weak-spirited nags -would permit. One jovial son had considerable trouble with his horse, -which seemed possessed with the insane idea that he was the whole -procession, much to the annoyance and at the same time amusement of the -other paraders. At last the animal, during one of its erratic movements, -caught a hoof in one of the stirrups. That settled it. With a look of -infinite disgust the rider exclaimed, - -"Faith, if yez are going to git up, me boy, thin it's toime for me to -git down." And he thereupon dismounted. - - * * * * * - -EXPERIENCE. - -"My daddy's awful good to me," said Jennie, "treats me just like I was -his sister." - -"Pulls your hair, does he?" asked Flossie, who has a brother. - - * * * * * - -BOBBIE'S BILL. - -Bobbie has been learning business methods recently, which may account -for a bill which his father found recently upon the breakfast table, -reading as follows: - - NEW YORK, _January_ 15, 1897. - - MR. PAPA TO BOBBIE, _Dr._ - - For not paying him his allowance for three weeks, - at 25 cents a week .75 - Interest at 6% .05 - --- - .80 - -Please pay up! - - * * * * * - -AN ACCOMPLISHMENT. - -"I can run faster than you can, Hal," bragged Jimmie. - -"That's all right," returned Harry; "but I can stand faster than you -can, and when war breaks out they'll think more of me than they will of -you." - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Harper's Round Table, March 2, 1897, by Various - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK HARPER'S ROUND TABLE, MARCH *** - -***** This file should be named 60823.txt or 60823.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/0/8/2/60823/ - -Produced by Annie R. 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