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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6bcdaeb --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #62514 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62514) diff --git a/old/62514-0.txt b/old/62514-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 86337ee..0000000 --- a/old/62514-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2130 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg EBook of Jakata tales, by Ellen C. Babbitt - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Jakata tales - -Author: Ellen C. Babbitt - -Illustrator: Ellsworth Young - -Release Date: June 28, 2020 [EBook #62514] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAKATA TALES *** - - - - -Produced by Carlos Colón, the University of North Carolina -at Chapel Hill and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - Transcriber's Notes: - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by - =equal signs=. - - Small uppercase have been replaced with regular uppercase. - - Blank pages have been eliminated. - - Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the - original. - - - - - Jataka Tales - - - Re-told by - Ellen C. Babbitt - - - With illustrations by - Ellsworth Young - - - [Illustration] - - - New York - The Century Co. - 1912 - - - - - COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY - THE CENTURY CO. - - _Published, September, 1912_ - - - - - Dedicated - to - DOT - - - - -FOREWORD - - -Long ago I was captivated by the charm of the Jataka Tales and realized -the excellent use that might be made of them in the teaching of -children. The obvious lessons are many of them suitable for little -people, and beneath the obvious there are depths and depths of meaning -which they may learn to fathom later on. The Oriental setting lends an -additional fascination. I am glad that Miss Babbitt has undertaken to -put together this collection, and commend it freely to teachers and -parents. - - FELIX ADLER. - - - - -CONTENTS - - PAGE - - I THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE 3 - - II HOW THE TURTLE SAVED HIS OWN LIFE 10 - - III THE MERCHANT OF SERI 13 - - IV THE TURTLE WHO COULDN'T STOP TALKING 18 - - V THE OX WHO WON THE FORFEIT 21 - - VI THE SANDY ROAD 25 - - VII THE QUARREL OF THE QUAILS 30 - - VIII THE MEASURE OF RICE 34 - - IX THE FOOLISH, TIMID RABBIT 39 - - X THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH MERCHANT 44 - - XI THE ELEPHANT GIRLY-FACE 52 - - XII THE BANYAN DEER 58 - - XIII THE PRINCES AND THE WATER-SPRITE 63 - - XIV THE KING'S WHITE ELEPHANT 69 - - XV THE OX WHO ENVIED THE PIG 74 - - XVI GRANNIE'S BLACKIE 77 - - XVII THE CRAB AND THE CRANE 84 - - XVIII WHY THE OWL IS NOT KING OF THE BIRDS 90 - - - - -PUBLISHER'S NOTE - - -The Jatakas, or Birth-stories, form one of the sacred books of the -Buddhists and relate to the adventures of the Buddha in his former -existences, the best character in any story being identified with the -Master. - -These legends were continually introduced into the religious discourses -of the Buddhist teachers to illustrate the doctrines of their faith or -to magnify the glory and sanctity of the Buddha, somewhat as medieval -preachers in Europe used to enliven their sermons by introducing fables -and popular tales to rouse the flagging interest of their hearers. - -Sculptured scenes from the Jatakas, found upon the carved railings -around the relic shrines of Sanchi and Amaravati and of Bharhut, -indicate that the "Birth-stories" were widely known in the third -century B.C., and were then considered as part of the sacred history of -the religion. At first the tales were probably handed down orally, and -it is uncertain when they were put together in systematic form. - -While some of the stories are Buddhistic and depend for their point -on some custom or idea peculiar to Buddhism, many are age-old fables, -the flotsam and jetsam of folk-lore, which have appeared under various -guises throughout the centuries, as when they were used by Boccaccio or -Poggio, merely as merry tales, or by Chaucer, who unwittingly puts a -Jataka story into the mouth of his pardoners when he tells the tale of -"the Ryotoures three." - -Quaint humor and gentle earnestness distinguish these legends and -they teach many wholesome lessons, among them the duty of kindness to -animals. - -Dr. Felix Adler in his "Moral Instruction of Children," says: - - The Jataka Tales contain deep truths, and are calculated to - impress lessons of great moral beauty. The tale of the Merchant of - Seri, who gave up all that he had in exchange for a golden dish, - embodies much the same idea as the parable of the priceless Pearl, - in the New Testament. The tale of the Measure of Rice illustrates - the importance of a true estimate of values. The tale of the - Banyan Deer, which offered its life to save a doe and her young, - illustrates self-sacrifice of the noblest sort. The tale of the - Sandy Road is one of the finest in the collection. - -And he adds that these tales "are, as everyone must admit, nobly -conceived, lofty in meaning, and many a helpful sermon might be -preached from them as texts." - -[Illustration] - - - - -Jataka Tales - - - - -I - -THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE - - -PART I - -A monkey lived in a great tree on a river bank. - -In the river there were many Crocodiles. - -A Crocodile watched the Monkeys for a long time, and one day she said -to her son: "My son, get one of those Monkeys for me. I want the heart -of a Monkey to eat." - -"How am I to catch a Monkey?" asked the little Crocodile. "I do not -travel on land, and the Monkey does not go into the water." - -"Put your wits to work, and you'll find a way," said the mother. - -And the little Crocodile thought and thought. - -At last he said to himself: "I know what I'll do. I'll get that Monkey -that lives in a big tree on the river bank. He wishes to go across the -river to the island where the fruit is so ripe." - -So the Crocodile swam to the tree where the Monkey lived. But he was a -stupid Crocodile. - -"Oh, Monkey," he called, "come with me over to the island where the -fruit is so ripe." - -"How can I go with you?" asked the Monkey. "I do not swim." - -"No--but I do. I will take you over on my back," said the Crocodile. - -The Monkey was greedy, and wanted the ripe fruit, so he jumped down on -the Crocodile's back. - -"Off we go!" said the Crocodile. - -"This is a fine ride you are giving me!" said the Monkey. - -"Do you think so? Well, how do you like this?" asked the Crocodile, -diving. - -"Oh, don't!" cried the Monkey, as he went under the water. He was -afraid to let go, and he did not know what to do under the water. - -When the Crocodile came up, the Monkey sputtered and choked. "Why did -you take me under water, Crocodile?" he asked. - -"I am going to kill you by keeping you under water," answered the -Crocodile. "My mother wants Monkey-heart to eat, and I'm going to take -yours to her." - -[Illustration: "Why did you take me under water, Crocodile?" he asked.] - -"I wish you had told me you wanted my heart," said the Monkey, "then I -might have brought it with me." - -"How queer!" said the stupid Crocodile. "Do you mean to say that you -left your heart back there in the tree?" - -"That is what I mean," said the Monkey. "If you want my heart, we must -go back to the tree and get it. But we are so near the island where the -ripe fruit is, please take me there first." - -"No, Monkey," said the Crocodile, "I'll take you straight back to your -tree. Never mind the ripe fruit. Get your heart and bring it to me at -once. Then we'll see about going to the island." - -"Very well," said the Monkey. - -But no sooner had he jumped onto the bank of the river than--whisk! up -he ran into the tree. - -From the topmost branches he called down to the Crocodile in the water -below: - -"My heart is way up here! If you want it, come for it, come for it!" - - -PART II - -The monkey soon moved away from that tree. - -He wanted to get away from the Crocodile, so that he might live in -peace. - -But the Crocodile found him, far down the river, living in another tree. - -In the middle of the river was an island covered with fruit-trees. - -Half-way between the bank of the river and the island, a large rock -rose out of the water. The Monkey could jump to the rock, and then to -the island. The Crocodile watched the Monkey crossing from the bank of -the river to the rock, and then to the island. - -He thought to himself, "The Monkey will stay on the island all day, and -I'll catch him on his way home at night." - -The Monkey had a fine feast, while the Crocodile swam about, watching -him all day. - -Toward night the Crocodile crawled out of the water and lay on the -rock, perfectly still. - -When it grew dark among the trees, the Monkey started for home. He ran -down to the river bank, and there he stopped. - -"What is the matter with the rock?" the Monkey thought to himself. "I -never saw it so high before. The Crocodile is lying on it!" - -But he went to the edge of the water and called: "Hello, Rock!" - -No answer. - -Then he called again: "Hello, Rock!" - -Three times the Monkey called, and then he said: "Why is it, Friend -Rock, that you do not answer me to-night?" - -"Oh," said the stupid Crocodile to himself, "the rock answers the -Monkey at night. I'll have to answer for the rock this time." - -So he answered: "Yes, Monkey! What is it?" - -The Monkey laughed, and said: "Oh, it's you, Crocodile, is it?" - -"Yes," said the Crocodile. "I am waiting here for you. I am going to -eat you." - -"You have caught me in a trap this time," said the Monkey. "There is no -other way for me to go home. Open your mouth wide so I can jump right -into it." - -[Illustration: The Monkey jumped.] - -Now the Monkey well knew that when Crocodiles open their mouths wide, -they shut their eyes. - -While the Crocodile lay on the rock with his mouth wide open and his -eyes shut, the Monkey jumped. - -But not into his mouth! Oh, no! He landed on the top of the Crocodile's -head, and then sprang quickly to the bank. Up he whisked into his tree. - -When the Crocodile saw the trick the Monkey had played on him, he said: -"Monkey, you have great cunning. You know no fear. I'll let you alone -after this." - -"Thank you, Crocodile, but I shall be on the watch for you just the -same," said the Monkey. - - - - -II - -HOW THE TURTLE SAVED HIS OWN LIFE - - -A king once had a lake made in the courtyard for the young princes to -play in. They swam about in it, and sailed their boats and rafts on it. -One day the king told them he had asked the men to put some fishes into -the lake. - -Off the boys ran to see the fishes. Now, along with the fishes, there -was a Turtle. The boys were delighted with the fishes, but they had -never seen a Turtle, and they were afraid of it, thinking it was a -demon. They ran back to their father, crying, "There is a demon on the -bank of the lake." - -The king ordered his men to catch the demon, and to bring it to the -palace. When the Turtle was brought in, the boys cried and ran away. - -The king was very fond of his sons, so he ordered the men who had -brought the Turtle to kill it. - -"How shall we kill it?" they asked. - -"Pound it to powder," said some one. "Bake it in hot coals," said -another. - -[Illustration: "Throw the thing into the lake."] - -So one plan after another was spoken of. Then an old man who had always -been afraid of the water said: "Throw the thing into the lake where it -flows out over the rocks into the river. Then it will surely be killed." - -When the Turtle heard what the old man said, he thrust out his head and -asked: "Friend, what have I done that you should do such a dreadful -thing as that to me? The other plans were bad enough, but to throw me -into the lake! Don't speak of such a cruel thing!" - -When the king heard what the Turtle said, he told his men to take the -Turtle at once and throw it into the lake. - -The Turtle laughed to himself as he slid away down the river to his old -home. "Good!" he said, "those people do not know how safe I am in the -water!" - - - - -III - -THE MERCHANT OF SERI - - -There was once a merchant of Seri who sold brass and tinware. He went -from town to town, in company with another man, who also sold brass and -tinware. This second man was greedy, getting all he could for nothing, -and giving as little as he could for what he bought. - -When they went into a town, they divided the streets between them. Each -man went up and down the streets he had chosen, calling, "Tinware for -sale. Brass for sale." People came out to their door-steps, and bought, -or traded, with them. - -In one house there lived a poor old woman and her granddaughter. The -family had once been rich, but now the only thing they had left of all -their riches was a golden bowl. The grandmother did not know it was a -golden bowl, but she had kept this because her husband used to eat out -of it in the old days. It stood on a shelf among the other pots and -pans, and was not often used. - -[Illustration: He threw the bowl on the ground.] - -The greedy merchant passed this house, calling, "Buy my water-jars! Buy -my pans!" The granddaughter said: "Oh, Grandmother, do buy something -for me!" - -"My dear," said the old woman, "we are too poor to buy anything. I have -not anything to trade, even." - -"Grandmother, see what the merchant will give for the old bowl. We do -not use that, and perhaps he will take it and give us something we -want for it." - -The old woman called the merchant and showed him the bowl, saying, -"Will you take this, sir, and give the little girl here something for -it?" - -The greedy man took the bowl and scratched its side with a needle. -Thus he found that it was a golden bowl. He hoped he could get it for -nothing, so he said: "What is this worth? Not even a halfpenny." He -threw the bowl on the ground, and went away. - -By and by the other merchant passed the house. For it was agreed that -either merchant might go through any street which the other had left. -He called: "Buy my water-jars! Buy my tinware! Buy my brass!" - -The little girl heard him, and begged her grandmother to see what he -would give for the bowl. - -"My child," said the grandmother, "the merchant who was just here threw -the bowl on the ground and went away. I have nothing else to offer in -trade." - -"But, Grandmother," said the girl, "that was a cross man. This one -looks pleasant. Ask him. Perhaps he'll give some little tin dish." - -"Call him, then, and show it to him," said the old woman. - -As soon as the merchant took the bowl in his hands, he knew it was of -gold. He said: "All that I have here is not worth so much as this bowl. -It is a golden bowl. I am not rich enough to buy it." - -"But, sir, a merchant who passed here a few moments ago, threw it on -the ground, saying it was not worth a halfpenny, and he went away," -said the grandmother. "It was worth nothing to him. If you value it, -take it, giving the little girl some dish she likes for it." - -But the merchant would not have it so. He gave the woman all the money -he had, and all his wares. "Give me but eight pennies," he said. - -So he took the pennies, and left. Going quickly to the river, he paid -the boatman the eight pennies to take him across the river. - -Soon the greedy merchant went back to the house where he had seen the -golden bowl, and said: "Bring that bowl to me, and I will give you -something for it." - -"No," said the grandmother. "You said the bowl was worthless, but -another merchant has paid a great price for it, and taken it away." - -[Illustration: "It is a golden bowl."] - -Then the greedy merchant was angry, crying out, "Through this other man -I have lost a small fortune. That bowl was of gold." - -He ran down to the riverside, and, seeing the other merchant in the -boat out in the river, he called: "Hallo, Boatman! Stop your boat!" - -But the man in the boat said: "Don't stop!" So he reached the city on -the other side of the river, and lived well for a time on the money the -bowl brought him. - - - - -IV - -THE TURTLE WHO COULDN'T STOP TALKING - - -A turtle lived in a pond at the foot of a hill. Two young wild Geese, -looking for food, saw the Turtle, and talked with him. The next day -the Geese came again to visit the Turtle and they became very well -acquainted. Soon they were great friends. - -"Friend Turtle," the Geese said one day, "we have a beautiful home far -away. We are going to fly back to it to-morrow. It will be a long but -pleasant journey. Will you go with us?" - -"How could I? I have no wings," said the Turtle. - -"Oh, we will take you, if only you can keep your mouth shut, and say -not a word to anybody," they said. - -"I can do that," said the Turtle. "Do take me with you. I will do -exactly as you wish." - -[Illustration: "How could I go with you?" said the Turtle.] - -So the next day the Geese brought a stick and they held the ends of it. -"Now take the middle of this in your mouth, and don't say a word until -we reach home," they said. - -[Illustration: The Geese sprang into the air.] - -The Geese then sprang into the air, with the Turtle between them, -holding fast to the stick. - -The village children saw the two Geese flying along with the Turtle -and cried out: "Oh, see the Turtle up in the air! Look at the Geese -carrying a Turtle by a stick! Did you ever see anything more ridiculous -in your life!" - -The Turtle looked down and began to say, "Well, and if my friends carry -me, what business is that of yours?" when he let go, and fell dead at -the feet of the children. - -As the two Geese flew on, they heard the people say, when they came to -see the poor Turtle, "That fellow could not keep his mouth shut. He had -to talk, and so lost his life." - -[Illustration: "Oh, see the Turtle up in the air."] - - - - -V - -THE OX WHO WON THE FORFEIT - - -Long ago a man owned a very strong Ox. The owner was so proud of his -Ox, that he boasted to every man he met about how strong his Ox was. - -One day the owner went into a village, and said to the men there: "I -will pay a forfeit of a thousand pieces of silver if my strong Ox -cannot draw a line of one hundred wagons." - -The men laughed, and said: "Very well; bring your Ox, and we will tie a -hundred wagons in a line and see your Ox draw them along." - -So the man brought his Ox into the village. A crowd gathered to see the -sight. The hundred carts were in line, and the strong Ox was yoked to -the first wagon. - -Then the owner whipped his Ox, and said: "Get up, you wretch! Get -along, you rascal!" - -But the Ox had never been talked to in that way, and he stood still. -Neither the blows nor the hard names could make him move. - -[Illustration: "Get along, you rascal."] - -At last the poor man paid his forfeit, and went sadly home. There he -threw himself on his bed and cried: "Why did that strong Ox act so? -Many a time he has moved heavier loads easily. Why did he shame me -before all those people?" - -At last he got up and went about his work. When he went to feed the Ox -that night, the Ox turned to him and said: "Why did you whip me to-day? -You never whipped me before. Why did you call me 'wretch' and 'rascal'? -You never called me hard names before." - -Then the man said: "I will never treat you badly again. I am sorry I -whipped you and called you names. I will never do so any more. Forgive -me." - -"Very well," said the Ox. "To-morrow I will go into the village and -draw the one hundred carts for you. You have always been a kind master -until to-day. To-morrow you shall gain what you lost." - -The next morning the owner fed the Ox well, and hung a garland of -flowers about his neck. When they went into the village the men laughed -at the man again. - -They said: "Did you come back to lose more money?" - -"To-day I will pay a forfeit of two thousand pieces of silver if my Ox -is not strong enough to pull the one hundred carts," said the owner. - -So again the carts were placed in a line, and the Ox was yoked to the -first. A crowd came to watch again. The owner said: "Good Ox, show how -strong you are! You fine, fine creature!" And he patted his neck and -stroked his sides. - -[Illustration: A garland of flowers about his neck.] - -At once the Ox pulled with all his strength. The carts moved on until -the last cart stood where the first had been. - -Then the crowd shouted, and they paid back the forfeit the man had -lost, saying: "Your Ox is the strongest Ox we ever saw." - -And the Ox and the man went home, happy. - - - - -VI - -THE SANDY ROAD - - -Once upon a time a merchant, with his goods packed in many carts, came -to a desert. He was on his way to the country on the other side of the -desert. - -The sun shone on the fine sand, making it as hot as the top of a stove. -No man could walk on it in the sunlight. But at night, after the sun -went down, the sand cooled, and then men could travel upon it. - -So the merchant waited until after dark, and then set out. Besides the -goods that he was going to sell, he took jars of water and of rice, and -firewood, so that the rice could be cooked. - -All night long he and his men rode on and on. One man was the pilot. He -rode first, for he knew the stars, and by them he guided the drivers. - -At daybreak they stopped and camped. They unyoked the oxen, and fed -them. They built fires and cooked the rice. Then they spread a great -awning over all the carts and the oxen, and the men lay down under it -to rest until sunset. - -[Illustration: They built fires and cooked the rice.] - -In the early evening, they again built fires and cooked rice. After -supper, they folded the awning and put it away. They yoked the oxen, -and, as soon as the sand was cool, they started again on their journey -across the desert. - -Night after night they traveled in this way, resting during the heat -of the day. At last one morning the pilot said: "In one more night we -shall get out of the sand." The men were glad to hear this, for they -were tired. - -After supper that night the merchant said: "You may as well throw away -nearly all the water and the firewood. By to-morrow we shall be in the -city. Yoke the oxen and start on." - -Then the pilot took his place at the head of the line. But, instead of -sitting up and guiding the drivers, he lay down in the wagon on the -cushions. Soon he was fast asleep, because he had not slept for many -nights, and the light had been so strong in the daytime that he had not -slept well then. - -All night long the oxen went on. Near daybreak, the pilot awoke and -looked at the last stars fading in the light. "Halt!" he called to the -drivers. "We are in the same place where we were yesterday. The oxen -must have turned about while I slept." - -They unyoked the oxen, but there was no water for them to drink. They -had thrown away the water that was left the night before. So the -men spread the awning over the carts, and the oxen lay down, tired -and thirsty. The men, too, lay down saying, "The wood and water are -gone--we are lost." - -But the merchant said to himself, "This is no time for me to sleep. -I must find water. The oxen cannot go on if they do not have water to -drink. The men must have water. They cannot cook the rice unless they -have water. If I give up, we shall all be lost!" - -[Illustration: "There must be water somewhere below."] - - -On and on he walked, keeping close watch of the ground. At last he saw -a tuft of grass. "There must be water somewhere below, or that grass -would not be there," he said. - -He ran back, shouting to the men, "Bring the spade and the hammer!" - -They jumped up, and ran with him to the spot where the grass grew. -They began to dig, and by and by they struck a rock and could dig no -further. Then the merchant jumped down into the hole they had dug, and -put his ear to the rock. "I hear water running under this rock," he -called to them. "We must not give up!" Then the merchant came up out -of the hole and said to a serving-lad: "My boy, if you give up we are -lost! You go down and try!" - -The boy stood up straight and raised the hammer high above his head -and hit the rock as hard as ever he could. He would not give in. They -must be saved. Down came the hammer. This time the rock broke. And the -boy had hardly time to get out of the well before it was full of cool -water. The men drank as if they never could get enough, and then they -watered the oxen, and bathed. - -Then they split up their extra yokes and axles, and built a fire, and -cooked their rice. Feeling better, they rested through the day. They -set up a flag on the well for travelers to see. - -At sundown, they started on again, and the next morning reached the -city, where they sold the goods, and then returned home. - - - - -VII - -THE QUARREL OF THE QUAILS - - -Once upon a time many quails lived together in a forest. The wisest of -them all was their leader. - -A man lived near the forest and earned his living by catching quails -and selling them. Day after day he listened to the note of the leader -calling the quails. By and by this man, the fowler, was able to call -the quails together. Hearing the note the quails thought it was their -leader who called. - -When they were crowded together, the fowler threw his net over them and -off he went into the town, where he soon sold all the quails that he -had caught. - -The wise leader saw the plan of the fowler for catching the quails. He -called the birds to him and said, "This fowler is carrying away so many -of us, we must put a stop to it. I have thought of a plan; it is this: -The next time the fowler throws a net over you, each of you must put -your head through one of the little holes in the net. Then all of you -together must fly away to the nearest thorn-bush. You can leave the net -on the thorn-bush and be free yourselves." - -The quails said that was a very good plan and they would try it the -next time the fowler threw the net over them. - -The very next day the fowler came and called them together. Then he -threw the net over them. The quails lifted the net and flew away with -it to the nearest thorn-bush where they left it. They flew back to -their leader to tell him how well his plan had worked. - -The fowler was busy until evening getting his net off the thorns and he -went home empty-handed. The next day the same thing happened, and the -next. His wife was angry because he did not bring home any money, but -the fowler said, "The fact is those quails are working together now. -The moment my net is over them, off they fly with it, leaving it on a -thorn-bush. As soon as the quails begin to quarrel I shall be able to -catch them." - -Not long after this, one of the quails in alighting on their feeding -ground, trod by accident on another's head. "Who trod on my head?" -angrily cried the second. "I did; but I didn't mean to. Don't be -angry," said the first quail, but the second quail was angry and said -mean things. - -[Illustration: The quails lifted the net and flew away with it.] - -Soon all the quails had taken sides in this quarrel. When the fowler -came that day he flung his net over them, and this time instead of -flying off with it, one side said, "Now, you lift the net," and the -other side said, "Lift it yourself." - -"You try to make us lift it all," said the quails on one side. "No, we -don't!" said the others, "you begin and we will help," but neither side -began. - -So the quails quarreled, and while they were quarreling the fowler -caught them all in his net. He took them to town and sold them for a -good price. - -[Illustration: The fowler caught them all in his net.] - - - - -VIII - -THE MEASURE OF RICE - - -At one time a dishonest king had a man called the Valuer in his -court. The Valuer set the price which ought to be paid for horses and -elephants and the other animals. He also set the price on jewelry and -gold, and things of that kind. - -This man was honest and just, and set the proper price to be paid to -the owners of the goods. - -The king was not pleased with this Valuer, because he was honest. "If -I had another sort of a man as Valuer, I might gain more riches," he -thought. - -One day the king saw a stupid, miserly peasant come into the palace -yard. The king sent for the fellow and asked him if he would like to be -the Valuer. The peasant said he would like the position. So the king -had him made Valuer. He sent the honest Valuer away from the palace. - -Then the peasant began to set the prices on horses and elephants, upon -gold and jewels. He did not know their value, so he would say anything -he chose. As the king had made him Valuer, the people had to sell their -goods for the price he set. - -[Illustration: So they went before the king.] - -By and by a horse-dealer brought five hundred horses to the court of -this king. The Valuer came and said they were worth a mere measure of -rice. So the king ordered the horse-dealer to be given the measure of -rice, and the horses to be put in the palace stables. - -The horse-dealer went then to see the honest man who had been the -Valuer, and told him what had happened. - -"What shall I do?" asked the horse-dealer. - -"I think you can give a present to the Valuer which will make him do -and say what you want him to do and say," said the man. "Go to him and -give him a fine present, then say to him: 'You said the horses are -worth a measure of rice, but now tell what a measure of rice is worth! -Can you value that standing in your place by the king?' If he says he -can, go with him to the king, and I will be there, too." - -The horse-dealer thought this was a good idea. So he took a fine -present to the Valuer, and said what the other man had told him to say. - -The Valuer took the present, and said: "Yes, I can go before the king -with you and tell what a measure of rice is worth. I can value that -now." - -"Well, let us go at once," said the horse-dealer. So they went before -the king and his ministers in the palace. - -The horse-dealer bowed down before the king, and said: "O King, I have -learned that a measure of rice is the value of my five hundred horses. -But will the king be pleased to ask the Valuer what is the value of -the measure of rice?" - -[Illustration: He ran away from the laughing crowd.] - -The king, not knowing what had happened, asked: "How now, Valuer, what -are five hundred horses worth?" - -"A measure of rice, O King!" said he. - -"Very good, then! If five hundred horses are worth a measure of rice, -what is the measure of rice worth?" - -"The measure of rice is worth your whole city," replied the foolish -fellow. - -The ministers clapped their hands, laughing, and saying, "What a -foolish Valuer! How can such a man hold that office? We used to think -this great city was beyond price, but this man says it is worth only a -measure of rice." - -Then the king was ashamed, and drove out the foolish fellow. - -"I tried to please the king by setting a low price on the horses, and -now see what has happened to me!" said the Valuer, as he ran away from -the laughing crowd. - - - - -IX - -THE FOOLISH, TIMID RABBIT - - -Once upon a time, a Rabbit was asleep under a palm-tree. - -All at once he woke up, and thought: "What if the world should break -up! What then would become of me?" - -At that moment, some Monkeys dropped a cocoanut. It fell down on the -ground just back of the Rabbit. - -Hearing the noise, the Rabbit said to himself: "The earth is all -breaking up!" - -And he jumped up and ran just as fast as he could, without even looking -back to see what made the noise. - -[Illustration: He jumped up and ran.] - -Another Rabbit saw him running, and called after him, "What are you -running so fast for?" - -"Don't ask me!" he cried. - -But the other Rabbit ran after him, begging to know what was the matter. - -[Illustration: The lion.] - -Then the first Rabbit said: "Don't you know? The earth is all breaking -up!" - -And on he ran, and the second Rabbit ran with him. - -The next Rabbit they met ran with them when he heard that the earth was -all breaking up. - -One Rabbit after another joined them, until there were hundreds of -Rabbits running as fast as they could go. - -They passed a Deer, calling out to him that the earth was all breaking -up. The Deer then ran with them. - -[Illustration: Saw the animals running.] - -The Deer called to a Fox to come along because the earth was all -breaking up. - -On and on they ran, and an Elephant joined them. - -At last the Lion saw the animals running, and heard their cry that the -earth was all breaking up. - -He thought there must be some mistake, so he ran to the foot of a hill -in front of them and roared three times. - -This stopped them, for they knew the voice of the King of Beasts, and -they feared him. - -"Why are you running so fast?" asked the Lion. - -"Oh, King Lion," they answered him, "the earth is all breaking up!" - -"Who saw it breaking up?" asked the Lion. - -"I didn't," said the Elephant. "Ask the Fox--he told me about it." - -"I didn't," said the Fox. - -"The Rabbits told me about it," said the Deer. - -One after another of the Rabbits said: "I did not see it, but another -Rabbit told me about it." - -At last the Lion came to the Rabbit who had first said the earth was -all breaking up. - -"Is it true that the earth is all breaking up?" the Lion asked. - -"Yes, O Lion, it is," said the Rabbit. "I was asleep under a palm-tree. -I woke up and thought, 'What would become of me if the earth should all -break up?' At that very moment, I heard the sound of the earth breaking -up, and I ran away." - -"Then," said the Lion, "you and I will go back to the place where the -earth began to break up, and see what is the matter." - -So the Lion put the little Rabbit on his back, and away they went like -the wind. The other animals waited for them at the foot of the hill. - -The Rabbit told the Lion when they were near the place where he slept, -and the Lion saw just where the Rabbit had been sleeping. - -He saw, too, the cocoanut that had fallen to the ground near by. Then -the Lion said to the Rabbit, "It must have been the sound of the -cocoanut falling to the ground that you heard. You foolish Rabbit!" - -And the Lion ran back to the other animals, and told them all about it. - -If it had not been for the wise King of Beasts, they might be running -still. - -[Illustration: Away they went like the wind.] - - - - -X - -THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH MERCHANT - - -Once upon a time in a certain country a thrifty merchant visited a -great city and bought a great supply of goods. He loaded wagons with -the goods, which he was going to sell as he traveled through the -country. - -A stupid young merchant was buying goods in the same city. He, too, was -going to sell what he bought as he traveled through the country. - -They were both ready to start at the same time. - -The thrifty merchant thought, "We cannot travel together, for the men -will find it hard to get wood and water, and there will not be enough -grass for so many oxen. Either he or I ought to go first." - -So he went to the young man and told him this, saying, "Will you go -before or come on after me?" - -The other one thought, "It will be better for me to go first. I shall -then travel on a road that is not cut up. The oxen will eat grass that -has not been touched. The water will be clean. Also, I shall sell my -goods at what price I like." So he said, "Friend, I will go on first." - -This answer pleased the thrifty merchant. He said to himself, "Those -who go before will make the rough places smooth. The old rank grass -will have been eaten by the oxen that have gone before, while my oxen -will eat the freshly grown tender shoots. Those who go before will dig -wells from which we shall drink. Then, too, I will not have to bother -about setting prices, but I can sell my goods at the prices set by the -other man." So he said aloud, "Very well, friend, you may go on first." - -At once the foolish merchant started on his journey. Soon he had left -the city and was in the country. By and by he came to a desert which -he had to cross. So he filled great water-jars with water, loaded them -into a large wagon and started across the desert. - -Now on the sands of this desert there lived a wicked demon. This demon -saw the foolish young merchant coming and thought to himself, "If I can -make him empty those water-jars, soon I shall be able to overcome him -and have him in my power." - -So the demon went further along the road and changed himself into the -likeness of a noble gentleman. He called up a beautiful carriage, drawn -by milk-white oxen. Then he called ten other demons, dressed them like -men and armed them with bows and arrows, swords and shields. Seated -in his carriage, followed by the ten demons, he rode back to meet the -merchant. He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung water-lilies and wet -grasses upon the oxen and the carriage. Then he made the clothes the -demons wore and their hair all wet. Drops of water trickled down over -their faces just as if they had all come through a stream. - -As the demons neared the foolish merchant they turned their carriage to -one side of the way, saying pleasantly, "Where are you going?" - -The merchant replied, "We have come from the great city back there and -are going across the desert to the villages beyond. You come dripping -with mud and carrying water-lilies and grasses. Does it rain on the -road you have come by? Did you come through a stream?" - -[Illustration: He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung water-lilies and -wet grasses upon the oxen and the carriage.] - -The demon answered, "The dark streak across the sky is a forest. In it -there are ponds full of water-lilies. The rains come often. What have -you in all those carts?" - -"Goods to be sold," replied the merchant. - -"But in that last big heavy wagon what do you carry?" the demon asked. - -"Jars full of water for the journey," answered the merchant. - -The demon said, "You have done well to bring water as far as this, -but there is no need of it beyond. Empty out all that water and go on -easily." Then he added, "But we have delayed too long. Drive on!" And -he drove on until he was out of sight of the merchant. Then he returned -to his home with his followers to wait for the night to come. - -The foolish merchant did as the demon bade him and emptied every jar, -saving not even a cupful. On and on they traveled and the streak on the -sky faded with the sunset. There was no forest, the dark line being -only clouds. No water was to be found. The men had no water to drink -and no food to eat, for they had no water in which to cook their rice, -so they went thirsty and supperless to bed. The oxen, too, were hungry -and thirsty and dropped down to sleep here and there. Late at night the -demons fell upon them and easily carried off every man. They drove the -oxen on ahead of them, but the loaded carts they did not care to take -away. - -A month and a half after this the wise merchant followed over the same -road. He, too, was met on the desert by the demon just as the other -had been. But the wise man knew the man was a demon because he cast no -shadow. When the demon told him of the ponds in the forest ahead and -advised him to throw away the water-jars the wise merchant replied, "We -don't throw away the water we have until we get to a place where we see -there is more." - -Then the demon drove on. But the men who were with the merchant said, -"Sir! those men told us that yonder was the beginning of a great -forest, and from there onwards it was always raining. Their clothes and -hair were dripping with water. Let us throw away the water-jars and go -on faster with lighter carts!" - -Stopping all the carts the wise merchant asked the men, "Have you ever -heard any one say that there was a lake or pond in this desert? You -have lived near here always." - -"We never heard of a pond or lake," they said. - -"Does any man feel a wind laden with dampness blowing against him?" he -asked. - -"No, sir," they answered. - -"Can you see a rain cloud, any of you?" said he. - -"No, sir, not one," they said. - -"Those fellows were not men, they were demons!" said the wise merchant. -"They must have come out to make us throw away the water. Then when we -were faint and weak they might have put an end to us. Go on at once and -don't throw away a single half-pint of water." - -[Illustration: He himself with the head men stood on guard.] - -So they drove on and before nightfall they came upon the loaded wagons -belonging to the foolish merchant. - -Then the thrifty merchant had his wagons drawn up in a circle. In the -middle of the circle he had the oxen lie down, and also some of the -men. He himself with the head men stood on guard, swords in hand and -waited for the demons. But the demons did not bother them. Early the -next day the thrifty merchant took the best of the wagons left by the -foolish merchant and went on safely to the city across the desert. - -There he sold all the goods at a profit and returned with his company -to his own city. - - - - -XI - -THE ELEPHANT GIRLY-FACE - - -Once upon a time a king had an Elephant named Girly-face. The Elephant -was called Girly-face because he was so gentle and good and looked so -kind. "Girly-face never hurts anybody," the keeper of the Elephants -often said. - -Now one night some robbers came into the courtyard and sat on the -ground just outside the stall where Girly-face slept. The talk of the -robbers awoke Girly-face. - -"This is the way to break into a house," they said. "Once inside the -house kill any one who wakens. A robber must not be afraid to kill. A -robber must be cruel and have no pity. He must never be good, even for -a moment." - -Girly-face said to himself, "Those men are teaching me how I should -act. I will be cruel. I will show no pity. I will not be good--not even -for a moment." - -[Illustration: The talk of the robbers awoke Girly-face.] - -[Illustration: He picked him up in his trunk and threw the poor keeper -to the ground.] - -So the next morning when the keeper came to feed Girly-face he picked -him up in his trunk and threw the poor keeper to the ground, killing -him. - -Another keeper ran to see what the trouble was, and Girly-face killed -him, too. - -For days and days Girly-face was so ugly that no one dared go near. The -food was left for him, but no man would go near him. - -By and by the king heard of this and sent one of his wise men to find -out what ailed Girly-face. - -The wise man had known Girly-face a long time. He looked the Elephant -over carefully and could find nothing that seemed to be the matter. - -He thought at last, "Girly-face must have heard some bad men talking. -Have there been any bad men talking about here?" asked the wise man. - -"Yes," one of the keepers said, "a band of robbers were caught here a -few weeks ago. They had met in the yard to talk over their plans. They -were talking together near the stall where Girly-face sleeps." - -[Illustration: He looked the Elephant over carefully.] - -So the wise man went back to the king. Said he, "I think Girly-face -has been listening to bad talk. If you will send some good men to talk -where Girly-face can hear them I think he will be a good Elephant -once more." - -So that night the king sent a company of the best men to be found to -sit and talk near the stall where Girly-face lived. They said to one -another, "It is wrong to hurt any one. It is wrong to kill. Every one -should be gentle and good." - -"Now those men are teaching me," thought Girly-face. "I must be gentle -and good. I must hurt no one. I must not kill any one." And from that -time on Girly-face was tame and as good as ever an Elephant could be. - - - - -XII - -THE BANYAN DEER - - -There was once a Deer the color of gold. His eyes were like round -jewels, his horns were white as silver, his mouth was red like a -flower, his hoofs were bright and hard. He had a large body and a fine -tail. - -He lived in a forest and was king of a herd of five hundred Banyan -Deer. Near by lived another herd of Deer, called the Monkey Deer. They, -too, had a king. - -The king of that country was fond of hunting the Deer and eating deer -meat. He did not like to go alone so he called the people of his town -to go with him, day after day. - -The townspeople did not like this for while they were gone no one did -their work. So they decided to make a park and drive the Deer into it. -Then the king could go into the park and hunt and they could go on with -their daily work. - -They made a park, planted grass in it and provided water for the Deer, -built a fence all around it and drove the Deer into it. - -Then they shut the gate and went to the king to tell him that in the -park near by he could find all the Deer he wanted. - -The king went at once to look at the Deer. First he saw there the two -Deer kings, and granted them their lives. Then he looked at their great -herds. - -Some days the king would go to hunt the Deer, sometimes his cook would -go. As soon as any of the Deer saw them they would shake with fear and -run. But when they had been hit once or twice they would drop down dead. - -The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of the Monkey Deer and -said, "Friend, many of the Deer are being killed. Many are wounded -besides those who are killed. After this suppose one from my herd goes -up to be killed one day, and the next day let one from your herd go up. -Fewer Deer will be lost this way." - -[Illustration: The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of the -Monkey Deer.] - -The Monkey Deer agreed. Each day the Deer whose turn it was would go -and lie down, placing its head on the block. The cook would come and -carry off the one he found lying there. - -One day the lot fell to a mother Deer who had a young baby. She went to -her king and said, "O King of the Monkey Deer, let the turn pass me by -until my baby is old enough to get along without me. Then I will go and -put my head on the block." - -But the king did not help her. He told her that if the lot had fallen -to her she must die. - -Then she went to the King of the Banyan Deer and asked him to save her. - -"Go back to your herd. I will go in your place," said he. - -The next day the cook found the King of the Banyan Deer lying with his -head on the block. The cook went to the king, who came himself to find -out about this. - -"King of the Banyan Deer! did I not grant you your life? Why are you -lying here?" - -"O great King!" said the King of the Banyan Deer, "a mother came with -her young baby and told me that the lot had fallen to her. I could not -ask any one else to take her place, so I came myself." - -[Illustration: Rise up. I grant your life and hers.] - -"King of the Banyan Deer! I never saw such kindness and mercy. Rise up. -I grant your life and hers. Nor will I hunt any more the Deer in either -park or forest." - - - - -XIII - -THE PRINCES AND THE WATER-SPRITE - - -Once upon a time a king had three sons. The first was called Prince of -the Stars. The next was called the Moon Prince and the third was called -the Sun Prince. The king was so very happy when the third son was born -that he promised to give the queen any boon she might ask. - -The queen kept the promise in mind, waiting until the third son was -grown before asking the king to give her the boon. - -On the twenty-first birthday of the Sun Prince she said to the king, -"Great King, when our youngest child was born you said you would give -me a boon. Now I ask you to give the kingdom to Sun Prince." - -But the king refused, saying that the kingdom must go to the oldest -son, for it belonged by right to him. Next it would belong by right to -the second son, and not until they were both dead could the kingdom go -to the third son. - -The queen went away, but the king saw that she was not pleased with his -answer. He feared that she would do harm to the older princes to get -them out of the way of the Sun Prince. - -So he called his elder sons and told them that they must go and live -in the forest until his death. "Then come back and reign in the city -that is yours by right," he said. And with tears he kissed them on the -foreheads and sent them away. - -As they were going down out of the palace, after saying good-by to -their father, the Sun Prince called to them, "Where are you going?" - -And when he heard where they were going and why, he said, "I will go -with you, my brothers." - -So off they started. They went on and on and by and by they reached the -forest. There they sat down to rest in the shade of a pond. Then the -eldest brother said to Sun Prince, "Go down to the pond and bathe and -drink. Then bring us a drink while we rest here." - -Now the King of the Fairies had given this pond to a water-sprite. The -Fairy King had said to the water-sprite, "You are to have in your power -all who go down into the water except those who give the right answer -to one question. Those who give the right answer will not be in your -power. The question is, 'What are the Good Fairies like?'" - -[Illustration: The Sun Prince went into the pond.] - -When the Sun Prince went into the pond the water-sprite saw him and -asked him the question, "What are the Good Fairies like?" - -"They are like the Sun and the Moon," said the Sun Prince. - -"You don't know what the Good Fairies are like," cried the -water-sprite, and he carried the poor boy down into his cave. - -By and by the eldest brother said, "Moon Prince, go down and see why -our brother stays so long in the pond!" - -As soon as the Moon Prince reached the water's edge the water-sprite -called to him and said, "Tell me what the Good Fairies are like!" - -"Like the sky above us," replied the Moon Prince. - -"You don't know, either," said the water-sprite, and dragged the Moon -Prince down into the cave where the Sun Prince sat. - -"Something must have happened to those two brothers of mine," thought -the eldest. So he went to the pond and saw the marks of the footsteps -where his brothers had gone down into the water. Then he knew that a -water-sprite must live in that pond. He girded on his sword, and stood -with his bow in his hand. - -The water-sprite soon came along in the form of a woodsman. - -"You seem tired, Friend," he said to the prince. "Why don't you bathe -in the lake and then lie on the bank and rest?" - -[Illustration: The water-sprite in the form of a woodsman.] - -But the prince knew that it was a water-sprite and he said, "You have -carried off my brothers!" - -"Yes," said the water-sprite. - -"Why did you carry them off?" - -"Because they did not answer my question," said the water-sprite, "and -I have power over all who go down into the water except those who do -give the right answer." - -"I will answer your question," said the eldest brother. And he did. -"The Good Fairies are like - - The pure in heart who fear to sin, - The good, kindly in word and deed." - -"O Wise Prince, I will bring back to you one of your brothers. Which -shall I bring?" said the water-sprite. - -"Bring me the younger one," said the prince. "It was on his account -that our father sent us away. I could never go away with Moon Prince -and leave poor Sun Prince here." - -"O Wise Prince, you know what the good should do and you are kind. I -will bring back both your brothers," said the water-sprite. - -After that the three princes lived together in the forest until the -king died. Then they went back to the palace. The eldest brother was -made king and he had his brothers rule with him. He also built a home -for the water-sprite in the palace grounds. - - - - -XIV - -THE KING'S WHITE ELEPHANT - - -Once upon a time a number of carpenters lived on a river bank near a -large forest. Every day the carpenters went in boats to the forest to -cut down the trees and make them into lumber. - -One day while they were at work an Elephant came limping on three feet -to them. He held up one foot and the carpenters saw that it was swollen -and sore. Then the Elephant lay down and the men saw that there was a -great splinter in the sore foot. They pulled it out and washed the sore -carefully so that in a short time it would be well again. - -Thankful for the cure, the Elephant thought: "These carpenters have -done so much for me, I must be useful to them." - -So after that the Elephant used to pull up trees for the carpenters. -Sometimes when the trees were chopped down he would roll the logs down -to the river. Other times he brought their tools for them. And the -carpenters used to feed him well morning, noon and night. - -[Illustration: He held up one foot and the carpenters saw that it was -swollen and sore.] - -Now this Elephant had a son who was white all over--a beautiful, strong -young one. Said the old Elephant to himself, "I will take my son to the -place in the forest where I go to work each day so that he may learn to -help the carpenters, for I am no longer young and strong." - -[Illustration: The Elephant used to pull up trees for the carpenters.] - -So the old Elephant told his son how the carpenters had taken good care -of him when he was badly hurt and took him to them. The white Elephant -did as his father told him to do and helped the carpenters and they -fed him well. - -When the work was done at night the young Elephant went to play in the -river. The carpenters' children played with him, in the water and on -the bank. He liked to pick them up in his trunk and set them on the -high branches of the trees and then let them climb down on his back. - -[Illustration: With a last look at his playmates the beautiful white -Elephant went on with the king.] - -One day the king came down the river and saw this beautiful white -Elephant working for the carpenters. The king at once wanted the -Elephant for his own and paid the carpenters a great price for him. -Then with a last look at his playmates, the children, the beautiful -white Elephant went on with the king. - -The king was proud of his new Elephant and took the best care of him as -long as he lived. - - - - -XV - -THE OX WHO ENVIED THE PIG - - -Once upon a time there was an Ox named Big Red. He had a younger -brother named Little Red. These two brothers did all the carting on a -large farm. - -Now the farmer had an only daughter and she was soon to be married. -Her mother gave orders that the Pig should be fattened for the wedding -feast. - -Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice food. He said to his -brother, "How is it, Big Red, that you and I are given only straw and -grass to eat, while we do all the hard work on the farm? That lazy Pig -does nothing but eat the choice food the farmer gives him." - -Said his brother, "My dear Little Red, envy him not. That little Pig is -eating the food of death! He is being fattened for the wedding feast. -Eat your straw and grass and be content and live long." - -[Illustration: Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice food.] - -[Illustration: The fattened Pig was killed and cooked for the wedding -feast.] - -Not long afterwards the fattened Pig was killed and cooked for the -wedding feast. - -Then Big Red said, "Did you see, Little Red, what became of the Pig -after all his fine feeding?" - -"Yes," said the little brother, "we can go on eating plain food for -years, but the poor little Pig ate the food of death and now he is -dead. His feed was good while it lasted, but it did not last long." - - - - -XVI - -GRANNY'S BLACKIE - - -Once upon a time a rich man gave a baby Elephant to a woman. - -She took the best of care of this great baby and soon became very fond -of him. - -The children in the village called her Granny, and they called the -Elephant "Granny's Blackie." - -The Elephant carried the children on his back all over the village. -They shared their goodies with him and he played with them. - -"Please, Blackie, give us a swing," they said to him almost every day. - -"Come on! Who is first?" Blackie answered and picked them up with -his trunk, swung them high in the air, and then put them down again, -carefully. - -But Blackie never did any work. - -He ate and slept, played with the children, and visited with Granny. - -One day Blackie wanted Granny to go off to the woods with him. - -[Illustration: Blackie swung them high in the air.] - -"I can't go, Blackie, dear. I have too much work to do." - -Then Blackie looked at her and saw that she was growing old and feeble. - -"I am young and strong," he thought. "I'll see if I cannot find some -work to do. If I could bring some money home to her, she would not have -to work so hard." - -So next morning, bright and early, he started down to the river bank. - -There he found a man who was in great trouble. There was a long line of -wagons so heavily loaded that the oxen could not draw them through the -shallow water. - -When the man saw Blackie standing on the bank he asked, "Who owns this -Elephant? I want to hire him to help my Oxen pull these wagons across -the river." - -A child standing near by said, "That is Granny's Blackie." - -"Very well," said the man, "I'll pay two pieces of silver for each -wagon this Elephant draws across the river." - -Blackie was glad to hear this promise. He went into the river, and -drew one wagon after another across to the other side. - -Then he went up to the man for the money. - -The man counted out one piece of silver for each wagon. - -When Blackie saw that the man had counted out but one piece of silver -for each wagon, instead of two, he would not touch the money at all. He -stood in the road and would not let the wagons pass him. - -The man tried to get Blackie out of the way, but not one step would he -move. - -Then the man went back and counted out another piece of silver for each -of the wagons and put the silver in a bag tied around Blackie's neck. - -Then Blackie started for home, proud to think that he had a present for -Granny. - -The children had missed Blackie and had asked Granny where he was, but -she said she did not know where he had gone. - -They all looked for him but it was nearly night before they heard him -coming. - -"Where have you been, Blackie? And what is that around your neck?" the -children cried, running to meet their playmate. - -[Illustration: He would not touch the money at all.] - -[Illustration: Blackie told her that he had earned some money for her.] - -But Blackie would not stop to talk with his playmates. He ran straight -home to Granny. - -"Oh, Blackie!" she said, "Where have you been? What is in that bag?" -And she took the bag off his neck. - -Blackie told her that he had earned some money for her. - -"Oh, Blackie, Blackie," said Granny, "how hard you must have worked to -earn these pieces of silver! What a good Blackie you are!" - -And after that Blackie did all the hard work and Granny rested, and -they were both very happy. - - - - -XVII - -THE CRAB AND THE CRANE - - -In the Long Ago there was a summer when very little rain fell. - -All the Animals suffered for want of water, but the Fishes suffered -most of all. - -In one pond full of Fishes, the water was very low indeed. - -A Crane sat on the bank watching the Fishes. - -"What are you doing?" asked a little Fish. - -"I am thinking about you Fishes there in the pond. It is so nearly -dry," answered the Crane. - -"Yes," the Crane went on, "I was wishing I might do something for you. -I know of a pond in the deep woods where there is plenty of water." - -"I declare," said the little Fish, "you are the first Crane that ever -offered to help a Fish." - -"That may be," said the Crane, "but the water is so low in your pond. I -could easily carry you one by one on my back to that other pond where -there is plenty of water and food and cool shade." - -"I don't believe there is any such pond," said the little Fish. "What -you wish to do is to eat us, one by one." - -"If you don't believe me," said the Crane, "send with me one of the -Fishes whom you can believe. I'll show him the pond and bring him back -to tell you all about it." - -A big Fish heard the Crane and said, "I will go with you to see the -pond--I may as well be eaten by the Crane as to die here." - -So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and started for the deep -woods. - -Soon the Crane showed the big Fish the pool of water. "See how cool and -shady it is here," he said, "and how much larger the pond is, and how -full it is!" - -"Yes!" said the big Fish, "take me back to the little pond and I'll -tell the other Fishes all about it." So back they went. - -The Fishes all wanted to go when they heard the big Fish talk about the -fine pond which he had seen. - -[Illustration: So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and started -for the deep woods.] - -Then the Crane picked up another Fish and carried it away. Not to the -pool, but into the woods where the other Fishes could not see them. - -Then the Crane put the Fish down and ate it. The Crane went back for -another Fish. He carried it to the same place in the woods and ate it, -too. - -This he did until he had eaten all the Fishes in the pond. - -The next day the Crane went to the pond to see if he had left a Fish. -There was not one left, but there was a Crab on the sand. - -"Little Crab," said the Crane, "would you let me take you to the fine -pond in the deep woods where I took the Fishes?" - -"But how could you carry me?" asked the Crab. - -"Oh, easily," answered the Crane. "I'll take you on my back as I did -the Fishes." - -"No, I thank you," said the Crab, "I can't go that way. I am afraid you -might drop me. If I could take hold of your neck with my claws, I would -go. You know we Crabs have a tight grip." - -The Crane knew about the tight grip of the Crabs, and he did not like -to have the Crab hold on with his claws. But he was hungry, so he said: - -"Very well, hold tight." - -[Illustration: And off went the Crane with the Crab.] - -And off went the Crane with the Crab. - -When they reached the place where the Crane had eaten the Fishes, the -Crane said: - -"I think you can walk the rest of the way. Let go of my neck." - -"I see no pond," said the Crab. "All I can see is a pile of Fish bones. -Is that all that is left of the Fishes?" - -"Yes," said the Crane, "and if you will let go of my neck, your shell -will be all that will be left of you." - -And the Crane put his head down near the ground so that the Crab could -get off easily. - -But the Crab pinched the Crane's neck so that his head fell off. - -"Not my shell, but your bones are left to dry with the bones of the -Fishes," said the Crab. - - - - -XVIII - -WHY THE OWL IS NOT KING OF THE BIRDS - - -Why is it that Crows torment the Owls as they sleep in the daytime? For -the same reason that the Owls try to kill the Crows while they sleep at -night. - -Listen to a tale of long ago and then you will see why. - -Once upon a time, the people who lived together when the world was -young took a certain man for their king. The four-footed animals also -took one of their number for their king. The fish in the ocean chose -a king to rule over them. Then the birds gathered together on a great -flat rock, crying: - -"Among men there is a king, and among the beasts, and the fish have -one, too; but we birds have none. We ought to have a king. Let us -choose one now." - -And so the birds talked the matter over and at last they all said, "Let -us have the Owl for our king." - -[Illustration: "See how sour he looks right now."] - -No, not all, for one old Crow rose up and said, "For my part, I don't -want the Owl to be our king. Look at him now while you are all crying -that you want him for your king. See how sour he looks right now. If -that's the cross look he wears when he is happy, how will he look when -he is angry? I, for one, want no such sour-looking king!" - -Then the Crow flew up into the air crying, "I don't like it! I don't -like it!" The Owl rose and followed him. From that time on the Crows -and the Owls have been enemies. The birds chose a Turtle Dove to be -their king, and then flew to their homes. - - -THE END - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Jakata tales, by Ellen C. 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Babbitt - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Jakata tales - -Author: Ellen C. Babbitt - -Illustrator: Ellsworth Young - -Release Date: June 28, 2020 [EBook #62514] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAKATA TALES *** - - - - -Produced by Carlos Colón, the University of North Carolina -at Chapel Hill and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="box">Transcriber's Notes:<br /> -<br /> - - -Blank pages have been eliminated.<br /> -<br /> -Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the -original.<br /> -<br /> -A few typographical errors have been corrected.<br /> -<br /> -The cover page was created by the transcriber and can be considered public domain.</p> -<hr class="chap" /></div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<h1>Jataka Tales</h1>/> - -<p class="center">Re-told by<br /> -Ellen C. Babbitt</p> - -<p class="center p4">With illustrations by<br /> -Ellsworth Young</p> - -<div class="figcenter4em" id="front"><img src="images/title.jpg" width="500" -height="279" alt="" title="" /></div> - -<p class="center">New York<br /> -The Century Co.<br /> -1912</p> -<hr class="chap" /></div> - - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6 center"><span class="smcap">Copyright, 1912, by</span><br /> -The Century Co.</p> - -<p class="p2 center"><i>Published, September, 1912</i></p> -<hr class="chap" /></div> - - - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6 center">Dedicated<br /> -to<br /> -DOT</p> - -<hr class="chap" /></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vii" id="Page_vii">[vii]</a></span></p> - - - -<div class="chapter"> -<h2>FOREWORD</h2> - - -<p>Long ago I was captivated by the charm of the -Jataka Tales and realized the excellent use that might -be made of them in the teaching of children. The -obvious lessons are many of them suitable for little -people, and beneath the obvious there are depths and -depths of meaning which they may learn to fathom -later on. The Oriental setting lends an additional -fascination. I am glad that Miss Babbitt has undertaken -to put together this collection, and commend it -freely to teachers and parents.</p> - -<p class="right smcap">Felix Adler.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /></div> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_ix" id="Page_ix">[ix]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2>CONTENTS</h2></div> - -<table border="0" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="5" summary="indice"> - -<tr><td class="tdrb" colspan="3">PAGE</td></tr> - - -<tr> -<td class="tdr">I</td> -<td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#I">The Monkey and the Crocodile</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">3</td> -</tr> - -<tr> -<td class="tdr">II</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#II">How the Turtle Saved His Own Life</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">10</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">III</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#III">The Merchant of Seri</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">13</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">IV</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#IV">The Turtle Who Couldn't Stop Talking</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">18</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">V</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#V">The Ox Who Won the Forfeit</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">21</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">VI</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#VI">The Sandy Road</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">25</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">VII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#VII">The Quarrel of the Quails</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">30</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">VIII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#VIII">The Measure of Rice</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">34</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">IX</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#IX">The Foolish, Timid Rabbit</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">39</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">X</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#X">The Wise and the Foolish Merchant</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">44</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XI</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XI">The Elephant Girly-Face</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">52</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XII">The Banyan Deer</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">58</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XIII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XIII">The Princes and the Water-Sprite</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">63</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XIV</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XIV">The King's White Elephant</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">69</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XV</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XV">The Ox Who Envied the Pig</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">74</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XVI</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XVI">Grannie's Blackie</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">77</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XVII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XVII">The Crab and the Crane</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">84</td></tr> - -<tr><td class="tdr">XVIII</td><td class="smcap tdl"><a href="#XVIII">Why the Owl Is Not King of the Birds</a></td> -<td class="tdrb">90</td></tr> -</table> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xi" id="Page_xi">[xi]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2>PUBLISHER'S NOTE</h2></div> - - -<p>The Jatakas, or Birth-stories, form one of the sacred -books of the Buddhists and relate to the adventures -of the Buddha in his former existences, the best character -in any story being identified with the Master.</p> - -<p>These legends were continually introduced into the -religious discourses of the Buddhist teachers to illustrate -the doctrines of their faith or to magnify the -glory and sanctity of the Buddha, somewhat as medieval -preachers in Europe used to enliven their sermons -by introducing fables and popular tales to rouse the -flagging interest of their hearers.</p> - -<p>Sculptured scenes from the Jatakas, found upon the -carved railings around the relic shrines of Sanchi and -Amaravati and of Bharhut, indicate that the "Birth-stories" -were widely known in the third century -B.C., and were then considered as part of the sacred -history of the religion. At first the tales were probably -handed down orally, and it is uncertain when -they were put together in systematic form.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xii" id="Page_xii">[xii]</a></span> -While some of the stories are Buddhistic and depend -for their point on some custom or idea peculiar to -Buddhism, many are age-old fables, the flotsam and -jetsam of folk-lore, which have appeared under various -guises throughout the centuries, as when they were -used by Boccaccio or Poggio, merely as merry tales, or -by Chaucer, who unwittingly puts a Jataka story into -the mouth of his pardoners when he tells the tale of -"the Ryotoures three."</p> - -<p>Quaint humor and gentle earnestness distinguish -these legends and they teach many wholesome lessons, -among them the duty of kindness to animals.</p> - -<p>Dr. Felix Adler in his "Moral Instruction of Children," -says:</p> - -<p class="i2 p2">The Jataka Tales contain deep truths, and are calculated -to impress lessons of great moral beauty. The tale -of the Merchant of Seri, who gave up all that he had in -exchange for a golden dish, embodies much the same idea -as the parable of the priceless Pearl, in the New Testament. -The tale of the Measure of Rice illustrates the importance -of a true estimate of values. The tale of the Banyan Deer, -which offered its life to save a doe and her young, illustrates -self-sacrifice of the noblest sort. The tale of the -Sandy Road is one of the finest in the collection.</p> - -<p class="p2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiii" id="Page_xiii">[xiii]</a></span> -And he adds that these tales "are, as everyone must -admit, nobly conceived, lofty in meaning, and many a -helpful sermon might be preached from them as texts."</p> -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_xiv" id="Page_xiv">[xiv]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter4em"><img src="images/illo1.jpg" width="250" -height="157" alt="" title="" /></div> - -<hr class="chap" /></div> - - - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span></p> - - - - -<p class="p6 center large">Jataka Tales</p> - - - - -<h2 id="I">I.<br /> -THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE</h2></div> - - -<h3>PART I</h3> - -<p>A monkey lived in a great tree on a river -bank.</p> - -<p>In the river there were many Crocodiles.</p> - -<p>A Crocodile watched the Monkeys for a long time, -and one day she said to her son: "My son, get one of -those Monkeys for me. I want the heart of a Monkey -to eat."</p> - -<p>"How am I to catch a Monkey?" asked the little -Crocodile. "I do not travel on land, and the Monkey -does not go into the water."</p> - -<p>"Put your wits to work, and you'll find a way," -said the mother.</p> - -<p>And the little Crocodile thought and thought.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span> -At last he said to himself: "I know what I'll do. -I'll get that Monkey that lives in a big tree on the -river bank. He wishes to go across the river to the -island where the fruit is so ripe."</p> - -<p>So the Crocodile swam to the tree where the -Monkey lived. But he was a stupid Crocodile.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Monkey," he called, "come with me over to -the island where the fruit is so ripe."</p> - -<p>"How can I go with you?" asked the Monkey. "I -do not swim."</p> - -<p>"No—but I do. I will take you over on my back," -said the Crocodile.</p> - -<p>The Monkey was greedy, and wanted the ripe fruit, -so he jumped down on the Crocodile's back.</p> - -<p>"Off we go!" said the Crocodile.</p> - -<p>"This is a fine ride you are giving me!" said the -Monkey.</p> - -<p>"Do you think so? Well, how do you like this?" -asked the Crocodile, diving.</p> - -<p>"Oh, don't!" cried the Monkey, as he went under -the water. He was afraid to let go, and he did not -know what to do under the water.</p> - -<p>When the Crocodile came up, the Monkey sputtered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span> -and choked. "Why did you take me under water, -Crocodile?" he asked.</p> - -<p>"I am going to kill you by keeping you under -water," answered the Crocodile. "My mother wants -Monkey-heart to eat, and I'm going to take yours to -her."</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p005.jpg" width="500" -height="195" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"Why did you take me under water, Crocodile?" he asked. -</div></div> - -<p>"I wish you had told me you wanted my heart," -said the Monkey, "then I might have brought it with -me."</p> - -<p>"How queer!" said the stupid Crocodile. "Do you -mean to say that you left your heart back there in -the tree?"</p> - -<p>"That is what I mean," said the Monkey. "If you<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span> -want my heart, we must go back to the tree and get it. -But we are so near the island where the ripe fruit is, -please take me there first."</p> - -<p>"No, Monkey," said the Crocodile, "I'll take you -straight back to your tree. Never mind the ripe fruit. -Get your heart and bring it to me at once. Then -we'll see about going to the island."</p> - -<p>"Very well," said the Monkey.</p> - -<p>But no sooner had he jumped onto the bank of the -river than—whisk! up he ran into the tree.</p> - -<p>From the topmost branches he called down to the -Crocodile in the water below:</p> - -<p>"My heart is way up here! If you want it, come -for it, come for it!"</p> - - -<h3>PART II</h3> - -<p>The monkey soon moved away from that tree.</p> - -<p>He wanted to get away from the Crocodile, -so that he might live in peace.</p> - -<p>But the Crocodile found him, far down the river, -living in another tree.</p> - -<p>In the middle of the river was an island covered -with fruit-trees.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span> -Half-way between the bank of the river and the -island, a large rock rose out of the water. The Monkey -could jump to the rock, and then to the island. -The Crocodile watched the Monkey crossing from -the bank of the river to the rock, and then to the -island.</p> - -<p>He thought to himself, "The Monkey will stay on -the island all day, and I'll catch him on his way home -at night."</p> - -<p>The Monkey had a fine feast, while the Crocodile -swam about, watching him all day.</p> - -<p>Toward night the Crocodile crawled out of the -water and lay on the rock, perfectly still.</p> - -<p>When it grew dark among the trees, the Monkey -started for home. He ran down to the river bank, -and there he stopped.</p> - -<p>"What is the matter with the rock?" the Monkey -thought to himself. "I never saw it so high before. -The Crocodile is lying on it!"</p> - -<p>But he went to the edge of the water and called: -"Hello, Rock!"</p> - -<p>No answer.</p> - -<p>Then he called again: "Hello, Rock!"</p> - -<p>Three times the Monkey called, and then he said:<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span> -"Why is it, Friend Rock, that you do not answer me -to-night?"</p> - -<p>"Oh," said the stupid Crocodile to himself, "the -rock answers the Monkey at night. I'll have to answer -for the rock this time."</p> - -<p>So he answered: "Yes, Monkey! What is it?"</p> - -<p>The Monkey laughed, and said: "Oh, it's you, -Crocodile, is it?"</p> - -<p>"Yes," said the Crocodile. "I am waiting here for -you. I am going to eat you."</p> - -<p>"You have caught me in a trap this time," said the -Monkey. "There is no other way for me to go home. -Open your mouth wide so I can jump right into it."</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p008.jpg" width="500" -height="223" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The Monkey jumped. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span> -Now the Monkey well knew that when Crocodiles -open their mouths wide, they shut their eyes.</p> - -<p>While the Crocodile lay on the rock with his mouth -wide open and his eyes shut, the Monkey jumped.</p> - -<p>But not into his mouth! Oh, no! He landed on -the top of the Crocodile's head, and then sprang -quickly to the bank. Up he whisked into his tree.</p> - -<p>When the Crocodile saw the trick the Monkey had -played on him, he said: "Monkey, you have great -cunning. You know no fear. I'll let you alone after -this."</p> - -<p>"Thank you, Crocodile, but I shall be on the watch -for you just the same," said the Monkey.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="II">II.<br /> -HOW THE TURTLE SAVED HIS OWN LIFE</h2></div> - - -<p>A king once had a lake made in the courtyard -for the young princes to play in. They swam -about in it, and sailed their boats and rafts -on it. One day the king told them he had asked the -men to put some fishes into the lake.</p> - -<p>Off the boys ran to see the fishes. Now, along with -the fishes, there was a Turtle. The boys were delighted -with the fishes, but they had never seen a Turtle, -and they were afraid of it, thinking it was a -demon. They ran back to their father, crying, -"There is a demon on the bank of the lake."</p> - -<p>The king ordered his men to catch the demon, and -to bring it to the palace. When the Turtle was -brought in, the boys cried and ran away.</p> - -<p>The king was very fond of his sons, so he ordered -the men who had brought the Turtle to kill it.</p> - -<p>"How shall we kill it?" they asked.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span> -"Pound it to powder," said some one. "Bake it in -hot coals," said another.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p011.jpg" width="500" -height="303" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"Throw the thing into the lake." -</div></div> - -<p>So one plan after another was spoken of. Then an -old man who had always been afraid of the water -said: "Throw the thing into the lake where it flows -out over the rocks into the river. Then it will surely -be killed."</p> - -<p>When the Turtle heard what the old man said, he -thrust out his head and asked: "Friend, what have<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span> -I done that you should do such a dreadful thing as -that to me? The other plans were bad enough, but -to throw me into the lake! Don't speak of such a -cruel thing!"</p> - -<p>When the king heard what the Turtle said, he told -his men to take the Turtle at once and throw it into -the lake.</p> - -<p>The Turtle laughed to himself as he slid away down -the river to his old home. "Good!" he said, "those -people do not know how safe I am in the water!"</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="III">III.<br /> -THE MERCHANT OF SERI</h2></div> - - -<p>There was once a merchant of Seri who sold -brass and tinware. He went from town to -town, in company with another man, who also -sold brass and tinware. This second man was greedy, -getting all he could for nothing, and giving as little -as he could for what he bought.</p> - -<p>When they went into a town, they divided the streets -between them. Each man went up and down the -streets he had chosen, calling, "Tinware for sale. -Brass for sale." People came out to their door-steps, -and bought, or traded, with them.</p> - -<p>In one house there lived a poor old woman and her -granddaughter. The family had once been rich, but -now the only thing they had left of all their riches was -a golden bowl. The grandmother did not know it -was a golden bowl, but she had kept this because her -husband used to eat out of it in the old days. It<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span> -stood on a shelf among the other pots and pans, and -was not often used.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p014.jpg" width="500" -height="291" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He threw the bowl on the ground. -</div></div> - -<p>The greedy merchant passed this house, calling, -"Buy my water-jars! Buy my pans!" The granddaughter -said: "Oh, Grandmother, do buy something -for me!"</p> - -<p>"My dear," said the old woman, "we are too poor -to buy anything. I have not anything to trade, -even."</p> - -<p>"Grandmother, see what the merchant will give for -the old bowl. We do not use that, and perhaps he<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span> -will take it and give us something we want for it."</p> - -<p>The old woman called the merchant and showed -him the bowl, saying, "Will you take this, sir, and -give the little girl here something for it?"</p> - -<p>The greedy man took the bowl and scratched its -side with a needle. Thus he found that it was a -golden bowl. He hoped he could get it for nothing, so -he said: "What is this worth? Not even a halfpenny." -He threw the bowl on the ground, and went -away.</p> - -<p>By and by the other merchant passed the house. -For it was agreed that either merchant might go -through any street which the other had left. He -called: "Buy my water-jars! Buy my tinware! -Buy my brass!"</p> - -<p>The little girl heard him, and begged her grandmother -to see what he would give for the bowl.</p> - -<p>"My child," said the grandmother, "the merchant -who was just here threw the bowl on the ground -and went away. I have nothing else to offer in -trade."</p> - -<p>"But, Grandmother," said the girl, "that was a -cross man. This one looks pleasant. Ask him. -Perhaps he'll give some little tin dish."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span> -"Call him, then, and show it to him," said the old -woman.</p> - -<p>As soon as the merchant took the bowl in his hands, -he knew it was of gold. He said: "All that I have -here is not worth so much as this bowl. It is a golden -bowl. I am not rich enough to buy it."</p> - -<p>"But, sir, a merchant who passed here a few moments -ago, threw it on the ground, saying it was not -worth a halfpenny, and he went away," said the -grandmother. "It was worth nothing to him. If -you value it, take it, giving the little girl some dish -she likes for it."</p> - -<p>But the merchant would not have it so. He gave -the woman all the money he had, and all his wares. -"Give me but eight pennies," he said.</p> - -<p>So he took the pennies, and left. Going quickly to -the river, he paid the boatman the eight pennies to -take him across the river.</p> - -<p>Soon the greedy merchant went back to the house -where he had seen the golden bowl, and said: "Bring -that bowl to me, and I will give you something for it."</p> - -<p>"No," said the grandmother. "You said the bowl -was worthless, but another merchant has paid a great -price for it, and taken it away."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p017.jpg" width="500" -height="276" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"It is a golden bowl." -</div></div> - -<p>Then the greedy merchant was angry, crying out, -"Through this other man I have lost a small fortune. -That bowl was of gold."</p> - -<p>He ran down to the riverside, and, seeing the other -merchant in the boat out in the river, he called: -"Hallo, Boatman! Stop your boat!"</p> - -<p>But the man in the boat said: "Don't stop!" So -he reached the city on the other side of the river, and -lived well for a time on the money the bowl brought -him.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="IV">IV.<br /> -THE TURTLE WHO COULDN'T STOP -TALKING</h2></div> - - -<p>A turtle lived in a pond at the foot of a hill. -Two young wild Geese, looking for food, saw -the Turtle, and talked with him. The next -day the Geese came again to visit the Turtle and they -became very well acquainted. Soon they were great -friends.</p> - -<p>"Friend Turtle," the Geese said one day, "we have -a beautiful home far away. We are going to fly back -to it to-morrow. It will be a long but pleasant journey. -Will you go with us?"</p> - -<p>"How could I? I have no wings," said the Turtle.</p> - -<p>"Oh, we will take you, if only you can keep your -mouth shut, and say not a word to anybody," they -said.</p> - -<p>"I can do that," said the Turtle. "Do take me with -you. I will do exactly as you wish."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p019a.jpg" width="500" -height="167" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"How could I go with you?" said the Turtle. -</div></div> - -<p>So the next day the Geese brought a stick and they -held the ends of it. "Now take the middle of this in -your mouth, and don't say a word until we reach -home," they said.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p019b.jpg" width="500" -height="179" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The Geese sprang into the air. -</div></div> - -<p>The Geese then sprang into the air, with the Turtle -between them, holding fast to the stick.</p> - -<p>The village children saw the two Geese flying along<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> -with the Turtle and cried out: "Oh, see the Turtle -up in the air! Look at the Geese carrying a Turtle -by a stick! Did you ever see anything more ridiculous -in your life!"</p> - -<p>The Turtle looked down and began to say, "Well, -and if my friends carry me, what business is that of -yours?" when he let go, and fell dead at the feet of -the children.</p> - -<p>As the two Geese flew on, they heard the people say, -when they came to see the poor Turtle, "That fellow -could not keep his mouth shut. He had to talk, and -so lost his life."</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p020.jpg" width="500" -height="294" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"Oh, see the Turtle up in the air." -</div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="V">V.<br /> -THE OX WHO WON THE FORFEIT</h2></div> - - -<p>Long ago a man owned a very strong Ox. The -owner was so proud of his Ox, that he boasted -to every man he met about how strong his Ox -was.</p> - -<p>One day the owner went into a village, and said to -the men there: "I will pay a forfeit of a thousand -pieces of silver if my strong Ox cannot draw a line of -one hundred wagons."</p> - -<p>The men laughed, and said: "Very well; bring -your Ox, and we will tie a hundred wagons in a line -and see your Ox draw them along."</p> - -<p>So the man brought his Ox into the village. A -crowd gathered to see the sight. The hundred carts -were in line, and the strong Ox was yoked to the first -wagon.</p> - -<p>Then the owner whipped his Ox, and said: "Get -up, you wretch! Get along, you rascal!"</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> -But the Ox had never been talked to in that way, -and he stood still. Neither the blows nor the hard -names could make him move.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p022.jpg" width="500" -height="331" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"Get along, you rascal." -</div></div> - -<p>At last the poor man paid his forfeit, and went sadly -home. There he threw himself on his bed and cried: -"Why did that strong Ox act so? Many a time he -has moved heavier loads easily. Why did he shame -me before all those people?"</p> - -<p>At last he got up and went about his work. When<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> -he went to feed the Ox that night, the Ox turned to -him and said: "Why did you whip me to-day? You -never whipped me before. Why did you call me -'wretch' and 'rascal'? You never called me hard -names before."</p> - -<p>Then the man said: "I will never treat you badly -again. I am sorry I whipped you and called you -names. I will never do so any more. Forgive me."</p> - -<p>"Very well," said the Ox. "To-morrow I will go -into the village and draw the one hundred carts for -you. You have always been a kind master until to-day. -To-morrow you shall gain what you lost."</p> - -<p>The next morning the owner fed the Ox well, and -hung a garland of flowers about his neck. When -they went into the village the men laughed at the man -again.</p> - -<p>They said: "Did you come back to lose more -money?"</p> - -<p>"To-day I will pay a forfeit of two thousand pieces -of silver if my Ox is not strong enough to pull the one -hundred carts," said the owner.</p> - -<p>So again the carts were placed in a line, and the Ox -was yoked to the first. A crowd came to watch again. -The owner said: "Good Ox, show how strong you<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span> -are! You fine, fine creature!" And he patted his -neck and stroked his sides.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p024.jpg" width="500" -height="279" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -A garland of flowers about his neck. -</div></div> - -<p>At once the Ox pulled with all his strength. The -carts moved on until the last cart stood where the first -had been.</p> - -<p>Then the crowd shouted, and they paid back the -forfeit the man had lost, saying: "Your Ox is the -strongest Ox we ever saw."</p> - -<p>And the Ox and the man went home, happy.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="VI">VI.<br /> -THE SANDY ROAD</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time a merchant, with his goods -packed in many carts, came to a desert. He -was on his way to the country on the other -side of the desert.</p> - -<p>The sun shone on the fine sand, making it as hot as -the top of a stove. No man could walk on it in the -sunlight. But at night, after the sun went down, the -sand cooled, and then men could travel upon it.</p> - -<p>So the merchant waited until after dark, and then -set out. Besides the goods that he was going to sell, -he took jars of water and of rice, and firewood, so that -the rice could be cooked.</p> - -<p>All night long he and his men rode on and on. One -man was the pilot. He rode first, for he knew the -stars, and by them he guided the drivers.</p> - -<p>At daybreak they stopped and camped. They unyoked -the oxen, and fed them. They built fires and<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span> -cooked the rice. Then they spread a great awning -over all the carts and the oxen, and the men lay down -under it to rest until sunset.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p026.jpg" width="500" -height="274" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -They built fires and cooked the rice. -</div></div> - - -<p>In the early evening, they again built fires and -cooked rice. After supper, they folded the awning -and put it away. They yoked the oxen, and, as soon -as the sand was cool, they started again on their journey -across the desert.</p> - -<p>Night after night they traveled in this way, resting -during the heat of the day. At last one morning the -pilot said: "In one more night we shall get out of<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span> -the sand." The men were glad to hear this, for they -were tired.</p> - -<p>After supper that night the merchant said: "You -may as well throw away nearly all the water and the -firewood. By to-morrow we shall be in the city. -Yoke the oxen and start on."</p> - -<p>Then the pilot took his place at the head of the line. -But, instead of sitting up and guiding the drivers, -he lay down in the wagon on the cushions. Soon he -was fast asleep, because he had not slept for many -nights, and the light had been so strong in the daytime -that he had not slept well then.</p> - -<p>All night long the oxen went on. Near daybreak, -the pilot awoke and looked at the last stars fading -in the light. "Halt!" he called to the drivers. "We -are in the same place where we were yesterday. The -oxen must have turned about while I slept."</p> - -<p>They unyoked the oxen, but there was no water -for them to drink. They had thrown away the water -that was left the night before. So the men spread -the awning over the carts, and the oxen lay down, -tired and thirsty. The men, too, lay down saying, -"The wood and water are gone—we are lost."</p> - -<p>But the merchant said to himself, "This is no time<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span> -for me to sleep. I must find water. The oxen cannot -go on if they do not have water to drink. The -men must have water. They cannot cook the rice -unless they have water. If I give up, we shall all be -lost!"</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p028.jpg" width="500" -height="264" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"There must be water somewhere below." -</div></div> - -<p>On and on he walked, keeping close watch of the -ground. At last he saw a tuft of grass. "There -must be water somewhere below, or that grass would -not be there," he said.</p> - -<p>He ran back, shouting to the men, "Bring the spade -and the hammer!"</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span> -They jumped up, and ran with him to the spot -where the grass grew. They began to dig, and by -and by they struck a rock and could dig no further. -Then the merchant jumped down into the hole they -had dug, and put his ear to the rock. "I hear water -running under this rock," he called to them. "We -must not give up!" Then the merchant came up out -of the hole and said to a serving-lad: "My boy, if -you give up we are lost! You go down and try!"</p> - -<p>The boy stood up straight and raised the hammer -high above his head and hit the rock as hard as ever -he could. He would not give in. They must be -saved. Down came the hammer. This time the -rock broke. And the boy had hardly time to get out -of the well before it was full of cool water. The men -drank as if they never could get enough, and then they -watered the oxen, and bathed.</p> - -<p>Then they split up their extra yokes and axles, and -built a fire, and cooked their rice. Feeling better, -they rested through the day. They set up a flag on -the well for travelers to see.</p> - -<p>At sundown, they started on again, and the next -morning reached the city, where they sold the goods, -and then returned home.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="VII">VII.<br /> -THE QUARREL OF THE QUAILS</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time many quails lived together -in a forest. The wisest of them all was their -leader.</p> - -<p>A man lived near the forest and earned his living -by catching quails and selling them. Day after day -he listened to the note of the leader calling the quails. -By and by this man, the fowler, was able to call the -quails together. Hearing the note the quails thought -it was their leader who called.</p> - -<p>When they were crowded together, the fowler -threw his net over them and off he went into the town, -where he soon sold all the quails that he had caught.</p> - -<p>The wise leader saw the plan of the fowler for -catching the quails. He called the birds to him and -said, "This fowler is carrying away so many of us, -we must put a stop to it. I have thought of a plan; -it is this: The next time the fowler throws a net<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span> -over you, each of you must put your head through -one of the little holes in the net. Then all of you -together must fly away to the nearest thorn-bush. -You can leave the net on the thorn-bush and be free -yourselves."</p> - -<p>The quails said that was a very good plan and they -would try it the next time the fowler threw the net -over them.</p> - -<p>The very next day the fowler came and called them -together. Then he threw the net over them. The -quails lifted the net and flew away with it to the -nearest thorn-bush where they left it. They flew -back to their leader to tell him how well his plan had -worked.</p> - -<p>The fowler was busy until evening getting his net -off the thorns and he went home empty-handed. The -next day the same thing happened, and the next. -His wife was angry because he did not bring home -any money, but the fowler said, "The fact is those -quails are working together now. The moment my -net is over them, off they fly with it, leaving it on a -thorn-bush. As soon as the quails begin to quarrel I -shall be able to catch them."</p> - -<p>Not long after this, one of the quails in alighting<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span> -on their feeding ground, trod by accident on another's -head. "Who trod on my head?" angrily cried the -second. "I did; but I didn't mean to. Don't be -angry," said the first quail, but the second quail was -angry and said mean things.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p032.jpg" width="475" -height="656" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The quails lifted the net and flew away with it. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span> -Soon all the quails had taken sides in this quarrel. -When the fowler came that day he flung his net over -them, and this time instead of flying off with it, one -side said, "Now, you lift the net," and the other side -said, "Lift it yourself."</p> - -<p>"You try to make us lift it all," said the quails on -one side. "No, we don't!" said the others, "you begin -and we will help," but neither side began.</p> - -<p>So the quails quarreled, and while they were quarreling -the fowler caught them all in his net. He took -them to town and sold them for a good price.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p033.jpg" width="500" -height="231" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The fowler caught them all in his net. -</div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="VIII">VIII.<br /> -THE MEASURE OF RICE</h2></div> - - -<p>At one time a dishonest king had a man called -the Valuer in his court. The Valuer set the -price which ought to be paid for horses and -elephants and the other animals. He also set the -price on jewelry and gold, and things of that kind.</p> - -<p>This man was honest and just, and set the proper -price to be paid to the owners of the goods.</p> - -<p>The king was not pleased with this Valuer, because -he was honest. "If I had another sort of a man as -Valuer, I might gain more riches," he thought.</p> - -<p>One day the king saw a stupid, miserly peasant -come into the palace yard. The king sent for the -fellow and asked him if he would like to be the Valuer. -The peasant said he would like the position. So the -king had him made Valuer. He sent the honest -Valuer away from the palace.</p> - -<p>Then the peasant began to set the prices on horses<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> -and elephants, upon gold and jewels. He did not -know their value, so he would say anything he chose. -As the king had made him Valuer, the people had to -sell their goods for the price he set.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p035.jpg" width="500" -height="289" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -So they went before the king. -</div></div> - -<p>By and by a horse-dealer brought five hundred -horses to the court of this king. The Valuer came -and said they were worth a mere measure of rice. -So the king ordered the horse-dealer to be given the -measure of rice, and the horses to be put in the palace -stables.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span> -The horse-dealer went then to see the honest man -who had been the Valuer, and told him what had happened.</p> - -<p>"What shall I do?" asked the horse-dealer.</p> - -<p>"I think you can give a present to the Valuer which -will make him do and say what you want him to do -and say," said the man. "Go to him and give him -a fine present, then say to him: 'You said the horses -are worth a measure of rice, but now tell what a measure -of rice is worth! Can you value that standing -in your place by the king?' If he says he can, go -with him to the king, and I will be there, too."</p> - -<p>The horse-dealer thought this was a good idea. -So he took a fine present to the Valuer, and said what -the other man had told him to say.</p> - -<p>The Valuer took the present, and said: "Yes, I -can go before the king with you and tell what a measure -of rice is worth. I can value that now."</p> - -<p>"Well, let us go at once," said the horse-dealer. So -they went before the king and his ministers in the -palace.</p> - -<p>The horse-dealer bowed down before the king, and -said: "O King, I have learned that a measure of -rice is the value of my five hundred horses. But will<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span> -the king be pleased to ask the Valuer what is the value -of the measure of rice?"</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p037.jpg" width="500" -height="269" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He ran away from the laughing crowd. -</div></div> - -<p>The king, not knowing what had happened, asked: -"How now, Valuer, what are five hundred horses -worth?"</p> - -<p>"A measure of rice, O King!" said he.</p> - -<p>"Very good, then! If five hundred horses are -worth a measure of rice, what is the measure of rice -worth?"</p> - -<p>"The measure of rice is worth your whole city," -replied the foolish fellow.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span> -The ministers clapped their hands, laughing, and -saying, "What a foolish Valuer! How can such a -man hold that office? We used to think this great -city was beyond price, but this man says it is worth -only a measure of rice."</p> - -<p>Then the king was ashamed, and drove out the foolish -fellow.</p> - -<p>"I tried to please the king by setting a low price -on the horses, and now see what has happened to -me!" said the Valuer, as he ran away from the laughing -crowd.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="IX">IX.<br /> -THE FOOLISH, TIMID RABBIT</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time, a -Rabbit was asleep -under a palm-tree.</p> - -<p>All at once he woke up, -and thought: "What if the -world should break up! -What then would become of -me?"</p> - -<p>At that moment, some -Monkeys dropped a cocoanut. -It fell down on the -ground just back of the -Rabbit.</p> - -<p>Hearing the noise, the -Rabbit said to himself: "The -earth is all breaking up!"</p> - -<p>And he jumped up and -ran just as fast as he could, without even looking back -to see what made the noise.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p039.jpg" width="250" -height="437" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He jumped up and ran. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span> -Another Rabbit saw him running, and called after -him, "What are you running so fast for?"</p> - -<p>"Don't ask me!" he cried.</p> - -<p>But the other Rabbit ran after him, begging to know -what was the matter.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p040.jpg" width="400" -height="245" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The lion. -</div></div> - -<p>Then the first Rabbit said: "Don't you know? -The earth is all breaking up!"</p> - -<p>And on he ran, and the second Rabbit ran with him.</p> - -<p>The next Rabbit they met ran with them when he -heard that the earth was all breaking up.</p> - -<p>One Rabbit after another joined them, until there -were hundreds of Rabbits running as fast as they -could go.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span> -They passed a Deer, calling out to him that the -earth was all breaking up. The Deer then ran with -them.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p041.jpg" width="500" -height="298" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Saw the animals running. -</div></div> - -<p>The Deer called to a Fox to come along because the -earth was all breaking up.</p> - -<p>On and on they ran, and an Elephant joined them.</p> - -<p>At last the Lion saw the animals running, and heard -their cry that the earth was all breaking up.</p> - -<p>He thought there must be some mistake, so he ran -to the foot of a hill in front of them and roared three -times.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span> -This stopped them, for they knew the voice of the -King of Beasts, and they feared him.</p> - -<p>"Why are you running so fast?" asked the Lion.</p> - -<p>"Oh, King Lion," they answered him, "the earth is -all breaking up!"</p> - -<p>"Who saw it breaking up?" asked the Lion.</p> - -<p>"I didn't," said the Elephant. "Ask the Fox—he -told me about it."</p> - -<p>"I didn't," said the Fox.</p> - -<p>"The Rabbits told me about it," said the Deer.</p> - -<p>One after another of the Rabbits said: "I did not -see it, but another Rabbit told me about it."</p> - -<p>At last the Lion came to the Rabbit who had first -said the earth was all breaking up.</p> - -<p>"Is it true that the earth is all breaking up?" the -Lion asked.</p> - -<p>"Yes, O Lion, it is," said the Rabbit. "I was asleep -under a palm-tree. I woke up and thought, 'What -would become of me if the earth should all break up?' -At that very moment, I heard the sound of the earth -breaking up, and I ran away."</p> - -<p>"Then," said the Lion, "you and I will go back to -the place where the earth began to break up, and see -what is the matter."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span> -So the Lion put the little Rabbit on his back, and -away they went like the wind. The other animals -waited for them at the foot of the hill.</p> - -<p>The Rabbit told the Lion when they were near the -place where he slept, and the Lion saw just where the -Rabbit had been sleeping.</p> - -<p>He saw, too, the cocoanut that had fallen to the -ground near by. Then the Lion said to the Rabbit, -"It must have been the sound of the cocoanut falling -to the ground that you heard. You foolish Rabbit!"</p> - -<p>And the Lion ran back to the other animals, and -told them all about it.</p> - -<p>If it had not been for the wise King of Beasts, they -might be running still.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p043.jpg" width="375" -height="308" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Away they went like the wind. -</div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="X">X.<br /> -THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH MERCHANT</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time in a certain country a -thrifty merchant visited a great city and -bought a great supply of goods. He loaded -wagons with the goods, which he was going to sell as -he traveled through the country.</p> - -<p>A stupid young merchant was buying goods in the -same city. He, too, was going to sell what he bought -as he traveled through the country.</p> - -<p>They were both ready to start at the same time.</p> - -<p>The thrifty merchant thought, "We cannot travel -together, for the men will find it hard to get wood -and water, and there will not be enough grass for -so many oxen. Either he or I ought to go first."</p> - -<p>So he went to the young man and told him this, saying, -"Will you go before or come on after me?"</p> - -<p>The other one thought, "It will be better for me to -go first. I shall then travel on a road that is not -cut up. The oxen will eat grass that has not been<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span> -touched. The water will be clean. Also, I shall sell -my goods at what price I like." So he said, "Friend, -I will go on first."</p> - -<p>This answer pleased the thrifty merchant. He said -to himself, "Those who go before will make the rough -places smooth. The old rank grass will have been -eaten by the oxen that have gone before, while my -oxen will eat the freshly grown tender shoots. Those -who go before will dig wells from which we shall -drink. Then, too, I will not have to bother about -setting prices, but I can sell my goods at the prices -set by the other man." So he said aloud, "Very well, -friend, you may go on first."</p> - -<p>At once the foolish merchant started on his journey. -Soon he had left the city and was in the country. By -and by he came to a desert which he had to cross. -So he filled great water-jars with water, loaded -them into a large wagon and started across the -desert.</p> - -<p>Now on the sands of this desert there lived a wicked -demon. This demon saw the foolish young merchant -coming and thought to himself, "If I can make him -empty those water-jars, soon I shall be able to overcome -him and have him in my power."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> -So the demon went further along the road and -changed himself into the likeness of a noble gentleman. -He called up a beautiful carriage, drawn by -milk-white oxen. Then he called ten other demons, -dressed them like men and armed them with bows and -arrows, swords and shields. Seated in his carriage, -followed by the ten demons, he rode back to meet the -merchant. He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung -water-lilies and wet grasses upon the oxen and the -carriage. Then he made the clothes the demons wore -and their hair all wet. Drops of water trickled down -over their faces just as if they had all come through -a stream.</p> - -<p>As the demons neared the foolish merchant they -turned their carriage to one side of the way, saying -pleasantly, "Where are you going?"</p> - -<p>The merchant replied, "We have come from the -great city back there and are going across the desert -to the villages beyond. You come dripping with mud -and carrying water-lilies and grasses. Does it rain -on the road you have come by? Did you come -through a stream?"</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p047.jpg" width="500" -height="310" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung water-lilies and wet grasses -upon the oxen and the carriage. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> -The demon answered, "The dark streak across the -sky is a forest. In it there are ponds full of water-lilies. -The rains come often. What have you in all -those carts?"</p> - -<p>"Goods to be sold," replied the merchant.</p> - -<p>"But in that last big heavy wagon what do you -carry?" the demon asked.</p> - -<p>"Jars full of water for the journey," answered the -merchant.</p> - -<p>The demon said, "You have done well to bring -water as far as this, but there is no need of it beyond. -Empty out all that water and go on easily." Then -he added, "But we have delayed too long. Drive on!" -And he drove on until he was out of sight of the merchant. -Then he returned to his home with his followers -to wait for the night to come.</p> - -<p>The foolish merchant did as the demon bade him and -emptied every jar, saving not even a cupful. On and -on they traveled and the streak on the sky faded with -the sunset. There was no forest, the dark line being -only clouds. No water was to be found. The men -had no water to drink and no food to eat, for they -had no water in which to cook their rice, so they went -thirsty and supperless to bed. The oxen, too, were -hungry and thirsty and dropped down to sleep here -and there. Late at night the demons fell upon them<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span> -and easily carried off every man. They drove the -oxen on ahead of them, but the loaded carts they did -not care to take away.</p> - -<p>A month and a half after this the wise merchant -followed over the same road. He, too, was met on -the desert by the demon just as the other had been. -But the wise man knew the man was a demon because -he cast no shadow. When the demon told him of the -ponds in the forest ahead and advised him to throw -away the water-jars the wise merchant replied, "We -don't throw away the water we have until we get to -a place where we see there is more."</p> - -<p>Then the demon drove on. But the men who were -with the merchant said, "Sir! those men told us that -yonder was the beginning of a great forest, and from -there onwards it was always raining. Their clothes -and hair were dripping with water. Let us throw -away the water-jars and go on faster with lighter -carts!"</p> - -<p>Stopping all the carts the wise merchant asked the -men, "Have you ever heard any one say that there -was a lake or pond in this desert? You have lived -near here always."</p> - -<p>"We never heard of a pond or lake," they said.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> -"Does any man feel a wind laden with dampness -blowing against him?" he asked.</p> - -<p>"No, sir," they answered.</p> - -<p>"Can you see a rain cloud, any of you?" said he.</p> - -<p>"No, sir, not one," they said.</p> - -<p>"Those fellows were not men, they were demons!" -said the wise merchant. "They must have come out -to make us throw away the water. Then when we -were faint and weak they might have put an end to -us. Go on at once and don't throw away a single -half-pint of water."</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p050.jpg" width="500" -height="329" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He himself with the head men stood on guard. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span> -So they drove on and before nightfall they came -upon the loaded wagons belonging to the foolish merchant.</p> - -<p>Then the thrifty merchant had his wagons drawn -up in a circle. In the middle of the circle he had the -oxen lie down, and also some of the men. He himself -with the head men stood on guard, swords in hand -and waited for the demons. But the demons did not -bother them. Early the next day the thrifty merchant -took the best of the wagons left by the foolish -merchant and went on safely to the city across the -desert.</p> - -<p>There he sold all the goods at a profit and returned -with his company to his own city.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XI">XI.<br /> -THE ELEPHANT GIRLY-FACE</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time a king had an Elephant -named Girly-face. The Elephant was called -Girly-face because he was so gentle and good -and looked so kind. "Girly-face never hurts anybody," -the keeper of the Elephants often said.</p> - -<p>Now one night some robbers came into the courtyard -and sat on the ground just outside the stall where -Girly-face slept. The talk of the robbers awoke Girly-face.</p> - -<p>"This is the way to break into a house," they said. -"Once inside the house kill any one who wakens. A -robber must not be afraid to kill. A robber must be -cruel and have no pity. He must never be good, even -for a moment."</p> - -<p>Girly-face said to himself, "Those men are teaching -me how I should act. I will be cruel. I will -show no pity. I will not be good—not even for a moment."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p053.jpg" width="500" -height="274" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The talk of the robbers awoke Girly-face. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p054.jpg" width="475" -height="567" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He picked him up in his trunk and threw the poor keeper to the ground. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span> -So the next morning when the keeper came to feed -Girly-face he picked him up in his trunk and threw -the poor keeper to the ground, killing him.</p> - -<p>Another keeper ran to see what the trouble was, -and Girly-face killed him, too.</p> - -<p>For days and days Girly-face was so ugly that no -one dared go near. The food was left for him, but -no man would go near him.</p> - -<p>By and by the king heard of this and sent one of his -wise men to find out what ailed Girly-face.</p> - -<p>The wise man had known Girly-face a long time. -He looked the Elephant over carefully and could find -nothing that seemed to be the matter.</p> - -<p>He thought at last, "Girly-face must have heard -some bad men talking. Have there been any bad -men talking about here?" asked the wise man.</p> - -<p>"Yes," one of the keepers said, "a band of robbers -were caught here a few weeks ago. They had met -in the yard to talk over their plans. They were -talking together near the stall where Girly-face -sleeps."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p056.jpg" width="500" -height="325" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He looked the Elephant over carefully. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span> -So the wise man went back to the king. Said he, -"I think Girly-face has been listening to bad talk. -If you will send some good men to talk where Girly-face -can hear them I think he will be a good Elephant -once more."</p> - -<p>So that night the king sent a company of the best -men to be found to sit and talk near the stall where -Girly-face lived. They said to one another, "It is -wrong to hurt any one. It is wrong to kill. Every -one should be gentle and good."</p> - -<p>"Now those men are teaching me," thought Girly-face. -"I must be gentle and good. I must hurt no -one. I must not kill any one." And from that time -on Girly-face was tame and as good as ever an Elephant -could be.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XII">XII.<br /> -THE BANYAN DEER</h2></div> - - -<p>There was once a Deer the color of gold. His -eyes were like round jewels, his horns were -white as silver, his mouth was red like a -flower, his hoofs were bright and hard. He had a -large body and a fine tail.</p> - -<p>He lived in a forest and was king of a herd of five -hundred Banyan Deer. Near by lived another herd -of Deer, called the Monkey Deer. They, too, had a -king.</p> - -<p>The king of that country was fond of hunting the -Deer and eating deer meat. He did not like to go -alone so he called the people of his town to go with -him, day after day.</p> - -<p>The townspeople did not like this for while they -were gone no one did their work. So they decided -to make a park and drive the Deer into it. Then the -king could go into the park and hunt and they could -go on with their daily work.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> -They made a park, planted grass in it and provided -water for the Deer, built a fence all around it and -drove the Deer into it.</p> - -<p>Then they shut the gate and went to the king to -tell him that in the park near by he could find all the -Deer he wanted.</p> - -<p>The king went at once to look at the Deer. First -he saw there the two Deer kings, and granted them -their lives. Then he looked at their great herds.</p> - -<p>Some days the king would go to hunt the Deer, -sometimes his cook would go. As soon as any of the -Deer saw them they would shake with fear and run. -But when they had been hit once or twice they would -drop down dead.</p> - -<p>The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of -the Monkey Deer and said, "Friend, many of the Deer -are being killed. Many are wounded besides those -who are killed. After this suppose one from my herd -goes up to be killed one day, and the next day let one -from your herd go up. Fewer Deer will be lost this -way."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p060.jpg" width="500" -height="292" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of the Monkey Deer. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span> -The Monkey Deer agreed. Each day the Deer -whose turn it was would go and lie down, placing its -head on the block. The cook would come and carry -off the one he found lying there.</p> - -<p>One day the lot fell to a mother Deer who had a -young baby. She went to her king and said, "O King -of the Monkey Deer, let the turn pass me by until my -baby is old enough to get along without me. Then I -will go and put my head on the block."</p> - -<p>But the king did not help her. He told her that -if the lot had fallen to her she must die.</p> - -<p>Then she went to the King of the Banyan Deer and -asked him to save her.</p> - -<p>"Go back to your herd. I will go in your place," -said he.</p> - -<p>The next day the cook found the King of the Banyan -Deer lying with his head on the block. The cook -went to the king, who came himself to find out about -this.</p> - -<p>"King of the Banyan Deer! did I not grant you -your life? Why are you lying here?"</p> - -<p>"O great King!" said the King of the Banyan Deer, -"a mother came with her young baby and told me -that the lot had fallen to her. I could not ask any -one else to take her place, so I came myself."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p062.jpg" width="500" -height="294" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Rise up. I grant your life and hers. -</div></div> - -<p>"King of the Banyan Deer! I never saw such kindness -and mercy. Rise up. I grant your life and -hers. Nor will I hunt any more the Deer in either -park or forest."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XIII">XIII.<br /> -THE PRINCES AND THE WATER-SPRITE</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time a king had three sons. The -first was called Prince of the Stars. The next -was called the Moon Prince and the third was -called the Sun Prince. The king was so very happy -when the third son was born that he promised to give -the queen any boon she might ask.</p> - -<p>The queen kept the promise in mind, waiting until -the third son was grown before asking the king to -give her the boon.</p> - -<p>On the twenty-first birthday of the Sun Prince she -said to the king, "Great King, when our youngest child -was born you said you would give me a boon. Now -I ask you to give the kingdom to Sun Prince."</p> - -<p>But the king refused, saying that the kingdom must -go to the oldest son, for it belonged by right to him. -Next it would belong by right to the second son, and -not until they were both dead could the kingdom go to -the third son.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span> -The queen went away, but the king saw that she -was not pleased with his answer. He feared that she -would do harm to the older princes to get them out of -the way of the Sun Prince.</p> - -<p>So he called his elder sons and told them that they -must go and live in the forest until his death. "Then -come back and reign in the city that is yours by right," -he said. And with tears he kissed them on the foreheads -and sent them away.</p> - -<p>As they were going down out of the palace, after -saying good-by to their father, the Sun Prince called -to them, "Where are you going?"</p> - -<p>And when he heard where they were going and -why, he said, "I will go with you, my brothers."</p> - -<p>So off they started. They went on and on and by -and by they reached the forest. There they sat down -to rest in the shade of a pond. Then the eldest -brother said to Sun Prince, "Go down to the pond -and bathe and drink. Then bring us a drink while -we rest here."</p> - -<p>Now the King of the Fairies had given this pond -to a water-sprite. The Fairy King had said to the -water-sprite, "You are to have in your power all who -go down into the water except those who give the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span> -right answer to one question. Those who give the -right answer will not be in your power. The question -is, 'What are the Good Fairies like?'"</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p065.jpg" width="500" -height="310" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The Sun Prince went into the pond. -</div></div> - -<p>When the Sun Prince went into the pond the water-sprite -saw him and asked him the question, "What -are the Good Fairies like?"</p> - -<p>"They are like the Sun and the Moon," said the Sun -Prince.</p> - -<p>"You don't know what the Good Fairies are like,"<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span> -cried the water-sprite, and he carried the poor boy -down into his cave.</p> - -<p>By and by the eldest brother said, "Moon Prince, -go down and see why our brother stays so long in the -pond!"</p> - -<p>As soon as the Moon Prince reached the water's -edge the water-sprite called to him and said, "Tell me -what the Good Fairies are like!"</p> - -<p>"Like the sky above us," replied the Moon Prince.</p> - -<p>"You don't know, either," said the water-sprite, -and dragged the Moon Prince down into the cave -where the Sun Prince sat.</p> - -<p>"Something must have happened to those two -brothers of mine," thought the eldest. So he went to -the pond and saw the marks of the footsteps where -his brothers had gone down into the water. Then -he knew that a water-sprite must live in that pond. -He girded on his sword, and stood with his bow in -his hand.</p> - -<p>The water-sprite soon came along in the form of a -woodsman.</p> - -<p>"You seem tired, Friend," he said to the prince. -"Why don't you bathe in the lake and then lie on the -bank and rest?"</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span></p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p067.jpg" width="500" -height="345" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The water-sprite in the form of a woodsman. -</div></div> - -<p>But the prince knew that it was a water-sprite and -he said, "You have carried off my brothers!"</p> - -<p>"Yes," said the water-sprite.</p> - -<p>"Why did you carry them off?"</p> - -<p>"Because they did not answer my question," said -the water-sprite, "and I have power over all who go -down into the water except those who do give the -right answer."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span> -"I will answer your question," said the eldest -brother. And he did. "The Good Fairies are like</p> - -<div class="poetry-container"> -<div class="poetry"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="line">The pure in heart who fear to sin,</div> -<div class="line">The good, kindly in word and deed."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"O Wise Prince, I will bring back to you one of -your brothers. Which shall I bring?" said the water-sprite.</p> - -<p>"Bring me the younger one," said the prince. "It -was on his account that our father sent us away. I -could never go away with Moon Prince and leave -poor Sun Prince here."</p> - -<p>"O Wise Prince, you know what the good should -do and you are kind. I will bring back both your -brothers," said the water-sprite.</p> - -<p>After that the three princes lived together in the -forest until the king died. Then they went back to -the palace. The eldest brother was made king and -he had his brothers rule with him. He also built a -home for the water-sprite in the palace grounds.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XIV">XIV.<br /> -THE KING'S WHITE ELEPHANT</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time a number of carpenters lived -on a river bank near a large forest. Every -day the carpenters went in boats to the forest -to cut down the trees and make them into lumber.</p> - -<p>One day while they were at work an Elephant came -limping on three feet to them. He held up one foot -and the carpenters saw that it was swollen and sore. -Then the Elephant lay down and the men saw that -there was a great splinter in the sore foot. They -pulled it out and washed the sore carefully so that in -a short time it would be well again.</p> - -<p>Thankful for the cure, the Elephant thought: -"These carpenters have done so much for me, I must -be useful to them."</p> - -<p>So after that the Elephant used to pull up trees for -the carpenters. Sometimes when the trees were -chopped down he would roll the logs down to the river.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span> -Other times he brought their tools for them. And -the carpenters used to feed him well morning, noon -and night.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p070.jpg" width="500" -height="326" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He held up one foot and the carpenters saw that it was swollen -and sore. -</div></div> - -<p>Now this Elephant had a son who was white all -over—a beautiful, strong young one. Said the old -Elephant to himself, "I will take my son to the place -in the forest where I go to work each day so that he -may learn to help the carpenters, for I am no longer -young and strong."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p071.jpg" width="500" -height="477" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The Elephant used to pull up trees for the carpenters. -</div></div> - -<p>So the old Elephant told his son how the carpenters -had taken good care of him when he was badly -hurt and took him to them. The white Elephant did<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span> -as his father told him to do and helped the carpenters -and they fed him well.</p> - -<p>When the work was done at night the young Elephant -went to play in the river. The carpenters' children -played with him, in the water and on the bank. -He liked to pick them up in his trunk and set them -on the high branches of the trees and then let them -climb down on his back.</p> - -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p072.jpg" width="500" -height="389" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -With a last look at his playmates the beautiful white Elephant went -on with the king. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span> -One day the king came down the river and saw -this beautiful white Elephant working for the carpenters. -The king at once wanted the Elephant for -his own and paid the carpenters a great price for him. -Then with a last look at his playmates, the children, -the beautiful white Elephant went on with the king.</p> - -<p>The king was proud of his new Elephant and took -the best care of him as long as he lived.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XV">XV.<br /> -THE OX WHO ENVIED THE PIG</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time there was an Ox named Big -Red. He had a younger brother named Little -Red. These two brothers did all the carting -on a large farm.</p> - -<p>Now the farmer had an only daughter and she was -soon to be married. Her mother gave orders that the -Pig should be fattened for the wedding feast.</p> - -<p>Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice -food. He said to his brother, "How is it, Big Red, -that you and I are given only straw and grass to eat, -while we do all the hard work on the farm? That -lazy Pig does nothing but eat the choice food the -farmer gives him."</p> - -<p>Said his brother, "My dear Little Red, envy him -not. That little Pig is eating the food of death! He -is being fattened for the wedding feast. Eat your -straw and grass and be content and live long."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p075.jpg" width="500" -height="204" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice food. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p076.jpg" width="500" -height="377" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -The fattened Pig was killed and cooked for the wedding feast. -</div></div> - -<p>Not long afterwards the fattened Pig was killed and -cooked for the wedding feast.</p> - -<p>Then Big Red said, "Did you see, Little Red, what -became of the Pig after all his fine feeding?"</p> - -<p>"Yes," said the little brother, "we can go on eating -plain food for years, but the poor little Pig ate the -food of death and now he is dead. His feed was good -while it lasted, but it did not last long."</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XVI">XVI.<br /> -GRANNY'S BLACKIE</h2></div> - - -<p>Once upon a time a rich man gave a baby Elephant -to a woman.</p> - -<p>She took the best of care of this great baby -and soon became very fond of him.</p> - -<p>The children in the village called her Granny, and -they called the Elephant "Granny's Blackie."</p> - -<p>The Elephant carried the children on his back all -over the village. They shared their goodies with him -and he played with them.</p> - -<p>"Please, Blackie, give us a swing," they said to him -almost every day.</p> - -<p>"Come on! Who is first?" Blackie answered and -picked them up with his trunk, swung them high in -the air, and then put them down again, carefully.</p> - -<p>But Blackie never did any work.</p> - -<p>He ate and slept, played with the children, and visited -with Granny.</p> - -<p>One day Blackie wanted Granny to go off to the -woods with him.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p078.jpg" width="500" -height="289" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Blackie swung them high in the air. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> -"I can't go, Blackie, dear. I have too much work -to do."</p> - -<p>Then Blackie looked at her and saw that she was -growing old and feeble.</p> - -<p>"I am young and strong," he thought. "I'll see -if I cannot find some work to do. If I could bring -some money home to her, she would not have to work -so hard."</p> - -<p>So next morning, bright and early, he started down -to the river bank.</p> - -<p>There he found a man who was in great trouble. -There was a long line of wagons so heavily loaded -that the oxen could not draw them through the shallow -water.</p> - -<p>When the man saw Blackie standing on the bank -he asked, "Who owns this Elephant? I want to hire -him to help my Oxen pull these wagons across the -river."</p> - -<p>A child standing near by said, "That is Granny's -Blackie."</p> - -<p>"Very well," said the man, "I'll pay two pieces of -silver for each wagon this Elephant draws across the -river."</p> - -<p>Blackie was glad to hear this promise. He went<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span> -into the river, and drew one wagon after another -across to the other side.</p> - -<p>Then he went up to the man for the money.</p> - -<p>The man counted out one piece of silver for each -wagon.</p> - -<p>When Blackie saw that the man had counted out -but one piece of silver for each wagon, instead of -two, he would not touch the money at all. He stood -in the road and would not let the wagons pass him.</p> - -<p>The man tried to get Blackie out of the way, but -not one step would he move.</p> - -<p>Then the man went back and counted out another -piece of silver for each of the wagons and put the silver -in a bag tied around Blackie's neck.</p> - -<p>Then Blackie started for home, proud to think that -he had a present for Granny.</p> - -<p>The children had missed Blackie and had asked -Granny where he was, but she said she did not know -where he had gone.</p> - -<p>They all looked for him but it was nearly night before -they heard him coming.</p> - -<p>"Where have you been, Blackie? And what is that -around your neck?" the children cried, running to -meet their playmate.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p081.jpg" width="500" -height="267" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -He would not touch the money at all. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p082.jpg" width="500" -height="224" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -Blackie told her that he had earned some money for her. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span> -But Blackie would not stop to talk with his playmates. -He ran straight home to Granny.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Blackie!" she said, "Where have you been? -What is in that bag?" And she took the bag off his -neck.</p> - -<p>Blackie told her that he had earned some money -for her.</p> - -<p>"Oh, Blackie, Blackie," said Granny, "how hard -you must have worked to earn these pieces of silver! -What a good Blackie you are!"</p> - -<p>And after that Blackie did all the hard work and -Granny rested, and they were both very happy.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XVII">XVII.<br /> -THE CRAB AND THE CRANE</h2></div> - - -<p>In the Long Ago there was a summer when very -little rain fell.</p> - -<p>All the Animals suffered for want of water, -but the Fishes suffered most of all.</p> - -<p>In one pond full of Fishes, the water was very low -indeed.</p> - -<p>A Crane sat on the bank watching the Fishes.</p> - -<p>"What are you doing?" asked a little Fish.</p> - -<p>"I am thinking about you Fishes there in the pond. -It is so nearly dry," answered the Crane.</p> - -<p>"Yes," the Crane went on, "I was wishing I might -do something for you. I know of a pond in the deep -woods where there is plenty of water."</p> - -<p>"I declare," said the little Fish, "you are the first -Crane that ever offered to help a Fish."</p> - -<p>"That may be," said the Crane, "but the water is -so low in your pond. I could easily carry you one by<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span> -one on my back to that other pond where there is -plenty of water and food and cool shade."</p> - -<p>"I don't believe there is any such pond," said the -little Fish. "What you wish to do is to eat us, one -by one."</p> - -<p>"If you don't believe me," said the Crane, "send -with me one of the Fishes whom you can believe. I'll -show him the pond and bring him back to tell you all -about it."</p> - -<p>A big Fish heard the Crane and said, "I will go -with you to see the pond—I may as well be eaten by -the Crane as to die here."</p> - -<p>So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and -started for the deep woods.</p> - -<p>Soon the Crane showed the big Fish the pool of -water. "See how cool and shady it is here," he said, -"and how much larger the pond is, and how full it -is!"</p> - -<p>"Yes!" said the big Fish, "take me back to the little -pond and I'll tell the other Fishes all about it." So -back they went.</p> - -<p>The Fishes all wanted to go when they heard the -big Fish talk about the fine pond which he had seen.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p086.jpg" width="400" -height="453" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and started for -the deep woods. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> -Then the Crane picked up another Fish and carried -it away. Not to the pool, but into the woods -where the other Fishes could not see them.</p> - -<p>Then the Crane put the Fish down and ate it. The -Crane went back for another Fish. He carried it to -the same place in the woods and ate it, too.</p> - -<p>This he did until he had eaten all the Fishes in the -pond.</p> - -<p>The next day the Crane went to the pond to see if -he had left a Fish. There was not one left, but there -was a Crab on the sand.</p> - -<p>"Little Crab," said the Crane, "would you let me -take you to the fine pond in the deep woods where I -took the Fishes?"</p> - -<p>"But how could you carry me?" asked the Crab.</p> - -<p>"Oh, easily," answered the Crane. "I'll take you -on my back as I did the Fishes."</p> - -<p>"No, I thank you," said the Crab, "I can't go that -way. I am afraid you might drop me. If I could -take hold of your neck with my claws, I would go. -You know we Crabs have a tight grip."</p> - -<p>The Crane knew about the tight grip of the Crabs, -and he did not like to have the Crab hold on with his -claws. But he was hungry, so he said:</p> - -<p>"Very well, hold tight."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p088.jpg" width="400" -height="464" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -And off went the Crane with the Crab. -</div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span> -And off went the Crane with the Crab.</p> - -<p>When they reached the place where the Crane had -eaten the Fishes, the Crane said:</p> - -<p>"I think you can walk the rest of the way. Let go -of my neck."</p> - -<p>"I see no pond," said the Crab. "All I can see is -a pile of Fish bones. Is that all that is left of the -Fishes?"</p> - -<p>"Yes," said the Crane, "and if you will let go of -my neck, your shell will be all that will be left of you."</p> - -<p>And the Crane put his head down near the ground -so that the Crab could get off easily.</p> - -<p>But the Crab pinched the Crane's neck so that his -head fell off.</p> - -<p>"Not my shell, but your bones are left to dry with -the bones of the Fishes," said the Crab.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<div class="chapter"> -<p class="p6"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span></p> - - - - -<h2 id="XVIII">XVIII.<br /> -WHY THE OWL IS NOT KING OF -THE BIRDS</h2></div> - - -<p>Why is it that Crows torment the Owls as they -sleep in the daytime? For the same reason -that the Owls try to kill the Crows while -they sleep at night.</p> - -<p>Listen to a tale of long ago and then you will see -why.</p> - -<p>Once upon a time, the people who lived together -when the world was young took a certain man for -their king. The four-footed animals also took one of -their number for their king. The fish in the ocean -chose a king to rule over them. Then the birds gathered -together on a great flat rock, crying:</p> - -<p>"Among men there is a king, and among the beasts, -and the fish have one, too; but we birds have none. -We ought to have a king. Let us choose one now."</p> - -<p>And so the birds talked the matter over and at last -they all said, "Let us have the Owl for our king."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span></p> -<div class="figcenter2em"><img src="images/p091.jpg" width="500" -height="341" alt="" title="" /> -<div class="caption"> -"See how sour he looks right now." -</div></div> - -<p>No, not all, for one old Crow rose up and said, "For -my part, I don't want the Owl to be our king. Look -at him now while you are all crying that you want -him for your king. See how sour he looks right now. -If that's the cross look he wears when he is happy, -how will he look when he is angry? I, for one, want -no such sour-looking king!"</p> - -<p>Then the Crow flew up into the air crying, "I don't<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span> -like it! I don't like it!" The Owl rose and followed -him. From that time on the Crows and the Owls -have been enemies. The birds chose a Turtle Dove -to be their king, and then flew to their homes.</p> - - -<p class="center p2">THE END</p> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Jakata tales, by Ellen C. Babbitt - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAKATA TALES *** - -***** This file should be named 62514-h.htm or 62514-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/2/5/1/62514/ - -Produced by Carlos Colón, the University of North Carolina -at Chapel Hill and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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Babbitt - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Jakata tales - -Author: Ellen C. Babbitt - -Illustrator: Ellsworth Young - -Release Date: June 28, 2020 [EBook #62514] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: ASCII - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK JAKATA TALES *** - - - - -Produced by Carlos Colón, the University of North Carolina -at Chapel Hill and the Online Distributed Proofreading -Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was produced from -images generously made available by The Internet Archive) - - - - - - - - - - Transcriber's Notes: - - Italic text is denoted by _underscores_ and bold text by - =equal signs=. - - Small uppercase have been replaced with regular uppercase. - - Blank pages have been eliminated. - - Variations in spelling and hyphenation have been left as in the - original. - - - - - Jataka Tales - - - Re-told by - Ellen C. Babbitt - - - With illustrations by - Ellsworth Young - - - [Illustration] - - - New York - The Century Co. - 1912 - - - - - COPYRIGHT, 1912, BY - THE CENTURY CO. - - _Published, September, 1912_ - - - - - Dedicated - to - DOT - - - - -FOREWORD - - -Long ago I was captivated by the charm of the Jataka Tales and realized -the excellent use that might be made of them in the teaching of -children. The obvious lessons are many of them suitable for little -people, and beneath the obvious there are depths and depths of meaning -which they may learn to fathom later on. The Oriental setting lends an -additional fascination. I am glad that Miss Babbitt has undertaken to -put together this collection, and commend it freely to teachers and -parents. - - FELIX ADLER. - - - - -CONTENTS - - PAGE - - I THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE 3 - - II HOW THE TURTLE SAVED HIS OWN LIFE 10 - - III THE MERCHANT OF SERI 13 - - IV THE TURTLE WHO COULDN'T STOP TALKING 18 - - V THE OX WHO WON THE FORFEIT 21 - - VI THE SANDY ROAD 25 - - VII THE QUARREL OF THE QUAILS 30 - - VIII THE MEASURE OF RICE 34 - - IX THE FOOLISH, TIMID RABBIT 39 - - X THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH MERCHANT 44 - - XI THE ELEPHANT GIRLY-FACE 52 - - XII THE BANYAN DEER 58 - - XIII THE PRINCES AND THE WATER-SPRITE 63 - - XIV THE KING'S WHITE ELEPHANT 69 - - XV THE OX WHO ENVIED THE PIG 74 - - XVI GRANNIE'S BLACKIE 77 - - XVII THE CRAB AND THE CRANE 84 - - XVIII WHY THE OWL IS NOT KING OF THE BIRDS 90 - - - - -PUBLISHER'S NOTE - - -The Jatakas, or Birth-stories, form one of the sacred books of the -Buddhists and relate to the adventures of the Buddha in his former -existences, the best character in any story being identified with the -Master. - -These legends were continually introduced into the religious discourses -of the Buddhist teachers to illustrate the doctrines of their faith or -to magnify the glory and sanctity of the Buddha, somewhat as medieval -preachers in Europe used to enliven their sermons by introducing fables -and popular tales to rouse the flagging interest of their hearers. - -Sculptured scenes from the Jatakas, found upon the carved railings -around the relic shrines of Sanchi and Amaravati and of Bharhut, -indicate that the "Birth-stories" were widely known in the third -century B.C., and were then considered as part of the sacred history of -the religion. At first the tales were probably handed down orally, and -it is uncertain when they were put together in systematic form. - -While some of the stories are Buddhistic and depend for their point -on some custom or idea peculiar to Buddhism, many are age-old fables, -the flotsam and jetsam of folk-lore, which have appeared under various -guises throughout the centuries, as when they were used by Boccaccio or -Poggio, merely as merry tales, or by Chaucer, who unwittingly puts a -Jataka story into the mouth of his pardoners when he tells the tale of -"the Ryotoures three." - -Quaint humor and gentle earnestness distinguish these legends and -they teach many wholesome lessons, among them the duty of kindness to -animals. - -Dr. Felix Adler in his "Moral Instruction of Children," says: - - The Jataka Tales contain deep truths, and are calculated to - impress lessons of great moral beauty. The tale of the Merchant of - Seri, who gave up all that he had in exchange for a golden dish, - embodies much the same idea as the parable of the priceless Pearl, - in the New Testament. The tale of the Measure of Rice illustrates - the importance of a true estimate of values. The tale of the - Banyan Deer, which offered its life to save a doe and her young, - illustrates self-sacrifice of the noblest sort. The tale of the - Sandy Road is one of the finest in the collection. - -And he adds that these tales "are, as everyone must admit, nobly -conceived, lofty in meaning, and many a helpful sermon might be -preached from them as texts." - -[Illustration] - - - - -Jataka Tales - - - - -I - -THE MONKEY AND THE CROCODILE - - -PART I - -A monkey lived in a great tree on a river bank. - -In the river there were many Crocodiles. - -A Crocodile watched the Monkeys for a long time, and one day she said -to her son: "My son, get one of those Monkeys for me. I want the heart -of a Monkey to eat." - -"How am I to catch a Monkey?" asked the little Crocodile. "I do not -travel on land, and the Monkey does not go into the water." - -"Put your wits to work, and you'll find a way," said the mother. - -And the little Crocodile thought and thought. - -At last he said to himself: "I know what I'll do. I'll get that Monkey -that lives in a big tree on the river bank. He wishes to go across the -river to the island where the fruit is so ripe." - -So the Crocodile swam to the tree where the Monkey lived. But he was a -stupid Crocodile. - -"Oh, Monkey," he called, "come with me over to the island where the -fruit is so ripe." - -"How can I go with you?" asked the Monkey. "I do not swim." - -"No--but I do. I will take you over on my back," said the Crocodile. - -The Monkey was greedy, and wanted the ripe fruit, so he jumped down on -the Crocodile's back. - -"Off we go!" said the Crocodile. - -"This is a fine ride you are giving me!" said the Monkey. - -"Do you think so? Well, how do you like this?" asked the Crocodile, -diving. - -"Oh, don't!" cried the Monkey, as he went under the water. He was -afraid to let go, and he did not know what to do under the water. - -When the Crocodile came up, the Monkey sputtered and choked. "Why did -you take me under water, Crocodile?" he asked. - -"I am going to kill you by keeping you under water," answered the -Crocodile. "My mother wants Monkey-heart to eat, and I'm going to take -yours to her." - -[Illustration: "Why did you take me under water, Crocodile?" he asked.] - -"I wish you had told me you wanted my heart," said the Monkey, "then I -might have brought it with me." - -"How queer!" said the stupid Crocodile. "Do you mean to say that you -left your heart back there in the tree?" - -"That is what I mean," said the Monkey. "If you want my heart, we must -go back to the tree and get it. But we are so near the island where the -ripe fruit is, please take me there first." - -"No, Monkey," said the Crocodile, "I'll take you straight back to your -tree. Never mind the ripe fruit. Get your heart and bring it to me at -once. Then we'll see about going to the island." - -"Very well," said the Monkey. - -But no sooner had he jumped onto the bank of the river than--whisk! up -he ran into the tree. - -From the topmost branches he called down to the Crocodile in the water -below: - -"My heart is way up here! If you want it, come for it, come for it!" - - -PART II - -The monkey soon moved away from that tree. - -He wanted to get away from the Crocodile, so that he might live in -peace. - -But the Crocodile found him, far down the river, living in another tree. - -In the middle of the river was an island covered with fruit-trees. - -Half-way between the bank of the river and the island, a large rock -rose out of the water. The Monkey could jump to the rock, and then to -the island. The Crocodile watched the Monkey crossing from the bank of -the river to the rock, and then to the island. - -He thought to himself, "The Monkey will stay on the island all day, and -I'll catch him on his way home at night." - -The Monkey had a fine feast, while the Crocodile swam about, watching -him all day. - -Toward night the Crocodile crawled out of the water and lay on the -rock, perfectly still. - -When it grew dark among the trees, the Monkey started for home. He ran -down to the river bank, and there he stopped. - -"What is the matter with the rock?" the Monkey thought to himself. "I -never saw it so high before. The Crocodile is lying on it!" - -But he went to the edge of the water and called: "Hello, Rock!" - -No answer. - -Then he called again: "Hello, Rock!" - -Three times the Monkey called, and then he said: "Why is it, Friend -Rock, that you do not answer me to-night?" - -"Oh," said the stupid Crocodile to himself, "the rock answers the -Monkey at night. I'll have to answer for the rock this time." - -So he answered: "Yes, Monkey! What is it?" - -The Monkey laughed, and said: "Oh, it's you, Crocodile, is it?" - -"Yes," said the Crocodile. "I am waiting here for you. I am going to -eat you." - -"You have caught me in a trap this time," said the Monkey. "There is no -other way for me to go home. Open your mouth wide so I can jump right -into it." - -[Illustration: The Monkey jumped.] - -Now the Monkey well knew that when Crocodiles open their mouths wide, -they shut their eyes. - -While the Crocodile lay on the rock with his mouth wide open and his -eyes shut, the Monkey jumped. - -But not into his mouth! Oh, no! He landed on the top of the Crocodile's -head, and then sprang quickly to the bank. Up he whisked into his tree. - -When the Crocodile saw the trick the Monkey had played on him, he said: -"Monkey, you have great cunning. You know no fear. I'll let you alone -after this." - -"Thank you, Crocodile, but I shall be on the watch for you just the -same," said the Monkey. - - - - -II - -HOW THE TURTLE SAVED HIS OWN LIFE - - -A king once had a lake made in the courtyard for the young princes to -play in. They swam about in it, and sailed their boats and rafts on it. -One day the king told them he had asked the men to put some fishes into -the lake. - -Off the boys ran to see the fishes. Now, along with the fishes, there -was a Turtle. The boys were delighted with the fishes, but they had -never seen a Turtle, and they were afraid of it, thinking it was a -demon. They ran back to their father, crying, "There is a demon on the -bank of the lake." - -The king ordered his men to catch the demon, and to bring it to the -palace. When the Turtle was brought in, the boys cried and ran away. - -The king was very fond of his sons, so he ordered the men who had -brought the Turtle to kill it. - -"How shall we kill it?" they asked. - -"Pound it to powder," said some one. "Bake it in hot coals," said -another. - -[Illustration: "Throw the thing into the lake."] - -So one plan after another was spoken of. Then an old man who had always -been afraid of the water said: "Throw the thing into the lake where it -flows out over the rocks into the river. Then it will surely be killed." - -When the Turtle heard what the old man said, he thrust out his head and -asked: "Friend, what have I done that you should do such a dreadful -thing as that to me? The other plans were bad enough, but to throw me -into the lake! Don't speak of such a cruel thing!" - -When the king heard what the Turtle said, he told his men to take the -Turtle at once and throw it into the lake. - -The Turtle laughed to himself as he slid away down the river to his old -home. "Good!" he said, "those people do not know how safe I am in the -water!" - - - - -III - -THE MERCHANT OF SERI - - -There was once a merchant of Seri who sold brass and tinware. He went -from town to town, in company with another man, who also sold brass and -tinware. This second man was greedy, getting all he could for nothing, -and giving as little as he could for what he bought. - -When they went into a town, they divided the streets between them. Each -man went up and down the streets he had chosen, calling, "Tinware for -sale. Brass for sale." People came out to their door-steps, and bought, -or traded, with them. - -In one house there lived a poor old woman and her granddaughter. The -family had once been rich, but now the only thing they had left of all -their riches was a golden bowl. The grandmother did not know it was a -golden bowl, but she had kept this because her husband used to eat out -of it in the old days. It stood on a shelf among the other pots and -pans, and was not often used. - -[Illustration: He threw the bowl on the ground.] - -The greedy merchant passed this house, calling, "Buy my water-jars! Buy -my pans!" The granddaughter said: "Oh, Grandmother, do buy something -for me!" - -"My dear," said the old woman, "we are too poor to buy anything. I have -not anything to trade, even." - -"Grandmother, see what the merchant will give for the old bowl. We do -not use that, and perhaps he will take it and give us something we -want for it." - -The old woman called the merchant and showed him the bowl, saying, -"Will you take this, sir, and give the little girl here something for -it?" - -The greedy man took the bowl and scratched its side with a needle. -Thus he found that it was a golden bowl. He hoped he could get it for -nothing, so he said: "What is this worth? Not even a halfpenny." He -threw the bowl on the ground, and went away. - -By and by the other merchant passed the house. For it was agreed that -either merchant might go through any street which the other had left. -He called: "Buy my water-jars! Buy my tinware! Buy my brass!" - -The little girl heard him, and begged her grandmother to see what he -would give for the bowl. - -"My child," said the grandmother, "the merchant who was just here threw -the bowl on the ground and went away. I have nothing else to offer in -trade." - -"But, Grandmother," said the girl, "that was a cross man. This one -looks pleasant. Ask him. Perhaps he'll give some little tin dish." - -"Call him, then, and show it to him," said the old woman. - -As soon as the merchant took the bowl in his hands, he knew it was of -gold. He said: "All that I have here is not worth so much as this bowl. -It is a golden bowl. I am not rich enough to buy it." - -"But, sir, a merchant who passed here a few moments ago, threw it on -the ground, saying it was not worth a halfpenny, and he went away," -said the grandmother. "It was worth nothing to him. If you value it, -take it, giving the little girl some dish she likes for it." - -But the merchant would not have it so. He gave the woman all the money -he had, and all his wares. "Give me but eight pennies," he said. - -So he took the pennies, and left. Going quickly to the river, he paid -the boatman the eight pennies to take him across the river. - -Soon the greedy merchant went back to the house where he had seen the -golden bowl, and said: "Bring that bowl to me, and I will give you -something for it." - -"No," said the grandmother. "You said the bowl was worthless, but -another merchant has paid a great price for it, and taken it away." - -[Illustration: "It is a golden bowl."] - -Then the greedy merchant was angry, crying out, "Through this other man -I have lost a small fortune. That bowl was of gold." - -He ran down to the riverside, and, seeing the other merchant in the -boat out in the river, he called: "Hallo, Boatman! Stop your boat!" - -But the man in the boat said: "Don't stop!" So he reached the city on -the other side of the river, and lived well for a time on the money the -bowl brought him. - - - - -IV - -THE TURTLE WHO COULDN'T STOP TALKING - - -A turtle lived in a pond at the foot of a hill. Two young wild Geese, -looking for food, saw the Turtle, and talked with him. The next day -the Geese came again to visit the Turtle and they became very well -acquainted. Soon they were great friends. - -"Friend Turtle," the Geese said one day, "we have a beautiful home far -away. We are going to fly back to it to-morrow. It will be a long but -pleasant journey. Will you go with us?" - -"How could I? I have no wings," said the Turtle. - -"Oh, we will take you, if only you can keep your mouth shut, and say -not a word to anybody," they said. - -"I can do that," said the Turtle. "Do take me with you. I will do -exactly as you wish." - -[Illustration: "How could I go with you?" said the Turtle.] - -So the next day the Geese brought a stick and they held the ends of it. -"Now take the middle of this in your mouth, and don't say a word until -we reach home," they said. - -[Illustration: The Geese sprang into the air.] - -The Geese then sprang into the air, with the Turtle between them, -holding fast to the stick. - -The village children saw the two Geese flying along with the Turtle -and cried out: "Oh, see the Turtle up in the air! Look at the Geese -carrying a Turtle by a stick! Did you ever see anything more ridiculous -in your life!" - -The Turtle looked down and began to say, "Well, and if my friends carry -me, what business is that of yours?" when he let go, and fell dead at -the feet of the children. - -As the two Geese flew on, they heard the people say, when they came to -see the poor Turtle, "That fellow could not keep his mouth shut. He had -to talk, and so lost his life." - -[Illustration: "Oh, see the Turtle up in the air."] - - - - -V - -THE OX WHO WON THE FORFEIT - - -Long ago a man owned a very strong Ox. The owner was so proud of his -Ox, that he boasted to every man he met about how strong his Ox was. - -One day the owner went into a village, and said to the men there: "I -will pay a forfeit of a thousand pieces of silver if my strong Ox -cannot draw a line of one hundred wagons." - -The men laughed, and said: "Very well; bring your Ox, and we will tie a -hundred wagons in a line and see your Ox draw them along." - -So the man brought his Ox into the village. A crowd gathered to see the -sight. The hundred carts were in line, and the strong Ox was yoked to -the first wagon. - -Then the owner whipped his Ox, and said: "Get up, you wretch! Get -along, you rascal!" - -But the Ox had never been talked to in that way, and he stood still. -Neither the blows nor the hard names could make him move. - -[Illustration: "Get along, you rascal."] - -At last the poor man paid his forfeit, and went sadly home. There he -threw himself on his bed and cried: "Why did that strong Ox act so? -Many a time he has moved heavier loads easily. Why did he shame me -before all those people?" - -At last he got up and went about his work. When he went to feed the Ox -that night, the Ox turned to him and said: "Why did you whip me to-day? -You never whipped me before. Why did you call me 'wretch' and 'rascal'? -You never called me hard names before." - -Then the man said: "I will never treat you badly again. I am sorry I -whipped you and called you names. I will never do so any more. Forgive -me." - -"Very well," said the Ox. "To-morrow I will go into the village and -draw the one hundred carts for you. You have always been a kind master -until to-day. To-morrow you shall gain what you lost." - -The next morning the owner fed the Ox well, and hung a garland of -flowers about his neck. When they went into the village the men laughed -at the man again. - -They said: "Did you come back to lose more money?" - -"To-day I will pay a forfeit of two thousand pieces of silver if my Ox -is not strong enough to pull the one hundred carts," said the owner. - -So again the carts were placed in a line, and the Ox was yoked to the -first. A crowd came to watch again. The owner said: "Good Ox, show how -strong you are! You fine, fine creature!" And he patted his neck and -stroked his sides. - -[Illustration: A garland of flowers about his neck.] - -At once the Ox pulled with all his strength. The carts moved on until -the last cart stood where the first had been. - -Then the crowd shouted, and they paid back the forfeit the man had -lost, saying: "Your Ox is the strongest Ox we ever saw." - -And the Ox and the man went home, happy. - - - - -VI - -THE SANDY ROAD - - -Once upon a time a merchant, with his goods packed in many carts, came -to a desert. He was on his way to the country on the other side of the -desert. - -The sun shone on the fine sand, making it as hot as the top of a stove. -No man could walk on it in the sunlight. But at night, after the sun -went down, the sand cooled, and then men could travel upon it. - -So the merchant waited until after dark, and then set out. Besides the -goods that he was going to sell, he took jars of water and of rice, and -firewood, so that the rice could be cooked. - -All night long he and his men rode on and on. One man was the pilot. He -rode first, for he knew the stars, and by them he guided the drivers. - -At daybreak they stopped and camped. They unyoked the oxen, and fed -them. They built fires and cooked the rice. Then they spread a great -awning over all the carts and the oxen, and the men lay down under it -to rest until sunset. - -[Illustration: They built fires and cooked the rice.] - -In the early evening, they again built fires and cooked rice. After -supper, they folded the awning and put it away. They yoked the oxen, -and, as soon as the sand was cool, they started again on their journey -across the desert. - -Night after night they traveled in this way, resting during the heat -of the day. At last one morning the pilot said: "In one more night we -shall get out of the sand." The men were glad to hear this, for they -were tired. - -After supper that night the merchant said: "You may as well throw away -nearly all the water and the firewood. By to-morrow we shall be in the -city. Yoke the oxen and start on." - -Then the pilot took his place at the head of the line. But, instead of -sitting up and guiding the drivers, he lay down in the wagon on the -cushions. Soon he was fast asleep, because he had not slept for many -nights, and the light had been so strong in the daytime that he had not -slept well then. - -All night long the oxen went on. Near daybreak, the pilot awoke and -looked at the last stars fading in the light. "Halt!" he called to the -drivers. "We are in the same place where we were yesterday. The oxen -must have turned about while I slept." - -They unyoked the oxen, but there was no water for them to drink. They -had thrown away the water that was left the night before. So the -men spread the awning over the carts, and the oxen lay down, tired -and thirsty. The men, too, lay down saying, "The wood and water are -gone--we are lost." - -But the merchant said to himself, "This is no time for me to sleep. -I must find water. The oxen cannot go on if they do not have water to -drink. The men must have water. They cannot cook the rice unless they -have water. If I give up, we shall all be lost!" - -[Illustration: "There must be water somewhere below."] - - -On and on he walked, keeping close watch of the ground. At last he saw -a tuft of grass. "There must be water somewhere below, or that grass -would not be there," he said. - -He ran back, shouting to the men, "Bring the spade and the hammer!" - -They jumped up, and ran with him to the spot where the grass grew. -They began to dig, and by and by they struck a rock and could dig no -further. Then the merchant jumped down into the hole they had dug, and -put his ear to the rock. "I hear water running under this rock," he -called to them. "We must not give up!" Then the merchant came up out -of the hole and said to a serving-lad: "My boy, if you give up we are -lost! You go down and try!" - -The boy stood up straight and raised the hammer high above his head -and hit the rock as hard as ever he could. He would not give in. They -must be saved. Down came the hammer. This time the rock broke. And the -boy had hardly time to get out of the well before it was full of cool -water. The men drank as if they never could get enough, and then they -watered the oxen, and bathed. - -Then they split up their extra yokes and axles, and built a fire, and -cooked their rice. Feeling better, they rested through the day. They -set up a flag on the well for travelers to see. - -At sundown, they started on again, and the next morning reached the -city, where they sold the goods, and then returned home. - - - - -VII - -THE QUARREL OF THE QUAILS - - -Once upon a time many quails lived together in a forest. The wisest of -them all was their leader. - -A man lived near the forest and earned his living by catching quails -and selling them. Day after day he listened to the note of the leader -calling the quails. By and by this man, the fowler, was able to call -the quails together. Hearing the note the quails thought it was their -leader who called. - -When they were crowded together, the fowler threw his net over them and -off he went into the town, where he soon sold all the quails that he -had caught. - -The wise leader saw the plan of the fowler for catching the quails. He -called the birds to him and said, "This fowler is carrying away so many -of us, we must put a stop to it. I have thought of a plan; it is this: -The next time the fowler throws a net over you, each of you must put -your head through one of the little holes in the net. Then all of you -together must fly away to the nearest thorn-bush. You can leave the net -on the thorn-bush and be free yourselves." - -The quails said that was a very good plan and they would try it the -next time the fowler threw the net over them. - -The very next day the fowler came and called them together. Then he -threw the net over them. The quails lifted the net and flew away with -it to the nearest thorn-bush where they left it. They flew back to -their leader to tell him how well his plan had worked. - -The fowler was busy until evening getting his net off the thorns and he -went home empty-handed. The next day the same thing happened, and the -next. His wife was angry because he did not bring home any money, but -the fowler said, "The fact is those quails are working together now. -The moment my net is over them, off they fly with it, leaving it on a -thorn-bush. As soon as the quails begin to quarrel I shall be able to -catch them." - -Not long after this, one of the quails in alighting on their feeding -ground, trod by accident on another's head. "Who trod on my head?" -angrily cried the second. "I did; but I didn't mean to. Don't be -angry," said the first quail, but the second quail was angry and said -mean things. - -[Illustration: The quails lifted the net and flew away with it.] - -Soon all the quails had taken sides in this quarrel. When the fowler -came that day he flung his net over them, and this time instead of -flying off with it, one side said, "Now, you lift the net," and the -other side said, "Lift it yourself." - -"You try to make us lift it all," said the quails on one side. "No, we -don't!" said the others, "you begin and we will help," but neither side -began. - -So the quails quarreled, and while they were quarreling the fowler -caught them all in his net. He took them to town and sold them for a -good price. - -[Illustration: The fowler caught them all in his net.] - - - - -VIII - -THE MEASURE OF RICE - - -At one time a dishonest king had a man called the Valuer in his -court. The Valuer set the price which ought to be paid for horses and -elephants and the other animals. He also set the price on jewelry and -gold, and things of that kind. - -This man was honest and just, and set the proper price to be paid to -the owners of the goods. - -The king was not pleased with this Valuer, because he was honest. "If -I had another sort of a man as Valuer, I might gain more riches," he -thought. - -One day the king saw a stupid, miserly peasant come into the palace -yard. The king sent for the fellow and asked him if he would like to be -the Valuer. The peasant said he would like the position. So the king -had him made Valuer. He sent the honest Valuer away from the palace. - -Then the peasant began to set the prices on horses and elephants, upon -gold and jewels. He did not know their value, so he would say anything -he chose. As the king had made him Valuer, the people had to sell their -goods for the price he set. - -[Illustration: So they went before the king.] - -By and by a horse-dealer brought five hundred horses to the court of -this king. The Valuer came and said they were worth a mere measure of -rice. So the king ordered the horse-dealer to be given the measure of -rice, and the horses to be put in the palace stables. - -The horse-dealer went then to see the honest man who had been the -Valuer, and told him what had happened. - -"What shall I do?" asked the horse-dealer. - -"I think you can give a present to the Valuer which will make him do -and say what you want him to do and say," said the man. "Go to him and -give him a fine present, then say to him: 'You said the horses are -worth a measure of rice, but now tell what a measure of rice is worth! -Can you value that standing in your place by the king?' If he says he -can, go with him to the king, and I will be there, too." - -The horse-dealer thought this was a good idea. So he took a fine -present to the Valuer, and said what the other man had told him to say. - -The Valuer took the present, and said: "Yes, I can go before the king -with you and tell what a measure of rice is worth. I can value that -now." - -"Well, let us go at once," said the horse-dealer. So they went before -the king and his ministers in the palace. - -The horse-dealer bowed down before the king, and said: "O King, I have -learned that a measure of rice is the value of my five hundred horses. -But will the king be pleased to ask the Valuer what is the value of -the measure of rice?" - -[Illustration: He ran away from the laughing crowd.] - -The king, not knowing what had happened, asked: "How now, Valuer, what -are five hundred horses worth?" - -"A measure of rice, O King!" said he. - -"Very good, then! If five hundred horses are worth a measure of rice, -what is the measure of rice worth?" - -"The measure of rice is worth your whole city," replied the foolish -fellow. - -The ministers clapped their hands, laughing, and saying, "What a -foolish Valuer! How can such a man hold that office? We used to think -this great city was beyond price, but this man says it is worth only a -measure of rice." - -Then the king was ashamed, and drove out the foolish fellow. - -"I tried to please the king by setting a low price on the horses, and -now see what has happened to me!" said the Valuer, as he ran away from -the laughing crowd. - - - - -IX - -THE FOOLISH, TIMID RABBIT - - -Once upon a time, a Rabbit was asleep under a palm-tree. - -All at once he woke up, and thought: "What if the world should break -up! What then would become of me?" - -At that moment, some Monkeys dropped a cocoanut. It fell down on the -ground just back of the Rabbit. - -Hearing the noise, the Rabbit said to himself: "The earth is all -breaking up!" - -And he jumped up and ran just as fast as he could, without even looking -back to see what made the noise. - -[Illustration: He jumped up and ran.] - -Another Rabbit saw him running, and called after him, "What are you -running so fast for?" - -"Don't ask me!" he cried. - -But the other Rabbit ran after him, begging to know what was the matter. - -[Illustration: The lion.] - -Then the first Rabbit said: "Don't you know? The earth is all breaking -up!" - -And on he ran, and the second Rabbit ran with him. - -The next Rabbit they met ran with them when he heard that the earth was -all breaking up. - -One Rabbit after another joined them, until there were hundreds of -Rabbits running as fast as they could go. - -They passed a Deer, calling out to him that the earth was all breaking -up. The Deer then ran with them. - -[Illustration: Saw the animals running.] - -The Deer called to a Fox to come along because the earth was all -breaking up. - -On and on they ran, and an Elephant joined them. - -At last the Lion saw the animals running, and heard their cry that the -earth was all breaking up. - -He thought there must be some mistake, so he ran to the foot of a hill -in front of them and roared three times. - -This stopped them, for they knew the voice of the King of Beasts, and -they feared him. - -"Why are you running so fast?" asked the Lion. - -"Oh, King Lion," they answered him, "the earth is all breaking up!" - -"Who saw it breaking up?" asked the Lion. - -"I didn't," said the Elephant. "Ask the Fox--he told me about it." - -"I didn't," said the Fox. - -"The Rabbits told me about it," said the Deer. - -One after another of the Rabbits said: "I did not see it, but another -Rabbit told me about it." - -At last the Lion came to the Rabbit who had first said the earth was -all breaking up. - -"Is it true that the earth is all breaking up?" the Lion asked. - -"Yes, O Lion, it is," said the Rabbit. "I was asleep under a palm-tree. -I woke up and thought, 'What would become of me if the earth should all -break up?' At that very moment, I heard the sound of the earth breaking -up, and I ran away." - -"Then," said the Lion, "you and I will go back to the place where the -earth began to break up, and see what is the matter." - -So the Lion put the little Rabbit on his back, and away they went like -the wind. The other animals waited for them at the foot of the hill. - -The Rabbit told the Lion when they were near the place where he slept, -and the Lion saw just where the Rabbit had been sleeping. - -He saw, too, the cocoanut that had fallen to the ground near by. Then -the Lion said to the Rabbit, "It must have been the sound of the -cocoanut falling to the ground that you heard. You foolish Rabbit!" - -And the Lion ran back to the other animals, and told them all about it. - -If it had not been for the wise King of Beasts, they might be running -still. - -[Illustration: Away they went like the wind.] - - - - -X - -THE WISE AND THE FOOLISH MERCHANT - - -Once upon a time in a certain country a thrifty merchant visited a -great city and bought a great supply of goods. He loaded wagons with -the goods, which he was going to sell as he traveled through the -country. - -A stupid young merchant was buying goods in the same city. He, too, was -going to sell what he bought as he traveled through the country. - -They were both ready to start at the same time. - -The thrifty merchant thought, "We cannot travel together, for the men -will find it hard to get wood and water, and there will not be enough -grass for so many oxen. Either he or I ought to go first." - -So he went to the young man and told him this, saying, "Will you go -before or come on after me?" - -The other one thought, "It will be better for me to go first. I shall -then travel on a road that is not cut up. The oxen will eat grass that -has not been touched. The water will be clean. Also, I shall sell my -goods at what price I like." So he said, "Friend, I will go on first." - -This answer pleased the thrifty merchant. He said to himself, "Those -who go before will make the rough places smooth. The old rank grass -will have been eaten by the oxen that have gone before, while my oxen -will eat the freshly grown tender shoots. Those who go before will dig -wells from which we shall drink. Then, too, I will not have to bother -about setting prices, but I can sell my goods at the prices set by the -other man." So he said aloud, "Very well, friend, you may go on first." - -At once the foolish merchant started on his journey. Soon he had left -the city and was in the country. By and by he came to a desert which -he had to cross. So he filled great water-jars with water, loaded them -into a large wagon and started across the desert. - -Now on the sands of this desert there lived a wicked demon. This demon -saw the foolish young merchant coming and thought to himself, "If I can -make him empty those water-jars, soon I shall be able to overcome him -and have him in my power." - -So the demon went further along the road and changed himself into the -likeness of a noble gentleman. He called up a beautiful carriage, drawn -by milk-white oxen. Then he called ten other demons, dressed them like -men and armed them with bows and arrows, swords and shields. Seated -in his carriage, followed by the ten demons, he rode back to meet the -merchant. He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung water-lilies and wet -grasses upon the oxen and the carriage. Then he made the clothes the -demons wore and their hair all wet. Drops of water trickled down over -their faces just as if they had all come through a stream. - -As the demons neared the foolish merchant they turned their carriage to -one side of the way, saying pleasantly, "Where are you going?" - -The merchant replied, "We have come from the great city back there and -are going across the desert to the villages beyond. You come dripping -with mud and carrying water-lilies and grasses. Does it rain on the -road you have come by? Did you come through a stream?" - -[Illustration: He put mud on the carriage wheels, hung water-lilies and -wet grasses upon the oxen and the carriage.] - -The demon answered, "The dark streak across the sky is a forest. In it -there are ponds full of water-lilies. The rains come often. What have -you in all those carts?" - -"Goods to be sold," replied the merchant. - -"But in that last big heavy wagon what do you carry?" the demon asked. - -"Jars full of water for the journey," answered the merchant. - -The demon said, "You have done well to bring water as far as this, -but there is no need of it beyond. Empty out all that water and go on -easily." Then he added, "But we have delayed too long. Drive on!" And -he drove on until he was out of sight of the merchant. Then he returned -to his home with his followers to wait for the night to come. - -The foolish merchant did as the demon bade him and emptied every jar, -saving not even a cupful. On and on they traveled and the streak on the -sky faded with the sunset. There was no forest, the dark line being -only clouds. No water was to be found. The men had no water to drink -and no food to eat, for they had no water in which to cook their rice, -so they went thirsty and supperless to bed. The oxen, too, were hungry -and thirsty and dropped down to sleep here and there. Late at night the -demons fell upon them and easily carried off every man. They drove the -oxen on ahead of them, but the loaded carts they did not care to take -away. - -A month and a half after this the wise merchant followed over the same -road. He, too, was met on the desert by the demon just as the other -had been. But the wise man knew the man was a demon because he cast no -shadow. When the demon told him of the ponds in the forest ahead and -advised him to throw away the water-jars the wise merchant replied, "We -don't throw away the water we have until we get to a place where we see -there is more." - -Then the demon drove on. But the men who were with the merchant said, -"Sir! those men told us that yonder was the beginning of a great -forest, and from there onwards it was always raining. Their clothes and -hair were dripping with water. Let us throw away the water-jars and go -on faster with lighter carts!" - -Stopping all the carts the wise merchant asked the men, "Have you ever -heard any one say that there was a lake or pond in this desert? You -have lived near here always." - -"We never heard of a pond or lake," they said. - -"Does any man feel a wind laden with dampness blowing against him?" he -asked. - -"No, sir," they answered. - -"Can you see a rain cloud, any of you?" said he. - -"No, sir, not one," they said. - -"Those fellows were not men, they were demons!" said the wise merchant. -"They must have come out to make us throw away the water. Then when we -were faint and weak they might have put an end to us. Go on at once and -don't throw away a single half-pint of water." - -[Illustration: He himself with the head men stood on guard.] - -So they drove on and before nightfall they came upon the loaded wagons -belonging to the foolish merchant. - -Then the thrifty merchant had his wagons drawn up in a circle. In the -middle of the circle he had the oxen lie down, and also some of the -men. He himself with the head men stood on guard, swords in hand and -waited for the demons. But the demons did not bother them. Early the -next day the thrifty merchant took the best of the wagons left by the -foolish merchant and went on safely to the city across the desert. - -There he sold all the goods at a profit and returned with his company -to his own city. - - - - -XI - -THE ELEPHANT GIRLY-FACE - - -Once upon a time a king had an Elephant named Girly-face. The Elephant -was called Girly-face because he was so gentle and good and looked so -kind. "Girly-face never hurts anybody," the keeper of the Elephants -often said. - -Now one night some robbers came into the courtyard and sat on the -ground just outside the stall where Girly-face slept. The talk of the -robbers awoke Girly-face. - -"This is the way to break into a house," they said. "Once inside the -house kill any one who wakens. A robber must not be afraid to kill. A -robber must be cruel and have no pity. He must never be good, even for -a moment." - -Girly-face said to himself, "Those men are teaching me how I should -act. I will be cruel. I will show no pity. I will not be good--not even -for a moment." - -[Illustration: The talk of the robbers awoke Girly-face.] - -[Illustration: He picked him up in his trunk and threw the poor keeper -to the ground.] - -So the next morning when the keeper came to feed Girly-face he picked -him up in his trunk and threw the poor keeper to the ground, killing -him. - -Another keeper ran to see what the trouble was, and Girly-face killed -him, too. - -For days and days Girly-face was so ugly that no one dared go near. The -food was left for him, but no man would go near him. - -By and by the king heard of this and sent one of his wise men to find -out what ailed Girly-face. - -The wise man had known Girly-face a long time. He looked the Elephant -over carefully and could find nothing that seemed to be the matter. - -He thought at last, "Girly-face must have heard some bad men talking. -Have there been any bad men talking about here?" asked the wise man. - -"Yes," one of the keepers said, "a band of robbers were caught here a -few weeks ago. They had met in the yard to talk over their plans. They -were talking together near the stall where Girly-face sleeps." - -[Illustration: He looked the Elephant over carefully.] - -So the wise man went back to the king. Said he, "I think Girly-face -has been listening to bad talk. If you will send some good men to talk -where Girly-face can hear them I think he will be a good Elephant -once more." - -So that night the king sent a company of the best men to be found to -sit and talk near the stall where Girly-face lived. They said to one -another, "It is wrong to hurt any one. It is wrong to kill. Every one -should be gentle and good." - -"Now those men are teaching me," thought Girly-face. "I must be gentle -and good. I must hurt no one. I must not kill any one." And from that -time on Girly-face was tame and as good as ever an Elephant could be. - - - - -XII - -THE BANYAN DEER - - -There was once a Deer the color of gold. His eyes were like round -jewels, his horns were white as silver, his mouth was red like a -flower, his hoofs were bright and hard. He had a large body and a fine -tail. - -He lived in a forest and was king of a herd of five hundred Banyan -Deer. Near by lived another herd of Deer, called the Monkey Deer. They, -too, had a king. - -The king of that country was fond of hunting the Deer and eating deer -meat. He did not like to go alone so he called the people of his town -to go with him, day after day. - -The townspeople did not like this for while they were gone no one did -their work. So they decided to make a park and drive the Deer into it. -Then the king could go into the park and hunt and they could go on with -their daily work. - -They made a park, planted grass in it and provided water for the Deer, -built a fence all around it and drove the Deer into it. - -Then they shut the gate and went to the king to tell him that in the -park near by he could find all the Deer he wanted. - -The king went at once to look at the Deer. First he saw there the two -Deer kings, and granted them their lives. Then he looked at their great -herds. - -Some days the king would go to hunt the Deer, sometimes his cook would -go. As soon as any of the Deer saw them they would shake with fear and -run. But when they had been hit once or twice they would drop down dead. - -The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of the Monkey Deer and -said, "Friend, many of the Deer are being killed. Many are wounded -besides those who are killed. After this suppose one from my herd goes -up to be killed one day, and the next day let one from your herd go up. -Fewer Deer will be lost this way." - -[Illustration: The King of the Banyan Deer sent for the King of the -Monkey Deer.] - -The Monkey Deer agreed. Each day the Deer whose turn it was would go -and lie down, placing its head on the block. The cook would come and -carry off the one he found lying there. - -One day the lot fell to a mother Deer who had a young baby. She went to -her king and said, "O King of the Monkey Deer, let the turn pass me by -until my baby is old enough to get along without me. Then I will go and -put my head on the block." - -But the king did not help her. He told her that if the lot had fallen -to her she must die. - -Then she went to the King of the Banyan Deer and asked him to save her. - -"Go back to your herd. I will go in your place," said he. - -The next day the cook found the King of the Banyan Deer lying with his -head on the block. The cook went to the king, who came himself to find -out about this. - -"King of the Banyan Deer! did I not grant you your life? Why are you -lying here?" - -"O great King!" said the King of the Banyan Deer, "a mother came with -her young baby and told me that the lot had fallen to her. I could not -ask any one else to take her place, so I came myself." - -[Illustration: Rise up. I grant your life and hers.] - -"King of the Banyan Deer! I never saw such kindness and mercy. Rise up. -I grant your life and hers. Nor will I hunt any more the Deer in either -park or forest." - - - - -XIII - -THE PRINCES AND THE WATER-SPRITE - - -Once upon a time a king had three sons. The first was called Prince of -the Stars. The next was called the Moon Prince and the third was called -the Sun Prince. The king was so very happy when the third son was born -that he promised to give the queen any boon she might ask. - -The queen kept the promise in mind, waiting until the third son was -grown before asking the king to give her the boon. - -On the twenty-first birthday of the Sun Prince she said to the king, -"Great King, when our youngest child was born you said you would give -me a boon. Now I ask you to give the kingdom to Sun Prince." - -But the king refused, saying that the kingdom must go to the oldest -son, for it belonged by right to him. Next it would belong by right to -the second son, and not until they were both dead could the kingdom go -to the third son. - -The queen went away, but the king saw that she was not pleased with his -answer. He feared that she would do harm to the older princes to get -them out of the way of the Sun Prince. - -So he called his elder sons and told them that they must go and live -in the forest until his death. "Then come back and reign in the city -that is yours by right," he said. And with tears he kissed them on the -foreheads and sent them away. - -As they were going down out of the palace, after saying good-by to -their father, the Sun Prince called to them, "Where are you going?" - -And when he heard where they were going and why, he said, "I will go -with you, my brothers." - -So off they started. They went on and on and by and by they reached the -forest. There they sat down to rest in the shade of a pond. Then the -eldest brother said to Sun Prince, "Go down to the pond and bathe and -drink. Then bring us a drink while we rest here." - -Now the King of the Fairies had given this pond to a water-sprite. The -Fairy King had said to the water-sprite, "You are to have in your power -all who go down into the water except those who give the right answer -to one question. Those who give the right answer will not be in your -power. The question is, 'What are the Good Fairies like?'" - -[Illustration: The Sun Prince went into the pond.] - -When the Sun Prince went into the pond the water-sprite saw him and -asked him the question, "What are the Good Fairies like?" - -"They are like the Sun and the Moon," said the Sun Prince. - -"You don't know what the Good Fairies are like," cried the -water-sprite, and he carried the poor boy down into his cave. - -By and by the eldest brother said, "Moon Prince, go down and see why -our brother stays so long in the pond!" - -As soon as the Moon Prince reached the water's edge the water-sprite -called to him and said, "Tell me what the Good Fairies are like!" - -"Like the sky above us," replied the Moon Prince. - -"You don't know, either," said the water-sprite, and dragged the Moon -Prince down into the cave where the Sun Prince sat. - -"Something must have happened to those two brothers of mine," thought -the eldest. So he went to the pond and saw the marks of the footsteps -where his brothers had gone down into the water. Then he knew that a -water-sprite must live in that pond. He girded on his sword, and stood -with his bow in his hand. - -The water-sprite soon came along in the form of a woodsman. - -"You seem tired, Friend," he said to the prince. "Why don't you bathe -in the lake and then lie on the bank and rest?" - -[Illustration: The water-sprite in the form of a woodsman.] - -But the prince knew that it was a water-sprite and he said, "You have -carried off my brothers!" - -"Yes," said the water-sprite. - -"Why did you carry them off?" - -"Because they did not answer my question," said the water-sprite, "and -I have power over all who go down into the water except those who do -give the right answer." - -"I will answer your question," said the eldest brother. And he did. -"The Good Fairies are like - - The pure in heart who fear to sin, - The good, kindly in word and deed." - -"O Wise Prince, I will bring back to you one of your brothers. Which -shall I bring?" said the water-sprite. - -"Bring me the younger one," said the prince. "It was on his account -that our father sent us away. I could never go away with Moon Prince -and leave poor Sun Prince here." - -"O Wise Prince, you know what the good should do and you are kind. I -will bring back both your brothers," said the water-sprite. - -After that the three princes lived together in the forest until the -king died. Then they went back to the palace. The eldest brother was -made king and he had his brothers rule with him. He also built a home -for the water-sprite in the palace grounds. - - - - -XIV - -THE KING'S WHITE ELEPHANT - - -Once upon a time a number of carpenters lived on a river bank near a -large forest. Every day the carpenters went in boats to the forest to -cut down the trees and make them into lumber. - -One day while they were at work an Elephant came limping on three feet -to them. He held up one foot and the carpenters saw that it was swollen -and sore. Then the Elephant lay down and the men saw that there was a -great splinter in the sore foot. They pulled it out and washed the sore -carefully so that in a short time it would be well again. - -Thankful for the cure, the Elephant thought: "These carpenters have -done so much for me, I must be useful to them." - -So after that the Elephant used to pull up trees for the carpenters. -Sometimes when the trees were chopped down he would roll the logs down -to the river. Other times he brought their tools for them. And the -carpenters used to feed him well morning, noon and night. - -[Illustration: He held up one foot and the carpenters saw that it was -swollen and sore.] - -Now this Elephant had a son who was white all over--a beautiful, strong -young one. Said the old Elephant to himself, "I will take my son to the -place in the forest where I go to work each day so that he may learn to -help the carpenters, for I am no longer young and strong." - -[Illustration: The Elephant used to pull up trees for the carpenters.] - -So the old Elephant told his son how the carpenters had taken good care -of him when he was badly hurt and took him to them. The white Elephant -did as his father told him to do and helped the carpenters and they -fed him well. - -When the work was done at night the young Elephant went to play in the -river. The carpenters' children played with him, in the water and on -the bank. He liked to pick them up in his trunk and set them on the -high branches of the trees and then let them climb down on his back. - -[Illustration: With a last look at his playmates the beautiful white -Elephant went on with the king.] - -One day the king came down the river and saw this beautiful white -Elephant working for the carpenters. The king at once wanted the -Elephant for his own and paid the carpenters a great price for him. -Then with a last look at his playmates, the children, the beautiful -white Elephant went on with the king. - -The king was proud of his new Elephant and took the best care of him as -long as he lived. - - - - -XV - -THE OX WHO ENVIED THE PIG - - -Once upon a time there was an Ox named Big Red. He had a younger -brother named Little Red. These two brothers did all the carting on a -large farm. - -Now the farmer had an only daughter and she was soon to be married. -Her mother gave orders that the Pig should be fattened for the wedding -feast. - -Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice food. He said to his -brother, "How is it, Big Red, that you and I are given only straw and -grass to eat, while we do all the hard work on the farm? That lazy Pig -does nothing but eat the choice food the farmer gives him." - -Said his brother, "My dear Little Red, envy him not. That little Pig is -eating the food of death! He is being fattened for the wedding feast. -Eat your straw and grass and be content and live long." - -[Illustration: Little Red noticed that the Pig was fed on choice food.] - -[Illustration: The fattened Pig was killed and cooked for the wedding -feast.] - -Not long afterwards the fattened Pig was killed and cooked for the -wedding feast. - -Then Big Red said, "Did you see, Little Red, what became of the Pig -after all his fine feeding?" - -"Yes," said the little brother, "we can go on eating plain food for -years, but the poor little Pig ate the food of death and now he is -dead. His feed was good while it lasted, but it did not last long." - - - - -XVI - -GRANNY'S BLACKIE - - -Once upon a time a rich man gave a baby Elephant to a woman. - -She took the best of care of this great baby and soon became very fond -of him. - -The children in the village called her Granny, and they called the -Elephant "Granny's Blackie." - -The Elephant carried the children on his back all over the village. -They shared their goodies with him and he played with them. - -"Please, Blackie, give us a swing," they said to him almost every day. - -"Come on! Who is first?" Blackie answered and picked them up with -his trunk, swung them high in the air, and then put them down again, -carefully. - -But Blackie never did any work. - -He ate and slept, played with the children, and visited with Granny. - -One day Blackie wanted Granny to go off to the woods with him. - -[Illustration: Blackie swung them high in the air.] - -"I can't go, Blackie, dear. I have too much work to do." - -Then Blackie looked at her and saw that she was growing old and feeble. - -"I am young and strong," he thought. "I'll see if I cannot find some -work to do. If I could bring some money home to her, she would not have -to work so hard." - -So next morning, bright and early, he started down to the river bank. - -There he found a man who was in great trouble. There was a long line of -wagons so heavily loaded that the oxen could not draw them through the -shallow water. - -When the man saw Blackie standing on the bank he asked, "Who owns this -Elephant? I want to hire him to help my Oxen pull these wagons across -the river." - -A child standing near by said, "That is Granny's Blackie." - -"Very well," said the man, "I'll pay two pieces of silver for each -wagon this Elephant draws across the river." - -Blackie was glad to hear this promise. He went into the river, and -drew one wagon after another across to the other side. - -Then he went up to the man for the money. - -The man counted out one piece of silver for each wagon. - -When Blackie saw that the man had counted out but one piece of silver -for each wagon, instead of two, he would not touch the money at all. He -stood in the road and would not let the wagons pass him. - -The man tried to get Blackie out of the way, but not one step would he -move. - -Then the man went back and counted out another piece of silver for each -of the wagons and put the silver in a bag tied around Blackie's neck. - -Then Blackie started for home, proud to think that he had a present for -Granny. - -The children had missed Blackie and had asked Granny where he was, but -she said she did not know where he had gone. - -They all looked for him but it was nearly night before they heard him -coming. - -"Where have you been, Blackie? And what is that around your neck?" the -children cried, running to meet their playmate. - -[Illustration: He would not touch the money at all.] - -[Illustration: Blackie told her that he had earned some money for her.] - -But Blackie would not stop to talk with his playmates. He ran straight -home to Granny. - -"Oh, Blackie!" she said, "Where have you been? What is in that bag?" -And she took the bag off his neck. - -Blackie told her that he had earned some money for her. - -"Oh, Blackie, Blackie," said Granny, "how hard you must have worked to -earn these pieces of silver! What a good Blackie you are!" - -And after that Blackie did all the hard work and Granny rested, and -they were both very happy. - - - - -XVII - -THE CRAB AND THE CRANE - - -In the Long Ago there was a summer when very little rain fell. - -All the Animals suffered for want of water, but the Fishes suffered -most of all. - -In one pond full of Fishes, the water was very low indeed. - -A Crane sat on the bank watching the Fishes. - -"What are you doing?" asked a little Fish. - -"I am thinking about you Fishes there in the pond. It is so nearly -dry," answered the Crane. - -"Yes," the Crane went on, "I was wishing I might do something for you. -I know of a pond in the deep woods where there is plenty of water." - -"I declare," said the little Fish, "you are the first Crane that ever -offered to help a Fish." - -"That may be," said the Crane, "but the water is so low in your pond. I -could easily carry you one by one on my back to that other pond where -there is plenty of water and food and cool shade." - -"I don't believe there is any such pond," said the little Fish. "What -you wish to do is to eat us, one by one." - -"If you don't believe me," said the Crane, "send with me one of the -Fishes whom you can believe. I'll show him the pond and bring him back -to tell you all about it." - -A big Fish heard the Crane and said, "I will go with you to see the -pond--I may as well be eaten by the Crane as to die here." - -So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and started for the deep -woods. - -Soon the Crane showed the big Fish the pool of water. "See how cool and -shady it is here," he said, "and how much larger the pond is, and how -full it is!" - -"Yes!" said the big Fish, "take me back to the little pond and I'll -tell the other Fishes all about it." So back they went. - -The Fishes all wanted to go when they heard the big Fish talk about the -fine pond which he had seen. - -[Illustration: So the Crane put the big Fish on his back and started -for the deep woods.] - -Then the Crane picked up another Fish and carried it away. Not to the -pool, but into the woods where the other Fishes could not see them. - -Then the Crane put the Fish down and ate it. The Crane went back for -another Fish. He carried it to the same place in the woods and ate it, -too. - -This he did until he had eaten all the Fishes in the pond. - -The next day the Crane went to the pond to see if he had left a Fish. -There was not one left, but there was a Crab on the sand. - -"Little Crab," said the Crane, "would you let me take you to the fine -pond in the deep woods where I took the Fishes?" - -"But how could you carry me?" asked the Crab. - -"Oh, easily," answered the Crane. "I'll take you on my back as I did -the Fishes." - -"No, I thank you," said the Crab, "I can't go that way. I am afraid you -might drop me. If I could take hold of your neck with my claws, I would -go. You know we Crabs have a tight grip." - -The Crane knew about the tight grip of the Crabs, and he did not like -to have the Crab hold on with his claws. But he was hungry, so he said: - -"Very well, hold tight." - -[Illustration: And off went the Crane with the Crab.] - -And off went the Crane with the Crab. - -When they reached the place where the Crane had eaten the Fishes, the -Crane said: - -"I think you can walk the rest of the way. Let go of my neck." - -"I see no pond," said the Crab. "All I can see is a pile of Fish bones. -Is that all that is left of the Fishes?" - -"Yes," said the Crane, "and if you will let go of my neck, your shell -will be all that will be left of you." - -And the Crane put his head down near the ground so that the Crab could -get off easily. - -But the Crab pinched the Crane's neck so that his head fell off. - -"Not my shell, but your bones are left to dry with the bones of the -Fishes," said the Crab. - - - - -XVIII - -WHY THE OWL IS NOT KING OF THE BIRDS - - -Why is it that Crows torment the Owls as they sleep in the daytime? For -the same reason that the Owls try to kill the Crows while they sleep at -night. - -Listen to a tale of long ago and then you will see why. - -Once upon a time, the people who lived together when the world was -young took a certain man for their king. The four-footed animals also -took one of their number for their king. The fish in the ocean chose -a king to rule over them. Then the birds gathered together on a great -flat rock, crying: - -"Among men there is a king, and among the beasts, and the fish have -one, too; but we birds have none. We ought to have a king. Let us -choose one now." - -And so the birds talked the matter over and at last they all said, "Let -us have the Owl for our king." - -[Illustration: "See how sour he looks right now."] - -No, not all, for one old Crow rose up and said, "For my part, I don't -want the Owl to be our king. Look at him now while you are all crying -that you want him for your king. See how sour he looks right now. If -that's the cross look he wears when he is happy, how will he look when -he is angry? I, for one, want no such sour-looking king!" - -Then the Crow flew up into the air crying, "I don't like it! I don't -like it!" The Owl rose and followed him. From that time on the Crows -and the Owls have been enemies. The birds chose a Turtle Dove to be -their king, and then flew to their homes. - - -THE END - - - - - -End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Jakata tales, by Ellen C. 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