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diff --git a/.gitattributes b/.gitattributes new file mode 100644 index 0000000..d7b82bc --- /dev/null +++ b/.gitattributes @@ -0,0 +1,4 @@ +*.txt text eol=lf +*.htm text eol=lf +*.html text eol=lf +*.md text eol=lf diff --git a/LICENSE.txt b/LICENSE.txt new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6312041 --- /dev/null +++ b/LICENSE.txt @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +This eBook, including all associated images, markup, improvements, +metadata, and any other content or labor, has been confirmed to be +in the PUBLIC DOMAIN IN THE UNITED STATES. + +Procedures for determining public domain status are described in +the "Copyright How-To" at https://www.gutenberg.org. + +No investigation has been made concerning possible copyrights in +jurisdictions other than the United States. Anyone seeking to utilize +this eBook outside of the United States should confirm copyright +status under the laws that apply to them. diff --git a/README.md b/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..feda79d --- /dev/null +++ b/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +Project Gutenberg (https://www.gutenberg.org) public repository for +eBook #63190 (https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/63190) diff --git a/old/63190-0.txt b/old/63190-0.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 2990d58..0000000 --- a/old/63190-0.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,9195 +0,0 @@ -Project Gutenberg's Proverbs of All Nations, by Walter Keating Kelly - -This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United States and most -other parts of the world at no cost and with almost no restrictions -whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Proverbs of All Nations - Compared, Explained, and Illustrated - -Author: Walter Keating Kelly - -Release Date: September 12, 2020 [EBook #63190] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS *** - - - - -Produced by ellinora, Eleni Christofaki and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - - - - -Transcriber's note. - -A list of the changes made can be found at the end of the book. -Formatting and special characters are indicated as follows: - - _italic_ - =bold= - - - -PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS. - - - - - PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS, - - COMPARED, - - EXPLAINED, AND ILLUSTRATED. - - BY - WALTER K. KELLY. - - "Even the best proverb, though often the expression of the widest - experience in the choicest language, can be thoroughly misapplied. - It cannot embrace the whole of the subject, and apply in all cases - like a mathematical formula. Its wisdom lies in the ear of the - hearer."--FRIENDS IN COUNCIL. - - LONDON: - W. KENT & CO. (LATE D. BOGUE), 86, FLEET STREET, - AND PATERNOSTER ROW. - 1859. - - - - - WINCHESTER: - PRINTED BY HUGH BARCLAY, - HIGH STREET. - - - - -PREFACE. - - -ENGLISH LITERATURE, in most departments the richest in Europe, is yet -the only one in which there has hitherto existed no comprehensive -collection of proverbs adapted to general use. To supply this -deficiency is the object of the present attempt. - -Dean Trench, in the preface to his "Proverbs and their Lessons," -adverts to "the immense number and variety of books bearing on the -subject;" but adds, that among them all he knows not one which -appears to him quite suitable for all readers. "Either," he says, -"they include matter which cannot fitly be placed before all--or they -address themselves to the scholar alone; or, if not so, are at any -rate inaccessible to the mere English reader--or they contain bare -lists of proverbs, with no endeavour to compare, illustrate, or explain -them--or, if they do seek to explain, they yet do it without attempting -to sound the depths or measure the real significance of that which they -attempt to unfold." - -My own experience in this department of literature is entirely in -accordance with these views. I have, therefore, during the preparation -of the following pages, kept constantly before my mind the Dean of -Westminster's precise statement of things to be done, and things to be -avoided. - -British proverbs for the most part form the basis of this collection. -They are arranged according to their import and affinity, and under -each of them are grouped translations of their principal equivalents in -other languages, the originals being generally appended in footnotes. -By this means are formed natural families of proverbs, the several -members of which acquire increased significance from the light they -reflect on each other. At the same time, a source of lively interest -is opened for the reader, who is thus enabled to observe the manifold -diversities of form which the same thought assumes, as expressed in -different times and by many distinct races of men; to trace the unity -in variety which pervades the oldest and most universal monuments of -opinion and sentiment among mankind; and to verify for himself the -truth of Lord Bacon's well-known remark, that "the genius, wit, and -spirit of a nation are discovered in its proverbs." - -Touching as they do upon so wide a range of human concerns, proverbs -are necessarily associated with written literature. Sometimes they are -created by it; much oftener they are woven into its texture. Personal -anecdotes turn upon them in many instances; and not unfrequently they -have figured in national history, or have helped to preserve the memory -of events, manners, usages, and ideas, some of which have left little -other record of their existence. From the wealth of illustration thus -inviting my hand, I have sought to gather whatever might elucidate -and enliven my subject without overlaying it. In this way I hope to -have overcome the general objection alleged by Isaac Disraeli against -collections of proverbs, on the ground of their "unreadableness." It is -true, as he says, that "taking in succession a multitude of insulated -proverbs, their slippery nature resists all hope of retaining one in -a hundred;" but this remark, I venture to believe, does not apply -to the present collection, in which proverbs are not insulated, but -presented in orderly, coherent groups, and accompanied with appropriate -accessories, so as to fit them for being considered with some -continuity of thought. - - - - -CONTENTS. - - - PAGE - - WOMEN, LOVE, MARRIAGE, ETC. 1 - PARENTS AND CHILDREN 26 - YOUTH AND AGE 29 - NATURAL CHARACTER 32 - HOME 36 - PRESENCE, ABSENCE, SOCIAL INTERCOURSE 39 - FRIENDSHIP 42 - CO-OPERATION, RECIPROCITY, SUBORDINATION 47 - LUCK, FORTUNE, MISFORTUNE 51 - FORETHOUGHT, CARE, CAUTION 61 - PATIENCE, FORTITUDE, PERSEVERANCE 66 - INDUSTRY AND IDLENESS 71 - THRIFT 73 - MODERATION, EXCESS 77 - THOROUGHGOING, THE WHOLE HOG 84 - WILL, INCLINATION, DESIRE 89 - CUSTOM, HABIT, USE 96 - SELF-CONCEIT, SPURIOUS PRETENSIONS 101 - SELF-LOVE, SELF-INTEREST, SELF-RELIANCE 104 - SELFISHNESS IN GIVING, SPURIOUS BENEVOLENCE 113 - INGRATITUDE 116 - THE MOTE AND THE BEAM 119 - FAULTS, EXCUSES, UNEASY CONSCIOUSNESS 122 - FALSE APPEARANCES AND PRETENCES, HYPOCRISY, DOUBLE - DEALING, TIME-SERVING 127 - OPPORTUNITY 138 - UNCERTAINTY OF THE FUTURE, HOPE 141 - EXPERIENCE 148 - CHOICE, DILEMMA, COMPARISON 152 - SHIFTS, CONTRIVANCES, STRAINED USES 155 - ADVICE 159 - DETRACTION, CALUMNY, COMMON FAME, GOOD REPUTE 161 - TRUTH, FALSEHOOD, HONESTY 165 - SPEECH, SILENCE 168 - THREATENING, BOASTING 171 - SECRETS 177 - RETRIBUTION, PENAL JUSTICE 182 - WEALTH, POVERTY, PLENTY, WANT 187 - BEGINNING AND END 191 - OFFICE 195 - LAW AND LAWYERS 200 - PHYSIC, PHYSICIANS, MAXIMS RELATING TO HEALTH 203 - CLERGY 208 - SEASONS, WEATHER 211 - NATIONAL AND LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS, LOCAL ALLUSIONS 216 - - - - -PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS. - - -WOMEN, LOVE, MARRIAGE, ETC. - - - =What's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.= - -This is an Englishwoman's proverb. The Italian sisterhood complain -that "In men every mortal sin is venial; in women every venial sin is -mortal."[1] These are almost the only proverbs relating to women in -which justice is done to them, all the rest being manifestly the work -of the unfair sex. - - =If a woman were as little as she is good, - A peascod would make her a gown and a hood.= - -This is Ray's version of an Italian slander.[2] The Germans say, -"Every woman would rather be handsome than good;"[3] and that, -indeed, "There are only two good women in the world: one of them is -dead, and the other is not to be found."[4] The French, in spite of -their pretended gallantry, have the coarseness to declare that "A man -of straw is worth a woman of gold;"[5] and even the Spaniard, who -sometimes speaks words of stately courtesy towards the female sex, -advises you to "Beware of a bad woman, and put no trust in a good -one."[6] - - "The crab of the wood is sauce very good - For the crab of the sea; - But the wood of the crab is sauce for a drab, - That will not her husband obey." - - =A spaniel, a woman, and a walnut tree,= - =The more they're beaten the better they be.= - -There is Latin authority for this barbarous distich.[7] The Italians -say, "Women, asses, and nuts require rough hands."[8] Much wiser is the -Scotch adage,-- - - =Ye may ding the deil into a wife, but ye'll ne'er ding him out - o' her.= - -The French make the rule more general--"Take a woman's first advice, -&c."[9] There is good reason for this if the Italian proverb is -true, "Women are wise offhand, and fools on reflection."[10] They -have less logical minds than men, but surpass them in quickness of -intuition, having, says Dean Trench, "what Montaigne ascribes to -them in a remarkable word, _l'esprit prime-sautier_--the leopard's -spring, which takes its prey, if it be to take it at all, at the first -bound." "Summer-sown corn and women's advice turn out well once in -seven years,"[11] say the Germans; and the Spaniards hold that "A -woman's counsel is no great thing, but he who does not take it is a -fool."[12] In Servia they say, "It is sometimes right even to obey a -sensible wife;" and they tell this story in elucidation of the proverb. -A Herzegovinian once asked a Kadi whether a man ought to obey his -wife, whereupon the Kadi answered that he needed not to do so. The -Herzegovinian then continued, "My wife pressed me this morning to bring -thee a pot of beef suet, so I have done well in not obeying her." Then -said the Kadi, "Verily, it is sometimes right even to obey a sensible -wife." - - =It's nae mair ferlie to see a woman greet than to see a guse gang - barefit.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, it is no more wonder to see a woman cry than to see a goose -go barefoot. "Women laugh when they can, and weep when they will."[13] -This is a French proverb, translated by Ray. Its want of rhyme makes it -probable that it was never naturalised in England. The Italians say, "A -woman complains, a woman's in woe, a woman is sick, when she likes to -be so,"[14] and that "A woman's tears are a fountain of craft."[15] - - =A woman's mind and winter wind change oft.= - -"Women are variable as April weather" (German).[16] "Women, wind, and -fortune soon change" (Spanish).[17] Francis I. of France wrote one day -with a diamond on a window of the château of Chambord,-- - - "Souvent femme varie: - Bien fou qui s'y fie." - - "A woman changes oft: - Who trusts her is right soft." - -His sister, Queen Margaret of Navarre, entered the room as he was -writing the ungallant couplet, and, protesting against such a slander -on her sex, she declared that she could quote twenty instances of man's -fickleness. Francis retorted that her reply was not to the point, and -that he would rather hear one instance of woman's constancy. "Can -you mention a single instance of her inconstancy?" asked the Queen -of Navarre. It happened that a few weeks before this conversation a -gentleman of the court had been thrown into prison upon a serious -charge; and his wife, who was one of the queen's ladies in waiting, was -reported to have eloped with his page. Certain it was that the page -and the lady had fled, no one could tell whither. Francis triumphantly -cited this case; but Margaret warmly defended the lady, and said that -time would prove her innocence. The king shook his head, but promised -that if, within a month, her character should be re-established, he -would break the pane on which the couplet was written, and grant his -sister whatever boon she might ask. Many days had not elapsed after -this, when it was discovered that it was not the lady who had fled with -the page, but her husband. During one of her visits to him in prison -they had exchanged clothes, and he was thus enabled to deceive the -jailer, and effect his escape, while the devoted wife remained in his -place. Margaret claimed his pardon at the king's hand, who not only -granted it, but gave a grand fête and tournament to celebrate this -instance of conjugal affection. He also destroyed the pane of glass, -but the calumnious saying inscribed on it has unfortunately survived. - - =A woman's tongue wags like a lamb's tail.= - - =A woman's strength is in her tongue.=--_Welsh._ - - =Arthur could not tame a woman's tongue.=--_Welsh._ - -"Three women and three geese make a market,"[18] according to the -Italians. "Foxes are all tail, and women are all tongue;" at least, it -is so in Auvergne.[19] "All women are good Lutherans," say the Danes; -"they would rather preach than hear mass."[20] "A woman's tongue is her -sword, and she does not let it rust," is a saying of the Chinese. - - =Swine, women, and bees are not to be turned.= - - ="Because" is a woman's answer.= - -And not so unmeaning an answer as flippant critics imagine. It is -an example of that much-admired figure of speech, aposiopesis, and -means--because I will have it so. "What a woman wills, God wills" -(French).[21] "Whatever a woman will she can" (Italian).[22] - - "The man's a fool who thinks by force or skill - To stem the torrent of a woman's will; - For if she will, she will, you may depend on't, - And if she won't, she won't, and there's an end on't." - -The cunning of the sex is equal to their obstinacy. "Women know a -point more than the devil" (Italian).[23] What wonder, then, if "A bag -of fleas is easier to keep guard over than a woman?" (German).[24] The -wilfulness of woman is pleasantly hinted at in the Scotch proverb, -"'Gie her her will, or she'll burst,' quoth the gudeman when his wife -was dinging him." - - =A woman conceals what she does not know.= - - =Women and bairns lein [conceal] what they kenna.=--_Scotch._ - -"To a woman and a magpie tell what you would speak in the market-place" -(Spanish).[25] Hotspur says to his wife,-- - - "Constant you are, - But yet a woman, and for secrecy - No lady closer; for I well believe - Thou wilt not utter what thou dost not know, - And so far I will trust thee, gentle Kate." - -But, if there is truth in proverbs, men have no right to reproach women -for blabbing. A woman can at least keep her own secret. Try her on the -subject of her age. - - =Beauty draws more than oxen.= - -"One hair of a woman draws more than a bell-rope" (German).[26] - - "And beauty draws us with a single hair." - - - =Beauty buys no beef.= - - =Beauty is no inheritance.= - -In spite of these curmudgeon maxims, let no fair maid despair whose -face is her fortune, for "She that is born a beauty is born married" -(Italian).[27] - - =Beauty is but skin deep.= - -The saying itself is no deeper. It is physically untrue, for beauty -is not an accident of surface, but a natural result and attribute -of a fine organisation. A man may sneer, like Ralph Nickleby, at a -lovely face, because he chooses rather to see "the grinning death's -head beneath it;" but Ralph was a heartless villain, and that is -only another name for a fool. "Beauty is one of God's' gifts," says -Mr. Lewes, "and every one really submits to its influence, whatever -platitudes he may think needful to issue.... How, think you, should -we ever have relished the immortal fragments of Greek literature, if -our conception of Greek men and Greek women had been formed by the -contemplation of figures such as those of Chinese art? Would any pulse -have throbbed at the Labdacidan tale had the descendants of Labdacus -risen before the imagination with obese rotundity, large ears, gashes -of mouths, eyes lurching upwards towards the temples, and no nose to -speak of? Could we with any sublime emotions picture to ourselves Fo-Ti -on the Promethean rock, or a Congou Antigone wailing her unwedded -death?" - - =Fine feathers make fine fowls.= - -Therefore, "If you want a wife choose her on Saturday, not on Sunday" -(Spanish);[28] _i.e._, choose her in undress. "No woman is ugly -when she is dressed" (Spanish);[29] at least, she is not so in her -own opinion. "The swarthy dame, dressed fine, decries the fair one" -(Spanish).[30] - - =The fairer the hostess the fouler the reckoning.= - -"A handsome landlady is bad for the purse" (French);[31] for this among -other reasons--that "If the landlady is fair, the wine too is fair" -(German).[32] - - =A bonny bride is sune buskit.=--_Scotch._ - -Buskit--dressed. She needs little adornment to enhance her charms. - - =Joan is as good as my lady in the dark.= - - =When candles are out all cats are grey.= - -"Blemishes are unseen by night,"[33] says an ancient Latin proverb; -and the Greeks held that "When the lamp is removed all women are -alike."[34] Opinions may differ on that point, but all agree that - - "The night - Shows stars and women in a better light." - -Hence the Italian warning to choose "Neither jewel, nor woman, nor -linen by candlelight;"[35] and the French hyperbole, "By candlelight a -goat looks a lady."[36] - - =If Jack is in love he is no judge of Jill's beauty.= - -"Nobody's sweetheart is ugly" (Dutch).[37] "Never seemed a prison fair -or a mistress foul" (French).[38] "Handsome is not what is handsome, -but what pleases" (Italian).[39] "He whose fair one squints says she -ogles" (German).[40] "'Red is Love's colour,' said the wooer to his -foxy charmer" (German).[41] - - =Love is blind.= - -Blind to all imperfections in the beloved object; blind also to -everything around it--to facts, consequences, and prudential -considerations. "People in love think that other people's eyes are out" -(Spanish).[42] - - =It is hard to keep flax from the lowe [fire].=-_Scotch._ - -"Man is fire, woman tow, and the devil comes and blows" (Spanish).[43] - - =Glasses and lasses are bruckle [brittle] wares.=--_Scotch._ - - =A pretty girl and a tattered gown are sure to find some hook in the - way.= - -Italy appears to be the original country of this proverb, though it is -popularly current in Ulster. "A handsome woman and a pinked or slashed -garment" are the things mentioned in the Italian proverb.[44] The -French form[45] corresponds with the Irish. - - =Where love fails we espy all faults.= - - =Faults are thick where love is thin.=--_Welsh._ - - =Hot love is soon cold.= - - =Love me little, love me long.= - - =Love of lads and fire of chats are soon in and soon - out.=--_Derbyshire._ - -Chats, _i.e._, chips. - - =Lads' love's a busk of broom, hot a while and soon - done.=--_Cheshire._ - - =Love is never without jealousy.= - -"He that is not jealous is not in love," says St. Augustin;[46] but -that depends not only upon the disposition of the lover, but upon the -point arrived at in the history of his love. Doubts and fears are -excusable in one who has not yet had assurance that his passion is -returned, but afterwards "Love expels jealousy" (French),[47] or, at -least, it ought to do so. "Love demands faith, and faith steadfastness" -(Italian);[48] but too often "Love gives for guerdon jealousy and -broken faith" (Italian).[49] It is an Italian woman's belief that "It -is better to have a husband without love than with jealousy."[50] - - =No folly to being in love.=--_Welsh._ - -"To love and to be wise is impossible" (Spanish);[51] or, as an -antique French proverb says, the two things have not the same -abode.[52] This is the creed of those who have not themselves been -lovers. As Calderon sings, in lines admirably rendered by Mr. -Fitzgerald,-- - - "He who far off beholds another dancing, - Even one who dances best, and all the time - Hears not the music that he dances to, - Thinks him a madman, apprehending not - The law which moves his else eccentric action; - So he that's in himself insensible - Of love's sweet influence, misjudges him - Who moves according to love's melody; - And knowing not that all these sighs and tears, - Ejaculations and impatiences, - Are necessary changes of a measure - Which the divine musician plays, may call - The lover crazy, which he would not do, - Did he within his own heart hear the tune - Play'd by the great musician of the world." - - =They that lie down [i.e., fall sick] for love should rise for - hunger=.--_Scotch._ - -The presumption being that, if they had not been too well fed, they -would not have been troubled with that disease. "Without Ceres and -Bacchus, Venus freezes" (Latin).[53] "No love without bread and wine" -(French).[54] - - =Old pottage is sooner heated than new made.= - -An old flame is sooner revived than a new one kindled. "One always -returns to one's first love" (French).[55] "True love never grows -hoary" (Italian).[56] - - =Love and light cannot be hid.= - - =Love and a cough cannot be hid.= - -The French add smoke to these irrepressible things.[57] _La gale_ is -sometimes enumerated with them; and the Danes say, "Poverty and love -are hard to hide."[58] - - =Love and lordship like not fellowship.= - - =Kindness comes awill.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, love cannot be forced. The Germans couple it in that respect -with singing.[59] "Who would be loved must love,"[60] say the Italians; -and "Love is the very price at which love is to be bought."[61] - -Our English proverbs on love are for the most part sarcastic or -jocular, and few of them can be compared, for grace and elevation of -feeling, with those of Italy. We have no parallels in our language -for the following:--"Love knows no measure"[62]--there are no -bounds to its trustfulness and devotion;--"Love warms more than a -thousand fires;"[63]--"He who has love in his heart has spurs in his -sides;"[64]--"Love rules without law;"[65]--"Love rules his kingdom -without a sword;"[66]--"Love knows not labour;"[67]--"Love is master -of all arts."[68] The French have one proverb on the sovereign might -of love,[69] which they borrowed from the sublime phrase in the Song -of Solomon, "Love is stronger than death;" and another expressed in -the language of their chivalric forefathers, "Love subdues all but the -ruffian's heart."[70] - - =Marry in haste and repent at leisure.= - -This proverb probably came to us from Italy;[71] but, alas! it happens -too often in all countries that "Wedlock rides in the saddle, and -repentance on the croup" (French).[72] There is a joke in the Menagiana -not unlike this:--A person meeting another riding on horseback with his -wife behind him, applied to him the words of Horace--"Post equitem -sedet atra cura."[73] "Marriage is a desperate thing," quoth Selden. -"The frogs in Æsop were extremely wise; they had a great mind to some -water, but they would not leap into the well because they could not -get out again." Consider well, then, what you are about before you put -yourself in a condition to hear it said,-- - - =You have tied a knot with your tongue you cannot undo with - your teeth.= - -Some go so far as to say that "No one marries but repents" -(French).[74] The Spaniards exclaim, in language which reminds us of -the custom of Dunmow, "The bacon of paradise for the married man that -has not repented!"[75] - - =Better wed over the mixon than over the moor.= - -The mixon is the heap of manure in the farmyard. The proverb means that -it is better not to go far from home in search of a wife--advice as -old as the Greek poet Hesiod, who has a line to this effect: "Marry, -in preference to all other women, one who dwells near thee." But a -more specific meaning has been assigned to the English proverb by -Fuller, and after him by Ray and Disraeli. They explain it as being a -maxim peculiar to Cheshire, and intended to dissuade candidates for -matrimony from taking the road to London, which lies over the moorland -of Staffordshire. "This local proverb," says Disraeli, "is a curious -instance of provincial pride, perhaps of wisdom, to induce the gentry -of that county to form intermarriages, to prolong their own ancient -families and perpetuate ancient friendships between them." This is a -mistake, for the proverb is not peculiar to Cheshire, or to any part of -England. Scotland has it in this shape:-- - - =Better woo o'er midden nor o'er moss.= - -And in Germany they give the same advice, and also assign a reason -for it, saying, "Marry over the mixon, and you will know who and what -she is."[76] The same principle is expressed in different forms in -other languages, _e.g._, "Your wife and your nag get from a neighbour" -(Italian).[77] "He that goes far to marry goes to be deceived or -to deceive" (Spanish).[78] The politic Lord Burleigh seems to have -regarded this "going far to deceive" as a very proper thing to be done -for the advancement of a man's fortune. In his "Advice to his Son" he -says, "If thy estate be good, match near home and at leisure; if weak, -far off and quickly." There is an ugly cunning in that word _quickly_. -Burleigh's advice is quite in the spirit of the French fortune -hunter's adage, "In marriage cheat who can."[79] - - =He that loseth his wife and sixpence hath lost a tester.= - -"He that loseth his wife and a farthing hath a great loss of his -farthing" (Italian).[80] In Italy also, and in Portugal, it is said -that "Grief for a dead wife lasts to the door;"[81] and even in -Provence, the land of the troubadours, they have a rhyme to this -effect:-- - - "Two good days for a man in this life: - When he weds and when he buries his wife."[82] - -Nor do the wives of Provence appear to be delighted with their conjugal -lot. Having lost their youthful plumpness through the cares and toils -of wedlock, they oddly declare that "If a stockfish became a widow -it would fatten."[83] A Spanish woman's opinion of matrimony is thus -expressed: "'Mother, what sort of a thing is marriage?' 'Daughter, it -is spinning, bearing children, and weeping.'"[84] - - =Better a tocher [dower] in her than wi' her.=--_Scotch._ - - =A man's best fortune or his worst is his wife.= - -"The day you marry you kill or cure yourself" (Spanish).[85] "Use -great prudence and circumspection," says Lord Burleigh to his son, "in -choosing thy wife, for from thence will spring all thy future good or -evil; and it is an action of life like unto a stratagem of war, wherein -a man can err but once." - - =The gude or ill hap o' a gude or ill life - Is the gude or ill choice o' a gude or ill wife.=--_Scotch._ - -There is a Spanish rhyme much to the same effect:-- - - "Him that has a good wife no evil in life that may not be borne, - can befall. - Him that has a bad wife no good thing in life can chance to, - that good you may call."[86] - - =Put your hand in the creel, and take out either an adder or an eel.= - -That's matrimony. "In buying horses and taking a wife, shut your eyes -and commend yourself to God" (Italian).[87] "Marriages are not as they -are made, but as they turn out" (Italian).[88] - - =There's but ae gude wife in the country, and ilka man thinks he's - got her.=--_Scotch._ - -It is a pleasant delusion while it lasts, and it is not incurable. -Instances of complete recovery from it are not rare. - - =A man may woo where he will, but must wed where he's - weird.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, where he is fated to wed. This is exactly equivalent to the -English saying,-- - - =Marriages are made in heaven=, - -the meaning of which Dean Trench appears to me to mistake, when he -speaks with admiration of its "religious depth and beauty." I cannot -find in it a shadow of religious sentiment. It simply implies that it -is not forethought, inclination, or mutual fitness that has the largest -share in bringing man and wife together. More efficient than all these -is the force of circumstances, or what people vaguely call chance, -fate, fortune, and so forth. In the French version of the adage, -"Marriages are _written_ in heaven,"[89] we find the special formula -of Oriental fatalism; and fatalism is everywhere the popular creed -respecting marriage. Hence, as Shakspeare says,-- - - "The ancient saying is no heresy-- - Hanging and wiving go by destiny." - -"But now consider the old proverbs to be true y saieth: that marriage -is destinie."--_Hall's Chronicles._ - - =If marriages be made in heaven some had few friends there.=--_Scotch._ - - =Ne'er seek a wife till ye hae a house and a fire burning.=--_Scotch._ - - =More belongs to a bed than four bare legs.= - - =Marriage is honourable, but housekeeping is a shrew.= - - =Sweetheart and honey-bird keeps no house.= - -"Marry, marry, and what about the housekeeping?" (Portuguese).[90] -"Remember," said a French lady to her son, who was about to make an -imprudent match, "remember that in wedded life there is only one thing -which continues every day the same, and that is the necessity of making -the pot boil." "He that marries for love has good nights and bad days" -(French).[91] "Before you marry have where to tarry," (Italian);[92] -and remember that - - =A wee house has a wide throat.= - -It costs something to support a family, however small; and "It is -easier to build two hearths than always to have a fire on one" -(German).[93] - - ='Tis hard to wive and thrive both in a year.= - - =Who weds ere he be wise shall die ere he thrive.= - - =Happy is the wooing that is not long a-doing.= - -This is so far true as it discommends long engagements. - - ='Tis time to yoke when the cart comes to the capples [i.e., - horses].=--_Cheshire._ - -That is, it is time to marry when the woman wooes the man. This -provincial word "capple" is Irish also, and is allied to, but not -derived from, the Latin _caballus_. It is probably one of the few words -of the ancient Celtic tongue of Britain which were adopted into the -language of the Saxon conquerors. - - =Husbands are in heaven whose wives chide not.= - -Whether or not that heaven is ever found on earth is a question which -each man must decide from his own experience. "He that has a wife has -strife,"[94] say the French, and the Italian proverb-mongers take an -unhandsome advantage of the fact that in their language the words -"wife" and "woes" differ only by a letter.[95] St. Jerome declares that -"Whoever is free from wrangling is a bachelor."[96] - - =A smoky chimney and a scolding wife are two bad companions.= - -The Scotch couple together "A leaky house and a scolding wife," in -which they follow Solomon: "A continual dropping on a very rainy day -and a contentious woman are alike."[97] "It is better to dwell in a -corner of the housetop than with a brawling woman in a wide house."[98] - - - =A house wi' a reek and a wife wi' a reerd [scolding noise] will sune - mak a man run to the door.=--_Scotch._ - -Of the continental versions of this proverb the Spanish[99] seems to me -the best, and next to it the Dutch.[100] - - =It's a sair reek where the gude wife dings the gude man.=--_Scotch._ - -"A man in my country," says James Kelly, "coming out of his house with -tears on his cheeks, was asked the occasion. He said 'there was a -sair reek in the house;' but, upon further inquiry, it was found that -his wife had beaten him." "It is a sad house where the hen crows and -the cock is mute" (Spanish).[101] Though we have not this proverb in -English, we have its spirit embodied in one word, HENPECKED, which is -peculiar to ourselves. - - =The grey mare is the better horse.= - -The wife wears the breeches. "A hawk's marriage: the hen is the better -bird" (French).[102] - - =Marry above your match and you get a master.= - -"In the rich woman's house she commands always, and he never" -(Spanish).[103] "Who takes a wife for her dower turns his back on -freedom" (French).[104] But every married man is in this plight, for - - "He that has a wife has a master."[105] - -"He that's not sensible of the truth of this proverb," says James -Kelly, "may blot it out or pass it over." - - "As the good man saith, so say we; - But as the good woman saith, so it must be." - - =Wedding and ill wintering tame both man and beast.= - -"You will marry and grow tame" (Spanish).[106] - - =He that marries a widow and two daughters marries three stark - thieves.= - - =He that marries a widow and two daughters has three back doors to his - house.= - -And "The back door is the one that robs the house" (Italian).[107] - - =Never marry a widow unless her first husband was hanged.= - -Else the burden of an old Scotch song, "Ye'll never be like mine auld -gudeman," will be dinned in your ears day and night. - - =He that marries a widow will have a dead man's head cast in his dish.= - - =Happy is the wife who is married to a motherless son.= - -"Uno animo omnes socrus oderunt nurus," says Terence; and this is -the common testimony of experience in all ages and countries. "The -husband's mother is the wife's devil" (German, Dutch).[108] "As long -as I was a daughter-in-law I never had a good mother-in-law, and as -long as I was a mother-in-law I never had a good daughter-in-law" -(Spanish).[109] "The mother-in-law forgets that she was a -daughter-in-law" (Spanish).[110] "She is well married who has neither -mother-in-law nor sister-in-law" (Spanish).[111] Men, too, do not -always regard their wives' mothers with tender affection, and some of -the many bitter sayings against mothers-in-law seem to be common to -both sexes. Such is this queer Ulster rhyme:-- - - "Of all the ould women that ever I saw, - Sweet bad luck to my mother in-law." - -Also these Low German:--"There is no good mother-in-law but she that -wears a green gown;"[112] _i.e._, that is covered with the turf of the -churchyard;--"The best mother-in-law is she on whose gown the geese -feed;"[113] and this Portuguese, "If my mother-in-law dies, I will -fetch somebody to flay her."[114] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[1] A gli uomini ogni peccato mortale è veniale, alle donne ogni -veniale è mortale. - -[2] Se la donna fosse piccola come è buona, la minima foglia la farebbe -una veste e una corona. - -[3] Jedes Weib will lieber schön als fromm sein. - -[4] Es giebt nur zwei gute Weiber auf der Welt: die Eine ist gestorben, -die Andere nicht zu finden. - -[5] Un homme de paille vaut une femme d'or. - -[6] De la mala muger te guarda, y de la buena no fies nada. - -[7] - - Nux, asinus, mulier simili sunt lege ligata, - Hæc tria nil recte faciunt si verbera cessant. - -[8] Donne, asini, e noci voglion le mani atroci. - -[9] Prends le premier conseil d'une femme, et non le second. - -[10] La donna savia è all' impensata, alla pensata è matta. - -[11] Sommersaat und Weiberrath geräth alle sieben Jahre einmal. - -[12] El consejo de la muger es poco, y quien no le toma es loco. - -[13] Femme rit quand elle peut, et pleure quand elle veut. - -[14] Donna si lagna, donna si duole, donna s'ammala quando la vuole. - -[15] Lagrime di donna, fontana di malizia. - -[16] Weiber sind veränderlich wie Aprilwetter. - -[17] Muger, viento, y ventura presto se muda. - -[18] Tre oche e tre donne fann' un mercato. - -[19] Les femmes sont faites de langue, comme les renards de queue. - -[20] Alle Quinder ere gode Lutherske, de predike heller end de höre -Messe. - -[21] Ce que femme veut, Dieu le veut. - -[22] Se la donna vuol, tutto la puol. - -[23] Le donne sanno un punto più del diavolo. - -[24] Ein Sack voll Flöhe ist leichter zu hüten wie ein Weib. - -[25] A la muger y a la picaza loque dirias en la plaza. - -[26] Ein Frauenhaar zieht mehr als ein Glockenseil. - -[27] Chi nasce belle, nasce maritata. - -[28] Si quieres hembra, escoge la el sabado, y no el domingo. - -[29] Compuesta no hay muger fea. - -[30] Baza compuesta la blanca denuesta. - -[31] Belle hôtesse, c'est un mal pour la bourse. - -[32] Ist die Wirthin schön, ist auch der Wein schön. - -[33] Nocte latent mendæ. - -[34] Λυχνοῦ ἀρθέντωϛ πᾶσα γυνὴ ἡ αὐτὴ. - -[35] Ne gioia, ne donna, ne tela al lume de candela. - -[36] À la chandelle la chèvre semble demoiselle. - -[37] Niemands lief is lelijk. - -[38] Il n'est point de belles prisons ni de laides amours. - -[39] Non è bello quel che è bello, ma quel che piace. - -[40] Wessen Huldin schielt, der sagt sie liebaugele. - -[41] "Roth ist die Farbe der Liebe," sagte der Buhler zu seinem fuchs -farbenen Schatz. - -[42] Piensan los enamorados que tienen los otros los ojos quebrados. - -[43] El hombre es el fuego, la muger la estopa; viene el diablo y sopla. - -[44] Bella donna e veste tagliazzata sempre s'imbatte in qualche uncino. - -[45] Belle fille et méchante robe trouvent toujours qui les accroche. - -[46] Qui non zelat non amat. - -[47] Amour chasse jalousie. - -[48] Amor vuol fede, e fede vuol fermezza. - -[49] Amor dà per mercede gelosia e rotta fede. - -[50] Meglio è aver il marito senza amore che con gelosia. - -[51] Amar y saber, no puede ser. - -[52] Aimer et savoir n'ont même manoir. [For this last word some modern -collections substitute _manière_, which makes nonsense.] - -[53] Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus. - -[54] Sans pain, sans vin, amour n'est rien. - -[55] On revient toujours à ses premières amours. - -[56] Amor vero non diventa mai canuto. - -[57] Amour, toux, et fumée en secret ne font demeurée. - -[58] Armod og Kiærlighed ere onde at dolge. - -[59] Liebe und Singen lässt sich nicht zwingen. - -[60] Chi vuol esser amato, convien ch'il ami. - -[61] Amor è il vero prezio, per che si compra amor. - -[62] Amor non conosce misura. - -[63] Scalda più amore che mills fuochi. - -[64] Chi ha l'amor nel petto, ha lo sprone a' franchi. - -[65] Amor regge senza legge. - -[66] Amor regge il suo regno senza spada. - -[67] Amor non conosce travaglio. - -[68] Di tutte le arti maestro è amore. - -[69] Amour et mort, rien n'est plus fort. - -[70] Amour soumet tout hormis cœur de félon. - -[71] Chi si marita in fretta, stenta adagio. - -[72] Fiançailles vont en selle, et repentailles en croupe. - -[73] Black care sits behind the horseman. - -[74] Nul ne se marie qui ne s'en repente. - -[75] El tocino de paraiso para el casado no arrepiso. - -[76] Heirathe über den Mist, so weisst du wer sie ist. - -[77] La moglie e il ronzino piglia dal vicino. - -[78] Quien lejos se va á casar, o va engañado, o va á engañar. - -[79] En mariage trompe qui peut. - -[80] Chi perde la moglie e un quattrino, ha gran perdita del quattrino. - -[81] Doglia di moglie morta dura fino alla porta. Dôr de mulher morta, -dura até a porta. - -[82] - - Dous bouns jours à l'home sur terro: - Quand pren mouilho, e quand l'enterro. - - -[83] Se uno marlusse venie veouso, serie grasso. - -[84] Madre, que cosa es casar? Hija, hilar, parir y llorar. - -[85] El dia que te casas, o te matas o te sanas. - -[86] - - A quien tiene buena muger, ningun mal le puede venir, - que no sea de sufrir. - A quien tiene mala muger, ningun bien le puede venir, - que bien se puede decir. - -[87] Comprar cavalli e tor moglie, serra gli occhi e raccomandati a Dio. - -[88] I matrimoni sono, non come si fanno, ma come riescono. - -[89] Les mariages sont écrits dans le ciel. - -[90] Casar, casar, e que do governo? - -[91] Qui se marie par amours, a bonnes nuits et mauvais jours. - -[92] Innanzi al maritare, habbi l'habitare. - -[93] Es ist leichter zwei Herde bauen, als auf einem immer Feuer haben. - -[94] Qui femme a, noise a. - -[95] Chi ha moglie, ha doglie. - -[96] Qui non litigat cœlebs est. - -[97] Prov. xxvii. 15. - -[98] Prov. xxi. 19. - -[99] Humo y gotera, y la muger parlera, echan el hombre de su casa -fuera. - -[100] Rook, stank, en kwaade wijven zijn die de mans uit de huizen -drijven. - -[101] Triste es la casa donde la gallina canta y el gallo calla. - -[102] Mariage d'épervier: la femelle vaut mieux que le mâle. - -[103] En la casa de muger rica, ella manda siempre, y el nunca. - -[104] Qui prend une femme pour sa dot a la liberté tourne le dos. - -[105] In French, Qui prend femme, prend maître. - -[106] Casaras y amansaras. - -[107] La porta di dietro è quella che ruba la casa. - -[108] Des Mannes Mutter ist der Frau Teufel. Een mans moer is de duivel -op den vloer. - -[109] En quanto fue nuera, nunca tuve buena suegra, y en quanto fue -suegra, nunca tuve buena nuera. - -[110] No se acuerda la suegra que fue nuera. - -[111] Aquella es bien casada, que no tiene suegra ni cuñada. - -[112] Es ist keine gut Swigar, danne die einen grünen Rok an hat. - -[113] Die beste Swigar ist die auf deren Rok die Gänse waiden. - -[114] Se minha sogra more, buscare quem a estolle. - - - - -PARENTS AND CHILDREN. - - - =Children are certain cares, but uncertain comforts.= - -"Little children and headaches--great children and heartaches" -(Italian).[115] Nevertheless, "He knows not what love is that has not -children" (Italian).[116] - - =It is a wise child that knows his own father.= - -Happily, as a French sage remarks, "One is always somebody's child, and -that is a comfort."[117] "The child names the father; the mother knows -him" (Livonian). - - =The mother knows best if the child be like the father.= - - =The mither's breath is aye sweet.=--_Scotch._ - -This proverb, which belongs exclusively to Scotland, appears to me -even more "exquisitely graceful and tender" than that German and -French proverb so justly admired by Dean Trench, "Mother's truth keeps -constant youth."[118] "There is no mother like the mother that bore -us" (Spanish).[119] "The child that gets a stepmother gets a stepfather -also" (Danish).[120] - - =The crow thinks her own bird the fairest.= - -"Every mother's child is handsome" (German).[121] "No ape but swears -he has the finest children" (German).[122] "If our child squints, our -neighbour's child has a cast in both eyes" (Livonian). - - =As the old cock crows so crows the young=; _or_, - =As the old cock crows the young cock learns=. - - =If the mare have a bald face the filly will have a blaze.= - - =Trot feyther, trot mither, how can foal amble?=--_Scotch._ - -Children generally follow the example of their parents, but imitate -their faults more surely than their virtues. Thus,-- - - =A light-heeled mother makes a heavy-heeled daughter.= - -Unless the mother transfers a part of her household cares to the -daughter, the latter will grow up in sloth and ignorance of good -housewifery. "A tender-hearted mother rears a scabby daughter" (French, -Italian).[123] - - =A child may have too much of its mother's blessing.= - -Her foolish fondness may spoil it. - - =The worst store is a maid unbestowed.=--_Welsh._ - -"A house full of daughters is a cellar full of sour beer" (Dutch).[124] -Chaucer says,-- - - "He that hath more smocks than shirts in a bucking - Had need be a man of good forelooking." - -"Marry your son when you will, and your daughter when you can" -(Spanish).[125] - - =My son is my son till he's got him a wife;= - =My daughter's my daughter all the days of her life.= - -This is a woman's calculation. She knows that a son-in-law will submit -to her sway more tamely than a daughter-in-law. - - =Little pitchers have long ears.= - -"What the child hears at the fire is soon known at the minster" -(French).[126] - - =Children and fools tell truth.= - -And tell it when it were better left untold. "These terrible children!" -(French.)[127] - - =Children and fools have merry lives.= - -They quickly forget past sorrows, and are careless of the future. - - =Children suck the mother when they are young, and the father when - they are old.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[115] Fanciulli piccioli, dolor di testa; fanciulli grandi, dolor di -cuore. - -[116] Chi non ha figliuoli non sa che cosa sia amore. - -[117] On est toujours le fils de quelqu'un; cela console. - -[118] Muttertreu wird täglich neu. Tendresse maternelle toujours se -renouvelle. - -[119] No hay tal madre como la que pare. - -[120] Det Barn der faaer Stivmoder, faaer ogsaa Stifvader. - -[121] Jeder Mutter Kind ist schön. - -[122] Kein Aff', er schwört, er habe die schönsten Kinder. - -[123] Mère piteuse fait sa fille rogneuse. La madre pietosa fa la -figliuola tignosa. - -[124] Een huis vol dochters is een kelder vol zuur bier. - -[125] Casa el hijo quando quisieres, y la hija quando pudieres. - -[126] Ce que l'enfant oit au foyer, est bientost connu jusqu'au -monstier. - -[127] Ces enfants terribles! - - - - -YOUTH AND AGE. - - - =A ragged colt may make a good horse.=[128] - -An untoward boy may grow up into a proper man. This may be understood -either in a physical or a moral sense. "There is no colt but breaks -some halter" (Italian),[129] otherwise it is good for nothing -(French).[130] "Youth comes back from far" (French).[131] Do not -despair of it as lost, though it runs a mad gallop; something of the -sort is to be expected of all but those preternaturally sedate youths -who are born, as the author of "Eothen" says, with a Chifney bit in -their mouths from their mother's womb. - - =A man at five may be a fool at fifteen.= - -In the days when cock-fighting was a fashionable pastime, game chickens -that crowed too soon or too often were condemned to the spit as of -no promise or ability. "A lad," says Archbishop Whateley, "who has -to a degree that excites wonder and admiration the character and -demeanour of an intelligent man of mature years, will probably be -that and nothing more all his life, and will cease accordingly to be -anything remarkable, because it was the precocity alone that ever -made him so. It is remarked by greyhound fanciers that a well-formed, -compact-shaped puppy never makes a fleet dog. They see more promise in -the loose-jointed, awkward, and clumsy ones. And even so there is a -kind of crudity and unsettledness in the minds of those young persons -who turn out ultimately the most eminent." - - =Soon ripe soon rotten.= - -"Late fruit keeps well" (German).[132] - - =It is better to knit than to blossom.= - -Orchard trees may blossom fairly, yet bear no fruit. - - =It early pricks that will be a thorn.= - -Some indications of future character may be seen even in infancy. The -child is father of the man. - - =Soon crooks the tree that good gambrel will be.= - -A gambrel (from the Italian _gamba_, a leg) is a crooked piece of wood, -on which butchers hang the carcasses of beasts by the legs. - - =As the twig is bent the tree's inclined.= - - =Best to bend while it is a twig.= - - =It is not easy to straighten in the oak the crook that grew in the - sapling.=--_Gaelic._ - -"What the colt learns in youth he continues in old age" (French).[133] -"What youth learns, age does not forget" (Danish).[134] - - =Reckless youth maks ruefu' eild.=--_Scotch._ - -"If youth knew! if age could!" (French).[135] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[128] Spanish: De potro sarnoso buen caballo hermoso. German: Ans -klattrigen Fohlen werden die schönsten Hengste. - -[129] Non c'è polledro che non rompa qualche cavezza. - -[130] Rien ne vaut poulain s'il ne rompt son lien. - -[131] Jeunesse revient de loin. - -[132] Spät Obst liegt lange. - -[133] Ce que poulain prend en jeunesse, il le continue en vieillesse. - -[134] Det Ung nemmer, Gammel ei glemmer. - -[135] Si jeunesse savait! si vieillesse pouvait! - - - - -NATURAL CHARACTER. - - - =What's bred in the bone will never be out of the flesh.= - -What is innate is not to be eradicated by force of education or -self-discipline: these may modify the outward manifestations of a man's -nature, but not transmute that nature itself. What belongs to it "lasts -to the grave" (Italian).[136] The ancients had several proverbs to the -same purpose, such as this one, which is found in Aristophanes--"You -will never make a crab walk straight forwards"--and this Latin one, -which is repeated in several modern languages: "The wolf changes his -coat, but not his disposition;"[137]--he turns grey with age. The -Spaniards say he "loses his teeth, but not his inclinations."[138] -"What is sucked in with the mother's milk runs out in the shroud" -(Spanish).[139] Horace's well-known line,-- - - "Naturam expellas furca tamen usque recurret"-- - -"Though you cast out nature with a fork, it will still return"--has -very much the air of a proverb versified. The same thought is better -expressed in a French line which has acquired proverbial currency:-- - - "Chassez le naturel, il revient au galop." - -"Drive away nature, and back it comes at a gallop." This line is very -commonly attributed to Boileau, but erroneously. The author of it is -Chaulieu (?). The Orientals ascribe to Mahomet the saying, "Believe, if -thou wilt, that mountains change their places, but believe not that men -change their dispositions." - - =Cat after kind.= - -"What is born of a hen will scrape" (Italian).[140] "What is born of -a cat will catch mice" (French, Italian).[141] This proverb is taken -from the fable of a cat transformed into a woman, who scandalised her -friends by jumping from her seat to catch a mouse. "A good hound hunts -by kind" (French).[142] "It is kind father to him," as the Scotch say. -"Good blood cannot lie" (French);[143] its generous instincts are sure -to display themselves on fit occasions. On the other hand, "The son of -an ass brays twice a day."[144] We need not say what people that stroke -of grave humour belongs to. - - =Drive a cow to the ha' and she'll run to the byre.=--_Scotch._ - -She will be more at home there than in the drawing-room. "A sow prefers -bran to roses" (French).[145] "Set a frog on a golden stool, and off it -hops again into the pool" (German).[146] - - =There's no making a silk purse of a sow's ear=; - -or, "A good arrow of a pig's tail" (Spanish);[147] or, "A sieve of an -ass's tail" (Greek). - - =A carrion kite will never make a good hawk.=[148] - - =An inch o' a nag is worth a span o' an aver.=--_Scotch._ - - =A kindly aver will never make a good nag.=--_Scotch._ - -An aver is a cart horse. - - =One leg of a lark is worth the whole body of a kite.= - - =A piece of a kid is worth two of a cat.= - - =Bray a fool in a mortar, he'll be never the wiser.= - -"To wash an ass's head is loss of suds" (French).[149] "The malady that -is incurable is folly" (Spanish).[150] - - =There's no washing a blackamoor white.= - -"Wash a dog, comb a dog, still a dog is but a dog" (French).[151] - - =A hog in armour is still but a hog.= - - =An ape is an ape, a varlet's a varlet,= - =Though he be clad in silk and scarlet.= - - =There's no getting white flour out of a coal-sack.= - -"Whatever the bee sucks turns to honey, and whatever the wasp sucks -turns to venom" (Portuguese).[152] - - =Eagles catch no flies.= - -Literally translated from a Latin adage[153] much used by Queen -Christina, of Sweden, who affected a superb disdain for petty details. -The Romans had another proverbial expression for the same idea:--"The -prætor takes no heed of very small matters,"[154] for his was a -superior court, and did not try cases of minor importance. Our modern -lawyers have retained the classical adage, only substituting the word -"law" for "prætor." They say, "De minimis non curat lex," which might, -perhaps, be freely translated, "Lawyers don't stick at trifles." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[136] Chi l'ha per natura, fin alla fossa dura. - -[137] Lupus pilum mutat non mentem. - -[138] El lobo pierde los dientes, mas no los mientes. - -[139] Lo que en la leche se mama, en la mortaja so derrama. - -[140] Chi nasce di gallina, convien che rozzuola. - -[141] Chi naquit chat, court après les souris. Chi nasce di gatta -sorice piglia. - -[142] Bon chien chasse de race. - -[143] Bon sang ne peut mentir. - -[144] El hijo del asino dos veces rozna al dia. - -[145] Truie aime mieux bran que roses. - -[146] - - Setz einen Frosch auf goldnen Stuhl. - Er hupft doch wieder in den Pfuhl. - -[147] De rabo de puerco nunca buen virote. - -[148] On ne saurait faire d'une buse un épervier. - -[149] À laver la tête d'un âne, on perd sa lessive. - -[150] El mal que no se puede sañar, es locura. - -[151] Lavez chien, peignez chien, toujours n'est chien que chien. - -[152] Quanto chupa a abelha, mel torna, e quanto a aranha, peçonha. - -[153] Aquila non capit muscas. - -[154] De minimis non curat prætor. - - - - -HOME. - - - =Home is home, be it ever so homely.= - - =Hame is a hamely word.=--_Scotch._ - -"Homely" and "hamely" are not synonymous, but imply different ideas -associated with home. The one means plain, unadorned, fit for every-day -use; the other means familiar, pleasant, dear to the affections. "To -every bird its nest is fair" (French, Italian).[155] "East and west, -at home the best" (German).[156] "The reek of my own house," says -the Spaniard, "is better than the fire of another's."[157] The same -feeling is expressed with less energy, but far more tenderly, in a -beautiful Italian proverb, which loses greatly by translation: "Home, -my own home, tiny though thou be, to me thou seemest an abbey."[158] -Two others in the same language are exquisitely tender: "My home, my -mother's breast."[159] How touching this simple juxtaposition of two -loveliest things! Again, "Tie me hand and foot, and throw me among my -own."[160] - - =Every cock is proud on his own dunghill.= - - =A cock is crouse on his ain midden.=--_Scotch._ - -This proverb has descended to us from the Romans: it is quoted -by Seneca.[161] Its medieval equivalent, _Gallus cantat in suo -sterquilinio_, was probably present to the mind of the first Napoleon -when, in reply to those who advised him to adopt the Gallic cock as -the imperial cognizance, he said, "No, it is a bird that crows on a -dunghill." The French have altered the old proverb without improving -it, thus: "A dog is stout on his own dunghill."[162] The Italian is -better: "Every dog is a lion at home."[163] The Portuguese give us the -counterpart of this adage, saying, "The fierce ox grows tame on strange -ground."[164] - - =An Englishman's house is his castle.= - -But sanitary reformers tell him truly that he has no right to shoot -poisoned arrows from it at his neighbours. The French say, "The collier -(or charcoal burner) is master in his own house,"[165] and refer the -origin of the proverb to a hunting adventure of Francis I., which is -related by Blaise de Montluc. Having outridden all his followers, the -king took shelter at nightfall in the cabin of a charcoal burner, whose -wife he found sitting alone on the floor before the fire. She told him, -when he asked for hospitality, that he must wait her husband's return, -which he did, seating himself on the only chair the cabin contained. -Presently the man came in, and, after a brief greeting, made the king -give him up the chair, saying he was used to sit in it, and it was but -right that a man should be master in his own house. Francis expressed -his entire concurrence in this doctrine, and he and his host supped -together very amicably on game poached from the royal forest. - -"Man," said Ferdinand VII. to the Duke of Medina Celi, the premier -nobleman of Spain, who was helping him on with his great coat, -"man, how little you are!"--"At home I am great," replied the -dwarfish _grande_ (grandee). "When I am in my own house I am a king" -(Spanish).[166] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[155] À tout oiseau son nid est beau. A ogni uccello suo nido è bello. - -[156] Ost und West, daheim das Best. - -[157] Mas vale humo de mi casa que fuego de la agena. - -[158] Casa mia, casa mia, per piccina che tu sia, tu mi sembri una -badia. - -[159] Casa mia, mamma mia. - -[160] Legami mani e piei, e gettami tra' miei. - -[161] Gallus in suo sterquilinio plurimum potest. - -[162] Chien sur son fumier est hardi. - -[163] Ogni cane è leone a casa sua. - -[164] O boi bravo na terra alheia se faz manso. - -[165] Charbonnier est maître chez soi. - -[166] Mientras en mi casa estoy, rey me soy. - - - - -PRESENCE. ABSENCE. SOCIAL INTERCOURSE. - - - =Long absent, soon forgotten.= - - =Out of sight, out of mind.= - -"Friends living far away are no friends" (Greek). "He that is absent -will not be the heir" (Latin).[167] "Absence is love's foe: far from -the eyes, far from the heart" (Spanish).[168] "The dead and the absent -have no friends" (Spanish).[169] "The absent are always in the wrong" -(French).[170] "Absent, none without fault; present, none without -excuse" (French).[171] - -Against this string of proverbs, all running in one direction, we may -set off the Scotch saying,-- - - =They are aye gude that are far awa'=; - -and this French one: "A little absence does much good."[172] Without -affirming too absolutely that-- - - =Friends agree best at a distance--= - -which was a proverb before Rochefoucauld wrote it down among his -maxims--we may admit that "To preserve friendship a wall must be put -between" (French);[173] and that "A hedge between keeps friendship -green" (German).[174] "Love your neighbour, but do not pull down the -hedge" (German).[175] "There are certain limits of sociality, and -prudent reserve and absence may find a place in the management of -the tenderest relations."--(_Friends in Council._) This lesson the -Spaniards embody in two proverbs, bidding you "Go to your aunt's (or -your brother's) house, but not every day."[176] Friends meet with more -pleasure after a short separation. "The imagination," says Montaigne, -"embraces more fervently and constantly what it goes in search of than -what one has at hand. Count up your daily thoughts, and you will find -that you are most absent from your friend when you have him with you. -His presence relaxes your attention, and gives your thoughts liberty to -absent themselves at every turn and upon every occasion." - - =Better be unmannerly than troublesome.= - - =I wad rather my friend should think me framet than fashious.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, I would rather my friend should think me strange (_fremd_, -German) than troublesome (_fâcheux_, French). - - =Too much familiarity breeds contempt.= - - =Ower-meikle hameliness spoils gude courtesy.= - -Hameliness means familiarity. See "Hame is a hamely word," page 36. - - =Leave welcome ahint you.=--_Scotch._ - -Do not outstay your welcome. "A guest and a fish stink on the third -day" (Spanish).[177] - - =Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest.= - -"Aweel, kinsman," says Rob Boy to the baillie, "ye ken our -fashion--foster the guest that comes, further him that maun gang." "Let -the guest go before the storm bursts" (German).[178] - - =If the badger leaves his hole the tod will creep into it.=--_Scotch._ - -"He that quits his place loses it" (French).[179] "Whoso absents -himself, his share absents itself" (Arab). - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[167] Absens hæres non erit. - -[168] Ausencia enemiga de amor: quan lejos de ojo tan lejos de corazon. - -[169] A muertos y a idos no hay mas amigos. - -[170] Les absents ont toujours tort. - -[171] Absent n'est point sans coulpe, ni présent sans excuse. - -[172] Un peu d'absence fait grand bien. - -[173] Pour amitié garder il faut parois entreposer. - -[174] Ein Zaun dazwischen mag die Liebe erfrischen. - -[175] Liebe deinen Nachbar, reiss aber den Zaun nicht ein. - -[176] A case de tu tia, mas no cada dia. A casa de tu hermano, mas no -cada serano. - -[177] El huesped y el pece á tres dias hiede. - -[178] Lass den Gast ziehen eh das Gewitter ausbricht. - -[179] Qui quitte sa place la perd. - - - - -FRIENDSHIP. - - - =He is my friend who grinds at my mill.= - -That is, who is serviceable to me--a vile sentiment if understood too -absolutely; but the proverb is rather to be interpreted as offering -a test by which genuine friendship may be distinguished from its -counterfeit. "Deeds are love, and not fine speeches" (Spanish).[180] -"If you love me, John, your acts will tell me so" (Spanish).[181] -"In the world you have three sorts of friends," says Chamfort; "your -friends who love you, your friends who do not care about you, and your -friends who hate you." - - =Kindness will creep where it canna gang.=--_Scotch._ - -It will find some way to manifest itself, in spite of all hinderances. -As Burns sings,-- - - "A man may hae an honest heart, - Though poortith hourly stare him; - A man may tak a neebor's part, - Yet no hae cash to spare him." - - =Friendship canna stand aye on one side.=--_Scotch._ - -It demands reciprocity. "Little presents keep up friendship" -(French);[182] and so do mutual good offices. Note that the French -proverb speaks of _little_ presents--such things as are valued between -friends, not for their intrinsic value, but as tokens of good-will. - - =Before you make a friend, eat a peck of salt with him.= - -Take time to know him thoroughly. - - =Sudden friendship, sure repentance.= - - =Never trust much to a new friend or an old enemy.= - -Nor even to an old friend, if you and he have once been at enmity. -"Patched-up friendship seldom becomes whole again" (German).[183] -"Broken friendship may be soldered, but never made sound" -(Spanish).[184] "A reconciled friend, a double foe" (Spanish).[185] -"Beware of a reconciled friend as of the devil" (Spanish).[186] -Asmodeus, speaking of his quarrel with Paillardoc, says, "They -reconciled us, we embraced, and ever since we have been mortal enemies." - - =Old friends and old wine are best.= - -"Old tunes are sweetest, and old friends are surest," says Claud -Halcro. "Old be your fish, your oil, your friend" (Italian).[187] - - =One enemy is too many, and a hundred friends are too few.= - -Enmity is unhappily a much more active principle than friendship. - - =Save me from my friends!= - -An ejaculation often called forth by the indiscreet zeal which damages -a man's cause whilst professing to serve it. The full form of the -proverb--"God save me from my friends, I will save myself from my -enemies"--is almost obsolete amongst us, but is found in most languages -of the continent, and is applied to false friends. Bacon tells us that -"Cosmos, Duke of Florence, was wont to say of perfidious friends that -we read we ought to forgive our enemies; but we do not read we ought to -forgive our friends." - - =A full purse never lacked friends.= - -An empty purse does not easily find one. To say that "The best friends -are in the purse" (German),[188] is, perhaps, putting the matter a -little too strongly; but, at all events, "Let us have florins, and we -shall find cousins" (Italian).[189] "The rich man does not know who is -his friend."[190] This Gascon proverb may be taken in a double sense: -the rich man's friends are more than he can number; he cannot be sure -of the sincerity of any of them. "He who is everybody's friend is -either very poor or very rich" (Spanish).[191] "Now that I have a ewe -and a lamb everybody says to me, 'Good day, Peter'" (Spanish).[192] -Everybody looks kindly on the thriving man. - - =A friend in need is a friend indeed.= - -But, as such friends are rare, the Scotch proverb counsels not amiss,-- - - =Try your friend afore ye need him.= - -On the other hand, "He that would have many friends should try few -of them" (Italian).[193] "Let him that is wretched and beggared try -everybody, and then his friend" (Italian).[194] - - =A friend is never known till one have need.= - -"A friend cannot be known in prosperity, and an enemy cannot be hidden -in adversity" (Ecclesiasticus). "A sure friend is known in a doubtful -case" (Ennius)[195] - - =When good cheer is lacking, friends will be packing.= - -"The bread eaten, the company departed" (Spanish).[196] "While the pot -boils, friendship blooms" (German).[197] - - "In time of prosperity friends will be plenty; - In time of adversity not one in twenty." - - =No longer foster, no longer friend.= - - =Help yourself, and your friends will like you.= - -"Give out that you have many friends, and believe that you have few" -(French).[198] By that means you will not expose yourself to be -bitterly disappointed, and you will secure the favours which the world -is ready to bestow on those who seem to have least need of them. - - =A friend at court is better than a penny in the purse.= - - =Kissing goes by favour.= - -Every one makes it his business to "Take care of Dowb." "They are -rich," therefore, "who have friends" (Portuguese, Latin).[199] -"It is better to have friends on the market than money in one's -coffer" (Spanish).[200] "Every one dances as he has friends in the -ball-room" (Portuguese).[201] "There's no living without friends" -(Portuguese).[202] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[180] Obras son amores, que no buenas razones. - -[181] Se bien me quieres, Juan, tus obras me lo diran. - -[182] Les petits cadeaux entretiennent l'amitié. - -[183] Geflickte Freundschaft wird selten wieder ganz. - -[184] Amigo quebrado soldado, mas nunca sano. - -[185] Amigo reconciliado, amigo doblado. - -[186] De amigo reconciliado, guarte del como del diablo. Cum inimico -nemo in gratiam tuto redit.--_Pub. Syrus._ - -[187] Pesce, oglio, e amico vecchio. - -[188] Die beste Freunde stecken im Beutel. - -[189] Abbiamo pur fiorini, che trovaremo cugini. - -[190] Riché homé non sap qui ly es amyg. - -[191] Quien te todos es amigo, ó es muy pobre, ó es muy rico. - -[192] Ahora que tengo oveja y borrego, todos me dicen: En hora buena -estais, Pedro. - -[193] Chi vuol aver amici assai, ne provi pochi. - -[194] Chi è misero e senza denari, provi tutti, e poi l'amico. - -[195] Amicus certus in re incerta cernitur. - -[196] El pan comido, la compañia deshecha. - -[197] Siedet der Topf, so blühet die Freundschaft. - -[198] Il faut se dire beaucoup d'amis, et s'en croire peu. - -[199] Aquellos saō ricos que tem amigos. Ubi amici, ibi opes. - -[200] Mas valen amigos en la plaça que dineros en el arca. - -[201] Cada hum dança como tem os amigos na sala. - -[202] Naō se pode viver sem amigos. - - - - -CO-OPERATION. RECIPROCITY. SUBORDINATION. - - - =One beats the bush and another catches the birds.= - -_Sic vos non vobis._ The proverb is derived from an old way of fowling -by torchlight in the winter nights. A man walks along a lane, carrying -a bush smeared with birdlime and a lighted torch. He is preceded by -another, who beats the hedges on both sides and starts the birds, -which, flying towards the light, are caught by the limed twigs. An -imprudent use of this proverb by the Duke of Bedford, regent of -France during the minority of our Henry VI., has given it historical -celebrity. When the English were besieging Orleans, the Duke of -Burgundy, their ally, intimated his desire that the town, when taken, -should be given over to him. The regent replied, "Shall I beat the bush -and another take the bird? No such thing." These words so offended the -duke that he deserted the English at a time when they had the greatest -need of his help to resist the efforts of Charles VII. - -Here the proverb was used to imply an unfair division of spoil, or what -was called, in the duchy of Bretagne, "A Montgomery distribution--all -on one side, and nothing on the other."[203] (The powerful family of -Montgomery were in the habit of taking the lion's share.) It may also -be applied to the manner in which confederates play into each other's -hands. "The dog that starts the hare is as good as the one that catches -it" (German).[204] - - =The receiver is as bad as the thief.= - -"He sins as much who holds the sack as he who puts into it" -(French).[205] "He who holds the ladder is as bad as the burglar" -(German).[206] - - =Lie for him and he'll swear for you.= - - =Speir at Jock Thief if I be a leal man.=--_Scotch._ - -"Ask my comrade, who is as great a liar as myself" (French).[207] - - =The lion had need of the mouse.= - -The grateful mouse in the fable rescued her benefactor from the toils -by gnawing the cords. "Soon or late the strong needs the help of the -weak" (French).[208] "Every ten years one man has need of another" -(Italian).[209] - - =Two to one are odds at football.= - -"Not Hercules himself could resist such odds" (Latin).[210] "Three -helping each other are as good as six" (Spanish).[211] "Three brothers, -three castles" (Italian).[212] "Three, if they unite against a town, -will ruin it" (Arab). - - =When two ride the same horse one must ride behind.= - -And, furthermore, he must be content to journey as the foremost -man pleases. "He who rides behind does not saddle when he will" -(Spanish).[213] The question of precedence is settled in this case by -another English proverb:-- - - =He that hires the horse must ride before.= - -The man who hires or owns the horse is Capital, and Labour must ride -behind him. In other cases the question will often have to be decided -by force. - - =You stout and I stout, who shall carry the dirt out?= - -"You a lady, I a lady, who is to drive out the sow?" (Gallegan).[214] - - =Tarry breeks pays no fraught.=--_Scotch._ - - =Pipers don't pay fiddlers.= - -"One barber shaves another" (French).[215] "One hand washes the other" -(Greek).[216] "One ass scratches another" (Latin).[217] - - =Ka me, ka thee.=--_Scotch._ - - =Turn about is fair play.= - - =Giff-gaff is good fellowship.= - - =Like master like man.= - -"The beadle of the parish is always of the opinion of his reverence the -vicar" (French).[218] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[203] Partage de Montgomery--tout d'un coté, rien de l'autre; like -"Irish reciprocity, all on one side." - -[204] Der Hund, der den Hasen ausspürt, ist so gut wie der ihn fängt. - -[205] Autant pèche celui qui tient le sac que celui qui met dedans. - -[206] Wer die Leiter hält, ist so schuldig wie der Dieb. - -[207] Demandez-le à mon compagnon, qui est aussi menteur que moi. - -[208] - - Ou tôt ou tard, ou près ou loin, - Le fort du faible a besoin. - -[209] Ogni dieci anni un uomo ha bisogno dell' altro. - -[210] Ne Hercules contra duos. - -[211] Ayudándose tres, para peso de seis. - -[212] Tre fratelli, tre castelli. - -[213] Quien tras otro cabalga, no ensella quando quiere. - -[214] Vos dona, yo dona, quen botará a porca foro? - -[215] Un barbier rase l'autre. - -[216] Χειρ χειρα νιπτει. - -[217] Asinus asinum fricat. - -[218] Le bedeau de la paroisse est toujours de l'avis de monsieur le -curé. - - - - -LUCK. FORTUNE. MISFORTUNE. - - - =Luck is all.= - -A desperate doctrine, based on that one-sided view of human affairs -which is expressed in Byron's parody of a famous passage in Addison's -_Cato_:-- - - "'Tis not in mortals to command success; - But do you more, Sempronius--_don't_ deserve it; - And take my word you'll have no jot the less." - -"The worst pig gets the best acorn" (Spanish).[219] "A good bone -never falls to a good dog" (French);[220] and "The horses eat oats -that don't earn them" (German).[221] But this last proverb has also -another application. "Other rules may vary," says Sydney Smith, "but -this is the only one you will find without exception--that in this -world the salary or reward is always in the inverse ratio of the duties -performed." - - =The more rogue the more luck.= - - =The devil's children have the devil's luck.= - -But their prosperity is false and fleeting. "The devil's meal runs half -to bran" (French).[222] - - =God sends fools fortune.= - -It is to this version of the Latin adage, _Fortuna favet fatuis_ -("Fortune favours fools"), that _Touchstone_ alludes in his reply to -_Jacques_:-- - - "'No, sir,' quoth he; - 'Call me not fool till Heaven hath sent me fortune.'" - -The Spaniards express this popular belief by a striking figure: "The -mother of God appears to fools."[223] The Germans say, "Fortune and -women are fond of fools;"[224] and the converse of this holds good -likewise, since "Fortune makes a fool of him whom she too much favours" -(Latin);[225] and so do women sometimes. When we consider how much what -is called success in life depends on getting into one of "the main -grooves of human affairs," we can account for the common remark that -blockheads thrive better in the world than clever people, and that -"Jack gets on by his stupidity" (German).[226] It is all the difference -of going by railway and walking over a ploughed field, whether you -adopt common courses or set up one for yourself"--which is most likely -to be done by people of superior abilities. "You will see * * * * most -inferior persons highly placed in the army, in the church, in office, -at the bar. They have somehow got upon the line, and have moved on -well, with very little original motive powers of their own. Do not let -this make you talk as if merit were utterly neglected in these or other -professions--only that getting well into the groove will frequently do -instead of any great excellence."[227] With this explanation we are -prepared to admit that there is some reason in the Spanish adage, "God -send you luck, my son, and little wit will serve your turn."[228] - - =It is better to be lucky than wise.= - - =It is better to be born lucky than rich.= - - =Hap and ha'penny is warld's gear eneuch.=--_Scotch._ - -"The lucky man's bitch litters pigs" (Spanish).[229] - - =Happy go lucky.= - - =The happy [lucky] man canna be harried.=--_Scotch._ - -The lucky man cannot be ruined. Seeming disasters will often prove -to be signal strokes of good fortune for him. Such a man will have -cause to say, "The ox that tossed me threw me upon a good place" -(Spanish).[230] - - =He is like a cat, he always falls on his feet.= - - =Cast ye owre the house riggen, and ye'll fa' on your - feet.=--_Scotch._ - - =Give a man luck, and throw him into the sea.= - -"Pitch him into the Nile," say the Arabs, "and he will come up with a -fish in his mouth;" and the Germans, "If he threw up a penny on the -roof, down would come a dollar to him."[231] - - =What is worse than ill luck?= - - =An unhappy man's cart is eith to tumble.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, easily upset. It happens always to some people, as Coleridge -said of himself, to have their bread and butter fall on the buttered -side. An Irishman of this ill-starred class is commonly supposed to -have been the author of the saying,-- - - =He that is born under a threepenny planet will never be worth a - groat.= - - =If my father had made me a hatter men would have been born without - heads.= - -But the thought is not original in our language: an unlucky Arab -had long ago declared, "If I were to trade in winding-sheets no one -would die." A man of this stamp "Falls on his back and breaks his -nose" (French).[232] The Basques say of him, "Maggots breed in his -salt-box;" the Provençals, "He would sink a ship freighted with -crucifixes;" the Italians, "He would break his neck upon a straw."[233] - - =Misfortunes seldom come single.= - - =Misfortunes come by forties.=--_Welsh._ - - =Ill comes upon waur's back.=--_Scotch._ - -"Fortune is not content with crossing any man once," says Publius -Syrus.[234] "After losing, one loses roundly," say the French.[235] -The Spaniards have three remarkable proverbs to express the same -conviction:--"Whither goest thou, Misfortune? To where there is -more."[236] "Whither goest thou, Sorrow? Whither I am wont."[237] -"Welcome, Misfortune, if thou comest alone."[238] The Italian -equivalents are numerous: _e.g._, "One ill calls another."[239] "One -misfortune is the eve of another."[240] "A misfortune and a friar are -seldom alone."[241] - - =It can't rain but it pours.= - -Good fortune, as well as bad, is said to come in floods. "If the wind -blows it enters at every crevice" (Arab). - - =It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.= - -There is a local version of this proverb:-- - - =It is an ill wind that blows no good to Cornwall.= - -On the rock-bound coasts of that shire almost any wind brought gain -to the wreckers. We have seen it somewhere alleged that the general -proverb grew out of the local one; but this is certainly not the fact, -for the former exists in other languages. Its Italian equivalent[242] -agrees closely with it in form as well as in spirit. The French say, -"Misfortune is good for something;"[243] the Spaniards, "There is no -ill but comes for good;"[244] and, "I broke my leg, perhaps for my -good."[245] - - =Our worst misfortunes are those that never befall us.= - -"Never give way to melancholy: nothing encroaches more. I fight -vigorously. One great remedy is to take short views of life. Are you -happy now? Are you likely to remain so till this evening? or next week? -or next month? or next year? Then why destroy present happiness by a -distant misery which may never come at all, or you may never live to -see? For every substantial grief has twenty shadows, and most of them -shadows of your own making."--_Sydney Smith._ - - =Ye're fleyed [frightened] o' the day ye ne'er saw.=--_Scotch._ - - =You cry out before you are hurt.= - - =Never yowl till you're hit.=--_Ulster._ - - =Let your trouble tarry till its own day comes.= - - =Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.= - -In French, "À chaque jour suffit sa peine," words which were frequently -in Napoleon's mouth at St. Helena. An Eastern proverb says, "He is -miserable once who feels it, but twice who fears it before it comes." - - =When bale is highest, boot is nighest.= - -"Bale" is obsolete as a substantive, but retains a place in current -English as the root of the adjective "baleful." The proverb means that - - =When the night's darkest the day's nearest.= - - =The darkest hour is that before dawn.= - - =When things come to the worst they'll mend.= - -They must change, for that is the law of nature, and any change in them -must be for the better. Thus, "By dint of going wrong all will come -right" (French).[246] "Ill is the eve of well" (Italian);[247] and "It -is at the narrowest part of the defile that the valley begins to open" -(Persian). "When the tale of bricks is doubled Moses comes" (Hebrew). - - =He that's down, down with him.= - -Such is the way of the world--"the oppressed oppressing." "Him -that falls all the world run over" (German).[248] "He that has ill -luck gets ill usage" (Old French).[249] "All bite the bitten dog" -(Portuguese).[250] "When a dog is drowning everybody brings him drink" -(French).[251] - - =Knock a man down, and kick him for falling.= - -A sort of treatment like what they call in France "The custom of -Lorris: the beaten pay the fine."[252] It was enacted by the charter -of Lorris in the Orléanais, conferred by Philip the Fair, that any man -claiming to have money due to him from another, but unable to produce -proof of the debt, might challenge the alleged debtor to a judicial -combat with fists. The beaten combatant had judgment given against him, -which always included a fine to the lord of the manor. - - =The puir man is aye put to the warst.=--_Scotch._ - -"The ill-clad to windward" (French).[253] - - =The weakest goes to the wall=, - -which is the worst place in a crowd and a crush. Also, - - =Where the dyke is lowest men go over=. - -"Where the dam is lowest the water first runs over" (Dutch).[254] -People overrun and oppress those who are least able to resist. - - =When the tree falls every man goes with his hatchet.= - -"When the tree is down everybody gathers wood" (Latin).[255] "If my -beard is burnt, others try to light their pipes at it" (Turkish). - - =Where the carcass is, the eagles will be gathered together.= - -"'We are, then, irremediably ruined, Mr. Oldbuck?' (The speaker is Miss -Wardour, in the 'Antiquary.') - -"'Irremediably? I hope not; but the instant demand is very large, and -others will doubtless pour in.' - -"'Ay, never doubt that, Monkbarns,' said Sir Arthur; 'where the -slaughter is, the eagles will be gathered together. I am like a sheep -which I have seen fall down a precipice, or drop down from sickness: -if you had not seen a single raven or hooded crow for a fortnight -before, he will not be on the heather ten minutes before half a dozen -will be pecking out his eyes (and he drew his hand over his own), and -tearing out his heart-strings before the poor devil has time to die.'" - - =Put your finger in the fire and say it was your fortune.=--_Scotch._ - -Blame yourself only for the consequences of your own folly. Edgar, in -_Lear_, says, "This is the excellent foppery of the world! That when we -are sick in fortune we make guilty of our disasters, the sun, the moon, -and the stars: as if we were villains on necessity; fools by heavenly -compulsion; knaves, thieves, and treachers, by spherical predominance; -drunkards, liars, and adulterers, by a forced obedience of planetary -influence; and all that we are evil in by a divine thrusting on: an -admirable evasion!" - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[219] Al mas ruin puerco la mejor bellota. - -[220] À un bon chien n'échet jamais un bon os. - -[221] Die Rosse fressen den Haber die ihn nicht verdienen. - -[222] La farine du diable s'en va moitié en son. - -[223] A los bobos se les aparece la madre de Dios. - -[224] Glück und Weiber haben die Narren lieb. - -[225] Fortuna nimium quem favet stultum facit. - -[226] Hans kommt durch seine Dummheit fort. - -[227] "Companions of my Solitude." - -[228] Ventura te dé Dios, hijo, que poco saber te basta. - -[229] A quien Dios quiere bien, la perra le pare lechones. - -[230] El buey que me acornó, en buen lugar me echó. - -[231] Würf er einen Groschen aufs Dach, fiel ihm ein Thaler herunter. - -[232] Il tombe sur le dos, et se casse le nez. - -[233] Si romperebbe il collo in un filo de paglia. - -[234] Fortuna obesse nulli contenta est semel. - -[235] Après perdre, perd-on bien. - -[236] Adonde vas, mal? Adonde mas hay. - -[237] Ado vas, duelo? Ado suelo. - -[238] Bien vengas, mal, si vienes solo. - -[239] Un mal chiama l'otro. - -[240] Un mal è la vigilia dell' altro. - -[241] Un male e un frate di rado soli. - -[242] Cattivo è quel vento che a nessuno è prospero. - -[243] À quelque chose malheur est bon. - -[244] No hay mal que por bien no venga. - -[245] Quebreme el pie, quiza por bien. - -[246] À force de mal aller tout ira bien. - -[247] Il male è la vigilia del bene. - -[248] Wer da fällt, über ihm laufen alle Welt. - -[249] À qui il meschet, on lui meffaict. - -[250] Ao caõ mordido, todos o mordem. - -[251] Quand le chien se noye, tout le monde lui porte à boire. - -[252] Coutume de Lorrie: les battus payent l'amende. - -[253] Les mal vêtus devers le vent. - -[254] Waar de dam het langst is, loopt het water het eerst over. - -[255] Arbore dejectâ quivis colligit ligna. - - - - -FORETHOUGHT. CARE. CAUTION. - - - =Look before you leap.= - - =Don't buy a pig in a poke.= - -A poke is a pouch or bag. This word, which is still current in the -northern counties of England, corresponds to the French _poche_, as -"pocket" does to the diminutive, _pochette_. _Bouge_ and _bougette_ are -other forms of the same word; and from these we get "budget," which, -curiously enough, has gone back from us to its original owners with a -newly-acquired meaning, for the French Minister of Finance presents his -annual Budget like our own Chancellor of the Exchequer. The French say, -_Acheter chat en poche_: "To buy a cat in a poke," or game bag; and the -meaning of that proverb is explained by this other one, "To buy a cat -for a hare."[256] So also the Dutch,[257] the Italian,[258] &c. The pig -of the English proverb is chosen for the sake of the alliteration at -some sacrifice of sense. - - =No safe wading in unknown waters.= - -Therefore, "Swim on, and trust them not" (French).[259] "Who sees not -the bottom, let him not pass the water" (Italian).[260] - - =Beware of had I wist.= - - ="Had I wist," quoth the fool.= - -"It is the part of a fool to say, 'I should not have thought it'" -(Latin).[261] - - =Stretch your arm no farther than your sleeve will reach.= - - =Never put out your arm further than you can easily draw it back again.= - -Cautious Nicol Jarvie attributes to neglect of this rule the commercial -difficulties of his correspondent, Mr. Osbaldistone, "a gude honest -gentleman; but I aye said he was ane of them wad make a spune or spoil -a horn." Perhaps it is to ridicule the folly of attempting things -beyond the reach of our powers that the Germans tell us, "Asses sing -badly because they pitch their voices too high."[262] - - =Measure twice, cut but once.= - -An irrevocable set should be well considered beforehand. Dean Trench -quotes this as a Russian proverb, but it is to be found in James -Kelly's Scottish collection, and is common to many European languages. - - =Second thoughts are best.= - -Therefore it is well to "take counsel of one's pillow." "The morning -is wiser than the evening" (Russian), sometimes because--in Russia -especially--the evening is drunk and the morning is sober, but -generally because the night affords time for reflection. "The night -brings counsel" (French, Latin, German).[263] "Night is the mother of -thoughts" (Italian).[264] "Sleep upon it, and you will take counsel" -(Spanish).[265] - - =Raise nae mair deils than ye can lay.=--_Scotch._ - - =Do not rip up old sores.= - -"Nor stir up an evil that has been fairly buried" (Latin).[266] - - =Don't wake a sleeping dog.= - -"When misfortune sleeps let no one wake her" (Spanish).[267] - - =To lock the stable door when the steed is stolen.= - -"The wise Italians," says Poor Richard [Benjamin Franklin], "make -this proverbial remark on our nation--'The English feel, but they -do not see;' that is, they are sensible of inconveniences when they -are present, but do not take sufficient care to prevent them; their -natural courage makes them too little apprehensive of danger, so that -they are often surprised by it unprovided with the proper means of -security. When it is too late they are sensible of their imprudence. -After great fires they provide buckets and engines; after a pestilence -they think of keeping clean their streets and common sewers; and -when a town has been sacked by their enemies they provide for its -defence," &c. Other nations have their share of this after-wisdom, -as their proverbs testify: _e.g._, "To cover the well when the child -is drowned" (German).[268] "To stop the hole when the mischief is -done" (Spanish).[269] "When the head is broken the helmet is put on" -(Italian).[270] The Chinese give this good advice: "Dig a well before -you are thirsty." Be prepared for contingencies. - - =Be bail and pay for it.= - - =Afttimes the cautioner pays the debt.=--_Scotch._ - -"He that becomes responsible pays" (French).[271] "Whoso would know -what he is worth let him never be a surety" (Italian).[272] - - =In trust is treason.= - -"In this world," said Lord Halifax, "men must be saved by their want -of faith." "He will never prosper who readily believes" (Latin).[273] -"Trust was a good man; Trust not was a better" (Italian).[274] - - =He should hae a lang-shafted spune that sups kail wi' the - deil.=--_Scotch._ - - =A fidging [skittish] mare should be weel girthed.=--_Scottish._ - -A cunning, tricky fellow should be dealt with very cautiously. "A -thief does not always thieve, but be always on your guard against him" -(Russian). - - =Fast bind, fast find.= - -Shylock adds, "A proverb never stale to thrifty mind." "Who ties well, -unties well" (Spanish).[275] "Better is a turn of the key than a -friar's conscience" (Spanish).[276] - - =Grin when ye bind, and laugh when ye loose.=--_Scotch._ - -Tie the knot tightly, grin with the effort of pulling, and when you -come to untie it you will smile with satisfaction, finding it has kept -all safe. - - =Quoth the young cock, "I'll neither meddle nor make."= - -He had seen the old cock's neck wrung for taking part with his master, -and the hen's for taking part with his dame. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[256] Acheter le chat pour le lièvre. - -[257] Een kat in een zak koopen. - -[258] Non comprar gatta in sacco. - -[259] Nage toujours, et ne t'y fie pas. - -[260] Chi non vede il fondo, non passa l'acqua. - -[261] Stulti est dicere non putârim. - -[262] Esel singen schlecht, weil sie zu hoch anstimmen. - -[263] La nuit porte conseil. In nocte consilium. Guter Rath kommt über -Nacht. - -[264] La notte è la madre di piensieri. - -[265] Dormireis sobre ello, y tomareis acuerdo. - -[266] Malum bene conditum ne moveris. - -[267] Quando la mala ventura se duerme, nadie la despierte. - -[268] Den Brunnen decken so das Kind ertrunken ist. - -[269] Recebido ya el daño, atapar el horado. - -[270] Rotta la testa, se mette la celata. - -[271] Qui répond, paye. - -[272] Qui vuol saper quel che il suo sia, non faccia mai malleveria. - -[273] Nequaquam recte faciet qui cito credit. - -[274] Fidati era un buon uomo. Nontifidare era meglio. - -[275] Quien bien ata, bien desata. - -[276] Mas val vuelta de clave que conciencia de frate. - - - - -PATIENCE. FORTITUDE. PERSEVERANCE. - - - =Patience and posset drink cure all maladies.= - - =Patience is a plaster for all sores.= - -We trace this proverb in an exquisite passage from "honest old Decker," -as Hazlitt fondly calls him. - - "_Duke._ What comfort do you find in being so calm? - - _Candido._ That which green wounds receive from sovereign balm. - Patience, my lord! why, 'tis the soul of peace; - Of all the virtues 'tis nearest kin to heaven: - It makes men look gods. The best of men - That e'er wore earth about him was a sufferer, - A soft, meek, patient, humble, tranquil spirit-- - The first true gentleman that ever breathed. - The stock of patience, then, cannot be poor; - All it desires it has: what award more? - It is the greatest enemy to strife - That can be, for it doth embrace all wrongs, - And so chains up lawyers' and women's tongues. - 'Tis the perpetual prisoner's liberty-- - His walks and orchards; 'tis the bondslave's freedom, - And makes him seem proud of his iron chain, - As though he wore it more for state than pain; - It is the beggar's music, and thus sings-- - Although their bodies beg, their souls are kings. - O my dread liege! it is the sap of bliss - Bears us aloft, makes men and angels kiss; - And last of all, to end a household strife, - It is the honey 'gainst a waspish wife." - -"Patience, time, and money overcome everything" (Italian).[277] "He -who does not tire, tires adversity" (French).[278] "A stout heart -breaks ill luck" (Spanish).[279] "The remedy for hard times is to have -patience" (Arab). - - =Blaw the wind ne'er sae fast, it will lown at the last.=--_Scotch._ - - =After a storm comes a calm.= - -"After rain comes fine weather" (French).[280] - - =The longest day will have an end.= - - =Time and the hour run through the longest day.= - - =Be the day ne'er so long, at last comes even song.=[281] - -"The day will be long, but there will be an end to it,"[282] said -Damiens of that dreadful day which was to witness his death by tortures -which are the eternal disgrace of the French monarchy. - - =When one door shuts another opens.= - -When baffled in one direction a man of energy will not despair, but -will find another way to his object. - - =There is more than one yew bow in Chester.= - - =A' the keys of the country hang na in ae belt.=--_Scotch._ - - "There are hills beyond Pentland, and streams beyond Forth; - If there's lairds in the lowlands, there's chiefs in the north; - There are wild duinewassels three thousand times three, - Will cry hoich for the bonnet of Bonny Dundee!" - - =It is a sore battle from which none escape.= - -One may suffer a great loss, and yet not be totally ruined. - - =There's as good fish in the sea as ever was caught.= - -A consolatory reflection for those who have missed a good haul. The -question is, will they have industry and skill to do better another -time? "If I have lost the rings, here are the fingers still," is a -stout-hearted saying of the Italians and Spaniards.[283] - - =He that weel bides weel betides.=--_Scotch._ - -He that waits patiently comes off well at last, for "All comes right -for him who can wait" (French).[284] "Sit down and dangle your legs, -and you will see your revenge" (Italian);[285] that is, time will bring -you reparation and satisfaction. "The world is his who has patience" -(Italian).[286] "The world belongs to the phlegmatic" (Italian).[287] -"Have patience, Cossack; thou wilt come to be hetman" (Russian). - - =Set a stout heart to a stae brae [a steep hill side].=--_Scotch._ - - =Set hard heart against hard hap.= - -Go about a difficult business resolutely; confront adversity with -fortitude. - - "Tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito - Quam tua te fortuna sinit." - -That you may not be easily discouraged, the French remind you that "One -may go far after he is tired."[288] - - =He that tholes [endures] overcomes.=--_Scotch._ - - =The toughest skin holds longest out.=--_Cumberland._ - -"He conquers who sticks in his saddle" (Italian).[289] "Hard pounding, -gentlemen," said Wellington at Waterloo; "but we will see who will -pound the longest." "Perseverance kills the game" (Spanish).[290] - - =Constant dropping wears the stone.=[291] - - =A mouse in time may bite in two a cable.= - -"With time and straw medlars ripen" (French).[292] "With time a -mulberry leaf becomes satin" (Chinese). - - =A rolling stone gathers no moss.= - -This is an exact rendering of an ancient Greek adage, which is repeated -with little variation in most modern languages. The Italians say, "A -tree often transplanted is never loaded with fruit."[293] - - =A man may bear till his back breaks.= - - =All lay load on the willing horse.= - -Patience may be abused. "Through much enduring come things that cannot -be endured" (Latin).[294] "Make thyself a sheep, and the wolf is ready" -(Russian). "Make yourself an ass, and you'll have every man's sack on -your back" (German).[295] "If you let them lay the calf on your back -it will not be long before they clap on the cow" (Italian).[296] "Who -lets one sit on his shoulders shall presently have him sit on his head" -(German).[297] "The horse that pulls at the collar is always getting -the whip" (French).[298] - - =Daub yourself with honey, and you'll be covered with flies.= - -"The gentle ewe is sucked by every lamb" (Italian).[299] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[277] Pazienza, tempo e denari vincono ogni cosa. - -[278] Qui ne se lasse pas lasse l'adversité. - -[279] Buen corazon quebranta mala ventura. - -[280] Après la pluie vient le beau temps. - -[281] Il n'est si long jour qui ne vienne à vêpres. Non vien di che non -venga sera. - -[282] La journée sera longue, mais elle finira. - -[283] Se ben ho perso l'anello, ho pur anche le dite. Si se perdieron -los anillos, aqui quedaron los dedillos. - -[284] Tout vient à point à qui sait attendre. - -[285] Siedi e sgambetta, vedrai la tua vendetta. - -[286] Il mondo è di chi ha pazienza. - -[287] Il mondo è dei flemmatici. - -[288] On va loin après qu'on est las. - -[289] Vince chi riman in sella. - -[290] Porfia mata la caza. - -[291] Gutta cavat lapidem non vi sed sæpe cadendo. - -[292] Avec du temps et de la paille les nèfles mûrissent. - -[293] Albero spesso traspiantato mai di frutti è caricato. - -[294] Patiendo multa veniunt quæ neques pati.--_Publius Syrus._ - -[295] Wer sich zum Esel macht, dem will jeder seinen Sack auflegen. - -[296] Se ti lasci metter in spalla il vitello, quindi a poco ti -metteran la vacca. - -[297] Wer sich auf der Achsel sitzen lässt, dem sitzt man nachher auf -dem Kopf. - -[298] On touche toujours sur le cheval qui tire. - -[299] Pecora mansueta d'ogni agnello è tettata. - - - - -INDUSTRY AND IDLENESS. - - - =No pains, no gains.= - - =No sweat, no sweet.= - - =No mill, no meal.= - -From the Latin, "Qui vitat molam, vitat farinam." "To stop the hand is -the way to stop the mouth" (Chinese). - - =He that wad eat the kernel maun crack the nut.=--_Scotch._ - - =He that gapes till he be fed will gape till he be dead.= - - =Naethin is got without pains but dirt and lang nails.=--_Scotch._ - -"Good luck enters by dint of cuffs" (Spanish).[300] Success in life is -only to be won by hard striving. - - "The nimble runner courses Fortune down, - And then he banquets, for she feeds the brave." - - =An idle brain's the deil's smiddy.=--_Scotch._ - - =An idle brain's the devil's workshop.= - -"By doing nothing we learn to do mischief" (Latin).[301] "He that -labours is tempted by one devil, he that is idle by a thousand" -(Italian).[302] - - =Idle dogs worry sheep.= - - =Sloth is the key of poverty.= - - =Lazy folks take the most pains.= - -"The dog in the kennel barks at his fleas; the dog that hunts does not -feel them" (Chinese). - - =Who so busy as he that has nothing to do?= - -The Italians compare such a one to a pig's tail that is going all day, -and by night has done nothing. - - =Seldom lies the deil dead by the dyke side.=--_Scotch._ - -You are not to expect that difficulties and dangers will vanish without -any effort of your own. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[300] A puñadas entran las buenas hadas. - -[301] Nihil agendo male agere discimus. - -[302] Chi fatica è tentato da un demonio, chi sta in ozio da mille. - - - - -THRIFT. - - - =Cut your coat according to your cloth.= - -Let your expenditure be proportioned to your means. "Let every one -stretch his leg according to his coverlet" (Spanish).[303] "According -to the arm be the blood-letting" (French).[304] "Meditating upon -general improvement, I often think a great deal about the climate -in these parts of the world; and I see that, without much husbandry -of our means and resources, it is difficult for us to be anything -but low barbarians. The difficulty of living at all in a cold, damp, -destructive climate is great. Socrates went about with very scanty -clothing, and men praise his wisdom in caring so little for the goods -of this life. He ate sparingly, and of mean food. That is not the way, -I suspect, that we can make a philosopher here. There are people who -would deride me for saying this, and would contend that it gives too -much weight to worldly things. But I suspect they are misled by notions -borrowed from eastern climates. Here we must make prudence one of the -substantial virtues."--(_Companions of my Solitude._) - - =A good bargain is a pickpurse.= - -Buy what you have no need of, and ere long you will sell your -necessaries. "At a good bargain bethink you" (Italian).[305] "What is -not needed is dear at a farthing" (Latin).[306] This very sensible -proverb was bequeathed to us by the elder Cato; and a wiser man than -Cato--Sydney Smith--has said, "If you want to make much of a small -income, always ask yourself these two questions: first, do I really -want it? secondly, can I do without it? These two questions, answered -honestly, will double your fortune." - - =Silks and satins, scarlet and velvets, put out the kitchen fire.= - - =Fools make feasts, and wise men eat them.= - -One of the neatest repartees ever made was that which Shaftesbury -administered at the feast at which he entertained the Duke of York -(James II.). He overheard Lauderdale whispering the duke, "Fools make -feasts, and wise men eat them." Ere the sound of the last word had -died away, Shaftesbury, responding both to the words and the sense, -said, "Witty men make jests, and fools repeat them." "A fat kitchen has -poverty for a neighbour" (Italian).[307] "A fat kitchen, a lean will" -(German).[308] - - =Waste not, want not.= - - =Wilful waste makes woeful want.= - - =A small leak will sink a great ship.= - - =Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.= - - =A fool and his money are soon parted.= - - =He that gets his gear before his wit will be short while master of - it.=--_Scotch._ - - =Gear is easier gained than guided.= - - =A fool may make money, but it needs a wise man to spend it.= - -"Men," says Fielding (and he was an example of the truth he asserted), -"do not become rich by what they get, but by what they keep." "Saving -is the first gain" (Italian).[309] "Better is rule than rent" -(French).[310] - - =A penny saved is a penny got.= - - =The best is cheapest.= - -"One cannot have a good pennyworth of bad ware" (French).[311] "Much -worth never cost little" (Spanish).[312] "Cheap bargains are dear" -(Spanish).[313] - - =Misers' money goes twice to market.= - - =Keep a thing seven years and you'll find a use for it.= - - =Store is no sore.=[314] - -"He that buys by the pennyworth keeps his own house and another man's" -(Italian).[315] Partly for this reason it is that - - =A poor man's shilling is but a penny.= - - =A toom [empty] pantry makes a thriftless gudewife.=--_Scotch._ - - =Bare walls make giddy housewives.=[316] - - =All is not gain that is put into the purse.= - - =What the goodwife spares the cat eats.= - - =There was a wife that kept her supper for her breakfast, an' she was - dead or day.=--_Scotch._ - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[303] Cada uno estiende la pierna como tiene la cubierta. - -[304] Selon le bras la saignée. - -[305] A buona derrata pensavi su. - -[306] Quod non opus est, asse carum est. - -[307] A grassa cucina povertà è vicina. - -[308] Fette Küche, magere Erbschaft. - -[309] Lo sparagno è lo primo guadagno. - -[310] Mieux vaut règle que rente. - -[311] On n'a jamais bon marché de mauvaise marchandise. - -[312] Nunca mucho costó poco. - -[313] Lo barato es caro. - -[314] Abondance de bien ne nuit pas. - -[315] Chi vive a minuto fa le spese a' suoi e agli altri. - -[316] Vuides chambres font folles dames. - - - - -MODERATION. EXCESS. - - - =Enough is enough of bread and cheese.= - - =Enough is as good as a feast.= - -"A bird can roost but on one branch; a mouse can drink no more than its -fill from a river" (Chinese). "He is rich enough who does not want" -(Italian).[317] But the difficulty is to determine to a nicety the -point at which there is neither want nor surplus. Practically there is -no such point, however it may exist in theory; for - - =There's never enough where nought is left.= - - =Of enough men leave.= - -Where all is eaten up it is pretty certain that the commons were but -short. "There is not enough if there is not too much" (French).[318] -Beaumarchais makes Figaro, in speaking of love, to utter the -charming hyperbole which has passed into a proverb, "Too much is not -enough."[319] Even without being in love, everybody must agree with -Voltaire in considering - - "Le superflu, chose très nécessaire." - - =Better leave than lack.= - - =All covet, all lose.= - - =Covetousness brings nothing home.= - -"It bursts the bag" (Italian).[320] Like the dog in the fable, it -grasps at the shadow, and lets fall the substance. "He that embraces -too much holds nothing fast" (Italian, French).[321] A statue was -erected to Buffon in his lifetime, with the inscription, _Naturam -amplectitur omnem_ ("He embraces all nature"). Somebody remarked upon -this, "He that embraces too much," &c. Buffon heard of the sarcasm, and -had the inscription obliterated. - - =It is hard for a greedy eye to hae a leal heart.=--_Scotch._ - -Covetousness is scarcely consistent with honesty. - - =Much would have more.= - - =A greedy eye never had a fu' weam [belly].=--_Scotch._ - -"The dust alone can fill the eye of man" (Arab); _i.e._, the dust of -the grave can alone extinguish the lust of the eye and the cupidity -of man. Among the Arabs, the phrase, "His eye is full," signifies he -possesses every object of his desire. The Germans say, "Greed and the -eye can no man fill."[322] The Scotch say of a covetous person,-- - - =He'll get enough ae day when his mouth's fu' o' mools [mould].= - - =The greedy man and the gileynoar [cheat] are soon agreed.=--_Scotch._ - -"The sharper soon cheats the covetous man" (Spanish).[323] - - =The grace of God is gear enough=.--_Scotch._ - -This is the northern form of the proverb which Launcelot Gobbo speaks -of as being well parted between Bassanio and Shylock. "You [Bassanio] -have the grace of God, and he [Shylock] has enough." - - =Too much is stark nought.=--_Welsh._ - - =Too much of one thing is good for nothing.= - -"One may be surfeited with eating tarts" (French).[324] "Nothing too -much!" (Latin.)[325] - - =Better a wee fire to warm us than a meikle fire to burn us.=--_Scotch._ - -It is better to be content with a moderate fortune than attempt to -increase it at the risk of being ruined. "Give me the ass that carries -me, rather than the horse that throws me" (Portuguese).[326] - - =Little sticks kindle a fire, but great ones put it out.= - - =Fair and softly goes far in a day.= - - =Hooly and fairly men ride far journeys.=--_Scotch._ - -"Who goes softly goes safely, and who goes safely goes far" -(Italian).[327] "Take-it-easy and Live-long are brothers" (German).[328] - - =Fools' haste is no speed.= - - =The more haste the worse speed.= - -This seems to be derived from the Latin adage, _Festinatio tarda -est_ ("Haste is slow"). It defeats its own purpose by the blunders -and imperfect work it occasions. A favourite saying of the Emperors -Augustus and Titus was, _Festina lente_ ("Hasten leisurely"), which -Erasmus calls the king of adages. The Germans have happily translated -it,[329] and it is well paraphrased in that saying of Sir Amyas Paulet, -"Tarry a little, that we may make an end the sooner." A thing is done -"Fast enough if well enough" (Latin).[330] - - =Naething in haste but gripping o' fleas.=--_Scotch._ - - =Nothing should be done in haste except catching fleas.= - - =Haste trips up its own heels.= - -"He that goes too hastily along often stumbles on a fair road" -(French).[331] "Reason lies between the bridle and the spur" -(Italian).[332] - - =Draw not your bow till your arrow is fixed.= - - =He that rides ere he be ready wants some o' his graith.=--_Scotch._ - -He leaves some of his accoutrements behind him. Perhaps one reason why -"It is good to have a hatch before your door" is, that it may act as -a check upon such unprofitable haste. Sydney Smith adopted a similar -expedient, which he called a _screaming gate_. "We all arrived once," -he said, "at a friend's house just before dinner, hot, tired, and -dusty--a large party assembled--and found all the keys of our trunks -had been left behind. Since then I have established a screaming gate. -We never set out on our journey now without stopping at a gate about -ten minutes' distance from the house, to consider what we have left -behind. The result has been excellent." - - =Two hungry meals make the third a glutton.= - -Excess in one direction induces excess in the opposite direction. - - =Soft fire makes sweet malt.= - - =More flies are caught with a drop of honey than with a tun of vinegar.= - -"Gentleness does more than violence" (French).[333] "The gentle calf -sucks all the cows" (Portuguese).[334] - - =Ower hot, ower cauld.=--_Scotch._ - -"It may be a fire--on the morrow it will be ashes" (Arab). Violent -passions are apt to subside quickly. "Soon fire, soon ashes" (Dutch). - - =A man may love his house weel, and no ride on the riggin [roof] - o't.=--_Scotch._ - -No one will believe that he loves it the more for any such extravagant -demonstration. - - =Many irons in the fire, some will cool.= - - =Too many cooks spoil the broth.= - - =Ower mony greeves [overseers] hinder the wark.=--_Scotch._ - -"Too many tirewomen make the bride ill dressed" (Spanish).[335] "If the -sailors become too numerous the ship sinks" (Arab). - - =A bow o'erbent will weaken.= - - =All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.= - -"This nation, the northern part of it especially, is given to believe -in the sovereign efficacy of dulness. To be sure, dulness and solid -vice are apt to go hand in hand. But then, according to our notions, -dulness is in itself so good a thing--almost a religion. Now, if ever a -people required to be amused, it is we sad-hearted Anglo-Saxons. Heavy -eaters, hard thinkers, often given up to a peculiar melancholy of our -own, with a climate that for months together would frown away mirth if -it could--many of us with very gloomy thoughts about our hereafter. If -ever there were a people who should avoid increasing their dulness by -all work and no play, we are that people. 'They took their pleasure -sadly,' says Froissart, 'after their fashion.' We need not ask of what -nation Froissart was speaking."--(_Friends in Council._) - - =The mill that is always grinding grinds coarse and fine - together.=--_Irish._ - -"The pot that boils too much loses flavour" (Portuguese).[336] - - =Play's gude while it is play.=--_Scotch._ - -Beware of pushing it to that point at which it ceases to be play. -"Leave off the play (or jest) when it is merriest" (Spanish).[337] -Never let it degenerate into horse play. "Manual play is clowns' play" -(French).[338] - - =A man may make his own dog bite him.= - -It is not wise to overstrain authority, or to drive even the weakest or -most submissive to desperation. - - =A baited cat may grow as fierce as a lion.= - - =Put a coward on his mettle and he'll fight the devil.= - - =Make a bridge of gold for the flying enemy.= - - =Extremes meet.= - -A proverb of universal application in the physical as well as the moral -world. Every one knows the saying of Napoleon, "From the sublime to the -ridiculous is but a step." - - =Too far east is west.= - - =No feast to a miser's.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[317] Assai è rico a chi non manca. - -[318] Assez n'y a, si trop n'y a. - -[319] Trop n'est pas assez. - -[320] La codicia rompe il saco. - -[321] Chi troppo abbraccia, nulla stringe. Qui trop embrasse, mal -étreint. - -[322] Den Geiz und die Augen kann niemand füllen. - -[323] El tramposo presto engaña al codicioso. - -[324] On se saoule bien de manger tartes. - -[325] Ne quid nimis. - -[326] Mais quero asno que me leve que cavallo que me derrube. - -[327] Chi va piano, va sano, e chi va sano, va lontano. - -[328] Gehgemach und Lebelang sind Bruder. - -[329] Eile mit Weile. - -[330] Sat cito si sat bene. - -[331] Qui trop se hâte en cheminant, en beau chemin se fourvoye souvent. - -[332] Trà la briglia e lo speron consiste la raggion. - -[333] Plus fait douceur que violence. - -[334] Bezerrinha mansa todas as vaccas mamma. - -[335] Muchos componedores descomponen la novia. - -[336] Panella que muito ferve, o sabor perde. - -[337] A la burla, dejarla quando mas agrada. - -[338] Jeu de mains, jeu de vilains. - - - - -THOROUGHGOING. THE WHOLE HOG. - - - =In for a penny, in for a pound.= - - =As good be hanged for a sheep as a lamb.= - - =Ne'er go to the deil wi' a dishclout in your hand.=--_Scotch._ - - =Over shoes, over boots.= - -"There is nothing like being bespattered for making one defy the -slough" (French).[339] These proverbs are as true in their physical as -in their moral application. Persons who have ventured a little way will -venture further. Persons whose characters are already sullied will not -be very careful to preserve them from further discredit. When Madame -de Cornuel remonstrated with a court lady on certain improprieties -of conduct, the latter exclaimed, "Eh! madame, laissez-moi jouir -de ma mauvaise réputation" ("Do let me enjoy the benefit of my bad -reputation"). "It is the first shower that wets" (Italian).[340] "It -is all the same whether a man has both legs in the stocks or one" -(German).[341] Honest Launce "would have one that would be a dog -indeed, to be as it were a dog in all things." The author of _The -Romany Rye_ learned a practical illustration of this whole-hog doctrine -from an old ostler who had served in his youth at a small inn at -Hounslow, much patronised by highwaymen. - -"He said that when a person had once made up his mind to become a -highwayman his best policy was to go the whole hog, fearing nothing, -but making everybody afraid of him; that people never thought of -resisting a savage-faced, foul-mouthed highwayman, and if he were taken -were afraid to bear witness against him, lest he should get off and -cut their throats some time or other upon the roads; whereas people -would resist being robbed by a sneaking, pale-visaged rascal, and would -swear bodily against him on the first opportunity; adding that Abershaw -and Ferguson, two most awful fellows, had enjoyed a long career, -whereas two disbanded officers of the army, who wished to rob a coach -like gentlemen, had begged the passengers' pardon, and talked of hard -necessity, had been set upon by the passengers themselves, amongst whom -were three women, pulled from their horses, conducted to Maidstone, and -hanged with as little pity as such contemptible fellows deserved." - - =Neck or nothing, for the king loves no cripples.= - -Either break your neck or come off safe: broken limbs will make you a -less profitable subject. - - =Either a man or a mouse.= - -Either succeed or fail outright. _Aut Cæsar, aut nullus._ - - =Either win the horse or lose the saddle.= - - =Either make a spoon or spoil a horn.= - - =He that takes the devil into his boat must carry him over the sound.= - - =He that is embarked with the devil must make the passage along with - him.= - -"He that is at sea must either sail or sink" (Danish). "He that is at -sea has not the wind in his hands" (Dutch).[342] - - =Such things must be if we sell ale.= - -This was the good woman's reply to her husband when he complained of -the exciseman's too demonstrative gallantry. - - =If you would have the hen's egg you must bear with her cackling.= - - =The cat loves fish, but she is loath to wet her feet.= - -It is to this proverb that Lady Macbeth alludes when she upbraids her -husband for his irresolution:-- - - "Letting 'I dare not' wait upon 'I would,' - Like the poor cat in the adage." - -"There's no catching trouts with dry breeches" (Portuguese).[343] - - =Almost and hardly save many a lie.= - -"Perhaps hinders folk from lying" (French).[344] - - =Almost was never hanged.= - -"All but saves many a man" (Danish).[345] "Almost kills no man" -(Danish).[346] "Almost never killed a fly" (German);[347] for - - =An inch of a miss is as good as a mile.= - -This is the original reading of the proverb, and better than that which -is now more current: "A miss is as good as a mile." The French say, -"For a point Martin lost his ass,"[348] and thereby hangs a tale. An -ecclesiastic named Martin, Abbot of Asello, in Italy, wished to have -this Latin line inscribed over the gate of the abbey:-- - - PORTA PATENS ESTO. NULLI CLAUDARIS HONESTO. - - "Gate be open. Never be closed against an honest man." - -It was just the time when the long-forgotten art of punctuation was -beginning to be brought into use again. Abbot Martin was not skilled -in this art, and unfortunately he employed a copyist to whom it was -equally unknown. The consequence was, that the point which ought to -have followed the word _esto_ was placed after _nulli_, completely -changing the meaning of the line, thus:-- - - PORTA PATENS ESTO NULLI. CLAUDARIS HONESTO. - - "Gate be open never. Be closed against an honest man." - -The pope, being informed of this unseemly inscription, deposed Abbot -Martin, and gave the abbey to another. The new dignitary corrected the -punctuation of the unlucky line, and added the following one:-- - - UNO PRO PUNCTO CARUIT MARTINUS ASELLO. - -That is to say, "For a single point Martin lost his Asello." But -_Asello_, the name of the abbey, being Latin for _ass_, it happened, in -the most natural way in the world, that the line was translated thus: -"For a point Martin lost his ass," and this erroneous version passed -into a proverb. Other accounts of its origin have been given; but that -which we have here set down is confirmed by the fact that in Italy they -have also another reading of the proverb, namely, _Per un punto Martino -perse la cappa_ ("For a point Martin lost the cope"); that is, the -dignity of abbot typified in that vestment. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[339] Il n'est que d'être crotté pour affronter le bourbier. - -[340] La primiera pioggia è quel che bagna. - -[341] Mit beiden Beinen im Stock, oder mit Einem, ist gleichviel. - -[342] D'e op de zee is heeft de wind niet in zijn handen. - -[343] Naô se tomaô trutas a bragas enxutas. - -[344] Peut-être empêche les gens de mentir. - -[345] Nær hielper mangen Mand. - -[346] Nærved slaaer ingen Mand ihiel. - -[347] Beinahe bringt keine Mücke um. - -[348] Pour un point Martin perdit son âne. - - - - -WILL. INCLINATION. DESIRE. - - - =Where there's a will there's a way.= - - =A wight man ne'er wanted a weapon.=--_Scotch._ - -"A good knight is not at a loss for a lance" (Italian).[349] A man -of sense and resolution will make instruments of whatever comes to -his hands; and truly "He is not a good mason who refuses any stone" -(Italian).[350] "He that has a good head does not want for hats" -(French).[351] - - =Where the will is ready the feet are light.=[352] - -"The willing dancer is easily played to" (Servian).[353] "The will does -it" (German).[354] "A voluntary burden is no burden" (Italian).[355] - - "The labour we delight in physics pain." - -"A joyous heart spins the hemp" (Servian); and, as Autolycus sings,-- - - "A merry heart goes all the day, - Your sad tires in a mile-a." - - =One man may lead the horse to the water, but fifty can't make him - drink.= - -"You cannot make an ass drink if he is not thirsty" (French).[356] "It -is bad coursing with unwilling hounds" (Dutch).[357] "A thing done -perforce is not worth a rush" (Italian).[358] - - =None so deaf as he that will not hear.= - - =Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.= - -"Madame," said M. de Calonne to a lady who solicited his aid in a -certain affair, "if the thing is possible, it is done; and if it is -impossible, it shall be done."[359] - - =Good-will should be taken in part payment.= - - =Take the will for the deed.= - -"Gifts are as the givers" (German).[360] "The will gives the work its -name." "The will is the soul of the work" (German).[361] - - =Hell is paved with good intentions.= - -A great moral conveyed in a bold figure. What is the worth of virtuous -resolutions that never ripen into action? In the German version of -the proverb a slight change greatly improves the metaphor, thus: "The -way to perdition is paved with good intentions."[362] A Scotch proverb -warns the weak in will, who are always hoping to reform and do well, -that - - =Hopers go to hell.= - - =As the fool thinks, the bell tinks.= - -We are all prone to interpret facts and tokens in accordance with our -own inclinations and habits of thought. It was not the voice of the -bells that first inspired young Whittington with hopes of attaining -civic honours; it was because he had conceived such hopes already that -he was able to hear so distinctly the words, "Turn again, Whittington, -thrice Lord Mayor of London." "People make the bells say whatever they -have a mind" (French).[363] In a Latin sermon on widowhood by Jean -Raulin, a monk of Cluny of the fifteenth century, there is a story -which Rabelais has told again in his own way. Raulin's version is -this:-- - -A widow consulted her parish priest about her entering into a -second marriage. She told him she stood in need of a helpmate and -protector, and that her journeyman, for whom she had taken a fancy, -was industrious and well acquainted with her late husband's trade. -"Very well," said the priest, "you had better marry him." "And yet," -rejoined the widow, "I am afraid to do it, for who knows but I may -find my servant become my master?" "Well, then," said the priest, -"don't have him." "But what shall I do?" said the widow; "the business -left me by my poor dear departed husband is more than I can manage by -myself." "Marry him, then," said the priest. "Ay, but suppose he turns -out a scamp," said the widow; "he may get hold of my property, and run -through it all." "Don't have him," said the priest. Thus the dialogue -went on, the priest always agreeing in the last opinion expressed by -the widow, until at length, seeing that her mind was actually made -up to marry the journeyman, he told her to consult the church bells, -and they would advise her best what to do. The bells were rung, and -the widow heard them distinctly say, "Do take your man; do take your -man."[364] Accordingly she went home and married him forthwith; but it -was not long before he thrashed her soundly, and made her feel that -instead of his mistress she had become his servant. Back she went to -the priest, cursing the hour when she had been credulous enough to -act upon his advice. "Good woman," said he, "I am afraid you did not -rightly understand what the bells said to you." He rang them again, and -then the poor woman heard clearly, but too late, these warning words: -"Do not take him, do not take him."[365] - - =Wilful will do it.= - - =A wilfu' man maun hae his way.=--_Scotch._ - - =He that will to Cupar maun to Cupar.=--_Scotch._ - -Cupar is a town in Fife, and that is all that Scotch paræmiologists -condescend to tell us about it. I suppose there is some special reason -why insisting on going to Cupar above all other towns is a notable -proof of pig-headedness. - - =A wilful man never wanted woe.= - - =A wilfu' man should be unco' wise.=--_Scotch._ - -Since he chooses to rely on his own wisdom only. - - =Forbidden fruit is sweet.= - -"Sweet is the apple when the keeper is away" (Latin).[366] - - "Stolen sweets are always sweeter, - Stolen kisses much completer; - Stolen looks are nice in chapels; - Stolen, stolen be your apples!" - -So sings Leigh Hunt, translating from the Latin of Thomas Randolph. The -doctrine of these poets is as old as Solomon, who says, "Stolen waters -are sweet"--a sentence thus paraphrased in German: "Forbidden water is -Malmsey."[367] A story is told of a French lady, say Madame du Barry, -who happened once, by some extraordinary chance, to have nothing but -pure water to drink when very thirsty. She took a deep draught, and -finding in it what the Roman emperor had sighed for in vain--a new -pleasure--she cried out, "Ah! what a pity it is that drinking water is -not a sin!" - -"There is no pleasure but palls, and all the more if it costs nothing" -(Spanish).[368] "The sweetest grapes hang highest" (German).[369] "The -figs on the far side of the hedge are sweeter" (Servian). "Every fish -that escapes appears greater than it is" (Turkish). Upon the same -principle it is that what nature never intended a man to do is often -the very thing he particularly desires to do. "A man who can't sing is -always striving to sing" (Latin);[370] and generally "He who can't do, -always wants to do" (Italian).[371] - - =Forbid a fool a thing, and that he'll do.= - -Of course; and so will many a one who is otherwise no fool. What mortal -man, to say nothing of women, but would have done as Bluebeard's wife -did when left in the castle with the key of that mysterious chamber in -her hand? - - =Every man has his hobby.= - -Some men pay dearly for theirs. "Hobby horses are more costly than -Arabians" (German).[372] - - =You may pay too dear for your whistle.= - -The origin of this saying, which has become thoroughly proverbial, is -found in the following extract from a paper by its author, Benjamin -Franklin:--"When I was a child of seven years old my friends on a -holiday filled my pockets with coppers. I went directly to a shop -where they sold toys for children, and being charmed with the sound -of a whistle that I met by the way in the hands of another boy, I -voluntarily offered him all my money for it. I then came home, and -went whistling all over the house, much pleased with my whistle, but -disturbing all the family. My brothers, and sisters, and cousins, -understanding the bargain I had made, told me I had given for it four -times as much as it was worth. This put me in mind what good things I -might have bought with the rest of the money; and they laughed at me -so much for my folly that I cried with vexation, and the reflection -gave me more chagrin than the whistle gave me pleasure. This, however, -was afterwards of use to me, the impression continuing on my mind; so -that often when I was tempted to buy some unnecessary thing I said to -myself, 'Don't give too much for the whistle;' and so I saved my money. -As I grew up, came into the world, and observed the actions of men, I -met with many, very many who gave too much for the whistle." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[349] A buon cavalier non manca lancia. - -[350] Non è buon murator chi rifiuta pietra alcuna. - -[351] Qui a bonne tête ne manque pas de chapeaux. - -[352] In German, Willig Herz macht leichte Füsse. - -[353] Also Flemish, Het is licht genoech ghepepen die gheein danst. - -[354] Der Wille thut's. - -[355] Carica volontaria non carica. - -[356] On ne saurait faire boire un âne s'il n'a pas soif. - -[357] Med onwillige honden is kwaad hazen vangen. - -[358] Cosa fatta per forza non val una scorza. - -[359] Madame, si la chose est possible, elle est déjà faite; et si elle -est impossible, elle se fera. - -[360] Die Gaben sind wie die Geber. - -[361] Der Wille giebt dem Werke den Namen. Der Wille ist des Werkes -Seele. - -[362] Der Weg zum Verderben ist mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert. - -[363] On fait dire aux cloches tout ce qu'on veut. - -[364] Prends ton valet; prends ton valet. - -[365] Ne le prends pas; ne le prends pas. - -[366] Dulce pomum quum abest custos. - -[367] Verbotenes Wasser ist Malvasier. - -[368] No hay placer que no enhade, y mas se cuesta de balde. - -[369] Die süssessten Trauben hangen am höchsten. - -[370] Qui nescit canere semper canere laborat. - -[371] Chi non puole, sempre vuole. - -[372] Steckenpferde sind theuerer als arabische Hengste. - - - - -CUSTOM. HABIT. USE. - - - =Use will make a man live in a lion's den.= - - =Custom is second nature.= - -Cicero says nearly the same thing,[373] and the thought has been -happily amplified by Sydney Smith. "There is no degree of disguise or -distortion which human nature may not be made to assume from habit; -it grows in every direction in which it is trained, and accommodates -itself to every circumstance which caprice or design places in its -way. It is a plant with such various aptitudes, and such opposite -propensities, that it flourishes in a hothouse or the open air; is -terrestrial or aquatic, parasitical or independent; looks well in -exposed situations, thrives in protected ones; can bear its own -luxuriance, admits of amputation; succeeds in perfect liberty, -and can be bent down into any forms of art; it is so flexible and -ductile, so accommodating and vivacious, that of two methods of -managing it--completely opposite--neither the one nor the other need -be considered as mistaken and bad. Not that habit can give any new -principle; but of those numerous principles which _do_ exist in our -nature it entirely determines the order and force."[374] - - =Once a use and ever a custom.= - -"Continuance becomes usage" (Italian).[375] Whatever we do often -we become more and more apt to do, till at last the propensity to -the act becomes irresistible, though the performance of it may have -ceased to give any pleasure. In Fielding's "Life of Jonathan Wild" -the great thief is represented as playing at cards with the Count, a -professed gambler. "Such was the power of habit over the minds of these -illustrious persons, that Mr. Wild could not keep his hands out of the -Count's pockets, though he knew they were empty; nor could the Count -abstain from palming a card, though he was well aware Mr. Wild had no -money to pay him." "To change a habit is like death" (Spanish).[376] - - =Hand in use is father o' lear [learning, skill].=--_Scotch._ - - =Practice makes perfect.= - -"By working in the smithy one becomes a smith" (Latin, French).[377] -"Use makes the craftsman" (Spanish, German).[378] An emir had bought a -left eye of a glassmaker, and was vexed at finding that he could not -see with it. The man begged him to give it a little time; he could not -expect that it would see all at once so well as the right eye, which -had been for so many years in the habit of it. We take this whimsical -story from Coleridge, who does not tell us in what Oriental Joe Miller -he found it. - - =No man is his craft's master the first day.= - -But some people fancy themselves masters born, like "The Portuguese -apprentice, who does not know how to sew, and wants to cut out" -(Spanish).[379] - - =You must spoil before you spin.= - -"One learns by failing" (French).[380] "He that stumbles, if he does -not fall, quickens his pace" (Spanish).[381] - - =Eith to learn the cat to the kirn.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, it is easy to teach the cat the way to the churn. Bad habits -are easily acquired. - - =A bad custom is like a good cake--better broken than kept.= - -On this proverb is built, perhaps, that remark of Hamlet's which has -troubled some hypercritical commentators, "A custom more honoured -in the breach than in the observance." An energetic Spanish proverb -counsels us to "Break the leg of a bad habit."[382] - - =At Rome do as Rome does.= - -"Wherever you be, do as you see" (Spanish).[383] A very terse German -proverb, which can only be paraphrased in English, signifies that -whatever is customary in any country is proper and becoming there; -or, as we might say, "After the land's manner is mannerly."[384] -The Livonians say, "In the land of the naked people are ashamed of -clothes." "So many countries, so many customs" (French).[385] In a -Palais Royal farce a captain's wife is deploring her husband, who has -been eaten by the Caffres. Her servant observes, by way of consolation, -_Mais, madame, que voulez-vous? Chaque peuple a ses usages_ ("Well, -well, ma'am, after all, every people has its own manners and customs"). - - =Tell me the company you keep, and I'll tell you what you are.= - - =Tell me with whom thou goest, and I'll tell thee what thou doest.= - -"He that lives with cripples learns to limp" (Dutch).[386] "He that -goes with wolves learns to howl" (Spanish);[387] and "He that lies down -with dogs gets up with fleas" (Spanish).[388] - - =As good be out of the world as out of the fashion.= - -Mrs. Hutchinson tells us that, although her husband acted with the -Puritan party, they would not allow him to be religious because his -hair was not in their cut. The world will more readily forgive a -breach of all the Ten Commandments than a violation of one of its own -conventional rules. "Fools invent fashions, and wise men follow them" -(French).[389] "Better be mad with all the world than wise alone" -(French).[390] - - =The used key is always bright.= - -"'If I rest, I rust,' it says" (German).[391] - - =Drawn wells have sweetest water=; - -but - - =Standing pools gather filth.= - - =Drawn wells are seldom dry.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[373] Ferme in naturam consuetudo vestitur.--(_De Invent._ i. 2.) - -[374] "Lectures on Moral Philosophy." - -[375] Continuanza diventa usanza. - -[376] Mudar costumbre a par de muerte. - -[377] Fabricando fit faber. En forgeant on devient forgeron. - -[378] El usar saca oficial. Uebung macht den Meister. - -[379] Aprendiz de Portugal, no sabe cozer y quiere cortar. - -[380] On apprend en faillant. - -[381] Quien estropieça, si no cae, el camino adelanta. - -[382] A mal costumbre, quebrarle la pierna. - -[383] Por donde fueres, haz como vieres. - -[384] Ländlich, sittlich. - -[385] Tant de pays, tant de guises. - -[386] Die bij kreupelen woont, leert hinken. - -[387] Quien con lobos anda, á aullar se enseña. - -[388] Quien con perros se echa, con pulgas se levanta. - -[389] Les fous inventent les modes, et les sages les suivent. - -[390] Il vaut mieux être fou avec tous que sage tout seul. - -[391] Rast ich, so rost ich, sagt der Schlüssel. - - - - -SELF-CONCEIT. SPURIOUS PRETENSIONS. - - - =How we apples swim!= - -So said the horsedung as it floated down the stream along with fruit. - - ="We hounds slew the hare," quoth the messan [lapdog].=--_Scotch._ - -"They came to shoe the horses of the pacha; the beetle then stretched -out its leg" (Arab). We read in the Talmud that "All kinds of wood -burn silently except thorns, which crackle and call out, 'We, too, are -wood.'" "It was prettily devised of Æsop," says Lord Bacon; "the fly -sat upon the axle of the chariot, and said, 'What a dust do I raise!'" - - =A' Stuarts are no sib to the king.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, not all who bear that name belong to the royal race of -Stuarts. "There are fagots and fagots,"[392] as Molière says. "It is -some way from Peter to Peter" (Spanish).[393] Great is the difference -between the terrible lion of the Atlas and the Cape lion, the most -currish of enemies; but the distinction is not always borne in mind by -the readers of hunting adventures in Africa. The traditional name of -lion beguiles the imagination of the unwary. In like manner some people -think that - - "A book's a book, although there's nothing in it." - - =Every ass thinks himself worthy to stand with the king's horses.= - -But asses deceive themselves. "He that is a donkey, and believes -himself a deer, finds out his mistake at the leaping of the ditch" -(Italian).[394] "Doctor Luther's shoes will not fit every village -priest" (German).[395] - - =Many talk of Robin Hood that never shot in his bow.= - -Like Justice Shallow, who "talks," says Falstaff, "as familiarly of -John of Gaunt as if he had been sworn brother to him; and I'll be sworn -he never saw him but once in the tiltyard, and then he burst his head -for crowding among the marshal's men." Southey, in his "Omniana," has -applied this proverb to that numerous class of literary pretenders who -quote and criticise flippantly works known to them only at second-hand. -A conspicuous living example of this class is M. Ponsard, who, on the -occasion of his reception into the French Academy, discoursed about -Shakspeare, and talked of him as "the divine WILLIAMS," by way of -evincing his proficiency in the language of the great dramatist whose -works he disparaged. - - =The man on the dyke is always the best hurler.=--_Munster._ - -The looker-on is quite sure he could do better than the actual players. -In Connaught, which is as renowned for its neck-or-nothing riders as -Munster is for its vigorous hurlers, they have this parallel saying,-- - - =The best horseman is always on his feet.= - -In the same sense the Dutch aver that "The best pilots stand on -shore."[396] - - =In a calm sea every man is a pilot.= - - =Every man can tame a shrew but he that hath her.= - - =Bachelors' wives and maids' children are always well taught.= - -"He that has no wife chastises her well; he that has no children rears -them well" (Italian).[397] - - =I ask your pardon, coach; I thought you were a wheelbarrow when - I stumbled over you.=--_Irish._ - -An ironical apology for offence given to overweening vanity or pride. - - =The pride of the cobbler's dog, that took the wall of a wagon of hay, - and was squeezed to death.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[392] Il y a fagots et fagots. - -[393] Algo va de Pedro a Pedro. - -[394] Chi asino è, e cervo si crede, al salto del fosso se ne avvede. - -[395] Doctor Luthers Schuhe sind nicht allen Dorfpriestern gerecht. - -[396] De beste stuurlieden staan aan land. - -[397] Chi non ha moglie, hen la batte; chi non ha figliuoli, ben gli -pasce. - - - - -SELF-LOVE. SELF-INTEREST. SELF-RELIANCE. - - - =Charity begins at home.= - -This is literally true in the most exalted sense. The best of men are -those - - "Whose circling charities begin - With the few loved ones Heaven has placed them near, - Nor cease till all mankind are in their sphere." - -It is only in irony, or by an odious abuse of its meaning, that the -proverb is ever used as an apology for that sort of charity which not -only begins at home, but ends there likewise. The egotist holds that -"Self is the first object of charity" (Latin).[398] "Every one has his -hands turned towards himself" (Polish). - - =The priest christens his own child first.= - - =Every man draws the water to his own mill.= - -"Every cow licks her own calf." "Every old woman blows under her own -kettle" (both Servian). "Every one rakes the embers to his own cake" -(Arab). - - =Every one for himself, and God for us all.= - - =Let every tub stand on its own bottom.= - - =Let every sheep hang by its own shank.= - - =Let every herring hang by its own gills.= - - =Ilka man for his ain hand, as John Jelly fought.=--_Scotch._ - -James Kelly gives this explanation of the last proverb: "As two men -were fighting, John Jelly, going by, made up fiercely to them. Each -of them asked him which he was for: he answered for his own hand, and -beat them both." Sir Walter Scott puts aside John Jelly's claims to -the authorship of this saying, and assigns it to Harry Smith in the -following passage of "The Fair Maid of Perth." After the fight between -the clans at the North Inch, Black Douglas says to the smith,-- - -"'If thou wilt follow me, good fellow, I will change thy leathern apron -for a knight's girdle, thy burgage tenement for an hundred-pound-land -to maintain thy rank withal.' - -"'I thank you humbly, my lord,' said the smith dejectedly, 'but I have -shed blood enough already; and Heaven has punished me by foiling the -only purpose for which I entered the contest.' - -"'How, friend?' said Douglas. 'Didst thou not fight for the Clan -Chattan, and have they not gained a glorious conquest?' - -"'I fought for my own hand,' said the smith indifferently; and the -expression is still proverbial in Scotland--meaning, 'I did such a -thing for my own pleasure, not for your profit.'" - - =Let every man skin his own skunk.=--_American._ - -The skunk stinks ten thousand times worse than a polecat. "Let every -one carry his own sack to the mill" (German).[399] "Let every fox take -care of his own tail" (Italian).[400] - - =Self do, self have.= - -Analogous to this manly proverb, as it seems to me, is that Dutch one, -"Self's the man."[401] which Dean Trench has stigmatised as merely -selfish. - - =The tod [fox] ne'er sped better than when he went his ain - errand.=--_Scotch._ - - =The miller ne'er got better moulter [toll] than he took wi' his ain - hands.=--_Scotch._ - - =If you would have your business done, go; if not, send.= - - =If you would have a thing well done, do it yourself.= - - =Ilka man's man had a man, and that made the Treve fa'.=--_Scotch._ - -The Treve was a strong castle built by Black Douglas. The governor left -the care of it to a deputy, and he to an under-deputy, through whose -negligence the castle was taken and burned. "The master bids the man, -and the man bids the cat, and the cat bids its tail" (Portuguese).[402] -General Sir Charles Napier, speaking of what happened during his -temporary absence from the government of Corfu, says, "How entirely all -things depend on the mode of executing them, and how ridiculous mere -theories are! My successor thought, as half the world always thinks, -that a man in command has only to order, and obedience will follow. -Hence they are baffled, not from want of talent, but from inactivity, -vainly thinking that while they spare themselves every one under them -will work like horses." - - =Trust not to another for what you can do yourself.= - -"Let him that has a mouth not say to another, Blow" (Spanish).[403] - - =The master's eye will do more work than both his hands.= - -"If you have money to throw away, set on workmen and don't stand by" -(Italian);[404] for - - =When the cat's away the mice will play.= - - =The eye of the master fattens the steed.= - - =The master's eye puts mate on the horse's bones.=--_Ulster._ - -"The answers of Perses and Libys are worth observing," says Aristotle. -"The former being asked what was the best thing to make a horse fat, -answered, 'The master's eye;' the other being asked what was the -best manure, answered, 'The master's footsteps.'" The Spaniards have -naturalised this last saying among them.[405] Aulus Gellius tells a -story of a man who, being asked why he was so fat, and the horse he -rode was so lean, replied, "Because I feed myself, and my servant feeds -my horse." - - =He that owns the cow goes nearest her tail.=--_Scotch._ - - =Let him that owns the cow take her by the tail.= - -In some districts formerly the cattle used to suffer greatly from want -of food in winter and the early months of spring, before the grass had -begun to grow. Sometimes a cow would become so weak from inanition -as to be unable to rise if she once lay down. In that case it was -necessary to lift her up by means of ropes passed under her, and, -above all, by pulling at her tail. This part of the job being the most -important, was naturally undertaken by the owner of the animal. - - =A man is a lion in his own cause.= - - =No man cries stinking fish.= - -On the contrary, every man tries to set off his wares to the best -advantage, to make the most of his own case, &c. "Every one says, 'I -have right on my side'" (French).[406] Æsop's currier maintained that -for fortifying a town there was "nothing like leather." "Every potter -praises his pot, and all the more if it is cracked" (Spanish).[407] -"'Tis a mad priest who blasphemes his relics" (Italian).[408] "Ask the -host if he has good wine" (Italian).[409] One canny Scot compliments -another with the remark,-- - - =Ye'll no sell your hens on a rainy day;= - -for then the drenched feathers, sticking close to the skin, give the -poor things a lean and miserable appearance. - - =It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest.= - - =He was scant o' news that tauld his feyther was hangit.=--_Scotch._ - - =They're scarce of news that speak ill of their mother.=--_Ulster._ - -Why wantonly proclaim one's own disgrace, or expose the faults or -weaknesses of one's kindred or people? "If you have lost your nose -put your hand before the place" (Italian).[410] Napoleon I. used -to say, "People should wash their foul linen in private." It is a -necessary process, but there is no need to obtrude it on public notice. -English writers often quote this maxim of the great emperor, but -always mistranslate it. _Il faut laver son linge sale en famille_ is -one of those idiomatic phrases which cannot be perfectly rendered in -another tongue. Our version of it comes near to its meaning, which is -quite lost in that which is commonly given, "People should wash their -foul linen at home." The point of the proverb lies in the privacy it -enjoins, and this might equally be secured whether the linen was washed -at home or sent away to the laundress's. _En famille_ and _at home_ are -not mutually equivalent; the former means more than the latter. We may -say of a man who entertains a large dinner party in his own house, that -he dines at home, but not that he dines _en famille_. - - =No one knows where the shoe pinches so well as he that wears it.= - - =I wot weel where my ain shoe binds me.=--_Scotch._ - -Erskine used to say that when the hour came that all secrets should be -revealed we should know the reason why--shoes are always too tight. -The authorship of this proverb is commonly ascribed to Æmilius Paulus; -but the story told by Plutarch leaves it doubtful whether Æmilius -used a known illustration or invented one. The relations of his wife -remonstrated with him on his determination to repudiate her, she being -an honourable matron, against whom no fault could be alleged. Æmilius -admitted the lady's worth; but, pointing to one of his shoes, he asked -the remonstrants what they thought of it. They thought it a handsome, -well-fitting shoe. "But none of you," he rejoined, "can tell where it -pinches me." - - =The heart knoweth its own bitterness.=--_Solomon._ - -"To every one his own cross seems heaviest" (Italian);[411] but "The -burden is light on the shoulders of another" (Russian); and "One does -not feel three hundred blows on another's back" (Servian). "Another's -care hangs by a hair" (Spanish).[412] "Another's woe is a dream" -(French).[413] Rochefoucauld has had the credit of saying, "We all -have fortitude enough to endure the woes of others;" but it is plain -from this and other examples that he was not the sole author of -"Rochefoucauld's Maxims." - - ="The case is altered," quoth Plowden.= - -Edmund Plowden, an eminent lawyer in Queen Elizabeth's time, was asked -by a neighbour what remedy there was in law against the owner of some -hogs that had trespassed on the inquirer's ground. Plowden answered -he might have very good remedy. "Marry, then," said the other, "the -hogs are your own." "Nay, then, neighbour, the case is altered," quoth -Plowden. Others, says Ray, with more probability make this the original -of the proverb:--"Plowden being a Roman Catholic, some neighbours -of his who bare him no good-will, intending to entrap him and bring -him under the lash of the law, had taken care to dress up an altar -in a certain place, and provided a layman in a priest's habit, who -should say mass there at such a time. And, withal, notice thereof was -given privately to Mr. Plowden, who thereupon went and was present -at the mass. For this he was presently accused and indicted. He at -first stands upon his defence, and would not acknowledge the thing. -Witnesses are produced, and among the rest one who deposed that he -himself performed the mass, and saw Mr. Plowden there. Saith Plowden to -him, 'Art thou a priest, then?' The fellow replied, 'No.' 'Why, then, -gentlemen,' quoth he, 'the case is altered: no priest, no mass,' which -came to be a proverb, and continues still in Shropshire with this -addition--'The case is altered,' quoth Plowden: 'no priest, no mass.'" - - =That's Hackerton's cow.= - -This is a proverb of the Scotch, and they tell a story about it -similar to the first of the two above related of Plowden. Hackerton -was a lawyer, whose cow had gored a neighbour's ox. The man told him -the reverse. "Why, then," said Hackerton, "your ox must go for my -heifer--the law provides that." "No," said the man, "your cow killed -my ox." "The case alters there," said Hackerton. Many a one exclaims -in secret with the Spaniard, "Justice, but not brought home to -myself!"[414] "Nobody likes that" (Italian).[415] - - =Close sits my shirt, but closer my skin.= - -That is, I love my friends well, but myself better; or, my body is -dearer to me than my goods. - - =Near is my petticoat, but nearer is my smock.= - -Some friends are nearer to me than others. There are many proverbs in -various languages similar to the last two in meaning and in form, but -with different terms of comparison. They are all modelled upon the -Latin adage, "The tunic is nearer than the frock."[416] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[398] Prima sibi charitas. - -[399] Trage Jeder seinem Sack zur Mülle. - -[400] Ogni volpe habbia cura della sua coda. - -[401] Zelf is de Man. - -[402] Manda o amo ao moço, o moço ao gato, e o gato ao rabo. - -[403] Quien tiene boca no diga á otro, sopla. - -[404] Chi ha quattrini a buttar via, metti operaji, e non vi stia. - -[405] El pie del dueño estiercol para la heredad. - -[406] Chacun dit, "J'ai bon droit." - -[407] Cada ollero su olla alaba, y mas el que la tiene quebrada. - -[408] Matto è quel prete chi bestemma le sue reliquie. - -[409] Dimanda al hosto s'egli ha buon vino. - -[410] Se tu hai meno il naso, ponviti una mano. - -[411] Ad ognuno par più grave la croce sua. - -[412] Cuidado ageno de pelo cuelga. - -[413] Mal d'autrui n'est que songe. - -[414] Justicia, mas no por mi casa. - -[415] A nessuno piace la giustizia a casa sua. - -[416] Tunica pallio propior. - - - - -SELFISHNESS IN GIVING. SPURIOUS BENEVOLENCE. - - - =Throw in a sprat to catch a salmon.= - - =To give an apple where there is an orchard.= - - =The hen's egg aft gaes to the ha' - To bring the guse's egg awa'.=--_Scotch._ - -"He gives an egg to get a chicken" (Dutch).[417] "Giving is fishing" -(Italian).[418] "To one who has a pie in the oven you may give a bit of -your cake" (French).[419] - - =Have a horse of thine own, and thou may'st borrow another's.=--_Welsh._ - -"People don't give black-puddings to one who kills no pigs" -(Spanish).[420] In Spain it is usual, when a pig is killed at home, -to make black-puddings, and give some of them to one's neighbours. -There is thrift in this; for black-puddings will not keep long in that -climate, and each man generally makes more than enough for his own -consumption. "People lend only to the rich" (French).[421] "People give -to the rich, and take from the poor" (German).[422] "He that eats capon -gets capon" (French).[423] - - =He that has a goose will get a goose.= - - =When the child is christened you may have godfathers enough.= - -Offers of service abound when a man no longer needs them. "When our -daughter is married sons-in-law turn up" (Spanish).[424] - - =When I am dead make me caudle.= - - =When Tom's pitcher is broken I shall get the sherds.= - -Tom's generosity is like the charity of the Abbot of Bamba, who "Gives -away for the good of his soul what he can't eat" (Spanish).[425] The -dying bequest of another worthy of the same nation is proverbial. One -of his cows had strayed away and been long missing. His last orders -were, that if this cow were found it should be for his children; if -otherwise, it should be for God. Hence the proverb, "Let that which is -lost be for God." - - =They are free of fruit that want an orchard.= - - =They are aye gudewilly o' their horse that hae nane.=--_Scotch._ - -Their good-natured willingness to lend it is remarkable. "No one is -so open-handed as he who has nothing to give" (French).[426] "He that -cannot is always willing" (Italian).[427] - - =Hens are free o' horse corn.=--_Scotch._ - -People are apt to be very liberal of what does not belong to them. -"Broad thongs are cut from other men's leather" (Latin).[428] "Of my -gossip's loaf a large slice for my godson" (Spanish).[429] - - =Steal the goose, and give the giblets in alms.= - -"Steal the pig, and give away the pettitoes for God's sake" -(Spanish).[430] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[417] Hij geeft een ei, om een kucken te krijgen. - -[418] Donare si chiama pescare. - -[419] À celui qui a son pâté au four, on peut donner de son gateau. - -[420] A quien no mata puerco, no le dan morcilla. - -[421] On ne prête qu'aux riches. - -[422] Reichen giebt man, Armen nimmt man. - -[423] Qui chapon mange, chapon lui vient. - -[424] A hija casada salen nos yernos. - -[425] El abad de Bamba, lo que no puede comer, da lo por su alma. - -[426] Nul n'est si large que celui qui n'a rien à donner. - -[427] Chi non puole, sempre vuole. - -[428] Ex alieno tergore lata secantur lora. - -[429] Del pan de mi compadre buen zatico á mi ahijado. - -[430] Hurtar el puerco, y dar los pies por Dios. - - - - -INGRATITUDE. - - - =Save a thief from the gallows, and he will be the first to cut your - throat.= - -The galley-slaves whom Don Quixote rescued repaid the favour by pelting -him and his squire with stones, and stealing Sancho's ass. The French -have two parallels for the English proverb. "Take a churl from the -gibbet, and he will put you on it;"[431] and, "Unhang one that is -hanged, and he will hang thee."[432] Observe the comprehensiveness of -this second proposition: it seems to embody an old superstition not yet -quite extinct, for it warns us against the danger of rescuing _any_ man -from the rope, no matter how he may have come to have his neck in the -noose. An incident curiously illustrative of this doctrine was thus -narrated in a Belgian newspaper, the _Constitutionnel_ of Mons, of July -4th, 1856:-- - -"The day before yesterday a man hanged himself at Wasmes. Another man -chanced to come upon him before life was extinct, and cut him down in a -state of insensibility. Presently up came some women, who clamorously -protested against the rashness, not of the would-be suicide, but of -his rescuer, and assured the latter that his only chance of escaping -the dangers to which his imprudent humanity exposed him was to hang -the poor wretch up again. The man was so alarmed that he was actually -proceeding to do as they advised him, when fortunately the burgomaster -arrived just in time to prevent that act of barbarous stupidity." - -This incident will at once remind the reader of the wreck scene in _The -Pirate_. Mordaunt Merton is hastening to save Cleveland, when Bryce -Snailsfoot thus remonstrates with him:--"Are you mad? You that have -lived sae lang in Zetland to risk the saving of a drowning man? Wot ye -not, if you bring him to life again, he will be sure to do you some -capital injury?" - - =Put a snake in your bosom, and when it is warm it will sting you.= - -"Bring up a raven, and it will peck out your eyes" (Spanish, -German).[433] "Do good to a knave, and pray God he requite thee not" -(Danish).[434] - - =I taught you to swim, and now you'd drown me.= - - =A's tint that's put into a riven dish.=--_Scotch._ - -All is lost that is put into a broken dish, or that is bestowed upon a -thankless person. The Arabs say, "Eat the present, and break the dish" -(in which it was brought). The dish will otherwise remind you of the -obligation. - - - =Eaten bread is soon forgotten.= - -"A favour to come is better than a hundred received" (Italian).[435] -Who was it that first defined gratitude as a lively sense of future -favours? "When I confer a favour," said Louis XIV., "I make one ingrate -and a hundred malcontents." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[431] Ôtez un vilain du gibet, il vous y mettra. - -[432] Dépends le pendard, il te pendra. - -[433] Cria el cuervo, y sacarte ha los ojos. Erziehst du dir einen -Raben, so wird er dir die Augen ausgraben. - -[434] Giör vel imod en Skalk, og bed til Gud han lönner dig ikke. - -[435] Val più un piacere da farsi, che cento di quelli fatti. - - - - -THE MOTE AND THE BEAM. - - - =Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.= - -In Timbs's "Things not Generally Known" it is related that, "In the -reign of James I., the Scotch adventurers who came over with that -monarch were greatly annoyed by persons breaking the windows of -their houses; and among the instigators was Buckingham, the court -favourite, who lived in a large house in St. Martin's Fields, which, -from the great number of windows, was termed the Glass House. Now, -the Scotchmen, in retaliation, broke the windows of Buckingham's -mansion. The courtier complained to the king, to whom the Scotchmen -had previously applied, and the monarch replied to Buckingham, 'Those -who live in glass houses, Steenie, should be careful how they throw -stones.' _Whence arose the common saying._" - -It did not arise thence, nor was King James its inventor. This is one -of a thousand instances in which a story growing out of a proverb has -been presented as that proverb's origin. "Let him that has glass tiles -[panes] not throw stones at his neighbour's house" is a maxim common -to the Spaniards[436] and Italians,[437] and older than the time of -James I. The Italians say also, "Let him that has a glass skull not -take to stone-throwing."[438] - - =The kiln calls the oven burnt house.= - - =The pot calls the kettle black bottom.= - -When negroes quarrel they always call each other "dam niggers." "The -pan says to the pot, 'Keep off, or you'll smutch me'" (Italian).[439] -"The shovel makes game of the poker" (French).[440] "Said the raven -to the crow, 'Get out of that, blackamoor'" (Spanish).[441] "One ass -nicknames another Longears" (German).[442] "Dirty-nosed folk always -want to wipe other folks' noses" (French).[443] - - ="Crooked carlin!" quoth the cripple to his wife.=--_Scotch._ - - ="God help the fool!" said the idiot.= - - =Who more ready to call her neighbour "scold" than the arrantest - scold in the parish?= - -"A harlot repented for one night. 'Is there no police officer,' she -exclaimed, 'to take up harlots?'" (Arab.) - - =Point not at others' spots with a foul finger.= - - =Physician, heal thyself.= - -"Among wonderful things," say the Arabs of Egypt, "is a sore-eyed -person who is an oculist." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[436] El que tiene tejados de vidrio no tire piedras al de su vicino. - -[437] Chi ha tegoli di vetro non tiri sassi al vicino. - -[438] Chi ha testa di vetro non faccia a' sassi. - -[439] La padella dice al pajuolo, Fatti in la che tu mi tigni. - -[440] La pêle se moque du fourgon. - -[441] Dijó la corneja al cuervo, Quitate allá, negro. - -[442] Ein Esel schimpft den andern, Langohr. - -[443] Les morveux veulent toujours moucher les autres. - - - - -FAULTS. EXCUSES. UNEASY CONSCIOUSNESS. - - - =Lifeless, faultless.= - - =It is a good horse that never stumbles.= - -To which some add, "And a good wife that never grumbles." None are -immaculate. "Are there not spots on the very sun?" (French.)[444] A -member of the parliament of Toulouse, apologising to the king or his -minister for the judicial murder of Calas perpetrated by that body, -quoted the proverb, "_Il n'y a si bon cheval qui ne bronche_" ("It is a -good horse," &c.). He was answered, "_Passe pour un cheval, mais toute -l'écurie!_" ("A horse, granted; but the whole stable!") - - =He that shoots always right forfeits his arrow.=--_Welsh._ - -But in no instance was the forfeit ever exacted, for the best archer -will sometimes miss the mark, just as "The best driver will sometimes -upset" (French).[445] "A good fisherman may let an eel slip from him" -(French);[446] and "A good swimmer is not safe from all chance of -drowning" (French).[447] "The priest errs at the altar" (Italian).[448] - - =They ne'er beuk [baked] a gude cake but may bake an ill.=--_Scotch._ - - =He rode sicker [sure] that ne'er fell.=--_Scotch._ - - =It is a sound head that has not a soft piece in it.= - - =Every rose has its prickles.= - - =Every bean has its black.= - - =Every path has its puddle.= - - =There never was a good town but had a mire at one end of it.= - -"He who wants a mule without fault may go afoot" (Spanish).[449] - - =A' things wytes [blames] that no weel fares.=--_Scotch._ - -When a man fails in what he undertakes he will be sure to lay the blame -on anything or anybody rather than on himself. "He that does amiss -never lacks excuses" (Italian).[450] "He is a bad shot who cannot find -an excuse" (German).[451] "The archer that shoots ill has a lie ready" -(Spanish).[452] That is rather a strong expression: the Italians, with -a more refined appreciation of the eloquence displayed by missing -marksmen, declare that "A fine shot never killed a bird."[453] - - =A bad workman always complains of his tools.= - - =A bad excuse is better than none.= - -This, of course, is ironical. The Italians hold that "Any excuse is -good provided it avails" (Italian);[454] and, "Any excuse will serve -when one has not a mind to do a thing."[455] We may easily guess what -the Spaniards mean by "Friday pretexts for not fasting."[456] - - ="Who can help sickness?" quoth the drunken wife, when she lay in - the gutter.= - - =Guilt is jealous.= - - =A guilty conscience needs no accuser.= - - =Touch a galled horse, and he'll wince.= - - =A galled horse will not endure the comb.= - -"Let the galled jade wince, our withers are unwrung," cries Hamlet, -mockingly, as he reads the effect of the play in the fratricide's -countenance. "He that is in fault is [steeped] in suspicion" -(Italian),[457] and his uneasy conscience betrays itself at every -casual touch. He is like "One who has a straw tail," and "is always -afraid of its catching fire" (Italian).[458] - - =He that has a muckle [big] nose thinks ilka ane is speaking - o't.=--_Scotch._ - -"Hair is not to be mentioned in a bald man's house" (Livonian). "Never -speak of a rope in the house of one who was hanged" (Italian);[459] -or, as the Hebrew form of the precept runs, "He that hath had one of -his family hanged may not say to his neighbour, 'Hang up this fish.'" -Formerly the French used to say, "It is not right to speak of a rope -_in presence_ of one who has been hanged;"[460] and they could say -this without apparent absurdity, because it was customary to pardon a -culprit if the rope broke after he had been tied up to the gallows, -and therefore it was not an uncommon thing to meet with living men who -had known what it was to dance upon nothing. The memory of this usage -is preserved in a proverbial expression--"The hope of the man that is -hanging, that the rope may break"[461]--to signify an exceedingly faint -hope. But so much was this indulgence abused, that it was abolished by -all the parliaments, that of Bordeaux setting the example in 1524 by an -edict directing that the sentence should always be, "Hanged until death -ensue." - - =If the cap fits you, wear it.= - -"Let him that feels itchy, scratch" (French).[462] "Let him wipe his -nose that feels the need of it" (French).[463] - - =Nothing was ever ill said that was not ill taken.= - -"He who takes [offence] makes [the offence]" (Latin).[464] "What do -you say 'Hem!' for when I pass?" cries an angry Briton to a Frenchman. -"Monsieur Godden," replies the latter, "what for pass you when me say -'Hem?'" - - =Ye're busy to clear yourself when naebody files you.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, you defend yourself when nobody accuses you; and that -looks very suspicious. "He that excuses himself accuses himself" -(French).[465] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[444] Le soleil lui-même, n'a-t-il pas des taches? - -[445] Il n'est si bon charretier qui ne verse. - -[446] À bon pêcheur échappe anguille. - -[447] Bon nageur de n'être noyé n'est pas sûre. - -[448] Erra il prete all' altare. - -[449] Quien quisiere mula sin tacha, andese á pie. - -[450] A chi fa male mai mancano scuse. - -[451] Ein schlechter Schüz der keine Ausrede findet. - -[452] Vallestero que mal tira, presto tiene la mentira. - -[453] Bel colpo non ammazzò mai uccello. - -[454] Ogni scusa è buona, pur che vaglia. - -[455] Ogni scusa è buona, quando non si vuol far alcuna cosa. - -[456] Achaques al viernes por no le ayunar. - -[457] Chi è in difetto, è in sospetto. - -[458] Chi ha coda di paglia ha sempre paura che gli pigli fuoco. - -[459] Non recordar il capestro in casa dell' impiccato. - -[460] Il ne faut pas parler de corde devant un pendu. - -[461] L'espoir du pendu, que la corde casse. - -[462] Qui se sent galeux, se gratte. - -[463] Qui se sent morveux, se mouche. - -[464] Qui capit, ille facit. - -[465] Qui s'excuse, s'accuse. - - - - -FALSE APPEARANCES AND PRETENCES, HYPOCRISY, DOUBLE DEALING, -TIME-SERVING. - - - =Appearances are deceitful.=[466] - -"Always judge your fellow-passengers to be the opposite of what -they strive to appear to be. For instance, a military man is not -quarrelsome, for no man doubts his courage; but a snob is. A clergyman -is not over-straitlaced, for his piety is not questioned; but a cheat -is. A lawyer is not apt to be argumentative; but an actor is. A woman -that is all smiles and graces is a vixen at heart: snakes fascinate. -A stranger that is obsequious and over-civil without apparent cause -is treacherous: cats that purr are apt to bite and scratch. Pride is -one thing, assumption is another; the latter must always get the cold -shoulder, for whoever shows it is no gentleman: men never affect to be -what they are, but what they are not. The only man who really is what -he appears to be is--a gentleman."[467] - -The Livonians say, "The bald pate talks most of hair;" and, "You may -freely give a rope to one who talks about hanging." - - =All is not gold that glitters.= - -Yellow iron pyrites is as bright as gold, and has often been mistaken -for it. The worthless spangles have even been imported at great cost -from California. "Every glowworm is not a fire" (Italian).[468] "Where -you think there are flitches of bacon there are not even hooks to hang -them on" (Spanish).[469] Many a reputed rich man is insolvent. - - =Much ado about nothing.= - - ="Great cry and little wool," as the fellow said when he sheared the - pig.= - - ="Meikle cry and little woo'," as the deil said when he clipped the - sow.=--_Scotch._ - -"The mountain is in labour, and will bring forth a mouse" (Latin).[470] - - =Likely lies in the mire, and unlikely gets over.=--_Scotch._ - -Some from whom great things are expected fail miserably, while others -of no apparent mark or promise surprise the world by their success. - - =You must not hang a man by his looks.= - -He may be one who is - - =Like a singed cat, better than likely.= - -"Under a shabby cloak there is a good tippler" (Spanish).[471] - - ="Care not" would have it.= - -Affected indifference is often a trick to obtain an object of secret -desire. "I don't want it, I don't want it," says the Spanish friar; -"but drop it into my hood."[472] "'It is nought, it is nought,' saith -the buyer; but when he is gone he vaunteth." The girls of Italy, who -know how often this artifice is employed in affairs of love, have a -ready retort against sarcastic young gentlemen in the adage, "He that -finds fault would fain buy."[473] - - =He that lacks [disparages] my mare would buy my mare.=--_Scotch._ - - ="Sour grapes," said the fox when he could not reach them.= - - =Empty vessels give the greatest sound.= - - =Shaal [shallow] waters mak the maist din.=--_Scotch._ - - =Smooth waters run deep=; _or_, - - =Still waters are deep.= - -This last proverb, we are told by Quintus Curtius, was current among -the Bactrians.[474] The Servians say, "A smooth river washes away -its banks;" the French, "There is no worse water than that which -sleeps."[475] "The most covered fire is the strongest" (French);[476] -and "Under white ashes there is glowing coal" (Italian).[477] - - =Where God has his church the devil will have his chapel.= - -So closely does the shadow of godliness--hypocrisy--wait upon the -substance. "Very seldom does any good thing arise but there comes -an ugly phantom of a caricature of it, which sidles up against the -reality, mouths its favourite words as a third-rate actor does a great -part, under-mimics its wisdom, overacts its folly, is by half the world -taken for it, goes some way to suppress it in its own time, and perhaps -lives for it in history."[478] Defoe says,-- - - "Wherever God erects a house of prayer, - The devil always builds a chapel there; - And 'twill be found upon examination - The latter has the largest congregation." - -The proverb is found in nearly the same form in Italian.[479] The -French say, "The devil chants high mass,"[480] which reminds us of -another English adage, applied by Antonio to Shylock:-- - - =The devil can quote Scripture for his purpose.= - -"The devil lurks behind the cross,"[481] say the Spaniards; and, "By -the vicar's skirts the devil gets up into the belfry."[482] "O the -slyness of sin," exclaim the Germans, "that puts an angel before every -devil!"[483] The same thought is expressed by the Queen of Navarre in -her thirteenth novel, where she speaks of "covering one's devil with -the fairest angel."[484] - - =When the fox preaches beware of the geese.= - -"The fox preaches to the hens" (French).[485] "When the devil says his -paternosters he wants to cheat you" (French).[486] "Never spread your -wheat in the sun before the canter's door" (Spanish).[487] - - =A honey tongue, a heart of gall.= - - =Mouth of ivy, heart of holly.=--_Irish._ - - =He can say, "My jo," an' think it na.=--_Scotch._ - - =Too much courtesy, too much craft.= - -"The words of a saint, and the claws of a cat" (Spanish).[488] "The cat -is friendly, but scratches" (Spanish).[489] "Many kiss the hands they -would fain see chopped off" (Arab and Spanish).[490] - - =He looks as if butter would not melt in his mouth.= - -Said of a very demure person, sometimes with this addition, "And yet -cheese would not choke him." Of such a person the Spaniards say, "He -looks as if he would not muddy the water."[491] "Nothing is more like -an honest man than a rogue" (French).[492] - - =They're no a' saints that get holy water.=--_Scotch._ - -"All are not saints who go to church" (Italian).[493] "Not all who -go to church say their prayers" (Italian).[494] "All are not hunters -who blow the horn" (French).[495] "All are not soldiers who go to the -wars" (Spanish).[496] "All are not princes who ride with the emperor" -(Dutch).[497] - - =The chamber of sickness is the chapel of devotion.= - - =The devil was sick, the devil a monk would be;= - =The devil grew well, the devil a monk was he!=[498] - -"All criminals turn preachers when they are under the gallows" -(Italian).[499] "The galley is in a bad way when the corsair promises -masses and candles" (Spanish).[500] - - =Satan rebukes sin.=[501] - - =The friar preached against stealing when he had a pudding in his - sleeve.= - -According to the Italian account of the affair the friar had a goose in -his scapulary on that occasion.[502] "Do as the friar says, and not as -he does" (Spanish).[503] - - =To carry two faces under one hood.= - -To be what the Romans called "double-tongued,"[504] or, in French -phrase, "To wear a coat of two parishes."[505] Formerly the parishes in -France were bound to supply the army with a certain number of pioneers -fully equipped. Every parish claimed the right of clothing its man -in its own livery, whence it followed that when two parishes jointly -furnished only one man, he was dressed in parti-coloured garments, each -parish being represented by a moiety which differed from the other in -texture and colour. - - =To hold with the hare, and hunt with the hounds.= - -To be "Jack o' both sides," true to neither. The Romans called this -"Sitting on two stools."[506] Liberius Mimus was one of a new batch -of senators created by Cæsar. The first day he entered the august -assembly, as he was looking about for a seat, Cicero said to him, "I -would make room for you were we not so crowded together." This was -a sly hit at Cæsar, who had packed the senate with his creatures. -Liberius replied, "Ay, you always liked to sit on two stools." - -The Arabs say of a double dealer, "He says to the thief, 'Steal;' and -to the house-owner, 'Take care of thy goods.'" "He howls with the -wolves when he is in the wood, and bleats with the sheep in the field" -(Dutch).[507] - - =If the devil is vicar, you'll be clerk.= - - =If the deil be laird, you'll be tenant.=--_Scotch._ - - =The deil ne'er sent a wind out of hell but he wad sail with - it.=--_Scotch._ - - =The vicar of Bray will be vicar of Bray still.= - -Simon Aleyn, or Allen, held the Vicarage of Bray, in Berkshire, for -fifty years, in the reigns of Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and -Elizabeth, and was always of the religion of the sovereign for the time -being. First he was a Papist, then a Protestant, afterwards a Papist, -and a Protestant again; yet he would by no means admit that he was a -turncoat. "No," said he, "I have always stuck to my principle, which -is this--to live and die vicar of Bray." His consistency has been -celebrated in a song, the burden of which is,-- - - "For this is law I will maintain-- - Unto my dying day, sir, - Whatever king in England reign, - I'll be the vicar of Bray, sir." - -"Such are men, now o' days," says Fuller, "who, though they cannot turn -the wind, they turn their mills, and set them so that wheresoever it -bloweth, their grist should certainly be grinded." - -During the Peninsular war many signboards over shops and hotels in -Spanish towns had on one side the arms of France, and on the other -those of Spain, which were turned as best suited the interests of their -owners and the feelings of the troops which alternately occupied the -place. - - =It is hard to sit at Rome and fecht wi' the pope.=--_Scotch._ - -Prudence forbids us to engage in strife with those in whose power we -are. Oriental servility goes further than this. Bernier tells us that -it was a current proverb in the dominions of the Great Mogul, "If the -king saith at noonday, 'It is night,' you are to say, 'Behold the moon -and stars!'" The Egyptians say, "When the monkey reigns dance before -him." The philosopher desisted from controversy with the Emperor -Hadrian, confessing himself unable to cope in argument with the master -of thirty legions. - - =There's nae gude in speaking ill o' the laird within his ain - bounds.=--_Scotch._ - -On this principle Baillie Nicol Jarvie thinks it well, when passing -the Fairies' Hill, to call them, as others do, men of peace, meaning -thereby to conciliate their good-will. "Speak not ill of a great -enemy," says Selden, "but rather give him good words, that he may use -you the better if you chance to fall into his hands. The Spaniard -did this when he was dying. His confessor told him (to work him to -repentance) how the devil tormented the wicked that went to hell. The -Spaniard replying, called the devil 'my lord.' 'I hope my lord the -devil is not so cruel.' His confessor reproved him. 'Excuse me,' said -the don, 'for calling him so. I know not into what hands I may fall; -and if I happen into his, I hope he will use me the better for giving -him good words.'" - - =It is good to have friends everywhere.= - - =It's gude to hae friends baith in heaven and hell.=--_Scotch._ - -Brantôme relates that Robert de la Mark had a painting executed, in -which were represented St. Margaret and the devil, with himself on his -knees before them, a candle in each hand, and a scroll issuing from -his mouth, containing these words: "If God will not aid me, the devil -surely will not fail me." This is quite in the spirit of Virgil's line, -"If I cannot bend the celestials to my purpose I will move hell."[508] -Others besides De la Mark have thought it prudent "To offer a candle -to God and another to the devil" (French);[509] or, "A candle to St. -Michael and one to his devil" (French),[510] lest the time might come -when the devil under the archangel's feet should get the upper hand. -Upon the same principle a discreet person in the early Christian times -took care never to pass a prostrate statue of Jupiter without saluting -it. - -=One must sometimes hold a candle to the devil.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[466] Fronti nulla fides. Schein betrugt. - -[467] "Maxims of an Old Stager," by Judge Halliburton. - -[468] Ogni lucciola non è fuoco. - -[469] Adó pensas que hay tocinos, no hay estacas. - -[470] Parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. - -[471] Debajo de una mala capa hay un buen bebedor. - -[472] No lo quiero, no lo quiero, mas echad lo en mi capilla. - -[473] Chi biasima vuol comprare. - -[474] Altissima flumina minimo sono labuntur. - -[475] Il n'y a pire eau que l'eau qui dort. - -[476] Le feu le plus couvert est le plus ardent. - -[477] Sotto la bianca cenere sta la brace ardente. - -[478] "Friends in Council." - -[479] Non si tosto si fa un tempio a Dio, che il diavolo ci fabbrica -una cappella appresso. - -[480] Le diable chante la grande messe. - -[481] Detras de la cruz esta el diablo. - -[482] Por las haldas del vicario sube el diablo al campanario. - -[483] O über die schlaue Sunde, die einen Engel vor jeden Teufel stellt! - -[484] Couvrir son diable du plus bel ange. - -[485] Le renard prêche aux poules. - -[486] Quand le diable dit ses patenôtres, il vent te tromper. - -[487] Ante la puerta del rezador nunca eches tu trigo al sol. - -[488] Palabras de santo, y uñas de gato. - -[489] Buen amigo es el gato, sino que rascuña. - -[490] Muchos besan manos que quierian ver cortadas. - -[491] Parece que no enturbia el agua. - -[492] Rien ne ressemble plus à un honnête homme qu'un fripon. - -[493] Non son tutti santi quelli che vanno in chiesa. - -[494] Non tutti chi vanno in chiesa fanno orazione. - -[495] Ne sont pas tous chasseurs qui sonnent du cor. - -[496] Non son soldados todos los que van á la guerra. - -[497] Zij zijn niet allen gelijk die met den keizer rijden. - -[498] - - Ægrotat dæmon, monachus tunc esse volebat; - Dæmon convaluit, dæmon ut ante fuit. - -[499] Tutti i rei divengono predicatori quando stanno sotto la forca. - -[500] Quando el corsario promete misas y cera, con mal anda la galera. - -[501] Claudius accusat mœchos. - -[502] Il frate predicava che non si dovesse robbare, e egli aveva -l'occa nel scapulario. - -[503] Haz lo que dice el frayle, y no lo que hace. - -[504] Homo bilinguis. - -[505] Porter un habit de deux paroisses. - -[506] Duabus sellis sedere. - -[507] Hij huilt met de wolven waarmede hij en het bosch is, en blaat -met de schapen in het veld. - -[508] Flectere si nequeo superos, Acheronta movebo. - -[509] Donner une chandelle à Dieu, et une au diable. - -[510] Donner une chandelle à Saint Michel, et une à son diable. - - - - -OPPORTUNITY. - - - =What may be done at any time will be done at no time.= - -"By the street of By-and-by one arrives at the house of Never" -(Spanish).[511] - - =Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day.= - -"One to-day is worth ten to-morrows" (German).[512] "To-day must borrow -nothing of to-morrow" (German).[513] "When God says to-day, the devil -says to-morrow" (German).[514] Talleyrand used to reverse these maxims: -by never doing to-day what he could put off till to-morrow he avoided -committing himself prematurely. - - =Strike while the iron is hot.= - -This proverb is cosmopolitan; but - - =Make hay while the sun shines= - -is peculiar to England, and, as Trench remarks, could have had its -birth only under such variable skies as ours. - - =Take the ball at the hop.= - - =Take time while time is, for time will away.= - - =Time and tide wait for no man.= - -"God keep you from 'It is too late'" (Spanish).[515] "A little too -late, much too late" (Dutch).[516] "Stay but a while, you lose a mile" -(Dutch).[517] - - =After a delay comes a let.= - - =Delays are dangerous.= - -Especially in affairs of love and marriage. Therefore, "When thy -daughter's chance comes, wait not her father's coming from the market" -(Spanish).[518] Close with the offer on the spot. "When the fool has -made up his mind the market has gone by" (Spanish).[519] - - =He that will not when he may, - When he will he shall have nay.= - -"Some refuse roast meat, and afterwards long for the smoke of it" -(Italian).[520] - - =The nearer the church, the farther from God.= - -"Next to the minster, last to mass" (French).[521] "The nearer to -Rome, the worse Christian" (Dutch).[522] The buyer of many books will -probably read few of them, and somebody has said that he never was -afraid of engaging in a controversy with the owner of a large library. -Many a Londoner would never see half its lions but for the necessity of -showing them to country cousins. - - =The shoemaker's wife goes worst shod.= - -Where the best wine is made the worst is commonly drunk. Better fish is -to be had in Billingsgate than on the seacoast. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[511] Por la calle de despues se va á la casa de nunca. - -[512] Ein Heute ist besser als zehn Morgen. - -[513] Heute muss dem Morgen nichts borgen. - -[514] Wenn Gott sagt: Heute, sagt der Teufel: Morgen. - -[515] Guarde te Dios de hecho es. - -[516] Een wenig te laat, veel te laat. - -[517] Sta maar een wijl, gij verliest een mijl. - -[518] Quando á tu hija le viniere su hado, no aguardes que vienga su -padre del mercado. - -[519] Quando el necio es acordado, el mercado es ya pasado. - -[520] Tal lascia l'arrosto, chi poi ne brama il fumo. Qui refuse, muse. - -[521] Près du monstier, à messe le dernier. - -[522] Hoe digter bij Rom, hoe slechter Christ. - - - - -UNCERTAINTY OF THE FUTURE. HOPE. - - - =Man proposes, God disposes.=[523] - - "There's a divinity that shapes men's ends, - Rough hew them how they will." - - =He that reckons without his host must reckon again.= - - =Don't reckon your chickens before they are hatched.= - -Some of the eggs may be addled. Remember the story of Alnaschar. - - =Sune enough to cry "chick" when it's out o' the shell.=--_Scotch._ - - =Gut nae fish till ye get them.=--_Scotch._ - -"Cry no herring till you have it in the net" (Dutch).[524] "First catch -your hare," says Mrs. Glasse, and then you may settle how you will have -it cooked. The Greeks and Romans thought it not wise "To sing triumph -before the victory."[525] It is a rash bargain "To sell the bird on the -bough" (Italian);[526] or "The bearskin before you have caught the -bear" (Italian),[527] as Æsop has demonstrated. Finally, "Unlaid eggs -are uncertain chickens" (German).[528] - - =Praise a fair day at night.= - - =It is not good praising a ford till a man be over.= - - =Don't halloo till you are out of the wood.= - -"Don't cry 'Hey!' till you are over the ditch" (German).[529] "Look -to the end" (Latin).[530] "No man can with certainty be called happy -before his death," as the Grecian sage told Crœsus. "Call me not olive -till you see me gathered" (Spanish)."[531] - - =To build castles in the air.= - -To let imagination beguile us with visionary prospects. The metaphor -is intelligible to everybody, but that in the French equivalent, -"To build castles in Spain,"[532] requires explanation. The Abbé -Morellet ascribes the origin of this phrase to the general belief -in the boundless wealth of Spain after she had become mistress of -the mines of Mexico and Peru. This is plausible but wrong, for the -"Roman de la Rose," which was published long before the discovery -of America, contains this line, _Lors feras chasteaulx en Espagne._ -M. Quitard says that the proverb dates from the latter part of the -eleventh century, when Henri de Bourgogne crossed the Pyrenees at the -head of a great number of knights to win glory and plunder from the -Infidels, and received from Alfonso, king of Castile, in reward for -his services, the hand of that sovereign's daughter, Theresa, and the -county of Lusitania, which, under his son Alfonso Henriquez, became -the kingdom of Portugal. The success of these illustrious adventurers -excited the emulation of the warlike French nobles, and set every man -dreaming of fiefs to be won, and castles to be built in Spain. Similar -feelings had been awakened some years before by the conquest of England -by William of Normandy, and then the French talked proverbially of -"Building castles in Albany,"[533] that is, in Albion. It is worthy of -remark that previously to the eleventh century there were hardly any -castles built in Christian Spain, or by the Saxons in England. The new -adventurers had to build for themselves. - - =Don't tell the devil too much of your mind.= - -Be not too forward to proclaim your intentions. "Tell your business, -and leave the devil alone to do it for you" (Italian).[534] "A wise -man," Selden tells us, "should never resolve upon anything--at least, -never let the world know his resolution, for if he cannot arrive at -that he is ashamed. How many things did the king resolve, in his -declaration concerning Scotland, never to do, and yet did them all! -A man must do according to accidents and emergencies. Never tell -your resolution beforehand, but when the cast is thrown play it as -well as you can to win the game you are at. 'Tis but folly to study -how to play size ace when you know not whether you shall throw it or -no." "Muddy though it be, say not, 'Of this water I will not drink'" -(Spanish).[535] "There is no use in saying, 'Such a way I will not go, -or such water I will not drink'" (Italian).[536] - - =There's many a slip 'twixt the cup and the lip.= - -"Between the hand and the mouth the soup is often spilt" (French).[537] -"Wine poured out is not swallowed" (French).[538] These three proverbs -are derived from the same Greek original, the English one being -nearest to it in form. A king of Samos tasked his slaves unmercifully -in laying out a vineyard, and one of them, exasperated by this ill -usage, prophesied that his master would never drink of the wine of that -vineyard. Eager to confute this prediction, the king took the first -grapes produced by his vines, pressed them into a cup in the slave's -presence, and derided him as a false prophet. The slave replied, "Many -things happen between the cup and the lip;" and these words became a -proverb, for just then a cry was raised that a wild boar had broken -into the vineyard, and the king, setting down the untested cup, went to -meet the beast, and was killed in the encounter. - - =God send you readier meat than running hares.= - - =A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.= - - =Better a wren in the hand than a crane in the air.=--_Irish_ and - _French_.[539] - -Cranes were in much request for the table down to the end of the -fourteenth century, if not later. "Better a leveret in the kitchen than -a wild boar in the forest" (Livonian). "Better is an egg to-day than a -pullet to-morrow" (Italian).[540] "One here-it-is is better than two -you-shall-have-it's" (French).[541] - - =Possession is nine points of the law.= - -And there are only ten of them in all. Others reckon possession -as eleven points, the whole number being twelve. "Him that is in -possession God helps" (Italian).[542] "Possession is as good as title" -(French).[543] - - =I'll not change a cottage in possession for a kingdom in reversion.= - - =Better haud by a hair nor draw by a tether.=--_Scotch._ - - =He that waits for dead men's shoes may long go barefoot.= - - =He gaes lang barefoot that wears dead men's shoon.=--_Scotch._ - -"He hauls at a long rope who desires another's death" (French).[544] -"He who waits for another's trencher eats a cold meal" (Catalan).[545] - - =Live, horse, and you'll get grass.=[546] - -"Die not, O mine ass, for the spring is coming, and with it clover" -(Turkish). Unfortunately, "For the hungry, _wait_ is a hard word" -(German);[547] and - - =While the grass grows the steed starves.= - - =The old horse may die waiting for new grass.= - - - =Hope holds up the head.= - - =Hope is the bread of the unhappy.= - - =Were it not for hope the heart would break.= - - =He that lives on hope has a slim diet.= - -Aubrey relates that Lord Bacon, being in York House garden, looking on -fishers as they were throwing their net, asked them what they would -take for their draught. They answered so much. His lordship would offer -them only so much. They drew up their net, and in it were only two or -three little fishes. His lordship then told them it had been better for -them to have taken his offer. They replied, they hoped to have had a -better draught; but, said his lordship,-- - - ="Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper."= - -"Hope and expectation are a fool's income" (Danish).[548] - - =Hopes deferred hang the heart on tenter hooks.= - -"He gives twice who gives quickly" (Latin);[549] and "A prompt refusal -has in part the grace of a favour granted" (Latin).[550] - - =All is not at hand that helps.= - -We cannot foresee whence help may come to us, nor always trace back to -their sources the advantages we actually enjoy. "Water comes to the -mill from afar" (Portuguese).[551] On the other hand, "Far water does -not put out near fire" (Italian);[552] and "Better is a near neighbour -than a distant cousin" (Italian).[553] "Friends living far away are no -friends" (Greek).[554] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[523] In French, L'homme propose, Dieu dispose; in German, Man denkt's, -Gott lenkt's. The Spanish form is a little different: Los dichos en -nos, los hechos en Dios. - -[524] Roep geen haring eer hij in't net is. - -[525] Ante victoriam canere triumphum. - -[526] Vender l'uccello in sù la frasca. - -[527] Non vender la pelle dell' orso prima di pigliarlo. - -[528] Ungelegte Eier sind ungewisse Hünnlein. - -[529] Rufe nicht "Juch!" bis du über den Graben bist. - -[530] Respice finem. - -[531] No me digas oliva hasta que me veas cogida. - -[532] Faire des châteaux en Espagne. - -[533] Faire des chasteaulx en Albanie. - -[534] Di il fatto tuo, e lascia far al diavolo. - -[535] Por turbia que esté, no digas desta agua no bebere. - -[536] Non giova a dire per tal via non passerò, ni di tal acqua beverò. - -[537] De la main à la bouche se perd souvent la soupe. - -[538] Vin versé n'est pas avalé. - -[539] Moineau en main vaut mieux que grue qui vole. - -[540] E meglio aver oggi un uovo che domani una gallina. - -[541] Mieux vaut un tenez que deux vous l'aurez. - -[542] A chi è in tenuta, Dio gli aiuta. - -[543] Possession vaut titre. - -[544] A longue corde tire, qui d'autrui mort désire. - -[545] Qui escudella d'altri espera, freda la menja. - -[546] In Italian, Caval non morire, che erba da venire. - -[547] Dem Hungrigen ist "Harr" ein hart Wort. - -[548] Haabe og vente er Giekerente. - -[549] Bis dat, qui cito dat. - -[550] Pars est beneficii quod petitur si cito neges.--_Publius Syrus._ - -[551] De lomge vem agoa a o moinho. - -[552] Acqua lontana non spegne il fuoco vicino. - -[553] Meglio un prossimo vicino che un lontano cugino. - -[554] Τηλου ναιοντες φιλοι ουκ εισι φιλοι. - - - - -EXPERIENCE. - - - =Bought wit is best.= - - =Wit once bought is worth twice taught.= - - =Hang a dog on a crabtree, and he'll never love verjuice.= - - =A burnt child dreads the fire.= - -Fear is so imaginative that it starts even at the ghost of a -remembered danger. "A scalded dog dreads cold water" (French, Italian, -Spanish).[555] "A dog which has been beaten with a stick is afraid -of its shadow" (Italian).[556] "Whom a serpent has bitten, a lizard -alarms" (Italian).[557] "One who has been bitten by a serpent is afraid -of a rope" (Hebrew). "The man who has been beaten with a firebrand runs -away at the sight of a firefly" (Cingalese). "He that has been wrecked -shudders even at still water" (Ovid).[558] - - =Experience is the mistress of fools.= - -She keeps a dear school, says Poor Richard; but fools will learn in no -other, and scarce in that. "An ass does not stumble twice over the -same stone" (French).[559] "Unfairly does he blame Neptune who suffers -shipwreck a second time" (Publius Syrus).[560] - - =He that will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the - rock.=--_Cornish._ - - =Better learn frae your neebor's scathe than frae your ain.=--_Scotch._ - -Wise men learn by others' harms, fools by their own, like Epimetheus, -the Greek personification of after-wit.[561] "Happy he who is made wary -by others' perils" (Latin).[562] - - =Old birds are not to be caught with chaff.= - -"Old crows are hard to catch" (German).[563] "New nets don't catch old -birds" (Italian).[564] - - =I'm ower auld a cat to draw a strae [straw] afore my nose.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, I am not to be gulled. A kitten will jump at a straw drawn -before her, but a cat that knows the world is not to be fooled in that -way. - - =Don't tell new lies to old rogues.= - - =He that cheats me ance, shame fa' him; if he cheats me twice, - shame fa' me.=--_Scotch._ - - =It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.= - -The French have a humorous equivalent for this proverb, growing out of -the following story:--A young rustic told his priest at confession that -he had broken down a neighbour's hedge to get at a blackbird's nest. -The priest asked if he had taken away the young birds. "No," said he, -"they were hardly grown enough. I will let them alone until Saturday -evening." No more was said on the subject, but when Saturday evening -came, the young fellow found the nest empty, and readily guessed who it -was that had forestalled him. The next time he went to confession he -had to tell something in which a young girl was partly concerned. "Oh!" -said his ghostly father; "how old is she?" "Seventeen." "Good-looking?" -"The prettiest girl in the village." "What is her name? Where does -she live?" the confessor hastily inquired; and then he got for answer -the phrase which has passed into a proverb, "À d'autres, dénicheur de -merles!" which may be paraphrased, "Try that upon somebody else, Mr. -filcher of blackbirds." - - =When an old dog barks look out.= - -"An old dog does not bark for nothing" (Italian).[565] "There is no -hunting but with old hounds" (French).[566] - - =Live and learn.= - - =The langer we live the mair ferlies [wonders] we see.=--_Scotch._ - - =Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.= - -"Wind in the face makes a man wise" (French).[567] - - =A smooth sea never made a skilful mariner.= - - =It is hard to halt before a cripple.= - -It is hard to counterfeit lameness successfully in presence of a -real cripple. "He who is of the craft can discourse about it." -(Italian).[568] "Don't talk Latin before clerks" (French),[569] or -"Arabic in the Moor's house" (Spanish).[570] - - =The proof of the pudding is in the eating.= - -"Do not judge of the ship while it is on the stocks" (Italian).[571] - - =War's sweet to them that never tried it.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[555] Chat échaudé craint l'eau froide. - -[556] Il can battuto dal bastone, ha paura dell' ombra. - -[557] Chi della serpe è punto, ha paura della lucertola. - -[558] Tranquillas etiam naufragus horret aquas. - -[559] Un âne ne trébuche pas deux fois sur la même pierre. - -[560] Improbe Neptunum accusat qui iterum naufragium facit. - -[561] Ὁϛ ἐπεί κακὸν ἒχε νόησε. - -[562] Felix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum. - -[563] Alte Krähen sind schwer zu fangen. - -[564] Nuova rete non piglia uccello vecchio. - -[565] Cane vecchio non baia indarno. - -[566] Il n'est chasse que de vieux chiens. - -[567] Vent au visage rend un homme sage. - -[568] Chi è dell'arte, può ragionar della. - -[569] Il ne faut pas parler latin devant les clercs. - -[570] In casa del moro no hablar algarabia. - -[571] Non giudicar la nave stando in terra. - - - - -CHOICE. DILEMMA. COMPARISON. - - - =Pick and choose, and take the worst.= - - =The lass that has mony wooers aft wales [chooses] the warst.=--_Scotch._ - - =Refuse a wife with one fault, and take one with two.=--_Welsh._ - -"He that has a choice has trouble" (Dutch).[572] "He that chooses takes -the worst" (French).[573] - - =Of two evils choose the least.= - - =Where bad is the best, naught must be the choice.= - -A traveller in America, inquiring his way, was told there were two -roads, one long, and the other short, and that it mattered not which he -took. Surprised at such a direction, he asked, "Can there be a doubt -about the choice between the long and the short?" and the answer was, -"Why, no matter which of the two you take, you will not have gone far -in it before you will wish from the bottom of your heart that you had -taken t'other." - - ="There's ne'er a best among them," as the fellow said of the fox cubs.= - - =As good eat the devil as the broth he's boiled in.= - - =Out of the fryingpan into the fire.= - -To escape from one evil and incur another as bad or worse is an idea -expressed in many proverbial metaphors; _e.g._, "To come out of the -rain under the spout" (German).[574] "Flying from the bull, I fell into -the river" (Spanish).[575] "To break the constable's head and take -refuge with the sheriff" (Spanish).[576] "To shun Charybdis and strike -upon Scylla" is a well-known phrase, which almost everybody supposes -to have been current among the ancients. It is not to be found, -however, in any classical author, but appears for the first time in the -Alexandriad of Philip Gaultier, a medieval Latin poet. In his fifth -book he thus apostrophises Darius when flying from Alexander:-- - - "Nescis, heu! perdite, nescis - Quem fugias: hostes incurris dum fugis hostem; - Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim." - - =Go forward, and fall; go backward, and mar all.= - -"A precipice ahead; wolves behind" (Latin).[577] "To be between the -hammer and the anvil" (French).[578] - - =You may go farther and fare worse.= - - =To be between the devil and the deep sea.= - - =The one-eyed is a king in the land of the blind.= - - "A substitute shines brightly as a king - Until a king be by." - -"Where there are no dogs the fox is a king" (Italian).[579] - - =They that be in hell think there is no other heaven.= - - - =It is good to have two strings to one's bow.= - - =It is good riding at two anchors.= - - =He is no fox that hath but one hole.= - - =The mouse that has but one hole is soon caught.= (Latin)[580] - - =Do not put all your eggs in one basket=; - -nor "too many of them under one hen" (Dutch).[581] "Hang not all upon -one nail" (German),[582] nor risk your whole fortune upon one venture. - - =Comparisons are odious.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[572] Die keur heeft, heeft angst. - -[573] Qui choisit prend le pire. - -[574] Aus dem hegen unter die Traufe kommen. - -[575] Huyendo del tore, cayó en el arroyo. - -[576] Descalabrar el alguacil, y accogerse al corregidor. - -[577] A fronte præcipitium, a tergo lupi. - -[578] Être entre le marteau et l'enclume. - -[579] Dove non sono i cani, la volpe è re. - -[580] Mus uni non fidit antro.--_Plautus._ - -[581] Man moet niet te viel eijeren onder eene hen leggen. - -[582] Henke nicht alles auf einen Nagel. - - - - -SHIFTS. CONTRIVANCES. STRAINED USES. - - - =A bad shift is better than none.= - - =Better sup wi' a cutty nor want a spune.=--_Scotch._ - -A cutty is a spoon with a stumpy handle or none at all. It is not a -very convenient implement, but it will serve at a pinch. - - =A bad bush is better than the open field.= - - =A wee bush is better nor nae bield.=--_Scotch._ - -Bield, shelter. A man's present occupation may not be lucrative, or -his connections as serviceable as he could wish, but he should not -therefore quit them until he has better. - - =Half a loaf is better than no bread.= - - =I will make a shaft or a bolt of it.= - -A shaft is an arrow for the longbow, a bolt is for the crossbow. - - =If I canna do it by might I'll do it by slight.=--_Scotch._ - -"It's best no to be rash," said Edie Ochiltree-- - - =Sticking disna gang by strength, but by the guiding o' the - gully.=--_Scotch._ - -A gully is a butcher's knife. There is a knack even in slaughtering a -pig. - - =There goes reason to the roasting of eggs.= - - =Many ways to kill a dog besides hanging him.= - -A story told by the African traveller, Richardson, supplies an apt -illustration of this proverb. An Arab woman preferred another man to -her husband, and frankly confessed that her affections had strayed. Her -lord, instead of flying into a passion and killing her on the spot, -thought a moment, and said, "I will consent to divorce you if you -will promise me one thing." "What is that?" the wife eagerly asked. -"You must _looloo_ to me only on your wedding day." This _looloo_ is -a peculiar cry with which it is customary for brides to salute any -handsome passer-by. The woman gave the promise required, the divorce -took place, and the marriage followed. On the day of the ceremony the -ex-husband passed the camel on which the bride rode, and gave her the -usual salute by discharging his firelock, in return for which she -loolooed to him according to promise. The new bridegroom, enraged at -this marked preference--for he noticed that she had not greeted any -one else--and suspecting that he was duped, instantly fell upon the -bride and slew her. He had no sooner done so than her brothers came -up and shot him dead, so that the first husband found himself amply -avenged without having endangered himself in the slightest degree. -"Contrivance is better than force" (French).[583] Lysander of Sparta -was reproached for relying too little on open valour in war, and -too much on ruses not always worthy of a descendant of Hercules. He -replied, in allusion to the skin of the Nemæan beast worn by his great -ancestor, "Where the lion's skin comes short we must eke it out with -the fox's." - - =It is easy to find a stick to beat a dog=; _or_, - =It is easy to find a stone to throw at a dog.= - -It is easy for the strong to find an excuse for maltreating the weak. -"On a little pretext the wolf seizes the sheep" (French),[584] or the -lamb, as the fable shows. "If you want to flog your dog say he ate the -poker" (Spanish).[585] "If a man wants to thrash his wife, let him ask -her for drink in the sunshine" (Spanish),[586] for then what can be -easier for him than to pick a quarrel with her about the motes in the -clearest water? - - =A handsaw is a good thing, but not to shave with.= - -Everything to its proper use. In Italy they say, "With the Gospel -sometimes one becomes a heretic." Disraeli, and after him Dean Trench, -have given to this proverb an erroneous interpretation, founded on -a false reading. Their version of it is "Coll' Evangelo si diventa -heretico." Here there is no qualifying "sometimes;" the proposition is -put absolutely, and the two English writers consider it to be a popular -"confession that the maintenance of the Romish system and the study -of Holy Scripture cannot go together." It would certainly be "not a -little remarkable," if it were true, "that such a confession should -have embodied itself in the popular utterances of the nation;" but -the fact is that nothing more is meant by the proverb than what the -Inquisition itself might sanction. It is only a pointed way of saying -that anything, however good, is liable to be used mischievously.[587] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[583] Mieux vaut engin que force. - -[584] À petite achoison le loup prend le mouton. - -[585] Para azotar el perro, que se come el hierro. - -[586] Quien quiere dar palos á su muger, pidele al sol á bever. - -[587] "Con l'Evangelo talvolta si diventa eretico" is the original, as -given by Toriano in his folio collection of Italian proverbs, London, -1666. In Giusti's "Raccolta," &c., Firenza, 1853, we read, "Col Vangelo -si può diventar eretici," to which the editor appends this gloss, "Ogni -cosa può torcersi a male." - - - - -ADVICE. - - - =He that will not be counselled cannot be helped.= - -"He who will not go to heaven needs no preaching" (German).[588] "He -that will not hear must feel" (German).[589] - - =Two heads are better than one.= - -"Four eyes see more than two" (Spanish);[590] and "More know the pope -and a peasant than the pope alone,"[591] as they say in Venice. - - =Come na to the council unca'd.=--_Scotch._ - -"Never give advice unasked" (German).[592] - - =Every one thinks himself able to advise another.= - -"Nothing is given so freely as advice" (French).[593] "Of judgment -every one has a stock for sale" (Italian).[594] - - =He that kisseth his wife in the market-place shall have people enough - to teach him.= - -"He who builds according to every man's advice will have a crooked -house" (Danish).[595] - - =He that speers a' opinions comes ill speed.=--_Scotch._ - -"If you want to get into the bog ask five fools the way to the wood" -(Livonian). "Take help of many, counsel of few" (Danish).[596] - - =A fool may put something in a wise man's head.= - -It was a saying of Cato the elder, that wise men learnt more by fools -than fools by wise men. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[588] Wer nicht in den Himmel will, braucht keine Predigt. - -[589] Wer nicht hören will, muss fühlen. - -[590] Mas veen quatro ojos que dos. - -[591] Sa più il papa e un contadino che il papa solo. - -[592] Rathe Niemand ungebeten. - -[593] Rien ne se donne aussi libéralement que les conseils. - -[594] Del judizio ognun ne vende. - -[595] Hvo som bygger efter hver Mands Raad, hans Huser kommer kroget at -staae. - -[596] Tag Mange til Hielp og Faa til Rad. - - - - -DETRACTION. CALUMNY. COMMON FAME. GOOD REPUTE. - - - =The smoke follows the fairest.= - -The original of this is in Aristophanes: it means that - - "Envy doth merit like its shade pursue." - -"The best bearing trees are the most beaten" (Italian).[597] "It -is only at the tree laden with fruit that people throw stones" -(French).[598] "Towers," say the Chinese, "are measured by their -shadows, and great men by their calumniators." An old French proverb -compares detraction to dogs that bark only at the full moon, and never -heed her in the quarter. "If the fool has a hump," say the Livonians, -"no one notices it; if the wise man has a pimple everybody talks about -it." - - =Slander leaves a slur.= - -"A blow of a fryingpan smuts, if it does not hurt" (Spanish).[599] The -Arabs say, "Take a bit of mud, dab it against the wall: if it does not -stick it will leave its mark;" and we have a similar proverb derived -from the Latin:[600]-- - - =Throw much dirt, and some will stick.= - -Fortunately - - =When the dirt's dry it will rub out.= - - =Ill-will never spoke well.= - -The evidence of a prejudiced witness is to be distrusted. "He -that is an enemy to the bride does not speak well of the wedding" -(Spanish);[601] and "A runaway monk never spoke in praise of his -monastery" (Italian).[602] - - =Give a dog an ill name and hang him.= - - ="I'll not beat thee, not abuse thee," said the Quaker to his dog; - "but I'll give thee an ill name."=--_Irish._ - - =He that hath an ill name is half hanged.= - -A French proverb declares, with a still bolder figure, that "Report -hangs the man."[603] The Spaniards say, "Whoso wants to kill his dog -has but to charge him with madness."[604] - - =All are not thieves that dogs bark at.= - -The innocent are sometimes cried down. "An honest man is not the worse -because a dog barks at him" (Danish).[605] "What cares lofty Diana for -the barking dog?" (Latin).[606] - - =Common fame is seldom to blame.= - - =What everybody says must be true.= - - =It never smokes but there's a fire.= - -"There's never a cry of 'Wolf!' but the wolf is in the district" -(Italian).[607] "There's never much talk of a thing but there's some -truth in it" (Italian).[608] This is the sense in which our droll -English saying is applied:-- - - ="There was a thing in it!" quoth the fellow when he drank the - dishclout.= - -To accept the last half-dozen of proverbs too absolutely would often -lead us to uncharitable conclusions; we must, therefore, temper our -belief in these maxims by means of their opposites, such as this:-- - - =Common fame is a common liar.= - -"Hearsay is half lies" (German, Italian).[609] "Hear the other side, -and believe little" (Italian).[610] - - =A tale never loses in the telling.= - -Witness George Colman's story of the Three Black Crows. - - =The devil is not so black as he is painted.= - -Nor is the lion so fierce (Spanish).[611] "Report makes the wolf bigger -than he is" (German).[612] - - =It is a sin to belie the devil.= - - =Give the devil his due.= - - =If one's name be up he may lie in bed.= - -"Get a good name and go to sleep" (Spanish).[613] So do many. Hence it -is often better to intrust the execution of a work to be done to an -obscure man than to one whose reputation is established. - - =One man may better steal a horse than another look over the - hedge.= - -"A good name covers theft" (Spanish).[614] "The honest man enjoys the -theft" (Spanish).[615] - - =A gude name is sooner tint [lost] than won.=--_Scotch._ - -"Once in folks' mouths, hardly ever well out of them again" -(German).[616] "Good repute is like the cypress: once cut, it never -puts forth leaf again" (Italian).[617] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[597] I megliori alberi sono i più battuti. - -[598] On ne jette des pierres qu'à l'arbre chargé de fruits. - -[599] El golpe de la sarten, aunque no duele, tizna. - -[600] Calumniare audacter, aliquid adhærebit. - -[601] El que es enemigo de la novia no dice bien de la boda. - -[602] Monaco vagabondo non disse mai lode del suo monastero. - -[603] Le bruit pend l'homme. - -[604] Quien á su perro quiere matas, rabia le ha de levantar. - -[605] Ærlig Mand er ei disværre, at en Hund göer ad ham. - -[606] Latrantem curatne alta Diana canem? - -[607] E' non si grida mai al lupo, che non sia in paese. - -[608] Non si dice mai tanto una cosa che non sia qualche cosa. - -[609] Hörensagen ist halb gelogen. Aver sentito dire è mezza buggia. - -[610] Odi l'altra parte, e credi poco. - -[611] No es tan bravo el leon como le pintan. - -[612] Geschrei macht den Wolf grösser als er ist. - -[613] Cobra buena fama, y échate á dormir. - -[614] Buena fama hurto encubre. - -[615] El buen hombre goza el hurto. - -[616] Einmal in der Leute Mund, kommt man übel wieder heraus. - -[617] La buona fama è come il cipresso: una volta tagliato non -riverdisce più. - - - - -TRUTH. FALSEHOOD. HONESTY. - - - =A lie has no legs.= - -A proverb of eastern origin, meaning that a lie has no stability: -wrestle with it, and down it goes. The Italians and Spaniards say, -"A lie has short legs;"[618] and in the same sense "A liar is sooner -caught than a cripple."[619] He trips up his own heels. - - =Liars should have good memories.= - -"Memory in a liar is no more than needs," says Fuller. "For, first, -lies are hard to be remembered, because many, whereas truth is but -one: secondly, because a lie cursorily told takes little footing and -settled fatness in the teller's memory, but prints itself deeper in the -hearer's, who takes the greater notice because of the improbability and -deformity thereof; and one will remember the sight of a monster longer -than the sight of an handsome body. Hence come sit to pass that when -the liar hath forgotten himself his auditors put him in mind of the -lie, and take him therein." - - =Fair fall truth and daylight.= - - =Speak truth and shame the devil.= - - =Truth and honesty keep the crown o' the causey.=--_Scotch._ - -They march boldly along the middle of the roadway, which was formerly -the place of honour for pedestrians in Scottish towns. "Truth seeks no -corners" (Latin).[620] - - =Truth may be blamed, but shall ne'er be shamed.= - -"It is mighty, and will prevail" (Latin).[621] "It is God's -daughter" (Spanish).[622] "Truth and oil always come to the surface" -(Spanish).[623] "It takes a good many shovelfuls of earth to bury the -truth" (German).[624] - - =Plain dealing is a jewel, but they that use it die beggars.= - -"He that speaks truth must have one foot in the stirrup," say the -Turks, who are a people by no means addicted to lying. "People praise -truth, but invite lying to be their guest" (Lettish). "My gossips -dislike me because I tell them the truth" (Spanish).[625] - - =Truth has a good face, but ragged clothes.= - - =He that follows truth too near the heels will have dirt kicked in his - face.= - - -Is it Charles Lamb who says that a rogue is a fool with a -circumbendibus? - - =An honest man's word is as good as his bond.= - -And better than what is called "Connaught security: three in a bond and -a book oath." - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[618] La mentira tiene cortas las piernas. Le bugie hanno corte le -gambe. - -[619] Si arriva più presto un bugiardo che un zoppo. - -[620] Veritas non quærit angulos. - -[621] Magna est veritas et prævalebit. - -[622] La verdad es hija de Dios. - -[623] La verdad, como el olio, siempre anda en somo. - -[624] Zum Begräbniss der Wahrheit gehören viel Schaufeln. - -[625] Mal me quieren mis comadres, porque les digo las verdades. - - - - -SPEECH. SILENCE. - - - =Speech is silvern, silence is golden.= - -"Be silent, or say something that is better than silence" -(German).[626] "Better silence than ill speech" (Swedish).[627] -"Talking comes by nature, silence of understanding" (German).[628] "Who -speaks, sows; who keeps silence, reaps" (Italian).[629] - - =Silence seldom does harm.= - - =Least said, soonest mended.= - -The principle applies still more forcibly to writing. "Words fly, -writing remains" (Latin).[630] A man's spoken words may be unnoticed, -or forgotten, or denied; but what he has put down in black and white is -tangible evidence against him. Therefore "Think much, say little, write -less" (Italian).[631] Give Cardinal Richelieu two lines of any man's -writing and he needed no more to hang him. Fabio Merto, an archbishop -of the seventeenth century, has oddly remarked, "It is nowhere -mentioned in the Gospels that our Lord wrote more than once, and then -it was on the sand, in order that the wind might efface the writing." -"Silence was never written down" (Italian);[632] and "A silent man's -words are not brought into court" (Danish).[633] "Hear, see, and say -nothing, if you wish to live in peace" (Italian).[634] - - =A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.= - -"Let not the tongue say what the head shall pay for" (Spanish).[635] -"The sheep that bleats is strangled by the wolf" (Italian).[636] -"He that knows nothing knows enough if he knows how to be silent" -(Italian).[637] - - =A fool's bolt is soon shot.= - -"A foolish judge passes quick sentence" (French).[638] "He who knows -little soon sings it out" (Spanish).[639] - - =When a fool has spoken he has done all.= - -"It is always the worst wheel that creaks" (French, Italian).[640] The -shallowest persons are the most loquacious. "Were fools silent they -would pass for wise" (Dutch).[641] - - =Silence gives consent.= - -"Silence answers much" (Dutch).[642] - - =A man may hold his tongue in an ill time.= - -"Amyclæ was undone by silence" (Latin).[643] The citizens having been -often frightened with false news of the enemy's coming, made it penal -for any one to report such a thing in future. Hence, when the enemy did -come indeed, they were surprised and taken. There is a time to speak as -well as to be silent. - - =Spare to speak and spare to speed.= - -"If the child does not cry the mother does not understand it" -(Russian). "Him that speaks not, God hears not" (Spanish).[644] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[626] Schweig, oder rede etwas das besser ist denn Schweigen. - -[627] Bättre tyga än illa tala. - -[628] Reden kommt von Natur, Schweigen von Verstunde. - -[629] Chi parla, semina; chi tace, raccoglie. - -[630] Verba volant, scripta manent. - -[631] Pensa molto, parla poco, scrivi meno. - -[632] Il tacere non fu mai scritto. - -[633] Tiende Mands Ord komme ei til Tinge. - -[634] Odi, vedi, e taci, se vuoi viver in pace. - -[635] No diga la lengua por do paque la cabeza. - -[636] Pecora che bela, il lupo la strozza. - -[637] Assai sa, chi non sa, se tacer sa. - -[638] De fol juge brève sentence. - -[639] Quien poco sabe, presto lo reza. - -[640] C'est toujours la plus mauvaise roue qui crie. E la peggior ruota -quella che fa più rumore. - -[641] Zweegen de dwazen zij waren wijs. - -[642] Zwijgen antwoordt veel. - -[643] Amyclas silentium perdidit. - -[644] A quien no habla, no le oye Dios. - - - - -THREATENING. BOASTING. - - - =The greatest barkers bite not sorest.= - - =Great barkers are nae biters.=--_Scotch._ - -Those who threaten most loudly are not the most to be feared. "Timid -dogs bark worse than they bite" (Latin),[645] was a proverb of the -Bactrians, as Quintus Curtius informs us. The Turks say, "The dog -barks, but the caravan passes." "What matters the barking of the dog -that does not bite?" (German);[646] but "Beware of a silent dog and of -still water" (Latin).[647] "The silent dog bites first" (German).[648] -"A fig for our democrats!" Horace Walpole wrote in 1792. "Barking dogs -never bite. The danger in France arose from silent and instantaneous -action. They said nothing, and did everything. Ours say everything, and -will do nothing." - - =Threatened folk live long.= - -"Longer lives he that is threatened than he that is hanged" -(Italian).[649] "More are threatened than are stabbed" (Spanish).[650] -"Threatened folk, too, eat bread" (Portuguese).[651] "David did not -slay Goliath with words" (Icelandic).[652] "No one dies of threats" -(Dutch).[653] "Not all threateners fight" (Dutch).[654] "Some threaten -who are afraid" (French).[655] "A curse does not knock an eye out -unless the fist go with it" (Danish).[656] "The cat's curse hurts the -mice less than her bite" (Livonian). - - =Lang mint, little dint.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, a blow long aimed or threatened has little force; or, as -the Italians and Spaniards say, "A blow threatened was never well -given."[657] - - =Silence grips the mouse.= - -"A mewing cat was never a good mouser" (Spanish).[658] "He that -threatens warns" (German).[659] "He that threatens wastes his anger" -(Portuguese).[660] "The threatener loses the opportunity of vengeance" -(Spanish).[661] "Threats are arms for the threatened" (Italian).[662] - - =Fleying [frightening] a bird is no the way to grip it.=--_Scotch._ - - =The way to catch a bird is no to fling your bonnet at her.=--_Scotch._ - -"Hares are not caught with beat of drum" (French).[663] - - =Let not your mousetrap smell of blood.= - - =Never show your teeth when you can't bite.= - - =Brag is a good dog, but Holdfast is a better.= - - =A boaster and a liar are cousins german.= - -"Believe a boaster as you would a liar" (Italian).[664] "Who is the -greatest liar? He that talks most of himself" (Chinese). - - =The greatest talkers are always the least doers.= - - =Great boast, small roast.= - -"Great vaunters, little doers" (French).[665] "It is not the hen which -cackles most that lays most eggs" (Dutch).[666] "A long tongue betokens -a short hand" (Spanish).[667] - - =Saying gangs cheap.=--_Scotch._ - - =Saying and doing are two things.= - -"From saying to doing is a long stretch" (French).[668] "Words are -female, deeds are male" (Italian).[669] "Words will not do for my aunt, -for she does not trust even deeds" (Spanish).[670] - - =His wind shakes no corn.=--_Scotch._ - - =Harry Chuck ne'er slew a man till he cam nigh him.=--_Scotch._ - -Harry Chuck is understood to have been a vapouring fellow of the -Ancient Pistol order, one of those who would give "A great stab to -a dead Moor" (Spanish).[671] "It is easy to frighten a bull from -the window" (Italian).[672] "Many are brave when the enemy flees" -(Italian).[673] - - =It is well said, but who will bell the cat?=--_Scotch._ - -"The mice consult together how to take the cat, but they do not agree -upon the matter" (Livonian). "Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, a man -remarkable for strength of body and mind, acquired the popular name of -Bell-the-Cat upon the following remarkable occasion:--When the Scottish -nobility assembled to deliberate on putting the obnoxious favourites -of James III. to death, Lord Grey told them the fable of the mice, who -resolved that one of their number should put a bell round the neck of -the cat, to warn them of its coming; but no one was so hardy as to -attempt it. 'I understand the moral,' said Angus; 'I will bell the -cat.' He bearded the king to purpose by hanging the favourites over the -bridge of Lauder; Cochran, their chief, being elevated higher than the -rest."--(_Note to Marmion._) - - =Self-praise is no commendation.= - - =Self-praise stinks.= - - =Ye live beside ill neebours.=--_Scotch._ - - =Your trumpeter is dead.= - -The last two are taunts addressed to persons who sound their own -praises. - - =A man may love his house weel, and no ride on the riggen - o't.=--_Scotch._ - -A man does not prove the depth and sincerity of his sentiments by an -ostentatious display of them. - - =Good wine needs no bush.= - - =Gude ale needs nae wisp.=--_Scotch._ - -A bunch of twigs, or a wisp of hay or straw hung up at a roadside -house, is a sign that drink is sold within. This custom, which still -lingers in the cider-making counties of the west of England, and -prevails more generally in France, is derived from the Romans, among -whom a bunch of ivy, the plant sacred to Bacchus, was appropriately -used as the sign of a wine-shop. They, too, used to say, "Vendible wine -needs no ivy hung up."[674] "Good wine needs no crier" (Spanish).[675] -"It sells itself" (Spanish).[676] "Bosky" is one of the innumerable -euphemisms for "drunk." Probably the phrase, "he is bosky," originally -conveyed an allusion to the symbolical use of the bush, with which all -good fellows were familiar in the olden time. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[645] Apud Bactryanos vulgo usurpabant canem timidum vehementius -latrare quam mordere. - -[646] Was schadet das Hundes Bellen der nicht beisst? - -[647] Cave tibi cane muto et aqua silente. - -[648] Schweigender Hund beisst am ersten. - -[649] Vive più il minacciato che l'impiccato. - -[650] Mas son los amenazados que los acuchillados. - -[651] Tambem os ameaçados comem paō. - -[652] Ekks Davith Goliat med ordum drap. - -[653] Van dreigen sterft men niet. - -[654] Alle dreigers vechten niet. - -[655] Tel menace qui a peur. - -[656] Bande bider ei Öie ud, uden Næven fölger med. - -[657] Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. Bofetón amagado, nunca bien -dado. - -[658] Gato maullador nunca buen caçador. - -[659] Wer droht, warnt. - -[660] Quem ameaça, su ira gasta. - -[661] El amenazador hace perder el lugar de venganza. - -[662] Le minaccie son arme del minacciato. - -[663] On ne prend pas le lèvre au tambour. - -[664] Credi al vantatore come al mentitore. - -[665] Grands vanteurs, petits faiseurs. - -[666] Het hoen, dat het meest kakelt, geeft de meeste eijers niet. - -[667] La lengua luenga es señal de mano corta. - -[668] Du dire au fait il y a grand trait. - -[669] Le parole son femmine, e i fatti son maschi. - -[670] No son palabras para mi tia, que aun de las obras no se fia. - -[671] A moro muerto gran lanzada. - -[672] E facile far paura al toro dalla fenestra. - -[673] Molli son bravi quando l'inimico frigge. - -[674] Vino vendibili suspensa hedera non est opus. - -[675] El vino bueno no ha menester pregonero. - -[676] El buen vino la venta trae consigo. - - - - -SECRETS. - - - =No secrets but between two.= - -"Where could you have heard that?" said a friend to Grattan. "Why, it -is a profound secret." "I heard it," said Grattan, "where secrets are -kept--in the street." Napoleon I. used to say, "Secrets travel fast in -Paris."[677] - - =Three may keep counsel if two be away.= - -We are told in several languages "That the secret of two is God's -secret--the secret of three is all the world's;"[678] and the Spaniards -hold that "What three know every creature knows."[679] The surest plan -is, of course, not to trust to anybody; and this was the plan pursued -by Alva and by Q. Metellus Macedonicus, whose maxim, "If my tunic knew -my secret I would burn it forthwith," has been turned by the French -into a rhyming proverb of their own: "Let the shirt next your skin -not know what's within."[680] The Chinese say, "What is whispered -in the ear is often heard a hundred miles off." Truly "Nothing is so -burdensome as a secret" (French).[681] The Livonians have this humorous -hyperbole, "Confide a secret to a dumb man and it will make him speak." -King Midas's barber scraped a hole in the earth, and, lying down, -poured into it the tremendous secret that oppressed him; but the earth -did not keep it close, for it sprouted up with the growing corn, which -proclaimed with articulate rustlings, "King Midas hath the ears of an -ass." - - =Tom Noddy's secret.= - -Or, "The secret of Polichinelle" (French);[682] that is to say, one -which is known to everybody. This is what the Spaniards call "The -secret of Anchuelos."[683] The town of that name lies in a gorge -between two steep hills, on one of which a shepherd tended his flock, -on the other a shepherdess. This pair kept up an amorous converse by -bawling from hill to hill, but always with many mutual injunctions of -secrecy. - - =Murder will out.= - -"And a man's child cannot be hid," adds Lancelot Gobbo. The English -proverb is used jocosely, though derived from an awful sense of the -fatality, as it were, with which bloody secrets are almost always -brought to light. It seems to us as though the order of nature were -inverted when the perpetrator of a murder escapes detection. This faith -in Nemesis was expressed in the ancient Greek proverb, "The cranes of -Ibycus," of which this is the story. The lyric poet Ibycus was murdered -by robbers on his way to Corinth, and with his last breath committed -the task of avenging him to a flock of cranes, the only living things -in sight besides himself and his murderers. The latter, some time -after, sitting in the theatre at Corinth, saw a flock of cranes -overhead, and one of them said scoffingly, "Lo, there the avengers of -Ibycus!" These words were caught up by some near them, for already -the poet's disappearance had excited alarm. The men being questioned -betrayed themselves, and were led to their doom, and "The cranes of -Ibycus" passed into a proverb. This story may serve to show how - - =Daylight will peep through a small hole.= - -"Eggs are close things," say the Chinese, "but the chicks come out at -last." "A secret fire is discovered by the smoke" (Catalan).[684] - - =To let the cat out of the bag.= - -To betray a secret inadvertently. I cannot tell what is the origin of -this phrase. Can it be that it alludes to the practice of selling cats -for hares? A fraudulent vendor, while pressing a customer "to buy a -cat in a bag," (see p. 61,) might in an unguarded moment let him see -enough to detect the imposition. - - =When rogues fall out honest men come by their own.= - -They peach upon each other. "Thieves quarrel, and thefts are -discovered" (Spanish).[685] "Gossips fall out, and tell each other -truths" (Spanish).[686] "When the cook and the butler fall out we shall -know what is become of the butter" (Dutch). - - =Tell your secret to your servant, and you make him your master=. - -Juvenal notes the policy of the Greek adventurers in Rome to worm out -the secrets of the house, and so make themselves feared. "To whom you -tell your secret you surrender your freedom" (Spanish).[687] "Tell -your friend your secret, and he will set his foot on your throat" -(Spanish).[688] - - =Walls have ears.= - -"Hills see, walls hear" (Spanish).[689] "The forest has ears, the field -has eyes" (German).[690] - - =What soberness conceals drunkenness reveals.= - -"What is in the heart of the sober man is on the tongue of the drunken -man" (Latin).[691] "In wine is truth" (Latin).[692] "Wine wears no -breeches" (Spanish).[693] - - =When wine sinks, words swim.=[694] - - =When the wine is in the wit is out.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[677] Les confidences vont vite à Paris. - -[678] Secret de deux, secret de Dieu; secret de trois, secret de tous. - -[679] Lo que saben tres, sabe toda res. - -[680] Que ta chemise ne sache ta guise. - -[681] Rien ne pèse tant qu'un secret. - -[682] Le secret de Polichinelle. - -[683] El secreto de Anchuelos. - -[684] For secreto, lo fumo lo descovre. - -[685] Pelean los ladrones, y descubriense los hurtos. - -[686] Riñen las comadres, y duense las verdades. - -[687] A quien dices tu puridad, á ese das tu libertad. - -[688] Di á tu amigo tu secreto, y tenerte ha el pie en el pescuezo. - -[689] Montes veen, paredes oyen. - -[690] Der Wald hat Ohren, das Feld hat Augen. - -[691] Quod est in corde sobrii est in ore ebrii. - -[692] In vino veritas. - -[693] El vino anda sin calças. - -[694] This is in Herodotus: Ὄινου κατίοντοϛ ἔπιπλεουσιν ἐπῆ. - - - - -RETRIBUTION. PENAL JUSTICE. - - - =He that is born to be hanged will never be drowned.= - - =The water will ne'er waur the woodie.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, the water will never defraud the gallows of its due. Gonzago, -in _The Tempest_, says of the boatswain, "I have great comfort from -this fellow; methinks he hath no drowning mark upon him; his complexion -is perfect gallows. Stand fast, good fate, to his hanging! Make the -rope of his destiny our cable, for our own doth little advantage. If he -be not born to be hanged our case is miserable." - -The Danes say, "He that is to be hanged will never be drowned, unless -the water goes over the gallows."[695] Such punctilious accuracy -in fixing the limits of the proposition considerably enhances its -grim humour. There is a fine touch of ghastly horror in its Dutch -equivalent, "What belongs to the raven does not drown."[696] The -platform on which criminals were executed and gibbeted was called, in -the picturesque language of the middle ages, the "ravenstone." "He -that is to die by the gallows may dance on the river" (Italian).[697] - - "He'll be hang'd yet, - Though every drop of water swear against it, - And gape at wid'st to glut him." - - =Give a thief rope enough and he'll hang himself.= - - =Every fox must pay his own skin to the flayer.= - - =Air day or late day, the tod's [fox's] hide finds aye the flaying - knife.=--_Scotch._ - -In spite of all his cunning the rogue will soon or late come to a bad -end. "Foxes find themselves at last at the furrier's" (French).[698] -"No mad dog runs seven years" (Dutch).[699] - - =Hanging goes by hap.= - -If a man is hanged it is a sign that he was pre-destined to that end. -"The gallows was made for the unlucky" (Spanish).[700] It is not always -a man's fault so much as his misfortune that he dies of a hempen fever. -As Captain Macheath sings,-- - - "Since laws were made for every degree, - To curb vice in others as well as in me, - I wonder we ha'n't better company - Upon Tyburn tree." - -But "Money does not get hanged" (German).[701] It sits on the -judgment-seat, and sends poor rogues to the hulks or to Jack Ketch. As -it was in the days of Diogenes the cynic, so it is now: "Great thieves -hang petty thieves" (French);[702] and, whilst "Petty thieves are -hanged, people take off their hats to great ones" (German).[703] - - =First hang and draw, - Then hear the cause by Lidford law.= - -Ray informs us that "Lidford is a little and poor but ancient -corporation in Devonshire, with very large privileges, where a Court of -Stannaries was formerly kept." The same sort of expeditious justice was -practised in Scotland and in Spain, as testified by proverbs of both -countries. At Peralvillo the Holy Brotherhood used to execute in this -manner robbers taken in the fact, or "red-hand," as the Scotch forcibly -expressed it. Hence the Spanish saying, "Peralvillo justice: after the -man is hanged try him."[704] The Scotch equivalent for this figures -with dramatic effect in that scene of _The Fair Maid of Perth_ where -Black Douglas has just discovered the murder of the Prince of Rothsay, -and exclaims,-- - -"'Away with the murderers! hang them over the battlements!' - -"'But, my lord, some trial may be fitting,' answered Balveny. - -"'To what purpose?' answered Douglas. 'I have taken them red-hand; my -authority will stretch to instant execution. Yet stay: have we not some -Jedwood men in our troop?' - -"'Plenty of Turnbulls, Rutherfords, Ainslies, and so forth,' said -Balveny. - -"'Call me an inquest of these together; they are all good men and true, -save a little shifting for their living. Do you see to the execution -of these felons, while I hold a court in the great hall, and we'll try -whether the jury or the provost-martial shall do their work first: we -will have - - =Jedwood justice--hang in haste, and try at leisure.'"= - - =He that invented the "maiden" first hanselled it.=--_Scotch._ - -This was the Regent Morton, who was the first man beheaded by an -instrument of his own invention, called the "maiden." His enemies -thought it was - - "Sport - To see the engineer hoist by his own petard;" - -and even those who pitied him felt that "no law was juster than that -the artificers of death should perish by their own art."[705] - - =If he has no gear to tine, he has shins to pine.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, if he has not wealth to lose, or means to pay a fine, he must -be clapped in the stocks or in fetters. "He that has no money must pay -with his skin" (German).[706] "Where there is no money there is no -forgiveness of sins" (German).[707] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[695] Han drukner ikke som henge skal, uden Vandet gaaer over Galgen. - -[696] Wat den raven toebehoort verdrinkt niet. - -[697] Chi ha da morir di forca, può ballar sul fiume. - -[698] Enfin les renards se trouvent chez le pelletier. - -[699] Er liep geen dolle hond zeven jaar. - -[700] Para los desdichados se hizo la horca. - -[701] Geld wird nicht gehenkt. - -[702] Les grands voleurs font pendre les petits. - -[703] Kleine Diebe henkt man, vor grossen zieht man den Hut ab. - -[704] La justicia de Peralvillo, que ahorcado el hombre le hace la -perquisa. - -[705] - - Nec lex est justior ulla - Quam necis artifices arte perire sua. - -[706] Wer kein Geld hat, mussmit der Haut bezahlen. - -[707] Wo kein Geld ist, da ist auch keine Vergebung der Sünden. - - - - -WEALTH. POVERTY. PLENTY. WANT. - - - =Happy is the son whose father went to the devil.= - -On the other hand, the Portuguese say, "Alas for the son whose father -goes to heaven!"[708] the presumption being that a man does not go that -way whilst amassing great wealth; for "He that is afraid of the devil -does not grow rich" (Italian).[709] "To do so one has only to turn -one's back on God" (French).[710] Audley, a noted lawyer and usurer -in the reigns of James I. and Charles I., was asked what might be the -value of his newly-obtained office in the Court of Wards. He replied, -"It may be worth some thousands of pounds to him who after his death -would instantly go to heaven; twice as much to him who would go to -purgatory; and nobody knows how much to him who would adventure to go -to hell." Audley's biographer hints that he did adventure that way for -the four hundred thousand pounds he left behind him at his departure. -"The river does not become swollen with clear water" (Italian).[711] -According to a Latin proverb, quoted with approval by St. Jerome, -"A rich man is either a rogue or a rogue's heir."[712] "To be rich -one must have a relation at home with the devil" (Italian).[713] -"Gold goes to the Moor;" _i. e._, to the man without a conscience -(Portuguese).[714] - -"The poets feign," says Bacon, "that when Plutus, which is riches, is -sent from Jupiter, he limps and goes slowly; but when he is sent from -Pluto he runs and is swift of foot; meaning that riches gotten by good -means and just labour pace slowly, but when they come by the death of -others (as by the course of inheritance, testaments, and the like), -they come tumbling upon a man. But it might be applied likewise to -Pluto, taking him for the devil; for when riches come from the devil -(as by fraud and oppression and unjust means) they come upon speed. The -ways to enrich are many, and most of them foul." - -"He that maketh haste to be rich shall not be innocent" (Proverbs -xxviii. 22). "Who would be rich in a year gets hanged in half a year" -(Spanish).[715] - - =Plenty makes dainty.=[716] - - =As the sow fills the draught sours.= - - =Hunger is the best sauce.= - -"Hunger makes raw beans sweet" (German). "Hunger is the best cook" -(German). "The full stomach loatheth the honeycomb, but to the hungry -every bitter thing is sweet" (Proverbs). "Brackish water is sweet in a -dry land" (Portuguese).[717] - - =A hungry horse makes a clean manger.= - - =Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings.= - - =A hungry man sees far.= - -"A hungry man discovers more than a hundred lawyers" (Spanish).[718] -Want sharpens industry and invention. "He thinks of everything who -wants bread" (French).[719] "A poor man is all schemes" (Spanish).[720] - - "Lorgitor artium, ingeniique magister - Venter." - -"Poverty and hunger have many learned disciples" (German).[721] -"Poverty is the sixth sense."[722] "It is cunning: it catches even a -fox" (German).[723] - - =Need makes the old wife trot.=[724] - - =Need makes the naked man run.= - - =Need makes the naked quean spin.= - -"Hunger sets the dog a-hunting" (Italian).[725] "Hunger drives the wolf -out of the wood" (Italian).[726] - - =Hunger will break through stone walls.= - -"A hungry dog fears not the stick" (Italian);[727] whereas "The -full-fed sheep is frightened at her own tail" (Spanish).[728] - - =Poverty parteth good fellowship.= - -An old Scotch song says:-- - - "When I hae saxpence under my thumb, - Then I get credit in ilka town; - But when I hae naethin they bid me gang by: - Hech! poverty parts gude company." - - =Poverty is no crime.= - -Some say it is worse. "Poverty is no vice, but it is a sort of leprosy" -(French).[729] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[708] Guay do filho que o pai vai a paraiso. - -[709] Chi ha paura del diavolo non fa roba. - -[710] Il ne faut que tourner le dos à Dieu pour devenir riche. - -[711] Il fiume non s'ingrossa d'acqua chiara. - -[712] Dives aut iniquus aut iniqui hæres. - -[713] Por esser riceo bisogna avere un parente a casa al diavolo. - -[714] Vaise o ouro ao mouro. - -[715] Quien en un año quiere ser rico, al medio le ahorcan. - -[716] Abondance engendre fâcherie. - -[717] Agoa salobra na terra seca he doce. - -[718] Mas descubre un hambriento que cien letrados. - -[719] De tout s'avise à qui pain faut. - -[720] Hombre pobre todo es trazas. - -[721] Armuth und Hunger haben viel gelehrte Jünger. - -[722] Armuth ist der sechste Sinn. - -[723] Armuth ist listig, sie fängt auch einen Fuchs. - -[724] The same in Italian, Bisogna fa trottar la vecchia; and in -French, Besoin fait vieille trotter. - -[725] Fa forame il can per fame. - -[726] La fame caccia il lupo fuor del bosco. - -[727] Can affamato non ha paura del bastone. - -[728] Carnero harto de su rabo se espanta. - -[729] Pauvreté n'est pas vice, mais c'est une espèce de laiderie. - - - - -BEGINNING AND END. - - - =A good beginning makes a good ending.= - - =Well begun is half done.= - -Tersely translated from the Latin, _Dimidium facti qui bene cœpit -habet_. "A beard lathered is half shaved," say the Spaniards.[730] -In an article on the "Philosophy of Proverbs" the author of the -"Curiosities of Literature" gives an example from the Italian, which -he deems of peculiar interest, "for it is perpetuated by Dante, and is -connected with the character of Milton." Besides these distinctions -it has a third (not surmised by Disraeli), as a linguistic curiosity; -for though it consists of but four words, and those among the -commonest in the language, its literal meaning is undetermined, and -diametrically opposite interpretations have been given of it even by -native authorities. _Cosa fatta capo ha_ is the proverb in question, -which some understand as signifying, "A deed done has an end;" or, -as the Scotch say, "A thing done is no to do." It is thus rendered -by Torriano in 1666; whilst Giusti, in 1853, explains it as meaning, -"A deed done has a beginning;" or, in other words, if you would -accomplish anything, you must not content yourself with pondering -over it for ever, but must proceed to action. Such another instance -of divided opinion respecting the import of four familiar words in a -simply-constructed sentence is probably not to be found in the history -of modern languages. - -This proverb is the "bad word" to which tradition ascribes the origin -of the civil wars that long desolated Tuscany. When Buondelmonte -broke his engagement with a lady of the Amadei family, and married -another, the kinsmen of the injured lady assembled to consider how -they should deal with the offender. They inclined to pass sentence of -death upon him; but their fear of the evils that might ensue from that -decision long held them in suspense. At last Mosca Lamberti cried out -that "those who talk of many things effect nothing," quoting, says -Macchiavelli, "that trite and common adage, _Cosa fatta capo ha_." -This decided the question. Buondelmonte was murdered; and the deed -immediately involved Florence in those miserable conflicts of Guelphs -and Ghibellines, from which she had stood aloof until then. The "bad -word" uttered by Mosca has been immortalised by Dante (_Inferno_, -xxviii.), and variously rendered by his English translators. Cary -presents the passage thus:-- - - "Then one - Maim'd of each hand uplifted in the gloom - The bleeding stumps, that they with gory spots - Sullied his face, and cried, 'Remember thee - Of Mosca too--I who, alas! exclaim'd, - The deed once done, there is an end--that proved - A seed of sorrow to the Tuscan race.'" - -Wright's version is,-- - - "Then one deprived of both his hands, who stood - Lifting the bleeding stumps amid the dim - Dense air, so that his face was stain'd with blood, - Cried, 'In thy mind let Mosca bear a place, - Who said, alas! Deed done is well begun-- - Words fraught with evil to the Tuscan race.'" - -Disraeli adopts Cary's interpretation of the proverb, and does not seem -to suspect that it can have any other. Milton appears to have used it -in the same sense. "When deeply engaged," says Disraeli, "in writing -'The Defence of the People,' and warned that it might terminate in his -blindness, he resolutely concluded his work, exclaiming with great -magnanimity, although the fatal prognostication had been accomplished, -_Cosa fatta capo ha!_ Did this proverb also influence his decision -on that great national event, when the most honest-minded fluctuated -between doubts and fears?" - - =The first blow is half the battle.= - -It is as good as two according to the Italians. - - =The hardest step is over the threshold.= - -"The first step is all the difficulty" (French).[731] It is well -known that after St. Denis was decapitated he picked up his head, -and walked a league with it in his hand to the spot where his church -was afterwards erected. Recounting this miracle one day in a private -circle, Cardinal de Polignac laid great stress on the length of the -way traversed in that manner by the martyred saint; whereupon Madame -du Deffaut remarked that this was not the most surprising part of the -miracle, for in such cases "the first step was all the difficulty." - - =Everything has a beginning.= - - =A child must creep ere it can go.= - -"Every beginning is feeble" (Latin).[732] "'Every beginning is hard,' -as the thief said when he began by stealing an anvil" (German).[733] - - =Rome was not built in a day.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[730] Barba remojada, medio rapada. - -[731] Ce n'est que le premier pas qui coûte. - -[732] Omne principium est debile. - -[733] Aller Anfang ist schwer, sprach der Dieb, und stahl zuerst einen -Ambos. - - - - -OFFICE. - - - =The office shows the man.= - - ='Tis the place shows the man.= - -It tries his capacity, and shows what stuff he is made of. But it also -forms the man; it teaches him (German)[734] if he has the faculty to -be taught, so that it may be said with some truth, "To whom God gives -an office he gives understanding also" (German).[735] "A great place -strangely qualifies," saith Selden. "John Read was groom of the chamber -to my lord of Kent. Attorney-General Roy being dead, some were saying, -how would the king do for a fit man? 'Why, any man,' says John Read, -'may execute the place.' 'I warrant,' says my lord, 'thou thinkest thou -understand'st enough to perform it.' 'Yes,' quoth John; 'let the king -make me attorney, and I would fain see that man that durst tell me -there's anything I understand not.'" The proverb at the head of this -paragraph is literally translated from a Greek maxim, attributed by -Sophocles to Solon, and to Bias by Aristotle. - - =He is a poor cook that cannot lick his own fingers.= - -And "He is a bad manager of honey" who does not help himself in -the same way (French).[736] The rule applies to all who have the -fingering of good things, whether in a public or a private capacity. -"He who manages other people's wealth does not go supperless to bed" -(Italian).[737] "All offices are greasy" (Dutch).[738] Something -sticks to them. Wheels are greased to make them run smoothly, and in -some countries it is found that what the Dutch call smear money may be -applied to official palms with advantage to the operator. The French -call this _Graisser la patte à quelqu'un_. "'Hast thou no money? then -turn placeman,' said the court fool to his sovereign'" (German).[739] -King James, we are told by L'Estrange, was once complaining of the -leanness of his hunting horse. Archie, his fool, standing by, said -to him, "If that be all, take no care; I'll teach your Majesty a way -to raise his flesh presently; and if he be not as fat as ever he can -wallow, you shall ride me." "I prithee, fool, how?" said the king. -"Why, do but make him a bishop, and I'll warrant you," says Archie. - -A good deal of surreptitious finger-licking and fattening would be -prevented if this truth were clearly understood, that "Office without -pay [or with inadequate pay] makes thieves" (German).[740] "He cannot -keep a good course who serves without reward" (Italian).[741] - - =A man gets little thanks for losing his own.= - -An excuse for taking the perquisites of office, however extortionate -they may be. - - =It is the clerk that makes the justice.= - -The magistrate would often be wrong in his law if he were not kept -right by the clerk. "The blood of the soldier makes the captain great" -(Italian).[742] - - =For faut o' wise men fules sit on binks [benches].=--_Scotch._ - -"For want of good men they made my father alcalde" (Spanish).[743] We -do not always see the right man in the right place. - - =Never deal with the man when you can deal with the master.= - -"It is better to have to do with God than with his saints"[744] is a -French proverb, which Voltaire has fitted with a droll story. A king -of Spain, he tells us, had promised to bestow relief upon the people -of the country round Burgos, who had been ruined by war. They flocked -to the palace, but the doorkeepers would not let them in except on -condition of having part of what they should get. Having consented to -this, the countrymen entered the royal hall, where their leader knelt -at the monarch's feet and said, "I beseech your Royal Highness to -command that every man of us here shall receive a hundred lashes." "An -odd petition truly!" said the king. "Why do you ask for such a thing?" -"Because," said the peasant, "your people insist on having the half of -whatever you give us." - -M. Quitard believes that the saints referred to in the French proverb -are the "frost" or "vintage saints,"[745] so called because their -festivals, which occur in April, are noted in the popular calendar -as days on which frost is injurious to the young green crops and to -vines. The husbandmen, whose fields and vineyards were injured by the -inclemency of the weather, used to hold these saints responsible for -the damage they ought to have prevented, and the reproaches addressed -to them might very naturally take the form perpetuated in the proverb. -This is the more probable as it is recorded in the ecclesiastical -annals of Cahors and Rhodez that the angry agriculturists were in -the habit of flogging the images of the frost saints, defacing -their pictures, and otherwise maltreating them. Rabelais asserts, -with mock gravity, that, in order to put an end to these scandalous -irregularities, a bishop of Auxerre proposed to transfer the festivals -of the frost saints to the dog days, and make the month of August -change place with April. - - =A king's cheese goes half away in parings.= - -His revenues are half eaten up before they enter his coffers. Before -Sully took the French finances in hand such was the system of plunder -established by the farmers of the revenue, that the state realised -only one-fifth of the gross amount of taxes imposed on the subjects; -the other four-fifths were consumed by the financiers. Under such a -wasteful system as this, or one in any degree like it, one might well -say that - - =Kings' chaff is worth other men's corn.= - -The perquisites belonging to the king's service are better than the -wages earned elsewhere. - - =The clerk wishes the priest to have a fat dish.=--_Gaelic._ - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[734] Das Amt lehrt den Mann. - -[735] Wein Gott ein Amt giebt, dem giebt er auch Verstand. - -[736] Celui gouverne bien mal le miel, qui n'en taste et ses doigts -n'en lesche. - -[737] Chi maneggia quel degli altri, non va a letto senza cena. - -[738] Alle amten zijn smeerig. - -[739] Hast du kein Geld? so wird ein Amtmann, sagte jeuer Hofnarr zu -seinen Fürsten. - -[740] Amt ohne Sold macht Diebe. - -[741] - - Buona via non può tenere - Quel chi serve senz' avere. - -[742] Il sangue dei soldati fa grande il capitano. - -[743] Por falta de hombres buenos, á mi padre hicieron alcalde. - -[744] Il vaut mieux avoir affaire à Dieu qu'à ses saints. - -[745] Saints gélifs, saints vendangeurs. - - - - -LAW AND LAWYERS. - - - =Law-makers should not be law-breakers.= - -Parliament has made it penal to pollute the air of towns with smoke, -and the _Builder_ complains that more smoke issues from parliament's -own chimneys than from any six factories in London. - - =Abundance of law breaks no law.= - -It is safer to exceed than to fall short of what the law requires. - - =In a thousand pounds of law there is not an ounce of love.= - - =A pennyweight of love is worth a pound weight of law.= - -So much more cogent is the one than the other. - - =Laws were made for rogues.= - -"For the upright there are no laws" (German).[746] They are designed to -control those to whom it may be said,-- - - =Ye wad do little for God if the deil were dead.=--_Scotch._ - - "The fear o' hell's a hangman's whip - To keep the wretch in order; - But where ye feel your honour grip, - Let that be aye your border. - - "Its slightest touches, instant pause, - Debar a' side pretences, - And resolutely keep its laws, - Uncaring consequences." - - =He that loves law will get his fill of it.= - - =Agree, for the law is costly.= - - =Law's costly; tak a pint and 'gree.=--_Scotch._ - -Lord Mansfield declared that if any man claimed a field from him he -would give it up, provided the concession were kept secret, rather than -engage in proceedings at law. Hesiod, in admonishing his brother always -to prefer a friendly accommodation to a lawsuit, gave to the world the -paradoxical proverb, "The half is more than the whole." Very often "A -lean agreement is better than a fat lawsuit" (Italian).[747] "Lawyers' -garments are lined with suitors' obstinacy" (Italian);[748] and "Their -houses are built of fools' heads" (French).[749] Doctors and lawyers -are notoriously shy of taking what they prescribe for others. "No good -lawyer ever goes to law" (Italian).[750] Lord Chancellor Thurlow did so -once, but in his case the exception approved the rule. A house had been -built for him by contract, but he had made himself liable for more than -the stipulated price by ordering some departures from the specification -whilst the work was in progress. He refused to pay the additional -charge; the builder brought an action and got a verdict against him, -and surly Thurlow never afterwards set foot within the house which was -the monument of his wrong-headedness and its chastisement. - - =Refer my coat, and lose a sleeve.=--_Scotch._ - -Arbitrators generally make both parties abate something of their -pretensions. - - =Fair and softly, as lawyers go to heaven.= - -The odds are great against their ever getting there, if it be true that -"Unless hell is full never will a lawyer be saved" (French).[751] "The -greater lawyer, the worse Christian" (Dutch).[752] "'Virtue in the -middle,' said the devil as he sat between two attorneys" (Danish).[753] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[746] Für Gerechte giebt es keine Gesetze. - -[747] E meglio un magro accordo che una grassa lite. - -[748] Le vesti degli avvocati son fodrate dell' ostinazion dei -litiganti. - -[749] Les maisons des avocats sont faictes de la teste des folz. - -[750] Nessun buon avvocato piatisce mai. - -[751] Si enfer n'est plein, oncques n'y aura d'avocat sauvé. - -[752] Hoe grooter jurist, hoe boozer Christ. - -[753] Dyden i Midten, sagde Fanden, han sal imellem to Procuratoren. - - - - -PHYSIC. PHYSICIANS. MAXIMS RELATING TO HEALTH. - - - =If the doctor cures, the sun sees it; if he kills, the earth hides it.= - -"The earth covers the mistakes of the physician" (Italian, -Spanish).[754] "Bleed him and purge him; if he dies, bury him" -(Spanish).[755] It is a melancholy truth that "The doctor is often more -to be feared than the disease" (French).[756] "Throw physic to the -dogs" is in effect the advice given by many eminent physicians, and by -some of the greatest thinkers the world has seen. "Shun doctors and -doctors' drugs if you wish to be well,"[757] was the seventh, last, and -best rule of health laid down by the famous physician Hoffmann. Sir -William Hamilton declared that "Medicine in the hands in which it is -vulgarly dispensed is a curse to humanity rather than a blessing;" and -Sir Astley Cooper did not scruple to avow that "The science of medicine -was founded on conjecture and improved by murder." It is a remarkable -fact that "The doctor seldom takes physic" (Italian).[758] He does not -appear to have a very lively faith in his own art. As for his alleged -cures, their reality does not pass unquestioned. It is true that -"Dear physic always does good, if not to the patient, at least to the -apothecary" (German);[759] but "It is God that cures, and the doctor -gets the money" (Spanish).[760] Save your money, then, and "If you have -a friend who is a doctor take off your hat to him, and send him to the -house of your enemy" (Spanish).[761] - - =The best physicians are Dr. Diet, Dr. Quiet, and Dr. Merriman.= - - =Every man at forty is either a fool or a physician.= - - =A creaking gate hangs long on its hinges.= - -Valetudinarians often outlive persons of robust constitution who take -less care of themselves. A French saying to this purpose, which is too -idiomatic to be translated, was neatly applied by Pozzo di Borgo in a -conversation with Lady Holland. Her ladyship, exulting in the duration -of the Whig government, notwithstanding the prevalent anticipations of -their fall, said to him, "Vous voyez, Monsieur l'Ambassadeur, que nous -vivons toujours." "Oui, madame," he replied, "les petites santés durent -quelquefois longtemps." "Creaking carts last longest" (Dutch).[762] -"The flawed pots are the most lasting" (French).[763] - - =A groaning wife and a grunting horse ne'er failed their master.= - - =Seek your salve where ye got your sore.=--_Scotch._ - - =Take a hair of the dog that bit you.= - -Advice given to persons suffering the after-pains of a carouse. The -same stimulant which caused their nervous depression will also relieve -it. The metaphor is derived from an old medical practice to which -Seneca makes some allusion, and which is commended in a rhyming French -adage to this effect, "With the hair of the beast that bit thee, or -with its blood, thou wilt be cured."[764] Cervantes, in his tale of -_La Gitanilla_, thus describes an old gipsy woman's manner of treating -a person bitten by a dog:--"She took some of the dog's hairs, fried -them in oil, and after washing with wine the two bites she found on the -patients left leg, she put the hairs and the oil upon them, and over -this dressing a little chewed green rosemary. She then bound the leg -up carefully with clean bandages, made the sign of the cross over it, -and said, 'Now go to sleep, friend, and with the help of God your hurts -will not signify.'" - - =One nail drives out another.= - -This is the doctrine of homœopathy. "Poison quells poison" -(Italian).[765] - - "Tut, man! one fire burns out another's burning, - One pain is lessen'd by another's anguish. - Turn giddy, and be holp by backward turning: - One desperate grief cures with another's languish. - Take thou some new infection to thine eye, - And the rank poison of the old will die."--_Romeo and Juliet._ - - =If the wind strike thee through a hole, - Go make thy will and mend thy soul.= - -"A blast from a window is a shot from a crossbow" (Italian).[766] "To a -bull and a draught of air give way" (Spanish).[767] - - =One hour's sleep before midnight is worth two hours after it.= - -Ladies rightly call sleep before midnight "beauty sleep." - - =Old young, and old long.=[768] - -You must leave off the irregularities of youth be-times if you wish to -enjoy a long and hale old age; for - - =Young men's knocks old men feel.= - -"The sins of our youth we atone for in our old age" (Latin).[769] - - =Rub your sore eye with your elbow.= - -He who laid down this rule of sound surgery was a man _qui ne se -mouchait pas du talon_; he did not blow his nose with his heel. If a -speck of dust enters your eye, close the lid gently, keep your fingers -away from it, and leave the foreign body to be washed by the tears -to the inner corner of the eye, whence it may be removed without -difficulty. - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[754] Gli errori del medico gli copre la terra. Los yerros del médico -la tierra los cubre. - -[755] Sungrarle y purgarle; si se muriere, enterrarle. - -[756] Le médecin est souvent plus à craindre que la maladie. - -[757] Fuge medicos ac medicamenta, si vis esse salvus. - -[758] Di rado il medico piglia medicina. - -[759] Theure Arznei hilft immer, wenn nicht dem Kranken doch dem -Apotheker. - -[760] Dios es el que sana, y el medico lleva la plata. - -[761] Si tienes medico amigo, quitale la gorra, y envialo á casa de tu -enemigo. - -[762] Krakende wagens duirren het langst. - -[763] Les pots fêtés sont ceux qui durent le plus. - -[764] - - Du poil de la bête qui te mordit, - Ou de son sang, seras guéri. - -[765] Il veleno si spegne col veleno. - -[766] Aria di fenestra, colpodi balestra. - -[767] Al toro y al aire darles calle. - -[768] Mature fias senex, si diu velis esse senex. - -[769] Quæ peccavimus juvenes, ea luimus senes. - - - - -CLERGY. - - - =It's kittle shooting at corbies and clergy.=--_Scotch._ - -Crows are very wary, and the clergy are vindictive; therefore it is -ticklish work trying to get the better of either. "One must either not -meddle with priests or else smite them dead," say the Germans;[770] -and Huss, the Bohemian reformer, in denouncing the sins of the clergy -in his day, has preserved for us a similar proverb of his countrymen: -"If you have offended a clerk kill him, else you will never have -peace with him."[771] "The bites of priests and wolves are hard to -heal" (German).[772] "Priests and women never forget" (German).[773] -"How dangerous it was," says Gross, "to injure the meanest retainer -of a religious house is very ludicrously but justly expressed in the -following old English adage, which I have somewhere met with:-- - - ='Yf perchaunce one offend a freere's dogge, streight clameth the - whole brotherhood, An heresy! An heresy!'"= - -There is an old German proverb to the same purpose, which Eiserlein -heard once from the lips of an aged lay servitor of a monastery in -the Black Forest: "Offend one monk, and the lappets of all cowls will -flutter as far as Rome."[774] - - =What was good the friar never loved.= - -Popular opinion attributes to the clergy, both secular and regular, a -lively regard for the good things of this life, and a determination to -have their full share of them. "No priest ever died of hunger" is a -remark made by the Livonians; and they add, "Give the priests all thou -hast, and thou wilt have given them nearly enough." "A priest's pocket -is hard to fill,"[775] at least in Denmark; and the Italians say, that -"Priests, monks, nuns, and poultry never have enough."[776] "Abbot of -Carzuela," cries the Spaniard, "you eat up the stew, and you ask for -the stewpan."[777] The worst testimony against the monastic order comes -from the countries in which they most abound: "Where friars swarm, -keep your eyes open" (Spanish).[778] "Have neither a good monk for a -friend, nor a bad one for an enemy" (Spanish).[779] "As for friars, -live with them, eat with them, walk with them, and then sell them, for -thus they do themselves" (Spanish).[780] The propensity of churchmen to -identify their own personal interests with the welfare of the church -are glanced at in the following:--"The monk that begs for God's sake -begs for two" (Spanish, French).[781] "'Oh, what we must suffer for -the church of God!' cried the abbot, when the roast fowl burned his -fingers" (German).[782] - - =There's no mischief done in the world but there's a woman or a priest - at the bottom of it.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[770] Man muss mit Pfaffen nicht anfangen, oder sie todtschlagen. - -[771] Malum proverbium contra nos confinxerunt, dicentes, "Si -offenderis clericum, interfice eum; alias nunquam habebis pacem cum -illo." - -[772] Was Pfaffen beissen und Wölfe ist schwer zu heilen. - -[773] Pfaffen und Weiber vergessen nie. - -[774] Beleidigestu einen Münch, so knappe alle Kuttenzipfel bis nach -Rom. - -[775] Præstesæk er ond at fylde. - -[776] Preti, frati, monache, e polli non si trovan mai satolli. - -[777] Abad de Carçuela, comistes la olla, pedis la caçuela. - -[778] Frailes sobrand', ojo alerte. - -[779] Ni buen fraile por amigo, ni malo por enemigo. - -[780] Frailes, viver con ellos, y comer con ellos, y andar con ellos, y -luego vender ellos, que asé hacen ellos. - -[781] Fraile que pide por Dios, pide por dos. Moine qui demande pour -Dieu, demande pour deux. - -[782] O was müssen wir der Kirche Gottes halber leiden! rief der Abt, -als ihm das gebratene Huhn die Finger versengt. - - - - -SEASONS. WEATHER. - - - =If the grass grow in Janiveer, - It grows the worse for it all the year.= - -"When gnats dance in January the husbandman becomes a beggar" -(Dutch).[783] An exception to these rules is recorded by Ray, who -says that "in the year 1667 the winter was so mild that the pastures -were very green in January; yet was there scarcely ever known a more -plentiful crop of hay than the summer following." - - =February fill dike, be it black or be it white.= - - =All the months in the year curse a fair Februeer.= - - =The hind had as lief see his wife on the bier - As that Candlemas day should be pleasant and clear.= - -Candlemas day is the 2nd of February, when the Romish Church celebrates -the purification of the Virgin Mary. On that day, also, the church -candles are blessed for the whole year, and they are carried in -procession in the hands of the faithful. Then the use of tapers at -vespers and litanies, which prevails throughout the winter, ceases -until the ensuing Allhallowmas: hence the proverb,-- - - =On Candlemas day - Throw candle and candlestick away.= - -Browne, in his "Vulgar Errors," says there is a general tradition in -most parts of Europe that inferreth the coldness of the succeeding -winter from the shining of the sun on Candlemas day, according to the -proverbial distich:-- - - _Si sol splendescat Marin purificante, - Major erit glacies post festum quam fuit ante._ - - "If Candlemas day be fair and bright, - Winter will have another flight; - If on Candlemas day there be shower and rain, - Winter is gone and will not come again." - -Another version of this proverb current in the north of England is,-- - - "If Candlemas day be dry and fair, - The half of winter's to come and mair; - If Candlemas day be wet and foul [pronounce _fool_], - The half of winter's gone to Yule." - - =March comes in like a lion and goes out like a lamb.= - - =March comes in with adder heads and goes out with peacock - tails.=--_Scotch._ - - =A peck of March dust is worth a king's ransom.= - - =A dry March never begs its bread.= - - =A peck of March dust and a shower in May= - =Make the corn green and the fields gay.= - - =March winds and April showers= - =Bring forth May flowers.= - - =March wind and May sun= - =Make clothes white and maids dun.= - - =So many mists in March you see,= - =So many frosts in May will be.= - - =March grass never did good.= - -"When gnats dance in March it brings death to sheep" (Dutch).[784] - - =When April blows his horn it's good both for hay and corn.= - -"That is," says Ray, "when it thunders in April, for thunder is usually -accompanied with rain." - - =A cold April the barn will fill.= - - =April and May are the keys of the year.= - - =A May flood never did good.= - -This applies to England. In Spain and Italy they say, "Water in May is -bread for all the year."[785] - - =To wed in May is to wed poverty.= - -There were fewer marriages in Scotland in May, 1857, than in any other -month of the year: it is an "unlucky month." The proverb is recorded by -Washington Irving. - - =A swarm of bees in May is worth a load of hay,= - =A swarm in June is worth a silver spoon,= - =But a swarm in July is not worth a fly.= - - =A shower in July, when the corn begins to fill,= - =Is worth a plough of oxen and all belongs theretill.= - - =A dry summer never made a dear peck.= - =Drought never bred dearth in England.= - -The same thing, and no more, is meant by the following enigmatical -rhyme:-- - - "When the sand doth feed the clay, - England woe and well-a-day; - But when the clay doth feed the sand, - Then is it well with old England." - -The first of these two contingencies occurs after a wet summer--the -second after a dry one; and, as there is more clay than sand in -England, there is a better harvest in the second case than in the first. - - =Dry August and warm doth harvest no harm.= - -They think differently on this point in the south of Europe. "A wet -August never brings dearth" (Italian).[786] "When it rains in August it -rains honey and wine" (Spanish).[787] - - =September blow soft till the fruit's in the loft. - November take flail, let ships no more sail.= - - =A green Christmas makes a fat churchyard.= - -It is a popular notion that a mild winter is less healthy than a frosty -one; but the Registrar-General's returns prove that it is quite the -contrary. The mortality of the winter months is always in proportion -to the intensity of the cold. The proverb, therefore, must be given -up as a fallacy. There is some truth in this of the Germans, "A green -Christmas, a white Easter." The probability is that a very mild winter -will be followed by an inclement spring. - - =A snow year, a rich year.= - - =Under water, dearth; under snow, bread.= - - =Winter's thunder and summer's flood= - =Never boded an Englishman good.= - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[783] Als de muggen in Januar danssen, wordt de boer een bedelaar. - -[784] Als de muggen in Maart danssen, dat doet het schaap den dood aan. - -[785] Acqua di Maggio, pane per tutto l'anno. - -[786] Agosto humido non mena mai carestia. - -[787] Quando llueve en Agosto, llueve miel y mosto. - - - - -NATIONAL AND LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS. LOCAL ALLUSIONS. - - - =A right Englishman knows not when a thing is well.= - -It would seem, too, that he does not know when a thing is ill; for the -French say the English were beaten at Waterloo, but had not the wit to -know it. - - =A Scotsman is aye wise ahint the hand.=--_Scotch._ - - =A Scotsman aye taks his mark frae a mischief.=--_Scotch._ - - =Scotsmen reckon aye frae an ill hour.=--_Scotch._ - -That is, they always date from some untoward event. "A Scottish man," -says James Kelly, "solicited the Prince of Orange to be made an ensign, -for he had been a sergeant ever since his Highness ran away from Groll." - - =The Englishman weeps, the Irishman sleeps, but the Scotsman gaes till - he gets it.=--_Scotch._ - -Such, according to Scotch report, is the conduct of the three when they -want food. - - =The Welshman keeps nothing till he has lost it.=--_Welsh._ - - =The older the Welshman, the more madman.=--_Welsh._ - - =As long as a Welsh pedigree.= - - =The Italianised Englishman is a devil incarnate.=--_Italian._[788] - -This is the testimony of Italians. Of our country they say,-- - - =England is the paradise of women, the purgatory of purses, and the - hell of horses.=--_Italian._[789] - - =War with all the world, and peace with England.=--_Spanish._[790] - - =Beware of a white Spaniard and of a swarthy Englishman.=--_Dutch._[791] - -Apparently because they are out of kind, and therefore presumed to be -uncanny. - - =He has more to do than the ovens of London at Christmas.=--_Italian._ - - =They agree like the clocks of London.=--_French_, _Italian_. - -Which clocks disagree to this day. (See _Household Words_, No. 410.) -"The city time measurers are so far behind each other that the last -chime of eight has hardly fallen on the ear from the last church, -when another sprightly clock is heard to begin the hour of nine. Each -clock, however, governs, and is believed in by, its own immediate -neighbourhood." - - =Shake a bridle over a Yorkshireman's grave, and he will rise and - steal a horse.= - - =He is Yorkshire.= - -He is a keen blade. "He's of Spoleto" (_E Spoletino_), say the -Italians. - - =The devil will not come into Cornwall for fear of being put into a pie.= - -Cornish housewives make pies of such unlikely materials as potatoes, -pilchards, &c. - - =By Tre, Pol, and Pen,= - =You shall know the Cornish men.= - -Surnames beginning with these syllables--_e.g._, Trelawney, Polwhele, -Penrose--are originally Cornish. - - =A Scottish man and a Newcastle grindstone travel all the world - over.= - -Newcastle grindstones were long reputed the best of their kind. Another -version of the proverb associates them with rats and red herrings, -things which are very widely diffused over the globe, but not more so -than Scotchmen. - - =Three great evils come out of the north--a cold wind, a cunning - knave, and a shrinking cloth.= - - =He's an Aberdeen's man; he may take his word again.=--_Scotch._ - - =An Aberdeen's man ne'er stands to the word that hurts him.=--_Scotch._ - -The people of Normandy labour under the same imputation: "A Norman has -his say and his unsay."[792] This proverb is said to have arisen out of -the ancient custom of the province, according to which contracts did -not become valid until twenty-four hours after they had been signed, -and either party was at liberty to retract during that interval. - - =Wise men of Gotham.= - -Gotham is a village in Nottinghamshire, declared by universal consent, -for reasons unknown, to be the head quarters of stupidity in this -country, on whose inhabitants all sorts of ridiculous stories might -be fathered. The convenience of having such a butt for sarcasm has -been recognised by all nations. The ancient Greeks had their Bœotia, -which was for them what Swabia is for the modern Germans. The Italians -compare foolish people to those of Zago, "Who sowed needles that they -might have a crop of crowbars, and dunged the steeple to make it -grow."[793] The French say, "Ninety-nine sheep and a Champenese make a -round hundred,"[794] the man being a stupid animal like the rest. The -Abbé Tuet traces back the origin of this story to Cæsar's conquest of -Gaul. Before that period the wealth of Champagne consisted in flocks of -sheep, which paid a rate in kind to the public revenue. The conqueror, -wishing to favour the staple of the province, exempted from taxation -all flocks numbering less than a hundred head, and the consequence -was that the Champenese always divided their sheep into flocks of -ninety-nine. But Cæsar was soon even with them, for he ordered that in -future the shepherd of every flock should be counted as a sheep, and -pay as one. - - =Tenterden steeple's the cause of the Goodwin Sands.= - -This proposition is commonly quoted as a flagrant example of bad logic, -illustrating the fallacy of the reference _post hoc, ergo propter hoc_. -A very quaint account of its origin is given in these words in one of -Latimer's sermons:--"Mr. Moore was once sent with commission into Kent, -to try out, if it might be, what was the cause of Goodwin's Sands, and -the shelf which stopped up Sandwich Haven. Thither cometh Mr. Moore, -and calleth all the country before him; such as were thought to be men -of experience, and men that could of likelihood best satisfy him of the -matter concerning the stopping of Sandwich Haven. Among the rest came -in before him an old man with a white head, and one that was thought to -be little less than an hundred years old. When Mr. Moore saw this aged -man he thought it expedient to hear him say his mind in this matter; -for, being so old a man, it was likely that he knew most in that -presence, or company. So Mr. Moore called this old aged man unto him, -and said, 'Father, tell me, if you can, what is the cause of the great -arising of the sands and shelves here about this haven, which stop it -up so that no ships can arrive here. You are the oldest man I can espy -in all the company, so that if any man can tell the cause of it, you -of all likelihood can say most to it, or at leastwise more than any -man here assembled.' 'Yea, forsooth, good Mr. Moore,' quoth this old -man, 'for I am well-nigh an hundred years old, and no man here in this -company anything near my age.' 'Well, then,' quoth Mr. Moore, 'how say -you to this matter? What think you to be the cause of these shelves -and sands, which stop up Sandwich Haven?' 'Forsooth, sir,' quoth he, -'I am an old man; I think that Tenterton steeple is the cause of -Goodwin's Sands. For I am an old man, sir,' quoth he; 'I may remember -the building of Tenterton steeple, and I may remember when there was no -steeple at all there. And before that Tenterton steeple was in building -there was no manner of talking of any flats or sands that stopped up -the haven; and therefore I think that Tenterton steeple is the cause of -the decay and destroying of Sandwich Haven.'" - -After all, this is not so palpable a _non sequitur_ as it appears, -for, says Fuller, "One story is good till another is told; and though -this be all whereupon this proverb is generally grounded, I met since -with a supplement thereunto: it is this. Time out of mind, money was -constantly collected out of this county to fence the east banks thereof -against the irruption of the sea, and such sums were deposited in the -hands of the Bishop of Rochester; but because the sea had been quiet -for many years without any encroaching, the bishop commuted this money -to the building of a steeple and endowing a church at Tenterden. By -this diversion of the collection for the maintenance of the banks, the -sea afterwards broke in upon Goodwin Sands. And now the old man had -told a rational tale, had he found but the due favour to finish it; and -thus, sometimes, that is causelessly accounted ignorance of the speaker -which is nothing but impatience in the auditors, unwilling to attend -to the end of the discourse." - - =A loyal heart may be landed under Traitors' Bridge.= - -Every one who has passed down the Thames from London Bridge knows that -archway in front of the Tower, under which boats conveying prisoners of -state used to pass to Traitors' Stairs. - - =A knight of Cales, a gentleman of Wales, and a laird of the north - countree;= - =A yeoman of Kent, with his yearly rent, will buy them out all - three.= - -"Cales knights were made in that voyage by Robert, Earl of Essex, to -the number of sixty, whereof (though many of great birth) some were -of low fortunes; and therefore Queen Elizabeth was half offended with -the earl for making knighthood so common. Of the numerousness of Welsh -gentlemen nothing need be said, the Welsh generally pretending to -gentility. Northern lairds are such who in Scotland hold lands in chief -of the king, whereof some have no great revenue. So that a Kentish -yeoman (by the help of a hyperbole) may countervail," &c.--(_Fuller._) -"A Spanish don, a German count, a French marquis, an Italian bishop, a -Neapolitan cavalier, a Portuguese hidalgo, and a Hungarian noble make -up a so-so company" (Italian).[795] - - =The Italians are wise before the fact, the Germans in the fact, the - French after the fact.=--_Italian._[796] - - =The Italians are known by their singing, the French by their - dancing, the Spaniards by their lording it, and the Germans - by their drinking.=--_Italian._[797] - - =Where Germans are, Italians like not to be.=--_Italian._[798] - - =Italy, heads, holidays, and tempests.=--_Italian._[799] - -A gentleman, who visited Dublin in the O'Connell times, gave it as -the result of his experience there that Ireland was a land of groans, -grievances, and invitations to dinner. - - =He that has to do with a Tuscan must not be blind.=--_Italian._[800] - -There is a double meaning in the original. The same Italian word means -Tuscan and poison. - - =It is better to be in the forest and eat pine cones than to live in a - castle with Spaniards.=--_Italian._[801] - -Because the frugal Spanish soldiers could subsist on diet on which men -of other nations would starve. For them "Bread and radishes were a -heavenly dinner" (Spanish).[802] - - =Abstract from Spaniard all his good qualities, and there remains - a Portuguese.=--_Spanish._ - - =Every layman in Castile might make a king, every clerk a - pope.=--_Spanish._ - -If the overweening pride of the Spaniard appears in these two proverbs, -the candour of the following must also be acknowledged:-- - - =Succours of Spain, either late or never.=--_Spanish._[803] - - =Things of Spain.=--_Spanish._[804] - -That is, abuses, anomalies, and faults of all kinds. See "Ford's -Handbook," _passim_. - - =When the Spaniard sings, either he is mad or he has not a - doit.=--_Spanish._[805] - - =A Pole would rather steal a horse on Sunday than eat milk or - butter on Friday.=--_German._[806] - - =Poland is the hell of peasants, the paradise of Jews, the purgatory - of burghers, the heaven of nobles, and the gold mine of - foreigners.=--_German._[807] - - =A Polish bridge, a Bohemian monk, a Swabian nun, Italian devotion, - and German fasting are worth a bean.=--_German._[808] - - =If the devil came out of hell to fight there would forthwith be a - Frenchman to accept the challenge.=--_French._[809] - - =When the Frenchman sleeps the devil rocks him.=--_French._[810] - - =The Italians weep, the Germans screech, and the French - sing.=--_French._[811] - -This is found word for word in Italian also, though it seems devised -for the special glorification of Frenchmen. The Portuguese say,-- - - =The Frenchman sings well when his throat is - moistened.=--_Portuguese._[812] - - =The Germans have their wit in their fingers.=--_French._[813] - -That means they are skilful workmen. - - =The emperor of Germany is the king of kings, the king of Spain king - of men, the king of France king of asses, the king of England - king of devils.=--_French._[814] - - =It is better to hear the lark sing than the mouse creep.= - -This was the proverb of the Douglases, adopted by every Border chief -to express, as Sir Walter Scott observes, what the great Bruce had -pointed out--that the woods and hills were the safest bulwarks of their -country, instead of the fortified places which the English surpassed -their neighbours in the art of assaulting or defending. The Servians -have a similar saying: "Better to look from the mountain than from the -dungeon." - - =He that has missed seeing Seville has missed seeing a - marvel.=--_Spanish._[815] - - =See Naples and die.=--_Italian._[816] - - =There is but one Paris.=--_French._[817] - - -FOOTNOTES: - -[788] L'Inglese italianizzato, un diavolo incarnato. - -[789] Inghilterra paradiso di donne, purgatorio di borse, e inferno di -cavalli. - -[790] Con todo el mondo guerra, y paz con Inglaterra. - -[791] Op een witten Spanjaard en op een zwarten Engelschman moet men -acht geven. - -[792] Un Normand a son dit et son dédit. - -[793] Più pazzi di quei da Zago, che seminavano gucchie per raccogher -poi pali di ferro, e davano del letame al campanile perchè crescesse. - -[794] Quatre-vingt-dix-neuf moutons et un Champenois font cent bêtes. - -[795] Un don di Spagna, conte d'Allemagna, marchese di Francia, vescovo -d'Italia, cavaglier di Napoli, idalgo di Portugullo, nobile d'Ungheria -fanno una tal qual compagnia. - -[796] Gl' Italiani saggi innanzi il fatto, i Tedeschi nel fatto, i -Francesi dopo il fatto. - -[797] L'Italiano al cantare, i Francesi al ballare, i Spagnuoli al -bravare, i Tedeschi allo sbevacchiare, si conoscono. - -[798] Dove stanno Tedeschi, mal volontieri stanno Italiani. - -[799] Italia, teste, feste, e tempeste. - -[800] Chi ha da far con Tosco, non vuol esser losco. - -[801] E meglio star al bosco, e mangiar pignuoli, che star in castello -co' Spagnuoli. - -[802] Pan y ravanillos, comer de Dios. - -[803] Socorros de España, ó tarde, ó nunca. - -[804] Cosas de España. - -[805] Quando el Español canta, ó rabia, ó no tiene blanca. - -[806] Ein Pole würde eher am Sonntag ein Pferd stehlen, als am Freitag -Milch oder Butter essen. - -[807] Polen ist der Bauern Hölle, der Juden Paradies, der Bürger -Fegefeuer, der Edelleute Himmel, und der Fremden Goldgrube. - -[808] Eine Polnische Brücke, ein Böhmischer Mönkh, eine Schabische -Nonne, Welsche Andacht, und der Deutschen Fasten gelten eine Bohne. - -[809] Si le diable sortait de l'enfer pour combattre, il se -présenterait aussitôt un Français pour accepter le défi. - -[810] Quand le Français dort, le diable le berce. - -[811] Les Italiens pleurent, les Allemands crient, et les Français -chantent. - -[812] Bein canta o Francez, papo molhado. - -[813] Les Allemands ont l'esprit au doigts. - -[814] L'empereur d'Allemagne est le roy des roys, le roy d'Espagne roy -des hommes, le roy de France roy des asnes, et le roy d'Angleterre roy -des diables. - -[815] Quien no ha vista Sevilla, no ha vista maraviglia. - -[816] Vedi Napoli e poi mori. - -[817] Il n'y a qu'un Paris. - - - - -INDEX. - - Abbot, 114, 209, 210 - Aberdeen, 218 - Absence, 39 - Absent, 39 - Absents, 41 - Acorn, 51 - Adder, 19 - Ado, much, 128 - Adversity, 67, 151 - Advice, 159, 160 - Advise, 159 - Age, 31 - Agreement, 201 - Alcalde, 197 - Ale, 86, 175 - All but, 87 - Almost, 86, 87 - Alms, 115 - Altar, 123 - Anchuelos, secret of, 178 - Another, 110 - Anvil, 194 - Ape, 27, 35 - Apothecary, 204 - Appearances, 127 - Apple, 113 - Apples, 101 - April, 212, 213 - Arabic, 151 - Archer, 123 - Arm, 62, 73 - Arrow, 34 - Ashamed, 99 - Ass, 33, 34, 70, 76, 79, 90, 102, 120 - Ass's head, 34 - Ass's tail, 34 - Attorneys, 202 - August, 214 - Aunt's house, 40 - Aver, 34 - - - Bachelors' wives, 103 - Back, 54, 70 - Backward, 153 - Bacon, 128 - Badger, 41 - Bail, 64 - Bald, 124, 127 - Bale, 57 - Bargain, 74 - Barkers, 171 - Battle, 68, 193 - Bean, 123 - Bear, 142 - Beard, 59, 191 - Bearskin, 142 - Beauty, 8, 10 - Bee, 35 - Beetle, 101 - Beginning, 191, 194 - Begun, 191 - Bell, 91 - Bell the cat, 174 - Bend, 30 - Best, 75, 122, 152, 153 - Bides, 68 - Bird, 36, 37, 77, 141, 145, 173 - Bite, 58, 172, 173 - Bitterness, 110 - Blackamoor, 34, 120 - Black puddings, 113 - Blood, 33 - Blood-letting, 73 - Blossom, 30 - Boast, 173 - Boaster, 173 - Bog, 160 - Bohemian, 225 - Bone, 32 - Boot, 57 - Boots, 84 - Born, 54 - Born to be hanged, 182 - Borrow, 113, 138 - Bow, 82 - Brag, 173 - Bray, 134 - Bread, 189, 215 - Breeches, 181 - Bricks, 58 - Bride, 9 - Broke my leg, 56 - Brothers, 49 - Brother's house, 40 - Builds, 160 - Bull, 153, 206 - Bury, 203 - Bush, 47, 155, 175 - Busy, 72 - Butter, 132 - Buyer, 129 - By and by, 138 - - - Cackling, 86 - Cake, 123 - Cales, 222 - Calf, 81, 104 - Candle, 135 - Candlelight, 10 - Candlemas, 211, 212 - Cap, 125 - Capon, 114 - Capples, 22 - Captain, 197 - Carcass, 59 - Care, 129 - Case altered, 111 - Castile, 224 - Castles, 142, 143 - Cat, 33, 54, 61, 76, 86, 98, 106, 107, 128, 131, 149, 172 - Cat, a baited, 83 - Caudle, 114 - Chaff, 199 - Champenese, 219 - Charity, 104 - Charybdis, 158 - Cheapest, 75 - Cheats, 149 - Cheese, 132, 199 - Chester, 68 - Chick, 141 - Chickens, 141, 142 - Child, 26, 27, 64, 104, 114, 148, 170, 194 - Children, 26, 28, 52, 103 - Choice, 152 - Choose, 152 - Christened, 114 - Christian, 140 - Christmas, 214, 215, 217 - Church, 132 - Church of God, 210 - Churl, 116 - Clergy, 208 - Clerk, 197, 199, 208, 224 - Clerks, 151 - Cloak, 128 - Clocks, 217 - Clothes, 99 - Coach, 103 - Coal, 129 - Coal-sack, 35 - Coat, 73, 202 - Cobbler's dog, 103 - Cook, 27, 37, 65 - Collier, 37 - Colt, 29 - Common fame, 163 - Company, 99 - Comparisons, 154 - Comrade, 48 - Conquers, 69 - Contrivance, 157 - Cook, 196 - Cook and butler, 180 - Cornish, 218 - Cornwall, 56, 218 - Cossack, 69 - Cost, 75 - Council, 159 - Counsel, 63 - Counselled, 159 - Courtesy, 131 - Covet, 78 - Covetousness, 78 - Cow, 34, 104, 108 - Coward, 83 - Crab, 32 - Craft, 131 - Craftsman, 97 - Crane, 145 - Cranes, 179 - Creaking, 205 - Creep, 194 - Cripple, 120, 151 - Cripples, 85, 99 - Crooked carlin, 120 - Crooks, 30 - Crow, 27, 120 - Crucifixes, 55 - Cry, great, 128 - Cry out, 57 - Cup, 144 - Cupar, 93 - Curse, 172 - Custom, 96-98 - Cutty, 155 - - - Dainty, 189 - Dancer, 89 - Darkest hour, 57 - Daughter, 114 - Daughters, 24, 28 - Day, 67, 142 - Daylight, 166 - Dead, 114 - Dead men's, 146 - Dear, 74 - Debt, 64 - Deil, 65, 71, 72, 128, 200 - Deils, 63 - Delay, 139 - Devil, 86, 130, 132, 136, 138, 143, 153, 187, 217 - Devils, 52 - Die, 146 - Dirt, 162 - Dirty-nosed, 120 - Dishclout, 84, 163 - Disease, 203 - Ditch, 142 - Doctor, 203, 204 - Dog, 37, 48, 51, 58, 83, 103, 148, 150, 157, 162, 171, 190 - Dog, mad, 183 - Dogs, 99, 154 - Doing nothing, 71 - Dollar, 54 - Done, 191 - Donkey, 102 - Door, 67 - Down, 58, 59 - Drink, 90 - Driver, 122 - Drought, 214 - Drown, 182 - Drowned, 64, 182 - Drowning, 58 - Drunken, 124, 181 - Drunkenness, 181 - Dunghill, 37 - Dyke, 59, 103 - Dyke side, 72 - - - Eagles, 35, 59 - Ears, 28, 180 - Earth, 203 - East, 83 - Eaten bread, 118 - - Egg, 86, 113, 145 - Eggs, 154 - Elbow, 207 - Emperor, 132 - Empty, 129 - Ending, 191 - Enemy, 44, 83 - England, 214, 217 - English, 64 - Englishman, 37, 215-217 - Enough, 77-79 - Even song, 67 - Evening, 63 - Everybody, 163 - Every man, 94, 104 - Every one, 104, 105, 108, 159 - Everything, 194 - Evil, 57, 63 - Ewe, 70 - Ewe and lamb, 45 - Excuse, excuses, 39, 123, 124, 126 - Experience, 148 - Extremes, 83 - Eye, 78 - Eye, sore, 207 - - - Fair and softly, 79 - Fall out, 180 - Fame, common, 163 - Familiarity, 41 - Far awa', 39 - Farther, 153 - Fashion, 99 - Fashious, 40 - Fast bind, 65 - Fasting, 124 - Father, 26, 54, 187, 197 - Fault, 39, 123, 124, 129 - Faultless, 122 - Faults, 11 - Favour, 118 - Feast, 83 - February, 211 - Februeer, 211 - Fellowship, 50 - Feyther, 27 - Fiddlers, 50 - Fierce, 37, 83 - Fifteen, 29 - Figs, 94 - Filly, 27 - Fine, 9 - Fingers, 68 - Fire, 60, 81, 82, 163, 179 - Fire, catching, 124 - First blow, 193 - Fish, 68, 86, 94, 141, 149 - Fisherman, 122 - Five, 29 - Flawed pots, 205 - Flax, 11 - Fleas, 7, 80, 99 - Flesh, 32 - Fleyed, 57 - Flies, 35, 70, 81 - Flitches, 128 - Foe, 43 - Folks, 164 - Folly, 34 - Fool, 29, 34, 52, 75, 91, 94, 120, 160, 161, 169 - Fools, 28, 52, 74, 160 - Forbid, 94 - Forbidden fruit, 93 - Force, 157 - Forgotten, 39 - Fortune, 52, 55, 56 - Forward, 153 - Foster, 41, 46 - Foul finger, 121 - Fox, 154, 183 - Foxes, 183 - Framet, 40 - France, 225 - Free, 115 - Freere's, 209 - French, 222, 223, 225 - Frenchman, 225 - Friar, 55, 133, 209 - Friars, 209, 210 - Friar's conscience, 65 - Friday, 124, 224 - Friend, 40, 43, 45, 46, 204 - Friends, 39, 40, 43-46, 136, 147 - Friendship, 40, 42, 43, 45 - Frog, 34 - Fruit, 70, 161 - Fruit, forbidden, 93 - Fruit, late, 30 - Fryingpan, 161 - Fules, 197 - Full-fed, 190 - Furriers, 183 - - - Gain, 76 - Galled horse, 124 - Gallows, 116, 183 - Gambrel, 30 - Gander, 1 - Gear, 75 - Gear to tine, 186 - Gentle, 70, 81 - Gentleness, 81 - German, 222, 225 - Germany, 225 - Gibbet, 116 - Giblets, 115 - Giff-gaff, 50 - Gifts, 90 - Gileynoar, 79 - Giving, 113 - Glass houses, 119 - Glitters, 128 - Glowworm, 128 - Glutton, 81 - Goat, 10 - God, 105, 114, 130, 136, 138, 139, 141, 145, 170, 187, 200, 204 - God help, 120 - Godfathers, 114 - God's sake, 115, 210 - Gold, 83, 128, 188 - Good name, 164 - Good-will, 90 - Goodwin Sands, 220 - Goose, 1, 115 - Gospel, 157 - Gotham, 219 - Grace of God, 79 - Grapes, 94 - Grass, 211 - Greedy, 78, 79 - Grey mare, 23 - Grindstone, 218 - Gudewife, 76 - Gudewilly, 115 - Guest, 41 - - - Habit, 97 - Hackerton's cow, 112 - Hair, 124, 145 - Half, 155, 201 - Halt, 151 - Hameliness, 41 - Hand, 173 - Hand, in, 145 - Handsaw, 157 - Handsome, 10 - Hang, 125, 128, 154, 183-185 - Hanged, 84, 116, 125, 182, 184, 188 - Hanging, 125, 127 - Hangit, 109 - Hangs, 162 - Hanselled, 185 - Hap, 53 - Happy, 53, 187 - Hardest step, 193 - Hare, 101, 134 - Hares, 145 - Harried, 53 - Harvest, 214 - Haste, 80 - Hatter, 54 - Hawk, 34 - Hay, 138 - Head, sound, 123 - Hearsay, 163 - Heart, 110, 131 - Heaven, 136 - Heaven, goes to, 187 - Hell, 90, 91, 136, 202 - Helmet, 64 - Help, 46, 48, 160 - Helps, 147 - Helped, 159 - Hen, 23, 33 - Hens, 115 - Hen's egg, 86, 113 - Herring, 105, 141 - Hobby, 95 - Hog, 35 - Home, 36, 104 - Homely, 36 - Honest man, 132, 164, 167 - Honesty, 166 - Honey, 35, 70, 81, 196, 214 - Hood, 133 - Hooly and fairly, 79 - Hope, 125, 146, 147 - Hopers, 91 - Horn, 62, 133 - Horse, 29, 49, 70, 86, 90, 115 - Horse corn, 115 - Horses, 101 - Horse, a good, 122 - Horseman, 103 - Host, 108, 141 - Hostess, 9 - Hound, 33 - Hounds, 90, 101, 134, 150 - House, 21, 37, 38, 82, 175 - Hungarian, 222 - Hunger, 189, 190, 209 - Hungry, 81, 146, 189, 190 - Hunters, 132 - Hurt, 57 - Husbands, 22 - - - Ibycus, 179 - Idle, 71, 72 - Ill, 55, 56, 58 - Ill name, 162 - Ill said, 126 - Ill-will, 162 - Ill wind, 56 - Intentions, 90, 91 - Irishman, 216 - Iron, 138 - Italian, 222, 223, 225 - Italianised Englishman, 217 - Italy, 223 - - - Jack, 52, 82 - Janiveer, 211 - January, 211 - Jealousy, 12 - Jedwood, 185 - Jews, 224 - Joan, 10 - Jock Thief, 48 - John Jelly, 105 - Joyous heart, 89 - Judgment, 159 - July, 213 - June, 213 - Justice, 112 - Justice, Peralvillo, 184 - Justice, the, 197 - - - Kail, 65 - Kent, 222 - Kettle, 120 - Key, 65, 100 - Keys, 68 - Kick, 58 - Kiln, 120 - Kind, 33 - Kindness, 14, 42 - King, 38, 85, 101 - King's, 199 - King's horses, 102 - Kiss, 131 - Kissing, 46 - Kitchen, 74 - Knave, 117 - Knock down, 58 - - - Labours, 71 - Lack, 78 - Ladder, 48 - Lady, 49 - Laird, 136, 222 - Lamb, 84 - Landlady, 9 - Lark, 226 - Lass, 152 - Lasses, 11 - Late fruit, 30 - Lathered, 191 - Latin, 151 - Law, 145, 200, 201 - Law breakers, 200 - Law makers, 200 - Laws, 200 - Lawsuit, 201 - Lawyer, 201, 202 - Lawyers, 189, 201, 202 - Layman, 224 - Leak, 75 - Leap, 61 - Leg, 56, 73 - Lend, 114 - Leveret, 145 - Liar, 48, 173 - Liars, 165 - Lidford, 184 - Lie, lies, 123, 149, 165 - Lifeless, 122 - Likely, 128 - Lion, 37, 48, 83 - Lion's den, 96 - Little, 28 - Little sticks, 79 - Live, 150 - Live-long, 80 - London, 217 - Longears, 120 - Loose, 65 - Lorris, 58 - Losing, 55 - Love, 11-15, 26, 200 - Loyal, 222 - Luck, 51-54, 71 - Lucky, 53 - Luther's shoes, 102 - Lying, 86 - - - Mad, 100 - Mad dog, 183 - Maggots, 55 - Maid, 28 - Maiden, 185 - Maids' children, 103 - Malmsey, 93 - Many, 82 - Many ways, 156 - March, 212, 213 - Mare, 27, 129 - Marriage, 18, 20, 21 - Married, 114 - Marries, 16 - Marry, 15, 17, 21, 23, 24, 28 - Martin, 87, 88 - Mass, 139 - Master, 37, 50, 106, 197 - May, 212, 213 - Measure, 62 - Mice, 33 - Midden, 17, 37 - Mill, 83, 104, 147 - Miller, 106 - Mind, 39 - Minster, 139 - Mire, 128 - Mischief, 64, 71, 210 - Miser, 83 - Miser's money, 75 - Misfortune, 55, 56 - Miss, 87 - Mither, 26, 27 - Mixon, 16 - Money, 67, 184, 186 - Monk, 132, 210, 225 - Monks, 209 - Montgomery, 47 - Moor, 174, 188 - Morning, 63 - Moses, 58 - Mother, 26-28, 109, 170 - Mother-in-law, 25 - Mother of God, 52 - Mother's milk, 32 - Moulter, 106 - Mountain, 128, 226 - Mouse, 69, 77, 85, 128, 154, 226 - Mousetrap, 173 - Much, 78 - Much ado, 128 - Mulberry, 69 - Murder, 178 - - - Naebody, 126 - Naethin, 71 - Nag, 34 - Nail, 154, 206 - Naked, 99 - Naples, 226 - Neck, 55, 85 - Need, 48, 49, 190 - Neighbours, 40 - Nest, 36 - Newcastle, 218 - News, 109 - Night, 57, 142 - Nile, 54 - Nobody, 112 - Nose, 54, 109, 124, 125 - Nothing to do, 72 - November, 214 - Nuns, 209 - - - Offence, 126 - Office, 195, 197 - Offices, 196 - Old, 149, 206 - Old sores, 63 - Olive, 142 - One-eyed, 154 - Opens, 67 - Opinions, 160 - Orchard, 113 - Oven, 120 - Ower hot, 82 - Ower mony, 82 - Ox, 37, 54 - - - Pacha, 101 - Pains, 71, 72 - Pan, 120 - Paradise, 217 - Paris, 226 - Path, 123 - Patience, 66, 68, 69 - Pence, 75 - Penny, 54, 75, 84 - Peralvillo, 184 - Perforce, 90 - Perhaps, 86 - Perseverance, 69 - Peter, 45, 101 - Petticoat, 112 - Pettitoes, 115 - Physician, 121, 208 - Pie, 113 - Pig, 51, 61, 115, 128 - Pilot, 103 - Pinches, 110 - Pipers, 50 - Pitchers, 28 - Place, 195 - Plain dealing, 166 - Play, 82, 33 - Pleasure, 94 - Plenty, 189 - Poke, 61 - Poker, 120 - Poland, 224 - Pole, 224 - Polichinelle, secret of, 178 - Polish, 225 - Poor, 114 - Poor man, 76 - Pope, 135, 224 - Portuguese, 98, 222, 224 - Possession, 145 - Pot, 45, 108, 120 - Pots, 205 - Pottage, 14 - Potter, 108 - Poultry, 209 - Poverty, 14, 189, 190 - Praise, 142 - Pretty girl, 11 - Priest, 104, 123, 199, 209 - Priests, 208 - Pudding, 151 - Puddle, 123 - Purgatory, 217 - Puir man, 59 - Purse, 44, 76 - - - Quaker, 162 - - - Rain, 67 - Rains, 56 - Raven, 117, 120 - Raven, belongs to the, 182 - Reason, 156 - Receiver, 48 - Reckons, 140 - Refer, 202 - Reward, 197 - Rich, 114, 188 - Rich man, 44, 188 - Rich year, 215 - Ride, 49 - Ridiculous, 83 - Right, 57 - Rings, 68 - Riven Dish, 117 - River, 77, 129, 153, 183, 188 - Robin Hood, 102 - Rogue, 52, 188 - Rogues, 149, 180, 188, 200 - Rolling stone, 69 - Rome, 98, 135, 140 - Rope, 125, 127 - Rose, 123 - - - Sack, 48 - Saddle, 69, 86 - Sail, 86 - Saint, 131 - Saints, 197 - Salmon, 113 - Salt-box, 55 - Satan, 133 - Saying, 174 - Scolding wife, 22 - Scotsman, 216 - Scotsmen, 216 - Scottish, 218 - Scratch, 125 - Scylla, 153 - Sea, 86, 103 - Second thoughts, 83 - Secret, 177-180 - Self, 104, 106 - Self-praise, 175 - September, 214 - Serpent, 148 - Serves, 197 - Seville, 226 - Shabby, 128 - Shaft or bolt, 155 - Shave, 157 - Shaved, 191 - Sheep, 70, 84, 105, 169, 190 - Sheriff, 153 - Shift, 155 - Shins, 186 - Ship, 75, 151 - Shirt, 112 - Shoe, 110 - Shoemaker's wife, 140 - Shoes, 84 - Shoots, 122 - Shot, 123 - Shoulders, 70 - Shovel, 120 - Shrew, 103 - Shuts, 67 - Sicker, 123 - Sickness, 132 - Sight, 39 - Silence, 168, 169, 172 - Silent, 169 - Silk purse, 34 - Sing, 94 - Singed cat, 128 - Sink a ship, 55 - Skull, 120 - Skunk, 106 - Slander, 161 - Sleep, 63, 206 - Slight, 155 - Slip, 144 - Sloth, 72 - Smoky chimney, 22 - Smith, 97 - Smock, 112 - Smoke, 161 - Smokes, 163 - Snake, 117 - Snow, 215 - Soberness, 181 - Soft fire, 81 - Softly, 79 - Soldier, 197 - Soldiers, 132 - Son, 28, 187 - Sons-in-law, 114 - Soon, 30, 82 - Sore eye, 207 - Sore-eyed, 121 - Sores, old, 63 - Sorrow, 55 - Sour, 129 - Sow, 34, 49, 189 - Spain, 224, 225 - Spaniard, 217, 223, 224 - Spanish, 222 - Speech, 168 - Spoil, 98 - Spoil a horn, 62, 86 - Spoleto, 217 - Spoon, 86 - Spots, 121, 122 - Sprat, 113 - Spune, 62, 65 - Squints, 10 - Stable door, 63 - Steal, 115 - Steal a horse, 164, 217, 224 - Stealing, 133, 194 - Stop, 193 - Sticking, 156 - Sting, 117 - Stinking fish, 108 - Stockfish, 18 - Stolen, 63, 93 - Store, 75 - Storm, 67 - Stout, 49 - Stout heart, 69 - Stretch your arm, 62 - Strike, 138 - Stuarts, 101 - Stupidity, 52 - Sublime, 83 - Summer, 214 - Summers, 215 - Sunday, 224 - Supper, 76 - Supperless, 196 - Surety, 64 - Swabian, 225 - Sweet malt, 81 - Swimmer, 123 - - - Take-it-easy, 80 - Tarry breeks, 50 - Teeth, 16, 173 - Tenterden steeple, 220 - Tether, 145 - Thanks, 197 - Thief, 48, 116, 183, 194 - Thieves, 24, 184 - Think, 168 - Tholes, 69 - Thorn, 30 - Thorns, 101 - Threatened, 171, 172 - Threats, 173 - Three, 49 - Threshold, 193 - Thriftless, 76 - Thunder, 215 - Ties, 65 - Tiles, 119 - Time, 67, 69, 138, 139 - Tippler, 128 - Tired, 69 - Tod, 106 - To-day, 138, 145 - Tod's hide, 183 - Tom Noddy's, 178 - Tongue, 16, 131, 169, 170, 173 - To-morrow, 138, 145 - Too dear, 95 - Too many, 82, 154 - Too much, 77, 79, 131 - Tossed, 54 - Toughest, 69 - Traitors' bridge, 222 - Transplanted, 69 - Tree, 70 - Treve, 106 - Trust, 65, 107 - Truth, 166 - Tub, 105 - Tumble, 54 - Turn, 50 - Turn one's back, 187 - Tuscan, 223 - Twig, 30 - Two, 49 - Two anchors, 154 - Two faces, 133 - Two heads, 159 - Two parishes, 133 - Two strings, 154 - Two to one, 49 - - - Ugly, 9, 10 - Unhappy, 54, 146 - Unknown, 62 - Unlikely, 128 - Unlucky, 183 - Unmannerly, 40 - Unwilling, 90 - Use, 75, 96, 97 - - - Venom, 35 - Vicar of Bray, 134 - Vicars, 130 - Vine, 144 - Vinegar, 81 - Virtue, 202 - Voluntary, 89 - - - Wales, 222 - Wall, 59 - Walls, 180 - Want, 75 - Wants, 189 - War, 151, 217 - Wasp, 35 - Waste, 75 - Water, 59, 93, 100, 104, 129, 131, 144, 147, 182, 188 - Waters, 129 - Way, 89 - Weakest, 59 - Wed, 16, 20 - Wedding, 24 - Wee fire, 79 - Welcome, 41 - Well, a, 64 - Wells, 100 - Welsh, 216 - Welshman, 216 - West, 83 - Wheelbarrow, 103 - Whistle, 95 - White flour, 35 - Widow 18, 24 - Wife, 2, 17-20, 22-24, 152 - Wife's, 3, 7 - Wight man, 89 - Wilful, 93 - Will, 89, 90, 139 - Willing, 89, 115 - Willing horse, 70 - Wind, 56, 86, 174, 206 - Winding-sheets, 54 - Wine, 43, 175, 176, 181, 214 - Winters, 215 - Wise men, 197 - Wist, 62 - Wit, 75, 148, 181 - Wives, 22 - Wolf, 32, 70, 163, 169 - Wolves, 99 - Woman, 1, 2, 4, 6, 7, 9, 11, 210 - Women, 1-4, 6, 7, 10, 208 - Woo, 17, 20 - Wood, 142 - Woodie, 182 - Wooing, 21 - Wool, 128 - Words, 168, 172, 174, 181 - Work, 82, 90 - World, 58 - Worst, 57, 172, 174, 181 - Wren, 145 - Write, 169 - Wrong, 57 - Wytes, 123 - - - Yew bow, 68 - Yorkshire, 217 - Yorkshireman, 217 - Young, 206 - Youth, 29, 31 - Yowl, 57 - - - Zago, 219 - -THE END. - - -Winchester: Printed by Hugh Barclay. - - - - -NEW BOOKS - -PUBLISHED BY W. 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BOGUE), 86, FLEET STREET, - AND PATERNOSTER ROW. - - - - -Transcriber's Note: - -Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained. Minor punctuation -inconsistencies have been silently repaired. - -Corrections. - -The first line indicates the original, the second the correction. - -p. 154 - - =The mouse that has but one hole is soon caught.= - =The mouse that has but one hole is soon caught.= (Latin) - -p. 193 - - =Teh hardest step is over the threshold.= - =The hardest step is over the threshold.= - -Footnote 362: - - Der Weg zum Verderben est mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert. - Der Weg zum Verderben ist mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert. - -Footnote 557: - - Chi della serpa è punto, ha paura della lucertola. - Chi della serpe è punto, ha paura della lucertola. - -Footnote 653: - - Van dreigen sterft man niet. - Van dreigen sterft men niet. - -Footnote 657: - - Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. Bofeton amagado, nunca bien dado. - Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. Bofetón amagado, nunca bien dado. - -Footnote 658: - - Gato maublador nunca buen caçador. - Gato maullador nunca buen caçador. - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Proverbs of All Nations, by Walter Keating Kelly - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS *** - -***** This file should be named 63190-0.txt or 63190-0.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/3/1/9/63190/ - -Produced by ellinora, Eleni Christofaki and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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You may copy it, give it away or re-use it under the terms of -the Project Gutenberg License included with this eBook or online at -www.gutenberg.org. If you are not located in the United States, you'll have -to check the laws of the country where you are located before using this ebook. - -Title: Proverbs of All Nations - Compared, Explained, and Illustrated - -Author: Walter Keating Kelly - -Release Date: September 12, 2020 [EBook #63190] - -Language: English - -Character set encoding: UTF-8 - -*** START OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS *** - - - - -Produced by ellinora, Eleni Christofaki and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - - - - - - -</pre> - - -<div class="transnote"><h3>Transcriber's note.</h3> - -<p>A list of the changes made can be found at the <a href="#Transcribers_Note">end of the book</a>. -</p> -</div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h1>PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS.</h1> -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="figcenter"> -<img src="images/i_title.jpg" width="650" height="1000" alt="" /> -</div> -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p class="center"><big><b>PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS</b></big>, -<br /> -COMPARED, -<br /> -EXPLAINED, AND ILLUSTRATED.</p> - -<p class="center"><small>BY</small><br /> -<b>WALTER K. KELLY</b>.</p> - -<p class="p2">"Even the best proverb, though often the expression of the widest experience -in the choicest language, can be thoroughly misapplied. It cannot embrace the -whole of the subject, and apply in all cases like a mathematical formula. Its -wisdom lies in the ear of the hearer."—<span class="smcap">Friends in Council.</span></p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>LONDON</b>:<br /> -W. KENT & CO. (LATE D. BOGUE), 86, FLEET STREET,<br /> -AND PATERNOSTER ROW.</p> -<p class="center"> -1859.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p class="p2 center"> -WINCHESTER:<br /> -PRINTED BY HUGH BARCLAY,<br /> -HIGH STREET. -</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<h2>PREFACE.</h2> - -<p class="noin"><span class="smcap">English literature</span>, in most departments the richest in -Europe, is yet the only one in which there has hitherto -existed no comprehensive collection of proverbs adapted -to general use. To supply this deficiency is the object -of the present attempt.</p> - -<p>Dean Trench, in the preface to his "Proverbs and -their Lessons," adverts to "the immense number and -variety of books bearing on the subject;" but adds, -that among them all he knows not one which appears to -him quite suitable for all readers. "Either," he says, -"they include matter which cannot fitly be placed -before all—or they address themselves to the scholar -alone; or, if not so, are at any rate inaccessible to the -mere English reader—or they contain bare lists of -proverbs, with no endeavour to compare, illustrate, or -explain them—or, if they do seek to explain, they yet -do it without attempting to sound the depths or measure -the real significance of that which they attempt to -unfold."</p> - -<p>My own experience in this department of literature is -entirely in accordance with these views. I have, therefore, -during the preparation of the following pages, kept -constantly before my mind the Dean of Westminster's -precise statement of things to be done, and things to be -avoided.</p> - -<p>British proverbs for the most part form the basis of -this collection. They are arranged according to their -import and affinity, and under each of them are grouped -translations of their principal equivalents in other languages, -the originals being generally appended in footnotes. -By this means are formed natural families of -proverbs, the several members of which acquire increased<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_vi" id="Page_vi">[vi]</a></span> -significance from the light they reflect on each other. -At the same time, a source of lively interest is opened -for the reader, who is thus enabled to observe the -manifold diversities of form which the same thought -assumes, as expressed in different times and by many -distinct races of men; to trace the unity in variety -which pervades the oldest and most universal monuments -of opinion and sentiment among mankind; and -to verify for himself the truth of Lord Bacon's well-known -remark, that "the genius, wit, and spirit of a -nation are discovered in its proverbs."</p> - -<p>Touching as they do upon so wide a range of human -concerns, proverbs are necessarily associated with written -literature. Sometimes they are created by it; much -oftener they are woven into its texture. Personal -anecdotes turn upon them in many instances; and not -unfrequently they have figured in national history, or -have helped to preserve the memory of events, manners, -usages, and ideas, some of which have left little other -record of their existence. From the wealth of illustration -thus inviting my hand, I have sought to gather -whatever might elucidate and enliven my subject without -overlaying it. In this way I hope to have overcome -the general objection alleged by Isaac Disraeli -against collections of proverbs, on the ground of their -"unreadableness." It is true, as he says, that "taking -in succession a multitude of insulated proverbs, their -slippery nature resists all hope of retaining one in a -hundred;" but this remark, I venture to believe, does -not apply to the present collection, in which proverbs -are not insulated, but presented in orderly, coherent -groups, and accompanied with appropriate accessories, -so as to fit them for being considered with some -continuity of thought.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<h2>CONTENTS.</h2> - -<table summary="contents"> - <tr><td> </td> - <td>PAGE</td></tr> -<tr> -<td>WOMEN, LOVE, MARRIAGE, ETC.</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#WOMEN_LOVE_MARRIAGE_ETC">1</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>PARENTS AND CHILDREN </td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_26">26</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>YOUTH AND AGE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_29">29</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>NATURAL CHARACTER </td> - <td class="tdr"> <a href="#Page_32">32</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>HOME</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_36">36</a></td></tr> - -<tr><td>PRESENCE, ABSENCE, SOCIAL INTERCOURSE </td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_39">39</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>FRIENDSHIP</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_42">42</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>CO-OPERATION, RECIPROCITY, SUBORDINATION</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_47">47</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>LUCK, FORTUNE, MISFORTUNE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_51">51</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>FORETHOUGHT, CARE, CAUTION</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_61">61</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>PATIENCE, FORTITUDE, PERSEVERANCE </td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_66">66</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>INDUSTRY AND IDLENESS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_71">71</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>THRIFT</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_73">73</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>MODERATION, EXCESS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_77">77</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>THOROUGHGOING, THE WHOLE HOG</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_84">84</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>WILL, INCLINATION, DESIRE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_89">89</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>CUSTOM, HABIT, USE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_96">96</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SELF-CONCEIT, SPURIOUS PRETENSIONS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_101">101</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SELF-LOVE, SELF-INTEREST, SELF-RELIANCE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_104">104</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SELFISHNESS IN GIVING, SPURIOUS BENEVOLENCE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_113">113</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>INGRATITUDE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_116">116</a></td></tr> -<tr><td><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_viii" id="Page_viii">[viii]</a></span> -THE MOTE AND THE BEAM </td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_119">119</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>FAULTS, EXCUSES, UNEASY CONSCIOUSNESS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_122">122</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>FALSE APPEARANCES AND PRETENCES, HYPOCRISY, DOUBLE -DEALING, TIME-SERVING</td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_127">127</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>OPPORTUNITY</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_138">138</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>UNCERTAINTY OF THE FUTURE, HOPE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_141">141</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>EXPERIENCE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_148">148</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>CHOICE, DILEMMA, COMPARISON</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_152">152</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SHIFTS, CONTRIVANCES, STRAINED USES</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_155">155</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>ADVICE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_159">159</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>DETRACTION, CALUMNY, COMMON FAME, GOOD REPUTE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_161">161</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>TRUTH, FALSEHOOD, HONESTY</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_165">165</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SPEECH, SILENCE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_168">168</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>THREATENING, BOASTING</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_171">171</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SECRETS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_177">177</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>RETRIBUTION, PENAL JUSTICE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_182">182</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>WEALTH, POVERTY, PLENTY, WANT</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_187">187</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>BEGINNING AND END</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_191">191</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>OFFICE</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_195">195</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>LAW AND LAWYERS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_200">200</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>PHYSIC, PHYSICIANS, MAXIMS RELATING TO HEALTH</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_203">203</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>CLERGY</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_208">208</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>SEASONS, WEATHER </td> -<td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_211">211</a></td> -</tr> -<tr><td>NATIONAL AND LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS, LOCAL ALLUSIONS</td> - <td class="tdr"><a href="#Page_216">216</a></td></tr> -</table> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p class="center"><b><big>PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS.</big></b></p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<h2><a id="WOMEN_LOVE_MARRIAGE_ETC"></a>WOMEN, LOVE, MARRIAGE, ETC.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>What's sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_1" id="Page_1">[1]</a></span>This is an Englishwoman's proverb. The Italian -sisterhood complain that "In men every mortal sin is -venial; in women every venial sin is mortal."<a name="FNanchor_1_1" id="FNanchor_1_1"></a><a href="#Footnote_1_1" class="fnanchor">[1]</a> These -are almost the only proverbs relating to women in -which justice is done to them, all the rest being manifestly -the work of the unfair sex.</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>If a woman were as little as she is good,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>A peascod would make her a gown and a hood.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>This is Ray's version of an Italian slander.<a name="FNanchor_2_2" id="FNanchor_2_2"></a><a href="#Footnote_2_2" class="fnanchor">[2]</a> The -Germans say, "Every woman would rather be handsome -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_2" id="Page_2">[2]</a></span> -than good;"<a name="FNanchor_3_3" id="FNanchor_3_3"></a><a href="#Footnote_3_3" class="fnanchor">[3]</a> and that, indeed, "There are only -two good women in the world: one of them is dead, -and the other is not to be found."<a name="FNanchor_4_4" id="FNanchor_4_4"></a><a href="#Footnote_4_4" class="fnanchor">[4]</a> The French, in -spite of their pretended gallantry, have the coarseness -to declare that "A man of straw is worth a woman of -gold;"<a name="FNanchor_5_5" id="FNanchor_5_5"></a><a href="#Footnote_5_5" class="fnanchor">[5]</a> and even the Spaniard, who sometimes speaks -words of stately courtesy towards the female sex, -advises you to "Beware of a bad woman, and put no -trust in a good one."<a name="FNanchor_6_6" id="FNanchor_6_6"></a><a href="#Footnote_6_6" class="fnanchor">[6]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"The crab of the wood is sauce very good</div> -<div class="i2">For the crab of the sea;</div> -<div class="i0">But the wood of the crab is sauce for a drab,</div> -<div class="i2">That will not her husband obey."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>A spaniel, a woman, and a walnut tree,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>The more they're beaten the better they be.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>There is Latin authority for this barbarous distich.<a name="FNanchor_7_7" id="FNanchor_7_7"></a><a href="#Footnote_7_7" class="fnanchor">[7]</a> -The Italians say, "Women, asses, and nuts require -rough hands."<a name="FNanchor_8_8" id="FNanchor_8_8"></a><a href="#Footnote_8_8" class="fnanchor">[8]</a> Much wiser is the Scotch adage,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Ye may ding the deil into a wife, but ye'll ne'er ding him out -o' her.</b> -</p> - -<p class="p2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_3" id="Page_3">[3]</a></span> - -<b>Take your wife's first advice, and not her second.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The French make the rule more general—"Take a -woman's first advice, &c."<a name="FNanchor_9_9" id="FNanchor_9_9"></a><a href="#Footnote_9_9" class="fnanchor">[9]</a> There is good reason for -this if the Italian proverb is true, "Women are wise -offhand, and fools on reflection."<a name="FNanchor_10_10" id="FNanchor_10_10"></a><a href="#Footnote_10_10" class="fnanchor">[10]</a> They have less -logical minds than men, but surpass them in quickness -of intuition, having, says Dean Trench, "what Montaigne -ascribes to them in a remarkable word, <i>l'esprit -prime-sautier</i>—the leopard's spring, which takes its prey, -if it be to take it at all, at the first bound." "Summer-sown -corn and women's advice turn out well once in -seven years,"<a name="FNanchor_11_11" id="FNanchor_11_11"></a><a href="#Footnote_11_11" class="fnanchor">[11]</a> say the Germans; and the Spaniards -hold that "A woman's counsel is no great thing, but -he who does not take it is a fool."<a name="FNanchor_12_12" id="FNanchor_12_12"></a><a href="#Footnote_12_12" class="fnanchor">[12]</a> In Servia they -say, "It is sometimes right even to obey a sensible -wife;" and they tell this story in elucidation of the -proverb. A Herzegovinian once asked a Kadi whether -a man ought to obey his wife, whereupon the Kadi -answered that he needed not to do so. The Herzegovinian -then continued, "My wife pressed me this -morning to bring thee a pot of beef suet, so I have -done well in not obeying her." Then said the Kadi, -"Verily, it is sometimes right even to obey a sensible -wife."</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_4" id="Page_4">[4]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It's nae mair ferlie to see a woman greet than to see a guse gang -barefit.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, it is no more wonder to see a woman cry than -to see a goose go barefoot. "Women laugh when they -can, and weep when they will."<a name="FNanchor_13_13" id="FNanchor_13_13"></a><a href="#Footnote_13_13" class="fnanchor">[13]</a> This is a French -proverb, translated by Ray. Its want of rhyme makes -it probable that it was never naturalised in England. -The Italians say, "A woman complains, a woman's in -woe, a woman is sick, when she likes to be so,"<a name="FNanchor_14_14" id="FNanchor_14_14"></a><a href="#Footnote_14_14" class="fnanchor">[14]</a> and -that "A woman's tears are a fountain of craft."<a name="FNanchor_15_15" id="FNanchor_15_15"></a><a href="#Footnote_15_15" class="fnanchor">[15]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A woman's mind and winter wind change oft.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Women are variable as April weather" (German).<a name="FNanchor_16_16" id="FNanchor_16_16"></a><a href="#Footnote_16_16" class="fnanchor">[16]</a> -"Women, wind, and fortune soon change" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_17_17" id="FNanchor_17_17"></a><a href="#Footnote_17_17" class="fnanchor">[17]</a> -Francis I. of France wrote one day with a diamond on -a window of the château of Chambord,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Souvent femme varie:</div> -<div class="i0">Bien fou qui s'y fie."</div> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"A woman changes oft:</div> -<div class="i0">Who trusts her is right soft."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">His sister, Queen Margaret of Navarre, entered the -room as he was writing the ungallant couplet, and, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_5" id="Page_5">[5]</a></span>protesting against such a slander on her sex, she -declared that she could quote twenty instances of -man's fickleness. Francis retorted that her reply was -not to the point, and that he would rather hear one -instance of woman's constancy. "Can you mention a -single instance of her inconstancy?" asked the Queen -of Navarre. It happened that a few weeks before this -conversation a gentleman of the court had been thrown -into prison upon a serious charge; and his wife, who -was one of the queen's ladies in waiting, was reported -to have eloped with his page. Certain it was that -the page and the lady had fled, no one could tell -whither. Francis triumphantly cited this case; but -Margaret warmly defended the lady, and said that time -would prove her innocence. The king shook his head, -but promised that if, within a month, her character -should be re-established, he would break the pane on -which the couplet was written, and grant his sister -whatever boon she might ask. Many days had not -elapsed after this, when it was discovered that it was -not the lady who had fled with the page, but her -husband. During one of her visits to him in prison -they had exchanged clothes, and he was thus enabled -to deceive the jailer, and effect his escape, while the -devoted wife remained in his place. Margaret claimed -his pardon at the king's hand, who not only granted it, -but gave a grand fête and tournament to celebrate this -instance of conjugal affection. He also destroyed the -pane of glass, but the calumnious saying inscribed on -it has unfortunately survived.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_6" id="Page_6">[6]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>A woman's tongue wags like a lamb's tail.</b></p> - -<p><b>A woman's strength is in her tongue.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i></p> - -<p><b>Arthur could not tame a woman's tongue.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Three women and three geese make a market,"<a name="FNanchor_18_18" id="FNanchor_18_18"></a><a href="#Footnote_18_18" class="fnanchor">[18]</a> -according to the Italians. "Foxes are all tail, and -women are all tongue;" at least, it is so in Auvergne.<a name="FNanchor_19_19" id="FNanchor_19_19"></a><a href="#Footnote_19_19" class="fnanchor">[19]</a> -"All women are good Lutherans," say the Danes; -"they would rather preach than hear mass."<a name="FNanchor_20_20" id="FNanchor_20_20"></a><a href="#Footnote_20_20" class="fnanchor">[20]</a> "A -woman's tongue is her sword, and she does not let it -rust," is a saying of the Chinese.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Swine, women, and bees are not to be turned.</b></p> - -<p><b>"Because" is a woman's answer.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p class="noin">And not so unmeaning an answer as flippant critics -imagine. It is an example of that much-admired -figure of speech, aposiopesis, and means—because I -will have it so. "What a woman wills, God wills" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_21_21" id="FNanchor_21_21"></a><a href="#Footnote_21_21" class="fnanchor">[21]</a> "Whatever a woman will she can" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_22_22" id="FNanchor_22_22"></a><a href="#Footnote_22_22" class="fnanchor">[22]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"The man's a fool who thinks by force or skill</div> -<div class="i0">To stem the torrent of a woman's will;</div> -<div class="i0">For if she will, she will, you may depend on't,</div> -<div class="i0">And if she won't, she won't, and there's an end on't."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_7" id="Page_7">[7]</a></span> - -The cunning of the sex is equal to their obstinacy. -"Women know a point more than the devil" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_23_23" id="FNanchor_23_23"></a><a href="#Footnote_23_23" class="fnanchor">[23]</a> -What wonder, then, if "A bag of fleas is easier to -keep guard over than a woman?" (German).<a name="FNanchor_24_24" id="FNanchor_24_24"></a><a href="#Footnote_24_24" class="fnanchor">[24]</a> The -wilfulness of woman is pleasantly hinted at in the -Scotch proverb, "'Gie her her will, or she'll burst,' -quoth the gudeman when his wife was dinging -him."</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>A woman conceals what she does not know.</b></p> - -<p><b>Women and bairns lein [conceal] what they kenna.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"To a woman and a magpie tell what you would -speak in the market-place" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_25_25" id="FNanchor_25_25"></a><a href="#Footnote_25_25" class="fnanchor">[25]</a> Hotspur says -to his wife,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"Constant you are,</div> -<div class="i0">But yet a woman, and for secrecy</div> -<div class="i0">No lady closer; for I well believe</div> -<div class="i0">Thou wilt not utter what thou dost not know,</div> -<div class="i0">And so far I will trust thee, gentle Kate."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">But, if there is truth in proverbs, men have no right -to reproach women for blabbing. A woman can at -least keep her own secret. Try her on the subject of -her age.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_8" id="Page_8">[8]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Beauty draws more than oxen.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One hair of a woman draws more than a bell-rope" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_26_26" id="FNanchor_26_26"></a><a href="#Footnote_26_26" class="fnanchor">[26]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p>"And beauty draws us with a single hair."</p> - -<p class="p2"><b>Beauty buys no beef.</b></p> - -<p><b>Beauty is no inheritance.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>In spite of these curmudgeon maxims, let no fair -maid despair whose face is her fortune, for "She that -is born a beauty is born married" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_27_27" id="FNanchor_27_27"></a><a href="#Footnote_27_27" class="fnanchor">[27]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Beauty is but skin deep.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The saying itself is no deeper. It is physically untrue, -for beauty is not an accident of surface, but a -natural result and attribute of a fine organisation. A -man may sneer, like Ralph Nickleby, at a lovely face, -because he chooses rather to see "the grinning death's -head beneath it;" but Ralph was a heartless villain, -and that is only another name for a fool. "Beauty is -one of God's' gifts," says Mr. Lewes, "and every one -really submits to its influence, whatever platitudes he -may think needful to issue.... How, think you, -should we ever have relished the immortal fragments of -Greek literature, if our conception of Greek men and -Greek women had been formed by the contemplation -of figures such as those of Chinese art? Would any -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_9" id="Page_9">[9]</a></span>pulse have throbbed at the Labdacidan tale had the -descendants of Labdacus risen before the imagination -with obese rotundity, large ears, gashes of mouths, eyes -lurching upwards towards the temples, and no nose to -speak of? Could we with any sublime emotions picture -to ourselves Fo-Ti on the Promethean rock, or a Congou -Antigone wailing her unwedded death?"</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Fine feathers make fine fowls.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Therefore, "If you want a wife choose her on -Saturday, not on Sunday" (Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_28_28" id="FNanchor_28_28"></a><a href="#Footnote_28_28" class="fnanchor">[28]</a> <i>i.e.</i>, choose her -in undress. "No woman is ugly when she is dressed" -(Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_29_29" id="FNanchor_29_29"></a><a href="#Footnote_29_29" class="fnanchor">[29]</a> at least, she is not so in her own opinion. -"The swarthy dame, dressed fine, decries the fair one" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_30_30" id="FNanchor_30_30"></a><a href="#Footnote_30_30" class="fnanchor">[30]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The fairer the hostess the fouler the reckoning.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A handsome landlady is bad for the purse" (French);<a name="FNanchor_31_31" id="FNanchor_31_31"></a><a href="#Footnote_31_31" class="fnanchor">[31]</a> -for this among other reasons—that "If the landlady is -fair, the wine too is fair" (German).<a name="FNanchor_32_32" id="FNanchor_32_32"></a><a href="#Footnote_32_32" class="fnanchor">[32]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A bonny bride is sune buskit.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Buskit—dressed. She needs little adornment to -enhance her charms.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_10" id="Page_10">[10]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Joan is as good as my lady in the dark.</b> -</p> -<p><b>When candles are out all cats are grey.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Blemishes are unseen by night,"<a name="FNanchor_33_33" id="FNanchor_33_33"></a><a href="#Footnote_33_33" class="fnanchor">[33]</a> says an ancient -Latin proverb; and the Greeks held that "When the -lamp is removed all women are alike."<a name="FNanchor_34_34" id="FNanchor_34_34"></a><a href="#Footnote_34_34" class="fnanchor">[34]</a> Opinions may -differ on that point, but all agree that</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"The night</div> -<div class="i0">Shows stars and women in a better light."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">Hence the Italian warning to choose "Neither jewel, -nor woman, nor linen by candlelight;"<a name="FNanchor_35_35" id="FNanchor_35_35"></a><a href="#Footnote_35_35" class="fnanchor">[35]</a> and the -French hyperbole, "By candlelight a goat looks a -lady."<a name="FNanchor_36_36" id="FNanchor_36_36"></a><a href="#Footnote_36_36" class="fnanchor">[36]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>If Jack is in love he is no judge of Jill's beauty.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Nobody's sweetheart is ugly" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_37_37" id="FNanchor_37_37"></a><a href="#Footnote_37_37" class="fnanchor">[37]</a> "Never -seemed a prison fair or a mistress foul" (French).<a name="FNanchor_38_38" id="FNanchor_38_38"></a><a href="#Footnote_38_38" class="fnanchor">[38]</a> -"Handsome is not what is handsome, but what -pleases" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_39_39" id="FNanchor_39_39"></a><a href="#Footnote_39_39" class="fnanchor">[39]</a> "He whose fair one squints says -she ogles" (German).<a name="FNanchor_40_40" id="FNanchor_40_40"></a><a href="#Footnote_40_40" class="fnanchor">[40]</a> "'Red is Love's colour,' said -the wooer to his foxy charmer" (German).<a name="FNanchor_41_41" id="FNanchor_41_41"></a><a href="#Footnote_41_41" class="fnanchor">[41]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_11" id="Page_11">[11]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Love is blind.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Blind to all imperfections in the beloved object; -blind also to everything around it—to facts, consequences, -and prudential considerations. "People in -love think that other people's eyes are out" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_42_42" id="FNanchor_42_42"></a><a href="#Footnote_42_42" class="fnanchor">[42]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is hard to keep flax from the lowe [fire].</b>-<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Man is fire, woman tow, and the devil comes and -blows" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_43_43" id="FNanchor_43_43"></a><a href="#Footnote_43_43" class="fnanchor">[43]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Glasses and lasses are bruckle [brittle] wares.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>A pretty girl and a tattered gown are sure to find some hook in the -way.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>Italy appears to be the original country of this -proverb, though it is popularly current in Ulster. "A -handsome woman and a pinked or slashed garment" -are the things mentioned in the Italian proverb.<a name="FNanchor_44_44" id="FNanchor_44_44"></a><a href="#Footnote_44_44" class="fnanchor">[44]</a> The -French form<a name="FNanchor_45_45" id="FNanchor_45_45"></a><a href="#Footnote_45_45" class="fnanchor">[45]</a> corresponds with the Irish.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Where love fails we espy all faults.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Faults are thick where love is thin.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_12" id="Page_12">[12]</a></span> - -<b>Hot love is soon cold.</b></p> - -<p><b>Love me little, love me long.</b></p> - -<p><b>Love of lads and fire of chats are soon in and soon -out.</b>—<i>Derbyshire.</i></p> -</blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Chats, <i>i.e.</i>, chips.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Lads' love's a busk of broom, hot a while and soon done.</b>—<i>Cheshire.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Love is never without jealousy.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that is not jealous is not in love," says St. -Augustin;<a name="FNanchor_46_46" id="FNanchor_46_46"></a><a href="#Footnote_46_46" class="fnanchor">[46]</a> but that depends not only upon the disposition -of the lover, but upon the point arrived at in -the history of his love. Doubts and fears are excusable -in one who has not yet had assurance that his passion -is returned, but afterwards "Love expels jealousy" -(French),<a name="FNanchor_47_47" id="FNanchor_47_47"></a><a href="#Footnote_47_47" class="fnanchor">[47]</a> or, at least, it ought to do so. "Love -demands faith, and faith steadfastness" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_48_48" id="FNanchor_48_48"></a><a href="#Footnote_48_48" class="fnanchor">[48]</a> -but too often "Love gives for guerdon jealousy and -broken faith" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_49_49" id="FNanchor_49_49"></a><a href="#Footnote_49_49" class="fnanchor">[49]</a> It is an Italian woman's -belief that "It is better to have a husband without -love than with jealousy."<a name="FNanchor_50_50" id="FNanchor_50_50"></a><a href="#Footnote_50_50" class="fnanchor">[50]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>No folly to being in love.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"To love and to be wise is impossible" (Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_51_51" id="FNanchor_51_51"></a><a href="#Footnote_51_51" class="fnanchor">[51]</a> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_13" id="Page_13">[13]</a></span>or, as an antique French proverb says, the two things -have not the same abode.<a name="FNanchor_52_52" id="FNanchor_52_52"></a><a href="#Footnote_52_52" class="fnanchor">[52]</a> This is the creed of those -who have not themselves been lovers. As Calderon -sings, in lines admirably rendered by Mr. Fitzgerald,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"He who far off beholds another dancing,</div> -<div class="i0">Even one who dances best, and all the time</div> -<div class="i0">Hears not the music that he dances to,</div> -<div class="i0">Thinks him a madman, apprehending not</div> -<div class="i0">The law which moves his else eccentric action;</div> -<div class="i0">So he that's in himself insensible</div> -<div class="i0">Of love's sweet influence, misjudges him</div> -<div class="i0">Who moves according to love's melody;</div> -<div class="i0">And knowing not that all these sighs and tears,</div> -<div class="i0">Ejaculations and impatiences,</div> -<div class="i0">Are necessary changes of a measure</div> -<div class="i0">Which the divine musician plays, may call</div> -<div class="i0">The lover crazy, which he would not do,</div> -<div class="i0">Did he within his own heart hear the tune</div> -<div class="i0">Play'd by the great musician of the world."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>They that lie down [i.e., fall sick] for love should rise for -hunger</b>.—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">The presumption being that, if they had not been too -well fed, they would not have been troubled with that -disease. "Without Ceres and Bacchus, Venus -freezes" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_53_53" id="FNanchor_53_53"></a><a href="#Footnote_53_53" class="fnanchor">[53]</a> "No love without bread and wine" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_54_54" id="FNanchor_54_54"></a><a href="#Footnote_54_54" class="fnanchor">[54]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_14" id="Page_14">[14]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Old pottage is sooner heated than new made.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An old flame is sooner revived than a new one -kindled. "One always returns to one's first love" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_55_55" id="FNanchor_55_55"></a><a href="#Footnote_55_55" class="fnanchor">[55]</a> "True love never grows hoary" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_56_56" id="FNanchor_56_56"></a><a href="#Footnote_56_56" class="fnanchor">[56]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Love and light cannot be hid.</b></p> - -<p><b>Love and a cough cannot be hid.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>The French add smoke to these irrepressible things.<a name="FNanchor_57_57" id="FNanchor_57_57"></a><a href="#Footnote_57_57" class="fnanchor">[57]</a> -<i>La gale</i> is sometimes enumerated with them; and the -Danes say, "Poverty and love are hard to hide."<a name="FNanchor_58_58" id="FNanchor_58_58"></a><a href="#Footnote_58_58" class="fnanchor">[58]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Love and lordship like not fellowship.</b></p> - -<p><b>Kindness comes awill.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -</blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, love cannot be forced. The Germans couple -it in that respect with singing.<a name="FNanchor_59_59" id="FNanchor_59_59"></a><a href="#Footnote_59_59" class="fnanchor">[59]</a> "Who would be loved -must love,"<a name="FNanchor_60_60" id="FNanchor_60_60"></a><a href="#Footnote_60_60" class="fnanchor">[60]</a> say the Italians; and "Love is the very -price at which love is to be bought."<a name="FNanchor_61_61" id="FNanchor_61_61"></a><a href="#Footnote_61_61" class="fnanchor">[61]</a></p> - -<p>Our English proverbs on love are for the most part -sarcastic or jocular, and few of them can be compared, -for grace and elevation of feeling, with those of Italy. -We have no parallels in our language for the following:—<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_15" id="Page_15">[15]</a></span>"Love knows -no measure"<a name="FNanchor_62_62" id="FNanchor_62_62"></a><a href="#Footnote_62_62" class="fnanchor">[62]</a>—there are no bounds -to its trustfulness and devotion;—"Love warms more -than a thousand fires;"<a name="FNanchor_63_63" id="FNanchor_63_63"></a><a href="#Footnote_63_63" class="fnanchor">[63]</a>—"He who has love in his -heart has spurs in his sides;"<a name="FNanchor_64_64" id="FNanchor_64_64"></a><a href="#Footnote_64_64" class="fnanchor">[64]</a>—"Love rules without -law;"<a name="FNanchor_65_65" id="FNanchor_65_65"></a><a href="#Footnote_65_65" class="fnanchor">[65]</a>—"Love rules his kingdom without a sword;"<a name="FNanchor_66_66" id="FNanchor_66_66"></a><a href="#Footnote_66_66" class="fnanchor">[66]</a>—"Love -knows not labour;"<a name="FNanchor_67_67" id="FNanchor_67_67"></a><a href="#Footnote_67_67" class="fnanchor">[67]</a>—"Love is master of all -arts."<a name="FNanchor_68_68" id="FNanchor_68_68"></a><a href="#Footnote_68_68" class="fnanchor">[68]</a> The French have one proverb on the sovereign -might of love,<a name="FNanchor_69_69" id="FNanchor_69_69"></a><a href="#Footnote_69_69" class="fnanchor">[69]</a> which they borrowed from the sublime -phrase in the Song of Solomon, "Love is stronger than -death;" and another expressed in the language of -their chivalric forefathers, "Love subdues all but the -ruffian's heart."<a name="FNanchor_70_70" id="FNanchor_70_70"></a><a href="#Footnote_70_70" class="fnanchor">[70]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Marry in haste and repent at leisure.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This proverb probably came to us from Italy;<a name="FNanchor_71_71" id="FNanchor_71_71"></a><a href="#Footnote_71_71" class="fnanchor">[71]</a> but, -alas! it happens too often in all countries that "Wedlock -rides in the saddle, and repentance on the croup" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_72_72" id="FNanchor_72_72"></a><a href="#Footnote_72_72" class="fnanchor">[72]</a> There is a joke in the Menagiana not unlike -this:—A person meeting another riding on horseback -with his wife behind him, applied to him the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_16" id="Page_16">[16]</a></span>words of Horace—"Post equitem sedet atra cura."<a name="FNanchor_73_73" id="FNanchor_73_73"></a><a href="#Footnote_73_73" class="fnanchor">[73]</a> -"Marriage is a desperate thing," quoth Selden. "The -frogs in Æsop were extremely wise; they had a great -mind to some water, but they would not leap into the -well because they could not get out again." Consider -well, then, what you are about before you put yourself -in a condition to hear it said,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>You have tied a knot with your tongue you cannot undo with -your teeth.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Some go so far as to say that "No one marries but -repents" (French).<a name="FNanchor_74_74" id="FNanchor_74_74"></a><a href="#Footnote_74_74" class="fnanchor">[74]</a> The Spaniards exclaim, in language -which reminds us of the custom of Dunmow, -"The bacon of paradise for the married man that has -not repented!"<a name="FNanchor_75_75" id="FNanchor_75_75"></a><a href="#Footnote_75_75" class="fnanchor">[75]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Better wed over the mixon than over the moor.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The mixon is the heap of manure in the farmyard. -The proverb means that it is better not to go far from -home in search of a wife—advice as old as the Greek -poet Hesiod, who has a line to this effect: "Marry, in -preference to all other women, one who dwells near -thee." But a more specific meaning has been assigned -to the English proverb by Fuller, and after him by -Ray and Disraeli. They explain it as being a maxim -peculiar to Cheshire, and intended to dissuade candidates -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_17" id="Page_17">[17]</a></span> -for matrimony from taking the road to London, -which lies over the moorland of Staffordshire. "This -local proverb," says Disraeli, "is a curious instance of -provincial pride, perhaps of wisdom, to induce the -gentry of that county to form intermarriages, to prolong -their own ancient families and perpetuate ancient -friendships between them." This is a mistake, for the -proverb is not peculiar to Cheshire, or to any part of -England. Scotland has it in this shape:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Better woo o'er midden nor o'er moss.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">And in Germany they give the same advice, and also -assign a reason for it, saying, "Marry over the mixon, -and you will know who and what she is."<a name="FNanchor_76_76" id="FNanchor_76_76"></a><a href="#Footnote_76_76" class="fnanchor">[76]</a> The same -principle is expressed in different forms in other languages, -<i>e.g.</i>, "Your wife and your nag get from a -neighbour" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_77_77" id="FNanchor_77_77"></a><a href="#Footnote_77_77" class="fnanchor">[77]</a> "He that goes far to marry -goes to be deceived or to deceive" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_78_78" id="FNanchor_78_78"></a><a href="#Footnote_78_78" class="fnanchor">[78]</a> The -politic Lord Burleigh seems to have regarded this -"going far to deceive" as a very proper thing to be -done for the advancement of a man's fortune. In his -"Advice to his Son" he says, "If thy estate be good, -match near home and at leisure; if weak, far off and -quickly." There is an ugly cunning in that word -<i>quickly</i>. Burleigh's advice is quite in the spirit of the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_18" id="Page_18">[18]</a></span>French fortune hunter's adage, "In marriage cheat -who can."<a name="FNanchor_79_79" id="FNanchor_79_79"></a><a href="#Footnote_79_79" class="fnanchor">[79]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that loseth his wife and sixpence hath lost a tester.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that loseth his wife and a farthing hath a great -loss of his farthing" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_80_80" id="FNanchor_80_80"></a><a href="#Footnote_80_80" class="fnanchor">[80]</a> In Italy also, and in -Portugal, it is said that "Grief for a dead wife lasts to -the door;"<a name="FNanchor_81_81" id="FNanchor_81_81"></a><a href="#Footnote_81_81" class="fnanchor">[81]</a> and even in Provence, the land of the -troubadours, they have a rhyme to this effect:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Two good days for a man in this life:</div> -<div class="i0">When he weds and when he buries his wife."<a name="FNanchor_82_82" id="FNanchor_82_82"></a><a href="#Footnote_82_82" class="fnanchor">[82]</a></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">Nor do the wives of Provence appear to be delighted -with their conjugal lot. Having lost their youthful -plumpness through the cares and toils of wedlock, they -oddly declare that "If a stockfish became a widow it -would fatten."<a name="FNanchor_83_83" id="FNanchor_83_83"></a><a href="#Footnote_83_83" class="fnanchor">[83]</a> A Spanish woman's opinion of matrimony -is thus expressed: "'Mother, what sort of a -thing is marriage?' 'Daughter, it is spinning, bearing -children, and weeping.'"<a name="FNanchor_84_84" id="FNanchor_84_84"></a><a href="#Footnote_84_84" class="fnanchor">[84]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_19" id="Page_19">[19]</a></span> - -<b>Better a tocher [dower] in her than wi' her.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>A man's best fortune or his worst is his wife.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"The day you marry you kill or cure yourself" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_85_85" id="FNanchor_85_85"></a><a href="#Footnote_85_85" class="fnanchor">[85]</a> "Use great prudence and circumspection," -says Lord Burleigh to his son, "in choosing thy wife, -for from thence will spring all thy future good or evil; -and it is an action of life like unto a stratagem of war, -wherein a man can err but once."</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>The gude or ill hap o' a gude or ill life</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>Is the gude or ill choice o' a gude or ill wife.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>There is a Spanish rhyme much to the same effect:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Him that has a good wife no evil in life that may not be borne, can befall.</div> -<div class="i0">Him that has a bad wife no good thing in life can chance to, that good you may call."<a name="FNanchor_86_86" id="FNanchor_86_86"></a><a href="#Footnote_86_86" class="fnanchor">[86]</a></div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Put your hand in the creel, and take out either an adder or an eel.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That's matrimony. "In buying horses and taking -a wife, shut your eyes and commend yourself to God" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_87_87" id="FNanchor_87_87"></a><a href="#Footnote_87_87" class="fnanchor">[87]</a> "Marriages are not as they are made, but -as they turn out" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_88_88" id="FNanchor_88_88"></a><a href="#Footnote_88_88" class="fnanchor">[88]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_20" id="Page_20">[20]</a></span> - -<b>There's but ae gude wife in the country, and ilka man thinks he's -got her.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is a pleasant delusion while it lasts, and it is not -incurable. Instances of complete recovery from it are -not rare.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man may woo where he will, but must wed where he's weird.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, where he is fated to wed. This is exactly -equivalent to the English saying,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Marriages are made in heaven</b>, -</p> -</blockquote> -<p class="noin">the meaning of which Dean Trench appears to me -to mistake, when he speaks with admiration of its -"religious depth and beauty." I cannot find in it a -shadow of religious sentiment. It simply implies that -it is not forethought, inclination, or mutual fitness that -has the largest share in bringing man and wife together. -More efficient than all these is the force of circumstances, -or what people vaguely call chance, fate, -fortune, and so forth. In the French version of the -adage, "Marriages are <i>written</i> in heaven,"<a name="FNanchor_89_89" id="FNanchor_89_89"></a><a href="#Footnote_89_89" class="fnanchor">[89]</a> we find the -special formula of Oriental fatalism; and fatalism is -everywhere the popular creed respecting marriage. -Hence, as Shakspeare says,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"The ancient saying is no heresy—</div> -<div class="i0">Hanging and wiving go by destiny."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"But now consider the old proverbs to be true y -saieth: that marriage is destinie."—<i>Hall's Chronicles.</i></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_21" id="Page_21">[21]</a></span> - -<b>If marriages be made in heaven some had few friends there.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>Ne'er seek a wife till ye hae a house and a fire burning.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>More belongs to a bed than four bare legs.</b></p> - -<p><b>Marriage is honourable, but housekeeping is a shrew.</b></p> - -<p><b>Sweetheart and honey-bird keeps no house.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"Marry, marry, and what about the housekeeping?" -(Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_90_90" id="FNanchor_90_90"></a><a href="#Footnote_90_90" class="fnanchor">[90]</a> "Remember," said a French lady to -her son, who was about to make an imprudent match, -"remember that in wedded life there is only one -thing which continues every day the same, and that is -the necessity of making the pot boil." "He that -marries for love has good nights and bad days" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_91_91" id="FNanchor_91_91"></a><a href="#Footnote_91_91" class="fnanchor">[91]</a> "Before you marry have where to tarry," -(Italian);<a name="FNanchor_92_92" id="FNanchor_92_92"></a><a href="#Footnote_92_92" class="fnanchor">[92]</a> and remember that</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A wee house has a wide throat.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It costs something to support a family, however -small; and "It is easier to build two hearths than -always to have a fire on one" (German).<a name="FNanchor_93_93" id="FNanchor_93_93"></a><a href="#Footnote_93_93" class="fnanchor">[93]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>'Tis hard to wive and thrive both in a year.</b></p> - -<p><b>Who weds ere he be wise shall die ere he thrive.</b></p> - -<p><b>Happy is the wooing that is not long a-doing.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>This is so far true as it discommends long engagements.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_22" id="Page_22">[22]</a></span> - -<b>'Tis time to yoke when the cart comes to the capples [i.e., horses].</b>—<i>Cheshire.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, it is time to marry when the woman wooes -the man. This provincial word "capple" is Irish -also, and is allied to, but not derived from, the -Latin <i>caballus</i>. It is probably one of the few -words of the ancient Celtic tongue of Britain which -were adopted into the language of the Saxon conquerors.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Husbands are in heaven whose wives chide not.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Whether or not that heaven is ever found on earth -is a question which each man must decide from his -own experience. "He that has a wife has strife,"<a name="FNanchor_94_94" id="FNanchor_94_94"></a><a href="#Footnote_94_94" class="fnanchor">[94]</a> -say the French, and the Italian proverb-mongers take -an unhandsome advantage of the fact that in their -language the words "wife" and "woes" differ only by -a letter.<a name="FNanchor_95_95" id="FNanchor_95_95"></a><a href="#Footnote_95_95" class="fnanchor">[95]</a> St. Jerome declares that "Whoever is free -from wrangling is a bachelor."<a name="FNanchor_96_96" id="FNanchor_96_96"></a><a href="#Footnote_96_96" class="fnanchor">[96]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A smoky chimney and a scolding wife are two bad companions.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The Scotch couple together "A leaky house and a -scolding wife," in which they follow Solomon: "A continual -dropping on a very rainy day and a contentious -woman are alike."<a name="FNanchor_97_97" id="FNanchor_97_97"></a><a href="#Footnote_97_97" class="fnanchor">[97]</a> "It is better to dwell in a corner -of the housetop than with a brawling woman in a wide -house."<a name="FNanchor_98_98" id="FNanchor_98_98"></a><a href="#Footnote_98_98" class="fnanchor">[98]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_23" id="Page_23">[23]</a></span> - -<b>A house wi' a reek and a wife wi' a reerd [scolding noise] will sune -mak a man run to the door.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Of the continental versions of this proverb the -Spanish<a name="FNanchor_99_99" id="FNanchor_99_99"></a><a href="#Footnote_99_99" class="fnanchor">[99]</a> seems to me the best, and next to it the -Dutch.<a name="FNanchor_100_100" id="FNanchor_100_100"></a><a href="#Footnote_100_100" class="fnanchor">[100]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It's a sair reek where the gude wife dings the gude man.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A man in my country," says James Kelly, "coming -out of his house with tears on his cheeks, was asked -the occasion. He said 'there was a sair reek in the -house;' but, upon further inquiry, it was found that -his wife had beaten him." "It is a sad house where -the hen crows and the cock is mute" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_101_101" id="FNanchor_101_101"></a><a href="#Footnote_101_101" class="fnanchor">[101]</a> -Though we have not this proverb in English, we have -its spirit embodied in one word, <span class="smcap">HENPECKED</span>, which is -peculiar to ourselves.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The grey mare is the better horse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The wife wears the breeches. "A hawk's marriage: -the hen is the better bird" (French).<a name="FNanchor_102_102" id="FNanchor_102_102"></a><a href="#Footnote_102_102" class="fnanchor">[102]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Marry above your match and you get a master.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"In the rich woman's house she commands always, -and he never" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_103_103" id="FNanchor_103_103"></a><a href="#Footnote_103_103" class="fnanchor">[103]</a> "Who takes a wife for her -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_24" id="Page_24">[24]</a></span>dower turns his back on freedom" (French).<a name="FNanchor_104_104" id="FNanchor_104_104"></a><a href="#Footnote_104_104" class="fnanchor">[104]</a> But -every married man is in this plight, for</p> - -<blockquote><p> -"He that has a wife has a master."<a name="FNanchor_105_105" id="FNanchor_105_105"></a><a href="#Footnote_105_105" class="fnanchor">[105]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"He that's not sensible of the truth of this proverb," -says James Kelly, "may blot it out or pass it over."</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"As the good man saith, so say we;</div> -<div class="i0">But as the good woman saith, so it must be."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Wedding and ill wintering tame both man and beast.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"You will marry and grow tame" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_106_106" id="FNanchor_106_106"></a><a href="#Footnote_106_106" class="fnanchor">[106]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that marries a widow and two daughters marries three stark thieves.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that marries a widow and two daughters has three back doors to his house.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">And "The back door is the one that robs the house" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_107_107" id="FNanchor_107_107"></a><a href="#Footnote_107_107" class="fnanchor">[107]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Never marry a widow unless her first husband was hanged.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Else the burden of an old Scotch song, "Ye'll never -be like mine auld gudeman," will be dinned in your -ears day and night.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that marries a widow will have a dead man's head cast in his dish.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Happy is the wife who is married to a motherless son.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Uno animo omnes socrus oderunt nurus," says -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_25" id="Page_25">[25]</a></span>Terence; and this is the common testimony of experience -in all ages and countries. "The husband's -mother is the wife's devil" (German, Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_108_108" id="FNanchor_108_108"></a><a href="#Footnote_108_108" class="fnanchor">[108]</a> "As -long as I was a daughter-in-law I never had a good -mother-in-law, and as long as I was a mother-in-law I -never had a good daughter-in-law" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_109_109" id="FNanchor_109_109"></a><a href="#Footnote_109_109" class="fnanchor">[109]</a> "The -mother-in-law forgets that she was a daughter-in-law" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_110_110" id="FNanchor_110_110"></a><a href="#Footnote_110_110" class="fnanchor">[110]</a> "She is well married who has neither -mother-in-law nor sister-in-law" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_111_111" id="FNanchor_111_111"></a><a href="#Footnote_111_111" class="fnanchor">[111]</a> Men, too, -do not always regard their wives' mothers with tender -affection, and some of the many bitter sayings against -mothers-in-law seem to be common to both sexes. Such -is this queer Ulster rhyme:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Of all the ould women that ever I saw,</div> -<div class="i0">Sweet bad luck to my mother in-law."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">Also these Low German:—"There is no good mother-in-law -but she that wears a green gown;"<a name="FNanchor_112_112" id="FNanchor_112_112"></a><a href="#Footnote_112_112" class="fnanchor">[112]</a> <i>i.e.</i>, that is -covered with the turf of the churchyard;—"The best -mother-in-law is she on whose gown the geese feed;"<a name="FNanchor_113_113" id="FNanchor_113_113"></a><a href="#Footnote_113_113" class="fnanchor">[113]</a> -and this Portuguese, "If my mother-in-law dies, I will -fetch somebody to flay her."<a name="FNanchor_114_114" id="FNanchor_114_114"></a><a href="#Footnote_114_114" class="fnanchor">[114]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_1_1" id="Footnote_1_1"></a><a href="#FNanchor_1_1"><span class="label">[1]</span></a> A gli uomini ogni peccato mortale è veniale, alle donne ogni -veniale è mortale.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_2_2" id="Footnote_2_2"></a><a href="#FNanchor_2_2"><span class="label">[2]</span></a> Se la donna fosse piccola come è buona, la minima foglia -la farebbe una veste e una corona.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_3_3" id="Footnote_3_3"></a><a href="#FNanchor_3_3"><span class="label">[3]</span></a> Jedes Weib will lieber schön als fromm sein.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_4_4" id="Footnote_4_4"></a><a href="#FNanchor_4_4"><span class="label">[4]</span></a> Es giebt nur zwei gute Weiber auf der Welt: die Eine ist -gestorben, die Andere nicht zu finden.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_5_5" id="Footnote_5_5"></a><a href="#FNanchor_5_5"><span class="label">[5]</span></a> Un homme de paille vaut une femme d'or.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_6_6" id="Footnote_6_6"></a><a href="#FNanchor_6_6"><span class="label">[6]</span></a> De la mala muger te guarda, y de la buena no fies nada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_7_7" id="Footnote_7_7"></a><a href="#FNanchor_7_7"><span class="label">[7]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Nux, asinus, mulier simili sunt lege ligata,</div> -<div class="i0">Hæc tria nil recte faciunt si verbera cessant.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_8_8" id="Footnote_8_8"></a><a href="#FNanchor_8_8"><span class="label">[8]</span></a> Donne, asini, e noci voglion le mani atroci.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_9_9" id="Footnote_9_9"></a><a href="#FNanchor_9_9"><span class="label">[9]</span></a> Prends le premier conseil d'une femme, et non le second.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_10_10" id="Footnote_10_10"></a><a href="#FNanchor_10_10"><span class="label">[10]</span></a> La donna savia è all' impensata, alla pensata è matta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_11_11" id="Footnote_11_11"></a><a href="#FNanchor_11_11"><span class="label">[11]</span></a> Sommersaat und Weiberrath geräth alle sieben Jahre -einmal.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_12_12" id="Footnote_12_12"></a><a href="#FNanchor_12_12"><span class="label">[12]</span></a> El consejo de la muger es poco, y quien no le toma es loco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_13_13" id="Footnote_13_13"></a><a href="#FNanchor_13_13"><span class="label">[13]</span></a> Femme rit quand elle peut, et pleure quand elle veut.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_14_14" id="Footnote_14_14"></a><a href="#FNanchor_14_14"><span class="label">[14]</span></a> Donna si lagna, donna si duole, donna s'ammala quando la -vuole.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_15_15" id="Footnote_15_15"></a><a href="#FNanchor_15_15"><span class="label">[15]</span></a> Lagrime di donna, fontana di malizia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_16_16" id="Footnote_16_16"></a><a href="#FNanchor_16_16"><span class="label">[16]</span></a> Weiber sind veränderlich wie Aprilwetter.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_17_17" id="Footnote_17_17"></a><a href="#FNanchor_17_17"><span class="label">[17]</span></a> Muger, viento, y ventura presto se muda.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_18_18" id="Footnote_18_18"></a><a href="#FNanchor_18_18"><span class="label">[18]</span></a> Tre oche e tre donne fann' un mercato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_19_19" id="Footnote_19_19"></a><a href="#FNanchor_19_19"><span class="label">[19]</span></a> Les femmes sont faites de langue, comme les renards de -queue.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_20_20" id="Footnote_20_20"></a><a href="#FNanchor_20_20"><span class="label">[20]</span></a> Alle Quinder ere gode Lutherske, de predike heller end de -höre Messe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_21_21" id="Footnote_21_21"></a><a href="#FNanchor_21_21"><span class="label">[21]</span></a> Ce que femme veut, Dieu le veut.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_22_22" id="Footnote_22_22"></a><a href="#FNanchor_22_22"><span class="label">[22]</span></a> Se la donna vuol, tutto la puol.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_23_23" id="Footnote_23_23"></a><a href="#FNanchor_23_23"><span class="label">[23]</span></a> Le donne sanno un punto più del diavolo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_24_24" id="Footnote_24_24"></a><a href="#FNanchor_24_24"><span class="label">[24]</span></a> Ein Sack voll Flöhe ist leichter zu hüten wie ein Weib.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_25_25" id="Footnote_25_25"></a><a href="#FNanchor_25_25"><span class="label">[25]</span></a> A la muger y a la picaza loque dirias en la plaza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_26_26" id="Footnote_26_26"></a><a href="#FNanchor_26_26"><span class="label">[26]</span></a> Ein Frauenhaar zieht mehr als ein Glockenseil.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_27_27" id="Footnote_27_27"></a><a href="#FNanchor_27_27"><span class="label">[27]</span></a> Chi nasce belle, nasce maritata.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_28_28" id="Footnote_28_28"></a><a href="#FNanchor_28_28"><span class="label">[28]</span></a> Si quieres hembra, escoge la el sabado, y no el domingo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_29_29" id="Footnote_29_29"></a><a href="#FNanchor_29_29"><span class="label">[29]</span></a> Compuesta no hay muger fea.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_30_30" id="Footnote_30_30"></a><a href="#FNanchor_30_30"><span class="label">[30]</span></a> Baza compuesta la blanca denuesta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_31_31" id="Footnote_31_31"></a><a href="#FNanchor_31_31"><span class="label">[31]</span></a> Belle hôtesse, c'est un mal pour la bourse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_32_32" id="Footnote_32_32"></a><a href="#FNanchor_32_32"><span class="label">[32]</span></a> Ist die Wirthin schön, ist auch der Wein schön.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_33_33" id="Footnote_33_33"></a><a href="#FNanchor_33_33"><span class="label">[33]</span></a> Nocte latent mendæ.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_34_34" id="Footnote_34_34"></a><a href="#FNanchor_34_34"><span class="label">[34]</span></a> Λυχνοῦ ἀρθέντωϛ πᾶσα γυνὴ ἡ αὐτὴ.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_35_35" id="Footnote_35_35"></a><a href="#FNanchor_35_35"><span class="label">[35]</span></a> Ne gioia, ne donna, ne tela al lume de candela.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_36_36" id="Footnote_36_36"></a><a href="#FNanchor_36_36"><span class="label">[36]</span></a> À la chandelle la chèvre semble demoiselle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_37_37" id="Footnote_37_37"></a><a href="#FNanchor_37_37"><span class="label">[37]</span></a> Niemands lief is lelijk.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_38_38" id="Footnote_38_38"></a><a href="#FNanchor_38_38"><span class="label">[38]</span></a> Il n'est point de belles prisons ni de laides amours.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_39_39" id="Footnote_39_39"></a><a href="#FNanchor_39_39"><span class="label">[39]</span></a> Non è bello quel che è bello, ma quel che piace.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_40_40" id="Footnote_40_40"></a><a href="#FNanchor_40_40"><span class="label">[40]</span></a> Wessen Huldin schielt, der sagt sie liebaugele.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_41_41" id="Footnote_41_41"></a><a href="#FNanchor_41_41"><span class="label">[41]</span></a> "Roth ist die Farbe der Liebe," sagte der Buhler zu -seinem fuchs farbenen Schatz.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_42_42" id="Footnote_42_42"></a><a href="#FNanchor_42_42"><span class="label">[42]</span></a> Piensan los enamorados que tienen los otros los ojos -quebrados.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_43_43" id="Footnote_43_43"></a><a href="#FNanchor_43_43"><span class="label">[43]</span></a> El hombre es el fuego, la muger la estopa; viene el diablo -y sopla.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_44_44" id="Footnote_44_44"></a><a href="#FNanchor_44_44"><span class="label">[44]</span></a> Bella donna e veste tagliazzata sempre s'imbatte in qualche -uncino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_45_45" id="Footnote_45_45"></a><a href="#FNanchor_45_45"><span class="label">[45]</span></a> Belle fille et méchante robe trouvent toujours qui les -accroche.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_46_46" id="Footnote_46_46"></a><a href="#FNanchor_46_46"><span class="label">[46]</span></a> Qui non zelat non amat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_47_47" id="Footnote_47_47"></a><a href="#FNanchor_47_47"><span class="label">[47]</span></a> Amour chasse jalousie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_48_48" id="Footnote_48_48"></a><a href="#FNanchor_48_48"><span class="label">[48]</span></a> Amor vuol fede, e fede vuol fermezza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_49_49" id="Footnote_49_49"></a><a href="#FNanchor_49_49"><span class="label">[49]</span></a> Amor dà per mercede gelosia e rotta fede.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_50_50" id="Footnote_50_50"></a><a href="#FNanchor_50_50"><span class="label">[50]</span></a> Meglio è aver il marito senza amore che con gelosia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_51_51" id="Footnote_51_51"></a><a href="#FNanchor_51_51"><span class="label">[51]</span></a> Amar y saber, no puede ser.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_52_52" id="Footnote_52_52"></a><a href="#FNanchor_52_52"><span class="label">[52]</span></a> Aimer et savoir n'ont même manoir. [For this last word -some modern collections substitute <i>manière</i>, which makes -nonsense.]</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_53_53" id="Footnote_53_53"></a><a href="#FNanchor_53_53"><span class="label">[53]</span></a> Sine Cerere et Baccho friget Venus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_54_54" id="Footnote_54_54"></a><a href="#FNanchor_54_54"><span class="label">[54]</span></a> Sans pain, sans vin, amour n'est rien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_55_55" id="Footnote_55_55"></a><a href="#FNanchor_55_55"><span class="label">[55]</span></a> On revient toujours à ses premières amours.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_56_56" id="Footnote_56_56"></a><a href="#FNanchor_56_56"><span class="label">[56]</span></a> Amor vero non diventa mai canuto.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_57_57" id="Footnote_57_57"></a><a href="#FNanchor_57_57"><span class="label">[57]</span></a> Amour, toux, et fumée en secret ne font demeurée.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_58_58" id="Footnote_58_58"></a><a href="#FNanchor_58_58"><span class="label">[58]</span></a> Armod og Kiærlighed ere onde at dolge.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_59_59" id="Footnote_59_59"></a><a href="#FNanchor_59_59"><span class="label">[59]</span></a> Liebe und Singen lässt sich nicht zwingen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_60_60" id="Footnote_60_60"></a><a href="#FNanchor_60_60"><span class="label">[60]</span></a> Chi vuol esser amato, convien ch'il ami.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_61_61" id="Footnote_61_61"></a><a href="#FNanchor_61_61"><span class="label">[61]</span></a> Amor è il vero prezio, per che si compra amor.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_62_62" id="Footnote_62_62"></a><a href="#FNanchor_62_62"><span class="label">[62]</span></a> Amor non conosce misura.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_63_63" id="Footnote_63_63"></a><a href="#FNanchor_63_63"><span class="label">[63]</span></a> Scalda più amore che mills fuochi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_64_64" id="Footnote_64_64"></a><a href="#FNanchor_64_64"><span class="label">[64]</span></a> Chi ha l'amor nel petto, ha lo sprone a' franchi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_65_65" id="Footnote_65_65"></a><a href="#FNanchor_65_65"><span class="label">[65]</span></a> Amor regge senza legge.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_66_66" id="Footnote_66_66"></a><a href="#FNanchor_66_66"><span class="label">[66]</span></a> Amor regge il suo regno senza spada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_67_67" id="Footnote_67_67"></a><a href="#FNanchor_67_67"><span class="label">[67]</span></a> Amor non conosce travaglio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_68_68" id="Footnote_68_68"></a><a href="#FNanchor_68_68"><span class="label">[68]</span></a> Di tutte le arti maestro è amore.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_69_69" id="Footnote_69_69"></a><a href="#FNanchor_69_69"><span class="label">[69]</span></a> Amour et mort, rien n'est plus fort.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_70_70" id="Footnote_70_70"></a><a href="#FNanchor_70_70"><span class="label">[70]</span></a> Amour soumet tout hormis cœur de félon.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_71_71" id="Footnote_71_71"></a><a href="#FNanchor_71_71"><span class="label">[71]</span></a> Chi si marita in fretta, stenta adagio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_72_72" id="Footnote_72_72"></a><a href="#FNanchor_72_72"><span class="label">[72]</span></a> Fiançailles vont en selle, et repentailles en croupe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_73_73" id="Footnote_73_73"></a><a href="#FNanchor_73_73"><span class="label">[73]</span></a> Black care sits behind the horseman.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_74_74" id="Footnote_74_74"></a><a href="#FNanchor_74_74"><span class="label">[74]</span></a> Nul ne se marie qui ne s'en repente.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_75_75" id="Footnote_75_75"></a><a href="#FNanchor_75_75"><span class="label">[75]</span></a> El tocino de paraiso para el casado no arrepiso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_76_76" id="Footnote_76_76"></a><a href="#FNanchor_76_76"><span class="label">[76]</span></a> Heirathe über den Mist, so weisst du wer sie ist.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_77_77" id="Footnote_77_77"></a><a href="#FNanchor_77_77"><span class="label">[77]</span></a> La moglie e il ronzino piglia dal vicino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_78_78" id="Footnote_78_78"></a><a href="#FNanchor_78_78"><span class="label">[78]</span></a> Quien lejos se va á casar, o va engañado, o va á engañar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_79_79" id="Footnote_79_79"></a><a href="#FNanchor_79_79"><span class="label">[79]</span></a> En mariage trompe qui peut.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_80_80" id="Footnote_80_80"></a><a href="#FNanchor_80_80"><span class="label">[80]</span></a> Chi perde la moglie e un quattrino, ha gran perdita del -quattrino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_81_81" id="Footnote_81_81"></a><a href="#FNanchor_81_81"><span class="label">[81]</span></a> Doglia di moglie morta dura fino alla porta. Dôr de -mulher morta, dura até a porta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_82_82" id="Footnote_82_82"></a><a href="#FNanchor_82_82"><span class="label">[82]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Dous bouns jours à l'home sur terro:</div> -<div class="i0">Quand pren mouilho, e quand l'enterro.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_83_83" id="Footnote_83_83"></a><a href="#FNanchor_83_83"><span class="label">[83]</span></a> Se uno marlusse venie veouso, serie grasso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_84_84" id="Footnote_84_84"></a><a href="#FNanchor_84_84"><span class="label">[84]</span></a> Madre, que cosa es casar? Hija, hilar, parir y llorar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_85_85" id="Footnote_85_85"></a><a href="#FNanchor_85_85"><span class="label">[85]</span></a> El dia que te casas, o te matas o te sanas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_86_86" id="Footnote_86_86"></a><a href="#FNanchor_86_86"><span class="label">[86]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">A quien tiene buena muger, ningun mal le puede venir, que no sea de sufrir.</div> -<div class="i0">A quien tiene mala muger, ningun bien le puede venir, que bien se puede decir.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_87_87" id="Footnote_87_87"></a><a href="#FNanchor_87_87"><span class="label">[87]</span></a> Comprar cavalli e tor moglie, serra gli occhi e raccomandati -a Dio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_88_88" id="Footnote_88_88"></a><a href="#FNanchor_88_88"><span class="label">[88]</span></a> I matrimoni sono, non come si fanno, ma come riescono.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_89_89" id="Footnote_89_89"></a><a href="#FNanchor_89_89"><span class="label">[89]</span></a> Les mariages sont écrits dans le ciel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_90_90" id="Footnote_90_90"></a><a href="#FNanchor_90_90"><span class="label">[90]</span></a> Casar, casar, e que do governo?</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_91_91" id="Footnote_91_91"></a><a href="#FNanchor_91_91"><span class="label">[91]</span></a> Qui se marie par amours, a bonnes nuits et mauvais jours.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_92_92" id="Footnote_92_92"></a><a href="#FNanchor_92_92"><span class="label">[92]</span></a> Innanzi al maritare, habbi l'habitare.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_93_93" id="Footnote_93_93"></a><a href="#FNanchor_93_93"><span class="label">[93]</span></a> Es ist leichter zwei Herde bauen, als auf einem immer -Feuer haben.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_94_94" id="Footnote_94_94"></a><a href="#FNanchor_94_94"><span class="label">[94]</span></a> Qui femme a, noise a.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_95_95" id="Footnote_95_95"></a><a href="#FNanchor_95_95"><span class="label">[95]</span></a> Chi ha moglie, ha doglie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_96_96" id="Footnote_96_96"></a><a href="#FNanchor_96_96"><span class="label">[96]</span></a> Qui non litigat cœlebs est.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_97_97" id="Footnote_97_97"></a><a href="#FNanchor_97_97"><span class="label">[97]</span></a> Prov. xxvii. 15.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_98_98" id="Footnote_98_98"></a><a href="#FNanchor_98_98"><span class="label">[98]</span></a> Prov. xxi. 19.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_99_99" id="Footnote_99_99"></a><a href="#FNanchor_99_99"><span class="label">[99]</span></a> Humo y gotera, y la muger parlera, echan el hombre de su -casa fuera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_100_100" id="Footnote_100_100"></a><a href="#FNanchor_100_100"><span class="label">[100]</span></a> Rook, stank, en kwaade wijven zijn die de mans uit de -huizen drijven.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_101_101" id="Footnote_101_101"></a><a href="#FNanchor_101_101"><span class="label">[101]</span></a> Triste es la casa donde la gallina canta y el gallo calla.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_102_102" id="Footnote_102_102"></a><a href="#FNanchor_102_102"><span class="label">[102]</span></a> Mariage d'épervier: la femelle vaut mieux que le mâle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_103_103" id="Footnote_103_103"></a><a href="#FNanchor_103_103"><span class="label">[103]</span></a> En la casa de muger rica, ella manda siempre, y el nunca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_104_104" id="Footnote_104_104"></a><a href="#FNanchor_104_104"><span class="label">[104]</span></a> Qui prend une femme pour sa dot a la liberté tourne le dos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_105_105" id="Footnote_105_105"></a><a href="#FNanchor_105_105"><span class="label">[105]</span></a> In French, Qui prend femme, prend maître.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_106_106" id="Footnote_106_106"></a><a href="#FNanchor_106_106"><span class="label">[106]</span></a> Casaras y amansaras.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_107_107" id="Footnote_107_107"></a><a href="#FNanchor_107_107"><span class="label">[107]</span></a> La porta di dietro è quella che ruba la casa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_108_108" id="Footnote_108_108"></a><a href="#FNanchor_108_108"><span class="label">[108]</span></a> Des Mannes Mutter ist der Frau Teufel. Een mans moer -is de duivel op den vloer.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_109_109" id="Footnote_109_109"></a><a href="#FNanchor_109_109"><span class="label">[109]</span></a> En quanto fue nuera, nunca tuve buena suegra, y en quanto -fue suegra, nunca tuve buena nuera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_110_110" id="Footnote_110_110"></a><a href="#FNanchor_110_110"><span class="label">[110]</span></a> No se acuerda la suegra que fue nuera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_111_111" id="Footnote_111_111"></a><a href="#FNanchor_111_111"><span class="label">[111]</span></a> Aquella es bien casada, que no tiene suegra ni cuñada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_112_112" id="Footnote_112_112"></a><a href="#FNanchor_112_112"><span class="label">[112]</span></a> Es ist keine gut Swigar, danne die einen grünen Rok -an hat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_113_113" id="Footnote_113_113"></a><a href="#FNanchor_113_113"><span class="label">[113]</span></a> Die beste Swigar ist die auf deren Rok die Gänse waiden.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_114_114" id="Footnote_114_114"></a><a href="#FNanchor_114_114"><span class="label">[114]</span></a> Se minha sogra more, buscare quem a estolle.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_26" id="Page_26">[26]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PARENTS AND CHILDREN.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Children are certain cares, but uncertain comforts.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Little children and headaches—great children and -heartaches" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_115_115" id="FNanchor_115_115"></a><a href="#Footnote_115_115" class="fnanchor">[115]</a> Nevertheless, "He knows not -what love is that has not children" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_116_116" id="FNanchor_116_116"></a><a href="#Footnote_116_116" class="fnanchor">[116]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is a wise child that knows his own father.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Happily, as a French sage remarks, "One is always -somebody's child, and that is a comfort."<a name="FNanchor_117_117" id="FNanchor_117_117"></a><a href="#Footnote_117_117" class="fnanchor">[117]</a> "The -child names the father; the mother knows him" -(Livonian).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The mother knows best if the child be like the father.</b></p> - -<p><b>The mither's breath is aye sweet.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This proverb, which belongs exclusively to Scotland, -appears to me even more "exquisitely graceful and -tender" than that German and French proverb so -justly admired by Dean Trench, "Mother's truth keeps -constant youth."<a name="FNanchor_118_118" id="FNanchor_118_118"></a><a href="#Footnote_118_118" class="fnanchor">[118]</a> "There is no mother like the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_27" id="Page_27">[27]</a></span>mother that bore us" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_119_119" id="FNanchor_119_119"></a><a href="#Footnote_119_119" class="fnanchor">[119]</a> "The child that -gets a stepmother gets a stepfather also" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_120_120" id="FNanchor_120_120"></a><a href="#Footnote_120_120" class="fnanchor">[120]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The crow thinks her own bird the fairest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Every mother's child is handsome" (German).<a name="FNanchor_121_121" id="FNanchor_121_121"></a><a href="#Footnote_121_121" class="fnanchor">[121]</a> -"No ape but swears he has the finest children" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_122_122" id="FNanchor_122_122"></a><a href="#Footnote_122_122" class="fnanchor">[122]</a> "If our child squints, our neighbour's -child has a cast in both eyes" (Livonian).</p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>As the old cock crows so crows the young</b>; <i>or</i>,</div> -<div><b>As the old cock crows the young cock learns</b>.</div> - -<p><b>If the mare have a bald face the filly will have a blaze.</b></p> - -<p><b>Trot feyther, trot mither, how can foal amble?</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Children generally follow the example of their -parents, but imitate their faults more surely than -their virtues. Thus,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A light-heeled mother makes a heavy-heeled daughter.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Unless the mother transfers a part of her household -cares to the daughter, the latter will grow up in sloth -and ignorance of good housewifery. "A tender-hearted -mother rears a scabby daughter" (French, Italian).<a name="FNanchor_123_123" id="FNanchor_123_123"></a><a href="#Footnote_123_123" class="fnanchor">[123]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A child may have too much of its mother's blessing.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Her foolish fondness may spoil it.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_28" id="Page_28">[28]</a></span> - -<b>The worst store is a maid unbestowed.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A house full of daughters is a cellar full of sour -beer" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_124_124" id="FNanchor_124_124"></a><a href="#Footnote_124_124" class="fnanchor">[124]</a> Chaucer says,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"He that hath more smocks than shirts in a bucking</div> -<div class="i0">Had need be a man of good forelooking."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"Marry your son when you will, and your daughter -when you can" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_125_125" id="FNanchor_125_125"></a><a href="#Footnote_125_125" class="fnanchor">[125]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>My son is my son till he's got him a wife;</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>My daughter's my daughter all the days of her life.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>This is a woman's calculation. She knows that a -son-in-law will submit to her sway more tamely than a -daughter-in-law.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Little pitchers have long ears.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"What the child hears at the fire is soon known at -the minster" (French).<a name="FNanchor_126_126" id="FNanchor_126_126"></a><a href="#Footnote_126_126" class="fnanchor">[126]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Children and fools tell truth.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">And tell it when it were better left untold. "These -terrible children!" (French.)<a name="FNanchor_127_127" id="FNanchor_127_127"></a><a href="#Footnote_127_127" class="fnanchor">[127]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Children and fools have merry lives.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>They quickly forget past sorrows, and are careless of -the future.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Children suck the mother when they are young, and the father when -they are old.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_115_115" id="Footnote_115_115"></a><a href="#FNanchor_115_115"><span class="label">[115]</span></a> Fanciulli piccioli, dolor di testa; fanciulli grandi, dolor di -cuore.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_116_116" id="Footnote_116_116"></a><a href="#FNanchor_116_116"><span class="label">[116]</span></a> Chi non ha figliuoli non sa che cosa sia amore.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_117_117" id="Footnote_117_117"></a><a href="#FNanchor_117_117"><span class="label">[117]</span></a> On est toujours le fils de quelqu'un; cela console.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_118_118" id="Footnote_118_118"></a><a href="#FNanchor_118_118"><span class="label">[118]</span></a> Muttertreu wird täglich neu. Tendresse maternelle toujours -se renouvelle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_119_119" id="Footnote_119_119"></a><a href="#FNanchor_119_119"><span class="label">[119]</span></a> No hay tal madre como la que pare.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_120_120" id="Footnote_120_120"></a><a href="#FNanchor_120_120"><span class="label">[120]</span></a> Det Barn der faaer Stivmoder, faaer ogsaa Stifvader.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_121_121" id="Footnote_121_121"></a><a href="#FNanchor_121_121"><span class="label">[121]</span></a> Jeder Mutter Kind ist schön.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_122_122" id="Footnote_122_122"></a><a href="#FNanchor_122_122"><span class="label">[122]</span></a> Kein Aff', er schwört, er habe die schönsten Kinder.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_123_123" id="Footnote_123_123"></a><a href="#FNanchor_123_123"><span class="label">[123]</span></a> Mère piteuse fait sa fille rogneuse. La madre pietosa fa la -figliuola tignosa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_124_124" id="Footnote_124_124"></a><a href="#FNanchor_124_124"><span class="label">[124]</span></a> Een huis vol dochters is een kelder vol zuur bier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_125_125" id="Footnote_125_125"></a><a href="#FNanchor_125_125"><span class="label">[125]</span></a> Casa el hijo quando quisieres, y la hija quando pudieres.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_126_126" id="Footnote_126_126"></a><a href="#FNanchor_126_126"><span class="label">[126]</span></a> Ce que l'enfant oit au foyer, est bientost connu jusqu'au -monstier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_127_127" id="Footnote_127_127"></a><a href="#FNanchor_127_127"><span class="label">[127]</span></a> Ces enfants terribles!</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_29" id="Page_29">[29]</a></span></p> - -<h2>YOUTH AND AGE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>A ragged colt may make a good horse.</b><a name="FNanchor_128_128" id="FNanchor_128_128"></a><a href="#Footnote_128_128" class="fnanchor">[128]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An untoward boy may grow up into a proper man. -This may be understood either in a physical or a moral -sense. "There is no colt but breaks some halter" -(Italian),<a name="FNanchor_129_129" id="FNanchor_129_129"></a><a href="#Footnote_129_129" class="fnanchor">[129]</a> otherwise it is good for nothing (French).<a name="FNanchor_130_130" id="FNanchor_130_130"></a><a href="#Footnote_130_130" class="fnanchor">[130]</a> -"Youth comes back from far" (French).<a name="FNanchor_131_131" id="FNanchor_131_131"></a><a href="#Footnote_131_131" class="fnanchor">[131]</a> Do not -despair of it as lost, though it runs a mad gallop; -something of the sort is to be expected of all but those -preternaturally sedate youths who are born, as the -author of "Eothen" says, with a Chifney bit in their -mouths from their mother's womb.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man at five may be a fool at fifteen.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>In the days when cock-fighting was a fashionable -pastime, game chickens that crowed too soon or too -often were condemned to the spit as of no promise or -ability. "A lad," says Archbishop Whateley, "who -has to a degree that excites wonder and admiration the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_30" id="Page_30">[30]</a></span>character and demeanour of an intelligent man of -mature years, will probably be that and nothing more -all his life, and will cease accordingly to be anything -remarkable, because it was the precocity alone that ever -made him so. It is remarked by greyhound fanciers -that a well-formed, compact-shaped puppy never makes -a fleet dog. They see more promise in the loose-jointed, -awkward, and clumsy ones. And even so there is a -kind of crudity and unsettledness in the minds of those -young persons who turn out ultimately the most -eminent."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Soon ripe soon rotten.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Late fruit keeps well" (German).<a name="FNanchor_132_132" id="FNanchor_132_132"></a><a href="#Footnote_132_132" class="fnanchor">[132]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is better to knit than to blossom.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Orchard trees may blossom fairly, yet bear no fruit.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It early pricks that will be a thorn.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some indications of future character may be seen -even in infancy. The child is father of the man.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Soon crooks the tree that good gambrel will be.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A gambrel (from the Italian <i>gamba</i>, a leg) is a crooked -piece of wood, on which butchers hang the carcasses of -beasts by the legs.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>As the twig is bent the tree's inclined.</b></p> - -<p><b>Best to bend while it is a twig.</b></p> - -<p><b>It is not easy to straighten in the oak the crook that grew in the sapling.</b>—<i>Gaelic.</i> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_31" id="Page_31">[31]</a></span> -"What the colt learns in youth he continues in old -age" (French).<a name="FNanchor_133_133" id="FNanchor_133_133"></a><a href="#Footnote_133_133" class="fnanchor">[133]</a> "What youth learns, age does not -forget" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_134_134" id="FNanchor_134_134"></a><a href="#Footnote_134_134" class="fnanchor">[134]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Reckless youth maks ruefu' eild.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"If youth knew! if age could!" (French).<a name="FNanchor_135_135" id="FNanchor_135_135"></a><a href="#Footnote_135_135" class="fnanchor">[135]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_128_128" id="Footnote_128_128"></a><a href="#FNanchor_128_128"><span class="label">[128]</span></a> Spanish: De potro sarnoso buen caballo hermoso. German: -Ans klattrigen Fohlen werden die schönsten Hengste.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_129_129" id="Footnote_129_129"></a><a href="#FNanchor_129_129"><span class="label">[129]</span></a> Non c'è polledro che non rompa qualche cavezza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_130_130" id="Footnote_130_130"></a><a href="#FNanchor_130_130"><span class="label">[130]</span></a> Rien ne vaut poulain s'il ne rompt son lien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_131_131" id="Footnote_131_131"></a><a href="#FNanchor_131_131"><span class="label">[131]</span></a> Jeunesse revient de loin.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_132_132" id="Footnote_132_132"></a><a href="#FNanchor_132_132"><span class="label">[132]</span></a> Spät Obst liegt lange.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_133_133" id="Footnote_133_133"></a><a href="#FNanchor_133_133"><span class="label">[133]</span></a> Ce que poulain prend en jeunesse, il le continue en -vieillesse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_134_134" id="Footnote_134_134"></a><a href="#FNanchor_134_134"><span class="label">[134]</span></a> Det Ung nemmer, Gammel ei glemmer.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_135_135" id="Footnote_135_135"></a><a href="#FNanchor_135_135"><span class="label">[135]</span></a> Si jeunesse savait! si vieillesse pouvait!</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_32" id="Page_32">[32]</a></span></p> - -<h2>NATURAL CHARACTER.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>What's bred in the bone will never be out of the flesh.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>What is innate is not to be eradicated by force of -education or self-discipline: these may modify the -outward manifestations of a man's nature, but not -transmute that nature itself. What belongs to it -"lasts to the grave" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_136_136" id="FNanchor_136_136"></a><a href="#Footnote_136_136" class="fnanchor">[136]</a> The ancients had -several proverbs to the same purpose, such as this one, -which is found in Aristophanes—"You will never make -a crab walk straight forwards"—and this Latin one, -which is repeated in several modern languages: "The -wolf changes his coat, but not his disposition;"<a name="FNanchor_137_137" id="FNanchor_137_137"></a><a href="#Footnote_137_137" class="fnanchor">[137]</a>—he -turns grey with age. The Spaniards say he "loses his -teeth, but not his inclinations."<a name="FNanchor_138_138" id="FNanchor_138_138"></a><a href="#Footnote_138_138" class="fnanchor">[138]</a> "What is sucked -in with the mother's milk runs out in the shroud" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_139_139" id="FNanchor_139_139"></a><a href="#Footnote_139_139" class="fnanchor">[139]</a> Horace's well-known line,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -"Naturam expellas furca tamen usque recurret"— -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Though you cast out nature with a fork, it will still -return"—has very much the air of a proverb versified. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_33" id="Page_33">[33]</a></span>The same thought is better expressed in a French line -which has acquired proverbial currency:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -"Chassez le naturel, il revient au galop." -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Drive away nature, and back it comes at a gallop." -This line is very commonly attributed to Boileau, but -erroneously. The author of it is Chaulieu (?). The -Orientals ascribe to Mahomet the saying, "Believe, if -thou wilt, that mountains change their places, but -believe not that men change their dispositions."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Cat after kind.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"What is born of a hen will scrape" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_140_140" id="FNanchor_140_140"></a><a href="#Footnote_140_140" class="fnanchor">[140]</a> -"What is born of a cat will catch mice" (French, -Italian).<a name="FNanchor_141_141" id="FNanchor_141_141"></a><a href="#Footnote_141_141" class="fnanchor">[141]</a> This proverb is taken from the fable of a cat -transformed into a woman, who scandalised her friends -by jumping from her seat to catch a mouse. "A good -hound hunts by kind" (French).<a name="FNanchor_142_142" id="FNanchor_142_142"></a><a href="#Footnote_142_142" class="fnanchor">[142]</a> "It is kind father to -him," as the Scotch say. "Good blood cannot lie" -(French);<a name="FNanchor_143_143" id="FNanchor_143_143"></a><a href="#Footnote_143_143" class="fnanchor">[143]</a> its generous instincts are sure to display -themselves on fit occasions. On the other hand, "The -son of an ass brays twice a day."<a name="FNanchor_144_144" id="FNanchor_144_144"></a><a href="#Footnote_144_144" class="fnanchor">[144]</a> We need not say -what people that stroke of grave humour belongs to.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_34" id="Page_34">[34]</a></span> - -<b>Drive a cow to the ha' and she'll run to the byre.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>She will be more at home there than in the -drawing-room. "A sow prefers bran to roses" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_145_145" id="FNanchor_145_145"></a><a href="#Footnote_145_145" class="fnanchor">[145]</a> "Set a frog on a golden stool, and off it -hops again into the pool" (German).<a name="FNanchor_146_146" id="FNanchor_146_146"></a><a href="#Footnote_146_146" class="fnanchor">[146]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>There's no making a silk purse of a sow's ear</b>; -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">or, "A good arrow of a pig's tail" (Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_147_147" id="FNanchor_147_147"></a><a href="#Footnote_147_147" class="fnanchor">[147]</a> or, "A -sieve of an ass's tail" (Greek).</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>A carrion kite will never make a good hawk.</b><a name="FNanchor_148_148" id="FNanchor_148_148"></a><a href="#Footnote_148_148" class="fnanchor">[148]</a> -</p> -<p><b>An inch o' a nag is worth a span o' an aver.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>A kindly aver will never make a good nag.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An aver is a cart horse.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>One leg of a lark is worth the whole body of a kite.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A piece of a kid is worth two of a cat.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Bray a fool in a mortar, he'll be never the wiser.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"To wash an ass's head is loss of suds" (French).<a name="FNanchor_149_149" id="FNanchor_149_149"></a><a href="#Footnote_149_149" class="fnanchor">[149]</a> -"The malady that is incurable is folly" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_150_150" id="FNanchor_150_150"></a><a href="#Footnote_150_150" class="fnanchor">[150]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>There's no washing a blackamoor white.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Wash a dog, comb a dog, still a dog is but a dog" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_151_151" id="FNanchor_151_151"></a><a href="#Footnote_151_151" class="fnanchor">[151]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_35" id="Page_35">[35]</a></span> - -<b>A hog in armour is still but a hog.</b> -</p> - -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>An ape is an ape, a varlet's a varlet,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>Though he be clad in silk and scarlet.</b></div></div></div> - -<p> -<b>There's no getting white flour out of a coal-sack.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Whatever the bee sucks turns to honey, and whatever -the wasp sucks turns to venom" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_152_152" id="FNanchor_152_152"></a><a href="#Footnote_152_152" class="fnanchor">[152]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Eagles catch no flies.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Literally translated from a Latin adage<a name="FNanchor_153_153" id="FNanchor_153_153"></a><a href="#Footnote_153_153" class="fnanchor">[153]</a> much used -by Queen Christina, of Sweden, who affected a superb -disdain for petty details. The Romans had another -proverbial expression for the same idea:—"The prætor -takes no heed of very small matters,"<a name="FNanchor_154_154" id="FNanchor_154_154"></a><a href="#Footnote_154_154" class="fnanchor">[154]</a> for his was a -superior court, and did not try cases of minor importance. -Our modern lawyers have retained the -classical adage, only substituting the word "law" for -"prætor." They say, "De minimis non curat lex," -which might, perhaps, be freely translated, "Lawyers -don't stick at trifles."</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_136_136" id="Footnote_136_136"></a><a href="#FNanchor_136_136"><span class="label">[136]</span></a> Chi l'ha per natura, fin alla fossa dura.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_137_137" id="Footnote_137_137"></a><a href="#FNanchor_137_137"><span class="label">[137]</span></a> Lupus pilum mutat non mentem.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_138_138" id="Footnote_138_138"></a><a href="#FNanchor_138_138"><span class="label">[138]</span></a> El lobo pierde los dientes, mas no los mientes.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_139_139" id="Footnote_139_139"></a><a href="#FNanchor_139_139"><span class="label">[139]</span></a> Lo que en la leche se mama, en la mortaja so derrama.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_140_140" id="Footnote_140_140"></a><a href="#FNanchor_140_140"><span class="label">[140]</span></a> Chi nasce di gallina, convien che rozzuola.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_141_141" id="Footnote_141_141"></a><a href="#FNanchor_141_141"><span class="label">[141]</span></a> Chi naquit chat, court après les souris. Chi nasce di gatta -sorice piglia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_142_142" id="Footnote_142_142"></a><a href="#FNanchor_142_142"><span class="label">[142]</span></a> Bon chien chasse de race.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_143_143" id="Footnote_143_143"></a><a href="#FNanchor_143_143"><span class="label">[143]</span></a> Bon sang ne peut mentir.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_144_144" id="Footnote_144_144"></a><a href="#FNanchor_144_144"><span class="label">[144]</span></a> El hijo del asino dos veces rozna al dia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_145_145" id="Footnote_145_145"></a><a href="#FNanchor_145_145"><span class="label">[145]</span></a> Truie aime mieux bran que roses.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_146_146" id="Footnote_146_146"></a><a href="#FNanchor_146_146"><span class="label">[146]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Setz einen Frosch auf goldnen Stuhl.</div> -<div class="i0">Er hupft doch wieder in den Pfuhl.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_147_147" id="Footnote_147_147"></a><a href="#FNanchor_147_147"><span class="label">[147]</span></a> De rabo de puerco nunca buen virote.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_148_148" id="Footnote_148_148"></a><a href="#FNanchor_148_148"><span class="label">[148]</span></a> On ne saurait faire d'une buse un épervier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_149_149" id="Footnote_149_149"></a><a href="#FNanchor_149_149"><span class="label">[149]</span></a> À laver la tête d'un âne, on perd sa lessive.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_150_150" id="Footnote_150_150"></a><a href="#FNanchor_150_150"><span class="label">[150]</span></a> El mal que no se puede sañar, es locura.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_151_151" id="Footnote_151_151"></a><a href="#FNanchor_151_151"><span class="label">[151]</span></a> Lavez chien, peignez chien, toujours n'est chien que chien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_152_152" id="Footnote_152_152"></a><a href="#FNanchor_152_152"><span class="label">[152]</span></a> Quanto chupa a abelha, mel torna, e quanto a aranha, -peçonha.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_153_153" id="Footnote_153_153"></a><a href="#FNanchor_153_153"><span class="label">[153]</span></a> Aquila non capit muscas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_154_154" id="Footnote_154_154"></a><a href="#FNanchor_154_154"><span class="label">[154]</span></a> De minimis non curat prætor.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_36" id="Page_36">[36]</a></span></p> -<h2>HOME.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Home is home, be it ever so homely.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Hame is a hamely word.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Homely" and "hamely" are not synonymous, but -imply different ideas associated with home. The one -means plain, unadorned, fit for every-day use; the -other means familiar, pleasant, dear to the affections. -"To every bird its nest is fair" (French, Italian).<a name="FNanchor_155_155" id="FNanchor_155_155"></a><a href="#Footnote_155_155" class="fnanchor">[155]</a> -"East and west, at home the best" (German).<a name="FNanchor_156_156" id="FNanchor_156_156"></a><a href="#Footnote_156_156" class="fnanchor">[156]</a> "The -reek of my own house," says the Spaniard, "is better -than the fire of another's."<a name="FNanchor_157_157" id="FNanchor_157_157"></a><a href="#Footnote_157_157" class="fnanchor">[157]</a> The same feeling is expressed -with less energy, but far more tenderly, in a -beautiful Italian proverb, which loses greatly by translation: -"Home, my own home, tiny though thou be, to -me thou seemest an abbey."<a name="FNanchor_158_158" id="FNanchor_158_158"></a><a href="#Footnote_158_158" class="fnanchor">[158]</a> Two others in the same -language are exquisitely tender: "My home, my -mother's breast."<a name="FNanchor_159_159" id="FNanchor_159_159"></a><a href="#Footnote_159_159" class="fnanchor">[159]</a> How touching this simple juxtaposition -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_37" id="Page_37">[37]</a></span> -of two loveliest things! Again, "Tie me -hand and foot, and throw me among my own."<a name="FNanchor_160_160" id="FNanchor_160_160"></a><a href="#Footnote_160_160" class="fnanchor">[160]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Every cock is proud on his own dunghill.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A cock is crouse on his ain midden.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This proverb has descended to us from the Romans: -it is quoted by Seneca.<a name="FNanchor_161_161" id="FNanchor_161_161"></a><a href="#Footnote_161_161" class="fnanchor">[161]</a> Its medieval equivalent, -<i>Gallus cantat in suo sterquilinio</i>, was probably present -to the mind of the first Napoleon when, in reply to -those who advised him to adopt the Gallic cock as the -imperial cognizance, he said, "No, it is a bird that -crows on a dunghill." The French have altered the -old proverb without improving it, thus: "A dog is -stout on his own dunghill."<a name="FNanchor_162_162" id="FNanchor_162_162"></a><a href="#Footnote_162_162" class="fnanchor">[162]</a> The Italian is better: -"Every dog is a lion at home."<a name="FNanchor_163_163" id="FNanchor_163_163"></a><a href="#Footnote_163_163" class="fnanchor">[163]</a> The Portuguese give -us the counterpart of this adage, saying, "The fierce -ox grows tame on strange ground."<a name="FNanchor_164_164" id="FNanchor_164_164"></a><a href="#Footnote_164_164" class="fnanchor">[164]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>An Englishman's house is his castle.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>But sanitary reformers tell him truly that he has no -right to shoot poisoned arrows from it at his neighbours. -The French say, "The collier (or charcoal -burner) is master in his own house,"<a name="FNanchor_165_165" id="FNanchor_165_165"></a><a href="#Footnote_165_165" class="fnanchor">[165]</a> and refer the -origin of the proverb to a hunting adventure of -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_38" id="Page_38">[38]</a></span>Francis I., which is related by Blaise de Montluc. -Having outridden all his followers, the king took shelter -at nightfall in the cabin of a charcoal burner, whose wife -he found sitting alone on the floor before the fire. She -told him, when he asked for hospitality, that he must -wait her husband's return, which he did, seating himself -on the only chair the cabin contained. Presently -the man came in, and, after a brief greeting, made the -king give him up the chair, saying he was used to sit -in it, and it was but right that a man should be master -in his own house. Francis expressed his entire concurrence -in this doctrine, and he and his host supped -together very amicably on game poached from the royal -forest.</p> - -<p>"Man," said Ferdinand VII. to the Duke of -Medina Celi, the premier nobleman of Spain, who was -helping him on with his great coat, "man, how little -you are!"—"At home I am great," replied the -dwarfish <i>grande</i> (grandee). "When I am in my own -house I am a king" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_166_166" id="FNanchor_166_166"></a><a href="#Footnote_166_166" class="fnanchor">[166]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_155_155" id="Footnote_155_155"></a><a href="#FNanchor_155_155"><span class="label">[155]</span></a> À tout oiseau son nid est beau. A ogni uccello suo nido è -bello.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_156_156" id="Footnote_156_156"></a><a href="#FNanchor_156_156"><span class="label">[156]</span></a> Ost und West, daheim das Best.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_157_157" id="Footnote_157_157"></a><a href="#FNanchor_157_157"><span class="label">[157]</span></a> Mas vale humo de mi casa que fuego de la agena.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_158_158" id="Footnote_158_158"></a><a href="#FNanchor_158_158"><span class="label">[158]</span></a> Casa mia, casa mia, per piccina che tu sia, tu mi sembri -una badia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_159_159" id="Footnote_159_159"></a><a href="#FNanchor_159_159"><span class="label">[159]</span></a> Casa mia, mamma mia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_160_160" id="Footnote_160_160"></a><a href="#FNanchor_160_160"><span class="label">[160]</span></a> Legami mani e piei, e gettami tra' miei.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_161_161" id="Footnote_161_161"></a><a href="#FNanchor_161_161"><span class="label">[161]</span></a> Gallus in suo sterquilinio plurimum potest.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_162_162" id="Footnote_162_162"></a><a href="#FNanchor_162_162"><span class="label">[162]</span></a> Chien sur son fumier est hardi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_163_163" id="Footnote_163_163"></a><a href="#FNanchor_163_163"><span class="label">[163]</span></a> Ogni cane è leone a casa sua.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_164_164" id="Footnote_164_164"></a><a href="#FNanchor_164_164"><span class="label">[164]</span></a> O boi bravo na terra alheia se faz manso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_165_165" id="Footnote_165_165"></a><a href="#FNanchor_165_165"><span class="label">[165]</span></a> Charbonnier est maître chez soi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_166_166" id="Footnote_166_166"></a><a href="#FNanchor_166_166"><span class="label">[166]</span></a> Mientras en mi casa estoy, rey me soy.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_39" id="Page_39">[39]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PRESENCE. ABSENCE. SOCIAL -INTERCOURSE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Long absent, soon forgotten.</b></p> - -<p><b>Out of sight, out of mind.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"Friends living far away are no friends" (Greek). -"He that is absent will not be the heir" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_167_167" id="FNanchor_167_167"></a><a href="#Footnote_167_167" class="fnanchor">[167]</a> -"Absence is love's foe: far from the eyes, far from the -heart" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_168_168" id="FNanchor_168_168"></a><a href="#Footnote_168_168" class="fnanchor">[168]</a> "The dead and the absent have no -friends" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_169_169" id="FNanchor_169_169"></a><a href="#Footnote_169_169" class="fnanchor">[169]</a> "The absent are always in the -wrong" (French).<a name="FNanchor_170_170" id="FNanchor_170_170"></a><a href="#Footnote_170_170" class="fnanchor">[170]</a> "Absent, none without fault; -present, none without excuse" (French).<a name="FNanchor_171_171" id="FNanchor_171_171"></a><a href="#Footnote_171_171" class="fnanchor">[171]</a></p> - -<p>Against this string of proverbs, all running in one -direction, we may set off the Scotch saying,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>They are aye gude that are far awa'</b>; -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">and this French one: "A little absence does much -good."<a name="FNanchor_172_172" id="FNanchor_172_172"></a><a href="#Footnote_172_172" class="fnanchor">[172]</a> Without affirming too absolutely that—</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_40" id="Page_40">[40]</a></span> - -<b>Friends agree best at a distance—</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">which was a proverb before Rochefoucauld wrote it down -among his maxims—we may admit that "To preserve -friendship a wall must be put between" (French);<a name="FNanchor_173_173" id="FNanchor_173_173"></a><a href="#Footnote_173_173" class="fnanchor">[173]</a> and -that "A hedge between keeps friendship green" (German).<a name="FNanchor_174_174" id="FNanchor_174_174"></a><a href="#Footnote_174_174" class="fnanchor">[174]</a> -"Love your neighbour, but do not pull down -the hedge" (German).<a name="FNanchor_175_175" id="FNanchor_175_175"></a><a href="#Footnote_175_175" class="fnanchor">[175]</a> "There are certain limits of -sociality, and prudent reserve and absence may find a -place in the management of the tenderest relations."—(<i>Friends -in Council.</i>) This lesson the Spaniards embody -in two proverbs, bidding you "Go to your aunt's -(or your brother's) house, but not every day."<a name="FNanchor_176_176" id="FNanchor_176_176"></a><a href="#Footnote_176_176" class="fnanchor">[176]</a> Friends -meet with more pleasure after a short separation. "The -imagination," says Montaigne, "embraces more fervently -and constantly what it goes in search of than -what one has at hand. Count up your daily thoughts, -and you will find that you are most absent from your -friend when you have him with you. His presence -relaxes your attention, and gives your thoughts liberty -to absent themselves at every turn and upon every -occasion."</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Better be unmannerly than troublesome.</b></p> - -<p><b>I wad rather my friend should think me framet than fashious.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, I would rather my friend should think me -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_41" id="Page_41">[41]</a></span>strange (<i>fremd</i>, German) than troublesome (<i>fâcheux</i>, -French).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Too much familiarity breeds contempt.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Ower-meikle hameliness spoils gude courtesy.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Hameliness means familiarity. See "Hame is a -hamely word," page <a href="#Page_36">36</a>.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Leave welcome ahint you.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Do not outstay your welcome. "A guest and a fish -stink on the third day" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_177_177" id="FNanchor_177_177"></a><a href="#Footnote_177_177" class="fnanchor">[177]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Welcome the coming, speed the parting guest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Aweel, kinsman," says Rob Boy to the baillie, "ye -ken our fashion—foster the guest that comes, further -him that maun gang." "Let the guest go before the -storm bursts" (German).<a name="FNanchor_178_178" id="FNanchor_178_178"></a><a href="#Footnote_178_178" class="fnanchor">[178]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>If the badger leaves his hole the tod will creep into it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that quits his place loses it" (French).<a name="FNanchor_179_179" id="FNanchor_179_179"></a><a href="#Footnote_179_179" class="fnanchor">[179]</a> "Whoso -absents himself, his share absents itself" (Arab).</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_167_167" id="Footnote_167_167"></a><a href="#FNanchor_167_167"><span class="label">[167]</span></a> Absens hæres non erit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_168_168" id="Footnote_168_168"></a><a href="#FNanchor_168_168"><span class="label">[168]</span></a> Ausencia enemiga de amor: quan lejos de ojo tan lejos de -corazon.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_169_169" id="Footnote_169_169"></a><a href="#FNanchor_169_169"><span class="label">[169]</span></a> A muertos y a idos no hay mas amigos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_170_170" id="Footnote_170_170"></a><a href="#FNanchor_170_170"><span class="label">[170]</span></a> Les absents ont toujours tort.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_171_171" id="Footnote_171_171"></a><a href="#FNanchor_171_171"><span class="label">[171]</span></a> Absent n'est point sans coulpe, ni présent sans excuse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_172_172" id="Footnote_172_172"></a><a href="#FNanchor_172_172"><span class="label">[172]</span></a> Un peu d'absence fait grand bien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_173_173" id="Footnote_173_173"></a><a href="#FNanchor_173_173"><span class="label">[173]</span></a> Pour amitié garder il faut parois entreposer.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_174_174" id="Footnote_174_174"></a><a href="#FNanchor_174_174"><span class="label">[174]</span></a> Ein Zaun dazwischen mag die Liebe erfrischen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_175_175" id="Footnote_175_175"></a><a href="#FNanchor_175_175"><span class="label">[175]</span></a> Liebe deinen Nachbar, reiss aber den Zaun nicht ein.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_176_176" id="Footnote_176_176"></a><a href="#FNanchor_176_176"><span class="label">[176]</span></a> A case de tu tia, mas no cada dia. A casa de tu hermano, -mas no cada serano.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_177_177" id="Footnote_177_177"></a><a href="#FNanchor_177_177"><span class="label">[177]</span></a> El huesped y el pece á tres dias hiede.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_178_178" id="Footnote_178_178"></a><a href="#FNanchor_178_178"><span class="label">[178]</span></a> Lass den Gast ziehen eh das Gewitter ausbricht.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_179_179" id="Footnote_179_179"></a><a href="#FNanchor_179_179"><span class="label">[179]</span></a> Qui quitte sa place la perd.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_42" id="Page_42">[42]</a></span></p> - -<h2>FRIENDSHIP.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>He is my friend who grinds at my mill.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, who is serviceable to me—a vile sentiment if -understood too absolutely; but the proverb is rather -to be interpreted as offering a test by which genuine -friendship may be distinguished from its counterfeit. -"Deeds are love, and not fine speeches" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_180_180" id="FNanchor_180_180"></a><a href="#Footnote_180_180" class="fnanchor">[180]</a> -"If you love me, John, your acts will tell me so" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_181_181" id="FNanchor_181_181"></a><a href="#Footnote_181_181" class="fnanchor">[181]</a> "In the world you have three sorts of -friends," says Chamfort; "your friends who love you, -your friends who do not care about you, and your -friends who hate you."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Kindness will creep where it canna gang.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It will find some way to manifest itself, in spite of -all hinderances. As Burns sings,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"A man may hae an honest heart,</div> -<div class="i2">Though poortith hourly stare him;</div> -<div class="i0">A man may tak a neebor's part,</div> -<div class="i2">Yet no hae cash to spare him."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Friendship canna stand aye on one side.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It demands reciprocity. "Little presents keep up -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_43" id="Page_43">[43]</a></span>friendship" (French);<a name="FNanchor_182_182" id="FNanchor_182_182"></a><a href="#Footnote_182_182" class="fnanchor">[182]</a> and so do mutual good offices. -Note that the French proverb speaks of <i>little</i> presents—such -things as are valued between friends, not for their -intrinsic value, but as tokens of good-will.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Before you make a friend, eat a peck of salt with him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Take time to know him thoroughly.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Sudden friendship, sure repentance.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Never trust much to a new friend or an old enemy.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Nor even to an old friend, if you and he have -once been at enmity. "Patched-up friendship seldom -becomes whole again" (German).<a name="FNanchor_183_183" id="FNanchor_183_183"></a><a href="#Footnote_183_183" class="fnanchor">[183]</a> "Broken friendship -may be soldered, but never made sound" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_184_184" id="FNanchor_184_184"></a><a href="#Footnote_184_184" class="fnanchor">[184]</a> "A reconciled friend, a double foe" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_185_185" id="FNanchor_185_185"></a><a href="#Footnote_185_185" class="fnanchor">[185]</a> "Beware of a reconciled friend as of the -devil" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_186_186" id="FNanchor_186_186"></a><a href="#Footnote_186_186" class="fnanchor">[186]</a> Asmodeus, speaking of his quarrel -with Paillardoc, says, "They reconciled us, we embraced, -and ever since we have been mortal enemies."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Old friends and old wine are best.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Old tunes are sweetest, and old friends are surest," -says Claud Halcro. "Old be your fish, your oil, your -friend" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_187_187" id="FNanchor_187_187"></a><a href="#Footnote_187_187" class="fnanchor">[187]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_44" id="Page_44">[44]</a></span> - -<b>One enemy is too many, and a hundred friends are too few.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Enmity is unhappily a much more active principle -than friendship.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Save me from my friends!</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An ejaculation often called forth by the indiscreet -zeal which damages a man's cause whilst professing to -serve it. The full form of the proverb—"God save -me from my friends, I will save myself from my -enemies"—is almost obsolete amongst us, but is found -in most languages of the continent, and is applied to -false friends. Bacon tells us that "Cosmos, Duke of -Florence, was wont to say of perfidious friends that we -read we ought to forgive our enemies; but we do not -read we ought to forgive our friends."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A full purse never lacked friends.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An empty purse does not easily find one. To say -that "The best friends are in the purse" (German),<a name="FNanchor_188_188" id="FNanchor_188_188"></a><a href="#Footnote_188_188" class="fnanchor">[188]</a> is, -perhaps, putting the matter a little too strongly; but, -at all events, "Let us have florins, and we shall find -cousins" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_189_189" id="FNanchor_189_189"></a><a href="#Footnote_189_189" class="fnanchor">[189]</a> "The rich man does not know -who is his friend."<a name="FNanchor_190_190" id="FNanchor_190_190"></a><a href="#Footnote_190_190" class="fnanchor">[190]</a> This Gascon proverb may be taken -in a double sense: the rich man's friends are more -than he can number; he cannot be sure of the sincerity -of any of them. "He who is everybody's friend is -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_45" id="Page_45">[45]</a></span>either very poor or very rich" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_191_191" id="FNanchor_191_191"></a><a href="#Footnote_191_191" class="fnanchor">[191]</a> "Now that -I have a ewe and a lamb everybody says to me, 'Good -day, Peter'" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_192_192" id="FNanchor_192_192"></a><a href="#Footnote_192_192" class="fnanchor">[192]</a> Everybody looks kindly on -the thriving man.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A friend in need is a friend indeed.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>But, as such friends are rare, the Scotch proverb -counsels not amiss,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Try your friend afore ye need him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>On the other hand, "He that would have many -friends should try few of them" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_193_193" id="FNanchor_193_193"></a><a href="#Footnote_193_193" class="fnanchor">[193]</a> "Let him -that is wretched and beggared try everybody, and then -his friend" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_194_194" id="FNanchor_194_194"></a><a href="#Footnote_194_194" class="fnanchor">[194]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A friend is never known till one have need.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A friend cannot be known in prosperity, and an -enemy cannot be hidden in adversity" (Ecclesiasticus). -"A sure friend is known in a doubtful case" (Ennius)<a name="FNanchor_195_195" id="FNanchor_195_195"></a><a href="#Footnote_195_195" class="fnanchor">[195]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When good cheer is lacking, friends will be packing.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The bread eaten, the company departed" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_196_196" id="FNanchor_196_196"></a><a href="#Footnote_196_196" class="fnanchor">[196]</a> -"While the pot boils, friendship blooms" (German).<a name="FNanchor_197_197" id="FNanchor_197_197"></a><a href="#Footnote_197_197" class="fnanchor">[197]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"In time of prosperity friends will be plenty;</div> -<div class="i0">In time of adversity not one in twenty."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_46" id="Page_46">[46]</a></span> - -<b>No longer foster, no longer friend.</b></p> - -<p><b>Help yourself, and your friends will like you.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Give out that you have many friends, and believe -that you have few" (French).<a name="FNanchor_198_198" id="FNanchor_198_198"></a><a href="#Footnote_198_198" class="fnanchor">[198]</a> By that means you will -not expose yourself to be bitterly disappointed, and you -will secure the favours which the world is ready to -bestow on those who seem to have least need of them.</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>A friend at court is better than a penny in the purse.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Kissing goes by favour.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Every one makes it his business to "Take care of -Dowb." "They are rich," therefore, "who have -friends" (Portuguese, Latin).<a name="FNanchor_199_199" id="FNanchor_199_199"></a><a href="#Footnote_199_199" class="fnanchor">[199]</a> "It is better to have -friends on the market than money in one's coffer" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_200_200" id="FNanchor_200_200"></a><a href="#Footnote_200_200" class="fnanchor">[200]</a> "Every one dances as he has friends in -the ball-room" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_201_201" id="FNanchor_201_201"></a><a href="#Footnote_201_201" class="fnanchor">[201]</a> "There's no living -without friends" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_202_202" id="FNanchor_202_202"></a><a href="#Footnote_202_202" class="fnanchor">[202]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_180_180" id="Footnote_180_180"></a><a href="#FNanchor_180_180"><span class="label">[180]</span></a> Obras son amores, que no buenas razones.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_181_181" id="Footnote_181_181"></a><a href="#FNanchor_181_181"><span class="label">[181]</span></a> Se bien me quieres, Juan, tus obras me lo diran.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_182_182" id="Footnote_182_182"></a><a href="#FNanchor_182_182"><span class="label">[182]</span></a> Les petits cadeaux entretiennent l'amitié.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_183_183" id="Footnote_183_183"></a><a href="#FNanchor_183_183"><span class="label">[183]</span></a> Geflickte Freundschaft wird selten wieder ganz.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_184_184" id="Footnote_184_184"></a><a href="#FNanchor_184_184"><span class="label">[184]</span></a> Amigo quebrado soldado, mas nunca sano.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_185_185" id="Footnote_185_185"></a><a href="#FNanchor_185_185"><span class="label">[185]</span></a> Amigo reconciliado, amigo doblado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_186_186" id="Footnote_186_186"></a><a href="#FNanchor_186_186"><span class="label">[186]</span></a> De amigo reconciliado, guarte del como del diablo. Cum -inimico nemo in gratiam tuto redit.—<i>Pub. Syrus.</i></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_187_187" id="Footnote_187_187"></a><a href="#FNanchor_187_187"><span class="label">[187]</span></a> Pesce, oglio, e amico vecchio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_188_188" id="Footnote_188_188"></a><a href="#FNanchor_188_188"><span class="label">[188]</span></a> Die beste Freunde stecken im Beutel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_189_189" id="Footnote_189_189"></a><a href="#FNanchor_189_189"><span class="label">[189]</span></a> Abbiamo pur fiorini, che trovaremo cugini.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_190_190" id="Footnote_190_190"></a><a href="#FNanchor_190_190"><span class="label">[190]</span></a> Riché homé non sap qui ly es amyg.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_191_191" id="Footnote_191_191"></a><a href="#FNanchor_191_191"><span class="label">[191]</span></a> Quien te todos es amigo, ó es muy pobre, ó es muy rico.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_192_192" id="Footnote_192_192"></a><a href="#FNanchor_192_192"><span class="label">[192]</span></a> Ahora que tengo oveja y borrego, todos me dicen: En hora -buena estais, Pedro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_193_193" id="Footnote_193_193"></a><a href="#FNanchor_193_193"><span class="label">[193]</span></a> Chi vuol aver amici assai, ne provi pochi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_194_194" id="Footnote_194_194"></a><a href="#FNanchor_194_194"><span class="label">[194]</span></a> Chi è misero e senza denari, provi tutti, e poi l'amico.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_195_195" id="Footnote_195_195"></a><a href="#FNanchor_195_195"><span class="label">[195]</span></a> Amicus certus in re incerta cernitur.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_196_196" id="Footnote_196_196"></a><a href="#FNanchor_196_196"><span class="label">[196]</span></a> El pan comido, la compañia deshecha.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_197_197" id="Footnote_197_197"></a><a href="#FNanchor_197_197"><span class="label">[197]</span></a> Siedet der Topf, so blühet die Freundschaft.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_198_198" id="Footnote_198_198"></a><a href="#FNanchor_198_198"><span class="label">[198]</span></a> Il faut se dire beaucoup d'amis, et s'en croire peu.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_199_199" id="Footnote_199_199"></a><a href="#FNanchor_199_199"><span class="label">[199]</span></a> Aquellos saō ricos que tem amigos. Ubi amici, ibi opes.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_200_200" id="Footnote_200_200"></a><a href="#FNanchor_200_200"><span class="label">[200]</span></a> Mas valen amigos en la plaça que dineros en el arca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_201_201" id="Footnote_201_201"></a><a href="#FNanchor_201_201"><span class="label">[201]</span></a> Cada hum dança como tem os amigos na sala.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_202_202" id="Footnote_202_202"></a><a href="#FNanchor_202_202"><span class="label">[202]</span></a> Naō se pode viver sem amigos.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_47" id="Page_47">[47]</a></span></p> - -<h2>CO-OPERATION. RECIPROCITY. -SUBORDINATION.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>One beats the bush and another catches the birds.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p><i>Sic vos non vobis.</i> The proverb is derived from an -old way of fowling by torchlight in the winter nights. -A man walks along a lane, carrying a bush smeared -with birdlime and a lighted torch. He is preceded by -another, who beats the hedges on both sides and starts -the birds, which, flying towards the light, are caught -by the limed twigs. An imprudent use of this proverb -by the Duke of Bedford, regent of France during the -minority of our Henry VI., has given it historical -celebrity. When the English were besieging Orleans, -the Duke of Burgundy, their ally, intimated his desire -that the town, when taken, should be given over to him. -The regent replied, "Shall I beat the bush and -another take the bird? No such thing." These words -so offended the duke that he deserted the English at a -time when they had the greatest need of his help to -resist the efforts of Charles VII.</p> - -<p>Here the proverb was used to imply an unfair division -of spoil, or what was called, in the duchy of -Bretagne, "A Montgomery distribution—all on one side,<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_48" id="Page_48">[48]</a></span> -and nothing on the other."<a name="FNanchor_203_203" id="FNanchor_203_203"></a><a href="#Footnote_203_203" class="fnanchor">[203]</a> (The powerful family of -Montgomery were in the habit of taking the lion's -share.) It may also be applied to the manner in which -confederates play into each other's hands. "The dog -that starts the hare is as good as the one that catches -it" (German).<a name="FNanchor_204_204" id="FNanchor_204_204"></a><a href="#Footnote_204_204" class="fnanchor">[204]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The receiver is as bad as the thief.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He sins as much who holds the sack as he who -puts into it" (French).<a name="FNanchor_205_205" id="FNanchor_205_205"></a><a href="#Footnote_205_205" class="fnanchor">[205]</a> "He who holds the ladder is -as bad as the burglar" (German).<a name="FNanchor_206_206" id="FNanchor_206_206"></a><a href="#Footnote_206_206" class="fnanchor">[206]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Lie for him and he'll swear for you.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Speir at Jock Thief if I be a leal man.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Ask my comrade, who is as great a liar as myself" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_207_207" id="FNanchor_207_207"></a><a href="#Footnote_207_207" class="fnanchor">[207]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The lion had need of the mouse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The grateful mouse in the fable rescued her benefactor -from the toils by gnawing the cords. "Soon or -late the strong needs the help of the weak" (French).<a name="FNanchor_208_208" id="FNanchor_208_208"></a><a href="#Footnote_208_208" class="fnanchor">[208]</a> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_49" id="Page_49">[49]</a></span>"Every ten years one man has need of another" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_209_209" id="FNanchor_209_209"></a><a href="#Footnote_209_209" class="fnanchor">[209]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Two to one are odds at football.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Not Hercules himself could resist such odds" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_210_210" id="FNanchor_210_210"></a><a href="#Footnote_210_210" class="fnanchor">[210]</a> "Three helping each other are as good as -six" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_211_211" id="FNanchor_211_211"></a><a href="#Footnote_211_211" class="fnanchor">[211]</a> "Three brothers, three castles" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_212_212" id="FNanchor_212_212"></a><a href="#Footnote_212_212" class="fnanchor">[212]</a> "Three, if they unite against a town, will -ruin it" (Arab).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When two ride the same horse one must ride behind.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>And, furthermore, he must be content to journey as -the foremost man pleases. "He who rides behind -does not saddle when he will" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_213_213" id="FNanchor_213_213"></a><a href="#Footnote_213_213" class="fnanchor">[213]</a> The -question of precedence is settled in this case by another -English proverb:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that hires the horse must ride before.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The man who hires or owns the horse is Capital, and -Labour must ride behind him. In other cases the -question will often have to be decided by force.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>You stout and I stout, who shall carry the dirt out?</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"You a lady, I a lady, who is to drive out the sow?" -(Gallegan).<a name="FNanchor_214_214" id="FNanchor_214_214"></a><a href="#Footnote_214_214" class="fnanchor">[214]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_50" id="Page_50">[50]</a></span> - -<b>Tarry breeks pays no fraught.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -<p> -<b>Pipers don't pay fiddlers.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One barber shaves another" (French).<a name="FNanchor_215_215" id="FNanchor_215_215"></a><a href="#Footnote_215_215" class="fnanchor">[215]</a> "One -hand washes the other" (Greek).<a name="FNanchor_216_216" id="FNanchor_216_216"></a><a href="#Footnote_216_216" class="fnanchor">[216]</a> "One ass scratches -another" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_217_217" id="FNanchor_217_217"></a><a href="#Footnote_217_217" class="fnanchor">[217]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Ka me, ka thee.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Turn about is fair play.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Giff-gaff is good fellowship.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Like master like man.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The beadle of the parish is always of the opinion -of his reverence the vicar" (French).<a name="FNanchor_218_218" id="FNanchor_218_218"></a><a href="#Footnote_218_218" class="fnanchor">[218]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_203_203" id="Footnote_203_203"></a><a href="#FNanchor_203_203"><span class="label">[203]</span></a> Partage de Montgomery—tout d'un coté, rien de l'autre; -like "Irish reciprocity, all on one side."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_204_204" id="Footnote_204_204"></a><a href="#FNanchor_204_204"><span class="label">[204]</span></a> Der Hund, der den Hasen ausspürt, ist so gut wie der ihn -fängt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_205_205" id="Footnote_205_205"></a><a href="#FNanchor_205_205"><span class="label">[205]</span></a> Autant pèche celui qui tient le sac que celui qui met dedans.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_206_206" id="Footnote_206_206"></a><a href="#FNanchor_206_206"><span class="label">[206]</span></a> Wer die Leiter hält, ist so schuldig wie der Dieb.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_207_207" id="Footnote_207_207"></a><a href="#FNanchor_207_207"><span class="label">[207]</span></a> Demandez-le à mon compagnon, qui est aussi menteur que -moi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_208_208" id="Footnote_208_208"></a><a href="#FNanchor_208_208"><span class="label">[208]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Ou tôt ou tard, ou près ou loin,</div> -<div class="i0">Le fort du faible a besoin.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_209_209" id="Footnote_209_209"></a><a href="#FNanchor_209_209"><span class="label">[209]</span></a> Ogni dieci anni un uomo ha bisogno dell' altro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_210_210" id="Footnote_210_210"></a><a href="#FNanchor_210_210"><span class="label">[210]</span></a> Ne Hercules contra duos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_211_211" id="Footnote_211_211"></a><a href="#FNanchor_211_211"><span class="label">[211]</span></a> Ayudándose tres, para peso de seis.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_212_212" id="Footnote_212_212"></a><a href="#FNanchor_212_212"><span class="label">[212]</span></a> Tre fratelli, tre castelli.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_213_213" id="Footnote_213_213"></a><a href="#FNanchor_213_213"><span class="label">[213]</span></a> Quien tras otro cabalga, no ensella quando quiere.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_214_214" id="Footnote_214_214"></a><a href="#FNanchor_214_214"><span class="label">[214]</span></a> Vos dona, yo dona, quen botará a porca foro?</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_215_215" id="Footnote_215_215"></a><a href="#FNanchor_215_215"><span class="label">[215]</span></a> Un barbier rase l'autre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_216_216" id="Footnote_216_216"></a><a href="#FNanchor_216_216"><span class="label">[216]</span></a> Χειρ χειρα νιπτει.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_217_217" id="Footnote_217_217"></a><a href="#FNanchor_217_217"><span class="label">[217]</span></a> Asinus asinum fricat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_218_218" id="Footnote_218_218"></a><a href="#FNanchor_218_218"><span class="label">[218]</span></a> Le bedeau de la paroisse est toujours de l'avis de monsieur -le curé.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_51" id="Page_51">[51]</a></span></p> - -<h2>LUCK. FORTUNE. MISFORTUNE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Luck is all.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A desperate doctrine, based on that one-sided view -of human affairs which is expressed in Byron's parody -of a famous passage in Addison's <i>Cato</i>:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"'Tis not in mortals to command success;</div> -<div class="i0">But do you more, Sempronius—<i>don't</i> deserve it;</div> -<div class="i0">And take my word you'll have no jot the less."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">"The worst pig gets the best acorn" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_219_219" id="FNanchor_219_219"></a><a href="#Footnote_219_219" class="fnanchor">[219]</a> "A -good bone never falls to a good dog" (French);<a name="FNanchor_220_220" id="FNanchor_220_220"></a><a href="#Footnote_220_220" class="fnanchor">[220]</a> and -"The horses eat oats that don't earn them" (German).<a name="FNanchor_221_221" id="FNanchor_221_221"></a><a href="#Footnote_221_221" class="fnanchor">[221]</a> -But this last proverb has also another application. -"Other rules may vary," says Sydney Smith, "but this -is the only one you will find without exception—that -in this world the salary or reward is always in the -inverse ratio of the duties performed."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_52" id="Page_52">[52]</a></span> - -<b>The more rogue the more luck.</b></p> - -<p><b>The devil's children have the devil's luck.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>But their prosperity is false and fleeting. "The -devil's meal runs half to bran" (French).<a name="FNanchor_222_222" id="FNanchor_222_222"></a><a href="#Footnote_222_222" class="fnanchor">[222]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>God sends fools fortune.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is to this version of the Latin adage, <i>Fortuna -favet fatuis</i> ("Fortune favours fools"), that <i>Touchstone</i> -alludes in his reply to <i>Jacques</i>:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"'No, sir,' quoth he;</div> -<div class="i0">'Call me not fool till Heaven hath sent me fortune.'"</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">The Spaniards express this popular belief by a striking -figure: "The mother of God appears to fools."<a name="FNanchor_223_223" id="FNanchor_223_223"></a><a href="#Footnote_223_223" class="fnanchor">[223]</a> The -Germans say, "Fortune and women are fond of fools;"<a name="FNanchor_224_224" id="FNanchor_224_224"></a><a href="#Footnote_224_224" class="fnanchor">[224]</a> -and the converse of this holds good likewise, since -"Fortune makes a fool of him whom she too much -favours" (Latin);<a name="FNanchor_225_225" id="FNanchor_225_225"></a><a href="#Footnote_225_225" class="fnanchor">[225]</a> and so do women sometimes. -When we consider how much what is called success in -life depends on getting into one of "the main grooves of -human affairs," we can account for the common remark -that blockheads thrive better in the world than clever -people, and that "Jack gets on by his stupidity" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_226_226" id="FNanchor_226_226"></a><a href="#Footnote_226_226" class="fnanchor">[226]</a> It is all the difference of going by railway -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_53" id="Page_53">[53]</a></span> -and walking over a ploughed field, whether you -adopt common courses or set up one for yourself"—which -is most likely to be done by people of superior -abilities. "You will see * * * * most inferior -persons highly placed in the army, in the church, in -office, at the bar. They have somehow got upon the -line, and have moved on well, with very little original -motive powers of their own. Do not let this make you -talk as if merit were utterly neglected in these or other -professions—only that getting well into the groove will -frequently do instead of any great excellence."<a name="FNanchor_227_227" id="FNanchor_227_227"></a><a href="#Footnote_227_227" class="fnanchor">[227]</a> With -this explanation we are prepared to admit that there is -some reason in the Spanish adage, "God send you -luck, my son, and little wit will serve your turn."<a name="FNanchor_228_228" id="FNanchor_228_228"></a><a href="#Footnote_228_228" class="fnanchor">[228]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>It is better to be lucky than wise.</b></p> - -<p><b>It is better to be born lucky than rich.</b></p> - -<p><b>Hap and ha'penny is warld's gear eneuch.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"The lucky man's bitch litters pigs" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_229_229" id="FNanchor_229_229"></a><a href="#Footnote_229_229" class="fnanchor">[229]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Happy go lucky.</b></p> - -<p><b>The happy [lucky] man canna be harried.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>The lucky man cannot be ruined. Seeming disasters -will often prove to be signal strokes of good fortune -for him. Such a man will have cause to say, "The -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_54" id="Page_54">[54]</a></span>ox that tossed me threw me upon a good place" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_230_230" id="FNanchor_230_230"></a><a href="#Footnote_230_230" class="fnanchor">[230]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He is like a cat, he always falls on his feet.</b></p> - -<p><b>Cast ye owre the house riggen, and ye'll fa' on your feet.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Give a man luck, and throw him into the sea.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Pitch him into the Nile," say the Arabs, "and he -will come up with a fish in his mouth;" and the -Germans, "If he threw up a penny on the roof, down -would come a dollar to him."<a name="FNanchor_231_231" id="FNanchor_231_231"></a><a href="#Footnote_231_231" class="fnanchor">[231]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>What is worse than ill luck?</b> -</p> -<p><b>An unhappy man's cart is eith to tumble.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is, easily upset. It happens always to some people, -as Coleridge said of himself, to have their bread and -butter fall on the buttered side. An Irishman of this -ill-starred class is commonly supposed to have been -the author of the saying,—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that is born under a threepenny planet will never be worth a groat.</b> -</p> -<p><b>If my father had made me a hatter men would have been born without heads.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">But the thought is not original in our language: an -unlucky Arab had long ago declared, "If I were to -trade in winding-sheets no one would die." A man of -this stamp "Falls on his back and breaks his nose" -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_55" id="Page_55">[55]</a></span>(French).<a name="FNanchor_232_232" id="FNanchor_232_232"></a><a href="#Footnote_232_232" class="fnanchor">[232]</a> The Basques say of him, "Maggots breed -in his salt-box;" the Provençals, "He would sink a -ship freighted with crucifixes;" the Italians, "He -would break his neck upon a straw."<a name="FNanchor_233_233" id="FNanchor_233_233"></a><a href="#Footnote_233_233" class="fnanchor">[233]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Misfortunes seldom come single.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Misfortunes come by forties.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Ill comes upon waur's back.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Fortune is not content with crossing any man -once," says Publius Syrus.<a name="FNanchor_234_234" id="FNanchor_234_234"></a><a href="#Footnote_234_234" class="fnanchor">[234]</a> "After losing, one loses -roundly," say the French.<a name="FNanchor_235_235" id="FNanchor_235_235"></a><a href="#Footnote_235_235" class="fnanchor">[235]</a> The Spaniards have three -remarkable proverbs to express the same conviction:—"Whither -goest thou, Misfortune? To where there is -more."<a name="FNanchor_236_236" id="FNanchor_236_236"></a><a href="#Footnote_236_236" class="fnanchor">[236]</a> "Whither goest thou, Sorrow? Whither I -am wont."<a name="FNanchor_237_237" id="FNanchor_237_237"></a><a href="#Footnote_237_237" class="fnanchor">[237]</a> "Welcome, Misfortune, if thou comest -alone."<a name="FNanchor_238_238" id="FNanchor_238_238"></a><a href="#Footnote_238_238" class="fnanchor">[238]</a> The Italian equivalents are numerous: <i>e.g.</i>, -"One ill calls another."<a name="FNanchor_239_239" id="FNanchor_239_239"></a><a href="#Footnote_239_239" class="fnanchor">[239]</a> "One misfortune is the -eve of another."<a name="FNanchor_240_240" id="FNanchor_240_240"></a><a href="#Footnote_240_240" class="fnanchor">[240]</a> "A misfortune and a friar are -seldom alone."<a name="FNanchor_241_241" id="FNanchor_241_241"></a><a href="#Footnote_241_241" class="fnanchor">[241]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_56" id="Page_56">[56]</a></span> - -<b>It can't rain but it pours.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Good fortune, as well as bad, is said to come in -floods. "If the wind blows it enters at every crevice" -(Arab).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>There is a local version of this proverb:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is an ill wind that blows no good to Cornwall.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">On the rock-bound coasts of that shire almost any -wind brought gain to the wreckers. We have seen it -somewhere alleged that the general proverb grew out -of the local one; but this is certainly not the fact, for -the former exists in other languages. Its Italian -equivalent<a name="FNanchor_242_242" id="FNanchor_242_242"></a><a href="#Footnote_242_242" class="fnanchor">[242]</a> agrees closely with it in form as well as in -spirit. The French say, "Misfortune is good for -something;"<a name="FNanchor_243_243" id="FNanchor_243_243"></a><a href="#Footnote_243_243" class="fnanchor">[243]</a> the Spaniards, "There is no ill but -comes for good;"<a name="FNanchor_244_244" id="FNanchor_244_244"></a><a href="#Footnote_244_244" class="fnanchor">[244]</a> and, "I broke my leg, perhaps for -my good."<a name="FNanchor_245_245" id="FNanchor_245_245"></a><a href="#Footnote_245_245" class="fnanchor">[245]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Our worst misfortunes are those that never befall us.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Never give way to melancholy: nothing encroaches -more. I fight vigorously. One great remedy is to -take short views of life. Are you happy now? Are -you likely to remain so till this evening? or next -week? or next month? or next year? Then why -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_57" id="Page_57">[57]</a></span>destroy present happiness by a distant misery which -may never come at all, or you may never live to see? -For every substantial grief has twenty shadows, and -most of them shadows of your own making."—<i>Sydney -Smith.</i></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Ye're fleyed [frightened] o' the day ye ne'er saw.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>You cry out before you are hurt.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Never yowl till you're hit.</b>—<i>Ulster.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Let your trouble tarry till its own day comes.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Sufficient for the day is the evil thereof.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>In French, "À chaque jour suffit sa peine," words -which were frequently in Napoleon's mouth at St. -Helena. An Eastern proverb says, "He is miserable -once who feels it, but twice who fears it before it comes."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When bale is highest, boot is nighest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Bale" is obsolete as a substantive, but retains a -place in current English as the root of the adjective -"baleful." The proverb means that</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>When the night's darkest the day's nearest.</b></p> - -<p><b>The darkest hour is that before dawn.</b></p> - -<p><b>When things come to the worst they'll mend.</b> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p class="noin">They must change, for that is the law of nature, and -any change in them must be for the better. Thus, -"By dint of going wrong all will come right" (French).<a name="FNanchor_246_246" id="FNanchor_246_246"></a><a href="#Footnote_246_246" class="fnanchor">[246]</a> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_58" id="Page_58">[58]</a></span>"Ill is the eve of well" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_247_247" id="FNanchor_247_247"></a><a href="#Footnote_247_247" class="fnanchor">[247]</a> and "It is at the -narrowest part of the defile that the valley begins to -open" (Persian). "When the tale of bricks is doubled -Moses comes" (Hebrew).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that's down, down with him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Such is the way of the world—"the oppressed -oppressing." "Him that falls all the world run over" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_248_248" id="FNanchor_248_248"></a><a href="#Footnote_248_248" class="fnanchor">[248]</a> "He that has ill luck gets ill usage" (Old -French).<a name="FNanchor_249_249" id="FNanchor_249_249"></a><a href="#Footnote_249_249" class="fnanchor">[249]</a> "All bite the bitten dog" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_250_250" id="FNanchor_250_250"></a><a href="#Footnote_250_250" class="fnanchor">[250]</a> -"When a dog is drowning everybody brings him drink" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_251_251" id="FNanchor_251_251"></a><a href="#Footnote_251_251" class="fnanchor">[251]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Knock a man down, and kick him for falling.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A sort of treatment like what they call in France -"The custom of Lorris: the beaten pay the fine."<a name="FNanchor_252_252" id="FNanchor_252_252"></a><a href="#Footnote_252_252" class="fnanchor">[252]</a> -It was enacted by the charter of Lorris in the Orléanais, -conferred by Philip the Fair, that any man -claiming to have money due to him from another, but -unable to produce proof of the debt, might challenge -the alleged debtor to a judicial combat with fists. -The beaten combatant had judgment given against -him, which always included a fine to the lord of the -manor.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_59" id="Page_59">[59]</a></span> - -<b>The puir man is aye put to the warst.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The ill-clad to windward" (French).<a name="FNanchor_253_253" id="FNanchor_253_253"></a><a href="#Footnote_253_253" class="fnanchor">[253]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The weakest goes to the wall</b>, -</p></blockquote> - -<p>which is the worst place in a crowd and a crush. Also,</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Where the dyke is lowest men go over</b>. -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Where the dam is lowest the water first runs over" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_254_254" id="FNanchor_254_254"></a><a href="#Footnote_254_254" class="fnanchor">[254]</a> People overrun and oppress those who are -least able to resist.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When the tree falls every man goes with his hatchet.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"When the tree is down everybody gathers wood" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_255_255" id="FNanchor_255_255"></a><a href="#Footnote_255_255" class="fnanchor">[255]</a> "If my beard is burnt, others try to light -their pipes at it" (Turkish).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Where the carcass is, the eagles will be gathered together.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"'We are, then, irremediably ruined, Mr. Oldbuck?' -(The speaker is Miss Wardour, in the 'Antiquary.')</p> - -<p>"'Irremediably? I hope not; but the instant -demand is very large, and others will doubtless -pour in.'</p> - -<p>"'Ay, never doubt that, Monkbarns,' said Sir -Arthur; 'where the slaughter is, the eagles will be -gathered together. I am like a sheep which I have -seen fall down a precipice, or drop down from sickness: -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_60" id="Page_60">[60]</a></span>if you had not seen a single raven or hooded crow for a -fortnight before, he will not be on the heather ten -minutes before half a dozen will be pecking out his -eyes (and he drew his hand over his own), and tearing -out his heart-strings before the poor devil has time -to die.'"</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Put your finger in the fire and say it was your fortune.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Blame yourself only for the consequences of your -own folly. Edgar, in <i>Lear</i>, says, "This is the excellent -foppery of the world! That when we are sick in -fortune we make guilty of our disasters, the sun, the -moon, and the stars: as if we were villains on necessity; -fools by heavenly compulsion; knaves, thieves, and -treachers, by spherical predominance; drunkards, liars, -and adulterers, by a forced obedience of planetary influence; -and all that we are evil in by a divine thrusting -on: an admirable evasion!"</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_219_219" id="Footnote_219_219"></a><a href="#FNanchor_219_219"><span class="label">[219]</span></a> Al mas ruin puerco la mejor bellota.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_220_220" id="Footnote_220_220"></a><a href="#FNanchor_220_220"><span class="label">[220]</span></a> À un bon chien n'échet jamais un bon os.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_221_221" id="Footnote_221_221"></a><a href="#FNanchor_221_221"><span class="label">[221]</span></a> Die Rosse fressen den Haber die ihn nicht verdienen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_222_222" id="Footnote_222_222"></a><a href="#FNanchor_222_222"><span class="label">[222]</span></a> La farine du diable s'en va moitié en son.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_223_223" id="Footnote_223_223"></a><a href="#FNanchor_223_223"><span class="label">[223]</span></a> A los bobos se les aparece la madre de Dios.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_224_224" id="Footnote_224_224"></a><a href="#FNanchor_224_224"><span class="label">[224]</span></a> Glück und Weiber haben die Narren lieb.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_225_225" id="Footnote_225_225"></a><a href="#FNanchor_225_225"><span class="label">[225]</span></a> Fortuna nimium quem favet stultum facit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_226_226" id="Footnote_226_226"></a><a href="#FNanchor_226_226"><span class="label">[226]</span></a> Hans kommt durch seine Dummheit fort.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_227_227" id="Footnote_227_227"></a><a href="#FNanchor_227_227"><span class="label">[227]</span></a> "Companions of my Solitude."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_228_228" id="Footnote_228_228"></a><a href="#FNanchor_228_228"><span class="label">[228]</span></a> Ventura te dé Dios, hijo, que poco saber te basta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_229_229" id="Footnote_229_229"></a><a href="#FNanchor_229_229"><span class="label">[229]</span></a> A quien Dios quiere bien, la perra le pare lechones.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_230_230" id="Footnote_230_230"></a><a href="#FNanchor_230_230"><span class="label">[230]</span></a> El buey que me acornó, en buen lugar me echó.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_231_231" id="Footnote_231_231"></a><a href="#FNanchor_231_231"><span class="label">[231]</span></a> Würf er einen Groschen aufs Dach, fiel ihm ein Thaler -herunter.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_232_232" id="Footnote_232_232"></a><a href="#FNanchor_232_232"><span class="label">[232]</span></a> Il tombe sur le dos, et se casse le nez.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_233_233" id="Footnote_233_233"></a><a href="#FNanchor_233_233"><span class="label">[233]</span></a> Si romperebbe il collo in un filo de paglia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_234_234" id="Footnote_234_234"></a><a href="#FNanchor_234_234"><span class="label">[234]</span></a> Fortuna obesse nulli contenta est semel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_235_235" id="Footnote_235_235"></a><a href="#FNanchor_235_235"><span class="label">[235]</span></a> Après perdre, perd-on bien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_236_236" id="Footnote_236_236"></a><a href="#FNanchor_236_236"><span class="label">[236]</span></a> Adonde vas, mal? Adonde mas hay.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_237_237" id="Footnote_237_237"></a><a href="#FNanchor_237_237"><span class="label">[237]</span></a> Ado vas, duelo? Ado suelo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_238_238" id="Footnote_238_238"></a><a href="#FNanchor_238_238"><span class="label">[238]</span></a> Bien vengas, mal, si vienes solo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_239_239" id="Footnote_239_239"></a><a href="#FNanchor_239_239"><span class="label">[239]</span></a> Un mal chiama l'otro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_240_240" id="Footnote_240_240"></a><a href="#FNanchor_240_240"><span class="label">[240]</span></a> Un mal è la vigilia dell' altro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_241_241" id="Footnote_241_241"></a><a href="#FNanchor_241_241"><span class="label">[241]</span></a> Un male e un frate di rado soli.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_242_242" id="Footnote_242_242"></a><a href="#FNanchor_242_242"><span class="label">[242]</span></a> Cattivo è quel vento che a nessuno è prospero.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_243_243" id="Footnote_243_243"></a><a href="#FNanchor_243_243"><span class="label">[243]</span></a> À quelque chose malheur est bon.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_244_244" id="Footnote_244_244"></a><a href="#FNanchor_244_244"><span class="label">[244]</span></a> No hay mal que por bien no venga.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_245_245" id="Footnote_245_245"></a><a href="#FNanchor_245_245"><span class="label">[245]</span></a> Quebreme el pie, quiza por bien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_246_246" id="Footnote_246_246"></a><a href="#FNanchor_246_246"><span class="label">[246]</span></a> À force de mal aller tout ira bien.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_247_247" id="Footnote_247_247"></a><a href="#FNanchor_247_247"><span class="label">[247]</span></a> Il male è la vigilia del bene.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_248_248" id="Footnote_248_248"></a><a href="#FNanchor_248_248"><span class="label">[248]</span></a> Wer da fällt, über ihm laufen alle Welt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_249_249" id="Footnote_249_249"></a><a href="#FNanchor_249_249"><span class="label">[249]</span></a> À qui il meschet, on lui meffaict.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_250_250" id="Footnote_250_250"></a><a href="#FNanchor_250_250"><span class="label">[250]</span></a> Ao caõ mordido, todos o mordem.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_251_251" id="Footnote_251_251"></a><a href="#FNanchor_251_251"><span class="label">[251]</span></a> Quand le chien se noye, tout le monde lui porte à boire.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_252_252" id="Footnote_252_252"></a><a href="#FNanchor_252_252"><span class="label">[252]</span></a> Coutume de Lorrie: les battus payent l'amende.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_253_253" id="Footnote_253_253"></a><a href="#FNanchor_253_253"><span class="label">[253]</span></a> Les mal vêtus devers le vent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_254_254" id="Footnote_254_254"></a><a href="#FNanchor_254_254"><span class="label">[254]</span></a> Waar de dam het langst is, loopt het water het eerst over.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_255_255" id="Footnote_255_255"></a><a href="#FNanchor_255_255"><span class="label">[255]</span></a> Arbore dejectâ quivis colligit ligna.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_61" id="Page_61">[61]</a></span></p> - -<h2>FORETHOUGHT. CARE. CAUTION.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Look before you leap.</b></p> - -<p><b>Don't buy a pig in a poke.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A poke is a pouch or bag. This word, which is still -current in the northern counties of England, corresponds -to the French <i>poche</i>, as "pocket" does to the -diminutive, <i>pochette</i>. <i>Bouge</i> and <i>bougette</i> are other -forms of the same word; and from these we get -"budget," which, curiously enough, has gone back -from us to its original owners with a newly-acquired -meaning, for the French Minister of Finance presents -his annual Budget like our own Chancellor of the -Exchequer. The French say, <i>Acheter chat en poche</i>: -"To buy a cat in a poke," or game bag; and the meaning -of that proverb is explained by this other one, "To -buy a cat for a hare."<a name="FNanchor_256_256" id="FNanchor_256_256"></a><a href="#Footnote_256_256" class="fnanchor">[256]</a> So also the Dutch,<a name="FNanchor_257_257" id="FNanchor_257_257"></a><a href="#Footnote_257_257" class="fnanchor">[257]</a> the -Italian,<a name="FNanchor_258_258" id="FNanchor_258_258"></a><a href="#Footnote_258_258" class="fnanchor">[258]</a> &c. The pig of the English proverb is -chosen for the sake of the alliteration at some sacrifice -of sense.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_62" id="Page_62">[62]</a></span> - -<b>No safe wading in unknown waters.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Therefore, "Swim on, and trust them not" (French).<a name="FNanchor_259_259" id="FNanchor_259_259"></a><a href="#Footnote_259_259" class="fnanchor">[259]</a> -"Who sees not the bottom, let him not pass the -water" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_260_260" id="FNanchor_260_260"></a><a href="#Footnote_260_260" class="fnanchor">[260]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Beware of had I wist.</b></p> - -<p><b>"Had I wist," quoth the fool.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"It is the part of a fool to say, 'I should not have -thought it'" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_261_261" id="FNanchor_261_261"></a><a href="#Footnote_261_261" class="fnanchor">[261]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Stretch your arm no farther than your sleeve will reach.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Never put out your arm further than you can easily draw it back again.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Cautious Nicol Jarvie attributes to neglect of this -rule the commercial difficulties of his correspondent, -Mr. Osbaldistone, "a gude honest gentleman; but I -aye said he was ane of them wad make a spune or spoil -a horn." Perhaps it is to ridicule the folly of attempting -things beyond the reach of our powers that the -Germans tell us, "Asses sing badly because they pitch -their voices too high."<a name="FNanchor_262_262" id="FNanchor_262_262"></a><a href="#Footnote_262_262" class="fnanchor">[262]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Measure twice, cut but once.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An irrevocable set should be well considered beforehand. -Dean Trench quotes this as a Russian proverb, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_63" id="Page_63">[63]</a></span>but it is to be found in James Kelly's Scottish collection, -and is common to many European languages.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Second thoughts are best.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Therefore it is well to "take counsel of one's pillow." -"The morning is wiser than the evening" (Russian), -sometimes because—in Russia especially—the evening -is drunk and the morning is sober, but generally because -the night affords time for reflection. "The night -brings counsel" (French, Latin, German).<a name="FNanchor_263_263" id="FNanchor_263_263"></a><a href="#Footnote_263_263" class="fnanchor">[263]</a> "Night -is the mother of thoughts" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_264_264" id="FNanchor_264_264"></a><a href="#Footnote_264_264" class="fnanchor">[264]</a> "Sleep upon it, -and you will take counsel" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_265_265" id="FNanchor_265_265"></a><a href="#Footnote_265_265" class="fnanchor">[265]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>Raise nae mair deils than ye can lay.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Do not rip up old sores.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Nor stir up an evil that has been fairly buried" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_266_266" id="FNanchor_266_266"></a><a href="#Footnote_266_266" class="fnanchor">[266]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Don't wake a sleeping dog.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"When misfortune sleeps let no one wake her" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_267_267" id="FNanchor_267_267"></a><a href="#Footnote_267_267" class="fnanchor">[267]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>To lock the stable door when the steed is stolen.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The wise Italians," says Poor Richard [Benjamin -Franklin], "make this proverbial remark on our nation—<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_64" id="Page_64">[64]</a></span>'The -English feel, but they do not see;' that is, they -are sensible of inconveniences when they are present, -but do not take sufficient care to prevent them; their -natural courage makes them too little apprehensive of -danger, so that they are often surprised by it unprovided -with the proper means of security. When it is -too late they are sensible of their imprudence. After -great fires they provide buckets and engines; after a -pestilence they think of keeping clean their streets and -common sewers; and when a town has been sacked by -their enemies they provide for its defence," &c. Other -nations have their share of this after-wisdom, as their -proverbs testify: <i>e.g.</i>, "To cover the well when the -child is drowned" (German).<a name="FNanchor_268_268" id="FNanchor_268_268"></a><a href="#Footnote_268_268" class="fnanchor">[268]</a> "To stop the hole -when the mischief is done" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_269_269" id="FNanchor_269_269"></a><a href="#Footnote_269_269" class="fnanchor">[269]</a> "When the -head is broken the helmet is put on" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_270_270" id="FNanchor_270_270"></a><a href="#Footnote_270_270" class="fnanchor">[270]</a> The -Chinese give this good advice: "Dig a well before -you are thirsty." Be prepared for contingencies.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Be bail and pay for it.</b></p> - -<p><b>Afttimes the cautioner pays the debt.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that becomes responsible pays" (French).<a name="FNanchor_271_271" id="FNanchor_271_271"></a><a href="#Footnote_271_271" class="fnanchor">[271]</a> -"Whoso would know what he is worth let him never -be a surety" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_272_272" id="FNanchor_272_272"></a><a href="#Footnote_272_272" class="fnanchor">[272]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_65" id="Page_65">[65]</a></span> - -<b>In trust is treason.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"In this world," said Lord Halifax, "men must -be saved by their want of faith." "He will never -prosper who readily believes" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_273_273" id="FNanchor_273_273"></a><a href="#Footnote_273_273" class="fnanchor">[273]</a> "Trust was a -good man; Trust not was a better" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_274_274" id="FNanchor_274_274"></a><a href="#Footnote_274_274" class="fnanchor">[274]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He should hae a lang-shafted spune that sups kail wi' the deil.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>A fidging [skittish] mare should be weel girthed.</b>—<i>Scottish.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A cunning, tricky fellow should be dealt with very -cautiously. "A thief does not always thieve, but be -always on your guard against him" (Russian).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Fast bind, fast find.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Shylock adds, "A proverb never stale to thrifty -mind." "Who ties well, unties well" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_275_275" id="FNanchor_275_275"></a><a href="#Footnote_275_275" class="fnanchor">[275]</a> -"Better is a turn of the key than a friar's conscience" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_276_276" id="FNanchor_276_276"></a><a href="#Footnote_276_276" class="fnanchor">[276]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Grin when ye bind, and laugh when ye loose.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Tie the knot tightly, grin with the effort of pulling, -and when you come to untie it you will smile with -satisfaction, finding it has kept all safe.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Quoth the young cock, "I'll neither meddle nor make."</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>He had seen the old cock's neck wrung for taking -part with his master, and the hen's for taking part with -his dame.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_256_256" id="Footnote_256_256"></a><a href="#FNanchor_256_256"><span class="label">[256]</span></a> Acheter le chat pour le lièvre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_257_257" id="Footnote_257_257"></a><a href="#FNanchor_257_257"><span class="label">[257]</span></a> Een kat in een zak koopen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_258_258" id="Footnote_258_258"></a><a href="#FNanchor_258_258"><span class="label">[258]</span></a> Non comprar gatta in sacco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_259_259" id="Footnote_259_259"></a><a href="#FNanchor_259_259"><span class="label">[259]</span></a> Nage toujours, et ne t'y fie pas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_260_260" id="Footnote_260_260"></a><a href="#FNanchor_260_260"><span class="label">[260]</span></a> Chi non vede il fondo, non passa l'acqua.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_261_261" id="Footnote_261_261"></a><a href="#FNanchor_261_261"><span class="label">[261]</span></a> Stulti est dicere non putârim.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_262_262" id="Footnote_262_262"></a><a href="#FNanchor_262_262"><span class="label">[262]</span></a> Esel singen schlecht, weil sie zu hoch anstimmen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_263_263" id="Footnote_263_263"></a><a href="#FNanchor_263_263"><span class="label">[263]</span></a> La nuit porte conseil. In nocte consilium. Guter Rath -kommt über Nacht.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_264_264" id="Footnote_264_264"></a><a href="#FNanchor_264_264"><span class="label">[264]</span></a> La notte è la madre di piensieri.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_265_265" id="Footnote_265_265"></a><a href="#FNanchor_265_265"><span class="label">[265]</span></a> Dormireis sobre ello, y tomareis acuerdo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_266_266" id="Footnote_266_266"></a><a href="#FNanchor_266_266"><span class="label">[266]</span></a> Malum bene conditum ne moveris.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_267_267" id="Footnote_267_267"></a><a href="#FNanchor_267_267"><span class="label">[267]</span></a> Quando la mala ventura se duerme, nadie la despierte.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_268_268" id="Footnote_268_268"></a><a href="#FNanchor_268_268"><span class="label">[268]</span></a> Den Brunnen decken so das Kind ertrunken ist.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_269_269" id="Footnote_269_269"></a><a href="#FNanchor_269_269"><span class="label">[269]</span></a> Recebido ya el daño, atapar el horado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_270_270" id="Footnote_270_270"></a><a href="#FNanchor_270_270"><span class="label">[270]</span></a> Rotta la testa, se mette la celata.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_271_271" id="Footnote_271_271"></a><a href="#FNanchor_271_271"><span class="label">[271]</span></a> Qui répond, paye.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_272_272" id="Footnote_272_272"></a><a href="#FNanchor_272_272"><span class="label">[272]</span></a> Qui vuol saper quel che il suo sia, non faccia mai malleveria.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_273_273" id="Footnote_273_273"></a><a href="#FNanchor_273_273"><span class="label">[273]</span></a> Nequaquam recte faciet qui cito credit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_274_274" id="Footnote_274_274"></a><a href="#FNanchor_274_274"><span class="label">[274]</span></a> Fidati era un buon uomo. Nontifidare era meglio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_275_275" id="Footnote_275_275"></a><a href="#FNanchor_275_275"><span class="label">[275]</span></a> Quien bien ata, bien desata.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_276_276" id="Footnote_276_276"></a><a href="#FNanchor_276_276"><span class="label">[276]</span></a> Mas val vuelta de clave que conciencia de frate.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_66" id="Page_66">[66]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PATIENCE. FORTITUDE. PERSEVERANCE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p><b>Patience and posset drink cure all maladies.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Patience is a plaster for all sores.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>We trace this proverb in an exquisite passage from -"honest old Decker," as Hazlitt fondly calls him.</p> - -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"<i>Duke.</i> What comfort do you find in being so calm?</div> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><i>Candido.</i> That which green wounds receive from sovereign balm.</div> -<div class="i0">Patience, my lord! why, 'tis the soul of peace;</div> -<div class="i0">Of all the virtues 'tis nearest kin to heaven:</div> -<div class="i0">It makes men look gods. The best of men</div> -<div class="i0">That e'er wore earth about him was a sufferer,</div> -<div class="i0">A soft, meek, patient, humble, tranquil spirit—</div> -<div class="i0">The first true gentleman that ever breathed.</div> -<div class="i0">The stock of patience, then, cannot be poor;</div> -<div class="i0">All it desires it has: what award more?</div> -<div class="i0">It is the greatest enemy to strife</div> -<div class="i0">That can be, for it doth embrace all wrongs,</div> -<div class="i0">And so chains up lawyers' and women's tongues.</div> -<div class="i0">'Tis the perpetual prisoner's liberty—</div> -<div class="i0">His walks and orchards; 'tis the bondslave's freedom,</div> -<div class="i0">And makes him seem proud of his iron chain,</div> -<div class="i0">As though he wore it more for state than pain;</div> -<div class="i0">It is the beggar's music, and thus sings—</div> -<div class="i0">Although their bodies beg, their souls are kings.</div> -<div class="i0">O my dread liege! it is the sap of bliss</div> -<div class="i0">Bears us aloft, makes men and angels kiss;</div> -<div class="i0">And last of all, to end a household strife,</div> -<div class="i0">It is the honey 'gainst a waspish wife."</div> -</div></div> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_67" id="Page_67">[67]</a></span> -"Patience, time, and money overcome everything" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_277_277" id="FNanchor_277_277"></a><a href="#Footnote_277_277" class="fnanchor">[277]</a> "He who does not tire, tires adversity" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_278_278" id="FNanchor_278_278"></a><a href="#Footnote_278_278" class="fnanchor">[278]</a> "A stout heart breaks ill luck" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_279_279" id="FNanchor_279_279"></a><a href="#Footnote_279_279" class="fnanchor">[279]</a> -"The remedy for hard times is to have patience" -(Arab).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Blaw the wind ne'er sae fast, it will lown at the last.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>After a storm comes a calm.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"After rain comes fine weather" (French).<a name="FNanchor_280_280" id="FNanchor_280_280"></a><a href="#Footnote_280_280" class="fnanchor">[280]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>The longest day will have an end.</b></p> - -<p><b>Time and the hour run through the longest day.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Be the day ne'er so long, at last comes even song.</b><a name="FNanchor_281_281" id="FNanchor_281_281"></a><a href="#Footnote_281_281" class="fnanchor">[281]</a> -</p></blockquote> -<p>"The day will be long, but there will be an end to -it,"<a name="FNanchor_282_282" id="FNanchor_282_282"></a><a href="#Footnote_282_282" class="fnanchor">[282]</a> said Damiens of that dreadful day which was to -witness his death by tortures which are the eternal -disgrace of the French monarchy.</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>When one door shuts another opens.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>When baffled in one direction a man of energy will -not despair, but will find another way to his object.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_68" id="Page_68">[68]</a></span> - -<b>There is more than one yew bow in Chester.</b></p> - -<p><b>A' the keys of the country hang na in ae belt.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"There are hills beyond Pentland, and streams beyond Forth;</div> -<div class="i0">If there's lairds in the lowlands, there's chiefs in the north;</div> -<div class="i0">There are wild duinewassels three thousand times three,</div> -<div class="i0">Will cry hoich for the bonnet of Bonny Dundee!"</div> -</div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is a sore battle from which none escape.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>One may suffer a great loss, and yet not be totally -ruined.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>There's as good fish in the sea as ever was caught.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A consolatory reflection for those who have missed a -good haul. The question is, will they have industry and -skill to do better another time? "If I have lost the -rings, here are the fingers still," is a stout-hearted -saying of the Italians and Spaniards.<a name="FNanchor_283_283" id="FNanchor_283_283"></a><a href="#Footnote_283_283" class="fnanchor">[283]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that weel bides weel betides.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>He that waits patiently comes off well at last, for -"All comes right for him who can wait" (French).<a name="FNanchor_284_284" id="FNanchor_284_284"></a><a href="#Footnote_284_284" class="fnanchor">[284]</a> -"Sit down and dangle your legs, and you will see your -revenge" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_285_285" id="FNanchor_285_285"></a><a href="#Footnote_285_285" class="fnanchor">[285]</a> that is, time will bring you -reparation and satisfaction. "The world is his who -has patience" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_286_286" id="FNanchor_286_286"></a><a href="#Footnote_286_286" class="fnanchor">[286]</a> "The world belongs to the -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_69" id="Page_69">[69]</a></span>phlegmatic" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_287_287" id="FNanchor_287_287"></a><a href="#Footnote_287_287" class="fnanchor">[287]</a> "Have patience, Cossack; -thou wilt come to be hetman" (Russian).</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>Set a stout heart to a stae brae [a steep hill side].</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Set hard heart against hard hap.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Go about a difficult business resolutely; confront -adversity with fortitude.</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito</div> -<div class="i0">Quam tua te fortuna sinit."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>That you may not be easily discouraged, the French -remind you that "One may go far after he is tired."<a name="FNanchor_288_288" id="FNanchor_288_288"></a><a href="#Footnote_288_288" class="fnanchor">[288]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that tholes [endures] overcomes.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>The toughest skin holds longest out.</b>—<i>Cumberland.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He conquers who sticks in his saddle" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_289_289" id="FNanchor_289_289"></a><a href="#Footnote_289_289" class="fnanchor">[289]</a> -"Hard pounding, gentlemen," said Wellington at -Waterloo; "but we will see who will pound the -longest." "Perseverance kills the game" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_290_290" id="FNanchor_290_290"></a><a href="#Footnote_290_290" class="fnanchor">[290]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Constant dropping wears the stone.</b><a name="FNanchor_291_291" id="FNanchor_291_291"></a><a href="#Footnote_291_291" class="fnanchor">[291]</a> -</p> -<p><b>A mouse in time may bite in two a cable.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"With time and straw medlars ripen" (French).<a name="FNanchor_292_292" id="FNanchor_292_292"></a><a href="#Footnote_292_292" class="fnanchor">[292]</a> -"With time a mulberry leaf becomes satin" (Chinese).</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_70" id="Page_70">[70]</a></span> - -<b>A rolling stone gathers no moss.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is an exact rendering of an ancient Greek adage, -which is repeated with little variation in most modern -languages. The Italians say, "A tree often transplanted -is never loaded with fruit."<a name="FNanchor_293_293" id="FNanchor_293_293"></a><a href="#Footnote_293_293" class="fnanchor">[293]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>A man may bear till his back breaks.</b> -</p> -<p><b>All lay load on the willing horse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Patience may be abused. "Through much enduring -come things that cannot be endured" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_294_294" id="FNanchor_294_294"></a><a href="#Footnote_294_294" class="fnanchor">[294]</a> "Make -thyself a sheep, and the wolf is ready" (Russian). -"Make yourself an ass, and you'll have every man's -sack on your back" (German).<a name="FNanchor_295_295" id="FNanchor_295_295"></a><a href="#Footnote_295_295" class="fnanchor">[295]</a> "If you let them lay -the calf on your back it will not be long before they -clap on the cow" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_296_296" id="FNanchor_296_296"></a><a href="#Footnote_296_296" class="fnanchor">[296]</a> "Who lets one sit on -his shoulders shall presently have him sit on his head" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_297_297" id="FNanchor_297_297"></a><a href="#Footnote_297_297" class="fnanchor">[297]</a> "The horse that pulls at the collar is -always getting the whip" (French).<a name="FNanchor_298_298" id="FNanchor_298_298"></a><a href="#Footnote_298_298" class="fnanchor">[298]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Daub yourself with honey, and you'll be covered with flies.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The gentle ewe is sucked by every lamb" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_299_299" id="FNanchor_299_299"></a><a href="#Footnote_299_299" class="fnanchor">[299]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_277_277" id="Footnote_277_277"></a><a href="#FNanchor_277_277"><span class="label">[277]</span></a> Pazienza, tempo e denari vincono ogni cosa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_278_278" id="Footnote_278_278"></a><a href="#FNanchor_278_278"><span class="label">[278]</span></a> Qui ne se lasse pas lasse l'adversité.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_279_279" id="Footnote_279_279"></a><a href="#FNanchor_279_279"><span class="label">[279]</span></a> Buen corazon quebranta mala ventura.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_280_280" id="Footnote_280_280"></a><a href="#FNanchor_280_280"><span class="label">[280]</span></a> Après la pluie vient le beau temps.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_281_281" id="Footnote_281_281"></a><a href="#FNanchor_281_281"><span class="label">[281]</span></a> Il n'est si long jour qui ne vienne à vêpres. Non vien di -che non venga sera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_282_282" id="Footnote_282_282"></a><a href="#FNanchor_282_282"><span class="label">[282]</span></a> La journée sera longue, mais elle finira.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_283_283" id="Footnote_283_283"></a><a href="#FNanchor_283_283"><span class="label">[283]</span></a> Se ben ho perso l'anello, ho pur anche le dite. Si se -perdieron los anillos, aqui quedaron los dedillos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_284_284" id="Footnote_284_284"></a><a href="#FNanchor_284_284"><span class="label">[284]</span></a> Tout vient à point à qui sait attendre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_285_285" id="Footnote_285_285"></a><a href="#FNanchor_285_285"><span class="label">[285]</span></a> Siedi e sgambetta, vedrai la tua vendetta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_286_286" id="Footnote_286_286"></a><a href="#FNanchor_286_286"><span class="label">[286]</span></a> Il mondo è di chi ha pazienza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_287_287" id="Footnote_287_287"></a><a href="#FNanchor_287_287"><span class="label">[287]</span></a> Il mondo è dei flemmatici.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_288_288" id="Footnote_288_288"></a><a href="#FNanchor_288_288"><span class="label">[288]</span></a> On va loin après qu'on est las.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_289_289" id="Footnote_289_289"></a><a href="#FNanchor_289_289"><span class="label">[289]</span></a> Vince chi riman in sella.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_290_290" id="Footnote_290_290"></a><a href="#FNanchor_290_290"><span class="label">[290]</span></a> Porfia mata la caza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_291_291" id="Footnote_291_291"></a><a href="#FNanchor_291_291"><span class="label">[291]</span></a> Gutta cavat lapidem non vi sed sæpe cadendo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_292_292" id="Footnote_292_292"></a><a href="#FNanchor_292_292"><span class="label">[292]</span></a> Avec du temps et de la paille les nèfles mûrissent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_293_293" id="Footnote_293_293"></a><a href="#FNanchor_293_293"><span class="label">[293]</span></a> Albero spesso traspiantato mai di frutti è caricato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_294_294" id="Footnote_294_294"></a><a href="#FNanchor_294_294"><span class="label">[294]</span></a> Patiendo multa veniunt quæ neques pati.—<i>Publius Syrus.</i></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_295_295" id="Footnote_295_295"></a><a href="#FNanchor_295_295"><span class="label">[295]</span></a> Wer sich zum Esel macht, dem will jeder seinen Sack -auflegen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_296_296" id="Footnote_296_296"></a><a href="#FNanchor_296_296"><span class="label">[296]</span></a> Se ti lasci metter in spalla il vitello, quindi a poco ti metteran -la vacca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_297_297" id="Footnote_297_297"></a><a href="#FNanchor_297_297"><span class="label">[297]</span></a> Wer sich auf der Achsel sitzen lässt, dem sitzt man nachher -auf dem Kopf.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_298_298" id="Footnote_298_298"></a><a href="#FNanchor_298_298"><span class="label">[298]</span></a> On touche toujours sur le cheval qui tire.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_299_299" id="Footnote_299_299"></a><a href="#FNanchor_299_299"><span class="label">[299]</span></a> Pecora mansueta d'ogni agnello è tettata.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_71" id="Page_71">[71]</a></span></p> - -<h2>INDUSTRY AND IDLENESS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>No pains, no gains.</b></p> - -<p><b>No sweat, no sweet.</b></p> - -<p><b>No mill, no meal.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>From the Latin, "Qui vitat molam, vitat farinam." -"To stop the hand is the way to stop the mouth" -(Chinese).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that wad eat the kernel maun crack the nut.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>He that gapes till he be fed will gape till he be dead.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Naethin is got without pains but dirt and lang nails.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Good luck enters by dint of cuffs" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_300_300" id="FNanchor_300_300"></a><a href="#Footnote_300_300" class="fnanchor">[300]</a> -Success in life is only to be won by hard striving.</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"The nimble runner courses Fortune down,</div> -<div class="i0">And then he banquets, for she feeds the brave."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>An idle brain's the deil's smiddy.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>An idle brain's the devil's workshop.</b> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>"By doing nothing we learn to do mischief" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_301_301" id="FNanchor_301_301"></a><a href="#Footnote_301_301" class="fnanchor">[301]</a> "He that labours is tempted by one devil, -he that is idle by a thousand" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_302_302" id="FNanchor_302_302"></a><a href="#Footnote_302_302" class="fnanchor">[302]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_72" id="Page_72">[72]</a></span> - -<b>Idle dogs worry sheep.</b></p> - -<p><b>Sloth is the key of poverty.</b></p> - -<p><b>Lazy folks take the most pains.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"The dog in the kennel barks at his fleas; the dog -that hunts does not feel them" (Chinese).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Who so busy as he that has nothing to do?</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The Italians compare such a one to a pig's tail that -is going all day, and by night has done nothing.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Seldom lies the deil dead by the dyke side.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>You are not to expect that difficulties and dangers -will vanish without any effort of your own.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_300_300" id="Footnote_300_300"></a><a href="#FNanchor_300_300"><span class="label">[300]</span></a> A puñadas entran las buenas hadas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_301_301" id="Footnote_301_301"></a><a href="#FNanchor_301_301"><span class="label">[301]</span></a> Nihil agendo male agere discimus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_302_302" id="Footnote_302_302"></a><a href="#FNanchor_302_302"><span class="label">[302]</span></a> Chi fatica è tentato da un demonio, chi sta in ozio da mille.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_73" id="Page_73">[73]</a></span></p> - -<h2>THRIFT.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Cut your coat according to your cloth.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Let your expenditure be proportioned to your means. -"Let every one stretch his leg according to his coverlet" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_303_303" id="FNanchor_303_303"></a><a href="#Footnote_303_303" class="fnanchor">[303]</a> "According to the arm be the blood-letting" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_304_304" id="FNanchor_304_304"></a><a href="#Footnote_304_304" class="fnanchor">[304]</a> "Meditating upon general improvement, -I often think a great deal about the climate -in these parts of the world; and I see that, without -much husbandry of our means and resources, it is difficult -for us to be anything but low barbarians. The -difficulty of living at all in a cold, damp, destructive -climate is great. Socrates went about with very scanty -clothing, and men praise his wisdom in caring so little -for the goods of this life. He ate sparingly, and of -mean food. That is not the way, I suspect, that we -can make a philosopher here. There are people who -would deride me for saying this, and would contend -that it gives too much weight to worldly things. But -I suspect they are misled by notions borrowed from -eastern climates. Here we must make prudence one -of the substantial virtues."—(<i>Companions of my Solitude.</i>)</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_74" id="Page_74">[74]</a></span> - -<b>A good bargain is a pickpurse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Buy what you have no need of, and ere long you will -sell your necessaries. "At a good bargain bethink -you" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_305_305" id="FNanchor_305_305"></a><a href="#Footnote_305_305" class="fnanchor">[305]</a> "What is not needed is dear at a -farthing" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_306_306" id="FNanchor_306_306"></a><a href="#Footnote_306_306" class="fnanchor">[306]</a> This very sensible proverb was -bequeathed to us by the elder Cato; and a wiser man -than Cato—Sydney Smith—has said, "If you want to -make much of a small income, always ask yourself -these two questions: first, do I really want it? secondly, -can I do without it? These two questions, answered -honestly, will double your fortune."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Silks and satins, scarlet and velvets, put out the kitchen fire.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Fools make feasts, and wise men eat them.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>One of the neatest repartees ever made was that -which Shaftesbury administered at the feast at which -he entertained the Duke of York (James II.). He -overheard Lauderdale whispering the duke, "Fools -make feasts, and wise men eat them." Ere the -sound of the last word had died away, Shaftesbury, -responding both to the words and the sense, said, -"Witty men make jests, and fools repeat them." "A -fat kitchen has poverty for a neighbour" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_307_307" id="FNanchor_307_307"></a><a href="#Footnote_307_307" class="fnanchor">[307]</a> -"A fat kitchen, a lean will" (German).<a name="FNanchor_308_308" id="FNanchor_308_308"></a><a href="#Footnote_308_308" class="fnanchor">[308]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_75" id="Page_75">[75]</a></span> - -<b>Waste not, want not.</b></p> - -<p><b>Wilful waste makes woeful want.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A small leak will sink a great ship.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Take care of the pence, and the pounds will take care of themselves.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A fool and his money are soon parted.</b> -</p> -<p><b>He that gets his gear before his wit will be short while master of it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Gear is easier gained than guided.</b></p> -<p> -<b>A fool may make money, but it needs a wise man to spend it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Men," says Fielding (and he was an example of the -truth he asserted), "do not become rich by what they -get, but by what they keep." "Saving is the first -gain" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_309_309" id="FNanchor_309_309"></a><a href="#Footnote_309_309" class="fnanchor">[309]</a> "Better is rule than rent" (French).<a name="FNanchor_310_310" id="FNanchor_310_310"></a><a href="#Footnote_310_310" class="fnanchor">[310]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A penny saved is a penny got.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The best is cheapest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One cannot have a good pennyworth of bad ware" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_311_311" id="FNanchor_311_311"></a><a href="#Footnote_311_311" class="fnanchor">[311]</a> "Much worth never cost little" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_312_312" id="FNanchor_312_312"></a><a href="#Footnote_312_312" class="fnanchor">[312]</a> -"Cheap bargains are dear" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_313_313" id="FNanchor_313_313"></a><a href="#Footnote_313_313" class="fnanchor">[313]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Misers' money goes twice to market.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Keep a thing seven years and you'll find a use for it.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Store is no sore.</b><a name="FNanchor_314_314" id="FNanchor_314_314"></a><a href="#Footnote_314_314" class="fnanchor">[314]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that buys by the pennyworth keeps his own -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_76" id="Page_76">[76]</a></span>house and another man's" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_315_315" id="FNanchor_315_315"></a><a href="#Footnote_315_315" class="fnanchor">[315]</a> Partly for this -reason it is that</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="center"><b>A poor man's shilling is but a penny.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A toom [empty] pantry makes a thriftless gudewife.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Bare walls make giddy housewives.</b><a name="FNanchor_316_316" id="FNanchor_316_316"></a><a href="#Footnote_316_316" class="fnanchor">[316]</a> -</p> -<p><b>All is not gain that is put into the purse.</b> -</p> -<p><b>What the goodwife spares the cat eats.</b> -</p> -<p><b>There was a wife that kept her supper for her breakfast, an' she was dead or day.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_303_303" id="Footnote_303_303"></a><a href="#FNanchor_303_303"><span class="label">[303]</span></a> Cada uno estiende la pierna como tiene la cubierta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_304_304" id="Footnote_304_304"></a><a href="#FNanchor_304_304"><span class="label">[304]</span></a> Selon le bras la saignée.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_305_305" id="Footnote_305_305"></a><a href="#FNanchor_305_305"><span class="label">[305]</span></a> A buona derrata pensavi su.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_306_306" id="Footnote_306_306"></a><a href="#FNanchor_306_306"><span class="label">[306]</span></a> Quod non opus est, asse carum est.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_307_307" id="Footnote_307_307"></a><a href="#FNanchor_307_307"><span class="label">[307]</span></a> A grassa cucina povertà è vicina.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_308_308" id="Footnote_308_308"></a><a href="#FNanchor_308_308"><span class="label">[308]</span></a> Fette Küche, magere Erbschaft.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_309_309" id="Footnote_309_309"></a><a href="#FNanchor_309_309"><span class="label">[309]</span></a> Lo sparagno è lo primo guadagno.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_310_310" id="Footnote_310_310"></a><a href="#FNanchor_310_310"><span class="label">[310]</span></a> Mieux vaut règle que rente.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_311_311" id="Footnote_311_311"></a><a href="#FNanchor_311_311"><span class="label">[311]</span></a> On n'a jamais bon marché de mauvaise marchandise.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_312_312" id="Footnote_312_312"></a><a href="#FNanchor_312_312"><span class="label">[312]</span></a> Nunca mucho costó poco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_313_313" id="Footnote_313_313"></a><a href="#FNanchor_313_313"><span class="label">[313]</span></a> Lo barato es caro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_314_314" id="Footnote_314_314"></a><a href="#FNanchor_314_314"><span class="label">[314]</span></a> Abondance de bien ne nuit pas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_315_315" id="Footnote_315_315"></a><a href="#FNanchor_315_315"><span class="label">[315]</span></a> Chi vive a minuto fa le spese a' suoi e agli altri.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_316_316" id="Footnote_316_316"></a><a href="#FNanchor_316_316"><span class="label">[316]</span></a> Vuides chambres font folles dames.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_77" id="Page_77">[77]</a></span></p> - -<h2>MODERATION. EXCESS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Enough is enough of bread and cheese.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Enough is as good as a feast.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A bird can roost but on one branch; a mouse can -drink no more than its fill from a river" (Chinese). -"He is rich enough who does not want" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_317_317" id="FNanchor_317_317"></a><a href="#Footnote_317_317" class="fnanchor">[317]</a> -But the difficulty is to determine to a nicety the point -at which there is neither want nor surplus. Practically -there is no such point, however it may exist in -theory; for</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>There's never enough where nought is left.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Of enough men leave.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Where all is eaten up it is pretty certain that the -commons were but short. "There is not enough if -there is not too much" (French).<a name="FNanchor_318_318" id="FNanchor_318_318"></a><a href="#Footnote_318_318" class="fnanchor">[318]</a> Beaumarchais makes -Figaro, in speaking of love, to utter the charming hyperbole -which has passed into a proverb, "Too much is -not enough."<a name="FNanchor_319_319" id="FNanchor_319_319"></a><a href="#Footnote_319_319" class="fnanchor">[319]</a> Even without being in love, everybody -must agree with Voltaire in considering</p> - -<blockquote><p class="center">"Le superflu, chose très nécessaire."</p> - -<p class="p2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_78" id="Page_78">[78]</a></span> - -<b>Better leave than lack.</b></p> - -<p><b>All covet, all lose.</b></p> - -<p><b>Covetousness brings nothing home.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>"It bursts the bag" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_320_320" id="FNanchor_320_320"></a><a href="#Footnote_320_320" class="fnanchor">[320]</a> Like the dog in -the fable, it grasps at the shadow, and lets fall the -substance. "He that embraces too much holds nothing -fast" (Italian, French).<a name="FNanchor_321_321" id="FNanchor_321_321"></a><a href="#Footnote_321_321" class="fnanchor">[321]</a> A statue was erected -to Buffon in his lifetime, with the inscription, <i>Naturam -amplectitur omnem</i> ("He embraces all nature"). Somebody -remarked upon this, "He that embraces too -much," &c. Buffon heard of the sarcasm, and had the -inscription obliterated.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is hard for a greedy eye to hae a leal heart.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Covetousness is scarcely consistent with honesty.</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>Much would have more.</b></p> - -<p><b>A greedy eye never had a fu' weam [belly].</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The dust alone can fill the eye of man" (Arab); -<i>i.e.</i>, the dust of the grave can alone extinguish the -lust of the eye and the cupidity of man. Among the -Arabs, the phrase, "His eye is full," signifies he possesses -every object of his desire. The Germans say, -"Greed and the eye can no man fill."<a name="FNanchor_322_322" id="FNanchor_322_322"></a><a href="#Footnote_322_322" class="fnanchor">[322]</a> The Scotch -say of a covetous person,—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He'll get enough ae day when his mouth's fu' o' mools [mould].</b> -</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_79" id="Page_79">[79]</a></span> - -<b>The greedy man and the gileynoar [cheat] are soon agreed.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The sharper soon cheats the covetous man" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_323_323" id="FNanchor_323_323"></a><a href="#Footnote_323_323" class="fnanchor">[323]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The grace of God is gear enough</b>.—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is the northern form of the proverb which -Launcelot Gobbo speaks of as being well parted between -Bassanio and Shylock. "You [Bassanio] have -the grace of God, and he [Shylock] has enough."</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>Too much is stark nought.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Too much of one thing is good for nothing.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One may be surfeited with eating tarts" (French).<a name="FNanchor_324_324" id="FNanchor_324_324"></a><a href="#Footnote_324_324" class="fnanchor">[324]</a> -"Nothing too much!" (Latin.)<a name="FNanchor_325_325" id="FNanchor_325_325"></a><a href="#Footnote_325_325" class="fnanchor">[325]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Better a wee fire to warm us than a meikle fire to burn us.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is better to be content with a moderate fortune -than attempt to increase it at the risk of being ruined. -"Give me the ass that carries me, rather than the -horse that throws me" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_326_326" id="FNanchor_326_326"></a><a href="#Footnote_326_326" class="fnanchor">[326]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Little sticks kindle a fire, but great ones put it out.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Fair and softly goes far in a day.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Hooly and fairly men ride far journeys.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Who goes softly goes safely, and who goes safely -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_80" id="Page_80">[80]</a></span>goes far" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_327_327" id="FNanchor_327_327"></a><a href="#Footnote_327_327" class="fnanchor">[327]</a> "Take-it-easy and Live-long are -brothers" (German).<a name="FNanchor_328_328" id="FNanchor_328_328"></a><a href="#Footnote_328_328" class="fnanchor">[328]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Fools' haste is no speed.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The more haste the worse speed.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This seems to be derived from the Latin adage, -<i>Festinatio tarda est</i> ("Haste is slow"). It defeats its -own purpose by the blunders and imperfect work it -occasions. A favourite saying of the Emperors Augustus -and Titus was, <i>Festina lente</i> ("Hasten leisurely"), which -Erasmus calls the king of adages. The Germans have -happily translated it,<a name="FNanchor_329_329" id="FNanchor_329_329"></a><a href="#Footnote_329_329" class="fnanchor">[329]</a> and it is well paraphrased in that -saying of Sir Amyas Paulet, "Tarry a little, that we -may make an end the sooner." A thing is done "Fast -enough if well enough" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_330_330" id="FNanchor_330_330"></a><a href="#Footnote_330_330" class="fnanchor">[330]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Naething in haste but gripping o' fleas.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Nothing should be done in haste except catching fleas.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Haste trips up its own heels.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that goes too hastily along often stumbles on a -fair road" (French).<a name="FNanchor_331_331" id="FNanchor_331_331"></a><a href="#Footnote_331_331" class="fnanchor">[331]</a> "Reason lies between the bridle -and the spur" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_332_332" id="FNanchor_332_332"></a><a href="#Footnote_332_332" class="fnanchor">[332]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_81" id="Page_81">[81]</a></span> - -<b>Draw not your bow till your arrow is fixed.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that rides ere he be ready wants some o' his graith.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>He leaves some of his accoutrements behind him. -Perhaps one reason why "It is good to have a hatch -before your door" is, that it may act as a check upon -such unprofitable haste. Sydney Smith adopted a -similar expedient, which he called a <i>screaming gate</i>. -"We all arrived once," he said, "at a friend's house -just before dinner, hot, tired, and dusty—a large party -assembled—and found all the keys of our trunks had -been left behind. Since then I have established a -screaming gate. We never set out on our journey now -without stopping at a gate about ten minutes' distance -from the house, to consider what we have left behind. -The result has been excellent."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Two hungry meals make the third a glutton.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Excess in one direction induces excess in the opposite -direction.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Soft fire makes sweet malt.</b> -</p> -<p><b>More flies are caught with a drop of honey than with a tun of vinegar.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Gentleness does more than violence" (French).<a name="FNanchor_333_333" id="FNanchor_333_333"></a><a href="#Footnote_333_333" class="fnanchor">[333]</a> -"The gentle calf sucks all the cows" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_334_334" id="FNanchor_334_334"></a><a href="#Footnote_334_334" class="fnanchor">[334]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Ower hot, ower cauld.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"It may be a fire—on the morrow it will be ashes" -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_82" id="Page_82">[82]</a></span>(Arab). Violent passions are apt to subside quickly. -"Soon fire, soon ashes" (Dutch).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man may love his house weel, and no ride on the riggin [roof] o't.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>No one will believe that he loves it the more for any -such extravagant demonstration.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Many irons in the fire, some will cool.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Too many cooks spoil the broth.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Ower mony greeves [overseers] hinder the wark.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Too many tirewomen make the bride ill dressed" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_335_335" id="FNanchor_335_335"></a><a href="#Footnote_335_335" class="fnanchor">[335]</a> "If the sailors become too numerous the -ship sinks" (Arab).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A bow o'erbent will weaken.</b> -</p> -<p><b>All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"This nation, the northern part of it especially, is -given to believe in the sovereign efficacy of dulness. -To be sure, dulness and solid vice are apt to go hand -in hand. But then, according to our notions, dulness -is in itself so good a thing—almost a religion. Now, -if ever a people required to be amused, it is we sad-hearted -Anglo-Saxons. Heavy eaters, hard thinkers, -often given up to a peculiar melancholy of our own, -with a climate that for months together would frown -away mirth if it could—many of us with very gloomy -thoughts about our hereafter. If ever there were a -people who should avoid increasing their dulness by all -work and no play, we are that people. 'They took -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_83" id="Page_83">[83]</a></span>their pleasure sadly,' says Froissart, 'after their fashion.' -We need not ask of what nation Froissart was speaking."—(<i>Friends -in Council.</i>)</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The mill that is always grinding grinds coarse and fine together.</b>—<i>Irish.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The pot that boils too much loses flavour" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_336_336" id="FNanchor_336_336"></a><a href="#Footnote_336_336" class="fnanchor">[336]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Play's gude while it is play.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Beware of pushing it to that point at which it ceases -to be play. "Leave off the play (or jest) when it is -merriest" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_337_337" id="FNanchor_337_337"></a><a href="#Footnote_337_337" class="fnanchor">[337]</a> Never let it degenerate into -horse play. "Manual play is clowns' play" (French).<a name="FNanchor_338_338" id="FNanchor_338_338"></a><a href="#Footnote_338_338" class="fnanchor">[338]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man may make his own dog bite him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is not wise to overstrain authority, or to drive -even the weakest or most submissive to desperation.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A baited cat may grow as fierce as a lion.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Put a coward on his mettle and he'll fight the devil.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Make a bridge of gold for the flying enemy.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Extremes meet.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A proverb of universal application in the physical as -well as the moral world. Every one knows the saying -of Napoleon, "From the sublime to the ridiculous is -but a step."</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>Too far east is west.</b> -</p> -<p><b>No feast to a miser's.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_317_317" id="Footnote_317_317"></a><a href="#FNanchor_317_317"><span class="label">[317]</span></a> Assai è rico a chi non manca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_318_318" id="Footnote_318_318"></a><a href="#FNanchor_318_318"><span class="label">[318]</span></a> Assez n'y a, si trop n'y a.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_319_319" id="Footnote_319_319"></a><a href="#FNanchor_319_319"><span class="label">[319]</span></a> Trop n'est pas assez.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_320_320" id="Footnote_320_320"></a><a href="#FNanchor_320_320"><span class="label">[320]</span></a> La codicia rompe il saco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_321_321" id="Footnote_321_321"></a><a href="#FNanchor_321_321"><span class="label">[321]</span></a> Chi troppo abbraccia, nulla stringe. Qui trop embrasse, -mal étreint.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_322_322" id="Footnote_322_322"></a><a href="#FNanchor_322_322"><span class="label">[322]</span></a> Den Geiz und die Augen kann niemand füllen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_323_323" id="Footnote_323_323"></a><a href="#FNanchor_323_323"><span class="label">[323]</span></a> El tramposo presto engaña al codicioso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_324_324" id="Footnote_324_324"></a><a href="#FNanchor_324_324"><span class="label">[324]</span></a> On se saoule bien de manger tartes.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_325_325" id="Footnote_325_325"></a><a href="#FNanchor_325_325"><span class="label">[325]</span></a> Ne quid nimis.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_326_326" id="Footnote_326_326"></a><a href="#FNanchor_326_326"><span class="label">[326]</span></a> Mais quero asno que me leve que cavallo que me derrube.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_327_327" id="Footnote_327_327"></a><a href="#FNanchor_327_327"><span class="label">[327]</span></a> Chi va piano, va sano, e chi va sano, va lontano.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_328_328" id="Footnote_328_328"></a><a href="#FNanchor_328_328"><span class="label">[328]</span></a> Gehgemach und Lebelang sind Bruder.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_329_329" id="Footnote_329_329"></a><a href="#FNanchor_329_329"><span class="label">[329]</span></a> Eile mit Weile.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_330_330" id="Footnote_330_330"></a><a href="#FNanchor_330_330"><span class="label">[330]</span></a> Sat cito si sat bene.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_331_331" id="Footnote_331_331"></a><a href="#FNanchor_331_331"><span class="label">[331]</span></a> Qui trop se hâte en cheminant, en beau chemin se fourvoye -souvent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_332_332" id="Footnote_332_332"></a><a href="#FNanchor_332_332"><span class="label">[332]</span></a> Trà la briglia e lo speron consiste la raggion.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_333_333" id="Footnote_333_333"></a><a href="#FNanchor_333_333"><span class="label">[333]</span></a> Plus fait douceur que violence.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_334_334" id="Footnote_334_334"></a><a href="#FNanchor_334_334"><span class="label">[334]</span></a> Bezerrinha mansa todas as vaccas mamma.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_335_335" id="Footnote_335_335"></a><a href="#FNanchor_335_335"><span class="label">[335]</span></a> Muchos componedores descomponen la novia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_336_336" id="Footnote_336_336"></a><a href="#FNanchor_336_336"><span class="label">[336]</span></a> Panella que muito ferve, o sabor perde.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_337_337" id="Footnote_337_337"></a><a href="#FNanchor_337_337"><span class="label">[337]</span></a> A la burla, dejarla quando mas agrada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_338_338" id="Footnote_338_338"></a><a href="#FNanchor_338_338"><span class="label">[338]</span></a> Jeu de mains, jeu de vilains.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_84" id="Page_84">[84]</a></span></p> -<h2>THOROUGHGOING. THE WHOLE HOG.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>In for a penny, in for a pound.</b> -</p> -<p><b>As good be hanged for a sheep as a lamb.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Ne'er go to the deil wi' a dishclout in your hand.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Over shoes, over boots.</b> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>"There is nothing like being bespattered for making -one defy the slough" (French).<a name="FNanchor_339_339" id="FNanchor_339_339"></a><a href="#Footnote_339_339" class="fnanchor">[339]</a> These proverbs are -as true in their physical as in their moral application. -Persons who have ventured a little way will venture -further. Persons whose characters are already sullied -will not be very careful to preserve them from further -discredit. When Madame de Cornuel remonstrated -with a court lady on certain improprieties of conduct, -the latter exclaimed, "Eh! madame, laissez-moi jouir -de ma mauvaise réputation" ("Do let me enjoy the -benefit of my bad reputation"). "It is the first shower -that wets" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_340_340" id="FNanchor_340_340"></a><a href="#Footnote_340_340" class="fnanchor">[340]</a> "It is all the same whether a -man has both legs in the stocks or one" (German).<a name="FNanchor_341_341" id="FNanchor_341_341"></a><a href="#Footnote_341_341" class="fnanchor">[341]</a> -Honest Launce "would have one that would be a dog -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_85" id="Page_85">[85]</a></span>indeed, to be as it were a dog in all things." The -author of <i>The Romany Rye</i> learned a practical illustration -of this whole-hog doctrine from an old ostler who -had served in his youth at a small inn at Hounslow, -much patronised by highwaymen.</p> - -<p>"He said that when a person had once made up his -mind to become a highwayman his best policy was to -go the whole hog, fearing nothing, but making everybody -afraid of him; that people never thought of resisting -a savage-faced, foul-mouthed highwayman, and if he -were taken were afraid to bear witness against him, lest -he should get off and cut their throats some time or -other upon the roads; whereas people would resist -being robbed by a sneaking, pale-visaged rascal, and -would swear bodily against him on the first opportunity; -adding that Abershaw and Ferguson, two most awful -fellows, had enjoyed a long career, whereas two disbanded -officers of the army, who wished to rob a coach -like gentlemen, had begged the passengers' pardon, -and talked of hard necessity, had been set upon by the -passengers themselves, amongst whom were three -women, pulled from their horses, conducted to Maidstone, -and hanged with as little pity as such contemptible -fellows deserved."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Neck or nothing, for the king loves no cripples.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Either break your neck or come off safe: broken -limbs will make you a less profitable subject.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Either a man or a mouse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Either succeed or fail outright. <i>Aut Cæsar, aut nullus.</i></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_86" id="Page_86">[86]</a></span> - -<b>Either win the horse or lose the saddle.</b></p> - -<p><b>Either make a spoon or spoil a horn.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that takes the devil into his boat must carry him over the sound.</b> -</p> -<p><b>He that is embarked with the devil must make the passage along with him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that is at sea must either sail or sink" (Danish). -"He that is at sea has not the wind in his hands" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_342_342" id="FNanchor_342_342"></a><a href="#Footnote_342_342" class="fnanchor">[342]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Such things must be if we sell ale.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This was the good woman's reply to her husband -when he complained of the exciseman's too demonstrative -gallantry.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>If you would have the hen's egg you must bear with her cackling.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The cat loves fish, but she is loath to wet her feet.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is to this proverb that Lady Macbeth alludes when -she upbraids her husband for his irresolution:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Letting 'I dare not' wait upon 'I would,'</div> -<div class="i0">Like the poor cat in the adage."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"There's no catching trouts with dry breeches" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_343_343" id="FNanchor_343_343"></a><a href="#Footnote_343_343" class="fnanchor">[343]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Almost and hardly save many a lie.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Perhaps hinders folk from lying" (French).<a name="FNanchor_344_344" id="FNanchor_344_344"></a><a href="#Footnote_344_344" class="fnanchor">[344]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_87" id="Page_87">[87]</a></span> - -<b>Almost was never hanged.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"All but saves many a man" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_345_345" id="FNanchor_345_345"></a><a href="#Footnote_345_345" class="fnanchor">[345]</a> "Almost -kills no man" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_346_346" id="FNanchor_346_346"></a><a href="#Footnote_346_346" class="fnanchor">[346]</a> "Almost never killed a fly" -(German);<a name="FNanchor_347_347" id="FNanchor_347_347"></a><a href="#Footnote_347_347" class="fnanchor">[347]</a> for</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>An inch of a miss is as good as a mile.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">This is the original reading of the proverb, and better -than that which is now more current: "A miss is as -good as a mile." The French say, "For a point -Martin lost his ass,"<a name="FNanchor_348_348" id="FNanchor_348_348"></a><a href="#Footnote_348_348" class="fnanchor">[348]</a> and thereby hangs a tale. An -ecclesiastic named Martin, Abbot of Asello, in Italy, -wished to have this Latin line inscribed over the gate -of the abbey:—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p>PORTA PATENS ESTO. NULLI CLAUDARIS HONESTO. -</p> -<p>"Gate be open. Never be closed against an honest man." -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">It was just the time when the long-forgotten art of -punctuation was beginning to be brought into use -again. Abbot Martin was not skilled in this art, and -unfortunately he employed a copyist to whom it was -equally unknown. The consequence was, that the -point which ought to have followed the word <i>esto</i> was -placed after <i>nulli</i>, completely changing the meaning of -the line, thus:—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p>PORTA PATENS ESTO NULLI. CLAUDARIS HONESTO. -</p> -<p>"Gate be open never. Be closed against an honest man." -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_88" id="Page_88">[88]</a></span> - -The pope, being informed of this unseemly inscription, -deposed Abbot Martin, and gave the abbey to another. -The new dignitary corrected the punctuation of the -unlucky line, and added the following one:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -UNO PRO PUNCTO CARUIT MARTINUS ASELLO. -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">That is to say, "For a single point Martin lost his -Asello." But <i>Asello</i>, the name of the abbey, being Latin -for <i>ass</i>, it happened, in the most natural way in the -world, that the line was translated thus: "For a point -Martin lost his ass," and this erroneous version passed -into a proverb. Other accounts of its origin have been -given; but that which we have here set down is confirmed -by the fact that in Italy they have also another -reading of the proverb, namely, <i>Per un punto Martino -perse la cappa</i> ("For a point Martin lost the cope"); -that is, the dignity of abbot typified in that vestment.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_339_339" id="Footnote_339_339"></a><a href="#FNanchor_339_339"><span class="label">[339]</span></a> Il n'est que d'être crotté pour affronter le bourbier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_340_340" id="Footnote_340_340"></a><a href="#FNanchor_340_340"><span class="label">[340]</span></a> La primiera pioggia è quel che bagna.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_341_341" id="Footnote_341_341"></a><a href="#FNanchor_341_341"><span class="label">[341]</span></a> Mit beiden Beinen im Stock, oder mit Einem, ist gleichviel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_342_342" id="Footnote_342_342"></a><a href="#FNanchor_342_342"><span class="label">[342]</span></a> D'e op de zee is heeft de wind niet in zijn handen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_343_343" id="Footnote_343_343"></a><a href="#FNanchor_343_343"><span class="label">[343]</span></a> Naô se tomaô trutas a bragas enxutas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_344_344" id="Footnote_344_344"></a><a href="#FNanchor_344_344"><span class="label">[344]</span></a> Peut-être empêche les gens de mentir.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_345_345" id="Footnote_345_345"></a><a href="#FNanchor_345_345"><span class="label">[345]</span></a> Nær hielper mangen Mand.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_346_346" id="Footnote_346_346"></a><a href="#FNanchor_346_346"><span class="label">[346]</span></a> Nærved slaaer ingen Mand ihiel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_347_347" id="Footnote_347_347"></a><a href="#FNanchor_347_347"><span class="label">[347]</span></a> Beinahe bringt keine Mücke um.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_348_348" id="Footnote_348_348"></a><a href="#FNanchor_348_348"><span class="label">[348]</span></a> Pour un point Martin perdit son âne.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_89" id="Page_89">[89]</a></span></p> - -<h2>WILL. INCLINATION. DESIRE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Where there's a will there's a way.</b></p> - -<p><b>A wight man ne'er wanted a weapon.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A good knight is not at a loss for a lance" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_349_349" id="FNanchor_349_349"></a><a href="#Footnote_349_349" class="fnanchor">[349]</a> -A man of sense and resolution will make instruments -of whatever comes to his hands; and truly "He is not a -good mason who refuses any stone" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_350_350" id="FNanchor_350_350"></a><a href="#Footnote_350_350" class="fnanchor">[350]</a> "He -that has a good head does not want for hats" (French).<a name="FNanchor_351_351" id="FNanchor_351_351"></a><a href="#Footnote_351_351" class="fnanchor">[351]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Where the will is ready the feet are light.</b><a name="FNanchor_352_352" id="FNanchor_352_352"></a><a href="#Footnote_352_352" class="fnanchor">[352]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The willing dancer is easily played to" (Servian).<a name="FNanchor_353_353" id="FNanchor_353_353"></a><a href="#Footnote_353_353" class="fnanchor">[353]</a> -"The will does it" (German).<a name="FNanchor_354_354" id="FNanchor_354_354"></a><a href="#Footnote_354_354" class="fnanchor">[354]</a> "A voluntary burden -is no burden" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_355_355" id="FNanchor_355_355"></a><a href="#Footnote_355_355" class="fnanchor">[355]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -"The labour we delight in physics pain." -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A joyous heart spins the hemp" (Servian); and, as -Autolycus sings,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"A merry heart goes all the day,</div> -<div class="i0">Your sad tires in a mile-a."</div></div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_90" id="Page_90">[90]</a></span> - -<b>One man may lead the horse to the water, but fifty can't make him drink.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"You cannot make an ass drink if he is not thirsty" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_356_356" id="FNanchor_356_356"></a><a href="#Footnote_356_356" class="fnanchor">[356]</a> "It is bad coursing with unwilling hounds" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_357_357" id="FNanchor_357_357"></a><a href="#Footnote_357_357" class="fnanchor">[357]</a> "A thing done perforce is not worth a rush" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_358_358" id="FNanchor_358_358"></a><a href="#Footnote_358_358" class="fnanchor">[358]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>None so deaf as he that will not hear.</b></p> - -<p><b>Nothing is impossible to a willing mind.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Madame," said M. de Calonne to a lady who solicited -his aid in a certain affair, "if the thing is possible, -it is done; and if it is impossible, it shall be -done."<a name="FNanchor_359_359" id="FNanchor_359_359"></a><a href="#Footnote_359_359" class="fnanchor">[359]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Good-will should be taken in part payment.</b></p> - -<p><b>Take the will for the deed.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>"Gifts are as the givers" (German).<a name="FNanchor_360_360" id="FNanchor_360_360"></a><a href="#Footnote_360_360" class="fnanchor">[360]</a> "The will -gives the work its name." "The will is the soul of the -work" (German).<a name="FNanchor_361_361" id="FNanchor_361_361"></a><a href="#Footnote_361_361" class="fnanchor">[361]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Hell is paved with good intentions.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A great moral conveyed in a bold figure. What is -the worth of virtuous resolutions that never ripen into -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_91" id="Page_91">[91]</a></span>action? In the German version of the proverb a slight -change greatly improves the metaphor, thus: "The -way to perdition is paved with good intentions."<a name="FNanchor_362_362" id="FNanchor_362_362"></a><a href="#Footnote_362_362" class="fnanchor">[362]</a> A -Scotch proverb warns the weak in will, who are always -hoping to reform and do well, that</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Hopers go to hell.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"><b>As the fool thinks, the bell tinks.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>We are all prone to interpret facts and tokens in -accordance with our own inclinations and habits of -thought. It was not the voice of the bells that first -inspired young Whittington with hopes of attaining -civic honours; it was because he had conceived such -hopes already that he was able to hear so distinctly the -words, "Turn again, Whittington, thrice Lord Mayor -of London." "People make the bells say whatever -they have a mind" (French).<a name="FNanchor_363_363" id="FNanchor_363_363"></a><a href="#Footnote_363_363" class="fnanchor">[363]</a> In a Latin sermon on -widowhood by Jean Raulin, a monk of Cluny of the -fifteenth century, there is a story which Rabelais has -told again in his own way. Raulin's version is this:—</p> - -<p>A widow consulted her parish priest about her -entering into a second marriage. She told him she -stood in need of a helpmate and protector, and that her -journeyman, for whom she had taken a fancy, was industrious -and well acquainted with her late husband's -trade. "Very well," said the priest, "you had better -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_92" id="Page_92">[92]</a></span>marry him." "And yet," rejoined the widow, "I am -afraid to do it, for who knows but I may find my -servant become my master?" "Well, then," said the -priest, "don't have him." "But what shall I do?" said -the widow; "the business left me by my poor dear -departed husband is more than I can manage by -myself." "Marry him, then," said the priest. "Ay, -but suppose he turns out a scamp," said the widow; -"he may get hold of my property, and run through it -all." "Don't have him," said the priest. Thus the -dialogue went on, the priest always agreeing in the last -opinion expressed by the widow, until at length, seeing -that her mind was actually made up to marry the -journeyman, he told her to consult the church bells, -and they would advise her best what to do. The bells -were rung, and the widow heard them distinctly say, -"Do take your man; do take your man."<a name="FNanchor_364_364" id="FNanchor_364_364"></a><a href="#Footnote_364_364" class="fnanchor">[364]</a> Accordingly -she went home and married him forthwith; but it was -not long before he thrashed her soundly, and made her -feel that instead of his mistress she had become his -servant. Back she went to the priest, cursing the -hour when she had been credulous enough to act upon -his advice. "Good woman," said he, "I am afraid -you did not rightly understand what the bells said to -you." He rang them again, and then the poor woman -heard clearly, but too late, these warning words: "Do -not take him, do not take him."<a name="FNanchor_365_365" id="FNanchor_365_365"></a><a href="#Footnote_365_365" class="fnanchor">[365]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_93" id="Page_93">[93]</a></span> - -<b>Wilful will do it.</b></p> - -<p><b>A wilfu' man maun hae his way.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>He that will to Cupar maun to Cupar.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>Cupar is a town in Fife, and that is all that Scotch -paræmiologists condescend to tell us about it. I suppose -there is some special reason why insisting on -going to Cupar above all other towns is a notable proof -of pig-headedness.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A wilful man never wanted woe.</b></p> - -<p><b>A wilfu' man should be unco' wise.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Since he chooses to rely on his own wisdom only.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Forbidden fruit is sweet.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Sweet is the apple when the keeper is away" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_366_366" id="FNanchor_366_366"></a><a href="#Footnote_366_366" class="fnanchor">[366]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Stolen sweets are always sweeter,</div> -<div class="i0">Stolen kisses much completer;</div> -<div class="i0">Stolen looks are nice in chapels;</div> -<div class="i0">Stolen, stolen be your apples!"</div></div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">So sings Leigh Hunt, translating from the Latin of -Thomas Randolph. The doctrine of these poets is as -old as Solomon, who says, "Stolen waters are sweet"—a -sentence thus paraphrased in German: "Forbidden -water is Malmsey."<a name="FNanchor_367_367" id="FNanchor_367_367"></a><a href="#Footnote_367_367" class="fnanchor">[367]</a> A story is told of a French -lady, say Madame du Barry, who happened once, by -some extraordinary chance, to have nothing but pure -water to drink when very thirsty. She took a deep -draught, and finding in it what the Roman emperor -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_94" id="Page_94">[94]</a></span>had sighed for in vain—a new pleasure—she cried -out, "Ah! what a pity it is that drinking water is not -a sin!"</p> - -<p>"There is no pleasure but palls, and all the more if -it costs nothing" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_368_368" id="FNanchor_368_368"></a><a href="#Footnote_368_368" class="fnanchor">[368]</a> "The sweetest grapes -hang highest" (German).<a name="FNanchor_369_369" id="FNanchor_369_369"></a><a href="#Footnote_369_369" class="fnanchor">[369]</a> "The figs on the far side -of the hedge are sweeter" (Servian). "Every fish -that escapes appears greater than it is" (Turkish). -Upon the same principle it is that what nature never -intended a man to do is often the very thing he particularly -desires to do. "A man who can't sing is -always striving to sing" (Latin);<a name="FNanchor_370_370" id="FNanchor_370_370"></a><a href="#Footnote_370_370" class="fnanchor">[370]</a> and generally "He -who can't do, always wants to do" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_371_371" id="FNanchor_371_371"></a><a href="#Footnote_371_371" class="fnanchor">[371]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Forbid a fool a thing, and that he'll do.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Of course; and so will many a one who is otherwise -no fool. What mortal man, to say nothing of women, -but would have done as Bluebeard's wife did when left -in the castle with the key of that mysterious chamber -in her hand?</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Every man has his hobby.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some men pay dearly for theirs. "Hobby horses are -more costly than Arabians" (German).<a name="FNanchor_372_372" id="FNanchor_372_372"></a><a href="#Footnote_372_372" class="fnanchor">[372]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_95" id="Page_95">[95]</a></span> - -<b>You may pay too dear for your whistle.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The origin of this saying, which has become thoroughly -proverbial, is found in the following extract -from a paper by its author, Benjamin Franklin:—"When -I was a child of seven years old my friends -on a holiday filled my pockets with coppers. I went -directly to a shop where they sold toys for children, -and being charmed with the sound of a whistle that I -met by the way in the hands of another boy, I voluntarily -offered him all my money for it. I then came -home, and went whistling all over the house, much -pleased with my whistle, but disturbing all the family. -My brothers, and sisters, and cousins, understanding -the bargain I had made, told me I had given for it four -times as much as it was worth. This put me in mind -what good things I might have bought with the rest of -the money; and they laughed at me so much for my -folly that I cried with vexation, and the reflection gave -me more chagrin than the whistle gave me pleasure. -This, however, was afterwards of use to me, the impression -continuing on my mind; so that often when -I was tempted to buy some unnecessary thing I said to -myself, 'Don't give too much for the whistle;' and so I -saved my money. As I grew up, came into the world, -and observed the actions of men, I met with many, very -many who gave too much for the whistle."</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_349_349" id="Footnote_349_349"></a><a href="#FNanchor_349_349"><span class="label">[349]</span></a> A buon cavalier non manca lancia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_350_350" id="Footnote_350_350"></a><a href="#FNanchor_350_350"><span class="label">[350]</span></a> Non è buon murator chi rifiuta pietra alcuna.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_351_351" id="Footnote_351_351"></a><a href="#FNanchor_351_351"><span class="label">[351]</span></a> Qui a bonne tête ne manque pas de chapeaux.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_352_352" id="Footnote_352_352"></a><a href="#FNanchor_352_352"><span class="label">[352]</span></a> In German, Willig Herz macht leichte Füsse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_353_353" id="Footnote_353_353"></a><a href="#FNanchor_353_353"><span class="label">[353]</span></a> Also Flemish, Het is licht genoech ghepepen die gheein -danst.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_354_354" id="Footnote_354_354"></a><a href="#FNanchor_354_354"><span class="label">[354]</span></a> Der Wille thut's.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_355_355" id="Footnote_355_355"></a><a href="#FNanchor_355_355"><span class="label">[355]</span></a> Carica volontaria non carica.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_356_356" id="Footnote_356_356"></a><a href="#FNanchor_356_356"><span class="label">[356]</span></a> On ne saurait faire boire un âne s'il n'a pas soif.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_357_357" id="Footnote_357_357"></a><a href="#FNanchor_357_357"><span class="label">[357]</span></a> Med onwillige honden is kwaad hazen vangen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_358_358" id="Footnote_358_358"></a><a href="#FNanchor_358_358"><span class="label">[358]</span></a> Cosa fatta per forza non val una scorza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_359_359" id="Footnote_359_359"></a><a href="#FNanchor_359_359"><span class="label">[359]</span></a> Madame, si la chose est possible, elle est déjà faite; et si -elle est impossible, elle se fera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_360_360" id="Footnote_360_360"></a><a href="#FNanchor_360_360"><span class="label">[360]</span></a> Die Gaben sind wie die Geber.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_361_361" id="Footnote_361_361"></a><a href="#FNanchor_361_361"><span class="label">[361]</span></a> Der Wille giebt dem Werke den Namen. Der Wille ist des -Werkes Seele.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_362_362" id="Footnote_362_362"></a><a href="#FNanchor_362_362"><span class="label">[362]</span></a> Der Weg zum Verderben <span class="err" title="original: est">ist</span> mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_363_363" id="Footnote_363_363"></a><a href="#FNanchor_363_363"><span class="label">[363]</span></a> On fait dire aux cloches tout ce qu'on veut.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_364_364" id="Footnote_364_364"></a><a href="#FNanchor_364_364"><span class="label">[364]</span></a> Prends ton valet; prends ton valet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_365_365" id="Footnote_365_365"></a><a href="#FNanchor_365_365"><span class="label">[365]</span></a> Ne le prends pas; ne le prends pas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_366_366" id="Footnote_366_366"></a><a href="#FNanchor_366_366"><span class="label">[366]</span></a> Dulce pomum quum abest custos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_367_367" id="Footnote_367_367"></a><a href="#FNanchor_367_367"><span class="label">[367]</span></a> Verbotenes Wasser ist Malvasier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_368_368" id="Footnote_368_368"></a><a href="#FNanchor_368_368"><span class="label">[368]</span></a> No hay placer que no enhade, y mas se cuesta de balde.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_369_369" id="Footnote_369_369"></a><a href="#FNanchor_369_369"><span class="label">[369]</span></a> Die süssessten Trauben hangen am höchsten.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_370_370" id="Footnote_370_370"></a><a href="#FNanchor_370_370"><span class="label">[370]</span></a> Qui nescit canere semper canere laborat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_371_371" id="Footnote_371_371"></a><a href="#FNanchor_371_371"><span class="label">[371]</span></a> Chi non puole, sempre vuole.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_372_372" id="Footnote_372_372"></a><a href="#FNanchor_372_372"><span class="label">[372]</span></a> Steckenpferde sind theuerer als arabische Hengste.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_96" id="Page_96">[96]</a></span></p> - -<h2>CUSTOM. HABIT. USE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Use will make a man live in a lion's den.</b></p> - -<p><b>Custom is second nature.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>Cicero says nearly the same thing,<a name="FNanchor_373_373" id="FNanchor_373_373"></a><a href="#Footnote_373_373" class="fnanchor">[373]</a> and the thought -has been happily amplified by Sydney Smith. "There -is no degree of disguise or distortion which human -nature may not be made to assume from habit; it -grows in every direction in which it is trained, and -accommodates itself to every circumstance which caprice -or design places in its way. It is a plant with such -various aptitudes, and such opposite propensities, that -it flourishes in a hothouse or the open air; is terrestrial -or aquatic, parasitical or independent; looks well in -exposed situations, thrives in protected ones; can bear -its own luxuriance, admits of amputation; succeeds in -perfect liberty, and can be bent down into any forms of -art; it is so flexible and ductile, so accommodating and -vivacious, that of two methods of managing it—completely -opposite—neither the one nor the other need be -considered as mistaken and bad. Not that habit can -give any new principle; but of those numerous principles -which <i>do</i> exist in our nature it entirely determines -the order and force."<a name="FNanchor_374_374" id="FNanchor_374_374"></a><a href="#Footnote_374_374" class="fnanchor">[374]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_97" id="Page_97">[97]</a></span> - -<b>Once a use and ever a custom.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Continuance becomes usage" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_375_375" id="FNanchor_375_375"></a><a href="#Footnote_375_375" class="fnanchor">[375]</a> Whatever -we do often we become more and more apt to do, -till at last the propensity to the act becomes irresistible, -though the performance of it may have ceased to give -any pleasure. In Fielding's "Life of Jonathan Wild" -the great thief is represented as playing at cards with -the Count, a professed gambler. "Such was the power -of habit over the minds of these illustrious persons, that -Mr. Wild could not keep his hands out of the Count's -pockets, though he knew they were empty; nor could -the Count abstain from palming a card, though he was -well aware Mr. Wild had no money to pay him." "To -change a habit is like death" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_376_376" id="FNanchor_376_376"></a><a href="#Footnote_376_376" class="fnanchor">[376]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Hand in use is father o' lear [learning, skill].</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Practice makes perfect.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>"By working in the smithy one becomes a smith" -(Latin, French).<a name="FNanchor_377_377" id="FNanchor_377_377"></a><a href="#Footnote_377_377" class="fnanchor">[377]</a> "Use makes the craftsman" -(Spanish, German).<a name="FNanchor_378_378" id="FNanchor_378_378"></a><a href="#Footnote_378_378" class="fnanchor">[378]</a> An emir had bought a left eye -of a glassmaker, and was vexed at finding that he could -not see with it. The man begged him to give it a little -time; he could not expect that it would see all at once -so well as the right eye, which had been for so many -years in the habit of it. We take this whimsical story -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_98" id="Page_98">[98]</a></span>from Coleridge, who does not tell us in what Oriental -Joe Miller he found it.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>No man is his craft's master the first day.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>But some people fancy themselves masters born, -like "The Portuguese apprentice, who does not know -how to sew, and wants to cut out" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_379_379" id="FNanchor_379_379"></a><a href="#Footnote_379_379" class="fnanchor">[379]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>You must spoil before you spin.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One learns by failing" (French).<a name="FNanchor_380_380" id="FNanchor_380_380"></a><a href="#Footnote_380_380" class="fnanchor">[380]</a> "He that -stumbles, if he does not fall, quickens his pace" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_381_381" id="FNanchor_381_381"></a><a href="#Footnote_381_381" class="fnanchor">[381]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Eith to learn the cat to the kirn.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, it is easy to teach the cat the way to the -churn. Bad habits are easily acquired.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A bad custom is like a good cake—better broken than kept.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>On this proverb is built, perhaps, that remark of -Hamlet's which has troubled some hypercritical commentators, -"A custom more honoured in the breach -than in the observance." An energetic Spanish proverb -counsels us to "Break the leg of a bad habit."<a name="FNanchor_382_382" id="FNanchor_382_382"></a><a href="#Footnote_382_382" class="fnanchor">[382]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>At Rome do as Rome does.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Wherever you be, do as you see" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_383_383" id="FNanchor_383_383"></a><a href="#Footnote_383_383" class="fnanchor">[383]</a> A -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_99" id="Page_99">[99]</a></span>very terse German proverb, which can only be paraphrased -in English, signifies that whatever is customary -in any country is proper and becoming there; -or, as we might say, "After the land's manner is mannerly."<a name="FNanchor_384_384" id="FNanchor_384_384"></a><a href="#Footnote_384_384" class="fnanchor">[384]</a> -The Livonians say, "In the land of the -naked people are ashamed of clothes." "So many -countries, so many customs" (French).<a name="FNanchor_385_385" id="FNanchor_385_385"></a><a href="#Footnote_385_385" class="fnanchor">[385]</a> In a Palais -Royal farce a captain's wife is deploring her husband, -who has been eaten by the Caffres. Her servant observes, -by way of consolation, <i>Mais, madame, que voulez-vous? -Chaque peuple a ses usages</i> ("Well, well, ma'am, -after all, every people has its own manners and customs").</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Tell me the company you keep, and I'll tell you what you are.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Tell me with whom thou goest, and I'll tell thee what thou doest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that lives with cripples learns to limp" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_386_386" id="FNanchor_386_386"></a><a href="#Footnote_386_386" class="fnanchor">[386]</a> "He that goes with wolves learns to howl" -(Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_387_387" id="FNanchor_387_387"></a><a href="#Footnote_387_387" class="fnanchor">[387]</a> and "He that lies down with dogs gets up -with fleas" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_388_388" id="FNanchor_388_388"></a><a href="#Footnote_388_388" class="fnanchor">[388]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>As good be out of the world as out of the fashion.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Mrs. Hutchinson tells us that, although her husband -acted with the Puritan party, they would not allow him -to be religious because his hair was not in their cut. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_100" id="Page_100">[100]</a></span>The world will more readily forgive a breach of all the -Ten Commandments than a violation of one of its own -conventional rules. "Fools invent fashions, and wise -men follow them" (French).<a name="FNanchor_389_389" id="FNanchor_389_389"></a><a href="#Footnote_389_389" class="fnanchor">[389]</a> "Better be mad with -all the world than wise alone" (French).<a name="FNanchor_390_390" id="FNanchor_390_390"></a><a href="#Footnote_390_390" class="fnanchor">[390]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The used key is always bright.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"'If I rest, I rust,' it says" (German).<a name="FNanchor_391_391" id="FNanchor_391_391"></a><a href="#Footnote_391_391" class="fnanchor">[391]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Drawn wells have sweetest water</b>; -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">but</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Standing pools gather filth.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Drawn wells are seldom dry.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_373_373" id="Footnote_373_373"></a><a href="#FNanchor_373_373"><span class="label">[373]</span></a> Ferme in naturam consuetudo vestitur.—(<i>De Invent.</i> i. 2.)</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_374_374" id="Footnote_374_374"></a><a href="#FNanchor_374_374"><span class="label">[374]</span></a> "Lectures on Moral Philosophy."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_375_375" id="Footnote_375_375"></a><a href="#FNanchor_375_375"><span class="label">[375]</span></a> Continuanza diventa usanza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_376_376" id="Footnote_376_376"></a><a href="#FNanchor_376_376"><span class="label">[376]</span></a> Mudar costumbre a par de muerte.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_377_377" id="Footnote_377_377"></a><a href="#FNanchor_377_377"><span class="label">[377]</span></a> Fabricando fit faber. En forgeant on devient forgeron.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_378_378" id="Footnote_378_378"></a><a href="#FNanchor_378_378"><span class="label">[378]</span></a> El usar saca oficial. Uebung macht den Meister.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_379_379" id="Footnote_379_379"></a><a href="#FNanchor_379_379"><span class="label">[379]</span></a> Aprendiz de Portugal, no sabe cozer y quiere cortar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_380_380" id="Footnote_380_380"></a><a href="#FNanchor_380_380"><span class="label">[380]</span></a> On apprend en faillant.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_381_381" id="Footnote_381_381"></a><a href="#FNanchor_381_381"><span class="label">[381]</span></a> Quien estropieça, si no cae, el camino adelanta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_382_382" id="Footnote_382_382"></a><a href="#FNanchor_382_382"><span class="label">[382]</span></a> A mal costumbre, quebrarle la pierna.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_383_383" id="Footnote_383_383"></a><a href="#FNanchor_383_383"><span class="label">[383]</span></a> Por donde fueres, haz como vieres.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_384_384" id="Footnote_384_384"></a><a href="#FNanchor_384_384"><span class="label">[384]</span></a> Ländlich, sittlich.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_385_385" id="Footnote_385_385"></a><a href="#FNanchor_385_385"><span class="label">[385]</span></a> Tant de pays, tant de guises.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_386_386" id="Footnote_386_386"></a><a href="#FNanchor_386_386"><span class="label">[386]</span></a> Die bij kreupelen woont, leert hinken.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_387_387" id="Footnote_387_387"></a><a href="#FNanchor_387_387"><span class="label">[387]</span></a> Quien con lobos anda, á aullar se enseña.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_388_388" id="Footnote_388_388"></a><a href="#FNanchor_388_388"><span class="label">[388]</span></a> Quien con perros se echa, con pulgas se levanta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_389_389" id="Footnote_389_389"></a><a href="#FNanchor_389_389"><span class="label">[389]</span></a> Les fous inventent les modes, et les sages les suivent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_390_390" id="Footnote_390_390"></a><a href="#FNanchor_390_390"><span class="label">[390]</span></a> Il vaut mieux être fou avec tous que sage tout seul.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_391_391" id="Footnote_391_391"></a><a href="#FNanchor_391_391"><span class="label">[391]</span></a> Rast ich, so rost ich, sagt der Schlüssel.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_101" id="Page_101">[101]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SELF-CONCEIT. SPURIOUS PRETENSIONS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>How we apples swim!</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>So said the horsedung as it floated down the stream -along with fruit.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>"We hounds slew the hare," quoth the messan [lapdog].</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"They came to shoe the horses of the pacha; the -beetle then stretched out its leg" (Arab). We read -in the Talmud that "All kinds of wood burn silently -except thorns, which crackle and call out, 'We, too, -are wood.'" "It was prettily devised of Æsop," says -Lord Bacon; "the fly sat upon the axle of the -chariot, and said, 'What a dust do I raise!'"</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A' Stuarts are no sib to the king.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, not all who bear that name belong to the royal -race of Stuarts. "There are fagots and fagots,"<a name="FNanchor_392_392" id="FNanchor_392_392"></a><a href="#Footnote_392_392" class="fnanchor">[392]</a> as -Molière says. "It is some way from Peter to Peter" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_393_393" id="FNanchor_393_393"></a><a href="#Footnote_393_393" class="fnanchor">[393]</a> Great is the difference between the terrible -lion of the Atlas and the Cape lion, the most currish -of enemies; but the distinction is not always borne in -mind by the readers of hunting adventures in Africa. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_102" id="Page_102">[102]</a></span>The traditional name of lion beguiles the imagination -of the unwary. In like manner some people think -that</p> - -<blockquote> -<p>"A book's a book, although there's nothing in it."</p> - -<p class="p2"><b>Every ass thinks himself worthy to stand with the king's horses.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>But asses deceive themselves. "He that is a -donkey, and believes himself a deer, finds out his -mistake at the leaping of the ditch" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_394_394" id="FNanchor_394_394"></a><a href="#Footnote_394_394" class="fnanchor">[394]</a> -"Doctor Luther's shoes will not fit every village -priest" (German).<a name="FNanchor_395_395" id="FNanchor_395_395"></a><a href="#Footnote_395_395" class="fnanchor">[395]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Many talk of Robin Hood that never shot in his bow.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Like Justice Shallow, who "talks," says Falstaff, -"as familiarly of John of Gaunt as if he had been -sworn brother to him; and I'll be sworn he never saw -him but once in the tiltyard, and then he burst -his head for crowding among the marshal's men." -Southey, in his "Omniana," has applied this proverb -to that numerous class of literary pretenders who -quote and criticise flippantly works known to them only -at second-hand. A conspicuous living example of this -class is M. Ponsard, who, on the occasion of his -reception into the French Academy, discoursed about -Shakspeare, and talked of him as "the divine -<span class="smcap">Williams</span>," by way of evincing his proficiency in the -language of the great dramatist whose works he -disparaged.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_103" id="Page_103">[103]</a></span> - -<b>The man on the dyke is always the best hurler.</b>—<i>Munster.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The looker-on is quite sure he could do better than -the actual players. In Connaught, which is as -renowned for its neck-or-nothing riders as Munster is -for its vigorous hurlers, they have this parallel saying,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The best horseman is always on his feet.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">In the same sense the Dutch aver that "The best -pilots stand on shore."<a name="FNanchor_396_396" id="FNanchor_396_396"></a><a href="#Footnote_396_396" class="fnanchor">[396]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>In a calm sea every man is a pilot.</b></p> - -<p><b>Every man can tame a shrew but he that hath her.</b></p> - -<p><b>Bachelors' wives and maids' children are always well taught.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that has no wife chastises her well; he that -has no children rears them well" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_397_397" id="FNanchor_397_397"></a><a href="#Footnote_397_397" class="fnanchor">[397]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>I ask your pardon, coach; I thought you were a wheelbarrow when -I stumbled over you.</b>—<i>Irish.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An ironical apology for offence given to overweening -vanity or pride.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The pride of the cobbler's dog, that took the wall of a wagon of hay, -and was squeezed to death.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_392_392" id="Footnote_392_392"></a><a href="#FNanchor_392_392"><span class="label">[392]</span></a> Il y a fagots et fagots.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_393_393" id="Footnote_393_393"></a><a href="#FNanchor_393_393"><span class="label">[393]</span></a> Algo va de Pedro a Pedro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_394_394" id="Footnote_394_394"></a><a href="#FNanchor_394_394"><span class="label">[394]</span></a> Chi asino è, e cervo si crede, al salto del fosso se ne avvede.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_395_395" id="Footnote_395_395"></a><a href="#FNanchor_395_395"><span class="label">[395]</span></a> Doctor Luthers Schuhe sind nicht allen Dorfpriestern -gerecht.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_396_396" id="Footnote_396_396"></a><a href="#FNanchor_396_396"><span class="label">[396]</span></a> De beste stuurlieden staan aan land.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_397_397" id="Footnote_397_397"></a><a href="#FNanchor_397_397"><span class="label">[397]</span></a> Chi non ha moglie, hen la batte; chi non ha figliuoli, ben -gli pasce.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_104" id="Page_104">[104]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SELF-LOVE. SELF-INTEREST. SELF-RELIANCE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p class="center"> -<b>Charity begins at home.</b> -</p> </blockquote> - -<p>This is literally true in the most exalted sense. The -best of men are those</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"Whose circling charities begin</div> -<div class="i0">With the few loved ones Heaven has placed them near,</div> -<div class="i0">Nor cease till all mankind are in their sphere."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">It is only in irony, or by an odious abuse of its -meaning, that the proverb is ever used as an apology -for that sort of charity which not only begins at home, -but ends there likewise. The egotist holds that "Self -is the first object of charity" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_398_398" id="FNanchor_398_398"></a><a href="#Footnote_398_398" class="fnanchor">[398]</a> "Every one has -his hands turned towards himself" (Polish).</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>The priest christens his own child first.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Every man draws the water to his own mill.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Every cow licks her own calf." "Every old woman -blows under her own kettle" (both Servian). "Every -one rakes the embers to his own cake" (Arab).</p> -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_105" id="Page_105">[105]</a></span> - -<b>Every one for himself, and God for us all.</b></p> - -<p><b>Let every tub stand on its own bottom.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Let every sheep hang by its own shank.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Let every herring hang by its own gills.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Ilka man for his ain hand, as John Jelly fought.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>James Kelly gives this explanation of the last -proverb: "As two men were fighting, John Jelly, -going by, made up fiercely to them. Each of them -asked him which he was for: he answered for his own -hand, and beat them both." Sir Walter Scott puts -aside John Jelly's claims to the authorship of this -saying, and assigns it to Harry Smith in the following -passage of "The Fair Maid of Perth." After the -fight between the clans at the North Inch, Black -Douglas says to the smith,—</p> - -<p>"'If thou wilt follow me, good fellow, I will change -thy leathern apron for a knight's girdle, thy burgage -tenement for an hundred-pound-land to maintain thy -rank withal.'</p> - -<p>"'I thank you humbly, my lord,' said the smith -dejectedly, 'but I have shed blood enough already; -and Heaven has punished me by foiling the only -purpose for which I entered the contest.'</p> - -<p>"'How, friend?' said Douglas. 'Didst thou not -fight for the Clan Chattan, and have they not gained a -glorious conquest?'</p> - -<p>"'I fought for my own hand,' said the smith indifferently; -and the expression is still proverbial in -Scotland—meaning, 'I did such a thing for my own -pleasure, not for your profit.'"</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_106" id="Page_106">[106]</a></span> - -<b>Let every man skin his own skunk.</b>—<i>American.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The skunk stinks ten thousand times worse than a -polecat. "Let every one carry his own sack to the -mill" (German).<a name="FNanchor_399_399" id="FNanchor_399_399"></a><a href="#Footnote_399_399" class="fnanchor">[399]</a> "Let every fox take care of his own -tail" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_400_400" id="FNanchor_400_400"></a><a href="#Footnote_400_400" class="fnanchor">[400]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="center"> -<b>Self do, self have.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Analogous to this manly proverb, as it seems to me, -is that Dutch one, "Self's the man."<a name="FNanchor_401_401" id="FNanchor_401_401"></a><a href="#Footnote_401_401" class="fnanchor">[401]</a> which Dean -Trench has stigmatised as merely selfish.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The tod [fox] ne'er sped better than when he went his ain errand.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>The miller ne'er got better moulter [toll] than he took wi' his ain hands.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>If you would have your business done, go; if not, send.</b> -</p> -<p><b>If you would have a thing well done, do it yourself.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Ilka man's man had a man, and that made the Treve fa'.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The Treve was a strong castle built by Black -Douglas. The governor left the care of it to a deputy, -and he to an under-deputy, through whose negligence -the castle was taken and burned. "The master bids -the man, and the man bids the cat, and the cat bids -its tail" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_402_402" id="FNanchor_402_402"></a><a href="#Footnote_402_402" class="fnanchor">[402]</a> General Sir Charles Napier, -speaking of what happened during his temporary -absence from the government of Corfu, says, "How -entirely all things depend on the mode of executing -them, and how ridiculous mere theories are! My -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_107" id="Page_107">[107]</a></span>successor thought, as half the world always thinks, that -a man in command has only to order, and obedience -will follow. Hence they are baffled, not from want of -talent, but from inactivity, vainly thinking that while -they spare themselves every one under them will work -like horses."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Trust not to another for what you can do yourself.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Let him that has a mouth not say to another, -Blow" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_403_403" id="FNanchor_403_403"></a><a href="#Footnote_403_403" class="fnanchor">[403]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The master's eye will do more work than both his hands.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"If you have money to throw away, set on workmen -and don't stand by" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_404_404" id="FNanchor_404_404"></a><a href="#Footnote_404_404" class="fnanchor">[404]</a> for</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When the cat's away the mice will play.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The eye of the master fattens the steed.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The master's eye puts mate on the horse's bones.</b>—<i>Ulster.</i> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>"The answers of Perses and Libys are worth -observing," says Aristotle. "The former being asked -what was the best thing to make a horse fat, answered, -'The master's eye;' the other being asked what was the -best manure, answered, 'The master's footsteps.'" The -Spaniards have naturalised this last saying among -them.<a name="FNanchor_405_405" id="FNanchor_405_405"></a><a href="#Footnote_405_405" class="fnanchor">[405]</a> Aulus Gellius tells a story of a man who, being -asked why he was so fat, and the horse he rode was so -lean, replied, "Because I feed myself, and my servant -feeds my horse."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_108" id="Page_108">[108]</a></span> - -<b>He that owns the cow goes nearest her tail.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>Let him that owns the cow take her by the tail.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>In some districts formerly the cattle used to suffer -greatly from want of food in winter and the early -months of spring, before the grass had begun to grow. -Sometimes a cow would become so weak from inanition -as to be unable to rise if she once lay down. In that -case it was necessary to lift her up by means of ropes -passed under her, and, above all, by pulling at her tail. -This part of the job being the most important, was -naturally undertaken by the owner of the animal.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>A man is a lion in his own cause.</b></p> - -<p><b>No man cries stinking fish.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>On the contrary, every man tries to set off his wares to -the best advantage, to make the most of his own case, -&c. "Every one says, 'I have right on my side'" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_406_406" id="FNanchor_406_406"></a><a href="#Footnote_406_406" class="fnanchor">[406]</a> Æsop's currier maintained that for fortifying -a town there was "nothing like leather." "Every -potter praises his pot, and all the more if it is cracked" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_407_407" id="FNanchor_407_407"></a><a href="#Footnote_407_407" class="fnanchor">[407]</a> "'Tis a mad priest who blasphemes his -relics" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_408_408" id="FNanchor_408_408"></a><a href="#Footnote_408_408" class="fnanchor">[408]</a> "Ask the host if he has good wine" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_409_409" id="FNanchor_409_409"></a><a href="#Footnote_409_409" class="fnanchor">[409]</a> One canny Scot compliments another with -the remark,—</p> - -<blockquote><p class="center"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_109" id="Page_109">[109]</a></span> - -<b>Ye'll no sell your hens on a rainy day;</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">for then the drenched feathers, sticking close to the skin, -give the poor things a lean and miserable appearance.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>It is an ill bird that fouls its own nest.</b> -</p> -<p><b>He was scant o' news that tauld his feyther was hangit.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>They're scarce of news that speak ill of their mother.</b>—<i>Ulster.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Why wantonly proclaim one's own disgrace, or expose -the faults or weaknesses of one's kindred or people? -"If you have lost your nose put your hand before the -place" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_410_410" id="FNanchor_410_410"></a><a href="#Footnote_410_410" class="fnanchor">[410]</a> Napoleon I. used to say, "People -should wash their foul linen in private." It is a necessary -process, but there is no need to obtrude it on -public notice. English writers often quote this maxim -of the great emperor, but always mistranslate it. <i>Il -faut laver son linge sale en famille</i> is one of those -idiomatic phrases which cannot be perfectly rendered in -another tongue. Our version of it comes near to its -meaning, which is quite lost in that which is commonly -given, "People should wash their foul linen at home." -The point of the proverb lies in the privacy it enjoins, -and this might equally be secured whether the linen -was washed at home or sent away to the laundress's. -<i>En famille</i> and <i>at home</i> are not mutually equivalent; -the former means more than the latter. We may say -of a man who entertains a large dinner party in his own -house, that he dines at home, but not that he dines <i>en -famille</i>.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_110" id="Page_110">[110]</a></span> - -<b>No one knows where the shoe pinches so well as he that wears it.</b></p> - -<p><b>I wot weel where my ain shoe binds me.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Erskine used to say that when the hour came that all -secrets should be revealed we should know the reason -why—shoes are always too tight. The authorship of this -proverb is commonly ascribed to Æmilius Paulus; but -the story told by Plutarch leaves it doubtful whether -Æmilius used a known illustration or invented one. -The relations of his wife remonstrated with him on his -determination to repudiate her, she being an honourable -matron, against whom no fault could be alleged. -Æmilius admitted the lady's worth; but, pointing to -one of his shoes, he asked the remonstrants what they -thought of it. They thought it a handsome, well-fitting -shoe. "But none of you," he rejoined, "can tell where -it pinches me."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The heart knoweth its own bitterness.</b>—<i>Solomon.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"To every one his own cross seems heaviest" -(Italian);<a name="FNanchor_411_411" id="FNanchor_411_411"></a><a href="#Footnote_411_411" class="fnanchor">[411]</a> but "The burden is light on the shoulders -of another" (Russian); and "One does not feel three -hundred blows on another's back" (Servian). "Another's -care hangs by a hair" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_412_412" id="FNanchor_412_412"></a><a href="#Footnote_412_412" class="fnanchor">[412]</a> "Another's -woe is a dream" (French).<a name="FNanchor_413_413" id="FNanchor_413_413"></a><a href="#Footnote_413_413" class="fnanchor">[413]</a> Rochefoucauld has had -the credit of saying, "We all have fortitude enough to -endure the woes of others;" but it is plain from this -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_111" id="Page_111">[111]</a></span>and other examples that he was not the sole author of -"Rochefoucauld's Maxims."</p> - -<blockquote><p class="center p2"> -<b>"The case is altered," quoth Plowden.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Edmund Plowden, an eminent lawyer in Queen -Elizabeth's time, was asked by a neighbour what -remedy there was in law against the owner of some -hogs that had trespassed on the inquirer's ground. -Plowden answered he might have very good remedy. -"Marry, then," said the other, "the hogs are your -own." "Nay, then, neighbour, the case is altered," -quoth Plowden. Others, says Ray, with more probability -make this the original of the proverb:—"Plowden -being a Roman Catholic, some neighbours -of his who bare him no good-will, intending to entrap -him and bring him under the lash of the law, had taken -care to dress up an altar in a certain place, and provided -a layman in a priest's habit, who should say mass -there at such a time. And, withal, notice thereof was -given privately to Mr. Plowden, who thereupon went -and was present at the mass. For this he was presently -accused and indicted. He at first stands upon his -defence, and would not acknowledge the thing. Witnesses -are produced, and among the rest one who -deposed that he himself performed the mass, and saw -Mr. Plowden there. Saith Plowden to him, 'Art thou -a priest, then?' The fellow replied, 'No.' 'Why, then, -gentlemen,' quoth he, 'the case is altered: no priest, -no mass,' which came to be a proverb, and continues still<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_112" id="Page_112">[112]</a></span> -in Shropshire with this addition—'The case is altered,' -quoth Plowden: 'no priest, no mass.'"</p> - -<blockquote><p class="center p2"> -<b>That's Hackerton's cow.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is a proverb of the Scotch, and they tell a story -about it similar to the first of the two above related of -Plowden. Hackerton was a lawyer, whose cow had -gored a neighbour's ox. The man told him the reverse. -"Why, then," said Hackerton, "your ox must go for -my heifer—the law provides that." "No," said the -man, "your cow killed my ox." "The case alters -there," said Hackerton. Many a one exclaims in secret -with the Spaniard, "Justice, but not brought home to -myself!"<a name="FNanchor_414_414" id="FNanchor_414_414"></a><a href="#Footnote_414_414" class="fnanchor">[414]</a> "Nobody likes that" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_415_415" id="FNanchor_415_415"></a><a href="#Footnote_415_415" class="fnanchor">[415]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="center p2"> -<b>Close sits my shirt, but closer my skin.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, I love my friends well, but myself better; -or, my body is dearer to me than my goods.</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2 center"> -<b>Near is my petticoat, but nearer is my smock.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some friends are nearer to me than others. There -are many proverbs in various languages similar to the -last two in meaning and in form, but with different -terms of comparison. They are all modelled upon the -Latin adage, "The tunic is nearer than the frock."<a name="FNanchor_416_416" id="FNanchor_416_416"></a><a href="#Footnote_416_416" class="fnanchor">[416]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_398_398" id="Footnote_398_398"></a><a href="#FNanchor_398_398"><span class="label">[398]</span></a> Prima sibi charitas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_399_399" id="Footnote_399_399"></a><a href="#FNanchor_399_399"><span class="label">[399]</span></a> Trage Jeder seinem Sack zur Mülle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_400_400" id="Footnote_400_400"></a><a href="#FNanchor_400_400"><span class="label">[400]</span></a> Ogni volpe habbia cura della sua coda.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_401_401" id="Footnote_401_401"></a><a href="#FNanchor_401_401"><span class="label">[401]</span></a> Zelf is de Man.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_402_402" id="Footnote_402_402"></a><a href="#FNanchor_402_402"><span class="label">[402]</span></a> Manda o amo ao moço, o moço ao gato, e o gato ao rabo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_403_403" id="Footnote_403_403"></a><a href="#FNanchor_403_403"><span class="label">[403]</span></a> Quien tiene boca no diga á otro, sopla.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_404_404" id="Footnote_404_404"></a><a href="#FNanchor_404_404"><span class="label">[404]</span></a> Chi ha quattrini a buttar via, metti operaji, e non vi stia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_405_405" id="Footnote_405_405"></a><a href="#FNanchor_405_405"><span class="label">[405]</span></a> El pie del dueño estiercol para la heredad.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_406_406" id="Footnote_406_406"></a><a href="#FNanchor_406_406"><span class="label">[406]</span></a> Chacun dit, "J'ai bon droit."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_407_407" id="Footnote_407_407"></a><a href="#FNanchor_407_407"><span class="label">[407]</span></a> Cada ollero su olla alaba, y mas el que la tiene quebrada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_408_408" id="Footnote_408_408"></a><a href="#FNanchor_408_408"><span class="label">[408]</span></a> Matto è quel prete chi bestemma le sue reliquie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_409_409" id="Footnote_409_409"></a><a href="#FNanchor_409_409"><span class="label">[409]</span></a> Dimanda al hosto s'egli ha buon vino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_410_410" id="Footnote_410_410"></a><a href="#FNanchor_410_410"><span class="label">[410]</span></a> Se tu hai meno il naso, ponviti una mano.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_411_411" id="Footnote_411_411"></a><a href="#FNanchor_411_411"><span class="label">[411]</span></a> Ad ognuno par più grave la croce sua.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_412_412" id="Footnote_412_412"></a><a href="#FNanchor_412_412"><span class="label">[412]</span></a> Cuidado ageno de pelo cuelga.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_413_413" id="Footnote_413_413"></a><a href="#FNanchor_413_413"><span class="label">[413]</span></a> Mal d'autrui n'est que songe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_414_414" id="Footnote_414_414"></a><a href="#FNanchor_414_414"><span class="label">[414]</span></a> Justicia, mas no por mi casa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_415_415" id="Footnote_415_415"></a><a href="#FNanchor_415_415"><span class="label">[415]</span></a> A nessuno piace la giustizia a casa sua.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_416_416" id="Footnote_416_416"></a><a href="#FNanchor_416_416"><span class="label">[416]</span></a> Tunica pallio propior.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_113" id="Page_113">[113]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SELFISHNESS IN GIVING. SPURIOUS -BENEVOLENCE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote class="interlinear"><p><b>Throw in a sprat to catch a salmon.</b> -</p> -<p><b>To give an apple where there is an orchard.</b> -</p> - -<div><b>The hen's egg aft gaes to the ha'</b></div> -<div><b>To bring the guse's egg awa'.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>"He gives an egg to get a chicken" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_417_417" id="FNanchor_417_417"></a><a href="#Footnote_417_417" class="fnanchor">[417]</a> -"Giving is fishing" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_418_418" id="FNanchor_418_418"></a><a href="#Footnote_418_418" class="fnanchor">[418]</a> "To one who has a -pie in the oven you may give a bit of your cake" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_419_419" id="FNanchor_419_419"></a><a href="#Footnote_419_419" class="fnanchor">[419]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Have a horse of thine own, and thou may'st borrow another's.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"People don't give black-puddings to one who kills -no pigs" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_420_420" id="FNanchor_420_420"></a><a href="#Footnote_420_420" class="fnanchor">[420]</a> In Spain it is usual, when a pig -is killed at home, to make black-puddings, and give -some of them to one's neighbours. There is thrift in -this; for black-puddings will not keep long in that -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_114" id="Page_114">[114]</a></span>climate, and each man generally makes more than -enough for his own consumption. "People lend only -to the rich" (French).<a name="FNanchor_421_421" id="FNanchor_421_421"></a><a href="#Footnote_421_421" class="fnanchor">[421]</a> "People give to the rich, and -take from the poor" (German).<a name="FNanchor_422_422" id="FNanchor_422_422"></a><a href="#Footnote_422_422" class="fnanchor">[422]</a> "He that eats capon -gets capon" (French).<a name="FNanchor_423_423" id="FNanchor_423_423"></a><a href="#Footnote_423_423" class="fnanchor">[423]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="center"><b>He that has a goose will get a goose.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"><b>When the child is christened you may have godfathers enough.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>Offers of service abound when a man no longer needs -them. "When our daughter is married sons-in-law -turn up" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_424_424" id="FNanchor_424_424"></a><a href="#Footnote_424_424" class="fnanchor">[424]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>When I am dead make me caudle.</b> -</p> -<p><b>When Tom's pitcher is broken I shall get the sherds.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Tom's generosity is like the charity of the Abbot of -Bamba, who "Gives away for the good of his soul what -he can't eat" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_425_425" id="FNanchor_425_425"></a><a href="#Footnote_425_425" class="fnanchor">[425]</a> The dying bequest of another -worthy of the same nation is proverbial. One of -his cows had strayed away and been long missing. -His last orders were, that if this cow were found it -should be for his children; if otherwise, it should be -for God. Hence the proverb, "Let that which is lost -be for God."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_115" id="Page_115">[115]</a></span> - -<b>They are free of fruit that want an orchard.</b></p> - -<p><b>They are aye gudewilly o' their horse that hae nane.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Their good-natured willingness to lend it is remarkable. -"No one is so open-handed as he who has -nothing to give" (French).<a name="FNanchor_426_426" id="FNanchor_426_426"></a><a href="#Footnote_426_426" class="fnanchor">[426]</a> "He that cannot is always -willing" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_427_427" id="FNanchor_427_427"></a><a href="#Footnote_427_427" class="fnanchor">[427]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>Hens are free o' horse corn.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>People are apt to be very liberal of what does not -belong to them. "Broad thongs are cut from other -men's leather" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_428_428" id="FNanchor_428_428"></a><a href="#Footnote_428_428" class="fnanchor">[428]</a> "Of my gossip's loaf a large -slice for my godson" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_429_429" id="FNanchor_429_429"></a><a href="#Footnote_429_429" class="fnanchor">[429]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>Steal the goose, and give the giblets in alms.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Steal the pig, and give away the pettitoes for God's -sake" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_430_430" id="FNanchor_430_430"></a><a href="#Footnote_430_430" class="fnanchor">[430]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_417_417" id="Footnote_417_417"></a><a href="#FNanchor_417_417"><span class="label">[417]</span></a> Hij geeft een ei, om een kucken te krijgen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_418_418" id="Footnote_418_418"></a><a href="#FNanchor_418_418"><span class="label">[418]</span></a> Donare si chiama pescare.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_419_419" id="Footnote_419_419"></a><a href="#FNanchor_419_419"><span class="label">[419]</span></a> À celui qui a son pâté au four, on peut donner de son -gateau.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_420_420" id="Footnote_420_420"></a><a href="#FNanchor_420_420"><span class="label">[420]</span></a> A quien no mata puerco, no le dan morcilla.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_421_421" id="Footnote_421_421"></a><a href="#FNanchor_421_421"><span class="label">[421]</span></a> On ne prête qu'aux riches.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_422_422" id="Footnote_422_422"></a><a href="#FNanchor_422_422"><span class="label">[422]</span></a> Reichen giebt man, Armen nimmt man.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_423_423" id="Footnote_423_423"></a><a href="#FNanchor_423_423"><span class="label">[423]</span></a> Qui chapon mange, chapon lui vient.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_424_424" id="Footnote_424_424"></a><a href="#FNanchor_424_424"><span class="label">[424]</span></a> A hija casada salen nos yernos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_425_425" id="Footnote_425_425"></a><a href="#FNanchor_425_425"><span class="label">[425]</span></a> El abad de Bamba, lo que no puede comer, da lo por su -alma.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_426_426" id="Footnote_426_426"></a><a href="#FNanchor_426_426"><span class="label">[426]</span></a> Nul n'est si large que celui qui n'a rien à donner.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_427_427" id="Footnote_427_427"></a><a href="#FNanchor_427_427"><span class="label">[427]</span></a> Chi non puole, sempre vuole.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_428_428" id="Footnote_428_428"></a><a href="#FNanchor_428_428"><span class="label">[428]</span></a> Ex alieno tergore lata secantur lora.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_429_429" id="Footnote_429_429"></a><a href="#FNanchor_429_429"><span class="label">[429]</span></a> Del pan de mi compadre buen zatico á mi ahijado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_430_430" id="Footnote_430_430"></a><a href="#FNanchor_430_430"><span class="label">[430]</span></a> Hurtar el puerco, y dar los pies por Dios.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_116" id="Page_116">[116]</a></span></p> - -<h2>INGRATITUDE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Save a thief from the gallows, and he will be the first to cut your -throat.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The galley-slaves whom Don Quixote rescued repaid -the favour by pelting him and his squire with stones, -and stealing Sancho's ass. The French have two -parallels for the English proverb. "Take a churl from -the gibbet, and he will put you on it;"<a name="FNanchor_431_431" id="FNanchor_431_431"></a><a href="#Footnote_431_431" class="fnanchor">[431]</a> and, "Unhang -one that is hanged, and he will hang thee."<a name="FNanchor_432_432" id="FNanchor_432_432"></a><a href="#Footnote_432_432" class="fnanchor">[432]</a> Observe -the comprehensiveness of this second proposition: it -seems to embody an old superstition not yet quite -extinct, for it warns us against the danger of rescuing -<i>any</i> man from the rope, no matter how he may have -come to have his neck in the noose. An incident -curiously illustrative of this doctrine was thus narrated -in a Belgian newspaper, the <i>Constitutionnel</i> of Mons, of -July 4th, 1856:—</p> - -<p>"The day before yesterday a man hanged himself at -Wasmes. Another man chanced to come upon him -before life was extinct, and cut him down in a state of -insensibility. Presently up came some women, who -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_117" id="Page_117">[117]</a></span>clamorously protested against the rashness, not of the -would-be suicide, but of his rescuer, and assured the -latter that his only chance of escaping the dangers to -which his imprudent humanity exposed him was to -hang the poor wretch up again. The man was so -alarmed that he was actually proceeding to do as they -advised him, when fortunately the burgomaster arrived -just in time to prevent that act of barbarous stupidity."</p> - -<p>This incident will at once remind the reader of the -wreck scene in <i>The Pirate</i>. Mordaunt Merton is -hastening to save Cleveland, when Bryce Snailsfoot -thus remonstrates with him:—"Are you mad? You -that have lived sae lang in Zetland to risk the saving -of a drowning man? Wot ye not, if you bring him to -life again, he will be sure to do you some capital -injury?"</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Put a snake in your bosom, and when it is warm it will sting you.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Bring up a raven, and it will peck out your eyes" -(Spanish, German).<a name="FNanchor_433_433" id="FNanchor_433_433"></a><a href="#Footnote_433_433" class="fnanchor">[433]</a> "Do good to a knave, and pray -God he requite thee not" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_434_434" id="FNanchor_434_434"></a><a href="#Footnote_434_434" class="fnanchor">[434]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>I taught you to swim, and now you'd drown me.</b> -</p> -<p class="p2"><b>A's tint that's put into a riven dish.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>All is lost that is put into a broken dish, or that is -bestowed upon a thankless person. The Arabs say, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_118" id="Page_118">[118]</a></span>"Eat the present, and break the dish" (in which it was -brought). The dish will otherwise remind you of the -obligation.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Eaten bread is soon forgotten.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A favour to come is better than a hundred received" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_435_435" id="FNanchor_435_435"></a><a href="#Footnote_435_435" class="fnanchor">[435]</a> Who was it that first defined -gratitude as a lively sense of future favours? "When -I confer a favour," said Louis XIV., "I make one -ingrate and a hundred malcontents."</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_431_431" id="Footnote_431_431"></a><a href="#FNanchor_431_431"><span class="label">[431]</span></a> Ôtez un vilain du gibet, il vous y mettra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_432_432" id="Footnote_432_432"></a><a href="#FNanchor_432_432"><span class="label">[432]</span></a> Dépends le pendard, il te pendra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_433_433" id="Footnote_433_433"></a><a href="#FNanchor_433_433"><span class="label">[433]</span></a> Cria el cuervo, y sacarte ha los ojos. Erziehst du dir einen -Raben, so wird er dir die Augen ausgraben.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_434_434" id="Footnote_434_434"></a><a href="#FNanchor_434_434"><span class="label">[434]</span></a> Giör vel imod en Skalk, og bed til Gud han lönner dig ikke.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_435_435" id="Footnote_435_435"></a><a href="#FNanchor_435_435"><span class="label">[435]</span></a> Val più un piacere da farsi, che cento di quelli fatti.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_119" id="Page_119">[119]</a></span></p> - -<h2>THE MOTE AND THE BEAM.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>In Timbs's "Things not Generally Known" it is -related that, "In the reign of James I., the Scotch -adventurers who came over with that monarch were -greatly annoyed by persons breaking the windows of -their houses; and among the instigators was Buckingham, -the court favourite, who lived in a large house in -St. Martin's Fields, which, from the great number of -windows, was termed the Glass House. Now, the -Scotchmen, in retaliation, broke the windows of Buckingham's -mansion. The courtier complained to the -king, to whom the Scotchmen had previously applied, -and the monarch replied to Buckingham, 'Those who -live in glass houses, Steenie, should be careful how -they throw stones.' <i>Whence arose the common saying.</i>"</p> - -<p>It did not arise thence, nor was King James its -inventor. This is one of a thousand instances in which -a story growing out of a proverb has been presented as -that proverb's origin. "Let him that has glass tiles -[panes] not throw stones at his neighbour's house" is<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_120" id="Page_120">[120]</a></span> -a maxim common to the Spaniards<a name="FNanchor_436_436" id="FNanchor_436_436"></a><a href="#Footnote_436_436" class="fnanchor">[436]</a> and Italians,<a name="FNanchor_437_437" id="FNanchor_437_437"></a><a href="#Footnote_437_437" class="fnanchor">[437]</a> and -older than the time of James I. The Italians say -also, "Let him that has a glass skull not take to stone-throwing."<a name="FNanchor_438_438" id="FNanchor_438_438"></a><a href="#Footnote_438_438" class="fnanchor">[438]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The kiln calls the oven burnt house.</b></p> - -<p><b>The pot calls the kettle black bottom.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>When negroes quarrel they always call each other -"dam niggers." "The pan says to the pot, 'Keep off, -or you'll smutch me'" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_439_439" id="FNanchor_439_439"></a><a href="#Footnote_439_439" class="fnanchor">[439]</a> "The shovel makes -game of the poker" (French).<a name="FNanchor_440_440" id="FNanchor_440_440"></a><a href="#Footnote_440_440" class="fnanchor">[440]</a> "Said the raven to -the crow, 'Get out of that, blackamoor'" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_441_441" id="FNanchor_441_441"></a><a href="#Footnote_441_441" class="fnanchor">[441]</a> -"One ass nicknames another Longears" (German).<a name="FNanchor_442_442" id="FNanchor_442_442"></a><a href="#Footnote_442_442" class="fnanchor">[442]</a> -"Dirty-nosed folk always want to wipe other folks' -noses" (French).<a name="FNanchor_443_443" id="FNanchor_443_443"></a><a href="#Footnote_443_443" class="fnanchor">[443]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>"Crooked carlin!" quoth the cripple to his wife.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>"God help the fool!" said the idiot.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Who more ready to call her neighbour "scold" than the arrantest -scold in the parish?</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A harlot repented for one night. 'Is there no -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_121" id="Page_121">[121]</a></span>police officer,' she exclaimed, 'to take up harlots?'" -(Arab.)</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>Point not at others' spots with a foul finger.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Physician, heal thyself.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Among wonderful things," say the Arabs of Egypt, -"is a sore-eyed person who is an oculist."</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_436_436" id="Footnote_436_436"></a><a href="#FNanchor_436_436"><span class="label">[436]</span></a> El que tiene tejados de vidrio no tire piedras al de su vicino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_437_437" id="Footnote_437_437"></a><a href="#FNanchor_437_437"><span class="label">[437]</span></a> Chi ha tegoli di vetro non tiri sassi al vicino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_438_438" id="Footnote_438_438"></a><a href="#FNanchor_438_438"><span class="label">[438]</span></a> Chi ha testa di vetro non faccia a' sassi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_439_439" id="Footnote_439_439"></a><a href="#FNanchor_439_439"><span class="label">[439]</span></a> La padella dice al pajuolo, Fatti in la che tu mi tigni.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_440_440" id="Footnote_440_440"></a><a href="#FNanchor_440_440"><span class="label">[440]</span></a> La pêle se moque du fourgon.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_441_441" id="Footnote_441_441"></a><a href="#FNanchor_441_441"><span class="label">[441]</span></a> Dijó la corneja al cuervo, Quitate allá, negro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_442_442" id="Footnote_442_442"></a><a href="#FNanchor_442_442"><span class="label">[442]</span></a> Ein Esel schimpft den andern, Langohr.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_443_443" id="Footnote_443_443"></a><a href="#FNanchor_443_443"><span class="label">[443]</span></a> Les morveux veulent toujours moucher les autres.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_122" id="Page_122">[122]</a></span></p> - -<h2>FAULTS. EXCUSES. UNEASY -CONSCIOUSNESS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p><b>Lifeless, faultless.</b> -</p> -<p><b>It is a good horse that never stumbles.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To which some add, "And a good wife that never -grumbles." None are immaculate. "Are there not -spots on the very sun?" (French.)<a name="FNanchor_444_444" id="FNanchor_444_444"></a><a href="#Footnote_444_444" class="fnanchor">[444]</a> A member of the -parliament of Toulouse, apologising to the king or his -minister for the judicial murder of Calas perpetrated -by that body, quoted the proverb, "<i>Il n'y a si bon cheval -qui ne bronche</i>" ("It is a good horse," &c.). He was -answered, "<i>Passe pour un cheval, mais toute l'écurie!</i>" -("A horse, granted; but the whole stable!")</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>He that shoots always right forfeits his arrow.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>But in no instance was the forfeit ever exacted, for -the best archer will sometimes miss the mark, just as -"The best driver will sometimes upset" (French).<a name="FNanchor_445_445" id="FNanchor_445_445"></a><a href="#Footnote_445_445" class="fnanchor">[445]</a> "A -good fisherman may let an eel slip from him" (French);<a name="FNanchor_446_446" id="FNanchor_446_446"></a><a href="#Footnote_446_446" class="fnanchor">[446]</a> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_123" id="Page_123">[123]</a></span>and "A good swimmer is not safe from all chance of -drowning" (French).<a name="FNanchor_447_447" id="FNanchor_447_447"></a><a href="#Footnote_447_447" class="fnanchor">[447]</a> "The priest errs at the altar" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_448_448" id="FNanchor_448_448"></a><a href="#Footnote_448_448" class="fnanchor">[448]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>They ne'er beuk [baked] a gude cake but may bake an ill.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>He rode sicker [sure] that ne'er fell.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>It is a sound head that has not a soft piece in it.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Every rose has its prickles.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Every bean has its black.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Every path has its puddle.</b> -</p> -<p><b>There never was a good town but had a mire at one end of it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He who wants a mule without fault may go afoot" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_449_449" id="FNanchor_449_449"></a><a href="#Footnote_449_449" class="fnanchor">[449]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A' things wytes [blames] that no weel fares.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>When a man fails in what he undertakes he will be -sure to lay the blame on anything or anybody rather -than on himself. "He that does amiss never lacks -excuses" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_450_450" id="FNanchor_450_450"></a><a href="#Footnote_450_450" class="fnanchor">[450]</a> "He is a bad shot who cannot -find an excuse" (German).<a name="FNanchor_451_451" id="FNanchor_451_451"></a><a href="#Footnote_451_451" class="fnanchor">[451]</a> "The archer that shoots -ill has a lie ready" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_452_452" id="FNanchor_452_452"></a><a href="#Footnote_452_452" class="fnanchor">[452]</a> That is rather a strong -expression: the Italians, with a more refined appreciation -of the eloquence displayed by missing marksmen, -declare that "A fine shot never killed a bird."<a name="FNanchor_453_453" id="FNanchor_453_453"></a><a href="#Footnote_453_453" class="fnanchor">[453]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_124" id="Page_124">[124]</a></span> - -<b>A bad workman always complains of his tools.</b></p> - -<p><b>A bad excuse is better than none.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>This, of course, is ironical. The Italians hold that -"Any excuse is good provided it avails" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_454_454" id="FNanchor_454_454"></a><a href="#Footnote_454_454" class="fnanchor">[454]</a> -and, "Any excuse will serve when one has not a mind -to do a thing."<a name="FNanchor_455_455" id="FNanchor_455_455"></a><a href="#Footnote_455_455" class="fnanchor">[455]</a> We may easily guess what the -Spaniards mean by "Friday pretexts for not fasting."<a name="FNanchor_456_456" id="FNanchor_456_456"></a><a href="#Footnote_456_456" class="fnanchor">[456]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>"Who can help sickness?" quoth the drunken wife, when she lay in -the gutter.</b></p> - -<p><b>Guilt is jealous.</b></p> - -<p><b>A guilty conscience needs no accuser.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Touch a galled horse, and he'll wince.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A galled horse will not endure the comb.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Let the galled jade wince, our withers are unwrung," -cries Hamlet, mockingly, as he reads the effect -of the play in the fratricide's countenance. "He that -is in fault is [steeped] in suspicion" (Italian),<a name="FNanchor_457_457" id="FNanchor_457_457"></a><a href="#Footnote_457_457" class="fnanchor">[457]</a> and his -uneasy conscience betrays itself at every casual touch. -He is like "One who has a straw tail," and "is always -afraid of its catching fire" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_458_458" id="FNanchor_458_458"></a><a href="#Footnote_458_458" class="fnanchor">[458]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that has a muckle [big] nose thinks ilka ane is speaking o't.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Hair is not to be mentioned in a bald man's -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_125" id="Page_125">[125]</a></span>house" (Livonian). "Never speak of a rope in the -house of one who was hanged" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_459_459" id="FNanchor_459_459"></a><a href="#Footnote_459_459" class="fnanchor">[459]</a> or, as -the Hebrew form of the precept runs, "He that hath -had one of his family hanged may not say to his -neighbour, 'Hang up this fish.'" Formerly the French -used to say, "It is not right to speak of a rope <i>in -presence</i> of one who has been hanged;"<a name="FNanchor_460_460" id="FNanchor_460_460"></a><a href="#Footnote_460_460" class="fnanchor">[460]</a> and they could -say this without apparent absurdity, because it was -customary to pardon a culprit if the rope broke after -he had been tied up to the gallows, and therefore it -was not an uncommon thing to meet with living men -who had known what it was to dance upon nothing. -The memory of this usage is preserved in a proverbial -expression—"The hope of the man that is hanging, -that the rope may break"<a name="FNanchor_461_461" id="FNanchor_461_461"></a><a href="#Footnote_461_461" class="fnanchor">[461]</a>—to signify an exceedingly -faint hope. But so much was this indulgence abused, -that it was abolished by all the parliaments, that of -Bordeaux setting the example in 1524 by an edict -directing that the sentence should always be, "Hanged -until death ensue."</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>If the cap fits you, wear it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Let him that feels itchy, scratch" (French).<a name="FNanchor_462_462" id="FNanchor_462_462"></a><a href="#Footnote_462_462" class="fnanchor">[462]</a> "Let -him wipe his nose that feels the need of it" (French).<a name="FNanchor_463_463" id="FNanchor_463_463"></a><a href="#Footnote_463_463" class="fnanchor">[463]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_126" id="Page_126">[126]</a></span> - -<b>Nothing was ever ill said that was not ill taken.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He who takes [offence] makes [the offence]" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_464_464" id="FNanchor_464_464"></a><a href="#Footnote_464_464" class="fnanchor">[464]</a> "What do you say 'Hem!' for when I pass?" -cries an angry Briton to a Frenchman. "Monsieur -Godden," replies the latter, "what for pass you when -me say 'Hem?'"</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>Ye're busy to clear yourself when naebody files you.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, you defend yourself when nobody accuses -you; and that looks very suspicious. "He that -excuses himself accuses himself" (French).<a name="FNanchor_465_465" id="FNanchor_465_465"></a><a href="#Footnote_465_465" class="fnanchor">[465]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_444_444" id="Footnote_444_444"></a><a href="#FNanchor_444_444"><span class="label">[444]</span></a> Le soleil lui-même, n'a-t-il pas des taches?</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_445_445" id="Footnote_445_445"></a><a href="#FNanchor_445_445"><span class="label">[445]</span></a> Il n'est si bon charretier qui ne verse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_446_446" id="Footnote_446_446"></a><a href="#FNanchor_446_446"><span class="label">[446]</span></a> À bon pêcheur échappe anguille.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_447_447" id="Footnote_447_447"></a><a href="#FNanchor_447_447"><span class="label">[447]</span></a> Bon nageur de n'être noyé n'est pas sûre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_448_448" id="Footnote_448_448"></a><a href="#FNanchor_448_448"><span class="label">[448]</span></a> Erra il prete all' altare.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_449_449" id="Footnote_449_449"></a><a href="#FNanchor_449_449"><span class="label">[449]</span></a> Quien quisiere mula sin tacha, andese á pie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_450_450" id="Footnote_450_450"></a><a href="#FNanchor_450_450"><span class="label">[450]</span></a> A chi fa male mai mancano scuse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_451_451" id="Footnote_451_451"></a><a href="#FNanchor_451_451"><span class="label">[451]</span></a> Ein schlechter Schüz der keine Ausrede findet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_452_452" id="Footnote_452_452"></a><a href="#FNanchor_452_452"><span class="label">[452]</span></a> Vallestero que mal tira, presto tiene la mentira.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_453_453" id="Footnote_453_453"></a><a href="#FNanchor_453_453"><span class="label">[453]</span></a> Bel colpo non ammazzò mai uccello.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_454_454" id="Footnote_454_454"></a><a href="#FNanchor_454_454"><span class="label">[454]</span></a> Ogni scusa è buona, pur che vaglia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_455_455" id="Footnote_455_455"></a><a href="#FNanchor_455_455"><span class="label">[455]</span></a> Ogni scusa è buona, quando non si vuol far alcuna cosa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_456_456" id="Footnote_456_456"></a><a href="#FNanchor_456_456"><span class="label">[456]</span></a> Achaques al viernes por no le ayunar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_457_457" id="Footnote_457_457"></a><a href="#FNanchor_457_457"><span class="label">[457]</span></a> Chi è in difetto, è in sospetto.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_458_458" id="Footnote_458_458"></a><a href="#FNanchor_458_458"><span class="label">[458]</span></a> Chi ha coda di paglia ha sempre paura che gli pigli fuoco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_459_459" id="Footnote_459_459"></a><a href="#FNanchor_459_459"><span class="label">[459]</span></a> Non recordar il capestro in casa dell' impiccato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_460_460" id="Footnote_460_460"></a><a href="#FNanchor_460_460"><span class="label">[460]</span></a> Il ne faut pas parler de corde devant un pendu.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_461_461" id="Footnote_461_461"></a><a href="#FNanchor_461_461"><span class="label">[461]</span></a> L'espoir du pendu, que la corde casse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_462_462" id="Footnote_462_462"></a><a href="#FNanchor_462_462"><span class="label">[462]</span></a> Qui se sent galeux, se gratte.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_463_463" id="Footnote_463_463"></a><a href="#FNanchor_463_463"><span class="label">[463]</span></a> Qui se sent morveux, se mouche.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_464_464" id="Footnote_464_464"></a><a href="#FNanchor_464_464"><span class="label">[464]</span></a> Qui capit, ille facit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_465_465" id="Footnote_465_465"></a><a href="#FNanchor_465_465"><span class="label">[465]</span></a> Qui s'excuse, s'accuse.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_127" id="Page_127">[127]</a></span></p> - -<h2>FALSE APPEARANCES AND PRETENCES, -HYPOCRISY, DOUBLE DEALING, TIME-SERVING.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Appearances are deceitful.</b><a name="FNanchor_466_466" id="FNanchor_466_466"></a><a href="#Footnote_466_466" class="fnanchor">[466]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Always judge your fellow-passengers to be the -opposite of what they strive to appear to be. For -instance, a military man is not quarrelsome, for no man -doubts his courage; but a snob is. A clergyman is -not over-straitlaced, for his piety is not questioned; but -a cheat is. A lawyer is not apt to be argumentative; -but an actor is. A woman that is all smiles and graces -is a vixen at heart: snakes fascinate. A stranger that -is obsequious and over-civil without apparent cause is -treacherous: cats that purr are apt to bite and scratch. -Pride is one thing, assumption is another; the latter -must always get the cold shoulder, for whoever shows -it is no gentleman: men never affect to be what they -are, but what they are not. The only man who really -is what he appears to be is—a gentleman."<a name="FNanchor_467_467" id="FNanchor_467_467"></a><a href="#Footnote_467_467" class="fnanchor">[467]</a></p> - -<p>The Livonians say, "The bald pate talks most of -hair;" and, "You may freely give a rope to one who -talks about hanging."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_128" id="Page_128">[128]</a></span> - -<b>All is not gold that glitters.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Yellow iron pyrites is as bright as gold, and has -often been mistaken for it. The worthless spangles -have even been imported at great cost from California. -"Every glowworm is not a fire" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_468_468" id="FNanchor_468_468"></a><a href="#Footnote_468_468" class="fnanchor">[468]</a> "Where -you think there are flitches of bacon there are not even -hooks to hang them on" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_469_469" id="FNanchor_469_469"></a><a href="#Footnote_469_469" class="fnanchor">[469]</a> Many a reputed -rich man is insolvent.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Much ado about nothing.</b></p> - -<p><b>"Great cry and little wool," as the fellow said when he sheared the -pig.</b> -</p> -<p><b>"Meikle cry and little woo'," as the deil said when he clipped the -sow.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> -<p>"The mountain is in labour, and will bring forth a -mouse" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_470_470" id="FNanchor_470_470"></a><a href="#Footnote_470_470" class="fnanchor">[470]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Likely lies in the mire, and unlikely gets over.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some from whom great things are expected fail -miserably, while others of no apparent mark or promise -surprise the world by their success.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>You must not hang a man by his looks.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>He may be one who is</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Like a singed cat, better than likely.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Under a shabby cloak there is a good tippler" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_471_471" id="FNanchor_471_471"></a><a href="#Footnote_471_471" class="fnanchor">[471]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_129" id="Page_129">[129]</a></span> - -<b>"Care not" would have it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Affected indifference is often a trick to obtain an -object of secret desire. "I don't want it, I don't want -it," says the Spanish friar; "but drop it into my -hood."<a name="FNanchor_472_472" id="FNanchor_472_472"></a><a href="#Footnote_472_472" class="fnanchor">[472]</a> "'It is nought, it is nought,' saith the buyer; -but when he is gone he vaunteth." The girls of Italy, -who know how often this artifice is employed in affairs -of love, have a ready retort against sarcastic young -gentlemen in the adage, "He that finds fault would -fain buy."<a name="FNanchor_473_473" id="FNanchor_473_473"></a><a href="#Footnote_473_473" class="fnanchor">[473]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that lacks [disparages] my mare would buy my mare.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>"Sour grapes," said the fox when he could not reach them.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Empty vessels give the greatest sound.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Shaal [shallow] waters mak the maist din.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Smooth waters run deep</b>; <i>or</i>, -</p> -<p><b>Still waters are deep.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This last proverb, we are told by Quintus Curtius, -was current among the Bactrians.<a name="FNanchor_474_474" id="FNanchor_474_474"></a><a href="#Footnote_474_474" class="fnanchor">[474]</a> The Servians say, -"A smooth river washes away its banks;" the French, -"There is no worse water than that which sleeps."<a name="FNanchor_475_475" id="FNanchor_475_475"></a><a href="#Footnote_475_475" class="fnanchor">[475]</a> -"The most covered fire is the strongest" (French);<a name="FNanchor_476_476" id="FNanchor_476_476"></a><a href="#Footnote_476_476" class="fnanchor">[476]</a> -and "Under white ashes there is glowing coal" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_477_477" id="FNanchor_477_477"></a><a href="#Footnote_477_477" class="fnanchor">[477]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_130" id="Page_130">[130]</a></span> - -<b>Where God has his church the devil will have his chapel.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>So closely does the shadow of godliness—hypocrisy—wait -upon the substance. "Very seldom does any -good thing arise but there comes an ugly phantom of a -caricature of it, which sidles up against the reality, -mouths its favourite words as a third-rate actor does a -great part, under-mimics its wisdom, overacts its folly, -is by half the world taken for it, goes some way to -suppress it in its own time, and perhaps lives for it in -history."<a name="FNanchor_478_478" id="FNanchor_478_478"></a><a href="#Footnote_478_478" class="fnanchor">[478]</a> Defoe says,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Wherever God erects a house of prayer,</div> -<div class="i0">The devil always builds a chapel there;</div> -<div class="i0">And 'twill be found upon examination</div> -<div class="i0">The latter has the largest congregation."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">The proverb is found in nearly the same form in -Italian.<a name="FNanchor_479_479" id="FNanchor_479_479"></a><a href="#Footnote_479_479" class="fnanchor">[479]</a> The French say, "The devil chants high -mass,"<a name="FNanchor_480_480" id="FNanchor_480_480"></a><a href="#Footnote_480_480" class="fnanchor">[480]</a> which reminds us of another English adage, -applied by Antonio to Shylock:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The devil can quote Scripture for his purpose.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"The devil lurks behind the cross,"<a name="FNanchor_481_481" id="FNanchor_481_481"></a><a href="#Footnote_481_481" class="fnanchor">[481]</a> say the -Spaniards; and, "By the vicar's skirts the devil gets -up into the belfry."<a name="FNanchor_482_482" id="FNanchor_482_482"></a><a href="#Footnote_482_482" class="fnanchor">[482]</a> "O the slyness of sin," exclaim -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_131" id="Page_131">[131]</a></span>the Germans, "that puts an angel before every devil!"<a name="FNanchor_483_483" id="FNanchor_483_483"></a><a href="#Footnote_483_483" class="fnanchor">[483]</a> -The same thought is expressed by the Queen of -Navarre in her thirteenth novel, where she speaks -of "covering one's devil with the fairest angel."<a name="FNanchor_484_484" id="FNanchor_484_484"></a><a href="#Footnote_484_484" class="fnanchor">[484]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>When the fox preaches beware of the geese.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The fox preaches to the hens" (French).<a name="FNanchor_485_485" id="FNanchor_485_485"></a><a href="#Footnote_485_485" class="fnanchor">[485]</a> "When -the devil says his paternosters he wants to cheat you" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_486_486" id="FNanchor_486_486"></a><a href="#Footnote_486_486" class="fnanchor">[486]</a> "Never spread your wheat in the sun -before the canter's door" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_487_487" id="FNanchor_487_487"></a><a href="#Footnote_487_487" class="fnanchor">[487]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>A honey tongue, a heart of gall.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Mouth of ivy, heart of holly.</b>—<i>Irish.</i> -</p> -<p><b>He can say, "My jo," an' think it na.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Too much courtesy, too much craft.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The words of a saint, and the claws of a cat" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_488_488" id="FNanchor_488_488"></a><a href="#Footnote_488_488" class="fnanchor">[488]</a> "The cat is friendly, but scratches" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_489_489" id="FNanchor_489_489"></a><a href="#Footnote_489_489" class="fnanchor">[489]</a> "Many kiss the hands they would fain see -chopped off" (Arab and Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_490_490" id="FNanchor_490_490"></a><a href="#Footnote_490_490" class="fnanchor">[490]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_132" id="Page_132">[132]</a></span> - -<b>He looks as if butter would not melt in his mouth.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Said of a very demure person, sometimes with this -addition, "And yet cheese would not choke him." Of -such a person the Spaniards say, "He looks as if he -would not muddy the water."<a name="FNanchor_491_491" id="FNanchor_491_491"></a><a href="#Footnote_491_491" class="fnanchor">[491]</a> "Nothing is more like -an honest man than a rogue" (French).<a name="FNanchor_492_492" id="FNanchor_492_492"></a><a href="#Footnote_492_492" class="fnanchor">[492]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>They're no a' saints that get holy water.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"All are not saints who go to church" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_493_493" id="FNanchor_493_493"></a><a href="#Footnote_493_493" class="fnanchor">[493]</a> -"Not all who go to church say their prayers" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_494_494" id="FNanchor_494_494"></a><a href="#Footnote_494_494" class="fnanchor">[494]</a> -"All are not hunters who blow the horn" (French).<a name="FNanchor_495_495" id="FNanchor_495_495"></a><a href="#Footnote_495_495" class="fnanchor">[495]</a> -"All are not soldiers who go to the wars" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_496_496" id="FNanchor_496_496"></a><a href="#Footnote_496_496" class="fnanchor">[496]</a> -"All are not princes who ride with the emperor" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_497_497" id="FNanchor_497_497"></a><a href="#Footnote_497_497" class="fnanchor">[497]</a></p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"><p> -<b>The chamber of sickness is the chapel of devotion.</b> -</p> - -<div><b>The devil was sick, the devil a monk would be;</b></div> -<div><b>The devil grew well, the devil a monk was he!</b><a name="FNanchor_498_498" id="FNanchor_498_498"></a><a href="#Footnote_498_498" class="fnanchor">[498]</a></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>"All criminals turn preachers when they are under -the gallows" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_499_499" id="FNanchor_499_499"></a><a href="#Footnote_499_499" class="fnanchor">[499]</a> "The galley is in a bad way -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_133" id="Page_133">[133]</a></span>when the corsair promises masses and candles" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_500_500" id="FNanchor_500_500"></a><a href="#Footnote_500_500" class="fnanchor">[500]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>Satan rebukes sin.</b><a name="FNanchor_501_501" id="FNanchor_501_501"></a><a href="#Footnote_501_501" class="fnanchor">[501]</a> -</p> -<p><b>The friar preached against stealing when he had a pudding in his -sleeve.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>According to the Italian account of the affair the -friar had a goose in his scapulary on that occasion.<a name="FNanchor_502_502" id="FNanchor_502_502"></a><a href="#Footnote_502_502" class="fnanchor">[502]</a> -"Do as the friar says, and not as he does" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_503_503" id="FNanchor_503_503"></a><a href="#Footnote_503_503" class="fnanchor">[503]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>To carry two faces under one hood.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To be what the Romans called "double-tongued,"<a name="FNanchor_504_504" id="FNanchor_504_504"></a><a href="#Footnote_504_504" class="fnanchor">[504]</a> -or, in French phrase, "To wear a coat of two parishes."<a name="FNanchor_505_505" id="FNanchor_505_505"></a><a href="#Footnote_505_505" class="fnanchor">[505]</a> -Formerly the parishes in France were bound to supply -the army with a certain number of pioneers fully -equipped. Every parish claimed the right of clothing -its man in its own livery, whence it followed that when -two parishes jointly furnished only one man, he was -dressed in parti-coloured garments, each parish being -represented by a moiety which differed from the other -in texture and colour.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_134" id="Page_134">[134]</a></span> - -<b>To hold with the hare, and hunt with the hounds.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To be "Jack o' both sides," true to neither. The -Romans called this "Sitting on two stools."<a name="FNanchor_506_506" id="FNanchor_506_506"></a><a href="#Footnote_506_506" class="fnanchor">[506]</a> Liberius -Mimus was one of a new batch of senators created by -Cæsar. The first day he entered the august assembly, -as he was looking about for a seat, Cicero said to him, -"I would make room for you were we not so crowded -together." This was a sly hit at Cæsar, who had -packed the senate with his creatures. Liberius replied, -"Ay, you always liked to sit on two stools."</p> - -<p>The Arabs say of a double dealer, "He says to the -thief, 'Steal;' and to the house-owner, 'Take care of thy -goods.'" "He howls with the wolves when he is in -the wood, and bleats with the sheep in the field" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_507_507" id="FNanchor_507_507"></a><a href="#Footnote_507_507" class="fnanchor">[507]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>If the devil is vicar, you'll be clerk.</b> -</p> -<p><b>If the deil be laird, you'll be tenant.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>The deil ne'er sent a wind out of hell but he wad sail with it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>The vicar of Bray will be vicar of Bray still.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Simon Aleyn, or Allen, held the Vicarage of Bray, in -Berkshire, for fifty years, in the reigns of Henry VIII., -Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth, and was always of -the religion of the sovereign for the time being. First -he was a Papist, then a Protestant, afterwards a Papist, -and a Protestant again; yet he would by no means -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_135" id="Page_135">[135]</a></span>admit that he was a turncoat. "No," said he, "I have -always stuck to my principle, which is this—to live and -die vicar of Bray." His consistency has been celebrated -in a song, the burden of which is,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"For this is law I will maintain—</div> -<div class="i2">Unto my dying day, sir,</div> -<div class="i0">Whatever king in England reign,</div> -<div class="i2">I'll be the vicar of Bray, sir."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">"Such are men, now o' days," says Fuller, "who, -though they cannot turn the wind, they turn their -mills, and set them so that wheresoever it bloweth, their -grist should certainly be grinded."</p> - -<p>During the Peninsular war many signboards over -shops and hotels in Spanish towns had on one side the -arms of France, and on the other those of Spain, -which were turned as best suited the interests of their -owners and the feelings of the troops which alternately -occupied the place.</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>It is hard to sit at Rome and fecht wi' the pope.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Prudence forbids us to engage in strife with those in -whose power we are. Oriental servility goes further -than this. Bernier tells us that it was a current -proverb in the dominions of the Great Mogul, "If the -king saith at noonday, 'It is night,' you are to say, -'Behold the moon and stars!'" The Egyptians say, -"When the monkey reigns dance before him." The -philosopher desisted from controversy with the Emperor -Hadrian, confessing himself unable to cope in argument -with the master of thirty legions.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_136" id="Page_136">[136]</a></span> - -<b>There's nae gude in speaking ill o' the laird within his ain bounds.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>On this principle Baillie Nicol Jarvie thinks it well, -when passing the Fairies' Hill, to call them, as others -do, men of peace, meaning thereby to conciliate their -good-will. "Speak not ill of a great enemy," says -Selden, "but rather give him good words, that he may -use you the better if you chance to fall into his hands. -The Spaniard did this when he was dying. His confessor -told him (to work him to repentance) how the -devil tormented the wicked that went to hell. The -Spaniard replying, called the devil 'my lord.' 'I -hope my lord the devil is not so cruel.' His confessor -reproved him. 'Excuse me,' said the don, 'for calling -him so. I know not into what hands I may fall; and -if I happen into his, I hope he will use me the better -for giving him good words.'"</p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>It is good to have friends everywhere.</b> -</p> -<p><b>It's gude to hae friends baith in heaven and hell.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Brantôme relates that Robert de la Mark had a -painting executed, in which were represented St. -Margaret and the devil, with himself on his knees -before them, a candle in each hand, and a scroll issuing -from his mouth, containing these words: "If God will -not aid me, the devil surely will not fail me." This -is quite in the spirit of Virgil's line, "If I cannot bend -the celestials to my purpose I will move hell."<a name="FNanchor_508_508" id="FNanchor_508_508"></a><a href="#Footnote_508_508" class="fnanchor">[508]</a> Others -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_137" id="Page_137">[137]</a></span>besides De la Mark have thought it prudent "To offer a -candle to God and another to the devil" (French);<a name="FNanchor_509_509" id="FNanchor_509_509"></a><a href="#Footnote_509_509" class="fnanchor">[509]</a> -or, "A candle to St. Michael and one to his devil" -(French),<a name="FNanchor_510_510" id="FNanchor_510_510"></a><a href="#Footnote_510_510" class="fnanchor">[510]</a> lest the time might come when the devil -under the archangel's feet should get the upper hand. -Upon the same principle a discreet person in the early -Christian times took care never to pass a prostrate -statue of Jupiter without saluting it.</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>One must sometimes hold a candle to the devil.</b></p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_466_466" id="Footnote_466_466"></a><a href="#FNanchor_466_466"><span class="label">[466]</span></a> Fronti nulla fides. Schein betrugt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_467_467" id="Footnote_467_467"></a><a href="#FNanchor_467_467"><span class="label">[467]</span></a> "Maxims of an Old Stager," by Judge Halliburton.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_468_468" id="Footnote_468_468"></a><a href="#FNanchor_468_468"><span class="label">[468]</span></a> Ogni lucciola non è fuoco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_469_469" id="Footnote_469_469"></a><a href="#FNanchor_469_469"><span class="label">[469]</span></a> Adó pensas que hay tocinos, no hay estacas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_470_470" id="Footnote_470_470"></a><a href="#FNanchor_470_470"><span class="label">[470]</span></a> Parturiunt montes, nascetur ridiculus mus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_471_471" id="Footnote_471_471"></a><a href="#FNanchor_471_471"><span class="label">[471]</span></a> Debajo de una mala capa hay un buen bebedor.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_472_472" id="Footnote_472_472"></a><a href="#FNanchor_472_472"><span class="label">[472]</span></a> No lo quiero, no lo quiero, mas echad lo en mi capilla.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_473_473" id="Footnote_473_473"></a><a href="#FNanchor_473_473"><span class="label">[473]</span></a> Chi biasima vuol comprare.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_474_474" id="Footnote_474_474"></a><a href="#FNanchor_474_474"><span class="label">[474]</span></a> Altissima flumina minimo sono labuntur.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_475_475" id="Footnote_475_475"></a><a href="#FNanchor_475_475"><span class="label">[475]</span></a> Il n'y a pire eau que l'eau qui dort.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_476_476" id="Footnote_476_476"></a><a href="#FNanchor_476_476"><span class="label">[476]</span></a> Le feu le plus couvert est le plus ardent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_477_477" id="Footnote_477_477"></a><a href="#FNanchor_477_477"><span class="label">[477]</span></a> Sotto la bianca cenere sta la brace ardente.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_478_478" id="Footnote_478_478"></a><a href="#FNanchor_478_478"><span class="label">[478]</span></a> "Friends in Council."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_479_479" id="Footnote_479_479"></a><a href="#FNanchor_479_479"><span class="label">[479]</span></a> Non si tosto si fa un tempio a Dio, che il diavolo ci fabbrica -una cappella appresso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_480_480" id="Footnote_480_480"></a><a href="#FNanchor_480_480"><span class="label">[480]</span></a> Le diable chante la grande messe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_481_481" id="Footnote_481_481"></a><a href="#FNanchor_481_481"><span class="label">[481]</span></a> Detras de la cruz esta el diablo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_482_482" id="Footnote_482_482"></a><a href="#FNanchor_482_482"><span class="label">[482]</span></a> Por las haldas del vicario sube el diablo al campanario.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_483_483" id="Footnote_483_483"></a><a href="#FNanchor_483_483"><span class="label">[483]</span></a> O über die schlaue Sunde, die einen Engel vor jeden Teufel -stellt!</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_484_484" id="Footnote_484_484"></a><a href="#FNanchor_484_484"><span class="label">[484]</span></a> Couvrir son diable du plus bel ange.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_485_485" id="Footnote_485_485"></a><a href="#FNanchor_485_485"><span class="label">[485]</span></a> Le renard prêche aux poules.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_486_486" id="Footnote_486_486"></a><a href="#FNanchor_486_486"><span class="label">[486]</span></a> Quand le diable dit ses patenôtres, il vent te tromper.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_487_487" id="Footnote_487_487"></a><a href="#FNanchor_487_487"><span class="label">[487]</span></a> Ante la puerta del rezador nunca eches tu trigo al sol.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_488_488" id="Footnote_488_488"></a><a href="#FNanchor_488_488"><span class="label">[488]</span></a> Palabras de santo, y uñas de gato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_489_489" id="Footnote_489_489"></a><a href="#FNanchor_489_489"><span class="label">[489]</span></a> Buen amigo es el gato, sino que rascuña.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_490_490" id="Footnote_490_490"></a><a href="#FNanchor_490_490"><span class="label">[490]</span></a> Muchos besan manos que quierian ver cortadas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_491_491" id="Footnote_491_491"></a><a href="#FNanchor_491_491"><span class="label">[491]</span></a> Parece que no enturbia el agua.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_492_492" id="Footnote_492_492"></a><a href="#FNanchor_492_492"><span class="label">[492]</span></a> Rien ne ressemble plus à un honnête homme qu'un fripon.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_493_493" id="Footnote_493_493"></a><a href="#FNanchor_493_493"><span class="label">[493]</span></a> Non son tutti santi quelli che vanno in chiesa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_494_494" id="Footnote_494_494"></a><a href="#FNanchor_494_494"><span class="label">[494]</span></a> Non tutti chi vanno in chiesa fanno orazione.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_495_495" id="Footnote_495_495"></a><a href="#FNanchor_495_495"><span class="label">[495]</span></a> Ne sont pas tous chasseurs qui sonnent du cor.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_496_496" id="Footnote_496_496"></a><a href="#FNanchor_496_496"><span class="label">[496]</span></a> Non son soldados todos los que van á la guerra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_497_497" id="Footnote_497_497"></a><a href="#FNanchor_497_497"><span class="label">[497]</span></a> Zij zijn niet allen gelijk die met den keizer rijden.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_498_498" id="Footnote_498_498"></a><a href="#FNanchor_498_498"><span class="label">[498]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Ægrotat dæmon, monachus tunc esse volebat;</div> -<div class="i0">Dæmon convaluit, dæmon ut ante fuit.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_499_499" id="Footnote_499_499"></a><a href="#FNanchor_499_499"><span class="label">[499]</span></a> Tutti i rei divengono predicatori quando stanno sotto la -forca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_500_500" id="Footnote_500_500"></a><a href="#FNanchor_500_500"><span class="label">[500]</span></a> Quando el corsario promete misas y cera, con mal anda la -galera.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_501_501" id="Footnote_501_501"></a><a href="#FNanchor_501_501"><span class="label">[501]</span></a> Claudius accusat mœchos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_502_502" id="Footnote_502_502"></a><a href="#FNanchor_502_502"><span class="label">[502]</span></a> Il frate predicava che non si dovesse robbare, e egli aveva -l'occa nel scapulario.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_503_503" id="Footnote_503_503"></a><a href="#FNanchor_503_503"><span class="label">[503]</span></a> Haz lo que dice el frayle, y no lo que hace.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_504_504" id="Footnote_504_504"></a><a href="#FNanchor_504_504"><span class="label">[504]</span></a> Homo bilinguis.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_505_505" id="Footnote_505_505"></a><a href="#FNanchor_505_505"><span class="label">[505]</span></a> Porter un habit de deux paroisses.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_506_506" id="Footnote_506_506"></a><a href="#FNanchor_506_506"><span class="label">[506]</span></a> Duabus sellis sedere.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_507_507" id="Footnote_507_507"></a><a href="#FNanchor_507_507"><span class="label">[507]</span></a> Hij huilt met de wolven waarmede hij en het bosch is, en -blaat met de schapen in het veld.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_508_508" id="Footnote_508_508"></a><a href="#FNanchor_508_508"><span class="label">[508]</span></a> Flectere si nequeo superos, Acheronta movebo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_509_509" id="Footnote_509_509"></a><a href="#FNanchor_509_509"><span class="label">[509]</span></a> Donner une chandelle à Dieu, et une au diable.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_510_510" id="Footnote_510_510"></a><a href="#FNanchor_510_510"><span class="label">[510]</span></a> Donner une chandelle à Saint Michel, et une à son diable.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_138" id="Page_138">[138]</a></span></p> - -<h2>OPPORTUNITY.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>What may be done at any time will be done at no time.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"By the street of By-and-by one arrives at the -house of Never" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_511_511" id="FNanchor_511_511"></a><a href="#Footnote_511_511" class="fnanchor">[511]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Never put off till to-morrow what you can do to-day.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"One to-day is worth ten to-morrows" (German).<a name="FNanchor_512_512" id="FNanchor_512_512"></a><a href="#Footnote_512_512" class="fnanchor">[512]</a> -"To-day must borrow nothing of to-morrow" (German).<a name="FNanchor_513_513" id="FNanchor_513_513"></a><a href="#Footnote_513_513" class="fnanchor">[513]</a> -"When God says to-day, the devil says to-morrow" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_514_514" id="FNanchor_514_514"></a><a href="#Footnote_514_514" class="fnanchor">[514]</a> Talleyrand used to reverse these maxims: -by never doing to-day what he could put off till to-morrow -he avoided committing himself prematurely.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Strike while the iron is hot.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This proverb is cosmopolitan; but</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Make hay while the sun shines</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">is peculiar to England, and, as Trench remarks, could -have had its birth only under such variable skies -as ours.</p> -<blockquote> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_139" id="Page_139">[139]</a></span> - -<b>Take the ball at the hop.</b></p> - -<p><b>Take time while time is, for time will away.</b></p> - -<p><b>Time and tide wait for no man.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"God keep you from 'It is too late'" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_515_515" id="FNanchor_515_515"></a><a href="#Footnote_515_515" class="fnanchor">[515]</a> -"A little too late, much too late" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_516_516" id="FNanchor_516_516"></a><a href="#Footnote_516_516" class="fnanchor">[516]</a> "Stay -but a while, you lose a mile" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_517_517" id="FNanchor_517_517"></a><a href="#Footnote_517_517" class="fnanchor">[517]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>After a delay comes a let.</b></p> - -<p><b>Delays are dangerous.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>Especially in affairs of love and marriage. Therefore, -"When thy daughter's chance comes, wait not her -father's coming from the market" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_518_518" id="FNanchor_518_518"></a><a href="#Footnote_518_518" class="fnanchor">[518]</a> Close -with the offer on the spot. "When the fool has made -up his mind the market has gone by" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_519_519" id="FNanchor_519_519"></a><a href="#Footnote_519_519" class="fnanchor">[519]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>He that will not when he may,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>When he will he shall have nay.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"Some refuse roast meat, and afterwards long for -the smoke of it" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_520_520" id="FNanchor_520_520"></a><a href="#Footnote_520_520" class="fnanchor">[520]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The nearer the church, the farther from God.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Next to the minster, last to mass" (French).<a name="FNanchor_521_521" id="FNanchor_521_521"></a><a href="#Footnote_521_521" class="fnanchor">[521]</a> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_140" id="Page_140">[140]</a></span>"The nearer to Rome, the worse Christian" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_522_522" id="FNanchor_522_522"></a><a href="#Footnote_522_522" class="fnanchor">[522]</a> -The buyer of many books will probably read few of -them, and somebody has said that he never was afraid -of engaging in a controversy with the owner of a large -library. Many a Londoner would never see half its -lions but for the necessity of showing them to country -cousins.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The shoemaker's wife goes worst shod.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Where the best wine is made the worst is commonly -drunk. Better fish is to be had in Billingsgate than -on the seacoast.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_511_511" id="Footnote_511_511"></a><a href="#FNanchor_511_511"><span class="label">[511]</span></a> Por la calle de despues se va á la casa de nunca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_512_512" id="Footnote_512_512"></a><a href="#FNanchor_512_512"><span class="label">[512]</span></a> Ein Heute ist besser als zehn Morgen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_513_513" id="Footnote_513_513"></a><a href="#FNanchor_513_513"><span class="label">[513]</span></a> Heute muss dem Morgen nichts borgen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_514_514" id="Footnote_514_514"></a><a href="#FNanchor_514_514"><span class="label">[514]</span></a> Wenn Gott sagt: Heute, sagt der Teufel: Morgen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_515_515" id="Footnote_515_515"></a><a href="#FNanchor_515_515"><span class="label">[515]</span></a> Guarde te Dios de hecho es.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_516_516" id="Footnote_516_516"></a><a href="#FNanchor_516_516"><span class="label">[516]</span></a> Een wenig te laat, veel te laat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_517_517" id="Footnote_517_517"></a><a href="#FNanchor_517_517"><span class="label">[517]</span></a> Sta maar een wijl, gij verliest een mijl.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_518_518" id="Footnote_518_518"></a><a href="#FNanchor_518_518"><span class="label">[518]</span></a> Quando á tu hija le viniere su hado, no aguardes que vienga -su padre del mercado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_519_519" id="Footnote_519_519"></a><a href="#FNanchor_519_519"><span class="label">[519]</span></a> Quando el necio es acordado, el mercado es ya pasado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_520_520" id="Footnote_520_520"></a><a href="#FNanchor_520_520"><span class="label">[520]</span></a> Tal lascia l'arrosto, chi poi ne brama il fumo. Qui refuse, -muse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_521_521" id="Footnote_521_521"></a><a href="#FNanchor_521_521"><span class="label">[521]</span></a> Près du monstier, à messe le dernier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_522_522" id="Footnote_522_522"></a><a href="#FNanchor_522_522"><span class="label">[522]</span></a> Hoe digter bij Rom, hoe slechter Christ.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_141" id="Page_141">[141]</a></span></p> - -<h2>UNCERTAINTY OF THE FUTURE. HOPE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote class="interlinear"><p> -<b>Man proposes, God disposes.</b><a name="FNanchor_523_523" id="FNanchor_523_523"></a><a href="#Footnote_523_523" class="fnanchor">[523]</a> -</p> -<div>"There's a divinity that shapes men's ends,</div> -<div>Rough hew them how they will."</div> - -<p><b>He that reckons without his host must reckon again.</b></p> - -<p><b>Don't reckon your chickens before they are hatched.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some of the eggs may be addled. Remember the -story of Alnaschar.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Sune enough to cry "chick" when it's out o' the shell.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Gut nae fish till ye get them.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Cry no herring till you have it in the net" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_524_524" id="FNanchor_524_524"></a><a href="#Footnote_524_524" class="fnanchor">[524]</a> "First catch your hare," says Mrs. Glasse, -and then you may settle how you will have it cooked. -The Greeks and Romans thought it not wise "To sing -triumph before the victory."<a name="FNanchor_525_525" id="FNanchor_525_525"></a><a href="#Footnote_525_525" class="fnanchor">[525]</a> It is a rash bargain -"To sell the bird on the bough" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_526_526" id="FNanchor_526_526"></a><a href="#Footnote_526_526" class="fnanchor">[526]</a> or "The -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_142" id="Page_142">[142]</a></span>bearskin before you have caught the bear" (Italian),<a name="FNanchor_527_527" id="FNanchor_527_527"></a><a href="#Footnote_527_527" class="fnanchor">[527]</a> as -Æsop has demonstrated. Finally, "Unlaid eggs are -uncertain chickens" (German).<a name="FNanchor_528_528" id="FNanchor_528_528"></a><a href="#Footnote_528_528" class="fnanchor">[528]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Praise a fair day at night.</b></p> - -<p><b>It is not good praising a ford till a man be over.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Don't halloo till you are out of the wood.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Don't cry 'Hey!' till you are over the ditch" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_529_529" id="FNanchor_529_529"></a><a href="#Footnote_529_529" class="fnanchor">[529]</a> "Look to the end" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_530_530" id="FNanchor_530_530"></a><a href="#Footnote_530_530" class="fnanchor">[530]</a> "No man -can with certainty be called happy before his death," -as the Grecian sage told Crœsus. "Call me not olive -till you see me gathered" (Spanish)."<a name="FNanchor_531_531" id="FNanchor_531_531"></a><a href="#Footnote_531_531" class="fnanchor">[531]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>To build castles in the air.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To let imagination beguile us with visionary prospects. -The metaphor is intelligible to everybody, but that in -the French equivalent, "To build castles in Spain,"<a name="FNanchor_532_532" id="FNanchor_532_532"></a><a href="#Footnote_532_532" class="fnanchor">[532]</a> -requires explanation. The Abbé Morellet ascribes the -origin of this phrase to the general belief in the boundless -wealth of Spain after she had become mistress of -the mines of Mexico and Peru. This is plausible but -wrong, for the "Roman de la Rose," which was published -long before the discovery of America, contains this line, -<i>Lors feras chasteaulx en Espagne.</i> M. Quitard says -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_143" id="Page_143">[143]</a></span>that the proverb dates from the latter part of the -eleventh century, when Henri de Bourgogne crossed the -Pyrenees at the head of a great number of knights to -win glory and plunder from the Infidels, and received -from Alfonso, king of Castile, in reward for his services, -the hand of that sovereign's daughter, Theresa, and the -county of Lusitania, which, under his son Alfonso -Henriquez, became the kingdom of Portugal. The -success of these illustrious adventurers excited the -emulation of the warlike French nobles, and set every -man dreaming of fiefs to be won, and castles to be -built in Spain. Similar feelings had been awakened -some years before by the conquest of England by -William of Normandy, and then the French talked -proverbially of "Building castles in Albany,"<a name="FNanchor_533_533" id="FNanchor_533_533"></a><a href="#Footnote_533_533" class="fnanchor">[533]</a> that is, -in Albion. It is worthy of remark that previously to -the eleventh century there were hardly any castles built -in Christian Spain, or by the Saxons in England. The -new adventurers had to build for themselves.</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>Don't tell the devil too much of your mind.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Be not too forward to proclaim your intentions. -"Tell your business, and leave the devil alone to do it -for you" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_534_534" id="FNanchor_534_534"></a><a href="#Footnote_534_534" class="fnanchor">[534]</a> "A wise man," Selden tells us, -"should never resolve upon anything—at least, never -let the world know his resolution, for if he cannot -arrive at that he is ashamed. How many things did -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_144" id="Page_144">[144]</a></span>the king resolve, in his declaration concerning Scotland, -never to do, and yet did them all! A man must do -according to accidents and emergencies. Never tell -your resolution beforehand, but when the cast is -thrown play it as well as you can to win the game you -are at. 'Tis but folly to study how to play size ace -when you know not whether you shall throw it or no." -"Muddy though it be, say not, 'Of this water I will -not drink'" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_535_535" id="FNanchor_535_535"></a><a href="#Footnote_535_535" class="fnanchor">[535]</a> "There is no use in saying, -'Such a way I will not go, or such water I will not -drink'" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_536_536" id="FNanchor_536_536"></a><a href="#Footnote_536_536" class="fnanchor">[536]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>There's many a slip 'twixt the cup and the lip.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Between the hand and the mouth the soup is -often spilt" (French).<a name="FNanchor_537_537" id="FNanchor_537_537"></a><a href="#Footnote_537_537" class="fnanchor">[537]</a> "Wine poured out is not -swallowed" (French).<a name="FNanchor_538_538" id="FNanchor_538_538"></a><a href="#Footnote_538_538" class="fnanchor">[538]</a> These three proverbs are -derived from the same Greek original, the English one -being nearest to it in form. A king of Samos tasked -his slaves unmercifully in laying out a vineyard, and -one of them, exasperated by this ill usage, prophesied -that his master would never drink of the wine of that -vineyard. Eager to confute this prediction, the king -took the first grapes produced by his vines, pressed -them into a cup in the slave's presence, and derided -him as a false prophet. The slave replied, "Many -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_145" id="Page_145">[145]</a></span>things happen between the cup and the lip;" and -these words became a proverb, for just then a cry was -raised that a wild boar had broken into the vineyard, -and the king, setting down the untested cup, went to -meet the beast, and was killed in the encounter.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>God send you readier meat than running hares.</b></p> - -<p><b>A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.</b></p> - -<p><b>Better a wren in the hand than a crane in the air.</b>—<i>Irish</i> and <i>French</i>.<a name="FNanchor_539_539" id="FNanchor_539_539"></a><a href="#Footnote_539_539" class="fnanchor">[539]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Cranes were in much request for the table down to -the end of the fourteenth century, if not later. -"Better a leveret in the kitchen than a wild boar in the -forest" (Livonian). "Better is an egg to-day than a -pullet to-morrow" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_540_540" id="FNanchor_540_540"></a><a href="#Footnote_540_540" class="fnanchor">[540]</a> "One here-it-is is better -than two you-shall-have-it's" (French).<a name="FNanchor_541_541" id="FNanchor_541_541"></a><a href="#Footnote_541_541" class="fnanchor">[541]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Possession is nine points of the law.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>And there are only ten of them in all. Others -reckon possession as eleven points, the whole number -being twelve. "Him that is in possession God helps" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_542_542" id="FNanchor_542_542"></a><a href="#Footnote_542_542" class="fnanchor">[542]</a> "Possession is as good as title" (French).<a name="FNanchor_543_543" id="FNanchor_543_543"></a><a href="#Footnote_543_543" class="fnanchor">[543]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>I'll not change a cottage in possession for a kingdom in reversion.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Better haud by a hair nor draw by a tether.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_146" id="Page_146">[146]</a></span> -<b>He that waits for dead men's shoes may long go barefoot.</b> -</p> -<p><b>He gaes lang barefoot that wears dead men's shoon.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He hauls at a long rope who desires another's -death" (French).<a name="FNanchor_544_544" id="FNanchor_544_544"></a><a href="#Footnote_544_544" class="fnanchor">[544]</a> "He who waits for another's trencher -eats a cold meal" (Catalan).<a name="FNanchor_545_545" id="FNanchor_545_545"></a><a href="#Footnote_545_545" class="fnanchor">[545]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Live, horse, and you'll get grass.</b><a name="FNanchor_546_546" id="FNanchor_546_546"></a><a href="#Footnote_546_546" class="fnanchor">[546]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Die not, O mine ass, for the spring is coming, -and with it clover" (Turkish). Unfortunately, "For -the hungry, <i>wait</i> is a hard word" (German);<a name="FNanchor_547_547" id="FNanchor_547_547"></a><a href="#Footnote_547_547" class="fnanchor">[547]</a> and</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>While the grass grows the steed starves.</b></p> - -<p><b>The old horse may die waiting for new grass.</b> -</p> - -<p class="p2"><b>Hope holds up the head.</b></p> - -<p><b>Hope is the bread of the unhappy.</b></p> - -<p><b>Were it not for hope the heart would break.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that lives on hope has a slim diet.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>Aubrey relates that Lord Bacon, being in York -House garden, looking on fishers as they were throwing -their net, asked them what they would take for their -draught. They answered so much. His lordship would -offer them only so much. They drew up their net, and -in it were only two or three little fishes. His lordship -then told them it had been better for them to have -taken his offer. They replied, they hoped to have had -a better draught; but, said his lordship,—</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_147" id="Page_147">[147]</a></span> - -<b>"Hope is a good breakfast, but a bad supper."</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Hope and expectation are a fool's income" -(Danish).<a name="FNanchor_548_548" id="FNanchor_548_548"></a><a href="#Footnote_548_548" class="fnanchor">[548]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Hopes deferred hang the heart on tenter hooks.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He gives twice who gives quickly" (Latin);<a name="FNanchor_549_549" id="FNanchor_549_549"></a><a href="#Footnote_549_549" class="fnanchor">[549]</a> and -"A prompt refusal has in part the grace of a favour -granted" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_550_550" id="FNanchor_550_550"></a><a href="#Footnote_550_550" class="fnanchor">[550]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>All is not at hand that helps.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>We cannot foresee whence help may come to us, nor -always trace back to their sources the advantages we -actually enjoy. "Water comes to the mill from afar" -(Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_551_551" id="FNanchor_551_551"></a><a href="#Footnote_551_551" class="fnanchor">[551]</a> On the other hand, "Far water does -not put out near fire" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_552_552" id="FNanchor_552_552"></a><a href="#Footnote_552_552" class="fnanchor">[552]</a> and "Better is a near -neighbour than a distant cousin" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_553_553" id="FNanchor_553_553"></a><a href="#Footnote_553_553" class="fnanchor">[553]</a> "Friends -living far away are no friends" (Greek).<a name="FNanchor_554_554" id="FNanchor_554_554"></a><a href="#Footnote_554_554" class="fnanchor">[554]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_523_523" id="Footnote_523_523"></a><a href="#FNanchor_523_523"><span class="label">[523]</span></a> In French, L'homme propose, Dieu dispose; in German, -Man denkt's, Gott lenkt's. The Spanish form is a little different: -Los dichos en nos, los hechos en Dios.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_524_524" id="Footnote_524_524"></a><a href="#FNanchor_524_524"><span class="label">[524]</span></a> Roep geen haring eer hij in't net is.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_525_525" id="Footnote_525_525"></a><a href="#FNanchor_525_525"><span class="label">[525]</span></a> Ante victoriam canere triumphum.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_526_526" id="Footnote_526_526"></a><a href="#FNanchor_526_526"><span class="label">[526]</span></a> Vender l'uccello in sù la frasca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_527_527" id="Footnote_527_527"></a><a href="#FNanchor_527_527"><span class="label">[527]</span></a> Non vender la pelle dell' orso prima di pigliarlo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_528_528" id="Footnote_528_528"></a><a href="#FNanchor_528_528"><span class="label">[528]</span></a> Ungelegte Eier sind ungewisse Hünnlein.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_529_529" id="Footnote_529_529"></a><a href="#FNanchor_529_529"><span class="label">[529]</span></a> Rufe nicht "Juch!" bis du über den Graben bist.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_530_530" id="Footnote_530_530"></a><a href="#FNanchor_530_530"><span class="label">[530]</span></a> Respice finem.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_531_531" id="Footnote_531_531"></a><a href="#FNanchor_531_531"><span class="label">[531]</span></a> No me digas oliva hasta que me veas cogida.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_532_532" id="Footnote_532_532"></a><a href="#FNanchor_532_532"><span class="label">[532]</span></a> Faire des châteaux en Espagne.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_533_533" id="Footnote_533_533"></a><a href="#FNanchor_533_533"><span class="label">[533]</span></a> Faire des chasteaulx en Albanie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_534_534" id="Footnote_534_534"></a><a href="#FNanchor_534_534"><span class="label">[534]</span></a> Di il fatto tuo, e lascia far al diavolo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_535_535" id="Footnote_535_535"></a><a href="#FNanchor_535_535"><span class="label">[535]</span></a> Por turbia que esté, no digas desta agua no bebere.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_536_536" id="Footnote_536_536"></a><a href="#FNanchor_536_536"><span class="label">[536]</span></a> Non giova a dire per tal via non passerò, ni di tal acqua -beverò.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_537_537" id="Footnote_537_537"></a><a href="#FNanchor_537_537"><span class="label">[537]</span></a> De la main à la bouche se perd souvent la soupe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_538_538" id="Footnote_538_538"></a><a href="#FNanchor_538_538"><span class="label">[538]</span></a> Vin versé n'est pas avalé.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_539_539" id="Footnote_539_539"></a><a href="#FNanchor_539_539"><span class="label">[539]</span></a> Moineau en main vaut mieux que grue qui vole.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_540_540" id="Footnote_540_540"></a><a href="#FNanchor_540_540"><span class="label">[540]</span></a> E meglio aver oggi un uovo che domani una gallina.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_541_541" id="Footnote_541_541"></a><a href="#FNanchor_541_541"><span class="label">[541]</span></a> Mieux vaut un tenez que deux vous l'aurez.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_542_542" id="Footnote_542_542"></a><a href="#FNanchor_542_542"><span class="label">[542]</span></a> A chi è in tenuta, Dio gli aiuta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_543_543" id="Footnote_543_543"></a><a href="#FNanchor_543_543"><span class="label">[543]</span></a> Possession vaut titre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_544_544" id="Footnote_544_544"></a><a href="#FNanchor_544_544"><span class="label">[544]</span></a> A longue corde tire, qui d'autrui mort désire.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_545_545" id="Footnote_545_545"></a><a href="#FNanchor_545_545"><span class="label">[545]</span></a> Qui escudella d'altri espera, freda la menja.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_546_546" id="Footnote_546_546"></a><a href="#FNanchor_546_546"><span class="label">[546]</span></a> In Italian, Caval non morire, che erba da venire.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_547_547" id="Footnote_547_547"></a><a href="#FNanchor_547_547"><span class="label">[547]</span></a> Dem Hungrigen ist "Harr" ein hart Wort.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_548_548" id="Footnote_548_548"></a><a href="#FNanchor_548_548"><span class="label">[548]</span></a> Haabe og vente er Giekerente.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_549_549" id="Footnote_549_549"></a><a href="#FNanchor_549_549"><span class="label">[549]</span></a> Bis dat, qui cito dat.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_550_550" id="Footnote_550_550"></a><a href="#FNanchor_550_550"><span class="label">[550]</span></a> Pars est beneficii quod petitur si cito neges.—<i>Publius -Syrus.</i></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_551_551" id="Footnote_551_551"></a><a href="#FNanchor_551_551"><span class="label">[551]</span></a> De lomge vem agoa a o moinho.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_552_552" id="Footnote_552_552"></a><a href="#FNanchor_552_552"><span class="label">[552]</span></a> Acqua lontana non spegne il fuoco vicino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_553_553" id="Footnote_553_553"></a><a href="#FNanchor_553_553"><span class="label">[553]</span></a> Meglio un prossimo vicino che un lontano cugino.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_554_554" id="Footnote_554_554"></a><a href="#FNanchor_554_554"><span class="label">[554]</span></a> Τηλου ναιοντες φιλοι ουκ εισι φιλοι.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_148" id="Page_148">[148]</a></span></p> - -<h2>EXPERIENCE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Bought wit is best.</b></p> - -<p><b>Wit once bought is worth twice taught.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Hang a dog on a crabtree, and he'll never love verjuice.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A burnt child dreads the fire.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Fear is so imaginative that it starts even at the -ghost of a remembered danger. "A scalded dog -dreads cold water" (French, Italian, Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_555_555" id="FNanchor_555_555"></a><a href="#Footnote_555_555" class="fnanchor">[555]</a> "A -dog which has been beaten with a stick is afraid of its -shadow" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_556_556" id="FNanchor_556_556"></a><a href="#Footnote_556_556" class="fnanchor">[556]</a> "Whom a serpent has bitten, a -lizard alarms" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_557_557" id="FNanchor_557_557"></a><a href="#Footnote_557_557" class="fnanchor">[557]</a> "One who has been bitten -by a serpent is afraid of a rope" (Hebrew). "The -man who has been beaten with a firebrand runs away -at the sight of a firefly" (Cingalese). "He that has -been wrecked shudders even at still water" (Ovid).<a name="FNanchor_558_558" id="FNanchor_558_558"></a><a href="#Footnote_558_558" class="fnanchor">[558]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Experience is the mistress of fools.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>She keeps a dear school, says Poor Richard; but -fools will learn in no other, and scarce in that. "An -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_149" id="Page_149">[149]</a></span>ass does not stumble twice over the same stone" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_559_559" id="FNanchor_559_559"></a><a href="#Footnote_559_559" class="fnanchor">[559]</a> "Unfairly does he blame Neptune who -suffers shipwreck a second time" (Publius Syrus).<a name="FNanchor_560_560" id="FNanchor_560_560"></a><a href="#Footnote_560_560" class="fnanchor">[560]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that will not be ruled by the rudder must be ruled by the rock.</b>—<i>Cornish.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Better learn frae your neebor's scathe than frae your ain.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Wise men learn by others' harms, fools by their own, -like Epimetheus, the Greek personification of after-wit.<a name="FNanchor_561_561" id="FNanchor_561_561"></a><a href="#Footnote_561_561" class="fnanchor">[561]</a> -"Happy he who is made wary by others' perils" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_562_562" id="FNanchor_562_562"></a><a href="#Footnote_562_562" class="fnanchor">[562]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Old birds are not to be caught with chaff.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Old crows are hard to catch" (German).<a name="FNanchor_563_563" id="FNanchor_563_563"></a><a href="#Footnote_563_563" class="fnanchor">[563]</a> "New -nets don't catch old birds" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_564_564" id="FNanchor_564_564"></a><a href="#Footnote_564_564" class="fnanchor">[564]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>I'm ower auld a cat to draw a strae [straw] afore my nose.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, I am not to be gulled. A kitten will jump -at a straw drawn before her, but a cat that knows the -world is not to be fooled in that way.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Don't tell new lies to old rogues.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that cheats me ance, shame fa' him; if he cheats me twice, -shame fa' me.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>It is a silly fish that is caught twice with the same bait.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The French have a humorous equivalent for this -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_150" id="Page_150">[150]</a></span>proverb, growing out of the following story:—A young -rustic told his priest at confession that he had broken -down a neighbour's hedge to get at a blackbird's nest. -The priest asked if he had taken away the young birds. -"No," said he, "they were hardly grown enough. I -will let them alone until Saturday evening." No more -was said on the subject, but when Saturday evening -came, the young fellow found the nest empty, and -readily guessed who it was that had forestalled him. -The next time he went to confession he had to tell -something in which a young girl was partly concerned. -"Oh!" said his ghostly father; "how old is she?" -"Seventeen." "Good-looking?" "The prettiest girl -in the village." "What is her name? Where does -she live?" the confessor hastily inquired; and then -he got for answer the phrase which has passed into a -proverb, "À d'autres, dénicheur de merles!" which -may be paraphrased, "Try that upon somebody else, -Mr. filcher of blackbirds."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When an old dog barks look out.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"An old dog does not bark for nothing" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_565_565" id="FNanchor_565_565"></a><a href="#Footnote_565_565" class="fnanchor">[565]</a> -"There is no hunting but with old hounds" (French).<a name="FNanchor_566_566" id="FNanchor_566_566"></a><a href="#Footnote_566_566" class="fnanchor">[566]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Live and learn.</b></p> - -<p><b>The langer we live the mair ferlies [wonders] we see.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_151" id="Page_151">[151]</a></span> -<b>Adversity makes a man wise, not rich.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Wind in the face makes a man wise" (French).<a name="FNanchor_567_567" id="FNanchor_567_567"></a><a href="#Footnote_567_567" class="fnanchor">[567]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A smooth sea never made a skilful mariner.</b> -</p> -<p><b>It is hard to halt before a cripple.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is hard to counterfeit lameness successfully in -presence of a real cripple. "He who is of the craft -can discourse about it." (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_568_568" id="FNanchor_568_568"></a><a href="#Footnote_568_568" class="fnanchor">[568]</a> "Don't talk Latin -before clerks" (French),<a name="FNanchor_569_569" id="FNanchor_569_569"></a><a href="#Footnote_569_569" class="fnanchor">[569]</a> or "Arabic in the Moor's -house" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_570_570" id="FNanchor_570_570"></a><a href="#Footnote_570_570" class="fnanchor">[570]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The proof of the pudding is in the eating.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Do not judge of the ship while it is on the stocks" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_571_571" id="FNanchor_571_571"></a><a href="#Footnote_571_571" class="fnanchor">[571]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>War's sweet to them that never tried it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_555_555" id="Footnote_555_555"></a><a href="#FNanchor_555_555"><span class="label">[555]</span></a> Chat échaudé craint l'eau froide.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_556_556" id="Footnote_556_556"></a><a href="#FNanchor_556_556"><span class="label">[556]</span></a> Il can battuto dal bastone, ha paura dell' ombra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_557_557" id="Footnote_557_557"></a><a href="#FNanchor_557_557"><span class="label">[557]</span></a> Chi della <span class="err" title="original: serpa">serpe</span> è punto, ha paura della lucertola.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_558_558" id="Footnote_558_558"></a><a href="#FNanchor_558_558"><span class="label">[558]</span></a> Tranquillas etiam naufragus horret aquas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_559_559" id="Footnote_559_559"></a><a href="#FNanchor_559_559"><span class="label">[559]</span></a> Un âne ne trébuche pas deux fois sur la même pierre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_560_560" id="Footnote_560_560"></a><a href="#FNanchor_560_560"><span class="label">[560]</span></a> Improbe Neptunum accusat qui iterum naufragium facit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_561_561" id="Footnote_561_561"></a><a href="#FNanchor_561_561"><span class="label">[561]</span></a> Ὁϛ ἐπεί κακὸν ἒχε νόησε.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_562_562" id="Footnote_562_562"></a><a href="#FNanchor_562_562"><span class="label">[562]</span></a> Felix quem faciunt aliena pericula cautum.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_563_563" id="Footnote_563_563"></a><a href="#FNanchor_563_563"><span class="label">[563]</span></a> Alte Krähen sind schwer zu fangen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_564_564" id="Footnote_564_564"></a><a href="#FNanchor_564_564"><span class="label">[564]</span></a> Nuova rete non piglia uccello vecchio.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_565_565" id="Footnote_565_565"></a><a href="#FNanchor_565_565"><span class="label">[565]</span></a> Cane vecchio non baia indarno.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_566_566" id="Footnote_566_566"></a><a href="#FNanchor_566_566"><span class="label">[566]</span></a> Il n'est chasse que de vieux chiens.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_567_567" id="Footnote_567_567"></a><a href="#FNanchor_567_567"><span class="label">[567]</span></a> Vent au visage rend un homme sage.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_568_568" id="Footnote_568_568"></a><a href="#FNanchor_568_568"><span class="label">[568]</span></a> Chi è dell'arte, può ragionar della.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_569_569" id="Footnote_569_569"></a><a href="#FNanchor_569_569"><span class="label">[569]</span></a> Il ne faut pas parler latin devant les clercs.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_570_570" id="Footnote_570_570"></a><a href="#FNanchor_570_570"><span class="label">[570]</span></a> In casa del moro no hablar algarabia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_571_571" id="Footnote_571_571"></a><a href="#FNanchor_571_571"><span class="label">[571]</span></a> Non giudicar la nave stando in terra.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_152" id="Page_152">[152]</a></span> -</p> -<h2>CHOICE. DILEMMA. COMPARISON.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>Pick and choose, and take the worst.</b></p> - -<p><b>The lass that has mony wooers aft wales [chooses] the warst.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Refuse a wife with one fault, and take one with two.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>"He that has a choice has trouble" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_572_572" id="FNanchor_572_572"></a><a href="#Footnote_572_572" class="fnanchor">[572]</a> "He -that chooses takes the worst" (French).<a name="FNanchor_573_573" id="FNanchor_573_573"></a><a href="#Footnote_573_573" class="fnanchor">[573]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p class="p2"><b>Of two evils choose the least.</b></p> - -<p><b>Where bad is the best, naught must be the choice.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A traveller in America, inquiring his way, was told -there were two roads, one long, and the other short, -and that it mattered not which he took. Surprised -at such a direction, he asked, "Can there be a doubt -about the choice between the long and the short?" and -the answer was, "Why, no matter which of the two -you take, you will not have gone far in it before you -will wish from the bottom of your heart that you had -taken t'other."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_153" id="Page_153">[153]</a></span> - -<b>"There's ne'er a best among them," as the fellow said of the fox cubs.</b></p> - -<p><b>As good eat the devil as the broth he's boiled in.</b></p> - -<p><b>Out of the fryingpan into the fire.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>To escape from one evil and incur another as bad or -worse is an idea expressed in many proverbial metaphors; -<i>e.g.</i>, "To come out of the rain under the spout" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_574_574" id="FNanchor_574_574"></a><a href="#Footnote_574_574" class="fnanchor">[574]</a> "Flying from the bull, I fell into the -river" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_575_575" id="FNanchor_575_575"></a><a href="#Footnote_575_575" class="fnanchor">[575]</a> "To break the constable's head -and take refuge with the sheriff" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_576_576" id="FNanchor_576_576"></a><a href="#Footnote_576_576" class="fnanchor">[576]</a> "To -shun Charybdis and strike upon Scylla" is a well-known -phrase, which almost everybody supposes to have -been current among the ancients. It is not to be -found, however, in any classical author, but appears -for the first time in the Alexandriad of Philip Gaultier, -a medieval Latin poet. In his fifth book he thus -apostrophises Darius when flying from Alexander:—</p> - -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"Nescis, heu! perdite, nescis</div> -<div class="i0">Quem fugias: hostes incurris dum fugis hostem;</div> -<div class="i0">Incidis in Scyllam cupiens vitare Charybdim."</div> -</div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Go forward, and fall; go backward, and mar all.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A precipice ahead; wolves behind" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_577_577" id="FNanchor_577_577"></a><a href="#Footnote_577_577" class="fnanchor">[577]</a> "To -be between the hammer and the anvil" (French).<a name="FNanchor_578_578" id="FNanchor_578_578"></a><a href="#Footnote_578_578" class="fnanchor">[578]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>You may go farther and fare worse.</b></p> - -<p><b>To be between the devil and the deep sea.</b></p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_154" id="Page_154">[154]</a></span> -<b>The one-eyed is a king in the land of the blind.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"A substitute shines brightly as a king</div> -<div class="i0">Until a king be by."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>"Where there are no dogs the fox is a king" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_579_579" id="FNanchor_579_579"></a><a href="#Footnote_579_579" class="fnanchor">[579]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>They that be in hell think there is no other heaven.</b> -</p> - -<p><b>It is good to have two strings to one's bow.</b> -</p> -<p><b>It is good riding at two anchors.</b> -</p> -<p><b>He is no fox that hath but one hole.</b> -</p> -<p><b>The mouse that has but one hole is soon caught.</b> <span class="err">(Latin)</span><a name="FNanchor_580_580" id="FNanchor_580_580"></a><a href="#Footnote_580_580" class="fnanchor">[580]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Do not put all your eggs in one basket</b>; -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">nor "too many of them under one hen" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_581_581" id="FNanchor_581_581"></a><a href="#Footnote_581_581" class="fnanchor">[581]</a> -"Hang not all upon one nail" (German),<a name="FNanchor_582_582" id="FNanchor_582_582"></a><a href="#Footnote_582_582" class="fnanchor">[582]</a> nor risk -your whole fortune upon one venture.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Comparisons are odious.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_572_572" id="Footnote_572_572"></a><a href="#FNanchor_572_572"><span class="label">[572]</span></a> Die keur heeft, heeft angst.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_573_573" id="Footnote_573_573"></a><a href="#FNanchor_573_573"><span class="label">[573]</span></a> Qui choisit prend le pire.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_574_574" id="Footnote_574_574"></a><a href="#FNanchor_574_574"><span class="label">[574]</span></a> Aus dem hegen unter die Traufe kommen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_575_575" id="Footnote_575_575"></a><a href="#FNanchor_575_575"><span class="label">[575]</span></a> Huyendo del tore, cayó en el arroyo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_576_576" id="Footnote_576_576"></a><a href="#FNanchor_576_576"><span class="label">[576]</span></a> Descalabrar el alguacil, y accogerse al corregidor.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_577_577" id="Footnote_577_577"></a><a href="#FNanchor_577_577"><span class="label">[577]</span></a> A fronte præcipitium, a tergo lupi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_578_578" id="Footnote_578_578"></a><a href="#FNanchor_578_578"><span class="label">[578]</span></a> Être entre le marteau et l'enclume.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_579_579" id="Footnote_579_579"></a><a href="#FNanchor_579_579"><span class="label">[579]</span></a> Dove non sono i cani, la volpe è re.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_580_580" id="Footnote_580_580"></a><a href="#FNanchor_580_580"><span class="label">[580]</span></a> Mus uni non fidit antro.—<i>Plautus.</i></p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_581_581" id="Footnote_581_581"></a><a href="#FNanchor_581_581"><span class="label">[581]</span></a> Man moet niet te viel eijeren onder eene hen leggen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_582_582" id="Footnote_582_582"></a><a href="#FNanchor_582_582"><span class="label">[582]</span></a> Henke nicht alles auf einen Nagel.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_155" id="Page_155">[155]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SHIFTS. CONTRIVANCES. STRAINED -USES.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>A bad shift is better than none.</b></p> - -<p><b>Better sup wi' a cutty nor want a spune.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A cutty is a spoon with a stumpy handle or none at -all. It is not a very convenient implement, but it will -serve at a pinch.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A bad bush is better than the open field.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A wee bush is better nor nae bield.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Bield, shelter. A man's present occupation may -not be lucrative, or his connections as serviceable as he -could wish, but he should not therefore quit them -until he has better.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Half a loaf is better than no bread.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"><b>I will make a shaft or a bolt of it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A shaft is an arrow for the longbow, a bolt is for the -crossbow.</p> - -<blockquote><p class="p2"> -<b>If I canna do it by might I'll do it by slight.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"It's best no to be rash," said Edie Ochiltree—</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_156" id="Page_156">[156]</a></span> - -<b>Sticking disna gang by strength, but by the guiding o' the gully.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A gully is a butcher's knife. There is a knack even -in slaughtering a pig.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>There goes reason to the roasting of eggs.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Many ways to kill a dog besides hanging him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A story told by the African traveller, Richardson, -supplies an apt illustration of this proverb. An Arab -woman preferred another man to her husband, and -frankly confessed that her affections had strayed. Her -lord, instead of flying into a passion and killing her on -the spot, thought a moment, and said, "I will consent -to divorce you if you will promise me one thing." -"What is that?" the wife eagerly asked. "You must -<i>looloo</i> to me only on your wedding day." This <i>looloo</i> -is a peculiar cry with which it is customary for brides -to salute any handsome passer-by. The woman gave -the promise required, the divorce took place, and the -marriage followed. On the day of the ceremony the -ex-husband passed the camel on which the bride rode, -and gave her the usual salute by discharging his -firelock, in return for which she loolooed to him according -to promise. The new bridegroom, enraged at this -marked preference—for he noticed that she had not -greeted any one else—and suspecting that he was -duped, instantly fell upon the bride and slew her. -He had no sooner done so than her brothers came up -and shot him dead, so that the first husband found -himself amply avenged without having endangered<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_157" id="Page_157">[157]</a></span> -himself in the slightest degree. "Contrivance is -better than force" (French).<a name="FNanchor_583_583" id="FNanchor_583_583"></a><a href="#Footnote_583_583" class="fnanchor">[583]</a> Lysander of Sparta was -reproached for relying too little on open valour in war, -and too much on ruses not always worthy of a -descendant of Hercules. He replied, in allusion to the -skin of the Nemæan beast worn by his great ancestor, -"Where the lion's skin comes short we must eke it out -with the fox's."</p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>It is easy to find a stick to beat a dog</b>; <i>or</i>,</div> -<div><b>It is easy to find a stone to throw at a dog.</b></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>It is easy for the strong to find an excuse for maltreating -the weak. "On a little pretext the wolf -seizes the sheep" (French),<a name="FNanchor_584_584" id="FNanchor_584_584"></a><a href="#Footnote_584_584" class="fnanchor">[584]</a> or the lamb, as the fable -shows. "If you want to flog your dog say he ate the -poker" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_585_585" id="FNanchor_585_585"></a><a href="#Footnote_585_585" class="fnanchor">[585]</a> "If a man wants to thrash his -wife, let him ask her for drink in the sunshine" -(Spanish),<a name="FNanchor_586_586" id="FNanchor_586_586"></a><a href="#Footnote_586_586" class="fnanchor">[586]</a> for then what can be easier for him than -to pick a quarrel with her about the motes in the -clearest water?</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A handsaw is a good thing, but not to shave with.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Everything to its proper use. In Italy they say, -"With the Gospel sometimes one becomes a heretic." -Disraeli, and after him Dean Trench, have given to this -proverb an erroneous interpretation, founded on a false -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_158" id="Page_158">[158]</a></span>reading. Their version of it is "Coll' Evangelo si -diventa heretico." Here there is no qualifying -"sometimes;" the proposition is put absolutely, and the -two English writers consider it to be a popular "confession -that the maintenance of the Romish system -and the study of Holy Scripture cannot go together." -It would certainly be "not a little remarkable," if it -were true, "that such a confession should have -embodied itself in the popular utterances of the nation;" -but the fact is that nothing more is meant by the -proverb than what the Inquisition itself might sanction. -It is only a pointed way of saying that anything, however -good, is liable to be used mischievously.<a name="FNanchor_587_587" id="FNanchor_587_587"></a><a href="#Footnote_587_587" class="fnanchor">[587]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_583_583" id="Footnote_583_583"></a><a href="#FNanchor_583_583"><span class="label">[583]</span></a> Mieux vaut engin que force.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_584_584" id="Footnote_584_584"></a><a href="#FNanchor_584_584"><span class="label">[584]</span></a> À petite achoison le loup prend le mouton.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_585_585" id="Footnote_585_585"></a><a href="#FNanchor_585_585"><span class="label">[585]</span></a> Para azotar el perro, que se come el hierro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_586_586" id="Footnote_586_586"></a><a href="#FNanchor_586_586"><span class="label">[586]</span></a> Quien quiere dar palos á su muger, pidele al sol á bever.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_587_587" id="Footnote_587_587"></a><a href="#FNanchor_587_587"><span class="label">[587]</span></a> "Con l'Evangelo talvolta si diventa eretico" is the original, -as given by Toriano in his folio collection of Italian proverbs, -London, 1666. In Giusti's "Raccolta," &c., Firenza, 1853, we -read, "Col Vangelo si può diventar eretici," to which the editor -appends this gloss, "Ogni cosa può torcersi a male."</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_159" id="Page_159">[159]</a></span></p> -<h2>ADVICE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that will not be counselled cannot be helped.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He who will not go to heaven needs no preaching" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_588_588" id="FNanchor_588_588"></a><a href="#Footnote_588_588" class="fnanchor">[588]</a> "He that will not hear must feel" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_589_589" id="FNanchor_589_589"></a><a href="#Footnote_589_589" class="fnanchor">[589]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Two heads are better than one.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Four eyes see more than two" (Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_590_590" id="FNanchor_590_590"></a><a href="#Footnote_590_590" class="fnanchor">[590]</a> and -"More know the pope and a peasant than the pope -alone,"<a name="FNanchor_591_591" id="FNanchor_591_591"></a><a href="#Footnote_591_591" class="fnanchor">[591]</a> as they say in Venice.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Come na to the council unca'd.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Never give advice unasked" (German).<a name="FNanchor_592_592" id="FNanchor_592_592"></a><a href="#Footnote_592_592" class="fnanchor">[592]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Every one thinks himself able to advise another.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Nothing is given so freely as advice" (French).<a name="FNanchor_593_593" id="FNanchor_593_593"></a><a href="#Footnote_593_593" class="fnanchor">[593]</a> -"Of judgment every one has a stock for sale" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_594_594" id="FNanchor_594_594"></a><a href="#Footnote_594_594" class="fnanchor">[594]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_160" id="Page_160">[160]</a></span> - -<b>He that kisseth his wife in the market-place shall have people enough -to teach him.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He who builds according to every man's advice will -have a crooked house" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_595_595" id="FNanchor_595_595"></a><a href="#Footnote_595_595" class="fnanchor">[595]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that speers a' opinions comes ill speed.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"If you want to get into the bog ask five fools the -way to the wood" (Livonian). "Take help of many, -counsel of few" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_596_596" id="FNanchor_596_596"></a><a href="#Footnote_596_596" class="fnanchor">[596]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A fool may put something in a wise man's head.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It was a saying of Cato the elder, that wise men -learnt more by fools than fools by wise men.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_588_588" id="Footnote_588_588"></a><a href="#FNanchor_588_588"><span class="label">[588]</span></a> Wer nicht in den Himmel will, braucht keine Predigt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_589_589" id="Footnote_589_589"></a><a href="#FNanchor_589_589"><span class="label">[589]</span></a> Wer nicht hören will, muss fühlen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_590_590" id="Footnote_590_590"></a><a href="#FNanchor_590_590"><span class="label">[590]</span></a> Mas veen quatro ojos que dos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_591_591" id="Footnote_591_591"></a><a href="#FNanchor_591_591"><span class="label">[591]</span></a> Sa più il papa e un contadino che il papa solo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_592_592" id="Footnote_592_592"></a><a href="#FNanchor_592_592"><span class="label">[592]</span></a> Rathe Niemand ungebeten.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_593_593" id="Footnote_593_593"></a><a href="#FNanchor_593_593"><span class="label">[593]</span></a> Rien ne se donne aussi libéralement que les conseils.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_594_594" id="Footnote_594_594"></a><a href="#FNanchor_594_594"><span class="label">[594]</span></a> Del judizio ognun ne vende.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_595_595" id="Footnote_595_595"></a><a href="#FNanchor_595_595"><span class="label">[595]</span></a> Hvo som bygger efter hver Mands Raad, hans Huser -kommer kroget at staae.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_596_596" id="Footnote_596_596"></a><a href="#FNanchor_596_596"><span class="label">[596]</span></a> Tag Mange til Hielp og Faa til Rad.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_161" id="Page_161">[161]</a></span></p> - -<h2>DETRACTION. CALUMNY. COMMON -FAME. GOOD REPUTE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>The smoke follows the fairest.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The original of this is in Aristophanes: it means -that</p> - -<blockquote><p> -"Envy doth merit like its shade pursue." -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"The best bearing trees are the most beaten" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_597_597" id="FNanchor_597_597"></a><a href="#Footnote_597_597" class="fnanchor">[597]</a> "It is only at the tree laden with fruit -that people throw stones" (French).<a name="FNanchor_598_598" id="FNanchor_598_598"></a><a href="#Footnote_598_598" class="fnanchor">[598]</a> "Towers," say -the Chinese, "are measured by their shadows, and -great men by their calumniators." An old French -proverb compares detraction to dogs that bark only -at the full moon, and never heed her in the quarter. -"If the fool has a hump," say the Livonians, "no one -notices it; if the wise man has a pimple everybody -talks about it."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Slander leaves a slur.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A blow of a fryingpan smuts, if it does not hurt" -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_162" id="Page_162">[162]</a></span>(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_599_599" id="FNanchor_599_599"></a><a href="#Footnote_599_599" class="fnanchor">[599]</a> The Arabs say, "Take a bit of mud, dab -it against the wall: if it does not stick it will leave its -mark;" and we have a similar proverb derived from -the Latin:<a name="FNanchor_600_600" id="FNanchor_600_600"></a><a href="#Footnote_600_600" class="fnanchor">[600]</a>—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Throw much dirt, and some will stick.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Fortunately</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>When the dirt's dry it will rub out.</b></p> - -<p><b>Ill-will never spoke well.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The evidence of a prejudiced witness is to be distrusted. -"He that is an enemy to the bride does not -speak well of the wedding" (Spanish);<a name="FNanchor_601_601" id="FNanchor_601_601"></a><a href="#Footnote_601_601" class="fnanchor">[601]</a> and "A runaway -monk never spoke in praise of his monastery" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_602_602" id="FNanchor_602_602"></a><a href="#Footnote_602_602" class="fnanchor">[602]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Give a dog an ill name and hang him.</b></p> - -<p><b>"I'll not beat thee, not abuse thee," said the Quaker to his dog; -"but I'll give thee an ill name."</b>—<i>Irish.</i> -</p> -<p><b>He that hath an ill name is half hanged.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A French proverb declares, with a still bolder figure, -that "Report hangs the man."<a name="FNanchor_603_603" id="FNanchor_603_603"></a><a href="#Footnote_603_603" class="fnanchor">[603]</a> The Spaniards say, -"Whoso wants to kill his dog has but to charge him -with madness."<a name="FNanchor_604_604" id="FNanchor_604_604"></a><a href="#Footnote_604_604" class="fnanchor">[604]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>All are not thieves that dogs bark at.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The innocent are sometimes cried down. "An -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_163" id="Page_163">[163]</a></span>honest man is not the worse because a dog barks at -him" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_605_605" id="FNanchor_605_605"></a><a href="#Footnote_605_605" class="fnanchor">[605]</a> "What cares lofty Diana for the -barking dog?" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_606_606" id="FNanchor_606_606"></a><a href="#Footnote_606_606" class="fnanchor">[606]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Common fame is seldom to blame.</b></p> - -<p><b>What everybody says must be true.</b></p> - -<p><b>It never smokes but there's a fire.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"There's never a cry of 'Wolf!' but the wolf is in -the district" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_607_607" id="FNanchor_607_607"></a><a href="#Footnote_607_607" class="fnanchor">[607]</a> "There's never much talk of -a thing but there's some truth in it" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_608_608" id="FNanchor_608_608"></a><a href="#Footnote_608_608" class="fnanchor">[608]</a> This -is the sense in which our droll English saying is -applied:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>"There was a thing in it!" quoth the fellow when he drank the -dishclout.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To accept the last half-dozen of proverbs too absolutely -would often lead us to uncharitable conclusions; -we must, therefore, temper our belief in these maxims -by means of their opposites, such as this:—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Common fame is a common liar.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Hearsay is half lies" (German, Italian).<a name="FNanchor_609_609" id="FNanchor_609_609"></a><a href="#Footnote_609_609" class="fnanchor">[609]</a> "Hear -the other side, and believe little" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_610_610" id="FNanchor_610_610"></a><a href="#Footnote_610_610" class="fnanchor">[610]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_164" id="Page_164">[164]</a></span> - -<b>A tale never loses in the telling.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Witness George Colman's story of the Three Black -Crows.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The devil is not so black as he is painted.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">Nor is the lion so fierce (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_611_611" id="FNanchor_611_611"></a><a href="#Footnote_611_611" class="fnanchor">[611]</a> "Report makes -the wolf bigger than he is" (German).<a name="FNanchor_612_612" id="FNanchor_612_612"></a><a href="#Footnote_612_612" class="fnanchor">[612]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>It is a sin to belie the devil.</b></p> - -<p><b>Give the devil his due.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"><b>If one's name be up he may lie in bed.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Get a good name and go to sleep" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_613_613" id="FNanchor_613_613"></a><a href="#Footnote_613_613" class="fnanchor">[613]</a> So -do many. Hence it is often better to intrust the -execution of a work to be done to an obscure man than -to one whose reputation is established.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>One man may better steal a horse than another look over the -hedge.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A good name covers theft" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_614_614" id="FNanchor_614_614"></a><a href="#Footnote_614_614" class="fnanchor">[614]</a> "The -honest man enjoys the theft" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_615_615" id="FNanchor_615_615"></a><a href="#Footnote_615_615" class="fnanchor">[615]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A gude name is sooner tint [lost] than won.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Once in folks' mouths, hardly ever well out of them -again" (German).<a name="FNanchor_616_616" id="FNanchor_616_616"></a><a href="#Footnote_616_616" class="fnanchor">[616]</a> "Good repute is like the cypress: -once cut, it never puts forth leaf again" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_617_617" id="FNanchor_617_617"></a><a href="#Footnote_617_617" class="fnanchor">[617]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_597_597" id="Footnote_597_597"></a><a href="#FNanchor_597_597"><span class="label">[597]</span></a> I megliori alberi sono i più battuti.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_598_598" id="Footnote_598_598"></a><a href="#FNanchor_598_598"><span class="label">[598]</span></a> On ne jette des pierres qu'à l'arbre chargé de fruits.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_599_599" id="Footnote_599_599"></a><a href="#FNanchor_599_599"><span class="label">[599]</span></a> El golpe de la sarten, aunque no duele, tizna.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_600_600" id="Footnote_600_600"></a><a href="#FNanchor_600_600"><span class="label">[600]</span></a> Calumniare audacter, aliquid adhærebit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_601_601" id="Footnote_601_601"></a><a href="#FNanchor_601_601"><span class="label">[601]</span></a> El que es enemigo de la novia no dice bien de la boda.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_602_602" id="Footnote_602_602"></a><a href="#FNanchor_602_602"><span class="label">[602]</span></a> Monaco vagabondo non disse mai lode del suo monastero.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_603_603" id="Footnote_603_603"></a><a href="#FNanchor_603_603"><span class="label">[603]</span></a> Le bruit pend l'homme.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_604_604" id="Footnote_604_604"></a><a href="#FNanchor_604_604"><span class="label">[604]</span></a> Quien á su perro quiere matas, rabia le ha de levantar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_605_605" id="Footnote_605_605"></a><a href="#FNanchor_605_605"><span class="label">[605]</span></a> Ærlig Mand er ei disværre, at en Hund göer ad ham.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_606_606" id="Footnote_606_606"></a><a href="#FNanchor_606_606"><span class="label">[606]</span></a> Latrantem curatne alta Diana canem?</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_607_607" id="Footnote_607_607"></a><a href="#FNanchor_607_607"><span class="label">[607]</span></a> E' non si grida mai al lupo, che non sia in paese.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_608_608" id="Footnote_608_608"></a><a href="#FNanchor_608_608"><span class="label">[608]</span></a> Non si dice mai tanto una cosa che non sia qualche cosa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_609_609" id="Footnote_609_609"></a><a href="#FNanchor_609_609"><span class="label">[609]</span></a> Hörensagen ist halb gelogen. Aver sentito dire è mezza -buggia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_610_610" id="Footnote_610_610"></a><a href="#FNanchor_610_610"><span class="label">[610]</span></a> Odi l'altra parte, e credi poco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_611_611" id="Footnote_611_611"></a><a href="#FNanchor_611_611"><span class="label">[611]</span></a> No es tan bravo el leon como le pintan.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_612_612" id="Footnote_612_612"></a><a href="#FNanchor_612_612"><span class="label">[612]</span></a> Geschrei macht den Wolf grösser als er ist.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_613_613" id="Footnote_613_613"></a><a href="#FNanchor_613_613"><span class="label">[613]</span></a> Cobra buena fama, y échate á dormir.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_614_614" id="Footnote_614_614"></a><a href="#FNanchor_614_614"><span class="label">[614]</span></a> Buena fama hurto encubre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_615_615" id="Footnote_615_615"></a><a href="#FNanchor_615_615"><span class="label">[615]</span></a> El buen hombre goza el hurto.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_616_616" id="Footnote_616_616"></a><a href="#FNanchor_616_616"><span class="label">[616]</span></a> Einmal in der Leute Mund, kommt man übel wieder heraus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_617_617" id="Footnote_617_617"></a><a href="#FNanchor_617_617"><span class="label">[617]</span></a> La buona fama è come il cipresso: una volta tagliato non -riverdisce più.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_165" id="Page_165">[165]</a></span></p> - -<h2>TRUTH. FALSEHOOD. HONESTY.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>A lie has no legs.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A proverb of eastern origin, meaning that a lie has -no stability: wrestle with it, and down it goes. The -Italians and Spaniards say, "A lie has short legs;"<a name="FNanchor_618_618" id="FNanchor_618_618"></a><a href="#Footnote_618_618" class="fnanchor">[618]</a> -and in the same sense "A liar is sooner caught than -a cripple."<a name="FNanchor_619_619" id="FNanchor_619_619"></a><a href="#Footnote_619_619" class="fnanchor">[619]</a> He trips up his own heels.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Liars should have good memories.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Memory in a liar is no more than needs," says -Fuller. "For, first, lies are hard to be remembered, -because many, whereas truth is but one: secondly, -because a lie cursorily told takes little footing and -settled fatness in the teller's memory, but prints itself -deeper in the hearer's, who takes the greater notice -because of the improbability and deformity thereof; -and one will remember the sight of a monster longer -than the sight of an handsome body. Hence come sit -to pass that when the liar hath forgotten himself his -auditors put him in mind of the lie, and take him -therein."</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_166" id="Page_166">[166]</a></span> - -<b>Fair fall truth and daylight.</b></p> - -<p><b>Speak truth and shame the devil.</b></p> - -<p><b>Truth and honesty keep the crown o' the causey.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>They march boldly along the middle of the roadway, -which was formerly the place of honour for pedestrians -in Scottish towns. "Truth seeks no corners" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_620_620" id="FNanchor_620_620"></a><a href="#Footnote_620_620" class="fnanchor">[620]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Truth may be blamed, but shall ne'er be shamed.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"It is mighty, and will prevail" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_621_621" id="FNanchor_621_621"></a><a href="#Footnote_621_621" class="fnanchor">[621]</a> "It is -God's daughter" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_622_622" id="FNanchor_622_622"></a><a href="#Footnote_622_622" class="fnanchor">[622]</a> "Truth and oil always -come to the surface" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_623_623" id="FNanchor_623_623"></a><a href="#Footnote_623_623" class="fnanchor">[623]</a> "It takes a good -many shovelfuls of earth to bury the truth" (German).<a name="FNanchor_624_624" id="FNanchor_624_624"></a><a href="#Footnote_624_624" class="fnanchor">[624]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Plain dealing is a jewel, but they that use it die beggars.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"He that speaks truth must have one foot in the -stirrup," say the Turks, who are a people by no means -addicted to lying. "People praise truth, but invite -lying to be their guest" (Lettish). "My gossips -dislike me because I tell them the truth" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_625_625" id="FNanchor_625_625"></a><a href="#Footnote_625_625" class="fnanchor">[625]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Truth has a good face, but ragged clothes.</b></p> - -<p><b>He that follows truth too near the heels will have dirt kicked in his -face.</b></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_167" id="Page_167">[167]</a></span> - -<b>Honesty is the best policy.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>Is it Charles Lamb who says that a rogue is a fool -with a circumbendibus?</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>An honest man's word is as good as his bond.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>And better than what is called "Connaught security: -three in a bond and a book oath."</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_618_618" id="Footnote_618_618"></a><a href="#FNanchor_618_618"><span class="label">[618]</span></a> La mentira tiene cortas las piernas. Le bugie hanno corte -le gambe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_619_619" id="Footnote_619_619"></a><a href="#FNanchor_619_619"><span class="label">[619]</span></a> Si arriva più presto un bugiardo che un zoppo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_620_620" id="Footnote_620_620"></a><a href="#FNanchor_620_620"><span class="label">[620]</span></a> Veritas non quærit angulos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_621_621" id="Footnote_621_621"></a><a href="#FNanchor_621_621"><span class="label">[621]</span></a> Magna est veritas et prævalebit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_622_622" id="Footnote_622_622"></a><a href="#FNanchor_622_622"><span class="label">[622]</span></a> La verdad es hija de Dios.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_623_623" id="Footnote_623_623"></a><a href="#FNanchor_623_623"><span class="label">[623]</span></a> La verdad, como el olio, siempre anda en somo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_624_624" id="Footnote_624_624"></a><a href="#FNanchor_624_624"><span class="label">[624]</span></a> Zum Begräbniss der Wahrheit gehören viel Schaufeln.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_625_625" id="Footnote_625_625"></a><a href="#FNanchor_625_625"><span class="label">[625]</span></a> Mal me quieren mis comadres, porque les digo las verdades.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_168" id="Page_168">[168]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SPEECH. SILENCE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Speech is silvern, silence is golden.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Be silent, or say something that is better than -silence" (German).<a name="FNanchor_626_626" id="FNanchor_626_626"></a><a href="#Footnote_626_626" class="fnanchor">[626]</a> "Better silence than ill speech" -(Swedish).<a name="FNanchor_627_627" id="FNanchor_627_627"></a><a href="#Footnote_627_627" class="fnanchor">[627]</a> "Talking comes by nature, silence of -understanding" (German).<a name="FNanchor_628_628" id="FNanchor_628_628"></a><a href="#Footnote_628_628" class="fnanchor">[628]</a> "Who speaks, sows; who -keeps silence, reaps" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_629_629" id="FNanchor_629_629"></a><a href="#Footnote_629_629" class="fnanchor">[629]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Silence seldom does harm.</b></p> - -<p><b>Least said, soonest mended.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>The principle applies still more forcibly to writing. -"Words fly, writing remains" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_630_630" id="FNanchor_630_630"></a><a href="#Footnote_630_630" class="fnanchor">[630]</a> A man's -spoken words may be unnoticed, or forgotten, or -denied; but what he has put down in black and -white is tangible evidence against him. Therefore -"Think much, say little, write less" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_631_631" id="FNanchor_631_631"></a><a href="#Footnote_631_631" class="fnanchor">[631]</a> Give -Cardinal Richelieu two lines of any man's writing and -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_169" id="Page_169">[169]</a></span>he needed no more to hang him. Fabio Merto, an -archbishop of the seventeenth century, has oddly remarked, -"It is nowhere mentioned in the Gospels that -our Lord wrote more than once, and then it was -on the sand, in order that the wind might efface -the writing." "Silence was never written down" -(Italian);<a name="FNanchor_632_632" id="FNanchor_632_632"></a><a href="#Footnote_632_632" class="fnanchor">[632]</a> and "A silent man's words are not brought -into court" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_633_633" id="FNanchor_633_633"></a><a href="#Footnote_633_633" class="fnanchor">[633]</a> "Hear, see, and say nothing, -if you wish to live in peace" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_634_634" id="FNanchor_634_634"></a><a href="#Footnote_634_634" class="fnanchor">[634]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A fool's tongue is long enough to cut his own throat.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Let not the tongue say what the head shall pay -for" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_635_635" id="FNanchor_635_635"></a><a href="#Footnote_635_635" class="fnanchor">[635]</a> "The sheep that bleats is strangled -by the wolf" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_636_636" id="FNanchor_636_636"></a><a href="#Footnote_636_636" class="fnanchor">[636]</a> "He that knows nothing -knows enough if he knows how to be silent" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_637_637" id="FNanchor_637_637"></a><a href="#Footnote_637_637" class="fnanchor">[637]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A fool's bolt is soon shot.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A foolish judge passes quick sentence" (French).<a name="FNanchor_638_638" id="FNanchor_638_638"></a><a href="#Footnote_638_638" class="fnanchor">[638]</a> -"He who knows little soon sings it out" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_639_639" id="FNanchor_639_639"></a><a href="#Footnote_639_639" class="fnanchor">[639]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When a fool has spoken he has done all.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"It is always the worst wheel that creaks" (French, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_170" id="Page_170">[170]</a></span>Italian).<a name="FNanchor_640_640" id="FNanchor_640_640"></a><a href="#Footnote_640_640" class="fnanchor">[640]</a> The shallowest persons are the most loquacious. -"Were fools silent they would pass for wise" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_641_641" id="FNanchor_641_641"></a><a href="#Footnote_641_641" class="fnanchor">[641]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Silence gives consent.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Silence answers much" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_642_642" id="FNanchor_642_642"></a><a href="#Footnote_642_642" class="fnanchor">[642]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man may hold his tongue in an ill time.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Amyclæ was undone by silence" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_643_643" id="FNanchor_643_643"></a><a href="#Footnote_643_643" class="fnanchor">[643]</a> The -citizens having been often frightened with false news -of the enemy's coming, made it penal for any one to -report such a thing in future. Hence, when the enemy -did come indeed, they were surprised and taken. -There is a time to speak as well as to be silent.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Spare to speak and spare to speed.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"If the child does not cry the mother does not -understand it" (Russian). "Him that speaks not, -God hears not" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_644_644" id="FNanchor_644_644"></a><a href="#Footnote_644_644" class="fnanchor">[644]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_626_626" id="Footnote_626_626"></a><a href="#FNanchor_626_626"><span class="label">[626]</span></a> Schweig, oder rede etwas das besser ist denn Schweigen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_627_627" id="Footnote_627_627"></a><a href="#FNanchor_627_627"><span class="label">[627]</span></a> Bättre tyga än illa tala.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_628_628" id="Footnote_628_628"></a><a href="#FNanchor_628_628"><span class="label">[628]</span></a> Reden kommt von Natur, Schweigen von Verstunde.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_629_629" id="Footnote_629_629"></a><a href="#FNanchor_629_629"><span class="label">[629]</span></a> Chi parla, semina; chi tace, raccoglie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_630_630" id="Footnote_630_630"></a><a href="#FNanchor_630_630"><span class="label">[630]</span></a> Verba volant, scripta manent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_631_631" id="Footnote_631_631"></a><a href="#FNanchor_631_631"><span class="label">[631]</span></a> Pensa molto, parla poco, scrivi meno.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_632_632" id="Footnote_632_632"></a><a href="#FNanchor_632_632"><span class="label">[632]</span></a> Il tacere non fu mai scritto.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_633_633" id="Footnote_633_633"></a><a href="#FNanchor_633_633"><span class="label">[633]</span></a> Tiende Mands Ord komme ei til Tinge.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_634_634" id="Footnote_634_634"></a><a href="#FNanchor_634_634"><span class="label">[634]</span></a> Odi, vedi, e taci, se vuoi viver in pace.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_635_635" id="Footnote_635_635"></a><a href="#FNanchor_635_635"><span class="label">[635]</span></a> No diga la lengua por do paque la cabeza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_636_636" id="Footnote_636_636"></a><a href="#FNanchor_636_636"><span class="label">[636]</span></a> Pecora che bela, il lupo la strozza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_637_637" id="Footnote_637_637"></a><a href="#FNanchor_637_637"><span class="label">[637]</span></a> Assai sa, chi non sa, se tacer sa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_638_638" id="Footnote_638_638"></a><a href="#FNanchor_638_638"><span class="label">[638]</span></a> De fol juge brève sentence.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_639_639" id="Footnote_639_639"></a><a href="#FNanchor_639_639"><span class="label">[639]</span></a> Quien poco sabe, presto lo reza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_640_640" id="Footnote_640_640"></a><a href="#FNanchor_640_640"><span class="label">[640]</span></a> C'est toujours la plus mauvaise roue qui crie. E la peggior -ruota quella che fa più rumore.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_641_641" id="Footnote_641_641"></a><a href="#FNanchor_641_641"><span class="label">[641]</span></a> Zweegen de dwazen zij waren wijs.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_642_642" id="Footnote_642_642"></a><a href="#FNanchor_642_642"><span class="label">[642]</span></a> Zwijgen antwoordt veel.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_643_643" id="Footnote_643_643"></a><a href="#FNanchor_643_643"><span class="label">[643]</span></a> Amyclas silentium perdidit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_644_644" id="Footnote_644_644"></a><a href="#FNanchor_644_644"><span class="label">[644]</span></a> A quien no habla, no le oye Dios.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_171" id="Page_171">[171]</a></span></p> - -<h2>THREATENING. BOASTING.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>The greatest barkers bite not sorest.</b></p> - -<p><b>Great barkers are nae biters.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Those who threaten most loudly are not the most to -be feared. "Timid dogs bark worse than they bite" -(Latin),<a name="FNanchor_645_645" id="FNanchor_645_645"></a><a href="#Footnote_645_645" class="fnanchor">[645]</a> was a proverb of the Bactrians, as Quintus -Curtius informs us. The Turks say, "The dog barks, -but the caravan passes." "What matters the barking -of the dog that does not bite?" (German);<a name="FNanchor_646_646" id="FNanchor_646_646"></a><a href="#Footnote_646_646" class="fnanchor">[646]</a> but -"Beware of a silent dog and of still water" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_647_647" id="FNanchor_647_647"></a><a href="#Footnote_647_647" class="fnanchor">[647]</a> -"The silent dog bites first" (German).<a name="FNanchor_648_648" id="FNanchor_648_648"></a><a href="#Footnote_648_648" class="fnanchor">[648]</a> "A fig for -our democrats!" Horace Walpole wrote in 1792. -"Barking dogs never bite. The danger in France -arose from silent and instantaneous action. They said -nothing, and did everything. Ours say everything, and -will do nothing."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Threatened folk live long.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Longer lives he that is threatened than he that is -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_172" id="Page_172">[172]</a></span>hanged" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_649_649" id="FNanchor_649_649"></a><a href="#Footnote_649_649" class="fnanchor">[649]</a> "More are threatened than are -stabbed" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_650_650" id="FNanchor_650_650"></a><a href="#Footnote_650_650" class="fnanchor">[650]</a> "Threatened folk, too, eat -bread" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_651_651" id="FNanchor_651_651"></a><a href="#Footnote_651_651" class="fnanchor">[651]</a> "David did not slay Goliath -with words" (Icelandic).<a name="FNanchor_652_652" id="FNanchor_652_652"></a><a href="#Footnote_652_652" class="fnanchor">[652]</a> "No one dies of threats" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_653_653" id="FNanchor_653_653"></a><a href="#Footnote_653_653" class="fnanchor">[653]</a> "Not all threateners fight" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_654_654" id="FNanchor_654_654"></a><a href="#Footnote_654_654" class="fnanchor">[654]</a> -"Some threaten who are afraid" (French).<a name="FNanchor_655_655" id="FNanchor_655_655"></a><a href="#Footnote_655_655" class="fnanchor">[655]</a> "A curse -does not knock an eye out unless the fist go with it" -(Danish).<a name="FNanchor_656_656" id="FNanchor_656_656"></a><a href="#Footnote_656_656" class="fnanchor">[656]</a> "The cat's curse hurts the mice less than -her bite" (Livonian).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Lang mint, little dint.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, a blow long aimed or threatened has little -force; or, as the Italians and Spaniards say, "A blow -threatened was never well given."<a name="FNanchor_657_657" id="FNanchor_657_657"></a><a href="#Footnote_657_657" class="fnanchor">[657]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Silence grips the mouse.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A mewing cat was never a good mouser" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_658_658" id="FNanchor_658_658"></a><a href="#Footnote_658_658" class="fnanchor">[658]</a> -"He that threatens warns" (German).<a name="FNanchor_659_659" id="FNanchor_659_659"></a><a href="#Footnote_659_659" class="fnanchor">[659]</a> "He that -threatens wastes his anger" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_660_660" id="FNanchor_660_660"></a><a href="#Footnote_660_660" class="fnanchor">[660]</a> "The -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_173" id="Page_173">[173]</a></span>threatener loses the opportunity of vengeance" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_661_661" id="FNanchor_661_661"></a><a href="#Footnote_661_661" class="fnanchor">[661]</a> -"Threats are arms for the threatened" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_662_662" id="FNanchor_662_662"></a><a href="#Footnote_662_662" class="fnanchor">[662]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Fleying [frightening] a bird is no the way to grip it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>The way to catch a bird is no to fling your bonnet at her.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Hares are not caught with beat of drum" (French).<a name="FNanchor_663_663" id="FNanchor_663_663"></a><a href="#Footnote_663_663" class="fnanchor">[663]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Let not your mousetrap smell of blood.</b></p> - -<p><b>Never show your teeth when you can't bite.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"><b>Brag is a good dog, but Holdfast is a better.</b></p> - -<p><b>A boaster and a liar are cousins german.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>"Believe a boaster as you would a liar" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_664_664" id="FNanchor_664_664"></a><a href="#Footnote_664_664" class="fnanchor">[664]</a> -"Who is the greatest liar? He that talks most of -himself" (Chinese).</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The greatest talkers are always the least doers.</b></p> - -<p><b>Great boast, small roast.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>"Great vaunters, little doers" (French).<a name="FNanchor_665_665" id="FNanchor_665_665"></a><a href="#Footnote_665_665" class="fnanchor">[665]</a> "It is -not the hen which cackles most that lays most eggs" -(Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_666_666" id="FNanchor_666_666"></a><a href="#Footnote_666_666" class="fnanchor">[666]</a> "A long tongue betokens a short hand" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_667_667" id="FNanchor_667_667"></a><a href="#Footnote_667_667" class="fnanchor">[667]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_174" id="Page_174">[174]</a></span> - -<b>Saying gangs cheap.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>Saying and doing are two things.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>"From saying to doing is a long stretch" (French).<a name="FNanchor_668_668" id="FNanchor_668_668"></a><a href="#Footnote_668_668" class="fnanchor">[668]</a> -"Words are female, deeds are male" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_669_669" id="FNanchor_669_669"></a><a href="#Footnote_669_669" class="fnanchor">[669]</a> -"Words will not do for my aunt, for she does not trust -even deeds" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_670_670" id="FNanchor_670_670"></a><a href="#Footnote_670_670" class="fnanchor">[670]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>His wind shakes no corn.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i></p> - -<p><b>Harry Chuck ne'er slew a man till he cam nigh him.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Harry Chuck is understood to have been a vapouring -fellow of the Ancient Pistol order, one of those who -would give "A great stab to a dead Moor" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_671_671" id="FNanchor_671_671"></a><a href="#Footnote_671_671" class="fnanchor">[671]</a> -"It is easy to frighten a bull from the window" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_672_672" id="FNanchor_672_672"></a><a href="#Footnote_672_672" class="fnanchor">[672]</a> "Many are brave when the enemy flees" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_673_673" id="FNanchor_673_673"></a><a href="#Footnote_673_673" class="fnanchor">[673]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is well said, but who will bell the cat?</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The mice consult together how to take the cat, but -they do not agree upon the matter" (Livonian). -"Archibald Douglas, Earl of Angus, a man remarkable -for strength of body and mind, acquired the popular -name of Bell-the-Cat upon the following remarkable -occasion:—When the Scottish nobility assembled to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_175" id="Page_175">[175]</a></span>deliberate on putting the obnoxious favourites of -James III. to death, Lord Grey told them the fable of -the mice, who resolved that one of their number should -put a bell round the neck of the cat, to warn them of -its coming; but no one was so hardy as to attempt it. -'I understand the moral,' said Angus; 'I will bell the -cat.' He bearded the king to purpose by hanging the -favourites over the bridge of Lauder; Cochran, their -chief, being elevated higher than the rest."—(<i>Note to -Marmion.</i>)</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Self-praise is no commendation.</b></p> - -<p><b>Self-praise stinks.</b></p> - -<p><b>Ye live beside ill neebours.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Your trumpeter is dead.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The last two are taunts addressed to persons who -sound their own praises.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man may love his house weel, and no ride on the riggen o't.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A man does not prove the depth and sincerity of his -sentiments by an ostentatious display of them.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Good wine needs no bush.</b></p> - -<p><b>Gude ale needs nae wisp.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A bunch of twigs, or a wisp of hay or straw hung up -at a roadside house, is a sign that drink is sold within. -This custom, which still lingers in the cider-making -counties of the west of England, and prevails more -generally in France, is derived from the Romans, -among whom a bunch of ivy, the plant sacred to<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_176" id="Page_176">[176]</a></span> -Bacchus, was appropriately used as the sign of a wine-shop. -They, too, used to say, "Vendible wine needs -no ivy hung up."<a name="FNanchor_674_674" id="FNanchor_674_674"></a><a href="#Footnote_674_674" class="fnanchor">[674]</a> "Good wine needs no crier" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_675_675" id="FNanchor_675_675"></a><a href="#Footnote_675_675" class="fnanchor">[675]</a> "It sells itself" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_676_676" id="FNanchor_676_676"></a><a href="#Footnote_676_676" class="fnanchor">[676]</a> "Bosky" -is one of the innumerable euphemisms for "drunk." -Probably the phrase, "he is bosky," originally conveyed -an allusion to the symbolical use of the bush, with -which all good fellows were familiar in the olden time.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_645_645" id="Footnote_645_645"></a><a href="#FNanchor_645_645"><span class="label">[645]</span></a> Apud Bactryanos vulgo usurpabant canem timidum vehementius -latrare quam mordere.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_646_646" id="Footnote_646_646"></a><a href="#FNanchor_646_646"><span class="label">[646]</span></a> Was schadet das Hundes Bellen der nicht beisst?</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_647_647" id="Footnote_647_647"></a><a href="#FNanchor_647_647"><span class="label">[647]</span></a> Cave tibi cane muto et aqua silente.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_648_648" id="Footnote_648_648"></a><a href="#FNanchor_648_648"><span class="label">[648]</span></a> Schweigender Hund beisst am ersten.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_649_649" id="Footnote_649_649"></a><a href="#FNanchor_649_649"><span class="label">[649]</span></a> Vive più il minacciato che l'impiccato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_650_650" id="Footnote_650_650"></a><a href="#FNanchor_650_650"><span class="label">[650]</span></a> Mas son los amenazados que los acuchillados.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_651_651" id="Footnote_651_651"></a><a href="#FNanchor_651_651"><span class="label">[651]</span></a> Tambem os ameaçados comem paō.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_652_652" id="Footnote_652_652"></a><a href="#FNanchor_652_652"><span class="label">[652]</span></a> Ekks Davith Goliat med ordum drap.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_653_653" id="Footnote_653_653"></a><a href="#FNanchor_653_653"><span class="label">[653]</span></a> Van dreigen sterft <span class="err" title="original: man">men</span> niet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_654_654" id="Footnote_654_654"></a><a href="#FNanchor_654_654"><span class="label">[654]</span></a> Alle dreigers vechten niet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_655_655" id="Footnote_655_655"></a><a href="#FNanchor_655_655"><span class="label">[655]</span></a> Tel menace qui a peur.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_656_656" id="Footnote_656_656"></a><a href="#FNanchor_656_656"><span class="label">[656]</span></a> Bande bider ei Öie ud, uden Næven fölger med.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_657_657" id="Footnote_657_657"></a><a href="#FNanchor_657_657"><span class="label">[657]</span></a> Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. <span class="err" title="original: Bofeton">Bofetón</span> amagado, -nunca bien dado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_658_658" id="Footnote_658_658"></a><a href="#FNanchor_658_658"><span class="label">[658]</span></a> Gato <span class="err" title="original: maublador">maullador</span> nunca buen caçador.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_659_659" id="Footnote_659_659"></a><a href="#FNanchor_659_659"><span class="label">[659]</span></a> Wer droht, warnt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_660_660" id="Footnote_660_660"></a><a href="#FNanchor_660_660"><span class="label">[660]</span></a> Quem ameaça, su ira gasta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_661_661" id="Footnote_661_661"></a><a href="#FNanchor_661_661"><span class="label">[661]</span></a> El amenazador hace perder el lugar de venganza.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_662_662" id="Footnote_662_662"></a><a href="#FNanchor_662_662"><span class="label">[662]</span></a> Le minaccie son arme del minacciato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_663_663" id="Footnote_663_663"></a><a href="#FNanchor_663_663"><span class="label">[663]</span></a> On ne prend pas le lèvre au tambour.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_664_664" id="Footnote_664_664"></a><a href="#FNanchor_664_664"><span class="label">[664]</span></a> Credi al vantatore come al mentitore.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_665_665" id="Footnote_665_665"></a><a href="#FNanchor_665_665"><span class="label">[665]</span></a> Grands vanteurs, petits faiseurs.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_666_666" id="Footnote_666_666"></a><a href="#FNanchor_666_666"><span class="label">[666]</span></a> Het hoen, dat het meest kakelt, geeft de meeste eijers niet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_667_667" id="Footnote_667_667"></a><a href="#FNanchor_667_667"><span class="label">[667]</span></a> La lengua luenga es señal de mano corta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_668_668" id="Footnote_668_668"></a><a href="#FNanchor_668_668"><span class="label">[668]</span></a> Du dire au fait il y a grand trait.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_669_669" id="Footnote_669_669"></a><a href="#FNanchor_669_669"><span class="label">[669]</span></a> Le parole son femmine, e i fatti son maschi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_670_670" id="Footnote_670_670"></a><a href="#FNanchor_670_670"><span class="label">[670]</span></a> No son palabras para mi tia, que aun de las obras no se fia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_671_671" id="Footnote_671_671"></a><a href="#FNanchor_671_671"><span class="label">[671]</span></a> A moro muerto gran lanzada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_672_672" id="Footnote_672_672"></a><a href="#FNanchor_672_672"><span class="label">[672]</span></a> E facile far paura al toro dalla fenestra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_673_673" id="Footnote_673_673"></a><a href="#FNanchor_673_673"><span class="label">[673]</span></a> Molli son bravi quando l'inimico frigge.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_674_674" id="Footnote_674_674"></a><a href="#FNanchor_674_674"><span class="label">[674]</span></a> Vino vendibili suspensa hedera non est opus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_675_675" id="Footnote_675_675"></a><a href="#FNanchor_675_675"><span class="label">[675]</span></a> El vino bueno no ha menester pregonero.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_676_676" id="Footnote_676_676"></a><a href="#FNanchor_676_676"><span class="label">[676]</span></a> El buen vino la venta trae consigo.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_177" id="Page_177">[177]</a></span></p> - -<h2>SECRETS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p> -<b>No secrets but between two.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Where could you have heard that?" said a friend -to Grattan. "Why, it is a profound secret." "I heard -it," said Grattan, "where secrets are kept—in the -street." Napoleon I. used to say, "Secrets travel fast -in Paris."<a name="FNanchor_677_677" id="FNanchor_677_677"></a><a href="#Footnote_677_677" class="fnanchor">[677]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Three may keep counsel if two be away.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>We are told in several languages "That the secret -of two is God's secret—the secret of three is all the -world's;"<a name="FNanchor_678_678" id="FNanchor_678_678"></a><a href="#Footnote_678_678" class="fnanchor">[678]</a> and the Spaniards hold that "What three -know every creature knows."<a name="FNanchor_679_679" id="FNanchor_679_679"></a><a href="#Footnote_679_679" class="fnanchor">[679]</a> The surest plan is, of -course, not to trust to anybody; and this was the plan -pursued by Alva and by Q. Metellus Macedonicus, -whose maxim, "If my tunic knew my secret I would -burn it forthwith," has been turned by the French -into a rhyming proverb of their own: "Let the shirt -next your skin not know what's within."<a name="FNanchor_680_680" id="FNanchor_680_680"></a><a href="#Footnote_680_680" class="fnanchor">[680]</a> The Chinese -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_178" id="Page_178">[178]</a></span>say, "What is whispered in the ear is often heard a -hundred miles off." Truly "Nothing is so burdensome -as a secret" (French).<a name="FNanchor_681_681" id="FNanchor_681_681"></a><a href="#Footnote_681_681" class="fnanchor">[681]</a> The Livonians have this -humorous hyperbole, "Confide a secret to a dumb man -and it will make him speak." King Midas's barber -scraped a hole in the earth, and, lying down, poured into -it the tremendous secret that oppressed him; but the -earth did not keep it close, for it sprouted up with the -growing corn, which proclaimed with articulate rustlings, -"King Midas hath the ears of an ass."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Tom Noddy's secret.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Or, "The secret of Polichinelle" (French);<a name="FNanchor_682_682" id="FNanchor_682_682"></a><a href="#Footnote_682_682" class="fnanchor">[682]</a> that is -to say, one which is known to everybody. This is what -the Spaniards call "The secret of Anchuelos."<a name="FNanchor_683_683" id="FNanchor_683_683"></a><a href="#Footnote_683_683" class="fnanchor">[683]</a> The -town of that name lies in a gorge between two steep -hills, on one of which a shepherd tended his flock, on -the other a shepherdess. This pair kept up an -amorous converse by bawling from hill to hill, but -always with many mutual injunctions of secrecy.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Murder will out.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"And a man's child cannot be hid," adds Lancelot -Gobbo. The English proverb is used jocosely, though -derived from an awful sense of the fatality, as it were, -with which bloody secrets are almost always brought to -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_179" id="Page_179">[179]</a></span>light. It seems to us as though the order of nature -were inverted when the perpetrator of a murder escapes -detection. This faith in Nemesis was expressed in the -ancient Greek proverb, "The cranes of Ibycus," of -which this is the story. The lyric poet Ibycus was -murdered by robbers on his way to Corinth, and with -his last breath committed the task of avenging him to -a flock of cranes, the only living things in sight besides -himself and his murderers. The latter, some time -after, sitting in the theatre at Corinth, saw a flock of -cranes overhead, and one of them said scoffingly, "Lo, -there the avengers of Ibycus!" These words were -caught up by some near them, for already the poet's -disappearance had excited alarm. The men being -questioned betrayed themselves, and were led to their -doom, and "The cranes of Ibycus" passed into a -proverb. This story may serve to show how</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Daylight will peep through a small hole.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Eggs are close things," say the Chinese, "but the -chicks come out at last." "A secret fire is discovered -by the smoke" (Catalan).<a name="FNanchor_684_684" id="FNanchor_684_684"></a><a href="#Footnote_684_684" class="fnanchor">[684]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>To let the cat out of the bag.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>To betray a secret inadvertently. I cannot tell what -is the origin of this phrase. Can it be that it alludes -to the practice of selling cats for hares? A fraudulent -vendor, while pressing a customer "to buy a cat in a -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_180" id="Page_180">[180]</a></span>bag," (see p. <a href="#Page_61">61</a>,) might in an unguarded moment let -him see enough to detect the imposition.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When rogues fall out honest men come by their own.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>They peach upon each other. "Thieves quarrel, -and thefts are discovered" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_685_685" id="FNanchor_685_685"></a><a href="#Footnote_685_685" class="fnanchor">[685]</a> "Gossips fall -out, and tell each other truths" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_686_686" id="FNanchor_686_686"></a><a href="#Footnote_686_686" class="fnanchor">[686]</a> "When -the cook and the butler fall out we shall know what is -become of the butter" (Dutch).</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Tell your secret to your servant, and you make him your master</b>. -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Juvenal notes the policy of the Greek adventurers -in Rome to worm out the secrets of the house, and so -make themselves feared. "To whom you tell your -secret you surrender your freedom" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_687_687" id="FNanchor_687_687"></a><a href="#Footnote_687_687" class="fnanchor">[687]</a> "Tell -your friend your secret, and he will set his foot on your -throat" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_688_688" id="FNanchor_688_688"></a><a href="#Footnote_688_688" class="fnanchor">[688]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Walls have ears.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Hills see, walls hear" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_689_689" id="FNanchor_689_689"></a><a href="#Footnote_689_689" class="fnanchor">[689]</a> "The forest -has ears, the field has eyes" (German).<a name="FNanchor_690_690" id="FNanchor_690_690"></a><a href="#Footnote_690_690" class="fnanchor">[690]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_181" id="Page_181">[181]</a></span> - -<b>What soberness conceals drunkenness reveals.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"What is in the heart of the sober man is on the -tongue of the drunken man" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_691_691" id="FNanchor_691_691"></a><a href="#Footnote_691_691" class="fnanchor">[691]</a> "In wine -is truth" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_692_692" id="FNanchor_692_692"></a><a href="#Footnote_692_692" class="fnanchor">[692]</a> "Wine wears no breeches" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_693_693" id="FNanchor_693_693"></a><a href="#Footnote_693_693" class="fnanchor">[693]</a></p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>When wine sinks, words swim.</b><a name="FNanchor_694_694" id="FNanchor_694_694"></a><a href="#Footnote_694_694" class="fnanchor">[694]</a> -</div> -<div><b>When the wine is in the wit is out.</b></div> -</blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_677_677" id="Footnote_677_677"></a><a href="#FNanchor_677_677"><span class="label">[677]</span></a> Les confidences vont vite à Paris.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_678_678" id="Footnote_678_678"></a><a href="#FNanchor_678_678"><span class="label">[678]</span></a> Secret de deux, secret de Dieu; secret de trois, secret de -tous.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_679_679" id="Footnote_679_679"></a><a href="#FNanchor_679_679"><span class="label">[679]</span></a> Lo que saben tres, sabe toda res.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_680_680" id="Footnote_680_680"></a><a href="#FNanchor_680_680"><span class="label">[680]</span></a> Que ta chemise ne sache ta guise.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_681_681" id="Footnote_681_681"></a><a href="#FNanchor_681_681"><span class="label">[681]</span></a> Rien ne pèse tant qu'un secret.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_682_682" id="Footnote_682_682"></a><a href="#FNanchor_682_682"><span class="label">[682]</span></a> Le secret de Polichinelle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_683_683" id="Footnote_683_683"></a><a href="#FNanchor_683_683"><span class="label">[683]</span></a> El secreto de Anchuelos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_684_684" id="Footnote_684_684"></a><a href="#FNanchor_684_684"><span class="label">[684]</span></a> For secreto, lo fumo lo descovre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_685_685" id="Footnote_685_685"></a><a href="#FNanchor_685_685"><span class="label">[685]</span></a> Pelean los ladrones, y descubriense los hurtos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_686_686" id="Footnote_686_686"></a><a href="#FNanchor_686_686"><span class="label">[686]</span></a> Riñen las comadres, y duense las verdades.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_687_687" id="Footnote_687_687"></a><a href="#FNanchor_687_687"><span class="label">[687]</span></a> A quien dices tu puridad, á ese das tu libertad.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_688_688" id="Footnote_688_688"></a><a href="#FNanchor_688_688"><span class="label">[688]</span></a> Di á tu amigo tu secreto, y tenerte ha el pie en el pescuezo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_689_689" id="Footnote_689_689"></a><a href="#FNanchor_689_689"><span class="label">[689]</span></a> Montes veen, paredes oyen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_690_690" id="Footnote_690_690"></a><a href="#FNanchor_690_690"><span class="label">[690]</span></a> Der Wald hat Ohren, das Feld hat Augen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_691_691" id="Footnote_691_691"></a><a href="#FNanchor_691_691"><span class="label">[691]</span></a> Quod est in corde sobrii est in ore ebrii.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_692_692" id="Footnote_692_692"></a><a href="#FNanchor_692_692"><span class="label">[692]</span></a> In vino veritas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_693_693" id="Footnote_693_693"></a><a href="#FNanchor_693_693"><span class="label">[693]</span></a> El vino anda sin calças.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_694_694" id="Footnote_694_694"></a><a href="#FNanchor_694_694"><span class="label">[694]</span></a> This is in Herodotus: Ὄινου κατίοντοϛ ἔπιπλεουσιν ἐπῆ.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_182" id="Page_182">[182]</a></span></p> -<h2>RETRIBUTION. PENAL JUSTICE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that is born to be hanged will never be drowned.</b></p> - -<p><b>The water will ne'er waur the woodie.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, the water will never defraud the gallows of -its due. Gonzago, in <i>The Tempest</i>, says of the -boatswain, "I have great comfort from this fellow; -methinks he hath no drowning mark upon him; his -complexion is perfect gallows. Stand fast, good fate, -to his hanging! Make the rope of his destiny our -cable, for our own doth little advantage. If he be not -born to be hanged our case is miserable."</p> - -<p>The Danes say, "He that is to be hanged will never -be drowned, unless the water goes over the gallows."<a name="FNanchor_695_695" id="FNanchor_695_695"></a><a href="#Footnote_695_695" class="fnanchor">[695]</a> -Such punctilious accuracy in fixing the limits of the -proposition considerably enhances its grim humour. -There is a fine touch of ghastly horror in its Dutch -equivalent, "What belongs to the raven does not -drown."<a name="FNanchor_696_696" id="FNanchor_696_696"></a><a href="#Footnote_696_696" class="fnanchor">[696]</a> The platform on which criminals were -executed and gibbeted was called, in the picturesque -language of the middle ages, the "ravenstone." "He -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_183" id="Page_183">[183]</a></span>that is to die by the gallows may dance on the river" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_697_697" id="FNanchor_697_697"></a><a href="#Footnote_697_697" class="fnanchor">[697]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"He'll be hang'd yet,</div> -<div class="i0">Though every drop of water swear against it,</div> -<div class="i0">And gape at wid'st to glut him."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Give a thief rope enough and he'll hang himself.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Every fox must pay his own skin to the flayer.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Air day or late day, the tod's [fox's] hide finds aye the flaying knife.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>In spite of all his cunning the rogue will soon or late -come to a bad end. "Foxes find themselves at last at -the furrier's" (French).<a name="FNanchor_698_698" id="FNanchor_698_698"></a><a href="#Footnote_698_698" class="fnanchor">[698]</a> "No mad dog runs seven -years" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_699_699" id="FNanchor_699_699"></a><a href="#Footnote_699_699" class="fnanchor">[699]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Hanging goes by hap.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>If a man is hanged it is a sign that he was pre-destined -to that end. "The gallows was made for the -unlucky" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_700_700" id="FNanchor_700_700"></a><a href="#Footnote_700_700" class="fnanchor">[700]</a> It is not always a man's fault -so much as his misfortune that he dies of a hempen -fever. As Captain Macheath sings,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Since laws were made for every degree,</div> -<div class="i0">To curb vice in others as well as in me,</div> -<div class="i0">I wonder we ha'n't better company</div> -<div class="i4">Upon Tyburn tree."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_184" id="Page_184">[184]</a></span> - -But "Money does not get hanged" (German).<a name="FNanchor_701_701" id="FNanchor_701_701"></a><a href="#Footnote_701_701" class="fnanchor">[701]</a> It -sits on the judgment-seat, and sends poor rogues to the -hulks or to Jack Ketch. As it was in the days of -Diogenes the cynic, so it is now: "Great thieves hang -petty thieves" (French);<a name="FNanchor_702_702" id="FNanchor_702_702"></a><a href="#Footnote_702_702" class="fnanchor">[702]</a> and, whilst "Petty thieves -are hanged, people take off their hats to great ones" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_703_703" id="FNanchor_703_703"></a><a href="#Footnote_703_703" class="fnanchor">[703]</a></p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>First hang and draw,</b></div> -<div><b>Then hear the cause by Lidford law.</b></div></blockquote> - -<p>Ray informs us that "Lidford is a little and poor -but ancient corporation in Devonshire, with very -large privileges, where a Court of Stannaries was formerly -kept." The same sort of expeditious justice was -practised in Scotland and in Spain, as testified by -proverbs of both countries. At Peralvillo the Holy -Brotherhood used to execute in this manner robbers -taken in the fact, or "red-hand," as the Scotch forcibly -expressed it. Hence the Spanish saying, "Peralvillo -justice: after the man is hanged try him."<a name="FNanchor_704_704" id="FNanchor_704_704"></a><a href="#Footnote_704_704" class="fnanchor">[704]</a> The -Scotch equivalent for this figures with dramatic effect -in that scene of <i>The Fair Maid of Perth</i> where -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_185" id="Page_185">[185]</a></span>Black Douglas has just discovered the murder of the -Prince of Rothsay, and exclaims,—</p> - -<p>"'Away with the murderers! hang them over the -battlements!'</p> - -<p>"'But, my lord, some trial may be fitting,' answered -Balveny.</p> - -<p>"'To what purpose?' answered Douglas. 'I have -taken them red-hand; my authority will stretch to -instant execution. Yet stay: have we not some Jedwood -men in our troop?'</p> - -<p>"'Plenty of Turnbulls, Rutherfords, Ainslies, and -so forth,' said Balveny.</p> - -<p>"'Call me an inquest of these together; they are -all good men and true, save a little shifting for their -living. Do you see to the execution of these felons, -while I hold a court in the great hall, and we'll try -whether the jury or the provost-martial shall do their -work first: we will have</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Jedwood justice—hang in haste, and try at leisure.'"</b> -</p> - -<p class="p2"> -<b>He that invented the "maiden" first hanselled it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This was the Regent Morton, who was the first man -beheaded by an instrument of his own invention, called -the "maiden." His enemies thought it was</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"Sport</div> -<div class="i0">To see the engineer hoist by his own petard;"</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">and even those who pitied him felt that "no law was<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_186" id="Page_186">[186]</a></span> -juster than that the artificers of death should perish by -their own art."<a name="FNanchor_705_705" id="FNanchor_705_705"></a><a href="#Footnote_705_705" class="fnanchor">[705]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>If he has no gear to tine, he has shins to pine.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, if he has not wealth to lose, or means to pay -a fine, he must be clapped in the stocks or in fetters. -"He that has no money must pay with his skin" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_706_706" id="FNanchor_706_706"></a><a href="#Footnote_706_706" class="fnanchor">[706]</a> "Where there is no money there is no -forgiveness of sins" (German).<a name="FNanchor_707_707" id="FNanchor_707_707"></a><a href="#Footnote_707_707" class="fnanchor">[707]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_695_695" id="Footnote_695_695"></a><a href="#FNanchor_695_695"><span class="label">[695]</span></a> Han drukner ikke som henge skal, uden Vandet gaaer over -Galgen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_696_696" id="Footnote_696_696"></a><a href="#FNanchor_696_696"><span class="label">[696]</span></a> Wat den raven toebehoort verdrinkt niet.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_697_697" id="Footnote_697_697"></a><a href="#FNanchor_697_697"><span class="label">[697]</span></a> Chi ha da morir di forca, può ballar sul fiume.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_698_698" id="Footnote_698_698"></a><a href="#FNanchor_698_698"><span class="label">[698]</span></a> Enfin les renards se trouvent chez le pelletier.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_699_699" id="Footnote_699_699"></a><a href="#FNanchor_699_699"><span class="label">[699]</span></a> Er liep geen dolle hond zeven jaar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_700_700" id="Footnote_700_700"></a><a href="#FNanchor_700_700"><span class="label">[700]</span></a> Para los desdichados se hizo la horca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_701_701" id="Footnote_701_701"></a><a href="#FNanchor_701_701"><span class="label">[701]</span></a> Geld wird nicht gehenkt.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_702_702" id="Footnote_702_702"></a><a href="#FNanchor_702_702"><span class="label">[702]</span></a> Les grands voleurs font pendre les petits.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_703_703" id="Footnote_703_703"></a><a href="#FNanchor_703_703"><span class="label">[703]</span></a> Kleine Diebe henkt man, vor grossen zieht man den -Hut ab.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_704_704" id="Footnote_704_704"></a><a href="#FNanchor_704_704"><span class="label">[704]</span></a> La justicia de Peralvillo, que ahorcado el hombre le hace -la perquisa.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_705_705" id="Footnote_705_705"></a><a href="#FNanchor_705_705"><span class="label">[705]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Nec lex est justior ulla</div> -<div class="i0">Quam necis artifices arte perire sua.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_706_706" id="Footnote_706_706"></a><a href="#FNanchor_706_706"><span class="label">[706]</span></a> Wer kein Geld hat, mussmit der Haut bezahlen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_707_707" id="Footnote_707_707"></a><a href="#FNanchor_707_707"><span class="label">[707]</span></a> Wo kein Geld ist, da ist auch keine Vergebung der Sünden.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_187" id="Page_187">[187]</a></span></p> - -<h2>WEALTH. POVERTY. PLENTY. WANT.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Happy is the son whose father went to the devil.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>On the other hand, the Portuguese say, "Alas for -the son whose father goes to heaven!"<a name="FNanchor_708_708" id="FNanchor_708_708"></a><a href="#Footnote_708_708" class="fnanchor">[708]</a> the presumption -being that a man does not go that way whilst -amassing great wealth; for "He that is afraid of the -devil does not grow rich" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_709_709" id="FNanchor_709_709"></a><a href="#Footnote_709_709" class="fnanchor">[709]</a> "To do so one -has only to turn one's back on God" (French).<a name="FNanchor_710_710" id="FNanchor_710_710"></a><a href="#Footnote_710_710" class="fnanchor">[710]</a> -Audley, a noted lawyer and usurer in the reigns of -James I. and Charles I., was asked what might be the -value of his newly-obtained office in the Court of -Wards. He replied, "It may be worth some thousands -of pounds to him who after his death would instantly -go to heaven; twice as much to him who would go -to purgatory; and nobody knows how much to him -who would adventure to go to hell." Audley's -biographer hints that he did adventure that way for -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_188" id="Page_188">[188]</a></span>the four hundred thousand pounds he left behind him -at his departure. "The river does not become swollen -with clear water" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_711_711" id="FNanchor_711_711"></a><a href="#Footnote_711_711" class="fnanchor">[711]</a> According to a Latin -proverb, quoted with approval by St. Jerome, "A -rich man is either a rogue or a rogue's heir."<a name="FNanchor_712_712" id="FNanchor_712_712"></a><a href="#Footnote_712_712" class="fnanchor">[712]</a> "To -be rich one must have a relation at home with the -devil" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_713_713" id="FNanchor_713_713"></a><a href="#Footnote_713_713" class="fnanchor">[713]</a> "Gold goes to the Moor;" <i>i. e.</i>, -to the man without a conscience (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_714_714" id="FNanchor_714_714"></a><a href="#Footnote_714_714" class="fnanchor">[714]</a></p> - -<p>"The poets feign," says Bacon, "that when Plutus, -which is riches, is sent from Jupiter, he limps and -goes slowly; but when he is sent from Pluto he runs -and is swift of foot; meaning that riches gotten by -good means and just labour pace slowly, but when they -come by the death of others (as by the course of -inheritance, testaments, and the like), they come -tumbling upon a man. But it might be applied likewise -to Pluto, taking him for the devil; for when riches -come from the devil (as by fraud and oppression and -unjust means) they come upon speed. The ways to -enrich are many, and most of them foul."</p> - -<p>"He that maketh haste to be rich shall not be -innocent" (Proverbs xxviii. 22). "Who would be rich -in a year gets hanged in half a year" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_715_715" id="FNanchor_715_715"></a><a href="#Footnote_715_715" class="fnanchor">[715]</a></p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_189" id="Page_189">[189]</a></span></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Plenty makes dainty.</b><a name="FNanchor_716_716" id="FNanchor_716_716"></a><a href="#Footnote_716_716" class="fnanchor">[716]</a> -</p> -<p><b>As the sow fills the draught sours.</b></p> - -<p><b>Hunger is the best sauce.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Hunger makes raw beans sweet" (German). -"Hunger is the best cook" (German). "The full -stomach loatheth the honeycomb, but to the hungry -every bitter thing is sweet" (Proverbs). "Brackish -water is sweet in a dry land" (Portuguese).<a name="FNanchor_717_717" id="FNanchor_717_717"></a><a href="#Footnote_717_717" class="fnanchor">[717]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A hungry horse makes a clean manger.</b></p> - -<p><b>Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings.</b></p> - -<p><b>A hungry man sees far.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A hungry man discovers more than a hundred -lawyers" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_718_718" id="FNanchor_718_718"></a><a href="#Footnote_718_718" class="fnanchor">[718]</a> Want sharpens industry and -invention. "He thinks of everything who wants -bread" (French).<a name="FNanchor_719_719" id="FNanchor_719_719"></a><a href="#Footnote_719_719" class="fnanchor">[719]</a> "A poor man is all schemes" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_720_720" id="FNanchor_720_720"></a><a href="#Footnote_720_720" class="fnanchor">[720]</a></p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div>"Lorgitor artium, ingeniique magister</div> -<div>Venter."</div></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">"Poverty and hunger have many learned disciples" -(German).<a name="FNanchor_721_721" id="FNanchor_721_721"></a><a href="#Footnote_721_721" class="fnanchor">[721]</a> "Poverty is the sixth sense."<a name="FNanchor_722_722" id="FNanchor_722_722"></a><a href="#Footnote_722_722" class="fnanchor">[722]</a> "It is -cunning: it catches even a fox" (German).<a name="FNanchor_723_723" id="FNanchor_723_723"></a><a href="#Footnote_723_723" class="fnanchor">[723]</a></p> -<blockquote> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_190" id="Page_190">[190]</a></span> - -<b>Need makes the old wife trot.</b><a name="FNanchor_724_724" id="FNanchor_724_724"></a><a href="#Footnote_724_724" class="fnanchor">[724]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Need makes the naked man run.</b></p> - -<p><b>Need makes the naked quean spin.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"Hunger sets the dog a-hunting" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_725_725" id="FNanchor_725_725"></a><a href="#Footnote_725_725" class="fnanchor">[725]</a> -"Hunger drives the wolf out of the wood" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_726_726" id="FNanchor_726_726"></a><a href="#Footnote_726_726" class="fnanchor">[726]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Hunger will break through stone walls.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"A hungry dog fears not the stick" (Italian);<a name="FNanchor_727_727" id="FNanchor_727_727"></a><a href="#Footnote_727_727" class="fnanchor">[727]</a> -whereas "The full-fed sheep is frightened at her own -tail" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_728_728" id="FNanchor_728_728"></a><a href="#Footnote_728_728" class="fnanchor">[728]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Poverty parteth good fellowship.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An old Scotch song says:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"When I hae saxpence under my thumb,</div> -<div class="i0">Then I get credit in ilka town;</div> -<div class="i0">But when I hae naethin they bid me gang by:</div> -<div class="i0">Hech! poverty parts gude company."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Poverty is no crime.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Some say it is worse. "Poverty is no vice, but it is -a sort of leprosy" (French).<a name="FNanchor_729_729" id="FNanchor_729_729"></a><a href="#Footnote_729_729" class="fnanchor">[729]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_708_708" id="Footnote_708_708"></a><a href="#FNanchor_708_708"><span class="label">[708]</span></a> Guay do filho que o pai vai a paraiso.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_709_709" id="Footnote_709_709"></a><a href="#FNanchor_709_709"><span class="label">[709]</span></a> Chi ha paura del diavolo non fa roba.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_710_710" id="Footnote_710_710"></a><a href="#FNanchor_710_710"><span class="label">[710]</span></a> Il ne faut que tourner le dos à Dieu pour devenir riche.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_711_711" id="Footnote_711_711"></a><a href="#FNanchor_711_711"><span class="label">[711]</span></a> Il fiume non s'ingrossa d'acqua chiara.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_712_712" id="Footnote_712_712"></a><a href="#FNanchor_712_712"><span class="label">[712]</span></a> Dives aut iniquus aut iniqui hæres.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_713_713" id="Footnote_713_713"></a><a href="#FNanchor_713_713"><span class="label">[713]</span></a> Por esser riceo bisogna avere un parente a casa al diavolo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_714_714" id="Footnote_714_714"></a><a href="#FNanchor_714_714"><span class="label">[714]</span></a> Vaise o ouro ao mouro.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_715_715" id="Footnote_715_715"></a><a href="#FNanchor_715_715"><span class="label">[715]</span></a> Quien en un año quiere ser rico, al medio le ahorcan.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_716_716" id="Footnote_716_716"></a><a href="#FNanchor_716_716"><span class="label">[716]</span></a> Abondance engendre fâcherie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_717_717" id="Footnote_717_717"></a><a href="#FNanchor_717_717"><span class="label">[717]</span></a> Agoa salobra na terra seca he doce.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_718_718" id="Footnote_718_718"></a><a href="#FNanchor_718_718"><span class="label">[718]</span></a> Mas descubre un hambriento que cien letrados.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_719_719" id="Footnote_719_719"></a><a href="#FNanchor_719_719"><span class="label">[719]</span></a> De tout s'avise à qui pain faut.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_720_720" id="Footnote_720_720"></a><a href="#FNanchor_720_720"><span class="label">[720]</span></a> Hombre pobre todo es trazas.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_721_721" id="Footnote_721_721"></a><a href="#FNanchor_721_721"><span class="label">[721]</span></a> Armuth und Hunger haben viel gelehrte Jünger.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_722_722" id="Footnote_722_722"></a><a href="#FNanchor_722_722"><span class="label">[722]</span></a> Armuth ist der sechste Sinn.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_723_723" id="Footnote_723_723"></a><a href="#FNanchor_723_723"><span class="label">[723]</span></a> Armuth ist listig, sie fängt auch einen Fuchs.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_724_724" id="Footnote_724_724"></a><a href="#FNanchor_724_724"><span class="label">[724]</span></a> The same in Italian, Bisogna fa trottar la vecchia; and in -French, Besoin fait vieille trotter.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_725_725" id="Footnote_725_725"></a><a href="#FNanchor_725_725"><span class="label">[725]</span></a> Fa forame il can per fame.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_726_726" id="Footnote_726_726"></a><a href="#FNanchor_726_726"><span class="label">[726]</span></a> La fame caccia il lupo fuor del bosco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_727_727" id="Footnote_727_727"></a><a href="#FNanchor_727_727"><span class="label">[727]</span></a> Can affamato non ha paura del bastone.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_728_728" id="Footnote_728_728"></a><a href="#FNanchor_728_728"><span class="label">[728]</span></a> Carnero harto de su rabo se espanta.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_729_729" id="Footnote_729_729"></a><a href="#FNanchor_729_729"><span class="label">[729]</span></a> Pauvreté n'est pas vice, mais c'est une espèce de laiderie.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_191" id="Page_191">[191]</a></span></p> - -<h2>BEGINNING AND END.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>A good beginning makes a good ending.</b></p> - -<p><b>Well begun is half done.</b></p></blockquote> - -<p>Tersely translated from the Latin, <i>Dimidium facti qui -bene cœpit habet</i>. "A beard lathered is half shaved," -say the Spaniards.<a name="FNanchor_730_730" id="FNanchor_730_730"></a><a href="#Footnote_730_730" class="fnanchor">[730]</a> In an article on the "Philosophy -of Proverbs" the author of the "Curiosities of Literature" -gives an example from the Italian, which he -deems of peculiar interest, "for it is perpetuated by -Dante, and is connected with the character of Milton." -Besides these distinctions it has a third (not surmised -by Disraeli), as a linguistic curiosity; for though it -consists of but four words, and those among the -commonest in the language, its literal meaning is undetermined, -and diametrically opposite interpretations -have been given of it even by native authorities. <i>Cosa -fatta capo ha</i> is the proverb in question, which some -understand as signifying, "A deed done has an end;" -or, as the Scotch say, "A thing done is no to do." It -is thus rendered by Torriano in 1666; whilst Giusti, -in 1853, explains it as meaning, "A deed done has a -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_192" id="Page_192">[192]</a></span>beginning;" or, in other words, if you would accomplish -anything, you must not content yourself with pondering -over it for ever, but must proceed to action. Such -another instance of divided opinion respecting the -import of four familiar words in a simply-constructed -sentence is probably not to be found in the history of -modern languages.</p> - -<p>This proverb is the "bad word" to which tradition -ascribes the origin of the civil wars that long desolated -Tuscany. When Buondelmonte broke his engagement -with a lady of the Amadei family, and married another, -the kinsmen of the injured lady assembled to consider -how they should deal with the offender. They inclined -to pass sentence of death upon him; but their fear of -the evils that might ensue from that decision long -held them in suspense. At last Mosca Lamberti cried -out that "those who talk of many things effect -nothing," quoting, says Macchiavelli, "that trite and -common adage, <i>Cosa fatta capo ha</i>." This decided -the question. Buondelmonte was murdered; and the -deed immediately involved Florence in those miserable -conflicts of Guelphs and Ghibellines, from which she -had stood aloof until then. The "bad word" uttered -by Mosca has been immortalised by Dante (<i>Inferno</i>, -xxviii.), and variously rendered by his English translators. -Cary presents the passage thus:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i4">"Then one</div> -<div class="i0">Maim'd of each hand uplifted in the gloom</div> -<div class="i0">The bleeding stumps, that they with gory spots</div> -<div class="i0">Sullied his face, and cried, 'Remember thee</div><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_193" id="Page_193">[193]</a></span> -<div class="i0">Of Mosca too—I who, alas! exclaim'd,</div> -<div class="i0">The deed once done, there is an end—that proved</div> -<div class="i0">A seed of sorrow to the Tuscan race.'"</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">Wright's version is,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Then one deprived of both his hands, who stood</div> -<div class="i0">Lifting the bleeding stumps amid the dim</div> -<div class="i0">Dense air, so that his face was stain'd with blood,</div> -<div class="i0">Cried, 'In thy mind let Mosca bear a place,</div> -<div class="i0">Who said, alas! Deed done is well begun—</div> -<div class="i0">Words fraught with evil to the Tuscan race.'"</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">Disraeli adopts Cary's interpretation of the proverb, -and does not seem to suspect that it can have any -other. Milton appears to have used it in the same -sense. "When deeply engaged," says Disraeli, "in -writing 'The Defence of the People,' and warned that it -might terminate in his blindness, he resolutely concluded -his work, exclaiming with great magnanimity, -although the fatal prognostication had been accomplished, -<i>Cosa fatta capo ha!</i> Did this proverb also -influence his decision on that great national event, -when the most honest-minded fluctuated between -doubts and fears?"</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The first blow is half the battle.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is as good as two according to the Italians.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b><span class="err" title="original: Teh">The</span> hardest step is over the threshold.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The first step is all the difficulty" (French).<a name="FNanchor_731_731" id="FNanchor_731_731"></a><a href="#Footnote_731_731" class="fnanchor">[731]</a> It -is well known that after St. Denis was decapitated he -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_194" id="Page_194">[194]</a></span>picked up his head, and walked a league with it in his -hand to the spot where his church was afterwards -erected. Recounting this miracle one day in a private -circle, Cardinal de Polignac laid great stress on the -length of the way traversed in that manner by the -martyred saint; whereupon Madame du Deffaut remarked -that this was not the most surprising part of -the miracle, for in such cases "the first step was all -the difficulty."</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Everything has a beginning.</b></p> - -<p><b>A child must creep ere it can go.</b> -</p></blockquote> -<p>"Every beginning is feeble" (Latin).<a name="FNanchor_732_732" id="FNanchor_732_732"></a><a href="#Footnote_732_732" class="fnanchor">[732]</a> "'Every -beginning is hard,' as the thief said when he began by -stealing an anvil" (German).<a name="FNanchor_733_733" id="FNanchor_733_733"></a><a href="#Footnote_733_733" class="fnanchor">[733]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Rome was not built in a day.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_730_730" id="Footnote_730_730"></a><a href="#FNanchor_730_730"><span class="label">[730]</span></a> Barba remojada, medio rapada.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_731_731" id="Footnote_731_731"></a><a href="#FNanchor_731_731"><span class="label">[731]</span></a> Ce n'est que le premier pas qui coûte.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_732_732" id="Footnote_732_732"></a><a href="#FNanchor_732_732"><span class="label">[732]</span></a> Omne principium est debile.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_733_733" id="Footnote_733_733"></a><a href="#FNanchor_733_733"><span class="label">[733]</span></a> Aller Anfang ist schwer, sprach der Dieb, und stahl zuerst -einen Ambos.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_195" id="Page_195">[195]</a></span></p> -<h2>OFFICE.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote> -<p><b>The office shows the man.</b></p> - -<p><b>'Tis the place shows the man.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>It tries his capacity, and shows what stuff he is made -of. But it also forms the man; it teaches him -(German)<a name="FNanchor_734_734" id="FNanchor_734_734"></a><a href="#Footnote_734_734" class="fnanchor">[734]</a> if he has the faculty to be taught, so that it -may be said with some truth, "To whom God gives an -office he gives understanding also" (German).<a name="FNanchor_735_735" id="FNanchor_735_735"></a><a href="#Footnote_735_735" class="fnanchor">[735]</a> "A -great place strangely qualifies," saith Selden. "John -Read was groom of the chamber to my lord of Kent. -Attorney-General Roy being dead, some were saying, -how would the king do for a fit man? 'Why, any man,' -says John Read, 'may execute the place.' 'I warrant,' -says my lord, 'thou thinkest thou understand'st enough -to perform it.' 'Yes,' quoth John; 'let the king make me -attorney, and I would fain see that man that durst tell -me there's anything I understand not.'" The proverb -at the head of this paragraph is literally translated -from a Greek maxim, attributed by Sophocles to Solon, -and to Bias by Aristotle.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_196" id="Page_196">[196]</a></span> - -<b>He is a poor cook that cannot lick his own fingers.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>And "He is a bad manager of honey" who does not -help himself in the same way (French).<a name="FNanchor_736_736" id="FNanchor_736_736"></a><a href="#Footnote_736_736" class="fnanchor">[736]</a> The rule -applies to all who have the fingering of good things, -whether in a public or a private capacity. "He who -manages other people's wealth does not go supperless -to bed" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_737_737" id="FNanchor_737_737"></a><a href="#Footnote_737_737" class="fnanchor">[737]</a> "All offices are greasy" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_738_738" id="FNanchor_738_738"></a><a href="#Footnote_738_738" class="fnanchor">[738]</a> -Something sticks to them. Wheels are greased to -make them run smoothly, and in some countries it is -found that what the Dutch call smear money may be -applied to official palms with advantage to the operator. -The French call this <i>Graisser la patte à quelqu'un</i>. -"'Hast thou no money? then turn placeman,' said the -court fool to his sovereign'" (German).<a name="FNanchor_739_739" id="FNanchor_739_739"></a><a href="#Footnote_739_739" class="fnanchor">[739]</a> King James, -we are told by L'Estrange, was once complaining of the -leanness of his hunting horse. Archie, his fool, standing -by, said to him, "If that be all, take no care; I'll -teach your Majesty a way to raise his flesh presently; -and if he be not as fat as ever he can wallow, you shall -ride me." "I prithee, fool, how?" said the king. -"Why, do but make him a bishop, and I'll warrant -you," says Archie.</p> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_197" id="Page_197">[197]</a></span> - -A good deal of surreptitious finger-licking and fattening -would be prevented if this truth were clearly -understood, that "Office without pay [or with inadequate -pay] makes thieves" (German).<a name="FNanchor_740_740" id="FNanchor_740_740"></a><a href="#Footnote_740_740" class="fnanchor">[740]</a> "He cannot -keep a good course who serves without reward" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_741_741" id="FNanchor_741_741"></a><a href="#Footnote_741_741" class="fnanchor">[741]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A man gets little thanks for losing his own.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>An excuse for taking the perquisites of office, however -extortionate they may be.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is the clerk that makes the justice.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The magistrate would often be wrong in his law if -he were not kept right by the clerk. "The blood of -the soldier makes the captain great" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_742_742" id="FNanchor_742_742"></a><a href="#Footnote_742_742" class="fnanchor">[742]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>For faut o' wise men fules sit on binks [benches].</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"For want of good men they made my father -alcalde" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_743_743" id="FNanchor_743_743"></a><a href="#Footnote_743_743" class="fnanchor">[743]</a> We do not always see the right -man in the right place.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Never deal with the man when you can deal with the master.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"It is better to have to do with God than with his -saints"<a name="FNanchor_744_744" id="FNanchor_744_744"></a><a href="#Footnote_744_744" class="fnanchor">[744]</a> is a French proverb, which Voltaire has fitted -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_198" id="Page_198">[198]</a></span>with a droll story. A king of Spain, he tells us, had -promised to bestow relief upon the people of the -country round Burgos, who had been ruined by war. -They flocked to the palace, but the doorkeepers would -not let them in except on condition of having part of -what they should get. Having consented to this, the -countrymen entered the royal hall, where their leader -knelt at the monarch's feet and said, "I beseech your -Royal Highness to command that every man of us here -shall receive a hundred lashes." "An odd petition -truly!" said the king. "Why do you ask for such a -thing?" "Because," said the peasant, "your people -insist on having the half of whatever you give us."</p> - -<p>M. Quitard believes that the saints referred to in the -French proverb are the "frost" or "vintage saints,"<a name="FNanchor_745_745" id="FNanchor_745_745"></a><a href="#Footnote_745_745" class="fnanchor">[745]</a> -so called because their festivals, which occur in April, -are noted in the popular calendar as days on which -frost is injurious to the young green crops and to vines. -The husbandmen, whose fields and vineyards were -injured by the inclemency of the weather, used to hold -these saints responsible for the damage they ought to -have prevented, and the reproaches addressed to them -might very naturally take the form perpetuated in the -proverb. This is the more probable as it is recorded -in the ecclesiastical annals of Cahors and Rhodez that -the angry agriculturists were in the habit of flogging -the images of the frost saints, defacing their pictures, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_199" id="Page_199">[199]</a></span>and otherwise maltreating them. Rabelais asserts, with -mock gravity, that, in order to put an end to these -scandalous irregularities, a bishop of Auxerre proposed -to transfer the festivals of the frost saints to the dog -days, and make the month of August change place -with April.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A king's cheese goes half away in parings.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>His revenues are half eaten up before they enter his -coffers. Before Sully took the French finances in hand -such was the system of plunder established by the -farmers of the revenue, that the state realised only one-fifth -of the gross amount of taxes imposed on the -subjects; the other four-fifths were consumed by the -financiers. Under such a wasteful system as this, or -one in any degree like it, one might well say that</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Kings' chaff is worth other men's corn.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The perquisites belonging to the king's service are -better than the wages earned elsewhere.</p> - -<blockquote><p><b>The clerk wishes the priest to have a fat dish.</b>—<i>Gaelic.</i></p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_734_734" id="Footnote_734_734"></a><a href="#FNanchor_734_734"><span class="label">[734]</span></a> Das Amt lehrt den Mann.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_735_735" id="Footnote_735_735"></a><a href="#FNanchor_735_735"><span class="label">[735]</span></a> Wein Gott ein Amt giebt, dem giebt er auch Verstand.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_736_736" id="Footnote_736_736"></a><a href="#FNanchor_736_736"><span class="label">[736]</span></a> Celui gouverne bien mal le miel, qui n'en taste et ses -doigts n'en lesche.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_737_737" id="Footnote_737_737"></a><a href="#FNanchor_737_737"><span class="label">[737]</span></a> Chi maneggia quel degli altri, non va a letto senza cena.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_738_738" id="Footnote_738_738"></a><a href="#FNanchor_738_738"><span class="label">[738]</span></a> Alle amten zijn smeerig.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_739_739" id="Footnote_739_739"></a><a href="#FNanchor_739_739"><span class="label">[739]</span></a> Hast du kein Geld? so wird ein Amtmann, sagte jeuer -Hofnarr zu seinen Fürsten.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_740_740" id="Footnote_740_740"></a><a href="#FNanchor_740_740"><span class="label">[740]</span></a> Amt ohne Sold macht Diebe.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_741_741" id="Footnote_741_741"></a><a href="#FNanchor_741_741"><span class="label">[741]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Buona via non può tenere</div> -<div class="i0">Quel chi serve senz' avere.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_742_742" id="Footnote_742_742"></a><a href="#FNanchor_742_742"><span class="label">[742]</span></a> Il sangue dei soldati fa grande il capitano.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_743_743" id="Footnote_743_743"></a><a href="#FNanchor_743_743"><span class="label">[743]</span></a> Por falta de hombres buenos, á mi padre hicieron alcalde.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_744_744" id="Footnote_744_744"></a><a href="#FNanchor_744_744"><span class="label">[744]</span></a> Il vaut mieux avoir affaire à Dieu qu'à ses saints.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_745_745" id="Footnote_745_745"></a><a href="#FNanchor_745_745"><span class="label">[745]</span></a> Saints gélifs, saints vendangeurs.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_200" id="Page_200">[200]</a></span> -</p> - -<h2>LAW AND LAWYERS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>Law-makers should not be law-breakers.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Parliament has made it penal to pollute the air of -towns with smoke, and the <i>Builder</i> complains that -more smoke issues from parliament's own chimneys -than from any six factories in London.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Abundance of law breaks no law.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is safer to exceed than to fall short of what the -law requires.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>In a thousand pounds of law there is not an ounce of love.</b></p> - -<p><b>A pennyweight of love is worth a pound weight of law.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>So much more cogent is the one than the other.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Laws were made for rogues.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"For the upright there are no laws" (German).<a name="FNanchor_746_746" id="FNanchor_746_746"></a><a href="#Footnote_746_746" class="fnanchor">[746]</a> -They are designed to control those to whom it may be -said,—</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Ye wad do little for God if the deil were dead.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"The fear o' hell's a hangman's whip</div> -<div class="i2">To keep the wretch in order;</div> -<div class="i0">But where ye feel your honour grip,</div> -<div class="i2">Let that be aye your border.</div> -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_201" id="Page_201">[201]</a></span></div><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Its slightest touches, instant pause,</div> -<div class="i2">Debar a' side pretences,</div> -<div class="i0">And resolutely keep its laws,</div> -<div class="i2">Uncaring consequences."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that loves law will get his fill of it.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Agree, for the law is costly.</b> -</p> -<p><b>Law's costly; tak a pint and 'gree.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Lord Mansfield declared that if any man claimed -a field from him he would give it up, provided the -concession were kept secret, rather than engage in -proceedings at law. Hesiod, in admonishing his -brother always to prefer a friendly accommodation to -a lawsuit, gave to the world the paradoxical proverb, -"The half is more than the whole." Very often "A -lean agreement is better than a fat lawsuit" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_747_747" id="FNanchor_747_747"></a><a href="#Footnote_747_747" class="fnanchor">[747]</a> -"Lawyers' garments are lined with suitors' obstinacy" -(Italian);<a name="FNanchor_748_748" id="FNanchor_748_748"></a><a href="#Footnote_748_748" class="fnanchor">[748]</a> and "Their houses are built of fools' heads" -(French).<a name="FNanchor_749_749" id="FNanchor_749_749"></a><a href="#Footnote_749_749" class="fnanchor">[749]</a> Doctors and lawyers are notoriously shy -of taking what they prescribe for others. "No good -lawyer ever goes to law" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_750_750" id="FNanchor_750_750"></a><a href="#Footnote_750_750" class="fnanchor">[750]</a> Lord Chancellor -Thurlow did so once, but in his case the exception -approved the rule. A house had been built for him -by contract, but he had made himself liable for more -than the stipulated price by ordering some departures -from the specification whilst the work was in progress. -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_202" id="Page_202">[202]</a></span>He refused to pay the additional charge; the builder -brought an action and got a verdict against him, and -surly Thurlow never afterwards set foot within the -house which was the monument of his wrong-headedness -and its chastisement.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Refer my coat, and lose a sleeve.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Arbitrators generally make both parties abate something -of their pretensions.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Fair and softly, as lawyers go to heaven.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The odds are great against their ever getting there, -if it be true that "Unless hell is full never will a -lawyer be saved" (French).<a name="FNanchor_751_751" id="FNanchor_751_751"></a><a href="#Footnote_751_751" class="fnanchor">[751]</a> "The greater lawyer, -the worse Christian" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_752_752" id="FNanchor_752_752"></a><a href="#Footnote_752_752" class="fnanchor">[752]</a> "'Virtue in the -middle,' said the devil as he sat between two -attorneys" (Danish).<a name="FNanchor_753_753" id="FNanchor_753_753"></a><a href="#Footnote_753_753" class="fnanchor">[753]</a></p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_746_746" id="Footnote_746_746"></a><a href="#FNanchor_746_746"><span class="label">[746]</span></a> Für Gerechte giebt es keine Gesetze.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_747_747" id="Footnote_747_747"></a><a href="#FNanchor_747_747"><span class="label">[747]</span></a> E meglio un magro accordo che una grassa lite.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_748_748" id="Footnote_748_748"></a><a href="#FNanchor_748_748"><span class="label">[748]</span></a> Le vesti degli avvocati son fodrate dell' ostinazion dei litiganti.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_749_749" id="Footnote_749_749"></a><a href="#FNanchor_749_749"><span class="label">[749]</span></a> Les maisons des avocats sont faictes de la teste des folz.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_750_750" id="Footnote_750_750"></a><a href="#FNanchor_750_750"><span class="label">[750]</span></a> Nessun buon avvocato piatisce mai.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_751_751" id="Footnote_751_751"></a><a href="#FNanchor_751_751"><span class="label">[751]</span></a> Si enfer n'est plein, oncques n'y aura d'avocat sauvé.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_752_752" id="Footnote_752_752"></a><a href="#FNanchor_752_752"><span class="label">[752]</span></a> Hoe grooter jurist, hoe boozer Christ.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_753_753" id="Footnote_753_753"></a><a href="#FNanchor_753_753"><span class="label">[753]</span></a> Dyden i Midten, sagde Fanden, han sal imellem to Procuratoren.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_203" id="Page_203">[203]</a></span></p> - -<h2>PHYSIC. PHYSICIANS. MAXIMS RELATING -TO HEALTH.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>If the doctor cures, the sun sees it; if he kills, the earth hides it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"The earth covers the mistakes of the physician" -(Italian, Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_754_754" id="FNanchor_754_754"></a><a href="#Footnote_754_754" class="fnanchor">[754]</a> "Bleed him and purge him; if he -dies, bury him" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_755_755" id="FNanchor_755_755"></a><a href="#Footnote_755_755" class="fnanchor">[755]</a> It is a melancholy truth -that "The doctor is often more to be feared than the -disease" (French).<a name="FNanchor_756_756" id="FNanchor_756_756"></a><a href="#Footnote_756_756" class="fnanchor">[756]</a> "Throw physic to the dogs" is -in effect the advice given by many eminent physicians, -and by some of the greatest thinkers the world has -seen. "Shun doctors and doctors' drugs if you wish -to be well,"<a name="FNanchor_757_757" id="FNanchor_757_757"></a><a href="#Footnote_757_757" class="fnanchor">[757]</a> was the seventh, last, and best rule of -health laid down by the famous physician Hoffmann. -Sir William Hamilton declared that "Medicine in the -hands in which it is vulgarly dispensed is a curse to -humanity rather than a blessing;" and Sir Astley -Cooper did not scruple to avow that "The science of -medicine was founded on conjecture and improved by -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_204" id="Page_204">[204]</a></span>murder." It is a remarkable fact that "The doctor -seldom takes physic" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_758_758" id="FNanchor_758_758"></a><a href="#Footnote_758_758" class="fnanchor">[758]</a> He does not appear -to have a very lively faith in his own art. As for his -alleged cures, their reality does not pass unquestioned. -It is true that "Dear physic always does good, if not -to the patient, at least to the apothecary" (German);<a name="FNanchor_759_759" id="FNanchor_759_759"></a><a href="#Footnote_759_759" class="fnanchor">[759]</a> -but "It is God that cures, and the doctor gets the -money" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_760_760" id="FNanchor_760_760"></a><a href="#Footnote_760_760" class="fnanchor">[760]</a> Save your money, then, and "If -you have a friend who is a doctor take off your hat to -him, and send him to the house of your enemy" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_761_761" id="FNanchor_761_761"></a><a href="#Footnote_761_761" class="fnanchor">[761]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The best physicians are Dr. Diet, Dr. Quiet, and Dr. Merriman.</b></p> - -<p><b>Every man at forty is either a fool or a physician.</b></p> - -<p><b>A creaking gate hangs long on its hinges.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>Valetudinarians often outlive persons of robust constitution -who take less care of themselves. A French -saying to this purpose, which is too idiomatic to be -translated, was neatly applied by Pozzo di Borgo in -a conversation with Lady Holland. Her ladyship, -exulting in the duration of the Whig government, notwithstanding -the prevalent anticipations of their fall, -said to him, "Vous voyez, Monsieur l'Ambassadeur, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_205" id="Page_205">[205]</a></span>que nous vivons toujours." "Oui, madame," he -replied, "les petites santés durent quelquefois longtemps." -"Creaking carts last longest" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_762_762" id="FNanchor_762_762"></a><a href="#Footnote_762_762" class="fnanchor">[762]</a> -"The flawed pots are the most lasting" (French).<a name="FNanchor_763_763" id="FNanchor_763_763"></a><a href="#Footnote_763_763" class="fnanchor">[763]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A groaning wife and a grunting horse ne'er failed their master.</b> -</p> -<p class="p2"><b>Seek your salve where ye got your sore.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Take a hair of the dog that bit you.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Advice given to persons suffering the after-pains of a -carouse. The same stimulant which caused their -nervous depression will also relieve it. The metaphor -is derived from an old medical practice to which Seneca -makes some allusion, and which is commended in a -rhyming French adage to this effect, "With the hair -of the beast that bit thee, or with its blood, thou wilt -be cured."<a name="FNanchor_764_764" id="FNanchor_764_764"></a><a href="#Footnote_764_764" class="fnanchor">[764]</a> Cervantes, in his tale of <i>La Gitanilla</i>, -thus describes an old gipsy woman's manner of treating -a person bitten by a dog:—"She took some of the dog's -hairs, fried them in oil, and after washing with wine -the two bites she found on the patients left leg, she -put the hairs and the oil upon them, and over this -dressing a little chewed green rosemary. She then -bound the leg up carefully with clean bandages, made -the sign of the cross over it, and said, 'Now go to -sleep, friend, and with the help of God your hurts will -not signify.'"</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_206" id="Page_206">[206]</a></span> - -<b>One nail drives out another.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is the doctrine of homœopathy. "Poison quells -poison" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_765_765" id="FNanchor_765_765"></a><a href="#Footnote_765_765" class="fnanchor">[765]</a></p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"Tut, man! one fire burns out another's burning,</div> -<div class="i2">One pain is lessen'd by another's anguish.</div> -<div class="i0">Turn giddy, and be holp by backward turning:</div> -<div class="i2">One desperate grief cures with another's languish.</div> -<div class="i0">Take thou some new infection to thine eye,</div> -<div class="i0">And the rank poison of the old will die."—<i>Romeo and Juliet.</i></div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>If the wind strike thee through a hole,</b></div> -<div><b>Go make thy will and mend thy soul.</b></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>"A blast from a window is a shot from a crossbow" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_766_766" id="FNanchor_766_766"></a><a href="#Footnote_766_766" class="fnanchor">[766]</a> "To a bull and a draught of air give way" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_767_767" id="FNanchor_767_767"></a><a href="#Footnote_767_767" class="fnanchor">[767]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>One hour's sleep before midnight is worth two hours after it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Ladies rightly call sleep before midnight "beauty -sleep."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Old young, and old long.</b><a name="FNanchor_768_768" id="FNanchor_768_768"></a><a href="#Footnote_768_768" class="fnanchor">[768]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>You must leave off the irregularities of youth be-times -if you wish to enjoy a long and hale old age; for</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Young men's knocks old men feel.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_207" id="Page_207">[207]</a></span> - -"The sins of our youth we atone for in our old age" -(Latin).<a name="FNanchor_769_769" id="FNanchor_769_769"></a><a href="#Footnote_769_769" class="fnanchor">[769]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Rub your sore eye with your elbow.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>He who laid down this rule of sound surgery was a -man <i>qui ne se mouchait pas du talon</i>; he did not blow -his nose with his heel. If a speck of dust enters your -eye, close the lid gently, keep your fingers away from -it, and leave the foreign body to be washed by the tears -to the inner corner of the eye, whence it may be -removed without difficulty.</p> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_754_754" id="Footnote_754_754"></a><a href="#FNanchor_754_754"><span class="label">[754]</span></a> Gli errori del medico gli copre la terra. Los yerros del -médico la tierra los cubre.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_755_755" id="Footnote_755_755"></a><a href="#FNanchor_755_755"><span class="label">[755]</span></a> Sungrarle y purgarle; si se muriere, enterrarle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_756_756" id="Footnote_756_756"></a><a href="#FNanchor_756_756"><span class="label">[756]</span></a> Le médecin est souvent plus à craindre que la maladie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_757_757" id="Footnote_757_757"></a><a href="#FNanchor_757_757"><span class="label">[757]</span></a> Fuge medicos ac medicamenta, si vis esse salvus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_758_758" id="Footnote_758_758"></a><a href="#FNanchor_758_758"><span class="label">[758]</span></a> Di rado il medico piglia medicina.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_759_759" id="Footnote_759_759"></a><a href="#FNanchor_759_759"><span class="label">[759]</span></a> Theure Arznei hilft immer, wenn nicht dem Kranken doch -dem Apotheker.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_760_760" id="Footnote_760_760"></a><a href="#FNanchor_760_760"><span class="label">[760]</span></a> Dios es el que sana, y el medico lleva la plata.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_761_761" id="Footnote_761_761"></a><a href="#FNanchor_761_761"><span class="label">[761]</span></a> Si tienes medico amigo, quitale la gorra, y envialo á casa de -tu enemigo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_762_762" id="Footnote_762_762"></a><a href="#FNanchor_762_762"><span class="label">[762]</span></a> Krakende wagens duirren het langst.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_763_763" id="Footnote_763_763"></a><a href="#FNanchor_763_763"><span class="label">[763]</span></a> Les pots fêtés sont ceux qui durent le plus.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_764_764" id="Footnote_764_764"></a><a href="#FNanchor_764_764"><span class="label">[764]</span></a> -</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">Du poil de la bête qui te mordit,</div> -<div class="i0">Ou de son sang, seras guéri.</div> -</div></div></div> -</div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_765_765" id="Footnote_765_765"></a><a href="#FNanchor_765_765"><span class="label">[765]</span></a> Il veleno si spegne col veleno.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_766_766" id="Footnote_766_766"></a><a href="#FNanchor_766_766"><span class="label">[766]</span></a> Aria di fenestra, colpodi balestra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_767_767" id="Footnote_767_767"></a><a href="#FNanchor_767_767"><span class="label">[767]</span></a> Al toro y al aire darles calle.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_768_768" id="Footnote_768_768"></a><a href="#FNanchor_768_768"><span class="label">[768]</span></a> Mature fias senex, si diu velis esse senex.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_769_769" id="Footnote_769_769"></a><a href="#FNanchor_769_769"><span class="label">[769]</span></a> Quæ peccavimus juvenes, ea luimus senes.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> - -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_208" id="Page_208">[208]</a></span></p> -<h2>CLERGY.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>It's kittle shooting at corbies and clergy.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Crows are very wary, and the clergy are vindictive; -therefore it is ticklish work trying to get the better of -either. "One must either not meddle with priests or -else smite them dead," say the Germans;<a name="FNanchor_770_770" id="FNanchor_770_770"></a><a href="#Footnote_770_770" class="fnanchor">[770]</a> and Huss, -the Bohemian reformer, in denouncing the sins of the -clergy in his day, has preserved for us a similar proverb -of his countrymen: "If you have offended a clerk kill -him, else you will never have peace with him."<a name="FNanchor_771_771" id="FNanchor_771_771"></a><a href="#Footnote_771_771" class="fnanchor">[771]</a> "The -bites of priests and wolves are hard to heal" (German).<a name="FNanchor_772_772" id="FNanchor_772_772"></a><a href="#Footnote_772_772" class="fnanchor">[772]</a> -"Priests and women never forget" (German).<a name="FNanchor_773_773" id="FNanchor_773_773"></a><a href="#Footnote_773_773" class="fnanchor">[773]</a> -"How dangerous it was," says Gross, "to injure the -meanest retainer of a religious house is very ludicrously -but justly expressed in the following old English adage, -which I have somewhere met with:—</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_209" id="Page_209">[209]</a></span> - -<b>'Yf perchaunce one offend a freere's dogge, streight clameth the -whole brotherhood, An heresy! An heresy!'"</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p class="noin">There is an old German proverb to the same purpose, -which Eiserlein heard once from the lips of an aged -lay servitor of a monastery in the Black Forest: "Offend -one monk, and the lappets of all cowls will flutter as -far as Rome."<a name="FNanchor_774_774" id="FNanchor_774_774"></a><a href="#Footnote_774_774" class="fnanchor">[774]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>What was good the friar never loved.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Popular opinion attributes to the clergy, both secular -and regular, a lively regard for the good things of this -life, and a determination to have their full share of -them. "No priest ever died of hunger" is a remark -made by the Livonians; and they add, "Give the priests -all thou hast, and thou wilt have given them nearly -enough." "A priest's pocket is hard to fill,"<a name="FNanchor_775_775" id="FNanchor_775_775"></a><a href="#Footnote_775_775" class="fnanchor">[775]</a> at least -in Denmark; and the Italians say, that "Priests, -monks, nuns, and poultry never have enough."<a name="FNanchor_776_776" id="FNanchor_776_776"></a><a href="#Footnote_776_776" class="fnanchor">[776]</a> -"Abbot of Carzuela," cries the Spaniard, "you eat up -the stew, and you ask for the stewpan."<a name="FNanchor_777_777" id="FNanchor_777_777"></a><a href="#Footnote_777_777" class="fnanchor">[777]</a> The worst -testimony against the monastic order comes from the -countries in which they most abound: "Where friars -swarm, keep your eyes open" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_778_778" id="FNanchor_778_778"></a><a href="#Footnote_778_778" class="fnanchor">[778]</a> "Have -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_210" id="Page_210">[210]</a></span>neither a good monk for a friend, nor a bad one for an -enemy" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_779_779" id="FNanchor_779_779"></a><a href="#Footnote_779_779" class="fnanchor">[779]</a> "As for friars, live with them, -eat with them, walk with them, and then sell them, for -thus they do themselves" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_780_780" id="FNanchor_780_780"></a><a href="#Footnote_780_780" class="fnanchor">[780]</a> The propensity -of churchmen to identify their own personal interests -with the welfare of the church are glanced at in the -following:—"The monk that begs for God's sake begs -for two" (Spanish, French).<a name="FNanchor_781_781" id="FNanchor_781_781"></a><a href="#Footnote_781_781" class="fnanchor">[781]</a> "'Oh, what we must -suffer for the church of God!' cried the abbot, when -the roast fowl burned his fingers" (German).<a name="FNanchor_782_782" id="FNanchor_782_782"></a><a href="#Footnote_782_782" class="fnanchor">[782]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>There's no mischief done in the world but there's a woman or a priest -at the bottom of it.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_770_770" id="Footnote_770_770"></a><a href="#FNanchor_770_770"><span class="label">[770]</span></a> Man muss mit Pfaffen nicht anfangen, oder sie todtschlagen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_771_771" id="Footnote_771_771"></a><a href="#FNanchor_771_771"><span class="label">[771]</span></a> Malum proverbium contra nos confinxerunt, dicentes, "Si -offenderis clericum, interfice eum; alias nunquam habebis -pacem cum illo."</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_772_772" id="Footnote_772_772"></a><a href="#FNanchor_772_772"><span class="label">[772]</span></a> Was Pfaffen beissen und Wölfe ist schwer zu heilen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_773_773" id="Footnote_773_773"></a><a href="#FNanchor_773_773"><span class="label">[773]</span></a> Pfaffen und Weiber vergessen nie.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_774_774" id="Footnote_774_774"></a><a href="#FNanchor_774_774"><span class="label">[774]</span></a> Beleidigestu einen Münch, so knappe alle Kuttenzipfel bis -nach Rom.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_775_775" id="Footnote_775_775"></a><a href="#FNanchor_775_775"><span class="label">[775]</span></a> Præstesæk er ond at fylde.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_776_776" id="Footnote_776_776"></a><a href="#FNanchor_776_776"><span class="label">[776]</span></a> Preti, frati, monache, e polli non si trovan mai satolli.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_777_777" id="Footnote_777_777"></a><a href="#FNanchor_777_777"><span class="label">[777]</span></a> Abad de Carçuela, comistes la olla, pedis la caçuela.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_778_778" id="Footnote_778_778"></a><a href="#FNanchor_778_778"><span class="label">[778]</span></a> Frailes sobrand', ojo alerte.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_779_779" id="Footnote_779_779"></a><a href="#FNanchor_779_779"><span class="label">[779]</span></a> Ni buen fraile por amigo, ni malo por enemigo.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_780_780" id="Footnote_780_780"></a><a href="#FNanchor_780_780"><span class="label">[780]</span></a> Frailes, viver con ellos, y comer con ellos, y andar con ellos, -y luego vender ellos, que asé hacen ellos.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_781_781" id="Footnote_781_781"></a><a href="#FNanchor_781_781"><span class="label">[781]</span></a> Fraile que pide por Dios, pide por dos. Moine qui -demande pour Dieu, demande pour deux.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_782_782" id="Footnote_782_782"></a><a href="#FNanchor_782_782"><span class="label">[782]</span></a> O was müssen wir der Kirche Gottes halber leiden! rief der -Abt, als ihm das gebratene Huhn die Finger versengt.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_211" id="Page_211">[211]</a></span> -</p> -<h2>SEASONS. WEATHER.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>If the grass grow in Janiveer,</b></div> -<div><b>It grows the worse for it all the year.</b></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>"When gnats dance in January the husbandman -becomes a beggar" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_783_783" id="FNanchor_783_783"></a><a href="#Footnote_783_783" class="fnanchor">[783]</a> An exception to these -rules is recorded by Ray, who says that "in the year -1667 the winter was so mild that the pastures were -very green in January; yet was there scarcely ever -known a more plentiful crop of hay than the summer -following."</p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<p><b>February fill dike, be it black or be it white.</b></p> - -<p><b>All the months in the year curse a fair Februeer.</b></p> - -<div><b>The hind had as lief see his wife on the bier</b></div> -<div><b>As that Candlemas day should be pleasant and clear.</b></div> -</blockquote> - -<p>Candlemas day is the 2nd of February, when the -Romish Church celebrates the purification of the Virgin -Mary. On that day, also, the church candles are -blessed for the whole year, and they are carried in procession -in the hands of the faithful. Then the use of -tapers at vespers and litanies, which prevails throughout -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_212" id="Page_212">[212]</a></span>the winter, ceases until the ensuing Allhallowmas: -hence the proverb,—</p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<div><b>On Candlemas day</b></div> -<div><b>Throw candle and candlestick away.</b> -</div></blockquote> - -<p>Browne, in his "Vulgar Errors," says there is a -general tradition in most parts of Europe that inferreth -the coldness of the succeeding winter from the shining -of the sun on Candlemas day, according to the proverbial -distich:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><i>Si sol splendescat Marin purificante,</i></div> -<div class="i0"><i>Major erit glacies post festum quam fuit ante.</i></div> -</div></div></div> -<div class="center"> -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"If Candlemas day be fair and bright,</div> -<div class="i0">Winter will have another flight;</div> -<div class="i0">If on Candlemas day there be shower and rain,</div> -<div class="i0">Winter is gone and will not come again."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>Another version of this proverb current in the north -of England is,—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"If Candlemas day be dry and fair,</div> -<div class="i0">The half of winter's to come and mair;</div> -<div class="i0">If Candlemas day be wet and foul [pronounce <i>fool</i>],</div> -<div class="i0">The half of winter's gone to Yule."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"> -<p><b>March comes in like a lion and goes out like a lamb.</b> -</p> -<p><b>March comes in with adder heads and goes out with peacock tails.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>A peck of March dust is worth a king's ransom.</b> -</p> -<p><b>A dry March never begs its bread.</b> -</p> - -<div><b>A peck of March dust and a shower in May</b></div> -<div><b>Make the corn green and the fields gay.</b></div> - -<div class="p2"><b>March winds and April showers</b></div> -<div><b>Bring forth May flowers.</b></div> -<div class="p2"><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_213" id="Page_213">[213]</a></span> - -<b>March wind and May sun</b></div> -<div><b>Make clothes white and maids dun.</b></div> - -<div class="p2"><b>So many mists in March you see,</b></div> -<div><b>So many frosts in May will be.</b></div> - -<p> -<b>March grass never did good.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"When gnats dance in March it brings death to -sheep" (Dutch).<a name="FNanchor_784_784" id="FNanchor_784_784"></a><a href="#Footnote_784_784" class="fnanchor">[784]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>When April blows his horn it's good both for hay and corn.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>"That is," says Ray, "when it thunders in April, -for thunder is usually accompanied with rain."</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A cold April the barn will fill.</b></p> - -<p><b>April and May are the keys of the year.</b> -</p> - <p><b>A May flood never did good.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>This applies to England. In Spain and Italy they -say, "Water in May is bread for all the year."<a name="FNanchor_785_785" id="FNanchor_785_785"></a><a href="#Footnote_785_785" class="fnanchor">[785]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>To wed in May is to wed poverty.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>There were fewer marriages in Scotland in May, 1857, -than in any other month of the year: it is an "unlucky -month." The proverb is recorded by Washington -Irving.</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>A swarm of bees in May is worth a load of hay,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>A swarm in June is worth a silver spoon,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>But a swarm in July is not worth a fly.</b></div> -</div><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>A shower in July, when the corn begins to fill,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>Is worth a plough of oxen and all belongs theretill.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_214" id="Page_214">[214]</a></span> - -<b>A dry summer never made a dear peck.</b></p> - -<p><b>Drought never bred dearth in England.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The same thing, and no more, is meant by the -following enigmatical rhyme:—</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0">"When the sand doth feed the clay,</div> -<div class="i0">England woe and well-a-day;</div> -<div class="i0">But when the clay doth feed the sand,</div> -<div class="i0">Then is it well with old England."</div> -</div></div></div> - -<p class="noin">The first of these two contingencies occurs after a -wet summer—the second after a dry one; and, as there -is more clay than sand in England, there is a better -harvest in the second case than in the first.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>Dry August and warm doth harvest no harm.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>They think differently on this point in the south -of Europe. "A wet August never brings dearth" -(Italian).<a name="FNanchor_786_786" id="FNanchor_786_786"></a><a href="#Footnote_786_786" class="fnanchor">[786]</a> "When it rains in August it rains honey -and wine" (Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_787_787" id="FNanchor_787_787"></a><a href="#Footnote_787_787" class="fnanchor">[787]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><b>September blow soft till the fruit's in the loft.</b></p> -<p><b>November take flail, let ships no more sail.</b></p> - -<p class="p2"> -<b>A green Christmas makes a fat churchyard.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It is a popular notion that a mild winter is less -healthy than a frosty one; but the Registrar-General's -returns prove that it is quite the contrary. The -mortality of the winter months is always in proportion -to the intensity of the cold. The proverb, therefore, -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_215" id="Page_215">[215]</a></span>must be given up as a fallacy. There is some truth in -this of the Germans, "A green Christmas, a white -Easter." The probability is that a very mild winter -will be followed by an inclement spring.</p> - -<blockquote class="interlinear"><p><b>A snow year, a rich year.</b></p> - -<p><b>Under water, dearth; under snow, bread.</b> -</p> -<div><b>Winter's thunder and summer's flood</b></div> -<div><b>Never boded an Englishman good.</b></div></blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_783_783" id="Footnote_783_783"></a><a href="#FNanchor_783_783"><span class="label">[783]</span></a> Als de muggen in Januar danssen, wordt de boer een -bedelaar.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_784_784" id="Footnote_784_784"></a><a href="#FNanchor_784_784"><span class="label">[784]</span></a> Als de muggen in Maart danssen, dat doet het schaap den -dood aan.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_785_785" id="Footnote_785_785"></a><a href="#FNanchor_785_785"><span class="label">[785]</span></a> Acqua di Maggio, pane per tutto l'anno.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_786_786" id="Footnote_786_786"></a><a href="#FNanchor_786_786"><span class="label">[786]</span></a> Agosto humido non mena mai carestia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_787_787" id="Footnote_787_787"></a><a href="#FNanchor_787_787"><span class="label">[787]</span></a> Quando llueve en Agosto, llueve miel y mosto.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_216" id="Page_216">[216]</a></span></p> -<h2>NATIONAL AND LOCAL CHARACTERISTICS. -LOCAL ALLUSIONS.</h2> -<hr class="tb" /> -<blockquote><p> -<b>A right Englishman knows not when a thing is well.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>It would seem, too, that he does not know when a -thing is ill; for the French say the English were beaten -at Waterloo, but had not the wit to know it.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>A Scotsman is aye wise ahint the hand.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>A Scotsman aye taks his mark frae a mischief.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>Scotsmen reckon aye frae an ill hour.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, they always date from some untoward event. -"A Scottish man," says James Kelly, "solicited the -Prince of Orange to be made an ensign, for he had -been a sergeant ever since his Highness ran away from -Groll."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>The Englishman weeps, the Irishman sleeps, but the Scotsman gaes till -he gets it.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Such, according to Scotch report, is the conduct of -the three when they want food.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The Welshman keeps nothing till he has lost it.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -<p><b>The older the Welshman, the more madman.</b>—<i>Welsh.</i> -</p> -<p><b>As long as a Welsh pedigree.</b></p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_217" id="Page_217">[217]</a></span> -<b>The Italianised Englishman is a devil incarnate.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_788_788" id="FNanchor_788_788"></a><a href="#Footnote_788_788" class="fnanchor">[788]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is the testimony of Italians. Of our country -they say,—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>England is the paradise of women, the purgatory of purses, and the -hell of horses.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_789_789" id="FNanchor_789_789"></a><a href="#Footnote_789_789" class="fnanchor">[789]</a> -</p> -<p><b>War with all the world, and peace with England.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i><a name="FNanchor_790_790" id="FNanchor_790_790"></a><a href="#Footnote_790_790" class="fnanchor">[790]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Beware of a white Spaniard and of a swarthy Englishman.</b>—<i>Dutch.</i><a name="FNanchor_791_791" id="FNanchor_791_791"></a><a href="#Footnote_791_791" class="fnanchor">[791]</a> -</p> -</blockquote> -<p>Apparently because they are out of kind, and therefore -presumed to be uncanny.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He has more to do than the ovens of London at Christmas.</b>—<i>Italian.</i> -</p> -<p><b>They agree like the clocks of London.</b>—<i>French</i>, <i>Italian</i>. -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Which clocks disagree to this day. (See <i>Household -Words</i>, No. 410.) "The city time measurers are so -far behind each other that the last chime of eight -has hardly fallen on the ear from the last church, when -another sprightly clock is heard to begin the hour of -nine. Each clock, however, governs, and is believed -in by, its own immediate neighbourhood."</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Shake a bridle over a Yorkshireman's grave, and he will rise and -steal a horse.</b></p> - -<p><b>He is Yorkshire.</b></p> -</blockquote> - -<p>He is a keen blade. "He's of Spoleto" (<i>E -Spoletino</i>), say the Italians.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_218" id="Page_218">[218]</a></span> - -<b>The devil will not come into Cornwall for fear of being put into a pie.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Cornish housewives make pies of such unlikely -materials as potatoes, pilchards, &c.</p> - -<div class="center"><div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>By Tre, Pol, and Pen,</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>You shall know the Cornish men.</b></div> -</div></div></div> - -<p>Surnames beginning with these syllables—<i>e.g.</i>, Trelawney, -Polwhele, Penrose—are originally Cornish.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A Scottish man and a Newcastle grindstone travel all the world -over.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Newcastle grindstones were long reputed the best of -their kind. Another version of the proverb associates -them with rats and red herrings, things which are -very widely diffused over the globe, but not more so -than Scotchmen.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Three great evils come out of the north—a cold wind, a cunning -knave, and a shrinking cloth.</b></p> - -<p><b>He's an Aberdeen's man; he may take his word again.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p> -<p><b>An Aberdeen's man ne'er stands to the word that hurts him.</b>—<i>Scotch.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>The people of Normandy labour under the same -imputation: "A Norman has his say and his unsay."<a name="FNanchor_792_792" id="FNanchor_792_792"></a><a href="#Footnote_792_792" class="fnanchor">[792]</a> -This proverb is said to have arisen out of the ancient -custom of the province, according to which contracts -did not become valid until twenty-four hours after they -had been signed, and either party was at liberty to -retract during that interval.</p> -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_219" id="Page_219">[219]</a></span> - -<b>Wise men of Gotham.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Gotham is a village in Nottinghamshire, declared by -universal consent, for reasons unknown, to be the -head quarters of stupidity in this country, on whose -inhabitants all sorts of ridiculous stories might be -fathered. The convenience of having such a butt for -sarcasm has been recognised by all nations. The -ancient Greeks had their Bœotia, which was for them -what Swabia is for the modern Germans. The Italians -compare foolish people to those of Zago, "Who sowed -needles that they might have a crop of crowbars, and -dunged the steeple to make it grow."<a name="FNanchor_793_793" id="FNanchor_793_793"></a><a href="#Footnote_793_793" class="fnanchor">[793]</a> The French say, -"Ninety-nine sheep and a Champenese make a round -hundred,"<a name="FNanchor_794_794" id="FNanchor_794_794"></a><a href="#Footnote_794_794" class="fnanchor">[794]</a> the man being a stupid animal like the -rest. The Abbé Tuet traces back the origin of this -story to Cæsar's conquest of Gaul. Before that period -the wealth of Champagne consisted in flocks of sheep, -which paid a rate in kind to the public revenue. The -conqueror, wishing to favour the staple of the province, -exempted from taxation all flocks numbering less than -a hundred head, and the consequence was that the -Champenese always divided their sheep into flocks of -ninety-nine. But Cæsar was soon even with them, for -he ordered that in future the shepherd of every flock -should be counted as a sheep, and pay as one.</p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_220" id="Page_220">[220]</a></span> - -<b>Tenterden steeple's the cause of the Goodwin Sands.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This proposition is commonly quoted as a flagrant -example of bad logic, illustrating the fallacy of the -reference <i>post hoc, ergo propter hoc</i>. A very quaint -account of its origin is given in these words in one of -Latimer's sermons:—"Mr. Moore was once sent with -commission into Kent, to try out, if it might be, what -was the cause of Goodwin's Sands, and the shelf -which stopped up Sandwich Haven. Thither cometh -Mr. Moore, and calleth all the country before him; -such as were thought to be men of experience, and -men that could of likelihood best satisfy him of the -matter concerning the stopping of Sandwich Haven. -Among the rest came in before him an old man with a -white head, and one that was thought to be little less -than an hundred years old. When Mr. Moore saw this -aged man he thought it expedient to hear him say his -mind in this matter; for, being so old a man, it was -likely that he knew most in that presence, or company. -So Mr. Moore called this old aged man unto him, and -said, 'Father, tell me, if you can, what is the cause of -the great arising of the sands and shelves here about -this haven, which stop it up so that no ships can arrive -here. You are the oldest man I can espy in all the -company, so that if any man can tell the cause of it, -you of all likelihood can say most to it, or at leastwise -more than any man here assembled.' 'Yea, forsooth, -good Mr. Moore,' quoth this old man, 'for I am well-nigh -an hundred years old, and no man here in this company -anything near my age.' 'Well, then,' quoth Mr.<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_221" id="Page_221">[221]</a></span> -Moore, 'how say you to this matter? What think you -to be the cause of these shelves and sands, which stop -up Sandwich Haven?' 'Forsooth, sir,' quoth he, 'I am -an old man; I think that Tenterton steeple is the -cause of Goodwin's Sands. For I am an old man, sir,' -quoth he; 'I may remember the building of Tenterton -steeple, and I may remember when there was no -steeple at all there. And before that Tenterton steeple -was in building there was no manner of talking of any -flats or sands that stopped up the haven; and therefore -I think that Tenterton steeple is the cause of the -decay and destroying of Sandwich Haven.'"</p> - -<p>After all, this is not so palpable a <i>non sequitur</i> as it -appears, for, says Fuller, "One story is good till -another is told; and though this be all whereupon this -proverb is generally grounded, I met since with a -supplement thereunto: it is this. Time out of mind, -money was constantly collected out of this county to -fence the east banks thereof against the irruption of the -sea, and such sums were deposited in the hands of the -Bishop of Rochester; but because the sea had been -quiet for many years without any encroaching, the -bishop commuted this money to the building of a -steeple and endowing a church at Tenterden. By this -diversion of the collection for the maintenance of the -banks, the sea afterwards broke in upon Goodwin -Sands. And now the old man had told a rational tale, -had he found but the due favour to finish it; and thus, -sometimes, that is causelessly accounted ignorance of -the speaker which is nothing but impatience in the<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_222" id="Page_222">[222]</a></span> -auditors, unwilling to attend to the end of the discourse."</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>A loyal heart may be landed under Traitors' Bridge.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Every one who has passed down the Thames from -London Bridge knows that archway in front of the -Tower, under which boats conveying prisoners of state -used to pass to Traitors' Stairs.</p> - -<div class="poem"><div class="stanza"> -<div class="i0"><b>A knight of Cales, a gentleman of Wales, and a laird of the north countree;</b></div> -<div class="i0"><b>A yeoman of Kent, with his yearly rent, will buy them out all three.</b></div> -</div></div> - -<p>"Cales knights were made in that voyage by Robert, -Earl of Essex, to the number of sixty, whereof (though -many of great birth) some were of low fortunes; and -therefore Queen Elizabeth was half offended with the -earl for making knighthood so common. Of the -numerousness of Welsh gentlemen nothing need be -said, the Welsh generally pretending to gentility. -Northern lairds are such who in Scotland hold lands -in chief of the king, whereof some have no great -revenue. So that a Kentish yeoman (by the help of -a hyperbole) may countervail," &c.—(<i>Fuller.</i>) "A -Spanish don, a German count, a French marquis, an -Italian bishop, a Neapolitan cavalier, a Portuguese -hidalgo, and a Hungarian noble make up a so-so -company" (Italian).<a name="FNanchor_795_795" id="FNanchor_795_795"></a><a href="#Footnote_795_795" class="fnanchor">[795]</a></p> - -<blockquote><p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_223" id="Page_223">[223]</a></span> - -<b>The Italians are wise before the fact, the Germans in the fact, the -French after the fact.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_796_796" id="FNanchor_796_796"></a><a href="#Footnote_796_796" class="fnanchor">[796]</a> -</p> -<p><b>The Italians are known by their singing, the French by their -dancing, the Spaniards by their lording it, and the Germans -by their drinking.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_797_797" id="FNanchor_797_797"></a><a href="#Footnote_797_797" class="fnanchor">[797]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Where Germans are, Italians like not to be.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_798_798" id="FNanchor_798_798"></a><a href="#Footnote_798_798" class="fnanchor">[798]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Italy, heads, holidays, and tempests.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_799_799" id="FNanchor_799_799"></a><a href="#Footnote_799_799" class="fnanchor">[799]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>A gentleman, who visited Dublin in the O'Connell -times, gave it as the result of his experience there that -Ireland was a land of groans, grievances, and invitations -to dinner.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>He that has to do with a Tuscan must not be blind.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_800_800" id="FNanchor_800_800"></a><a href="#Footnote_800_800" class="fnanchor">[800]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>There is a double meaning in the original. The -same Italian word means Tuscan and poison.</p> - -<blockquote><p> -<b>It is better to be in the forest and eat pine cones than to live in a -castle with Spaniards.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_801_801" id="FNanchor_801_801"></a><a href="#Footnote_801_801" class="fnanchor">[801]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>Because the frugal Spanish soldiers could subsist on -diet on which men of other nations would starve. For -<span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_224" id="Page_224">[224]</a></span>them "Bread and radishes were a heavenly dinner" -(Spanish).<a name="FNanchor_802_802" id="FNanchor_802_802"></a><a href="#Footnote_802_802" class="fnanchor">[802]</a></p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Abstract from Spaniard all his good qualities, and there remains -a Portuguese.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i></p> - -<p><b>Every layman in Castile might make a king, every clerk a pope.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>If the overweening pride of the Spaniard appears in -these two proverbs, the candour of the following must -also be acknowledged:—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>Succours of Spain, either late or never.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i><a name="FNanchor_803_803" id="FNanchor_803_803"></a><a href="#Footnote_803_803" class="fnanchor">[803]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Things of Spain.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i><a name="FNanchor_804_804" id="FNanchor_804_804"></a><a href="#Footnote_804_804" class="fnanchor">[804]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That is, abuses, anomalies, and faults of all kinds. -See "Ford's Handbook," <i>passim</i>.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>When the Spaniard sings, either he is mad or he has not a doit.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i><a name="FNanchor_805_805" id="FNanchor_805_805"></a><a href="#Footnote_805_805" class="fnanchor">[805]</a> -</p> -<p><b>A Pole would rather steal a horse on Sunday than eat milk or -butter on Friday.</b>—<i>German.</i><a name="FNanchor_806_806" id="FNanchor_806_806"></a><a href="#Footnote_806_806" class="fnanchor">[806]</a> -</p> -<p><b>Poland is the hell of peasants, the paradise of Jews, the purgatory -of burghers, the heaven of nobles, and the gold mine of -foreigners.</b>—<i>German.</i><a name="FNanchor_807_807" id="FNanchor_807_807"></a><a href="#Footnote_807_807" class="fnanchor">[807]</a> -</p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_225" id="Page_225">[225]</a></span> -<b>A Polish bridge, a Bohemian monk, a Swabian nun, Italian devotion, -and German fasting are worth a bean.</b>—<i>German.</i><a name="FNanchor_808_808" id="FNanchor_808_808"></a><a href="#Footnote_808_808" class="fnanchor">[808]</a> -</p> -<p><b>If the devil came out of hell to fight there would forthwith be a -Frenchman to accept the challenge.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_809_809" id="FNanchor_809_809"></a><a href="#Footnote_809_809" class="fnanchor">[809]</a> -</p> -<p><b>When the Frenchman sleeps the devil rocks him.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_810_810" id="FNanchor_810_810"></a><a href="#Footnote_810_810" class="fnanchor">[810]</a> -</p> -<p><b>The Italians weep, the Germans screech, and the French sing.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_811_811" id="FNanchor_811_811"></a><a href="#Footnote_811_811" class="fnanchor">[811]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This is found word for word in Italian also, though -it seems devised for the special glorification of Frenchmen. -The Portuguese say,—</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The Frenchman sings well when his throat is moistened.</b>—<i>Portuguese.</i><a name="FNanchor_812_812" id="FNanchor_812_812"></a><a href="#Footnote_812_812" class="fnanchor">[812]</a> -</p> -<p><b>The Germans have their wit in their fingers.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_813_813" id="FNanchor_813_813"></a><a href="#Footnote_813_813" class="fnanchor">[813]</a> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>That means they are skilful workmen.</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>The emperor of Germany is the king of kings, the king of Spain king -of men, the king of France king of asses, the king of England -king of devils.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_814_814" id="FNanchor_814_814"></a><a href="#Footnote_814_814" class="fnanchor">[814]</a> -</p> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_226" id="Page_226">[226]</a></span> -<b>It is better to hear the lark sing than the mouse creep.</b> -</p></blockquote> - -<p>This was the proverb of the Douglases, adopted by -every Border chief to express, as Sir Walter Scott -observes, what the great Bruce had pointed out—that -the woods and hills were the safest bulwarks of their -country, instead of the fortified places which the -English surpassed their neighbours in the art of assaulting -or defending. The Servians have a similar -saying: "Better to look from the mountain than from -the dungeon."</p> - -<blockquote> -<p><b>He that has missed seeing Seville has missed seeing a marvel.</b>—<i>Spanish.</i><a name="FNanchor_815_815" id="FNanchor_815_815"></a><a href="#Footnote_815_815" class="fnanchor">[815]</a> -</p> -<p><b>See Naples and die.</b>—<i>Italian.</i><a name="FNanchor_816_816" id="FNanchor_816_816"></a><a href="#Footnote_816_816" class="fnanchor">[816]</a> -</p> -<p><b>There is but one Paris.</b>—<i>French.</i><a name="FNanchor_817_817" id="FNanchor_817_817"></a><a href="#Footnote_817_817" class="fnanchor">[817]</a> -</p> -</blockquote> - -<div class="footnotes"><h3>FOOTNOTES:</h3> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_788_788" id="Footnote_788_788"></a><a href="#FNanchor_788_788"><span class="label">[788]</span></a> L'Inglese italianizzato, un diavolo incarnato.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_789_789" id="Footnote_789_789"></a><a href="#FNanchor_789_789"><span class="label">[789]</span></a> Inghilterra paradiso di donne, purgatorio di borse, e -inferno di cavalli.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_790_790" id="Footnote_790_790"></a><a href="#FNanchor_790_790"><span class="label">[790]</span></a> Con todo el mondo guerra, y paz con Inglaterra.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_791_791" id="Footnote_791_791"></a><a href="#FNanchor_791_791"><span class="label">[791]</span></a> Op een witten Spanjaard en op een zwarten Engelschman -moet men acht geven.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_792_792" id="Footnote_792_792"></a><a href="#FNanchor_792_792"><span class="label">[792]</span></a> Un Normand a son dit et son dédit.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_793_793" id="Footnote_793_793"></a><a href="#FNanchor_793_793"><span class="label">[793]</span></a> Più pazzi di quei da Zago, che seminavano gucchie per -raccogher poi pali di ferro, e davano del letame al campanile -perchè crescesse.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_794_794" id="Footnote_794_794"></a><a href="#FNanchor_794_794"><span class="label">[794]</span></a> Quatre-vingt-dix-neuf moutons et un Champenois font cent -bêtes.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_795_795" id="Footnote_795_795"></a><a href="#FNanchor_795_795"><span class="label">[795]</span></a> Un don di Spagna, conte d'Allemagna, marchese di Francia, -vescovo d'Italia, cavaglier di Napoli, idalgo di Portugullo, nobile -d'Ungheria fanno una tal qual compagnia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_796_796" id="Footnote_796_796"></a><a href="#FNanchor_796_796"><span class="label">[796]</span></a> Gl' Italiani saggi innanzi il fatto, i Tedeschi nel fatto, i -Francesi dopo il fatto.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_797_797" id="Footnote_797_797"></a><a href="#FNanchor_797_797"><span class="label">[797]</span></a> L'Italiano al cantare, i Francesi al ballare, i Spagnuoli al -bravare, i Tedeschi allo sbevacchiare, si conoscono.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_798_798" id="Footnote_798_798"></a><a href="#FNanchor_798_798"><span class="label">[798]</span></a> Dove stanno Tedeschi, mal volontieri stanno Italiani.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_799_799" id="Footnote_799_799"></a><a href="#FNanchor_799_799"><span class="label">[799]</span></a> Italia, teste, feste, e tempeste.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_800_800" id="Footnote_800_800"></a><a href="#FNanchor_800_800"><span class="label">[800]</span></a> Chi ha da far con Tosco, non vuol esser losco.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_801_801" id="Footnote_801_801"></a><a href="#FNanchor_801_801"><span class="label">[801]</span></a> E meglio star al bosco, e mangiar pignuoli, che star in -castello co' Spagnuoli.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_802_802" id="Footnote_802_802"></a><a href="#FNanchor_802_802"><span class="label">[802]</span></a> Pan y ravanillos, comer de Dios.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_803_803" id="Footnote_803_803"></a><a href="#FNanchor_803_803"><span class="label">[803]</span></a> Socorros de España, ó tarde, ó nunca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_804_804" id="Footnote_804_804"></a><a href="#FNanchor_804_804"><span class="label">[804]</span></a> Cosas de España.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_805_805" id="Footnote_805_805"></a><a href="#FNanchor_805_805"><span class="label">[805]</span></a> Quando el Español canta, ó rabia, ó no tiene blanca.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_806_806" id="Footnote_806_806"></a><a href="#FNanchor_806_806"><span class="label">[806]</span></a> Ein Pole würde eher am Sonntag ein Pferd stehlen, als am -Freitag Milch oder Butter essen.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_807_807" id="Footnote_807_807"></a><a href="#FNanchor_807_807"><span class="label">[807]</span></a> Polen ist der Bauern Hölle, der Juden Paradies, der -Bürger Fegefeuer, der Edelleute Himmel, und der Fremden -Goldgrube.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_808_808" id="Footnote_808_808"></a><a href="#FNanchor_808_808"><span class="label">[808]</span></a> Eine Polnische Brücke, ein Böhmischer Mönkh, eine -Schabische Nonne, Welsche Andacht, und der Deutschen -Fasten gelten eine Bohne.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_809_809" id="Footnote_809_809"></a><a href="#FNanchor_809_809"><span class="label">[809]</span></a> Si le diable sortait de l'enfer pour combattre, il se présenterait -aussitôt un Français pour accepter le défi.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_810_810" id="Footnote_810_810"></a><a href="#FNanchor_810_810"><span class="label">[810]</span></a> Quand le Français dort, le diable le berce.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_811_811" id="Footnote_811_811"></a><a href="#FNanchor_811_811"><span class="label">[811]</span></a> Les Italiens pleurent, les Allemands crient, et les Français -chantent.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_812_812" id="Footnote_812_812"></a><a href="#FNanchor_812_812"><span class="label">[812]</span></a> Bein canta o Francez, papo molhado.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_813_813" id="Footnote_813_813"></a><a href="#FNanchor_813_813"><span class="label">[813]</span></a> Les Allemands ont l'esprit au doigts.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_814_814" id="Footnote_814_814"></a><a href="#FNanchor_814_814"><span class="label">[814]</span></a> L'empereur d'Allemagne est le roy des roys, le roy d'Espagne -roy des hommes, le roy de France roy des asnes, et le roy -d'Angleterre roy des diables.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_815_815" id="Footnote_815_815"></a><a href="#FNanchor_815_815"><span class="label">[815]</span></a> Quien no ha vista Sevilla, no ha vista maraviglia.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_816_816" id="Footnote_816_816"></a><a href="#FNanchor_816_816"><span class="label">[816]</span></a> Vedi Napoli e poi mori.</p></div> - -<div class="footnote"> - -<p><a name="Footnote_817_817" id="Footnote_817_817"></a><a href="#FNanchor_817_817"><span class="label">[817]</span></a> Il n'y a qu'un Paris.</p></div></div> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<p><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_227" id="Page_227">[227]</a></span></p> -<h2><a name="INDEX" id="INDEX">INDEX.</a></h2> - -<ul> -<li>Abbot, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_209">209</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a></li> -<li>Aberdeen, <a href="#Page_218">218</a></li> -<li>Absence, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> -<li>Absent, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> -<li>Absents, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li> -<li>Acorn, <a href="#Page_51">51</a></li> -<li>Adder, <a href="#Page_19">19</a></li> -<li>Ado, much, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Adversity, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Advice, <a href="#Page_159">159</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a></li> -<li>Advise, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>Age, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li> -<li>Agreement, <a href="#Page_201">201</a></li> -<li>Alcalde, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Ale, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_175">175</a></li> -<li>All but, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li> -<li>Almost, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li> -<li>Alms, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Altar, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Anchuelos, secret of, <a href="#Page_178">178</a></li> -<li>Another, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></li> -<li>Anvil, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> -<li>Ape, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Apothecary, <a href="#Page_204">204</a></li> -<li>Appearances, <a href="#Page_127">127</a></li> -<li>Apple, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Apples, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>April, <a href="#Page_212">212</a>, <a href="#Page_213">213</a></li> -<li>Arabic, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Archer, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Arm, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li> -<li>Arrow, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> -<li>Ashamed, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> -<li>Ass, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_102">102</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Ass's head, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> -<li>Ass's tail, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> -<li>Attorneys, <a href="#Page_202">202</a></li> -<li>August, <a href="#Page_214">214</a></li> -<li>Aunt's house, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li> -<li>Aver, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Bachelors' wives, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Back, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> -<li>Backward, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></li> -<li>Bacon, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Badger, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li> -<li>Bail, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Bald, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_127">127</a> -</li><li>Bale, <a href="#Page_57">57</a> -</li><li>Bargain, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li> -<li>Barkers, <a href="#Page_171">171</a></li> -<li>Battle, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> -<li>Bean, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Bear, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Beard, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> -<li>Bearskin, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Beauty, <a href="#Page_8">8</a>, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Bee, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_228" id="Page_228">[228]</a></span>Beetle, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Beginning, <a href="#Page_191">191</a>, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> -<li>Begun, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> -<li>Bell, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></li> -<li>Bell the cat, <a href="#Page_174">174</a></li> -<li>Bend, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li> -<li>Best, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a>, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></li> -<li>Bides, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> -<li>Bird, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a> -</li><li>Bite, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a> -</li><li>Bitterness, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></li> -<li>Blackamoor, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Black puddings, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Blood, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> -<li>Blood-letting, <a href="#Page_73">73</a></li> -<li>Blossom, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li> -<li>Boast, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Boaster, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Bog, <a href="#Page_160">160</a></li> -<li>Bohemian, <a href="#Page_225">225</a></li> -<li>Bone, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li> -<li>Boot, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Boots, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li> -<li>Born, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Born to be hanged, <a href="#Page_182">182</a> -</li><li>Borrow, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></li> -<li>Bow, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li> -<li>Brag, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Bray, <a href="#Page_134">134</a></li> -<li>Bread, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Breeches, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> -<li>Bricks, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Bride, <a href="#Page_9">9</a></li> -<li>Broke my leg, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li> -<li>Brothers, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> -<li>Brother's house, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li> -<li>Builds, <a href="#Page_160">160</a></li> -<li>Bull, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Bury, <a href="#Page_203">203</a></li> -<li>Bush, <a href="#Page_47">47</a>, <a href="#Page_155">155</a>, <a href="#Page_175">175</a></li> -<li>Busy, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> -<li>Butter, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Buyer, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>By and by, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Cackling, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Cake, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Cales, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Calf, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> -<li>Candle, <a href="#Page_135">135</a></li> -<li>Candlelight, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Candlemas, <a href="#Page_211">211</a>, <a href="#Page_212">212</a></li> -<li>Cap, <a href="#Page_125">125</a></li> -<li>Capon, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Capples, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li> -<li>Captain, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Carcass, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Care, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>Case altered, <a href="#Page_111">111</a></li> -<li>Castile, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Castles, <a href="#Page_142">142</a>, <a href="#Page_143">143</a></li> -<li>Cat, <a href="#Page_33">33</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>, <a href="#Page_107">107</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a> -</li><li>Cat, a baited, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Caudle, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Chaff, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></li> -<li>Champenese, <a href="#Page_219">219</a></li> -<li>Charity, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> -<li>Charybdis, <a href="#Page_158">158</a></li> -<li>Cheapest, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Cheats, <a href="#Page_149">149</a></li> -<li>Cheese, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></li> -<li>Chester, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> -<li>Chick, <a href="#Page_141">141</a></li> -<li>Chickens, <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Child, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_194">194</a> -</li><li>Children, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a> -</li><li>Choice, <a href="#Page_152">152</a></li> -<li>Choose, <a href="#Page_152">152</a></li> -<li>Christened, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Christian, <a href="#Page_140">140</a></li> -<li>Christmas, <a href="#Page_214">214</a>, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a> -</li><li>Church, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Church of God, <a href="#Page_210">210</a> -</li><li>Churl, <a href="#Page_116">116</a></li> -<li>Clergy, <a href="#Page_208">208</a></li> -<li>Clerk, <a href="#Page_197">197</a>, <a href="#Page_199">199</a>, <a href="#Page_208">208</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a> -</li><li>Clerks, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Cloak, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Clocks, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_229" id="Page_229">[229]</a></span>Clothes, <a href="#Page_99">99</a> -</li><li>Coach, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Coal, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>Coal-sack, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Coat, <a href="#Page_73">73</a>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a></li> -<li>Cobbler's dog, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Cook, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_65">65</a> -</li><li>Collier, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li> -<li>Colt, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li> -<li>Common fame, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> -<li>Company, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> -<li>Comparisons, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Comrade, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> -<li>Conquers, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Contrivance, <a href="#Page_157">157</a></li> -<li>Cook, <a href="#Page_196">196</a></li> -<li>Cook and butler, <a href="#Page_180">180</a> -</li><li>Cornish, <a href="#Page_218">218</a> -</li><li>Cornwall, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_218">218</a> -</li><li>Cossack, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Cost, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Council, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>Counsel, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Counselled, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>Courtesy, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></li> -<li>Covet, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li> -<li>Covetousness, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li> -<li>Cow, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a> -</li><li>Coward, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Crab, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li> -<li>Craft, <a href="#Page_131">131</a> -</li><li>Craftsman, <a href="#Page_97">97</a> -</li><li>Crane, <a href="#Page_145">145</a> -</li><li>Cranes, <a href="#Page_179">179</a> -</li><li>Creaking, <a href="#Page_205">205</a> -</li><li>Creep, <a href="#Page_194">194</a> -</li><li>Cripple, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a> -</li><li>Cripples, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>, <a href="#Page_99">99</a> -</li><li>Crooked carlin, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Crooks, <a href="#Page_30">30</a> -</li><li>Crow, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Crucifixes, <a href="#Page_55">55</a> -</li><li>Cry, great, <a href="#Page_128">128</a> -</li><li>Cry out, <a href="#Page_57">57</a> -</li><li>Cup, <a href="#Page_144">144</a> -</li><li>Cupar, <a href="#Page_93">93</a> -</li><li>Curse, <a href="#Page_172">172</a> -</li><li>Custom, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>-<a href="#Page_98">98</a> -</li><li>Cutty, <a href="#Page_155">155</a> -</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Dainty, <a href="#Page_189">189</a></li> -<li>Dancer, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> -<li>Darkest hour, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Daughter, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Daughters, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li> -<li>Day, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Daylight, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></li> -<li>Dead, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Dead men's, <a href="#Page_146">146</a></li> -<li>Dear, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li> -<li>Debt, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Deil, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Deils, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Delay, <a href="#Page_139">139</a></li> -<li>Devil, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_143">143</a>, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>, <a href="#Page_187">187</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a> -</li><li>Devils, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li> -<li>Die, <a href="#Page_146">146</a></li> -<li>Dirt, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> -<li>Dirty-nosed, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Dishclout, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a> -</li><li>Disease, <a href="#Page_203">203</a> -</li><li>Ditch, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Doctor, <a href="#Page_203">203</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a> -</li><li>Dog, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_150">150</a>, <a href="#Page_157">157</a>, <a href="#Page_162">162</a>, <a href="#Page_171">171</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Dog, mad, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></li> -<li>Dogs, <a href="#Page_99">99</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Doing nothing, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li> -<li>Dollar, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Done, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> -<li>Donkey, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li> -<li>Door, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Down, <a href="#Page_58">58</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Drink, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li> -<li>Driver, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Drought, <a href="#Page_214">214</a></li> -<li>Drown, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></li> -<li>Drowned, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a> -</li><li>Drowning, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Drunken, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_230" id="Page_230">[230]</a></span>Drunkenness, <a href="#Page_181">181</a> -</li><li>Dunghill, <a href="#Page_37">37</a></li> -<li>Dyke, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Dyke side, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Eagles, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Ears, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a></li> -<li>Earth, <a href="#Page_203">203</a></li> -<li>East, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Eaten bread, <a href="#Page_118">118</a></li> - -<li>Egg, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Eggs, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Elbow, <a href="#Page_207">207</a></li> -<li>Emperor, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Empty, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>Ending, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> -<li>Enemy, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>England, <a href="#Page_214">214</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>English, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Englishman, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_215">215</a>-<a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Enough, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>-<a href="#Page_79">79</a></li> -<li>Even song, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Evening, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Everybody, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> -<li>Every man, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> -<li>Every one, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_159">159</a> -</li><li>Everything, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> -<li>Evil, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Ewe, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> -<li>Ewe and lamb, <a href="#Page_45">45</a> -</li><li>Excuse, excuses, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_126">126</a> -</li><li>Experience, <a href="#Page_148">148</a></li> -<li>Extremes, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Eye, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li> -<li>Eye, sore, <a href="#Page_207">207</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Fair and softly, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li> -<li>Fall out, <a href="#Page_180">180</a></li> -<li>Fame, common, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> -<li>Familiarity, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li> -<li>Far awa', <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> -<li>Farther, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></li> -<li>Fashion, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> -<li>Fashious, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li> -<li>Fast bind, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> -<li>Fasting, <a href="#Page_124">124</a></li> -<li>Father, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_187">187</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a> -</li><li>Fault, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a> -</li><li>Faultless, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Faults, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li> -<li>Favour, <a href="#Page_118">118</a></li> -<li>Feast, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>February, <a href="#Page_211">211</a></li> -<li>Februeer, <a href="#Page_211">211</a></li> -<li>Fellowship, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li> -<li>Feyther, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li> -<li>Fiddlers, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li> -<li>Fierce, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Fifteen, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li> -<li>Figs, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> -<li>Filly, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li> -<li>Fine, <a href="#Page_9">9</a> -</li><li>Fingers, <a href="#Page_68">68</a> -</li><li>Fire, <a href="#Page_60">60</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>, <a href="#Page_179">179</a> -</li><li>Fire, catching, <a href="#Page_124">124</a> -</li><li>First blow, <a href="#Page_193">193</a> -</li><li>Fish, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_149">149</a> -</li><li>Fisherman, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Five, <a href="#Page_29">29</a></li> -<li>Flawed pots, <a href="#Page_205">205</a></li> -<li>Flax, <a href="#Page_11">11</a> -</li><li>Fleas, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_80">80</a>, <a href="#Page_99">99</a> -</li><li>Flesh, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li> -<li>Fleyed, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Flies, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li> -<li>Flitches, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Foe, <a href="#Page_43">43</a></li> -<li>Folks, <a href="#Page_164">164</a> -</li><li>Folly, <a href="#Page_34">34</a> -</li><li>Fool, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_94">94</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a>, <a href="#Page_161">161</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a> -</li><li>Fools, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_74">74</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a> -</li><li>Forbid, <a href="#Page_94">94</a> -</li><li>Forbidden fruit, <a href="#Page_93">93</a> -</li><li>Force, <a href="#Page_157">157</a> -</li><li>Forgotten, <a href="#Page_39">39</a> -</li><li>Fortune, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a> -</li><li>Forward, <a href="#Page_153">153</a> -</li><li>Foster, <a href="#Page_41">41</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a> -</li><li>Foul finger, <a href="#Page_121">121</a> -</li><li>Fox, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a> -</li><li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_231" id="Page_231">[231]</a></span>Foxes, <a href="#Page_183">183</a> -</li><li>Framet, <a href="#Page_40">40</a> -</li><li>France, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Free, <a href="#Page_115">115</a> -</li><li>Freere's, <a href="#Page_209">209</a> -</li><li>French, <a href="#Page_222">222</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Frenchman, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Friar, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_209">209</a> -</li><li>Friars, <a href="#Page_209">209</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a> -</li><li>Friar's conscience, <a href="#Page_65">65</a> -</li><li>Friday, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a> -</li><li>Friend, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a> -</li><li>Friends, <a href="#Page_39">39</a>, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>-<a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a> -</li><li>Friendship, <a href="#Page_40">40</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a>, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_45">45</a> -</li><li>Frog, <a href="#Page_34">34</a> -</li><li>Fruit, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_161">161</a> -</li><li>Fruit, forbidden, <a href="#Page_93">93</a> -</li><li>Fruit, late, <a href="#Page_30">30</a> -</li><li>Fryingpan, <a href="#Page_161">161</a> -</li><li>Fules, <a href="#Page_197">197</a> -</li><li>Full-fed, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Furriers, <a href="#Page_183">183</a> -</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Gain, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> -<li>Galled horse, <a href="#Page_124">124</a> -</li><li>Gallows, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a> -</li><li>Gambrel, <a href="#Page_30">30</a> -</li><li>Gander, <a href="#Page_1">1</a> -</li><li>Gear, <a href="#Page_75">75</a> -</li><li>Gear to tine, <a href="#Page_186">186</a> -</li><li>Gentle, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a> -</li><li>Gentleness, <a href="#Page_81">81</a> -</li><li>German, <a href="#Page_222">222</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Germany, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Gibbet, <a href="#Page_116">116</a> -</li><li>Giblets, <a href="#Page_115">115</a> -</li><li>Giff-gaff, <a href="#Page_50">50</a> -</li><li>Gifts, <a href="#Page_90">90</a> -</li><li>Gileynoar, <a href="#Page_79">79</a> -</li><li>Giving, <a href="#Page_113">113</a> -</li><li>Glass houses, <a href="#Page_119">119</a> -</li><li>Glitters, <a href="#Page_128">128</a> -</li><li>Glowworm, <a href="#Page_128">128</a> -</li><li>Glutton, <a href="#Page_81">81</a> -</li><li>Goat, <a href="#Page_10">10</a> -</li><li>God, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_130">130</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_187">187</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a>, <a href="#Page_204">204</a> -</li><li>God help, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Godfathers, <a href="#Page_114">114</a> -</li><li>God's sake, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a> -</li><li>Gold, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a> -</li><li>Good name, <a href="#Page_164">164</a> -</li><li>Good-will, <a href="#Page_90">90</a> -</li><li>Goodwin Sands, <a href="#Page_220">220</a> -</li><li>Goose, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a> -</li><li>Gospel, <a href="#Page_157">157</a> -</li><li>Gotham, <a href="#Page_219">219</a> -</li><li>Grace of God, <a href="#Page_79">79</a> -</li><li>Grapes, <a href="#Page_94">94</a> -</li><li>Grass, <a href="#Page_211">211</a> -</li><li>Greedy, <a href="#Page_78">78</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a> -</li><li>Grey mare, <a href="#Page_23">23</a> -</li> -<li>Grindstone, <a href="#Page_218">218</a> -</li> -<li>Gudewife, <a href="#Page_76">76</a> -</li> -<li>Gudewilly, <a href="#Page_115">115</a> -</li> -<li>Guest, <a href="#Page_41">41</a> -</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Habit, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></li> -<li>Hackerton's cow, <a href="#Page_112">112</a> -</li><li>Hair, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a> -</li><li>Half, <a href="#Page_155">155</a>, <a href="#Page_201">201</a> -</li><li>Halt, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Hameliness, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li> -<li>Hand, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Hand, in, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Handsaw, <a href="#Page_157">157</a></li> -<li>Handsome, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Hang, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>-<a href="#Page_185">185</a> -</li><li>Hanged, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a> -</li><li>Hanging, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_127">127</a> -</li><li>Hangit, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li> -<li>Hangs, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> -<li>Hanselled, <a href="#Page_185">185</a></li> -<li>Hap, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li> -<li>Happy, <a href="#Page_53">53</a>, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> -<li>Hardest step, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> -<li>Hare, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a></li> -<li>Hares, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Harried, <a href="#Page_53">53</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_232" id="Page_232">[232]</a></span>Harvest, <a href="#Page_214">214</a> -</li><li>Haste, <a href="#Page_80">80</a></li> -<li>Hatter, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Hawk, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> -<li>Hay, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></li> -<li>Head, sound, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Hearsay, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> -<li>Heart, <a href="#Page_110">110</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></li> -<li>Heaven, <a href="#Page_136">136</a></li> -<li>Heaven, goes to, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> -<li>Hell, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a>, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a> -</li><li>Helmet, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Help, <a href="#Page_46">46</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_160">160</a> -</li><li>Helps, <a href="#Page_147">147</a></li> -<li>Helped, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>Hen, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> -<li>Hens, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Hen's egg, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Herring, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a></li> -<li>Hobby, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li> -<li>Hog, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Home, <a href="#Page_36">36</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a></li> -<li>Homely, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li> -<li>Honest man, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>, <a href="#Page_167">167</a> -</li><li>Honesty, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></li> -<li>Honey, <a href="#Page_35">35</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_196">196</a>, <a href="#Page_214">214</a> -</li><li>Hood, <a href="#Page_133">133</a></li> -<li>Hooly and fairly, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li> -<li>Hope, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a> -</li><li>Hopers, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></li> -<li>Horn, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_133">133</a> -</li><li>Horse, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a> -</li><li>Horse corn, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Horses, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Horse, a good, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Horseman, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Host, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_141">141</a></li> -<li>Hostess, <a href="#Page_9">9</a></li> -<li>Hound, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> -<li>Hounds, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a>, <a href="#Page_134">134</a>, <a href="#Page_150">150</a> -</li><li>House, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_175">175</a> -</li><li>Hungarian, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Hunger, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a>, <a href="#Page_209">209</a> -</li><li>Hungry, <a href="#Page_81">81</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a>, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Hunters, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Hurt, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Husbands, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Ibycus, <a href="#Page_179">179</a></li> -<li>Idle, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> -<li>Ill, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Ill name, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> -<li>Ill said, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li> -<li>Ill-will, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> -<li>Ill wind, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li> -<li>Intentions, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_91">91</a></li> -<li>Irishman, <a href="#Page_216">216</a></li> -<li>Iron, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></li> -<li>Italian, <a href="#Page_222">222</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a></li> -<li>Italianised Englishman, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Italy, <a href="#Page_223">223</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Jack, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li> -<li>Janiveer, <a href="#Page_211">211</a></li> -<li>January, <a href="#Page_211">211</a></li> -<li>Jealousy, <a href="#Page_12">12</a></li> -<li>Jedwood, <a href="#Page_185">185</a></li> -<li>Jews, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Joan, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Jock Thief, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> -<li>John Jelly, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li> -<li>Joyous heart, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> -<li>Judgment, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>July, <a href="#Page_213">213</a></li> -<li>June, <a href="#Page_213">213</a></li> -<li>Justice, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> -<li>Justice, Peralvillo, <a href="#Page_184">184</a></li> -<li>Justice, the, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Kail, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> -<li>Kent, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Kettle, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Key, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li> -<li>Keys, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> -<li>Kick, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Kiln, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Kind, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> -<li>Kindness, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_42">42</a></li> -<li>King, <a href="#Page_38">38</a>, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>King's, <a href="#Page_199">199</a></li> -<li>King's horses, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li> -<li>Kiss, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_233" id="Page_233">[233]</a></span>Kissing, <a href="#Page_46">46</a></li> -<li>Kitchen, <a href="#Page_74">74</a></li> -<li>Knave, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> -<li>Knock down, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Labours, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li> -<li>Lack, <a href="#Page_78">78</a> -</li><li>Ladder, <a href="#Page_48">48</a> -</li><li>Lady, <a href="#Page_49">49</a> -</li><li>Laird, <a href="#Page_136">136</a>, <a href="#Page_222">222</a> -</li><li>Lamb, <a href="#Page_84">84</a> -</li><li>Landlady, <a href="#Page_9">9</a> -</li><li>Lark, <a href="#Page_226">226</a> -</li><li>Lass, <a href="#Page_152">152</a> -</li><li>Lasses, <a href="#Page_11">11</a> -</li><li>Late fruit, <a href="#Page_30">30</a> -</li><li>Lathered, <a href="#Page_191">191</a> -</li><li>Latin, <a href="#Page_151">151</a> -</li><li>Law, <a href="#Page_145">145</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a>, <a href="#Page_201">201</a> -</li><li>Law breakers, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Law makers, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Laws, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Lawsuit, <a href="#Page_201">201</a> -</li><li>Lawyer, <a href="#Page_201">201</a>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a> -</li><li>Lawyers, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_201">201</a>, <a href="#Page_202">202</a> -</li><li>Layman, <a href="#Page_224">224</a> -</li><li>Leak, <a href="#Page_75">75</a> -</li><li>Leap, <a href="#Page_61">61</a> -</li><li>Leg, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_73">73</a> -</li><li>Lend, <a href="#Page_114">114</a> -</li><li>Leveret, <a href="#Page_145">145</a> -</li><li>Liar, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a> -</li><li>Liars, <a href="#Page_165">165</a> -</li><li>Lidford, <a href="#Page_184">184</a> -</li><li>Lie, lies, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>, <a href="#Page_165">165</a> -</li><li>Lifeless, <a href="#Page_122">122</a> -</li><li>Likely, <a href="#Page_128">128</a> -</li><li>Lion, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_83">83</a> -</li><li>Lion's den, <a href="#Page_96">96</a> -</li><li>Little, <a href="#Page_28">28</a> -</li><li>Little sticks, <a href="#Page_79">79</a> -</li><li>Live, <a href="#Page_150">150</a> -</li><li>Live-long, <a href="#Page_80">80</a> -</li><li>London, <a href="#Page_217">217</a> -</li><li>Longears, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Loose, <a href="#Page_65">65</a> -</li><li>Lorris, <a href="#Page_58">58</a> -</li><li>Losing, <a href="#Page_55">55</a> -</li><li>Love, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>-<a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Loyal, <a href="#Page_222">222</a> -</li><li>Luck, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>-<a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a> -</li><li>Lucky, <a href="#Page_53">53</a> -</li><li>Luther's shoes, <a href="#Page_102">102</a> -</li><li>Lying, <a href="#Page_86">86</a> -</li> -<li class="ifrst">Mad, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li> -<li>Mad dog, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></li> -<li>Maggots, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li> -<li>Maid, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li> -<li>Maiden, <a href="#Page_185">185</a></li> -<li>Maids' children, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Malmsey, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> -<li>Many, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li> -<li>Many ways, <a href="#Page_156">156</a> -</li><li>March, <a href="#Page_212">212</a>, <a href="#Page_213">213</a> -</li><li>Mare, <a href="#Page_27">27</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a> -</li><li>Marriage, <a href="#Page_18">18</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a> -</li><li>Married, <a href="#Page_114">114</a> -</li><li>Marries, <a href="#Page_16">16</a> -</li><li>Marry, <a href="#Page_15">15</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_21">21</a>, <a href="#Page_23">23</a>, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_28">28</a> -</li><li>Martin, <a href="#Page_87">87</a>, <a href="#Page_88">88</a> -</li><li>Mass, <a href="#Page_139">139</a> -</li><li>Master, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_50">50</a>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a> -</li><li>May, <a href="#Page_212">212</a>, <a href="#Page_213">213</a> -</li><li>Measure, <a href="#Page_62">62</a> -</li><li>Mice, <a href="#Page_33">33</a> -</li><li>Midden, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_37">37</a> -</li><li>Mill, <a href="#Page_83">83</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a> -</li><li>Miller, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>Mind, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> -<li>Minster, <a href="#Page_139">139</a></li> -<li>Mire, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Mischief, <a href="#Page_64">64</a>, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a> -</li><li>Miser, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Miser's money, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Misfortune, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li> -<li>Miss, <a href="#Page_87">87</a></li> -<li>Mither, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>, <a href="#Page_27">27</a></li> -<li>Mixon, <a href="#Page_16">16</a></li> -<li>Money, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_184">184</a>, <a href="#Page_186">186</a></li> -<li>Monk, <a href="#Page_132">132</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a></li> -<li>Monks, <a href="#Page_209">209</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_234" id="Page_234">[234]</a></span>Montgomery, <a href="#Page_47">47</a> -</li><li>Moor, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a></li> -<li>Morning, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Moses, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Mother, <a href="#Page_26">26</a>-<a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a> -</li><li>Mother-in-law, <a href="#Page_25">25</a></li> -<li>Mother of God, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li> -<li>Mother's milk, <a href="#Page_32">32</a></li> -<li>Moulter, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>Mountain, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_226">226</a></li> -<li>Mouse, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_85">85</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_226">226</a> -</li><li>Mousetrap, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Much, <a href="#Page_78">78</a></li> -<li>Much ado, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Mulberry, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Murder, <a href="#Page_178">178</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Naebody, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li> -<li>Naethin, <a href="#Page_71">71</a></li> -<li>Nag, <a href="#Page_34">34</a></li> -<li>Nail, <a href="#Page_154">154</a>, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Naked, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> -<li>Naples, <a href="#Page_226">226</a></li> -<li>Neck, <a href="#Page_55">55</a>, <a href="#Page_85">85</a></li> -<li>Need, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Neighbours, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li> -<li>Nest, <a href="#Page_36">36</a></li> -<li>Newcastle, <a href="#Page_218">218</a></li> -<li>News, <a href="#Page_109">109</a></li> -<li>Night, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Nile, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Nobody, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> -<li>Nose, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_109">109</a>, <a href="#Page_124">124</a>, <a href="#Page_125">125</a> -</li><li>Nothing to do, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> -<li>November, <a href="#Page_214">214</a></li> -<li>Nuns, <a href="#Page_209">209</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Offence, <a href="#Page_126">126</a></li> -<li>Office, <a href="#Page_195">195</a>, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Offices, <a href="#Page_196">196</a></li> -<li>Old, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Old sores, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Olive, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>One-eyed, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Opens, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Opinions, <a href="#Page_160">160</a></li> -<li>Orchard, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Oven, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Ower hot, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li> -<li>Ower mony, <a href="#Page_82">82</a></li> -<li>Ox, <a href="#Page_37">37</a>, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Pacha, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Pains, <a href="#Page_71">71</a>, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> -<li>Pan, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Paradise, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Paris, <a href="#Page_226">226</a></li> -<li>Path, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Patience, <a href="#Page_66">66</a>, <a href="#Page_68">68</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a> -</li><li>Pence, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Penny, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_84">84</a> -</li><li>Peralvillo, <a href="#Page_184">184</a></li> -<li>Perforce, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li> -<li>Perhaps, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Perseverance, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Peter, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Petticoat, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> -<li>Pettitoes, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Physician, <a href="#Page_121">121</a>, <a href="#Page_208">208</a> -</li><li>Pie, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Pig, <a href="#Page_51">51</a>, <a href="#Page_61">61</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a>, <a href="#Page_128">128</a> -</li><li>Pilot, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Pinches, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></li> -<li>Pipers, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li> -<li>Pitchers, <a href="#Page_28">28</a></li> -<li>Place, <a href="#Page_195">195</a></li> -<li>Plain dealing, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></li> -<li>Play, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_33">33</a></li> -<li>Pleasure, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> -<li>Plenty, <a href="#Page_189">189</a></li> -<li>Poke, <a href="#Page_61">61</a></li> -<li>Poker, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Poland, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Pole, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Polichinelle, secret of, <a href="#Page_178">178</a></li> -<li>Polish, <a href="#Page_225">225</a></li> -<li>Poor, <a href="#Page_114">114</a></li> -<li>Poor man, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> -<li>Pope, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Portuguese, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_222">222</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a> -</li><li>Possession, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_235" id="Page_235">[235]</a></span>Pot, <a href="#Page_45">45</a>, <a href="#Page_108">108</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a> -</li><li>Pots, <a href="#Page_205">205</a></li> -<li>Pottage, <a href="#Page_14">14</a></li> -<li>Potter, <a href="#Page_108">108</a></li> -<li>Poultry, <a href="#Page_209">209</a></li> -<li>Poverty, <a href="#Page_14">14</a>, <a href="#Page_189">189</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Praise, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Pretty girl, <a href="#Page_11">11</a></li> -<li>Priest, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_123">123</a>, <a href="#Page_199">199</a>, <a href="#Page_209">209</a> -</li><li>Priests, <a href="#Page_208">208</a></li> -<li>Pudding, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Puddle, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Purgatory, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Puir man, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Purse, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Quaker, <a href="#Page_162">162</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Rain, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Rains, <a href="#Page_56">56</a></li> -<li>Raven, <a href="#Page_117">117</a>, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Raven, belongs to the, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></li> -<li>Reason, <a href="#Page_156">156</a></li> -<li>Receiver, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> -<li>Reckons, <a href="#Page_140">140</a></li> -<li>Refer, <a href="#Page_202">202</a></li> -<li>Reward, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Rich, <a href="#Page_114">114</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a></li> -<li>Rich man, <a href="#Page_44">44</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a></li> -<li>Rich year, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Ride, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> -<li>Ridiculous, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Right, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Rings, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> -<li>Riven Dish, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> -<li>River, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_153">153</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a> -</li><li>Robin Hood, <a href="#Page_102">102</a></li> -<li>Rogue, <a href="#Page_52">52</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a></li> -<li>Rogues, <a href="#Page_149">149</a>, <a href="#Page_180">180</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a>, <a href="#Page_200">200</a> -</li><li>Rolling stone, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Rome, <a href="#Page_98">98</a>, <a href="#Page_135">135</a>, <a href="#Page_140">140</a> -</li><li>Rope, <a href="#Page_125">125</a>, <a href="#Page_127">127</a></li> -<li>Rose, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Sack, <a href="#Page_48">48</a></li> -<li>Saddle, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Sail, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Saint, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></li> -<li>Saints, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Salmon, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Salt-box, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li> -<li>Satan, <a href="#Page_133">133</a></li> -<li>Saying, <a href="#Page_174">174</a></li> -<li>Scolding wife, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li> -<li>Scotsman, <a href="#Page_216">216</a></li> -<li>Scotsmen, <a href="#Page_216">216</a></li> -<li>Scottish, <a href="#Page_218">218</a></li> -<li>Scratch, <a href="#Page_125">125</a></li> -<li>Scylla, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></li> -<li>Sea, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Second thoughts, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Secret, <a href="#Page_177">177</a>-<a href="#Page_180">180</a></li> -<li>Self, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>Self-praise, <a href="#Page_175">175</a></li> -<li>September, <a href="#Page_214">214</a></li> -<li>Serpent, <a href="#Page_148">148</a></li> -<li>Serves, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Seville, <a href="#Page_226">226</a></li> -<li>Shabby, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Shaft or bolt, <a href="#Page_155">155</a></li> -<li>Shave, <a href="#Page_157">157</a></li> -<li>Shaved, <a href="#Page_191">191</a></li> -<li>Sheep, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_84">84</a>, <a href="#Page_105">105</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>, <a href="#Page_190">190</a> -</li><li>Sheriff, <a href="#Page_153">153</a></li> -<li>Shift, <a href="#Page_155">155</a></li> -<li>Shins, <a href="#Page_186">186</a></li> -<li>Ship, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_151">151</a></li> -<li>Shirt, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> -<li>Shoe, <a href="#Page_110">110</a></li> -<li>Shoemaker's wife, <a href="#Page_140">140</a></li> -<li>Shoes, <a href="#Page_84">84</a></li> -<li>Shoots, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Shot, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Shoulders, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> -<li>Shovel, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Shrew, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Shuts, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Sicker, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> -<li>Sickness, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Sight, <a href="#Page_39">39</a></li> -<li>Silence, <a href="#Page_168">168</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a> -</li><li>Silent, <a href="#Page_169">169</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_236" id="Page_236">[236]</a></span>Silk purse, <a href="#Page_34">34</a> -</li><li>Sing, <a href="#Page_94">94</a></li> -<li>Singed cat, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Sink a ship, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li> -<li>Skull, <a href="#Page_120">120</a></li> -<li>Skunk, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>Slander, <a href="#Page_161">161</a></li> -<li>Sleep, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Slight, <a href="#Page_155">155</a></li> -<li>Slip, <a href="#Page_144">144</a></li> -<li>Sloth, <a href="#Page_72">72</a></li> -<li>Smoky chimney, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li> -<li>Smith, <a href="#Page_97">97</a></li> -<li>Smock, <a href="#Page_112">112</a></li> -<li>Smoke, <a href="#Page_161">161</a></li> -<li>Smokes, <a href="#Page_163">163</a></li> -<li>Snake, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> -<li>Snow, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Soberness, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> -<li>Soft fire, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li> -<li>Softly, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li> -<li>Soldier, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Soldiers, <a href="#Page_132">132</a></li> -<li>Son, <a href="#Page_28">28</a>, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> -<li>Sons-in-law, <a href="#Page_114">114</a> -</li><li>Soon, <a href="#Page_30">30</a>, <a href="#Page_82">82</a> -</li><li>Sore eye, <a href="#Page_207">207</a></li> -<li>Sore-eyed, <a href="#Page_121">121</a></li> -<li>Sores, old, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Sorrow, <a href="#Page_55">55</a></li> -<li>Sour, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>Sow, <a href="#Page_34">34</a>, <a href="#Page_49">49</a>, <a href="#Page_189">189</a> -</li><li>Spain, <a href="#Page_224">224</a>, <a href="#Page_225">225</a> -</li><li>Spaniard, <a href="#Page_217">217</a>, <a href="#Page_223">223</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Spanish, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Speech, <a href="#Page_168">168</a></li> -<li>Spoil, <a href="#Page_98">98</a></li> -<li>Spoil a horn, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Spoleto, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Spoon, <a href="#Page_86">86</a></li> -<li>Spots, <a href="#Page_121">121</a>, <a href="#Page_122">122</a></li> -<li>Sprat, <a href="#Page_113">113</a></li> -<li>Spune, <a href="#Page_62">62</a>, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> -<li>Squints, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Stable door, <a href="#Page_63">63</a></li> -<li>Steal, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Steal a horse, <a href="#Page_164">164</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a>, <a href="#Page_224">224</a> -</li><li>Stealing, <a href="#Page_133">133</a>, <a href="#Page_194">194</a></li> -<li>Stop, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> -<li>Sticking, <a href="#Page_156">156</a></li> -<li>Sting, <a href="#Page_117">117</a></li> -<li>Stinking fish, <a href="#Page_108">108</a></li> -<li>Stockfish, <a href="#Page_18">18</a></li> -<li>Stolen, <a href="#Page_63">63</a>, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> -<li>Store, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Storm, <a href="#Page_67">67</a></li> -<li>Stout, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> -<li>Stout heart, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Stretch your arm, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li> -<li>Strike, <a href="#Page_138">138</a></li> -<li>Stuarts, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Stupidity, <a href="#Page_52">52</a></li> -<li>Sublime, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Summer, <a href="#Page_214">214</a></li> -<li>Summers, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Sunday, <a href="#Page_224">224</a></li> -<li>Supper, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> -<li>Supperless, <a href="#Page_196">196</a></li> -<li>Surety, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Swabian, <a href="#Page_225">225</a></li> -<li>Sweet malt, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li> -<li>Swimmer, <a href="#Page_123">123</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Take-it-easy, <a href="#Page_80">80</a></li> -<li>Tarry breeks, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li> -<li>Teeth, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Tenterden steeple, <a href="#Page_220">220</a></li> -<li>Tether, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Thanks, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li>Thief, <a href="#Page_48">48</a>, <a href="#Page_116">116</a>, <a href="#Page_183">183</a>, <a href="#Page_194">194</a> -</li><li>Thieves, <a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_184">184</a></li> -<li>Think, <a href="#Page_168">168</a></li> -<li>Tholes, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Thorn, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li> -<li>Thorns, <a href="#Page_101">101</a></li> -<li>Threatened, <a href="#Page_171">171</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a></li> -<li>Threats, <a href="#Page_173">173</a></li> -<li>Three, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> -<li>Threshold, <a href="#Page_193">193</a></li> -<li>Thriftless, <a href="#Page_76">76</a></li> -<li>Thunder, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Ties, <a href="#Page_65">65</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_237" id="Page_237">[237]</a></span>Tiles, <a href="#Page_119">119</a> -</li><li>Time, <a href="#Page_67">67</a>, <a href="#Page_69">69</a>, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a> -</li><li>Tippler, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Tired, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Tod, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>To-day, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Tod's hide, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></li> -<li>Tom Noddy's, <a href="#Page_178">178</a></li> -<li>Tongue, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a>, <a href="#Page_170">170</a>, <a href="#Page_173">173</a> -</li><li>To-morrow, <a href="#Page_138">138</a>, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Too dear, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li> -<li>Too many, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Too much, <a href="#Page_77">77</a>, <a href="#Page_79">79</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a></li> -<li>Tossed, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Toughest, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Traitors' bridge, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Transplanted, <a href="#Page_69">69</a></li> -<li>Tree, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> -<li>Treve, <a href="#Page_106">106</a></li> -<li>Trust, <a href="#Page_65">65</a>, <a href="#Page_107">107</a></li> -<li>Truth, <a href="#Page_166">166</a></li> -<li>Tub, <a href="#Page_105">105</a></li> -<li>Tumble, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Turn, <a href="#Page_50">50</a></li> -<li>Turn one's back, <a href="#Page_187">187</a></li> -<li>Tuscan, <a href="#Page_223">223</a></li> -<li>Twig, <a href="#Page_30">30</a></li> -<li>Two, <a href="#Page_49">49</a></li> -<li>Two anchors, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Two faces, <a href="#Page_133">133</a></li> -<li>Two heads, <a href="#Page_159">159</a></li> -<li>Two parishes, <a href="#Page_133">133</a></li> -<li>Two strings, <a href="#Page_154">154</a></li> -<li>Two to one, <a href="#Page_49">49</a> -</li> -<li class="ifrst">Ugly, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_10">10</a></li> -<li>Unhappy, <a href="#Page_54">54</a>, <a href="#Page_146">146</a></li> -<li>Unknown, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li> -<li>Unlikely, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Unlucky, <a href="#Page_183">183</a></li> -<li>Unmannerly, <a href="#Page_40">40</a></li> -<li>Unwilling, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li> -<li>Use, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_96">96</a>, <a href="#Page_97">97</a> -</li> -<li class="ifrst">Venom, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Vicar of Bray, <a href="#Page_134">134</a></li> -<li>Vicars, <a href="#Page_130">130</a></li> -<li>Vine, <a href="#Page_144">144</a></li> -<li>Vinegar, <a href="#Page_81">81</a></li> -<li>Virtue, <a href="#Page_202">202</a></li> -<li>Voluntary, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Wales, <a href="#Page_222">222</a></li> -<li>Wall, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Walls, <a href="#Page_180">180</a></li> -<li>Want, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Wants, <a href="#Page_189">189</a></li> -<li>War, <a href="#Page_151">151</a>, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Wasp, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Waste, <a href="#Page_75">75</a></li> -<li>Water, <a href="#Page_59">59</a>, <a href="#Page_93">93</a>, <a href="#Page_100">100</a>, <a href="#Page_104">104</a>, <a href="#Page_129">129</a>, <a href="#Page_131">131</a>, <a href="#Page_144">144</a>, <a href="#Page_147">147</a>, <a href="#Page_182">182</a>, <a href="#Page_188">188</a> -</li><li>Waters, <a href="#Page_129">129</a></li> -<li>Way, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> -<li>Weakest, <a href="#Page_59">59</a></li> -<li>Wed, <a href="#Page_16">16</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a> -</li><li>Wedding, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li> -<li>Wee fire, <a href="#Page_79">79</a></li> -<li>Welcome, <a href="#Page_41">41</a></li> -<li>Well, a, <a href="#Page_64">64</a></li> -<li>Wells, <a href="#Page_100">100</a></li> -<li>Welsh, <a href="#Page_216">216</a></li> -<li>Welshman, <a href="#Page_216">216</a></li> -<li>West, <a href="#Page_83">83</a></li> -<li>Wheelbarrow, <a href="#Page_103">103</a></li> -<li>Whistle, <a href="#Page_95">95</a></li> -<li>White flour, <a href="#Page_35">35</a></li> -<li>Widow 18, <a href="#Page_24">24</a></li> -<li>Wife, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>-<a href="#Page_20">20</a>, <a href="#Page_22">22</a>-<a href="#Page_24">24</a>, <a href="#Page_152">152</a> -</li><li>Wife's, <a href="#Page_3">3</a>, <a href="#Page_7">7</a></li> -<li>Wight man, <a href="#Page_89">89</a></li> -<li>Wilful, <a href="#Page_93">93</a></li> -<li>Will, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a>, <a href="#Page_139">139</a></li> -<li>Willing, <a href="#Page_89">89</a>, <a href="#Page_115">115</a></li> -<li>Willing horse, <a href="#Page_70">70</a></li> -<li>Wind, <a href="#Page_56">56</a>, <a href="#Page_86">86</a>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Winding-sheets, <a href="#Page_54">54</a></li> -<li>Wine, <a href="#Page_43">43</a>, <a href="#Page_175">175</a>, <a href="#Page_176">176</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a>, <a href="#Page_214">214</a> -</li> -<li>Winters, <a href="#Page_215">215</a></li> -<li>Wise men, <a href="#Page_197">197</a></li> -<li><span class="pagenum"><a name="Page_238" id="Page_238">[238]</a></span>Wist, <a href="#Page_62">62</a></li> -<li>Wit, <a href="#Page_75">75</a>, <a href="#Page_148">148</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a></li> -<li>Wives, <a href="#Page_22">22</a></li> -<li>Wolf, <a href="#Page_32">32</a>, <a href="#Page_70">70</a>, <a href="#Page_163">163</a>, <a href="#Page_169">169</a> -</li> -<li>Wolves, <a href="#Page_99">99</a></li> -<li>Woman, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>, <a href="#Page_2">2</a>, <a href="#Page_4">4</a>, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_9">9</a>, <a href="#Page_11">11</a>, <a href="#Page_210">210</a> -</li> -<li>Women, <a href="#Page_1">1</a>-<a href="#Page_4">4</a>, <a href="#Page_6">6</a>, <a href="#Page_7">7</a>, <a href="#Page_10">10</a>, <a href="#Page_208">208</a> -</li> -<li>Woo, <a href="#Page_17">17</a>, <a href="#Page_20">20</a></li> -<li>Wood, <a href="#Page_142">142</a></li> -<li>Woodie, <a href="#Page_182">182</a></li> -<li>Wooing, <a href="#Page_21">21</a></li> -<li>Wool, <a href="#Page_128">128</a></li> -<li>Words, <a href="#Page_168">168</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a> -</li> -<li>Work, <a href="#Page_82">82</a>, <a href="#Page_90">90</a></li> -<li>World, <a href="#Page_58">58</a></li> -<li>Worst, <a href="#Page_57">57</a>, <a href="#Page_172">172</a>, <a href="#Page_174">174</a>, <a href="#Page_181">181</a> -</li> -<li>Wren, <a href="#Page_145">145</a></li> -<li>Write, <a href="#Page_169">169</a></li> -<li>Wrong, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> -<li>Wytes, <a href="#Page_123">123</a> -</li> - -<li class="ifrst">Yew bow, <a href="#Page_68">68</a></li> -<li>Yorkshire, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Yorkshireman, <a href="#Page_217">217</a></li> -<li>Young, <a href="#Page_206">206</a></li> -<li>Youth, <a href="#Page_29">29</a>, <a href="#Page_31">31</a></li> -<li>Yowl, <a href="#Page_57">57</a></li> - -<li class="ifrst">Zago, <a href="#Page_219">219</a></li> -</ul> - -<p class="center p4"><small>THE END.</small></p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center p4">Winchester: Printed by Hugh Barclay.</p> -<hr class="chap" /> -<p class="center"><b><big>NEW BOOKS</big></b></p> - -<p class="center"><small>PUBLISHED BY</small><br /> - -W. KENT & CO. (LATE D. BOGUE), 86, FLEET STREET,<br /> -<small>AND PATERNOSTER ROW</small>.</p> -<hr class="full" /> -<p class="center"><b>Foolscap cloth, 2s. 6d.,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><small><b>THE</b></small><br /> -<big><b>WIT AND OPINIONS OF DOUGLAS JERROLD</b></big> - </p> - -<p class="noin">Edited by his SON. A collection of the bright thoughts, -pungent sarcasms, and words of wisdom uttered by this celebrated -man.</p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>Illuminated boards, 1s. 6d.,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><small><b>SECOND SERIES,</b></small><br /> -<big><b>RECOLLECTIONS OF A DETECTIVE -POLICE OFFICER.</b></big></p> - -<p class="noin">By "WATERS." Being a collection of incidents of the same -thrilling interest as those contained in the First Series.</p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>In crown 8vo., price 12s. cloth, with a portrait on steel,</b></p> - -<p class="center"> -<b><small>THE</small></b><br /> -<b><big>LIFE AND REMAINS OF DOUGLAS JERROLD.</big></b> -</p> - -<p class="noin">By his Son, BLANCHARD JERROLD. Containing also a -quantity of interesting Correspondence with some of the principal -Literary Men of the day.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"Here we have Jerrold at home; and a more beautiful and winning -portrait of a man of letters does not, we think, exist."—<i>Athenæum.</i></p></blockquote> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>In fscp. 8vo., fifth edition, greatly enlarged, 12s. 6d. cloth,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><big><b>MEN OF THE TIME.</b></big></p> - -<p class="noin">A Series of Succinct Biographies of the most Eminent Living -Notables—Authors, Architects, Artists, Composers, Capitalists, -Dramatists, Divines, Discoverers, Engineers, Journalists, Men -of Science, Ministers, Monarchs, Novelists, Painters, Poets, -Politicians, Savans, Sculptors, Statesmen, Travellers, Voyagers, -Warriors, &c. With Biographies of celebrated Women.</p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>8vo., 7s. cloth,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><big><b>OLD FACES IN NEW MASKS.</b></big></p> - -<p class="noin">A Series of Literary, Scientific, and Humorous Essays. By -R. BLAKEY, Ph. D., Author of the "History of the Philosophy -of Mind." With an Illustration by <span class="smcap">G. Cruikshank</span>.</p> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>Price 5s. cloth,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><big><b>TRADITIONS OF LONDON.</b></big></p> - -<p class="center">By WATERS, the Detective Police Officer. 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With Illustrations.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"The fondness for literary gossip is one of the most marked characteristics -of our times, and to those who would indulge in it we can hardly recommend -a pleasanter companion then Mr. Grinsted."—<i>Morning Herald.</i></p></blockquote> -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>In fcap. 8vo., price 5s. cloth,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><big><b>THE BOY'S BOOK OF MODERN TRAVEL AND -ADVENTURE.</b></big></p> - -<p class="noin">By MEREDITH JOHNES, Author of "The Children's Bible -Picture-Book," &c. With Eight Illustrations by <span class="smcap">William -Harvey</span>.</p> - -<blockquote> - -<p>"The charm of this book is its freshness and variety. The sketches are -short, well written, and excellent in tone and spirit."—<i>Daily News.</i></p></blockquote> - -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center"><b>In square 16mo., handsomely bound, 8s. 6d.,</b></p> - -<p class="center"><big><b>THE BOY'S OWN BOOK.</b></big></p> - -<p class="noin">A complete Encyclopædia of all the Diversions—Athletic, -Scientific, and Recreative—of Boyhood and Youth. With -several hundred Woodcuts. New edition, greatly enlarged and -improved.</p> - -<hr class="tb" /> -<p class="center">LONDON:<br /> -W. KENT & CO. (LATE D. BOGUE), 86, FLEET STREET,<br /> -<small>AND PATERNOSTER ROW</small>.</p> - -<hr class="chap" /> -<div class="transnote"><h3><a id="Transcribers_Note"></a>Transcriber's Note</h3> - -<p>Variable spelling and hyphenation have been retained. Minor punctuation -inconsistencies have been silently repaired.</p> - -<h4>Corrections.</h4> - -<p>The first line indicates the original, the second the correction.</p> - -<p>p. <a href="#Page_154">154</a></p> - -<ul> -<li>The mouse that has but one hole is soon caught.</li> -<li>The mouse that has but one hole is soon <span class="u">caught. (Latin)</span></li></ul> - -<p>p. <a href="#Page_193">193</a></p> - -<ul><li>Teh hardest step is over the threshold.</li> - -<li><span class="u">The</span> hardest step is over the threshold.</li></ul> - -<p><a href="#Footnote_362_362">Footnote 362</a></p> -<ul><li>Der Weg zum Verderben est mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert.</li> - -<li>Der Weg zum Verderben <span class="u">ist</span> mit guten Vorsätzen gepflastert.</li></ul> - -<p><a href="#Footnote_557_557">Footnote 557</a></p> - <ul><li>Chi della serpa è punto, ha paura della lucertola.</li> - -<li>Chi della <span class="u">serpe</span> è punto, ha paura della lucertola.</li></ul> - -<p><a href="#Footnote_653_653">Footnote 653</a></p> -<ul><li>Van dreigen sterft man niet.</li> - -<li>Van dreigen sterft <span class="u">men</span> niet.</li></ul> - -<p><a href="#Footnote_657_657">Footnote 657</a></p> -<ul> <li>Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. Bofeton amagado, -nunca bien dado.</li> - -<li>Schiaffo minacciato, mai ben dato. <span class="u">Bofetón</span> amagado, -nunca bien dado.</li></ul> - -<p><a href="#Footnote_658_658">Footnote 658</a></p> - <ul><li>Gato maublador nunca buen caçador.</li> - -<li>Gato <span class="u">maullador</span> nunca buen caçador.</li></ul> -</div> - - - - - - - - -<pre> - - - - - -End of Project Gutenberg's Proverbs of All Nations, by Walter Keating Kelly - -*** END OF THIS PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK PROVERBS OF ALL NATIONS *** - -***** This file should be named 63190-h.htm or 63190-h.zip ***** -This and all associated files of various formats will be found in: - http://www.gutenberg.org/6/3/1/9/63190/ - -Produced by ellinora, Eleni Christofaki and the Online -Distributed Proofreading Team at https://www.pgdp.net (This -file was produced from images generously made available -by The Internet Archive/American Libraries.) - -Updated editions will replace the previous one--the old editions will -be renamed. - -Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S. copyright -law means that no one owns a United States copyright in these works, -so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it in the United -States without permission and without paying copyright -royalties. 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