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+This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements,
+metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be
+in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES.
+
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+Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for
+eBook #62845 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/62845)
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-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth,
-Massachusetts, by William F. Atwood
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth, Massachusetts
-       With a Brief Outline of The Pilgrim Migration and Settlement at Plymouth
-
-Author: William F. Atwood
-
-Release Date: August 4, 2020 [EBook #62845]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PILGRIM GUIDE BOOK TO PLYMOUTH, MASS ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-                            OFFICIAL PILGRIM
-                               GUIDE BOOK
-                       To Plymouth, Massachusetts
-
-
-                                                                     25¢
-
-    [Illustration: HISTORIC PILGRIM PLYMOUTH
-    A GUIDE MAP SHOWING PRINCIPAL STREETS AND HISTORIC SHRINES]
-
-
-
-
-                          _Pilgrim_ GUIDE Book
-                                   To
-                                PLYMOUTH
-                             MASSACHUSETTS
-
-
-    _With a Brief Outline of The Pilgrim Migration and Settlement at
-                               Plymouth_
-
-                      _By_ William Franklin Atwood
-
-“_What your fathers with so much difficulty attained, do not basely
-relinquish._”
-      Inscription on gravestone of Gov. William Bradford on Burial Hill.
-
-         Copyright, 1940, by PAUL W. BITTINGER, Plymouth, Mass.
-                          All Rights Reserved.
-                        Sixth Edition, May, 1957
-
-    [Illustration: Facsimile of original Seal of the Plymouth Colony. It
-    disappeared during the administration of Sir Edmund Andros, who, in
-    1686 was sent by King James to rule over the Dominion of New
-    England. It has never been recovered.]
-
-Note: Dates used, except those in quotations, accord with the new style
-calendar adopted by England in 1752, although having been in use in
-Holland since 1583.
-
-                                 * * *
-
-
-                            PUBLISHER’S NOTE
-
-For those who may desire further information regarding the Pilgrims in
-England and Holland, their motives and aspirations leading to the
-migration and final settlement at Plymouth, reference is suggested to
-The Pilgrim Story, of the Pilgrim Book Series, a condensed history from
-the writings of Governor Bradford, Governor Winslow and other
-authoritative sources, by William F. Atwood.
-
-                                 * * *
-
-Cover design by Leo Schrieber, Plymouth, Mass. Cover photo from oil
-painting in Pilgrim Hall depicting Departure of Pilgrims from
-Delfthaven. Illustration, inside front cover, scene of two modern
-Pilgrim Misses from annual Thanksgiving Pageant held in Plymouth
-Memorial Building on Thanksgiving Day.
-
-                              Published by
-                           THE MEMORIAL PRESS
-                            Plymouth, Mass.
-
-          This publication is one in the Pilgrim Book Series.
-
-
-
-
-                                CONTENTS
-
-
-  Page
-  Brewster Garden                                                     33
-  Brewster Spring                                                     34
-  Burial Hill                                                         16
-      Old Fort                                                        18
-      Grave of William Bradford                                       21
-      Site of Watch Tower                                             17
-      Old Graves                                                      19
-  Cole’s Hill                                                         40
-  Court House                                                          6
-  Edward Winslow House                                                44
-  Harlow House                                                        61
-  Howland House                                                       59
-  Industries                                                           6
-  Kendall Holmes House                                                62
-  Leyden Street                                                       32
-  Massasoit Statue                                                    43
-  Mayflower Passengers                                                65
-  Major John Bradford House                                            7
-  Memorial Fountain                                                   40
-  Memorial Seat                                                       42
-  Morton Park                                                         57
-  National Monument to Forefathers                                     9
-  Old Colony Club                                                      5
-  Pilgrim Hall                                                        49
-  Pilgrim Maiden                                                      34
-  Pilgrim Society                                                     55
-  Plimoth Plantation                                                  13
-  Plymouth Rock                                                       37
-  Plymouth Memorial Building                                           6
-  Postoffice                                                           6
-  Registry of Deeds                                                   47
-  Sarcophagus                                                         41
-  Sandwich Street                                                     60
-  Sparrow House                                                       57
-  Standish Guards                                                      6
-  Summer Street                                                       57
-  Tabitha Plasket House                                               48
-  Training Green                                                      60
-  The Compact                                                         70
-  Town Square and Churches                                            29
-  Town Brook                                                          32
-  Watson’s Hill                                                       56
-
-    [Illustration: CARVER AND NORTH STREETS, LOOKING TOWARD SHIRLEY
-    SQUARE—North Street was laid out before 1633, and has been variously
-    called, in old deeds, New Street, Queen Street, North Street, and
-    Howland Street. Carver Street, once part of North, runs around
-    Cole’s Hill, and connects with Leyden, oldest Plymouth street.]
-
-
-
-
-                           PLYMOUTH—THE TOWN
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-The Town of Plymouth, made famous as the permanent settlement of the
-Pilgrims, is the county seat of Plymouth County in southeastern
-Massachusetts. It is 37 miles southeast of Boston and is reached by
-rail, and by Routes north via the Old Colony Division of the N. Y., N.
-H. & H. R. R., and by automobile over routes No. 3 and No. 3A. It
-overlooks Cape Cod Bay and a well protected harbor. Its year ’round
-population is approximately 14,000. It has an area of 108 square miles,
-the largest in the State.
-
-In addition to its historical association and its old records, among
-which one may browse at pleasure, the town has a fine public school
-system, public library, many churches, an excellent water system,
-several banks and theatres, an adequate fire and police department, a
-modernized hospital and high quality of public service. There are fine
-bathing beaches and recreational centers, hotels and accommodation for
-tourists.
-
-Fraternal organizations are numerous. The Old Colony Club, organized
-1769, the oldest social organization in America, is located on Court
-Street, opposite the Court House. Other active societies are the
-Plymouth Woman’s Club, the Plymouth Antiquarian Society, the Cordage
-Men’s Club, the Plymouth Country Club, the Girls’ Club, the Boys’ Club,
-the New Century Club, and the Manomet Village Club.
-
-The Plymouth County Court House occupies a commanding position facing
-Court Street with the Registry of Deeds near at hand on North Russell
-Street and easily accessible to visitors. A new Federal Post Office
-Building stands at the historic corner of Leyden and Main Streets. A
-commodious armory on Court Street accommodates the National Guard. At
-one time this building was the headquarters of the Standish Guards, the
-local militia company organized and chartered in 1818.
-
-Opposite the armory is Plymouth’s Memorial Building, dedicated in 1926
-to the men of Plymouth who served in all the wars in which the country
-has been engaged. It has a large hall with a seating capacity of 2000
-and was built at a cost of $300,000. This building is a few steps north
-of Pilgrim Hall, that sacred depository of Pilgrimiana, a mecca for
-modern day Pilgrims, visited every year by thousands from the world
-over.
-
-The town has diversified industries. Its mills and factories are devoted
-principally to the production of high grade woolens, cordage, tacks and
-rivets, and zinc products.
-
-    [Illustration: AN ISLAND IN ONE OF PLYMOUTH’S MANY PONDS]
-
-Over 300 ponds of sparkling clear water lie within the town’s
-boundaries, and these together with its woodlands offer almost unlimited
-facilities for hunting and fishing, while salt water fishing is equally
-available.
-
-Yes, Plymouth has much to offer as a place for permanent residence and
-as a summer resort.
-
-The door is open and the word is _Welcome_.
-
-Approaching Plymouth from the north and passing through Kingston, it is
-both convenient and of interest to visit the Major John Bradford House.
-This house stands on a knoll on Landing Road overlooking Jones River and
-the marshes. It was built in 1674 by Major John Bradford, son of Major
-William Bradford, Deputy Governor and Grandson of Governor William
-Bradford.
-
-_Legend:_
-
-During the King Philip War this house was partially burned while Major
-Bradford was moving his family to a place of safety. Upon his return
-Indians were seen surrounding the house, one of whom the Major shot
-while he was in the act of warning his comrades of the approach of the
-whites. This Indian, while wounded, crawled behind a fallen tree and
-some years later told Major Bradford of the circumstances of his escape,
-showing at the same time the bullet wound in his side received at the
-time.
-
-Another fact of interest is that this house gave shelter for something
-like twenty-five years to the now famous “History of Plimouth
-Plantation,” sometimes spoken of as the “Bradford History” written by
-Governor Bradford and preserved in the State House in Boston.
-
-Entering Plymouth through Court Street and passing the plant of the
-Plymouth Cordage Company, one comes to another old house. This house is
-known as the William Crowe House. It is located on the east side of the
-highway and was probably built in 1664 as in that year William Crowe
-married Hannah, daughter of the first Josiah Winslow. A deed dated 1665
-from Francis Billington to William Crowe refers to the estate “on which
-Mr. Crowe now lives.” This undoubtedly establishes the house as one of
-the very oldest of Plymouth’s old houses.
-
-Mr. Crowe’s widow married John Sturtevant. Her daughter Hannah
-Sturtevant married Josiah Cotton, a grandson of Rev. John Cotton. In
-1709 Mr. Cotton became the owner, and in 1723 built the two-story
-addition.
-
-Proceeding south through Court Street and turning west at Allerton or
-Cushman Street brings one to the National Monument of the Forefathers.
-
-... This monument, towering high in its massive splendor, occupies a
-commanding position overlooking the town and harbor, with Duxbury,
-Clark’s Island, the Saquish and the Gurnet in the background.
-
-The central figure is _Faith_, which stands on the main pedestal, one
-foot resting on a replica of Plymouth Rock. In the left hand is a Bible,
-while the right hand points heavenward. The whole attitude is symbolic
-of faith in a divine power, as the smaller statues below are
-representative of the principles enunciated by the Pilgrims themselves.
-
-The plan of the base is octagonal. There are four protruding wings, on
-each of which is a figure seated. One representing Morality holding the
-decalogue in the left hand and the scroll of Revelation in the right. On
-the one side is a Prophet and on the other the Evangelists.
-
-On the next pedestal is the figure representing Law with Justice on one
-side and Mercy on the other, symbolizing justice tempered with mercy.
-Education has on the one hand the wisdom of maturity and on the other
-Youth following experience. The fourth figure represents Freedom, a
-consequence of which is peace, represented on the one hand, while on the
-other is represented the overthrow of tyranny.
-
-The main pedestal has four polished faces, on two of which are inscribed
-the names of the Mayflower Pilgrims, while another bears the inscription
-“National Monument to the Forefathers. Erected by a grateful people in
-remembrance of their labors, sacrifices and sufferings for the cause of
-civil and religious liberty.” There is one panel left for future use.
-
-
-                  INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE MONUMENT
-
-  Largest granite statue in the world.
-  Designed by Hammatt Billings.
-  Built of Maine granite.
-  Cost $150,000.
-  Statue of Faith cost $31,300; was given by late Gov. Oliver Ames.
-          Other contributors: United States Government, States of
-          Massachusetts and Connecticut, together with 11,000
-          individuals of this and other countries.
-  Corner stone laid August 1, 1859.
-  Monument dedicated on August 1, 1889.
-  Height from ground to top of head, 81 feet.
-  Outstretched arm measures, from shoulder to elbow, 10 feet, 1½ inches;
-          from elbow to tip of finger, 9 feet, 9 inches; total length of
-          arm, 19 feet, 10½ inches.
-  Circumference of head at forehead, 13 feet, 7 inches.
-  Circumference of left arm below sleeve, 6 feet, 10 inches.
-  Length of finger pointing upward, 2 feet, 1 inch.
-  Circumference of finger, 1 foot, 8½ inches.
-  Circumference of thumb, 1 foot, 8½ inches.
-  Length of nose, 1 foot, 4 inches.
-  216 times life-size.
-  Weight, 180 tons.
-
-    [Illustration: JOHN ALDEN HOUSE, 1653, DUXBURY
-
-    John Alden married Priscilla Mullins in 1622. They first lived in a
-    log house below Burial Hill where their first three children were
-    born. The family later moved to Duxbury where they built and
-    occupied the present house. This house is open to visitors.]
-
-    [Illustration: A CUTAWAY DRAWING of the original Mayflower by John
-    Seamans of Weymouth, Mass., from plans drawn by William A. Baker,
-    Hingham marine architect and authority on ancient ships.]
-
-  KEY TO DRAWING
-  1 Main Deck
-  2 Galley
-  3 Upper Deck
-  4 Main Hatch
-  5 Forecastle
-  6 Waist
-  7 Bosun’s Stores
-  8 Shallop
-  9 Sail Store
-  10 Crew’s Quarters
-  11 Main Hold
-  12 Cargo
-  13 General Stores
-  14 Water Barrels
-  15 Spirits
-  16 Store
-  17 Cabins
-  18 Radio Room—A radio for the crossing was required by law.
-  19 Chart House
-  20 Steering Position
-  21 Gun Port
-  22 Main Deck
-  23 Upper Deck
-  24 Quarter Deck
-  25 Poop Deck
-  26 Beak
-  27 Bowsprit
-  28 Foretop
-  29 Maintop
-  30 Mizzenmast
-  31 Mainmast
-  32 Foremast
-
-
-
-
-                    PLIMOTH PLANTATION—MAYFLOWER II
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-On a 100-acre tract, formerly part of the beautiful Hornblower estate, a
-replica of the Pilgrim First Street (now Leyden Street) with its
-original nineteen thatched dwellings is being erected under the auspices
-of Plimoth Plantation, Inc. When complete the project will have cost an
-estimated million dollars.
-
-Nearby, in a bend in the Eel River, is the permanent anchorage of the
-Mayflower II, an exact reproduction of the original Pilgrim ship, built
-and financed by popular subscription in England.
-
-The idea of reproducing a full-size, 92-foot 180-ton Mayflower replica
-was conceived during the North African fighting in World War II by a
-Londoner, Warwick Charlton. His dream was to memorialize the common
-heritage of English-speaking peoples, and to express his country’s
-gratitude for American aid in times of great stress.
-
-Mayflower II was constructed of English oak and Oregon pine at an
-ancient shipyard in Brixham, Devon, using plans drawn up, after five
-years of research, by William A. Baker, shipyard executive with
-Bethlehem Steel. More than a quarter million English people contributed
-shillings and pence to the Project Mayflower fund.
-
-    [Illustration: PLIMOTH PLANTATION IN SOUTH PLYMOUTH
-    This is how the replica of the original Pilgrim settlement will look
-    when finished.
-    Mayflower II is shown at its permanent anchorage in lower left
-    center.]
-
-  Museum
-  Parking
-  Fort
-  Gardens
-  Trading Post
-  Indian Village
-  Mayflower
-  Grist Mill-Jenney
-  Eel River Pond
-  To the Ocean
-
-The Pilgrim village is located on a park-like site sloping up from Eel
-River. When complete it will include a trading post, grist mill, Indian
-village, and a fort meeting house, as well as dwellings identical with
-those occupied by Governor Bradford, Elder Brewster, Myles Standish,
-John Alden, and the rest. The work is being supervised by Charles R.
-Strickland, Plimoth Plantation architect.
-
-The Plantation homes are designed to have the vertical planked siding,
-thatched roofs, and sheepskin parchment windows of Tudor times. They are
-being furnished with trestle tables, benches, trundle beds, sea chests,
-and the like. Women in costume working at old looms will weave
-linsey-woolsey, and dye it with butternut hull and hemlock bark
-decoctions.
-
-Mayflower II comes to its permanent berth in the Eel River after an
-Atlantic crossing, and exhibitions at New York and elsewhere, under the
-command of Alan Villiers, of grain-ship fame. The ship will symbolize
-the wellsprings of American democracy. It will vividly recall the ideas
-forever shrined in the Compact, whereby the little company of dissenters
-bound themselves to live together by the law and under God.
-
-All America will want to see how their nation was cradled, and so more
-keenly appreciate the noble tradition to which they are heir.
-
-
-
-
-                              BURIAL HILL
-
-
-    [Illustration: CANNON OF THE PILGRIM ERA ON BURIAL HILL]
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-Leaving the Monument and passing south through Allerton Street, crossing
-Samoset Street, and continuing straight over the hill to the Cornish and
-Burton Schools, we arrive at the northwest entrance to the old burial
-ground. Rising 165 feet above sea level this hill commands a fine view
-of the harbor and bay from Kingston and Duxbury on the north to the Pine
-Hills on the south. At the base of the hill is Town Square where in the
-immediate foreground rise the spires of the First Church (Unitarian) and
-the Church of the Pilgrimage, with Leyden Street leading to the harbor
-beyond.
-
-    [Illustration: Site of the
-    Watch Tower
-    On Burial Hill
-
-    Burial Hill, once called “Fort Hill,” is one of the most historic
-    and beautiful spots in Pilgrim Plymouth. There are convenient seats
-    under the shady trees where one can rest and look out over Plymouth
-    Harbor and Cape Cod Bay. Here on the “Hill” are the graves of the
-    early colonists, the site of the Watch Tower, the Replica of the
-    Powder House, the site of the “Fort.” People come here from all over
-    the world to search for the graves of their ancestors. The guide
-    map, giving location of all the graves, which is included in the
-    Pilgrim Book of Burial Hill and Its Epitaphs, is invaluable to those
-    who wish to get the most out of their visit to Pilgrim Plymouth. In
-    leaving Burial Hill by the Town Square entrance, note the view down
-    Leyden Street, first street in New England, and remember that down
-    this same path once walked the Pilgrims of Plymouth.]
-
-    [Illustration: PLYMOUTH HARBOR AND CHURCH OF THE PILGRIMAGE
-
-    From Burial Hill, where the early graves are located and where the
-    Fort and Watch Tower and Powder House were built by the Pilgrims]
-
-From this vantage, and before the day of steam trawlers, Plymouthians
-have viewed the fleet of white-winged mackerel vessels as they sailed to
-and fro within easy vision against a background of blue sea.
-
-On clear days the sand dunes of Cape Cod as well as Provincetown may be
-seen.
-
-It was on this hill that the Pilgrims built their fort in 1622 and a
-watch tower in 1643 and another and larger fort during the King Philip
-War in 1675 as a defence against Indian attack.
-
-There is no record of its first use as a burial ground. There are six
-stones bearing dates of the 17th century, the oldest that of Edward Grey
-(1681). It is known that William Bradford died in 1657 and a monument
-erected in 1825 bears evidence to that fact. Also that John Howland died
-in 1672 and his present stone was erected (circa) 1850. It is presumable
-that there were many burials here prior to these dates, although the
-first burials were on Cole’s Hill just above the shore.
-
-
-                A TRIBUTE IN VERSE FROM PILGRIM PLYMOUTH
-
-  Oft’ have I stood on Plymouth’s sacred hill
-  That overlooks both harbor and the town;
-  Its first laid street, a Pilgrim mecca still,
-  Steeped in historic precept and renown.
-  Where bay in iridescence greets the eye,
-  Flecked by ocean breeze and white-winged sail.
-  While in the foreground looking toward the sky
-  Are silent emblems of a past travail.
-  Hallowed the ground whereon they humbly dwelt,
-  Where now in honor sleep our reverend sires;
-  Where once in life they oft’ devoutly knelt
-  And asked for guidance only faith inspires.
-  What wealth of legend, yea, what wealth of lore,
-  Abounds along this tranquil Pilgrim shore!
-
-The oldest stones in order of dates on the hill are those of:
-
-  Edward Grey                                    1681
-  William Crowe                                  1683-4
-  Hannah Clark                                   1687
-  Thomas Cushman                                 1691
-  Thomas Clark                                   1697
-  The children of John and Josiah Cotton         1699
-  The stone of Nathaniel Thomas                  1697
-
-    [Illustration: ONE OF MANY OLD STONES ON BURIAL HILL]
-
-There is a doubt concerning the last named as the inscription is now
-illegible, but his death is supposed to have occurred in 1697.
-
-Near the northwest entrance through which we entered is the replica of
-the old Powder House built in 1770 and later demolished. The present
-structure was a gift of the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the
-American Revolution.
-
-Burial Hill was well chosen as the site of the first fort. As it was
-easily approachable from First Street (now Leyden) and commanded the
-surrounding territory for some distance in all directions, it served as
-an excellent defense against attack by Indians. The locations of the
-fort and watch tower are marked by appropriately inscribed tablets.
-
-But a few steps away to the north is the grave of Gov. William Bradford
-(numbered 32) over which stands a marble shaft erected in 1825, bearing
-the Latin inscription, the free translation of which is: “What our
-Fathers with so much difficulty attained, do not basely relinquish.”
-
-The inscription on the south side reads:
-
-  H. I. William Bradford of Austerfield, Yorkshire, England. Was the son
-  of William and Alice Bradford. He was Governor of Plymouth Colony from
-  1621 to 1633, 1635 to 1637, 1639 to 1643, 1645 to 1657.
-
-The inscription on the north side follows:
-
-  Under this stone rest the ashes of William Bradford, a zealous Puritan
-  and sincere Christian Gov. of Ply. Col. from 1621 to 1657, (the year
-  he died, aged 69) except 5 yrs. which he declined.
-
-There is also a text in Hebrew, now almost obliterated, which has been
-translated,
-
-  “Let the right hand of the Lord awake.”
-
-Descendants of Governor William Bradford are buried in the immediate
-vicinity.
-
-No. 33—Major William Bradford, Dep. Gov. of Plymouth Colony, and a son
-of Gov. Bradford. The inscription on this stone is as follows:
-
-  Here lyes ye body of ye honorable Major William Bradford who expired
-  Feb’ ye 20th. 1703-4 aged 79 years.
-
-  He lived long, but still was doing good,
-  And in his country’s service lost much blood,
-  And a life well spent, he’s now at rest,
-  His very name and memory is blest.
-
-At the grave of Joseph Bradford, another son, the inscription on the
-stone reads as follows:
-
-  Here lyes ye body of Joseph Bradford, son of the late Honorable
-  William Bradford, Esq., Governor of Plymouth Colony, who departed this
-  life July the 10th, in the eighty-fifth year of his age.
-
-No. 35—Stone over the grave of John Howland, the last of the Mayflower
-passengers who lived in Plymouth. The inscription on this stone reads as
-follows:
-
-  Here ended the Pilgrimage of John Howland, who died February 23,
-  1672-3 aged above 80 years. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John
-  Tilley, who came with him in the Mayflower Dec. 1620. From them are
-  descended a numerous posterity.
-
-  “He was a godly man and an ancient professor in the wayes of Christ.
-  Hee was one of the first comers into this land and was the last man
-  that was left of those that came over in the Shipp called the
-  Mayflower that lived in Plymouth.” (Plymouth Records.)
-
-No. 44—Stone at grave of William Crowe bearing dates 1683-84.
-
-  For complete story of Burial Hill and detailed guide map showing name
-  and location of all the graves the reader is referred to The Pilgrim
-  Guide to Burial Hill and Its Epitaphs, available at most Plymouth
-  stores. The map is indispensable in locating the graves.
-
-No. 40—Stone to Thomas Clark 1697.
-Stone to Hannah Clark 1697.
-
-Near the stone of Thomas Clark is stone to Nathaniel Clark, his son. The
-latter was a councilor to Sir Edward Andros, Governor of New England.
-
-No. 38—Stone to John Cotton 1699.
-
-Graves of the Cottons. Three sons of Rev. John Cotton and seven sons of
-Josiah Cotton.
-
-The Cushman gravestone 1691. This noted gravestone is one of the six
-bearing date in the seventeenth century. This ancient landmark was
-removed by the descendants of Elder Thomas Cushman to make room as they
-say “for a more enduring memorial.”
-
-The Cushman monument on the north side of the hill was erected in 1858
-in memory of Robert Cushman, his wife Mary, and Thomas Cushman, the
-latter for many years a ruling elder in the First Church.
-
-The foregoing are the oldest stones on the hill.
-
-Others are: No. 31—Thomas Faunce 1646-1745. Elder First Church
-1699-1745. Town Clerk 1685-1723.
-
-No. 36 is the grave of Nathaniel Jackson. The stone is the oldest
-Masonic stone on the hill. It is dated 1743.
-
-No. 37—Stone over the grave of Francis LeBaron 1704. The “Nameless
-Nobleman.”
-
-No. 41—Grave of sailors from brig Gen. Arnold who perished in Plymouth
-Harbor. James Magee of Boston was the unfortunate commander of this
-ill-fated ship. The site is marked by a monument erected through the
-generosity of Stephen Gale of Portland, Maine. This is on the west side
-of the hill.
-
-No. 42—Tabitha Plasket, June 10, 1807. (Epitaph on following page).
-
-No. 43—Gen. James Warren lot. Patriot and Soldier.
-
-No. 45—Site of fort built in 1622; the lower part was used for a church;
-also fort built in 1675—100 ft. square with palisades 10½ ft. high.
-
-There are many peculiar epitaphs, some in prose and some in verse, and
-expressive of about every shade and degree of sentiment. A few of these
-follow:
-
-(Blue stone, slate. Top and right-hand corner gone) Capt. Ellis Brews——
-and Nancy —— wife died Dec. 13, 189— aged —4 years (where lines appear
-letters and figures are obliterated). The name, however, is Brewster,
-and originally read—Son of:
-
-  “He listen’d for a while to hear
-  Our mortal griefs then turned his ear
-  To angel harps and songs and cried
-  To join their notes celestial sigh’d and dyed.”
-
-(Low blue slate. Sound and compact. Symbol). In memory of Frederic, son
-of Mr. Thomas Jackson and Mrs. Lucy, his wife who died March 15, 1788,
-aged 1 year and 5 days.
-
-  O! happy Probationer! accepted, without being exercised!—It was thy
-  peculiar Privilege not to feel the slightest of these Evils, which
-  oppress thy surviving kindred.
-
-(Blue slate; pyramidal; good condition. At top bust of female under
-curtain drapery. The epitaph is from Young’s Night Thoughts,
-“Narcissa.”)
-
-Fanny Crombie, daughter of Mr. Calvin Crombie and Mrs. Naomi, his wife.
-Departed this life June 25th, 1804, in the 8th year of her age.
-
-  As young as beautiful and soft as young
-  And gay as soft and innocent as gay.
-
-Note: In quoting these epitaphs the writer has referred to book compiled
-      in 1894 by the late Benjamin Drew of Plymouth.
-
-(Blue slate. Good condition. Weeping willow and urn.)
-
-To the memory of ISAAC COAL, son of Mr. Isaac Coal and Mrs. Sarah, his
-wife, who died Aug. 28, 1825, in the 17th year of his age.
-
-  Friends and Physicians could not save
-  His mortal body from the grave
-  Nor can the grave confine him here
-  When CHRIST shall call him to appear.
-
-(Blue slate. Good condition. Weeping willow and urn).
-
-In memory of Mrs. Tabitha Plasket, who died June 10, 1807, aged 64
-years.
-
-  Adieu vain world I have seen enough of thee
-  And I am careless what thou say’st of me
-  Thy smiles I wish not;
-  Nor the frowns I fear
-  I am now at rest my head lies quiet here.
-
-(Stone of blue slate. Moss grown. Defaced. Cleft Broken Symbol.)
-
-  —ere lyes Buried—body of Mrs. Sarah Atwood, wife of Deacon John ——
-  died Jan. ye 22d 1725 in ye 37th year of her age.
-
-(Purplish blue slate. Nearly covered with moss. Symbol surrounded with
-blossoms.)
-
-The memory of the Just is Blessed.
-
-  Here lyes the Body of Mr. John Atwood who died on the 6th of August A
-  D 1754 AEtatis 70 years. He was a Man of Piety & Religion Adorned with
-  every Christian grace & virtue & therefore well qualified for ye
-  office of a Deacon which he discharged in ye first Church of Christ in
-  this Town for about 40 Years with Honesty & uprightness and in the
-  Course of his Life adorned the Doctrine of His Saviour by a well
-  ordered Conversation.
-
-Some are truly inspirational as shown by the following:
-
-(White marble, fair condition, Urn.)
-
-  Patience C. Holmes, Daug. of Nathan and Ruth Holmes. Died April 1,
-  1845, in her 24 y’r.
-
-  “Shed not for her the bitter tear
-    Nor give the heart to vain regret,
-  ’Tis but the casket that lies here;
-    The gem that fill’d it sparkles yet.”
-
-Monument
-
-  In memory of Seventy two seamen who perished in Plymouth harbour on
-  the 26 and 27 days of December 1778, on board the private armed Brig,
-  Gen. Arnold, of twenty guns, James Magee of Boston, Commander, sixty
-  of whom were buried on this spot.
-
-(On the northwesterly side.)
-
-Capt. James Magee died in Roxbury, February 4, 1801; aged 51 years.
-
-Note: This monument was erected by Stephen Gale of Portland, Maine, a
-      stranger to them, as a memorial to their sufferings and death.
-
-One of the most recent burials here was that of Judge Thomas Russell who
-was buried here at his special request.
-
-Judge Russell was a native of Plymouth, the son of Thomas and Mary Ann
-(Goodwin) Russell. He was a noted jurist, was appointed by President
-Grant United States Minister to Venezuela and was President of the
-Pilgrim Society on the occasion of General Grant’s visit to Plymouth.
-His stone of native granite bears the inscription: Thomas Russell, born
-Sept. 26, 1825, Died Feb. 9, 1887.
-
-The brass cannons shown above are on the east side of Burial Hill near
-the site of the old fort. They were presented to the Town of Plymouth by
-the British Government as an expression of Good Will during the
-Tercentenary period and were transmitted through the Ancient and
-Honourable Artillery Company of London to the Ancient and Honorable
-Artillery Company of Massachusetts. On the right is a “Minion.” On the
-left a “Sakeret,” both of the mid-16th century era. They were formerly
-in the collection of the British National Artillery Museum and are
-similar to the cannons mounted on the first fort to protect the colony
-from attack of Indians.
-
-    [Illustration: PILGRIMS PROGRESS, presented each Friday in August by
-    the Plymouth Antiquarian Society. This is a colorful event,
-    impressive and inspirational in its simplicity.]
-
-
-
-
-                        TOWN SQUARE AND CHURCHES
-
-
-Leaving the hill at the southeast slope and following down the terraced
-brick and granite walk, we step into Town Square. This is the logical
-center of the town and it may well be said, for generations the seat of
-government with the Town House on the south side, bearing its
-descriptive tablet. Just ahead is the first street leading to the water
-and reaching to the north is Main Street.
-
-Let us here face about. As we look up the square we face the First
-Church (Unitarian), so called by virtue of its succession of unbroken
-records, the oldest volume of which may be seen in Pilgrim Hall. This
-church was dedicated on Dec. 21, 1899. Its arched portal is an elaborate
-copy of the portal of the church at Austerfield, England, in which Gov.
-Bradford was christened. A tablet near the entrance bears the following
-inscription:
-
-  The Church of Scrooby, Leyden, and the Mayflower gathered on this
-  hillside in 1620, has ever since preserved unbroken records and
-  maintained a continuous ministry, its first covenant being still the
-  basis of its fellowship. In reverent memory of its Pilgrim founders
-  this fifth meeting house was erected A. D. MDCCCXCVII.
-
-At the east end of the church is a memorial window representing John
-Robinson delivering his farewell address to the Pilgrims. This window is
-an artistic masterpiece. It was designed by Edward P. Sperry and since
-its installation it has been an object of much interest to visitors to
-Plymouth. Numerous other windows are commemorative of historic events.
-
-The wood church of Gothic design occupying this site previous to
-erection of the present edifice, was built in 1830 and was destroyed by
-fire on Nov. 22, 1892.
-
-On the right of the square is the Congregational Church, or Church of
-the Pilgrimage, erected in 1840, on which is a tablet with the following
-inscription:
-
-  This tablet is inscribed in grateful memory of the Pilgrims and of
-  their successors who, at the time of the Unitarian controversy in
-  1801, adhered to the belief of the Fathers, and on the basis of the
-  original creed and covenant perpetuated, at great sacrifice, in the
-  Church of the Pilgrimage, the evangelical faith and fellowship of the
-  Church of Scrooby, Leyden, and the “Mayflower” organized in England in
-  1606.
-
-The first meeting house was erected in 1637 near the Gov. Bradford
-House. This building contained a bell, as did the more pretentious
-building erected in 1683 with its diamond leaded windows, Gothic roof,
-etc. In 1744 still another place of worship was erected nearer the site
-of the present First Church, and this remained until 1830, when the
-church that preceded the present church was built.
-
-Considering Town Square as a focal point, there are several divergent
-routes one may take, each contributing its legacy of historical
-interest.
-
-    [Illustration: TOWN SQUARE—Old view. Looking down Church Lane.
-    Leyden Street (first street) and ocean in distance.]
-
-
-
-
-                             LEYDEN STREET
-
-
-Let us now leave Town Square and wend our way along Leyden Street, so
-named in 1823, originally called First Street and later Great and Broad
-Street. On the right as we move easterly toward the water we see, on the
-site of the Elder Brewster homestead, the new Federal Building, in which
-is located the Customs House and Post Office. This is on the corner of
-Leyden Street and Main Street Extension, the latter extending over Town
-Brook referred to in Bradford’s History as “a very sweete brooke,” and
-which runs parallel with Leyden Street, emptying into the harbor just
-below.
-
-    [Illustration: OLD LEYDEN STREET HOUSES
-
-    With gardens bordering the brook, popularly called, after the Dutch,
-    “Meersteads”]
-
-    [Illustration: PILGRIM MAID AND POOL
-    Brewster Gardens]
-
-
-
-
-                            BREWSTER GARDENS
-                             A BEAUTY SPOT
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-A spot both picturesque and historical lies to the south of Leyden
-Street bordering Town Brook. It covers land first allotted to William
-Brewster, John Goodman and Peter Brown in the original lay-out. The
-gardens in the rear extended downwards to the brook.
-
-In the early days the estuary at the mouth of the stream was
-sufficiently wide and deep at high tide to permit the passing of fishing
-boats to what is now the third bridge. Many small craft “tied up” here
-during the winter months and periods of bad weather. Later a dam was
-built at the mouth of the stream and for generations water extended over
-an area of several acres.
-
-The reclamation of this area was a part of the Tercentenary program. It
-was drained and graded, and the brook now follows its natural course
-through the park, now known as Brewster Gardens. The old English or
-Dutch gardens in the rear of the houses fronting on Leyden Street
-present a decided contrast.
-
-Near the brook stands Henry H. Kitson’s statue of the Pilgrim Maiden
-mounted upon a native boulder and impressive in its sublimity. It seems
-to symbolize the courage and determination with which the adversities
-confronting the colonists were met and overcome. It was presented to the
-town by the National Society of New England Women, and bears the
-inscription—“To those intrepid English women, whose courage, fortitude
-and devotion brought a new nation into being, this statue of the Pilgrim
-Maiden is dedicated.”
-
-Close at hand is the spring that supplied “sweete water” in the days of
-the Pilgrims. Water from this spring has been piped to the street above
-and supplies a drinking fountain near the Post Office.
-
-A flight of stone steps designed by Fletcher Steele leads to this park.
-
-Another memorial not to be overlooked is the stone seat also designed by
-Fletcher Steele and presented to the town by the National Society of
-Daughters of the American Colonists who came in the ship Ann in 1623.
-
-    [Illustration: PLYMOUTH POST OFFICE (Early Photo)
-    Corner Leyden Street—First Street in New England]
-
-Much of the credit for reclaiming this area so closely associated with
-the lives of the Pilgrims and developing this beautiful park is due Mrs.
-William H. Forbes of Milton whose father, Ralph Waldo Emerson, married
-Miss Lidian Jackson, daughter of Charles Jackson, in the old Winslow
-House shown on another page. This park is reached from both Water Street
-and Main Street Extension.
-
-The points of greatest historical interest are so closely related in
-regard to location that to attempt to prescribe a definite route would
-be extremely difficult.
-
-The most important points of interest are within easy walking distance.
-As a suggestion, however, one might follow Water Street from Brewster
-Gardens north and find the historic Rock within a two minutes’ walk.
-
-During the Tercentenary celebration many changes were made in this
-section. The old wharves and buildings that had characterized this spot
-for generations, are gone and the immediate surroundings have been
-converted into a state reservation. It is a ground made sacred to the
-memory of the Pilgrims as is evidenced by the many memorials and markers
-in the vicinity, gifts of the various historical societies throughout
-the country.
-
-    [Illustration: PERISTYLE OVER PLYMOUTH ROCK]
-
-
-
-
-                             PLYMOUTH ROCK
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-The magnificent peristyle shown here was designed by the architects
-McKim, Mead & White and was a gift of the National Society of the
-Colonial Dames of America on the 300th anniversary of the Landing of the
-Pilgrims.
-
-It encloses the historic “Rock” on which the Pilgrims first set foot.
-The foundation wall is open on the water side allowing the free wash of
-the flood tides around the rock as it lies in its original bed.
-
-    [Illustration: PLYMOUTH ROCK—A NATIONAL SHRINE]
-
-Plymouth Rock, emblematic and suggestive of the Pilgrim associations has
-been viewed by countless thousands of people, not only from our own
-states, but the world over. It has been photographed, painted, and
-reproduced in bronze. On this rock the Pilgrims first stepped foot,
-December 21st, 1620. To those who may be prone to scepticism it can be
-stated that its interesting history has been handed down from generation
-to generation from Elder Thomas Faunce, who was born in Plymouth in
-1647, and who died in 1746, aged 99 years. A few years before his death,
-at a time when removal or covering up of the rock was under
-contemplation, he made vigorous protest at what he termed the
-desecration of an object of deep veneration, stating that his father,
-John Faunce, who came over in the Ann in 1623, had told him that it was
-on that rock that the forefathers landed, as stated by them to him.
-
-It is further possible that an early age some of the eldest of the
-Mayflower passengers may have imparted this information to Elder Faunce
-directly. During the war of the Revolution, an attempt was made to
-remove the rock to Town Square, there to be viewed as an emblem of
-liberty, civic and religious. In the operation of lifting, the upper
-portion split away, leaving the base in its original bed. This top
-portion was, however, transferred to the square, where it remained until
-1834, when it was taken to Pilgrim Hall and placed within an iron fence
-at the left of the entrance. In 1880 it was moved back and cemented to
-its original base.
-
-In the vicinity where the Rock now rests there were once many wharves
-and industrial enterprises. Plymouth was then an active and busy seaport
-but all this was changed when the Commonwealth of Massachusetts bought
-this land in 1920 and made it into a reservation.
-
-The memorial pictured below, standing close to the Rock and Peristyle,
-is symbolic of the part played by the women of the Plymouth Colony in
-shaping the destinies of this, the first permanent settlement. Their
-courage and fortitude fill a glorious page in the annals of American
-colonization.
-
-    [Illustration: MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN
-    By C. T. Jennewein
-
-    “Erected by the National Society Daughters of the American
-    Revolution in Memory of the Heroic Women of the Mayflower
-    1620-1920.”]
-
-
-
-
-                              COLE’S HILL
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-Rising directly back of the landing place is Cole’s Hill, named after
-James Cole who settled here in 1633 and who died in Plymouth in 1692.
-Here lie those who died the first fateful winter. The hardships of the
-voyage and the lack of proper accommodations after the landing developed
-much sickness, which made frightful inroads on the little colony, their
-number being reduced one-half during the first few months, and those
-remaining being “scarce able to bury the dead.”
-
-    [Illustration: SARCOPHAGUS—COLE’S HILL]
-
-They were reduced so fast and to such an extent that it was deemed wise
-to conceal the graves, so they planted corn that Indians might remain in
-ignorance of their great losses. At various times in the process of
-excavating, human remains have been uncovered. These were carefully
-re-interred and a granite slab bearing an appropriate inscription now
-marks the spot and conveys to the visitor a mute attest to the
-sacrifices of those who contributed their part in shaping the destinies
-of our country.
-
-Remains that were found during excavations for a water main on Carver
-Street in 1855 were, upon their identification as those of the Caucasian
-race as distinguished from the native Indians, placed in a vault on
-Burial Hill. Later, upon completion of the canopy over Plymouth Rock in
-1867, they were placed in a receptacle in the top of that memorial. They
-now repose in the Sarcophagus erected under the direction and at the
-expense of the General Society of Mayflower Descendants.
-
-During the Revolutionary War and the War of 1812 batteries were
-implanted on the brow of the hill to protect the town from approach by
-water.
-
-A memorial seat on Cole’s Hill was erected in 1917 by the descendants
-and to the memory of James Cole, born in London, England, 1600. Died
-Plymouth, 1692. First settled on Cole’s Hill, 1633. A soldier in Pequot
-War, 1637.
-
-Occupying a commanding position on Cole’s Hill is the statue of
-Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoags and friend of the colonists.
-
-It was done in bronze by Cyrus Dallin and is mounted upon a native
-boulder with a tablet bearing the following inscription:
-
-                               Massasoit
-                              Great Sachem
-                                 of the
-                               Wampanoags
-                             Protector and
-                            Preserver of the
-                                Pilgrims
-                                  1621
-                             Erected by the
-                             International
-                              Order of Red
-                                Men as a
-                            Grateful Tribute
-                                  1921
-
-    [Illustration: MASSASOIT
-    “Friend of the Pilgrims”]
-
-    [Illustration: THE EDWARD WINSLOW HOUSE]
-
-Winslow Street curves north from lower North Street and enters Water
-Street a short distance beyond. At the apex of the curve stands the
-house built in 1754 by Edward Winslow, great-grandson of Gov. Edward
-Winslow of the Plymouth Colony. The timbers used in its construction
-were brought from England. As shown, the house is an elaboration of the
-house in its original form. The trees in front of the house were planted
-by Edward Winslow’s daughter in 1760.
-
-This property has been acquired by the National Society of Mayflower
-Descendants.
-
-The above picture shows the Winslow House in its reconstruction. It was
-in this house that Ralph Waldo Emerson married Miss Lidian Jackson,
-daughter of Charles and Lucy (Cotton) Jackson who, at the time, occupied
-the house. It was later the residence of Rev. George Ware Briggs, long
-identified with the First Church in Plymouth.
-
-Passing up North Street, shaded by its arch of lindens, we come to the
-house of Gen. John Winslow, built in 1730. This building stands at the
-corner of Main and North Streets and is now a business block. It was
-upon Gen. Winslow, who was a brother of Edward Winslow, that fell the
-unpleasant burden of removing the neutral Arcadians from Nova Scotia.
-This historic building was later the home of James Warren, President of
-the Provincial Congress, who married Mercy Otis, sister of James Otis,
-the brilliant champion of American rights.
-
-We are now in Shirley Square, the town’s business center.
-
-It may be observed that North Street and Leyden Street run parallel
-toward the water, Carver Street following the curve on Cole’s Hill
-connecting with both streets at the north and south sides of the hill.
-Middle Street, starting at Main, runs between North and Leyden Streets
-and ends at the hill.
-
-To those who have not visited Plymouth in recent years, the transition
-of Court and North Streets from their quiet residential charm, to
-avenues of commercial enterprise, will be noticeable. It is the
-inevitable contribution to expansion and progress.
-
-Let us turn right here and proceed north on Court Street. A few steps
-takes us to the Plymouth County Court House and the Registry of Deeds.
-
-The Plymouth County Court House stands between North and South Russell
-Streets with its wide expanse of lawn extending to Court Street. From
-here one looks down Brewster Street to the harbor. On the northerly
-corner of Brewster and Court Streets is the Methodist Church. On the
-southerly corner, the home of the Old Colony Club.
-
-The Court House was erected in 1820 and was remodeled in 1857. It
-contains, beside the court rooms, accommodations for the various county
-offices.
-
-During recent years the houses on the south side of South Russell Street
-running westerly from School Street have been removed and Burial Hill
-has been extended to the corner. This change brings the historic hill
-into view across the Court House lawn as one approaches from the north.
-
-
-
-
-                         THE REGISTRY OF DEEDS
-
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-On North Russell Street stands the Registry of Deeds, a fireproof
-building erected in 1904. To the antiquarian and those interested in
-historical data, this building would rank next to Pilgrim Hall, if not
-first in importance. It contains papers of unusual interest, including
-many signed by Pilgrim hands, as well as those bearing the identifying
-signs or marks of the native Indians.
-
-There are deeds in the native language, Gov. Bradford’s order for trial
-by jury, various laws pertaining to the guidance of the colony and of
-the division of land, including a plan of the laying out of the first
-street (now Leyden Street).
-
-The second patent, dated 1629, granted by the Earl of Warwick, may be
-seen in the original box in which it came from England.
-
-The distribution of milk from the cows imported from England is even
-provided for. This was a matter of much concern as the supply was short
-and the demand great, to which these papers bear attest. The Registry of
-Probate occupies the second floor of the building.
-
-Continuing along Court Street to Chilton Street we come to Pilgrim Hall,
-stopping at the Tabitha Plasket House on the way.
-
-    [Illustration: TABITHA PLASKET HOUSE]
-
-This house, pictured above, was built in 1722 by Consider Howland,
-great-grandson of John Howland, who came in the Mayflower. A
-considerable part of the original structure still remains. It was
-occupied for some years by Tabitha Plasket, said to have been the first
-woman school teacher, and a person of strong personality and rigorous
-discipline. It is recorded that she hung unruly scholars to the wall by
-placing a skein of yarn under the arms as a corrective measure. The
-house is located on the east side of Court Street, between the Court
-House and Pilgrim Hall.
-
-    [Illustration: PILGRIM HALL]
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-One is awakened to the realism of the early life of the Colony with a
-visit to Pilgrim Hall, that shrine of all lovers of Pilgrim history,
-where repose many articles brought over in the Mayflower and closely
-associated with the daily life of the Pilgrims.
-
-    [Illustration: INTERIOR VIEW OF PILGRIM HALL MUSEUM]
-
-This building on the easterly side of Court Street, a short distance
-north of the Court House, was erected by the Pilgrim Society in 1824 in
-memory of the Pilgrims and as a depository for historical relics; In
-1880 material improvements were made in the original structure, largely
-through the generosity of the late Joseph Henry Stickney of Baltimore
-who had always taken an intense interest in matters concerning the early
-colony. At the time, the top portion of Plymouth Rock, which had for 46
-years been resting at one side of the entrance to the hall, the latter
-part of the time enclosed by an iron fence, was moved back to its
-original bed and placed on the base where it has since remained. Later
-in 1911-12 the Pilgrim Society spent approximately $15,000 in completing
-the work already inaugurated by Mr. Stickney, making the building
-practically fireproof with its steel beams, terra cotta and cement
-tiles, marble floors, etc. Its Doric portico is impressive in its
-dignity and will be easily recognized as one approaches from either
-direction.
-
-    [Illustration: MAYFLOWER FOUNTAIN
-
-    Located in garden in rear of Pilgrim Hall. Gift of the General
-    Society Daughters of the Revolution]
-
-
-                        AN HISTORICAL COLLECTION
-
-The following are only a few of the interesting treasures within the
-hall:
-
-Picture of the “Landing,” in vestibule of Hall. Given by R. G. Shaw of
-Boston.
-
-Picture of the “Landing,” 13 x 16 feet, by Henry Sargent of Boston and
-presented by him in 1834. On east wall of hall.
-
-Copy of Weir’s Embarkation from Delft Haven. Painted by Edgar Parker.
-South wall of hall.
-
-Departure from Delft Haven, by Charles Lucy. Presented by Alexander H.
-Rice, former governor of Massachusetts. This picture won first prize of
-one thousand guineas at an exhibition in England. Of great value. West
-wall.
-
-Original of Weir’s Embarkation of the Pilgrims from Delft Haven.
-Purchased by the Society in 1914 (Weir’s picture in the rotunda of the
-Capitol at Washington is an enlargement from this study).
-
-W. F. Halsall’s fine painting of the Mayflower in Plymouth Harbor hangs
-on the north wall inclosed by portraits of the Winslow family.
-
-Many engravings of historic interest, including the Signing of the
-Compact.
-
-Patent of the Plymouth Colony. This is the oldest state document in New
-England. It bears the date of June 1, 1621, was granted to John Peirce
-and came over in the ship Fortune in November, 1621. It shows the seals
-and signatures of the Duke of Lenox, the Marquis of Hamilton, the Earl
-of Warwick, Lord Sheffield and Sir Fernando Gorges. Several parts of
-this ancient document have broken away, including the seal of Hamilton
-and the seal and signature of John Peirce, the party of the second part
-thereto. This charter includes the territory in and around Cape Cod Bay,
-outside that allotted in the first charter which had covered the
-territory to the south in the neighborhood of the Virginia Capes. This
-second charter was granted by the Council for New England, which had
-been created by royal authority after the departure of the Pilgrims from
-Plymouth, England.
-
-    [Illustration: GOV. CARVER’S CHAIR IN PILGRIM HALL MUSEUM]
-
-Bible of Governor William Bradford printed in Geneva in 1592.
-
-Chairs of Elder Brewster, Gov. Carver and Gov. Winslow.
-
-Carved back of pew taken from parish church at Scrooby, Eng.
-
-The famous sword of Captain Myles Standish dating back several centuries
-before the Christian era; captured from the Persians by the Saracens in
-637 at Jerusalem and bearing the inscription in Arabic, “With peace God
-ruled His slaves (creatures) and with the judgment of his arm He
-troubled the mighty of the wicked.”
-
-Portraits of Dr. James Tucker, first secretary of the Pilgrim Society;
-Joseph Henry Stickney, generous contributor to the Society, hanging over
-bronze tablet; George Washington; Edward Everett; Edward Winslow,
-Governor of Plymouth Colony in 1633-36-44; Josiah Winslow, son of Edward
-Winslow, Governor, 1673-1680; Penelope Winslow, wife of Governor Josiah;
-Gen. John Winslow (great grandson of Edward); Dr. Isaac Winslow. These
-portraits are grouped about the picture of the Mayflower (by Halsall),
-hanging on the north wall of the hall.
-
-Portrait of the Hon. Daniel Webster.
-
-Original manuscript, including Miss Felicia Heman’s “The Breaking Waves
-Dashed High.”
-
-In the fireproof annex, which holds the library, are over three thousand
-volumes of great value, dating back as far as 1559.
-
-There is a basement in which are stored relics of a somewhat later
-period. In fact, the building is so filled with interesting reminders of
-the early Colonial days that it would be useless to enumerate them here.
-There is a complete catalogue obtainable at the hall which will be a
-great aid to the visitor as each article is described in detail. The
-Hall is open daily to visitors. Admission twenty-five cents.
-
-
-                          THE PILGRIM SOCIETY
-
-The Pilgrim Society held its first meeting after incorporation in the
-Court House in Plymouth on May 18th, 1820, and elected Mr. Joshua Thomas
-its first president. It was the result of a previous meeting of Plymouth
-gentlemen at the home of Mr. Thomas, who were inspired with a desire to
-perpetuate the memory of the first settlers.
-
-Four years later the original home of the society was erected upon its
-present location and upon plans of Alexander Parris, architect of the
-Boston Cathedral of St. Paul. This building as before stated was
-remodeled in 1880 and the wing which now houses the library and other
-Pilgrimiana was added in 1904. The present granite facade was a gift of
-the New England Society in New York in 1922.
-
-Across the street from Pilgrim Hall and a little to the north is the
-Armory previously referred to, while a few steps beyond is St. Peter’s
-Catholic Church. At this point on the east side of Court Street is the
-Plymouth Memorial Building, also previously described. This building
-stands on the lot formerly occupied by the colonial residence built in
-1809 by Major William Hammett and later and for many years occupied by
-Mr. Thomas Hedge and family. When the erection of the Memorial Building
-was decided upon, this house was moved back and now faces Water Street
-and the harbor. It is reminiscent of the early 19th century and is
-maintained and kept open to visitors during the summer by the Plymouth
-Antiquarian Society.
-
-
-                             WATSON’S HILL
-
-Market Street, which parallels Main Street Extension, runs from Town
-Square southward, converging with Sandwich and Pleasant Streets at its
-base. Beyond and to the right is Watson’s Hill from which place
-Massasoit and his braves approached the settlement, crossing the brook
-at the ford below on their way to the Common House where the famous
-treaty was consummated. An excellent view of the town is to be had from
-this elevation, originally a corn field and for generations a section of
-attractive homes.
-
-    [Illustration: OLD DOORWAYS ON SUMMER STREET]
-
-
-                     SUMMER STREET AND MORTON PARK
-
-Summer street leads westerly from Market Street, being one of the first
-streets laid out. Here may be seen two of the oldest houses in Plymouth,
-viz.: the Richard Sparrow House on the left of the street and a short
-distance from Market Street and the Leach House a few steps beyond at
-the Corner of Spring Street, once known as Spring Lane. This house was
-built by George Bonum in 1679.
-
-The Sparrow House is presumed to have been built by Richard Sparrow in
-1640. If so, it is the oldest house in Plymouth. Inside it is
-distinctive of the early 17th century era with its great fireplace and
-its brick oven.
-
-Note: Spring Street has been referred to as Spring Lane and Baptist
-      Hill, the latter designation derived from the fact that a Baptist
-      chapel occupied a lot for many years on the west side a few steps
-      from Summer Street.
-
-This house is now used as craftsman’s shop by the Plymouth Potters, and
-is open to visitors.
-
-Plymouth Pottery is unique in that it is made up of local red-firing
-clay by former pupils of a State Vocational Project—now organized into a
-co-operative guild.
-
-Many pieces have an early American flavor and the hand-ground glazes
-give interesting and unusual effects. Many persons have called these
-pieces “heirlooms of the future.”
-
-Summer Street follows the brook along which were many manufacturing
-concerns a short generation ago. It leads to the wooded area of the town
-past Oak Grove and Pine Hills Cemeteries to Morton Park, a woodland
-sanctuary of nearly 340 acres situated about a mile from the town’s
-center. This land was given to the town by a group of Plymouth citizens
-in 1889, headed by Mr. Nathaniel Morton, who was himself a generous
-contributor.
-
-The Park includes two lakes of sparkling fresh water, Little Pond which
-covers approximately 40 acres and where accommodations are provided for
-picnics and bathing, and Billington Sea, covering an area of over three
-hundred acres.
-
-    [Illustration: THE HOWLAND HOUSE—Built in 1666—Restored 1941
-    The only house in Plymouth where Pilgrims once lived]
-
-
-                           THE TRAINING GREEN
-
-Lying just below Watson’s Hill between Pleasant Street on the west and
-Sandwich Street on the east, is an open square known as Training Green,
-from the fact that in the earlier days companies of militia were trained
-there in the manual of arms. In the center stands the Soldiers’
-Monument, erected in 1869 to the memory of Plymouth men who served in
-the army and navy and who gave their lives during the Civil War. This
-tract of land was used before the arrival of the Pilgrims by the Indians
-for growing corn. It has contributed its share of arrow heads and other
-Indian relics, as have the other hills and fields in the immediate
-neighborhood.
-
-
-                      SANDWICH STREET, OLD HOUSES
-
-Sandwich Street runs southeasterly from the foot of Market Street,
-formerly Spring Hill. Near this point on the west side of Sandwich
-Street, near the head of Water Street, is the Howland House, built in
-1666. It was the home of Jabez Howland, son of John Howland of the
-Mayflower, who died in 1672.
-
-This house is now owned by the Society of Howland Descendants which
-holds annual reunions for the purpose of keeping alive the family
-intercourse and the traditions of the early colonial days.
-
-
-                            THE HARLOW HOUSE
-
-    [Illustration: HARLOW HOUSE (1677)
-
-    The Harlow House, now a museum of 17th century life, is maintained
-    by the Plymouth Antiquarian Society]
-
-Just beyond on the west side of Sandwich Street (No. 119) is the William
-Harlow House, built in 1677.
-
-A transfer of land on which this house stands is in the town records
-under date of July 29, 1669, as follows: “att this meeting a quarter of
-an acre of land was granted to William Harlow being a little Knowle or
-smale psell of land lying nere his now dwelling house on the westerly
-syde of the Road Way To sett a new house upon.” (sic) Timbers used in
-the construction of this house were taken from the old fort on Burial
-Hill.
-
-The Plymouth Antiquarian Society acquired this property with the object
-of preserving a fine example of the homes of the early settlement. Here
-may be seen the spinning wheel, the pots and kettles and other articles
-of domestic use necessary to the family upkeep three centuries and over
-ago.
-
-The Society also maintains the Antiquarian House on Water Street, which
-is preserved as it was in early Colonial days and is well worth a visit.
-
-
-                        THE KENDALL HOLMES HOUSE
-
-This house was built by William Harlow in 1654 and later acquired by
-Kendall Holmes. It is located on Winter Street, east of Sandwich Street.
-The house stands as originally built except for the ell which was added
-later. In both furnishings and construction it provides a fine example
-of the houses of the early colonial period.
-
-A short distance beyond is Jabez Corner. Here the roads diverge, the
-road to the right leading to Chiltonville, once known as Eel River, an
-attractive community village one and one-half miles distant.
-
-Straight ahead Warren Avenue follows the shore. This is one of
-Plymouth’s most picturesque and delightful residential sections with its
-view of harbor and bay, and its expanse of unbroken terrain as it slopes
-toward the water, all within easy access to the business center.
-
-One mile to the south is the Plymouth Beach Club and a short distance
-beyond at the point where Plymouth Beach extends along the inner harbor
-and Eel River enters the harbor, are the splendid facilities for public
-bathing provided by the Town of Plymouth. A half mile beyond, near Hotel
-Pilgrim, is the 18-hole golf course of the Plymouth Country Club, one of
-the finest in the country.
-
-Here the roads diverge again. The road to the left follows the shore,
-although at points high above the water, while the road to the right
-runs directly over the Pine Hills.
-
-These hills were included in the early division of land designated as
-the “Great Lots” in 1711-12, and later transferred by deed at various
-times and to various ownerships. At points they reach an altitude of 400
-feet above sea level. The roads running nearly parallel, meet at the
-point three miles south where the Manomet church stands at the southeast
-corner of the intersection.
-
-One-half mile to the east is White Horse Beach which, during the past
-few years, has developed into a large summer colony. The beach between
-White Horse and Manomet Point affords excellent bathing, and boats with
-tackle for sea fishing are readily obtainable.
-
-Nearby to the south is Hotel Mayflower, and at the “Point” below, the
-Manomet Coast Guard Station. Manomet Village lies to the west, and on
-the bluff overlooking the bay is Hotel Idlewild (formerly the Barstow
-House).
-
-Southward stretch wide acres of fields and meadows, hills and vales
-dotted here and there by farms and gardens, a variation of landscape
-that is typical of New England. Hundreds of acres devoted to cranberry
-culture may be seen from the highway, an indication of the high state of
-development this industry has reached.
-
-From many points of vantage along the entire shore, coastwise traffic
-via the Cape Cod Canal may be seen heading north and south.
-
-The Town of Plymouth is fortunate in having this wide expanse of
-adaptable terrain within its confines. The entire area with its scenic
-beauty, its woods, its lakes, its bay, its beaches, its rocks, its
-foliage and flowers, is a natural heritage, which, combined with man’s
-handiwork, is becoming more and more inviting, not only as a haven of
-rest and recreation, but as the ideal American homesite.
-
-
-
-
-                        THE MAYFLOWER PASSENGERS
-
-
-                    Prepared by George Ernest Bowman
-                  Editor of “The Mayflower Descendant”
-
-There were only one hundred and four (104) Mayflower Passengers. Every
-one of them is included in the two lists following. There were no other
-passengers.
-
-The 50 passengers from whom descent can be proved:
-
-  John Alden
-  Isaac Allerton
-    wife Mary
-    daughter Mary
-    daughter Remember
-  John Billington
-    wife Eleanor
-    son Francis
-  William Bradford
-  William Brewster
-    wife Mary
-    son Love
-  Peter Brown
-  James Chilton
-    wife ——
-    daughter Mary
-  Francis Cooke
-    son John
-  Edward Doty
-  Francis Eaton
-    wife Sarah
-    son Samuel
-  Edward Fuller
-    wife ——
-    son Samuel
-  Dr. Samuel Fuller
-  Stephen Hopkins
-    2nd wife, Elizabeth
-    son Gyles (by 1st wife)
-    daughter Constance (by 1st wife)
-  John Howland
-  Richard More
-  William Mullins
-    wife Alice
-    daughter Priscilla
-  Degory Priest
-  Thomas Rogers
-    son Joseph
-  Henry Samson
-  George Soule
-  Myles Standish
-  John Tilley, and wife ——
-    daughter Elizabeth
-  Richard Warren
-  William White
-    wife Susanna
-    son Resolved
-    son Peregrine
-  Edward Winslow
-
-The 54 passengers from whom descent cannot be proved.
-
-  Bartholomew Allerton
-  John Allerton
-  John Billington
-  Dorothy Bradford
-    (1st wife of William)
-  Wrestling Brewster
-  Richard Britterige
-  William Butten
-  Robert Carter
-  John Carver
-  Katherine Carver
-    (wife of John)
-  Maid servant of the Carvers
-  Richard Clarke
-  Humility Cooper
-  John Crakston
-    son John
-  —— Ely
-  Thomas English
-  Moses Fletcher
-  Richard Gardiner
-  John Goodman
-  William Holbeck
-  John Hooke
-  Damaris Hopkins
-  Oceanus Hopkins
-  John Langmore
-  William Latham
-  Edward Leister
-  Edmund Margeson
-  Christopher Martin
-    wife ——
-  Desire Minter
-  Ellen More
-  Jasper More
-    (a boy) More
-  Joseph Mullins
-  Solomon Prower
-  John Rigdale
-    wife Alice
-  Rose Standish
-    (1st wife of Myles)
-  Elias Story
-  Edward Thomson
-  Edward Tilley
-    wife Ann
-  Thomas Tinker
-    wife ——
-    son ——
-  William Trevore
-  John Turner
-    son ——
-    son ——
-  Roger Wilder
-  Thomas Williams
-  Elizabeth Winslow
-    (1st wife of Edward)
-  Gilbert Winslow
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-The migration of the Pilgrim company was the result of years of friction
-between the adherents of the established Church of England with its
-perfunctory ritualisms and those who demanded the right to worship
-according to their conscience and the simplicity of the gospel as
-exemplified in the scriptures.
-
-This determined attitude on the part of the dissenters was met by
-arbitrary rulings on the part of the reigning monarch, King James I, of
-England and the bishops who received their support from the crown. The
-oppression became so great that in 1608 the congregation of the Pilgrim
-Church at Scrooby moved to Amsterdam, Holland, whence in 1609 they moved
-to Leyden, twenty-two miles distant. Here they remained for twelve
-years. It was a temporary refuge, however. There was the constantly
-growing fear of assimilation into Dutch life and habits as well as the
-absorption of a language foreign to themselves and their posterity. They
-preferred to remain English men and women although their relations had
-been friendly with the Dutch who commended their industry and their
-peaceful contacts. Nevertheless, King James was beginning to exercise
-his influence in the low countries again much to their discomfiture.
-
-Finally deciding to leave Leyden, application was made to the Virginia
-Company which had been established in 1606, and held patents to land
-along the Atlantic coast of North America from the 34th to 45th degrees
-of north latitude, for a patent to land suitable for settlement.
-
-Having secured their patent, estates were liquidated and, with the
-proceeds therefrom, together with money subscribed by the London
-company, styled the Merchant Adventurers, with whom they had formed a
-business alliance, the Speedwell, a small vessel of sixty tons, was
-secured and sent to Delfthaven to transport the colonists to Southampton
-where the Mayflower, a vessel of one hundred and eighty tons, was to
-join them.
-
-On the 15th of August, 1620, both vessels left Southampton, but the
-Speedwell proving unseaworthy, they were obliged to return, putting into
-the harbor of Dartmouth for repairs. A second attempt resulted in
-abandoning the Speedwell at Plymouth, from which port the Mayflower
-sailed alone on the 16th of September. After a tempestuous voyage of
-sixty-six days, refuge was taken in Cape Cod harbor (Provincetown) on
-November 21st, 1620.
-
-From here exploring parties set out in the shallop (small boat) to
-locate a suitable home site and on December 21st a landing was made at
-Plymouth, the Mayflower following on December 26th. And here a permanent
-settlement was established.
-
-    [Illustration: THE DEPARTURE FOR AMERICA]
-
-As the patent they held covered land in the vicinity of the Virginia
-capes, and settlement was made outside the limits defined therein, a
-second patent was obtained covering land contiguous to Cape Cod Bay.
-This second patent was brought over in the Fortune in 1621 and is now
-preserved in Pilgrim Hall.
-
-It was while the Mayflower lay in Provincetown harbor that, to quote
-from Mourt’s Relation under date of November 23rd, 1620, “Our people
-went on shore to refresh themselves and our women to wash as they had
-great need.” This was on Monday, and is supposed to be the origin of our
-national “Wash Day.”
-
-    [Illustration: SCENE OF LANDING]
-
-It was here also that the famous document referred to by Bradford as a
-“combination” but later known as the Compact was drawn and signed. This
-document has often been referred to as the genesis of our present form
-of constitutional government as expounded in the Constitution of the
-United States and later expressed by Lincoln as “of the people, by the
-people and for the people.” It anticipates future growth and development
-and the enactment of laws necessary to meet changing conditions as “by
-vertue hereof to enacte, constitute and frame such just & equall lawes,
-ordinances, Acts, constitutions & offices, from time to time, as shall
-be thought most meete & conuenient for ye generall good of ye Colonie.”
-(sic)
-
-It has been said of the Pilgrims that “They builded better than they
-knew.” This should not be interpreted too literally. They laid a solid
-foundation upon which future generations could and did build, and upon
-this foundation rests the security of the structure that is our present
-form of government.
-
-The literal text of this immortal document follows:
-
-
-                              THE COMPACT
-       (Copied from Bradford’s “History of Plymouth Plantation”)
-
-    [Illustration: {Illustrated capital}]
-
-In ye name of God Amen. We whose names are underwriten, the loyall
-subjects of our dread soueraigne Lord King James, by ye grace of God, of
-Great Britaine, Franc, & Ireland king, defender of ye faith, &c. Haueing
-undertaken, for ye glorie of God, and aduancemente of ye christian faith
-and honour of our king & countrie, a voyage to plant ye first colonie in
-ye Northerne parts of Virginia, doe by these presents solemnly & mutualy
-in ye presence of God, and one of another; couenant, & combine our
-selues togeather into a ciuill body politick; for our better ordering, &
-preseruation & furtherance of ye ends aforesaid; and by vertue hereof to
-enacte, constitute, and frame such just & equall lawes, ordinances,
-Acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as shall be thought
-most meete & conuenient for ye generall good of ye Colonie; unto which
-we promise all due submission and obedience. In witness whereof we haue
-hereunder subscribed our names at Cap-Codd ye .11. of Nouember in ye
-year of ye raigne of our soueraigne Lord King James of England, France,
-& Ireland ye eighteenth, and of Scotland ye fiftie fourth. Ano: Dom.
-1620.
-
-  John Carver
-  William Bradford
-  Edward Winslow
-  William Brewster
-  Isaac Allerton
-  Myles Standish
-  John Alden
-  John Turner
-  Francis Eaton
-  James Chilton
-  John Crakston
-  John Billington
-  Moses Fletcher
-  John Goodman
-  Samuel Fuller
-  Christopher Martin
-  William Mullins
-  Degory Priest
-  Thomas Williams
-  Gilbert Winslow
-  Edmund Margeson
-  Peter Brown
-  Richard Britterige
-  George Soule
-  Edward Tilley
-  John Tilley
-  Francis Cooke
-  Thomas Rogers
-  Thomas Tinker
-  John Rigdale
-  Edward Fuller
-  Richard Clark
-  Richard Gardiner
-  John Allerton
-  William White
-  Richard Warren
-  John Howland
-  Stephen Hopkins
-  Thomas English
-  Edward Doty
-  Edward Leister
-
-During the first year the colony was reduced nearly one-half through
-exposure and disease. These losses were later offset by arrivals in the
-Fortune in 1621 and the Little James in 1623.
-
-In April, 1621, a treaty was made with Massasoit, chief of the Wampanoag
-Indians, who occupied the surrounding territory. This was brought about
-through the good offices of Samoset and Squanto, two friendly Indians,
-the former having learned some English from contact with fishermen along
-the coast of Maine whence he had come, while the latter had been taken
-with a number of others by a Captain Hunt who had “got them under cover
-of trucking with them and carried them away and sold them as slaves.” He
-had made his escape and returned to his home with the Nausets on Cape
-Cod.
-
-This treaty was held inviolate during the life of Massasoit and
-thereafter until the outbreak of the King Philip War in 1675.
-Precautionary measures were taken however to protect the settlement, and
-in 1622 a fort was erected on Burial Hill. This was supplemented by a
-watch tower in 1643. During the King Philip War a larger fort was
-erected on the same site. Fortunately the Plymouth colony escaped Indian
-attack although in 1676 a small community to the south near Eel River
-was attacked and eleven settlers killed.
-
-It is hard to realize in these days of material comforts, not to speak
-of luxuries, the hardships of our forebears. It was a case of work for
-survival. And there must have been work for by December, 1621, “seven
-dwelling houses and four for the use of the plantation” had been
-erected. The harvest of 1621 had been successful and a season of
-Thanksgiving had been observed, wherein some of the friendly Indians had
-participated, this being the origin of our present Thanksgiving Day.
-
-Nevertheless their existence was fraught with uncertainties. Their
-stocks of provisions were soon depleted and the problem of food supply
-became one of increasing concern. The very life of the colony depended
-upon the success of their crops. Corn had become increasingly valuable,
-not only as an article of food but as a medium of exchange, the
-colonists having little or no money.
-
-Up to 1623 they worked together on company land, sharing the fruits of
-their combined labor. This year owing to the shortage of crops “they
-begane to think how they might raise as much corne as they could and
-abtaine a better crope than they had done that they might not still thus
-languish in miserie.”
-
-
-                              LAND DIVIDED
-
-And so “to every family was assigned a parcell of land according to the
-proportion of their number for that end (but made no provision for
-inheritance) and ranged all boys & youths under some family. This had
-very good success for it made all hands industrious, so as much more
-corne was planted then other waise would have bene by any means the
-Governor or any other could use.”
-
-This was followed the next season by a division of land wherein “to
-every person was given only one acre, to them and theirs, as near the
-towne as might be, and they had no more till the seven years were
-expired.”
-
-Note: This was in accordance, at least in spirit, with the imposed
-      provisions of their contract with the English company of Merchant
-      Adventurers who had financed their expedition.
-
-A further division of land, following a division of livestock, was made
-in 1627, wherein “every person or share should have 20 acres of land
-divided unto them, besides the single acres they had already.” (sic).
-
-              —Quotations from Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation
-
-
-                             THEY CARRY ON
-
-Fortified by faith and grim determination the colonists carried on in
-the face of great adversity, yet getting more and more firmly
-established.
-
-In 1636, owing to the growth of the original colony or plantation and
-the establishment of separate settlements at Scituate and Duxbury, the
-purely democratic rule which had obtained under the Mayflower Compact,
-wherein matters pertaining to the interests of the colony were settled
-in general assembly, was superseded by a law passed providing for
-government by deputies representing the several towns.
-
-The first legislative body met in 1639 and brought together
-representatives from the outlying towns of Sandwich, Barnstable,
-Yarmouth, Taunton, Scituate, Duxbury and Plymouth.
-
-In 1643, for mutual interests and against the menace of Indian attack, a
-confederation was formed between the Plymouth and Massachusetts colonies
-in combination with Connecticut and New Haven as separate units, with
-authority vested in commissioners.
-
-This remained in force until 1672 when a new compact was made upon the
-union of Connecticut and New Haven, which gave less authority to the
-commissioners.
-
-In 1686 Sir Edmund Andros was sent by King James to rule over the
-Dominion of New England, to which in 1688 New York and New Jersey were
-added, the seat of government remaining in Boston.
-
-Conditions under Andros with his autocratic assumptions and restrictions
-were not pleasant. It is interesting to note in this connection that
-Clark’s Island which had for some time been used for the support of the
-poor, was turned over by Andros to one of his followers who had been
-attracted by its natural beauties.
-
-The ascension of William III to the throne of England in 1689 had much
-to do with shaping the destinies of the colonists. The regime of Andros
-continued until word was received that the landing of William, Prince of
-Orange, in England threatened the overthrow of the Stuart dynasty when
-the citizens of Boston revolted, took possession of a British ship in
-the harbor and overthrew the crown’s despotic representative. Plymouth
-again acquired Clark’s Island and later the proclamation of William and
-Mary established once more the freedom the colonists had previously
-enjoyed.
-
-In 1692 came the union of the Massachusetts Bay and Plymouth colonies.
-Sir William Phipps was appointed by the crown chief magistrate over the
-Massachusetts Colony with which the Plymouth Colony was united under one
-royal charter.
-
-
-
-
-    [Illustration: A&P]
-
-
-                         The Light Refreshment
-
-    [Illustration: Pepsi-Cola]
-
-               Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co., Inc. of Plymouth
-                  124 Sandwich St.    Plymouth, Mass.
-
-
-
-
-                  PLYMOUTH ROPE, THE NATION’S SERVANT
-
-Plymouth ropes have helped to write exciting chapters in American
-history.
-
-Beginning in 1824, they have sailed the seven seas aboard packet and
-whalers, the China clippers and war privateers. Today they go aboard
-majestic ocean liners and modern battle ships. They’re even on the
-atomic powered submarines.
-
-The products of Plymouth Cordage Company are intertwined in many other
-phases of the American economy ... in agriculture and fishing, in the
-construction, manufacturing, aircraft and petroleum industries, the
-public utilities and numerous other fields.
-
-There’s a Plymouth rope serving the nation every minute of every day.
-
-                        PLYMOUTH CORDAGE COMPANY
-                                                 Plymouth, Massachusetts
-                                                        Established 1824
-
-
-    [Illustration: {uncaptioned}]
-
-                       Myles Standish Restaurant
-                                   •
-                         _Catering to Parties_
-                                   •
-                        OPEN 10 A.M. to 10 P.M.
-                                   •
-                          _Home Cooked Foods_
-                                   •
-                             HALL’S CORNER
-                         Telephone Duxbury 800
-
-
-
-
-    [Illustration: FIRST NATIONAL Stores]
-
-
-                          A PILGRIM DISCOVERY
-
-    [Illustration: {uncaptioned}]
-
-Cranberries, growing wild on Cape Cod, were made into cranberry sauce by
-an unknown Pilgrim housewife. The Indians ate their cranberries raw, but
-the Pilgrim ladies stewed them with sugar as they did other fruits ...
-thus, cranberry sauce!
-
-Ocean Spray still follows this original, simple recipe in the
-preparation of famous Ocean Spray Cranberry Sauce. Ocean Spray Cranberry
-products: Jellied Sauce, Whole Sauce, Cranberry Juice Cocktail and
-Dietetic Cranberry as well as Fresh Cranberries in season make it
-possible to enjoy the flavor of cranberries all year ’round.
-
-
-
-
-    [Illustration: OUR HOME SINCE JULY, 1952]
-
-           Main Building 1803    Addition and Renovation 1952
-                   _Organized 1882—Federalized 1937_
-
-For 75 years this financial institution has contributed to the community
-welfare of Plymouth and vicinity. It has encouraged ... and made
-possible, home ownership for many. It has extended a financial helping
-hand to broaden the cultural, educational and social horizons of its
-citizens. It is aiding many to acquire security and independence through
-systematic saving. We welcome long term investment funds seeking sound
-placement at better than average yield.
-
-                   Each account insured up to $10,000
-
-                        Plymouth Federal Savings
-                          and Loan Association
-                       COURT AND RUSSELL STREETS
-                        PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS
-
-
-
-
-                  _Enjoy_ THIS TRIP ON A _Real Train_
-                           EDAVILLE RAILROAD
-
-
-    [Illustration: {map}]
-
-  A PHOTOGRAPHERS PARADISE
-  SANTA’S WORKSHOP
-  MT. URAH
-  STEEPEST GRADE
-  PARKING AREA
-  PARKING AREA FOR THOUSANDS OF CARS
-  CRANBERRY JUNCTION
-  PARKING AREA
-  CRANBERRY BOG
-  BERRIES ARE SCOOPED AT HARVEST TIME IN SEPTEMBER
-  PINE WOODS
-  PEACEDALE A MINIATURE NEW ENGLAND VILLAGE
-  LARGE RESERVOIR NEEDED TO FLOOD CRANBERRY BOGS IN TIME OF FROST
-  CRANBERRY COVE
-  PLANTATION CENTER
-  EDAVILLE FLOAT BOAT
-  THRILLS THOUSANDS AS IT SKIMS ALONG THE FLOODED BOGS TO STIR UP LOOSE
-          CRANBERRIES
-  DROPPED BY PICKERS DURING HARVEST TIME. IT’S PROPELLED BY AN AIRPLANE
-          ENGINE AND PROPELLER.
-  SUNSET VISTA
-  SAVERY AVENUE—SAID TO BE THE FIRST DIVIDED HIGHWAY IN THE U.S.
-  ROUTE 58
-  TO ROUTE 25 AND CAPE COD
-  TO ROUTE 44 AND PROVIDENCE, R.I.
-  AND HISTORICAL PLYMOUTH, MASS.
-  WHISTLE POST TRAIN WHISTLE BLOWS TWICE IN MEMORY OF THE LATE ELLIS D.
-          ATWOOD, FOUNDER OF “EDAVILLE R. R.”
-  EDAVILLE GENERAL OFFICES
-  EDAVILLE STATION AND SNACK BAR
-  PRIVATE RECEPTION CAR
-  KIDDIES’ PLAYGROUND
-  STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ON DISPLAY
-  TURN TABLE
-  WATER TANK
-  #100 STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ON DISPLAY
-  ENGINE HOUSE
-  GIFT SHOP
-  REPAIR DEPOT
-  BARBECUE AREA SERVING A DELICIOUS CHICKEN ’N CRANBERRY BARBECUE
-  RAILROAD MUSEUM ANTIQUE CARS, GUNS & FIRE EQUIPMENT
-  FIRE TRUCK RIDES
-  ICE CREAM & TONIC CONCESSION
-  BATH HOUSE
-  SWIMMING POOL
-  PICNIC AREA
-  REST ROOMS
-  RECREATION FIELD (DIFFERENT EVENTS SUCH AS HORSE PULLS ARE PUT ON
-          HERE)
-  CRANBERRY BOGS ONE OF THE LARGEST INDEPENDENTLY OWNED PLANTATIONS IN
-          THE UNITED STATES
-  P.S. GREENWOOD
-  PLYMOUTH, MASS.
-
-                                SCHEDULE
-                            TRAINS RUN DAILY
-                    April 6, 1957 thru Jan. 5, 1958
-                   (Subject to Change Without Notice)
-
-                        _All Main Highways from
-                      Boston and Cape Cod lead to_
-                           EDAVILLE RAILROAD
-                     RT. 58 • SOUTH CARVER • MASS.
-
-
-
-
-                                CONTENTS
-
-
-                      Exclusive Detailed Guide Map
-         Location and Description of Historic Places Including:
-
-
-—Plymouth Rock
-
-—Pilgrim Hall
-
-—Howland House
-
-—Antiquarian House
-
-—Burial Hill
-
-—Cole’s Hill
-
-—Town Square
-
-—National Monument to the Forefathers
-
-—Old Fort
-
-—Pilgrim Progress
-
-—Pilgrim Maiden
-
-—The Compact
-
-—List of Mayflower Passengers
-
-—Town Square and Churches
-
-—Brief Chronicle of the Pilgrims
-
-
-And all else of interest.
-
-                              ILLUSTRATED
-
-    [Illustration: Cover image]
-
-
-
-
-                          Transcriber’s Notes
-
-
-—Silently corrected a few typos.
-
-—Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook
-  is public-domain in the country of publication.
-
-—In the text versions only, text in italics is delimited by
-  _underscores_.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-End of the Project Gutenberg EBook of Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth,
-Massachusetts, by William F. Atwood
-
-*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PILGRIM GUIDE BOOK TO PLYMOUTH, MASS ***
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-
-The Project Gutenberg EBook of Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth,
-Massachusetts, by William F. Atwood
-
-This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most
-other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions
-whatsoever.  You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of
-the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at
-www.gutenberg.org.  If you are not located in the United States, you'll have
-to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook.
-
-Title: Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth, Massachusetts
-       With a Brief Outline of The Pilgrim Migration and Settlement at Plymouth
-
-Author: William F. Atwood
-
-Release Date: August 4, 2020 [EBook #62845]
-
-Language: English
-
-Character set encoding: UTF-8
-
-*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PILGRIM GUIDE BOOK TO PLYMOUTH, MASS ***
-
-
-
-
-Produced by Stephen Hutcheson and the Online Distributed
-Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net
-
-
-
-
-
-
-</pre>
-
-<div id="cover" class="img">
-<img id="coverpage" src="images/cover.jpg" alt="Official Pilgrim Guide Book to Plymouth, Massachusetts" width="500" height="703" />
-</div>
-<div class="box">
-<h1><span class="blue"><span class="smallest ss">OFFICIAL PILGRIM</span>
-<br />GUIDE BOOK
-<br /><span class="smallest">To Plymouth, Massachusetts</span></span></h1>
-<p class="jr1"><span class="large ss blue">25&cent;</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig1">
-<img src="images/p01.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="579" />
-<p class="pcap"><span class="large"><b>HISTORIC PILGRIM PLYMOUTH</b></span>
-<br /><span class="ssn">A GUIDE MAP SHOWING PRINCIPAL STREETS AND HISTORIC SHRINES</span></p>
-</div>
-<h1 title=""><span class="small"><i>Pilgrim</i> GUIDE Book</span>
-<br /><span class="smallest">To</span>
-<br />PLYMOUTH
-<br /><span class="smaller">MASSACHUSETTS</span></h1>
-<p class="tbcenter"><i>With a Brief Outline of The Pilgrim Migration and Settlement at Plymouth</i></p>
-<p class="center small"><i>By</i> <span class="sc">William Franklin Atwood</span></p>
-<p>&ldquo;<i>What your fathers with so much difficulty
-attained, do not basely relinquish.</i>&rdquo;
-<span class="lr"><span class="smaller">Inscription on gravestone of Gov. William Bradford on Burial Hill.</span></span></p>
-<p class="center smallest">Copyright, 1940, by PAUL W. BITTINGER, Plymouth, Mass.
-<br />All Rights Reserved.
-<br />Sixth Edition, May, 1957</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_2">2</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig2">
-<img src="images/p02.jpg" alt="" width="325" height="329" />
-<p class="pcap">Facsimile of original Seal of the Plymouth Colony. It disappeared
-during the administration of Sir Edmund Andros, who, in 1686
-was sent by King James to rule over the Dominion of New
-England. It has never been recovered.</p>
-</div>
-<p><span class="sc">Note:</span> Dates used, except those in quotations, accord
-with the new style calendar adopted by England in 1752,
-although having been in use in Holland since 1583.</p>
-<p class="center"><span class="gs">* * *</span></p>
-<h3 id="c1">PUBLISHER&rsquo;S NOTE</h3>
-<p>For those who may desire further information regarding
-the Pilgrims in England and Holland, their motives
-and aspirations leading to the migration and final settlement
-at Plymouth, reference is suggested to <span class="sc">The Pilgrim
-Story</span>, of the Pilgrim Book Series, a condensed history
-from the writings of Governor Bradford, Governor Winslow
-and other authoritative sources, by William F. Atwood.</p>
-<p class="center"><span class="gs">* * *</span></p>
-<p>Cover design by Leo Schrieber, Plymouth, Mass. Cover photo
-from oil painting in Pilgrim Hall depicting Departure of Pilgrims
-from Delfthaven. Illustration, inside front cover, scene of two
-modern Pilgrim Misses from annual Thanksgiving Pageant held
-in Plymouth Memorial Building on Thanksgiving Day.</p>
-<p class="center">Published by
-<br />THE MEMORIAL PRESS
-<br />Plymouth, Mass.</p>
-<p class="center">This publication is one in the Pilgrim Book Series.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_3">3</div>
-<h2><span class="small">CONTENTS</span></h2>
-<dl class="indexlr">
-<dt class="rj">Page</dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Brewster Garden</span> <a href="#Page_33">33</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Brewster Spring</span> <a href="#Page_34">34</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Burial Hill</span> <a href="#Page_16">16</a></dt>
-<dd><span class="jl">Old Fort</span> <a href="#Page_18">18</a></dd>
-<dd><span class="jl">Grave of William Bradford</span> <a href="#Page_21">21</a></dd>
-<dd><span class="jl">Site of Watch Tower</span> <a href="#Page_17">17</a></dd>
-<dd><span class="jl">Old Graves</span> <a href="#Page_19">19</a></dd>
-<dt><span class="jl">Cole&rsquo;s Hill</span> <a href="#Page_40">40</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Court House</span> <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Edward Winslow House</span> <a href="#Page_44">44</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Harlow House</span> <a href="#Page_61">61</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Howland House</span> <a href="#Page_59">59</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Industries</span> <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Kendall Holmes House</span> <a href="#Page_62">62</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Leyden Street</span> <a href="#Page_32">32</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Massasoit Statue</span> <a href="#Page_43">43</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Mayflower Passengers</span> <a href="#Page_65">65</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Major John Bradford House</span> <a href="#Page_7">7</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Memorial Fountain</span> <a href="#Page_40">40</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Memorial Seat</span> <a href="#Page_42">42</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Morton Park</span> <a href="#Page_57">57</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">National Monument to Forefathers</span> <a href="#Page_9">9</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Old Colony Club</span> <a href="#Page_5">5</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Pilgrim Hall</span> <a href="#Page_49">49</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Pilgrim Maiden</span> <a href="#Page_34">34</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Pilgrim Society</span> <a href="#Page_55">55</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Plimoth Plantation</span> <a href="#Page_13">13</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Plymouth Rock</span> <a href="#Page_37">37</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Plymouth Memorial Building</span> <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Postoffice</span> <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Registry of Deeds</span> <a href="#Page_47">47</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Sarcophagus</span> <a href="#Page_41">41</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Sandwich Street</span> <a href="#Page_60">60</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Sparrow House</span> <a href="#Page_57">57</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Standish Guards</span> <a href="#Page_6">6</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Summer Street</span> <a href="#Page_57">57</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Tabitha Plasket House</span> <a href="#Page_48">48</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Training Green</span> <a href="#Page_60">60</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">The Compact</span> <a href="#Page_70">70</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Town Square and Churches</span> <a href="#Page_29">29</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Town Brook</span> <a href="#Page_32">32</a></dt>
-<dt><span class="jl">Watson&rsquo;s Hill</span> <a href="#Page_56">56</a></dt>
-</dl>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_4">4</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig3">
-<img src="images/p03.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="514" />
-<p class="pcap">CARVER AND NORTH STREETS, LOOKING TOWARD SHIRLEY
-SQUARE&mdash;North Street was laid out before 1633,
-and has been variously called, in old deeds, New Street, Queen
-Street, North Street, and Howland Street. Carver Street, once part
-of North, runs around Cole&rsquo;s Hill, and connects with Leyden, oldest
-Plymouth street.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_5">5</div>
-<h2 id="c2"><span class="small">PLYMOUTH&mdash;THE TOWN</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p03a.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="81" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>The Town of Plymouth, made famous as the
-permanent settlement of the Pilgrims, is
-the county seat of Plymouth County in
-southeastern Massachusetts. It is 37 miles southeast
-of Boston and is reached by rail, and by Routes
-north via the Old Colony Division of the N. Y.,
-N. H. &amp; H. R. R., and by automobile over routes
-No. 3 and No. 3A. It overlooks Cape Cod Bay and
-a well protected harbor. Its year &rsquo;round population
-is approximately 14,000. It has an area of 108
-square miles, the largest in the State.</p>
-<p>In addition to its historical association and its
-old records, among which one may browse at
-pleasure, the town has a fine public school system,
-public library, many churches, an excellent water
-system, several banks and theatres, an adequate
-fire and police department, a modernized hospital
-and high quality of public service. There are fine
-bathing beaches and recreational centers, hotels
-and accommodation for tourists.</p>
-<p>Fraternal organizations are numerous. The Old
-Colony Club, organized 1769, the oldest social
-<span class="pb" id="Page_6">6</span>
-organization in America, is located on Court Street,
-opposite the Court House. Other active societies
-are the Plymouth Woman&rsquo;s Club, the Plymouth
-Antiquarian Society, the Cordage Men&rsquo;s Club, the
-Plymouth Country Club, the Girls&rsquo; Club, the Boys&rsquo;
-Club, the New Century Club, and the Manomet
-Village Club.</p>
-<p>The Plymouth County Court House occupies a
-commanding position facing Court Street with the
-Registry of Deeds near at hand on North Russell
-Street and easily accessible to visitors. A new
-Federal Post Office Building stands at the historic
-corner of Leyden and Main Streets. A commodious
-armory on Court Street accommodates the
-National Guard. At one time this building was the
-headquarters of the Standish Guards, the local
-militia company organized and chartered in 1818.</p>
-<p>Opposite the armory is Plymouth&rsquo;s Memorial
-Building, dedicated in 1926 to the men of Plymouth
-who served in all the wars in which the country
-has been engaged. It has a large hall with a seating
-capacity of 2000 and was built at a cost of
-$300,000. This building is a few steps north of
-Pilgrim Hall, that sacred depository of Pilgrimiana,
-a mecca for modern day Pilgrims, visited
-every year by thousands from the world over.</p>
-<p>The town has diversified industries. Its mills
-and factories are devoted principally to the production
-<span class="pb" id="Page_7">7</span>
-of high grade woolens, cordage, tacks and
-rivets, and zinc products.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig4">
-<img src="images/p04.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="439" />
-<p class="pcap">AN ISLAND IN ONE OF PLYMOUTH&rsquo;S MANY PONDS</p>
-</div>
-<p>Over 300 ponds of sparkling clear water lie within
-the town&rsquo;s boundaries, and these together with
-its woodlands offer almost unlimited facilities for
-hunting and fishing, while salt water fishing is
-equally available.</p>
-<p>Yes, Plymouth has much to offer as a place for
-permanent residence and as a summer resort.</p>
-<p>The door is open and the word is <i>Welcome</i>.</p>
-<p>Approaching Plymouth from the north and passing
-through Kingston, it is both convenient and
-of interest to visit the Major John Bradford House.
-This house stands on a knoll on Landing Road
-overlooking Jones River and the marshes. It was
-built in 1674 by Major John Bradford, son of Major
-<span class="pb" id="Page_8">8</span>
-William Bradford, Deputy Governor and Grandson
-of Governor William Bradford.</p>
-<p><i>Legend:</i></p>
-<p>During the King Philip War this house was partially
-burned while Major Bradford was moving
-his family to a place of safety. Upon his return
-Indians were seen surrounding the house, one of
-whom the Major shot while he was in the act of
-warning his comrades of the approach of the
-whites. This Indian, while wounded, crawled behind
-a fallen tree and some years later told Major
-Bradford of the circumstances of his escape, showing
-at the same time the bullet wound in his side
-received at the time.</p>
-<p>Another fact of interest is that this house gave
-shelter for something like twenty-five years to the
-now famous &ldquo;History of Plimouth Plantation,&rdquo;
-sometimes spoken of as the &ldquo;Bradford History&rdquo;
-written by Governor Bradford and preserved in
-the State House in Boston.</p>
-<p>Entering Plymouth through Court Street and
-passing the plant of the Plymouth Cordage Company,
-one comes to another old house. This house
-is known as the William Crowe House. It is located
-on the east side of the highway and was probably
-built in 1664 as in that year William Crowe married
-Hannah, daughter of the first Josiah Winslow.
-A deed dated 1665 from Francis Billington to
-<span class="pb" id="Page_9">9</span>
-William Crowe refers to the estate &ldquo;on which Mr.
-Crowe now lives.&rdquo; This undoubtedly establishes
-the house as one of the very oldest of Plymouth&rsquo;s
-old houses.</p>
-<p>Mr. Crowe&rsquo;s widow married John Sturtevant.
-Her daughter Hannah Sturtevant married Josiah
-Cotton, a grandson of Rev. John Cotton. In 1709
-Mr. Cotton became the owner, and in 1723 built
-the two-story addition.</p>
-<p>Proceeding south through Court Street and turning
-west at Allerton or Cushman Street brings one
-to the National Monument of the Forefathers.</p>
-<p>... This monument, towering high in its massive
-splendor, occupies a commanding position
-overlooking the town and harbor, with Duxbury,
-Clark&rsquo;s Island, the Saquish and the Gurnet in the
-background.</p>
-<p>The central figure is <i>Faith</i>, which stands on the
-main pedestal, one foot resting on a replica of
-Plymouth Rock. In the left hand is a Bible, while
-the right hand points heavenward. The whole
-attitude is symbolic of faith in a divine power, as
-the smaller statues below are representative of the
-principles enunciated by the Pilgrims themselves.</p>
-<p>The plan of the base is octagonal. There are four
-protruding wings, on each of which is a figure
-seated. One representing Morality holding the
-decalogue in the left hand and the scroll of Revelation
-<span class="pb" id="Page_10">10</span>
-in the right. On the one side is a Prophet and
-on the other the Evangelists.</p>
-<p>On the next pedestal is the figure representing
-Law with Justice on one side and Mercy on the
-other, symbolizing justice tempered with mercy.
-Education has on the one hand the wisdom of
-maturity and on the other Youth following experience.
-The fourth figure represents Freedom, a consequence
-of which is peace, represented on the
-one hand, while on the other is represented the
-overthrow of tyranny.</p>
-<p>The main pedestal has four polished faces, on
-two of which are inscribed the names of the Mayflower
-Pilgrims, while another bears the inscription
-&ldquo;National Monument to the Forefathers.
-Erected by a grateful people in remembrance of
-their labors, sacrifices and sufferings for the cause
-of civil and religious liberty.&rdquo; There is one panel
-left for future use.</p>
-<h3 id="c3">INTERESTING FACTS ABOUT THE MONUMENT</h3>
-<dl class="undent"><dt>Largest granite statue in the world.</dt>
-<dt>Designed by Hammatt Billings.</dt>
-<dt>Built of Maine granite.</dt>
-<dt>Cost $150,000.</dt>
-<dt>Statue of Faith cost $31,300; was given by late Gov. Oliver Ames. Other contributors: United States Government, States of Massachusetts and Connecticut, together with 11,000 individuals of this and other countries.</dt>
-<dt class="pb" id="Page_11">11</dt>
-<dt>Corner stone laid August 1, 1859.</dt>
-<dt>Monument dedicated on August 1, 1889.</dt>
-<dt>Height from ground to top of head, 81 feet.</dt>
-<dt>Outstretched arm measures, from shoulder to elbow, 10 feet, 1&frac12; inches; from elbow to tip of finger, 9 feet, 9 inches; total length of arm, 19 feet, 10&frac12; inches.</dt>
-<dt>Circumference of head at forehead, 13 feet, 7 inches.</dt>
-<dt>Circumference of left arm below sleeve, 6 feet, 10 inches.</dt>
-<dt>Length of finger pointing upward, 2 feet, 1 inch.</dt>
-<dt>Circumference of finger, 1 foot, 8&frac12; inches.</dt>
-<dt>Circumference of thumb, 1 foot, 8&frac12; inches.</dt>
-<dt>Length of nose, 1 foot, 4 inches.</dt>
-<dt>216 times life-size.</dt>
-<dt>Weight, 180 tons.</dt></dl>
-<div class="img" id="fig5">
-<img src="images/p05.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="369" />
-<p class="pcap">JOHN ALDEN HOUSE, 1653, DUXBURY</p>
-<p class="pcapc">John Alden married Priscilla Mullins in 1622. They
-first lived in a log house below Burial Hill where their first
-three children were born. The family later moved to
-Duxbury where they built and occupied the present house.
-This house is open to visitors.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_12">12</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig6">
-<img src="images/p06.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="698" />
-<p class="pcap">A CUTAWAY DRAWING of the original Mayflower
-by John Seamans of Weymouth, Mass., from plans drawn by
-William A. Baker, Hingham marine architect and authority on
-ancient ships.</p>
-</div>
-<dl class="undent"><dt><b>KEY TO DRAWING</b></dt>
-<dt>1 Main Deck</dt>
-<dt>2 Galley</dt>
-<dt>3 Upper Deck</dt>
-<dt>4 Main Hatch</dt>
-<dt>5 Forecastle</dt>
-<dt>6 Waist</dt>
-<dt>7 Bosun&rsquo;s Stores</dt>
-<dt>8 Shallop</dt>
-<dt>9 Sail Store</dt>
-<dt>10 Crew&rsquo;s Quarters</dt>
-<dt>11 Main Hold</dt>
-<dt>12 Cargo</dt>
-<dt>13 General Stores</dt>
-<dt>14 Water Barrels</dt>
-<dt>15 Spirits</dt>
-<dt>16 Store</dt>
-<dt>17 Cabins</dt>
-<dt>18 Radio Room&mdash;A radio for the crossing was required by law.</dt>
-<dt>19 Chart House</dt>
-<dt>20 Steering Position</dt>
-<dt>21 Gun Port</dt>
-<dt>22 Main Deck</dt>
-<dt>23 Upper Deck</dt>
-<dt>24 Quarter Deck</dt>
-<dt>25 Poop Deck</dt>
-<dt>26 Beak</dt>
-<dt>27 Bowsprit</dt>
-<dt>28 Foretop</dt>
-<dt>29 Maintop</dt>
-<dt>30 Mizzenmast</dt>
-<dt>31 Mainmast</dt>
-<dt>32 Foremast</dt></dl>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_13">13</div>
-<h2 id="c4"><span class="small">PLIMOTH PLANTATION&mdash;MAYFLOWER II</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p06a.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="83" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>On a 100-acre tract, formerly part of the
-beautiful Hornblower estate, a replica of
-the Pilgrim First Street (now Leyden
-Street) with its original nineteen thatched dwellings
-is being erected under the auspices of Plimoth
-Plantation, Inc. When complete the project
-will have cost an estimated million dollars.</p>
-<p>Nearby, in a bend in the Eel River, is the permanent
-anchorage of the Mayflower II, an exact
-reproduction of the original Pilgrim ship, built
-and financed by popular subscription in England.</p>
-<p>The idea of reproducing a full-size, 92-foot
-180-ton Mayflower replica was conceived during
-the North African fighting in World War II by a
-Londoner, Warwick Charlton. His dream was to
-memorialize the common heritage of English-speaking
-peoples, and to express his country&rsquo;s
-gratitude for American aid in times of great stress.</p>
-<p>Mayflower II was constructed of English oak
-and Oregon pine at an ancient shipyard in Brixham,
-Devon, using plans drawn up, after five
-years of research, by William A. Baker, shipyard
-executive with Bethlehem Steel. More than a
-quarter million English people contributed shillings
-and pence to the Project Mayflower fund.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_14">14</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig7">
-<img src="images/p07.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="460" />
-<p class="pcap">PLIMOTH PLANTATION IN SOUTH PLYMOUTH
-<br />This is how the replica of the original Pilgrim settlement will look when finished.
-<br />Mayflower II is shown at its permanent anchorage in lower left center.</p>
-</div>
-<dl class="undent pcap"><dt>Museum</dt>
-<dt>Parking</dt>
-<dt>Fort</dt>
-<dt>Gardens</dt>
-<dt>Trading Post</dt>
-<dt>Indian Village</dt>
-<dt>Mayflower</dt>
-<dt>Grist Mill-Jenney</dt>
-<dt>Eel River Pond</dt>
-<dt>To the Ocean</dt></dl>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_15">15</div>
-<p>The Pilgrim village is located on a park-like
-site sloping up from Eel River. When complete
-it will include a trading post, grist mill, Indian
-village, and a fort meeting house, as well as
-dwellings identical with those occupied by Governor
-Bradford, Elder Brewster, Myles Standish,
-John Alden, and the rest. The work is being supervised
-by Charles R. Strickland, Plimoth Plantation
-architect.</p>
-<p>The Plantation homes are designed to have the
-vertical planked siding, thatched roofs, and
-sheepskin parchment windows of Tudor times.
-They are being furnished with trestle tables,
-benches, trundle beds, sea chests, and the like.
-Women in costume working at old looms will
-weave linsey-woolsey, and dye it with butternut
-hull and hemlock bark decoctions.</p>
-<p>Mayflower II comes to its permanent berth in
-the Eel River after an Atlantic crossing, and exhibitions
-at New York and elsewhere, under the
-command of Alan Villiers, of grain-ship fame.
-The ship will symbolize the wellsprings of American
-democracy. It will vividly recall the ideas
-forever shrined in the Compact, whereby the
-little company of dissenters bound themselves to
-live together by the law and under God.</p>
-<p>All America will want to see how their nation
-was cradled, and so more keenly appreciate the
-noble tradition to which they are heir.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_16">16</div>
-<h2 id="c5"><span class="small">BURIAL HILL</span></h2>
-<div class="img" id="fig8">
-<img src="images/p08.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="530" />
-<p class="pcap">CANNON OF THE PILGRIM ERA ON BURIAL HILL</p>
-</div>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p08a.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="82" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>Leaving the Monument and passing south
-through Allerton Street, crossing Samoset
-Street, and continuing straight over the
-hill to the Cornish and Burton Schools, we arrive
-at the northwest entrance to the old burial ground.
-Rising 165 feet above sea level this hill commands
-a fine view of the harbor and bay from Kingston
-and Duxbury on the north to the Pine Hills on the
-south. At the base of the hill is Town Square
-where in the immediate foreground rise the spires
-of the First Church (Unitarian) and the Church
-of the Pilgrimage, with Leyden Street leading to
-the harbor beyond.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_17">17</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig9">
-<img src="images/p08b.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="515" />
-<p class="pcap"><b>Site of the
-<br /><span class="large">Watch Tower</span>
-<br />On Burial Hill</b></p>
-<p class="pcapc">Burial Hill, once called
-&ldquo;Fort Hill,&rdquo; is one of
-the most historic and
-beautiful spots in Pilgrim
-Plymouth. There
-are convenient seats
-under the shady trees
-where one can rest and
-look out over Plymouth
-Harbor and Cape Cod
-Bay. Here on the &ldquo;Hill&rdquo;
-are the graves of the
-early colonists, the site
-of the Watch Tower,
-the Replica of the Powder
-House, the site of
-the &ldquo;Fort.&rdquo; People
-come here from all over
-the world to search for
-the graves of their ancestors.
-The guide map,
-giving location of all
-the graves, which is included
-in the Pilgrim
-Book of Burial Hill and
-Its Epitaphs, is invaluable to those who wish to get the most out of their visit to Pilgrim Plymouth. In
-leaving Burial Hill by the Town Square entrance, note the view down Leyden Street, first street in New
-England, and remember that down this same path once walked the Pilgrims of Plymouth.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_18">18</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig10">
-<img src="images/p09.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="554" />
-<p class="pcap">PLYMOUTH HARBOR AND CHURCH OF THE PILGRIMAGE</p>
-<p class="pcapc">From Burial Hill, where the early graves are located and where the
-Fort and Watch Tower and Powder House were built by the Pilgrims</p>
-</div>
-<p>From this vantage, and before the day of steam
-trawlers, Plymouthians have viewed the fleet of
-white-winged mackerel vessels as they sailed to
-and fro within easy vision against a background
-of blue sea.</p>
-<p>On clear days the sand dunes of Cape Cod as
-well as Provincetown may be seen.</p>
-<p>It was on this hill that the Pilgrims built their
-fort in 1622 and a watch tower in 1643 and another
-and larger fort during the King Philip War in
-1675 as a defence against Indian attack.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_19">19</div>
-<p>There is no record of its first use as a burial
-ground. There are six stones bearing dates of the
-17th century, the oldest that of Edward Grey
-(1681). It is known that William Bradford died
-in 1657 and a monument erected in 1825 bears
-evidence to that fact. Also that John Howland
-died in 1672 and his present stone was erected
-(circa) 1850. It is presumable that there were
-many burials here prior to these dates, although
-the first burials were on Cole&rsquo;s Hill just above the
-shore.</p>
-<h3 id="c6">A TRIBUTE IN VERSE FROM PILGRIM PLYMOUTH</h3>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">Oft&rsquo; have I stood on Plymouth&rsquo;s sacred hill</p>
-<p class="t0">That overlooks both harbor and the town;</p>
-<p class="t0">Its first laid street, a Pilgrim mecca still,</p>
-<p class="t0">Steeped in historic precept and renown.</p>
-<p class="t0">Where bay in iridescence greets the eye,</p>
-<p class="t0">Flecked by ocean breeze and white-winged sail.</p>
-<p class="t0">While in the foreground looking toward the sky</p>
-<p class="t0">Are silent emblems of a past travail.</p>
-<p class="t0">Hallowed the ground whereon they humbly dwelt,</p>
-<p class="t0">Where now in honor sleep our reverend sires;</p>
-<p class="t0">Where once in life they oft&rsquo; devoutly knelt</p>
-<p class="t0">And asked for guidance only faith inspires.</p>
-<p class="t0">What wealth of legend, yea, what wealth of lore,</p>
-<p class="t0">Abounds along this tranquil Pilgrim shore!</p>
-</div>
-<p>The oldest stones in order of dates on the hill
-are those of:</p>
-<table class="center">
-<tr><td class="l">Edward Grey </td><td class="l">1681</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">William Crowe </td><td class="l">1683-4</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">Hannah Clark </td><td class="l">1687</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">Thomas Cushman </td><td class="l">1691</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">Thomas Clark </td><td class="l">1697</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">The children of John and Josiah Cotton </td><td class="l">1699</td></tr>
-<tr><td class="l">The stone of Nathaniel Thomas </td><td class="l">1697</td></tr>
-</table>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_20">20</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig11">
-<img src="images/p10.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="566" />
-<p class="pcap">ONE OF MANY OLD STONES ON BURIAL HILL</p>
-</div>
-<p>There is a doubt concerning the last named as
-the inscription is now illegible, but his death is
-supposed to have occurred in 1697.</p>
-<p>Near the northwest entrance through which we
-entered is the replica of the old Powder House
-built in 1770 and later demolished. The present
-structure was a gift of the Massachusetts Society
-of the Sons of the American Revolution.</p>
-<p>Burial Hill was well chosen as the site of the
-first fort. As it was easily approachable from
-<span class="pb" id="Page_21">21</span>
-First Street (now Leyden) and commanded the
-surrounding territory for some distance in all
-directions, it served as an excellent defense
-against attack by Indians. The locations of the
-fort and watch tower are marked by appropriately
-inscribed tablets.</p>
-<p>But a few steps away to the north is the grave
-of Gov. William Bradford (numbered 32) over
-which stands a marble shaft erected in 1825,
-bearing the Latin inscription, the free translation
-of which is: &ldquo;What our Fathers with so much
-difficulty attained, do not basely relinquish.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>The inscription on the south side reads:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>H. I. William Bradford of Austerfield, Yorkshire,
-England. Was the son of William and Alice
-Bradford. He was Governor of Plymouth Colony
-from 1621 to 1633, 1635 to 1637, 1639 to 1643,
-1645 to 1657.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>The inscription on the north side follows:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Under this stone rest the ashes of William
-Bradford, a zealous Puritan and sincere Christian
-Gov. of Ply. Col. from 1621 to 1657, (the year he
-died, aged 69) except 5 yrs. which he declined.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>There is also a text in Hebrew, now almost
-obliterated, which has been translated,</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>&ldquo;Let the right hand of the Lord awake.&rdquo;</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>Descendants of Governor William Bradford are
-buried in the immediate vicinity.</p>
-<p>No. 33&mdash;Major William Bradford, Dep. Gov. of
-<span class="pb" id="Page_22">22</span>
-Plymouth Colony, and a son of Gov. Bradford.
-The inscription on this stone is as follows:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Here lyes ye body of ye honorable Major
-William Bradford who expired Feb&rsquo; ye 20th.
-1703-4 aged 79 years.</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">He lived long, but still was doing good,</p>
-<p class="t0">And in his country&rsquo;s service lost much blood,</p>
-<p class="t0">And a life well spent, he&rsquo;s now at rest,</p>
-<p class="t0">His very name and memory is blest.</p>
-</div>
-</blockquote>
-<p>At the grave of Joseph Bradford, another son,
-the inscription on the stone reads as follows:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Here lyes ye body of Joseph Bradford, son of
-the late Honorable William Bradford, Esq., Governor
-of Plymouth Colony, who departed this life
-July the 10th, in the eighty-fifth year of his age.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>No. 35&mdash;Stone over the grave of John Howland,
-the last of the Mayflower passengers who lived in
-Plymouth. The inscription on this stone reads as
-follows:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Here ended the Pilgrimage of John Howland,
-who died February 23, 1672-3 aged above 80
-years. He married Elizabeth, daughter of John
-Tilley, who came with him in the Mayflower Dec.
-1620. From them are descended a numerous
-posterity.</p>
-<p>&ldquo;He was a godly man and an ancient professor
-in the wayes of Christ. Hee was one of the first
-comers into this land and was the last man that
-was left of those that came over in the Shipp
-called the Mayflower that lived in Plymouth.&rdquo;
-(Plymouth Records.)</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>No. 44&mdash;Stone at grave of William Crowe bearing
-dates 1683-84.</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>For complete story of Burial Hill and detailed guide map
-showing name and location of all the graves the reader is
-referred to The Pilgrim Guide to Burial Hill and Its
-Epitaphs, available at most Plymouth stores. The map
-is indispensable in locating the graves.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_23">23</div>
-<p class="revint">No. 40&mdash;Stone to Thomas Clark 1697.
-<br />Stone to Hannah Clark 1697.</p>
-<p>Near the stone of Thomas Clark is stone to Nathaniel
-Clark, his son. The latter was a councilor
-to Sir Edward Andros, Governor of New England.</p>
-<p>No. 38&mdash;Stone to John Cotton 1699.</p>
-<p>Graves of the Cottons. Three sons of Rev. John
-Cotton and seven sons of Josiah Cotton.</p>
-<p>The Cushman gravestone 1691. This noted
-gravestone is one of the six bearing date in the
-seventeenth century. This ancient landmark was
-removed by the descendants of Elder Thomas
-Cushman to make room as they say &ldquo;for a more
-enduring memorial.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>The Cushman monument on the north side of
-the hill was erected in 1858 in memory of Robert
-Cushman, his wife Mary, and Thomas Cushman,
-the latter for many years a ruling elder in the
-First Church.</p>
-<p>The foregoing are the oldest stones on the hill.</p>
-<p>Others are: No. 31&mdash;Thomas Faunce 1646-1745.
-Elder First Church 1699-1745. Town Clerk 1685-1723.</p>
-<p>No. 36 is the grave of Nathaniel Jackson. The
-stone is the oldest Masonic stone on the hill. It is
-dated 1743.</p>
-<p>No. 37&mdash;Stone over the grave of Francis LeBaron
-1704. The &ldquo;Nameless Nobleman.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>No. 41&mdash;Grave of sailors from brig Gen. Arnold
-who perished in Plymouth Harbor. James Magee
-<span class="pb" id="Page_24">24</span>
-of Boston was the unfortunate commander of this
-ill-fated ship. The site is marked by a monument
-erected through the generosity of Stephen Gale
-of Portland, Maine. This is on the west side of the
-hill.</p>
-<p>No. 42&mdash;Tabitha Plasket, June 10, 1807. (Epitaph
-on following page).</p>
-<p>No. 43&mdash;Gen. James Warren lot. Patriot and
-Soldier.</p>
-<p>No. 45&mdash;Site of fort built in 1622; the lower part
-was used for a church; also fort built in 1675&mdash;100
-ft. square with palisades 10&frac12; ft. high.</p>
-<p>There are many peculiar epitaphs, some in prose
-and some in verse, and expressive of about every
-shade and degree of sentiment. A few of these
-follow:</p>
-<p>(Blue stone, slate. Top and right-hand corner
-gone) Capt. Ellis Brews&mdash;&mdash; and Nancy &mdash;&mdash;
-wife died Dec. 13, 189&mdash; aged &mdash;4 years (where
-lines appear letters and figures are obliterated).
-The name, however, is Brewster, and originally
-read&mdash;Son of:</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">&ldquo;He listen&rsquo;d for a while to hear</p>
-<p class="t0">Our mortal griefs then turned his ear</p>
-<p class="t0">To angel harps and songs and cried</p>
-<p class="t0">To join their notes celestial sigh&rsquo;d and dyed.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-<p>(Low blue slate. Sound and compact. Symbol).
-In memory of Frederic, son of Mr. Thomas
-<span class="pb" id="Page_25">25</span>
-Jackson and Mrs. Lucy, his wife who died March
-15, 1788, aged 1 year and 5 days.</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>O! happy Probationer! accepted, without being
-exercised!&mdash;It was thy peculiar Privilege not to
-feel the slightest of these Evils, which oppress thy
-surviving kindred.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>(Blue slate; pyramidal; good condition. At top
-bust of female under curtain drapery. The epitaph
-is from Young&rsquo;s Night Thoughts, &ldquo;Narcissa.&rdquo;)</p>
-<p>Fanny Crombie, daughter of Mr. Calvin Crombie
-and Mrs. Naomi, his wife. Departed this life
-June 25th, 1804, in the 8th year of her age.</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">As young as beautiful and soft as young</p>
-<p class="t0">And gay as soft and innocent as gay.</p>
-</div>
-<p class="revint"><span class="sc">Note:</span> In quoting these epitaphs the writer has referred
-to book compiled in 1894 by the late Benjamin Drew
-of Plymouth.</p>
-<p>(Blue slate. Good condition. Weeping willow
-and urn.)</p>
-<p>To the memory of ISAAC COAL, son of Mr.
-Isaac Coal and Mrs. Sarah, his wife, who died Aug.
-28, 1825, in the 17th year of his age.</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">Friends and Physicians could not save</p>
-<p class="t0">His mortal body from the grave</p>
-<p class="t0">Nor can the grave confine him here</p>
-<p class="t0">When CHRIST shall call him to appear.</p>
-</div>
-<p>(Blue slate. Good condition. Weeping willow
-and urn).</p>
-<p>In memory of Mrs. Tabitha Plasket, who died
-June 10, 1807, aged 64 years.</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">Adieu vain world I have seen enough of thee</p>
-<p class="t0">And I am careless what thou say&rsquo;st of me</p>
-<p class="t0">Thy smiles I wish not;</p>
-<p class="t0">Nor the frowns I fear</p>
-<p class="t0">I am now at rest my head lies quiet here.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_26">26</div>
-<p>(Stone of blue slate. Moss grown. Defaced.
-Cleft Broken Symbol.)</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>&mdash;ere lyes Buried&mdash;body of Mrs. Sarah Atwood,
-wife of Deacon John &mdash;&mdash; died Jan. ye 22d 1725
-in ye 37th year of her age.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>(Purplish blue slate. Nearly covered with moss.
-Symbol surrounded with blossoms.)</p>
-<p>The memory of the Just is Blessed.</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Here lyes the Body of Mr. John Atwood who
-died on the 6th of August A D 1754 AEtatis 70
-years. He was a Man of Piety &amp; Religion Adorned
-with every Christian grace &amp; virtue &amp; therefore
-well qualified for ye office of a Deacon which he
-discharged in ye first Church of Christ in this
-Town for about 40 Years with Honesty &amp; uprightness
-and in the Course of his Life adorned the
-Doctrine of His Saviour by a well ordered
-Conversation.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>Some are truly inspirational as shown by the
-following:</p>
-<p>(White marble, fair condition, Urn.)</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>Patience C. Holmes, Daug. of Nathan and Ruth
-Holmes. Died April 1, 1845, in her 24 y&rsquo;r.</p>
-<div class="verse">
-<p class="t0">&ldquo;Shed not for her the bitter tear</p>
-<p class="t">Nor give the heart to vain regret,</p>
-<p class="t0">&rsquo;Tis but the casket that lies here;</p>
-<p class="t">The gem that fill&rsquo;d it sparkles yet.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-</blockquote>
-<p>Monument</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>In memory of Seventy two seamen who perished
-in Plymouth harbour on the 26 and 27 days
-of December 1778, on board the private armed
-Brig, Gen. Arnold, of twenty guns, James Magee
-of Boston, Commander, sixty of whom were
-buried on this spot.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>(On the northwesterly side.)</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_27">27</div>
-<p>Capt. James Magee died in Roxbury, February 4,
-1801; aged 51 years.</p>
-<p class="revint"><span class="sc">Note:</span> This monument was erected by Stephen Gale
-of Portland, Maine, a stranger to them, as a memorial
-to their sufferings and death.</p>
-<p>One of the most recent burials here was that of
-Judge Thomas Russell who was buried here at his
-special request.</p>
-<p>Judge Russell was a native of Plymouth, the
-son of Thomas and Mary Ann (Goodwin) Russell.
-He was a noted jurist, was appointed by President
-Grant United States Minister to Venezuela and
-was President of the Pilgrim Society on the occasion
-of General Grant&rsquo;s visit to Plymouth. His
-stone of native granite bears the inscription:
-Thomas Russell, born Sept. 26, 1825, Died Feb. 9,
-1887.</p>
-<p>The brass cannons shown above are on the east
-side of Burial Hill near the site of the old fort.
-They were presented to the Town of Plymouth
-by the British Government as an expression of
-Good Will during the Tercentenary period and
-were transmitted through the Ancient and Honourable
-Artillery Company of London to the Ancient
-and Honorable Artillery Company of Massachusetts.
-On the right is a &ldquo;Minion.&rdquo; On the left
-a &ldquo;Sakeret,&rdquo; both of the mid-16th century era.
-They were formerly in the collection of the British
-National Artillery Museum and are similar to the
-cannons mounted on the first fort to protect the
-colony from attack of Indians.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_28">28</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig12">
-<img src="images/p11.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="563" />
-<p class="pcap">PILGRIMS PROGRESS, presented each Friday
-in August by the Plymouth Antiquarian Society. This is a colorful
-event, impressive and inspirational in its simplicity.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_29">29</div>
-<h2 id="c7"><span class="small">TOWN SQUARE AND CHURCHES</span></h2>
-<p>Leaving the hill at the southeast slope and following
-down the terraced brick and granite walk,
-we step into Town Square. This is the logical
-center of the town and it may well be said, for
-generations the seat of government with the Town
-House on the south side, bearing its descriptive
-tablet. Just ahead is the first street leading to the
-water and reaching to the north is Main Street.</p>
-<p>Let us here face about. As we look up the square
-we face the First Church (Unitarian), so called by
-virtue of its succession of unbroken records, the
-oldest volume of which may be seen in Pilgrim
-Hall. This church was dedicated on Dec. 21, 1899.
-Its arched portal is an elaborate copy of the portal
-of the church at Austerfield, England, in which
-Gov. Bradford was christened. A tablet near the
-entrance bears the following inscription:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>The Church of Scrooby, Leyden, and the Mayflower
-gathered on this hillside in 1620, has ever
-since preserved unbroken records and maintained
-a continuous ministry, its first covenant being
-still the basis of its fellowship. In reverent
-memory of its Pilgrim founders this fifth meeting
-house was erected A. D. MDCCCXCVII.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>At the east end of the church is a memorial
-window representing John Robinson delivering
-<span class="pb" id="Page_30">30</span>
-his farewell address to the Pilgrims. This window
-is an artistic masterpiece. It was designed by
-Edward P. Sperry and since its installation it has
-been an object of much interest to visitors to
-Plymouth. Numerous other windows are commemorative
-of historic events.</p>
-<p>The wood church of Gothic design occupying
-this site previous to erection of the present edifice,
-was built in 1830 and was destroyed by fire on
-Nov. 22, 1892.</p>
-<p>On the right of the square is the Congregational
-Church, or Church of the Pilgrimage, erected in
-1840, on which is a tablet with the following
-inscription:</p>
-<blockquote>
-<p>This tablet is inscribed in grateful memory of
-the Pilgrims and of their successors who, at the
-time of the Unitarian controversy in 1801, adhered
-to the belief of the Fathers, and on the
-basis of the original creed and covenant perpetuated,
-at great sacrifice, in the Church of the
-Pilgrimage, the evangelical faith and fellowship
-of the Church of Scrooby, Leyden, and the &ldquo;Mayflower&rdquo;
-organized in England in 1606.</p>
-</blockquote>
-<p>The first meeting house was erected in 1637 near
-the Gov. Bradford House. This building contained
-a bell, as did the more pretentious building erected
-in 1683 with its diamond leaded windows, Gothic
-roof, etc. In 1744 still another place of worship
-was erected nearer the site of the present First
-Church, and this remained until 1830, when the
-church that preceded the present church was built.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_31">31</div>
-<p>Considering Town Square as a focal point, there
-are several divergent routes one may take, each
-contributing its legacy of historical interest.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig13">
-<img src="images/p12.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="715" />
-<p class="pcap">TOWN SQUARE&mdash;Old view. Looking down Church Lane.
-Leyden Street (first street) and ocean in distance.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_32">32</div>
-<h2 id="c8"><span class="small">LEYDEN STREET</span></h2>
-<p>Let us now leave Town Square and wend our
-way along Leyden Street, so named in 1823, originally
-called First Street and later Great and
-Broad Street. On the right as we move easterly
-toward the water we see, on the site of the Elder
-Brewster homestead, the new Federal Building,
-in which is located the Customs House and Post
-Office. This is on the corner of Leyden Street and
-Main Street Extension, the latter extending over
-Town Brook referred to in Bradford&rsquo;s History as
-&ldquo;a very sweete brooke,&rdquo; and which runs parallel
-with Leyden Street, emptying into the harbor just
-below.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig14">
-<img src="images/p13.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="352" />
-<p class="pcap">OLD LEYDEN STREET HOUSES</p>
-<p class="pcapc">With gardens bordering the brook, popularly called,
-after the Dutch, &ldquo;Meersteads&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_33">33</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig15">
-<img src="images/p13a.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="536" />
-<p class="pcap">PILGRIM MAID AND POOL
-<br />Brewster Gardens</p>
-</div>
-<h2 id="c9"><span class="small">BREWSTER GARDENS</span>
-<br /><span class="smaller">A BEAUTY SPOT</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p13b.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="83" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>A spot both picturesque and historical lies
-to the south of Leyden Street bordering
-Town Brook. It covers land first allotted
-to William Brewster, John Goodman and Peter
-Brown in the original lay-out. The gardens in the
-rear extended downwards to the brook.</p>
-<p>In the early days the estuary at the mouth of the
-stream was sufficiently wide and deep at high tide
-<span class="pb" id="Page_34">34</span>
-to permit the passing of fishing boats to what is
-now the third bridge. Many small craft &ldquo;tied up&rdquo;
-here during the winter months and periods of bad
-weather. Later a dam was built at the mouth of
-the stream and for generations water extended
-over an area of several acres.</p>
-<p>The reclamation of this area was a part of the
-Tercentenary program. It was drained and
-graded, and the brook now follows its natural
-course through the park, now known as Brewster
-Gardens. The old English or Dutch gardens in the
-rear of the houses fronting on Leyden Street
-present a decided contrast.</p>
-<p>Near the brook stands Henry H. Kitson&rsquo;s statue
-of the Pilgrim Maiden mounted upon a native
-boulder and impressive in its sublimity. It seems
-to symbolize the courage and determination with
-which the adversities confronting the colonists
-were met and overcome. It was presented to the
-town by the National Society of New England
-Women, and bears the inscription&mdash;&ldquo;To those
-intrepid English women, whose courage, fortitude
-and devotion brought a new nation into being,
-this statue of the Pilgrim Maiden is dedicated.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>Close at hand is the spring that supplied &ldquo;sweete
-water&rdquo; in the days of the Pilgrims. Water from
-this spring has been piped to the street above and
-supplies a drinking fountain near the Post Office.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_35">35</div>
-<p>A flight of stone steps designed by Fletcher
-Steele leads to this park.</p>
-<p>Another memorial not to be overlooked is the
-stone seat also designed by Fletcher Steele and
-presented to the town by the National Society of
-Daughters of the American Colonists who came in
-the ship Ann in 1623.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig16">
-<img src="images/p14.jpg" alt="" width="593" height="516" />
-<p class="pcap">PLYMOUTH POST OFFICE (Early Photo)
-<br />Corner Leyden Street&mdash;First Street in New England</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_36">36</div>
-<p>Much of the credit for reclaiming this area so
-closely associated with the lives of the Pilgrims
-and developing this beautiful park is due Mrs.
-William H. Forbes of Milton whose father, Ralph
-Waldo Emerson, married Miss Lidian Jackson,
-daughter of Charles Jackson, in the old Winslow
-House shown on another page. This park is
-reached from both Water Street and Main Street
-Extension.</p>
-<p>The points of greatest historical interest are so
-closely related in regard to location that to attempt
-to prescribe a definite route would be extremely
-difficult.</p>
-<p>The most important points of interest are within
-easy walking distance. As a suggestion, however,
-one might follow Water Street from Brewster
-Gardens north and find the historic Rock within a
-two minutes&rsquo; walk.</p>
-<p>During the Tercentenary celebration many
-changes were made in this section. The old
-wharves and buildings that had characterized this
-spot for generations, are gone and the immediate
-surroundings have been converted into a state
-reservation. It is a ground made sacred to the
-memory of the Pilgrims as is evidenced by the
-many memorials and markers in the vicinity, gifts
-of the various historical societies throughout the
-country.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_37">37</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig17">
-<img src="images/p15.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="421" />
-<p class="pcap">PERISTYLE OVER PLYMOUTH ROCK</p>
-</div>
-<h2 id="c10"><span class="small">PLYMOUTH ROCK</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p15a.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="82" height="101" />
-</div>
-<p>The magnificent peristyle shown here was
-designed by the architects McKim, Mead
-&amp; White and was a gift of the National
-Society of the Colonial Dames of America on the
-300th anniversary of the Landing of the Pilgrims.</p>
-<p>It encloses the historic &ldquo;Rock&rdquo; on which the
-Pilgrims first set foot. The foundation wall is open
-on the water side allowing the free wash of the
-flood tides around the rock as it lies in its original
-bed.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_38">38</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig18">
-<img src="images/p16.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="484" />
-<p class="pcap">PLYMOUTH ROCK&mdash;A NATIONAL SHRINE</p>
-</div>
-<p>Plymouth Rock, emblematic and suggestive of
-the Pilgrim associations has been viewed by countless
-thousands of people, not only from our own
-states, but the world over. It has been photographed,
-painted, and reproduced in bronze. On
-this rock the Pilgrims first stepped foot, December
-21st, 1620. To those who may be prone to scepticism
-it can be stated that its interesting history has been
-handed down from generation to generation from
-Elder Thomas Faunce, who was born in Plymouth
-in 1647, and who died in 1746, aged 99 years. A few
-years before his death, at a time when removal or
-covering up of the rock was under contemplation,
-<span class="pb" id="Page_39">39</span>
-he made vigorous protest at what he termed the
-desecration of an object of deep veneration, stating
-that his father, John Faunce, who came over in the
-Ann in 1623, had told him that it was on that rock
-that the forefathers landed, as stated by them to
-him.</p>
-<p>It is further possible that an early age some of
-the eldest of the Mayflower passengers may have
-imparted this information to Elder Faunce directly.
-During the war of the Revolution, an attempt was
-made to remove the rock to Town Square, there to
-be viewed as an emblem of liberty, civic and religious.
-In the operation of lifting, the upper portion
-split away, leaving the base in its original bed.
-This top portion was, however, transferred to the
-square, where it remained until 1834, when it was
-taken to Pilgrim Hall and placed within an iron
-fence at the left of the entrance. In 1880 it was
-moved back and cemented to its original base.</p>
-<p>In the vicinity where the Rock now rests there
-were once many wharves and industrial enterprises.
-Plymouth was then an active and busy
-seaport but all this was changed when the Commonwealth
-of Massachusetts bought this land in
-1920 and made it into a reservation.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_40">40</div>
-<p>The memorial pictured below, standing close to
-the Rock and Peristyle, is symbolic of the part
-played by the women of the Plymouth Colony in
-shaping the destinies of this,
-the first permanent settlement.
-Their courage and
-fortitude fill a glorious page
-in the annals of American
-colonization.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig19">
-<img src="images/p17.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="529" />
-<p class="pcap">MEMORIAL FOUNTAIN
-<br />By C. T. Jennewein</p>
-<p class="pcapc">&ldquo;Erected by the National Society Daughters of
-the American Revolution in Memory of the
-Heroic Women of the Mayflower 1620-1920.&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-<h2 id="c11"><span class="small">COLE&rsquo;S HILL</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p17a.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="83" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>Rising directly back of the landing place is
-Cole&rsquo;s Hill, named after James Cole who
-settled here in 1633 and who died in Plymouth
-in 1692. Here lie those who died the first
-fateful winter. The hardships of the voyage and
-the lack of proper accommodations after the
-<span class="pb" id="Page_41">41</span>
-landing developed much sickness, which made
-frightful inroads on the little colony, their number
-being reduced one-half during the first few months,
-and those remaining being &ldquo;scarce able to bury
-the dead.&rdquo;</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig20">
-<img src="images/p17b.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="740" />
-<p class="pcap">SARCOPHAGUS&mdash;COLE&rsquo;S HILL</p>
-</div>
-<p>They were reduced so fast and to such an extent
-that it was deemed wise to conceal the graves, so
-they planted corn that Indians might remain in
-ignorance of their great losses. At various times
-<span class="pb" id="Page_42">42</span>
-in the process of excavating, human remains have
-been uncovered. These were carefully re-interred
-and a granite slab bearing an appropriate inscription
-now marks the spot and conveys to the visitor
-a mute attest to the sacrifices of those who contributed
-their part in shaping the destinies of our
-country.</p>
-<p>Remains that were found during excavations for
-a water main on Carver Street in 1855 were, upon
-their identification as those of the Caucasian race
-as distinguished from the native Indians, placed in
-a vault on Burial Hill. Later, upon completion of
-the canopy over Plymouth Rock in 1867, they were
-placed in a receptacle in the top of that memorial.
-They now repose in the Sarcophagus erected under
-the direction and at the expense of the General
-Society of Mayflower Descendants.</p>
-<p>During the Revolutionary War and the War of
-1812 batteries were implanted on the brow of the
-hill to protect the town from approach by water.</p>
-<p>A memorial seat on Cole&rsquo;s Hill was erected in
-1917 by the descendants and to the memory of
-James Cole, born in London, England, 1600. Died
-Plymouth, 1692. First settled on Cole&rsquo;s Hill, 1633.
-A soldier in Pequot War, 1637.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_43">43</div>
-<p>Occupying a
-commanding
-position on Cole&rsquo;s
-Hill is the statue
-of Massasoit,
-chief of the
-Wampanoags
-and friend of the
-colonists.</p>
-<p>It was done in
-bronze by Cyrus
-Dallin and is
-mounted upon a
-native boulder
-with a tablet
-bearing the following
-inscription:</p>
-<p class="center">Massasoit
-<br />Great Sachem
-<br />of the
-<br />Wampanoags
-<br />Protector and
-<br />Preserver of the
-<br />Pilgrims
-<br />1621
-<br />Erected by the
-<br />International
-<br />Order of Red
-<br />Men as a
-<br />Grateful Tribute
-<br />1921</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig21">
-<img src="images/p18.jpg" alt="" width="307" height="700" />
-<p class="pcap">MASSASOIT
-<br />&ldquo;Friend of the Pilgrims&rdquo;</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_44">44</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig22">
-<img src="images/p19.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="529" />
-<p class="pcap">THE EDWARD WINSLOW HOUSE</p>
-</div>
-<p>Winslow Street curves north from lower North
-Street and enters Water Street a short distance
-beyond. At the apex of the curve stands the house
-built in 1754 by Edward Winslow, great-grandson
-of Gov. Edward Winslow of the Plymouth Colony.
-The timbers used in its construction were brought
-from England. As shown, the house is an elaboration
-of the house in its original form. The trees in
-front of the house were planted by Edward
-Winslow&rsquo;s daughter in 1760.</p>
-<p>This property has been acquired by the National
-Society of Mayflower Descendants.</p>
-<p>The above picture shows the Winslow House in
-its reconstruction. It was in this house that Ralph
-Waldo Emerson married Miss Lidian Jackson,
-<span class="pb" id="Page_45">45</span>
-daughter of Charles and Lucy (Cotton) Jackson
-who, at the time, occupied the house. It was later
-the residence of Rev. George Ware Briggs, long
-identified with the First Church in Plymouth.</p>
-<p>Passing up North Street, shaded by its arch of
-lindens, we come to the house of Gen. John
-Winslow, built in 1730. This building stands at
-the corner of Main and North Streets and is now a
-business block. It was upon Gen. Winslow, who
-was a brother of Edward Winslow, that fell the
-unpleasant burden of removing the neutral Arcadians
-from Nova Scotia. This historic building
-was later the home of James Warren, President
-of the Provincial Congress, who married Mercy
-Otis, sister of James Otis, the brilliant champion
-of American rights.</p>
-<p>We are now in Shirley Square, the town&rsquo;s
-business center.</p>
-<p>It may be observed that North Street and Leyden
-Street run parallel toward the water, Carver Street
-following the curve on Cole&rsquo;s Hill connecting with
-both streets at the north and south sides of the
-hill. Middle Street, starting at Main, runs between
-North and Leyden Streets and ends at the hill.</p>
-<p>To those who have not visited Plymouth in
-recent years, the transition of Court and North
-Streets from their quiet residential charm, to
-avenues of commercial enterprise, will be noticeable.
-It is the inevitable contribution to expansion
-and progress.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_46">46</div>
-<p>Let us turn right here and proceed north on
-Court Street. A few steps takes us to the Plymouth
-County Court House and the Registry of Deeds.</p>
-<p>The Plymouth County Court House stands
-between North and South Russell Streets with its
-wide expanse of lawn extending to Court Street.
-From here one looks down Brewster Street to the
-harbor. On the northerly corner of Brewster and
-Court Streets is the Methodist Church. On the
-southerly corner, the home of the Old Colony Club.</p>
-<p>The Court House was erected in 1820 and was
-remodeled in 1857. It contains, beside the court
-rooms, accommodations for the various county
-offices.</p>
-<p>During recent years the houses on the south side
-of South Russell Street running westerly from
-School Street have been removed and Burial Hill
-has been extended to the corner. This change
-brings the historic hill into view across the Court
-House lawn as one approaches from the north.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_47">47</div>
-<h2 id="c12"><span class="small">THE REGISTRY OF DEEDS</span></h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p20.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="83" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>On North Russell Street stands the Registry
-of Deeds, a fireproof building erected in
-1904. To the antiquarian and those interested
-in historical data, this building would rank
-next to Pilgrim Hall, if not first in importance. It
-contains papers of unusual interest, including
-many signed by Pilgrim hands, as well as those
-bearing the identifying signs or marks of the native
-Indians.</p>
-<p>There are deeds in the native language, Gov.
-Bradford&rsquo;s order for trial by jury, various laws
-pertaining to the guidance of the colony and of
-the division of land, including a plan of the laying
-out of the first street (now Leyden Street).</p>
-<p>The second patent, dated 1629, granted by the
-Earl of Warwick, may be seen in the original box
-in which it came from England.</p>
-<p>The distribution of milk from the cows imported
-from England is even provided for. This was a
-matter of much concern as the supply was short
-and the demand great, to which these papers bear
-attest. The Registry of Probate occupies the
-second floor of the building.</p>
-<p>Continuing along Court Street to Chilton Street
-we come to Pilgrim Hall, stopping at the Tabitha
-Plasket House on the way.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_48">48</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig23">
-<img src="images/p21.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="535" />
-<p class="pcap">TABITHA PLASKET HOUSE</p>
-</div>
-<p>This house, pictured above, was built in 1722 by
-Consider Howland, great-grandson of John Howland,
-who came in the Mayflower. A considerable
-part of the original structure still remains. It was
-occupied for some years by Tabitha Plasket, said
-to have been the first woman school teacher, and
-a person of strong personality and rigorous
-discipline. It is recorded that she hung unruly
-scholars to the wall by placing a skein of yarn
-under the arms as a corrective measure. The
-house is located on the east side of Court Street,
-between the Court House and Pilgrim Hall.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_49">49</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig24">
-<img src="images/p21a.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="643" />
-<p class="pcap">PILGRIM HALL</p>
-</div>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p21b.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="84" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>One is awakened to the realism of the early
-life of the Colony with a visit to Pilgrim
-Hall, that shrine of all lovers of Pilgrim
-history, where repose many articles brought over
-in the Mayflower and closely associated with the
-daily life of the Pilgrims.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_50">50</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig25">
-<img src="images/p22.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="479" />
-<p class="pcap">INTERIOR VIEW OF PILGRIM HALL MUSEUM</p>
-</div>
-<p>This building on the easterly side of Court
-Street, a short distance north of the Court House,
-was erected by the Pilgrim Society in 1824 in
-memory of the Pilgrims and as a depository for
-historical relics; In 1880 material improvements
-were made in the original structure, largely
-through the generosity of the late Joseph Henry
-Stickney of Baltimore who had always taken an
-intense interest in matters concerning the early
-colony. At the time, the top portion of Plymouth
-Rock, which had for 46 years been resting at one
-side of the entrance to the hall, the latter part of
-the time enclosed by an iron fence, was moved back
-to its original bed and placed on the base where it
-<span class="pb" id="Page_51">51</span>
-has since remained. Later in 1911-12 the Pilgrim
-Society spent approximately $15,000 in completing
-the work already inaugurated by Mr. Stickney,
-making the building practically fireproof with
-its steel beams, terra cotta and cement tiles,
-marble floors, etc. Its Doric portico is impressive
-in its dignity and will be easily recognized as one
-approaches from either direction.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig26">
-<img src="images/p22a.jpg" alt="" width="401" height="499" />
-<p class="pcap">MAYFLOWER FOUNTAIN</p>
-<p class="pcapc">Located in garden in rear of
-Pilgrim Hall. Gift of the General
-Society Daughters of the
-Revolution</p>
-</div>
-<h3 id="c13">AN HISTORICAL COLLECTION</h3>
-<p>The following are only a few of the interesting
-treasures within the hall:</p>
-<p>Picture of the &ldquo;Landing,&rdquo; in vestibule of Hall.
-Given by R. G. Shaw of Boston.</p>
-<p>Picture of the &ldquo;Landing,&rdquo; 13 x 16 feet, by Henry
-Sargent of Boston and presented by him in 1834.
-On east wall of hall.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_52">52</div>
-<p>Copy of Weir&rsquo;s Embarkation from Delft Haven.
-Painted by Edgar Parker. South wall of hall.</p>
-<p>Departure from Delft Haven, by Charles Lucy.
-Presented by Alexander H. Rice, former governor
-of Massachusetts. This picture won first prize of
-one thousand guineas at an exhibition in England.
-Of great value. West wall.</p>
-<p>Original of Weir&rsquo;s Embarkation of the Pilgrims
-from Delft Haven. Purchased by the Society in
-1914 (Weir&rsquo;s picture in the rotunda of the Capitol
-at Washington is an enlargement from this study).</p>
-<p>W. F. Halsall&rsquo;s fine painting of the Mayflower in
-Plymouth Harbor hangs on the north wall inclosed
-by portraits of the Winslow family.</p>
-<p>Many engravings of historic interest, including
-the Signing of the Compact.</p>
-<p>Patent of the Plymouth Colony. This is the
-oldest state document in New England. It bears
-the date of June 1, 1621, was granted to John Peirce
-and came over in the ship Fortune in November,
-1621. It shows the seals and signatures of the Duke
-of Lenox, the Marquis of Hamilton, the Earl of
-Warwick, Lord Sheffield and Sir Fernando Gorges.
-Several parts of this ancient document have broken
-away, including the seal of Hamilton and the seal
-and signature of John Peirce, the party of the
-second part thereto. This charter includes the
-territory in and around Cape Cod Bay, outside that
-allotted in the first charter which had covered the
-<span class="pb" id="Page_53">53</span>
-territory to the south in the neighborhood of the
-Virginia Capes. This second charter was granted
-by the Council for New England, which had been
-created by royal authority after the departure of
-the Pilgrims from Plymouth, England.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig27">
-<img src="images/p23.jpg" alt="" width="467" height="701" />
-<p class="pcap">GOV. CARVER&rsquo;S CHAIR IN PILGRIM HALL MUSEUM</p>
-</div>
-<p>Bible of Governor William Bradford printed in
-Geneva in 1592.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_54">54</div>
-<p>Chairs of Elder Brewster, Gov. Carver and Gov.
-Winslow.</p>
-<p>Carved back of pew taken from parish church at
-Scrooby, Eng.</p>
-<p>The famous sword of Captain Myles Standish
-dating back several centuries before the Christian
-era; captured from the Persians by the Saracens in
-637 at Jerusalem and bearing the inscription in
-Arabic, &ldquo;With peace God ruled His slaves (creatures)
-and with the judgment of his arm He
-troubled the mighty of the wicked.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>Portraits of Dr. James Tucker, first secretary of
-the Pilgrim Society; Joseph Henry Stickney,
-generous contributor to the Society, hanging over
-bronze tablet; George Washington; Edward
-Everett; Edward Winslow, Governor of Plymouth
-Colony in 1633-36-44; Josiah Winslow, son of
-Edward Winslow, Governor, 1673-1680; Penelope
-Winslow, wife of Governor Josiah; Gen. John
-Winslow (great grandson of Edward); Dr. Isaac
-Winslow. These portraits are grouped about the
-picture of the Mayflower (by Halsall), hanging on
-the north wall of the hall.</p>
-<p>Portrait of the Hon. Daniel Webster.</p>
-<p>Original manuscript, including Miss Felicia
-Heman&rsquo;s &ldquo;The Breaking Waves Dashed High.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>In the fireproof annex, which holds the library,
-are over three thousand volumes of great value,
-dating back as far as 1559.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_55">55</div>
-<p>There is a basement in which are stored relics of
-a somewhat later period. In fact, the building is
-so filled with interesting reminders of the early
-Colonial days that it would be useless to enumerate
-them here. There is a complete catalogue obtainable
-at the hall which will be a great aid to the
-visitor as each article is described in detail. The
-Hall is open daily to visitors. Admission twenty-five
-cents.</p>
-<h3 id="c14">THE PILGRIM SOCIETY</h3>
-<p>The Pilgrim Society held its first meeting after
-incorporation in the Court House in Plymouth on
-May 18th, 1820, and elected Mr. Joshua Thomas
-its first president. It was the result of a previous
-meeting of Plymouth gentlemen at the home of
-Mr. Thomas, who were inspired with a desire to
-perpetuate the memory of the first settlers.</p>
-<p>Four years later the original home of the society
-was erected upon its present location and upon
-plans of Alexander Parris, architect of the Boston
-Cathedral of St. Paul. This building as before
-stated was remodeled in 1880 and the wing which
-now houses the library and other Pilgrimiana was
-added in 1904. The present granite facade was a
-gift of the New England Society in New York
-in 1922.</p>
-<p>Across the street from Pilgrim Hall and a little
-to the north is the Armory previously referred to,
-<span class="pb" id="Page_56">56</span>
-while a few steps beyond is St. Peter&rsquo;s Catholic
-Church. At this point on the east side of Court
-Street is the Plymouth Memorial Building, also
-previously described. This building stands on the
-lot formerly occupied by the colonial residence
-built in 1809 by Major William Hammett and later
-and for many years occupied by Mr. Thomas Hedge
-and family. When the erection of the Memorial
-Building was decided upon, this house was moved
-back and now faces Water Street and the harbor.
-It is reminiscent of the early 19th century and is
-maintained and kept open to visitors during the
-summer by the Plymouth Antiquarian Society.</p>
-<h3 id="c15">WATSON&rsquo;S HILL</h3>
-<p>Market Street, which parallels Main Street
-Extension, runs from Town Square southward,
-converging with Sandwich and Pleasant Streets at
-its base. Beyond and to the right is Watson&rsquo;s Hill
-from which place Massasoit and his braves
-approached the settlement, crossing the brook at
-the ford below on their way to the Common House
-where the famous treaty was consummated. An
-excellent view of the town is to be had from this
-elevation, originally a corn field and for generations
-a section of attractive homes.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_57">57</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig28">
-<img src="images/p24.jpg" alt="" width="600" height="396" />
-<p class="pcap">OLD DOORWAYS ON SUMMER STREET</p>
-</div>
-<h3 id="c16">SUMMER STREET AND MORTON PARK</h3>
-<p>Summer street leads westerly from Market
-Street, being one of the first streets laid out. Here
-may be seen two of the oldest houses in Plymouth,
-viz.: the Richard Sparrow House on the left of the
-street and a short distance from Market Street and
-the Leach House a few steps beyond at the Corner
-of Spring Street, once known as Spring Lane. This
-house was built by George Bonum in 1679.</p>
-<p>The Sparrow House is presumed to have been
-built by Richard Sparrow in 1640. If so, it is the
-oldest house in Plymouth. Inside it is distinctive
-of the early 17th century era with its great fireplace
-and its brick oven.</p>
-<p class="revint"><span class="sc">Note:</span> Spring Street has been referred to as Spring Lane
-and Baptist Hill, the latter designation derived from
-the fact that a Baptist chapel occupied a lot for many
-years on the west side a few steps from Summer Street.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_58">58</div>
-<p>This house is now used as craftsman&rsquo;s shop by
-the Plymouth Potters, and is open to visitors.</p>
-<p>Plymouth Pottery is unique in that it is made
-up of local red-firing clay by former pupils of a
-State Vocational Project&mdash;now organized into a
-co-operative guild.</p>
-<p>Many pieces have an early American flavor and
-the hand-ground glazes give interesting and
-unusual effects. Many persons have called these
-pieces &ldquo;heirlooms of the future.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>Summer Street follows the brook along which
-were many manufacturing concerns a short generation
-ago. It leads to the wooded area of the
-town past Oak Grove and Pine Hills Cemeteries
-to Morton Park, a woodland sanctuary of nearly
-340 acres situated about a mile from the town&rsquo;s
-center. This land was given to the town by a
-group of Plymouth citizens in 1889, headed by Mr.
-Nathaniel Morton, who was himself a generous
-contributor.</p>
-<p>The Park includes two lakes of sparkling fresh
-water, Little Pond which covers approximately
-40 acres and where accommodations are provided
-for picnics and bathing, and Billington Sea,
-covering an area of over three hundred acres.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_59">59</div>
-<div class="img" id="fig29">
-<img src="images/p25.jpg" alt="" width="800" height="604" />
-<p class="pcap">THE HOWLAND HOUSE&mdash;Built in 1666&mdash;Restored 1941
-<br />The only house in Plymouth where Pilgrims once lived</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_60">60</div>
-<h3 id="c17">THE TRAINING GREEN</h3>
-<p>Lying just below Watson&rsquo;s Hill between Pleasant
-Street on the west and Sandwich Street on the
-east, is an open square known as Training Green,
-from the fact that in the earlier days companies of
-militia were trained there in the manual of arms.
-In the center stands the Soldiers&rsquo; Monument,
-erected in 1869 to the memory of Plymouth men
-who served in the army and navy and who gave
-their lives during the Civil War. This tract of
-land was used before the arrival of the Pilgrims
-by the Indians for growing corn. It has contributed
-its share of arrow heads and other Indian relics,
-as have the other hills and fields in the immediate
-neighborhood.</p>
-<h3 id="c18">SANDWICH STREET, OLD HOUSES</h3>
-<p>Sandwich Street runs southeasterly from the
-foot of Market Street, formerly Spring Hill. Near
-this point on the west side of Sandwich Street,
-near the head of Water Street, is the Howland
-House, built in 1666. It was the home of Jabez
-Howland, son of John Howland of the Mayflower,
-who died in 1672.</p>
-<p>This house is now owned by the Society of
-Howland Descendants which holds annual reunions
-for the purpose of keeping alive the family intercourse
-and the traditions of the early colonial days.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_61">61</div>
-<h3 id="c19">THE HARLOW HOUSE</h3>
-<div class="img" id="fig30">
-<img src="images/p26.jpg" alt="" width="700" height="519" />
-<p class="pcap">HARLOW HOUSE (1677)</p>
-<p class="pcapc">The Harlow House, now a museum of 17th century life, is
-maintained by the Plymouth Antiquarian Society</p>
-</div>
-<p>Just beyond on the west side of Sandwich Street
-(No. 119) is the William Harlow House, built in
-1677.</p>
-<p>A transfer of land on which this house stands is
-in the town records under date of July 29, 1669, as
-follows: &ldquo;att this meeting a quarter of an acre of
-land was granted to William Harlow being a little
-Knowle or smale psell of land lying nere his now
-<span class="pb" id="Page_62">62</span>
-dwelling house on the westerly syde of the Road
-Way To sett a new house upon.&rdquo; (sic) Timbers
-used in the construction of this house were taken
-from the old fort on Burial Hill.</p>
-<p>The Plymouth Antiquarian Society acquired this
-property with the object of preserving a fine
-example of the homes of the early settlement. Here
-may be seen the spinning wheel, the pots and
-kettles and other articles of domestic use necessary
-to the family upkeep three centuries and over ago.</p>
-<p>The Society also maintains the Antiquarian
-House on Water Street, which is preserved as it
-was in early Colonial days and is well worth a visit.</p>
-<h3 id="c20">THE KENDALL HOLMES HOUSE</h3>
-<p>This house was built by William Harlow in 1654
-and later acquired by Kendall Holmes. It is
-located on Winter Street, east of Sandwich Street.
-The house stands as originally built except for the
-ell which was added later. In both furnishings
-and construction it provides a fine example of the
-houses of the early colonial period.</p>
-<p>A short distance beyond is Jabez Corner. Here
-the roads diverge, the road to the right leading to
-Chiltonville, once known as Eel River, an attractive
-community village one and one-half miles distant.</p>
-<p>Straight ahead Warren Avenue follows the shore.
-This is one of Plymouth&rsquo;s most picturesque and
-<span class="pb" id="Page_63">63</span>
-delightful residential sections with its view of
-harbor and bay, and its expanse of unbroken
-terrain as it slopes toward the water, all within
-easy access to the business center.</p>
-<p>One mile to the south is the Plymouth Beach
-Club and a short distance beyond at the point
-where Plymouth Beach extends along the inner
-harbor and Eel River enters the harbor, are the
-splendid facilities for public bathing provided by
-the Town of Plymouth. A half mile beyond, near
-Hotel Pilgrim, is the 18-hole golf course of the
-Plymouth Country Club, one of the finest in the
-country.</p>
-<p>Here the roads diverge again. The road to the
-left follows the shore, although at points high
-above the water, while the road to the right runs
-directly over the Pine Hills.</p>
-<p>These hills were included in the early division
-of land designated as the &ldquo;Great Lots&rdquo; in 1711-12,
-and later transferred by deed at various times and
-to various ownerships. At points they reach an
-altitude of 400 feet above sea level. The roads
-running nearly parallel, meet at the point three
-miles south where the Manomet church stands at
-the southeast corner of the intersection.</p>
-<p>One-half mile to the east is White Horse Beach
-which, during the past few years, has developed
-into a large summer colony. The beach between
-White Horse and Manomet Point affords excellent
-<span class="pb" id="Page_64">64</span>
-bathing, and boats with tackle for sea fishing are
-readily obtainable.</p>
-<p>Nearby to the south is Hotel Mayflower, and
-at the &ldquo;Point&rdquo; below, the Manomet Coast Guard
-Station. Manomet Village lies to the west, and on
-the bluff overlooking the bay is Hotel Idlewild
-(formerly the Barstow House).</p>
-<p>Southward stretch wide acres of fields and
-meadows, hills and vales dotted here and there by
-farms and gardens, a variation of landscape that
-is typical of New England. Hundreds of acres
-devoted to cranberry culture may be seen from the
-highway, an indication of the high state of development
-this industry has reached.</p>
-<p>From many points of vantage along the entire
-shore, coastwise traffic via the Cape Cod Canal
-may be seen heading north and south.</p>
-<p>The Town of Plymouth is fortunate in having
-this wide expanse of adaptable terrain within its
-confines. The entire area with its scenic beauty,
-its woods, its lakes, its bay, its beaches, its rocks,
-its foliage and flowers, is a natural heritage, which,
-combined with man&rsquo;s handiwork, is becoming
-more and more inviting, not only as a haven of rest
-and recreation, but as the ideal American homesite.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_65">65</div>
-<h2 id="c21"><span class="small">THE MAYFLOWER PASSENGERS</span></h2>
-<p class="center">Prepared by George Ernest Bowman
-<br />Editor of &ldquo;The Mayflower Descendant&rdquo;</p>
-<p>There were only one hundred and four (104)
-Mayflower Passengers. Every one of them is
-included in the two lists following. There were
-no other passengers.</p>
-<p>The 50 passengers from whom descent can be
-proved:</p>
-<dl class="undent"><dt>John Alden</dt>
-<dt>Isaac Allerton</dt>
-<dd>wife Mary</dd>
-<dd>daughter Mary</dd>
-<dd>daughter Remember</dd>
-<dt>John Billington</dt>
-<dd>wife Eleanor</dd>
-<dd>son Francis</dd>
-<dt>William Bradford</dt>
-<dt>William Brewster</dt>
-<dd>wife Mary</dd>
-<dd>son Love</dd>
-<dt>Peter Brown</dt>
-<dt>James Chilton</dt>
-<dd>wife &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dd>daughter Mary</dd>
-<dt>Francis Cooke</dt>
-<dd>son John</dd>
-<dt>Edward Doty</dt>
-<dt>Francis Eaton</dt>
-<dd>wife Sarah</dd>
-<dd>son Samuel</dd>
-<dt>Edward Fuller</dt>
-<dd>wife &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dd>son Samuel</dd>
-<dt>Dr. Samuel Fuller</dt>
-<dt>Stephen Hopkins</dt>
-<dd>2nd wife, Elizabeth</dd>
-<dd>son Gyles (by 1st wife)</dd>
-<dd>daughter Constance (by 1st wife)</dd>
-<dt>John Howland</dt>
-<dt>Richard More</dt>
-<dt>William Mullins</dt>
-<dd>wife Alice</dd>
-<dd>daughter Priscilla</dd>
-<dt>Degory Priest</dt>
-<dt>Thomas Rogers</dt>
-<dd>son Joseph</dd>
-<dt>Henry Samson</dt>
-<dt>George Soule</dt>
-<dt>Myles Standish</dt>
-<dt>John Tilley, and wife &mdash;&mdash;</dt>
-<dd>daughter Elizabeth</dd>
-<dt>Richard Warren</dt>
-<dt>William White</dt>
-<dd>wife Susanna</dd>
-<dd>son Resolved</dd>
-<dd>son Peregrine</dd>
-<dt>Edward Winslow</dt></dl>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_66">66</div>
-<p>The 54 passengers from whom descent cannot
-be proved.</p>
-<dl class="undent"><dt>Bartholomew Allerton</dt>
-<dt>John Allerton</dt>
-<dt>John Billington</dt>
-<dt>Dorothy Bradford</dt>
-<dd>(1st wife of William)</dd>
-<dt>Wrestling Brewster</dt>
-<dt>Richard Britterige</dt>
-<dt>William Butten</dt>
-<dt>Robert Carter</dt>
-<dt>John Carver</dt>
-<dt>Katherine Carver</dt>
-<dd>(wife of John)</dd>
-<dt>Maid servant of the Carvers</dt>
-<dt>Richard Clarke</dt>
-<dt>Humility Cooper</dt>
-<dt>John Crakston</dt>
-<dd>son John</dd>
-<dt>&mdash;&mdash; Ely</dt>
-<dt>Thomas English</dt>
-<dt>Moses Fletcher</dt>
-<dt>Richard Gardiner</dt>
-<dt>John Goodman</dt>
-<dt>William Holbeck</dt>
-<dt>John Hooke</dt>
-<dt>Damaris Hopkins</dt>
-<dt>Oceanus Hopkins</dt>
-<dt>John Langmore</dt>
-<dt>William Latham</dt>
-<dt>Edward Leister</dt>
-<dt>Edmund Margeson</dt>
-<dt>Christopher Martin</dt>
-<dd>wife &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dt>Desire Minter</dt>
-<dt>Ellen More</dt>
-<dt>Jasper More</dt>
-<dd>(a boy) More</dd>
-<dt>Joseph Mullins</dt>
-<dt>Solomon Prower</dt>
-<dt>John Rigdale</dt>
-<dd>wife Alice</dd>
-<dt>Rose Standish</dt>
-<dd>(1st wife of Myles)</dd>
-<dt>Elias Story</dt>
-<dt>Edward Thomson</dt>
-<dt>Edward Tilley</dt>
-<dd>wife Ann</dd>
-<dt>Thomas Tinker</dt>
-<dd>wife &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dd>son &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dt>William Trevore</dt>
-<dt>John Turner</dt>
-<dd>son &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dd>son &mdash;&mdash;</dd>
-<dt>Roger Wilder</dt>
-<dt>Thomas Williams</dt>
-<dt>Elizabeth Winslow</dt>
-<dd>(1st wife of Edward)</dd>
-<dt>Gilbert Winslow</dt></dl>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p27.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="85" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>The migration of the Pilgrim company was
-the result of years of friction between the
-adherents of the established Church of
-England with its perfunctory ritualisms and those
-who demanded the right to worship according to
-their conscience and the simplicity of the gospel as
-exemplified in the scriptures.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_67">67</div>
-<p>This determined attitude on the part of the
-dissenters was met by arbitrary rulings on the part
-of the reigning monarch, King James I, of England
-and the bishops who received their support from
-the crown. The oppression became so great that in
-1608 the congregation of the Pilgrim Church at
-Scrooby moved to Amsterdam, Holland, whence
-in 1609 they moved to Leyden, twenty-two miles
-distant. Here they remained for twelve years. It
-was a temporary refuge, however. There was the
-constantly growing fear of assimilation into Dutch
-life and habits as well as the absorption of a
-language foreign to themselves and their posterity.
-They preferred to remain English men and women
-although their relations had been friendly with the
-Dutch who commended their industry and their
-peaceful contacts. Nevertheless, King James was
-beginning to exercise his influence in the low
-countries again much to their discomfiture.</p>
-<p>Finally deciding to leave Leyden, application
-was made to the Virginia Company which had
-been established in 1606, and held patents to land
-along the Atlantic coast of North America from the
-34th to 45th degrees of north latitude, for a patent
-to land suitable for settlement.</p>
-<p>Having secured their patent, estates were liquidated
-and, with the proceeds therefrom, together
-with money subscribed by the London company,
-styled the Merchant Adventurers, with whom they
-had formed a business alliance, the Speedwell, a
-<span class="pb" id="Page_68">68</span>
-small vessel of sixty tons, was secured and sent to
-Delfthaven to transport the colonists to Southampton
-where the Mayflower, a vessel of one hundred
-and eighty tons, was to join them.</p>
-<p>On the 15th of August, 1620, both vessels left
-Southampton, but the Speedwell proving unseaworthy,
-they were obliged to return, putting into
-the harbor of Dartmouth for repairs. A second
-attempt resulted in abandoning the Speedwell at
-Plymouth, from which port the Mayflower sailed
-alone on the 16th of September. After a tempestuous
-voyage of sixty-six days,
-refuge was taken in Cape Cod
-harbor (Provincetown) on
-November 21st, 1620.</p>
-<p>From here exploring parties
-set out in the shallop (small boat)
-to locate a
-suitable home
-site and on
-December
-21st a landing
-was made at
-Plymouth, the
-Mayflower
-following on
-December
-26th. And here a permanent settlement was
-established.</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig31">
-<img src="images/p28.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="559" />
-<p class="pcap">THE DEPARTURE FOR AMERICA</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_69">69</div>
-<p>As the patent they held covered land in the
-vicinity of the Virginia capes, and settlement was
-made outside the limits defined therein, a second
-patent was obtained covering land contiguous to
-Cape Cod Bay. This second patent was brought
-over in the Fortune in 1621 and is now preserved
-in Pilgrim Hall.</p>
-<p>It was while the Mayflower lay in Provincetown
-harbor that, to quote from Mourt&rsquo;s Relation under
-date of November 23rd, 1620, &ldquo;Our people went
-on shore to refresh themselves and our women to
-wash as they had great need.&rdquo; This was on Monday,
-and is supposed to be the origin of our national
-&ldquo;Wash Day.&rdquo;</p>
-<div class="img" id="fig32">
-<img src="images/p28a.jpg" alt="" width="500" height="287" />
-<p class="pcap">SCENE OF LANDING</p>
-</div>
-<p>It was here also that the famous document referred
-to by Bradford as a &ldquo;combination&rdquo; but later
-known as the Compact was drawn and signed.
-This document has often been referred to as the
-genesis of our present form of constitutional government
-as expounded in the Constitution of the
-<span class="pb" id="Page_70">70</span>
-United States and later expressed by Lincoln as
-&ldquo;of the people, by the people and for the people.&rdquo;
-It anticipates future growth and development and
-the enactment of laws necessary to meet changing
-conditions as &ldquo;by vertue hereof to enacte, constitute
-and frame such just &amp; equall lawes, ordinances,
-Acts, constitutions &amp; offices, from time to time, as
-shall be thought most meete &amp; conuenient for ye
-generall good of ye Colonie.&rdquo; (sic)</p>
-<p>It has been said of the Pilgrims that &ldquo;They
-builded better than they knew.&rdquo; This should not
-be interpreted too literally. They laid a solid
-foundation upon which future generations could
-and did build, and upon this foundation rests the
-security of the structure that is our present form
-of government.</p>
-<p>The literal text of this immortal document
-follows:</p>
-<h3 id="c22">THE COMPACT
-<br />(Copied from Bradford&rsquo;s &ldquo;History of Plymouth Plantation&rdquo;)</h3>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p29.jpg" alt="{Illustrated capital}" width="80" height="100" />
-</div>
-<p>In ye name of God Amen. We whose names
-are underwriten, the loyall subjects of our
-dread soueraigne Lord King James, by ye
-grace of God, of Great Britaine, Franc, &amp; Ireland
-king, defender of ye faith, &amp;c. Haueing undertaken,
-for ye glorie of God, and aduancemente
-of ye christian faith and honour of our king &amp;
-<span class="pb" id="Page_71">71</span>
-countrie, a voyage to plant ye first colonie in ye
-Northerne parts of Virginia, doe by these presents
-solemnly &amp; mutualy in ye presence of God, and one
-of another; couenant, &amp; combine our selues togeather
-into a ciuill body politick; for our better
-ordering, &amp; preseruation &amp; furtherance of ye ends
-aforesaid; and by vertue hereof to enacte, constitute,
-and frame such just &amp; equall lawes,
-ordinances, Acts, constitutions, &amp; offices, from
-time to time, as shall be thought most meete &amp;
-conuenient for ye generall good of ye Colonie;
-unto which we promise all due submission and
-obedience. In witness whereof we haue hereunder
-subscribed our names at Cap-Codd ye .11. of
-Nouember in ye year of ye raigne of our soueraigne
-Lord King James of England, France, &amp;
-Ireland ye eighteenth, and of Scotland ye fiftie
-fourth. Ano: Dom. 1620.</p>
-<dl class="undent"><dt>John Carver</dt>
-<dt>William Bradford</dt>
-<dt>Edward Winslow</dt>
-<dt>William Brewster</dt>
-<dt>Isaac Allerton</dt>
-<dt>Myles Standish</dt>
-<dt>John Alden</dt>
-<dt>John Turner</dt>
-<dt>Francis Eaton</dt>
-<dt>James Chilton</dt>
-<dt>John Crakston</dt>
-<dt>John Billington</dt>
-<dt>Moses Fletcher</dt>
-<dt>John Goodman</dt>
-<dt>Samuel Fuller</dt>
-<dt>Christopher Martin</dt>
-<dt>William Mullins</dt>
-<dt>Degory Priest</dt>
-<dt>Thomas Williams</dt>
-<dt>Gilbert Winslow</dt>
-<dt>Edmund Margeson</dt>
-<dt>Peter Brown</dt>
-<dt>Richard Britterige</dt>
-<dt>George Soule</dt>
-<dt>Edward Tilley</dt>
-<dt>John Tilley</dt>
-<dt>Francis Cooke</dt>
-<dt>Thomas Rogers</dt>
-<dt>Thomas Tinker</dt>
-<dt>John Rigdale</dt>
-<dt>Edward Fuller</dt>
-<dt>Richard Clark</dt>
-<dt>Richard Gardiner</dt>
-<dt>John Allerton</dt>
-<dt>William White</dt>
-<dt>Richard Warren</dt>
-<dt>John Howland</dt>
-<dt>Stephen Hopkins</dt>
-<dt>Thomas English</dt>
-<dt>Edward Doty</dt>
-<dt>Edward Leister</dt></dl>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_72">72</div>
-<p>During the first year the colony was reduced
-nearly one-half through exposure and disease.
-These losses were later offset by arrivals in the
-Fortune in 1621 and the Little James in 1623.</p>
-<p>In April, 1621, a treaty was made with Massasoit,
-chief of the Wampanoag Indians, who occupied
-the surrounding territory. This was brought about
-through the good offices of Samoset and Squanto,
-two friendly Indians, the former having learned
-some English from contact with fishermen along
-the coast of Maine whence he had come, while the
-latter had been taken with a number of others by
-a Captain Hunt who had &ldquo;got them under cover of
-trucking with them and carried them away and
-sold them as slaves.&rdquo; He had made his escape
-and returned to his home with the Nausets on
-Cape Cod.</p>
-<p>This treaty was held inviolate during the life of
-Massasoit and thereafter until the outbreak of the
-King Philip War in 1675. Precautionary measures
-were taken however to protect the settlement, and
-in 1622 a fort was erected on Burial Hill. This
-was supplemented by a watch tower in 1643.
-During the King Philip War a larger fort was
-erected on the same site. Fortunately the Plymouth
-colony escaped Indian attack although in 1676
-<span class="pb" id="Page_73">73</span>
-a small community to the south near Eel River
-was attacked and eleven settlers killed.</p>
-<p>It is hard to realize in these days of material
-comforts, not to speak of luxuries, the hardships
-of our forebears. It was a case of work for survival.
-And there must have been work for by December,
-1621, &ldquo;seven dwelling houses and four for the use
-of the plantation&rdquo; had been erected. The harvest
-of 1621 had been successful and a season of
-Thanksgiving had been observed, wherein some
-of the friendly Indians had participated, this being
-the origin of our present Thanksgiving Day.</p>
-<p>Nevertheless their existence was fraught with
-uncertainties. Their stocks of provisions were soon
-depleted and the problem of food supply became
-one of increasing concern. The very life of the
-colony depended upon the success of their crops.
-Corn had become increasingly valuable, not only
-as an article of food but as a medium of exchange,
-the colonists having little or no money.</p>
-<p>Up to 1623 they worked together on company
-land, sharing the fruits of their combined labor.
-This year owing to the shortage of crops &ldquo;they
-begane to think how they might raise as much
-corne as they could and abtaine a better crope than
-they had done that they might not still thus
-languish in miserie.&rdquo;</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_74">74</div>
-<h3 id="c23">LAND DIVIDED</h3>
-<p>And so &ldquo;to every family was assigned a parcell
-of land according to the proportion of their number
-for that end (but made no provision for inheritance)
-and ranged all boys &amp; youths under some
-family. This had very good success for it made all
-hands industrious, so as much more corne was
-planted then other waise would have bene by any
-means the Governor or any other could use.&rdquo;</p>
-<p>This was followed the next season by a division
-of land wherein &ldquo;to every person was given only
-one acre, to them and theirs, as near the towne as
-might be, and they had no more till the seven years
-were expired.&rdquo;</p>
-<p class="revint"><span class="sc">Note:</span> This was in accordance, at least in spirit, with
-the imposed provisions of their contract with the
-English company of Merchant Adventurers who had
-financed their expedition.</p>
-<p>A further division of land, following a division
-of livestock, was made in 1627, wherein &ldquo;every
-person or share should have 20 acres of land
-divided unto them, besides the single acres they
-had already.&rdquo; (sic).</p>
-<p><span class="lr">&mdash;Quotations from Bradford&rsquo;s History of Plymouth Plantation</span></p>
-<h3 id="c24">THEY CARRY ON</h3>
-<p>Fortified by faith and grim determination the
-colonists carried on in the face of great adversity,
-yet getting more and more firmly established.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_75">75</div>
-<p>In 1636, owing to the growth of the original
-colony or plantation and the establishment of
-separate settlements at Scituate and Duxbury, the
-purely democratic rule which had obtained under
-the Mayflower Compact, wherein matters pertaining
-to the interests of the colony were settled
-in general assembly, was superseded by a law
-passed providing for government by deputies
-representing the several towns.</p>
-<p>The first legislative body met in 1639 and brought
-together representatives from the outlying towns
-of Sandwich, Barnstable, Yarmouth, Taunton,
-Scituate, Duxbury and Plymouth.</p>
-<p>In 1643, for mutual interests and against the
-menace of Indian attack, a confederation was
-formed between the Plymouth and Massachusetts
-colonies in combination with Connecticut and New
-Haven as separate units, with authority vested in
-commissioners.</p>
-<p>This remained in force until 1672 when a new
-compact was made upon the union of Connecticut
-and New Haven, which gave less authority to the
-commissioners.</p>
-<p>In 1686 Sir Edmund Andros was sent by King
-James to rule over the Dominion of New England,
-to which in 1688 New York and New Jersey were
-added, the seat of government remaining in
-Boston.</p>
-<p>Conditions under Andros with his autocratic
-assumptions and restrictions were not pleasant.
-<span class="pb" id="Page_76">76</span>
-It is interesting to note in this connection that
-Clark&rsquo;s Island which had for some time been used
-for the support of the poor, was turned over by
-Andros to one of his followers who had been
-attracted by its natural beauties.</p>
-<p>The ascension of William III to the throne of
-England in 1689 had much to do with shaping the
-destinies of the colonists. The regime of Andros
-continued until word was received that the landing
-of William, Prince of Orange, in England threatened
-the overthrow of the Stuart dynasty when
-the citizens of Boston revolted, took possession of
-a British ship in the harbor and overthrew the
-crown&rsquo;s despotic representative. Plymouth again
-acquired Clark&rsquo;s Island and later the proclamation
-of William and Mary established once more the
-freedom the colonists had previously enjoyed.</p>
-<p>In 1692 came the union of the Massachusetts Bay
-and Plymouth colonies. Sir William Phipps was
-appointed by the crown chief magistrate over the
-Massachusetts Colony with which the Plymouth
-Colony was united under one royal charter.</p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_77">77</div>
-<div class="box">
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p30.jpg" alt="A&amp;P" width="243" height="250" />
-</div>
-<hr class="dwide" />
-<p class="center"><span class="large"><b>The Light Refreshment</b></span></p>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p30a.jpg" alt="Pepsi-Cola" width="109" height="117" />
-</div>
-<p class="center"><span class="ss">Pepsi-Cola Bottling Co., Inc. of Plymouth</span>
-<br /><span class="smaller">124 Sandwich St.</span> <span class="hst"><span class="smaller">Plymouth, Mass.</span></span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_78">78</div>
-<div class="box">
-<p class="center"><span class="ss">PLYMOUTH ROPE, THE NATION&rsquo;S SERVANT</span></p>
-<p>Plymouth ropes have helped to write exciting chapters in
-American history.</p>
-<p>Beginning in 1824, they have sailed the seven seas aboard
-packet and whalers, the China clippers and war privateers.
-Today they go aboard majestic ocean liners and modern
-battle ships. They&rsquo;re even on the atomic powered submarines.</p>
-<p>The products of Plymouth Cordage Company are intertwined
-in many other phases of the American economy ...
-in agriculture and fishing, in the construction, manufacturing,
-aircraft and petroleum industries, the public utilities
-and numerous other fields.</p>
-<p>There&rsquo;s a Plymouth rope serving the nation every minute
-of every day.</p>
-<p class="center">PLYMOUTH CORDAGE COMPANY
-<br /><span class="jr">Plymouth, Massachusetts</span>
-<br /><span class="jr">Established 1824</span></p>
-<hr class="dwide" />
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p31.jpg" alt="{uncaptioned}" width="108" height="264" />
-</div>
-<p class="center"><span class="larger"><b>Myles Standish Restaurant</b></span>
-<br />&#149;
-<br /><i>Catering to Parties</i>
-<br />&#149;
-<br /><span class="small">OPEN 10 A.M. to 10 P.M.</span>
-<br />&#149;
-<br /><i>Home Cooked Foods</i>
-<br />&#149;
-<br /><span class="small">HALL&rsquo;S CORNER</span>
-<br />Telephone Duxbury 800</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_79">79</div>
-<div class="box">
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p31a.jpg" alt="FIRST NATIONAL Stores" width="330" height="183" />
-</div>
-<hr class="dwide" />
-<p class="center"><span class="large"><b>A PILGRIM DISCOVERY</b></span></p>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p31b.jpg" alt="{uncaptioned}" width="196" height="165" />
-</div>
-<p>Cranberries, growing wild on Cape Cod, were made into
-cranberry sauce by an unknown Pilgrim housewife. The
-Indians ate their cranberries raw, but the Pilgrim ladies
-stewed them with sugar as they did other fruits ... thus,
-cranberry sauce!</p>
-<p>Ocean Spray still follows this
-original, simple recipe in the
-preparation of famous Ocean
-Spray Cranberry Sauce.
-Ocean Spray Cranberry products:
-Jellied Sauce, Whole
-Sauce, Cranberry Juice Cocktail
-and Dietetic Cranberry
-as well as Fresh Cranberries
-in season make it possible to
-enjoy the flavor of cranberries
-all year &rsquo;round.</p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_80">80</div>
-<div class="box">
-<div class="img" id="fig33">
-<img src="images/p32.jpg" alt="" width="320" height="194" />
-<p class="pcap">OUR HOME SINCE JULY, 1952</p>
-</div>
-<p class="center"><span class="smaller">Main Building 1803</span> <span class="hst"><span class="smaller">Addition and Renovation 1952</span></span>
-<br /><i>Organized 1882&mdash;Federalized 1937</i></p>
-<p>For 75 years this financial institution has
-contributed to the community welfare of Plymouth
-and vicinity. It has encouraged ... and
-made possible, home ownership for many. It has
-extended a financial helping hand to broaden the
-cultural, educational and social horizons of its
-citizens. It is aiding many to acquire security and
-independence through systematic saving. We welcome
-long term investment funds seeking sound
-placement at better than average yield.</p>
-<p class="center">Each account insured up to $10,000</p>
-<p class="center"><span class="larger"><b><span class="sc">Plymouth Federal Savings</span>
-<br />and Loan Association</b></span>
-<br /><b><span class="smaller">COURT AND RUSSELL STREETS</span></b>
-<br /><span class="ss">PLYMOUTH, MASSACHUSETTS</span></p>
-</div>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_81">81</div>
-<h2 id="c25"><span class="small"><i>Enjoy</i> <span class="ss">THIS TRIP ON A</span> <i><span class="u">Real</span> Train</i></span>
-<br />EDAVILLE RAILROAD</h2>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p32a.jpg" alt="{map}" width="712" height="1000" />
-</div>
-<dl class="undent pcap"><dt>A PHOTOGRAPHERS PARADISE</dt>
-<dt>SANTA&rsquo;S WORKSHOP</dt>
-<dt>MT. URAH</dt>
-<dt>STEEPEST GRADE</dt>
-<dt>PARKING AREA</dt>
-<dt>PARKING AREA FOR THOUSANDS OF CARS</dt>
-<dt>CRANBERRY JUNCTION</dt>
-<dt>PARKING AREA</dt>
-<dt>CRANBERRY BOG</dt>
-<dt>BERRIES ARE SCOOPED AT HARVEST TIME IN SEPTEMBER</dt>
-<dt>PINE WOODS</dt>
-<dt>PEACEDALE A MINIATURE NEW ENGLAND VILLAGE</dt>
-<dt>LARGE RESERVOIR NEEDED TO FLOOD CRANBERRY BOGS IN TIME OF FROST</dt>
-<dt>CRANBERRY COVE</dt>
-<dt>PLANTATION CENTER</dt>
-<dt>EDAVILLE FLOAT BOAT</dt>
-<dt>THRILLS THOUSANDS AS IT SKIMS ALONG THE FLOODED BOGS TO STIR UP LOOSE CRANBERRIES</dt>
-<dt>DROPPED BY PICKERS DURING HARVEST TIME. IT&rsquo;S PROPELLED BY AN AIRPLANE ENGINE AND PROPELLER.</dt>
-<dt>SUNSET VISTA</dt>
-<dt>SAVERY AVENUE&mdash;SAID TO BE THE FIRST DIVIDED HIGHWAY IN THE U.S.</dt>
-<dt>ROUTE 58</dt>
-<dt>TO ROUTE 25 AND CAPE COD</dt>
-<dt>TO ROUTE 44 AND PROVIDENCE, R.I.</dt>
-<dt>AND HISTORICAL PLYMOUTH, MASS.</dt>
-<dt>WHISTLE POST TRAIN WHISTLE BLOWS TWICE IN MEMORY OF THE LATE ELLIS D. ATWOOD, FOUNDER OF &ldquo;EDAVILLE R. R.&rdquo;</dt>
-<dt>EDAVILLE GENERAL OFFICES</dt>
-<dt>EDAVILLE STATION AND SNACK BAR</dt>
-<dt>PRIVATE RECEPTION CAR</dt>
-<dt>KIDDIES&rsquo; PLAYGROUND</dt>
-<dt>STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ON DISPLAY</dt>
-<dt>TURN TABLE</dt>
-<dt>WATER TANK</dt>
-<dt>#100 STEAM LOCOMOTIVE ON DISPLAY</dt>
-<dt>ENGINE HOUSE</dt>
-<dt>GIFT SHOP</dt>
-<dt>REPAIR DEPOT</dt>
-<dt>BARBECUE AREA SERVING A DELICIOUS CHICKEN &rsquo;N CRANBERRY BARBECUE</dt>
-<dt>RAILROAD MUSEUM ANTIQUE CARS, GUNS &amp; FIRE EQUIPMENT</dt>
-<dt>FIRE TRUCK RIDES</dt>
-<dt>ICE CREAM &amp; TONIC CONCESSION</dt>
-<dt>BATH HOUSE</dt>
-<dt>SWIMMING POOL</dt>
-<dt>PICNIC AREA</dt>
-<dt>REST ROOMS</dt>
-<dt>RECREATION FIELD (DIFFERENT EVENTS SUCH AS HORSE PULLS ARE PUT ON HERE)</dt>
-<dt>CRANBERRY BOGS ONE OF THE LARGEST INDEPENDENTLY OWNED PLANTATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES</dt>
-<dt>P.S. GREENWOOD</dt>
-<dt>PLYMOUTH, MASS.</dt></dl>
-<p class="center"><span class="ss">SCHEDULE
-<br />TRAINS RUN DAILY
-<br />April 6, 1957 thru Jan. 5, 1958
-<br />(Subject to Change Without Notice)</span></p>
-<p class="center"><i><span class="large"><b>All Main Highways from
-<br />Boston and Cape Cod lead to</b></span></i>
-<br /><span class="ss">EDAVILLE RAILROAD
-<br /><span class="smaller">RT. 58 &#149; SOUTH CARVER &#149; MASS.</span></span></p>
-<div class="pb" id="Page_82">82</div>
-<h2 id="c26"><span class="small">CONTENTS</span></h2>
-<p class="center">Exclusive Detailed Guide Map
-<br />Location and Description of Historic Places Including:</p>
-<ul><li>Plymouth Rock</li>
-<li>Pilgrim Hall</li>
-<li>Howland House</li>
-<li>Antiquarian House</li>
-<li>Burial Hill</li>
-<li>Cole&rsquo;s Hill</li>
-<li>Town Square</li>
-<li>National Monument to the Forefathers</li>
-<li>Old Fort</li>
-<li>Pilgrim Progress</li>
-<li>Pilgrim Maiden</li>
-<li>The Compact</li>
-<li>List of Mayflower Passengers</li>
-<li>Town Square and Churches</li>
-<li>Brief Chronicle of the Pilgrims</li></ul>
-<p>And all else of interest.</p>
-<p class="center">ILLUSTRATED</p>
-<div class="img">
-<img src="images/p40.jpg" alt="Cover image" width="800" height="532" />
-</div>
-<h2>Transcriber&rsquo;s Notes</h2>
-<ul>
-<li>Silently corrected a few typos.</li>
-<li>Retained publication information from the printed edition: this eBook is public-domain in the country of publication.</li>
-<li>In the text versions only, text in <i>italics</i> is delimited by _underscores_.</li>
-</ul>
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-<pre>
-
-
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-
-
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