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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #62708 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62708)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Canal Reminiscences, by George W. Bagby
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Canal Reminiscences
- Recollections of Travel in the Old Days on the James River
- & Kanawha Canal
-
-Author: George W. Bagby
-
-Release Date: July 20, 2020 [EBook #62708]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CANAL REMINISCENCES ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by David E. Brown and The Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This file was
-produced from images generously made available by The
-Internet Archive)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
- CANAL
- REMINISCENCES:
-
- Recollections of Travel in the Old Days
- ON THE
- James River & Kanawha Canal.
-
- BY
- GEORGE W. BAGBY.
-
-
- RICHMOND:
- WEST, JOHNSTON & CO., PUBLISHERS.
- 1879.
-
-
-
-
- _Copyright Secured._
-
-
- _Printed by
- Whittet & Shepperson,
- Richmond, Va._
-
-
-
-
-Preface.
-
-
-My first thought was to print these reminiscences in a newspaper. But
-our papers are unable to pay for contributions. It was not so in the
-former days. Well do I remember when the _Dispatch_ cheerfully gave
-me its dollars, not merely for stories and sketches, but for trifles
-like the “_Weekly Rekord uv amewsments_,” which I then kept, and which
-seemed to please our good people of Richmond, who were then doing so
-well in business that they were easily pleased. And truly in those
-times they were a liberal, open-hearted set. So would they be now were
-they able.
-
-Will we ever see good times and plenty of money again? I think so.
-And yet often I get very blue, apprehending still greater business
-troubles, culminating in I know not what of civil disaster. It is
-touching to me, going around, as I have had to do a great deal of
-late, among our business men, to see their sad faces, and yet their
-evident anxiety in the midst of worries and cares, to help one who
-is even worse off than themselves. We have good stock here--men who
-would honor any city in the land, and who make up a community in
-which it is a pleasure to live. Here and there you find one, two, or
-three close-fisted fellows, who dodge you for fear you will ask them
-for something. That is to their credit, for it shows that they have
-feeling and a sense of shame. And again you meet positive brutes, who
-are not merely stingy and mean, but ill-mannered and under-bred to
-boot. But these serve as foils to set off their better brethren to more
-advantage; and I, for one, am not the man to abuse stingy people. They
-have one magnificent trait to counterpoise their littleness--they pay
-their debts, and pay them promptly. So, take it all in all, Richmond is
-about as good a place to live in as a man will find on this globe, as
-I have learned by playing book-canvasser,--an excellent school for the
-study of men.
-
-But shall we see better times? Why, yes, surely. They have begun
-already in Troy, N. Y., the papers say. And I verily believe the
-railway, which is to take the place of the canal, will do more than
-all things else to bring back work for all and money for all of us
-in our fair city of Richmond. Let us at least hope so. And with that
-hope in view, I trust that these reminiscences of an obsolescent
-mode of travel--which may have been delightful, but certainly was
-not rapid--will give a few moments of pleasure to the friends of the
-publishers and of the writer.
-
- G. W. B.
-
-
-
-
-Canal Reminiscences.
-
-
-Among my earliest recollections is a trip from Cumberland County to
-Lynchburg, in 1835, or thereabouts. As the stage approached Glover’s
-tavern in Appomattox county, sounds as of a cannonade aroused my
-childish curiosity to a high pitch. I had been reading Parley’s History
-of America, and this must be the noise of actual battle. Yes; the war
-against the hateful Britishers must have broken out again. Would the
-stage carry us within range of the cannon balls? Yes, and presently
-the red-coats would come swarming out of the woods. And--and--Gen.
-Washington was dead; I was certain of that; what would become of us?
-I was terribly excited, but afraid to ask questions. Perhaps I was
-scared. Would they kill an unarmed boy, sitting peaceably in a stage
-coach? Of course they would; Britishers will do anything! Then they
-will have to shoot a couple of men first;--and I squeezed still closer
-between them.
-
-My relief and my disappointment were equally great, when a casual
-remark unfolded the fact that the noise which so excited me was only
-the “blasting of rock on the Jeems and Kanawha Canell.” What was
-“blasting of rock?”
-
-What was a “canell?” and, above all, what manner of thing was a “Jeems
-and Kanawha Canell?” Was it alive?
-
-I think it was; more alive than it has ever been since, except for the
-first few years after it was opened.
-
-Those were the “good old days” of batteaux,--picturesque craft that
-charmed my young eyes more than all the gondolas of Venice would do
-now. True, they consumed a week in getting from Lynchburg to Richmond,
-and ten days in returning against the stream, but what of that? Time
-was abundant in those days. It was made for slaves, and we had the
-slaves. A batteau on the water was more than a match for the best four
-or six horse bell-team that ever rolled over the red clay of Bedford,
-brindle dog and tar-bucket included.
-
-Fleets of these batteaux used to be moored on the river bank near where
-the depot of the Virginia and Tennessee Railroad now stands; and many
-years after the “Jeems and Kanawha” was finished, one of them used to
-haunt the mouth of Blackwater creek above the toll-bridge, a relic of
-departed glory. For if ever man gloried in his calling,--the negro
-batteau-man was that man. His was a hardy calling, demanding skill,
-courage and strength in a high degree. I can see him now striding
-the plank that ran along the gunwale to afford him footing, his long
-iron-shod pole trailing in the water behind him. Now he turns, and
-after one or two ineffectual efforts to get his pole fixed in the rocky
-bottom of the river, secures his purchase, adjusts the upper part of
-the pole to the pad at his shoulder, bends to his task, and the long,
-but not ungraceful bark mounts the rapids like a sea-bird breasting the
-storm. His companion on the other side plies the pole with equal ardor,
-and between the two the boat bravely surmounts every obstacle, be it
-rocks, rapids, quicksands, hammocks, what not. A third negro at the
-stern held the mighty oar that served as a rudder. A stalwart, jolly,
-courageous set they were, plying the pole all day, hauling in to shore
-at night under the friendly shade of a mighty sycamore, to rest, to
-eat, to play the banjo, and to snatch a few hours of profound, blissful
-sleep.
-
-The up-cargo, consisting of sacks of salt, bags of coffee, barrels
-of sugar, molasses and whiskey, afforded good pickings. These sturdy
-fellows lived well, I promise you, and if they stole a little, why,
-what was their petty thieving compared to the enormous pillage of the
-modern sugar refiner and the crooked-whiskey distiller? They lived
-well. Their cook’s galley was a little dirt thrown between the ribs
-of the boat at the stern, with an awning on occasion to keep off the
-rain, and what they didn’t eat wasn’t worth eating. Fish of the very
-best, both salt and fresh, chickens, eggs, milk and the invincible,
-never-satisfying ash-cake and fried bacon. I see the frying-pan, I
-smell the meat, the fish, the Rio coffee!--I want the batteau back
-again, aye! and the brave, light-hearted slave to boot. What did
-he know about the State debt? There was no State debt to speak of.
-Greenbacks? Bless, you! the Farmers Bank of Virginia was living and
-breathing, and its money was good enough for a king. Readjustment,
-funding bill, tax-receivable coupons--where were all these worries
-then? I think if we had known they were coming, we would have stuck
-to the batteaux and never dammed the river. Why, shad used to run to
-Lynchburg! The world was merry, butter-milk was abundant; Lynchburg a
-lad, Richmond a mere youth, and the great “Jeems and Kanawha canell”
-was going to--oh! it was going to do everything.
-
-This was forty years ago and more, mark you.
-
-In 1838, I made my first trip to Richmond. What visions of grandeur
-filled my youthful imagination! That eventually I should get to be a
-man seemed probable, but that I should ever be big enough to live,
-actually live, in the vast metropolis, was beyond my dreams. For I
-believed fully that men were proportioned to the size of the cities
-they lived in. I had seen a man named Hatcher from Cartersville,
-who was near about the size of the average man in Lynchburg, but as
-I had never seen Cartersville, I concluded, naturally enough, that
-Cartersville must be equal in population. Which may be the fact, for I
-have never yet seen Cartersville, though I have been to Warminster, and
-once came near passing through Bent-Creek.
-
-I went by stage.
-
-It took two days to make the trip, yet no one complained, although
-there were many Methodist ministers aboard. Bro. Lafferty had not
-been born. I thought it simply glorious. There was an unnatural
-preponderance of preacher to boy,--nine of preacher to one of boy. That
-boy did not take a leading part in the conversation. He looked out
-of the window, and thought much about Richmond. And what a wonderful
-world it was! So many trees, such nice rocks, and pretty ruts in the
-red clay; such glorious taverns, and men with red noses; such splendid
-horses, a fresh team every ten miles, and an elegant smell of leather,
-proceeding from the coach, prevailing everywhere as we bowled merrily
-along. And then the stage horn. Let me not speak of it, lest Thomas and
-his orchestra hang their heads for very shame. I wish somebody would
-tell me where we stopped the first night, for I have quite forgotten.
-Any how, it was on the left-hand side coming down, and I rather think
-on the brow of a little hill. I know we got up mighty soon the next
-morning.
-
-We drew up at the Eagle hotel in Richmond. Here again words, and time
-too, fail me. All the cities on earth packed into one wouldn’t look as
-big and fine to me now as Main street did then. If things shrink so in
-the brief space of a life-time, what would be the general appearance,
-say of Petersburg, if one should live a million or so of years? This
-is an interesting question, which you may discuss with yourself, dear
-reader.
-
-Going northward, I remained a year or two, and on my return the
-“canell” was finished. I had seen bigger places than Richmond, but had
-yet to have my first experience of canal travelling. The packet-landing
-at the foot of Eighth street presented a scene of great activity.
-Passengers on foot and in vehicles continued to arrive up to the moment
-of starting. I took a peep at the cabin, wondering much how all the
-passengers were to be accommodated for the night, saw how nicely the
-baggage was stored away on deck, admired the smart waiters, and picked
-up a deal of information generally. I became acquainted with the names
-of Edmond & Davenport in Richmond, and Boyd, Edmond & Davenport in
-Lynchburg, the owners of the packet-line, and thought to myself, “What
-immensely rich men they must be! Why, these boats cost ten times as
-much as a stage-coach, and I am told they have them by the dozen.”
-
-At last we were off, slowly pushed along under the bridge on Seventh
-street; then the horses were hitched; then slowly along till we passed
-the crowd of boats near the city, until at length, with a lively jerk
-as the horses fell into a trot, away we went, the cut-water throwing
-up the spray as we rounded the Penitentiary hill, and the passengers
-lingering on deck to get a last look at the fair city of Richmond,
-lighted by the pale rays of the setting sun.
-
-As the shadows deepened, everybody went below. There was always a
-crowd in those days, but it was a crowd for the most part of our best
-people, and no one minded it. I was little, and it took little room
-to accommodate me. Everything seemed as cozy and comfortable as heart
-could wish. I brought to the table,--an excellent one it was,--a school
-boy’s appetite, sharpened by travel, and thought it was “just splendid.”
-
-Supper over, the men went on deck to smoke, while the ladies busied
-themselves with draughts or backgammon, with conversation or with
-books. But not for long. The curtains which separated the female from
-the male department were soon drawn, in order that the steward and
-his aids might make ready the berths. These were three deep, “lower,”
-“middle” and “upper;” and great was the desire on the part of the men
-not to be consigned to the “upper.” Being light as a cork, I rose
-naturally to the top, clambering thither by the leathern straps with
-the agility of a monkey, and enjoying as best I might the trampling
-overhead whenever we approached a lock. I didn’t mind this much, but
-when the fellow who had snubbed the boat jumped down about four feet,
-right on my head as it were, it was pretty severe. Still I slept the
-sleep of youth. We all went to bed early. A few lingered, talking in
-low tones; and way-passengers, in case there was a crowd, were dumped
-upon mattresses, placed on the dining tables.
-
-The lamp shed a dim light over the sleepers, and all went well
-till some one--and there always was some one--began to snore.
-_Sn-a-a-aw!_--_aw-aw-poof!_ They would turn uneasily and try to compose
-themselves to slumber again. No use. _Sn-a-a-aw_--_poof!_ “D---- that
-fellow! Chunk him in the ribs, somebody, and make him turn over. Is
-this thing to go on forever? Gentlemen, are you going to stand this all
-night? If you are, I am not. I am going to get up and dress. Who is he
-anyhow? No gentleman would or could snore in that way.”
-
-After a while silence would be restored, and all would drop off to
-sleep again, except the little fellow in the upper berth, who lying
-there would listen to the _trahn-ahn-ahn-ahn_ of the packet-horn as
-we drew nigh the locks. How mournfully it sounded in the night! what
-a doleful thing it is at best, and how different from the stage-horn
-with its cheery, ringing notes! The difference in the horns marks the
-difference in the two eras of travel; not that the canal period is
-doleful--I would not say that, but it is less bright than the period of
-the stage-coach.
-
-To this day you have only to say within my hearing _trahn-ahn-ahn_,
-to bring back the canal epoch. I can see the whole thing down to the
-snubbing post with its deep grooves which the heavy rope had worn.
-Indeed, I think I could snub a boat myself with very little practice,
-if the man on deck would say “_hup!_” to the horses at the proper time.
-
-We turned out early in the morning, and had precious little room for
-dressing. But that was no hardship to me, who had just emerged from a
-big boarding school dormitory. Still, I must say, being now a grown
-and oldish man, that I would not like to live and sleep and dress for
-twenty or thirty years in the cabin of a canal-packet. The ceremony
-of ablution was performed in a primitive fashion. There were the tin
-basins, the big tin dipper with the long wooden handle. I feel it
-vibrating in the water now, and the water a little muddy generally;
-and there were the towels, a big one on a roller, and the little ones
-in a pile, and all of them wet. These were discomforts, it is true,
-but, pshaw! one good, big, long, deep draught of pure, fresh morning
-air--one glimpse of the roseate flush above the wooded hills of the
-James, one look at the dew besprent bushes and vines along the canal
-bank--one sweet caress of dear mother nature in her morning robes, made
-ample compensation for them all. Breakfast was soon served, and all the
-more enjoyed in consequence of an hour’s fasting on deck; the sun came
-out in all his splendor; the day was fairly set in, and with it there
-was abundant leisure to enjoy the scenery, that grew more and more
-captivating as we rose, lock after lock, into the rock-bound eminences
-of the upper James. This scenery I will not attempt to describe,
-for time has sadly, dimmed it in my recollection. The wealth of the
-lowlands, and the upland beauty must be seen as I have seen them, in
-the day of their prime, to be enjoyed.
-
-The perfect cultivation, the abundance, the elegance, the ducal
-splendor, one might almost say, of the great estates that lay along
-the canal in the old days have passed away in a great measure. Here
-were gentlemen, not merely refined and educated, fitted to display a
-royal hospitality and to devote their leisure to the study of the art
-and practice of government, but they were great and greatly successful
-farmers as well. The land teemed with all manner of products, cereals,
-fruits, what not! negroes by the hundreds and the thousands, under wise
-direction, gentle but firm control, plied the hoe to good purpose.
-There was enough and to spare for all--to spare? aye! to bestow with
-glad and lavish hospitality. A mighty change has been wrought. What
-that change is in all of its effects mine eyes have happily been spared
-the seeing; but well I remember--I can never forget--how from time to
-time the boat would stop at one of these estates, and the planter, his
-wife, his daughters, and the guests that were going home with him,
-would be met by those who had remained behind, and how joyous the
-greetings were! It was a bright and happy scene, and it continually
-repeated itself as we went onward.
-
-In fine summer weather, the passengers, male and female, stayed most of
-the time on deck, where there was a great deal to interest, and naught
-to mar the happiness, except the oft-repeated warning, “_braidge!_”
-“_low braidge!_” No well-regulated packet-hand was ever allowed to say
-plain “bridge;” that was an etymological crime in canal ethics. For the
-men, this on-deck existence was especially delightful; it is _such_
-a comfort to spit plump into the water without the trouble of feeling
-around with your head, in the midst of a political discussion, for the
-spittoon.
-
-As for me, I often went below, to devour Dickens’s earlier novels,
-which were then appearing in rapid succession. But, drawn by the charm
-of the scenery, I would often drop my book and go back on deck again.
-There was an islet in the river--where, exactly, I cannot tell--which
-had a beauty of its own for me, because from the moment I first saw it,
-my purpose was to make it the scene of a romance, when I got to be a
-great big man, old enough to write for the papers. There is a point at
-which the passengers would get off, and taking a near cut across the
-hills, would stretch their legs with a mile or two of walking. It was
-unmanly, I held, to miss that. Apropos of scenery, I must not forget
-the haunted house near Manchester, which was pointed out soon after we
-left Richmond, and filled me with awe; for though I said I did not
-believe in ghosts, I did. The ruined mill, a mile or two further on,
-was always an object of melancholy interest to me; and of all the locks
-from Lynchburg down, the Three-Mile Locks pleased me most. It is a
-pretty place, as every one will own on seeing it. It was so clean and
-green, and white and thrifty-looking. To me it was simply beautiful.
-I wanted to live there; I ought to have lived there. I was built for
-a lock-keeper--have that exact moral and mental shape. Ah! to own
-your own negro, who would do all the drudgery of opening the gates.
-Occasionally you would go through the form of putting your shoulder
-to the huge wooden levers, if that is what they call them, by which
-the gates are opened; to own your own negro and live and die calmly
-at a lock! What more could the soul ask? I do think that the finest
-picture extant of peace and contentment--a little abnormal, perhaps,
-in the position of the animal--is that of a sick mule looking out of
-the window of a canal freight-boat. And that you could see every day
-from the porch of your cottage, if you lived at a lock, owned your own
-negro, and there was no great rush of business on the canal, (and there
-seldom was) on the “Jeems and Kanawhy,” as old Capt. Sam Wyatt always
-called it, leaving out the word “canal,” for that was understood. Yes,
-one ought to live as a pure and resigned lock-keeper, if one would be
-blest, really blest.
-
-Now that I am on the back track, let me add that, however bold and
-picturesque the cliffs and bluffs near Lynchburg and beyond, there was
-nothing from one end the canal to the other to compare with the first
-sight of Richmond, when, rounding a corner not far from Hollywood, it
-burst full upon the vision, its capitol, its spires, its happy homes,
-flushed with the red glow of evening. And what it looked to be, it was.
-Its interior, far from belieing its exterior, surpassed it. The world
-over, there is no lovelier site for a city; and the world over there
-was no city that quite equalled it in the charm of its hospitality,
-its refinement, its intelligence, its cordial welcome to strangers. Few
-of its inhabitants were very rich, fewer still were very poor. But I
-must not dwell on this. Beautiful city! beautiful city! you may grow to
-be as populous as London, and sure no one wishes you greater prosperity
-than I, but grow as you may, you can never be happier than you were in
-the days whereof I speak. How your picture comes back to me, softened
-by time, glorified by all the tender, glowing tints of memory. Around
-you now is the added glory of history, a defence almost unrivalled in
-the annals of warfare; but for me there is something even brighter
-than historic fame, a hue derived only from the heaven of memory. In
-my childhood, when all things were beautified by the unclouded light
-of “the young soul wandering here in nature,” I saw you in your youth,
-full of hope, full of promise, full of all those gracious influences
-which made your State greatest among all her sisters, and which seemed
-concentrated in yourself. Be your maturity what it may, it can never be
-brighter than this.
-
-To return to the boat. All the scenery in the world--rocks that
-Salvator would love to paint, and skies that Claude could never
-limn--all the facilities for spitting that earth affords, avail not to
-keep a Virginian away from a julep on a hot summer day. From time to
-time he would descend from the deck of the packet and refresh himself.
-The bar was small, but vigorous and healthy. I was then in the lemonade
-stage of boyhood, and it was not until many years afterwards that I
-rose through porterees and claret-punches to the sublimity of the
-sherry cobbler, and discovered that the packet bar supplied genuine
-Havana cigars at fourpence-ha’penny. Why, eggs were but sixpence a
-dozen on the canal bank, and the national debt wouldn’t have filled
-a tea-cup. Internal revenue was unknown; the coupons receivable for
-taxes inconceivable, and forcible readjustment a thing undreamt of in
-Virginian philosophy. Mr. Mallock’s pregnant question, “Is life worth
-living?” was answered very satisfactorily, methought, as I watched
-the Virginians at their juleps: “Gentlemen, your very good health;”
-“Colonel, my respects to you;” “My regards, Judge. When shall I see you
-again at my house? Can’t you stop now and stay a little while, if it
-is only a week or two?” “Sam,” (to the bar-keeper,) “duplicate these
-drinks.”
-
-How they smacked their lips; how hot the talk on politics became; and
-how pernicious this example of drinking in public was to the boy who
-looked on! Oh! yes; and if you expect your son to go through life
-without bad examples set him by his elders in a thousand ways, you must
-take him to another sphere. Still, the fewer bad examples the better,
-and you, at least, need not set them.
-
-Travelling always with my father, who was a merchant, it was natural
-that I should become acquainted with merchants. But I remember very few
-of them. Mr. Daniel H. London, who was a character, and Mr. Fleming
-James, who often visited his estate in Roanoke, and was more of a
-character than London, I recall quite vividly. I remember, too, Mr.
-Francis B. Deane, who was always talking about Mobjack Bay, and who
-was yet to build the Langhorne Foundry in Lynchburg. I thought if I
-could just see Mobjack Bay, I would be happy. According to Mr. Deane,
-and I agreed with him, there ought by this time to have been a great
-city on Mobjack Bay. I saw Mobjack Bay last summer, and was happy.
-Any man who goes to Gloucester will be happy. More marked than all of
-these characters was Major Yancey, of Buckingham, “the wheel-horse of
-Democracy,” he was called; Tim. Rives, of Prince George, whose face,
-some said, resembled the inside of a gunlock, being the war-horse.
-Major Y.’s stout figure, florid face, and animated, forcible manner,
-come back with some distinctness; and there are other forms, but they
-are merely outlines barely discernible. So pass away men who, in their
-day, were names and powers--shadows gone into shadow-land, leaving but
-a dim print upon a few brains, which in time will soon flit away.
-
-Arrived in Lynchburg, the effect of the canal was soon seen in the
-array of freight boats, the activity and bustle at the packet landing.
-New names and new faces, from the canal region of New York, most
-likely, were seen and heard. I became acquainted with the family of
-Capt. Huntley, who commanded one of the boats, and was for some years
-quite intimate with his pretty daughters, Lizzie, Harriet and Emma.
-Capt. H. lived on Church street, next door to the Reformed, or as it
-was then called, the Radical Methodist Church, and nearly opposite to
-Mr. Peleg Seabury. He was for a time connected in some way with the
-Exchange hotel, but removed with his family to Cincinnati, since when
-I have never but once heard of them. Where are they all, I wonder?
-Then, there was a Mr. Watson, who lived with Boyd, Edmond & Davenport,
-married first a Miss ----, and afterwards, Mrs. Christian, went into
-the tobacco business in Brooklyn, then disappeared, leaving no trace,
-not the slightest. Then there was a rare fellow, Charles Buckley, who
-lived in the same store with Watson, had a fine voice, and without a
-particle of religion in the ordinary sense, loved dearly to sing at
-revivals. I went with him; we took back seats, and sang with great
-fervor. This was at night. Besides Captain Huntley, I remember among
-the captains of a later date, Captain Jack Yeatman; and at a date
-still later his brother, Captain C. E. Yeatman, both of whom are
-still living. There was still another captain whose name was Love----
-something, a very handsome man; and these are all.
-
-In 1849, having graduated in Philadelphia, I made one of my last
-through-trips on the canal, the happy owner of a diploma in a green
-tin case, and the utterly miserable possessor of a dyspepsia which
-threatened my life. I enjoyed the night on deck, sick as I was. The
-owl’s “long hoot,” the “plaintive cry of the whippoorwill;” the
-melody--for it is by association a melody, which the Greeks have but
-travestied with their _brek-ke-ex_, _ko-ex_--of the frogs, the mingled
-hum of insect life, the “stilly sound” of inanimate nature, the soft
-respiration of sleeping earth, and above all, the ineffable glory of
-the stars. Oh! heaven of heavens, into which the sick boy, lying alone
-on deck, then looked, has thy charm fled, too, with so many other
-charms? Have thirty years of suffering, of thought, of book-reading,
-brought only the unconsoling knowledge, that yonder twinkling sparks
-of far-off fire are not lamps that light the portals of the palace of
-the King and Father, but suns like our sun, surrounded by earths full
-of woe and doubt like our own; and that heaven, if heaven there be,
-is not in the sky; not in space, vast as it is; not in time, endless
-though it be--where then? “Near thee, in thy heart!” Who feels this,
-who will say this of himself? Away thou gray-haired, sunken-cheeked
-sceptic, away! Come back to me, come back to me, wan youth; there
-on that deck, with the treasure of thy faith, thy trust in men, thy
-worship of womankind, thy hope, that sickness could not chill, in the
-sweet possibilities of life. Come back to me!--’Tis a vain cry. The
-youth lies there on the packet’s deck, looking upward to the stars, and
-he will not return.
-
-The trip in 1849 was a dreary one until there came aboard a dear lady
-friend of mine who had recently been married. I had not had a good
-honest talk with a girl for eighteen solid--I think I had better
-say long, (we always say long when speaking of the war)--“fo’ long
-years!”--I have heard it a thousand times--for eighteen long months,
-and you may imagine how I enjoyed the conversation with my friend. She
-wasn’t very pretty, and her husband was a Louisa man; but her talk,
-full of good heart and good sense, put new life into me. One other
-through trip, the very last, I made in 1851. On my return in 1853, I
-went by rail as far as Farmville, and thence by stage to Lynchburg; so
-that, for purposes of through travel, the canal lasted, one may say,
-only ten or a dozen years. And now the canal, after a fair and costly
-trial, is to give place to the rail, and I, in common with the great
-body of Virginians, am heartily glad of it. It has served its purpose
-well enough, perhaps, for its day and generation. The world has passed
-by it, as it has passed by slavery. Henceforth Virginia must prove her
-metal in the front of steam, electricity, and possibly mightier forces
-still. If she can’t hold her own in their presence, she must go under.
-I believe she will hold her own; these very forces will help her.
-The dream of the great canal to the Ohio, with its-nine mile tunnel,
-costing fifty or more millions, furnished by the general government,
-and revolutionizing the commerce of the United States, much as the
-discovery of America and opening of the Suez canal revolutionized the
-commerce of the world, must be abandoned along with other dreams.
-
-One cannot withhold admiration from President Johnston and other
-officers of the canal, who made such a manful struggle to save it. But
-who can war against the elements? Nature herself, imitating man, seems
-to have taken special delight in kicking the canal after it was down.
-So it must go. Well, let it go. It knew Virginia in her palmiest days
-and it crushed the stage coach; isn’t that glory enough? I think it is.
-But I can’t help feeling sorry for the bull frogs; there must be a good
-many of them between here and Lexington. What will become of them, I
-wonder? They will follow their predecessors, the batteaux; and their
-pale, green ghosts, seated on the prows of shadowy barges, will be
-heard piping the roundelays of long-departed joys.
-
-Farewell canal, frogs, musk-rats, mules, packet-horns and all, a long
-farewell. Welcome the rail along the winding valleys of the James. Wake
-up, Fluvanna! Arise, old Buckingham! Exalt thyself, O Goochland! And
-thou, O Powhatan, be not afraid nor shame-faced any longer, but raise
-thy Ebenezer freely, for the day of thy redemption is at hand. Willis
-J. Dance shall rejoice; yea, Wm. Pope Dabney shall be exceeding glad.
-And all hail our long lost brother! come to these empty, aching, arms,
-dear Lynch’s Ferry!
-
-I have always thought that the unnatural separation between Lynchburg
-and Richmond was the source of all our troubles. In some way, not
-entirely clear to me, it brought on the late war, and it will bring on
-another, if a reunion between the two cities does not soon take place.
-Baltimore, that pretty and attractive, but meddlesome vixen, is at the
-bottom of it all. Richmond will not fear Baltimore after the rails are
-laid. Her prosperity will date anew from the time of her iron wedding
-with Lynchburg. We shall see her merchants on our streets again, and
-see them often. That will be a better day.
-
-Alas! there are many we shall not see. John G. Meem, Sam’l McCorkle,
-John Robin McDaniel, John Hollins, Chas. Phelps, Jno. R. D. Payne, Jehu
-Williams, Ambrose Rucker, Wilson P. Bryant, (who died the other day,)
-and many, many others will not come to Richmond any more. They are
-gone. And if they came, they would not meet the men they used to meet;
-very few of them at least. Jacquelin P. Taylor, John N. Gordon, Thos.
-R. Price, Lewis D. Crenshaw, James Dunlop--why add to the list? They
-too are gone.
-
-But the sons of the old-time merchants of Lynchburg will meet here the
-sons of the old-time merchants of Richmond, and the meeting of the
-two, the mingling of the waters--Blackwater creek with Bacon Quarter
-branch--deuce take it! I have gone off on the water line again--the
-admixture, I should say, of the sills of Campbell with the spikes of
-Henrico, the readjustment, so to speak, of the ties (R. R. ties) that
-bind us, will more than atone for the obsolete canal, and draw us all
-the closer by reason of our long separation and estrangement. Richmond
-and Lynchburg united will go onward and upward in a common career
-of glory and prosperity. And is there, can there be, a Virginian,
-deserving the name, who would envy that glory, or for a moment retard
-that prosperity? Not one, I am sure.
-
-Allow me, now that my reminiscences are ended, allow me, as an old
-stager and packet-horn reverer, one last Parthian shot. It is this: If
-the James river does not behave better hereafter than it has done of
-late, the railroad will have to be suspended in mid-heaven by means
-of a series of stationary balloons; travelling then may be a little
-wabbly, but at all events, it won’t be wet.
-
- G. W. BAGBY.
-
-
-
-
-TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES:
-
-
- Italicized text is surrounded by underscores: _italics_.
-
- Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.
-
- Archaic or alternate spelling has been retained from the original.
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Canal Reminiscences, by George W. Bagby
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-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Canal Reminiscences, by George W. Bagby
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Canal Reminiscences
- Recollections of Travel in the Old Days on the James River
- & Kanawha Canal
-
-Author: George W. Bagby
-
-Release Date: July 20, 2020 [EBook #62708]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: ASCII
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK CANAL REMINISCENCES ***
-
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-
-
-<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/cover.jpg" alt="" /></div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<div class="figcenter"><img src="images/iTitle.jpg" alt="" /></div>
-
-<hr class="tb" />
-
-<div class="titlepage">
-
-<h1><span class="u"><span class="smcap">Canal<br />
-Reminiscences</span></span>:</h1>
-
-<p><span class="xlarge">Recollections of Travel in the Old Days</span><br />
-
-ON THE<br />
-
-<span class="xlarge">James River &amp; Kanawha Canal.</span></p>
-
-<p>BY<br />
-<span class="large">GEORGE W. BAGBY.</span></p>
-
-
-<p><span class="large">RICHMOND:</span><br />
-<span class="smcap">West, Johnston &amp; Co., Publishers</span>.<br />
-1879.</p>
-</div>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<p class="center"><i>Copyright Secured.</i><br />
-<br />
-<br />
-<i>Printed by<br />
-Whittet &amp; Shepperson,<br />
-Richmond, Va.</i></p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-
-
-
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span>
-<h2 class="nobreak">Preface.</h2></div>
-
-
-<p><span class="smcap">My</span> first thought was to print these reminiscences
-in a newspaper. But our papers are unable to pay
-for contributions. It was not so in the former days.
-Well do I remember when the <i>Dispatch</i> cheerfully
-gave me its dollars, not merely for stories and
-sketches, but for trifles like the &#8220;<i>Weekly Rekord
-uv amewsments</i>,&#8221; which I then kept, and which
-seemed to please our good people of Richmond, who
-were then doing so well in business that they were
-easily pleased. And truly in those times they were
-a liberal, open-hearted set. So would they be now
-were they able.</p>
-
-<p>Will we ever see good times and plenty of money
-again? I think so. And yet often I get very blue,
-apprehending still greater business troubles, culminating<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span>
-in I know not what of civil disaster. It is
-touching to me, going around, as I have had to do a
-great deal of late, among our business men, to see
-their sad faces, and yet their evident anxiety in the
-midst of worries and cares, to help one who is even
-worse off than themselves. We have good stock
-here&mdash;men who would honor any city in the land,
-and who make up a community in which it is a
-pleasure to live. Here and there you find one, two,
-or three close-fisted fellows, who dodge you for fear
-you will ask them for something. That is to their
-credit, for it shows that they have feeling and a sense
-of shame. And again you meet positive brutes, who
-are not merely stingy and mean, but ill-mannered
-and under-bred to boot. But these serve as foils to
-set off their better brethren to more advantage; and
-I, for one, am not the man to abuse stingy people.
-They have one magnificent trait to counterpoise
-their littleness&mdash;they pay their debts, and pay them
-promptly. So, take it all in all, Richmond is about<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>
-as good a place to live in as a man will find on this
-globe, as I have learned by playing book-canvasser,&mdash;an
-excellent school for the study of men.</p>
-
-<p>But shall we see better times? Why, yes, surely.
-They have begun already in Troy, N. Y., the papers
-say. And I verily believe the railway, which is to
-take the place of the canal, will do more than all
-things else to bring back work for all and money
-for all of us in our fair city of Richmond. Let us
-at least hope so. And with that hope in view, I
-trust that these reminiscences of an obsolescent mode
-of travel&mdash;which may have been delightful, but certainly
-was not rapid&mdash;will give a few moments of
-pleasure to the friends of the publishers and of the
-writer.</p>
-
-<p class="right">G. W. B.</p>
-
-
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<div class="chapter">
-<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span>
-<h2 class="nobreak">Canal Reminiscences.</h2></div>
-
-
-<p class="drop-cap">AMONG my earliest recollections is a trip from
-Cumberland County to Lynchburg, in 1835, or
-thereabouts. As the stage approached Glover&#8217;s
-tavern in Appomattox county, sounds as of a cannonade
-aroused my childish curiosity to a high pitch.
-I had been reading Parley&#8217;s History of America, and
-this must be the noise of actual battle. Yes; the war
-against the hateful Britishers must have broken out
-again. Would the stage carry us within range of the
-cannon balls? Yes, and presently the red-coats would
-come swarming out of the woods. And&mdash;and&mdash;Gen.
-Washington was dead; I was certain of that; what
-would become of us? I was terribly excited, but
-afraid to ask questions. Perhaps I was scared.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span>
-Would they kill an unarmed boy, sitting peaceably
-in a stage coach? Of course they would; Britishers
-will do anything! Then they will have to shoot a
-couple of men first;&mdash;and I squeezed still closer between
-them.</p>
-
-<p>My relief and my disappointment were equally
-great, when a casual remark unfolded the fact that the
-noise which so excited me was only the &#8220;blasting of
-rock on the Jeems and Kanawha Canell.&#8221; What was
-&#8220;blasting of rock?&#8221;</p>
-
-<p>What was a &#8220;canell?&#8221; and, above all, what manner
-of thing was a &#8220;Jeems and Kanawha Canell?&#8221;
-Was it alive?</p>
-
-<p>I think it was; more alive than it has ever been
-since, except for the first few years after it was opened.</p>
-
-<p>Those were the &#8220;good old days&#8221; of batteaux,&mdash;picturesque
-craft that charmed my young eyes more
-than all the gondolas of Venice would do now. True,
-they consumed a week in getting from Lynchburg to
-Richmond, and ten days in returning against the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span>
-stream, but what of that? Time was abundant in those
-days. It was made for slaves, and we had the slaves. A
-batteau on the water was more than a match for the
-best four or six horse bell-team that ever rolled over
-the red clay of Bedford, brindle dog and tar-bucket
-included.</p>
-
-<p>Fleets of these batteaux used to be moored on the
-river bank near where the depot of the Virginia and
-Tennessee Railroad now stands; and many years after
-the &#8220;Jeems and Kanawha&#8221; was finished, one of them
-used to haunt the mouth of Blackwater creek above
-the toll-bridge, a relic of departed glory. For if
-ever man gloried in his calling,&mdash;the negro batteau-man
-was that man. His was a hardy calling, demanding
-skill, courage and strength in a high degree.
-I can see him now striding the plank that ran along
-the gunwale to afford him footing, his long iron-shod
-pole trailing in the water behind him. Now he turns,
-and after one or two ineffectual efforts to get his pole
-fixed in the rocky bottom of the river, secures his<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span>
-purchase, adjusts the upper part of the pole to the pad
-at his shoulder, bends to his task, and the long,
-but not ungraceful bark mounts the rapids like
-a sea-bird breasting the storm. His companion
-on the other side plies the pole with equal ardor,
-and between the two the boat bravely surmounts every
-obstacle, be it rocks, rapids, quicksands, hammocks,
-what not. A third negro at the stern held the
-mighty oar that served as a rudder. A stalwart,
-jolly, courageous set they were, plying the pole all
-day, hauling in to shore at night under the friendly
-shade of a mighty sycamore, to rest, to eat, to play
-the banjo, and to snatch a few hours of profound,
-blissful sleep.</p>
-
-<p>The up-cargo, consisting of sacks of salt, bags of
-coffee, barrels of sugar, molasses and whiskey, afforded
-good pickings. These sturdy fellows lived
-well, I promise you, and if they stole a little, why,
-what was their petty thieving compared to the enormous
-pillage of the modern sugar refiner and the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span>
-crooked-whiskey distiller? They lived well. Their
-cook&#8217;s galley was a little dirt thrown between the
-ribs of the boat at the stern, with an awning on occasion
-to keep off the rain, and what they didn&#8217;t eat
-wasn&#8217;t worth eating. Fish of the very best, both
-salt and fresh, chickens, eggs, milk and the invincible,
-never-satisfying ash-cake and fried bacon. I see
-the frying-pan, I smell the meat, the fish, the Rio
-coffee!&mdash;I want the batteau back again, aye! and the
-brave, light-hearted slave to boot. What did he
-know about the State debt? There was no State
-debt to speak of. Greenbacks? Bless, you! the
-Farmers Bank of Virginia was living and breathing,
-and its money was good enough for a king. Readjustment,
-funding bill, tax-receivable coupons&mdash;where
-were all these worries then? I think if we
-had known they were coming, we would have stuck
-to the batteaux and never dammed the river. Why,
-shad used to run to Lynchburg! The world was
-merry, butter-milk was abundant; Lynchburg a lad,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span>
-Richmond a mere youth, and the great &#8220;Jeems and
-Kanawha canell&#8221; was going to&mdash;oh! it was going to
-do everything.</p>
-
-<p>This was forty years ago and more, mark you.</p>
-
-<p>In 1838, I made my first trip to Richmond.
-What visions of grandeur filled my youthful imagination!
-That eventually I should get to be a man
-seemed probable, but that I should ever be big
-enough to live, actually live, in the vast metropolis,
-was beyond my dreams. For I believed fully that
-men were proportioned to the size of the cities they
-lived in. I had seen a man named Hatcher from
-Cartersville, who was near about the size of the average
-man in Lynchburg, but as I had never seen Cartersville,
-I concluded, naturally enough, that Cartersville
-must be equal in population. Which may be the
-fact, for I have never yet seen Cartersville, though I
-have been to Warminster, and once came near passing
-through Bent-Creek.</p>
-
-<p>I went by stage.</p>
-
-
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>It took two days to make the trip, yet no one complained,
-although there were many Methodist ministers
-aboard. Bro. Lafferty had not been born. I
-thought it simply glorious. There was an unnatural
-preponderance of preacher to boy,&mdash;nine of
-preacher to one of boy. That boy did not take a
-leading part in the conversation. He looked out of
-the window, and thought much about Richmond.
-And what a wonderful world it was! So many trees,
-such nice rocks, and pretty ruts in the red clay; such
-glorious taverns, and men with red noses; such
-splendid horses, a fresh team every ten miles, and
-an elegant smell of leather, proceeding from the coach,
-prevailing everywhere as we bowled merrily along.
-And then the stage horn. Let me not speak of it,
-lest Thomas and his orchestra hang their heads for
-very shame. I wish somebody would tell me where
-we stopped the first night, for I have quite forgotten.
-Any how, it was on the left-hand side coming down,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span>
-and I rather think on the brow of a little hill. I
-know we got up mighty soon the next morning.</p>
-
-<p>We drew up at the Eagle hotel in Richmond.
-Here again words, and time too, fail me. All the
-cities on earth packed into one wouldn&#8217;t look as big
-and fine to me now as Main street did then. If
-things shrink so in the brief space of a life-time,
-what would be the general appearance, say of Petersburg,
-if one should live a million or so of years? This
-is an interesting question, which you may discuss
-with yourself, dear reader.</p>
-
-<p>Going northward, I remained a year or two, and
-on my return the &#8220;canell&#8221; was finished. I had seen
-bigger places than Richmond, but had yet to have
-my first experience of canal travelling. The packet-landing
-at the foot of Eighth street presented a scene
-of great activity. Passengers on foot and in vehicles
-continued to arrive up to the moment of starting. I
-took a peep at the cabin, wondering much how all
-the passengers were to be accommodated for the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>
-night, saw how nicely the baggage was stored away on
-deck, admired the smart waiters, and picked up a deal
-of information generally. I became acquainted with
-the names of Edmond &amp; Davenport in Richmond,
-and Boyd, Edmond &amp; Davenport in Lynchburg, the
-owners of the packet-line, and thought to myself,
-&#8220;What immensely rich men they must be! Why,
-these boats cost ten times as much as a stage-coach,
-and I am told they have them by the dozen.&#8221;</p>
-
-<p>At last we were off, slowly pushed along under
-the bridge on Seventh street; then the horses were
-hitched; then slowly along till we passed the crowd
-of boats near the city, until at length, with a lively
-jerk as the horses fell into a trot, away we went, the
-cut-water throwing up the spray as we rounded the
-Penitentiary hill, and the passengers lingering on
-deck to get a last look at the fair city of Richmond,
-lighted by the pale rays of the setting sun.</p>
-
-<p>As the shadows deepened, everybody went below.
-There was always a crowd in those days, but it was a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>
-crowd for the most part of our best people, and no
-one minded it. I was little, and it took little room
-to accommodate me. Everything seemed as cozy
-and comfortable as heart could wish. I brought to
-the table,&mdash;an excellent one it was,&mdash;a school boy&#8217;s appetite,
-sharpened by travel, and thought it was &#8220;just
-splendid.&#8221;</p>
-
-<p>Supper over, the men went on deck to smoke,
-while the ladies busied themselves with draughts or
-backgammon, with conversation or with books. But
-not for long. The curtains which separated the
-female from the male department were soon drawn,
-in order that the steward and his aids might make
-ready the berths. These were three deep, &#8220;lower,&#8221;
-&#8220;middle&#8221; and &#8220;upper;&#8221; and great was the desire on
-the part of the men not to be consigned to the
-&#8220;upper.&#8221; Being light as a cork, I rose naturally to
-the top, clambering thither by the leathern straps with
-the agility of a monkey, and enjoying as best I might
-the trampling overhead whenever we approached<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span>
-a lock. I didn&#8217;t mind this much, but when the fellow
-who had snubbed the boat jumped down about
-four feet, right on my head as it were, it was pretty
-severe. Still I slept the sleep of youth. We all
-went to bed early. A few lingered, talking in low
-tones; and way-passengers, in case there was a crowd,
-were dumped upon mattresses, placed on the dining
-tables.</p>
-
-<p>The lamp shed a dim light over the sleepers, and
-all went well till some one&mdash;and there always was
-some one&mdash;began to snore. <i>Sn-a-a-aw!</i>&mdash;<i>aw-aw-poof!</i>
-They would turn uneasily and try to compose themselves
-to slumber again. No use. <i>Sn-a-a-aw</i>&mdash;<i>poof!</i>
-&#8220;D&mdash;&mdash; that fellow! Chunk him in the
-ribs, somebody, and make him turn over. Is this
-thing to go on forever? Gentlemen, are you going
-to stand this all night? If you are, I am not. I
-am going to get up and dress. Who is he anyhow?
-No gentleman would or could snore in that way.&#8221;</p>
-
-<p>After a while silence would be restored, and all<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>
-would drop off to sleep again, except the little fellow
-in the upper berth, who lying there would listen to
-the <i>trahn-ahn-ahn-ahn</i> of the packet-horn as we
-drew nigh the locks. How mournfully it sounded
-in the night! what a doleful thing it is at best, and
-how different from the stage-horn with its cheery,
-ringing notes! The difference in the horns marks
-the difference in the two eras of travel; not that the
-canal period is doleful&mdash;I would not say that, but it
-is less bright than the period of the stage-coach.</p>
-
-<p>To this day you have only to say within my hearing
-<i>trahn-ahn-ahn</i>, to bring back the canal epoch. I
-can see the whole thing down to the snubbing post
-with its deep grooves which the heavy rope had
-worn. Indeed, I think I could snub a boat myself
-with very little practice, if the man on deck would
-say &#8220;<i>hup!</i>&#8221; to the horses at the proper time.</p>
-
-<p>We turned out early in the morning, and had precious
-little room for dressing. But that was no hardship
-to me, who had just emerged from a big boarding<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span>
-school dormitory. Still, I must say, being now a
-grown and oldish man, that I would not like to live
-and sleep and dress for twenty or thirty years in the
-cabin of a canal-packet. The ceremony of ablution
-was performed in a primitive fashion. There were
-the tin basins, the big tin dipper with the long wooden
-handle. I feel it vibrating in the water now, and
-the water a little muddy generally; and there were
-the towels, a big one on a roller, and the little ones
-in a pile, and all of them wet. These were discomforts,
-it is true, but, pshaw! one good, big, long, deep
-draught of pure, fresh morning air&mdash;one glimpse of
-the roseate flush above the wooded hills of the James,
-one look at the dew besprent bushes and vines along
-the canal bank&mdash;one sweet caress of dear mother
-nature in her morning robes, made ample compensation
-for them all. Breakfast was soon served, and
-all the more enjoyed in consequence of an hour&#8217;s fasting
-on deck; the sun came out in all his splendor;
-the day was fairly set in, and with it there was abundant<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span>
-leisure to enjoy the scenery, that grew more and
-more captivating as we rose, lock after lock, into the
-rock-bound eminences of the upper James. This
-scenery I will not attempt to describe, for time has
-sadly, dimmed it in my recollection. The wealth of
-the lowlands, and the upland beauty must be seen as
-I have seen them, in the day of their prime, to be enjoyed.</p>
-
-<p>The perfect cultivation, the abundance, the elegance,
-the ducal splendor, one might almost say, of the great
-estates that lay along the canal in the old days have
-passed away in a great measure. Here were gentlemen,
-not merely refined and educated, fitted to display
-a royal hospitality and to devote their leisure
-to the study of the art and practice of government,
-but they were great and greatly successful farmers
-as well. The land teemed with all manner of products,
-cereals, fruits, what not! negroes by the hundreds
-and the thousands, under wise direction, gentle
-but firm control, plied the hoe to good purpose.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span>
-There was enough and to spare for all&mdash;to spare?
-aye! to bestow with glad and lavish hospitality. A
-mighty change has been wrought. What that change
-is in all of its effects mine eyes have happily been
-spared the seeing; but well I remember&mdash;I can never
-forget&mdash;how from time to time the boat would stop
-at one of these estates, and the planter, his wife, his
-daughters, and the guests that were going home with
-him, would be met by those who had remained behind,
-and how joyous the greetings were! It was a
-bright and happy scene, and it continually repeated
-itself as we went onward.</p>
-
-<p>In fine summer weather, the passengers, male and
-female, stayed most of the time on deck, where there
-was a great deal to interest, and naught to mar
-the happiness, except the oft-repeated warning,
-&#8220;<i>braidge!</i>&#8221; &#8220;<i>low braidge!</i>&#8221; No well-regulated
-packet-hand was ever allowed to say plain &#8220;bridge;&#8221;
-that was an etymological crime in canal ethics. For
-the men, this on-deck existence was especially delightful;<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span>
-it is <i>such</i> a comfort to spit plump into the
-water without the trouble of feeling around with
-your head, in the midst of a political discussion, for
-the spittoon.</p>
-
-<p>As for me, I often went below, to devour Dickens&#8217;s
-earlier novels, which were then appearing in rapid
-succession. But, drawn by the charm of the scenery,
-I would often drop my book and go back on deck
-again. There was an islet in the river&mdash;where, exactly,
-I cannot tell&mdash;which had a beauty of its own
-for me, because from the moment I first saw it, my
-purpose was to make it the scene of a romance, when
-I got to be a great big man, old enough to write
-for the papers. There is a point at which the passengers
-would get off, and taking a near cut across
-the hills, would stretch their legs with a mile or two
-of walking. It was unmanly, I held, to miss that.
-Apropos of scenery, I must not forget the haunted
-house near Manchester, which was pointed out soon
-after we left Richmond, and filled me with awe; for<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span>
-though I said I did not believe in ghosts, I did. The
-ruined mill, a mile or two further on, was always an
-object of melancholy interest to me; and of all the
-locks from Lynchburg down, the Three-Mile Locks
-pleased me most. It is a pretty place, as every one
-will own on seeing it. It was so clean and green,
-and white and thrifty-looking. To me it was simply
-beautiful. I wanted to live there; I ought to have
-lived there. I was built for a lock-keeper&mdash;have that
-exact moral and mental shape. Ah! to own your
-own negro, who would do all the drudgery of opening
-the gates. Occasionally you would go through
-the form of putting your shoulder to the huge
-wooden levers, if that is what they call them, by
-which the gates are opened; to own your own negro
-and live and die calmly at a lock! What more
-could the soul ask? I do think that the finest picture
-extant of peace and contentment&mdash;a little abnormal,
-perhaps, in the position of the animal&mdash;is
-that of a sick mule looking out of the window of a<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span>
-canal freight-boat. And that you could see every day
-from the porch of your cottage, if you lived at a
-lock, owned your own negro, and there was no
-great rush of business on the canal, (and there seldom
-was) on the &#8220;Jeems and Kanawhy,&#8221; as old
-Capt. Sam Wyatt always called it, leaving out the
-word &#8220;canal,&#8221; for that was understood. Yes, one
-ought to live as a pure and resigned lock-keeper, if
-one would be blest, really blest.</p>
-
-<p>Now that I am on the back track, let me add that,
-however bold and picturesque the cliffs and bluffs
-near Lynchburg and beyond, there was nothing from
-one end the canal to the other to compare with the
-first sight of Richmond, when, rounding a corner not
-far from Hollywood, it burst full upon the vision, its
-capitol, its spires, its happy homes, flushed with the
-red glow of evening. And what it looked to be, it
-was. Its interior, far from belieing its exterior,
-surpassed it. The world over, there is no lovelier
-site for a city; and the world over there was no city<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>
-that quite equalled it in the charm of its hospitality,
-its refinement, its intelligence, its cordial welcome to
-strangers. Few of its inhabitants were very rich,
-fewer still were very poor. But I must not dwell on
-this. Beautiful city! beautiful city! you may grow to
-be as populous as London, and sure no one wishes you
-greater prosperity than I, but grow as you may, you
-can never be happier than you were in the days
-whereof I speak. How your picture comes back to
-me, softened by time, glorified by all the tender, glowing
-tints of memory. Around you now is the added
-glory of history, a defence almost unrivalled in the
-annals of warfare; but for me there is something
-even brighter than historic fame, a hue derived only
-from the heaven of memory. In my childhood, when
-all things were beautified by the unclouded light of
-&#8220;the young soul wandering here in nature,&#8221; I saw
-you in your youth, full of hope, full of promise,
-full of all those gracious influences which made your
-State greatest among all her sisters, and which seemed<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span>
-concentrated in yourself. Be your maturity what it
-may, it can never be brighter than this.</p>
-
-<p>To return to the boat. All the scenery in the
-world&mdash;rocks that Salvator would love to paint, and
-skies that Claude could never limn&mdash;all the facilities
-for spitting that earth affords, avail not to keep a
-Virginian away from a julep on a hot summer day.
-From time to time he would descend from the deck
-of the packet and refresh himself. The bar was
-small, but vigorous and healthy. I was then in the
-lemonade stage of boyhood, and it was not until
-many years afterwards that I rose through porterees
-and claret-punches to the sublimity of the sherry
-cobbler, and discovered that the packet bar supplied
-genuine Havana cigars at fourpence-ha&#8217;penny.
-Why, eggs were but sixpence a dozen on the canal
-bank, and the national debt wouldn&#8217;t have filled a
-tea-cup. Internal revenue was unknown; the coupons
-receivable for taxes inconceivable, and forcible
-readjustment a thing undreamt of in Virginian philosophy.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>
-Mr. Mallock&#8217;s pregnant question, &#8220;Is life
-worth living?&#8221; was answered very satisfactorily, methought,
-as I watched the Virginians at their juleps:
-&#8220;Gentlemen, your very good health;&#8221; &#8220;Colonel,
-my respects to you;&#8221; &#8220;My regards, Judge. When
-shall I see you again at my house? Can&#8217;t you stop
-now and stay a little while, if it is only a week or
-two?&#8221; &#8220;Sam,&#8221; (to the bar-keeper,) &#8220;duplicate these
-drinks.&#8221;</p>
-
-<p>How they smacked their lips; how hot the talk
-on politics became; and how pernicious this example
-of drinking in public was to the boy who looked on!
-Oh! yes; and if you expect your son to go through
-life without bad examples set him by his elders in a
-thousand ways, you must take him to another sphere.
-Still, the fewer bad examples the better, and you, at
-least, need not set them.</p>
-
-<p>Travelling always with my father, who was a merchant,
-it was natural that I should become acquainted
-with merchants. But I remember very few of them.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span>
-Mr. Daniel H. London, who was a character, and
-Mr. Fleming James, who often visited his estate in
-Roanoke, and was more of a character than London,
-I recall quite vividly. I remember, too, Mr. Francis B.
-Deane, who was always talking about Mobjack Bay,
-and who was yet to build the Langhorne Foundry
-in Lynchburg. I thought if I could just see Mobjack
-Bay, I would be happy. According to Mr.
-Deane, and I agreed with him, there ought by this
-time to have been a great city on Mobjack Bay. I
-saw Mobjack Bay last summer, and was happy.
-Any man who goes to Gloucester will be happy.
-More marked than all of these characters was Major
-Yancey, of Buckingham, &#8220;the wheel-horse of Democracy,&#8221;
-he was called; Tim. Rives, of Prince
-George, whose face, some said, resembled the inside
-of a gunlock, being the war-horse. Major Y.&#8217;s stout
-figure, florid face, and animated, forcible manner,
-come back with some distinctness; and there are
-other forms, but they are merely outlines barely discernible.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span>
-So pass away men who, in their day, were
-names and powers&mdash;shadows gone into shadow-land,
-leaving but a dim print upon a few brains, which in
-time will soon flit away.</p>
-
-<p>Arrived in Lynchburg, the effect of the canal was
-soon seen in the array of freight boats, the activity
-and bustle at the packet landing. New names and
-new faces, from the canal region of New York, most
-likely, were seen and heard. I became acquainted
-with the family of Capt. Huntley, who commanded
-one of the boats, and was for some years quite intimate
-with his pretty daughters, Lizzie, Harriet and
-Emma. Capt. H. lived on Church street, next door
-to the Reformed, or as it was then called, the Radical
-Methodist Church, and nearly opposite to Mr.
-Peleg Seabury. He was for a time connected in
-some way with the Exchange hotel, but removed
-with his family to Cincinnati, since when I have
-never but once heard of them. Where are they all,
-I wonder? Then, there was a Mr. Watson, who<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span>
-lived with Boyd, Edmond &amp; Davenport, married
-first a Miss &mdash;&mdash;, and afterwards, Mrs. Christian,
-went into the tobacco business in Brooklyn, then
-disappeared, leaving no trace, not the slightest. Then
-there was a rare fellow, Charles Buckley, who lived
-in the same store with Watson, had a fine voice, and
-without a particle of religion in the ordinary sense,
-loved dearly to sing at revivals. I went with him;
-we took back seats, and sang with great fervor.
-This was at night. Besides Captain Huntley,
-I remember among the captains of a later
-date, Captain Jack Yeatman; and at a date
-still later his brother, Captain C. E. Yeatman,
-both of whom are still living. There was still
-another captain whose name was Love&mdash;&mdash; something,
-a very handsome man; and these are all.</p>
-
-<p>In 1849, having graduated in Philadelphia, I
-made one of my last through-trips on the canal, the
-happy owner of a diploma in a green tin case, and
-the utterly miserable possessor of a dyspepsia which<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span>
-threatened my life. I enjoyed the night on deck,
-sick as I was. The owl&#8217;s &#8220;long hoot,&#8221; the &#8220;plaintive
-cry of the whippoorwill;&#8221; the melody&mdash;for it is
-by association a melody, which the Greeks have but
-travestied with their <i>brek-ke-ex</i>, <i>ko-ex</i>&mdash;of the frogs, the
-mingled hum of insect life, the &#8220;stilly sound&#8221; of inanimate
-nature, the soft respiration of sleeping earth,
-and above all, the ineffable glory of the stars. Oh!
-heaven of heavens, into which the sick boy, lying
-alone on deck, then looked, has thy charm fled,
-too, with so many other charms? Have thirty years
-of suffering, of thought, of book-reading, brought
-only the unconsoling knowledge, that yonder twinkling
-sparks of far-off fire are not lamps that light
-the portals of the palace of the King and Father, but
-suns like our sun, surrounded by earths full of woe
-and doubt like our own; and that heaven, if heaven
-there be, is not in the sky; not in space, vast as it is;
-not in time, endless though it be&mdash;where then?
-&#8220;Near thee, in thy heart!&#8221; Who feels this, who<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span>
-will say this of himself? Away thou gray-haired,
-sunken-cheeked sceptic, away! Come back to me,
-come back to me, wan youth; there on that deck,
-with the treasure of thy faith, thy trust in men, thy
-worship of womankind, thy hope, that sickness
-could not chill, in the sweet possibilities of life.
-Come back to me!&mdash;&#8217;Tis a vain cry. The youth lies
-there on the packet&#8217;s deck, looking upward to the
-stars, and he will not return.</p>
-
-<p>The trip in 1849 was a dreary one until there came
-aboard a dear lady friend of mine who had recently
-been married. I had not had a good honest talk
-with a girl for eighteen solid&mdash;I think I had better
-say long, (we always say long when speaking of the
-war)&mdash;&#8220;fo&#8217; long years!&#8221;&mdash;I have heard it a thousand
-times&mdash;for eighteen long months, and you may imagine
-how I enjoyed the conversation with my friend.
-She wasn&#8217;t very pretty, and her husband was a Louisa
-man; but her talk, full of good heart and good sense,
-put new life into me. One other through trip, the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>
-very last, I made in 1851. On my return in 1853,
-I went by rail as far as Farmville, and thence by
-stage to Lynchburg; so that, for purposes of through
-travel, the canal lasted, one may say, only ten or a
-dozen years. And now the canal, after a fair and
-costly trial, is to give place to the rail, and I, in common
-with the great body of Virginians, am heartily
-glad of it. It has served its purpose well enough,
-perhaps, for its day and generation. The world has
-passed by it, as it has passed by slavery. Henceforth
-Virginia must prove her metal in the front of steam,
-electricity, and possibly mightier forces still. If she
-can&#8217;t hold her own in their presence, she must go
-under. I believe she will hold her own; these very
-forces will help her. The dream of the great canal
-to the Ohio, with its-nine mile tunnel, costing fifty
-or more millions, furnished by the general government,
-and revolutionizing the commerce of the
-United States, much as the discovery of America
-and opening of the Suez canal revolutionized the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span>
-commerce of the world, must be abandoned along
-with other dreams.</p>
-
-<p>One cannot withhold admiration from President
-Johnston and other officers of the canal, who made
-such a manful struggle to save it. But who can
-war against the elements? Nature herself, imitating
-man, seems to have taken special delight in kicking
-the canal after it was down. So it must go. Well,
-let it go. It knew Virginia in her palmiest days
-and it crushed the stage coach; isn&#8217;t that glory
-enough? I think it is. But I can&#8217;t help feeling
-sorry for the bull frogs; there must be a good many
-of them between here and Lexington. What will
-become of them, I wonder? They will follow their
-predecessors, the batteaux; and their pale, green
-ghosts, seated on the prows of shadowy barges, will be
-heard piping the roundelays of long-departed joys.</p>
-
-<p>Farewell canal, frogs, musk-rats, mules, packet-horns
-and all, a long farewell. Welcome the rail
-along the winding valleys of the James. Wake up,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span>
-Fluvanna! Arise, old Buckingham! Exalt thyself,
-O Goochland! And thou, O Powhatan, be not
-afraid nor shame-faced any longer, but raise thy
-Ebenezer freely, for the day of thy redemption is at
-hand. Willis J. Dance shall rejoice; yea, Wm. Pope
-Dabney shall be exceeding glad. And all hail our
-long lost brother! come to these empty, aching, arms,
-dear Lynch&#8217;s Ferry!</p>
-
-<p>I have always thought that the unnatural separation
-between Lynchburg and Richmond was the
-source of all our troubles. In some way, not entirely
-clear to me, it brought on the late war, and it will
-bring on another, if a reunion between the two cities
-does not soon take place. Baltimore, that pretty
-and attractive, but meddlesome vixen, is at the bottom
-of it all. Richmond will not fear Baltimore
-after the rails are laid. Her prosperity will date
-anew from the time of her iron wedding with Lynchburg.
-We shall see her merchants on our streets
-again, and see them often. That will be a better day.</p>
-
-
-
-
-
-<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span>Alas! there are many we shall not see. John
-G. Meem, Sam&#8217;l McCorkle, John Robin McDaniel,
-John Hollins, Chas. Phelps, Jno. R. D. Payne, Jehu
-Williams, Ambrose Rucker, Wilson P. Bryant, (who
-died the other day,) and many, many others will not
-come to Richmond any more. They are gone. And
-if they came, they would not meet the men they used
-to meet; very few of them at least. Jacquelin P.
-Taylor, John N. Gordon, Thos. R. Price, Lewis D.
-Crenshaw, James Dunlop&mdash;why add to the list?
-They too are gone.</p>
-
-<p>But the sons of the old-time merchants of Lynchburg
-will meet here the sons of the old-time merchants
-of Richmond, and the meeting of the two,
-the mingling of the waters&mdash;Blackwater creek with Bacon
-Quarter branch&mdash;deuce take it! I have gone off
-on the water line again&mdash;the admixture, I should say,
-of the sills of Campbell with the spikes of Henrico,
-the readjustment, so to speak, of the ties (R. R. ties)
-that bind us, will more than atone for the obsolete<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span>
-canal, and draw us all the closer by reason of our long
-separation and estrangement. Richmond and Lynchburg
-united will go onward and upward in a common
-career of glory and prosperity. And is there, can
-there be, a Virginian, deserving the name, who would
-envy that glory, or for a moment retard that prosperity?
-Not one, I am sure.</p>
-
-<p>Allow me, now that my reminiscences are ended,
-allow me, as an old stager and packet-horn reverer,
-one last Parthian shot. It is this: If the James river
-does not behave better hereafter than it has done of
-late, the railroad will have to be suspended in mid-heaven
-by means of a series of stationary balloons;
-travelling then may be a little wabbly, but at all
-events, it won&#8217;t be wet.</p>
-
-<p class="right">G. W. BAGBY.</p>
-
-<hr class="chap" />
-
-<div class="transnote">
-
-<p class="ph1">TRANSCRIBER&#8217;S NOTES:</p>
-
-
-<p>Obvious typographical errors have been corrected.</p>
-
-<p>Archaic or alternate spelling has been retained from the original.</p>
-
-<p>The cover image for this eBook was created by the transcriber from the title page and is entered into the public domain.</p>
-
-</div>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
-
-
-
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