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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #62531 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62531)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Luxurious Bathing, by Andrew W. Tuer
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Luxurious Bathing
-
-Author: Andrew W. Tuer
-
-Illustrator: Tristram Ellis
-
-Release Date: June 30, 2020 [EBook #62531]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LUXURIOUS BATHING ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Richard Tonsing, Chris Curnow, and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
-by The Internet Archive)
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-
-
-                          _LUXURIOUS BATHING_:
-
-
-   (_Fourth Edition_)                                     EIGHT
-        A SKETCH                                        ETCHINGS
-           BY                [Illustration:                BY
-     ANDREW W. TUER:      Shadows in the pond.]      TRISTRAM ELLIS.
-         ——————                                          ——————
-          1880.                                            5⁄−
-
-
-               London:              │             New York:
-   _Field & Tuer, Y^e Leadenhalle   │  _Scribner & Welford, 743 & 745,
-            Presse, E.C._           │            Broadway._
-
-
-
-
-                          _LUXURIOUS BATHING._
-
-
-  (_The First Edition was published in folio form with Etchings by Mr.
-                    Sutton Sharpe, at Three Guineas:
-                        Proofs Seven Guineas._)
-
-
-      “Remarque” Proofs (signed) six only printed, Three Guineas.
-
- Proofs before Letters, Japanese paper (signed) 20 copies only printed,
-                              One Guinea.
-
- Proofs, white hand-made paper, 100 copies only printed, Half-a-Guinea.
-
-
-  NOTE.—The copper-plates having been steel-faced suffer little or no
-                       deterioration in printing.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-                            _ITS PRACTICE._
-
-
-Treatises and disquisitions sufficient to form a library of no
-inconsiderable dimensions have been written during the last three
-centuries on the subject of baths: boiling, freezing, variously
-medicated—including tar-water, steam, and spray; milk, whey, broth, mud,
-sand, and even earth-baths—in which the patient for hours together was
-buried up to his neck in a fallow field—have all had their exponents and
-upholders; then there is the vapour-bath of the Russian, the dry, hot
-air or Turkish-bath, besides the cold air-bath recommended by Franklin,
-and those who like it may follow the example of the elder Pliny who used
-to indulge in a bath of sunshine. Now-a-days it is a common practice, on
-the shores of the Mediterranean, for many of the inhabitants, during the
-hot months, to pass a considerable portion of their time sitting on
-chairs placed a few feet from the shore, the calm water, without even
-the _nuance_ of a ripple, reaching to the neck, while the head is
-protected from the scorching sun by an immense grass hat.
-
-_The_ inference may be too hastily drawn that what is advocated in this
-Sketch is unnecessary, being simply what everyone now-a-days practises
-in one form or another—cleanliness; on consideration, however, this will
-be found to be hardly the fact. We are a cleanly nation, or at any rate
-more cleanly than we were, but bathing with hot or cold water as
-ordinarily practised is not so enjoyable and luxurious as it might be,
-and moreover, to the weakly, is often harmful in its action.
-
-_Perhaps_ the very acme of luxurious bathing is reached in the
-_Soap-bath_, an application of hot water and soap to the whole body,
-followed immediately by a cold plunge, or a sponge-bath. A bath is at
-once a necessity and a luxury, and in order to obtain the greatest
-number of benefits, including increased health, appetite, vigour, and
-good spirits, the _Soap-bath_ is the most effectual, and moreover the
-pleasantest and least trying to the weakly or over sensitive
-constitution.
-
-_It_ is a simple and invigorating luxury as compared with the
-self-inflicted half-painful ordeal the cold bath is to many, which
-latter is too often taken, not for its own sake, but for the good
-supposed to follow its use. After a _Soap-bath_, however, one is ready
-for the duties or pleasures of the day: duty in fact becomes a pleasure,
-and pleasure itself is intensified.
-
-[Illustration: A hot Afternoon.]
-
-_The Soap-bath_ obtains a rapidly increasing number of adherents, and
-when once the habit of taking it is formed, it will not readily be
-abandoned, as it forms one of the pleasures, if not _the_ pleasure of
-the day, and moreover, can be indulged in all the year round.
-
-_The_ fair sex will find the _Soap-bath_ vastly superior to any
-cosmetic: it renders the skin as soft as an infant’s, and, with
-increased health, the complexion will appear more delicate and clear,
-tinged with a healthy colour beyond the power of art to produce.
-
-_It_ appears from the evidence obtained by modern scientific research,
-that hot water destroys the germinating power of malignant contagious
-diseases, and that soap chemically poisons it. These germs or spores are
-carried about by every wind that blows: and when it is borne in mind
-that, roughly speaking, a million of such germs will lie on a
-threepenny-piece; the value, as a preventive of contagion, of a thorough
-daily ablution with soap, may be estimated.
-
-_The_ Romans, according to Pliny, raised the temperature of their air
-baths to almost boiling point, and they were apparently well acquainted
-with the grateful and invigorating after-application of cold water.
-
-_It_ is no slight recommendation of the _Soap-bath_, that while being an
-absolute luxury both for the feeble and robust, it cannot be resorted to
-as a mere indolent indulgence: the lungs and muscles are called into
-full action, a moderate though pleasant shock is encountered, and the
-bather has the satisfaction of knowing that all the pleasure and
-advantages gained are actually earned.
-
-_The_ application of the _Soap-bath_ is very simple: the bather is armed
-with a large lump of good ordinary yellow soap, and a loose washing
-glove (the white and very soft “Turkish” is the pleasantest, or if a
-hard glove be preferred, the “Baden” may be used) big enough to come
-over the wrist, and standing _découvert_ in front of the washing basin
-containing _hot_ water, quickly and vigorously covers the body from head
-to foot with a thick and abundant lather. By using hot water, chills are
-avoided, and the body is kept sufficiently warm to avoid the
-unpleasantness, and often harm, following repeated applications of mere
-handfuls of cold liquid.
-
-_The_ soap application may take about three or four minutes at most; the
-very robust may use tepid water, but most persons will find warm or hot
-more agreeable; and more delicate persons whose finger-tips have the
-unpleasant habit of turning numb and white upon the application of cold
-water, will find in the _Soap-bath_ an agreeable means of bathing
-otherwise perhaps unattainable.
-
-_Cold_ bathing promotes vigour in the young and healthy, and the
-_Soap-bath_ has the same effect in an intensified degree, with the
-further inestimable advantage—except where there are positive
-indications of lung or heart disease—of being alike suitable to the
-robust and weakly.
-
-_With_ the body thoroughly warm comes the plunge into cold water, which
-must be got over quickly—once, twice, or thrice, overhead—but a couple
-of rapid dips are sufficient to remove every particle of soap.
-
-_A Plunge-bath_ sunk below the surface of the bath-room, lined with
-white glazed tiles, and nearly full of clear water, into which one can
-take a header, and clamber out by the aid of a rope and gently sloping
-ladder, is perhaps the best and most luxurious form; it is to be
-regretted that there are few such baths in modern houses.
-
-_There_ are persons who habitually bathe in tepid water, and remain
-splashing about for a considerable time, but much greater benefit is to
-be derived, and the body becomes infinitely more refreshed and
-invigorated by a shorter immersion in water of a lower temperature.
-
-_The_ head must remain uncovered and receive the full benefit of the
-cold water. This may be a serious consideration for ladies, but there is
-no choice: the penalty for keeping the head dry will usually be a
-violent headache with the probable complaint that “baths don’t suit me,”
-but whether, in the absence of wetting the head, headache follows or
-not, the health must suffer.
-
-_The_ momentary shock of the cold dip is succeeded by a delightful
-feeling of vital internal warmth—a delicious triumphant glow. It is
-highly unadvisable to be leisurely over this part of the bath, however
-one may dawdle in dressing: the coldness of the water would gain upon
-the warmth of the body, but without waiting for this, the bather at once
-quits the cold bath, and proceeds to make ample use of dry towels.
-
-[Illustration: A Water-gate of Bruges.]
-
-_Some_ bathers with tough cuticles affect the use of towels bearing to
-the touch a strong resemblance to rasps or wire brushes, and affirm that
-everyone ought to use the very roughest that can be procured: there are
-others, on the contrary, possessing an outer epidermis so delicately
-soft and velvet-like, that very rough towels would, if used, cause
-insufferable agony, and almost flay them alive; what would be thought a
-rough towel by one, producing after use a full glow, would have no
-effect upon another.
-
-_The_ use of the flesh-brush, after a thorough rub down with towels, is
-to be commended for producing a more vigorous reaction; there are many
-persons, however, whose skins are too delicate to allow of the
-application of the flesh-brush, but this is of little moment, as a
-moderately rough towel will with them produce as strong a reaction, or
-as great a glow, as the flesh-brush would with those possessing less
-sensitive skins.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-
-
-                           _AFTER THE BATH._
-
-
-A Bath-Room, if possible should certainly receive the benefit of the
-sun, and in warm and genial weather the enjoyment of the bath will be
-heightened if the window be opened wide at the top.
-
-_When_, however, the thermometer is in the neighbourhood of freezing
-point, the atmosphere of the bath-room is to many intolerably cold, and
-one may perhaps be sometimes tempted to raise the temperature of the
-cold water in the bath too high to produce the necessary shock with its
-pleasant and health-promoting reaction. It is better, by some means, in
-cold weather, to warm the bath-room and to keep the temperature of the
-cold water sufficiently low to produce the desired reaction. Drying and
-dressing may be comfortably gone through in front of a fire, the use of
-which for this purpose is a positive advantage, and will by no means, as
-might perhaps be imagined, tend to enervate or enfeeble, or in any way
-lessen the pleasure and benefits to be derived from the bath; a good
-fire on the contrary, will act as a help in laying in an agreeable and
-valuable supply of warmth, the advantage of which will be felt during
-the whole day.
-
-_Only_ a very weakly person should take the bath in the bed-room, as the
-air of the sleeping chamber must necessarily be more or less vitiated.
-Still, better there than not at all, and very likely, after a few
-trials, sufficient courage and energy will be found to enable the bather
-to get into fresher air.
-
-_The_ surface of the human body is protected by an oily film deposited
-by innumerable vessels, so that after a dip into water the skin is not
-thoroughly wetted, most of the water running from the body as from a
-duck’s back. After a _Soap-bath_, the bather will find himself
-thoroughly wet all over, the skin being apparently saturated as if it
-were blotting paper; both natural secretions and foreign matter will
-have yielded to the warm and cleansing bath of yellow soap and the
-after-application of cold water.
-
-_In_ conjunction with the _Soap-bath_, daily exercise after breakfast is
-not only desirable but necessary: half-an-hour’s ride, a brisk walk, or
-an open air game helps to circulate the blood and raise the spirits for
-the day. If the accumulated effects of three hundred and sixty-five
-morning walks could be seen and judged, perhaps business men would not
-be in quite so great a hurry, after bolting their breakfast, to rush
-into the omnibus or train. Half-an-hour apparently thus wasted is gained
-twice over during the day in better work more easily done.
-
-_A celebrated_ physician was once heard to say that he did not much care
-what atmosphere his patients lived in during the day so long as they
-breathed pure air at night; but whether one resides in town or country,
-it is impossible to breathe fresh air if the bed-room window be kept
-closed. Many people appear to be afraid of taking cold if they sleep
-with the bed-room window open: never was a greater mistake. The most
-delicately constituted maiden may, with ordinary precaution, and without
-the slightest fear of injury, sleep with the bed-room window open almost
-all the year round, and with the certainty of health and vigour being
-materially improved. Even this uncertain climate is seldom bad enough to
-compel complete closing up of the windows: the bed must of course not be
-placed in a direct draught: _i.e._ between the open window and the
-fireplace.
-
-
-
-
-                        _SPONGE & SHOWER BATHS._
-
-
-Many persons have to content themselves with a _Sponge-bath_, and
-although its invigorating effects are great, and cold water daily
-applied externally—no matter how—hardens the body, and keeps the system
-up to that high condition which makes the mere sense of living
-enjoyable, the application of cold water—sometimes nearly freezing—by
-fits and starts as it were, is not the most comfortable method of taking
-a bath, and the preference will generally be given to that which enables
-one to dip overhead at once.
-
-_However_, after a long continued course of the _Plunge_, the
-_Sponge-bath_ will sometimes be found a positive relief, and, like a
-change of food, will act as a whet to the appetite. In taking such a
-bath it is desirable that the sponge be of large size, and it should be
-placed in the bath, charged with water, ready for immediate use.
-
-_To_ obtain the fullest benefit in the most agreeable manner, the
-charged sponge, as the bather steps into the bath, should be lifted and
-carried quickly to the back of the head, which should be slightly
-inclined forward, so that the bulk of the water will run down the spine
-and back; the next spongeful should be almost instantaneously applied,
-leaning forward, to the top of the head, and the third, standing quite
-upright, to the chest; the arms and legs may then be separately treated:
-and if desire be felt for more, the application may be repeated to the
-back of the head and chest.
-
-_The_ species of cold bath following the hot is really of little moment,
-it is simply a matter of taste and convenience; and whether a plunge,
-shower, hip, sitz, or sponge-bath be used, the pleasurable and
-beneficial results will be very much the same.
-
-_There_ are bathers who prefer a _Shower-bath_, and, to those able to
-stand it, nothing can be more agreeable and refreshing, but it may be
-safely questioned whether a _Shower-bath_ taken on a cold wintry
-morning, with the water all but freezing, can possibly prove salutary
-even to the most robust.
-
-_Nearly_ freezing water from a shower-bath produces a feeling something
-akin to what might be imagined to result from a shower of red-hot lead;
-the shock is tremendous, and the shower, if continued for any length of
-time, would assuredly cause asphyxia. Professor Jamin shews conclusively
-that although ice is always at an uniform temperature of 32°, water may
-remain liquid at a very much lower temperature if guarded from external
-disturbance.
-
-_The_ nerves must be thoroughly braced up to take such a bath: the
-writer has a lively recollection of stepping into a shower-bath one
-intensely cold morning, when, the string being pulled, not a drop of
-water descended; the connections were all frozen, and the bath was
-empty; the shock resulting on that occasion from the absence of the
-water, though of a negative and totally different description, was
-really greater than would have been produced by the cold shower itself.
-
-_The Shower-bath_ should be taken warmer than the ordinary cold bath;
-the water may be advantageously placed in the bath on the previous
-evening, and, if necessary, a little warm water added in the morning.
-
-_If_ headache follow, or reaction be slow, accompanied by shivering, the
-shower must be discontinued, and a milder bath resorted to.
-
-
-
-
-                       _SEA-BATHING & SWIMMING._
-
-
-Sea-bathing—at least in these islands—is generally believed in and
-largely practised, and some persons, by means of salts sold for that
-purpose, produce a close imitation of sea-water for their daily tubbing.
-A _Salt-bath_ thus prepared, when its use conduces to the enjoyment and
-health of the bather, is by no means to be discouraged, and may
-advantageously follow the soap application in place of fresh water.
-
-_Most_ of us must have noticed how renovating to enfeebled constitutions
-is the effect of even a short course of sea-bathing, but it is equally
-patent that the good effects quickly wear off, the physique returning
-shortly to its perhaps normal condition of relaxation and lassitude. The
-daily use of the _Soap-bath_ keeps the constitution permanently braced
-up to that delightful condition experienced by so few, that makes mere
-existence an absolute pleasure. A preliminary course of _Sea-bathing_ is
-by no means necessary to bring about this pleasant condition of things.
-
-_Salt-water_ is more energetic in its action on the skin than fresh,
-and, after a dip in the sea, there is not the same liability to take
-cold from insufficient drying as after a fresh-water bath. Some bathers
-go so far as to habitually only half-dry themselves, the saline
-particles left on the skin further exciting its action, and producing a
-healthy and more vigorous glow. Children at the sea-side may safely be
-allowed, without the slightest fear of taking cold, to dabble and patter
-about in the little pools left by the receding tide: their constitutions
-will be positively invigorated and improved.
-
-_A love_ of cold-water bathing can perhaps be carried to excess, as in
-the case of those self-devoted Spartan swimmers, who, every morning,
-even in winter, assemble on the banks of the Serpentine, and audaciously
-defying their own instinct, plunge into the freezing water, even though
-they have first to break through the icy covering under which it is
-concealed by nature: the strongest constitution must suffer sooner or
-later from this treatment.
-
-[Illustration: Taking the Plunge.]
-
-_Boys_ and girls ought to be taught swimming at school as they are
-taught gymnastics and calisthenics—as a matter of course. We ought, as
-islanders, to be swimmers, and it is to be regretted that we are not:
-swimmers are of necessity bathers, but bathers are not always, as they
-should be, swimmers. The percentage of swimmers in this country is
-perhaps considerably less than might be expected by those who have not
-given any thought to the subject, and yet the art itself is a necessary
-one, easy to acquire, healthy, and sometimes of the greatest possible
-service.
-
-_When_ once learned the action of swimming comes as naturally as
-walking, and doubtless man in a state of nature, would, like a dog, swim
-at once if thrown into the water. Swimming is an art which seems to
-incorporate itself into the physique, and become part of one’s being—at
-any rate, it can never be forgotten, and a person finding himself
-unexpectedly in deep water, after a twenty years’ rest from swimming,
-will strike out as naturally and surely, and with little more effort,
-than if the practice had never been given up.
-
-_Rowing-men_ are usually swimmers, or they ought to be. To appreciate
-river life one must go to bed early and get up early; ten o’clock should
-be the latest hour at which to turn in, but after an extra hard day’s
-pull the sheets will be welcome by nine. To enjoy thorough fatigue one
-must do a hard day’s work in the open air. Up in the morning betimes,
-garments hastily donned, a sharp pull to the nearest bathing place,
-where one can dive in and have a few minutes delicious swim, and back to
-breakfast—and such a breakfast! Or possibly the way lies through the
-fields where the grass is knee-deep and saturated with refreshing dew:
-then off come shoes and socks, the trousers are well tucked-up, and one
-gets what a hydropath would possibly term a leg-bath—in reality a
-delicious, fragrant dew-bath, which, though more than cool, is mightily
-enjoyable and never seems to give cold.
-
-[Illustration: The dew-bath.]
-
-_Small-boned_ and fleshy persons naturally make the best swimmers, but
-it must not be supposed that thin people cannot learn to swim, and swim
-well. The writer well remembers seeing one morning at Brill’s swimming
-baths, Brighton, a young fellow who had just stepped from his
-dressing-box ready for a plunge. He was standing where the water is
-deepest, and judging by his appearance he literally could not have had
-an ounce of flesh to spare. It was absurd to suppose that so thin a man
-could swim, and his movements were curiously watched. After hesitating
-an instant, apparently measuring the size of the bath, he shot into the
-water head first as if propelled from a catapult, and shortly reappeared
-half-way across the bath, having swum the distance under water; he
-proved himself a thorough master of the element. It appeared that
-although passionately fond of the water he could only keep himself
-afloat by constant muscular exertion of both arms and legs; he was too
-thin to float naturally, and could not venture to swim out a greater
-distance than he felt sure of covering on his return.
-
-_Tuition_ in swimming has been for some time past, and is now, given
-gratuitously in town by the London Swimming Club, from the persevering
-and enthusiastic Honorary Secretary of which—Mr. J. Garrett Elliott, 14,
-Finsbury Square—particulars may be obtained.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-
-
-                                _NOTES._
-
-
-Bathing after hard exercise must be indulged in judiciously: a bath
-after a day’s shooting or cricketing, or an afternoon at lawn-tennis—to
-an enthusiast, who really plays, by far the hardest and most tiring form
-of amusement of the three—is pleasant and invigorating, and better
-understood than when it was an article of faith that to plunge into cold
-water, when heated, was almost equivalent to committing suicide.
-
-_Our_ grandmothers who adopted this view, were not like some of the
-present generation of girls educated at Girton and Zurich, or they might
-have called to mind Homer’s graphic description of the nocturnal
-expedition of Ulysses and Diomede to the Trojan camp, and their
-refreshing plunge into the sea when they returned reeking with heat and
-moisture from their successful raid; certainly none need fear to follow
-the example of such an old soldier as the cautious Ithacan.
-
-[Illustration: A Midsummer Night’s dip.]
-
-_A plunge_ into cold water when one is warm from exercise is intensely
-grateful, and may be indulged in with impunity even when much heated,
-provided the plunge be taken the moment the clothes are removed; the
-danger is in standing about on the brink, during which time the body
-rapidly cools, and cold may be taken.
-
-_Although_ perfectly safe to plunge into cold water, no matter how much
-the body may be heated, care must be taken to avoid it if there are
-feelings of lassitude and exhaustion; these are sure signs of over
-fatigue, and a cold bath under such circumstances is not only weakening,
-but might prove absolutely dangerous. A complete change of clothing must
-be ready, both for comfort, and to prevent any chance of taking cold
-through putting on clothes rendered damp by previous exercise.
-
-_The_ morning-bath forms a tolerably sure index as to the manner in
-which the previous evening has been spent. Morning exhaustion, and
-antipathy to cold water, may follow after an evening’s dancing with its
-attendant late hours, and nature will probably protest against too great
-a shock: it will be advisable to take the cold bath from five to ten
-degrees warmer than usual, or it may be deferred two or three hours.
-
-_The_ much vexed question as to the advisability of continuing the bath
-through a severe and prolonged, or even an ordinary winter, must be left
-open, as it is not only unadvisable but absolutely impossible to lay
-down fixed rules. Each bather must be guided entirely by his own state
-of health and sense of vitality.
-
-_Even_ among the well-to-do, the bath is by no means so universal or so
-well appreciated as might be desired, the daily thorough ablution being
-looked upon by too many as a necessarily unpleasant process to be
-shunned or superficially hurried through, with no enjoyment and little
-advantage: thorough ablution in the form of the _Soap-bath_ is an
-absolute luxury, and moreover is followed by an immediate increase of
-health, strength and mental vigour.
-
-_The_ primary object of taking a bath is cleanliness, and it is now
-better understood that the mere application of cold water to the skin
-does not cleanse, but merely closes the pores, the after vigorous use of
-towels doing so still further by rubbing in the impurities and natural
-secretions of the skin.
-
-_Cleanliness_ in connection with the bath should be strictly enforced:
-it should be cleaned and dried daily and occasionally scrubbed, and the
-washing glove well rinsed after use.
-
-_The_ delicately-soft skin of Egyptian women is said to be produced by
-the habitual use of the _loofah_, a fibrous flesh-glove woven by Dame
-Nature, the use of which is to be commended for finally cleansing the
-skin after the soap application with the ordinary washing glove. The
-_loofah_ not only readily removes every particle of soap, but acts as a
-mildly invigorating flesh-glove, increases the suppleness of the skin in
-a marked degree, and moreover possesses the happy faculty of completely
-rinsing itself the moment it is dipped into water. Some persons discard
-the washing glove altogether, and use a _loofah_ for applying the soap
-to the body: _loofahs_ are of different degrees of texture, and when
-thus used, a fine close quality should be selected.
-
-_The_ sponge after use should be dipped in clean water and pressed
-out—not wrung, which tends to tear it—as nearly dry as possible: if
-habitually left charged with water, or—as sometimes done with a vague
-idea of sweetening—put out wet in the sun to dry, it will not only rot
-quickly but probably smell offensively, and even become unpleasant to
-the touch. To restore its sweetness, the sponge should be placed for a
-day or so in a basin of water in which a large piece of washing soda has
-been dissolved: the water should be changed once or twice, or oftener if
-necessary, and the sponge well squeezed out each time.
-
-_A word_ about the soap:—the best, perhaps, is that known as “John
-Knight’s Primrose,” an ordinary yellow soap, sweet and sound, and
-apparently containing none of the foreign matter sometimes found in
-soaps of a commoner and cheaper description. Scented soap must be
-avoided, especially for using habitually and liberally over the whole
-body.
-
-_Decidedly_ unpleasant feelings, in some cases amounting to a positive
-loathing, occasionally follow the preliminary wetting of the feet on
-stepping into cold water: it may be taken for granted that such
-antipathy is by no means imaginary, but simply nature’s protest. The use
-is recommended, in conjunction with the _Sponge-bath_, of a broad stool
-(heavily weighted at the bottom, to prevent risk of upsetting) covered
-loosely with carpet, and high enough to reach above the level of the
-water when placed in the middle of the bath: the piece of carpet may be
-dried each day after use; or a _Sponge-bath_ may be readily constructed
-with a fixed raised centre of metal forming a portion of the bath, the
-bather standing as it were on an island: the feet may thus at first be
-kept dry, and the preliminary shock received on the head and shoulders;
-persons who in despair had almost given up the _Soap-bath_, are by this
-means enabled to enjoy it without discomfort.
-
-_The_ temperature of the warm water with the soap application may vary
-from 75 to 95, or even 100°; it ought to be hot enough for the bather to
-feel it thoroughly grateful and comforting. The cold may vary from 30 to
-70°, and it may be borne in mind that as great a shock will be produced
-with the higher temperature on an enfeebled or weakly constitution, as
-with the lower on a strong and robust: the bather must be guided by his
-own feelings. As a rough guide for those in moderate health, 90° for the
-warm and 60° for the cold may be taken as convenient.
-
-[Illustration: Cyprus—ware sharks.]
-
-_The_ necessity of getting quickly over the second or cold application
-must be strongly urged: in and out again must be the rule and not the
-exception. Any one may observe what takes place when the body is
-immersed in cold water: first comes the sharp, half-pleasing,
-half-painful sensation of cold, almost immediately followed by a
-consciousness of internal warmth, the duration of which will be in
-proportion to the power of the organization to keep up this
-counteraction. The cold water slowly but surely absorbs and extracts the
-vital heat; if the bath be unduly prolonged, chilliness, shivering,
-numbness, and exhaustion follow, and although the unpleasant symptoms
-will probably shortly disappear, the bather will have lost rather than
-gained in point of health.
-
-_No_ notion of “getting used to it,” or of cultivating hardiness and
-endurance, should induce one to venture near the stage commencing with
-chilliness; by so doing the stock of health is wasted instead of
-increased: the mere patient endurance of cold cannot possibly do good,
-although it may unquestionably do a great deal of harm.
-
-_Many_ persons suffer severely in winter from cold feet, with the
-attendant penalties of chilblains, colds, sore throat, and personal
-discomfort. It is well known to medical men that, when the feet are
-cold, the system is far more readily accessible to the attacks of
-disease, and to keep them warm, more especially during the early hours
-of the morning and after the bath, is, with some persons, almost an
-impossibility. Singers—both amateur and professional—suffer, certainly
-in this climate, more or less severely from affections—difficult to
-guard against—of the throat, induced in the majority of cases by cold,
-which first attacks the extremities. In lately consulting Dr. Llewelyn
-Thomas, he suggested as a future safeguard the wearing of shoes or
-slippers (made by Whiteley, of Westbourne Grove) of a description
-calculated not only to retain the natural heat of the body but to
-absolutely exclude cold and draughts. The material is a dark felt, lined
-with thick white fur; the shoes are open down the sides, but the
-openings are heavily covered with a dark fur, effectually excluding
-draughts. There are no laces or fastenings of any kind, and the shoes
-are slipped on or off in a moment.
-
-_It_ need not be imagined that because the daily application of cold
-water in the luxurious form of the _Soap-bath_ be strongly urged, it is
-desirable to inure the body in the manner advocated at the early part of
-this century, when bare-kneed little children—robust or weakly—were
-exposed insufficiently clothed to the inclemency of the weather under
-the mistaken idea of hardening them—hardening some, no doubt, but
-killing a great many more. The power to resist cold means the power to
-resist disease, and to be proof against intense cold, one must not only
-be well fed, and warmly clad, but thoroughly warm before exposure to the
-cold atmosphere out of doors. Protected by sufficient clothing, the body
-acts as a sort of store-house of heat, and a sufficiently large stock of
-warmth absorbed in the morning will last all day, and fresh supplies
-will be drawn from the heat-producing food consumed. A shivering child
-sent out of doors for violent exercise may certainly get warm, but it
-does so at the expense of its own vital energy.
-
-_The_ essential that must not only be looked for, but positively and
-rapidly attained, is the reaction from the shock produced by the cold
-water: the heart is actively excited, and the blood propelled with
-unusual force through the system; the temperature of the body rapidly
-rises, and a general glow supervenes, accompanied with mixed feelings of
-increased vitality, buoyancy and exhilaration, difficult to describe.
-With the non-robust the stay in the cold water can hardly be made too
-short: the principal shock is produced from the _first_ application, and
-the endeavour ought rather to be to get out as quickly as possible, than
-to stay in under the mistaken notion of deriving increased benefit.
-
-_Should_ the stay be even a trifle too prolonged, the reaction will be
-proportionately slow, and by no means so pleasant; or proper reaction
-may be made almost impossible, with the result of coldness, shivering,
-violent headache, slow pulse and probable sickness. It must, however,
-never be lost sight of that these unpleasantnesses are absolutely under
-the control of the bather, and never arise except with the very ignorant
-or very foolish: speedy reaction _must_ be attained and can invariably
-be secured, even by the most feeble, provided the unpardonable and
-suicidal sin of too long a stay in the cold water be avoided.
-
-_Should_ the reaction after a _Sponge-bath_ be very slow, it may be
-hastened by the previous addition to the water of a small wine-glassful
-of eau-de-cologne, spirits of wine, or spirits of any description,
-whiskey being perhaps best.
-
-_The Soap-bath_ may be commenced at any period of the year, and if
-children are induced to take it as a treat, rather than from any other
-point of view, they will soon become as partial to its use as their
-elders.
-
-_In_ slight colds the bath may be continued, but in the rare case of an
-extremely violent one, or affection of the throat, the bather, however
-much against his will, must perforce give it up for a time.
-
-[Illustration: Taking the waters.]
-
-_Those_ who habituate themselves to the indulgence of the _Soap-bath_
-become, as it were, case-hardened, and can seldom be persuaded to forego
-their daily pleasure, much less to abandon the habit: by its use the
-body arrives and remains at its highest state of physical vigour; the
-power of resisting sudden changes of temperature is greatly increased,
-and liability to colds correspondingly lessened, while there is an
-almost absolute freedom from danger of infection and epidemic attacks.
-The _Soap-bath_ is a source of immense and constant physical
-gratification; food is keenly enjoyed, the muscles get hard and firm,
-and the skin soft as satin, while vigorous health and feelings of mental
-and animal enjoyment are produced attainable perhaps by no other means.
-Existence becomes what it was intended, and what it certainly ought to
-be—a positive pleasure: the numerous unpleasantnesses and dyspeptic
-ailments incidental to a low state of bodily health glide into the past,
-and their very recollection almost disappears.
-
-[Illustration]
-
-
-
-
-                               _ADDENDA._
-
-
-Since going to press the author’s attention has been drawn—not
-over-courteously perhaps—by certain manufacturers to the sweeping
-denunciation in this Sketch of the habitual use of scented soaps; but
-after a careful examination and trial of various kinds, one alone—known
-as Pears’ transparent soap—may in his opinion be safely indicated as a
-pure detergent in every way suitable for _Luxurious Bathing_.
-
-
-
-
-                             _Field & Tuer,
-                        Y^e Leadenhalle Presse,
-                             London, E.C._
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-  “Hundreds of clever young men, who are now living at home and doing
- nothing, might be earning very tolerable incomes by their pens if they
-               only knew how.”—_The Nineteenth Century._
-
-
-
-
-                       _Journals and Journalism_:
-
-                  With a Guide for Literary Beginners,
-
-
-                                   BY
-
-                            JOHN OLDCASTLE.
-
-
-                              _Contents_:
-
-                     Literary Amateurs.
-                     Introductions to Editors.
-                     Returned with thanks.
-                     How to begin.
-                     Pounds, Shillings and Pence.
-                     The Literary Career:
-                         I. The Fair Side.
-                        II. The Seamy Side.
-                     In an Editor’s Chair.
-                     A Miscellaneous Chapter.
-                     Literary Copyright.
-                     Ten Journalistic Commandments.
-                     How to Correct Proofs.
-
- “This volume,” says the _Athenæum_, “will be studded with the autographs
-        of _literati_, and is written by a practical journalist.”
-
-                   PRICE THREE SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE.
-
-
-                                 LONDON:
-
-    Field & Tuer, y^e Leadenhalle Presse, 50, Leadenhalle Street, E.C.
-
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-
-
-
-                          TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES
-
-
- 1. Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling.
- 2. Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed.
- 3. Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.
- 4. Superscripts are denoted by a caret before a single superscript
-      character, e.g. M^r.
-
-
-
-
-
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-<pre>
-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Luxurious Bathing, by Andrew W. Tuer
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
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-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Luxurious Bathing
-
-Author: Andrew W. Tuer
-
-Illustrator: Tristram Ellis
-
-Release Date: June 30, 2020 [EBook #62531]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK LUXURIOUS BATHING ***
-
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-Produced by Richard Tonsing, Chris Curnow, and the Online
-Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This
-file was produced from images generously made available
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-
-
-<div class='tnotes covernote'>
-
-<p class='c000'><b>Transcriber’s Note:</b></p>
-
-<p class='c000'>The cover image was created by the transcriber and is placed in the public domain.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='titlepage'>
-
-<div>
-  <h1 class='c001'><em><span class='sc'><span class='color_red'>L</span>uxurious <span class='color_red'>B</span>athing</span></em>:</h1>
-</div>
-<table class='table0' summary=''>
-<colgroup>
-<col width='33%' />
-<col width='33%' />
-<col width='33%' />
-</colgroup>
-  <tr>
-    <td class='c002'>(<em>Fourth Edition</em>)<br /><span class='xlarge'>A SKETCH</span><br /><span class='xsmall'>BY</span><br /><span class='xlarge'>ANDREW W. TUER:</span><br /><hr class='red' /><br />1880.</td>
-    <td class='c002'><img src='images/i_a_001.jpg' alt='' width='99%' /><br /><span class='script'>Shadows in the pond.</span></td>
-    <td class='c003'>EIGHT<br /><span class='xlarge'>ETCHINGS</span><br /><span class='xsmall'>BY</span><br /><span class='xlarge'>TRISTRAM ELLIS.</span><br /><hr class='red' /><br />5⁄−</td>
-  </tr>
-</table>
-<table class='table1' summary=''>
-<colgroup>
-<col width='50%' />
-<col width='50%' />
-</colgroup>
-  <tr>
-    <td class='c004'><span class='small'>London:</span><br /> <em>Field &amp; Tuer, Y<sup>e</sup> Leadenhalle Presse, E.C.</em></td>
- <td class='blt c004'><span class='small'>New York:</span><br /> <em>Scribner &amp; Welford, 743 &amp; 745, Broadway.</em></td>
-  </tr>
-</table>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='section ph2'>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c005'>
-    <div><em><span class='sc'>Luxurious Bathing.</span></em></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c006'>
-    <div>(<em>The First Edition was published in folio form with Etchings by Mr. Sutton Sharpe, at Three Guineas:</em></div>
-    <div><em>Proofs Seven Guineas.</em>)</div>
-    <div class='c006'>“Remarque” Proofs (signed) six only printed, Three Guineas.</div>
-    <div class='c007'>Proofs before Letters, Japanese paper (signed) 20 copies only printed, One Guinea.</div>
-    <div class='c007'>Proofs, white hand-made paper, 100 copies only printed, Half-a-Guinea.</div>
-    <div class='c006'><span class='sc'>Note.</span>—The copper-plates having been steel-faced suffer little or no deterioration in printing.</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c007' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_1'>1</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>ITS PRACTICE.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_001.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-Treatises and disquisitions sufficient to
-form a library of no inconsiderable dimensions
-have been written during the last
-three centuries on the subject of baths:
-boiling, freezing, variously medicated—including
-tar-water, steam, and spray; milk,
-whey, broth, mud, sand, and even earth-baths—in which the
-patient for hours together was buried up to his neck in a
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_2'>2</span>fallow field—have all had their exponents and upholders;
-then there is the vapour-bath of the Russian, the dry, hot air
-or Turkish-bath, besides the cold air-bath recommended by
-Franklin, and those who like it may follow the example of
-the elder Pliny who used to indulge in a bath of sunshine.
-Now-a-days it is a common practice, on the shores of the
-Mediterranean, for many of the inhabitants, during the hot
-months, to pass a considerable portion of their time sitting
-on chairs placed a few feet from the shore, the calm water,
-without even the <em>nuance</em> of a ripple, reaching to the neck,
-while the head is protected from the scorching sun by an
-immense grass hat.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_3'>3</span><em>The</em> inference may be too hastily drawn that what is
-advocated in this Sketch is unnecessary, being simply what
-everyone now-a-days practises in one form or another—cleanliness;
-on consideration, however, this will be found
-to be hardly the fact. We are a cleanly nation, or at any
-rate more cleanly than we were, but bathing with hot or
-cold water as ordinarily practised is not so enjoyable and
-luxurious as it might be, and moreover, to the weakly, is
-often harmful in its action.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Perhaps</em> the very acme of luxurious bathing is reached
-in the <em>Soap-bath</em>, an application of hot water and soap to
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_4'>4</span>the whole body, followed immediately by a cold plunge,
-or a sponge-bath. A bath is at once a necessity and a
-luxury, and in order to obtain the greatest number of
-benefits, including increased health, appetite, vigour, and
-good spirits, the <em>Soap-bath</em> is the most effectual, and moreover
-the pleasantest and least trying to the weakly or over
-sensitive constitution.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>It</em> is a simple and invigorating luxury as compared
-with the self-inflicted half-painful ordeal the cold bath is to
-many, which latter is too often taken, not for its own sake,
-but for the good supposed to follow its use. After a
-<em>Soap-bath</em>, however, one is ready for the duties or pleasures
-of the day: duty in fact becomes a pleasure, and pleasure
-itself is intensified.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_004fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>A hot Afternoon.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_5'>5</span><em>The Soap-bath</em> obtains a rapidly increasing number of
-adherents, and when once the habit of taking it is formed,
-it will not readily be abandoned, as it forms one of the
-pleasures, if not <em>the</em> pleasure of the day, and moreover, can
-be indulged in all the year round.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> fair sex will find the <em>Soap-bath</em> vastly superior to
-any cosmetic: it renders the skin as soft as an infant’s, and,
-with increased health, the complexion will appear more
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_6'>6</span>delicate and clear, tinged with a healthy colour beyond the
-power of art to produce.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>It</em> appears from the evidence obtained by modern
-scientific research, that hot water destroys the germinating
-power of malignant contagious diseases, and that soap
-chemically poisons it. These germs or spores are carried
-about by every wind that blows: and when it is borne in
-mind that, roughly speaking, a million of such germs will
-lie on a threepenny-piece; the value, as a preventive of
-contagion, of a thorough daily ablution with soap, may be
-estimated.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_7'>7</span><em>The</em> Romans, according to Pliny, raised the temperature
-of their air baths to almost boiling point, and they
-were apparently well acquainted with the grateful and
-invigorating after-application of cold water.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>It</em> is no slight recommendation of the <em>Soap-bath</em>, that
-while being an absolute luxury both for the feeble and
-robust, it cannot be resorted to as a mere indolent indulgence:
-the lungs and muscles are called into full action, a
-moderate though pleasant shock is encountered, and the
-bather has the satisfaction of knowing that all the pleasure
-and advantages gained are actually earned.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_8'>8</span><em>The</em> application of the <em>Soap-bath</em> is very simple: the
-bather is armed with a large lump of good ordinary yellow
-soap, and a loose washing glove (the white and very soft
-“Turkish” is the pleasantest, or if a hard glove be preferred,
-the “Baden” may be used) big enough to come over the
-wrist, and standing <i><span lang="fr" xml:lang="fr">découvert</span></i> in front of the washing basin
-containing <em>hot</em> water, quickly and vigorously covers the body
-from head to foot with a thick and abundant lather. By
-using hot water, chills are avoided, and the body is kept
-sufficiently warm to avoid the unpleasantness, and often harm,
-following repeated applications of mere handfuls of cold
-liquid.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_9'>9</span><em>The</em> soap application may take about three or four
-minutes at most; the very robust may use tepid water, but
-most persons will find warm or hot more agreeable; and
-more delicate persons whose finger-tips have the unpleasant
-habit of turning numb and white upon the application of
-cold water, will find in the <em>Soap-bath</em> an agreeable means of
-bathing otherwise perhaps unattainable.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Cold</em> bathing promotes vigour in the young and
-healthy, and the <em>Soap-bath</em> has the same effect in an
-intensified degree, with the further inestimable advantage—except
-where there are positive indications of
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_10'>10</span>lung or heart disease—of being alike suitable to the
-robust and weakly.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>With</em> the body thoroughly warm comes the plunge
-into cold water, which must be got over quickly—once,
-twice, or thrice, overhead—but a couple of rapid dips are
-sufficient to remove every particle of soap.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>A Plunge-bath</em> sunk below the surface of the bath-room,
-lined with white glazed tiles, and nearly full of clear
-water, into which one can take a header, and clamber out
-by the aid of a rope and gently sloping ladder, is perhaps
-the best and most luxurious form; it is to be regretted that
-there are few such baths in modern houses.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_11'>11</span><em>There</em> are persons who habitually bathe in tepid water,
-and remain splashing about for a considerable time, but
-much greater benefit is to be derived, and the body
-becomes infinitely more refreshed and invigorated by a
-shorter immersion in water of a lower temperature.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> head must remain uncovered and receive the full
-benefit of the cold water. This may be a serious consideration
-for ladies, but there is no choice: the penalty for
-keeping the head dry will usually be a violent headache
-with the probable complaint that “baths don’t suit me,”
-but whether, in the absence of wetting the head, headache
-follows or not, the health must suffer.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_12'>12</span><em>The</em> momentary shock of the cold dip is succeeded by
-a delightful feeling of vital internal warmth—a delicious
-triumphant glow. It is highly unadvisable to be leisurely
-over this part of the bath, however one may dawdle in
-dressing: the coldness of the water would gain upon the
-warmth of the body, but without waiting for this, the
-bather at once quits the cold bath, and proceeds to make
-ample use of dry towels.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_012fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>A Water-gate of Bruges.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_13'>13</span><em>Some</em> bathers with tough cuticles affect the use of
-towels bearing to the touch a strong resemblance to rasps
-or wire brushes, and affirm that everyone ought to use the
-very roughest that can be procured: there are others, on
-the contrary, possessing an outer epidermis so delicately soft
-and velvet-like, that very rough towels would, if used,
-cause insufferable agony, and almost flay them alive; what
-would be thought a rough towel by one, producing after
-use a full glow, would have no effect upon another.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> use of the flesh-brush, after a thorough rub down
-with towels, is to be commended for producing a more
-vigorous reaction; there are many persons, however, whose
-skins are too delicate to allow of the application of the
-flesh-brush, but this is of little moment, as a moderately
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_14'>14</span>rough towel will with them produce as strong a reaction,
-or as great a glow, as the flesh-brush would with those
-possessing less sensitive skins.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_b_014.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_15'>15</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>AFTER THE BATH.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_015.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-A Bath-Room, if possible should certainly
-receive the benefit of the sun, and
-in warm and genial weather the enjoyment
-of the bath will be heightened if
-the window be opened wide at the top.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>When</em>, however, the thermometer is
-in the neighbourhood of freezing point, the atmosphere of
-the bath-room is to many intolerably cold, and one may
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_16'>16</span>perhaps be sometimes tempted to raise the temperature of
-the cold water in the bath too high to produce the
-necessary shock with its pleasant and health-promoting
-reaction. It is better, by some means, in cold weather, to
-warm the bath-room and to keep the temperature of the
-cold water sufficiently low to produce the desired reaction.
-Drying and dressing may be comfortably gone through in
-front of a fire, the use of which for this purpose is a
-positive advantage, and will by no means, as might perhaps
-be imagined, tend to enervate or enfeeble, or in any way
-lessen the pleasure and benefits to be derived from the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_17'>17</span>bath; a good fire on the contrary, will act as a help in
-laying in an agreeable and valuable supply of warmth, the
-advantage of which will be felt during the whole day.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Only</em> a very weakly person should take the bath in
-the bed-room, as the air of the sleeping chamber must
-necessarily be more or less vitiated. Still, better there
-than not at all, and very likely, after a few trials, sufficient
-courage and energy will be found to enable the bather to
-get into fresher air.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> surface of the human body is protected by an oily
-film deposited by innumerable vessels, so that after a dip
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_18'>18</span>into water the skin is not thoroughly wetted, most of the
-water running from the body as from a duck’s back. After
-a <em>Soap-bath</em>, the bather will find himself thoroughly wet all
-over, the skin being apparently saturated as if it were
-blotting paper; both natural secretions and foreign matter
-will have yielded to the warm and cleansing bath of yellow
-soap and the after-application of cold water.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>In</em> conjunction with the <em>Soap-bath</em>, daily exercise after
-breakfast is not only desirable but necessary: half-an-hour’s
-ride, a brisk walk, or an open air game helps to circulate
-the blood and raise the spirits for the day. If the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_19'>19</span>accumulated effects of three hundred and sixty-five
-morning walks could be seen and judged, perhaps business
-men would not be in quite so great a hurry, after bolting
-their breakfast, to rush into the omnibus or train. Half-an-hour
-apparently thus wasted is gained twice over during
-the day in better work more easily done.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>A celebrated</em> physician was once heard to say that he
-did not much care what atmosphere his patients lived in
-during the day so long as they breathed pure air at night;
-but whether one resides in town or country, it is impossible
-to breathe fresh air if the bed-room window be kept closed.
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_20'>20</span>Many people appear to be afraid of taking cold if they
-sleep with the bed-room window open: never was a
-greater mistake. The most delicately constituted maiden
-may, with ordinary precaution, and without the slightest
-fear of injury, sleep with the bed-room window open almost
-all the year round, and with the certainty of health and
-vigour being materially improved. Even this uncertain
-climate is seldom bad enough to compel complete closing
-up of the windows: the bed must of course not be placed
-in a direct draught: <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">i.e.</span></i> between the open window and the
-fireplace.</p>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_21'>21</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>SPONGE &amp; SHOWER BATHS.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_021.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-Many persons have to content themselves
-with a <em>Sponge-bath</em>, and although its invigorating
-effects are great, and cold
-water daily applied externally—no matter
-how—hardens the body, and keeps the
-system up to that high condition which
-makes the mere sense of living enjoyable, the application
-of cold water—sometimes nearly freezing—by fits and
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_22'>22</span>starts as it were, is not the most comfortable method of
-taking a bath, and the preference will generally be given
-to that which enables one to dip overhead at once.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>However</em>, after a long continued course of the <em>Plunge</em>,
-the <em>Sponge-bath</em> will sometimes be found a positive relief,
-and, like a change of food, will act as a whet to the
-appetite. In taking such a bath it is desirable that the
-sponge be of large size, and it should be placed in the bath,
-charged with water, ready for immediate use.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>To</em> obtain the fullest benefit in the most agreeable
-manner, the charged sponge, as the bather steps into the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_23'>23</span>bath, should be lifted and carried quickly to the back of
-the head, which should be slightly inclined forward, so that
-the bulk of the water will run down the spine and back;
-the next spongeful should be almost instantaneously
-applied, leaning forward, to the top of the head, and the
-third, standing quite upright, to the chest; the arms and
-legs may then be separately treated: and if desire be felt
-for more, the application may be repeated to the back of
-the head and chest.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> species of cold bath following the hot is really of
-little moment, it is simply a matter of taste and convenience;
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_24'>24</span>and whether a plunge, shower, hip, sitz, or sponge-bath be
-used, the pleasurable and beneficial results will be very
-much the same.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>There</em> are bathers who prefer a <em>Shower-bath</em>, and, to
-those able to stand it, nothing can be more agreeable and
-refreshing, but it may be safely questioned whether a
-<em>Shower-bath</em> taken on a cold wintry morning, with the
-water all but freezing, can possibly prove salutary even to
-the most robust.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Nearly</em> freezing water from a shower-bath produces
-a feeling something akin to what might be imagined to
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_25'>25</span>result from a shower of red-hot lead; the shock is tremendous,
-and the shower, if continued for any length of time,
-would assuredly cause asphyxia. Professor Jamin shews
-conclusively that although ice is always at an uniform temperature
-of 32°, water may remain liquid at a very much
-lower temperature if guarded from external disturbance.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> nerves must be thoroughly braced up to take such
-a bath: the writer has a lively recollection of stepping
-into a shower-bath one intensely cold morning, when, the
-string being pulled, not a drop of water descended; the
-connections were all frozen, and the bath was empty; the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_26'>26</span>shock resulting on that occasion from the absence of the
-water, though of a negative and totally different description,
-was really greater than would have been produced by
-the cold shower itself.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The Shower-bath</em> should be taken warmer than the
-ordinary cold bath; the water may be advantageously
-placed in the bath on the previous evening, and, if
-necessary, a little warm water added in the morning.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>If</em> headache follow, or reaction be slow, accompanied
-by shivering, the shower must be discontinued, and a milder
-bath resorted to.</p>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_27'>27</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>SEA-BATHING &amp; SWIMMING.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_027.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-Sea-bathing—at least in these islands—is
-generally believed in and largely
-practised, and some persons, by means
-of salts sold for that purpose, produce
-a close imitation of sea-water for
-their daily tubbing. A <em>Salt-bath</em> thus
-prepared, when its use conduces to the enjoyment and
-health of the bather, is by no means to be discouraged,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_28'>28</span>and may advantageously follow the soap application in
-place of fresh water.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Most</em> of us must have noticed how renovating to
-enfeebled constitutions is the effect of even a short course
-of sea-bathing, but it is equally patent that the good effects
-quickly wear off, the physique returning shortly to its
-perhaps normal condition of relaxation and lassitude.
-The daily use of the <em>Soap-bath</em> keeps the constitution
-permanently braced up to that delightful condition experienced
-by so few, that makes mere existence an
-absolute pleasure. A preliminary course of <em>Sea-bathing</em>
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_29'>29</span>is by no means necessary to bring about this pleasant
-condition of things.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Salt-water</em> is more energetic in its action on the skin
-than fresh, and, after a dip in the sea, there is not the
-same liability to take cold from insufficient drying as after
-a fresh-water bath. Some bathers go so far as to habitually
-only half-dry themselves, the saline particles left on the
-skin further exciting its action, and producing a healthy
-and more vigorous glow. Children at the sea-side may
-safely be allowed, without the slightest fear of taking cold,
-to dabble and patter about in the little pools left by the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_30'>30</span>receding tide: their constitutions will be positively invigorated
-and improved.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>A love</em> of cold-water bathing can perhaps be carried
-to excess, as in the case of those self-devoted Spartan
-swimmers, who, every morning, even in winter, assemble
-on the banks of the Serpentine, and audaciously defying
-their own instinct, plunge into the freezing water, even
-though they have first to break through the icy covering
-under which it is concealed by nature: the strongest constitution
-must suffer sooner or later from this treatment.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_030fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>Taking the Plunge.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_31'>31</span><em>Boys</em> and girls ought to be taught swimming at school
-as they are taught gymnastics and calisthenics—as a matter
-of course. We ought, as islanders, to be swimmers, and
-it is to be regretted that we are not: swimmers are of
-necessity bathers, but bathers are not always, as they
-should be, swimmers. The percentage of swimmers in
-this country is perhaps considerably less than might be
-expected by those who have not given any thought to
-the subject, and yet the art itself is a necessary one, easy
-to acquire, healthy, and sometimes of the greatest possible
-service.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>When</em> once learned the action of swimming comes as
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_32'>32</span>naturally as walking, and doubtless man in a state of nature,
-would, like a dog, swim at once if thrown into the water.
-Swimming is an art which seems to incorporate itself into
-the physique, and become part of one’s being—at any rate,
-it can never be forgotten, and a person finding himself
-unexpectedly in deep water, after a twenty years’ rest
-from swimming, will strike out as naturally and surely,
-and with little more effort, than if the practice had never
-been given up.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Rowing-men</em> are usually swimmers, or they ought to
-be. To appreciate river life one must go to bed early and
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_33'>33</span>get up early; ten o’clock should be the latest hour at
-which to turn in, but after an extra hard day’s pull the
-sheets will be welcome by nine. To enjoy thorough fatigue
-one must do a hard day’s work in the open air. Up in the
-morning betimes, garments hastily donned, a sharp pull to
-the nearest bathing place, where one can dive in and have
-a few minutes delicious swim, and back to breakfast—and
-such a breakfast! Or possibly the way lies through the
-fields where the grass is knee-deep and saturated with refreshing
-dew: then off come shoes and socks, the trousers
-are well tucked-up, and one gets what a hydropath would
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_34'>34</span>possibly term a leg-bath—in reality a delicious, fragrant
-dew-bath, which, though more than cool, is mightily
-enjoyable and never seems to give cold.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_034fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>The dew-bath.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_35'>35</span><em>Small-boned</em> and fleshy persons naturally make the best
-swimmers, but it must not be supposed that thin people
-cannot learn to swim, and swim well. The writer well
-remembers seeing one morning at Brill’s swimming baths,
-Brighton, a young fellow who had just stepped from his
-dressing-box ready for a plunge. He was standing where
-the water is deepest, and judging by his appearance he
-literally could not have had an ounce of flesh to spare. It
-was absurd to suppose that so thin a man could swim, and
-his movements were curiously watched. After hesitating an
-instant, apparently measuring the size of the bath, he shot
-into the water head first as if propelled from a catapult,
-and shortly reappeared half-way across the bath, having
-swum the distance under water; he proved himself a
-thorough master of the element. It appeared that although
-passionately fond of the water he could only keep himself
-afloat by constant muscular exertion of both arms and
-legs; he was too thin to float naturally, and could not
-venture to swim out a greater distance than he felt sure of
-covering on his return.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_36'>36</span><em>Tuition</em> in swimming has been for some time past, and
-is now, given gratuitously in town by the London
-Swimming Club, from the persevering and enthusiastic
-Honorary Secretary of which—Mr. J. Garrett Elliott, 14,
-Finsbury Square—particulars may be obtained.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_b_036.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_37'>37</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>NOTES.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_037.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-Bathing after hard exercise must be
-indulged in judiciously: a bath after a
-day’s shooting or cricketing, or an afternoon
-at lawn-tennis—to an enthusiast,
-who really plays, by far the hardest and
-most tiring form of amusement of the
-three—is pleasant and invigorating, and better understood
-than when it was an article of faith that to plunge into
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_38'>38</span>cold water, when heated, was almost equivalent to committing
-suicide.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Our</em> grandmothers who adopted this view, were not
-like some of the present generation of girls educated at
-Girton and Zurich, or they might have called to mind
-Homer’s graphic description of the nocturnal expedition of
-Ulysses and Diomede to the Trojan camp, and their
-refreshing plunge into the sea when they returned reeking
-with heat and moisture from their successful raid; certainly
-none need fear to follow the example of such an old
-soldier as the cautious Ithacan.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_038fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>A Midsummer Night’s dip.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_39'>39</span><em>A plunge</em> into cold water when one is warm from
-exercise is intensely grateful, and may be indulged in with
-impunity even when much heated, provided the plunge
-be taken the moment the clothes are removed; the danger
-is in standing about on the brink, during which time the
-body rapidly cools, and cold may be taken.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Although</em> perfectly safe to plunge into cold water, no
-matter how much the body may be heated, care must be
-taken to avoid it if there are feelings of lassitude and
-exhaustion; these are sure signs of over fatigue, and a cold
-bath under such circumstances is not only weakening, but
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_40'>40</span>might prove absolutely dangerous. A complete change of
-clothing must be ready, both for comfort, and to prevent
-any chance of taking cold through putting on clothes
-rendered damp by previous exercise.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> morning-bath forms a tolerably sure index as to
-the manner in which the previous evening has been spent.
-Morning exhaustion, and antipathy to cold water, may
-follow after an evening’s dancing with its attendant late
-hours, and nature will probably protest against too great a
-shock: it will be advisable to take the cold bath from five
-to ten degrees warmer than usual, or it may be deferred
-two or three hours.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_41'>41</span><em>The</em> much vexed question as to the advisability of
-continuing the bath through a severe and prolonged, or
-even an ordinary winter, must be left open, as it is not only
-unadvisable but absolutely impossible to lay down fixed
-rules. Each bather must be guided entirely by his own state
-of health and sense of vitality.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Even</em> among the well-to-do, the bath is by no means
-so universal or so well appreciated as might be desired, the
-daily thorough ablution being looked upon by too many as
-a necessarily unpleasant process to be shunned or superficially
-hurried through, with no enjoyment and little
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_42'>42</span>advantage: thorough ablution in the form of the <em>Soap-bath</em>
-is an absolute luxury, and moreover is followed by an
-immediate increase of health, strength and mental vigour.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> primary object of taking a bath is cleanliness, and
-it is now better understood that the mere application of
-cold water to the skin does not cleanse, but merely closes
-the pores, the after vigorous use of towels doing so still
-further by rubbing in the impurities and natural secretions
-of the skin.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Cleanliness</em> in connection with the bath should be
-strictly enforced: it should be cleaned and dried daily and
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_43'>43</span>occasionally scrubbed, and the washing glove well rinsed
-after use.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> delicately-soft skin of Egyptian women is said to
-be produced by the habitual use of the <em>loofah</em>, a fibrous
-flesh-glove woven by Dame Nature, the use of which is to
-be commended for finally cleansing the skin after the soap
-application with the ordinary washing glove. The <em>loofah</em>
-not only readily removes every particle of soap, but acts as
-a mildly invigorating flesh-glove, increases the suppleness of
-the skin in a marked degree, and moreover possesses the
-happy faculty of completely rinsing itself the moment it is
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_44'>44</span>dipped into water. Some persons discard the washing
-glove altogether, and use a <em>loofah</em> for applying the soap to
-the body: <em>loofahs</em> are of different degrees of texture, and
-when thus used, a fine close quality should be selected.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> sponge after use should be dipped in clean water
-and pressed out—not wrung, which tends to tear it—as
-nearly dry as possible: if habitually left charged with water,
-or—as sometimes done with a vague idea of sweetening—put
-out wet in the sun to dry, it will not only rot quickly
-but probably smell offensively, and even become unpleasant
-to the touch. To restore its sweetness, the sponge should
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_45'>45</span>be placed for a day or so in a basin of water in which a
-large piece of washing soda has been dissolved: the water
-should be changed once or twice, or oftener if necessary,
-and the sponge well squeezed out each time.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>A word</em> about the soap:—the best, perhaps, is that
-known as “John Knight’s Primrose,” an ordinary yellow
-soap, sweet and sound, and apparently containing none of
-the foreign matter sometimes found in soaps of a commoner
-and cheaper description. Scented soap must be avoided,
-especially for using habitually and liberally over the whole
-body.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_46'>46</span><em>Decidedly</em> unpleasant feelings, in some cases amounting
-to a positive loathing, occasionally follow the preliminary
-wetting of the feet on stepping into cold water: it may be
-taken for granted that such antipathy is by no means
-imaginary, but simply nature’s protest. The use is recommended,
-in conjunction with the <em>Sponge-bath</em>, of a broad
-stool (heavily weighted at the bottom, to prevent risk of
-upsetting) covered loosely with carpet, and high enough to
-reach above the level of the water when placed in the
-middle of the bath: the piece of carpet may be dried each
-day after use; or a <em>Sponge-bath</em> may be readily constructed
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_47'>47</span>with a fixed raised centre of metal forming a portion of the
-bath, the bather standing as it were on an island: the feet
-may thus at first be kept dry, and the preliminary shock
-received on the head and shoulders; persons who in despair
-had almost given up the <em>Soap-bath</em>, are by this means
-enabled to enjoy it without discomfort.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> temperature of the warm water with the soap
-application may vary from 75 to 95, or even 100°; it
-ought to be hot enough for the bather to feel it thoroughly
-grateful and comforting. The cold may vary from 30 to
-70°, and it may be borne in mind that as great a shock will
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_48'>48</span>be produced with the higher temperature on an enfeebled
-or weakly constitution, as with the lower on a strong and
-robust: the bather must be guided by his own feelings.
-As a rough guide for those in moderate health, 90° for the
-warm and 60° for the cold may be taken as convenient.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_048fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>Cyprus—ware sharks.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_49'>49</span><em>The</em> necessity of getting quickly over the second or
-cold application must be strongly urged: in and out again
-must be the rule and not the exception. Any one may
-observe what takes place when the body is immersed in cold
-water: first comes the sharp, half-pleasing, half-painful sensation
-of cold, almost immediately followed by a consciousness
-of internal warmth, the duration of which will be in proportion
-to the power of the organization to keep up this
-counteraction. The cold water slowly but surely absorbs
-and extracts the vital heat; if the bath be unduly prolonged,
-chilliness, shivering, numbness, and exhaustion
-follow, and although the unpleasant symptoms will probably
-shortly disappear, the bather will have lost rather than
-gained in point of health.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>No</em> notion of “getting used to it,” or of cultivating
-hardiness and endurance, should induce one to venture near
-the stage commencing with chilliness; by so doing the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_50'>50</span>stock of health is wasted instead of increased: the mere
-patient endurance of cold cannot possibly do good, although
-it may unquestionably do a great deal of harm.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Many</em> persons suffer severely in winter from cold feet,
-with the attendant penalties of chilblains, colds, sore throat,
-and personal discomfort. It is well known to medical men
-that, when the feet are cold, the system is far more readily
-accessible to the attacks of disease, and to keep them warm,
-more especially during the early hours of the morning
-and after the bath, is, with some persons, almost an
-impossibility. Singers—both amateur and professional—suffer,
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_51'>51</span>certainly in this climate, more or less severely from
-affections—difficult to guard against—of the throat, induced
-in the majority of cases by cold, which first attacks the
-extremities. In lately consulting Dr. Llewelyn Thomas,
-he suggested as a future safeguard the wearing of shoes or
-slippers (made by Whiteley, of Westbourne Grove) of a
-description calculated not only to retain the natural heat
-of the body but to absolutely exclude cold and draughts.
-The material is a dark felt, lined with thick white fur;
-the shoes are open down the sides, but the openings are
-heavily covered with a dark fur, effectually excluding
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_52'>52</span>draughts. There are no laces or fastenings of any kind,
-and the shoes are slipped on or off in a moment.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>It</em> need not be imagined that because the daily application
-of cold water in the luxurious form of the <em>Soap-bath</em>
-be strongly urged, it is desirable to inure the body in the
-manner advocated at the early part of this century, when
-bare-kneed little children—robust or weakly—were exposed
-insufficiently clothed to the inclemency of the weather
-under the mistaken idea of hardening them—hardening
-some, no doubt, but killing a great many more. The power
-to resist cold means the power to resist disease, and to be
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_53'>53</span>proof against intense cold, one must not only be well fed,
-and warmly clad, but thoroughly warm before exposure to
-the cold atmosphere out of doors. Protected by sufficient
-clothing, the body acts as a sort of store-house of heat, and
-a sufficiently large stock of warmth absorbed in the morning
-will last all day, and fresh supplies will be drawn from the
-heat-producing food consumed. A shivering child sent out
-of doors for violent exercise may certainly get warm, but it
-does so at the expense of its own vital energy.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The</em> essential that must not only be looked for, but
-positively and rapidly attained, is the reaction from the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_54'>54</span>shock produced by the cold water: the heart is actively
-excited, and the blood propelled with unusual force through
-the system; the temperature of the body rapidly rises, and
-a general glow supervenes, accompanied with mixed feelings
-of increased vitality, buoyancy and exhilaration, difficult to
-describe. With the non-robust the stay in the cold water
-can hardly be made too short: the principal shock is produced
-from the <em>first</em> application, and the endeavour ought
-rather to be to get out as quickly as possible, than to stay
-in under the mistaken notion of deriving increased benefit.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Should</em> the stay be even a trifle too prolonged, the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_55'>55</span>reaction will be proportionately slow, and by no means so
-pleasant; or proper reaction may be made almost impossible,
-with the result of coldness, shivering, violent headache,
-slow pulse and probable sickness. It must, however, never
-be lost sight of that these unpleasantnesses are absolutely
-under the control of the bather, and never arise except
-with the very ignorant or very foolish: speedy reaction
-<em>must</em> be attained and can invariably be secured, even by the
-most feeble, provided the unpardonable and suicidal sin of
-too long a stay in the cold water be avoided.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>Should</em> the reaction after a <em>Sponge-bath</em> be very slow, it
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_56'>56</span>may be hastened by the previous addition to the water of
-a small wine-glassful of eau-de-cologne, spirits of wine, or
-spirits of any description, whiskey being perhaps best.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>The Soap-bath</em> may be commenced at any period of the
-year, and if children are induced to take it as a treat, rather
-than from any other point of view, they will soon become
-as partial to its use as their elders.</p>
-
-<p class='c010'><em>In</em> slight colds the bath may be continued, but in the
-rare case of an extremely violent one, or affection of the
-throat, the bather, however much against his will, must
-perforce give it up for a time.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_056fp.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-<div class='ic001'>
-<p><span class='script'>Taking the waters.</span></p>
-</div>
-</div>
-
-<p class='c010'><span class='pageno' id='Page_57'>57</span><em>Those</em> who habituate themselves to the indulgence of
-the <em>Soap-bath</em> become, as it were, case-hardened, and can
-seldom be persuaded to forego their daily pleasure, much
-less to abandon the habit: by its use the body arrives and
-remains at its highest state of physical vigour; the power
-of resisting sudden changes of temperature is greatly
-increased, and liability to colds correspondingly lessened,
-while there is an almost absolute freedom from danger of
-infection and epidemic attacks. The <em>Soap-bath</em> is a source
-of immense and constant physical gratification; food is
-keenly enjoyed, the muscles get hard and firm, and the
-<span class='pageno' id='Page_58'>58</span>skin soft as satin, while vigorous health and feelings of
-mental and animal enjoyment are produced attainable
-perhaps by no other means. Existence becomes what it
-was intended, and what it certainly ought to be—a positive
-pleasure: the numerous unpleasantnesses and dyspeptic
-ailments incidental to a low state of bodily health glide
-into the past, and their very recollection almost disappears.</p>
-
-<div  class='figcenter id001'>
-<img src='images/i_b_058.jpg' alt='' class='ig001' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='chapter'>
-  <span class='pageno' id='Page_59'>59</span>
-  <h2 class='c008'><em>ADDENDA.</em></h2>
-</div>
-
-<div class='c009'>
-  <img class='drop-capi' src='images/di_b_059.jpg' width='100' alt='' />
-</div><p class='drop-capi_8'>
-Since going to press the author’s attention
-has been drawn—not over-courteously
-perhaps—by certain manufacturers to
-the sweeping denunciation in this Sketch
-of the habitual use of scented soaps; but
-after a careful examination and trial of
-various kinds, one alone—known as Pears’ transparent soap—may
-in his opinion be safely indicated as a pure detergent
-in every way suitable for <cite>Luxurious Bathing</cite>.</p>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c005'>
-    <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_60'>60</span><em>Field &amp; Tuer,</em></div>
-    <div><em>Y<sup>e</sup> Leadenhalle Presse,</em></div>
-    <div><em>London, E.C.</em></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c007' />
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c005'>
-    <div><span class='pageno' id='Page_61'>61</span>“Hundreds of clever young men, who are now living at home and doing nothing, might be earning very tolerable incomes by their pens if they only knew how.”—<cite>The Nineteenth Century.</cite></div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='section ph2'>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c005'>
-    <div><cite>Journals and Journalism</cite>:</div>
-    <div class='c007'>With a Guide for Literary Beginners,</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c006'>
-    <div>BY</div>
-    <div class='c007'><span class='large'>JOHN OLDCASTLE.</span></div>
-    <div class='c006'><em>Contents</em>:</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='lg-container-b'>
-  <div class='linegroup'>
-    <div class='group'>
-      <div class='line'>Literary Amateurs.</div>
-      <div class='line'>Introductions to Editors.</div>
-      <div class='line'>Returned with thanks.</div>
-      <div class='line'>How to begin.</div>
-      <div class='line'>Pounds, Shillings and Pence.</div>
-      <div class='line'>The Literary Career:</div>
-      <div class='line in4'>I. The Fair Side.</div>
-      <div class='line in3'>II. The Seamy Side.</div>
-      <div class='line'>In an Editor’s Chair.</div>
-      <div class='line'>A Miscellaneous Chapter.</div>
-      <div class='line'>Literary Copyright.</div>
-      <div class='line'>Ten Journalistic Commandments.</div>
-      <div class='line'>How to Correct Proofs.</div>
-    </div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-  <div class='nf-center'>
-    <div>“This volume,” says the <cite>Athenæum</cite>, “will be studded with the autographs of <i><span lang="la" xml:lang="la">literati</span></i>, and is written by a practical journalist.”</div>
-    <div class='c007'>PRICE THREE SHILLINGS AND SIXPENCE.</div>
-    <div class='c006'>LONDON:</div>
-    <div class='c007'>Field &amp; Tuer, y<sup>e</sup> Leadenhalle Presse, 50, Leadenhalle Street, E.C.</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-<div class='pbb'>
- <hr class='pb c007' />
-</div>
-<div class='tnotes'>
-
-<div class='section ph2'>
-
-<div class='nf-center-c0'>
-<div class='nf-center c005'>
-    <div>TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES</div>
-  </div>
-</div>
-
-</div>
-
- <ol class='ol_1 c006'>
-    <li>Silently corrected typographical errors and variations in spelling.
-
-    </li>
-    <li>Archaic, non-standard, and uncertain spellings retained as printed.
-    </li>
-  </ol>
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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