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diff --git a/old/62688-0.txt b/old/62688-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 7479ceb..0000000 --- a/old/62688-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7154 +0,0 @@ -The Project Gutenberg eBook, A guide, descriptive and historical, through -the Town of Shrewsbury, by William Allport Leighton - - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - - - - -Title: A guide, descriptive and historical, through the Town of Shrewsbury - - -Author: William Allport Leighton - - - -Release Date: July 18, 2020 [eBook #62688] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - - -***START OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A GUIDE, DESCRIPTIVE AND -HISTORICAL, THROUGH THE TOWN OF SHREWSBURY*** - - -Transcribed from the John Davies, Fourth Edition (1855) by David Price, -email ccx074@pglaf.org - - [Picture: Book cover] - - - - - - A GUIDE, - DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL, - THROUGH THE - TOWN OF SHREWSBURY, - - - INTERSPERSED WITH BRIEF NOTICES OF THE MORE - - REMARKABLE OBJECTS IN THE ENVIRONS, - - TO WHICH ARE APPENDED, LISTS OF - THE EMINENT NATIVES OF THE TOWN, - WITH REFERENCES TO BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS; - - OF - THE BIRDS SEEN IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD; - - AND OF - THE RARER SPECIES OF PLANTS - INDIGENOUS TO THE VICINITY. - - BY THE - REV. W. A. LEIGHTON, B.A. F.B S.E. - AUTHOR OF “A FLORA OF SHROPSHIRE,” &c. - - * * * * * - - “I held on way to auncient Shrewsebrie towne, - And so from horse at lodging lighting downe, - I walkt the streats, and markt what came to vewe.” - - CHURCHYARD. - - * * * * * - - FOURTH EDITION. - Illustrated with Sixty=one Engravings on Wood. - - * * * * * - - SHREWSBURY: - PUBLISHED BY JOHN DAVIES, XV. HIGH STREET. - SOLD BY ALL BOOKSELLERS. - - * * * * * - - “Without aiming to be great—we aspire only to be useful.” - - _Dr. Butler’s Inaugural Address_, 1835. - - - - -LIST OF ENGRAVINGS. - - PAGE. - 1 Organ Screen in St. Mary’s Church 1 - 2 Norman Doorway, ditto 1 - 3 Town Hall 7 - 4 Market House 9 - 5 Statue of Richard Duke of York, on ditto 10 - 6 Angel under canopied niche, on ditto 10 - 7 Public Rooms 12 - 8 Ireland’s Mansion 14 - 9 “Bennette’s Halle” 15 - 10 Timber Houses on Pride Hill 16 - 11 Gateway of the Council House 19 - 12 Ditto of the Castle 22 - 13 The Castle 23 - 14 Laura’s Tower 24 - 15 Royal Free Grammar School 27 - 16 Principal School-Room, ditto 43 - 17 Bible Stand in the Chapel, ditto 44 - 18 The Library, ditto 45 - 19 Railway Station 48 - 20 Berwick Chapel 53 - 21 St. Michael’s Church 54 - 22 Battlefield Church 56 - 23 St. Mary’s Church 62 - 24 Monument to Rev. J. B. Blakeway, in ditto 72 - 25 Triple Lancet Window, ditto 74 - 26 Ancient Stone Font, ditto 76 - 27 Monument to Admiral Benbow, ditto 77 - 28 Altar-tomb, Simon de Leybourne, ditto 79 - 29 Monument to Master Wigram, ditto 79 - 30 Statue to Bishop Butler, ditto 81 - 31 Salop Infirmary 86 - 32 St. Alkmund’s Church 94 - 33 Guild House of the Holy Cross 99 - 34 St. Julian’s Church 100 - 35 Old St. Chad’s Church 107 - 36 Tower on the Town Walls 119 - 37 English Bridge 122 - 38 Abbey Church, or Church of the Holy Cross 130 - 39 Ditto, eastern end 133 - 40 Stone Railing, in ditto 134 - 41 Monument to Roger de Montgomery, ditto 136 - 42 Altar-tomb to Richard Onslow, Esq. ditto 137 - 43 Ditto to Alderman Jones and his Wife, ditto 138 - 44 Reader’s Pulpit, ditto 141 - 45 White Hall 145 - 46 Column in honour of Lord Hill 147 - 47 St. Giles’s Church 148 - 48 Interior of ditto 151 - 49 “Pest-Basin,” in St. Giles’s Churchyard 152 - 50 Altar-tomb at Longner 155 - 51 Roman Wall at Wroxeter 155 - 52 Trinity Church 156 - 53 Meole Bridge, &c. 157 - 54 Window in Franciscan Friary 158 - 55 The Quarry 159 - 56 St. Chad’s Church 163 - 57 Font in ditto 165 - 58 Figure of St. Chad in ditto 167 - 59 Welsh Bridge 171 - 60 St. George’s Church 173 - 61 Shelton Oak 176 - - * * * * * - -_August_, 1855. - - - - -SHREWSBURY. - - -SHREWSBURY, the capital town of Shropshire, lies nearly in the centre of -that fertile county, and occupies a commanding eminence which gradually -rises from the bed of the river Severn, whose stream gracefully bends its -course around three sides of the town, thus forming a peninsula, having -its narrow isthmus towards the north-east. From whatever point the -traveller approaches, his mind cannot fail of being forcibly impressed -with the singular beauty of its situation and general aspect;—its dark -and frowning castle, the elegant towers and gracefully tapering spires of -its ecclesiastical structures; the undulating, irregular, yet picturesque -disposition of its buildings, and above all, the beautiful windings of -“Severn’s ambient wave;”—all combine to form a prospect surpassed by none -and equalled but by few other towns of our island. - - [Picture: Organ Screen in St. Mary’s Church] - -From the gradual and progressive improvements of civilization, the -present condition of the town presents few points of resemblance to the -appearance indicated in its original Saxon name, Scrobbesbyrig, _the -fenced eminence overgrown with shrubs_; a dense population of more than -20,000 inhabitants {2} now dwelling within its extent, busily engaged in -the manufactures of linen, thread, iron, brawn, &c.—not forgetting those -far-famed cakes - - “Whose honour’d name th’ inventive city own, - Rendering thro’ Britain’s isle Salopia’s praises known.” - - [Picture: Norman Doorway, St. Mary’s Church] - -Its earliest history, like that of most other ancient places, remains -involved in obscurity; though it is now the generally received opinion, -that the town was founded by the Britons, who, expelled from the adjacent -station of Uriconium, or Wroxeter, which they continued to inhabit after -the final departure of their Roman masters, sought here that refuge -against their Saxon enemies which the then nature of the country was so -well capable of affording them. During the progress of succeeding ages, -our town and its inhabitants, have, of course, by turns flourished amid -the calm prosperity of peace, and trembled at the terrors and desolations -of overwhelming warfare. But the ample details of its important history -are totally foreign to the purpose of the present manual; the highest aim -of which, is to furnish to the intelligent and inquisitive traveller, a -faithful, though humble guide, in conducting him, in his survey of the -place, to those objects which, from general or local circumstances, are -most deserving his attention and observation. {3} - -To all classes, in their various and varied pursuits, our town will be -found replete with matter of interest and instruction. The refined -traveller will here meet with customs and manners peculiar, singular, and -interesting—the artist, subjects for his pencil and exercise for his -judgment, in imitating the tints and stains of time and nature’s -never-ceasing powers—the historical antiquary will, with enthusiastic -delight, trace its connexion with many of the grandest features of our -national history—the architectural antiquary will find ample scope for -many an hour’s delightful meditation on the massive grandeur of the -“oulden time”—whilst to the scrutinising eye of the naturalist, the -vicinity will, at every step, unfold objects of beauteous and wondrous -design, which will uplift his enraptured mind, as he fondly gazes on -them, in heartfelt gratitude, adoration, and praise, to the bounteous -Giver of all good. - -Commencing then at the centre, let us first survey that emporium of civic -honour, - - - -THE TOWN HALL. - - -The ancient Guild Hall was a large, low, timber structure, with a high -clock-turret, erected in the reign of Henry VIII. and stood across the -Market Square, nearly at right angles to the centre of the New Hall. The -lower part consisted of shops, and a covered way for carriages -communicating with the High Street. The upper story contained the rooms -in which the business of the town was transacted, and the assizes held. -The Exchequer, in which the municipal records were preserved, stood on -the south-east side, and was a strong square stone tower of three -stories, erected in 1490. - -This incommodious building was in 1783 levelled with the ground, and a -new hall erected in its place, after the design of the late Mr. Haycock -of this town, at an expense of £11,000, and opened for public business on -17th March, 1786. In excavating the foundations, considerable deposits -of what was apparently manure were discovered, indicating, in all -probability, the existence of a farm-yard on the spot, at some very early -period. The new structure exhibited a handsome stone front towards the -Market Square, and consisted of a spacious vestibule, and two not very -convenient courts for the assizes, on the ground floor. A large assembly -room, grand jury room, and spacious offices for the business of the town -and county, occupied the upper story, to which an elegant spiral -staircase of stone led from the vestibule below. - -Considerable sinkings having in 1832 been observed in different parts of -the structure in consequence of the instability of the foundations, the -building was surveyed by eminent and experienced architects, and -pronounced unsafe and dangerous. The matter was immediately deliberated -upon by the proper authorities, and after due investigation, it was -determined to take down the whole edifice and erect a more commodious one -on its site. For the double purpose of obtaining a more eligible -foundation, and of adding a considerable additional space in front to the -Market Square, some adjoining premises were purchased by subscription, -and a substantial structure, well adapted for all the purposes of the -business to be therein transacted, was, in 1837, completed by Messrs. -Birch, of this town, after a design by Sir Richard Smirke. The cost of -this building was about £13,000, and was raised by a county-rate. - -The disposition of the interior embraces on the ground floor, a -vestibule, affording a communication with rooms on either side for the -mayor, counsel at the assizes, and witnesses, and beyond with two -spacious courts and robing rooms for the judges. On the second floor are -arranged the clerk of the indictments, grand jury and witnesses -attendance rooms; and on the upper floor, the town clerk’s and clerk of -the peace’s offices, and a great room, 45 feet by 32 feet, for general -purposes; on this floor are also fire-proof chambers for the safe -preservation of the municipal records. Under the crown court are cells, -&c. for the prisoners, and a room for the deliberations of juries. Its -exterior elevation is here represented:— - - [Picture: Town Hall] - -The following pictures, presented at various times to the Corporation, -adorn the walls of the Town Hall: Charles I.; Charles II.; William III.; -George I.; George II.; George III. and his Queen Charlotte; Admiral -Benbow; Lord Hill, by Sir William Beechy; and Admiral Owen, painted by -our townsman, R. Evans, Esq. R.A. by subscription. An excellent likeness -of The Honourable Thomas Kenyon, late Chairman of Salop Quarter Sessions, -and various other local portraits, are arranged around. - -The Norman Earls of Shrewsbury, to whom the town belonged after the -Conquest, ruled the burgesses with the iron sway of tyranny. From this -thraldom they were somewhat relieved by Henry I., who conferred on them -many valuable privileges, and diminished the rent of their town. Henry -II. was the first king who granted them a written charter, but from his -time to the reign of James II. almost every successive sovereign has -confirmed or enlarged their privileges and customs. A guild merchant -existed here, antecedent to the 11th John, and was recognized and -established by charter of 11th Henry III. 1226–7, by which, every one -carrying on business in the town was compelled to become a member of it. -The town was anciently governed by two Bailiffs or Provosts, until the -Corporation was remodelled by charter of 14th Charles I., under which it -consisted of a Mayor, (annually elected,) Recorder, Steward, Town Clerk, -24 Aldermen, 48 Common Councilmen, 2 Chamberlains, and inferior officers. -Under the Municipal Reform Act, Shrewsbury was divided into five wards, -and is now governed by a Mayor, 10 Aldermen, and 30 Councilmen. There -are also 12 magistrates appointed by the Crown to assist in the local -government of the town. - - - -THE MARKET SQUARE - - -presents an interesting and antique appearance, on account of the -numerous old timber houses, which still remain on its sides. It consists -of a large oblong space, the northern half of which affords room for an -excellent Green or Vegetable Market, whilst the southern half is occupied - - - -THE MARKET HOUSE, - - - [Picture: Market House] - -which, according to an inscription over the northern arch, was erected in -1595, at the expense of the Corporation. It is one of the most spacious -and magnificent structures of its kind in the kingdom; is of wrought -freestone, and in the fantastic style of the 16th century. The principal -front faces the west, and has in the centre a spacious portal; over which -are sculptured, in high relief, the arms of Elizabeth, under a canopy -adorned with roses, with the date 1596. Attached to the imposts of the -great arch are pillars, each supporting a figure of a lion, with a blank -shield on its breast. Above are two stories, with large square mullioned -windows. On each side the portal is an open arcade of three spacious -round arches, reposing on massive pillars; over which, a range of square -mullioned windows lights the upper story, which is surmounted by a rich, -though singular parapet, with grotesque pinnacles. [Picture: Statue of -Richard of York] [Picture: Angel under canopied niche] Large open arches -occupy the north and south ends, which are terminated above in sharp -pointed gables. Above the northern arch, in a tabernacled embattled -niche, is a statue of Richard, Duke of York, father of Edward IV. clothed -in complete armour, and a surcoat emblazoned with his armorial bearings, -removed from the tower on the Old Welsh Bridge, on its demolition in -1791. On his left are the town arms, _azure_, _three leopards’ heads_, -_or_, sculptured in relief. The south end is decorated with a sculptured -stone, representing an angel, with expanded wings, under a canopied -niche, bearing in his hands a shield, charged with the arms of France and -England, quarterly. This fragment of antiquity formerly stood in the -southern tower of the Castle or North Gate of the town, and was removed -hither in 1825, when that building was taken down to widen the street. -The exterior of this fine old building has of late years undergone a -needful reparation and careful restoration, and its northern front has -recently received the useful appendage of an excellent clock, illuminated -by gas, constructed by Joyce, of Whitchurch, in this County. The lower -area is appropriated to the excellent Corn Market held here every -Saturday. - -General Markets are held on Wednesday and Saturday in every week, and -Fairs for Cattle of all kinds, in the Smithfield, on alternate Tuesdays, -and for Butter and Cheese, on the second Wednesday in each month. - -The spacious apartments in the upper story of the Market Hall are -occupied by the - - - -MECHANICS’ INSTITUTION, - - -originally established in 1825, and supported by subscriptions and -donations. The present number of the members is 200. The Library -comprises 2000 volumes, and the Reading Room is supplied with Periodicals -and Newspapers. There are Classes for the English and French languages, -Arithmetic, Mathematics, Music, Writing, Modelling and Drawing; and -during the winter months Lectures are delivered every fortnight. The -subscription is Ten Shillings and upwards per annum for members, and Five -Shillings for students. - -On the south side of the Market Square are - - - -THE PUBLIC ROOMS, - - - [Picture: Public Rooms] - -erected in 1840, by Mr. Stant, after the design of Mr. Haycock. On the -ground floor in front is the principal entrance to the - - -PUBLIC SUBSCRIPTION NEWS-ROOM, - - -which is immediately above, and also to the spacious - - -MUSIC HALL, - - -which occupies the remaining portion of the second floor. The third -story is divided into various rooms, used as Billiard Rooms, &c. The -back apartments on the ground floor are appropriated to the Street Act -Offices, and dwelling for hall-keeper, &c. - -The Public News-Room, supported by annual subscriptions, is supplied with -the principal London and Provincial Newspapers, Journals, Magazines, &c. -and is open from 8 a.m. till 10 p.m. - -The Music Hall is 90 feet in length, and 42 feet wide, and 38 feet high, -with an Orchestra at the south end, containing a very fine-toned and -powerful Organ, built by Bishop of London, and presented to the Choral -Society of the town, by the late Rev. Richard Scott, B.D. - -Adjacent are the Stamp Office, the Salop Fire Office, the Police Station, -and Post Office,—the two latter in the “Talbot Buildings,” recently well -known as the old established “Talbot Inn,” formerly the warehouses of an -eminent draper of the town, of the name of Oteley, of the family of -Oteley, of Pitchford, County of Salop, and erected on the site of some of -the buildings probably belonging to Vaughan’s Mansion, as is evident from -the old stone foundations and singular vaults still existing in the -basement. - -Looking towards the north, and turning on the left, we enter the High -Street, where on the left-hand side is a noble timber house, now divided -into separate dwellings, once the town residence of the (now extinct) -family of Ireland, of Albrighton. When entire, it must have presented a -grand and imposing appearance. The front consists principally of four -deep ranges of bow windows, four stories high, very lofty, and terminated -above in pointed gables, on each of which, are escutcheons of the arms of -the Ireland family. _Gules_, _six fleurs de lys_, _three_, _two_, _and -one_, _argent_. The principal entrance is through a flat Gothic arch. -The premises are now the property of the Corbets of Sundorne. - - [Picture: Ireland’s Mansion] - -Immediately fronting the High Street, behind the premises of Mr. Burrey, -upholsterer, are the remains of some extensive building of red stone, -probably ecclesiastical, and in the style of the 14th century. -Considerable doubts have been entertained by our best antiquarians -concerning these remnants of fallen grandeur, and no record is extant by -which their use or name can be ascertained with any certainty. In an -entry in the chartulary of Haughmond Abbey, in this county, of the early -date of 2d Rich. II. 1378, these premises are mentioned, as having been -known before that time, by the name of - - - -“BENNETTE’S HALLE,” - - -but when or from what cause they acquired that appellation is unknown. - - [Picture: “Bennette’s Halle”] - -Turning to the right, we proceed up Pride Hill, on the right-hand side of -which may be seen many curious old timber houses, the ancient mansions of -our honest burghers. - -Midway of Pride Hill, on the right, is the - - - -DOUBLE BUTCHER ROW, - - -in which are also many interesting specimens of domestic architecture. - -At the top of Pride Hill, on the right, is - - - -THE BUTTER CROSS, - - -intended for the accommodation of persons bringing Butter, Eggs, and -Poultry to the markets. The old cross, a heavy, inconvenient brick -building, with a large reservoir on its top for supplying the upper parts -of the town with water, stood nearly in the centre of the thoroughfare, -whence it was removed in 1818, and another erected at the expense of the -Corporation, on the present site; which also proving insufficient and -inconvenient, was taken down, and the present structure, on an enlarged -scale, built in 1844, by the Corporation, aided by the subscriptions of -the town and neighbourhood. - - [Picture: Timber Houses on Pride Hill] - -In early times a Cross stood on this spot, of which frequent mention is -made in old documents, by the name of the High Cross, and the adjoining -street was called the High Pavement. Here proclamations were accustomed -to be made, and criminals executed. This cross is remarkable as the -place on which David, the last of the British Princes of Wales, underwent -a cruel and ignominious death, by order of Edward I. and where many -noblemen, taken prisoners at the battle of Shrewsbury, were executed. - -On part of the site of the present Cross stood, previously, an ancient -timber structure, probably part of the collegiate buildings of the -adjacent church of St. Mary. - -Nearly opposite the Butter Cross, on the left-hand side of the street, is -an old mansion, now new-fronted, modernised, partially rebuilt, and -divided, once, it is believed, the residence of the opulent and ancient, -but now extinct, family of the Prides, who gave their name to the street -“Pride Hill.” Some idea of its former splendour may have been collected -from the ornamented plaster ceilings, which remained in several of the -rooms, but which, by recent alterations, are probably now removed. - -Proceeding onwards, we shortly reach, on the left, - - - -THE RAVEN INN, - - -where the ingenious George Farquhar wrote his sprightly but licentious -comedy of “The Recruiting Officer,” during his residence in our town in -1704, in that capacity. The scene of the play is laid in Shrewsbury, and -though the plot may not have had any foundation in reality, it has been -ascertained, on indubitable evidence, that the author took for the -originals of his characters, many distinguished persons, living or well -known at that time, in the town and neighbourhood. The window of the -room, which tradition points out as that in which the drama was composed, -still exists, and may be seen from the yard of the Inn. - -At the end of Castle Street, on the right side, the remains of - - - -ST. NICHOLAS’S CHAPEL - - -present themselves to the spectator; the architecture of which, with the -exception of a pointed window at the west end of later date, is entirely -of the early Norman era: and it is highly probable that the Chapel was -erected by Roger de Montgomery, the first Norman Earl of Shrewsbury, for -the use of such of his retainers as resided in the outer works of the -Castle. The only portions of this edifice at present remaining, are the -nave, a massive semicircular arch, formerly opening into the (now -entirely destroyed) chancel, and two similar side arches. The building -is the property of the Lysters of Rowton, and has been converted into two -stables and a coach-house. - -Immediately adjoining, on the right, is the venerable and -highly-ornamented timber - - - -GATEWAY OF THE COUNCIL HOUSE, - - - [Picture: Gateway of the Council House] - -which presents an interesting and curious specimen of the domestic -architecture of the year 1620; that date, and the initials W O E, -indicating it to have been built by one of the Owens of Condover, the -then possessors of this property, being still visible on the -south-eastern front. - -Entering through this gateway, we approach - - - -THE COUNCIL HOUSE, - - -which is so called from having been the occasional residence of the -Council of the Marches of Wales, during their annual visit to our town. -{20} It is situated on a lofty bank, which abruptly rises above the -river Severn, and commands a most interesting and enlivening prospect of -the surrounding country. The buildings occupy three sides of a small -court, and are now divided into three excellent houses. Of late years -they have been so considerably altered and modernised that little of the -original structure is at present discernible. That portion which -includes the Hall and the Great Chamber over it, comprises nearly the -whole of the building which retains any resemblance of its original -features. These once magnificent apartments, during the last -alterations, were subdivided and despoiled of the stained glass, -elaborately carved chimney pieces, {21} and richly ornamented ceilings, -which contributed so largely to their former splendour. The carved -wooden porch, once affording entrance to the hall, has, with other -relics, been carefully preserved. - -The house was originally erected about 1501, by Peter Newton, Esq. one of -the Council of the Marches, and having passed through numerous hands, is -now the property of the Lysters of Rowton. - -This venerable mansion afforded, in 1642, an asylum to the unhappy -Charles the First, upon the commencement of his troubles. His Majesty -resided here for six weeks, during which time the gentry of Shropshire -flocked around him, and testified their deep attachment and unshaken -loyalty, by contributing most liberally in this hour of need to their -sovereign’s exigencies. James II. also on his visit to the town, kept -his court here on the 24th of August, 1687. - -The next object which demands our attention is - - - -THE GATEWAY OF THE CASTLE, - - -the arch of which is the only existing part of the original Norman -fortress of Roger de Montgomery. It is eighteen feet in height, -semicircular, with plain round facings, and its walls appear to have -sustained a tower, from whence hung the portcullis. - - [Picture: Gateway of the Castle] - -Through this gateway we are conducted into the inner court of whence we -obtain a comprehensive view of the existing remains, which consist of the -keep, the walls of the inner court, and a lofty mound on the south side, -probably part of the early fortress constructed here by the Britons. -From the various dilapidations and changes which the fortress has -undergone during the course of many centuries, no adequate idea can now -be formed of its original size and strength. The Castle stands boldly -elevated on a steep bank of earth, on the narrow isthmus formed by the -Severn, and is approached from the town by a gentle ascent. - - [Picture: Laura’s Tower] - -The Keep, the walls of which are of great strength and thickness, was -erected by Edward I. and is a square building, connected with two round -towers of equal diameter, embattled and pierced, and originally consisted -of one great apartment on each of the upper floors. The interior, as -well as the exterior, has been greatly altered. A handsome stone -staircase, of modern construction, leads from the vestibule (in which is -a statue of the founder, Roger de Montgomery), to the principal -apartments. The drawing room, used as a guard-chamber in the time of -Charles 1st, is spacious and handsome. A stone stair-case within the -wall, lighted by narrow chinks, leads to an apartment in the western -tower, in which was a recess, with a strong groined ceiling, and small -acutely pointed windows. - -[Picture: Watch tower] The summit of the mound above mentioned, is -crowned with ruinous walls, and an ancient watch tower, which, during the -last repairs was converted into a delightful summer room, commanding a -fine panoramic view, and now called LAURA’S TOWER. - -On the east side of the court is a postern, built probably during the -civil wars; and adjacent to it are the massive foundations of an ancient -tower. - -In the area of the court, now entirely cleared of buildings, the Knights -of the Shire have, from time immemorial, been girt with their swords by -the Sheriff. - -Of that invariable appendage of castles, the Chapel of St. Michael, all -traces have long been swept away. Its site is even now a matter of -conjecture. Originally it was endowed with considerable landed estates, -was a “Royal Free Chapel,” and was subsequently granted, with its -appendant, the Church of St. Juliana, in this town, by Henry IV. to his -College erected at Battlefield, in commemoration of his victory there. - -Roger de Montgomery, the first Norman Earl of Shrewsbury, is regarded as -the founder of the Castle, though it is more probable that he only -enlarged a smaller fortress which is known to have existed here anterior -to his times. To afford an eligible site for his new buildings, he is -stated to have destroyed fifty-one houses; a fifth part of the whole town -at that period. On the forfeiture of Earl Robert de Belesme, in the time -of Henry I., the castle became a royal fortress, and was entrusted to the -custody of the Sheriff, and the vast possessions annexed to it were -parcelled out among various knights, to be held by the service of castle -ward. During the turbulent reign of Henry III. the castle fell into a -state of great dilapidation, but his son, Edward I., immediately on his -accession, almost entirely rebuilt the structure; which, upon the -submission of the Welsh, being no longer needed as a military fortress, -was again abandoned to ruin and decay. - -In the reign of Elizabeth a grant was made of its site and buildings to -Richard Onslow, Esq. who subsequently transferred his interest to the -Corporation. During the civil wars it was repaired and garrisoned for -the royal party; but being besieged by the parliamentary forces, it -surrendered in 1645, and escaped demolition by being entrusted to Colonel -Mitton, a native of the county. On the Restoration it reverted to the -Corporation, who, in 1663, surrendering their title to Charles II., that -monarch presented it to Francis Viscount Newport, afterwards Earl of -Bradford, from whom it has passed to the present proprietor, the Duke of -Cleveland. - -Nearly opposite the Castle is - - - -THE ROYAL FREE GRAMMAR SCHOOL OF KING EDWARD VI. - - -founded by that monarch by letters patent, dated 10th February, 1552, and -endowed with portions of the estates of the late dissolved Colleges of -St. Mary and St. Chad, in this town. The original endowment, on the -request of the learned, estimable, and ever to be venerated Thomas -Ashton, the first Schoolmaster, was considerably enlarged by Queen -Elizabeth, in the 13th year of her reign, by a donation of other portions -of the properties of those ecclesiastical institutions. Mr. Ashton -himself left by will a handsome legacy; and Dr. John Taylor, the learned -editor of Demosthenes, bequeathed the greater part of his valuable -library. - - [Picture: Royal Free Grammar School] - -The amount of the present annual revenue is £3086. 15s. 1d. which is -appropriated in the payment of the Salaries of the Masters and Bailiff, -the maintenance of scholarships and exhibitions in the Universities, the -stipends of the Vicar of Chirbury, and the Curates of St. Mary, Clive, -and Astley, the necessary repairs, &c. of the school-buildings and -estate, the Library, Rewards, Prizes, &c., providing residences for the -Incumbents of the School livings, and a Play-ground. The surplus is -applied to the formation of a Reserved Fund, not exceeding £5000, to be -applied from time to time, under the direction of the Court of Chancery, -for repairs, &c. of the School buildings and Estate. - -The head-master receives a salary of £425, including £100 for -Mathematical instruction, and a further sum of £40 as catechist and -reader; the second master £200, and the third master £100, with the use -of dwelling-houses, free from rent, taxes, and repairs; the French and -German master £50, and the writing master £50. - -The exhibitions and scholarships from this school to both Universities, -are numerous and valuable, and are mostly confined to the sons of -burgesses, (who have attended the school for two years), born in the town -or suburbs, or in the Abbey Foregate; or in default of such, to persons -born in the parish of Chirbury; or in default of such, to those born in -the county of Salop. - - -ADVANTAGES OPEN TO ALL BOYS EDUCATED AT SHREWSBURY SCHOOL. - - -Four scholarships of £63 per annum each, on the foundation of John -Millington, D.D. at Magdalen College, Cambridge, tenable during residence -till M.A. Electors, the Master and Fellows of the College. - -One Fellowship of £126 per annum, on the same foundation, in the same -College. Electors, the same. - -One Exhibition of £23 per annum, on the foundation of John Taylor, D.D. -open to any College. Electors, the Head and Second Masters, and the -Mayor of Shrewsbury. - -One Exhibition of £10 per annum, on the foundation of Mrs. Nonnely, for a -boy proceeding to the University of Oxford. - -One Exhibition of £30 per annum, on the foundation of Mr. Podmore, for a -boy nominated by the Head Master, and proceeding to Trinity College, -Cambridge. - -Prizes for Composition in the Greek, Latin, and English Languages, are -awarded annually, with a Gold Medal to the best Scholar leaving School -for the University. There are also Exhibitions for which Shrewsbury -School has a preference, at Balliol College, Oxford, and at St. John’s -College, Cambridge. - - -ADVANTAGES LIMITED IN POINT OF QUALIFICATION. - - -Five Exhibitions of £50 per annum each, tenable for four years. -Electors, the Trustees of the School. - -Two Exhibitions founded by Mr. James Millington, for sons of burgesses -born in Frankwell, and proceeding from the School in Millington’s -Hospital to Shrewsbury School, and thence to Magdalen College, Cambridge. -Electors, the Trustees of Millington’s Hospital. Value £40 per annum -each. - -Two Exhibitions, founded by Oswald Smith, of £25 per annum each, for sons -of burgesses. Electors, the Head and Second Masters, and the Incumbent -of St. Mary’s, Shrewsbury. - -Four Exhibitions to Christ Church, Oxford, founded by Mr. Careswell, for -natives of Shropshire. Examiners, the Dean of Christ Church, or his -Deputy. Electors, two or more Justices of the Peace for the County. -Present value £60 per annum each. - -The whole management of the school and revenue, was, by Act of -Parliament, 38 George III. vested in the Bishop of Lichfield as Visitor, -and Thirteen Governors and Trustees. The election of the head and second -masters rests solely in the Master and Fellows of St. John’s College, -Cambridge. The under-master is appointed by the head-master. - -All the sons of burgesses of Shrewsbury, who are not under eight nor more -than twenty years of age, may be admitted on the foundation, on -application to the head-master, provided they are able to write and read -English. Any boys not sons of burgesses may be admitted on payment of -certain fees,—viz. two guineas admission, and fifteen guineas yearly. - -The instruction in the schools is “in the Holy Scriptures, the Church -Catechism, the Liturgy, Doctrine and Discipline of the Church of England, -the Greek, Latin, English and French languages, Reading, Writing, and -Grammar, in Ancient and Modern History, sacred as well as profane, and -Geography, in Arithmetic and Mathematics, and also in such other modern -Languages, Arts and Sciences, as the Governors, with the consent of the -Visitor, shall think proper.” - -The head-master is Rev. B. H. Kennedy, D.D.; the second master is Rev. W. -Burbury, M.A.; the third master, H. Greenwood, Esq. M.A.; the assistant -classical master, Edward Calvert, Esq. M.A.; Mathematics and Arithmetic, -Rev. A. T. Paget, M.A.; Modern Languages, T. A. Bentley, Esq.; Latin -Accidence and Writing, Mr. T. N. Henshaw. - -Among the many persons of eminence who have received their education at -this school we may enumerate Sir Philip Sidney; his friend, Sir Fulke -Greville, Lord Brook; the son of Edwyn Sandys, Archbishop of York; the -cruel Judge Jeffries; Lord Chief Justices Jones and Price; Dr. Bowers, -Bishop of Chichester; Dr. John Thomas, Bishop of Salisbury; Dr. John -Taylor, editor of Lysias and Demosthenes; Dr. Edward Waring, Lucasian -Professor of Mathematics; James Harrington, the author of “Oceana;” -Wycherley, the Dramatist; Ambrose Phillips, the Poet; and the Venerable -Archdeacon Owen, and the Rev. J. B. Blakeway, the learned and estimable -Historians of Shrewsbury. - -Through the indefatigable exertions and learning of the late venerated -head-master, (The Right Reverend Samuel Butler, D.D. F.R.S. &c. late -Lord Bishop of Lichfield,) the institution attained to an unrivalled -celebrity and repute, most deservedly ranking among the first public -schools in England. And as an earnest of continued prosperity, we cannot -do better than refer to the words of the venerable Bishop, who, on -resigning his arduous duties to his learned and talented successor, -stated “that he considered Dr. Kennedy, as the most brilliant scholar he -had ever sent forth, as the brightest star in that galaxy of -distinguished pupils whose names adorn the ‘Boards’ of Shrewsbury -School.—That from Dr. Kennedy’s experience of his system, both as a pupil -and assistant master at Shrewsbury School, from his constant practice as -a lecturer and private tutor at College, and as an assistant master for -six years or more at Harrow, as well as from his own unrivalled talents -and high literary distinctions, from his fine taste and sound learning, -there was not a shadow of doubt but that he would fully maintain the -reputation which Shrewsbury School had already acquired, and would add, -at least as many distinguished names to its Boards, during his -superintendence of this important foundation, as had been inscribed there -by himself in any equal period.” These bright anticipations of the -venerated Bishop have been already, and are daily more and more fully -realized. - -More than 100 gentlemen educated at Shrewsbury School have during the -present century been elected Fellows of various Colleges in both -Universities, and nearly 250 Scholars and Exhibitioners; of whom more -than forty have subsequently been Tutors or Lecturers in their several -Colleges. - -Permission having been kindly granted, we are enabled to give the -following copy of the BOARDS alluded to:— - -1806 THOMAS SMART HUGHES, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Latin Ode_. -1807 THOMAS SMART HUGHES, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Greek Ode_. - JOHN TURNER, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Second - Bachelor’s Prize_. -1809 THOMAS SMART HUGHES, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _First - Bachelor’s Prize_. -1810 THOMAS SMART HUGHES, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _First - Bachelor’s Prize_. - WILLIAM HENRY PARRY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Third - Bachelor’s Prize_. -1811 ROBERT WILSON EVANS, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Second - Medallist_. -1812 MARMADUKE LAWSON, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Latin Ode_. - ROBERT WILSON EVANS, Trinity College, Cambridge, _First - Bachelor’s Prize_. -1813 WILLIAM HENRY PARRY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Norrisian Prize_. - ROBERT WILSON EVANS, Trinity College, Cambridge, _First - Bachelor’s Prize_. -1814 MARMADUKE LAWSON, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Pitt - University Scholar_, (the first elected on that - foundation.) -1816 MARMADUKE LAWSON, Magdalen College, Cambridge, _Medallist_. - RICHARD P. THURSFIELD, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Second Bell’s Scholar_. -1817 REV. T. SMART HUGHES, Fellow of Edmund College, Cambridge, - and Proctor of the University, _The Seatonian Prize_. -1819 SPENCER WILDE, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Recorded - Equal to Bell’s Scholar_. -1821 EDWARD BAINES, Christ College, Cambridge, _Second Bell’s - Scholar_. -1822 T. WILLIAMS, Oriel College, Oxford, _First Class_, _Lit. - Hum._ -1823 JOHN PRICE, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Recorded Equal - to Bell’s Scholar_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The - Porson Prize_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Adjudged the Browne Medal_, _Latin Ode_. -1824 BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Pitt - University Scholar_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Browne Medal_, _Greek Ode_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Browne Medal_, _Latin Ode_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The - Porson Prize_. -1825 THOMAS WILLIAMSON PEILE, Trinity College, Cambridge, - _Davies University Scholar_. - JOHN HODGSON, Trinity College, Cambridge, _The Parson - Prize_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Browne’s Medal_, _Epigram_. -1826 JOHN HODGSON, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Second - Medallist_. - HORATIO HILDYARD, Peterhouse, Cambridge, _First Bell’s - Scholar_. - THOMAS BUTLER, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Recorded - Equal to Bell’s Scholar_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The - Porson Prize_. -1827 BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _Senior Medallist_. - GEORGE H. JOHNSON, Queen’s College, Oxford, _Ireland - University Scholar_. - THOMAS WILLIAMSON PEILE, Trinity College, Cambridge, - _Second Undergraduate’s Latin Essay_. -1828 CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _First Bell’s - Scholar_. - THOMAS WILLIAMSON PEILE, Trinity College, Cambridge, - _Second Medallist_. - EDWARD MASSIE, Wadham College, Oxford, _Ireland University - Scholar_. - BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, - _First Bachelor’s Prize_. - GEORGE H. JOHNSON, Queen’s College, Oxford, _Double First - Class_. -1829 CHARLES BORRETT, Magdalen College, Oxford, _Ireland - University Scholar_. - JOHN THOMAS, Wadham College, Oxford, _Craven University - Scholar_. - CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Greek Ode_. - CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - HERBERT JOHNSON, Wadham College, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Lit. Hum._ -1830 CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Pitt - University Scholar_. - PETER S. PAYNE, Balliol College, Oxford, _Ireland - University Scholar_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Greek Ode_. - ROBERT SCOTT, Christ Church, Oxford, _Craven University - Scholar_. - CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. -1831 JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Battie - University Scholar_. - THOMAS BRANCKER, Wadham College, Oxford, _elected Ireland - University Scholar_, while yet in the Sixth Form of - Shrewsbury School. - GEORGE KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _First - Bell’s Scholar_. - GEORGE H. JOHNSON, Queen’s College, Oxford, _Mathematical - University Scholar_, (the first elected on that - foundation.) - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Latin Ode_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Epigrams_. - GEORGE KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - PETER S. PAYNE, Balliol College, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Lit. Hum._ -1832 GEORGE KENNEDY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Davies - University Scholar_. - HORATIO HILDYARD, Peterhouse, Cambridge, _Second Bachelor’s - Prize_. - JOHN THOMAS, Trinity College, Oxford, _Latin Verse Prize_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Latin Ode_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Member’s - Prize_, _Latin Essay_. -1833 ROBERT SCOTT, Christ Church, Oxford, _Ireland University - Scholar_. - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _Second - Medallist_. - GEORGE H. MARSH, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Bell’s - Scholar_. - JOHN GIBBONS LONGUEVILLE, Wadham College, Oxford, _First - Class_, _Lit. Hum._ - ROBERT SCOTT, Student of Christ Church, Oxford, _First - Class_, _Lit. Hum._ - THOMAS F. HENNEY, Pembroke College, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Lit. Hum._ - JAMES HILDYARD, Christ College, Cambridge, _First - Bachelor’s Prize_. - WILLIAM FLETCHER, Trinity College, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Lit. Hum._ -1834 ALEXANDER G. HILDYARD, Pembroke College, Cambridge, _Second - Bell’s Scholar_. - ROBERT SCOTT, Student of Christ Church, Oxford, _Bachelor’s - Latin Essay_. -1835 WILLIAM GILSON HUMPHRY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Pitt - University Scholar_. - GEORGE AUGUSTUS MAY, Magdalen College, Cambridge, _Bell’s - Scholar_. - EDWARD J. EDWARDS, Balliol College, Oxford, _Kennicott - Hebrew Scholar_. -1836 WILLIAM DICKENSON, Trinity College, Oxford, _Latin Verse - Prize_. - W. G. HUMPHRY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Latin Essay_. - W. G. HUMPHRY, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Second - Medallist_. -1837 HENRY HOLDEN, Balliol College, Oxford, _First Class_, _Lit. - Hum._ -1838 JAMES FRASER, Scholar of Lincoln College, Oxford, _Recorded - Second to Ireland University Scholar_, with the words - “_proxime accesssit_.” - REV. R. SCOTT, M.A. Fellow of Balliol College, Oxford, - _Denyer’s Theological Essay_. - ROBERT MIDDLETON DUKES, Scholar of Lincoln College, Oxford, - _First Class_, _Lit. Hum._ - THOMAS EVANS, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - WILLIAM DICKENSON, Trinity College, Oxford, _Latin Essay_. -1839 JAMES FRASER, Lincoln College, Oxford, _Ireland University - Scholar_. - EDWARD M. COPE, Scholar of Trinity College, Cambridge, _The - Porson Prize_. - JAMES FRASER, Lincoln College, Oxford, _First Class_, _Lit. - Hum._ -1840 EDWARD BATHER, Merton College, Oxford, _First Class_, _Lit. - Hum._ - JOHN BATHER, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Reexamined - with Craven’s University Scholar_. -1841 HUGH A. JOHNSTON MUNRO, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Lord - Craven’s University Scholar_. - GEORGE DRUCE, St. Peter’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - GEORGE NUGEE, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Latin Essay_. -1842 EDWIN H. GIFFORD, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Pitt - University Scholar_. - HUGH A. J. MUNRO, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Senior - Chancellor’s Medallist_. - GEORGE DRUCE, St. Peter’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - WILLIAM GEORGE CLARK, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne - Medal_, _Epigrams_. - THOMAS RAMSBOTHAM, Christ College, Cambridge, _Latin - Essay_. - W. T. BASIL JONES, Trinity College, Oxford, _Ireland - University Scholar_. -1843 E. H. GIFFORD, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Senior - Chancellor’s Medallist_. - GEORGE DRUCE, St. Peter’s College, Cambridge, _Junior - Chancellor’s Medallist_. - REV. M. BRIGHT, Magdalen College, Cambridge, _Tyrwhitt’s - Hebrew Scholar_. - W. G. CLARK, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - W. G. CLARE, Trinity College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - G. NUGEE, B.A. Trinity College, Cambridge, _Latin Essay_. -1844 W. G. CLARK, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Second - Chancellor’s Medallist_. - GEORGE OSBORNE MORGAN, Balliol College, Oxford, _Craven - University Scholar_, while yet in the Sixth Form of - Shrewsbury School. - J. G. FUSSELL, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Epigrams_. - J. G. FUSSELL, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Latin Essay_. -1845 JAMES RIDDELL, Balliol College, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Lit. Hum._ - H. DE WINTON, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - GEORGE NUGEE, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Sir Peregrine - Maitland’s Prize for Christian Essay_. -1846 GEORGE OSBORNE MORGAN, Balliol College, Oxford, _Sir R. - Newdigate’s Prize for English Poem_. -1847 GEORGE OSBORNE MORGAN, Worcester College, Oxford, _First - Class_, _Lit. Hum._ -1848 H. C. TAYLER, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne Medal_, - _Epigrams_. -1849 WILLIAM OWEN, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Recorded - Second to Craven University Scholar_. - WILLIAM OWEN, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Marquis - Camden’s Gold Medal for Latin Poem_. - FRANCIS KEWLEY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. -1850 T. CLAYTON, Trinity College, Oxford, _Hertford University - Scholar_. - WILLIAM OWEN, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - P. PERRING, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Browne’s Medal_, - _Greek Ode_. - G. O. MORGAN, Worcester College, Oxford, _English Essay_. - G. B. MORLEY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - G. O. MORGAN, University College, Oxford, _Eldon Law - Scholarship_. - H. C. A. TAYLER, Trinity College, Cambridge, _Latin Essay_. -1852 S. H. BURBURY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - D. TRINDER, Exeter College, Oxford, _Mrs. Denyer’s - Theological Essay_. - J. L. BALFOUR, Queen’s College, Oxford, _Ellerton’s - Theological Essay_. - HENRY PARKER, Fellow of Oriel College, Oxford, _Latin - Essay_. - W. INGE, Worcester College, Oxford, _First Glass - Moderations_. -1853 EDWARD L. BROWN, Trinity College, Cambridge, _First Bell’s - Scholar_. - S. H. BURBURY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _Craven - University Scholar_. - S. H. BURBURY, St. John’s College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - W. INGE, Worcester College, Oxford, _First Class_, _Lit. - Hum._ - A. B. ROCKE, Christ Church, Oxford, _First Class_, - _Moderations_. -1855 E. L. BROWN, Trinity College, Cambridge, _The Porson - Prize_. - -Cambridge First Class Classics. - -1824 Edward Baines, Christ College 4th -1825 John Price, St. John’s College 3rd - John Hodgson, Trinity College 5th - Frederick E. Gretton, St. John’s 7th - College -1827 BENJAMIN HALL KENNEDY, St. John’s SENIOR. - College - George A. Butterton, St. John’s College 3rd -1828 T. W. Peile, Trinity College 2nd -1829 Horatio S. Hildyard, Peterhouse 5th - Robert Smith, St. John’s College 6th - Thomas Butler, St. John’s College 7th -1831 CHARLES KENNEDY, Trinity College SENIOR. - Charles J. Johnstone, Caius College 4th -1832 Richard Shilleto, Trinity College 2nd - Edward Broadhurst, Magdalen College 7th -1833 James Hildyard, Christ College 2nd -1834 GEORGE F. KENNEDY, St. John’s College SENIOR. - Edward Warter, Magdalen College 4th -1835 George F. Harris, Trinity College 3rd - John Cooper, Trinity College 7th -1836 Geo. Hy. Marsh, St. John’s College 2nd - William H. Bateson, St. John’s College 3rd - Richard Edward Turner, Trinity College 6th -1837 W. GILSON HUMPHRY, Trinity College SENIOR. -1838 George A. C. May, Magdalen College 3rd - Henry Thompson, St. John’s College 7th - William Parkinson, St. John’s College 8th -1839 Augustus W. Hopper, Trinity College 6th -1840 FRANCIS FRANCE, St. John’s College SENIOR ÆQUAL. -1841 EDWARD M. COPE, Trinity College SENIOR. - John Bather, St. John’s College 2nd - Henry Thring, Magdalen College 3rd -1842 Hugh A. J. Munro, Trinity College 2nd - Francis Morse, St. John’s College 7th -1843 GEORGE DRUCE, St. Peter’s College SENIORS ÆQUAL. - - EDWIN H. GIFFORD, St. John’s Coll. -1844 William G. Clark, Trinity College 2nd -1846 H. De Winton, Trinity College 3rd -1848 J. E. B. Mayor, St. John’s College 3rd -1849 H. C. A. Tayler, Trinity College 4th -1851 J. W. Taylor, St. Peter’s College 12th -1852 ROBERT BURN, Trinity College SENIOR ÆQUAL. - Philip Perring, Trinity College 4th - W. Chandless, Trinity College 5th - Arthur White, Magdalen College 16th -1854 S. H. Burbury, St. John’s College 2nd - G. M. Campbell, St. John’s College 7th - H. Day, St. John’s College 9th - -Cambridge Wranglers. - -1808 W. H. Parry, St. John’s College 16th -1809 John Evans, Clare Hall 6th - W. R. Gilby, Trinity College 7th -1811 R. W. Evans, Trinity College 7th -1824 W. Crawley, Magdalen College 27th -1826 John Hodgson, Trinity College 16th -1827 George A. Butterton, St. John’s College 8th -1828 T. W. Peile, Trinity College 18th -1830 CHARLES WHITLEY, St. John’s College SENIOR. - Edward Yardley, Magdalen College 40th -1834 Henry Trentham, St. John’s College 13th -1835 Francis Procter, Catharine Hall 30th - John Cooper, Trinity College 33rd -1836 W. Twiss Turner, Trinity College 15th - Thomas E. H. Headlam, Trinity College 17th -1837 Alexander J. Ellis, Trinity College 5th - William Gilson Humphry, Trinity College 27th -1838 H. J. Hodgson, Trinity College 24th - G. A. C. May, Magdalen College 36th -1840 Henry Cadogan Rothery, St. John’s College 19th -1843 Edwin H. Gifford, St. John’s College 15th -1851 J. S. Clarke, St. John’s College 11th -1854 B. W. Horne, St. John’s College 4th - H. Day, St. John’s College 5th - S. H. Burbury, St. John’s College 15th - -The structure is large, lofty, and of freestone, and surrounds two sides -of a small quadrangle. The portion immediately fronting the street was -erected in 1630, and contains on the first and second floors dwelling -houses for the assistant masters. The upper story is entirely occupied -by - - -THE PRINCIPAL SCHOOL-ROOM, - - - [Picture: Principal School-Room] - -and was originally divided into three apartments by wooden carved -partitions, now removed. The centre of this front is pierced by a -gateway, adorned on each side with a Corinthian column, supporting -statues of a scholar and graduate, bare-headed, and in the costume of the -times. Over the arch is a sentence in Greek from Isocrates, importing -that a love of literature is essential to the formation of a scholar. -Above are the arms of Charles I. The windows, with the exception of a -large pointed one in the style of the 14th century, at the south-end of -the principal school-room, are all of the square form of the Elizabethan -age. The walls are crowned with a singular and clumsy battlement of -curled leaves and pinnacles. - -Situated at right angles to this is the remaining wing of the edifice, -originally erected in 1595, comprising the chapel and library, with the -tower containing the staircases in the angle. - -The Chapel, in which prayers are read by the headmaster every morning, -occupies the ground floor, and is divided from the ante-chapel, by an oak -screen, carved in the grotesque manner prevalent in the days of -Elizabeth. The pulpit and BIBLE-STAND are in a similar style. The -ceiling is adorned with carved foliated bosses, interspersed with the -arms of the founders, and of the first and late head-masters. - - [Picture: Bible Stand in the Chapel] - -Above the chapel and of the same size, is - - -THE LIBRARY, - - - [Picture: The Library] - -containing a very valuable and extensive collection of MSS. and books. -This part was lately rebuilt and repaired at a considerable expense. Two -large pointed windows, filled with mullioned tracery, afford light to -this venerable apartment; in the northern one of which are the arms of -Edward VI.; Queen Elizabeth; St. John’s College, Cambridge; the See of -Lichfield and Coventry impaling Cornwallis; and those of the town: and in -the southern one, those of the four principal benefactors, with -appropriate inscriptions in Latin. Richly foliated bosses, the arms of -the founders, visitors, and thirteen first trustees, decorate the -ceiling. Around the walls are portraits of Henry VIII. half-length; his -son Edward VI. when a boy of ten or twelve; an Admiral, full length, in -the dress of the time of Charles II.; five of the former head-masters, -and the late head-master, Bishop Butler, by Kirkby. - -By the late scheme made by the Court of Chancery, (1853) a sum not -exceeding £70 yearly, is to be applied to the purchase and repairs of -Books, Mathematical, Philosophical and other instruments and articles for -instruction. - -We would venture to suggest the propriety of persons educated at -Shrewsbury School, or natives of the town and county, presenting to the -Library copies of any works which they may publish. Such a practice -would at once form an interesting memento of their connection with the -venerable institution, and add to the valuable and useful stores already -accumulated on its shelves, which in former years have been so greatly -enriched by similar benefactions. - -The Library also contains three sepulchral inscribed stones, and various -other Roman antiquities from Wroxeter, and a small collection of fossils -and natural curiosities. - -A court, enclosed by a stone wall, intervenes between the street and the -schools. At the back of the school-buildings are two spacious houses for -the head and second masters, most delightfully situated, and commanding -extensive views of several portions of the town, the river and Welsh -bridge, and the rich woods of Berwick and Almond Park. On this side are -extensive play-grounds for the use of the school. - -Passing down Castle Gates, we have on our right - - - -THE INDEPENDENT MEETING-HOUSE, - - -and see immediately before us - - - -A BRIDGE - - -of cast-iron of 64 feet span, which carries over the street five lines of -rails of the Chester Railway. - -On the right - - - -THE STATION - - -of the United Railway Companies opens to view. - -This striking and handsome building is in a late perpendicular English -style, and presents a frontage of upwards of 150 feet in length, and two -stories in height, with a large square tower nearly 70 feet high, in -which is one of the principal entrances, through a large four-centered -arched doorway, above which is an oriel window projecting from a richly -ornamented base, and a circular opening, within which is an excellent -eight-day clock, with the latest improvements, manufactured by Messrs. -Joyce and Son, of Whitchurch, in this county. A richly carved -battlement, with octagonal turrets at the corners, of considerable -elevation, terminates the summit. - - [Picture: Railway station] - -On either side of the tower extends a large wing, divided into four equal -spaces by projecting turrets, corresponding with those of the tower, -surmounted with ornamental caps. These spaces are subdivided again -horizontally above the heads of the upper and lower windows by enriched -string-courses. Above the cornice a rich embrasured parapet runs the -whole length of the edifice. The ridge of the roof is finished with an -ornamental cast-iron crest. The windows are divided by stone transoms -and mullions, with projecting drip-stones, terminating in corbel heads. - -The ground floor is appropriated to booking offices, ladies’ and -gentlemen’s waiting rooms, and a large refreshment room. Beneath the -ground-floor are a large kitchen, cellars, &c. A board-room and offices -for the various officers and clerks, occupy the upper floor. - -In the left wing, as the visitor approaches, is a door opening into the -booking and parcel offices: At the end of the right wing an entrance to -the arrival and departure - - -PLATFORMS, - - -respectively 600 feet and 450 feet in length, and 16 feet wide. A -wrought-iron roof of 70 feet span covers the platforms and lines of rails -for a space of 450 feet. - -The water required for the use of the Station, Engines, and Carriages, is -conveyed in iron pipes along the rim of the railway from high ground in -the neighbourhood of Hencott, (60 feet above the level of the rails at -the Station,) to a large iron tank near the Station, whence a constant -supply can be immediately obtained in the event of fire breaking out. - -The Goods, Engine Station, and Coal Depôts of the Shrewsbury and Chester -Railway are situated between Coton Hill and the General Passenger -Station, with convenient access from the Castle Foregate Street, where an -abundant supply of Welsh Coal and Lime is always on hand. - -Branch lines diverge from behind the railway platforms, which pass under -Howard Street to the Canal Wharf, where is the Depôt of the Shropshire -and Staffordshire Coals and Cokes. - -The Station House and Offices were designed by Mr. Thomas Penson, jun. of -Oswestry. The Engineering works by Messrs. Robertson and Baylis. The -former cost £6,000, the latter about £45,000, and the Goods, Engine, -Station, and other necessary works, above £20,000. - -The total cost of the above works, together with the Viaduct over the -river Severn, and the brick Bridge over Cross Street, including land and -buildings, exceeds £100,000. - -The whole of the works have been executed by Mr. Brassey, the Contractor, -under the direction of Mr. James Baylis, the resident Engineer, at the -joint expense of the four Railway Companies whose lines unite in -Shrewsbury. - -The Railway to Chester was first opened October 12th, 1848. The line to -Birmingham, November 12th, 1849. The line to Hereford was opened to -Ludlow, April, 1852; and throughout, October 31st, 1853. - -Turning on the left, immediately opposite the entrance to the Railway -Station, we pass on the same side, the Road leading across the Raven -Meadow to Mardol. This meadow is now converted into a spacious and -convenient - - - -SMITHFIELD, OR CATTLE MARKET, - - -a great boon to the town, inasmuch as the Fairs were previously held in -the open streets, to the great annoyance, in point of cleanliness and -convenience, of inhabitants and passengers. - -The works with the site cost about £13,000, and are capable of affording -accommodation for 700 horses, (with extensive trial grounds for the -same), 1,400 cattle, 5,000 sheep, and 1,000 pigs, with suitable -receptacles for sheep and cattle coming to town previously to the fairs -which occur on the alternate Tuesdays in every month. - -Here are also held the Agricultural Shows, which are considered to equal -those of most places where similar exhibitions have been established; and -a Great Horse Fair is held annually in March. - -A little further on the right, we pass the - - - -RAILWAY BRIDGE - - -over Cross Street, a piece of beautiful brick-masonry, and approach the -river Severn, on the margin of which are - - - -THE SHREWSBURY WATER-WORKS, - - -established in 1830, in 347 shares of £50 each, for the purpose of -affording the inhabitants a constant supply of river water, at a -reasonable rate. - -The Town is also gratuitously supplied with excellent spring water, from -a fine spring called Broadwell, in a field near Crow Meole, distant about -two miles, conducted by pipes to conduits placed in convenient situations -in the principal streets. - -On the right-hand side are - - - -THE ROYAL BATHS, - - -and immediately beyond, on the same side, stands - - - -BENBOW PLACE, - - -the birth-place of the renowned John Benbow, Vice-Admiral of the Blue; -the details of whose gallant bravery are so familiarly known to all as to -render their recapitulation here unnecessary. - -Proceeding a short distance along Coton Hill, we soon reach another of -the - - - -RAILWAY BRIDGES, - - -from which, on the one side, we obtain a good view of the Chester Railway -as far as Hencott Bridge, and on the other side, a comprehensive view of -the various Railway Buildings, backed by a beautiful prospect of the -Town, St. Michael’s Church, the Castle and its wooded Mount, Free -Schools, Spires of St. Mary, and St. Alkmond. {53} - -Retracing our steps, we gain, as we proceed, not unpleasing views of -other portions of the town and its public buildings, and then passing -along Cross Street, under the Railway Bridge, traverse the lengthened and -unsightly suburb of the Castle Foregate, to - - - -ST. MICHAEL’S CHURCH, - - -a neat brick structure, in the Grecian style, erected at an expense -scarcely exceeding £2000 (raised by subscription,) and consecrated on -24th August, 1830, as a chapel of ease to St. Mary’s church. - - [Picture: St. Michael’s Church] - -The plan is oblong, and consists of a nave, side aisles, an elliptical -recess for the altar, and a western tower. The interior is entered on -the north and south, and is lighted by three circular-headed windows on -either side. Over the side-aides are galleries, the sittings in which -are free; and at the west end is a spacious one for the use of poor -children, in which stands a small organ, the gift of the late Rev. W. G. -Rowland, M.A., Minister of St. Mary’s. The same gentleman also most -munificently adorned the windows of the chancel with fine stained glass, -executed by Mr. David Evans, of this town, representing the Nativity, -after Corregio; the Annunciation, after Guido; and the Presentation in -the Temple, after Rubens. To the same unbounded liberality, the -parishioners are indebted for the substantial service of communion plate, -the peal of six bells which hang in the tower, and the erection of the -adjacent schoolrooms for the poor children of this portion of the parish. -The edifice contains 800 sittings, 620 of which are free, and has -recently undergone alterations by which additional “sittings” are -obtained for the already large and increasing population of the district. -The judicious and economical arrangements of the burial ground merit the -attentive consideration of every visitor. - -It would ill beseem us to pass, without honourable mention, the talents -of our ingenious townsman, Mr. David Evans, who, by unwearied exertions, -and consummate skill, has raised the art of glass-staining to a degree of -perfection unequalled in modern times, and nearly approaching, if not -entirely equalling, the rich and mellow tints of the “royal glass” of -ancient days. The numerous and singularly beautiful specimens of his -elaborate labours, visible in the inimitable restorations of the splendid -glass of Winchester and Lichfield Cathedrals, the churches of St. Mary, -St. Michael, St. Chad, St. George, the Abbey, and domestic chapels of the -nobility and gentry, in almost every part of the kingdom, speak, however, -his merits more forcibly to the correct eye and refined taste, than whole -volumes of our feeble encomiums. {56} - -Returning along the Castle Foregate, the more remarkable objects are the -Shrewsbury and Ellesmere Canal, the Manufactory of linen-thread, the Coal -Wharfs, the Gas-Works, and the Goods and Coal Depôt of the Railway, the -New Meeting House of the Wesleyan Reformers, and Buildings of the -Freehold Land Society. - -Passing up Howard Street, on the left-hand side of which is the New -Butter and Cheese Market, we approach - - - -THE COUNTY GAOL, - - -erected in 1793, on the principles of the benevolent Howard, after a -design by Haycock, of Shrewsbury, at an expense of £30,000. The building -is of brick, and is entered by a massive free-stone gate, on either side -of which is a lodge. Over the gateway is a fine bust of Howard, by -Bacon. Immediately behind is the governor’s house; an octagonal chapel -occupies the centre; and the remainder of the structure is divided into -four principal courts, with several smaller ones, around which are -cloisters, with sleeping rooms above for the prisoners, and cells for the -condemned and refractory. The male and female prisoners are kept apart, -and distributed into classes. On the eastern side is the Infirmary, -detached from the other buildings. A strong and lofty brick wall -encompasses the whole. - -The entire structure is strong, spacious, airy, well supplied with water, -and every other necessary; and in point of situation for salubrity and -beauty, vies with any of the adjoining eminences. - -An admirable institution, supported by voluntary benevolence, entitled -“The Prison Charities,” has subsisted within the walls for nearly fifty -years, and has been productive of the most beneficial results. Its -objects are to enable debtors and criminal prisoners, of deserving -conduct, to provide by their industry for their better maintenance during -confinement, and to furnish them with a seasonable supply of money and -tools, for immediate use on their restoration to society. - -Nearly opposite the Gaol is a - - - -BRIDGE - - -consisting of two timber arches, 85 feet clear span each, on the bow and -string principle, which carries the public walk called - - - -“THE DANA” - - -over the Railway Station, along the base of the Castle to the Street -opposite the Free Schools. From the Dana walk a good view of the Station -House and Railway is obtained, bounded by a long extent of the adjacent -country in the back-ground. - -In this direction however we must not proceed, but passing along the -terrace on the south-east side of the Gaol, continue our walk on “the -gentle Severn’s sedgy bank,” at the base of a steep and rugged declivity, -most picturesquely planted and crowned with the Castle’s “worm-eaten hold -of ragged stone,” and the antique gables of the Council House, and -presenting pleasing views of the venerable Abbey, the adjacent suburb of -the Abbey Foregate, and the massive and really grand - - - -RAILWAY VIADUCT - - -over the river Severn, consisting of 7 elliptical arches, 45 feet span, -rising 18 feet above the springings. The Viaduct is quite level -throughout its whole length, in width is 39 feet, and the level of the -rails about 36 feet above the ordinary level of the river. - -Passing under an arch of the Viaduct we see immediately before us the -elegant English Bridge, and arrive at - - - -THE WATERLANE GATEWAY, - - -memorable as the avenue through which the Parliamentary forces were -treacherously admitted into the town, at the siege of Shrewsbury, 22nd -February, 1644–5. - -Advancing up this narrow lane, we leave, on the left, the site of - - - -THE DOMINICAN, OR BLACK, FRIARS, - - -long since cleared of its buildings, and now converted into a wharf, -warehouse, and excellent gardens. These friars established themselves -here as early as 1222, and assumed as their founder Matilda, -grand-daughter and co-heiress of Walter de Lasci, lord of Ludlow, and -wife of Geoffrey de Joinville, of Vaucoulour. - -Edward IV., who, throughout the whole of his reign regarded Shrewsbury -with much affection, selected this religious house as his occasional -residence, and the place in which his Queen was delivered of her second -and third sons, Richard Shrewsbury, (1473–4,) Duke of York, afterwards -murdered in the Tower, and George Plantagenet, who died young. Many -persons of distinguished rank, who fell in the battle of Shrewsbury, -1403, received interment here. - -On levelling the ground in 1823, the foundations of three spacious -apartments, fragments of mullions and pillars, emblazoned tiles, several -skeletons enclosed in rude stone coffins, and great quantities of bones, -were disclosed to view. The site is now the property of the Corbets of -Sundorne. - -The sloping ground rising above the site of this friary, and extending to -the south and south-eastern wall of the town, where the Infirmary and -other houses now stand, was, as we learn from a charter of Henry III., -dated 1227, confirming the possessions of the Abbey of Shrewsbury, given -by “divers citizens of Salopesbury” to the monks of that house “for the -planting of a vineyard:”—a situation, according to the best writers on -horticulture, eminently adapted to the cultivation of the vine. - -Arrived at the top of the Water-lane, we enter, on the left, a -cathedral-like close, in the centre of which the venerable edifice of - - - -ST. MARY’S CHURCH - - - [Picture: St. Mary’s Church] - -uprears its “heavenward spire.” This church, once collegiate, is said to -owe its foundation to Edgar the Peaceable, (959 to 975,) who, at the -suggestion of Archbishop Dunstan, placed in it a dean, seven prebends, -and a parish priest, though there is every probability that the -foundation was antecedent to his reign. In the Saxon times, it possessed -a landed estate of about 1300 acres, which it continued to hold at the -time of Domesday, but of which it was soon after deprived, by what means -we have no power of ascertaining. At the dissolution of collegiate -churches, 1 Edw. VI., the revenues, which consisted chiefly of tithes, -amounted to £42; the greater portion of which was granted in 1550, by -Edward VI., towards the endowment of the Free Schools. - -From a very early period this church enjoyed the privilege of a Royal -Free Chapel, exempt from the jurisdiction of the Bishop. This peculiar -jurisdiction remained till the recent Act of Parliament (1846) restored -it to the Bishop of the Diocese, and was held by lease, at an annual rent -of £1 6s. 8d. of the Corporation, to whom Queen Elizabeth granted it by -charter, dated 23rd May, 1571. The Minister was usually, though not -necessarily, the lessee, and his style was “Ordinary and Official, -Principal of the Peculiar and Exempt Jurisdiction of the Free Royal -Chapel of the Blessed Virgin Mary.” In his Court wills were proved, -letters of administration were granted, and all ecclesiastical matters, -arising within the parish and its subordinate chapelries, adjudicated. -The Official also granted marriage licenses, and licenses to the curacies -of St. Mary and its chapelries. - -The appointment to the living was vested by Act of Parliament, passed in -1801, in the Corporation, who in their choice are directed to give the -preference to the son of a burgess who has been educated at the Free -School, or to one born in the parish of Chirbury, in this county. The -Minister is, _ex-officio_, Public Preacher of the town. - -The parish of Saint Mary includes about a fourth part of the whole town, -nearly the entire suburb of the Castle Foregate, and extends several -miles into the country. - -Within these sacred walls the Pope’s Legatees held their court in 1232, -for the adjustment of the differences subsisting between Henry III. and -Llewellin, Prince of Wales. In 1642, the unhappy Charles I., during his -residence at the Council-House, attended divine service here, received -the Sacrament, and made solemn protestations of his fidelity to the -principles of the reformed religion. - -This fine structure is cruciform, and consists of a nave, side-aisles, -transept, chancel, two chauntry chapels, and a tower at the western end, -crowned with a lofty and elegant spire. In the architecture three very -distinct styles are conspicuous: the Anglo-Norman of the 12th century, in -the basement of the nave, most of the doors, and other portions; the -lancet style of the 13th century, in the chancel and transept; and the -more obtuse arch of the 15th century, in the clere-story, side-aisles, -chapels, &c. with a few trifling additions of later date. - -The dimensions of the church are - - Feet In. -Length from east to west, including steeple 160 0 -Length of transept 90 0 -Breadth of nave and side-aisles 50 0 -Height of steeple 220 2 -Height of steeple from the level of the river 300 0 - -Esteeming this ancient fabric to be the principal ornament of our town, -we deem it necessary to add the following detailed description, which we -trust will prove serviceable to the visitor in his attentive examination -of the building. - -The tower is broad and low, the basement of red stone, and the upper -portion of grey, and of the Anglo-Norman and early pointed styles of -architecture. The entrance is on the west side, through a plain pointed -arch of the very earliest kind, springing from square jambs with regular -impost mouldings, and having an internal arch, nearly triangular, -inserted within the head. On the opposite eastern side, a very early -pointed arch without mouldings, resting on short round Norman pillars -with indented capitals, communicates with the nave. Two tiers of small -round-headed windows pierce the lower stories, on all sides except the -east. The upper story is lighted on each side by two united and handsome -pointed windows, bisected by single mullions, forming quatrefoil heads, -and divided by transoms in the middle. A facia, charged with roses, and -terminating at the angles in projecting grotesque heads, ornaments the -upper and lower portions of this story, which is finished with a plain -embattled parapet, and crocketed pinnacles at the corners. From the -summit of the tower rises an octagonal spire, “fine by degrees, and -beautifully less,” pierced on alternate sides, with three tiers of -tabernacled openings, and crowned with an open flower, cross and vane. -In the tower is a peal of ten bells, the eight largest of which are -extremely melodious. This beautiful tower and spire have been thoroughly -repaired and restored at considerable cost, raised by subscription, under -the superintendence of Mr. S. Pountney Smith, of this town, whose skill, -judgment, and taste, in ecclesiastical architecture, are worthy of the -highest praise. - -The nave and side-aisles, externally in the pointed style of the 15th -century, and of grey stone, are entered on the north and south-west by -beautiful semicircular arches, adorned with chevron, lozenged, and -foliated mouldings. Before the south-west entrance is an ancient porch, -principally of Anglo-Norman architecture; the outer arch of which is -circular, enriched with chevron mouldings, and issues from clustered -columns with foliated capitals. The interior rib is obtusely pointed and -unadorned. On each side is a small pointed window, exhibiting specimens -of the earliest rudiments of the mullioned Gothic style, in which have -been lately placed some highly interesting “roundels” of old painted -glass, of German execution, on which are depicted various incidents, -chiefly from the Apocrypha. The groined ceiling rests on two strong and -plain ribs, crossing in the centre. Over this is a small chamber, with a -plain pointed window. - -A stone porch, entered by a pointed arch, has recently been erected -before the corresponding door, on the north side. - -The nave is separated from the side-aisles by four semicircular arches, -overspread with deep-cut early Gothic mouldings, springing from elegant -clustered columns with foliated capitals of varied and beautiful designs. -This union of the round arch and clustered pillar, which belong to such -different æras, is singular and very unusual in our ancient architecture. -Above is a clerestory, which is continued along the walls of the chancel, -lighted by short double windows, bluntly pointed, and bisected by single -mullions. - -By the pious munificence of the late Minister, the Rev. W. G. Rowland, -the west end has been enriched by an elegant Organ-screen, {67} in the -style of Henry 7th’s time, designed and executed by Mr. John Carline, of -this town. Three obtusely pointed arches, overspread with deep-cut -mouldings and richly foliaged spandrils, and separated by intervening -buttresses elaborately adorned with open flowers in relief set in -reticulated divisions, open to the nave and form the lower portion of the -front. Above which, from a string-course, charged with finely sculptured -heads, flowers, &c. rises the upper part or parapet, consisting of a -series of similar, though smaller arches, divided by slender buttresses, -and filled with the like ornamented reticulations. Around the soffits of -the larger arches are the following inscriptions, in ancient -church-text:— - - Venite Domino exultemus; - Rupi salutatis jubilemus; - Jehovam hymnis concinamus; - Et grates illi persolvamus—Hallelujah. - - Jehovam virgines laudate, - Senes et pueri celebrate; - Psalmis ecclesia sanctorum - Extollat Dominum Dominorum. - - Laudate carminis clamore, - Laudate buccinæ clangore, - Laudate organo sonoro, - Laudate cymbalis et choro. - -This spacious gallery contains a remarkably fine-toned organ, made by -John Harris and John Byfield, 1729. - -The beautiful ceiling of the nave is of pannelled oak, richly studded -with elegant and exquisitely carved pendants and foliated bosses, and -merits the most minute attention, not only on account of its elaborate -workmanship, but as being one of the richest and most highly preserved -specimens of its kind now in existence. - -The side-aisles are each lighted on the sides by three pointed traceried -windows, with smaller and earlier ones at the western terminations, and -communicate at their eastern extremities with the transept, by -semicircular arches, rising from thick round pillars with indented -capitals. - -In the windows of the western ends are figures of St. Andrew and St. -John. The central window of the north aisle contains some beautiful -stained glass from Holland, depicting the following subjects—Holy Family; -Kneeling figure; Balaam and the Angel; the Donor and patron Saint; Adam -and Eve; Mater Dolorosa; Angel appearing to the Shepherds; Disciples -washing each other’s feet:—Justice; Kneeling figure; a Bishop in grief or -disgrace; the Donor’s Wife and patron Saint. The windows on either side -are filled with various ecclesiastical subjects. The central window of -the south-aisle contains part of the history of St. Bernard; that on the -west, the adoration of the Magi; and the east one, St. Helena, Kneeling -figure, and Charlemagne. - -A lofty and graceful pointed arch, including in its span the entire -breadth of the nave, rises from richly clustered piers with foliated -capitals, and divides the nave from the ancient choir. Against the north -pier is a beautiful Stone Pulpit, designed and executed by Mr. S. -Pountney Smith, of this town, and erected by the parishioners as a -Memorial of their late revered Minister, Rev. W. G. Rowland. Its plan is -an unequal octagon, the sides of which are carved into deep-pointed -arches, springing from round pillars with rich foliated capitals, resting -on a basement of gradually receding mouldings, terminated by a richly -carved boss representing the Saviour preaching. The trefoil and the -dog-tooth are the prevailing ornaments throughout. The central panel -towards the south bears a bas-relief of the Crucifixion; the arch on the -east, a statue of St. Peter, and that on the west, St. Paul; the eastern -panel represents the Angels appearing to the Shepherds; the western one, -the Ascension; and the northern arch, the statue of St. John the -Evangelist. - -Eastward of this, on each side, is a similar arch of like dimensions, -springing from the same pier. From these, the wings of the transept, -corresponding in size and style, branch off to the north and south. In -the eastern wall of each wing are two semicircular arches, those nearest -the choir being larger than the others, and communicating with the -chauntry chapels. At each extremity of the transept is a fine triple -lancet window, highly enriched with slender shafts, foliated capitals, -and delicate mouldings, and filled with beautiful stained glass. That at -the north is of a rich and elaborate mosaic design, with oval -compartments, enclosing figures of the Apostles and an escutcheon of the -arms of George III., executed by Mr. David Evans. That at the south -contains the memorial stained glass to the late Rev. W. G. Rowland, -comprising figures of the Virgin and Child, St. Thomas, and St. -Bartholomew, under rich florid canopies, with groups of angels above, -bearing scrolls with inscriptions. The side walls are pierced with -narrow lights, in couplets, in a similar but plainer style; one of which, -on the west side of the north transept, contains the Virgin and Child, -under a canopy; whilst the corresponding window in the south transept -contains the arms of France and England quarterly, and the armorial -bearings of the late Bishop Butler, and the alliances of his family. The -narrow doorways {71} are semicircular, rising from round pillars with -foliated capitals, and enriched with a moulding, consisting of a round -branch, swelling at intervals into lozenged panels, charged with roses. -Under the triple lancet window of the south transept is a large and bold -Gothic monument, in three compartments, to the family of Lloyd, and to -the widow of the late Bishop Butler: and around the walls of the north -transept are placed the splendid Gothic monuments to - - - -THE REV. J. B. BLAKEWAY, - - - [Picture: Monument to Rev. J. B. Blakeway] - -and the families of Dukes, Parry, and Hughes. - -The following is the inscription on the former:— - - TO THE MEMORY OF THE REVEREND - JOHN BRICKDALE BLAKEWAY, M.A. F.S.A. - THIRTY-ONE YEARS ORDINARY AND OFFICIAL, - AND THIRTY-TWO YEARS MINISTER OF THIS PARISH, - THIS MONUMENT IS ERECTED - BY THE VOLUNTARY SUBSCRIPTION OF HIS PARISHIONERS - AS A TRIBUTE OF RESPECT FOR HIS TALENTS, - ESTEEM FOR HIS VIRTUES, - AND GRATITUDE FOR HIS LONG AND FAITHFUL SERVICES - AS THEIR FRIEND AND PASTOR. - HE DIED THE TENTH DAY OF MARCH, MDCCCXXVI, - AGED SIXTY YEARS. - -These exquisite specimens of monumental skill, (together with many others -in various parts of the edifice,) unrivalled in chaste elegance of -design, and richness of execution, are the masterly productions of Mr. -John Carline. - -[Picture: Triple lancet window] The chancel is elevated above the rest of -the church, and is filled with carved oak stalls recently erected for the -scholars of the Free Grammar School. It has on each side a narrow -pointed arch, with deep mouldings rising from clustered pillars, opening -to the chauntry chapels. On the north side near the richly decorated -altar, is a beautiful and uncommon TRIPLE LANCET WINDOW; the central -arch, remarkably acute, rising far above the lateral ones, and resting -internally on two slender insulated columns, with capitals richly -decorated with a combination of heads and foliage. These ornaments are -continued as a frieze to the wall, and from the imposts project busts of -monsters. This window contains some remarkably fine and highly finished -stained glass, representing the history of the life of St. Bernard, said -to be by Albert Durer, or at all events of his age. Another portion of -this glass is in the central window of the south aisle of the nave. The -great eastern window occupies the whole extremity of the chancel. Its -arch is broad and inelegant, divided by clumsy mullions and tracery, and -exhibits a specimen of the debased style of church architecture of the -Elizabethan sera. In this window is the curious and beautiful ancient -stained glass which filled the east window of Old St. Chad’s Church, -prior to its demolition, and which was presented to this church in 1791. -The subject is that favourite one of the old glass-stainers—the Genealogy -of Christ from Jesse. Jesse is represented reclining in sleep; from his -loins springs a vine, which overspreading the whole window, encloses in -its branches the several kings his descendants. In the lower -compartments are figures of three knights banneret, and three ladies, -kneeling under foliated tabernacles; the former habited in hawberks and -yellow surcoats, charged with a lion rampant gules. Underneath is an -inscription, requesting our prayers for “Monsr. John de Charleton and -Dame Hawis, sa companion,” from which, and from the armorial bearings, we -learn that this exquisite piece of ancient art was set up by the great -Sir John de Charleton, lord of Powis, and must have been executed between -4 Edward II., (1310,) when he was married to Hawise Gadarn, the heiress -of the ancient Princes of Powis, and 1353, the year of his death. It has -been conjectured that this glass was originally presented to the Grey -Friars, in this town, to which religious house Sir John and his wife were -great benefactors, and that it was removed to St. Chad’s at the -dissolution—a singular instance of so fragile a material surviving the -destruction of two vast and substantial edifices. The whole of this -window has lately been thoroughly and most judiciously restored. The -clerestory windows are filled with figures of Apostles and Angels. - -On the north side of the chancel is the vestry, recently erected in the -Norman style, the windows of which are filled with “roundels” of old -German and Flemish glass, exquisitely finished; and immediately adjoining -is the chauntry chapel of St. Catharine; in the east wall of which is a -window of very uncommon form, consisting of a pointed arch, within which -is a trefoil, containing, in stained glass, Christ seated on a throne -amid the clouds and the dead rising to judgment. Immediately beneath is -a round-headed window, in which is a kneeling figure in stained glass of -the Virgin Mary, with angels hovering over her head, bearing in their -hands a crown. On the north side is a large window, of three lights, -with perpendicular tracery, containing fine old German glass representing -the Crucifixion; Saint and kneeling figure; Judas betraying Christ; and -St. Lambert and kneeling figure. This chapel is now used as a -Baptistery, and the beautiful ANCIENT STONE FONT stands in the centre, on -a rich pavement of modern encaustic tiles. Against the north wall, an -alabaster slab, engraved with figures of a warrior and lady, commemorates -Nicholas Stafford, Esq. and Katherine, his wife, the reputed founders of -this chapel, who died 1463, which formerly lay under the arched recess in -the north wall. - - [Picture: Ancient Stone Font, St. Mary’s Church] - -Over the door leading into the vestry is the monument, in white marble, -erected by subscription, to the memory of the brave ADMIRAL BENBOW, a -native of the parish. [Picture: Monument to Admiral Benbow] It -represents an obtuse pyramid of black marble, against which leans an oval -medallion full faced bust of the Admiral, surrounded with anchor, flags, -and cannon; and below a delicately sculptured representation in -bas-relief of a naval fight: underneath is the following inscription:— - - ERECTED BY PUBLIC SUBSCRIPTION TO COMMEMORATE - THE SERVICES OF - JOHN BENBOW, ESQ. VICE-ADMIRAL OF THE BLUE, - A SKILFUL AND DARING SEAMAN - WHOSE HEROIC EXPLOITS LONG RENDERED HIM THE BOAST OF - THE BRITISH NAVY, - AND STILL POINT HIM OUT AS THE NELSON OF HIS TIMES. - HE WAS BORN AT COTON HILL IN THIS PARISH, AND DIED AT - KINGSTON IN JAMAICA, - NOVEMBER 4TH, 1702, AGED 51 YEARS, - OF WOUNDS RECEIVED IN HIS MEMORABLE ACTION - WITH A FRENCH SQUADRON OFF CARTHAGENA IN THE - WEST INDIES, - FOUGHT ON THE 19TH AND FIVE FOLLOWING DAYS OF AUGUST - IN THAT YEAR. - -Attached to the south side of the chancel is a large and lofty chapel, in -ancient times variously called “The Leybourne Chapel” and “The Trinity -Aisle.” There is every probability that it was founded about the year -1300, by one of the Leybournes of Berwick, as a place of sepulture for -the family, and was subsequently enlarged into its present form by the -Drapers’ Company of the town, soon after their incorporation in 1461. In -the south-east wall are three stone sedilia, with canopied arches; and on -the north side of the altar, a small locker, once used for keeping the -Eucharist. A fine pointed arch, in the pure style of the 14th century, -communicates with the chancel through the north-east wall. Under this is -an altar, tomb, (probably of SIMON DE LEYBOURNE, lord of Berwick, who -died between 1300 and 1315,) [Picture: Altar-tomb, Simon de Leybourne] -the sides of which are adorned with canopied niches, formerly containing -figures; and on the table reclines the figure of a knight, cross-legged, -and in chain armour. In this tomb the headless corpse of Thomas Percy, -Earl of Worcester, “ill-spirited Worcester,” who was taken prisoner at -the battle of Shrewsbury, 1403, and beheaded, is believed to have been -interred. The windows on the south side contain figures in stained -glass:—commencing eastward the subjects are—St. Christopher, Count Horne, -St. Catherine:—Bishop, Count Horne, St. John, St. Catherine, St. -Barbara:—St. John the Baptist, Angel, Count Horne, Joseph of Arimathea, -and the dead Saviour, St. Anne, Angel, Countess Horne:—Bishop, Countess -Horne, St. James, with armorial bearings of the family of Horne. Several -of these figures are old, the rest are modern, executed by Mr. D. Evans, -after designs by P. Corbet, Esq., of this town. Underneath which is a -rich Gothic monument to Master WIGRAM. - - [Picture: Monument to Master Wigram] - - MAN KNOWETH NOT HIS TIME. - AT THE WEST SIDE OF THIS CHURCHYARD ARE INTERRED THE - MORTAL REMAINS OF - HEATHCOTE WIGRAM, - SECOND SON OF MONEY WIGRAM, ESQ. AND MARY HIS WIFE, - OF WOODHOUSE, IN THE COUNTY OF ESSEX, - HE WAS A PUPIL IN THE ROYAL FREE GRAMMAR SCHOOL OF - THIS TOWN AND WAS DROWNED WHILE BATHING IN THE SEVERN - SEPTEMBER I, MDCCCXXXVIII, AGED XIV YEARS. - THE CONDUCT OF THIS AMIABLE YOUTH HAD GREATLY ENDEARED - HIM TO HIS FAMILY AND FRIENDS - HIS NATURAL TALENTS IMPROVED BY SUCCESSFUL APPLICATION - HAD ALREADY GIVEN PROMISE OF FUTURE EXCELLENCE - WHEN HIS HEAVENLY FATHER CALLED HIM AWAY FROM THIS - EARTHLY STATE OF TRIAL - FOR THE EYES OF THE LORD ARE UPON THEM THAT FEAR HIM - AND HOPE IN HIS MERCY TO DELIVER THEIR SOUL FROM DEATH. - THIS MONUMENT WAS ERECTED BY HIS MASTERS AND - SCHOOL-FELLOWS - TO THE MEMORY OF HIM WHOM THEY LOVED AND LAMENTED - AND FOR THE CONTINUAL ADMONITION OF THE YOUNG IN THIS - CONGREGATION THAT THEY— - REMEMBER NOW THEIR CREATOR IN THE DAYS OF THEIR YOUTH. - -Against the east wall are large gothic monuments to John Jeudwine Esq. -and Thomas Sutton, Esq. and between them is the statue erected by his -pupils, at a cost of eight hundred guineas, to the memory of the late -BISHOP BUTLER. The figure is full-length, clothed in the Episcopal -robes, sitting in an easy and graceful attitude; the right hand hanging -over the chair, and the left supporting the head, which is leaning in -thought. It is of pure white Carrara marble, and was sculptured by F. H. -Baily, Esq. R.A. The pedestal which supports the statue is of -dove-coloured marble from the Clee Hill, and bears the inscription -below:— - - SAMVELI BUTLER, S.T.P. R.S.S. - EPISCOPO LICHFIELDENSI - PRAESVLI PIO DILIGENTI DESIDERATO - PRAECEPTORI IN PRIMIS DOCTO AC SOLLERTI - CVIVS FAVSTIS ADMINISTRATA CONSILIIS - SCHOLA REGIA SALOPIENSIS - LITERARVM STVDIIS LAVDEM OMNEM SVPERGRESSA EST - DISCIPVLI MVNICIPES AMICI ET FAVTORES EIVS - VIRO EGREGIE MERITO - HONORIS EXEMPLIQVE CAVSA POSVERVNT - A.S. MDCCCXLIV. - - [Picture: Statue to Bishop Butler] - -Dispersed in various parts of the edifice will be found many monuments of -modern date, some of which bear elegant inscriptions. - -The northernmost of the windows immediately above, is filled with stained -glass representing our Blessed Saviour receiving young children, and -figures of Charlemagne and Edgar below, and in the window adjoining, is -the Adoration of the Magi, and figures of Alfred and David below, the -latter the gift of Daniel Rowland, Esq. brother of the late Incumbent. - -On the exterior western wall of the tower are some quaint verses, -recording the death of Robert Cadman, who, on 2nd February, 1739, rashly -attempted to slide down on his breast along a rope, extended from the -summit of the spire to the opposite side of the river. The rope being -drawn too tight snapped asunder as he was passing over the Dominican -Friars, and he fell lifeless on the ice-bound earth. - -On the south-west side of the church-yard lies Lieutenant Thomas -Anderson, one of the last persons executed for adherence to the Stuart -family. He was tried at Worcester for desertion, and shot here on 11th -December, 1759. - -On the west side, “grav’d in the hollow ground,” close to the tomb of the -Rev. J. B. Blakeway, also repose the ashes of that amiable man, and -indefatigable antiquary, Mr. David Parkes, who died 8th May, 1833, of -whom there is a mural tablet in the Trinity Chapel. And also on the -north-east side, those of the late zealous incumbent, the Rev. J. O. -Hopkins, M.A. over which is a stone bearing the following inscription:— - - JOHN OLIVER HOPKINS, M.A. - INCUMBENT OF THIS CHURCH, DIED AUGUST 1ST, 1853, - IN HIS 43RD YEAR. - - “BE YE ALSO READY FOR IN SUCH AN HOUR AS YE THINK NOT, - THE SON OF MAN COMETH.”—MATT. XXIV. 44. - -Westward of the church-yard are - - - -ST. MARY’S ALMSHOUSES, - - -the safe asylum of feeble age and decent poverty. This foundation arose -from the benevolence of the Worshipful Company of Drapers of this town, -at a very early period; and was remodelled during the wardenship, of that -company, of Degory Watur, a worthy burgess and draper of Shrewsbury, in -the days of Henry IV., who, is believed (though whether on sufficient -grounds is uncertain,) to have charitably devoted a portion of his -substance to the erection and endowment of an almshouse, for thirteen -poor persons of both sexes. This beneficent man is said to have “dwellyd -in the almeshowse hall amongst the poor,” and a truly affecting sight -must it have been to behold the pious old man, white with “the silver -livery of advised age,” deprived of sight, and bowed with the weight of -ninety-six years, daily accompanying the participators of his bounty to -St. Mary’s church, where he “wold kneele amongst them in a fayre longe -pewe made for them and hym selfe,” and offer up the grateful incense of -thanksgiving to that Eternal Being, with whom there is no respect of -persons. The good Degory - - “Even in the downfall of his mellowed years, - When Nature brought him to the door of death,” - -forgot not the objects of his charity, but in his will, dated on the day -of his decease, 28th July, 1477, devised certain lands to the Wardens of -the Drapers’ Company to “sufficientlie susteyne poore people in St. Mary -Allmeshowse.” Other charitable individuals made subsequent additions to -the endowment. - -The almshouses originally stood within the churchyard, and were confined, -unwholesome, and highly incommodious to the thoroughfare. In 1825 they -were entirely removed, and the present comfortable habitations erected on -the opposite side of the street, by the Drapers’ Company, at an expense -of nearly £3000. The houses are sixteen in number, and the inmates, who -must be parishioners of St. Mary’s, are appointed by the Drapers’ -Company, and supported by them, at an annual expense of upwards of £100. - -In an ancient timber house in the south-west corner of the church-yard, -is - - - -THE DRAPERS’ HALL. - - -This curious and spacious apartment retains many features of the good old -fashioned days. Elevated on a dais, “richlie dyghte withe blazon’d -tyle,” stands the massive oaken table at which the Company hold their -meetings, and below at right angles, is another table, which in former -times was wont to groan beneath the solid cheer, with which the worthy -drapers feasted their tenants and dependents. A rudely carved muniment -chest occupies the lower end, and portraits of the excellent Degory Watur -and his spouse, and of King Edward IV. “The Royal Founder of their -Companie,” decorate the dark and gloomy wainscot. - -The Drapers were incorporated by Charters of Edward IV. and James I. and -their Company is recognized by several subsequent Acts of Parliament. -Seven years’ apprenticeship to a member of the company is the necessary -qualification for admission, though foreigners may be admitted on payment -of a fine, at the discretion of the company. Their income, which chiefly -arises from lands originally purchased by the voluntary contributions of -the members, is considerable, and is expended in the support of the -inmates of St. Mary’s Almshouse, in liberal subscriptions to the -charitable institutions of the town, and in relief to the widows and -families of deceased members. - -The traffic in Welsh woollen-cloths, the staple trade of the place during -three centuries, is now very inconsiderable, the market formerly held -here every Thursday having been long since removed to Welshpool and -Newtown in Montgomeryshire. - -The next object which demands our attention is - - - -THE SALOP INFIRMARY. {86} - - - “Here all have kindness, most relief—for some - Is cure complete,—it is the SUFFERS’ HOME.” - - [Picture: Salop Infirmary] - -This excellent institution was established in 1747, for the humane -purpose of affording skilful medical assistance to the suffering poor, -and is most munificently supported by the voluntary subscriptions and -benefactions of the county. According to the last report the total -number of persons who have received the benefit of this useful charity -since its commencement, are,—In-patients 65204; whereof 32298 have been -cured, and 25156 relieved; Out-patients 138039, of whom 98376 have been -cured, and 24700 relieved. The yearly number of patients is 1277 -in-patients, and 4835 out-patients. Several of the physicians and -surgeons of the town most humanely afford their valuable advice and skill -gratuitously; and in order that medical aid may always be ready in cases -of emergency, a surgeon, retained at a salary, is constantly resident in -the house. The pecuniary and ordinary concerns of the institution are -superintended by a board of directors, consisting of eight trustees, the -deputy treasurer, and secretary. The domestic economy is regulated by a -matron. Two of the subscribers, weekly attend as house-visitors. The -Chaplain the Rev. J. Lewis reads prayers daily and visits the sick in the -wards. A treasurer is also annually appointed, who, on the anniversary -day in the Hunt week, is accompanied to church by the subscribers and -patrons of the charity, where, after a sermon, a collection is made in -aid of the funds; the plates on this occasion, being held by two ladies -and two gentlemen of rank or opulence. - -The house surgeon is allowed to take three pupils at a premium of 20 -Guineas to himself, and 200 Guineas to the Infirmary, which entitles the -pupil to board and residence for five years. Attendance at this hospital -is recognized by the Royal College of Surgeons, and the Apothecaries’ -Company, London. - -There is a Library of about 3000 volumes, to which the best new medical -works are yearly added by purchase. - -The present building was erected in 1830, on the site of the Old -Infirmary, after a design by Mr. Haycock, of this town, at an expense of -£18,735 18s. 10d. of which £12,994 1s. 3d. was raised by subscription, -and the remainder disbursed from the funded property of the charity. - -It is constructed of freestone, in the Grecian style, is 170 feet in -length by 80 feet in height, and has a handsome portico in the centre, -supported by Doric pillars. The disposition of the interior is adequate -to the accommodation of from 150 to 160 in-patients, and comprises four -stories. The various offices, in number twenty-two, are arranged in the -basement; the ground floor is appropriated to the board-room, dispensary, -rooms for the admission of patients, the house-surgeon and matron’s -apartments, and two wards for surgical cases; the first floor has seven -wards for male patients, with day-room, scullery, and baths; the upper -story contains a spacious operation room, with wards for female patients -on each side; and in the attics are four other wards, with nurses’ rooms, -&c. A staircase, at either end, communicates with spacious galleries -extending the length of each story. A proper ventilation is kept up -through the whole structure, and an uniform temperature preserved by a -patent hot-water apparatus, which likewise affords a constant supply of -warm water. The walls of the board-room are decorated with the portraits -of Sir Rowland Hill, Bart., General Lord Hill, and Lord Clive, the -armorial bearings of the successive treasurers, and the tables of -benefactions. - -The spacious terrace on the eastern side, commands an extensive view of -unequalled richness and beauty. The eye, after dwelling on the nearer -objects of the rugged declivities of the Castle Mount,—the Railway -Viaduct over the Severn,—the majestic ruins of the Abbey,—the stately -grandeur of the White Hall,—the elegant Column,—and the venerable church -of St. Giles—wanders uninterruptedly over an extensive tract of fertile -and finely wooded country, bounded by the long ridge of Haughmond Hill, -the Wrekin, the Acton Burnell, Frodesley, and Stretton Hills. - -Opposite St. Mary’s turnstile, at the corner of Church Street, stands - - - -JONES’S MANSION, - - -the front of which is now obscured by modern erections, though portions -of its lofty gables are still visible from the street. This house was -built by Thomas Jones, Esq., called the _Rich Jones_, (the uncle of Sir -Thomas Jones, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas,) who, after serving -the office of Bailiff six times, was appointed by Charles I., in 1638, -the first Mayor of Shrewsbury. In 1624 he also served the office of -Sheriff of the county. Subsequently the mansion became the residence of -the Chief Justice Jones. In 1642, during Charles I. stay in Shrewsbury, -the Duke of York was lodged here, and Prince Rupert also made it his -residence after the battle of Worcester. - -In the adjacent street, Dogpole, is - - - -THE CHURCH OF ENGLAND LITERARY AND SCIENTIFIC INSTITUTE, - - -instituted with the object of affording to the young men of the town the -means of acquiring general and scientific knowledge, by the formation of -a library, delivery of Lectures, and establishment of Classes for French, -Germany Drawing, &c., and an opportunity of spending their leisure hours -profitably in a Reading Room supplied with the London and local -Newspapers, and several of the leading Reviews, Magazines, and -periodicals devoted to mechanical and artistical subjects. There is, -also, a Debating Society connected with the Institution. The -subscription is 15s. per annum, with free admission to the Lectures, -Library, and Reading Room, the latter of which is open from 12 at noon to -10 o’clock at night, every day, (Sundays excepted.) - -Behind the wainscot of the dining-room of a house situate a little below -the Institute in Dogpole, now the property and residence of Dr. Henry -Johnson, Senior Physician to the Salop Infirmary, and known in ancient -documents by the name of - - - -“THE OLDE HOUSE,” - - -was recently discovered an ancient painting, on canvas, fixed upon a -board forming the mantelpiece over the fire-place of the room. In the -centre is a shield of arms, France and England quarterly, surmounted by a -royal crown, and on either side a pomegranate and Tudor rose (white and -red conjoined), twice repeated. The ground of the whole dark-maroon, -ornamented or damasked with white wavy feathery embellishments. Above, -on the plaster of the wall, is a rude painting of heavy scroll-work -ornaments; and it is thought that the rest of the walls, if the wainscot -were removed, would be found covered with similar paintings. - -In the absence of all positive evidence, conjectures can only be hazarded -as to the cause of these arms, &c. having been placed here. - -One thing, however, is certain that they are connected, in some way with -Queen Mary, daughter of Henry VIII. and Queen Katherine of Arragon, -inasmuch as the pomegranate was first introduced as a royal badge of -England, upon Katherine’s marriage with prince Arthur, son of Henry VII. -Now if we consider this painting contemporary with an inscription on the -wainscot of the adjoining drawing-room, “PETRVS ROBERTS M M SECO 1553,” -and interpret it thus, “PETRVS ROBERTS MARIÆ MATERNITATEM SECO, 1553. I -Peter Roberts decide (the question of) the maternity or legitimacy of -Mary, 1553.” Then we may regard it as a loyal demonstration on Mary’s -accession to the English throne by some one of those many friends and -adherents who so warmly sympathised in her early adversity, in the -unjustifiable degradation of her royal mother and her own consequent -exclusion from the succession to the throne. - -If, however, the painting is considered to be anterior in time to the -inscription on the wainscot, and such really appears to be the case from -the style of the wainscot, then it may be connected with the possibility -of the Court of the Marches of Wales, over which Mary presided in 1525, -with the title of “Princess of Wales,” having been held here, since the -Council House, where the Court usually sat afterwards, was not built till -1530; or it may be the memorial of an unrecorded visit of Queen Mary to -our town; or the residence of one of her household, or of some member of -the Council, amongst both of whom were many Cambrian names, and the -following,—Ap Rice, Baldwyn, Basset, Bromley, Burnell, Burton, Cotton, -Dod, Egerton, Pigot, Rocke, Sydnour, Salter, more or less connected with -Shrewsbury; or it may have been the mansion of one of the many Welsh -families of distinction, with whom Mary formed an intimacy during her -residence in the Marches; or, as the crest of the Rocke family still -remains on the leaden water-piping, and who in later times are remembered -to have resided therein, it may have been the mansion of Anthony Rocke, -who was a servant of Queen Katherine, and a legatee in her will to the -amount of £20; and of whom the Princess Mary thus writes in one of her -letters:—“For although he be not my servant, yet because he was my -mother’s, and is an honest man, as I think, I do love him well, and would -do him good.” - -Which of these guesses may be the true solution, we are unable at present -to decide. - -We now pass down Church Street to - - - -ST. ALKMUND’S CHURCH, - - - [Picture: St. Alkmund’s Church] - -founded in the early part of the 10th century, by Ethelfleda, daughter of -the great Alfred, and lady of Mercia, who endowed it with eleven manors. -Edgar the Peaceable added other lands and possessions, and placed here a -dean and ten prebends. At the time of Domesday the church held in -Shrewsbury twenty-one burgesses, twelve houses for the canons, two of the -hundred hides, for which the city paid Dane-geld, besides nine of the -above manors, (the other two having been unjustly wrested from it, and -fallen into lay hands,) in all, about 4020 acres, of which 620 were in -demesne, and a rent of £8 8s. 8d. received for the remainder, which, with -other rents of the amount of 13s. 8d. produced a revenue rather exceeding -£500 of modern currency. Part of these estates, held of the church by -Godebold, a Norman priest, and subsequently by his son, Robert, persons -in great esteem with our Norman earls, were involved by some means in the -confiscation of the property of the last Earl, Robert de Belesme, and -fell into the hands of Richard de Belmeis, Bishop of London, to whom -Henry I. had entrusted the government of Shropshire. On the death of -this prelate in 1127, the king granted them to the Bishop’s nephew, -Richard de Belmeis, also Bishop of London, and canon of this church. In -his possession they did not long continue, for in 1147 he effected the -dissolution of the college of St. Alkmund, and with the consent of King -Stephen and Pope Eugenius III., transferred his own and all the other -prebendal estates, to augment his brother Philip de Belmeis’s recent -foundation of Lilleshall Abbey, in this county, by which means the -benefice sank from a collegiate establishment into a poor vicarage. - -After the dissolution of Lilleshall Abbey, the vicarage continued in the -crown until 1628, when Charles I. sold it to Rowland Heylin, Alderman of -London, a zealous member of a society for founding lectureships in -populous towns, and augmenting small livings. On the suppression of this -society in 1663, on the supposition of its being favourable to -puritanical principles, St. Alkmund’s, with the other advowsons, -purchased by the society, became vested in the crown, in whose patronage -it still remains. - -The old church was a spacious structure, exhibiting specimens of -ecclesiastical architecture, from the Anglo-Norman period to the middle -of the sixteenth century. The original form was a cross with nave, side -aisles, transept, chancel, and western tower, but from the subsequent -erections of chauntry chapels, the external elevation was very irregular. -On the sudden fall of St. Chad’s Church, in this town, an unfounded -apprehension of the instability of this curious building was excited and -cherished in the breasts of the parishioners. Deliberations were -speedily set on foot, and with ill-judged haste it was resolved to -demolish the venerable structure, and erect a new church of more -contracted dimensions on a part of the site. The strength and firmness -of the masonry of the ancient but undecayed walls presented almost -insurmountable obstacles to the efforts of the workmen employed to rend -them asunder, and convinced the parishioners, when too late, of their -premature folly. {97} - -The present church was opened for divine service on 8th November, 1795, -and cost in the erection £4000. It is of freestone, in the style usually -denominated Modern-Gothic. The interior, though destitute of the solemn -majesty of gothic edifices, is handsomely fitted up, and well arranged -for the accommodation of a numerous congregation. In the gallery at the -west end, is a small but well-toned organ, by Gray of London, erected by -subscription in 1823. The east window contains some modern stained -glass, emblematical of Evangelical Faith, painted by the elder Eglinton. - -Of the old church the only portion which escaped destruction was the -western steeple, erected probably as late as the Dissolution. It -consists of a slender, but well-proportioned square tower of three -chambers, flanked by light double angular buttresses, gracefully -diminishing in their ascent, and finished on the summit by broaches or -semi-pyramidal abutments. From this rises a spire of the finest -proportions, brought to an exquisitely taper point, and crowned by an -open flower. This has recently been repaired and restored by Mr. S. P. -Smith. Under the tower, an elegant pointed arch, recessed within a -square opening, leads to the interior; on each side are the remains of -holy water niches. Above is a handsome pointed window, with delicate -mullions, containing in ancient stained glass, preserved from the old -church, the arms of France and England quarterly, and those of Richard -Sampson, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry. The bell-story contains a -light peal of eight bells, cast by Bryan of Hertford, in 1812, and is -lighted by four semicircular windows. - -Of the ancient tombs and monumental brasses which abounded in the old -edifice, none are preserved in the present structure, which contains no -memorial worthy of note, with the exception of a tablet to Chief Justice -Jones, and one to the late Rev. R. Scott, B.D. - -The parish comprises only a small part of the town, but contains many -insulated portions of the neighbourhood. - -Strong foundations of red stone are extensively visible in the houses and -walls on the north-west side of the church yard, which may possibly be -the remains of the Saxon college. - -Immediately adjoining, at the top of the Double Butcher Bow, is a lofty -timber house, conjectured to have been - - - -THE GUILD HOUSE OF THE FRATERNITY OF THE HOLY CROSS, - - -which anciently existed in the church of St. Alkmund. - - [Picture: Guild House of the Holy Cross] - -This curious tenement, now occupied as several dwellings, forms two sides -of a square, and with the exception of its square windows, entirely of -Gothic architecture of the fifteenth century. - -The projecting stories are supported by elegant springers, enriched like -the principal timbers, with carvings of small pointed arches, with -trefoil and other ornaments. A cloister of obtusely pointed wooden -arches, overspread with rich carvings and delicate mouldings, runs along -the ground-story of the front. - -Contiguous to St. Alkmund’s is - - - -ST. JULIAN’S CHURCH. - - - [Picture: St. Julian’s Church] - -of whose early foundation in the Saxon times, we possess no particulars. -According to Domesday, it held before the Conquest half a hide of land in -the city. It was a rectory and royal free chapel with a peculiar -jurisdiction, and appears to have been annexed, at a very early period, -to the chapel of St. Michael, in the castle. In 1410 the rectory was -granted, amongst other things, by Henry IV., to augment his new -foundation of Battlefield College, and thenceforth this living became a -mere stipendiary curacy. On the dissolution of that college, St. -Julian’s was granted by the crown, in 3rd Edward VI. to John Capper and -Richard Trevor, and after numerous subsequent transfers, passed into the -family of Prince, from whom it has descended to the present patron, the -Earl of Tankerville. - -The parish comprehends the Wyle, the Wyle Cop, and under the Wyle, and -considerable disjointed portions extending wide into the country. - -The present church, erected in 1749, on the site of an ancient irregular -structure which had become ruinous, is an oblong Grecian building of -brick and stone. The interior is handsome and conveniently fitted up. -Four Doric pillars on each side of the nave support the ceiling, which is -curved and decorated with considerable effect with carved foliated -bosses, preserved from the beams of the old church. Over the side -aisles, and at the west end, are commodious galleries, in the latter of -which is an organ by Fleetwood and Bucer, erected by subscription in -1834. In the central light of the large Venetian window in the chancel, -is a figure of St. James in ancient stained glass; and in the side lights -are the royal arms, and those of Lichfield and Coventry impaling -Cornwallis. The galleries on the north and south are lighted by large -circular-headed windows, containing the arms of Queen Elizabeth, the -town, and the families of Bowdler, Prynce, and Bennett. - -The only existing portion of the old church is the slender square tower -at the west end. The basement is of red stone, and has on its eastern -side a remarkably acute and lofty arch opening to the nave. From this -rises a superstructure of grey stone in the style of the 16th century; -the upper chamber of which is lighted on every side by a broad short -pointed mullioned window. Above is a frieze of quatrefoil pannels, with -grotesque water-spouts projecting from the angles. An embattled parapet, -enriched with eight crocketed pinnacles, crowns the summit. In the tower -are six bells. - -On the exterior of the south wall of the tower is a sculptured stone from -the old church, representing St. Juliana within a foliated tabernacle. - -The south side of the church was, in 1846, stuccoed over, stone pillars -inserted between the windows, and surmounted with a cornice and stone -parapet. - -The church-yard next the street was also enclosed by a pierced parapet -stone wall, and the entire structure substantially repaired at the -expense partly of the parish and of the late Rev. R. Scott. - -The edifice contains only one monument of any antiquity; a coarse marble -slab, inscribed in Longo-bardic capitals, to a member of the family of -Trumwin, of Cannock, in Staffordshire. - -The modern memorials most worthy of remark, as recording men “useful in -their generation,” are those to Mr. John Allatt, the beneficent founder -of Allatt’s School; Mr. Robert Lawrence, the public-spirited coach -proprietor, to whose exertions we owe the great Holyhead Road, and the -establishment of the first mail coach to this town;—and to the -elegant-minded Hugh Owen, Archdeacon of Salop, one of the learned authors -of the “History of Shrewsbury.” - -We now reach - - - -THE TOP OF THE WYLE, - - -the upper part of the street now called “The Wyle Cop,” which is believed -to have been the part first inhabited by the Britons, and was in the -immediate vicinity of their Prince’s palace, which occupied the site of -Old St. Chad’s church. After the Saxon invasion the town gradually -increased towards the north, as is evident from the situation of the -churches of St. Alkmund and St. Mary, the former founded in the -beginning, and the latter at the end of the 10th century. - -On the right-hand side of the Wyle Cop, three doors below the Lion Hotel, -is an - - - -OLD TIMBER HOUSE, - - -in which Henry VII. is reported to have lodged during his short stay in -the town, immediately previous to the battle of Bosworth. For the good -services which Henry experienced from the burgesses on this occasion, he -remitted, on his accession to the throne, ten marks annually for fifty -years, of the fee farm at which they held their town, and exempted them -from all taxes and contributions. The intercourse which had begun thus -favourably was kept up in after years by Henry, who, with his queen and -son, frequently visited this town, upon which occasions they were feasted -by the Bailiffs in a most royal and hospitable manner. - -Opposite to St. Julian’s church is - - - -SHEARMANS’, OR CLOTHWORKERS’ HALL, - - -an ancient red stone building, of whose original erection no particulars -are now extant. The high gabled west end fronts the High Street, and -displays a pointed window of the 14th century, long since deprived of its -mullions. On the east and south sides are remains of similar windows. -The interior, formerly in one apartment, is now converted into a -dwelling-house and warehouses. - -The business of the Shearman consisted in dressing the Welsh webs, by -raising the wool on one side. In the reign of Elizabeth great numbers -were employed in this process; but subsequent discoveries proving it to -be injurious to the texture of the cloth, it was gradually laid aside. -Few, if any, Shearmen now remain in our town. The precise date of their -incorporation is unknown, though doubtless it was at a very early period. - -From entries in their ancient books dated 7th, 8th, and 9th, Edward IV. -we learn that the Company constituted the Guild or Fraternity of the -Blessed Virgin Mary, whose chauntry was in the north aisle of St. -Julian’s Church. From the same documents we find that it was the custom -on their festival day, to erect in front of their Hall, a May-pole or -green tree, thence called “the Shermen’s Tree;” the bringing in and -fixing of which was accompanied with much festivity and expensive -jollity. The ceremonies observed on these occasions, doubtless bore -considerable resemblance to those practised at the erection of the -May-pole on May-day, as described by old writers, when - - “Forth goth all the court both most and lest, - To fetch the floures fresh, and braunch and blome.” - -During the reign of Puritanism these pastimes caused great disgust to the -professors of those principles, and strenuous efforts were used to -suppress “the Shermen’s Tree.” Disturbances consequently ensued, in -which the Bailiffs of the town appear to have espoused the cause of the -Puritans, and even directed their Public Preacher to deliver sermons -against the merriment of our honest forefathers. - -Adjoining the south side of the Shearmen’s Hall is a large and curious -old timber house, called - - - -THE OLD POST-OFFICE, - - -which forms with it a court, entered from the street by a gateway. These -premises were erected in 1568 by George Proude, draper, bailiff in 1569, -and member of a family formerly of considerable note in our town. - -We now approach the only remaining portion of - - - -OLD ST. CHAD’S CHURCH, - - -consisting of the Lady Chapel on the south side of the choir. The two -semicircular arches, still visible in the masonry of the outer walls, -communicated with the choir and south transept. The north-west angle is -flanked by the great south-eastern pier of the central tower, and at the -opposite corner are the remains of a staircase buttress. The southern -and eastern sides are each lighted by two pointed windows, three of which -are divided by elegant trefoil tracery. The south-western window is -plainer, and of an earlier date than the rest. On the outside of the -north wall are three stone stalls, with groined roofs, originally on the -southern side of the altar, and used by the officiating clergy during the -celebration of the mass. The roof is of a plain oak panelling. - - [Picture: Old St. Chad’s Church] - -This chauntry chapel was first erected in 1496, but having subsequently -fallen into decay was nearly re-edified in 1571, at the expense of -Humphrey Onslow, Esq. of Onslow, in this parish, for the reception of the -altar tomb, (now in the Abbey Church,) of his nephew the Speaker Onslow, -who died at Onslow during a visit to his uncle. After the Reformation it -acquired the name of the Bishop’s Chancel, from being used as a -consistory court at the visitations. Its present use is as a receptacle -for the monumental memorials rescued from the wreck of the old church. - -This church, when perfect, was a plain heavy, solid pile, totally devoid -of ornamental sculpture on the outer walls, and from its situation on a -commanding eminence, presented from a distance, a fine, solemn, -cathedral-like appearance. It was cruciform, and comprised a nave, side -aisles, transept, choir, a broad low central tower, and chauntry chapels -north and south of the choir. The architecture was chiefly of the -Anglo-Norman and lancet styles of the 13th century, with some subsequent -additions of the 15th and 16th centuries. {109} - -Early in the summer of 1788 considerable fissures were observed in the -north-western pier of the tower, which continuing to increase, Mr. -Telford was employed to examine and report the cause. On inspection, it -was discovered that the foundations had been undermined by graves -heedlessly made too near the walls, and that the pier, in consequence, -had given way; that the tower and the whole of the north side of the nave -were in a most dangerous state, and the chief timbers of the roof -decayed. He recommended that the tower should be immediately taken down, -the pier rebuilt, and the other parts of the fabric properly and -substantially secured. This reasonable advice through ill-judged economy -was fatally rejected, and a stonemason employed to cut away the infirm -parts of the pier, and to underbuild it, without lessening any of the -incumbent weight of the tower and bells. The workmen accordingly -commenced, and proceeded in their operations for two days; but on the -third morning, July 9th, 1788, just as the chimes struck four, the -ruinous pier gave way, the tower was instantly rent asunder, and falling -on the roofs of the nave and transept with a tremendous crash, involved -those parts in one indescribable scene of desolation and horror. Many -portions of the building still remained standing but so great was the -panic occasioned by the catastrophe that they were all immediately taken -down, with the exception of the present chapel. - -The collegiate establishment of St. Chad consisted of a dean, ten secular -canons, and two vicars choral, and was founded soon after the subjugation -of Pengwern, in the 8th century, by Offa, king of Mercia, who, as -tradition states, converted the palace of the kings of Powis into his -first church. In Edward the Confessor’s time, this church held twelve -hides of land, which it retained at the compilation of Domesday. Between -the years 1086 and 1326, other considerable possessions were acquired by -the college, so that at the dissolution their revenues amounted to the -clear yearly sum of £49 13s. In 34th Henry VIII. on the apprehension of -a dissolution, the last dean, Sir George Lee, granted a lease of the -deanery, (with the exception of certain tithes previously disposed of) to -Humphrey Onslow, Esq. for sixty-one years, at a rent of £10, and a -payment of £4 6s. 8d. to a curate to celebrate divine service in the -church. On the dissolution of colleges, 2nd Edward VI., the crown leased -the collegiate property to George Beston, Esq. for a term of twenty-one -years; and two years afterwards, without any notice being taken of that -gentleman’s interest, it was appropriated to the Free Schools, in which -it is now vested. - -The living, though properly a curacy, has long been styled a vicarage, -and is in the patronage of the crown. The incumbent is always the -mayor’s chaplain. - -This parish is by far the largest in the place, comprising very nearly -half the town, and a great extent of the surrounding country. - -The day-spring of the Reformation early visited our town. In 1407, -Master William Thorpe, a priest, came to Shrewsbury, and mounted the -pulpit in St. Chad’s church, from whence he boldly condemned the -favourite tenets of popery. Thorpe was in consequence thrown into -prison, subsequently conveyed to Lambeth, and after a confinement of -several months convened before the Archbishop of Canterbury at Saltwood, -on a complaint exhibited against him by “the bailives and worshipful -cominalte” of this town. In his examination he candidly admitted the -charges laid against him, but adhered to his opinions with manly and -unshrinking steadiness. Of the result of the trial and his subsequent -history we possess no account. - -In the year 1394, this church, which had at that time a wooden steeple -covered with lead, was consumed by accidental fire, which extended its -ravages to a great portion of the town, then chiefly consisting of timber -houses with thatched roofs. The damage sustained was so considerable, -that Richard II. remitted the payment of the fee farm of the town for -three years towards the repairs. - -In 1490, Henry VII., accompanied by his queen and son, Prince Arthur, -kept the feast of St. George, (April 23,) in this church. In 1581, Sir -Henry Sidney, President of the Council of the Marches, as a Knight of the -Garter, kept the feast of St. George, (April 23,) in this town, with -great splendour. He marched in solemn procession from the Council House -to St. Chad’s Church, the choir of which was fitted up in imitation of -St. George’s Chapel, Windsor, and the stalls decorated with the arms of -the Knights of the Garter. Sir Henry sat in his proper stall, near that -reserved for the Queen; in passing which he bowed with the same respect -as if her Majesty had actually been present. On the conclusion of divine -service Sir Henry devoted the afternoon to feasting the burgesses. - - - -THE COLLEGE OF ST. CHAD - - -adjoined the south-western extremity of the church. Its buildings, now -converted into three handsome houses, are so entirely modernized, that -scarce a vestige is visible, except a portion of the wall adjacent to the -church-yard. The outer walls of its precinct may be traced to a -considerable distance in the neighbouring gardens. - -North of the church-yard, in a close passage called “the Sextry,” are -some old timber buildings, once communicating with the church by a -covered passage over the street. These were, as is supposed, the -dwellings of the Vicars Choral. In this old tenement the attendants of -Henry VII. were lodged during his visit to the town in 1496, when the -Bailiffs entertained him in almost sumptuous and royal manner. These -premises were subsequently used as - - - -THE MERCERS’ HALL, - - -though the Company have long since ceased to hold their meetings here. -The Company of Mercers, on their union with the Ironmongers and -Goldsmiths, received on May 11, 1480, a confirmation of their -composition, from Edward V. then Prince of Wales, and resident in -Shrewsbury. This fraternity were patrons of the Altar of St. Michael in -St. Chad’s Church. - -On the south side of the church-yard are - - - -ST. CHAD’S ALMSHOUSES, - - -wretched hovels, projecting considerably into the adjoining street of -Belmont. They were founded in 1409, by Bennet Tipton, a public brewer, -then residing at the College, who, so far as can be ascertained, did not -make any provision for the support of the almspeople. An annual -rent-charge of £8, charged upon the Lythwood estate by the family of -Ireland, and a payment of 2s. 2d. from the Mercers’ Company, constitutes -the whole endowment, which is distributed in allowances of 14s. 7½d. per -annum to each of the inmates. These tottering habitations, from the want -of a fund for judicious repairs, are capable of affording little comfort -or accommodation to the infirm tenants, who are nominated by the -proprietors of the Lythwood estate. - -Opposite to the almshouses are - - - -THE JUDGES’ LODGINGS, - - -a handsome house, purchased by the county in 1821, and appropriated to -the accommodation of the judges and their retinue during their attendance -at the Assizes. - -Passing down College Hill, we have on our right the south elevation of -the Public Rooms. In this spot previously stood the remains of - - - -VAUGHAN’S PLACE, - - -an ancient stone mansion, erected in the early part of the 14th century, -by Sir Hamo Vaughan, knight, of West Tilbury, in Essex, or by his father, -Sir Thomas Vaughan, knight, of Stepney, members of an old Welsh family, -probably of the illustrious lineage of Owen Gwyned. By marriage with -Eleanor, daughter and heiress of Sir Hamo, Reginald de Mutton, member of -a family conspicuous among our early Bailiffs, acquired this property, -which thenceforth became, for many generations, the town mansion of the -Myttons, and by whose descendant, the late John Mytton, Esq. of Halston, -it has been sold. The spacious hall and adjacent apartments now contain - - - -THE MUSEUM - - -of the Shropshire and North Wales Natural History and Antiquarian -Society. - -This Society was established on the 26th June, 1835, and has for its -object the formation of a Museum and Scientific Library of Natural -History, Antiquities, &c. and the collection from every quarter, of -accurate information respecting the Natural and General History of the -important District of Shropshire and North Wales—its topography, -statistics, climate, and meteorological phenomena—its geological -structure, mineral, and organic fossils—its mines and collieries—its -various animal and vegetable productions. - -In order to place the Institution on the most liberal basis, and to -render it of the greatest possible public advantage, the property of the -Society is vested in the Lords Lieutenant, (for the time being,) of the -county of Salop, and of the several counties of North Wales, as Trustees -for the permanent use and benefit of the district at large; by which -arrangement the perpetuity of the Institution is secured, and the -possible dispersion of the Museum, at any future period, effectually -guarded against. - -The affairs of the Society are under the management of a Council, -consisting of a President, and other Officers, elected annually, and -twelve Members, of whom six retire by rotation. - -All persons proposed to the Council by two Subscribers, and contributing -One Guinea annually, are Members of the Society, and have the privilege -of admission for themselves and families to the Museum and library, and -of introducing Visitors. - -To diffuse a taste for Science, periodical meetings of the Society are -held, at which scientific communications are read, and popular lectures -on the various branches of Natural History delivered. - -In addition to the more local objects of the Society, the Museum is open -to the reception of any specimens from distant localities, with which the -friends of science in various quarters may be induced to enrich it, and -which may serve to complete the series, and enhance the scientific value -of those indigenous to the district. For this purpose the Council have -authority to effect exchanges of the natural products of Shropshire and -North Wales, for specimens furnished by the Cabinets of Societies, or -Individual Collectors in other parts of the world. - -A General Meeting of the Society is held in August, in each year, at -which the officers are elected, the Annual Report of the progress of the -Society is read, and an appropriate Address delivered by the President. - -The Museum and library are open every day, (Sunday excepted); during the -summer months, from ten o’clock in the morning until six o’clock in the -evening; but in the winter are closed at four o’clock in the evening. - -In the same building is - - - -THE GOVERNMENT SCHOOL OF ART AND DESIGN, - - -for the purpose of “establishing classes for acquiring elementary -instruction in Art, in connexion with existing Public Schools and -Institutions, with a view of diffusing a knowledge of Art among all -classes of the public, whether artisans, manufacturers, or consumers, and -for preparing students for entering the Schools of Art heretofore known -as Schools of Design.” - -On some part of this property it is supposed the chapel, dedicated to St. -Blase, formerly stood. - -Turning to the left we proceed down Swan Hill, near the bottom of which, -on the right-hand side is - - - -THE INDEPENDENT MEETING-HOUSE, - - -a brick building, of an oblong form, erected in 1767. - -Immediately adjoining is - - - -ALLATT’S CHARITY SCHOOL, - - -erected in 1800, pursuant to the will of Mr. John Allatt, thirty-eight -years chamberlain of the Corporation, who died 2nd November, 1796, and -bequeathed his property for the education and clothing of the children of -the more respectable classes of poor persons resident in the town, and -for providing coats and gowns for a considerable number of indigent men -and women. The structure is of freestone, plain but elegant, and -comprises commodious houses for the schoolmaster and mistress, connected -by arcades with spacious school-rooms. - -The interest of the money unexpended in the building of the schools is -applied to the maintenance of a master and mistress, who instruct twenty -boys, and the same number of girls, in reading, writing, arithmetic, and -the girls in sewing. They are clothed once a year, and at a proper age -apprenticed. Twenty coats and eighty stuff gowns are also annually -distributed to the poor. - -Proceeding on the left along Murivance, we soon arrive at - - - -EBENEZER MEETING-HOUSE, - - -erected in 1834, by a congregation of seceders from the Wesleyan -Methodists. - -Contiguous to this is the only remaining - - - -TOWER ON THE TOWN WALLS, - - -It is square, embattled, of two stories, lighted by narrow loops, the -entrance to the upper being from the top of the wall, through a small -plain pointed arch of the age of Henry IV. A similar arch forms the -doorway of the lower story. - - [Picture: Tower on the Town Walls] - -The more accessible parts of the Town Walls, particularly on the south -and south-western sides, were formerly strengthened by similar towers, -all of which are now demolished. - -At a short distance further on, a considerable portion of - - - -THE TOWN WALLS, - - -now reduced in height and stripped of its battlements, forms an useful -and agreeable public walk. This and the Walls on the north side of the -town, called Roushill Walls, extending from the Castle Gates to the Welsh -Bridge, are all the existing remains of our ancient fortifications, -which, when entire, could not have been much less than a mile and half in -compass. - -At the end of the walls, on the left, is - - - -THE ROMAN CATHOLIC MEETING-HOUSE, - - -a neat building, erected in 1776, and enlarged in 1825. The interior is -fitted up with much taste and elegance. The altar rests on a -sarcophagus, on the front of which is a painting of the Last Supper, -after Leonardi da Vinci. Above is a figure of Christ on the Cross, with -the inscription “Thus God loved the world.” The roof is coved and rests -on a broad cornice, consisting of angelic figures in relief united by -wreaths and garlands of flowers. In the gallery is a small organ, and on -each side the entrance an elegant white marble shell for the holy water. - - - -BOWDLER’S CHARITY SCHOOL - - -next demands our attention; a plain brick building, founded in 1724, -pursuant to the will of Mr. Thomas Bowdler, alderman and draper, for the -instruction, clothing, and apprenticing poor children of St. Julian’s -parish. The dress of the children is blue, whence the school is -sometimes called “The Blue School.” - -Passing at the bottom of the Wyle a curiously carved timber house, -formerly the mansion of the highly respectable family of Sherar, we cross -“swift Severn’s flood” by - - - -THE ENGLISH, OR STONE BRIDGE. - - -This elegant structure was completed in 1774, after a design of Mr. -Gwynn, a native of the town, at an expense of £15,710, of which £11,494 -was raised by voluntary subscriptions. It is of freestone, 400 feet in -length, and comprises seven semicircular arches, the central one being -sixty feet in width, and forty in height, and is crowned with a fine -balustrade. The fronts are embellished with light and graceful -ornaments. The ascent, owing to the height of the central arch, is -disagreeably steep, and the breadth of the thoroughfare, (only -twenty-five feet,) highly inconvenient to the innumerable carriages and -passengers which are continually passing over it. - - [Picture: English Bridge] - -The Old English Bridge, built probably by the Abbots and Burgesses -conjointly, was taken down on the completion of the present one. It was -constructed on seventeen arches, and extended over the main stream, and -also an arm of the river now filled up, which crossing the road, flowed -past the monks’ infirmary into the Meole Brook. The principal course of -the river was extended by six large arches. Within two arches of the -eastern extremity, was a gate and strong embattled tower, with chamber -and portcullis, and beyond a drawbridge. The thoroughfare was of the -extremely narrow width of twelve feet, and was greatly encumbered with -houses built on the northern parapet. - -We now enter the little hamlet of - - - -MERIVALE, - - -where, on the left, are still seen several specimens of the timber -architecture of our forefathers, and on the right stands - - - -THE PUBLIC SUBSCRIPTION CHARITY SCHOOL, - - -called also the “Brown School,” from the brown dress of the children, -erected in 1778. Children from all quarters of the town are admissible -on the recommendation of subscribers, and an useful religious education -is afforded to them on the Madras system. - -The Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway here crosses the street by an - - - -IRON BRIDGE, - - -with pierced balustrades, springing from stone abutments. - -Our attention is next attracted by the venerable remains of - - - -THE ABBEY OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL. - - -which owes its foundation to Roger de Montgomery, the first Norman Earl -of Shrewsbury, and arose on the site of a small wooden church dedicated -to St. Peter, built in the reign of Edward the Confessor, by Siward, a -Saxon gentleman, then resident in Shropshire. The earl peopled his abbey -with monks of the Benedictine rule, whom he invited over from a religious -house founded on the estates of Mabel, his first Countess, at Seez, in -Normandy. During his last illness the warlike founder entered himself a -monk of his own foundation, and received the tonsure on the 14th July, -1094. He had previously obtained from the Abbey of Clugni, in Burgundy, -the kirtle of St. Hugh, which holy vestment he occasionally wore, -doubtless in anxious hope of its communicating some portion of the -sanctity of its former possessor. Three days after his assumption of the -monastic garb he breathed his last, and was honourably interred in the -Lady Chapel, between the two altars. His son Hugh, the second earl, who -was slain by Magnus, King of Norway, near Castell Aber Lleiniog, in -Anglesea, in the year 1098, also received interment in the cloisters. - -On the confiscation of the Earldom of Shrewsbury, in the reign of Henry -I., our Shrewsbury Abbots, became tenants in capite, and were thenceforth -under the necessity, (as it was deemed in those days,) of attending the -King in his Parliaments, as Barons or Peers of Parliament, which honour -was continued to them by Edward III., who limited the number of mitred or -Parliamentary Abbots to twenty-eight, and enjoyed by them down to the -Dissolution. - -In 1137, during the Abbacy of Herbert the third Abbot, the monastery was -enriched through the exertions of the prior, Robert Pennant, by the -acquisition of the bones of the martyred Virgin St. Wenefrede, which were -translated from their burial place at Gwytherin, in Denbighshire, and -placed with becoming solemnity in a costly shrine, prepared for their -reception in the Abbey church. To this shrine, countless numbers of -pilgrims and diseased persons continually resorted to pay their -devotions, and to experience cures, which, according to assertion, must -have been little less than miraculous; and the wealthy vied with each -other in the costliness of their offerings. In addition to these -treasured bones, the Monks appear to have possessed, in the reign of -Henry II., a most extensive and varied assortment of other reliques, -doubtless of equal value and efficacy. In 1486, the Abbot Thomas Mynde, -incorporated the devotees, both male and female, of St. Wenefrede, into a -religious Guild or fraternity founded by him in her honour. A great bell -was also dedicated to her memory. - -During the various visits with which the English Sovereigns from time to -time honoured our town, it is highly probable that they took up their -residence in the Abbey, and there can be little doubt that the Parliament -of Edward I., 1283, {126} and that of Richard II., 1398, called the Great -Parliament, were held within the spacious apartments of the monastery. - -The original endowment was very slender, but within a century and half -after the foundation the abbatial property comprised seventy-one manors -or large tracts of land, twenty-four churches, and the tithes of -thirty-seven parishes or vills, besides very extensive and valuable -privileges and immunities of various kinds. In 26 Henry VIII. their -possessions were found to be of the yearly value of £572. 15s. 5¾d. equal -to upwards of £4700 in the present day. The monastery was dissolved on -24th January, 1539–40, and pensions assigned to the Abbot, Thomas -Boteler, and the seventeen monks. - -On the dissolution the burgesses presented a petition to the crown that -the Abbey might be converted into a college or free school, which request -Henry refused to accede to, alleging as a reason his intention of -erecting Shrewsbury into one of his proposed thirteen new bishoprics. -The diocese was to have comprehended the counties of Salop and Stafford, -and the endowment to have consisted of the monastic revenues. We learn -from undoubted authority that John Boucher, Abbot of Leicester, was -actually nominated Bishop of Shrewsbury; {127} and hence doubtless arose -the appellation of “Proud Salopians,” founded on the tradition that our -townsmen rejected the offer of having their borough converted into a -city, preferring to inhabit the First of Towns. - -On the 22nd July 1546, Henry VIII. granted the site of the dissolved -Abbey to Edward Watson and Henry Herdson, who, the next day, conveyed the -same to William Langley of Salop, tailor, in whose family it continued -for five generations until 1701, when Jonathan Langley, Esq. devised it -to his friend Edward Baldwyn, Esq., who by will dated in 1726, devised it -to his sister Bridget, the wife of Thomas Powys, Esq. for life, with -remainder successively in tail male to her sons Henry, Edward, and John -Powys. In 1810 the premises were sold by the Trustees of the will of -Thomas, Jelf Powys, Esq. eldest son of the above named Edward Powys, to -Mr. Simon Hiles, in whose devisees they are now vested. - -The living is a vicarage, and prior to the dissolution was in the -presentation of the monastery, but after that event it remained in the -crown, until 1797, when it was transferred to the Right Honourable Lord -Berwick, in exchange for certain advowsons in Suffolk. - -From time immemorial certain lands in the Parish were given to and vested -in the Churchwardens and their successors “for the maintenance and -repairing of the Churches of the Holy Cross and St. Giles, and of either -of them.” Consequently there has never been any need of a Church-rate. -The lands, &c. are chiefly let out upon long building leases, and the -present annual income is about £150, which upon the falling in of the -several leases will of course be greatly increased. The Vicar and -Churchwardens are a Corporation, with the power of making leases, &c. of -the landed possessions of the said Churches, and have a common seal which -is appended to such documents. The seal is kept in a chest secured by -three locks, and the keys are severally in the possession of the Vicar -and the two Churchwardens. It is of brass, of the _vesica piscis_ form, -and has in the centre a baton or mace, and on either side a clothed arm -projecting towards the centre, that on the dexter side holding a pastoral -crook, that on the sinister side, a naked sword: the ground-work studded -with stars, and around the margin this inscription, * S COMMVNE DE -FFORYATE MONACHOR’. This seal was, according to an entry in the Parish -Book, “viewed and confirmed” by the Heralds, 16 Sept. 1623, for which -10s. was paid. - -The site of the Abbey comprises ten acres. An embattled wall surrounded -probably the whole. Of the once stately monastic buildings the remains -are inconsiderable, and consist of the Church, the Infirmary, the -Dormitory, the Reader’s Pulpit of the Refectory, the Guesten Chamber, and -the Cloister of the Abbot’s Lodging. - -The space of ground on the east of the present church, containing 7300 -square yards, known lately by the name of “The Abbey Garden,” whereon -formerly stood the Choir and Lady Chapel of the monastery, was in 1840 -consecrated as a public Cemetery. - -The present parochial church of THE HOLY CROSS embraces within its walls -the nave, side aisles, north porch, and western tower of the Abbey -church. It is principally constructed of red stone, and though bearing -deep marks of mutilation, is still venerable and spacious, and exhibits -many curious and interesting features of ancient architecture. The -principal entrance is at the west end under the tower, through a pointed -doorway, richly laced with mouldings, skilfully inserted within a deeply -recessed semicircular arch, the exterior rib of which springs on each -side from a Norman pillar with indented capital. Immediately above rises -a magnificent and elegantly proportioned window, its sides and arch -enriched with delicate mouldings; in the deep hollow soffits of which is -a series of pannels, having foliated arch heads. The outer mouldings of -the arch rise high above it, forming a spring canopy, enriched with -crockets, and ending in a flower; from which again springs very elegantly -a niche or tabernacle, with a high straight-sided canopy, flanked with a -small pinnacle at each impost, containing a figure of Edward III. in -complete armour. The body of the window to the spring of the arch -contains two stories, divided horizontally by embattled transoms, and -perpendicularly by six upright mullions into seven compartments. The two -central mullions, as they approach the spring of the arch, bisect the -head into smaller arches on each side, and these are further subdivided -into others, which are uncommonly acute, the interstices of all filled -with several tiers of small open pannelled tracery, mingled with -trefoiled and quatrefoiled foliage, in beautiful and varied profusion. -To the angles of the tower are attached square shallow piers, ending in -pointed canopies, and midway of each is a niche, containing statues of -St. Peter and St. Paul. Two small double windows light each side of the -upper story of the tower, the summit of which is terminated by an -unsightly battlement of brick. - - [Picture: Abbey Church, or Church of the Holy Cross] - -The eastern portion of the nave is separated on either side from the -side-aisles by three semicircular arches, resting on short massive round -pillars, with shallow bases and filletted capitals, in the plainest and -earliest Anglo-Norman style. Above, the remains of the triforium of the -ancient church may be distinctly traced. The western portion has, on -each side, two pointed arches in the pure Gothic of the 14th century, -delicately lined with mouldings, and rising from well-proportioned -clustered pillars, with capitals composed of a series of small horizontal -mouldings. A clere-story, pierced with handsome Gothic windows, crowns -this part of the edifice; and similar windows are continued along the -north and south sides of the tower. - -A lofty and graceful pointed arch, springing from high clustered imposts, -opens from the nave to the tower, and affords a view of the fine west -window; the upper portion of which is filled with the armorial bearings -of Richard II.; his uncles, the Dukes of Gloucester, Lancaster, and York; -and the alliances of the noble families of Fitzalan and Stafford, Earls -of Arundel and Stafford, and the lower part with those of the late -Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Howley, William Lord Berwick, patron, the -Rev. R. Lingen Burton, vicar, Dr. Butler, Bishop of Lichfield, Archdeacon -Bather, and Rev. Richard Scott, (the donor). The whole area of the tower -is occupied by a capacious gallery, erected in 1817, for the -accommodation of the children of the National School, in which stands a -fine-toned organ, made by Gray of London, and purchased by subscription. - -The eastern extremity of the nave is terminated by a wall, built between -the two great western piers which once supported the central tower, in -which is inserted a fine triple Norman window, {133} elaborately adorned -with mouldings, containing figures of David, Solomon, St. John, St. -James, St. Peter, and St. Paul, executed by Mr. David Evans with his -usual taste. Underneath this window is a stone altar screen, composed of -an arcade of five Norman arches, with rich and varied mouldings, -surmounted by a pierced balustrade. The central arch contains a painting -of the Angels appearing to the Women at the Sepulchre, by Mr. John -Bridges, of London. The holy table is fenced by a STONE RAILING, uniform -in style. The whole of the stone work of the eastern portion, together -with the windows on the south aide of the church, were designed and -executed by Messrs. Carline and Dodson of this town, through the pious -liberality of the late Rev. R. Scott, B.D. - - [Picture: Abbey Church, eastern end] - -The western ends of the side aisles are separated from the church, and -used as a vestry and schoolroom. At their eastern extremities are the -arches which communicated with the transept, now blocked up and pierced -with square-headed windows, in which are some ancient shields of arms, in -stained glass, preserved from the monastic buildings. The north-east -window of the north aisle contains a large figure of St. Peter, the arms -of the See of Lichfield, of Lord Berwick the donor, and of thirteen -incumbents since the Reformation. The opposite window of the south aisle -is of a rich mosaic design, enclosing shields of the marriages of the -family of Rocke. - - [Picture: Stone Railing, Abbey Church] - -The remnant of the screen of a chauntry chapel, in the north aisle, -decorated with a series of small foliated niches, each divided by a -buttress and finial, and containing traces of sculptured imagery, appears -to indicate the situation of the chauntry of the guild of St. Wenefrede. - -The ancient and curious font originally belonged to the church of High -Ercall, in this county. In the pavement, near the vestry-door, are many -interesting specimens of emblazoned tiles; and a font, the basin of -which, representing an open flower, wound with drapery festooned from the -mouths of grotesque heads, was found among the ruins of the Abbey, and is -fixed on a pedestal formed of the upper part of the ancient cross, called -the “Weeping Cross,” and sculptured with the Visitation, the Virgin and -Child, the Crucifixion, and a figure in the attitude of devotion. - -Communicating with the north aisle by a fine semicircular arch, -overspread with massy round mouldings, rising from clustered piers, is -the spacious vaulted north porch. The exterior portal is formed by a -deeply recessed square opening, the mouldings of which fall over the -angles far down the sides, ending in mutilated busts. Within this is a -graceful pointed arch, rising from a round column on each side. Above -are two chamber stories, each lighted by a small window. On the right -and left, a tabernacled niche, extends the whole height of the upper -stories. An ill-designed stone parapet crowns the gable. - -And now - - “let’s talk of graves, of tombs and epitaphs;” - -of which many ancient ones, either found among the ruins, or removed -hither on the demolition of other sacred edifices in the town and county, -are preserved in the ample side-aisles; the more remarkable of which, we -shall briefly enumerate in the order of their supposed dates:— - -[Picture: Monument to Roger de Montgomery, Abbey Church] Under an arch in -the south aisle, a mutilated figure of a warrior in the costume of the -reign of King John, found among the ruins, and said to represent the -founder, Earl ROGER DE MONTGOMERY. - -In the north aisle, a cumbent figure, brought from St. Chad’s, of a -person in the robes and coif of a judge. - -In the south aisle, a monument brought from St. Giles’ church, of the -shape en _dos d’ane_, and probably of the early part of the thirteenth -century. The sculpture consists of a rich foliated cross, in high -relief: under which is a figure in priestly vestments with uplifted -hands, also in relief, and the insignia of the priestly office, the -chalice, bell, book, and candle, in outline. Round the edge of the stone -are the letters, T : M : O : R : E : U : A. - -Opposite to the last, a cumbent effigy of a cross-legged knight, in -linked armour and surcoat, removed from the priory church of Wombridge, -in this county, and conjectured, from the tradition of that -neighbourhood, to commemorate Sir Walter de Dunstanville, the third lord -of Ideshale, a great benefactor of that priory, who died 25th Henry III., -1240. - -In the north porch, two very singular figures, which originally lay on a -large double altar-tomb in the style of the fifteenth century, in old St. -Alkmund’s church. One represents a knight in plate-armour of the -fifteenth century, partly covered with the monastic dress, and the other -a person in the dress of a hermit of the Romish church. - -Near the founder’s tomb in the south aisle, an alabaster altar-tomb, -bearing recumbent figures of a man, “plated in habiliments of war,” and -his wife, originally erected in Wellington church, in this county, to -William Charlton, Esq. of Apley Castle, who died the 1st July, 1544, and -Anne his wife, who died the 7th June, 1524. - - [Picture: Altar-tomb of Richard Onslow, Esq., Abbey Church] - -At the eastern extremity of the north aisle, a large altar-tomb with -cumbent effigies, to the memory of RICHARD ONSLOW, Esq. Speaker of the -House of Commons in the 8th Elizabeth, who died 1571, and his lady -Katherine Harding; formerly in the Bishop’s Chancel of Old St. Chad’s -Church. - -In a corresponding situation in the south aisle, an altar-tomb of -alabaster, in the Grecian style of the age of James I., bearing two -cumbent figures; an alderman in his civic “robe and furr’d gown,” and a -lady in the scarlet gown formerly worn by the lady-mayoresses of our -town, commemorating WM. JONES, Esq. who died the 15th July, 1612, and -Eleanor his wife, who died 26th February, 1623; the grand-father and -grand-mother of Chief Justice Jones. This was removed from St. -Alkmund’s. - - [Picture: Altar-tomb to Alderman Jones and his wife] - -Above Speaker Onslow’s monument, a mural monument, from St. Chad’s, in -the Grecian taste of the seventeenth century, representing a gentleman in -a ruff and long gown, and a lady with a long veil thrown back, kneeling -under two escallopped arches: above, a lady in a richly laced habit and -coif, and a little girl kneeling;—inscribed to the memory of Thomas -Edwardes, Esq., who died 19th March, 1634, and of Mary, the wife of his -son, Thomas Edwardes, Esq., died July 18th, 1641. - -Above Jones’s monument, a mural monument, from St. Alkmund’s, with the -figure of an alderman as low as the waist, with falling band, -representing John Lloyd, Esq., Alderman of Shrewsbury, who died 16th -June, 1647. - -Near the vestry is a mural monument to the Rev. R. Scott, with the -following inscription:— - - AS A MARK OF GRATITUDE TO - THE REVEREND RICHARD SCOTT, B.D. - WHOSE OWN WORKS ARE BETTER PRAISE - THAN THE WORDS OF OTHERS, - THIS MEMORIAL IS PLACED HERE BY THE PARISHIONERS - OF THE HOLY CROSS AND ST. GILES. - HE REBUILT THE EASTERN WINDOW OF THIS CHURCH, ADDING - A PART OF THE STAINED GLASS TO IT. - HE GAVE THE ALTAR SCREEN AND STONE RAIL, THE SERVICE - OF COMMUNION PLATE, WITH THE BOOKS, AND ALL - OTHER FURNITURE OF THE ALTAR. - HE REPEWED BOTH THE AISLES, THE NORTHERN BEING GIVEN - FOR THE USE OF THE POOR. - HE BUILT THE SIX WINDOWS IN THE SOUTH AISLE, AND THE - TWO SMALLER WINDOWS AT THE WESTERN END OF THE - CHURCH, ADDING STAINED GLASS TO THE - GREAT WESTERN WINDOW. - HE GAVE NEW FIGURES OF ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL TO BE - PLACED WHERE THE OLD HAD BEEN AT THE WESTERN - FRONT OF THE TOWER. - HE RESTORED THE ARCH OF THE WESTERN ENTRANCE. - HE ALSO GAVE MANY OTHER LESSER GIFTS TO THIS CHURCH. - HE RESTORED ST. GILES’S CHURCH, MAKING IT AGAIN - AVAILABLE FOR THE SERVICE OF GOD. - HE GAVE TO THE SAME CHURCH, PARTLY IN HIS LIFE TIME AND - PARTLY BY BEQUEST, THE SUM OF ONE THOUSAND POUNDS - VESTED IN THE PUBLIC FUNDS, AS AN ENDOWMENT - TOWARDS THE SUPPORT OF A CURATE. - HE DIED ON THE 6TH OF OCTOBER, 1848. - BLESSED ARE THE DEAD WHICH DIE IN THE LORD FROM - HENCEFORTH; YEA, SAITH THE SPIRIT, THAT THEY MAY REST FROM - THEIR LABOURS AND THEIR WORKS DO FOLLOW THEM. - - REVELATION XIV. 13. - -Numerous other mural monuments and inscriptions of more modern dates, -many of which are chaste and elegant, record deceased members of the -principal families of the parish. - -Southwestward of the church, on the margin of the Meole Brook, stands, - - - -THE MONK’S INFIRMARY, - - -where “crepytude and age a laste asylume founde.” The building is of red -stone, in length about 130 feet, and originally consisted of two oblong -wings, with high gable ends, pierced with round arched windows, connected -by an embattled building resting on rude Norman arches, and lighted by -three square headed windows between strong shelving buttresses. One of -these wings next the street was in 1836 taken down, and modern houses -erected on its site. - -On the south side of the church are the remains of a long building, now -converted into stables, formerly the DORMITORY, OR DORTER. - -Of the spacious Refectory no portion exists, with the exception of - - - -THE READER’S PULPIT, - - - [Picture: Reader’s Pulpit, Abbey Church] - -the admiration of every antiquary and person of taste. Its plan is -octagonal; some broken steps lead to the interior through a narrow -flat-arched door, on the eastern side. The southern half rests on the -ruined walls, and originally looked into one of the outer courts. Its -arches are open, unadorned with sculptured pannels, and bear marks of -having been glazed. The corresponding moiety, which projected -considerably within the hall, rests on a bracket enriched with delicate -mouldings, which springs from a corbel. The western side is a blank -wall. Six narrow pointed arches with trefoil heads support the conical -stone roof, which is internally vaulted on eight delicate ribs, springing -out of the wall, and adorned at their intersection in the centre, by a -very fine boss, representing an open flower, on which is displayed a -delicate sculpture of the Crucifixion, with St. John and the Virgin Mary -at the foot of the cross. The three northern arches, which were within -the hall, are filled up, to the height of two feet from the floor, with -stone embattled pannels, sculptured into crocketed tabernacles, with -intervening buttresses terminating in pinnacles. On the central pannel -is the Annunciation; the right-hand one bears figures of St. Peter and -St. Paul; and that on the left, St. Wenefrede and the Abbot Beuno. The -architecture of this elegant structure is referred to the fifteenth -century. Much conjecture has arisen amongst the most eminent antiquaries -respecting its probable use, but there can be little doubt, that it -originally projected from the wall within the Refectory, and was used as -a pulpit, from whence one of the junior brethren of the monastery, in -compliance with the rule of the Benedictine order, daily, read, during -meal times, some book of divinity to the Monks, seated at the tables -below in the hall. - -Southward of the pulpit is a large range of red stone building, now -incorporated with the Abbey House, ending on the west with a high gable -terminated by a flower, supposed to have been the GUESTEN HALL. - -To the south-east of this is the ABBOT’S LODGING; of which the only -remnant is a portion of the cloister, consisting of three pointed arches, -on the piers of which, are indications of the corbels and springers of an -elegant groined roof. A similar fragment adjoins this at right angles. - -North of the Abbey Church is the beautiful - - - -HOSPITAL OF THE HOLY CROSS, - - -erected and endowed in 1852, by Daniel Rowland, Esq., in memory of his -brother, the late Rev. W. G. Rowland, M.A., a native of Shrewsbury, who -resided during a long life, in a house on the spot, and who for 32 years -officiated as Curate of the Abbey Church, until his subsequent -appointment to the living of St. Mary, which he held until his death, -November 28th, 1851. The edifice comprises five houses, and was designed -and executed by Mr. S. P. Smith. The appointment is vested in the -Ministers of the Abbey and St. Mary, and the Head Master of the Free -School, as Trustees. The Hospitallers must be widows, those residing in -the Abbey and St. Mary’s parishes having a preference, and receive from -the endowment an annual sum of £10. 8s. 0d. - -A raised walk, formerly overshadowed by a venerable avenue of umbrageous -horse-chesnut trees, but now flanked with modern houses, and called -“Whitehall Place,” and “Tankerville Place,” conducts us to THE WHITE -HALL. - -This stately mansion acquired this appellation from the conspicuous -appearance which its white-washed walls present from many points of the -adjacent neighbourhood. It is, constructed of freestone; in plan is -square and lofty, the summits of the walls broken into numerous pointed -gables, and the roof adorned with highly ornamented chimneys, and crowned -with a central octagonal turret. The gatehouse still remains, and opens -through its arched portal to a small court in front of the house. The -interior is spacious, and adapted by subsequent alterations to the modern -notions of comfort and convenience. The walls of the extensive gardens -are clothed with many curious and choice fruit trees; and at the back of -the house is a fine Walnut-tree, magnificent in umbrageous expanse, -apparently coeval with the mansion. This fine and perfect specimen of -the domestic architecture of the reign of Queen Elizabeth was built in -1578, by Richard Prince, Esq. a native of Shrewsbury, who, by skill and -integrity in the honourable and lucrative profession of the law, raised -himself and his family to distinguished eminence. - - [Picture: White Hall] - -In the adjacent fields is - - - -THE RACE COURSE, - - -formed in 1833. - -Constituting part of the race-ground is a field bearing the name of “The -Soldiers’ Piece,” which “old folks, time’s doting chronicles,” point out -as the spot on which the unfortunate Charles I., when at Shrewsbury in -1642, drew up his army and addressed the assembled gentry of the county -on the subject of his distresses. - -A short walk now brings us to THE COLUMN, erected by the voluntary -subscriptions of the grateful inhabitants of the town and county of -Salop, to commemorate the brilliant victories and achievements of that -distinguished warrior, their countryman, Lieutenant General Lord Hill. -This fine Doric pillar, considered to be the largest in the world, was -completed on 18th June, 1816, the anniversary of the glorious Battle of -Waterloo, at an expense of £5,973. The design was furnished by Mr. -Edward Haycock, and the masonry executed by Mr. John Straphen, both of -Shrewsbury. The height, including the statue, is 132 feet, and the -weight 1120 tons. The chastely fluted shaft ascends from a square -pedestal, raised on two steps, and flanked by angular piers, bearing -lions couchant, and is surmounted by a cylindrical, pedestal, supporting -a statue of his Lordship. Appropriate inscriptions are engraved on the -panels of the basal pedestal. A beautiful spiral staircase of stone, the -munificent donation of the spirited builder, Mr. Straphen, winds round -the interior of the shaft, and opens on the summit, at the base of the -pedestal of the statue, from whence the delighted visitor will enjoy a -panoramic view over the fertile plain of Shropshire, unrivalled in extent -and splendour:— - - “Ten thousand landscapes open to the view, - For ever pleasing, and for ever new.” - - [Picture: Column in honour of Lord Hill] - -Near the column, in a neat Doric stone cottage, dwells the attendant who -shows it. - -At a few paces’ distance in a peaceful and retired spot stands the only -ecclesiastical structure of the town, with - - - -ST. GILES’S CHURCH, - - - [Picture: St. Giles’s Church] - -the exception of St. Mary’s church, which has descended to our times in -an entire state. Of its foundation we possess no record, though it has -been conjectured that its erection did not long precede the year 1136, -when Robert, Prior of Shrewsbury, rested here with the bones of St. -Wenefrede, previous to their translation to her shrine in the Abbey; and -some confirmation is afforded to this conjecture by the arches of the -northern and southern doors, the oldest existing portions of the -structure, being of the architecture of that æra. It was doubtless used -as the chapel of the hospital for lepers, which formerly stood at the -west end, but of which all traces have long been swept away. The edifice -consists of a nave, chancel, and north aisle, with an open stone -bell-turret, pierced for two bells. The nave is entered by plain -semicircular doorways on the north and south sides, and is divided from -the side-aisle by three pointed arches on plain round pillars; attached -to the north sides of which are massive square piers, having fillets -above and on a level with the capitals, singularly adorned with sunk -quatrefoils. A handsome pointed arch of the fourteenth century -communicates with the chancel, in the flat-arched eastern window of which -are spirited figures of the Evangelists under rich canopies, with their -characteristic emblems above, and representations of the Visitation, the -Wise Men’s Offering, and the Presentation, all most exquisitely executed -in stained glass by Mr. David Evans. The small lancet window on the -north side also contains a figure of the patron saint, St. Giles, in -ancient stained glass. - -In the floor are several ancient stones bearing crosses, probably -memorials of the masters of the hospital. At the east end of the north -aisle is a font originally in the Abbey Church, formed of a Norman -capital. - -According to entries in the Parish Books of the date 1665, this church -originally possessed a “steeple” at the western end, probably an open -stone bell-turret, somewhat similar to the present one, springing from -corbels, which were visible in the western wall previous to its being -rebuilt in 1852, and a porch before the south door. In the “steeple” was -a “great bell” and two smaller ones, which were taken down in 1672, and -used in the following year, with four lesser bells and the great -“Wenefrede” Bell, in the recasting of the present ring of eight of the -Abbey Church. - -In 1740, a considerable sum raised by subscription was expended in a -thorough repair of St. Giles’s Church, when probably the “steeple” and -the porch were removed, a bell-turret and single bell erected, and the -whole brought into the state in which it continued down to the recent -restoration. - -In 1827 this curious edifice was, through the laudable exertions and -entirely at the expense of the Rev. W. G. Rowland, the liberal donor of -the beautiful east window, thoroughly and judiciously repaired, and -happily rescued from that ruin and decay to which its previous neglected -condition was fast hastening. - - [Picture: Interior of St. Giles’s Church] - -The primitive rude and massive oak benches in the nave were subsequently -removed, and replaced with new ones. A new pulpit, reading-pew, and -altar-screen, of oak, beautifully carved and in unison with the -architecture, were added, and the whole building fitted up for divine -service by the pious munificence of the late Rev. Richard Scott, B.D. -Divine Service, which had previously been celebrated only on two Sunday -evenings in the year, has, since June 1836, been regularly offered up -every Sunday. - -In the church-yard is a large stone with a cavity on the upper side, -(doubtless the base and socket of the cross) termed “the PEST BASIN,” -which tradition states to have been used during the time of the plague -for holding water, in which, to avoid the spread of the disease, the -towns-people deposited their money in their bargains for provisions with -the country-folk. A portion of the head of this cross was discovered -under the west wall of the church during the repairs in 1852. It is now -placed in the north aisle, and displays sculptures of the Crucifixion, -St. Giles, Virgin and Child, and St. Michael. - - [Picture: “Pest-Basin,” in St. Giles’s Churchyard] - -Our town has been many times visited with those severe scourges of -Heaven, the dreadful pestilential diseases of the sweating sickness and -the plague. The former desolated the town in the reign of Edward III. in -1349, and again in that of Henry VII., in the years 1485 and 1551; and -the latter raged here with frightful fury in the years 1537, 1575, 1630, -1632, and 1634. In the years 1832 and 1849, also, many of the -inhabitants fell victims to the cholera. - -For the support of the Hospital of Lepers, Henry II. granted thirty -shillings yearly out of the rent of the County of Salop, and a handful of -two hands of every sack of corn, and a handful of one hand of every sack -of flour, exposed for sale in Shrewsbury market. Henry III. also in 1232 -gave them a horse-load of wood, daily, from his wood of Lythwood. - -The appointment of the Master was vested in the Abbot and Convent of -Shrewsbury, who, a short time previous to the Dissolution, granted a long -lease of it to Richard Lee, Esq. of Langley, who assigning his interest -to the family of Prince, of the White Hall, it passed with their other -estates into the Tankerville family. The Earl of Tankerville still -annually receives from the Sheriff the thirty shillings granted by Henry -II. and nominates the four hospitallers, who now live in the adjoining -comfortable cottages, and to each of whom his Lordship pays 1s. 6d. per -week, 3s. at Midsummer for coal, and 12s. 6d. at Christmas for a garment. -{153} - -Near St. Giles’s is a handsome edifice of brick, built by government in -1806, at an expense of £10,000, after a design by Wyatt, and intended as - - - -A DEPÔT - - -for containing the arms of the volunteer corps in this and the adjoining -counties. - -The principal building is 135 feet by 39 feet, divided into an upper and -lower story, and is surrounded by an oblong enclosure, within which are -13 small neat houses. Little use having for many years been made of this -structure, it has, by purchase, become the property of the present Lord -Berwick. Recently it has been adapted as the Military Depôt of the -Shropshire Militia. {154} - -We now return along the suburb of the Abbey Foregate, - - “A long great streate, well builded large and faire, - In as good ayre, as may be wisht with wit.” - -to the English Bridge. - -Turning on the left we enter the suburb of Coleham, and soon arrive at - - - -THE CHURCH OF THE HOLY TRINITY, - - - [Picture: Trinity Church] - -consecrated August 25, 1837, for the accommodation of the numerous -inhabitants of Coleham, by voluntary subscriptions, aided by grants from -the Church Building Societies, at a cost of nearly £1900. Adjoining is a -large cemetery for the whole parish of St. Julian, and also commodious -school rooms. The church, which was made a district parish church in -1841, contains 812 sittings, of which 504 are free. In the gallery is a -small organ, by Bishop; in the window over the altar are figures in -stained glass of the Evangelists, and St. Peter and St. Paul; and in two -of the windows in the body of the church are various scriptural -medallions in stained glass, which, together with a handsome service of -communion plate, were presented by the piety of the late Rev. Richard -Scott, B.D. - -Near to Belle Vue is the Dissenters’ Cemetery. {157} - -Having passed the English Bridge we turn on the left, and following the -course of “the sandy-bottom’d Severn,” soon arrive at the remains of - - - -THE FRANCISCAN, OR GREY, FRIARS, - - -founded at an early period of the 13th century. Hawise Gadarn, (born -1291,) the heiress of the ancient Princes of Powis Gwenwynwyn, and wife -of Sir John de Cherleton, was a great benefactress of this religious -house, and contributed to the friars considerable aid in the erection of -their church, which it is conjectured she adorned with the fine stained -glass now in the east window of St. Mary’s church. This patronage was -continued to them by her son Sir John de Cherleton. The corporation of -the town also appear at all times to have regarded these friars with an -eye of peculiar favour, and to have bestowed upon them various sums of -money towards the repairs of their buildings. In the reign of Henry -VIII. the greater part of the house was rebuilt by Dr. Francis Duff hill, -at that time Warden. This and the other friaries of the town were on -their dissolution granted by Henry VIII. in 1543, to Richard Andrewes, -and Nicholas Temple. Portions of the friary converted into houses still -exist. On the side next the river is a MULLIONED WINDOW, and on the -other side a doorway, both of the obtusely pointed arch of the reign of -Henry VIII. The walls of the garden may be traced far into the adjoining -meadow. - - [Picture: Window in Franciscan Friary] - -The Lady Hawise, according to Leland, “lyith buried under a flate marble -by Chorleton’s tumbe,” in the church, and several members of her ancient -family received interment here. The path on the “gentle Severn’s sedgy -bank” soon leads us to - - - -THE QUARRY, - - - “Whose walks are ever pleasant; every scene - Is rich in beauty, lively, or serene.” - - [Picture: The Quarry] - -This fine public promenade occupies a rich sloping meadow of about twenty -acres, and derives its name from a disused stone quarry, nearly in the -centre, which supplied a considerable part of the red sandstone visible -in the older portions of the walls and churches of the town. Its site -has long been designated “the Dingle,” and is planted with a bold clump -of most magnificent horse-chesnut and lime trees. A noble avenue of -lofty lime trees, gracefully unite their topmost boughs into a rich -embowered arch, and with their lower branches feathering to the gentle -windings of the beauteous river, forms the principal walk; to the middle -and each end of which, three other shaded walks lead from various streets -of the town. The still retirement and pleasing gloom of this delightful -grove, from which the noise of the busy town, and even a prospect of its -buildings, are almost entirely excluded,—the refreshing coolness of its -shade,—the rich verdure which ever clothes its meadows,—the fine sweep of -its umbrageous arch,—and the majestic flow of the river, which here - - “with gentle murmur glides, - And makes sweet music with th’ enamel’d stones; - Giving a gentle kiss to every sedge - He overtaketh in his pilgrimage.” - -all combine to render it the favourite and constant resort of the -inhabitant, and a principal attraction to the stranger. The ground was -laid out and planted in 1791, during the mayoralty of Henry Jenks, Esq., -by Mr. Wright, a celebrated and intelligent nursery-man, resident in the -adjacent village of Bicton. - -On the west side of the Quarry, in the Dingle, called the Dry Dingle, are -the remains of a rude amphitheatre, with ascending seats cut in the bank, -where the Friars of the adjacent Convent performed the ancient religious -Mysteries, or Miracle-plays, so famous in the days of our ancestors. -Here, also, during the reign of Elizabeth many plays were exhibited in -which the scholars of the Free Schools sustained the principal -characters. - -Close adjoining to the Quarry are - - - -THE AUSTIN FRIARS, - - -of which the only remnant is the lower part of a square red stone -building, probably the refectory, with two pointed doorways, and the -bases of a range of handsome windows. We find these friars here as early -as the year 1235, when they obtained from Henry III. a grant of a spot of -ground outside the walls, which had been used as a burial-place when the -kingdom was under an interdict, in the reign of King John. Upon this -small space they erected their chapel and buildings, which they were -enabled to enlarge and extend in the year 1295, by the piety of Geoffrey -Randolf, a burgess of the town, who granted them a contiguous plot of -ground for that purpose. At subsequent periods various portions of the -lands in the immediate neighbourhood of the convent were successively -added to their precinct. The corporation also were not wanting in -frequent and liberal contributions to these, as well as to the other -friars of the town. Still they never appear to have been either rich or -numerous, and at the Dissolution their buildings were in a most -deplorable state of ruin, inhabited only by a dissolute Prior, and two -Friars not of the foundation, who had greatly and disgracefully wasted -the conventual property. In 1403, several persons of note, who fell at -Battlefield, are said to have found interment in the cemetery of this -convent. - - [Picture: St. Chad’s Church] - -At the top of the Quarry stands the CHURCH OF ST. CHAD, a structure, -which, notwithstanding its many and glaring defects, must still be -pronounced handsome and commodious. The body is circular, and consists -of a rustic basement with square windows, on which reposes a -superstructure, containing a series of large arched windows; between each -of which are coupled Ionic pilasters, resting on the basement, and -supporting a bold cornice, crowned with an open balustrade. Attached to -the body is a smaller circle, similarly decorated; at the extremity of -which is the steeple, which consists of three stories: a square rustic -basement, from which rises an octagonal belfry, enriched with Ionic -pilasters, and above, a small cupola, supported on a heavy cylinder, -surrounded by eight slender Corinthian pillars. A heavy cross and vane -crowns the summit. On each side of the tower is a plain square wing, -which contains a vestry-room. Beneath a handsome portico of four Doric -pillars supporting a pediment, is the chief entrance, which opens into a -circular vestibule beneath the tower; beyond which is a kind of -ante-church, comprising the staircases leading to the galleries and -communicating with the body of the church. The interior is not a -complete circle, a segment having been taken off for two smaller -staircases, and for the shallow oblong recess forming the chancel. A -bold arch, resting on four rich composite pillars, marks the division of -the body and chancel. Above the altar, (which contrary to ancient usage, -is placed on the north side,) in a broad Venetian window is a -representation, in stained glass, of the “Descent from the Cross,” after -Rubens, the Salutation, and the Presentation in the Temple, executed by -Mr. David Evans of this town, whose skill and taste have also been -exercised in four other windows of this church, of which the subjects -are, the Raising of Lazarus, Christ receiving little children, the -Healing of the Sick, and the Tribute Money, all presented by the late -Rev. R. Scott, B.D. One of the other windows of the Church contains a -memorial in stained glass to E. Muckleston, Esq. A deep and capacious -gallery, decorated in front with a handsome balustrade, surrounds the -whole church, except the chancel, and reposes on a double range of short -pillars, with Ionic capitals. From these a corresponding tier of slender -fluted shafts, resembling the Corinthian order, rises to the ceiling, -which is adorned with a glory in the centre, and a rich cornice, -consisting of angels with wings interlaced. Over the chief entrance is a -large and fine organ built by Gray of London, in 1794, and enlarged and -improved by Gray and Davidson, in 1848. It has 30 stops, and comprises -1325 pipes. - -This edifice, though possessing too much of the theatrical air, is -handsomely and conveniently furnished, and by the ingenuity of the -circular arrangement, all the congregation can distinctly hear and most -see the officiating clergyman during the whole of the services. It will -accommodate, in the pews below, 1000 persons, and in the gallery 750, -besides 400 free sittings provided for the poor. - -[Picture: Font in St. Chad’s Church] THE FONT formerly belonged to the -parish church of Malpas, Cheshire; and is that in which the late Bishop -Heber was baptized. - -The principal monuments are:—an oblong Grecian tablet, with an elegant -Latin inscription to the Rev. Francis Leighton, his lady, and two -grandchildren; a handsome pannelled marble tablet, supporting a fine bust -of the deceased, by Chantrey, inscribed to Mr. John Simpson, the eminent -architect and builder; and a similar tablet and bust, by Chantrey, to -William Hazledine, Esq., the builder of the Menai Bridge; and in the -Vestibule a marble mural monument to the Officers and Privates of the -53rd or Shropshire Regiment, who were killed on 10th February 1846, in -the battles of Subraon, Aliwal, and the relief of Loodhiana on the -Sutluj. - -This church also contains a monument to the Rev. R. Scott, with the -following inscription:— - - SACRED - TO THE MEMORY OF - THE REV. RICHARD SCOTT, B.D. - WHO DEPARTED THIS LIFE - ON THE 6TH OCTOBER, 1848, - IN THE 68TH YEAR OF HIS AGE. - THIS TABLET IS ERECTED BY HIS NEPHEW WILLIAM SCOTT, - AS A TOKEN OF REGARD AND AFFECTION TO - HIS LATE RELATIVE. - -In the vestry is a carved figure of ST. CHAD in his episcopal robes, -preserved from the old church. - -[Picture: Figure of St. Chad in St. Chad’s Church] This church is used on -most public occasions. The plan was furnished by Mr. Geo. Stewart, and -the cost of erection amounted to £17,752; the greater part of which sum -still remains a heavy debt on the parish. In the tower is a peal of -twelve melodious bells, cast by Messrs. Meares of London, purchased by -subscription, and inscribed with appropriate mottos. The deep-toned -tenor, of the weight of forty-one cwt. on which the clock strikes, may be -heard at a distance of several miles. - -Turning on the left, we proceed down St. John’s Hill, and pass - - - -THE QUAKERS’ MEETING-HOUSE, - - -a plain brick structure, built in 1746, and enlarged in 1807,—and - - - -ST. JOHN’S, OR THE WESLEYAN METHODISTS’ MEETING-HOUSE, - - -a spacious and commodious brick building, erected in 1804, and -subsequently enlarged and decorated in a handsome style. - -Besides these, there are meeting-houses for the Calvinistic Methodists, -and Sandemanians, or Scotch Baptists, in Hill’s Lane;—for the Baptists -and Independents, in Doglane and Castle Forgate; and for the Unitarians, -in High Street. - -At the bottom of St. John’s Hill is - - - -THE THEATRE, - - -the fine and lofty stuccoed front of which has a bold and imposing -effect, and constitutes the principal ornament of the street. The -central part comprises a range of excellent shops; at each end of which -is a comfortable dwelling-house, with entrance doors to the Theatre. The -interior is handsomely decorated, and adapted for the comfortable -accommodation of a numerous audience. The scenery, properties, and other -ornaments, are entirely new, and in a superior style. - -The remains of an embattled stone mansion, called Charlton Hall, the -residence of the ancient family of Charlton, Lords of Powis, previously -occupied the site of the Theatre. - -Opposite to the Theatre, in Barker Street, is - - - -THE BELL STONE, - - -a red stone structure, surrounding three sides of a small quadrangle, -erected in 1582, by Edward Owen, alderman and draper of Shrewsbury, but -lately modernized, and completely re-cast, and now occupied as the -banking-house of a Branch of the National Provincial Bank of England. -The mansion derives its name of the Bell or Bente Stone, from a large -block of Chert or Hornstone, which originally lay in the street, at the -north angle of the outer wall, and which is still preserved in the court, -whither it was removed during the late alterations. The derivation of -the name and its connexion with the Stone have hitherto baffled the -ingenuity and researches of antiquaries. - -Passing onwards through Shoplatch, we have on our right a mass of red -stone buildings, communicating with the street by a passage,—which -conjecture has assigned, either as the remains of the town house of the -Abbots of Haughmond, (that monastery having possessed property in this -immediate locality,) or as the residence of the ancient and extinct -family of Shutt, the name of Shutt Place being supposed to be preserved -in the name of the adjoining street, Shoplatch. - -We now proceed down Mardol, about the centre of which, on the left-hand -side, is Hill’s Lane, in which stands - - - -ROWLEY’S MANSION, OR HILL’S MANSION, - - -said to have been the first brick building erected in Shrewsbury. From -dates still visible on the leaden pipes, it appears to have been built in -1618, by William Rowley, an eminent brewer. This gentleman was a -favourer of Puritanism, and an intimate friend of Richard Baxter the -Nonconformist, and is stated to have been instrumental in strengthening -the prejudices of the latter against the church. He amassed a large -property by fortunate speculations in Barbadoes, and is related to have -planted Rowley’s Islands in the Caribbees. His son, Roger Rowley, Esq. -was of Gray’s Inn, and was the first person in this town who kept his -carriage. His eldest daughter and co-heiress Priscilla married John -Hill, Esq. of Shrewsbury, who made this mansion his residence, and gave -to it, and the street in which it stands, their present names. - -At the bottom of Mardol are extensive Quays and Warehouses, at which the -numerous vessels which navigate the Severn load and unload their burdens. -Here also is - - - -THE CIRCUS, - - -a spacious building, used occasionally for equestrian performances, but -more constantly as a depository for the immense quantities of butter and -cheese which are brought to the town for sale at the monthly fairs. - - - -THE WELSH BRIDGE, - - - [Picture: Welsh Bridge] - -called also in old times St. George’s Bridge, from the hospital of Saint -George, which once stood adjacent to it, crosses the Severn at this -point. It is a convenient, substantial, and handsome structure, -consisting of five elegant arches, the length being 266 feet, the breadth -thirty, and the height thirty, and was erected in 1795, after a design by -Messrs. Tilly and Carline of this town, at an expense of £8,000, raised -by subscription. - -The old bridge which formerly stood here was removed on the erection of -the present one, and though highly inconvenient and ruinous, was a most -interesting monument of antiquity, and consisted of seven arches, with -massive gate towers at each extremity, in the finest style of castellated -building. It is described in his usual quaint style by the accurate -Leland, who visited Shrewsbury in 1539, “as the greatest, fayrest, and -highest upon the stream, having 6 great arches of stone.” “This bridge,” -he further says, “standeth on the west syde of the towne, and hath at the -one end of it a great gate to enter by into the towne; and at the other -end towardes Wales a mighty stronge towre to prohibit enemies to enter on -the bridge.” - -Having passed the Welsh Bridge we enter - - “An auncient streate cal’d Franckwell many a day: - To Ozestri, the people passe through this, - And unto Wales, it is the reddie way.” - -The suburb of Frankwell, was in 1234, during the wars of Henry III. and -Llewellin Prince of Wales, reduced to ashes by the Welsh army. - -Shrewsbury was the first place in England in which that dreadful -epidemic, the Sweating Sickness, broke out in the year 1551; and there is -a tradition that it made its first appearance in a passage in Frankwell, -called the White Horse Shut. This disease again appeared in this suburb -in the early part of June 1650, and continued its ravages throughout the -town until the middle of the January following. It is said that the -Butchers escaped the pestilence; and the fact of there being fewer -entries of burials in the register of St. Alkmund’s, the parish in which -they chiefly resided during that time, tends greatly to confirm the -tradition. - -About the middle of Frankwell on the right hand side, stands - - - -ST. GEORGE’S CHURCH. - - - [Picture: St. George’s Church] - -This neat structure was erected in 1829, on a site presented to the -parish by Richard Drinkwater, Esq. and designed as a chapel of ease to -St. Chad’s Church. It is constructed of free-stone, in the lancet style -of architecture, and comprises a nave, transept, chancel, and western -tower. The interior is fitted up with due regard to elegance and -convenience, and will contain a congregation of 750 persons, for 460 of -whom free kneelings are provided. By the pious liberality of the late -Rev. Richard Scott, B.D. of this town, the chancel has been graced with a -carved altar screen and chairs of an architectural Gothic design, the -gallery with a small organ by Fleetwood, and the triple lancet windows -filled with most brilliant and spirited figures of Isaiah, St. Matthew, -and St. Mark, in stained glass, in the execution of which, that ingenious -artist Mr. D. Evans has, if possible, surpassed his previous elegant -productions. The windows of the transept likewise contain fine stained -glass of a rich and elaborate mosaic pattern, by which a mellowed and -devotional gloom is shed over this portion of the fabric, which -contributes considerably to the imposing effect of the splendid east -window. - -The edifice was designed by Mr. Edward Haycock, and erected by Messrs. -Joseph Birch and Sons of this town, at a cost of nearly £4000, raised by -the voluntary subscriptions of the parishioners. The township of -Frankwell has been assigned as a district parish to this church. - -The adjoining eminence is crowned by - - - -MILLINGTON’S HOSPITAL, - - -founded in 1734, by Mr. James Millington of Shrewsbury, draper, and -endowed with the greater part of his ample fortune. This charitable -institution consists of a school-master and mistress, who have each a -house and salary, and instruct twenty poor boys and as many girls, -natives of Frankwell. These children are completely clothed twice in -every year, and at the age of fourteen are clothed and apprenticed with a -small premium, and at the expiration of their first year’s apprenticeship -rewarded with a gratuity, upon their producing a certificate of good -conduct. Twelve poor men or women selected from the single housekeepers -of Frankwell, or the nearest part of St. Chad’s parish, reside in the -Hospital, to each of whom are allotted two comfortable rooms and a small -garden, with an allowance of £6 per annum, a gown or coat on St. Thomas’s -day, and a load of coals on All Saints’ day. Gowns or Coats and forty -shillings each are also dispensed every year to ten poor single -housekeepers resident in Frankwell, the eldest of which pensioners in -time, succeeds to a vacancy in the hospital. The hospitallers and -out-pensioners receive likewise two twopenny loaves weekly. A chaplain -daily attends and reads prayers. - -Two exhibitions of £40 a year each are founded for students of Magdalen -College, Cambridge, to which, scholars originally on the hospital -foundation have the preference, or in default of such, two born in -Frankwell, educated at the Free Schools, and having been one year in the -upper form in the head school are most eligible. - -The hospital is a plain brick building. The central portion surmounted -by a pediment and clock turret comprises the chapel and school-room, and -the houses of the master and mistress, and in the wings on each side are -the apartments of the hospitallers. A lodge has recently been erected -and the ground in front enclosed from the street by an iron railing. -{176} - -We now continue our walk along the undulating eminence, which rises -abruptly from the Severn opposite the Quarry, until we arrive at - - - -KINGSLAND, - - -a large tract of ground, the common property of the Burgesses, studded -with small enclosures and buildings called “Arbours,” to which the -several incorporated trading companies of the town annually resort in -procession on the second Monday after Trinity Sunday, accompanied by -bands of music, flags, devices emblematical of their crafts, and preceded -by “a king” on horseback, gaily dressed with “crownlets and gauds of rare -device,” either representing the monarch who granted their charters, or -some principal personage of their trades. The Mayor and Corporation, -attended by many of the respectable inhabitants of the place, visit the -several Companies, and partake of refreshments prepared in their -respective arbours:— - - “Whilst the merry bells ring round, - And the jocund rebecks sound, - To many a youth and many a maid - Dancing in the chequered shade; - And young and old come forth to play - On this sunshine holiday, - Till the live-long day-light fail.” - -The pageant of “Shrewsbury Show” originated, no doubt, in the procession -which took place on Corpus Christi day, one of the most splendid -festivals of the Romish Church. The several Companies, preceded by their -Masters and Wardens, attended the Bailiffs and Corporation, who with the -Abbot and dignified Ecclesiastics of the Abbey, Friaries, and Churches of -the town, clad in their splendid robes, and bearing the Holy Sacrament -under a rich canopy, lighted with innumerable wax tapers, proceeded in -solemn order to a stone cross called the Weeping Cross, without the town. -Here having bewailed their sins, and offered up petitions for a joyous -harvest, they returned in the same order to St. Chad’s church, and -attended the celebration of High Mass. Three days of unbounded jollity -and recreation followed this magnificent festival. On the Reformation of -religion this ceremonious procession was of course discontinued, and the -present single day of relaxation and amusement substituted in its stead -by the authorities of the place. - -While on the subject of our ancient customs, we must not omit the popular -one of _Heaving_, formerly prevalent over most of the kingdom, but -latterly confined to Shropshire. Heaving is performed on Easter-Monday, -by men who perambulate the streets, and call at the houses with chairs -gaily adorned with ribbons and flowers, in which they sportively hold -down any young woman they meet, and heaving her up three times, turn her -round and set her down again. The ceremony invariably concludes with a -hearty kiss, to which is often added by the more opulent of the -inhabitants a small present of money. On Easter-Tuesday the young women -perform the same ceremony to the men. This custom is supposed to have -originated in the usage of binding persons in chairs, anciently practised -on Hock Tuesday, or Binding Tuesday, designed to represent the stratagems -employed by the English women to aid their husbands in massacreing the -Danes on St. Brice’s day, 1002. At the Reformation, this, with many -other old customs, of which the origin was imperfectly remembered, was -_spiritualized_, and intended to represent the Resurrection of our Lord. -For more particulars of the custom of Heaving we would refer the reader -to Brand’s Popular Antiquities, i. 155, and Hone’s Every Day Book; in -which latter excellent work there is a spirited engraving of the -ceremony. - -On the north side of Kingsland is - - - -THE HOUSE OF INDUSTRY. - - -which crowns the steep eminence above the river, from whence a prospect -of the town and environs, more pleasing and comprehensive than can be -obtained from any other station, bursts upon the view. - -This handsome brick building was erected in 1765, at an expense of -£12,000, and used for a few years as a Foundling Hospital, until the -funds becoming inadequate to the support of the charity, it was shut up -in 1774. It was afterwards employed during the American War, as a prison -for Dutch prisoners, until 1784, when it was purchased by the several -parishes of the town, and appropriated to the use of their infirm and -helpless poor, who in their declining years here find a comfortable -shelter from the pitiless compassion of the world, and are supplied with -the decent and wholesome necessaries of life. - -Descending the eminence, we cross the river by the ferry, proceed up the -Quarry, down St. John’s Hill, and passing the Talbot Buildings, re-enter -the Market Square, from whence we commenced our perambulation. - - And now, traveller, - our tale is told, - and in sending you onward on your way, - we would heartily bid you “good speed,” - with a sincere hope that when in after years, - amid the storms and sunshine - which checquer the great journey of life, - thy restless memory in the stillness of reflection - shall recur to the few incidents which, - like oases in the desert, - have ministered to thy happiness, - recollection may long and fondly dwell - on those pleasing hours - you spent amid - the antient walls of - Shrewsbury. - - - - -EMINENT NATIVES OF SHREWSBURY; - - - WITH REFERENCES TO WORKS IN WHICH THEIR BIOGRAPHIES ARE DETAILED. - - “There is a history in all men’s lives.” - - SHAKSPEARE. - - Name. Distinction. Born. Died. References. -Adams, Wm. divine, 1706 1789 Owen and - Blakeway’s - History of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 218. Gent. - Mag. March, - 1789. -Armstead, T. author, 1662 Wood’s Athenæ - Oxon. iii. 661. -Arnway, John, divine and 1601 1653 Wood’s Athenæ - author, Oxon. iii. 307. - Walker’s - Sufferings of - the Clergy. -Benbow, John, admiral, 1650 1702 Owen and - Blakeway’s - History of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 390. - Biographia - Britannica. -Blakeway, J. divine and 1765 1826 Gent. Mag. -Brickdale, topographical xcvi. pt. 1. p. - historian, 277. -Bowers, John, Bishop of 1724 - Chichester, -Bowen, James, genealogist, 1774 -Bowen, John, genealogist, 1832 Gent. Mag. cii. - pt. 2. p. 185. -Burney, Chas. historian of 1726 1814 Gent. Mag. - music, 1726 1814. - - Owen and - Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 388. Life by - his daughter, - Madame - d’Arblay. -Churchyard, Thomas, poet, 1520 1604 Wood’s Athenæ. - Oxon. Life - prefixed to - Chalmers’ edit. - of Churchyard’s - Chips. -Costard, Geo. divine, 1709 1782 Biographia - biblical Britannica. - critic, & Owen and - mathematician, Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 388. -Cresset, Edw. Bishop of 1697 1755 - Llandaff -Davies, Sneyd, divine and 1709 1769 Owen and - poet, Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury. ii. - 387. Nichols’s - Illustrations, - i. 485. -Farmer, Hugh, presbyterian 1714 Life by Hugh - divine and Dodson, Biogr. - author, Brit. v. 664. -Greisley, Hen. divine and 1678 Wood’s Athenæ. - poet, Oxon, iii. - 1167. -Gwynn, architect, -Haynes, Jos. artist and 1830 Gent. Mag. c. - engraver, pt. 1. p. 379. -Jones, Sir, Thomas, Lord Chief 1614 1692 - Justice of the - Common Pleas. -Onslow, Rich. Speaker of the 1528 1571 Owen and - House of Blakeway’s - Commons, Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 167. -Orton, Job, Non-conformist 1717 1783 Life by S. - divine Palmer, - prefixed to his - Letters. Owen - and Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 478. -Owen, Hugh, divine and 1760 1827 Gent. Mag. - topographical xcviii. pt. 1. - historian, p. 478. -Parkes, James, artist, 1794 1828 Gent. Mag. - xcviii. pt. 1. - p. 376. -Pemberton, Thomas, lawyer and 1763 1833 Gent. Mag. - author, ciii. pt. 1. p. - 377. -Phillips, Ambrose, poet, 1674 1749 Owen and - Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 284. -Plantagenet, Rd. Duke 2nd son of 1473 1483 -of York, Edwd. IV. -Plantagenet, George, youngest son of - Edw. IV. -Price, Samp. D.D. divine, and 1585 1630 Owen and - chaplain to Blakeway’s - James I. and Hist. of - Charles I. Shrewsbury, ii. - 212. -Price, Daniel, D.D. divine, 1631 Wood’s Athenæ. - Oxon. -Scott, John, Non-conformist - divine, -Scott, Jona. Dr. oriental 1753 1829 Gent. Mag. - professor and xcix. pt. 1. p. - author, 470. -Shrewsbury, Ralph, Bishop of Bath elect’d 1329 1363 - and Wells, -Shrewsbury, Robert, Biographer of flo. 1140 - St. Wenefrede, -Shrewsbury, Robert, Bishop of consecrated 1215 Owen and - Bangor, 1197 Blakeway’s - Hist. of - Shrewsbury, ii. - 98. -Talbot, Thos. antiquary, 1538 -Talbot, Robt. antiquary, 1558 -Taylor, John, editor of 1704 1776 Some Account of - Demosthenes, the antient and - present State - of Shrewsbury, - p. 371. -Thomas, Jno. Bishop of translated 1761 1766 Some Account of - Salisbury, the antient and - present State - of Shrewsbury, - p. 374. -Tomlins, Thomas, musician and 1778 1847 - composer, -Turner, John, lawyer and 1680 Wood’s Athenæ. - author, Oxon. iii. - 1269. -Waring, John Scott, friend and 1749 1819 - defender of - Warren - Hastings, and - author, -Wooley, Edw. Bishop of consecrated Wood’s Fasti, - Clonfert, 1665 54. - -BIRDS - - - SEEN IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD OF SHREWSBURY. - - “And now is Mirthe therein, to here - The birdes how they singen clere, - The manis and the nightingale, - And other jollie birdes smale.” - - _Chaucer’s Romaunt of the Rose_. - - THE NAMES AND ARRANGEMENT ARE THOSE OF BEWICK. - -Falco Buteo, Buzzard, Haughmond Hill; - Grinshill; Wrekin. -— Milvus, Kite, Bomere Pool. -— cyaneus, Hen Harrier, meadows about - Berwick. -— Pygargus, Ringtail, Westfelton Moors. -— Tinnunculus, Kestrel, Shrewsbury; Wrekin. -— Nisus, Sparrow-hawk, near Castle Foregate; - Old Heath. -Strix Otus, Long-eared Owl, Westfelton, but - rarely. -— flammea, Yellow Owl, meadows;—Shrewsbury. -— stridula, Tawny Owl, very common. -Lanius Excubitor, Ash-coloured Shrike, Babin’s Wood, near - Whittington. -— Collurio, Red-backed Shrike, Wolf’s Head; - Shottaton; Lowe Bank. -Corvus Corax, Raven, Wrekin; Aston. -— Corone, Crow, every where. -— Cornix, Hooded Crow, Weston Lullingfield. -— frugilegus, Rook, common;—Whittington - Castle. -— Monedula, Jack-daw, common;—Nesscliffe. -— Pica, Magpie, common. -— glandarius, Jay, Almond Park; Berwick. -Ampelis Garrulus, Chatterer, nr. Oswestry, - occasionally. -Sturnus vulgaris, Starling, common; Westfelton. -Turdus viscivorus, Missel Thrush, Shrewsbury Castle. -— musicus, Throstle, common. -— pilaris, Fieldfare, common. -— iliacus, Redwing, common. -— Merula, Blackbird, common. -— torquatus, Ring Ouzel, Breidden Mountains. -Cuculus canorus, Cuckoo, common:—Fairyland, - Westfelton. -Yunx Torquilla, Wryneck, Shrewsbury Quarry and - Meole Brace. - - (on the authority of - Robert Griffith - Temple, Esq. - Barrister at Law.) -Picus viridis, Green Woodpecker, common. -— major and medius, Pied Woodpecker, Shrewsbury Quarry, - occasionally. -— minor, Barred Woodpecker, Shrewsbury Quarry and - Westfelton. -Sitta europæa, Nuthatch, Shrewsbury Quarry. -Upupa Epops, Hoopoe, Rednall, a pair, only - once seen. -Certhia familiaris, Creeper, Shrewsbury Quarry. -Loxia curvirostra, Cross-bill, on larch trees, - occasional visitors. -— Coccothraustes, Grosbeak, farm-yards; at - Nesscliffe, in - company with - sparrows. -— Enucleator, Pine Grosbeak, Nesscliffe Hill. -— Chloris, Green Grosbeak common in gardens. -— Pyrrhula, Bullfinch, common in gardens. -Emberiza Miliaria Bunting, hedges and lanes, - common. -— Citrinella, Yellow Bunting common in high-roads. -— Schœniclus, Black-headed Bunting, Raven Meadow; - Dorsett’s Barn, - Shrewsbury. -Fringilla domestica, Sparrow, every where. -— cælebs, Chaffinch, common in gardens. -— Carduelis, Goldfinch, common in fields. -— Spinus, Siskin, Westfelton, in - flights, but rarely. -— cannabina, Greater Red-pole. near - mountains;—Pimhill. -Fringilla linaria, Lesser Redpole, on gravel walks. -— linota, Linnet, not uncommon. -Muscicapa Pied Flycatcher Westfelton; one pair, -Atricapilla, annually. -— Grisola, Spotted Flycatcher very common; about - houses. -Alauda arvensis, Lark, very common in - fields. -— pratensis, Titlark, common in fields. -— arborea, Woodlark, common; Westfelton. -Motacilla alba, Pied Wagtail pools and brooks. -— Boarula, Grey Wagtail, farm-yards. -— flava, Yellow Wagtail rather common; - ploughed fields. -— Luscinia, Nightingale, Sutton Spa; and - Westfelton once. -— Rubecula, Redbreast, every where. -— Phœnicurus, Redstart, common; orchards and - farm-steads. -Sylvia hortensis, Garden Warbler common in high - Ruckler, leafy-sycamores. -Motacilla passerina, Passerine Warbler, gardens. -— modularis, Hedge Warbler, every where; near - houses. -— Salicaria, Reed Warbler, New Inn, near - Dorsett’s Barn. -— Atricapilla, Black-cap common;—low bushes - and gardens. -— Sylvia, White-throat, common;—woods. -— Trochilus, Yellow Wren, Almond Park. -— Willow Wren, (Bewick, common. - vol. i. p. 257, 6th - ed.) -Motacilla, Chiff Caff, (Bewick, common, and generally - vol. i. p. 258, 6th the first arrival. - ed.) -Trochilus minor, Least Willow Wren, Marsh Hall. -Motacilla Regulus, Golden-crested Wren, not uncommon;—firs - and yews. -— Troglodytes, Wren, common;—out- - buildings. -— Oenanthe, Wheatear, Haughmond Hill and - Dovaston. -— Rubetra, Whinchat, common on gorse - bushes. -— Rubicola, Stonechat, Sharpstones Hill. -Parus major, Greater Titmouse, very common. -— cæruleus, Blue Titmouse, very common. -— ater, Coal Titmouse, not uncommon. -— caudatus, Long-tailed Titmouse, hedges and bushes. -— palustris, Marsh Titmouse near Shrewsbury. -Hirundo rustica, Swallow, common;—chimneys. -— urbica. Martin, common;—churches. -— riparia, Sand Martin, common;—Shelton rough -— Apus, Swift, common;—eaves. -Caprimulgus europæus, Night-jar, Nesscliffe;—Haughmond - Hill. -Columba Palumbus, Ring Dove, Almond Park; Berwick; - Shelton. -— Turtur, Turtle Dove, nr. Preston Boats; - Westfelton. -Phasianus Colchicus, Pheasant, woods, parks;—Aston. -Tetrao Perdix, Partridge, stubble fields. -— Coturnix, Quail, Shotton and Sandford. -Charadius Pluvialis, Golden Plover, very rare; once at - Westfelton. -Ardea major, Heron, Isle: Sandford Pool. -— stellaris, Bittern, Sandford Pool; and on - Vyrnwy River. -Scolopax Arquata, Curlew, Source of the Morda, - above Oswestry, in - summer. -— Rusticola Woodcock, woods;—Treflach. -— Gallinago, Snipe, wet bogs and springs. -— Gallmula, Judcock, bogs and wet meadows. -Tringa Vanellus, Lapwing, Ensdon; Twyford - Vownog. -— Hypoleucos, Common Sandpiper, occasionally on the - margins of large - pools. -Hæmatopus Ostrolegus, Oyster-catcher, near Oswestry, - occasionally in the - winter. -Sturnus Cinclus, Water Ouzel, Meole brook and - Morda. -Alcedo Ispida, Kingfisher, Meole brook; - Ellesmere Canal. -Rallus aquaticus, Water Rail, very uncommon. -Gallinula Crex, Land-rail, in long growing hay & - corn. -— chloropus, Common Gallinule, pools, common. -Fulica atra, Coot, large pools: - Sandford. -Podiceps minor, Little Grebe, weedy pools, not - uncommon. -Larus canus, Common Gull, occasionally in - flight. -Procellaria pelagica, Stormy Petrel, Prees—found dead. -Anas Anser ferus, Grey Lag Goose, large waters: - Baggymore. -— Boschas, Mallard, pools; Woodhouse. -— Penelope, Wigeon, pools: Halston. -— Crecca, Teal, river Severn. -Pelecanus Carbo, Cormorant, Isle; Montford - Bridge. - -For the foregoing list, we are indebted to the kindness of the late JOHN -F. M. DOVASTON, Esq. A.M. of Westfelton, near Shrewsbury, the Friend and -Biographer of Bewick; a gentleman who, with enthusiastic ardour, devoted -many years of unceasing attention and observation, to an accurate -investigation of the varieties and habits of the feathered tribes. - - - - -A FEW OF THE -RARER SPECIES OF PLANTS -GROWING IN A WILD STATE IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF SHREWSBURY. - - - The Arrangement adopted is that of the Natural System, and the - Nomenclature from Babington’s Manual of British Botany. - - “what skill, what force divine, - Deep felt, in these appear!” - - THOMSON. - -Ranunculus Lingua, Bomere and Hancott pools. -— auricomus, Haughmond Hill; Shelton Wood. -— arvensis, corn-fields. -— parviflorus, near Red-barn: Pulley; - Sharpstones Hill. -Berberis vulgaris, Sharpstones Hill. -Papaver Argemone, fields, near Bank farm. -Corydalis claviculata, Pimhill. -Fumaria micrantha, near Harwood’s Boat-house. -Nasturtium palustre, banks of Severn. -— sylvestre, banks of Severn. -Turritis glabra, Berwick Knolls. -Cardamine amara, banks of Severn between Preston - Boats and Uffington. -Diplotaxis tenuifolia, Shrewsbury Abbey ruins. -Cochlearia Danica, Dominican Friary, Shrewsbury. -Thlaspi arvense, corn-fields near Shrewsbury. -Teesdalia nudicaulis, Haughmond and Sharpstones hill. -Viola palustris, Bomere and Almond Park pools. -— sylvatica, Weir Coppice. -Drosera longifolia, Bomere pool. -Elatine hexandra, Bomere pool. -Dianthus plumarius, Haughmond Abbey. -— deltoides, Sharpstones Hill and Downton. -Saponaria officinialis and var: Haughmond Abbey. -flore pleno, -Mœnchia erecta, Haughmond Hill. -Alsine rubra, Pimhill; Haughmond Hill. -Hypericum elodes, Bomere and Oxon pools. -— humifusum, near Sundorne. -— maculatum, Haughmond hill and Meole Brace. -— pulchrum, Sharpstones hill. -Geranium Pyrenaicum, road-side near Bicton Grove. -— columbinum, Pulley. -— lucidum near the Lea; Wrentnall. -Rhamnus Frangula, Bomere pool. -Ulex nanus, Kingsland; Sharpstones hill; - Haughmond hill. -Genista Anglica, Bomere pool. -Vicia sylvatica, Shelton rough. -Lathyrus sylvestris, near Pimley; Shelton rough. -Orobus tuberosus, Sharpstones hill. -Geum rivale, old course of Severn, under Cross - hill. -Comarum palustre, Bomere, Berrington, and Hancott - pools. -Rubus suberectus, Almond Park. -— fissus, Almond Park. -— plicatus, Shawbury Heath. -— affinis, Shawbury Heath. -— nitidus, generally about Shrewsbury. -— tenuis, about Shrewsbury. -— corylifolius and var. London-road; Coleham; Flash. -— cordifolius and var. Almond Park. -— discolor, generally about Shrewsbury. -— — δ. argenteus, Berwick. -— leucostachys β. vestitus, Crowmeole; Almond Park. -— — y. argenteus, Copthorn. -— sylyaticus, Almond Park. -— carpinifolius, Almond Park. -— macrophyllus, Almond Park. -Rubus macrophyllus, Haughmond hill. -β. Schlechtendalii, -— Babingtonii, Almond Park. -— rudis, hedges & woods about Shrewsbury. -— β. Leightonii, Haughmond hill; Cross hill; - Berwick-road. -— fusco-ater, hedges generally -— — γ. echinatus. Almond Park. -— hirtus, Almond Park. -— glandulosus, γ. rosaceus, Almond Park. -— Schleicheri, Flash; Haughmond hill; Red hill. -— nemorosus, Haughmond hill; Weir Coppice. -— cæsius α. aquaticus, Flash. -— — δ. ferox, hedges near Greenfields. -Rosa villosa, near Shrewsbury. -Cratægus Oxyacantha, α. hedges near Shrewsbury. -Pyrus Malus, α. & β. hedges near Shrewsbury. -Peplis Portula, Bomere pool. -Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Berrington pool. -Montia fontana, Bomere pool. -Cotyledon Umbilicus, Haughmond hill. -Sedum Telephium, Haughmond hill. -— Forsterianium, Haughmond hill. -— reflexum, Shrewsbury Abbey walls. -Saxifraga granulata, near Harwood’s Boat-house. -Chrysosplenium alternifolium, Shelton wood. -Smyrnium Olusatrum, Shrewsbury Castle mound. -Sambucus Ebulus, Exford Green, -Valerianella dentata, fields near Bomere pool. -Inula Conyza, Nobold. -Artemisia Absinthium, Bomere pool. -Cichorium Intybus, Welbatch. -Hieracium boreale, Bickley Coppice. -Lobelia Dortmanna, Bomere and Berrington pools. -Campanula patula, banks of Severn, near Bickley - Coppice; Berrington. -Vaccinium Oxycoccus, Bomere pool. -Hyoscyamus niger, Haughmond Abbey. -Lathræa squamaria, Council-house garden. -Linaria Cymbalaria, Council-house walls;—naturalized. -— Elatine, near Sharpstones hill. -Orobanche major, Sharpstones hill. -Limosella aquatica, Shelton rough. -Veronica scutellata, Bomere pool. -— montana, Almond Park; Shelton wood. -— polita, cultivated ground, Shrewsbury. -Galeopsis versicolor, Calcott. -Ballota ruderalis, Bomere pool. -Lamium amplexicaule, Lyth hill. -Calamintha officinalis, Red hill. -Scutellaria minor, Haughmond hill; Oxon pool. -Utricularia minor, Bomere pool. -Hottonia palustris, Bomere pool; near Albright - Hussey. -Lysimachia vulgaris, Almond park pool. -Anagallis cærulea, near Shotton. -— tenella, Haughmond hill; Abbot’s Betton - pool. -Littorella lacustris, Bomere pool. -Plantago Coronopus, Lyth hill. -Chenopodium Bonus Henricus, Uffington, &c. -Rumex maritimus, Hancott pool. -— pratensis, Hancott pool. -— Hydrolapathum, New Park. -Polygonum Bistorta, Sutton; Meole Brace. -Euphorbia exigua, fields near Bomere pool. -— Lathyris, cultivated ground, Shrewsbury. -— amygdaloides, Almond Park: Lyth hill. -Butomus umbellatus, river Severn, and canal. -Alisma ranunculoides, Berrington pool. -— natans, Hancott pool. -Sagittaria sagittifolia, Canal between Shrewsbury and - Uffington. -Scheuchzeria palustris, Bomere pool. -Zannichellia palustris, Bomere. -Habenaria viridis, Bomere woods. -— chlorantha, Bomere woods. -Epipactis latifolia, Bomere woods. -Convallaria majalis, Pimhill. -Colchicum autumnale, fields near Dorsett’s barn; - Sutton. -Typha angustifolia, Berrington pool. -Potamogeton oblongus, Bomere pool. -— rufescens, pit near Sharpstones hill. -— heterophyllus, Berrington pool. -Sparganium natans, Bomere pool. -— simplex, Berrington pool. -Rhynchospora alba, Bomere pool. -Eriophorum vaginatum, Bomere and Hancott pools. -Carex curta, Bomere pool. -— ovalis, Bomere pool. -Carex muricata var: β. (_Smith_.) Sharpstones hill. -— divulsa, Cloud Coppice, Berrington. -— teretiuscula, Bomere pool. -— pseudo-cyperus, Bomere and Hancott pools; Canal. -— limosa, Bomere pool. -— vesicaria, Bomere pool. -— ampullacea. Bomere pool. -— filiformis, Bomere and Berrington pools. -Phalaris arundinacea, banks of Severn. -Brachypodium sylvaticum, woods and hedge banks. - - * * * * * - -For more ample details of the Botany of Shrewsbury and its vicinity, the -reader is referred to Leighton’s Flora of Shropshire. - - - - -INDEX. - - PAGE -ABBEY, 124—founded, 124—endowment, 126—dissolution, 128 -126—present remains of, 129—church, 129—western window, -130—armorial bearings in, 131—tower, 131—altar screen, -134—font, 135—north porch, 135—tombs in, 136—patronage of -the living, 128—descent of the abbatial property, -127—church estate -Abbey-foregate 155 -Abbots of Shrewsbury attended Parliaments 124 -Abbot’s lodging 143 -Acton Burnell, Parliament of, 126—Statute of 126 -Agricultural Shows 51 -Aldermen 8 -Alkmund’s, St. church, 94—old church, 96—new church 97 -Allatt, Mr. John, monument to 103 -—’s Charity school 118 -Almond Park 53 -Almshouses, St. Mary’s 83 -— St. Chad’s 113 -— St. Giles’s 153 -— Evans’s, (Meole) 157 -Anderson’s tomb 82 -Antiquities in Free School Library 46 -“Arbours” 176 -Ashton, Thomas, first head master of Free School 27 -Atcham village, church, and bridge 154 -Attingham Hall 154 -Bailiffs 8 -Baptists’ Meeting-house 168 -Barker Street 168 -Barker, Thomas, birth-place of 157 -—’s Delight, or the Art of Angling 157 -Baths, Royal 52 -Battlefield, 56—college and church, 56—monument in 56 -Battle of Shrewsbury, 61, 175—execution of prisoners, 162 -17—interments of slain, 61 -Beechey’s, Sir William, portrait of Lord Hill 7 -Bell Stone Mansion 169 -Belle Vue 157 -Belmont 113 -Benbow Place 52 -— Admiral, birth-place of 52 -— monument to 78 -— portrait of 7 -Bennette’s Halle 15 -Bernard, St. life of, stained glass 74 -Berwick house, chapel, and hospital 53 -Bevan’s “Records of the Salop Infirmary” 86 -Billiard Room 13 -Birds 186 -Bishopric of Shrewsbury 127 -Blakeway, Rev. J. B. monument to 72 -Blase St. Chapel of 117 -Blue School 121 -“Boards” of Shrewsbury School 33 -Bomere Pool 157 -Boucher, John, Bishop of Shrewsbury 127 -Bowdler’s Charity School 121 -Brick building first erected in Shrewsbury 170 -Bridge, English or Stone 121 -— old 122 -— Welsh 171 -— old, or St. George’s, 11 171 -— Railway, 47, 52, 53, 59 123 -British fortress, remains of, 23—princes, palace of 110 -Britons, first inhabited by 104 -Broadwell 52 -Brown School 123 -Butler, Bishop, 32—armorial bearings 71 -— statue to 81 -— portrait of 46 -Butcher Row, 16 99 -Butter Cross, old, 16—new 16 -Cadman’s monument 82 -Canal, Shrewsbury and Ellesmere 57 -Carline’s, Mr. John, skill in Gothic architecture, 67, 73 134 -Catherine’s, St., Chapel 76 -Castle Street 18 -Castle 23—situation of, 23—founded by Roger de Montgomery, 26 -25—gateway of, 21—keep, 23—rebuilt by Edward I., -26—besieged in the civil wars -— Gates, 11, 47—Foregate 54 -Cemetery, Abbey 129 -Cemetery, Dissenters’ 157 -Chad’s, Saint, Church, remains of old, 107—burnt, 111—fall 110 -of, 109—collegiate establishment -— New Church, 162—College 112 -— Almshouses, 113—figure of 167 -Chantry Chapels in St. Mary’s church, 70 76 -Charles I. portrait of, 14—lodged at the Council House, 146 -21—received Sacrament at St. Mary’s, 64—addresses army -Charles II. portrait of 7 -Charlotte, Queen of George III, portrait of 7 -Charlton Hall 168 -Charleton, Lords of Powis, 75 168 -Charters 8 -Cholera 153 -Christ Church, Oxon. 177 -Church Street 93 -Church of England Literary and Scientific Institute 90 -Circus 170 -Clive, Lord, portrait of 89 -Coal Depôt of Railway 50 -— — Shropshire, and Staffordshire 50 -— — Welsh 50 -— wharfs 57 -Coleham 155 -College Hill 114 -Column, Lord Hill’s 146 -Corbet Monument in Battlefield Church 56 -Corn Market 11 -Corporation 8 -Corpus Christi procession 176 -Coton Hill 53 -Council House, 20—gateway, 19—hall and great chamber 20 -— of the Marches of Wales 20 -Councilmen 8 -County Goal 57 -Courts of Assize 6 -Cross, High, 17—Street 54 -Crucifixion, sculpture of 142 -“Dana,” the 59 -David, last British Prince of Wales, trial of 126 -— execution of 17 -Depôt, the 154 -Dingle 160 -Dogpole 91 -Dominican, or Black Friars 60 -Dormitory, Monks’ 141 -Douglas, Earl, death of 57 -Drapers’ Company 85 -— Hall, 85—curious apartment in, 85—portraits in 85 -Dry Dingle, remains of amphitheatre in 161 -Durer, Albert, stained glass by 74 -Ebenezer Meeting-house 119 -Edward I., keep of the Castle erected by 24 -— rebuilds Castle 24 -Edward III., statue of 131 -Edward IV., portrait of 85 -— occasional residence of 60 -— Queen of 61 -Edward VI., portrait of 46 -Eleanor’s (Queen) Bower 57 -Elizabeth, Queen, armorial bearings of 10 -Evans’s Almshouses 157 -Evans, Mr. D., skill in glass staining, 55, 71, 79, 134, 174 -149, 164 -Evans, R. Esq., portrait of Admiral Owen 7 -Exchequer 5 -Fairs for Cattle 11, 51,—Horses 52 -Farm yard, existence of an ancient 5 -Farquhar, George 18 -Flora of Shropshire 191 -Fonts, in St. Mary’s church, 76—Abbey, 135—St. Giles, 165 -163—St. Chad’s -Foundation of Shrewsbury by the Britons 2 -Frankwell, suburb of, 172—sweating sickness in 172 -Freehold Land Society 57 -Free Schools, 26—endowment and revenues, 27, 43 -28—scholarships and exhibitions, 29—masters, -31—instruction, 31—school rooms, 43—chapel, 44—library, -45—eminent men educated at, 31, 45—“boards” of, 33—gateway -Friars, Austin, 161—Dominican, 60—Franciscan or Grey 158 -Gas-works 57 -Gates of the Town—Waterlane, 60—Castle Gates, 11 47 -Gateway of the Castle, 22—Council House 19 -“Genealogy of Christ from Jesse,” stained glass 74 -George’s, St. Church, 173—stained glass in 174 -George I., portrait of 7 -George II., portrait of, 7—III., portrait of 7 -Giles’s, St. Church, 148—stained glass in, 149—tombs in, 151 -150—font, 150—cross, 152—restoration -— Hospital, endowment of, 153—appointment of master 153 -Glass, stained, in St. Michael’s Church, 60—in St. Mary’s 45 -Church, 69, 71, 74, 75, 77, 79, 82—in St. Alkmund’s Church, -97—in St. Julian’s Church, 102—in Abbey Church, 132, 133—in -St. Giles’s Church, 149—in Trinity Church, 157—in St. -Chad’s Church, 164—in St. George’s Church, 174—in Free -School Library -Goods Depôt of Railway 57 -Government, local 8 -Government School of Art and Design 117 -Guesten Hall of Abbey 143 -Guild Hall, ancient 4 -— merchant 8 -— House of the Fraternity of the Holy Cross 99 -— of St. Wenefrede, 125—Ditto of B. V. Mary 105 -Hazledine, Wm., bust of 166 -Haughmond Hill, 57—Abbey, 57—origin of the name 57 -— Abbots of, town house of 169 -Head masters of Free Schools, portraits of 46 -Heaving, custom of 179 -Henry I., privilege conferred by 8 -— II., first charter granted by 8 -— III., guild merchant recognized by charter of 8 -— VII., house in which he lodged 104 -— VIII., portrait of 46 -High Street 14 -Hill, Lord, portrait of, 7, 89—Column in honour of 146 -Hill, Sir Rowland, Bart., portrait of 89 -Hill’s Lane 169 -— Mansion 170 -History of Shrewsbury 3 -Holy Cross, Church of the 129 -Hospital for lepers, 162 167 -Hospital of the Holy Cross 143 -House of Industry 180 -Howard Street 57 -— Bust of, by Bacon 58 -Independent Meeting-house, 47, 118 168 -Infirmary, Salop, 86—view from terrace of, 89—Monks’ 140 -Inscription on Blakeway’s Monument 73 -Inscription on Bishop Butler’s do. 81—on Wigram’s do. 80 -— on Benbow’s ditto 78 -Ireland’s Mansion, 14—family, armorial bearings of 15 -James II. kept his Court at Council House 21 -John’s, St. Hill 167 -— or Wesleyan Methodist Meeting-house 167 -Jones’s Mansion 90 -— Lord Chief Justice, 90—monument of 98 -Jones, Thomas, Esq., first Mayor of Shrewsbury 90 -Judges’ Lodgings 114 -Julian’s, St., Church, 100—stained glass in, 102—tombs in 103 -Juliana, St., ancient sculpture of 102 -Kingsland 176 -Keep of the Castle 24 -Kennedy, Rev. B. H., D.D. 32 -Knights of the Shire, ceremony relative to 25 -Laura’s Tower 24 -Lawrence, Mr. Robert, monument to 103 -Leaton Shelf 53 -Lepers, Hospital of 153 -Leybourne Chapel, 78—Monument 79 -Lilleshall Abbey 96 -Llewellyn, Prince of Wales 64 -Longner Hall 155 -Lunatic Asylum 177 -Magistrates 8 -Manufactures of Shrewsbury 2 -Manufactory of Linen Thread 57 -Mardol 169 -Market Square, 9—antique appearance of 9 -— House, 9—Cattle, 51—Corn, 11—General, 11—New Butter and 9 -Cheese, 57—Vegetable -Mary, Queen, accession, 92—President of Marches,—92 92 -armorial bearings -Mary’s, Saint, Church, 62—collegiate buildings, 17—Royal 77 -Peculiar, 63—patronage, 63—extent of parish, -64—architecture of, 64—dimensions, 65—tower and spire, -65—porches, 66—nave, 66—organ screen, 67—carved wooden -ceiling, 67—ancient choir, 70—stone pulpit, 70—triple -lancet window, 74—transept, 70—stained glass in, 69, 71, -74, 76, 77, 79, 82, 89—font, 76—monuments, 71, 77, 79, 80, -82—chancel, 73—chantry chapels, 73 -Mary’s, St., Almshouses, 83—Turnstile 89 -Mayor 8 -Mechanics’ Institute 11 -Meole Brace Village, 157—Bridge, 157—Brook 157 -Mercer’s Company 113 -Mercers’ Hall 113 -Merivale 123 -Methodists’, Wesleyan, Meeting-house, 57 167 -— Calvinist, Meeting-house 168 -Michael’s, St., Chapel in the Castle 25 -Michael’s, St., Church, 54—stained glass in 55 -— schools 55 -Millington’s Hospital 175 -Monk’s Dormitory 141 -— Infirmary 140 -Montgomery, Roger de, statue of 24 -— founder of the castle 25 -Monuments in St. Mary’s church, 71, 72, 77, 78, 79, 80 82 -— St. Julian’s church, 103—St. Chad’s church 165 -— St. Alkmund’s church, 98—Abbey church 136 -Murivance 119 -Museum of the Shropshire and North Wales Natural History 115 -and Antiquarian Society -Music Hall 13 -Mysteries, or Miracle Plays 161 -Mytton, family of 114 -Name, Saxon, of Shrewsbury 2 -Natives, eminent 182 -Natural History and Antiquarian Society 115 -News Room 13 -Nicholas, St., Chapel of 18 -Norman Earls of Shrewsbury 8 -— fortress, remains of 21 -“Olde House,” 91—ancient paintings in 91 -— inscription in 92 -Ordericus Vitalis 154 -Organs in Music Hall, 13—St. Mary’s Church, 68—St. 165 -Michael’s, 55—St. Alkmund’s, 97—St. Julian’s, 102—Abbey, -152—Trinity, 157—St. George’s, 174—St. Chad’s -Organ Screen in St. Mary’s Church 67 -Owen, Admiral, portrait of 7 -— Archdeacon, Monument of 103 -Owens of Condover 20 -Paintings at Sundorne Castle 56 -Palace of the British Princes 110 -Parliament of Shrewsbury, called the Great 126 -— Edward I., 1283, held in the Abbey 126 -Pavement, High 17 -Percy, Earl of Worcester, corpse of 79 -Persons eminent, educated at the Free Schools, 31 33 -“Pest-basin” 152 -Plague, visitations of 152 -Plantagenet, Geo., son of Edward IV. 61 -Plants, wild 191 -Platforms, Railway 49 -Police Station 13 -Population of Shrewsbury 2 -Portraits in Free School Library 46 -— at the Infirmary, 97—Town Hall 7 -Post Office Old 106 -Post Office 13 -Poultry Market 16 -Pride Hill 17 -— family of, 17—mansion 17 17 -Prince, Richard, Esq. 145 -Prisoners at Battle of Shrewsbury 17 -Prison Charities 58 -“Proud Salopians,” origin of the term 127 -Public Rooms 12 -Pulpit, Stone, in the Abbey Refectory 141 -Quakers’ Meeting-house 167 -Quarry, the 159 -Quays 170 -“Queen Eleanor’s Bower” 57 -Race Course 146 -Railway, Shrewsbury and Birmingham 51 -Railway, Shrewsbury and Chester 51 -— Shrewsbury and Hereford 51 -— Bridge, 47, 52, 53, 59, 123—Viaduct, 59—Station 47 -— Platforms, 49—Goods, &c. Depôt 50 -Raven Inn 18 -Raven Meadow 51 -“Recruiting Officer,” Comedy of 18 -Reformation of Religion 111 -Richard, Duke of York, Statue of 10 -Roger de Montgomery, Statue of 24 -Roman Antiquities in Free Schools Library 46 -— Catholic Meeting-house 120 -Roushill Walls 120 -Rowland, Rev. W. G., pious munificence of, 55, 67 151 -Rowley’s Mansion, 170—Memorial, 70 71 -Rupert, Prince 90 -Sandemanians, or Scotch Baptists’, Meeting-House 168 -Scott, Rev. R., pious munificence of, 103, 134, 139, 152, 174 -157, 164 -— monuments to, 98, 139 166 -Seal of Churchwardens of Abbey 128 -Severn, 1 157 -“Sextry,” the 112 -Sharpstones Hill 157 -Shearman’s Hall, 105—Company 105 -Shelton Oak, 177—Shelton 177 -Sherar’s Mansion, 121—“Shermen’s Tree,” the 105 -Shoplatch 169 -Shrewsbury, situation of, 1—Saxon name of, 2—population, 127 -2—manufactures, 2—foundation, 3—history, 3—siege, -6—intended to be made a bishopric -— Show 178 -— Richard, Duke of York 61 -Shutt Place 169 -Sidney, Sir Henry 112 -Simpson, Mr., bust of 166 -Smith, Mr. S. Pountney, skill in Ecclesiastical 70 -Architecture, 66 -Smithfield 51 -“Soldier’s Piece” 146 -Spire of St. Mary’s Church 66 -— St. Alkmund’s Ditto 97 -Stamp Office 13 -Station, Railway 47 -Street Act Office 13 -Suffragan Bishops 127 -Sundorne Castle, 56—paintings in 56 -Sutton Spa 153 -Swan Hill 118 -Sweating Sickness, 152 172 -Talbot Buildings 13 -Tankerville Place 144 -Taylor, Dr. John 27 -Theatre 168 -Thomas Lewis, Suffragan Bishop of Salop 127 -Thorpe, Master William 111 -Timber Houses, ancient, 9, 16, 19, 99, 104, 106 123 -Tomb of Thomas Percy, Earl of Worcester, 79—Earl Roger de 159 -Montgomery, 136—a Judge, 136—a Priest, 137—Sir Walter de -Dunstanville, 137—a Hermit, 137—Charlton family, 137—Onslow -family, 138—Jones’s family, 138—Edwardes’s family, -139—Alderman Lloyd, 139—Rev. R. Scott, 139—Masters of St. -Giles’s Hospital, 150—“Confessor Burton,” 155—Lady Hawise -Charleton -Tower on Town Walls 119 -Town, armorial bearings of 11 -Town Walls, remains and former extent of 120 -— Hall, 4—old, 5—new 6 -Trade in Welsh woollen cloths 86 -Trinity Church 156 -Trinity aisle 78 -Unitarian Meeting-house 168 -Uriconium, 2 155 -Vaughan’s Mansion, 14 114 -Vegetable Market 9 -Viaduct, Railway 59 -View from Terrace of Infirmary 89 -View from Coton Hill Railway Bridge 53 -Vineyard, Abbots’ 61 -Walls, Town, remains of 120 -Walnut Tree at White Hall 144 -Wards 8 -Water works 52 -Water-lane 60 -Water-lane Gateway 60 -Watur, Degory, 83—portrait of 85 -Weeping Cross, 135 177 -Wenefrede, St., 125—translation of, 125, 149—chantry 135 -White Hall 144 -White Hall Place 144 -William III., portrait of 7 -Wrekin 156 -Wroxeter, 3, 155—church, 155—tombs in 156 -Wyle, top of the 104 -— Cop 104 - - * * * * * - - THE END. - - * * * * * - - * * * * * - - Printed by JOHN DAVIES, High Street, Shrewsbury. - - - - -STREETS. {i} - - -_Names_. - - _Principal Objects in_. - -ABBEY FOREGATE—Abbey Church, 129—Reader’s Pulpit, 141—Hospital of Holy -Cross, 143—White Hall, 144—Lord Hill’s Column, 146—St. Giles’s Church, -148—Depôt, 154 - -BARKER STREET—Austin Friars, 161—Bell Stone Mansion, 169 - -BELMONT—Old St. Chad’s Church, 107 - -BUTCHER ROW—Timber Mansion, 16, 99 - -CASTLE STREET—Raven Inn, 18—St. Nicholas’s Chapel, 18—Council House, -19—Castle, 21—Free Schools, 26 - -CASTLE GATE—Railway Station, 47—Smithfield, 51 - -CASTLE FOREGATE—St. Michael’s Church, 54—Linen Manufactory, 57 - -CHURCH STREET—St. Alkmund’s Church, 94 - -COLEHAM—Trinity Church, 156 - -COLLEGE HILL—Vaughan’s Mansion, 114—Museum, 115—School of Art, 117 - -COTON HILL—Water Works, 52—Benbow Place, 52 - -DOGPOLE—St. Mary’s Almshouses, 83—Jones’s Mansion, 90—Church Institute, -90—“Olde House,” 91 - -FRANKWELL—St. George’s Church, 173—Millington’s Hospital, 175 - -HIGH STREET—Ireland’s Mansion, 14—Old Post Office, 106—Shearman’s Hall, -105—Unitarian Meeting-House, 168 - -HILL’S LANE—Rowley’s Mansion, 170 - -HOWARD STREET—Cheese and Butter Market Hall, 57 - -ST. JOHN’S HILL—St. John’s Wesleyan Methodist Meeting-House, 167—Quakers’ -Meeting-House, 167—Charleton Mansion, 168—Theatre, 168 - -MARDOL—Welsh Bridge, 171 - -MARKET SQUARE—Market Hall, 9—Town Hall, 4—Mechanics’ Institution, 11—News -Room, 13—Police Station, 13—Public Rooms, 12—Post Office, 13—Music Hall, -13 - -ST. MARY’S PLACE—St. Mary’s Church, 62—Drapers’ Hall, 85—Infirmary, 86 - -MERIVALE—Brown School, 123 - -MURIVANCE—Allatt’s School, 118—Ebenezer Meeting-House, 119—Tower on Town -Walls, 119—Roman Catholic Meeting-House, 120—Bowdler’s School, 121 - -PRIDE HILL—“Bennette’s Halle,” 15—Butter Cross, 16 - -QUARRY TERRACE—St. Chad’s Church, 162 - -SHOPLATCH—Abbot of Haughmond’s Mansion, 169 - -SWAN HILL—Independent Meeting-House, 118 - -WYLE COP—St. Julian’s Church, 100—English Bridge, 121 - - * * * * * - - - - -The Shrewsbury Guide Advertiser. - - - _August_, 1855. - - * * * * * - - - -W. WOOLRICH’S -COMMERCIAL DINING AND GENERAL -Refreshment Rooms, -WITHIN TWO MINUTES WALK OF THE RAILWAY STATION, -_On the same side at the Royal Free Grammar School_, - - - CASTLE STREET, SHREWSBURY. - -The above Establishment possesses all the advantages, comforts and -convenience of an Inn and General Boarding House, rendering every -accommodation and great facility to commercial travellers and visitors, -being situate at equal distances between the Market and Railway Station, -in the immediate vicinity of the Castle, the Grammar School, and St. -Mary’s Church, three of the principal ornaments of the town. - - → AN ORDINARY EVERY DAY AT ONE O’CLOCK. - - _Prime Shropshire Ale.—Well-aired Beds_. - - * * * * * - - - -T. HARRIS, -Wholesale and Retail Confectioner, - - - Corner of the School Lane, Castle Street, Shrewsbury, - - Manufacturer of the celebrated SHREWSBURY CAKES, Bride Cakes, - and every kind of Biscuits and Confectionery. - - _Dealer in British Wines_, _Fruits_, _Potted Meat_, _&c._ _&c._ - - A comfortable Private Room is kept to accommodate visitors wishing - to sit down and partake of any of the above articles. - - * * * * * - - - -LONDON HOUSE, -General Stay & Bonnet Establishment. - - - * * * * * - - HERBERT’S - WHOLESALE AND RETAIL - LINEN AND WOOLLEN DRAPERY, - Silk Mercery, Hosiery, Haberdashery, - AND - - GLOVE ESTABLISHMENT, - PRIDE HILL, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF - MANTLES, MILLINERY, BABY LINEN, - STRAW BONNETS AND STAYS. - - —_o_— - - Gloves, Ribbons, Flowers, Blonds, Lace, and every other article - in the Drapery and Millinery Trade. - - —_o_— - - UMBRELLAS AND PARASOLS IN GREAT VARIETY. - - _A great variety of Widows’ Caps always on hand_. - - Funerals completely Furnished, Family Mourning, &c. - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Picture of three archers] - - - -SAMUEL HULME, -HAIR CUTTER & PERFUMER, -HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY, - - -Begs to inform the Nobility and Public in general, that he has on hand an -assortment of all kinds of Archery from the first manufacturers in -London, also Cricket Bats, Balls, and Wickets; Umbrellas, Oiled Silks and -Bathing Caps; Combs of all kinds, Hair, Tooth, Cloth, and Nail Brushes, -Turkey and Honey-Comb Sponges; Ornamental Hair, of the newest fashion; -Toys, Writing Desks, Work Boxes, and genuine Perfumery. - - Only Agent in Salop for the improved TURKISH HAIR DYE. - _The whole of the Stock is now Selling Off at Reduced Prices_. - S. H. returns thanks for past favours. - - * * * * * - - CABINET, UPHOLSTERY, & PAPER HANGING - ESTABLISHMENT, - 9, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY, - LATELY OCCUPIED BY MESSRS. T. & S. POOLE. - - * * * * * - - - -HENRY PROBERT, -PROPRIETOR, - - - * * * * * - - Paper Hangings of the newest London and Parisian - Designs, at moderate charges. - - Experienced Hands sent to any part of Town or Country. - Chairs, Sofas, Dining and Loo Tables, Feather Beds, Mattresses, - Patent Floor Cloths, Rugs, Mats, Matting, &c. - Furniture and Cabinet Work of first-rate quality, and every - Article connected with the Trade. - - * * * * * - - - -HENRY ATKIN, -WINE AND SPIRIT MERCHANT, - - - HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY, - - _Sole Agent for the sale of_ - - ALLSOPP’S EAST INDIA, PALE, AND - OTHER BURTON ALES, - REID & Co’s SUPERIOR LONDON STOUT - PORTERS, AND - GUINNESS, SONS & Co.’s DUBLIN STOUT, - - _In Wood and Bottle_, _Wholesale and Retail_. - - * * * * * - - - -Bull’s Head Commercial Inn, & Posting House, -CASTLE GATES, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - ROBERT GLOVER - -Respectfully invites the attention of Commercial Gentlemen, Farmers, -Dealers and others, to the above old established Inn, where they will -find superior accommodation combined with moderate charges. - - Post Horses, Flys, Gigs, &c. on the shortest notice. - - Good Stabling. Lock-up Coach Houses. Well-aired Beds. - _An Ordinary every Saturday at One o’clock_. - Observe—BULL’S HEAD INN, adjoining the Railway Station, within - One Minutes walk of the Cattle Market. - - * * * * * - - - -The late J. F. M. Dovaston, Esq. M.A. - - - In 8vo. sd. Price 8d. - -THREE POPULAR LECTURES; ONE on NATURAL HISTORY, and TWO on NATIONAL -MELODY, By John F. M. Dovaston, Esq. M.A. - - * * * * * - - Published by JOHN DAVIES, 15, High Street, Shrewsbury. - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Royal coat of arms] - - - -W. ARMSTRONG, -WOOLLEN DRAPER, -Tailor & Habit Maker, - - - 11, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - WATERPROOF TWEED, AND MELTON CLOTH CLOAKS. - - * * * * * - - - -JOHN CALCOTT, - - - (_From Grieves’_, _Bond Street_,) - - BOOT AND SHOE MAKER, - - No. 4, HIGH STREET, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Royal coat of arms] - - - -SHREWSBURY ROYAL BATHS. -NEAR THE RAILWAY STATION. - - - * * * * * - - W. EBREY, PROPRIETOR. - - * * * * * - - - -LEEDS HOUSE, - - - WHOLESALE AND RETAIL - WOOLLEN CLOTH - Establishment, - MARKET SQUARE, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - J. A. MEARA, PROPRIETOR. - - * * * * * - - 13, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -THOMAS ANDREW, -HOSIER, GLOVER, AND SHIRT MAKER. - - - * * * * * - - BERLIN AND FANCY REPOSITORY. - - * * * * * - - Agent to Messrs. H. J. & D. NICOLL, Regent Street, London. - - * * * * * - - 41, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -CHARLES J. HANMER, -BOOT & SHOE MANUFACTURER. - - - * * * * * - - A large assortment of Ladies’, Gentlemen’s, and Children’s - Boots and Shoes on Sale, for ready money. - - _Agent to the Plate Glass Assurance Company_. - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Royal coat of arms] - - - -SHROPSHIRE HAT MANUFACTORY, - - - _Wholesale and Retail_, - TOP OF PRIDE HILL, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - Craston and Co.’s Celebrated Hats, - Manufactured upon the most improved principles. - - * * * * * - -The great and increasing demand for these Hats, afford real and -unmistaken proof of their superiority. Encouraged by this proof of -public favour, we shall proceed with the improving spirit of the age in -carrying out, in all its integrity, that mode of business which we have -so successfully originated in the County of Salop. - -Hats made to order on the shortest notice from 3¼ oz. by the most -experienced workmen. - - _Cloth and Travelling Caps_, _Hat Cases_, _Carpet Bags_, _&c._ _&c._ - - * * * * * - - - -[Picture: Coat of Arms, Honi Soit Mal y Pense] ROYAL -SHREWSBURY CAKES. - - - * * * * * - - VINCENT CRUMP, - (_By Special Appointment_,) - CONFECTIONER - TO - HER MOST GRACIOUS MAJESTY THE QUEEN, - WYLE COP AND PRIDE HILL, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -THE CELEBRATED SHREWSBURY CAKES, - - - “Whose honour’d name the inventive city owns, - Rendering through Britain’s isle Salopia’s praises known.” - - _Are Manufactured by_ - DANIEL DAVIES, - CONFECTIONER AND BRIDE CAKE MAKER, - _Castle Gates_, _adjoining the Entrance to the Railway Station_, - _Shrewsbury_. - RICH BRIDE CAKES, - Always on hand, or made to order, at the shortest notice. - - * * * * * - - - -MR. THOMAS EDWARDS, - - - Auctioneer, Appraiser, and Valuer, - - MARDOL HEAD, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -MR. C. J. ARBLASTER, - - - Dispensing and Family Chemist, - CASTLE STREET, SHREWSBURY, - - (_Within two minutes walk from the Railway Station_.) - - * * * * * - - - -EDWARD EDWARDS, -HOSIER, -Haberdasher, and General Small Ware Dealer, - - - 58, MARDOL, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - _Crochet Cotton_, _and Berlin Wools_. - - * * * * * - - - -CHARLES SAXELBY, -Tailor, Trouser and Breeches’ -MAKER, -CASTLE STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - _Ladies’ and Gentlemen’s Waterproof Tweed Cloaks and Coats_. - - * * * * * - - - -MRS. LONGMORE, -BAZAAR & FANCY REPOSITORY, -18, HIGH STREET, -SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - - -TIMOTHY POWELL, -BAKER AND CONFECTIONER, -58, MARDOL, SHREWSBURY. - -Rich Bride 1s. 8d. per lb. Dover Cakes 0s. 8d. per lb. -Cakes -Fruit Cakes 0s. 8d. „ Rich Citron 1s. 4d. „ - ditto - - Fancy Biscuits of every description 6d. to 2s. per lb. - - A great variety of Confectionery, 1s. to 3s. 6d. „ - - Genuine Shrewsbury Cakes ... 1s. 8d. per box. - - _Orders executed at the shortest notice_. - - * * * * * - - - -MRS. HORTON’S -Millinery and Baby Linen -ESTABLISHMENT, -19, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Royal coat of arms] - - - -REDMAYNE AND CO. - - - MARKET SQUARE, SHREWSBURY, - - Silk Mercers and Linen - - DRAPERS. - - ALSO AT - 20, NEW BOND STREET, LONDON, & HARROWGATE. - Funerals Furnished. - - * * * * * - - - -R. DODSON’S -STATUARY, MASONRY, - - - AND - GENERAL BUILDING WORKS, - ST. MARY’S PLACE, CASTLE STREET, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - THE SHOW ROOMS - CONTAIN UPWARDS OF - One Hundred Marble and Stone Chimney Pieces, - Monuments, Tombs, Head Stones, - FONTS, FOUNTAINS, VASES, &c. &c. - _Designs forwarded for inspection_. - - * * * * * - - - -J. HANNY, -CLOCK AND WATCH MAKER, - - - OPPOSITE THE LION HOTEL, - WYLE COP, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - CLOCKS AND WATCHES of every description, made or - obtained to older, cleaned and repaired, on the shortest notice. - - CHURCH, TURRET, & HOUSE CLOCKS - KEPT IN A GOOD GOING STATE, AT PER ANNUM. - - * * * * * - - GOLD WEDDING RINGS. - - * * * * * - - - -R. STEPHENS, - - - BOOT AND SHOE ESTABLISHMENT, - MARDOL HEAD, SHREWSBURY. - - Register Office for Families and Servants, conducted by - Mrs. STEPHENS, Mardol Head, Shrewsbury. - - AGENT FOR - THE TIMES FIRE ASSURANCE COMPANY. - _Plate and other Glass Insured against Breakage_. - - * * * * * - - - -E. ROBERTS, - - - TAILOR AND DRAPER, - SHOPLATCH, SHREWSBURY, - OPPOSITE THE GEORGE HOTEL. - - * * * * * - - - -JOHN MORGAN, - - - MARKET STREET, - SHREWSBURY, - - Guano, Seed, and Coal Merchant, - AGENT FOR - LAWES’ PATENT SUPER-PHOSPHATE OF LIME, - DEALER IN LIME, SALT, LINSEED CAKE, - _BANGOR SLATE_, _BROSELY TILE_, _&c._ - - DEPÔTS, - Shrewsbury and Chester Railway Stations, Salop, and - the Stations on the Shrewsbury and Hereford Railway. - - * * * * * - - - -F. H. WORTH, - - - (FORMERLY ACTON AND WORTH,) - - COACH BUILDER, - OPPOSITE WELSH BRIDGE, SHREWSBURY. - HERALDRY, - HATCHMENTS AND BANNERS. - COACH AND ORNAMENTAL PAINTER. - - * * * * * - - In one handsome volume, 8vo. with nineteen Plates, cloth, 8s. - - - -A FLORA -OF -SHROPSHIRE, - - - By the Rev. W. A. LEIGHTON, B.A., F.B.S.E. - -We cannot too strongly recommend it to the notice of our readers. For -though as a local Flora, it professes to treat only of the plants of a -single county, that county produces more than half the number of species -of flowering plants indigenous to the Kingdom. The descriptions are -unusually full and carefully drawn up. We have good ground for saying -that the Flora of Shropshire should be in the hands of every one who -feels interested in the botanical productions of the British -Isles.—_Phytologist_. - -We look upon the appearance of this work as being a great step in advance -in the progress of British indigenous botany—for although it is -professedly confined to the description of the plants of a single county, -yet as clearly shewing the incorrectness of the idea “that a New Flora in -the true sense or the term has become impossible,”—it is indispensable to -every botanist who desires to obtain a thorough knowledge of our native -plants.—_Jardine’s Annals of Natural History_. - -Highly interesting work. The “Index to the Localities,” where each plant -may be found in Shropshire, is very elaborate.—_Shrewsbury Chronicle_. - -We were struck with the very correct manner in which he (Mr. Leighton) -has systematically arranged, the perspicuous accuracy with which he has -described, and the discriminating tact with which he has distinguished -all and every of our Salopian flowering herbs and trees; the whole -interspersed frequently with their medicinal and chemical powers, ancient -and modern customs, local anecdotes, scraps of poetry and fanciful -illustrations. Works of this kind, though learned, are too often dry and -monotonous; but as regards this, we may truly say to the -botanist—_indocti discant_, _et ament meminisse periti_; and we may -assure general readers of every description, particularly those of -Shropshire, that, though lacking nothing of learning or science, Mr. -Leighton has, with much taste and fancy, contrived to make his Flora “a -perpetual flow of nectar’d sweets, where no crude surfeit -reigns.”—_News_. - -Carefully and critically executed.—_Athenæum_. - - * * * * * - -Shrewsbury: JOHN DAVIES 15, High Street. London: W. Pamplin, 45, Frith -Street, Soho Square. - - * * * * * - - - -OBSERVE!—WATERLOO HOUSE, -THE CHEAPEST HOUSE -FOR WOOLLEN CLOTHS, CLOTHING, AND HATS. - - - * * * * * - - [Picture: Man holding hat] HENRY HOWELL,[Picture: Man holding hat] - - HIGH STREET, - SHREWSBURY, - -BEGS to offer every description of CLOTHING, from the most costly and -Fashionable to the humblest attire of the Artizan. - -The Prices of this Establishment, it must be particularly noted, are -Forty per Cent. Lower than at any other House in this part of England, -because the Proprietor “SELLS ALL HIS GOODS AT THE LOWEST PROFITS FOR -CASH ONLY,” as the following prices will show - - £. s. d. -New Cape or Overcoat from 0 12 6 -The Albert Coat, in Black Cloth 1 1 0 -Dress and Frock ditto 1 1 0 -The Paletot, a Gentlemanly Coat 1 8 0 -Autumn and Winter Trousers 0 10 6 -Ditto in plain and fancy Doeskins 0 10 6 -Fancy Silk. Satin and Cloth Vests 0 5 6 -Shooting Coats in great variety 0 12 6 -Over Coats, lined with Wool, from 0 15 0 - - A SUIT OF MOURNING COMPLETE FOR £1. 15s. - _Boys’ and Youths’ Clothing of every description_. - - HATS! [Picture: Picture of HATS! - top hat] - _A Good Silk Hat_, _French Velvet_, - 3_s._ 6_d._ _Nap Hats_, -French Hats, for Boys _from_ 5_s._ 6_d._ - and Youths, for 4s. Military and Cloth - 6d. Caps - usually sold for 6s. 1s. to 2s. each. - - FANCY NECKERCHIEFS, TIES, COLLARS, BRACES, &c. - - _Agent for Macintosh’s Waterproof Garments_, _and the New_ - _Patent Lever Buckle Braces_. - - Observe the Address—H. HOWELL’S Outfitting Establishment, - No. 24, High Street, Opposite the Old Bank, Shrewsbury. - - * * * * * - - - -RICHARD MARSTON, -GLASS, CHINA, & EARTHENWARE -Warehouse, -MARKET STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF GLASS SHADES. - - ORDERS EXECUTED AND ARTICLES MATCHED - - _With the greatest possible promptitude_. - - AGENT FOR THE - United Kingdom Temperance and General Provident Institution, - 39, Moorgate Street, London. - - * * * * * - - - -LONDON HAT WAREHOUSE. - - - * * * * * - - J. G. SAUNDERS, - (_Late Wilding_,) - 33, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -Samuel Butler, D.D. Bp. of Lichfield. - - - * * * * * - -PORTRAIT OF THE RIGHT REVEREND SAMUEL BUTLER, D.D. [late] Lord Bishop of -Lichfield, Painted by Thomas Phillips, R.A., Engraved by S. Cousins, -A.R.A. - - _£_ _s._ _d._ -Prints, (Published at 1 1 0) 0 5 0 -Proofs, (Published at 2 2 0) 0 10 0 -Proofs before Letters, (Published at 3 3 0) 0 15 0 -Proofs with Autograph, (Published at 3 3 0) 0 15 0 - - Shrewsbury: JOHN DAVIES, 15, High Street. - - * * * * * - - - -JAMES PHILLIPS, - - - TAILOR AND HABIT - Maker, - 37, HIGH STREET, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - Maker of the Ladies’ Waterproof Tweed Cloaks and - Riding Jackets. - - * * * * * - - No. 10, HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -EDWARD LEE, -FURNISHING IRONMONGER, CUTLER, &c. - - - * * * * * - - BAR IRON, NAILS, OILS, COLOURS, &c. - - * * * * * - - - -Just Published, Price 6d. - - - A Plan of the Town and Suburbs of Shrewsbury, - corrected to the present time. - - Published by JOHN DAVIES, 15, High Street. - Sold by all Booksellers. - - * * * * * - - In a wrapper, 4to. Price 2s. - - - -Twenty-one Views in Shrewsbury. - - - Shrewsbury: JOHN DAVIES 15, High Street. - - * * * * * - - - -DAVID DAVIES, -COACH BUILDER, -AND -Designer, - - - ST. JULIAN’S FRIARS, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -HENRY SHAW, -FISHING TACKLE MANUFACTURER, -AND ORNITHOLOGIST, - - - HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - ESTABLISHED UPWARDS OF HALF A CENTURY. - - * * * * * - - - -B. EVANS, -Confectioner, Fancy Bread and Biscuit-Baker, -HIGH STREET, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - -Rich Bride, Citron, Rout, Dessert, Plain and Ornamental Cakes. Captains, -Bath, Sponge, Savoy, French and Baby Biscuits, Best Gingerbread, Hunting -Nuts, and Pastry of all kinds. Shrewsbury Cakes and Funeral Biscuits -made to order at the shortest notice. - - * * * * * - - - -JAMES ICKE, - - - WHOLESALE, FAMILY, AND RETAIL - - Grocer and Tea Dealer, - - _Opposite the Post Office_, - - MARKET STREET, - - _And Two Doors from the_ - - BUTTER CROSS, PRIDE HILL, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - BISCUITS, PICKLES, FISH SAUCES, &c. &c. - AT - WHOLESALE PRICES. - - * * * * * - - - -CLASS V. PARIS INDUSTRIAL EXHIBITION. - - - * * * * * - - WILLIAM D. JONES, - Hunting, Racing, & Steeple - Chase Saddler, - HARNESS AND CAP MANUFACTURER, - SHREWSBURY. - - —o— - - Hunting Horns and Caps, Racing Jackets and Caps, Greyhound - Clothing; Retriever Starters, Universal Game Carriers, &c. &c. - - SOLE MAKES OF - THE IMPROVED PATENT GREYHOUND SLIPS: - - _One trial will prove their decided superiority over all others_. - - Trunks, Portmanteaus, Carpet and Enamelled Leather Travelling - Bags; Ladies’ Travelling Cases; Letter Bags, &c. &c. - - * * * * * - -The London _Morning Post_ thus speaks of the Race Saddle now at the Paris -Exhibition, made by the Advertiser:— - - “Foremost in the list of exhibitors for beautiful workmanship stands - the name of Mr. W. D. Jones, of Shrewsbury. This gentleman shows a - very elegant racing saddle, designed and manufactured by himself, and - exhibited for its extreme lightness, its comfort combined with - elegance of shape, and the novelty of its embellishments. The saddle - is little if anything more than 2lbs. in weight, though, of course, - that can always be increased to please the customer; it is - sufficiently long in the seat to give the greatest ease to the rider, - and it is embellished with bunches of roses, thistles, and shamrocks, - interwoven with oak foliage and acorns—the whole of the ornamentation - being executed in relief by hand labour only. The case containing - this beautiful saddle is always surrounded by large numbers of the - higher class of visitors to the Exhibition, to whom it appears to - give universal satisfaction. Mr. Jones was an exhibitor in Hyde Park - of the Royal Albert Shot Belt, which is very highly approved and - extensively used by those who take a delight in the sports of the - field.” - - * * * * * - - - -The Antiquities of Shropshire, - - - Drawn and etched by W. Pearson, _forty-one plates_, 4to. 6s. - -Gateway in Waterlane, Battlefield Church Middle Castle -Shrewsbury - The Roman Wall at Red Castle at -Shrewsbury Wroxeter Hawkestone - -Shrewsbury Castle Buildwas Abbey Lilleshull Abbey - -The Old Welsh Bridge, Buildwas Abbey, 2nd Lilleshull Abbey. -Shrewsbury View 2nd - -The Abbey Church, Wenlock Monastery Clungunford Church -Shrewsbury Old Church, - Wenlock Monastery, Wellington & -Oratory, in the Abbey Bridgnorth, 2nd View Uffington Church (on -Garden, Shrewsbury one Plate) - The Hanging Tower, -St. Giles’s Church, Bridgnorth Acton Burnell Castle -Shrewsbury - Ludlow Castle Interior of Acton -Porch of St. Mary’s Burnell Castle -Church, Shrewsbury Ludlow Castle. 2nd - View Acton Burnell Church -Franciscan, or Gray -Friars, Shrewsbury Ludlow Castle, 3rd Hales Owen Abbey - Do. -Upton Magna Church St. Kenelm’s Chapel - Bromfield Priory -Haughmond Abbey Moreton Corbet Castle - Hopton Castle -Chapter House, Moreton Corbet -Haughmond Abbey Hopton Castle. 2nd Castle, 2nd View - View - Millichope Hall - Stoke Castle - - Clun Castle - - Published by JOHN DAVIES, 15, High Street, Shrewsbury. - - * * * * * - - - -HENRY URWICK, -ALBION INN, -NEAR THE RAILWAY STATION, -Castle Foregate, Shrewsbury. - - - * * * * * - - - -C. PHILPOTT, - - - Family Tea Dealer, Grocer, &c. - PRIDE HILL, - SHREWSBURY. - - * * * * * - - - -FOURTH EDITION, with SIXTY-ONE Engravings on Wood, Price 1s. - - - A GUIDE, - DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL, - THROUGH THE - TOWN OF SHREWSBURY, - INTERSPERSED WITH BRIEF NOTICES OF THE MORE - REMARKABLE OBJECTS IN THE ENVIRONS, - - TO WHICH ARE APPENDED, LISTS OF - THE EMINENT NATIVES OF THE TOWN, - WITH REFERENCES TO BIOGRAPHICAL WORKS; - - OF - THE BIRDS SEEN IN THE NEIGHBOURHOOD; - - AND OF - THE RARER SPECIES OF PLANTS - INDIGENOUS TO THE VICINITY. - - BY THE - REV. W. A. LEIGHTON, B.A. F.B S.E. - AUTHOR OF “A FLORA OF SHROPSHIRE,” &c. - - “I held on way to auncient Shrewsebrie towne, - And so from horse at lodging lighting downe, - I walkt the streats, and markt what came to vewe.” - - CHURCHYARD. - - * * * * * - - NOTICES OF THE WORK. - - “We are exceedingly pleased with this elegant and judicious Guide. - We think it is formed after the best plan, that of pure and terse - description of those objects which are actually presented to the eyes - of the stranger, neither overloaded with history and biography, which - he may study more appropriately in other works, and on less hurried - occasions, nor degraded by the introduction of mean and insignificant - subjects. To the residents of Shrewsbury, the utility of this little - volume is enhanced by a catalogue of its eminent natives, and lists - of native birds and plants. The whole work bears evidence of the - ability and good taste of the author. - - “We must particularly praise the pains taken to give a full account - of the Grammar School, and its eminent scholars, who, under the - conduct of the late and present head masters, (the late Bishop of - Lichfield and Dr. Kennedy), have won an extraordinary proportion of - the prizes at both universities, as is shewn in the highly honourable - lists here printed. The volume is embellished with no less than - sixty engravings on wood.” - - _Gentleman’s Magazine_. - - “This ‘Guide through the Town of Shrewsbury’ is, in every particular, - a well-arranged, comprehensive, correct, and intelligent book of - reference. - - “There is no town in England better known by name than - Shrewsbury—from its cakes and annual show, to its famed Grammar - School and useful Institutions; but this Guide will make both natives - and strangers better acquainted with its antiquity, its internal - regulations, and the character of its inhabitants, than could have - been derived from any previous publication of the kind. It goes so - minutely into particulars, traces sources with so much industry and - accuracy, and details events with so much vividness and perspicuity, - that it should be called a miniature History of Shrewsbury.” . . . - _Analyst_. - - “It really is one proof, and that not the least remarkable, of the - rapid improvement of provincial literature within the past fifteen - years, that the standard of guide-books is of a far higher degree of - excellence than formerly was the case. THIS _Guide to Shrewsbury_ is - neatly written, abounds with every species of information, - historical, descriptive, and other, which relates to the subjects - noticed, is profusely illustrated with wood-cuts, and lastly, has - appended to it what is of much value to works of this kind a _Flora_ - and _Fauna_ of the neighbourhood. As a specimen of country printing, - the book is remarkable; it might have passed for the work of a - VIZETELLY or BRADBURY.”—_Critic_. - - “A pleasing little volume, not more remarkable for the neat and - workmanlike manner in which it is ‘got-up,’ than for the simple and - unaffected style in which it is written.”—_Manchester Chronicle_. - - “An excellent Guide to this interesting old town, its antiquities, - curiosities, surrounding scenery, botany, and, in short, all that an - inquiring tourist could wish to inspect in a visit to - Shrewsbury.”—_Literary Gazette_. - - “It will be found to be an admirable companion to the antiquities and - other noticeable points of the place; and when the visitors leave the - old town this guide will call to mind its outward forms and - semblances. This book has much more permanent value than guide-books - usually have. Would that books of greater pretensions were always as - complete!”—_Pictorial Times_. - - “Made memorable by the pen of the inimitable bard in his play of - _Henry IV._, the town of Shrewsbury naturally becomes an object of - curiosity to the reader of Shakspere. Excited by this feeling, we - took up this little volume, and we were so well pleased with it that - we step aside from our usual course of passing by publications of a - local character to notice its excellence. It is tastefully and - correctly printed, amply illustrated with numerous and beautiful wood - engravings, and its descriptions graphic and clear, so as to render - it a pleasing and unerring guide to the visitor of Shrewsbury, - instructive to the historical and architectural antiquarian, the - traveller, and the general reader. - - “We recommend it to all whom business or pleasure may call to that - ancient and celebrated town.”—_Liverpool Chronicle_. - - Shrewsbury: Published by JOHN DAVIES, 15, High Street. - Sold by all Booksellers. - - * * * * * - - - -THOMAS PHILPOTT, -UNICORN INN, WYLE COP, -SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - EVERY ACCOMMODATION FOR TRAVELLERS. - - _Wines and Spirits of the best quality_. - - * * * * * - - - -ENGLISH BRIDGE, SHREWSBURY. - - - * * * * * - - T. FIRMSTON, - BUILDER, - -Has constantly on Sale all the sizes and varieties of the Celebrated -Llwynenion Pipes, Junctions, Bends, &c. for Sanitary and ordinary -Drainage; the whole being of the best construction, and admirably glazed. - - * * * * * - - - -Silk Mercery, and General Drapery Establishment. - - - [Picture: Silk Mercery] - - Warwick House, 26 and 27, High Street, Shrewsbury. - - MACGEAGH AND FIELDING, - Silk Mercers and General Drapers, - -Beg to call the attention of the inhabitants of Shrewsbury, its vicinity, - and the public - generally, to their - - LARGE AND VARIED STOCK, - - combining, as it does, every Novelty in Dress, as well as every thing - plain and substantial - for family use, and all on the most moderate terms. - - * * * * * - - THE SHREWSBURY WATERPROOF TWEED CLOAKS - MAY BE HAD OF THE MAKERS, - MACGEAGH & FIELDING, WARWICK HOUSE, SALOP. - - * * * * * - - - -PUBLICATIONS RELATING TO SHROPSHIRE, &c. - - -SALOPIA AND OTHER POEMS, by J. W. Bythell, Esq. sm. 8vo. _cloth_, 2s. 6d. - -HISTORY, GAZETTEER AND DIRECTORY OF SHROPSHIRE, _with a large coloured -Map of the County_, 9s. - -PEARSON’S ANTIQUITIES OF SHROPSHIRE, in Forty-three Etchings, _in a -wrapper_, 6s. - -LEIGHTON’S FLORA OF SHROPSHIRE, 8vo. 8s. - -ORDNANCE MAP OF THE COUNTY OF SALOP _mounted on Canvas and Case_, - -WALKER’S DITTO DITTO, 2s. 6d. - -COLLINS’S DITTO, _in paper cover_, 6d. - -TWENTY-ONE VIEWS IN SHREWSBURY, _in a wrapper_, 2s. - -PLAN OF THE TOWN OF SHREWSBURY, brought down to the present time, 6d. - -PORTRAIT OF THE LADY HARRIET CLIVE, Painted by Sir T. Lawrence, P.R.A. -Engraved by S. Cousins, A.R.A. - -PORTRAIT OF THE RIGHT HONOURABLE THE LORD VISCOUNT HILL, Lord Lieutenant -of the County of Salop, Painted by Francis Grant, A.R.A., Engraved by J. -Thompson, Prints £2 2s. Proofs, £4 4s. - -PORTRAIT OF THE LATE LORD VISCOUNT HILL, C.B., G.C.H., &c. Proofs, 10s. -6d. Prints 7s. 6d. - -PORTRAITS OF THE LATE RIGHT HONOURABLE EDWARD HERBERT, EARL OF POWIS, -K.G., Lord-Lieutenant of the County of Montgomery, Painted by F. Grant, -Engraved by H. Cousins, £1 1s. - -MONUMENTAL EFFIGY OF THE LATE RIGHT HON. THE EARL OF POWIS, K.G. erected -in St. Mary’s Church, Welshpool; and EFFIGIAL MEMORIAL of ditto, erected -in the same church, drawn on Stone by the Sculptor, E. Richardson, Esq. -plain 5s. tinted 7s. 6d. each. - -PORTRAIT OF THE HONOURABLE THOMAS KENYON, Painted by Pardon, Engraved by -Lupton, 10s. - -PORTRAIT OF JOHN MYTTON, ESQ. OF HALSTON, Painted by Webb, Engraved by -Giller, India Proof, £1s. 1s. - -PORTRAIT OF THE RIGHT REV. SAMUEL BUTLER D.D. late Lord Bishop of -Lichfield. Painted by Thomas Phillips, R.A. Engraved by S. Cousins, -A.R.A. Prints, 5s. Proofs 10s. Proofs, 10s. Proofs, with Autograph, -15s. Ditto before letters 15s. - -RAILWAY STATION, SHREWSBURY, From a Drawing by T. N. Henshaw, Esq. 2s. -6d. - -VIEW OF ELLESMERE CHURCH, Drawn on Stone by Hawkins, 3s. 6d. - -VIEW OF THE ABBEY CHURCH, SHREWSBURY, in tinted Lithography, by Hyde, 1s. - - On Sale at JOHN DAVIES’S, 15, High Street, Shrewsbury. - - - - -FOOTNOTES. - - -{i} In the original the list of streets is on front inside cover: it has -been moved to the end in this transcription to make the start easier to -follow.—DP. - -{2} The population of the Borough is 19,681; that of the Registrar’s -District 23,104. There are 13 Churches, affording 9,618 “sittings;” and -25 Dissenters’ Meeting Houses, with 5,805 “sittings.” The numbers of -attendants, March 30, 1851, including Sunday Scholars, were at the -Churches, in the morning, 6,080; afternoon, 3,135; and evening, 2,853; -and at the Dissenters’ Meeting Houses,—morning, 2,089; afternoon, 398; -evening, 2,232. - -{3} We would refer the visitor, who may be desirous of acquainting -himself with our local history, to the inestimable History of Shrewsbury -by Owen and Blakeway, 2 vols. 4to; a work of high historic authority, and -abounding with deep and true antiquarian research. From this valuable -publication we have condensed our accounts of the ecclesiastical -structures of the place. - -{20} The Council usually sat in Ludlow Castle, but for the greater -dispatch of business occasionally assembled at Shrewsbury, Bewdley, and -Hereford. - -{21} The chimney piece of the Great Chamber is now, it is believed, -preserved in Condover Hall, near this town. Its sculpture consists of -Adam and Eve amid the trees of Paradise. - -{53} Should the visitor feel disposed to prolong his walk in this -direction, he will find himself amply compensated by the enjoyment of an -extensive prospect of the town, and the windings of the Severn, amid the -romantic and richly wooded banks of Shelton and Berwick. - -A few minutes’ stroll along the turnpike road, beautifully shaded by -overhanging beech trees, will also bring him to the magnificent iron -gates which afford entrance to the delightful grounds of Berwick, -abounding in trees of great size and beauty. The Mansion-House, the seat -of the Honourable Wentworth Powys, soon presents itself; and at a short -distance, embosomed in trees, stands the small, but picturesque CHAPEL, -erected in 1672, on the site of an ancient ruinous structure, and -appropriated to the use of the inmates of the adjacent Hospital for -decayed housekeepers, erected and endowed at the above period by Sir -Samuel Jones, Knt. the then possessor of the Berwick estates. - - [Picture: The Chapel] - -To the lover of sylvan scenery, the neighbouring woods of Almond Park and -the picturesque and woody declivities of Leaton Shelf, will afford a rich -treat; and the experienced botanist will find in them many rare and -beautiful species of brambles, and other floral treasures, well worthy -his careful investigation. - -{56} The turnpike road in this direction will conduct the stranger to -Battlefield, “the royal field of Shrewsbury,” the site of the important -Battle of Shrewsbury, fought on 20th July, 1403:— - - “the bloody rout that gave - To Harry’s brow a wreath,—to Hotspur’s heart a grave.” - -To detail the events of this direful contest would far exceed our -prescribed limits, and we must, therefore, content ourselves by referring -our readers to works of a higher order:— - - “Trace, Visitor, the tale as beats thy vein, - Clad in cold-hearted History’s homely weeds, - Or garlanded with Avon’s dewy flowers.” - - [Picture: Battlefield Church] - -The spot, where it is said the bodies of the slain were interred, is now -covered by a church, once collegiate, founded by Henry IV., in gratitude -for his victory. It contains a handsome monument, in the florid Gothic -style, to the memory of the late John Corbet, Esq. of Sundorne. A short -walk over the adjacent fields brings us to the splendid Gothic mansion of -Sundorne, the seat of A. W. Corbet, Esq. In the Library and Drawing-room -are several fine and valuable paintings by Titian, Salvator Rosa, -Rembrandt, Guido, Raphael, Rubens, Wouvermans, and Van Huysum. Within -the grounds, midway of Haughmond’s “bosky hill,” are the venerable ruins -of HAUGHMOND ABBEY, rich in many a curious remain of early architecture. -One peculiar feature of the earlier portions of this Abbey, which merits -the attention of the architectural antiquary, is, that whilst the round -or Norman arch is used, the mouldings and pillars belong to the Early -English era:—a singular and uncommon instance of transition in style. - -Tradition points out a knoll, planted with a clump of fir trees, called -the Queen’s Bower, where Eleanor, the Queen of Henry IV. received the -news of the victory at Battlefield. Her Majesty hearing the tidings of -the messenger imperfectly, is said to have exclaimed “hey man,” from -whence the hill subsequently acquired its name. A more probable -derivation of the name is “Haut mont,” the High Mount. From these crags -“that sprightly Scot of Scots, Douglas,” in endeavouring to escape after -the battle, is said to have fallen, and sustaining considerable injury, -was captured by his pursuers. The noble view from these heights cannot -fail to rivet the attention. - -{67} See first page. - -{71} See Initial, page 1, for that on the south side. - -{86} Those who may feel interested in tracing the rise and progress of -this Institution will do well to consult “Records of the Salop Infirmary, -by Henry Bevan, 4to. 1847,” a work of great accuracy and pains-taking, -and especially deserving of praise for its valuable statistical tables. - -{97} Engravings of the Old Church will be found in the Gentleman’s -Magazine, vol. 81, p. 9, (N. E. view,) and vol. 66, p. 369, (E. end.) - -{109} See a north-west view of this once fine old Church in the -Gentleman’s Magazine, vol. 77, p. 297. - -{126} At this Parliament, held Sept. 30th, the patriotic and unhappy -David, the last Prince of Wales, was tried, and condemned to an -ignominious and cruel death, which, to the disgrace of Edward, was -permitted to be carried into execution. To this convention two knights -were summoned from each county, and two deputies from certain of the -principal cities and towns, (of which Shrewsbury was one,) and thus was -laid the foundation of the British House of Commons. After the trial of -David the Parliament adjourned to Acton Burnell, where the famous statute -of that name received the royal assent. - -{127} Henry VIII. had previously by an Act of the twenty-sixth year of -his reign appointed twenty-six suffragan or assistant bishops, to whom he -assigned twenty-six borough towns dispersed over the kingdom as their -sees. Shrewsbury was judiciously selected as one. This useful law was -however seldom enforced, one only suffragan Bishop of Shrewsbury being -known; Lewis Thomas, late Abbot of Cwmhîr, consecrated suffragan Bishop -of the see of Salop by Archbishop Cranmer, 24th June, 1537. He died 1560 -or 1561. - -{133} The engraving represents the eastern end previous to the -alterations. - -{153} A short walk along the retired and shady lane opposite St. Giles’s -church brings us to a small but highly picturesque wood, covering the -ragged bank of the Meole Brook; embosomed in which is Sutton Spa, the -water of which has been found by experience to be highly serviceable in -scrofulous disorders. The attendant resides on the spot, in a neat -cottage, near to which are hot and cold baths, with suitable -accommodations. - -{154} Continuing our walk for three miles along the London-road, we -arrive at the little village of Atcham, with its picturesque church on -the margin of the Severn, which river is here crossed by an elegant stone -bridge, designed by the architect Gwyn. - -The village of Atcham is memorable as the birth-place of Ordericus -Vitalis, one of the best of our earliest Historians, who was born 16th -February, 1075. - -Within sight of the village, on the confluence of the rivers Tern and -Severn, is the noble edifice of Attingham Hall, the seat of the Right -Honourable Lord Berwick, built from designs by the celebrated Athenian -Stuart. The mansion consists of a centre and two wings, connected by -corridors, and is adorned by a handsome tetrastyle portico of the -composite order. - -[Picture: Tomb of Confessor Burton] Close adjoining, amid the beautiful -woods and plantations on the banks of the Severn, is the fine Gothic -mansion of Longner, the residence of Robert Burton, Esq. In the Garden -is preserved, with sacred care, the ALTAR-TOMB of one of the ancestors of -the Burton family, known as the “_Confessor Burton_,” who died suddenly -for joy on the restoration of the Reformed Religion on the accession of -Elizabeth, and whose corpse being refused burial in the family vault in -St. Chad’s, the parish church, by the Romish clergyman who then -officiated there, was carried back and interred in this spot by his -family. - -[Picture: Portion of Roman City Wall] About a mile from Atcham is the -Roman station of Uriconium, or Wroxeter. A PORTION OF THE CITY WALL is -still standing, and the foundations of the boundary walls of the whole -place may be traced with tolerable accuracy in the adjoining fields. -Many sepulchral inscribed stones, altars, pavements, coins, fibulæ, -vases, &c. have at various times been ploughed up by the inhabitants. -The church is well deserving of notice: and in the walls of the chancel -may be seen curious remains of early Anglo-Norman arches. The interior -contains the fine altar-tomb, with cumbent effigies, of Sir Thomas -Bromley, Lord Chief Justice of England, one of the Executors of Henry -VIII. There are also monuments to the Barkers of Haughmond; Sir Richard -Newport, ancestor of the Earls of Bradford; Francis, first Earl of -Bradford, and several others of the Newport family. From the village a -fine prospect of the adjacent Wrekin is obtained. - -{157} Continuing our walk we speedily reach the peaceful and sequestered -village of Meole Brace, celebrated for its excellent trout stream, on the -banks of which was born and educated Thomas Barker, from whom honest -Izaak Walton, in his delightful book, “The Complete Angler,” acknowledges -that he derived the greater portion of his information, relative to -fly-fishing. Mr. Barker published in 1691 a work entitled “Barker’s -Delight, or the Art of Angling,” which ran through three editions in the -space of eight years, and which is still in much repute among the lovers -of the “gentle art.” Near the Bridge are Evans’s Alms-houses, built in -1844, under the will of the late Mr. John Evans of this town, for nine -poor widows, who each have a liberal yearly allowance. - - [Picture: Meole Bridge, &c.] - -At the distance of a mile from Meole are the Sharpstones Hill and Bomere -Pool, noted for their lovely scenery, and as the habitats of many of the -rarer species of plants indigenous to the vicinity. - -{176} At a distance of two miles on the Holyhead road stands Shelton -Oak, which, according to tradition, “the irregular and wild Glendower” -ascended to reconnoitre the state of the contending armies on the -Battlefield; but finding that the king was making a powerful head, and -had “beat down young Harry Hotspur and his troops,” he precipitately -retreated with his army into Wales. This majestic veteran of the forest, - - “Whose boughes are moss’d with age, - And high top bald with dry antiquity,” - -is completely hollow; many of the greater arms are dead, and the whole is -fast falling to decay. Whatever be the degree of credit due to the -tradition, certain it is there is positive evidence in a paper dated -1543, preserved among the title deeds of the Waring family, that this -tree was esteemed a great one within 140 years of the Battle of -Shrewsbury, and an object of remark to old people long before. The -following are the dimensions:—girt at bottom, close to the ground, -forty-four feet three inches; ditto, five feet from the ground, -twenty-five feet one inch; ditto, eight feet from the ground, -twenty-seven feet four inches; height to the top of the main trunk, or -principal bough, forty-one feet six inches. - - [Picture: Shelton Oak] - -A little beyond this, on the Welsh Pool road, is Christ Church, Oxon, -consecrated October 3rd, 1854, for a district comprising several outlying -portions of the Parishes of St. Chad and St. Julian. - -Immediately opposite is the Lunatic Asylum for the Counties of Salop and -Montgomery, erected after a design by Messrs. Scott. - - - - -***END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK A GUIDE, DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL, -THROUGH THE TOWN OF SHREWSBURY*** - - -******* This file should be named 62688-0.txt or 62688-0.zip ******* - - -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: -http://www.gutenberg.org/dirs/6/2/6/8/62688 - - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part -of this license, apply to copying and distributing Project -Gutenberg-tm electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG-tm -concept and trademark. 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